« «*■ ^' IMAÔE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) y / A ■.,' o '^s Âfie l **'^>^ V V j.'^- -V. 5' i.D ij j, ë Uâ 12.0 lis lu ,16 : I Mi % f*' — 6" •if* . SCmces OQ 23 Wn S T WUM W STtir WnSTIR,N.Y. 14510 (71«^t72.4S0ar ...ï-^-jiAf^.-^A.-j ■HV'*' y -/f ^ ■if* . y . CIHM Microfiche Séries (IMonographs) ICIMH Gollection de ■ > (monographies) ^ ) / \ /■ Canadian Institut* for Historical Microraproductiona / Institut canadian da microraproduction* historiquaa i'^; \ Ttchnical and Bibliographie Notn / Notas tachniquas et bibliographiqua» Th to ^ Tha Instituta has attamptad to obtain tha bast original copy availabla for filming. Faaturai of thit copy which ba bibliographicallv uniqua^wrhich may altar any Bf tha jmagas in tha raprodiiction, or «vhich may /sighificantly changa tha ùsual mathod of filming. ara '' /chackad balow. □ Colourfd covars/ Couvartura da coulaur D D D D D Covars damagad/ Couvartura andommagia Covars rastorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura rastauréa at/ou palliculéa Covar titia mining/ La4itra da couvartura manqika Colourad mapi/ Cartas giographiquas an coulaur Colourad ink (i.a. othar than Mua or Mack)/ Encra da coulaQr (i/a. autra qua Maua ou noira) I I Colourad platas and/or illustrations/ / Planchas at/ou illustra'tions an coulaur Bound with othar matariai/ Ralié avac d'autras documants 0Tight binding may causa shadows or distortion along intarior margin/ La raliura sarréa paut causar da l'ombra ou de la distorsion la long da la marga intériaui^ □ Blank laavas addad during rastoration may appaar within tha taxt. Whaniavar possiMa, thasa hava baan omittad f rom filming/ ' Il sa paut qua cartainas pagn blanches ajoutées tors d'une' restauration apparaissent dans la texta. mais, lorsque cela était possible, ces pages n'ont pas été filmées. D AdditionaJ comments.7 Commentaires supplémentaires: This item is filmed et tha réduction ratio checked bel< Ce document est filmé au taux de réduction indiqué ci-dessous. ^OX MX 11X 12X IfX J_ aox L'Institut a microfilmé la meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a été possible de se procurer. Les détails da cet exemplaire qui sont paut-étra uniques du point de vue bibliographiqua. qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la méthode-normale de fihnage. sont indiqués ci-dessous. " ' ' • ^ - ' ' . / ' □ Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur • » Pages damagad/ " Page%jffodommagéas □ Pages Vastored and/or laminatad/ ^* Pages restaurées et/ou pelliculées Pages discoleured. stainad or foxed/ Pages décotorées. tachetées ou piquées □ Pages datachad/ Pages détachées EShowthrough/ Transparence QQuality of C^alité iné print varies/ légale dé l'impression □ Continuous pagination/ Pagination continue □ Includes index(es)/ < Comprend un (des) index Title on haadar taken from:/ Le titre da l'en-téte provient: □ Title page dtf issue/ ^ Page da titré de la livraison □ Caption of issiia/ Titra de dépfrt de I» livraison 71- D Masthaad/ GéfiérMiue (périodiques) de la livraison .WL .2&& =3QX= / Th( poi of Ori b«( thi •io otli fin •io ôr i •ht TIR .^ wh Ma .dif< •nt b«( rigl r«q mé 24X 28X 32 X '# u'il nt de viM • tion lit . / / Th« eopv filmêd h«r« has b««n raprodHCvd thunkt to th« g«n«rositY of : « $oc1ét« du Nusâs du Sôrinalra dO! Quêboc ' ■■ '■ ? ■ ■■:■"■■ Th« imaçM «ppahring h«r« ar* tha bast quality posaibla conaidaring tha condition and lagibillty off tha original copy and intkaëping with tha filming contraet apaciffcationa. '--<'■'■- y •-.::■,', ■■ Original copiaa in priritod papor cdvara a»a fllnjad baginning with tha Iront eovar and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa- aion, or tha baek eovar Ivhan appropriata. Ail othar original copiaa ara f ilmad baginning on tha f irat paga with a printëd or Illuatratad impraa- aion, and anding on ttiâlaat paga %with a printad 6r illuatratad impraaaiôn. L'axamplaira filmé fut raproduit grlea à la générosit* da: ^lét« du Musée . du Sôrinaire de Québec '&, Laa imagaa «uivantat ont été raproduitas avac la plua grand aoin. compte tanu da la condition at da la nattaté da l'axamplaira filmé, at an ,conf ormité avac Jas conditions du contrat da filmaga. Laa axamplairat originaux dont la couvartura tn papiar aat impriméa iont filmé* an commançant par la pramiar plat at an terminant soit par la darnièra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'imprassion ou d'illustration. soTt par la sa«ond plat, aalon la«as. Tous las autres axamptairM originaux aont filmés en commençant par là pramièra paga'qui comporta une empreinte d'impraaaion ou d'illustration et en terminant par la darnièra paga.qui corhporte une telle amprainta. jjha laat racordad frama on aach microfiche ahall contain tha symbol -«^(maaning "CON- TINUED"). or tha symboî y Imaaning "END"). • .^ whichavar appiiaa. ' ■■ \ :■■: y-,'.;,-;., //..■y- ■ y. . Mapai plates, charta. etc.. may bb fiimad ât . différant réduction ratioa. thoaa too large to bê antiraly included in ona exposura ara filniad baginning in tha uppar laft hand corner, laft to right and top to bottotn. as many f ramas aa raquirad. Tha foiloWliig diagrama illustrata tha mèthod: _ 7- 1 2 "ai' . ■'-. * Un daa aymbolas suivants apparaîtra sur la darnièra ïmaga de chaque microfiche. 'selon le caa: la symbole •%*- signifie "A SUIVRE ". le symbole ▼ signifie "FIN ". / :■ ■ : ■'.-.:. '^ - ' . )■ Laa cartaa. planchas, tableaux, etc.. peuvent être- filmée è daa taux da réduction différents. Lorsque la document est trop grind pour être raproduit an un aaul cliché, il est filmé è partir da l'angla aupéHaur gauche, de gauche è droite, et da haut an baa, wx prenant le nombre d'imagaai nécessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illuatrant la méthode. (. I . 1 v> aax j6 / A ^'0.-' .€ . ' i r: ;■>- Bibliothèque, ^ Sémmaire de Québec. fi '^ »*. '..'. il ■ ■y /■'■ ex be tu -.^i/: .X. Le fit rct jut ser h, au r *\ / / ( ! and hcai - Yroi * toi cna am { ioici }>0U t / ■" ÀDVEHTISEMENT. • Seulement mtkefUd «irer, 1 i^ermined to wam the Pubiw oj thedeieptum.and oj the great miitty %hich Emigrants must 'J^rtfnce m sui h. a distant and inhotp, table région. But it-aa» dffficutto procure tht necestary injurmatùm ; and More tt coulé be obtawed, the progreu ofthe American waf callcd mu atten- tion todutress tiearer hléte. i ^ > , » ■■•"'/,■■ .' ' ■■ ■ It vas nottUl lattJune thai I vas ableto get a copu ^his 'ffteoJtruth.'^Jothotevho dreamazed.ajter readws my rmarks at the promiée, and auertiom whick it eontains,! am ju^ttfied mtaj/ing, that promise* $tillmo,e retnarkable, and as- *frtio„sstiUmoreei(travagant,v:eremadc(ni the Earl oj SeU MhtmelJ, „t i^tromûess, in Junc 1813, to person» Jm he 'S.as entiiuitr^to goout. •"'f»r««c Tcv: of tlne xmlvUed ,„eu hat'e i«^ a; ,//<« agrcarcrt ; an ^';,w.w.«, 1 lu.j,c,not u;/,v//y mode, tôpnxcnt legahcc!ress:,or ^^chiiinns:..un ovgM t.hc inJluUd on SpevuhUors/uAoper. ^u;.!clamUics,iindcrJalse prcta.us, to Uaxc their natne rUurch-lnU,n Uudson', BayJromthesetetiti.oJ the dimaU ^andthe ^^ahty oJ theirjood. 'othcrs sert. 4 ifOurT^ f'calth; and notoneo/thosewho hâte escaped/eawijovfutdZ to Canada. J hejotloutng Letter may prévint anu more frZ a,o>t,,,e.v,gthe nnseries of the polar régions , and thtZ aUl Z> un f'"'- ^^' retributixejustieisiue ; and^Zter v,^rffy ihat among the many great »an.ple. oJ di^interesedbenC ' valence socomn^ontn Créât liritain,o,e\naybefoundsuû.ci^l Vu^apl to compcl l.ordUclkirk, andhis brlth't Propriété Z , //.r omplecon,pensa,,o,itotAe!iurtivors,Jor theZone! ànd ij^'ais lo,tai Church-hiU, and the miserie^they AavccZ7red VonK, Tppcr Canada, Oclober 5, 1815. ' ,. V ■- v--" ^ ■ ■., '\ ■ . * . -'y y ■\ -\ : ? , . . ;-■ / ' - -w ' * , ■ i ■» , ^ •f .* \.\ \ \ ■JT"- ( / . V ■•■w \ ■ . ■ . V ■ ■ /i ■■ : • ■ ■*■ « >■■]:■ ::.:.■ ■ - ll-_... ., 'f '. / / LETTER, Sçc. .•» — . i« J *«AD. with some pleasure, manv Veara l,!Z t^»ever-l dogmas of political ecooomy. whirh vou iSKttmf «5 f "^ '^'^y*^ «mWUon froai tbe 4afah^b!.î !.*?**• ^y ">«*"« of interior improvement, Peert^- ■^- ïu^*^**'' ^I. waa delighted to find a Scotrh In th7Sr*- '° """^^ ntelligence. and felirity ôf style m the mtcresting^ccomit pf your Seulement on Prince Va w«rd> Island, the difficuUies'which emigrant. have'to ^ inoMnt. beforcestablishing themselves in anew coantrï^ a«' deta.led w.th much trulh. and perspicuity, a^d Z fi^;^" ' ^d^vantage by those wUo are preparing to r^move to J!- But tbe goôdness of the style, and truth of delÉ&ion could not secure the gewnU planof this settlement fSlï.; jeyerest TeprobaUpn.i Your Uiïlsbip^ m^ States, wbiçh those whojire isnoraot of the manner of este- >m . AT ""i*™"*». a«d of selling unculSîaUd laS "ftl^ea^^te!"»,*'^''^'"'?"™*^ Sb tSLhl,P^i?*'''"^>5« unfortunate Settlers, accept. 7 ** ''^J '«ows, njitive Amencaus never would Neniooacies. wastoosmalh In a very fei veari tho ^rmer, tf in^u^trious, must hâve sold o„C o^pui^Sî^ î^ ore- tbc adjacent . "'," :.. ,ii' . . J'. . : - ■-•' . < ■ \ . \ - "■ , à ^;|^ "',.