IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 1.1 g m 12.2 u III m u 140 u& |!^iIiU4 < 6" » i P?iofegraphic Sdences CorpQiHtion ^•^ 23 VmST MAIN STUIT WIBSTn,N.Y. MSM (716) 173-4303 4^ ^"V C> CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICIVIH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Inatituta for Hiatorical Microraproductiona / Inatitut Canadian da microraproductiona hiatoriquaa Taehnieal «nd BibliograpMe NotM/NotM tachniquM M MMiographiquM TIm Iratltut* hM attamptad to obtain tha boat original eo|»y avaHalria for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba MMiographlcaily uitiqua, which may aKar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduetion, or which may aignificantly clianga tha uaual mathod of filming, ara ehaekad ImIow. D Colourad eovara/ Couvartura da coulaur r~| Covara damagad/ D D g Couvartura andommag4a Covara raatorad and/or iaminatad/ Couvartura raataurAa at/ou paiiicuiAa Covar titia miaaing/ La titra da couvartura manqua |~~| Colourad mapa/ Cartaa gAographiquaa an coulaur □ Colourad inic (i.a. othar than biua or black)/ Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) □ Colouraf' plataa and/or iiiuatrationa/ Planchaa at/ou iiiuatrationa an coulaur □ Bound with othar matarial/ Rali4 avac d'autraa documanta Tight binding may cauaa ahadowa or diatortion along intarior margin/ La raliura aarrAa paut cauaar da I'ombra ou da la diatortion la long da la marga intAriaura Blank laavaa addad during rattoration may appaar within tlM taxt. Whanavar poaaibia, thaaa hava baan omittad from filming/ II ta paut qua cartalnaa pagaa blanchaa ajoutiaa lora d'una raatauration apparaiaaant dana la taxta. mala, loraqua cala Atait poaaibla. caa pagaa n'ont paa At* fiimAaa. L'Inatltut a microfilm^ la malllaur axamplaira qu1l lui a 4tA poaaibla da aa procurar. Laa ditaiia da cat axamplaira qui aont paut-4tra unlquaa du point da vua bibltographiqua, qui pauvant modifiar una imaga raproduita. ou qui pauvant axlrio: una modification dana la mAthoda normala d«t filmaga aont indiquAa ci-daaaoua. Til to D Colourad pagaa/ Pagaa da coulaur □ Pagaa damagad/ Pagaa Pagaa andommagtea Pagaa raatorad and/o( Pagaa raatauriaa at/ou pallicul4aa Pagaa diacolourad. atainad or f oxat Pagaa dAcoiorAaa, tachatAaa ou piquAaa Pagaa datachad/ Pagaa ditachAaa 8howthrough> Tranaparanca Quality of prir Qualit* InAgaia da I'impraaaion Includaa aupplamantary matarii Comprand du matirial aupplAmantaIra r~|^Paga8 raatorad and/or Iaminatad/ □ Pagaa diacolourad. atainad or f oxad/ Pagaa I — I Pagaa datachad/ rr^ Showthrough/ I I Quality of print variaa/ r~1 Includaa aupplamantary matarial/ Tl PC of fill Oi b« th ak OC fir ai( or Th ah Til wl D D Only adition availabia/ Saula Mitton diaponlbia Pagaa wholly or partially obacurad by arrata alipa. tiaavaa. ate. hava baan rafilmad to anaura tha baat poaaibla imaga/ Laa pagaa totalamant ou partiallamant obacureiaa par un fauillat d'arrata. una palura. ate. ont 4t* fiimAaa A nouvaau da fapon A obtanir la maillaura imaga poaaibla. Additional commanta:/ Commantairaa aupplAmantairaa: Irraguiar pagiiMtion: [1] • 78. 71 • 72. 73 • 74, 75 - 76, 77 - 78, 79 - 80, 81 - 144p. Thia itam is filmad at tha raduction ratio ehaekad balow/ Ca doeumant aat filmA au taux da rAductlon IndiquA ei-daaaoua. 10X 14X 1IX 22X 2tX ?0X 1 y 12X IfX »x a4x 2IX 32X TiM copy fllmMl hun hM b««n raproductd thanks to th« gMMToatty of: Library Division Provincial ArcMvas of British Cotumbta L'OMinplalro film* f ut roproduit grico A la gAnirosIt* da: Library Division Provincial Archives of British Cotumbia Tha Imagaa appaaring hara ara tha baat qualtty posaibla conaidaring tha condition and laglblHty of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha filming contract spacificationa. Original capias in prirttad papar covars ara fiimad baginning with tha front covar and anding on tha last paga with a printad or illustratad impras- skin. or tho back covar whan appropriata. All othar original capias ara fiimad baginning on tha firat paga with a printad or illustratad impras- sion. and anding on tha last paga with a printad or illustratad impraasion. Tha last racordad frama on aach microficha shall contain tha symbol — ^- (moaning "CON- TINUED"!, or tha symbol y (moaning "END"), whichavar applias. Maps, platas. charts, ate. may ba fiimad at diffarant raduction ratios. Thosa too larga to ba antiraly included in ona axposura ara fiimad baginning in tha uppar laft hand eornar, laft to right and top to bottom, as many framas as raquirad. Tha following diagrams illustrata ths mathod; Las Imagas suhrantas ont 4t4 raproduitoa avac la plus grand sain, compto tonu da la condition at da la nattat* da Taxampiaira film*, at an conformity avac las conditions du contrat da fllmaga. Las axamplairas originaux dont la couvartura an papiar aat imprlm4a sont filmAs tt commandant par la pramiar plat at an tarminant salt par la darniAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraaaion ou d'illustration, soit par la sacond plat, salon la cas. Tous los autras axamplairas originaux sont fiimAs 1% commonpant par la pramiAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'imprassion ou d'iilustration at an tarminant par la darniAra paga qui comporta una taila amprainta. Uci das symbolas suivants apparattra sur la darniAra imaga da chaqua microficha, salon la cas: la symboia — ^ signifia "A 8UIVRE", la symbolo y signifia "FIN". Las cartas, planchas, tablaaux, ate, pauvant Atra filmAs A das taux da rAduction diff Arants. Lorsqua ki document ast trap grand pour Atra raproduit •n un saul ciichA, il ast f llmA A partir da I'sngia supAriaur gaucha, da gaucha A droita. at da haut an bas, an pranant la nombra d'imagas nAcassaira. Las diagrammas suivants illustrant la mAthoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 S 6 LV *^, %-: I "V »->;, m- ml- VOYAGES, ARITIMK ADVENTURES AMD COM'fERCIAL ENTERPRISES, IN ALL PARTS OF THI WORLD: COMPRISING A PERIOD OF TWENTY-FOUR YEARD, IN EVERT KIND OP CRAFT, PROM THE BOAT OP TWENTT-PIVB TONS. TO TBI INDIAMAN OP ONE THOUSAND TONS, « Mmm 9K «m »«>■« &AA(8>»sova ax» wuju^sbsstovu BY R, J. CLEVELAND. ** I loT«— «li1 how I k^ ti> Idc On the flerce, foamiag, biiirting Ude. ♦• ♦ \- ♦ I iMver WM on the dull tem^ •hore. But 1 loved the great ica more and more." I/)NDON. R. AlACDf)NALD, 30, GREAT SUTTON STRBBf, CLBRKINWKll* \ i 7 9 a 1 .^'^ ^^ skmng. ir\ l\ . r , t f ) .-^-l^.!, >v -Si, CLEVELAND'S VOYAGES, &C. INTRODUCTION. Thf character of the citizens of New England fbir enterpriae and industry is very generally ac- \ nwwledged. Being, for the most part, obliged [to seek ti^eir own fortunes, they are early accus- itomed to the endurance of privations, and to I those industrious and firugal habits which lead I to competence and wealth. In the pursuit of that independence of which all are more or less idesirous, there have been instances of daring [enterprise, of persevering determination, of dis- I regard of fatigue and sullitring, which are very , remarkable ; but which pass unobserved firom their frequency, no less than l^m the unobtru- I sive habits of the actoc A ^mple account of such enterprises, drawn ['from journals and letters written at the time the > ievents therein related occurred, is here given to .the public. More than forty>fivc years have elap&ed since the first of the voyages here narrated was un- k^ertaken ; and more than twenty since the com- Ipletion of the last. It is apparent thaf^lhey Ifpo^sess but in a small degree the power to in- [ terest that would have been excited had they been published at the period of their perform- Lance ; yet this delay in their publication may, on ime oonsideratio:*^, enhance their value. It nay be interesting to the young merchant to race some of the great revolutions in the com- merce of the world which have occurred within [the above-named periods ; and those of advanced I age may be induced to recur to by-gone ijays, with pleasing, even if accompanied with melan- choly associations. For several years preceding the date ot the jfirst of my voyages, the merchants of the United Itates, and particularly those of Salem, carried |on an active and lucrative commerce with the , Isles of France and Bourboa, which was con- ; thiued up to the period of the conquest of those isUnds by the British, liBce which it has nearly , ceased. That important product of our conn- [try, cotton, which is now its greatest and most [valuable article of ejqrart, employing a greater i amount of tonnage than any othor, was then on- known M an article of export from the United States ; and the little required for the consump- tion of our domestic fabrics was imported from Demerara, Surinam, and the West India Islands. The trade to the north-wett coast of America, which, for about twenty-five years, was actively and almost exclusively pursued ^rom Boston, on an extensive sole, and to great advantage, has ligr some years been abanddned, from the sevdfy and high price of fun, caused by the oompe> tition of the Russians, who have gradnally ad- vanced their posts far to the south of thoae places where my cargo vraa collected, and where they were not then seen. The sealing voyages, which vrere prosecuted most aetivdy tnm Viim Haven, Norwich, and Stonington, princtiNdly to the Island of Bf asafuera, and by whidi svddan and large fortunes were made, have, tar many yecrs past, been productive of little comparative advantage to the few yet engaged in than, aid this in consequence of the animal's being dAoft annihilated. -' Our cargoes from China, vrfaich werelbnneit|^ paid for in these fhrs, and in Spaniah doBidn^ are now procured for bOUr <« Bnf^lan^ iUr opium, and for Bnropean and AnMrieaa fdHrfat. The cotton and silk manufsctatea of. IndDatot constituted formerly, almost exdnabdyr tte cargoes of our ships from Calcutta, ' wyell were paid for in Spikn^ ddlan, and wkidi genorally yielded large profits. At this iiiM onr eotton fsbries are so mudi better ani eheqier, as entirdy to have snpenedetl thn importation of thoset nnd most of the artiai«>« which now oompoaa a eargo from Cdcntta, «■« oepting saltpetre and banduaa, wttt tta* scarcely known there as artidea of eipo^^fi this country. Bills on England in payment ilw these cargoes, as well aa for thoae iaden at other ports of India, have been snbstitatedinr Bpaidsh dollars, whiA formerly were indiapenaaUe ttt the prosecution of this trade. When I first visited the porta of BnaQ» at Chili, of P^ru, of Mexico, and of CaUfonda, they had been for ages, and were thai, so eidnahMy used for their own respective flags, that ^ ad» mittance of one of a foreign nalkm mw gnwtadi only on the most palpable evidmm of «, sity which it would be inh^maa noi to t-„ When admitted, no individual belm^^iBf t» vessel was permitted to laud, or to »■?*»< streets of the dty, without the dtaagraaaUe eiw cumbrance of a soldier following hiu ; haooe the difficulty of obtainhig information, and oima*> quently the meagre accounts given of the maa^ ners and customs of those nattena» The revduaons in those coontriaa which htie CLEVELAND S VOYAGES. 1^ ••*»• been effected with so much intUvidual distreu, and 80 great lou of life, though far from having produced the prosperity and happiness antici- pated by their most enUghtened patriots, have nevertheless caused their ports to be thrown open for the aduiinion of the flags of all natk>n|i. This has afforded opportunities to strangers for positing them, which have been abundantly im. proved; and the numerous and elaborate ac- counts of them which have been given to the T'/orld, within a few years, by literary men, who possessed the requisite leisure and opportunity for the purpose, seemed to obviate the necessity of my attempting to enlarge on those subjects. llie same reason forbade the attempt at more tlum cursory and passing descriptions of coun- tries, cities, customs, and manners in other parts of the globe, visited by me for objects exclu- •ively of a commercial character. Equally, if not even more remarkable' than the changes above mentioned, are those observ- able at the Sandwich Islands, since my first visit -there in the year 1799. Then the inhabitants were but little elevated from the barbarous state in which they were found by Captain Cook ; now they are comparatively a civilised people, sensible of the value of instruction, and eager to obtidn it; cultivating their fields, and, by an extendi^ and increasing foreign trade, affording a most remarkable instance of the ameliorating and humanising effects of commerce. . In these days of philanthropy, when there are so many zealous advocates and active promoters ef the great and truly benevolent cause of Tem- perance, it is proper and becoming in every wellwisher to the advancement of this cause, to aid it in every way in his power. With such impressions, and with the favourable opportunity now presented, I should consider it reprehensi- ble to withhold from the public a statement of fkiets relating to myself personally, and which no other consideration than the hope of doing good would induce me to make, although they may be viewed by many as not the least extraordi- nary nf the facts which have been narrated. I an not, nor have 1 ever been a member of ft Temperance Society; but I was a practical temperance man long before such societies were dlreamed of. At the period when I began my nautical career, it was a universally-received maxim, that drinking grog and chewing tobacco wen two essential and indispensable requisites ffnr making a good seaman. So omnipotent is euatoM, and so powerful is satire, that although the absurdity of such a maxim must be apparent to evfcry one, I have nevertheless seen many young men repeatedly made sick before over- coming the disgust, and some of them after- wards became miserable dntnkards. As alcohol and tobaoco were in no degree less offensiva to me than I had evidence of their being to my as- sociates, it appeared to me, that to submit to the ridicule rather than tu the sickness was selecting the least of the evils, and I acted accordingly. Those who may honour me with a perusal of my narrative, will perceive that I have navigated to all parts of the world, from the sixtieth (ie. gree o€ south latitude^ to the sixtieth dcgrpr> north ; and sometimes in vessels whose diminu- tive size and small number of men caused ex- posure to wet and cold, greatly surpassing what is usually experienced in ships of ordinary capa- city ; that I have been exposed to the influence of the most unhealthy places ; at Batavia, where I have seen whole crews prostrate with tlie fever, and death making havoc among them ; at San Bias, where the natives can stay only a por- tion of the year ; at the Havana, within whose walls I have resided five years consecutively ; that I have suffered captivity, robbery, imprison- ment, ruin, and the racking anxiety consequent thereon. And yet, through the whole, and to the present sixty-eighth year of my age, I have never taken a drop of spirituous liquor of any kind ; never a glass of wine, of porter, ale^ or beer, or any beverage stronger than tea and oof- fee ; and, moreover, I have never used tobacco in any way whatever ; and this, not only with- out injury, but, on the contrary, to the preser- vation of my health. Headache is known to nic by name only; and excepting those fevers, which were produced by great anxiety and ex- citement, my life has been free from sickness. The following narrative will enable the reader to form a comparison between a seaman's pro- fession and bis own ; and, possibly, after pe- rusing it, he will be less disturbed by the annoy, ances which peculiarly beset him. He will per- ceive, that the master of a merchant-ship, in whom are united the duties of navigator and factor, is subjected to great care and responsi- bility, even on ordinary and well-defined voy- ages. These are greatly augmented when the enterprise is enveloped in darkness, from the unknown political state of the countries whithet he is destined ; from the contingencies which may be presented to him ; and from the neces- sity of great circumspection, decision, and promptitude, in the choice of them. If he is timid and afraid to enter a port where there is uncertainty of a friendly reception, it may cause the ruin of his voyage. If, on the contrary, he is bold, and enters such port, confiding in the protection of existing treaties and the laws of nations, he may also become the victim of ar- bitrary power, confided to unworthy and igno- rant individuals. If success attend his enter- prise, when returning home with ample com- pensation for his labour, he runs the risk of having it all snatched from him by some hungry satellite of that great high-sea robber, termed " His" or " Her Majesty." Thus, in addition to the ordinary perils of hurricane and storms, of rocks and shoals, he has to incur the greater ones of the cunidity and villany of man. Of the ordinary labour qnd fatigue attendant iriU, and I aoted AND COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES. ron the profcMion, the same individual would ifonn opposite conclusions in diiTerent circnm- Ittances. The man who makes a winter's p«s- liage from Europe to America, and encounters (the usual storms and severity of weather pecu- to that passage, will probably pronounce the [ teaman's life to be the hardest, the most dan- [•erous, the most irksome, the most wearing to [body and mind, of any one of the pursuits of lan. On the contrary, he who sails from the Jnited States to Calcutta, to China, or to South lerica, avoiding our winter's coast, may per- iform the voyage without experiencing a gale of [kreater severity than would require the sails to |De reefed, a pleasing excitement when the ne- essity is of rare occurrence ; a^d he would pro- bably decide, that no profession is so easy, so Ipleasant, and so free from care, as the seaman's. fThesc arc the two extremes, between which, as lay t)e supposed, there are gradations, wtiich ill tend to incline the scale one way or the |)ther, according to circumstances. The experience of more thk twenty years passed in navigating to all parts of the world has led me to the conclusion, that though the hardships and privations of a seaman's life be , eater than those of any other, there is a com- pensation in the very excitement of its dangers, the opportunity it affords of visiting different [>untrie8, and viewing mankind in the various idations between the most barbarous and the [most refined ; and in the ever-changing scenes |Vrhich this occupation presents. And I can say, ith truth, that I not only feel no regret for iliaving chosen this profession rather than any [other, but that if my life were to be passed over [again, I should pursue the same course. Cambridge, United States, 1842. CHAPTER 1. I Commercial ndiication. — Mr. Derby, of Salem, the father of American commerce to India.— Hit liber- ality. — The author's desire (o viait distant coun- tries. — Resolves to gntiTy it. — ^His first voyage. —Its resalts.^Other voyages.— Appointed master of the Enterprise. — Voyage to the lue of Bourbon. — Copper sheathing.— Betnm to Salem.— Voyage to Havre.— Disappointed hope»— the Enterprise ■ent home. — The author fits out a cutter on his own acconnt. — His reasons for the adventure. ^Anietv of his friends.- Reaolvas to sail for the Isle of France.— DiSeulty of procuring a crew. — S^la from Havre.— A gale. — Compelled to run a-shore. — Narrow escape. — Ezeelleat conduct of the people, who assist to get the vessel off.— Re- turn to Havre to repair damage.— Deswtion of the crew.— Fidelity of a negro.— Lateness of the season. — Despondency. In the ordinary coune of a commercial educa- tion, in New Engfhuid, boys are trantfinnred (irom school to the merchant's desk at the age of four- teen or fifteen. When I had reached my four, teenth year, it was my good fortune to be re- ceived into the counting-house of Ellas Basket Derby, Esq., of Salem, a merchant, who may justly be termed the father of American com- merce to India ; one, whose enterprise and com- mercial sagacity were unequalled in his day, and, perhaps, have not been surpassed by any of his successors. To him our oouqtry is indebted for opening the valuable trade to Calcutta, before whose fortress his was the vessel to display the American flag; and, following up the business, he had reaped golden harvests before othe^ mer- chants came in for a share of them. The first American ships seen at the Cape of Good Hope and at the Isle of France, belonged to him. His were the first American ships which carried ear- goes of cotton from Bombay to China ; and . among the first ships which made a direct voyage to China and back, was one owned by him. He continued to prosecute a successftd ^ business, on an extensive scale, in those coun- tries, until the day of his death. In the trans- action of his affairs abroad, he was liberal, greatly beyond the practice in modem times, always desirous that every one, even the for^ mast-hand, should share the g^ood fortune t6 which he pointed the way ; and the long list o^ masters of ships, who have acquired ample for- tunes in his employment, is a proof both of his discernment in selecting and of his generosity in paying them. . Without possessing a scientific knowledge of the construction and sparring of ships, Mr. Der- by seemed to have an intuitive faculty in judgikig of models and proportions ; and his experiment^ in several instances, for the attainment of swift- ness of sailing, were crowned with a success un- surpassed in our own or any other country. Htf built several ships for the India trad<^ im* mediately in the vicinity of the counting-hons^t which afforded me an opportunity oi iMconftiny acquainted with the building, spurtng, and rig- ging of ships. The conversations, to which I listened, relating to the countries then newly vi- sited by Americans, the excitement on the return of an adventure from them, and the great profits which were made, always manifest from the re- sult of my own little adventures, tended to tti- mulate the desire in me of visiting those coun- tries, and of sharing more largely in the advan tages they presented. Consequently, after having passed four years in this course of instruction, I became impatient to begin that nautical career on which I had determined, as presenting the most sure and direct means of arriving at inde- pendence; and, in the summer of 17M| I em- barked on my first voyage. It was one of only three months' duration ; but it was sofficieat to produce a most thorough disgust of tlM jpursuit, flrom the severe suffering of Bea>siduiMS i so that, if I had perceived, on my retuis^ «af #■> pect on shore equally promising, I ihovild Mm m CLEVBI.ANDS VOYAGta, ! - i abandoned the sea. None, however, presenting tself, I persevered, and finally overcame the difficulty. Having in this, and other voyages to the East and West Indies and to Guro|>e, acciuircd the experience and nautical skill deemed siifHcient to qualify roe for ttikin;; the command of a ship, I was invited, in the autumn of 1795, by the eldest son of Mr. Derby, to take charge of his barque Enterprise, and proceed on a voyage *to the Isle of Dotation. The confidence, thus evinced, in intrusting the management of a va- luable vessel and cargo to so young and inex- perienced a man, for I had then only attained my niigority, was very gratifying to my ambi- tion, and was duly appreciated. In those almost primitive days of our com- inerce, a coppered vessel was scarcely known in the United States ; and on the long East India voyages, the barnacles and grass, which accu- mulated on the wooden sheathing, retarded the ahip's sailing so much, that a third more time, at least, was required for the passages, than is needed since the practice of sheathing with cop- per has been adopted. A year, therefore, was Knerally consumed in a voyage to the Isle of ance or Bourbon ; and mine was accomplished within that term. The success attending it was very satitfitctory to my employer, of which he gave evidence in dispatching me again, in the same vessel, on a voyage to Europe, and thence to Mocha, for a cargo of coffee. WhUe at Havre de Grace, in the summer of 1797, engaged in making preparations for pur- luing the voyage, I had the mortification to learn, by letters from my employer, that some derangement had occurred in his affairs, which made it necessary to abandon the Mocha enter- prise, and to place in his hands, with the least possible delay, the funds destined for that ob- ject. Among the numerous commercial adven- tures in whidi our merchants at that time had been engaged to the eastward of the Cape of Ckiod Hope, no voyage had been undertaken to Mocha. To be the ^t, therefore, in an untried adventure was highly gratifying to my ambition ; and my disappointment was proportionally great when compelled to relinquish it. To have detained the vessel in France, while waiting the slow progpvss of the sale of the cargo, would have been injudicious ; and she was therefore dispatched for home, under charge of the mate, William Webb, of Salem. Being thus relieved from the necessity of an Immediate retypn to the United States, I flat- iwed myself tnat, even with the very contracted means which I possessed, I might still engage, with a little assistance, and on a very humble tode, in some enterprise to the Isle of France And India. When, therefore, I had accom- plished the business with which I had been charged, by remitting to the owner in Salem his property with me, I began .earnestly to put to the test the practicability of the object of which I was so desirous. A coincidence of U. vourable and very encouraging circumstanc(,-« aided ray views. A friend of mine had become proprietor of a little cutter of thirty.eight toni Imrden, which had been a packet between Dove and Calais. This vessel had been taken for i debt ; and the owner, not knowing what to do with her, offered her to me for a rcosonalile price, and to pay when I had the ability. This credit would enable me to put all my capital in the cargo, excepting what was required for co|). pering and fitting the cutter for the contem- plated voyage, about five hundred dollars ; leav. ing me fifteen hundred to be invested in the cargo. On making known to others ofmyfriendt the plan of my voyage, two of them engaged to embark to the amount of a thousand dollars each, on conditi(m of sharing equally the profits at Uie end of the voyage. Having become pro* prietor of the cutter, which, with all additional expenses, cost, ready for sea, about one thousand dollars, an investment of articles, best suited to the market of the Isle of Prance, was purchased to the amount of three thousand five hundred dollars ; making vessel and cargo amount to four thouuand five hundred. It is not probable that the annals of commerce can furnish another ex- ample of an Indiaman and cargo being fitted and expedited on so humble a scale. I had now the high gratification of uncon- trolled action. An innate love oi independence, an impatience of restraint, an aversion to respon- sibility, and a desire to have no other limits to my wanderings than the globe itself, reconciled me to the endurance of fatigues and privations, which I knew to be the unavoidable consequence of navigating in so frail a bark, rather than to possess the comparative ease and comfort, cou- pled vrith the restraint and responsibility, which the command of a fine ship belonging to another would present. As there are, doubtless, many persons, not ex- cepting those even who are famUiar with coni- merciid and maritime affairs, who will view this enterprise as very hazardous from sea risk, and as offering but a very small prospect of emolu- ment, it is proper, so far as I am able, to da away such impressions by briefly stating the ob- ject I bad in view. On my late voyage to tliej Isle of Bourbon, I had perceived a great de ficiency in the number of vessels requisite for the advantageous conveyance ot passengers ami freight to and from the Isles of France and Bourbon. If my cutter had been built expressly for the purpose, she could not have been more , suitable. With a large and beautifully finished i cabin, where passengers wotdd be more com- fortably accommodated than in many vessels o( greater dimensions ; with but small freighting- room, and requiring therefore but little time i« load, and of greater speed in sailing than the | generality of merchant vessels, I had no (loul)t of being abl^ to sell her there for more thani double the <^tt : or I might fmd it to be more { AND COMMERCIAL EMTERPRISKS. Ivantagcous to employ her in freighting between lie islands. In either event, I felt entire con- ience in being amply remunerated for the time Id risk. On the cargo, composed of such ar- eles of my late experience as had proved to he Dst in demand, I had no doubt of making a jfit of from fifty to one hundred per cent, on cost. The proceeds of vessel and cargo, in- ited in the produce of the island, and shipped Europe or the United States, would, at that ic, have yielded a clear gain of thirty-three one third per cent. Thus, in the course of ! year, I should make two hundred per cent, the original capital ; a result which might be |»nsidered abundant compensation for the time i would consume, and should take Arom the en- j>ri8e the character of quixotism with which I had been stigmatised. As soon as it became known at Havre that destination was the Isle of France, some of friends, anxious for my safety, and perceiv- in the enterprise only the ardour and teme- of inexperienced youth, endeavoured to dia- le me from it, by painting to me, in glowing lours, the distress and probable destruction I preparing for myself and men. But, bow- er friendly and considerate the advice, I felt fself more competent to judge of the risk than By were, and, consequently, (Usregarded them.* [The vessel bfeing all ready for sea on the 20th September, 1797, was detained several days the difficulty of procuring men. Those who ire engaged one day would desert the next ; the dangerous character of the enterprise hiving been dQscussed and admitted among the imen in port, I began to be seriously appre- nsive that I might not succeed in procuring a Bw. At length, however, with much difficulty, some additional pay, I succeeded in procur- four men ; and, having previously engaged a te, our number was complete. |To delay proceeding to sea a moment longer |an was necessary, would have )>een incurring a of the lost of my men, and the pay I had Ivanced them. Hence, I was induced to sail Ihcn appearances were very unauspicious. A trong north wind was blowing into the bay |th such violence as already to have raised a isiderablc sea ; but I flattered myself, that, as sun declined, it would abate ; that, if we iild weather Cape Barfleur, we should make a wind down channel ; and that, if this should found impracticable, we could, at all events, turn to Havre Roads, and wait there a more ^vourable opportunity. With such impressions we sailed from Havre, the 25th of September. A great crowd had * In conformity with a coux^ition in the contract br the veuel, she was called the CaroIiDe. We ^avigdted with such papers only as our foreign con- mis were, at tliat periud, in the habit of giving on imilar emergencies ; the bill of sale and consular ertificate attached, which were respected bv the elligarents. ■tsenibled on the pier-head to witnesa our deptr- ture, and cheered us M we passed. It was about noon, and we were under fidl sail ; but we had scarcely been out two hours, when we were obliged to reduce it to a double-reefed mainiail, foresail, and second-sized jib. With the sail even thus diminished, the vessel, at times, almoit buried herself ; still, as every part of the eqtrip> ment was new and strong, I flattered mysdf wilh being able to weather the Cape, and press- ed forward through a sea in which we were continually enveloped, cheered with the 1m^ that we had nothing worse to experience, nd that we should soon be relieved by the ability to bear away and make a free vrind. I was des- tined, however, to a sad disappointment ; for the wind and sea having increased towards mid- night, an extraordinary plunge into t very short and sharp sea completely buried the vessel, and, with • heavy crash, snapped off the bowsprit by the board. The vessel then luffed into the wind, in defiance of the helm, and the first shake ot the foresail stripped it from the bolt rope. No other alternative now presented, than to endeavour to regain the port of Havre ; a task, under existing circumstances, of very dUBcidt and doubtful accomplishment. The sea had inm creased in so great a degree, and ran so shu^ that we were in continual apprehension of hav- ing our decks swept. This circumstance, com- bined vrith the sea-sickness, which none esaqped, retarded and embarrassed the operation of wear- ing round on the other tack. The violent mo- tion of the vessel had also prevented the pos- sibility of obtaining sleep ; indeed, no person had been permitted to go below before the dis- aster, and none had thf^ disposition to do so afterwards ; but all were alert in the perform- ance of their duty, which had for its immediate •bject the getting of the vessel's head pointed towards Havre. This was at length effected ; but, as we had no spar suitable for a jury bowsprit, we could carry only such part of our mainsail as was balanced by a jib, set in the place of a foresail. With this sail we made so much lee-way, tlut it was evident, as soon as daylight enabled me to form a judgment, that we could not reach Havre ; nor was it less evident, that nothing but an abatement of the gale could save us from bdng stranded before night. With ttie hope of this .abatement, the heavens were watched with an intensity of interest more easily imagined than described ; but no favourable sign, appeared, and before noon we had e\1deBce of being to leeward of the port of Havre. We now cleared away the cables and anchors, and secured vrith battens the communications with the cabin and forccitstle. While thus engaged, the man at the masthead announced the appalling, but e&> pected intelligence, of " breakers under the lee." This information had the effect of an electric shock to rouse the crew from that apathy wMdi was a natural consequence of twentytfeurhou», % I > ' 'i 1 «xtii)inm to fx^ti iKtiimiP. IncpR^nnt wrt mui Mill, nnil ««»t of ulrrp a»i( fViml j Un wp linil not itrcn alite to rook nny ttiiof[(. lltp rrt|iliUty With whii'h wc Mpre ilr'lvro to Irrwnnt. noon tottitp tttP hiTitVpi-s ilio'rniiltio on ilrrk i nml ihey wprp nf *\\v\\ p\tp«*, nn to Irnvr »i« no choirp whpttipf WT Itrndpil PB«t oi «p«t, for the fbrlofw hn|M> of Mng IipIi^ l»y to»r nnrliom \\n% aU ttint irmAinpO to wn. No onp on Ititnnt |toH. BpAsnd nny kno\v1pi1|tp of thp »hoii> wp wprp np- rtoArhtnir ; hut out- rhmt itpMotpit tt wim rorky. t wn^ p«*y loppn'plvp. ttmi to l)p thrown nniong ilH»Ks, h)- %nr\\ A «PA, ninut hp thp tipstnu'tlon of Ml all Hpnrp H wmn of thp ntnmot tniport«ncp to dlipovrr, nnd to nnrhor otT. thp |tnrt of thp thorp whh'h unppm-pfi to t»p most t>TP ft-otn rocks i and with this vfrrtlior, in doflnnrt» of this ann wxvi'nl minoi' shocks 5 nnd, ns thr tidr wns fnUing, shp soon htvnmr so still, nnd thr wntrr W> shoal, ns to rnnhle U|.to go on shoiv. As tho nlniw gtin"n*d Wn tiivd, thr yoa- tantry had comr dow n in great nxmihors ; nnd lahen thpv i>rivpi<-pd ns lenxinf the x-e ssrl, they ran inh. the snil", «nd.»ith 8\i^ domonsti'ntions of hnmnnity and kindness ns onr f>rlom sitna- tion wns rnlndntrd to excite, ^np|>ortrd lis to the shore, which we had no sooner ir ached thnn tJ»«>- complimented ns on the jndicions seleetion tre hnd made ot'n pln^v to <^mc on show. And as it was now oh\io\isto os.that if we had stnick half a mile, either on one side or the other, fi-om ^is spot, the«H» would ha>-c l>een scarce a pos- rilnlity of saving om lives. We were fortunate, not only in the selection «f the spot, Init alsii in the ciivumstnnce of its being nearly high water when the vessel stnick. The concmTentv of two i^uch cii\>nmstances turned the scale in myfawur ; and immediately •fter landing 1 was ivrnxinced that the vessel and cargo, though much damaged, would both he sa\v^. When the tide had so fallen as to leave the vessel dry, tho inhahitants showed no dis- |)osition to t«ke advantnge of our distress, hy «tip«ilating for a certain proportion of what they might save, before going to work ; hut, |Honi]4ed hj tb.-ir humane feelings, set about diachiiifing the vessel, in s;ich numbers and t»lth surh ei>rv.eNtn,>s«, that heftire .nmspl .<„ wasromptrtply unlonilpd, nnd the cargo ratrlH bIu)\p higN-water mark. thr gnir, townrds rvrning, hnil vpry uiupIi ahalrd, nnd. Iipforr llip nrtt high- water. w», fortunntply stirrrpdrd hy n rnlni pjhI n grpat i|i. rrpnsr of spn. In thp nirnn »lmi Ihrlrnks, nini|> In thp bottom, wrrpxtopppd, ns well nstimmtnl eirnunstanrps would priudtj an anchor was rnr rlrd ns far as thp rplrrnt of the tidp would admit. and thr cahir hovp tnut. Having made tlu'w dispositions, I pugagrd n pilot and a sufliri nunihrr of men to attenti, at fiill tide, to hm tlu> vrssri »»tT, anil to rndraviuir to rrnmve It Into thr rivrr thinr, which was nrar hv. Th nrrnngpiuruts bring mndr, I wrnt with my mm to nn Inn. In thr nrighhouring town oft)lslrp ham, to grt somr rrfrrslunrnt, nnd to pass tlip night I romprllril hy pxhnustlon to place nititi deppndrfu'p on tho«r who wrrr strangers to m«, for grttiug thr vessel nllont, ns well as to sernrr the rnrgo fnnn being pinndrreil. Though worn out by fntlgue nnd nnxlniy, my distress «>f minti wns so great that I et>uld iu»« sleep. The thoughts, thnt I hnd contraetnl r debt which I might never be able to pay, tlmi no insurance hnd been etlVcteil, that, wlthnu' civdit, I might br impelled to laeriltce vmp.i had hern snxnl to ilrfl-av the expenses Inenn-ril, and that n\\ fortunr and pr»»spect!> ..pre rulnetl. were so Incessantly haunting my Imagination, that thr night rnlhrr nddrd to than diminishni my frrlings of rxhnustion. Thr following morning I found the vessel lylnf safely in the rivrr thine } and men were al«i thrjv, irady to make those teumorary rejialni which we»*e indispensable to enable ns to return to llnvie. In the fotrnoon it xvns reqniretl of n\» to go to fnen ^two or three miles distant) for' the prlties, which was • busi- ness of very little iutrit-ney nnd of very speedy ac»'ontplishment. An examination of the vessel nnd cargo satisfied me that the former conhl Is- rejiaitrd at a x-ery trifling expense, nnd that the latter wns not dniuagcd «o much amount. Tkf nlaerity to irnder ns assistance, in the |»eoplcof this place, from the beginning of our ilisaBter,| was extendetl to the period when, the cargol having ))een trans)Hntcd to the x-essel and re-I 8hip)>eii, we xverc pi-epaivd to i"etur« to llaxTo, As in case of x-essels stranding, it seems to Ik a imtctice, sanctioned by long-established usagv ^partictdarly on the other side of the Channel,^ to consider the unf«>rtunate as those alMndond j hv Heaxen, fntm whom mav lawfully be takfn all that the elenieuts have s|>arcd, t xvas pro- l>aiv»l for n demand of salvage to 1 eonsideral'le amount. Itut in thi« vpeiMation I found I hsii done great injnstice to these g^nul people ; for. on pivsenting their n«vouut, it api^eared tlifj had chai-ged no mo!>e than tor oixlinary lalwur, and that at a »v- . .noderAte i-ate. !t is a cir- cnmstance a?»< \^•r\ creditable *o them, th»t V IHHwHh^Umllitt >. 1MH'k«Kr* »»f Hi*" rntnn. nf »M.»» vnltir. n»i»l "f «ti<'» '»•!•< "^ '•» '"• *'"""?' .11111 .ilivl, wrrr in «l»»'ir p« iiri» of n iliitf r«'?t»»»i', ♦!««* |irtiJmlilv mnnjr «»f tlir nrfoM ilrri'iii lintp " rfiim-il fnnii tliplrmrtltly IhIhhim," J"! I n»«vi'r rt'inll «lirMi to minH, wHlii»it» » frfl- Ig of rimi|»iini'»l"n (Imt I lifl'l not n«itr««Jnp«l ip nn»(U"< of «lir |iiii»fl|ml«i ill Uif »Mi«iiii>**, n»i«l Itilr tlint imlilli' nrkiiowliilniiUMit for Hip iIH- itrrrMcil mill htniortmit "o-rvlrrti rrmtrrcil hip. rtiitit urntlHiilp, iio |pM*!imiJMMifn, ilpiiimiilpil. W llii« oiiil*«lrtn my jiPrtiirlipil «»ii»e of fiiJml l« It only npoloitv ■>VHli M fnvournlilp wlml for llnvrr, wp pro- fOptl for lliiif port, wliprp we nrrivpil In nlmiit lit ilnv" nftpr ImvliiR ubIIpi! from tliprp. TIip i-pption I iiipt with lit llnvrp, from my friptnl ImPK Priiit'p, K!»t|., »»f HoMoii, who wn« mi.rp .;tp|v liitprpdtptl in th« mlvpiitiirn tl . .. itny Rurimllvitlnnl ptrfptiiin my»plf. w«« MmJ ' •• Irmlly In tiip pxtrriiip, nml IpihIpiI In p«»imt«'r- M the pflVfU of my ilfpp morliflration, uihI to IUp my «pirlt« for tlip pnwpciitlon of tlip v.:\ innl pliin. Up rpllpvpil my nnxli'ly rpUlivp to llp iiipno^ of rlpfrnylng tlip cxiiposph of rppulip. lit tcnfciOK 'o proviili' fhriii. IIp gnvp niP :i rooio i lilsliomoM nml wlillr I wiw ill tliprp (for Itiin [Hill not pscnpp). Iip fufilllntpil my rerotpry hy in (WP nml kimliiPdM. WHIi «iuli itttpntlolit, ly lipnitli wni noon rp-pMnliliiliP'l, my Mflrltii jjlipwnl, niul I poisiipil tlip rt-pnlrliig imA re- ling thp vi'MpI t^i(ll my npciiMompil antonr. On putnmlimtlon of tlip mrgo, it t»m» foiinil to vpry llttip ilnmnRPil. T!ip vpmpI wfl« lon- |ri«'r«lily Injiirpfl m. iipnr the kool, tlint it wan IrcRimry to Iny lipr on hlooktt, wlipr« It wiw clls- ^vpr(>«l iii5t tliP lowpi pinnk wnn ro miirli okpn timt kevprni fppt of It wonlil rpq«ii-e to Ik" jtlnopil witli npw. Tliin lipiiiR nccmiipllslip'i, ke otiipr rppnirf mmlp, nml tlip rnigo nftnin put lionril, tliprc wnn nolliiiintoprpvent prooppd- immpdlntply to upb, pxoepting a difflnilty pninning mpn, wliloli RPPined to Iip Ininir- lonutnlilo. No oiip of my formRr crew, exreiit- Ig A Mack innn (fJpoige), would try It again, fc IihjI nrriviMl iil tlie close of (lie inontTi of jvemher; ami oat-h day's delay, hy the ad- ku'c of winter, increased the difllciilty and Inger of onr enterprisi*. Indeed, the westerly lies were nlrer.;?y of frequent oconrrenrp } the lights had lierome long, and when 1 heard the fowling winds and hraling rain, and recollected what a frail hoat I hnd to contend with them, wished that my destiny had marked nut for me I task of leas difficult accomplishment. OIIAITRk fl. M I lti.rM»i<»lrflfl»i-olilM.— F- IIIm ImtiMiy and eonraga— Hl«f"ni««l» hmiumu- HiMitlnrM nf th« rnrnpaia.— A aUtAf for M«iaHtl — tipiifga ami ih* plg.—flanji'rwii memiaiM with iIimAInp frlMl* — ArtUal nffOaillSt— >A aiHN* — Hoarilad hr a Pronrli PrUatMir.— I'aaa ihtCifW •In V(ir<»*» lufalirfs.— ( 'r««s iha K»pial«r.--Afrlfal ni tli«t(;a|NI0f OmmI Hnpf.— Iniafviflw with Iha A.liiilrat.— ittrfirlsnaml corlwslty «f iha InhaWl- niitM,— .4u«|NN>t<*«!n(t cnntimieit tn lie fiiv:>nr«l»ln, our passage domi tlie clinnnel was «My and expcditiou(> ; and the day after leaving Havre \vc passed by and in sight of the island of Ushant. We were now in a position to feel the fvU clTect of the westerly gales, which are BO prevalent at this season of the year ; and, in order to have plenty of sea-room, In case of en- countering one, t directed a course to he steered, which shnnhl carry ns wide of Cape Ortegal. A sufficient time had now elapsed, since leav- Ing Havre, <\\ being the thinl day,) to give me a very tolerable knowledge of my crew i whose characters, peonliarities, and accomplishntents were such, that a sketch of them may not be without interest to thi' reader. My nmte, Hen- ben Dames, was a yotuig man of nineteen or twenty, a native of Nantucket, who having been engaged in the whale fishery, had profited by that excellent schiol to acquire, not only the knowledge of the seaman's profession, but also enough of the mechanic arts to fish a spar with dexterity, to caulk a seam, or to ntake a bucket or a ImmtcI. The intelligence, activity, watch- ftilnesh, and adroitness of this yonng man re- ieved me fVom much anxiety and care ; and in is conduct while with me, he evinced all the :eadino8s and fidelity which the recommenda- tion he brought, as well as the place of Itis birth, had led me to expect. Decidedly the most important personage of my foremast hands was the black man George, who had dared to embark on our second voyage, after having shared in the disasters of the first. In his appearance, capacity, and dialect, George was the veriest negro that can be imagined. l'V>r honesty, fidelity and coW'age, be may have Ijcen equalled, but can never have been •urpasseccnrred efore we had been out a week. In his previous voyages George had been cook, and had there- fcre nothing to do with the compass ; bnt now, having to take his regular turn at steering, he was greatly pu7.7.1ed with its unsteai^iness. He could steer in the night with tolerable accuracy, hy giving him a star by which to steer ; b<»t the eotnpaM appeared to Iutu to be calc»dated only to embarrass. With a view of remedying this ditScolty, George had taken off the cover to the till of h'ia dicst, on which having marked the points of the oomi>a88, and pierced a hole in the centre fer the pivot, he brought it aft, and with great appearance of complacency, and expecta- tion of aipplause, placed it on deck lieforc the IvdimnMM, with the proper point directed for- ward to correspond with the course, and tlipr exclaimed, " l>air, massa, dat ctmipass \w teady ; Gcorirc tcer by him, well as anyboily." Hut this 8im|)li('ity and conceit was more tlmn redeemed by his tried fidelity, and boinic courage, of which the following is a remarkniilc instance. George had been a slave to siiiiif planter in Savanah; and one day, being in (lif woods with his master, they encountered an In. dian, who was hunting. Some dispute arising, (lie Indian, heving the advantage of being armnl. threatened to shoot them. In consequence of this threat, they seired him and took away liii gun ; hut after a little while, anil with urgent entreaties and fair pn»mises from him, they were induced to rettirn it ; first taking the precantinn to dip it int«> water, to prevent an immedir.tr use of it. This sewed again to rouse the angnr of the Indian, who immediately took the readiest means for drying it. In the mean tlm^ George and his master had entered a canoe, and. pur- suing their way in a narrow river or creek, had got a louff distance fhim the spot where they left the Indian; when, on looking back, they perceived him running after them on the bank. On arriving abreast of them he immediately took aim, which George perceiving, threw him- self, as a shield, between his master and tlic ball, and was so severely wounded, that his life was, for many weeks, despaired of. After i confinement of wn months, he entirely re- covered; and, as a rr'ward, his master 9a vc him his liberty. At the time he engaged with me, he had been a .sailor about two years, ami had been so in- variably cheated out of his wages, that he haeing a pri- vateer. Soon after she began to Are at us, but the balls fell much short. Aa the v^'ind con- tinued very light, it was soon apparent, that we could not escape, as we perceived that her pro- gress was accelerated by means of a multitude of sweeps. To run any longer would only have been incurring the risk of irritating the captitit of the buccaneer ; we therefore toundid to« and prepared to lie plundered. As they came up with us, about Ave o'clock, la n.UVKIANh H VtlVAnIrR, i\\ \:i f^ thry ignw %w\\ « <^\w\\\ of " Bnnur fnfur .' inn»r !»H.Vt> '"M \\\\\\\A \w vx\\rv\vA iViMM ItnmliUl n\\\\. Ptt US WW rortO-rtI I lint I frU rttmlilnnltlp trllrf rt thp ^MMlrtMrttt. \\\<\\, n< 0(rl» rtrtu htrlicmrti, Wfy ss-tfv hrwh, nml not Simn^li. \f\n tin' Mu^Milng l»rt«< i'rn*ri<, ! Wrt< oviltMrtl. In Vriy rrtm-^»' \f\mn, trt holnl fi\il w\ horti n«tl cinnr? on hrtAli^ «Hl» «iy j^ltrtn. I irj^llnt ll»nt 1 lti»i< Mnf wvn «»fttrl«»«l tn ^>^^1 o\it thr Ixtnf. Tin' rtnlrv wrtm-oMfrrtlri^, nrromprtMiril \\\\\\ t\ \\\\vn\ rtlrtting »t^. I il»p« «r«l mv wipultrlow, Anri wnMnl \\\p \T%\\\{, \\h\v\\ \\n%, tl»n« «l\ry not «nl thi»4«- own Imrtt. Thr ortrv, who lintji' oo ^nfttM, \ n\\t\\s^f to hnvr Wn tht' »'rt|>(ni« hiio- tv\ft f^r>w th" rl^vnni^tnnrf rtf \\\^ \w\\\(( n vrty lt\ti»\)»j»rnt w\nn, n«i< l^-<«« »u |<»r*t'nii' not l^olnpt «rq\iitril o« hortiM tl»r mivntrrv. A rni Bovy p\rtmii>rttlon of onv |>rtnrv* ronvinrfil him i^f 0(«- nr«tinl rhftl-fli'trv ; «ni1 tho i'\ltil>itlo\i of « jiAMttOvt, wUh A «rn\ nml «i|tnm(nr of one lilRh J« rtnlno\- tl\nt tlo' <»»!<^ tnMih^i* rtwt^ i hot twt «» W y nnri nhrntlj Wgwn. nmJ ni> rtrt hrttuM thfiv hortt. whvtv, ntlov wi^ltin^; uw n p*(ff^ \t>yMT, tt\\\\ tt»(nv)tinn tl^o drtnttion hi> mA rt^rh jmxrttt'or, rtni\ ««iWf< nt pdfunit of othrv V\\<> w%n\\ rtf th\« ir«»>M>tif \v«* hottor thnn I \\nA »i«tini>fttt^1. Awsir. n^ I \vn». of tho jt^'Wr- T*1 «n««lw>tNhn«tirtn on h\yhm<^«»nnjr, >>>nM not h«\v hov; nwA \ w-«!« wnoh ivht^wd hy t^n< t»'fti:<»tnW«»s ; hot \ wft^ v'"''^ "'"'"''' '*> •* K*''' tvfxxind, in xvhirh \>r \h\ to, twi-Uo hom-R. n\u\ )Mt|irtimnit\ of lcMii\jt th*' g^uvJ pt»- «^Ttt<»« of thv >vs>«t'l for thts im|>»>t1«nt pmjv>MV This xx'M tV rtnly fc*1«' »><" •«> sox^^rMx thAt wr «\|v»rTt>oa Uopo, thtvo ti<»l>'s Hfh^vrtw niTtvul thotv, vhioh hhA lost hof miKf«ftm«i$t in ih<^ nanir jr*lo. Yt is l^-fU kttoxn-n to aM who h«w iM>wswt ft pAsjiajro nt ««>« p«ys«»tit» to t>ir obwtvof 1itt)<> olso. twin «iiix to n trnpn^M olinws^ unvni'ioil hoiSwxn ; tit*' sAtuo «hxss rtf xv»tofs. «gtt«t<>(\, moiv Of i<»»s. n* it is iiot<»*i tt|>t>n hx thi* xRiml ; th*" sjnno tvxitino of ivmlc xxinds. >Miw wln the ot>iina»x oxoitctnont, \4 iit^d by i^«)«ieing »nd m*King sml ; nnA xxhon thU ttioiti'Innotiii tittiiitl lit lnti>rtti|t(iPiii, (it|t It vr^Hrl. hy ftttfhlttn it |»tif|irtl«t»', or I,, himIiir It xvhitli», thf InHilrnt It np\rvA with n\< •lily It* nit hn)ttittniii Itrtn in hn Intrrtml tii tii. '^\\\\\'n loD;-hitok, ot jotitnni of thf ility'n tniii. itrlion*. At ont- ftpptlnili".' txitu of tlilt Hml, I Im^ only to nnlh'f, thut txi< notti'il titi* I'lintttm i' tlti» loiinltmli' of M ' J itnil thiti \\v tni't tUth n iti'iMti fi'iiffl xvotthy of iio(«< front tltn tlnn- . ont Irnvlnit tho ('it)ti< iln Vrtilr Itlittnlt to m itftlvnl lit tho ('it|»i» of tJooil Ho|ir, nti'fiitiiii thitt, oni< nlftht. \vhirt pitttlnn thi< pi^nitttf, xvr illti-ovi-ii that onr of ontrittkt of nittrt hml npittly l»'nl of I'litnro. TItit fontlih'ritiiMi' itnd I hi* tii'^hr of ohtitlniitfi; trflrthniPttIt itml thott tptpito tVoin tltP fmintitp Itml nnxh'ty " tnt'h It |titttit)rp, ilptct'ininiMl ntt» to Mop itt ti' t'jtpi". nt I lt(tl nito thnt ottf t'iii|irit ttilnii' hi< «ohl nil\itnlngi>«'.nt|y thi'ii* Rhii{>htn; ottt oottftp nn'otilittgly, xvf rittttf if tijritt of tltp Tnhip Motint, on thf'iltf of Mittrli UftW, InM thtrp tnontht fimn th»> tlini« of ow liHtvinft linviv. VVt' xvptv ho tttnif In hi>fotvilml At to pi'lVPlXT. thM XVP XVPI* RlltttnlllMl Itt. til' l,ion'».h"«il, hnt xvvtv not ithlt* to tritoh thft itn oh honiiloil iiy it tttitit-of.xvni'v hont I tho otlhof of xxhioh, tlndlnn wo xxw fi'intt rtitmv, Initttoillittoly htit-tioil nto itthot-i'. \< tny to* ftAih, to sfo tho Ailntltitl, ^Sit- Unith t Chttttlnn,^ XX ho, tntivnniloil hy it u;fonp of ttnxn o1tt(Vit, npponn'd xt»t y f tnoh Mntitponr noxxt AN I iNxtihl irixo thotn. AtVf pitttiiin nonvli Itn hont xxith tho AittnltitU xxho ttvittoil tno xvii^ in>»itt tMvilily, itnii«| ptvxnnttly nitntod hy tho Adntii-nl, itt xvhioli I xviit to nt<>ot hint, tho ttoxit niornittp:. itl tho (im vot-nntonf-hoitto. Tho itttixit) of «noh it X'Ottol f\>rttn Rttfoiio nn t»t'*Uy oxoitod tho onrtotity of thotnliithititnlMM 1 tho Vh\>c ; unti tho noxt ntt^Miittft. l»olnjt onlm, ] xx-o hml nnmorxxnn vtsitorn oit hixnrd, xxho oould ttot flisjrxttso thoi^' >ttt<>nithmott« nt tho tiro of ili' voRvol, tho Uxyish tmi>oitrttn»'o ixf tho tttitttor itnti ntfcto, tho qnoof *n« ttttfqno ohjtrtototn of \\\( , txvo mon «ml Ixoy x\ho (vxmtittttoti tho otow, »tw\ tho lonfcth of tltoiMtiMfto w« h«m- plishMl. V*riow« w^rv tho conj^titwxpt of the j^>'xl pooplf of tho C*|»t, Its to the I'M! ol^jcct of ow ANfl CUMMinciAli RMIKHPWlNfcfl. Va Jiilflr(>rl««'. WJillo unwe nm»mit ilirm vlcwpil H (ti l«s It HP Unlit, Hmt of » ••imuiifn'lnl mmt(iIiiH«»ii. ihrrn iH'UntPtl, «lin», iiml'-r IliU mnxk, *»»• nm* iiiplmfii Itj- ihf PrfiH'li ttovi'rnmciil fi»r Jlii- invrvniiir Iif tltHr tlr«|mttlir'« ; tuiil siitiin «»••« ►fii* m» fur nn lt» •|pil«t»' n lirllrf. Hint wk f^Pfp P/iMiih n\)\v%, mill, n« mull, ilpRi'rvliiK »( l"""*'- |lii«f iimiit mill I'tiiirtiu'infiiit. ImiIdpiI. nnr ««- feUtrlup fnrmi'tl tlip |»rlin'liml iliPitin of r(iiiver»ii- l!«|i»«, iliiriiiK ♦» btir mrivMl. JO lit till* V.fk\w, ilorlog tli« wepk «ul»«t'«|iiPiit to At tin* lioitr npiMilntfil I orMwntwl mywlf lit %*> mivprooinnt lioiiRf, mill wm liitroilow«l to ip tiovprnor. Iiitril Mm-mtiiry, hi wIiokp roir- l«y I foiniii nUo tlip Ailtnlml. TIipm' hm m» iHi'li iitlmnity nnil iiflliliUK.v in tlin recputioii I |pt witli fniin tlu> (JotKroor, nn h»'II nn the Ail- alml, Ihiit it hmpirfil iiin with coiifiihint'p, nw\ pvpiili'il oiy f«'«riior vi-ry polUny hmiil)*il inn n rhitlrt miil. iti'tl hi'tn-ppo lliPUP two tllmtiiiitiilHlipil tiiPH, I Ik |OP|Mirpil to mmwpr, to thp hput of my kiiow- il|r«<, mifh qoPflthtiiimiithpyRltioilil Ank top. miil Rivr tlipio nil thp IntP inrorointioo rpi^pppthif^ piinttipmi HlTrtli^, timt my rppiilpiU'P hi timt Dmitry, nml my i-ppi'IiI ilp|iniimp, piwhlp»l hip ilo. It wim jiinl at tliU iiciioil timt th«; llotillii fip iiMpnihliiin, ill thfl iioitu of tlip ('limiiipl, tlip iiivnnion of KiiKlniiil I niiil on IIiIa iiih. Bt, hi piirtlfiilm, tlipy «pip vpi-y piirMP«t to oh- In hiformnlioii « MPcmhiK to Iip not i*Hhoiit »|iiThpiinlon thnt mi liitHnioii wan rpnily hi- IikIpiI. \Vh(|p I t-plntpil to tltpiii wliitl hnil imp mulpr my own oli«prvnlhm with iprih-iI to kp itiriinintion, niitl wlint I lind lirnrd from llipin, I px|ii-e««ptl to tliem my hpllpf, founileil bh tlip ilpii|ipriilp nnim-p of tlip iimlnrtRkhiR.tlmt vnthioK iiiorp wnn hitpmlpit Ity it tlinn to kppp piiftlmiil in A Rtntp (. At. the nmne time, niid nn mt nihll- »niil pvhipnce of thin periiiasioni he hml or- kMMl timt A peiirph shonld he made on hoard ly vpbbpI for the nnppoiPd dPHimtoheii, ami that l^ll the pappri and Ipttem found on hoard iihould hnmght to him. Coniipquently, my jonriml, took of aproiintii,aiid private (niters and papers, Rrp snhmittpd to his inspevtion \ and the letters had for Fi-piioIi gontlPinen in tliP Maiiritiiis rere all hiMken open. On the poncliuion of my visit to tlieUovprnor, k'ho gave me pcrmiMinn to dispose of my t'argu here If I desired, 1 went to the house of an oTil ftc^uaintance, wher« I had lodged in a former fagc, and in what he ooiisidpi-cd more prupl- [ttous lim«a U«lh ho and Ids family seemed ttUd to see me, and Invited tti« Ui taki up mf lotlKlngs therp again: hut the safety of mf tM> spI rptinirpd my presenoe on hoaril not loM \h port than h' s<-a, and I therefore deeliitMl. Tlip day following, my pafiers atiH leti«ra were retiimpd to me hy the secretary of the Ad- miral I and I was sorpriseii liy « croMisition front him for the pnrehase of my vessel. I delayed giving an answer until the neat day \ and, in the mean time, my lnt|iilHes led we to hi)li«v« that my cargo would sell wivantageoualy i but there was nothing hot s|ieoie« whkili would in* iwer my purftose to lake awajr for it, and thii was iiroliAdteii. With a provision for the re* moval of thli difflcnilv, and a goiMl price for mf vp^sel, t was prepared to uegociate with the m. irctary. Meeting him, therefore, at the tlm« fljitiolnted, and heing liolh what In trade is call«d olr-hand men, we soon closed the hafgaln, lijr Ills engaging to pay me, on delivery of tneCafo* line and s'.ores, Ave thousand Spanlih dullara and to ohiain for me permission to esport ten thmisand. This so far exceeded tite eoti of th« «pnsel, and was e^en so much more than I had expected to receive at the Isle of France, that I confllilered myself alreaily well lndeiuQiflej W^. A\\\\ vm nm\^'^w\\^\\ \ *\\m\A 1>«vt' \\\* w*v«)hi*w» »'Ov>M >«<»U »»ot< t)^»» <»»««. t <(i«i«*ti «i»«rt wn*. I \\Ai\ m f\m\\ \\m >s\m\\ us Atl WWvplMMf ft \\rt1>1r(l\A» A«il A\ \\\p mw »<«»»* WH»»>y. iw th<* rt^U'mn^rt, I iY'mt»w»f\ii»i< »»» 1(Avp ii^i^yvo^^'^i hs \\\')SAp\\\x^\\ ^^\f1^t> \ ^^nn^i m\sms Axf\% I AW«\ !^«»y NN^^V A Moi"rNi\ |^y\<^P 1<^ )w Artrj- W Wt*. \V*» nw'rtNSVf^l ^^f tt, A«<< AnA\ l.rtnl VHlt«t»V ^AMUv ^VA>^<»r U, ^»» fctwmy M^i^, "^1^ rrtwW rtrtt fntr^lV\V \W iht to 1^* Mh^iitNV .^n tW ii»hjr»M." th5« Ai^t^ittnrt, «WiVirt'y»<\ '!y« 11>t^^^^v A Wl'.!rv ti>ni*, lrt< WMi^ tx> i»n- tfrtWYflf* t^* ^tSjW* thAt thy At^K^V NN-yS^W «rtt K^rti^ l<> tlt)»AM<>*s«*\\ Ai If h*ft 'r>t>t1iyly U\ tht* tlWnr- Hrt« x^f iW CfviWiMNv. NxM \\T^V wy l^rtpt^* «« !R>i\t\ilM; AH, th^ i\t\i t^tiy, t^si^ \vs^^'tftv>^-A)» Its W Art1xv«1jrM A-^t; tt V»'A'^ f>\rniiiA•«,♦ 11>i» >«W»Atf»>fl frvt>«t^ trt\\-n, h1\>«^ W«»A>1» \>f >NW- #Hd)i V»f t^W first ww»prtA>>ih"t,y. ^1r. X^-A* «wfti\NViirAtiV t(\ t>>t^ X'^yxxTn rtf iht A^wiivn^, Xx-V* ^»<^« trt rxHrnv sxtrtptVNms rtf ^rtx jwHi'fttV, %1v^ ^wtM pwhAl'K >i»\r tAKx»« oMt t>\*» H W^ '<^Mt»<>stnr»i. A» fNXXn as 1>x<> xrswl X^-A» f«4M>nHl fttm 'mrn'tf. HAXin|r, 1V <^ax AxIViw- inj, yy*fA(p!«'ftr nnlAWinir, V «*i»1ixvi>M ih<^ V«**4 ♦<( iht ^h-As *nt^»i. tti t'^y* WAX'S A'ftfn- shy> x^'As^VTHv^ito*^. W>kxv fftr TrH^»A> ; nixri, in n 'sn1>'r<^«^t>t \yvy. »«. 1 VnrnH thtrt «V h(»<^ wx-rt- >Hy>n h<»AH M mtn^mr^. It i* p«x>Na>>K thw »><» rt'^^<>M- it» am! »»ji»«»c HjjtitHi VMdfi*, HAH Mitt imn^n of tit,. 'Irjli'rti'jr t»r )»l«t»An»«)(l»'t»t «t Itli't) yt|»« «(» «m«ii tinrl itlrtVtr'Htly HMi'trt-m)tlllinl j Ami tt» lltU lift Imm Mmv Ittt rt'uHlttUftl. Tht^ vrttlt»»iii t1»rtwl)r»t'l<* ttti (tit frtl-gtt, rtil»tti(j t^ttm »»->», i»mt« tIrttMAgf. AiiH tttmr* AltiHt. «»»»nt, mlltfr-il l||»« W\ \\\rW)^i^iU tit rtllnttt (lih »H|htAi i'»trv my VAtlUMs illnhntspmctitu. Mm n\\)\\ itr HfVPM thi)l"»t(hotk In t1tt» flt-til ^PHnH tfini AltmiM •^iitt't iHp Ittiy tin Itrt^ i^rfty tn ImHn ». rhina. ? ««■» itioiiipii. ItDWPVfv. t«i v»Blt nrvriii n^nnthd l»«»l\nn Any "«nnM rt»An»'p ftrtVt-fil. In dif nn»An tlm»', nn- tnntt »i»nl»|»«nrt» wntt IfWinf At On- TAfif* At^nitftl nil' ti»i* n|»)»nHnnlly itf hpiMtnihit. Arnnrtlntfil \\M\\ )\m\\- t^ntllln^, Atul \(t'lnHy »tf TAp Titwn. -^gjjg ■rtwiiiirt I'UAnKn nt. H.>tt\rtvVA\i\K> lV»v«\«»l itr t'A|>i> I'owtt turn trtitltt Ha* \nn»n A«<>l^ iVotW fMi^H rtf AAMtt. -i'h»> mVll*« VrthlK v.\\''\\\ -lV»Anvi>t>* i^rtvou nr *pMt»i^ly |tAl«» NVi'vt'K rtftltp (^op|tttp, lUhlMt ittnn-«r, «•»»•. _|>*. tpntiiiw rtt\it !»it^)(ipi^»ip«i )it« »>r \\\¥i )vt(^fnm - i'Uittrti« i^r tt\« t;A|rti>.— M«nnp>^* »ni\ i'n«t»w* m Ihp tn^titytUrtMW. -F.»etH'p of th* ttinnAl rttAn. -Ottttfrtlt Aoit-ht i^f 1'rt\»tp M(Sn«»AUt — -\Ip\v iVt^m It* uttintitlt — IVtIl tsw* tttM»t'*»t», Anit mI^» VPtttrtt, tllP ftVtllAtlrtrt rtf \\\[* Oa^ip IA Art trtMAfVAtllf, AS ttx mAKp A Untlt^u; whrt hdVP rtnn? «PPn It. X\\t> nt»n|» rtf IrtiYy AY\A Mwp hlllA, itaHpi^ tlip DpvM'a Mtitint tW tAb^p l.Ant^, Wit' Snj(«v-1t\Ar, ArtH tHi* t.lttti'> Wnmp, IVm-w a I>A»Vv rtw thp At>«th Att«i th« pam riAi'n rtf t^ip trtwn, Nvhu^h Aj>|n^AtT* Ahnttdt ImjMt^ nAbl-P. On A j1»Al«. At t\\r 1V>«t rtf tW»P MMa, rttt 1 rttx thr ^x^^^r!rv iif TAh\i» ttny, l"< »linAti»rl il\ VA«t«\\l txl\M\ rtf ttl»» t*A^1«». I. , .«»Ai>ntA m^« A^^^VAt•A>^^^» XX-ht'W »wn ft-rtW \\\« h^y, At^H APrm> txx jiix«i»p«i a\\ thAi WTHitniM^'* xvhivh Iti aw Ai»Kttit« MjT'^ o^A^-At^tprtAtli^ \xr thp 1>ntoh. thn i»iiTPt* AtV J^AI-AIW ffi (»A0h oth»»f, mA AtV K»»|tt Wv oWn. lltt'V* <« A U^Tfp At^uA^ip ftif A ttAtnA" Hivtxtn*^, At iW W'rtii)^ i^Aft rtf tW hwvn, wftlolt ■ tViMini^vM hv A ^^rtWA^ K>f<1<»t¥f< with A iJrtttWp t>* M ivoo«. lV » Vmj^Anx *» <\A»T4«»n» At It U <«aU> i ■ i* A A)>Atv rtf fitlt^ftv »>f txxrnty A«tvti ow thi' p.v | wK* rtt" tW txxxvn. U t» t'rtt^Ww^ hy a xxhU, a«i lAtt^ <\n\ in >tAni^*«xn\o xx-aIVx^ An«) 1\mw» rtnt> rtf ihf i mtxM «<<»Hjthtt\t1 \ottn«:«»» In tht* xx-^t^tl tw a it j 11»^ Vwxrtws insist .M' « w ^ At^>ritP*, AWtl a»v «M\*tt xnith jxJMhv-. xvhl.h hiMAJl; x»l»1H!Xi»*Ah*«1 cMf. It. ili«'.v Jtuvf rtM «H»phH»»itrtiil) npNt Kpticnr- [r'ltldtt flip iiiHlftirt- tfCttiMn flip ItlllnWMflN gtpiillv tiiiiitMril li) Mic ct'iiiili of "iiml wlllf'li inNfillM titn •ttiitfi t'Mi* «lii»l, ♦♦llM) Nof»fM [♦Ifilrii* tit fit ivtt(t)i«'l ilicfii »(i \iff\i hMIiIh Jt«. iittil jiPiifltntr'^ IiiIm nil Mm rrrtlrrti nf iM ntiil nltii|i)H'« ultlclt liMvn littf lt»H-P, III*' •tf Utr ittltir liiltifi l« M), .Inly, nnd Atiitoot, ntul liHttK !•• n x^n nhlrlt lH(JtoMlltl»« » of nil nnflonn, on fliplr wny fo nn»l InOln, to fonclt nf tltl* itlni'P for rrfrpuh- M» t rtnil flirn nlmoif pvpry hnti'^p wnlpnnptl, ypf lipftirp ilip ponlil INvny, n mIp cnntp nn ft-ntn tlip wpnf, In wlilrli jV^pnf n^lnn-p nntl wnn fofnlly lonf. \f cHmntP of th«» (!nitp In vpry lo'nllliy, l\\ hIpMlnft mnny of fhp Inltnhifnnln nffritnifp ip |t:,^vn|pnrp of i\\p Mjnh winilni ypt It In |t-vi»tl, timt InnliMn'Ps of IntiptPtlfy nr« vpry nnil (Imt (V\v olil (tpinonM nrp ntpf wifti. 't'lip Hfifrnn Ai-p,(\)r fhKtnniif |mrl, hoK|iifnlt|p, My, «M«I »rtHI»|p, A low nl phrp nnil rclnsn- f^ nml nn nvpMion to mnoh npflvify »f Itoily »ln«l, nrp nfHKInn ''ItnfnHPrinilrn In (Iip nipii. IwUph iht npnprnlly v«ry prpffy, linvp flop |k|v(i>)iot(K, ptnppftil ninl |i|pniiinK tiinnnprR, nml tvMti'tl \\\U\\\n. Tl«p InvnHnlilp nml nnlvpriinl o««iii>R ft miilniittit nilpnop nnr. All \\\« «lompnfipN, ftnil inoKt of ilip lhtw(i«R, nrp rUv«>ii t nml, nn Atr n<« I timl nn l«wlly of oliKprvlnir, flipy nrp trpntpil mnr« ituinftnity tlinn <• |t«nnrftllv nuitpoieti. ithilnnilinf th« incn^nii^ of hniltilnKn, nnd Hm (m vftliie of n>(i) pttnic, nn wpII «- « <«rioui hiUi*f mlvNnfNt«'rot1tit>A llip nnfop pltpwliprp lintp fnllivl. An ptpitrnlon to flip tlnk-NtntTon '^nunf-loal Mill wn« nn nffprtoitioV Inotoir »»f no pnnf ■«;. potniilNliniPnt. Hpforp rpnplilttt thp ttm, iUnm nrp t(p»prnl |ipriipnillpnl«r ftrpPliilppn »« tftti to flftppn fppf to fliitili J nntl rttfipn Mft« fRii((K«d flvt fppf, irotti ihti dpn to tht! pprppiidionlur pritcitikiib A ninvp hrln(tn hltn IiIh tiaily prorinlmift^ «rffl wnfprt nnd thin In tht* only tipptirtniilty th« re- I'lnnR hnn for t'onyprnfttlon dnrInK ilmt dnjr. Mf vinit wnn, thnrpftirp, tuinniilered Uy lilm in akinil of ittiilnpnti, for wliioh lift ftpp(>arnd to )m ^ttf grnlpfiit, nntl wlilfh he h^MPd mp to retiDat. TliR nxi'iirnion ovi>r thn Tahln Monntftin, which in thrpn IhouiAnil five hnnilred «iid ftighty^two fppf nliovp Hip IpvpI nf the oppnii, wnn an iirid«r* tnkinK of niii'ii InhtHir nn to rptiiiirp the j|r«at«r part of A day to perform it. It was atUlitbla nino, on many oonalttnrationi, to (i{ftke up a partf for thn purpose. Acrordlngly, fi«vlng cngagftd tho mate of the Jdhrson, and my own mate, to \ CLEVELAND • VOYAGES ^ J i*. \ 16 iieeompuiy mc, we let out togetber on a fine, dew morning, provided with refreshments, but without • guide ; not doubting, with the infor- mation given us, of being able to find our way. We met with no embarrassment in reaching the chann, on one side of which were the cra^y and irregular steps, by which only we could work our way to the top. The task was arduous, and required two hours of great exertion for its accomplishment. The day continued to lie very clear ; and the view amply repaid the toil of the ascent. It was limited on the north by high, irregular, and distant mountains ; on the south and east by the ocean, and an horizon greatly extended; on the west was the bay with its shipping, diminished to the size of such toys as children play with ; and immediately beneath us was the town, its gardens and streets distinctly seen, though its inhabitants could not be distin- guished with the unaided eye. A large part of the day was passed in rambling about the top of the mountain, and enjoying the extensive and beautifiil views from it ; and the time had arrived to think of descending. Desirous of returning by a different route, I at- tempted- to find a new one in the chasm, which, firom the imperfect view I could take of it, re- sembled the path we had ascended. But the better to satisfy myself, with great difficulty and imndnent danger of falUng, J climbed down a precipice of about twelve feet, and found myself upon a bridge formed by the falling away of the rock within the chasm, and extending across about twenty feet. Its vndth varied from two to four feet ; and it seemed, where narrowest, as if an additional weight would cause it to give way. On either side, and beneath this bridge, was an abyss of which I could scarcely see the bottom ; it beiftg fifteen hundred, or, pertia^; two thousand feet deep. I now saw plainly that I must return by the way I came ; as, at the other end of the bridge, the height was the aame, and the rocks jutted over. I made known to my companions my perilous situation, and tbaX a slip in climbing must be attended with certain destruction. In order, therefore, to help me up again, Mr. Barnes lay on the orround, and held his jacket over the precipice, w>. .^ the mate of the Jefferson held Barnes to prevent his being pulled over. With this management, and the scanty support 1 could find for my feet, I succeeded in gaining the summit, and in escap- ing from a situation so perilous that, even at this day, I do not recur to it without shudder- ing. After this I attempted no more to find a new way, but descended as we had come up ; and, before sunset, arrived at my lodgings very madh fatigued. CHAPTER IV. The author embarlca for Batavia, accompanied bi the uegro. — Chased by a cruiser.— Rapid vojagt. — Lands at Batavia. — Traces of its former splen. dour. — Prevalence of fevers.— The Chioeae popn. lalion.— Cheapness of provisions.— Safe anchorage —Abundance of sharka and alligators.— Conic quent danger of bathing. — Embarkation for Caii< tun. — Pleasures of the voyage.- Arrival at Macao — Encounters a typhon. — Proceeds to Wampoa, i^Reaches Cantun. — A disappointment. — Pur. chase of an English cutter. — The factories at Can. tou. — Shrewdness of the native merchants.- Number ol mendicants. — Their devices for exton ing alms.^-Chinesa idolatry. — The sacred hogs.- Attempt to enter Canton.