IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) 1.0 I.I 11.25 12.2 Li£l2.8 |50 *^* g- u& ||io ■UUu il 1111116 Hictographic Sciences Cxjrporation 23 WIST MAIN STREiT WEBSTER, N.Y. 14S80 (716) 873-4503 >'^^ C9HM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductsons / Instiiut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Tachnicai and Bibliographic Notas/Notet tachniquas at bibliographiquat Tha Inttituta has anamptad to obtain tha bast original copy availabia for filming. Faaturas of this copy which may ba bibiiographically uniqua, which may altar an^ of tha imagas in tha raproduction, cr which may significantly changa the usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. D n n Colourad covars/ Cou^'srtura da coulaur I I Covars damagad/ Couvartura andommagia Covars rastorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura rastaur6a at/ou pallicuite Covar titia missing/ La titra da couvartura manqua Colourad maps/ Cartas giographiquas an coulaur Colourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or black}/ Encra da coulaur (>.a. autra qua bleua ou noira) I I Colourad platas and/or illustrations/ Planchas at/ou illustrations an coulaur Bound with othar material/ RaliA avac d'autras documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La reliure serrAe peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distortion la long da la marge intArieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within tha text. Whenever possible, tf.ese have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajouttes lors d'une restaurntion apparaissant dans la texte, mais, lorsque cela Atait possible, ces pages n'ont pas MA filmias. Th< to L'lnstitrjt a microfilm* la maillaur exemplaira qu'il lui a At* possible de se procurer. Les details da cet exemplaira qui sont paut-Atre uniques du point de vue bibliographiqua, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la methods normale de f ilmage sont indiqute ci-dessous. r~n Coloured pages/ Pages de couleur Pages damaged/ Pages endommagAas Paget restored and/oi Pages restaurias at/ou pellicultes Paged discoloured, stained or f^xe« Pages dAcoiortes, tachatAes 3U piqutes Pages detached/ Pages d6tach6es Showthrough/ Transparence Quality of prin Quality in6gala de I'impression includes supplementary materii Comprend du materiel supplAmantaira Only edition available/ Seule Edition disponible Fyj Pages damaged/ I I Paget restored and/or laminated/ I I Paged discoloured, stained or f^xed/ I I Pages detached/ I I Showthrough/ ry\ Quality of print varies/ I I includes supplementary material/ I — I Only edition available/ D Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellemert obscurcies par un fauiilet d'erratu, une pelure, etc., ont Ati filmAes A nouveau de fa9on A obtenir la mailleure image possible. Th« poi of 1 filn Ori be( the sioi oth firs slot or i The sha TIN whi Mai diff enti beg righ reqi met rri Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplAmantaires: Filmod from ■ photoraproduetion. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film* au taux de reduction indiqu* ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X J 12X lex aox 24X 28X 32X The copy filmed here hes been reproduced thenhii to the generosity of: Library of the Public Archives of Canada The images appearing here are the best quality possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications. Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a p'^nted or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other origin<^l copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol -^ (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. IVIaps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: L'exemplaire filmt fut reproduit grflce A la gAnArosit* de: La bibliothdque des Archives publiques du Canada Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et de 'a nettetd de I'exemplaire filmA, et en confcrmitA avec les conditions du contrat de filmaae. Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprimis sont fiimis en commen^ant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la dernlAre page qui comporte una empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le sacond plat, selon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont filmte en commen^ant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant pat la dernlAre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivantr apparaitra sur la dernlAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols —^ signifie "A SUIVRE ". le symbols y signifie "FIN ". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmte A des taux de rMuction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul ciichA, 11 est filmi d partir de I'angle supirieur gauche, de gaushe A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nicessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mithode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 V>:.--A'i A U:> !' i Geography and History OF THE ;^'f^.-i.ii^1TJ/ i^^c: la tiravfwut 'OT wf} rB>;<^ ^« r/ X NOVA SCOTIA. f, BY ISAIAH W. WILSON. " L'hiatoire eat une resur7'ectio7i." — Jules Michelet. '! HOI U' WW, ! 1./ HALIFAX, N. S. !M -r» JRANViLi.I f. 1 M( 1 I f 06 'MS COPYWRIGHT, 1893, BY ISAIAH "W. 'WII.SON, AuthoP and Publishai*. 1 TO THE DESCENDANTS OF .''• ■.: ! 1' . wi urn SETTLERS OF Diow mm AND THEIR FRIENDS. THIS HISTORY IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY THE flUTKOR. PREFACE. PREFACE. The author, uftcr luci.st cxhiiustivo roseurclns, h«!glnning with February 1, 18G7, and ctcn«ling at intervals ovor the period of tweiity-six years since elapsed, has succeeded in collecting material for a History of his native County. This valuable and interesting matter is presented to the public, lioping it will be acceptable and satisfactory. Much care and discretion has been used to render ♦^.he following pages correct and full a.s circum- stances permitted. While more important documents are copied verbatim, the unvarnished substance is usually given^ because more generally in keeping with views of our people, since the Ancient Records contarn many lengthy repetitions in the form of Proand)les. This brief Preface would be incomplete, without acknowledg- ing, most thankfullv, the invaluabli' assistance so elii'cifr.llv bestowed by Departments of the Imperial and Proxincial (Jovorn ■ ments; also, R'3v. John Ambrose, D.C.L., D.l)., ox-Keetor of thr Episcopal Church, Digbv ; late William H. Taylor, Es(|., t.>nn(M-ly Vestry Clerk, and High" Sheriti"; Willian. B. Stewart, Esq, Pro- thonotary and Municipality Clerk ; Botsfortl Viets, Es(| , fi)rmerly Collector of Customs; late Hon. E. R. Oakes, M.L.C. ; John S. McNeill, Esq., c.c-M.P.P. ; Placide P. Gaudct. Esq., Aeadien Genea- logist ; the late Holhmd E. Pavson and D.mit'l BaiKv ; also, Jesse Harris, Esquires, of Westport ; Very Rev. Jan\e.T. Daley, Vicar General, Louis Q. Hounjue, and Anselm M. Comcan, Crown Land Surveyor and Municipal Clerk, of Clare; late Josiah Porter, Reuben M. Raym )n'l, Ambrose IT. Comeau, M, P. P.. and otln r^. of Clare, the late William F Poller, P>. nj.unin Hardy, as \\xii as Edward W, Potter, Esqrs., J. P., of Hillsburgh ; William Denton, and Natban J TIimi 1» r EM[rs., J. P.. of !■'>•■ cprn't ; tb: late James Evurett, <>f Plympton ; late Alidieu ■' »ni.>, Cn.wn J A, vr PREFACE. » Luna Surveyor, and Robert Sabean. Scnr. ; also. Sterns Jones Ksq., of Weymouth ; late Charles McNeil. Sr.. of North Ranr^e ' James II. Roopc. J. P., Grand J<,gsin ; John Welsh, J. P FrarTcis HutelKnson. Registrar of Probate; and uuiny others of JJichy • late Ldvvar 1 W. Small. Upper Rossv.'ay. ° " Besides the very rare and important information furnished by the above nan.^d, thanks are as cordially tendered the authors ot Halliburton's. Murdoch's, Campbell's and Smith's Histor" >s of Nova Scotia ; Abbe Casgrain's Travels in the land of L'Evanrr^^line (in French. «Un Pelerinage Au Pays D'Evangeline;") the Histor- ical Work oi M. Ramearuon the Acadians; Cauipbell's History of Yarmouth County, with its Sequel by George S. Brown Esc, ■ History o the United Empire Loyalists, by Loren.o Sabine' besides other works of lesser in.port, bearing on our County Histoi-y. "^ From these authentic sources combined, a fair and prod„ctive area is traced from the primeval wilderness, throu-di the various stages of development, otherwis. hopelessly lust, to our own ti.ne when we behold a rai,i 'Mn.cc H v . ' l>i-, .•:. ll' uining Ni,m !■ :, ; ad lidlu' n KHnris to ic id ♦li.-ii i',. ,,-< Miscellaneoua Nul:.-, ° 107-11!' ^'" CONTENTS. ^ CHAPTKR XIII t, War of ISI'2-N-IuKfr.ot« on the County-Militia un.l Defence. l^i,n CHAI'TKR XIV. ll^n I "")''''r'n ■''''"; ^"^••""'- •^-'ttI,..I--Cla,e .leva.cate.1 l.y Fire 131-155 CHAPTER XV. CHAPTER XVI. Political Notoa-CIare accor.le.1 a Member in the Ifoime of As^en.l.lv ^is^t:^:^;, ""'''' "-^"-* "^ ««-^«- raisilr- ;"!t...: I7.M78 . CHAPTER XVII. ZiitZtr mII^Ih"" ^"^^ii";'"- Tc..,i>e.an.c0.ganizations and ineir ivesuitB— Aliscellaneoua Notes I7q 2i'> CHAPTER XVIII. Ecclc.siasti.-al History, ro»^«„.,/ -_Visit of fiovernor Falkhu..! -Schools un.l General Literary A.lvancen.ent-Sequel of Intro.luA n of New Education Aet-Centennial Celebration j» Clare . . . . 24.3204 CHAPTER XIX. Additional Political Notes-Confederation - .Shi,. ping and C.>,.m.u r.e . .2G.V270-.3S-J APPENDICES. ^°^ P^rlllf f'^^' nocun,o„f« -Roll of r|.,..v C.vernnn.nt omc r. and ^ Pcirhanientary Rcpr-vMt, lives M,,,,, f., | ,,] '| .. t, „„,.:„ Census Stati.stics ' »- huiuis - • .iS3-l/I I INTRODUCTION. IX INTRODUCTIOK. In tlu' area of History, reseurcli, viiri*;*! and luinuto, is in' ,t; :' /St; X INTRODl'CTIOX. heroism fn»iii the S4. Henry Hudson having discovered the noble River bearing his name, ScptemV)er 11th, 1609, the Dutch colonized New Am.sterdum, now New York City in 1014. In sanie year, thev f-rected a Trading Post »t Hartford, Connecticut. New Y»mU was traii>- ferred to English September 8, 1664. New Hampshire was founded in 1628, under autliurity of a <]iraint by the Plymouth Council to Captain John Mms(.!i. !, . -> ;.•! XII INTRODUCTION. The Swedes emigrated to Delaware about tlu; year 1627. Shortly afterwards, they also |)lantey Governors and Council inimediately after removal of the Acadiens, t,o induce farmers and others from the Mother Country and her Colonies of New England, to settle in the Province, particularly on the vacated French li*nds. To facilitate this commendable policy, an Order-in-Council dated August 17, 17')9, divided the Peninsula into the five Counties of Annapolis, Queen's, Lunenburg, Halifax and King's. The first named comprised the present Counties of Annapolis and Digby. No English then resideil within latter boundaries ; neither has the author discovered any tiace of other residents at the remote period, except native Indians. As several of the earliest British settlers in Digby ami Sandy Cove removed thither from the modern County of Annapolis, a brief resum^ ot the New England settlement there concludes this Introduction. In the year l7o(>, Mr. Henry Evans emigrated from Carnarvon, Wales, to Boston, Massachusetts. Beini; an Architect and Contractor, he soon entered into an Agreement to erect numerous Dwellings and Stores in Halifax, Nova Scotia, which were freely advertised in his adopted City. Next year, 1757, Mr. Evans visited Halifax in performance of his conti-ucts. Shortly after his arrival, seeing otlers by Government to immignmts, this enterprising gentleman sought an interview with Major Charles Lawrence, Governor of the Colony, concerning prosprrtivc loca- tion of farmers from the American Colonies on land^ lately occupied by banished Acadiens. This was so pleasant and assuring, that several like conversations .soon followed. Returning to his heme, South End, Boston, in dutumn of 1758. Mr. Evans enlisted the deep sympathies and cordial co-operation of many wealthy an«l progres.sive farmers in Massachusetts, with .some of New Hainpslnre and pos.sibly other Provinces. Henry Evans, Michael Bent, and Ebenezer Felch, Esquires, were appointed a Comnuttee to proeeotl to Nova Scotia, select a Township and obtain a Grant from the Crown. Accordingly, these parties left Boston in a vessel conmianded by Captain Doubleday, June 13th, 1759, called at Cape Ann next morning, and in the evening sailed for Halifax, arriving nine days thereafter, amid enjoyment of health and buoyant spirits — having had n pleasant and rapid voyage. They smm waited upon the Governor, being accorded a graci(jus reception and the utmost encoui'agement. Three other committees on sindlar errands were present on this occasion. His E.'^cellency despatched a nian-of-war to convey Messj's. Evans, HeJjt and Feleh to Annapolis for the pur[)Osu of viewing . ■! lUfl^ m m 1 - INTRODUCTION. XV the valuable lanls in that section. This oxatnination occupied three weeks. Having solecteil a tract, the Govcnior-in-Council ;j;rantcart of the present C'ounty of Annapolis known as tlu; Townships of Digby and Clare — Hear, Long, and lirier Islands ; and also that part of the Township of Clemtnts situate, lying and being to the westward of Bear River, and of the line to be drawn from the head of the tide in Dear River aforesaid, in a due course South, twenty-four Degrees east to the Line of Queen's County, — together with all the lands lying to the westward of the same Line in the present County of Annapolis." From the above description, the County may be geographically bounded as follows : — On the north-west by the Bay of Fundy ; west by the Atlantic ; south by the County of Yarmouth ; east by (Queen's County and the County (tf Annapolis. It is about forty miles long, thirty-six miles wide, containing 629,01 3 statute acres by estimation. DuiBY, the designation found in Grant to Amos l»otsford and three hundred others, mostly Loyalists, was selected by latter, in especial deference to the Honourable Koukkt DuiHY, a British Kear Admiral of the Bed, who so altly superinteiuled tiie trans- portation of many of their number thither from the revolted Colonies, then just constituting thyuiselves the thirteen " United States of Amkuica." This District being located on western lies near northern limits of the Gulf Cape Sable, on coast of neighbouring coast of the I'rovince, Stream, which touches County of Shelburue. The only tract in Canadian Dominion bearing the name " Digby " is a Township in Victoria County, Ontario. The scenery of Digby County is both varied and pictuiesque. Diversified by mountain, valley, lake and river, no part of the Province or Dominion presents a more really in\ iting Held fV lUOMV. 3 I liuntlieigl)y to Westport by a highway one mile long, is well built, jaetty and enterprising. The same remarks may be repeated tonoliing (JullivtVs Hole, often designated Gulliver's Cove instead, though the distance from Tost Road is over two n; es. The latter thoroughfare follows course of the Bay past Slielving Cove to Broad or CuUoden Cove, which is acces.sible from Digby via Mount Vleasant, formerly " Mountain Road," and also via Hayden Road with Bay View, early known as "Light House Road," which extends westwardly from the Racquette, generally spelled Racket, three miles through a fine .section to Point Brim, where stand the Beacon and Steam Fog Whistle. All the Fundy villages are fi.shing and agricultural combined, including the three ftimilies at White Cove, back of the Sea Wall, being well Iniilt and full of enterj)rise, Annapolis Basin, outlet of the River of that name, is a beauti- ful, placid sheet of water, extending from the mouth of Bear River to the remarkable st>ait called bv the Aborij'ines " Tee-wee- den," signifying " Little Hole," by the English, " St. Creorge's Channel," but now known as Annai)olis and Digby Cut ; being a narrow gap in the North Mountain one half mile wide, with trappean cliffs rising on either side to a great height, and thnnigh which Strait the tides of both Annapolis Basin and the Bay of Fundy rush very rapidly. Digby, the shire town, is situated on the western side of Annapolis Basin, where the land rises quite abruptly from the water. It possesses one of the best harbors in the Province, and is unrivalled as a Watkhing Place by any summer resort on the Continents of America. Located on the pleasant slope of n declivity facing the rising sun , it enjoys alike the beautiful rays of earth's luminary, and the refreshing sea breezes — being well drained, chee.nil and varied in appearance. The Town is incorporated, has ample Hotel accommodations, churches, Protestant and Catholic, besides all other requisites for I h ■ ^mms OF THE COL'NTV <>K UU'.WW a most desiraMe IIomk, fombininj,' Hkai.tii niul IM.K.vsiitK hi a truly renmikaMe (k'groo. Many wealthy and intlutMitial iHMjplt? from other rroviuces and the United States, as well as nunienms residents of Nova Scotia, have spent their vacation in Pighy and suiTounding country during recent summers, hrin«j;ing friends each succeeding season ; constantly increasing the volume of visitors every year. One celebrated prelate, liishop .Tagger, has purchased the fine property on Hanlwick's Point, Smith's Cove, opposite Digby, and at great cost nnide it his summer residence. Splendid views of the country and its beautiful waters reward the fine drive of four miles from IHgby to Hill Grove, one of the most sightly and handsome sections in any Inndscajie. The luscious chenMes of all these districts, and also Hillsbnrgh, comjtlete the grand and unbroken bliss. Some maintain the name " Bear " River originated thus : — A few years after Port Iloyal was founded. Captain Hebert, or Imbert, while conveying supplies to tlie Garrison in Granviile, sailed into estuary of that Kiver for harbour and exploration. As an accent in French changes the sound of e to a, his name was pronounced A bare or hnhare. Hence, the Iliver was called either " A bare " or " Inibare." Subsequently the first sylla>)le was omitted, leaving the name " Bare," afterwards changed to " Bear " River. Others believe it was so styled because Rogers' Rangers killed the bear on its bank, as related in Chapter TV. While either is reasonable, perhaps the former is the probable derivation. This .stream has a varied course. Commencing in two waters, the East Branch in Annapolis County, — ant' West Branch, which, draining Second West Brancli Lake, enters Lake Jolly, from thence through " Big Dead Water " to the Forks, nearly one half mile east of Bear River Town, where it meets and unites with the East Branch, and both thereafter flow as one river, having a rapid current, and discharges into Ainiapolis Tiasin more than four miles west of the junction. It is navigable f(»r large merchantmen to traffic, Bridge spanning tlie river at centre of trade. Length from Second West Branch to the I'asin, includ- ing se'.eral windings, is about seventeen miles ; breadth at mouth, about quarter of a mile. The shore on Digby side is quite boM. Bear River, the principal Village in Hillsburgh, carries on an extensive trade in lumber, cherries, West India produce, and other commoditieg, Morganville, four miles south on West Branch, is a thriving village ; also Milford, on Sissibou Road. Lansdowiir, on old Digby To.st Road, is enterprising in agriculture. Smith's ■\y-- 6 OEOORAPHY AND HISTORY i--.i *.'■ l!^. ■•/.;■ Cote, oil Annuixdis I'asiu, oitposite Diijl'y, jtursues fisliing and farming ; is liaiulsoine and itro.s|ieri>us. Xolhiiig in Xaturc sur- passes tlu' beauty and grandeur of this entirt' region, evoking admiration of heiudders. The Grand doggin receives Kllisou's IMver, formerly known as Craige's Brook, wliich «h'ains a Stillwater in rear of Hill (riove, flowing fust in two streams, uniting at the Forks, southwest of lUngay's Steam Mill, four miles above mouth of the IJiver at Acacia N'alley Water Mills. At this point the scenery is attrac- tive indeed. South from these mills, extending about four miles over the South Mountain, the Shelburne, formerly " Liberty " Koad, leads througli a pleasant hamlet amidst splendid views of surrounding country, to the Sissibou or South Ilange Highway leading from Bear liiver to Weymouth. North of Acacia Mills, on the old Pose Koad from Annapolis to Digby, is Pleasant Valley, having the Acacia Hotel, kept by N. li. IJaymond, Esq., one of the finest suni'-ier homes in the vicinity, four miles from -County Town. On north side of Negro, or Little Joggin, lies the pretty village of Westville, formerly called " Brinley " Town, because primarily settled Ijy many of the freed slaves who came . hither with Loyalists, and also afterwards by several negr(x^s wlio, . as slaves, accompanied their masters from the icvolted Colonies. These people also gave the usual designation of their race to the smaller Inlet liisL named. Westville is now inhabited entii'ely by enterprising ('auciisiuns, and forms a pretty siiburlt of the local Metropolis. St. Mary's Bay, explored by the French in 1604, and minutely described by Champlain, which he named " le baie Sainte Marie," is the largest indentation on coast of the County. Commencing at Cape Fourchu in Yarmouth, it extends north-eastwardly al)out forty-five miles into IHgby, i)arallel with Bay of Fundy, forming the Peninsula of IHgbj Neck; it })0ssesses many beneficial features. About 4(i{) acres of salt marsh, yielding large supples of excellent grass for winter fodder, lay around its Head. Navi- gable nearly its whole length, traders of every dimension traverse its vast expanse, 1 tea ring commodities of every clime. Fish of various kinds and in great numbers, nre ta"ken from its area every season. Piers fur shelter of ship];)ing are erected at Plympton, Belliveaux Cove, Pointe I'Eglise, (Church Point), Meteghan and Riviere aux Saumons, (Salmon Iliver). Wharves serve this pur- po.se at l»righton and liarton, on southeast side, near Head of the Bay. K OF THE ((iL'NTV OF IHOHY. 7 iMaisliiill 'I'oMii, ciilU'd iifti'i' Aiilliuiiy Marsliall, \\\\ t'lirly •rtuttlrr, is sitiiatt'd on I'ost Ilnads fntm l)iL,'l»y to Viiriiinutli, four miles west of tlw ('(»unty town. A^'riciiltiiir is l.ir^'fly follnwcil. The Poor Farm, (iwiumI 1»v Municii>alitv nf I)iLrl»v, cuinprisiii'' tlu! entire County except Clare, is a part of Lot 20, orii^iually ^'ranted to Charles Colhourne, is located in centre of this district. West- wardly at head of St. Mary's Bay lies lirighton ; and ludow this, liarton, named in rememl»ranc(! of the lamented doseph l),irt()n, whose untimely death is elsewhere chronicled. Weymouth formerly Everett Settlement, is ne.vt })assed ; then (lilliert Cove, which is derived from Colonel Thomas (lilhert, a celehrated Loyalist pioneer. Proceeding down the l>:iy, nearing Weymouth' Point, Kinney town is reached. This was so distinguished from Messrs. Herman Kinney and John Kinney, Sr., wlm succeeded the McConnells as residents. All the last six villages are hand- some, thriving portions of the County, inhahited liy an industrious population, English and French, engaged in cultivation of the soil and securing produce of the deep. Fine buildings and farms yielding abundance are seen on every hand. Hill Grove, Hainesville, Xorth Kange, and IMoomfield, on first tier of lots southeast of above places, going westwardly from head of Grand Joggin ; South Pange, two and a quarter miles southeast of these, in Hatfield Grant; Mumford Settlemnnt, one and a (quarter miles farther southeast, with ^listake or liish Settlement immediately west of latter ; the Wagoner Settlement, at west end of North Itange running soutlierly from the l»ay, with l>ouc6t, fre(|uently called French Settlement, on-same high- Avay southerly from Sissibou Poad, containing Milflird, South Pange, Burton Settlement, and Gates Section, which are weyt of Wagoner Settlement Poad, on same line with South Pange, are growing and becoming important communities, peo})led by hardy settlers, Acadien and iMiglish, engaged in agriculture ; also tiiuber- ing, with manufacture of lumber and cordwood, which are conveyed to market on the shore, or forwanled by railway, to Yarmouth and elsewher'3. Sissibou, or Sissiboo Piver, is derived from the Fiench num- eral "Six," pronounced jjiks (seeks in English sf>und) meaning " six," and " hibou " called "eeb(K»," signifying "owl," — Ijucause that member of those birds were at one time seen by an Indian and a I'renchman, then in company, flying over thi river and around its sliores. >; ^ ' Muruu '•,•••1 ' %'^-A\ f^ ■;:,'>>■■' ■.■•::i lii^ O OEliY AND IIISTOUY This liver Hows out of thu rlmiii of hikes lUMir Aniiiipolis County liiif, iiiiincd ie.si»c'ctivt'ly, First, Sei-ond, Tliinl, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Ki^'hth and Ninth Lakes, in a wimlin;^' course, draining' uii inmiense tract, empties into St. ^^ary's Uay at Weymouth I'oint, ahont twenty niih's from the jihiei- of he^'inniiijj:. This liiver i.s navij^'ahh* for hirj^e vessels to Weymouth iJrid^'e, over two miles from its mouth, forming' a }^'- The immediate derivation of name "Weymouth" is ])erhai)S a little obsfture. Some trace it to the borough of Weymouth, Dorsetshire, England ; ])ecause the Kiver Wey, on which latter town is built, resembles the " Sissibou." Others atlirm it was so named from Weymoutli, Norfolk County, Massachusetts, the former home of some of \\ eymouth's Pioneers. Either is not altogether impr(jbable. The author, after consideration of both, concludes that Weymouth, ^fassachusetts, \yas named from the lK)rough in Old England ; ;ind our Weynjouth from the New England town; hence, the derivation is directly from home of the Stricklands ; and, therefore, secondarily in honor of the olden Weymouth, so famous in annals of the Mother Land. Five miles west of Weymouth is Uelliveaux C(»ve, so-called fi-om the Acadiens of that name, who settled there. It is cele- brated as site of the Hrst settlement made by that people in Clan;. Le lUanc, or Major's I'oint, the revered spot where the ]>remier OF THE COUNTY OF nifSHY. settler, Josej)b Diigas, located, is f.»rmo!l l>y tli ' western ])oiut of Delliveaux Cove, being bounded on wt'stcrn side by Glosses Coqiics liiver, which rises in the interior, llowinnr nortliwardly into Bnie Ste. Marie. Cirosses Coqnes, I'ointe I'Kgbsi' (riiu'rh Point), Tetite Ihiisseau (Little Brook), Conieau villi-, Sanlnierville, Mete- • -ghaii River, Meteghaii Village, Cheticamp, Cape Cove, Mavilette, Riviere aux Saumons Ville, (Salmon River Village), along shore of Bay ; also. Deux Concession, Trois Concession, in tlie interior, are handsomely situated, enterj>ri.sing, and ]»rosperou3 communi- ties,— ^containing many si)lendid buildings, with fine farms, well tilled by their industrious owners. Southwest of Salmon River are the villages of Brookville and Beaver River, on the Bay, peopled chietly by English ; also, Springfield, formerly called Sunrise, and Cedar Lake, about three miles east of the shore. All these are well constructed and advancing through efforts of intelligent residents. Here, the social style of New England predominates among descendants of the noble Puritan stock that founded Bamngton in 1745, and also Chebogue, near Yarmouth, in 1761. On northwestern side of Bay, Upper and Lower Rossway, Waterford, Lakeside, situated on right banks of a pretty lake, Sandy Cove, Mink Cove, Little F.iver, Tiddville, and P'ast Ferry, comprise the different settlements. The principal is Sandy Cove, which prosecutes trade witli spirit. Considerable shipping is owned by some of its enterprising capitalists. Having a safe and commodious harbour, whore vessels can ride thu tempest safely, commerce is easily managed. Sandy Cove is a pretty village, sheltered, yet tempered by refreshing sea-l)ieezes. The whole Peninsula is peopled by hardy inhabitants, who fish and farm extensively with gratifying success. The residences are generally appointed with creditable taste. Petite Passage, separating Long Island from the Peninsula, and connecting Bay of Fundy tides with those of St. Mary's, is a mile wide. This i.sland is twelve miles from east to west, being one and a half wide. Tiverton at east end, is an important fishing station. Central Grove, in middle of island, is also prosperous. Freeport, at western extremity, is an extensive com- mercial centre, dealing in domestic and foreign commodities by home ship]»ing. The Grand I'assage, between Long and Brier Islands, is w ider than Petite, and, in common with that Channel, is supplied with a f'ood ferrv, the fare for crossing either beinii twentv-live cent.', each way. 3 ■.•- i 'I 1 V t :/, ■ ■ ■ i % 10 GEOGRAPHY AND H [STORY Brier Island, four miles long, one and one-half wide, is the westernmost land belonging to Nova Scotia. Thickly settled, finely adorned, enterprising and picturesqne, Westport is one of the foremost fishing stations on the western coast. The Tusket Kiver, from the Indian, " Niketaousket," great forked tidal river, commences in this County, having five dis- tinct branches, all eventually uniting as follows, into one magnificent stream : — Silver River, the principal of these, flows out of Long Tusket Lake in tlie interior of Clare, running^ about south, south-west through Barrios Lake, (which receives Carriboo River), thirteen miles to the Yarmouth County line, thence through to the ocean. The East Branch rises in Dunbar's Lake, about two miles north of the Yarmouth line, flowing south westerly to the Great Tusket River, at the Forks. West of this, another stream called Barn River, because John A. Hill built one there, flows from Cranberry Lake southerly ten miles into Yar- mouth, discharging its waters into. Silver River. West of Silver River is found " Seven-Pence Ha'penny " Branch, so named because a coin of that d'3nomiiiation was once discovered on its bank, which runs from Oak Lake a mile west ol Long Tusket, about the course of Silver River, almost a mile and a half east of New Tusket and Corberie, into Lake Went- worth, sometimes called Robielieaud's Lake, south of latter village. Farther west, the remaining or Western Branch begins north of Steele's old mill site, in Southville, flowing nearly south-west, across New Tusket Highway, between George B. Sabean's and John Doucette's, thence west of New Tusket into Corberie, where it again crosses the public road near the Corperon farm, and also e iters Lake Wentworth. The two latter streams drain this lake, flowing through Yarmouth County in a southerly direction to the sea, as already described. These several branches are an incal- culable boon to the back portions of our County, draining with their tributaries a vast area, which abounds in excellent meadows of great extent, yielding splendid grass in immense quantities for fodder, besides much timber of various kinds, suitable for every description of lumber and cordwood, which is manufactured and exported in large varieties. In the immediate vicinity of these branches are the wealthy and thriving country villages of New Tusket, Southville, River- jf l m J M OF THE COrNTY OF DIGBY. 11 dale, Wooilville, K-iston, Hill Sottloineiit, Corberie sind Forest Glen. Many mills, with water or steniii power, are erected, which are very advantageous. As on the Sissiboo, rafts of logs are often driven down stream to the ditferent mills, and there sawn into timber and lumber. The Meteghan River, abounding in extensive intervals or meadows, takes its rise in Little Meteghan Lake, Woodvilh^ running south-westerly crosses New Tusket Koad between the residences of James 1). McAlpine and Amos Ujirr, drains a chain of lakes ; and after a course of about twenty miles empties into St. Mary's Bay, Meteghan is Indian signifying " Wooden fence, Weir." . Meteghan Village, at its mouth, is a pretty, thickly settled and active trading mart, containing many handsome edifices. Salmon River, so named from the abundance of that precious fish found formerly in its waters, commences in Salmon River Lake, north west of Boar's Back and north of the Highway leading from Corberie past Hectanooga to Salmon River Village, and empties into St, Clary's Bay after a fiow of about fcnirteen miles. The village of Hectanooga is situated on this highway about eight miles east of St, Mary's Bay and a short distance south of Salmon River, It is a milling and lumbering emporiuuj, owned chiefly by Messrs. Blackadar & Co., whose mills adorn the village. The Westein Counties' Railway passes through Hectanooga, where a handsome dejwt is erected. The Natural History of Digby County is an interesting and profitable feature. It comprises a part of the Metamorphic District of Nova Scotia. This expanse varies in breadth from fifty miles in this County to seven at Cape Canso, its eastern limit. The surface is undulating and hilly, often covered by boulders of slate, granite, gneiss, and quartz. The soil is fertile, well adapted to vegetubbs and fruit trees. From this region chiefly, Gold found in the Province is obtained. In the Valley between North and South Mountains, new Red Sandstone, including also Red Conglomerate, largely prevail. The soil varies from fertile loam to barren sand ; being adapted to growth of fruit trees and roots. The Trap Rock comprises North Mountain. Modern AUuviuni are deposits accumul ited along margins of sti earns. Marine Alluvium, known as Marsh, formed ^ } i ^/* • -■ ;.'^ I ■ 12 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY I-'-'. ;>-',■ t" '< ■y/i i: V>y niufl left by titles at head of St. Mary's Bay, ami other titlal waters, is very rich, maintaining a rema.'kaM*! productiveness hundreds of years. River Alluvium, called Intervales or Meadows, abounds on the margins of Rivers, is composed of materials brought from elevated lands during freshets. Both kinds of Alluvial soil are very fertile, producing excellent grasses ; Marsh beinjj short and salt, while those of the Meadows are longer and free from salt — ingredients as upland grass. Iron ore is found extensively in the County. Limited i|Urtn- tities of Gold appear in some sections, though no sj'stematic effort is made to utilize it, owing to the inmiense cost of manufacture from rock through which it is scattered in apparently small quantities. Our forests are extensive, yielding timber, which is manu- factured largely into lumber and cordwood ; also abundance of fuel for home use. The cone-bearing trees — pine, spruce, larch, and others, are of great ccmmercial value. Oak, ash, maple, birch, and beech, are principal hardwood varieties. Among fine ornamental trees may be classed the elm, poplar, and rowan or mountatn ash. Many beautiful herbaceous plants are indigenous ; among these, the mayflower, spring beauty, Indian cup or pitcher plant, white water-lily, wild rose, and violet are the most conspicuous. The principal wild fruits are strawberry, raspberr}^ blackljerry, blueberry, and gooseberry, — all delicious fruits for table use and <;ookery. Apples, cherries, quinces, currants.are chiefly cultivated. Grapes are also raised quite extensively, though requiring con- siderable attention, when reaching maturity and becoming full}' ripe. The common cereals are wheat, corn,rye, barley, buckwheat, and oats. These are successfully cultivated. Potatoes, turnips, beets, carrots, and mangolds, are raised in large quantities throughout the County. Among wild Animals, the bear wild-cat, hicifee.fox, raccoon, seal, weasel, bat, mole, shrew-moose, hare, wood chuck, porcupine, beaver, squirrel, mush rat, field-mouse, mf>ose, caribou, whale, porpoise ; also many species of fish, such as the codfish, mackarel, salmon, gaspereaux, bass, herring, trout, etceten, are plentiful in our Coast Waters — affording amusement for .sportsmen, and also valuable luscious food, — being exported to foreign countries. Wolves, though formerly existing in the forests, have long since become extinct, through the vigilance of pioneer hunters. it. ::«- il i^" il[;t ih '|| lii ij ■ M Dt- OF THE COUNTY OF DlonV, 13 No lack of birtls can cause complaint or excite womk-r. AbuntUince of eagle, hawk, owl, robin, blackbird, wren, yellow- bird, king-lard, crossbill, crow, raven, bine-jay, humniing-bird, king-fisher, swallow, night-hawk, woodpeckers, partridge, pisreons, heron or crane, snipe. woodc(jck, plover, goose, duck, loon and gull are to be found. Usual swarms of Hies, gnats, etc., are seen. The most noticeable Reptiles are snakes, tortoises, lizanls, toads and frogs. In common with other sections of the Province, Digby County, though subject to the usual extremes of heat and cold experienced by all countries similarly situated on the east coast of America, is nevertheless exceedingly healthy. In fact, but few countries are more salubrious. Very little electrical disturb- ance alarm the timid or rlevastate hard earned property. Only one Tornado occurred since its colonization by Cancasions. Scarcely no damage, compaiatively, marked its course, which was narrow. BesiV\v ;■- 1--' ■I m .•■',-'-■ 'i. ..^^;^S^ It -J-/ ; 14 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY annum. Timothy, clover and other hay grasst -, are easily grown. Indeed, the chief detriment to agriculture which i.s caused by climate, will be found in the night frosts, which sou'etimos cut off cereals and vegetables in low lands, especially near the full moons in May, June, August and September, though very seldoui in July. Being nearly in middle of North Temperate Zone and on the eastern side of Western Continent, together with the great surface of its northern part, and the prevalence of westerly winds, its winters are colder and its summers warmer than countries of Europe in same latitudes. It is also influenced by proximity to the ocean, which modifies the preceding circum- stances and rendei's the Climate somewhat lens extreme than that of the Canadas. The mean yearly temperature is 43" ; extreme of cold 23° below zero ; hottest weather 95° in the shade ; and about one hundred days in sununer when the temperature is about 70^. likewise the same number in winter ranging below zero — the same number nearly, '• •■■ I f"':V ■'!' :"!,'* ■ - v'.V. ■ ■ ; 1 ■'■\-'r'\':'-:i ">I ',^.t> -J ' / ■/■• ^« . ^« \>.SiJ-i.a _ '■r:'-y\^- i- .■■.;'>■■ > ■ ■'^ .J t ( * ■',;/". •> . ' .^ ■ • ' ' •' ''"'•'■!' '*''jt\ '< ■> • i>v.v;-' . iy ■. \ i. ■ 7 >' ■1 • '".•' ■ •;<;?' ■'.•♦- ; • «"■ . - vf ■mi , '',■■•^.••.^ 16 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY The indomitable bravery and dauntless courage of Columbus and others, aroused that keen and enthusiastic competition which, in the fifteenth and succeeding centuries, brought the great, rich, and prosperous American Continent within tlio arena of European aggrandizement. The visits of Columbus to San Salvador, an«l of the Cabots, who sailed under English patronage, to our shores, was quickly followed by the competitive La Roche, advent on Sable Island, both in the last decade of the tifteen century. The residents of France were fully rletermined to improve the opportunity thus given, for the extension of their patrimony to the New World, which had been located by Spanish, British and French capital, perseverance and toil. Accordingly, the De Monts Expedition, which sailed from Havre, France, in spring of 1604, in search of the scene of De La Roche's temporary convict settlement, pursued a v.estwardly course until those hardy mariners re>\ched the south coast of what is now Nova Scotia and anchored in Saint Mary's Bay. Champlain, their eminent Historian, informs us that, leaving their ship commanded by Captain Timothy at anchor, th-^y pro- ceeded in boats to examine the shore and the natural productions of the soil. After describing Yarmouth Harbor, he says : — " Running ten or twelve leagues northward, you find no harbor for vessels, but manv coves and fine bays, v,iLh land very suit- able for culture. The woods are fine, but pines and firs are scarce. This shore is very safe, without islan ■■n' .-A.;. I'-., '."''o '♦-.rvi-V-. '■■.<-i ■■;'. .;>j\ /■N >"" ■ .** • ■ ' N. •^S'x-- • •t >'• .• '*■"> '.- 'f: ■;"';'>i .''■i * *' '. i i Z' *'l(*' V- V J •» J'" u ,•',.5 J :?•.';' *; ■.-►» : M. ■.•';> >■'■* 18 OEOOKAPHY AND HISTOUY Mar«5uerite, the width of the bay which is three lengues wide at its entrance. I took the height (of the sun) ut this phiee, and found it forty-five leagues and a half (should it be 44° 30' ?) and a little river of (N.) Latitude and 17- IC declination of the compass. This bay was named le bale Sainte Marie (St. Mary's Bay). ■ From Long Island par^sage, sailing to the north east, (niettant le cap au uonl est) six leagues, there is a cove which vessels can anchor, in four, five, six, seven and eight fathoms of water. The bottom is sand. It is but a road. Continuing with the same wind two league.s farther, you enter one of the finest harbours to be found on these coasts, where a great number of vessels could lie in safety. The entrance is eight hundred and twenty-five paces wide, and its tlepth two fathoin.s. It is two leagues long and one wide. I named it Port Royal. Three rivers fall into it, one on the east (tirant a' 1' Est) called the river de X Esquille, which is a little fish of the size of " un e.splau," which are caught there in quantity ; also they catch plenty of herring and several other kinds of fish, which are there in abundance in their season." After minutely describing this River and Goat Island, our historian proceeds : *' Within the port there is another island, near two leagues distant from the first, where th;;re is another small river, which goes some distance inland ; and which I named the river of Sainte Anthony. Its entrance from the upper end of le bale Saincte Marie about four leagues across the woods." Thus we perceive that though DeMonts chose Annapolis as the site of the French settlement, yet this County was very favourably regarded by those enterprising explorers, especially for the purposes of mining, agriculture, commerce, fishing, and defence in time of war. « We are assured by Historians that an accident happened to one of the party while in le bale Saincte Marie, which cast a gloom over the entire comjiany, and even gave rise to mutual recriminations between the Catholics and Protestants composing the Expedition. A Catholic Priosr named D'Aubre, well connected in Puris, had, from an ardent desire to see America, embarked in this OF THE COUNTY OF DIGMV. 19 m ,^?i enterprise, contruiy to tlie wishi-s of ull Ins fiiemls, \v!io luul even despatched ti messenger to Hontlcur, who entrcjittMl him to abandon the voyage. FiikHl with an overwhehninjij love of discfivery, and desiring to improve every opportuTiity of examining the resources of our County, he was ever foremost in the numerous excursions which tile party made into the surrounding country. On one of these occasions he had disencumbered himself of his .sword to drink from a spring, and having overtaicen his companions, who hail meanwhile travelled slowlv, he fouml he had unwittiriy-lv left his sword behind, and then promptly returned to the spring to recover his lost treasure. During the remaindiM- of their ramble the Abbe was not apparently missed ; but when they were boarding their boat at close of the day's adventures, they first observed D'Aubr6 was missing. Some said he must have been lost in the woods ; others that he had been devoured by wild animals ; while many openly accused a Protestant comrade of having murdered him, because the accused and D'Aubr^ had sometimes disputed concerning religion. The company waited several days, tiring guns and sounding trumpets, but in vain — the noise of the sea being so intense no other sound could be heard. Having finally abandoned all hope of finding their missing friend, the excursionists left the scene, an\^'^' 20 OEOGKAPHV AND HlSiOUY »■' ' '. * *-' . » '• "V«..."v'.' !■" •".;V-.Vx. V exaininiition of the iron ore found there previously ; ami also ob ascertain whether the imlicatiins of silvi^r discovered on their fornier visit were connected with the strata of that mineral. While they were thus enfjaged a hoat was employed in catchiny; fi.sh ; the attention of the crew was attracted by a signal froni the shore. It was the unfortunate D'Auhre, who, Hndinj^ his voice too weak to hail, had attached his handkerchief and hat to a stick, and lield them up to view, hopin^; that these European articles would be immediately recognized. Pale, feeble, and emaciated, his sudden appearance astonished them as much as if he had risen from the i;rave ; for this was thesi.xteenth dav since he had parted from thcsni in the woods. The acount which he related, was that iiaving recovered his sword, ho hastened to rejoin his companions ; but having travelled some distance, he found most unexpectedly, that he had returned to the .spring where he left his sword ; that the sense of his great danger increa.sed his perplexity ; and, at last, after most exhaustive fatigue and anxietv he reached the shore, where he watched continually for some of the native.s. During his sojourn in the woods he had subsisted on berries and the roots of succulent plants. The Abbe was greatly reduced ; ihdeed, it was f(»und necessary to restrict his diet. He, however, returned with the party to Saincte Crox, amid the inexpressible joy of all, and to the indes- cribable relief of the poor Protestant, who had been so unjustly accused of having assassinated him. The F'rench having thus planted their standard, hastened to secure, by means of presents and other pacifiv: measures, the friendship and esteem of the native Micmac Indians, who were then in peaceable possession of the country. In this they suc- ceeded admirably and fully. For many years thereafter, no attempts were made to further explore or colonize the country ; nor does it appear the French nation ever afterwards took any steps in that direction — being quite content to have it in the undisturbed possession of their aboriginal allie.s. OF THE corxTY (»r [>h;my. SI CHAPTKK III. AhOUIOIXIKS and their FoOTI'KIXTS — ACADIAXS AXn THEIIl Entrance within the County — Notes and Relics ok Ancient Settlements. No History of Dighy would bo sjvtist'jictory or complete without a flescription of the primeval inhal)itunts of our County. This Chapter is therefore devoted to such interesting phase, togetlier with a resume of their equally inseparable successors and most intimate French Allies. In pursuing this treatise, the reader will remember that North America was peopled at its discovery by great hordes of Indians, comprising several nations speaking distinct languages, who were subdivided into many tribes, each having a peculiar >.''f, GEUOUArilV AND MISTOUV The iippellutioii " Micmac" w»is ;^iven to theiii by tlu« French from th lit il hy til • I f. occulc powers proiessea uy tiitir nuiiiorouH Medicine men. An early Missionery says: "They claim to have been created whore the}' were, ami thit the Great Spirit or Superior Bein^ in whom they helievetl, haviii<; ma
