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The attention of mining adventurers in Canada has been hithei^ directed mainly to the extraordinary discoveries of copper ore in the Eastern Townships ; but an equally important and lucrative field of operations is presented in the lead mines which have been discovered and partially opened up in some parts of the Western Province. The existence of several veins of galena at Long Point, in the township of Lansdowne and County of Leeds, Canada West, has been long recognized ; and the official reports issued from time to time by the officers of the Geological Survey have established their important and promising character. They occur in true fissure veins cutting Laurentian. limestone; such conditions, from expe- rience in other places, being regarded as highly conducive to their persistence and productiveness. The direction of these veins, which is transverse to that of the stratification-points in a straight course, on the one hand to the Rossie Lead Mine in St. Lawrence County, New York ; and on the other to certain locations in the township of Bedford, C. W., where promising discoveries of galena have been made. The important character of these deposits may thus be inferred from the extent of country traversed by them, and from the number of parallel*veins which have been discovered at this central part of their course; and the results of actual working have fully estab- lished the justness of this inference. The property acquired by the Canada Lead Mining Company ;^ i. J I.— -if 111 _•_ ^ - ...- _ * ^ ic uttvciTsuu uy ut leasii mree veuis oi gaieua wmch have been par- tially opened, with highly encouraging prospects. A Ml descrip- '•■;l HI III I tion of tho property and details of the mining operations hitherto instituted upon it, are given in the following pages, embodying reports from competent and experienced geologists and miners. The report by Dr. Jackson refers to a lead mine immediately adjoining to the east, and on the run of one of the lodes which have been traced on this Company's property. The great and increasing consumption of lead in this country and throughout the world ; the diminished production of the Wis- consin and Iowa Lead Mines, and of most others on this continent, and the promising nature and convenient situation of those now brought under notice, render the present imdertaking highly deserv- the attention of capitalists and mining adventurers. R E P O E T S ON THE PROPERTY OF THE CANADA LEAD MINING COMPANY REPORT OF MR. CHARLES ROBB, mining engineer. • • 53 St. Francois Xavier Street, Montreal, 2ith October, 1863. Gentlemen, — Having in the course of the present year visited , your lead mining locations in Laiisdowne, Canada West, and having been requestod by you to prepare a plan and description of the same, I beg now to hand you the accompanying report together with a plan of the property, and a small map showing the location, distance from shipping ports, &c. Your property consists of the following lots, viz. : 1. East half of Lot 3, Concession 8th, 100 acres. 2. South half of " 4, '^ " 100 " 3. North-east quarter of " 4, " '' 50 " 4. West quarter of " 5, " " 50 " Comprising in all, 30ift acre^. The first of these lots is held by you in fee simple ; the rest under a perpetual mineral lease free from all dues, and with all the usual privileges. This property^is traversed throughout a length of 2,250 feet by the veins of galena mentioned by Sir William Logan in his report for 1858, pages 49 and 50 ; and also in the report for 1863, page 688. These veins must be regarded as of great importance, from the facts of their being found cutting the.Laurentian hmestone, and 6 undoubtedly belonging to the same system of lodes which connect the Bedford and Rossio load mines. The geological age and conditions of the rocks underlying your property are highly congenial to the formation of lead ore, and to its concentration in veins or lodes ; and the number of such veins which have been actually traced upon it, running parallel to each other, is not only of importance in itself, as multiplying the chances of opening up good mines, but affords the best proof of the mineral wealth of the district. Considerable work has been done on the property m sinking trial shafts on, and costeening in search of the veins. The results of these operations, which are detailed in the reports by Messrs. Banfield and Smith, have established the important facts that the veins extend obliquely across all your lots, and that tliey improve in thickness and in productiveness on sinking upon them. Shafts sunk upon the same veins on the properties immediately adjoining yours in both directions have produced ore, the value of which is considerably in excess of the cost of working ; and there can be little doubt that by the expenditure of an equal amount of labor on your property results equally favorable will be realized. The reports by Messrs. Banfield and Smith (which I can fully corroborate from my own observations), together with Sir Wm. Logan's published reports already referred to, are so full and ex- plicit as to render further details on my part. unnecessary.. The lands in question are nearly all