— Opposition, aud r» treat. More than four months had elapsed since mi arrival at the Cape ; and during that period, noi opportunity had offered for India. My impa- tience to be away was now so great, that I de. terminedlo embrace any chance that presenter itself for going to the East, without regard t« the particular place ; and, on the first of August, the brig Betsy having touched in the hay, in ; short passage from -Baltimore, bound to Batavii I embarked in this vessel, taking with me tin proceeds of my vessel and cargo in Spanish dollars. I was accompanied by my black mai George, for whom I had contracted an attach. ment, which was evidently reciprocal. The day after leaving the Cape, we had i strong westerly wind and a considerable sea,. and, at noon, while making rapid progress on oui ' way, we discovered a brig standing on a wind ' across us, which we had reason to suppose wat a cruiser. As our vessel was a remarkably swift sailer, we decided not to submit to the troublt.l' and detention which a visit would cause, ani therefore kept steadily on our course, whiclr being towards him, induced the belief that m intended to speak him, and prevented the pre- paration he would have made, had he know our intention. When just clear of gun-shot, w^ altered our course two points ; on seeing whid he immediately fired, and instantly set afa getting up top-gallant masts and yards, an crowding all sail after us; but it was like thi,; tortoise in pursuit of the hare. Before dark hi^l hull was not to be seen. We had a continuance of the strong westerh^ winds until we entered the trades, south of tk island of Java ; and our arrival at Batavia, oi the first of September, in only thirty days fn»^ the Cape, was a circuhistance so extraordinai7| that it required the confirmation of letters whid we carried to convince the governor oi the fad: I took rooms at the great public hotel ; ai^,; here, as well as in other buildings in the city>1 there were traces of the splendour which hti' attended the better days of the Du^ch East Indi^ Company. The spacions rooms A-ere painted ii^ a tawdry but expensive manner, in red and goMl or blue and gold. The furnit jrc was as massi« AND COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISC8. costly as it coitid be made; a band of a en slaves always played daring dinner ; and {lultitude of servants, shabbily dressed, were tendance. Ev^ry thing about the establish- |it indicated an attempt at magnificence, which but ill-supported by the present state of ch commerce. lost of the strangers who then visited Batavia Americans ; and there were few or none of whose appetites required the stimulus of or who had sufficient taste for oriental ies, to be willing to contribute to them tier than custom rendered necessary. svia is built on a flat, which extends ten reive leagues. Most of its streets have of stagnant water, which are, doubtless, ig the causes of the fevers so prevalent as these are avoided by taking a residence six miles in the country. The houses lly are built of brick, plastered and white- ~. ; and the ^)artment8 are spacious and ^adapted to the climate. But, notwith- ' ig all their luxuries, most of the residents w, by their pallid countenances and emaci- I figures, that they are sacrificing health to Yet the certainty of this does not prevent iiturers from seeking their fortunes there, ently blinded to consequences by the eager- ' pursuit. Chinese constitute much the largest and [industrious part of the population. They bit the surburbs, and are said to amount to ty or eighty thousand. The domestics are |ij>ally Malay slaves, and are considered less docile than the Africans. The market tavia is well supplied with all the delicious which are peculiar to the tropical cli- Pine-apples in particular are very abun- and so cheap, that a hundred may be ted for a dollar. Animal food, beef and particularly, is, as in most tropical ies, generally poor, and without flavour. I are very abundant and cheap. The na- [here, as in India, live principally on rice, fb is very cheap, and much cultivated. The spacious ; and the ships ride with safety n, screened from the only vnnd which irgure them by seventeen or eighteen verj' islands, which are not less ornamental erviceable. The alligators and sharks are lumerous; and instances are related of 1 being upset on the bar, and their whole devoured by them.* Those whom busi- I shall lead to Batavia, for there can be no r inducement, will remain there no longer ^is absolutely necessary. [was very evident, soon after my arrival, [I need only be detained until I could take 56 for China ; for, though the comparative ! of the produce of the island here and in the [It would, tncrefore, be the extreme of rash- Uo bathe in the bay, though the heat renders lesire of doing to very strong. 19* United States offered a praUt ol one tnd a half to two capitals, yet there was no one of the several vessels lying here which could take freight, all having sufficient capital to lade on their own account. If I could have invested the amount of my property in a freight of coflTee for the United States, I should have made a very short and lucrative voyage. But my efforts proving unsuccessful to effect this, i took advan* taM o|f an opportunity which was offered in the slttp Swift, of New York, for Canton, after having ipent ten days at Batavia. Fot I was well aware, that though I might not be able to ship such bulky articles as coffee or sugar, there was no doubt of my finding room enough fer the fabrics of China, in which a much greater capital than I possessed could be invested so ai to oc- cupy but a small space. Having removed my ba^;age and specie finom the Betsy to the Swift, we sailed next morninf , the 12th of September, for Canton, in company' vrith two of the Danish East India Company's ships, the commander of which agreed to kee;^ company with us through the straits of Barca, for mutual security against any attack of the Malay pirates. Our ships sailed so nearly alike, that no day passed when we were not within speaking distance ; and when the weather was fine, and the sea smooth, which was often the case, we exchanged visits. The commodore had a band on board, and in the bright moonlight evenings, when the breeze was only sufficient to keep the sails from flapping against the roasts, and the ripple of the ship's passage through the water scarcely heard, the music of this band was so delightful, that it even now brings back the most pleasing associations whenever memory retraces the incidents of this passage. We were compelled by calms and the darkness of the night to anchor two or three times in the straits of Barca, but met with no embarrassment from pirates, or from rocks and shoals. It was, however, apparent, that although we had taken care to keep well to the eastward, we only se- cured our passage ; having taken the north>east wind so many days before our arrival, that we with difficulty gained the anchorage in Macao roads. The three ships arrived at this place within a few hours of each other, after a passage of thirty-one days from Batavia. The Danish ships, having agents at Macao, procured pilots and proceeded to Wampoa with- out delay ; but we were not so fortunate as to obtain a pilot, and were obliged, in consequence, to wait a week in the roads. During this period we encountered a typhon, which blew with such violence, and caused such a sea, that, although our yards and topmasts were struck, we parted a cable, lost an anchor, and were in danger of being driven out to sea; but, after drifting several miles, finally brought up with the other anchor. After the weather became settled, it was judiciously determined by the captain to remain no longer in so exposed a situation *, and* h" "* • K -^ il '3 having procured a fisherman to pitot us an far as Anson's Bay, which is a safe anchorag;e at the entrance of the river Tigris, we arrived and an- chored there writhout further embarrassment. Here Captain White received a letter from the ca{(|ldn of the Ontario, a ship belonging to the same owners, informing him of his safe arrival at Wampoa, and the exertions he was making to send him a pilot. He mentioned that he was in want of a first and second officer. This cir- cumstance appeared to oifer a favourable opening for me ; inasmuch as, if I could obtain the chief mate's office, Ihe privilege attached to it would ensure the transport of all my property. I there- fore settled it in my mind that this was my des- tination. Having waited three days more, and no pilot appearing, Captain White determined to go up to Wampoa in his own boat ; and I accompanied him. Soon after leaving the ship we were overtaken by a heavy shower, which wet us completely through. When above second bar, towards evening, the tide set so strong against us, that, perceiving we made no head- way, we determined to go on board a large Swedish ship, then lying at the bar, and there wait the return of the flood. W^e were received with great hospitality, and during our visit, were treated with as much kindness as if we had been conferring rather than receiving a bene- fit. We remained with these friendly people until ten o'clock in the evening, when the tide having turned, we took leave, and pursued our course towards Wampoa, but unfortunately, by mistaking our course and getting into a wrong branch of the river, were out all night, and did not arrive on board the Ontario before eight o'clock in the morning. A good breakfast re- newed our energies for pursuing our course to Canton, where I was the more anxious to arrive, from the fear that the office I sought might be filled by another before my arrival. We started, therefore, as soon as the flood-tide came in. Arriving at the Ontario's factory, I had the mortification to learn from the commander, that he had engaged an officer only the day previous. Thus this resource failed me. As I had con- fidently counted upon it, and as fancy, had been busy in anticipating a meeting with my friends at home under such favourable circum- stances, my disappointment was very great. The next plan was to freight my property in some one of the American ships ; a thing usually of very easy accomplishment, but, at this time, it was not practicable at such a rate as I felt my- self warranted in paying. It then occurred to me that I might obtain a small premium on my money to Calcutta, and that there I should be able to lay in an investment for the United States, and freight it from thence on better terms than I could make here. With this im- jHression I was contracting with the captain of the country ship Zoroaster, to let him have my money on respondentia, and to embark with him /or Calcutta. But before definitely closing this CLEVELAND 8 VOYAGES negociation, a little English cutter arrived i^ Wampoa from the north-west coast of Amcrici] and was offered for sale. This suggested to an enterprise which would be attended vrith i difficulties and dangers, but which offered prospect of fortune in proportion. As my tan alone were not sufficient to buy this vessel and t J put in a cargo suitable for a voyage to the nortl^ west coast, I engaged the assistance of Messnl D. Green and E. Townsend, of New Haven, aii| purchased this cutter, of about fifty tons burdo — two-thirds for my account and one-third foi| theirs — having abandoned my Calcutta plai She was called the Dragon ; but as my pap were for the Caroline, I changed her name cordingly. From the remnants of the cargo a Boston vessel, returned from the north-\re; coast, and such articles as I could procure froij the shops at Canton, I made up a very suitalri investment to the amount of nine thousaiu dollars. By the time I was ready to sail on this enter.^ prise, nearly three months had elapsed since inr, arrival at Canton, during which period my < penses had been moderate, from having tbJ good fortune of associating myself with thei mates of the Elizabeth's factory. The factoritj are handsome houses, built in the Europe style, on the margin of the river, for the commodation of those who have business rl transact at Canton. They are generally of tw^| stories, the lower being used as warehousetj They are whitewashed, and, with their resp tive national flags displayed on a high staff I fore them, make a very pretty appearance, former times the ships came and returned the regularity of the monsoons ; and the reside supercargoes, during their absence, welre permitted to remain at Canton, but removed | the Portuguese town of Macao. This routuj has of late years been broken up by the gaid of etiquette and the established seaso on the part of the Americans, who, coming: going all the year round, have inverted all ancient rules of doing business at Canton. In the rear of the factories, and spreadinga on either side, are the houses and shops of thd merchants and mechanics who derive their t port from trading with foreigners; a dense i active population, who evince a shrewdness! their deaUngs not surpassed by those Strang who traffic with them, and who are too apt4 treat them with contempt. The police of portion of the community is so lax, that thefts are very common, and rarely punishi^ An additional evidence of this laxity is manifested in the occasional practice of beg;; who extort alms from the shopkeepers by covi ing themselves with a coat of the most odour, and thus rendering themselves so gusting, that the shopkeepers, to prevent thei coming in, stand ready at the door with ttj contribution. Great numbers of the poor pop lation are born, reared, and die in small Ix AND CfOMMtRCIAI BMTBmVRISKS. Ivrdve to fiftacB ftrt long, which hwrt a iboo coTtriog to. acnen them from the ton I from tlie iademency of the weather; and other part of the worM, perhapt, is it ao rljr demonstrated in how little space, aodon slender means, man may subsist. Chinese are di>?ided idolaters, and ham ■nual show and procession for propitiating , ril demon. They have numerous houses Their meol- anee, and ratiim of the mrfo-.ity to the ahipkSix men left behind. — A mandarin op board.— Wea* thee the north end of Formoaa.^-Paas«§e aeitws the north Faciflc— InapplieabOlty of ita name* — Exponureaad privaaona of the ere w.— Renewed diaeontent. By a recent arrival from Boston, I learned that several vessels were fitting from thence for the north-west coast; and as my anooess de- pended mainly on arriving there before them, I spared uu exertion for the acconiplishment of this purpose. But for this information, it had been my intention to wait until the strength of the monsoon had diminished. To prooore a competent number of men was a task ot such difficulty, that» when apy one offered his services, I was not very irartieular ir inquiring whence he came, or how well he was qualified ; it was snf. fident for my purpose if he was a white m.n,' and presented an appearance of health and strength ; for it was indispensable to our safety with the Indians that our crew should be com- posed oi Europeans nr Americans. Moet of my men were deserters from Indiamen ; and these were generally the worst of a bad crew. With such as I could procure, however, I at length completed my complement — sixteen men liefore tiie mast, fourteen of whom were English and Irish, and two Americans. In the cabin we were five in number, indnding George, who acted as steward, and the linguist, making to. gether twenty-one. The vessel was remarkably strong and well-built; well-coppered ; mounted ten brass four-pound cannon; with a proper number of muskets, pistols, pikes, &c. At this season of the year the nmrth-east mon- soon was blowmg vrith its greatest foroe, and the current was strong in proportion. No tradi could be pointed out, therefore, by which we could arrive at such a northern latitude as to be free from the faiflnenee of the trade-wiud, which waa not fraught with difficulties and dangers. The most direct course was to pass between th« southorn end of Formosa and the northern ptrint of Luzon, by the Bashee Islands. But here the effect of such a sea as would be met, upon fo short a vessel, combined vrith a strong lee current, presented obstacles sufficient to dis- courage the attempt. To follow the track of Captain Meares, at the same season of the year, in 1788, by going south, and endeavouring to get our easting on the equator, would, doubtless, be the easiest method ; hot would unavoidably take up so much time as to defeat my object. The course which appeared to me to offer the best prospect of success, though attended with moredaiteer than either of the others, was to heat vf abng the shore of the coast ot CUnn. hi\ .■' 'W in tH»Vl*» AH»»'< VHVAHi'H I %\%U\\m \\^^^ Ym\\^ Jvu** n>w mi\\\^ m i\ m\mm ^ ^ M\ m.fimjmm\ m vwm, \ m\A tims \\\ 1V>. ft^Sy^ yH\^v Wv» \fiVr>s y)\Vf. ^>M\S)k \\\^ ^^^|\^» VW>* 1 " ^'^Sii^iV^i.Wy^ \N-A» VrtN'l \^T ^W \H\^i WW. i^m *1U X^tWW^ic 1^^ >^•ws v>w \y^^ n^^^^ lW ^\4N\|i[NS\Mky^ t6 \j*(*i*wyfi irrt^. * wwiVw yi\\i''wi w^Njiy^i tvs ivmtW *IW4 *K >^»Hlfc¥l*M ^f»»*t» ^'iW \V«l!^ SVtt^ V»N>W^i. ll^kVOk -^*-^^'*-^*^^-^^ ^«X sib lUlhifci \ k fchii -^ihh Akkkfe WUkk* tWVT TffTnWWlTfft^ TUT X^f"^pllWll HTWtW^. ?\W1 pPI * v^N'M, 'w>>K#[>^ y-w^iffufr, '•^ v^v> K*(^ i|p)»y>w^ !HV rtf H *»»«»-H»v Hlill) HI iti^H. t\m m\\ tr..)..,i •tHI^nK ♦!»«» UH Hiiiiil ♦♦•*♦ \mM Mtt* hIh.'.. .. m m m lit MiH maliiliiiti m\\ ilin ptlt'tH-Hw f Hl)!|i>l, l» l»i?h»|» >'rtini, *U' \«»'Ht ttltllttrij lit Iim ,i h»U'ii*^v m\m' lilt' HMt iIhv (ntilo, Iim.u »»»»» rt. Iltthf iiit'i^., »u» ilti'ii ttiif i^iiW'itt I lit I'. rtlt< ti^ wltU'li. m\\ \m\\\\ft flttii;' III *. «*• +> vrtHM rt iiiiiH. \\\ mm^t mmU m itHti,, n^.Hill, m\\\^\\ \\\ \\ m\\\\ nnl«h M\\k} m\\ H t.1.1 Ml»»>l, H»«l*»>ll Wltlfhllll* %H l*|nith «lllt ^Ir, ^tH.Hmui lltH miilirti miim>»»l. «l»tif' Mrtvhtl «»»tUi»>« p«l» HHp m\\\^*' iiiW M\\\\ \i m liiittiU Hhi^H |»ii »l>«i*lt, II «t| lUn^Mllv i>hUlht\ Al^lll I lUti dUt'll HH* li(h n-i/; l^t ♦«»* '»WMi, l\\»« Wl»ll\ hl'lll* Itttlll, lltHi I KH< *"» Itl U\it'i\ if \\\\\\ m $^\: AhH' iliu. \s* wv* nh^w tMtj ♦n «brt» Willi M»H ultut iv »»»»»» Mm Ol^Mf, IWWiHi III \l\k> llliltl VI'll !lll"«| \VM*'H V^ttll^^l**! Ml hmnfrtWHUlH llll'H'lllH Ht «i 1i\|« Wl^ll»»»l\ \\i IH l»«IH' tt HI*'** 1*1" unlit UHll jtK,. «t»Hl\v m\ jilt KitlU j «>; Ijihii »bi«IV»l ilm iiiKlH"!^ »v*^ t\ H>*t'tMti) nW,i»ti lllty rtiul hIIIH>' HttH miiini|t. »«t^K^>\ li\ nlmH*. A^ m\\}kS\\ wr Mil? Hilt, «>• ^i«H« itttl M lilt' A*\\^^ {A mvi mH^\\.\^% t'ltMlltlk'llllllV \\\ \\\Hf> wiM ttlr \\\Y> \sW\f y^n Ittrt Mtt» |ii«ti t«vVnltin. \\4 \^l^lt» t'l^ittf, Hbltth* WJrtlW. rtv I W IWt^HtV* \^t« «lt<^1»«t^Hlt MtrtllUll Vf ^K\«h\ rti\>^ w lilt tttttt>lt Ittlttttih : \\\m Hm\^sm wr W\^ <«llu ili»« \^^«mt»i^h| ljN| Htl«^\ *¥« W\^tt| IW »IWW» «l«l «MI«lt«H»ll W» vW \\\Y^ \H> rtfinH uittttt^k HH>< in^ftv i\ vm ♦»'»I«J Mv^ '•A'rtit^V \mit>ISy «w» ttli- n^t^i t» «»hllti li*r| iv ivs^Mn^lNm^n wsm w»w«» wtt* Ih ««, wm 1 1* : Xi^y\sv *^tii l^lHIst'ttt* »lttt^♦^\ltt^lt|■\l« A ("i|»r. ^Vv>t•*t^|t>^*. 01" t\tltt't-< \ i^ttivlti^t*^ Hi «t t^i y^H^v \^\\y^ t\sW[t vwv tttwt^ tt«tl\. litt«i»» jM'Of j <^y\M* ^^^v^ \^»IH^ «* m {\\^ <»ll\t umlv t^i*, rtxi^ %\ A *\m\^\'s A\\^ i'\m^\\^M\^ \mw il« vm\ w*\^H^t aaA 'fxswM m\s\\^^s\y\ ttii •i vt«V yhy>*l Wnlix Nm^ f\mfi( !thw¥ Ai Mlt^tl* wi ] Vtftt^ ^«y^. tIsK' \\(ty^ \>f*» mv ll|tl\i rtt^litt ' ^i V^Vv ^«l Hnms-*\^« *Vt(>« y'Wt \\\% »«n*. \vi»ulwHhik m\\ iti (ft »HlH IBM), «Htl Ml^tl f«");Nl IHwdHi'* Mif Uh/I, ♦•*H»'t.|Hll»tt) tllrtl. H« *>• llHd CflfflHl »< f«((f!h lit) thtr I 'itHl'l*'t^Hiilv (u| Mll*^ ♦h* ttf !»««:* tl))»f l»'t)»))»"» *'< iM-wrtJil ()f ♦l)»' III (If It'M »|(f' (ithl't'llllllf f fMiljil (f'l M'lMlKi^ l«r i(«<><|i llhi fl.lM) lilt' rltttHv l() Mi#« ♦■t^)ll»)|^, til *r«'ll ll))(»tt|}l|hMl ll)f «(lt'Ct'HlllK| Klj^llf, « llf^^^. ' »lti< iHHtl Nttit))***! t)» fJ'^y loiicif ) Mvi, lu l))tt tl>i«(i III. w>' i^hIhmI ♦•tHi fiiHf»» flirto im -♦•tlilH* llMt'il |n«)»(. m \Ui' lllMlillMtf tlf Ml>* tUfll rrh flUtt n (itftt li)>t'7»' ^Mlii frtif lioMli frtif, )((NM»((j ilirtH I )tt>l)l llll' '^\m>\ (ll)ll «H(H) Hh^'f Mljtllf A.M., lllllMi'tl H |lill)lf nllll'lt 0|))««))'tl (t) (i)> «t^w M I Utttldi itiH. HMll lit widl'll lll^H' >{\i\imt>li hi lll)H tliilii;)M l"t(it'illfl(|i)« wrtr fKumllijn. I Wl* WH^ ♦l»l|i ♦'lljtrtttl'tl, Mif fitff )-»t«it« HM Ulli'.f Mlf tcMt-l ulliiiitf MifHii'k.inmltlHl Ity Th»H «f )ii)M, utttl Hfiimt-MiMjr wltliiiDf Uni. NtNl rtiit l)»J))^t. (I)ir Infltmltt wnh 'ia„ |Hl). il)i« m«»m)^hI I'ltt^ Imnf ittnl rtiii'luif, «))♦! fi|tttlfi Nrtii, m uttiiiil off tti •crt, uti fur rt<« t(» CMnltlf iHi^rtMifUhU uliiittl m fli»« ♦i(i(iti )»»m WJ't-n ♦•tiHMimnMl liy fli** Hl^cfi L M)i»f wt» Itrtil ^»•(^)llrt^• tlilfn nfHIiin tinrtli ntiil l| nitil n^ HtiiMt MR If lihitnti fit ni*i Itt hut ^ m fitrt a«fh, wp tufljiliwl ntii'litif rtiiil !(»»- )«rtfln|t. Hot, tiKTiiitt M mIiiiH IrffKtiInf ncn rtf)»ml wifh, wf •ttntlit Imf liffld iiriiKrcxft fl))» )l«y ( utiit (Ml nnflfflly dlil f U t'lmi if In lit» »fft»wwl with rtti'kn ntiit ulionU, [U wiiiM Miif lt»» ti|t|ir(tnHiHl in fli« Misfit, V)f Mti' tttitif tiiiintiii'til: tlntti(i«r ttf InNlnit tmr It l)»»ni'»« llj« MfiWMHy rtf nmlliin am nh- ^, I f»»r ihtt tiljttilt iMtfuri* tliff tii»v t'U»pi{. ^W»»Wfil»«il III itnrtt^ MiU, lijr riiiiHlMK Iti wlirrc wm It Humlipr of jiiiikit nf uto'lior i mid I w»)»«itl«mltltt n(»ttl«»meiii, Itefore wliiofi up. |«l ft) l»n nk (iwk. I looit is Wi hud Miifhnrod, n niimliftr of vi *Uhtn t^mK htth m J lotf «« muHt^htt^m tnim Htif ht lUh |i!(tfw|»^>i« (fiM||jt««if*'*, ♦titf Nimttimian. Him mftf ^o«fl«^<| fo <||j«*, fijr «f(»(if<(i /tf wMHli j >d, H {U'tmiii mhh ot'Hhhli lU p(i»iit>*ii «/^^ «tf(tf|Mf|)r. <'fi)0<' up frt >(l»»i. ««d »Mt»rt<« *\ffiiti (fffft ll*" «(i((i(f(f f/tllort liitft l(( »»(»' tott. Uh nn* fiitifd UiHmUit'Mi hi rt ifmum^, ithn w«*, fl/tirtifl^M/ fltf Hi»o))i«(('l«(if( ««a fw, f«/'»f(|f »««rt*i Irt /irt«». pti'hNUi Uth tiU]N'i HtHitf ♦1*1', mn\f*'nifH iflifi. ^Iff ♦« nffrtflfv If. «f(d f<«iff(»v^rt ^^-tf ft ffz-rtf t-UtlUf. If (tfiiihftf^i/l M« If tht'nc pi'Hplf find ft^y^f l^^/w^ IhNi (I ii)i)fofl^(»tt f»f AffK-H^Wrt. tll^jr hHUfWIfit liKtt iH <'fywrt« l/» iUf thti. litiii ftrtrt HiMiti Uith^ kiuUiit piHhh. All l«f(oi(f. ttif fl(^ ??frt^ tVM (•(miidoiK'd J Mffd MMi Iht* nH'itn, whrt a/Hti ihfu Mijini^t fliid Hffi wf«» ^ ^rtMdld^iMWft «M»«. Om Mi^ fflOfflifilt /«f fff? 2lflt, f t¥M ^fft«lW# «uf|if(«»«d ««d dfllpM/'d i^ffb II hft'Pit^ i>pf^fifiti§tif tthtn ffif fioiiffi-wHf^ whii'U, ififfMitJfig rtf, A/Krtf, Htfififtiifd flifoiffjfirtitt »(^ ddjr. ntinnnfttfhfttmt-h dft ♦"fillr^Mlfli^ Itroitifr^f, fftfl* I fr«\t wiMi Ihft f»*«H^^ tfint wft hud n^wi ihti ithtni ht hut ptwnngij. Mrtf f was n/rt l^« ptft. Milfffd to Ifidolg^ *o |»1i«»irJfijt i lirtpf ) gg, fr^MTA Mxlit oVIock IM titft fttfefiftii, thft wtnd nWftiwI "(iddffily, l»t M s^ifrfH^ to tfn Md /(raf, ylolfnr'*'. Oil tlift arifli, wf «aln»«d ^frrisldfrafrty in (^ for^fioofi) loit townrd"! Hfolrtt thf wind in- fti'nnfA. Ao a« to ht\hf( hn iin(ft!t douhlft-f^i/M Mil*, fh^ filjtfit nnn rnirty and durk, wjth « toogh Ufa, Ifito inhMi w(> ftt>t<* p\mf(ihg, trtth. 00* ffrtfiloR nny flilvnntntff ) nn, \n tfift m^AlM, oiif |io»« wffft not wfll Kfiflf^-ffd, to paanin^ af«*l> « flight fls tfif Iflst, wfi eatoft to an^hrrr nnd^f tiM Iff of n rork, w.f.n nft«;f lotniiAt j whcw w« rAd« rfry scoiirftly ontli ti«)twr>An t*fi und «l#t«»»i oVIfM'k, whfo, the wind having lnr;f*^a««\ i\m\ mvw \\\ \\\\- \w\\m •*> \\\\^ nn. ^\\\\ w\ \\\ m \\m\>' \\m \\\\i\ .V- l\»>»' |U^» i^Ujl(>«> • rtWihIuj Mi \\**V\'.\v «y\^\»V< |l\«^ >\\\< m\\\ \\\\M\ \'m\\\ K*\MVw\wyH )\*\i \*\ »** i'\rt»l»> m *\>A\\\ \\\'^ ^m vmwsm^y m\m\w\\\ Mi ^\\\\ \\\y m \\Ws \m w\\^\\ VyA\v| V\\w M\i 'S\\\\ ^ \\\i^s\ \\s y»v *yyu\>\Oy )y ystw ™ » i M • 1 - ' ■ 1 1 ,1 I I 1 , .1 ■ 1. . . 1 ■ I 1 W S\ mvvm\yy^ wyi* A\ys\y\«» Wwm \\\\^ \mw U yW vvv>ys\yHk yvir S\\v '^'A\. >My*\yVy-»y\vW lyUA^vsyyy^yy* y»» l^y** ttH\>^vs^ mM yyys S)\\^ ^>\^\y. y^v^ )vy*y v#i^\w * v.ysy*Wy vnss W^^ ^^yy^ lyyyyK*. Ww w^^m,^ im '^'^WNW^ i*yy>^^ysy<, m\ vvy*y\» m\ \\\ vyyyy^^yyyyyy WWy mS^V ^\\v\ H\\; ws^y vy\v{y-\y yy»* \s\\\^\ \\s W^^vy^wy \y^^ y'-y^v* v m , w^v^yy ^^yv* »y\\v>., yyy>yMyy» »fi(*^v^ii1 \y*r. Hv't^ *\\ ^-Ayysv* yw ^\\v\m \\\ s\\\y\^ '(im % M^^ \\y^Wyy\v y^^sy^^^^y* a «yyyM\'^ v^\yv\\y^k ^^u ykv\ ^\yyyl vvHy^yy yy«MVVA* ss^ \v\ *ysy\'>\v'tyy \v-Aiiv^n <»svyyyv^yysyy'* \-^\\m\ \kv * ^"»\sViV\J(SyNik ^ssyyyt, y^yyy w***^^ wiy* ySy»\*U\v'yv>yv ^ViV' »wy \\*t y<»syy^^\ ^lyy^v ^*^ *% v^yvw^ "iW 'jys^\-*iVi'iA*\^ vN>; y\» y yyy\Wy^\ \ \yis<* ** V^WiWA SV" v^v^'ANN* V«y^^^ ^*1 *yyv'>\ <^v|yy^yyv^ yyyy ijy*iy^^ <^.*^w^ vA*^>«. \M^ ^^yyyyUw w»\U^ wsssM ^VA^^i *^ vv'tWi^^^irt'A yss * »v* \N^yy^y\ >y\y^yy^»♦ S^msA ¥ly^ V^W\ X^ vJ^X'i^^ v^W^'V y^N S\\^ y^wyyyyyih y\v \m- WM^ ^W^l^ii ^'^ W )it^W vysN«i \W» W^uh ^^Miyy^ ^v^ ^y»^»* WNMyytMyx >hv v^yy^ »^y>Nyyt^y»*yy\ iW yw«|?M <; v>vyy<5v^^yiy^\> \\^ \'*^\ ¥Wi m)i ii\^ V. W\" ^^ »y«*^ w^'A|i*'t lUliiM m' t't.j M|.l|l I, ti ¥MUMIf» \U \\{ «lMitlKl», jilMl RH ilrtthji imiillittli Hilil M ll|)|t H ttHM I tluiiH mitt)iiii|iHiM). wim] I W It'll tri' tij'it UM liHr) \m ti'ii!, \\i \tiii|li llu* Hlinjr P* mill ImHI itltiMtt *'> HJiitlt'tti-) III! htiif »< «im>it ««H till ^i»titi(liilii II ill •')! It'll. lit Mil itiK (iiiii'i mIii'IiiIU III mIhi'Ii u iIih I yiii'ii t H jtiiit'i' lit i|i."ii iiMii)', If H |iji)KiMH|t I'll! lit- (ill (ll.II| III III' U\ lih iiinIi'I* iif llii< Imii (ii ilt> ttlnllhllii; llllll y«>'ll< Hill IIIIII...II nl M Mlflf. h^i lli:il «Hlti||i. r, t<>tl III 114 mill' III liiiiii'inliiiiii. Hi'tl ^u< kIi.hIiI »ii llllll Hji'i illiili'i III!' ihh til lytt UiiiiH H llll)i< til «l||tli<.> \\\\*\ ulili'll lU lUll !«l tl 4 HI'llU'lli lii-HI • ti\ll|l<4H Imiltl ill!' I Hit Hill llf lll|l> lif III. t(Oii|> nil liiirtiil. mill liiliiiiii(.ij lit llinl llij' ii... Ill lIlK lintii HK4 \iiiiM I llllll ||ti< |i|l|t| lllii. Illll'h llllll II ll>lll ItttfttllH |t| (illiiiaiini \itl4 II' Uliiiiii nmiitti I iiiiililiiil \«M iiiHil l»ii\<.iiiii(iiiiili'il llllll III" mill oliiiililiitiit mill ltiti'ii|t IliK H|i|ii'iiiiiii(>i' i'HIiiiIu *t'rtl» III iiinili'iii iiii'ii «hi- IihhIHuI' «llllrtlinl III! Illl» »(lll' nl « lllll lljllKUlll' lit It «|j.t| ulll'll' Ul' llllll HIII'lllMI'lit llllll " ulllllll in I'll tiitti Ititil Ut' llllll HIII'lllMI'lIt Hill) Mil i. Ill H|t|(llli'lllly llilf IIIIIIK lIlKII init Kilii^ i|,llllllVIHIII<|i )lf|t»l'llll'll H lllljlll* I'llllh'it' iMn|u|| i\|i|iii IIihii Ifiillm^ liitt llii' i j*i«ilVHly I'liiivmi'il illit'illn'iMy\t\ltl imiiiv nl iIik iIukju-n ytlili'li ni"! inxlyy^y'i^ mil \\\ ii* \\s Ilii- MiIiihhihii. l«il Mii' IhxK m ItttHlliiit li» yyflml«it": iym\ «yl« limply yy»* liml h+i|iii'iiliy mily Iwni llymyy* y^i ttuM* lym! iIIh iml Hbrtvn ilit»>|ihiiliij fkHyy^iiyil; y^lV •>lmn*i y\i' yi»^. hHliMinlHyi \m^ \\\ »yylft»h \\\^ lyiu'lmnyp^ mnltly hikI fiilliiii'. tlyy» ilyyty lyiyil «myK liyy'M w* «Hlmmi, Hit' r ^yy»y'» v*i »l»'ilyiiiyll»m m» ihihmIhIii. «ml llic •••] *l»«llli>*. Iliti^ lli^ im»H» «m'i»nnlt»tl \^s'^\'\\ \\\ \\^\ Mill) t-nlil. Ii^mmtt «|iiii(« (llgli y^yyynh Miytti tlmlmt H«(> «itk»ilii| ty||li(, «tiV k lll'tljlUlllHli n>; r«»M J|lf>«t >•) Mild fl^(^MMtMNMHH Mi^f fHMtit^ ()m*U|««t». •»» ^tll|t•(((, ll(«» ((»f «1h/*> w«« ^h | i l«t )tltHI(((l M(lf' lit lifhui-fi I txr (Mttfltt )(( Mill ((♦»'|(«f((HH(( (^(«» (uHiif, I i «((» itind •(» ♦••(«(»< (litttff M(»> (Mf(«>, (((( (if m>l(|* lied (ll I Httlt (j««t(«|("l 'm ll(r<(M, I (((-(fhlrcti Mil*' (t((((il('*f *'t(((il((it ((If ««(rc «M((|t( ((lucllrtdft' KtlC ((f ♦!((' (-flMdHK (((((ltdK Ht Hitt *!»•<* I l<«it (•*(f(«l(«((llv (• (dWH (((( !»(( (»♦ fdclt »i«t(, nlM( «ll»hl»«(l »)(((l»l(t mui liM('(l ('Mi'lt ((l|(^^■ »'T('f* ff(( l(»f« fftt l)««nf(l ntnlfi f(ti, ♦l»»'r fcndll* rtHcdcd !« if, nio\ "(ftiffllufhijr m{M KM fh^ hpnt'U. 'h(^ lllr ' flip IftiiNldlrtfifK In HCf* lhc(d Wflu jilirtl H«^, '•'♦>••♦' l«('f*iNdlly ^t(rr»it((«l««i| liy ♦•H(W((i nfid ••|^|^ AifitnfWtM l(cc(ff((h ^<- iy If^k^tttfiih ntdl •"Hdrifhffnidc ) >)MW1>«i» ii Htfv ffidltl (difnin n, ftllt^r fmtd fltnti n # mi)(|t|i( hC fU'f«. 'nif» M^!tf ff(((ffilrtM, (;»rd(, FnHtHl Ut<» •»ld»»(«f'*«if ♦Id' firtt. 7(1 K'kkI- |nI idd IMNM (tf-WHf'd ttdtd, (tf (»li«f..' nffy, w pilde fif Jidlif'dni f(t h\n vtmtni\i*n,tn* '••• fldistlllly to tin. Iifld IH lil((i Into Iil4 i»rc tKttlldf), Hinillttt (Idttd ((I flm l((<(l('ti (in^ |«i Uli jHCkMi Hi If ld> wnttffd tn MirMtk wltlt N(i|t|m«lii)t li(« (((iKttf tin ({(•(iiifcfl liy fl(«< ri to oiiikt* ROoiK )(ro|(Oi«iil, ( (t«oi ()!«■ I>ni(if , Ult« «hl«f tiiMtd, mid wHfi UtHttM/ti itnd fhrt liol id tm Mm. Old Will ^V iftot w«(« th« «)»/«l(( '((( HItf ff-f^df ♦I/' ■»«* ttf-hiiHiU'lfif ^tf>i'i0l( .(ff, M(d li^ii^^^^^^'li f'< !<" «'« ffd/'-^l ««1f#'«^ff 'ff l(l« t'liHiiHiL nui^ tiiHmhti •/< tmit »« ''^t(#v* If «fl lf( f(»fi(f(', fl(«f f f^(/t#'^^ wff« "" f«^^ « iKoxdfffid" «^((('/«f lit m ifftt* uwUfiiMilHti'M (|(('» / ♦f(«H('d("d( ff'((f( ft(« h*"t'' ^iniiHtmi tt^iH il^ti I\INU •l(M(. ( ((( l(l« IdfditA. M^ «1«'' WHim*t*f( iilh ^f^ff-f, ^i fii^ff'^nti hmti, I ««w «f| >V- 'df(^(«»/»///« fff# l((»«f, f {hm^Htf/i ihf'iii <*'f'< f^t'M.fiiHVtfi If fhhf HUHtipflil^ in Hl1itnUht<. tUf ihUinifif-Hf ^Uh w/ifc if t^if mit «*^»'«i '.^4/ f^^(''*'«* (t^ <(lf»f(((M !!((»♦ ff'^y tmffii'rt fit M(^ «fr'/M ^i^/r. M(i« / htiuiHthii ih M ffc! f(^'if(/»c MuiHt^tif ti/r (>"ffl((«{ (d/ >'(('(( M(( f(drtf/f ((« Hi/ UiM. tllliiii' i f\tj{^fd'^ (»f((1 nH'my, f hf/i f.lv^^|('(»(1 flofdZ-rtTdnn. 'th\% miiUt pii^mh)f iM^ f»r.ff|f(ij inf ldffdfl((ff, (iffY'(rfpf'-(f f(f ffrmt' WHUi- '«((f l((')((|t ('(tiled ) nttti wiipn Cf^(<»/!(1, h* >»Wm^- (llnlMv dp^dPrt Id* ^liWpprt knUf, anil ffft-tfil^jf ydrtcidjt fd»*nfd'» fhf* l»(dit, flfr^(!f (•«<»/! Ww i^Hfc Ifisfftdf dpnf Ir tt l(^ (iff^'tfrjyf c(1 f/» pufit Idm, / f((Cfi lf>v( ll^/l my mdrt^f (tf him ; Iwd \wn\nnt\y f^c«il^cfid<( fl((»f w(* h(r/f aSft^nAi npfttf^A fnun »«dd((t?( frt m^\M\t> Ih* vri^l Wdfi dn/dtfy, 4(*. »l*ted ff(rW( ^r(fi^ if, (Wd MtiftipA h» hrttifH with nil hi(f M< i hr»fr)(.(J fhdl, ♦I'iffj d IM(1a /«('-. Ih^r df^lfiy, iv/« *hf»((ld f»lrf(tld ih^ 6fh^ f/rtrC, (if whicti ( Wdi rt^ilfws, SfCWHSfif^f, mm itiHTii' ld(t, ^c^ImiK fh^m «j(n"(ii tm Iffie Wit*h, f if^fiii M Ihf m, nfrnM n* h«J retreat to the shore. Between ten and eleve^^ o'clock, the wind continuing to be very ligbulM we discovered a large boat rowing towards \h'. which I supposed to be the same. When at^l short distance to windward, they left off rowiiipif and lay on their oars. Their manceuvres an ] number of men led me to be suspicious ; m I therefore loaded two cannon and seven muskets. They, however, probably from seciii; we were not off our guard, returned towards tb shore without molesting us. With various winds and weather, we dii gently pursued our course to the northward, i >'| we got out of the influence of the monsoon ; ait jj[ on the 11th of February, had the satisfaction s ! seeing the north end of Formosa, bearing soutli distant ten leagues. Thus, after thirty-one daf of great toil, exposure, and anxiety, we had « complished that part of our passage which U J been represented as an impossibility, and whid with a fair wind, might have beer, performed i three days. On the 17th, we passed between the nottiJ 9nd of the Island Lckeyo (which is nearly foii|j hundred miles east of Formosa) and seven^ small islands which lie to the north of U, witliij gale of wind fri>m the westward, and undur i head of our squaresail, having previously i|t the topsail, and got the yards on deck. 1 1 AMD COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES. S6 i 1 manuscript chart of the North Padflc, jih, I was convinced, was not to be depended ^ having already discovered two islands thfft I npt laid down in it. And as the gale con- to blow with violence, till we had quite .J the coast of Japan, the nights, which J long, and exceedingly dark, were passed in pless anxiety, lest we should meet destruc- i from some island or rock, not laid down in t chart passage across the North Pacific proved jrly enough the misapplication of the term ^t sea, as it was hardly possible for it to be ipeaceful. The violence of the wind gene- ' obliged us to show but very little sail ; and jjea was so boisterous, that there were but [days when we were not enveloped by it, so the fire was repeatedly extinguished in the ose. 1 be men who composed the watch on ^ never escaped a complete drenching, and k constant employment in carrying their I up the rigging to dry. The exposure .ivations, though not sufficient to hijure ^alth of the crew, were much greater than ■ had ever before experienced ; and, as they Ined that the other passages were to be ly fatiguing, they formed the design (of Ji I had notice) of deserting, as soon as they i, after our arrival on the coast. CHAPTER VI. lean coast.— Precnntiont against the naUvM.— rfolklsland.— Trading with thelndiaui.— Their Itasiic appearance. — Disticctivn badges charac- riatic of the must rude states of society. — Traffic |»kiaa. — Curiosity of the natives. — Arrival in Itham's StraiU. — Indian fortification. — Hos- appearances. — Departure for Steeken. — jjb cauoe.— A chief entertained. — Extraor- kry request .—Desertion of a sailor.-— {lis re- tation. — Indian mourning. — Abundance of y-fowl. — Chilcat tribe — Warlike indications. Ml »unken rock. — Perilous situadon.— Painlul lerval.. — Escape.— Romantic anchorage. — He- rn to Norfolk Island. — Onttetqna appearance [the crew. — Successful result of industry and leverance. — Charlotte's Islands. — Warlike ?. — Ingenious Stratagem defeated.— Indian ^iiette. — Preparations for return to China. krly in the morning of the 30th of March, iw the usual indications of land, drift-wood, and gulls ; and at ten o'clock perceived [•now-capiied hills of the American coast, re leagues distant. We immediately set all Is to work in bending our cables and get- fup a bulwark, wliich we had been prepar* of hides sewed together. These were at- ed to stanchions of about six feet, and com- jtly screened lu from being seen by the jres, whom it was important to our safety to in igtturancc of our numbers. Towards evening we anchored in a snug harbour aft Nor« folk Sound, in latitude 57o 10' north. Here the smoothness of the water, the feeling ai safety, and the silent tranquillity which ragged all round us, formed a striking contrast to the scenes with which we had been familiar since leaving Canton ; and would have afforded posi- tive enjoyment, had I possessed a crew on whose fidelity I could depeud. The following day was very clear and pleasant. At the first dawn of the morning we discharged a cannon to apprise any natives who might be near of oiur arrivaL We then loaded the can« non and a number of muskets and pistols, which were placed where they could be most readily laid hold of. The only accessible part of the vessel was the stern, and this was exclusiveh used (while it was necessary to keep up, the bul- wark) as the {^gway. As it was over the stem that we meant to trade, I had mounted there two four-pound cannon ; and on the tafferel a pair of blunderbusses on swivels, which were also loaded. Soon after the discharge of our cannon, several Indians came to us ; and before dark some hundreds had arrived, who encamped on the beach near which the vessel was anchor- ed. As we observed them to be loaded with sldns, we supposed that we were the first who had arrived this season. With a view to our own security, as well as convenience, I directed my interpreter to explain to the chiefs, and through them to the tribe, that after dark no canoe would be allowed to come near the vessel ; and that if I perceived any one approaching, I should fire at it ; that only three or four canoes must come l\ a time to trade, and that they must always appear on-' der the stern, avoiding the sides of the vessel. With my own men I neglected no precaution to make escape impossible, but at the imminesi risk of life. While at anchor they were divided into three watdies. One of these I took charge of; and statioliiBg them in such parts of the vessel that no movement coidd be made undis- covered, obliged them to strike the gong every half hour throughout the night, and to call out, from each end of the vessel and amidships, " All's well." This practice so amused the In- dians, that they imitated it by striking a tin kettle, and repeating the words as near as they were able. But a more hideous set of beings, in the form of men and women, I had never before seen. The fantastic manner in which many of the faces of the men were painted, was probably intended to give them a ferocious appearance ; and some groups looked really as if they had escaped firom the dominions of Satan himself. One had a perpendicular line dividing the two sides of the face; one side of which was jpainted red, the other block ; with the hair daubed with grease and red ochre, and filled with the white down of birds. Another liad the face divided ^vith k horizontal line in the middle, and pidnted 1 lade #1 I"! ■ {■■ ^ ', ' I J' H rUt.Vt'lANli H VHVAnt-H lli»'mi\i»»UltHi>u\|iviHj \\^%\\\ ihi» iyhrtiiuiilyiw t\» \^\\i>'i\, \m \\m\ l>rt\«» Vvv|y\K AM y^W'" Mrt>^^ H-t)»iiw> «\m>^ \\m^ %\\\ .,... u V ^VM^M '»»Mh» iV,\^\A\.- •Iiiw-t) wH.^ rtb> \*)U,*>yt.H , ii\V. " . ■ " 1^W\^\\VVi\V. \\h^.-v>, \* U\>\l|ii oi'.-lll 'iW^^i '^ ^' ■■ ' ' ' U \Vl\* m\\<' S\yS\\\\\\o\\\y' \\i^ \^<\\\\\\ Allli't'. \\\M\ 1TSM A \V»v^\ VV^^\ \\\Wf^ m«U M\\ \'^W\S *h>*w 1^ imm H\\x\ ; A\\\\ \ \;\\\S\S\\y\y\\ W M rt »\Srt\^i\AUIV . y^'ftv \* vi*'^^ rt* ^t y^»*»-rt\\yo »UvV 'iVV Wl'in^A \^ MS \'<\\\v\\\ \S\M\S\tA h\ \M\ \^\. #^S\^^\hW \^\^ i\sy \H\A\ i\\\\s\ \^ V^Vl•M'?\^>\^^^ ^^^■'!^S\^tv^ ysv Ult^U lN\H WS W* rt^ W^l|k ^v^-j^v y\\y^\ \\^\o>\ '•Vyt^ ^S\ \)i'^Wr \ i\\\\S %\\\'\\ Vv^MW'iY*\W^V\ \^« tVA<^>\Sft', \\\rti \\v \\\ji\\^ \\r ^kh )^w\\kk)^ Vtl tVrt^ WxN\v iViAW nWN V\\^\»^\r<\ xy»«it^, m^nVry*. vVywviT' iM Vl^, wW fT*t^ iV>WV' 1^^* ^*i\\\ tv* i^vr 1Wlf*iyj>»f.W tHt, VtAA ^\ Wii^W N\Vrt>VM NN'iirS'lW mhi, Httitttjit, rtitti Hillili.'H, lirttl. ctiMiti^,] »rtUlh)» m^ «HfhH« HI \\\V |lt)M«, Id InMl, ! hH lltt* lli'rir ll»i||||»< I ll-lll Ijlllti til l»||,.!ll, I Hlt'ltl, 111!- H>»)l( \x\\\\\A h lli'llllrlll lit til I., lilit>l\ > li.ini. Itittiit'iitMi.i lt|K-l tl.HtlllHli (U-llMltHltl>l«HlUlll|HUi\lt'l 1 1 i'.im^|«(tiH WtlOlilU It'll tetfill, tl<( llllUMlltllid f! UllltMVt'lt* llllill'l lilh »rbltl, hlliHtttMl III IlilHl ivrtiliitt mmit* lii'tifli^^iv imiiiti ItHiit* III |tiil lllt'OI' ll|l|lt>rtttMl. llnHtMtl ' It*' I'rtimltif i\l liililUtt .lilt' nl llii<.tii.»>>lir Ki ItlH ll. illhlHl ill l\|t' lilt!, lilMt UttlNti'll li rt iiUlilsH, f(rtU' II il jlllw III Hiittin. itiiil I. .1(11., It!, Hllll UttlN ,^ , - III ttllttlll. Illltl I 11. I.I lift jlrtU'lll«, »li\tl Himi'!i>ri(Vn lie I'^i-ttt^iilM j|ili')i*i'ii rtn.l nirti.^hii l|)i«j rtll Niinii m'(i\.' l\»u|nW liU'.niit«iilHi»'h til M)ti rtH'ltlhlil, HK I •' ii lUiil lllnv I'liiuUli'tt'i It. Ilih iiii)tit liiii lit iiiiiiDitl «Miur<| ii\>n \U\|iitt»^lMwl, nil lilt' nil rtiiil mil, IlirtI IM «ltn«' nl iMi« wrt* iit^mlv >*tlirtinlfil, ivt* Khluic rtm-lini il\t« iii-xl in»\Hir»t|t, rtinl. |millti|t nit )t< i.'Uiif Willi llit'ii)iH\t"^,>»ltit'U't| m rt llrtiinH' \. ^rtpiif III rtii •"rt^lt^iiv »lli».'t>llniiv Mil ivf H»Hvt'i|ii ll^nl I'VU'iioliv* «niiii»|\ii\lrlt Vrtlit>n(t\t'» l(rtm<(illi rllrtlllrtlir* SltrtlH. Nt'rtlly tl(H*rt«l(t< It* lj|»« \s\y III* iiiln il^t* «n»ni>) !'• tl*** illlrtpr nl llnitiUhtiln' \\\c \^y>c \\>(: llrtti IllM Urtllfil ivlllu rtllii licit' Ml x-ms^ \\\ >:M\m\ Sl»l>»inl Wrtlllr'tt l«HHIl« Hrt'i ««j \\\\\\ \\% ^livnv vvHv lin '♦Kliin III lii»» vlllrt^tHj \\\ \\\\^ \\\\-\\ \^\clr|i;^A'>«linin«viU hfOiHIIj HMHliiitJ II \\r >'rt«n» ihWt rt)hv*i III ♦iilci' 11*11 lltiJUi lli'l Av\\\\ llA\Y \lWlll\. \\y'^ \vt» |lllll|l>l) H lltn il 1\\\ll^|V^I »M»I l*lll|»IV y\tllH-lr '*klt tllll< it*Hln«[ HW MWI* WV«* llMllllt'll M> \\f\r> IvIIIk llrtVlnj, 11*^**11 Illftw-Hirtl \\\ \W liii^lrtii* IllttI ♦lif»i» ^^«j «hl^ IW MtwI. VllN \w IV^llli>< \\s l«< litiii, tl«,lJ ^^|^x^llll\|il M\r MWiiitl. wv uttW liM iinl iiutii* lltttn W\^ A\s\i\S\\ K\w\\\ \\%, ^\\\\\\ rtlVl «t* «r Ivrt^-iWxl lv\ Tt^^MrtlM Ut^wrtli, t^l' %\\\\\ nilm. U\^«^MI. \\ll»\ \\^\\ %\\\\\A WW \\sv t'tmul Ml It-mil m^MNI^I \w\\\\'<' ll«v mitl \\llt<, ImvlllH llvt'll \»'L M\«ay»a|\\\, WA* IH\« »« llW Wttv It* Ul»> *.m\A \\iSl>< \\s \-\MiusU>lv l\l* \>i\ltt\«. i\i\»l Htvh In If*'/ lW «HVS»*. \w »l\*>«U\M\ni ll^rtl tvll VI"»«t'U \wA ^\\'\sm\ V*" t^W^M^i»'l\»^»l '(www IVwIoii I\m ii< ^'iXUkl llll* «V*»t\« Wiw iIm» \in\mi\!*ll»Mi II wm *>tltU»«t, ♦Itiii' \\^>HlW I'^'Xi^WW »*ll 0\IV I'l^Ml* \W \\\%'^WV(' \\\ i"<. *H^*i^V» \M iht^k^*' *tU«iilt^v \\w »^"«| X.^HK^N^y !i^yM\^«i »>s tl.-l" H IHH Mit'HI. ■ ' ' ilillhtMimMhltniMi. Ih l)Hni. iKHtlhilliil, th.mUt'<, »'^t**, !>'' I'I'tM ^ M»f WHtllit'l ' , imi> »uiih|it'ii II Mlttlll. llIlM l''l|l'" it^Vit hi' i'^i'»'>'illi»!''' I rtii -imtH H't'H\H l)(> rti>i-|t)h»l, Hn I " I \i. \\\^ rtiijtiH'. iiH» UUtiH>ii"ll ^^tt" «" 1 itt miihml irtUiiM llhrt^titttlli.MtrtMluj l»iU»*<>"i^. ^^^ l^t'll*!'' rt«ii, j»rtlH>i)t nit Hi" t I'll (111 rt Mrtit hW' |iiiij »)4H Hll «»' KHHiMi \rt«t'iii(U'« hBio-rtll' HJUM^MIl' ll» >h»« 1)1" llrtpt' nir Ui«»iUHrt'ii"j li X'fMs I rt«il li>')i' "j ^ »« Ml>* vllU<»i*j Ihif \\t» \mi^^ t» HiH I '*Ki» M\^ (tt*Uhi»| « \\»»^f Jvl«H \m\i i^W «>>♦ »«>«♦* ♦l<«l'| j«. «sl' i»l»l|^ WH»«. ii(, l»«,V<«tt l»V»'« <''! « x\ttv h« 0\»> "»i'ii'i >, ^\\\\ \\m\ <»» l»~*l h«th'« V»'«M>U «W*I \v»^« *»V»»U'«^ «i«i' H|ih»«\icrty« »<< I** mitiintHf (• fhttN t'OiHifMHtloM, Ntttl nlll «t« UHf t»<«!lH hi H(IM|l(»«f, H»ltl ilH»'|< »t»tll(, ♦♦Hit .litltt tthlfh'H HlMiln 111 11(11(1 nill'h l)«T«« Ml) lnlii>j» Ih IhiI|», Hdil «l(ifi*l((tt M(H(ii«»«lv»"« IH Hhij Vh)i«Ml III llll< Ull'U lif I^KIIj' M«« IIik |ll*«l nii»<((l4. IH liiM(i)tli'ttT*" til' I'rtiilrtld M(»iii(((. «»• nftti il»i||(i|r ttliii((tllii' ttt'ilt'di «m I'rtditf, nllli hihdlr (Ivf ttiiHliKu, lii ^n» ^ntdifhli lid, itiiil well Kddt'il. H lifCd Itill 11 ilditl I Idle dCK^ HO \)i'htt> J)nd<< Id li»*t ttitvc It liddl oliiidf, iiiitl |tn«t- l^^idili llif NJiitti', 111 I lie urtdif lldtf iIIn- '\ \Mi idlddifU Id lld« lilt, mill iiivldx piidv Mim Itt dlftlil. Mdl. iiK 11(1' tiild-r Hlllt whli'll wh nt'M. Iinilldit illil Hdl II diti rvldcf ntijr ffiif, I fiidlil iitil Ii(<||i itljt •<)tdit< dlt-nlititi'di, Hdil Itii'ti'l'iirt' ddiilc lind, ttdtl kfhl ftt'tir diiid t(d llif iilcrl. |ly Idtif «d hddf li'ml t'liifdiftl nflci flii' » Iffl di«, wlifK nf nitnld rniw lict I'tuit Jliiiitttlfil Ity Iwi) iillit'M tif ci|dn| (l ♦dwntiln ilif Mditf, WlllUl (liix wnn hllft' iitif lldKdlnl, Id mi Ity hlni, hnV «lt« nidi HCiticld'il lildi t'lidiKIi'inlily. H' Hliiiiiii'd lid' lidllndK, «ldt. no If ('KM. I liilfdilpil tdlfu'lili'f idt IIm'Ii imil, "nn- [\[ m my*, nti llti-y Idiidfillnlcly Kci/(.|t Hlctl Iht'lt iiidnki'lN III d». Wlli'ddit ((>. lum IIKI'll'M «(!« Mil' l>!l||MI!«dtC, I Imvo- } w\t.pA mill |d)ldli'il n lilddilidiiN n( IIiIIp, In M iiioiiK (II, (IcKijtr, pvi'i km IIic In M( iit» iltit* witli till) hitiiikclcKcki'il nMit itllt^t htit, lltiliiiiiili'ly, lldiM^ ttldi itiH. Ii« puMitt nitnrteti iliciiiielvcs lu g«l viit (it mt thHi'U, mi «(H ntmn Uiftfimd iUf dW>«<««# Mwfcd »•(♦((«♦ «K ffuii min iiftfimf^M HH n itit ^t^ht {Mt hum ♦»ff^ « I(HI<'«Mh|, w^n/Im Ik Hd'td li)e> <;«««*• of III" Hinm, ntiti lifvittftl Kicdt lij Ifli \Ui'\t U\Htlin, ll(«f. If ||i(7 *tuutl I'Ktdc K^jM (lif titHMi ntmnfOi fld/l wNlciK* «^(fm, «»! «TKd((( iMti*" »r M|( «l(^f«, Id M(>rrt«'f( wkkI/I c«^^^< WliCM wiMilM llBll* III*"/ w^-^*- fttidMod^d fo Hmn itK MMtr^c ( idif ifify imnlnit'ii Id w/lrNd^-ld^, flM ({(♦•T finw H(fl( wf w^^^ lutUiUutt n Humtt iti I {(fid. tliftf ♦fit'M ^•'fMf««'jA/i ' td^ltlffttlilf (irtdNl Itddy d^ (Itftn kf|»t nu tUii iliKff «lt^ffl'rtt, nii/l aluo tftui I'f lltflflittfldf vctf f/>w ttkldti. ii-uihii Ut t'hutititi ii\i< Id lilt- liclTff, lltnl fItMf IdOdtlddi utt-tf /ffld- t'ltltrvKdi. Mdt, wh«♦(•T^r d<«y littyt* l»^/•d fliH^ (lp«|)td( we jitiftcti ♦♦iMt ♦Id'tfi, «« wt" li«/l (Jwrrft Willi Kllipt- irihen, m ftlftdlly tfrtdn. Odlfif iMli, nlillf «lt>PHti||, «< WP ti(t|dly Kfuldd*. l'M»"t|M-(tc(||y, uuf tif filM« VWy p^rAH^ pMa/II nttlvcti Ilic n^tl ddv, In n mikkp (|rrifft M lKd|t ii« (Kjf vPUDft, KMtt tirriflrriPdfPd tfclfh tlftitfe^ fnrvfd ftjtd^f Kf A wnfflKrttfi flift fnn^, lh« h«td Kf ♦vhicli finn (lifrttdfpd wifli fp«l Unit, AfM Willi H MiUfdtPKf erpn^f ntid rn\ t»/'lirf, «n4 i^Ni ♦vliilc (lond Kf IrlnU. tlipf Mff wm n rU|fiHi«til, XKK(|.lKKl(ldj{ fKHK Kf nl(K(if frtffjr-flvp. Jitt tvna iM'(KMi|indl»'(( liy fwpiity-fwK •dilffic yMingtntin, ♦♦Id) ii|i|ii'Hr(>«l Ik liniitllp tliHr |)iulr within a cable's length of the shore, (latitude 59** 30' north. Here, sheltered . the violence of the south* wind, we lay in Bth water; but, owing to the boisterous of the weather outside, only two canoes to us this day. wind having subsided during the night, succeeded by a calm. This being favour. I for the canoes, they arrived in surprising era. We had witnessed nothing to be red with it since our arrival on the coast. Bg in divisions of four or five each, by ten ck twenty-six were assembled in the cove, I of which were as long as my vessel, and from twelve to twenty-eight persons making an aggregate of about five hun< sen, all well armed with muskets, spears, ers. They were unaccompanied by their and children, and had but few skins, was a certain indication that their inten- (were of a hostile character. 11 be perceived that our situation was le of great danger. The calm continuing, ~ it impossible for us to retreat ; and it Bvious, that if they attacked us with re> [>n, their great superiority of numbers . enable them to overwhelm us before the 9uld be reloaded, after the first discharge. ly alternative, then, was to make the eparation in our power for repelling an and to sell our lives as dearly as possible ; men were all convinced that death was |y to be preferred to falling alive into the of these barbarians. Accordingly, our were all loaded with bags of musket Our small arms, two muskets and two for each man, were also loaded; and kes placed at hand. Indians passed most of the day in their keeping at about a cable's length distant our vessel, continually endeavouring to ie us to let them approach, by the assur- fof having a great many skins. Our own at the same time, with lighted matches, day at the guns, pointuig at them as Itered their positions ; whil^ our linguist '^ing to them not to advance, on pain of action from the great guns. In this hostile Ideeach party remained all day. In the |loon we observed two large canoes to go which, returning before night, we sup- might have been sent for reinforcements. vf had been a long and anxious one ; and I night came, we were rejoiced to see them fa. shore, haul up their canoes, and build fires. They remained quiet during the , excepting mocking OW' watch, as each BUT was called oat. Qufy next morning, ' there sprang up a breeze from the northward, when we got under weigh, and proceeded out of the cove, the Indians begging us to remain another day, and promising us a great many skins. We had scarcely got into the broad part of the sound, before we met two war canoes, each containing twenty-six men, well armed, who were on their way to join the others ; and for whose arrival the attack had probably been delayed. Of these I purchased four skins in passing ; and they were exceedingly anxious we should return and anchor again, assuring us of a great many skins. On perceiving their persuac sions to be of no avail, they showed evident de* monstrations of great disappointment. But I discovered afterwards, on falling in with the EngUsh ship Cheerful, Captain Beck, that they were instigated to attack us by a greater stimulus than their cupidity, namely, a desire for revenge. It appeared, from Captain Beck's account, that his ship had run aground on a sand bank near where iWe had anchored, about a month before ; that, while carrying out an anchor, the natives were seen approaching in great numbers, and, he had no doubt, with hostile intentions. He therefore called his men on board, and prepared for resistance. As they advanced towards him, he cautioned them to come no nearer ; but disregarding the warning, and still approachiig, he fired over them. Thu not producing the desired effect of intimidating them, he reluctantly fired among them, and supposes he kiUed and wounded several, as there were great cries heard, great confusion in the fleet, and an instantaneous retreat. Captain Beck had left Macao in September, but had been little more than a month on the coast, and had not met with good success. • After leaving the Chilcat tribe, as above men- tioned, we steered southward, till we reached that branch of the sound which runs in an easterly direction. It was deemed advisable to sail up this branch, and round tliose islands which are called by Vancouver, Admiralty, Macartney's, and Duke of York's Islands, visit- ing the several tribes who inhabit their shores, and purchasing »\\ the furs they had collected. For having at this time (19th of May) nearly expended our articles of barter to great advan« tage, it was requisite that we should make pre- paration for leaving the coast, by getting a supply of wood, and filling up our water-casks. The next day, while steering to the westward with this intention, and going at a rate of about two knots, unsuspicious of danger, the vessel suddenly struck a sunken ledge, and stopped. Perceiving that she hung abi^^ihe midships, and that there were three and a half fathoms under the bows, we immediately run all the guns forward, and carried out an anchor ahead ; but the tide ebbed so rapidly, that our efforts to heave her off were ineffectual. We therefore heeled her on the side, whence she would be less likely to roll over. At low water the p(wi- ill 'Sfii . w SI) ri.ftVfttAwn* tttttt rtf ttiR tMlel WMN finch an to iimiH ttiit f><«hti> l^mwt'tttthM ttiitt dhf frtUM popNtii' HlltflM*. she hiHtit hy rtJmut; ftiiif fr««t mH»tl*(il()<», linvitiR «Hil »r U hrliiR n-Mlil fitUlh-rM »i) finpiMt ffff AhnVp the twh. TItl'i ittii»IHt»it. i'mihIiIuciI nl»tt * trt»k hrl'ltrt KtrtHthrtMl, n-ittli'tnl IHiiiiiMniHilf to ntftod 00 ilprk. We fhftrtViP |tnt n itiniiltfi- 0f hrnHfit tnil«l<»'(« liHo Ihp liiirtf. mitt |Hr|tnti'(l ftot mU'h t-fsUtmu'*', In rni^p of Iti'lni? «f)iiclp Itnttipillntp )mtn|iPrt ttf tosttlto oOf Vp«»pI. nnti Hip tiph Prtt-no nphitti p»iI IMpu wHh no toorh t'tH, \\\m from Hip n|i|iip- h*«MoM of h\>\^\f^ «h««rovpfPil In fhls i|plViipp|p'»n ilnf>« hy noiop oiip of fhp hontllp tillip«< liy nlilpli ¥ffi Wpfp !001iiom1»'il. A rniiop nf Hip Inipfpsf «liiM, t^lth tlih ty «ni+lotn, wpII nrtopil. Iiiol lpff «« ttot oiovp thno hnlf no hour IipOiip npstfiirk. who ttp^'p oow |np|"Ofptl ft-oio upplnit ii« liy hAvltin: imitspil t-ooiiiT no tKlntol. Rlionlil thp 1MM«»»1 hllg;»», thpi-p ptlufpil (iPrttpi»ly noy oHiPt- «h*nr (\ir thr |iip« «|i|m- tvntly nlopuWh nilvnopp, whilp I Involootniily wnnnltpil my v«tph, tliplinotW of wIiIpIiuppoipiI tsii h«\Tp i\^i^\ttpn to inovp. In thl« onliiOil In- t*»'V*lk I lu>R1 noiop llttip ilmp, xvni'p hi^Kt, hy trtkln(( n «Kptt>h of tlip linritt-il. rtvw itlMfttlon of iny piittpv, nt low wntpv, ft'inlofr th*t \\ Wight noon hp lipyood my power to give MW^ «vWi»n<»p of \\<'\ »ml f\ue. At kngth, the wrttpi- hnvlng rtowpil over the r*oiiM\tnK« of the hntohen, whipli hml heen >'i\nlk. t\ rtttWh In nntl<»lp«tlon of H>,l« event, withont tny Iwiiientloo of \\\p XTnuers llOlnp;, I wnn tle- Hw^mtlnfr on the propriety of putting i»w«y the WMt, when we perrehTil \\w to he ri«in». She wxsn nl^ipr righted «onineh, Hmt we ooiihl p\ on hiVMn) ( ftw«\ »t h*lf p«»t twelve In the night we h»«hle pleftsnre of seeing her nHwftt *|*ln, without h«vlng reeelve«l niiv other App!(ret\t h\j\try thnn the hwn of a l^w sheets of eAMWr. 1\> t;he pertVH't tnilm, »«\»wth wnter, nnil nn- ^AMm«>n stt^ngth of the vessel, mny he uttrihnieil ottr ^0(*i(it ^\\\ this tttily p«rih>us lituAtion, On tiM t$tl> b«tMg in «iM' liny skliii wlHi fliPiii, It ttnn ilpPiiiPtl pyptil" to IpIIVP t'lllltlllinrtt Strnltl. Wp (IctPMinn Hipipfoip, ♦() propppfl to Norfolk SomihI p!" thptp |ilpk ii|i wliiit we poitlil liy Inylo)? n il n two, niid tliPO go to t'hnrloHp's lnlfliiil<<, f vioiis tn tiikliig It llnni fnrewpll of ttip i«- VVlth tliN liitpotloti WP ntppfpil wpstwtird. riving ill Hip lirimil pnrt of tlipnoiuitl, the en - of wnh'h Is north nnti south, nhd hnvlnit wind ft-oni the sniithwnrd, wp poiiIiI innkp llttin progrpsi^ on onr wny. In the nftpm the sonth wind Inprenspil gipntly, nnd vm\ siieh « spit Bs liittprty we lind heen eiitliely nppiistompil to. As niiiph fntlgiip nnd soinp would lip Inporrpd liy nttpin|iting tn pns-t night In tncklng to nnd fro In tlip sniind, irid nni n piissllillity, while the wind wns so hf nnd tlip spn so rough, of ndvnnplng At nil oni wnv, It lipcnnie very deslrnhle t»» ffntl n hnrlMij nml n lltHp lipfore snnspt, heing npnrthepii'ij sidp of the sound, wp perpplved nn o|ifMi of nhtnit n fourth of n mile, hetwpen two |iri| pitoiis hills, eloHied from the hottoni to n summits wlHi pine. The hllli on phpIi ship fnij Ing thp entrnnce Were so dpplslvely Indlciiij of siithplpitf depth of tvntpr, thnli we rnn Imlj In, wlHioiit tnking the precnutiott nf flrst spmlj Hie liont to rpponnoitrp. We wpip ItnniPillBl heprtlmed on pnssing the entrniipe, nnd, wi onr sweeps, roWpil tint n third of n iiiIIp 'w' we wei-e in perfeetly smooth wntpr. Th«j nnge hnving heeonie imrrnwer ns wn tiM vnneed in it, rendereil nnehorlng iionei'ei nnd we kept the vessel snsiiPiided liplweenl two shores, hy rtipes ninde rnst In Hie trees. ' (hir tiositiiiii wns tpilte romnntlt*. The tM wondeii hills on elihMt ilde seemed nlnion'J nnite nt the top \ the^nrk gloom overlinit^ nil nnnindt the silende nnd trAnnnlllily \flij hnd 10 Instnntnneotisly sneeeeiipil Hio nnd tuHinlenee of the « sen witlinnt, hihI piimfort And seenrity fOr the night of wliiilij hnd n prospept, nil pomhiiipd to prodiipp **i tionii of A most ploAslng uhnrnuter. While i"j ing on the neenery nlnnit ns, nnd while it < vet twilight, t perceived a moveineiit in ' iniBhes, AMtl in a moment a Urge henr iiisil*| AptteArtnct, probAbljr AttrActeti by the «c /(Nn N)MMNHCl/l ItrMi'l. \* (lir tttijfiH nt kWWtt/i .lim did ntii Ir Iti ftic ♦'» Mmt|»««M«»' ih*- Hdk "f thf *p», I rcfiiiffl prritiii^loti Ifi ffiy iwu in [isli'itc f(ir Mint |iilf|to»«' ) l»ti(, rh lif I'll (lixiio^cil f(i ri'itinlii nui\ iiifllo- nut »«•- Ifnmc, I tntKcd n ftmr ponrulfr <»» \>i' »l(«- JmI it( liliii. Tlu' |iIm'»« vrn^ r-IPTfitJ-d t»(o fl tlif •irill wfnf »iv»T Mm, miikifiR n «»«•«> Hitir ittiioiin *'"' '"""'""'< "Mil fll^ rfviT- ^ItiM of (III- ri'|i»ift wrtM lotin fiMil liMiil. Ml" Unf wmK fur n "P'oiitl, Imf ni'nm|n>r«'il off ♦ III- liiti(hf*, mill wi- «nw hliii mi iiinri'. iiiiil«>ii nn lm|ii'iii>»rnlili' fori'il of pliin wnml, Itttnf mmifiilln (ill III*' nurlli) nrr, mo^t nf If, »'ll»»«U'(l Willi ll'f« mill SIIMtT. [♦Ill- flrnt iif jitiii', ntiprimclilni; Niirfiilk n *lii|i wns iii'ici'lvi'il K"i"K ••• Mnre un, jiriivpil III Iif till" llmiriifk, «if llit^tiirt, Oiii'lipr, wliii linil nrrlvril iin Oir cimni \n wp ilrpw iipnr fo Iiit nftf»r hIip liml »l, n I'ltinlilnrnlili' liimfli' wii«i fifn'rivpil I, m If llipy wi'rn |ii'r|inrlii(( for ilpfi-iirp) t wnn Hflrrwnrd* mnii^i-il lo fliiil, nroiift jliir KiiliMiK mill iiiiciiiilli n|i|ir>nrmi(*e. Iti! mire, WM rnflwr iiiiii^iinl, friim the (mii'p iif (Mir licnnlfi, nt Mih lime, heing flvp liicticN loii|t } nn, linrliiK foiitid tttfl )ii of nlinvliiK lo lio fliftli'iili, vthcta tlm of Hip vpsunl vinn so nrpnt. I Imd rii'f?- Jt siiicp IpDviiift (;itlm», mill tnjr offlcprN linil fi'llowpil my eitmnplp i no thnt It nilmlttpit, wpiliii (irpAPiit nn nfippnrmipn |irppn«KPRfiinK, Hmt It wmi vprjr pxpiinp. penple i^liom we Kpprniiplieii l« he on liirtl. illnwlnn (Iny nrrivp(l« atid miphored iienr Ihip IMnpntih.of Ho»l«ii, Onptnlii Hrepk, «n will ns lite other PMp, lind itrrivpil on Mt rntlipr ton lute Ut ensnrp RncpeNMftii tlip present M'UMin. While three venseln |nK ti)|;elher here, It vim nmniiinK In nh- ke nilroitneM nnil rnnninv ^X" whleh Iriik ilerivpil all po««llilp mlvmilnj^e from ipelUlitn. They huj hucpppiIpiI In mining Ice of their skini nfniljth, thut there wnitn Ity, Mt Inst, nf our enterlnv Intn an agree, hespecling the prieo to he given, t»hlrh ^o have heen made at first, m nol less tn profit than to diapatch. >ngli nearly a week waa passed here, vet lives showed ao little earnestneis to dis> their fura, thtt very few were purehaaed I day hefore our departure, anfl when they Vcn ample time to aatiafy themaelvea they 'ktaiiiinf the htgheit price. IIm trboU I, p.ntnnpntHpn fl nnmher nf skins pnrehiwe^l dnrlnt iWs Hme^ f»f the three ves«iels, did nnt eteeew tngMher mwi fhun two hnndred utid fiffy. nnd ttn theae ir« p«ld more tlinn fwifp s^ miK-h htantes tribe, and who, with other warriors, had come over on a hostile expe- dition against Cummashaw's tribe. Being so nearly on the point of leaving the coast, and therefore fearing no bad consequences from an exposure of our weakness, I acceded to the earnest solicitations of the young warrior to come on board. This was the only one of the natives whom we admitted on board since being on the coast. We invited him into the cabin, and gave him a glass of wine, which pleased him so much, that he soon asked for another. Having made me a present of a very fine skin, I made a return of a shirt, jacket, and pantaloons, which he im- mediately put on, and appeared to be well satis- fied with the figure he made, and much pleased with the dress. But the friendly feelings I had inspired suffered a momentary interruption, by my careless and apparently rude manner of giv- ing him a handkerchief. Being on the opposite side of the cabin from that on which I was sitting, I threw it into his lap, when, instead of taking, he allowed it to roll down on the floor, his feelings so much wounded that he actually shed tears; nor was it without considerable effort, that we persuaded him that no insult was intended, by assuring him that it arose from my ignorance of the etiquette which custom had established among them. This little interrup- tion to our harmony was of short duration, the party aggrieved being satisfied with my apology | ■CLBTEI.ANDa VOYAGES and having parchased of him and his comnji ^ about sixty skins, we parted with mutual goQ^^ will and friendship. It was now time to make the necessary p^ paration for leaving the coast, by filling up o; ; water-casks, and procuring sufficient wood ft ; the passage to China. With this intention » directed our course for Tatiskee-cove, wlie^i having anchored, we set about cutting woti with idl diligence, and also procuring our sup|»| of water. This work being accomplished, < were ready for our departure on the 26th ; Ik~ the wind was from the south, and the weatln rainy and boisterous. It was therefore decid advantageous for us to lie quietly in the sdi. port where we were anchored, and wait for, fair wind and the return of good weather befo^ putting to sea. The wind having changed to the westv during the night, on the morning of the 27th| June we weighed anchor for the last time \ the coast, and put to sea, intending to reo noitre North Island before bidding farewell toij coast. But, owing to a contrary current, it \ late in the afternoon before we pasred southern point of Kiganny, previous to A we were boarded by the celebrated chief Kok man whose intelligence and honest demean recommended him to all who had any dea with him. He had always been in the habhj coming on board the cutter on her former \ ages, and had never failed to receive the ml generous and friendly treatment from Capi Lay, her former master, whom he WM xaf disappointed in not finding on board. For i few skins he had we paid him liberally ; andi left us much satisfied. The following day, at noon, we had ar opposite and near to the village on North j land. A number of canoes soon came of one of which was the chief Coneyaw, another Eltargee. The latter had, in a ye two ago, accidentally, it was said, caused j death of a Captain Newberry, by the disch of a pistol, which he did not know was lo His looks, however, were so much against 1 and, in the short intercourse we had with I his actions and manner so corresponded his looks, that I should require the clearest j dence to be satisfied that the disaster was piq the effect of accident. CHAPTER VII. Departure from the American coast. — PasMge lej Sandwich Islandi.— Island of Owhybee,- ply of provisions.— Conduct of the nalifi Their chtraeterisiics.— Compensation for | fktigue.— -Pass Tinlan at night.—- The Lema.— Anchor in the Typa. — ImporlMti —Reflections.— Passage to Wampoa. — ArriH Canton.— Disposal of the caTgo.— Sals AND r.>-tner«n* of fntm».^Bmmam^ §m pn- ins to Indl«.--Sdto for CaleutUi.— E«»po I Malay pirates.— -ArriTal at Malacca.— Paw Pinang Another fortauate oMape. — Ar- at Calcutta. _ chased the few skins offered me, amounts thirty-two, while under sail; and now, no other object to detain us longer on st, we, at 4 p.m., bade farewell to the ., With a fine breeze from west-north- i steered to the south-west, not less happy Successful accomplishment of my object, ■ the reflection of its having been attained at injury to the natives, or other than the 'kiendly interchange of commodities with Indeed, now that I was fairly at sea, and the chance of those casualties to which long been subjectedt the relief from f, the comparative feeling of security, the ion arising iirom a thorough performaiice , and from the independence to which it instance, can be more easily imagined ibed. Nor was this pleasure in any diminished by the task, which yet re- I of proceeding to China ; as this was a I for the most part, through tb« trade- rhere the weather was fine and the sea and where, consequently, one great [the dissatisfaction of my men would be Ig our pass^e to the Sandwich Islands ent occurred to vary the monotony of We had none other than a fair ideed, the gales were so propitious, that sight uf Owhyhee the twentieth day ig our departure from the coast of At three p.m. of the 19th of July, -capped summit of that island was seen ! clouds, at a distance of at least twenty- off, and bearing south-west by west. tin boldly for the shore all night, we fdawn, within about a mile of it, and saw lutiful runs of water falling in cas- er perpendicular precipices into the sea. eived also a mustering among the na- ) come off to us. The sea, however, was I, that only two or three attempted it, ing bought of these a few melons and we proceeded to leeward, towards Bay, in the hope of finding smoother ^This was discovered as soon as we i round Kohollow Point, when a multi- f canoes came off to us, bringing a great hogs, potatoes, taro, cabbages, water sk melons, sugar-cane, &c. Imitted a chief on board, who, while he natives in order, and guardef Pulo Campella. In the course of the ing night, we passed near to Pulo Canton, lien steered south-south-east. The coast sight most of the day, and a strong cur- our favour, as was manifest from the stance of making one hundred and ninety- ailes difference of latitude. We saw the nd abreast Pulo Cecir, on the 31st, and Island Pulo Cecir de Mar, and, at the Ime, were on the bank of Holland, appar- no very deep water. The next day we evented seeing Pulo Condor by reason of atmosphere. [the 3rd day of November the weather was )ually, and wind variable. In the night several timea in thirty and thirty-five ns, and, at dawning, saw Pulo Timoan. ^tered the straits between Point Romania iedra Blanca on the 5th; after which west by south for St. John's Island, and, ^g passed it, we took the wind from west- -west, and beat through the narrows be- the Rabbit and Coney and Red Island. ontinued to work to the westward, with the [for the most part from that quarter, and oc- )al\j anchuring when the current was against liile at anchor, close in with the shore, be- Mount Formosa and Mount Moora, we fleet of eleven Malay proas pass by to the ird, firom whoso view we supposed our- 8 selves to have been screened liy the trees ud bushes near to which we were lying. On Mr- ceivlng so great a number of lai^ proas sailing together, we had scarcely a doubt of their iMing pirates, and therefore immediately loaded oar guns and prepared for defence; though con- scious that the fearful odds in numlters between our crew of ten men and theirs, which prolMbly exceeded a hundred to each vessel, left us scarce a ray., of hope of successful resistance. We tratched their progress, therefore, with that in- teb^ interest which men may naturally be sup- posed to feel, whose fortune, liberty, and life, were dependent on the mere chance of their passing by without seeing us. To our great joy, they did so ; and when the sails of the last of the fleet were no longer discernible from deck, and we realised the certainty of escape, our feelings of relief were in proportion to the dan- ger which had threatened us. Arriving at Malacca on the 11th, the curiosity of the people was greatly excited to know how we had escaped the fleet of pirates which had been seen from the town ; as the strait to the eastward is so narrow that it appeared to thent to be impossible for us to pass without seeing each other; and when informed of our being screened by the trees from their sight, they offered us their hearty and reiterated congrata- lations Having the next day filled up our water-caskf, and laid in a supply of vegetables and fruit att^ ficient for our consumption till our arrival at Cal- cutta, we should without further delay have pro- ceeded on our voyage, had the prospect been favourable ; but the westerly winds continued to blow with such violence for several days ioime- diately succeeding our arrival, that it wis evi- dently the part of wisdom to lay at anchor til! their force bad abated, which was not the case till the 14th, when there was less wind through- out the day. In the evening the land breeze caaao off strong, and, being all ready tojtdce advantaige of it, we weighed anchor, made sail, and stem to the westward on a wind all night; and, at dawning, tacked to the northward and came in with the land about three miles east of Cape Ricardo. The town of Malacca is situated in a level qountry near the sea, and is defended by worka built on a rocky foundation, and of great hd|^t. It was taken from the Portuguese by the Ihltch in 1640, and remained in their possession tiU taken from them in the late war by the English, w ho held it at the time I was there. Its inhabi- tants are composed of Dutch, Portuguese, Eng- lish, Chinese, and Malays. The trade of this place was very much diminished in consequence, principally, of the increasing growth of the Eng- lish settlement at Pulo Pinang. The revenue arisii^from imports arid exports, was this year (1799/ farmed to some Chinese residents for fifty-two thousand dollars. There are several very pretty country-seats about three miles from .in It.kVKLANIIA V0VA(l»'.R thi>ltts\tM «i(«l (hi* citintltv iiMtciiillv nlimihiU ss\{\\ »!»>• n»«'»t*-M(ii tiw. Mill Ih IrtUtiitlp, »ntl.v tMH ltt^(i;««H \mi\\ nt Oil' HitiiUiii, iliMriK itll Kit tojtfihi (\\m \M\ih\t It Oii'li )i>il)l)>iMf, t'^t'i'iit ilt| tltOKV \Mllt Mtr MPllltm ii> Kltllltltl'l* ('•iMlflllt (tt Mi« RctitilKlMiitt hf HPttltIt \\n\w |»ni'i'i'ill»|t rihiMir |Hi. \vltlii« \\\\\§ \\\ t\Vfitty (\tiit frttltittitit It «)|Mitll \MW Willi llU'h VlrtlfUilB us I'l |»«»-l Dili frt'llf, *M(I fttiiot'il tim lo^n »»f OIK «i»i'litti I rt rliriini- •»rt«ri» Ihtt wmp. iw \\\\ »»»g«rHt'il rt^ wv liint lull «M1*<| HHM<\ tthil l>rtil JT* rt |»nt \^tn(| \\^\\\ 0«>m MiiHttS\T<«t. Ail (tii> \\\\\\\n itiliiii|t llif tii«AUmi« wr>iT VM> Unlit rtitti viulnlili', «i< tunili* Ivui ikh>\v |m^|itr 'i'lwA mid i2iMi, wi' lutil m*df imOv »lni*«« ilcyit'i's' ililU'lt'llrc of IrtlHinlc, l\*vh\ji; )v«\tt th* .1h< «>f l>«»i'Mh-r*M n\on^«iMlli»n drtys \v* wt't-w In sljihi \\\ the \Am\\ l!hiMlnlm, ninl tin* VKMisI rtf Avi». lU'lnn now In IniHntli' Ut' lunth, \v« i»i*rtr«li«Hln» nnith wi'M with thi' wind IVim', niiMl n |»llol, whw lniVv»iwo«l w** thM lh«' Irtint* ships tin n nniu- h)W8 wf \« thi« t^mt UAwKoshnty rtml a IVntu- g[Vt«»i« »hi)^ honnd In, (h(> lrttt«n o( whl<>h hiut hAit MV«tt||:iVrrn\ont, ti\\\\ hi^ton olV H Fivnoh niivrt- t*ev of »Mi»htw;n ^nns thip d;\y hclVm'. rtini thul iK« Ot^iwivAny't i>\nUot Nh, hnl itom; in ))t^MU m W\\ Anothof IHitnnftto i'M'rt|ii«i ni^ imvtMt om» ildij tM« liw, wi' should hit vi> fnllon f nto ihft WmwU \s\ this pi" v^i »'»'!, nod, hoinn nndoi I^MfliftH v^vlowvs, \\\y^ \w^l low. (n t'u' ni^nt wr i^inn* tn unohoi- H«itrlh

