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 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
By His Majefty's Command, 
 
 /.a^^/:^^^/&^> ^^^ 
 
 Adjutant GtntraVs 0£ict, 
 April 20 1 i;9». 
 
 ( 
 
 /-, 
 
 If* 
 
 MANUAL 
 
 AND 
 
 PLATOON EXERCISES. 
 
 W A R - O F F I C E : 
 
 PUVTID ANB lOLD BY J, WALTER, AT HoMI«'» H«A», 
 
 Charing-Choss. 
 HALIFAX: 
 
 RS.TRINTIO BT )oHN HoWE, CoKFER OF CkO««» AH» 
 
 BABBINCTON-STRItTS. 
 
 " I 
 
AS 
 
 3Cb -3 
 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 HIS Majefty having thought proper, to *ake 
 into His Royal Confidcration, the modes 
 in which the Manual znd Plai on Exercifes arc 
 at prefent performed by his Troops ; — and it ap- 
 pearing to His Majcfty, that fomc alterations 
 rnight be made in both, which would be produc- 
 tive of great utility, and advantage to His Ser- 
 vice i — particularly, by reducing theunneccffary 
 length of the former ; — His Majefty is therefore 
 plcafed, hereby to recall, and cancel His former 
 Regulations, refpeding the Manual and Platoon 
 Exenifesy and to order that, in their ftead, the 
 following (hall be adopted, and invariably prac- 
 tifcd in future, by His whole Army. 
 
 EY HIS MAJF-TY's COMMAND, 
 
 WILLIAM FAWCETT, 
 Adjutant General. 
 
 Adjutant General' t Ojlctt 
 April 20, 1792. 
 
 1 
 
 '■ 
 
 ^ 
 
 cA^^) 
 
 #• 
 
THE 
 
 MANUAL AND PLATOON EXERCISE. 
 
 Pofition of the Soldier undtr ^rms. 
 
 rr^HE equal fquarenefs of the (boulders, and 
 S J^ body, to the front, is the firft, and great 
 
 principle of the pofition of the foldier :— The 
 heels muft be in a line, and clofed : — The knees 
 ftraight, without ftifFnefs : — The toes turned 
 out, fo that the feet may form an angle of about 
 60 degrees : — Tht arms hang near the body, 
 but not ftiff J the fiat of the hand, and little fin- 
 ger, touching the thigh, and the thumbs as far 
 baclf. as the feams of the breeches : — The elbows 
 and flioulders are to be kept back : — The belly 
 rather drawn in ; and the bread advanced, but 
 without conftraint : — The body to be upright, 
 but inclining rather forwards, fo that the weight 
 of it may bear chiefly on the fore part of the feet : 
 — The head to be ere6l ; and neither turned to 
 the right, nor to the left j the eyes alone will be 
 glanced to the right. 
 
 The body of the foldier being in this pofition, 
 the firelock is to be placed in his lefi hand, a- 
 gainft the (boulder ; his wrift to be a littli turned 
 out ; the thumb alone to appear in front ; the 
 four fingers to be under the butt ; and the left 
 elbow to be rather ? nt inwards, fo as not to be 
 
 A a feparated 
 
[ 4 J 
 
 feparateJ from the body, or to be more backward 
 or forward than the right one : — The fire!oclc 
 muft rett full on the hand, not on the end of the 
 fiiJi^ers ; and be carried in fuch manner, as not 
 to raiie, advance, or keep back one fnouldcr more 
 than the other ; the butt muft therefore be for- 
 ward, and iS low is can be pf?rmitted without 
 ronftraint ; the fore part a very little bef->re the 
 front of the tingh j and the hinJ part of ir prefTcd 
 by the w:iO againit the thijh - h muft be kept 
 (leady, and firm, before the hollow of the fhoul- 
 der ; ihouKl it be drawn back or carried too high, 
 the one (houider wcuM be advanced, the other 
 kept back, and the upper part of the body would 
 be di Ported, and not fquare with rnfped to the 
 limbs. 
 
 MANUAL EXERCISE. 
 
 WoH.of EXPLAKATION. 
 
 Bring the firelock to the trail in 2 motions as 
 iji. QrifT ufual, feixing it at the ift at ihe lower loop, juft 
 «-»*- above the fwell j at the ad, bring it down to the 
 3 Siithmx. right fide, the butt within two i :hes of the 
 ground \ at the 3J, drop the butt on the ground, 
 placing the muzzle againft the hollow of the right 
 ihoulder, and the hand flat upon the fling. 
 s^. Wht At the wordy fix, place the thumb of the right 
 ity>tuts. hand, as quick as poiBble, behind the barrel, ta- 
 king a gripe of the firelock j as foon as the word 
 of command is fully our, pulh the firelock a lit- 
 tle forward, at the fume time drawing out the 
 bdy()net u'ith the left hand, and fixing it with the 
 utmolt celerity : — The inltant this is done, re- 
 turn 
 
[ 5 1 
 
 ;' 
 
 i 
 
 tiir w irii 
 
 3 Mjtuni. 
 
 turn, as quick as pofllblf, to the order, as abov? 
 dcfcnbed, and ibnd pcrfedtiy OeaJy. 
 
 As faon as the word JhouUfr is given, take a v/. -^ '■";••' 
 gripe of the firelock with the right hand, as in fix- 
 ing bayonets, and at the laft word, arrn^, the fire- 
 lock muft be thrown v/ith the right hand in one 
 motion, and with as little' appearance of effort, 
 as poflible, into its proper poriti(Mi on the left 
 fhoulder ; — the hand crolles the b^ in io do- 
 ing, but muft inftant'.y be withdrawi'. 
 
 lit. Seize the firelock with the right hand, ^r'. Pre 
 under the guaid, turning the h'ck to the front, z'^'" 
 but without moving it from the fhoulder. 
 
 2d. Bring it to the poize^ feizing it with the 
 left hand, the fingers extended along the lling, 
 the wrift upon the guard, and the point of tnc 
 left rhumb of equal height with the eyes. 
 
 3d. Bring down the firelock with a quick mo- 
 tion, as low as the right hand will admit without 
 conftraint, drawing back the right foot at the 
 fame irjflant, fo that the hollow of it may touch 
 (he left heel. — The firelock in this pofition is to 
 be tota'ly fupported in the left hnnd ; — the body 
 to reft entirely on the k'ft foot ; — both knees to 
 be ftraighr. 
 
 ilh By a turn of the right wrid, bring the ^.^ 
 firelock to its proper pofition on the fhoulder as j^' 
 defcribed above, the left hand grafptng the butt : ^ ^^f , ,^j^ 
 — 2d. Quit the right hand, brii^.ging it briikly 
 down to its place by the fide. 
 
 I ft. At one motion throw the firelock from r.-/. 
 the fhoulder acrofs the body, to a low diagonal Ci^i^e 
 recover, a pofition known in many regiirents hy ''>''""'' 
 the name of porting arms^ or preparing for ibez j^.itUns, 
 charge^ in which the lock is to be turned to the 
 front, and at the height of the breaft ; the muz- 
 zle fianting upwards, fo that the barrel may crofs 
 
 A 3 onpofite 
 
 
[ 6 ] 
 
 oppofue the point of the lek ftiouldcr, with the 
 butt prcportionally deprefTed : the right hand 
 uralps tnc linall of the butt, and the left holds 
 the piece at the Iwcll, ciofe to the lower oipc, 
 the ihuiiibi. of both hands pointing towards the 
 niu/zlc. 
 
 2d. Make a half face to the right, and bring 
 down the firelock to nearly a horizontal pohti- 
 on, with the muzzle inclining a little upwards, 
 and the right wrilt reftin;: againit the hollow of 
 the thigh, juft below the nip. 
 
 N. B. The full motion of the charge is the 
 pclition which the foldier will, either from the 
 lliouldcr, or after firing, take, in order to ad- 
 vance on an enemy, whom it is intended to at- 
 tack with fixed bayonets ; and the word of com- 
 mand for that purpofe is, ^'■prepare to charge.'* 
 'Ihe fecond nohrion of the charge is that which 
 the front rank takes, when arrived at a few yards 
 diflance only from the body to be attacked. The 
 firft motion of the r/jar^^- is alfo that which fentries 
 are to take, when challenging any perfons who 
 approach their polls. 
 
 I. Face to the front, and throw up the piece 
 into its pohtion on the ihoulder, by a turn of the 
 
 2 MM.r.i. right wrili, inftantly grafping the butt, as above 
 delcribed, with the left hand. 
 
 II. Quit the firelock briflcly with the right 
 hand, bringing it to its proper place by the fide. 
 
 The men muft be taught likewife to fupport 
 arms at three motions, throwing the ftrlt and fe- 
 cond nearly into one ; at the firft motion, they 
 feize the fmall of the butt under the lock with 
 the right hand, bringing the butt in front of the 
 groin, and keeping the locic fomewhat turned 
 out : at the fecond they bring the left arm un- 
 der the coc.: : at the third they quit the right 
 
 hand 
 
 Si OUI- 
 
 Mir a' Ml. 
 
 
[ 7 3 
 
 hand. In tarryins; arms from the fuppart^ the 
 motions are exaiitly reverfed. 
 
 In marching any diftancc, or in (landing at 
 cafe, when fupported^ the men arc alloweJ to 
 bring their rignt iiaiid acrols the body, to the 
 fniall of the butt, which Lttcr mult, in that i .ile, 
 be thrown ftill more forward ; the fingers ot the 
 left hand being uppermod, mult be placed be- 
 tween the body, and the right elbow : the right 
 hands are to be intUntly removed, when thedi- 
 viiion hulti^ or is ordered to dreli by the right . 
 
 The motions in the manual cxercife will, in 7,«,, 
 future, be pcrforined (lower thar. heretofore, 
 leaving three feconds between each motion, ex- 
 cept that of. fixing bayonet Sy in which a longer 
 time mult be givw.i. 
 
 The manual is not to be executed by one 
 word, or fignal, but each feparate word of coin- 
 mafid is to be given by the officer who com- 
 mands the body performing it. 
 
 In regard to the motions oifecuring^ groundings 
 and trailing^ as well as thofe oi pilings &c. it will 
 be lufficient for the foldiers to be taught to per- 
 form them inthemoft convenient, and quiclcelt 
 method. Returning bayonets is to be done from 
 the order^ in the fame manner as y?;r/«^ them. 
 
 The manualy and platoon exercijt, will no lon- 
 ger make a regular part of a review, but will on- 
 ly be gone through, when particularly called (or 
 by the reviewing General. 
 
 The platoon exercife is always to be done with 
 ranks clofed, except at the drill. 
 
 Sentries pofted with (houldered arms, are per- SennUt, 
 mitted afterwards to Jupport, but not to (lope 
 them. — On the approach of an officer, they im- 
 mediately carry their arms ; and put themfelves 
 into their proper podtion, which is not to be done 
 
 at 
 
Cf^- J' j/i. 
 
 f « J 
 
 .It the loff.int he p:!flrr,, but I,y the li.nc he ii 
 within twenty y.rJs of their polf, fu that they 
 n>ay be perfectly Qcady, before he comes up. 
 
 Corporals marching vvich reliefs, or command- 
 ing detachments, or diviiions, will carry their 
 arms advanciJ, as at prcfent ; for which purpofe 
 a foJdicr when promoted to that rank, mult be 
 taught thepofition oi advanced arms. 
 
 PLATOON EXERCISE. 
 
 'V , 
 
 Explar.aticn of the feveral Motions^ as tawht at 
 
 the drill. 
 
 EXPLANATIOV. 
 
 W'ordi of 
 
 ccmmand. 
 
 If:. Mak, AS ufual, bringing the firelock to the recovtr 
 
 '-"6- and inflantly cocking. * 
 
 ifl. Slip the left hand along the lling as far as 
 
 the fwell of the firelock, and bring the piece 
 
 zJ. Pr,/«,aown to the prrfent^ ^cpping back about fix 
 
 inches to the rear with the right foot. 
 
 After firing drop the firelock briflcly to the 
 y< Ftre. priming pofition. 
 2d. Half cock. 
 T/ ^!Z' ^^' ^"^^^ '''*^ cartridge from the pojch. 
 r.a^t. ' ^'^^ ^ring it to the mouth, holding it between 
 the fore-finger and thumb, and bite°ofT" the ton 
 of it. ' 
 
 5'*' Prmc, if}. Shake feme powder into the pan. 
 
 2d. Shut the pan with the three l.^it fingers. 
 3d. Seize the fmall of the butt with the above 
 three fingers. 
 
 td. Lead. . ift. Face to the left on both heels, fo that the 
 right toe may point direaiy to the front, and the 
 
 body 
 
 
[ 9 ] 
 
 body be a very little faced to the left, bringing 
 at the fame time the lirclock. rou:!d to :hj left 
 fide without finking it. It Ihc.uld in ihi^ mo- 
 mentary pofition, be almoft perpendicular (hi- 
 ving the muzzle only a Imall degree brought for- 
 ward), :\nd A% foon as it is Iteady there, it mull 
 inltantly be forced down within 2 inches of tlis 
 ground, the butt near!/ oppofite the left heel, 
 and the firelock, itfclf foincwhat doped, and di- 
 retitly to the f.ont ; the right hand at the dme 
 inflant catches tiic muzzle, in order to llca- 
 dy it. 
 
 2d. Shake the powder into the barrel, putting 
 in after it the p.^per and bail. 
 
 ji. Seize the top of the ramrod, with the 
 forefinger a..d thumb. 
 
 lit. Force the ramrod half out, anc' fcize itT'^- ©'^w 
 backhanded exadly in the middle. remruit. 
 
 2d. D.aw it entirely out, and turning it with 
 the whole hand and arm e-^.rended from you, put 
 it one inch into the barrel. 
 
 I ft. Pulh the ramrod down, holding it as be-^-** 
 foreexaaiy in the middle, 'till the hand touches''?'*"' '""'- 
 the muzzle. 
 
 2d. Slip the fore finger and thumb to the up- 
 per end, without letting the ramrod fall further 
 into the barrel. 
 
 3d. Pulh the cartridge well down to the bot- 
 tom. 
 
 4th. Striice it two very quicic ftrokes with the 
 ramrod. 
 
 I ft. Draw the ramrod half out, catching it^^^, u,, 
 backhanded. /Nm ram. 
 
 2d. Draw it entirely out, turning it very'*'^** 
 brifkly from you with the arm extended, p.ndput 
 it into ihe loops, forcing it as quick as poffibi j to 
 the bottom i then face to the proper front, the 
 
 finger 
 
ICtb. 
 
 iioulder 
 arms. 
 
 [ 10 ] 
 
 finger and thumb of the right hand holding the 
 ramrod, as in the pofition immediately previous 
 to drawing it, and the butt raifed two inches 
 from the ground. 
 
 Strike the top c^ the muzzle fmartly with th» 
 right hand, in order to fix the bayonet, and ram- 
 rod, more firmly^ and at the fame time throw it 
 nimbly up, at one motion, to the (houlder. 
 
 N. B. Though the butts are not to come to 
 the ground in carting about, as accidents may 
 happen from it, yet they are permitted, while 
 loading, to be fo rcfted j but it muft be done 
 without noife, and in a manner imperceptible in 
 the front. 
 
 Words of 
 caromand. 
 
 Explanation of priming 
 
 qyicK. 
 
 AND LOADING 
 
 Prime 
 had. 
 
 Priming 
 f'Jititn, 
 
 III. Bring the firelock down in one briflc mo- 
 tion to the priming pofition, the thumb of the 
 ^^jright hand placed againft the pan cover, or ftcel ; 
 the fingers clenched; and t^e elbow a little turned 
 out, fo that the wrift may te clear of the cock. 
 
 2d. Open the pan, by throwing up the ftcel, 
 with a ftrong motion of the right arm, turning 
 the elbow in, and keeping the firelock fteady in 
 the left hand. 
 
 3d. Bring your hand round to the pouch, and 
 draw out the cartridge. 
 
 Thr reft as above defcribed, excepting that, 
 in the quick loading, all the motions are to be 
 done with as mucn difpatch as pofllble ; thefol- 
 diers taking their time, from the flugel nian in 
 front, for cajiing evrr, and Jhouldering only. 
 
 In firing three deep, the priming pofition for 
 the front rank is the height of the waiftband of 
 
 the 
 
L 
 
 ] 
 
 center ran!:, about the 
 
 the brreches : for the 
 middle of the flomach : and for the rear rank, 
 clofc to the breaft : the firelock, in all thcfe po- 
 j fitions, is to be kept pcrfei5>ly horizontal. 
 
 Explanation of the position or each 
 
 RANK IN THE FIRINGS. 
 
 Front rank, kntelin^r. 
 
 Bring the firelock brifkl 7 up, io ihc recover, Make 
 catching it in the left hand ; and, without ftop-''"'6'« 
 A ping, fink down with a quick motion upon the 
 ■ right knee, keeping the left foot faft, the butt 
 * end of the firelock, at the fame moment falling 
 1 upon the ground ; then cock, and inftantly feize 
 i the cock and fteel together in the right hand, 
 ^ holding the piece firm in the left, about the mid- 
 ^ die of that part which is between the lock and 
 /^ the fwcU of the ftock : the point of the left 
 thumb, to be clofe to the fwcll and pointing up- 
 wards. 
 
 As the body is finking, the right knee is to 
 be thrown fo far back, that the left leg may be 
 right up and down, the right foot a little turned 
 , out, the body ftraight, and the head as much up, 
 i?s if Ihouldered \ the firelock mud be upright, 
 I and the butt about four inches to the right of the 
 |inf;ue of the left foot. 
 
 '% Bring the firelock down firmly to the prefent, Prejent. 
 
 Iby Aiding the left hand, to the full extent of the 
 
 ^rm, along the fling, without letting the motion 
 
 kell \ — the right hand at the fame time fpringing 
 
 |p the butt by the cock fo high againft the right 
 
 loulder, that the head may not be too much 
 
 >wercd in taking aim ; the right cheek to be 
 
 
Fin. 
 
 [ 12 J 
 
 elofc to the butt ; the left eye (hut, and the mid- 
 dle fin-rer of the right hand on the trigger, look 
 «lon-*'the barrel with the right eye ffom the 
 breech pin to t! e muzzle, and remain fteady. 
 
 Pull the trigger ftrongwith the middle hnger, 
 and as loon as tired, fprii^g up nimbly upon the 
 left ie^', keeping the bodyered and the left foot 
 fal^, aSd bringing the right heel to the hollow or 
 the left ; at the lame inftant drop the firelock to 
 the priming pofition the height of the w;xiftband 
 of the breeches J half cock; handle cartrtdge.^nd 
 go on with the loading motion?, as beiore de- 
 icribed. 
 
 Uakt 
 'tidy. 
 
 Frifent. 
 Fire. 
 
 Center Rank, 
 
 Spring the firelock briOtly to the recover ; as 
 foon as The left hand feizcs the firelock above the 
 lock, raife the right elbow a little, placing the 
 thumb of that hand upon the cock, with the hn- 
 cers open on the plat; of the lock, and then, as 
 quick as poffible, cock the piece, by dropping 
 ?nc elbow, and forcing down the cock with the 
 thumb, ftep at the fame time with the right foot 
 a moderate pace to the right, and keeping the left 
 faft, feize the fmaU of the butt, with the right 
 hand : The piece muft be held in this pofition 
 perpendicular, and oppolke the left hde of the 
 face, the butt clofe to the breal^ but not prefied, 
 the body ftraight, and full to the front, and the 
 
 head ereft. . . /■ u r ^♦. 
 
 As in the foregoing explanation for the front 
 
 ""puU the trigger flrong with the triddle finger, 
 and, as foon as fired, bring the firelock to the 
 orirr.ing pofition, about the hc-ght of the Ito- 
 
I 
 
 r '3 ] 
 
 mach ; the reft, as In explanation of i>n;n,n^ :ind 
 /caui?,g^wah this dirfcrericc- only, that the lelt 
 loot IS to bs dr^i^n u, to the right, at the f^.^ie 
 tine that the firelocic is brought down to the 
 priming pofiiion ; and that, immejiatcly after 
 . ic hrelock IS thrown up to the Ihouldcr, the men 
 jpnng to the left again, and cover their tils 
 leaders. 
 
 I 
 
 jRear Rank, 
 
 Recover and cocic, as before direa-'d for the ^'.,ie 
 centre rank, and as the hrelock -^ brought to the ''""■>- 
 recover, (tep brifkly to the ri-ht a iuh .,acc, at 
 the fame time placing the left hed about fix 
 
 inches before the point of the rieht foot The 
 
 body to be kept iLraight, and Is {qua. e to the 
 tio'.t a-^ pofliblc. 
 
 As in explanation for the center rank. P/ r^*r. 
 
 As in explanation for the center rank, remem- f,,' 
 bering only the difference of the primin- podti- * 
 on for this rank, as befor. defcribed ; alte^r firin-. 
 and fhouldeiing, the men ftep, as the center 
 rank does. 
 
 Ii> hri.Mg with the front rank /Jamiin-, that 
 rank maivcs readv, &c. a^ fpecihed iiv the^irticlc 
 relative to \.hc platoon exerLij'e. 
 
 ^ N. E. Iti giving words of command, asmlloT^i 
 ,.n as cut of the ranks, oinccrs arc to itand p.r- " ' 
 ^r.rtjy licady,and in their proper poiuion ; their 
 |lw<)r.'. hid firmiy in the full vt the ri^ht hand, 
 |V\nl. tue u|.per part ofthc blade rel!i,° a-ainlt 
 fne ihouKlcr, thenght VMid .^ainil ihc hii^ and 
 
 c clbuw <ii4wa btck. 
 k B r .-.._ 
 
 — ** ^ i.- i.-: ■ 
 

 F: hg ty PUtoont. 
 
 nominee the words io,? '/''• "" '" P'o- 
 
 left towa.asihc-ir men- t1 • u '' '^" '° 'he 
 ff i>- »e.d, „■„ Zj^a^^^^y <^"e ,!and per. 
 
 when ,hcy ftep bick a»lin '^ , I •''" ^""""i 
 '"val, ,„ „ ',,, fre^7„ ""■i'j'.r proper i„.' 
 
 fc^s fired, ,he ri^hf hand nan'ofif r" ^ '''^"'<>" 
 l«ce, ,„ f.„nt „f ,h^ offic r L. ft-n?' '"" ""^ 
 
 -^.a„di.,e,„t?h7rc:a;-'t]::;:' 
 
 I 
 
 » 
 
:^ 
 
 i 
 
 Words, I 
 '« pro- I 
 
 le offi, I 
 e pace, | 
 to the I 
 i per- I 
 enetal^ \ 
 >er in- 
 viTion 
 It one 
 >g his 
 yiing 
 bacic 
 
 AND REGULATIONS 
 
 FOR THB 
 
 offi- 
 urth 
 ant. 
 
 'ORMATTONS. FIELD ETERCISE 
 A»i> MOVEMENTS, 
 
 or 
 
 «iS MAJESTY'S FORCES. 
 
 i 
 
J'j: iant Central' i OJ.ct^ 
 j^f>ril 20, 1792. 
 
 HIS Majesty trnnkiiig it liighlyexpedicnf, 
 and iiLCcliary, for the benefit of his fer- 
 Vite ai laroc, that one ujjifonn fyftem of field- 
 txc.tifc^ and movement, founded on juit, and 
 tru- piinciples, fliould be cihblifhcd, and in- 
 variahly pi-actifed througliout his whole army, is 
 therefore pleafeJ to dire^, that the rules, and 
 regulations, approved of by his Majesty, for 
 t;;is i-nportantpurpofe, and now publiihcd here- 
 with, fhall be ftridly followed and adhered to, 
 without any deviation whatfoever therefrom : 
 And fuch orders before given, as may be found 
 to i:)terfere with, or counteradl, their cfFcit and 
 operation, are to be confidered as hereby can- 
 C( IL-d, and annulled. It is his Majesty's far- 
 tt.fr pleafure, that the General Offictrsappointed 
 to review his troops, fhall be inflruded to pay 
 jjiuticular attention to the performance of tvcry 
 part of tht-fe Regulations, and to report thtir ob- 
 Jcrvations thereupon, for his Majesty's infor- 
 litation, fo that the exa(ft uniformity required in 
 all movements may be attained and prefcrvet', 
 »'ul hisKoyal intentions thereby carried into full 
 
 By Ills Mi^jHSTY's Command, 
 
 WILLIAM FAVVCETT, 
 
 ADJUTANT GKNERAJ.. 
 
sts 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 T 
 
 HE grra« objcflin view from thefe rrgu- 
 _^ lations, is to eliablifh one (^entral and jull 
 fyitcrm of movement, which direiiting and gt>. 
 verning the operations of great, as well as of 
 f.nall bodies of tro;>ps, is to ^e rigidly conforned 
 to, and praciifed by every regiment in his Ma- 
 jesty's fervice. — The important purpofes of 
 this fyftem are to reconcile celerity with order i 
 — to prevent hurry, which mu(i always produce 
 confujion, lofs of time, unfteadincfs, irrefol 
 
 tion, inattention to c 
 
 onimand, &c. — to cnl 
 
 precifion and correanef^ by which alorf> o- 
 
 U- 
 
 "ure 
 
 bodi 
 
 es will bj able to arrive at th 
 
 good order, and la the Ihf.rve.t fpace of 
 to inculcate and enforce the hidOenrjbl 
 
 rea! 
 
 e»r object m 
 
 tune 
 
 . e necc-i- 
 
 Itty of jrilitary dependance, and of mi.tual etFi/rr, 
 and fupport, in adion, whch are the i^reat en Is 
 of discipline; — to ij-ni-lify the execution, and to 
 abridge the variety of movements, a% mucli as 
 poiiible, by adopimg fuch only as are necclliry 
 for combined exeriio is in corps, and tiiat can 
 be required, or applied in fervice, rf^gardiiij all 
 matters ot parade, and ilit)w, me-e!v a-, (eeo i- 
 dary objects i—t) aker'ai.i to a!i ranc,, i.u- p.nt 
 each will have to aO'f, in every ciiunue of ilii.- 
 tion that can happen, fo ihut explaa.:t...,» 
 may not retard, ..t a mo.iient wnen execu- 
 tion fti.^uld take pla.e ; to en.*h!;; the 
 
 comnandmg o.ti -or of .my b..d/ of r-.^.-^^^s 
 Whether ijreat or Imall, c. retain .no vv n. le ,',-'- 
 
 ^ .i i.Uv'.'.vvIv 
 
f iv J 
 
 htWch .IS it were, in his hand and rr.anagement, 
 
 ;'t every mftant ; f, a, t., be capable ofrcitrain' 
 
 V'g» at ajl times, the bad ejects of fjch idea, of 
 
 ir de-pendent and individual exertion, as are vi- 
 
 r.OMJryand hu.tfuli and of direaing them to 
 
 their true and proper obje^s ;_thofc of order. 
 