cleared and under cultiva- tion, and are situated in a well settled country, with good roads, &c. The distance to a shipping port on the Rideau Canal is eight miles, and to the nearest station on the Grand Trunk Railway about ten miles. Ample convenience fo'r washing and dressing the ore is afforded by one of the reaches of the Gananoqae River, which bounds the lots to the south, and to which there is a gentle descent from the mines, admiting of the easy construction of a tram way. I am. Gentlemen, / Your most obedient servant, CHARLES ROBB. t! i - J i EXTRACT FROM SIR WILLIAM LOGAN'S REPORT FOR 1858, pp. 49 and 50. In the Report of 1851-2, Mr. Murray makes mention of the occur- rence on the second lot of the eighth range of Lansdosnie, of a vein composed of galena disseminated in a gangue of heavy spar and calc-spar, which had been unsuccessfully tried as a lead mine. Subsequent to his visit to the locaUty, a lode was discovered on the third lot of the same range from which specimens were obtained in 1855 for the Paris Exhibition. A trial shaft had been sunk on it to the depth, it was said, of fifty feet, and a sufficient quantity of ore obtained to pay the expense of sinking. The specimens procured by me, and the mass of ore exhibited to me, shewed a thickness of between two and three inches of pure galena associated with calc-spar. I was informed that other lodes existed in the neighborhood, but their position was kept secret. The two which had been tested are parallel to one another, with a bemng approaching to N. W. and S.E. Tlie bearings given by Mr. Murray to the three lodes examined by him in Bedford arc N. 15 W., N. 82 W., and N. 85 W., the last being the course of the lode traced and tested farthest. The distance between the Bedford and Lansdowne lodes is not much over twenty miles ; and considering the differences that may be allowed for the gentle windings which usually exist in the courses of metaUiferous veins, it appears not at all improbable that the lodes of the two localities may be identical, or belong to one group, the bearing of the two positions being about N. 68 W. and S. 68, E. of one another. If a line from the Bedford to the Lansdowne lodes were continued twenty-five miles farther, it would cross the St. Lawrence and strike Rossie in Lawrence County, New York, where a group of well-known veins of lead ore exists, some of which, though just now abandoned, are not supposed to be exhausted, and two of which are known at one period to have yielded a great quantity of ore. The rock cut by the lodes at Rossie is of the Laurentian series, but a line between Rossie and Landsowne would intersect the out- crop of the Potsdam sandstone which lies between Rossie and the >St. Lawrence. It has been ascertamed that a vein of lead ore cuts 8 through this sandstone at Redwood, which would not be far from the position of the line to Lansdowne. It is thus not improbable that there is a group of lead lodes running from Rossie to Bedford ; and this metalliferous' line appears well worthy the attention of explorers in search of lead ores. The dislocations in which the lodes exist are, of course, thus proved to be of a more recent age than the Potsdam sandstone, but this by no means establishes that the older rock may not be the source of the metal. I EXTRACT FROM SIR WILLIAM LOGAN'S REPORT FOR 1863, page G88. 1^' s I'; Similar veins of lead ore are found in Lansdowne. One of these on the second lot of the eighth range, has been traced for a quarter of a mile, running nearly N. W. and S. E. and has an average breadth of two feet. Through the gangue, which is of calc-spar and heavy spar, galena is irregularly distributed in crystals and small masses ; and it is also found disseminated in the crystalline limestone which forms the walls of the vein. Trial shafts were at one time sunk here ; but the mine was abandoned. Another lode running N. 65 W., was subsequently found on the third lot of the same range. It traverses crystalline limestone, and has a breadth of from six to twelve inches. Through the gangue, which is of calc-spar, galena is found in masses sometimes five or six inches in diameter. A trial shaft of fifty feet, which was sunk upon this lode in 1854, on the land of Mr. Buell, is said to have yielded sufiicient ore to pay the expenses of sinking. A branch lode diverges fi*om the main one near the shaft ; and in the same neigh- bourhood there occur four other lead-bearing lodes parallel with the main, the whole being included in a breadth of about 1000 feet. These run" obliquely across the lots, and thus intersect the lands of several proprietors. • i I i I f P 9 I REPORT OF MR. E. BANFIELD, MINING ENGINEER. Lansdowne, March 5^/t, 18(>1. Gentlemen, — In compliance with your request I have explored and surveyed your mineral lands, at Long Pomt, in the Township of Lansdowne. I now beg to hand you my report, and a map illustrating the position of the lodes, and the work done in the neighborhood. There are three distinct lodes running with a N. W. and S. E. coui*se, nearly parallel to one another, across the farms comprised in your property. The rock through which these lodes run is the lower limestone of the Laurentian series, and is the same