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^» 
 
H 1 s '1' () m' 
 
 OF 
 
 ST. RAYMONI3S CHURCH, 
 
 \\T.SI(,III->riK. N \. 
 
 »v 
 
 RHV. D. 1>. ON HILL 
 
 AS'^IsTWI Rl . 1 ' >K ST. KAYMiiMis; 
 
 CIIAIM.AIN OF rilK N. N'. cATIlOl.K I'K()TKCT< )RV 
 
 \vi;>i( iiKsri'.i;. n v. 
 
 N. Y C. I'KnTKi lOKV I'I'.IXT, 
 u K> niii- - ii:i;. s. v. 
 
 /•6^r 
 
L'(ii"» KK.in-, i>Si)S, 
 l<i:\' 1). 1'. < »M.11.L. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 'lluiiiks arc icIuiikmI lo \'cr\- l\r\ . 1',. McKcr.iia, pastDi' 
 f)t' Si. Rax-moiul's, ami to tlic N. \'. L'atholir I'rolccti »ry, tor 
 coiirU'siis c.xtriulcd to ihc writer while eiiL;a;^etl in the 
 publication oi tlii> treatise. He is indebted lor material lo 
 \'er>' Rev. Thomas J. Lan![)bell, .S. J., .^t. John's College, 
 I'\jrdham, X. \'.; Corporation Counsel's (jfricc, N. ^'. Cil) ; 
 Shea's lIistor)'of Catholicit}-, I'. S.; State Libr.iiw Albanx-; 
 the X. \'. Historical. I.enox. Astor, Cathedral, and Catholic 
 ("lull libraries. X. \'. City. Tl was the intent ion of the au- 
 thor to jjresent the History of .St. RaN-mond's in full, u]) to 
 the date of the dedication of the new church. Oct. 2s, iS()S. 
 X'arious cii'cumstances compelled him to chani^e hisoriL;inal 
 resolution, and ofler this work in a series of essay's. \\hii;h 
 will a{)pear at .stated intervals. 
 
II ISTOltY 
 
 —OK 
 
 ST. KAY.MUNDS CIIUKCIl 
 
 k 
 
 CIIAI'TKK 1. 
 
 (/Al in •l.ICriV IN WKSrcilKSIKK r(ilM\- .\.\1> l<i\VN. N. \ ., 
 
 ■^- "• '755» '75^. '737- 
 
 [An Kssay composed in honor cf tlic I )c(lic;itinn, ( )<t. j^ iS.^S, of the New 
 St. Raymond's Ctiurdi, West Clu-tir, N. \.] 
 
 UK muster roll (jf C^aptaiii Isaac C^rsa's New 
 ■V^ ^''>i"l< Westchester Coiiipanv, from Mav 
 '^,_ 2()th. to Dec. 5, 1753, contains tlie Roman 
 Catholic and Irisli names of Joini Maher, 
 Patrick Fitz^a-rald, Roj^a-r Dornev, Patrick 
 Martin. William Hlake, I'atrick ()"Xeill, Patrick Dll;^;i,^'ln. 
 John Welch, Daniel O'Brien, David IJradv, 'Hiomas 
 Ma,o;orerty, Thos. Canniff, John Nolan, and Barnaby 
 McOuade. They enlisted in Westchester for service 
 during the French and Indian War. 1754-1763. and took 
 part in the Battle of Lake Gcovirc, Sept. S. 1755. Daniel 
 O'Brien was the only member of the companv killed in 
 that eui^agement. The victorious English and colonial 
 
ni^toi\ i>/ .sy. /\\i\))i,iHif \s c/i//r,-/i. 
 
 I loops were on I hat occasion coin ma ii< In 1 l»\ ( "ol. Williams 
 and .■^i|- W illiam jolmson, an Irishman; ihc I'icnc-h 1)\- 
 IJaron I )icsk;iii. The projected expedition ai;-aiiist Crown 
 I'oiiit. Lalxc Champlain, was al)an(h )n( <!. and tiie troops 
 were disl)andi'd 1)\' Sir William |( 
 
 filial in. slioi 1 1\ alter 
 
 the elect ioi 
 
 1 ol 
 
 W 
 
 II 
 
 eiir\' near Hk 
 
 attic 
 
 ,i,n-()niid. James Mcdnire, John .M i ( ■(.rmac k. Midiaej 
 C'rosI))-. 'i'lios. Wi'U h. and otlurs. are, I 
 
 i"in I.-;!) to I 760 
 
 reiristered as |.rivates on the other \\\'stc:liester lost 
 These items demonstrati' the presence ol Irish and Cat 
 
 CIS. 
 
 K )- 
 
 11 
 
 cs in 
 
 Westchester, X. \' 
 
 'oin 17;; to 176 
 
 'J. 
 