■■ ■ \ - . a. \ ■ *' 6 \ atfiacent lands. a( your own price. Ilad farmt, «ireii larga larnit, bct fteitlers fur nothing, and tke' meai.s of oiiUi%atioii for tlie dru y«)ir, the advontagfl woitldl luîve leefryfltiv8.g^ U is theacttlérs that give value to th c herished (as you sny) high sentinjents of iuUeptndence. Tbese remarks nre called forth by yoar tordsbip's ani- madversions upon tbe great encouragenient given by Go- \ernnient lo tJ)e first settlers in this IVoviiicfe. I canrot a- gree witb your 1 ordsbip, in 'supposing, that it was eilher umvise or pe rnicious to give theni rations for one or two years after tjieir fsrms hadbéen allotted tbeni; Coosisting chieRy of refusées, they could not bave nibsisted wii^out this assistance, and as it wat they found much difficalty, Tbe most cnnvenient stations for placing tbem were at'a great distance from the inbabited parts of LibWei Canada ; < the communication was expensive and difficult.alÂd nonc of ^be settlers bad the rtieaiis of purchafci«g,pr0vJ6ioniB at Mont- real» and brmging ihem totJpper Canada. 'J'be [great exi pençe of trarsportatinn, addrd to the pritaié costl (at that time very higb), pluccd^hem far leyond the reacb of tbe inobt industiii'us sctllel. It may be freely adn(itted, tUat stimulants are very necessnr) , on many occasions, io rouse to actuo c:.eni(:rs, aftd tebellion; and deseived every indulgen^e tbat Government rould afford them.l'he^fngwasmadeacquaintedwithtbeirsituation.^and baitwedto relie ve 'Item. He gave tbem lancls.farming utensils, anrJ p. ornions. His kindness wàs attended with the raosl bene- noiateirects;the luvalistswere encouragedto perse vere|,tbe lit- tle produce they raiied enabled them to procure some cal-- tle beforetbeir rations were «ritbdrawnî and the horrors of the wilderness began to disappepir. Having constructed to- lerable buts, surrowided with a/ieM or two under culuva- tion, they began to be aLtached to their new possessions. • . '.■ * ( The conditions offered by your Lordsbip to spttlers, ia yoursecondattemptat colonisation, deserve greater censure than thosé alrëady noticed. It is, indeed, impossible fo bc- hold with complacency a British Peer turning a laod apecu- lator. at a moment when bis country was in imixiineiit dan- ger, and.instead df flying to her assistance, and disdainmg ti» survive her fait, antiripating that melanrhuly event, by an- xiously preparing an asylum in a distant conier pf the earth. Forevery settler brougbt into Upper Canada by your Lbrd- •hip, youreceived 200 acres ofland,of which you werè bound to grwit him 50, makmg a nett profit of 150 acres on each setUer. Tbis portion of 50 acres being too smâll for a.farm, must, in a fiew years, be sold at atrifle, or the pnssessor compelled to purchuMt jmy^ price, as soon as he was able, M tbat could ever M|fen on so small a farm,) the adjoiiiing lands. Thisisawf^ bf acc'umulating property, uot tbo most honorable to the Peerage, und attended with the most pemicious conséquences to the coldny, and its administraiidn. Such settlers consider tbemselves dupes ; they becon.e dis- eontented with their situation, and with the Government vhich permito such transactions. And it must be allowed, ihat it wottld be much better for the King to grant, at once, anyquantityoflandthf^thechooses.to a person whom he l^isfeed to serve, than to |^ve it in this manner. tam lei to acquit your Lordship ofany profit, as yet. t- 10 '■>-^-' !■'■ Taking tbeié thingi into coii.id«raUoB. I wm dùp<4d î» W L j M**"**' "*** *" l» ?!>«•• Canada. Yoo «uiht tions offered on botb occ«»ioiw wera •ïtrem.ly hbJnl- h^r vttiltoAm^nca. it will not be w ewy fc excurt /oyfor «f Your pnyected setUement at tbe Red River af OiîSii» / ftll th^i *Jt«^ded witb tbepiottbarteful coneequence» ti TopravethÎ5,Ihaveonljrto examiaetbe aM«rtion« «nd encourageuieoi. in tbeirord«r, as pubh.hed ÎTyoWr iC pectus 10 xnducc Sub«ç.iber. und LikrJn <^SLIZ: x \ ■ - - ■ • 4 rf fc*^ Ip^-^"''*^'''"* î^"* '^ • ^'? '^^^•^ Settlement ia as ÙA^jr *■ , ■ • ■ ** A tract oHaM, coDsisting of soroe millions of acTM and m po.nt of soil and climate iufenW to no.,ï?£«airex: 18 r«motefro»n the présent seiUements. If a tract ôf tii» saoïe extent and ftrtibty wcrçotfered for sali in1S^::î^ nada. » >-l Mdtt, (il ^Avft Scotia, piirrliAsers woutd tr ea|er tp obUi»' itatonebundrrd, pcihups iwu lîuiulTtd ihousuiio feUiiua» ; aiid.at ibMt price, would make un ample prohi, u, tlie^^urkOr of «onie ypars, b) retajhi.g li, lu bm.ill l^.l^. m an «dvuncecl prire, to actu.ilj>etllej$. TUt l.miis ai tjui biioii, nu wa^b ojf- fe/eni io advaBta^ta, iua> Le j.vrdiused lor aboui i,iu,OUO .. sterling." i Jnthis portion ofthe rrosp. A htiuujjer waïAa ua- ^ Jinully Buppine, ihul ub l ppei Canada i8cai»lUlv oimtied in compainig tbe laiidbot tire Hrd Hi\»r \vul) tl.e o;hrr lo- l..wie8,iiîey l'omedfiariqfibut e^nM\e|>i«'viiici, uMt tb- j)tciully since lbe> are d«clar«rt to Le iqu.!!. m mhI uno cli- mate, lu any in brilish Auieiica. /.s respecib t! é 'vuiue if tbe larid, situation is every thuig. 'I ht u.ost liuitlul iaiKy m tbe worlu is wortb no'bii.gî itiurrounued uni. UHpi.>.atti.ie inoiuitains. 'Ibe abbériu.n, ihe tfoie. tliat tJi^s/ luuiisara no ways diflereut m advanUi;ts In-ni ihose i.t l.owt r t i.nada Hi d Nova Sçotia, is laUc, lui^t&s iLei: hUUaUun U tquaily ia\ curable. ' ' ." ^The Prcprietois ni.iy k- ignorant, Lut ynu know.tny I.oni, that situation I» tbe iriie ciiuru.nN t ibt %tt«u« ..ji laiM.s. .a»d thepriiiPipul cause oïreiarding.trt ^cifJriatii.g/theii btu.e.. nirnt. 'Ibat a f miilar tr.»ri »n li e ii,ai lUme, ci.lonies w.,i.l(i . • jm at ihib swft p^ bejrefly adniiittd ; tor. if we buppo^e îrW^Hi8ibt(>Hî.u.ftiilUon6otacns. une lun.^rtd tboi.bui.d; . guiAieas wiKbe hitle «lore thaii sixr|.tnce pe/ acre, anu 3 et tbe Unds on ihe lUd Kiv.r uoi be «...ih a/fcirtbti g. 1 be ' ; niariUine colonies are gtt.in^ p»»pub.iis. 'lile w^nis of eii.i- graijfb caii Le supplit-d by ibnr i.tigln,.»uré al u le bonal-la e.\j)ence, and tbe ci.niij.unirjiiiun is «..syaiid expeduious- biiiat tbe Ked Kuer. evi.y biug is tJ./ievéibe-iio pnpul ; iaiioii, n» conilorls, no Ciminiunicaiion./ iViinieed, tbib pio- . ' Jécied cob.ny oid p,.bbe«8^HS uiui.y iWvui.tagiS as ilio^e < uf Lower Canada or Nova bco^.a, 1 agrté viilli y„m ] oid»bip, . thaltl.epurcbab. niouey Is exctedj*',^ly vtas.mabit. ù.;d ibat Ihe piulits.il tbe prnpnetos would be imniei.bt ; but as u pubbcbbËb no reul uuvaniageb, u wiil bu luuud suflicientiy 4(f ar^^ ^- -% ' »»t^^»wpo6edto themoétttriouittbjtctionr^^ - In fine, «he charter, ^Xrïhïïil^lîL** r/**^*"- wceived any ?Mrni>^S^^iJ^ ^J^'* »>** "«^«t thetitleZexceolSSS?';?;^ ««t cm,tt«^e. dedariiig wrict oniniikfi . • fn, ;~ « «^^ . ** , . J « ." .'#' ■r. • il -• '- '■■■■■ \i- II- V Ml >' * ^ ! ' - « ni «r^e)y dccli^eci bringiog jtbc quettion to a decUioa io a ctflirt ^^.ofj^stice.^,^;.:; ».'v , i..^:t.''-- :. .;. , .::^! -:. %■ -:^ .; A^ter jjK^tic^ihg the tide, tbe .Frospectu* artfoUy assisnt , the remoteiiess of tbe situation as tbe cause of tfae cheàp- n«si; fif the^urf^ha^ ; but în d<>iDg this, it is obsenrcd, nd dpubt, ,(iQ(r tbe f ncffuragement^f the s^ttlor», ** thut the^i* tuajtùin js svicb,, (b^tAbe popultitien tbe British Colonies aiuk tbe United btattjf of, Auier^ca,^ strlkés tbe St. Laurence in tt 4jtbdec;if;e «jlNoith |^^lu>ie, und tbctice prnci^ tbern side of I^ike ;^a|Ker4or i» suuilir,' s > tbat, întlie ea»^ teut of thèse tvfo L^^t or for mi>re than eight hundred an#'^ £fty miles, there^ao be uo settlement l'rading statiaai' therp may tKla.-'but Vpp^'' Canada, tbe neareM Culony, cam'\ ne ver ej(^enà;far(hei thàn to tbe Nortb bauk, of Lake Muren^ or to thti^if:ftrf aiity of its South East Bank. If to tbis we ' addj^Ttî .distance ^rooi Lake Superior to Lake XViiupie, wfaich l^f^r^, fil 4 direct lipe, ^y the mup, (ive hundred mile», ire may very si^tely say, ^t no British colony will «ver - approacb nearef (bi^ i\y«Ive or thirteen bundred miles.' < * ' The Prospectus continues— " Tlie expence, bowever,t > woplf^ be too greal for an individuul, and il is, tbercfore, propnsed |,o ioi ni a joint btock Company, in iOOshares, ôf Jt*'00 ^^cb, Bo us lu raise aâUtu of ^20,000, of whicb « '. ' m ibe pure fa jse ot îhe tands;Tir^w8=~~ tiun / !ï- m tirtu, libe.ftinAioder in those ej^pences which are necftasaiy in brihgtngin setUeis, and théteby rendering. die land valu- able;" :' , .,■ v/. . ..<, The Governur an<* adventurers tradipg to HudiNni's fiay fa^y côngratùlate tbeixiselveg on receiving*^ 10,000 fur' a ■i ortion «f their tupposed terntory, whicb« fur fbe jfiurpose of colonizitig, is not wortb so many fiirthiiigs ; but tu sup- pose, asyour jUrdship-.eems to do in thi^ paiàgraph, tbat an3^'8uni of mo^ey can remedy tbe disacKantages arising frona a situatiojQ so remote, is exccediiigly àbsurd. Dut, a« I feel no oinreffi for any loss whicb tbe broprietors niay exr perience, and^m anxiuus ooly for thelsettlcia, I proceed witb the Prospectus. \ " To thèse settlers land will be dîsposed Jf, eîther in the way of sale, or iease in perpetuity, at the option of the Set- tkr, on ternis veryadvantageous'lo hiiu, and, at tbe satue tirae, ' abuni^itiy advantageous to the propriettfi-s. As there are vanuus objections against receiving into the pro- posed settlemeot, any Anienctins, of ihe description of those whoa.e iikely to otlér'thciuselves, the settlers uiust be etni- granis fr(»m turope ; and the most teasible plan seeiiis lo be thattbey abould be selected frooi those parts oJ the United Kingdoin, wbicb are most over-burtbened with inhabitants, viz. tbe liigblands of Scotland, and si^me parts of Jrelaud. Asçpall proportion oftbe emigrants whonow go froni thèse disuictïiio the United States of America, wouid be more tbaunudScient for the object in view. Such a change in tbtir destination could injure no partof tbe ki^igdona ; and wuuld «^v« t«» thft .empire subjects who would, Qtherwise, be entue- ïy] l«8t to their country^ To facilitaie an object thus equal- |ykdvan(aflfH)us to the public, and to the p fur, ^iiciçfore, lEe pi)or emigruuts from Ireiai.d X \ aud «ail Scotland ira «nder no partieular oUig»Uoii to yov to|^ •bip. Butco tamtbs stTMiaqf MBignuiwiirpBt flië l^aitcd States ofAmeric* to the BritUh Coloniet, is clin -object «»f the greatest importance, aod were tbit tbè èkt% 9tyow^léndtkiÊp*t exertiona, tb«ycoal4 «ot^ anfficiantlv praiwd. To préserve the subjects «f Oreat Britain as loyal «oiooists^ whofind their situation disagrreable at home, aud «« deumioed'to amigriMe, oiust be the eamrst wisli of r?