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Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont filmAs en commenpant par la premiAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'Impresslon ou d'iiiustration et en terminant par la derniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles sulvants apparattra sur la dernlAre Image de cheque microfiche, solon Ie cas: ie symbols —^ signifie "A 8UIVRE ", Ie symbols ▼ signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre film6s A des taux de rMuction diffirents. Lorsque Ie document est trop grand pour Atre reprodult en un seui clichA, 11 est film* d partir de i'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche h droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant ie nombre d'images nAcessalre. Les diagrammes sulvants lllustrent la mAthode. 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 / ^«:i*--i.(i MANITOBA SCHOOL QUESTION! Meii7itoba. RcIe\tioi7s o( tipc 0f?Urcl7 to the ©iVil J\atf?onity. Dincct e^i^d Ii7dincct F5xpci7ditUiTc or? Eicclosie^sticisrr?. ^iteiUfi,.-- - ^■&<--'j^'U:'-^i > ,1- -:- 4 \ /^y^^uo rfV ■ J • 7o'220 ^ 1 %. -:.:. =,. * ' - - -k- "m HANITOBA SCHOOL QUESTION. V Thn ^filnItobA nrhool question is otici* H(;aiii one of, if not the luosti liiirniiiu: >HtioiiH of tbfl day. At tlio Ki>pruti<^liitiK election!* the elec- torate mwAt decide how it Ih to bo doalt with in the next parliniuont. It in hardly too much to Hay that in the n«ar future it inunt be decided whether th*) French-CanadianH* bane- ful rule, which for so many yearH dominated Ontario (then I'pper Can- ada), Ih now to control, not Manito- ba only, but the Dominion. SucceHs in the French hierarchy's polii^y as to the A[atiitoba schools moans vic- tory for the French-Canadians all alon^ the line. Mr. Dalton Mc- Carthy has been the chief defender in Dominion politics of the rights of the people of Manitoba respecting their educational system. For this reason the French-Canadian press has paid a ^ood deal of attention to Mr. McCarthy. The clerical papers, after their usual fashion, denounce the P. P. A.'s, the Orangemen, and the Ontario people (generally, and make it appear tbat doye-like [-eace would rei(;n throughout tb" land buc for their ferocious bigotry, of which tne McCarthy movement is a con- crete oxpre.ssion, "supported," says La Verite, "by all the Satanic ele- ments." The chief accusation levelled at Mr. McCarthy himself is that he is Ruilty of stirring up a Protestant crusade with respect to education in Manitoba. That is a crime on his part, for the Manitol)a school n Orangin trouhlni) the Catholic MiniKtAra of th« Crown, with Sir Amhroae Shea and 8|)«akflr Kent at their head, re- •{(Cned their officea. The Proteat- anta joined hande. and formed « Cab- inet, which, aa they thought waa to laat forever ; but the Catholic mem- ber!, aided by one ProteHtat t mem- ber, watched their oiportiinity and bowled over two Adrainistra- tiona in lena than no time. It became necesHary to Polirit their eo*operat!on. They accepted the olJTe branch. Rhilosopher has described the Roman Catholic church in mod- ern Kurope as the ghost of the old Roman Empire sitting enthroned ou the grave thereof. In French Cana< da she is not a ghost, but an exceed- ingly able-bodied despotism, and the tremendous power she wields over the liyee and fortunes, the finances and politics, of this community, has been acquired bit by bit, through making a show of loyalty at oppor- tune times. FltHNCH-rANADIAW TACTICS. The battle-smoke had hardly rolled away from the Heights of Abraham when the Roman Catholic clergy per- ceived that it was to their interest to make a friend of the new master. The colony was in a desperate plight, - Bigot, the intendant, with his en- touraj^o of boodlera and harlots, had robbed it until there was nothing left to steal ; France had deserted it ; a fresh campaign was out of the ques- tion. Large privileges had been ob- : ^ "% r. 1^ 1 I 'iiliifil for thr rtffrsy nmt THaliopii llrian'l hiiJ Pleisiii n*H to work tu whnfldle othcri out of *\i« liritinh Miniatry. Thny Iku('<-*<><(|(>(1 Mtlinir- hl»Iy. From hein^ jii>t tol»«r»ie«l. tilt churrh lOon b«cftiiie a iluininMrr Miul all'porvRdinfc intluciicH. thfl rival if uol ib« itu|>«riur of th« civil wu- t liorlty. Her lilflhopa w<«r<)ofT1i'i»nv rAooKnU* ¥i\ «■ (,'atholir biKliopM, Flt^N-iiif hiiii- ■•If rectivfld an itnpen.il pAtiMion. 