 Iie\- 
 
 ia\-e made 
 
 seemed to jiaxc left no descendants, and not lo I 
 the same iin|.ressioii on Westchester histor\- and alTair^. as 
 tlK'ir I'aiL^dish, I )iit ch. and hi ench lliii^nienot iiei<4-|,i„,rs. 
 The ci\il disabilities nnder which tin- Roman C\ifholics 
 at that time labored ma\ aeeonnt lor this. Allowi'd to 
 enlist as private soldiers on takiiii;- a simpU- oath ol 
 alleo-ianei', denied tlu public- exercise ol their reli..i,„,_ 
 dis(|naliiie(l by the la v Irom holding- otiice or \()tm<'- 
 pimished 1)\- the pillorv and a tine ol £ 20n lor harlx.riii"- 
 a priest, and death to the priest il captured. a(\itholic 
 
 soldier would, under these eircumstances. hardiv cai'e t 
 
 ( ) 
 
 enter the hoK- stale oi matiinioiu and 
 
 leave ollspriii;^, who 
 
 would be a little bc-tter off than b(Midmen or 
 
 slaws; iior 
 
 would he hax'e an\- inclination to remain in a e<)untr\- a 
 
 IK 
 
 auioni,'- a people so hostile to his relii^ious aspirations f 
 
 ee 
 
 in>'s, and coiuietions. 
 
J/iiti'iy ij ,S(, /un//u'iiii\\ C/iitii/i. 
 
 The Ii'isli-(\'itlii)lic' soldier ti'MiriMl 
 
 (■\(.'ii c';iilur than 
 
 I 
 
 'r?5 '" Nt \v' N'oik ci)li)iii;il militat\- allaiis. | 
 
 1 I 7< >o 
 
 Li ttd 1»(, !li'iii()iii, an I 
 
 ii^hnian, ( iovn)' n- ot New W>\\<. 
 
 wiitfsoi the nnniIxT (»f I li^li C'al liulics l)t-ariii- ai'ins jn 
 the New \ (Ilk tiirccs. The scr\ i( cs niidtrcl, idSj 
 I''S'>. I<» Nrw \'()ik and Wcstdicsiri- l)\- llic d ist in-inMicd 
 Irish ( al Ik (lie sold in- and statesman. ( ii»\-. Th OS. I )onL;an. 
 can nex-er he lor^otten The present .State Assenihh. 
 Christian relii;-ioiis lihei t\ . lowii chaitc-is, niumCipal ^ov- 
 crninent, and Nome Kiile. lor t he ca't ies of All)an\-, New 
 ^ "'i<. ;"i'l ill'" town ol Wi'stchi'stei-, ori^inatetl with him. 
 lit L;a\ r to New N oik a town (-ouiicil to le^ulate its own 
 town allairs, trial 1)\- jnrx-. the ri--ht to \-ole.and reliL^ions 
 toleration h)r all Chiistian heliels. I Ionic Knle. ci\ il and 
 reliidons lihcrt y were the foundations upon wdii( h he built. 
 No wonder, then, that a social lahric. relii^ious. educa- 
 tional, commercial, and political institutions restiiiL: npon 
 such a basis, are to-dav second to none in 1 his or anvot lier 
 land.arc the pridi' of our count ry and state. are the i;lor\- 
 and jo\- ol ever\- New N'orker, who can trul\- sa\- of New- 
 York wdiat St. Taul said of his native Tarsus. " I am a 
 citi/en of no mean cit \ ." 
 
 Captain C'orsa's soldiers were, as far as we know, the 
 lirst rc|)resentati\cs of Catholicity in Westchester Coun- 
 ty: theii- successors, the .\(\adian exiles ot i/^r,. The 
 best apuloi;ies for the Acadians come from such distin- 
 
*» Hisli'i X I't Si. /\,t\iiioiui\ Chill, ■/i. 
 
 ^niislifd ri(.i( si.iiil w I iU'f^ ;is |'",(limiii(l iMiikc. the jiixt 
 l.oli^lcllow. aiiii \\'illi;illi l>;u()li .Mr\(lis, I'l < il r^t ant 
 I'ipisci i|Kil iJivlioj. oi riiiladclphia. iS<>; 1SS7. •■ !•' \ ;iiiL:r. 
 line." I.f »i>^ ic!|( iw's ^rcatcsl | h nin. is a \ im lu al i( mi ( il .\( a- 
 (li.i, and will iniiaiii !ur all lime a lucliiic til llic jpiiir 
 liv("<, Iriif \iitiics, and [laticnl ("iiiislian "-idTci-inu-^ of liic 
 Acadian |h()|(1c. I'.dniiind I'mikc, disi( mi vjn- mi itiis 
 snhjccl. said; '" I lie Acadian^ \\(ic cNiJcd inan .\(i\a 
 Sccitia Mil in-cifiicrs l hat . in t lie cnt^ ol an Ik mc^i nian arc 
 not wiii-tJia lai'l liiiii;." ( Ol. Win^-li )\\ , one . )l \\\v princ-i- 
 pal agents in cai-i\ini;- out llii' Iccicc i >! cxpnlsion. t Im^ 
 ^pt':il^"<: "It wa^ a disa^Tccaljlc and nni^iatclui kind dI 
 dnt V, w liicli rc(jiiii-cd an nn^cncron^ kind < .1 cnnniiiL;, ami 
 a snl)tl(' kind (»! sc'\-ciil \ ." Pdsln ip Sti'vcn^. in Ids lii^ii ii\ 
 III (Ic'di'^ia I \(il i., ]ip. yiC). .417), lims dcsci-ilKs the ticat- 
 incnt III 1 !ic Ac adians : '• It w as an i n li n man act . blend ini; 
 hand, rdbhcry, aixiii, sla\-('r\-. and death, ^-iicli as hislciN- 
 can scarech- ((inal. Tiic\- wci'c (Kclarcd pi isi incrs lor 
 no crime, and destined to expal rial i. m ■■.\\\\\ becanse 
 r!nL;lisli blood 11 owed not in I lieir \-eins. and l-ji^li^h words 
 dwelt not on tlieif lips. This was I'"..iiilisli jioliew ont- 
 raiiinL;- I'jiu-lish hnmanity. They wefc stowed like a cai"- 
 i;-o of slaves, and <;uarded like feIon< of a convict shij'. 
 Thus they were hurried away from their native laud, 
 their fertile tieUls. their once social hearth^, and scattered 
 like leaves, InMhe ruthless winds df Ant nmn. fi-om .Nhe^sa- 
 