*"*"**^* *^*^ propermeanaof bringin^ itdb lat Wht loba omine^^ H appea», »d«jd, froœ ineasaret Ikt^ly ^. ««Orthat the iVlwisIryfa^tobe sensible of its importancr, •Md U la to Ht' hoped, tfaai^ total exclasion of Ainericaèi •ettlw» wdl fiM4i>.piirt of their plan ; for, anless tbis policV fte adopted, and rigidly adbered to, this valiiable.eolmiy caà- not be long preserved to the British Crcwn. Tho Americans «huuld be considersd aliens, as «rell as oth- •r nations, né deriared inrapabie of holding landcd proper- iy, or of h^viag any sbkre in the Govemment. The gener^ al defectio» of récent settlers frem tbe United States of A- «jerKa dunng tbe late contcst, shews this to be a measure of impenous neeessity ; for, wlMlfr the g»at majority of thepeople e*hibi*ed a loyklty uirlMoh fcas never beensur' jassed, the greater p«t of tbe American adventurers et- ^r ctesertedk or held biiek ; and i. «oni» parts oftliecoiui, JT where they were numenwa, «ndangerad tba aikiv of ^ %al subieci», by their tteacheroag sidb^nea Tth^îmea,? a crfTJ'S?"^*'^' twdsWp-i iMentfo» of eetablishînï âj» too well «^«wnd with tbe d«pravity of tbê AtâèTifioI chuter tode«rejj„y„„„b.r«ftSp4te^^^^^^^ f»w»t. fan», navertheless» persoadid^îhatiofcJfmJrÏÏI' 2?,1 • i^ ^ '^ **^ contaurination of thè^ V^ XîJ^ -^ T"^ "***" ^ tempt Britisfc subjefete to ieavê risk their hvei, •bomostafterwards- fiom theTsitSo^ become Amencan citions, or be eut off from aJrJrïS I communication witb tbe rest of the w,rld. PeSt. ^oir ''l'y' v-:^,'v- -^-.r- -- --' ■-; -■ . -'v--^' -^mJ -f-& À^ 4 w ^^ t .i|i«r iDtervcofs betwtèn tbe marre of tfi* HmA m.^^ «iciiji^ nwjoritj' of tbe mhabitants adhéré lo." ^Wti!tâ^^tTf'T^^ «=c.; „or oughi:u.e ;"S "^t^t^f ilbe L^l?^ wbat per««.«>„ pU^t iiratté 10 mai/t^n ,*'"î^^^^ »»«*>« tbej^ emigr.te. iiVdè. flicity of 8*ci • * ^^^•^^ "***'""' •ncounming tbt ^«W-' <* i^j * tU' Imdi •'i ^«sa ia,por^„t nutural «IvanUMie,. «wr «^^S .^>i ^t^l^f DOW remain unoccilpied in Kqv^ .Sçotia, afl(^th« adija^cent co»* Inniés, it cànnut be deemed uhreasonable, if ibréeitlcts, itt gehrral, are rbi^rged for thtir laiids at tbe lowest rate vrhirh tbey \^ou||d pay in tbose profirinces. On tbe cithei haud*» tbey Wili ilàtujally çxpect to be cônveyed to tbfir lands, w^tbbut incurring nwre exprnce tbàn if tbey were to settîe in tliese niaritime rolnnies. Tbe tnanag«n of tbe cunc^in inust, tlie';erore, nndertake to provide conveyahce, at mo- dèrate ratés, for tbe emigrants wbo go out under their pa- trq^age. Tbé rate of passage ni()n<'y paid on board other sbips b«iund to Ahierica, oiay be'taken as tbé criterion.— ; Tbese rates bel ng atways pfopurtioned to ibe priées offreigbt and siiippirig àt tbe tinje, no matcnal loss can bc appreheu- dcd upon tbe sea voyage. .• 1**^.-^ a- " Eat, as tbe place of sêttlenient is at a considérable dis- tnhce froni tbe iea, an extra expènce must be uicurred for tbe inland çonveyance, wbicb tbe emigrants canhot be ex- peoterfto pay, if tbey are to be cbai^ed for land al the rate of tbe mariunie colonies^ l'be ex pence vrbicb will tlius fali upon tbe proprietnrs may be estimated at ;€lO sterling for eacb fatnily of settlers, at an average. Tbis, bowever, "will be amply reimbursed in tbe prie* ol their land." ït i» nbt easy io discbvèV, in tbé foriner part 6t tbe Pr /vigable streams and lakes, as any tbat bave been gi\en a- tvay. lo say, thervfore, tbat tbe lands on tbe Red Hiver' possess limportant naturat advantages over any wbicb nçw rémam unoccopied in NoVa Scotià, and ibe aijaeetit colo- nies, is to dfceive, uniess it can bè proved, tlmt a tract »>f land, far frum protection, ànd surrounred by bostilè liidi- anf, ià more valaable tban ricber land, in tbe midst ui wealr tiiy settlements. ; / l* J \ 1**'-^ It is well known, tbat tbe inb^bitc) part of fYp*f Càna-^ da consists of a. very narrow strip, along tiie bcini^s of the Sti Laai è tC e , ftbd the Lakta^^Jxt e Bd i ngî m -many pia *** », ■■'- "' '-•-■-' ■' i- " ^ :'■■■■■ -^ ^' ■. ■' \ "• ,'• ;:jÏi^: ^f -Xy-^ ^"^-Tf^ifF ^IWéVïj 17 Wtawwtbantwelvt rtilesback, aniïthat,iD Ibii setUtd portion, Ou Goverraent «tiU retain» one-seventh. which may be giveii to good ketUerjB, and, at tbir very time ia " artually granting to f migrants from tbe Inited Kingdom. Ijtroth, tbe Unds^to be «ranted are more eligible, ail ^ thuig. eon«dered. tban tboseSvbich were bestowed on tbe Loyabst» at tbe commencement of We settlement in L'pper Canada, fbe new «éttler ha» no| now. as he bad tbeo. to trave twoor tbree hundred miles for bis supplies; tbé «fthlf?"*"* ''Hhinaftw hours walk, can lùrnisb bim Mrith ail be wants. The soutber» townsbips of Lower Ca- n^tn n°* fT'*"? *** ««"'g'-nt., are equal. perhaps superi. or, »B point of soil, to any other part of thisVovince. ko" i!?** ^f5 ^''''*'" '^y* ^''" ^'^'^^ ^l'Kenzie, vol. i. page .J^l 1??* •" " ^"«thern direction to near tbe bead- watera «f tbe Mississippi. Tbe country, on eitéer sid^U îïi. '*?"*? n"P|'î*** ''"*^ ^"°'^' «"'' «^««««sts «f pla ns^ covered wi J Buffalo and Elle, especially on tBe Western wf U . "'*.^'^,':° "de are lakes ^nd ri vers, and the whule countiy js well wooded, level, abownding in Beaver! ^«"S ih^ A? '^^•''' ^*?^" ^'''''''' 'Jhe"atives.who are of tbe Algonquin t. ibe, are n.,t very nunierous. aid are comidered as tbe ««ives of Lake Supe'rio,. Th.s coun^ry bemg near tbe Mississippi, is also iphatited by tbe ïi dovvas.8 «ho are the naiural enetnieà «f the foUer, the beud of tbe water being the uar Ime. \They are in a con tinoa stata of hostaity. aud, although Ihe Algonquins aï^ equally brave tbe otl^r» gene.âlly oul-numbeT ihem It i« very probable therefore, that if thé. latter coSe to ^nture «ut of the woods, which form Itheir onK Protec" uon, they wilUoon be extirpated. There is not.Vrhaps j fioer country m tl.a *orld, for the résidence of uncfilS f . iT ^''P^"'>^' It abounds in every thing necessa- ry for the wants and comforts of sucb a peo^e ^fîsh "ê- nisoo,.and fowl, w.fh ^vild rire, are in gLat plentv ; wb^^^^ ^t the same ti.ne, their subsistence requires that hodilv ext ercise, sonecessary to bealth and vijiàlir." f ^ _ I quorrine whole of thirp^ge, allbough grèatcr nart rf the eulogy, wuh whicb it çoncludes, belopgs fo thaï l"\ -- -.-'-- .,C_ - -^ --- --of •Atall «vents. ,h. «,n if ,T i. .'/"' "* ' '""''"•' "'""y- ■"8 b, «h. G„,„„™.2^ .rthté^^ji'r.^ib'i^^grr'- the rest of thê'proilir'ffi'"'"''/ • "■» ««1 b. fS,nd, b» raiof i^spirac^ iJsoir^'^^^^ situation, i» a\ th* the atpve rate, wlif^u^f ^S^"'^ -<« 00acr«; at «ttfcr. If hesbJ|?^^^^;^«;8«<^^^ years. repax the charcÏÏ !L n ^' *"* '*"' ^'*'' i» 'wo dear încomi to U^e prJ^L^^.,:*»^^ '««-« aûerwanlsa. a incll;.le the Canadas^ wTe^'vTulrth; r''^'* "^ ^'^"^*' per acre. You mav nurrî.irïi, * 'î^ ^?*"' "»*« «» ^Os The w,iier of the^e^Ss wl ."'"'if '/^ '''''' «^«s. 6d. 18 months ago. 1200aTr« dfLn/'^''* "^ P-rchase, about for L. ICO, o? ,V. Sd^per^^e :"d' afterT^ ^"'' "'^"'•"°" offered it back for the s.n:» ^ ' """^'^Pping >t a year, of. who tvouid hî^rs oZ?^ ^'î*"'^ ""•^ "'"^^ ^'•^«••^ Itappcarjh that insfcad of Tnn To Ponnd i fori ga ch famil^ ■'""■'!"«• I-iO for eïerv;huiidKd«rr,s i„ . 1 temntt.u topilW ihe unfmin»... ' * Iw» so l>«d «,„„d fai, way te cLd» h. iTi*™' ' f'"-- 'f '"= if # â ■-■-;_ ■ vide substitues tÏ!' ' ''««^«'«es necessary tu pro- »' proportion toits weigir t'haî k rL ^ 'î *" ^'**"'*^'« a favorite natioiial objectlnd ih.* . Tï * «^"«"vation is also nefit frota ihe public 1^1" ^* «^ttlement will derjve be- promoting it." '^ *'"«"»'^aKe«»e« whicb Js held ôut lot ■■ - ■ . ' ' ' ■'' '..''' . ■ expence qf inland convenance tï^' / '' u"*^** ^^'^ '^"y try is peculiarly adapted în rh ""' ^"' '''''^'' ^''^ «"*P- scttleuient there are im«,- * '''""-'*>' "*■ ^^e proposld ■,^.| 1 !«, ■ so vatioo, and ail well fitted for pa9turage, particulàrly Ibr •heep,. Thi* U an advantage wuich no other part of Bri« tish America poBse^ses by nature, and to which therolo- nistiofthe maritime provinces cannet attain, witluwt ibe laburious and expentive opération nf clearing. If tn this ad- vantage the prbprietnrs kdd tbaituf a good breed of Spànish Merinosbeep, the settlerrcannever-'meet witb any difficuU ty in payîng tbe price o* rent of the lands. The fleeces uf ten or jwelve âhe*'p will pay tbe rent of 100 acres, and vrith tbe producé of a very small stock, the price of a lot of land may be paid off in three or four years." ■■*■ '■■■.'-' . .' Before we can form a correct opinion of the vahie of thèse productions, it is necessaiy to examine Uie cemmonicatioas between tbe Red River and tbe séa. Xbese coromunications are three:— I. By Hv]^s(>n's Bat. . r ; ^ II. ày Canada-. . / . III. By thk Mississippi. , 1. By Huûson's Bat. Tork FOctory^ from which the boatsfor the interior tak» '/ ,v ftoes are commonly used....*. •••• 32 Carried forvard.....