r CX:' uWio. of Toronto l&S-f TESTIMONIALS OF Dayid Reid Keys, B. A., (Toronto), CANDIDATE FOR THp: CHAIR OF ENGLISH LITERATURE univp:rsity of Toronto. FIRST SERIES. TESTIMONIALS OP Dayid Reid Keys, B. A., (Toronto), CANDIDATE FOR THE CHAIR <» ENGLISH LITERATURE, UXIVERStTY OP TORONTO. FIRST SERIES. TORONTO: ROWSELL AND HUTCHISON, PRINTERS. 1889. . : i ' - i ■ v 'To tJie Hcnorablc the MINISTER OF EDUCATION for the Province of Ontar',o : SlK, — In presenting myself as a candidate for the Chair of English Literature in the University of Toronto, I beg leave to submit the following facts in evidence of my fit- ness for the position: My preparatory training was obtained at Upper P'^epajatorj Canada College, where I completed the entire course in six years under the tuition of Messrs. Geo. R. R. Cock- burn, John Martland, Prof Baker, the late Dr. Connon, and others. In the last two years I held exhibitions under the examination of Profs. Goldwin Smith and G. P. Young, and in the final sixth form examination took honors in Classics, Mathematics, and Modern Languages. In 1874 I matriculated in Toronto University, with a University scholarship in Modern Languages and English. In the ^^^"'^^*^' attention paid to Modern Languages this University was then unequalled. Making that my special department, I was uniformly successful, carrying off five scholarships during my undergraduate course, and winning seven Col- lege prizes, besides the DufFerin Medal for French Prose and the Dufferin Bronze Medal for English Prose. The latter medal was gained in my third year in a competition open to all undergraduates of the College. In 1878 I graduated first in the first class in Modern Languages, with the Silver Medal. I then proceeded to Leipsic, where I spent three sem- Postgraduate esters in the study of English (including Anglo-Saxon ' "*^ ^*^^' ^nd Old English), and modern languages, under Profs. K'i'tll Wulker, the foremost Anglo-Saxon scholar of Germany,. Ebert, Trautmann, and Birch-Hirschfeld. My summer vacations of i8So and 1881 were also 3pent at Leipsic in the same studies. During the summer of 1884 I took a course of Old and Modern French at the University of Geneva under Profs. Ritter and Marc Monnier, and in Ital- ian at Florence under Profs. Marcucci rnd Nicati. When a post-graduate student in Columbia College Law School during the session 1879-80 I had an opportunity of study- ing the educational methods of some of the ablest American professors. As the Ontario Department of Education puts so high a value on the practical study of educational methods by High School masters, I may hope that in making a University appointment advantages of this kind will not be overlooked. General As further evidence of scholarship, especially in Modern Scholexshii). , . Languages, 1 may refer to my repeated appointments by the Senate of Toronto University as an Examiner in Ethnology, History, French, Old, Middle and Modern Ger- man, Italian, and Spanish. In English I have been an -. - :' Examiner for eight years. I also examined in Modern Languages for several years in Victoria University, Cobourg. For two years I lectured on History and for four years on Italian in University College. The example of Sainte-Beuve, followed by Scherer, Matthew Arnold, and Lowell, has demonstrated that a first-class critic should be familiar with the spirit of modern literature, and must acquire that familiarity in the languages themselves. So when a Chair of Engh .h Literature was founded recently in the University of Oxford, a tutor from a German Uni- versity was called to fill it ; and when a Professorship of Modern Languages was established two years ago in Syd- ney, the professor was selected mainly for his knowledge of German Literature. In each case a committee of the most distinguished English scholars made the choice. The best proof of fitness I can bring, however, is my Experience as experience of seven years as a Lecturer in University Col- Lecturer jn lege on the very subjects with which the new professor University should be familiar. Except in the absence of Anglo- Saxon, our English curriculum is, and has been for years, superior to that of any University in the English speaking world. Since 1884 I have had entire charge of this department, and, in addition to the lectures required by the curriculum, have prepared special courses on the development of the English drama, the representative English prose writers of the nineteenth century, the char- acteristics of Elizabethan prose, and the comparative gram- mar of the Teutonic languages. The last was in connexion with the Gothic of Ulphilas, which I have taught by the kind permission of Mr. vanderSmissen for three years. To Anglo-Saxon I have devoted much private study, reading Beowulf, the Chronicles, and the works of Alfred and iElfric, besides working at Middle English, and mak- ing a special study of Icelandic, with a view to determin- ing its influence upon our literature. In this connexion allow me to refer to what Sir Daniel Wilson has stated in his last Convocation address to be some of the require- ments of the new professor. His knowledge should ''embrace the Mceso-Goihic of Ulphilas ^ the Icelandic^ the Anglo-Saxon of Alfred and the Saxon Chronicle, and the Middle EnglisJi of writers from the Ormuluni and Lay- amon's 'Brut' to Langland and Goiver, as well as the influence of the Scandinavian and Romance lan^ages on the English grammar and vocabulary'^ In the same address Sir Daniel has borne public testi- TestunomaU, niony to the zeal with which I have performed the duties devolving upon me. To the letters of my students (pp. 24- 37) I refer for testimony as to how far I have fulfilled the President's ideal in " inspiring thought, stimulating genius, and quickening their dormant energies^ Permit me to •remind you that what I have accomplished in the past has been done while burdened with work for which three men, are now thought necessary. - I beg leave very respectfully to ask your favorable con- sideration of my application. I have the honor to be, Sir. * Your obedient servant, DAVID REID KEYS. .