 M combined eff ,t, and of regulated obedience! 
 
 by tnc u.uu-d T.rcc of all wnicn, a well difci- 
 
 1 ii'ied enemy can only be defeated. 
 
 loatt.inth ie e/Fential ends, no extraordi- 
 nary alterations will be required; nor any thing 
 archer enjmied than a Hna obfervanc^ of the 
 nyules hereafter laid down, and a derel.aior. 
 of l..cn praitices as wou'd counteradt them. 
 
 J hcfe rules will be found few, fimple, and 
 
 adapted toth.underttanding, and comprehcnfion, 
 o. ev.ry .nd.vidual ; but tucy wil! require per- 
 fea attention .n all ranks :-,(n the foldier, an 
 equal andcadenced marcn, acquired and confirm- 
 cd by habit, independent of mufic, or found : 
 — Jntheoihcer prec.fton, and energy of com- 
 mand ; the prefervation of juft diftanres j and 
 t.e accurate leading of divif.ons, on given points 
 
 ce.'"^''^;K'"^ ^r'^''°" =-Tnefe?ircum^itan. 
 ces together with tne united exertions of all, 
 
 wl chrro"7"'.^''^r''^'°" ^^ movement 
 which ,3 fo ellent.ai, and without which, valouJ 
 alone wih not avail. 
 
 Theft 
 
r V J 
 
 HART r. 
 
 Of the Drills or UjiruSln^^fthe R.^crult. 
 
 The feveral articles of irrlru^tf 
 oSreffion, anJ ..unner i 
 «-u«iht, are there deuiJcd. 
 
 t^,. .k, , ^' "» wnicn tne^ ^rc tu be 
 
 PART ir. 
 
 fr« chere detaiJed. *"^ *" b-^tuiion. 
 
 r 
 
 Formation of the Company, 
 Of the Battaiion, 
 
 
 MRT 
 
[ vi 1 
 
 PART FIRST. 
 INSTRUCTION OF THE RECRUIT, 
 
 n 
 
 M 
 
 JVUhout Arms* 
 
 .5 5; 
 
 I Pofiti'^n of the foUier 
 ^iStanaing ^t eafe 
 oiLyt-S to the ri^ht 
 ^i r'he Facings - 
 Volition in marching 
 
 b'Ordindry ftcp 
 7J : he Halt 
 3 Oblique ftep 
 
 "^iDicliing when halted 
 
 lOjSiepV'ing ' ut - 
 ii>larktiuic 
 12 Sttpping Ihort 
 
 ItThehdetorclohngftep 
 
 ,5 Back Itep 
 ilbi'lhc quick Uep 
 
 Page*. 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 ib. 
 
 - 5 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 ib. 
 
 8 
 
 9 
 II 
 
 ib. 
 
 12 
 
 ib, 
 ib 
 
 ij 
 1^ 
 
 18 Fa> 
 
t 
 
 Vil 
 
 J 
 
 c ^*|'8 Fife marching: - . _ ^ 
 
 ■;7y= |I9 vV'neciirio; ot"a fipirle rank InZv '• ' 
 •5^1 I «ron toe hale ^ ' ' ordinary i.me, 
 
 VVhcH.ng of a hn^;). r.nk on a movc.ble^ 
 
 29 
 
 vo 2 
 
 f^th jirms. 
 
 23 Pofition of the foldier 
 
 H Different motions o f the firelock 
 
 25;Attentlon in fo.nin? the fquid 
 *o Upew order _ . 
 
 Clofe order - . " " 
 
 Manual cxercife 
 . Platoon cxercife 
 3^1 Firings . . " " 
 
 31 Marching to the front and re«r I 
 
 •3 \iZ^"V''\^y^'' ^'^''^ o« 'he march 
 2 33|March ,n file to a flank . . 
 
 - 34 VVheeling in file 
 
 I 28 
 
 c 
 
 27 
 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 o 
 
 M 
 
 •0 
 
 u 
 
 c 
 
 35 
 
 36 
 
 37 
 
 21 
 
 as 
 
 23 
 
 24 
 
 ib, 
 
 •l^ 
 Jb. 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 28 
 
 ib. 
 29 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 
 ib. 
 
 32 
 
 Ou 'que marching in front 
 Oblique marching ^n file 
 
 30 Wheeling backward 
 
 39, vVheel.ng from the march, on ^ halte'd and 
 movcabie pivot - "«*"cu ana 
 
 epping our, fteppine flio'rt m,,u ." '^* 
 
 S 'o 'eet, ihc fide ^ep, iU^^y^y back ib. 
 
 End of Part I. 
 
[ viil ] 
 
 PART S I C O N D. 
 
 flOF THE PLATOON, OR COxMPANY. 
 
 Page^. 
 3^ 
 
 36 
 38 
 
 39 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 
 4fc 
 49 
 
 50 
 
 ^1 Formation of the platoon 
 42 .Vhrchmg to the front - - - 
 
 4 li'he Tide Hep - • - - 
 
 44I The Uu:k lle|> - - - - 
 
 L5!ijl'.' marching - - ' " 
 
 VLl^Vheeling from a halt " .^ " , ' ,. 
 !7KvhttlinR forward by Sub-divifions from line 43 
 Ifc W hcclihg back ward by Sul diviriousfromline4l 
 Marching on an aligncment, in open column 
 
 ofiiub divitions - - * r 7 u ^* 
 
 vVhetling into line from open column of iub- 
 
 Idiviiions - - " T i- * • ^ 
 In opi n column of fub-divifions wheeling into 
 an dligncnient - - ' ' . ^^ 
 
 ci'ln open column of fub-divifions wheelmg in- 
 to a new dirt-aion, on % moveabk p»vot 46 
 C( untermaich by files ' ' ' ^Z 
 
 54 VV heeling on the center of the platoon 4» 
 
 ^ Oblique maiching - - ' . ' e ^^ 
 lncrea»w»g and dn^iniOiing tb« ffont of an 
 open ctlumn, halted - - " r ^' 
 157 Ir.creal.ng and diminifh'ng the front of aa 
 open column on the march - - 5* 
 c8 riK platoon in t pen colurin of fub-divifions^ 
 ^ I to 'p"f^ a defiU by b. caking off files 53 
 
 co'Marchini; in q iick time - - • 54 
 
 OoiForming to the front from file - - "b- 
 
 161 rormingfrom filetoeiitierfianlc - - 55 
 
 162 To foi m to either flank, from open column of 
 ' I idb divifions, or kdtions - - 50 
 167 The platoon moving to the front, to gam ground 
 
 I to aii nk,bvamatchinechcllon,byie6t!ons57 
 
 64' From three r.uiks forming in two ranks 5» 
 
f ix ] 
 FORMATION OF THE COMPANY. 
 
 When the company Is to fake open order?*** 
 iroin clofe crder - _ _ 
 
 VVi.er. the compan> is to take clofe o'rder, from ^ 
 OiK-u order - _ •. 
 
 - - - lb. 
 
 Formation of tht battalion. 
 i'^ormatmn of the b..ttal,r>n, at clofe order 
 VVhen the b.utal.on take- open order . 
 When the battalion re fumes clofe order 
 M/lra^l of thenn/l efential general atteviions, 
 required tn the m,v,menu of the battalion. 
 Attentions of the ful- | Murch 
 
 ^:'' , 10 j Halt 
 
 limes of marc' ;b. 
 
 J^^'hethugs ib. 
 
 Filings ib. 
 
 4 
 7 
 8 
 
 Cirriage of arms 
 Pivot flanks 
 Pivot files 
 
 irinss 
 
 Piv(t-.T»en ib 
 
 Poiitiun of the body n 
 
 Covering platoon fe rjeants, 
 Pofition of coverino- 
 
 fc rjeants jo 
 
 In culurnn ib. 
 
 Whf-cJing into line 14 
 
 Leading platoon ib. 
 
 jCoijiitcrnurch jb. 
 
 iin h\c i^; 
 
 Sub-diviHons 
 Clufe column 
 Pioneers 
 Diu nmers 
 tchelloa 
 
 Mufic 
 Attention in platoon cjpcers. 
 
 officeT, °^ ^'''""" . I ^h-li"g in column. 
 
 If 
 
 la 
 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 iJi. 
 ib. 
 
 H 
 
 ^5 
 
 ib. 
 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 ib. 
 
 i officers j^ 
 
 V'hecling into co- 
 
 llufTin ib, 
 
 Vbcciiiig into line j; 
 
 on a rtxc-d point 17 
 Wheeling uy co- 
 lumn, on the pivot 
 iianlc ib. 
 
 Countermarch 
 
 "*j 
 
 % 
 
C ^ ] 
 
 Countermarch of pla- 
 toons ib. 
 In linr 18 
 In file ib. 
 Leading officer 19 
 When pivots march ib. 
 Wheeling back- 
 wards ih. 
 In clofc column 10 
 Colours lb. 
 
 In front divifions 20 
 Wheelings in co- 
 lumn 2' 
 Cl'>fe column ib. 
 Supernumerary rank 
 
 StafF 
 
 Adjutant gives 
 
 points 
 Lciiellon 
 
 22 
 
 ib. 
 
 as 
 
 Attentions 0/ commanding off.cen of Battalions. 
 
 Field officers moun- 
 ted 28 
 
 Commands 24 
 
 Points ot march ib. 
 
 Points of doubling, 
 and wheeling ib. 
 
 Halt of the column ib. 
 
 DrelHn^ 25 
 
 Commands in line ib. 
 
 Atte!)ti./ns ui line ib. 
 
 Drclling in line 26 
 
 Intel v.ils 27 
 
 Aids in exercife ib. 
 Attentions ib. 
 
 Clote column ib. 
 
 Forming in line 2o 
 As ii'.any points are 
 icquireo ior one 
 
 battalion, as for 
 
 feveral 'b. 
 
 In all fituations, exact 
 
 points cannot be 
 given 29 
 
 The battalion, in no 
 fituation, to cover 
 more ground than 
 the [loper extent 
 of Its front ib, 
 
 Marciiing in an a- 
 lignemeiit 3^ 
 
 VV'^i-eliiig back- 
 vvc rd 
 
 Attentions in echel 
 Ion ib. 
 
 Words gf Command 
 \ 3^—35 
 
 31 
 
PART I. 
 
 Instruction of the Recru 
 
 IT. 
 
 IHE fevrral heads of Inftruaion fo 
 re to be attended to, and foHovved 
 
 r recruits 
 
 t requires ia 
 
 lanner and order here (et forth. ]. .^.uue- 
 he .nftru^tors to whom th,s duty is ciitruft 
 "d who are to be anfwerabJe for'th 
 
 in tne 
 
 It, th 
 
 molt unremitting perfcverance 
 
 rurate knowledge of th 
 
 c execution 
 
 > an ac- 
 
 e pare each has to teach, 
 
 !^ndadearandconc.A.m;;;;;;;;;};;::e;^;^h:^ 
 
 ^^Wlrua.ons ; but with a firmnef. that will c°om. 
 ^rnand from men a perfe^ attention to the direc- 
 £on9 he IS g.v ,ng them.-He mull allow for the 
 t''y'P'^'yoith.rccruk, be patient, notri! 
 |o ous, where endeavour and good wilUre evi- 
 dently not wanting ; quicknefs is not at firft to 
 ||e require^ .t.s the reluit of much practice If 
 |ftcersand inflruaors are not cnticallv exact i 
 fc:r own commands, and in obfcrvi-r/thc cxc 
 
 ^ s mu.l take pl.ce, labour be uK-fcclual, and 
 f <: end propolcd will never be attained. 
 
 i he recruit muli be carried on proPreflivelv ■ 
 fi'ould comprehend one thinr bcf.r- b-ZV 
 
 ir;;o"'^rr':--r^'^^^'^^----^-^^^ 
 
 jH ' * "/ ' •■■- "I'-.u^vvi -, wncij iccruits 
 
 arc 
 
[ - J 
 
 are more advanced, they (hould not be touched ; 
 but from the example ftiowr., and the dire(5tions 
 prefc.ibcd, bf taught to correct thcmfclves when 
 lb admonilhed. Recruits lliould not be kept too 
 J'^ng at any paiticular part of their exerciie, fo 
 as to fatigue or snake them unealy ; and march- 
 ing without arms (hould be much intermixed 
 with the firelock ?:.. rudion. — Fife, or mufic, 
 mulT: on no accour - ufed ; but the recruit is 
 to be confirmed by ..bit alone in that cadence 
 of ftep which he is afterwards to maintain in his 
 march to the enemy, in fpite of every variety of 
 noil'e and circumltance, that may tend to de- 
 ran<je him. 
 
 In the manner hereafter prefcribed, muft each 
 recruit be trained fingiy, and in fquad ; nor un- 
 til be is Ueadied in thefe, and in other points of 
 his duty, is he to be allowed to join the battalion ; 
 for one aukw^rd man, imperfedt in his march, or 
 whofe perfon is diftorted, will derange his di- 
 vifion, and of courfe operate on the battalion] 
 and line, in a ftill more confequcntial manner. 
 — Every foldier on his return from long abfencc, ! 
 muft be redrilled before he is permitted to ad 
 in the ranks of his company. 
 
 Remarks upon the neceffily, utility, crap- 
 plication, of what is hereafter prefcribed, arr as 
 much as polTjble avoided in the firft and fecona 
 parts : fuch remarks properly belong to the third, 
 or battalion part, with the principles ©f whofc 
 movements it muft be fuppofed an inftru^tor is 
 fufficicntly acquainted. 
 
 r«rTt'rT 
 
 VV i i 14- 
 
C 3 ] 
 
 WITHOUT ARMS. 
 
 S. I. 
 
 ^o/ttion of the Soldier, 
 
 THE equal fquarenefs of *»:, /hou!d-rs and 
 body to thef^ontis the firl} and great 
 pMnciple of the pof.tion of a fulJicr.-The hi 
 muft be in a line, and clor.d.--The kn4 
 ftra,ghr, without flifFnefs.-The toes a ttL 
 
 r:;r^6o%".et^'i^^^^^^^^^^ ^r ^" ^-^'^ "^^ 
 
 bod, but nr.H^X«:t;aT:f'?,"e^--,^^^ 
 
 ^ n, , . '''^'"^ ^^ ^'^« breeches j— The elbows 
 •ndftoulders to be kept back j- he Lily at v' 
 
 forward io that the weight of it p.incipally bcu" 
 on the fore part of ehe feet ,Jthe head' r, e 
 crea a,>d ne.ther turned to the nght nor 1 ft 
 
 rhc poht.on ,n which a ioldier ihould m.v'e 
 dcterrnincs that :n which he il^ouid ihu i _!! 
 J oo.nany methods cannot be ufed to Iud) ie rh. 
 ;ecruir, and banilh the .ir oMhe rulHc 'Ib:! 
 
 Vml. ' '°^^^'"' 's contrary to every true nrin- 
 
 *-'» The 
 
[ 4 1 
 
 The woras on tlie margin, which are printed 
 in Itri/us^Arc the worJs oi'coniinand to be given 
 by tlic iniirui^or. 
 
 S- II. 
 
 J 
 
 I 
 
 rnar.d* 
 f.ivtn by 
 
 ihuCt r. 
 
 i: , 
 
 J ,tt 
 
 Ane^tUn. 
 
 ON the vvorJs Stand at Eap^ the right foot 
 i*- to be drawn back about fix Inches^ and 
 the j^rcHtelt- part of the weight of the body 
 brought upon it ; the left knee a little bent j thd 
 iianu»> brought together before the body j but 
 the ihoulders to be kept back, and fquare j the 
 head to the front, and the whole attitude with- 
 out conllraint. 
 
 On the word, j^ttentlon^ the hands are to iA\ 
 finartly Hown the outlide of the thighs j the right 
 hcd to be brought up in a line with the left ; 
 r.nd the proper unconftraincd pofition of a fol- 
 dicr i'nmediately refumed. 
 
 When ft-inding at eafe for qny confiderable 
 lime in cold weather, the men may be permitted, 
 I'y »:ommand> to move their limbs ; but without 
 quilting their ground, fo that upon the word 
 jJttent'ion^ no one (liall have materially loft his 
 i e.iir;^ \'.\ tiie line. 
 
 
 o 
 
 S. III. 
 
 E^es to the Riiht. 
 
 N the vvcrJ*;, Eyei to the. Right^ glance the 
 eyei to the tiahr, with the flighieli turn 
 
 pofiiblc 
 
r 5 J 
 
 poHIhle of the Head. — A 
 
 Left^ caft the eyes in I 
 On the word<;, Uves to the / 
 
 c t!-.e words, Eyes to the 
 iice manner to the left. ^'^'' ^''^'' 
 
 head, 
 
 tual pofition of the fold 
 
 are to be dircaiy io the front i th 
 
 ront^ the looic, and .?.« Front 
 
 e habi 
 
 Thefe 
 
 er. 
 
 tno 
 
 tions are only ufeful on the wheel 
 
 ofdivifions, or when dreifi 
 
 inff 
 
 hal 
 
 the ft'veral turnin 
 
 "^2^ IS ordered after 
 
 and particular attention r:iuit be paid 
 
 foldier from 
 
 >f th 
 
 c eves, to or 
 
 movioir 
 
 his b 
 
 111 
 
 prevent the 
 
 preferved perfectly fquare to tlae U 
 
 ociy, which ihould be 
 
 ont. 
 
 S. IV' 
 
 ^he Facin 
 
 zs. 
 
 I 
 
 going through the facing^^ the left heel 
 r quits the ground ; thV body mull 
 
 incline forward, and the k 
 
 ne- 
 
 ratfier 
 
 »cei be kept Itraight. 
 
 l^. Place the hollow of the ri^ht foot^ I 
 
 art V 3rrii,-.(^ .',^ 1-1. 11.-. I o 
 
 finartly againll the left Jseel 
 ihoulders fquare to tnefionr. 
 
 , keeping thv 
 
 1 ^- 
 
 2d. Raifeth 
 on b^th heels. 
 
 e -oes, and turn to the ri^l 
 
 n 
 
 I ft. Place the right heel agai.n^ the hoi- 
 
 > 
 
 I 
 J 
 
 ti-e 
 
 low of the left foot, k 
 
 I 
 
 juare to the front 
 
 , Jcecpmg the ihouid 
 
 ;rrs j 
 
 2d. Raife the toes, and 
 
 on both heels 
 
 turn to the left 
 
 t! f 
 t.f. 
 
 J 
 
 lit. 
 
I 
 
 I 
 
 <<! t 
 
 'it ' 
 
 To th 
 
 H ^at IJCC. 
 
 rc th Lrft 
 
 [ 6 ] 
 
 Si ( ifV. Place the ball of the right toe againft 
 % I the left hccU keeping ilie fhoulJers Iquare 
 2". I to the iVont. 
 
 3 </ 2d. Raifc the toes, and turn to the right 
 about on both heels. 
 
 3d. Bring the right foot fmartly back ia 
 I a line with the left. 
 
 [ I ft. Place the right heel againft the ball 
 of tlie left foot, keeping the flioulderis. 
 fquare to the front. 
 3 -^ 2d. Raife the toes, and turn to the left 
 about on both heels. 
 
 3d. Bring up the right foot fmartly in a 
 line with the left. 
 '\\^^ greateft- precifion muft be obferved in 
 thefe facings, for if they are not exadly execu- 
 ted, a body of men, ait.er being properly dreiied^ 
 will lofe their dreliing, on every fmall move- 
 nicsit of facing. 
 
 S. V. 
 
 Pcfition in Marching, 
 
 .rjr:t^. 
 
 IN mnrching, the foldier muft maintain, as 
 much as poflible, the pofition of the body as 
 uireited in Seci. I. He muft be well balanced 
 oil liis limbs. His arms and bands, without itift- 
 rcfs, muft be kept iteady by his fjdes, and, not 
 uiftered to vibrate. He muft not be allowed to 
 lioop forward, ftill lefs to lean back. His body 
 mult be kept fquare to the front, and thrown ra- 
 ther more forward in marching thai) when halt- 
 ed, that it may accompany the movement of the 
 leg and thiijn, v/hich movement muft fpring 
 
 from 
 
m 
 
 f 7 J 
 
 from the Haunch. The h 
 but without ftiiFe 
 
 ni 
 
 'A 
 
 am muft be ftrr chc^, 
 ng the knee. Thetoeal-:- 
 tle pointed, and kept near the ground, To that 
 the fhoc-foles may not be viiiH j to a perfon in 
 front. The head to be kept well up, ^trai^htto 
 the front, and the eyes not fuffered to b? ca(t 
 down. The foot, without bd.jg drawn back, 
 mult be placed fiat on th' ground. 
 
 S. VI. 
 
 Ordinary Step. 
 
 THE Length of each pace, from heel to heel, 
 IS 30 inches, and the recruit mutt be tau ^hc 
 |to take 75 of thefe itcps in a minute, withSuc 
 •f '"ttenn^^ and with perfeifl fteadinefs. 
 4 The ordinary Itep being the pace on all ccca- 
 4iions whatever, unlefli greater celerity be parti- 
 ^cularly ordered, the recruit mult be care-faDv 
 ^trained, and thoroughly initrjaed in this moft 
 -ell-ntial part of nis duty, and perfectly mad-- to 
 
 underftand, that he is to maintain it for a lon^ 
 
 « pcfnod of time together, both in line and i.i cot 
 
 •:amn, and in -ough as wHl as nnooth ground, 
 
 which he may be required to march over. This 
 ; is the flo.veit ftt-p which a recruit is taught, and 
 
 is alio applied in all movements of parade. 
 
 S. VII. 
 
 The Halt. 
 
 |N (he word Halt, let the rear foot h^ Halt, 
 bfoughf. upon a line with the advanced 
 
 one. 
 
■^ 
 
 [ 8 J 
 
 one, Co as to finifli the (lep which was taking 
 when the command was given. 
 
 I 
 
 n 
 
 ''9 
 March 
 
 S. VIII. 
 Oblique Step. 
 
 "^TTTHEN the recruit has acnuired the regn- 
 VV ^*' length and cadence of the ordinary 
 pace, he is to be taught the obliq'«e i\e^. At 
 re the Left, jj^g vvords, To the Left. Oblique— March^ without 
 altering his perlonal iquarencis ot polition, ne 
 will, when he is to ftep with his left foot, point, 
 and carry it for vvard 19 inches, in the diagonal 
 line, to the left, which gives about 13 inches to 
 the lide, ai.d about 13 inches to the front. On 
 the word Two, he will bring his right foot 30 
 inches forward, fo that the rigt.t heel be placed 
 13 inches directly before the left one. In this 
 polition he will paufe, and on the word T a^o, 
 continue to m^rch, as before directed, by advan- 
 cing his left foot 30 inche' paufiug at each ftep 
 till confirmed in his pciltion ; it being ellcntial- 
 ly iic^ellary to take the grcatcil caie that his 
 fhouiders be prefcrvcd fquare to the front. From 
 the combination of ihcic two movements, the 
 general (jbliqaity gamed will amount to an an- 
 gle of about 25 degrees. When the recruit is 
 habituated to the len<..hs and diie(ftions of the 
 fttp, he niuft be made to continue the march, 
 without paufing, with hrmmf^, and in the ca- 
 dcn.-e of the ordinary pace, viz. 75 Heps in the 
 minute. 
 
 As all maiching (the fide-ftep excepted) in- 
 variably begins with the left foot, whether the 
 
 r-.V.Wf.-.-.'tt^.-.r 
 
[ 9 ] 
 
 obliquing commences from the iialt, or on the 
 inarcii, the firfl diagonal (lep taken is by the iead- 
 ing foot of the fide inclined to, when it comes to 
 its turn, after the convnand is pronounced. 
 
 The Iqijareners of the perfon, and the habitual 
 cadenced flep, in coufcqucnce, are the great di- 
 rcflions of th^ oblique, as well as of the direil 
 march. 
 
 Each recruit fhould be feparately and careful- 
 ly inf}ru£led in the principles of the foregoing- 
 
 [eight feitiona of the drill. They form the ba- 
 
 jAs of all military movements. 
 
 Three or four recruits will now be formed ia 
 I one ranic, at very open files, and inlirudtcd as 
 I follows. 
 
 S. IX. 
 DreJ/tng when Halted, 
 
 DRESSING is to be taught equally by t\\tDref$. 
 left as by the right. On the word Drefs^ 
 e^ch individual will caft his eyes to the point to 
 which he is ordsred to drefs, with the fmalleCt 
 turn poflible of the head, but preferving the (houl- 
 ders and body fquare to their front. The whole 
 perlon of the man muft move as may be necef- 
 lary, and hendinp; backward or forward is not to 
 be permitted. He muft take fliort, quick (Icps, 
 thereby gradually and exailly .o gain his pofiti- 
 on, and on no account be fuffcred to attempt it 
 ^ by any fu iden or violent alteration, which muft 
 I Hifjlli j'y derange whatever is beyond him. The 
 Ikres ol the men, and not their' breads or feet, 
 [are the line of dreiang. Each man is to be able 
 
 :.,a 
 
I 
 
 r 10 ] 
 
 uift to diOiiiguiflj the lower part of tlie face of 
 the fecund Alan be) unci biin. 
 
 In ciiclhii^', the fy--*s of the men are always 
 tutiiL-d lothc OlHcer, who gives the word Dreji\ 
 and who s. poiied at the point by which ihc bu- 
 dy hulls i and who from that point corrects his 
 men, on a point at, or beyond, his oppofite flank. 
 The faults to be avi »<.lcd. an«l generally coni- 
 n.itted by the f Idicr in dreiung, are, paihng the 
 line i the hzzd forward, iind bod/ ktpt back : 
 the (boulders not fquare j the head turned loo 
 much. 
 