tiiii^i'tts to (ic(.i^i;i. aiiioiii;- lliMSf wliu liatrd thi'if rc'li^-- 
 i'lt), (U-k'si<'.| tiicir cuiiif I \ . and HUM M .1 I li< it hinmia-c. 
 I.aiidcil ( til I lic><r distant sh, ,i cs < ,| ( ir, ir^i.i, i liosc w In . h.id 
 "luc know n [dent \-. '\li<i had cnjoNcd |.i(>s|.crit \ . wcri' 
 sronlcd at as vaL:raiit>. ndnccd to !)ci^^af\ , hcaiini;" wit li 
 in flicni l.i'okcn health, lacerated atle( tioiis. udiefe hnl lew 
 Saniaiilans weie lonnd to l)ind np tiu ii wounded spitits. 
 '""I p"iir the oil and wine oj consolation into their 
 achin-- 'hosoins.'" A glance at the histor\- ol Acadia will 
 detetinine whetluT t he st i ict ufcs ol IJnike, Loni^li Ih .\\ , 
 ami Sle\fns aie waiianted. The Acadians weie the 
 descendants ol licncli colonists Ifoni N'ofinandN' and 
 iJarmmdy, who as eaily as |f)05 sefiled on the chores ol 
 the IJay ot ImmkU-. Nova .Scotia, .\cadia. Nova .Scotia, 
 was ceded In' I'dance to l-ai<;land in i/tj. and the Acadi- 
 an s. a I'l-ench and Roman ( 'at holic jieople. Ix-i-an.- the sub- 
 jects ol a ^n)veiiiment at that time animated \>v the most 
 intense hostility to their nationality and reli,<;ioii. Tliev 
 were allowed the exercise of their reiinion as laf as the 
 iLii-lish law jud-ed proi.er. lUit as the Paii^rlish law at 
 that time made the practice ot Catholieitv a crinie, this 
 condition was a farce and a fraud. Thev could leave the 
 colony within a year; hut as the French did not send 
 vessels to take them away, and the Eni,dish would not 
 carry tliein on their shii)s. they were forced to remain. 
 In 1720. tlie anti-Catholic oaths (h-nvinix transubstan- 
 
tiation and tlic spiritual su])i-ciiiacv of the r()])C, were 
 tendered them, and reliis(xl. A simple oath of allei^-ianee, 
 wiiich ihey took, was then demanded. About 1727, 
 Ciov. IMiillij)S exempted them fi^om hearini;' arms aii'ainsf 
 tlic iM'ench, and li^om this time on ihev are kiKJwn in 
 historv as the I-'rcnch neutrals of Nova Scotia. Thev 
 were, ho\ve\'ei\ as l\oman Catiiolics. disli'anehised, could 
 not \-ote or hold othce, were suhject to militar\ L;()\-ern- 
 nient, and were not i-epi-esented in an\' lci;"iNlat i\e assem- 
 bly. rhe\' were several t imes on the i)oint ot eini^i'ating 
 fi'om Acadia, but wei'e ur^ed to remain bv the English 
 governors, who piaised tneii" tempt'iance, hugalitv, and 
 iaboi's, in makiiiL:," what hafl Ix'en a wilderness and a 
 marsh, a land llowing wilii milk and honi v, a \eiatable 
 pfarden ot the Loid. 
 
 The Acadians demanded civil and religious liberty, 
 and guarantees lor the pcacelul possession of t.heirgoods 
 and property. \'ague and indefinite j)romises were held 
 out, l)ut no actual redress ot grievances followed. In 
 some districts, on account of goxernnuMital interference, 
 they were left without priests for yeai-s. ()nl\- a lindted 
 number, approved of by the govermnent, were allowed to 
 minister, and these were very often treated with coiuempt, 
 and expelk'd from the colony on slight pretexts. Their 
 Frcncii-Canadian brethren urged them to abandon Acadia, 
 and llee from the \\i"ath to come. 
 
History of St. Rayinoiid's C/iu/i/i. J) 
 
 lliose cog-iiizaiit (jf the intentions of the government, 
 knew that eventually they would be replaced bv an Eni,-- 
 lish colony, tlesi)()ilcd of their property, and sent into 
 exile and be^-^-arv. 
 
 Shortly before the expulsion in i;55, their bishoj), 
 De Fontbriand, of Quebec, wrote a lettei" uri;in,^: submis- 
 sion to T^n^-lish law, and discountenanced a<;itati()naj;ainst 
 En<4;lisli authority on the part of j riests and people. I le 
 left it to their consciences to decide whether thev 
 would remain in Xova Scotia, or seek a new home amono- 
 their French-Canadian brethren. He demanded Ireedom 
 of worship for priests and people, and his lii^ht as a 
 bishop to visit Acadia every live vears. in order that he 
 mig-ht administer the Sacrament of Confirmation, and as 
 a good shepherd, visit th:;t portion of his Hock which 
 then so sadly needed the care and guidance of its chief 
 diocesan i)astor. These reasonable demands of the 
 bishop were refused. As time went on. the policv of the 
 government did not change foi- the better. 
 