^ -^^.u ,-, r . . - ■ ■ ^' «« ^fESTlMoisriALS. :/,;-' Geo. R. R. Oockburn, M.A., M.P., Principal Upper Canada College- I beg to cei-tify that David R. Keys, B.A., University of Toronto, was a pupil of Upper Canada College during the years. 1868-1874. He passed with distinction through all the Forms in the College, and during the last two years of his course he received the distinguished position of " Exhibitioner" in Forms V. and VI. During the whole of his career his application, conduct, and progress gave the greatest satisfaction, and in matriculation in the University of Toronto he carried off the Modern I*anguage Scholarship in the face of great competition. His distinguished career at the University speaks for itself. <- George R. R. Cockburn, M.A., • '• - ,^,v- ■ V - ' Principal. -\ U. C. College, April 23rd, 1881. ^ ^ J- Martland, MA. (Ozon), Classical Master, Upper Canada College. Mr. David Keys, B.A., Toronto, entered this institution in very early boyhood, and passed through the different classes, from the lowest to tiie highest, with a brilliant i-ecord, as he was Head Boy, or among the three Head Boys, at the end of each ses- sion, 1868-1874. Dui-ing the whole of this period Mr. Keys was a member of a class under my care in English, History, Greek, or Latin, and from the first attracted my attention by the deep interest he shewed in his work, and by his determination to overcome the difficulties he met with. Before he left us Mr. Keys had been an Exhibitioner for two years, and on Matriculation was awarded the Modern Languages 8 Scholarship in Toronto University. His success as a School-boy arose, in my humble judgment, entirely from patient industry joined to more than usually good abilities, and to a power of assimilating knowledge never likely to be lost. If my opinion is worth anything, and it seems to be confirmed by Mr. Keys' career so far, he is a man whose thirst for addi- tional learning is not likely to cease, and who will redeem the promise of his earlier days by securing for himself a distinguished reputation in literature, creditable to his country and to himself, as well as to all who have had the honor at any time of directing his studies. Jno. Martland, M.A., Oxon. Toronto, Nov., 1883. Sir Daniel Wilson, LL.D.. F.B.S.E., President of University College. (1) Mr. David R. Keys, a B.A. of the University of Toronto pursued his studies during his undergraduate course in Univer- sity College ; and took rank at his final examination first class in honors in the department of ModeiTi Languages. Mr. Keys took prizes in the College in German, French, Italian, in English Literature, and History, and in all his conduct as a student, commended himself to my good opinion by his diligence. Daniel Wilson, LL.D., Pres, Univ. Col. Toronto, April 23rd, 1881. (2) Mr. D. R. Keys, who has successfully fulfilled the duties of Lecturer in ^.he departments of History and English for the past two years, was selected to temporarily till the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Dr. Oldright as Lecturer in Italian ; and 1 have pleasure in testifying to the fidelity with which he has devoted himself to the work during the past year. Daniel Wilson. Universitj- College, Toronto, April 5, 1884. 9: J. Loudon, M-A., Professor of Physics and Mathematic;s, University CoUeee, Toronto. I have much pleasure in stating that Mr. Keys' attainments in the department of English, appear to me to be of a high order. His succes.s during his undergraduate course, his studies at Leipzig, and his subsequent experience in teaching, all go to show that he possesses the ability and enthusiasm which are essential to anyone who aspires to a Professor's chair. June 2nd, 1888. J. Loudon, M.A. Maurice Hutton, MA., Professor of Greek, University College ; Professor of Philology, University of Toronto. I am glad to be able to add a slight testimony . to my friend Mr. Keys' qualifications for the post he is seeking. On the technical question of his attainments as an English scholar, I shall leave it to specialists in that department to pronounce. My part is the simj)ler one of bearing witness to his high character and conscientious discharge of his duties, and to that kindliness of nature and geniality of manner which constitute so important a factor of a teacher's usefulness. Maurice Hutton. Toronto, Ont., May 7th, 1887. Rev. J. P. McCurdy, M.A., Ph.D., Professor of Oriental Languages and Literature, Toronto University. It gives me pleasure to certify to the high qualifications of Mr. D. R. Keys as a student of languages. My acquaintance with him enables me to testify to the breadth and accuracy of his philological attainments, and his faithful and successful work as a member of my Univei'sity Sanskrit class has shown me that in matteis of scholarly detail, he is ready, careful, and judicious. I have the utmost confidence that with the pro])er scope and opportunities Mr. Keys would adorn any position in any Uni- versity as a teacher of languages. J. F. McCURDY, Lecturer in Orient. Languages. University College, May 4th, 1887. X Wm- Dale, BIT. A., Lecturer on Latin, University College; Examiner in Toronto University. I have been associated on the staff of University College with Mr. D. R. Keys, B,A., for three years. So far as I am in a position to fonn an opinion his knowledge of English and Eng- lish Literature appears to me to be accui-ate and extensive. His wide acquaintance with other modern languages enables him to trace the influence of European thought on English literature in the various stages of its history, while his special knowledge of German and Gothic must be of jjeculiar value for pliilological purposes. I believe that he possesses the power of interesting students in the subject to which for some years he has devoted his chief attention as Lecturer in University College. William Dale. . University College, May 9tb, 1887. W. H- vanderSmisaen, MA., Lecturer on German, University College ; Librarian, University of Toronto. Mr. D. R. Keys, B.A., was one of my best ])upils in the German class that graduated in 1878, paying particular attention to the philology of that language, then introduced into University College