 Two, or more men, being moved forward, or 
 backwzrd, a given nuiriber of paces, and placed 
 in the new line, and direction, tht: following 
 commands will be given. 
 
 By the P.igf't,, for \rd — Drtji. 
 By the t^tght^ backward — Drefs» 
 By the Lefty fonvard — Drefs. 
 By the Lefty backward — Drefs, 
 As loon as the drefling is accompUfhcd, the 
 voids, Eyei Front^ wiM be given, that heads 
 may be replaced, and ren am fijuaie to the front. 
 No rank, or body, ought ever to be dreffed, 
 without the pcrfon on its flank appointed to 
 diefs it, determining, or at leaft fuppofing, a 
 line, on which the rank, or body, is to be form- 
 ed, and for that purpolc taking as. his object the 
 diihTni flank man, or a point beyosid fuch flank, 
 or a man thrown out on purpofe i — drciling; ir.ult 
 then be made gradually, and progrf'irivelv, from 
 the fixed point, towards the diftant flank one ; 
 and each man fucceflively, but quickly, muit be 
 brought up into the true line, fo as to become a 
 new point, from whence the perfon directing 
 proceeds in the correi^ion of the others j and he 
 himfelf, when fo djrcctmg, mult take care, that 
 
 \l IC 
 
hJs perfon, or his eyes at le^ik. b 
 
 y 
 
 lirr, which he is th 
 
 e in the true 
 
 en giving. 
 
 S. X. 
 
 Stepping out, 
 
 I'THHE fquad marches as already diredtcd in,., 
 V X ordinary time. Oi, the v,otd /iep ouL^ 
 I the recruit mult be taught to lengthen his (Icp 
 ■^^31 inches, by leaning forward a little, K.,t 
 ^ without altering the cadence. 
 
 This ftep is necefTary when a tcirjporary ex- 
 ertion .n hne, an i to the front, is required'; or 
 ^^\^^n t,ie rear divifions of a column, are to move 
 ^^? into \mj with the leading ones, and is applied 
 both to ordinary, and quick time. 
 
 tut. 
 
 S. XI. 
 Mark Time. 
 
 ON the word, Mark Time, the Foot then 
 auvancing compleats its pace ; after ^'-^ 
 wmch tiiccad-nce is contiiued, without gain. ''""' 
 inganv ground, but alternuely throwing; out 
 Ithe foot, and bringing it bac '< fquare with the 
 •other. At the word O/v/- ary Step, the ufaaK ^. 
 3aceof 30 inches will ^ taken. J;!'"'""-^ 
 
 I'hJ. ttepisnece^ .^ -).uciing In line, when '^^' 
 my particular battalion ,i advr^.iced, and has to 
 "vait lor the coming upot oviicrs. 
 
 b. XII. 
 
N. 
 
 Step Sbott 
 
 Or (Unary 
 6ttf>. 
 
 s. xu. 
 
 Stepping Short. 
 
 ON the wor^, Sup Short, the fooc advancmj; 
 wHl finiO. its pace, and afterwards each 
 recruit will fte, as far as the ball of h.s toe and 
 no farther, until the word, Ordtnary Step, be 
 given, when the ufual pace of JO inches is to be 
 
 *^ This ftep is ufeful when a momentary re- 
 tardn.ent of cither a battalion in Ime, or ot a 
 divifion in column, (hall be required. 
 
 Change 
 
 S. Xlll. 
 
 Changing the Feet. 
 
 TO change the feet in marching, the ad- 
 vancing foot couipleats its pace, and the 
 ball of the other is brought up quickly to the 
 heel of the : Ivanced one, which .nltantly makes 
 another flep forward, lo that the cadence may 
 
 """"THs^may be required of... individual who 
 is ftcpping wi h a ditFerent fcot ^'^^^^}'^y'^l',[ 
 his divifion •, in doing which he will .n fadt take 
 twj fucccflive iUps, with the fame toot. 
 
 T 
 
 S. XIV. 
 
 <Ihe Side or Clofmg Sup, 
 HE fide flep is performed from the halt in 
 ordinary time, by thefollowingcommands. 
 
[ 13 J 
 
 daf: to the Rigl t (a caution) — Murih. 
 (Mje to the Lejt (a c.iution) — March. 
 In doling to the righr, on »he word, AJunh^C.'oft i, ri.- 
 fcs are turned to the right, ;ind each man car-^/:'^ 
 Jes bis right toot about 12 iiicii-s diredlly to his '^^^^'''^' 
 Ight (or it tiir files arc clofcd, to his neighbour's 
 ^ft foot), and inltantly brings up his left foot, 
 111 the heel toucnes his right ht. i ; he then pau- 
 :s, fo as to [K-rform this moveuient inoidinary 
 Ime, and proceeds to take thi; next Hep in the 
 ime manner ; the whole w h psrfed prccirion 
 !>f time, {boulders kept fquare, knees not benr, 
 Ind in the true lire on which the body is fornitJ. 
 
 ■At the word, //a//, th^ whole halt turn tlK-ir ,/,;.>. 
 fyes to the front, and are pciil^Ky itcu'',. 
 V.S. XLllI.) 
 
 S. XV. 
 
 who 
 
 Bad Sicp. 
 
 mE Back Step is performed in the ori'i- 
 
 nary tin.e and length of pace, frfim t!ic 
 
 »ii't, on the command Step lack^ Murci ^ — Ti.e V/ /; k, 
 
 |ecruit mufl be taught to move Ifraight \.> rh^. -"•^■•"^. 
 
 l^ear, preferving his (iiouluers fquare to the hen:-, 
 
 nd his body erect. — On the word, Halt^ the h 
 
 ti front muft be brought back l^uarc wiiii t'lic 
 |thf;r. , 
 
 A lew paces only oi the back flep can be iie- 
 tflary at a tine. 
 
 D , S. XVI. 
 
 ir 
 
March' 
 
 [ H 3 
 S. XVI. 
 
 The ^4ick Step- 
 
 THE cadence of the ordinary pace having 
 become pcrfeaiy habitual to the recruits, 
 they are now to be taught to march a quick 
 time, which is ic8 fteps in the minute, each ot 
 ^o inches, making 270 feet in a mmute.— 1 ne 
 command ^/v/V/-, March, being g.ven with a 
 paufe between them •, the word, ^uuk.x^ to be 
 confidcred as a caution, and the whole to re- 
 main perfectly fi.ll, and feady ; on the word 
 Al^rch, ihey Hep off with the left feet, keeping 
 tu-body in the fame pollure, and the ihou^Jcrs 
 fquarc to the front j the foot to be lifted oft the 
 -round, that it may clear any rtones, or other im- 
 S^diments in the way, and to be thrown forward, 
 and placed firm ; the whole of the fole to touch 
 the ground, and not the heel alone ; the knees 
 are not to be bent, neither are they to be ftiften- 
 cd, fo as to occafion fatigue, or conftraint.— 1 he 
 arms to hang with cafe down the outfide of the 
 thi'h ;' a fmall motion to prevent conftraint may 
 be permitted ; but not to l\ving out, and there- 
 by occalion the leuft turn, or movement ot the 
 fnoulder ; the head is to be kept to the front- 
 the body well up, and the utmoft fteadaiefs to 
 be prefcrved. 
 
 This is the pace to be ufed in ^WJiltngs ofdi- 
 vifions from line into column, or from column 
 into line ; and by battalion columns of ma- 
 iia-uvre, when independanlly changing pofition. 
 —It may occal;onally be ufcd in the column ot 
 march of (mall bodies, when the route is fmoolh, 
 rnd no obftacles occur j but in the march m 
 line of a confiderable body it is not to be re- 
 
 Guired, 
 
 g 
 
f 
 
 i5 
 
 J 
 
 ciu.red, and very feldom in a column of m. 
 
 roid.er, and more time will be loit by hurrv ''i 
 -cc^y.thenisaUempced.beV:ned'b; 
 
 denotes that .,vy;«.-r;. t.mc is to be talcen ; wh-i 
 the ^....f ,w ,s meant, that word will pncX 
 tbcothrr The word J/..,6 marks the b-T 
 
 g'vcft when the body is m previous motion. 
 
 S. XVII. 
 
 "Ti^e ^liickeji Step. 
 
 THE ^^/V^,y? //,«, or wheeling marc, ig ,20 
 ftepsof 30 .nches each, or 300 teet in ^t 
 minute. The directions already g^v en fo- 
 march ,n quick ti.^e relate equally to the m-.; h 
 in qu.ckeft time. ^ ^ ^ '"'"'■'' 
 
 This is applied chiefly to the puroo^e r f 
 
 r.Tn'ci^''^?"'^^^^'' the outward iile > 'h : 
 33 mches, whether the wheel is from hne -'ta 
 CO umn, during the match in column or Ci^ 
 
 v&"m'"". '"''^'■^'-^ alio houd 2: 
 v.hon. double, and move up, when pailinc cb 
 
 hr f o ?^^? "';^^^" '■" '^^- column of march 
 IW orf " "''-'""^^^^'^ ordi.inii ej: 
 
 lraa.;cd1n\^hrditent ;r:;" ^^ ^^'^ ^^ 
 i-e . /ir.„e. and ind:^:^:^^^/'^^:: 
 
 A-/ Z 
 
 JVJ 
 
 am 
 
u 
 
 . ryf march muft nov be 
 ^'■''>y f 7^'7 : VrLr.-'c three .,uft. -uf- 
 
 ,;,,, .:<».•;'-■ ,,';,f,,- ?„i,„|;c), NVHEEL.NC, 
 
 Viu:c.; •" ••'' J'Vme fin i" the minute). 
 
 r.r«..o.is, -i^-"^^^I^'„V':;;Vnt.lity, and 
 of nurch .,1 » "•'^";;' '"^^^ea uncertainty of 
 
 „o.e.,-,cu, >,t^ey "\"/„^%';each'ntt.uaor of 
 
 t::;te-;:::v:f"Lfr^t.irch«u..».- 
 
 not lubject to ftrctch, ana ^^^^^ ^^^ 
 
 the ditiercnt rcqu.red »«"g »^*l/^„i (houldbc 
 
 above r«^p«^^'»''^f y-rrr*-'^""^^^^ ^^^ ^*^^ 
 
 i« the aajutani's, or ^7J^"';3;,fo be marked 
 
 ir,V^i^^o^^^^^ thereby acquire the 
 juft length of each. ^ j •„ 
 
 S.X or fg-:r bavin" Hy, weU-drUb 
 rank, at *=»f ^.»^*fl^:' ^!^ \"?d,-*nd FILE MARCH 
 (oldicr on ihcir flank to leaa,— *u 
 INC may be taught them. 
 
 S. XVllI. 
 fii' hiarcbinz- 
 
 ^-^HE recrui 
 ^ iUuacd to cover each 
 
 muft firft>^ and then be. n 
 , cover each other exawtlyj 
 
[ '7 ] 
 «'<-, to that tl.e head cf t'!t m,,:. mntoJt^tcl^- be. -. 
 
 ctntrs in/.:. 
 
 ['»re, may conceal the h us ci" ^;i //,' 
 h.sfront.-The Ihicldt ool.rv.r.J/o; .^' f- 
 rules for marching is parricu!arly neccpi; ■: 
 nurch.ng by hies, wmch .s hril to be tau 2 1 
 
 atelv toltcpoft together, gaining at the very hrlt 
 ^ep ^o mches, and io contmuin' each ifep w.r , 
 out encrca. ng the d.fhncc bctvT.xt carh recru 
 every man locking or pla.in^ h.s adva.xeJ W 
 on the ground, before the fpot from whence h'j 
 preceding ,nan had taken up his, - no look in'' 
 down, nor leaning backward is to be fuffrred rZ 
 any pretence whatever,— the leader is to he du 
 rectcd to uiarcn ilraight forward, tofonK- J:lia,.t 
 oKjea given h-m for tliat px-pofc, and (h^ ^. 
 cruits made to cover one a other daii,; ^ t^'e" 
 ma.cn. With the moft icrupuious exar-n,?. 1 
 great rttent.on mult be pa.d to p.^v t tiVe,,. 
 /rn.n marching with their k nev bent, -vn.. i tnev 
 w.. be very apt to do at f^rft, fro:n an .,,p. ,....,. 
 ion of treading u,.on the heels of th.i '- before 
 
 .^r.nz., 
 
 S. XIX. 
 
 irbeelhig ofafingh Rank In ordinary Ihne, 
 
 from the Halt, 
 A T the word, To the Right uvv.-.', the 
 
 mm n.^it 
 
 \ on the right of the rank f^ces to tne ri-hr • ..".-/, 
 tile word March, they Itep off tc ^erh-,''-,e M , . 
 oic turning their eyes to the Itft fi. . ^;^.n-^! 
 
 on 
 
 who 
 
 ''■•g flank), except the man op. uie l.ft v\ the 
 r*»<K, who looks inwards ; and, duii;i' 
 
 ig iie wnccl. 
 
 I'cv m;.L > 
 

 r i8 ] 
 
 V .m.- a kind ot bafe lin^, for the others to 
 brcome» a ^'7,^-,^.^in ^hc umformity of front. 
 
 p.oportu>a as he i nearer the whee), 
 
 on which the wheel .naac . ^^^^^^ . 
 
 that IS, the) '""" „ . ,,oop forward, but 
 neighbour ; nor -« •^'^yj^ ,. /„ ,,,, ft^nding 
 
 flank, is to be avoided , c oling m P^ ^^^ 
 
 '^" V'l>:/" ach ,na VaulMediatcly, wUh- 
 
 nicnts. , , ^ perform the 
 
 oi the circle. 
 
 luitilm 
 
 S. XX. 
 
 IVhmhg ofafingU Rank, from the March. 
 
 THE recruits arc firft to be taught to p-r- 
 fotm th.s wheeling at the ord,r.ar-) , m>, 
 
 and afterwards in the juuk,,!, <" ? "?5; "'* ' J^ 
 llm, —the ranlt, marching to the front at the 
 n^aryri.ne, fcceives 'he word of command 
 R„h,, hluJ, the man on the r.ght of the^rankj 
 
f ^9 1 
 'nftantly halts, and face, to hfs ri.ht • the reft 
 "anic (4s d.rcaed ii, the preceding iection) i.n 
 
 wheeled ." '' l^' T^^'^" °^^'^^ ^'^^'^ to ii 
 lanicitep* off together at the ordinary time. 
 
 S. XXI. 
 fTMijjg Backwards, aftngle Rank. 
 
 £rtZt \ ""'." °" ^^^ ''•^^t °^ the rank '■'^V''^*- 
 ftep br^t;!'-^ at the word, J/...^, the whole ^X;^!' 
 ouru; 1 K , " ^^^^^'"g ti'"^, clreffing by the^--^- 
 outward wheeling man, thofe ne.relt the p.vot 
 nan makmg their fteps extremely fmal],^and 
 hofe towards the wheeling man encreafing'them 
 in twJ "•" P '^"'^ "^^••" to him. The fecruk 
 
 it win'h '^' ^''^'"^'■>' ^^'^ ' ^"'^ -^t all titles 
 
 t w.ll be necefTary to prevent them from hnrry. 
 
 all i^r„^'" ' '? r-.'- ^^'d.ers are yery liable to 
 
 Xre llrr?'?'"''^.'". ^'^^^''■"S backwards ; 
 
 This wh" f ^^'^'^ ^^^'^ '^^"^ ^'"^ '"t^ ^°J"mn 
 this wheeling ,s neceffary to prcfervc the co- 
 
 V/Ti nrr 
 
[ 20 3 
 
 vcring of pivot flanks, and the d.ftanccs of the 
 d'vtrls,wmch the hne ha. broken uuo. 
 
 S. XXII. 
 
 meeUngof a fingU Rank, on a moveable 
 
 Pivot, 
 
 Right 
 Jhiulden 
 fettvard, 
 
 r 
 
 N wheeling on a moveable pivot, both flai ks 
 
 ■ arrmoverble, and dclcr.be concentr.c c -^ 
 
 cles round a point, which 'S removed .few 
 
 ^aces fro.n what would otherw.fe be the «^n^; 
 
 ng flank •, and eyes are all turned ^-^^f^^^^ 
 
 difeaing pivot man, whether he is on the 
 
 ward Hank, or on the flank wheeled to 
 
 When the wheel is to be made o the/l're« 
 inj: pivot flank, (fuppofe the l^^O— .^^e ^k 
 ::;^rrKing at the Wd mary P-e, -cu es the 
 word Rkht Shoulders forward j on whicn ir.c 
 pivot man^, without altering either the t.me or 
 1 n^ h of his pace, continues h.s march on the 
 c r.r;^mference\>f the lefler circle, and, tracmg^ 
 cut a conf.cerable arch, on the pr'n-P e • 
 dreir^ng, gradually brings round h- .-^^^to i^^ 
 uiredtion required, w.th.ut <>bl>g.ng he oti.cr 
 il.nk, which .s acrcr.bmgthecucun.fuejceot 
 a larger circle, to too great ^"^'>' '.-,'^" ^^ 
 ucrd? FcriLord. ihoulders are Iquareu, .nd the 
 p.yot marches rirecl to h.s tront. 
 ^ When the d.reaing p>vat .s on th o"t^'^^^ 
 flank, and has to defcr.be th. 7^7^ ^X^^J^^/ 
 . . , the larirtr circle, on the word, Ujt Jhouiders, 
 ''^' ^^"^%1ZI he w.ll without changing the ume 
 {; length of his pace, gradually bring round t 
 rank to the required diredion, iu .s to enable 
 
 T-yv-drCi' 
 
 utrij~r 
 •ward. 
 
C 21 j 
 
 the inward flank to defcribe a f.nnl.r arc of a 
 ieiler circle, conccntjic to the one he lUinlelFi, 
 luuviiu^ on.— During h..,th thefe wheels, ihc 
 rank drencstothe proper pivot, and when he 
 ce(cnt>cs the fuullcr circle of tne wheel, the 
 o^her f]ink, which has more ground to ^o over, 
 will quicken its march, and Itep out.^When 
 
 the pivot ddcnbcs the greatei circle of the wheel, 
 the other flank, which haslefsground to hoover. 
 Will ftcpfl)ortcr, and gradually conform.—lu li.e 
 hrlt ca(e, t.ie recruit muit be cautioned againft 
 opening out from the pivot ; and» m the latter. 
 trom crowding on him. 
 
 The jurt performance of this mode of wheel, 
 ing depends fo much on the direaing pivot, that 
 a well-drilled foldicr fliould, at firlt; be placed 
 on the flank named, as the proper pivot, and 
 changed occahonally.— It is ufed, when a co- 
 lumn of march (in order to follow the windings 
 of Its route), changes its direction, in general. 
 Jels than the quarter circle. 
 
 WITT! ARMS. 
 
 la 
 
 s. xxiir. 
 
 Pc/ttisn of the Soldier. 
 
 HEN the firelock is given, and is fhouU 
 dered, the perfon of the loldier remains 
 ihe pohtioa described (Se^ion 1.) except, 
 
 ti)a( 
 
 w 
 

 [ 22 ] 
 ,,.. the wr;. Of .he lef. hand ^^^^^^^ 
 better to en brace the buU ^n ^^ ^^ ^^^^^ 
 
 to appear m front^he four hn^.^ ^^^^ .^^^^^^^ 
 
 ^'^^""\ .n^Lta'rd om the body, or be.ng 
 
 without bcmg I^P'^'/^'^^ ' , .h_n the right one.— 
 „,ore backward or forward than tne g ^^^ 
 
 The firelock is placed - ^^^ 5;i";^^: f.^h man- 
 middle of the fingers, .^nd earned ^^^^^ 
 
 ner, that it (hall not "'^*^;. f J""^^^^^ ^^e butt mult 
 one' (houlder more J^" ^^^^^^^'J ean be per- 
 
 therefore be f^'-^^'-^^'nt the fore part nearly 
 n^ittcd without conftraint , the i ^^ 
 
 it P''<^'^*^^.°y /^' t fteauy and firm before th«i 
 p cce muft be ^^P^ ""^n,_uia .he firelock be 
 SoUow of the (houlder -, "^7%^;^,^ hi&h, m 
 drawn back or *«^-P f ;^u b^aTvancel'thc 
 that cafe, one (houlder wm ^^^ 
 
 the limbs. fenaratelv taught the po- 
 
 Each recruit muft be feparate.y « & ^^ ^ ^^ 
 ntion of (houldered arms, and t allow 
 procceu until he has acquired It. 
 
 S. XXIV. 
 Different Motions of tb^ Firelock. 
 
 K,\ oxcrcifc. A<5 
 
As mentioned 
 in the fire- 
 lock cxer- 
 cife. 
 
 r 23 J 
 
 fSupporting arms. 
 
 I Carrying arms. 
 
 I prdcring, at eafed arms. 
 
 i)tandmg at eafe. 
 
 Attention. 
 
 Shouldering. 
 
 Trailing arms. 
 
 Thefe mo :nnc "''^^J^'"^ ^''^'^ ^^^ trail. 
 
 arm?r:rrco:L:r:Se'time7"T' " ^^ ^'^ 
 c/Tcntialhe ftou d:^:^;^^ f " T^ 
 >^^.r/ them ro often a is praaiLd ^7'^'^ 
 Idea that long carrvir^tr th^J '• ""'^" ^^^ 
 
 much conftraitr^ ^ "" '' ^ P°''''°" °^^<^o 
 
 S- XXV. 
 ^V/^«//c« /« formhg the Squad. 
 
 WHEN theSc^UADordivIfion (confiftin^ 
 of from fix to cwH fiUoA • ^ j j ^ 
 M in, each man with carHp^ ^ .1^'''^^' ^° 
 as poffible takehirplacr^^''"'^^'!^"'^^'^^'^^''^'- 
 
 ilerarr;-;:c"^":.'i:,,"!"«,^';X'''. .ha. the 
 rear ranks cover w^ll I ',.• '."'5 """ '" 'he 
 
 -their proper.iftJce":ft„T;Iel3^^cret) 
 
 •roiii 
 
I 24 1 
 
 , . Th-f all 'he ratik^ are eqvi^l- 
 
 from ench omc ,- 1 h.. aU ^^<^ do not tura 
 
 Iv well arcHtd i— I »Mt inc . 
 .hel, h.a.ls .0 .he r.gM, or left >..-■« " h 
 
 pv^n has the nopcr uuc 
 
 {.jldi'jr. 
 
 011ft laiiieJ auitudc ot a 
 
 T 
 
 S. XXVI. 
 
 open ^jrder.^ 
 
 HK recruits beir.^, [--"^^ !" ^jJ7;/;;„',%- 
 I at clofe order, on the word, Rear ra»ki ^^^^^ ^^^^ 
 
 t,t open order, the iUnk n.e.., -^^^^J't-^l^--''- 
 left of the centre, and rear ranks, Urp br.lkly 
 back, one and two paces ^'^Pf^l!^y\^^'^\^l 
 their ri-ht, and ftand covered, to mark the 
 ground tn ^.ich each ra..^ ts to haU and ^e 
 *^ ^. ?or . ever" other individual .en)ains 
 
 reaX^to^^tv'e.-On the word, ^-'^^S the-- 
 d dlers front, and the center -/^ -- ;;-,^ 'f^ 
 buck one and two paces, each drefim^ by the 
 riuiu, the iniUntit arrives oa Uie ground. 
 
 S. XXVII. 
 Clc/e Order. 
 
 'iear 
 
 \ the word, Rear ravks take clofe order, the ^t, 
 Vy--,vhole remain perfeaiy fteady ; at the....;.; 
 ^■.\, March, the ranks clofe w.thm on. pace, ^^.i,^^,^ 
 marching one and two paces, and then halting. 
 
 o 
 
 5; XXV HI. 
 
I 25 J 
 s. xxvni. 
 
 Manual Exerct/c, 
 ACCORDING to Regulation. 
 
 S. XXIX. 
 Platoon Exercife. 
 ACCORDING to Regli.,-,^. 
 
 S. XXX. 
 
 Firings, 
 
 WHEN , he recruits have acquired the m, 
 nagemenf nf" f n M"" ^li ine ma- 
 
 i" 'he motions of tV^'/" r'"'','''"' '" P^f^'-a 
 firing. '""• "'-tEd ac clofej ranks in 
 
 Dirca to their front 
 
 Obl^ud^ to the right and loft. 
 
 S. XXXI. 
 
 , -' -,ar/^i:^ro;;eT '= •'"'^^"'"'^ 
 
 \l ^ear ranks cov in, e«a f '' T' ?"'^'^ '■ 
 
 |^-'.ohav.hisj.fi|jr„t:rd"^oro„:t': 
 
 lore 
 
CflutioH, 
 
 Mill 1 1 . 
 
 r 20 ] 
 
 fore the fquaci is ordered to move. — The march 
 will lie iiia.lc by the right or kft Hank, and a 
 jiropcr iraini-d m^n will therefore ct)ndui^i :t. — 
 The word, i//'flc/, or Divtfion^ may he ^ivcn as 
 a Ci.iition J jiid at liic word, Murch^ each man 
 iUps forward a lull pace. — 'I he recruit mult not 
 turn his head to the hand to which he is drelTir.fjr, 
 as a turning of the IliouhlLrs would unucuhtedly 
 f.jllow. — Ills clbowe nnuft be iccpt fleady, with- 
 out ronltrnint •, i^ ihcy are opened from his bo- 
 dy, the nextniai-. mult be prefled upon ; if they 
 are clofcd, there arifcsan improper diftance which 
 mult be hiled up i in cither cafs waving on the 
 niiuch will take place, and mult therefore be 
 a\oidcd. 
 
 'I be going to the right or left ."ibout, in march, 
 is rot to be at firft practifed ; but the fquad is 
 to ha J^ front by couimand, and then march. 
 