* m ttl In tbii dntance tbere is a «eries rtt «faottls/vtrong rapidt, ijjnivmerable Butiketi rocks, twelve posrtuges, and many diacharges .....,., JW* i«if Kkter. Many tapids, .and five carrbg places v1^^ ............. .^, ^r»i* Kircr. ^ rMaoyrapids, &.twocarryinep4aces Jrf o/y Lalhp. ■ HitlRittr, Svumpy Lnke. Bivukts Sf matt\ „■ Brv9k Laka. j "vecârrying places ..♦.^...••. Bacham^mtmau In dry seasons no water nus in this hffook, fh^ie are ten beaver damft kept in repair; and in dry seasons tbe canoës must wait th« brook ^lling «^p. Ai ihe foot of tfaé dam it is fr^uently as dry as a barn floor» • • • * ^hi^ discbarges into ihe Sa&katcba- wan.\ 50 t 10 4/ 13 30 Hmr Lakt ÛB iMkeWtktpte. By the W side, which is moch thc H^n;^, ,, JS?*^'"^ .••••......il.. 30d ,•>•,«« • • • • •••*•• • • .\. . . . • • • «^ .-.k 50 815 The distance from Yorft fwiftory to tbe seulement appears to be èiRbt hundred and fifiteén miles ; but as tbe greater iiiimb«roftbe settiers stupped neai'tbe Fofks, atwhichthé Oovwnnaertt House inA bdilt, yke mon subtract ninetv miles, _wbich kave« sevten hundrftd and ten miles, interropt- «d with lirsnty-five carryingj»laces, besides many otber in», pediment^ As you procfeed Up tbe river ftom tfa6 Forks to lambiné Broôk, tbe climate bccomes^Micb miider. and tbe «oïl more fevorabl6*---^-î-^-^;^;v- ::7:-n- ---.^-^^^-p.v-J"*. ■ On this route tbe rivers and Iakes begin to break up ib tbelatterendof Xlay; bttttbcy are not soffiçi e nUy clear^ ^ / 1 ice 22 ic« to âdmitof a safe navigation, till the middie of June; norcan a Lont or canoë leave Yoik factory loç il,e lît^d Ki- Thl: r''î"" ^i'' ^^^ "* Sephfmber. TWe »bettUf fan. lûerrtorf, depifnd only up«m eighty three dM Wi ibè year Bjr transncung ihe comiiitrciul businés» ..f ihr colony bv IIud.on»B*r In the distance bctween Vo.k F;ci«i,yHnd J-ake^^,n,p»r, boat» can navigute only one iiui^died und Jwelve niiK wuï, advantage. F.om Uie ènuaiice ol ibe LakPs.tp ibf Forlc. «f ^be lUd Riyer. bouts «..é préférable fo canoës. Through tbe whole distance fr..m tbe sea U» the ■ f '^'7^"»',f « crevv of „ bout .«• cau»e w.ll ra.dy be abM rhn,| five day»^ provisiuix», and mus t supp^u-tlum^-lv/' w,tb whatlhey huvelaid in store.. Durmg wiri.ec. ^ travelling n„ iheice apd snaw, things are .till V Througli al tbedMance,.tJie^count.y is ifxtremeinw^ dmg, be.ng liitle more thanqne vîts^^angeVf nicÊs; suamiT andjuor.s.es. Sho«ldany misfortune Vppç„ lo the ^ or canoë, the c*ew must iiieviiablv penslT - ■ in?! 'Vr"P^' *" '<"»*^rk. tbat s^me littie varietv. accord- «g to the msons, m«y take' place in tbe portagV» and rt Çd8. borne year? the waters are much hightr tlTan .-ther^ TbisseasoD Kake Ontario has bee„ th.ee leet higher than ed «o al the^ïpS. But I hive endeavi.red. fom tbe S nformafon rT!:;d4obtam. to asceitain the a^verZ. anX^^ U only can tbe selUers de^ieiid. ^ : *^ * ■■ \ ■ .'•'■ ■ " ' ' -'. ■■ " ' ... .:''i''-. ^ : ^^' ^^^Communkaiim to fie Rtd Rker Settkmoii by ;', ' Canada. ' The dislance from Montréal to Red twotbousiind miles Frvm that ci l^ke Supefior, tbe/lprincipal post pany, tbere are^o routes: one b Ontario, Erie. H Clair, lluron i^es are-navigated by vessels af thu 1 ?• A^ ï^t. Lawrence, and part of Lakes Ontario and Erie,by bye-boais tage of tpn miles lo pass the FaÏÏs of m contemplation to pass immediately *^ > >■ ' '■ , ' " - ■ River is upwards of «njort William, on WebtCuni^ >rence, jjyy| | _ ]i»r. , jlRe to 200 tons biar- tbe straight betwéén Thcre is also a por- Niagara. h is nnw from JLake Ontario <^ ^-' 1» ; JoSniwf""™'".*'""^"''' t" »•<■« William i. b» Spr,, and tbe goeds on Hieir barks as thev îl w t *''""'' • frcni York Fa?tory. The rivJr^OtL '«? "*? **" '""'• loute» join to Fort William. * ' ""''°' **^ ^''» At tbia place youleave Lake Superior, and oasA».*.^!! n!£^ .* * n*^^ 'g«l'"n of the river Winipi^ is verv d^nc.? S '«.:;«' there i« no other route fromLal^^SuSto îl^^^r!;;^t''. ""''•''' encountei-ed. FnJïwwï* tbe ràpnis. But tbe difficuItLrortnis'tu e "«Jf^^^^^^ ES^e^ ^^^^ -^-^«- S^ii Aletnïï; '«Ha'^' "Ni 1^ 1 r^ 1 '# • y— - ^ n- "' ; .:•. ■«^^- A TABLE > • ■ '■• '■■■.. ., ^l .1 ', i- ■■:'■• x: l!,V / »>■'- A^.-- 34 >••••• ' ••vU|;''.': A table' :. '■■■■■■' ^ , . ' ' V •'. 01 ilt éi^anceffom Fort Wilfiam on IMe Svpttier, abùut iMrtceu hundetii miles from Montréal, Jk twothovêandjrom ^JAe «M, toyàur Lurd^ài^'sCohUy ontHifR^d k^hei^^ -— ■ \ • . ■ ^,v- ■■^■^- ' ■■■■.'■ , ; ■ '^ OfoPkrtridge Portage.......... m^....^ .n * ». . /^ ^^s portage 600 puces Iflhg. VJ' ^~*"5V*',****^"^ ^. ... . lh% ba|f of Um load to be carrkd Si «ilès. To the Çarrt bouef Portage— • . ^^ This portage ô'SOpaces k To the Outard Portage ....^.... ^.ThJs portage 2400 pace/long. To the ElVPortage ::Z:. . . . . „ . ^ ^«"poptage 1200^ace8loii« ToJePortagep^^CerireZ ,:?.. îa tlie second Por^ge DélCerirel..,;.. i hia PortaHM 1 paces long To the k»t Portaee D^iCerire » nw Portage 380 paces long. Tutbecfidofthe Mountain Lake Tbii Portage 626* paces' long. To ihe ne jt Portage I his Portage only a few p^fts. ' To tbe New Grande Portage.;^... ;'...^.„.,J This Portage 3100 paces lonc. , To Martin Portage ^ ..i.. , ,, This Portage only 20 paces long. **t* To PeJrch Portage, through a mud.poi»d (........ >.. ...... ^1 / ihis Portage 480 paces long. | To the head of Pigeon River {. , , .|, / This Portaee 670 nare» l<>ni* • This Portage 67^ paces long. * To Ihe Eséalier Portage f / This Portage 55 paces long. / To the Cheval Du liois .' This4^ ••••••.• rtngc 380 paces long. Miles. 2 3 31 i 1 «4 0^ 5 0| 3 ^ 2| Cairied forwwd.,..45i I ■■ 95 vU >•••• !••••• •, ••• • «1 ».*.WD«G>»ri; !!!^'.';:r''' . ' '"8 portage 040 paces long To the end of iMarabœufLake, or Rock Louenaea "ow portage 55 paces long. ^,^-^.^.-^...^^*.^-^- ToLeRgAe...... ............ „ TJjis parlage 43 paces long. To Prairie t»orta|(., ........ . , T"'* P^rtHge «1 1 paces long. To the little PorjKgè De C.teaux ...... ^18 portage 1^5 paces long. To theenAof the Lake de Coteaux..! , . Jl'is portage 3^0 paces long • To the poftageof Lac liois Blanc*. .f ........; 7*"' P"""ë® ^^^P'i^slong. To the end of Lac Bo» Blanc .. . ^ Ihis portage goo paces long. Ta tbe^Portase Des Pins T An ^^'^^POJÎ*»^ 400 pares long. To. the Pont Du fioîà ... * . -, . ^ ''"8 portage 280 paces long. To LaCtoche ^ Ibis portage 80 paces long To Portage De Bideau '^"«8 portage 400 paces long. To Huron Portage T *u ^ *"'*PO'^'«g« 400 paces long. To the Portage Du Croix . . . , , This portage 600 paces long*.' * To the next Portace... T 1' .,!""P"'t«fie 40 paces lo«g. Tovermillion Lake.,.. .,,.,, To the Nouvelle Hortage*..i . »..V.V. ' " * " Tins portoge 180 paces long To the second Nouvelle Foriagc, aboSt Tliis "" - """ portage agg^HC e a long. Éb T° '''c Chaudière fv)rîafee To the Lac De Pluie Aliles. 14| U 5 15 1 fà 1 18 .3 34 '•4 2? 3i Carried forward, 2l5i M V Brought forward, fo Ihe end of the Lake ,......., ^^».. To tbe Chaudière ; i . .>.vii< 1'.'. , . ;. . This portage 32Q .paCés long. To Lac Du Bois ...,.*^.. .... ..'. .... ...... vToRjveyVinipie.^;.... Whis par'tage 50 paces long. To ilie Dalles. ;..... Totheî^rand Discharge ........ ., ........ ■,^ Hère is a very long portage, To the Littli" Dîscharge , To Terre Jeune Portage To Terre Blaiiélie ....... Toî^oftageDeL'Isle.... T^o Jacob's Falls" ••••.. ....,^ ... A portage, the falls i 5 feet high. TheWoody Point- A portage.. ' ToJlocky Portage ; To Chute a L'Esclave.... ^..>.... Tbis portage long. • • To the Barrier To the Grand Repld ...'.. . . . To the White Hiver ... .^ ....... J Seven portages ail in sight.l ' To the Lake De Bonnet .......:. .1 , To PennaxVas ....... j .......... 1 To the GuletDu Lac D|i Bonnet ..{ [[,[ To the Gulet Du Bonnet. ........ .L .... . To the Portage Du Bonnet ..... 1 ........' * This portage nearly Ij nrtifes long. To Terre Blanche .. .!..„.. ...J Two portages. • • | To Des Eaun qui |temuidt. . • • *. . 1 . *A portage. | -To second Des Eaun, &ç. only a fe^ yards ••,. A portage. ' 1 To third, &c.,'..-^. ..«„...#.. ...L ^^ A portage. 1 Milea.. >......., 75 8 25| ■♦yf*^*'' 2 2 10 12 15 '4 2 3 a T o Pr o vi s i on • Ho nsr w ••••§§•••••• ' • .' . ^ tr Gairiçd forwyftr d, 5il7 g? ,|».I.afcirHïïiipie Tothe ReH River XolbeForhB...... not alwa .^rbught forward, • ••.*«,•' . • . • M,iles. Ah 40 43, lo/r— Ibelbngthoftbe portages or ^Wirf y ing places is passing by ibis n.ute, menticn twenty fivc carrvin^ i)lace«i w^h S r Ali 'T'''''"' '""' '^•'* ^^''^ ""' correspond exactly wwnïll^^rî^"''*'''^^""^ tbey rçplied. that bis mmh/r «as greater»iis be nouced some sbort unes tlm they omitted. m thir\ RotUt t9 Red River is by Ue Mississippi. To pfSo'f.fff '"'"''/' '''' ^""'^^ °^!^«^ R»v.r, To tbe oue^Tail uk^PorUge i:;;;;::!:;: Ihis portage i a mile. 1 To the end of Otter Tail Luke. J . « Hère a portage of nearly l i rtîiles. A small Lake . ï 1 b anotber Lake . * ..»,,,*., . Whicb dwcharges into *the Leaf RiVel* *thi * ' * ' lengib of whicb is . . . . ^ 4o the Falls ot St. Antbony . » 90 200 10 ••*••*.. »... 90 60 300 After tbis tbere is no impediment to tbe Navigation in thia t^TT . '"'^t«'','he Otter-Ta.1 may be properlv coisidei Dortal '?1.'^'''* Mississippi, from wl:ich tb?re is oX o„; por âge. ull y„u reacb tbe falls of St. Antbony. Laïc! Ott.T^'irke"'^ T:T''TVV't ^^^^^or^^^t are nLl^Ki ? ^* ***** °^ '*** ^^^ «>^er the plains Z Ss of sfAMP"'' '"^ *••* '"''*"" ^'•"^ Pembfno to r-t.i- ^ /"'''T^' "°' •"»'« »faa" tbree bundred miles S!^^y!.^P/^''^* "^^'tf^'^Ot kinds m igh r b . ta kcn h^4al^ Œïi^route^ as itis mucb sborter tban by watcr. D. 2 )- r . •).