.a^ 'vv> IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) // ^ J'^ 1.0 I.I 11.25 1.8 U 11.6 Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. M580 (716) 872-4503 t m V iV \\ ^ From the ^^Inoiiiirer/* ■■?> BS, ]'ri n r i; k I8fil. iiiiriiWifM <« I IillMIGKATION. ITS IIVTKRIVAL. lYIAIVAOEMEIVT. There are few questions of more importance to Canada at this moment than i migration. Thou- sands who would land on the shores of the (Jni- tod States next summer, will, on account of the civil war raging in that unhappy country, turn ilit'ir attention to Canada. Even within the last few months, we find the imigralion returns at the port of New York, showing a marked de- crease, while those of Quebec show a rapid in- cn,-ase; and the cause which has inaugurated ihis change will operate more powerfully on emigration next year, than it has done in this. The government of Canada will have little 1 rouble in securing a large influx to our popula- tion next summer ; but if we are not much mis- taken it will experience considerable difficulty in the local se,ttlement of the numbers that loubtless will visit us. In order to secure the ptay of an imigrant family in this country, it is uot enough to ascertain from a Municipality '.Sat a certain number of persons can obtain em- p'ovmei.t in that locality, \i\u\ thei; for thc» rronci' ral ijfjcnt til Qucl»cc to send off'sur.h u nnrrihcr in flio illrection indiculed. This plan has acted on- ly as a filter to hold a few, while the gnnilcr immhcr passed on West. No one individual ill tlie Municipalily was personally interested ill tlie imigranls, no one conceived il to be his or iier duly to travel round the country and find ein|)loymenl for the new conners. Many might I'eel the inclination to assist, hut had not the time to do so, and what is thought to be every one's business, will in the end be totally neglect- ed by evtry one. 'J'jje farmers in the neighbour- hood will not be in any hurry to seek out hands and offer liberal wages; they prefer waiting till the imigrant comes to seek employment, when they expect to make a more advantageous bargain, buying the largest amount of muscle for the least possible price. Or if a family pur- pose settling in the neighbourhood, and it be- comes known that funds will be forthcoming lor the purchase of land ; there will be found more persons willing to take advantage of the imigranc than to protect him. Some sharper with a poor farm will most likely succeed in foisting it off on him, and with the proceeds himself purchase a bush land. During these first tediotis and uncertain montha in a strange country, the imigrant is severely tried ; and be- a mi^r fT(.„eially tiisoppoiniod in his fiiM Imprr.fc- sions lie conceives that he Iihs heeri mistaken in tlie choice that he has made, and as the hills nie ulwavs trroen m the distance, in all prolmbllity, if he still possess the means, he will up and move further West. It is the first few months in this country that entirely decide the future of ihc new comer. These first few months are just the time wiien he most requires advice and assistance ; but under the present system, or rather no system, the majority of those who come to settle among us are, after they are directed to some particular locality, left ullogetlicr to their own resources ; and these but too fre- quently are only ignorance and want. Some judicious and permanent system must be devisetl and adopted by the government, which will provide for local advice and assistance ; but which at the same time, should ultimately in some measure defray the expenses incurred. The Canadian government is possessed of large tracts of valuable land, which in their present condition add nothing to the wealth or the re- venue of the country; the bone and muscle, and a large share of the capital necessary to turn great portions of these lands to imme- diate account, will, within a few months, find their way \o our shores ; ihe problciii, and \xi G <»iii' opiriion llic t7/ino- on in each territory under liis r;ire ; f-iking at each visit a report from the local ;igent ; which report should embrace the num- ber of hands employed, (juantity of work done, and amount of money paid ; accompanied wilii .such remarks as circumstances might suggest. On the 1st of January in each year, these locul ugents would be