'I'he right of the fioixj to noiiiinate biaho|>H wa.s rendered HbHolutd ; that \» to aay, the rule which prflvaiied durlDK the reKiinn of t ranc(< of giv- in|{ the Mtate the ri(*ht to ubj«u-r. to a nominee who in im judKiuRnt ini);hi prove dariKerouH to the rtiipreinacy waa abolitihed. When a Hch(>ine fui- promoting primary education, which iiad been altogether ncKlt^C't*^^! ^'V t^he clerjcv, was introduced in I7>i'.'. they were pernitted to stran(;le it on tlm Ifround that it did not v«!Ht control of the !4chool8 in them, and the samn fate overtook later measures of thu uame sort. That wau the beginning of the separate school controviMMy in Canada. Look after the divinion of the colony into two provinces, thav were allowed to tithe in the Upper Canada counties of GlenKitry and Essex. They assert to this day that they have a rl({ht to tithe IConian (l)atholic populations in any part of the region embraced in New France- that is, anywhere thiH side of the liocky Mountains. '-There i.s no doubt at all," says the lute Dr. I). A. O'Siillivan, in his -I'^ssays" on the Church in Canada, "that the other provinces and territories in Canada, except probably Britinh Columbia and some of the Hud.son Bay tcri- tory, como within the treaty of 17G3 or the Act of 1774." Kivinc the church the status of an established church, with power to tithe and tax her own subjects. gi:ii) PRO gi;o. How did the clersry accomplish these things ? Wo all know the an- swer. Mr. Chauveau, in a well- known article in the little work "Le Deuxieme Centenaire," etc., which l»«arii th^ imprimatur of Car- dinal 'i'HNohereaii, lias answered by He«iril)ing the happy effecc of the involution ill t he American culoniea upon the rolaiiona between the clerKV and the HriiiMh >' nfTuct of the war of \x\\i. Whtu Hritain wan iii the midHt of those danKsra, the i leritv stood by her. and then turned round and demanded a guid pro v^uu. Moreover, aa Mr. Chauveau says, the Americans had denounced the <^iie- i>ec Act of 1771 erttabliahinK the Ro- man Catholic reliticion, as an oi'.traK« upon the polity and future well-beinK of the .New World, and for that the church never forgeve them. Thfn a(;ain there was notl.inK to be gained in the war of \H\2 by looking tu France ; the French Revolution had swept away the whole 'abric of clericalism, and mankind were be- Kinning to stlind erect all over F.ut- ope. If the reader wants full parti- culsrs of the wonderfully adroit man- ner in which the clergy "piill(>d the wool" over the eyes ef the Ih-itiHh Ministers and secured priviiegett more far-reaehing than any they had enjoyed whilst the colony belonged to France, let him consult I/.\bbe Feriand's biography of Mgr. i'lessis. LOYALTY I'AID. Papineau's rebellion in lK:i7 fur- nished another opportunity for turn- ing loyalty to account, and full ad- vantage was taken of it. The Sul- piciaus of Montreal had sent sub- scriptions to England for carrying on the war against Napoleon, had sub- scribed for the erection of a monu- ment to Nelson in Montreal, had Kung Te Deums for his and other British victories. In 1H37 they lash- ed the "patriots," and refused them christian burial. Anti in IH.'til or thoreabouts they got an Act passed removing a cloud 'ipon their seignor- ial title to the island of Montreal, whereby they were entitled under the aeignorial law to pounce down upon one-twelfth of the proceeds of all real estate transactions, no mat- ter if the property changed hands tl-Tf •vary day in tb« week Tli»>ir tovalty WM tliut trKnaiDut««t iiitu rfttli. Thfly art* now by oiMn the rlcltAHi corporation In CanaiU I i>avii it to Mr. LaHatnina. thn luiat tmldpendtint authority an the aiihjnnt, if tliey could not put down dullar for