■■■:• il! . That this'mustbe the oiitlet tolIi<; colony/were tfae iiB- p»dim« ntsgreateirtbaii we hâve any resison to believe tliem t'be, is tliK opinion of ail the intVUigent peraons v/bom I h.iv«* conviTsed witb ùom thui copniry» and is •ufiieiently évident from tlie' sligbtest examin^ti»»» pf tbe othei tj^a. The American &«• itlements up the Wibsissippi will at iength appnmrh the prnjected^seUli-ment vm \\w. lied River ; and the apj)liratinn of steanTto tlie purposesof navigation in that river, will give value lo laiids whirb were kupposed nf no UJ.C, on acGountof ilieir gre^it distance from the sea, and cgnsequenlly from awy market. ., ■ \ _ / ■ ' -^:::,^ .: - ■ :■■■. ■;■-.]■■■ ■ " . v Yottr Lor.dship cannot conreal the ottèr impnssibility of raisingany biilky coramodîties for e:tportatioii to advantage (Micb as grain, beef, p.irk, &c.) and your lisl i» çpnfined t© Itwo, as at alllikely to succeed. *i ■ ■ ■ . I Hemp.—Of thh article itmay bestiffiçiVnt to remark, thatit caniiot be raised profitably even in the Canadas, al- tli'>jjt.h a premium bas been offered Ky the législàtoré. La- beur is still too dear, and mil.ls, wiib Qtbpr facilitiez forma» kiiiii "P ibe raw material, too scaree,. to eoable the cultivât» tur lo sell at a reasonable priée. Thèse impediments will no doubt vanisH, «s tW^piîpula- tion increases iti the Canadas ; but the inierior situation of J^e^l River adding an i amense inlund cariia^e tocnmmo» difficulties, lendtrs the raising of bemp, with any pn»8i«ct of advantag^ qtterly impossible. The transport of herop" from the Red Fàvjjr to Montréal, w.^d «ost Is per poond» or ^112 per tep. Add ilie freigbt from Wontreat ^ Loi» don, and a very reasonable rémunération tothe farmef, and Ucould not be offered in the Biitish maiket at les* than * 100 per t«»n. It inay be purcbassd • from Knssia «t £b6i or nea'ly balf the price. , To bring it by Htidson's Bay might not, perhaps, be quite 4 so expensive ; but the diffeteuce could not begreat, afilîi^^^ the carnage iu boâts and canoës that raise» it so higè; for i aafteryou get upon the great Lakes of Canada, whereVe»* 'i «els of burthen are used, the tiansftort is dtoderate. Be- 'aides, t^e P« kingdom tb Ihe oth- l tbi>8e yaluable ammals. But let us suppose that tbe «ool dei?nv lÎT"? !!!V"y P'^'P"*^' of advantage. lîow sien- der any b^pes founded nppn tbis solita-y production must be. willappear évident from the bare inspection oftbe routei. tL}l '^«^'»*1«"<* ^ «nada. Is it not clear, my Lord, ' t lat they cannot be used even for transporting valiiable ar- iicles in great quantities, unless it were practicable to settle them through tbe wb»le exteni, vbich we bave shewn t« be .mpMéible f Tbe number of men required ^r ,l,é «mal .beat, ând canoës the smalln^s of their burden ; a consider. able part ofwhich must he takennp w.rh proyinionK nero.,» -^ iyr,)nlir¥«yage, are iai|Kîdimtirt8 which tim« «nd enter- 9zue cannot remedy. i ;!!. ' , The aaiîie difficoUics attend the transport of nftccftarre» for the colony. AU f.hdt, Uie inba^itants require from Eng- land rnust be so enhanced in vaTi««., as to iurçe theni, in a Jetr^ears^ lo pay more than3,vpul4have purchased the samé article^ aiïd a coaifortable furm tqjboot, in Uie inaritimeco-* loaies, • *" .. ■ ■4;Jîiy «è..:*.:» The same difllîcûlties will not bip. experienced in the iontg ^^vihê Mississippi i'iio Utd Kjyer. ijB navigable to the Otter- Tail Lakeb) bouts : -^fid in this direction tbere is nothing 19 be apprf beuded frc»m tUe climate, or from the want of pro- visK.tis rbetravellermay.find gaine in abundance, and !, ibe weather beçonius niilder àa be advances. The portage to the Mibsissippj, pr Otter-lail, is short, and craft may be confetrufted at a snVii! distance from its source, capable* of cariying a large qMantity «f produce. Whether hemp would bear the ex penoe |»f transp(»rtauon even in this direction, q^ay ' be reasoiiaUv do^btwl ; but. that ibis will be preferred as the ouilet to tbe colony,,, if it^ïTBDtr abandôaad, admita ûf*o question» j ■■' ï fcno\\r, niy Lord, that (hè settîers hayé b«en t^ld, that tbey >vould (Vnd a mutket for any j rpviiiouâ theyvmight raise, 0:1 the spot,/ from tbe the traders belonging to the liadson's Lay and Çadiada Coinpanies ; but yo^ must be ^ware, tbat a very few/gpod faims wjll supply ail. thatcan be wanted. Besides, the 1 traders can nuike Iheir owu pricé : for* if the seitiers do^not take what ihey chuse fo give, they will be t.>M toke^tptbeir produce, as tbey can do as well witbo«t.it now as b^îre.t(.foEe. Indeed the fur trade froih Canada esp^- cially, cfin only be supporte.d by great enterprise, a»d tbe sa 1115s on outfits. The traders antl canoe-înen are ar(^st< omed t(y dépend éntireïy npon their uwn exertions, and in many places live altogetb'er upon fish. Were thèse tiju?er» obliged to çariy provisions ^or iheir people into the interior, iM reium of furs which tbey eould procure would defray the expense» ■ ' '^ ' ! , . ' • ■■!(-.- . ■-■.;. ' • ■ , ;. ■ .'■■■'.'■ , ■/ '■ " •■ ■ ■ . • Behold, then, ifty Lorrf, the true situation ofyoureolony. Ifitsucceed, it must bltimatèly beïong to the Ampricaos. And bucb an advaneed coluny will be of infinité advantaeo- totbeU ai ted S Ute s , by sef ' " ' ' ' ■ •-' _.if^: ■m JsL Jndians, and proviog a sort of barrleror îine of protection. If your colonista quarrel witt tbe ludians and are ma?sarrcs vviil not be pustainéd by the United $tates, but by |::ngland. Tlié Jn^i dians, leamiiig the vices of the whites, will ^iniinisb in num- bers and cease to be formidable, by thé tipie tliat ihey havei eut ofltwo5>r thrée racps of eiùigranus. . l'hèn, when njoK% «migrants ate afraid t» trust lîiemselves, and the few that - mayjjavesurvivedaré reducedtô despair, the American po- j Mlation will conie fimvard and establisb a Eeit|ement wiih- ^ out trouble or expence> The Prospectus proçecds f— «Withsuch acivantages the Bcttlersmust thrivç rapidly, and it will soon become itppa-. rent totbemthattbe land is worth a murh bighèr price At fiist, bowever, itcannut be supposed ihat the comnioi emigrant will understand or bécome capable «f ahpreciating theiradvantages. On the contrary, it is lo be espected . Uiat tbey wiU be diflident, and^afraid of veniuring to a iievir ^ and(to theui) M unknown country : it wili therefoie be np- cessary to give some extr«oidinary encopragement to a few of the first who enter into the plan." '• ' ' ' ' , ■ ' I hâve fmlcd^, my Lord, in cortimunicating my owii im- pressions, if, after reading the preceding remarks on tiie l'rospectus, uny dipmterested person shall consider the sett- lerstoposspss such advantàges as the Pn.spectus pro.nisesi The ohiervatron, therefore, with which th:s passage be-ins inight Be considered ironical and excite a smik, were not the* • Bubject too serious. - . Iiis t(»omuch, my ï.ojd. to Jjring families from the-ir na- tive homts, many of which weie no douirt^omforiable. ta a wilderness, far from their friends ^relatives, wbere tbey haye to leam new habits, to suffer the greatest priva- tions, and make sacnfices TevoUing t(> ail their feelincs, and jfterall bave no prospect before them butmisery au4 wait— and then talk of their ad vantage» ! -^IJgtjgj!^ WfiU »aid , th a t tb e y Wi^Uot^HHlersUnd w^ SrZ f ' •^^^^''t^g^'' ' for, had your Lordsbip visi^ ted ,UH8 country m person, and its aveijues of communica- ■''^^' tion. , V 1 . ^n Myouougî,ttohavedone, before a Béitîemént ondef Injpe*k.«goftl.e8o,landclimale, r confine mysH^to th^ .Southbranch of ibe Ked Kiver, because it isevefy wi»ymore .o.l.3Ba„du.nlgravel.>rith a sli^bt intennixiure of ea tb! ûnd produres a short grass. Trees are very rare; nor a.e thereon ibe banks of ihe river sufficieut, exîept in purtiïL! ar spots to bu.Id bouses and supplvfirewood for the traS- .g esuibhshments, of wbich there' 'are four principal ones. ^ihJ^lTfJ^^^^^ ^''''"^'' to iheir source hi „^M ^'»"' '^'.'"«"'«c pans ibere are rapids, caused by occasional beds oChmestone and gravcl; but. in genpraJ, th^ave a sandy bottom." [Sir Alrxandçr MacAemk's l^^ r«rj! 'Ir*'*'*"' *^"' concîudes :-« From this and otlier causes, the con.me::cei„ent of the und^aking must be sub- the seulement .s well established T bot it i. only byn.ean" ad,vantages wbich are to accrue to the proprieto^^s. There ia «o mon, te believe ihat thèse expenceS «^11 ex eed the um v,hi,h,s proposadto be raised ; but it mùst be some Umï before the settlers can be nuinerous eriougb to pay ,„wh S- ther ofrent or of purchase money: Teû oVt/ery'ars cïnTÎ ''ffi"""' •"^"P^' ^'^"'' ^^'P'^^t. ol the underffi can be suffiçient to aftbrd a divideod to the pît.prietors Af? iSîi' If Tl^ the returus may be e.xpected to increase rap- «ÎhLwi- ll^T^^'T "" *"'»'" i"de.nnificationto the^ul- IZ Jt TT} Î^J^'V^»'»»'* profits majultimatelya- TrlilT^ T i° ^^^'^ ïn^gination upon any principle «f calculatioii nhich can reasopabïy be adopted ; i?e resîlt cornet, out 80 exiraordinary great, tbat it migbtâppearhké , laJfrrr" V^'' "• *'"' tb* différence betweeï boy „g ' landat Id orSd.per acre, and sell.ng it at Ss. or lOs if The spéculation may not suit those who requirc an immedi- "le mcome; but for any one ,vho ÎMesiLs^Sg " '^^' -—— -^.-^^^———----^-■l^:— .:]--. -^ : -.^ - . -.^^1.^ beforeban^' ■■' - 33 r beforehand for a yopng family, surb an éportunity aelddiu occurs. \ •h comm i m t- — TTiese rlattering promises to the proprietors are notmrro. Jikely to be lulfilled tbup tboee made to actual settlers. Bus lorihem I feel no concerb. 