recjuiri'd to make a pyi.oj.sus of their quarterly reports, and forwuvd a ^-opy 10 the down Lands Department. This is merely the machinery locany out \\\v. plan whicli we are about to suggest. It will he necessary to enter into more minute details when I lie financiul part of the scheme is under cou>\" deration. Wo believe that tiie presetit and pre- vious govei-nmenls in Canada, have never Ikhmi averse to the encouragem«;nt of irnigralion, :>nd have t.'ver shown themselves ready t > a-^ist the imigrant. if we tiike into account the im- mense sums expended for the coni^truction ot rouds and bridges in this Trovince, in orJer tj tacilitate colonization, we will be surprised, 'i'ljis 1. ranch of ex[)ei)vli(urc is now over Jo?u- inili -..ns 11 cl acting as moa would Igranl, Ititul d commis- ) llie works iiis r;iro ; n the local ze the 11 nm- work done, :ianIod wliii ;ht sugu;t'st. tlieso lo(;;il a ,«vi'o|tslri :wvd a ^'"I'v arry out tin- . ll will I)i; uelails wIumi under coiisi-- ent. and nn'- 3 never Inu'ii iaralion, and jy t,i a-^sist ,)!jnt I he 1111- i^truclioii (►!' ;, in order I .> •priseii. 'i'his /oH)' uitii ■„.ns dolhir:>, to which we are yeaily adding over >ilOO,000. Or ifany onu is under Hie imprcssioh iliHt {'vQQ grants of land are of recent date, It-r him oJance hi,s «'ye over tiio suhjoined state- j lien I : rjiiut; (.K WIS oi- i.amj. L'pper Canada. Lower Cami this matter. The last report of the Commissioner of Crowii Lands states that there had been located .';iG,30(' 12 aces bordering on coloni.alion roads, .n Lppcr Canada ; and 19,421 acres, along similar roaas ,„ Lower Canada ; in all, 45,721 acres. Mr. Vankoughnet, against whom a porlion ol tne French Press of Lower Canada has been hurline .heir bitter but foolish tirades for months pas., ha. done more for colonisation in this sec- tion of the Province, than any of his prede- cessors, Mr. Cauchon perhafs excepted. Under h,s direction wi.hin the last year, one hundred and seventy four miles of new roads were opened up in Lower Canada ; one hundred and forty three miles, partly made ,n the former vear, were finished, and forty six miles re- lied, at an expenditure of m24G-58.H„ also carried out the exploration ef the Rivei Croche from its mou.h on the S,. Maurice, above the falls of LaTuque, to its source on the heights ; thence down the stream to its d.s- enarge into Lake St. John ; in connexion with he e :ploratory survey for a line of road from UTuque to Lake S,. John on the Saguenay , and contemplates running at .ad from St. Floit 10 the mouth of the Malawan ; an ^'^for^'^y survey of which, has already been made by Mr. Arcand. Thi. road the Commissioner will then .....tM.ue from the Matawan to LaTuque. run- ,ung parallel with, but about ten miles inland 13 lis, in Upper similar roads acres. Mr. )rtion of liie da has been es for months m in this sec- jf his prede- jpted. Under , one hundred ' roads were J hundred and n the former six miles re- 1,246-58. He ef the River St. Maurice, its source on •earn to its dis- :onnexion with } of road fiom ;he Saguenay ; from St. Flore an exploratory jn made by Mr. isioner will then LaTuque, run- 3n miltjs inland i <-rn ,he .^e. Maurice. He has also two nc.v •ownsh.ps ,n course of survey in the vicini.v " iiut R,ver, krown lo our readers as IWn'- ^nps-lurcotre" and " Pole.le." While on ior the benefit of Lower Cun»dians the f.How- n^S slaiement from an official document • •• To render tiie unoccupied parts of the country ac- cess.ble. there have been constructed since 1SJ3 under the name of Colonisation Roads - in' Upper Canada. 481 miles of new road ; and, in Lower Canada there had been either construct- cd or aided, 1.458 miies-the amount of out- ay »n U,e two sections being equal ; but in Lower Canada, not confined with ecjual strict- ness to roads through wholly new territory." It IS thus seen that there exists small cause of compla.nt against the administration, respecting Its efforts to procure the settlement of our waste lands ; nor is it our intention to raise any • but the opmion seems to be gaining ground, and we think not without reason, that the system pursued with our imigrants after iheir arrival here, re- quires some sort of modification. But little fault can be found either, with giving away f,ec iarms of land to actual settlers, but when the country must first incur the expense of makinr. roads through these farms, the question assumc^s ITT^'— 14 ,„„„,d..dr.Hl,y.l.o .s.l,n.U.s o( Saf,, SO .a 1 ,;(Mow,uds„iclinS,Ml,o sctlk-mcnt ol yacnnl land, ,„ U„|,„- Canada, ami met svllliln tl.e lasl year, „,„„u„.H .0 8G5,000.0(., while .1,.. enliru ,v;""t..y .,n,„dlo.a„..d in U,,,e,. Canada l,y sculcB „„ .. ,,.un,.is,.nlyaswol,avcs«.