 As the being able to inarch flraight forward is 
 of the utmolt coniequence, he v. ho commands 
 at the drill, will take the grcateft pains in ma- 
 le, ng his hjuad do lb ; — For this purpofe he will 
 eften go behind his fquad, ordivilion, place him- 
 fiif behind the flank file by which the lqua>. -^ to 
 move in n. arching, and take a point, or ohjedt, 
 exactly in front of that file ; e will then com- 
 mand, Alorch^ and remaining in his place, he will 
 direct the advance o\ the fquad, by kee[)ing the 
 flank file always in a line with the object. — It is 
 alfo frciu behi'nd, that one fooneit perceives the 
 leaning bark of the foldier, and the bringing for- 
 ward or falling back of a Ihouider ; faults which 
 ought inliantly to be recSlitu-d, as productve i.f 
 tnc worft confiquence in a line, where one map. 
 by bringing forward a flioulcer, may change the 
 direction of the march, and oblige the wirg of 
 a battalion to run, in order to keep drefled. 
 
 la 
 
 J 
 
J. 
 
 
 [ 
 
 ] 
 
 In fliorr, it is iiTjportible to liibour too much, 
 at makiii;' the loldier rnarch itrai-Lht forward, 
 keepir.g always the fame front iu when he let 
 off". — This is cft'edted by moving folely froni the 
 haunches, keeping ihc boJy Heady, tne fhoiil- 
 ders fi|uarc, and the head to the front ; and will 
 without dirficulty be attained, by a lhiv.t attenti- 
 on to the rulc« given for inarchinji, and a cireful 
 obler\ancc of an equal length ot l^cp, anJ ^n 
 equal cadence, or lime ot march. 
 
 Hanging from ordina y to quic.k tine^ -and 
 from quick to ordinary time, • uft always be pre- 
 ceded by a previous, but inrtantaneous, halt : 
 although this may not appear cflential for the 
 movements of a fqiiad, divilion, or batcalion, ic 
 is abfolutely fo for thofc of a larger body, and is 
 therefore required in I'mall ones. 
 
 Turning on the march, in order toco;.:inue 
 it, though inaccurate, and im;>r'jppr, for a large 
 body, is neCcl^ry. and vc::;[\ often be allowed, m 
 the movements of f'mall divifions in file, or front, 
 when connected with others in line, or column. 
 
 As helps for fixing the true time, r cadence 
 of the march, the plummet mufl be frequently 
 reforted to ; the words, left, rights may when 
 necelFary be repeated flowly for ordinary tiiiie, 
 and quicker for quick time. — Strong tajis ot the 
 drum, if in juit time, and regulated by tho plum- 
 met, may be allowed to be given immediately 
 before the word, March^ thereby to imprint liie 
 required meafure on the mind of the recruit ; 
 but they are on no account, or in any fituation, 
 to be given durin^; the march. 
 
 i:- 7. 
 
 s. xxxii. 
 
[ 28 ] 
 
 S. XXXII. 
 
 Opetty and Cloj'e Order, en the March. 
 
 THE fquad, when moving to the front in 
 ordinary ti ne, receives the word, Rear 
 ranks take open crder^ on which the front rank 
 continues its march, without altering the pace, 
 and tiie center, and rear ranks, maik the time, 
 viz. the center once, and fteps off" at the fecond 
 Itep ; the rtar ranic ilepping ofF on the third 
 
 pace. , /. , L 
 
 ^„- On the word Rear ranki take clcje order, the 
 
 M»^5 tAe cc.-.ter, and rear ranks, Itcp nimbly up to clofe 
 ' ' o-i^er, and inltantly refume the pace, at which 
 ine tVoiit rank has continued to march. 
 
 
 Hca 
 
 ,.;«■ LJUt! , 
 
 
 S. XXXIII. 
 March in File to a Flank. 
 
 THE accuracy of the march in file is fo eflTen- 
 tial in all deployments into line, and irt 
 the internal movements of the divifions of the 
 battalion, that the foldler cannot be too much 
 exercifed to it.— -The whole battalion, as well as 
 its oivifions, is required to make this flank move- 
 ment, without the lead opening out, or length- 
 ening: of the flic, and in perfcdl cadence, and 
 
 eauality of lU'p. T,yr l u 
 
 'After facirr^y and at the word, March, the 
 whole fquad Ittps oiTat the fame inftant, each 
 rcplacino-, or rather ovcr-ftepping the foot of the 
 man before him ; that is, the right foot of the 
 r.<.,,,vi nv.rs rones within the left foolof the hrlr, 
 
 and 
 
t 24 } 
 
 and tfius of everjr one, more or lefs over-lapping, 
 according to the dofencfs, or opennefs of the 
 filc% and the length of ftep, — The front rank 
 will march fl^raight along the given line, each 
 foldier of that ranic muft look along the neck$ of 
 thofe before him, and never to right, or left ', 
 otherwifc a waving of the march will take place, 
 arid of couife the lofs, and extenfion of line, and 
 diftance, whenever the body returns to its pro- 
 per front. — The center and rear ranks muit look 
 to, and regulate themfelves by, their leaders of 
 the front rank, and always drefs in their file.— • 
 Although file marching is in general made m 
 quick time j yet it muit alfo be pracStifed, and 
 made in ordinary time. The fame pofition of 
 feet, as above, takes place in all marching in 
 front, where the ranks are clofr, and locked up. 
 With a little attention and prai^ice this mode 
 of marching, which appears fo difficult, will be 
 found by every foldier to be ealier than the com- 
 mon method of marching by files, when on eve- 
 ry halt the rear mutl run up to gain the ground 
 it has unneceliarily loft. 
 
 S. XXXIV. 
 IFheeling in File, 
 
 THE fquad, whtn marching in file, mufl be 
 accullorntd lo wheel its head to either 
 f^ank , each nle following fucceilively, without 
 Icling, or encreafing diitance. — On this occafi- 
 cn, ea- h file makes its feparate whec!, on a pivot 
 »nove..ble in a very fmall degree, Sui without al- , 
 terin? its time of march, or the eves of the rear 
 
 E 3 faa«(^s 
 
L 30 J 
 
 ranks being turned from their front rank.— The 
 front rank men, whether they are pivot men, or 
 not, muft keep up to their di(lance, and the 
 wheeling men muft take a very extended ftep, 
 and lofe no time in moving on. 
 
 S. XXXV. 
 
 
 Yiiioaid, 
 
 Oblique marching in Front, 
 
 WHEN the fquad is marching in fronr, 
 and receives the word. To the rights 
 oblique ; each man, the firft time he raifes the 
 right foot, will, inftead of throwing it ftraight 
 forward, carry it in the diagonal diredion, as 
 has been already explained in Sert. VIII. taking 
 care not to alter the pofition of his body, Ihoul- 
 der?, or head.— The greateft attention is to be 
 paid to the fhoulders of every man in the fquad, 
 that they remain parallel to the line on which 
 they firi't were placed, and that the right (boul- 
 ders do not fall to the rear, which they are very 
 apt to do in obliquing to the right, and which 
 iminediately changes the dire6tion of the front. 
 On the word, forward^ the incline ceafes, and 
 the whole march forward. In obliquing to the 
 left, the fame rules are to be obferved, with the 
 difference of the left leg going to the left, and 
 attention to keeping up the leftfhoulder. 
 
 The fame inft:ut5tions that are given for ordi- 
 nary time, ferve alfo for quick time j but this 
 movement, though it may be made by a fquad, 
 or divifion, cannot be required from alargerbody. 
 
 Obliquing to the rigHt, is to be pradtifcd 
 fomctimes with th< eyes to the left j and ob- 
 liquing 
 
[ 31 J 
 
 liquing to the left, wuh the eyes to the right ; 
 as being abfolutely neceflkry on many occafions ; 
 for if one of the battalions of a line in advancing 
 be ordered to oblique to the right, or to the 
 left, the eyes muft ftill continue turned towards 
 its center. 
 
 S. XXXVI. 
 
 Obliqut Marching in File. 
 
 JN obliquing to the right, or left, by nies, the 
 center and rear rank men will continue 
 iking to their leaders of the front rank. Each 
 file is to coniider ttfelf as a rank entire, and is 
 to preferve the fame front, and pofition of the 
 (houlders, during the oblique, as before it be- 
 gan. This being a very ufeful movement, the 
 recruits are to be often pra6tifed in it. 
 
 s. xxxvn. 
 
 Wheeling forward from the Mali, 
 
 THE directions already given for the wheel- 
 ing of a Angle rank (vide, Set^. XIX.) 
 are to be ltri<^ly attended to in this wheel of the 
 fquad. Oi^ the word Right (or left) wheels thc/j; £,, 
 rear ranks, if at one pace distance, lock up. At wheels 
 the word, Mai^h^ the whole ftep together in 
 the quickeit ti(nc, and the rear ranks, during the 
 wheel, incline fo as to cover their proper front 
 rank men. At the word, //<?//, the whole re- 
 main perfciStly fteady. 
 
 ^»-^Txr I rTTT 
 
il 
 
 C 32 ] 
 s. xxxviir. 
 
 Wheeling backward, 
 
 THE Tquad mud be much pra£llfed in whecl- 
 ing backw?rd in the quickeft time. la 
 this wheel, the rear ranks may preferve their 
 diilanceofone pace from each other. Great 
 attention fliould be paid, to prevent the re- 
 cruits from fixing their eyes on the ground. — 
 (Vide Sea. XXI.) 
 
 S. XXXIX. i 
 
 Wheeling from the March, on a halted^ 
 and moveable Pivot, 
 
 THE directions for wheeling on a halted^ 
 and on a W(?T;<?d^/^ pivot, have already been 
 guen, in Sects. XX. and XXll. The fcjuad 
 fliould now be pradtifed in both, until the re- 
 cruits are thoroughly confirmed in thofe move- 
 ments. 
 
 ■'T- 
 
 S. XL. 
 
 Stepping cut, — Stepping Jhort, — Marking 
 thi itn\ — Chan>iing the leet, — ihe 
 Side Stfp, — b:epping back. 
 
 THE fquad muft likewife he practifcd in, 
 Jiepping cut^ f^tfi*'.^ Jhari^ inarkhig the 
 titm-^ chunpng the Jtety the fide Jep^ anJy/^p- 
 
» -^M 
 
 S™?*T^™ 
 
 [ 33 ] 
 
 ping baciy the initrudions for which have been 
 fully detailed in the foregoing fedions. 
 
 It cannot be too ftrongly inculcated, or too 
 often recoUeded, that upon the correct equality 
 ofmarchy eftablifhed and pra6lifed by all the 
 troops of the fame army, every juft movement 
 and manoeuvre depends. Wnen this is not at- 
 tended to, difunioMj and confufion, muft neccf- 
 farily take place, on the junction of feveral bat- 
 talions in corps i although, when taken indivi- 
 dually, each may be, in mod refpefts, well train- 
 ed. — It is in the original inftrudtlon of the re- 
 cruit, and fquad, that this great point i« to be 
 laboured at, and attained j the time and length of 
 ftep, on all occafions, are prefcribed.— The 
 TIME is infallibly afcertained, by the frequent 
 correftions of the plummet^ which, when fo ap- 
 plied, will foon give to each T»an that habitual 
 meafure fo much defired j and therefore every 
 driller muft have itconftantly in his hand j and, 
 as it has been already obferved, before any fquad, 
 or larger body, is put in march, 5 or 6 ftrongtaps 
 of the drum may be given, in exa6l time, as re- 
 gulated by the plummet, which will imprint the 
 true meafure on each ear, and prepare for taking 
 an accurate ftep at the word, AIarch.~—ThQ 
 length of ftep is only to be acquired by repeated 
 trial, and therefore, beiote the recruit, or fquad, 
 is put in motion each inftrudlor fliould afcertain 
 the fpace on which he is to drill his men ; he 
 will therefore (fuppoftng that he himfelf is accu- 
 rate in his paces, and that there is ground for that 
 purpofe) mrtfk out an oblong fquare, of 40 paces 
 by 20, or 30, the corners of which he will af- 
 certain by halberts, ftones, or in any other vifi- 
 ble manner j along the fides of this figure he will 
 
 Remark!. 
 
 
[ 3+ ] 
 
 march the pivot flank of this fquao', making cor- 
 rcd wheels, and halts at the angles — The time 
 of Mr.rch being lb exaclly afcertained, he will 
 then lee, that the fidsb of the oblong are gone 
 over at the known nun.ber ofileps i and if there 
 be any inaccuracy, he will lengthen or (horten 
 the Itep, till the fquad marches with the utmoft 
 precifion ; every man prefcrving his juft poli- 
 tion, and all the other indifpenfible attcnL'.ons in 
 marching being liridly obferved. — Where there 
 is a fufficiency of ground, the fquads will occaJi- 
 onally march over greater fpaces, but the dif- 
 tances fhould in the lame manner be exa£lly af- 
 certained, fo that there may be no doubt as to the 
 true length of the ftep. — In proportion to the 
 ftrcngth of fquads, or drills, one or more formed 
 foldiers fhould accompany each, to march on the 
 flank, give diftances, and, in other points, to re- 
 gulate the K;atioi]S of the dii!!. 
 
 End of Part I. 
 
 PART II. 
 Or THE Platoon, or Company. 
 
 S. XLI. 
 
 Formation of the Platoon, 
 
 THE recruit being thoroughly grounded in 
 all the preceding parts of the drill, is now 
 to be inftruitcd in the movements of the platoon, 
 
 as 
 
i*^jpil1l 
 
 [ 35 J 
 
 as a more Imirediate preparation for joining the 
 battalion : for this purpofc from lo to 20 files 
 rre to be affembled, formed, and told oft in the 
 following mar.ner, as a company in the battalion. 
 
 The platoon falls is it) three ranks, ai clofe Fall in. 
 order, with fhouldered hrelocks ; the files lightly 
 touching, but without crouding ; each man will 
 then occupy a fpace of about 22 inches. — The 
 commander of the platoon takes port on the 
 right of the front rank, covered by a ferjeant in 
 the rear rank. — Two other ferjeants will form 
 a fourth or fupernumerary rank, three paces 
 from the rear rank. 
 
 The platoon will be told off into fub-divifions, 
 and, if of kifficient ftrength, into four fedtions ; 
 but as a feciion (hould never be lefs than five 
 files, it will often happen that, for the purpofes 
 of march, three fciitions only can be formed. 
 
 1 he four beft trained foldiers are to be placed 
 in the Iront rank, on the right and left of each 
 fub-diviiion. 
 
 VVhen thus formed, the platoon will be prac- 
 tifeci in 
 
 cEg^of^" I Ranks. (Sec. 26 and 27.) 
 
 r to the front, Ibythr 
 
 Drefling^ to the rear, |'right,and 
 
 (^ in an oblique dire<5lion, J left ; 
 and be exercifcd in the feveral motions of the 
 firelock, as have been fhewn in the preceding 
 l)art. 
 
 Clofe order is the chief and primary orde • in 
 which the battalion, and its parts, at all times 
 alil'iTible, and form. — Open order is only re- 
 garded as an exception from it, and occafionally 
 
 ufed in fituations of parade, and licw. In 
 
 clofe order, the rear ranks are clofeo up to with- 
 
 in 
 
■i ( 
 
 t 36 ] 
 
 in one pace ; the length of which is to be taken 
 from the heels of one rank, to the heels of the 
 next rank. — In open order, they are two paces 
 diliant from each other. 
 
 In order to diftinguifh the words of command 
 given by the inftrui^or of the drill (who repre- 
 fents the commander of the battalior; ), from thofe 
 given by the commander of the platoon, its 
 divifions, the commands of the former a.e in 
 CAPITAL Letters, thofe of the latter in Italics, 
 
 £VES 
 
 Right, 
 March. 
 
 S. XLIL 
 Marching to the Front, 
 
 IN the drill of the platoon, the perfon inftru(5t- 
 ing muft always confider it as a company in 
 battalion, and regulate all its movements upon 
 that principle ; he will therefore, before he puts 
 it in motion to front, or rear, indicate which 
 flank is to dire6l, by giving the word. Eyes 
 Right, or Eyes Left ; and then, March. 
 — Should the right be the dire£ling flank, the 
 commander of the platoon himfelf will fix on ob- 
 jects to march upon, in a line truly perpendicular 
 to the front of the platoon ; and when the left 
 flank is ordered to direct, he and bis covering 
 ferjeant will fhift to the left of the front rank, and 
 take luch objcdls to march upon. — To March 
 on one objed only, and to preferve a flraight line, 
 is an operation not to be depended on ; thecon- 
 dudor of the platoon before the word, March, is 
 giveij, will therefore endeavour to remark fome 
 diflindt objetSt on the ground, in his own front, 
 
 and 
 
[ 37 J 
 
 * f 
 
 anJ perpendicular to the dirccling fijiik : he 
 will then obferve fome nearer and intermediate 
 poin tin the fame line,fuch asa (tone, tutt of t^ral, 
 Sec. ; thefe he will move upon with accuracy, 
 and, as he approaches the ncurcll of thole points, 
 he muft from time to time chufc frcfh orics, in 
 the original direilion, which he wiil by this 
 means prefer ve, never having fewer thati twofuch 
 points to move upon. If no object in the trui: 
 line can be afcertained, his own fquarenefs of 
 perfon muft determine the dire(5lion of the march. 
 
 A pcrlon placed in the rear of a body can, 
 more readily than if placed in its front, deter- 
 mine the line which is perpendicular to fuch 
 front; and, could we fuppofe ranks and files :i^r>:': 
 perfcii^ly correct, the prolongation of cacl: nlc 
 would be a perpendicular to the rront of the uodv. 
 
 As tlie March of every body, except in the 
 cafe of incliniiig, is made on lines perpendicular 
 to it,^ diea front, t^ach individual conipoling tha' 
 body tr.u;^ in his perion be placed, and ren'.ain 
 perfectly fc^uare to the given iiiie ; orliervviie he. 
 wili naturally and infenhbly move in a direction 
 perpendicular to his own r.f.'fon, and thereby o- 
 pen out, or clofe in, according to the manner :;i 
 which he is turned from ti.e t; ue point of hi.> 
 March. — If the di(!o;:ion of a fingle n^Mi ope- 
 rates In this manner, And all turnings of the l^eaJ 
 60 fo dillort him, it maybe eafily imagined wl:;:': 
 that of feveral will occafion, each of whom is 
 marching on a difFeier.t fionr, and whofe liiic-- 
 of direction aic croflin^^ e.icn other. 
 
 Accuracy and fquarenef> of pofition, the equa- 
 lity of cadence and flep, the light touch of the 
 filc!^, which is never to be rclinquiflied, juft dif- 
 tance?, and true lines of movement, will give, 
 without apparent conliraint, the head bi.ing 
 
 •t* luincJ, 
 
C 3'^ J 
 
 turnec', or the Irnft trouble faken in drcHln-, the 
 i; oil cicciC/ve cx;tctne(s in the marches, ai;J on'c- 
 LitioMs, (it the lar^jeli bodie«. 
 
 I ne pidto'-n, cJurin^ lis ujarch in h'nc will oc- 
 calL-uaJIy be oitictcJ lo 
 
 '/'•/'' Gi:t 
 
 Ahirk trne 
 
 Si^^ jhort 
 
 i)pfn^ and cloj'e ranks 
 
 OiUqUS 
 
 vide Seift. 
 
 £0 
 I I 
 
 1 2 
 
 35 
 
 S. XLIII. 
 
 V ■ 
 
 K ; G H 1 
 
 CLOSE. 
 
 Marc:;. 
 Halt. 
 
 Ti 
 
 The Side Step, 
 
 '.II; /,/,', or clojh!^ /Icp, m a ll alfo be nequent- 
 Iv ! r.i:(i[tdi it is very ntcellary, and ufefuluii 
 r:...i,y (iccihons, when halted, ;ind when a very 
 
 fmali dut.iiK'c is to be moved to either flank : 
 
 As for iiiiiancc, to open, or dole files ; to join 
 oi:C vii\i!i()u to, or open it from another ; to re- 
 g<.;n cJ!) interval in lir.e ; to n.ove a whole bat- 
 talion, or p::radc, ?.o, or 33 paces to a flank ; to 
 repulate diliances between clofe columns, before 
 dc-l -viii- : — alterations mude in this manner are 
 imptrctpiibic from the hont, and better made, 
 than by fucing, and hie marching : the words of 
 con^mai.d muft be decided, and l^rong. 
 
 \\\\^\\ tl,e whole platoon is to clofe, at the 
 J^gh" vvo:.!,'ro the right cl^se, ihe platoon offi- 
 cer taices Oi-,e Itej) to thefroiu and inlt.ntly faces 
 about, the cGvc.'ing L-rjcant replacing him ; On 
 t:ie word, March, the wboie move together 
 agreeably to the directions (in Se^fK 14.). On 
 the wcrd, Halt, the platoon oflicer relumes his 
 
 plac», 
 
r 3) ] 
 
 phce, h.ivin- ftcpped in the lame nunncr as the 
 nu-n, b'it froiuing them, anJ thereby aiiilUJ ni 
 l)tt(cTving the dircdion. 
 
 S. XLIV. 
 
 The Bcuk Step, 
 
 THE platoon mufl br accLilomeJ {rc.^^^ ihe 
 hJr, at the words Sn-p .ixcx, MarcHj^tm 
 to itep back any orJercJ n.i,,.!- ■, „f p.^cc-s ii, tho n.-.c^ 
 ordinaiy time, and length, a. it is „n op.-...r '.m 
 that may be irMjucntly rt^uiud fr .';-r,,i b.:tlaM.M. 
 
 1 A H ^ H. 
 
 S. XLV. 
 
 IN marching by files, the convnandcr of the 
 platoon v.ill Icadtl)^ front raiK ; thcrc-ro-c 
 when the movement is by tne J.-fr, o') the word, 
 loTHE LETT FACR, he and his covcrin ' !e, .\ 
 jcant, vviH mitantly ihi/t to the left (la-i< ot th.. kI^ 
 platoon i a: the word, (^uick march, i:,.^ 
 wbde iieps ofT together (v.de A::l. :8. , ,' and S^Vc^, 
 on_thc word, Halt, tro^t, the IcjJ.r, and his.... 
 lerjcant, wili return to tiicir poils "- '^^^ • ■• -" "• 
 
 ox; the lignt. 
 
 I 
 
 S. XLVI. 
 irheciiK'^ from a Halt. 
 
 "-.^ wheeling rather forward, or b,->c!<^.-ard ?-c.'y^ 
 a halt, tne commander of the platoon, on toe 
 
 ¥ 2 
 
 woi a, 
 
K J r, II •; 
 V/ 'l t F 
 
 Ma... 
 
 /'.(.V, 
 
 I, 
 
 Uf 
 
 T? Y • '.■ • - 
 
 I; i V I -. I - 
 ^ I. E 
 
 r". 1 «. •! T 
 
 W'liElL. 
 
 Makch. 
 
 /' - 
 .'I,-.- '. 
 
 r 4« J 
 
 wo:\lj RiGMT oa lf.j-t wn'f.F.i., mov?:, out,'and 
 places hinii'clf" one p.;ce in /Voni of thv center of 
 h^<^ pl.itoon : during the wheel, he turns towards 
 his mei), and inclines towards that flank wl>ich 
 has been n.imcd as the direciir j, or pivot one, 
 giving tiic \vord, Z/^//, ^"Js^ when his wheel- 
 ing nun has jult complcated the required de- 
 cree of wheel : he then Uj'iares Iiis platoon, but 
 v'.itho'.it moving what w^s the Itanding flank, 
 a. id tak'Js liis poll on the now Jirctfting flank. 
 
 S. Xi.VH. 
 
 />' 'if'c.i/i^ f-jrivard by Sub-divi/ions from 
 
 Line. 
 
 ON the word, By sub-divisioss, to the 
 RIGHT WHEKL, the coiniiiaiidcr of the 
 platoon places hinifelf one pace in front of the 
 center of the right fub-divifion, at the fame time 
 the men on the rignt of the fiont rank of each 
 iub-divifinn face to the righ 
 
 At the word, March, each fub-divifion fteps 
 off in wheeling time, obl'erving the diredtions gi- 
 ven in (Se<5t. 19 and 37). The commander of 
 the platoon turning towards the men of the lead- 
 ina (ub-divifion, and inclining to its left (the 
 proper pivi.t flank), gives the word, Hult^Drcf^^ 
 for both !'uO-divi:ions, as his wheeling man is 
 taking the lall n cp th;ir finiihes the wheel fquare; 
 ;.i,d liilifintlv f>ults hiiDlclf on the left, the pivot 
 Hank. — Th'.* ieijcan: covercr, during the wheel 
 ^■jL=i round by the re;.,', and t.'.kes pnitnnthe pi- 
 v( t llank of the fet^'Jiiii lub-di . i!'on.---It is to be 
 obfervtL'. '.hat the co;:.tiiander of ti:c platoon in- 
 
 -¥■ ^ 
 
 > 
 
 > I ♦ 
 
 \ i^t i.%w% f 
 
 f M 
 
•► « 
 
 C 41 J 
 
 variably takes poft with the leading fub-fJividon ; 
 therefore, when the platoon wheels by fub-divi- 
 fions to the left, the commander of the platoon 
 moves out to the center of the left fub-divifionv 
 and during the wheel inclines towards the right, 
 now become the proper pivot flunks of the fub- 
 divifions. 
 
 The proper pivot flank in column is that 
 which, when wheeled up to, preferves the Jivi- 
 fions of the lina ir '"^t natural order, and to their 
 proper front : the cuier may be called the rtvirle 
 flank. ^ 
 
 In column, ..vifions cover and drefs to the 
 proper pivot flank : to the left when the right is 
 in front : and to the right when tl 2 left is in 
 front. 
 
 
 s. xLvm. 
 
 IFheeling backward by Sub-div'/iom from 
 
 Line. 
 
 ' I ^'^E platoon will alfo break into open co- 
 X ' *''' i>ffub-divirions by wheeling buck- 
 ward- .en the right is intejidcd to be in 
 front .. the word, By sub-d'visions, o 
 
 YOUR I.£FT, RACKWARD WHEx, , the COi .^''•'^'- 
 
 mandcr of the platoon moves out brilkly a l"^''"'* 
 places himfelf in front of the center of .he right VIW 
 fub-divifion,— The man on tiie left of die front "^'^'^- 
 rank of each fub-divilion at the fame time faces •'^"'' 
 to the right. v%Hf^i.. 
 
 On the word, March, each fuO-diviHon m 
 wheels backward in quickefl time, asdireacd in ' 
 bc^t. 21, nnd Sect. 38. During the wheel, the 
 commander of the platoon turns towards h.s 
 
 * S men. 
 