1 beir in.)ncy uill be expènded. and tbeo, perhaps, they will discover, tbat tbey hâve bcen made the tuols of a commercial Company .—But were thèse promises tobçrealized whicb the Prospectus intimâtes, yotjr Loidsbip oiight to bave bei-n satisfied wiih u mo.e modèmfc profit, and insteud of £50, given your lands for ^SO, ci evtV^ lies», to aciuai settler» ; £lO to transport eacb family ta Jhe proposed settlf n.ent, and £lO to ibe proprietnr : or. i/ }r.f'"w.T ''*"'" ***'""« ^" Perpetuity, «bich is not likely, then Id. per acre instead of Is. wifuld bave beau amply sufficient ; for surely a rent equul to tbe price in fce- Bimple must bave satisfied the most rapacious subscriber. «ni*"^."^ gone Ihrough the Prospectus, let ué pause for a moment, and look at tbe result— We bave sbewn. 1 bal the tule is insecui-e ; ' ji Tbat tbe feulement can receive neitbçr protection nora.- ' sistance from tbe liritish colonies; Tbat tbe communications by Canada and Hudson's Bav are impracucable for tbe porposts.if commerce; Thatthere isno marktt for grain or provisions of any sort : Tbat only one arucle, vu uool, can be poinied eut cap' able ofpaymg transport; *^ Tbat tbis arUcle may not snweed, on account of tbe wolves, tbe «oil, and climate ; ««» :^bat thé difficulty of communication will prevent tbe col- omsts from receiving a..y supplies unies» at an enormous expence ; Tbat the price of the land to settleré is a sbamefui impo- ThTTu ? ""PPO"^»*** h «tatements tbat are false ; Ihai tbe foundatK.n for serions contention is laid in not havmg satisfied the daims of the naUves bêfo e The settlement was attempted ; ""'c me il'ïrnf i'*" "'""«rJ Piobabihty tbat tbe fi«t colon- ists will be massacred by tbe lnrii>lm ^ïâï , TrfJ^Be promises ui|fed in the Prospectus le leave fcreat Bntain, are faiseur delusive ; -— -^-^-r-T-" - ^ ■ . ■-- --^:-.-— ::^-.-.Tbat ^ That tlie Colony, iritsurceed, iiiust, of neçeésity. froirt its fiontier, becbme dépendent on the .i^oited States,, and, &t length, an American rolony { /' . That t» encourage émigration t« Ihe^éd River, i&.to sa- crifi cè theisnper(luou8 populatioi^^jf Gieat Bri^ain, and ^^TtoTnjuVe ber American colodiej^ . It«ppfn \^m frfcibable \d nje^ltiy Lord, that the British Goy^rhmèr^t, m^ turn itâ at^éntiôif to yotir projected settle- inenJj. Téd^^ubjfect» y tbe, présent staté of tbe world is to lose power^ and consé'qaently evèry attempt at coloniza- tion should^é cnnsidj^t'éd a national concern Jt.may not be "wisfe to P'evei|j^. eiiirigration, but it is «ur%Iy the inteiest of Government torYake care " that good 8Ul)jf||s do not become useléiis, or ultogetbercutoff from the bàf|^i|)olitic. Colonies are commonty plaiited for the'puurpose nfin^reas- ing the shipping and commerce, and conseqiiently the resonr* ces ofthenjpdrer counti'y. But «one of. thèse advantages can evér «e expected from your settlement. It yields ne» coinmodities for e.^portation.: Two onlyare to beattempted — onse mustfail ; the succe^ ((^f the othei isextreinelydoubt-^ fui ; nor is it of feufficienl ii^/ctaiice to expuSe respectable familles to misery, even if fte^pùld succi éd. It is impossible for (he Government to staod neuter upon this occasion when once properly informed; as tbete vrill not only be a great wuste-of valbàble lives m effecting the settlç- meiit, and infinité înisery, but, likewise, -a xrfy great luss of means, which might "bave been empluved totbe greatest advuntage. ' , 1. The proprietors expend - - 4 ;62O,00O ' As ihèy aie mostartfuUy selected from -^ différent parts of the l'nited Kingdom, . maiiy ijnay be induced tbrougb tbéir in- fluence to eniigrate. Suppose the number, if not checkéd, to be ^ » 090 families, p< issessing, each, £ 50, ;e5OO,0OO And ail this to establisb a colony of no use to Great Brituin. if successful ; but, on the cuntrary, increasing.tfae probable. 36 proboble, tbat very few.of fhis number will be found at tbe ead|uf seven yeani to tell tbeir taie of woe. Anindtan, for tbe most trifling ofTenre, may set fire 10 their harvests j and as tbe setilers or^upy favorite huiuing grounds, they çaniiqt always uvoid contention The luss o[ a single barv.est mustbë attended with the njnst dreadiul c<»n- sequeuces. Tliere are no settlements within reuch iVoni wbicb to pi^>rure provisions. Shouid, tl^refo e, surh » dis- aster bappén, tbe selliers would be forred tVgo lo t»ie gr.iss plains tQ,bunt the burfaloe for suJmistence. But jis the In- dians are very tenarioua of their nghts as snyereigns «>f ihc soi), ibcy would he compelled to hunt in greitt iiUnébers, leaving their belpless (aiinlies in ibe meantime exposed lor mniiy days ti» the in&ults and revenge of iben new i^neuiies. Slioulîl tbe surroundin^ Indian» berotne geiierally b(»stile, tbere is no escape from the Hed River, eveu for a^iopulmis çolony. Tbe navigation is so intricate, and attended w itli so many diffiruhies, tbat a tew resolute men c;ould stop aud de- stroy tbe greaiest dunibers. ' . Such is tbe lamentsAIe situation of your colony, my Lord, tbat even tbe frolic of a drunken Indian, insciiing fire to tlit harvest, inay prove its rùin ;— and it is noiorious, ibat ihe bayag^s, wben hungry, willkilloxen, cows, andsbeep, for a single meal, leaviiig tbe remainderof tbe carcase witbout regret, tvery perboo, tberefore. goingto this settlement, if a total loss to tbe ns^on, for whicb no compensation dJ rectlyorindiréctly is^eived. T Were tbe same number of famaies with the same means tfansported ^ïUe Canadas, wherethere is ample rOom and ^.i f !"!^ ^y '!î* *''"® ^*''** **>«> «'0"*d *>e »» murdered at tbe lied Kivei', tbey WOuld bave nearly doubled their hum- bersin Can^a ; bave brottgbt 400,000 ac.eè,under culUv- ation. and been able to furrtisb, in the course of ten venra, one million bUsbels of lyheat for éxpoitatton ; or siveral îrjH!râ-f*ï''''"'*'''**>'^°^ •""'*«' y'"^^* and boxYsprits, as ttie Bntish navy requires ; or soine bundred tons ot bempl Jor tbis arucle may be ràised wbenever mills and other fa- ^jjmes^re esf a bbsbf d, «nri t h e - popuUtioa^Hffieiemtj to render labour moderate. • ■■ # Ei2 The W: M. 80 vV The intéiferencr.of Government will very soon b« ncces- «ary, on ucntunt (if.the «niiuotiity wbiçb ulreadj exists in the country ngar tbe Red Biver, between ibe fu^ traders from Canada and ibctse fnim the Hudson's Bay. Thi» animnsity is extendihg t«» tbe fewsetilfis ihat bave aiready arrived/ and uniesij 8p«»^dily cherked. niust »oon produce melancboly c- ve^jts. Jbe s<>ltlerd being more imniediately connerted with *!'^ ^!i'^P'*^y 'V'™ llud8o,n'8 Ray, consider tbemaelves pai?- ties ^,%nioiiup(tly, and ihe opponents of the Canada mér- chants 'Ibis is naturul enough, ; but as it will engendei se^ rinus contentions in a place eo remote without the shadow of law orjdbtice, it ^q^ire» ihe^eetJy considération of bis Aîa-f jesty*» Government, _,^.--^\ \ A Dd now, my Lord, alltiw me to ask hoiw you could pio- ifiise so niany «dvantages to settlers on the Ked RiVer ? N^ nian leaves bis native country but wiib the view of bettering lus situation. The diffîcultieà are great wheh every effort is niade in favur of the eniigrants. They are particul irly exposed, from the very nature of th'eir emphiyment, to tbe diseases of the country in whicb they settle, by whicb many of those advanced in life are sure h» be eut off, and some of . the youdi gieaiiy debihtùted, Indeed so many discomforts, . disappointaJent8,.and puiuful recoUections, crowd up« q tliem, that noibingifss than the prospect of an indepcndehce, such as ,he never could obtuiu. in bis native land, can possibly sup. port him. But to speak to your settlers of sucb an independence would be to trifle with thçirmisery -^ Without any market for iheir produce— any security ot title— any expeciation of evei^becom'ing corafin-tabTe— déprived of the civil advanta- gt's possessed by ail be Brititb çolonies^of the protection of the laws— the consolation of religion, i|nd instruction to their children ; they bave nothing to compensate thèse sa- crifices ai.d privations but faUe proinisea, whicb they kno«r tbe moment after they arrive, càn never be realized ! ; Before concloding this letter, I would offer a very sbor^ ad- vice to those of my countrymen in;Great Britain and Ireland who are thinking of leaving tbeii native country for America. 4 M II 'ê ;^^. r soon b« ncces- idj exists in the fu^ traders from hifr animnsity is ly^ arriv^d/ aod ! melancholy c- cnnnerted with betnaclves paif- e Canada mér- vill engendei ser t the shudow of atioD of bis jySa-f vou rould pio- ed River ? Nft iew of bettering len every effort aie partir ulirly oyment, tu the by whicb many >Û\ and sonoe of my disromforts,. owd up; n them, pendehce, such an pusaibly sup* D independenre )Ut any market V ex pec talion of ê civil advanta- F the protection d instruction tp osute thèse sa* hich they knovr ealized! A very shor^ ad- tain and Ireland try for America. 'm 1.— 'T woald streouously advise tlinse who can live coni- forlably, to remaio wherethey are ; for the greatesuwircess will net be an équivalent for the miseries they niiist *uffer before Çhis succesa is realized Lven tben tl>e) will be dis- sati9tied, and they will lookback Wàh regret «n the coin- forts thcy bave left. - 2.