for the first time, and to its affinities with English. The knowledge acquired here he subsequently further extended at the University of Leipzig where he attended, for three terms, the lectures of Professor Richard Paul Wulker, the leading English scholar of Germany, and also those of Professor Moritz Trautmann, coeditor with Professor Wiilker of "Anglia," the well-kuown journal of English philology. The names of these gentlemen stand as high i England for scholarship, both literary and philological, as they do in Germany, and they are quite the peers of Skeat, Morris and Sweet in the former country. These studies, in my opinion, eminently qualify Mr. Keys for a Professorship in English, backed as they are by untiring energy as a student and great faithfulness as a teacher. My position as University Librarian enables me to speak also of the extensive range of Mr. Keys' studies in his department, 11 during his tenure of the Lectureship in English at University College for the last few yeai-s. U^-l^r* W. H. vanderSmissen, .^, Lecturer on German o.t University College. , Univeraity College, 9th May, 1887. ■'-- ,-?■ Wm. Oldright, MA-, MD-, Mesuber of the Senate of the University of Toronto ; Professor in the Medical Faculty of Toronto University; formerly Lecturer on Italian and Spanish in University College- I have known Mr, D. R. Keys, B.A., intimately dui'ing his career as a Student and Lecturer at University College for the last fourteen years. As a Stutlent he v^as most painstaking and laborious ; his place in the class-lists is evidence of the pro- ficiency which he attained, and I am in a position to know that since he graduated he ha& been devoting himself unremittingly to the study ol English and other modern languages and literature, thus obtaining a wide knowledge of philology which should give him a great adva'^tage as professor of English Literature. He bu? strengthened this knowledge in a practical way by a resi- dence of some years on the continent of Europe. In addition to his attainments his urbane and courteous manner has made liim po|)ular with the professors and students with whom he has been associated. Wm. Oldright. Toronto, .7th December, 1888. W. H. Fraser, B-A., Gold Medallist in Modem Languages, Lecturer on Italian and Spanish, University College; Exam, iner in Modem Languages in the University of Toronto. It gives me j^leasure to testify to my very high api)reciation of the abilities of Mr. D. R. Key.s, B.A., and of liis attainments as a student of English in all the aspects which the .study of the language can piesent. I believe his studies in the older literature, including Anglo-Saxon, to have been mo.st thorough and con- sjtaentious. On the other hand, I should judge his acquaintance with the more modern literature of the language to be wide and accurate, while, at the 'same time, thei-e is no doubt that he possesses general literary taste and discrimination of a high order. It might be added that his extensive studies in the Romance and German literatures enable him to approach the study of English with exceptional advantages. I might state also that, having been a fellow-student of Mr. Keys at University College and since graduation as well, I have had exceptionally favorable opportunities of forming a correct estimate of him. W. H. Frasek. . 23rd May, 1887. -. J. C- Robertson, B-A-, Gold Medallist in Classics, Fellow of University College, Scholar of Johns Hopkins University, ( Classical Master in Owen Sound Collegiate Institute. An intimate acquaintance of three years with Mr. D. R. Keys, while working together in University College, justifies me in speaking in the highest terms of his ability, energy and high attainments in English. Not only in the interpretation and criticism of English Literature, but also in the branch of English Philology, which requires wide reading and the knowledge of many languages, are his sterling qualities as student and teacher markedly shewn. His energy and enthusiasm for his work are very great, and the interest and faithfulness he shows would ensure success in one of even less brilliant attainments than Mr. Keys. My intercourse with him was one of the most pleasant and profitable parts of my tenure of the Fellowship, and I have not the slightest doubt that, especially when no longer handicapped by extra work that would have crushed many men, he will fill the Chair of English with distinguished honour to his College. J. C. Robertson, B.A., May, 1887. 13 Prof. Carlo Salvioni, PhD. (Leipsic), Author of *' Fonetica del Dialetto Modern© della citta di Milz.no," (The Phoheth-^ of '''"Italian «>• spoken iti Milan.") Professor of Italian, University- of Turin- • m.;: nh-imy; ^sst'yih tij fi:::^ ■ ;.. .J;f;^ ■ Dichiaro sulF onor mio cbe ii Sigiior Davidde Keys studid con me filologia romauza all' universita di Lipsia, e die pelle fre- quentibsiine conversazioni ch' io ebbi con lui anche in lingua italiana, lo ritengo capace di coprire una catted la di tilologia romanza in generale, e di lingua e letteratura italiane in ispeciale. In fede di che. mi sottoscrivo, Carlo Salvioni, Dottore in Filosofia. Milano, li 14 Novembie, 1883. - LTranslation]. I declare npon my honor that Mr. David Keys studied Romance philology with me at the University of Leipsic, and that from the very frequent conversations which I had with him in the Italian language, I consider him capable of filling a chair of lioniance Philology in general, and the Italian language and literature iu particular. In faith whereof I sign invself, Carlo Salvioni, Doctor of Philosophy. Milan, Italy, Nov. U. 1883. Eugene Ritter, Professor of French, University of Geneva- Mr. David Keys a suivi, a I'nniversite de Geneve, dans les^ dernidres semaines du semestre d'et^ qui vient de finir, mon cours sur I'histoire de la langue frauQaise, et mes lemons publique.s d'interpretation d'anciens textes fran^ais. Je lui ai donne aussi quelques lemons particulieres dans les- quelles nous avons traduit des morceaux de la Chrestomatkie de Vane, franqaisy de Bartsch, et de mon Recneil de morceaux choisis en vieux franqais. J'ai reconnu, en Mr. David Keys, un homme intelligent et