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My Lord Bishop, — In accordance with your Lordship's wishes, I have as a Lay delegate to the Diocesan Synod, been furnished with a copy of your Lordship's proposed Canon on the appointment of a Bishop Co- adjutor. The great importance of the subject, and the limited time for the consideration of the Canon, must be my excuse for venturing to respect- fully address your Lordship with respect to its provisions. For my own part, it reached me within less than three weeks of the day fixed for the assembling of the Synod at which it is proposed to be passed. Since I received it I have been much away from Saint John. This is to me a matter for regret. I may possibly have misap- prehended its provisions. At present, they seem to me fraught with serious danger to the interests of the Church. ^ 2 For years pa'jt tlie sound rule for Churcli work in your J^cjrdsltip's Diocese has l)een to do nothing rashly. Measures have heen su])initted and discussed commonly at the next meeting of the Synod, and only after careful consideration, and the fullest notice. And wliile 1 raav well understand your Lordslup's desire that the work of the Diocese should not in any degree suffer through any anticipated failure of your Lordshi])'s strength, yet I cannot but feel that the Diocese may sutler more, and more permanently, from the hasty adoption of a measure so important as that now proposed. And 1 ho})e and pray that your Lord- ship may yet be long spared to be our Chiel" Pastor in the Church of God. I now ask your Lordship's attention to the })roposed Canon, as 1 have placed it at the end of this letter, in parallel columns with that already existing for the election of a Bishop of the Diocese in case of a vacancy in the See. 1. And first, I ask, is it prudent or is it wise that a Canon should be adopted for the election of a Bishop until provision lias been made for his permanent stipend and support? Under the Canon now in force no such difficulty can arise. The per- manent endowment of the See of Fredericton has, I believe, been pro- vided, in part by the liberality of those Churchmen in England wlio formed, many years since, the " Colonial Bishoprics Fund," and in part by funds contributed and invested within the Diocese itself. And that endowment was completed before your Ijordship's appointment and consecration as Bishop of the See. But the proposed Canon provides for tiie choice of a Coadjutor Bishop, for whose support, so far as I am aware, no provision has yet been made. And the Coadjutor Bishop so chosen is to be invested with lull right of succession to the See. Will not the practical effect be to unduly limit the Synod in the choice of your Lordship's Coadjutor and successor? We have among our Clergy men of zeal and learning who are grow- ing old in the ministry of the Church. AVe have rising men of lesser age, sons of our own land, whose parents have struggled to educate them for tlieir great and holy work, but can do for them nothing more; those again who have come among us as Missionaries, and are now settled among us, and have become, to a greater or lesser degree, identified with the land of their adoption. But how many and which of them could accept the position of Coadjutor Bishop without stipend, if nomi- nated and elected ? The stipends of our country Clergy are still barely ^ snffic'iont foi- their support. Tliey admit '^f no accumulations sucli as miglit enable their ))ossessor to maintain his position from his private means. And, were it otherwise, is it desirable that the Episcopate should be limited to men of property, or that the question of individual wealtli should in the least degree be permitted to interfere with that of suitableness for the office and the work? But it has been stated, I know not on what authority, that it is your Lordship's kind intention to set apart from your Lordship's private income a sum sufficient for the support of a Bishop Coadjutor. But is it wise that the holder of an office so important should be in the position of a Curate, dependent on the means, and therefore on the will, of the Bishop of the Diocese for the the time being only for his support? Pardon me if I speak too plainly. No one shall yield to me in regard for your Lordship, or in respect for your Lordship's great learn- ing, high character, and Christian zeal. But the Canon itself supposes that your Lordship will not always be our Bishop. Who your Lord- shi[)'s successor may be, we know not. Is it wise to invest him with such power as the proposed Canon gives? Is it just to the Clergy that the succession to the See should be so arranged that a Bishop may practically control the election of his successor? Is it fair to the Laity to ask them to adopt such a Canon until, through the action of a Committee of the Synod, or otherwise, they have had an opportunity of ascertaining how far, as a body, they are able to contribute to the Bishop Coadjutor's support ? Sooner or later the burthen must fall upon them. That any pledge your Lordship may see fit to give in this respect, will, to the utmost of your Lordship's power, be fulfilled, we may well believe. But your Lordship cannot bind your successors, nor is the uncertainty of worldly wealth confined to the Laity alone. It is quite within the range of possibility that a Bishop miglit undertake to provide the salary of a