dollHr with any three of our hnitkN, iiiclud- icK the Hank of Moritrnal. Thu churrh at larKu made uoll out of tliM rebellion. All MoriH of arriii)(r, and by the limo I'p- per and Lower Canadii wero uiiititd lU iHlt, Mhe was Hnrurnd Ht;>iiiiHt, Hiiy polNibln attack. When 3011 i>>ad iIih mandementR of BiHhop LnrtiKue of Montreal, in which \u'. chIIchI th<)lioly antfels to witne.sH liis loyalty und that of the clertty. Yen ini<;(ht nny "Well done, your lordHhip, you are •ervini; Britain in her hour of need, and all for the Bake of the KIhk of Peace." Hut when you turn to liord Durham's report, and linti that hitth authority say injf :—"'riu't ft ig every roason to believe that h ^roat ni.m- ber of the pnaNunts who fouf<;ht at St. Dennis and St. Charles iiuHKined that the principal reflult of their suc- cess would be the overthrow of the tithes and feudal burdens." Your opinion of Mgr. Lurti(;ue as an un- selfish patriot has to bo r^alled in for revision. The most infamous public crime ever perpetrated in Cauada fol- lowed the suppression oi' the rebell- ion — the exteution, by aniondmenlH craftily added to the statutes, of the French civil law with its tithos and fabrique taxes to all thai portion of Quebec lying outside the I-'ronch pur- ishes existinp; in 17().'t. The Imperial Government hud never contemplated such a step. The Hei^nioral tenure and the French parochiiil law were established, or, rather, continued in those parishes, but beyond them Eng- lish law and free and common hoc- cage were to prevail. British set- tlers entered the virgin lands of the Eastern Townships and the Ueauhar- Dois district upon that distinct under- standing. But after ISU the Eng- lish law was gradually superseded by the Frtnrh law, and now lloinan Catholic bishops hava the powar to taar froteataut muiilnipaliiiaa to pieces, and gerrymander them ho aa to put I renob ('atholica In control, whilat as a natural conse'iUMnca of the titha system the I'roteMtant stt* tier ia M<{uee/ed to the wail to make room for a Catholic. When thu bin- hopa ((uarrel ovar a gerjyinander with their (locks or with ehcli other, the caMO in referred to Koine, and I'ope Leo the Thirteeatn actually de- termines what a future municipality for a BntiKh sul)ject is to Ijh. When thu Proteittanta complain of this nitiUHtrous wron^, they are told by the bland sons of St. .Sulpice or the blander .Jesuit, with a smile on his lipH and a twinkle in his eye, that the church was loyal in I'^ii? -and virtue is its own reward. • MA.NITdllA M IKMIIJ. But let us grant, for the sake of argument, that the llomaii Catholic church has all alonr been loyal to the core, and that her loyalty has never been corrupted by the alloy of self-seeking. What tjien ? What excuse is to be found in fact or in logic in her attitude towards Britian empire has decided that Archbishop Tache and his clergy had no IokhI rights or privileges no far as separ- ato schools were concerned before 1H7(), and therefore lost none by the subsequent legislation of the Mani- toba Legislature. Nevertheless the church in Quebec has come to the rescue, and an attempt is being made to fasten such schools upon the pro- vince by another trick. In ISDl Manitoba contained 21,000 Uoinan Catholics, mostly half-breeds, and i:U,000 non-Catholics, but its future unity is to be sacrificed for the t^nke of that stationary minority, and 10 show theworld that the ciiurch is mistress in the west as well as in the east — a sovereign lady for whiun her Majesty and her Majesty's Privy Council must stand aside. rm; (;ask vvt sTUMoriT. Down in the eastern towu.'^liipj they are told that they may look out * *: . : s- f. t (■■<.«>• '1 ' fssrr. 1 J fur A third roballion if th« eh'^roh li not. iiiiiT«r«4 to «rm:t »U(1 enjoy h«r »l>«oUl prUiUffM up tk«r«. Th« aUo- turt of Ontario will b« or»v«DS and III tiinvN pant, auMumlng it to havM b<««n beyond rnproaoh, for bar poai- tion on tha Manitoba School <|uaNtion? Tha half-braada of Manituha naver aakad for aaparatn achoola or for pro- taction to such achooU a« than ax- htad whan thay prepared thair Hilla ur Righta in IH6!)