missi(>n to His will, are but a small part of that knowledge which they possess from nature; fi I •'■ ;• fi' I e, J h-M- OF T|IE COUXTV OF DIGBV. 23 and whilst we deplore the darkness in which they are still burii'd, let us not forget that very few ages have elapsed since the greater part of Europe was in a similar state. And that the same means that have been used by Divine Providence to rescue so many nations from the depths of ignorance is perfectly adequate to the same purpose again, since neither good natural abilities nor a desire to be instructed are wanting for brinfiinjj to perfection such a d'^sirable event." M. Moreau in his " Historic de L'Acadie Francaise " published at Paris in 1873, relates : " Upon the right bank of the Kennebec River there was an encampment of Indians, which was the principal residence of the Jesuit Missionar}', Father Sebastian Rasle.s. Their Church had been destroyed in the last war and the tribe had been too poor to rebuild it. The Governor of Massachusetts thought he saw a favorable opportunity to secure to the English cause the allegiance of the Abnakis ; " which is another appellation given to one of the Algonguin tribes who occupied the Kennebec region. Moreau continues : " He," (the Massachusetts Gove^rnor), " proposed to them to supply the money and the workman to rebuild their Church, provided they would consent to be served by a Protestant minister. " His offer w%s with one voice rejected : 'Your words astonish me,' replied the Indian Chief, 'and I wonder at the offer you make.' When you came here you saw me a long time K'fore the French Governor. But neither they who came before you, nor have your ministers ever spouen to me of prayers nor of the Great Spirit. They looke. . • v "■"'■.\iv. ".■: J.'.-. ■ - > - ,..ip;-. ^., '•■.••■■ , ';.' 1%' , ' , 9- «-■ <•{_ ;.r- '.'■'»*'* ***'•'' '■. . -^ r.'/. •••-• 'r: '"■"ST- 't*'-;;' • '•''■:•." '■-'.'■ .' ■ ' '.\' • < .■■'A.r ' ■ , ■.vv. ^' -■ ■»' '. . i, ;; '.* ,«fc' ^"i vr ■■Vj•■ .>v' ■ "-*;'•?'■■ '''^ ■ I - . J-« , • > ■ •!■ 24 GEOORAPHY ASD HISTORY back to my own country and told them what had happened to me. They envied my s^ood fortune and wanted to share in it. They went to find the Block Robe and ask tor baptism. Thjit is the way the French have treated me. It when you had first seen me you had talked to mo of prayers, I would have had the bad luck to pray like you ; for I would not have been able to tell if your prayers were good. So I shall say to you that I will hold to the prayers of the French. I like them an' 'W.>: ~ ' ' f' . '■''k- .K-! ■ ■■ t ■ ». •*^- ■? • » * * • \ •■/■ ' .*- * '•; ''■ ■■-s..-- .1. - ■.',**■• *.':' ^ • ""w ;.'.-■.■ '■ /.< ■•■^.-x ',. •>. a: ; ..\> ^y'V f- "^Vl> ".' . - • » * ;<:;,:,..' ■ ,,'• •'*' . ."■>* > -' .V* ■ •-t^f i'^-^i> ■ *>-. ."•-j.t. ■:^^ '"7"' ■•:. .-'^r-; ■ > ' :•*•■! ' 26 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY ..■'^•-. *^-^^r:r^ in the morning before they awake." Those brave defenders of English liberty marched boldly after daybreak, attacked the I Indians asleep in their camps, killing their Chief on the spot. The savages thus surprised, being destitute of any effective weapons of defense, fled in disorder before the disciplined pursuers, who followed the skulking tribe along shore to Rogers' Point so called in consequence, near the Light House. Here most of them were slain ; some being shot on the bank, while others plunged into the water and were drowned. A miserable renmant escaped to the woods; and probably resolved to court the friend- ship of their conquerers, through the praiseworthy influence of their first Catholic Missionary, Abbe Antoine — Simon Maillard, since the notable burial of the Hatchet in presence of the Governor and Colonial Parliament took place in Halifax 176 J, sealed the Articles of Peace and Amity between Great Britain and the Sons of the Forests. Since ths English Conquest our Micmac friends have gradually modernized some of their ancient habits. The Indian females generally wore tall caps made of cloth, ending in a point at the top ; also, loose sacques, with skirts all manufactured of woolen or cotton cloth of the most convenient colors. They wrapped themselves in their bed-blankets when travelling, with or without their husbands, single or several together, married or single, as might happen. Mothers often carried their baby on their backs when going from one place or house to another, selling their well-made baskets, or on any other errands. The men generally dress like Englishmen. Both sexes invariably wore moose hide moecassins on their feet instead of boots or shoes. They always exhibited much ingenuity and taste in the various styles of baskets _which they made and sold to the .settlers ; by which they obtained much farm produce, besides some cash, in exchange. That extremely fatal malady, consumption, has made fearful ravages among the Aborigines ; aggravated, no doubt, by their uncomfortable and ever changing rcsidence.s. Constantly exposed to damp and cold, the race is rapidly decreasing. Efforts have been put forth to induce them to follow the white man's quiet and comfortable mode of life. An extensive tract of land known as Indian Hill, near Bear River, in Digby County, is set apart for their exclusive use and benefit. Some have improved this favor- able opportunity to promote their welfare ; but many prefer the predatory mode of their forefathers. The earliest immigrant of British parentage was Mr. Joseph Potter, a soldier of the Continental War, who settled in 1763, .1 i OF THE COUNTY OF DI illY. 27 near Annapolis Bason, in Smith's Cove, on Lot X of Hojire Gmnt, east of Smith's Creek, known us the Thomas Pro|>erty. The celhir may still be .ieen. A view of this spot is given to the reader. The Acadien French of lliis County are descended from the very respectable Colonists who imigrated from La Cadie, Honflcnr, Noriiiandie, and many other sections of Franco, to these Prcjvinces and elsewhere in North America between IGO-i and 1755, with a very few who left their native land since the latter date, for the purpose of aiding their Countrymen here in the ti'ials and visissitudes of life. They appear to have belonged originally to the working class, though honorable and conscientious in the varied walks of a busy career. Plain and unassuming in their dre.ss and manners, they have ever overcome almost insurmountable .difficulties with surprising success and adroitnss.s. The early settlers of Clare dressed in all wool cloth Homespun, some deep blue, others striped black and blue. Females wore woolen short gowns, of the same plain material as the men. They also wore Moccasins, made of haril tanned leather — the soles ami sides of which were made whole, being gathered around the top with a piece of leather set plain in the top "of the Moccasin.s. Irresistibly devote>r. ■'>:■•■ • •,■»; .o. • V;-v."r'< -.■. '•.•- V'."- :'.■.' •' ' '%''•":'' ' .■,♦■•<>'■•'.•' :\t^ ■>.■>■■■. ' -. *^' i*-'.'. ■'.:■■p■:'^ry.•K^^• :?*■• V. ^: . . . ' f ;?-;•<• r; -,■* 2S GEOGRAPHY VXD ISlSToHV The nutbor lias experiencod .some 'litHciihy in detenniniiig the exact «hite wlien the French enteivYl our ('«>iii»ty, asno ifcorfl of sitch settlement could be found. Tradition relates that some of these people living at Port Royal in 17.')o, cscapi'd to the woods when Winslow's Transports sailed up the Ainiapolis River, successfully eluding their pursuers ; and passed a roviuij, unsettled life some years, while the Micmacs aide*) tluin as far as possible. Thus the hitter requited zeal evinced for tlhin by their European friends. These French exiles, while roaming tbnaigh the forests, reached the south-east shore of St. Mary's liay. Finding- Hsh abundant, tha soil fertile, the forests plentiful and of great value, .some resolved to settle in the" vicinity, .\niong these was Augustine Guiddery, pronounced Jcdry, the )>ioneer occupant, who located in 1764 on the farm now owned by M. Charles Mande Melancon, near Hobbs' Hill, west of 8t. Croix Chapel, Gilbert Cove. The second was Oliver Robiehaud, brother-in-law of Guiddery, whose partner was Rosalie Robiehaud, settled on land now owned by Major R. Timpany, near >hore of St. Mary's Bay, Rossway, very .soon thereafter. Others whose names the author vainly endeavoured to procure, were saii] to have also lived around that B".y fifteen or moreyeais before the arrival of Loyalists. Apple trees planted by these adventm-ers were then bearing ample fruit. Some of these were standing recently on both .sides of the Bay, particulaily on farm of Uriah Worthylake, at Brighton. Those Acadiens cut hav on Marsh and on limited tracts of upland. Not wishing to live besid<.' Knglish, Robiehaud sold his improvements to Major Robert Timi>any in 1785 for a sloop; while the others likewise followed his exainple, — and all . removed to Cheticamp, Clare. - - September 28, 1764, Governor Michael Francklin permitted the exiled Acadiens to return and reside in this Province by takinof and suKscribing the oath of Alleijiance to Great Britain. This was the era of true Colonization. The surveillance exercised over the banished Acadiens during the Colonial War between England and France, to prevent their return, having been removed after the Treaty of Paris in 1763, .some of those people yearning for their native land of L'Evangeline, commcnei.'d their fatiguing return journey, though without friends, patronage, or enccurage- jnent among the British. Before tracing the settlement cf Clare by Acadiens, peculiar circumstances compel the Historian to observe, that M. Louis Surette, a pupil of Abbe Sigogne from 182.') to 1837, with com- mendable enterprise and much care collected a mass of tradition and records of tho.se momentous events, which he compiled. i \u 1 I ;. OF THE COL'NTV 01' DIOHY. 29 He was satisfied from these researches that M. Joseph Dugas, Jr., son of Joseph Diigas, born at Port Royal in 17'}7, and expelled in 1755, was born twenty days after settlement of his parents at LeBlanc Point, Belliveau's Cove. From .the ago Joseph Jr. gavt? M. Surette when colloctiny; the matter, M. Duijas would have been born in 1766. Accordingly M. Surette concluded the place was settled in that year, as Joseph Dufjas, Sertr., father of Joseph Dugas, Jr,was the pioneer. This was deemed authentic until 1890, when Plaeadie P. Gaiidet, Escj,, while visiting at the Presbytery of Abbe M. P. Babineau, Caraquet. New Brunswick, found deposited there the Baptism Refflster, kept by Abbe, Bailly, first Catholic Missionary in Clare after the French Colonization, in which it is recorded Joseph Dugas, Jr, was born September 25, 1768, instead of 1766, as previously st»vted by himself from memory of the date he received from his parents. Hence, 1768 is now universally accepted as the correct perioil of settlement by the Acadiens in Clare. / On the 27th of March, 1768, about two hundred families- collected on the shores of Mas.sachussets Bay, and traversed on foot the dense forests of Maine an'''v'.| ,.l,»'?f>'.V! ■•>•-■ ."■■.• ^ I ,iv*v^>'.' ■■ fj». >j»' •,.• . ■.■•■■ ^^V,?' ■■•••-.- <.-i .-:' i . -■' •■ - -*•'♦■ .T", ■ ■ I ■.-,«y Si-,---;.' ■ ~:;^-^^ ^ '■"■ ■ • -^ «. - ■ ...; ■■••.a-*i.if''SV-;- . t-;-i. ■-■•:•.•■ :<- . > » ■ ' t -^ ao GEOGRAPHY AND HISTOHY houses alul other buihlin^js ; while the Cathedral of St. Cliarh-s at Grand Pre, in which Colonel Winslovv asseniblcd thoin the tifth of September, 1755, thoujjh stantlin^, was greatly dilapidated. Having visited the Cemeteries, and offered fervent Prayers to the "Great Comforter of the Afflicted," for the repose of their dear departed, shedding many burning tears over their graves, the Pilgrims journeyed by the Highway to Annapolis. Arriving at the ancient Capital. English authorities directed them to the new Township designed for their occupation. Accordingly, Joseph Dugas, Senr., one of the returned 'Acadiens, with his partner, ardently wishing to see their future home, were conveyed thither. On the 9th of September, 1768, they reached LeBlanc Point, Bellivcau's Cove, in Clare. A hut was immediatelv erected, in which they spent the ensuing winter. The remaining families wintered in Annapolis. While these people were struggling amidst the greatest privations, to regain the lands of their fore- fathers, Governor Francklin and his Council were preparing for their location and advancement. Warrants of Survev, dated July 1, 1768, WQre issued by His Excellency for that tract of country Ijing between Yarmouth and Sissiboo, which he then named " Clare." When the spring of 1769 had appeared, Joseph Dugas wendeil his way to Annapolis to obtain necessaries. Returning by the Indian Path which followed the course of the different streams, and carrying one half bushel of potatoes for seed, strapped to his back in Indian style. Several weeks therealter, many families who had lived in Annapolis the last wiriter, performed the fatiguing journey to jf)in M. Dugas on Baie St. Marie. Among these. Prudent Robichaud, Junior, Jean Belliveau, Rene Saulnier, Yves Thebeault, Pierre Melancon, Joseph Comeau and Jo.'^eph Gaudet, aie mentioned. Mentionnons entr' autres les families suivantes : — Seven other familie.-j — Prudent Robichaud, Junior, Jean Belliveau, Rene Sauhiier, •Yves Thebeault, Pierre Melancon, Joseph Comeau and Joseph Gau let started on their exhaustive pilgrimage through the woods from Annapolis to join M. Dugas on St. Mary's Bay. Follow^ing the Indian path traversed by their guide, they crossed tlie §i.ssiboo Piver on logs felled athwart above site of present Gates' Saw Mills, an'> .■■«■,.'!•■ . ..-■•■>•:"?. 82 OF THE COUNTY OF UUiUW •■'V,'"'?..*,Vv >■ ■•>'>■■.■.■:•'■ ;'^>. "{■■.•;•''• 1*,;^* • * . ».. . . . • .-., .Ar.-- >^' ■>'-.iV-rv-'- •■•'•• ' ^jt;-.' / •>. ■. • ..T-'-^^s'''^-' :■'»" As time ftdvnnctHl, the Aca<1ieiis distriltutod themselves over the Township. More particulars will be t'oun- interior settltMuents. Metei^han Villayje was settled by Prudent Kobichaud and others in 17S'). The entire cojwt line from the southern boundary of Dij^by, now Weymouth Township, to the Chetieamp limits was soon inhabited ; and the whole reo;ion was greatly improved, presenting the appearance ot* a long, cf)ntinuous Ci>untrv Village. All the Acadians in the Province havino- taken and subscribed the oath of alley-iance in 1768, to his Majesty, George III., King of Great Britair), and his successors, those then residing in various sections, cheerful! v removed to the Township specially assigned to that nationality where they could live together in peace and prosperity. Clare gladly welcomed many of these and thus augmented her popula- tion. Altogether, the settlers in this Township were natives of Pi.siquid, Grand Pre, Cobequid, or Port Royal. Some of these had taken and subscribed the cath of Fidelity to Great Britain previous to 1755. About the time Du^as and others settled at Le Blanc Cove, Me.s.sieurs Basil Amirault, senior, and Joseph Doucet, senior, located themselves at New Edinburgh, holding their lands by Letters Patent from the Crown, sometimes stvled " Licenses of Occupation," which were issued ine years later. It has also been stated the Acadians in Claio first held their Lands by similar Titles. The MinuJ.es of His Majesty's Council contains certain Orders for issue of Grants to both English and Acadian settlers ; but it has not been deemed necessary to enlarge this History with these, except where some other point not embodied in the Abstracts of Land Conveyances from the Crown, found in succeeding Chapters, should be elaborated. Among the most. interesting and curious Anti(|uities in onr County, is the " Turnpike," which commences in Annapolis, and runs westwardly many miles towards St. Mary's Bay. It is an Earthwork, either furmed by some internal action, or possibly an embankment for protection during war. After proceeding west- Ward from Annapolis boundar\' an opening has been effected. Re.suming after short distance, it continues several miles, and again separates. About sixteen miles east of St. Mary's Bay, the third piece, called Boar's Back, commences, and continues several miles, then finally disappears. In some places it has a width of four or five rods ; in others, not more than three. Equal variations in height are als<^ noticeable. Its western block, ^' Boar's Back," forms the public Highway from Salmon River to Corberie, Forest Glen and New Tusket, a distance of two miles 'I V \ OK THK COUXTV ()!• DKJI'.Y. 33 just Vjft'ore roat'liing tho " Buck H'nid from Weyini»uth to Yarmouth." With this dcsciiptiou wc leave the icathn- to con- jecture how it oiii^iiijitefl ; since no trauttion or reeor"! on this point can htr found. An equally curious Formation wa.s di.scovered by earliest English settlers on the farm of Captain Charles Winchester, near mouth of FJear River. It consisted of a floor nuule of flat stones, about twenty feet wide and considerably lonijer. Some suppose they were gathered on the shores of Annapolis Bason and deposited there as the foundation of a dwelling, Church, or other edifice. While sinking a well on same lot, the skeleton of a man, a stone crock, holding about three gallons, were exhumed. Apple trees, very Anticjue and large, were also standing in the vicinity. Later, human bones were duV' *," .V -.■ * .; •■*',.■■..( t: -^ ■•!■■:.' t 1, '•.'■."•■•■• V- .. . i- lil-:- \.« ''■>■''''■ J-.:* ..,;■> >.;• 84 GEOOKAPHY AND HISTOKY CHArTEU IV. Eaulikst Land Chants in tiik Culntv — Phimauy Enulisii Skttlkus — Inducemknts to Emickatk Tihtiiki! — Loca- tions AND SrFFKItlNOS — OHANTS LsslKI* TO ACADIKNS. While the County wav, being peopled by follower.s of DeMonts, our Englisli ancestors were also promoting the .same laudable enterpri.se. Therefore, lli.s liritannic Majesty's Letters Patent, dated October 31st, 1705, i)assed the Great Provincial Seal, giving and confirming unto Colonel Jonathan Hoare, then member of Assembly for Township of Annapolis, all the Tract of Land abutted and bounded as follows : " Beginning at a Cove in the south-east part of the Joggin, and running South, twenty-four Degrees East, two hundred and ten Chains ; thence North, sixty- six Degrees East, one hundred and seventy Chains, or to Bear Eiver; thence to be bounded by Bear Iliver, the Basoti of Anna- polis and the Joggin, to the tir.st mentioned boundary ; — also an Island in the mouth of P)ear Kiver called liear Island ; contain- ing by estimation, five thousand acres, more or less, with allowance for rivers, unimju'ovable lands. Highways, and so forth; with all and all manner of mines unopened, excepting Minos of Gold, Silver, Precious Stones, Lapis Lazula, Lead, Copper, and Coals, in and upon the said Tract of Land situate as aforesaid." Before a colony could be settled on this veiy fertile and valuable acquisition, another Patent, dated November 21, 1765, was issued, granting unto Alexander McNutt, James Clarke, Michael Clarke, Anthony Henderson, William Mitchell, and Sebastian Zouberbuhler, Esquires, a Plantation defined as follows : " Beginning at the north-west corner boundary of lands granted to Colonel Jonathan Hoave on Annapolis Bason ; and to run south, twenty-four Degrees East, ten milos ; thence forty-five Degrees West, fifteen miles ; thence North, forty-five Degrees West, till it meets Saint Mary's Bay ; thence the course of said Bay, and along the shore through Petite Passage ; thence to Atmapolis Gut and the course of the shore on the Bason of Annapolis, to the first mentioned boundary — containing in the whole, one hundred and twenty-five thousand acres, more or less ; with allowance ftjr Rivers, Lakes, Harbours, and so forth ; with all and all manner of 1 OF THE COUNTV OF l)!fSHY. Si mint's niKipciied, excepting Mines of (roM, Silver, and Conls, in and niMtn the Tract of Land situate a'< aforesaid." Tims were the present Townships of Dij^hy and Weyniontli, .save L»mi,' and IJriar Islands, conveyed in a single I'dock, sidijcct to the f(dlowing conditions — that tifiy families should he setth'd tht-rcon within one year — to each of which tive hundred acres would he allotted. Failure hy grantees to fulfil these .stipulations, would render the Grant liahle to forfeiture. The Township so erected, was then iHiined " CoNWAV," in honour of (reneral Sir Henry Seynu»ur Conway. In connection with this Grant, tha following is givcai, to determine nature of Mr. Franckliu's claims to areas in the Town- ship, under rights accrued from share of Hon. S. Z )uherl)uhler : Governor Legge, in a Letter to the E:irl of Dartmouth, Colonial Secretary, dated Septemher 28, 1774, states "that the late Sebastian Zouberbuhler, in 176o, with the rest of the Council, had then memorialized the English Board of Trade for a Compen- sation " for services fi'eely rendered the Public Service ; that in response, he was constituted a Grantee of the Township of C vay, between Annapolis and Yarmouth. The Hon. S an Zouberlmhler just named as one of the Conway Grantees, who had been elected a member of the second Nova Scotia Assembly for the Province at large, lived in Lunenburg. In 17t>l, we Ww. him chosen tiist of the two Ilepresenlati\'es of Lunenl)urg in the next Parliament, which position he held until sworn a member of His Majesty's Council, then possessing both Executive and Legislative jwwers, on the seventh of Xovember, 1703. He, however, leased his sixth of Conway, comjn-ising the present Town of Digby with lands in Weymouth, May 15, 1775, to James Boutineau Francklin, of Windsor, Nova Scotia, a son of Hon. Michael Francklin, once Lieutenant-Governor of the Pro- vince. While these preliminaries for planting a colony were being arranged, Messrs. Jonathan Strickland, Jeremiah Sabean, Moses ^Morrell, Borden Thurber, Chri.^topher Strickland, and Itobert Morrell, Fishermen, had sailed along the coast, pursuing their avocation, up to the head of St. Mary's Bay, in the summer of 1705. Pleased alike with the scenery and ])rosi)ects, they decided to remain ; unaware, however, that by an Order-in- Council, passed July 2, 1765, the lands they were occupying and improving were reserved for the enterprising McNutt and asso- ciates. Being late in the autumn, they built a log shanty, ^-^;- '•'. 1' ", ■1 1 •^> \ h r-" '■•i.-i • .. -1 <'.-w--:^ ■;•. \^l-. ."A. .'i.» ' ',-.'-:'•'■ ■ '■ -' I. *.«. : .'s V- 1 "J - , . '•!./■ '-Cj. .;- ^ <^i■.i.^*• v' u. ■ '.. ■ ■- '■ i.-/if;<"- '5V.r;'> >., .'Vi'.i, " J'r ,'. \'-Vj. ,.,. «'■ i'^'. ^"i^ ■>.- •r';' ■ \ •> ,; ,:A ■■;• . ■ '■>' ■ '.<■«' ■■.' .■ ^> ••.; "- -Vt-.^J-: -'i. 86 OEOGKAI'HY AND HISTORY covering with sails ethiah Strickland, widow, to Cohmel James Moody, of Lot 12, Sissihou, is recorded in Liber One, hearing date January 30, 17SH, and witii ssed by Messrs. Uenjamin McConnell, James Cosman, and John Cosman. Being after arrival of the Loyalists, the nuniher attached to the lot is that atlixed on the IMan issuetl with the Ijotsford Grant, descrii)ed in Chapter Vll. Deidamia, daughter of Jeremiah and Susanna (La Vallce) Sahean, horn in l"*)'), was the first English native child reared in Sissihou, and indeed, within the County. Air. Thurher, where James C.ihsou resides, on West side of St. Mary's liay Mar.>h lload, southeast side of the liay, which forms part of land rei^ently owned hy Mr. Uriah Worthylake, He afterwards s(dd to Josiah Winchester, a native of Round Hill, i\nna])olis County, and his family settled at . Freeport. What a promising and attractive heritage '. The large and jiroductive area of upland, the never-failing and extensive Marsh at Head of the Day ; the sjdendid harbour of Sissihou Kiver, together with the fisheries, presented uid)ounded assurances of health, wealth, and comfort. A lucrative commerce could Ite easily opened with the older Colonies and West Indies. Such glowing prospects would indeed excite high hopes and firm resolves. Nor were they disappointed in the yield of the sea. Had the Grantees of Conway succeetled in locating an enterprising, wt-althy colony in the new Township, a joyous future would certainly have ensued. Mr, Francklin was the sole owner, who succeeded in persiiad- 1. V r > y "•« ■' , I I I II i: I*, -t ■ ■* f Ii OV THE COrXTY Of DIGJIV, «7 ing tMiiigiivnts to forsake the fL^licitics of liuni' for n life (»f t>il, .sacriticf, and anxiety, in a wilderness, jieojdeil l)y lit-stile siiva'^'.s. On the 23rd of Ai»ril, I7(i('>, ^lessrs. Wni. MeDornuind, \Vni. Fil/iii-r- ahi, liohert AIcDorniiind, .Tosej»h Weltber, dnhn T/iNvson, Farni-rs ; Joel Webber, a sea eajtlain ; and Win. Barbani'ks, a school teacher, renutved from Annajtolis to Conway, nnder Franeklin'.s ansjtiees. The first named settled on lot now occnpied by the Baptist, lately Te?n})eva;u-e Hall in town of Digby ; the second on the land of Mr. Edward }f. Syplier, north side of Kacket ; the tliird at lu'ad of Grand Joggin, west side, on lands belonging to heirs of late .lames H. Koop, Es(]., his descendants; the fonrth, adjoining Mr. Fitzgei.tll; the fifth, on what are now town lots three and four, on Qneeii Street, at Priiateer Cove ; the sixth, on present. " Lit No. fifteen, fronting on the Bason ;" while the last named tanght a Day School, boarding ainong his employers, according t) ancient custom. These brave people erected dwellings on laTid cleared the previous year, and also continued their work of transforming .the woodland into fields replete with life's necessaries. Thougli speedily surrounded l)y many comforts, they were constantly jxposed to ravages of Micmacs, who, jealous of the new depar- ture, were determined to dispossess them. But the greatj •.^•-3 ' ' '' .-^ ; ' ).'■< I' ■>-•.,• v.r ^- ■■■, -^/-^ --'i •■. •' *• >i. ■ '■■■'<. I*'*-;' •^•' ■■- 1. ■'■ .*' S8 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY time by one of tlie founders, had been jneserved as a Memento of " Olden Times." Briar Island was visited by Fishermen at an early period. David Welch, Senior, a native of Maine, United States, set out on a voyage to this Island in spring of 1709, as a fishing Tost. He was accompanied by Mrs. Welch and children. Tliey were afterwards joined by Robert Morrell, also born in Maine, but a resident of Sissi^'ou just })reviously. Finding tish plentiful, affording anijile means of subsistence, they renuiined, becoming pioneers ; and lived almost unknown to other sections of the county until arrival of Loyalists in 1783. They owned vessels, in which they captured produce of the deep. These were carried to the older colonies and sold. Provisions were bought there, and freighted the crafts on their homewfird journey. They lived in log houses, built near the shore, and thoroughly corked with moss. Limited })arcels of land were also tilled by aid of the Hsh and refuse, which raised splendid crops of potatoes and other. vegetables. They, however, failed to procure Grants at this time, and were unknown and unprotected by Government. After the Tories came, all improved lands were secured to their occupants by the King's Letters I'atent. Early in 1770, Samuel Harris, Esquire, of Horton, Nova Scotia, located on the farm now owned by Mr. William S. Cossett, Smith's Cove. He endeavoured to persuade others to follow his example. Failing in this praiseworthy undertaking he removed to Annapolis several years subse([uently, as the Indians were troublesome, mak- ing it dangerous for a solitary J^nglish family to live among tliem in a wilderness. Mr. Thomas Hamilton, and Mr. John Dickson, natives of Granville, Nova Scotia, having wandered down the northern I'ay in search of most promising location for prosecuting their fisliing 'business, decided to become founders of British tenure at Sandy Cove. Conse(|uently, Mr. Haniilton, with his partner and three sons, located near the sliore, on farm ^atel}' owned by Mr. Thomas Crowell. The other gentleman took po.ssession of one hundred acres on western side of the harbour. This occurred ^lav 12, 1778. Although they neglected to apply immediately for Grants, Ml. li"«, and .nsistucl l,o Moved ccuntiv '•• Tl , V . '.' " "'"""" "'" '""'^ "f ""y to sail out of the ,rl , ,. ' ,/' f '"»''"^;'. ""• l"»ateor ,,tte,„|,t,„l that ■• The fi«rf, v , eou,;, " "^ 'tI"''' '■''""'''''^' '"''' "'^' -'1*'"' take her „I„„j. wit u - • y^., " , • T'" 'S''''^''' " ^^'^ «'" George-3 Channel, 1 nTas'ZltK r™'"'', ''"''''"'='' '» ''"• I'oint., The soldiers aided Lvr"^^ ™," "''""<•■ "* '^''-''t^'s the pimtes. who!"*.! tiL ZdT ''lt'/''T" ,'" '^"P'"'° towards Gulliver's Hnl„ tl,.^ ™' * desultory chase countryuen i;, the re^Ued Si" ""■""'"^ '■^""■""' '" "-"• The, were ^^^^^^1^.^,^:^:^^^^ '"«• wages for such services. ^ ^""^ onliiuiry > o touut.^,a,ul otherwise encouraging iufont Colonies 0Aj!;::n7n oH^N^'"^" l-^ received a grant, dated lot 24 c,f ir( acres At ;.^^ containu,. two hundred acres, and of two hundred and tt^ Z:^^;^^^ ^^^' --^een, were conveyed to Joseph Eevie 1 twen^ respectively. two hundred and eiahty acres ^ Te^n V i ^^; ';?.' '°''^'''""»g Aimahle liichard roceivS Tot >r!% > \ f "''"^ LeBlanc; while dred and eighty aJl-es! ' '"^''^' '^^'"Pised two hun- Then follows another grant in M.v T^'-o Auunble Uoucet, three hunfed „d fif?, LeV-'lddr7'''= f" s:ii'=:ljECtd^-r''-- -" ^^^^^^^ el hi 'if I; 1! OF THE COUNTY OF DIOHY. 41 the Oath of AUegmuce, according to a return made by Joseph Wmuiett, E-5f[iure, J. P., for the County of Annapolis, thenunihjr of lot set opposite their several names, containing the complement of acres attached thereto ; viz. : Nameh. No. or Lot. No. of Ackm in Lot. Jean Basterache 1, 360 Francois Comeau, Jr 2, 200 Justinien Coniean 3, 230 Jean Comeau 4, 240^ Francois Comeau, Senior 5, 200' Joseph Gaudet 6, 200' Charles LeBlanc 7, 200' Kene Gaudet 8, 120 Prudent Robichaud 9, 280 Joseph Dugas 10, 160 Frederic Belliveau, Sr 11, .160 Jean Belliveau 12, 200 Charles Marien Belliveau 13, 80. Joseph Belliveau 14, 80- Hilarion Theriault !. 15, ' 200 Pierre Blanc, Jr 16, 160 Salvatore Comeau 17, 200- Joseph Bonne vie... 18, 200 Joseph Bonnevie 19, 200 Frederic Comeau 20, 200 ♦Freu'ric Belliveau, J r 21, 200 Jean Belloni LeBlanc, 23, 280- Joseph Gravois 23, 200 Joseph Gravois 24, 260 Charles LeBlanc, Jr. 25, 200 ♦Isidore Gaudet 26, - 200 Charles Bourg 27, *Paul Melancon 28, Charles Thibedeau 29, 300 Pierre Saulnier 30, 140 Rene Saulnier 31, 140 Claude Saulnier 32, 320 Jean Melancon 33, 300 Amand Melancon 34, 200^ 1- ■il^ ■ir ■'-'^•<- ■'•s> ^^ OEOGUAPHV AND HISTOHY Name OF GRANTEE. N0.0KL.,T. No. OH ACRES ..VLC 1 lerre Melancon 35^ 2OO Aniaiul Lanoue qn on a YvesThibault :;;" 37' fJl Xouis Thibaiilt 38' g^ Louis Thibaiilt 39' g^ Joseph Thihanlt 49' gQ Salomon Maillet 4]' ^gQ William Johnson 42' ogn JosephComeau 4^' o^o *raull)ugas, Jr \ ^% ^^■' Etienne Thibedeau 45' 280 Charles Maillet 45' j^q Joseph Boudreau 47' onn ♦Charles Theriault ;.'.* 43 ♦Charles Theriault 49' ♦Joseph-Boudreaii 50' *Jean Boudreau 51' Aimable Ptichard 52^ 280 Cassimiie LeBlanc 53^ 20O Pierre LeBlanc 55' 200 Josei)h LeBlanc 55' . -^cy^ Francois Doucet.... 57' 285 Jean Doucet 53' jqq Joseph Doucet 59' iqo Evon Thibault, probably 60,' 480 Prancoio Doucet, Jr fii' j^o Denis Doucet §2' 004 _ These lands were surveyed by John Morrison, Deputy Surveyor • M. Charles LeBlanc giving his note for payiuent of expenses £'>o' on first of September foUo^'ing, one half in cash and -remainder in 1 ork at Current xMarket prices. The documents are dated January 14, 1770, at Annapolis Pioyal. * The Proprietors of Lots 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 9 10 11 1-^ t'^ 14, 15. 10. 17. 20, 21. 25, 26. ' 27 k 29, 30 31. sV 34 35, 36, 37 39, 42 45. 46. 47. 49. and 53 only,' are 'included m the List of Grantees of this Division of Lands in our Southwestern Township, prepared by John Morrison, Esquire the Deputy who surveyed that portion of Clara. • All those Grantees had occupied their lands by permission of vm m m •'i iL OF THE COirXTV OF DIOHY. 43 Government, styled "Lr'KNsks of Occl'I'ATIox," (ostensiMy to test their loyalty,) since 17<»8. In assigning these lands tlie Acadiens Nvere represented l)y M. Jean IJasterache. Surveyor Morrison desired each person to numc the nuhiher of acres he M'anted, which was readilv laid out and allotted to him. This Grant extends from the Basterache Line to Petite Tluissean, (Little Brook.) Lots numbered 21, 20, 27, 28,45, 48, 50 and 51, then left vacant, were conveyed in 1785 to the respective Grantees named in foregoing. Lot marked " probably GO," though omitted from copy jninted in U Evanfjellne of July 2, 1891, is fonnd in Murdoch's History of Nova Scotia, in the Statement of a Return of A(;adieus in Clare who had prayed for lands to settle upon. No number of any lot is, however, given in last named List. The number of acres in lots 27, 44, 48, 49, 50, 51, are not given in the Schedule. Madam DeChevry received a Grant in Clare. At Church Point a certain tract was set apart for ecclesi- astical purposes, under control of the Catholic Church. This is now adorned by the Ste. Anne College, the Chapel, and Convent. Frederic Belli veau, Jr., and one hundred and ten others, were assigned a parcel of land known as " The Young Mens' Grant." Another block was conveyed to John ]\Iorrison, Deputy Sur- veyor. Frederic Guiddery and one hundred and ten otliers were included in a Conveyance of an extensve area, perhaps in Cheticamp. Another block immediately east of Salmon liiver was conveyed / to John Morrison, Deputy Surveyor. This was transferred by sale to the Acadiens who settled that region. In Corberie, Frederic A. Robichaud, Esq., was granted ^sixteen hundred acres. Some tracts have since been drawn by other French inhabitants. The Letters Patent of lands on Township Line and in some other sections, issued to Englishmen, but now occupied wholly or in part, by French, are given in Chapter VII, i| |J r II I ■ ' \' ' f. ;- . •'.\V .^« ». ^ :>«^,-** \.''y-\ ,:'X v' "V^i^ vA-'-" • .' ? ."'' :'i--* • ; - - J * ?*i- * :- ».v< . .- A >;• '_.'. ■ ■*.*!» 'l > ■ V-s . '. •».*"\^» "v-^- - tH -^ • » ', < >■< s' ; , - ■ .:■ ..'■ 44 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY ■ "•»*.<"■• - 1- "• '•...'-vO'V-i S-, rr '--i. ■'■.>':l:-| ■)V '«^■-•^• '■ ■>'/ '.:.■•; ■■ ? ;■ -.<•■'.'"" .... ."S ---VT V V , ;■».;•, :. -^^' ,. t ...^» ;. CHAPTER V. Loyalists choose Conway as their Home- cosditions, and first experiences. -Their Locations, The feeble Colonies planted at Jamestown, Virghiia, May 1 3, 1607, Plymouth, Massachussetts, in 1620, Chailestown in same Province some years later, and neighboring Colonies in that and succeeding centuries by emigrants Irom Great Britain and the European Continent under English protection, oj)ened tlictse fertile areas to the onward march of civilization and commerce. The contentions between France and Britain for supremacy over North ^.laerica led to an attempt in 1765 by the Imperial Parliament to impose on the thirteen Colonies : — New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachussetts, Ilhode Island, Connecticut, — designated New England, — New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, — Middle Provinces, — Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, in the warmer latitudes, — which provoked persistent and bitter remonstrances by the inhabitants, since tliey were unrepre- sented in the Parliament of England. Though this law known as the " Stamp Act," was repealed next year, yet the Home Government maintained its prerogative to amerce the Colonies at will. Consequently, a Continental Congress, comprising fifty-five members, representing each Province, met at Philadeli)hia in autumn of 1774, to legislate for settlement of the unliappy diffi- culty. A Series of Grievances was prepared, adopted and forwarded to London by Commissioners charged with seeking their redress. Congress then closed its deliberation. In the following year a second meeting was held, when the Delegates reported the unsuccess- ful termination of their Mission. The entire country wa? now in a ferment. The leading Malcontents promptly matured a policy of armed resistance. As usual in discussing all public questions, difference of views prevailed. Those advocating independence were called " Whigs " or " Eebels ; " sometimes " Bevolutionists " or the " Revolutionary Party " ; — while those on other side were designated "Tories," " Loyalists of the Americin Revolution," or more generally " United Empire Loyalists." The latter did not, as a rule, uphold the King or Parliament in their attempts to tax the Colonies, but they thought that whatever evils existed through ;; . ■—- '■■n-n-Miffli OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBY. 45 Legislation in Kngland could be cured by Constitutional methods ■without recourse to rebellion ; and they maintained they had a right to freedom of ojanion on this point; nnd further that they ought not to be coerced into an attitude of hostility against the Government of England. On the other hand the Whiijs denied that the Lovalists had any right to hold views not in harmony with their own ; hence, they robbed, insulted, imprisoned, and in some instances, hilled those refusing to sanction their arbitrary assumption of power. The oath tendered by the Revolutionists to Tories bound them not to assist directly or indirectly, the King's Troops and Navy, by furnishing them provisions or refreshinents ; by giving intelligence or advice ; and declaring they would bear arms and undergo military discipline, in defence of the common rights and liberties of America. In November, 1775, Queen's County, in the Province of New York, refused by an open vote of seven hundred and eighty-eight to two hundred and twenty-one, to send Delegates to the Provincial Congress, called for aiding the Insurrection against Great Britain. This action induced the Colonial Congress to resolve on the 21st of December, ensuing, that those seven hundred and eighty-eight electors " Be, and hereby are entirely put out of the protection of this Congress." This body then communicated their action to the Continental Congress, which ordered them to be deprived of all weapons of defence ; and also virtually outlawed this large mijority. Besides these indignities, Daniel Kissam, Esquire, Member of the Pro- vincial Assembly for the County of Queen's ; John Willet, Judge of the Inferior Court of Common Pleas ; Thomas Smith and Samuel Clowes, Justices of the Peace; Drs. Samuel Martin, David Brooks ; Capts. Shoales and Hallett, were seized by Col. Nathaniel Heard, who was despatched for that purpose from Woodstock, Connecticut, with over five hundred men, in January, 1776. They then pillaged the Loyajists in Queen's County of what- ever valuables were within reach ; and returned after several days with their captured men and treasures. The prisoners were delivered to the Central Congress, confined there some weeks ; then remanded to the New York Congress, by whom they were detained several weeks more in a low, dirty tavern, situated in a very unhealthy district, and harrassed by a drum constantly beating a> theii* prison door. They were finally discharged on parole. Many other influential and worthy Lryisin, lt>siiig his Estiito there iis rccomiMMise foriittach- inent to the liritisli ciuise, returned to his fitrnM-r home the following snninier iitul coinph^ted the Uoll of Kiuigr.ints fur the Hrst I'own in Dighy County, calletl by Stewui't anul (!»»nMslinry, New El)lXl»ini(Ji[, after the capital of Scotland, tlnir native city. and placed the Menioriul for recognition and Legal Possession in tlie hands of Sir Guy Carleton, a brave officer and confidential friend. This prayer was readil}' granted ; Warrants of suiviy were proniptly issued ; and the Town Plot niaiktd out by Chu les Morris, Esquire, Surveyor General, Col. John Taylor, Sauniel Gouldsbury and Stephen Jones, Es(|uires,Coinnjissionei's appointed by the Governor to assist in locatiuij settlers. Each person di'ew ' his share by Lottery, under supervision of Sui-veyor and Coni- missioners. Scarcely had this been accomplished, when some of the principle citizens, influenced by their friends, who had become residents of Shelburne, or of St. John, N. B., disposed hurriedly of their eflfects for niinor considerations and speedily joined those dear ones in other scenes. Several l>eing intelligent, wealthy and enterprising, were soon distinguishe .-•V r ' ' ' \ir 48 GEOGRAPHY AND lllSToUV «lisj\|H)o»\iv . -.i ■. •■•J • .'/ '--.<• <.■■'■ ,■•■<■. |v.. ,. .-,. .■ ,». -■ ,••'..■•?' Returnin*; to Conway, we find the Oovernnient and Tinini;;rant Agents still active. McNutt and associates having failed to locate the reijuisite settloinor.ts, a Notice for Kscheat of Conway Grant was puhlished in Halifax, March 18, I7!S.*J. This, however, was not accomplished. Cireat expi dition characterized the; j)ronioters of settlement. Vessels to transport the Loyalists were sought to be hired l>y the Provincial Government. Great Britain ijuariintiill tlic sum of seven Pounds, Liwvfnl Moni>y for a certiiin Lot of ijround — adjuinina Captain Hill. Mi". Fitz^Ljerald the Bason and the Racket and nunil)ei'ed one marked Y. L. " •• WILLIAM X COLK." mark " WlTNKSS." "John Geouoe, Joseph Buowx." This is tlie only Document known by the author to be cstant, dated at "Conway." It illustrates the validity of Francklin's claim a.s Assignee of Zouberbuhler. A number had brought oak house frames from their native land. These were speedily erected on grounds hastily cleared by the willing and <]etermined band, who lalioured constantly throughout the season in clearing the forest's and securing their families and effects from the elements. Many built houses of logs, corked with moss, until more commodious edifices could b(; reared. Several of these, afterwards enlarged covered with boards and shingles, stood over one hundred years, and were seen by the Author and others in this generation. Determined to advance, the emigi'ants resolved to erect a Town at their new abode, ho| ig it would l)ecome a large and •opulent City, Devoutly thankful to Adnural Digby for per- mitting the Atalanta to remove greater number so comfortably and promptly to " Land of the Mayflower," all the citizens united in entreating Government to insert " Dioby " in forthcoming Grant, instead of " Coxway." The Town Plot was laid out by Deputy Surveyor Thomas Milledge, with following boundaries : — " Beginning at the Ray," (latterly Cruicksbunk) " Corner, socalled, and running along the Bnson to Baxter's Point ; thence following the course of said Point to West Street, thence to the Racquette ; thence around the shore following the course of VVater Street to the place of beginning " — containing about st'venty acres The residents then drew their Lots by chance, under supervision of Surveyors Milledge and John Harris of Annapolis ; with Amos Botsford as Agent for the Colonists. When notice for Escheat of Grant came befoi-e the Council, IF -,• /. ■ I-: ■ * iW. •i ■••'?/?;"*:sr '■•'.,• > >y . •>! * 1* * -■. *?■ *.-^*- \':*'4 •v» >> iV'^ •^^/i. •»' ■r-V„ 4;:;0: ':i^ ''ss ''■■•f ■h'iir^- •/■^ •A " • ■"; / 'V.; -.i*. ■- . . . ...> '-■':;' * 1 ( • " '. ^»' ■ •■.';<' '■'.