-<^f woold «ven advisr such is are able to rub along and préservé tbetr independcnce, to remuin at home. ^'i~^**- '"*^^ *■ «^'^etermined to emigrnte, I présent, for.their inspection, the encouragement offered by (iovern- ment, should they corne tathe Crinirdas.rontrdsted with ihe conditions offeied by your Lordship to such asemig-aie to the Jved River. . . ^^*>- The British Govemmenf gives to those çmigraîits who Comè out uàder their protection to the Canadas, One ortwo hundred acres of excellent land-for nothine : Farmmgutensils— fornothing; ' ■ : Provis'ons for one year— for notbing ; ybey aie under the protection ol the laws, and enjoy ail . fhe privilèges ofBmishsubjecis ; They bave access to religions instruction, The means ofeducating tbeir cbildren,' ' Tbe best médical aid ; ' l • » They are m no danger from the Indians ; They hâve a goc;e«d to the Canadas,^ under the protection of the .Govetdinènt, and avoid land-j<)bbers as their greatest eneiniës. In tbiiee roltiiiies they will bave fewer difllirulties.to combat, and fairer pijospects to support . thcm ; und they will bave the pleasure of feelipjg that they .are still Britons. • , ^ Fivery tbing tbat is possible will be donè for théirilccom-i modation. But they must not be tf^o sangkiine : for àÂer é- xery tbins is done, they will require tbe èxèrtion ot the.most persevering' iridustry, and ùie (irmest rekc lution, td'reajiize their wishes, and tu support ibém under 1 he œany d'iili^ul- tiesi 4)|at canuot be >eniavé4* I ^^/ii; Had your Lor(Isbip' been less interestled in the colony on tbe Red Hiver, I sbould liot bave presumed to troùble'^a with thA letter ; but féelin^ as I do tbe gi^éàt wretcbei^sg wbich tbe settlers muât expérience, 1 hasién to give t^em an opportunitv of judging for thenàsëtvés. And, shall I not avow it> l hasten to coiïhtéract tbe influencé whicb your Lordsbîp bas 80 sfeilfully exerted in promoting tbis favè^M objtct — If any persons are su fooliah'afit to attend tûày^i^t- promises àfter réadîng the particulaiS tbat are new si^att^^' they will bave none to blâme but^thenoiselves for tbe mîisëi^^ they must suffèr on tbe Ked Hiver. :" ;'; : ;; :' * ; ' ;yram,'iy-;i[^d, i "^''-y- ' ■■••■,•' ;* Yoùr obediei it servant. JOttN STflACHÀN, 1 I *j ï»6ât$cidPT. -EF #y^^ tt>,c*,:^ fT'?^' . Tins letter b«d ^i|j^f||1i^e finished, nayLord, whcn llie news of the btéàkil^^fi^iïirjréttr settlement art-ived :— an event that appears to )i^« been accelerated by the quarrels ofyour agents with tKà Canada fiir-tnerchants : quarrels wluch proceeded eveh tnoVen hostilities, in which blwd I^s been spilt Thèse violent l^^oceedings are too serious to be passedover, and will tfonie under the cognizance of a court of jïistice ; I iherefore decliae the ietital of any of them hère. Havirighopartîculàrconcern with the rival copipânies, I hâve considered thecolony without any referehcé to eiihèr; and If it leally possess the advaiitages set forth in the Pios- pectus, the disaster that has happened wjU be transitory. Fiiidingsomeof tbesettlersat York, wliobad beenbroucht down by the north-wesi traders, Iwas anxioust<.obtain from them some account of the settlenient. I procured the fol- lowing d.»pument8, which I- subjuin without coniment. Tbeywillbe(ound strongly çorroboràtive of the remarks madé upon thé Prospectus. ' l.—Alfxandelr Matheion left Stromness abotat the l^thof Juuel8I3 on board thé Prince of Walcs, bound for ilùd- son s Bay. with a number of naen, wotnèn, ànd ehildren. Thev were well used duEM>g the pasèage. Juhn Lawseere, Over- «eer, died on J»^,^ which produced some difficuJty Aftcr aruvine at Church-hill FacUiry. they were placed in tents. Z l ut 7 '«•"•""«^ five weeks. 1 hey were theh «bhged to build logb(»U8e8 twelves mil^s from the Factory «f Cburîh- hill^because the clerks were afraid of sickn«s. and akvays kept the settlers some miles distant. In March they tra- vel ed from Churçh-h,ll to York Factory-the men diwing their provwiops m hand-sleigbs. 120/*,. at an ayerage, and v^th^^rr" *r*r"'?« « WPw-shoes-sleeping in the snow. kIL^" *'"'*"' ^î'~*>«'"aly able u. çut wood to makeiJ ' ' * , • ' froin . '('^' '"'i ilî m- ^ },:-. ■. ■■ ' :■■:'■ ..■; .. ■ ■ : ■■ ■-.■■■ . - '■■•■ * ■;..: )».».:■■..•.■>.- , ' '■-'>: ' * from snow-blîndJng. Before leaving Chiiroh-hrll t0 go to York l'actorj, ail were bled. Tbey had abundance of spi uce béer. Tbey were stopped five miles from \ ork Fac- tory and placed in tents. In May tbey tried to procéed to the Red Kiver. Tbey bad to tract tbe boats, eacb gètting four pAirot niogasines, wbich were eut walking upon tbe ice M one day ; afier tliia tbey tbey were forcçd to walk baving their feet hare ; tb^ ice in large bahks on eacb side of tbe ri- ver. Arrivedattbe RedRixtronthe-éfth^Jarté: After reraaining in tents se^^days, land was puinted oUt to eâch fainily, wlio bpgîh to build.-^Alexander Matbeson furtJier says, ibat at Çhurcb-bill tbey were tbreatened witb irons if Ht'tjîubiiMfisivejibeiï provisions, stftpped, and one of tbem struck .ivrfb astick. — 4lexahdej Matbeson says, tbât Lord Selkirk came round tbe country Mlp a reçiuitirig serjeaot, saying, I be place is e.xcellcut, the njbst excellent exceptone ;" inea- tiing beayen.— Arçbibald Maèlounell read Alex. Matbesoh's letters. Wben any complainedL tbey werè in^Ued, àndtold there was new law. Ail alon'A tbe quantity of provision, a pound of batraeal, and balf a^sirtridge, per day: at tbe fcettlenient, one pound of pimican was given, per day. A- lexander Matbeson, tbe daj before be left tbe settlement, asked for bis account of Arçbibald Macdonneïl, wbicb be proniised ; but said, Ibe "balance due was only L.p, ^ugh J expécted L ^l. Next morning be said, that as two bad a niind to go away, I migbt go, aiid be woùld keep wbat bè had.— Wben tbey coniplained of illégal àcts'and unfairtreat- ment, tbe agents said tbey migbt go and find law, tbere wag none tbere —In fine, nôt one article of tbe agreement was couiplied witb. (Signed). Àlexander Matheson. Joli Macpherton, parisb of Kildonan, GaylliaWe, depo- netborsayetb, Tbat be bad no contract witb Earl Selkiik, but came outto look attbe land, and to be joined tbe year following by bis motber and six cbildren, four lads and two guis. He was ordered to watch on bnard witb tbe «ailors. v'ii %**"'** ''** dtictor, or oveiseer, died : tben Archi- bajd Macdonneli became overseer. Proceeded to Cburcb- hill F actory, where tents were pitched for every twelve, and ' V, ^ , . . '. . asick ■•■:;..■■ -• ■ -%,., ■ ■ ■•■ ■: ■ ;• ^ 4V ATHES03r. a ùck-teiit for nine . perisonsi Their ththcï \vere left a^ Churtrb-bill and York Factory, with many oiber things, i which wer« prntnisedj to be éent up next year, but nevçr ' : came, ^nd are still thfere.— Me jiay» the land aist Iroui 5^, ■ !tol5s. peracre, accohiih^ to ils quality. Jobii Wacphèr- ison says, he bcgan Ço bUiid ; raade some potatoe groûnd • |witb h«»e8. Wben tb^yf got near the settlemeiit, yet on ^ake * pVimpie, Archibald Mdlcdondell said, ihey wereftDw neûr to ' Hhe settlement, but tliè Devil will get blind befure youget' [out of it.— John Macphereonsays, tlut Lord Selkirk promi- sed bis brother ail th^.igs that a farmer would want. Some Imen wereeniplpyed ff»r mcmtbs, but gotnowages, the clerks jandoverseersp.omisihijto put it in their acéoont», -but tbese Ijccounts were never iproduced. Ten guii-eas, tbe passage Ifor man, wonian, and child. Archibald Macdonnell threat- lened to send tbose, ib irons, to Church-bill, who lelused to pork on Sunday. ^ (Signed) Joïiir JftiKCPiiEasoif. ^I^»h ^'^^'^'^^^^-yindrew Maçbeath àni IFUliam ,^»» engaged wilhj Lord Selkirk at îitromness, abouche ^nof June 1813 iHisLordsh.ppronmed tben; 100 acres, irear and if not paid. to pay thè interest in Avheat.-Farm-' Ing utensiU wjje promised : hoes tvere sold at lOs.. «xesat KhL.^"rir K^^P" i^*'"*" *' 30»- Brougbt out g«,)d Hothing toChurch-bill. where it wasleft, and ntve: fortar- Wh^Ilfu^V w 'i'*"* **?*» '^'^' '» travelling from ^urch-hill tp YortFactoiy, in Warch 1814, he wa? thrice f„rÏ7hr*'*-'""*'*'f*'*"'"8out, and once on the, wuy. to y «f PK 'kP'S" ^P[r"^ bhndness. Theywere badly tZVarir**''^: *''>** P*»**^ halfrotten."^ Archi- bald Macdonnell wa« harsh and unkind. Thev were en .everei?ÎLt!hi. ï^^ 't*'î P"*"^''°"» *° *'"g'"«- ^any Mv S „. ^^^l ^^ *" **'"*g '*^"^ provisions, and «n^ little necessaries tbey could bring en sleighs. from i * Churçh-hill \ '4% Churcb^liilî ta York Vactoty. \ot prepaxei witk «loathi^ji; propcr for ibe çhmte, Wçre to|4 by Lord S«ïkiik p«Uo briog OUI i^owy, a«itw«aof dq u^«f l^ ^hi?,conn^iY tp wbicb they w«re gjuog ; yet whço they cam* t«$ Cburcb-kllU tbey cuuW g«^uo^hl«fi witbowç ïno^fy : g ppppd oir tobafcco, onç doljar. • LqrcI Srlkirk ba4 » »tor« qf giHKb, tq be giveq oi^t to settUr». as tbey were »«ppMe4 (o wanç ibem, b«t tbev never were ÇoH tbe price qf any tbipg. Aç the *{fd Rj^er thty vere fe4 «iM?n pimiçan apd ^Pb- Loft York FWtory ta the end of May^about twenty (|ay^ benireeii York IVtory aod Red Rivfiy. Tep guiwew pfti4 for ev?ry pesWn, rti^n, troman, and cbild -50 tbat % ma», witb a w.fe, «md/ |wo children, Lad tp pay fortv gqiivNw. A imit»ber of tbem d** ed at Cbarcb-bUI,^ Tbey bad nptbiiïfi but pimic^o, apd wrm» pMatoe^, aod Ac\,m\\y starvipg, »rflM gjadtag^t off, Wb*i> tbey 9pok« QÎ going awuy, %\i^y were tdd tbat H wm fawer to go to the moon.ihan to get awey ; that th» iiv«r would bs) gVitded wjtb Cjannon, t'»at none migbt etcape Theyvgot muskets, and were told that the strongest gave ihc Law oc the Red River, and that they hafl no business wiih the Law oî Canada.-—— — ' — -^^^ — ,. • .i.t - ;/, ;' y - .