-70. Alei. Bairff'ii "Oraation of Manitoba," K'vaa in full iba biUa which Kiel and othara pra- pHred. There was not a word in them ai)OUt schools or education, but when the last one cf all reached Ottawa Motnebo-lv thara inserted a clause nbout separata schools. Then the Manitoba Act waa passed embodying that forged clause, and the troublo began. The highest tribunal in the traitors to their blood if the.r do not rally to Mr. McCarthy and save tho Northwest from the intliction of dualism, which, like the breath of the KumenideH, blastH every roin- muuity upon which it resta. What say you, Protestants of Ontario? Is that brave man to be Htruck down simply because, as Father Lacasse throws in our teeth, we do not see eye to eye upon minor issiMtsV Mr. Laurier missed the opportunity of his life whan he, the champion of previncial rights, agreed to help, for that is what he is doing, in the sup- pression of the rights of Manitoba. He is no better than Sir John Thomp- son was, and Sir John Thompson waa what tha French call a Jesuit of the short coat— a layman who believed he was serving God and man when he was really serving a vast con- Hpiracy against human freedom. Sir Mackenzie Bowell, his succes- sor, has announced that the policy of his government is the same as that of the late Sir John Thompson, lie, the present premier, was a mem- ber of the Privy Council, when in islil it adopted Sir John Themp- .soi.'s report 8U(rp;estinK that if the tichool laws of Manitoba were bus- t:iiiifd that tho time would then tume for the Domiuiou Covcrnmeut to consider the petitions for redress which the Homan Catholic* had pre* santed. It is that proceeding which is iiuw binding and by maans of it th(« integrity of tha Manitoba achool system ia noi > irroly threatened, but Im in iiumiuaut danger. Relations of the Church to the Civil Authority. lo eoniidiiring th« position of tho Hoinan Catholic nliurch iu (^>u«b«c in ttie inatitr of Manitoba nchuols, it In woll to kMp in mind th« uatura of h«r aluN and «ndi In Canada. If thin la dona it mutt b« allowed at laaat iiy all who ara not CathoPca, that whiU har a'.tampt to fasten Roman Oath- •lie ichoola on the paoplaof Manituba la porfactly logical from h«. stand- point, It Im an attempt mat should b« com bat tod by lovars of Iborty •Yorywhsre, The b«st definition of the aims an 1 ends of the church that the writer has come across is contained in a pamphlet, "Quelques Considerattons sar les Keponses de i^uelques Theo- loglens," etc., issoed some years aKO in Montreal. The qtiestion undor discussion was the minor relation of the church to the civil nu ority — whether parishes can be erected in this country without civil sanction, and so on, Two priests, reprewent- ing, It was said, Laval IlnjVMrsity, had set forth a number of annwers to one or two questions propounded by the late Archbishop Hour^^et and Bishop Langevin. Other pritists took issue wiiU and made rejoinder to the Laval men, and were deemed to havu demolished their position. So far as is known the rejoinder has never been published in Plnghsh. It is too long to be given in full, but appended Is a condensation of some of me doc- trines it lays down touching the rights and prerogatives wh>uh it Ih essential lor the church to strive after in Canada. The reader who ia familiar with the Syllabus 4oes not need to be told thai tbe writers are simply parapbras.ug as poetulatee and dogmas : — (I) Tbe Church Is a true and p«r* feet sociaty with!n herself, the onlj divine I'istitutiun in the world. (2t Hence she should enjoy the most absolute power wtthin her jur* Isdirtion, and it is for her and her alone to determine the eitent of that jurisdiction. The civil authority does wrong when it nadertakes to detlne the power of the Church, or to set limits to her jarisdietlon. (:i) Hene*, also, the Ohurch should be the only religion in the State. All other coita abould be excluded, by force where the employment of force is practicable Mid expedient. Wrong has been done by those countries