 When the French and Indian War l)rok-e out in 1754, 
 the anti-Catholic oaths were again offered bv Gov. Law- 
 rence, and again rejected. 
 
 It is claimed, by the accusers of the Acadians, that 
 they were at this time guilty of treason— violated their 
 pledges and oaths, and took up arms against the Fn^rHsh 
 government. They were forced by Wrgor. the French 
 
1^^ Jlistory of St. Rayinoiui's Church. 
 
 commander at Fort Beausejour on the Bay of Fundv, to 
 furnish the French <,^arrison with provisions. Three iuin- 
 dred Acadians bore arms in this fort. The terms of 
 surrender granted by Col. Winslow, June lo. 1755. de- 
 clared the Acadians were pardoned because thev were 
 compelled to take up arms against England. The truth 
 of the matter is, that the Acadians were between the I{ng- 
 lish hammer and the ^^rench anvil,— between the devil 
 and the deep sea ; and the result was the shipwreck of a 
 nation. On Sej)!. 5, 1755, Gov. Lawrence ordered all 
 their property, except wearing apparel, household goods, 
 and money, to be confiscated. He also decreed their 
 transportation from Nova Scotia to the neighborin<'- 
 English-American colonic '.awrence asserted that he 
 acted by theauthority of a>, ■ i-Citholic law, passed in the 
 first year of the reign of George 11. There was no such 
 law on the statute book. Idiere was then no anti-Catholic 
 English law authorizing the conhscation of the pn^pertv 
 of a whole community without a trial in each particular 
 case. The law did not punish women, children, or com- 
 mittees, but only individuals, for refusing these oaths. 
 Moreover, the board of trade, the English masters of 
 Lawrence, left it to the colonial chief justice to sav 
 whether there should be a confiscation, and if so, it should 
 be carried out in a legal maniier. 
 
 The English penal laws did not bind in the colonies 
 
J/is/oiv ,>j St. Jut\//U'/u/\s Chill cit. 11 
 
 unless tlicir enforcement was onlen ' bv the home I'-ov- 
 eminent. In fact, we at times see the mother countrv 
 rclusinij: sanction to outraueous colonial lei^islation 
 against the rig-hts and ])roi)ertv ot C\iliiolics. The ten- 
 dency ol lingland at that time was not to pull the reins too 
 tight, but to relax the penal laws in haigland and Ireland. 
 Lawrcnc(\ in actingso summariU, ignored all legal prec- 
 edents,— indicted, outlawed a whole nation lor the laults 
 of a few. To the number of seven thousand thev were 
 seized, and Irom time to time marched on boai'd English 
 ships. In many instances husband was separated from 
 wile and children, wife and children from husband and 
 father. In the meantime, t heii- catt le had been slaugh- 
 tered or given to the English settlers, their houses and 
 churches burnt down, their faiins laid waste. Two 
 thousand were landed in Massachusetts, four hundred 
 and fifty-four in Eeimsylvania, one thousand five hundred 
 in South Carolina, loui' liun<ired in Georgia, nine liun(lre(l 
 in .Maryland, three lunulred and sixtv-six in \'ii-ginia. 
 and between three hundred and lour hundred in Xew 
 \ ork. In Massactiusetts, their wants were immediatelv 
 relieved. They were, however, denied the services ol a 
 priest. The magistrates were finally empowered to bind 
 them out as paupers, and they were fined .and whipi)C'd 
 lor visitmg their Acadian neighbors in the near-bv town 
 Virginia and .Maryland compelled the English uoxer 
 
 IS. 
 
 n- 
 
■!■■>' Jlistory oj St. Rayjiioiui'i Chiorh. 
 
 niciit to transport tlu-in to Hni;latul. Several, however, 
 settled clown in Baltimore. 
 
 i he Acadian iniini<;-ration first alarmed i'eiinsvlvania; 
 but the lln,i,aicnotguaker, l^ene/et, jtleaded their cause so 
 eloquently, that th(>y were allowed to remain. 'J'o the 
 creditol the Fi-ench 1 iui^uenot Protestants in Pi'nnsvlvania 
 and South Carolina be it said that lliev did exeivt hini;- in 
 their power to alleviate the sulTerin^-s ol their unloiiunate 
 Acadian bi-ethren of the samei-ace. b'our hundied landed 
 in Georgia ; but as the law did not allow Catholics to settle 
 there, they were suffered to remain over the winter (jf 
 i;55, built boats, and sailed aloni;- the Atlantic coast to 
 Loni;- Island, X. ^'., which they reached in Au2:ust, 1736, 
 Althon^^h the ,L,n)vernors of South Carolina and Cieorgia 
 furnished them with passports to travel wheie thev 
 pleased, they were arrested on I.on^- Island, 1756, by or- 
 derof Gov. I lardy, New York. The t reatment which this 
 and other Ixands received at tlie hands ol the New \'ork 
 authorities is best leai-ned from a series of manuscript doc- 
 uments on tile in the state library, .\lbanv. X. V. Termis- 
 sion was o^iven by the librarv officials to the writer of this 
 art iclcto make a study of, and take copies of. these very in- 
 teresting;: and instructive lists and letters. Thev are offi- 
 ciallv called" Collection. \'ol. 83.84, of unpublished Eni^lish 
 manuscripts, 1756, 1757. ol the time of Gov. llardv and 
 Lieui. Ctov. Delancey."' These lettersi^ive the names and 
 