instruit. En particulier, il est familier avec I'ancien f raii^ais. Deja il poss^de les connaissances necessaires pour professer avec succes les branches qu'il cultive. En outre, comme il est jeune encore^ 14 quence. Mr. Keys lias the intellectual qualitieations for the position and he is moreover a man of such a temjier and tone as to bring the College more fully inter sympathy with the people of this country, and to bring thfr people into sympathy with the College. *^- Alfrhd H. Rayna«, M.A. Prof. Eng. Lit. '■ Victoria College, OobOurg, May 20, 1887. P- Toews, MA, Professor of German, McGill College, Montreal- An intimate acquaintance of twelve years standing enables me to bear testimony to the admirabh; (pialities and thorough scholarship of Mr. D. R. Keys, B. A. T consider him eminently fitted for the position of a Professor of English. His attainments in the department of which he has made a specialty are such at^ only a most careful early training, great natural fitness and taste for the study of languages and many years of arduous labor can procure. .^^ After a brilliant University career Mr. Keys continued in Germany and in France the study of those two languages which enter so largely into the structure of F]ngiish. His academic course in Europe was not less creditable than that which he took in this country. Jn a few year? he not oidy mastered completely modern French and German, which languages he spoke already tlueutly and correctly, when he was still a student in Toronto, but he also acquired a thorough knowledge of those languages in their earlier stages. To such high attainments Mr. Keys unites ex|»erience as a Lecturer and a moral character that has won for him the esteem of his class-mates, his students, and his colleagues. ; P. ToEws, M. A., McGill College, MontreaL Nov. 19, 1888. Rev- A. H. Newman, M.A., LLD., Professor of History, Toronto Baptist College- Mr. D. R. Keys, — My Dear Sih. — I was greatly pleased to learn that the Minister of Education has decided to create a Professor-ship of English in our Provincial University, at an IT early date. The Philological study of the English tongue is becoming every year more important, and no institution can any longer claim to be in the front rank that does not make ample provision for the instruction in this department. There can be no question as to the right of English to a place side by side with Latin, Greek, French, German, and Hebrew ; and in point of utility, it certainly outranks some of these language.^. From what I have written, vou will readilv jjather that I con- ceive of the work of this department as in great part philological. To be sure, a due amount of attention must be given to the cultiva- tion of pure literai'y tastes, and to the acquisition of a broad and accurate knowledge of tlie English Classics, and of the history of English Literature. But it holds to reason, that if we would understand a literature in any proper sense, we must first master philologically the language in which it is written. The English language is so highly composite in its structure, that the Pro fessor in tliis department must be acijuainted with all of the princi[)al languages that have entered into its formation. Besides Latin and Greek, the Professor of English should be familiar with the French language in its ^lediaeval dialectic forms, with German, High and Low, in both modei-n and Mediaeval forms and dialects, and especially with Anglo-Saxon and Early Eng- lish. If, in addition to this jtreparation, he possesses a general familiarity with Indo-European philology, so much the better. I believe, my dear sir, that you possess the qualifi ->: James M- Hunter, M-A., LLB-, English Master, Barrie Colle- giate Institute. A long acquaintance with Mr. Keys and his work enables me to say that there could not be a more enthusiastic student, a more conscientious teacher, or a more unwearied laborer for the advancement of his students. Mr. Keys' scholarship is beyond question, and he has the advantage of five years' experience as a lecturer in the department of Knglish. James M. Hunter. January U, 1889. J. B, Wilson, BA., English Master, Stratford Coll. Inst. Mr. D. R. Keys, B.A., the present popular Lecturer on Eng- lish in University College, Toronto, being a candidate for the Chair in English about to be established in University College, ' .23 I have much pleasure as one deeply interested in tl»e teaching of English in our Provincial University, in laying before the Min- ister of Edncation what I believe to be some of the qualities possessed by Mr. Keys, which eminently fit him for the position. 1. He is thoroughly in sympathy with the students. This quality I hold to be as essential in ,a College Professor as in a teacher of a Public School. Without it sufficient interest will not be taken in the imparting of information ; much of the work will be done in a perfunctory manner : and thus the students will be deprived of a vast amount of knowledge which it is their right to acquire. 2. Both in and out of the lecture room he is noted for his courtesy and kindness to the students. He is an energetic and efficient teacher before his class, and is also pleased to see a student visit him privately to receive help in his difficulties. 3. Mr. Keys is a man of broad culture, seems to possess an intimate acquaintance with the whole i-ange of English Litera- ture, and by his practice of drawing from his vast fund of knowledge matter to elucidate the subject in hand, makes his lectures highly interesting and very instructive. 4. Mr. Keys possesses an artistic literary sensibility, and a vei y critical taste, qualities of prime importance to the teacher of English Literature. 5. Mr. Keys' extensive study of the chief Modern Languages of Europe in connection with that of English, has made him a learned philologist. 