which permit the public ex- ercise of Protestant cnlti. (4) The State haa no right to as- sume the control of public education or to interfere in the discipline or studies of schools or in the selection of teachers. These are the functions of the Church and of tbe parent sub- ject to the Church. (5) In case of conHtct between the ecclesiastical and civil autuority, the civil cannot be allowed to prevail. The divine authoritv exercised by the ('atholic Church ought to be supreme. When it comes to the question of jurisdiction in the sphere of education or of any other subject within the divine authority of the Church, kings and princes tanX their 1 •' -'•^ r^.'^-ie oourti of law hart n* rigbta or •tandintr at all in the i^Rkt of Ood. The writers )>oint out with sorrow that, although the Church wields large powers In Canada, the ideal atate of things just des^^ribed has not been attained. Especially deplorable le the fact that "in thia country re* ligioue freedom and liberty of con- science are tolerated." Bat it Is the bounden duty of the Church and ef her Canadian subjects to strire with- out ceasing for a more perfect lord- ship, eo that haply "we may see the Syllabus introduced" in our political constitution." What shape should the efforts in this direction take? Here is the answer :~ "What we must do is to ask Ood for good bishops, for bishopR who will not restrain the ardour of Catho- lics when it is devoted to the service of the church, nor hinder their efforts to obtain legislators and gov- ernors well disposed towards the church and her rights, and for priests I ^ who are learned, devout, holy and I ' submissive to their bishops. We must send to parliament men on whom we can rely. Members must be required to make a frank and open profession of Catholic princi- ples, and a formal promise that those principles shall never be sacrificed. We must have good newspapers, and good men in the learned professions. We must wipe out party divisions. In place o.^ dividing our strength and frittering it away, let us enroll ourselves under one banner, the banner of religion and patriotism. Lastly, let us bs devoted children of the church and listen to the teaching of her infallible head, disavowing what be di'avbws, approving that which he approves, and seeking to * apply everywhere, to our insti- tutions, laws and government, the counsels given by the sovereign pon- tiff, or by those who speak in his be« half." These being her principles and this her programme, it is perfectly natural that the Church should re- sent the judgment of the highest tri> bunial in the Empire in the Mani- tohe school case, ms w««U n^ tiiH action of thn miijority in Mitniiuiiit. liut it is equally pUin tliiit » Hf.rioiiH responsibility rMHt» upon «li '\\qm ('auadiane who do not b«li«ivi* dixt the Syilabus wouM ti« m kooiI hiiIi- stitute for. r.he Urlii«h North AiniM- ica Act. Yet whet c-.u hn iiouo under existing circumstiiticaH.' (.'mii the electorn afford to put their irunt in the two old partien, each wlnspnr- ing to their liege lady that CuJlut'a the friend, not Short ? Mr. Clarke Wallace warns un that we must not stir up strife, that tol- eration is a virtue, and love of our neighbor essential to righieouHiieitH. But what application have those ex- cellent truisms to the present sit- uation ? It is not sheer insolence to preach to Manitobans the duty of Mubmission whilst an arrogant hier- archy overrides their constitutioa as expounded by the court of last re- sort? There was once a somewhHi famous writer in France by the aaine of Sorbieres. He was a Protestant, but he threw in his lot with the Catholic party to obtain promotion, whereupon another writer described him as "a Protestant by birth and ,a Catholic by trade." One never thinks of Sorbieres without being re- minded of Mr. Clarke Wallace in his new role. Veuillot, the Ultramon- tane, has told us frankly where the Roman Catholic Church stands upon the question of toleration. "She de- mands," he said, '*the right to have her own way by virtue of your prin- ciples, but refuses