 . K t H . 
 

 I 42 1 
 
 men, 'nclining at the fame time to the left, or pi- 
 viyjc flank, and on cotnplcating the wheel, gives 
 the word, Ha/t^ Drefsy to both divifions ; he, 
 and his covering ferjeant, then place thenilclves 
 on the left flanks of :heir fub-divifions. 
 
 It may be confidered as a rule almoft gener.il 
 (the reafons tor which are given in the following 
 part) that all wheels of the battalion, or line, 
 (when halted and when the divTions do not ex- 
 ceed . 6, or 18 hies,) into column, f.iould be 
 backv/jrd. — And all wheels from column into 
 line, forward. — The only necefl'ary exceptions 
 feeiT) to be in narro'.v ground v re there is not 
 jooin for fuch wheels. 
 
 S. XLIX. 
 
 Marching on an /H'gnementj in Optn Co- 
 ,um» of iSub' divifions. 
 
 ri~y\\Y. f (atoon having wheeled backwards by 
 J_ fub- divifions from iinr, (as dirciled in the 
 foregoing Sec'lion) and a diltant marked obje«5t 
 in the prolongation of the two pivotflanks bc-'ng 
 tak;;n j the commander of the plaioon, who is 
 now on the pivot flank of the leading fub-divi- 
 f:on, immediately fixes on his intermediate points 
 to march on, (vide Se£l. 42.) On the word, 
 M, ncH, given by the inltrudlor of the drill, 
 both uivi'<ons ftcp off at the fame inftant ; the 
 leader of the firft divifion marching with the ut- 
 inoft fteadinefsand equality of pace on the points 
 he has taken \ and the commander of the fecond 
 diviiion pieferving the leader of the Hrfl in an 
 
 cxa<fi line u!*h the diftant obie^l \ at the lame 
 
 - - — , — .. .- ^. ^ — 
 
 time 
 
 **t5s- 
 
 ^mxi 
 
[ 43 3 
 
 time he keeps the di fiance nccefTary for farming 
 from the preceding divifion , which diftancc is 
 to be taken from the front rank. — T. efe objeas 
 are in themfelves fulKcient to occupy the whole 
 attention of the leaders of the two divifions ; 
 therefore they mult not look to, nor endeavour 
 to correa, the march of their divilions, which 
 care mull be entirely left to the non-commi/Ii- 
 oned oJficers of the fupernumerary rank. 
 
 *-"5b-# 
 
 
 S. L. 
 
 ^''heeling into Line from Open Column of 
 Sub-divifions, 
 
 THE platooci being in open column of fub- 
 divifions, marching at the ordinary ftep on 
 tne alignement, receives the word Halt, from Halt. 
 thv inftruao; of the drill j bothdivilions inftant- 
 ly halt, and the inftruaoi tees that the leaders 
 of the divifions are correct on the line in which 
 they have moved ; he then gives the word (fup- 
 poftngthe right of the platoon to be in r-ont) by 
 ft -d;vilions To the left wheel andlift 
 t jRM; on which the commander of the platoon wmiL 
 goes to the center of his fub-divifion, the two'''*'* 
 pivot men face to their left exadly .^uare with""**** 
 the ahgntment, aad a ferjeant runs out and 
 piacei himfelfin a line with them, fo as to mark 
 the preciie point at which the right flank of the 
 leading fub-divifjon is to halt, when it fhal! have 
 compl.-ited its wheel— At the word, March,Ma*ch. 
 the whole wheel up in quickeft time j during 
 the whee', the commander of the platoon, ti-rn- 
 
 flank. 
 
[ 44 ] 
 
 Dreji. 
 
 fiank, and gives the word, Halt, Drefs, at the 
 moment the wheel ofthedivifion is compleatinc 
 the commander of the platoon, if neceffary, cor- 
 reas the internal dreffing of the platoon on the 
 lerieant and pivot men ; this dreffing mud be 
 quickly made, and when done, the commander 
 o/ the platoon gives the word, Eyis front, in a 
 Bynfr^nt. moderate tone of voic-, and takes polt in line as 
 diredted in SciSJ. 41. 
 
 In all wheels of the divifion of a column U\- 
 thcr from the halt, or from the m^irch), that arc 
 made on a halted pivot ; the flank firelock of the 
 front rank on the hand wheeled to, is fuch pi- 
 vot, not the officer who may be on that flank, 
 and whofe bufinefs it is to conform to it. 
 
 Ail wheelings by fub-.^ivif,ons, or feaions, 
 from line into column, or from column into line, 
 are performed on the - ord given by the com- 
 mander of a battalion, when the whole of a bat- 
 tal.on is at the fame inftant fo to wheel, or on 
 
 the word given by the commander of thecompa. 
 ny, when companies lingly, or fucceffively, fo 
 wheel: they are not to be repeated by the 
 leaders of its divifions. ' ' 
 
 ffbuU 
 
 S. LI. 
 
 In Open Column cf Suh-diiifions wbetling 
 into an Alignement. 
 
 IHE platoon being in open column of fub- 
 
 X diyihons, marching in ordinary time; 
 
 wncn Its leading divihon arrives at the ground 
 
 ^h.re the -Awheel is to commence, it receives the 
 
 word Kig.t, or left, whed, from its commander j 
 
 OA 
 
[ 45 ] 
 
 on which tne rear ranks, if at one pace Jiftancc, 
 lock up ; the flank front rank man alone halts, 
 and faces into the new direaion, while the o- 
 thers quicken their pace to the wheeling time, 
 and regulate their ftep by .he outward hand f to 
 which they have turned their eyes), until the 
 \vheel ^ compleated.— He then gives the word, 
 tla.t, Drejs, for his divifion to drefs to the hand Ha't 
 Jt IS to move by ; and whenever the {econd divi- -0'(/V. 
 lion, wh;ch has continued to advance in ordina- 
 ry time, arrives clofe on the wheeiina point, he 
 gives his divilion the word, March, and movesMarcb 
 on in ordinary time, fo as its rear rank does no: 
 occahon even a momentary ftop to the divifion 
 behind it, which at that inftant receives the 
 ^ox^. Wheel, then. Halt, Drejs, and finally, ;rw. 
 March, whenever the leading divifion has eain--^"/'. 
 cd Its proper diflance from it. ^''f'' 
 
 The officer condufting the leading (and every^''"'*' 
 other) divifion of the column in march, on any 
 given point or objecl where it is to wheel into a 
 new direaion, and to its proper pivot hand on a 
 halted pivor, always ftops at that point, or ob- 
 jea, clofe on his own outward hand, and gives 
 the word. Wheel, when the front rank of his 
 divifion has taken one pace beyond fuch ohiea ; 
 he thus allows fpace for his own perfon (when 
 the wheel is fini/hed) to move on clofe behind 
 the new direaion of march. 
 
 i:ut if the proper pivot flank is to be the 
 wheeling one, each commander of a divifion 
 gives his word, JFheel, as he fucceffively arrives 
 at fuch a diiiance from the point on which he has 
 nioved, as that at the completion of the wheel, 
 his divifion may halt perpendicular to the new 
 Ime, but with the given point, of courfe, behind 
 
 rh 
 
 r*i*jw»*»r tifir^t^ 
 
 •u» liu aik\j 111 ms own 
 ueri'ori 
 
[ 40 ] 
 
 :rf^iion, prepare- 
 
 to give 
 
 perfoii be on th'' nev 
 
 his word, Mjrc',\ and to proceed. 
 
 ^ The rear rani:s if at one pace diflance muft 
 '-'oic up at the word, IVhcd^ and duiinir tnc wheel 
 tJicy incline, fo as to cover their proper front 
 ranic men. 
 
 The fub-divifions ir-uft take care that thcf 
 continue their inarch correctly upon, ar.d wheel 
 cxaf^Iy at, the point where the IcaJing one 
 wheeled, and that they do not Hiik to cither 
 n..n!c, which wi 'iout inuch attention they are 
 apt to do. 
 
 In this manner the fub-divifions fucceed each 
 other; and if thie words of command he jultiy 
 given ; no flop made on arriving at the wheel- 
 ing point; the wheels performed at an incrcafed 
 time and Uep ; and the proper halt, dreifing, and 
 paufe, he made after the wheel ; no exteniion of 
 the ccluir.n wjji i?;lcc place, but thejuft dillanccs 
 between the divilions will be prcfcrved. 
 
 Tf he officer condud^ing the directing flank of 
 a diviiion may during the wheel be advanced one 
 or two paces before it, and remain {o^ facing 
 to the flank, that he may the more critically be 
 enabled to give his word, Halt \ at which' in- 
 itant, he Wiii again place himfelf on the flank 
 ready to judge his diftance, and to give the word 
 March, 
 
 S. LII. 
 
 Jn Open Column of Sub-dlvificnSy whet' ling 
 into a new Dirc^to:i, on a moveai'le Pivot. 
 
 THE commander of the leadin<i fub-divifi- 
 on, when at a due diftaucc- ironi the in- 
 tended 
 
I M ] 
 
 tenaeJ nevv clircaion, vvi'l give the word, Ri^ht r^,, 
 
 or left) ^..^vV.; yi^c.^.^viJe Sea. 22), l^^L. 
 h'- himfelf carefully prelerving the rate of march, --"'• 
 w.thoutthe l.alt aheration of «cp or time, will 
 iH-in to circle ■u^ his own perfoi, fro,n the old 
 into the new direction, fo as not to make a„ ab- 
 rupt wheel, or that either flank fliall be ftation- 
 nry ; the rell of his diviiion on the principle of 
 dreffing will conform to the direction he is gi- 
 ^^ng them : when this is efFeaed he will .fve 
 the word, Forward.-T^^ leader of the fecondF..w 
 r-.b-d.v,fion, whenhe arrives at the ground oa 
 wh.ch the nrft began to wheel, will in this man- 
 ner follow tne exaa traa of the firll, always 
 prelerv.ng bis proper diflance from him. 
 
 Ihus without thecor.ftraint of formal wheels; 
 a column when not confined on its flanks, may 
 beconduaed in all kinds of winding and cnange! 
 able directions : for .f the changes be made ^ra- 
 du andurcl.ng, and :hat the pivot leader? of 
 ^ .iiionspurfue their proper path, at the f^me 
 -^nirur.T, tqu.lpace, the true diftances of divi- 
 iions win be preferved, which is the great re-^u- 
 iutin- objecl on this occafion, and to which et'e- 
 /y othc. conhderation mult: give way. 
 
 S. LIII. 
 Countermarch by Files, 
 
 THE platooo, v/hen it is to countermarch, 
 n-;u(t alwavs be confidercd as a diviiion of 
 auattal.on in column ; the infta.aion of the 
 dri.l will therefore, previous to his uivinir the 
 caution to^ countermarch, lignify wuether the 
 iiuj.pujcutu be in front, that the 
 
 commander 
 
 vt IVI V i 
 
[ 46 ] 
 
 1! 
 
 ft 
 
 — pAcri 
 
 Quick 
 Makch. 
 
 Dnfi. 
 
 commander of the platoon, and his covering 
 ferjeant, may be placed on the pivot flank., be- 
 fore fuch caution is given, as it is an invariable 
 rule in the countermarch of the divifions of a 
 column by files, that the facings be made from 
 the flanlc, then the pivot one, to the one which 
 is to become fuch. 
 
 On the word, To the right, or left face, 
 the platoon faces, the commander of it imme- 
 diately goes to the other flank, and his covering 
 ferjeant, advancing to the fpot which he has 
 qm'tted, faces to the right about. At the word. 
 Quick march, the whole, except the ferjeant 
 coverer, fteps off together, the platoon officer 
 wheeling (hort round the rear rank (viz. to his 
 right, if he has (hifted to the right of the pla- 
 toon ; or to his left, if he be on the left of it ; ) 
 and proceeds, followed by the platoon in file, 
 till he has conJu£led his pivot front rank man 
 clofc to his ferjeant, who has remained immo\ e- 
 able ; he then gives the words, Halty Ficnt^ 
 and Drefs ; fquares, and clofes his platoon oji 
 his ferjeant, and then replaces him. 
 
 AH countermarches by files necefiarily tend 
 to an extenfion of the files ; unity of ftcp is 
 therefore abfolutely indifpenfible, and the great- 
 eft care muft be taken, that the ^^heel of eacii 
 file be made clofe, quick, and at an increafed 
 lengtli ot ftepof the wheeling man, fo as not to 
 retard or lengthen out the march of the whole. 
 
 S. LIV. 
 IVhetling on the Center of the Platoon, 
 
 HE platoon muft be accuftomed to wheel 
 upon its center, half backward, half for • 
 
 ward. 
 
 T 
 
-*-^.* 
 
 [ 49 J 
 
 ward, and to be pliable into every fhape, which 
 circumflanccs can require of it ; but always ii 
 order, and by a decided conin.and. 
 
 The Woids of command are, 
 
 Platoon, on- 
 
 Ce\ 
 
 YOUR 
 
 TERTO '1 HE 
 
 Rl .HT, 
 
 Let r, 
 
 Right abjut, 
 
 Left about, 
 
 VVh'IF.L. 
 
 When the wheel to be made is to the rt;.'ht, 
 or riiiht about, the right half platoon is the omc 
 to wheel backward, and the left for^-ard : — 1 he 
 rev'trfe will take place, when the wheel is to be 
 
 in a 
 
 de to the left, or to the left about. — On tl 
 
 word March, the whole move together in ihef-'^T 
 quickeli time, regulating by the two llank mt- 
 
 n. 
 
 who during the wheel prcferve th^'mlLlves in a 
 line with the center of the platoon ; — as foon as 
 the required degree of wheel is pctformed, the 
 co'Tjinander of the [.latOi).i gives the word, H<jlt, fJ'^^u 
 Drefs^ and intfantlv f.]ii ires it fro.n that flank/'* '•' 
 on waitn he hirnfelf is to lai^e poii. 
 
 S. LV. 
 
 T'lE inftru.:}or »>f the drill will hnve the ob- 
 lique march freqaen.ly practifcd, in p!a- 
 t-ni, in ijb-diviiion'^, .uid in hi. : (Vide bcii. 
 XXXV. XXXV'I.) lie will Ice when in di.i- 
 l.ons. thatilie w^v i.mks luck well u|», and cover 
 (•xu'tlvi — v.ien i 1 file, ihit lh>i exuci Jillancur. 
 arc prcf.Tved btvve^'n tht fiK -. \ — r-nJ in both 
 t;.fe^, t uit th^ • 1 ttui ij duri;5g its luaich, con- 
 tinues parallel i.> the polition fio.n which it 
 coaiuiLiictd obliciulr.:!. 
 

 Form 
 P ! A T on* 
 
 i ■:ue. 
 
 F Jr-ujrJ. 
 Dre/i. 
 
 Form 
 S f B - D r - 
 
 VISION'. 
 
 Lfft I'ub- 
 dii'fin. 
 
 face. 
 \u-i 
 Manh. 
 
 Halt, 
 frovt^ left 
 
 drej:. '' 
 
 [ 50 ] 
 S. LVf. 
 
 Increcfing and dlmhiijhivg the Trent of an 
 Oj'en Column loaited, 
 
 Incrcofir, ^, 
 
 TfJF platoon Handing j.i open cc^lumn of 
 liib-uiviiions (fupj)ole the n'uht in front), 
 reiruives from the initruaor of the dnll, a caution 
 to FORM PLATouN. 'Jhc Commander of the 
 •platoon inft.-intiy order?, Rear fub-drotfr.n, to the 
 Jijt obii^uc, qrick march. When it has obliqued 
 lo as to open n. right flank, he gives the word, 
 rTj'' -' "^''"^ "" '^^ arriving in aline with the 
 hrftdu.hon, he orders, Unit, Drefs, and takes 
 poit on the left, the pivot flank of the platoon. 
 
 Dimin'ijhing, 
 
 On the cautionary command from the inftruc- 
 
 torof the drill, to form sub-divisioxs, the 
 
 commander o\ the platoon orderf, Left fub- 
 
 dru^Jion to the ri;bt face ; a;.d ii.fbntlyon facing, 
 
 he three leading hies difen.age to the rear, the 
 
 Icrjcnntcoverer running round to head then. :— 
 
 On tne word, ^fuk march, the ferjeant con- 
 
 duLts tne iub-d.viiion in file, to .ts proper dif- 
 
 t:'.:ice in rear of the firft fub-divihon.—l he 
 
 commander of the pLtoon having moved to 
 
 tue left flank of the leading divifion, as foon as 
 
 he iees the rear file of the fecond in a line with 
 
 his own perfon, gives the words Halt, Front, 
 
 ^n^Left, Dr.'Js. T\, fe.jcant coverer at the 
 
 lame time moves briil;y to his poft on the left 
 
 Jianko. the rear (ub-divifion, and fquares it. 
 
 It IS to be oblerved as a general rule, in dimi- 
 niihing the front of a column, bv the doubling 
 of fub-d.vmons, orfeaions, (whether the co- 
 
 luinn- 
 
C 51 J 
 
 lumn, h2 }j:iited, or in motion) thit the fub- 
 diviiiori, or ledioii, on the reverie H.ii;k, is the 
 one bc-hiiiJ which the other i'lib-divilion, or ruc- 
 tions doulile ; thus, when the rii^ht i^ in front. 
 
 th( 
 
 ,j 
 
 lb! 
 
 e cj mD.Mnij Will DC in rear o 
 
 >f th 
 
 e T\2. 
 
 ht d 
 
 iviuon ; 
 
 and, vice verfa, when the left i^ in front ; by 
 which mcins, the colimn i? at all times in a 
 fitiiiition to form line to the flank, with its di- 
 vifions in their natural order,, by limply wheel- 
 ing up on the pivot flanks. — And 
 the front of a column, the rea 
 
 111 eiicrcaliniT 
 
 r fub. 
 
 uivilions. 
 
 or fe6tions, oblique to the hand the pivot flank: 
 is on ; To that when t'.e right is in front, tiie 
 obliquing will be to tiie le/t ; .ir.d the revcrfe 
 wljcn the ItU is in front. 
 
 S. I.VII. 
 
 Jncreajifig atid diminijhing the Front of an 
 Open Column on the Alarcb, 
 
 Increafmg, 
 
 THE platoon marching at the ordinary time 
 in open column of fub-divifions (fuppole 
 \ the rigiit in front), receive* from the imtructor 
 
 of the drill the ca Jtionary command form pla- Fo«m 
 y ^ TOON J the commander of the platoon initantly ^'■*^'^-^** 
 
 gives the words, L'ft oblique — quick march \ on I'fr oU 
 which the rear fub-divilion obliques to the left,//^. 
 and as foon «s its right flank is open, receives ^'^* 
 the word For^iuird. — When it gets up to the firil FolZ/rd. 
 fub-diviiion (which has continued to march, 
 with the utmoit fi adinci's, at the ordinary pace), 
 the commander of th'> platoon gives the words, 
 
 // 
 
 A7.,,-.-K 
 
 
 ^ 2 
 
 D; 
 
 minijuing 
 
 Manh* 
 
 f. mkti 
 
[ 52 ] 
 
 F 1M 
 
 VIRIONS. 
 
 Lift ul. 
 a.v.il '.-, 
 Ma'k ti<nt 
 
 hjUf, 
 
 Foi-warJ, 
 
 
 Dimiuilhin/, 
 
 \V'hei» the inflrurtor of the drill gives rhe 
 caution ta form suii-DivisiONj,the coinnianJer 
 of the platoon immediately orders, Left fub- 
 divijhn^ mark irm \ tiiis it docs until tlie right 
 one, which continues its march fleadily at the 
 .ordinary p^cr, ha^ cleared its flank; he th»n 
 Siui k (^. orders the left fub-diviiion, S^tlck oblique, anJ 
 when he perceives that it is doubled properly 
 behind the right one, he gives the word, For- 
 vjari-i, on which ir takes up the ordinary march, 
 and follows at its dje diliancc. 
 
 The fme direc'tions that ap^^Iy to encreafing 
 or diniir.i.liinj^ by fuh-divifions, apply equally by 
 rations, which individually repeat t!ie lame ope- 
 iati(Mis. 
 
 The words for the fub-divifions or fecflions, 
 encreafinL'' or diiniMi.bin;^ the front of a column, 
 are given by the co.umander of the company; 
 and not repeated by th' fe of its divifions. 
 
 Incrcafiii^ and reducing the front of a column, 
 is an op-ration that will frequently occur in the 
 masch of large bodies ; and it is of the utmolk 
 importance that it be performed with exad^nefs. 
 — The inltructor of tiie drill muft therefore be 
 particularly attentive, that the tranfition f n 
 one fituation to the other be made as quick as 
 pollible; that the leading divifion continues its 
 march at the regular time, and length of pace> 
 and the exa(5l diltances between the divifions be 
 accur.'.teiy orefervcd. — -During the operation, 
 the rafik^ mud be clofed, arms carried, and the 
 greateit attention required from each individual. 
 
 c T \7TTT 
 
C 53 ] 
 
 S. LVill. 
 
 The Platoon in Open Column of Suh-divi- 
 Jinns to pajs a Jhori Dcjile^ by breaking 
 off Files. 
 
 THE platoon is fuppDrt.-:! in open colu'm ot 
 fub-Jiviiions, witli the right in fioiic, 
 marching in ordinary tunc ; when the leading 
 divifion is arrived within a few paces of the de- 
 file, it receives from tlie inltruCtor of the drill a.i w^iak 
 order to break off a certain number of iiks, • '^ f 
 (fuppofe three). The conmandcr of the leading [| '^^y\ 
 divihon inllantly gives the words, Three tiles oni,,,^ 
 the lefty n.^ht turn ; the named iil-.s i.'n'TT.-Jiitely/' '. "g~t 
 turn to their right, and wheel oat in re ir ct tiie""'^* 
 three adjoining; files. — \ he coinmanJ(.-r '>f the 
 fub-diviiion hinifelf clofes into the Pur)'; of r .s 
 part formed. — \V''';)en the ieconvi lab -d: viir>.i 
 comes to t!ie fp'>t where the hrii divilion con- 
 k tr-icted us fioni, it will receive the i.iue v.'or Js 
 
 Hl^i^ of command irom it?; own lead.r, and vvll pi o- 
 ceed in like n^annrr. 
 
 Should it be required to diminifli the Iront of 
 the column, one or two hies more, the co-ti- 
 mandcr of the Icailing diviiion will, as betorc, 
 order trie defired nu aber of files to turn; on /'™i/'''t, 
 wh ch thole already in the rear will incline to'-s f^^"" 
 their r'^ht, fo as to cover the tiles now ordered 
 to brei*lc off, and whiwh are wheeling out in ine 
 manner already prelenbed. 
 
 In this movement t.^e hies in the rL'ar of the 
 fub-diviiion? mufl look well up, fo as not to im- 
 pede the inarch of the lucceeding divinoii. 
 
 Asthed^hie widens (or the inlfructor of tne 
 drill ihail direct) ttie commander of ihc leading 
 iub-Uivif(on, will order files to move up to the 
 
 G 3 iront, 
 
, I 
 
 \ 
 
 [ 54 ] 
 
 thuejil I front, by giving the word, One^ tivo^ cr three 
 tiiffn':: fil^.^ to the front ; on which the named tile^ turn 
 to their froiK(thc lelt) and lengthening their pace, 
 iiivirch up, flic by file, to tl>c *''ont of their fub- 
 (iivilion, ard immedi.nc!y re''.;-.c the ordinary 
 picc. — 1 hufe hl'-s whi K art .j continue in the 
 icar will (oblique to fh lengthening alio 
 
 thtir liip, till they ccv. , i arc doled uplo 
 the three iiles on thi Icfi Hunk of their lub- 
 divihun. 
 
 1 5 A T. T , 
 
 i HON •^ 
 
 1 --T 
 
 B ■ r t - 
 •.V '•. R r^ 
 w •■'. r r : 
 Marc 
 
 S. LIX. 
 
 MarLhing tn S^iick Tine, 
 
 THE plau)r)n nuift freq-jently be practifed 
 tomaich in q-iick time, particula. ly in 
 Tile, ujitil the men have acquired the utmofl 
 ; -jcifion in this ir.ovement, which is fo eHcntial 
 i;i all deployments from clofe column. — The 
 pl.itcon will alfooccafionally be marched in front 
 Lit the f.in.c ih'p, as it may be fometimcs requi- 
 red ironi fai«Il bodies. 
 
 S. LX. 
 
 Forminz to the Front from File, 
 
 / T^'H^ pbtoon when marching in file may 
 J ''orm J its front, either in feilions, fab- 
 div Pons, or in platoon.- The right flanlc being 
 fuppoivU to lead, on the word, Halt, front, 
 the platoon inflantly haltc, and faces to its left ; 
 the woid is then given. By sections sub- 
 
 DIVIiIOi>S, cr PLATOON, ON YOUR LEFT RACK- 
 WARD WHEEL, and at the word March, the 
 wheel ordered is made in the manner directed in 
 
 Sea. XLVIII. 
 
 But 
 
m 
 
 J 1 
 
 I 55 ] 
 
 But in fituat'ons where it may have bcsn ne- 
 ccfl'ary to order an extenhon of fiiei;, (fuch as 
 will loinctimes occur in marching through the 
 ftreets of a town) a body thus moving, in order 
 to avoid incorrect dillanccsbctWv:en thedivifions, 
 may form to the front in the following rnznncr, 
 cither by platoon, fub-divifions, or fcilions. — 
 On the word, To the front form platoon; Front 
 the front rank man of the leading file alone halts, F rm 
 and is iiiftantly covered by his center and r:ar '"'* " 
 rank men ; every other file of the platoon makes 
 a half face to the left, and fucccllively moving 
 up, ilrefTcs on the ri,^ht file ; when the com- 
 mander of the platoon fees it is properly drelfed, 
 he gives the word, Jiyfs left, amJ places himiclf£>•<'^/^^ 
 on the pivot flank. 
 
 Should the order have been, to the front Front 
 FORM SUB-DIVISIONS (oR Sections), the lead- fo"""! Sui- 
 
 ing fub-divilion, or faction, will proceed in the"^^'^'* 
 manner already detailed for the platoon ; the fuc- 
 cccding fub-di vifions,or fefJions, will cacii conti- 
 nue moving on, until its fiontfile arrives at the 
 proper forming diilancc, from the divifion in ilSf.<;„, 
 front, when it will receive from its commander/^''" 
 the word, To the front form, and will inftantly 
 form up by hies, in the manner already defcribed. 
 