strata as tjie Rossie mines were commenced in. The matrix of the lodes is calc-spar. The lead appears to make chiefly in the fonn of a nearly solid streak or vein, running through the centre of the lode. Lode No, 1 seems to be a regular well-defined mineral course, improving as it goes east ; and on the fann of Mr. Simmons^ the adjouiing location in that direction, some men fi'om Kingston have been working this winter. In little over a month, three of them broke out 7 tons of 80 per cent, ore, worth $360.00, at a depth not exceeding 12 feet. The lode where they worked averaged about 4 feet in width, and appears to enlarge in going down, carrying with it heavy bunches of ore. Lode No. 2 looks most promising. We have sunk a trial shaft on it to a depth of 20 feet. The lode on the surface is only three inches wide, but increases constantly as we get deeper, and at the bottom 'of the shaft is now 16 inches wide, with good stones of lead throughout. On Mr. Buell's farm, the next to yours on tht west, three miners from Wisconsin sunk a shaft 50 feet. The vein on the surface was small, but increased steadily as they got deeper. At the bottom of the shaft it has now over three inches of nearly soUd galena, which would produce at least one ton per fathom. Besides the three above mentioned lodes, there are unmistakable signs of at least four others running in the ?ame direction. . 10 Taking every, thing into consideration, I should consider the Lansdowne district as a very favorable locality for mining invest- ment. The fact of so many favorable lodes running parallel to one an- other with such regularity, the distance that each can be traced on the surface, and the fact that both to the east and the west, within a very few feet of the surface, paying quantities of ore have been raised, without any outlay for machinery, both from lodes 1 and 2, are quite enough to warrant the outlay of sufficient capital to effec- tually try them. Your farm offers also very great advantages ; very good situa- tions for both workmen's and store buildings, large quantities of ^hite oak, iron wood and i)in'^, tlie former very useful for ma chinery framing, and the latter both for buildings and underground timber vfork. There is also water communication for barges from your farm to the Grand Trunk Railway through the Gananoque Lake. The country is well settled and healthy, and in the vici- mty of a good saw mill, where good lumber can be procured for $6.00 per 1000 feet. There is also a water privilege that might be useful for manufacturing purposes. The ore has been assayed, and contains 82 per cent, of metallic lead, besides a small quantity of silver. The rock through which the lodes run is soft and easily worked. Stoping could be done at about 115.00 per fathom, and I do not think the water would be very troublesome. A vein of solid lead ore 2f inches wide will turn out a ton to a fathom, which at the shaft's mouth would be worth about 150.00 ; so that taking Buell's shaft as an example, stoping would leave a balance of ioO . 00 ore Der ton. 15 . 00 cost of stoping. I $35 . 00 balance per fathom, ■which ought to pay all other expenses, and leave a very fair profit for the adventurers. T _^^„:„ ri i.^ i. fcuian:, xjiuiiiiuiiicii, Yours obediently, E. BANFIELD. i m i i - , «..> i i 11 ». REPORT OF MR. HENRY S. SMITH. Long Point — Township of Lansdownb, County of Leeds, Canada West. Gentlemen, — In compliance with your request, I have surveyed yours and the adjoining lots in the above township, in search of minerals. I beg to hand you my report, and the maps I have pre- pared to illustrate it. « The trial shaft alluded to in Sir Wm. Logan's Report, (See map — Shaft on Buells' lot) has been carefully exanuned by Mr. Banfield and myself. It contains two veins of galena, giving an average thickness of three inches of pure ore. This shaft was opened by three working men from the United States, and though they succeeded, by sinking 50 feet on the vein, in obtaining a large quantity of ore, (twenty tons) they Avere com- pelled to abandon it, not having sufficient capital to erect smelting works or to convey the ore to Wisconsin, the then nearest market. A vein which bears abundant evidence of being a continuation of one of the above, can be clearly traced in a N. W. and S. E. direction to shaft No. 2 on your lot ; and although only a depth of 14 feet has been sunk, it gives every prospect of yielding an equal amount of ore, as the vein of calc-spar shows an average thickness of five inches, bearing a vein of pure galena showing a thickness of from one to one and a half inches. The ground rises some 15 feet from Buell's shaft, consequently the bottom of your shaft is not yet on a level with the top of his. I have no doubt that when we sink to an equal level we shall obtain an equal or greater amount of metal. Shaft No. 1 is on a new vein, and is the most promising yet opened. The lode of galena is over two inches wide, and although gaps of dead ground occur, tlic appearance of ore is better every foot it is sunk. At a depth of 50 feet I confidently expect to strike a vein of galena equal, if not superior, t.o that on Buell's lot. I am ahfonrrfliAiirtfl in vnv nr»iniAn h\T flii^ nnrk