\< diiy V* Ipdt M H\ *s Vnt\)oivi' t tilt' dftv following to INitUt wwl m i\\v l.^thof Doo«mhe» »f9D» tttfvdl Mf^l}' «V CAkntitd. lllAltKn VIK tttni'niliiii Hi t'ttl('iilln.~tlitM«pt(ti(i|iiiiM,- ii| 4t(i«untti iHtiiltlM Miiiiii.,', til |iH»t t|»lM(( till H'ltil kiiumii r«>Hi'l«>iit4.~k)iri Wu ilrtm -II. |ii(iiiih'l(tt iliMJilMiif l''^rtlH•^^,-■hnl|;(^ 1(1 till* «tiil ('ri|)iK. I.tty, of nhoiii I li'Miftlit'ilic ciiHcr. ntitlof \\\\m Kind liiitt< iliid |M. Miir n lioiisci fiti n lii)li' Wits ini |iitH|ii>i't of Ills Im'Tii||[ nlilf* In imy n niinnint of llii> ips|iiind(!hUit liiiiid iM'ftiti' t^ i'X|ilii»lltin tif llii' lliiic s|ii'fllli'd tln'H'lH, It (i| iiImIoiis iliiti I hiiil It tt)'it>nll)iiH»r (lih>t> niitiii) lM>nni> III)', mil) ^s I should tltnl It MdvitiilnnN to lity In itn Invest nii'iil fof tlni UmIU'iI Stni. itnd t'oiild initl(i< Itn itnnnitciiiciil foi Its |iiitiii' wlnot thf Itoiid In'ritini' diii'. I l!ii'ri>ron« snu.. .1 honsn dislniit floiii Hit' InisiMt'HS |mil oft town, Itnd whi'ir the rent would lio iitooiiiii itlly low. Biich It oiii' I nniiid In I hi) \U\\ It r.ititv, Intd It fntnlslii'il lit llic most (looitHmi, slyh>, Itnd tooU |iOssi'ssloii on (li»< I. Mil or li fpinhi'i. Tln» ninltlliidi* of set vmtts, wlilcli i< tont ifiinliTdnti •hi'CsliihlUliiiiiMil iij'lliosc <■• who wi'tc dt'slions of llvinu In ilm nniHt ii'ii initnnci, wits ttlmnilntt. .Mliio, Intiliidltig iniii unlnhi'ittcis, I'ooKst slnortids, mid Wiiilt' itnntnilti'd to i>i)|tht, i«xt'hislvt> of my hitti'k imj (h'OlgC; It nntnhlM- Ihltl; SiHMIIS (o hli iMtUlluhi' tidn tt mitn of smnll fkninin', (III ii Is t'Dltsltlei' how voiy smnll Is llii'li' itiiy, mid how llllIc t food luisls »nnn|»itird with nttts. Ih'InK thus <'sti(lillsh('il, mid toy iniiid iiit| •i|» foi It stmt* of Intit'tlvKy fof w'w. net! (Iitf months, I witslho licUtM- ithle lo i»nJoy tliej liiMilhtn fi-ont tltp sf>ns(« of lis hi'lng ntiiivolili I iiimhti>d ithoni thi' town th (Iil* mocnltttt; lidl the Itpitt In'omtit' o|>|ti-esslve \* hooKs (tltuiili^ it>suntv(> dminit Ihn dity \ nitd townrih ^veiij t wits (akpn in my |iiditqnhi to (ht> i Ivor's filL whcti'. itliHihditg, I witlkod oil the ^siilmittil(i l^»l■t NVillimtt, Itnd wtts vhaiittcit w Kit Uic iii»<| ofnnm» niilltrtiy hand, whli'h ittnycil thi'irtrtj ("vi'nhtiif, tn (Ids wny, with Ullli* viti'iHtltMi,e (hsi (en dity B of my lesUlcnt'i* in t-ttli'n(tft ' tmssRil. Nut' hitd 1 miv lilcn, thitt t|t« rt^iiuiini of my tci'tii tht'iti wonid not slidn itwny in I B*nw» ovv'it tH)ni»f. Pof I did not coneclvi' ll thui-c witsitchmice of my eomtng in culiiii N\ith mty ono, innoh loss with Iho mnniciiwl thoiitios of the iiluoo. Itnt n-uin this state of (|iitot 1 wits oiu' i-onsod hy the cntritttoo of ono ttf the moBsciifj of th« [Htlioe-uffice, who infbintetl inc Hull ^\t titHH, *h«t "(il'l •!»• »♦''«« Im M»V ^Pftt'-**. (it't , ♦«k»'tt ti|t rt« M •'tlhit. ttml Mm* I tico* >>|t (lltfiUr «• ♦'"' ""'i*', mill «((»••• Mty clulm f'l itr Id' Wi'itM Im< «ii'«rttl, til It ivii" "f ti" tivnil llt-ntvyn rt«'C I'liKlltinlnu. I »vi'!i( Iti Hf tiltfi-iHKiM Id Mil, ittdl fMuiiirftit liii|ititf, Hint li- lm»l Im-cm ..III llif» riMtiiilv 'tf lli»' Inwii »iii(|nf, wli'i tr>. Itt Vmk NVlllliiiii. Ill itHl»>f fii Im' «•*•»»», wlMt «liM l»rt»l li'fii |id"»<«»''l, nil Imi'MiI (11) 'tt jilti h Inn 111 III*' river Iti'l'tw. M wnn rtrrfiliin I I I'tMild llilil Mill iiUl-'-r. whom I ItfitRi'ij „|M>tiil aiMi'lliiK (li>iirKi> nllli Hi" iiMictt till 111 «rt' ♦III* iiirtdUlrnli- niKJ ttlilnlii hi* rfli-n*" liihl till' hi* tirth'r* vrftf fii'ri'iii|il|iik \tu*\y ttinii, wrliii«i< nih-lllr hnil lifi'ii nn jljjhly |iriiv)'i|, ii>mI fur wh t'n|ilfilii iif (111* HHii, iiM liimril wlili»li Cli'iirn*' hml Imvii I hii^li'iiPil ill WtP hiiii'ir whfrf I hey npri*, (fan liili-oiliiiH'il hy n iiprvuiil In livery Inio n VI* fl|mHnient. wlnt-l» were Ihe Iwn^eiille- i|iiiH'iilly nn Hie |iiilnl nf Kiiliifi; In i-liiireh. ynrntilii wn« ft |iiirnt for* id etnlm t)ii> mnii. t tnld him, Jtng etignMd nt the time, t Unitpnited my eMtp wotilu have tieen RiifUcieiit tn eimiire leane. |o," he Nitid, " It WHH lint }" nml mlileil, In I nmt manner wtilch wnn nny thing Imt n- H\\, " tile fcllnw whom you e«1l your ^er- 1 1ieltev« to he n gnnil unllrrr i it* kiicIi I hitve Jlim on hnitril iihl|i, nmt Nhull give no iliree' rfor Ills einitnel|»ntJnn." llBnAnt at mioh trentmrtni, I rc|ill«;(1 in a of which he hmi set ihe cxiimple- ^uch proceeding, «ir, is very extraordinary. t, ♦ vtrMf'tiiNi M 'i1 I ilniilit M* lietiiit *Kii'-i>nlii'l hy f.nrd Mnrnlng. Inn And why iiinii'it j nii tii^'- ni", nnd Mfid me nil linrtrd *lilji, trlHi t'li" "nme prnprlely ym< ihi mv nf-ftunt '* «iii(li 11 niie^llnii, 111 ined II (nfti*, ffnm «n ymirtg n niiiM, mill mi'- whn*^ ildnenminr hm' tie'-n «» inei-k, ^/nt «v(<|f(ill» ini»ll*e^v^d IhrtI fht> nihft g^tl- Heinnn, nnl helm; filile tn *iippre** hi* lnngMer, hml liirned «w»y I n-plled " I mo nn Ametlinn ilH/en, *)f, find ofi»« ¥thti I* nnt nmieipinliited with whnt in due hi Ihnt ehnrmler." " Well, where dn ymi live, ulr, fnm immi*-^ fo/ir nddre** ?" Inklnj^ nnl hi* pnperund peoefl, atid wrlllna In « hurried mid nglfnled mmifiw > •Old Iheo i(li*ervl«d, " I *h«ll neod for jnn trt mnrrow, *lr," I Inid him t *hnidd nnt let the lm*lwe<« tent ♦ ill tn-mnrrnw, mmle my turn, nod left him. ft wn* miw vertr evident, thnt f mii«t. urntttm Ihe Inlerferenee «»rge's wtien h« met me. Me nhnwed his white teeth, and mak- ing nn elTfrrt to etipres* lii>t gratitmie, exelaifned, "(t, mn*«in, n tnii*nnd tank*, a tonsand tanks f f Jenige he Kind to snrve yon lie lifetime." 'fhia joy wa* indied rcciproral ; for, if from hO oth«f inii*(!, we had pa • d together throngh to/» many trying deenfl* iioi to have exeited in mc Ihe «re(itest sympalhy for hi* detenthm, and fW leis plenimre at hi* relea*e, The commerce of the United l^tates wilt* zs CLEVELAND S V0VAGB4 eiitta at that period was very ditferent from what it is at present. During the three months of my residence there, no less than twelve shi^s were laden with the produce and manufactures of Hindostan for the United States, whose cargoes would average about two hundred thousand dollars each. This demand for manufactures, for which the purchasers preferred to pay an in- creased price rather than to keep their ships waiting, had a tendency, in the course of two months, to raise the prices twenty per cent., and entirely discouraged my thinking of an in- Testment for the United States. Nor could I reconcile to myself a longer period of inactivity than that limited by the receipt of the amount of the respondentia bond, especially as the sul- try and unhealthy season was advancing. While in doubt what course to pursue, the Isle of France was suggested, among other plans, as offering a fair field for speculation. The great success of the privateers from that place led to the inference, that prize ships and prize goods would be procurable there at very low rates. And as the Danes, at this time, were the only European neutrals, a cargo could be trans- ported from thence to Tranquebar, under the Danish flag, in safety, and vrith great profit. But how to get to the Isle of France ; this was a difficulty of no trifling magnitude. There wu no vessel going in which I could take passage. To purchase one to go to a place where I sup- posed them to be so abundant and cheap, would be "carrying coals to Newcastle;" besides whioh it would have been difficult, in a vessel of moderate size, to escape the vigilance of the Bengal government, who were decidedly hostile to all intercourse with the Isle of France. I determined, therefore, to procure a boat of a size so diminutive as to elude observation, and, at the same time, of so little value, that much could not be lost on a resale. Such a one I found at Calcutta, nearly finished, of about twenty-five tons, which I soon made a bargain for, to be completed immediately, to be rigged at a pilate boat, with mainsail, foresail, and jib ; to be coppered to the bends, and to be delivered. M soon as possible, at tl-.e Danish settlement of Serampore; for which I engaged to pay five thousand rupees. The contract being in due time fulfilled by the delivery of the vessel at Serampore, I there got her put under the Danish flag ; and a cargo of oM, wax, ghie, &c., pur- chased to the amount of five thousand rupees, of sufficient weight only to put her in good bal- last trim. As the Americans, at this time, had a kind cf pseudo war with the French, it was advisable to neglect no precaution in guarding against embarrassments that might arise on this account ; and I therefore became a burgher of the Dauish settlement of Serampore. While these transactions were in progress, tiwa had come round for the payment of the bond, the amount of which was forthcoming at the moment. I had now passed three months in the city of Calcutta, having made during thtl time no other excorsion than one to Serampoic,< and another to the botanic garden. The for. mer makes a very pleasing appearance along the margin of the river. To the extent of nearly j ^ mile, well-built houses, neatly white-washed,! give it the appearance of being larger than hi really is, as the town is of very limited exteml back irom the river. The botanic garden iil pleasantly situated on a bend of the Hooghl cslled Garden Reach, but it was not neatly kept. No temperature can be more delightful thai that of Calcutta during the months of Decein. ber, January, and February. It is very dry ami healthful; and the nights I found to be in. variably cool and comfortable, though there iia always a necessity for the ose of jnusquito cur.f tains. During my residence at Calcutta, I witnessoj' an amusement which, I belie v;, is peculiar t«. India, the chase of deer by tig<>rs. The arem occupied a space of more than a hundred acre; the borders of which were lined with mounted dragoons to guard against mischief firom the ti. gers. The tigtsrs had a blind of leather ove their eyes, were led by a string held by ther black keepers, and appeared to be under per * feet control. They had belonged to Tippoo Sail^ and were much smaller thioi the royal tiger. While one of them was held by his keeper it one end of the field, the deer was let loose ii the centre. At this moment, the blind bein; removed from the eyes of the tiger, he darteo forward with inconceivable velocity; and al though the deer put forth all his strength to ev cape, the tiger had caught him before he hai reached the other oitremity of the field. It wai a cruel sport ; and I did not wait to see a repe- tition, or how the tigere were again brougln under control. But the English resident of Calcutta seems to think less of the amusemints which are peculiit to Europe, than of indulging himself in the ut- most refinement of luxury, which the combined ingenuity of European and Asiatic epicures cu invent. The multitude of servants, which cm- torn seems to have rendered necessary to tiit man of fortune, and to which he becomes fami- liarised by habit, commonly unfits him for a r^ sidence in Europe afterwards. His durvai, peons, circars, chubdars, harcareahs, huccabt- dar, jemmadar, and consumas, form a list d obsequious being(s, each, at the muster's nod ready to perform the duty pecu!us4' to his < " with a cheerfulness and alacrity, such as a despot i does not always receive from his slave. He i^. dressed and undressed, washed, thavrd, ui combed, without any effort of his own, ui precisely as if he were incapable of any exer- tion. The dinner hour is usually after aunset ; u|j convivial parties seldom retire before midnij Over the dinner table is hung an immenje extending the whole length of the table ; »» AND COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES. 39 Drt of his own, tii capable of any exer- being put in motion by strings attached to Faulted by servants in adjoining rooms, there Iways a breeze to counteract the efTect of soups and meats in a hot climate. There , great variety of fruits peculiar to the cli- of fine qualitY, and very abundant and Lt the period of my residence in Calcutta, 1 were no buildings, public or private, which Id be remarked by a stranger for their ar- tural beauty or magnificence, or as con- iig to the generally received idea of the idour of the British capital of India. But defect in this respect was unaply oompen- for by the magnitude, the strength, the ity, and extraordinary neati aa of Fort Wil- The complete and elegant finish which I been given to it affords proof of the com- of ample means. The ccst is said to hcve two millions sterling. Of this fort, and Be miUtary band which played every even- retain the most lively a.'id pleasing recoi- ls ; and not less so, of the civility of se- ofllcers of the garrison. Very few evenings that I was not present, aud never failed equally delighted with the order, disci- extreme neatness, and soldier-like ap- ice of the trdops, as well as the perform- I and with those sweet sounds which seemed aain vibrating on the ear long after they reality ceased. horrid tragedy of the Black 71ole of Itta has given to it such dreadful r.otoriety II make the event familiar to ages yet un- Over the spot on which it ocr red is ed an obelisk, which already gives indica- ; that H is not long destined to perpetuate ftd story for which it was erected. black town, as it is called, from being lively inhabited by natives, extends to the , of the other. The buildings ar^; composed frail materials, mud walls, mats, and s ; and the streets being narrow, con- tions are frequent and extensive. The na- i of Hiudostan are remarked for an amiabi- Df disposition, an evenness of temper, and of regularity and docility, which render invaluable as domestics, and I have been ed they are not less remarkable for their ty and honesty. But the most striking re in the character of these people is their stion for the cu<)toms and institutions of ancestors. Their food, their dress, their essions, and marriages, are all under the liction of religion. It prescribes rules of luct under all circumstances, and ''iere Is ely any thing, however trifling, which it with indifference. Many of the native bhants possess large fortunes, and some nf have apartments fitted up in the Eur^x. ^an ^ and live at a corresponding expense. I the 18th of March I saw my boat pass by attOt which, in conformity with previous ngements, was to wait for me above Fulta. As no notice was taken of her by the Enribh authorities when she passed, I felt secure from any interruption from that quarter. The next day, with the balance of my funds in bills and gold mohurs, I proceeded in a native boat, ac- companied by ray man George, to join the ves- sel. In conformity with an understanding with the ostensible owner, I found her manned with a Danish captain and mate, and four lascar sea- men ; and myself and servant embarked in the quality of passengers. Soon after joining the vessel, as the tide was favourable, we proceeded on our course, and came to anchor at Fulta, in order to purchase a supply of fowls, &c., but found theur stock to have been exhausted by sales made to vessels which had preceded us. The next night we had very heavy squalls from the westward, accompanied with mueh thunder and lightning, and were compelled by their violence to let go a necond anchor. The succeeding day the weath«. ' became pleasant ; but, the wind being against >. we turned down with the ebb as far h^ Cu^ e, where we an- chored for the night, and t. d next morning went ashore and purchased a stock of ducks, fowls, fruit, &c., sufiicient for the passage. The next ebb carried us to Cudgeree, where, m ccm- seqnence of a gale from the south, we lay at an- chor the two succeeding days; nor, with so m ich wind, could we have proceeded if we had desured, as, in the hurry for dispatch, the sail- maker had neglected to put in any grecmmiti for reefing ; and all on board w/io could handle » 7>eed\e were set about thi» bu^^iness. Cu the 25th the weather became settled, and \«-hr.n we had arrived opposite Ingcrby, the black pijot, who had conducted the vessel from Seram- pore, left us, having previously given us direc- tions how to steer. The tide was now ellrong, and running with a velocity which is peculiar lo this river, when we suddenly and unexpf ctcdiif found ourselves in only seven feet wu^er, "aayiag, as we supposed, mistaken the direction df^mlff: pilot, and taken the wrong side of the hn6ff '6it' the little fiarabulla. We hod scarcely time to reflect on the consequences of touching, before we had passed over the shoal and were again in deep water. When the tide had ceased to be favourable we anchored, and again pursued our course when it set out, and in the evening of the 28th, we anchored in Balasore roads, md lay becalmed during the night. Early the following morning we hauled up oui' anchor, and with a brisk breeze from south southwest, stood out on a wind to the south-east While passing out of the Bay of Bengal, we had very variable winds, and generally good weather nor, indeed, had we any occurrence during the liassage worthy of remark. The bout, which was named the Mari. was quite as uncomfort- able as I had anticipated, and this, not so much from its contracted size, as from the scorching eflbcts of the sun, which was most of the pas- sage nearly vertical, and from the rain ; for oui ^^^■ M rU*VM.»WI«'»t Vt >>W^\Vt>t\W»'.>»»!iH\ r..WhM\ilt\t| «^» ^^^^^ f'W. %'"*■ ■'&!*'•' '*' *'**' "\'"*'> - l*t"*|>'" '*'»' *•'*>** •^l' li^n^\(*,_»F,)i(.H^««.>«\ li> Uii. I|»l>« "! l\'>i»»l>.i**. \l vivAl A» i»v l^i**o< \ wn..)«i. |v^«i\MV»«i Uivlt»*« w\lVt>^»li>, \\^ \\\*\\ H".J.V.i»\». .IIU)>i>!ij>iti>lltr — \m»kwi\»^ \htt <>mm\\ yi )|i<* Uli»>*A\\ 111 »lu' UiHt'H»ii>-. ri(k^<\\V»»»stnh' ni'i M»\iMA«S'\t\) i»v »li>* > 'i»)>»1iUti W\v*»f.*v. lU>w. ttAtps. \Vl\k\\ i\\i< WW n»no\\i^i\ »i\ \\\<^iU\!»i| nt *\S»>>* >l\^VU\tt «l\.' l^uvMri\\\>' >i\tM»tl\!(. M\ %<'>\1ftH\SW!» At \i^M iwjii'lluv. \%> \\\\\^\\\'<\\\\^ ^Nll^iMivK. A!\ 1>S ll\»» ll»^j*!\»inUV Nkl\\oi\ \K\\\\\\\ \K iW \r*M>\ \\\ \\\y\r\\ \ A\^^\x^•\\ nt 0\>' Vrt\^<> xS\ ^^x\A Vix'^t vM'Mx'yS f^WS^WW' \\\ ll\<* \^^ISAV,prt«1v \hs\ 4m\i' w^sw i\\m S\f\\\\\\x< %hr. \^s\\\\\ m\ i^\i ixs r\xiit> ilvo v'(\vioMl\ m\\ \\\\\\M xW \\\x' jlf^Vftt ^'1^^\^^\ A^mm^iW^^^I »s»^ tl\o il\y!\\ t\S y A^^^>NSAO^'>(S|; 11. VV|lU'i\. y^^sAVo rtW <>thoH 1><«'^ tA0«'1><'^>'vA A^^^ \'>ttx\ \NvM\\«^V, W*A m|V^vv^^rtn h )'^-\x%^ \\\l\\ \\v x>\\M W^M \\h\y "xxWxM^ \\w .M l>\Srt liA tlyiK W»rti\\ M thiv v>iv>srt ,m<1>,^ \vav. NXVf'' <«^^^^nv^>«rt^^rt^^ iW \vt\nMut fxs U\v 1*«\. >'wnV»vS n>o V\i«li\t>\*W ^•HV^ >♦(» tx<^\ 'xn i txrxA. A» «rt A«y^ «,\y«,^MS «v\l ,^ iVo *\vn<'1\ V^r\iin,\)(r<>, \ \\\'\\A yxfx'h «Vm»iV!> A«i, • 1^'j* nv«tK'i\\^)1 \>As WiM^i^^jt 1^ Wi^ , ■> >«<^ V*-^*. liVv A \'^^C<(W «'* *rts\ l^f^l A».^ jfiVW ^v^tiW^^N (TSA< rt ^\^< t\.>t ^\>V- ■\\\\\ ulilrl). liiihUltlHK vNltitltK, (tlrtt'Mjt A niv\ m^ i\( .»)lri! tU» l\ \\H\mjt kI- rnlHlllttHlj . Wlliii liil.l IrltlU'il lit ItU UUiilHS (|IIC|tMntt*t »HHl)Vt< ihi> \\v\\'x \^,m liiiIlK, itiiil ht liiK vhKnt'tn I III Idhlhtt I •lli)iilil III' Ittlti'il ntt « tidllvn iif li, .lilt rllhtt I III' lllljt'll ii(- Dlt VHVHl^l' WilR rll, cIlMiril, Otic It'llllUld'il lliitl III' i'lliillglll ) iii'hi hrtVt' llllli't 0.\H llllllt ll)«.«n Ullll'lt llj(l)t'(llri|l,| llii' i|U)i.im(l Kj- sil ll|tllH» rt I'KIJtit. f'i'(llit|i.| ml') III itiiitiill 111' |iil».i! HMl(ti. " riiWt iiiiiif umiliUiill li|.» |iiiHiii«i.." t^n<4 IliH )».)ili.. «ii,|, Urit' oiiltU' III' till' itlim'Mrtllmii itllil i-'rn|i'i'li))„. tvlili'li I Itciiiil Hlllit^ I'll tiiv «ny III fill' i|, u'Hiiii'*, Htiil tvliit'h wt'OjiiimWttrlhn nHiiii'ii, •lilUUhhtii'^M. Hi'lUllv, (ttiif Hiolttj, wllltili I lii|.i 'iltKl'lU'il III lllln )lHt|l||i III ri ft'«||li'til'l« lit cl. \\Sm\\\^ rtlllilllK lllHtl, iMttM Mllltl nix ifrtM Ik niHv iiii iti'tim iiiiiiiiiiii'i'ii ill iiii. i)iH»ii)ii)h (U('ii-i!ii Miilmii.'n III' ti'i'i'lu'tl \w «iiii ilmi ndtrtnii, wlili'll U il niTiilldi I'li'thlHi'iUllc iif tlih hi'Mi'li !»Hi| Ulll.'li. lnmUllltln INllillHt, (llrtri'S ^ kIhii, ^ ■ "■ ■Ml (' l!)| ,.,.- . IlK^ •»l'l'l\ till llU JlrtA'sllUl', III' IrttllUltl'll III* \m |ll-ni il'lllH III "mv i'illi'l)iilm'! liiiH |ittrilti|i)im rHllsl'tll'lhll Ih lli*W itill Itf H(il|litHli.ll| lltlili' i|.l* WV' I'ikllMilt'li'il hll |*H>tll lltrti I'ltlltii in) i hill' ,'■ •*ni'h rt I'rt^ui' • 'i' '>;'•-; '*<' li'mrtUtt'ii II ." \m,'\\ \M»ii(i'i1, 'i^ ' ";< I nIiiiiiIiI hcII II \t.i- ill»il IHi'l'MoiM, , >!' . .Ill, llml wilnil (I'IMtl 'I' lUrtili' Ut him H'n)ii« *\f\(> (iMIlft ^vm^^ III' I.' -^t'lii \\\\\m »i» III-' t'Huirtiii i>r llti« iimi ii» "(pj- tin y Illy lUVil iH»((»itM fttul) Itt III"' III )ilrti'i», \M'ii» lo'dif ii'nlili'iii'r uMlic I'limnl \\\<' Viilii'il f'lrtti**, In \\\\m\ \ wrtunsniiiriillii'i \\\\\\\\\ \\A\K l*H'» »m lirtTrtiil In »'iimlii)t III I .'I^Vrti'ii'^- ottt I'HIwMi iir H»i< I'lillml Rlrtlf«i II i\\\\ \\\ i»l\l\i|t i*vli|i'iii'i» llinl I will mil rtllrtii WW irrtillly rti'i'iMli'il, rtinl »v'iU|'v> tut \\\wv \\\\\\ \\\\' \\\\\\ tllh'i' \\\\'M i'jt I,' Ihn liliiiH 'MV \\\ \\\\\m \\<\^ Wllil'U.; *- ■ i'.'u llUllloi " sKi'ii'hjw or Mttii'K, '■ -^ ■ ! >, '^nnv m inMUwIfrt'Mt'VrtI x\\ Oil' l*llU»ni ^'''u- ■{'' illc lit ,\onMlli^'\\\ lU'iih-rtl «lrt|t« III I""'! \Mx\ onit>"««> \\w\v w it» l»lH\\iuif llu» III'*! it» «mo ov the IrtUi'vV v* Ih'* »'"|'»u i Vrt»V»*\-*. \\\x^ *i\W m\\ IVHrtlr* Hf l>Hfr'« rtllil lli'V «>A*Tt>N»*«, rti^'l lh«' Oi'»'rt«lo»»rtl Aiilviil nf rt " liiiilli' mif A)[»\>rrtW»\«v «MhnMUi»M , mwinU ♦Ili'imrtlhrtK ol tl\i' |<\>Mhirl« x\\' Oil* \ i'mI l»\llU'mi»il Unit 111 Wrt* X\M \\\ \\\i* \\\x\f,\ '<■ ?!l ,rtl rtllil Krtlllllll) il^l M'H\\i|*A\U. ^^^^H\ till' I'i'-i '1i*'< .t! tlu» lllillifl ixN \NvAvhA»«» my »'rt\ip\, I l,iv<> n<» ilmiht of iiinkf t»vft A lmrt*lwvm<' imMU o» M i Imt HdrflMi* rtcn'i'' US;t fc'; |m\^y*^!»Al. \ Wrtlh'il (III IHk l^tll«Wl» uw,' '.rt'f, \\\AX rt Villi »n|u«(«iil«y iitiftii Im«. Hill* !»*iHcs "MUu' <'.»»»t|^Hi»wl »^^1 l-;ti f.iiin^l^hriM. fift ntiH>n 't. a f\>^ h tiiillvi' itf tt fiu^it fVdtiit, I »l )i^ llittiinlil ll UJtUi'tlh lie n (H lIlH )H|(lj'. Sm,i liitix rtttii fitjUciiiii tiiv wilt h> fllf •! tli'mW ttlHir^ «Hti|rl„ I f'td'iHj, wliltMt I W ;| Ih tt H'«litt'tit't« 111 i. « MllUI sl» li»*liH I.. ll<>Ut»*»*Hlll»-|ll('tl'!:il l< Willi lIllU illlltliiili hi-uiii' i»r lb h-Hi,), mini, filiifcN a «(»'!'> ruhJliltttllj. wlt"H (ji»M||hh'« ♦■b)rtil ii'iurtiittMl II «lii«il mill ''■ n»>»\hrtl llrtH« III I huHwiinfllii'lli'i "• lh(t «i<'tl ll»iit "'1 a{»'>',»l rti»il (tnliitrti) 'll 'I .>S(»>< .>? tli«» ltii>l»*j^ liA.< H<» lll«»l»t (| If ft«»- llif f»f«»'«' lilt llic » lift!" nmimii lit Mt(' liltMMnt. ^ttl, Hi fiTii u'llitck, III »ll*i»' wIMi Mtf> Um Hnt, t^ltti ftw tiitl Ihxn nffiilili' lliflrt n< M(r H^^k 1»l)(i)|rif(, 1(1* ItilMcMiirnf nIMi Mil I'M »'H()i}iM<(lMi? liUitnlf, «( Miti|'it-lfr ftf Mic imilv, tMNuU\N\ Mflif'f Mint imlif't- wlllt ItN clilliln'H, MittH Mf n Hilllfrtft will! Iili "ttilirtllfHi*!, thf illtiMfr w/(i lift III |il«lii (t(i( (ifttldiiijMP nfrl"* «fi*( Ito^Ptl itf « ff(i«tl t«tl»'*tr tif wpII f«»ilf»M| Bn. illPt't? |iM'tnlli'i( nf frt()l<' «M J-nif, rtiid |jiHif« ft-ni'ililHi fHiiM tfofriiltif, widcll fftHiiMl lltlJtIMIKlHHl 111 lilf CnritlHlU» Htllj I'MNUim 1(11 ii(ifiH(fil()l(jr lit JihqpCflrijf (•ffinit «ii« of filioiif Hfl|ili»'»l trlfl* ('(i(r>'<» fUl" liiiccffiOHMlrtttnlf Ififiillr liiti »tll»li Iftlil''*. I'll'' Hititu' tliditfldli. iHdl lljIlfHCl, «l(tMl I'rti'll l*iirttl)rntiim (k miftif (iMic fur »l»i»lRrtM«j» whii'h niv himl wrt« ttcfiill. tl ht lii^f fttty lii-rtft f»f wiifff. On MiU [bf ((It »)iHi(l(tMt((t I l((((l (((tf (tKllcljintcii li| rtdir |thi(ll ♦!((• (tinl(( filijci'f liflfifi; (lirK I |IH«"«II1HC, nlllcl) HKllfl llf llll(rtl»(C(l ((I tut ♦tut, M((l I OkkiiI II((' «»•((♦((•(•(«« nlllldif (lite*' ♦hi(ii«irt((il flvf linnilccd (lidlnf-i for 9(il I rtdil I fliiMril Midi IdiM rtf Oinf prlcp. jilicri' («)i|(i'n(-c(l ("tldciidr >(( !(»• « Hdf Im (ny |) nlllcit W««i liN tvliiili, v»m iKIIi'diiidd, wiiiild lif« oftit in liy «'iifif> ♦ lie ((iinii'iidin tidil ni>ll ii|i|i(il(itcd crdlnprn liiiil lit'cn illKjinli'licd r('()((i lliin iiircl. It'Milli linvIdD; «n(i(in my ft((id«, I (Irdrdiirdd iki' II «lmrt P'trKCildM lit (Iif» |"dr» of Mdiirlidn |(''diiiiili, hm It wn« tliPiicnllcd), mid, iki Hip «tf liKii', Innk |in!»iir liniir* ididiPillftlply nii('C(>pdiii« (iiir Kdh' Wi« lind n rndlldiiiMl hkIp of wind, h <'idii|ip||('d \\n Id He Id iitidci' n rppfcil forp- Ulit* Knn rddiiInK vpiy Iduli, Add prcvpnlpd |Hi'tmiiti« III iliii rdml df 81. l)f>dN lipfurp nf lli« iUllt. A Inlipr tif hdrodditidd Id thn miM rtiMikm^iif^ itittt'lltiiti nt Ihti piicti {(fdfiirpd tm nff,t>nn iti ttutt tft (♦(« mifii m*mi. uiUht-ii «dd uifiHtUtt^ frtffdfl^*! ttt ihn Uilttiii, ffddl frilddi, (litHdtf ^dy tH^it^tlfti iht*H', < M. j(prlfdf-p»| (finf |(((l|(p iflpdddM itiui hat' httnpu IfdKr. nlil'li nrp nVftttn fin' twir" t!;tHlctui «ihHt, flu Iti Md< ld l(«d fl (pft^r( «Md #f*d«p hifMp\tti1\if hud tthMi Mindp i»N«wf( Id ttih («y Hfvftni ttt my huttitftin'tit nhit Uiui ^t«prl"dml If, thiit' plunWrn h l(p«fi»ifMtty «lf((nfpd ni « ffffnt t;1t>iin*ftiti, ftitn- fdrtddfdft « *J**«' "f M«p dcpfifi mUh Mm iitttififticim htithtiti Id »|(p wpet t rtdd lli^ jifTPftf^r fdif t iit i1i^ (ffddddfi, wldpfi flip ^l«yp«i nrf! Hfi|ddypd l« mU Hvrt(ld)^, fdrty 1." *PPW frdWi frd» lidfff<». ffW prtffpp frp*-, ».(dti, fill IdfKt rp*ldpripp «m/id(< Htft P puph had fidt «d Pdllrply (ddilPrntpd Hip Jfddw1^d«p tit Ms rt«. livp lndf{i(nj(p, fiH Id prpypdl Idn pdnvpfsidK '" '* fniddinrly i (liddRli ffdio ldn|( ditiinA t4 H Iht^t^ wiM dftpn pvidpdpp d/ Pdd»(irrn'»«mpnt in titt/tinff Iprttii Id PujirPM HldHPlf. Kv^fyttdtif{ tihttfit IliU |dndfftti(di unvi^ IndiPflfldd df Ihft wp»H|f d/ Hip (rrd|»ric(dr. ShpIi «m iM nyrnrnPtr r, ifn (^x- trpdip dPntdPd*, mid H« f»p«dty i,t il« wn1k«, Hint It Imd didfp tlip •pppnrnnpp ttt n gnriit^n i\fn\^ni'i\ for |i|pfliiy th« dMiiidtfiitw ftr tho Inil trppn lKrrd<>rinK <'f> '•»" I'M- (dlsM I 80 lh«l Hip renidpnt wnn m mi«ih «ir i\#4 Hlw^t* m^i^ m\\\\\ MMAm m iff i^uu ii\ k)k\ I'lil'l,*!;! mII iKi) I , m m\ t HI ir A iwA^^v »v\ \^^ k^[ m^ 1^1^ A \\m w^^\y Hm Iv ^"'''*'«w Mmk(^i\ WW" \m\ w]\\^\\ \'\m mm \\^ f mm \ m mm m \\\m\A lb> kit \.W^\W *^tiH\\H\^ t,'^HW|H!«(\ll\ \m m mil \^ ^vmmUs \v\»M \\ \HwvM^«^(\M\Vt>^ m \m ^\ mml \\ H\ \\m% ^^ m \\\\\\ m. \uwti ♦« Vw^ ^U ^v^v^iyu^v wHvy^ \S \f M\H\ Ih (Milium ( till III . .(Ilil Iliu \Ht»tlHiK')t ii lit 'I,* ill, Milt) llll «*(«ll (I'll (MllttH. ii^>|il|,j| ,,!((, i,f ^ln |ii((((lll. IhiI I ohij kvi(i«iiii liH fli lIHl tt til m tn I iiiilt^t' miiltil'lt (tii^iil ''!•: „rif,;ni It 1)1.,, l\|t' \A I Uit^ filjlld j'Hl tlllil lltl'll' \\\\« IIHhIIi Il'l^tmi m\\' i\\ till" i,IMK> ulut MllN jIll'HHUill M (jMfijt||!»l Ktlm'iiintiilii Hill) hHIw'Im Ii ' liji l.iMinlii), iiiiil »tim ijitMiiitiy ilinl| MHiiM lilt \\\\m\ lit (MH Mttli «.llli It \\ jpitltt, I iyll HU H'tliUH jtf lihllil (III' |iui('li)i.. \\m liiijli HHiimiplliuliii'n »ili')i« hi h^uIiI m. iiilulHiUutl li(M III Hiii»« III liiMui iiiii«ftNHij(ii itUliHiiinj in |(ljU'|liM llMI III nilil) (ilkl( \\\'\\\\ llijHi»i(ii»l ijiiHuhi lull id II HM l,it ill!" KHHi'l'lHlji'll I't liU'.„ , l.t'lll MIK il* HlKllUlim.iJlJKl mm.,, IH liui<| ll«, ^" 'HHi'l'lHIIiilt lif H \i> llHltyiU \iui>lil III l||it«)> Ilil lilt llt( l|i m\4m ll>H>\v.nii| I U'iji 1^*111 ImIUiImmI iviti «lu'll li'lltm'il li) Iti'i nidi) itii> (iiiM ^m\\ giHii i|{nM|iiiiiiiHiii i(iini*i i\nli 11111111 mjliiH it»m|iini, (fn* iii liliiini t: 'I* r Itj^ iftf.W ili|ii|i t!l I'd Mii|tth(lliilii^, liiillliiliKlMiitHiil|»l>i'l 'M milin« lii|\«Uiit«HHl(i Hull IliM j wililmuit \m liliii Hi |it|th m I h iUli'll'il «l llll' 'M\|l>. |ll> i'Hl||lj llll, llllVlll|f tVMtliul lilvll l( l'lll«fllt )llltll hIK' liHllljtlif li»i% I ll(v|('iiiilm«il »IU' (Mi llll' '^i^Hi iif |til4 III llll* ftdVlMUliit'iif l)llil"^^, liilii^ Willi lilrti'l. i/ wiHl low* |tf jlljlllml IU|M'M llll ('licll t||ll(i nl' |lit| I'Kllln. OH' li,'(l\ I'll III ■ildii' ml I'lin Hull, iniil llll" wrtH (uImkmI Willi inlHImv l\imiiur», iinil i'v'i'tt| li«iH«i'l(inlili' ili'iimmtlcnllun of i'MIi(»H, Up um i'\ltU"<-il'll II wUli, H|i»( tiU flKK'fni Mjihilii't iiiinh'r iu>l »»in'i'i'ii Mililv i(nl|iit(«t '"tl *!• Iilifti n ••"•)""' WIW IMilfHUlillil IIM III* ClimHI'ICf ftdll Hfn'M'*"' llin) Mii'H'm"*'!!!!'!! «(» Itf A (h'l« IfoihiiiM III (ill' m "fill" ^f<*t'<«l t'''«'''("M'*i '<'« '< fW^ (||«(|M'I'( /(If f|(M (jhl'ljlHM/ ^».lll|^W(iMlfi|M [PjiIII t^(ll(|W«lll, Hill! ki ''f. ••'r dill! I! (HI . Nil* , , if lIlM liHjdiiKl, t^lfll (lit'lf IMllft^fs ((iiMhfl )il llltll^ llltllt)l(< IIM (|.«(0<('I fliKII ftl.l iifll'lll/ M iiiiif filing iiitiiHir' |il«i, S((Hl fl III . ,,.«(o.('i fiiKii fill i>(ii'i't/ '** *'' ihn^iinii\ JIimI h. I'n'i'i"* l^'"' '" '••' '"Miii'i"Mi(i ii'i |() iliilh fiil(ll|'fit iKiil .'I'ltll'' *t!i''fi IV'fn . (lf<((1llllN(» Mf (ItM ClWIIt^fl i^'lfllt, iU^ll 'ii(h'i) itK^if idrtiitt^ii'd III miiifiiuiiiii* it«i il HIKl ^(iMl'llft* (If »*«( (('if« n^iiw jtiviiijif iM« Hilif ml I'/iiiiii's^ fill' tt/iiii'liH/i iii^c IN rtii "«. iif I'liiili'ii'ti'l iif li iUifi'ii'iti Idiiil A III «llt|l l|Mil, fl'lll/ll ll|f ((Itt'll^ «"' I'" "(i. «i|ii(|il(Mii rtiiiT ffiit Inrirt, (ittiUHrt)' (llMt'llCIMl'll fif |fl(V/l t^i'll^df /^ilfft« III mill liiHii Miiiiiiil iM»»"l '^•1 "ftll ^^Kl" Hll* ii(ji|)li||Hl| IM ( li/Mi" ( (llilt rt1llui'ii!li fill fiHi i(|iiiiiiiiti|il(ij( jiliiij III" iinin i iii.NN<'fi«(| fii (iij«riiiii f'li* m ifiiHi W(if' ||it iiiiif itfi, (Vfi(f *vji^(t wllfi liili'/|«i' ImIi'CdM, Ml" fpnU 0|t (llIlM lift vVjIfl llll' fll^l «( IfiC jiiii'i. flic r,«ni'rt«l"^, ('r*l fh'' iili' f»' J with |lii> aIiiimIn riiiil jilfiiliiMlloiii nf i.hl^ rtl'i'l IiimIIIIiuIc, fl l« (limi nil Id /'(irtnUk^, Vm dill Ii ftiriii|f1rtlil(' lir'diiil^lilf'i* I'imiIiI M , ffi.iYi ill (lliiifl « (Ihlnril'P. (IffUlftlif K" mIi|o('I wiiiiiMit i1("«ii'/i^yin(< iri rtriit ilini iiImi'ImI iMi lii)iiry, «i'i>fiiMl illftiiml rtilfil Tl|i< uhlfi Wrt« iiiiiiiiilliilcl/ \Vrtr'«iwl up, ffifMl fihrti' III Oi« ^iiitfil iliJji fliil llii« f'iiifi(fiiii1ii('i> wrty Ihi^ I'HIiiii'Ii mun lhi» (i(nrtff1 nhlp rtiiil ti'iiiu l\ti* [|»)l1, In rtnrtnncn Vcr\<'rti Iril Iii1«lrt|f rt Hut ivf th«« nfllclfK cKmnirtlnK jljtiHiii III iirtd 9irf?f("f i"lll/iw'*ff i^'w f(/(i hill /)Mf.(lif',wi«'MT, •ml W W «i> 'i.tr|l ((f fl»-M^ fHflUllf'i III (ili^ j/il/<' f lul'U ll^l'fllj I'fl' f Wh(f||iiitl;f.fi H(iMil'i|j (/' ''i/i'fl ni'Wii f^m III ,v, i(«iiiif i(Mii«Mili (Kiif i>im' f». w pUiinti'if t(ii%H (imi fdii Ill 'I iiifff uiti.mii'M'.i, iiiM II iihtu IhKhm «< M^tfil (If {ji>* pm^m ^mHfifl i ihH', ti'iliHiUt 1. fill (ill/ (/ll/c I'lul'm il^i'fliji'l KMiiiih Iif Wi.(|||il|tl;f'»i fifllil ii( (f'l(iMil(i|j (/' f(j|t(« ^('(i','/ i^Mo^ '!< .|»;», l|/)(4 'lirtd" r/ii-M^ h'liimiJi iiiHi^(if*t I 11 I ((l-chWl I') Hllfllltl'IH 'III I fill (ill/ j/ll/c Id i, II'I* kU' ill *.h« |(( (.iii»'ijiiif fM (If i(ii'iii/i(((i/f'U«' I'l** 'rtlo. '/''"''i It **(|«lu'(ii«ij(iu llm/. III liifi'il lliij /iii((*ii(irtl \ini\ '•'»'(/ ' IhlHr i;ii(ir«li Wl(|i AdiClMiy'if imf>ii},i>f.i)icul, iihiiim //d'iitii('i< (Ut* vfijii'i II' i\, mi Ui tit^ §ifiifti|(i^ fi'|iiv<jl /iijfll'ii*, wiMi jM if'')ii"''"d'''l vt- ([l"ir I jiih! Mi/iI Ifdrn i^/fti fin jii)f/,Mlir»ln !> ii |f 'i/< nrrt^^iff '/f *»! Ami'fi'rti' ttrW^\ffim IM ^hrtf Ihiil ('iil'h tiM\i\ii(tii\ iint> ,Ai,um hi»V« it Mri. it»tr)<'y l|; in'iihffijf hOjIllifU-ii ffi l,hi\ i>inif*t} of thtf ffifin^h Iff t^tf^i^mt^t rtfi'lvi'it flin f'rfnflwriii*' /n^Vitf*^ «m4i/^flri|^ Mf (K*!/!*, DiX rtrt*f fnilli ^'i.m|Wdy*ii nhift i(fi)if 'ni4 Aii\im \/i/}iUh ^fiiiltiil in ihf ruptiirf *^ l.fil« ihljf v*'tll rifdii iiffi'ini(«il IV^ mff^if f'Mvirtc^niii >fr>/f K«lln(il, ^hli'lt t>)^ nuvnl «finl»1v nlnf hp/l mof" Midri Hifl itWft ^i/ifrtjifflrri'-n* *»/ ifi/'fi for I* f'»it)ip«fiy'i« nW(». Hut, »n *(/f4lfl/»ii Mr I he or^liiinry mvnM, nf ttf(,ftiAtiy »r»/), (Wcru ihK iffiojw iinfl p«MM»|!fii^i», mi6 Mtpff. ^fif^ fM M^ M MihVfttAMHS vntAnir* lVH»i'H, rtMt< «rt»f fH>» rt»1v«Mi«|t* "nr hh ift\ti^tt Uy ntnvrt^. (vn>l whifh i« ttnMMWr»< tw mv ttrtVS'«^\ rtf tV^ip lr>rtWm«H«^W', tirtWf VV»V hi» WAV \s^ jf*H1ii^^ <¥k t\\t» SVrtV^t^ Vi'^rt \N-YM»1\^ WIKVV ^«»t*tt *»rt»T« f6 i\\* i'i*\SiA\-K W-ft^ WiS^ M^VV p^vrtt. rt» sh«« «-rt» !«^>^^ jwlwr^^ftMy vvith ^i<1 t«;rttt\w^i jp^wr^-ftr* \^«w>\i\s, w^^^t*^^ \s^ iMiA n\ti\ i\\^ t^Vviy \vs h\s\^\-^s^Mi' its y\\* rtwtt vWi ^1% 1^•fl^r\1yv, With «\>\M^n<«i tM^ ItW.Ortrt \Ao^>iii '«>\ mvt'^*^ *^A ty\'\fty>V w-«* »r>yt <\ft hy i\w nCr. rt\^ ^1^1^ \>\\tv.^ !«t««hy*^>w<- iW WYvfr^iy. >>ii1 »1nAH\-. tho furl of tWiV wmK Mirt^h ftfl SW\V>iyvi1 M Rfr^^f'oW <^Ortii^. x^^^it^lN i>H»y hnA w^ ■it* ih<^ 1^\y <^i l^o^iR-.^l. tvw<- eA }(»N'«»«tly "t<% i^wtm^iY « ^^Mif^ fiy-^mi^ tiw^tv^s touring ihv ovi M lW»* #-<'^«f* A T^<^« ♦em w^>«'stvwfw>v >^•«s wvs^*w«M ivfi H^>»«vig"#s ii^ ««■« rt vrt-y Hniflltlt', Bi-t-ttRrmt, nmi |i|iv«iri l>i»«iMnil it'mit, wlti* urti an mfttntfitir ntttifliJ rrt|»«rtlii of I)ti1|iiitiis. Ni» sniitu't ttnn jir) thh imiii'i-. Iltrtit, li)fil))rtltlf' of i«lt|t|iH"iiiril ♦(> l)c lltp ttnly AMtftlinnl '('l(rtt»j|ri'. I'lin i>n»i<, wHIpIi Irtlil liliit »ni r«)t- »l» wppltx Mo^t»»«lrt« p«prt|ipi| tittlhJtURti. VVp p)ti»ptlrii| nftptwiititu, [\\ (m IntPH'rtnMP «lMi Imp irvntn. niuhhi^ Itut tin- pivlllty md jtollin^ which rttf j>»ovpt-l»lnlly hp«H'h. Si>mp «imp \\\ thp \\\im\\ of Upppmlu-i, j)H»p »l»li» RpHt \vn« noltl to ft OiiHP 11)1 111.; t\io)»snhii MiMP )io»)ihptl tli)llrt)«. StioK MJ x^lUcli "^hp wrto iMit \m fk)r tVplpht t>)f lrati)ii|»| hpl»\g Prtilp«t thp ri-o^ltPttt, rtUil Hrtvltig tttttofn ti\ hpv tlip j)rtitp|« nfn MiT|trtf thrtt mm, Dfnll ih»r« ht«»ibpA ton* hiuthpM. \\\\\ rtt tht« (V\v )\p(no«s wpvp iIpsIwu") of n-plttl)th) j t"l nHip 5 rttu< rtll t;)^nnhl«»-P»1 ihp H?k lort |i[ii'ii| i)\{« \-vmpK hothrtn tt^'PiMint of llip iIpHpIihI lijr POtJ S^^g ♦^^'^ o\Prti\>« lo»Hsj)p«*rthlp f\\\- |mttl«n hpi ii*a \ iviIpv thp"(p plhM»m?>t)\«rp«, ovpvtutps \vp)r J to M)-. Shn^pv rtud my!»p|f to bright thtt slilfj rhislM^ly. ivoil \Mti\ A jiftvth'^lnr lUH-pn^tMrnt, «o l^^>voVi\ im^iiPt iy ov j»ft««p»\iii:t'v sooohl l)r \\ 0)\ ^^Ort^'^l lVvm» wpif h)\t lo (iti>|mHh))) dj v)!»K I ihp ftppowoiottntloon i\n- ootupivp'* »<>l\iplO\)<> A\\x\ ti'^jMlMn ( t\\P phttMPP M thpii^ nMO'SP SOxNtt 0|>P«IOH \\\\\\ AlMPVil'A UIH't'Ht ft«i\ wp \\m\ hoth hpoi^oip pi^onlly tlvpti of ix of \ttrtPtlvUy» tiM ^^f o\o tT»l»h««p)^ rtt thp ' iN'Attpp. N\>, thpvpfoir. pop^n^tt to i\v\%^ th<* t\\\\s, m\\ 8t\«\»lrttpi< to KftI) \\\ n\\\\ fw'WW thp AAif of t1\P in^Otl-rtPt. 0)Oi«A thp ivo\ttlO(Wv ivf this ««>! thp p»" w^ooth. tWiv wrw «pvvvrtl rtn-IVrti* (N-ooi Vm^ \\\w)\ ««AV\SP)i A ll»P lO thl^jHWyof li)P|)1^)(l\li1 thp \^\hy\A of f\l>pp)\ or i\\T>«ty i)AV op»t (VA!<<^')\^ hvlg ^^^^)o |^0)oh<>o. with fiioctppd I A\r\\ h^gs )Sf ^(M^Vp. wax phAH)[»\< 00 sh)Mv ti-i !?W!l-hsh ^^i|J,■rtto, OPrtv to tltttp HhPVj nn^ii Nx^^sspI AO»l ^0^^^^ Of thP Prt)gM XWVt lout. AWiioAtiiW Mi\ \mmv wiMV nlvvo to tl)p !«x of thp ^^Uiv hy iV \xNo)\ft )0P0 AttArhp)! (<^| tx\•^^ OAtu'oM ship*. Srtt)0-rtUMP AOil (ipO|»i'« «n<1<>v \W. iMmo\fti\P oi\ thi^ nn\t«' trt Npw HpIIi Artil thP TAdt^O OxN-Att, \V« A XiWA^ of fl!«e of BPtPi-nl ypur^ thi^fifloMi ii««l, I I pniiitl Jiitlup ff'tti n ''iu-f«ory oltsprtn- Itp. ttrtN luttliliitt Hiiittrdfil ttiUi Mif fir- .1 Hmf inMiiilspil il iifMiiiiHup. Amlnltln phn- 1 bf Him )rt(t« notPt-Mttr --lnllMM»n'f»tf pi-kfi. IllirtHi.— Jiltnldit-limlnH f)ii hip tit fthp t'lok. Miifpovpr, oiir uhlp wn« no ^Itil ittRilp «o wni'UliP nil n)i|tpitffltipp, thnt JHtw httt littlp pIiiuipp Ihitt niiv niiliiPt- Irnk [ftlirntp >vonhl «|i|»ronph witltin fpwli of M • I^K Avt-ppit thnt wp Rlioiiht nvniil, If iinMi- InKliig; niiy vpk^pI, niiii Oml wp Rlimilil lti>tig witv to thp Ritiith of tlip Citito of lopp, \Vp itptonuliiPtl nlitii (o nvniil upp- nplpim or A^ittPttnlon, or IiiiIpimI nity Iniirl, k«> liittPttf htNlttft Kl^ht of Dip IhIp of iliiiir< n«) nhnulfl itpi> tho Imtil Ahotit Fitir liln I nnil Itt'forr pottiltipf mi with thin, to 4$ mnUf A httig iWW|» to Ihft ncnlnnti, and npttnaok (hid (in(i4 oy«t th« nioi-p fprtllp, tint) in thin rp«pp(!t< lM.< fnvonfwi IsIp of Moiii'lion t for tlip prodnop of thfi Initer Is priiiplitnlly (rnn«portpd to thp Isle of Frnnpc fof piiihnrkntion for lllnropp, thin hping thootht i ^iiinllcr Iticonvpnipiipp thno to lond the ships In Its oppii mi\ dnngproos fondntpsds. Th« t^WM foniipily pjillpd Port IjokIs. nnd more reee' i^jr I'ort Northwpst, is sittnitetf oh the eiwtern ifitt- gin of tliP linrlioiir} whpnre it nttends hadt iipnriy n oiIIp to llie Chnniti de Mnrs, a spa^ktui lipid dpnlliiPtl for the exercUp nod the rpview of tiiio|w. The view from the town is litnited on ttip north nnd nmith hy hilln, on whitdi are made tliP dlgnnU to dpttole the npiironph of vessels} on the east, hy thosp vpry irrpgnlaf monntalnsi f^nllpd I'iptpr-lloolh, the Poopp, and Piton-dJti. tnillPii-dp-ri|p, wlilcli have an elevation frotti (he sen of tlii'pe to four htindred tolses i and on the west, liy I he ticpatt nnd an nnlnterrtipted hoflaem, Tlie lioosps niP, with very few etpppllons, fnilH of wood, in n uvai, pretty style, and generally of one story. The pulilic liiiildingn are commo« (lions nittl nsefdl, fnit are not of a deseription tq nil met theohservnllon of a stranger } exeepting, perltnps, the goveruioent-hoiiNe, which Is spa- eloiis and airy, and Is so situated as to eommand n One view of Hip hnrltonr and shipping, 'fho s(re(>ts are rpgnlar, of g(tO(l hrpndth, generftltv plenn, nnd ninny of tlieni are ornamented with trees. The lin/.nnr, or tnarket for meat and ve- getnltlps, Is on a large s(|uarc eontiguoui to the govprntiient-hoose. It ntfords Itut a scanty pIioIcp of entnlilc;), nnd those not the hest (ti tlipir kinds, nnd Also indicntes great disregai'd of thnt clcnniiness which is particularly desirafile nnd proper in a market-place. The nnmher ()t inhnhitants ninonnts tuaoout thirteen thouaandi two-thirdsof wlinin are slaves. There was ai this time a yersun at (he Isle i^t 46 tii.ftvfcLA»ii*ii VdVAnes h««W. yf\ww wm\p, I hiive fbrgottpti, Mho be- lieved himself to he imsspssecl of a powet to dis- cover rthlects «t sen, spvpiul hundred utiles fur- ther off lh*n any other person eoold tee. He {iretettdpd to see vessels so dlstrtot to windward, hAt thp) would only arrive, according to his cal- tulfttlon, In three or l\»nr daysj and as they oflen did arrive ronfhrmahly. xvliiih, fTotrt the fhequency of his predictions, was not surprising, he made many converts, tf they failed to come, it did not phjve that he had not seen them 5 hnt that they had passed hy on their way to India. The man evinced that he was eqtmlly deluded With others, hy afterwards putting this faculty to a fair test, thrr)ugh the means of the Imperial government. They sent him out In a frigate, ftttd the ne9it dny sent another, with an under- itandlng that they were to come within fifty or ilxty miles, and then approach till they dis- covered each other. In the meantime, the watt of long sight was on the look-out, hut Mras unable to discover the other fVlgate at a greater distance than the generality of the crew, Attd consequently was obliged to take his station, itt this respect, with other mortals. The (5o\Trnor, who had lately deceased, mm\ for whose memory the Inhabitants appeared to entertain the most pn>t\)und respect, seemed to have been peculiarly fitted by temper, disposition, Attd judgment, fi>r the \^ry tro«d)lpsoute ami difficult times In which it was his flestlny to •Ct. A more despotic cou\mander, one accus- tomed to the promptitude of military obedience *ttd stwttuous to exact It, wimld Inevitably have (tetished In the early period of those turbulent times, when liberty was understood to be the vmcoutrolled indulgence of ex-ery oassion ; and each day art\)rtled some pi-actlcal illustration of this belief. In these times of anarchy, General Malartle vx-isely viclded to the storm which he MtW it wo>ild be (iestnu^tlon to i-esist ; and by an Ituparent acquiescence in measures which he ^aapproved, softened or anteliorateil, as much M possible, those acts of the doiuinaut party ^which he could not contwl, and which he saw iPdttId he li\jmiou8 to the pwsperity of the iaUnd. This dominant p-- ty were the Jacobins. Professing to be e\clusi\-ely the tnie ftiends of liberty, they did not pe»"ceive the tyranny of per- secuting and denotmclng as traitoi-s all those dtiKens who dared to expivss opinions opiwsed to their own. In close alliance, and amalgamateil with these, WM* the enynatmi's and privatcers'-men ; a nu- merotiB class, composed of dashing jx)ung ad\-en- turen, whose object was exclusively the acquire- ment of fort\ine, unrestrained by any law, moral «r ^vine. Yet these JennMi pem, as they were Ceiled, were g«tMty of no acts of cruelty that I MW or heard of; hnt, on the contrary, i>ehavcftfc8. As this ileclaratlon did not np|ipJ any of the periodicals of the time, I infer, ( It was not known beyond the limits of] Island. This opinion is, moreover, strengtlicncii^ its ceasing to he acted upon as soon as iIipJ Ject for widch It was made was secured in I fornt. (\ar, while this act was In fhll forrJ American ship arrived from France, cnnil with the flag of the United States diRplil and was adntitted to entry without a questim the proprietary ; the cargo was disposed of, 1 when the vessel was ready, a clearaiirc [ given for lleuRal, with as little delay anil inrj tatiou as If tliR public authorities wen* qualnted with the hostile act in question. Il« it was apparent, that the government Ii8ii| disposition to enforce the observance of adJ which had been extorted fhim It 1 and wp coidfl not fail to be pn^udiclal to the linn terests of the Island. At the same time it j not less apparent, that the party possessn nmch energy and strength as to control (lie} vornment wlienever It was for their lnt('ipi| to do ; while their respect for It was llmitM| the observance of unimportant forms. there(V)re, less surprising that they shoiil*! committed sonte acts of Injustice and than that they should have beenrestrainetlj any bounds, which arrested their progress ivj pursuit of fortune. The preparations for expediting our ship I advanced so slowly, that the 20tli of MarolilJ arrlvetl bcl\)re every thing was in readlnofn i gale of wind, amounting almost to a hurrin which caused the ship to bring home lior I chor«t and almost drove her ashore, was i cause of embarrassment t the difficulty of( lecting the great number of men required I such a ship was another ; while each additiq day's delay added to the chance of the an of the blockading squadron, which would us shut up in port for the space of annil month or two. This pro)H)rtlonally inoifi{ the anxiety of the captain of the Cronherg. wh expenses, if detained when so near the poinij sailing, wotdd he ruinous. On the '21st of Miij therefore, as this dreaded Interruption liR Aral of June, being in latitude 44o nd longitude SS« west, we spoke an American schooner bound to Lisbon, who rt< ported a continuation of the war in Burope, hnl knew nothing relative to the political atate of Denmark, with strong westerly gates we made rapid advances towards the Qrknev islands, and saw them on the 9th. The next (lay we passed by Pair Island passage, near to which we saw m nhip hound to the westward } and the day fol- lowing, when abreast the Na«e of Norway, we sftoke a flanisb flsblng-hoat, and received the astounding information of war between England and Denmark. We were told, that the fleet of the former, after having bombarded the Da- nish capital, were yet in Its neighbourhood, and that we could not proceed farther towards Elsi« nore without being intercepted by a firitiih cruiser. Directing our course, therefore, more In shore, with a view of entering a port in Nor- way, on approaching it we flred several guns for a pilot, and succeeded In obtaining one, who conducted us into Fleckery, where we anchored towards evenina near the fort. An ofHcer im- mediately boarded us, and confirmed the infor- mation we had received from the flshemtan. Our passage, of only eightv-four days, had been, in every respect, the pleasantest 1 hail ever made. Being securely anchored under the guns of a Danish fortress, we could not help reflecting up- on the risks we had encountered ; so much greater than we bad anticipated, or would have taken, had we been aware of their extent. We con- trasted our present situstion with what it would have been if we had fallen into the hands of a cruiser. And our emotions of gratitude, of satiS' faction and delight, at we thought of these things, were in proportion to the Importance of the object attained, and the dangers escaped in the attainment. In high spblts at the unex- pected demand for our cargo, and ita conse- quently increased value, we set out early in the morning after our arrival for Christiansand, where tite Danish Commodore lay, with a fri- gate and several corvettes. Our first visit was to the Commodore, who congratulated us on an escape which he termed almost miraculous, and advised, that, vrithout delay, the ahip should be brought to Christiansand, as he considered her position at Fleckery an unsafe one. Accord- ingly, as soon as practicable, thia advice waa followed. Perceiving it to be impossible for the ship to go to Copcilbagen at present, and uncertain how long thia state of thinga would oontinaet Mr. Shider and myself determined to proceed thither without delay. For this purpose we engaged tt passage in a coasting vessel, then on the point of sailing for Nybourg. We dined at the pub- lie-house in Christiansand, at the iabk iPMti, with a number of young men of the country, whose pursuits appears to be mercantile. I supposed myself to oe generally acquainted with the European oustoms on such occaaions i but • ceremony waa observed here, which I tftttrwardt 41 )tt*y \Y i1<> Vnn," " "'»'< <)in!f rHq^Hle of s«rH mil- Wk-*«l ohspVVrt^W'r, tllrtt A »»PHlrTt, rtf U Wmtlil hp crtttHltlrtt>»\ rt"* mvi»)\ttMr>1y M M»p i^s»' of thcttlgM HrrtttlrVo»mr<«>vvon)rt)i1r, niirl rtt rtrtWh SV* \VpV»» vA)M »o p«iA!«»rtp;p, \r> \\,\\\v\s trt»« pliPrtfU ron- tHh\»tril, Mof 1p««< \\\- rtn nltcnHort fo onv \vi\ntK. lhA« \>y mftnllV^tinjt one of tVo most rtii^irtMc, i^rpj-^O. rtrtil brtvvy fbn»nrtp»« Wp t^fti\ pvp^ niPt. t>rt tljP kAWp rtrtV \vr pmsspti I^p I^pU. j» Imp fpVi-y.Vrtrtf, tn INM-upMr. rtnil sipjit fltpvp, \>rtVi"B: Oii^V'^Ti! \)os1 -)l>ovVtti^g;. \p'*on\\n|h-,ftf «PVr« n'plorfc om t.ip Vlt»1f>, W-v srt rttit iVnm rortt^n-.\tt rt vpvy r1«iw«y \\-ftgli|t>tt WUl^ont s^Miogs. IVit llip vniiih wpvp WtV gfOOil ; H\\f\ f^K" t^pVU of I«\1lrirt«t \ pj|;ptnHoO Anfi hpftntfiNil vpi-rtm-p, wbirh n^pt thp pyp on \n\1?v\ sM«, \Stvp i1\c mow stiikdiii;, rtttWplUp, AXtA \i1rrt!«t!», i\vm hHWvifi bpfrA sh loip; fcivrntvimptlio ifio ^iWc^pjI p«vth. rtnil ni>-ttf vp- l^imion of ft tix>f»ti'n1 pliniflfp. Nvp «olii'pi1, on ipit!» p\i\TV tl>p ni»hp!« of anpionf t^trft rtv ^pi"OPR. Amv-ittg at ipn oVIopK >^ IhtltTK ^ m!»ar««?prv\( hon*r. whpir \\r Wrir V'"^- \idrtl Aith iMmfni-tftMp Apmlmpnts AW\\ f^M\^ WWH^inrnpnt. Ilvivp Vrftrs h<\A no^^ olsi^^pil Mncp \ T>ft<^ \\i^A Wv twVT>nnts fiMm howr. liaj^rv, thrivfovp. to t>M«{t« WTttp iflfiiwdtiiofl irtnrtXT^ fx\ my mn- W>*i>t«». I V»TTit lont, r«r1y in thp mo^-ttinir. in WrrWrit yvf sortf i>f n\y fV>nntv>nttrn. nnd ftrri- wwttrth- TY\t»t y\ith ftn r)?d ftx-tjuftintidnt^. TtPmily fW>m Si»*cm, yx-fttx osstw*^ mp M ihp "fuMtivt nf my frtfTK^s, only ^ frxv xxrrKfc Wfrtvf. Hvfl":. 'evWy thing ifp«W<1 to tv»nmv ttS «U np thf Kw>» » Tify >W my |f(xx1 f«Mt»in*», HnA to \^n\\ fftWh x*o**\>P8Poiiding rmotions of prutitntlp to t^t* ffiptt ffivw of «H p>oi\. K\^ftotafl\ |>p»op Ix^Tfn Knglsti'd nnA !Vn- % Y>Ofl»oqw«(toft, hhA bwn «tvhrd to Kot^Rrftv IIW <«tp f6 tjWCoH, VPf Kht' dM wot AYTiNf in 'CV»f<»n^n|ron fH^rr iW IfHh of .T^ily. Hf'ft'r**, ^♦(^ "pii'««Nl K month With no othrv Orm^Mitioii 'rtwtx if»1»wrtwg in th* »Tww!<» m c wt ^ rtf t^ rity fcn^ Thi(MT nw #*(v cHm »k>iv, WTilvt> n stnmippr m «(|rr«»sMy than ■•dfiivnHneMi. The ww snrt hwintyof th* Bnuhix*. rMfVpr.AwtiSt VrttAnf.1 Ihp pirlPiill H|H»Prttrti(i'f of tllh Il0(l„|) |ioli"p. A Plii'ipf PtiltlllnnMoH «lli i'rnnl|i,M tlllll IttI l|fcHI)lrttil|i;M 01 llltilllticps, ulllili ortVmlvp to iiip piiMip, UK' ittutiPilifit.K tpptpif : lll!>1 MirIP (IIP ?U) lipftjtilt<; In lu. Willi ; nml Mini tllptp Is IJip 'most |)rtlr.i I'litHv fni jtcioi'M niiil inojirtiy. iltp t 'im|* wliicli i'r>'ll|y ' fiirlp tlip f|(y, tire l"iv.i, nith II iiu'iIiIp ron of llihp-tipps. otfVilii-j nJ tpn^i\p mill ilpllghtfnl nalk to nil clrtsHi-M, „,.] (M)iittlly i1(< of tlw Un.;™^ jmlncp, \\\\\ih i!« ivitliln llipplfy. nip llii-mi in snmnipi-, nnil iiflVnil n pnni liml |>ipnRiiiii i I'm- thp Rrty iinil dllp of hoth nptps. Hih h.-I «oH most ftpqiiPiitpil h tl(p prti-ilr'n of Hi snmmpr vphIiIpiipp, f'"ipilpHplpn. ih\ thp WAV to the!»f» f^ftHpint, a llftlp lir^ thp wpMpin jrttp of th« rify, Btm! In thp tui of thp vonit, W pvpptpri A vpVv hrtitiUoinp iil» of In-own !»ionp, on a sqnaVp hasp nf wnl nnil on prtph povncr of thi;< hnsp U a hamlj mavhlp ftpmp. Thp ftnjt- niP pmhlpmmii iVncp. tMcnfy, t'ontpnt, nttii Imlustty. hpijtlit of tlip ohplhic \n ftiHy-pifrht; m fppf; nml Its nhlppt Is fo commpmoj-ntr it i-nm*trtnip hljH^ly Intpvpnting in tim j-l'j thi-opist, nml trt thp ndvopntP nf pivll ami th»^ >i^\\t% nf wiAtt—thp pmAt^t?l<>fttttt« mi DanWh iirn^Antvy, vxlilrh tnnkiilAOp .UminnJ l«t^t>, \)\\ onp imnAt^ nf thp bnoe Is \ni vin V>nttish\ " Vn rhrlntfan V'U., KlnnotJ ]>anps nml )Nor\\-T»(rlAtt«. IVnm tmlted ftnrt M cUi^pns." f>n thp n^mnsltp, " thp fniJ tion stonp w-A« Inifl hy ri-piipvlpk, son of tlir j thpfVieml of the t^p'opln, \7ft2." On tlv of thp ohrhsW. " Thp kinjc Is sprtslbW. tlimj Uhprty, ilptPt-minpil hy Jnsf IftXX-s.bmdnppMi of ir^finntry. itnri ronv«|W( to ilrftmd It^ tlir ( of instiwtion. the tAstp tW lAhoni-> «tt«l the j of hi^if>inp«s ; hp hns ov»t*hRii, thnt soii shAll ronwe, thftt t"omt>tlt«ilp in thp rxwntn^n of »i«ftl Iaw s < in ohlpv iliij onltivftttVp, fVpo, rrtrtrnrPOMSv pnlif htpnpd, ii tnons. Anvl irtwwl, may lioT«owe ftn nstlmshlf hA»)pyntirpn." VhV {n'f Hownhrrf , «n shionptl \pil«, whirlA Ha* W^tt Iwillt vt\w\ t*"o rT>nt»iri*«. arp kefit th« cvown nnil ,i>' \v\y han«lsomp And oim}>lptP dining pq'iip thfp f>ni"«5t pwhi. milvw And mosnir tahl* lip Hfv. IM tftp ' n<\mri? rtf Afttpllcltilfrg, lit tltP rptitfp 1^ n rtltn »'t|iif^t»lrtHnt|ii'i IiHhiiImi'IIiiii, nf-f tillkp iic"pi»- tW HiiH» imH, Itf Hie in. All ilriiDiKllinHnim nf H'llRlntl Mt' tti- f,lll>'RHV(MM«IP«». AtMMtltt tllPfm|1llllt(lliM >nip mrt^iv i«trtpHt>'f thi* (mimni'il "tools of liiislinHtltv 't«ort»» of tM»ltlvntioM Im"* Itppn rtttpiulntlt pf1\>Hs liy tUp mo»-p pHlltfhtPMPil I'Ui- only \sn\\\n\ suitpss. NVMtetr tin tu\- trt l)p (IpHvpiI fV»>m ihtiovtttloM H Is ^tPi1( rt«nvp, \n Bssistltig to rpppive Afiril spII thp ent^tii wns n fprjr plps- <AfAtlom for snilln^i,— A ptotcrlbad t'ole. — Trenlv of AmlM>«< — Uiiubtfid proKpentg. — A stttrm. — The vaimI la ieo|inrity. — Snil frutn CiixhAvou. — AfHfdl tl urnnd CioisriB — 1'he town.— Seatcity of tot^otl- sltiiis — SidlhiB quBllIlM tif the fessel.— AftlrBl A( BiiMfa f'rne.— it^-Bhiiisy of the A«iihortHe<— Mette- dluthie ciiorPitt.— Wpenery of the flA* of Hlo. — Tim fltitiediittl.— UepBrtttre l>t»f« ltlo,-^l'»««Agt» ritiotil (*np« Merti.— A mnn nverboArd.— ArrirAl At V-'vmi-BUot The voyAiire, whitdi was hpguti with stiph tPif pntitt-APted tiieAtis, At MilVre ne OrAPP« in the »u tiimti of 175)7, And was completed by mt fcfrivAl At (]oppnhAgpii, in th^ summer of 1801, hAd l)een primnptl with n siipppas fnr sufpAailng my most sAtignltie AnticiuHtiuns. The fnrtttne I hAcI gAitied WAS Amoly snfflpient to etiAble me to live ltide-> ppndpntly in the moderAtp end unostentttloui style which i prop vitv And excitement, to he reooneiled to one of Indulgence And repose. Inileed, It ii gener«Uv (i.KVRIiANb'll HI IH Mt>w tiiivt>Httirpw Hftka, In hm^tfil In Mti«tHtrHrttt to thM iittrctmiii nnt^nHiinl »\s \\w )«t-«>(vtlhtK imfii. till!* fHmtiltii wtiiti \m ¥{\m\A hnvf Iipp»» )r»t«df »Mi|pmt»yHrrtim«t«»t»'Mi tint \^lti>h, MA lit Mil« timi*. I fntilii hn«r. m wr Mm^rmti* IM N vinniip w»n»ti Hip tvrt»-li|, lut tHnl IVIWttI ilttH fVllilw .|»rt««i tit|r''H)ri' \»p Itilil tll«i«»HHP»l thP |»l-i«)i'i't nf H t«v«K«« in i\w «!>«♦ fOrts* of Amnlcrt t rti>tl, In diHMlk \tt« Imtl nil lltv im;i'i>i nf rt»p p^tp»i«lvi» AmpHpuM nmuiipn'p witit ll«m- h>ilir^. ^vp i|pti»imlMP«l tn t»tiU'pptl ttHhnt p|tv,ln thf ptw»(>t*Hmt i\1 |mti*\)HMH[ unci* n «»« nn up iil- W)im\%\<^ rtf tw< v«*nl»h mwvhn«tii» p*rh of wlm»n \vrt« imniilpil VMth AH •wrthMrtnn |»H»rtj thp ivpii«pnt n»p of w^iifth »N>mpi< to ln> o«i)oHttgtltR t««tlnoii \\\\\\\^ \^Mw\\ 00 hoMnl titp |Mpkt>t. AOw Imvlot h«>((>o foov (tiiyn oo Imm-tt, ilovlofit Whl\*t», (\\\\\\ th<» »t>«PO«'p of pvpi y oooifort of hp- «^tO0\tV«^t(on lOol ftU>it. \VP ROrtV'Wrt giv*t«»t |0l- V«f lOOK \\\M Hn> o<(onUy p\|ii«H«>orp«t oo a )m!«!iiut« «0^M»» tl\»» AtlttOtlO, \v^ \wvv «U \T»VV itlAil to Im* bottwl on t^p \*\tiwA of l^mpiT»o. ifpt-o wp took K«t-hoi««« (V>v HMnttn^Kht iin«i uti-ivpit thptv on « t4tK of \n(tit«i. \\> Unlit 8i>ntP «tontitii \vh<». Ijiwrwii- ii|itn^r«nt'«, hnvlng hml noonportnnltjr «l Mtiktnf oni" t^^llptu (Vn- wvptnl Hnyn, uns not. •ft WW* vifnt Hi* lnn«tUmt*!i iMlmtHtt^ nvt or x^lii^thi^v. ak thfv »ii(rt, tli«ii- Ky>n«M Wfw* «o M\ \\\a\ thpv «*o«UI noi \ ft>r, MNr Wving uniniH^owfVkltv tvUt *t thttsi* lUi- flftWint \w^h^ w* MSTftw tln*ily ohlln;*d tt» \o»t tt|i %itK itt^HMt in i)\t f\nHU Bhn-y of tlip Kmmp- v«m|ii(\Hy«i. Pwrthtwr oWMtviiiion* ho^w»>-«i', i?on - >4t««*[< «i ihut th* dit WHS wnoonimonlj' pwwit- ««l ( M> In •diittlon tift thp tnnltitnitp of Ktmntpn, wKo >wr« th*w ftMr «^nnmpt\'lii< \n»rj>oiii»«, Uipw Mnew <♦ thirty thonwmd Fwn(*h •tMicrMitft. H«n^ lh« tttffionlt^v w« «K^H«no(!«l In flM^n^ Kn^initii. AAm* »om« «lAy«» xvi> »no> «tuU(l in fwirin^ng nMM« ki a (>ri\nit« Iiousp in IK« <3tmii St. Mi«hM)*ir<«tn!«t. t% WW soon ohvfmw tlnit M«r« sHonM m«pit tvith wo «MtMHrrM*ni«nt in timlinit twrf^ a vntfnfl «iot«»«t 10 onr |M\rtN>M ( (V>r %ht notntvpY- of Ain«ri(>an ^WMCiU in iioifittMMtKsl n« n cKnit^ Atmottoqud) I* %W is iMn«!l in «ny on* of ih* miit com m»m In t h* linitvit $t«t«s. in i^locting » M ImmH of ^^rhich \hwt Mr*s m VH^s|tc«t of Vfl¥Atsl4ll * |tiiMlo|| two m thtui* ) Attil lit lilt,, itrllPt-p ff ItNlHi «ntl AHIpIm Iff P(titl|imPhl mn lioitlttriil nttNltitttiintt It WM Itttttoftnut to ^ th« prit|«pMlply opppMnrjr toij tlo« ((ttpntloo. wo Rureptl ttt decide It Ity lot J dpclnioit wnn In flivonr of Mfi Ihilert wlinj oiooooiod mill pnlinted the ineit* whllp I bM-ked In tho pnpMi'lty of toperoiiritot l*iit| nn nhtl«tiit«odln(|r tItAk theae desi||ttiitlntit( ttnlv f\ti* nn'i Mke( nitd tlint the iliiH tMiPh 8tt» wte to lie iititli^ of Kooh intelligenopt Mecoiiipllshioenti, nmli )MinloH*hle tt-Mits, we knew tliMt w« Rliniili t^jpAld (V>r the MddilloOMl ek|tetifte uf tnkin MK M wy»y H f>t< rf# ««yred iiuch MttrMOttonB thntl eeded to the )tropoMl« not only without I tboi hilt with expreiBioni of grtit M\\th Mnd delight. Vurioni eMuies tended bo to ret«rdi honn. thMt it w»« Ute in the month nt <)( hefttr« every thing wki retdy for our iIc|m In the raeMn time we receix'od informntioRti sudden and unex|tecte in rcit^wrtl. Ilv (Itc rpKittiir lti(nt«l«iHlmi, Im Hull «lil|t<, "f Hf tfinntifii«'«iirM of l?t(ro|i«», oHIipMo MfirMfmit firl«'M wotilil h« ri-- m, wlilfli Would |iro|(or«ioMiill)r |pM»«n llif ii'poo'Mt wlil«'li linil ln«for«> r«l«tHl for oli- lltK IliPin In «» IrrpnoUr mn»nft. It wns jtii, Uifrrfor*'. tlmt h toynnp to tlilll nml I rotiltl MOW Itn wiwIp only ii««l»»r tli«« ni'nt imvltllt HtlKlllt'CA 1 M ttt(> Dfltllft rmiiii! tttllcti M to fimlilp (ti(* InlmhltHntA tn utipplir llflVM Willi iimniifBrtOM'*, wotilil iiIbo o if- ttmlly to Incrpiw*^ thu ilnngir to forpino f«, l»y tlie iMrrwupil iitiwil»i«r iif»«t ♦l((lliiii«'n \ ffUHrHnpn»fit»i liltltpfto rtmniiH to tlii-lr l»y till* jtrpuptipft of n mtfifrlor hostlio forrr, fl rHfMt ill till* Rtlvnni'ctl nt«tp of tli»! lnwl- l»y M rfiiilp of tlip yp»«pl iijhI •'urgo, roolrl ptTiTtprt wiHioot nrput loii« t nod nIttiotiKli |lit Imve lipeti tlic moit tirit(1««nt tmft, wp Bl rpponrllp our mind* to It i ittn, ttiere- ♦i»rml»iPd to proRPPtitp tlie *«y«g«. ^rp wp rotild Hrt on tlilM dpcNon, nil oiir iMttiPntN atitl fPMrii for the ftittirfl catne Bur ttftlhn tpnulMHtpd hy the \mn of the wltUp ypt in thu rivpr. TIip d«y lifter eliorini off ntopkntiidt, wliitlier titie tmd llt«tt by the pilot, h trpmcndoMo utorm oc- whldt broiiKht in the tide H" is to inun- I the lower part of the (o(iritloc, trreMnl«d • very pipasing and somewhat ImptMitg §ffHi - ancp. After tftp cintomary visit from the ptiMI« tHh thotltlps, Me^sr*. Nb^lPr, Hnnlssillmi, md Mf* sptf, a«'ConipanlPd t«y the captain of the pari, M elifprmut, went on shore to see the town, MMl to ascertain if our wants could b« atiMrtM without losing too much time. We dified wHh the ca|>fain of the iiort, who engaged topromtM for us tlie stores of which we hwt ne«d. f alflM de Canaria, which Is the name of the town, !• Mm most contiderable place on the island, tmmhH" Int almitt twelve thousind Inhabitantf, Wfio iff a hardy and Industrious race, living prttuiMHf by the cuHlvatiun of the soil. It is a u ttmrnttt of a bishop, whose rentiniw ia Mid tomflMNf MM hundred thousand dollars put annum. Th« town is pleasantly situated on a ptirffi •! (tM foot of the mounlnins, and on the eiat ildA of the island. The cathedral is built of ttcm«« and of dimensions and site which make It tfie iMMi conspicuous obiect on apprMMjhiog th« UtWn from the sea. Tbe bishoj/i palnwl, th« InW|»U tal, and the oonvetits, of which thara ara thraa of nnns, and two at friari, maka an imfmlM appearance* but the private hoiiaaa In tthkn wealth, if it exists, is usually displayad* dofWt ffenerally afford proofs of ease and Indapendenaa n the circumstances of their proorietora. Wa found provisions of all kinds to ba axtratnaljr scarca and dear. T)iree"'^eriors should be made known to OS in the morh. ..g. Accordingly, as soon as the •uubreeze set in, the captain of the port again vame on board with the requisite permission to enter the port. Then weighing anchor, he cc'^ducted us to a very snug berth within the Uha das Cobras, where we moored near an American and a Danish ship, the only foreigri- ers in port, and where wr appeared to be perfectly sheltered from the infl.ience of any of the storms or hurricanes which are peculiar to the tropical region. The'next morning we were visited, with much imnnality, by the municipal authorities, accom- panittd by the interpreter, to ascertain th>3 con- dition of our vessel, and to know our wants ; in order that, from their report to superior autho- rity, it might be decided how long we should be permitted to remain in port. Aware of the jealousyof the government towards all foreign- ers, and their practice of rigidly enforcing the law for the exclusion of any other flag than their own, except in cases of emergency, we presumed the time granted to us would be very limited, and were therefore very well satisfied, when it was announced to us, that the Viceroy permitted us to remain eight days. This was ample time to fill up our water-casks, to procure a sdpply of stock, vegetables, and fhut, and to ascertftin if it were possible to dispose of our . cargo to some one of the traders who were here fh>m the River Plate. Having at length obtained leave to go on ahore, we readily availed ourselves of it, although with the incumbrance of a soldier constantly following us ; nor, during our stay, were we at any time on shore without being thus watched. Nevertheless, as there were no limits to our wandering about the city, wc visited nearly every part of it. We passed one evening at the theatre. The company was numerous, orderly, well-dressed, and apparently respectable. Their patience was put to the test by his Excellency the Viceroy, before whose arrival the curtain could not be raised, and who kept them waiting till past eight o'clock. When he entered his box, all rose, with their faces towards him ; at the same time the music struck up a favourite •Ir. After this a comedy in five acts was per- IIMrmed, succeeded by a ballet, which gavf general satisfaction, and which detained us tiii past midnight. On the third ilay after our arrival, being i^ one of the largest streets of the city, engaged in conversation with the linguist, whom I haj i*£cidentally met there, I perceived a man carried oy in the arms of two others ; his clothes were very bloody, and he appeared to be dying. On i inquiring what accident had happened to him, | was told, with much trnig froid, that he had just been stabbed, and that the perpetrator of the deed had escaped. The linguist seemed to receive the information with as httle emotion u if it were a circumstance of every day's occur rence. Yet, it is apparent that no people art more attached to life ; and, if the crime of mur. der were held in as general abhorence as in mam other countries, it would be of equally rare occurrence. But, in this country, the assassii generally escapes with impunity ; and this en. courages a repetition of the crime on ever) trifling provocation. In one of our morning walks, Mr. Rouissuiot and myself went to the convent of Benedictinei, which is beautifully situated on an eminenci facing the harbour. Seeing one of the monk at the door of the chapel, who spoke Italiu Mr. Rouissillon made known to him our de&iit of seeing the interior of the convent, when h civilly expressed the pleasure he should takeii showing it to us. We were first conducttt through the chapel, which, as usual in then establishments, is the pride of the fratemitv The profusion of ornaments and gold al>out thi altar, which strikes the eye tm first entering is very grand and imposing, and probably pro. duces the reverential effect intended on tin majority of thooe who worship there. Con. ' tiguous to the chapel is a small room used ei- clusively as the depositary of some relics ofi saint, whose history, and even name, I ban forgotten. Following our conductor, we passed up a flight of stairs to the cells and the (hning room. The former are about twelve feet square. with one window, and are furnished each ^vitli a bed, a chair, and a table oi ordinary manu- facture. The latter is about sixty feet by thirtr, with small windows near the ceiling. On om side, about midway of the room,, is a pulpit,f] from which one of the brothers reads a sermon,^ or homily, while the others are engaged at theii meal. On the same floor, and in a delightful room, the large windows of which open upon the hv. hour, is the library containing from ten to twc thousand volumes, mostly in the French, ItaUu,^ and Latin languages. My Mend evinced so familiar an acquaintance with many of these works, that the monk who accompanied us vu much astonished. This we discovered by hit remarking it to a brother then in the room, and taking occasion to contrast the ignorance and indifference to literature of their o«tii countrymen, with the intelligence and laudabb vliich detained us tiii AND COMMERCIAT. EKTERPRISES. !r% sity of these foreign youths. The revenue lis fraternity is said to be very large, from and coffee plantations. They number forty good healthy-looking men, who may apposed to be leading innocent lives, but, inly to appearance, very useless ?nes. On Ig leave of our good-natured conductor, he civiil / invited us co come again. The pub- [or royal gt\rden, which is about two miles l-east fron; the city, and on the border of ay, is susceptible of beirg mado a beautiful and lounge, as it is shaded with many fine and is open to the full influence of the «eze ; but it is in a dilapidated state, is neglected, and but little frequented, thing can be imagined more beautiful than icture presented on enterint^ the Bay of Rio On the left is the remarV-^ble high rock, form of a sugar-loaf, inr ming north very lerably from a perpendi' ular, and bound- at side of the entrance. On the right is [i.'!'«.ble and beautiful fortress of Santa near to whose walls ships must pass to the deep water, and from which they led by the sentry. In front, and appar- ^1n mid-passage, is a small rocky island, on is a battery ; and beyond this is the bay, t great extent yet to discern the extremity. |lf between this small island and the point Ita Cruz, the bay is entered, and the becomes more picturesque. On one le city, with its clmrches, its convents, laces and houses, and a battery, occupy i>nt ground. In the rear, and at a greater >n, is seen the aqueduct, constructed with ers of arches. On the other side are lllar hills, beautifully clothed in verdure, reral of which are perched neat white is and convents, whoso inhabitants seem withdrawn from the rest of the world. 