Iliitoiy of St. RayiiioiiJ's Church. 13 
 
 luinibcts, tlic cniintics and towns in Xcw Voik lo which 
 these Cat 111 )lit' exiles were sent. T he\' also give the prob- 
 able, an lin some instances certain, time of their arrival at 
 these places. The first letter, vol. 83. p. 56. datetl Mav6, 
 1756, time ot Cjov. I lardv, hirnishes us with " the names ot 
 French neutrals sent bv (iov. Lawrence trom Nova 
 Scotia to Xew N'ork. with their location in the counties of 
 Westchester, Richmond. Suffoik, King's, and Oueens." 
 
 LIST o|-' M W (\ I J^T). 
 
 Cliark'S Saviiit. wifi'. ^ chiliiri'ii. Xi>\\ Uocjiii'lle, Wosidioslcr ( 'n., X. V. 
 < 'li'uii'- I.anii'tliu. " 1 cl.iM, •• " '• 
 
 l!a >elfii;i. 
 
 I*'i'aiii'is fjiirla. " •> 
 
 1-Vaiicis Tmiriinur. '• '_' 
 
 I'aiiicl I iaimii. •• S 
 
 Kraiici- Mariaiii, " f) 
 
 Michael Itiehard. '• •) 
 
 Ali'.\aiiil(i' Ktlicrt. " .'1 
 
 l'Vaiici~ ( 'mniiKi, " 8 
 
 .''iliu ( '1 iiiiniii, " 7 
 
 Jdliii Malic. •' 7 
 
 ( Jjuilo I'uucct. '■ S 
 
 Jo.se[ih niaiicjuinl, " ,'5 
 
 Zakarc Kiciianl, " <J 
 
 Peler Loo. " :! 
 
 .Fiijiii .\L-irtiii. '■ •! 
 
 Louis (iiniii.!. •• 1! 
 
 .fd'ciiia (iiiuijci'. ■' 2 
 
 Sera Ktlicrt. •■ S 
 
 cliiliifL'ii. I{ye. 
 
 ilVP. 
 
 Iticlniioiii], Siatcn Islaii'l, UichiinHKl ( 'r).. \. V 
 
 IvistliaitijitdU. !,uii,l; Islaml, Snnujiv V^.. 
 
 SouthciM. 
 
 Snulliaiii|iti)ii, ■• •• '• •■ 
 
 I!i'<>iiklia\cii. 
 
 Klusliiiiu-. ■* •• •' >• 
 
 Fla!liiisii. " 
 
 .laniaica, " 
 
 l!i!-ii\\ick. '' 
 
 ilciii|istf'ail. " 
 
 (_)y-icr l!ay, " 
 
 TLitiiiiitrtoii. '* 
 
 Kiiiu's Co.. 
 (^liiccii.s Co., 
 
 Xcwtown. " '• " " 
 
 NL'inoraiKJu!,) ..ii liacl<of ijiis list: •■ X.aiiicrt of iioails of fauiiliL's of l-'ronch 
 uciiirals: their miinbcr, witii liicir dc-tiiiatio!i, by onlcr of the ('ouiwil. May 
 
 0. i7r)<; 
 
14 1 li .story oj Si. Raymond^ s Church. 
 
 From ail Act of the Assembly jx'isscfl June 6, 1736, ue 
 are made aware of the presence in New \'ork of a lars^c 
 numberof destitute Acadian minors. The act is printed 
 in volume IV., p. ^,4. ,,f the colonial laws of New York. 
 The Act, verbatim : " An Act to empower tlie Justices 
 of Westchester, Suffolk, (hieens. Kini^rs, and Kichmond 
 County's, respectively to bind out Such of his Majesties 
 Subjects commonly called Neutral French as liave been 
 removed from Nova Scotia to this Colonv and distribut- 
 ed into the said County's. Passed julv 9. i;5r)." 
 
 " Whereas it has been judged necessary for his majes- 
 ties service to remove his Subjects of Nova Scotia 
 commonly Called Neutral French from to Some other of 
 his Majesties Colony's and in Conseciuence thereof a 
 certain number has been received into this Colony Poor 
 Naked and destitute ol every convenience and Supi»ort 
 of life to the End that thcv may not continue as they no'v 
 really are useless to his Majesty themselves and a Bur- 
 then to this Colony. Be It Enacted by his excellencv 
 The Governor the Council and the General Assemblv and 
 it is hereby Enacted by the authority of the same— 
 That his Majesties justices of the peace of the said 
 Several and respective County's or any two of them one 
 whereof to be of the Quorum Shall be and hereby are 
 empowered and required to bind into Rei)utable Families 
 such of them as are not arrived to the ai^e of Twentv-one 
 
'G History oj St. R,n///,>iiJ's Church. 
 