-i...y -— -:— ^^-: — Andïey M«çbe«> ud ne. cessants ftt Churçb-bill, under tbiepcojmise ofbavingtbem WWediately sept aCter ihem, wbwV*irj^ MVj^r d9D«, - ■■ ^ ■ ■ ■ , . ^ . -^^t . /. ■ ■ ' ■■ -. -, ', AtïXAîiOËii MATn«99ii> Ao^n^tït^r ttT^ l.09,P ■ ■■ .> ■■'' ■ &. . ■■■„ , ' •■■ It Mtoptractedand agceed be^^een tht Di^bt Monoùrabje THOitA«« ^Af^oTS^Li^iiiic, pp t^e^ne parj;, sypd Af-nx- ASDER Matue$on, of tbe pari?;! 0$ KiUbxwn, ^d Cmn- tyofSmberlund, onth»otbrp*rt; tb»t ih» «^ Alf^^aj» der RIatbejiMi s^aU p*oc«e4 iw ffiop aa direçted, to th» e*- ': tablwhmeftt of tbe said EarJ, near Hudson's B»y, «nd sbail there serve tbe said Evl, diligcpily and fai*bfoHy, in ibei station «j^Moted by bi,i% fironithe data jberç<»f, t»U tby»- ■■■•■■: '- -■■■-^" '. •■■'■ ■ ':*, ^'■l:/"'^'' *:-•■• ''-:,'"■'■:', "'■ '•• ; pirj«»i ;"^- plration oif one year afte» iiii arriva! àt tiie «#.*««««* t considération whereof, the said EaH Lé a„d ob^?*,. '"* Alexa.^er Watheson. «"Tfarther, r^pllhel^^^^ aoder Matheson, a^ j«8t and iBod«;ate oriT. «Wh u use ; aod aho je p«,vide a eonve ^l^ceT «hich fhe «^d AJexai4er Maihëson must go totbe lied Ki««r fr /*' the.eupoo/cea.etob^lîSranv^^^^^ 1"^ l'f and it .6 aUo agreed, that the saS Lfmïy 1 Ji jn"* *^''^î^ over the services of the said Ale^L^lil X' ^^' °'" '"^''^ ^ •r person; and in cale he shdl 1 t i''**''"'"" ^° «^y «th- soà'sBay Company the^WAT''* î*"^.."^" *° »''«"«'*- period. ander ail thVartiZT^ .1 "^ **', '«««"<*»'• of hi. îracts/ofwhkhacopTralLe^^^^^^^ der Matheson, «s XtiïriMîreîo ^ ^ '^^ '*^** '^^**'«- (Signée^ SSLK laïc. Alexandiîb 5lATiiEioir. Stromneut June 15M, igij. th« agreementeont^Sw 1^ „•' ",' J"'^'?^'» >«y étrange that ges menUoned^ialS! ^« ««"« ^J- X^ere is no w». the meau. of LtinVback t« r'^^ **' ?* ïamilieshad i««Huy wtre^ waammer, prisunert. PROSPECtUS 'ï::. ::!'.:■ iiil ■lé. ; FOR TU B RED RlVER SETTLEMENT. A track ofland, consistingi of s«irae milKons of, acres, çinâ^ in point oï soil «ànd rhinate, -inferior to none pf'equal éxtent ^ in Rritish America, is now to le dis^osed of ; and will be sold extremely cheap on àccbunt nf its situation, . which is. remote from tbe présent settleuiçntSé 1/ a track of tlie same extent and fertility were oifered for sale i^ I^wer Canada and' Nova Scotiai pqrchaser^ would be eager to obtain it at at^ hundred or perhaps two huncSred thousund guineas, atid at that l)hce would make ^n ample profit in tbe course- of, sbnie yeàr<, by retailiug it ià amall lots atanadvanced price to tCctual selliers. ,' v *- rhe latids in question, no waya différent in advànta^es, muy be purchased fur abmt £\0,COdi sterling. The title lias been subniitted to lawVejs of thé first éminencein Lon< don, and i? declàred to be ùnexcefîtionable': but the situa- tion is sucli, tbat tbe population Df^the older settlements can- notlje expected, in.tbe natural course of things, to spread iutu it for a longperiod of^me ;' and till tbat ti^eS place, thç^ disadvantage ofits refltfte situation must be an ins'u- ]>erable objection iii tbe ei'es of any unconnected iodividual, wbo is looking'oyt for lands to establish bis family. — Mence tbe prospect of tindmg seUlers to putchase the land in stnall lots is remoté, and on tnis accpunt the proprietora^ are wil- ling to partwiih it fôr^ iocousiderable a price. But the obstacles wbich to an unconnected adventurer may be jusi- ly deeinëd iusurmountable, may be overcome with care, by the conîbined efforts of many; and an adéquate sum of mo^ey judiciously expended in removing the first difllicultiQs of an infant settlemeut, may place the track ô! land in cir- cumstances at advantageous ttt t)ie proprietors as if it were in tbe imiMÉdiate vicinity of populous colonies. Tbe ex pence, Jjowever, would be too great for an indivi- dual; and it ia therefore proposed toform a joint stock com- ;--,-..-:> ;•- .:... .4- ■:•.■■...-: f"7 \' paoy, in jtwo huodfed sharÉsolF L. 100 each, so as to ralse a &um of Li ^0,000; of wbich a moiety to be «niployej in the puichase otthe latidsin question, tlie remainder iiiilinse^x- pences v^liich are necessary in briogirg la aettUrs, and tbcre- by rendmng the land valuable. * . ." 1 To th«e jçeitlers. land will be^disposed of, eitlier in the wayjuf sate, or Icase* in perpetùîiy, at the optinn of the Bot- tier, un tenns vvwy encouMging tohim, and at-tbe eame Unie ■^% abirndautly advitntagetjuâ to the proprietors. As there are serions objections agai/ist feceiving jnto the proposed settleinent any Americans, of the description of ihose wbo are likely to^oflcr iLemselves, the setllers n)U8t •be einigrants fnnn Europe ;tind the inost feasible plan seenis to be, that tbey sbould be selected from those parts of ibe United Kingdom whicb are inost overburdened witli/inha- bit^nts, via. the ilighlands of Scolland, and some parti of Ire- land. A sniall nuniber uf the emigrants who now go frorti thèse districts to the United States of Anaerica, would be Biore ihan sufficient f(»r the object in vicw.— Such a chan<;e •ftheir destination could injure no part'ofthfr Kingdôm, and'- would sa Ve to the Empire subjecls, who would otiierwisé be entirely lost to tbeir country. To facilitate an object thus equally^ advantageous tô the public and to the parties concerned, it is pioposed, that a préférence should be al- lowed to the subscribers who are personally connected with thèse districts of the kingdpm, âi-d whose local influence may beof service in promot'ng the desired change in destination of^those who are deternlined tu emigrate. the .rf The settlc^ect is ito be furihed in a territory where reli- gion is not «he ground of any civil disqualification : an un- reserved participation in every privilège will, therefore be opjoyed by the protestant and cathoUc, withou't distinction. And it ù pronosed, that in every parocbial division anallot* ment of land^a^all be niade, for the perpétuai «apport qf a clergyman of that persuasion which the, majority of the în- i habitants adhère to. "' * . As the lands in question possess important natural àd- Tantages over any vrhich how remain unoccupied in Nova Scotia "m * • 4è bcotia and the adjacent colonies, it cannât be deeme'd un- reasonaUle if ihe sctJeriin général, are charged for iheir lands utiUel>,we8tratet\vhuh ihey xVould ?ay in thèse yrovmces. On the othf hand. tH,/ wdl naiurally exp^ît "îï^r^*'' '"'"'"''■ r^' wiihoutincurring mwe expj^ce thao If they were lo setile in iliese inarii.me colonies The manager» of ihe conceén must therefore uiideruke to nrci- vide conveyance. at m.Jeraie rates, for the emigrant» who gooutuudertheir patruaage. The rate of .passage mo^eî paid on buard other s^ips bound to Anjefica; inay be ukeJ 5 e oricT,??"- , ^^'^' T''^'''^ '^''^'^ proponioned to the priées offreight and shippingat the time, no material upou the sea voyagé. loss can be f pprehendecj (t . ■ ... fromtV?!^"^'*" f ""^««"entis ati considera^e distance iromthe sea, an extra ixpence must he incurred for the in^ laud conveyance. which^ the emigrants cannot he èxpecU* t6 ï^^^fr •*'* %^u ^^^'^'Sed for land at the rate bf the ma- hr ni? ''• u^' "'»P«nce which^iUthusfallùponthe proprieturs may be estimated about L. 10 for each family of sti lers, ai an average. This, however, ^ill be am^Iy re^ iuiî>ur;,ed on the priée of Iheir land J-!^ ^^^ _ heloxvestpriceoflLndinthe maritime colonies, whe« sod to aeluJ sett ers,tnd possessing a«y tolerable adTan- tag,s of situation, isat the rate of lûs^jer acre,-if sold ; or"f Wdforaperpetuity Is par anoum. Every family iif setilers raty be expecled to take ùpat least lOOacrX '^f Ijey areHllowed some LcçommodatiSfor the payment^and 1 00 acres, ut the abo veTrate, wiU amoun^to L. io, leavfn ï a uet advantage of lW after ^reimbursiou the chaS «"f bringingin the settler.f Ifhe shouM prefe^Lslg M?^ï M,.li in two years repai the charges, and wilKU X ward3a3acIearincoin|to thep^rietoré. \'^^'*'^'^: As the ihland situation of the settlement wi« preilude the settler ffonisome of t^e sources oi profit wh ch aîi eniov ^d in. runtime situatiohs, it hecomes nécesw^^ totrovX aubstuutes The cult(vation of hemp is pecSly Elt - V -r - favnnrite Jiefitrroro the publie e^copragerperit wb.ch i» be^^ m for ^ J^ growtb uf fine wool, .fii artide^o x^uJu tZlivJl >wo«l. fi..^dry gWH l»od.muç|,^âf il capable for i„,mèS« rsadd^tbatora goo^bre^i 'of ï;^"^^ in paying tbe pnce .Jf rent of iheir lands. V^be fleec.s oJ ten or twelve.heep «,11 pay tberentof 100 aè es! andwith he ir«.ry «co„r.gem.o. to . few otWfe.'.hoX "toit; .-"gh «. pay «.«eh âht: entorÔt"^ or twelvev^irs ^Ki.- r • "="«-"r purcnase-money, itu ^ /''• \. ;i 48 )>roprietor«. After tbat period, tlie return may le expected to imrrease rapiiily, and will toon form an ample indemnifi* cation to the subscribers, for ibe Inss o| interest on their mo- rey in tbe niéantime. The amount to whicb tbe profita mnf arise, seems almbst t«> baffle imagination : npon auy princi« fie ofcalculation whicb can reasonably beadopted, the te- ault cornes out ad extraordinarily great« tbat it might appear like exaggeration to state it. Kut the différence between baying laiid at lAiféttd. per acre, and selling it at 8s. or t. 10s. is very palpable, and does ntft seem to require mu|ch comment. Tbe spéculation may not suit tliose «ho require an immédiate inoome; but for any one who is desirout of providing beforehaod for a yunng family, sucb an oppurttt> flity seldom occars. ilt^ 1 . ^h ^ m t ■ I < yft Gkay, Ftïalbrf Mmtrcal, ■-l',JW"T-"' ( r !