you the right by virtue of her own." How is it pos- sible to tolerate intolerance of that sort without becoming its victim? There is but one course for pat- riotic British-Canadians to adopt, and that is to rally to the McCarthy standard. French-Canadian speak- ers say Mr. McCarthy wants to drive the Roman Catholic children, of Man- itoba into the "Oreenwav Piotea- tant,'* the "Oodless Greenway" schools. Perhaps the same thing is said in Ontario. But read Mr. Mc- Carthy's speeches, he does not wish to do anything of the kind. Ail he ■••f^fi^oiiiftteWi' 10 iTt Ri'olrs ts to upholil the risht of the pduplu of Manitolia, M^r.ui'nd to timtu liv an autlioritiitlve interpretution of tliHir condtitiuion, to (IptHniiitm whether they Hhall put all Uiiurcht);^ upon an es down upon the habi- tant. The following is a list, taken from the otficial "Canada Ecclesiaati- que" for ISO.'}, of the religious orders of maloH now is Quebec j^Sulpicianii OblatH, Viateurs, Basilians, St. Vin« cent de Paul, Dominicans, Carmol- ires, Trappists, Little Brothers of Mary, Brothers of St. Gabriel, Capu- chins, Jesuits, Christian Brothers, Holy Cross. Resurrectionists, Brothers of Sacred Heart, Redemptorists, Fran- ciscans. Company of Mary, Brothers of the Christian Instruction, Congre- gation of the Sacrament. The r-iligious order of females are even moTt) numerous : — Augustines, Congregation of Notre Dame,' Grey Nuns, Good Shepherd, Sisters of Pro- vidence, Sisters of Seven Dolours, Sisters of Charity. Sisters of St. Anne, Sisters of the Presentation, Sis- ters of the Precious Blood, Sisters of the Rosary. Sisters of Wisdom. Sis- ters of tjt. Martha, Di^ulines, Hospi- taliores, Sisters of the Sacred Heart, Sisters of the Cross, Sisters of Holy Names, Sisters of Mercy, Sisters of the Heart of Mary, Sisters of the As- sumption, Sisters of Jesus-Mary, Sis- ters of Carmel, Sisters of St. Joseph, Little Sisters of the Poor, Sisters de St. Dominciue. Some of these orders, both male and foinale, are rich ; all are power- ful. The Siilpicians could buy out half of the Protestant denominations in Ontario and not feel it. Besides the orders there is the army of par- ish clergy 2,000 strong. The aggre- f ifV — ?"*ff-'-~ IS Cdte wealth of the church anl of the or<|i)rs is nlacod l>v a low ostiiiKUo at S !•:.'). 000. 000. She coniinafHls t.I».> Provincial Hxeciiiivo, the Lo;;i>il.t- ture, and the municipal bodios. To lielp her in har work she isi allowed onurrnous pxeinptioiis. Oue-Hixili of ull the property in Montreal is ex- empt, mostly on her account, in li fry-two pHrishe.s outsiide of Mon- tieal, i'tO per cent, of the property is exempt. In some there is more vk- empt than taxed, lu Mr. Laurier's own village of ArthabaHkavilln tho property taxed is valued at Sl-KJ 000 that exempt at JJ.M.OOO. But what has been or is bein;^ done by this stupendous orKani/atlon for the edu- cation of the masses ? A "'map of intftUoct" would display the Province of Quebec as the most backward and least enlightened spot in North Aiu- erica. with the ex(;wption perhaps of certain nej^ro iud creole districts down South. Intelligent FreQcli- Canadans deplore the wholesale ill- iteracy. Men like ex-Governor Mason are trying to compel the re- lijcious orders which teach in the schools to undergo an examination, to diminish the time devoted to cate- chism, and increase the time allotted to the three K's. Others demand that time should be given to the teaching of English, if only for the sake of those children who later on will migrate in New En;;:laud. Most perceive that no adesii»,-ir,ic for every L'OO men, wuiuuu aud chiidreu. At this liUe r PR' I . II Ontario, with apopuUtion exrflndinp: two tnillionn, would re<|uirfi lOiKiO •cnlesiaflticR, and the United Statt^s a host of aOO.OOO. There is not space to spealc of tlie miscellaneous ways and meaoH re- ported to provide food, clotliloKi buildings and travellinK oxponseM, etc., for the "religiouH" — theha/aars, concerts, collections, house to Itouso begging, etc. The Provincial trea.