1 these, the horizon is liaiited by a range jular'y uneven mountains, which, from Beinblance, are called the Organ-pipes, bay, immediately in front of the city, are fthe ships of war, beyond which, and the Ilha das Cobras, which forms the 'harbour, is the forest of masts of the mer- ships. The intercourse kept up between ty and St. Domingo and Praya Grande, on pposite side of the bay, by meant "f nu Is small sail-boats, give^ life and an uiation scene and an harmonious finv a, which brs it perfectly beautiful. He city itself, independently of its natural stages, and the beautiful scenery by which [environed, has nothing to recommend it tc tranger's attention. Its palace is of ordinary truction, neither remarkable for size nor ar- ctural proportions. The convents, like all ings of that description, have the appear- of prisons. The cathedral, being only jly built, had neither shape nor comeliness, [houses generally appear to be well adapted le climate ; but I observed nothing in the exterior of any of them, which would indicate the wealth which is attributed to many of the inhabitants. The aqueduct, by which the city is supplied with water, is decidedly the most useful, and probably the most costly, public work to be seen here. It commences near the Corcovado, where the waters are collected in a covered r s> -oir, and are thence conveyed intt the canal, i which, protected from the heat of the f"7i, *hey reach the city without losing their ft^s .nes" FiuQ.iig that we could not dispose of our ciige here, and having provided the stores requMte for the passage to the Chilian coast, there WM no inducement to prolong our stay beyond the time limited at our entry. We therefore, on tht 9th, cleared out at the custom-house, and moved the vessel from the harbour into the bay, that we might be ready to take advantage of th« land-breeze early the following morning. Hay* ing apprised the captain of the port of tldf intention, he came on board in good 8easoB> end conducted us out till past the castle, when he took leave with the customary salutation, and we pursued our course to the south. The occurrences during this passage, withOBC melancholy exception, were as uninteresting as is common on such voyages. The change of latitude brings a change of weather, and this causes the most important, if not the only variety in the daily routine — that of reducing and spreading sail more frequently, as we ad* vancc toward the stormy parallel. On the first of February we saw land to the westward, being in latitude 54**40' south. But, having head- winds for several suco'cding days, we made scarcely any progress till the 5th, when we took a breeze from the north-west, which, after a few hours, came from the north-east; and next day, from east-north-east, from whence it continued a fine breeze throughout the day, and increasing in the night, so as to oblige us to take in top-gallant sails, and, before morning, to reef our topsaUs. On the morning of the 7th we perceived the water to be discoloured, and soon after saw Cape Horn to the westward, distant nine or ten leagues. Soon after the wind shifted to the south-south-east, and thence to south-eooth- west, blowing in squalls, with great violenoe, which obliged us to furl the fore-top sail and close reef the main one. While engaged on the latter, we had the misfortune to lose John Green, a Norwegian, who fell from the yard, struck his head against the main chains, and fell into the sea. He was seen but a moment, his head very bloody, and then disappeared. An immediate and general rush was made to clear away the tmat, but a moment's reflection was sufficient t« satisfy every one, that the boat could not fail to be swamped immediately in the high and very irregular sea, which had been created by the sudden shifting of the wind. Nor had it been otherwise, wovdd it have been of any vnAl, w t i>^ Mb*^ m ihp bpAtI hut»» hrtve bfcH ft»tiil. \\\i^, h »<>«• \\\\\i\P or ItiV rtn-i vll^otH- rtt f>PKJlfi j|irt?:nil MV Ihf »4rt5>tol- rt>Wt ofHcrVs. I'ltli tits- V.H»l«itt| PVf >H cAhI rt g\tmU4 m \\\^ n\)M\.ft rtr rtll m HbrtV^, SvtUo^i Wrt"* l\<>t ri^tUotv nt\\»i'pi< t1i>Hhg Jl^ft rt'rt\Ahliir> of U)!' j^rtsiiU^p, «nV UUMp^* sopHp* Ito^ Wt^W itvtH'rttli)*^*, (n rt »rr(^»-pp, iihjltpvrt»pt! thn rttolliftcHtttt* ttl' ft^c )>rt!»t. Wi» ^^»»|i»rt «rtW ti* ptj[lPV)r«rp. rt Mirft»(c« nF lh*l tp*^U>rsh*nnH \VpA»1\i'»- I^m \v)>»pj» I'rtju' Ho^M (I Id i\>««lV frtn^pit HrthI rtliti n»h«(«»»pi) Rrtlpi* ftfrttti ft\e \vp»i\vrtvit. t\\\\M\iK \\)\\v\\ wp p.>>i)J'o»Jy He \t\i »m»ip i^rtvx so mh\, ty\\\\mf(\\ In »»»lit«(n>»- W»h tnAl »1^p sippi d«<< sUrtW \a\ \\\\ \)\r \.\vm\\v\ me or \\\f mMi WW \^A'>\ Wfww'. Af \v\\i^\\\, rtf- tw hrtv\»\tt cortipnAptl miM-p tlvArt rt wpplt \\\\\\ AiAVt'V$\i> \v\«»<» rt»w1 \mW»p>-rtns WpMI^p*-, wp, \\Ai\ \W *At5«l^p'Hnu of A frtViMnttlilp i"\\rt»i|j;p, \\\\\A\, v6m)Mi\^ \\\\\\\s\\i olhpv hn.\itpt\« \\i\\\\\\ or m\^, crtVVlrti ns to O^c \\rtV of VuhirtVrti^o. wWvp ^. AW\t»\ 0« OVr ?U^ i\rt> or r'phnirtvv. I^rt?. fbrty-rtve i^ftV* A-i\o\ h>oHWb». n<>^wm\»iii>(M'n \\\\\\ \\\i'Uy\\f\^\ni. — X?ii««tP4-J>rt)l of ^^t> T.^M lo tlipmrt'H t»ii?tvAtii ^1^ ol rtlnVOirtji jiPrti'o ■ V>i>Ai'h.>VV. IW^.ni-* Bi'iJl y>1nlftApv of t'\fl iT!\:>r\»i1.- ,Vni>\ii'ftH<>« y4V>»»- _^Vii>iU»io¥( !o IrrtVP (Up \\<\\\. — tW. <'?WkWM IA « 0^va1 om.Tv iN-^iro ft fninv/im^ftta, t^W^ tyina in i>ot+. Up doxiivd o* oo< io ortst l*te^W*r tin ihp ow|>t(on hnii juvipnio.l himspll \<\ tW |f(S\wT\o\ RTid ol>i«inoi1 hio v«'i'frti«ivnn. Ton- <«»>m)^nnip«l Ovs 0(#kw tho jtviNorncir, Wt )aN ort n'i,< oo in tW W-. Moiv than «n honv \\ht\ oli^upd W- f(W )ii«i ivlnm xWlh « |>Pvnii«iMon l-o unvliov, t»Ml to ivmsin till ft i>o^>1n wwM W ivrpi\tM fr<*m thp oi\pfsin.|(rnoTtil M Srtn1i«f^». lw onvrr- <(WS1 fo\ ^o^Vp to KTtpt^h onv wnntin. f>v \N^irh • ^Ihq^nh'h XN-w* to >M» fov\xi»i> WfiT HiirpnsM to find no Jps» ih«n Ainv \mfrtonn x-ossoK hn'nft hoiv, x-ir. thr ship Hdzmxl, 01' iVovirtfniH*. on K \wnjr«> similnv to onv own, <(«**iTMvi on ««pWon of l>oin|r Kn|rli»h. 'w thp -rtfewmtt^ntv M boina *Ttifi«vi ; th*" nhip MiUnti- fiMiO unri sohoona- tSncoo, ot Not^Kic)*, l''on- MCthnit, WH'h with >l»l«iihJ<> odiyoo* of KNMil- Mdnt tuViPti K\ tV Tslaril of Mssaftorn hoth<^- IttlHml, WhI rtHftJlt ... _ linvlhn »ll|»t»l!pit R»ijtllslt i»Htt»lpp»-t(, Hi*"*! oil (1^ portst, ttltit iitovUliin* nitipit llipy hml olihiit,,. lit trtlprtltiiiiitn ; mill llip '» sppilt-pti Us U9 hy ttCrtty, «, poUliI m\ IipIIpvp Mlrt^ MP ullrttllil lip ttiolpiiii) Oti thp tlilHt ilrty rtftpl- tlip g[»)v>'»)iot-> iiiH gpHgpt- lirtil l»pp») illsjiwipltpilj rt »-p|>ly H^rts tpiriu^ ftoiH Oip p«)»trtlH-|^n»»p|rtl, tlic pnvjioi-i or wW Wtta, ihnt ou»- UttMrtftp lirttl hppii m %mA ilim w. pohIiI hot hp IH Hrtiii or onulnloiis, If ttf 111* pHHiitpil %\\A\ qimtitUv IH Kiuo|ipas upodfiliii lirtvp tlt>Hp, \S\\\ if It WpVp OtitPt-WUe, liliil nil hv wIiIpIi wp )>io)>ospi) lirtvlHg ft>t- tllphl, in i m\ m I'rtvU, wrtu lurttiiHissililp. ( AMil, tltpti riih thrtt It \sm\\\^ tUopllpHpy'n oHipt- timt wt»«lii)iiir Iprtvp tlVP \m\. At thrt Pttiltrtllou of twptii) fiv \\m\i i^\r\ Hlls ilotllkrttloH. t^t h>»»\rtHnl»itl!i„ withtliPitovpHwn-, rtHtl jiolhttHpr out to l»!i»\ iii lul\m\\n»\riy orilvUIHRiis to sprt, wlillp Itt 1»iwpi MOH or so MHrtll A »m>|)ly or ll»P tllSl HPPPMnii« »^r lltV, iw VPH trinrtrtHtly poMupHIpiI to Oiil \< \m\\\\\\'f^ rtOOtHpj- )»08t 5 rtOi< PVpM jHOIHlnPil u innkp rt ooop t^vp«<»l»|ps thrto l>p lirtii rioitp. Hut «i it» ohlri \vrt» »ritp»-flipi<, \vpi|oiihieiim«ltnvh>g|)rt tbvOip*^ his iih>mlsp, rtrtti thpii»tH»-ptlptp»iMliirilt! Wi-ifp ill^tptly to tl\p oAjitrtlo-jtPHPJrtl. Io pool\^nolty \vitl\ fhls ilopiMoH, Mv. slmh A<iTsslo» lUs Mtf|Hlnp n» it» oiMpv t\^v Ills ilppnvtofp. witnont Ati\»hll»g \w \\\f. sop\^llps vvhicli wpi* lotllspposAhlo, aH'I i'- which imnlsloH \w\ hce« »nrti|p hy tipnn " \^vsoioiO|c thnt his ft\ppilpt\oy's lntPtitloHs Im hprn mispooppivp*! hy tho {tim'Vitov. ho hml \n \\\\x\\ to \1isoh<>y fho otilpv. rti\<) to votonlii I \>ovt till thp irppptloo of his Kxpollpttpy's w p\y." A pn>n>pt k\\\\ vpvy pollto AHswpt to \\> ipttpv WAS ivppi\T(l> nvno'tlog iij ppvoilssiiMi i xopply oovsrivvs with p\Tvy thio^ wo ilpsiioi And. \>hnt wns \pvy pxtvnotMlnAvy. irlvlrtiit o«iv,. thrv pp^ioixniott, which hrt«! rtot" i»pp« A?>lio,l, ,v soUiofj: so o^^^ph of fho x-t^v^ as \\a\\\\\ \w sin f^nont 10 pAV fov iho sopphps. At^ov whi'li.lK (1psiir«^ Wt* XMW\h\ loANP tho ^^OVt ImniPihrttrh And «ddpit. ihAt if xxr pototrd Any othpv |wn on fho ooAst, wr shooW ho iivAtpl\ ns romn l>An«hsts. Vhp lAtlrv prtmip-Aph of his KxopUpopyMpit« pxidpnilx t»onx-pypd A iJooht in his o\in tho tWO»tirti'Htfi« of hftxiixg iho I'omvtnoss of ouv sfmitui* A(tPoiVAmwo^. At m) >*•* «f. Iitiif niiUclfintM. \\p (iHtciiml tm \n\mn, rttiit |irtltl fof tItriH Ik ttltl(ll(frtl•♦lt^P'^, npt-** Mi^rtgpd 111 srlHIng im «fc«i(ttif«i i^itttiK tt« "itt (Ipprliirp oil llif •iiMffrtw, ll|»itPHtty fXfPPlJpil n MJtuHll ttlllPP OH^ «N Rll wp wpfp tuinMiixclinu »(f wfmf n itny wotilil H| fitHh, rttiil rtHlfrly (iiittrp(mi-pil fof n ffNiM BHfnrhinntp pvptifi, lii wlilcti pvptv AliipHcnii i>H ««"» »»i«tP t)f Ipm liivtilvpil. If «jt[)PrtH'il |»nrt «»r tltp rttrgo of Mip Rlil|t MnziiHl pnti- . hf tiMi^kPt*. iltpsp iTPt-p ilptitnittlpil hy tlip ^i'hftt' »»n |»»-p»ptf «f Itpliin coiilirtlmtitljtf Vent, ^('tp tPtv |»tiHtPtly tpftl-^Ptl liv ('rt|itrtlti Iti, wliH sirttnl lit liip jt(H pctiof (hut tlipy ii»liHi Altt hntip|«Ptl (1t»»-«'lil rnVirtsVo, nnn tin of- ii iMfptlof (rt-ftiip, rtpHiin Its ftovprtiiiMliii-lMft iPltrp of M* •iii|iPHof. Doll Aliloolo wm [Ihty ypttt-n of ngp, of iilpitsliig; iiiiiiiiipm, of l(l>'Mtoii5 pomitPiiniipp, mill tt|i(mrpiitly of |x|ionltloii I hilt of no iIpi'IsIoh iif i'lin- ronti-ttptpil inlHil, )iiirt\'il iin with tn- Itiil roof'oiitttlpil Hi thp niiilnt'lty thnt fthoiihl [ko i-pfiisp poiin»ll«iipp with mi onlpf glvpii hump of hl« kliitt! IiiiIppiI, hi hln jipmoii, Ijtpt-, mA piiprti'ltlPK, thptp Hrtu » ntHkliin ^ImU'p to thp iioitritit; ilrnwo hy Cpt-vmiiin pplphmtPi! novpiimt of Hm-rttnHrt. m-li|p of thp govpiiioi- V '•viitt() thp lUf.iitil with thp roynl in flytng. Whpn within hull of thp Nhlp, r«wn«r ntoiul ii|», nni) dpiniinitpil If lift _ iH>wf on homnl. ttowi»M rp(tllpil, tlmt ho M \)* h*|>py to lip hononrril with his coin- hut thnt he w«uW tiot jienMll gny one of U\% nnhW^tn ih cmm dtt hiiflfd. th« itMitcii «ft- jitonehrd npfltpf iti (hp «lil|i, to tinabiif ihn put- llfio to coMveMP with ftiofft PMP. the grttfefMtft Hgrtin fbfitifllty (Ipiniihile^t the (iurfpn((ef ttt tUp Amn, Ktiil win ftgithi rsfiHpd. lie tNttrntittiiefit ntiil iii-gpil the cotisp^titpiipe<« of rpKlsHti^ the Hit- ♦hoHty of the king's rppfpseotntlvP. Hut It wtti itll iiiinviilling t hikI perpelvlHg thdt neither ihrpnts nor fiersimslon had the deslfcd fcffed< thnt nriiiPil hpoHIpji wpfe utatloned at the gntifi' ways of the ghlf). ami tliP proper preea)itto(i governor. At the same time with the order for our ar- rest, and as if to consummate his folly, the go- vernor niiiile aooHier attempt to Intltoldate, hy MrilerliiR Hie captain of a large Spnoish ship, wlilcli miiiinted eighteen hetivy guns hetwitt links, to liHiig his hroadside to hear* on th« HdTurd, and to order tier 'iilonrs to he hauled MVfi In tnkcnof siiliii "i- II, on penalty of ifehijt "link After wlint li-l «i i-urred, to ninke such n Hirenl ullhiinf ilnriug to take the rcspmislhl. IK «i'l\v« nhUiV W»* tti'ii* »li>«T>inil or »»''* !»»■». UttH-AHrtuily j»Him'>wl, WW m A|i«ltijitv «l«nmh)i* W>kn»> Irt ^«*' l^»v ti*** AMiTuslhH. ir'wrtu flnrtlly ttMi»rttt» ni u»rt^«ri of Oii* v«»*»»»l. <«)tht)li1 H'ttmlM itt wwvuirt»«. thu wtw n ili»>»»H«l«rt»lt»« 0)1 w hit'h hrtHeclluv, hf wpttf it» tt»p x'mh, null R»rrtl«||t W i« tth httftvti <»l!« Wn'iA Attil ||»HS('»t»«rr »i» nrrt. »^(Vln| H wrlUrrt *|M»l(Vfty «\m «mt«l<»«l«p: »«. lip mvtIMmt tlvltti; It IV»ml«M»»Mvnn H»p"« nMtml ^ Wtt\'l *« »»Xtt»v*s, WUh A IpHp*-, 1« «l\r rnit- Hlw-ii?«»'\'Al, Tl^W hrjm'^i'u^t^hMily A«tl n»ir>liy trlN^*!*!!. mA II^px turttlruly !>«n»ti>il nil' to h^ t>*H«lp«tl Ihp j>»T'<>rtfrtM«M»^ \\\\\A\ \\v wns turth- tti: Irt Pv»m\>pl « »nvn'««|pv of thr llnrrt>tl. tl«p rtWP^-* ftsv Nvhiph l^p t^\|>PO«p|p wu .;>« i\>v irriis'MR n wm^iUftnop wHh tl\>' pt>vpv«ivv'« onlpv fo ^o ;«» l«* Ms tt> ^^^^rt^tt «rtt\*fi»ptto«, vpt U(p trni ortn^c (6f t>uv VlrUy sv^» il\p \\xs\\M\<|PV PSSPUt^rtl JtMAtOP \tt rtidlHg 1o PX- \\A\MX: Uowutt (\i\m l»i» ilii|\i<«lM«'<. H wn^ pvt- rtn't(o« of ^vvptvton it, \w \vm« tt<*V\ng tlNr ^r.\\(i'«(«p jMrj>W(\tlOtts. Thp noMlrvn i6f tW |An-i««M\ noil t))p \sojH«\nt'p wt'it' h\\M\\ p\\- |CA|;^, «w»i^t*v tl\p «<(»v\>tt»>tt rtf thp p:t>\t»voo»-, \\\ SWi»v| «^wwii>\^ thpm, «« tl\p hUN. thp *ohVtvy Arttl l>«stlp »>f hnsittpsx hrtil j;Ui»o \>lrt0P ^ th^ V«\"Att<>w *rtil r\otii»»»«iMM of WrtVi rtOrt«f\«»<\>W «Wil A(^|>ivt\PO»».>o n>oltl \\t\\^\\\ hnvt W« rVvi^M. \f t^^p 1t>\VM l\nil hppo ort thp (Vrtini of Wtrtu «hKp« ^^v i^MUntl. NX'^ilt' Mv. Ho«««!«t\to»> *tt«l my«p\f wt^^-^ wnlV- W«lH thw^tjr^ ot\p M tl>p '■My>t»«n, \>T p«n>«wtp»vi| tJw gONwtt'ftv, \\h<> sjklot.' ; >*«, aM h»Vp»I w.p (f I ^ft"** «ot n'PVt in ' \.t on ho^nl U\ Mr. $^aW. An^NVii'nnj; 'in On' («lloi*<>l. sn^l ^>^^^^•^^^ U\ rim ^^IH not jn >!^ Jtho>»t my trtqhtli'in, >*<» t>»tv*tt»nf^ t>rt M«» tl<* N^^*o\. *M(i, XrttHow v^nH-ini; <\>v M ivj\ly, Vpt> n« rthr«|Mly, #Nt< «qv)(vj«Tynily «>|>t(nn^nonpr(»l. tt of iv^^WM, if h** wonM <>om|>;- « jtl\ thp W^jWisirion* of jfowmw^'nt hy tlolivoi ji n|> tt\t> itn«*», thw ^^ x^nn inM tii> yioW Vhf «m\» 'WW (K»otv)tnf(ly r,la' of tho )ft> v ew>tt i \ iiwl hn i>e«ei(il ^«» fer tUttfot(N t^JHtiil, hIiIcIi tiHtt ttppti ltmi'hlH|m« tltP AlfttltH Hf Ottf Pt»»)HttfmP« lit tlllR |ll«r^. ^ ttPrtfPil tt» lip HOW lIlMlilltnil. 1'llh PdtittiM Irf ilpilrttipp. wlilt'li li»tl lippti ttrtvliig oM tlip mIiIn rtttti nt tiip frtittip ritiiii ilip IipkIiiiiIiik hf iiir di, jiiitp, ^vpip lintilpil )liMtrMi till- fniKiim, wlilihin^ llPPlI llttlH|U»|-»Ptl ttl lIlP Itl'rtfll, «PH' h'llifiif* to IIipIi' aimIpiiI imnlHoiit tlip spiitilen ni'to n lotigpt uppii ttt Mip tto»i|»wnyit of tlip llrtritnl: ii,, old WrOIOrO Attil pIiIViIipO fPfliniPtl to tiiPli liiil tnlloii^t Aiiil pvpty lltltig hultpitipil |ipiit>i< m,. »-ppo«p. I'ltln tpjm?p. Iiowpvpf. \^M only Hip trpaplwdii« pAlm thrtt |iipt'pi|pn tiip liiit-t-lViiiip. ilip pn VPiitof poiilil not Ittoolt tlip Inillttittly lie Ii:i< mtllVtPtl. tlip VPil»Prtllt'P llp llltif vowp'l. nM \\\\U'\\ hp lirtti not tlip poornitp to Inhp o|ti'iili hp iIpIpHhIopiI to PSPt'Otp tfpm'liPMoiPtly t «iiilli« t«pA»oipi, wIiIpIi «pip t«hpM hUIi pfpi'it Rpiiiv, ^.otl with tlip «tliniilo!« of iilnndpi*, npip pxpiiHk with Koph loipppM, Ati ttiimt hrtvp mtllMllpil |<> higltpit rtoihltlon, niul npivpil «•, n btiiiii to k wocnilptl fppllnnn. toi thp pvpnhitt of thp iliiy hIipo Ihp toimbt wpip «0Hp«i|p»pi1, Ml'. UoolKHllloit Ami ,iiy«r Witlp A \\n\\ to thp HOVPHIOI-, Aott l\ointl him i lip A< n(ft\hlp nml jtlpA^rtnt m wah nntiirAllv in I PX|»Pr>t»nl on BtlAlOlOfI thp ohjppt of tvhli'li h hflil no long lippo lo imisnit. Mb hoppil «- i«hoolil jn-opppil to upa thp npxl, dAV, miil K •iniird why llonnii did not poiop on ilioip i nM lOtt. to onV «u«|nl«p, thnt If lip did tiot inin. vohintnilly Up nhoold orp popipIom. VVp nnsniB him of onv hpllpfi thAt hid not hnvliig hpiiT»hpn«lon of intdp"»tntlon i hpRgpd hliii imiii thioK of poph'it>n, nnd oIIVumI oni- niminiitp thrtt hp nhonhl |«piipnt hiinsplf nt thp pAstIr n ihp moinlW|ii. tin IpavIiiij thp Rovefiun w WT»n» on hortid thp ItARMtd, nod ip.|m»tptl ii Wownn oni- ponvpinntlon with thp ^upitw' Up hAd no hpMtAtion in dptpintinini; to ncl n APt>«ntUni

PVmittPll Rtl-AOgPI'!* to lip n sho\-p. tVRHnu, IM thiR InRlAttw, H too i-PAdy nttti)* ; rtnop, In whiph o*r« th« 0)>)u)Huitlty fitf t-pvi'ur v.onhl pioApp him, thp tovpfinn- muRt hAvi> li*^ ' PVPiy thiott idrtoopd rtniV|np|>Altit>hr»l)ly wIiIIp wv wpi-« with hini, tt» »««* ^ «mhp \\\% tH»\vrt»illy dpRign In iliA inoriiiiiK. N fnv It V. rt« npiinittpd How-Alt to poine rtn ilum Thp IrtonohpR, wl»iph wp«t> mrwI to tii(iiii|HV whortt l\i\m thp Rhon» to tliP lui-gp Khip lirHif nipntionptl, (tn^Rpd nnd iv)tiiftRf d nPAr tliP Wvm whdp IhuR pn|rA!(T>d I i>imRpmn»ntly, thpy woiik pwitp no RnxiUoion whpo AmmwpitinK tipnr iki ship. An pntPc^n-iRp, involvlnt ro llttlr lisl *nd w htoh jM>nnlRv»d ro g^ddpn a ItArvpRt of |tlu» dor, hud noi r«» wlill« h«r men «tit Aftt} tUlMMKflCI/ll. fCfftftllfniHRJI. If iti-ly off Hifir »»««•«•» OMPit«|tl»'l»rt« »»f any M 'tf hewMIHjr. T«i »»!»»• thHr U*m, hhpH rtf I dfiiw n<( wf'fi' fthlp mni\i' * h««f y rpf ••♦•nt t« thfi I, Hiif ♦lipfl' Wf-rc two imor f^llown ItlfiB I IM ♦hr'lf hii»f»m««'kni iittfl »li«'«i« WPfn (mtii fiftmult woiiMfl»«tl. MowNti nun nftt-fiwii . ihf vHixi'UHf*' Of Mif fmnHltH »it ♦((»• Mn- Ici' of rtti ttWtfr, f nkuM ImtiU'dliitelf on uliofp, »»• «r»«f»»« ttf iiliiMflrf wul potifttilMM i»lil»4i jieii ItfURmf nil tli"tit (iltii. Hut, liHiin dHPMiiltii'il jkit! i I'd to our RPtidlnK nn pi|irpiiN. f* hnd niANnn to IipIIpyp tlint, if wn coidd In |ipnnliiiiinn to vIkII HnntlnRo, wp nhoidd hr Ahlp to ninkp a raIp of our varf^n, dnll- iM« oulRldp thp port. And wlilch, At onp hAlf Alices «Mirrpnt in th« city, M-oiitd yiold iii a Itntiic profit. Tu gAin An AddltionAl nnmlicr t\n in port, titnrcturc, in the hope uf olilain<* iNg IPAtK in (ffoppftd to the PAfdtat, or ot MDOttnf iottip ppfKon from thpfp dftfrtroMii nt pnttsHtHit^ thp mrifo, nnn nnnihn if ihtfftncM fin tho W* fitml of Mr. atiAlftr to Ipavp thp cnstlft. M'hwi* thprpfofp, thlK ohjpct wiiii Attwlrtpd, hy ttpaiAn^t porrpupondprtpp with the frApt«lM.§pnef«l« h* lf<»- dti/'cd «M IntereliAdKe of nevernf letter*, the ptif* port tif whh'h wm detuned vessels, who liAd lost their little irii« And whose sitiiatiofi excited commiseration. W« knew tliAt, If they noiild get to Masafaera wMh the provisions they cmild ohtain here, thejr would, hy pursuing their vocation, soon bring tfp arrears. We deterinined, therefrrre, to go ao far out of onr way as to give them all pasAagaa thither. They all, very gratefully, accepte^l onr Invitation. Being ready, on the 21st of April, and nn the point of leaving the port, a messaga was brought from the governor, requesting !• see Mr. Rhaler. Me went immediately to htm, and found, to his astonishment, that be want«4 bini to defer liis departure a few dayi. It i^ iieared that some suspicimit or malicious peraon bad suggested to this silly governor, that oof oliject in taKin($ >o manjr men on board WM M m iv 1 W 1^ b M^lttHl (h« ttii'|k« iiNtt*) ttiMit nn thi> (tnittt of l»»iie»l M*-. Sl»rt|p«- h» ilplVf uttlTlMH nil ft«r»y- (^l|ilt Imttin nrtpf ilmt uliltt Imil Knllt*il, itnil, mttHwvef, \w]ip\{ w»» <»iMtlil ntU ♦•wvph^w mt- vAiH m *m \\\\M\m\\ f^\m\\n\\ vcksvI wit> inittlit Itt it?»'PillH§ t»» \\w urtvpmttf'n milii'ltnHt»n« W* Mt muH* l\tf Hip tlUn|t|«»lHh«p«» nf out- |m<- iw*y, wUbm wi» unoMliI l»p »>ir, iiHtl p«|»pHp(it'P mm moH^ ihn ltlp< Pt- Hlml* whew \v« wptT Ul, mm hvhipiI i\»>i'p ruitip »»« bttfcWi by »mlpv of tlu> |ip»vpvH»tc, nml ptiicppiUoH; ^ttitmy n W)ttW \S^ IUp tOPHMHof 0|»PUlH!lt \hP WAX f»v <»««• nolnn to thp tH(|»(tAl. l^pttpwiHir, tl»pvpi\»ip, otu- tH»»tw^>o««<*wt»« wuH tlw puiUrtlo-itPHpml, to <[^tm|>l«lM or thU oot«-rt|tt*t Mo«( fpiofttkittit 00 our «tttU'« wmot or >»oHrtilp«»*p io thp puprt'lJy ov honimty or \\\ IVo th»» M40VP nopptty mllontiopot of our |;ri*\'*m*t>. iu «'«>|»ly, \\\n Kinwiipupy rpmnvKptl oHth«U>Mor t \vh(pl< our oomluft to J^nu- tt«|o «n>o)t( «>AUR(>» m\\ olMprml, thitt tltp «(Mll- tuny ^\M Up iHiMly n«^iuK(p«l nt VAl|tArrtliio, l»y AM^M^Hofr KMtiR<\to«oii),v tl\p (\>lloxviU|i; quptttloun, v WHS thp ^\0*>Kn«h-pr IO \vho»u \{\m It I»pIouh ? 1S» \vlu»t |Wrt «l««tlOf>^wttttly |W"0|>ou««|puhHo hpio* ju"^'"'"t, Up »-«|»IIP(I ht th« Av«t> thM U WMK not \0Mii roon«l s\\p xxvrUlt mui) ti> tlOo «lp)to^uprMl, miuI M «iMW«r wtui-«p«l hv hin Kw'pllpuoy with »hp l««M i^Mhtp »4«»l*>- \ \\\p (uirimrt of whiph w»«i, tiMt th« tVMir kp*» of qui«MvKil>^r shouhl I>p w- t}Lltyir.tANUa VcHrAttkl tx) w« ow iHmtxl. ^^n\\ thM w^ «ho\»Ul thpu l«»w tlw |%Mi with<>ut tVulhpr «lpl(vv. \Vp w^tv •ftw mv|wiMNii hy Mu owH\o"p t\>»«» the »>m«. mMMlmt fit th« <^iMxtm>hou«p |tuiir>U« to |tur> «Imm Ut« ^ni^M)>i»r, Up )uxt)>«MPtl \« u» m mpMi yiic«s mh) I .V (« «" it out, »u mt^i Mt hit) |tHt|«niint, wuiihl httvp I«ppu h VPt^y hiIvhi, tnitmuiR mip t hut our PKftpHptU'P htttt tniitilu ih to hpwnrp of ttpiiphpry t itHtIt lutnitlulutt HUih i,, | Itp lurkluft lu this |(Ht|io««l, wp «lpillupil nt'ii'iii U\$ It. Ihirlu|t thH poutritvprNyt thp mipu, »lMi>n| wp lutpmlptl tnklUK to Mnftnfupritt hnil ttlNiiftoMj lu tnrloUR (lirpptlouHt "*• thnt, hn«lu|| ou limi{ ouU our orlftiunl nmnll pouiitlpuiput of uh^ |«oiut of HitlKuKt wp uiiuIp hlui it viitit nn | Urtvp un H most pomIIhI, frnuk, ttinl CHpuiIIv \v i'p|»ilou, nuti p<)UPMPil uoHih rpntpt «t linvimJ hppu rtltsput ou our Mvilvrtl i n«, lip «nltl, uiU oiili| woulil thp triuthip «p linti p<|M'rlpuppillu»vplih' rtvoltlpil, lull Itp would liBVP olUiiluPtl iipruilsHin for UN to vlwlt NttutlHKtt. riu« ordpr fut our •!' iiip| jtnrturp, howpvpr, lu'luft »m»w i^Ivpu Ity tlip m trtiu Rpupvrti, w«n IrrpvoPrtlilp, «ud lip tliprffMil littjipil ilu'ip would lip MO furllipr dt'ltiv. *.{iiHlulPd wUh, Aud wprp lu tliP hnltil "(p^ vinlHuiti 00 fiimiliAr tpriiiK. upvprnl luiPii'MiiiK m tivp fkuiiliPN) (Or Hip uaHvp luhAhltnutu Nyui|ii| thispd with u«, Aud uoudniu'ipd tliP uiifrlpinllij^ poump uiAiiifPitpd lownrdu iiii hy th«lr •'"'''"IJil Tlipy MPPiupd, KPUPiAlly, to hp nwAkpulii|t (o «"*''' RpURp of thp Ah|ppt utAtP of vauraIaup lu wliii'h* Ihpy wpiv hp|d hy thpir KunniPAU uiAdtprn i Hif" postR of houoitr Aud |u-oiidiug ouc«, hy drAwliig » (MirAUol hct^vl('n ANtf tOMMLNOIAti RNTKilt*HMKM« if mv ttnivttl I A l"iu! > lliit-tl Itnin ltn*l "di ili» nil rcmly fiif nm' iIki'Ip Io imii- nnilinii^ pti lt>i»vi> of our ni' . wo left Viilimrrlsiv' llionovofiu)!' nuti nil' it)mmlRt>, wp ltnvo»'« In i\w hnltll "( I'Vt'ritl lttt(t|-(>MlitK III p liilmliUnittR Nyiii|iil ivwii tliP imrvlt'iiilltj m by ihnlr iiili'tij \\r> nwnknnhiK Id r Vrti«KnlAg;o III wliiih" m|i«criot'.oi^ lIlRtAlU. by UR with coirrs- A pArAllcl ltd ween tititry And mm, wlilb* «A(>h wnk iinr a fiyii(i''i"***nf, liy Atlti>r(lrty (o Her iiliynlcnl nirAtm Im fliPlf (•onunMlntt fo ihcm to throw off tbn yokCi llino wan lid l)y tlin AoKlo-Am«voiiitlori| by dfoioontrntbtpc to be urcAtly IrinrPA^fd »«lii»> of tli»> f»rodt(H.« Roll, nod tht>dliniitlHhf(> Nboold hn fr<>(>d from Ihfi to wliloh tyrAoriy Aod folly bAd so lonp( ' It I Add nnnllyt by rpfOArkbiK on t\w |Ng Aiid dobANlMK offooti* on tho tnind, biNe|iArAb|p from a jnolrAotMl nfntf* of ItioK And VAKRAUgo. nn tho b«*Mor pro- I of the omiiryo oaiirp, wn fiiyi* thooi a four KodorAl ('(mMltiitloo, And a trAnwIn- NpAMlnh of 'Mir DnolArAtion of indn- iIko proliAbly i* Indpblod for itfi nAmn HAntlo Roonnry And to thn Rnliibrlty of k, for in no othor roRpoot dopR It dn- ippollAtlon.'*' llfltwooM tlin liARn of tliA Ithfl RPA, thnrn h n Rlrpot tpf inodorAtn l^hloh Ir bounded on llio wpRt by blitb |ljiltoiiR IiIIIr I on tlio OARt, Ir oonthniod ilnlnv vlllAge of AlmondrAlo. In thlR the host boiiROR i Rtntin of wliloh Arn IiIkIi, of brlok plARtorod, Hiid of or< HoliirR And AppoArnnon, OroRRlng tbiR riKht AnfcloR. Are otIiorR In tlin doop Itwoon tbnbillR, wbloh Roon ooarp to tl, Atid booonip orookod nnd narrow linft np on olthor Ridn the blllR,to oot* hiitR of vory niPAn AppPArtnop. 'I'lin Ifhioh Ir a vory ordbmry Rtrnotiirp, Ir (en All plevAtlon on mio of thp oroRR ltd nenr the oontrn of tlin town. Tbn BhiiUnK the governor'R rpRldonop, fronlR tf, And Ir a dllApldAtnd nnoloRiire, nn< "'tbn iiAmn. I of ViilpArniRo Ir RpnoloiiR, And bninc Ittum tbn Roiith wIndR, wblcb prevail tn monihR of the year, from Ootolier very Riiiootli And RAfn riding for RbipR bAt RPARon. At the roasoii when the IdH prnvAll) from Mny to Octtdier, it Ir lyliiK thorn, ARtbere Ir noRlinltor from AiKi ItsiiRMAl AOOonipAniment, Arougb RomotimoR oomoR in with a foroe and ly wliiob OAtiiiot bo rnRUtcd, evon with roiind-taoklo. It Ir tbn nnAroRt roa- kntlAgo, tbn onpitAl of Chili \ And hence In imporlAiioo, wliioli it poRReMei not lly. Itlve InbAbitAnta are genorally Amiable, indolent, and IgnorAnt. It RcemR as the policy of the oxiRting government rage indiifltry by the trammels to which leroe of the country Ir Riibjected. If a kuantily of wheat or other pcriRhable flty ii raised than can Aid vent through vAL-fAHAiso, Vallejr of Pa rati I s* y9 (be narrow ob«nnpli ihni «rff rtpm, H In Iwii in the ciiltlvAlor t nnd f'(|>ppr, the other ninpU prodtiot of ( ;b)ll, Ir, by tbn Rame KovernmentAl rpRtrlotlonR on oom»rierop, kept «I m priee tMi etoeedlng half Hr thIop. Tbn govprnment AtiWi and pArtioolarly the eoolpRinRfioal part ttt It, are RPnRlbIn thnt I heir power roRtR on the Ign/rraneo of the people ; hooop the enopRRlve drend tit the Inlroduotlon of all bookR ) the wntobfidnpRR of the prlpRtR to goHrfl their flookR agalnRt pf»RRM- Ring any vtdooip, wbloh they bnve not Keen and Approved, ar well nR agflloRt the confnrolnaflng liiniioncp nod fipinlooR of foreign beretlOR. The vnrf, AOdiofy, nnd efforfR ninde by them, tORiip prp^R all mrnnR of inforoinlion, do not, bow* ever, [iwr* iinobRorved by mnny of the moRt rpm- Rible CreoloR, who nooin to be waking op to a RPORp of their dogradnlion. With these tneRped Ir plnnted, whioh, In due time, may be expected to bring forth abundant fruit. i'uwrm xiif. VdrflttnJoRfiM UUn.-^dnWpnffhn f«lnrirfii~A nrntiU'lt to'tfnUmi ~-H\>iU-ArrivRt al Hum IIUi,— -frli-ddly tPnt-piUm thure, — Arrnfig«« inenl willi llin (jcinwUnntf, — Olrj(>nl)(ifiit of ||(« (Jo»efri(tr. — Ifodill^ nfllltiflKn of Ihi^n /iiO(t(l(m« aflPR—Stilji (iKlefH Oi Imvh Knri Hirr,— AnilR (« OieTlir>-p iVInrlR iRJimtlR, — flftentloti OinrA. — KX' ('urnloriR «in «h(if(». — Awbwdfd prR'H^nrneril.-- • \hi(i<\iiuUi\ RMRplftlrtfin, — Hnifiro In Hnn BIrr, — RRftllliig tihnnf.—Vtii(ilnhin mM of n pittiimittt (li« cargo, — I'urnliflRa of RhioR. — Himfii>H*fii tf»i' nhert. — liepnrOire ttitm Huh lllnR.— ()eiifh of IliniiRRlllon. — HIr chHtniitiT. — Hntiitn to »ba 'riifPB Mnrln* -,« Jrailor on b»»Rrr|. — 'tim rnatn'i pnperR ''IamI. — fliiRplolonR conflrmorl. Our ton';^ detention, and tmfortnnate contrO' verRy at ValpnraiRO, operated iinfavonrablv to our proRpects, as our veRRel, oiirRelvei, and th« diRtiirbanoeR we bad caused, baft become knowni not only to the government offlcerR, Imt to al> moRt the whole population of the varlouR porta of (Jhill and Peru included between Valparaiso an»l lilma. To enter, Ibercf'^re, any rrtber pott than between those limits, or to be ceptiired In the neighboiirbood of any one of (bern, wotdd Riibjoct us to the risk itt conflsoition. It wtc consequently judged to be moRt prndent to pro* i;ced to Rome place ro distftnt from the scenA of our late tranRactlons,tbat the knowledge of them could not have preceded us. Tliis oliject would, doiibtlesR, be realised in any of the ports of th« Vice-Koyalty of Mexico; and, from vimooa sources of informnticm, we were induced to b«> lieve that San Hlaa offered the greatest fadli' ties for the disposal of our cargo, with the least risk attending it. To San Ulaa, therefore, we determined to proceed, touching on our wajr it the Gallipagos Islands. In conformity with this determination, w* CLfeVELANUS VOYAOIS thtiptd our course, thd hiving none other than the favouralile winds, delightM weather, and tmooth sea, which are peculiar to this region, we arrived and anchored at the bottom of a spa- cious bay at Albemarle Island, on the 30th of May, at about a mile distant fh)m the shore, and opposite a beach of black sand. Here we passed a week very agreeably in rambling about the island ; and in the enjoyment of a freedom of action and of will, the more highly prized and «i\joyed, fVom the restraint to which we had been, of late, BO much subjected, and not unlike what the schoolboy feels when emancipated from the control of the master. The fish was so abund- ant at our anchorage, that no skill was required in taking them. As many hooks as were lower- ed and baited, would bring up fish, and this as fisst as we could haul them in ; so that beside having abundance for the immediate use of all, we salted a barrel full for consumption on the passage. In size, texture, and flavour, they had a great affinity to the cod. The turtles are very abundant, and taken with great ease. We took on board as many as there was a prospect of our being able to consume. Guanos of various sizes and colours are exceedingly numerous here. They are said to be as delicate and agreeable ' food as the chicken ; but the ship's company had the same antipathy to them which is so universal with regard to snakes ; and while they had s>ich a bountiful supply of fine fish and tur- tle, they had no disposition to try the guano. We traversed various parts of the island, and camped out one night, in search of water, but found none, though there were evidences Of its being abundant at some seasons of the year. Having satisfactorily accomplished the object of our visit, w^e sailed on the 8th of June Jbr San Bias. While yet but a few miles from Al- bemarie Island, and going with a moderate hreeze during the first watcli, the weather clear and the sea smooth, we experienced a very sin- gular flaw of wind, which, without any warning, and without being felt on deck, or by the sails on the mainmast, carried the fore-topmast over the side, after which it became calm, and so continued for more than two hours. In a few days after leaving the island, we came in sight of the coast, in the vicinity of Acapuico, and from that time, having delightfVd weather, we kept the land in sight every day, till our arrival in the bay of San Bias, on the 11th of July. It is very remarkable, and strongly indicative of the low state of tlie Spanish com- merce in these seas, at this period, that, fit)m the time of our departure ttoxa Valparaiso, to- that of our arrival here, and sailing all the time not very distant from the most beautiAd coast to navigate in the world, we did not meet or see A vessel of any description. Our reception at San Bias formed a contrast to that experienced on arriving at Valparaiso — I fHendly welcome fh>m those in authority, and encouragement to expect that our wants «> . be supplied ; and though this welcome ««( subalterns, and might not be sanctioned lirt*^ superiors, it was, nevertheless, viewed hvii, ; flivourable omen. At this season of tJic u San Bias is a very unhealthy residence ; itJ consequence, it is the practice of the gnrprl the commissary of the arsenal, and tlip opulent of the inhabitants, to reside at Tin healthy and pleasant town, about twenty kt distant in the interior. Notice of our having been sent to them, the commisssni, down immediately; and on a first intpn; with him, we had much reason to flatter selves, that the current of our AfMn ^ meet with less obstruction than we had \\\\\^ experienced. There was no hesitation m: part, in engaging to supply us with every tlj our necessities required; and ascertRiiiim | had some boxes of tin plate, which was <>\t>, ingly wanted, he engageil to take these ii ment, at a very great advance on Its cost, arrangement being made with the commit required the sanction of the governor hefej could be carried into eflfect. Our friend Rouissillon, being very desirm visiting Mexico, was detet mined, on this arc no less than from the desire of obtaining ; mission from the viceroy to dispose of nun here, to leave no eflbrt untried to obtain tlv : quisite passport. With this view, he nc panied the commissary to Tipec, on hU p thither. By a letter from him, datr posal of our cargo, we acted in conformity. Our advances, when ncaring the port, were made with caution ; and every preparation was made to repel any force that might be seat to mokat CLEVELAND S VOYAGES vt. In the afternoon of the 14th day of Octo- ber, being nearly up with the remarkable rock at the western entrance of the bay of San Bias, it was considered to be most prudent not to an- chor. We therefore lay by all night in sight of the town, using all requisite caution against be- ing taken by surprise. Early the following morning, we perceived a canoe approaching us, paddled by Indians ; and «oon after they were alongside, and handed us the long-expected letter from Rouissillon. It was dated at Guadalaxara, ou his way to Mexico ; and its contents were of the most encouraging character. He had been treated with great kindness and hospitality by many of the most respectable inhabitants of the place, whence the letter was dated. He had received a very civil letter from the viceroy, accompanied with a passport for the capital, and a permission to sell, at San Bias, a sufficient amount of the cargo to pay for the supplies with which we had been provided, and expressed a confidence of success in obtaining permission to sell the whole cargo, and to return to San Bias, in the course of a week or ten days. This was, indeed, intelhgence of a very exhilarating character, and tended to annihilate those forebodings of failure, for which, before the receipt of this letter, there was bu<^ too great cause. Among other items, Rouissillon informed us, that, in consequence of the com- bined representation of the commissary and himself, backed by several of the most respect- able people of Tipec, of the very uncivil and rude treatment of the governor, towards citizens of a power in amity with Spain, he had been reprimanded by the viceroy. Being in feeble health, this circumstance, combined vrith the vexation produced by perceiving himself to be out-generalled by the commissary, acting upon an exceedingly irritable temperament, had pro- duced a fever, which terminated his existence, about a week previous to the date of the letter. Having dispatched the Indians with a reply to Rouissillon's letter, we again returned to our eld anchorage at the- northern island; for, not- withstanding there was now no longer any dan- ger in lying at anchor near San Bias, yet, as the regulations made it imperative that we should receive a guard on board while there, it was considered to be worth all the trouble of going to the islands, if only to be emancipated from this incumbrance. Our excmsions over them bad been so often repeated, that there seemed to be no other inducement to penetrate into their woods than a desire for exercise. A deviation from the general monotony of our situation oc- ciured one day, in the taking of an enormous fish. A shoal of them had been, several hours, gambolling about the bay, sometimes throwing themselves wholly out of the water, and coming down into it again vrith a splash and foam, which might be heard at the distance of a mile. At they approached our anchorage, the mate ■id two men went in the jolly-boat, and auc. ceeded in throwing the harpoon into one' them. The monster, feeling the wound, darv' off, seaward, like a shot. As soon as he b< taken off about twenty fathoms of whale lit I the end of which was made fast to the boat,; carried off the boat with such prodigious v;,] city, that it was only by good steering, and ker^ ing her in a direct line with his course, that ni was prevented from swamping. It was an ane < ing spectacle to see the boat going off with iiji great rapidity, and for such a distance, witho ^ perceiving the propelling power. At len; after having run about a mile, he became ; < hausted ; and the men in the boat hauled int;' line, until they came up with him, when tk I contrived to get his head towards the islaiK 1 and after a moment, as it were to breathe, i il returned with almost equal velocity. W'h^ near the island, they hauled up to him, and,[ 1 beating him with the oars, drove him on shor ' He was supposed to be a sun-ftsh, in shape n unlike a flounder, and weighed seven or eig: < hundred pounds. The beautiful group of islands, called, fro: their number, the Three Marias, where we k I passed so many weeks, presents to the vie from the shore to their summits, a thicket ' trees and underwood of the most luxuriant ve ^ dure. So strongly interlaced is this unden\o«: that it is impenetrable ; and it is only throu; | the deep ravines made by the rains, that u '• part of the interior can be reached. Thei' islands abound with rabbits, raccoons, turtk J wild pigeons, parrots, parroquets, and vari«r kinds of beautiful small birds. Wood suitalt ' for fuel is procurable in any quantity, with iik | derate labour. Among the hard woods, lignui ' vitae is very abundant. Water is procurah| only at the issue of (he ravines, after a conside^ able rain, excepting at the eastern side of t! northern island, where there is a well, wLit never failed to yield us an abundant supply. The time agreed upon for our return to Si Bias having arrived, we again proceeded thithf and anchored in the roads on the 20th uf C tober. The usual guard were immediately sei on board, the sergeant of which was the bear of a polite note from the commandant of the Ret guardo, desiring to be informed of the object (> our return. A visit from him, almost simuli: neously, superseded the necessity of a reply,: he immediately acknowledged it to be only a pk' of necessary formality without meaning. Tk was a general freedom and ease observable inb^ manner, which formed a contrast with that mai fested at our previous visit ; from which vreitf ferred that the new governor was of a characlcl less severe and exact than his predecessor, an' consequently, that we might indulge a hope: being permitted to proceed in the accompli^'! ment of our business, without encountering v! new obstacles. By a letter from Rouissillon, dated at Mezio we found, that there was cause to apprehfV AND COMMERCIAL LNTEUPRISES. 6t : had been too sanguine of success. His to the viceroy had not produced the , effect ; and an order that the governor \ demand of us a list of the stores which led, and that, as soon as they were sup- {we should leave the port, presented but ing prospects for the result of his 1 at Mexico. In reply to the governor, we ed regret at our inability to specify the ty of the stores required, from not having formed by Mr. RouissiUon for what des- he intended the ship. Delay was our j while any chance of success presented [ and before we could act on the governor's [we had the pleasure of learning from our that a second memorial, accompanied by ous application of a small douceur, had le means of obtaining leave for the dis- ' goods to the amount of ten thousand At the same time, it was intimated, agreeing to sell the cargo at a trifling on the invoice, and to particular per- ermission might be obtained to dispose rhole ; i. e. that if he would consent to i the profit we were seeking to those who luence with government, they would tthe requisite permission. Rouissillon, 1^, declined the proposal, justly conclud- with the above permission, as great an lof profit might be made on one half the 1 as the whole would produce by acceding return from Mexico, Mr. Rouissillon |a fortnight at Tipec, endeavouring to chasers for the cargo, but without $uc- le arrived at San Bias on the 10th of ber, and the next day we opened our |ut, unfortunately for us, the permission limited, that the merchants of Guada- M not consider it an object sufficiently ii\duce them to come on; those of irerc very inconsiderable in number and and consequently the sale advanced id now reached the 12th day of the new 103), and the prospects of a favourable re- four enterprise were very small. A pe- order for our immediate departure was from the governor, who observed that, Ing we should readily obey it, he had to the viceroy to this effect ; and, there- Hacted a compliance. This order would een obeyed without hesitation, but for a bject, of sufficient magnitude to induce us the risk of a quarrel for its attainment, rival from California had brought a quan- sea-otters' skins, which we hoped to be purcliase ; but, as the owner of them Mexico, a few days was necessarily re- fer the negociation. We therefore re- sted with the governor, urged the impos- ' of obedience to his order, and requested erty of remaining a few days longer. As Ivernor declined taking the responsibility wholly on his own shoulders, he called a eonn* dl of officers, who came to the determination that we might remain ten days longer. This was sufficient for our purpose. We succeeded in purchasing sixteen hundred sea-otters' skins ou such advantageous terms, that it would se- cure our voyage from loss, even if we made no further sales. The governor could but ill conceal his vex- ation at our refusal to obey his order for our de- parture ; and we were, therefore, not free from apprehension that he had some sinister design in consenting to our remaining longer. Varioua reports were in circulation tending to induce us to be at all times on our guard. The rumour of there being a body of custom-house guards on their way hither from Guadalaxara, whose ob- ject was to search our vessel for money, was so current, and appeared to be so probable, that we were induced to agree on a mode of proceed- ing in the event of such an attempt. Mr. Sha- ler's superior knowledge of the Spanish language made it desirable that he should stay on shore to transact the business there, while I remained on board to attend to the duties, and, as far as practicable, to secure the safety of the ship ; for, as an apology for wearing away the time until our object was accomplished, we had rigged a mizen-mast, and converted our brig into a ship. As, in the event of any hostile movement on the part of the Spaniards, it was not probable that he could obtain such timely notice of it as to effect a retreat, it was agreed, that on seeing them approach 1 should get the ship under way, carrying off the Spanish guard, and lie by at a moderate distance, where I could make reason- able terms for the exchange of prisoners. While in this state of apprehension, and about the time it was supposed the guards from Gua- dalaxara would arrive, the men in our boat, which brought off the day's provisions, reported that there were two large launches at the landing, ready manned. The men were lying on their oars, apparently waiting the arrival of their officers, and said they were going on board our vessel for a hawser we had borrowed. Two launches, with twenty men each, to carry on shore a hawser, was a very improbable story ; and as I could imagine no other cause than that of putting into execution the rumoured search, I immediately made all preparation to avoid it. But, as it was exceedingly desirable to avoid a collision, if possible, I caused all the sails to be loosed, the topsails to be sheeted home, and the cable to be hove short. With great anxiety I watched the setting in of the sea-breeze, which was unusually late ; but at length it came with much force, and dissipated our apprehensions. Desirous of being relieved from so unpleasant a state of suspense, I dispatched the jolly-boat with a letter to Shaler, informing him of mj suspicions, the measures I had taken, and my determination to be off, if the jolly-boat did not return before the sea-breeze began to abatiw A* the guard could not avoid accing our pn;. (laratiuns, I advised him to anticipate any tiling ihejr tnigiit communicate to tlic governor, by ktating the facts to liini in person. M'hatever may have been intended, nothing was done ; our men performed their errand, and returned on Iraard unmolested. Tiie next day the commandant made us a visit in the govern- ment felucca of twenty oars, and with the royal flag displayed. After rowing round the vessel, as he said, to see how she lool^cd rigged as a ■hip, he came on board, ami partook of a col- lation, which had been prepared during the time he was engaged in reconnoitring our vessel without and within. We observed him to be particularly attentive to our armament, and his inquiries relative to the numlier of small-arms we had on board, &c., led us to believe that the object of his visit was to ascertain our strength. Apprehensive that we might be pounced upon at any moment, by an overwhelming force, but presuming that they would wait imtil we were nearly ready to depart, as then the prize would be most valuable, and our culpability most pal- pable, it was important that the commandant should be kept ignorant of our intention. When he asked, therefore, if wc intended going the following day, we suggested to him that we could not settle our accounts with the commis- sary in time for that purpose, to the truth of which he absented. As a further evidence of the necessity of another day's delay, wc referred to the large bulk and amount of merchandise yet on shore. ThiB merchandise, to the value of about three thousand dollars, was intended to be left in charge of Rouissillon, to be sold for our account ; and the proceeds to be settled for when we should meet in the United States. Although no permission was obtained from the governor for taking the sea-otters' skins on board, yet, as they were under the charge of the commissary, from whom we received them, there was no obstacle to it. It was nearly dark by the time we had received the last of them on board ; and then the commissary was very urgent that we should not delay a momeut unnecessarily before putting to sea, as he was apprehensive, that if the transaction became generally known, it would involve him as well as ourselves in trouble. However friendly this advice, it was not needed, as our preparations were already made to be away, as soon as the object for which we had been so solicitous was secured. We therefore sent the guard ashore in the launch that brought off the skins, and were away under a crowd of sail before even the launch could have reached the shore. As the commandant had no doubt of our intention to remain another day, if his designs were what we had strong reason to suspect, he must have been greatly diaqtpointed in the morning to discover that «< tke bird had flown." CLEVELAND 8 VOYAGRS It was with feclinfs of deep regret lliat i parted here with our excellent an' indulgence of tlie additional time in port \wtH sary to secure the sea-otters' skins. WC left with him manufactures to the amuiini( about three thousand dollars cost, and wit were worth, at the actual prices there, than three times that cost. From the proo, of this, after defraying his expenses, he >vai' account with us in tiic United States, wlicro'' anticipated much pleasure in meeting him in j course of tlie ensuing year. At parting, lio i' pressed the unalloyed ci^oymcnt he hud in| ., ricuced on board, his grateful feelings for t***' confidence, and his earnest desire of rciiliif tlie pleasure of mcctin > <:s again in that iami^ lilicrty and of equal rights ; of which, he t he should be proud to become a citizen. The Count de Rouissillon was the desccno! of an ancient noble family of Poland. An ai^ catc for liberty, he could not brook the siilijii; tion of his country, and for his efforts to ar it, he was proscribed and was without a h^ when we became acquainted with him at lit, burgh. lie possessed a powerful ^intellect, gave evidence that great '^nre had been takei^ its cultivation. Hi.- acmtircnients in uiuti, matics, in astronomy, u muiic, in draww were very respectable ; and there was scarcol| European language witli which he wuh familiar. Having with him, among oth books in the Russian, Polisli, and Gcrn( languages, the Spanish authorities, who are^ tremely watchful and rigorous in their exanii tion of all books, were actually confoundcii| them ; but allowed them to pass, on the i _ grounded conviction, that nobody in the coui could read them, and therefore that they i do no harm. For these attainments he \\as\ more indebted to a Ane intellect than to aiu tiring industry ; which was so habitual, tiiaii seemed to grudge a moment's time that passed without adding something to his M ledge. So that when walking the deck furoll ercise, if there was nobody to walk and convu with him, he would be engaged in practi some new music on his flute. Being at tliisti oidy twenty.eight years of age, his prospect j honourable distinctioa seemcHl all that his i tion could desire; but, unfortunately, his( course wr.^ cut short not long after we To our great (frief we learned, on arriving in! United States, that he died at Mexico time in the year 1803. The exclusive polit] the Spanish government, relating to all fon \ «rs, then in ftdl operatiooi nuwU it so diit^ f deep regret tliat , excellent anil atniii oiiissillon, with w|^ y associated for m | mred so largely in |)i !9 incident to tiio To his address ami j inly indebted for t I tlic viceroy of Mriiji )ur cargo, and for < nal time in port nec^ itters' skins. Wn iircs to the aniuuni' ollars cost, and wli lal prices there, it. From the procfd is expenses, he \vi<^ nited States, wlirn ' sin meeting him in I ir. At parting, liic 1 was without a hou ited with him at )owerful''intellect, i '-are had been takcij ;nitirciiients in mati u miuic, in drawv nd there was scarccli li which he wan him, among oth Polisli, and Gcrn[ uthorities, who are^ orous in their exauii ictually confoundeili to pass, on the \ it nobody in the coui ercfore that they i attainments he wai| intellect than to am ras so habitual, tliaii iment's time that amething to his M dking the deck forof-S dy to walk and convit engaged in practis ute. Being at this t of age, his prospect j iemedall that hisi nfortunately, hist long after we umed, on arriving inl died at Mexico The exclusive poliq relating to all fon AND COMMERCIAL BNTBRrRI8K«. sn. it 80 any information from Mexico, that we iitraged from any attempt to ascertain culars of bis death, or to learn what 1 0f our property, or of his effects ; and, ly, we remain in ignorance of every- iting to these subjects. ly after our departure from San Bias we once more in the bay of the northern the Three Marias, on the 26th of 1803. Mora than fifteen months had [since our depart. ir- from Europe, and ■1 being coppered to light-water mark now perceived that the worms bad Iful havoc with the wooden sheathing. >re had become necestir y to careen and the vessel, an operation for which we poorly prepared ; and, therefore, in the nee of it, and in replenishing our stock i knd water, a fortnight was consumed. re accidentally found out that our danger seized at San Bias had been much in we bad apprehended, from a cause we had no suspicion, and therefore guard against, the treachery of the This officer was a young English- Mc conduct after leaving Valparaiso bprehensible as to make it necessary to Ibim from duty; but he occupied his ir table, was permitted to go on shore leased, and was treated with proper From some intimations which he oc- threw out to the men, that he had to cause the vessel to be seized, and been offered a thousand dollars for 1, it immediately occurre.l to us that he more intimate with the luthorities of [than was consistent wit! our safety; that we ought to know it, to guwd future. As it seemed to be the most of proving his guilt or his innocence, lure that was justifiable, on the prin- ''-preservation, we had no hesitation [ his papers. These we found to consist tters and his sea-joumal. lining the journal we perceived it had ilated, and dates only previous to our Valparaiso, and subsequent to our [there, remained. Hence there was resumptive evidence that the inter- ortion, relating to our transactions at was in possession of the government Has. Amongst the letters, there was that related to us. This was a letter luc^n from the commandant to a friend >, In which he speaks of our ingratitude I and of his having so committed himself sdeavour to be serviceable to us, that table to act as duty required, from the tnsequences, &c. He also recommends to give more credence to any repre- which the bearer might make to him, |tho8e of the captain. i investigation satisfied us that we had seizure by the. m«ire accident of the 55 mate's not making his cnmmunieation to the commandant until this officer IumI become so much a party in the transaction, as to make his own safety depend on its concealment. Our suspicions of his hostile intentions, therefore, may have been erroneous, nnd our hurried de- parture unnecessary ; but, if we erred, it will be acknowledged to have been on tlw: side of pru- dence. CHAPTER XIV. Aoconnt of San BIm.— AwAd thundar-sqiialls.— Unhealthy climato.— DiRContent of tha CraolM and Indians.— Departure from the Three Marias. _St. Clemanri Inland.— Miaersblaatala of mi In- dian ramily.— Arrlfal at San DieKO.— The Com- nandaDt'a visit.— An arrant ciiscoinb. — Escur* •ion onshore. — Notrading. — Ueleoiion ofsaamen. ' Their rescue. — Preparations for war. — Oet under sail.— Fired upon by the fort.- Return broadside.— S«fe at sea aaaio. — Damage repainNl. — Arrival at St. Qidutln'e.— A rsllow-auirarer.— Miisionariae and their train. — A set of Jolly felloirs. — Official letter.— >A sensible corporal.— Good officea of the Padre*.- A dnublfid point— Eicellent harbour at St. Quiniin'a.— Departur*. —Arrival at Ouadaloupe.— Proceed to San Borgia. — Another nsiaaionary. — Supplies of pro* visions. — Frimitiva mode of dining. — AmlaUn character of the missionary. — Preaent of hors| called to the officer of the esov^rt, and de him to take a minute of the articles we requi With these he said tliat he would supply utj next day ; on receiving which, he should en we would not delay a moment in leaving | port. He counted our men, and, perceivii> to be ouly fifteen, all told, expressed ast« AHO COMMEUCIAL EWTKRPRIsr.S. 67 t being hailed, we i ^at the prcsumptioa of undertaking so long ' iiigttrous a navigation with so few men. rbiule our going to the town^ which is dis- !>nt three miles, but gave us leave to go ore in the neighbourhood of the vessel, leave with characteristic pomp, leaving five of his escort, as he said, to see flirt carried on no contraband trade, 'the afternoon we made an excursion on ; and, having rambled towards the battery, , commands the entry of the port, without with any person to prevent our entering railed ourselves of the opportunity to as- {|i its strength' and state. We found eight nine-pounders, mounted on carriages, appeared to be in good order, and a supply of ball ; but there was no ap- of their having been used for a long As the examination of a battery belong- ji people the most jealous and suspicious 1, was a delicate business, we did not re- sg within its precincts, and having had ible excursion, returned on board at In the evening we made acquaintance guard, the sergeant of which appeared intelligent young man. He informed |, only a few days past, the ship Alex- Boston, Captain Brown, h^ b«6)i he had succeeded in purchasing soldiers and people several hundred [Hut information of it had been ^ven to ■andant, who, without first demanding ender, boarded the ship with an armed le a search, and took away all the By could find, together with some mer- These skin" he said, were now in >n of the commandant, which, with had of his own, probably exceeded a These we made every effort to ob- him ; and though there is no doubt, irould have been as well pleased to sell ' iild have been to purchase theia, if the ^n had been practicable without being the people, yet, ar li^is was out of the ^and they were all spies on each other, not indulge his dfiiie of selling them [jHad Brown negot'4ted with the com- first, it is mof . probable he would Bd the whole quantity, and, at the Be, have avoided the humiliating predi- '' having his ship taken possession of bv \ evident now that the object for which pjtere was unat\ \inable. Having, on the , Wfkteh, received the supplies we had 1ie oommandant again visited us, in the ons style, to receive his pay. On [tts e made known his expectation, that |ld leave the port next morning, wished pasant voyage, and we parted on the most terms. We had been offered a number , in smal.\ parcels, in the course of the day, elivered vo ue after darx, and determined rhase as many as we oould that night. 5 Accordingly, between eight and nine o'c2ock» (the time agreed on,) Doth boats were £»- patched to different parts of the harbour, one Of which returned in proper time with several skins ; but the other, in whie** wii the mate and two men, did not return that night. That some disaster bad occurred to prevent her re- turn was presumable, but to attempt ascertain- ing the cause, in the night, would have been in- curring too great a risk. We watched the ap- proach of morning, with a view to seize and act upon any contingency that circumsisnces might present, before the moving of the people. The first discovery, after dawn, was that of our boat, lying on the beach, abreast of our vessel, with, apparently, no person in her. On seeing this, I went immediately to the boat, and, whe^i there, perceived a group of men at a short dis- tance, among whom ours were £scemible. BC" ing without arms, an attempt to rescoe fhera would have been imprudent. I therefore xt- turned on board, taking with me the other boat. It was now very evident, that not a moment wa» to be lost in deciding on the conrse to be pursued. The choice presented us was that of submission, indignant treatment, and plunder ; or resistancr; and hazarding the consequences. There wsa not the least hesitation with Mr. Sha* ler or myself, in adopting the latter alternative. As a preliminary step, the guard on board were disarmed, and made to go below ; then I went with four men, each with a brace of loaded jria- tols, to the rescue of those on shore. On land< ing, we ran up to the guard, and, presenting our pistols, ordered them instantly to release our men from their ligatures; for they had been tied hand and foot, and had been lying on th« giound all night. This order was readily com- plied with by the three soldien, who had been guarding them; and, to prevent mischief, we took away their arms, dipped them in the wa- ter, and left them on the Mach. The mate re- ported that they were arrested immediately M landing, by a party of horse, with. the rnmiiMiwI ant in person at their head ; — titro we oon- eluded, that he had sent the soldier, with whom we made the agreement for the skins, expressly to decoy us, that he might have an apology to plunder ns. Arriving safely on board, we perceived oar men to be so indignapt at the treatment of their shipmates, as to be leady for the flgbt, even had^ the odds been greater against us. We had, ' however, a disagreeable and a very hazardous task to perform ; a failure ir ^hich, would bo attended with ruin to us, besides subjecting ui to the humiliating treatment of an incensed pettjr tyrant. Our podtion, at anchor, wu about « mile within the fort, of which mention hu be«a made. It wu necessary to pass within moakeU shot of this fort. \^th a strong wind, the quick passage of the vessel would render the danftr trifling I but, UBfoitonately, we had now buttln last exj^ring breath of the land br«exe, suf 68 flcient only to g^ve the ship steerage way, and aa hour would elapse before we could presume on passing the fort ; but no other alternative waa left us, that did not present a more dreaded aspect. While making our preparations, we perceived that all was bustle and animation on shore; both horse and foot were flocking to the fort. Our six three-pounders, which were all brought on the side of the ship bearing on the fort, and our fifteen men, were all our force, with which to re- sist a battery of six nine-pounders, and, at least, a hundred men. As soon as our sails were loosed and we began to heave the anchor, a gun with- out shot was discharged from the battery, and the Spanish flag hoisted ; perceiving no effect frtim this, they fired a shot a- head. By this time our anchor was up, all sail was set, and we were gradually approacbiing the fort. In the hope of preventing their firing, we caused the guard in their uniforms to stand alone in the most exposed and conspicuous station ; but it had no effect, not even when so near the fort that they must have been heard imploring them to desist firing, and seen to fall with their faces to the deck, at every renewed discharge of the cannon. We had been subjected to a cannonade of three quarters of an hour, without returning a shot, and fortunately, with injury only to our rigging and sails. When arrived abreast the fort, several shot struck our hull, one between wind and . ater, which was temporarily stepped by a wa'^. of oakum. We now opened our fire, and, at the first broadside, saw numbers, proba- bly of those who came to see the fun, scamper- ing iway up the hill at the back of the fort. Our second broadside seemed to have caused the complete abandonment of their guns, as none were fired afterwards ; nor could we see any person in the fort, excepting a soldier who stood upon the ramparts, waving his hat, as if to desire us to desist firing. Having passed out of the reach of their can- non, the poor guards, who had been left on board, saw themselves completely in our power, without the chance of rescue', and probably cal- culated on such treatment as they knew would have been our lot, if equally in the power of their commandant. Their exhibition of fear was really ludicrous, for, while we were tying up their fire-arms, so as to prevent their using them, aiid getting the boat ready to send them harmlessly on snore, they were all the time tremblingly imploring for mercy ; nor could they be made to believe, until they were actually on shore, that we intended to do them no h&rm. When landed, and their arms handed to them, they embraced each other, crossed themselves, and fell on their knees in prayer. As our boat was leaving them, they rose up and cried at the Qtroost stretch of their voices, " Vivan, vivan Uu Jnuricanot." Hftving plugged up the hole made by the ihft, near tlie water we steered southward for CLEVELAND 8 VOYAGES the bay of St. Quintin's, and arrived there g the 24th instant. Here we fell in with Captt Brown, in the ship Alexander, who gave us detail of the rough manner in which he ht! been treated by the commandant of San Dien which confirmed us in the propriety of the me, sures we had pursued to avoid a similar tre« ment. Captain Brown -left us on the 5th g April, bound to the northwest coast. This ^ • the only American ship we had seen since learji, Valparaiso, and the meeting was very agreeai, to both parties; indeed, a countryman abnn is hailed like an old acquaintance, and th« is always a consciousness of belonging to \\ same home, which makes suqji meeting pleasai in any part of the world, and is particularly n when, as in this instance, we had escaped sid lar dangers, and were among a people rcmait able for treachery and hostility to strange We therefore viewed his departure with feelin; somewhat allied to that of taking leave of j old friend. A few days after arriving here, we were visit) by the padres of the'nussions of SanYincente.Si Domingo, San Rosario, and San Fernando, li came on horses with a retinue of Indian domeiii making quite a formidable train. The coctmandi of San Yincente, a mission about sixty miles not . of this port, accompanied the padre of that a sion, and they formed together a jolly set of I lows. Their object seemed to be principally i creation, thou^ they brought a few sea-oD skins, which they bartered with us for Europ« manufactures. They pitched their tents on t beach, abreast the vessel, and, having proviil themselves with an abundant supply of pro< sions and the requisite cooking utensils, tl; became quite domiciliated. Never was there b(^m\ number of men more disposed to proDii harmony and good-fellowship, and we dined i gether alternately on shore and on board, duii the week that they remained with us. As, for several days after their arrival, ti did not mention the affair of San Diego, ' ' supposed they might not have heard of it: fi ' as St. Yincente was so near, it would be stru ^ if the news of an event so novel and extnj dinary should not have reached them. M/ the acquaintance had been promoted, however,! a few days of such familiar intercourse, we n ' vked by the eldest of the padres, if we hadt ' been to San Diego ? With the peculiarity as/ buted to New Englandera, our answer i ' evasive, and the question put, "Why?" '^ then told us of an American, who nad there since Browu, an^ related our transact!