Coadjutor, and yet find himselt^ through altered circumstances, unable to do so. On the Laity the burthen must eventually fall, and at a time perhaps when, ihrough the further withdrawal of the S. P. G. grant, they are less able to meet the claims of the Church upon them than at present. Surely then it would be unwise to pass such a Canon until this question ot' Stipend has been considered and fairly met. And not merely, it seems to me, would the attempt to choose a Bish- op Coadjutor until provision has been made for his support, unduly limit the olioice witliiu tlie Diocese; it would render it very difficult to (. select elsewhere. I trust and hope that our next Bislio]) may ])e chosen from the ran'ks of tlie Clergy of the Diocese. But I cannot shut my eyes to the fact that in other Dioceses the solution of grave difficulties luis been found in the choice of some one from a distance, or even in a reference to a Committee in the Mother Land. Why should we debar ourselves from the exercise of such a privilege, if at any time it appear needful to exercise it? But how could the P^nglish Committee of Ref- erence be asked to appoint to a Bishopric without a fixed stipend attached ? Or what Clergyman of standing in another Diocese could be asked, under such circumstances, to accept the Episcopate ? Pardon me, my Lord, if I frankly ask, whether if at the period of your Lord- ship's nomination, one of the then Clergy of the Diocese had been Bishop, and, your Lordship had been invited to become Coadjutor, even with right of succession, under such circumstances as now exist, your Lordship could, in justice to yourself, have accepted a position so dependent and anomalous ? 2. But again, my Lord, what have your Clergy and Laity done that it should be sought to take from tliem the joint privilege of nomination, which the Canon now in force confers ? The right to a voice in the choice of their Rectors is secured to our Parishes by law. We of the Laity value this ri^ht, and, while its exercise may not be free of all dis- advantage, we have at least not witnessed amongst us, since it was secured, any of the sad troubles v hich have arisen elsewhere where a Clergyman has oeen sought to be imposed on a people unwilling to receive him. At such choice every parishioner qualified by law is free to make a nomination of a fit and proper person as he may think right. And why should the Lay Delegates of those Parishes be excluded from the right of nomination of a fit and proper person to be their future Bishop ? Has there been aught in the history of the Diocese to show that the progress of the Church has suffered since the Laity have taken a full share in the administration of its aftairs ? I ask your Lordship to remember that by the terms of the proposed Canon the Bishop Coadjutor is in all cases to have the right of succession to the See. Hence the Canon, if enacted, may, in all probability, super- sede, and at least in the majority of cases prove a practical repeal of that now in force. Under the present Canon, Clergy, and Laity alike nuiy exercise, as in other Dioceses, the right of nomination freely. But that Canon can only come into operation in (;ase of a vacancy in the See. And if a Bishop Coadjutor is from time to time to l)e chosen under the Canon now pi-ojiosed, no such vacancy will occni-. V» V \ 5 It cannot be that your Lordship dreads lest your Clergy or Laity should make an improper nomination. Surely your Lordship cannot thus distrust us. And even were such a nomination possible, the person nominated could not, under the present, as well as t^e proposed Canon, be chosen except by a two-thirds majority of each order— Clerical and Lay— and even if chosen, he could not be consecrated until the choice was confirmed by the Bishops of the Ecclesiastical Province under the Canon of the Provincial Synod. Why, then, exclude Clergy or Laity from the right of nomination ? We may well believe that your Lordship would endeavour to act impartially in the exercise of the right. But we cannot predicate this always of your Lordship's successors— we know not who they may be. True, under the proposed Canon we may reject. But is it right or fair that the powers of the Clergy and Laity in this Diocese, alone, I believe, of all others, should be so limited ? Might it not occur at some future day, that name upon name was sent down until a weary Synod, dissatisfied with those names and yearning for some other— yet unable to propose it— submitted, hesitatingly it might be, yet irretrievably, to a choice, if such it could be called, the result of which might be to involve your Lordship's once happy Diocese in party struggles, jealousies and dissensions for years to come. My Lord Bishop, trust us, and ask us not to give up the right of nomination, and thus limit our privileges, until we have shown that we are unworthy to possess them. 3, But it is proposed that the Bishop may nominate one or more per- sons, at his discretion. And Avhy should the Synod be limited, at the discretion of the presiding Bishop, to vote upon a single name, or upon two only ? How often, in other Dioceses, has a name which at first com- manded but a small vote, proved eventually to be that as to which the Synod were almost or quite unanimous in approval. Are men of one school of thought only to be nominated? Are all, not of his own, at the discretion of any Bishop, to be excluded. If not, why again limit the right of nomination to him ? Surely the effort should be to secure a Bishop who will be most acceptable to the Diocese at large. And surely this will be best attained by the utmost freedom of nomination and election, and not by placing it in the power of the presiding Bishop to confine or control the vote. 4. And again, is it safe, as is now proposed, that the election should be left open to be made, not of necessity at a special meeting of the Synod upon full notice and consideration ; but, even at the very meet- ing at which a resolution declaring the election uilvisable, may be passed ? 