 T 
 
 S. LXL 
 
 forming from File to e'tther Flank, 
 HE platoon marching in file (fuppofe from 
 
 _ the right) has only '■o 1 dt, a ,d front, to 
 be formed to the left flank. 
 
 To form to the right, it will receive the word, 
 To the right form y the front ranlc man of the R]g^bt 
 leading ^ .?, inftantly turns to his right, an-w-"'^' 
 
 halts; 
 

 H ^ LT, 
 !. t F T 
 W H k E L 
 AND 
 FOR M. 
 
 March, 
 Ricnr 
 
 FORM 
 1 LA. 
 
 TCicN. 
 
 %il.tcl. 
 drtfu 
 
 C 56 j 
 
 ^-alts J his center and rear rank men at the fame 
 time move round and cover htm. — All the other 
 files of the platoon make a half turn to their left, 
 and move round fucceOively, \n a line with the 
 right hand file ; the center and rear rank men of 
 each file, keeping clofcd well up to their file 
 leaders. 
 
 Left ck- 
 
 f'('rivard. 
 
 • S. LXII. 
 
 To form tc either Flank, from Of en Column 
 of 6ub'Divifions or Sextons. 
 
 THE platoon marching in the ordinary time 
 in opcncoiimiM ot fub divihons, or ice- 
 tiuns, to form to its .left, receives the words, 
 Halt, left vhetl and form, march, &c. 
 and proceeds as has already been ihewn in Sec- 
 tion L. 
 
 To form the plaroon to its riaht flank, the 
 infiruaor of the drill gives the cautionary word 
 ot con)n)ai)d, to the right form the pla- 
 toon ; on which the commanders of th*: Icveral 
 divificns Ihift to the other flank, and the com- 
 mander of the leading fub-divifion, or fe^ion, 
 inlhintly gives the word to his divi/lon, R'l'^r^ht 
 ivhetl \ and when it has wheeled fqiiare, he or- 
 ''ders, J-hut^ fight ih ej\ ; goes to the righc flank 
 ot bis divifid), and drtllcs it on the inLendcd 
 line of lormation. — The commander of theotricr 
 fi.b-divilion, cr fct^tions, on the leading one 
 being ordered to vshetl, gives '.he Vvord to the 
 7^ the lift cjlique^ and gradually inclines, fo as 
 to be able to march clear of the rear rank of the 
 iVw ifion forming j th's being efl^ecled, the word, 
 Forward will be given to each divifion, and 
 
 they 
 
i^ 
 
 [ 57 ] 
 
 they move on in the rear of the one formed.— 
 When the fecond fub-divifior,, or fec^ion, is ar- 
 rived at the left flank of the firil, its co;ninander 
 gi''es the word, Right ivheel^ then, Hait^ Jrefs up\ Right 
 on which the divifion moves up into the line, ?*'*'''•. , 
 With the one jorniea ; and it8 coiTi nander in- „„ '' 
 ftantly places himfcif, two or three hies, from 
 the left of his firft diviiio.-i, and dre.Tes his owii 
 on it, as quickly and as accurately as poiTible.— ' 
 Thus each fucceeding (edtioa wjuld proceed, 
 until the whole hti formed. 
 
 S. LXIir. 
 
 Thi Platoon moving to the Frs/itt to gain 
 Ground to a Flank^ by a March inEchel- 
 Io}j, by 8 e 51 ions. 
 
 I 
 
 N the drill of the platoon, when the foldler is 
 completely formed, he may be taught to 
 
 march in echellon, by feclions. 'I'his is a very 
 ufcfal movement for a battalion, or larger body 
 moving in line, that is required to gain ground 
 to a fianic, and may be fubltituted inltead of the 
 oblique march. — It wiil be performed in the fol- 
 lowing manner. 
 
 The platoon marching to the front in the or- 
 dinary time, receives the word. By sections ?rc- 
 To THE right; the rij^ht hand men of ihe"^"^^'** 
 front rank of each fedtion, turning in a ftnall de- 
 gree to their right, marie the time for three 
 paces, during which the fc£tions are wheeling in 
 ordinary time on their pivot men ; at the fourth 
 pace, and at the word, Farwardy the whole movcFoiwAnc 
 on direct to the front that each fcdion has now 
 
 acquired 
 
}.* 
 
 C s^ ] 
 
 acquifcd, and the commacidcr of each leclion, ha- 
 
 viiijj, t.ikcii i'of^ on the right of iiis diviilon, the 
 
 pUtooji coiiti'tues its march in cchcilon. 
 
 FopM On the worJ, Form pLATO^J^f, the pivot 
 
 Platoon. n,^,j ,nark the time for three paces, turning back 
 
 in a fiTiall degree to their left, the original front, 
 
 and the fectigns inilantly wheel bacicvvard iiito 
 
 line ; at the fourth pace the whole move for- 
 
 FoRWAKD ward. When the platoon is in two ranks only, 
 
 two p:'.ccs inltcad of three will be furficieut to 
 
 mark tinie, an.l to Itep ofFat tne third, ijiltcad of 
 
 the fourth pace. 
 
 I > 
 
 Fo»M 
 
 TWO 
 Vt-YT, 
 
 Itrr 
 Faci. 
 
 Maack% 
 
 
 /./». 
 
 S. LXIV. 
 Frcm thf.: R a uh forming in two Ranks, 
 
 THFw platoon halted, is ordered, Form two 
 DEEP } the rear rank mm of the left fub- 
 divihon, inftantly ftep back one pace ; on the 
 word, LEFT FACE, the rear rank of both fub-di- 
 vifioiisface j the word Quick March is then 
 given, on which the men of the rear rank ofthe 
 left fub-divifion (tep fliort, until thofe of the 
 right get up to them j they then move on with 
 them in file ; as their rear is clearing the left 
 flank of the platoon, the commander; (who has 
 fhifted to this flank during the movement) gives 
 the words, Halt^ front, tirej) «/>, he infUntly 
 dreifes them on die '^?" ling part of his piai.oon, 
 and rcTumes his poit v". the right. — One third, 
 or one more fub-divilion, is thus added to the 
 front of the CO -'pany, which is here fuppofed 
 itandin^, as or. in a battalion coluum. 
 
 S. LXV, 
 
 \ 
 
[ 59 J 
 
 S. LXV. 
 
 From two Ranks ^fo 
 
 three Ranks, 
 
 lyjnfcsy forming into three Ratit 
 
 THE platoon being halted and fold ofl'into 
 three feclions, it receives tiie word, Form Torm 
 THKEE DEEi' ; CM which the third ledion in-"^""'^ 
 il uitl- K-ps back one p^ce ; the word, Right l]r.l'r 
 FACE IS then given, and tht- mauon the right of Face. 
 its front rank, on facing, difengagcs a little to 
 his right ; on the word, Quick march, theOii'CK 
 front ranic men of the third fJltion ttep off, t'^ofe ''^1^'^^". 
 or the other rank mark the time, till th-y have 
 pall, and then follow — ".Vhen the leading maa 
 has got to the right of the phtoon, the comman- 
 der gives the word, Hat:, front, on which each //y,^ 
 man halt>, faces to his left, and iuitantly covers//-s«f'. 
 his proper fiic l^.der. 
 
 A 
 
 i 
 
 IN purfuance t>f the foregoinginftru^ions, and 
 on the principles tiiey concain, every co!n- 
 |...ny of a battalicn mu'i be frequently cxerciled 
 by Its own oificcr*, each iupenntending a rank, 
 or an allotted uart of the whole. — And on a 
 Ipics of JQ or bo yards fcjuarc, can every cir- 
 tumllance te praJtifed, that is neccd'.try to qua- 
 lity it for the operations of the battalion. — That 
 Ipace being pointed out by under officers, or 
 other marks, as dircded at the latter end of the 
 ini\ part, -uc company will, both at open and 
 dole riles, > ithout arms, and 'vitharms, 
 
 By Ranks, 
 
 lit. March in lingic file, by faccefUvc ranks, 
 a^c 07 ;'.c 4 .ides of the fquare. — The fame, by 
 iwo'!>. 
 
 Sd. 
 
[ 6o J 
 
 2d. Pylarch, and wheel, by rank«; of fours ; — 
 File oft'ilngly and double up, preferving proper 
 didacices, and nut cjuitkeiiiiij;; on the whet-!. 
 
 3J. March, uiid wheel, by fub-divilions o{ 
 ranks. 
 
 4tb. March, anJ wheel, by whole ranks. 
 
 5th. March to froj;t, and to rear ; ranks at 
 10 paces i'.funder. 
 
 6th. Ahirch the company in a Tingle ran'-, to 
 frc^nt, and to rear, by a Hank, and by the ceiuer. 
 
 7ih. Oblique by ranks. 
 
 8rh. Open, and clofc file?, and Intervals, by 
 the fide Itcp. 
 
 9th. March in file, to either flank. 
 
 1 0th. Ranks ruccelTivcly advance 6 or 8 pa- 
 ces ; hair, and drcfs. — Ranks (uccellively fall 
 back 6, or 8 paces ; halt and dref«. 
 
 Ilth. Advance, or retire 2 or 3 flank men ; 
 the ranks drt b ;<» them. 
 
 I2ih. Open, an--' cKfe ranks. 
 
 yi! Cloje RdhkSj and Files. 
 
 13th. March, and v,'hccl in all dirtctioi's by 
 fiib-aiviiioi.f, and by coipjiany. — S,,t iiti; j;cp, 
 liiid length'.n it, the match to be nude bi th in 
 ordin ry and quick liine. — 1 iic uiiccls to IjC 
 fjiatic in v. heeliii;! time. 
 
 14th. Advance, and retire, 2 or 3 flank files, 
 and drefs to them. 
 
 I5>h. Open, a:'.J chfe to the flank, by the 
 fide-liep. 
 
 i6ih. Char;^? frt nt bv the countcr:naich by 
 fiL-. 
 
 ijch. March iri fii^' to the f.anks, cli'fc, and 
 wit.iout opening i l.i.-— i'cfm to the .runt, c; io 
 cither fank. 
 
 iSih, Mdl\h oblique, 
 
 19th. 
 

 [ &1 ] 
 
 19th. Siib-divilions double on the march, and 
 again form up, by obli(|uiiig. 
 
 20th. Wheel backwards by fub-divifions. — 
 March along the line, to prolong it ; — form to 
 the flank, by wneehng up ; or to tii?' front by 
 obliquing. 
 
 2ift. File from the flank of company to the 
 rear, as in the paifage, of lines: — Halt^ frovt ; — ■ 
 Clofe into pivot f)le ; — Wheel up, as in formiiij^ 
 in line. 
 
 22d. From 3 deep, form 2 deep. 
 
 23d. From 2 deepj form 3 deep. 
 
 24th. Exercife cf the firelock, manual, and 
 platoon, by ranks, and conij^anv. 
 
 25th, Firings by hies, fub-divifions, and com- 
 ny, 
 
 The 
 
 iflary 
 
 ife 
 
 >d for 
 
 jc necellary paules, and formations, betwixt 
 thefe movements, in order to connect tiiem, 
 iTiuit of courfe be ma.k-. — They may be practi- 
 fed in whatever fucceifion fhall at the fame time 
 be found proper. — fhe greateft preciiion muit 
 be required, and obferved, in their execution, 
 according to the rules already Uid down. 
 
 Every ofl^cer mull be inflrufled in each in- 
 dividual ciicumftance required of a recruit, or a 
 foldier ; alfo in the exercife of the fword j and 
 accultomed to give words of command, with 
 that energy, and preciiion, which is fo ellcMiti.J. 
 — Every officer, on firll joining a regiment, is 
 to be examined by the commanding officer ; and, 
 if he is found impcrfedt in the knowledge of ths 
 movements required from a loldicr, he mult be 
 ordered to be exercifed that he may learn their 
 j'.iif execution. l-Il he is malter of thof? point', 
 and capable of inliruetiiig the men under nis 
 
 Ai cumr.i^nd 
 
• 
 
 [ 62 ] 
 
 command, hr is not to he permitted to take the 
 coniinand of a platoon in the battalion. 
 
 Scjuatis of oiSrtrs n.utt be formed, and cxer- 
 ciffd by a tield officer ; they mull be marched in 
 all djicc^ions, to the front', oblique, and to the 
 flank ; they mud be marched in Ime, at platoon 
 diltance, and preferve their drcfling and Ime 
 froi7i an advanced center : they mult be placed 
 in file at [)iatoon diltancc, and marched as in 
 open column ; they mult change diredion, as in 
 flic, anvi cover anew in column. In thefe, and 
 other fimilar movements, the pace and the dif- 
 tances are the gieat objects to be maintained. — 
 From the number of files in divifion, they mult 
 learn accurately to judge the ground necellary 
 for each, and to extend that knowledge to the 
 trort of greater bodies. 'I'hey mult acquire 
 the habit of readily afcertaining by the eye, per- 
 pendiculars ot march, and the fquarenefs of the 
 wheel. 
 
 An officer muft not only knc^ir the poft, 
 which he ihould occupy, in ail changes of fitua- 
 tion, the commiinds which he fhoufd give, and 
 the general intention of the required movementj 
 but he ihould be mailer of the principles, on 
 which each is made ; znd o( the faults that may 
 be comniittcd, in order to avoid them himfelf, 
 and to inltruit others. — Thefe principles are in 
 themfclves i'o lur.ple, that moderate refledion, 
 habit, and attention, will foon fliowthem to the 
 eye, and fix them in the mind ; and individual?, 
 from time to time, when qualified, mult be or- 
 dered to exerclfe the battalion, or its parts. 
 
 The complete inltrudtion of an officer enlarges 
 with his lituation, and at lalt takes in the wr)ole 
 circle of military fcience : — From the variety of 
 knowledge required of him, his exejtioa nmfl 
 
 be 
 
< -f 
 
 [ 63 J 
 
 be unremitting, evsry one Itriving to make him^ 
 {e\t nialtcr of his own part. 
 
 Behde'^ the inllruoiion peculiar to the under 
 ofncers, they fhouIJ be exercrfed in the faii.o 
 manner as the officers are, as thef are frrqueiirly 
 called on, to replace them : — "I'he neceiii y iilio 
 of order, fteadincfs, (ilence, and of executing 
 every thing deliberately, and wi;liout h-ir-r, 
 {hn;,U\ be itrojjgly inculcated in th« inf^r.u'y 
 <oldier. 
 
 EmJ of r»tt Ih 
 
 I 4 
 
Foffuation cf the Cor,:pany, 
 
 THE company is always to be fized iroin 
 fianks to center. 
 I'tie company is funned three deep. 
 The hies liijhtly touch wh>Mi hrtlocks are 
 fhoulJjrcd and earned, b'Jt without crowdini: ; 
 ;inil ep.ch m.in will occupy a f^ace ofabout twcu- 
 
 ly-two inclu'S. 
 
 Clofj order is the chief and primary order, in 
 which the b.^.ttalion and its parts at all tiiiios af- 
 iLMible and form.— Open order is only regarded 
 as an exception from it, r>nd occafioiially uled in 
 Jitur.tions of' parade and (licvv. — In clofe o/der ; 
 the ofticers are in the rank*;, and the rear ranks 
 arc clo.'ed up vvitliin one pace. In open order ; 
 the officers are advanced three paCcs, and the 
 ranks are two paces diflant from each othert 
 
 Each company is a platoon. — Kach cornpany 
 lonns two (ub-divifjons, and alfo four fc£tions. 
 Ijiir as ioc'lions (hculd never be Itfs than five 
 file?, it will h<!ppen, when the companic* arc 
 weak, that ihcy can only (for the purpofcs of 
 march) form three fe£tion8. 
 
 When th.- company is itngly formed ; the cap- 
 tnin i?. on the right, the cnhgn on the left, of 
 the {font run';, e:v:h covered by a fcrjtjant in the 
 rear rank. The iirutenant is in the rear, av^llo 
 ihc (^rummer and pioneer in a fourtn rank, at 
 lii'ce paces dilhmce. 
 
 The Kt't of the front rank of each fubdivifion 
 ic nvirk'-".i by a covporal. I'hc riglu of the lefc 
 Jub.Jivirion may be matlccJ by ihe oihcr corporal. 
 
 When 
 
^^ 
 
 i 2 J 
 
 V/hen necefTary, the places of abfent officers 
 may be fiipplicd by fcrjeants, thofe of ferjeatits 
 by corporals, and thofe of corporals by iiUelli- 
 gent men. 
 
 When the company is to join others, and the 
 battalion, or part of it, to be formed ; the enfign 
 and his covering ferjcant quit the flank, and fall 
 into the fourth rank, until otherwifc placed. 
 
 fFben the Company is to take Open Order from 
 Cloft Order. 
 
 At this command, the flank men on the right /^^r 
 and left of the rear ranks, flep bacJc to mark thc"""^!^^'- 
 ground on which each rank refpewtivcly is t ^ ^'i'"' ofdtr. 
 halt, and drcfs at open diltance ; they face to 
 the right, and ftand covered ; every other indi- 
 vidual remains ready to mo/e. 
 
 At this command, the re.ir rank dreflers front, l^ard. 
 and the rear ranks fall back one and t.vo paces 
 each drefTing by the right, the inliant it arrives 
 on its ground : The officers move out li\ front 
 three paces, and divide their ground : One (tv- 
 jeant is on each flank of the front rank : I'he 
 pioneer remains behind the center of the rear 
 rank : The drummer places himfelf on the ri<:ht 
 of the right ferjeant. 
 
 ff^hen the Company is t- take Clofe Order from 
 Open Order. 
 
 The oflficers, ferjeants, drummer, face to the;?^,^ 
 
 I be ranks clofe within one pace, marching "'^ ^'''/*' 
 one and two paces, and then haltincr. J?'"': 
 
 ^'L ix- ■ ^ March, 
 
 ne Officers move round the flanks of the 
 
 company to their refpedive ports : The ferjeants 
 and drummers fall back, and each individual re- 
 fumes his place, as in the original clofe order. 
 . H 3 The 
 
■ 
 
 [ 3 J 
 
 The above regards the company when fingle ; 
 but when united in the battalion, other polls are 
 aloited to the drun.incr and pioneer. 
 
 Formation of the Battalion, 
 
 Stren^tli 
 
 ol ll't bat- i he 
 
 taliun. 
 
 A PERFECT uniformity in the formation 
 and arrarigcincnt of all companies and bat- 
 tahoDS, is indifpeniible for the execution ot juft, 
 iiiid combined niovetneius. 
 
 Grenadier. 
 
 battalioi; is ten companies. 
 
 r I Grenadier 
 5. •! 8 Battalion. 
 L I Light. 
 
 r3 Officers. 
 
 -, , -A . I 2 Serjeants. 
 
 Each corr.pany coniifts at pre- I (jorporais. 
 
 ^'^"^ «^ I I Drummer. 
 
 C30 Private. 
 
 lcrm.-.tion When the companies join and the battalion is 
 
 of tiie bai- formed, there is to be no interval between any of 
 
 ^'^"'"* them, grenadier, light company, or other ; but 
 
 evory part of ilie front of the battalion ftiould be 
 
 equally itrong. 
 
 Each company which makes a part of the fame 
 line, and is to act in it, mud be formed and ai- 
 ranf/';d ii^ the fat^ie manner. 
 rnfuiwr cf '^^^ companies will draw up as follows from 
 ,se com- right to left : — grenadiers ; — lit captain and 
 nni-jur ; — 4th and 5th captain ; — 3d and 6th cap- 
 tain i — 2d captain and lieutenant colonel ; — < 
 
 light company. The colonel's company takes 
 
 place according to the rank of its captain : The 
 four cideii captains are on the right of the grand 
 
 divilions : 
 
 taiuiion. 
 
 i -4^ 
 
L 4 J 
 
 Jivifions : officers commanding companies ot 
 platoons, are all on the right of the front rank 
 of their rcfpe«5tive ones. 
 
 The eight battalion companies will compofcDivifioni. 
 four grand divifions ; — eight companies or pla- 
 toons, — (jxteen fub-divifions, — thivty-tvvo fedli. 
 ons, when futliciciitly ! cong to be fo divided, 
 othcrwife twenty-four, for thepjrpofes of march. 
 The battalion is alfo divided intn :ighc and left 
 wings. — VV lien the battalion is on a war efta- 
 biiftiment, each company will be divided into 
 two platoons. — When the ten companies are 
 with the battalion, they may then, for the pur- 
 -»>^ pofes of firing or deploying, be di ided ijjto five 
 grand divilions from right to left. 
 
 The battalion companies will be numbered 
 from the right to the left, i, 2. 3, 4. 5. 6. 7. 
 8. — The fubdivifions will be numbered i. 2. of 
 each i — the feclions will be numbered i. 2. 3. 
 4. of each ; — the fi'cs of companies will alfo be 
 numbered i. 2. 3. 4. &c. — The grenadier and 
 light companies will be num ered (eparitely in 
 . the fame manner, and with tt addition of thofe 
 diftindtions. — Tliefe feveral appellations will be 
 prefer I'ed, whether faced to front or rear. 
 
 The companies muit bs equalized in point of Compi. 
 numbers, at all times wh?n the battalion is form-"'^' ^^'^*" 
 cd for field movement, and could tiie battalions 
 ^^^ of a line alio be equalized, the greatelt advan- 
 tages would arife ; but though from the differ, 
 ent Itrengths of battalions this cannot take place, 
 yet the firlt requifite always muft, and is indif- 
 penfable. 
 
 Ranks are at the diftance of one p3.ce, except J°[|^/''°'* 
 the fourth or fupernumerary rank, vthich has battalion 
 ^hrec paces. ' . ,, ^' ^''•'* 
 
 ^ All Order. 
 
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 of the bat. 
 taiion at 
 Ciofe Or. 
 der. 
 
 IJft of the 
 fourth or 
 fupernu- 
 tncrary 
 r«Dk. 
 
 An the field oiBcers and the adjutant are 
 mounted. 
 
 The commanding officer is the only officer 
 advanced in front, for the genera! purpofe of ex- 
 ercife when the battalion is fing4« j but in the 
 march in linej ami in the firings, he is in the 
 rear of the colours. 
 
 The lieuttna,nt cdonel is behind the colours, 
 fix paces from the rear rank. 
 
 The major and adjutant are fix paces in the 
 real' of the third and lixth companies. 
 
 One officer is on the right of the front rank of 
 each company or platoon, and one on the left of 
 the battalion ; all thefe arc covered in the rszt 
 rank by their rcfpe<5tiv€ ferj cants ; and the re- 
 maining officers and ferjeantsare in afourth rank 
 behind their companies. — It is to be obferved, 
 that there arc no coverers in the center rank to 
 the officers or colours. 
 
 The colours are placed between the fourth 
 ?nd fifth battalion companies, both in the front 
 rank, and each covered by a non-commiffioned 
 officer, or fleady man in the rear rank. — One 
 ferjeant is in the front rank betwixt the colours; 
 he is covered by a fecond ferjeant in the rear 
 rank, and by a third in the fupernumerary rank, 
 — The fole buftnefs of thefe three ferjeants is 
 when the battalion moves in line, to advance and 
 direct the march as hereafter mentioned. — The 
 place of the firft of thofe ferjeants when they 
 do move out, is prefcrved by a named officer or 
 ferjeant, who moves up from the fupernumerary 
 rank for that purpcfe. 
 
 The fourth rank is at three paces diftancc 
 when halted, or marching in line. — When 
 marching in column it r.juft clofe up to the dif- 
 tancc of the other ranks. — The eifential ufe of 
 
 the , 
 
[ 6 ] 
 
 the fourth rank, is to keep the others clofed up 
 to the front during the attack, and to prevent 
 any break beginning in the rear ; on this im- 
 portant fervicc, too many ofHcer» and non-com- 
 miilioned officers cannot be employed. 
 
 I'he pioneers are afjcmbled behind the center, 
 fortned two deep, and nine paces from the third 
 rank. 
 
 The drummers of the eight battalion com- 
 panies are alleinbled into two divifions, fix paces 
 behind the third rank of their fecond and feventh 
 companies.— The grenadier and light company 
 drummers and fifers, are fix paces behind their 
 refpfc^live cotnpanies. 
 
 The mufic arc three paces behind the pioneer* 
 in a fingle rank, and at all times as well as the 
 drunrmersand pioneers, are formed atloofe files 
 only, occupying no more fpacc than is necef- 
 fary. 
 
 The ftalF of chaplain, furgeun, quarter-maftef 
 and furgeon'i mate, are three paces behind the 
 Riunc. 
 
 In general, officers remain poded with their 0*cwi. 
 proper companiei ; but commanding officers 
 will occafionally make iuch changes as they may 
 find neceflary. 
 
 Whenever the officers move out of the front RepUeing 
 rank, in parade, marching -n column, wheeling ^•'J"""* 
 into line, or otherwife, their places are taken 
 by their ferjeant coverers, and preferved until 
 the officers again refume them. 
 
 When the line is halted, and efpecially during 
 the firings when engaged j the ferjeant coverers 
 I'.iU back into the fourth lank, and obferve their 
 platoons. 
 
 fntn 
 
Coin- 
 mandi. 
 hear rankt 
 take open 
 trdtr. 
 
 Msrch, 
 
 f 7 3 
 
 IVhtn thi Battalion takes Optn Ordif, 
 At this Command — the flank men on the 
 right of the rear ranks of each company ftep 
 bnlTcly back to mark the grcjnd on which each 
 rank refoeaively u to halt. They>r/ to the 
 right, and cover as pivots, being regulated and 
 dreHed by the adjutant or ferjeant major on the 
 right.— Every other individual remain? ready to 
 move. ' 
 
 At this command— the flank dreflVrs face to 
 the front, and the whole move as follows : 
 
 The rear ranks fall back one and iwo paces, 
 each drcfling by the right the inflant it ariivcs 
 on the ground. 
 
 The officers in the fron^ rank, as alfo the co- 
 lours, move out three paces— thole in the rear, 
 together with the mufic, move through the in- 
 tervals left open by the front rank officers, and 
 divide tbcmfelvas, viz. the captains covering 
 the fecond file from the ri^ht, the lieutenant? 
 the fecond file from the left ; and the cnfigns 
 <V^fit€ the center of their refpe^ive companies. 
 