■'<. ■iV;^'; 50 OEOGRAPHY AND IIISTOllY Governor Pjirr insistotl till Rif^hts jiceriied by Hssigiiinont of Hon. Mr. ZoulH'i-luihler to tluuieH Boutineau Fnincklin, should Ik- fully protected. Revertin;^ to the Pi(UH!oi*s, VVilliaui McDonuiiud, tiioii at Gulliver's Hole, was allottfd four humlre 1 acres in the Town- ship l>y liotsford's Rtiport This he sold under a»»thority «»f the Grant to Botsf(>rd and others, (hereafter described) for £>'M)0, to Amos Botsford then soliciting Agent for the Loyalists, May JJ, 1784, witli " Buildings and appurtenances thereunto l)elf)nging." The same tract was afterwards conveyed to Rector and Wanh'us of Trinity Church, in Trust, for the Inliabitants of the Township, being thus described ; — " Bounded northerly by land originally granterl to Archibald Hamilton ; east and south by the Common and Glebe Lands belonging to Digby ; " latter conveyance bears date Deceujbor 6, 179G, signed by John Hill, survivor of three Trustees — Edward VV. Brudenell, Col. Joseph Barton and John Hill, to whom Botsfonl conveyed it as a Donation to the Town- ship, June 10, 1785. This Lot is situated on north side of St. Mary's Bay. William Fitzgerald claime//., owned by Messrs. Rutherford and Nash, Merchants, sailed from the North or Hudson River, New York, with a numerous company on board, bound for that Township on Anna; olis Bason, named on the Charts, " Conway," under the commund of Captain Jonathan Walton. A tedious voyage, attended by changeable winds and boisterous weather was h,r lot: having been twice driven off our coast by those adverse elements. At length, Long Island was in .sight. Desiring a Pilot, Mr. Nathaniel Bates came on board. A record kept by one of the emigrants, states that when approaching the entrance, many on board becoming alarmed at the narroNvness of the passage, feared the craft could not pass the barrier; Great consternation and dread dismay per- vaded their minds on that memorable tenth of December. Females wrung their hamls and screamed frantically ; expecting every moment the frail bark would be dasheftifely to anchor in tne beraitiful Basin. While some built camps on shore, and hmded with their faniilie^s and effects, on Christnias Day, amid the usual festivities, the majority remained on board till Spring. ProbaV>ly th«?se Colonists experienced greater hardships, ami suffered moi-e acute privations than the pioneers ; for, vvlnle the former had a warm and cheering sea^in to aid them in prepari.ig for the cold and storms of winter, their followers were exposed both to a prolonged voyage ainl a rugged climate, unfavourable alikefor building and the fisheries. They were also crowded together in a comparatively small and unpleasant habitation. But amid all these incon- veniences, tlie genial society on boanl and in the settlement excited high hopes, and intensified firm resolves to fully improve the coming summer in preparations, appropriate and ample, for enjoying succeeding years. When cheerful Spring had gladdened by her kind return, the town assumed a most busy and enterpris- ing aspect. All vied with each other in strenous efforts to improve and adorn the landscape. As rural surveys from ^he Township, and also from Clements on (Opposite side of the Harbour were completed, each settiei- drew his lot, under supervision of Charles Morris, Esq., Surveyor General, assisted by his Deputy, John Harris, of Annapolis, Merchants, Mechanics, Farmers, and Physicians, besid'i's some gentlemen of great eniminenco in wealth and hiijh attainments, thev comprised a full Colonv of tiue and noble Patriots ; chiefly natives of New York and New Jersey. Many were, however, Officers or Privates of the English Army and Navv, who were (lischarged at close of the late War on half- pay, a few of whom who had never resided in the revolted Provinces. A large proportion of the disbanded Troops were liviog in the Colonies at commencement of hostilities, ami freely enlisted as Volunteers in Provincial Regiments. Among these uere seventy negroes, who were Slaves when the War began, but were promised their freedom by General Sir Henry Clinton, ♦ if they would join the British Army and remain till close of the struggle. The reader can perhaps conceive how humiliating and how extremely burthensome antl laborious, a life of toil, exposure, and fatigue, in a dense wilderness must have been to the founders of our goodly heritage, after enjoying Wealth, emoluments and luxuries in the homes founded bv their forefathers ; who had endured even greater sufferings th.it *' V fr t i ' 52 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTOUY ..';:■ -t\ ..• • ..-.IC^^V^';- ^ ^ r ■r V^V.'.-^ v..>. i-r, V- t f V"^ ■■■• i^K -v-> ;i_i CHAPTER VL Mode of Allotting Lands to the Loyalists — Progress of THE Settlement— MisfJELLANEOus, Goveinor Parr at first comnilssioned Amos Botsfunl Soliciting Agent for Conway, with Instructions to ussi . ery Applicant tor Grant the Proportion of land that sh >m'«; '>e j,»^iven each. Subseqiicntly, Revereml Edward William 'rudi aell, Episcopal Clergyman and Chaplain to the Atalanta ; Richard Hill, Esquire, aftervvartia Justice of the Peace ; an 1 Mi\ John Stutiip, a Loyalist from Port Mattoon, were adnd had marvellous powers of endurouce. Tiuy were 1 I OF THE COUNTY OF ^MO»Y 53 fully conscious that success in their a»hment. ^vais( Leveret Bishop was Master Shipbuilder; Charles Richards, David :<-.iii ^:S I' - .' J .■/•'tr-i ■,. '•''-•. ;- --. ■■' '*, .•'> >■ ^^C^^-T .-> '*(''.»■'* 1 , . .'•'vt.:.*; ;^^:y':A : 1 •> i." ? . ■ .' ■■•■:-^- '■■::. '4.* ■ V. ».. .1 :*, .-?v Tj-*. >' . n!^^-^''^- /, I ■. *• '.■ i'l'^r 'ryi.',--^..- ■. ■ : ■^:i>'yr^ ■■ »-.<."»'■• •• ■-v;-; ■;., ''.".-■ v» i ;r-| .V^.> t ,j. i ; * ■* ' - • •• 54 GEOOKAI'HY AND KISTOIIV Standi.«sli, Sliip Carpenters ; Henry Snelling, Jeweller ; Daniel and Jaines Leonard, Sail Makers; Lawrence Hortwicke, Architect and House Carpenter ; Jesse Keen and Mattlnas Kelly being also Builders. Thomas Ellis, Abraham Miller and John Thompson were Coopers ; Jacob Dakin, senr., and Isaac Roop, Blacksmiths. The premier Physicians were Drs. Christian Tobias, Peter Huggefor'd, John Skinner, Fleming Pinckston and Joseph Marvin at iTigby ; with Abraham Florentine in Clements. Messrs. William Young and William Schirmer, Medical Practitioners, also resided at Digby in September, 1789. Terence Kerin, Esquire, was the earliest Barrister and Attorney -at-law • also a Notary Public. Isaac Bonnell, Esq., was honoured on February 9th, 1784, with a Commission as first Justice of the Peace resident in Digby, but having jurisdiction over the entire County of Annapolis. Richard Hill and Maior Robert Timpany were added on 29th of following March. Messrs. Isaac Bonnell and Richard Hill were also con- stituted at same time Puisne Judges of the Inferior Court of Common Pleas. September 16th, 1784, Ensign Anthony G. Kysch became another Justice of the Peace. Terence Kerin was appointed March 16th, 1786. Andrew Suodgrass pn 6th October in latter yeir. ' Dongald McCastle, sometimes spelled McCassell, wasa Weaver. James Richards and Conrad Handlespiker were Tailors. The Loyalists settled in Weymouth, also arrived during 1783 and 1784; but the precise time is unfortunately lost. While some were conveyed direct by the Transports which brought other Colonists, the four Jones families came to Annapolis some time previouslv. Having: decided to locate at Sci.ssibou in 1783, Mrs. Elisha Jones, with her adult son, Cereno Upham Jones, af torwanls a prominent Justice of the Peace, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and Member of Parliament, as Manager; Robert, second son ; Mehitable, Asenath ; and Eunice, afterwards Mrs. Andrew Snodgrass of Digby, accompanied by Simeon, Josiah and Stephen Jones, left Annapolis in boats. They saile;hwav to the River on farm now owned by his great grand.son, Henry Moody, Esq., near the shore. Captain John Cosman lived on the George D. Hankinson Farn) ; Jesse Hoyt near the River on lartd now owned by Charles Burrill; John Hatch at Hatch's Creek; Capt John Gregg, on the old Payson place, near that Creek now occupied by N. B. Jones, Esq., Collector of Customs ; Reuben Hankinson on farm of D. S. Kinney ; Captain James Cosman on the farm next southwardly; Solomon Bunnell, with his son bearing same name, on Lot 24, north side of Sissibou River, where he with Samuel Goldsburv, erected a Saw Mill in 1784. This entrv sufifjiests the insertion of a most melancholy tragedy, which shocked the infant Colony. Mr. David Fitzr.indolph, who reached Weymouth from New Jerse}' in spjing of 1784, and domiciled on the land after- Avards known as the Nathaniel Payson Property, had an amiable and lovely daughter named Jane. Her bright smiles and winning manners soon woii the admiration of young Solomon Bunnell. His manly bearing, agreeable style, and gallant attentions were reciprocated by Jane Randolph. Intimacy ripened into Love ; ove begat mutual contract ; brightest anticipations of con- jugal blifjs animated their hearts, and irradiated their happy countenance.s. One beautiful winter night, as Solomon and Jane sat in the parlour of her father's pleasant and enjoyable home, amid all the elative atuiosphere, a change in the programme, for mere edification, was conceived in the varied mind of the young lover. Grasping a gun which unfortunately stood in the corner of the room, he pointed it playfully towards the darling of • his heart, -.. .*f> -ft ;rr;,'- V-.r ■•^v »>■..-■ ■■•.••■'.-' .'.i ;:.^. iXv^ 56 GEOCJKAPHY AND IIISTOHY pulled, when, lo ! the conHiling househoM were uwnkened instantly from their J>weet slumbers by the summons from the Death Missile, calling their beloved child to a higher sphere 1 1 f Scarcely was the wounded and bleeding Martyr, begging her darling's pardon for these reasons, placed on her couch, when life became suddenly extinct. Appalled and heart-broken, the dis- consolate but unintentional slaver fled from the harrowinfj scene. Everything was lione that love ami dcvoti«»n could devise to revere and perpetuate her memory. In a fielviniiuily exleiid uhove First Falls. On south side of the River, Samuel Tarliill. Valentine J. Tarhill, .lumens Kverett, Peter John, Huu'h Oerniain, Josejih Dunhar, resided. Here, too. no Colonist-^ hu-iited ciist of the Lower Falls in early years. David Shook owned the Haukinsou farms at Weymouth Point. His dwelling stood ahout where ]Mr. William C. Hankinson's barn stands. Alexander ILiines lived on lot after- wards owned by his son Caleb, but now occupied by ^Ir. Daniel Hankinson. Abraham Brooks built on the farm now owned by Mr. Harris Harding Brooks. It will be noticed that the locations of Thonias Bannister, John Stewart, James Gibney, and John Cameron, whose names appear in Muster Roll, are not given. Thomas Bannister resided in New Edinburgh, and M'as charged with the duties of Postmastei, Probably, the mails were conveyed thither by a Packet from St. John, N, B, Messrs. Cameron, Gibney and others, were unknown to the author until examination of Robinson's Census Returns already named and given hereafter, revealed these facts two years since, when all pioneers had passed away. The present generation have but a hint idea of the hardships enduied by those early residents. Without highways, they travelled through the woods from hamlet to settlement, in some cases, by marked trees. Before the Post Road from Sissibou to Digby was made passable for teams, a lady is said to have carried varied kinds of farm and and other produce, following the path near Bay shore to its head, thence by a path through woods to the Town, returning with an ample load of supplies strapped to her back. Other inhabitants were also obliged U) follow the same course. One of the oldest gentlemen now living remarked to the author, "That notwith- standing their hardships, tradition says they appeared as happy as " Parson's Pig," having their chopping frolics by day, and winding- up with a dance in the evening." William Wilsdii, (lisbanded from the First Battalion of New Jersey Volunteers, and Sulomou Bunnell were Carpenters. April 21, 178.", Samuel Gouldsbury, Josiah Jones, and Thomas V- .^' 1 Wf .T', ', ■^: • •'■ '■ ** . ''- . V .1 '' . ". • * •^< ' ■' j 1* tr '««,. ,■;• ■':■}': .•■^v '■"'''i," ■■".'•' .■ V'' .^* ,*'.' ■'> ;>i-r-'-^ •'-■.*' -^ *t'*-.,.. .':','* 'y.-i-.,:^» 7" - i?';';/.--.'-*.'-^' '•• , / ■ . • ■• ■**■•. .. ., • -. . 'liv^:>^;'^ • ' .■ ' J '■ •- 1- » f I I- Ji • •.■'C, 58 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY Bannister, commissioned Justices of tlie IVace for Comity of Annapolis. Septembers, 1703, Simeon Jones and Aimable Doucet, Esqrs., appointed Justices of the Peace for Annapolis County. Cereno U. Jones and John Moody, son of Col. Moody, were earliest ISIerchants in Weymouth, Shipbuilding was inaugurated at an early period. The first craft is credited to Colonels Moody and Taylor about 1793. Her maiden trip was to Liverpool, England, reaching their after eighten days voyage. Among early Loyali^its^ettlement, the Islands rank with Digby, Weymouth, and St. Mary's Bay. Eleven families cast their lot on Brier Island in 1783; many followed in after years. In addition to those already named, Messrs. Hubbard and Fillis settled on this Island at the Harbour before arrival of the Loyalists, Messrs. Samuel Buckman, Jacob Medlar, Charles llichards, Ethel Davis, Christian Klingsahr, Captain Luttit, Peter Puntin, Andrew Coggins, Alexander Long, Elisha Payson, Mitchell Lincoln, Jonathan Payson, Dennis Sullivan, George Lafoley, Moses, John, William and Simeon Rice, brothers ; also, William Bailey ; Moses and Loce Denton, Bobort Morrell, who settled iu middle of Island, near the Harbour. Long Island was inhabited when the Joseph touched there early in December, 1783. No records had ])een kept before that time, no Grants issued; hence, inability to furnish further details. Nathaniel Bates then held the Island Ijy occupancy as a Fishing Post, probably entiiely unknown to authorities in Halifax. He was a native of New England as well as the Pioneers of Brier Island; but living contented and happy, without interference or protection, obtaining commodities from home traders in exchange for products of the surrounding deep ; and ;j;rowing whatever vegetation they desired to cultivate on the sea-girt lands. At Freeport, besides Borden Thurlior aii'.l his sons Samuel, Isaac and Benjamin, who removed thither from Brighton, Neill McNeill, Esqr., Bartholomew Haines, Michael Prime, Senr., James Boney and Michael Prime, Jr., were Piisiucr Loyalists, Central "11,1: ill . .t ii OF THE COUNTY OF DIOMY, 69 Orove was founded by Nicliolas Tibert, wlio k('i>t the first Hoti'l on the Islands where George X. Tibert now lives ; also Patrick Delaney, whose property is owned by his descendants. Messrs. Kobert Onthouse and John ^fcKay founded Tiverton; then Petite Passage, in 1785. Digby Neck was another aticient landmark for intending settlers. The Loyalists at Gulliver's Hole given in IJobinson's Muster, are com])aratively unknoun to present inhabitants. Fishing being chiefly followed, they were engaged in that occupa- tion. Very few have descendants in the County. Major Robert Tinipany accompanied by Captain Frederick Williams of Annapolis, founded Ilossway in 1785. Having sailed in a sloop to Little Joggin, they followed the Indian Path to head of St. Mary's Bay, then down the shore to north side, and along Bay to their lands. The former located on farm now owned by Major Timpany, Esq. ; while Mr. Williams selected the equally valuable tract William A. Hall, Esq. holds. Mr. Williams erected in 1788 on stream running through his property, the first Saw Mill built in the Peninsula. Jonathan Bishop on land of William Bishop ; William Thomas on land of James Thomas ; John ' Hill where Mrs. John Henderson resides ; John C. Small on land of late Edward W. Small, now owned by George Lynch, Esq., of Digby, and converted into a Sheep Ilanch ; John Ross where William Ross lives ; James Hutchinson on Widow Hutchinson's property ; William Gilliland on the Gilliland Block, east of James H. Robbins west line ; Thomas Craine on lot west of the Timpany Block, which extends four hundred and forty rods westwardly from last named west line ; John Aikins on lot adjoining to the west. Jacob Smith lived on the Smith lot in Waterford. Messrs. Jacob Cornwell, senr., and William Johnson, junior, emigrated thither from New Edinburgh in 1789 ; the former lived on farm of Weld Cornwell, Esq., near shore of the Bay, south of highway ; latter on land of his grandson, William Johnson, Esq., Postmaster, Michael Burns lived on farm of Mr. Samuel Sanderson ; Obediah Griffin near Griffin's Brook ; Moses Ward on property a short distance west, still known as "the Moses Ward farm." In 1788, Captain Isaac Titus, a loyalist from Bedford, West Chester County, New York, then living in Digby, emigrated to the farm in Centre- ville, then Trout Cove, from the quantities of that fish found there, m .' A '' '' • ?.--\ •'•■• . '■I -''■■'■.■ . .1- . ,v'. .A-C,-.' . --Vi->^;.:'... ■:• .'.■.■•>::' ■■••; K If .- , -w 'i ^ ,(.-'. 60 OEOORAPHY AND HISTORY and settled on farm latterly owned by his descendant, ^[r. William Titus. James Ward, another Tory, located on the Holmes Property. Tradition says the three United Empire Loyalists named Graham found on tlie Botsford (Irant, settled in this beautiful and thriving village. Richard Annalmry the noted Kogers' Hanger also lived on the Hill bearing that name. When settled by Loyalists, Trout Cove was a forest. Sandy Cove, whose name bespeaks the nature of its soil, received Messrs. Thomas Westcott, Morris Peters, Daniel Van Velser, Martin Blackford, John Morehouse, William Saunders, John Jones, Stephen Fountain, Matthew Stewart, Daniel Soales, Anthony Flavell, Andrew Ten Eyck, llichard Grogan, Peter Harris and Simon Van Vleck of the Loyalists stock. Mr. Westcott lived on farm recently owned by Francis Harris, Esq. ; while Morris Peterg occui)ied five hundred acres now owned by Messrs. I^ldridge. Mr. Morehouse on land of T, K. Morehouse, Plsq. ; Stephen Fountain on farm of Fountain Eldridge. Messrs. Arthur Dingee and Ichabod Jarvis also resided in the vicinity. All these lived near each other amidst the beautiful scenery. At Mint, often spelled Mink Cove instead, ]\Ir. Joseph Cridncy a loyalist who emigrated from the new Eepublic to Shelburne, settled in 1789 on farm since belonging to John O'Neill ; also, Simeon Raymond on land owned by his descendants. Little River was primarily colonized by Mr. Joseph Denton residing on Silas Westcott's land ; also Stephen Denton, Francis Harris, who transferred his residence from Grand Joggin ; William Addington, John Gidney, Ashbille Rice, and William Hutchinson. Samuel Tidd and James Stanton lived between Little River and Petite Passage. Gulliver's Hole or Cove was honoured by having ]Mr. William McDormand as its first resident. He removed thither from Conway in 1780. Mr. David Cosseboom settled on farm now owned by Mr. Charles Cosseboom. Ezra Hammond and Malcolm Mon-ison, Esq., were also early residents. These are in addition to those given, in Robinson's Muster Roll. Cix)ssing St. Mary's ]>ay, the Gilbeits named on Botsford Grant founded an English Colony in 1783 on Gilbert's Point, t<.i :% •.]. 'i i m V ■'■I i 1^ 'i 1 '^ f ^ ' J ■ ;*'■■ ^ II ): % 1 yH f ite f i(; if J: L ii OV THE COUNTY OF DIOHY. 61 which is now the ]>roporty of Messrs. Frederick Siibean, .Itssi- BaiT and Frank W. 8.'il)L'an. Joso|»l» IMcConnell located i>n L<»t 70, just west of Gilbert's Creek; Tienjiiinin and Klijnli MeConiu'll on adjoining lots 71 and 72 respectively. Kni»ch Towner lived a few years on rhillipixt Conieau's fiirin, cast of llaptist rinnvh, Kinneytown. George Black in Gilbert's Cove, on George MailK't's farm ; Jacob Jerroleman on lot since nccnpied by lU^lloni Melancon ; Jacob Christ, pronounced Criss, a Corporal in Knyp- hausen's Hessian liegiinent, on farm of Etienne Thibaiideai'.. John LeM'is in Plympton, where Alexander ^IcDunald Kstp resides ; James Jones, Jeremiah Everett and Joshua Xorthrup between last named farm and Savary's Brook ; Nathan Sjivary, Senior, on he Sabine Savary property ; Nathaniel and Joseph Purdy on Alexander Purdy's land. Anthony Specht west of Marr's Brook, Barton ; James Marr on eastern side of that stream ; the Lambertsons on lots owned by their desccndents and oMn-rs; John Hewett on Homestead of John S. McNeill, Esq. ; J)avid Bonnell on Lot No. 40 ; where he built a Saw Mill ; William Saxton where late Sumner Nir^ M'son resided ; Timothy Saxton on the Trefry lot, owned by imas W. Chesley, Esq. ; -lohn Saxton on iixnn of Isaac G. Hutchinson. Esq. ; George Saxtnn, Senr., where Mr. Chesley Thomas lives; Patrick Haggerty <>m farm of late John Abbott, now owned by Mrs. Heber Snuill ; Peter J. Rowe on the William H. Young Homestead; Abraham Wilson, on farm owned by Mr. Nathan Seeley, which was subse- quently owned and occupied some years by James Wilsun. William Drake, on the Comeau lands in Marshalltown ; John Morford lived on Lot 23 ; Henry Snyder, one of Knyphausen's troops, on Lot 21 ; Charles Colbourne, on Lot 20 ; George Wood, on No. 19, afterwards owned by Mr. Anthony Marshall, from whom the village was called " Makshalltown." John Burkett occupied the Hunt Farm ; Philip Whatman lived on the " Duwliug Lot," where he kept the first "House of Entertainment" in Marshall Town ; Dennis DoMling also resided on ]»urt of same lot. Thomas Kipp domiciled where Went worth Morehouse lives ; Jesse Keen on the property opposite, owned by hi«j progeny ; Lieutenant Colonel Jacob Henry Ivnipschild, one of General Knyphausen's celebrated and ■ ^ntidential Officers, where Cap^^^ain James F. Eaymond resides, on corner of Post Koad from Digby to Yarmouth; and the Post Koad. from Digby through Westville to Grand Joggin ; afterwards owned by late Jacob Woodman, Senr. ; Maurice Hargreave's on latter Post Uoad ; Captain James Craige on site of \:t ■.-}ri ■• i-.s.''.- :..;- c tr;j"- ■"■'•■r^-j- '\ .■ . ' F;:'|i>*:^^^v 62 OEOORAPHY AND IHSTOUV Scliicilt .Toll Ilayinond's llutol, Acacia Valley Mills, George fsciiieiiMr, .loiiii McDougall and 1 )itinar3 Sclia'tVer, on Lot No. 1, Shellmriif L'oad; Christopher Ifoop .subsei^uently on sainr^ lot ; John Hoop on Lot No. 2 ; John R. Nicholls, Senior, on t.i-*t side of Iioad, now owned by John M. IJalsor ; Samuel Warn" on Lot No, 4, west silo of Ilighway, at present Iwlonging to Abraham Nichols, Esq. Logree Liberty, ii Guinea negro, from whom the settlement was called •' Liberty Itoad ; " and another colored man named Custard also had rude habitations «>n the John Warne lot. On Valley Shore, east of the Mills, Francis Harris lived on the Abraham Warne lot ; Jaoob Sypher where late John Dunbar lived ; Maurice Welch on farm of Jacob Smith , Eleazer Fairchild, on the Farnsworth lot , Gt urge and Anthony ilollingshead on lands owned by Messrs. Geofge M. Welsh and George Hoop. Lansdowne was then a wilderness. Hill Grove and many other interior sections were occupied only by Aborigines, who still lived unmolested in their forest fastnesses. As the Shelburne Road lots inchuhil Hill Grove, Surveys were effected there V)efore other districts lying inland. Mount Pleasiut was founded in 1787 by removal thither from Digby of Messr.s Abraham A'an Ta.-sel and Conrad Handlesjiiker, settled under the North Mountain ; Giorge Baine and Gilbert Tost in Broad or CuUoden Cove. Charles Hinxman lived at Bay View. The Crofters who came in the Ship Mary Ann also settled in these two hamlets. They were industrious and worthy citizens, A few Loyalists became inhabitants of Smith's and Soulis' Coves in Hillsburgh. Messrs. Benjamin Nathaniel and P'lijah Jones settled on the farm just east of Chute's Creek, now owned by George T. Cossett, Esq. ; John Lawson, of Digby, lived on William Cossett's farm a few years ; Thomas Watt on farm of Jabez Snow; Alexander Thompson on that ol Spurgeon Wier ; Lawrence Van Home on eastern side of same lot ; Thomas Ellis on adjoining lot now owned by Charles T. Potter, P2sq. While some contend that no other settlers lived west of Smith's Creek in last century, others believe several of the intervening lots were then inhabited. Dr. Abraham Florentine appears to have resided for a time in that vicinity. Mr. Joseph Smith succeeded Joseph I'ottev on lot No. 10, east of Smith's Creek ; Daniel Soulis on farm now A m L'li- hh OF THE COUNT V OF DUillY. (S:< owned by Mr. Chnilos N. Suiilis ; Diuiiol Oilill on fnnn owrnd liy Thomas O. Moigaii. Tho n-iiiiiiiidca- of luesciit Hillslmr.^h Township was then a wiUlerness. While highways were, as a rule, unknown in tht* rural distiicts, yet some settlers, weary of travelling throui,'h the forests or by water, began detached pieces of Turnspike. JMessrs. Johnson ami Burns constructed one across their farms at "NVaterford, wliich forms part of the Post Road from I)igl>y to Westi»ort. The Government had opened the old Tost lioad from Annapolis via General's Bridge, Brinceville, Clementsvale, Hessian Line, 1't.ar River Village, Landowne, Acacia Valley, Pleasant Valley, Westville, following old route in front of Baptist Cemetery to Digby — entering the Town by Saint Mary's Bay Street, instead "of via Warwick Street, as at present. Packets had l»oen estab- lished between St. John, N. B,, and Digby. The Sally, Captain Bell, had been detained for this purpose after landing her Colonist. Another, called the Matilda, owned by James and Charles Thomas, of St. John, was also employed in same enterprise. These made trips weekly when possible, carrying mails, passengers, and merchandize. Captain Bell soon died, and John Beyea a Loyalist residing in the Commercial Metropolis of New Brunswick, succeeded to com- mand of the Mai'ij Ann. James A. lloldsworth opened a lit[Uor store on his lot at junction of Water Street and Montague Row, Digby. 1 1 • *■■• , > •. ■ ' />-. s y .-vVj.i- i ;">;> ,! V, 64 GEOORAI»HV AND HISTOllV CHAPTER VII. Township and othek Grants — ^Discontent conceiinin«i the Allotment ok Lands — Fukther Arrival .— EARr.v \otes AND Improvements. AI) preliminaries having V)een completed, the Governor ;;r>intetl on twentieth of February, 1784, unto Amos Botsford, William McKinney, James Hughston, Jeremiah Holcomb,EbenezerBeaman, Joseph Rnr, Alexander Phillips, Alexand«;r Graham, Samuel Thompson, Issac Hutchinson, Mento LeSa<;e, George Sutherland, Julian O'Sullivan Sutherland, Jeremiah Milner. William Pannett, Patrick McGuire, Enoc Towner, Benjamin Babeock, John Bragg, Adam Belcher, Solomon Bunnell, Georije Baine, John Cosman, Joseph Cronck, Thomas Cumminijs, Thomas Craine, Samuel Chandhir, Dennis Dowlin^, James Fld^rar, Anthony Flavel, Thomas Fowler, Stephen Fountain, Patiick Graham, Stephen Goldsmith, Richartl Grogan, Myers Graham, John Hatch, Thomas Hutchinson, Jesse Hoyt, George Johnson, William John- son, Widow Jenkins, Archil)ald Jones, Ellsha Jones, ,Jf)siah .lones. Widow Johnson, Henry Lebarre, Martin Johnson, Timothy Liingley, John McKown, Alexaiuler Clinton, Jere'.uiah Moore, Richard Marple, Joshua Northrop, Henry Nichols, Thomas Cclvin, JabezOsborn, Simon Purcel I, Joseph Patterson, Nathaniel Proctor, Simeon Parker, James Parkes, James Richards, Frederick Robinson, William Shea, William Sautiders, Enos Stevens, John Slocum, Simon Van VIeck, Andrew Veitch, William Veitch, Thomas Wtird, Tnomas Weare, Elijah Williams, Adam Walker, Mary Barry, Gershom Hilliard, John Taylor, Andrew Ritchie, Senior, An -k ill OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBY, Go Deziui, Josliua Tonfjue, Phineas Stevens, Isanc Gootlnmn, Siurnicl Evrtn>, Ht'zekiah Wheeler, Ricluinl liowlshy, Jolly LmiiL^slioii;, Joimti)au Morehouse, Richard Cayt't)r(l, Ca|; T^^^^-: 66 GEOGRAPHY AND hISTORV Reubt'ii Clfiwson, Conrad Haiiillespiker, Thouuis Pilgrim, John Lejike, Huiuphrey Wiule, Henry Laforj^e, Isjuic Bonncll, Escjuirc, John Roome, John B. Moore, Ro<(er Pye, John Burkett, John Hill, Thomas Ki})p, Colonel Isnuc HatHeM, R(jbert Leoniir>.-.-^' ■■,■>■'*:,.. •■• ,,/.>!>-.V!-' 'mm-- '• • y ' » * x' >'<•'• v.. '■'.•' '". . -{■ ' 1-.' '■. , ■■.-*..'v 68 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY Auffust no, 17N3, for a " Jx)cation of Land »it Sissil)t)U River, St. Mary's Ha}, and places adjacent." Anthony Stewart, Philip J. Livingston, Samuel Gonldshury, and Samuel Donaldson were natives of Scotland, and emigrated pieviuusly to New York ; Rev. H. Addison came from Maryland ; Josepli Taylor, New Jersey ; John Mandoley, Rhode Lslan«* luSii. .1 .ii,.-^'^-'- '• - f 1f fr!'''-' '' • . - V - '.'•"^''■- '>'' 70 GEOCiHAl'HV AND HISTOUV Annapolis Royal, July 18, 1784. Sir, — Havinf; received Major-Geiieral Ciimpbell's Instructions to muster the disbanded Caps, and Loyalists at Annapolis, Digby, and the places adjacent, after consulting with the Commanding Officer at Annapolis on the most speedy anain, 4 ; Joseph Cronck, 9 ; I'hoimis Cniine, 1 ; Jiimes Cmigu, •") Jauu's Ed^^iir, 7 ; Stei»hen Fountnin, 2 ; Aloxaiulur (irahaiu, 2 , tt-plion Gold- smith, 1 ; Richard Giogan, 8 ; Martin Johnson, (j ; Frorlcrick Robinson (} ; Henry Johnson, I ;* Henry Lei>arre, 1 ; Mento Lc; Sage, 1 ; Thomas Langley, 1 ; John McGuire, 1 ; Jeremiah Moore, 5 ; Richard Marple, 5 ; *Henry Nicholls, ; Jonah Ward, 1 ; Thomas Oshourn, 8; Jabez Osbourne, I; Simon Pin-cell, 1; Simeon Parker, 2 ; William Shea 5 ; Simon Van VIeck, 4 ; *VVilliam Saunders, G; Tb.omas Wall, 1; Adam Walker, 5: Anthony Flavell, 4 ; James Parkes 3 ; George Johnson, 3 ; James Richards, 2 ; Widow Barrett, 1 ; Jacob Brevvare, 1 ; Christian Breware, 4; Levi Van Cleke, 2;* Ephraim Ellis, o; Nicholas Cobb, 2; *Jona^ an Bishop,J[ ; Ezeki::?l Wilton, 2; John Hatch, 1; Elitts Botner, 9 ; WilTiam McKinney, 5 ; Benjamin Petitt, 4 ; Silas Pettit, 1; Dennis O'Reilly, 1 ; Chas. Richards, 1 ; Laurence Johnson, 7 ; Edward Forrest, 1 ; Ebenezer Ward, 5 ; John Edison, 9 ; John Morford, 1 ; Peter Runyan, 1 ; Marshall Edison, 1 ; James O'Haru, 2 ; James Pierson, 2 ; William Green, 1 ; James Bradshaw, 1 ; John Ross, 1 ; Gritfi',h Jenkins, 7 ; Jtiines Bl mche, 2; *Nathaniel Bates, 2; Jacob Lazador, 5; *VVilliam Jornea, 1 ; Nathaniel Butterfield, 1 ;* Maurice Welsh, G ; John Lewis, 1 ; Patrick Haggerty, 7; Jonathan Clawson, 7 ; Reuben Clawson, 4; *Isaac Longworth, 3 ; Joseph Merum, 15 ; *Thojnas Watt, 2; Peter Valleau, 1 ; Jane Cayford, 1 ; Sarah Cayford, 1 ; William Totten, 3 ; 'Joseph Totton, 2; *Benjamin Jones, 5; *Mai'v Jones, 1 ; *Nathaniel Jones, 1 ; *Elisha Jones, 3 ; *Elizabcth Jones, 1 ; *Aliraham Van Tassell, b ; Peter Cline, 1 ; Richard Pierce, 1 ; GaV)riel Briggs, 4 ; William Acklenburgh, 2; Douguld McCustle, 7 ; *Michael Prime, Jr., 1 ; Philip Shipley. 7 ; *Santuel Tidd. - ; John Page, 1 ; *James Young, 1 ; Matthew Rollam, 1 ; Norris Gr.:dy, 1 ; Jane Parker, 1 ; Joseph John.son, 1 ; *Jonas Mead, 1 ; Brude Bachelor, 1 ; James Totten, 1 ; Benjamin Lawrence, 1 ; Captain Richard Hill, 8 ; James Hughston, 14 ; Thomas Grigg, 1 ; *James Marr, 9 ; John HiP, 6 ; *James A. Holdsworth, 2 ; *Thonuis Holdsworth, 1 ; Nicholas Johnson, 5 ; Robert Dickson, 5 ; *Martin Blackford, 1 ; Chri.s- topher Harrison, 5 ; Thomas Harrison, I ; Robert Wilson, I ; William Street, 1 ; *Jacob Cypher, 4; *Joseph Thomas, 1; Daniel Burtnet, 1 ; *VVilliani Gilliland, 1 ; James Creighton, 1 ; Lawrence Hortwicke, 5 ; John Austin, J ; *John Ross, 2; *Robert Ray, 6 ; ♦Samuel Hitchcock, 7 ; Enoch Moulthrope, I ; David Cunningliam, ■•■.».-.5 ■■f.-.-^ •Note. — Name of head of each household is here given. The figure following eac4i name denotes number composing tiie particular family. Where " 1 appear:!, the person was uninarried. Thu.^e marked hy an A.st- risk arc iieitors ot sfMne of the present inliabitants in the County. Ill i» r . ;• i • ,4/ • \ % 72 GEOQRAPHY AND HISTORY 6 ; John Donuellly, 1 ; William Dezan, 1 ; Luwieiico Thurston, 6; *J>vn»es Wanl, 5 ; *Jc)hn Biut^f;, 2 ; John Luiiert CamplK'H, 2 ; William Cuflmore, 1; David Sowles, I; William Cale, 1 ; Jeconiah Huliome, (should prohahly he Jeremiah Holcomb, as hn was actually a Settler,) 3 ; Jacob Ott, (i , S tmuel Hand, 1 ; *Alirahatn Wil.son, 3; James Dar<;e, 1 ; 'Neil McNeil, .V ♦Isuuc Tituv 7 *Losey Titus, 7; *Jose|li Smith, o William Burhanks, 1 Ebenezer Street. 3 ; Samuel Street, 2 . John B'lann, -^ ; *F.dmun . Titus, 2 ; *David Titns, 1 ; Midiael Xujr, i.f, 3 . James Irwin. 3 ; Stephen F reman, 5 ; Widow Patterson, 3 ; i'rttrick McNulty, 1; Dennis Dowlinj^, 2 ; John B. Moore, 6; •Jacub Fi^tst, 2: *Luke Hall, 1 ; Michael Grant, 1 ; John Jackson, I ; *Isaac Bonnell, 2; *.bdin Ijewis, ') ; *Samuel Wnrne, 4 Thomas Gau luell, 4 ; *Oliver Hicks, 4 ; Hainiah Buskwait, •") . *Joseph Thomas, 4; Ismhc Jus|i-on, 1 : .b • «• Uichar«in Coss^^hoom , (J ; J-remiah Berdick, 3: *>_:;UMnel Si» th, 1; Emmanuel Randollur 7; ♦.Micluu 1 Burns, 10 *William ^^ J OF THE COUSTV OF IH(;(lV. 7.? BuniH, 9; *J().soph Dintoii, 5 ; *St(!plu'i» Doiitim, 'i; *AIex)itj(li'r Smith, 4; Iclwvliod Jarvis,4 ; *Ct)ni(jIius llyorvon, 1 ; Arthur Dij^fV, (probably Diiiyot', since hitter diil come to the 'rownship,)! ; Jumts IluK's, 1 ; Joiui McLeod, 1; *.Johii McKny, 1 ; HolH;rt Sherin»ni,l ; Jiicol) Starkiii, 1 ; Joliii Edw.inls, 1 ; Jiimes Trieiider, 1 ; John Reinsen, 1 ; *FredericU Hunt. G ; *Peter Harris, 1 ; John Com- fort, 3 ; *Thoina9 Hunt, 1 ; Gershom Hilliard, 8 ; Cliristopher Tobias, 6 ; (proliably shouhl "Christian" instead,) John McQueen, 3 ; *Francis Aiinstrong, 4 ; Samuel Walton, 9. ; *ArcliibaM Campbell, 2 ; *\ViHiam Armstroni^, 1 ; Daniel Tobias, 1 ; Thonias Haire, 2 ; Jacob Lvidlow, 1 ; Peter Brown, 1 ; Lemuel Evans 3 ; Thomas Davenport o ; Isaac Hatfield G ; John Uoome 8 ; Johii OrigtTs. 3 ; Thomas Kipp, 4 ; Samuel Kipp, 1 ; Ko-ri-r Pye, 5 ; *Joel Holmes, 3 ; Hannah Hubbs, 1 ; Peter McMullen, 1 ; *John Leonard, 1 ; William Davenport, 1 ; Willia'" R. Bull, 1 ; Thomas Bayeux, 9 ; Joseph Si^ets, 1 ; *Joshua Smith, 2 ; Frajicis Owens, 2 ; Juhn Bice, 1 ; Alexander McGregor, 1 ; Catherine Punt, 2 ; Joseph Wiederholdt, 1 ; Fleinndng Pinekston, 2 ; Jacob Gislt'as, 4 ; William Mussels, 1 ; Abraham Florentine, 4 ; Thomas Hill, 5 ; Peter Long, 2 ; John Parr, 3; \\'i ; HfU-moui(nis King, 1 ; Jam'is Barratt, 1 ; Jacob Christ, 2 ; David Shook, 4 ; John Rateham, 7 ; Henry Gray, 1 ; Robert Clarke, 2 ; Solouuni Sizeland, 2 ; (should be Sizeling ;) *Abner Smith, 1 ; William Simpson, I ; *Thoina.s Cousens, 1 ; Benjan)in Skinner, 1 ; Peter Easton, 1 ; Phineas Arnold, 1 ; Charles Ferguson, 1 ; *Isaac Roup, 3 ; Christopher Roup, 1 ; *Jacol) Roup, 1 ; *John Roup, 3; Helen Rhodes, 1 : Samuel Achton, 1 ; William Green, 4; *Charles Hincksman, 3; Abashie Howe, 1 ; Robert Bignell, 3 ; John Colins, 1 ; Edward Dennison, 1 ; Thomas Coaltam, 1 ; Thomas Townley, 2 ; *Balsor Israel, 2 ; Willliain McGee, 2; Patrick Dennison. 3; *Josepli Purdy, 1 ; *Daiiici Purdy, 1 ; *Nathaniel Puidy, 1 ; William Tennant, 1 ; *Samuel Thompson, 9 ; J(jiiathan Walt: ^...>.,., *^i^-- V W' ' i^' ■'% '•.•<;'*l ■- *' ■* '.<"-• ."■ '••r /:^6:^ »■ 4 > ': .•aX'-?.-. .■ ^'>: l^i .^' ; • y' •t- 74 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY DISCHARGED OFFICERS AND PRIVATES. *Conrac1 HuiullespiUer, o ; Francis Pilgrim, 2; *Peter Smitli, 3 ; *Ma}(jr Thoimis Milledge, G , ^Euhxcju Phineus Millodge, 1 ; Andrew Schooley, 1 1 Eilwaid (iou^er, 5 ; *RicIuiid Meade, 5 ; Andrew Minck, 1 ; Jolsn Stritch, 2 ; Malaclii Bonhani, 1 ; George Rey, 1 ; James Austin, 1 ; John Parkes, I ; *Ichabod Olivci, 1 : David Quigley, 1 ; *Jol»n Cliristian Sniall, 3 ; Colonel Joseph Barton, 3 ; Cajyt. J. C. Alberti, 3 ; Lieut. Henry Knipschild, 4 ; * Lieut. David M. Gibbons, 2 ; Ensign Frederick HendorfT, G ; John Skinner, 1 : George Gunn, 5 ; *EIijah Jones, 1 ! *Stcphen Jones, 1 ; Josiah P.urrell 7 ; William Geoffrey, 1 ; Richard Cunningham. 1 ; Joseph Johnston, 3 ; *Abraham Piirdy, 1 ; *Michael Prime, Senior, 1 ; Peter Walker, 2 ; Francis Fowhr, 1 ; *Thomas Buskirk, 3 ; Thomas Kennedy, 3 ; Michael Rogers, J ; Joshua Northup, 1 ; *Wi'iiam Young, 2 ; *Anthony S[»eicht, 3 ; * Major Robert Timpany, 9 ; Captain John Hooton, 5 ; ^Captain William Thomas, 7 ; *Joseph Mumford, 5 : "/•> 7?. '?i^n " (Anthony George) "Kysch, 6; Jacob Blacker, 3 ; Edward Greenfield,!; John Rennell, 1 ; Michael Miller, 1 ; Michael McDonald, 1 ; James Foreman, 5 ; Michael Connolly, 1. Besides the foregoing, John Wilson, 5 ; Robert Leishnian, 1 ; Jacob Phillips, 1 ; (each st3'led " Mastor of Transport ") James Baisley, 1 ; ("Master of Pcgrjy"); William Baisloy, 1 ; ("Sailor") James Stewart, 2 ; ("Mate,") Samuel Saunders, 1; ("Sailor,") all of Peggy ; Pompey, Absalom, Charles, 1 (each) slaves «>f *Capf. Israel Young, who had leturned to New York for his faniil}' ; *John W^illiams, (Free Negio); also James Brown, 2; formerly Mariner, settled in Digby ; Joseph Holdstock, 1 ; James Burket, 1 ; John Lawson, 1 ; *Thonms Branngan I ; (each) labouring men; Lawrence Lacy, 1, mariner; and John Philip Rashi, 1 ; also a Laborer are included in the Roll — all of which, with other residents, and the Free Negroes, made a Total of 483 men, 240 women, 16 children between ten and twenty-one years of age ; 204 und ■ ten years old ; 137 servants ten years of age and upwards; and fifteen less than ten, — being 1,295 souls then mustered. Twenty-four only were refused the King's Bounty until Mujor-Gencral Campbell's pleasure should be known. Then followed the subjoined Roll of Separate MUSTER AT GULLIVER'S HOLE. ♦Jonathan Morehouse, 5 ; Joshua Tonge, 3 ; Alexander Wheeler, 1 ; Patric'v McGluire, 3 ; — 12 ; all civillians. Is -^ 'I U 1 OF THE COUNTY OF DIOllY. 75 The following Roll is preserved of those on ST. JIAllY'S BAY. *Williani Johnston, 4; Simon Weeks, 5 ; *Johu McKay, 1 ; *VVilliaui Saxtoii, 5 ; *John Saxton, 1 ; *Timothy Siixton, 1 ; Ebenezer Thomas, 1 ; *Nicholas Outhouse, 1 ; James McCulloch, 1 ; Thomas McCulloeh, 3; Peroz GilhiTt, 1 — being eivillians ; also, *Robort Outhouse, 1 ; Thomas Gilbert, Senior, 7 ; Thomas Gilbert, Junior, 1 — Disbanded from the Army. Sissibou is next credited with havinf^ received this Colony, who answered to the MUSTER AT WEYMOUTH. CiVILLIANS. Daniel Canniff, 4 ; Isaac Pettit, 4 ; James Reid, 2 ; Benjamin Cornwell, 4; John Lowe, 10; William Lowe, 1; *Samuel Doughty, 1 ; Jos. Northup, 3 ; *Josiah Jones, 6 ; *Widow Jones, 6 ; Solomon Bunnell, 7 ; *Peter John, 6 ; *Alexander Haines, 7 ; * Benjamin ^McCoiinell, 1 ; Joseph McConnell, 1 ; *Simeon Raymond, 8 ; William Collins, 1 ; John Williams, 1 ; James Gibney, 1 ; *John Cosman, 1 ; Thomas Bannister, 2 ; Enos Stephens, 1 ; Phinen^ Stephens, 3 ; *Jesse Hoyt, 6 ; David Fitzrandolph, 7. Disbanded Officers and Privatks. *Captain John Taylor, 5 ; William Wilson, 1 ; (a Carpenter), Lieut. Samuel Tarbill, 7 ; *Cornet Simeon Jones, 2 ; Ensign, Valentine J. Tarbill, 1 ; *George Burnes, 1 ; John Cameron, 1 ; William Cummings, 1 ; Donald McDonald, 1 ; Lieut. Francis P. Le Roy, 7. Mr. Robinson compiled the Rolls for Gulliver's Hole, St. Mary's Bay, and Sissibou between the first and sixth of June, 1784. He reported those at the first named settlement came very lately ; hence their lands were not much improved. He, however, considered their prospects good. Very few were at St. Mary's Bay, since their only way was by water ; which was difficult and somewhat dangerous. No Highway's had been opened there. •M>^■^) ' .V-'O.vt: .■■.;■ .;■■•«•■ ♦ r ■ v;V:'.V'-y L; ••>■ "*•? 76 OEOGRAl4iV AND IIISTOUY He cliC'croil Geiujral (^uinpholl by tl»e assurniicc that thoo nt Sissibou were *' very s|iirit<'(i in tboir exertions to improve tli» ir lands, wbich »iru very ^o«m1." It is " very convenient lor tisbiiifjj ; the Kiver bein«^ a l, kxI Harbour for any vessels cuiployed in tliat business." In the Report on Clements this persevi-nng and faithful Enumerator >,av8 : — "The Settlement" "is not so forward, beeuuse more recently Settled than other s<'ctions ; hut as the (! vernment has so iirejitlv assisted them by nwikinn-aroad throuj^h the Settleujent, and their own exertions, probably it will soon become a r< spectable on( MUSTER ROLL FOR CLEMENTS was taken at Annaj >lis, July 30, 1784, by Mr. Robinsori ; from which items concerning ti.iso within the present Township of Hillsburgh are taken ; — James Wilmot, 3 ; Jonathan F'owler, 3 ; *George Knitfin, 1; *Ambrose Haight, 3; *DunieI Odie, (should be .spelled Odell,) 4 ; *Abijah OdIe, (should be Odell,) 7; Marcus Brundage, 4; George Sutherland 8; "Julian" (O'SulIivan) Sutherlantl, 8; John Bridgewater, 5 ; — all civilians. To thts.- may be added Captain Robert Rollo, 2 ; a discharged < >*HctM' of the "American I^egion ' ; also, *James Everett, 10; .narked "going to settl' at Sissibou"); Ebenezer Washburn, !> ; Adam Belcherie, (should read "Belcher,")!; *Jan)es Hutchinson, "2; ("going to Gulliver's Hole"); *Peter John, Junior, ("going to Sissibou"); *Edward Taylor, 4; Peter Dupee, 3; ("going to Digby ") ; *Bartholoii)ew Haines, G ; (" going to Long Island ") . likewise *Gilbert Theall, 1 ; Jonathan Crabb 2; *\Villiam Bailey, 2; *John R. Nicholls, 1 ; all "about settling in the Township of Digby." It may be remarked here, that beside all the aljove named, William Muir, 1 ; then in Granville, afterwards lived many years in Digby. James Wilmot, Jonathan Fowler, Ambrose Haight, John Bridgewater, and Robert Rollo soon removed to the shire town, and became enterprising citizens. Under date, "Annapolis Royal, September 16, 1784, John Robin.son, Esquire, wrote to Mojor-Gcneral Campbell, through Private Secretary Winslow : " Many of the Lo3'alists in this part of the Province are unsettle>uncil, with disloyal acts, and his Commission as Justice of the Peace cancelled June IG, 1785, as punishment for his share in the " recent disturbances at Digby." No evidence however, appears to justif}' or condemn this Order of Governor Parr and his Council. Tlie loyal Officials had the utmost difficulty in nrevent;ni>: an extensive outbreak amonfj the less intelligent ami dutiful citizens. Through wisdom of tho.se compreh3nding the situation, coupled with tim^jly arrival of the delayed supplie.3, comparative quiet was restored. Many, however, having no lands, leftj their adopted home, taking wealth, enter- prise, and extensive influence. Some of these returned to their native country ; others removed to Granville or to St. John, New Brunswicl.. A large number, more patient and persevering, remained, intending to have the trouble amicably adjusted. The following extracts from Journals of the Provincial Assembly relating to the " Lands Question," are given for general reference and information : — IN THE HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY, Halifax, Thursday, Aj)r{l 2, 17 9o. Mr. Milledge presented a petition signed by himself, Janics ;-^«:,.- V 78 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY Moody and Henry Rutherford, Esquires, members of tliis ?Touse, in behalf of themselves and other Grantees of the Township of Digby, County of Annapolis, which was read, setting' forth — That in 1765 a Tract ot Land in the County of Annapolis, containing- one hundred and twenty-five thousand acres, situate on Annapolis Basin, and called " Conway," was granted to Alexander McNutt and Associates ; that this Grant was never registered in the Office of Registrar of Grants in this Province ; that neither the said Alex. McNutt nor an}' of his Associates except Sebastian Zouberbuhler, neverma\ Bill to Quiet the Pcssossion of Lantl within the Township of Digby." " Agreed to." Satv/i'dai/, April Jfth, 170o. " Mr, MiliLEDOE, by leave given on Thursdi-.y last, fntroducetl a Bill to Quiet the Possession of Lands within the Township of Diffbv." Read first time and ordered to be read a second time on Monday next. Monday, April 0th, 1705. ihe " Bill to Quiet the Possession of Lands within the Town- ship of Digby" was read a .second time, and referred to a Committee of the whole House — Stephen Skinner, Esq., member for Shelburne County, in the Chair. After deliberation the Committee rose, and Chairman reported that they had decided to defer the subject till next So>?sion. - » Mr. Milledge then presented another Bill for .same purpose. Referred to Messrs. Lawrence Hartshorne, tnembcr for Halifax County ; Thomas Milledge, Annapolis County ; Alexander Howe, Granville Township ; Henry Rutherford, Digby Township ; and John G. Pyke, Halifax Township, as a Committee •' to examine into merits of the same, and report next Session." Tuesday, March Sth, 1796. The Select Special Committee appointed last Se.ssi'ui " to examine into the merits" of the Bill introduced on the sixth day of April, 1795, to "Quiet the Posses.sion of Lands within the Township of Digby," reported the same to the favorable con- .sideration of this House, and recommended that a Bill in compliance with the prayer of the Petition previously submitted, and the terms of the Bill before the present Committee, toj^jether with the exigencies of the case, be prepared forthwith for action by the House. Ordered, That the above Report be afjrn'd to ; and that tho Committee be continued, with Instructions to frame a Bill forth- with, consonant thereto. During .same daj', Mr. H-.rtshorne, Chairman of tho Committee, presented a Bill to " Quiet the Posso.ssion of Land.s -r. .* .'