„2G300ac,-es. I'ovor two dollars and a hall l,av. U.u ..xpcndcd in one year for ..'very acre oecu- ,,i a „„ r,.ee g.an.,oads. OC course .t --1,1 I „„,,,, ,o make it appear that ll,c whole „„y five thousand dollars iiad been spent on ,„„js running through free grant lands, lo, tht. ,ve presume has not been the case ; but we .eel eor.vinced, that ifa rigid computation were made, we should find the government laymg out an- „uallv on surveys and the construcuon ot voad>, , ,„; euual to two dollars an acre, for every .ere annually occupied by actual settlers on the IVee grants. In plain Knglish we pay two dol- lars an acre for land and make a present c,l ,wo hundred dollars worth to every actual se;- tler This, the most active supporter ot em,- ...iion will allow, is ample encouragement ; :,„. emigration to Canada has fallen off two U,i,.ds within the last three years ;>nlS.7 .he ,umber landed upon our shores was .-,0J/. .vl^creas in 18C0 It was only 10,150. Has year 15 TIlL' OUllilV S58, 50, iiiiil vDCiitil lands he liiKt yt'ui-, lire (|!i;nitity )y sonlt'rs()ii •2G,300 acres. If liuvo l)(.'cn r Qcro occu- rsc it wcuUl It llic wlutlu een spent ou lands, Tor lln> ; but we tccl on were made, laying out an- iction oi" roads, ere, for every seUlers on the e pay two dol- ! a present ot ery aclufil sel- porter of eim- ncouragennent ; fallen off two rs ; in 1857 the .•s wus 32,00'/ , 50. This year iht; number has considerably increased, but liiai was owino^ more to the war in liie Uni'ed Smirs, than lo our improved manaireinent. 'i'hcii nil wlio come to lliis country do not rcnuiin ; .^ome years not more lh>iii lialC, and tMhor years not more llian two tliirds of the entire luitnber. Tliis brings us to the conclusion that there is something wrong in the management ol' the imigranl after his arrival, and that an < iVorl must be made without dehiy to eiVtct sotno be- neficlal change. In order thai liie assiNiiuice which the l^o\ ince may i)e willing to render lo the imigrant, may !)»• acce|)lable aid useful to him, it is only iKHes-^arv lor us to en(]uire, " what are his Hrsl wanton landing ?" We refer to the great bu!k o( timse who come to settle among iis, — these usr,;i!lv have some few household elK'cfs and but iltth' tnoney. With them, immediate empiovintMii is a. necessity, and ucw, a hon-e of serine sort. If we can supply these wants to a certain exirni. and at not much ad(iitional expemiltiiri.>, ii n ;i!l that can be eN peeled. Free grants ;is at prc- si.'iil conducted, do not answer these ends. W'r would not urge tiieir discontinuance, but .a ihr same time would suggest ;i slight rnodific.ition. We hiive s(>en it slated, and we bilieve cwrt'i.i- ly. ihut wherever a new ro:Kl has been t;n.'.n i in. 16 xtd, no matter in which section of the Province, ihe lots on either side of it, if open to purchase, have been bouglit up almost immediately ; while those lots lying to the rear of the road remain for years unsold. in our opinion, where a colonization road is opened, the lots on either side of it should be made to some ex- tend ava.lnble to defray the expenses of its con- struction. The lots on the second range should bo sold at half the price of those on the first range, and those still furlher to the rear, giveu as fVee grants to actual settlers. It will be ob- jected, that this is not an equal inducement to '.he Imigrant, as are free grants along the rond. Of course it is not. But we would put the inducement in another shape. We would con- struct the roads by imigrant labour alone, or j,y the lubour of thoso i„iending to become nc- ninl settlors, no matter (mm whence they might come. The chief inducements would be constant employment ior about a year, or until such a period as furm operations would re- <|uire all the in.igrant's time ; and remunerative nreven hiah wages, coml)ined, with a judicious nssislance'in provi.lMig a home lor the coming winter, :ind a small clearance ready for crop- nlncr by the succeeding spring. The mode oi ,,roe(Mlure n-ighl be scmewhat ai follows. 