6 Surely, the i)raycr8 of the whole Church .shoiikl unite in imploring the Divine guidance in such a choice. Surely time should be given for every member of our Church throughout the Diocese to join in such petitions. Would not the very possibility of so hasty a choice be a serious danger ? Is it right that such a sword of Damocles should hang over us ? Would it be fair to Clergymen or Lay delegates who might be ab- sent, under circumstances which they felt would justify them, so far as the ordinary business of the Synod was concerned ; but who, if at death's door, would drag themselves tliither, were notice given that a question so important as that of the election of their future Bishop, was to arise ? I shrink, my Lord, from the responsibility which the publica- tion of the present letter entails ; but in the short time given us, I know not how otherwise to j)lace before your Lordship and the Clergy and Lay delegates, in time for serious consideration, the views I have expressed. The Bishop of a Diocese must under any circircumstances exercise a great and commanding influence. Plis addresses are always in order in the Synod. His high oflice secures to him the greatest deference and I'espect. But by the constitution of our Synod, Clergy and Laity have their just rights also, and as we value, so the more jealonsly should we guard them. Forgive me then, my Lord, if as one of your Lordship's faith- ful Laity, I speak plainly. Wlien the question arose as to the Bishop's negative vote, or veto, I asserted that right for your Lordship and your successors, as I now claim equal privilege of nomination and freedom of choice of their future Bishop for the Clergy and Lay Delegates in Synod assembled. Perhaps it is right also that I should state that, although I gave notice in Julv, 1878, that I should this vear move the consideration of the important and much needed codification of the Church Acts, pub- lished in the Svnod Journal, and mv notice stands as the first business for the present year, I shall at once cheerfully yield precedence to the consideration of the proposed Canon, if, as coming from your Lordship, it is to be pressed. Yet, unlc3s arguments can be advanced so power- fully as to materially change my present views, I cannot but respect- fully oppose its adoption, believing that such a Canon, if adopted and followed, under our present circumstances, as it might be, by a nomina- tion and choice, would impair our just rights, lessen the harmony i '\ i >:•■:.''' |L1S Ib- 's )n whicli of late years lias existed, and involve the possibility of serious hazard to the Church. I am, my Lord Bishop, Your Lordship's most obd't servant, W. M. JARVIS, Lay Delegate for the Parish of St. Mark, St. John, N. B. To THE Most Rev. the Lord Bishop of Fredericton, Metiopolitan of Canada. PRESENT CANON. Adopted 7th July, 187L Whereas it is desirable to pro- vide for the succession of the ICpis- copate in the Diocese of Frederic- ton, and whereas in accordance with the ancient usages of the Church, the election should be made by the Synod of the Diocese, the form of election shall be as follows : — 1. The Archdeacon, or if there be no Archdeacon, the Commissary of the late Bishop, or if there be no Archdeacon or Commissary, or if they shall refuse, or shall neglect for thirtv davs or more after a va- cancy in the See siiall have occur- red to act, then any three Rural Deans in Priest's orders within the Diocese for the time being, shall summon a special meeting of the Diocesan Synod for the election of a Bishop, to be held not less than sixty nor more than ninety days after such vacancy shall have oc- curred, at which meeting no other business but such election shall be proceeded with. 2. The person who shall be cho- sen by the votes, taken by ballot, of at least two-thirds of the clergy and two-thirds of the lay delegates pre- sent at such meeting, or some ad- journment thereof, shall be deemed elected to the office of Bishop of this Diocese. And this election shall PROPOSED CANON FOR the appointment AND ELEC- TION OF A BISHOP COADJUTOR. 1. Whenever at the request of the Bishop of the Diocese, or — if the Bishop should be mentally in- capacitated — then whenever with- out such request the Synod shall by resolution declare it to be advis- able that a Bishop Coadjutor for the Diocese should be appointed, the election of such Coadjutor shall, either at the meeting of the Synod at which such resolution shall be passed, or at a special meeting to be called for that purpose, be pro- ceeded with in the manner herein- after provided. 2. The Bishop shall submit to the Synod the name or names of one or more persons in Holy Orders in the Church of England and Ire- land in Canada, or in some Church in full communion therewith, for election as such Bishop Coadjutor. 