."f i ' - 80 GEOGUAIMIY AND HISTOUV within the Township of Dicrby." Rea3 therewith. Lieutenant-Colo nd Thomas Williams, of Annapolis, Roi-.ekt Dixon, Esquire, High Sheriff" of Annapolis County, and Dowe DiTMARS, Esq., J. P., Clements, were named such Commissioners. This Board failed to account for stewardship so conferred. Meanwhile the contentions increased with amazing rapidity. Many of the most hopeful were greatly alarmed, and the worst censequences were fully expected. Therefore, another Appeal wa.s laid before the Council October 16, 1798, "in behalf of the inhabitants of Digby, respecting Titles to land?" there. After reading and c(»nsideration, OoL Thouias Williatus, a former Com- ini.ssioner ; Stephen DeLanc.oy, Escjuire, Repre.sentative of Annapolis Township in the House of Assembly from 1785 to 1793 ; Robert Fitzrandolph, Esquire, Gentleman ; and Peleg Wiswell, Esquire, Barrister, were appointed a Board of Com- mi.ssioners to investigate claims of said inhabitants and others to lands there ; and also ojy/^rcv7, " That said Commissioners report the actual state of sett! 'monts in that Township, with names of the several persons by whom the several tracts are held and claimed, by what titles legal and equitable ; also, tnuching such other matters relative thereto as thev niav from time to time be ■^'l.- H-' .' ■ •n. * OF THE lOlNTY OF DUiHY 81 in.structi.'■;,[ y ":-:>w. •...■/■;;■ '•:::i''--:-;'^ 82 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY nioutii of Bear River. James R. Bryunt, Senior, wlit-rc Tlioiinis Francis lives ; Jacob Woodinun, Senior, bought tlie KnipschiM Property; Job Franswortli, of Granville, replace.l Eleazur Fair- child, who arrived shortly after Robinson's Enntneration, but soon died. Anthony Marshall, of Wilniot, bought CJeorge Wood's land in 1790, when latter removed to Canada. In like manner, many other arrivals, and almost enilless changes both of residences and ownership, marked the succeeding years, which neither time nor space will allow us to chronicle. In 1789, the Ship Marjj Ann, having on board a colony of Crolters, reached Digby from Scotland. Capta in Robert Turnbull ; Messrs. Donald Urquhart, Alexander Daley, Robert Guun, Walter Halliard, Samuel Mclntyre , Alexander Kerr, Charles ^larshall, Patrick Condon, Donald McLean, John Caldwell, James Middleton, John, Michael and Christoj)her Starke, (brothers,) composed her crew and passengers. Mr. Caldwell settled at Caldwell's Cove. These were valuable additions^o the County. Presbyterians in faith, loyal to the Crown, industrious and enterprising, their record is unblemished, as well as that of nearly all settlers. The follow- ing 13 first evidence of Capital crime committed in the County. It is copied from Death Register of Trinity Church, under date, July 17, 178G;— "Purdy,.a constable, killed by oiic ("Jacob,") " Ott with a musket ; a most plain, darir.g and wilful murder; most provoked and premeditated." AVt; will now turn to a some- what earlier period, and note imj)ortant happenings. A "Return of the boundaries of the County of Annapolis," dated December IG, 1785, as defined by a survey made by order of Governor and Council, is thus recorded. " Beginning at the Bridge on Seven Mile Brook on the Road leading through Wilmot to Annapolis ; thence to run North, ten Degrees West to the Bay of Fimdy, — and from said Bridge to run South Ten Degrees East to the Line of Lunenburg County ; ahd thence by a line drawn through that part of the Peninsula of Nova Scotia, South twenty- five Degrees West to the North-Eastern angle of the Township of Yarmouth, — being the Division Line between the Counties of Shelburne and Annapcdis, Queen's County and Anna})olis, — and King's County and the County of Lunenburg; thence the course of the northern I-ine of said Township to the Ocean ; and thence to rim Westerly to Cape St. Mary's ; and thence around the several courses of St. Mnry's Bay into Petite Passage, and tiirougli that Passage to the Bay of Fundy ; and by saitl Bay to the north OF THE COUNTY OF DIOHV. 83 W' end of tlic first course above montioned ; — and to inrludr tlie Islands that ff ^•••■.Nv-.v • r ■•%:•;. -'. ,'»-.?A'.V'!-'"^ . '^ #v ' ■ • • > ■ 84 OEOGRArilV AND IIISTOUV Pierre Doucet \vl»o lived on Doncet's Point, P)ellive!vux Cove, was father of Colonel Etienno, (Sainuol) Doucet, first Acadien connuissioned n Justice of the IVaee for' Annai)t)lis County, He built the ]>reinier vessel tliore, vhich wa:3 constructed by hi? race in the County, It was conse([uently the earliest rt^nred in that Township. He was a sea captain and commanded her in person. A Saw Mill had been erected by several Acadiens named Comeau on Little IJrook which manufactured ([uantities of lumber, Capt. Doucet purchased this commodity at fi^e dollars per thousand, conveyed it in his vessel to the West Indies, where he sold it at forty and fifty dollar for same quantity, and bought West Indies niercluuulizc and other goods, which he sold in his store just built, which was the only Mercantile Establishment in Clare, ^Vhile returning from one of the voyages, the wind suddenly changed when off liriar Island, blew heavily in s([ualls, which drove her off the course, and occasioned loss of ship, crew and cargo in year 1792, Captain Doncet's watch was afterwards found near the shore, having proliably fallen overboard while he was on deck, before the wind changed. Hence, the vessel was then very close to land. No other relic of this sad calamity was found. - Mills for numnfacture of lumber were also erected in 1790 by Colonel Moody and ('<(j)tahi John Cosman on Cosman's Creek, south of St, Peter's Church, Weymouth. ^lany fine residences and other frame buildings were sup[)lanting tlie log structures hurriedly thrown together by pioneers in various settlements. Encroachments were rapidly nuide on forests throughout shore districts. Cattle and sheep were inqjorted. Horses were intro- duced ; seeds of all kinds yielded jJentifully. In fine, had the lands been pro})erly allotted, peace, contentment, and prosperity would have prevailed. After first portion of tl»is Chapter went to press, while searching fur a later Grant, the Ap|)ellatioji " Edward Dawkins and CO others" was discovered. Knowing this man lived iji Digby, the Piitent was examined. As it proves to be identical with the Grant to "John Stump and sixty others." mentioninl on page 68, the substance is here transcril>ed. It convtjycd to John Stump, Lot Number 1, Block Letter A, Town Plot of Dighy ;~ to William Degau. Lot Number 11; Neil .McNeil, Lot 12; Francis James, Lot 13 ; Thomas Irvin, Lot 14 ; Patrick Haggerty, Lot 17 ; Colonel Joseph Bart .ii, Lots IS, 19, anrj 20, Block B ;— to Francis James, Lot stvled " Letter B," boundeil on south-east ■ i m\.i i4 IV '..IWi , J:; m irr OF THE COUSTV OF DIGBV 85 angle by West Strt'ot ; west by Birch Pliice ; north by I*riiico WilliHiu Stroi't ; — to John Hill, Lots 1 ami 2, LettiT O ; — Isnac Bonnett, Lot 1 ; John Hou«»enian, Lot 2, Letter C ; — Juines K«'i«l. Lot 1; Isaac Titus, Lot 20, Letter P ; — Ansos Botsfonl, Lots 1 and 2 ; John Warwick, Lot L' ; Samuel I)otial(is(»n, Lot .'JO, Letter P; — Robert Dickson, Lot 0; William Fitz^'erald, Lcjt 10; Robert Ray, Lot 11 ; Ann Thurston, Lot 12; Abraham Bazeley, Loi, 13; John Burket, Lot 14; William Fit/.gcrahl, Lot 15; Jonathan Fowler, Lot 10; Aml»rose Maight, I^ot 17; Th')mas Hufjgeford, Lot IS, Block V ; — Flenry Botner, Lot 1 ; Thomas Watt, Lot 8 ; Emmanuel Rhinedoilur, (probably sanie person renJered "Randollar" elsewhere) — Lot 4; Francis Conihane, Lots G and 7; Richard Williams, Lot 8; Stephen Freeman, Lot 0; Thomas Davenport, Lot II; Samuel Donaldson, Lot 12; William Mussels, Lot 13; Francis Conihane, Lot 23; Robert Ray, Lot 2{), Block W ; — William Robertson, Lot 1 ; Isaac Roup. Lot 2 ; John Peter Rowe, Lot 3 ; Abrahanj Florentine, Lot 4 ; Anna Florentine, Lot 5 ; Captain (John ?) Wilson, Lot G ; Thomas Buskirk, Lot 7 ; Andrew Bearman, Lot 8 ; Thomas Holdsworth, Lot 9; Gershom Hilliard, Lot 10; Joseph Budd, Lot 11 ; James Triender, Lots 12 and 13; Andrew Bearman, Lot lo, Block X; — Archibald Hamilton, Lot 1 ; James A. Holdsworth, Lot 2 ; Ebenezer Street, Lots 3 and 4 ; James Baisley, Lot 5 : Henry Ruthei ford. Lots 6 and 7 ; Andrew Snody;rass, Lots 8 and 9; Peter Totten, Lot 10 ; Anthony G. Kysh, Lot 18 ; James C. Smith, Lot 19 ; John Stritch, Lot 24; j'ohn St».wart, 2.), Block Letter Y, with all and all manner of mines unopened, exceptini^ those of Gold, Silver, Lead, Copper and Coals. The Quit Rent was one farthing per acre yearly, the first payment to be made at the expiration of two years from November 9, 1784, when it wa.s i.ssued. In default of such payments, the titles would become void. A Tract in Clare was conveyed to John Morrison, Junior, September 29, 1772, also just found, bounded as follows: — " Beffinnins: eijjhtv rods westw>,rd of the western side of the mouth of the River Meteghan and St. Mary's Bay ; thence to run southward two hundred and thirteen chains on reserved lands for Magdalene Chevry ; thence south west seventy-five chains ; thence north west two hundred and thirteen chains to the sea coast of St. Mary's Bay ; thence to be bounded by the sea coast of said B.iy north eastwardly to the bound first mentionctJ — containing one thousand tive hundred acres by estimation." /,»' f ^ .<'• "ir.'. t'- t: ■. -.■'.' ': ■ .' / : .<- ■ ' • m GEOGRAPHY AND HISTOKV P /*;'! Wf'^'*\,^o ^^ Metoglmn Village an.l vicinity. Th'. other Patent o John Mornson. Lnnrl Surveyor, of one thousand ucWs mXth :f%"r'-^'^-- P-"t f. ;-/! thai; forn.ed the little b yo' mouth of Salmon River, which is about a mile and a half in a nght hne to the northward of the northern boundary of the I Tk .? of Yarmouth ; thence to run northward sixty^.lelre'i east by the Magnet one hundred and fortv chains; thence s^ou I thirty Degrees east, eighty chains ; thence 'south six De're^wes one hundred and twenty chains, or until it meets the ^e'^lore thence to be bounded by the several courses of the sea shore' "rus?30 mV'"' Roh"' ""rf '"' '-"ti-KHl." It was rec^i-ded v^ugust dO. 1783. Both tracts were probably .liawn bv same ^^^^^^^'foM..n.^r.i., however, were planted on either by I e owner. The Acadiens afterwards colonized both locations. ^ nf J!^»"^« Wilmot received fourteen hundred acres in Township of Digby. November 5. J784. William and Jeseph Winnie of Annapolis, six thousand, seven hundred and fortv-three acres hi W?IiL!s Wn7 '' W^," W'^"'-^^' Ismc Williams Hn; Williams VVilliam Williams. John Warren. John Walk Henrv Wright. John Williams, Senior. John Williams. Junio colored persons, were granted the Brinley Town Plot cnmpris n'^ sev :^f v HnY^v:'a're^''• h'h'' ^^?»^^'f ^i^''>y ^^^^^^Z& and hve acres ; and the Glebe, six hundred and five acres with Junuarr21 17Q7"'' T^T' "^'^ PTT^ ^^' ^"^^ ^'•°-"^-' Secri.tl y Junuaiy 21. 1/97. Latter inclu.led four hundred and two acres. * I 1 I i 4 i i i 1 5 t '-1 T OF THE COINTY OV DlGItY. 87 CHAPTKU VIII. mk m tit h < Public Worship— Earmkst Clehoymkx— Chitrches EnE(TED. One of the most conspicuous clumictcnstics of the pionci'is was ardent (Un'otion to chosen reli■■. / 88 OEOOUAIMIY AND HISTORY r .' .-. 'T^f.^■!•■^ v> .■!.•• • -: •^-Jr'.V,.-, ^ ■ rvv: •>*•■ . , ••- 1 1 - ' A ., , * J r-:M-'■'; '•'/•■'v'i" "•'" *-'' '. >•■ -» i-;v P^re Charles Fmncois Huilly r, he minis- toroy West Street ; west by Birch Place Prince Williiun Street. 89 north I y September 29, 1785, the first Vestry Meeting was ht^M ; when the following Officers were elected: — Church-Wardeiia : James Wilmot, Colonel Isaac Hatfield. Vestrymen : John Roome, John B. Moore, Ebenezer Street, Thomas Bayeux, Jonatlian Fowler, Joan Burkett, Thomas Davenport, Richard Hill,I*atrick Haggerty, Christian Tobias, M. D., Joseph Marvin, M. 1>. James Wilmot was appointed Vestry Clerk at a meeting held 3rd of October following. The Wardens wero instructed to memorialize the Provincial Governor to establish limits of a Parish to be called " Trinity Parish," in remembrance of the old scenes in >*ew York. Accordingly, His Excellency approved following boundaries March 3rd, 1786 : — " Beginning at the beginning corner of Digby Township, and running along the Division Line between Clements and Digby Townships two miles ; to be bounded westwardly by St. Mary's Bay ; from thence around the Head of said Bay towards Petite Passage as far as a north course across the Peninsula — to include the settlement at Gulliver's Hole on the Bay of Fundy — froai thence along said Bay of Fundy to Gut of Annapolis ; thence up said Gut and Bay to the place of beginning. The people of Digby having applied to the Venerable Society in England for the Propagation of the Gospel for a Missionary, Rev. Roger Viets, Senior, Assistant to Mr. Gibbs at Simsbury and Hartland, Connecticut, was yent to lead them in the ways of their revered Denomination Reaching his destination in 1786, the previously anticipated erection of a Church for Divine Worship, was vigorously pushed. Under authority of Governor Parr's Mandate, he was inducted Rector, August 28th, 1786, by Mr. James Wilmot. July 13th, 1787, the Parishioners having already raised £176 towards erecting the Church prepared a Memorial to Admiral Digby. given in Appendix, soliciting aid, which realized £100, "bebides a fine bell. Lawrence Hortwicke, Jesse Keene and James Irvine were the carpenters employed ; work was vigorously pushed ; and the structure, which was extremely creditable, soon completed. It was 30.^40 feet on the inside. Majcn' Milledgy then M.P.P. for Digby, was cordially thanked by the Vestry for procuring £300 from the Provincial Fund for building and repairing Establi-shed Churches. •I ■,'«.'.->>.-~^v 90 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY _.■>;• -.•■.■■■. f.-. :;••■■ '7^ 'v: • '.t ■- '» # - . ti, -.. N uvAV .- ■1 •>■■>_;»• J. '; . J. ;-v;>. ^ I ■■ •ff.-^.-* V.;. '•i'-';»,^*i* ■■.• His Lordship" Bishop Inglis, in coinpliance with urgent solicitations of the people, consecnitecl the building and surround- ing Cemetery, July 31st, 1788. V Meanwhile. Reverend Willinni Black, the earliest Wesleyan Missionary in this Province, acc(»inpanied hy Rev. ITreeborn Garretson, an American, preached in Digby and its suburbs, organizing a Society at Brinley Town, July 10, 178G, with seventy-eight members — sixty -si.^ of whom were colored persons. Rev. Joseph Dimock, while nn route for Yarmouth, held a preaching service at Weymouth in 1791. Probably this was the advent of Baptist Missions in the County. GoLoiiel James Moody and Jane his wife, conveyed to the Inhabitants of Weymouth, June 15th, 1790, the ground now occupied by St. Peter's Church of England and Cemetery at Weymouth. Rev. Enoch Towner, one of the Botsford Grantees, who had irecently become a member of the New Light or Baptist Church at Lower Granville while lesiding there, began a very successful mission in the Ancient Township of Digby during 1797. There was not a single adherent of the sect among its inhabitants. It is, however, claimed that Mrs. Daiiiel O'Dell of Smiti\'s Cove in Clements, was connected with a Baptist Church in her native land — probably the only communicant among Loyalists in this County. Mr. Towner was the first of his sect who made any noticeabU; impression on the people. Far advanced in life, yet unordained, he journeyed from one settlement to another, labouring chiefly among Episcopalians, his former fellow-worshippers, adherents rapidly multiplied. After two years had passed, those espousing his views, longed for Church organization. A meeting of Clergy- men in Nova Scotia and New^ Brunswick being held in the Baptist Church, Stony Beach, Granville, Saturday, June 22, 1799, to deliberate touching formation of an Association for the two Provinces, Messrs. Benjamin Sabean, David Shook, Willoughby Sabean, of Weymouth ; Peter Harris, Morris Peters, Martin Blackford, of Sandy Cove ; and John Roop, of Grand Joggin, as Delegates despatched by the adherents of Towner repaired thither for information and aid in the matter. Elders Edward Manning, Theodore S. Harding, Joseph Dimock, James Manning, Thomas Handley Chipmau, and John Burton, represented Nova Scotia Churches ; while New Biiinswick Baptists sent Elijah ->■ If'' ■ 1 I < i OF THE COUXTV OF DIORV. 01 Estabrooks. The seven Representatives from Di;,'l»y were ;i- dents of the County till tlio more commodious Academy north of the Court ] louse was co!istrueted. Another, very primitiN'e in style, about twenty feet square, was erected at Westport in 1780 where Crocker's Barber Siiop stands. After leaving the town, Mr. Barbancks taught successively at Cfulliver'.s Cove, in house of William iMcDormand, Waterford ; in that of Jacob Cornwell, Senior ; at Sandy Cove, in dwelling of Morris I'eters ; Little River, in house of Francis Karris ; Tiverton, wheve Hubert Outhouse resided, adjoining Petite I'assage on south side of of Long Lsland ; — in unoccupied house built by Balsor Lsraol near North East Cove, Freeport ; in residence of Andrew Coggins, Brier Lsland ; at Marshalltowu in hou^e of Jesse Keen; Grand Joggin, in James Craige's dwelling; and at Smith's Cove, where Thomas Watt resided. While these are the only localiti33 given to the author, possibly he also tinght elsewhere. In soma cases the entire neighborhood participated ; while but one or two families comprised the school in several hamlets. No other teachers appeared on the scene in those early years. A numbar oT thi more wealthy attended Foreman's Superior School in Digby, with marked benefit to themselves, keeping alive the desire to bjcome learned and useful. Unsupplied with suitable buildings or appar- atus, the youth toiled daily amidst great discouragviuients, to obtain the much coveted boon. Having striven so desperately to overc >me the hurcelean difticulties, every item was carefully stored in the mind. Arithmetic was frequently written out at length, and preserved' as a fond relic of the past. Both the pioneer teachers were splendid scholars for their period. A manuscript Arithmetic written by Maria McDormand, containing the autograph, " William Barbancks," written in bold style, an exact imitation of lithography, and beautifully ornamented, was shown to the author. His immediate successor left aqually unvarying samples of penmanship in the Vestry and Township Ilecords at Digby. Educational facilities were almost unknown to the citizen-: of Clare in last century. Sorely crippled by their heavy losses at the dispersion, they were scarcely aide to maintain such institutions. Their children, as a rule, were consequently igtu>rant of letters. When Abbe Sigogne arrived in 1799, he inaugurated a limited dytitem of education. A school for teaching the Catholic Catechini and usual elementary branches was opened by this Priest in the Chajjcl on Lot 33 at Grosses Co({ues, b^ing attended by those living ■■pm- \.v-'Xf:.:<'-- ."■^ i<.-''..J ':. ■';<■'-. -.'J" s. .if-'f^J !•'. .■ ■ •.«.• ■■'• ^,' «. ■ ■ficm^ [,,,*/• .V ,v..-.. ■if .••'.. •» ■••t'.:>, .V-. ^ » • ..,«.■ • V >■■'.• '' ■^iv..;.'- ,'•: 94 ( geo(;haphy and histouv east of Metegiiau Kiver. This was the only availabk- placi" ; and, l)eing uithout desks, was unfitted for that work, I'.esidi's, the distance fumi Saidniervillc prevented younger jtupils fruni atteutl- ing. Added to tliese disadvantages were the comparative indiflerenee of many youth, just reaching maturity, who failed to nppreciate the blessings for first time within reach. To accommodate the gouthern portions, similar schools were opened in dwellings of Prudent and Armand Rohicluiud, south of Aleteghan Jliver. As these weretaugh hy the zealous A1)1k', amidst his nu\ny other duties, including periodical visits to Acadiens at Eel Brook and Pubnico, l)ut little progress could be made. In the English district, education was well sustained, though the death of Barbancks and return of Foreman to England, deprived the County of those benefactors, Mr, William Muir soon left Granville for Digby, and assumed direction of the High School. He lived on west side King Street, on Lot 29, Block F, south of Warwick Street, Marcus Brundage, of Smith's Cove, taught there and elsewhere several years. The citizens of Sandy Oove built a school house before 1800 at junction of Post Road iind the highway leading to Bay of Fundy, on land of Harvaril JEldridge. An Englishman named William CJay was earliest teacher placed in charge, It Little liiver a building was erected in 1805 north of the present Bridge. Mr. Gay also kept a school in this house. John Thurber, a son of liorden Thurber by his last inarriage, supervised the Schools on Long and lirier Islands during iirst three months of 1810 and 1811, also one or two similar periods of succeeding years. A Mr. Phipps and Mrs. Aiuia Towner, wife of llev. Enoch Towner, kept in the building on Lot 17, mouth of the Sissibou, on which Benjamin Sabean resided many years. Though no sections were defined, ro aid from Government encouraged such enterprises, parents cheerfully employed teachers at seven shillings and six pence sterling per scholar quarterly, besides boarding him their respective proportions of the term. The only subs'dv was a small allowance to the teacher of Superior and other schools under Episcopal supei vision, ■which pittance, varying in amount according to recent income of the School lands and other exigencies, added to the tuition fees, ■was scarcely suflicient to cover necessary current outlay, without any margin to defray cost of education or meeting expenses of acquiring further knowledge. The Society for Propagation of the CiO'pel, in cotupliance with an application, sent Mr. Pobert Dalton to % I ' ; ■! . ! '* ^ \. -i In ■ 1 f ! f .; i,_ 1 ^ii ■V ■ '''^- ^S 41: "' ^B W 1 " Pill : I ■; !\ilt . II OF THE <'OUNTV OF DIGHV. 05 Digby ill 1811, who became successor of Mr. iSfuir. In iSlO, a* building was completed just east of Smith's Creek, nearly on site of A. H. Wier's dwelling. About this time, a teacher named Casey succeeded Brundage in Hillsburgh, and also traversed r)ighy Town- ship, pursuing his accustomed calling in every rural neigh borhooil. Weymouth, ever enterprising and progressive, erected a comodious School Building as earl v as 1820 on Hatch's Hill, south of Nicholl's Wooden Factory. Another Avas reared on south side of Valley Shore Road, Grand Joggin, which leads from Acacia Valley ]Mills eastward to Smith's Cove. It stood near east line of the Sypher Lot. A third was erected just east of Cemetery around St. Peter's Church, Weymouth, adjoining Cemetry. While people of Lower Rossway and Waterford furnished one on land now owned by John Hatfield in latter hamlet. The building at Weymouth Point, described in last Chapter, was used for school pui-poses as well as for religious meetings. One was erected in 1835 on corner of Post Road and Ledge Street, Freeport. William Dickie taught there during ensuing twelve months. Schools at Plympton were taught about that time in house of Olivier Comeau, now owned by his son John. Primary Schools were sometimes kept in unoccupied dwellings at Digby and other jiopulous localities. Jonathan Randall, Messrs. Cochran, Shean, CJeorge Beattie, Moffatt, John Miles, Wm. Lowe, John Israel, William Nicholl, Senior, Jabez Snow, Senior, a man named Derrick, James Anderton and a Mr. Miller, presided over schools in various districts of Hillsburgh and Digby Townships between 1812 and 1840. William Loudett, Senior, taught the Superior School in Digby many years after Mr. Daltons tenure expired. John Whetmore was Master in 1828 and, subsequent years at Beaver River. This school was in a building which stood in Yarmouth Township. Hugh Mclver also taught there. A school house was built at Tiverton about eight rods easterly from the Christian Church, about year 1840. After repeated attempts to have boundaries established for educational work, in July, 1826, nineteen " School Districts " were established in Digby Township, having same limits as Districts for Highway Labour, — one of being Brier Island ; two were on Long Island ; and the remainining sixteen on the mainland. The eight Road Districts in Clare were at same time constituted so many Districts for School organization. ■J In 1829, the residents of Dicjbv Ridoe united to build a house fifteen feet square, in south western corner of George W. Snyder's ;»"'> : '-'k. ''\^,' >'-'■ [V f. 4 96 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY siac o higlnvaj, a short distance cast of Srcihfs Oiwk • -it nZiMn,'"! T' "'--C'-'- T. \Van,e,-,'^t,„„ is'' W te< and at Maishalltown, noaily opposite tlie I'oor Farm. The earliest hiy teacher of Freneli pareiita-e was Jf Br,,,,,.!!,. l'ienr:„d Mr,el' »'"',?"■-■•>• •''--"■O- tS k"r:vJn» ' T" liene and ir,q,ielon. He came to Clare previ,,,,., to I8-'-, ,ind Tf" Anld^TM^M'"- , "f "■" ''''■ "- 1"'-'' '»"de la r.;MeZ! ,i«neH„!^ f ?'"'",'"= '™" '"gent entreaties were generally signed and presented to the proper authorities, yet the Government ZTKrTlrf ""^ ^"""P"''^ AcadeinV sufficient foThX f^r ^ A lnu^\^1i """" "^ ^fF'' ^'""■"•^ g""""""^'' there! irom A nun bei of tlie more wealtliy found their wav to l,i.rl,e,. Academies and even Colleges of Xova Seotia, New B nmsw c^ and Thlen p'„t,ir?efl";- "^'-^.^--^ effl-„t and s^rfu'r cnosen pursuits, reflecting credit on their ancestors and tutor, • while they achieved for themselves just distin t°oi -! he ee ta u' recompense of wisely develoijol talents. fi r « V 1 i 'TfR OF THt: <;<)UXTY OF DKSIJY, 07 , CHAPTEU X. Clark foumeu a TowNsnir — Hii.lshiuoh Ixcludkd wrni Clem.':nts — Nkw Setti.k.mkxts. The boundaries between Townships of Clave and Digby Mere never lecorded in respect to the former. However, tlie Townshii» Line Road, so-called, extending eastwardly from Post Road near St. Bernard Chapel to highway commencing at Sissil)ou River and running southwardly through New Tusket, Corberie and Forest Glen to Carleton, Yarmouth County, formed southern limits of Digby Towship Grant. But the Basterasque or Basterache Grant, which is northern Patent issued in Clare, commences four hundred yards west of that Line. By general consent, the first named point divides Weymouth from Clare. To illustrate this position, the following Ext{'act from Records of the General Sessions of the Peace for County of Annapolis is here given ; which is evidence of the earliest attendance at Annapolis of the French Acadian settlers in Clare to perform their public business, previous to establishment of a separate Sessions for Western District of the County : — " A list of Town of Officers of Township of Clare in the County of Annapolis, nominated by the Grand Jury and ai)pointed by the Sessions to serve till April, 1793." Charles Doucet, ^ Charles Le Blanc, Jr., {.Asuessors. Peter Robicheau. \ Aimable Doucet, Town Clerk. Paul Dugas, Jr., \ fj^n^^^^^.^ Stephen Thibaudeau. ) Charles Theriault ^ Denis Doucet, KOverseers of the Poor. Jacques Belli veau. j Joseph Boudreau, Constable. John Taylor, ) « t n- v Joseph Douk. }^«''^''2/«'-««/ JJ^Uh-Mys. ■• ,»"». •■ K ;* ■ ^ -•^' ■• • 'V ■,' ■'■■ '' ^>i''v"j'V''i 98 OEOORAPHY AND HISTORY " With an DrdtT to the Assessors to assess in tliu Townshii) of Chire the sum of £11. ^)s. 4j)., being their proportion snni of £125. s. p. for the whole County." "Annapolis, 6th April, 1892." "J. WlNXlftXT, Ch'vl: In this connection, it viill be observed that while the Yarmouth line near IJeaver IJiver is universally deemed the southern limit of Clare, no boundary at that end of the Township is legally established. In like manner, no eastern division exists between Clare and a Township to be called " Wentworth," which was projected, to include Valley of Tusket Hiver in Digby County. Nevertheless, the entire district south of the Township Line between Weymouth and Clare which continues eastwardly from New Tusket Road already named, to Riverdale Corner, south ea&tern limit of Weymouth, is attached to Clare Township by common consent and usage. As already noticed, Hillsburgh formed a part of Clements Township from issue of Grant, February 20th, 1784, to George Sutherland and four hundred and eishtv-two others. All business pertaining to Hillsburgh in the Court of General Sessions and in Town Meetings i)revious to erection of Digby County, appeared under designation of Clements. Mention is made in passing, of a Registry of Births, ^lairiages and Doafchs for Clements, kept many years by the Townsliip Cle"k, in common with Annapolis, Wilmot and Granvillej under orders by the General Sessions. Unfortun- ately, all efforts made by Municipal Council of Annapolis County, to get possession of this valuable public property, failed. It is understood fire in Clerk'-^ Office destroyed this carefully compiled relic of bygone years. Therefore, no data from those precious pages can be given. In the line of Xew Settlements, Salmon River first claims attention. M. Felix Deveault, Senior, with his brother Jacques, left in 1787, the Hermitage which had been their home since 1755, effected a clearing adjoining St. Mary's Bay near eastern bank of the River on lots of the Morrison Grant. Soon afterwards, Aiigustine Guiddery removed from Gilbert's Cove to Cheticamj*, becoming its founder. He settled on lot seventy-one. Cheticamp lands were surveyed by John Harris, Esquire. They are occupied by descendants of xVcadiens who fled to the forests when their race was expelled under superintendance of Major John Handfield ■ 1 .1 1 i f ■i I; . ■ ; ■ kf )■'■" 1 .1 f •'i •* I' lh r^% OV THE CdlJNTY OV IHOHV. 99 ;at Annapulis, Lirnfrimnf.Cohnicl John Wiiislow at (Iiimd Trr 'Cnptoin A. Munay at risitinul, (Windsor,) Cnfittwl Itola-it Monektoii at licausejour, Tantmniar, (Suekvilh!,) now in Now IJrunswick, unil Fort Lawn-no*', all n<;ar head of IJay of Fnndy. Aniony; those who located at Salmon Itivtir and 'Muiticuinp were Cyprien Martin, Senioi, Doniiniqne Doucet, Charles Leillanc, Janvier jVfaillet and Anselni Fronton. The first nainetl settled at .Salmon liiver; the second on Cape St. ^fary's Chetieamp ; the third in same region; the fourtli at (.'heticami* ; while the fifth located at Cape Cove, not far distant. M. Martin told the late • Josiah Porter, a pioneer of Ihookville in Dighy County, that the yield of eight hills of potatoes raised in the vicinity of his home, filled a bushel measure. Meanwhile, the Acadiens settled on older tracts in Clare had spread themselves ah»ng the shor^' of St, Mary's Bay. Prudent Robichand and his son Armand had founded Meteghan Village in 1785. They first lived o?i west side of Meteghan River near its mouth. Armand afterwards removed several miles west, living on a lot south side of highway, which is owned by Olivier Trahan. Rene Saulnier in Meteghan Cove ; Salomon Maillet, Poncy Gaudet and Justinieu Comeau west of Meteghan River, all shortly after arrival of the premier colonists there in 1785. Colonel David Fanning had removed from Long Reach, King's County, New Brunswick, to vicinity of l>igby; Reuben Tucker, Esquire, on farm of W. W. Payson, Acacia Valley ; Peter McMullen on the Sypher Lot, not far distant. Mr. Lemuel Bartlett in 1799 founded the s«^ction called Brookville, locating on farm of Mr. George K. Goldfinch, known as Bartlett's Grant, in vicinity of New Inlet often called Bartlett's River, an arm of St. Mary's Bay. He was joined in 1814, and following year by ^Ir. Jonathan Raymond, who was followed by William Perry and David Corning, Senior. Soon thereafter, Josiah Porter and others settled just east of the County Line. John Clark, who built Mills on site of the Beveridge Mill, Joel Hall, David Corning, Junior, John Kelly and William Sweeney were also early residents at Brookville* These people united in su[)porting Christian and secular movements, June 10th, 1799, Hiram Betts, a loyalists who had resided ia St John, New Brunswick, purchased of Capiain James Craige, the farm now occupied by Abraham Nichols, Esquire, at Hill Grove, and immediately erected a small dwelling on eastern side '.•.":*<; .r^h'f- '''^•% ' ■- i-j*- ••..^■y (^ r J. ' . ■• V ' ; '.^v. ' ■..yW; ■♦■-- •; V'«f' •■•"■i% ' ''•v: ■., >.u ■>:f^ 'm ~-r:t >_ \'X ^<^: .... • -C**' " ■.■■^^ i 100 OEOORAPHV AND HISTORY of CrosH liOiul loatliny to Mar.slialUoNvn. Amid tlu* diMisi' wilder- nes.s, he founded the settlement lonj^ known as I>i^'l>y llidge. Some years later, Sannud Warne bought the lot next westwardly, ami removed thither from Lot four, SheUuirne Uoad. Four genera- tions of his deseemlants including present owner, Huhert T. Warne, have suceeasi veiy jiossessed this homestead. Messrs. Charles Tucker, Senior, on farm of Tlohert Reed, Esquire ; Stephen Bacon, Senior, on that of Kdward M. Uacon, soutJi-west of hitter's resilience ; William liell, of Yarmouth, in 1814, on land of James M. Itoop ; Robert Wilson in 181") on part of Stearns (Irant, no.v owned by George AT. Wright ; i.nd David Tucker and Eliab lUdl, Senior, on Herbert Bacon's land, were early resiy Mr. Thonuis. About nine years later John Van Buskirk became resident owner of western lot in Coleman's Grant. James and John G. Nichols also resided on farms of Albert Trefry and Jovite Comeau, some distance west on Barton Grant. "As already noted, a large immigration commenced about lieginning of present century, from Townshi[)S of Annapolis and Wilmot, which continued at intervals over twenty years, supple- menting the numerous population by an enterprising colony, descended chiefly from the New England farmers. The first of these was Mr. John Chute, who reached east side of the head of Grand Joggin, Ajtril 15, 1801, and residtul nearly opposite present residence of Abraham L. Gavel, Es(iuire, east side of Cross lload between old and new Highway passing through Smith's Cove. In 1805, Captain Isaac Winchester, with his brother Spencer — Christopher Harris, a son of Samuel Harris earliest resident between head of Grand Joggin and Smith's Creek — Captain. Henry Harris, Samuel Pickup, Lewis G. Cossett, Senior, and Henry fain Harris on hind occupied by Henry Cosby ; Samuel Pickup on the ShcrilV llr>op farm ; Lewii* G. Cossett on farm of Jonas W. Ki«T, bci \ve»!n bin house and James E. Cossett's line ; Henry Croiise on farm of Charles E, Cosseboom. In pas.sinj,', we will say that Daniel McGre«,'or afterwards a liaptist Clergyman, had lived on latter tract just south of New l*ost Iload. This may huvr bien tho residence of Dr. Abraham Fh>rentine between 17S1 uiid 17JJ0. Information on latter poin'; is conflicting. Mrssrs. Martin Kerger, Jacob Plumb, Patrick Kyan, Joseph Crot-kiM-, Samuel Ring, a Mr, Xickerson, a Mr. Powell and others, became residents of Freeport and neighbourhood. James IJ. Carty and .Fohn Merritt removed from either Annapolis, Granville or Wilmot to Sandy Cove or vicinity in 1810. Mr. John Hunt, Senior, came to Hillsburgh early in this century, and resided on farm owned by William Muni,, Isaac Marshall, a son of Anthony Marshall, transferred his n\sidence from Marshallto^\ n to the farm north of that occu[)ied by Spencer Winchester. Benjamin Ellison succeeded Ctipta'in (!ra,i<'(; at Acacia Valley. No further traces of latter gentleman or his descendants can be found. Before Solomon ^faillet generally spelled "Mallett" by English writers, settled in Clare, he lived on the Pinkney farms in West Clements, and established the Ferry between that place and Smith's Cove. The place of criwsiii" was known as " Halibut Eddy." Fare for crossing, six jience, sterling'. The stage route had been changed to shore Road through (Memcnts- port and West Clements. ^linutes of Council dattjd ( )i',tobter 25, 1775, contains an Order that all Couriers to carry dispatches, be selected from French Acadiens, to be paid at the rate of five shillings sterling per diem. Previous to 1810,, the mails between Digby and Yarmouth were entrusted to any Acadian who happened to be travelling from either point to the other. This exenqdifies their unflinching honesty, even with a foreign power. One Pine of Clements succeeded Maillett as Ferryman. The; next was Captain Isaac Winchester. His son Charles became his successor many years afterwards. George Morrell was first Ferryman across Grand Passage; Martin Blackford over I'titite. One 102 GE0(;UAI'1IV AN 1)^11 ISTOHY ■'v;4- •;.^'; •'• ■S.'si.'.'' V "t^ . 'i rlirU'--'':'' ^v. , .~. .. , •iYiV.-':-' '- sliillin;^ Htoiliiij^ was iimxiiiiuiit fw allowinl hy the (icihtuI St-ssiou^ to bo clmrgL'(l each passenj,a'r for crosoinj,'. In 1808, Messrs. JoHOph Ifariis, Tljoinas I!ioo, I'icluinl Clarke, Senior, rraiicis Miller, K(hvur»l Morgan, Silas Kice, Davit! Wliitiuan ami .lolm Rice, became jiioneer resi«lents on west side of Uear Uiver. The first domiciled on laojierty belonging to George A. I'urdy, Ksc^nire ; the second on far.n of David Iliee ; tlie third of Kdward Clarke; the fourth on William Miller's land ; the fifth where Th«»inas Morgan, Senior, lived; the nixth where Aaron IJieo since resided; the seventh on Freeman McI)orniand's property ; and the eighth on farm occupied by D. li. Chisholm. A C(doured man named Cutl" lived about this time on the Alden Harris farm. Lirutrtin i f GQorge Itobinson resided on the tract since owned by Henry Blakeslce, Esquire. In ISlf*, Aaron Hardy, 3rd, removed from Granville to liear River, and during spring of 181(5 purchased from George Harris of Annapolis, the farm owned by heirs of late James D. Nieholl, and immediately located thereon. Lansdowne was also founded in 1808 by James Harris, Es(juire, who resided on land lately owned by William H. Harris on north side of highway, but now in possession of Milledge Armstrong. The next residence was built by Mr. George Welsh, Senior, son of Maurice Welsh, from Grand Joggin, whore the dwelling owned by Uriah Smith is located. Alexander Turnbull, Solomon Bowlby and others, followed in after years. They were very enterprising. Mills were erected by Thos. IJice near the Forks or junction of East and West Branches. A canal was cut through granite rocks ft long distance to obtain suflicient water power. The fine timber abounding on every hillside, was converted into first class lumber of various kinds. Fine crops of wheat and other grains were gix)und, producing splendid flour and oat meal. Attracted by this 'Enterprise additional capitalists hastened thither. Shipping of various dinten§ions were constructed to carry these products into foreign climes ; the little hamlet soon became a flourishing and wealthy village. The mills were replaced by larger structures, furnished with extensive machinery of improved patterns. Com- pound interest repaid the investments, and prosperity shone with unvarying splendour. This is, in fact, applicable to every section blessed with similar facilities and having sufficient enterprise. Grand Joggin, Weymouth, Digby Xeck and Clare in earlier times, with New Tusket and other districts more recently, received like benefits, in proportion to distance from market. ' I ■ k in f\ '; OF THE COUNTY OF DIGHY. 103 Mr. George Harris was also an early resident on west side of Bear River. He came hither from vicinity of Annapolis, and settled on 01(' Post Road leatling through Lansdownc to Acacia Valley and Dighy. He previously sold Nicholl lot to Aaron Hardy, the primary resident o.i eastern district of Sissihou Road. Samuel Edison, Senior, an / 104 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY ,■ / CHAPTER XI. Commercial Progress— Fisheries— Religious Changes. The reader has already caught a i|;Hinp.se of the comiaercial activity displayed hy early inhabitants. Shipbuilding was continued at Digby, Sissibou, Clare and elsewhere. The unrivalled materials found in Digby's forests, coupled with its proximity to St. John, New Brunswick, the similarity in class and numerous relationships between residents of those centres, led to constant commercial and social intercourse. Many fine craft of huge dimensions were built in Digby for St. John merchant- men. Even some found their way to distant climes. In fact, the principal trade prosecuted by merchants ot Digby ve'-ged in that direction. Considerable, however, reached the V^est Indies; and some crossed the Atlantic to Gteat feritain. Much activity and corresponding advantages rewarded the mercantile operations of ancient times. Boards, deals, shingles, farm produce and timber were freely exported ; while the varied commodoties of southern climes and other countries formed the chief Imports. Another valuable commodity was the different species of fish with which the coast waters abounded. Weirs were built at a very early period. Every available location was speadily occupied. The deep sea fishery was prosecuted with unceasing vigor. The following Regulations concerning Fisheries, were adopted at first General Meeting of inhabitants of the Township of Digby, held in the house of Robert Ray, in Digby, November 3, 1784, Isaac Bonnell, Esquire, Presiding : 1. " That no set nets shall be set further out into the Basin or River than sixty fathoms from Watt's Marsh, or in front of any private weirs ; and that no set net be longer than twenty fathoms. 2. That no sweep nets shall be drawn toward the Grand Joggin weirs, nearer than a line drawn from Burket's Point to the point of land westward of Smith's Cove ; and none to be -drawn nearer Bear River than the base of Bear Island. 3. That no sweep nets shall b2 longer than one hundred and it ■ t. \ ■ .« •^' il ,( I k \ ; ' il ;1 .\ ' 1 i OF THE ' OUNTY OF DIGBY. 105 twenty fathoms ; and those to be drawn from and to the shore ; and no other nets or seines than those to he made use of. 4. That neitlier set or sweep nets sliall he set or drawn nearer any private Wier than one hundred fathoms. 6. That a line be drawn from Mr. Street's farm at the Gut to Mr. Johnson's opposite on the Granville shore ; and no nets shall be drawn below said line. 6. That no person or persons not inhabitants of Nova l^cotia, shall be permitted to catch Herring in the Ba 'n of Annapolis. « 7. That any Weir within the Basin of Annapolis, in which three barrels of dead or odious fish be found remainino^ twenty- four hours, the owner thereof shall pay the sum of Five Pounds, one-half of which shall go to the informer, and the residue to Overseers of the Poor in the Parish in which the particular Weir shall be situated. , 8. No penalties for violation of any or all of foregoing Ordinances, shall exceed Ten Pounds, recoverable before one Justice of the Peace if penalty does not exceed One Pound ; if over that amount and not exceeding Three Pounds, before two Justices of the Peace." " By order of the Court " of General Sessions of the Peace, " True copy." "J. WINNIETT, aerZ;." J'j3. Foreman, Toivn Clerk. » At same Convocation, Henry Rutherford, Reuben Tucker, and Jonas Mead were appointed Directois of Fish Weir at Grand Joggin. In April, 1801, Joseph Beaman and Joseph Titus chosen by Town Meeting to superintend the building of Racijuette Weir. Herrinsfs taken in these and other Weirs were smoked and exported to various points. Immense yieUk rewarded fishermen's preparations and lal)ours. Both shore and distant ventures attracted new settlers. No industry was equally remunerative in comparison with the investments. " I)igV»y Flerrings " beoiinie celebrated wherever known. The demand therefore incretised apace, and prices ranged uniformil}' high. Many even neglected their farms to follow this occupation exclusively. After a few yes^rs however, the quantities grew far less numerous. While the 8 106 GEOGRAPHY AND HISKJUY supply was likely diniinisheil by injudicious .n . •! "n-.; CHAPTKR XII. Court of Sessions Estarlisiiko at Dkmiv— iMiMiovEMEn^TS iv Highways — Grant of C »NFniMATiox Issued— Confidence. Restored — Dissenters recomino Numerous and Influ- ential — Efforts to retard their Progress— Miscel- laneous Notes. During the first thirty-four years of its histor}', Diijby hjid l)een under jurisdiction of the Genernl Sessions of the Peace for the County of Annapolis. Justices of the Peace and Jurors had punctually attended in the old Gouit Hou.se, Annapolis, on fii*st Tuesdny of April and first Tuesday of November in each year since 1783, to aid in transacting the public business of Easterm and Western Districts. Having thus served sixteen years' faith- ful apprenticeship, au)p1y illustratiijg vvi.sdoiu, loyalty, and zeal in discharging such important trusts, an Act of tiie Provincial Parliament became law in first year of nineteenth century, permitting and enjoining the proper officials residing in Townships of Clements, Digby, ami Clare, to orgatilre and niaintain a separate Court of General Sessions of the Peace in and for the \Vestei;n Districts of the County of Annapolis, to be holden in tho Town Plot of Digby, on third Tuesday of June in each succeerling year. This law permitted the Sessions to excuse residents of Eastern and Western Districts from serviny: as Jurors in both . Annapolis and Digby. Accordingly, on Tuesday, June 17, 1800, at eleven o'clock In the forenoon, William Winniett, E.s<|uire, Clerk of the Peace for the County, being in attendance, the Court was epened in due form by order of Thomas Milledge, E.squire, Senior Justice in the Western District, who presided Other Justices present : — Josiah Jones, Isaac Bonnell, Stephen J( nes, Amh-ew Snodgrass, Edward Thorne, Henry Rutherford^ Esquires. The Act pa.s.sed in the fortieth year of the Reign of His; " Britjinnic Majesty, King George the Third, establishing this Court,, entitled, " An Act for the better regulating the manner of holding the Inferior Court of Connnon Pleas and General Sessions of the ' ,• ''\ //,.