17 ovince, rchase. ately ; le road Dpinion, the lots 3me ex- its con- 3 srioultl the firpi r, given 1 be ob- emcnt to LJie rond. put the )uld con- alone, O!' come nc- ice lli«\v WOVlUi l>'* r, or ur.lil voukl le- mneralive jiuJicious lO coming ft)r crop- l) nioJe ul i Ibliowi". Allow one dollar a day to every able hodit.'J man working on the road, who had previously ajjreed to purchase a front lot, at we will say one dol- lar per acre, or a lot on ihe second range Mf halfa dollar per a<;re. Pay him daily or weeklv, 'half ihe amount of his earning-g in cash, and the other half in promissory notes of the Cidwn J.ands Department, payable only in lard, and that only to actual settlers. Kvery settler oti land for which payment is to be exacted, should have the Hght of paying for it wholly in labour, but if able to pay cash, a hbovnl discount should be allowed him; settlers on iVce grants might have the right of working for the Department, but at the current rates for Ubor. It might as we hinted above, be neecssaiy to ussist a good many in getting their loj^: lints ready, and In the i^ill, the agent would have to see that the brush on the intended clearances wns cut and piled, and the heavy timber felled tJm. ing the winter mooihs, preparatory to |)ilin£,'- and burning in the spring. The advunce^ thus made to the imigrant ought to be in iho sl)ap(» of money paid for labour doi^e by hiinself, ond these advances mad3 only to those wlioy;v lioard of VVoiks. 'J'hii NvniiKi bo lor ilic opirm of the C. L. Depnri- n^unt. Tl>e length of new road to hu con- sjtruci«'d yearly in nich colonization tcrritoiy slxMild be equal. Wo will suppose it to be tvn IV lies in each. Two or three rungea of f'urrnH Jihoiild be laid out on either side of the mud. tnuli lor four ncres wide in front, and twenty five Acres in depth. We would not on any f»c- cornet allow this road to bo made, as other colo- ni/atioft roads have been hitherto made in Low- «M- Oui^ada. Most of these af er a year or two boci^me impassible, and no provision having; hcon ttiade for their maintenance, the first out- liiV biH'onius almost a total loss. It would he our inltM'ition to nr.ake these new roods model ones. The fiist outlay might he four times the amouvit hulieri<» paid, but ultimately would in every wiu^ prove &. savinpf. For we must take into ac- CYiiiu the savinof of animal labor, the saving in l\\c wear and tear of vehicles, the saving in time ihc facilitating of commercial intercourse, anl li^e rendering of travel easy» quiet ond pleu- sani. The road should in the first instance be' ftWfed of trees and roots to the width of sixty lc«t, and xis we would have it running North and S»>viih, or as much so as possible, it would se- cure a a-reat share of sunshine, a thing whicfe 21 V .•••-' . .^m.^ i.>: jii)S(. lately ncccesary to Its prcservjitioi,. Tl.,.. pririci|)lrs upon wliicli s:;ch a ro;i(J sliould \,r cfiii.striictei] nro llius alluded to hy M,-. AIcA- diini : — " Iloadscjiri never be rendered pcrfrcilv socm-o, until the folN.winjr principles Ix! /'ully understood, iidrnitted, Juid acted upon ; naineU. tMul It U tli(^ natural soil wliicli reully support-, llifj \vei{^!it oi" travel ; thai while il. is preserved in a dry stale, if will onrry uny weight without sinking, and it does in fact, carry the road, ami llic carrinaes also; that this nntive soil rnusr. previously be mnde <]uitcdry, and a covering i^^ inuji: impenetrable to rain as possible, must then bo placed over if, to preserve it in that drv state ; thai the thickness of a road should onjv be reprulaled by the <]uaniiiy of material neces- sary to foim such impervious covering, und never by any reference (o its omi power of ca,^ r!ji)\g weight.^'' tn pulling these principles in practice— afier the base of the road has been drained, level- ed, and the soft turf removed lo secure a liarj basis, it should be laid wiih a layer of small stones, made by breaking larger ones into pieces weighing about three ounces, no round ones should ever be employed. About six inches deep of this road metal is then to bf? spread over the centre of the road, to the width 22 I;-,. .,1 tliiily feci, ii.kciJ level, and ui. intli or two of Ml 11. 