6. In connection with his teaching, Mr. Keys questions exten- sively. Many teachers and professors lack in this respect. The student is thrown too much on his own resources. Difficulties should be explained, beauties should be ))ointed out, and there is no better way of doing these things than by using the Socra- tic method of teaching. John B. Wilson, B.A., EwjUsh Master. Stratford Coll. Inst., June 13th, 1887. £. p. Davis, BA.. Barrister, &c. As I understand that a Chair of Englisli Literature is about to be established iu Toronto Univei-sity, and that Mr. D. R. Keys is an applicant for the Professorship thereof, I take great pleasure in bearing testimony (as far as any testimonial of mine may go) as an old graduitte of the University, to the peculiar fitness of Mr, Keys for that position. I have known Mr. Keys for some fourteen years, and know that during that time, and indeed for a long time before, he had made a special study of English Literature, and with the best results. I can truthfully say that I know no one so peculiarly fitted, in the way of ability, research and love for the subject, for the position of Professor of the proposed Chair as Mr. Keys ; and in so speaking, I am actuated by the desire, common, I think to all University men, of seeing the University Professorships tilled by the men who will do most credit to the University. E. P. Davis, B.A. Calgary, Al'ta, Dec. 17th, 1888. T. Arnold Haultain, MA-, Examiner in the University of Toronto, &c., &c., During a more or less intimate connexion with L^niversity College and the University of Toronto, during a period of some ten years, I have had many opportunities of hearing of Mr. D. R. Keys, B.A., and his labours as Lecturer. T believe him to be a conscientious, zealous, and capable teacher ; and have much pleasure in expressing the o})inion that he deserves, and will well fill, a high post in the Professoriate. T. Arnold Haultain. Toronto, Ont., May 9th, 18S7. H. H- Langton, MA., Registrar, Toronto University, Prizeman in English- My Dear Mr. Keys. — My acquaintance with you as a lecturer at University College was, unfortunately for me, limited to one yeai\ In my last year at the University you lectured to us on the plays of Shakespeare prescribed for Honor work. In those lectures you trained us to a careful and accurate verbal criticism of the text, duly subordinate however to a com- prehension of the character and of the general scope of the play. Your ability to grasp the significance of a character or situation, and more than that to make us appreciate it and enter into it with you, appeared to me then, and still api)ears to me to be very happy qualifications for a lecturer on English in its higher departments. I sincerely hope you will obtain the chair of English, and 1 am sure you would fill it in a manner worthy of the Univei-sity. I am, ' \ \.' '-.'I -. Yours very truly, H. H. Langton. 115 Beverley St., May IGth, 1887. John Squair, B.A., Gold Medallist in Modern Languages ; Lec- turer on French, University College ; sometime Examiner in Toronto University. I have had the pleasure of being acquainted with Mr. D. R. Keys, B.A., for about five yeai-s. During a portion of that time he was my instructor in Eng- lish in Univer'jiity College, and I can bear testimony to the wide and varied learning, untiring industry and unfailing good temper and kindness which he displayed in the performance of liis duties. Since that time I have been associated with Mr. Keys as an instructor on the stafi of University College, and have had good opportunities of learning how comprehensive liis knowledge is of those cognate languages an acquaintance wuth which is so neces- sary to a right un«levstanding of English. Above all I have learned to respect Mr. Keys as a conscientious, diligent and kind-hearted gentleman whose intiuence on the students with whom he has intercourse must be of a most beneficial nature. John Squair, B.A., Lecturer in French in University College. Toronto, Ont., May 9th, 1887. Miss Ella Gardiner, B.A., Professor of Modern Languages, Albert College, Belleville- While a student at University College I attended regularly the Lectures in English given by Mr. D, R. Keys, and consider that they were of great benefit to me. The high literary attain- ments of Mr. Keys were undisputed, and his proficiency in Philology could not but be evident to all. I shall always regard him as a gentleman of high ability and most readily bear testi- mony to his earnestness and untiring energy in the Lecture Room. Mr. Keys possessed to a great degree the faculty of inspiring me with a love for study and a desix-e for further research. Being assured therefore of his competency for the position for which he has applied, I need only add that nothing would afford me greater pleasure than to hear of his appointment as Professor of English in University College. Ella Gardiner, Albert College, Belleville. Miss E. Balmer, B- A, sometime Professor of Modem Languages in Brantford Ladies' College ; Modern Language Teacher, Strathroy Collegiate Institute. During the last two years of my course at Toronto University* I was a regular attendant at the lectures given by Mr. Keys in the different departments under his charge, and have now much pleasure in recording the continued gratification which these lectures gave me, and my conviction that in Mr. Keys we have one eminently worthy to represent the English department in the most honorable position that can be given to it in University College. In English Literature the effect of his instruction was to arouse in us a thirst for peisistent reading by leading us to share his appreciation of the many examples of literary art which he was daily presenting to us. While thus encouraging the receptive faculties, Mr. Keys seemed to me especially helpful and sympa- thetic in the more important work of developing the active powers of the mind. He was enthusiastic in inciting his pupils to original composition, and his criticism of our efforts was thorough ancb inspiring. The University curriculum does not yet give any l>lace to the study of the early forms of our language, but should provision ever be made for this, I hope that the work of instruction may be intrusted to Mr. Keys, for the plan he adopted in his lectures on Gothic in my final year showed me that the study of the archaic forms of a language is not tedious, bnt fascinating. If Anglo-Saxon and Early Englsh are ever to form part of a post graduate