*r.'« ■, i^'^w- :...-.v.'-i> V-- ; ■.■'r'V;.--' ■> :»> '.■^"■. ■•■'>v ■5-;. ■'■ -^/ '■■-.-. \-!r'":'-,.-,.' 108 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY Peace in the County of Annapolis," was then read ; after wliich, the requisite ProclMKiation being made, and Roll of Grand Jurors called, there appeared : — Andrew Sno^ifviXHs, Foreman ; John Hill, Ambrose Haight, Elisha Budd, Reuben Tucker, Joshua Smith, Robert Robinson, Robert Rollo, Cereno U. Jones, John Cosman, John Grigg, John Aikins, Reuben Hankinson, Jacob Cornwell, James Ruid. Pclit Jurors — Amos Dillon, Jesse Keen, Gilbert Fowler, Abraham Van Tassell, Peter McMullen, Benjamin Jones, Benjamin Lawrence, Stephen Arnold, James Titus, James Foreman, Jeremiah Smith, George Hollingshead, R'^bert Leonard, Isaac Roop, Henry Stiniger. Grand Jury withdrew from Court Room, William Muir, Esquire, was forthwith appointed Clerk of the Peace for Western District of the County of Annapolis. On the following day the Grand Jury presented True Bilh for Petty Larceny and Felony against i^'eter Black man, Abraham Miller, and James Ellis, colored persons. Ordered, That John Warwick, Ambrose Haight, James Reid, and James A. Holdsworth have Shop Licenses ; and that Geoigc Saxton have a free Tavern License. Regulations prohibiting lumber and other incumbrances frotn being'pla jd in bounds of Highways, were passed ; also, to prevent dangerous irnimals from going at large. Peter Blackman plead guilty of indictment laid against him. He was sentenced to receive thirty-nine lashes, on the bare back, 4ind to be discharged. Ordered, That a'l Jurors summoned hereatter to serve in this "Court in Digby, be summoned from that part of the County of Annapolis west of a line drawn from middle of St. George's Channel to mouth of Bear River ; and thence up the said Rivei to the source thereof, f. The Condition of Highways in Dlgby, Clare, and part of Clements, engaged attention of the Sessions immediately afterwards. We have already seen that but few short pieces of Turnpike were previously constructed in the County. Petitions asking that roads be opened in various directions, were presented in abundance. These included an alteration in Water Street Digby.. between residence of Adam Walker and north side 1 i 1 I l!^( i If' , ' t : } ^ . . ■'.) . '■^'' ^i -t . , ('■ ' ■ ;. . . ' If OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBV. lOfT Racket, together with now rojul from the R>ieket to Bi'OiV ; Petite to Grand Passage, .€.")0 ; Yarmouth to Meteghan lliver, £100. These a»nounts liberallv supplemented, by work of fgreholders and others, placed those highways in a passable condition. 1: 1' V''\ >l m !r-: ; The Commissioners last appointed to devise a plan for settling the " Lands Question," having submitted a lengthy, full, and accurate deliverance, containing state of the various settlements in relation thereto, and claims of each resident to \inds in the Township of Digby, coupled with the announcement that James Boutineau Francklin, Esquire, who was Clerk of the House of Assembly a long period, had generously surrendered to the Crown all his Rights in the Township. The Commissioners advised that the several land holders whether claimingby Grant or occupancy, be considered actual owners ; and that a new Patent, {)refaced by a full and particular analysis of all the facts connected therewith, called the "Grant of Confirmation," be immediately issued, giving and confirming unto the two hundred and seventy-six Real Estate Proprietors, then residents of old Digby Township, all the several tracts held by those persons respectively. This Report, in form of the ab'^ve Grant was\signed January 31, 1801, by His Excellency Sir John Weptworth, Lieutenant-Governor, counter- signed by Honourable Benning Wentworth, Secretary of the Province, and the Great Seal affixed. When news of this event reached Digby and was conveyed triumphantly to every hamlet and village, a heavy burden was lifted from the public mind; a burden momentous and absorbing, which had pressed with relentless and destructive force on the dearest interests of every citizen, neutralizing all channels of advancement, and effectually preventing maintenance of the proud position won by long years of toil, sacrifice and anxiety, But even these rejoicings were attended by deep lamentations, in remembrance of the many homes desolated, and the numerous inhabitants with their enterprise, capital and valuable co-operation, all lost irretrievable by the unfaithfulness of those entrusted with duties of the first magnitude. Notwith- standing these unfavourable consequences, the equitable and happy tjerminatiou of those unfortunate differences, rapidly inspired and fostered a return of that mutual confidence which hallowed the infancy of Digby, and is of primary moment to happiness and prosperity of every community. ■';'?f-; \i .t ■ - ^, i' ..V-. ■.•■..':•. ;%;>■'; I, . *- ; • V . . . t • .J y^'^^ I >. m.^- 'r * ' .T..- . >. •'..'■*' * '«'m ^^•, ■- . 1 : ■ ki ' 112 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY Keligious matters continued in a transition state. Hitherto, all marriages among English had been solemni/.cd by Clergymen of the Church of England, as by law established in the Mother Country. Catholic Priests and Dissenting Clergymen had, however, officiated in that capacity throughout Xova Scotia. Many couples in Clare had been united by the different Missionaries since the beginning of Acadian tenure. The earliest matrimonial alliance performed in the County by Dissenters was that of Lewis Titus to Olive Blakely or Blazeley, by Elder Towner, October 20, 1799. Thi? did not reach the ear of Digby's Hector. Inspired with the belief that he was fully competent to discharge every public duty, Towner unhesitatingly joined Jacob Cornwell, Junior, and Samh Titus, June 14, 1800. The Reverend Mr. Viets.Kector of Digby, becoming cognizant of this, commiinicated the fact to Venerable Dr. Inglis, Bishop of the Plocese. A complaint being laid with Registrar of Court of Marriage and Divorce, comprising Governor and Council, Mr. Towner was summoned to trial in Halifax. His co-worker, John Burton, cheerfully offered succour and advice. Attorney-General Richard J, Uniacke prosecuted in behalf of the Crown. He was elected in 1783 to the Assembly for Township of Sackville, now in New Brunswick, vice Robert Foster, deceased. At General Election in following year, Halifax Co. chose Mr. Uniacke its third Representative. Having been a barrister of superior abilities, a fluent and elegant speaker, he succeeded James Brenton as Attorney-General before close of eighteenth century. Another celebrated lawyer then ascending to prominence was late Honourable Simon Bradstreet Robie. He was elevated to the House by electors of Halifax County in 1800, and became Counsel for the defendant. Re-elected in 1806 and 1811, the House called Mr. Robie to preside over its deliberations during term of latter Parliament, which ended in 1818. On death of King George III., the Assembly lapsed, though elected the previous year. Mr. Robie was tiiemphally returned, again. At next General Election in 1827, the Metropolitan County for fifth time selected him as one of its honoured delegates. Witnesses were examined at the trial named on both sides ; Counsel were heard ; and contestants awaited the decision with anxious hearts and bated breath. When the judgment appeared, these reasons were found to have influenced the high tribunal : — 1. The Church of England had not been formally established in Nova Scotia by special Act of the Provincial Legislature. Wl— <— T'TT OF THK COUNTY OF DIOIIY, 113 ■'..li .1 I 2. Invalidation of the narriuge in controversy wouM con- sequently set aside all jtrevious like contracts performed in e([ually good faith by all clergymen not connected with the Pliiglish Ciinrcli. 3. Such course wcnild require specific legislation to confer legitimacy on the multitudinous posterity of each Dissenting and Catholic Marriage. 4. The officiating clergyman in this instance was a regularly ordained Pastor of a flock entirely loyal to the Crown, i»eacealtle citizens, and believers in all the essential tenets positively taught by the Established Catechism as insusceptible to variation. Besides these, a judgment in favor of the Plaintitf would presumably lead to most serious consequences, as Catholics and Protestants affected thereby, would unite in resisting its enforce- ment, even vith their lives, if necessary. • I ■ .* '• '.';-■ ,v '. c f .- :./.-7r- ^••, ■•.;.:.:,.,..■>•■., .' .- .". ■ *^ '-' t ,' - •.; • >'.v >»',.-.r^, ... h- \i , ■•: ■•i>i ;,:.>w.'>^-,.'. . . • ; ■?.'■■ ■ ■/.Tvvp?*.>;: -,'■•■♦'''•■.••■'. ■ • ." ':t» -'■> ■ ■■ . "■. ?,■ • -' ' - '\h .%. ■■II >V- 'q' orgimi/e«i a TJaptist Church with sixteuii coininiiiiiriintH, Jissisteil by deh'giitu.s from the (JraiivilK' ami l>igby Churches. We will now turn our attention to Clements Township. llii.s Church conmuMiced in 1810 and included nienihei.s residing in eastern and western 8ection.s of that Township. Some of the founders of Bear River Village were connected therewith. Kev. Thomas Ansley, I'astor of the I'pper Granville Church, was one of the princiital agencies in gathering that body. While Upper Clements and Clenientsvale, now in Annapolis County, were the centres of this Church, a nund)er at Smith's Cove anil Hear Iliver held services at .stated intervals. Preaching by those mentioned were frequent. Kev. Henry ilale, a minister sent to New Brunswick by the Massachussets Baptist Missionary Society, which embraced Maine in its work, accompanied by Rev. Daniel Merrill, of Sedgwick, Maine, a zealous colleague under similar patronage, aided James Manning, Thomas Ansley, Harris Harding, Joseph Dimock and Edward J. Reis in rural districts of Clements and Digby. Bill's "Fifty Years with the Baptist Ministers and Churches of the Maritime Provinces," page 42, states tlvat tifty-si.x had been dismissed from the Upj»er Granville Church, since Session of the Association in June, 1809. These probably united in constituting the Church of Clements. Increase of population and other favoring causes, tended to augment the numbers in every religious sect. While these events were transpiring, the English Church in Digby was called to part with their faithful and devoted Missionary, Rev, Roger Viets, August 15th, 1811, deeply lamented. In his last communication to Jthe Mayazine issued by the Society for Propogation of the Gospel, dated 24th of preceding June, he rei)resented " that his Mission proceeded in its usual course of unity, peace, and prosperity, little affected by the violent commotions raised by the New Lights, and other extravagant Sectaries, In the course of the year, he baptized GO (five of which "whom? were adults); married 13 couple, and buiied 12. Communicants 34." He strongly recommended "Mr. Robert Dalton to be the Society's School Master a*^ .'.)igby." Tlie First Digby Neck Church was alsoorga'^/'Vi .nth Northern Peninsula as its field. Elder Petei Crandall, a brother of Joseph Crandall, another Baptist Minister w ho was elected in 1819 third Representative of Westmoreland Cou nty to the New Brunswick Assembly, then became the!^ Pastor. Longing to proclaim his I •'■r V ' ■ ,j M or THE COUNTV OF DUMIV. 115 •doi'tiiiies tu tlip inli'*!.itaiit.s of l>igl»y itsrlf, Cnnulill .hoou fotind the widow of William Mcl'ornniud, who had i«'tiini«'d, dis|)()S('d to o]>cn her rosidcin'o fur sorvict'. lU-fdrc ISiM.J had itasscjd, this clergyman preat lied under her roof, 15ut the less orderly wt-re unwilling toallow this innovation on the Ivstahlished faith, hitherto undistnri.ed hy 13ai)tist aggression. While n large audience was listening attentively, some demanded the meeting di.s})er.s(;. This was unnoticed hy the preacher. Cotjserpiently, the windows w(»ro broken by stones thrown hy youths. At this juncture, Justice Andrew Snodgi'ass, assisted by constables John IJobinson an-- l-../.-a^- /vv I :|i^- 'V;:^-.V/>..-. ' • ;>•-'■•: •, • ■?■ ■•.•■,s'.'-?^'-j.Vr'i •%<-:•■ '■•'■-: .^/^•"^^^^ > 'V*. 'H • • ■ ^ I . • ^-^iv-'-j. ■••■ ■ ■■■..■^.'.'•\y- <> I ■ ./ j^ ' ■«■■/-■.-*•.■•;■ V''i»''^''« 116 GEOOKAl'IIY AND HISTORY Ai)iui{iuli.s. Keatl first time, anil ordered second time, \\i]\ June, then referred to Committee of the Whole. On same day, Mr. Secretary Wentworth tninsmitted copies of corresj)on(UMice with New Brunswick, touching the proiMised lirier Ishmd Light House. Ordered to lie on the table for perusal of memhers. The Bill for exteiuling Oeneral Tridges, with instructions to repoit thereon to the House. June 27th, 1803. Mr. Rutherford introduced a Bill to enable inhabitants of Digby Township to improve Common belonging thereto ; Also, ♦; Bill to provide for the support in future of a Light House at the entrance to the Harbour of Ajinapolis. Read first time, and ordered to be read a second time. Though no further record of this Bill couKl be found, yet James Moo '*' < \f ii OF THE COUNTY OF DIGltV. 117 fj * 1 ■ " ' I : Ir-I H'.' It I j .1 Pill ''•" Condon's will potitioneil the Assembly for tin* pa^'ment of twenty pounds for the Light House jijrounds and road, alleging the Commissioners faileil to sett'e the consideration and obtain a title. This was referred to Messrs. Starr of Kinjr'^ C^nntv ; Roach of Annapolis County ; and Dewolfo of Hants County, to investigate thoroughly, and make a faithful report thereon. This committee stated on 12th of March that the lanti was actually sold for use of the public by late Patrick Condon to James Moody and Henry Rutherford, as Commissioners for erecting a Light House at entrance to Ai)napolis Basin for twenty pounds; that they were satisfied no deed was given ; and further, that the public compelled the heirs of Mr. Condon to fence both sides of the highway three quarters of a mile. The Committee recommended payment of the original consideration, with such interest as may appear equitable, to the Executors when they shall give a proper title to Government of the tract in (juestion. This amount was afterwards voted in Committee of Supply, passed the House, and endorsed later by the Councd. The Provincial Commissioners for building L'ght Houses also erected one at Brier Island about the period Moody and Rutherford -constructed the Digby Harbour Light. The date is given as 1803. In 1797, Timothy Conyers had settled on south side of Sissibou River. James Gibney li>'ed on Lot 28, north ^ f that sCreara. Benjamin Abbott, senior; of Argyle, settled at heaa of St. Mary's Bay Mar.ih. Captain Henry Lebarre, now styled Barr, lived on farms now owned by George D. and Roland Doty at Doty's Point, Kinneytown. The road from highway to his land, was made by himself. The pioneers of VVeyniouth Point also opened the high- way through that settlement in last century, without Government aid, as the Council rejected Road Grants in Digby and Clare Townships passed by the Assembly at thit time. In 1796 Colonel John Taylor made thirty-five miles of shore highway in Clare at his own expense ; and was afterwards reimbursed by a Grant of the Legislature. Timothy Crowley had domiciled at Gulliver's Hole. James Wilson and Leonard Wilson of the Township of Digby, bought Lot 23. Marshalltown, now occupied by Alexander Melancon, of John Morford, December 5th, 1799. A house was built there on about h>i f a mile .southeast of the Post Road in which they resided. June 5th, 1811, James Wihion and Sarah his wife, conveyed to Robert Wilson for thirty pounds, the western half of said Lot containing one hundred acres. This ' Indenture is signed by the Grantors in their own legible hand- writing, ami witnessed by Barnabas Marshull. October 5th, 1814, Robert Wilson sold his purchase to Albert Zeiglor, son of ii I li I I' V**:Jc^ K '■'. '.■:'■'. ■.■j.t—"' 1. ■■•■ ■;■' • '< ■:l(--,S-J^v, ;. . •::;< -:■■ /•■■■ ■ .-'■ V ' ■' ■ '.,• -»ji,' -■•... • V t^J,"?, ••■'..; I • --'I. ■'.-». _ ■*. ■J- / ■ •^•,;Vi4- 118 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY John Zeiglor, a discharged soldier of the WHldeck Regiment settled in VVtildeck Line, rast side of Bear River. Leonard Wilson also sold to Zei":Ior. The latter then removed to Marshalltown. Rev. Charles William Weeks, tirst Rector of Weymouth, hought lot seventeen, Weymouth Point, June 23rd, 1801, and settled thereon. Borden Thurber, lived on Home lot number two, at Freeport. Frederick Hentlorff owned Lot next west; Balsor Israel Lot three. James Everett lived on Lot fourteen, south side Sissibou River. Gilbert Van Aniburgh bouijht lot fortv-seven. . Southeast side of St. Mary's Bav, and settled thereon in 1799. James Cosman lived on north side of Cosman's Cove or Creek. Colonel Moody's land laid south of that Creek, adjoining Cosman's lot which bounde |i.v If i ,«!? s ;t * .1 *•>: i.:! ' 1^*^^ . t OF THE COL'NTY OF DIGBY. 1]}) in Digby stood in Block desigiiJited "Second J," Ix'twoon King und Queen Streets, Joseph Dngjis, Senior, lived a short di>tjincc west of the Belli veaux Cove School House. The Ship Wttodcuch, ov/ned by Samuel Gohlsburg, C()iueyt'•-*■ . * ; :;• .;ji5->;.- 1 ■ " ' ■ ^^i^-' ,-n- '• . ,''■■••■'■-•.. ... ■•>..V..-^.y;.'5V.,-- '.,' •'■• - *•' * ''' ' * * y> / • ,^ f ,• ■•^••xAiT-,---.'; ■ • - ... . ,'• , .•■■ -i". •.' ( ■ '•VV';:'*','."'':-- i-." .•;,■'.■>■ ■■ .' •■ ^\"^■:•^:•■! r ■.'■<*■•.■ ■.■; ' ■ :'•<•.■•■ ""■'•'.' ■/■^v^C-' '• • •■ .•■'••><•■ '" " ..;.--»>ii-:f,n'-- • ;■• ■ ^j.v .'••i< -^v ^ , •. • '. ". vU-i'^ '■■' '..■^'V •*"; ' ■ 120 OEOORAPHY AND HISTOHY CHAPTER XIII. War of 1812-14 — Its Effects on the County AND Defences. -Military When De Moiits surveyed the bays and other coast-waters of Digby and founded at Annapolis the earliest French settlement in those latitudes on American soil. St. George's Channel formed the great highway leading those Adventurers into Annapolis Basin and its tributaries. During the next hundred years, amid change- ful scenes, French Merchantmen and English warships traversed that wonderful and celebrated thoroughfare. General Nicholson's indomitable forces entered the "Mayflower" region in 1710 by this Key. In September, 1755, the Transports that removed Acadiens, sailed through same Channel. English colonists from New England under auspices of Evans, also reached their destina- tion in like manner. Consequently, some defences on its shores, were deemed paramount to protection of English settlers. August 26, 1774, Light Infantry Companies were directed to be formed from the Militia in Nova Scotia, Annapolis County .supplied fifty men as the English Contingent ; Clare furnished a like number of Acadiens. In addition, one hundred French m Clare and Yarmouth were forming a Company. They with others, were ordered on September 28th, 1775, to march immediately to Annapolis for resisting the threatened attack by Machias people under Stephen Skinner, a Member of the Massachusetts Congress. At same time, one hundred French just organized as a Company in Clare and Yarmouth with pay and provisions received advancing orders, for i)rotection of Halifax, The American Eevolution afforded privateersmen ample scope under " Letters of Marque," for gratifying their inordinate love of lucre. The few settlements were weak and scattered, IJesides, the Micmacs in July, 1770, made a Treaty with tin* Revolutionists to furnish the latter six hundred men to aid in securing their independence. Governor Campbell in his opening Speech to the Legislature, June 7th, 1779, stated that through judicious administration of Mr. Francklin, Superintendent of Indian Affairs, he " had very happily effected -the re-establishment of Peace with all the tribes of those People Vy-\ <■".: ■, r:>. OF THE COUNTY OF DItiBY 121 Ml^" who inhabit this rrovince; and at the same time, they ileliveivd lip" the Treaty just named. He continued, "i am therefore fully persuaded tliat the interior part of the Trovinee will now be secured from such alarm and disturbance ; and in consetjuence, a general tranciuility will be established, as the present situation of public affairs will admit." During same Session, Mr. Shaw, Colonel of Militia and one of the Members for Annapolis County, reported that he had done everything in his i>ower for protection of that part of the Province where he cominanded; that he obtained a sum of money as a recompense for those he thought most zealous in defence of their Country. A part of the demand on that account, he had paid a long time before he received it, another portion later. The remainder was still in his hands. This he deemed prudent to retain until his Accouiits should be publicly -examined ; and further, that he would restore the balance, or such portion as the House may direct. After discussion, it was Ordered, — That Mr. Colonel Shaw do repay into the Treasury, all money received by him for payment of the Militia in Annapolis County. As previously stated, the Bay of Fundy was continually infested by pirates throughout the American struggle contest. August 28th, 1781. Two rebel schooners of ten and twelve carriage guns respectively, with eighty men reached Annapolis, landed half their ihen by daybreak unobserved, and secured the Block House while the three soldier inmates were asleep. This was accomplished without opposition, though their own pilot was accidentally killed during the surprise. They surrounded the principal houses, took the inhabitants prisoners, confined some in the Block House and others in ditch of the Old Fort, plundered every house and shop of whatever effects they desired, whether private or otherwise, then spiked the cannon. About noon, they sailed down to Goat Island, taking John Ritchie, Solicitor General, afterwards membei* of Assembly for the County, and Captain Thomas Williams, prisoners. These were released on condition that an Ajierican confined in Halifax should be liberated. In following year, 1782, the Atalanta, Captain Percy Brett, was usefully employed in the Bay of Fundy, to keep Privateers out of the Province. They, however, quickly returned in the Autumn, after she retired to another post. :-v.\:vv.'- " .-- . IK ■ ' ' i • '. V ■ . ' r ■■ -\;- ■■ t ■,* ■ ■■'^^i./^--: '\j^,::':i^-- -• ;''^-.-r^ -, " *♦: I -. ^Vf;?":"^.-'*'' . ^;?^><;^iv .■ . tv- - J '. . ■-;- ■-'.■.'^. ' • ' '':'4:?'i'.-' . ■> •> ..•'■"V- -''-:^^:^Z - ."•••.•il* >-v,'V' -1- ' •■ • ">■■ V : ■' 'v-:?^V;-;<, ••■V*:','-^ -': ■/:. -{■'• ..■.'■",•'«• '■•• .■■•>x-v'-'-,<' 122 GEOGRAPHY AXD HISTORV Before this peviotl, Henry Munroe, Ksq., first ineinbcr of Assembly for Granville, from 1765 to 1770, was previously placed in charge of the lUock House just erected on hank of St. George's Channel or Digby Stiait. He remained but a short term. He then resided in Granville, and was informed by a private message of the raid on Annapolis. He begged permission from those in charge to capture the intruders. But his rank of Captain was below the Colonel commanding. His valiant offer was therefore declined. He then thoroughly upbraided and denounced the entire force as "a pack of paltroons" for allowing the town to be so ingloriously sacked, and even permitting the lawless robbers to escape with their precious booty ! No special events marked the Military phase from close of the War in 1783, to the Contest between France and Britain ten years later. Evidently, the Government considered Digby almost impregnable without fortifications, as no sufficient protective impleujents or structures had yet been supplied. But when war was imminent, the state of her defences received early attention. A mutual spirit of self-denying devotion to King and Countrv strongly pervaded the people at this time! Governor Wentwortn writing May 2nd, 1793, to Mr. Dundas, Imperial Secretary of State, conveyed the intelligence that Major Thomas Barclay, member of Assembly for Annapolis County, being named for Lieutenant Colonel of the Regiment to be raised in Nova Scotia, expressed himself giateful for the honour, but i)roposed instead to raise a Regiment of Militia Volunteer.*, to be commanded by respectable half pay Officers, composed of ten cliosen Companies — two to be Artillery, one of Horse, — ready to march to defend any part of the Pi'ovince, but especially St. Mary's Bay, Annapolis and Digby. A Block House called Prince Regent's Battery, was erected on west side of St. George's Channel. Three distinct Corps of Militia were organized, — one under Major Barclay, one under Major Milledge, and a body of Acadiens commanded by Captain John Taylor. Arms for Barclay's Regiment were requested on 23rd July, 1793. In 1791 the following Officers had supervision of the tarious Divisions of Naval and Military operations at Annapolis and Digby, under command of Briyadier General Ogilvie, who had direction of the Imperial and Colonial Forces in Nova Scotia : — Thomas Williams, Esquire, Assistant Commissary of Provisions lt'^''\ m-' .: '. A . ■ |r>,i :ir^ '< ' t . !>,; OF THE COUNTY OF DKSHY. 123 at Annai^olis. Naval Storekeeper, Mr. Fraser. »S'jtr//tfo»,Tliornas liwin. Assistunt-Stuycoii, J. Pierce. Conunissary of Masters at l)igby, Frederick Wiiliaiu Ileclit, Ksqiiire. In 1703, the following Comprised Officers of the ANNAPOLIS IlEGIMENT OF MILITIA. Colonel— Co\onii\ Thomas Milledge, M. P. P. Lieutenant-Colonel. — David Seabury. Majors. — Matthew Wintdet, Christopher Benson. Captains. — Robert Young, Samuel Chesley, Douw Ditmars, Tunis JBogart, William Robertson, James Eagar, Nathaniel Parker, John Slocomb. ' Lieutenants. — Henry Harris, James Thome, Jolin Roach, Miner Tupper, Jacob Troop, Andrew Walker, William Prince, John VanBuskirk, Zebulon Durland, Ensigns. — John Ditmars, Ferdinand Schaftner, Panlon Saun- ders, S. Fitz Randolph, James Hall, John Bath, Stephen Dodge, B. R. Beardsley. Adjutant. — William Prince. Quarter- Master. — Foster Woodbury. In 1797, Robert Young is onwtted from List of Captains, while Samuel Morse and Jacob Troop are added at end of Roll. John Starratt and James Hall are also added to Lieutenants. Edward Dunn and Isaiah Shaw to that of Ensigns. In 1794, the following gentlemen were officers of NOVA SCOTIA LEGION. Colo7\el. — Thomas Barclay. Lieutenant-Colonel. — Alexander Howe. Captains. — Robert Rollo, William Willett, Thomas Williams, Reuben Hnnkinson. Lieutenants — Robert Robinson, Phineas Milledge, William Winniett, Joseph Doucette. Y \ .; --. •' %■ .'J ->:■♦■ -■■■,-!. ■, 124 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY Second Lieutenants. — William Seninan, Gcorije Nash, John P. DeGreben, Charles Doucetto. • Ensigns.— Vi}iiir De Ste Croix, William F. Boimeli, John Fitz Randolph. Adjutaut — Christopher Benson. Quarter- Master. — Francis Hutchin.son. At same date, the subjoined manap;ed the ACADIAN MILITIA, County of Annapolis. Colonel. — Thomas Milledjre. Lieutenant-Colonel. — John Taylor. , . Major. — Peter Douce tte. Captains. — Reuben Hankin^on, Charles E. Razeo, Amand Lanoue. Lieutenants.- -Josci>h Doucette, John McCollouj;h, William Johnson, Charles Doucette. John Moody, John Trahau. Ensigns. — John Fitz Randolf, Jacob Cornwell. Adjutant. — John Moody. Quarter- Master. — WMIIiam Johnson. DIGBY REGIMENT OF MILITIA. Lieutenant-Colonel. — Isaac Hatfield. Major. — Isaac Roup. Captains. — John Hill, John Stewart, Cereno Upham Jones. Lieutenanfs.—JvsHG Keen, William Bailey, John Cosman. Second Lieutenants,— Amos Dillon, James Ptoid, Isaac Titus. ^'n8ii8. — Benjamin Lawrence, John Aikins, Nathaniel Payson. ;■'• I ! ' ' >. . OF THE COUNTY OF UH;HY. i'2'* Adjuta n/n. — William Muir. Quarter Mtintar. — John Morford. A Block House of fair (limciisioii.s, was then put in full trim on each side of the entrance to Annapolis Basin. That on eastern side was somewhat larger, and named Duke of York's Battery. Prince Begent's Battery on the Digby shore, was also respectable, having four guns. Another ]>lock House stood on the Hill in Second Division J., between King and Queen streets, facing the Harbour and overlooking the Town. The Rectory burned in September, 1890, was also built for military purposes, particularly as the Commissary Department. It - was used for this purpose many years. The late W. A. Calneck stated that a Sergeant with a detachment of Guards was placed in both Batteries during the war between France and England which continued from 179l> to 1815, for preve'nting surprises on the surrounding country. On 6th of May, 1793, a French Privateer of ten guns and having forty-five men, was cruising in the Bay of Fundy. Many others visited those waters during that conflict, impeding British commerce, and occasioning great anxiety at Digby and elsewhere. October 9th, 1793. Governor Wentworth ordered one thousand men from the Regiments of Annapolis, King's and Hants Counties to be marched for defence of Halifax with .all possible despatch. Early in 1794, His Excellency made every aiTangement for providing canron and ammunition in defending Digby. The land between the harbour, Maiden Lane and Birch Street, was reserved for Government purposes. Cannon were placed in the vicinity. Another cannon was located at Blakeslie's Corner,, Bear River Village, in charge of Lieut. Robinson, for defence of settlements near that stream. June 14, 1794, His Royal Highness, Edward, Duke of Kent, Cammander-in-Chief of the Forces on North American and West Indian Station, left Halifax on the Zebra with a small retinue for a cruise around the southern shores of Xova Scotia, en route for New Brunswick. They expected to reach Annapolis about tlie fifteenth or sixteenth of same month, and to embark for St. John without delay. He called at Sissibou, and was entertained by Col. Moody. At Digby, he was given a Banquet, and witnesed other unmistakeable demonstrations of respect and attachment during his brief sojourn. x •,<•.■>>■ •-• ■••■^^^•i- ^ >^¥-- '■•fj.»j. av'.jAv ■ ^■■-^5,:^ ■ -^^v., ■ ,,.'r« v... • '5 ...'- . .--•■'.■'■..■'. ■ '■: "vM -^ •^'^V-:;'' •/.^ri ■■■.■:■,' • -*>,,* ..:^^;l^; ■-.••-/^•f--' ■■. -J ■..••, : >-->:^':;-: * •' '.I. ; * •►^/<. -.;■ ■^ ->^' 1 .. ' •»!," * ' ; XV .» • ■■-V- .?*?■■>;" .-^'.y ..•V>i.'- ■^"■: ■"■; .■■.•••;■". 1 -•• 12G fJEOGUAPHY AXI> HISTOHY The frequent and destructive ravages of privateers on I)igl>y and Annapolis during latter years of the Anierioan Itehellion, rendered some protection by tlie imperial authorities necessary. In summer of 1782, the yl^'///»^', under command of Admiral Digby, assisted by CHj)tain Percy IJrett, luid compelle«l those base Maraudars to remain at safe distances from the shores and inland waters on coasts of IJay of Fundy. lie often ancliored in Digby's fine Harbour during that season, liut this was not liis last nor most pleasant visit to our shire town. Late in autumn of 1797 the Admiral anchored his Flagshij) tlie Wye at (Ireen Point, north of the Ilacquette, to visit the town anti survey its surroundings. The weather becoming suddenly cold, his vessel ■was unex])ectcdly moored by ice during the winter, l^igby was then thoroughly safe from invasion, besides being honoured by the presence of a celebrated Rear Admiral and his brave associates who were protecting the coast from remorseless foreign pirates. This was the sectmd year that Digby's gallant Patron patrolled its harbour in time of war. Mr. Lewis G. Cossett, then living on the James and William Cosby farm about half a mile east of Bear Piiver's outlet, supplied the ^Vye M'hatever was re<[uired diirihg her stay, and tile sailors cleared (ireen Point of timber for fuel. The Treaty which closed the Revolution war did not, liowever, restore periietual peace between Great P>ritain and tlw United States. Fmnce had incurred England's enmity by assisting her disobedient colonies in their struggle for separation from *the parent realm. When the French Revolution of 1T8V) commenced, Britain became alarmed concerning balance of power in Europe. After execution of Lewis XVL, England promptly declared war. England and France while in deadly conflict, were injuring their own commerce, and also indirectly crippling trade of neutral r)f)wers, incuding the American Republic. Her Orders-in-Council, declaring all West Imlian traders between the Uniied States and Europe legal prizes, created intense bitternsss among all concerned. The counter Decrees of Berlin and Milan issued by France, in turn, placed the world's commerce at mercy of those two European nations. Like eveiv other similar contest, all Xortli America was thereby afl'ected. Besides, Enghmd firmly maintaiiu-d that no subject could himself change allegiance from one nation toouothei. The United Stixtes welcomed aliens to her ships and country, and even protected them from allforeign seizure. British men-of-war habitually searched Republican vessels for deserters, capturing both their own subjects and those naturalized iinder United States !»'; I Mi'^' ■;; r^ OF THE (X)UXTY OF J)I01JY 127 laws. Such were foi'cil)ly j)liit'ed on board Knglish nrnuunonts, and compelled to servo tlmt Empire in her navy. Tlie Americans persistently accused ]>ritain of soi/in«]j natives of their Common- wealth and impressing them into royal service. Negotiations for settlement were conducted by James Monroe, Aliiiister to Kngiand, and William Pinckney, joint Commissioners, with the Imperial Government. At this con'ference, the latter resolutely disclaimed slightest intention to molest any not born in British territory, and lionorably volunteered to make "lue reparation for every such error. The treaty then concluded, though quite favorable to America, was summarily rejected by President Jefferson ; and on July 2, 1807, he issued a Proclamation ordering all British vessels of war to leave American waters, and also warned the people against holding intercourse with them. In December following, Congi'ess passed the " Embargo Act," preventing all merchant vessels of the Union from leaving that Country. This was done to force Gicat Britain to relinquish her right of search for deserters. Thousands in the United States were thus destitude of employ- ment. Discontent in Eastern ;ind Middle States was so intense that by recommendation of Jefferson, the Embargo Act was repealed March 1, 1809. Three days later, James Madison succeeded to the Presidency. He was strongly in sympathy with the non-intqr- course policy toward Great Britain and France. Then followed the unsuccessful attempt of Erskine, English Phenipotentiary, to reconcile differences, and recall of Jackson, his successor, by demand of Madison. The Orders-in-Council were still most rigidly enforced by England. Her warships were placed at entrances to principal harbours of United States for this purpose. In winter of 1812, latter Government sent to Congress an Imperial attempt to induce New England States to withdraw from the Union. The agent was John Henry. Congress appointed a committee to investigate this matter. They reported that the " transaction disclosed by the President's Message, presents to the mind of the committee conclusive evidence that the Britis|i Government, at a period of peace, and during the most friendly professions, hav^ been deliberately and perfidiously pursuing measures to devide these states, and to involve our citizens in all the guilt of treason, and the horrors of c vil war." But they had forgotten their e([ually treasonable acts forty years previously. May 30, 1812, the British Minister at Washington delivered to James, Monroe, Secretary of State, the ultlhtatmn of his Government on disputed points. President Madison sent it to Congress June 1st, with a message reviewing the injuries Great 128 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTuKY ■ ^v. ..■< •'■."^■^l ?:>-2^>-: Britain, as he claimed, was inflicting on the United States, and her refusal to armnge the differences equitahly. He represented England, was evidently determine*! to force American Commerce from the seas, and suhmitted the jiroblcm whether the IJi'pultlic shoidd tolerate these impositions, or shoulder arms for self j>rotec- tion. After several days debate, Congress passed an Act declaring war against Great Britain, which the President approved Jiiro 1 8th ; and on following day issued his Manifesto, declaring war existed between the United States and their Parent Realm. Considerable opposition, however, to the Mar existed in New England ; an«l many of the best men in Congress spoke against the Bill, and by thcia votes endeavoured to prevent its passage. During the conflict which followed, privateering was one of the chief instru- ments employed to cripple commerce. The Halifax Journal under date July 30, 1812, says: — "Privateers are swarming around our coast and in the Bay of Fundy ; hardly a day passes but we hear of captures made by them." Here are two instances of such incursions on Digbj' : On Friday, July 31, 1812, Mord reached town that a Privateer had anchored between Broad Cove and Roger's Point. A detachment of Militia under CohtnrU Hatfield and Fanning marched thither, attacked the unwelcf)me visitor, fired over fifty shots into her, receiving souie in return, and obliged the intruder to leave our shores. ''•''X-'-:-n'.-- ■ ■Zj^"^ l-'0w& Another alarm of like nature was circulated August 2nd, when a piratical schooner from Kastport, Maine, was seen in Turner's Eddy, apparently awaiting return of Packet with mails and freight from St. John. Slie was assailied by a body of trained citizens with Captain Charles Watt at their head. One of the invaders was killed. She then sailed for home. Four of the crew had landed before amval of Militia, and were therr out of sight. Two of these were arrested next day by Constables John Robinson and John E. Morton, with aid of special officers, and conveyed to Halifax via Annapolis. The other couple landed in Orarvilleand hired Mr. Johrr Worcester to take them to Eastport. Troceeding thither in an oj)on boat, he encountered a severe iiortli east gale while returning which irrisistibly drove him fo sea. .Meeting an outward bournl West Tndiaman, he wns reseuod from tlu' imminent peril' and eventually returned homo ■ At one time a rumour became current that the Americans were about raiding Si.ssibou. Tl'c Militi.i odieer- :|ui('klv sunnn«>neil 4 I r •••J. '^r^'^'.jW ,. — anfjw ij- OF THE COUNTY OF DHIUV. 120 their Coiniiaiiy for })nictice, iind tluit ni^ht .stationed n Cimrd at Shock's Toint. Boftne inoniing tho seutrioH hoard a cracklinj,' in the bushes. Fearing,' the oni'iny wore upon thoin, thoy firod a volley in direction of thi^ noise. Inuigint^ their .surprise and chagrin, wlien they discovered they had shot ami killed Dttirtm Shook's cow ! For this valiant service some of the Company received a pension for life. A detachment (>f Militia under C«ii>fn'nt Je.sse Keen, was employed at brief intervals constructiuy a forniidsdjle Embankment at Robinson'." Point, north of Tublic Tier in Digby. Timbers pointed at outer end, were placed in this breastwork to prevent a landing being effected from the .sandbar situated there. In this connection, an unintentional omission in a similar narrative on page 39, is here supplied. Privateer Cove is there mentioned without definite location; also, " Burkett's Point " is named in like manner on page 104. Privateer Cove is on west aide of Annapolis Basin, near mouth of ( rrand -Toggin ; while Burket's Point lies southerl" therefrom, along shore of latter stream. Captain William Taylor, son of Edward Taylor the Loyalist, built a schooner at r)igby called the " Hairm," for returning thos(^ unkindly eomidiments from the belligerent co>Mitry. Thriui,di ha.stily constructed, .she soon taught the ''• Sons of Freedom " that Digby was fully determined and also amply able to be free indeed. It is, nevertheless, cheering to know, that privateerism during hostilities between contending nations, is now almost wholly obsolete ; and that pacific diplomacy is largely supplanting the swoixi itself! Throughout the struggle, which was mainly on the impress- ment question, every settlement on the coast wa.s in constant danger of rapine and plunder. After i hi nit two }«>ar's dreary conflict, involving destruction of many valuable lives, and al^o vast amounts of hard earned property on both sides, the Trcsuty ot (Jhent, .signed December 14, 1814, prai;licidly i-losed hostillti) .•, thftugh ProcLi mat ions i»f Peace weredjite • l'-iii ii,ir\ ; s, 18 1 1^, \1! places taken by either combatant during the war were restore ta their rightful owners. Tne contraversal points, were, however left uiidecidc i. ■^• anrcled even this remote corni^- of the Fun iro Wheat crops had been hugely remunerative. The hite c^^ rit.l f l'""'"'^ ^'J'- ^^^^*'^" '" 1817 the yield .v"s alrZt aspect. \\heat flour had ranged from sixteen tr, twenty dollars per barrel dunng last war. Many were compelled to sub is on ■coarser bread stuffs and vegetables, conseqlen ly grl ins^'an vegetables were afterwards cultivated in greater qnantZs and with advantageous results. • H"«"""es, ana ;^^l^^^* OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 131 CHAPTER XIV. FruTiiKii Land (fitANTs — Tiik Intkuioii Skitlei* — Ci.vitE Devastated by Fibe — Emigkatiox to Uri'EB Can'ada — French Locate at Mabsiialltown, Gilbebt Cove, and Elsewhebe. Besides the numerous conveyances heretofore cliioii;^Ied, Thomas Hnggeford was allotted five hundred acres on Brier I^jlund from the Payson line to North Point. James McElhinney also received a Block on this Island. They were residents of I)igl)y to vn ; and sold these lands to future settlers on Brier Island. Thomas Watt was apportioned five thousand one hundretl and thirty-two acres in Township of I>igby, March 2nd, 1786. John Warwick and others, received two thousand eight hundred and seventy-nine acres situated on Koad to St. Mary's Bay, March 7th, 1786. Three thousand two hundred and fifteen acres were conveyed June 2Tst, 1787, to James Ward. This was situated in 'J'ownship of JMgl>y. On same day another tract was concedtMl to Thomas (Jaunnell located in Trout Cove. November loth, 1787, Thomas Warne rcceivod one thousand six hiaxdred and thirty acres in I)igV>y Township. The Grants to John and William Veitch, Ehsha Budd, George HoUingshead, Abraham Wilson, Jr., and John Hall enumerated on page (>9, were dated December 4t}i, 1789. Budd's lot was situated around Budd's Brook, on new Post Iload through jV'.arshalltown, on which his son Charles Budd, Esq., had a Saw Mill in later years. This apportionment to Wilson comprised the Seeley Block at head of St. Mary's Bay, southern side. We are unable to locate the parcfls awarded to Veitch, Hollingshead and Hall. March r)th, 1791, Stephen Pivsou, a son of Xatlianiel Payson, and ColoiH'l .lohii Tiiylov wei'' Mpjinintcd by (iovrriKtr Parr to locate a number of new immigraiLts on iaud:> around Sis-^ibou River consonnnt to application mnde by those individuals. Their leport to Gi*v''<'ii(ii' Wciitwuiih vJii h i 1 ni;-;in\\liil<; siu'i-rcded J*arr, is here gi\en : f V ■1^- 'v'i i y'-j'"';.' , :;mc^'. •■vT'- 132 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY and a89ig„e.l to the following pmons :- '""'" '""'"J''''' Nasies. •Tohn Archibald ^''^ ''**^ '^^■'''=* *»* Lux. Henry Barr *" ^ 57 Jacob Corn well, Junior. Z ^^ Eben Porter, Junior ^ 63 Jacob Corn well, Senior. ....,' ^ ^^ Joseph Amirault , ^ 64 Charles Doucet, Junior......! ^ ^^ Timothie Amirault . I ^"^ fieverved for a Public Bi'ick Yard;:::;;:;" o ' ?!! Michael Weaver, Senior. .« ^^ Vacant ■" ^^ 28 Edward Cox * ^^ 4 William Johnston V. ]? 130 Eben. Porter ^^ 247 John Taylor ^^ 34 Joseph Gaudet...*.* "' ]^ 36 JohnGaudet [[[[ "'l' 93 Joseph Doucet ..,. ]' 10 Not mentioned... ■' . l^ 16- Marin LeBlanc *.".". .^^ ^2^ Anselm Doucet .>? ^^ Simon Stevens... " ^6 John Elsey ...*/.'. ^^ 95 John Taylor. ^^ 4 • • 24 30 perso!;^' '-^^--ments in building., and so forth, made by above (Signed.) JOHN TAYLOIJ, ) STEPHKX PAVSOX, y^'nimis>iwner^. Halifax, October IBtii, 1 71) 5. This Keturn i.s registered in VnuA- I i ., - n Kegi..trar's Office, Weymouth. ' '' ^'''"''^'' '^""^J^ Thomas Ititehie, Alexander L.ln, ri. r ^'>-<^r==! n €) H .-r- OF THE COUNTY OF DIGHY. 133 in Wriglit wlio had recently scltlfnl in I^igby was also grantt^l Lotj , therein, May 14th, 1800, rogisteied in Grant Rook venty, page seventy-one. These Patents were discovered mark from Soulis to Smith's Cove. The Cou* eyance of Water Lots to James Wilniot and Francis Uominick, inentioncd on page G9 comprised snch Lots in Town of IHgby Join Water No. Twenty, page seventy-unc. o-m.-.