1 sJicwn over i». It should hu |)iop»:iiy |)i()vic'e(i wiili dilclit-H om (•"ulier side, ;ind cul- v.rta wlien neccssury. Cure should also hi lituoii 10 «;ive the lOud the pro|)ei- conv«?xi»y, to cU'cir it of rain water; but not to niuke it tru. cor.vex. for liieii people will oi)ly follow llu; middle, or crown, the only place wluM-e car- rpii'e.s will run level, and by conslaniiy fol- .»win^ ilie Scirnc truck will soon cut it into channels which will retain the water. ^JcAdaI:< thijiks roads shoiild be made almost level, and Mr. Walker, an equally good authority, re- commends the least possible convexity consis- tent with the drainage of the road. A carriage will always move easier, or wifii less resis- tar.ce, when the load lies evenly upon the wheels. Macadamised roads can be constructed ovvv swamps, by laying down small brush or tree branches, covering these with gravel, and then laying on the ordinary stone material. Wo have often lieard it objected that macada- mised roads do not suit Lower Canada, be- cause the w *er frosts raise, and render them- uneven in xl^i > •" g ; !njt if this ever happens, it. is becauoe ?itjr r; ids have not been properly drained. When the ^"sl sectian, say ten mileij, o( ;<■ 23 rliis sort of rjad litis huoii coinpletoJ, imd ll;*.* lots Ketflfd, sornu provision should lio miidf lor kfcping the roiid in repair. If left lo tho rolo- nisls, ii will ivc noglerted, ond it cniinol ho «ixpec!cj that tho fjovcrninont will he over «;hare located and supplied with work, in tho territories we have iiidicfiied, the expenditure which would he iiicuried, anJ the advantages resulting IVom it. We have sup- posec' that ten miles of tiew road might he constructed annually in each territory, and ihiil if so, the two ranges of farms on cither side of the road could be located in the same time, lor ftccording to our plan, the land must be settled, cotemporaneously with the making of the roaJ. liach mile of road would on either side, givo about .seven farms of an hundred acres each, iuxi we m.'iy suppose that five out v)f evt'iy 24 I! r ^even will be fit for culture, which would l>e fen, iiyc'udinof l)oth .sides of the road for every mile in the first ranges, and tun in ihe second vansjos, or two hundred lots in th« ten miles, and allowing five persons on an average to i;ach family settled on these two hundred lots, would give in the three territories in Lower (yunadu, three thousand persons, or in both sec- tions of tiie Province sIk thousand locate9 and we liopn the cr mmissioiiers will not oiJ i«.'dr«'ss almsos, hut 1. (J uffi y lecommcnd a more comniv- ■ onsive, and efhcient system of ;nfernal rn.uiao,.- rneiil. A wiiier in I he Monlrea! Ihrall m.^\ <* 1 soaie rnoti sii^gesiions n-spectinn^ ihe manaj: iiient of our iinii>ranis, fidrr tl country, !)ui as these dej :i'- K'lr arrival m rhis sugnrt-^siions liav(? heen fullv comprch(;i;(]eJ in our pn.'vious remarks, allusion fo ih em i.s unnecessar .r tl phase ot the question, mooted I Lower Canadian here is however, one >y some of our eonuemnation. papers, whicli calls loudly fur e papers try t(. embroil the Tl suhject in questions of lace and nationality They cry out, tliat their nallonalitv and tl ii'ir reli<5i()n are threalenened, and placed In jeopar- dy, by the cffor's the Government is inakincr (<, induce Piotestants t Tl <) come to this country le sf afcments are false both ways. There is MO inducement held out to the Protestant tiiat \a not held out (o the Cathol rial nor the Colonial Gove ic ; neiiher the Impe- rument has the licrht. nor has either of them ever attempted to hind er any one trom commjr to settle here. Then as U nationality, what is our nation ? Is it not Ca nai Hum ; and tiie sooner we sink the word Britor, and Frenchman, into Canadian, the belter for all y about religion is simply parties T len tl; o cr rediculcus, as there i? equal toleration : and f or 30 ■V' •^.