course in Toronto University, I hope it may be my privilege to have Mr. Keys' guidance in a study for which he is so well adapted to awaken strong enthusiasm. Eliza Balmer, B,A. Brantford. Charles Wnetham. BA., Fellow of Johns Hopkins University; Modern Language Master, Upper Canada College. Toronto ; Fellow of University College. I have been acquainted with Mr. David R. Keys for nearly four years, and during my Fourth undergraduate session, attend- ed his lectures in English and Italian in University College. In the lecture room and out of it, Mr. Keys has always beeih the same earnest, conscientious, and whole-hearted gentleman. From this consideration alone, he could not fail to win the love and respect of his students ; but in addition to this, Mr. Keys has had opportunities to equip himself for the teaching of Modern Languages, such as few, if any. graduate.s of Toronto University have enjoyed. In the departmentof English, with which ]Mr. Keyshas beenmore especially identified in University College, he has the advantage of being acquainted with the older periods of the language and literature, i»nd of knowing also the more iniportant cognate lan- guages — not to mention his acquaintance with several meml)ers of the Romance Group, to some of which a very important ])lace must be given in the historic treatment of the English language and literature ; sound scholarship in English would seem impos- sible except on this broad and firm foundation. Not only is it necessary that teacher.s of English to-day should have the war- mest sympathy with the comparative method of literary and linguistic study ; an intimate first hand acquaintance with the languages and literatures compared, in their earlier as well as Uieir later period, seems indispensable also. Under such condi- tions only can we be sure that each period of the language and literature will be presented in its just perspective and with pro- per emphasis. I very gladly bear testimony to Mr. Keys' untiring industry and patience as a student and teacher of literature and language. Charles Whetham. Toronto, May 19th, 1887. T- Logie, B.A.. Dr. Wilson Medallist in Modem Languages in University College ; Fellow of Modern Languages, Johns Hopkins University. During the years of my undergraduate course in University College, I have atteJided Mr. Keys' lectures on the English language and literature, to clusses of both Honor and Pass students, with the greatest satisfaction. I was particularly im- pressed with his extensive and minute knowledge of Teutonic Philology which is an indispensable requisite for the proper teaching of the English language to Univ^ersity classes. His wide reading of English literature, his delicate literary taste and tine feeling, not only in negative but in constructive criticism, enable students to follow him as a safe guide in all matters relating to English. The aesthetic finish of the pro- ductions of Mr. Keys' pen, of which I have read some specimens, puts him on a level, in this respect, with some of the best prose writers of the day. I have no hesitation in recommending Mr. Keys as thoroughly competent to perform the duties of a University Chair in English. T. Logie, B.A., Toronto, June 8, 1887. 29 John H. Cameron,' B. A- , Medallist in Modem Languages, Fellow of University College. • I have known Mr. D. R. Keys, B. A., personally or by reputa- tion for the last eleven years, and for a short part of that time I was a student in his classes. Since then I have made a more intimate acquaintance with him, and have found no reason to change the good opinions I then formed of his character and ability. One of Mr. Keys' marked qualities is a kind readiness to assist his students, and a ceaseless anxiety for their welfare. He aims as much to educate as to instruct, and he is always ready to discuss the grounds of his conclusions and to aid his students in their own investigations. He possesses, moreover, accurate info" ^nation over an unusually broad range of subjects ; and as for literary attainments, I can say from experience that one needs to have attended his lectures to know in what decree he is gifted with literary taste and critical insight. In Mr. Keys we have not only a teacher but a gentleman whose purity of motive, self-sacrificing devotion to work, and genei-al worth cannot fail to make his moral influence witii the students entirely beneficial. John H. Camerox, FfUoiv in French and German, University CoUeyp. A. F. Chamberlain, BA., 1886, Fellow of University College, Sir, — As an Honour Graduate in Modern Languages, and a regu- lar attendant upon Lectui*es in University College in the De- partment of English, I can from experience attest the bene 't derived from Mr. D. R. Keys, B.A., who I understand is a. applicant for the position of Professor of English in the Uni- versity. From what I have learnt of him during the years of my course, with regard to his methods, grasji of the subject, and general professional character, I am sure that by appointing him to the position in question a great honour would be done to 30 -our College, encoui-agement offered to our own graduates, and an able and efficient Professor of English secured. I remain, Yours sincerely, Alex, F. Chahbeblaix. 