 Years for such a space of time as tlu' said justices shall 
 ju(l«;e proper not exceediti^- the lime ihev shall resj>ec- 
 tively attaiu the ai^^e of T went y-(»ne ^'ears duiiui;- which 
 time they shall he ( )l)lii;ed faithfully and I ndiist lionslv to 
 dischar<;e liieii- Ser\'ice as other indented j)ersons within 
 this Colony are. An(il)eit Provided And Hnacted that if 
 any Such I'ersonor I'ersons within the ai^cof Twciitv-one 
 Years are already become useful Subjects and aieableto 
 Maintain themselves by their labour without Continuini^ 
 a Burthen to the i)ublick then the respective justices 
 Shall by this Act liavc no i)ower to bind out anv Such 
 Person or Persons but are directed and Rerpured to leave 
 them to Supi)ort themselves by their own Industrv and 
 Labour. And be it further enacted by the Authority 
 Aforesaid that the Said justices are herebv directed and 
 required to treat the said people cc^inmitted to their 
 care with all the justice in their power. Observincr to 
 make the most favorable Contracts for them both as to 
 time of Service and the Consideration to be paid them 
 when their time of Service Shall be expired whether it 
 be in Implements of Trade Clothing or other Gratuity." 
 We shall see the use which the magistrates of Westches- 
 ter and Orange made of this Act, in sending out to service 
 one hundred and ten young Acadians. fiftv-cight girls and 
 fifty-two boys " latelv returned August, 1756, with the 
 families of French Neutrals from Georgia." Their names 
 
UtstoiyoJ St, Kityiih'ihi' s C/iKrch. Yl 
 
 and places ol hirih aiv i^iioird ; tlicii- niiiiihi'is and aL,^c 
 arc alone hirnisln-d. One hundred weic un( kr. one voun_<r 
 nian and nine voimir wonicn over the ai^c of twenty- 
 ""<■"• ^ '><-■ above-mentioned yoniiL;- man and Nonn.i; 
 women afe included in the list of Acadian children le- 
 lurned Irom ';e()rL,rin ; and the committing- mai^dslrate or 
 ma-istrates of Westchester and ()ran,<;-e violated the law 
 otJunef). 1756, ill j)iii(iinL;- them out to service. A letter 
 ot Mayor Holland, Xew \'oik. An,i;ust 2J. 1736. tells of the 
 whereabouts ol the Acadians detained 011 Lono- Island. 
 lie reports to ('.(n-erncjr Hardy and the Council, that he 
 had i)laced them for the time beini; on an island in New 
 York J]ay, called at different times, Xntten. Nui, Mutton, 
 or Governor's Island. IBy Au,^-ust 26, 1756, thev were 
 in char<re of Constables Myers and Quick Their names, 
 numbers, and future location in Westchester and Oran^-c 
 were recorded in a document, a cojn- of which follows: 
 "August 26, 1756. naines of the heads of the French Neu- 
 tral families, number of their Children returned from 
 Georgia and distributed through the counties of West- 
 chester and Oranire." 
 
 Paul Divon, wife, two childron. Weslclicstcr Town, Wi'stelicstor Cd, X. V. 
 .roliii Divoii. wife, one child. •• •• •• •• u 
 
 Joiiii Kase, " " n n 1. 
 
 I'ctor Pusa. " " i( .1 II 
 
 ^•■ivinial, .Tiiinali, Philiipslimv. Yoiiker.^, '• " " 
 
 Paul Padrow, wife, one eliild, Bodfcird. " u d 
 
IS 
 
 History,'! St. l\\i\iiioiia"s CiiiiiJi. 
 
 \ViMi'lii'stiT<'o.. N. V. 
 
 liO U'M< 
 
 Krciicis Inisa 
 
 .Im-(.|,Ii l.'clivo. 'Qt'"^* ' '^ >'^ ' ' •• 
 
 .'nllll lliirii.ill. » 
 
 r.llll Wniiilri i\V| l» 
 
 .FilSC|ili ,Illi;ili, I. 
 
 Ji)SO|p|i (;uill;ili, '• 
 
 Miyhcl iJa-iia. wife, fniir cliiMrcn. Iv'i-icIioIit 
 .I'lliii Ila-^icl Triaii. \'ili', two •• 
 
 .li'hii ISaplisl, 
 
 .Fnscpli ( iilli.ia, 
 
 Francis Savov. 
 
 i'l'tiT Siir, w ifc. (iiie cliiM. 
 
 .I'lliii I)ivaii, wile. .Jiic cliiM, 
 
 Pclcr IJcsha, •• live chiMivn, 
 
 J 
 
 Nurili Casiic 
 
 Ci'iiitlamli MaiMir, 
 
 •I 
 i» 
 it 
 
 kt 
 
 »» tt 
 
 '. /vv 
 
 I'clcr iSishaiir, 
 
 Micliai'l Cddila, 
 
 Ciiarlcs ( )<)()(ja, •• •' 
 
 Jiiliti liieliai'il. 
 
 Pclcr Diisaii. wil'c. livr cliiMi-"ii. <)raii-c ("o. 
 
 Jul 1 11 Ila|iti-t Hostroiii:, 
 
 JnSO|ill l>usali, •' " 
 
 .Fail\ Jiniali. '• •' 
 
 Louis .liruali, .• ,. ,. 
 
 Julian Hula, .... .. 
 
 I'clcr ("assiu^^ 
 
 Micliai'l Pxinia, wifo, one cIiiM. <Jraii<:o i)rccincls, .suiilli of ihc ili^ulilamls. 
 w .loscph Sill, wife, l\\ II cliililrcii. 
 