■^•^^■^ the Romi.i) Catholic to fojr Tori r h f lis roli;;i(J!i iiiider so circnm^funccs, is not onlv ahsurd but a crime ugjiinsl orlhoiJoxy Wt liiivc invaiiiil) \' () 1 Jfd about race ;mu1 rc'!;'^i con\ii;ct's IIS I h;.t K)i), and ovt'i- conti'(»\'tMSi('!? d»v'a Iiistorv \vh tins IS th(! proper course; mid en wo si-e any paper or riny partv dry<>i,w' ii; these t( ti opu's lor public discussion, we dotiht leir sinceiiry and iheir patriotism. Loud calls o sciid an oniio-nmt ai'Liit have alio been made I to F ranee, wt II, if aq;ents arc sent to oth «';■ couti' le tries, we see no reason wliy r,ne should not I sent to Franco. Jt is, however, a very delicate thing, tiiissendin^r ofagents to foreij^n countries to entice away tlieir populations, and it is actu- ally cruel and highly reprehensible to induce strangers to come here, if we cannot, or do not try to belter tlieir condition. AJen sent on sucIj missions should I e of the most sterling character, honourable, patriotic, cautious and humane. It is a very expensive thing for Canada, this fo- reign agency, and not always efficient, it has in- deed often appeared to us, that a standing ad- vertisement in three or four of the Provrncial papers, published in the different whence most of our emigrants c forth the advant n countries from :ome, setfino- ages whic!. this count would effect as much, ry offers, Qjiu at an infinireiy less 31 .^ --■ - «.-K 4 I!) Illicit!!' J ill it ;i (iv'i'isics i ii:sfoi'y Sf ; and dialing" e iloubl ud calls If. ai^L'tit ';■ couti- not lie deiicalo 'initiies is aciu- iiiduce do not >n sucii i racier, lie. Il his fo- lias in- ing ad- 'vincial .*s from setfinof offers, iy less '•'nt tlmn could bo oif,;clrd l>_y rt'sidoiit aj/.-nff lese agents gcneral.y livc« in scapoit towii' Tl .'uid know nothing oi" iln; rMoifrant, n n!il f;')in('s to taive passa'^p am \\\)u know ••inything of pmifji-atioii arc aware, liiat bel or(> f'\ I'r tl le cm, grant |)r(-;).in'H lo Iea\o the land nis hull). he d eri.'rrnimvs wliptlu-r iii> i destination shall ho Aust ralia c uiurn inadi, or tiiu t.nited Slates ; anti unv i eiwesentaiiotis made by an auont when he is on ihe poinr. (>[' eni- bailving, has liiiie or no w(.'i^ht wiih hiin. In'lore qeifiiig ih" subject of i migrutlori, we Wish to say a bnv Words respcclincr i's irnporiance to this cormtry. Mr, .MrGee, his lr;,iy said liiat what we want in (.'anaiJa m " men, tren. an(J yet more men." We have tu<' territory and th« resources to form of;e ol' rhf' most o^'cn^ive, poweiful. and pi'os])e!o;n erniiires whicii has yet appeared unoii ih,* ghilte, and all we want is men, — •• VVc ask n'.'t from what land ihoy cmw.- Ov whore their youth was nursed, If pure the i.lream il matters not The spat from whence it burst." \v e stated at the commencement ol ihes.r ariieles, that the .subject of emisfration an i II. i('<* internal managemen:, was one of viial imp.oitai io this country, and ihougii we luive not ut- len'p;ed showing its influence on the develepe- 32 rnoiit of our res increase of o source '» or if< fl '« interesfs involved '1'- revonue, yet the mar^nitude of may h( Jd fl' oru ''- .su.jomed figures. Within tho life of one ™Uono:. within the last th.rty one years, .'i-ehavx. landed the following .umber of im- 'grants at Quebec. 1831 1832 1833 1834 1833 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1811 184:2 1843 1844 184.) 184(J 50, 206. 51,74(i. 21.752. 3 ',937. 12.527. *-^7.728. 21,901. 3,2(56. 7.439. 22,234. 28,086 44.374 21,727. 20.142. 25,375. 3;\753. 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 18.56 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 90.150. 27,!»39. 38.494. 32,292. 41,076. 39.176. 36.699. 53.183. 21.270. 22.493. 32.281. 12.810. 8.778. 10,151. 19.42f), () Total. 908.431. '■ ""'•-' ^^i'ort of a .n,il.:,n persons. With |='"P^-''- management most of these might have ';^'^'" rc(ained in this country ; but supposln^r "•■'t only Mbout one half of them, or five hundred 'i'ousand have remained, and that each fum.lv on ^'" average, brought ten pound.s currency "ir.to '•"^ c<^untry. which is a very moderate esti- "'*. • -^ •- ^ ' wealth. Or agalu, if each individual of tlicso five hundred thousand, consume only five pouixis worth of imported iroods every year, which is still below the proper estimate, and these goods pay a duty of fifteen jjer cent: it will add one million five hundred thousand dollars to ihtf present annual revenue of the government. All these are consideralions apart from tlie vast amount which the industry of these thousand* is yearly adding to our wealth and in^.uenoe. We think then, that we are warranted in say- iig, that to Canadian statesmen, the subject of imigration, and its internal miumgcmcnt, is one of grave importance, and under existing circum- stances, calls for prompt and eftcctivc? measures.