^^ .after Chapter YIT was finally printed. Incideiilally, the Hatfield Grant has been already named, Avith .an intimation that it consisted of areas Iving some distance inland. While a little difficulty was experienced in loe.nting the original limits of southern Lot, Xo. eight, of Separate Grants issued November 15th, 1787, and northern boundiiry of Hatfield Patjiit, so far as the Shelburne Road and Hill Grove lands arc concerned, since No. eight of latter would seem to have included a portion of the former, we will, without enlarging thereon, trace later developments, .as the Graat of Confirmation coupled with convey- ance to the Six Associates enumerated presently, define present boundaries. When the Grant of Confirmation brought tranquility and progress in its train. Governor Went worth conveyed on •January 29th, 1801, to Colonel Isaac Hatfield, Jesse Hoyt, Franci.s Harris, John Hewctt, Reuben Hankins(Mi, and Alexander Haines, the North, Middle, and South Ranges, being one and a quarter miles each in width, from north to south ; and extending west- M'ardly from tlie Line between present Townships uf Hillsburgh .and Digby to the " Sissibou Block," .so-called ; — and covering by estimation, sixtv-five thousand six hundred acres. It will be remembered, that Surveyor Morrison allowed Jeun Basterache, Agent for the Acadiens in apportioning their lands along St. Mary's Bay to name the (|uantity he desired ; and that the three hundred and sixty acres he wanted, were accordingly allotted him. The same privilege was accorded all other Acadien Grantees at that time, thouijh English settlers were not thus favoured. While no cause is given in the Records, yet it was doubtie.ss intended as a partial recompense for losses suffered by tliem in 1755. A Grant to Frederic Bellivean and one hundred and ten others, instead of "forty-one others," is noted on pa^e 43. It is regretted this error occured. Since coujpiiing Chapter IV, additional particulars then apparently unoblainable, concern- ing location of lands in Clare to Acadiens, have fortunately come to hand. All titles issued to residents of that Township before August 6tb, 1771 were merely Licen-^es of Occupation. As the .•V4.'', -v. .;• ^^^iv 134 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY. Government wislie*! to proceed cautiously, these Licenses were issued, vvhicJi had only the chnracter of Leases, and conveyed only privileges enjoyed by Lessees. The tracts in New Edinburgh and vicinity, including block known as Chnrch land at and near St. Bernar.l Chapel were conveyed in this way to Basil Ainirault and others in May. 1772. Joseph Doucet occupied a parcel unmolested near mouth of Sissibou River *on west side many years without even such License. These people improved con- siderable portions of their belonging, which conferred a lien on the cleared acres. While those industrious and peaceable citizens were toiling to earn their bread, some Episcopalians at Weymouth and elsewhere, deemed them unwelcome intruders. Application was therefore made to proper authorities through Colonel James Moody, member of Assembly for County of Annapolis, to have those lands granted in perpetuity to the Rector, Wardens an»l Vestrymen of the Church of England m New E«hnburgh or Sissibou. The petition received compliance. A Grant was issued to Reverend Charles William Weeks, earliest Rector of St. Peter's, Weymouth, and others, in trust, of one thousand one hundred and seventy-one acres for Glebe any Stephen Jones, County Registrir's Ofiice, virtually states that a Petition with Lists of Applicants for a Grant of land adjoining shore lots in the rear, had not been satisfactorily answered ; and also, that an agreement executed by the Acadiens themselves, allowing the young men their respective portions of lands they had cheerfully purchased, was in some danger of being violated by one or more of the inhabitants. The author was informe■; --^'! ■/.? > 1 f '^S^;^iv' /'^yj*^-'"' ', V .'.V/ • ■•;v'.v-.;/t",r ..^...K..>.,,-:. ;Ai.V> »,:i. t ■■••'iii^v,-:*/ I,' :a ■■Vv!,i>.'\-'" 13G GEOGRAPHY AND HISTOKV it reasonable to impose upon us or them or any person proving refractory a fine of twenty pounds." (Signed) JOHN McCULLOUGH, FRED COMEAU. ALAMAS DOUCET, NICOLAS GODAT. CHARLES BELLIVEAU, JOSEPH MELANCON, BAPTISTE SAULNIER. ARMAND ROBICHAUD. No evidence of further trouble was recorded. All probably yielded to the wise judgment and honourable precepts of their chosen Deputies, as such Committees are usually styled by French people. Abbe Casgrain in his " Travels in Land of L'Evangeline," mentions one Jean Baptiste Doucet as a principal factor in obtaining large tracts of valuable hinds for Acadiens. But the people of Clare know nothing concerning him. Even late Louis Q. Bourque a pupil of Father Sigogne from childhood to his sixteenth year, was not aware of such an individual. But M. Bourgue spoke in glowing terms of the zeal displayed by his venerated Tutor in securing extensive tracts east of the shore settlements for his flock, before English adventure and enterprise should take possession of those fertile areas. While we are entirely willing and even quite anxious to award merifr wherever justly tlue, accuracy compels the assertion, that, through influence of Abbe Sigogne, who wished to promote Acadien interests, Aimable Doucet, Frederic Doucet, Olivier Doucet, Etienne Doucet, Charles Doucet, Denis Doucet, Damase Doucet, Jean Doucet, Joseph Doriacque, Joseph Doucet, Paul Dugas, Joseph Dugas, and Belloni Doucet, were allotted twenty-one thousand three hundred acres of land in the Township of Clare, January 29, 1801. This tract comprised Deuxieme Concession, (Second Division,) Troisieme Concession, (Third Division,) and other lands lying between the rear of first Grants along St. Mary's Bay, which is two miles easterly from the shore and the New Tusket settlement. A tract immediately south of Sissibou River was laid out for Colonel David Fanning. Walter Bromley of Annapolis, Schcrl teacher and Principal of the Halifax Royal Acadian School in 1824, drew a parcel apparently on south side of Township Line dividing Weymouth and Clare, August 10th, 1810, a part of which he sold to Charles McCarthy in 1812, as stated in the written Conveyance dated October 2, 1813. i %*^ '^ fe.^ !', If... III r,;: •■■•j •i.-j I ' !P r r 1 ' v OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBY. 137 Lemuel Bartlett sold to Jean Devanlt in 1801 for ten pounds, a tract containing five hundred acres aceordinfj to orders of Surveyor General, lying at lower end of Clare, adjoining Yarmouth Line, — one hundred on north side of New Inlet and the other four hundred south of that stream. This Indenture is signed " Lemuel Bartlett" and witnessed by " William Smith." It notes the fact that the land boun<:ling those five hundred acres on the south in Yarmouth Township, were then " vacant." The Marsh at head of St. Mary's Bay was granted January 3rd, 1817, under following conditions ; — the entire tract was to be divided into four hundred and eighty-five equal parts — ten of these parts were conveyed to the Rector, Church Wardens, and Vestrymen of Trinity Church, Digby, and to their successors in trust,, to be used for benefit of that Parish ; and the remaining four hundred and seventy-five shares to so many residents of the ancient Township of Digby, for their individual use and benefit. February 10, 1817, Reuben Hankinson, Robert Hankinson, John Orant, Benjamin Sabean, Haines McConnell, Joseph Dunbar, Catherine Margaret John, James Smith, Caleb Haines, James •Cossman, David Grant, Thomas Byng, John Williams, Abednego •Jordan, Jacob Brummell, Robert Johnston, Henry Radick, Catherine Godfrey, Jabez W. Dunbar, Anthony Specht, John Hewett, Elizabeth Rogers, Nathaniel Purdy, Gilbert Van Emburgh, Henry Hamilton, James Carty, James Adams, Thomas Warne, Stephen Warne, Charles John, Lawrence Sweeney, Frederick Thebault, William Brown, George Evans, James Allen, Abel Balcombe (2 shares) and Edward Evans, sold to Augustine Guiddery for five shillings each, and proportionate expense of getting the Grant, their respective portions of the Marsh at head of St. Mary's Bay. Some of thesej at least, were colored perso/is, who had either been slaves assuming names of their masters, or free negroes settled in Brinley Town. Benjamin Barnard, of Yarmouth, obtained a block of five hundred acres, estimated, June 24, 1817, situat5d " in the Township of Wentworth, County of Annapolis," according to an indenture conveying one half of said tract from said Benjamin Barnard to Thomas B. Tooker, of Yarmouth, for fifteen pounds consideration. This title is dated September 16, 1818, and registered in Record Book commencing 29th March, 1817, and ending May 17, 1823, found Jn County Re'jistrar's Office, Weymouth. This block lies just north-west of Carlutou River, west of highway. Daniel VVyman, Mariner, purchased of John Kelly, September 1, 1821, a lot adjoining New Inlet, bounded nortn by Jones Grant previously described, and south by home- stead of John Cann, who then resided thereon. ■><■ y .-/. ■ • \ •I-. : • ■• . i'.''.<.•<.'.■ i' • ■jCV.r-'.^'X ^; .- ».■■;;-' <^Y-' • ■•';'^-.t:;-. "■£ •.' .^.'ji 75 ^•■'■ I' mi 4.^ ^^"■^^^•■^V'. - ■ ■■< ^.t.^^;•-..;-:■ ^V'' ■■-'."' '■ 138 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY Daniel McAlpine, who lived in 180G on the h\n(l of Juines 0. K. Gfttes, south of Sisaibou River, and just west of cross roacT leading across Gates' Bridge over that River, — took possession in 1822 of an extensive block in New Tusket, north of Meteifhan River. Messi-s. Patrick Nowhin, Thomas Hankinson, Senior, Reuben Hankinson, Junior, Robert Hankinson, and Elijah McConnell obtained on apportionment of one thousand acres in lots of two hundred acres each, which included farms of John G. Nowlan, George H. Nowlan, George B. Sabean, John Doucet, Peter Mullen, Junior, David Mullen, Junior, Jovite Doucet, Benjamin Placide, Theophile and Joseph L. Gaudet, George Prime, Senior, and Stepnen Prime were granterl the farms now owned by George Prime, Junior, Benjamin S. Prime, Stephen P. Sabean, Peter Nicols and heii*s of late Simon D. Sabean, Junior. David Mullen, Senior, James Mullen, and others who subsequently settled in New Tusket were alloted their respective homesteads by Government. Besides these the farms of Philip B. Jones, Elisha P. Jones, Clement C. Tedford, were conveyed to Peter Grant, of Weymouth. The Block east of Post Road now Homesteads of Henry C. Sabean, Jr., and his son Hartley, was conveyed by the Crown to Alphens Jones, Land Surveyor. James Manzer, Nathaniel Payson, Sarah Sabean, consort of Henrj'^ Charlton Sabean, Sr., Jacob Sabean, William Payson, Willoughby Sabean, Sr., and James Licet, drew the areas on both sides of main Highway, extending from Homsteads of Henry Charlton Sabean, Sr., and the Rabbit Road southerly to northern Line of tract conceded to Isidore Thibaults, Aug. 23rd, 1841, which is bounded southerly by a Grant to Henry Greene, Jr., Clement Melancon, Anselm Theriault, Luc Babin, Cyriacque Melancon, Pierre Melancon, 'Mathurin McCullough, Germain Corporon, FrMeric A. Robicheaud as well as Alexis Saulnier and some later settlers in Corberie, drew legal titles to their respective holdings. V/e will next notice that James Payson, Haines and Samuel McConnell, John Sprague, and William Payson secured the valuable Meadow and Mill Privilege On Seven Pence Ha' penny Branch, in rear of Grant to Manzer and others, already described. Others, both English and French, have Secured Grants of more or less extensive areas, but 'limited space forl>ids further enumer- ation under this head. Turning to the history of settlements in 1809, Robert Barr, son of Captain Henry Lebarre or Barr, located on farm in Harlem, now owned by George Livingston. The French had settled along the Line between Digby and Clare through Ohio, d ■I *' »*'j .!'• i „ in \ I - OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBV. 13S western sections on that highway, opening the road before them. The Township Line Roa.;k.' ■"^Xi]S'^ . ■■^^tS'< • f ^. f'- ..■.;2W.'-T:..; ■^:yi'ik'J ' ■ f^'.''' . .■..•-■" • . '' " - . ' *' ■ i". V . ,,\ f ."-•'• . , ".-J .•^■. •. '■'■--..';-■,•' - . ■; .:^>^; .■'- .,,". ^v,'. ,;-■., ■ : -^fi-f-^C^i. ^ urn ■ L '■^■'^U-'.<,- ' ^ K,'.T"';v.! /ti^ .<:-,•.; * ^* , - • . A*.^ k , - V , r'A .. -■■/.- . '• >■*-■.- V>i' V'/'"v',-a''.: - -,-■-■'•!»■'-" "■''■. ■ y ' 1 : ' : ■ '. - 'i, • '•i--! v* ■■; ■^ ■-■,*;y.^- years Inter by bis father, William Thomas, Jr., a son of Captain William Thomas the Loyalist. Messrs. Durlaiul anil Lewis settled there. The Lewis Settlement lying a short distance east of Kinne}'- towii, was colonized in IS22 by Jeremiah Grant, Abrah»m Lewis, Stephen Melancon and others. The latter built a Saw Mill on Gilbert's Creek about year 1843. James Manzer, Sr., was an early resident. In religious, educational, and other public enter- prises it is connected with the shore district of Gilbert's Cove and Kinney town. The Second Division of Clare was colonized in 1818 by Athanase A. Gaudet son of Isidore, Grantee of Lot No. 2G given on page 41, who nmrried and removed thither from the shore. Dominique Melancon, brother of Amand ; Jean Baptiste, Pierre and Francis LeBlang, brothers, soon followed. The Third Division was founded in 1853 by Charles Anselm Comeau who then built on .south side of the Hoad opened by General Sessions in 1830 from St. Mary's* Bay to " Wentworth Settlement," called the " Thibedeau Road " which enters Corberie just south of the Catholic Chapel. His house is yet standing near the corner at Joseph R. Comeau'.s. Mark Thibedeau settled in 1862 some distance further east, on north side of Road just named. Gatien Thibault, Sr., and Joseph A. Boudreau opened a Road from Thibaudeau's northeasterly towards Sears Mullen's home in New Tusket, and settled thereon. The former lived where his .son Jovite resides; and Mr. Boud»eau still occupies his premises in the vicinity. _ - The Mills at Lower Falls of Sissiboo River had been sold by Gouldsbury and Bunnell before 1795 to Stephen Jones, Esq., of Weymouth; and in 1820 were owned by William and John McConnell, who rebuilt them on somewhat larger scale. This enterprise, however, proved unfortunate for one of these owners. In May, 1820, as William McConnell .son of Elijah, was working on dam spanning the river, the portion under him suddenly collapsed, when he fell into the current and was drowned. An En<»lishman named Joseph Sentell afterwards assumed manage- ment, bringing some foreign help. Among these were Andrew Kerrigan and John Broadhurst, Irishmen, who came with Sentell from St. John, New Brunswick. In 1822, Daniel Mc Alpine built a camp on his lot in New Tusket, intending to make a clearing and remove thither at V- 1 Mil lu .. OF THE COUNTY OF DIG BY. 141 an early day. Kerrigan also built a cainp satno year in tho present fieUl just south of Amos Barr's rt'siuence. These were the e.arliest hubitatiuns in New Tusket School Section. District ot* Claro. On November 12th, 1823, Mr. Robert Sabean, Sr., a son of Benjamin Sabean and grandson of Jeremiah Sabcan, pioneer of Sissiboo, accompanied by his partner and twochililnm ; Mr. Elisha Prime, Sr., with his wife aud two offsprings ; an«l Mr. George Prime, Sr., his consort and throe children — both sotis of Michael Prime, Sr., and half-brothers of Michael Priiiie, Jr., Loyalists settled at Freep(»rt — founded a colony in southern end of same School Section, over one and a half miles south of McAlpine's camp, and more than a mile and a quarter from that of Kerrigan. Following the highway from old Sissiboo Bridge near Thomas Mildon's Homestead, they travelled the Road up .south side of Sissiboo River to New Tusket Road, then called the "Back Road from Sissiboo to Yarmouth." Thii had been chopped out to Sabean's store and cross-tiled in 1820, where ne- ce.ssary under a Grant of forty pounds by the Legislature in 1819. Those people experienced great difficulty in journeying by this partially construc^-^d highways — now rising a formidable hill, literally covered with stones, then descending suddenly into a low morass filled with mud and water, which with one or two narrow ridges, extended nearly two miles before them. Beyond, was an uninviting and even barren plateau — all to be passed before the approaching nightfall. They had two waggons, each drawn by one pair of oxen. The first contained three families, while supplies and implements were placed in the other. Both teams were no^w required to convey the emigrants and immediate necessaries. Hence obliged to leave the baggage vehicle, they plodded amid anxiety and inspired by fond hopes, as rapidly as circumstances permitted, till the farm now occupied by Benjamin S. Prime was reached. Here they paused and occupied a log house two years conjointly. In dud course, the freight cart was safely brought by the two teams mentioned. Next spring, 1824, Daniel McAIpine settled on his tract now owned by Alfred S Mullen. Those were earliest Caucasian inhabitants of New Tusket Sections. November 18th, 1824, Mr. Patrick Nowlan recently from Erin's fair isle, became premier resident in Have- lock Section, about a mile south of last colony. He located on farm now owned by his son, John G. Nowlan, Postmaster. The earliest birth occurred same day. This child was a son of George and Susanna Prime, a brother of Benjamin S. and George Prime, Jr. He was named " Robert Charlton." Robert Sabean having drawn a lot in Rosedale Section three miles further .south, and made a clearing thereon, removed in 1825 to the field immediately if: W'-e-- 1 • ''•,ki- *;■■ ■5 142 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY ^: < t. >. * -• .(AW;';'- r -■ <'.v»v^" ■.'-■■ ■'*■ ■*.■*'> ^.'.V- *• '- • -.*•' ^TV'^-' ■• :■ •" > v>''. ■* •.-■■>VK:^. north of Henry C. Sabeun's Hotuesteafl. Elishu Priiuo then located, under simihir circumstances, on his lot, which Barnard a son possesses. George Prime was now sole occupior of the primeval alx) le. In 182G, Mr. Henry Charlton Suhean, Sr., a brother of Robert, settled on Haines Saboan's farm, west side of highway, which had been opened in 1825 to foot of Corporon's Hill, where West Branch of Tusket River crosses the second time. John Mullen, Sr., stepson of Deacon David Shook, and his sons David and James, soon followed. They had lived on farm now owned by Charlton Mullen, son of James. The former settled on the Peter Gi-ant lot now occupied by Philip B. Jones and others ; David where his son James Whitfield lives; James on farm adjoining to the south, occupied by his nephew George Mullen. Aaron Sabean and Simeon D. Sabean, Sr., two otlier brothei-s of Robert and Henry Charlton, Sr., removed to Tusket Valley. The former at first lived wh«5re Aaron Sabeon, Jr., resides ; but soon sold to John Alridc and built where his son Stc^>hen lives. Simon occupied farm Thomas W^. Jones owns. Their father, Benjamin Sabean, Sr., joined the little colony of children ehoofiing the present residence of Kinsman, I. Mullen. Peter Mullen, Sr., another .son of John, lived, many years on Homestead of his eldest son Sears. Among the ten thousand Loyalists who reached Port Roseway during 1783 was Edward Green, Sr. After most of those people abandoned that projected emporium Mr. Green removed to Clare, and from thence to Green Cove, on south side of Sissiboo River and suinewhat east of old Digby and Yarmouth Po.'t Road. He married Mai-ijaret Finlav while living in Shelburne. Most of the children settled in Digby or Clare. Henry was a worthy citizen of Barton. James ^married S.arah, daughter of Willoughby Sabean, Sr , lived a few years on the modern Langford farm at Weymouth Falls ; and in 1835 settled in RosedaTe, New Tusket, on land south of Paysun Meadow Road, now ownoi' by his graivl children. The St. John. N. B., City Gazette of July 30th. 1817, recorded that the sliip Trafalgar, Captain Welborn, went ashore on north . side of Brier Island duiing a dense fog. This was on 28th of previous May. She was bound to Upper Canada with a colony of emigrants from the Counties of Middlesex, Kent, Leicester, and Sussex, in England. Four of those, Richard Stalling, Sr., father of George Stalling. Esq., of Digby ; John A. Hill, Sr. ; John'R. Lightfoot, M.D., also of Digby ; and John Ingles, husband . of Mrs. Ingles, afterwards murdered on the Dalhousie Road in Annapolis County by one Gregory, who was hanged at Annapolis for the crime, remained in this Province. In 1829, Mr. John 5 1 ■I i • !•■'.,' ■ , ■1 ' 1 » ,■ IliJ i ""1 f. i or THE COL'XTV OF DiaUY. 143 Adam Hill, having meanwhile rcsicled in soveml other «liHtnctH of the County, fiuftlly located on lot one mile east of New Tnski't Road, now occupied by Stephen Mullen, becoming f()un? ^ '.'"■Vr-' .'■■■'-J fc ■rf^\;v'-"j;''-. ■ ' '„'•: ^. rv::4^W- ;••:• ^t:f ■•'■T--'"v.""' ..',.-Vr'^':'V.. ■ •••'■iViCv': ■ " '••v' 'c ■ ^^ • ^v^,b^■,:;>- - ■)';i;;^ f^B^^- -r"-' ■ 1 • ;-^■-■.^ '.•...*«' ,: . . ; (■•.••■■ V '■* ;"'■■''■•■■"•. 5-4 ■ k .-■^w;.,-? ,-, V .■■■ V '.■.■;.•'. /< ': i* 1 ^B^^^ifti V-A \ • ,f- ^K-^i *•■ 1 ■j-ft'-;--^. •.- V Sr; ■ '■■^' " ^ ^^^•1"',': './-■" t H ' ' ■ »«•';« ^jJV' ^^m" *■ T, 144 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY Wame resides ; Carter Bell, Sr., on land of William H. Marshall * Samuel T. Bacon where Peter Therianlt lives ; James M. Roop, Sr, on farm of his grandson, James M. Roop, Jr., all in latter village. In 1828 and 1S29, John Heavyside, an enterprising lumber merchant of St. John, New Brunswick, utilized the mills at First Falls of the Sissiboo in furthering that valuable industry. He introduced as employees Messrs. William Hassett, Senior, Edward Coyle, John Hogan, Maurice McBride, Senipr, James Mockler, John Brophy, Own McCullom, James O'Brien, Thomas Finley, Jeffery Mockler, Michael Woods, John O'Brien, James Power, Nicholas Ennis, John Alride, Edward Doyle, Andrew Ford, Sr., William Hogan, Richard Mockler, John McBride, Senior, and Edward Eagan. He made extensive improvements in the estab- lishment and appointed William Ha?se.tt, Foreman. The lumber was procured largely from head of Sissiboo River and neighbor- hood. At one time .some of the^.e men reached a stream which they thought was North East Branch of the Sissiboo, Finding they were incorrect, some Civlled the newly discovered waters, *' Mistake River." The road on north bank of Sissiboo was now completed, and became the highway traversed by these lumber- men while in Heavy.side's employ. John and James O'Brien settled on this thoroughfare. William Htvssett married Margaret, daughterof Daniel McAlpine,and settled on farm southof Meteghan River, New Tusket, now owned by his eldest son Jaines ; Finley on land of Isaac H. Prime ; Doyle on that where James Ilassett lately resided ; Alride on Aaron Sabean's land ; Woods on that next south ; Power lived opposite George Prime, Jr. ; Ford where his son Andrew lives ; Coyle on land now owned by James A. McGray ; while Jerome Cromwell, a colored man and former slave, became resident of the property south of Theophile Gaudet's owned by Euijene Oakes of Weymouth. John Hogan, Edward Eagan and William Hogan afterwards located at Weymouth Bridge. , ^ The others built habitations around Forks of the Sissiboo and near Mistake River, which flows into the former west of Upper Falls on land of Charles W. Wagoner. The Mistake Settlement, which extends southerly from Wagoner's Corner, Sissiboo Road, crossing that River near its mouth, was founded by Maurice McBride, Sr., who domiciled on land at present owned by his son William. Some of the Mocklers lived further south. Irish Settle- ment lies south of Mistake River, east of Mistake Settlement, and west of Doucette or French Settlement. John Brophy was a pioneer of Irish Settlement. His homestead is owned by U I' I'- .St In ! P*-^|^^ i' li-i rv U I-. .:^' OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBY. 145 descendants. Highways were soon opened through each of these hamlets. heavyside's men except Abide, were emigrants from *' Land of Erin " to St. John, New Brunswick. It is related Alride was born at Gibralter. Most of them were enterprising, and some became wealthy and influential. John Hogan was commissioned a Justice of the Peace, di.scharged its delicate duties satisfactorily. Their progeny are generally useful citizens. They possessed some educational a and the latter in Cheticamp. Francois Bourneutt' and Louis Bonafant, Senior, from France, also removed to Clare. Corberic was foun- » 'X'.'..' ! •' ','>■■'•-•.•; -■Kr ^ 146 GEOGRAPHY' AND HlSTOaY General Election, Simon D'Entremont was chosen nicuiber for Township of Arfjyle. The latter was first Acadien seated in a. pAvliament of the Maritime Frovinoes. It happened at com- mencement of Session held in winter of- 1837. Mr. Robicheau was then prevented by illness from attending ; but took his scat Feb. 121st, 1S38, at opening of Second Convocation, through Digby County had meanwhile been elected ; as the Messrs. Holland and Robichenu were nevertheless considered as representing the ancient County during term of that Parliament. This was first "Quadrennial Legislature in Nova Scotia. It njay be here remarked that Amari'' " > idry earliest French member in New Brunswick Assembly va> Jeeted for Westmorland County in JStG. In Lower Car da n- w Quebec, and possibly Upper Canarla, Fs'ench •citizens hao. l,..rP cliosen Representatives from inception of its Parliament in 1791. Possiblv Newfoundland had also chosen some of that race to their Parliaments. Southville, then named Duck Pond, was founded ir* 1827, by Mr. Gilbert Cossett, son of Lewis G. Cosset, Senior, of Cunth's •Cove, who had lived a short time south of Sissiboo River, lodged on northeast side of Amirault or Little Meteghan Lake. The site is now owned by William H. Sabean, Esq. Mr. Cossett first built a log house. William Graham followed about 18-34, locating on farm ndw owned by Stephen Steele. He was followed in «.utumn of 1835, by Davi : ;■..;•/' • ' ■ ' i' , '■ •> '■ 1 ■* . : ■} li . V '; p-h m i^'i',' if ■ U«i THE COUNT V OF OF DIG BY. 147 Another early settler was Charles Greene, Senior, a son of Ey Harvey Lewis, his immediate descendant. • The fine timber covering these regions coupled with good -agricultural and lumbering, facilities, attracted emigrants. They lost no time in clearing, seeding, and otherwise improving their valuable possessions. While awaiting opening of projected High- ways, they were compelled to carry provi.sions and other necess- aries through the woods, since the ascent of Sissiboo River in boats over or east of Lower or First Falls is impossible. That was laborious, difficult and tedious. Among early improvements, were erection of houses, mills, and other necessary buildings. William Hassett and John Alride of New Tusket, built earliest Saw Mill in these vicinities during 1S39, on north side of South- ville Road, nearly opposite Joseph Cromwell's house. It was afterwards sold to Stephen Steele and John McAlpine. Some ten years after its erection, fire destroyed the frame ; but some parties rebuilt. David Sabean assisted by Jereome Cromwell of New Tusket, reared one in 1840 where W. H. Sabean'^ Mill stands. After three years this was superseded by anothei. W. H. Sabean erected a third more recently on same privilege. The first Portable Steam Rotary Mill for manufacturing lum'er, south -east of Sissiboo River was constructed in 1887 by G. D. Conipbell, merchant, of Weymouth Bridge, and Stephen Steele of Soi hville. The French Settlement was founded in 1830 by M. ; ivid Doucet of Clare, who located on farm of Alfred Doueet. In • consequence, the place was long known as " Doueet Settlement." Francis Thibault who had lived on the Robert Warner lot at Plympton, Thomas Saulnier and others speedily followed. Williani Mumford, a school teacher, received an allotment of land at corner of Road leading southwardly from < Dunbar's Corner, South Range, and settled at a point one and one quarter miles ■«outh of latter corner in spring of 1849. This is known as rti.< •u;r«"..y.;,. >-;.i''.v..y, -.^^- 1*1* »-r^ >■•>•.', ■' '.' . . ■•'■Vv':/i«,>!-' ;V^4y:f:-- .;>..\\;,r. ' iV:';'";.-,*'. ' W :••.'".■ ■^>i*i-ci •■', . -v- wL . ■ '- '»?' I'/W- ^J.T.C^-v!, '•. •t* ' B '[<^i_:'fH « ^Kv« ,_■.;•■ ■/^:. ^K ^ ^K- ■* ^H • \ ^^fc' -. ' l^!i ^^ •* 'Jl .■.Viv^l^^j'" ^K^' * ^ vv^ '"» > ^B :.'-rf fV V ; ^^B S 1 ^^ft.;' • 148 OEOORAPHY AND HISTORY. "* Siuinford Settlement." James Ffuight afterwnnls located on the hijrhway running east from Mumford's Corner, on land now. owned by Malcolm Sabean. The South Range Division of Hatfield Grant remained a- wilderness till 18S7, when Mr. William Zeiglor, son of Albert Zeigior, of Marshalltown, commenced a clearing on lands now owned by Samuel W. Zeiglor and Howard Marshall, Jr. On January 18th, 1831, he settled in a small dwelling which stood where Howard Marshall's residence is located ; but afterwards removed to the lot of his son Samuel. Joseph Marshall, Sr., a son of William Marshall, Sr., grandson of Anthony Marshall, and brother-in-law of William Zeiglor, removed there from Marshall- town, April 2, 1832, and took possession of the lot on which Zeiglor had built two years previous. In same year, Leonard Wilson, a brother of Robert Wilson, who lived on Digby Ridge, removed from Lot 23, Marshalltown, to the farm now belonging to Osgood Bell, which was subsquently occupied many years by his father, George Bell, a son of Eliab Bell, Sr., also of Digby Ridge ; James Holmes on farm of Herbert S. Marshall ; Robert L Van Tassell where William H. Porter ; ^Alexander Mallett, son of Solomon Mallett, earliest Ferryman across mouth of Bear River on land occupied by his son Thomas W. Mallett ; Asa Porter, Jr., son of Asa, Sr., who had lived some years west of Ethel Ring's farm in Barton, on farm owned by his progeny, celebrated for its tine orchard ; Marr Porter, brother of last named, on his farm ; B-.rnabas Mai-shall, formerly of Marshall- town and North Range, on farm of James E. 'Marshall ; Washington Dunbar, grandson of Joseph Dunbar the Loyalist, on his present residence, Joshua Porter and Benjamin Sandford were also residents in earlier years. The Highway from English Church, Barton, passing mouth of West Settlement, and intersect- ing North, Middle, South Range and Mumford Settlement Road, on the Line between Lots 33 and 34, was opened in 1828 from St. Mary's Bay to North Range Corner. The West Settlement or Thomas Road from Bell's Corner, Hill Grove, to last named Cross Road, was also surveyed and recorded. This was com- menced at West end. That from McNeill's Corner, North Range, to Mumford's Settlement, was afterwards laid out. .In 1833, Mr. Benjamin Wagoner, another son of John Christopher Wagoner, founded the community known as " W^agoner Settlement," on highway from Plympton, passing mouth of North Range, and aldo extending southwardly till it crosses South Range and Irish Settlement Roads, forming Mistake Settlement at its south end. Latter highway was begun at St. Mary's Bay and worke<^ mi '■ .1 ! |ii ■ '.^iit, ^ - OF THE COUNTY OF DlOltV. southerly, the whole being complete'■ n>?' 150 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY Mr. Enoch Mullen, Sr., a son of John Mullen, Sr., who became a citizen in year 1856. Adelbert C. Porter soon followed. Green Lame was first colonized by Edward VV. Green, son of James Green, Sr., in 18 — , on west side of Road, beino; nundier two of Willoughby Sabean Grant. Sigogne, a small hamlet south of Meteghan River, was founded in 1859 by Joseph Babin, late Deputy Sheriff. Probably no more dangerous nor destructive element than fire in its various forms, can be employed. Entire cities with hundreds of valuable lives, and infinitesimal amounts of property, have frequently been consumed in its desolating sway. Digby History -would be sadly incomplete, without narrating one of those dreadful scenes which visited Clare in its earlier years. The founders and their families had just acquired blessings of comfort and ease in their happy retreat. The summer of 1820 witnessed a protracted and excessive drought, which continued throughout the ninth month. About tenth of September, a fire commenced in a new clearing several miles east of Church Point. While the wind remained westward ly, no serious danger to the settlement along shore was apprehended. But the wind veereil ' eastwardly about the fifteenth, which drove the flames with terrific fury through fences, meadows and other combustibles, to dwelhngs and outbuildings, sweeping almost everything in its ruthless course. Vainly strove the dexterous and hard}' villagers to stay the fiendish monster, which sped impetuously and swiftly forward even threatening to s ay those off*ering feeblest resistance. Even the unlimited faith of that ever devotetl Champion, Abbe Sigogne, failed in this most trying ordeal. Before the prompt and zealous Pastor could light his Taper in the Chapel, the fiery serpent rushed to its very doors, even scorching, it is said, the hands of the Priest, as he retired hurriedly from the burning edifice, bear- ing the Parish Registers — the only surviving relic — to a haven of saiety About all the structures from Little Brook to residence of late Francois Bourneuf, Esq., afterwards M.P.P. for Digby County, a distance of four miles, were consumed, coniprising the Chapel, Vicarage, (but recently erected,) eighteen houses and twenty-three barns. The only building in its track which survived, was the dwelling of Anselra LeBlanc, which stood near the lake one half mile south of Church Point Chapel. Another house has since been erected on same olte, which is owned and occupied by his grandson, Isaic LeBlanc. Tradition relates that the water or spray blown from the lake on the house, providentially OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBY. \'^ ''■ > llr|' ' ■■nr ■ I p ' saved it from destruction. The fearful catastrophe was promptly reported in Halifax ; and on seventeenth of September, the following entry appears in the Minutes of Council : — " A very extensive and destructive fire having occurred on the borders of Annapolis and Shelburne Counties, Governor Kempt ordered that a Draft be drawn on the Treasury for three hundred Pounds,. for the relief of the inhabitants." He also sent them a quantity of Barrack blankets, rugs, shirts, beds, coat'*, worsted stockings, nails and window-glass. £100 were subscribed in Nova Scotm, New Brunswick, and the United States, for bcnetit of those destitute sufferers. While they were recovering from this dire calamity, a second simihir misfortune befell the southern part of same Township, then known as Beaver River. On September 25th, 1820, a fire in the open air for washing purposes, was kindled by some housewives in northern section of Yarmouth Township. As they were busy at work, the flames burned the soil, spreading amazingly, fanned by the rising and increasing wind, ran up the Bay at least six miles, but extending eastwardly only half a mile in breadth, consuming everything, ev?n the ground itself, leaving strata exposed to view. About four o'clock, in the afternoon, the inhabitants fled to a pond or small lake amid the intervale situated about two rods from the shore of Beaver River, east side of highway, where they remained nil moraiug. They were now protected by both wind and water. The dwellings of Daniel Raynjond, William Perry, John and Thomas Kelly, with all the barns on Digby side ot County line, together with Saw Mill owned by Josiah Porter, Daniel Raymond, Sr., Joseph Corning, Daniel Corning and others, also a Grist Mill owned by Thomas Trask, were totally consumed with all their contents. The residences of Jonathan Raymond, Josiah Porter, and John Perry were the only buildings north of Yarmouth line not destroyed. Several south of that line were also consumed. Providentially, no lives were lost in either instance. All the cattle in this case fell a prey to the devouring element. Happily, at midnight the wind ceased, and comparative ease followed. These afflicted farmers were now homeless and almost destitute of any means of subsistence. But the generosity of the charitable was promptly invoked in their behalf. Substantial assistance speedily arrived from various points. They were allotted an instalment from Government aid above mentioned. By those beneficent donations comfortable homes were provided for both Acadiens and English before winter commenced. Nevertheless,. many years of tod and sacrifice were required to place them in. , the favorable state they had previously reached. I y-. :••..-« I . > ii^.. :<'. ^teJi. ""■■'.J-.'. ytM' tl .•.•:.-■■«>• t " ■■'f-'-i--: ■\i'>.'^'-'.'.'i-- .•X.- x-i ■.•V"'V. • 152 GEOORAPHY AND HISTORY Ao exemplitication of the adventure and unrest which per- vaded the Loyalists may be found in the emigration to Canada and neighbouring countries that formed leading features ot earliest fout decades of this cenlury. The departure of George Wood front Marshalltown to Canada in 1790 has been already noted. At that early period, even before a Constitutional Government was introduced in either Province, and while the settlements founded in Upper Canada, now Ontario, by Loyalists and a few besides, were in their infancy, glowing accounts of its agricultural resources, especially' the immense yields of prime wheat, were transmittc which the Province was divided in year 1812. As Middlesex, comprising London District, is next to the last named, it had been reciMUly separated from Kent on the west. Honorable Thomas Parke, Surveyor General of the United Provinces, represented County of Middlesex ; while Town of London, now the City of that name, sent Honourahle Hamilton H. Killaly, Provincial Secretary. York County was then divided into four Ridings, or Districts, numbered First, Second, Third a\A Fourth ; Northumberland County into North and South Ridings ; tlaltou into East and West; Lincoln comprised North and South; tho City of Toronto as a whole, sent two members ; the Towns of Brockville, By town, now Ottawa, Cornwall, Hamilton, Kingston, London and Niagara, together with the foregoing Counties and Districts of Counties, one each — making the forty-two Represen- tatives chosen by the Upper Province. In Lower Canada, now .Quebec, the Cities of Quebec and Montreal sent two member!* each ; Sherbrooke and Three Rivers towns one each ; while the thirty-six Counties of Charuplain, Ottawa, Vaudreuil,Eeauharnois„ Verch^res, Richelieu, Sc. Hyacinthe, Megantic, Rouville, L'Islet,. Lotbiniere, Dorchester, Saguenay, St. Maurice, Rimouski^ Kamouraska, Missis'quoi, Sherbrooke, Drummond, Yaniaska, Gasp^, Bonaventure, Berthier, Quebec, Montreal, Montmorency', Portneuf, Nicolet, Bellechasse, Leinster, Terrebonne, Two Moun- tainr., Huntingdon, Charubly, Stanstead and Sheffonl, eucU returned one — making forty-two for Eastern Province; — and comprising a total of eighty-four in the House of As.sembl\-. Augustin Cuvillier, member for Huntingdon, was unanimousj v chosen Speaker ot the House, an-"'-"'' \ . . . V ." ■ -,-■■- .l-.^i^^^'^ J,. ^, - 1 ' ■ ■'l ' ' ' •'■ ','■: ■•- ^i,:fe- l.u aE(KJRAI»HV AND HisTOKV .sxiicliun. In 1844, Eiuri.on for Town of London. In 184<», Honourahle William H. Dmper, Avtornoy Genonil for Canada West and joint Premier, was returned for London, to till a vacancy. John Wilson was chosen in 1847 to succeed Draper. At Ceneral Election in 184S ; William Notman for Middlesex County ; John Wilson for London. Ft)ur years later, Crowell Wilson was chosen for the County, and Thomas C. Dixon for the Town. In 1854, the County of Eljjfin had been established ; comprehen)t- i!^. OF THK COUNTY 0^' DIOMV, 155 Tt'.sideiits of New Tiiskct. Saimiel Dv-veault opuned u Hotul on •east coiiu'r of Waj^onev Suttleinont iJoad, which h»! stistaiiu'd many yeav.i. Eusebe Melancoii lived in ^\'agonel• Setth'nient, wlieru W biiilt a hug*' Saw Mill nearly forty years ni,'o. In IVirton am! IJrighton also, .some l»eeame citizens. Jovite ('lanting Francois Mallett, Timothy Comeau, T'liarles Robicheau and others, located on lands forn'ierly liel.l by English at Lower Rosway, Waterford, and elsewhere on Digby Neck and the Lslands. In fine, the LisL of Electors for memlier of the J louse of Commons ontained in 1890, names of four French voters in Killsbtn-li Polling District ; twenty-two in Marshalltown ; four iji Digby including one non-resident ; five in Sandy Cove ; three in Freejiort ; one hundred and ten in Vlympton ; ont^ '^ach in Tiverton and CuUoden ; sixty-seven in Weymouth ; an three in Little River — being two hundred and twenty descendants of Aeadien pioneers tlieti living in Phiglish Sections of ' the County. At same time, the portions of Clare originally peopled by F'rench including Corberie in Tusket Valley, contained but fiftv Electors not French of whom e'luht were in St. Bernard ; six in Church Roint ; fifteen in Meteglian River ; eleven in Salmon River; and ten in Meteghan. Several Capitalists belonging to Weymouth or Yarmouth, were also pursuing mercantile business at Belliveaux Cove, Meteghan and Salmon River, being enrolled as Voters there, though residing in other districts. Th^ disparity between English residing in Acadian Villages and French living among the British, is therefore very marked — amounting in proportion to only four and two-fifths of the former to eighteen and three-fifths of latter. Hence, the French are apparently improving every opportunity to extend their settlements, and striving vigorously to occupy portions of each community, irrespec- tive of the race, creed or language of their future neighboui.-.. Bnt one instance of Earthquake alarmed the people of tliis County. We are informed that on May 22nd, 1817, just before sunrise, three shocks weie felt at Digby and other placeg in the Province. They all occurred within fifteen minutes and were accompanied by a rumbling sound like thunaer. Houses were shaken, furniture moved and the inhabitants aim rued. At Digby and Annapolis they were most severe. • T fe ■ r* ' ''■ ',— ' 150 f>E(KiK.\IMIY AXI» HISTMUY CHAITKR XV. ViHiT Oh G(>VKitNoii Sii: J.vMF.s Kkmi't to DrcHY — Stkvm COMMINICATDX WITH AXNAI'OI.IS AND St. .ToIlN, X. li. — Loss OF P\(;K?rr CAROLrxK— DionY CoI'nty Kstaiu.iski) — Hiu.sHritGH Axi» WnvMorTii Townsiui's Dhfinko. Digby was hujioiiicd with other Towns of the I'lovincr by occa.^ioiml visits of Governors and other ])nblic dignitiuics. Sir James Kempt, who succeeded Sir John C. Sherbrooke in 18*20 as Kind's representative, made a tonr of the western sections, including Digby and Yarmouth. Loyalty aitl enterprise were foremost in the reception of this di.stinguished visitor. Addresses and other tokens of confidence and aflection were cheerfidly bestowed and graciously reciprocated. Were aiiytliiug needed to cement more closely the ties uniting people of the County with their sovereign, tliis occasion unmistakeably accomplislied tlie desired end. P^very thing, however, 1) "1 been most harmonious since commencement of ninetieth century. Should the clfort to obtain an extended record of these demonstrations succeed, thev will appear hereafter. Two mail, j assengcr and freight Packets had constantly plied l)etween St. John, Xew Brunswick, Digby and Annapolis since settlement of Loyalists. The Sally, Captain John I'cyea. < i;u- tiured her trips when possible. "The Mary Ann, Robert Tiunbull, commander, also prosecuted that business at same time. These madr voyages both ways every week ;hen circumstances per- mitted. The Matilda about 1814 ceased following her route. After close of war in 1815, the sloop Ilairin, Captain Wiley, owned by William Taylor, also sailed between Digby and St. John as a Packet. One of the first privileges enjoyed by the shire town was mail communication weekly with Halifax by way of Annapolis. A "courier" left the Capital each ^londay at 2 o'clock in the afternoon for the west and on following Wednesday reaclred Kentville. Here the courier who left Digby at same time in caro of James Paxter, arrived. Mails were exchanirtHl ; and each returned to his home conveying safely whate\-'r was received. Kiding priraitrily on horse back they carried the mails in saddle bags. Mv liaxter having died at an early date, Colonel David. I'* h ifj " P ! OF THE CorXTY OF IHOIIY. 157 Faniiiiig succeeiliHl to the Couricrship. . A Stago Coucli iiccom'Klut- ing passeiigMM, was sulHtitututl lator. Since tho Tostal Sjrvico was then under Imperial contrt>l, it is very difticult to procure particuhirs coucorning the business of that Department previous to 184:i, when its direction was transferred to Colonial nmnage- ment. As before intimated, any Acadien ha])pcning t(» travel l)etween Digby and Yarmouth, was entrusted with the very inconsiderable ]iackage of letters passing on that route. All mail matter for Yarmouth from Halifax and vice versa, weve conveyed by another carrier between those points, who journed by the South or Atlantic Shore. In 1810 a new arrangement was inaugurated on the Yarmouth and Digby Line. Following completion of Post Itoad between these towns Mr. Jesse Wyman, of Yarmouth, was employed as earliest Courier. He at first conveyed the matter on horseback in coat pocket, leaving each person's share at his door. When necessary a saddle bag was used as on the road towards Halifax. The Yarmouth mail was forwarded once per week for a long time. During same year, Mr. Lemuel Morehouse, son of James Morehouse the Loyalist, accei>ted a Contract to dairy mails weekly between Digby and Westport. He also left each person's part at his residence. About close of last century, Martin Blackford a fisherman living in Sandy Cove, frequently followed liis avocation around Petite Pas3age. Finding large quantities in the vicinity, he soon removed to east side of the Passage, south of highway, and near head of the .Landing. In 1804, the General ■Sessions granted him a License to run a Fen-y across Petite, on payment of Clerk's Fee ; also a Tavern License gratis, as subsidy for attending the Ferry. He was allowed to charge each passenger •one shilling sterling, equal to twenty-five cents. After death of ■this first Proprietor, his son Authomy, then Joseph, youngest son of Martin, Israel another son, also, Charles Outhouse, David Scott, Henry Alline Blackford, and his son Byron, the present owner, have successfully served as Ferrymen. George Morrell, son of Eobert Morrell, commenced a Ferry across Grand Passage. This has remained among his progeny. Willian Morrell, now in charge, has been in the service many years. About 1835, the Imperial authorities opened a "VVay Office at Westport, and appointed Joseph Bancrbft, of Rosette, Aniiajioli.