^ there so precisely as they occurred, that we^ knowledged ourselves to have been the acu| He said, that the account of the affair was tni] mitted in a letter from the corp6ral, who manded in the battery, to his senior officer [ Loretto, and that the letter was left unsei' that it might be read at the several missioni j its WAV.. and to be sealed at the last misiioali AND COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES ^ [ irriving at Loretto. While the corporal, in " tter, was severe in- his strictures on the ct of the command&nt, in first enticing us [this difficulty, and then taking care not to ' the fort until he ascertained^ that we were 'the reach of cannon-shot, he was profuse r eulogies of us. Our forbearance so long returning their fire, our hnmanity and sity to the guards, under such provoca- tiuid our ceasing to fire when they did, Bnsidered by the corporal as acts of mag- ity, which 'should recommend us to the and hospitality of all good Spaniards, ipadres had been friendly before this ac- igment, but they seemed afterwards to th each other who should show us the kindness, offering to procure us sup- any quantity, and assuring us of meet- ispitable reception at any of the missions \i visit in California. As they did not on leaving home, that we should be 1 to remain long in a desert port, they ided themselves with provisions for a at the expiration of which, they left > a promise to return again in a fortnight, [vupply of such stores for ourselves as we en them a list of. Having, with ill-judged f, coppered our vessel only to light-wa- we perceived that the woi-m had al- ide dreadful ravages in our wooden I, and that it was necessary to lay her cleanse and boot-top the bottom. The well adapted to such purpose, it was ihed without difficulty. In the per- of this business, of repairing the in- dued in our sails and rig^ng by the shot, in the recreation of fishing and and in taking a plan of the port, the filled up until the fortnight agreed on >i, when the padres, true to the en- again made their appearance, with I required. fh there was nothing now to cause as fty's detention^ yet the padres were so our remaining another week, alleging had brought provisions with the ex- thntive could not resist their impor- ersuasions. They were now desirous of luainted with some particulars of our San Diego, which could be obtained us, s"ch as to be shown the men whq ptured and tied on shore; those who Ihem, if there was any attempt at resist- te several places the shot had struck. We were very happy to be informed by hat no person was even hurt by our shot. Dod padres, though very amiable, were brant ca til subjects, excepting that of ofession, and so intolerant and bigotted, tently to express astonishment, that men ineaand intelligent should be blind to ith and beauty of Catholicism. In re< J, however, on the apparent amiability of Bople, I oujh^ to except the padre of SanVincente, who, it must be acknowledged? had no just pretensions to such a character, after boasting, as he did, that he had rendered God service by killing many of the Indiaat who ob« stinately refused to be converted. They ex. pressed great disgust with the character and conduct of Don Manuel Rodriguez, called him a poltroon, and said he would be broken ; not so much for having fired on a ship of a ftieadlr power, as for undertaking what he was unequal to accomplish, thereby exposing the weakness or the place, and subjecting the royal flag to insult. It is, indeed, donbtful whether the ^clat caused in Europe by the battle of Copenhagen, waa greater than that of the battle of San Diego, in California. The week we had engaged to pass with the padres having expired on the 3rd of May, we then, with reciprocal friendly salutations, and cordial interchange of good wishes for proa- perity and happiness, bade them farewell, and put to sea, bound to the Island of Guadaloupe, in the hope of there obtaining a su^ly of water, for that which we found at St. Quintin's waa of an inferior quality, and was only obtidned by digging a wdl. The want of this, and equally of wo<^, lessens much the value of this port. It. is remarkable, considering the length of time the Spaniards have possessed this country, and the accuracy and ability with whieh their navigiitors generally have surveyed their possessions on tbia coast, that they are yet ignorant of tliis excellent harbour. It was discovered aliout the year 1800, by Captain O'Kain, of Boston. The ei^trance to it is so narrow and obscure, that had not Brown, been here to direct us, it is doubtful if we had found it ; yet we carried in not less than three fathoms, and anchored in four, in one of the safest harbours in the world. It is also very ca- pacious, and abounding in the sea-otter, of which, though very shy, we shot several. The shore, at short distances from the beach, it greatly infested with rattlesnakes. Arriving at the Island of Guadaloupe on the 4th, the whole of the next day was passed in seeking for water on the lee side of the island^ presuming, from its height, that there was no doubt of success, but we were disappointed. There were various gullies, indicating abundance at certain seasons, which were now perfectly dry. Steering again to the eastward) we en> tered a small bay on that part of the coast which is nearest the mission of San Borgia, and came to anchor. The next day we were visited by the father of that mission, Mariano Apolo* nario, who had been expecting us some days, and had kept an Indian on the look-out for us, that he might be advised immediately on our arrival. Having received notice of our approach ftt>m the Indian the day before our arrival, he had set out, though uncertain if we had anchored. As his mission was sixty miles from the seacoast, and he was accompanied by twenty domestics, with provisions and baggage laden on twenty- pfe'-i ^Q- 1^ honei and mules, hv> would have been gitetljr dUappointed had wf paved without an- choring, and therefore was gratified at a meet- ing, which he seemed to have counted much upon. We made the best arrangement in our power for tbe accommodation of the padre and his domestics; but, after passing one night on board, he experienced much inconvenience from the motion of the ship, as to make it desirable to provide some shelter for him on shore. Ac- cordingly, in the morning a sail was taken on shore, with which our men made a large and commodious tent. Here our days were princi- pally past in conversation with the padre, in- terrupted only by occasional rambles over the ■and-hills for exercise. Amongst the domestics of the padre was that very usMul and important appendage of a missionary, a very good cook ; and, as he was provided with plenty of venison and poultry, whereon to exercise his skill, we perceived it to be as much for our advantage, as it was gratifying to the padre, that we should dine with him every day. On these occasions we had neither plates nor dishes, knives nor forks'; nor were they requisite, as the food was served up in a large wooden bowl, into which each in turn dipped his spoon, in true primitive style. A due degree of eKercise*in a fine bracing atmosphere, however, previous to taking these homefv repasts, gave to them a relish which is not often experienced at the most luxurious md elegant tables. Perceiving that water was not procurable in this vicinity, having but a short supply on board, and uncertain where it was to be obtained, there was obviously a necessity of cutting short our visit at this station. As soon as the padre was made acquainted vrith it, he applied a remedy, by engaging to supply us with our daily con- sumption of water, although he had to send six miles for it, and this he did daily until our de- parture, besides providing abundance of f^esh provisions for the ship's company. The more intimately we became acquainted with Padre Mariano, the more we were con- vinced that his was a character to love and re- apect. He appeared to be one of that rare class, who, for piety and the love of their fellow-men, might justly rank with a Fenelon or a Cheverus. His countenance beaming with the love and benevolence, which were his prevailing motives of action, inspired immediate and perfect confi- dence, even with those who had seen as much of the Spanish character as it had been our lot to do. His mild and humane treatment of his domestics made their intercourse more like that of father and children, than of masters and ser- vants. His v'egular observance, morning, noon, and evening, of his devotional duties, with his unoouth'looking domestics assembled round him, and on bended knee, and with the utmost decorum, participating in his prayers to the throne of grace, was affecting, and might be re- CLBVKLANO'S VUVAGES ceived as a tacit reproach for indiiTerence ti such duties, by that p^ of his audience whot his brethren would denominate heretics. Bg, this good man was gifted with a mind too lib(. ral and noble, and a benevolence too extenavi and pure, to pronounce condemnation fordi ference of opinions, or to believe ia the tnona poly of truth and goodness in any one sect i Christians. Our visit here had been protracted mucli h yond our intentions, by the persuasions of tl, padr<;, and the promise of two horses, wliich % had successfully endeavoured to procure at tti 0'eat satisfactioa heh siety, and regretted 1 ireek with him, addii i epoch in his life; tk. ike a hermit, with i { ide Indian, and repeit \ ras " a God-tend." i us, that wethouldi' his prayers, and accoi J repeated and vocifemf B too distant to heari> we perceived him \» ' rrived on board ; and lis retinue until we H we weighed anchor i| ithward.andintheei' lad steered too nearj to the northward of j were obliged to ma' The next day we jK atividad and the ^l)* 5 to the southeast wfl were up with and 'J evening of the 25t!J ,wing morning, we I St. Joseph, at the s peninsula, and new' A beautiful clear n^ into the bay, and ot our boat, gave i» fj )ur water-casks. T>'! n supplying us wiw and fruits, as the f uallv ready to trade' tlw extent of their means, which limited. In additiott to a iupply of we purchased 6f them pearls to the it of two thousand dollars, and also a ma» Lfcjil. Having with much difficulty taken ..i«3r on boaH, on the 28th of Mar, we 'immediately for the Sandwich Islands. it mu CHAPTER XV. I«r Cftliforiiia.-Ita tt^rilitv.-Abundaaee of , — Arriral at the SaQdwicb Ulwda.— Flnt (•rer teen at Owhyhe*.— The King's ytoit.— ptM landed.— The King's ignorance of their i ^ Bxcunion on ahote.— Ch;;j>acter of the b^^Attempt to convert him to Chrlatianity.— Xsed te«t— Customs of the Natives.— .— Base conduct of Americans. «-Ar- |t Guam. — tit Igvacio de Agart. — The Bor's wlftB. — Violent gales. - Arrival at • Sale of cargo, and one half of the shipt» 9n of a Uong merchant — Ship returns smia. — Author departs in the Alert, on. \r'VlJ and freedom ttaax care eotperienoed ' oace more beyond Uie reach of a power St dreaded arms are deceit, dissinula- tieaobery, are more easily imagined ibed. Fifteen months had elapsed arrival at Valparaiso, and it will be in eaeh of the thfce ports which we a state of hostility had existed be- govemiiient and ourselves, whidi was 'always the more rabootoitt for the de- the people took in our fikToar,'~*a oir> which we knew to be owing less to Dtton for hs, than to their deadly the officers of government. The lal> natives of Old Spain, and eveiy where St had disgusted the Creoles, by their M and overbearing manner of treating ^iNo inconsiderable drawback, however, exgoyment of this repose was the re- ' that we had yet on board nearly one Etnropean cargo, wMob could not be of at Canton, nnleu there shonld ^ID be a vessel fitlmg out from thence to lish coast, of which there was not much Ity. From the prott which there was iof Our making on the sea-otters' skins, I tiievi was soaroely any chance of ex- a loss on the whole adventure } and OMtelation from th* reflection, that bad been wanting an our part to pro- Btter result. coasted along the western shore of for the most part within a distance (leagues, and often much nearer, from to Ca|>e San Lneas ; and, during the surse, had seen nothing but a continued barren sand - hills, with occasional |of bnslias of apparent)^ stinted growth, coast has nothing to recommend it baUtatien of man ; no harbour, no wa- ter, no soil adapted for ablio and the general congrees. amplify the legislation of its centre, it lepntation made ap of seven vocals, the ** these individoals being removed every The soperior politieal chief prerides sessions. The inhabitants of the terri- i divided amongst the presidios^ misuons, us. Y.->-Tbe neeessity of protecting the predication was the obligatory reason ag the presidios, which were established : to oircaBMtanees. That of San Diego Santa- Barbara, Monterey, andJSan were built' afterwards. The form of is- nearly the sane, and this ia a itainiog abimt two hundred- yards in It, fonnsd of a weak wall made of mud- 'Itft height may be four yards in the f, not exceed four yards in diameter, nnd the toil of the cone may bis elevated three yteds. Tlier- are built of rough sticks, covered witii bnlrosfaes or grass, in such a manner as to completely, protect the inhabitants from all the inolemenoiM of the weather. In my opinion, these raiidMriaa. are the most adequate to the natural nndeibiUnesB of the Indians, as the familiea often renew them, burning the old ones, and immediately building others with the greatest facility. Opponte the ranoherias, and near to the mission, is to be found a small garrison, with proportionate rooms toe a oorpondi and five soldiers with their families.. This small garrison is quite sufficient' to prevent any attempt of the Indians from taking efiect, there having been some examples made, which, causes the Indians to respect this small faroo* One of these pickets in a mission has a donUa object ; besides keeping the Indians in sul^tion^ they run post with a monthly oorrespondenoe^ oE' with any extraoidmaries that may be DfOoessary fop government. All the missions in this Califwmia are under the charge of religious men of the order of San Francisco. At the present time their number is twenty-seven, most of them of an advanoed age^ Each mission has one of these fathers for it|!i administrator, and he holds absolute f*- tV.^ The tilling of the ground, the gatherit harvest, the slaughtering of oattle, the i >• ^ and everything that concerns the nissiou, under the direction of the fatherSi without any other person interfering in any way whatever, so that if any one mission has the good fortune. ^^*iif^#*#*«"u- 74ft ■ to te ra|MriiitMid«d 1^ ad indutrioaa tml cHiarMl jMidra, th* ImUub ^mnj in tbttiukuioe aU tb* rwl MdMMuiei of lire | at th» aaue time tht nakadoMi and iniMiy of vay one niraion art • palpaU* proof of tha inaativity of ita direalor. The minions axtond their poaBeseiona from one a a ti aaa i ty of' the territory to the other, and have nade the limita of one misaion from those of •nothai^ Though thoy do not require all this kad Air their flgricnlture and the niaintonanoe of their atoek, they hare appropriated the whole ( always atronnfly opposing aay hMiividual who may wish to settle himself or hia family on any piooe tt laud between them. Bat it is to be hoped that the new ay stem of illustration, and the neoessity of augmenting private property, and the people of reason, will oaoie the govern* nent to take such adequate measures as will condNate the interests of all. Amongst all the miaaioMB there are firom twonty-one to twenty* tiOathonBaad Catholio Indians ; but each misr.ion has not an equal or a proportionate part in its ooagregatioa. Some havO three or four thousand, whilst others have scarcely four hundred ; and at this difference may be computed the riches of the missiona in proportion. Besides the number of Indiana already spoken of, each mission has a considerable number of gentiles, who live chiefly on fkms annexed to the missions. The number of thiav'ia Itadatermined. The ladiaas AMvaaftarally filthy and careless, •nd their und«rBtandli%'ia very limited. In the Rnall arts they, are not deficient in ideas of imitatioai bat they never will be inventorst Theur tnm ofaaracter is that of being ravengefiil and timM, oonsequently they are very much addicted tO treaohery. They have no knowledge ci benefits received, and ingratitude is common amongst them. The edoeation they receive in their infknoy is not the proper one to develope their reason, and, if it were, I do not believe them capable of any good impreision. All these Indians, whether fVom the continual use of the aweat'house, or from their filthiness, or the little Tontilation in their habitations, are weak and imv^oroaa) spasms and rheumatics, to which they are so muoh subject, are the consequences of their auatoma. But what most it\jures them, and prevents propagation, is the venereal disease, wUdi moat «€ them have very strongly, clearly proving that thehr hnmonra are analogous to receiving the impressions of this contagion. Fram thift reason may be deduced the enormous difiSsrences between the births and deaths, which, without doubt, is one«tenth per year in favour of the latter ; but the missionaries do all in their power to prevent this, with respect to the eate- ohumena aituatsd near them. The gMieral productions of the miaaiona are, the breed of the larger class of oattle and aheap, horses, whuf^ aaaiie or Indian com, beana, peaa, and other vc, ^blea ; though the produo. tiona oi tho miaaiooa sitoated more to the south - wwd ara mora extoasivo, these, producing the ^ ^iJCLtVtt A 24 Da YOTAOiSS > : U H a grape and olive itt abundatioo. Of all tlm artioles of produotioi, the molt lucrative ii ^ larM oAttle, their hides and tallow afibrding«| active oommoroo with foreign veasala on tin ' ooast. This being the only means the inhRbi j ants, missionaries, or private faidividoals have « j supplying their actual neoessitiea, for this retm. they give this branch all the impalae tlicy p(,| sibly can, and on it generally plaoo all tlwi attentloti. It 4b now six years since tli^ began to gniln. in hides and tallow for oommeroe. FnriiKn, they merely took care of aa many or aa tnnchif they required for their own private nae, andtll rest was thrown away aa UBeleisi but at tk| time the actual number of hides sold annvili on board of foreign vessels amount! to thirty !i forty thousand, and about the same amounti^ arrobas (twenty •five pounds) of tallow ; and, if pursuing their present method, there is no do bnt in thrae or four years the amount of exportation of each of these artioles will doubled. Flax, linen, wine, olive-ail, grain, other agricultural productions, would be extensive if there were stimnlanta to exti industry ; but, this not being the oaae, thon| just grain, enough sown and reaped for the ( sumption of the inhabitants in the territory. The towns contained in this district ore thrdi the most populous being that of Angeles, wlia has about twelve hundred souls t that of! Joaeph's of Guadaloupe may contain six h^ dred, and the village of Bronciforte two hundn they are all formed imperfectly and witbof order, each person having built hia own houmj the spot ho thought most convenient for hiinii The first of these pueblos is governed b;l corresponding body of magistrates, oompos(Hl( nn alcalde or judge, four regidores or munici|r oflScers, a syndic, and secretary ; the secondfl an alcalde, two regidores, a syndic, and tary; and the third, on account of the small of its population, is sulyeot to the command of Monterey. The inhabitants of the towns are white, i to distinguish them from the Indians, arei garly called pettple of rMsea. Tho numb«f j these contained in the territory may be n« five thousand. Ihese families are di« amongst the pueblos and presidio»> Thsyi nearly all the descendants of a smaJl numbirl individuals who came from the Mexioan coudi-' some as settlers, others in the sorvioe of i army, and accompanied by their wives. Id I limited space of little more than filly yean ( present generation has been formed. The whites are in general robust, healthy,) well«made. Some of them are occupied! breeding and ndsing oattle, and oaltivating i quantities of wheat and beans ; but for wsii| sufficient land, for which they cannot obtiiij rightfVd ownership, their labours are very lin ' Othan dedicate ihemsalves to thesMvice of i All Mie preeldiid companiea are compoied of ll AND COMNBRGUL BMTIRrftlSBS. 7«t I d ths country, bat Ui« moct 9f tlMOi art iBdoient, it being very rw* for Miy to •trire to MicoMnt bit fofton«« b«n»>ridiiig, tad gwnbUag •toupy all Th« aft* are antirely unknown, and abtftil if thera is one individual wbo any trade i very few who nndentaad BdimenU of letlert, and the ether Mienoe* Bwn amongst them. ^fiHUDdity of the fofle t^ reMca ia It ia very rate to find a married lb lest Uiau five or six children, while hnndreda who have from twelve to iVeey few of them die in their youth, ling the age of puberty are sure to (id-childNn. The a;;? c." eighty and has always be«:i common in this ^ttnost bfirmities ko unknown here^ and and robustness of the people show Bial influence if the climate ; the particular have always the roses their cheeks. This beautiful species doubt the most active and laborious, their vigilaneios in the duties of the kdeanliness of their children, and atten* ' husbands, dedicating all their leisure [|d some kind of occupation that may be Is their maintenance. Their cloth- clean and decent, nakedness being tnown in either sex. •if CtfMMurcf.-* There are four ports, kys, in this territory, which take the [the corresponding presidios. The best that of Sau Diego. That of 3an 1 many advantages. Santa Barbara Idling in the t^ rort of the season ; aes uways bad. Besides the above< places, vessels sometimes anchor at San Luis Obispo, El Refugio, San bSan Juan, that they may obtain the 'of the missions nearest these last- places ; but from an order sent by of war, and circulated by the com- Bneral, we are given to understand Bign vessel is permitted to anchor at Bse places, Monterey only excepted, iding the commandante-general has first three principal ports to remain jjsionally. Were it not so, there would be an end to all oommaroe with jfis I will quickly show, motive that induces foreign vessels coast is for the hides and tallow barter for in the territory. It is well »t ac any of these ports there is no of realizing any money, for here it ;,ciroalate. The goods imported by bIs are intended to facilitate the the aforesaid articles, well knowing lesions have no interest in money, such goods as at« neoessary for the I that seveml pwnona who have brought |aell iot nothing bot money have not to acU them. l\ will appear very exhraoffdUMry Uuit money eliouid nei bn nppMo > ciatad in a country where its valM is so wdl»^ known ; bat tha veason may be easily peroe i ^ed hpbi attendinff to the ourcumetaiieea ef tha tenilanr. < n The quantity of hide* gathered yeariy is tSant^i tliirty 0* forty fehonsand ; and the onrobaa ef I tallow, with very Ultla diflParenee, will be wkanlkf the same. Avarnging Iha price ol' oaoh aitieto : at two doUars, w* shall sea thai the intrioiiat value in nnnnnl oirotiUtioB in Caiifomhi la.' 140,U0O doUara. Iliia sum, divided h ets r em i * twenty -one miasiona will give to eaoh 66Mh dollarsh Suppaeing the only prodootion oftlmi conntry eon verted into money, with what wo«Mm the Indians healothod, and by wliat memia woirii^l thwjT be able t» cover a thousand othat nece»i(i sanee 't Money is useful in amplifying speonlOM'i tionst but hi California, as yet^ ^ being in small quontitiee." ' • \*t It was daring the month of November,' 1 60^*'^ the snn just retiring behind the distant U|(h laov'' which forms the background of a apadoua har- ' bonr at the southernmost p^int of Alta Oaliifitir« ^ nia, that a small fleet of ve»sels night hate beeitt' ' seen directuig their cpurta u if ia leihsh of a ' place of anchorage ; their \\^ saila dnwa np^ while the larger ones, swelling now And then to ' the action of the breese, bore thttn miye^ticolly ' along, forcing their way through th« immense ' and almost impenetrable barrier of aea^ttea^ tQ a haven which, at the remote period atiUsd, waa considered the unexplored region of the North. ',' The fleet referred to hauled their wind to the shoro, and passing a bluff point of land on their l(rfit» soon came to anchor ; but no*^^ until, the ibodea ' of night had cast a gloom over the aoeae so re- cently lighted up with the gorgeona lOys of » setting san. This was the oomm^noement, or rather i;^ liminary mark, of civilisation in thia country hj^ t the Spaniards (if so it can be called) { and oa , the following morning a detachment was landed, accompanied by a firiar, to mako careful invest^ gation of the king ridge of high land whioh aervee as a proteotion to this harbonr firam the h«««>y north-west gales. They foond, as reported, an abundance ef small oak and otlmr kiwea, together with a great variety of naeful ud aioraatinfaerha i and from its summit they beheld the eatent and beauty of the port, reaching, oe they said, fnU three leagues from where the vessel la.j at anchor A large tent was erected on the sandy beaeh, to answer the pnrpoaea of a ohorch, where the fliar might perform moss, and by directions ef tbe commanding offioero, the boots were dmwn an for repairing, wells were dug, portiee were sent off to cat wood, while gnoida wcm phieed at fonvenientdistanoeatogivenoUoeeftheapproach - n* rt isvittAfiu*i4 fdVAOM ilit¥U lH«i)*Hfe «Hr«M«tt Hi«t»trtt ilHliH M(^ iiHkH« IMIft 1^ ill^i lHMM»nMN||vHy trid^Hml tnMf pfNvtn#. Ihli fdiiHlMiatloii M tm\A MMmil mvimA thent b Hraw nMt^ U\ wh«r» tm tMlliiiHHA)- mtl )»Hdmt tvlth nU mi»n« Hut MlMtlvtiif !« Ur|tt» i humWi'i ih** rnhiMilHil tb n melghtMUrlnit knHI« «Miil n-«m ni(»nt!« nmit witait (KfiJiwMihit Hftp«rflnl)y •» much Mithbllily. watt prAMntM iMHitHltitvIv wtlh Kll\t«, •nd l^llHitlad to itrt tntt infot m lH«ti> |t«Hpl« itf \\vd Smif (tt«|ttmlilnki elt«iliin«d Ibr th«tH by the M tIniMiitri. Thli «**!< 9Ulllei«ni to Iwitinitt _ Ik* lntiirM«Hi« »Hh UiR litdtiiMi, wbo tltlU villltii th« ^MM^UrdR, iMid birttii^rd olt ib«r^ iktM and r\m In astebftititt fnr h(>iid!i Mitd trln- 1|ttl«> Bat »t iMMttK the tima niHted Ibr (b« lllathi dl^rU anJi (b«y »rtH>«cdtttt uorihward, vllUmr In thati- MUrae Nontetisy and M^iido. «tA(^i «n«>l^ tA« lattti f1i«Dtti^At that an aHtbnilaiim pHitalted in tba mm* ttf tha ll)MintaHla, wblah et^nld only be aiaAagN by aa attaiu|>t t«^ (Mnauarand ehHii- tlkVktM tM l\kbabnanti or that distant |tnttlon dr tb« AMI«-iV«n aaatlnaht Many waia the (Hltwia lalttitt af tha Bpaalnh adtanturai - MaaMit>ai «ata tha ttah^manii of bin u\\\ and latMnr, till ai h^ngth a l\t)-mldal>le attempt, vMm tita patf(\na((a and dlv«n of Dun Gas- fmt M trortala and fNtb«r .tnnlp«>m Rerra, swNMsf^tty aahtavati thi> d^Mn^d olvioct htr wMah U arai plannml and cxfcniad, k\ •in f >l^h>, *ahaM», a uentnt-y and a half IMtlMiitt tha ptimttlw natlmaton under Onrtei «MiiaiaMM wtttk the Hide and unRnphimieatMl itatlfa— th«t%(Wh«iH» the watont detotiM ei^eted hta aliir im tha hat^t^tai «aad. and arlih nflbr- Hwa tttlwamta and ji»ra)'er hallAWed It ta Ottd, «lHMit^tH>^«a«>f rhrtittantty In that tatlen— «4NM thit Ml«t«tla)(iiAt««M»Ntane«Ml the «attltual aaaMaaatt tha^trMa xhii etaated, and the bnly aMaarawarhM who aeeaanpanied tha expe«tttloa aaiMraH haan aad i««al apitn their reliKitiai Antaa. 8^i««e«»Ai( tn ail they uwtertnok, tltelr imt eatalMiih««ent in a «h«>rt time wa« ettm- tt)eta4, aM dtawitqr amand it the ennvert^ [wMaaa la taifa naMhera, tha rada and nneal- tiaat«A IMiJIk tave pl« heap In abe«k s^nnb or tba ttallvmi alio t>| dUlheilned tn «b li»>ld and wntliNbitp ittet wtib reatty m pllanoe, and «o pronpfrinis were the Itattitiiih < tltet weny ttf tlieiH beeatna Wealthy, Inij inere«Mi> nf ibfir eatlla and ureel abnnilMiin i their ariinarleii, tt wim tin ttuuitnai ulRhi < Mtotatbe ttialnn fttr laaffiten llteraily itpMii^ with bulbtrhH, and larae fleldn itr etuiitj wheiit aitanrtnit aereii or aruund. TIiIh <»i nf tblnnH rnHllnued until the period tU Meaico unrinrwent a ehnnge la Itl puIlM rarm of unvernment. wlilen '6(ife tneannra Tor deRtructlon, and they were left to the w Inlendenoe of IndltldaaU Who pluiulered of tit tbnt w«fi desirable or eapable uf reitmi^ TbuR the ftovernment commeneed tba robM and 1(8 birelloafl carried It out td (he Idi' desiro>lnf and laying wasia Where vcr H were placed. In ut-der to ghe the Ihbalim • share of (be spoils, soitieof (hem WetcM milted to slaughter (ha e«t(lt< by eonirT which was an equal division of (ha prof and (be con(rac(nrs were earefbl wiiehiFj delivered one hide (n a inisslun. (o r^liertd' for (hemseWas, In (his way foHoWlitg u^j eiample of (heir superiors. ^ This important revolution In the sy erMf^d, Itrid linn Ptp^ihun fn (Mfln, th«« i(«I(InI pumn-n- i )f h(irn(*rl p«ltl«« hf i\ttf rakthfrni did j i>H tiiin li««M(lrHl thnfMNmi: hut In Ift14, l(r t|g nut munli. Ifiinft o'l^rt nf i millltfn iMi (rt ttt« mlN(»ralii nf ft«llfttrnlii. verv Ik knitwni |irlor ti tli* ycur III47« ft B»«n th« pdllojr of tli« nwnarii nf Idnd i ^Itlefl lliiffit «xltitMl mlnflrild tn ennoiffil ! lttn«h tin piittUMn ] (at, by tht* l«w nf ir nhf> ni«h rflnrnvtrii m niln« nf nnf bti Mttolhftr nian'H Unri, wnd the pinprla- I iHit itntk It, tlii^ fnrmcr mijr tlmnHnet |« i»kf> fifMiipoihn of It, nnd hold II no isohtlniiM In work It. tfenM tfM nf lind ntmn wM^A^ th«fe were lliiln#nil orm, coneeMlMl th«lr «Rliit- IliMh u |>o«g|l/iii. While In Californit JMliitllver, allfe^^ lead, end Iron ore*, |ltM>etinena were iMketi nam ttilittm nald MltMumlHIe. front food itithoritf f I dtlHlenM* of ftold and copper tnlne», helnt nnffllrin«d ; and I HAW npeel- nal tilien ffotn two or three diifffrent it I do net know what the Indleatlonit (n tinHllly, 0rlntitl*ne, Mllpetre, [iMid oarhonale of noda, ind bitumen, int. 9Vre Is little doitbt that Gall- ^^ rich In ttilneral*6f alllilndii at any PHf Meklerti \nH thia hun dlnee heeti ived hjr the atnindanee of the preeioUi |l«l, Which has hetn fotind all oter the The manner of Iti Rrit diseoTery In I iilngul«t-« aiid oflourred Mn Ibllowtit-^ linhec ]fl«7, Cnptaln Sutler, a aettler terainfiito Plain, contracted With a "hall to biiMd a Maw-mlll at that plaae. Bled In the aMome of the winter and idatn tnd raoe eonslrucled ( but When was let OM the wheel, the tall raee to be t4T0 narrow to permit the I ea^afie with euMeteni rapidity, Mr. I, to tttve tebour, let the water direetljr ktee with a itrong current, so as to t%ider and deeper. Me effeeied bis ^ind • large bed of laud atid grttel ' Ml to the foot of the raee^ Ono dtjr lull, as he WAS walking down the reee uposlt of nud, observed some gtllter- eles at its upper edgei he fathered a iMlned them, ind bMame satlsfled ttt |ue. He then went to the fort, told ■utter of his dlsoovery, and they fa keep It secret unlU • eerttlo trlst- Plutler*s was fldlshed. It. howeter, •nd spreed like mtt$\t. lUfMirkabio Attended the Itboura of the first e«- and In a few weeke hundreds of men iwn ;thither» Little otoie than tbrtt t. i^iP.kHtnr.n. ff* tnonihs ifier It** Untt'^tctf^HifJi^HiftA. fflsled that tipwards of thht ih/>tisafid ^»M« i W(ttt es the ptnMt^f "f f «f freshing on the side of a stream entirely un- known to diggers or ' prospectors,' or, rather if known, not attended to, 6ne of my eompan- SoM, in rolling in the sand, said, ' GItc me a tin tutx Why^ioald we not be cooking in gold sunds?" Hvtook a pan, filled it with sand, wMlwd it oirti iJnd produced in fire minutes ti»w ^ \ at the Placer 1 to 9 dollars per lb. ; salt and pork, 50 to 100 dollars per barrel; ki 90 to 75 dollars per barrel ; coffee, 8ugar,ij riee, 50e. to 1 didlar per lb. As washh 50e. to 1 dollar a garment, many prefer th ing away their nsed>up clothes to payin|| washerwoman ; that is, if they intend retuti to tlie aettlementa soott, where they can | ehase more. As to shaving, 1 have nevcrif a man who had time to perform that openfi They do not work on Sundays, only brnii their tent, blow out the emery or fine n sand from the week's work. Horses that ( travel only one day, and from that to at|| are from 100 to 900 dollars. Freight i by launch owners for threedays* snuyAt per barreL Waggonera efaargeiMilo Mj lars per load, SO to ilO aaalaa a»<««adi Corn, barley, peas, beans,. M 4tM bmbel. Common piatds^ any priae; and lead: very dear. J kBo# »fh|Miiii ia San Frvoeiseo, purchased a aomaaa 90ld washer at SO or SO dollars^ made of I SO feet of boarda^ At a great axf boated It up to theintlaBdkigioiifhei BBonto, auid tiiere ttet a waggoner' booad t «f tha digf^ni^ with an empty vnggea, ( about 5& miles. Tbo waggoaer woaMf take iup the maehinia under tOO dollars. tir worthy Oovtr .oi*. Colonel of 1st , Ac, having plenty of carts, waggons, id mules, with a few regulars left, ^gone, but under better advantages, >nd or third time, to see the placer country, and have justice done to his sen or himself. Commodore Jones, rived in Monterey, supposed it to be tal, head-quarters, dec, but found not Governor left. Where head-quarters uncertain, whether in Monterey, P'ort, or in a four mule waggon travel- Br the gold region. Now, whether irters are freighted with munitions of kc, or whether the cargo consists of I, shirts, &c., to clothe the suffering f, for the paltry consideration of gold, cares or knows. But the principle that* if privates can or will be off their thousands, those who are better »uld not go goldless." Vfip York //ero/rf of January 23, 1S48, I, Tlie-goid region of California is the COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES. ?l most wonderful tbat has ever been iiaeawmA, There seems to be no ("Mibt, that in a short time— proUbly in less than tw9 year»— theia mines can be made to prodoce 100,000 jDOOi. |mr year. The region is the moat ezteosivf of the kind in the world, being 800 miles ii| length, and lao in width, with every indicatioo that gold exists in la^e native masses, in the rocks and mountaias of the Sierra Nevada. But these vast gold mines are not the only mineral discoveries that have been made. The quic|(- silver in the same region seems to be as abun- dant as the gold, so there are approximated to each other two metals, which will have a meet important effect and utility in making the gfrid mines more valuable. HeretoCure the gold and silver mines of Mejtico and Peru have been valuable to Spain, because she possessed a monopoly of the quioksilver mines at Almadeo, in the Peninsula. This is surpassed by CaU< fornia. According to the last aeeouott now given to the public, emigrants were crowding in from euery port of the Pacific to California— from Mexico, Peru, the Sandwiolr^elande, Oregon; and we have no doubt by tids time the British possessions in the Bast, Chiaa^aad everywhere else in that region, are furnishing emigrants to the wonderful regions of Caiiforaia. In (ass than a year there will probably be a popular tion of 100,000 to 900.000 souU, all digging for gold, and capable of producing fron 100,000,(M)0 to 800,000,000 dollars worth per annum of pure gold, to be thrown on the oegn- merceof the world at one fell swoop. Tide will produce results that no one, can at this time estimate. imM\t^f- • v ») bu Leaving the mission of San Joseph's on the 9dth of May, 1803, we experienced undeviating floe weather, fair winds, and smooth sea, on our passage to the Sandwich Islands, and on the 19th of June, ISOS, got sight of Owhyh.,e, its summit towering above the clouds. Wa pafU^ Kohollo Point with a strong breeae ; an4> 9^ suming the King to be at ICaniJj^akonariMf ^ we proceeded directly thitner,. ■ Arriving on the 2 1st in the morning, we lay by, and fired a gun. Not a canoe, however, nor a person, was seen moving. Ttte silence and inactivity which pre- vailed, formed a perfect contrast to alt my for- mer experience at these islands. At length, after lying by more than an hour, two persons were discovered swimming off to us. On af- rlvlng on board, one of them spoke ^ufflolent English to make us understand,ftbatt|iere exist- ed a taboo ; and, moreover, that the kiug and principal men were at Mowee They piloted tts to the best anchorage, passing over the coral bank ; and ^ anchored on a sandy bottom, in sixteen fathoms. The next day, John Young, who l^d seen us pass his residence, at Tooayah Bayj made us a f isit, presttmiog we should anchor here. He tolrl lis thn^ tlic tftboo wn^ n prrindii'nl i>np. WhKi hp first lincnmp nn i«h«hUnnt of Hip Is- Innd, it was of ton dfty«' dnrntiiMj ; htit, of Intn ypnrs, hud brpii r(»d»icr(l, and wns now limited to thrpp. \Vp intended to rpmpin iipre no lonRPV than w-fts rpqnisitp to «npply ouvspIvps witit n few rpfreshnvpnts, which Yonna nndevtook to prortn-p for ns. Wr improved the time, tl>pre- Jorp, by n rnmhle on sliovp. Among other jiIacpr, we visited that Morni, wliere, in lieflnnoe of the prejndieps of tiic. nntives, (!aptnin Cook caused his observatory to be erepfed ; rt desperation, t^'hich was tlie origin of the qMsr^el that termi- nated his exist oncp. Tlipre are yet standing, near the Moral, several eocoa-ii.u trees, whicli Ri-p perfor tted with the bulls tirod fron\ his can- non on ' .nt occasion. We left Karukakooa Hay on the '23i-d, nndlhc next morning anchored at Tooayah Bay, for the ?nrpos'.! of landing the niiirc with foal, for which onng was very \n'gen' professing to ha' »■ a kncwiodge of the (rcatnu t of horses, and pro- mising to take all possible care of the piiimal. In the expectation that the chance of thoir in- , crease would be better secured, by placing the .horses in the care of ditt'erent persons, we ac- , ceded to his \-equest, and landed me mare in > safety near his place. Tliis was the tirst horse that ever trod the soil of Owhyhee, and cansed, . amongst the natives, itid-ssant acclamations of • astonishment. Leaving this bay the same even- ing, we steered ft>r Mowee ; otV wliich island we •ky becalmed a part of ilie next day. When •tl«4ireew sprang up, though at a long distance tlMm tho village of Lahinn, we were boarded by 'IwiaO l>avis, the European, who, with John Voung, was captured tnauy years since, in Cap- tain Metcalf's vessel. Soon after, a double ca- ' nop xvas seen c«>ming towanis us ; and, on ar- rival alongside, a large, athlptic man, nearly nakot^, jm\iped on board, who was introduced by !)a\'i$ as Tamaahmaah, the (?reat King. l>esii"ons of conciliating the good ojiinion of a person whose power was so great, we omitted no attention which we supposed would be agree- able to him. Wut, whether he had left; some d»ity nnpoiformed on show, or whether he had Ttit with something to disturb his serenity of miud, we know not ; certain it was, that he did not w-ciproi^ate onr civilities. He appeared to be absent ; and, after walking i-ound the deck of the vessel, and taking only a very careless look of the horses, he got into his canoe, and went on shore. Daxis remained on board all night to pilot us to the best anchorage, which we gh'^'-d early the following morning, and, •oon after, had our decks crowded with v'sitors to sec the horses. The people showed nne of that indifference on seeing thc\», which '\ad been snanifested by the king, and which I Ipft nt Owhyhee for (, He expressed his thanks, but did not spi>i, comprehend thrir value. While the crowd were appArenttv wnmlpi, what use they could be pnt to, % sailor frnm. siup jumped upon the hack of one and g«!|f» otf .imid the shouts of the natives, wli,' » nlccrity opened a way to let hfm pass. \\, existed strong apprehensions iti the minds n( for the safety of the man ; but whet», by p back and fcnth, they perceived the dhriliit the aniitial, his subjection aniMiis flcetncs8,ii >ora the kin^ all which we paid the full prie^ ; and thoiiitli < offered tis a small present as an oihet for; horses, we declined its acceptance. Bein|[ prehensive that our stock of bread woulil i last till we reached China, we hoped, as a » ' stitnte, to procure a good supply of yams;! in this expectation we were disapfminted. they were at this time nnnsually scare*, i< therefore we determined to touch at the o« i islands for this purpose. Accordingly, onK 2d of .Ttdy we left MoWee, and thenext niomi anchored in Whyteete Bay, island of Woaliwi While the nati\'eR were engaged in collortj our supplies, I made a long excursion on sluf among the bcatttiftd rural scenery in the mitt bonrbood of the bay. In a retired spot, clotlj with venlure and surrounded with coco«il_^^ Irpps, my guide pointed to the grave of iiir*tl»^ friend and former shipmate, Charles Dcihy,'' died here last year, on board a Bosldn '"j which be commanded, from the Nor coast. Charles and I had sailed many a tin s.-iud leagues together, and being of ilic age, the probability was as great, whoii. parted, that he would visit my grave as I w] Meeting with but partial sticcess in pnoi'u"" here a supply of yams, we left on the .Vh,i passed the following day, lying off and on.i»^ Atoui, the most western island of the with no better success 5 and then bore awyi' ef.'tli, tliP untMf (h» ,. «r«mhol«, of flipt/mii'' OH tH'rti flrmn. B } IliP k'.ny, who wdsd Irft nt: Owiiyhi-c fori, ks, htit did lot ^17 rfl Bpp«r(>ntlv wnndn, pHt to, K gallDr frnm. lack of onp and gRllni f the natives, wli,' » let h'tn pass. tl» isioMS tti the miml^ of nn ; hut whett, l-y p toreoiveu the uoriliti )n aniMtis ncetme, whom he worshipped. The first, impotency of the idols, was without mitted \ but the second, not being Id not be comprehended. His mind, •ppear>>d to be dwelling on the sub- increased attention, after each conver- |At length, one day, while walking toge- king unusually thoughtful, and Howell favourably from it, the silence was the king s observing, " You say your werful, wise, good, and that he will httrm those who truly worship and ?" This being assented to, than said " Give me proof, by going and tliroW- lelf from yonder precipice, and, while ill oil your God to shield you ; and if e unharmed, I will then embrace the i»f your God." It may be unnecessary ' ai Howell failed to give the desired that the king remained unconverted, ractice of mutilation was prevalent on of a peraon of consequence. At this Iff one was deficient in the two most COMMF.RCIAL I'.NTR !t PIllSRS, 1'A prnmiii nt upper front teeth, which had been knocked (Hit. Ik conformity with the tyrnnny of custom, and to have failed in giving; such evi- dence of loyalty would have been impolitie and iinsiufe. (Jnllantry is held in no less eKtiinatiou here than loyalty; and feats are related to have been performed, '«» cimvince the adored object of devotedness anil attacNment, which will bear comparison with those of the renowned days of chivalry. An instance occurred, a few days be- fore our arrival, of a man swimming 'nun the v'''age of l/akina, in Mowee, to the Island of R«nai, a distance of not less than ten miles, tu convince the idolir.ed damsel of the truth and extent of bis passion. The effect was unknown at the period of (ujr departure, but it may be presumed to have been irresistible. The abuse of power. In the most unfrrincipled and even cruel acts, has frequently been chnrged to (Mir countrymen, while pursuing tlif^r avoca- tions in these distant regions, and J am sorrv to say not without foundation. To such eonmirt may reasonably be attributed the hostility of the Indians, the loss of many innocent lives, and «if much property. Two instamres in point, of i*. cent date, were at this time the general »h»»nie of conversation among the foreigners at Mo«ne. The first, that of a Captain 11 , In a scboouer belonging to Philadelphia, who seiv,eket, and master of the schooner Nancy, of Boitoit, engaged in the seal-skin business. This vessel, during the unfavourable season at Ma«afii«ra, went to Easter Island, where the natives came on board with a confidence inspired by the good treatment they had usually experienced from other vessels which bad visited tliem. When on the point of sailing, he decoyed six of them he- low, closed the hatches over them, and w«nt to sea. His object was to take them to Maaafuera, and employ them In taking* and skinning seals, and afterwards, probably, to return them un- harmed to their native island and friends. It it presumable that they were as well treated a« a regard to their security would admit. Be this, however, as it may, when the land was no longer in sight, there was supposed to Imi no danger of an attempt to escape, and conse- quently they were allowed to come on deck, when, without a moment's hesitation, they all simultaneously threw themselves into the sea. The boat was lowered down and eve 7 effort made to save them, but in vain, as, beirg expert swimmers, they used their gfreat»"t exertions to avoid the boat ; thus evincing a preference of death to slavery.* On the 7th of July, 1803, having ascertained * This was rriated to me by a person who was at Masafuera «rhen the schoonar Naney arrived there from Easter Island. 'm k H »»l»»t» llmt* Otrtti ll»»*v Ut'tn Htttllt. «*•»' Hirtiltt «trt(l \^ «iW' ^»>Mumi|, wlllt 0(1' lt\|»'t(Hi*»t M» thtU'lilntn KV tl\tt ^^it^n.i »r •niitwi Hhii fnitu< in "inttt hI »>«rt« Ulrthil in» tlH' i'v»<»)lntt tir (li** 'I'Mlt. I'll!' WMl «mM)U>\a.hrt>i<, \\»< ilttimltMl ttttndl tl»h ithtlli l>rtm<>«, ttlM^rttril ,s\\ w \\\\\ «l.*hll rttti'i , HII ttjU'tlthn 1ttHni«li( tii> A«rt»ti Hid |\U*«»*«»»mI ♦(» i^>\( \ltiw tnrtlthm n \v\\ ItJfMv WHf ^hrtilfil, tM»t| lltf tlUhUlit' l>t'Ut(til hrtilHU j|«u>M\ii»v. s\\i»v n»*rt(t»tivit I'Uiliiv, |^\>S\\(\M'i^ »t\ hn\»< jNV(*i»>»nl )\>l \\\\\\ O^r '«ll|»(tlli"i \v>t(\Hv>\, rtt\)\ \\\K\i^\\ h\s\\ In WM«rtlll In Amw S*, «»' \\\«>*^V^«''^ ti<«\ftl(>\nn i>n\v In^n r«minh l\tl h|i\U'viln^ t\u<«»' «n<»<»\\tM. m, ii ni\t nvui.n»«|t|»< \\\n\n^M »l(u.in Ut* nrt \\Hl\i>n« ihr'tn. «»« tliil m\ n\m»N ^s rt\n<^tM, l.n« )\\\ sImWt H'Mnhi'tl t«« Ssr^i Mm\\^ Mh^\\m\\*, AwA l\ot'» iMHivm \S[ iltf (l'AH\MV>\ Vl\»>*»' BUr*!*! »v>>l«l«rit\ \\l»l> \\^ till Mtt« W^vH \\V>«AM't< \\\\\\ \\w\\ \\*H. rtUt^ |ntm»Ul«| to \ >^^N ^vt\tl>v^\'» l^N l\\«' \1»nl« *\n» nnv nnft-tn ^Tl^Vy^^M << U ^\\\t wr «\n»^tMi*i«' \\t^\\t.\\\, n( tnt>n utt^^tv, «>\<< W «>«N>t^^v»'l \\\(iM>\»\ \\s<\rtUH««t<>, ftl\n»t \\\\\\^ iV'^tH* «\i \\hnw\ rtn> v\«t\vv<» n\\>\ \\n\%\n. \%' 5lk\iiK\\\\ nNW%»M» »vt ^M^** ^»\H(<(r>\ m\\ \\\M\ unl wv». m'\ 'i\\t *w>s>^1 »>s<^»^«*t» in ^\»rtl« I* t«»««tv r>siM ^'>^^ oO\n \<\»^\\>v«\»»«» <\M t^^*' ntSii^ iaV<^w ^s vV\ iH«^ 1*1h vvl V^^MoH. wv \>M A>Ui»>\<* wwp «ow« iv *H>< n»i ^^^» **«» ^M\HW >vy«'>nv ^^x^* 1^^ * Av»t» <\>iMV^4 >m»«« ^^»»*(l 1rt•^^^^w»^^^Y^ rM i^t^ w^wi \>>^Ww» »^\»ft\\i», av^^W« «!hlrVhl,AMH'<« Vitt/^lllfJ ♦ «i) in llui'H IliiKHi fum HPdJ t^ttllllnt^^l tnn^ mill nnifll t|nilliHhii|f, lilitHJOtt In i<|I|imi|I» (tM'ilnnn nllii (n)i(iml (iny. miil I'ltmhitt im k: Hml iMi'UniiH It *i"Hi Nf» (ii llitpHli'ii <^*ti-M fVhIv HilliU limit »inii- ilMflt*. |i«»IIi'I(ImiI( ^;| lii'iwhfii H(t< xltiiiiH^ nr Mm «tii(iln tiiiii. „„ Ivw ♦ilnhltntl'i III' I'rtlni) umi nliinh Ihum ii,„| ii>t>«ivi' ili'i'|) iiml iiiiii'lt iiilllti|ti liii'ti' (fin I I'ltiut' In rt)i)ni>lti«i|il ilii- iii<«« Mf (tin ((i!(.i ^UMillthi i'in(llniii>i| !>♦( Im«'Ivin |lll< Vtl'Klllh) tlhl'IIMtM tii'lll, I llii< hinlni»t|l I'ld'i uiiiH limiii'i null', iim,i •uMini' ni'ittlii't lltmi niu tthi«^|ih(-lhMM'il..ii llnin, |i» l|i»' i'vhnlii|i nf lli^ I 'III, ur \\»'i':i'.\ Urtliol i«!(iiniU Hii iln' i>:»il, \\t> crttiii' in nl I'li'lltti IM.tni'H t HlI'M IMl""!!!!* hIiIi'Ii, m inni'it i'hIik wi«hIIii>i, «I(Ii'Ii itlifluHl tw (mi,,. niMi'inl Htni'«, ttttil lli(ii' nn^•ltlnrt^^f Im Mttcmi llnmU <||| iii. V jtlinl w>iil Inwiiiiii i'iv.<» I hilt. i.n«ltti| hi mlfjim ^vlMilfl (tiMl Vt'ittK, HO tllii iin( li'Hi'll NTHinititH Mil l!ii'|| i'hf »n<l Hnitlt'mili't wv imh jMrtM^Mlnn,. wnlti'tl tltf »t««(»|» ni vrttuni* hfttltftn Wf liml ( ♦n iHPtnhniiNi ftit ilti' fnnmiHHtliiM nf ilm i^l A» li'nnMi Ht< ni'i'fjtittil Mtf |»rt)H«»Hliiii ntH nmyorttt'iMn lit' nntnl^ I'lmhlw, Tliln um*"' UM\ ItrttnWntttf inttlH tn« tltf Nkltiii, wTiIiIm Initt' ^»«l»l ftn In tfrtii nl ll»i« ciiMUHt |ttiii n\n lnti»nUnn ««« to l«i<»« wlMt iltMn i" l't\lli'.l HIM»"« WlUlf tnnMni |nr|trt»ii||ini fn fptflvr ilici rtH Vntftlirttt ultlp rtvtlvt'il fVinn titp M|»i»(iliili« \\\\\\ lln> ttrrtim |»inl of l(i>t MtiHvNiil imr Iti^i^ttl rliU M \vM< (Untiii I'liiitil lii< Itmiiii li'ti lltnnlhul I'lui, III i \>umM\ of HIMkiiiu nii> rtM.'nM»i on On" rnlintihlu cnnnt Ulnn ^ii' M'lnnlHMt'il lo «itiil«>tinkv Hil< \i\< 1 1 1, ui'tvuo initny M|«r*llnHHo«iii loltc III! ■ I llmt w* yU^f^AM Uti fMc Htt ItUm'Mli iil «i> ^i»M Mu' »•»««»>> nWil cmint, NiiH •'oini'i|i» I tlta|«oM»> i»(Mtn| of fltn iilti|i Itnlntlii • '■'"' ««««••, lU«'»f t Ukc \\iioi|to« w>ir'n> ilim- m ic 111' i M»nU'tM>«^ hr (Up |>ui|itMW, mtii wiirii' lU"^ I nit «(ti>Ni|i( liirf tl*!' Klml WM m«vi»i Itpfmi' I Unt \ti> (^MinH otii rotiiitrjitMNi rnidt ii»'< ° I o««!i ol B>^t«^t tm aH tlio atit Millt«|i |i'"< ' I viiow ^^ mn winiUni targis |mpiii'l, ijH mr MUim cHlfj-M*, n llln-fMlfy, n |t^H»> pttntmmtt'i' (if Ml*" fn»««i* f(»(t((« Hhi\ m fnitilly rtlllHftf'M. Of ♦Itli (Ij'^N-lfiMtix ♦»*<(< rt «')• .M hit rt*;i(im»(»'p iif fill- i^ottd (j»mllf* til' iMfpti I'lt*"*!* (if t»>(tti in lit rldiK'ti' liHtiniir, himctfr lilitli lit** •if till* liidlvlilitiil In (|ii(«MH«if4 Mil^lil AMMirilitiitlr, tilt i««iimliiii(l»iM, lif f««iin«l It iHdIpml iif ri'fii j|(i»mI, ih III* Jif »f»fjf «|il(«Hl*'. Wlii'M ttiU »ll«if'r»fi*fy wnn uwM fM till' lltitiK »»i««ri'lt«Ml, ht> (Mil fmf iti M|ii)lii^| I li)tl III Htiilil ltii> f'tii'iAiir^ ill li« (iiHtlP itf n mttituvi*r»y , cliniiKNl Htii'j* ftif nt(^ll «« liml liN'M nftpi'ii fm. Hti> |irH*MllitK frnti«fiHlriiin, I Imd tl|t(«(l In iMi'tmt-ltin nil ltivi<iKi>ii|ti>i' fur llMHtiin, id (Iia fuliip lH|ilnlli V,hUiArHviil Nt ilm (Iniiii. — llntiMrdiro, Mdim- If lliit viirM^'-'ArrUnl hI HtmUm. — Mr, H (lUimtfir* - Ki« Mfn nrrlviil In ('Klirnriiln, MlilliMii (III i« 11111111. -«N)>rttiiiiiitNiniiMit, —lit* truMliin «lliiNll(iii l.t>Hl4iiii|iit)|ii«i|. tl)* "r- h( ili« Nmiilwliih UlxtiiU. I'rnniirM n thot l.ntivM III** I'nrtiDlii Ilm Kln^'ii pr'*- (»!itnfin». — UiitiKii'MMriil vo tdmn^Mtnit wliJ/*ll w««rMf«*( »« ^^ftllrt* in mt^i ihk hinin nfttmAiMp. im nht\mmht'i' u^f^H «rt i\^ NIf hi Pfnii**i>Hiih0>ft*nt iwid, wime wft lli'i'il itiifHhft ni iht' Hinttiittt tt'iififitit'^ ihit mmiMn. W^ If''-" mitnfi^.f'fS In Mi^ i'tUHim*, Urttl #**w Wfrnr-pfUM^tt/s-fd ihtuifi^tiiin^t*ti. fhii tiiydift* MMW «(iff(»tM, /f?/w/f >« ffi*" pt^thui NtlHlt nt>pHmitMh, h«vlfi|{ tfhMlp1h>1 tlVtffi ihflU ifih ffHfn, Nimphff)\ nn nffMfKitii',, t>f('ff>iiltiif fiitit ff'll [((•lt((«^f. till' imuf UiitfHui'h' iiini iin^i ttitfn^ m\\\\\H im xiini't^/ttiUiti, hf Uiiiitmif ft\tni(in ioi. f'Militt rtllHiKlf't f^rtfi ii\ffftUif(iti uphiUtniitiiflf^ ifUtt>*i lr)rt»>« Ui iiif viiitUi, iiiut luntft'nti'il Ut lin III* |ir'»frrli"ly 'rf phtiiU'tUit( w/'(( Kii wtr nh^Uf lo timtnlfi fi»rffWifflM(»«ff H(^ fHiifftnpiHlMi nVintti't^ l« flffrtfr* of Hft'tiiH Ufipttftnriff. HllthU^^ «(Wf. >ti nut muHirtl ^f Kii/I rtl«f(»i«M)'(i(, NuAli ]mnfy lli/> titMtimpi\Hn l(fi(ill»')»l rtfifl ttii*tfniifiih pmt ttt Itm itumut-^A, (inil iin n prf^'H fwllMjj hf f-minPif li» ffVftry tlnrrg rplnOtitf ♦" ♦*"* "»»»tt«p{#ttt«<»rtl rtf (N« «f«lfi, Afl f//>M (w ihni iii Mil' *'f«r|Mi. fint in na I'Mtrtrini* iti~ vidvlMd "1 """'•• 'MfllMdty «♦»/! /|«rtt| nn^/'»>^* ttt «>i*w liip «ti>rlti» iifi.; fttimtA^f CtpiifthttHy M ifrnpff, iiini «<• *#• nW*! I*r iVcfmpH0tt It fvlllirtiit n riijittif^, In ««ffrrlfy. fr>>yi«d hy M)f» f»»fy dlffl"»dlT*'» «fi/l t'^nhmnv*- Ht^im »»»• lindHiw?nn»»»l(^r, IfftflWtf I'lrd/nflifd my fr^*^;lr^ ^m fy/wf^ Mi^ AlM-f,flnd tlifti, «l«||i liHrift »li rAndy mt flt« -IMi /» dr' fip^-d do«n H»*< r/v^ »tl I'lmijimi* Willi llir. ii^dfi Wnumm, (;»|/f«»in «(»f- ii^-y, #Uh wliWf? uri *«fitt»i(jffn*Ti» wm «(«d»' t/» kf*"!! ffi'njmny iintll w^w'•ff /iMir 'd iM tlr»»if«. II w«« wirtn ttfrt^h^ti, tlmf tlio Al^ft, jffMtly f»iil»«UH Hif Mifirrvpf, •fid Hint tnir finnnnf>i'. jvnt ffni»«h fMnfd*d l»y nhnftfnitm null ffrr lif r. W^, hWWUVW, Hrfl«H lf»«JI>f|(Af Ml, N(rr*h r«1«rt^, wliwf, Wlill^i ♦■^«»J(^ff in fllling up uur »,it,flf- i'm1»«, niitn.»rfm« Mdlny* fnttir' lUr^n i.fi tiif- fl^ nintrii nli*rf»», i*i ft^'imnnf ♦>'♦'•' ffniU «r>d n %tm ♦Hflflljr fif ffi/mltfiyd, fn. Tin* f>h- ici'l. for wlil^li w»( twifhxd lit iIim («lnnd bfin^ •ri'mnvMshAd fin the 'i^MLfh*- tnrhw wm «^ in\*' itf Hf»iirl»on on lli*< 2l«t nf P0}rr>inty, «nd nrrlvwl In tuld*- M»y. (;)ip*. <^ (hwni ilnp.*] on tli«« IlMli ttf Mnrch, hiiving w-fin n/rthing rtf lli»i M«mivi>r »ln«'«' thfl ffVAnfaif o/ l^nvini; V<^»ti luiiind. Kii|>nflt4>f W!(|uain(iinifl with m«ny triod p^^n, whOM liiHd(t€»t and h-mprtality I itvfsxpeirmncsd 3 *S \\\ " St\ gi*»ih ' hWii «nVrrt>tly. ^\\f}\ rtli* nt(»i»M(l; Hit' "mnimittt t\\\t\ nrt(l'»1Mt')>iVy hd'ltli'til'*, oi'frt^lithiilly \\\v\ ullli iu tlu^p wliU'st' lt\i<>hu'!»« |i »*n tl\t' t»i'Mm, mill w1lloi\ tMiiV II >i'>l ♦•» tilivlnh'. nl Irn'-I »i| li-x^rMi th»' IriillliW rtUii miMUHrtHV IH'MilllrtV »n n»r« |mi i^nv Mriiil" rtt 'III' I'l^^c, vvtj lii»tli' MiiMii n'l'lt'ii ittt tllf ilMh, i\liil r.rtlli>il \\s\ Ht)»»t»li. Om jmsxrtgf wn* mrtvhn^ hv Ui* liih'Vvn|H|rtii Ih llic rtiit^ «i'n tllfV rtUii i»mi>i>Hl ifrt j»\ tlin CnjU' i»f tJomi i^iv\ii» rtH«^ till' IrtUliiilr o( Mrlimiilrt, Vi'» milllnn y^n- ft\s \\\\\)i rt iliiif. \Uili i\ili mill iirnilt' Imim>vi><<. \\l1h»S»l1 r\V\\ i^l\r"mi'l\ Ull\(M>\rUil»i{ (nrlilt'Hh\'« ^h»> frrtit' V\l>li-I^ vir« rtrni'rtll\lril \\\\\\ f\m\\\ Init HlrV M<\Ui'< i\\\\\ i»«^i'.1\iiiiv VVi> iwvIm'iI nnfVly n\ Ww h\\\ x'iW ihi' \\\\\ oV i^Uy, tMiM. N.-:»vl\ rlnlit \rn\n hrt»\ «>ln\s'*fil n\\\r\> \\[\ \\\'\\\\\U\\\- IVnm ^>Wi^< i\iM< \\\\- ^M'vIimI l\rtil l\(>i>ii ^^vnHlll' hi r\Y«t* l«ll rlini-nifri-*, m\\ \y\\u\\w\\\\i «»\'i'l'^V'»^i\>ll»>t» i'ii>(>'tl«>i\». ulili'l\ »>rti\ I'-' |llo|^n■l\ *>MiiiM\inl hy tl\0!»iMmU \\h«^ hrtvt' hrtil *\\\\\\m m \\\\\sWf' ^^^■ !»<\K^ rtvvlWM^ n< rt MMV B-tytN.I \^\A\^ir1. «vn»^ ^^V^V M^\^^ rt«\\iMHi^nriMl'sl\ lUtl Ihrti \iA\'i v^"r «M\V ft\hriu«\v. wlilrli \\i\* \m»lovllip ^^'iwvli^NW »M i>Ny lW>^i\ Sl>rtl»'V. il«'i\r rt-s well, tlio fli^tT'is^ty 1 rt >in>. \vlM«>l\ iv!««|t<'A \)\ iM'rtvly rtt>Mnl Ihn^ wi'ihf |nx>\v\iy ^\u«lo> \\\% A\A\y:f'. \s \\\\* W i\ ^Srt>1 \M tlN<^ \if\\A \\W\\'% \^\\i!Vftr n\ \\\\\\mw\\ *>»\Wr\io\\ \vit^\ Il\rt1 rtlivrtdy nrt^i-rtttMl. rti tv> fi>n>v h\ Vsot, ^yilil M rt \\I^\^W, \ lirtvi' oh««li\\\\tp\ t\^ jiiw tl\«' o\ttlu\»\% ot U, lh\«V|f<\ U llr V ^ M' Vf^\\\\\^^it'. h\\\\\\\\ iw f|\o rArtM V»fV"'M^A>Wirt,\\\\<'\v V rtn-\vv«^ \vi\^ ihAt «N\rtM \\\\t rt lV\v \\rA»i, rtrtA )\Ai\ »\'i<\SN*o>^ <^ Wrti sh htM^viU . IWxmv iivMiiift o#. rts iy» ort\>*«» >IW h^ iv »NV«i« «n'rt*!Hii»»Mt. IV >»rt\y ^^>v^^'( >v?\ot \rt rt«\ iM v ^o«>>( !fW^T5 rtWT^ '■'^'l"*^ '^^ M'i'MWV i th >»rt\>rt rtltrtnf t'«>y' iVa »>M^M ^^r.Vl^ 0\t' l>^\^^ clM\'!<^ ^rtvv \\H>\\ \\\f^\\\ W\\\\M. rt'1¥ Jjyy-mt^l. . iA \yi- ««>> ii^ hr\t' ht tho ,Iom m1 uUttiln '>\ lV 1ft^i^>»rt^i^xV»(i Vrtrtri U\V> «»rt^'|r>v Tht'A !kv)»'. 0(yvJ«^ \M \\\c Jlivn\%. rtinoit^ Hw^Hflv xx^K^X vN^V"^ »x>ftlvvlx rtnx »^llx<"^ **l- ♦miliittM Odiii In ihlliiiijc, nitii lt«i •>tiit>^| (^ ♦lir I'lTbch (if Mi'rt niitl nlittl. tlic Milf ,\\,t . rlili "inlllclfiilly III I'Hitlilc flirdi lit f'Kiiir I, It'iilci Im liijlnjr lit'i m ♦«» itiofi" Mir viiyiiRP : mill III «lii)i llif InnU jmH'ii nii. rtttilili' flii'iii In tciii'li (lie HiinilttU'li Ivl^ RPf'KM'il lo III' (lif ttiilv wny III rttulil (III' 1 III')'* (>r Hie j»fM|trHy. I'lir' »r|tnli<< \\\^•\ iil'li' tn mnld' «•'»(> ilmic In i i n . iltM , rti wiiulil Itrtvf llirtilr' U tii»|ii^tHliililr i. ♦ r'tUhl miy I'llit'i imMtiot' (limi ottn wlufo M\n\\\ \yrvm\W on ftiUiM «iilll)r'l mill rt |m|i. nil llii' Miiy. Ill(t' Hw tiiip ruiUriMplnlril w »lit"»»< ml\n(ilnfti'«, honrvrr, H wn«»ii^lnf». Oimi \\\p ninnl iwitttli mc U \\{S\M \v(\\\\\T. No ftnrluM vm^ipI uii«| niiiiMt', lo \v\\\\\\ to llip i'oi»<(t «'IH( lltf III" l'i> hi'lijtit n slilii «l(li U lo Cliliirt ttniiM ' Ihto rrtRy i liilt Uii'ii It uoiilil li|« tintisin'iii:, \\\\o\v llio lot* o»\ rt »!' Krtli* \toiiiillth vi'ty lii' \\\ ihlii illliMomn It «!!'» ilrclili'il, M M rli'Mi illllli'iililt'i. to lllrt Uyvil Am rt lllllt' vnMrl of tlilHr im (■ loo«. \vlili'l\ lirttl lu'r'ii liiillt OH lilt' Hlndil I Mrt* n nt'ijoi'lrttloii oV nirntfi Hinftulliiilfllii" U\\\fl lirtil I'vrv tirt\m' prt>llt'l|mti'il |»», ami liiH>oitnm'i' ot «liK'l» «rt« sptii^iltly IVit In i 1\» |ilni'r n «'rtVB;o of mii'h vrtlm*, Hiitl fm\\" \)\' n\\v\\ rt vttllcty of mtl»'l('H| iiti ti'«nillii|j t' •rtvrtRt'k ii» il>"li'll» rt««l of Biu'h liii'KtliHrtltli' (I III ll\f rtjarun-niitp, In tlit» imwci of tlihlipilcn ivlyinu: «'Htln»l) on lih nononv ftn- lis i."ii Wm, \^1\\\^ tu' jnstllli'rl onit jiy tlin incssino v«'*»lty \\\\W\\ rxistnl. Thi' t'Oiilldcnci' p'l In \\\\% rl\li'f, tlnntnh tTliirlrtiilly, wm yw Ivy till' I'M-nt to l\rtM' Iti'i'n Ui'll ini'ilti'il I'iiiTio \\n« \\v\\ »rn'lv»'il Intn \\\n stint', mnlv tln> s('l\- wrts n'rttly, It wns nil rrtltliltiliM l\onon»i5My to tin' iitMrton m»|toinii ' 1V0«»l\t' It. Vw tiM' srhnonft \\M (\iii' I'hftv^r ot till' vojrt^ir. tl\i' (lllllcnltlf'^ i>t > rtu <'i\to«|ni!«i' In rt »nlt«hl« vt'isi'l IniM' nh ' Ki'n nrtviKtiMh lln'^o wmv >jn'llly iiit'ii'iiinl tho MUrtll nii'V of U\i' Tninrtiirt rtml ilii' rini-inr *,V(>l>l»'«oss of IIm' nrw. IVisevt'inncc mul vInMvy, Uoxxvxov, on tlu' |>ml of Mi. IIiiiImhhj !><>rtv nrt ioiss|on« m\- KrtHvi with tin* ImUrtns wviv nf snirtll ni'ii"- Not- lUii hi' w»\ ii" 1 ilri'lili'tl, M It t'li>ii wlih tinunnhiiinnii vnnni'l itf ♦lilH'F I'l I' |ilU lilt llir Wlitiiil I nli'i imittHlliKli'iln"' »rtVlti'l|»rtinl III, Mill' Its spli'^ilily IVit lu I \\ vtthu't nml i-onii'' li>li'»l (III h'ttniliiiK 1' ullrh IlinnHinnlilr u jmwi'i of llils lltul"n fiommv ft»i- II « ii«t miIt liy tlip |iii'«'\\ ftltni'liril ii« imiliiiK ; Init linul'''" 1 1 of »tirii(ttli ; mill''' ll»> mlnsloiio «Hi|i vnv «r mimll yww' iv s\u"iv\m ftiii'itt fiif ^•"••l". nIHi nhlfli ^tr. ''li»i!''r fcHllleil IIk-iii, HkimkIi IIic Iim)i(» itf r»'Hivcr- iMc liiitl '•••'■•' rt «'',nfl''t iiiiylMtrfillHiiMllilmrifiMciiN. lilcr liMil |iri«»'Ml"il liltM, oMi- vctir, lo Hi" |iliilt'«, iiinl i^nll'ilHici" l|l« iirilvHl. TIk- . ftui of Me, IIikImoii. til I'mivIiI"Iic«', •o'lii Id nitlvni. |ticTi'Mii'i| for rvf-r Hi«' (l^«ir»■ll ; Till- l.llld Ms ft "'•■' H'pfllK'd ll/ Hl^ 1(1 iiiii'li' Iw or Hiri'c voyiiKPs Hi riiiiin, jdrtl 00(1. Al liMiitHi, woiM fiiil, nml Ihi fnf rtllMU'ii fffivliig xliiji foro(iliif(i, , fiMiht'M ti|i or NMiik nl Wiifiipod. (tlllliK oiiRlif lo he mill!. If (lol lo |ii*llfy, [to i-rlPiiimH'. Ill" iitiillhfiiiwllli nf linlf IIh' nrdliiHry iiHci"!! ilptriniKlfd own iiifnliiiiiU. wlioRyiii|mlliU»'nc»v iN'feil iiiif liili'rL'onr'st' Willi IliN |ico|ili», |imiilf'ly froiii I lie Rovpriiiopivl. II wnn n iMinforiiiily wllli Hip roIiIph riiln of fii iiHiPiB m, ill likpi'irpiiniNlmippd, wp itp M\m% ilii iiiilo III!." IIpiipp w** IonI, Kiiiiily of I'linlliinliiit Hip hiIvopiiIps of tiiiiii'iil. mill tMinvlnpliiR Hip wnvpfinn felf pvIiIpiiI |iii)|io»)Hnii, Hint govpi-iiiiipnls itllnliil for Hip Iiii|i|iIii('sh of Hip |ip(i{iIp, mIiihIvpIj for Hinl of llin nilptu t Hmf. (if rt^rlii IipIiiiikn lo nnd einnnnipii from I', «liimp HprvmiU Hip riil(>r* nrp. iUm , mIipii, liy forpp, RiiHlaKPiiii or imy .jtiiicr, tills icliilioii IipIwhiiii |ipo|iIp mill mil liP(ionip ri'vpi'^ptl, If wur ii |inl|inlilp llin on Hip purl of Hip Inllpr; wlildi 11 r nnd lipcoininit lo iprWI niiilpr nity iiirpn, lint niiMP PH|ipplnlly wlipn Hip jiowrr wnsiiHPil lo oifiiirnR nnd pii«Iiivp. p Ipimiiin lo HiIr jipoiiIp, liowiivcr, on iioiiA of KovPi'iiorn mill Kovnnmd, or lo in Hie iiiomm of (Miniiirlpnlion from Hip Iklloii, lo II HpiiRP of wliirh Hipy worn Iip- j to \iJikp lip, \\i\H not tliP ohjprt of oiir Pi nor (lid wp nnli('i|inlp Hip dllJiriilHi'^ wp p<(i(fl"Mppd Wp (ind n^pprlfllffd flint, f'lr p'-nf-of Amiffi", tfi^ Spdrilsli poI'imIph (ifid liz-pooi" eo d'Kli'(d'> of H(P mtooifiipliirp* of ^;l(f•op^, tliftt Hip rigoor (rf tti^ RO'crmtiPftt Iff fttMNd HipI'- Nifty wM fftfjr foopli »f1illtr«♦^/|. Aod If *N* tll^ ^tp'^'frtHofi of n roiilioMfOjofi of Hdi p'lli'-v, ntid wlti'li Hi^ fiffC'c of AoiImii put ftff Pod lo, Hint mnflp Hi'? j;ro>ipp( t rtflllcriotr, fifid iodocfd 111 lo orrdpr(fl(cf« Hip VOyJlBP. WtiPfl Ofo ^ POflmfkM Ifl It, ffl^f^ rPinnlfiMl to 01 Hip f*1iOl>'P ot(ly lo fhtni nfl*1 •loliiiilt to It''*''! loix, or lo ('oriiic ihf hrt/rtfdoii« poio-np ofifffilpd, fiiol lnl?p our rfinuhf fhr tfir» tf'- lolt. riiflt rp«iiill will lip pprr(lv/>d, tty th^ \itN'n1- lott imrfrttlvp, t/i liffvP lippo In no d^^fr^p '•offirn^tt- qioiilPwIHi Hifi linrnrd, toll, nui1 ttnViMy We tn- POiKilrTPfl. A* rt tp^lioioiiy of iind'-vinHfin ndflity. It \n onlv n jiiil IrilmtpiO Hip roPioory of i^fltTf^f, thA lilncif ififlM, to uny, Hint, throoi^doiit Hifi loOS Mild ((oiililp^oror' voynptP, Iip jipfforifird Hl^ f»nrt. of n ffiHIifid ililp t*. — Hfrjiflrinrn ttom Npw Vdfh.— Ftpyprn gnlp. --f,o»n <«f furnnnni ntiA lMif»i| Ol rppiilr 'lniriii«''.- - V' •<«! t'limfA m H Jirlu, - llpsdiinlliin cliniiuiKl. -Snlfl of Hm fnfgo. — Mii'lo of (ll«(;lifirglfiK If. — A PnrKn lit hn"f fifrt- fiir»'(l.---'('lip riinin (liiiirtlrlicn itiOi If, o» ffnvnnn. — AiiKthwr «lii(i |iiircfiiin«i(1. Vf.yngo Oi Kf, f;«- tlMifliin'».--fnilolpiicp (pf (tin Inlmhiifiritfl, Arro- ItnfiPP (if (lip llimiv«t Unpen. — Wlihi liilinii pnn^pMliM ■ ! by Hm ('nhnttit MgtVt. f'i'llt |m I nrliild, Mill rrlo, ill mv cnlrrfrrlSPH, « »|ririt rrf AdrAn« ♦ nrp loillpd Willi Hint »if n«pil*iHon Imd t>pfintfi<»! motivp of mlion ; loit lipnppfortti thf. hittpr wm lo net nloiiP. TliP voyni