34 Arthur St., Toronto, May 10th, 1887. W. p. Mustard, B.A., Gold Medallist in Classics, Fellow of University College- After a long and intimate acquaintance with Mr, D. R. Keys, English Lecturer in University College, I am glad to state my admiration for his wide linguistic attainments, for the faithful painstaking accuracy which characterizes all his work, and for his successful efforts to make the study of English Literature more interesting and more fruitful Wilfred P. Mustard. University College, Jan. 15th, 1889. W- Harley Smith, BA-, MB-, Gold Medallist in Modern Languages, Late Modern Language Master of Strathroy Collegiate Institute. It was my pleasure to study under Mr. Keys in the latter part of my undergraduate course and I have much pleasure in stating that his lectures were highly instructive and interesting. His thorough knowledge of our own literature and of the various literatures of Europe and America, his true appreciation of the difficulties of the student and his keen sympathy with every University movement, all tend to make him the successful teacher. His studies and travels in European countries, and his long -experience as a lecturer in the English and Italian departments of University College, give him a .strong claim upon the Chair of English about to be established. Moreover, it is time that we, as a young Canadian nation, should recognize the merits of our 31 ■own graduates, by asking them to fill positions in our educational institutions. W. Harley Smith, B.A., M.B., Gold Medallist in Modern Languages in 1884, Late Modern Language Master in Strathroy Collegiate Iniititute. Toronto, 19th Dec, 1888. E. C Jeffrey, BA, Dr. Wilson Medallist in Modern Languages, sometime Modern Language Master in Brantford Coll. Inst. Having attended the lectures of Mr. Keys with pleasure and profit during four yeai-s, I may express an opinion as to his fitness for the honorable position of Professor of English Litera- ture in the Univertiity of Toronto. He has ever distinguished himself V)y qualities of mind and manner which roused the inter- est of his students as much as his moral integrity won their respect. As an undergraduate I always admired the breadth of his scholarship, which from the heavy duties of his lectureship must have been the pouring out of stored up learning, and not of what had been recently acquired. But in addition to his merits as a scholar, the fruits of diligence and prolonged visitij to European seats of learning, should be mentioned even prefer- ably his inspiring appieciation of English Literature, both in it.self, and also in relation to the Literatures of France, Germany, Italy, and Spain. A series of essays on the great names of the later literature of England read to the Fourth Year class of 1888, excited in us admiration of his taste and literary discrimination. We are encouraged that a fellow countryman should have been able to show us beauties and excellencies in English Literature, which, as it were, from lack of a prophet speaking to us in our own tongue, we were almost disposed to regard as the enchant- ment of distance. Mr. Keys has supported with credit the duties of the lecturer's desk, and it seems a hope, at once patriotic, «nd in accordance with the time honored custom of an ancient English seat of learning that having reasoned well, he should receive as his tripos a professor's chair. Edward C. Jeffrey, B.A. 32 R. Balmer, B A , English and Modern Language Master in King- ston Coll. Inst., Silver Medalist in Mod. Lang. As an Honor Msin of the Fourth Year, 1882 — 1883, and as an acquaintance since theu, I beg to express liere my respect for the scliolarship of Mr. Keys, and my belief that he could fill in every way with credit the Chair of English proposed to be estab- lished in Universiity College. Accurate and finely sympathetic in his knowledge of English literatuie, he C!inni>tfail to be eminently useful in encouraging and directing literary work amongst the students. I shall think this l)y far the most important department in very safe liands, if Mr. Keys shall be the choice for the position. Robert Balmer, B.A. Coll. Inst., Kingston, Ont., May 2nd, 1887. ... ., H. H. Dewart, B. A., Barrister, &c. ; As I understand the name of Mr. D. R Keys, B.A., has been mentioned in connexion with the new chair in English to be established in University College, I desire to express my hearty approval of his appointment. Asa student in the graduating class of 1883, I formed the highest o[)inion not only of his scholarship and thorough knowledge of our Englisli Literature, but also of his ability and courtesy as a teacher. I feel assured that he would inspire in others, as he did in me. a deeper intere.st in and truer ap[»reciation of our English classics. He brings a strong [)ersonal love for the .subject to his work, which cannot fail to stimulate the interest of uis students, and develope individual thought. I feel assured that there is no one whose api>ointraent would give more unqualified and general ^atisfaction. H. H. Dewart, (B.A.) Toronto, May 12th, 1887. . > L. H. Alexander, M.A., English Master. Owen Sound Collegiate Institute. I have much pleasure in testifying of my appreciation and high estimation of Mr. Keys as an English scholar and teacher 33 For the period, during which our association as teacher aud stu- dent lasted, he gradually won my respect and confidence. His habitual affability and genuine interest in the students imnvidu- »lly, were such as to awaken and sustain a real attractiveness in the subjects he had charge of. I have no doubt, that, if he were placed in thb position ]}e covets, he would reflect honor on our Provincial Univcrj-ity. L. H. Alexander, M.A. Owen Sound, May 7, 1887. J. H. Bowes, BA , Barrister, &c-, Prizeman in English. Dear Mr. Keys, I am glad to know that there is a prospect of you)- becom- ing Professor of English at the University of Toronto. Myself an old student of yours there, I can testify to your talent and zeal. Your lectures did much to forward an appreciation of our own literature and in the wider sphere of professor your success would no doubt be even greater. ' Yours truly, J. H. Bowes. May 20th, 1887, Toronto Street, Toronto. Fred. S. Sykes, MA., formerly English Master, Strathroy Col- legiate Institute, now Modem Language Master, Parkdale H. S. As an old pupil of Mr. D. R. Keys, T feel great pleasure in giving my testimony to his ability, both as a man and as a teacher. I have found in him the sound and extensive scholar- ship that a successful course in Toronto, combined with the advantages of German and Italian Universities can aff'ord ; as a lectiu'er, sparing no toil to render his work valuable ; as a man, full of sympathy for his students, ever ready to help them with advice and encouragement, winning a deserved jwpularity for his many virtues and a kindly place in the memory of the students, to whom he has done good. Fred. H. Sykes, M.A., (■/• Master in the Institute, Collegiate Institute, Strathroy, May 27, 1887. 