^' poiinty, ^Vay ; Office Keeper. Jeremiah S. Everett, son of James' Everett of Sissiboo, kept a House of Entertainment at Fverett Settlement, now Plympton ; Captain Cosman another at Weymouth ; M. Belliveau at Belliveau's Cove ; and a man named Phillips at Beaver River., On Digby Xeck and the Islands, James Morehouse .11 ^ ^. «l«Mh ifaii,.gjU If' It . '^ >. .>. ■ - i" ". . 158 (ii.O(;UAI'ilV A.Vn HISTOHY nt Cciitevillu (.Nmu'r, aiiil Iluhhaixl Dtiviii on niier IsIuikI, nUo ticcoiuinodiited tmvellors. In 1835 a I'ost Oflicu was fouiuKMl on east side of Sis.sil>oo IJiver, Colin CiunplK'll, Ksq., son of the grantee of Xcw Kdiuburgli bearing that name, lioing n|)|toiiitC(I Postinnster. It was named " Weymouth," anul wan kept in the house now occui>ied hy Ix>uis Bonnafant, on eastern side of old Tost Road, next north of Exhibition BuiUling at juni'tion of Faulkner lload from Weymoutli Bridge with that highway. Anselm F. Comean, M.IM*., became Postmaster for Clare. Thi.s office was placed in house now occtipied by Guillaume (William) M. Melancon at Church I'oint. These with those in Uigby and New Edinburgh were only mail offices erected in the County by Imperial Decrees. James Timpany a son of Mnjor Robert Tinipany, superseded Morehouse as Contractor, After many years service, Wyraan also retired and Ambrose McCormick of Digby, who was landlord of a Hotel on site of present " Ilfjyal," became his successor. In 1844, semi- weekly Coachc carrying mails and passengers, were placed on Digby and Yai mouth line ; also from Digby to Westport. Xo Post Iloutes had yet traversal the interior, except that the Courier to and from Kentville, proceeded through Westville, Acacia Valley, Lansdowne and Bear River. But tiiis was soon materially shortened by transference to new road from Annapolis via road through farm of Samuel Harris to Clementsport, West Clements, crossing Ferry at Halib'it Eddy to Soulis' and Smith's Coves ; thence passing over Chute's Bridge at HoUingshead Creek, following south side of Grand Joggiri, entering Annapolis Post Itoad at Sypher's Corner, and from thence to Digby by this primary highway. Meanwhile, the invention of steam as a propeller, had founded a new ere in commerce and travel. In 1807, Robert Fulton of Pennsylvania, had built and successfully navigated tiie first st.'am- boat called Clermont. Under management of the own* i-, she performed her maiden voyage from New York to Albany, about one hundretl and fifty miles in thirty-six hours. .Tames AVatt born in Greenock, 1736, invented the double-acting, condensing Steam Engine, and applied it to machinery. He died in 1819. In 1809, Hon. John Molson launched in Montreal the Arvommo- dation, earliest steamer built in Province of Quebec. Noveniber 1st, she left there on her first trip, and reached (Quebec on morning of 4th. Henry Bell of Helensburgh, Scotland, in 1812 started on the Clyde, premier steamboat in Europe. The Fvontenac, earliest propeller in Ontario, had been launched at Ernestown in I*: '^ '• ' |i,« iirj = I OF THE COUNTY OF DUiRY. 15«> 181G. February 12th, in same year, an ailvertisemcnt of earliest steamboat in New Brunswick tir^t appeared in Royal Gazdlf of that Province, to be run between St, John anil Fredoricton. Sho was named the General Sf/iiJh, owned by Joliii Ward, Sr., a Loyalist and member of the Provincial Assembly for St. John County from 1800 to 1820— Pt. Smith, Huyh Johnston, Ward's colleague in the Assembly and Pe^ m- Fraser a member for County of Northumberland. She enfered upon the route 1 Ith of following April. Wednesday, July, 1827, the Sa'n.t John, schooner-riggeil, with foresail, mainsail and jib, owned by Proprietors of the? General Smyth, became fiist cr^ft driven by steam which crossed the Bay of Fundy, entered Annapolis Basin and anchored in Digby. All was curiosity, anxiety, and feverish expectancy. The Inferipr Court of Common Pleas being in Session, adjourned an hour to in-^pect her. She proceeded to Annapolis returning in due time. She made weekly trips that year witlwut asking Government aid. February 18th, 1828, Thomas Chandlei* Halliburton, member for Annapolis County, presented to Provincial Assembly a Petition from her owners, soliciting an. Annual Cash Subsidy, to assist in running a steamer from Annapolis to St. John. In response, one hundred and fifty p(>unds per annum fur five years were granted— -provide ■ the steamer made regular voyages for seven months of the year, and that the owners run a good sailing vessel remainder of the time — carrying mails the entire period. This appropriation was payable in yearly instal- ments after completion of fuil annual service. In 18.30, Janics Whitney, another enterprising St. John shipowner, applied to the Nova Scotia Legislature for aid to build a larger boat to su[)plant the Saint John. Referred to Messrs. Stewart of Cumberland C(.»., J. Young of Sydney, and Johnston of Annapolis County, to consider and report thereon, December I9th, 18)30, they subinitte«l following deliverance ;. "The Commntee on Petition of James Whitney for aid to- enable him to build a new Steam Boat of greater power than that which now runs between St.^John and Annapolis, rejiort that the Petitioner has received from this Province annually for last three years £150 as a compensation to him for carrying His Majesty's mails from Annapolis to 3t. John ; and the committee have been informed that the prei>ent Boat is very deficient in the re([uisite power to navigate the Bay of Fandy, especially in the spring an HISTOIIV desirable Hcqiiisitioii to Nova Scotia, as whatever tends to facilitate the intercourse l»etween this Province and other countries, cainot l»e other llian a proper ol)ject of Legishitive encouragement- -the coraniittce therefore reconnnend the ])rayer of the Petitioner to the favourable consideration of the House. At the same time, the Committee being aware that in the ]>rehfent state of the Provincial Funds, but little aid could be given the Petitioner consistently with clue atterition to other just claims upon the l*rovince, do not specify any ]»articular sum to be granterl, l)ut submit the amount to wisdom of the House. Whatever sum may be gninted, we think should be conditioned that the Parliament of New Brunswick shall grant sawi amount, — our jiart to be paid only till after the proposed P»oat runs one season at least." All of which is humbly submitted. ALEXANDEK STEWART, JOHN YOUNG, JOHN JOHNSTON, " Coniruitiee lioom, House of Assetubly, Halifax, Nova Scotia, ])ecember 17th, 1830.' ico ht m ittee. The Assend^ly continued former allowance and Whitney built the Henrietta, which commenced her trips April 1st, 1831 instead, of the former. The Maid of the Mist succeeded her in 1833. Xext year the Gazelle performed the daty. In summer of 1830, the Roi^al Tar occupied this route. She also ran from the city of St. .lohn to P»oston, Massachusetts, being first steamer plying between, Annapolis, Digby, St. John and Boston. On 25th of October, 183G, the Royal Tar was burned in I'enobscot Bay under extremely distressing circumstances. She had left St. John on Iriday the 21st manned by a crew of twenty-one men, and liaving on board seventy-two pas.sengers — ninety-three in all. Uesides these, a caravan of fine animuls owned by :!te menagerie lately exhibited in New lirunswick and Nova Scotia ; also an omnibus, horses, wagons, and other valuables were on board. Detained successfully at East])ort, Eittle River, and Machias Bay }>y boisterous weather, they wer«i again compelUd to anchor while orossin" Penobscot I>av. Fire was soon after discovered over the boilers, caused, as was then stated, by dearth of water thei-eiu. Sixteen cruel persons, immediately jtrocured what baguage could be conveniently taken, jdaced it with themselves |i| \\\<^ bilges^ boat and ileserted fhrir peril-str'n-lcn feUov><, intfiitiiuy liomea HISTOKV Z.^^^n"^ ,*"""''^- '"'" ''"'•<''"'<■ n sailing l-„cket owned l,v Jan.e8 Crowley, sou of Tin.othy C. Couley who livel " itbv ciiartered hy Wlituey to cany the mails ■ii winter season^ at, .fine Saturday 3he left Di.d.y with fourteen on board- ^e U-iu imssengers, an,l considerable freight. ISefore reach ° I! dest,„at,ou, the wind chau,ed suddenly and drove ht 1 he Bayof luudy to Islean.v Haute, where she stranded on hov 1 he following Stanzas, oonifmsed by a retired ,ea e ill , very pothetically the u.elanchoiy ci.'^unlstat'ces-!: "''"'"• "-■'"'"' LIHES 111 yoiithful days, with jjay delight, 1 tauglit the harp to sing Of love and beauty, joy anrl nurth ;— I touched the vocal stiinir. But age, hke vvinttT, now takes phice— Full sixty years an; fled ; The funows show it on niy cheek • The frost upon my head. To scenes more recent I attend— The scene whicli late has passed. Of storms and death within mv view ;— And that destructive blast That wrecked the fatal Cavon ,u-, Witfi passengers and crew, And buried alllmneath the waves— My tlioughts still now pursue. On the Seventeenth of December, This vessel (\u\ set sail ' ^\^ P'^^'-^' *''''^' '"'^'^'^ ''''^' belonged. VV ith passc'-gers and mail. Bound for St. John, Xew Bninswick. ^ Her duty to ])eiform, Under a fair and easy breeze, Kor dread approaching storm. \-\ 'f .»" \t . , . i I*' ( ■ ( V:* h ■ OF THE COUXTV OV DiOBY. Five seaman bold make up the crew To guide her o'er the tide ; And passengers, there's nine on hoard, — They safely seemed to ride. Now parting from their nearest friends And all they held most dear, And eagerly tlieir couvse pursued, — Nor seemed there cause for fear. Five hours they piied a steady course, For still the wind was light ; — At four o'clock in th' afternoon They brought the Tort in sight. Sad omen at this time of year, The wind at once did fail I It died away in the Southwest, And blew a northwest gale ! It struck a teiTor on the mind, And raised a sudden gloom ; It seemed a warrant to consign Their bodies to the tomb I No time for counsel or delay ! Too soon the moment flies ! The vessel reels upon her side, And there half l)uried lies ! " Let go your halyards fore and aft And ease her of her sail ; Bear helm a-weather, boys, She'll stand before the gale." The mainsail now they well secure, . And every stop make fast ; The foresail reef'd before the wind, Thev hoist it to the blast. Night coming on, the gale increased ; Fate seemed to hover nigh ; While keen the sprays congealed to frost ; In aerial billows fly ! No fond he ' '^ "oothe the mind, But jfbfray a.^ vB^ /rave. 10.1 f!'!lli:i 164 OEOOUAPHV AND HISTOIIV ■■>i.,-' ■■| And iu>t a star t(j cheer the sight,— Death seeinetl on every wave .' "There is one cliance, if Fate penult, Upon tlie raging sea ; If we can gain to Spencer's Head, We there may find a lea ! llien pnt her on a'dne east conrse, Ijefc»r^ the furious gale ; Her hull is strong, her rigging new She'll bear the shortened sail." Four hours U])on the tempest wing She parts the seas below- Dashed into fluctuating fire ' By her dividing j>row : Thus she trinmi)hant rides the storm. In hopes the Port to gain,— Till by a sevenfold surging sea Her foremost sprung in twain : The dire event their souls appal— ^ Then, broaching to the sea The nuiinmast, left without support, ^ Fell backward o'er the lea ! Fate now presides o'er all the crew— They're launched into the deep- Sunk to the battom of the main In everlasting sleep! Now the broad seas, from van to rear. While o'er the deck they roll, Displace the hatch, and by their force, ^^ Fill her cajjacious hold." Two days she was to loo-ard drove ; The wind from northwest bore; And still continued in a {»loring o'er the wreck ; ' Four human eor'ses in the hold ; And one U] on the deck , « > '■''■*'. ..k .1 '1* I ! OF THE COUXTV OF DUiUW Drove / the violence of the sea He \\.> to leewiiitl ca^t, Ami In the shattered bulwarks cuuj^'ht, And by the foot held fast! And these ; of all tlie fated crew That perished in the sea, They in one cvMnnion n the late George Taylor, Sr., subsecpiently erected the dwelliog now jxicupied V>y G. H. Danbfir and resided there till 188! , when he sold U) tb»- latter At that time, the old Post Road was their thoiOUirhfare. Tat lor usually travelled from his home by Dunbar s Lanr to sit> of K*^dknI lis >. lA . 106 UEUUUAI'UV AM» IILSTOKV not long retain its ])iinieval stnti'. Tin; old Bridge with its antique wharf on north-west cornui , was rapidly decaying. A new structure hocaine imlispensable. By building the bridge half a niilo west, aeconiniodations for shipping would bo enlarged. Accordingly, the next constructed mus in 1835 where the Iron one now stands .John Journeay was the Contractor. March 2nd. 1830, George Taylor sold to King William IV. for a Public Highway, for thirty-tive Pounds, the tract " Beginning at present Post Iload and running through the lands of said George Taylor south bv w«?st forty chains ; from thence south thirtv-five Dejrrces West, fifteen chains or until it comes to the new Bridge over 8issib()> River beinu- four ilods in width from the said Post Road t( d Bridi Th folic d .1 of twenty-secon* Rlaich, 1830, by a conveyance by John P. Dalilgren to the • Sovereign of another parcel for same purpose, — " Beginn.ng at new Bridjje at Sisiboo River, thence running south west nine chains ; then< l- ^outh tift\ six Degrees west, eight chains, ()r until it Comes to the continuation of the same Post Road laid out through the lands of Adolphus Puxson, which intersects the said Post Road to Yarmouth, — said Road to be four R(wls in width from said Bridge to tin- intersection iu< nliuntil ' The considerji- tion paid Air Tnylor by Charleii W. Wallace, Proviiuial Treasuiti-, in behalf ot th«' King, was thirty-five pounds ; while he paid Mr. Dahlijren but tin luarnds. The bridge and hiuhwav were con- otructcd as a (bvat Roml by the Provincial Governnient. While this was progi-t'>>'!ng, NVilliam H. .1 ones, a son of Cereno U. Jones, puieh'ised tho lot now ot-cupied by Ditmars Dunbar, and erected th«i house in whi» h latter resides. He opened a Hotel and Saloon, boarding the wcakmen. In 183(1, Jcrentiah Vroom of Clements, built a small dwelling wheie Goodwin's Hotel stands, and also opened a BlaeUsudth shop on the premises. Others soon joined them. Whrtrves were constructed, stores built, antl enterprise rapi ' I '1) • ' ■ +•: 1 m M 'ifif y 111 !! I I!! !i I- f 1 OF THE COUNTY OF DUJHV. 1^7 •compliance were alopteil. During Lej;isl»itivo Session of 1S2I, " Petitions were presHiited from Samuel CumpWuIl in ht'/iw County, yet the only memorial therefrom, opposed this clause. These considerations would naturally have overwhelunng weight with unbiassed minds. Hence, the yeas, except Messrs. J. I. Chipman and Marshall were interested in division of Halifax, while two latter represented Shelburne or Sydney, which constituencies were paving the way for erection of Yarmouth and Guyshorough respectively. The subject was therefore abandoned. Hud no untoward calamity happened, the proposal would have l)een entirely forgotten ; for, when matter for this Hist(>ry was being collected forty-five years later, this application had entirely paased from memory of several participants. A faithful soaich of the Provincial Archives only, led to its discovery by the author. In 1836, the Court house at Annapolis was destroyed by fire. The Court of General Sessions for Eastarn District voted to amerce the County in sum of two thousand four hundred Pounds for building a Court House and (iaol at Annapolis. During Legislative session in 1837, serious complaints fron» numerous and influential Freeholders of Eastern Distriet of Annapolis County, against this large amount, were presented to tlie A.ssembly. They weie referred to a special committee to examine and connnunicate result to the House. The Report is inserted as Appendix No. 54, in Journals for 1837, and is here transcribed verbatim : — REPORT OF SELECT SPECIAL COMMITTEE. The Committee appointed to enquire into the merits of the petition from the inhabitants of the eastern pait of the County of Annapolis on the subject of the heavy assessment levietl fur the erection of a Court House and Gaol at Annapolis Ro^al, beg leave to report that the sum for which the County has been assessed, amounting to two thousand four hundre fourteen huiulred Pounds — and ..liere any sum ha« been paid, the ovei'plus to be refunded in this pro- portion — the amount collected to the westward of Betir Ki vcr to 06 paid to tlic County Treasurer of the uvw County of Dijjl -y ; the remainder to be applied to tiie erection of n suitable Court House and Gaol for the now County of Annapolis." JOSEPH HOWE. Cha'u-nan. Before this Conmiittee had time to ascertain the real nature of these jjrievances, petitions were presented hy Mr. Holland from William Marshall and others, of Upper or Eastern District; from Elkanah Morton and others, of VVestern District ; from Caleb Smith an4 others, of Clements, on 21st of February, 1837, praying for division of County of Annapolis, with iinirease of i'epresentation in Parliament. They were followed on the 24th by similar solicitations from Frederic A. Robicheau and others, of Clare ; of Samuel Corn well and others, of Digbj'^ Neck, County of Annapolis ; and, on March 9th, Benaiah Morse and others, of Nictaux and Wilmot, — all presented by Mr. Holland, and con- taining urgent entreaties for separation. The latter petition named Bear River as a proper eastern boundary for new County. All the applications were received, read, and laid on the table for consideration in future. A bill to divide County of Ani'vpolis was introduced by Mr. Holland, and soon passed two earliest stages. At third reading, Mr. George Smith, member for Pictou County, moved to strike out " Clare "from si.vteenth line of third -clause. Thi.s, if ca-ried, would deprive that Township of pro- posed representation in the Assembly. Being .seconded, the House divided thereon, as follows: — Yeas. — McDonald, Uniacke, Rudolf, O. Smith, W. Young, Heckman, Holmes, Des Barres, Upham, Dodd, McDougall McLellan, Hatton, Annand, Taylor, Dickey, Fairbanks, Archi- bald— 18. Nays. — Whitman, J. Sergeant, Kavanagh, Forrester, Bell, Olements, Elder, Goudge, Spearwater, Lewis, Holdsworth, B. Smith, Allison, Holland, Howe, W. Sargeant, Chipman, Hunting- ton, Thome, D'Entremont, Morton, Doyle, Dewolfe, Miller, Stewart, Wilkins, J. Young— 27. Absent — Freeman, Robicheau (through illness), Benjamin. The Speaker, S. G. W. Archibald, did not vote. The motion was therefore defeated by nine majority. I: •, i.'v, ,,•■ 170 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY h hi:.' •1'^: Mr. DocM tlicn proposed several ainendmciits in one motion, concerning reprosoi»tation of Tovnsliips in County of Annapolis; these included «>nn member for Clar» , another tor Township of Digby with that part of Clements lying west of Bear River, which will be in County of Digby, instead of a member for Digby Township alone, as then arranged. After usual seconding, the House dividetl us follows: — leas. -^ Allison, Stewart, McDonald Huntington, Elder, Uniacke, G Smith, J. Young, W. Young, Wilkins, Howe, J)esBarrf's, TTpham, Whitman, B-^ll, John Sargeant, Dudd, Forrester, McDougall, McLellan, Hation, Taylor, Archibald, Dickey, B. Smith, Fairbanks, .Xnnand, Hobnes, Kavanagh, Spear- water, Chments — 31. Nayft. — Rudolf, Lewis, Holdsworth, Holland, Thorne, Heck- ma", W. Sargeant, D'Entremont, Goudge, Dewolfe, Miller, Chipman, Doyle. — 13. Absent. — Freeman, Robicheau, (from illness) Benjamin. The Speaker, S. G. W. Archibald, presiding, did not vote. Immed- iately after, the Bill passeil by similar division, and was sent to the Council for ct)ncurrence. It succreded through the several stages without amendment, and was signed by Governor Sir Colin Campbell, April 2 1st, IS-H. The Act as passeil will be found in Appendix. No provision was, however, made for a Shire "or County Town. Besides, the present Township of Hillsburgh though in Digby County, was nev» rtheless uiorganized for local purposes. Though relieved of the cost accompanying erection of Court House and Appendages, the new Civil Division was in commotion over the location ot public offices. Digby had a commodious and durable building amply sufficient for every such purpose ; also the officers of Judge and Registrar of Probate. Clements was too far east to hope for the honour, albeit, the new High Sheriff' resided in her precincts. Weymouth had obtained a Registry of Deeds, January 1st, 1790, though the old office in Digby had continued till 1828. Conveyances of lands in Clements, Digby and Clure were registered in books kep* successively by James Wilmf)t and Elkanah Morton in Digby , while titles to some areas in Digby Township with those in Clare were entered in Records written by Stephen Jones in Weymouth. Book number one of Wilmot's Series, is cndor-sed on fly leaf '* A Registry of Deeds and Ooaveyances foi- Clements, Digby and Clare, begun March IGth, 1785." The first entry was an Indenture from James Richards to Robert Rav of a lot in Gulliver's Hole. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I US'. HS& us. u, 1^ ^... l£ US lU If 1^ ■ 40 2.0 MM ill 1.4 I fHn: 1.6 Hiotographic ^Sciences Corporation 23 WIST MAIN STRIIT WiBSTM.N.Y. 14580 (716) 873-4503 v.v '^ ^ (6<^' OF THE COUNTY OF DIGHY. 171 Earliest oiio in Jones' Reconis was conveyance from Rolterfc Tucker, ShesiHI*, (A Sauiucl Tarbill's lot solt! th accordingly returned. Kavanagh was first Catholic sent to our Legislature. The following is fuibstance of Oaths then required of those comprising the Nova Scotia Council and Asseujbly : — 1. Faithfulness and true Allegiance to King George III. and to defend him to the utmost against all conspiracies and other tr'-asonable proceedings. 2. To disclose all conspii'acies to him and his successors for the time being. 3. To support and defend succession of Crown in His Majesty's family, while abjuring allegiance to Charles III, the Pretender, and all others claiming control of these Realms. i-- 'l 174 oeogkaI'hv and history ■• ■; ■-,-'• • >'."■ '., V •-- 'vt ' *J, '.N. *.• r ''^^ 1>.'' ■ \- f,; .•;. V ^^^ 4. To reject aiid detest that it is lawful to murder oy- destroy persons because they are heretics, as unchristian. 6. To reject and detest as unlawful the idea that princes or persons excoun>iunicated by the Pope of Rome, or by any Council, may be deposed or murdered by their subjects or by any other persons whatsoever. 6. That no Pope, Potentate, or any other person has, or ought to have, any authority directly or indirectly in this Realm. 7. That this Declaration or Oath is now taken and subscribed without any equivocation or evasion — and to be fully and unreservedly binding, notwithstanding the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church or any other person or persons should declare it null and void. The defiant stand taken by electors of Clare in choosing Mr. O'Connell, 'ind election of Kavanagh were parallels, doubtless for purpose of securing repeal of clauses against Catholics in foregoing Oath, and also annulment of other Ordin- ances proscribing that sect fioni Parliament. While tln'se luws were deemed indispen.sable when enacted the majority felt they were now little needed. Kavanafirh's case wis laid before the English Government by Governot' Kempt. After a lengthy, patient, and full investigation, Lord Bathurst, Secretary of State, forwarded perniission, April 2nd, 1H23, to admit Kavanagh without subscribing the objectionable Oaths. This occurred about five years before the Statutes enjoining those restrictions were repealed. These proceedinns were closely watched by Catholics throuijhoi.t the Maritime Provinces, and indeed everv- where. Tlie people of Clare which was .so named in honour of _0'Conneirs constituency in Ireland — the birthplace r>f Governor Francklin, who selected the distinction — viewed these innovations as keys to an early ci^U for one of their number to sit in the Provincial Legislature. Mr. Kavanacjh was re-elected by Cape Breton witli Mr. Uniacke in 1827, and three years later in company with his son, James Boyle Uniacke. November 2nd, 1836, the A.ssend>ly was dissolved, and a General Election held in same month. The candidates for County of Annapolis at this contest were Messrs. William Holland, and John W. Ritchie a son of ' Thomas Ritchie, late ntember for the County and then Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas for Westtn'n District of the Province, both i-esiding in Upper District of Annapolis County ; and Frederic Arniand Robicheaud, a .son of Armand Robiclieaud and grand son of Prudent Robicheaud, a pioneer of Meteglian Village. At close of the poll Messrs. Robicheaud anIISTOUY \ t ^',»,n I • I ■V ^jl;.' prepare iiinl ox|)oit l>iri;e (luantities of hard iuid soft cor»lvvoocl in payment tor flour. The United States was fast becoming a convenient nmiket for these proer 20th, 1820, of a tract of land in Township of Clare, having been issued to Reverend Jean Mande Sigogne, Peleg Wiswell and Charles McCarthy, in trust, for use and benefit of its inhabitants in perpetuity, those Trustees let about fifteen acres each to six families for purposes of settlement and cultivation. These leases covered a certain number of years. At their expiration, those tenants were not dispossessed, March I7th, 1J^47, those Trustees having previously died, the Legislature passed an Act empowering Digby Sessions " to nominate and appoint suitable and proper persons of Clare such Trustees, to be a Body corporate," as " The Trustees of Clare Common ;" in whom the Le<;al Estate and Title to tlie said Common should be vested. It permitted them to re-let the aieas to old tenints for twenty-one years or less, at Rents to he endorsed by the con- tracting parties ; Rents to be paid senu-yearly. This Revenue to be used for impioving remainder oi* the Common. Annual Reports were required from the Trustees to General Sessions. The Statute constituting Digby the County .seat, provided that when a Sessions House should be erected in Clare, one sitting of that Court annually for such Township, should be held therein — the time of such meeting to be fixed by the Parliament. The requisite building having been provided, a law was enacted March 30th, 1847, ordaining that a regular Term should be held in Clare on last Tuesday of April, and thu other in Digby first Tuesday of Novetiiber annualK', — the Grand Jury to attend both terms. Under this arrangement a meeting convened. Its opening proceeding are here transcribed : — "On Tuesday the 25th day of April, 1848, the Court of General Sessions of the Peace opened in the Sessions House in XI .;.M.' f "^^ ' H- \ OF THE COUXTV OF DlOIJY. 188 e Township of Clare, in the County of I^'J^^^y 'it, 10 o'clock in the forenoon. JiLstices Present. — Ccreno U. Jones, Sfnior Justice ; Charles BudrJ, Colin Campbell. " Ansel m " (S^imuel) " Doucotte," Henry " Charlton Sabean, Ansehn F. Coincau, Stephrn Payson an'"^^"th and St^ilary's S y a^s neither of the other Sections contained requisite population except possibly He hveau's Cove. Church Point an.l MeteHuvn Hi'nce disltctrir^ l;eyond reach of the people. Though most of the' DonhM •. "' ^•■"'^'';'' >'^ «»'»P'^'-*^tively little ..ore was done. s^ZwhTf' \\^"7";«.f ^1 «'?ction of buil.ling.s. and also stimulated somewhat the latent desire for Knowledge. A Mr. Buntincr taught School in latter part of last century and beginning ^f present one in Smith's Cove and other rural .settlements 'l^hc people south of Sissiboo River built a School-house on lot seven Z^r'^^- ' rf '"?"' tI *"'^''^^"^"» ^*^'"^»''^«' ^*^'«^> •'Should have eastot Little Brook about 1789. Despite the.se hindrances suc- EZlT.r'^'irV'T''^ ^"^^ persev'ering in.lustry. In eve.y English neighbourhood, some were proficient, and all busine.ss interest received proper attention. The author regrets that a sheet to the pnnte.%. Hence thev are inserted he.". 1 m I.' i 1 ! i - .IW^fc... .-W*>)MI(JI»Y. 179 CHAPTKIl XVII. Masonic and othku Benevolent Institutions — Tempeuance Organizations and Tkeiu Results — MrscELLANEOus Notes. As previously intlinaterl, the early settlers were convivial am] fenerous. In accordance with universal custom, spirituous everages were liberally use J. Yet the pioneers were not generally confiruied inebriates. Chiefly of the moderate type, they managed to keep within some degree of stability. A number however imbibed very excessively. It is quite doubtful that tliis generation could withstand the pressure. Their fondness for social intercourse, and shrewdness 4n providing for misfortune, coupled with a sti'ong desire to leave their partners a tangible means of support led several to .seek the introilnction of private gatherings, where recreation and improvement coidd be enjo3cd. Several in bof,h Diiji>v and Si.isiboo lia«l bqcome Fr^'emasons in other Countries. Preference for that Fraternity was theiefore natural. The Order of Ancient Free ami Accepted Masons claims . to have existed from time immemorial. It was formerly an opera- tive Order,having for its object instruction in the Arts and Sciences, and the ruler of architecture ; but now its teachings are operative and speculative, mostly the latter, teaching morality and religion, virtue and benevolence. In proof of its age, Prof. John Robinson a bitter opponent, in his " Proofs oi a Conspiracy against all the Religions and Governments of Europe," says: — "The Dionysians of Asia Minor were undoubtedly an association of architects and engineers, wlio had the exclusive privilege of building Temples, Stadia an<*- St. Andrew Lodge, No. 155 on Registry of England, was established at Halifa.K, Nova Scotia, in 1768. The Grand Lodge of this Province was instituted at Halifa.^, 24th September, 1784, John George Pyke being then installed Grand Master, followed by Governor Sir John Parr, on 27th uf December, 1785. When • • ¥>■■ s .1 ■1 ' • •!, i' i.i H th rm OF THE COUNTY OF DIOHY. 181 the loyulists luul become coinfortuldy located, tlu-y pi-Dinptly decided to orj^nni/.c. Appliciitiun was made to tlie Grind Lo :l^»j of Nova Scotia, which issued a Warrant ilaterl 2!)th Septendier, in the year of" Masonry 5784, and Anno Domini 178+, hy tho Ri}^ht Worshij)fnl Jolui (Joors^e Pyke, (rrawf MtiMf^Tot' Provincial Grand Lod>^o t'oi' Nova Scotia, 11. W. Willitim Campljell, DipnJy Orand AluHter; R. W. Jonathan Snelling, iScuJor GVcohZ Wanlca, ami R. VV. l)ani»'l Wooil. Junior G.innd Wanhni, hy antliority ./>,,/,; Uraml Master; Georjro Thon.as. ^'.^n'or Gro-hd Wavdc, ; ^xxu\ ^ohnk\hxu,JaniorGmnd Warden of Provincial Grand Lod- A ionnatum o No. 20. 7th October. A. 1), 1790. si.x n.embersl.s tollow.s were admitted : — Bhotheu James Moody. Worshipfat Master. Jons Stew Am\ Senu,r Warden. Stephen Jones. Junior Warden. JosiAH Jones. Treasurer. Reuben Hankenson. /Secretary. Hugh Germain, Treunurer. But few additions marked its career. After 1795. the returns were not received by the Grand Secretary. In l.SOO. it had been dropped froni the Roll by surrender of Warrant. Appended are names, numbers and dates of establishment of remaining Masonic Lodjres formed m the County us far as kr.own :-8t. Mauv's L(Kj " or Order originated in the religious contests between Cat. 'ics and Protestants in Great Britain which culmmated in favo ,f hitter by victorv at Battle of the Boyne, July 12th, 1690. j , i aotie When the excitement concerning fre.,uent collisions between Ca holies and members of the Loyal Orange Association was n^v' '"^T^'"' ''"x " '"•"*^' '^ ^•^'•^^ ''^ ^hat Order named GovvANS Heroes. No. 601. was organizerl at Smith's Cove under i'«d7"'''T. ''"'!'?. ^'- ^'T^ ^"^^"" "^' ^''''' fi'unswick. in vear 1847. The instituting officer was Ogle R. Gowan. member of Canadian Assembly tor County of Leeds from 1844 to 1848 when he was s^icceeded by Hon. William R Richards. Solicitor fl^f ? "Vt^Iu^''''''\;" Lafontaine Ministry ; also from 1858 to 1851 tor Northern District of United Counties of Leeds and V m • ! © .1' » ill i^' OF THE COUXTV OF DIGBY. 183 Orenville, succeeding Basil R. Church, who ha.l ropresentcfl the Riding since 1854. Edward W. Potter, E.s(|., instituted Acudia Lodge in town of Digby. The votaries of the Teuiperance Roforinatioii claim that the conflict between man and alcohol is old as civilization and still continues with equal energy, though under far less advantageous auspices. The Te'.nperance movement is a gigantic ettbrt of society to free itself from the shackles of a S(jcia'. ami moral slavery for both Time and Eternity ! Emancipation from ignorance, passion and appetite, is the first and chief elemerit of liberty ; and civil rights are useless, while the elevated nature is subject to lower impulses intended by the Creator to serve rather than control. As' early as 1517, the Order of St. Christopher was founded in Prus.sia to discourage health drinking; in 1600 an Order of Temperance was formed in Hesse to limit use of wine ; soon afterwards a Kindred Society called the " Ring of Gold," was established by the Count Palatine. , Later Scandinavian inebriety was rebuked by Carlos XIL, King of Sweden, who Swedenborgen says, " drank nothing but water." In England the Reform early had it votaries. Not unreason- ably does Bardsley in his " Romance of the London Directory," assume that ancestors of the people named " Drinkwater ' obtained that vom de plume by abstinent practices. Lord .ChesterKeld celebrated as the champion of English Etiquette, comprehending the evils of Intemperance, denounced them with scathing severity. The sublime John Milton and the celebrated Waller, both eminent poets, drank ordy water. Sir Isaac Newton and John Locke were generally abstemious. Sir Matthew Hale the eminent jurist vowed against health drinking. The renowned Benjamin Franklin in 1727 while a journeyman printer in London, drank ordy water, and demonstrated to his fellow- * workmen that a penny loaf was superior to a pint of beer. John Wesley, founder of one of the most numerous and influential religious sects, denounced spirit selling as " poisoners general," and forbade preachers drinking intoxicants. These powerful influences caused investigation by many, which induced others to follow in their wake. The Reform assumed large proportions, crossed the Atlantic, and abided in the New World. Dr. Benjamin Rush, Chairman in 1776 of the Committee on Indepen- dence of the American Continental Congress, published in 1785, a pamphlet denominated, " The Etfects of Ardent Spirit on the Human Mind and Body." The appearance of this valuable Treatise is known as the advent of the Auti-Li(|uor struggle in I vt. I 1: .';..tVV, •'•V ".J*- >* 184 GEOGRAPHY AXD HISTORY America. This Essay was a new indietiiieni, exhibiting the worst form of oppression to mankinJ, and produced in its field an influence ahnost like "Common Sense" upon the Revolution. It was the leading temperance document during next ft)rty years, and unsurpassed in earnestness and power by anything since issued. The leader of the medical profession had spoken with tremendo is force, and was endorsed by many of the good and true. A large proportion of the truth had been tlnis spoken and it could not return void unto Him who sent it. The Revolution was begun and couM not recede ; although Intemperance un- checked by organized efforts, pressed most grievously upon the people of North America for over forty years thereafter. l)rs. Billy J. Clark and Justin Edwards inaugurated the earliest Temperance Society on the American Continent, and became one of its organizers on the 30th of April, 1808. It was formed in the Township of Morean, Saratoga County, in the Stato of New York. As already intimated a large majority of the Loyalists of Digby County emigrated thither from the same State. The above Society ha, '-'' '•♦-.!'■■< : ,■.-:■,■ / ■ T 5 'i^r 186 oeck;raphy and history. there would not be a drunkarcl in the country." After enlarg- ing on the traffic and its dreadfully portrayed consequences, he summed up the matter as follows: — " As long as you keep ardent spit Its in your houses, as long as you drink it yourselves, as long as it is polite and genteel to sip the intoxicating bowl, so long society w:ll remain just what it is now, and so long drunkards will wear your names to future generations. And there is no way given under Heaven whereby man can be saved from the vice of Intemperance, but that of total abstinence." Meanwhile, the excessive use of Ardent Spirits had attracted notice of many in the County. Several hod even suffered premature death from this cause. Trinity Parish Register states that Thomas Craine was frozen to death, February 16th, 1790. A citizen of Digby, then a boy living at Rossway, explained that Mr. Craine while returning home from Digby, perished on Post Road through that place about one nnle east of Timpany's Lot and that he was so intoxicated as to be unable to reach his destination. The necessity for some check was painfully apparent Yet nothing practically was at once commenced. The local Revenqes needed replenishment ye»irly. In the opinion of the learned Justices and Grand Jury, direct' taxation for prosecution of County business can onlj' be lessened by License Fees. Accordingly, they were granted annually in considerable numbers. Promising sons of worthy pioneers, allured by the habit strengthened perchance by hereditary taint, were trembling and falling prematurely before its controlling sway, diverting talents, wealth and distinction from legitimate and useful channels, to ruin and dishonoured graves. Business was thereby neglected ; and in more than one instance, the public trade suffered alii.ost irreparable loss in consequence. Matters continued unchanged till the Temperance wave from its birthplace in England and America reached Nova Scotia. Some Clergymen had meanwhile warned their hearers against drinking. Among its earliest Champions was John George Marshall member of the Assembly for old County of Sydney comprising Antigonish and Guysborough from 1811 to 1818, and again from 1819 till elevated to Chief Justiceship of Court of Common Pleas for Cape Breton in 1824. He was therefore known as " Judge Marshall." A true gentleman, a celebrated lawyer, an honest, fearless, and able speaker, he traversed the Province, lecturing in behalf of the dearest interests of the suffering and tempted. His pen was also freely used for advancing Temperance principles. Thomas Chandler Halliburton, familiarly known i.s " Sam Slick," author of the first History of Nova Scotia, which appeared about 1829 in two octavo volumes,^ "I OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBV. 187 ;f. ' ^ "^m ■* .«■. , I > ;v.'. {)<-'■ ■ NT ( IH'X '■■ .:. ,t; promoted the new «leparture immensely by his comic sutires on the liquor traftic. In 1827, this gentleman was returneil at the head of the Poll with William H. Roach to the Assembly by County of Annapolis, and held his seat until apprtirited Chief Judije of Common Pleas for Middle Division of the Province,^ comprisini; Hants, King's, Queen's and Lunenburg Counties, in 1829. Clergymen now generally denounced the traffic with its attendant Crimes against God aud mankind. The adage " Union is Strength," was then considered equally true and as well necessary as at present. Open Temperance Societies, holding stated meetings weekly, fortnightly, monthly, quarterly or annually as each could arrange, were formed in various parts of the Province. West River, then in Halifax County, but now in Pictou, claims the honour of having had the earliest one organized within its limits. Beaver River on the borders of Yarmouth and Digby Counties, then Shelburne and Annapolis respectively, is a formidable rival claimant. The author regrets he has been unable to examine Records of the Society at West River. Some state it was formed in 1827 by Rev. Duncan Ross, then Pastor of the Presbyterian Church. In a list of •' Localities of the earliest Temperance Societies," and names of Officers, with the reported dates on which they were organized for year 1828, " West River, Apfil," is mentioned after ' Beaver River, April." Besides, in No.^1 of Vol. II. ot the Temperance Recorder, ^rst newspaper published in the interests of Temperance in Nova Scotia ,which was printed at Halifax in 1834, 1835, 1836, and 1837, this statement appeared in reference to the Beaver Ri\ or Temperance Society, organized in April, 1828, which " we believe to be the • first of the kind in British North America." Surely, if another Temperance Society based on entire Abstinence from intoxicants as beverages, existed in this province, the Editor of the recognized press exponent of the. movement, would be aware of the fact. The first man at Beaver River whose mind was deeply impressed in view of the evils of Iraten)pcrance, was Josiah Porter. In a measure he had felt the effects himself. The subject of Temperance Reform grew upon him. He could not rest. At length, he carried the matter to God in prayer, and while thus engaged, the evil of indulging in the use of that which injured the body and demoralized the mind, appeared before him in all its fdarful realities. He now realized that it was wicked for him to use intoxicants ; and before God he promised that be would thence forward abstain from their use. He next desired to persuade others to follow in the same course. At first, dis- Ct>uragement was his recompense. Continuing, nevertheless, to J- ■•-A J.- ■i'fi ,•»>.. .7^^■;^ ^f^3^i;;.i 11? ■•. 1 18S GEOGUAPHV AND HISTORY agitate arnl tliscuss tho question, others eventually adoptcl his, ideas. Another man resorted to prayer with Porter's exact experience. Consenuently, Mr. Portet* called a uieetinj^ at Beaver River Corner, on the Line between present Diy,l>3' and Yarmouth Counties. At that ijatheriiifj John Wetmore .schoolmaster, was requested to draft a Pledge. He readily complied, when eiglit persons gladly afKxed their signatures. This memoral>le Document is here cojiied verbatim : — " We, the undersigned, firudy believing ami most assuredly gathering that the too great use of spirituous liquors is prejudicial to the bodies and souls of mankind in general, both spiritual and temporal. To remedy this great and spreading evil we therefore whose names are hereunto annexed do forever renounce the use of ardent or.distilled spirituous liquors of any kind, except what may be taken as a medicine in case of sickness ; and we pray Ahnighty God to establish our hearts and strengthen our serious resolutions." April 2oth, 1S28." JosiAH Porter, Daniel B. Corning, David Corning, Joseph Corning, i Jonathan Raymond, William Perry, Ebenezer Corning, David Corning, Jr. The Beaver River Temperance Society was organized with Josiah Porter as President, which office he held twenty-two years. The Society encountered opposition, but the principles ot Total Abstinence took deep root in the community. Many other similar institutions soon followed in various sections of the Province. March 15th, 1830, the First Clements Temperance Society was organized, having following officers : — Rev. Henry Saunders, President; Rev. Israel Potter, Sr., Vice-President; John Rice, Secretary ; Henry Vroom, Treasurer ; Israel Potter, Jr., William B. Turnbull, James G. Fitz Gibbon, Principal Annapolis Academy, John Balcomb, ^acob Potter, William Jones, Isaac Vroom, Andrew Chute, Robert Jefferson, Jr., Aaron Potter and Benjamin Potter, Committee. Another was formed on Digby Neck, November 5th, 1830. President, Rev, Peter Crandall ; Secretary, Williatn F. Dakin. The Brier Island Societ}' wa;: formed February 24th, 1831, having a Pledge on same V)asis as that of Beaver River. It had the following premier officers and members :— Thomas McDormand, President ; Wilson McDormand Vice-President ; John Nevill, Secretary ; Franklin Potter, Sr. John Suthern, Andrew Coggins, Jabez Snow, Thomas Perry w ex , ,' ■» .*•. ',1 «• ■ * M .; • M ., i ► ! ► 1 '■■r or THE COUNTY OF DIOUY. 