^- ury is drawn on to provide for a irreat many of them. Directly or indirect- ly, the church, with her orders, handles a very considerable portion of the yearly expenditure. Here are some of the larger items (Public Ac- counts, year ending June .'SO, IK',).')) which she controls in whole or in part : Education $.{71,000 Reformatories and prisons . . KH.OOO Asylums })00,000 Charities 5r,,000 « 815,000 It might be said that the churnh spends, or oversees the spending of. one-third of the whole provincial revenues, less the subsidies from Ottawa. Last year the gross reve- nues were $5,600,000, but of this $1,- 150,000 was money borrowed for the bankrupt treasury, and $1,300,000 Dominion subsidies. The revenue, excluding the subsidies and loans, was $3,150,000, and it is (,uite sure the church had te do, one way or an- other, with $200,000 more than the sum of the foregoing items. The orders teach in the primary and higher schools, and conduct the asylums, prisons, reformatories and charities. Give an order a per capita grant that is so much a year for each inmate, as they do, and it very soon has charity in full blast, even if it has to make inmates of per«ions who have no business to be there. As an order grows in numbers, the members have to go out from the mother house and find something to do. The per capita system enables them to start an institution of some sort by simply collecting inmates, and the more Inmates thty dram up the larget their income. It is a vicious method, as anyone can fee, for beiides being hard on the treas- ury and leading to the multiplication of orders, it puts a premium on the manufacture of inmates, and on the growth of sloth and immorality among the people. These are harsh words, but think of the iniquity un- covered by Dr. Tuke, the English aliei;ist, when he found a number of perfectly sane persons herded with lunatics in a Quebec asylum, in charge of an order, so that the order might draw the grant for each of the victims, or go into one of thoir refuges for infants or girls and see for yourself the still more deplorable results. The nuns deserve the highest cre- dit for their self-sacrifice. This does not attack them, but the policy pur- sued at the instance of their church. If the per capita plan is in vogue i« Ontario with respect to charities— we in Ontario do not as yet let the orders conduct prisons and asylums - then it is safe to assert at a hazard that the money received by Roman Catholic institutions is out of pro- portion to the bona fide requirements of the Roman Catholic population, and that the number of "religious" in Ontario is increasing much faster than the population. • In Quebec the Provincial Govern* ment advances money to the orders to enable them to build religious houses, which money is neyer by any chance repaid. Of late the or- ders have been taking to agriculture, and as farmers manage to get bon- uses and grants without trouble. The Trappists at Oka, where the Pro- testant Indiana were driven out by the Seminary of St. Sulpice, got a grant of $500 for their farm in 1893, and another of $940 for "distributing trees." At Roberval, in the Lake St. .John district, the Ursulines, under Mother St. Raphael, have a farm for which they got a grant of $440 ; and so it goes. The agricultural socie- ties, which received grants last year to the amount of $50,000, are passing / It \ under th« control of thn cleTR:y ; and a Urffe proportion of the money spent on nolonl/ation roadn (in coun- ties from one to two hundred y«iari* old) is handled by the pariHh priest.s, who act as road-mafitom. This brief sltetch will (jivo the reader some sort of an idea of the extent of direct and indirect expen- diture on ecclesiaaticism. From the nun who comes to your door for a quarter towards the erection or maintenance of her convent, from rhe parish priest who r.ollocts his tithes and sacramental ducn. from the bland Sulpician, with JJO.UtJO,- 000 in the coffors of his order, who insists on this piece of land or the other being exempt from taxation — from these and others liko them, to the ecclesiasticals