fj- rlnnivp dirpplion of Mr. Rlmlpr, provrff ti yp.rf iinforlnniitn onP. Owing to dome Inffrrmality in Hin prolpxt, wp fnijpd io rfcuvr any Hiing from Hifi nridprwfitPrs. TIip nltpropt rnmd'- ondrr the dirpplion of Mr. niidtrWp <,fir nffttirt CLEVHI.AND H VOYAGES 78 by a retnm to the coast of California with tliat part of the cargo which remained unsold, in a little vessel which had been built at the island, and had been taken in exchange for the Lelia Byrd, was unsuccessful. The large amount cre- dited to the missionaries of California, on their simple notes, was a total loss. Only four of the twenty priests of the various missions scattered along the coast, to whom we had given credit, were sufficiently honest to redeem their notes. The amount which we had placed in charge of our ftiend Rouissillon, to be accounted for by him on his arrival in the United States, was also lost by the unfortunate death of that gentleman at Mexico. These combined losses had made such an inroad on our fortunes as to make re- newed exertions necessary to retrieve them. Nor were the domestic obligations which I had recently contracted less influential in stimulating ijM to great efforts and great self-denial, for the at- tainment of an object which had become incal- culably more desirable and important to me in consequence. The common and every-day voyages to Eu- rope, India, and China, which presented the prospect of only moderate profit, but with en- tire safety, were less in harmony with my incli- nations and hi^its than those of a more enter- prising character, which promised greater ad- vantage though with increased risk. The war ■ueceeding the short peace of Amiens had again closed the ports of the Spanish colonier .o any commerce in their own ships ; and ttiey must therefore again rely exclusively on foreign flags for the requisite supply of European manufac- tures. A voyage to the coasts of Chili and Peru then presenting greater prospects of profit, in proportion to the risk, than any other, Mr. Sha- ler and myself again united our fortunes in such an adventure under my direction. In June, 1806, we purchased at New York the Aspasia, a Baltimore clipper-built schooner of one hundred and seventy tons, which had been recently cop- pered to the walcs. This vessel was fitted with every thing requisite for the voyage, not omitting 8 suitable armament. This last circumstance excited the suspicion of some of the worthy fraternity of Friends, that our destination was to Africa for slaves ; but they were quieted on my assurance that I had no such intention, and, moreover, that they did not hold this cruel traffic in greater horror and detestation than I did. As the late master of the Aspasia could have no motive to deceive me, I relied on his assur- ance, that the spars were perfectly sound and in good condition ; nor did our sad experience to the contrary induce the belief of any want of good faith on his part. A cargo, such as ex- perience had taught us was best suited to the wants of the people for whom it was destined, was purchased at New York, and, with the ves- sel, was owned equally by Mr. Slialer and myself, abi^arbing about the wljole amount of tbft for- tunes of each, a portion only of which na< > vered by insurance, at a very high premir Our ship's company was one third more than usual complement for this vessel, making i gether sixteen persons. Being all ready for sea on the morning of 10th of August, 1806, and having a fine Ijre. from the westward, the pilot, true to his gagement, came on board and conducted usi side of Sandy Hook. He then left ti> board a vessel bound in. The wind was , | light and the ocean so smooth, presentingt: " the unrufiled surface of a summer's sea," i j it was late in the afternoon before we lust&i , of the islands of Neversink. A succession of light winds and calm « ther, not unusual at this season of the year, i , dered the first part of our passage very teiliu and it was not until the 10th of September,; 1 we took the trade winds, being then in laiiigg^ 200 north, and longitude 27o west of Grecnw gSS But it seemed as if the long calm had been : a prelude to a gale in a parallel where it entirely unexpected. During the day our were double-reefed, the wind so far to the i ward as to bring the sea very much on the h J causing much water to he shipped. Presiu | on the swift sailing of the vessel, we had st< j a course further to the westward in this lali^ than would have been considered prudeii vessels of the ordinary rate of sailing ; heo:^ was particularly desirable that qo spar shorn carried away, and that no other accident sl>i happen, which might cause the risk cf f^ to leeward of Cape St. Roque. At sunset, as there was no diminution oij gale, and the sea had increased, our sail < reduced, by taking off the bonnets from foresail and jib, and taking TT third reef in) mainsail. Under this reduced sail we ' making ten knots an hour. At this ratt{ continued going until the middle watcM half expired, wheu, immediately after the ii was relieved, a tremendous crash was heani) at the same moment the foremast was scei be falling over to leeward. Its weight, tq with the topmost-yards, sails, and rigging tached to it, was too heavy to be support ' the bowsprit, and that broke off near the s The vessel, no longer mindful of her helm,< up into the wind. The scene now, for tl moments, was one of dismay. The A&xhf\ the night, the roaring sea, the howling wiiKi quick and sharp rolling of the vessel, iinclid by any sail, the hard thumping against theit of the spars which had fallen alongsiiirl which threatened mischief, and the difficiT coming at the rigging which held the s|> order to cut it away, all combined to maki^ situation one of great perplexity. At eai' of the vessel to windward, the stay, wliickf! the head of the mainmast was attaciied t<)^^ of the foremast, raising it out of >^" ter, and causing a strain which tlircatcit(4 m only of which wa« , t a very high premif IS one third more tliair this vessel, making i ea on the morning of; and having a iiru; he he pilot, true to his i ird and conducted usii ;. He then left «*, in. The wind wns v J smooth, presenting tr ! of a summer's sea," i , noon before we losti rsink. bt winds and calm « ' is season of the year, i our passage very teilit le 10th of September,;' ids, being then in laii'. ide 27" west of Greenw \ s long calm had been i I a parallel where it Daring the day our le wind so far to the > J ea very much on the b , 9 he shipped. Presu; | the vessel, we had st< ] e westward in this latr.^ ^D considered prudeii y rate of sailing ; het:^ able that no spar shouit^ t no other accident cause the risk cf falg Roque. ) was no diminution oi] d increased, our oif the bonnets from) taking's' third reef iii lis reduced sail we n hour. At this raU| il the middle watckj mmediately after thei ndous crash was heani) the foremast was i«S ward. Its weight, topll rds, sails, and rigginii'" heavy to be support at broke off near the ! r mindful of her heltn,i The scene now, fori! f dismay. The darliwl a; sea, the howling wii"^ ing of the vessel, uncM thumping against tlie'i had fallen along ischief, and the difficul ng which held the spi^ , all combined to maW it perplexity. At eaA dward, the stay, wliic'l [imast was attaclied M ' •aising it out of ^1'^ (train which tliicatcm AND COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES. 79 * the mainmast, made it requisite to cut at stay as soon as possible. This could 1 only at t mainmast head ; but to get jras a very difBcult task, owing to the I being gr«»»*'y slackened by one roll, and i up with a sudden jerk on the opposite. 'first attempt, the man had ascended lalf-way, when he was thrown off by one s sudden jerks, but fortunately was saved ^truction by falhng into the mainsail, lliaving been lowered part way down, ^cradle for his recei)tion, and prevented ' Ing any harm. A second attempt was .cesafut ; the man gained the mast-head , away the stay ; but, by this time, the t had become so badlv sprung, that I Bhensive it woula fall before he could as this was accomplished, the atten. ♦very one was given to cutting away llie rigging as kept the wreck of spars This being done, and the precaution f'ftttaching a strong line to the spars, drift of the vessel soon brou^t in dward, and they served to keep the td to the sea. Daylight unveiled to misfortune; but, on examining the le foremast, an old defect was disco- ih had been hidden from our sight Iges of the mast, and which was the kwr misfortune. Inoon the following day, the gale had lerably abated, and with great industry knly saved the sails and ri^rging, but Mury-mast, and got a sail irpon it before was now, however, a matter of much [ to determine on the most eligible course The sail we were able to spread was reduced as to make our progress on a slow ; this difficulty might at any increased by the fall of the main- Ifch was so very badly sprung, that, est efforts at fishing it, and also of re- of the weight of the topmast and yards, constant apprehension of losing it. 'predicament, it would be impossible to Pit lee shore. To proceed to any one of 'India Islands, would have been a task ccomplishment, as it would have been fore the wind all the way; but this ttuld have been ruinous to our voyage, ^'wind as it then was, two points free, make five knots an hour; hence I it practicable to weather Cape St. id, this once accomplished, the pros- I be fair of reaching Ilio Janeiro, where rs required could be easily and expe- made, end the original plan of the prosecuted. I therefore determined ng the attempt, and shaped our course Ijpnrpose. J to the prevalence of light winds and rhich succeeded the gale that had been ous to us, we did not cross the equator until the 6th of October, twenly-ftve days firom that of the disaster ; and in eighteen days after- wards, the 24th of October, we arrived at Rio Janeiro ; having been forty-three days navigat- ing in 80 crippled a state, that a gale of ordinary violence or duration wouldgreatly have increased our embarrassments, if it did not prevent our gaining the desired port< The policy of the Portuguese government, like that of SpMu, prohibited strangers from en- tering a port of their colonies, excepting only on the evidence of such palpable necessity as would make the refusal an act of gross inhumanity. There could exist no doubt in the minds vf the official visitors that ours was a case in pointy and one demanding the utmost extent of their indul- gence. Nearly two hours were expended in th« requisite examinations and investigations of the damages incurred, in order to estimate the time required to repair them, so as to graduate the number of days which should be (lermitted ua to remain in port. The prods verba, or report, being accomplished and submitted to the proper authorities, they were pleased to grant us forty- five days. An attempt was now made by the govern- ment linguist to compel the employment of me- chanics of his appointment ; but the very ear- nestness with which he pressed this, and liia assurance that I should be permitted to employ no others, awakened my suspicion of sinister and base motives on his part, and induced a re- ference to higher authority, from which I learned that no such regulation existed, and that I was at liberty to employ any Uiat I chose. It was impossible to procure such masts here as were suitable for a schooner of the size of our vessel, and I therefore decided to rig her as a brig ; for which purpose both onr old masts would answer. Giving, then, to the carpenter the requisite directions for the length of the masts, spars, &c., and to the sail-maker for the sails to be made from those of the schooner, and employing the crew in preparing the rigging, there existed no doubt of accomplishing our ob- ject, and of being ready to leave the port even before the expiration of the time to which we were limited. Whilst the Aspasia was nndergoing the varioos repairs and changes, I had received information which made it very desirable to alter the voyage. The great length of time during wliich an en- tire suspension of business had been caused at the River of Plate, by the hostile fleet and army of England, had prevented the transmission to the Havana of those supplies of jerked beef which long habit had made indispensable. It was obvious, therefore, that no occasion had ever been presented which held out snch flatter- ing inducements for the undertalung of such a voyage. The profits were a certainty, that might be nearly estimated at the outset. I'he risk from capture at sea appeared to be trifling, and 80 CLEVELAND S VOYAGES '1 the time necessary for its accomplishment would not be more than half that required for prose- cuting the original plan. ' But the obstacles to be overcome were very great, and at first sight, seemed to render the attempt irrational and hopeless. The utter impossibility of obtaining ]iermis8ion from government to sell our cargo, the difficulty and great risk of attempting to do it without such permission, the small amount in value which our vessel would carry in jerked beef, and the improbability of being able to pro- cure a suitable ship to take the remainder, all seemed to render the execution of the plan, however desirable, one of insurmountable dif- ficulty. In the prosecution of an object, how- ever, where there was a certainty of reward in proportion to obstacles to be overcome, the sti- mulus was powerful to look on every side for their removal ; and, in so doing, I was aided by one of the most respectable and influential mer- chants of the city. In the old and decayed colonial governments of Portugal and Spain, where those who admi- nistered them siemed to consider themselves placed rather to make their own fortunes than to benefit the state or the people, and where the conduct of the subalterns in office was influenced by the example of their superiors, an intelligent merchant generally possessed the power, if not of siispending the rigour of the commercial laws, at least of producing a blindness to their infracticn which rendered them nugatory. To such a merchant it was my good fortune to be introduced ; one, before all others of the city, who possessed the requisite energy, enterprise, influence, and ability for the prosecution of the plsn in contemplation. He perceived that a ne- gociation was practicable, which would be mu- tually advantageous. The great profit he would make on my cargo, taken at ten per cent, ad- vance on the invoice, at which I offered it, would enable him to defray all the expenses of getting it on shdre, and those attendant On the delivery of the Aspasia's cargo of beef at sea; both of which operations were to be a* his risk, and would leave him a handsome sum as compensa- tion. An additional inducement, also, was that of receiving, in part of payment, a fine coppered ship of three hundred and sixty tons burden, then in port, and ready to be expedited without delay. This ship was to be provided with a Portuguese master and crew, to be navigated under the Portuguese flag, and was to proceed to the island of St. Catharine, where a cargo of beef would be delivered on board as soon as it could be transported there from the Rio Grande. According to agreement, the necessary mea- sures were taken for unlading the Aspasia, and 80 judiciously, that in two nights the whole car- go was landed without accident, or any attempt at molestation from the sentries or the officers of the customs. It was not possible, however, to conceal or to prevent observation 6n the sud- den and miraculous manner in which our vcsse had become elevated on the water, and wiijcii was marked along her whole length by the grass and foulness common to wood which has hjes for so long a time submerged in sea-wpcer, This evidence of our nightly labour was scraped off, and a coat of tar and blacking put on im. mediately ; of which no other notice was talcei than an occasional joke from the native boat. men on the suddenness with which our vessel had risen on the water without any apparent cause. Although we used all our powers to induct the spar-maker to exert his utmost energies io our behalf, he was unable to complete the span, tops, and caps in less than three weeks after om arrival. However, as the other parts of tli« equipment were finished, we succeeded in pre. paring the vessel tor sea a week within the timt to which we were limited. When all was thus ready, we weighed anchor, and made several tacks to and fro in the bay, to try her rate of sailing and manner of working as a brig, ami had reason to be perfectly satisfied with th change. The next day, having ascertained thai the vessel with the beef was ready to go outsidt and transfer it to the Aspasia, both vessels pro- ceeded to sea together, on the ist of December To Mr. Rodgers, the first mate of the Aspasia,! had given her in charge, with directions, whet laden, to proceed to the Havana, there dispose of the cargo, and, with the proceeds of it, to lade the vessel with such produce of the island as he should judge best, adapted to the New York market, whither he' was to make the besi of his way with it. > The Aspasia being dispatched, there was m thing to prevent me from giving my undividei attention to expediting the Tel^maco, the sliipi had Ijought ; but acting by mettns of others, I perceived to be dull work, and particularly sf with the Portuguese. There was, however, no other resource than patience ; and it was verr evident, that large drafts would be requirci upon whatever stock I might possess of this vir- tue. The ydung man who had been appointee to command the ship was docile and amiable but entirely destitute of that principle of enter prise which is an acknowle(%ed peculiarity d the American character ; so that, as almosi every thing depended on his exertions for get- ting away the ship, it was nearly the end of December Ijefo^e this desirable object was ac- complished. Our passage to St. Catharine's was performed in a few days, and with much ease. The prodi- camont, however, of making one of a ship'i company, not an individual of which, excci:tinj my servant, was acquainted with any other thai the Portuguese language, of which I was ign» rant, was not without its embarrassment. Entering by the passage at the north end the island, it is nccessai'y to pass over a distance of flats, on wldch there arc only ■ic, cause the ship to draw more water in going t, and that we should be compelled to lade greater part of the cargo in the roadstead, Ifthe north end of the island. >irections having been sent to Rio Grande, ic time of making my contract for the beef illie sent to St. Catharine's, a brig, with nearly 4^ hundred tons, reached there a few dayf af- ariival. This being taken on board, and pying the place of the ballast, which had thrown out, made the ship draw a few |cs more water than on entering ; and this ig increase caused embarrassment, and the a kedge-anchor, in returning over the Having anchored in the roadstead, near ^HtMnain side, from wliich was a beautiful run <|§||Rter emptying into the sea, we waited there ijr a month before receiving the remainder cargo. In the mean time, the men were in filling the water-casks, and in cutting ^ntiful supply of wood. I town of St. Catharine's is eligibly situated entle slope, at the south-west side of the U and its harbour is secure against the in- I of every wind. The appearance of the , from the shipping in the harbour, is very essing ; but a closer inspection tends, in I degree, to remove the favourable impres- ^thus made. The houses are of very or- construction. generally of one story ; and jTumiture is of the rudest manufacture, and to articles of indispensable necessity, p, the inhabitants, being unacquainted with es, or unamiiitious of possessing them, are lenerally in the enjoyment of ease and inde- ence. Indeed, when a Creole Portuguese "8cs enough to keep him from starving, he longer labour, but riots in those slothful enccs wliich, from education, or rather le, and the effect of climate, he considers le happiness. ! the richest individual of the place I had a ;of introduction ; but it did not procure for ay of those little attentions which may be ., without any expense, and which are so ing in a strange land. By the accidental ■stance of being near his house, during a shower, I took the liberty of going in, roid getting w et, and was treated with all ible civility. This man's fortune is esti- at twenty thousand dollars ; an amount 91, compared with that of the rest of the lunity, gives him the same false estimate iniself, induced by the sycophancy of his ^-citizens, which, from a like cause, is but ten seen in better educated and more in- ent communities. governor, though acknowledged to be a l»y man, is decidedly opposed to the levelling - which is a peculiarity of the times ; and G when its influence is observed in an intbvidual, by any deficiency of respect to himself, he does not allow it to pass unnoticed. Of this he gave an instance one day, when one of the seamen of the Telemaco, being on shore on liberty, passed near to him without raising his hat. He was instantly arrested; and although he urged, in extenuation, his ignorance of its being the go- vernor, he was nevertheless put in the stocks for an hoar. With such summary punishment for a breach of good manners, it may be presumed that the people are orderly ; that riots, street- brawls, and drunken frolics are unknown here. Indeed, the inhabitants have no fancy for them ; and the foreign sail(vs, who are occasionally here, soon discover that a sober demeanour is the only one allowable. In consfquence of the limited native com- merce of St. Catharine's, and the small number of foreign ships which visit it, there are no in- ducements to the inhabitants to prepare such supplies of live stock, vegetables, and frnits, as are desirable for vessels touching there; and hence, in procuring ours, we were indebted to the kindness of some individuals, who permitted encroachments to be made on their family stock. Having accomplished our lading, after waiting for the last part of the cargo until my patience was nearly exhausted, we immediately weigKed anchor, and sailed for the Havana, on tiie |4tl| , of Februarj, 1806. , | After having abandoned the original j^Ein of ' going to the west coast of America, and decided * on the one I was now prosecuting, I had written ' by two opportunities, from Rio Janeiro, to my friends in Boston, requesting to have insurance effected, if it were practicable. But these were precarious times for neutrals, when the two great belligerents agreed in nothing else than in plun- ' dering them; and I was aware of the uncer- tainty, whether, by some new order in council, on one side, or some retaliatory decree on the other, approximating to an interdiction of all neutral commerce, insurance could be effected at any rate. On the presumption, however, that such neutral commerce would be unmolested, aa did not, even in a remote degree, prejudice the interests of the belligerents, (and of this descrip- tion the voyage I was now pursuing certainly was,) I felt that I had little else to guard against than the sea risk, and therefore was free from anxiety on the subject of insurance. A few degrees south of the equator we fell in with a British frigate, by which we were sub- jected to a rigid scrutiny ; the result of which was a conviction of the neutrality of the pro- perty, the legality of the voyage, and conse- quently, that there existed no motive for deten- tion. By the captain and officers of this ship I was treated with much civility, and, on parting, they wished me a safe arrival iit Havana. A similar investigation, with a Hkc result, by a British sloop-of-war, from which we weie boarded a few days ufterwaidb, tended to cncou- CLE\ ELANDS VOYAGES m nge me in the belief that I had nothing to ap- prehend from British vessels of war. These evidences that my voyage was not considered opposed to any order or regulation which should justify its interruption, and by those, too, whose eye to discover a flaw possessed the quickness of the eagle, and whose appetite for prey was as voracious as that of the shark, confirmed my opinion, that the sea risk was all I had to appre- hend. With these impressions, I perceived no other obstacle to prevent my reaching Havana, where I was sure of reaping an immense profit on my adventure. In the contemplation of such flattering prospects, my imagination often dwelt on the joy of a happy return to my family, with a fortune that would supersede the necessity of ever leaving it again. These pleasing anticipa- tions, however, were soon destined to pass away into the regions of airy castles. £arly on a fine morning, when about a hun- dred and fifty miles to windward of the Island of Martinique, we descried a number of vessels to the westward, wluch, on approaching, were perceived to be a fleet of English vessels of war. Being nearest the Ramillies of seventy-four guns, we were boarded from that ship ; and on ascer- taining that the fleet was commanded by Admi- ral * * * * nc^ my heart sank within me. All my confidence, resulting from the mrdeal to which we had been so recently subjected, com- bined vrith my entire conviction ol the innocence and legitimacy of the voyage, were insufficient to banish the apprehension of being sent in for abjudication. The boarding officer from the Ramillies was a joung man of good appearance, but totally defi- cient in every attribute of the gentleman ex- cepting his garb. His behaviour to the captain of the Telemaco, and to myself, while on board our own ship, was marked by all that insolence, arrogance, and impudence, which are the ac- knowledged peculiarities of a coward, when conscious of being free from danger. As the captain of the Telemaco did not speak English, I accompanied tliis brutal officer on board the BamiUies, with the ship's papers. My reception aqid treatment by the venerable and respectable commander of this ship, formed a perfect con- trast with that of the boarding officer. He was evidently one of the old school, urbane, mild, gentlemanly, and with manners and deportment as much at variance with those of his subalterns, I^t "Wcrc the courtiers of the times of the Louises with the sam-culottea of our day. After a tho- rough examination of our papers, in which he was assisted by two of his officers, no cause was perceived by them to justify the detention of the ship ; consequently, the papers were returned to me by the commander, who wished me a good voyage, and caused me to be put on board the Telemaco again. On the presumption that a captain in the fleet would not act in this independent manner with- out the. sanction of the commander-in-chief, I began to doubt whether time had not effected a change in the character of the admiral ; whether the high station to which he had arrived might not have elevated his mind above the buccaneer- ing propensities for which he was famed ; whether even he might not occasionally feel something allied to remorse, at the amount of distress which he must be conscious that he had caused, and hence had determined to plunder no more. This delusion, unfortunately, was but of momentary duration. We had scarcely filled away«Dur sails, when, the admiral's ship having approached, and the information having been conveyed to him, by signal, of whence we came, and whither we were bound, without deigning to see us or our papers, he ordered our ship to be taken possession of, and to be conducted to Tortola. Accordingly, a boat, vrith the requisite number of men, came on board from the Cerbe- rus frigate, and took possession of our sttip ; and returning, took our ship's company, including mysdf, on board the frigate, leaving the master of the Telemaco, alone of our number, on board that ship. • ^ f . I, ; ; •, • i- ! i)«n! 43flf ..i>%;> I,-; " ' 'lt,11li*V»i « frit, .fCi ..viM* i - f*'!. io bfVt";!!?) '.-um'-iitbi CHAPTER XVIII. '»♦!> .«'j^ •«) Convnrsation of the ofBcera of the Cerbenm.— The prize affont at Tortola.— Hia unnecemary teve- riiy. — His power over Ihn Judge.— Confisca'.ioii of the vestel and cargo. — EmbArraasment of the prize agent. — His tempting proposxl.— Hope of ransom. — Proceed to St. Thomas. — Wreck of the vessel.— Characteristic lamentations of the own- ers. — Failure of negociation for ransom. — Return to Tortola. — Reflections on occurrences there. — Departure for New York. — Arrival there — Ac cumulated misfortunes.— •Total loss of fcirtnne.— GouflicUng feelings. — *■ Home, aweet home!" During the several days I passed on board the Cerberus, before arriving at Tortola, I was treated with much civility by the captain and officers of that ship. The ward-room officers were all young men of gentlemanly manners and deportment. The all-absorbing theme of con- versation, while I was with them, was their prizes ; what they had shared from one, what they expected to share bora another, not omit- ting an estimate of the pittance each might de- rive from my property. That the minds of pirates and thieves should be so exclusively engaged in the discussion of the amount and division of their booty, is easily comprehended; but, to perceive the same thing in men profess- ing to be gentlemen, possibly Christians, men wearing the livery of one of the most powerful monarchs of the earth, warriors by profession, was a circumstance equally incomprehensible and disgusting. The Cerberus and the Telemaco came to anchor at the same time in the harbour of Tor- tola, on the 22d of April, 1807. . The agent foi prizes, a- were del civilly ac procuriiij returned two hour niy surpr val, Don o])en my it all my ton outr might ha served t( conduct, to be a VI From I to be pre c.xaminin i. the judge confiscati mitted, i Iiegun at .^proceeds, :|toufficient Indication, 'board a consisted what plei question i , the more f^ say to dat if t lers si Jvise th ads f< ..influence ^j^them8clv( ^^obvious. There .counsel f( >tola but j^Jlirved on ;i?|»a8 enlis -i^Jerers. I ^ijnd enter esult, I jperty, emptin my d ^been appea . wait ffrco of t; <|lOlil^ :'te( Mil i'.e < . flinin ste A'^ die liaiu, inv ts iinpo Ived, in tiou thii ktinn of mind iugan, I AND COMMERCIAL ENTERPftlSES. 88 flfected a whether !(! might ccaneer- fanied ; ally feel nonnt of ,t he had plunder was but ely filled p having ing been (re came, deigning r ship to lucted to requisite »e Cerbe- iliip ; and including ie master on board fi i'Vl'll- Ji'ih{ .'^ inm.— The »ary wve- onfisca'.ion ent of the .— ^Hope of reck of the f the own- p.. — Return e« there. — here— Ac- forliiiie.— dome!" on board tola, I was Biptain and >m officers anners and me of con« was their one, what ■, not omit- i might de- I minds of exclusively mount and prehended; len profess- stians, men st powerful ' profession, iprehensible ;o came to (our of Tor- he agent fot prizes, a Mr. Dougan, came on hoard, and to him were delivered the ship's papers. He then very civilly accompanied me on shore, to aid me in l)rocuring lodgings. This being accomplished, I returned on board, at the expiration of about two hours, to take my baggage on shore ; and to my surprise found, that during that short inter- val, Dougan had been on board, had broken o])en my writing-desk, and had abstracted from it all my private letters and papers. This wan- ton outrage was entirely unnecessary, as he might have had the key by asking for it ; but it served to open my eyes to a character whose conduct, throughout the business, proved him to be a worthy coadjutor of the admiral. From a merchant of the place, who happened to be present when the judge and Dougan were examining the papers together, I learned that > the judge could not then perceive any cause for confiscating the property. The voyage, he ad- mitted, as appeared by the documents, was Iiegun at New York for American account. The -proceeds, at Rio Janeiro, of the investment, were ifsufficient to piirchase the property under adju- fdication. It was shipped at a neutral port, on , board a neutral ship, for neutral account, and consisted of no article contraband of war. On what plea, then, could it be condemned ? was a ' , question that required much ingenuity to solve ; ^£ the more especially as Dougan was then heard ^to say to the judge, on his expressing a doubt, at if this prize escaped condemnation, none ers should be sent to Tortola, but he would [vise their being sent into one of the other ds for trial. Whether this threat had any uence in the final decision is known only to i^hemsclves, but that it was so intended is .|obvious. ^I*, There was no choice of a person to act as {^counsel for the defendant, for there was at Tor- i^tola but one individual for that office, who t'jirved on all prize cases, and whose sympathy ?;^as enlisted entirely on the side of the plun- derers. Under such discouraging circumstances, fnd entertaining no doubt of what would be the suit, I should instantly have abandoned the perty, and wasted neither time nor money in mpting to defend a case already prejudged ; my duty to the underwriters, if the property been insured, and the propriety of securing appeal, forbade this course, and induced me wait the tardy process of the court. The f;?! t.o of trial was of becoming duration, and was |Oiii'v;'ted with the same forms and solemnity }• ii t'le objects had been to elicit truth and to .'Yhn'ui ster justice. i« the case of the Telemaco was perfectly u, involving no intricate point whatever, it impossible that the judge should have per- ved, in thirty days, any more cause of confis- iou than was discoverable on the first exanii- ition of the papers ; hence it is probable that mind was made up soon after the threat of ugan, and that the trial was neither more nor less than a shield to coyer an act of villaiiy. The ship and cargo were condemned, as good and lawful prize to the admiral, on two grounds, — the one being that of pursuing a voyage, in time of war, which is not permitted in time of peace ; the other, "the inadmissibility of a continuity of voyages." It is but doing justice to the honourable feelings of a young naval commander, who had recently arrived on this station, and who was yet uninitiated in the atrocious practices pecn- liar to it, to mention that, when informed by a friend of mine of the decision of the court, and the reasons for it, he indignantly, and perhaps imprudently, termed it no other than licensed piracy. Those of my fellow-citizens, of more recent times, who, by the ameliorating influence of their commercial relations with England have imbibed the most lofty, and, I doubt not, just ideas of the honour, good faith, and inte-> grity of British merchants, may find it difficult to credit the fact, that, only thirty years ago, the government of which they are subjects could sanetion such atrocities as those I have detailed ; or that a British admiral existed, who would condescend to use such base, cruel, and wicked means for the augmentation ai his pri- vate fortune. But the thousands of my fellow- citizens who were ruined at this perioa by being stripped of their property, on equally frivolocs pretexts, will corroborate the accuracy of trtjr*- statement. ^ The Telemaco and cargo being condemned, it was no easy matter for the prize agent to dis- pose of them, excepting at a very great sacrifice. The ship possessed an intrinsic value at Tortola',' which the cargo did not. To have unloaded,' with a view of transporting it in other vesseh to the Havana, where only a sale was to be found for it, would be incurring a great expense and labour of doubtful remuneration. Hence there was an evident necessity of selling the ship and cargo together, and it would be impossible' to eflfect this, with the fact before the eyes of the purchaser, that the property had just been con- fiscated for being bound to the only place where it could be disposed of. The prize agent WW extremely embarrassed with the peculiiirity of this case, aware that, without the intervention of a neutral, nothing could be made of it. In this extremity, he made a proposal to me td" take it at about half its original cost, and, as an inducement, would engage to provide protection against detention by British cruisers on its way to Havana. What effrontery ! What impu- dence ! What villany ! To rob me of my pro- perty on pretext of inadmissibility of voyage and then propose a passport for the more safo prosecution of the same voyage, for pursuing which the property was confiscated ! That the atrocity of this case may be viewed in all its bearings at once, I will make some re- petitions, even at the risk of being considered tedious. Of the perfect neutrality of tliis or* - IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 ^^ tii itt U2 g2.2 S lis 12.0 1.1 iiiiiyi Hi^ 1^ HiotDgrajiiic Sciences Corpoiation V^^^ ^ <^ ^^>^ ^^^\ 23 WIST MAIN STRUT WIRSTH.N.Y. USM (7l6)l7a-4903 '^% ^^^ ^ c 84 CLEVELANUS VOYAGES perty^theie mu not ■uggestod, nor did there exiit ia the mind of any one, a doubt. The cargo consisted of no article contraband of war, and was not destined to a blockaded poA. We had been subjected to a rigid scrutiny by three dif- ferent British sliips of war, and neither of them saw any reason for detaining us. Without the formality of looking at our papers, or even pt seeing an Individual belon^ng to the ship, the admiral ordered her to be taken possession of, aud to be conducted to Tortola fpr ac^udication. At Tortola, the shq> and cargo were condemned as good andlawfol prize. The cargo being of a description that embarrassed the prize agent to know what to do with it, he propoi^d, as an in- ducement for me to buy it in, to provide a pass- port, which should secure it against British cap- ture on the way to its originnl destination. Had this event, and >then resemblinji it, with which the times wore fertUe, occurred m the dark ages, wh«n might and right were synonymous, they would have been in keeinng with the state of the human mind at that time ; but, in the nine- teenth century, the aga of eidightened benevo- lence and hich moral sense, tiiat any pressure of war should be suftcient to induce a Christian govommenft to e«oourage or sanction such rob- beries, will be maUer (rf amazement and regret to those who have aince come upon the active stage of life, and who learn from the reminis- oenees o# their seniors, that such were the actual fbda. AHJMWigh the proposal before mentioned came tnm so oenapicuous a course, and might be de- signed to phiage me into deeper ruin, yet it was so temt^iing, holding out tiie prospect, even with the cnrtaiboent of one half the caintal, of retrieving my lottiiMB, that, howew much the chance was against my being able to raise the requisite sum, I dktofmined to q^are no efforts for the attain- BBMtt of so desirable an object. To have made the attempt at Tortola would nave been useless. The merchants of that place had beeome so much inured to scenes of ruin and miasry, as to view the victims of theii free- booters vrith feelings of contempt, rather than sympattiy. My only hope, therefore, was to go to .St. Thomas, and tiiiere endeavour, by hypotlM- ealing the vessel and cargo, by bills on the United States* or by dividing the adventure into shares, to ndsc the requisite sum to r&nspm the property. Accordingly, a droger being then aliottt to sail for that plac«, I took passage in kei^ and left Tortola late in the afternoon. The breoe during the night was very mode- rals^ and the vessel wu making such slow pro- gress, that the master calculated on arriving off the pisrt not before daylight. There^ust, how- ever, have been great ignorance of the dianger, or very eareleu steering, or perhaps both { as, between one and tw« o'dook in the morning, we had run on to a ledge of rocks. Being waked by the hard striking of the vessel, my first im- pMMiM wai, that wt were alongside some ship in the harbour ; but a second and third concni. sion, and a great bustle on deck, satisfied me that we were in danger. I then immediately jumped out of my berth, and founrl > he watei above my ancles, on the cabin floor. Taking my clothes in my hand, I ran on deck, and hastily put them on. By this time the vessel bad so settled and heeled over, as to bring the water nearly to the coamings of the hatches, on the lee side of the deck ; and it was very evident, that both vessel and cargo would be a total loss. Tlie vessel was about twenty tons burden, and was laden with coffee in bulk. As tmy little trunk floated towards the companion-way, it was seized by one of the men, and put into the boat. Not more than half an hour had elapsed from the time the vessel struck, before she had filled. The crew, consisting of four persons and myself, embarked in the bMt, and left the wreck, from which nothing could be saved, driving at the landing just as the day began to break, I Was obliged to wsit the moving of the people, b)efore I could find any one to conduct me to the inn. In the meantime, the owners at the vessel and cargo had heard a rumour of their loss, and had come to the landing to ascertidn the parti- culars. These were nven by the master and men then present ; and, having heard the dismal recital, which closed by the infbrmation, that the loss was total, they broke out tai exclama- tions, showing the depth of their distress. The vessel was owned by a Dane ; the cargo by a Frenchman. It was to each his all, and the fruit of many years' hard toil ; and it was unin. sured. The expression of the effects of the dis- aster, on each, was truly characteristic. The Dane evidently felt his loss deeply. He was sad, melancholy, silent, excepting now and then an exclamation of "My God! what a misfor- fortune ! what a pity !" The Frenchman, feel- ing f.U the horrors of being reduced to b^;gary i from comparative independence, gave "ullveiit | to those feelings, in a most undignified manner. He cried, groaned, wrung his hands, threw his hat on the ground, and stamped upon it, ex- claiming, every instant, " O mon IMeu ! mou Dieu 1 quel malheur !" and acting fike a perfect maniac. The sympathy of tb6 good people, who had collected in considerable numbers, wu evinced in their attempts to soothe him; but any consolation, offered at this moment, was un- heeded and useless. Being incapable of assniging the grief, or M rendering any service to these muortunate people. I left them as soon as I could procure a negro to Ule my trunk, and show me the way to the inn. When there, my first object vras to pro- cure dry clothes. Mine were all wet, those in i mv trunk aa. well as those I had on t and no | other resQurce was prf«ented me!, Uten that of wrurping myself in a borre«> clous and cruel a manner, and mysdf and findly thereby reduced, in a moment, firom ailhienGe to poverty, must be admitted to be a calamity of no ordinaiT magnitude. It required, indeed, the exercise of great fortitude and patience, and na- turally led to the perception of the acknow- ledged truth, that mankind experience a greater amount of misery from the evil passions and wickedness of their fellow-men, than flrom all theciTectsof hurricanes, lightning, earthquakes, and the warring of the elements combined. '>^ Fortunately, I possessed an elasticity of mind which adapted itself to circumstances. I was accustomed to contend vrith difP.cnltief, and disdpUned by a loag course of losses and disap> pointments; and when suffering under them, I* habitually looked round for the means to re^ medy them. I was soon enabled, tberefore, to throw off much of the weight of this misfortune. Some mitigation of its e^Rect was produced, by cherishing the hope, that insurance on the pro>> perty mi^t have been effected, and that the Ai^ ' - pasia might have accomplished her voyage %w^<^t cessfully. Although no more could be expeeteA from the appeal, than the sum tar which Ite' ' property Ym been sacrificed; and this sum would, necessarily, be much reduced by lawyen^*- fees anu merchants' commissions, before rnehi*' ing my hands ; yet even this served to buoy apr i' my spirits, undtr their excessive pressure. " Arriving again at St. Thomas, I found' ^ ship destined for New York neariy ready for sea. Although a stranger in the place, there were none of the nsual attractions for beguittnf -" the tedious hours of one in my unfortunate eiiu<*u cumstances ; and the necessity for an addition^ ^ day's delay increased mv impatience. )> At length, on the 8th of June, we took nW'' departure from St. Thomas, and, on the 90th » the same month, arrived at New York, after »' passage as pleasant as there was reason to tiK^ « pcct at this season of the year. We had seveni t*^ invalids on board, which oblind us to pass fear i days in quarantine at Staten Island. This, mn* '• der different auspices, would have be«n a pleak sure ; and even as it was, the arrivd from sei, the enchanting picture firom tho terraee «f the > Quarantine-house, the supply of ttie Vaffaus re^ > freshments of the season, the dally papers >fMeh came regularlv to us, and, more than all^ letten from my familv announcing that all ware well, combined to lessen the tedium of my det«n4 tion. On being relieved from .({uaramiiie, on 4\f 4th of July, the master of tkit Tel«nae» aad w l'hfcVM,AMH> VMtAtlPH lilt^ rtt^ HHt1« Mti! Mil ttlr< MoUf ll»(>1 ItltKttK t^r ln(> ieiv'l»M|Mrtrt ^)t lH>» MHtl>^««l h^Mi't'. At thU mn- M'^wi ^Sw^wmf miMtl ^no pH^\f P»H«i«d Hi Utr (U^i^ntHl irt (m^ thnt ^At- wail tite titevlthbltt citn- to hf «>ftvilrt *rttrtnt«tr»1 ^Mth iH«rt»»ptn pvi'h ■t»T*tr» {hAW I ^A«1 l«rtllt««Ml t)M tUCftiMI \\\\\\, \ \mvp\\ti\ A «h(^ih*w frt^t rtWr «httt t^cnt'VolpMt wwtVM^ttPr, ^\\\\'\\ tw»i h»thprtrt*1«iijiib«n»mfil N^-ttt* «W\lr«| Unrt JrtV ^t^p\l I^PfttMii SM ftrtfl- KU >fitmi tiW\MYi\\\(sm wrrr nhrtut Wirtfj ct»UllHttnif. il'p t\\W «»», \\\tiU \^ rrtA^f^wttw rtf thp \S)r«- th«» Wmt wv Wttfit nnHvt>\» i<«»MHttg |^\T| ftttMWft nrt i«- «Wftttn» 1\fl«\ t>rrn oiftitc oti «Ue<«>>\«VtV, A^dtU«» »»y<« aW \ ^r SMI* nft\nM to $«-» tl^ivt i1^«» »% tUNiin«l> «n«1 «rtM th*' oft»Tn> «' ftrt«^e« ilol- ^Mn V**- n«»in««^ M\d. \xitli t\u' p(\)«Te(W, AhxwW t^irtv tWt«MA iiurw. brtottd to N«»>\ \ oA { I^mA \n^\p« ort" C»f«s mttoinn, • p>\t \\-«* rnn>utttoivri, Irt wA^irh uttp N-^ntjl N\M t^^iMwn rtrt \\<^t ow^« t*ttv iV tt)iWitt-i-. Ri^^Ww*. hftA Wrn ««T5^>t »\Miy *«<» kit, «n<\ iihf fnnUy »v<»rho.^ No\fi^m MXtHi \VM l\tO<> more \\\m miWvtortl to jm ^f M\j»ff<*!> oV <1m» oion. 1^^ n"«Wtt t^f \shoW. tfo l»gwt M Ne>\ Vofk *>•<< wot 1V<-^\ ittt\>rt\\r.t oi <)»« ^ipmint. icuA cowsom\cnt\y wo w misfiMi «««»», Wnww \mA ntii\af^ wfOM «t rinV ; >>?t \ fw^wrtNiM t^fct i^et'^ %M DOMf^f^ to W yo« y»nfi>W^V tNN tt>»» Avct^'li^ing ^*i1 Nvw to bf tAAA ftV>ot\\«»v Hem, wiK^ >»kY>e^A t\\ my oitf» ^ o\^^vsiv\jt, —tW ^ilnix; M k ftvnA UnA \vlMtO*> OW W>W»W jHyn 1 'Mit iin «iWp«", ahA \\nh 1>WWW« tt*- Mp6wibl« f» i>»« mw o« fciv \WM»yii^ ^AU^tt. ^ MKr«|(«tv oi iWit^ )t>ttsH», ^fitfwAtiv^ 1^» ^»1«« df tW tci^mnooV t^iiifA M tW «IW* VAtt "MW p«M Mr li«r» *nA in*tfK^A»'w< ^ »0 twwtW tM •« inN'WtiWMit ♦if til* fft*^ rt Wn^iwi* t^w ^% VAiini.. tMjr fttHttMn »i»r»« H«w Ml»#ilt ttll l««i»f of Miifi. •(Hi»R n>m^ h'»ttn«M» li-Httif wnitunilhllHtftl, mil th*- «ofl«i WW tn l»r lipntiti mtf w, Minlut till! pun «Hi-» (»r hti^ttrtucrf t-rii|ttiitiilhflMI(>M. Uui tlit< n rtPcH»tM, tliitt Mb itni-l; t»f iHlii |»tn|»<»Hy wm ..„ ^m\\\ thrtt I Imd t»«H iMtoltM otliKt-K Hi im )t)MN, Hits i ttlin. 'iU t«h)H« ttttVttttt pxjtci-lcltcM ftHjr illiUto of UtI) llli'oit vnhli>HrMMttrtVoU))tt-t1l«tm«HU HMtUnhgfl^ottl mn l, lUlnOiHtittf, bomhittMi to nIttMft iiltiit' tlHtntntl? itept-Hldtht (ittVi't^ HO tot i|(lri^ i tht* HHttht or otif ttiuroHtUill note not w»\ \m\\\\ 00 m VoHokilNt! )«ittttM[ thKn oh hit m, itHloOigh tilA nfit otttf tni»MMoflHu«i Wl (tin roor«p lo m \\tn\ \\\\\mM ma tth« w IihI lotrh-ii)tt«(l nmootHtteii. 1'hU luM )Na# «pHoos MtUI\tHuiio He unit ett«litletibei{, lAlr It ! m HfHlrtptl luio, timt rooUllttwi eitj^il-iifr meot WAS fcqolt-rd to v.\m\t liiio to MPbqit it wrlth l>«t«oot(o|t onmtlnt)'. ^tiouittfely Rlt iiiiti, \\* \\M OOt OfStlOcil to HitU IOti| M H |tll|l!n(tr !of l.ldhoo. Ao ottoortimit) (ORiPtttjetl iinnU im torillAteh, hv Nvltlcii t ttt-oo«u-cil itUtt « Uitil>n|tr, (lefh^ IKp cxopoie of \i, Mtiit Ititite ttlih Hiiliu, otMi M«l)ty m f vph j AAihetn Hanto ntt-Utei- nrttine fot^ iiii<(ittitlnji| me tit Nctv Yot-kt i itehi ttttr ootiMi: hottta^ttoLl mill Aitiveit tltetn 00 the m of July, mi, «l (terioiittiM will ttevet he oblitanl^tl mttti im! lormorv, - HltPti thejoy of ett\bVi»liU| \M k\\\\\\ ottw otore lit Itpnltlt wiw (0 ImtW tiBlvHu'l \i(\iUlte (ttf t^W Ittnlii t Ml ;!*(•(• . ^ ^ ', . 1ho!»e who hitve IVmooI itiltteleol hit^Ho 114 |trew«hon \>*>p't. to he Ittiliietsit to l^»lli\W tO('i»| toy ioihRi>i)OPOt ei\tct-tvtUe«, Will fhtil Khtiinlnttl r\-iilettee. ilii\ti«y l\tiroo«llog» HeH»f\illy \ta\\w\ to th« (viteAteit^ loog, noil )tAlitf\tl ke|iAi-tttliin[ ^m those whoot tt wns oit lew toy ■\itv titioiiij WT>oh\ he\K> heei\ toy hit|totoeM tii wileh oirl n\\\\ [wy^v^i. tM^AiOelleit to Mitvtg«»t» m >H| got^l^ort of o\y iiitotliy, *0(t ih»|oiveil m foiwj nnvow of fcin^vritttewihog the eiliienitytt of w' rt\th\r<»t^- Nvott\ with, noMety, iittil gtek Mt \\m \\\ ho|>e »^>tVm»it -It K^\\\ he seett^ thtii I mi Rir to\Aivv y-vArt Ao ex<*e (tvio aU thlt )iiiW\\M \ih iWaV Atttl lto*tWthW,- Atol this A« A ItXi* ^tteov-e, of the t>)hWfy of o\y hAtil-eAt-'-ietl IVoniw I the ei\joyVttettt t>f *htn ttv>n^et^y, lo wleVi^fl' ohtASwett, IveAii Attjr |m^i>«Wtto« ttt ttie y^>«ii> < Miffc>tt tttitwA *Wh i\i\«t wwi iti e»tiw tt»>w htrt-eAWf*-. AMD CO!ttMKRrr/lf< MMtftftfRrflKfl. n? CflAI'tBIt XII. AkiiMmUiM* (if tlHtMi mtU^H—hniMp^M mt. — l*rnpiiMiJ ft*j»fft ♦» Afflnn,— lllijwt ftf »h«< ■— Vnltiilht* dir§(» — tmdn of IJ«fM.— Afflemi IVhttM.— 'h»n niitiA UKtln. — hM^tnt fiiturn — VntiiK««lMtltt« — hwrtrofy rtf (•♦tt|mf«».— Pf»ij#Mwf ♦«♦- ttMlo »h(» !•!« «f f^nH***).— H» ftlll»(l wUli de*- • ttrltUh fHga'A—Arrlirti .ii ti«Mimcir«.~l',i]- l^blfldaiita of (iniittli. tin* l«t«»-«?oiitlM«f««l wtif Jrt »>f ipfiHdtlmi f»r |Htl«l» prtihcM, on th« •)• ""Ofttlps^eomrtifefpftof |« Uhlteil StMtMi had, •>. Ipttgth, t-otiM^d thn ittiftttRtioii of titt! p^npKi to «Urft M (lttvt!«( wiir M « m% isfW th«n lt« longer ftiNiice ( when the limtiH to th<« nationNi flag, the attauk on the tVigate C'heaaiieake^ aeemiid l-endcf «ut*h an ei(tM Inevltahte. 't1t« m- It-go, whleh wai the hnmediite eoiist'onenee. I vlewedjM a measttre of pfuttdflce and Aonnd ||l(i)r. ilioie of out tnert^httttfi who «»ere Itit fiugaging in fbreltn totageii, ahandotied Kit- plani \ those wtio lind nuutitic s of fbfeign iHihattdiifl in itore, were making ealctdationa ^ an advanced price i add tliote wiio had prO' ' if ahroad wet-e niing tlieir utmost exertions pet it home, to aid in the promoting the i^a of tile latter ctais, ipeciil permissions I granted hy nor govetttment, Air vessels to [tceed ill hallastf in various directions. The euliai' stAte of th« times having prevented nijr Mging In anx entertirise on my own account, fccepted the pt-oposal of some ffl«rtthants of jeni, to to in pursuit ofg^vesiet of fli^ra to coaat of AMoa. the Hlest accoonti tHim Is vffiset were, thai after having succeeded lit llecting a rlcli MtfgOi the captain had died, ft ttiat the mat« eoitlthUed on the 6M«t, to 3te of some poflton of (ho (lutwai^ «argo, i^h y«k remahied uttsotd. Lcciirdlngly, tha hrig Star heing p*-t*parfid for jUurtMMi, and pravided with t'lt requisite JMisslon Arow government, t sailAiifhim tioston Mhe coast of AiVIca, In tha month of Apfii. m. Our aoGommodattons being spacious and |r, and the voyago to he perrormed In the imer months^ t waa Inducwl. no less for |r mutual graitfleallon than for the promotion Jils hoaltu, to Invite my father .ln hi, had not sulK.iiied when off the ttivvn \ and surf heat so heavily on the heaoh as to pre* vent any cwmmunlwiUmi. Wff stood o/f and m all day, as near (hft flhnr«> as Was pra4nnL tn tite hopo (hnt some canmfit they maile, and wa saw them make nctftni, their canoes were op- s«t. At tencth, we perci>ived them to he Imv- ing the heaeh, apparently ahanfloning the desim. As I had no expectation of flnding th« veaselat this place, and hoped only to ohtain irrformaiion of her, I did not consider this ohject soffldant to justify tlie loss of anothirr day, and conao- ((iiently, at dark, iiore away to the iwmthwafd. Arriving at the Inland of Ooree the following day, we them anf^rtained thst the vessel of which we were in piirmiit waa to the leinvard, most proYiahly at the Isles de fios. Having re* mained twenty-four hoors at Ooree, and oht«inerlg.or-wrar arrived i fbo captila ot which, on ascertaining the *A4«H of toy voyage, and probably inspecting that f pos- ieiaad Information relative to the critieil state of affkira between England and ^e IfflKed States of which he was ignorant, eoa«lAd€d to take charge of my vessel, in the IfOll-^thit Moh information might soon arrive aa w.yald make her a lawful prlee. With this vhiw, hit Ml a midshipman o^^ lioard, with directioiit not topnt any obstacle In ihe way of oar ihlfthi| th« car- go from one vessel to the other, or tiikhtg on hiiard that porUon of the eargo, yat on inore, which had been prepared against the return of the vessel. Wlien tliese lalKrars were aco^- pllshed, our water-oasks tilled, and every tfdng BOAde ready for sea, there had lieen no anfMI i consequently, no information by wtileli the eap- MM MtVIHAItMS VOVAtIMN mjrtlMH fM »tt4H«l««t« thf (tii||ti«(>y. Mml InVi< t«Mii' mJi^ th m ypi«H tUt»n Nhunt MtUtitf Air Kh^lMiMt. hs «l»»»tH wlHi^*. A ftMv \\mH *mf Hif h'i»»»<||ii iif my liiMdtr, \%t «••»( (hi> n Vvt hnt mNiMNtt MinI t m\^\\^ \mwl^p^\^ imil m( (Itt* UNiiti* Mit«(* timK «W«¥ (Ul* HlMM«(|«mMH, Nit Itlhfl' llt)lliAl4|t> IN*. t^tifftHtt M |ir»«¥PM» imr i1t«|»i»Hmi«i ^<» i»i»lli«il mt iittf tVHMit I m\t fKH\>**\n\* tt«fl ill \\w MHmn Mtiii' llf\r lh«> H\-rv UAmhlNi ti»l«ili» wHh mU Air htimii. ftittw in Nil tMimil iii^ vi't y mimU t>^(i«iif, Mtiil lt« IN«>)ri««t#MI(llH* lir nil «1«illlllli>i«il) M m Alt' mnMttM m«lk«>ii H mhIIv iti^lVtuUilii ii||Mlnftl miy KtM««> w'Wh (Iti* nH|t)tlmMidig iitiMiMin An> i«n|mIiI(| nritHM|k ««iH)MH«tH( t¥mtiif« (I % riiviiDiiihli* jilHi'i* All* Ww Hl«Mt«Hm iHiiUliiitiil Nil* (i« (hi> ItMliU iif HtMtt^Hi of lhi« iMiimiry, («iiiinIii(Imk wf frti»»1w»y» pM ilw»». Willed, Ah Uii'.v ImHtN* Atr llmt«|HHtn mAuiifhfimmi mtit (liiiKHi. NVhOil lh(^ M\n.M w«ii tn iMMDMidm of th« I'mtoh. A^m wHitm (t Iml )i«t*m (iiKi«iu mil mimjr y«(ir« iliit^Vk lh# (initio (i« MUvm ^M iiiiiiim'il III * fTMII *\H^i. Thi* NunlHilMllim iif Oilii linAli*, (M VIm KMiiilh lMN<«imlii|t titMlcin «if (Ito WUml, HMMwl tfllt ilU(^mli«M( Hmonit ilti« n(>i|ithlHmi'> IM fHwn^ l^^it >fr«r« Ihf'ivhir iMil (iir Aimt (U«* |vrfMl|«l\ iKMii^ nf iMt- ii>in>«m9i uml U«tm*i> «»«t* |TV«l\;r itl«MllK(l«Hl >vl h lh«^ iMiimiti*. t iMki) M «iHi«^Htmlt)r of iHM>littr« «i « mi^N (pIviwI^ lM>m(K»» (liit>i« i>( lltOR« |irh(rt>ii. who hm) tHVM* l\t l^« UlMml (h Mt« lti>)i«, imh^r l\v m'r> iiwmV>w imt (hwAlHy ht «i«i iWKy ih« (intliiuillnn, «Mr h> lmlm'« » ii^^«m(vimo« il ll t «r In «l(ii)MtM» iif •kwN (\> \» wii i^Hn. tlM!» Mimtv %\\ (llnc<'U>i>klH| m(»ii« iml \f*% Omn •1% n«l h^(H« AM wvU |M>«|mHtitn««l. IVIr t<«itew« xMii« Ih UilMiHtt KiVltA, (twilrjr Ami •h«Miry( ittil Ui«y vit^ ll nHMil«JL«i«\l trwv^uritUhl^v >rtHry «* MW!^ Iti WH ilo A lh«>m, twl wHh wtetim, In ^QMAM ^ftMr*« (K»y UmI lioii fNl, «n IIm •r«>« «f kMiMMt^v »h«iiM Iw iloM" Awty «tth« •»« «Wh«mW«» (Wnhr tmtjr Moile of )H«r««dlii|t wHk iirtxi wr* «l III* li«»tN»t llmf Mitiit* ii'iirpi«i«Ht«iiim mlttlil tit« tiimlM III llin miiHirltir ptrpriuun,^ WllMt Hiiillil lilititi'i* II In fri^Un llii< iil>irf4rttt mJ lti<« tiiw ii|ImIii*I IIi«« Itnnti* In iiltiyt>ii. Tim (Imni ofitiHilhiylMii Itii* iicUuiii'm Idkitii III itii*, iimIk, (tmy (Miiilit iin wMt( n^ hInvhii, Ii itii MrKUMiiMi wlili'li liN* lipi«ii iiinI tiy llii> NilviHtnlvii of iIik | niiivi* timli*, IhiIIi wtilli* nidI lila«li« lliroiiglifiMi Mil* wtiiiln i*«liiiit(«rii< t Mil)! itinl mlimi ilii'nd me |iri vi«iili>it iiiiiit«lti|[ ilioh Imilli't llii* iMliiitlpnhmii^*! iif ltMM« WMMi Wliliili liMvo livftN |ir(i(tuviliri> of •0 $}mi mi mitiiiiiil nf mlMiryi miil wlilrlil Imifii d«>|MttiitiNl«it vmil rugliiin w iMjuiilryi wii ttuvtnit ■ntlml (Vmti Clmw ImniMliif'Aly »n \mU\\K n«li«iim*Mhi*r flif (li« OhIM I»,< Till* iwiiMiitti iH'ovpit iimomiimtily ttlMmmil an^j rtijiM, Mml itiir tnvnilil, tin Inimiir ■ii«l*i hid il«> itvml nil Urn iNitipAt turn lli« viiytg* whitih limi liMii miUHt«NliNt. niirliiji llifl ya ni gi Ihi wlmli I wmi) Kn Dlnmly m to iiitMirAiNki Ih* m ^ mrt tiV nfl I'ri'ltiil N (it|iMll| ofBlrmi tnliliiK in « MMl^Rwitint Hiili I mill wr HrnVM II RmIhii on (H« fltl i^\t, IHIIII, liNVliiK lionit nIimiiiI niily iiliii«(iy«i#i'Aiyi, mill li««lii|t m)«Him|iUiilii>4 lliit nltj««l of (Im v«|r ngii In Urn •ii(lr« MltaAitililoit of Mil IiiIi*ii>*IihI iii< t liml li«>(«ii lliilliirinc mymlf, llmt tiy thnnnii*! t kIiuiiIiI return (Wiin Afri(*ii, «fiiiio(liliiK of n ili' rlnlvn vlmrAi^trr wtinlil liiiv« lMk«>n |>tiieii lit rrln (Inn III uiiv nlViitrti j|||lti nii^nl OrltMJIi t (•lOii'i m omiMllmi i>r (lit* vlrMlon lif lhi» rltftltn of nm Irntd, mill till* tHitiaeoiiQiil rdUbiK lite i^ntltnrgti, nr (li(i ituly hmmttllifil« all««riiiillv(«, WNr. I |Nf (ItPiK* rvniidi halt nn^iirrt'it. Tlif loUt mia|iiiiii of Kit Imiliira* a( llio wlimvtia, anrt ttl^ gtnuim i^tmilnnMiuH** of llioM \i'iio \v«|'^ nnncmiiitoiii'' lint loo lti|i(, IliHt llt^iln tiail iiol t«li«tt|«Hl fur t)i*i tiolirr (\\\t\\\i my mI> aiiii(H». Ttic onlliiiry Imiilln of liuMiiOaA, iliit li« otK^rflUiiMM, hail itlvoii utm*<« li^ n KiNrA\ynlli||[ Im- ai>itvl(y, mid a aonihrt RinMHXttiig. that a into- iiiUv, uprhaiw grtiater ihaii t)ia( InteiuM (i»r(rit, itilvht rvKiiU (hnii |i«hUI1lijr In \m- aiir(«« whlHi w«r« pniiUtoIng Itu^ti (int|N>)is «ii'l dUaatlaftwUiMi ill (he niarUiiuo Jfkti of vhu m\\- iiuinlly. SMiaAoa Mial mtUku of Ui« JtHaniaAivoi, «m or a «t»aakiiii» of Um qiiiIniiiui .waa Ukob *««* to «0('ur. ami |MMM«aiiing iioiUiornMiaiM iojustify: nor UiaiHUHkiii la auUiiiU io iuafiliviU. I ilui liugland \ vmi, wUWut u; I d«Ani(t ol\}oct, to plum iiij-aelf iit tha ourrani oi ANM roMMKfirur. t.nti'HPtunfn. DO |trl«*fi(l wiUt N (•rcdii on t^mihm, niul hcchmi- ||Mitiii«l hf twir (Miiit|ianU(M«i« tvliotin olije ]1»ln(l«t (rtir pMdNKii mtut imtUrwn ami wn fii>i fur tliA yiilnHMilfi (moIiiH. [Ifiir* lliNii « fi*r(nlKlit «>liitwM( tMfwn tlittri* wm ftl* |ikH«h), w(( hiwl iifiurMlint l<(iKiir« tttt \tminn- in iif«i|ii«lntf(t wHti tliii loonlttlm (tf th« pUi'n 1(1 lit ItihnhUrititi. Any «t«tiM!rlptioN t^ (h«i rinKf wttiilit ti« MfmrOwntn \ ■ntl f will m\j liitnrk (if MiM lNll«r. mt^fmMft (hm ««i«rf n|i- Minity wlil(

  • r«t>n| MMtiM nf iHimninrflliii IntdriHinrMi. TIm Mo«mpint to abew alrmten the honae in which Mir haae Newton waa hnm. Of Mm larfrff low^ In onr ronte ware IfemfrhKi, Vst- lialff, iVnt Nfiwark, A^ fh« latuv«Mniioln« n nn* Oolhk heilral, a door rif whi«h balHg open, W« pinered, for a few mlnntea, wMIe our liorMMi w«ra changing, and h^ard a beautiful (•haiii hy MomM young perfarniera, a«ieom|NMiail hy a Rna organ. Arriving at f^oniton, my (Iral «tf^t waa U* atifmfaln iha rifMiit of tho avpeat in >he rntt #if thi^ I'l-I^miiffi. It MpiMNvad that the agent of the (fomiba, et twelve thmmand dollart, therefore, of my pro* perty, dividifd among the Meet, wimid give to the admiral a aiim nn nn anudl, a* wooM luirdty indiiee liim, imn would think, to yiohite the eighth r^mimandment. The abimdanee irf freneh winee, trtileh ha4 lieen brougftt, In ptk»int Into Mymooth, aod their nomwiiuent dfidttfriieaa, eotvhieed me of the advantage wtdch wotM reaull fhrm a oaryo ti tiieifi tahi>n to the f ale of I'ranee. While in (limbl how I fjoiild a^iooriipliah tbia ofi^feM, f aerident- ally met a friend, who ba^l )a*t arrived in a Una kIiIii, for whieh he had no ft»ed denttnation. ThU waa very hprnjm. On making known to liim my viewn, and ofTering to take, irt% tnf ««■ cmint, one third of the aitventnre, with the charge of the enterprke, he readily agreed lo H, provkfed that a dearanoe tot than deatbrniiofc oonid he obtained from the ei«alom diately porehaeed. Whek the iMp waa naw^ ready to prooeod to Ptymoolh, to take il on board, aome new eaehai ragulathm waa eato- bUahed, whleh woahl piwvant oar otMhiing iho ratpiliita clearanoa i and aa imwrmoa oaold nol be efflMtM without tMa doeument, we wort eompelled,tery reloetantly, to (rfye np the pton. Tbia diaappobitmeot waa nrneh mitkated Inr •ueh an advanee in the vatna of the wma, thtiy an a reaah), the prtiAt on my third pert laag mem than euffleient to defriy all itif oxpewat in oulwpe, ineindhtg npwavdi of one hoMliM ponnda ateyling for board, diedioal MtoiiiUnea, ice., in a plewlajr, with whiah I waa aalaad al Baeter, when on my wajr to Phmonth. TMa waa the tint tlolent iOnaaa I iwd ever eapo* rienoed ; and for aeveral days the whyiich M i bad •ueh doabta of my reeovery, that he coMMered it neoaaaary to appriao aqr Menda In IxMMlon of my dangerona alloalion. To thetar Undneaa« hi ■ending a ihllAil and OiManl peiaon to taho eareof BN^ 1 eonrider m yaaM indahlad fcr»/ leoovary* ANM noMMKiuur. pntpupntnvn. Wi )t)i*lni<)i«, nnil t«li« ntf rliiintf frtt n fnvmtrilili* tMltlf. [frtPiMl wlitt N (•r(>«lli on IiOimIom, iiriil ncfom- iMiiiMt hf (wo (•tititfiMnloMii* whoKK oltjeiit wm |ftiiiill«r to titliii*, I (mih hMmmM ttHml llm mUldh |«r h»nmi, IMON, r«ir llNlifiii. (Minf Ut mU* fur ttiA I'lilnHMitli iraolifft. t(ir« ItiNN N fin'tnlKitt iiUpiiMl iMifmrit ttiMn wm t«iih#r (t|i|H(rttinUy Air KMrnntii «n(f, 'lurinn ^lU |i(tH«Ml, wit hwl nhtinilint l«iliiMr« bit \tt^fuu ii(*i|«iiilntfil Willi ttt« Inffullilm (if lh« ulncn Hi iiiliiiMditili. Any d«HM IpiI in Uifl (londliMlnn, tlrni thn i«<(tf(i«ii fmlrfld nf lhi« iMrtUiin InynllnU ii«lii(f<«l, itl vipcinr, In tYi«ir ildnrMidiinlii, iinillnilniali«Hl llm lii|M«« (if ttmii* (If IHfliiinAlly umiitWiriillni iin(*« of (•nmniffrnliil InldriMinrMi. Tlni ntlirt' iilAfii (tf thfi pnlltlffitl r(ilfltl(Nii (if tliff twit ilrtd* may hata (t|i«rat«i(l tn iiriiiluflff a Ifdalallnii (if liiMtlta faallnt* wtinh winiM b|y hatt Innim iiipprnMNid Tn imn (HKiHlng I liMt tl WM H(i plana fitf a oIliKdn af tha a4 llataa to |nmm lit* tlma tn agriwalil)'. (•litNirtnnttx iirfMinllnK Itiidlf tiy a htit for iodtland, wa lafl Mallfaa tm tlia lOtli iptantlmr, atttl arrWad tn ttia (;lxdft nn ttia tof Ootntiar, havlni mada our na*Mn In f, althnBKli tka liaily Infllirtation m ttia In and tnata nauaad ua to faar a diffarant lnd(iad| wa had atiandanl raamn tn I In Q«r pHtd fnrlnna In mtIvImk at ilia tinin [414 1 a», (inlv a faw dava aftarwanU, iNiciirrnd ai|uln(iotiai fala, whicli waa iinoiminKinlx Jra, cauiing aucti a nurolier nf ahipwracka, rfucli lou of llvaii, nn tha aoaatt of HngUuta yrnncff, aa had not ocwurrad In anjr gala for |iari(id. We took tha oaay and Inda* int cotivoyanca of a pohl olialaa for London, iw» of aliuiit four liundrad mllaai and, Ag the lirlg on tha daj of our arrival, war* »yod to our dintlnatlon In fonr dnjra, witii a of oomftrt and «al«rlty auoh •■ prolmbly 1m exparlanead at tha tima In any luntry In tha world jhtnit iha whola distanea, our way lay rliAi tracta of hij|hly-«ulUiratad landa, ipted, at tntervali, by naat vHlagea, and • of venorablo aa|iect. Ooeaaionally, aa a bird'i<«yn view from aoma hill, tha una fomiad by tha naatly«trimmad hedgaa, ixurtaat fartiliiy of tha enobaure, an oo lial dump of Iran, and tha rioh verdnre, aa thaeya aould raaiih, gave to the whole ^Appaaranoe of an linmanM and beautiful There waa nothing remarkable In the thfvttgh whieh we paaaed, eioeptlng In •re I tioMeed n advertiaement over the ^ft houae, elating, thnlH wu the boaineea ■t lo abow atrmften the honae la whtrh Ntr him Nawtim waa timrn, Of Oia larftn I'lW^ In (iiir rfmta ware fftnnfrWw, i'm- tl«l««, f'cnt N«wark, A(^. Tha latwc r«Nlain<( n nn* Oiiiti^ tiadral, a diNnr of wtil«h batng open, w« cinariMl, Un a few niinntaa, wMla our Ikicmi* w«r« nhanfiing, and heard a baaiitlfnl ctiaiit I7 nomn yimag p*tknm«r», aiMnmipMlad tiy a fl na organ. Arriving at l^ondon, my Aral i$h^i waa Ut ani-KTialn the ritixilt of thn avpaat in ,lha r aa« of th(4 'Mitmnms It appeared that tha agent of tha Mtfimn liad propoaed to rompromiaf , by rat«r«» Ing one fourth ttie amount of tho proeaMlf^ on «*oiii!i(ion (if rallii(|nlahing tlia proMentifm a»l4a Np|»aal. Thia pr(ipoiiiti(m. aflar a eonaiiMtion with that eminent inrlst, Vr. Lawrenre, waa ae« M^M to, tiy tii< advice > and f aeoordinnlv n» I'clvml iNitwcon tlirce and four thonaand (hJlara. for a nropertv which oott firrty«a«vefi tbouaano Nva hiindiVMl doltara. Tha threa-fnurtba, at twelve thmmand doiiara, tiierafora, of mv pro- perty, dividitd among the fleet, would give to the admiral a aum ao vcrf emtdl, aa would tuirdiv inihifre liim, (ma would think, to vlohrto tha elghtti Hmimandment. The atiiindanee of Freneh wioM, ulileh 1m4 iHMni lirottglit. In prkum, Into f^ymouth, aad thdir ronacfiuent «)ht<>ifrui>aa, ce olne ed me of Mb* advantagn wMch wMid reaUlt ft-om a oarao td » tiintn taki^n 10 the lale of Vranee. While in (bmM iiow I r!oiii(l acoontptlah tirif of^eet, I aecidant- alltr met a friend, who had Jait arrived in a Km Riilw; f(A' whieh he had no flxed deatlaolioik Thin waa ntf i prnpo*. On mafeinx known to iiim my view*, and nfTering to take, rm my •«• count, (me third of ttie adventnre, with iho (itiarge of the enterfFriae, he readily agreed to H» provkled that a (^naranoe far that deatinaiioil oonid he otitained from the «i.atom bUahed, whIeh woaM piwvent ear oMohdnc llio re(|nlait« elearanfle 1 and aa hwwMoa oaaM not be efeetM without thia doenment, we woro aoaapelled, very ralnetantty, to gke up the plM. Thia diMppointnrant waa Mndi mHkated hv ■ueh an advanee In the vahie of «he wfne, tht^ On n reaale, the prMt on nf third pert laig more fhan anfRehnit to deftrmr all mf wptrntt " in Buivpe, lneln(Hitg npwavda of eno IrawliM MNnda atorlinff for bonfd« fliedloni Mtcmnneo^ 4te., hi n plenrlajr, with irUaii I waa aatoed al ' Bxeter, when on my wajr to PhriMMth. TMo waa the drat violent IllMaa I md ever ««m« rienoed ; and for aevcral 4«ya tke nt i yilcl M mnI •uoh doubta of my reeovary, that he tmMimt4 "" it n ee eea ar y to appriao aqr Mando In IxmmIoo of my dangerona altoation. To thdr hindnflaa« hi aendlng • 4UMil oad Ofldent peiton to toko eareof HN^ I oonalder myaalf ladMMod %titmf 00 Aiwut Uw middle of March I had rMOTtrad m fitf 11 4« V ktife Itf |n to ttoiHtoH hjr (i«i)r «l«m Ml fbtttid mjrMlf MMdi beiiMllid 'bjr HM jMMi«f. But belWMn t«h> Md ^iTM montha W«M hKniirM Irt fMnitt my itMngni •iiffldmi«lv lo attend to buainoM. At tha end uf thU fierlod, iiivia| 96 Ht raeoraradl ac to be ready (br new idirettlttrei, and tMiveWIng that great prollt «wdd be derifed bjr taking a cargo ftron Hol. land to tba United Statei, I determined on daktUff at «(lbrt to aMo-npttdh it. But to gnt to lloUand, at thd time, waa not an aaajr matter. The rigorotti meamirei which the Ckmtinental power*, under the control of Napoleon, were compelled to adopt tor the Interdiction of all latereouraewlth EiigUiul, prevented anjr chance of luoceaa In attenintine it in the regular and ordinary iray \ and tnc lUinger was great in try- ing to elude tlie vigilance of the harplea, who were every where on the watch \ hut the object ■aemad to be vrorth lome riik. With thete Im- preMlona, and aeeowpauied hy the flriend who waa aaaoeiat^ vHth me In the trarchaie of the wliie at Plymonth, w« eontracted with the Bkip* per of a Dutch dihlM-^naek to land u* on the eoaat of lIottauML tie v.eather wai very line, •ad the aea M awMlh, that there was no tm- paditneiit, fhMa Mm aurf, to kndlng any where alMf the ooait HivlHg approached the ahore, attd walehed for aome time, without hearina any noiaa» or leetng any patrol, we landed Araut eleven o^elodc In the evening, having been In* ■tructed by the ak^ffer what course to take for the Btllle. Bach carrjing a little bundle, we NMKla oar way slowly and cauUously, in the dlrMkMi advised, over the uneven sand-hills, whhbttt i«ad or path, and In constant apprehen- slOM of being challented by the patrol, until we aivtved so nMur the Brille aa to hear the Clock sttikie two, and the watchmen announce the hour. We th^ eoncaaled 6urselvM tu a hollow ef Nm sami* tiril waited the approach of day. Aa tlii AaWA began to break, ire were starred by a tvaaii^llag aovuid approaching ui \ whether It wia a j^atroTor not, H waa neeeMury to ataH up, to av^d being trodden on. Oar relief vraa CMt oft diaeovortng that It wia only a hof ^■1 aaue cows to paatote. The boy vraa giMatly alamed at the sight of two men anerg> Mg ftoaa the hoBow of the sandbank, at inch an hMrt bvt taut tnankiti the laBaH fbrvrhMh can be beat taaglMd bfittMa wh» hsve hiA a afaBBarpte. paianeM. WMi '^MFHpn ■Hi^M Mv iwast, we iW^ we hai boei dMHad *li^ ttM laoHlord, mH which "waa itonflagvllig for tha Wa w«Rt on biNirdi MMMig the knaaa of OI.BVELANt»S VOYAOEI bMi«di,«f tb aiaJrtIa gerv, and were conducied without molcststion to Amsterdam. We immedtatffly perceived tli« | tfte d llB n e m ie in the felallve nrices of thn «^. Innrts of Holland, there and in the United I States, WM great in proportion to the rtnlwr. rassments which had existed In that commero«i and as the British had given notice that i bloekade would oommeaee on the 1st of July, this diflbrence would neeessaiHy be Inereaiai The Inducement, therafbra, to get a oarpo on before that time was very great t aml,-wrthii purpose, Unusual exertion* were mada for ui bj an Induential mercantile honsO) nMoh w«ftl crowned with success. A ship «it>ilMHrt«r«d,[ loaded, and dispatched for New VMt hafore tin blockade commenced. Bhe ■ M vl ea d ^lern iij •afoty, and our antielpatlona woNfotty raoliNt| in the result of the adventtne. Having, as I expected, met my ftlend 8hal«l at Amsterdam, I waa Induced to givi «p takhi|l passage in the sh^I had chartered, in order til execute a plan upon whieh we had agreed, anjl which promisedlin immense result; but this w were afterwardi uafattttnately compelled u abandon, in consequence of the cemmned oh. atadea, in addition to tha bMi«dik.af the i»i vaaion of tha Beheldt by under Lard Chatham, and eC«( In Holland.^ ThI* *eemed4»MMaaU prasp of egresa Ibrinei excepting by Imdy and lad i to regret not having avaBed myaetf of the fla opportunity t had possesstd for returning hoim? in the ship I had difepatehad for Maw York Fortunately fbr me, at thla parioa,. ofur miniita to France, Goderal Armstronigi waa on a visit ti Holland, and, being > deaiiotta of leadlntt il» spatches to the United Btatea, oMalaed liis i»i lease of the ship Monteiuraa ojf Baltimoia» fn the eflbct of the embargo \ and she was imn dtotcly dispatched fttr thai city. In thla ihirl took paosaga as bearer of hla exeelleney'a spatches. The shl^ being in ballast, there iated no cause of osolestation fh»m Briti cndaers t from one of whkh, a frigate, we boarded soon after leaving tha parti A« that an embaigo esiatad in Hidland, tha ' lag oflhser deafiad to be iafonnad, why we r^Msed from It* elfoeta f Tha ciqitain rc|i " Bt ^edal permlaatob ot govamiment^ gruMil at the reqveat of the Amerlean mtetoter^ to tib deipatcha* to the Uaited Btatqa, and," poin^ to me, *• there, *lr, i* the hearer of hla exci^ lenoy** deepatohe*.** He tfien de*ired n«i accompany the captain of tha MmitoaunM board the fHgate, and take-owMi >«• the apatches. Thla I declined. He then pro|i •endfaig ^ deq^aialiea by tha captalM. Thit| refrtsed to do ; on vrtddi ha threatanod toi compuMon. Dartag thla al t areatie n the i hid nearM na, whan Am oflker haBad sad i tiw eaplBfai. ttMt Mierawaaal daapaHdM vk hoard. •• Biirif I aHnar itoHai.* «*'Hb fa ha iiiriB*Milhar AND COMMBUCMT. BNTBRrRISBa. raw Ml ^MpaldMi mm kMV* Mt Mf, mmsI lif |«om|NiM«i." ** ThM M blm Niajr mmI to -d," WM tlie ebarantcriatitf tifHy. Tb* ip'i papcn having undergone the ordinary liny, and iMtng found to be in ordar, w« permittad to procead on ow vojraga. The paaaaga waa long and boifieroin, and 1 •afhrad graally fhini tha effaott uf a biliotn r, eonaeqnent, probablf, on too aarljr an ex> to the damp atmoipbere of Holland, after Knrare picwriiiy in England. We arrived at ItimoM on the 3d of Noveinher, and aa I wat feeble to proceed to Waahington with the I delivered tiiem to the collector of ouatomi to forwMrd. After staying a day or ■I Ddtlniore to raeruit, I proceeded, by ■tagea, to my long-deaired home, at Lan* ■r, MaaMchnaetta» and arrived there on the I), greatly emaciated, and in feeble bealtk CHAPTER XX. •tale ef peeaniary aflUira.— A mWimt eli< ata aieiiMwy fMr rMtoralian of ItMllb.— Voytgv rW a plaa . - artillant pnwpMita — Dnplaaaaiit ru- mn. Mat— te and eonAiaatiwn.— EsigeneiM of > Neapolitan gatat u— n <. T lw prMent aaianra IHMMad wMh lUt at Tottola.— Visit to Bomm. ■torn to Mtplaa.— Fortunala dlMppointnanl. irabaaa of Im Nancy Am*. — Sail from Napln. ^hasa by aa Bnglhh oraisar.— Diiappointnianl a Captain.— Arriral at Lisbon.— PlaMd under in|o. — Important apoeh.— Bmbarao raiiait. »|Mrtnr« mmi Lisbon.— Voyam to Pljnonth. fata In cho Sound.— Qnarantioa.