 Francis Ijoilmn, wife, twn chihlren. " " •* •• >. 
 
 " All account tf iiuini)cr of Neutral French taken by us coiisialiles, 
 Asher Myers, Ai.irahain Quick." MeiiKiraiidum on hack : " joth 
 August, 1756. List of I'rench Neutrals." We obtain lurther inl'orniatioii 
 legarchiij,'- these peo])le, from the Hills, Oct. 16th. i;;^, of .Sheriff Willett 
 and justice riiderhill of \Vestclicster, for tlu'ir maintenance while in 
 Westchester Town, and their transportation, afterwards, to North Castle. 
 
llistoiy i>J St. A'iiymoih/'.s C/iiii i/i. 
 
 II) 
 
 
 lledfonl, :iii(l ntluT pl.i. cs in W'estclu-stcr. Letter «>f SIktiIT Wilktl: 
 "< til the _v;lh (if .\u<4nst, \~y>, \ rrteivid :iii cmlir lioiu tlir (idveriior 
 and Cmiiicil to uatlur uiili 4; d tiu- inliahii.iiits ot Nuva S(i)ti;i 
 wild lately arrived at New Sdik tnuii Oe'T-ia, and di-trihiited and 
 traM>|i(irte(l tlieiii and their iiuiiiher ar( uidiii;; t,, du. said order. 'I'o 
 fiitertaimneiit, etc.. lor \\ I'reiu h inMitrals (da\sea(h. at unc shillin,-; 
 JHT day each, Aio: z: o. I'.iitertained l^ of said people 1 da\s loiiKer, at 
 Is. per day ea( h, in all 2o_' davs. lo traiis|)(irtiiiL,^ part ot the .Saul 
 penple and their nuiiiher to \.,rth Castle, liedlord, and to otluT 
 places aloted lor them acedrdiii;^ to the -,iid order ./, t. Ichaii;ed Inr 
 my time, expenci-s, and money ad\ aiiced lor the saiil purpose /,i 4, 2s. o 
 Krrors cxceptd I, \V, ( )ct. K), 1756 I Wii.i.i ri" 
 
 Letter of Justice LJndcrliill. W'tstclicstcr, Oct. 16, 1756, 
 relative to the Acadians in his cliarg-e : — "On the 2, Scj)- 
 teiiiber i/sT) I icceived 9 of (he Inhabitants ot X(na 
 Scotia aij^reeahle to an order front the (ioveinof and 
 Council Directed to the lli<;-li Sheriff and have jdaced 
 Out and disposed of them Accordino; t() the said order, 
 T(j entertainment of 9 Frencli Xeutrals 12 (hi\seach at 
 IS. per day, each at 5/.' 8s. To moneys advanced ex- 
 pences and my Trouble for the same purpose 8s. Mem- 
 orandum ; " Acc'tof 1. W'illett and Mr. justice Underhill 
 account of charges for the French Neutrals from (ieor- 
 gia." The next reference made to the Westchester 
 Acadians in colonial history, comes to us through the 
 a: Y. Mercury, July 11, 1757: "We hear that a party 
 of French Neutrals, who had been for some timej)ast at 
 or near Westchester, made their escape from that place, 
 and were taken up at or near Fort Edward on their way 
 
'iO //iston i>/ Sf. l\a\monJ\ Cliiiiiit. 
 
 to C'i"n\vii I'ttiiit." TliL- iiimui- that .1 lu'W hicUt was 
 ai)niii to !)(.• issued tor their aifest inav have reached 
 them, and caiisi.'d thi'ir alteinpied eseape to Canada. 
 ( )n Aul;-. I ^, 1737, the N. \'. C'oiiiieil directi'd t hi' sheiill.s 
 (tl the sc-veral emiiities to secure the l""ri'iieh Neutrals 
 in the jails ot their sevi-ial counties. This < irder was 
 obcN cd, and Sheiilf llillyei-nt Kiehinoud, Staten Islautl, 
 on Auj;-. 13, 1757, writes to Aixhibald Kt'unedv, Tresidcnt 
 ol the C"(iuncil. inloriniiii^ him that he had i onhned in the 
 Richmond County jail, all the Acadians except the women 
 and children. 
 
 The lot ot these women and childriMi, thus suddenly de- 
 piived ol the assistance and society ol their male icla- 
 tives, must have been pitiable in the extreme. Sherilf 
 llillyer demanded money for the su])port of, and jj^uards 
 to watch, the prisoners. The Richmond authorities 
 would i4"ive him no assistance; hence his appeal to the 
 Council. Daniel jauncey, a Xew N'ork merchant, on Uec, 
 19, 1757, petitioned the New N'ork authorities on behalf 
 of the Acadians. I le offered to furnish, at a small expense, 
 shippin*:; from New York to anv i)lace the i^overnment 
 might wish to transport them. Nothing;- came of this or 
 another re(|uest, 1765, of the Marcpiis de Fenelon to 
 Ctov. Coklen, to take one hundred and fifty New \'ork 
 Acadians, and settle them in the French West Indies, ot 
 which he was then governor. After 1757 colonial history 
 
 a) 
 
 I 
 
J/isfoi\ ,>/ St. /ui\nioiu/'s C/inii/i. 
 