 : |?9 inM% fofia between the. colours, and 
 the frotkt rank. 
 
 The ferjeant coverers move up to the front 
 rank^ to prtfervr the interval! left by th« ofikers. 
 
 The pijMieers fall back to fix paces diftancc 
 behind the center of the rear rank. 
 
 The drummers take the fame diftance behind 
 their divifions. 
 
 The major moves to the right of the line of 
 officers. — The adjutant to the left of the front 
 rank. 
 
 The ftafF place themfelves on the right of the 
 front rank of the grenadiers, viz. chaplain, 
 iurgcon, quarter-malter, mate. 
 
 The 
 
[ « ] 
 
 The lieutcnant-coIoncl, and the colonel (dif- 
 moimtcd), advance before the colours, two and 
 four paces. 
 
 The whole being arrived at their feveral ports 
 — Halt — Drcfs to the Right — and the battalion 
 remains formed in parade, in the order in which 
 ihey would receive a fuperior officer. 
 
 When the battalion is reviewed iingly, then 
 in order to make more ftiow — the diviiion of 
 drummers may be moved up, and formed two 
 deep on each flank of the line^ — the pioneers* 
 may form two deep on the right of the drum- 
 mers of the right — and the ftaff may form on the 
 right of the whole. 
 
 fVhen the Battalion refumet Claft Order, 
 
 Com- 
 inands. 
 
 The lieutenant-colonel, officers, colours, u,^^ ^^^i, 
 ftaff, mufic, face to the right. takechje 
 
 The drummers and pioneers (if on the flanks) *'"''"'• 
 face to the center. 
 
 The ferjeants (if in the front rank) face to the 
 right. 
 
 The 
 up one 
 
 The 
 val. 
 
 The 
 refume 
 mation 
 
 The 
 refpe£li 
 at, and 
 •fder. 
 
 rear ranks clofe within one pace, moving 
 and two paces, and then halting, 
 mufic marches through the center Intcr- 
 
 ferj.'ants, drummers, pioneers, &c. tic, March. 
 th/ir places, each as in the original for- 
 of the battalion in clofe order, 
 officers move through and into their 
 ve intervals, and each individual arrives 
 placcshimfclf properly at his poll in clofe 
 
 On 
 
Colours. 
 
 [ 9 ] 
 
 ppfling of On particular occafions, and when necefTary, 
 
 o^ccfii. officers commanding platoons, whoin line are 
 
 on the right of their platoons, Ihift to the left to 
 
 condu6t the heads of Hies, or the pivot flanks of 
 
 their diviifons in column or echellon. 
 
 When the battalion wheels by companies or 
 fiib-diviiions to either flank, into column ; both 
 colours and the file of dire(^ing ferjeants always 
 wheel to the proper front, and place themielves 
 behind thi* third hie from the new pivot. 
 
 There is no feparate colour rcferve ; the pio- 
 neers, mi'iic, &c. fuifictently ftrengthen the cen- 
 ter ; but in the firings the two files on each ftde 
 of the colours may be ordered to referve their 
 fire. 
 
 The conflant order of the light company when 
 company, formed in line, and united with the battalion, is 
 at the fame clofe files as the battalion. — Their 
 extended order is an occafional exception. 
 
 When the light company is detached, and the 
 grenadier company remains, it will be undivided 
 on one flank of its battalion, whenever there are 
 feveral battalions in line : but when the battali- 
 on is Tingle, it is permitted to be occafionally di- 
 vided on each flank. 
 
 When the grenadier or light corripanies are 
 detached, and make no part of the line, they ma^ 
 be formed twr deep, if it is found proper. 
 
 With a very tew obvious alterations, thefe ge- 
 neral rules take place when a company or battdii- 
 on is permitted or ordered to form in two ranks 
 only — and which on the prefent low eftablifh- 
 ment of our battalions, may often be done for 
 the purpofes of exerc'fe and movement on a 
 more confiderable front : it is alfo evident that 
 they generally apply whether the companies ure 
 ftrong or weak, and whether a greater or lefier 
 number of them cumpofc the bsttalion. 
 
 Colour 
 reitrvc, 
 
 Light 
 
 Grtna. 
 diert. 
 
C »a 1 
 
 [abstract of the ^Y5^ST ESSEN. 
 TIAL GENERAL AX|,^-J^,JJ^^^ 
 REaUIRtD IN THE MOVEMEN Eb 
 OF THE BATTALION, ^Np^^VhlCH 
 Wir,L BE MOREFULL^ DETAILED 
 UNDER THAT HEAD. 
 
 Attentions of the Soldier. . 
 
 QUICK T.MR is in general confined to T;m« of 
 WHEELINGS and FILINGS, the other 
 movements of the platoon or battalion ar-r made 
 in Ordinary Time.— It is very feldom, m- 
 deed, that they will, or ought, to be required 
 
 at quick time. 
 
 All WHEELINGS, forward or backward, a'-<"Wh«l- 
 made quick.— Eyes are turned to the wheehng'ns- 
 hand at the word Afarch (and not before.;— 
 The wheeling flank-man Iteps out hrm at a 
 pace of thirty-three inches, till he receives h.s 
 word Halt', it is the builnefs of the reft of the 
 
 rank to keep up to him. Eyes remain in all 
 
 cafes to the wheeling hand, till a new^order is 
 given by the commanding officer. 
 
 All Filings are made quick, dole, and at pnings. 
 the lock-ftep. Files are at no tiiwj to open out, 
 onoccafionsofexercile, parade, or manoeuvre ; 
 but they will often be fo permitted and or- 
 dered, when marching in the ftreets, or in 
 comtnon route marching, when the march by 
 diviiions cannot (o conveniently take place. 
 
 All Facings n^uft be accurately made on pivot 
 the left heel. Pivot nen muft cover carefully ^"="- 
 and exaaiy. In wheeling backward, thcttand- 
 ing man faces the opofite way to what he does it 
 wheeling forward.— Fivot men, whether in 
 wheeling into column, or in wheeling into bat- 
 ® I talion, 
 
 ■;-<: 
 
C II ] 
 
 tallon, when once ported, arc to remain im- 
 moveable, and do not fl^ift in confequence of 
 platoon-drclling, nor on anv account, but by or- 
 der of the commanding oiicer of the battalion, 
 when he rinds it neceflary to require a more cor- 
 re6^ drefling from the whole. 
 
 Pofitlon. ^ he great OBSERVANCE of the foldier in the 
 
 ranks, and under arms, is the fquarenefs of the 
 fhoulders and body, the head to the front, an4 
 the eyes only glanced to the point of drefliiig* 
 When the battalion is h^ted, and a moreaccu- 
 rtte drejjitjg is ordered, the head may be a little 
 turned during that operation only, and each naati 
 fhould j j(l diltinguifh the lower part of the face 
 of the fecond man from Im(». — Whether in move- 
 ment, or halted, each man i»juU to touch, (with- 
 out crowding) his neighbour's arm, towards 
 whom h« dreU'es, and to depend on th^x chieHy 
 for his line. 
 
 March. ^* *^* word March^ the ftamp of the foot is 
 
 not to be made, but the firft Itep is to be taken 
 as firm and lengthy as any other, and the body 
 of each man, if in his true pofition under arms, 
 is prepared for it by an inclination forward. On 
 the perfect execution of this depends much of 
 
 the accuracy of irurch. On the word March^ 
 
 the firft (lep in all litiuitions '\% taken with the 
 
 left foot. When the commanding officer of 
 
 the battalion gives the word March^ the whole 
 ftep ofF together, whether in line or in column. 
 When he gives the word Halt^ the whole halt at 
 iSat infant. 
 
 At the word Marcb^ eyes arc dire^ed to the 
 pivot flank, tt in column, or to the head of the 
 file if fihng \ to the colours, if marchmg in bat- 
 uli^in \ and in general to th;ic point by which 
 they are condu£led. 
 
 At 
 
 M I 
 
t 12 3 
 
 At the word Halt^ the foot in the air finrfhes Halt- 
 its (Icp, and the other is brought up to it. — Eya 
 remain directed to the pivot flanlc^ if marching 
 in colu.Tin i lo the colours, if in line ; or to the 
 wheeling fla.iic, jf wheeling ; and «n general, to 
 ♦he poinr to which ihey were turned when In 
 movement, until a new order commands a new 
 drediog. Whenever the word Drefi is given b/ 
 jlUtooa -officers to their platoon?, eyes are turned 
 to th:; F^v'>t, where the ofScer is, and from 
 whence he Corre<5ls them upon a ditlant objetfl. 
 
 In marciiiiig in line, each man mult prefer /e i;r.r, 
 his body perfectly fquare, andjufl feel the touch 
 ofni^ neighbour, who is neirer than himJclf, to 
 the dirsfling point *, and the rear rjnks are to 
 be H'cU locked up^ particularly when Hring. in 
 mftfchine in bauali^n. or when halted, rear ranks 
 will be loclced up } but in marching in coiumn, 
 
 «n«7 rnnjr iT» g^rn-T«t yc at oRc pacc c3!iTance : 
 tbe (^i^ps are to be tak«^t\ firm and marked. 
 
 Ail »Leration» meaf /ying^/upptrtiiig armSyisfc. Ctrr;»f«ol 
 W* done by the wbele baculjon at ottce, wlvcthw "f*** 
 in lim or column, and not by the divi&cns oi it 
 feparafely.—- T>? commanding o^er gives the 
 word, and not the platoon officers ; and no fuch 
 change is at pny time made, but in confequencc 
 of hi« commaad i the men therefore in ail cafes, 
 whttly haltf march J drf/t^ f^c. with their arms 
 carrtifl^fufforitdy f^e. according as tbe laft gi- 
 ven command dirc6i:ed them. The iime is to 
 few' obferved whenever the battalion, moving in 
 line, or column, changes its time of march. 
 
 In column, when the righ: of the battalion is Pivot 
 in front, the left is the pivot flank ; and when ?•»"'«•• 
 the left of the battalion is in front, the right is* 
 the pivot flank. 
 
 In marching in coluoon, the pivot files of men Pivot FJlei 
 
 I 2 next 
 
[ 13 ] 
 
 next to the officers, muft have great attention in 
 covering;, when the movement is made ina ftraight 
 line, ai. they are points on which the formation 
 lb ii.iiJc, and therefore fi>r that purpofc, they re- 
 n>ain clofc to their pivot officers, who in that 
 Situation cover ami give diftan.e. 
 
 Supported arms Oiculd only be allowed when 
 halted in line, or when movinj; in coititrn. — Hut 
 the march in line, and in general all wheelings 
 up into line, and all formings of the line or 
 drefling it, fliould be made with carried nrtns^ as 
 tlie only iltuatioti which preferves the true 
 diitancc of tiles, or can give an accurate line. 
 
 j> 
 
 Covering Platoon Serjtants, 
 
 pofition * ne v<.w»«k4WO oa>vj^..<. »..»«....^.. ...... muv* 
 
 oJ ifeco- affifts the platoon officer in all his movements, 
 J-*:']» and preferves his place in line, or on the pivot 
 eijs^ot. ^^^^ .^ colunin, whenever the officer's duty re- 
 quires him occafionally to quit it. — ^In battalion, 
 he covers in the rear rank. — At open order, he 
 moves into the officer's place in the front rank. 
 At clofe order he leaves it for the ofilcer to la?'.e 
 it. In the march in echellon he is on the out> 
 ward flank of the front rank. 
 
 When the battalion breaks into colunnn to the 
 right, or left, the ferjeant falls back two paces j 
 and when the wheel is finifhed, he covers his 
 officer on the pivot fljink. When the Column 
 marches, if the officer is in front of the platoon, 
 the il'ijeani is on the [ ivot of the front rank, and 
 is anfwerable foi the platoon diftance ; if the 
 officer rf mains on the pivot flank, the ferjeant 
 then fails behind the rear.rank, and covers the 
 iccond h!c tVom the pivot. When 
 
 In Cc 
 luma. 
 
 
 ^, 
 
l4 
 
 i H ] 
 
 When from column, the rigitt in froftt pin- w'tcflinj 
 toons wheel up to the left in line ; the rerjeanr,''">^ *'»'=• 
 at the word IVheel^ goes fo the right of the troiu 
 rank of the platoon, and wheels up with it, 
 thereby prefcrving the officer'^ place. If the 
 wheel is r» the right, the ferjeant is behind the 
 right file, ready to move up to the officer's 
 place at the conclulion of the whe»l. O.i all 
 occafions, when any platoon (which is ttien fe- 
 paratcd) joins in line to the one on its righf, at 
 that inJUnt mult the covering ferjeant be on its 
 right, to p; efcrve the place of his officer, who 
 may be einployed in drefling his platoon. 
 
 When the platoons w/'^^f cither into line, or '•'■affin* 
 into column, the ferjeant of the leadirt^i; platoon *'''^'*'°'' 
 runs out, and marks the point in the line of pi- 
 vots, where its flank is to halt. 
 
 When platoons rJW/j/^/v//<7r<:/» in column, theComtv- 
 ferjeant moves into the officer's place (when he"**'-''' 
 quits it to lead in file), faces to the right-iibout, 
 Itands fdi^, and becooKS the pivot point for the 
 front rank leader to clofe to after the rnwntcr- 
 march is finifhed, and his place is occupied by 
 the officer after dreffing his divilion. 
 
 VVhea the platoons from columns file in or- In File. 
 der to take a new line, either to the front or 
 rear; the ferjeant of tach fucceffively, as it ar- 
 rives within thirty yards of that line (and no 
 fooner), runs out, takes diftance. places himfcli" 
 on it, and remains as a point to which his officer 
 is to bring, and clofe in the pivot flank man of 
 his platoon, and as a point which the officer him- 
 felf is afterwards lo occupy. 
 
 Whenever the battalion halts to fire, the fer- Fini.gt. 
 jeants fall back, and in concert with the fuper- 
 numerary rank, keep the rear ranks well locked 
 up, and attentive to their duty. — When the bit- 
 
 1 1 tali on 
 

 Clofe 
 cwluinn. 
 
 rionecrs. 
 
 r 15 } 
 
 talion again moves, fcrjeants refumc their pla- 
 ces^ 
 
 W hen the battalion is in column of fiib-divi- 
 Hons, if tijc oificcr is ordered to march in front 
 of his platoon, the ferjcant is on the pivot of 
 the leading fub-divifioii. — If the officer is on the 
 flank of his leading fub-divifion, the ferjcant 
 takes the flank of the f.coj.d. In column of 
 fedtions theftrjcint alfo takes the flank of the 
 fccoiul feciion. 
 
 In clofe column the ferjcant is on the flank of 
 the tear rank Infiind his officer j and in forming 
 line after the hali^ front of the platoon, he re- 
 Htains on i^ outward flank. 
 
 The ProNELRs in column of march, are in 
 front. — in line, they are formed two deep be- 
 hind the center, and nine paces from the rear 
 rank. 
 
 DrumiMERS in column of march, or clofe co- 
 lumn, are with tneir c(5mpanies, and on the 
 flank, not the pivot one — Inline, the grenadier 
 and light drummers are fix paces behind the rear 
 rank of their companies, — The battalion drum- 
 mers are in two divifions, and formed fix paces 
 behind the third and fev enth companies. — In pa- 
 rade, at open ranks, the drummers preferve their 
 fix paces from the rear rank. 
 f.chcJlon. Whenever the platoon is cautioned to %vheel 
 forward or backward any named vwxmhcr of paces 
 the ferjeant immediately polts himfelf before or 
 behind the tenth, or any other given file, from 
 the (landing flank, and takes the ordered number 
 of paces ; when his platoon has conformed, he 
 places himfelf on its outward flank. 
 
 fhe Music, in open or clofe column, areon 
 the flank, which is not the pivot one ; in line 
 they are in a fnigle rank behind the center, 
 
 twelve 
 
 Prurn 
 lntr». 
 
 Mufic. 
 
f 'ft J 
 
 '" " '^'^J' ^'* d.fcngagcd from each other. 
 
 Attentions in Platoon Officers. 
 
 ^^hen the battahon is formed In \\r^ ^ 
 Pany or Platoon Offioers Jr7Z\r! I '- ?"'" ^°''''°" •< 
 their platoons — f„ .'.T l " ^^ "S^^ of platoon 
 
 during ..ewheT ' ?'" ,'""" '""-"'^ his „,e„'"">- 
 "ch ives Ki/' ""{'•'^^•"" to his pivot Sank; 
 
 movini wh.r v3 [k i P'^toon, but without 
 "arching a ftra.ghtJinc is gradually taken up. 
 
[ 17 ] 
 
 Wheeling 
 into tin:. 
 
 Wheeling 
 in colun^ifi 
 on? fixed 
 point. 
 
 On the pi. 
 vol fiank. 
 
 Countcr- 
 xnarch of 
 platoons. 
 
 In wheeling from column into line, each pla- 
 ces himfelfone pace before the center of his 
 platoon j each turns toward*: his men during the 
 wheel, i:i\6 inclines towards the pivot of his 
 preceding platoon, each gives his word Halt^ 
 when his wheeling man, on whom his eye is 
 fixed, is juft arrived at the next ftanding pivot 
 man } each then from that next pivot man cor- 
 rects the interior of his platoon upon his own 
 pivot man ; each then takes his place and re- 
 mains fleady on the right of his platoon. 
 
 If the column is in movement, and platoons 
 are fucceHively to wheel into a new direction, 
 each officer, to whatever hand he is to wheel, 
 gives his word from the point he is then placed 
 at, whether in front, or on the flank. — If on 
 the wheeling flank, he conducSts it. — If he is on 
 the {landing flank, he fleps out two or three 
 paces, the better to fee that his platoon wheels 
 quick, with a lengthy ftep, and that he may 
 time his word Hr./t j this done, ne is to fall 
 back to his place x the ^ivot flank, no longer 
 to look to his p!<tiuon, but having his eye Rxed 
 on the ofiiccr of the preceeding platoon, he is to 
 give his word March at the inftant that officer 
 is taking the lail ftep which ertablifties the pro- 
 per diftance betwixt the platoons. 
 
 When an oflicer is marching on the pivot 
 flank, he is to be anfwerable for diftance and 
 covering ; thefe circumftances alone muft folcly 
 engage his whole attention, he can only occafio- 
 nally give a glance of his eye towarJs his pla- 
 toon, which mud dteU to him ol couric, and 
 ':vithout any particular diredion. 
 
 When platoons in column are each to coun- 
 march on its own ground, the officer when his 
 platoon faces, goes to that flank, which is to be- 
 come 
 
[ i8 J 
 
 come the pivot flank, conduds his platoon in file, 
 and ciofes its leader to the fcrjeanc, who has re- 
 ma.ued to mark the pivot, halts, fronts, and 
 drelies it fquare ; he then places himfdf where 
 the ferjeant flood. 
 
 When the battalion marches in line, officers in line, 
 then become individuals, equally attentive as the 
 foidieri nor can officers then be attentive to 
 any thing but the corrednefs of their own per- 
 fonal march, every operation then depends on 
 the word from the commanding officer, who 
 MOVES, HALTS, and DRESSES fhe battalions— 
 Whenever th-: battalion is in line, officers give 
 no commands, except in the firings. 
 
 When the platoons of a column/// feparatelyin file. 
 to a flank, the officer condua$ the head, ^lA 
 when he arrives within thirty paces of the new 
 polmon, in which he is to form, he deuchcs his 
 ferjeant to mark the point at which he is to place 
 his pivot front rank man, either in filing to front 
 or rear i the officer flops at tha' ferjeant, and 
 halts, fronts, and dnffts his platoon dofe to the 
 ferjeani he then, himfelf, after correaing his 
 platoon, replaces the ferjeant, who falls back to 
 t.ie rear rank — In filing, diftances and dreffinir 
 are generally taken from that hand to which ^ 
 a face of the platoons, the whole would (tand 
 fronted in column, and the line breaks into co- 
 lumn towards the direfting point The leaden 
 
 of the third, fourtb,&c. platoons, from thedireft- 
 ing flank, are never to overpafs the ftraight line 
 which joins the heads of the firft and fecond, 
 but are if any thing to be behind it, till they ar- 
 rive and halt exaaiy in the new line.— In move- 
 ments to the rear, diftances and dreffin? are al . 
 ways taken from the fame point to wh"ich they 
 would be made if the movement was to the front. 
 
Letding 
 •fticer. 
 
 When pi. 
 
 voti 
 
 mireht 
 
 Wbeelirg 
 
 back. 
 
 wards. 
 
 t 19 ] 
 
 that is, from the left, in going to the rear, if it 
 fhould be from the right in going to the front. 
 
 On the leading platoon officer of the column, 
 much of the prccifion of march depends j he 
 muft lead at an equal, fteady pace j he muft lead 
 on two obje^s either given to him, or which he 
 himfelf takes up rfier every alteration of pofiti- 
 on ; this demands his utmoft attention j no- 
 muft he allow it to be diverted by looking at hfs 
 platoon, the care of whofc regularity depends on 
 the other officers, and non-commiffioned offi- 
 cers, belonging to it.— -The fecond platoon offi- 
 cer muft alfo be (hewn, and know the points on 
 which the Hrft leads j he is always to keep that 
 firfk officer and thofe point* in a line, and thof« 
 two officeri, together with the plwed mounted 
 omccri, thuf become e dirc^ion for the other 
 piyot office.! to cover,— In rtirching In open 
 -<^i..«.., •Se cov*"*'" ' * '- *' '* » 
 
 the fecond fiJc from the pivot officers, that the 
 olficeri may the more corre^ly fee and cover 
 each other (o column. 
 
 In the column oi march, after the word Halt 
 ii given, 00 one is to move» and pivott particu- 
 larly muft remain where tbey are then placed. 
 In this iltuation, when ordered to form, each 
 platoon WHEBia up u> its adjoining pivot ( the 
 whole will then, perhaps, (as in the cafe of 
 marching on a road, along the different turnings 
 of a height, &c.) be in a winding line, and mull 
 not attempt to get into a ftraight line, unlefs fo 
 ordered b^ the commanding officer to anfwer 
 ibme particular obje<^. 
 
 When the platoon wheels backwards, from 
 line into column, the lituation and bufinefs of the 
 officer is the iamc as when wheeling forwards. 
 rfVnd he balti and i^*^f from his pivot flank, 
 which he gains during the wheel. In 
 
C 20 J 
 
 , In clofe column, diviaon officers are on thei .i r. 
 
 iions face, they arc fli.fted to the Icadng flank if 
 ncccOary -The officer of each fto^. hf hTs own 
 
 ^L^h^n^r Mf ^'-fi-«'-^«' tithe for:„'i:g 
 pomuhanhimfelf receives the «.ord. Hah, PronU 
 
 iTont^Drefs, and as foon as the front of his di- 
 vjfion .s clear, the ^ord March conducing iHno 
 ].ne.-Before the d. v.i.on arrives within three or 
 four paces of jts ground, the officer will have {\Z 
 ped outn.a.bly to the flank of the precedin<r divil 
 
 D:^fst th ' "'I'^'^V'^y '- give^he word^^Ii, 
 -£^r./f at the inftanthis inward flank manioins the 
 
 preccd.ngdmfion .Theje^drefsbythifcl^'^^^ 
 Furr ot the line, a.,d th« officer corre&s then on 
 the k..own d.ftant poinL-He then refume, hii 
 platoon pUc, which has been prcfcved bv * 
 ferje»at_ When the clofe columS^ or pa« of^it 
 forms Imc on a rear iivifion -the office ^ 
 each, when the one behind hi.i, halts, fronts, wSl 
 ftep n.mbly round to the rear (ai,d without ^J 
 pcd.ng h,s d.v.fion, allow his Serjeant to lirl 
 ceed), fron, thenc. he can better judge the Zt 
 per moment of giv.ng his words ^4 Frontlto 
 
 ward fl T • a' "^''l P^^^ ^^^^'^^ °« itti^t! 
 ward flank, and marches up wher^hi. frontis clear. 
 
 ajways in open column to prcferve diftance for 
 the colour files. -.'I he colours wheeUp into 
 
 plate tbcmfelvc, behind the third file of men 
 from .ts p. vet flank j when the line forms/ t^y 
 clofe in to that flank. ' ^ 
 
 OX^^i?^ ^^^*" T'^^ '" ^^°"^ °^ ^^^«'^ <J'vifi. In front 
 
 ons, thc3 mull in their own oerfoa^ t..>A (V. .i.,r- diviuoa.. 
 
 to 
 
I 
 
 f 
 
 I 
 
 C 21 ] 
 
 to the preceding ones, as not to hinder the flank 
 of their own divifion from preferving its proper 
 dii^ance. 
 
 c'^f "'* '" ^yhen the head of a column of march changes 
 mardl'' ""^ !^^ direaion, and that marching in an alignemenc 
 is not in qucftion, inftead of making regular 
 wheels on fixed points, the officer who condudts 
 the leading divifion wiJl often be direfted gra- 
 dually to bring it round into the new direction, 
 by the turn of the outward fhoulder, making 
 both his flanks continue moveable ; bv<t each 
 fuccetding divifion, without the lormality^ of 
 command, or halt, does the fame thing, the 
 whole attention refting on each pivot flank, 
 which at no rate muft encreafe it» diHance j but 
 during this operation preferves the fame equal 
 time and ftcpat which it was before moving. 
 
 On all occaftons of forming in line, either by 
 wheeling up from open column, or in moving 
 up from clofe column, or in marching up from 
 echellon, &c. — the conducing oflicer moves 
 nimbly to his point d'appui, fome paces before 
 the arrival of his divifion ;a the line, and from 
 thc.ce gives his word to haJty and inlbntlydref- 
 fes it. 
 
 Oflficers and ferjeants of the supernumera- 
 ry rank are in the rear o/ their refpedtive com- 
 panies, — when the battalion is halted, or march- 
 ing in line, they are three paces from tnc rear 
 rank. — in open column, tliey are within one 
 pace of the r«ar rank. — In clofe column, they 
 go on the flank of their divifion which is not 
 the pivot — Their great attention during move- 
 ments i*;, that files are corrcd, ranks keep uo, 
 and that perfect order is preferved among the 
 ioldiers, circumftances in which they greatly 
 afli/t the platoon officer, who having the impor- 
 tant 
 
 Clofe CO 
 iumn. 
 