— Arrival at loo* month! had elqiaed between my Boston for Halifax and my arrival at m. During that time, althongh my In bttiiness had been impeded by iiok> I had, neverthdaas, cause to be satisfled prapesa I had nuule towwds retrieving tH. Bat ay coastitution had received a I which it wovM raqnire Mme and care to >t awr was it deemed prudent that I risk tiM ailiBet of our rigorous climate ;the ensuing winter, but seek a more la the south. Aa my finaaoes were aa ebb to do this without combining aslnass, that wouM oifcr a prospect of at iag my mpenses, It wm dMireble to soma plaa which vrould unite the two firom the rigour of the Couti* was bagiaaing to be maallestrd. j<«f Maplaa had opened his ports to iedMiMioa, and wkh such anMaranoe of "I, tlial iiisuranea oa adventures there «4iMM al a reasonable preaaiMnk A laMiiplai waa therefera dedded oa t aad la aomjMiqr mUk a friend, I di|iper>bu)]t schooner Maria, of 7 9\ board a valaaMa aargo if vaHaaa kinda of aiar* ohandiae, belongiag to aMrehaota of Boaton, oa condition of reoeiving half the poite in Ilea of freight. On the 3d of Decemlier, 1809, oalv oaa meath from the day of my arrival at Baltnaora, I OMiin left my family, aad sailed from Boston, in the Maria, for Naplea. We arrivod there la aofetv, after a very pleaaant passage, and, aa usual in the Mediterranean ports, were iniTse- diately subjected to quarantine. The infomaa- tion I received from the merchant to whom I had letters waa very gratifying and aatisiselonr. It appeared i^m this, iliot there was no articM of which our cargo wa« coropoaed that would not yield a profit of an hundred per cent., and some much more. The prospect, therefore, of making a brilliant voyage was vary great, not* withstanding our numerous competitors i for there had now arrived, within a period of thirty days, between thirty and forty vessels from the United States, allinad, like ourselves, by tha flattering prospect presented on ilrst opaaing ttie port, wliich had been so long dosed to neutrals. While feeling ourselves in perfect seeurity* and making thme calculationa on a great rmmlt which the direct and well-founded infonnatioa we had received warranted, and whaa only about two thirds of our term of qoaraolinf had expired, we had notice of there bring raiAoura in the dty, that all the neutral properly in port would be confiscated. Theae rumours wcra soon after followed by the aeiiare and aale of tha cargoes of those vessels whose term of qoaraa- tine had expired. Capturea, oonflscationa, aad liurnings at sea, had all been experieneed, hjr my countrvmen, by the order of Napoleoa, or at some of his satellites. But to lavite Motrda into port, with the aasuranoe of proteetwn, aad then vtrip |hem of all their property, is a ref i^ meat in villanr, in meaaaaas, in haseaasa, bi treachery, wortbv only of the barbarotts tffft, and of which the civilised world aflicrrds na parallel. There could exist no doubt, that my vesael and cargo were deiUaed to share the fata of those mentioned, at the expiratioa of IIm quaraatine; yet ibay neither uidMBi tha 9$li$t uahung the rudder, nor took any other praaaattoa to prevent an eacape thaa to place a gi|»4NMl| at the mouth of the harbour. As we Mf la tba outer liar of vessels, la a tttf bvoarabla dtatf tloa tot golag out, 1 should not have ha>fta h«Ht ltt»rtJc»l tttiiti- «!«*«« WiHMf»-t »«iy ti'^M'l nw\ irttjit* wfrt* tnk*"!! fH)iM m% m\\ ♦<«♦♦ «•♦»<»» M tprflit* |t'»«*w ^M ♦'♦••»< itU VhH' V»lt»«l»i»llj rmH«. I* M utrntlt »« fKTmtr HftH^ «h«». rtx •'rtmU«H U nff(Vi«hlp Ht t'litMtltifr — M A M»< ♦hU'f ♦<» rt ♦»i>nthtMt«»^«»Hf, Iti Ihi* tt»Ht «^«ft ♦l«lMr W HO |»ti«*tlt(tt|t«M »f rtiHMttun w\\*f> ^\\\\ mmmi'M ltnn»»«»v, h» t«wk»ttu; fttr n «Uh«<<>« «h»I «if tPtt, 0»n i>n"»«» W |tti\)«iti|tvt(, NM«I W<»([»W thP WH«\Mt»H»«»»» UMlAMTtil itH|1IWMl of lii« h»i 1^Hh«»ur, Ky »!»«» ht!i«li«Mtt r«u»ltlHj of llir H« M«MH h««l Ui»l tl\« mi«vi»l nMifUftf to ' v» |M' ^n ^v<^¥ «<»>«(mHii (»f )Mtr." ll*tiMg no^^ m> «>(ltri I'lUv «tf |tn«|«(>rtv tltmi iMf iMt imm«HlMitte it)t)K)rtunHy ^>t (hn UitUptl BtehM« I «»^|>li\yv«) n\jr Um«> itt vUlthtg thn tut- v(ttt^«)& I UwM«t«nl t«t Rotn«« where t {MiMeit ««• VMM tTMiiK (MhI Ktd *n i>|t|HwtMnttv Wt seeing iHike i«««l 4lt|«eis n^Attnuiton. whk-V hMve (treti o k w wtA t«it m ranitv «?T*ntniie«, ntiit*tn«H( iiMiU llhe w«)l« «yr the KtimMl tUlv t «ni( «U» eltMUwg INwtU iFVeMAti. \c, All of ^hloh l^et (Mid v>Meot« h«ve lHH>n ro iN'iieAieilly Hn«l irall A e »c HKcd » hy |m>«pMe«l «tiihm«Mt«l tiit^rAry m*««(tWih hentii^tltei^, thai *i^ eKieiuteil m> cMMi Were \«MHiUi Ite su)wi-Auo(i5. On Nty tHttnt to Nejplet, I f\Mto MTMi^ment «it)\ the mtremmeut hftil lt)<)«(^ct itf to t't*yi»»t/tMh'w frifi^fiim Hf nnt^ trtwie nn «|Hitii » unity nf rMttftiinn hmn# llnrltin clmfliMif H fiiliti«M«< iHfMliftHtt «ir l»i. tlrtt* it(fi««flii'htrM. I |impM«w| III ('Mitfiiln Ptiif HHii (n |my lilm nti «iMti Ihftn t liiif fi'imt (ltt« MfiiircltVtMtMh (Imf thoir tmnMHty Ht»nl»l firpjurtlw llif tmle «if liU n*, lMtelKl«t Hmf I iviiilil nffunt m |mj-. ht' im-iMWelr «l«'««lhletj. Mt »IH»j»|»«liifin»irt j nM T^j-jr irrwt j fttr, If I miMHl HiU ohjviMh oMr. tlifir w*«i tio ri'ffnlMfr iif rnif nfliPt fur «i Innjt lirtlittl t t»«I, linvldt tHhi'M l'hrtrt»« of Ih* pro|ift-tT Iti l|tl^ lipnn ij iofrti-li of (i-Mut fti ito WUIioiil; i(. 1'liOHf whol t-eto«*iolii iirttTlilfiillnl eftrH|ie tlmt I fxiw lintM-ml. RItp WM UlWfl «t «MI. A pilft of Kn oieo Ao«l imMeMtPM wi'i-e ftwyjwl In the Imm. nflet- gtent nollVf l»ig i n y»H iNtriihe«l ott tu? whMiV. nml n f>«w mnv rp^»«oe(l f»'o»M it wIim \wt\y e<|tlH«tt. TIml I foltthi not ht^MtM^rlr «lMfHtif« of n f» «o»ih'e ftir R«*ltl*(i nwny, t liiul fnkeil the ptf CMtlHoO (0 ert^Hf>?0 liOHftHM fHf k liMiMt tirttir* to hite It vi'Mel liMf for tliMl ttlAMIi tlii^ lo< nhltcd n few «lity« ufit'i- my finlitH «f uticw*^ wlih l;it|ilnlrt Pitirlti'lil \ Mtiftt Heltig (itoviiir olth the miiilKitp credit to etmhttt m« to tmptli lleeiiee to ntUitMfiige, I piir«iliMe«l ihelifig timn 'n AttM (one of the ««hed the slmits of t)iliriiltar« when Mrlr.i It very floe oinrniiig, we oliserved • venel tut emtwAnl, under M crowd of Mil, M|i|iiiren(lyl chn«e of ih t nnd tlie wind lieing ver)r lighl fn the eestwAitt. Wlien the hull lieemne vixii we |ten>eived thnt n |tun wm oeeiMinniilljr flr hilt we (vctit nn onr now^e nutll the Nflerini»'| when she hnd so neiireii ns, that her •lint f within i cAhle> length nstern. Wu then rxtmM to. A iNMt WM liniiiedlAtely Mnt to tekf ■ unfl nty )m|»ers on iMturd the hrig^of-wnr ; l< foich WtK the veRiel tlmi hnd hneii chMiiiK w\ long. When the mighty nmn niiw t!ie doi>iitH'<|' hy Authority nf which I wnsiereeued front Knf|li| (t^rti"*"*!""*. iti>d which eniiimttcd frnin the »« Kource arIiIr owniHtntinisRiou, end, (NNiiei|ii« r»ivf%f«hfiMr P.vtnHPnintn. n |l»MiMmi nf ttmt ttiront, llnl whf»n tlif Ornt «llftiiMt< iinilM ImlriK >*'>Ar /it hiinri, f iclttdrit fn i«fi(«tr Ihf Tnkmm^ nnd *ri«iri r^umft to htifir Dfiir tft M(>l(>m (.'Mtir*. Thin Minn an Im- Mnt pfwii in tli«> nnriMU of tiitiitm. 'tht> Ifffh iirtn)r< itfidor Mniiiir>nii, mfrf iwlvunHnc Ih R Hirifldarififl itiMiircd hjr the nHinowl(>fl(tf^ itR Rtid HivRflnhln iiit(?r(Mi« tit iitfit ottnt- likr. tii« f*«mMiiMl RnKliRh ntiii VnriHf(tn>»« ImiI, i]«M«rvii(li)r« lift iMf (tmiflflAfin^ In th« Rti«l in(r«|fi«litv t4 th«ir rommnmW, filr knr W^II^!^l••Jr, whfKW Un*t <»f Mt'lttm, Rt Trrf- iVHlrtA, (Miiild im fffTcrtl ntilf Rt t)iA intmi- I fUk (if diMtraotimi to th(« InvRtlinK Rrmy. thff oti|Kiiiin|t «ftnl«R r«!mR IfihRMtRniR nf MilKin w(ffr>ct«, in rrrdAr mt tli(*tn an tiORrd nf (he MiMtinh Rhip^ rif I •! R inom(>iit'R ndtlrfi ) Rml tItRt nh nir«n« Inn tliffir pTfiiinHy mlKht tie n^idrntmt, an rR«) wns laid on all vMsoUin ptnt. Attnitn mI in thlR critical itata alioiit ten dajrs, iHfnrmatlnn waa rMeivad that Maafiena liafiirdinR an aaaaiilt, liad ahandoned and had ba|iin Mr retreat. The em- Ii in eo Mm w a iioe, wa* immndiatelf raiaH i lNtH|MMIltf mmI pflaM wero reakirad to the ilanla. Ill ik$ tnean time, the eomtniaRarjr ttmj liad *Milie wouM terminate here, itnd that I tbonld ieved Ihiro further winter nav'gation in iih:I< Ncliap^it waa iieccMiaiy that the liabould ptooew to Ijpndon, before whi<:h »uid ' be obHfaii to paea some day* in tlM ai I taw d ga te Creek. It appeared i!«|i|Pi^i|iaf been lo long at Liabon, nttd liRving v*»frfilaf^»l thf »hip, ir/ di^rhargrng Ihf fiirtk rrr prrv-frhnd Itir v^m^Ir tttim lUf MfilHftritntnn. W«» fiRtten^/f, ^^*t^- tiTt>, Ut nrttvf iiirrf, Rod nitft-t't^nl wifhmit ihtl ttft-utr^nrt^ tit Roy mi^hRfi. Itt thin frnly AtPUff filRfC, in r'»M winf<'r wr>»ithAf , Rnd wif hotrf * rtfe in Ih^x-aMn, I wm t-nm^fifA KipRMf^n day^of rnoff far^ly prtit^tfnn ihntt I fvttt Pupfti^nc^ hfttitf. fb^ day of o»ff f<'I*«R»* ttnm tW« d^- ffif flfile \i)ntf WRR tinf tit jiifriW »o all on hoa^d. The vt>nM'\ Rfid rafK*^! mt't^ d^-Hv^rffl to IM n^^ni Hi f /ondon, wherf I remain(>d throngh the wirif*>f, riHArritR xxi. Mrtf^tiMw /if n vfnim} nnA rmntt. — ff^rtnfR tnt (/»• f>rfi»m((«'n,— Wroofc tit ih« rimml tm /ihWhI,— i)iim nnA ftttgo niir^/i. — ittintmty nf ifiA MttiMf* Rfifd. — X^iwifp t\t fh* onrpfrt — IfR ttAtmm.'^Mfrttti R( <'tiptttihiif(tin.~ VftifitnhU tmhmt (he e«rfa.«^ Hh\pwti>f1i n tmtnnfittt matnina in ft^ittijm, — A «>Rrgft prnfnf»^ ttttn Kd^rinI, — iKi arrival a( f/m*nhRp«f(orR ^ Aa»wria«« — (n«mRy of an KngliRh timt nt mwoheoC H Wt-* C'hRR«4 Inr a fr)gR<« — (CMapa by *>Tp«rf«r aalHeg. — Arrival ttt N«w Ymrk.— One* mora at benM.-— Empty purte.— KiMMing antl«lpeti4ye«. While waiting witlNMt empfoynienf tt l/rw don, In the hope that lome event w«fnM titmr in which 1 might exert my energtea, a ffftleveR-< Hcl, laden with wine, tniifnd ttnm Naj^, to the addreaa of my friend. TMa I tfxAH obtain, ah tf^rma which Were within my etmipaae) amt knowing the demand for mch Hthid ef whM h» Denmark, I pnrebaaed the veaael and eupt fcr that deatifiatioa. The aafety of the voyafpi it^ pended on our entering direct from NM^wKh' out having stopped at any intarmtiMtAM pwt} hence the necessHy of engaging the same iMMtr to procecfl in her, and of avoiding any detay hv the Thames. Having ancceeded in ehgaghig(h« matter and crew, who came from Ifapfee in the> vetael, to pror:eed in ber to Denmark, and eraaed from Xhf. log-book the notice of ber having tflRMdi' tit\ England, I r>triharked at mperr'argo ttnm Na- pies. Being all ready, 4^oaf the middfe of Angatt, IHII, we put to tea, taking a good dli»* partnre from Orfordneta flights on Thomh^' ni^bt. The wind waa front the Westward, aai blew a strong breeze daring the alght aaai M* CtKVBI.AND« VUVAGBS / 94 towing (lay. On Friday and Saturday Ihe wind «iMituiuod hvounJaio, Towarda night the wind •oA tea imnated, with very dark weather and o cr^io^Md- aqualli. Aa the cajitoin suppo»cd himetf to h9,6tty or sixty miles from the near- eat laodt^daa the darkness at tliis season lfated;pflly seven hours, I went to bed with en- tks^iaatofideDce in our safety, and in the belief tf^U we^ should not get sight of the land before ^eightor ten o'clock next roorniug. But the event showed that our calculations were so er> roneous aa to be accounted for only by a strong current. At dawn, on Sunday morning, I waa roused from my slumbers by the hard thumping of the vessel, and the roaring of the breakers in which we were enveloped. The water was pass- ing down the companion-wAy m torrents ; and wattflung an opportunity, I succeeded in getting on deck, though not without a complete drench- iug. The vessel lay broadside to the sea, which broke high over her ; she, however, having heeled in shore, afforded us some shelter. She soon bil^d, and* having become water-logged, lay comparatively quiet ; and as the tide soon fell so u to leave her dry, w*! all I. .ed on th.e beach of Jutland in safety. No sooner was it daylight, thasi the inhaUt- ants came to as in great numbers ; and aa it waa obvious that Mving the cargo depended on the best improvement of the time, before the return of the tide, u many were engaged aa could work to any advantage, under the direction of men appointed by authority to act on such emer- Sncies. The tide had not ebbed more than a ot at the time the vessel struck, so that the opp9rtunity of saving the cargo was very favour- ap^. The day was fine, and enabled us to dry oj^r clpthes. In this process, although our vari- ous wardrobes were extended over the beach, and might easily .lave been purloined, and although there were many persons about us apparently in very indigent qiraimstances, we loist nothing. The operation of diacbarging the qargo being so ayatematiaedt that the labour of each one was applied to the greatest advantage, they hod so nearly acoomiuuslied the unlamhg, before the tide again .flowed into the vessel, as to secure the 9floty of the entire cargo. It was not until the fburth day after being wrecked, that I could fl4>ti4n ji passport to proceed to Copenhiageu ; as the magiatrate examined each individuu aepa- lAtely relative to the origin and object of the voyage, and with great care, and thoa became «pquaipted vritb our being last from Bii|^ai|d. A aeiznre of the whole property waa the con- Sfsquence. Having obtained my pisaport, a fatigoing journey of three days and nights, over a rough road, brought me to the Danish capital. As soon as the authorities at Copenhagen were made acqiuinted with the circumstance of the case, an or,der vrtis ^ven ifor the release of ifte property, and an t|gent from the house of Jtyherv •hd.Co. w*s jii^paitched to, take chaise of it. One fourth of the eargo being awani(4 aa salvage, the other three were sold on tin ! strand, at a great profit, and the vessel was io),| j for the bcnedt of the underwriters. This ilu. aster, which, at the moment, caused me gnai | pain and disappointment, proved tobeaoircum. stance of great good fortune i for, had we pro. j ceeded on onr coarse without intenruptiont we should have gone durectly int«»^^the handr ofij French privateer, then lying at Elsiiwui^ read; i to pouuce upon every defenceless neutral Mm came in her way. At that period, coudeimiatui was sure to succeed a French captnref on tin I slightest pretext. There would, «on»equenU;,l have been no chance of eso^ for a vessel in rectly from England. As soon as my affairs in Jutland jpeniibrougk to a dose, the proceeds were anticipated and in. vested in an adventure to ^iga* to procure a cat- go, then much wanted ai Copeiihisgm. I w« secured a|pinst the Daniah privateers, tba swarming m the Baltic, by • lieeaee from tk king. This voyage was completed aatisSsctoiili by a safe return in November, 18IV«i>d withi small profit. During the enauiog, winter* I n> mained at Copenhagen, and engaged in shippii| several cargoes of grain to JBnghHidfrom Udi stein, and in importations thence, under lieeno from the |wo governmental ,(ra9> tPlwh ^*om' benefit was derived. . . .„ ,,,„ The aucceeding summer waa one maorpauiii interest and excitement. Information bs reached us of the declaration of war, by Ha government of the United jStatea against gra Britain ; a circumstance foreboding events of tk . most thrilling character, some o( which mn^| followed that information ; sudi as th^RMrrendi of Detroit to the enemy, and the triumph on the boasted invincibility of British shvn of ^ in the capture of the frigate Gaerri«re by Conatitution. But what bearing waa this state of things to have on my prospects, what advantage could be made of thwn to la ther my views ? were questions of no easy lokl, tion. A barrier seemed to be placed |q taj » j turn home, in any other than the expensive \ of proceeding to France. Nothing short of I ,,, prospect of bettering my fortune would jiutll prolonging my stay in Burope ; and this pi» pect was so good, if certain obotacles, oouU k overcome, that I determined on making thei' temjit. The protracted and accumulated restrictiM on all neutral commerce, and the interdidkj^ of all intercourse between England and Fh«r| had caused such an accumulation of ever; r scription of merchandise in the atorehouMK the former, as to reduce their prices grettl; I low the ordinary standai 1. The same had operated, in an inrerse ratio, in Hence the difference in the relative _ many articles of mer<'h9Adiae in t||« twp < tries was so enorrio o i u a to he abnoat iv it was obvious, ifu.,s, that.we^nticDdactioBi^ AND COIIMIRCIAL ENTeR^IHSKH. no I Into fhinfle from EngUnd was an ol^ect Drthjr of great effofrts ; on« whidi would justify incurring of great riaks, and would require aid of influential men in office. To elude the >ttr of the Continental System waa an achieve- it of no ordinarj magnitude, and could only I done l>7 means of lieeneea, and in so circuit* a manner as to escape the vigilance of the ich douuniera. ^^Afler great difficulty and delay, and a most laMe perseverance, our agent at Paris sue- in obtaining a licence for the introduction la cargo from Copenhagen into Hamburgh vid 'e\, to be accompanied with certifleates that artielts compochig it were the product of lish industry and commerce. This first and difficulty overcome, the next measure was ch easier; to obtain from the Danish go- iment a lieeuee for the introduction into enhagen of a cargo from England. This Igrairted, on condition of excepticg all arti- nnaecompanied with properiy authenticated stes of neutral origin. As there existed sprehent'.on of any embarrassment from the ish government, the requisite measures were to have iMpped at London such a car^u ^s ill greatest demand at its place of des- i^HliOn. adventure arrived safely at Copenhagen le, and we could immediately have ob- ' a ttery gtreat advance on the cost ; but the eet was so much greater at Hamburgh, the YW its deatinathm, that the maxim of the I hi the hand," &c., did not seem applicable easie. White engaged in unlading the preparatory to its being re-laden in the coasters destined for Kiel, we were ar- , In our progress, and confounded by one difficultie« which could not be foreseen indL It aioso from the circumstance of ate in the adventure having been a Ih subject. He was one of the proscribed I Md was among those engaged in the bat- '' Vinegar Hill. Since that period, he had ^'eng|nd in mercantile business on the lent; and during the two last years had rc- lit Copenhagen. Some malicious or envious Idendunced him to the government as an " subjeet ; and declared, moreover, that ' erty he represented was English. In see of this, the property was seized, 1 investigation instituted, which was pro- ' In a manner worthy of the tribunals of a fritality attending this adventure was very remarluible. Its possession ho ol^ect to the government, nor h&d seriotis apprehension of its eventual ation; yet, there seemed to be an iinac- ile dispositioh to procras^nate. The go. t, hitherto, had paid great deference to Bntattions of our worthy ekarg^ d^tf. ' and hf sAemptinjr to procure the release etHf, he exeitod himself with an much zeal and earnestness as if it had been his •wm, hut ineifectoally. Even a proposal for it^ i on giving bonds was refused. Month month passed away, and we saMT the i pidly approaching which wavld stop the inter* course by water between Copenhagen and Kiei^ without the power of doing any thing. At length, it was discovered that the property had been unjustifiably kept frnm Its owners, and eonseqnently it was restored to them. But, ink fortunately, the time had gone by when soeh decision would have been most important to as, for it vras now the middle of October. Never- theless, if the winter did not set in this year eariier than it did the last, we might succeed in transporting uur cargo to KieL No exertions were spared for the accomplish* ment of this desirable object, but vre were des« tined to meet with continued disappomtments. One of the coasting vessels had part of a cargo or board to be discharged before lading ours ; auv^her had some little repahfs to make; and no one was procurable that would engage in the ^is^ness with the sphit that the case so impc- rionsly demanded. The consequence was as we had drraded : the cold weather commenced six weeks earlier than it had done the list year. By the time the vessels had completed their lading, they were fast enclosed in the ice, and so re- mained during the winter. Still, though this was a disappointment, as it would greatly retard the realisation of our expectations, yet there existed no cause then to uppreheud any depre- dation in the value of the property in the en- suing spring. Pcfore Napoleon had experienced any chedc in his victorious career, a meicantile adventdre, predicated ou the maintenance of his supiv. macy, would have been considered a safe one ; but Napoleon's power proved itself weakn<(St^ when contending with the elements. The severe weather, which had been so prejudicial to my operations, continuing to increase as the winter advanced, will long be remembered by its terribly disastrous effects on the Preiim army in Russia. The destruction of this army was a death-blow to the Continental System, and, of course, to all my &ir prospects fconded on its continuance. The spring of 1813 opened with an emanci- pation of Europe from the tyranny of Nqioleoti. His Russian campaign had been so terribly dis- astrous, that even the fertility of his great mind was unequal to providing other remedy than such as deferred his prostration a few months. The prospect of the ordinary channels of com- merce being once more opened, produced its natural effect on all merchandise at Hamburgh; prices were nominal ; there was no sale for anything ; everybody was auxiously waiting the d^totument ot the grand drama. Under audi circumstances, it is almost needless to say, tL^ all my hopes from the adventure with which I had been so long occupied were da- VI' d6 CLkVKLANUii VUVAtiKS itroycd. TliiH (ulvcntiirR, had it reachod lltiuu luirgh in time, uvuulU liuvo yielded a proAt Qf MVMral liundrcd per ocut.* aird sccurua tu me tttdepandmice ; but whoii it did arrive tlicrc, its value WMr«d(i09d lieluw the origiual cost, and flrtally wound iiu with very cousidonUilu Itiw. To bring mj ifliuni t«t a rluse, with the least pofctible NU!ritice, necessarily consumed a con- aiderable portion of the sumtncr. During this penod the city exhibited, ou a small scale, and for many days iu succosaion, titu turmoil, activity, Mid excitement lucident to being besieged. The French were attempting to regain itussesoion of it by a bombardment from the opposite bank of the river, and by repeated efforts iu the nights to transitort a Iwdy of troopa across. Their tnrcM, in order to save themselves from the dMaded domination of the French, they were 'ill suddenly confounded and dismayed by an order from the King of Denmark for the with- drawal of his troops ; an order, understood to be in cOiisequence of the lailure of some ncgo- clatioft of Count Bernstorff with the British ;" cabinet. ' As the principal means of resistance was thus '"'tvithdrmwh, and the remainder were incompe- tent to justify a longer defence, the authorities Aeiennined on capitulating while they were yet ''in a position to secure advantageous terms. Aeterdlngly, the Russian general, with his troops, writhdrew towards the north ; the oapi- tnlsltioii was consummated, and the French be- " came once more masters of Hamburgh. After a ' '''* few days, when the garrison was quartered, the police regtilateii, and the quiet of military des- |iotism reigned within the city, a procession was formed, composed of the soldiers, and headed by Mnrdittl Davuust and his stair, iu tlieir splendid liabilimeuts, which proceeded to the little St. Mtcliaers church, to aid in the |ierfumi ance of a TV Dtum, in gratitude to the Suprcnn Ruler of the Universe, for giving that succcMto their arms, which had placed in their power n, unotfending people, whose property they in. tended to plunder by heavy taxation, and wlins^ sons they intended to enslave, Jiy making them i conscripts. " O tempora ! O moret /" Only J few weeks after gaining {lossession of the cjtf, the French, iu their turn, were 'besieged by tlit Russians, Cossacks, and Swedes, and thiswuj the state of affairs when 1 left the city. i Having at length brought ray bnsiness toil close at Hamburgh, and perceiving no courMf that 1 could pursue for retrieving my fortune iJ Europe in which there was not great risk, I (k. tcrmined tu proceed forthwith to the Unittil States, and there endeavour to obtain the coni.| mand of a letter-of-niarque for a voyage nl China or the Pacific. As the best course foil getting most expeditiously to the United StaiK was evidently vid France, I applied to th French comiaaiider of the city. General Hogn dorff, for a passport. The general, I foiini spoke English iHirfectly well. He was tery t\\\ and affable, and dcsh^d his secretary not to 4 lay providing me with the passport I asked, lit observed to me that I should run a great ri»ki< being taken and robbed by the Cossacks, wIk he said, were very numerous in the viciniii On the fall of the fortunes of Nipoleon, th o^lcer retired to the interior of Brtikil, where r passed several years in obscurity, engagcil i the humble occupation of eolle.-'ting and prescr ing insects, until his death, which occurred tlw only a few years since. One of the regular p vernment couriers, who have the privilege i taking any person with them» being alwiit i stait for Paris, I obtained a seat with iiim. ~ car for our conveyance was ft molt nncoul vehicle; it had two wheels only, and Ix fixed on the axletre, had no spring; quently, the jarring in many places, over roads, was excessive ; but the advantage, nid and day, of never having to wait Jongerf horses than the time requisite for chaining the, was great ; although it gave us no other cliaM to sleep or eat than while on our way. We k tunatcly escaped the Cossacks, and arrived i Brussels in safety, but so excessively fatigut that I was glad to rest a day or two there, a to depend on the diligence for conveying lueti i remainder of the journey. ' " Arriving at Paris in October, I learned tltfi fast-sailing ship would leave Nantes for United States in about three weeks. After p ing a fortnight at Paris, 1 took the dilicNictil Nantes, to examine the ship in question. !>( was a beautiful vessel, and was represenldij be a very swift sailer; but it was obvious the chance of escaiie for such a vessel, • equal citcamstances, wonld be less than tltfjj a Baltimore clipper, and I th«i«fove delayed^ itoKinif a imsstt^ e until I should heor from * AND COMMERCIAL I dtaux, ia aniwer to mjr inquiries on the aiibject. Ijltlihi inrormation wu soon received, and wu ]|ugIi m deiarniiued ine to proceed tliere. I ar- rived liiere jiut in time to Becnre a pattage in a [vessel wliich might liave served Mr. Cooitcr for [his description of the Water- Witcli, for ihe [was lilte tliat portrait in every point. Her com- Dander, Captain Isaacs, was a mostexperiauced nd accomplished aeaiuan, and admirably quali- ieU for cucb a command. With auch a cnmbi- iticu I felt no less confidence in making our ssage safely, than I should have done in a time ' profound peace. At dawn on the second morning after leaving He Cordovan, we found ourselves in the midst ' a fleet of merchant vessels, widch were steer- ^g to the south. The confusion which such a [ispicious and unwelcome apparition caused long them was very great, and, to us, very piusing. Some of those astern lay by. unvrill- to approach us \ others let run their main- or brailed up their spankers, and wor^ ^d on the opposite tack; those that were 1(1 crowded all sail to increase the distance us, and spread out, that there might be iire cliance of escape for some. They were Idently English veuels, though they showed (Colours, and their convoy, if they had any, not in sight. If we had been prepared with i, requisite number of men, we could have fitn ana conveyed to Bordeaux almost any nWr of them ; but neither the strength of , ship's company, the instructions to our Ifnander, or the object of the voyage, would our making captures; hence, we did not Ite from our course, but proceeded on to westward, leaving our frightened neigh- astonished at Andnig themselves unmo- ed. iDuring the passage we were chased a number itimes; and once, at early dawn, on our own It, we perceived a frigate almost within gun- of us. With a fine, brisk breeze, she rded all sail in chase of us ; but we had ccmyincing evidence of our great auporiority lilin^ as, before noon, although persisting lie pursuit, her hull was not visible from our , The next day, the 1st of January, 181 rrived safely at New York. years had now elapsed since my depar- ^f»om Boston, in the schooner Maria, for iir«, aud during that period it will have been that no effort! were spared, no deflcienry liperseverance evinced, and no opportunity |Wt:'d to l^ss unembraced, which presented iiprospect of liettering my fortune. What I ' upted, and with what unfortunate results, [.detailed in the few oreceding pages. jWasoiKe again landed qn my native shore, •d health, and with an empty parse; but fed above the immediate pressure oi aneh lulated disappointments, by inaulging the ing anticipation of at leastaahoit repose lie liosom of my family. 7 ENTERPRISES. CHAPTER XXII. 9t KfliMU of disastrous fortune -«t>aubtinl voyaga.— DcparUirc froa Salam fur TaoMriflls' and M ala vla. — Iaws of tnprouis.— D«mi§ss mp«iw<< ■ ' A r- rival at Taawiira.— UnoomforlsbU rowkiaad.— Haapiulity aud bamivolwMs of • OMrclHOt— DilHoiihy of weiRkiug not-hor.— D«partur« froa Teooriflii.— Arrival At Tristan d'^ounha.— 8ap« ply of provUioDS.— Fata of a lattlar.— Sloppaga at iha Cape.— Arrival at Balavia.— PnoauttOBs again»l fever.— Praamt and foniwr Govamefa.*- A sucoeasfid Berchant.— Haturn to tb» lala of Fruoce.— Bsohanga of cargo.— >Boar(lad off St. Helena. —Naptleou,— No feuels paraiittad to m' ter.— Pleasaot voyage bona.— Arrival at Boatao. The disastrous result of my Jong-continued efforts in Europe had deprived me of that inde^ pendence which I liad so early desired, and for a course of years had so successfully realised. I was now under the necessity of accepting em- ployment from any of my more fortunate fellow- citizens who might dcoire my services. Soon after the negociations at Ghent and the promulgation of peace, I was invited by aome of my Salem fri>>nds to make a voyage to Tene- riffe and Batavia ; an enterprise which, within my recollection, was viewed a« one of untried aud doubtful accomplishment, requiring in the commander uncommon skill, perseverance, and tact ; but which, at this time, 1815, is of such every-day occurrence, that I am only induced to narrate mine from the consideration that its omiuion would leave a chasm in the story, which may l>e viewed as unimportant or other- wise, according to the diSereut tastes of the readers. Late in the month of July, 1815, I sailed from Salem, in the ship Exeter, bound toT^ne- riffe and Batavia. The ship, w Inch was about three hundred tons, was ot a clumsy construc- tion, and, being sheathed with wood, ^ve us a prospect of long and tedious passage^ ; but the liberality of the owners more than compen- sated for the additional time requisite for ihn performance of the voyage. To meet vrith an accident in a well-rigged abip wliile crossing the Atlantic in summer-time seemed hardly within the bounds of possibittty; yet we did not escape. The first ten durs after our departure '.?e had experienced onlpr tbt ught and bsifling winds, whi''h are pecuW pt, this season oi the year, and consequently n|d made little pn)greu on our way | but on tbie eleventh day we had a fine breeae from the #Q)Vtb so^th- vvet'., which gave ua the cheeiiBg eqipQt^agement of making up for lost time. WUlv. top-gallant sails set over whole topsaUa, aforetopmast stud- ding-sail, the sea tolerably smooth, andgping at the rate of only eight knots an hour, in an in- stant all three topmuts snapped off close to the caps, and came down iritii a tremendous crash; tho topsail-yarda nudcing sad havoc vrith the courses. The ship, being now diepriyipd of her pnuipUing force,^ lay like a log on the water; ann this Mi beinW smbotli, entfited ni ^ save alhtH^llgUlni;, am, and span. It %aB a most forttHikitf dlreiitnstahce that no man was aloft at th^UMle; attd thSt noive were hurt by the fiill- ingWth(iiqiarsahd>^^Q;; tw, even with the uniidA i^^etgiiai of ill;' to bring order out of such a ch4o« wias a laborioiik task. The men, how- ever, went aboiit the work cheerfully $ and un- der the direction of an excellent chief officer, with great diligence and exertion, we had our threti TopiaOs and coturses repaired and set in three days after the misfortune. It may be in- qmltd^ to Wh&t I attribute so unusual an acci- dent?— fOr uAusual it was at such a time. I can think of no other cause *'!ian that of the spars being weakened l)y exposure to alternate M'e and dry weather, while the ship was hauled up duiing the' whole of the last war with England. We were able to substitute good foire and mizen topmasts for those lost ; but the main one did not admit of carrying hard sail. Notwithstand- ing this disaster, we were up with the western islands, passing between Terceiro and St. Mi- cbael^a on the 11th of August, saw Madeira on the 2ist, and arrived at Orotava on the l{6thf The day before arriving, and while nearly becalmed in sight of the Peak of Teue- riife, seeii^g something on the water a short distance froip. ys, which appeared like a cask, we lowered the boat, and towed it alongside. On taking it on board, it proved to be a hogs- head of .ine old Jamiuca spirit. It must have been ^ long time, in. the wat^r, as it was covered witb barnacles., . J . Of all the uncomfortable roadsteads in which tthfs been my chance to load a ship, that of Orotaiva is the worst. Anchored in fifty-five fathopis of water, with the ship rolling more than when at sea, we are doomed to eight days' quariM^tina. In the mean time, the wine is pre- pared to take on board as soon as the quarantine expires. M any time and place, such delays are exc^i^T*^ provoking and tedious ; but in such a roadstead as this, the fatigue and ennui amount ueailfr, |o a state of torture. The eight days, however, were passed without accident ; and imiitdiBtKly on their completion, I received a politd'iiivittttlon from Mr. Little (the merchant fit>iA'^4m I'r^ceived my cargo), to dine with hinv kpd ,(6 take tip my qnisrters at his house, for tbo W^9 ^une that remained, while lading the w'we* yf^iicii 1 very readily accepted. Tiiia iinntkoian and aooomplished merchant is BUcOeaaor to the house of Pasley, long famed for its Kmioarable mode of conduciiRf business} a famcT^i^ith is in no degt«<§ Msi morited by the preiM ftftnse. The hbtipKiaity of Mr. Little is ackd^Wydi^'by dffhti Visit the place; and he l|M gV«n,s^^ e^^i^We of his pbilantbr6py and^b4|i^yQle4j^, as tp be honourablv noticed by the JiMig. During tia» prevalence ot the yel- low fever in the island, when aU were flying who possessed tlie means, he remained ; and by 8 VOY^CKS ;.; ,- the J*idicious application of |)ecuniary aid, l)y the fen^uragement of liis presence, and by ||i« personal assTfetance, he probably saved the lives of hundreds, though at the most imminent risk, as he barely escaped being a martyr tp his hii manity. On the 3rd of Se|»tember, having oonipletot our lading, and taken leave of my kind host, | went on board, and prepared to go to sea ; hut we soon perceived that, with an ordinary wind, lass, the united force of our crcyr was Insnifficicnt to Iteave up the anchor, witli such a weight of cable in addition; and we were oouipelTed to avail ourselves of the services <^ the men who came off with me. Even with this aid, we were a long time getting our anchor ; but thf task was at length accomplished. The boat, with tlte \ foreigners, left us. We made sail ; and every ! one on board was nyoiced to leave a place whic^ was so exceedingly uncomfortable. On our way to the south, we passed b^wcen the Cape dc Verde Islands, and not far ta wind- ward of Fogo ; crossed the equator in tl<« usual longitude, and, malung our way with all diii gence to the soutiiward, the next land we saw was Tristan d'Acunha. As we could toUch at this island without much loss of tin^d, I deter- mined to do so. Accordingly, ^ppfoadiiff^ the % north-west end, we saw a smoke, and, wlien within about a mile of it, I.sent the lioat ashore, with directions to ascertain who were the inlia. bitants, to procure, from them whatever eatablci they might have ti» spare, and to be absent no longer than was necessary for the accomplish, inout of these purposes, — the ship, in the mean time, lying oflT and on under easy sail. Afteran absence of about f>ur hours, the boat rptarnedi with a good supplv' of excellent potatoes* and i| plenty of very fine fish. The officer repoited,! that tliere were only three men on the island,! who appeared to be Portugtiese or Italians ; aiul| on inquiring of them what had' become Lambert, they said he had been drowned, witki others, in attempting to go to Inacdesslblt] Island. Jonathan Lambert was a native of Sa||mf An This island lies In the South Atlantic Ocean, It. 37. 9. S. and long. 16. 30. W. firom Grten. Ou the IMh, i»e eame abreast of it. Dar- ^the period of Napoleon's eonllnemcnt at St. tna, the British goverament had a garrison ,«liieh,onBona|^rta'a death, was withdrawn. L,an old oorporalt named Glass, having nearly ^ ' the tic;e in the army whieh entitled him l^re, obtained permission to remain behind, ,wife (a Hottentot), one child, and two t» of his corps. The two soldiers, however, ' tired of this mode of living, and took i;« of the visit of a wlwling vessel tp leave ind ; and thus old Glass, wife, and child, the sole poasessors of the place — ' mo- if all he annrcycd.' The island is voleanic, ; a high p-ak rising from a table land ; the ['/nd it 1000 feet from the level of the sea, I U rises a peak, to a farther elevation of St. A.t its summit is an immense crntRr th water, round whose margin the aad other sea-fowl build their ucstt. I land is altogether useless, being very knd having not less than forty craters on I land, therefore, available fur the settle- merely a patci* of six or seven miles long, i a quarter to nearly half a mile in breadth, Ike mountain-side to the sea, from whose ; is raised about forty or Hfty feet. From /the solitary residenee of one maii, Tristan iba, nas now a population of seventy-three, Of ~fteen are the children of old Gover- is; mad his children and grand-children to twenty-seven. His daughters are U thoufh very dark, and readily find ids. xou will be curious to know how they pm.^Tcry many Amet'iean whaling ships It lS|l spot for supplies of potatoes and some of their crews have from time to taiaed { and« unfortunately, a great ndm- ips hava been wrecked on the island, to iws the old governor has always behaved ser that does him the highest credit. A ^ esc people have remalDcd with him, aad rone on the island is Indebted to the good I for some favour, either a wife, or as«iat- building and stocking a house, for a f draft oxen, seme sheep, or some sold fftat kinri, so each person is nttachcd to strong ties of interest and gratitude ; ibeing parson, teaeher, doctor, and friend, \ itf afl with the utmost respect. Tristan if a perfect model of a rrpubUe— the ' simple, as you may suppose. Thus •oh on the island, in turn, supplies ahipa ~ tons, the profits of which sale are bin Id this' rule never deviated flrom, all are and happy. On the evening of our on, and^wc jiae o^ coq^peU^^ t^ Jenoi i^ . •ail on it, to the preju%3 of poir ptSMge,! <^,^) eluded it wo^ld be a sieving of time to stop i^^-^ the Cape of Good Hope and procure a hew oiaje^,,, This we did, and suled agdn for thie eattwiuri|f^,^, after a detention of four days. The onj^ ^'^^'l^, ^ tionwe experienced from theacctu^ihedmii^^ notonv of such a jpassage, was that of lying bjr j^ near the Island of Amsterdam, and, in the course '^ of an hour, nearly loading our boat with excel- ,^ lent fish. They wer?. about the size of the ood,^,^, and liad some resemblance to that fish. At ,' , length, on the Slst of January, 1816, W9 came| [, to anchor in Batavia Roads, nearly six month||' ' from the time of our departure from Salem. Tbc havoc which in former voyages I ha^' seen maoe in ships' companies by the fever. .:,, which is more or less prevident at this plaiie ar'^^ all seasons of the year, induced me to take nn-' common precautions to preserve the health of". ',^ my men. With this riew, I hired natives to go 'j'* in the boats, to hoist in the cargo, and to p6r- ''^| form all such duties as would cause an exposmt' T! to the sun. My men were seldom allowed to" ' go on shore ; and when occasionally such per- mission was granted, they refrained from the usual practice of seamen, of drinking to excess, although no alcohol was provided for them on board ship. The consequence was, that, though we were nearly two mouth', iu port, we had ho man sick during that time. While at Batavia, both the English and Hatch '; governors were present ; the former. Sir Stam- " ' ford Raffles, then surrendering the command of the island to the person appointed by the jm- vemraent of the Netherlands to recdve it. The rtvulsions in the price of produce, cattied b)' '^ the sudden changes in the poHtiral state Of the '; country, had been taken advantage of by aohie ' of the foreign residents, by which th^y a cq ui t^ '>' great fortunes. Among the nniblMsr, 1 %w -'"'' much gratified to find my friend Mr. Watt,'i ''" worthy young Scotchman, who was ca^^tain^ clerk in the ship Cronbetg, in wbi Triataas.*' .l^',•^:5rtr.^ nn .sns^jj. niimf,m-i-*'n ^tif im iK: •it f4»0 «??PM ness over their surviving shipmates, of which aeme traces remained even to the end of the passage. The trade wmd, which we took immediately lifter passing Java Head, continued so steady and atrong, as to carry us to the Isle of France in thirty-two days, which was a fine passage for our ship. From the two long visits which | had made to this place in 1794 and in 1800, I was as familiar with its localities as if it had been my home. These, on my present visit, were unchanged ; but these were all that remain- ed unchanged. Since. I last left the place, it had become a colony of the English by conquest. Tjngiirti government and laws had superseded those of France; and English manners, cus- toms^ and modes of doing business, were gnu dni^ making encroachments on those of the Ftrenoh inhabitants, which is not unusual virith a •abrogated people, rrhen their conquerors are generoos and conciliitting. It was soon apparent that an immediate sale of my vane could not be made, nor was the ob- ject sufficiently important to detain the ship. I therefore placed it in the hands of a merchant, and received from him an amount of the pro- duce of the island, equal to what he estimated the wine vrould sdl for ; and this occupied about the space in the ship which the vrine had done. These iuteirohanges being accomplished, we left ike Isle of France, towards %h^ last of April, for home^ The passage round the Cape and thence to Boston was a continued series of fair winds ni pleasant weather; and the only inddent irhA occurred, to break in upon the monrtonyi^' sudi a passage, was that of being boarded, vh«| in sight of St. Helena, by an FagUsh brig^l war, which was cruising near the north side^l the island, for the purpose of presenting m entry of vessels there during the detention i<| the Emperor Napoleon. The boarding officaf was very polite ; said his orders were positive J allow no vessel to go in ; that prodsion nil made at the Island of Ascension to supply i\m with water; and that, if we had not enough ti| carry us there, he would furnish us with suft^i cient for that purpose ; but we were not i| want of any thing. Our detention, tiie?efoiiI was but of short duration ; and, taking our ^ parture from St. Helena, we had a plesM : passage to Boston, where we arrived in Aagm 1816 ; thus accomplishing the voyage in safM? anci tq the Kpti^Bction of all mterttted thereui CHAPTER XXIII. ■TTv Effect! of general pence on eonunereial enteppriN . Projeoted voyage.— The Beaver fitted oot.-.i : trom New Tork. — Reflectione. — A toraado.— ft St PauVe hUnd.— >PeraaiBbacu.-~Uaaocc«ii attempt to tonoh at the Falkland lales.— Steeti Gape Horn.— Easy posaage round «^]!aU ati laland of Mocha.— Arrival at Tdcahuana.— K oeit of the authoritiea.— Contemplated roiiaUv — -A guard aent on board.— Communication «i the ahore prohibited. The general peace of the civilised world this time, by producing grertl commercial cii petition, made it difficult for the most eij^ rienced merchant to project a Tojrage in the chance of loss would not be equal to th gain. From this consideration, liter returi from Bat&via, I declined engaging in any ot^ voyage tiU the early part of the year liij when being at New York at the time inU ' fence reached there of a rev sonable {Hrospeot ei a happy result, tend to diiai- nish the sadness whidi a iccorrence to hoase invariably produced. Time, however, and the imperious duties of my station, gcadualiy les- sened the poignancy of these fedings ; and hope, ever-buoyimt hope, cheered the drwping spirits, by pointing to a period, though distant, at a happy consummation of my wishes. Our passi^ as far as the pandld of the Cape de Verde Islands, aflbrded no inddeat worthy of tufte. It was none other than the cdm, ua- ruflled smoothness of a summer's sea, which, lisr those who are impatient to make a passage quickly, is mnch more irksome than the boister- ous weather peculiar to high latitudes. While passing those islands, we experienced one of the tremendous tornadoes, so oonmon at this season, firom the African shore } and from the eflGects of which misehief may be averted, by the vraming they invariably give. By dewing up all sail in season, and scudding before it, we escaped injury. Such squalls are seldom id mora than half an hoar's duration, when a ealm invariably succeeds^ r^nerally for a longer pe- riod, during which the heat is oppressive, the atmosphere lifeleu, and the unmanageable ship is tumbling about in the sea caused by the tor- nado. Approaching the equator, we took the wind so early from the eouthwaid, that I was not without anxiety lest we might Call to leeward of Cape St. Roque ; nor were these iq>prehen»ions unfounded, as, on the 17th of August, we saw the rocky Island of St. Paul's, wlJch ia nearly on the eonator, bearing far to the eastward (tf us ; and ob toe 19th were but just able to wei^ ther the rugged Island of Fernando Noroaha. Having passed this isUnd, and oontinned oor course on a wind to the south-west, we had the Brazilian coast in sight on the 21st, and plying to windward, were, on the morning of the 2Sd, dose in vrith the town of Pemambuco, which makes a very pretty appearance from the sea* As there was no blockading squadnmhera^ we presumed that the rebellion had been quelled ; and this suspicion was soon conflnaed by information firom a vessel, which wo ^ke immediatdyfrom thence, that the royalists had, some days since, gained the ascendancy, and had caused the prindpal conspirat.V V CLCVBtAMD'H VOYAOBS (I iBtlve vRittifoa^ «t iMurliM ; to CMi< by toa^ irt-llMdoiiiiiBf;'rd«l^r«iin«d«n^lM(lolii9,if iot dtl'^Vfae' 8tU Of diiptatib«r, ^e W«^ in tfn^of Si; MaiyX iiL thirfi^ Iktbbifns'water^ the yttt^ th(^ x^ so mck and rain^, tihat, after lying to sevenl honitt ^th no indication of its clearing away, I conclnded to abandon the attempt, and witha faTonrable wind made all sail to tiie southward. To avoid being entiidy dqiendent on the authorities of the Chilian ports, that wo might enter, for the replenishment of our water and wnod, I was desirous of stopping at the Falkland Islands ; and for this purpose, steered a course that woiihl carry me to the westward of them, as long as the wind pemutted< This, howevei^ was not long i for bdTore wo arrived near their pandld, repeated and violent gales from the south-west carried us for to the eastward of thein. Satisfied that the time required to reach them would be unprofitably spent, and our neoessUies not being urgent, I gave up this plan, and pwceeded toward Cape Horn. After experiencing tiie variety of winds and wesAbfer which are peculiar to a high latitode, we were favoured, on the 25th of September, with a fine breeze from the eastward, before which we made rapid advances townrd the Cape. The breeze continuing the following day, had carried, us on so far, as to leave no doubt of bejflg up vrith theCi^e before morning. Having by a good observation, at noon, ascertained that our latitude was about ton miles south of thie Capot a course vras steered to preserve that parsUel |< and, with the advantage of a moon- light night, we pressdS forward, keeping a sharp l«)ok-fcra aotnally embayed. Immediately on this diaooveiy, the diip was laid to, while we nhKiously wftited for daylight, which was near atJband. When the light enabled us to distinguish ob- jects dearly, we found that if our position was not aetually hazardous, our safety was due rather id accident tiiaa prudence. Bamevelt's Isltnd was to the southward of us three or four nsiles,batwe could not weather it. Steering through a passage which opened to us between tl^ island And Cape Duoeit, with a fine breeze f|niHniUoirth-n«rtht«ast|W9 pafsed, within ihrc4 miles of- Cape Himi, at nine o'clock in the morn* ing, and at noon were wc or eight I^eum to the nvest^ard of it Thus, with a smooth sea, a breen to vhidi all our light sails, wieca sprei4 j anid with ease and celcri^t wn passed this ibr.i midable and pnyverlnally tinrrifie Cape s the m.! tural barrier and pledge, fw agos past, forthtl security of the Spanish possesions on the Oi\ lian and Peruvian coasts. The next day we qioke the ship Packet oil Boston, Oaptain HUI, bound to the coast A ChiU ; and the following night we had a gsleull wind from the north-west, which Inwu^t a| under reefed courses. The pravalenc!^ of nort|^| west gales inrevented our reaching tjbim Island « Mocha tUl the 15th of October.. In the hopei obtaining some useful information of , tbe ;. cal situation of Chili, we lay off and pp sev« hours, while the boat was dis p (S>(e!h f d for th purpose; but it returned n/ftw retxuuioiti the southorn and nastem parts.of.,the.is without discovering any traces of i|)|l|abit or any other animal than the wil4 borse. A supply 9$ water and wood bdng ^now u^ cessary,.I ddermined to enter tho^e^can siif was entering, and which proirQd^tiQ be the h sex of Nantucket, Captain RnssoU. A light air from the sQwthward ona^ed ust pass the Island of Qunoquina, whieh forms t southern entrance to the port; and sow it became perfectly calm- While th^usbecalme^ we were hoarded by an officarr wbp. had before boarded the ^ssex, and who^ steted the port was in possession of the patriots ; he was a patriot ofitoer ; that the royal flag i kept flying on the dups then in fiiU view, s| decoy ; that the brig Canton was in ,fort, i would be ready to sail for Salemintwp or tbi days, &e., &c. : all which: waa.falaOt excepti|| ihat the brig Cant>' demanded the ship's pap«Ks.. Hnvinfi ei these, and jremwkoA n dsltei^My- 9( the leiter, he was about taking .t|Kpi({j|ui|„io wIj I would not consent, and dftor some on the subject, he If^the ship, ll^stispici were now awakened as to the faelf stated i the first officer w^o.tv>ardf») lu j aMiough< roborated by the second, if unomt, their < " must fairly be presumed to be,misduevoiui AND COMMERCI<\i, eXTeKPRlSES. 103 ig whether it wm most judidotw to attenpft treat encl seek some other port, or to enter trating to our right hf treaty. la adopt* the flrei measure, it was to be considered, though we might succeed in beating off the nches, the only mode of annoyance they ate wliile the calm continued, yet tliis be with the loss of lives, and with a chance lilure. If, however, we should succeed in ting them at bay until a breeze sprung up, eh would enable ns to go out, the same id aid the ships of war to parsae us ; and [poM. no more rationally expect to outsail a than we oonld snecessfully resist her. in eiAer of these attempts might be as a justiAable cause of condemnation. It less obvions, that, if these ships were a the royal nai7, the royalists must pos- the ascendancy at sea, in which case, it probable that the port of Valpwraiao would Ckaded; and to be taken attempting to there, ^r having forced my way from ith a loyal officer on board to detail the B, could not foil to be attended [jKkastrous consequences, the other hand, howerer vexatious and ing the conduct of the government to- ^.'os might be, from the resentment they eel, on suspicion of our intention to traffic liose they termed rebds, such suspicion Hot to endanger the ^property under any stances ; and tiiore especially when there fthe most undeniable evidence of such as had been provided for by treaty, impressions, and in the wont event, ! royalists being in possession of the place, of the two evils seemed to be that of ^myself in their power, and manifesting liensionfbr the, result ; in accordance is conviction, I made no resistance to ittance of the armed men on board, who nt to take charge of ns. These, how. vere alleged by the officer to be put on "at our safetyi to guard us agaiaipt the 'who possessed the neigfabourlof ttiore Indi we were distant about one aule. a breeee early the next morning, we i antdior, and after making two or three ler the dbwotion of the pilot, anchored ontof the town, between the Velos stiani, men.ef*war. Here a guard f shore relieved those who first came on id here we were all eonfined to the proUbited any communieation with ft, or with our countrymen of tiie brig , #Udi lay near us. 8' let of t^e goTernment.-->Tlifl eirew re> oihrasponJlMi^s with, the Oovemor.— tag daagsr.— Vltft flrtou the aathoritlei.— Shawb of'lha 0«temMrv*^i>pti^fb> iilawset the nieewaeA Kaight- «f La, tagM nsolii^fniai.inpnmimepit \ , natar oTM rore^«ri.-TrvlffuAiM| cargo to the use of government. ui m It was now evident, that we could not k««« selected a port lin ttie eoait where so mudi aoa pidon of sinister intentions would he efZdted { where the rulers would be more hoetlle to us i et where, from the entire exhaustion of the military chest, there could exist so^good an ^^etogy Hat acting on the principle, that ** neeessity knowa no law." Hence it was apparent, that if eiver the property should be released, it pnbiAily wonld not be till after snch a protracted period of litigation in a Spanish tribunal as wonld wear out my patience, if not my life. We now ascertained, that the city of Concep- tion and all the eastern side of the bay were In possessson of the patriots, who, with a stnang force, were besieging Taleabuana, and dai^ throwing shells into the town j while the i«y«l forces, confined within their lines to the sula^ were kept on the gui vtve, by the demonstrations of an attack. ' : -' - On thefbllowing ds/, we werevirftcd hyaUIlM important functionaries e€ the govenUMnt, l*« duding the military governor, a sketeb oimhokkf which a compulsory aequaintanoe afieirwiidt' en^ abled me to take, may be property introduoad at this time. The suimme chief, or goveiwk intendant of the province of Conoeption, was Jos^ Ordonez, a European, but wlietiier m, At* scendant of the dne of that name, of whom faxv notmble mention is made in the history 4rf the renowned Knight of La Mandm, I oonld no* learn. He held the rank of colonel in < h» roya l army, had seen much service in the ]MiM0 mmi- and, firem having been a prisoner in Vta«4»i Im4 derived the double advantage of attaining 'M«i# knowledge of the FMaeiv lMgM|«, «iMl ol «e- qnlringthe happy mode ef appMprialtav Hm piy>perty of others to their owrt fU^Mttm uMy wUdi so distingrdshed that aaUoit' tt^^tlM 'tiate of his captivity. His mattaen wtire thoae «f • gentleman} and Ms ehaneteip • oonnteifart «• that which Tadtua had drasm ofTlbaiiBS^ Hk stature was rather below uldAing i hie 'phyaies^ nomy dark and HsrbiddiBg. Hii<«ye^Udat^tttmtnt, as he was entirely destitute of any me iiUhe qualifications requisite, except an en- - tire vrant of principle. His appointment to the bttm of assessor must have been the eifeet of Mind partiality, or of that chance which oflRsred lio selection, or, pn^bly, of the presumption, VbMtf in to obscure a place as Tdosihuana, no dflldal duties irould be required of him. The last, though not the least influential oha- laeter, among my visitors, was the commissary flf tife army, Don Mattias de la Fuente, the AtiM 8tlyes of Talcahuana. Though a native of tfah country, the king had no subject more devoially attached to his government, no one mho was a more bitter enemy to ^e patriot etccoMi 1/nth the manners and urbanity of a gfetlemaa, he combined the dupiidty asiii onn* kring of a 9panhili courtier. He took no other reiponstbiKty fai the measures pursued against tni^ tlkan to repre sen t to the government, that Ihiere was no money in the royal chftst, that he %as deatittlte of tlM means df paying the army, ir&Ofee arrears were so great, and whose necea- iitiea were so urgent, that aymptoma of discon- tent aitiotog thrai w«te daily manifeated, and Uteit waa no oithttr resource for the alleviatioa '«f that evil, than to appropriate tlie cargo dnced by the mere accident of falling intoi handa of thoae who poaaeaaed but wttHy nfj dent power to enforco their viewa, while f inhumanity would not heaitate to take my 1 tf necessaiy for the furtherance of their I knew, too, that they were ignorant, evenj the existence of any treaty, by which the i were secured; and entirely reckless of qnences. All these conspred to plunge i into an abyss of misery; to prevent a pr ao gloomy, ao oppreaaive, ao inught with < that the aituation of one oonaciotw that hit ii waa limited to the next oetting aun, appei enviable to me. Such proatiratioA of airirit, however, wa but momentary duration. Thia waa neither^ flrat nor second time that my prospedij life had been involved in equal darkness, i had been auoceeded by days of aunshine; though I could not now perceive any chana extricating myself, I felt such confidence tbi way would be opened, 4hat I soon recovered^ elasticity of spirits which is necessary to em success in any enterprise. Revolving in my mind the various whiah might possibly occur for the recovoj tlaa propoty, the tot, aktda vaty probablir «aa the asrival of the Ontario, which, frti^ AST) ro.HMBRCIAt RNTSRI^RISES. \9ei I fo the Tpapen of the time of her Miliag the United Statctt might be daily expect- I and her preienoe would hove had aa knao> tendeney to cause ite relcaae. The to* was Om known increase of the patriot and the hope that they might become of the phice before the condemnation lie ship. The third was thi; hope and ex- that the viceroy, aware of the inoom- of the anthorities at Talcahuana to m maritime cases, no less than of their of moral principle, would order the ship aa. bese were the means which presented tome chance of escape firom the immediate lorn under which I was writhing. A more I prospect was that of the interferenoe of Dvemment of the United States. I did not that a demand would be made for this /, which, nnd« existing circumstances, be complied with, though probably at so a period, as to make it ik little benefit These modes of relief, however, being to myself, were not agreeable to me, nor ty fturlOTn situation ever reconcile me to lea of being indebted to foreign aid to ex- I me firom my embamasments. 1 CHAFTBR XXV. lennhiation.— -A taste Ibr liberty.— EMape < portion of tho cnw.— Comaootion in the I.— Soapioion of the onthoritiet^—TlMir 1 Tigilanca.— Noiay tontriea.— Snrcb for u— A litdo more Iiber^.— Arrival of a liah frigate.— Mortifying poaitlon.— A plan of ). — ^The aentriea put to sleep.— A bold pro- -Reatons (br it.— 'Cooperation Af the crew, ■apidons eireamstmee. — Praparstiona tat Dg the Spanish flrigate.—I>sfeat of the project. irksomeness of being oonfined to the I of the ship, after a passage d one hiUr id ten days, was very great; and the me of arriring at a besieged place, where ' fresh provisions nor vegetables were to ' , though oiroomstanoes in tiiemselves compared with the loaa of the were, nevertheless, so provoking, M to an impatience md irritability, while ation, whioh was oooasionally ma« in such disrespectfid and even insulting as often to break off the ivoceadings ; netimcs to provoke a thveat o^ imprison- The questions were put by the assessor, the medium of a sidlor as interpreter, ' either language so imperfeetly, thad 6eq«Mit oeeasion to oorreat him. lious and often ludicroas bnsinaw was with me about ten days; «fter which, mates, boatawaia* and two aeMpea, tuma aubjeoted to « like tedioue «x> »n. ■\(KMU«*rt/ Needy a month had bsen epeai ia this wait and we had not been pennitted to go on shoMti or to have aay WMnMaiwtirwi vrith t haCa at o n fa men. At length, the eMminatjoa befaig Anid^, ed, orders weie given that wa ahonld ha porant- ted to go oa shtwe for eureiso and racwationt but at a diatance firom the town, and alwajra guarded by a soldier. We had hem in the en- joyment of this indnlgenoe hot a tnr dqn^ when, OB the I5th of November, the boatawain, carpenter, elerk, and three boys, being ashore in the jelly boat« dudad the vigiUace of the sol* dier sent to guard them, esci^ed in the boat* and were half-way across the hay towards the enemy before the alarm was given. As soon aa it was known on board the raea-of-war,aUthdr light boats were seat in pors|ut ; and althoufl^ t^y ai^roachcd so as to be finally within aana^ ket-sbot, and kept firing, yet no one was in* jured, and they reached the shore in safety. Their efforts had been watched by the patriots* and upon their landing, a party of oai«lry a^ peered, to receive and protect them. The ^p'a boat was recovered and brought bk«dk by tba pursuen. This was an event which, as might be expect ed, set the whi^ populace and garrison in ooain motion. There were no epithets too bad for us ; the belief was current that we had an u&< derstanding and communication wiUi the pa* triots, and consequently that there ooj^ to be no hesitation in confiscating the sUp and cargo* and putting us in prison. It waa fortanate uir me that, at the time the alarm was given, I waa with the governor, who, far a moment, auqiect- ed me of being privy to it ; but after a little ra> flection, and my assurance of innocence, he ito* knowledged having done me injustice. Never- theless, the guard on bowrd had osdera to JM more vigilant ; additional sentries were plaoM between decks, who, by passing the vrnrd fiwm one to another, and thence to the aentriei op deck, kept up such a continual hawlim «11 ni^t as mi4e it impossible to deep. The spanker aad fbrett^noaat st«ym9, wludi had been k^ bent to fMQitate in kaeping f devr havTse, were now unbent and taken away. A aeurch waa made for anai* aad dvoy mudiet, pisti4, aabce, aad boarding-gJlMt tney coold find removed. This exceisivftomitJkMifma annoyance lasted only two or three d»yt^ wtifa it gradually ceased, and we h«d even. inTce 1^ bwty than before the oocurrenoe. Kod doMlr in^ that our anus would be taken away,:i|a)«|4 u«ed the precaution to secrete as mpny liitoly and sabres, and as much powder and btitii a» ^ waa possible occasion mi^ deuuu>4, and these remamed undiscovered. On tiia 20th of November, the loy^ nATit foroe waa augmented by tliie pirival, firom l4i|M^ of the frigate Veiuauua, of fof{lg:.four gunii) a«d the brigt of war PaauciA and F«tri|lo. Iltwe tilMa a month liad eUpsed sin^e^itur firivil ( tffi. ao little had been done toward a deciapoa in opyr . ctMH IIniI ti« Had itMMlMl AViAiMn* * Kin tb M 4«vliM MM In tlit i^irMMl imimm ')!«•) vm m\»m (tSMtA hf mm* |MtMi«rf vilMfft, mttttltM, tf M«l )r«ir«, mnil tNMm iiwtty N^r* 1 ^tiM i«tt«iMin)r tuMM*! to b* |Hi»vlMii wyeh won rv^iiltMt fbr mv ow« JuaiifloMtioii (n ouNtMrt Mil «iitl<*r4 %ntdl, ImM br tb« lmi|r train nf «v(b wMcK vntnliT Inevitabijr rwiill In m« Hmtn tW« l«M of IhU prMmijr, tNd ilHv«n to tiMIMrtUM hf Mf tMbUitir to B«n>titr« •«? |M«iM«t «r i tomdwitkiii to wot mlMrjr* I ^rWM nHiMf^UOHi til tn rt to flnM Ilt)fttt1f» M M «v{| of leu mugnttoile, tnd th«r«(TiN *»■ t«tmW«d, If t cnubt IniluM nir m«n to Join m«, to pat In «iemitbm ft ttiftn wbli^h t hwl luiifr nhs itttoMMl, tMd wblttb, Uu ftU r«volMtiotHU7 moT«> Montti, wotttd b« il«emK%r wbore oor thtp >nu Ant unebored, 1 had • WethH «niMiontl| of ootleing the ftltMoee of pMfHt Vki ovdiMitjr dlwi|»line. Diirinf more tbih i toMlh t pftood tbe Deotrer'i de«k ev«ry nt|hl, oRlM onU) the middle watch hod neftriy VMM ftwiyt tad obftervod, UmI more thtw b*lf mn ^« Hi* iMtriee were m dedeient in viRi* tUMbk ftl 10 be iMtted eeverel tfrnee before an* eWfMWg. PoreeMnf tbe tdtMtofee tiiftt mitbl nudtli ff t «D^d lubitttttto mjr OMwer for thtl «f tKe MHlrYon boftfd oor eblm I ofVm took the iNMil^Mdfomid mjr "0krNf* to be M eur- imt M IMMI of the SMnl«h leolry. I Mlleedt MAi lfti«r of ftaeertftiniag Che foftrfbiUljr of fM iri % iMMtocy our gwnl of twenly eol* dlll% t IriliA iW ft&Mrimenl of litdnf them ft «|i «r gM([( Itfsod WiHi ft little kftttdftnu«» wbleh Ml IIMil Ml iMft ift pnfooad ft aleep fereewHrtI MMIli* II to |N oi«illM«oftt>ol of Ike sbto I A iJKWlftilbftli wbH^ wot eoueedod tmm their I ^ nf "otw^e** ftmii^ iw Hniof ihe rtKVtl.Attn'i vnYAtiti ifOHv Mm pIftN t liiM(fMiniiil)MM«t HrtifiMt, I ImH fWiwtoftT irt^ftitoafti^ ftiid my Zttft^'^ W jMtft of^r #oM^ iMMwr to mMh^ lipHl %ftliUt ftUpi of WW, H ftiK ptlfti%JNK#l if ft tewMftMftOMMrtwdtf fimmML, 'vimm^wm ^wo iwmtaibi, wo mit^ tolpft tM Bift|PBJftp|> fty» byo TMe t hod «w w r ln lw»d to fw ibit Vi'iijtftifj (Inve to finiiMwiilitii f4 ihi* iibl|;, N wpitlit nntf.f OMlf« mote f'wn two nr ihte^ htitthi hffnrx »,| immild hftire itftnmhl b«^to NUfhof In (h«* lut < Mk Vlneenty whifh U nnlv NHhitl ll^it ntllr^ i iHndwftrd of Tiili*iihminii. Abmit m& tnllp i nf tbta \mf wi>ro vmNrntftitd the fNtrint (or VI •leRintf) iimtr» the rnHitniindi*r nf wht(«li (Vj^ nm (hii to p«>'ree(¥«> the Mnmtftfe whl«ti tnnn wonid hftvethnn thrown Ih Mnmwft inA wn tnM no time in fomithinf thi> number of miiii r qnltito Ibr the permrmaliM of IH« nMom dtii^ nnhoerd. Tl«m(> i^miM htMnbiHli^, Mid n r«t4 t«t TftlmkhnMnn r^fhieted in tWlr« mttin fhtinil time of hftirtof left there, If nCMMiiy i btii k] INidMMe A Mw AddMiniiAt hfmr#mi|Nt luittt required to N.