 1 
 
 f 
 
 is siknt rcLxardiiin t he W'cstclu'sifi- Acadian^, aii'l alter 
 1765 New N < ii k cnloiiial (lucunu'iits talsi' no liii I lici' not iic 
 ol tin- I''rcncli Ncut rals in the (litfcftiit New N'ork coun 
 tics. It IS to he lit»|tc(l that hiiM lirr st ikIn' and rcscaii'h will 
 hiiiiL; to hi^ht other hicts (•olu•c'I"nin^■ tlir sul)Sf(]ui'nt liis- 
 t(>r\ and late of thf W'csli Ik Nti r Acadians. In the jtrcccd- 
 ini; |>ai;cs, the writrr has ticatcd the suhjcct in a,i;ciK'ral 
 way. 
 
 it now remains to make a stndv of certain partic- 
 ulars connected wiih t he al)o\ »-• Acadian census, l-'rom 
 official statistics wc learn that 33- Acadian Catholics 
 aiiivcd in the New \'ork colony durini^ the months ol 
 Ma\ and Aui^ust, 175'"). Ol this number. W'estcliester 
 received 141; ()rani;c, Si; Richmond, 13; Sullolk. 44 ; 
 Oueens, 44 ; Kin<;s, 9. 
 
 The Westchester towns obtainetl their (|uota in thefol- 
 lowinii^ order : — May 6, 1756, New KuchcUe, 9 ; Rye, 14. 
 \u^. 29, Sept. 2. Sept. 14, 175'', ^'onkers, i; Bedford, 9; 
 Eastchcster, 16 ; North Castle, \C) ; Town of \"an Cortland, 
 3 ; and 55 Acadian minors bound out lhroui;hout the Ieni,^th 
 and width of the countv. On .^ept. 2(\. I75r), John Divon, 
 wife, and one child; Paul Divon, wife, and two children ; 
 John Kase and I'etcr Dusa, unmarried ; arrived in West- 
 chester Town, N. W, now included witliin the present 
 boundaries of St. j'vavmond's ])arish. From Sept. 2 to 
 Sept. 14. 17;^'), thev were Iodised in the old colonial West- 
 

 clicstcT town and count \' jai 
 I lisloi'v of W'cstclic'stcr. vol. 2 
 and huiait down in 175S. It w 
 IV'tt'i's I'lotcstant I^jjiscojial 
 
 llish'ry (>/' S/. kaxiitciij" > C/nirc/i. 
 
 Ac'Cordinij;" to liollon's 
 
 p. 209, it was built, in 1700, 
 
 as located on the site ot St. 
 
 )arocliial sciioolliouse. toi u 
 
 SITK Hi- (II, h ('(il.dNI \1, ,1 \ll, wn coriMIKU'SK, WKSTillKSTKi; TOWN. 
 
 down some vears a^"o. This field — Protestant R])iscoi»al 
 church ])ropertv^ — ^on Westchester Avenue, adjoiniuL,^ St. 
 i'etei-'s !'. 1{. inortuarv chapel, is the Ik'thleheni of (/atho- 
 licitv in Westchester Town, it will ever be to St. Ka\- 
 
 A 
 
Ilh't(>r\t'f .S7. /u!\i/it'iiii\s C/iiii i/i. 
 
 'i'.\ 
 
 nintul's palish an < )l)irct ol \cncratinii and !< )\t, a lioU fi h ul 
 sanctitic'd h\' t lit- presence, t!ie lears, the ^iithi iiiL;> ot t.lie 
 Acachaii conlessors ol the laith. Theii' \<)ke ina\' ha\e 
 been nia'U' sweet, and tlieii' lini(K'n eas\-, 1)\' tlie inmisti'a- 
 tionsol I'athei- l-'ainiei', the Je^nit then hdjorinu" on the 
 I'ennsN hania and New jer>e\ inissioi,^. Sdine say he 
 passed through tlii^ ic^ion in dis^'nise, and attiiided to 
 the wants ol the \\'estchest,ei-( 'at holies. Il he otleicd uj) 
 the holv saeriliee or achiiinistered t he saeiaments, it niu.^t 
 ha\c' been with the uttiiost eare and eantion. 
 
 Marriai;-e eonti'acted pri\-atel\' Ix'tore two witnt'sse^. 
 
 pidvatc baptism, dispensations Irom thi' Ikinns, and cer- 
 tain iinpedinients. were privile^;es conceded by the 
 Bishoj) ot ()iicd)ec, in instructions issiud Idt tiieir ^nid. 
 ance bv tha: prelate. Tiieir L;Teatest spiritual tribula- 
 tion was th.e want ol priestlv aid and comiort. Xe\er- 
 theless, this Hock, lor vears without a shepherd, an altar, 
 a tribunal of penance, or sacramental oils. luwer lor^-ot 
 Sion, but said the pravers and san_i;' the son^-s ot the 
 Lord in a stran^'c haiuL Thev liave been accused of manv 
 offences: but their principal fault and crime was that 
 thev lo\'ed laith and tatherland, not onU' too wiseK. but 
 too well. Their sins, accordiiii^ to their enemies. ma\' 
 have been as red as scarlet and crimson, but just love ol 
 countiw, and tidelit\- to religious coiuiction, made their 
 imperfections and frailties as wdiite as snow. 
 
~ IToicctorj- / ^^ 
 
 I'fini. 
 \^ W,.M rh,>t.r. ^