34 J. N- Dales, BA, Prizeman in English ; Modern Language J* ' Master, Kingston Collegiate Institute. • ^ It is with ». Dales, " Modern Lanyvaye Master, KimjHton Collegiate Institute. F. J. Steen, BA-, Chicago, HI-, University Prizeman in French. It gives me s{)ecial pleasure to speak in behalf of Mr. D. R. Keys' capabilities as a teacher, as to him I consider that much of the benefit of my University training is to be traced. For the four years of my University coui-se I was, in the sub- ject of English, under the care of Mr. Keys. In consequence I think that I know, as far as an undergraduate may know, his characteristics as a scholar and a teacher. ." I would then specially mention such of his qualities as Lecturer on English as most iraj)re8sed me when an underg-aduate. They are : A thorough love of the subject, the effect of which was to kindle at least in myself a sinnlar liking. A habit of preparing himself for each lecture probably more pronounced than I have ever known before, and leading to the greatest thoroughness. A delicacy and retiiiement in tht treatment of literature that is quite exceptional, and is the result of similar natural qualities. A geniality that helped to brighten the many dry and abstruse parts of this important subject. The method adopted by Mr. Keys in the lecture room I think most ha))py. It consists in intersj)ersing the lecture proper with numerous important questions bearing on the lesson or subject for the day, so as to compel close attention on the part of the student, and to give an insight into the general knowledge and progress of the class — a thing in my opinion most imj)ortant and useful for the instructor and instructed alike. From every lecture it was apparent that Mr. Keys is a very close student. I hope Mr. Keys may soon continue, in a higher position, those great services to higher education '\ hicli he has heretofore so largely rendered. **/*- " ' ' '' Frederick J. Steen, B.A. Edwin A- Hardy, BA-, English Master, Lindsay Collegiate Institute. As the question of a Professorship of English Literature is now before the authorities of Toronto University, I desire to say a few words upon the subject. As a graduate of Toronto University, who has devoted a great deal of time to the study of English, I feel that I can sp^ak with some authority. First let me say that I am glad that the authorities have now jK)wer to place the department of English in a fair condition. The appointment of a Professor of English Literature will tend to give a great impetus to the study of English in Onta'io. There is one important thing to be borne in mind in this matter, however, and it is this ; We are a young nation in this Dominion of onrs, but a people with grand jjossibilities. With our bright-eyed, stiong-limbed citizens, daily increasing in prosperity and culture ; with our unrivalled school system sending out highly educated scholars year by }earj with all 36 ■ these most favorable conditions, why shouhl wo not grow into a grand nation ? And as we are steadily growing that way shall we not aid the movement by encouraging Canadian talent and scholarship? Mr. D. R. Keys, B.A., who is now an applicant for the Chair of English Literature, is a Canadian, educated in Canada, with a brilliant academic career, and with experience in Canada as an educator of University men. He is thoi'oughly familiar with Canadian life and thought, conversant with the methods and aims of Toronto University, and fitted by experience in University College to be an able and successful Professor of English. I wish to bear testimony to the esteem in which Mr. Keys is held by his students. As a warm-hearted sympathetic man, ever in touch with his students, and ever exerting himself to his utmost on their behalf, he has few rivals in Toronto University. As a teacher I desire to mention particularl}' his lectures on Philology and English Literature. He has kindled in me a desire for the advanced study of Philology that will probably guide my future career as a student and his lectures on English Literature have been to me a source of pleasure and inspiration. I believe that with the greater advantage a Professorship gives, Mr. Keys.' lectures would be such as to kindle among the students an enthusiasm for English and greatly aid in the development of the stuly in Canada. His Canadian education, sympathies, and tastes would influence greatly the development of a Canadian national sentiment, for Toronto University, our alma mater so dear to us, mu.st ever be in the van of national feeling. ' ' " ' ' In conclusion, I desire to express my strong hope that Mr. Keys may be given the Chair in the University of Toronto feeling confident that his abilities and experience fit him, in an especial manner, to fulfil its responsible duties. In my hope I know I but voice the hope of many graduates of our University who uesire to see Canadian talent fostered and Canadian nation- ality encouraged and built up. Edwin A. Hardy, B A. ■ Dec. 6, 1888. 37 £• G. Hogarth, BA., Modem Language Master, Fetrolia HS. Having had the privilege of attending for four years Mr. Keys' lectures in English Literature and Rhetoric, I have had a good opportunity of judging of his capacity and ability ms a lecturer. It affords nie therefore much p]e:>«ure to state that he shewed an exceedingly wide and critical acquaintance with English authors, and also that he has in a large measure made their merits his own. In addition to this, his intimate knowledge of the grammar and history of the early stages of the English Language, together with his thoroughness as a philologer will specially fit him to fill with credit and efficiency the Cuair of English in our Provincial Univereity. As a gentleman, Mr. Keys has by his affable manner and courtesy won for himself the highest esteem of the under- graduates. Dec. 7th, 1888. E. G. Hogarth, B.A., Mod. La)iy. ^ faster, l^etrolia H.S. Gordon Waldron, B A., President Modern Languages Association, University College. As a graduate of Toronto University, I can speak with con- fidence of Mr. D. R. Keys as a teacher of English. He is possessed of a wide and accui'ate knowledge of English philology and literature, and of a refined and elevate