who put their hands into the provincial treas- ury for the immense sums enMmer- ated, the church and her vast reven- ue is fattening on the dumb toilers of the province, and the poor I*ro- testants necessarily suffer with the rest. So, for that matter, do you iu Ontario. In no other country of tlio modern world has clericalism such a carcase for its vultures. "What is the consequence '? The consequence is that the jjoople can- not afford to pay for those purely local improvements which iu Ontario ar<) carried on at the expense of the municipal ratepayer, and the cost of them is thrown on the provincial treasury ; secondly, the province it- self is drained so completely that it cannot afford to rid itself of the debts it has contracted on account of those local improvements, aud of work like railroads of more than lo- cal imp-^rtance. In 1893, $48,000 was spent in buj^ing iron bridges for jnunicif)alit.>es ; $153,000 in enlarging the Montreal courthouse ; $10,000 for a courthouse at Hull ; $7,000 for a gaol at Bryson ; $80,000 on highways under the pretence that they are colonization roads, and so forth. In Ontario all such items would have been properly saddleu on the muni- cipal ratepayer. Then again, their municipalities are too poor tc give much to railway.*. The Ontario uiunlcipalitieH hav»i given freely, but hero almost t,li« »y aro boggar- cd, and their own politicians mtiHt once more get "better terms" at Ot- tawa or know the reasuii why. To be sure, it is a monstrous fraud on you Ontario peop!(3 tb/it you should be called upon to ass > me tliu greater part of a provincial in.lobted- ness HO contracted — that 30U sliouM be cumf)ulled, literally 8pea!(ing, to pay poriodicully towards the main- I enaricc of the Roman Catholic church in "^iifboc. I>ut what are you going to do about it y .Mr. Merci(kr boasted — he said as much in the legislature not long ago — that ho could get "better terms" if Mr. Liiurier wins at tho next election. The late Mr. Mercier ought to have known. It was the money 'conveyed" by Mercici's fiiouds from government contracts that gave Laurier Quebec at the last election. On ih', other hand, tho French - Canadian Ministers in the Ottawa government whisper it about that if (.Jiiebftc stands by Sir Mclven- /ie Bowcll, ho will deliver you when the elections are over. Aside from tho cogent party considerations in- volved, both Bowell and Laurier are interestod, one as a Roman Catholic, the other as depending on Roman Catholic su.oport — in seeing that the church is upheld in her present proud position, and both know quite woU that unless "wo get better terms" the mere pressure of poverty must bring about her downfall at the hands of the people of (iHiebec. This is a vital question for the Do- minion at large. Give Quebec '"bet- ter terms" and the church can go ou as heretofore, devouring our sub- stance and quartering now legions of her black militia upon us as often as Europe diums them out. Rofuso ''better terms" demand that Quebec, shall pay its own way as Ontario does, and the habitant, goaded by i; .' I , IT) hi* povortv and inritod bv IiIh friends In N«w KitKUnil. will pull iIdwii tho wIioIh faltrir, imd ocidoMiast ii-Uni sliall Hinit it.H owu diruo iu the Hpirit of tho words ; — U'littrc AUrlr nnil liii In -xn 1, ,1 (khii. History t«achos that tho poverty of tl p«ople ItaH proved latal to cvory rapanioiiN theocracy ; us tho pliilo.io- pherH Bay. tho causos of all rovolu. tions of tho kind hav« boon inwiiily economic causefl, and so it will bu iu yueboc. Who but Mr. Mrt'arthy can ho trusted to hoo that this modiaoval despotiHui Hhall no lotiKor hu iillosved to feed upon tho taxes of the f^ro- tefitant provinces conttilmtad un.lcr the form of "better terms" ? Let Mr. McCathy hold the balance of power at Ottawa, and (Quebec will at once be face to face witli the -«« *•• • aBM fWH «• • ' '>* -■ ih^hw ' ( .' i; This pamphlet can he purcfiM>cd frcnn The StnrKiaril, Porest. ()iU..ai Ihc foKoNMiii!: prices . i#>o ccipics $ ,50 5(Mi ** 2. '25 1.000 '' ' 1.00 :i*&t-»t*t»-iSSS' '."