3. Upon such nomination being made by the Bishop, the Synod shall proceed to the election of a Bishop Coadjutor. 4. Such election shall be by bal- lot, and the votes of at least two- thirds of the Clergy, and two-thirds of the Lay delegates present, shall be required to elect such a Coadju- tor. o. Should the Svnod fail to elect A- not be villatod by tbo absonro ol' any of the piirtics suiuinoiieil, en- by the faihire of any parish to elect a lay representative. 3. Any (piestion as to th'^ valid- ity of the election to the vacant See shall be submitted, prior to the con- secration of tiie pei'son elected, to the Metropolitan of the See of Fred- cricton for the time bein^, wliose de(,'ision shall be final. 4. Tiie Synod may at such meet- ing, by a like majority of clergy and lay delegates as Jiereinbefore mentioned, delegate to the Metro- politan of the See of Fi-ederieton for the time being, the power of choosing a Bishop for tlie vacant See ; and sucii choice shall there- upon be final. 5. The choice of the Synod, or the delegation of its choice, shall be notified in writing to the Metro- politan of the See of Fredericton for the time being, by the Chairman of the meeting and Secretary of the Synod, immediately after its deci- sion. 6. The followingdeclaration shall be made before the Metropolitan or some person duly appointed by him, by the Bishop elect, before his con- secration, or, if already consecrated, before exercising any Episcopal functions in this Diocese : " I, N., chosen bishop of the See of Freder- ton, do promise that T will teach and maintain the doctrine and dis- cipline of the Church of England : and I also do declare that I consent to be bound by all the Rules and Regulations which have heretofore been made, or which may from time be made by the Synod of the Dio- cese of Fredericton ; and in consid- eration of being appointed Bishop of the said See of Fredericton, I hereby undertake immediately to resign the said appointment, toge- ther with all the rights and emolu- ments appertaining thereto, if sen- on such nomination, tiie Bishoji may make a further nomination, and so from time to time; and the election \i\Hm any such further no- mination shall be |>rocee(led with as liereinbefore provided. G. Should the Bishop decline to make a further nomiui'tiou in any such case, the proceedings for the election of a Bishoj) Coadjutor shall cease. 7. Should the Bishop at any time become so incai)acitated by mental infirmity as to be unable to dis- charge the duties of his office, the Synod )nay, if it see fit, proceed to the election of a Bishop Coadjutor in like manner us in the case of a vacancy in the See. 8.When any person is duly elect- ed Bishop Coadjutor, it shall be the duty of the Bishop, or of the Syund, forthwith to notify the Metropoli- tan of such election, in order that the consecration of such Coadjutor may be proceeded with as in the case of JJishops of Sees in the Pro- vince of Canada. 9. The Bishop Coadjutor elect shall, before his consecration, make and subscribe before the Metropo- litan, or some person ai)pointed by him, the following declaration : — " I. A. B., elected Bishop Coadju- tor of the Diocese of Fredericton, do promise that I will teach and maintain the doctrine and discip- line of the Church of England. And 1 do also declare that I con- sent to be bound by all the rules and regulations which have been made, or which may hereafter be made by the Synod of the said Dio- cese ; and I hereby agree innned- iately to resign the said office of Coadjutor, together with all the rights and emoluments appertain- ing thereto, if sentence requi''ing such resignation shall at any time be pjissed upon me, after due exa- mination and trial had bv the Tri- ]■ « -*r ....' '.'V 1 ( i i) tence requiring such resignation should at any time be ])asse(l upon nie, after due examination had, hy the tribunal acknowledged or ap- pointed by tlie Synod of the said Diocese for the trial of a Bishoj) ; saving all rigiits of appeal allowe(l by the said Synod." 7. The above declaration in writ- ing, signed by the Bishop elect, or a certified coi)y thereof, shall be filed with the Secretary of the Sy- nod. bunal appointed by the Synod of the Diocese for the trial of a Bish- op, saving all right of appeal al- lowed bv the said Svnod." 10. The said declaration, or a cer- tified i'opy thereof, shall be forth- with filed with the Secretary of the Synod. '11. The Bishop Coadjutor shall perform such Diocesan duties, atid exercise such E])isco})al functions, as the Bishop may assign him ; or, in case of mental incaj)acity of the Bishop, such duties and functions as ti.o Bisliop himself might have exercised but for such incapacity. 12. Should any difference arise between the Bisho]) and his Coad- jutor relative to tiieir respective rights and duties, it shall be refer- red to, and decided by, the PTouse of Bishops of the Province of Ca- nada. 13. The Bishop Coadjutor, when duly consecrated, shall have the right of succession to the See of Fredericton, and shall succeed to the same immediately upon its be- coming vacant, and shall be install- ed as such according to the Canons of the Province of Canada. 14. The Bishop Coadjutor shall have a seat in the Diocesan Synod, and the same right of voting therein as any Priest of the Diocese sitting in such Synod.