\|«««t the mnde of )tttiee«dthf . trinnroiM end HimnHiineniiii AttActi, hy (hi« | vnte on one lidOt ftitd by (he pfttriot Armf^ Ihe nthoA wmtid (HinM (h« ittiven^ off town end Khipttln| In ft very ihOH ftlM. t Ahmihl then hftve gNlned itMNMtOn of t ItiHivfT, with the nHfieipftl MM of hcr tergnt nn bnerd. Bnl thtl cohimnteil otdy a ir IMrt of my |dAn. Th«i midh bM«M Vrii thnu revoltttloiiiae ihe kingdom of Peril] ftnd tof f(Bf t thia perpnae, the wey ipiwarea to be i And not very ditncnlt, If icoNid tttduee tii«( linn |<*nerAl to fttmilh m« With the rcatt^ number of men \ whieh, ai they were no m wantetl el TideAbiiMift, It wae nreinmAltIt I would rimdily do. With tbi^ VengtnKA il mAuned, end before th« |Kiellhltlty of mufi eoont of theae traniftetloM reftchhig iM hl^ Adlng aqUAdron off VfttOArftiib, t Vn>uld p thither with RpAniah eoloura flying, iheer able the tiommodore'a ahtp, the BamerAliii, | fore Iboae on boftrti hftd ftny auapieioM of di •nd tftke her, pnobftbty withitot toaing a i The briga of war eompoatng a part of the bli ftding fbree would then aurtenderwtttiotitj aiatftnee. When I hed thai been the tneana of p)« in Ihe power of the GhtliAn govert^meM I whole uavaI force of Peru, my pM«6flftt i would bo no tonger neeeaaify. VM tntftll ftdvantAge to be derived flrom It ilbiitd Ml to be penoived end ftokhowtedged by WH Tbo meftoa of retoNrthmlaing PMrn wtfoM hti in Iheir power t end If promptly end bidiif ' uaed, emdd herdly fftil of iiifieeM. To pn ihe poaaibiUty of eieApe ' of 'ftliy IhtelligcM^J Ihe Pftravkmti ftnd while tm Mel WAa prep fbrtovAiioii, ftnembftrg wootd be tndispenii Aa It would bft oh^ooa to the OMltftn ment, thet their chMMo of aiieeealrwo\itd'i deponft on diapftteh, Itif preftOffliMe' that i Ihftii 4Ndhiftry eibrta wouM be mftde for xiti tAtoAaent of thh obieel. Birtetln|1he bRTofQ tftOwMh Sptftiah eoMUrl flying, trie peopMiT lo«»«woiiM iMiNfedlftMdy YMomhe their i •Mpft) ftnd « they had hftd, fbr AioiurHine.iI AMD' COMNRlKftfAik NltRK. m tniiilmr irn "hr «MiM< wdmIiI Hmr im MMpl. [,«(onor Uieir iMtiMff in pMMMik* of Mm mmmf. ^Thty wmildi iiunitkir; W» labMi dampliiMlf^ try 'liulmMi Mora nNNHrvring fretM wMnbi fh« l/hUiMM WUUllI iui«« tHNHIIIM MMtim ol Um Ibr* _i, si Ik* Umm, Mid wf tb« ahiMHif. TbiM» Mnid Uy> prMtura of tmhr i tmit t wtr« 1/ tyltlla kvmfm\ up wilh Ihe pruipt B t •# • la tajr aflliin i iioMibijr • lirllllaal om, radttctiiiB to AutM, to ftirtuiie, to tlio vInm. ittinl vi mjr tMrMoutors» bimIi mora gnMf- _ i\kUk ■U« to Um raatontiuii of their |»0|Mrtx .'iuy •mi^loym, wttti altuiulMit •dvantap. tlM dtMBCnt* OMMUrti tiM aKflMtloN of wMflh ^w 0Msu|M**ii nr stMiiini m wtU « mjr waking I, tit whieh tM Uvfs « mjrMlf mmI MMidatM, . Wdl M IboM ol iniMoetit liNUiith Muatn, b« i«iqwnUMil or Morillmd, I was •wire \m ttowod bjr ■oina m high-lMiMlsH* law- aad irfrattcati bv oilier* aa a Just ratalla- \ fbv tUa iiiiuriaa I had •(ilbrad i and, Ifjr ■ BUinbaf, aa Cavourlng the «0SHta of an iMil peepUt tm the OTartbrow of a deepoMo (inMii^ and Um aatabUabniaal of a Ubaral K iU itaUt bifldjr eeioiueodabla. 1 16 iwronva or feat tha full foroa '•! the irib bjr whwh I waa^aotuated, It it pnmor to ,to aoma WMiMe in my iMnative, airaady f ifd,— Mch aa» the fruit .of maair jreara of aiy baltti awapt off, and mfiolf aod reduced to ppveity, by the robbery of ] a44i«a«a4^ Maotlonad tiy a wicked jadfa j-Adniiralty, without a juatUlaUa aasM, i vtolatipn 0? tlie law* of natioM i D«xt, the .1, meaa, aod oowaidly maoMf, in by df^er «l Xapotaon, my veaMl and rara ijidan flrotn ma by Murat i and now, at b*^n| viotatad any law, or daviaiad in JfliM (irom tlM tenor of tha eaieting traaty, [i|i|in jitrviMd of my property, redueed to ana goaded with tha proipect of the In of eviU which were Inevttable. Let aud deeiily-Aiatreeaing wrongs be &i home to the breast of any one ; and if not Qonsidered euflloient to juatify the 1 6n which ( had determined, they will li ^t(*^ pxtonuating it. ediUaiy after the augmentation of the meniloned to Imve taken place on* of, JNiwemiMri ju«h. MCttaity area felt ^i^thQrltitp of TaMuuna, aa iodaoad retonA,tq tha B«av«r har ahi^'a com* ao, ,excepj\iu|p thojie whoihid aaoi^ed to ] hf^beao iMptftajidavMM final the »Vr apival. ^this naa • mMiwa X had \ aM bvit for f^Uali tha pla^ laaal en aoaBdo;Md, aa I had im aaeaaa ta Jiway from the abi|^ rdAyai^c.tha animc' thaVaagaua, vaaaalf oC wy put to aaa, leaving 1p ii4aa tM ahlik^only tha Sabaatiana* a vefMh Tha activity and aatar* ^ , waa auch aa to iMka a la- i o( ail tha oMa Utqr aonld vava 8 Mm Mlpa m WIf , to MMUL MfMlg NM MBM^ Um fn\ti^ AM of llM Imn. 0» lUa diny. and tm thai hMolM ilMwhan^ ao mmf mm wmra nm mm n, that Um Vn«taM waa ailMi hrfl wtth alMn of a iMbdNd oft bMrtli an4ttM oMwaf tha nthef alilp wai waaatfted fpfopattfanH aNy. Tha Mme, therelpra, hid now mmA to Hialufa Mm plan, and to pnl It In aaaaftUon wMh tha hMat deiavnoealMa. The graat MAciaey and aaattofl ntanblta to tw observed In aomdlag the man^ aod u aaiartiiii Inf If thoy woald engaga heartily In tha ^enlani plated enterprise, must he obvioua to all wha an oapahia of appreelaMn| tha danger of trMthig to salhara a aaeret tnvOlviaf m body eould hear oa, I began by eaoraaahig my aalisfaction with their conduct since leaving Naw York, and my regret at tiM miafortona wa ware now aofbrlog, to which 1 oould paroalva no proepeot of an end. I then obaerved, that aa It waa alwaye an oh)aet vrith ma to proaMia, ai much aa waa in my power, tha httpgHMm and aomfort of tha men uadar my oommaad* I trualad thay warn aatiaflad with tha treatment thay |Md raeaivad from me thua fhr{ towhkhthayratdQ|r aaaaoted. Thah eurioaity aaaowd now to ht alive to hnow what was eomhif next t pareeiHai which, I aaaorad tham of my eonvtetlon 1^tttS ship and cargo woakl ha ooddamiMd i oi wUMb they alao aaid thoy had no donht. I apoka to tham of the outrage of thia act, paifbmad by ignorant blookhcads hi defiaaee of t M^ififtli treaty made with their kioa } ttatid to thi% that though reaUtuthm would ha nnd^, U woiUa ba ao kmg flrat, aa to be Uttla heneflciil to fti| that wa had no other proepaet befera oi Hum behig Mtte a atianM land, vrHhmi tbf MMiMi of anpport ) thai tamenr to aidMUt to audi ervritb while any maana o/ itdroM wia Wttttn^ read^ sronld ho dJagracaftfl; that any Inaiiiifihn howavav vhdant, for axtrleallnfii otuadtofj 1|wt, not OBiy JoatiOaUa, hot mecttotxkmai'ind tttt^, by a wett-tfanadand hoU effinrl, w« ooida 6Uitm tor ouraelvea Uberty, fortuna, and Um ofiaalba ' iHenrafour ana ml e a. They dadSind« UmI no- tliing wanld plaaaa them batter fhift fo rnajp i4i a«y phm by wWeh thav eooU gat dmci tiMaa &ty Spanhwda^ and gfva tham ia jmtA wUpping, ha whiah, MMy aai^^ their kneir !«» maaafUMBaatairvraiilheavMhrMft. ' IUM»alaladtotlMa»myaOMMIoa vi ^ pmaUoahUity af tm MaUHOwnh^ mmMk t#M dtiMtfthANnti v^nr^nM ^ \m <^«fff«HH«^ til it«^ hft^tMf t^n^r**^ ^ iftw« «t «^M^ «HftM MvMt iHMt- hlik¥it limi^ wt» ^m\)» tw>^ kwt^^ t^hmr «♦*»**♦ »K«» «Nf *>»f««^ lw«ttinw»«i> wtt^ H^tw Mnw «tlM M HH *HVmM«th^. M Hf *)i»«hi'M^ hmA YWNp^^^x**i^ Id's WWif wT iwMW ^^^^ l^^^i^WMf •tMHUM^It, 1lHHr« im% WltiWi •l^ltwIviMK MttU »Ih> twit M*Mt«4M MtlW««t| ttlMtltH unit lntMi^«Nf|ii nf «iHHlrtW, pumIiI mi Uvf \u^ ttvtti^ Wt««)« WKlllint *i^* H«H>k« t «MW>«Kil In ♦lMM« ♦h»' i»tiWi ImiiHf , T« |nt>tt»tmi rtmmiMMinnd. iMItt fttttMiltMMt PVtltHtrr »!«•» t NtinKt MOijr i^n. '«»M W .|». vmMtm i^H, unit «i^NtlMf Nfti^htt tw (M«HM)tit)rii, li« tilWMtWiw. o« MMrtlnKt I H»«vmmr»«i»«d tn «tt»t«t hs In» ttfllani iti m«tilti*«tmli tiltMr»f(«ii t«i tK« i|t«rH^tM«» HT tItR «kiliH tht* tiimn I In ttw it«|r Mr HbHtt wl^cn mimi tfrvnintH^il tu «l». •i»tt«<#« i>f mi»«, thf j»l»»^ rtf ili<)m«H t»f uMitll •^m^ Mniti |pMtitr«U(r, iMT #vi»vy ihlnft wtttdt tlmuiti Intil tw »W nwt^wi^tMl *i*MMMt«ll(ihm«Nt «l Mill «Kn| (H vl»», AHttnttllh I ItMtt Hit M|t|t|vhDH»bM« hf AHir tin*- 14{ mt Vkwmhm i^mvltm tt'iifHWl* jwl t« U «l«ti««ii' tttMt ttlHT In lt«H||HH>t «it «» WHiH|r InitlvlitniiU i mhi*. t»hi>ti» llf^ U iHVoltvd.lm MMl«t«» MiHInnt if (Htnibtts to llU Hrwi ttt J i«iv« HHllty. It h*rt Whh «W»^> titM «« 9«li«lij^i {» MMlMnn In lH« nn'n *«H|nlml fttr lltn unfrnml mMmm mi^ RltnwH In \k» m tltmit (ttr w>\\m\ mipNlt mh) lH«n In lltM nAntitrntn n( 9»iniU;t| ntiMi titr Ihi^ ntMtnn^ w«nt> K^nklMt tiMHNi^Hh am^ I Ihim iMt* thlM. Unntttt^ir •Ainn«Hni» mtn, U «« ii|[ti>«4 «nui ih« iMnnw llntn n)i«>N ln« ntltKi w»nM Iw m««<«» Mlh »« wH^nrij nC iMit h^iiii UMA Mnt «rllH • (^ invi^nHfti n( kimhmm, U n now 11in««^A)r« «ntlliti> Bumitur M«iii«tUMH|t«t tbtvmlnmt «m m th» tkf t~lU gtnidt iit<« in |nni«nt iIrj^^m \ipMi«h t«« w«it) bt Hpm liM^ w «tw»ih. lit* tn»»trimtin| Iwm rtnyn *ri»w In KiiMt Mntl«if« b«l MHMi^ iiiM)4di»to Mr tMn ^nntinwftllnn nHnnM ik«i»ri tii« nttollUiliil hU MMt I n«» fSkU^r ni|N«HnniMi tittH " l ii Kn ni n m« ttcUMD t»f « tl»«(MlKtl >' MMtM tnilhiliiiito Ah» lV«kW In lemimk t «nill lb* MnKi nf m«H, |,lVi» n> M \\\\\\lt MM(|tVMI« mMm IkMt liM M«(«n» iMr nn («iMH««tiiiH«*^ l>« VHiky I WM niMti)4«il nmt v4 i\w lii;) wrtMng hMlMt} Ut m^ *«M ^HUk M UhI« «bMM» nt fti«tM| iMjrM. on «MiiiM|t«nM(^itkMi« M«l ntMniiKlk m mm] ^i¥cf m^ ioimaAttMMil Wpilth I Mnt Um N*«i? DkvMKMi ttT AmAiKf IM wtvtftHniit Awnim tH«Mn ; V|i M I)m cottiiMtyv ttt wN»«tu(tl l«> h« r«>"' «(«• MitttMWi (Vh tW «n>wi M >*w lll«t/lt. r«»tlH»»»l«1«IIK». IIM Mil Hw'tiH iliiMWntInn, MmMUnni. <\\M fet» •♦»• M« ihf MmM r wHtAK littns i^lMf ««<■"( Hi U «I»iiIi«ii M>«i «H4 nfiM LmMM. U«l \«t£ ,1 Itl i>t« till I Kli ^^ tit** (h^lr NfHn ^ri> ttt li» l*M> t hM ti«t|Mtrm Nl ltl« tmuHMH* AmmIh^i ht «mf>»iHii< I, MO »1«H If't^miHm' WUH WJllItt !»«• Mil* M^MtH Hf If «|l"i««»ltm| Ity |». tl»l» (HIH l«« Mil HH" ItMMit HMrt l«Hlllll»1»'» #lllH» U *t» WllHf iMMilfi •'lht(ii*»' «» Hil»«««nw»M of ♦l»»«ypi»f. witU'lt tirt(liln|| of H<»* ItlHtt «««Hi hp \wn$\nra HmrwIrtUt ♦«»• Ii«m im li(ifm»i«y wHI» ♦hn r^rt« \ HM HtM^J-tHltUlh* Af H«M M'»'l»i»«k tlti» i m fArlv tlill Ih Mtt* MftnK «t*it(*HiilHly Hi J WtmHH'ilHI^t !♦♦♦♦ fMllV Itf »»»♦» ♦«♦• »rt»«« wf ♦!«•• liint, Mi«>t In MiHlit« «tty Html iirfAn(t«^«*Hlii wHH fiif lltU |ttir|^«tms MftK fl(it«hln|mt «iiiti, H |tfH»ttl»«» Itt r»«lt«fH lt« ll«>' rtttMWWtH WllH M l«i» Vfl^ltfil l(» iHif'rtw, f wnlkHl llM* frl|tlil«*li HH 1«(tni> Wtitt (ltl> iHNft^t Ktltl ItMl H* fl»4l< Nft ItlHliy M milll fWltnitlNt rirHldllllllt Nil ftiO KNil(4H« Whl(«H Wl>r(> (IflpHNttf, MHfl Wlll(«h IIIMIHCHI^ ♦« (♦•mvlMHr HH-. ♦Iiill' If HMI' IflfH ft>«otN(i< Il4«*t« «rii(i m ilniiiit (tf II riimirAlili> nt no miittv m(*h Rhmihi c^r ili* miMinnntt, lit J i)»Hg«Mfi (tif tiltt|l M tHt* IHHiA tlll««*i If «VM Ml Itiil (h« tAHlmi'R Wm(« wHH hntr ttti* %\m ol men, t\\m*A Up M\\\»g alttiMt nnnr I M|m1i$i Altd Cmt tAfliPh ttii^y unw Hip n^ntpr'n il» wilU Um tothAt tiktf, gu lit IliP «(lirl«(«iit-(1 of lUa likiu, lh«)r •hotikriit i, IwrfHnn ili(M(< iIiKIpr, iHif, wllh tho M»* IIIM41 itftttii hiii(iR« Ittowlnf Aitmif «HHi of i)',We iMNiH hn w«1l ttniter urijr ft«ror« 111 ^ftHiUI tM vlirm fin hMird th« dfihiil' Stieh Wli iM g(»n«niV fitn, i*hi«h, Af > niUil liH^ bMit vnrttrf W <^nttttg«n0l«a H>il«lw>. ItKK |itii( It it'elHflk iv1f«n T l(^ (hfl f^igHfl ' tiifrtdH to thil n«liv«r; Nfid (lif ««h1I»««Ii I Wlll«)l|#«l Mm* INNHMtftlMll *hm |«l**ln|| flMitttti ami llm HiHI aniihftti #l»li«li ill-i« ♦wmfrt lif bhIImm ffil'a.|i««r(»i imMI fHi* ««iit hH^ |)ii««i>il M)<^ tttfrl«liiini rnifl fMi |ir lit Mtti«> f«ir 114 1 wii tHiirfiAt^ii iMlntlnlAu fffftH tliH iinpfttinf t'l Mt« ■«(M>r« tin li(Mir«l^ whli*ll tnnn Hiifl Min ilf«lr«>il pffm-i, niM dtirllif fti*> nffiirttnnti th«>r» «>«ii«lH n«« nMiwflff t« (tii# AtmlHf nilr«i4fni«iMii |irf<|tiiriifli«n n* mir I^Htiirit, llnl tlm ifiitiwMiir]^ #lnil «*iiHi«* finl I unit U mtnt hi* tlMvM m m fiM nmi-liNlilii fNH, lliiit iH N f\i^ mht^r*, iH tlii« «0iiiiMN nf Ht# yMir« m •Hiihi uniHIi winil bktiv* nN ftiK ii««irii||i« iilnM#«>n Hut* mil nf lwi^l:y, wM uliniilil IliiVK fhlii t{nf nn\f IIhM Mm frnm (Ini ♦mrMittHfil Mill oiilifi*. TltiM ♦»«■« wn cntnitHMi lit » ♦•nil** wvw HfWrh i»i» hurt n« iwittnl, t« iti>ft>r Mtn i>tix>iiM«Mi >if ntir ptn^ti tm amMm* WM»V< IN nnr |tn>iif illM^tlnlmMtl. fl^ffliMa nf tlm «ltMH|h««lftffii#lif. ftftn|(|rr«»tM NflMft Iff fll«iif<>«|)!tt(|iimfM dlNH) fif iNNiltli.'^AnNlfMf «»)it«|H)al fWtM lli«> tliwialon.— PrufirMH nl lh« fulrlnt mum !• OhllL— NnydUt ntiiif»*r«;«tn«tr(i.--A ri«# Ju^iik -^MofiM rnflvMl.'- f iiHull bt i(i« Pnlrlolir^ 'l'li«lr di>Aia( «( tulin.— trtMAiiflif of (tin KhjkU III!.- 4 MaflMiiU tii^nliiifMy «f iMi (loMf Ift.o^f 'Mw«Mf (ftnntmfff MtMtm wntiM nol af Mn otem* I tiAd lim>n «in» itaya t»ll)i IIm iwiwcN wi a n g n tf a)itirnN(«filntf f%im, wtildti 1 aiHki a t n wwii i« «v«M Ity ^nl(f ba»iilnt« Itiilr imMMNicMfntty^ On iMi dtf (f III a i l qtrNi itii4 fmdaftM < k i 1> ri w iii > Mitf M waa tiifl Mil MMHiy HIm MfrtrMofi rif « w«alt rtial f «wnlii» tif $1111 cwHMrtottafidaa nl my aMiw* Mnn, Id MiM Hlannriify IImI f wm ir«ry iU| MmI f WM In my Mfl, iHtli Hm wiMnM^ mi4 thai mf iMt Wftffl vnry a«f a firMM 1ti« afitenl nf HHMfln. ThfMt Ml wf>H M 4Tia rmfoMl* mtAki\m$4 tutM K^MifinMI ny ItiA Mifgann of tlMi MliwiMHif 1 1l0M#lltl| Wnff tiNn MMM iMMMnwl|' MiMllfit ■till kind, from IImi Aral, ami to ivlMt% 1ft Mf MmN||[0, I ran m|i|mM(I i^fiMya OT' cpiyMlnflMS i*pltli#lii (Myftf r niM iMwin mnhnimI fipnni tMi mmmm idfnnr nf hmlili, la MMh mtMni* wMhtuMN it wnnid tiaration fn transporting the baggage, the royal army begs ij its march in pursuit of the patriots.' They mtm a fine appearance, as they moved forward vji all " the pomp and circumstance of gloriot war," and with a confidence inspired by a beli^ in the superiority of their own prowess and & cipline, and the greatest contempt for that^ their enemy. The governor intetidente of tlr province of Conception, and successful defeniic of Talcahuana, now advanced, for that defend to the grade of brigadier (ordonez), aecompanM the army, as second in commahd ; and from tk very contemptuous manner in whidh I had t quently heard him speak of the patriot fnrc« he coidd not expect to meet much oppositio or much of that toil, priyattbM, and danf which usually attend an iifivadiitg artny. In their march to Talct, which is about hit way to Santiago, they uici with no iiiterruptit* but, soon after leavingihil .town, they camt f sight of the enemy. Theire was Mme akin# . ing between them on the Hth and W* March, and on the 18th kp 60tisideiMble vM rere en^ageu, and we piktnots so much out- k»inibered, aod, by their resistance, so disap- jtinted the hopes and expectation of the royal tmmanders, as to convince them that a coup main, or successful stratagem, presented the ly chance for their own safety. Consequeotly, ith a desperation justified by the danger of ttr position, they made a sudden, and, to the temy, unexpected attack in the night of the 1, and with such complete suece^ as to take , their baggage, twenty-nine brass field pieces, four or nve thousand muskets ; they killed , wounded lietween two and three thousand and dispened the rest so entirely, that remained no obstacle to prevent their pro- ling directly to the capital. A victory so plete, St.) important, and attended with so ag loss on the part of the victors, corres- }ed with the expectations of the royal ge- at the outset, and tended to confirm them leir contempt of their opponents. |ie cause of independence in Chili now ap- id to he desperate. There seemed to re- B] no chaiice of recovery from this tremen- iblow; and to submit to the mercy of the iterora appeared to be the humiliating and i^alternative. But, fortunately for them, the tion and confideuce of the royal com- Bra was such, that, instead of pushing on capital, while all was dismay and confu- lowith nothing to prevent them, in true 1 character wsy remained inactive six days Tliis gave ample time to the discom- .patriots io secure a xetreat, to collect •catte^ed. forces,, and to combine, within a aites of Santiago, an army which still out- $red that of the royalists. So confident the royal partisans at this place, Talca- . of the immediate and con^>lete subjnga- ^«f the country, founded on the official des- of the commander-in-chief, that many inhabit4]ints, expecting the surrender of icaiso to succeed that of Santiago imme- f, were about embarking for the former their way to the latter. We now, for It time, considered our situation more tan that of our countrymen at Valparaiso, tiem there might be some (perhaps a lea for contiscatioQ. With us there ex- ly the suspicion of such ; and a court of about being established at Santiago, I we had much to hope. these transactions were going on with lies, the conuuissioners at Talcahuana, ed to unlade and dispose of the Beaver's jwere busily engaged in that duty. It i, however, that though the country over had coutrol was entirely destitute .jnanufacturss which composed the Bea- ' |Fgo, it vas so poor as not to be able to I^jpne'-half i and heiice, with all their lie cioniRuisioaers were unable to supply jssiti^ of tlic arniy i on which account i were received from head-quarters to sell AND dbSf^f thciVt' EWfliBfi'RlSES. ttt t tHk ihhi. This a|q)eBred to be giving the flinW ing blow to the business ; as, after nie, aad ov the event of a revocation of the decree, nttotrnt tion Tvould be out of the question^ The oo^ hope upon which I could now lean was, either that some decisive action should take piaoe he^ fore the ship was sold, or that orders should ar*' rive from the viceroy of Peru for the ship t» proceed to Callao ; and this I had urged in • letter to the viceroy, forwarded in January. After the retreat of the patriot armyf there was no restriction to the direction or extent of oar rambles on shore ; and as they were condueiw to health, scarce a day passed without myi taking an excursion of several miles. In one of these solitary walks, while crossing a field of thick underbrush, between Talcahuana and Con» ception, I was startled by suddenly coming u|K>n' an object whose whiteness formed a contrast< with the surrounding shrubbery. On approaeh-~ ing, I perceived it to be the skeleton of a niair aiid horse, who had, doubtless, met their fate on the day of assault ; had been stripped of whatever was valuable, and l)een left nnbaried ' a prey to carrion birds. The warrior lay by the side of his horse, each a perfect skeleton, the° bones blanched clean by the sun. It was now about the middle of April ; and if there had been no interruption to the progresa- of the army, the news of their occupation of the capital ought to have reached Talcahuana.^ While all were in daily expectation of hearing^ cheering news of the submission of the rebelst or of their being driven beyond the Andes, and' the consequent termination of the war, rumours' were afloat that the enemy had Collected in soelr' numbers as to make the possession of Santiage dependent on another battle. The followtng* day it was whispered, with an air of secree^> that the royal army had lieen defeated. Tm news was confirmed the next mdmihg by the. appearance of the c6mmander-in-chlef, ckbtiOf who, i la Buonaparte, had effected his escape, with ten or twelve followers ; the only remains of the proud army which left here a few weeks since. Ordonez, and nearly all tlie oflkets ef distinction, who were not slain, were made pri^' soners.* This decisive action, which annflulated the^ prospects of the royalists and estabHshed the independence of Chili, took place at i village called Maipo, within a few leagues of the capi- tal., on the 5th of April, 1818. As the general, in his flight, passed through the city ef Concep- tion without stopping, the inhabitants very na- turally concluded that the enemy was at hand ; and the scene of confusion, terror, and dismay which succeeded, beggars description. These truly unfortunate people, whose attachment tOv * General Onlnnes, antl a nnniW ttf Ather roVit' ofHceri captured at the b title of Maiiio, were tetit to Mendoxa, on (h* east side of the Atidea, aatt w«n^ tt^t>rwar1!4 till )nn«>iicM(l for iltcgMl ««iia(i4ffacj^i' . / n) 6te^^t(tANU'R ^OYAOBS i } their kiag hi4 Imluotil Uitiu to AbMndok their ImMim (Ml the MlvAttoe of the |Nitrtot furcei, and vhv h»A. raiurneU to their dilupiUated Uouses oa liNretrtatof the •naiiiy, were again compelled to Afi CMtyinf with thsni whetevcr they had yet re- ■riiininfolcnvivlue. During the two aucceeding dajra, the luad Utding (roni Conceutiuii io tal* Mhuana waa lined with htaded cattle and carta \ vith naett and women, old and young, each opr- rying aa mueli of their furniture aa they could. Vtor Bush a audden Influx into Talofhuana, ao* eommodation waa di^utt to be found) and aiany faniiliea» who had aeen belter dajs, were glad to oocupy a ahed, a aiable. or any place that aflbrded only a partial etteUer from the weather, wliick waa now becoming very Incle- menti Uut even here tlicy were not safe ; at it was evident tliat all the force, whicli could ponibly be muatered, waa not equal to defend- ing one-fourth of the extent of the lines. Con- aequently, if the enemy ahould ap|iear suddeidy, no other resource remained but a retreat to the ahim. Aware of tliis, the conmtander>iu-cbief had iaaued orders for every abip to be put in a state to proceed to sea, at a moment's notice \ and, aa a preliminary step, they aet about em- barking tb^ moat valuable eflbcts. The acting captain of the port, tavira. was appointed to the command of the Oeavcr, of wni«?U he gav« me notice by letter, at tbc same time expressing a wish that t woidd leave tiie ship immediatelyw 1 replied, that, to iu»til\' my leaviitg the ship, I must, in tlie first place, have an order to that ellRect, aigned bv the com- mander-in-chief) and, in the next, that suitable apartmenta and food must be provided for my- aelf and servant \ and that, wben these reason- s' conditiona were compiled with, t wduUI obey the order, and not till then. The difficulty, at this time, of procuring a room on shore, was very great ; and» althougli he made great elYbrts, ke waa unable to obtain one. He therefore, the next day, brought me the order, signed by the general, decUHng that he could And no accom- ittttdatiun 6>r me on shore, unless an arrange- MH nt coald be made w ith Mr. CofBn to share Mr room% Tliis I declined, at which he became vary impatient, and, after the interchange of a great many angry words, and a threat o^ com- polaion, he left the ship in a passion. In a few hontv afterwards be returned, with a tmiling countenance, and told ntc, he had fonhd excellent q«Hurteni for ine o>t boutl the Aguila, a large Lima merchant ship, anil tliat I *• %*a to Uve at the captain's tabic. These I ^ t iMind to be more commodious, though less neat, *•' than tiiose of the Beaver t and, acceding to the « amHtgament, I went on board with bag and "'^afgage, a«c«)mpanied by the steward, who wu '^ tke mly one reaMtaiiig of the ship's company. f )M»w laitered ra^rM^ tliat my affaii-a had ■ffVMchtd a cr{si8> than vrouldaoon put an end ^^ m tin palnfal aiupense and uncertainty which I Itad been so long suffering, by my early de- parture fh)m this dreary place for Lima, this illusion was qiilcUly destroyed. As sinmuJ ihe patiit* of the royalists had subsided, UhiJ determined, lit council, n«.t to evaonatf> tht^ place, uidcss compelled, until they should n. \ ceivfi th« vic;eroy'i ItaalrtictlOM. .«.- '. CHAPTER XXVIL tsh CuMtflittttUieil e«pliir« or thn 1*totvlll»*»KM)ap« .i the R«m«ralt even a very dangerous enterpriae \ but, was ii> , advantage commcnaurate with the risk ? M¥ ther Bucceasful, or otherwlsa, would it not !uf a tendency to intalidate the claim on the bpv ish government >. tn fine, would it itot Xvt alw ddnuig a certainty for an uncertainty / While deliberating on the wisdom of (In pt^ect, the Bsmeralda ftigate and Penieia bn arrived ; the fbrmer having been boarded wIkIi blockading Valparaiso, by the Chilian shipi war Lautaro. She would have boon cif tured, but fbr tka aecidentai asparation of ii* ships before a competent number of men wv able to board. The fow who snoceoded in (> lowing their captain, had complete posaasiioiK the upper deck for some minutes. Whenik ships separated, the Spaniards seeing tlie iiw number on board, rallied and kiUed them aiJ- among whom was the captain of the Lsuun aitd the carpenter of the Beaver, the same »i> escaped in the boat, as related, soodteter arr' iugat TMcahuana. < > fuft,. The dky after the arrival of tltMe>««Me'.i,Mt; Ctb, a sliip iVt)m Lima cama in, by whidi hopod to bear something that might give a tun AND COMMKHCIAI/ tNTKRfRIAKS. 113 tlin tiriff Canton kmmnitiatcty fur Lioia, > •Vintier tfie Anu'rinan flag, and with an Atn^Hcan 4tt nWt lUTnltK | mw was ( UliaptwhileiL The t"fi«>it m«»rnlii|T Weiipnil Dsorio »ent to Mr. ^the ohje< us Imttlc of Maiuo. If a judgment can tte ned of the deanlinMs Of their countrymen (tm those officers, the mortality on board their on long voyages, is «aaily accounted for. 'Were twelve days on the passage to Cnllao, 'though the we«ther was always delightful, l^rsonal habits of those gentlemen during l^irhole time were excessively offensive. Canton Itad on IxMird about twenty-live ind dollars' valiie of the Beaver's CArgo, i tome pieces of brass artillery, the trophies ' oa. I used occasionally to banter theie Bra on their imprudence in placing tliem- res thus in the power of men who hiA espe* ced so great iigury and provoention from the to which they beiongefi; and to show that I had only to say the word, ind the Bl would' be taken into Valparaiso, and they rercd up to their enemies ; and I used to that their confidence was undoubtedly [tded on tlie appeal thus made to our ho> , no less tban to tbe , 9in»i(lf^^n of its Mns t}learhr for bar interest to proeeed to liNia, atid hence fliey MmI nothtng to tfpt ei mi A j y fnrnishing the insurgebts with arms and ammunition | of contravening tlie lawe^ by introducing merOhMdise into the comtry aad taking away the speeie, witiiout paying any dnty on the import or the export, and thcreliy ae« rlously injuring the commerce and proqiertty of the country. EHtt, nevertheless, he added, that We might rely on his protection while beret that the proper Authorities would investigate the bMiness relative to the ehips, and that jnatice should he rendered to us. Without giving iia^an opportunity to reply, he nhrnptly withdrew^" I did not augur Any thing unfavnarable from tkis interview, although I waa aware tliat his ge^ nerikl charges against our ooantryaMa wnre true. . . The exeessive aversion to JMieina iB ol ^ ■aeii' in oflice, and the heedlessness and waale of time, which hnve long been observed as so pe- culiar to this people, would have induced ns to expect great delay, even If the isane shoold be against us ; hut with every encouragemeni to believe it woiilil be In our fkvoar, wo havdly dared look forward to the distant period Which might bring our busin^cs to a close. We there* fure set about hiring and furnishing a hottM, and making such provision for a oomfoiiibic residence, as strangers in roost otlier cities of equal magnituda And ahvatly prapaned. We agreed upon one that would answer ^our nurpose, but were prevented taking p o aaewion for several davs, While trying to get rid of the myrinds of fleaa With which every room was filled, and whieh, thongh greatly (finuniahcd by frequent washing and sweeping, were nevct en- tirely deetroyMl; md wali«Lon4r.lo./Nrinaj|to ' Jfiiri'niii ;j..(.{ f.» ,,';m( i.f.ii I IU< ^VCLRVBLAWD't VOtAOBS ^^^ m •n evil Ibr wtikli we muld ftnd nd remedy, and to whteh the iMMves, from long habit, had be- coBie aoemtonwd. To he poMeiMd onee more of a domicile ex- chifeiTely my own, was a loxory that can bepro^ periy apprveiatod by those only who have been harassed and vexed at I had been. At the vn- happy mortal waking from a night of sickly dnawB which seemed an age, rejoioea, though firtigued, to And the danger imaginary, to this ■ndden raccession of tranquillity to an age of tnMible, hough to dearly paid for, afforded me BO lest esuM of relief, ilenceforth I had to ap- prehend no more restraint from an arrogant military gnard ; no more mrveiUamx from the harpies of the eustom-house ; no further perse- cution Arom a fiscal ami assessor, whose cha- racters would have made them worthy members of the Inquisition in the most rude ages of its existence. Patience was now the virtue which it was most requisite to call into action, since to avoid disappointment, we must be prepared. for a great vraste of time. But it is less difficult to reoobcile one's self to minor ills, after having been so long subjected to such severe ones ; nor did the novelties presented by the Peruvian capital fail to beguile the time. Through the kind attention of two of the of- ficers of the royal navy (Mr. Bocholan and Mr. Rivera), we were introduced to several of the most respectable fiimilies of Lima, whom we were afterwards accustomed to visit on the most friendly terms. In addition to these, our bu- siness necessarily brought us in contact with the general of marine, ^th the assessor of ma- rine, and his fhmily, and with the fiscal, by all of Whom we were treated with the f>oliteness and Mspeet which, in the dviiised world, is doe from one gentlmnan to another, and which formed a striking contrast to onr experiences at Talcahuana. As it respected our business, there seemed to prevail but one opinion as to the re- prdiensible oonduei of the government of Tal- cahuana, and the probable revocation of all their proceedings, which the fiscal termed ditparatet, MUMBSe. .••:v,./i)') dii* ,j»iei r»>? milM i>ti' 4i.(^i» 4 i*»ri iitiu no". ■" 'Hi:^tt &J ^.1 o^wniim CHAPTER XXVIII. 1 Retorn of Uie Ontario from Valparaiso*— Satiifiiotion of the Viceroy. — BuUdinB castles in the air — Sodden change in the Vieeroy'i ooniiuot.— His reasons K)rit. — An explanation.— Another change. •^•Pwmiae of protecUon.— Offioial delaj.— Plan tat empluying time,— Suoeesaful proapHcU from « voyage t(» Va^Mraixi. — A ship procured. — laAiu oretioo of the officers and men.— Projfvt abnu- dt^nad.-— Unprofitable expenditure of lime. — Trip to YaliHiraisO In an Eiigttsh fHgste.— Excellent dliibibutae oa b6ard.— Erroneous ifflpre8fl(i>iis re. uMMJ-'^Sa^riov abilities of-Csptain Shir reff.— OMfleMhly depertaitat ofhis oaears.<«>Amuse> asentsaadrnMrelMs of tbserew.— Diie ohsemiM of the Sabbath.— Unintarrantad pleaanra of tk voyago.— Arrival at Valparaiso. While the proper authoritiea were taking tht prelimiaary measures for an investigatiMiof tht doings of the Talcahuana govemmeat. towardi as (near the last of June, 1818), the. Ontario arrived Irom Valparaiso, with the person chargid by the viceroy with powers to negotiate an ei. change of prisoners. The satisfaction given hj Captain Biddle tn this mission, manifested b; the viceroy's presenting him with an elegaat : and costly sword ; the lively interest he took ia \ the restoration of our vessels; the attentioa given by the viceroy to the representations oi i the subject; and the prevailing opiaiou that they must be restored, all confirmed tlie belitf of a revocation of the doings at Taloahuana. Every thing relating to o^'c aflhira now wort ; an aus[)icious aspect, and my mind was hiuily engaged in forming the various plana for fntUR operations, which depended equally on the amount of property restored and on the privi. leges to be granted us. In imagination I ytu building up a fortune, which the peculiar polili. cal state of the country seemed to insure ; aod^, from this coincidence of favoarable oircum. ^ stances, was in the enjoyment of a degree of,: complacency to which I had long been a ^iran. : ' ger. But I was suddenly astonished and con. founded by the information conveyed to me bj Cr^>tain Biddle, directly from the viceroy, that I was considered by his excellency to be a dan- gerous man ; that he should not permit me to re. main to settle my affaka, but that I . should be sent out of the country immediately ; and the reason given for this determination was, iiifor. niation from three different sources that I hid uttered treasonable opinions : among, others, having declared liis government to he a^io^aniii.* cal one, and that the sooner it waa overibrowii the better. As from a knowledge of the necessity of f treme caution on the subject of politics I 1 ' always been on my g(uard, I did not hesiitate i« declare the accusation to be entirely false ; nor would my surprise have been greater, if I had been charged with intent to assassinate the vice- roy. This communication waa made to me by Captain Biddle, at Callao, while he was on the point of sailing for Columbia River, and after he had taken leave of the viceroy; k could not, therefore, advocate my cause other- wise than by letter. On revolving in my niind whence so malicious and wicked a report uould originate, I could account for it in no other wa,' than that some of those scoundrels who had been engaged in the plunder of my ship, and to whom I had often justly, but perhaps iinpr>^ (lently, applied that epithet, being appreheusift of exposure, had adopted this measure, to han me removed out of the way> , i . ^ With this impression, wjit^ Captain AND COMUBnClAL BNTJbRPRISpS. Uti r, and with ihaioooftdencewhicliconMious (locuoe iiMpircs, L went the next daj to the iceroy. He receiyed me with cinlity, and re- ited what he had told Captain Diddle, that •ccuaakion oamefhom three aovrcea. I po- »\y deniwi'tlie charge, made knows my mu^ Bion of it« origin, and begged that my ac- might be called before him while I was snt. This he declined doing. Then I at* ed him that no one of hii subjects could be idieposed to meddle wtth governmental affliiirs myself; that to send me away before my less was settled would be attended with minons consequences to me, that I should ' remaining, even if it were under either of »hard conditions of being confined to the limits \%t. Lorenrx), of being^ shut up in the Castle of or being confined to my ship or my se ; and proposed to give bonds for the due inee of whichever should be determined excellency. I he had been as perfectly convinced of my snce as he appeared to be before of my he could not have evinced it mwe decid* ' The expression of his countenance was sniy changed from the forbidding and angry open and benign ; and he said to me — Cleveland, I will take none of those pre> lions ; your word of honour is sufficient ; and I'Convinced, if you made use of the expres* rreported to me, it could only have been in liguarded moment, and is in a degree pal- ^by the great provocations you have en- Pt but," he added, with emphasis, " take to meddle with politics or religion, and npon my protection while you ore lent here." Thus, as a thnndergust, violence threatens destruction to every F 'Within its range, passes harmlessly away, : aacceeded by serenity and sunshine, so liiny prospects suddenly changed from the ^'^gloomy and adverse to bright and favour* kough the cases of the Beaver and Canton were precisely similar) involved no ques- [of intricacy, yet, to decide them, vrithout kuisite waste of time, would have been en- %ut of character ; neither justice nor hu- > could have excused it ; and so perfectly rere we of this, that we only urged that ' tons might take place in time for Cap* Idle to take them to the United States, Mtum from Columbia River. We had, B, to look forward to a period of at least iionths, in which, as no new questions |(|o be asked, my pretence a^^ared en* |t[nnece8sary, and my time lost, unless I ''link of Kome plan for its employment. eurred to me that a great opening was ' for a very lucrative voyage, by taking iso a caiiio of the produce of Peru, iming with wheat, if permission could Ined, and if a Mttable nentral vesaei protitiredi 4 Mule knewn my plan to a rioh jncroantile boose, who xeadily agntd im > furnish the capital oot joiiil aocoaat, nadet.mj- direction, and to procure from the vieecoy Iht requisite permit. Tharoaiy theti voyag^e would' > afford to pay extravagantlyi I hud do, lioubt td*i obtatmng aay whaling ship that might enter ths i port, if not loaded. . .. t These preliminary steps had hardly bce» h taken, when there arrived pre«isely such a ahipJ as was desired, with only sixty barrels o£ oil on v board, having just arrived on the ooaat. I lost-* no time in applying to the captain to charter hia ix ship ; and anticipating difficulties from the u»v r velty of the undertaking to him, I expected to I'l obviate them, by the very tempting proposal I { was prepared to make, for the use of his ship • for three or four months : which would be aa i advantageous as a year's successful fishing. I ..> offered him for the voyage to Valparaiso and > back to Callao, fifteen thousand dollars ; to pay tr additionally, if he should be more than three months performing it ; and to provide storage for his casks and whaling materials gratis. The proposal was considered so liberal and tempting, that he agreed to accept it ; but unfortunately, j between his doing so and the papers being pre- ■ pared for signing, his officers and men were guilty of some indiscretion, in consequence of a ' knowledge of this transaction, which induced him to apprehend that he was taking too great . a responsibility upon himself, and he concluded ** to abandon the plan. <] The failure of this first attempt to retrieve my , f« affairs was a great disappointment, espeoiaUy it after I had succeeded in overcoming all the •! other obstacles ; but there was no other neutral \n vessel in port to be procured; and ooascqMcp%t nn no other remedy than the exArdse oC that pan '^1 tience on which such large drafts had already >> been made. s . f.T Several weeks passed away, and I waa each ■'«) day anxiously looking out for the arrival of iom# k; other vessel, which would offer the proapeet> of ;r,3 putting my enterprise into exeoiitiont'ltot l/^i looked in vain. As the Canton was m dbavp<« built vessel, and sailed very fast, the govern- ment determined to make use of her as a cruiser, during the time that an investigation into her case was going on. For this purpose, carpenters were busily engaged in making the requisite preparations for mounting a piece of artillery, on a pivot amidships, &c. &c. ; when a vessel of ^ war was signalled, which was supposed to Itt the Ontario. Immediately all labour was aufr^ pended, and preparation made to undo tha Wttrk abready done. But when the vessel, instead of the Ontario, proved to be the British ship of war Blossom, the work was resumed, and the armament completed ; thus showing, attiohg many other instances, the deference paid by t^e authorities to the presence of a national vessel^ and its importance in securing tlui, safety of prci* perty. The Canton being efuipy^d fot war,' Ilf) t!V.« CLKVXI.ATIDB VOVAai-'.S (mUmI on • cruiie ia cotnptny with another •nuc^ ahhi, tnd Msisted iaoKptimng theChUian priTatterAt^po, aftar a severe actiob. She was aftenrariU reatweU to her original master, and, after BaviMtini ihe coast about a year, retaraed to ihe Unitm; States. Impatient from inadtivlly, and such anpro#l> able expenditure of time, and aware how much more must be lost before the restoration of tlie ship sho^d give me employment, t determined to And something to do. It appeared to me, that a tri^ to Valparaiso would'be placing myself in the current ol aflkirs, and that, should nothing adi- vantageous present itself, it would be a chnnge of scene; and that my expenses wou' . be scarcely greater thnu if I remained stalior ry at Lima. Afe the Andmniaclie, fingUsh gate, was on the point of sailing for that pr i suc- ceeded with her commander tu obtr a pns- sagc ; and having procured a palsr . >'om the viceroy, I embarked, and sailed on the morning of the 3rd of August. The beautiful manner in which the ship WM got under way, made a strong impression on my mind, from an exhibition of discipline which I had ne^xr before seen. When the marines were dismissed after the morning tiarade, the co1o\tv» hoisted, and the natioiMl air, " God save the Ring," played, every officer and man t)eing at his station, and the capstcrn manned, a signal vras made by the captain, to heave ahead ; the cable came in briskly; the anchor was soon tript, and up ready for hooking the cat. While the ship was swinging round, tlie men, who had been stationed for the purpose at the shronds of Mch mast, on a signal given, ran up simultane- ously to cast loose the sails, while the requisite number were 8tatione whom there were four beside myself, were i vlted to dine in rotation^ and my turn n generally, two or three times a week. An t cclleut band of about twenty perfontiMs slitt played during dinner i Invariably beg:itiiil with " God save the King," and etiding «■ *' Rule Dritaunia." After dinner, the nun m usually exercised at the great guni i and if : , . weathct was ever so fine, the topsaiU were I ways reefed before sunset. Sparring, fen<;!iie,i dancing, were the amusements of tba miaitj men, in wliich the captain would f^cqtiei join. The seamen aha had their hours of rcit tion, music, and dancinr, once or Muk week. Sunday never failed to be duly liallon* Soon after breakfast, every officer appc&inl the quartcr•! now voyaging in Ike Paclflo. He was a f0>' iMBiy young Bswa, ani waa ignorant of tki>- firing hla fallMr bad cauacd me. AND coMkkiiiiKi nnWtttfiiHv.B. H(r iild not fftSI to profit hy. The fniulc, from full Uaiitl, wa« (leiiglitflul ; and when th«y yed, «s thdjr often did, the Portugiienf! and byel't hjrtnni, v/nMi were fauiiUar to me, called up Mtociatloua of by.gone and hap< J)n the 2tth we pasiod between the tslanda lafuera aud Juan Fernandez ; the next day passed In sailing by the latter, to the south- 1 of it ( and the Any after, we arrived at Val> 180. in tiie nutnerous Mssages I have made ea, t have no recollection of any one that rded such a course of uninterrupted enjoy- It, and whicli was so entirely pleasant, as i in the Andromache. It has made an agree- iniprcssion on my mind, which will never |bliterat«d. It" 9^^ • CHAPTER XXIX. iew with (he Oovomor.— Unrurtnnata lOMting a Meml — The brosimt and roriner go«ern« lis et)fiiraa(Ml."Brronwus policy .-^ Adven- Imm of two of llw IJflnrar'i er«w.— Arrlvnl of th« ^tMBfl DirMlur.—Ad«antiirm of KibM.-> Visit the Stipreme Director.— Hi* chariivter, and sliHeatinns for the office.— Offrr of a commis- I In the Chilian navy de«)ined.— Advantaaeou of a eafgo fot Iiiniaf>-Gnibargo.— VIsTi to Ohilian oapital.->-iluii||ii riding. — Horry ac- [>datl9n«— Road orer the Cuesta de Prado.— jralatSaotiaRo.— " Tlie lions" tliere.— " The ident's Folly "—The Mint— Salubrity of San- f.— Return to Valparl^so. ^ibediately after cotning to anchor, I w«nt ite with the captain of the port, whn con- ' me to the governor's, where I was inter- ~ cOiieetning the aflhirs of Lima. After Hng It multitude ofqueitions, anddeliver- the governor all the letters of which I ^rge, I was permitted to talce leave, and sue my own pi4vate affkln. While seek- I residence of our worthy consnl, Mr. Hill, hom I intended transacting my bnsincss, |entally and unfortunately met a relative ratOn, who persuaded me that the house Jch he was intimate, Higg^nson, O'Brien, jt. Would do my boslness more advanta- ' than any other in tlie place. Relying [fluformation, I accompanted my fHend to lusc ; was introduced to the partners at ecepted their invitation to take up my with them, and had my baggage trans- there. se important preliminaries bring settled, mj $,n opiwrtunity of leisurely traversing Itreets which my friend Shaler and I had together sixteen yeora before. The go- Bnt was then of the moat deapotio cEa- ^^atid the most detemUscd feature of it >e exclusion of all fordgaera, exoopting in distress, for whom proviaioM were made by treaty. The gov^rniment now profetMNl tn be republican t tnif H waa so in mitiie ofwly^ as the military tvramty was as great as H Mi ever l^enn. But the admission of fomignetiN and their eommerce, gave an iir of Uie and activity wliich was never before known. Tho Inpse of so many years appeared to hive made no alteration in the aspect of the toWW/ It was exactly what it Was when I waa herfl before, as If time had stood still ; no new hotiaea, no improvements } and the greater bustle In th« streets was caused by the foreigners. The m««Mi striking feature presented, to mark the diiTer' cnce 1)etween that )»erlod and this, waa the harbour, in which tliere wore then two or three merchant vessels, with the royal flag bohrted. Now the harbour was cro<»ded, and iMsidea the Chilian vessels of war, the flags ofn th« time «HMfi, iMordlAg to publie iumtHtt't \\t itMHild hit* nftttcd. At tenj^, kowevef, th« extended MviteRde WM ieen 6ytt the dklftttt hills, inaltiHtf Iti Wty toWftrds the town, tnd the long^ekpected chief ftMd hih tmWy, witti the nroper militsry Meort, ftrHved amid t dond of dtMt, the clMii* chief at Conception, who received htm wtf kindly, and provided him with the means of proceeding to Santiago, where he re- commended his going to see the supreme direo. tor; that bi« reception by this chief had been of th« MOM friendly character) that be renewed hia warimbe; took him into bis family, and gaVt hiltt employment in the secretary's office, to lAtliii-bie WM then attaohed. Indeed, I found thtt'my Men«A RibAs, like the others who escaped With him, had changed bis prospects so m«icn for the better, as to have no desire to join tIMt Beaver again. By Mr. Ribas I was introduced to the supreme directov^ O'Higgina, whose fhtber had Iteen eatly distinguished in the Chilian annals as a paMio beneffkctor. This son probal)ly owed his Bi|^ post to the veneration existing for bis fa* tiMr'i memory ; for although admitted to be a ■MM of good moral charaotor, and of a good iMart, there was nothing but his name and for- MM to make him t prominent candidate for the wapa ai ibte office of anpreme director, even in mlit timet, much lest in those of revolution and imt, Nkt tlM pMseMt. Hia appearance was plain, gUmpIt, nd bocMDitg a repuMiean, approximat- Ipgmara f thtt of m honost Anrar than to llM «af nttnant «f « gtntieman. I la received me «ltli fNtt vordiaMtyv iNcpreiacd muck aympathsr th the inisforttiiies and pCi^lexUt'es 1 had ^^i fercd, hoped I should recover the propRrtji,] Ul^ustly taken (htm me, kc. lie then niiJ many inquiries relative to the state of afrairi«| Lima ; how the militarv and naval forces tal then disposed of i whetner there w^i^ anynj moun circulating of an attack from the Cliliii,| squadron) if the pemde appeared to apprehenjl such an attack, etc. To all Whieh qu«ricg 1 ti,f plied in as laconic a mahner lU possible. Mr. Ribas had undoubtedly imprMsci\ |,j,l very fkvourably towards nic, for, in this firttinf terview, be i^red me a commission In \},\ Chilian navv. Making due acknowledgment hj the favourable opinion this piPopOsat indicated,!' told him that there existed sCarcO a donlit m the>liit«rview of j» teraay. The secretaries, I had fttMvtained, urfd the impolicy of granting such prMlege excl» sivcly to one individual, and suggested the li vantage that would result to the revenue making it general. In conformity with this i^ it was immediately proclaimed that llficnoei k lading wheat for Lima would be granted, « condition of paying an export duty of fou^ d^ la»-8 the fancga. This duty was nearly donlf the original cost, and, vrith the duty and Am? in Lima, would make it come so high as t"* ford no prospect of benefit, and determined » therefore, to have nothing to do with it. ^ best courae now appeared to be, to piocecili soon ai poHible to Uma, aadlOi depend onii^ profits of the return cargo, or on fireighi, fott'^J lequisita oomi)eiMatioa< .' '; mI) bi , r With this intention^ tb« bi% iMing reid;| was oB Uie poiaiof aaittag, MMttil hadtl poeitioa to Iftda tlie vessol witky his stipulating, that if the cargo Duld not be admitted at Lima, and the brig ^uld in consequence be compelled to return h it to Valparaiso, he would pay the amount ithe ciiarter. thus, baviDs a fair prospect of viBg great advantage without incurring anj 1, 1 dosed tbe contract, and immediately set ntt loading ihc brig. |efore the live days had elapsed, however, my rehehsioii of the embargo was realised. It I proclaimed to exist till the sailing of the AUliough this act was dictated by pru- aud wisdom at tliis time, yet my irapa. became so great that I had serious |hts of eluding it, by going off alone in a , in which I sliould have no doubt of reach- ima in safety, liut beside the assurance j tlie fleet would sail at the time appointed, [^t the embargo would Ih; raised imrae- ly Alter, the eflfect of such an act iqran the ipriso on which I had already engaged was I taken into consideration ; and these causes ned to produce the requisite resignation, 'perceiving that a month, at least, must Ivbofora the embargo would be raised, I ^vliich to remain idle at Valparaiso would ' ledious, 1 determined to All up the time iug a visit to the Chilian capital. Ac- Rgly,>euly in September, I set out with a ffit three on this journey, on horseback, for ids were too rough for the use of light As ihere was no cause for hurrying, ;cd on very leiaurely, .taking three days lorm a journey of only thirty leagues. Bkeroise, being of a kind to which I was unaccustomed, was, however, very fa- to me. We found no other accommo> »for travellers, on this road, than such as ed by the bouses of the peasantry, which very miserable, bad enough to induce to go through in a day, if possible, road was as good as we found it, was liefly to the indefatigable exertions of a president, O'lliggins, who evinced a no ordinary compass, in planning and to he executed that part of the road leads to the city over the Cuesta de »» or hill of the meadow, a labour of such atUUy, and of such (for the time when it ~ t) stupendous magnitude, aa to perpe. |Ms name. I borders of the zigzag road over thia hill with ahrubbery) among wliich the kuah prevailed, wluch, being at thia time i» perfumed tbe air vdth a dulioioaa fxagraacfl. At tbe aummii th* view ia verjr/ei- tensive, beautiful, aiiU nafniiceatf iooreasedivr the iuvarialile cleamess of the etmoapbore. Tk» tmrtfacrii view is limited by tbe towmag Andes* Tlie southeru and eastern, by hiiU of lesa mag* uitudei the intervening space beio§ b ea n i if uli rich, and welUrrigated meadows. Aa far aa a judgment couhl Iw formed of the agricuUuaal state of the country, from the traosiettt view taken on our route, I should suppose it to be susceptible of great improvement. We reaohed the house of our friend at Santiago in the «vi»« ing, after crossing the Cuesta de Frado, so much fatigued, that I was vary glad to retire aa^ly to bed. A good night's rest was attended witfc refreshing effects ; and with renovated eaergy 1 went forth in the morning, " to see tbe ligna*'' The impressions made on a first ramble over this city are prepossessing. It had laore tha air of cleanliness, and attention to the eomforte of the most numerous class, the pedestrianty than any o titer Spanislt city I had ever seen. A week's residence within its walls made me fa< miliar with its streets, public buildiogat walkSf &e., of which I shall atte^^>t only a haatf sketch. This capital of the Chilian republie ie situated on a fine fertile plain, at the foot of tba Andes. The river Mapocho, over which a fine bridge of stone is erected, connecting the suIh urbs with the city, is prevented inundating tlw city, during the period of fresheta, by strong barriers of masonry on each side* That on t^ia side of the city, in addition to the oiigiaal psuw pose, forms one of the most agreeable and nosir frequented public walks. The aouthera ax*- tremity of the plain is bounded by the, rives Maipo; a name rendered for ever raenonble in the Chilian annals, by the decisive victory gained over the invading royal army, which onalteraUy established the independence of ChilL In the eastern part of tbe city rises abraptly from a plain a remarkable rocky hill, called Si. Lucia, which is said formerly to have beea lofMp fied as a defence against the Indians. Thia ftr- tification has, by a late royal president, been renewed, and some cannon mounted on it, with a view to overawe the populace ; and hence the name of the President's Folly has been given to it. In those catholic cities the churches are Uka structures most costly and magnificent ; and though Santiago is not deficient in thia respeet, yet the building called the mint, and the ex** tenor appearance of the cu8toaa-hoose» are ht. more imposing and magnificent than any othfr*. The mint, which was designed by, and built uno der the superintendence of, a native and self*^ taught architect, is the pride of the city, and in<* deed would be creditable to any city at Earo^«^ Bat it is objected by some, that the leaonrepa el Chili, even in her moat paroaperona days, nmUk not jnatify its great expense. The private dwett* ings, excepting a great* proportion of house* of two stories, are bailt precisely like tlMMOgtC iHo it. I CLfeVBLAND's VOYAGES UtoK, fohning atMllow sqium or court, uidoe- ^vyite a great Mpaee of ground. The stiteets, niich TttterMet at right anclei, are generally of i good breadth, and, for the most part, clehn ; iM good side-walka prove, that plebeian com- Ibrti are more attend«id to here than at Lima. The great square, which is justly the boast of ail' Spanifeh cities, is rery fine, ecch side mea.- mrhtg between four and five hundr^ feet. The cathedral, bishop's palace, andiencia, and other fine buildings, fbrm its aides ; aad the centre is adapted to the exercise of troops. The women htv« no peculfairity of dress, like those of Lima, hut observe the European fashions. They are g«neralfy admitted to be pretty and amiable, ttid no more cultivated than is proper to make them fitting companions for the men. The po- pulation is estimated at sixty thousand. On the Whote, it must be admitted that Santiago pos- ieasea a climate which is unrivalled tor its ialubitty^ that it is 'a desirable residence fbr the man of lehmre, far the philosopher, or tar men In offltoe \ but, as a commerdal city, it can never be great or flourishing. The object of my visit to Santiago being ac- «omplisbed — ^that of wearing away so much time — I returned to Valparaiso, accompanied by nm of the gentlemen who came up with me. W)( passed one night only on the road ; and, at the dose of the second day's journey, reached «nr destination less fktigued than with am ride up. As the embargo was not yet raised, my ab- sence had, in no degree, retarded or injured my husiness; and I derived no less satisfoction feiim this consideration than from having accom- pKahed an object requiring a kind of exertion to arhidilwa^entirelyunused— riding on horseback. nvati *.itti t9f^^i -j^* .^•i^ii'. !• CHAPTER XXX.- •"* '•'• • Separtnmlbr Callao.— ^Arrival there. — Kestoration of th« Beavar.— A tamptfag propttaal retiatail.-- Filthy atat* oftha Baavar.— A thorough cleanaing. ^-Jesuitical manoBiivre. — Another embarffo.— Arrival of an Aniaricao agaat.— His imprudence. — Cwfsaaiiant diaplaaaura of th« Viceroy. — Dif* ficulty u procunng a crew, — Selection from prisonara. — Expected vi&it of the Chilian anuadroa. — ^Remonl of tha Beaver. ' T1ife'inq|ii!iaidron,ott whose account the embargo had been laid, hating sailed, and the snpiiime director having returned to Santiago, I waited in didljr expectation of behig peimitted to uit\ but such permission was not granted ffft the 28th of October, when the sailing of the British firi{^ Andromache, for Lima, left no further ptea for our detention. Accordingly, we sailed Mre next day, in the Livonisi, for Gallao. Our- itaf the passage we experienced ho other than tiiie'fkVouhible breej^,flae weather^ and smooth mk, ^ffidt is «o cdmodoi^ in mikinir t^ p aai; after twelve dlrra, aonrlved wiitty at Gtiho. Before eomint to anchor a boait came aloiKJ side fW>m the (mtario, in which I went iinnil| diately on lioard that ship to see Captain WiUM He received me very cordially ; told me he hA been earnestly attempting to bring tlie goTcn,! ment to a decision in the cases of the Bpiitl and Canton ; that, wHh this view, he had 8tit((| to the viceroy the sensation which had caused in the United States by the capture i these vessels; the importance of their rest tion to a continuance of the harmony which e isted between their respective governments,! the hope that a ftvourable decision would I made in time to take l* with him to the Uniti States. These representations were eamq flriendly, in accordance with duty, and doubtia had an effect ia hastening the bnsiness ; the restoration of the ship, and what remiiti of hcf cargo, were acts entirely independent d these eflforts, and are of a description «h prudential reasons prevent being made public | At length, on the 20th of November, long-looked-for decree was issued, revoking th of Talcahuana, declaring that no cause of roi demnation had existed, and that the ship, », whatever portion of her cargo remained in government stores, should be restored with, and that I must seek for the residue i damages where I thought proper. There had existed no doubt of this dec!si«i| but the ship, having been twelve months in hands of the Spania^s, was in a very dilapidit) state. A crew could be obtained onit with gra difllcntty^ and the original object of the y^ was destroyed. A merchant of Lima, of 4 first respectability, aware of these cirenmstt cea, and presuming that my course would \ the short and common one, in sncli cases, iv^ selling the ship at pnbUC auction, for the of the underwriters, made overtures to me I buy her in for joint accmint, to be employtdj freighting on the coast. His fhmlsbingf money and my commanding the slfip weret«| considered a balance for each other, and '' profits to be equally divided. The proposal' a tempting one, as there was no doubt it lead directly to fortune. But it Was obviom,^ the ship could be advantageously employedi | should be for account of owners and undent terst and ^eelingthat, in making up'tothemi portion of the property which had been h while under my care, would be tUore gratiiyi! to me than the acquisition of fortnne unir snch circumstances, I did not hesitate to dcrlii the proposal. On the 25th of November an ofllcer of * rojiri marine, having been appointed to up the ship to me, t went on board with accompanied by a fow men fhim the Ont) and took formal possession of the ship, and* cH her sails, rigging, and stormy as rema These being very few, the buaineas of recep was soon aocompltshed, when we discha ctnMn, and displi^ed tW American AND COMMCliCIAL SNTBIIPIIISES. J 21 esc drcawstii.i more o^ the Beaver,, The «igtukl b«ing entood on iioud the Otetarlo, a stroug d«> itnent of men, witti Lieutenant Stepheoi at lir head, oame onboard* and before night liad ipleteW itrippod the diip to the girtiine. [if the Spaniaidt are filthy on board their own it was fair to prcaume tliey would be more /on board one which was supposed to be held ^y temporarily. Wa were therefore not sur* ~ to find the Beaver dirty in the extreme. leed, had we not had the good fortune of lining an abundant supply of men from the much tioM must have been expended fere we could have arcoraplished the re- Gjite Ubour. With these the ship was cleansed Trigged in a very short time, compared with in whidi it could have been done with the ors attainable at Callao, and at a less ex- For this I felt myself greatly indebted tptain Biddle, who extended his kindness ~ rther, by suppling a want which was im- ive, and wUcn I was unable to provide for way, namely, that of a person to act as Officer, and one who would be qualified to chargQ of the ship and property in the of accident to myself. This person wu ipman Alexander B. Pinkham, an active, it» and intelligent officer, whose services invaluable. The obligation, therefore, of I and master to Captain Biddle, great as I before, was much increased by this mani- Hon of desire to do all in his power for ua. ' , his efforts were not confined to the rule by duty. He remained many days pine ready for sea, that I might have the i,Qf h>s inftuenoe in obtaining a privilege ^ JL sought* that of inti'oducing a cargo into [,£rom. Chili,^ and in procuring an acknow- ' sn^, and SQme kind of liquidation of the ^ i first o1)ject was defeated, by the opposing ince of the fisctors of the Philippine Com- '] but the viceroy promised, in Ueu of it, to psome special privileges on the Peruvian It was apparent, however, that there was ity in these promises ; and, as further I, would be pr«udicial to the service, with' lefiting us, Captain Biddle determined to more time, and sailed on the 6th of De- cibr Valparaiso, on his way to the United tie mean lime, the impe£ments that had Bwn in the vty, by the consulado and its of Lima, to prevent the Livonia fiom iigher cargo, were of so serious and deter* 1^ a character, that nothing short of its being nth equal determination on the part of Cap- Shirreff, of the Andromache, could have [^e enterprise from defeat. In the course liek after her arrival, the Livonia had been j^i^mes ordered by the viceroy to leave the ^and epcb time had taken reftige imder the ' the ApdromA^he. At lei)igU>, with a I of per8«veniBG»( not in£Bdor tQ, that which hafourth the tonnage, taking the other three-fburths on freight. With a view of' arriving at Valparaiso before any oi the other vessels, intended to be laden for th^ port, I had ' made g^at exertions and spared no'eiipenaej but ' I was again destined to eMMn>c^ delay and'dis* appointment. The LivowL bring all ready fbr sea the 15th of January, Wi9, I applied for tne requisite clearance, and was informed that it could not be granted ; inasmucb as an enihargt* was then laid on dl ships in port, till the ^. Antonio (with treasure) should have sailed for Spain. Though frvm taking on fireight so large a portion of the lading of the Livonia, I had A- ready secured a han£ome emolument from my enterprise, this detention, by fiivouring compe* titors, seemed to annihilate the brilliancy of the prospect first presented ; but there was no other resource than patiepee. Early in this month (January, 1819), arrived the English sloop of war Blossom, Capt. Hickey* from Columbia River, having on board Judge Provost, of New York. This vessel had been dispatched to Columbia River for the purpose of making a formal surrender of Astoria to Judge Provost, the agent of the United States, ap« pointed for that and other purposes in Uie Pa* ciflc. This business appears to have been* accomplished to mutual satisfaction, aa both parties gave evideni;e of a recipfOHty of kind feeling. It would have been advantageouafortlie Ame- rican interest here, if equal good feeling hadfx- isted between the American agent and the vice" roy ; but, unfortunately, the very reverse waa ^e case. This agent, from being the first AmeriMtn who ever appeared in the Peruvian capital ia a public capacity, not less than fiom the flsvour-^ able dispoution of the viceroy towards us, had^ an. opportunity of obtaining oommerdaladvaatages^ and oi rendering services to his countiTmen iit various ways, which no other foreigner ever poa- sessed before ; but these were entirely paralyaoti and lost, by his incapacity of conoeallng hia hoa- tility to the royal goveminent» and by hia being , a partisan of the revolutionists. His sentiroenti on these points were expressed so imprudently^, so unnecesaarily, and in so unreverved a WUV- ner, that they gave great oINne^ to the ^iiceilggr' #A, Vi2 CLEVELAND S VOYAGES ud wwe f w Jurti f of auA oootneM, that the iiTMWif cMtttf wMA ii McpeeM to be ob- MTved bf* priMte MliMul oa Imnag the .: «oiuiti7» «M eWMr d fa y eM eJ iHth by the vice- i, W9ft or pH^oielj Mgleetei hf the dHphmiatutt. ^ mtt the aefUBuitaBet I here formed with Mr. •t* .RmnNt, I wee foUy penueded of the dncerity of o» Ua eTHiMiihf te my niefortmiei, and of Ua aatis- f} CmHob at my pw a peet of larmomithig them ; but r aa to bafaig indebtod to his esertioiii and address .1^ far the lealMatkm of the Bearer, as is recorded ^ in one of the New York Gazettes of the day, so (hr from thia being the case, his interference Mold not hare failed to be prejudicial ; and, aware : aCthiBv he did not use any. WhUe aU commercial operations were sus- paiided by the embargo, I was busily engaged in Muring the Beaver prepared to be ready for sea, , aa soon aa it should be raised. For this purpose t wv wore kindly sup^ied with the requisite num- y Wr of men from the Andromache, as none were 3 pooomaMe from ahore ; indeed, such was the Maicitj of fintmgn aeamen, that to collect the Bomber required for the BeaTer appeared impos- . Bible. In nuking the exertions which I did for the reatoration of the ship, which were the cause oi that reatoration, in undertaking the arduous teakof ffifwrntig and Tietualling the afaip in a place to difBcidt as that of CaU^, and in pur- aohig a froigjirting business on the coast, with no other than a crew made ap of the most disorderly ■iaD> I waa actoated only by an ambition to re- trieve the loas, and toeonvincemy employer that hia oonfidenoe had not been ^mbplaoed, as this piBB waa entirely independent 'of my own private it. Indeed, as far as my own interest the (>bligation to which the re- of the ship subjected me, was mani- imtly vory detrhnental ; as, but fat this, withfar laaa troidile, I could have obtained much greater profit. Aait vraa daaapable, reme command, wore knowil at Lima. Being impressed with the u^a, thai this commander had been.diajtinmiiahcd-ftn is-l trepidity, where all were intr^ii!^ and iecoUeel>l ing that he had been selected aa bestfii^dal leaid the party destined to bum the Arwch flMtl in Basque Roads, I presumed that hurning tiMtl of Callao would be no more thaaaport jEor bia;^ and never fiiiled to exprett thia epinioii, who.;, ever the expected attaick was .the aulgeqkof coal versation. In confirmation of t^ belief, I tsdl the precaution to move the Baiver some «ir| below the shipping. I had been repeatedly urged by ]iIr..Provat| not to incur the risk of having my 8h^> bur by waiting for a licence, vrhich he did not Ul lieve would ever be given to me ; but to leis the place before the arrival of the fleet ntigltl cut off all possibility of doing so. The advicall knew to be well intended and disinterejt«d(l but it was certain, that he could not he so co»l petent to judge of the risk of having the thf I burned as I was ; and as to his opinien of th| viceroy's intentions, he waa too bUnded Vty ^ judiceto form acprrect one ; therefore, I prefeni my own course, which was that of perseTenal until theire should be an opening for some lil vantageous operation, for whidi thc.piomtMl| licence Would be granted., a^^ ,1 CHAPTER XXXI. ''"''^ Dapartora of khipa.— The CbHan de0t.-'Niiiii •aeapa uf the Viemniy.— A 4ena« ttSf.—'luni firiDg from the lMtteriu.--42aMes slip •• •' timely diaeovery*— Favourable poeition of^ Chilian 8Mt.^UnfiivoaiaUa rssoU.— PMNoi AND COMMERCIAL KMrKBI>RlSKt. U> •mMI OUMt I pMlfcil amam Uodnd«.-.VUi« tellwihiti. ifciwlw*«fo— of llMcapiahw — H«B«1«| *• Mwhar^— 4>a tba braad oMsri oac* Mon.-'ARivid at PImow— BMogirfiioD bj ■ MUMO.— iNtteuI^ of taUnff in Mr|o.->A aii. tliiT OB be*rd.!>-TlM lioglMdw MtaM and wbip- i<— BotoraUoa of order. X On flaodkf, the Slat