 Supernu 
 
 merary 
 
 rank. 
 
fiahfrfi! ^ plaJoon, without loiintr 
 
 light of his more material dutie* n .^ 
 
 .*^ . ^''^"O'lt: and to prevent anv hr^ai, 
 bcginmng in the rear. ^^nt any brcaic 
 
 the column is io rro J^ « d'reaion on which give, 
 
 any ^ wog. ven points.-He is to take «re that /h 
 Ho:;it where the battalion in ", "'^^>*'^'»t the 
 
 aJigaement is afcerta.^ d to i^ Wrn!^'" "* 
 V'ng in that alignement tLt\ '* " '"'*- 
 
 of the column '^ar;;' preXr"wh''1 
 whee s up into iin*» thJ- *^ "^r**^*^^. — When K 
 
 «»..k in thai l'°e }«;, L'J''' W^"-^:' r" 
 the pivots arf r-nJ., * exact line or 
 
 to «ch flank IT^tZ Im' ""^ 'T P"'"" 
 
 nal ma,ch „f d.wfions, that her/./, ^" 
 »«n on which the pivits of files 1?11?°"'" ^'T 
 - d..U their divmon^uponffro^i'lCf^'veTJ ^ 
 
 "~ points ; 
 
1 
 
 't 
 
 < i 
 
 Schellon. 
 
 • 
 
 FleW Of^ 
 
 ficer: 
 
 mounted. 
 
 r 13 ] 
 
 points of appui.— In fljcrt. that upon all occafi- 
 ons, fixed points of forming, drelEng, and marrh, 
 a.c given, except in advancing in lin#, where 
 the afccrtammg fuch points does not depend on 
 
 the adjutant. '^ 
 
 When the battalion changes pofition by the 
 echellon march, the named divilion wheels its 
 lOth file into the new direaion— The other 
 dm Hens wheel Uieir loth file half the number 
 of paces as the named one. The Serjeant is on 
 the outward flank, the Officer on the inward 
 flank of each diviHon.— At the word March. 
 they move on, preferving their relative diftance! 
 and covering of pivots from before them, an4 
 jurt before the inward flank of each diviflon ar- 
 rives at the outward flank of its preceding one. 
 wh ch IS already halted in line, its oflicer places 
 himfelf before that flank; and when his inward 
 man touches it, he gives his word Halt, Drefs 
 up. If the movement is to the front, and dreflJs 
 his dmfion on the diftant given flank point, (o 
 that his divifion IS fteadicd before the arrival of 
 the next one—When the change is made to the 
 rear, the retiring part faces about before the di- 
 vifion wheels are made, proceeds as above, and 
 each officer halt, front, drefs bad his divifion 
 When Its inward man touches the preceding 
 
 Attentions of Commanding Officerj cf Bct^ 
 
 talions. 
 
 The battalion may be confidercd to the line, 
 what the platoon is to the battalion. 
 
 Commanding and Field Officers are always to 
 DC mounted, and, unlcfs they arc aaive on horfe- 
 
 back. 
 
■^ 
 
 kwfc, it I, impoffible for them to fcf, to cor«« 
 '" P'""' "»«•'«,, or ,o „,o,c with ,h°t Sir 
 
 «n,er, when i, has marched. SLll, i^Jf '^' 
 
 ;toro,ts,r"^-''^'"*^" 
 
 Ih , •• » ! "^ "^ "' ■''* '"lumn. He take, ca.e 
 that all „,A«/, of platoo.,, are made at the dc^! 
 
 ceffiviLI'l""/' fub-diviton. are made fuc' 
 
 Jt:^v?f:.^rsrmSr;vr^^ 
 
 ller.^ ^ T^" *^°^""»" marching in an a 
 
 Jignemcnt is to form in a ftrai^ht linS ^V""""°' 
 
 •.rn.cMwh.£i„;t:trh:^-l?;iit' 
 
Drcd. 
 
 ! ;i 
 
 Com. 
 
 r 25 ] 
 
 true line, and upon a •■ear point. — But if the 
 ih is makiiii^ in a winding direiftion, and that 
 tntion ih not to form, or not to take up 
 
 tnur 
 
 th 
 
 if int 
 
 Atten 
 ia lice. 
 
 ftiaightline, the Platoons remain on the ground 
 on winch they halt^ and do not move in any 
 Ihape, until they receive a furihcr 9rd«r^ cither 
 to form in line ; or fir ft to cover, and then to 
 form ; or to continue the march. 
 «g. The commanding officer always condu(5^s the 
 head of his battalion column to the point at 
 which ii is to mttr a new line, and he takei 
 care in lime to difpatch a mounted officer to »f- 
 ceruin that point. — When the platoons whtd 
 wp into line, he immediately (if neceflary) cor- 
 rea$ the drelEng of the Battalion from the flank 
 which led when in column, and that generally 
 upon a point beyond the other flank. 
 
 When afling in line with others, the Com- 
 manding Officer of each Battalion conforms to 
 the movements of the regulating one, and from 
 it takes and rapidly repeats his words of Hah^ 
 IVbitly Mmrch^ &c. ; and the leaft dflay in re- 
 peating the words Halt^ or March^ muft un- 
 doubtedly diforder the line in proportion to that 
 delay, for the whole of a line (hould marth^ or 
 hah^ at the fame ioftant. 
 
 \ In line, the commanding officer is in rear of 
 the colours, from thence, by marked cautions^ 
 he makes his battalion Jtep-tut^ or^et^Jhtrt^ or 
 imlinty as is neceffary to prelerve its place in the 
 jreneral line ; his great attentio.i is to fee and 
 ])revent the beginning of faults, and not to wait 
 till they have had their efFcdt i by watching and 
 regulating his advanced ferjeants, he beft regu- 
 lates his battalion ; the fquarenefs of the march, 
 the compaiSlnefs of the files, snd the equality of 
 licp, arc the great obje<fts he is to iiave in view. 
 
 —The 
 
[ 26 J 
 
 --The other mounted officers are behind the 
 'vmgs, and can a^Hft much in prevent.nJ"au ts 
 •nd m correaing tbem. ^ ' 
 
 All the battalions of a line muft W/ at the n .«•„ 
 W.„rtant,n confequence of that word re in ll? 
 tk^nt y "^^'"'"^"^^'"g officer,, whether thelare 
 then eorrea or not in hne.-.E.u/> half battalion 
 ^on .ts own colour, and the me.i l.okin,. to ir" 
 w.ll be .mmed.ately dre/Ted on the c.,lou,s^.f chc 
 next adjoining battahon ; by th.s ;ne.ns a Ic 
 ner.l continued line will be obtained, and at 
 
 ioursi .nd ,f all the colours ftiould have truly 
 
 il^/T""^ 'naftraightiine. But ift le Z..!^ 
 ..not jultlymade, and that a better line n-.u(t 
 be obra.r>ed the colours of the dcfeaive b.t- 
 tal.ons Will be brought into the general Lne ■ 
 the platoon officers will qu.ckly arrange themi 
 ^Ivcs, .yes W.11 be ordered to tUe n.o^t .r d e 
 "^en w.ll .n an infbnt ^.,;. .,p ; to^ much ce! 
 |emy canijot be ufed in co.npleti.ig th.s opera- 
 
 Jtstlo'^K?'^ f»''«a]ion, when it halts, is dre/lVd on 
 , J^(t •''■ '"^*^^'"^'- -o^npany, and is ther./ore 
 >" a Itra.ght Jme.—l wo battalions drefs each 
 *rom Its center on each other's colour. »heir 
 ou ward w.ngs conforming, and are therefore in 
 a itra.ght I.ne.~ Three or more battalions drel^ 
 .om the enter of each on their n.xt colour ; 
 and therefore .t all the colours halt in a ime the 
 .- o. the whole will be fha>,ht:;ftneyrr;o 
 a l,ne,the general hne w.li not be (iraight 
 
 Will be thrown out of the general dirtr^i.on 
 
 ^^hen a battalion retire-,, and /Wn, it o.^-ht 
 nevr to remain m that ht-ution, but be i:r,:ne. 
 
Ir.tcrv^U. 
 
 Ai(1s in 
 
 /tten. 
 
 ^^^^^^^^^Hr 
 
 Clofe CO 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 [ 27 ] 
 
 (liat.ly /cf.'^ about, and dicffcii to ihc proper 
 
 '"The grcateft fault that a battalion in line can 
 nrakc is incrcafing itsii.tcrval : bad dremng may 
 be reriKdicd without danger, but a falfe diUancc 
 r relents a weak, part to an enemy, and is not to 
 be clofed, without a hazardous movement, and 
 ereat ;'pei'3tion of the line. 
 
 Commanding officers cannot take too much 
 precaution to aiccri.un Hue points m the line m 
 v. hich they are to form, before the arrival of their 
 
 battalions in r«. ^ r 1 — 
 
 When a battalion is exercifing fingly, a com- 
 manding officer niould have two camp colour 
 bearers behind each flank, properly tramed, and 
 ready to run out to that flank, to give points ot 
 marching, forming or drefling upon the true line. 
 —In doing which, one flanic of the battalion i» 
 generally confidercd as in that line, and often 
 
 ''words of command cannot be fpccified for all 
 the variety of circumftances and lituations that 
 occur-, but commanding officers being them- 
 Clves clear in what is to be done, fhould by 
 d.aina and explicit orders, which they divide 
 and adapt to the occafion, lead tncir battalions 
 through all the points of execution. w:th preciii- 
 on ; this will always be found the (horteft path, 
 nor on a^iy account fbould any operation once 
 a battalion is aflVmbled underarms) be perform- 
 ed in a carelefs or (lovenly manner, which will 
 sl-a^avs be the cafe if the commander s orders arc 
 not pointed, loud, and fufftciently expUnatory. 
 
 A battalion cto/e column forms m line on US 
 front divifion, on its rear divifion, or on a cen- 
 tral on», according as circumflances require ; 
 and in all cafes the line formed upcn is that on 
 
C 28 3 
 
 which the head of the column or columns Is halt- 
 ed before the formation begins, and therefore the 
 diviHon on which each battalion at any time 
 forms, moves up at the proper intlant, and halts 
 on that line. — When feveraJ clofc battalions, 
 ftanding on the line, are to extend and form, the 
 regulating and named battalion ^n/jr can be obli- 
 ged to form on a central divifion ; each of the 
 others v/iil form on its front, or rear divifion, viz. 
 on that which firft arrives at its ground, where 
 it halts, fronts^ and occupies its proper place, 
 while the others move on, and fucceffively come 
 up to It. 
 
 In forming line from clofe column, points po,^;^. 
 muft be given beyond both flanks in the diredli-inline. 
 on of the line, and a mounted ofHcer halts, and 
 fronts, each divifion, which is equtlly neceflary 
 for thofe that form upon a rt^r one, a' though luis 
 fo for thofe that form upon a front one. — The 
 dreffing and correction of the line is from the firil 
 formed divifion towards the other flank, and all 
 the eyes of the battalion are of courfe turned to 
 that nrft formed divifion. 
 
 The fame number of p^Z/f/x are required for As many 
 the march in any alignement, and wheeling upP"'"!*"* 
 into line of an open column of one battalion, aSf*r"ne 
 for that of fevera! battalions, viz. one wheiw the battalion 
 line is entered, and (alv/ays) two beyond the head "» ''"" **• 
 of the column. — Therefore, though thefc pre-**'** 
 cautions may appear formal for the movements 
 of the battalion when fingle, yet are they necefla- 
 ry in all its exercifes i when it is recolieded, 
 that fuch battalion is in the place of and mul^ 
 cunfider itfclf as the leading one of the column, 
 on whofe correct portions thofe of every follovy- 
 ing one depends. — The fame exa^^nefs is rcqui- 
 ."'^ in every extcnfioa from dole column into 
 
 line* 
 
[ 19 ] 
 
 line and in every fo'-ing an<) change of pofition 
 hlt'.he bauJ.a,; ,nakes.-U fine. >.. order ,o 
 qua! ly >he battalion for afling n g^'""^ '^'^^ 
 lull at Its finsle exerc.(e» work on points fixed 
 Td relative and make no chance and .cc.d.ntal 
 
 rr:":for^^o„ and at ""^ j^"" -j^Kl^-i 
 
 :r™-r' Xetfr ;.:::• tec Lcn";;;' canno. be ex. 
 
 "■""' "ofaed or depended on, wl.en the line .s advan- 
 
 ,,v.n. pecteo or "'F ' ■ harraflod ip. 
 
 cinff on an enemv, wnen a ^uip^ 
 
 ['s Senear, and when it is unfafe to lend out ofh- 
 
 4 &c -In ruch fituations every thmg w.ll 
 
 depend on the eye and judgment of condua.og 
 
 nfficcrs who muft prefer ve fuch d.rea.on of 
 
 r^lnr and feize fuch accidental points as 
 movement, ana ici^c »"'■" u-Jt* .uKirh 
 
 ^rtkot themfclves, and lead to tne objed which 
 
 is to be accompliftied. . . 
 
 n whatever'lhape a ba-ulion .s mov.ng, be 
 
 commanding officer is never t"l^f=^g''« ;■;''„'; 
 Breat Prlr-ciplt, thzt the battalion lh»uld at no 
 fime CO er more ground than its proper extent 
 Xn formed in llf.e.-Therefore it he is march- 
 "g in line he mull take care th^t h,s files do 
 proper « fc J I, he is marching in column, his 
 
 ;:l!' ■" ;: a" «?en.ion is that his ^ivil-ns do no, open^ 
 Vor this purpofe his march mutt be jull, ..J 
 
 compaa, 'is wheels quick, -"1 ^ ' "'"""'Xftt 
 . wt vi/hich - :'f extent of tiont, mult be 
 
 ;r;:;::^ot;h.pe. the^.^.^i^--^^ 
 
 of the colun.n or tu .nange f ^^'^^^^^^---^'J.^^^ 
 the front is to be din'miiheJ, he ir ult fee that the 
 doublme divifion aacic.ns us pace, and when dw- 
 engage^ the other divii.on that .t mclmes 
 
 well up, quick, and covers thereby not .mpeUmg 
 rd.]^^n bel^lnd it, ^ hen the front, t^ 
 
 T^e bat- 
 talion in 
 ro fitui'i- 
 tion cover!) 
 fnore 
 ground 
 ihan the 
 
f 30 ] 
 
 increafed, the moving up divifion does it quick 
 •nd by oblique marching:. 
 
 The commanding officer muft recoUr6l, diat WarcMng 
 in the winding movement* of the 9pen column »/*" *" '"8- 
 ^tirfh, — the wheeling diftance« muftbejulvj that"*"**"** 
 the pivots are to rollow on the exa£l tradtjwhich 
 the leading one has tracc-d out ; that the whole, 
 when ordered, hall on the prccife gr< r^d they 
 then occupy j and that when they wheel up and 
 form, the line will then be a continued, but pro- 
 bably «n irregular curved one.— But if a flraighc 
 line is to be entered »nd formed upon, from tht 
 point wi.ere the head enters, and not fooner, an4 
 where t mounted offcer lemains poOed, does 
 every platofr- ^!vot officer begin to cover in tht 
 true line, to march in that line, and to prcfcrvc 
 his true di (lance : nor muil any obftade that 
 can poffibly be furmounted, ever force the pivot 
 officers out of that line; alr^.High th« men of 
 their platoon, when it becomes neced*ary, may 
 open or widen their files from them. — And if tht 
 pivots on account of any material obfVacle are 
 thrown for a time out of the line, they (houl4 
 always, if pofflble, move to the hand which 
 carries them behind the line, and again re-enter 
 it when they can j and for which purpofe an of- 
 ficer, or non-commiffioned officer, ibould be pla* 
 ced where they are to re-enter it. — In marchi ng in 
 the alignement, the field officer Ihould frequently 
 place b:rn/iif'in\tiW'ithz glance of the eye fee whe- 
 ther his files preferve it, and correct them if nc» 
 ceflary. 
 
 As onf field officer at a time muft command 
 the battalion, the others prefent can only a<St in 
 aid of him, nor can their lituation in all cafes be 
 afcertaincd ; but iliould the conr.manding officer 
 not be ai the head of the open column (when it 
 
 marches, 
 
[ 3« ] 
 
 
 i ^ 
 
 : halts) to cor- 
 
 f ^ 
 
 r KatThe wheeling up may not be delayed. 
 
 ,hccomn,.nding officer .s "»' behind .he ccn«r 
 when the baitnlion marches in line or halts the 
 r,her field officer from that ntuafon can im- 
 .Ji>r,l«,.ivc every proper aid in movement, 
 r, in 1 nine as it ought when halted i and in every 
 clft it murt be evilen, in what manner the com- 
 
 ■"'d'r^ te"nnV "."'otre^k and wheel into 
 WMIlnt ^ '""'''; If L,cb in almoft all cafes it i> 
 
 ^r the wheel is in this manner made on the p.- 
 
 , flanks and although divifions may be une- 
 vot flanks .and ait B ^ ^^^ ^,^^^, ,„ 
 
 rl'„rgVwb^h t^loVafter the wheels are made 
 
 ^"me'n a battalion makes . ""red echellok, 
 Att«. w ncn a " . ,, of , confidetable line : the 
 
 ^"l^'tj'wrrt'ey e'^r^shis'pa^lili. 
 ceding h.m, VII. that nep ^^^^ u^cti^U 
 
 tv^t:^?"'r-"^i-tfr.h^i';.rr 
 ti'u'::^r:::rorf:r'rd'(f Hich wi.ou. 
 
 iJeat attention will happen) ""-i '^"/'"i"?"- 
 
r 11 T 
 
 4rf Th^'bat^^ur* ""^•^ '" ^*''^*" ^ ^^ »»r H.e command 
 ^ J^he wort, ourkcd in luUc. ^ ^,^ ^, ^, ^„„,„,^ ^^ ^^ ^^ 
 
 AbAraft. 
 
 Words of eomnantf. 
 
 t. 
 
 Whentl* battalion f.fCoMfANiE,, «,6«t' 
 halted, and wheeh up I (or , Err) whee" 
 by dmfion. of any<> Qj,,ec Ma.ch. 
 Kind to either flank | 
 (hero the right). [^ ^/'. l>re/s. 
 
 A caution. 
 
 By the leader of eaolt 
 compan/. 
 
 «.• 
 
 backward, intropcn I wheI. "^*"'' U'^ front rank of th, 
 column or co„,pa:«r Q^'« Ma.ch. ^"'"P-^ ''"— 'd* 
 (ihenghtinfroni.) J HaU^ Drift. J B/ the leader of e..ch 
 
 compan/. 
 
 3. 
 When divifions are TTo tm 
 halted in column.anH j wheel 
 wheel up to either^ 
 hand to form io line | 
 (to the left). I a^,^ Q„j^^ 
 
 LETT 
 INTO LINE. 
 
 A caution. 
 
 Quick Makcn. 
 
 5 
 
 I By 
 
 each Kider of • 
 divitoon. 
 
 When the head 
 the column wheel 
 into a new direc 
 lion, marche* on, 
 and is follovvfd by 
 (be rear divifioni. 
 
 j c I Hatu night. 
 
 Halt, Drefi, 
 AUirth. 
 
 Halt^ rrteelf 
 Hah, Drejt, 
 Mar(b% 
 
 T One word of command, 
 I h<lr being ncr.ly % 
 V cait en before the 
 f Quick March 11 ta. 
 
 J taken up. 
 
 ^ The firft divifion 
 I msrche* when the f*. 
 > cond i> W'thin i p». 
 I ce», and ihtreby djci 
 
 J not i.npedcitj wticcL 
 
 IEach fuccee-'ioft divi- 
 yifion wl.ccU in the 
 f:'aine manne^r at the 
 leading one. and 
 raarclie« on when itt 
 preceding one i* at 
 J iu dw« diftaoce. 
 
»^ 
 
 ? 
 
 u 
 
 I; 
 
 .- I F 
 
 Abftrad^. 
 
 C 33 J 
 
 Wordi of command. 
 
 Fr«m ' T to form open 
 col ^m t»l compame*. } 
 beliin , tiie ri^hl com- » 
 
 Right »ace. 
 
 Quick Marc*. 
 
 Hakf Front, 
 
 C. 
 
 When the column of 
 companio it to 
 change its front, b>" 
 the countermarch ot 
 tach company. 
 
 When the battalion in 
 halted, and U to< 
 inarch in front. / 
 
 f CoMPAKieS WILL 
 COUNTKH MARCH 
 
 Right (or left) 
 
 FACt. 
 
 (^Makch. 
 
 halt^ Front, 
 
 Drt/t. 
 
 The battalion 
 
 will acvancx. 
 
 Mam CM. 
 
 8. 
 
 When the battalion 
 it to halt. 
 
 \ 
 
 The right company 
 
 ftard, (art, and 'h« 
 ct' cr c mpariet ^rs 
 oidcit«l to wheel nto 
 open cc'iuiitn, lacing 
 to tl a c >mpdiiy. 
 Ihi coinj anics th.t 
 • are to wheel face to 
 ihe light. 
 
 ' he ftijeart> fuccef- 
 fjvelv take flank 
 points, and the com- 
 I a ic^ march in file. 
 Each o.ticer lucccrflive. 
 ly, halt& and (routt 
 his company, when 
 hia flank manariivM 
 at his ferjeaot. 
 
 A caution. 
 
 Each c-it^'^pany facet. 
 
 in file. 
 
 Each company fcft* 
 ratcly. 
 To the pivot flank. 
 
 C The center ferjcaatt 
 t move out. 
 
 Halt. 
 
 \ 
 
 The advanced fcr- 
 jeants return to th« 
 battdlion. 
 
 „,. ,9- C The battalion ?The 
 
 When the battalion is ) willmitire. 5 •"«• 
 
 baited, and it to re >Rioht about face. 
 
 »'"• C MAaclt^ 
 
 ferjsantt move 
 
 Wh;n the ha talion af. 
 ter refirirjc come* lo 
 it* proper bonu 
 
 i" 
 
 alt, rtOMT. 
 
 rOne command, and 
 < the feijeanti return 
 C to the b4(tdlion. 
 
 ii. From 
 
 ^ -»^ 
 
.- 
 
 Abftraft. 
 
 [ 34 3 
 
 Words of command. 
 
 II. 
 
 L •". *ne to form clofe-< 
 c*' nn in front of 
 the right divifion. 
 
 Fr 
 I 
 
 OM CtOSE COLUMN^ 
 N moNT or THE> 
 ICHT DIVISION. J 
 
 A caution. 
 
 Right faci. 
 Quick March. 
 
 Hj/t, F'rrit. 
 
 Lefty Drefs. 
 
 All the other compt* 
 
 and difen. 
 
 leading 
 
 12. 
 
 Prom line to form 
 cl.if3 column behind'^ 
 the right company, or 
 divifioa. 
 
 ■J All the othe 
 ( nics faie ai 
 f f?age their 
 J Hanks. 
 
 > Each company. 
 
 'FoR\f CLose coiumnT 
 
 BEHIND THE RIGHT >A Cautiofl. 
 DIVISION. 3 
 
 "J All the other com] 
 f nits face, and difi 
 r itaije their pi 
 J flanks. 
 
 Right r aci. 
 
 Quick March 
 
 Halt, Froi'tj 
 Left, Dreft. 
 
 I 
 
 hach company fuccef. 
 (ively. 
 
 J3. 
 
 From line to fcrmclofe .' 
 column on a ccnirai ^ 
 Cumpany. I 
 
 f Form ctosE column "% 
 
 (ON THE ■ C.jM- ^ 
 
 PANY; the tllGHTf 
 INTRONT. J 
 
 , -J All but the nan 
 
 Inwards tacz. J . V, 
 
 f company, and dif 
 
 Quick March. \ j^^^^ '^"'"' ^'' 
 ^- J flanks. 
 
 • A caution. 
 I All 
 
 Hj't. Fr.nt. 
 Left, D.efi. 
 
 Each company fuc< 
 cefllvcly. 
 
 14. 
 
 TFORM MNE ON THE? . 
 
 ■ V A caution. 
 
 FRONT COMPANY. ^ 
 
 From clofe column to , 
 form linuon 'he irorK"^ 
 tompuiy (tlic light I 
 in iiuot). I 
 
 L 
 
 L ► F r face. 
 Q^ March. 
 
 Halt, front. 
 
 Diefs. 
 Alarrh. 
 
 Halty Drfs, 
 
 \ 
 
 Each company when 
 opprfite to its 
 ground. 
 
 When arrived In line. 
 

 I 
 
 Abftraft. 
 
 r 35 ] 
 
 Word! of command. 
 
 fFo»M LINK ON THE 7 - 
 
 I ««A« COMFANY. C ^ "Utlon. 
 
 I D ^ 
 
 7 All except the real- 
 
 's- 
 
 From clofe column to } •< 
 form in line on rhe 
 rear company (the 
 right in front). 
 
 Right tacz. 
 „ Quick March. 
 o H ^ 
 [ 3 rt / ^'"'(1^' 
 
 2 J^fl/r, Dre/:, | 
 
 company^ 
 5 A» foon as uncover 
 I ed. 
 
 When it arrives 
 line. 
 
 ia 
 
 HAtT, 
 
 Front. 
 ■Drefs. 
 
 March, 
 
 7 When oppofite itt 
 5 ground. 
 
 H, 
 
 Drefs. 
 
 I 
 
 When it arrivei in 
 line. 
 
 1 6. 
 
 (the r,ght .r; .ront) / company. 
 
 ccntT "' °" »fOuTWARns face. 
 central company. J Quicr March. 
 
 on a re.r company?!-Thofe ZtVr^' ' °^/'' P'"'"^ « '" f"'"'"'"? 
 on a front company. ^ '' *'' '" '"' °^ '^ P^»'="d »• i" form 05 
 
 «A^tr:'oKxT«rcVm'''''' '^'^"" ="'° line, a mounted of»5=er 
 fgcceOlkly. ^'"''''°'"P^"y*'^ '^•^'^'on (of which it is compofed) 
 
 > 
 
 'i 
 
 ^, 
 
 ^*^^ 
 
> 
 
 h 
 
 r