189 f ^ Edward Potter, Zebediali Welch, Josepli Potter, Jjimes McDornuind, James Jeft'ury, John Dochorty, Loce Denton Arthur Collins, Corinack McDonnand. Quarterly and Annual nieetinjjjs were established. Rev. William Marshall, Wi-skyan, while visiting the Islands delivered a Temperance Lcctui*'. at Wcstport, May 20th, 1881. He and his partner also became members of the Society on 8th of November following. Forty-two besides the seventeen enrolled at commencement wen? added before the First Annual Session, held January 2nd, 18'}2, including three ladies, — Miss Amelia Davis, Mrs. Sarah Jane Suthern and Mrs. Mary Marshall wife of Rev. William Marshall, before named. In 1832, th*) Weymouth Society was added which included St. Mary's Bay, having following officers : — Colin Campbell, (son of the Grantee of New Edinburgh bearing that name; President ; Rev. Edwin Gilpin, \ ice- President ; Samuel Doty, Secretary. Many on St. Mary's Bay joined the Weymouth Society. The Long Island Society with headquarters at Freeport now fol- lowed. July 12th, 1834, the Second Clements Society was con.stituted ; and Rev. Israel Potter, Junior, appointed President; Henry Vrcom, a Wesleyan local preacher, Vice- President ; Israel Rice, Secretary. The field occupied by this branch included Hillsburgh Township. Temperance Conventl(ms comprising Delegates from the above named, were held at Annapolis in 1834 and 1835. The subject continued to be agitated. March 23rd, 1841, the Wentworth Temperance Society was organized in dwelling house of Patrick Nowlan, Charlton Sabean, President; Patrick Nowlan, Secretary. Nearly all in the settlement were enrolled. Its pledge was total abstinence except cider, spruce and ginger beers. The name was shortly afterwards changed to New Tusket Temperance Society. During winte^ of 1841, Judge Marshall visited the County, lectured in Digby, St. Mary's Bay and other localities. He organized a Society at latter place in February, 1841. Others were formed in ditlerent sections, but their records are lost. The Methodist Churches of Digby and St. Mary's Bay were scenes of these lectures. Churches and School Houses were freely opened for his addresses throughout the English portions. He did not, however, call between Weymouth and Beaver River. Considerable enthusiasm w^as evinced. A plan to petition the General Sessions against granting Licenses was inaugurated. Though this was not immediately successful, the movement paved the way for its accomplishment in after years. Meanwhile, the devoted and observant friends of the Reform in Great Britain, noticing that some substantial organization was V ■ V, V ■•■.■4 m 190 OEOGRAFHY AND HISTORY ,1 -, '• ; ', T,!', V>.\ ■•• ▼ r Tv;-:^- V, i.fi 'lit l'; * ', ' .'i'- , ' -'.'■• ft*'. V ^'^^ •■., '■■. ^ ^ .," . imperatively fleinrtntled, which would renriite more clowoty tht." rccldiineil with their benefactors, — thus affonling a more pt tent shield in the hour of temptation — while ut tlie same time provid- ing material support for themselves and families in cases of sickness antl other dire misfortune, institutf*! the iNDKr'KxnENT Order of Rechahites at Salford, Enjrland, A unjust 2-"Jth, 18t^o. This is a total abstinent, sick-benefit Fratersitv, eonsistin«»^ largely of workinjy men. Open Temperance Societies had also nuiltiplieil in tlie Utvite+l States, In 183'), more than eight thousand had bet^n f^wme*! ; over two hundred thousand persons had ceased to use rlistille*! liquors; one million, five bundled thousand of whom wvre members of those Societies. As, however, the flow of the tide is invariably followed by an equal ebb, so this gigtmtic advance w-as speedily succeeded by a reaction nearly as general and ettec- .tive as the Reform had been widespread and beneficiiil. When the tide had receded, canje a new form of agitation, electriciaK and almost vo'canic in its character, in form of the " Washington lAN Movement." On the evening of the second of August, 1840, six inebriates, a reputed Club organized for .social tippling, met in Chase's Tavern, Baltimore, Maryland. A distinguished lecturer on Temperance was billed to speak in the City that night, and the Club .sent a Committee to hear the lecture, atid report to the Club When the Committee returned they pre.scnted a favorable statement. The landlord then denounced Temperance Lecture.s. A discussion ensued. At length a member said ; ' We expect rmn-sellers to cry down temperance lectures; It is for your interest to do so." The six then re-organized the tippling Club into the " Washington Society," and took tl>e Pledge of Total Abstinence. They kept this vow, became Apostles of its principles, and the movement spread rapidly throughout the land. They advocated moral suasion as the only means to be used in prosecuting the Reform. Six hundre ■ 1 Mi iMfMU A 192 GEOfJRAPHY AND HISTORY ■:^.: >- . t. 1 ■ r v' - /^^ ••:^^{ :..-,..•>-''''. ?!'•<.■;?.. i,r;-' • ■W^f.^ i: ■'..'',■■ ■■^: -..■.■'.>.■. J- . 1^1: ■ ■ h' ', i.;Wi- / ■ ;•;• . • ~!'»--.>^>> 'i ■i 'P • v;-i*. <» :'*• V"* . :■■,. i-A '1^ • , * ,'•■ ■ J' •" ' Patriarch P. Lahe of Miiint*, at St. Stephen's, Charlotte County, Mai'ch 8th, 1847. The order spread rapidly among the wealthy. In Nova Scotia, Acndia Division, No. 1, was opened in the town of Yarmouth, November 17th. 1847, bv Rev. W. W. Ashlev, Free Will Baptist, and Deputy Most Worthy Patriarch for the National Division, Robert S. Eakins, Ksq.. was elected first Worthy Patriarch, Gcorfje S. Brown, Worthy Associate, John Tooker, Recording Scribe. Central Division, No. 2, Yarmouth was formed Decendjer 10th, 1847, ^>y Deputy ]\[ost Worthy Patriarch Benjamin B. Redding, a native of Nova Scotia, but then living in Boston. Massachusetts, and a Member of the Grand Division of that State, representing Bunker Hill Division, No. 3. This was immediately followed b / Providence, No. 3, at Chebogue ; and also by Milton, No. 4, at Milton, Yarmouth, on 24th of December, 1847, both by Mr. Redding just named. Conconl, No. 5, at Barrington, Shelburne County, was founded by Deputy Ashley, very soon thereafter. January 31st, 1848, Union Division No. 6, was organized in Captain Thomas Andrews* Lorg Room, Digby, by Rev. W. W. Ashley, with the following Charter Members: — Edward J. Budd, Henry Stewart, Wcntworth H. Quigley, John Gillis, George Dakin, John Dakin, Elisha Payson, Junior, Charles E. Farnham, William Boyne, Isaac H. Bounell, Thomas Ruddock, George Brooks, William Gillis, John 8. McNtiill, James E. Young, John Mcintosh, Charlts W. W. Nichols, William . Smyth, James T. Holdsworth, Thomas A. Morse, John Sandford, James Wade, George Ballentine, William H. Dakin, — 24. The following were chostni officers and installed for Quarterlv Term ending March 31, 1848.— Edward J. '3iidd, Woi'thii Patriarch; Henry Stewart, Wortlty Associate ; William H. Dakin, liccordiiig Scribe; Charles W. W. Nichols, AHt^'mtant Recordiivj Scribe; John S. McNeill, Financial Scribe; Charles E. Farnham, Trea- surer ; William Gillis, C ha plait i ; William Boyne, Conductor; Wentworth H. Quigley, Assistant Conductor; George Brooks, Ijiside Sentinel ; John Mcintosh, Outside Sentinel ; John Dakin, Past Worthy Patriarch. An analysis of these officers will be interesting. E J. Budd was a Merchant and Shipbuilder; H. Stewart, Prothonotary, Clerk of the Peace, and Postmaster; W- H. Dakin, Ship Carpenter; C. W. W. Nichols, Law Student ; John S. McNeill, Merchant Salesman for George Bragg ; C. E. Farnham, Caulker; William Boyne, Ship Carpenter; W. H. Quigley, Mason ; George Brooks, Carpenter ; John Mcintosh, Shipwright : John Dakin, Farmer, Referring to the Charter Members, Thomas A. Morse an. t 'I ! ■■■ ' •. !■• J W'^ i :v 'i: OF THE COUNTY OF DKJIIY. 193 aiTdnjjed jUi<1 n'<'uliirlv hold. Tlic liii-h sociul stainlinj: of its fountlers ; tlieii* uiiifi)nn uilmnity, hom-sty ami int«.'<]jrity, coupltd with the dignity and widespread popidaiity the Order liad achieved in the United States and partieularly in New lirunswick, addetl to the flattering position ahead}' reached in Yarmouth, and the imperative necessitv of some effective awncv for checking: tlie destructive sway of Alcohol, attracted many of the noblest to its fold. Several in Brighton, Smith '.s Cove, and even from Bear River joined with other friends of tlie njovement in Dighy and vicinity, to swell the ranks. A proposition to huild a Hall was soon made ; each member aideil liberally ; and in 1849, the work was completed, and the room occupied. It was erected on a lot leased for a term of years from Charles Budd, Es([., situated on the east .side of King Street in Block P, between Warwick and Mount Streets. The Hall wai* .sold by the Division in 1872 to the Digby .Temperance Ha'.! Company in which the Division took a large stock, and removed to its present site on east side of Montague Row, oppo.site Baptist Church, and an addition was .'^'uct; made on eastern end. It is now owned by the Baptist denomi- nation, being known as the Baptist Hall. The lower room is still used for public lectures and other gatherings ; while the upper one is devoted exclusively to private meetings of Tempe- rance Societies as previously. In the meantime, Chebucto, No. 7, Micmac, No. 8, and Mayflower, No. 9, had been organized in Halifax City, by Deputy Mo.st Worthy Patriarch, Richanl G. Halls ; followed by Victoria, No. 10, in town of Liverpool ; Albert, No. 11, at Milton, Queen's County; Avon, No. 12, in Windsor; Avondale, No. 13, at Avondale, ea.st side of Avon River, opposite latter town ; and New Caledonia, No. 14, at Granville Ferry, oppo.site Annapolis. Deputy Most Worthy Patriarch Richard G. Halls visited Brier Island, and instituted Westport Division, No. 15, in a Hall over the store then owned and occupied by Jes.se Harris, Esq., Friday Evening, April 7th, 1848, initiating the undermentioned applicants for a Charter: — Rev. Perez F. Murray, Jesse Harris, Barney Morrell, Charles H. Pay.son, Joseph W. Dakin, Edward Morrell, Holland E. Pay.son, Arthur Collins, Gilbert Welsh, Michael Glavin, John D. Suthern, Patrick Condon, William E. Clements, Charles P. Morrell, George Lafoley, Joseph Collins, George H. Clements, — iS. Otticers as follows, were then electcl and instilled : — W.P., Rev. P.F.Murray ; W. A., J. Harris ; R. S., C. H. Pay.son ; A. R. S., W. E. Clements ; F. S., E. Morrell ; Treas., H. E. Pay.son ; Con, A. Coliitis ; A. C, G. Welsh ; I. S., M. Glavin ; O. S.. J. D. Suthern ; P. W. P.. Barney Morrell. Oriental, No. 16, Pictou ; Chebogue, No. 17 Chebogue ; and New Glasgow, No. 18, at New Gla.sgow, were .•,*j^ ..'a -- ••.-r- ' ■ v4^;'';-: ■'■ ~'V;-,v ^f;,J» .,-. ''''■'•■": - * c " ■ • ' *-" *"' •' >:^.:., ''■'•^!.r ■ > ■^'■.-~ ■ ■'*'*.' 'I'.i-.''! '■< . r -'. ■ . : \ ' V--' ■•'v > -' ": 'f* :' . 'i-t-a . ■ \-.'.<■^^ : .7' ^^■: - r'' i'l; •)'v. 194 GEOORAPUY AND HISTORY •speeilily ffinntMl. In complinnce with nn appHcution for- wanlutl ti) the National Division, a Charter for the OUAXD Division of Nova Scotia was issued, April 2?n(l, 1H4S, Most Worthy Patriarch, Philip S. White, Esq , of Philadelphia. Penn- sylvania, proceedjtl to Yarmouth, and duly instituted that body, with the following; Representatives from their respective Subor- dinate Divisions, placed upon its Charter : — Acadia Dlv'mioii,, No. 1. — Worthy Patriarch John Tookor ; Past Worthy Patriarchs Fitz William Red County of SheUmrne ; and Rev. Ediinnul A. Crawlcjy, D.I)., for Halifax County. Maitland Division, Ni>. 21, was forme*! at Maitlan*!, which was a now nanio recently applieil to that portion of Beaver River lyinj' in Yarnionth Township, lu'tween May 27th, 1848, ami 8th of July in .same year. Son)e of the founders of Beaver River Temperance Society livinf Cuptuin NVciitwortli Saunders was nftorw/inls occupied as tlie plicc of nieetiii*^. Whon this residence was hinuid in I.S5(), all tin* paraphornalia of " Prince William " was cuiisumMtl, and its meetings conse- quently ceased • The members of '• Union " residinjr in Bear Kiver Village h.nl meanwhile indticed some neighbors to unite with No. (5. Those conjointly arranged fur establishing a branch of the Fraternity in their midst. All preliminary steps having been consummated Royal Division, No, H7, was organized in the house then owned by William Henry Randall, brother of Rev Charles ilan ; ■ '■ «(•• ... . " . . .i 'r ••*'■ # ;'.;' ■ ' ■.'3 i 'V ■V,;' '• ' * llJ^ -1- *• i' !','■■ |{^: ' ■I. .1 ) I* '•'■ 4f'^ \ r- i- i; r. OF THE COUNTY OF DIG BY. 201 containing following names : — Miles C. Woodman, P. W. P. ; Benjamin HarJy, P. W. P. ; Charles T. Potter, Israel P. Wooilinan.p James H. Marshall, James W. Poole, Caleb Soulis, Benjamin P. Soulis, George H. Hardy, Edmund A. Poole, Charles S. Cossett, Henry J, Thomas, James E. Cossett. Officers installed, — IT. P. Miles C. Woodman ; W. A., James W. Poole ; R S., Charles T. Potter ; A. R. S., Edmond A. Poole ; F. S., Jamea H. Marshall ; Treasurer, Charles S. Cossett ; Chaplain and P. W. P., Benjamin Hardy ; Conductor, Israel P. Woodman ; A. C, Benjamin P. Soulis : /. S., Caleb Soulis ; 0. S., G. H. Hardy. Under the new system of Division Deputies, William H. Taylor of No. G, wjis appointed Deputy over No'.s. 6, 146, 152, IGO and 169. Miles C. Woodman succeeded him over Home the next year. Meetings of atter were held Wednesday evenings, first in the place of institution, later in the old dwelling on farm adjoining on the east formerly occupied by James R. Biya.it, Sr., and later by Jonas Rice, Sr. In 1866, Benjamin Hardy was appointed D. G. W. P., in placo of Miles C. Woodman, removed to East Douglas, Massacliusetts. George H. Hardy held the position in 1867 and following year, as the last incumbent resigned, being unable from failing eyesight to" perform the duties efficiently. In 1870 and 1871, the Division held its weekly gatherings in the late School Building which stood a few rods, west of .Tames Thomas' residence. Here the author was initiated a Son of Temperance, as a member of last named Division, on Wednesday evening, November 2nd, 1870. Since January, 1877, " Home " has occupied the fine hall in second story of the new Public School Building, opposite Baptist Church. In 1862, James M. Aymar became Deputy of No. 154. In summer of 1861, " Halcyon," No. 160, was removed to Marshalltown. Deputy G. W. Patriarch Isaiah Thurber presided at the inception me^'ting of Brilliant Star Division, No. 183, Petite Passage, n x Tiverton, March 13th, 1862. Its Charter was granted on 22nd of February previous, to John Van Blarcom and fourteen others. The Division elected Benjamin Van Blarcom, W. P. This Division was the outcome of a Public Temperance meeting held by twenty-seven members of " V/estern Star," No. 161, on the evening of October 14th, 1861. In compliance with the memorial of "General Williams," No. 146, the Grand Division changed its location from Prince William to Waterford, April 27th, 18G1.. A formidable rival Fraternity, of !at(;r but more romantic and complicated origin, with very elaborate, intricate machinery, now / ,s ^; •o f ■ - -'k ■J ' ■:■■ :\l 202 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY appeared. As but few, comparatively, are acciuainted witli the History of Good Templary, a brief synopsis is hero inserted ; more especially since many believe it to be a defection from the Order of Sons of Temperance. In apology for giving the following facts, it may be stated, that the author himself fondly treasureil this idea many years as the published History of the Independent Order of Good Templars by implication rather .strengthened this assertion so frequently made. There was, however, apparently sonjething important touching the antecedents of Independent Templary not related in Peirce's History of that Order. Having read in some other publication, that late Hon. Thomas L. James, eaj-Postmaster-General of the United States, Leverett E, Coon and Rev. J. E. N. Backus, Editor of the Gosijel Temperance Banner assisted in founding the original Order, a correspondence was opened vVith the latter, soliciting information written, oral or printed on the subject The reply is copied verbatim. En Passant, the reference to Hon. Mr. Cady being originator of the Cadets of Temperance, only covers its introduction into the State of New York. " New London, N. Y., Xovemher 20th, 18SS. Isaiah W. Wilson, Esq. My Dear Sir and Brother : — Your favor o Augu.st 11th was received just as I was staitirv for our Grand Lodge Session at Albany. I have been confined to my house with sickness and unable to attend to my large correspondence, which is the cause of delay in answering your letter. I greatly regret that I cannot furnish you the printed proceedings which you require. My own fyles are very incom- plete indeed. I have been endeavoring to complete theii» for years. I wish them for preservation and historical use. Possibly, I may be able to furnish you an item or two in regard to the early history of our noble Order; which may r"ove of service to you in your proposed History, which I sincerely hope may be a success. As far as my knowledge extend.s, I am the only person now living who assisted in organizing the tir^^t Lodge of Good Templars. You are entirely Tnistaken in supposing that the Good Templars seceded from the Sons of Temperance. The Good Templars ne^jer had any connection ivhatfver mith the Sons of Temiierancc. i U 2 r. > H^ 4. ». I' A' 1 i- ' ' « \ • hh^ ^^ \: \9 , OF THE COUNTY OF DIGIlY. 20H \ In the year ISol a new and somewhat ini/steriou'i Order h.nl sprung up, called "The Knights of Jericho." A few, not to exceed eleven. Temples of this Order had been instituti'd in Oneida and Herkimer Counties in this State. I was one of the Charter members of Utica Temple, which was the first one instituted. This Order was gotten up anil its iirst Ritual prepared by Hon. Daniel Cady then of Lansingburg, N. Y. Brother Cady was also the originator of the " Cadets of Temperance," and the " Sisters of Cadets." Ho was an indefatigable worker and spent all his means for the promoti'^n of the Temperance Cause. There was much about the Ritualistic work of the Kniohts of Jericho which were unsatisfactory. At this time no Rituals had been printed, as there was no money to pay for them. There we*-e three nonsensical Degrees, — the third called the Degree of Bethany, was frightful in the extreme. The members of Utica Temple, which was composed largely of " printer boys," — the most of whom had been members of Utica Section, No. 85, Cadets of Temperance, of which Hon. Thomas f/ ■ L. James, ex- Postmaster-General, was at one time Worthy Archon, ■ • were anxious to do something to save themselves from the snares of the Destroyer, as well as to rescue their companions from the destructive influences which were everywhere surrounding thtnn. They thought they discovered good underlying the Order of • Knights of Jericho, yet they were entirely disaatUjied with the vjorlcing of the Order as it then existed. They were very sure thatsomethino: better might (jrow or be made of it. They believed that ladies should be admitted as well as gentlemen. The motto was Friendship, EIope, and Charity. After carefully considering the matter, a committee was appointed by Utica TemplQ, to visit the Templei at Oriskany Falls, a little rumsackcd village in the town of Augusta, situated about twenty miles from Utica, for the purpose, if possible, of - getting the Temple in that village to disband and unite in forming • a new Order. This Committee consisted of Leverett E. Coon, James E. N. Backus and William Hudson. I am the only member of this Committee now living. This Committee wcie heartily welcomed by the Oriskany Falls Temple ; and after a presentation and full discussion of the matter, the following Resolution was passed with only two dissenting votes : — " Resolved, That the name of this organization be changed from The Knights of Jericho to the " Good Templars." The adoption of the above snnple resolution in the ball room of a village hotel, by » few resolute young men who were: t!A ■«.yK'-iJ-V;>Jtiw>fc»ii»wfc n < W i»^iiiii ' *ib *ti . ' »J^< : uffcitt i> A yt w»m i m ' ' -. I *mA m w*' *' 'iihi.l > f ' ■• v*-^^- ■^■■^-. II wVhilfcwSb'itjiii iii'fclilf I V. ,'.■•. v^;:v:v- UN 204 GEOORAPHV AND HISTORY determined to save themselves and to do what they couKl to save others from falling, was the foundation of the f^'randest Order the sun has ever shone upon ; and as I look over the widenin;,' and brightening field to-day I can but exclaim, " Verily, M-Jmt hath the Lord wrought," — or, like Simeon of old, as he held the infant Saviour in his arms, " Now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace." " From this little handful of pHnter boys in Utica, there has gone forth an influence to bless the world down to the end of time. Our beloved Order now gilts tlie world and numbers si*x hundred and fifty thousand members. About eleven Lodges were instituted the first year, and the next year, 1852, the Order was entirely re-organized at Fayette- ville, N. Y., near Syracuse, and the present name, The Indepen- dent Obder of Good Templars adopted. Soon after the passage of the resolution at Oriskany Falls, the Committee above referred to, Brothers L. E. Coon, William Hudson and myself, >vent to Hannlton, Madison County, where Thomas L. James was then publishing the Madison County Journal and obtained permission to use his type and press, and we then and there printed the first Good Templar pul)lication ever issued. It was called The Crystal Font, and dated at Utica. The next Good Templar publication was published by myself monthly at New Berlin and Louisville, N. Y., and was called The Rising Star. I have extracts from this paper preserved in my Scrap Book. If you publish a History of our Order, I shall be most happy to possess a copy, and if it meets my approval, will do what I can to help its sale. Yours sincerely in F. H. and C, James E. N. Backus. New London, Oneida County, New York, U. S. A. Tliis Good Templar Order was purely a Temperance Organiza- tion in design and working. Its Sul>ordipate Lodge llitual was quite crudely printed. The Only Degree Ceremony called the Red Cross was brief and in manuscript. Early in 1852, Excelsior Lodge, No. 14, was instituted at Syracuse, Onondaga County, by ] r.f •• .^ . * W\i » ^K ■; r% Hs'j ^ ' m '*" 1 1 '.'^ ' t *' ^n * ■' '' » t 1 >*> ■Lt'^v bIp '■[■ ■ RM''^ t f n' ^ 1 ■ '' ■ 1 ■ i t Bf 1 El *^ i Kf'li s 1. m'hl , • 1 R > f } 1)' ff J'' i ♦ t ) '1. i i 1 ■ h » ^ ^ , _ r '' *j 1 .1 » •' 1 . \ I I '\ 1 f \ '*' r." \ f ^' , 1 ■ . 1 * h ^-' «. ,i^. . ^ ' '. * I It * (.>. ■ . fu ' 'F ' , i |L l'^ '' ' ■i Ik ■■ OF THE COUNTY OF DIGIJY. 205 Mr. Coon. January 13tlj, 1852, a Convention of Itoprcsentiitives from the fourteen Lodges convened at Utica to form a Grand Lodge for the State of New York. Westley Bailey of Utica was President of this Convention. L. E. Coon became somewhat dissatisfied with the President's proceeding, and retired fron tlie meeting, being followed by T. S. Truair, his colleague from No. ^ 14. At its next meeting this Lodge endorsed action of its Delegates. About the same time, William J. Stoddard a member of "Excelsior," went to Fayetteville, Onondaga County, one hundred and thirty-nine miles froni Albany, interested some young men in the work, but did not fully initiate them. During the ne.* j week, Mr. Coon went to Fayetteville and fully organized Eureka Lodge, No. 15, James H. Eaton being Worthy Chief Templar J and Jewett J. Dunbar, Recording Secretary. At this time L. E. ? Coon is styled G. W. C. T., meaning Grand Worthy Chi if Templar. His withdrawal fi'om the late Convention luiving been approved by his constituents. Excelsior Lodge seceded from those in Oneida and Herkimer Counties, assumed the names of " Independent Order of Good Templars," changed its number from' " 14 " to No. 1, ^he motto to Faith, Hope and Charity, established new private work and substituted 2 for "15" as the number of Eureka Lodge. A reformed self-made man named Nathaniel Curtis, who was a prominent Washingtonian and a Son of Temper- ance also, gifted with natural powers, was then devoting his entire time to Temperance, became interested in the Temple movement through Mr. Cuon. This was a valuable acquisition. Forest City Lodge, No. 3, was formed at Ithaca, Tompl'in., County, July 24th, 1852, Charles Hildebrandt, W. C. T., Nathaniel Curtis, Fast W. C. Templar. A Charter was granted to this Lodge ^ signed by Levrett E. Coon, G. W. C. T., and J. S. Walter, G. W. S., ' signify mg Grand Worthy Secretary. Nos. 1, 2 and 3 immediately elected Delegates to compose a Convention for organizing a Grand Lodge for the new Fraternity. This first Parliament of the Order i. assembled in the Hall of Excelsior Lodge, No. 1, Empire Block, I Salina Street, Syracuse, August 17th, 1852, the following members ' being present : — Excelsior, No. 1. — Levrett E. Coon, E. A. Bogue, J. S. Walter, William J. Stoddard. Eureka, No. 2. — James H. Eaton, E. P. Clark, Daniel Eider. Forest City, N<». 3. — Nathaniel Curtis, Charles Hildebrandt. -J}}t t^A^ldHfiim*it,l^^ '^■cs-'^'%Y\ - *. Wfc-. ..-* -1 <..«Kw«M| J- 206 GEOGRAPHY AND IIISTOKY th« fjf Gnin,l Lodge of North America was then instituted with the following Officers: — O. W. a. T., Nathaniel Curtis. G. W. V. T., James H. Eaton. G. W. S., Charles Ilildelnandt G, W. T., William J. Stoddard. G. W, iV., J. S. Walter. G: ir. G„ E. A. Bogne. J". G. W. a T., Levrett E. Coon. A Seal was adopted, Messrs. Eaton, HildebVandt and Ho-nu. were appointed to revise the Ritual, and the Crand Lod^^e closed fnlW^n'*'' ^n harmony, to meet at Ithaca on 9th of Novend.er ITm^ °' - Order M'as extended rapidly, ladies being admitted to ftiU pnvneges. This was novel, as the Sons of Temperance was then composed entirely of men,— and was non-beneficial. in rnT}""''' n I^«f«J"\'«^- Gth, 1853, two Lodges were establishod in Canada. Grand Lodges were formed in various States and als., for Canada. Rev. James Scott, Rev. J. H. Robins.m and others believing there should be an Order having its central bodv on' Brush soil, ll,uiided the Bhitish American Ouvvm of Oooi. ItMPLAKs, ill London, Camida West, November 18th 1858 It spread ov^^r British North America in less than ten years. Nassua Chetwood Gow.n, son of Ogle R. Gowan, who introduced the Orange A.ssociat,on mto Digby County, organised Dirigo Lodge, Ulh' ^irlTu^"'':V' I''' Tort. Hants County. November Wal' 4 './^ '."7^ ^'^' ^^^^•*"''^' ^'«- 2, Brooklyn, Prince of y ales. No. .>, ^V indsor on IGth of same month ; Ever..reen No 4, Falmouth, on following day ; No Surrender, No. 5, Avondale • Summerville, No. G, Summcrville, November 21st, by Alfre.l Ogden ; WatuTille, No. 7, Waterville, November 26th. by N C ' Gowan ; Crystal Wave, No. 8, the previous day by Alfred O^den • Drcadno , No. U. Hantsport, November 24th; Mayflower, No 1(»' Mmouth on 26th of same month; Acadia, No. 12, Halifax' ^ecember 2nd ; Gowan No. 13. Truro, Colchester Co., on 7th of latter month, all by Mr. Gowan. Excelsior, No. 1 1. Chester Lunenburg County was opened December 15th bv the samJ TtT((" ^y^'«"^y'"'«-^ Convention was held in the ^Temperance Hall, A\ indsor, December 12th; 1864, composed of thirty-one delegiites fmm the twelve Lodges instituted, when the Grand ti^f o'Ler"" '''' "'' '""'^''^"'''^ ^^' ^^' ^' ^^'"''^"' '•'^^••"^' i ' '•Vf i'l** r»t ^■f? ..» I 'i . .»^ ,'i v . 1 ( 1 [1f ■■(► ? OF THE fOUSTY OF DIG BY. 207 James Elder, HnntsiM.rt, G. W. C. T. Miss Sarah IJaxter, Truro, G. 11'. V. T. Kev. Joshua Jordau, Truro, G. W. Cliopluin. Rev. Daniel jM. Welton, Windsor, G. W. Sertrtiivfj. Mrs. Maria jMoir, lliilifax, G. 11'. Trtasurrr. Kev, James J. ITill, Xewport, G. 11'. Counsellor. Hugh Chambers, Avondale, G. W. Lecturer. John F. Chandler, Windsor, G. W. Fin. Secretnrif. William Iinlah, Ilalifa.x, 'i W. Rec. Secretary/. George Johnson, Waterville, G. 11'. Mdrshil. Miss llacliel Shey, Falmouth, G. \V. Dep. Marshal. Mrs. Elizabeth Walley, Newport, G. W. Inner Guard. John C. Burton, Hantsport, G. W. Outer Guard. Hiram Smith, Brooklyn, G. W. P. C. T. Lodges now multiplied phenominally. One of the Grand Organizers, A. J. Cox, of Horton, introduced Tei^iplarism into Digby County, by founding Digby Lodge, No. 40, in the County town, May 23rd, 1865. He also organized Brittannia, No. 41, in Bear River Village on same day. The records of these two societies have not' been handed to the author ; hence, infovmation concerning them is derived from publislied Minutes of the Grand Lodge. Eliakim E. Tuj)per, Esq., at present member of the Assembly, was Provincial Deputy of No. 41. Welton, No. IGl, was opened at Bridgeport, east side of Bear River, August 27th, 18GG. This Lodge met in the Temperance Hall, west side of River in Digby Co., some years afterwards. The author was initiated a member September 9th, 1873, in the Temperance Hall. November 11th, 18 66, "Island" Lodge, No. 182, was instituted at Westport ; Ophir, No. 205, Freeport, January 26th, 1867 ; Western Light, No. 206, Westport, January 27th, 1867 ; Horeb, No. 207, on sahie date at Sandy Cove ; Rose of the Forest, No." 262, Cedar Lake ; Lily of the Lake, No. 263, Beaver River, now Brookville, both formed between November 1st, 1867, and January 31st, 1868 ; Kenaza, No. 279.. organized at Meteghan, February 13th, 1868, with thirteen Charter members; Pero Lodge, No. 285, Petite Passage, now Tiverton, February 18th, 1868, with twenty-^ five Charter members ; Silver Star, No. 286, Gmnd Joggin, February 20th, 1868, with eighteen Charter members; Northern Light, No. 287, Weymoath, having twenty-five Charter members, February 24th, 1868,— all four by Rev. Abraham W. Barss. " Northern Light " is, however, omitted from the Lodge Directory in printed Journal of Grand Lodge, Honored Home Lodge, 7^ 20S (;LOOUAniY AND HISTORY . ii*«»>n* •» k-J^*:i- numbered "287" in the l)iiectory, was organized at Weyniontli, July 4t]i, 18G8, l.y Dei.uty W. L. Crowell, Rev. Charles "iJandall being commissioned Provincial Deputy. Union, No. 360, was founded at Centreville, Dighy Neck, in year 18t»0. The foregoing comprise all the rrimary Ixulges of British American Tenijilars, changed in 1867 to British Templars, ever formed in the County. ■^ Rev. James C. Hurd, a Baptist Clergyman, while visiting Hamilton, Canada West in 1857, became a member of the Inde- pendant Order of Good Templars, and .was appointed a Dcpxtij Right Worthy Grand Templar for the purjK)se of introducing the Order into Nova Scotia. He ])ubli8hed a synopsis of its principles and general working in the Christian Messengery a weekly periodical devoted to the interests of his denomination, for August 26th, 1857, soliciting practical co-oi)eration ; but no Lodges were formed in the Province as the immediate result of this effort. It nevertheless attracted considerable attention and evoked some comment. Among those interested by this article, was Jonathan Willard Crane, a native of Economy, Colchester County, who subsequently visited Massachusetts, and was initiated a member of a Lodge in that State, Returning to his native Province he entertained the idea of having a Temple established in Kconomy. Noticing by a Report of the Committee on Temperunce of the Presbyterian Synod held in Charlottetown, Prince Kdward Island in 1863, that the Order had been introduced there, Mr. Crane addressed a letter dated July 21st, 1863, to Rev. Henry Crawford, Convener of the Committee that framed the Report, cmljodying his admission to the Order, and intimating his desire to see the Fraternity exist in his vicinity. Aj)plication for a charter and the necessary authority was forwarded to the Grand Lodge of Canada, acting a." Deputy Right Worthy Grand Chief Templar for British America. Meanwhile, William H. Weldon organized the Grand Lodge of Prince Edward Island at Charlottetown, March 10th, 1864, Rev. Mi. Crawford being chosen G. W. C. T. The docu- ments were sent to latter gentleman, who duly organized Athena " Temple, No. 1, at Economy Village, July 4th, 1864. J. W. Crane was elected W. 0. T. Twelve additional Temples were formed in Colchester and Cumberland Counties up to January 10th, 18G7. Under powers conferred by a Commission from Hon. Samuel, D. Hastings of Wisconsin, then li.W. G.'T., the Grand Lodge of Nova Scotia was instituted at Great Village, Colchester County, February 5th, 1867, by Jonathan Willard Crane, with the following Representatives from the undermentioned Temples enrolled on its Charter : — J" J 'A lU I 'J K ■ 14^' ?'.' tl OF TlIK COl'XTY OF OHiHY. 209 Athena, Xo, 1. — Williiun V Fuliiitr. . DaysprinjT, Xo. 2. — Maitiii I'lcnu;:, Luvi Fulton. Acwlift, Xo. 3. — Isaac J. Ilinnleyi Union, No. 4. — Isaac J. Ilin;;!*.'}', Pvoxij. La Planche, Xo, 5. — Geoiye Diiiiock. ^ Star of ll<»i)0, Xo. G. — Benjamin M. Oxloy. ( Eiirekanien, Xo. 7. — Benjamin M. Oxley, Pvoxfj, Blazing Star, Xo. 8. — Burton Davidson. Palma, Xo. i). — E. Trueman McIioUurt. Rising Star, Xo. 10. — Thompson liond. Alma, Xo. 11. — Hazen Black. Victoria, Xo. 13. — Sanuuil J. Fulton. Besides these a large numher of Past and Acting Chief ami Vice Templars were admitted, l)ut without the right to vote by ballot or Yeas and Xays. Oftieers, as hero given, were chosen and installed : — G. W. a T., Charles E. Ptatchford, Amherst. G. W. Counsellor, Kenjamin jM. Oxley, Iliver Philip. G. W, Vice-Te)iiplav, Delia S. Crane, Eijonomy. G. W. Secretery, J. Willard Crane, Economy. G. W. Treimiivi-r, Isaac J. Hingley, Acadia Mines, G. W. Cfutp/aln, Thompson Bond, Suit Springs. G. W. Marshal, Geoi ^e Y. Dnrning, Upper Economy. G. W. Guard, Hattie J. O'Bri.Mi. (Jivat Village. G. W. Sentinel. E. T. McRob.Tt, Groat Village. G. W. D. M., Chandlnr Cnuv. P.G. W.G. T., J. Harrison Hods.)n. West Branch, River Philip. 'Slowly bnt surely, this body advanced. The first Temple or Lodge opened under the Grand Lodge was Favorite, Xo. 14, in the City of* Halifax, February 28, 1867, including the Grand Worthy Seciotary and Grand Worthy Vice Templar, who removed to the Capital, as the former accepted an important and responsible position in the Post Office Department. Twenty-four more were formed in the Province before an effort was made to plant the Standard in Digby County. Some members of Honored Home Lodge, British Templars, learning that the i)arent Order had a footing in the country, wished to test its efficiency as an agency for advancing the Temperance Cause. A Petition for Charter was signed and forwarded to the Grand Lodge Oflice. Being readily granted, Mrs. Delia S. Crane, who had succeeded her deceased husband as Grand Worthy Secretary, visited Weymouth, and ..*:Vvii ' ' .US^'^'- ■r' '.• ' ^^ ^ . '■ ■ '! " Ik \," ■*• " . * *• - '. 210 OEOnitAPIIY AND IIISTOUY orj^auized liiverside L(>(l;,'e, Xo. .'JO, oiiTIiur.sdiiy Kvenii% May 2<>tli, 186U, at Weymouth Point, Danii;! W Sabean, Dcimti/. In the following year, Mr. John T. llnhmT, of Fenwick, Cuniberlaixl County, was employed \iy the (Imnd Lfxigc; as Truvt'Ilin^' Aj^ent and Lecturer. He visited l>ighy (V>unty early in 1S7(>, and lectured in nearly every district. Some I.«Klges of I'ritish TtMnplers BUiTendered their (.'barters, and enlisted under the senior flag. Appended is a lesunu? of the societies planttnl by the last named: — Sissiboo, Xo. 80, Weymouth llridgo, V. W. (loodwin, Depiffij: Kose of Sharon, No. 81, SouthvilK;; Floral Wreath, No. 8\ Kiinu'vlown; Kossuth, No. 83, Tiverton , Kidalie, No. 8."), Little Kiver ; I'ethfsda, No. 8C, Freeport; Sunnysifle, No, 87, . r ■ Island; (Juini^vera, No. 88, Barton; Hugh Miller, No, IM), Trout v 'ove ; Ks))eran/a, No. 01, IlossNvay ; F^arnest, No, 02, Marshalltown ; Crescent, No, Oli, I>igby, May 11th, with following Charter Members; — Thomas li, Fenwick, Rosemblade Mor.se, Ansel B. Holdsworth, Ciiarles K, (rilliland, Edwin C, Kaymond, Charles Morse, Burpee Morse, Charles K, Farnhani, Jr., James Fletcher Titus, Clarence F. Burns, Kber Turnbull, William ^I, Taylor, Kirk Titus, Lewis K. Hutchinison, James F, Brown, Augustus Turnbull. IJobert S. Siualle, Watson Fenwick, Selina J, Baymond, Fannie Hutchinson, Henrietta lirown, Annie M, llaymond, Sarah A, Titus, Louisa !M, Bavmond, Carrie Fenwick,— 24, Omcers Installed :— C. E. (Jilliland^ W. C. 7',; C, Fenwick, M\ V. T. ; E, Turnbull, W. S. ; E, C, liaymond, W. F. S. ; S. J. liaymond, W. Tn'us. ; B. Morse, ir. Chap. ; C. E. Farnham, W. M.; B. Morse, W. G.; L, K, Huteliinson, W. Smt.; H. P.rown, W. A. S. ; S, A. Titus, If, D. M. ; L, M, Baymond, R. II S. ; Fannie Hutchinson, L. H. S. ; T. B. Fenwick, P. W. C. T. A. B. Holdsworth was comiiii.ssioncd Lodge Deputy, Freedom No, 04, North Range ; Twiliglit, No. Oo, l»road Cove ; Olive Branch, No. 06, Digby liidge, May 10th, 1870, with foUowiug Charter members : — William H. Aymar, Alice M. Cogswell, Charles K. Bacon, Herbert Bacon, Hannah Marshall, Epbniim A. Bacon, James H. Clark, Annie M. Parker, Robert A, Bell, Sanford Thomas. "Victoria A. Bacon, Ann F. Ci'aig, Lizzie M. Roop, Isaiah VV. Wilson, Minnie S. Reed. They severally held the Offices commencing with W. C. T,, as given "in Roll of No, 03, to P. W, C. T. both inclusive. The last named was not an officer. Thirteen of the fifteen were admitted at institution : the P, W, C. T. and Miss Reed, being then absent from the village, were duly initiated at next regular session on Thursday' evening, May 2Gth, 1870. Mr, Burner's public lecture at Digby Ridge was «lelivered in the School Room on Saturday evening May 7th, when the application for Charter t ^rr iKa n • •', t 1^ ^1- ■" » HkiJ: ■'»'. ■UL I'i' Hi i:l - r OF THE COUNTY OF DIGllY, 211 Wrts signed. Most of those Lodges were formed chiefly of young people, iind in cominnnities without iwaihible halls or other suitable phices of meeting, and largely where Divisions of long standing were actively at work. A numVjer were compelled to occupy rooms in private dwellings, or in the public selr ol buildinjis, much against the wishes of numerous influential proprietors. In several instances attempts were bravely made to build Halls, which were but partially successful. The Grand lodge held its Fifth Annual Session in the room now occupied by Charles Burrill & Co, as their Dry Goods Department, then known as Rice's Hall, on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursdav, July nth, 12th and 13th, 1871, G. W. Counsellor Nathaniel *E. Butler of Weymouth, presiding until Installation of new oflicers on Thursday afternoon, in the unavoidable absence of G. II'. C. T. Robert Forenian. Many Representatives and Past Officers from many of the Digby County Lodges then became members of this Provincial A.ssembly of the Order as shown by the ofllicial printed Journal of Proceedings ; bui our limited space admoni.shes brevity. The Reports of Oflicers were encouraging. An elaborate Lecture Scheme was devisevl for consolidation, an«^. also extendinjr the work into until led sections of the Province. Nathaniel E. Butler of Weymouth ; Ansel B. Holdsvvorth and Francis Hutchinson of DijjVn' ; James P. Nowlan of New Tusket ; Charles R. McDonrJd of Plympton ; Isiiah W. Wilson of Digby Ridge; and Willoughby Sabean, son of Caleb, living at Weymouth Point, wtre commissioned Provincial Deputies of the Grand Vv orthy •Chief Templar, with many besides, residing in other Counties, for visiting Lodges, delivering Public Lectures on Temperance, the principles and moclaa operandi of Gi)od Templarism ; and instituting new Temples wherever practicable. Gooil work was perfornieat..^.CTl»i I All. i»f ■' 'J . ^l■;••■v, ■■■>„■ "-^-'f »v".'>;i'./.' •Mif. ^m-MM tmiJ.^*' tHMt*^' ^ 212 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY G. W. Sec, J. J. Stewart, Halifux. G. VV. Treas., Ansel B. Holdsworth, Di^rby. G. W. Chap., John G. Thomson, Waterville, King's Co. G. W. M., Arthur Baker, Melvern Squnre. G. W. Guard, Eleanor Hogan, Weymouth. G. W. Sentinel, Abijah Hurd, Yarmouth. G. W. Asst. Sec, D. E. Ross, Chipman's Brook. G. W. D. M., Hattie E. Layton, Great ViUage. P. G. W. C. T., Robert Forumn, Acadia Mines. Great interest in the work was exhibited. The membei*ship in Nova Scotia was 3,815. After transacting much other business, of moment to the Brotherhood, one of the most admirable Sessions was closed to assemble in Sixth Annual Convocation at Waterville,. King's County, on Tuesday, July 9th, 1872, at 7 o'clcck, p. m. Provincial Deputy Robert M, Barratt organiziul LePage Division, No. 227, at Sandy Cove, under a Charter issued to Rov. J. C. Morse and fourteen others, August 10th, 1865. While the last Division was being established, the late Simon D. Sabean, Jr., of New Tusket, a member of " Columbia," No. 24, was circulating a Petition in his Native Settlement. After beini«" signed by fourteen persons, it was for'.varded to the Grand Officers. The request being granted October otii, 18G5, Rov. C'rarlos Randall, County Deputy, instituted a Division name- I. VT ,■ ft •>-i , .'^ 214 GEOGRAPHY ANU HISTOUV January 30th, 1883, Joseph Burrell, Gmml Worthy Patriarch of Grand Division, organized Sissiboo Division, No. 514, at North Weymouth, with forty-nine Charter members. Charles Burrell, D. G. W. P. League of Honor, No. 544, organized August 2Sth, 1883, at North Range, comprised twentv-five names on its Charter. Cyru.s B. McNeill first W. P. ; Pe'ter D. Novvlan, R. S., and D. G. W. P. Under a Special Commission from Rev. John Murray, Grand Worthy Patriarch of the Grand Division, Isaiah W. Wilson duly organized Friendly Greeting Division, No. 625, in the School Room of Section No. 8, District of Digby at Hill Grove, formerly Digby Ridge, on Saturday evening, January 31st, 1885, under a Charter granted January 27th, 1885, to nineteen persons, headed -by the Instituting Officer, who was commissioned Deputy G. W. Patriarch. The premier Worthy Patriarch was William H. Haines ; Recording Scribe, Clarence H. Haines. " Good Intent," No. 638, was opened in New Tusket, June 5th, 1885, by Thomas Hutchings, Es(|., Provincial Lecturer, assisted by the Deputy of No. 625, on Application of Simon D. Sabeari and thirty-six besides. Rev. Williaui Spencer was appointed Deputy Grand Worthy Patriarch. Clothed with the authority of a Special Commission, D. N. Morrison, M. D., P. W. P., of "Western Star," No. 101. in com- pliance with the Petition of twenty-two persons, established General Gordon Division, No. 692, at Central Grove, Long Island, January 19th, 1887, George N. Tibert, D. G. W. P. Thomas M. Lewis, Esq., Grand Lecturer, founded Head Light Division, No. 738, at Broad Cove, generally called CuUoden, January 6th, 1890, on Application of thirty-six persons, led by Nathan Stark, who became Deputy G. W. Patriarch. The fore- going comprise all the Divisions of Sons of Temperance, twenty- four in all — ever organized in the County. In tracing the latest developtrents of Independent Templary, we find that Welcome Lodge, No. 138, was instituted November 17th, 1871, in the dwelling of David Mullen, Jr., New Tusket, by Provincial Deputy James P. Nowlan, who had joined the Order while teaching school in Yarmouth County. '•' Nepenthe," No. 144, was opened in the Hall, School Building, Plympton, by Provincial Deputy Nathaniel E. Butler, Past Grand Worthy Counsellor, February 22nd, 1872, Charles R. McDonald, Deputy. " Evening Delight," No. 149, was fonned by Nathaniel E. Butler, ..-v- »•.-*. I-'.* -i4,« y? W-'hl r^-ry -. .OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 215 at- Brighton "Island" Loilfje, No. 159, wns establishe*! at Westport, February loth, 1873, with Muuricu Haycock as Lodi^c Deputy. Then foUoweil two bonier Lodges, — Forest Glen, No. 195, at Upper Carleton, Yariiunith County, January 31. st, 1874, by James P. Nowlan, Past Grand Worthy Assistant Secretary and Provincial Deputy, David L. Allan bein<; comnussioneil Deputy of the Lodge. The other wa.«i " Seaside; Beacon," No, 200, at Beaver River Corner, Digby Co., Septonrber 4th, 1874, by Rev. Joseph H. Saunders, Provincial Deputy. Both these Lodges comprised members living in Digby and Yarmouth Counties. While the different open and close organizations had revolu- tionized public .sentiments on the Temperance question, yet many of the more confirmed victims, and also most of the lower social class in the County, had not heretofore been identified with the Reform. This was equally true of many other .sections of Nova Scotia, as well as of Provinces and States elsewhere in later years. O.sgood, Reynold.s, Murphy, McKenzie, Dutcher and other reformed men, together with the Women's Crusade in Ohio and other Western States, had recently created great enthusiasm b^' their soul-stirring experiences and appeals. In the earl}' summer of 1877, Captain Joseph Burrell of Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, a staunch and devoted Son of Temperance, heard George Milo Dutcher lecture in Wilmington, Delaware, an:l invited him to visit Mr. Bnrrell's residence, and labor there for the uplifting of suffering humanity. Having accepted this kind invitation he proceeded to Boston, Mtis.sachusetts, and sailed from thence in the steamer* Dominion, GcqAain Clements, and arrived safely in Yarmouth, August 2nd, 1877. On the evening of Mr. Dutchcr's first address in the new field, he gainetl ihe attention of his numerous hearers. The interest constantly increased ; and on 6th of August, a Club, unanimously named the Yarmouth Dutcher Reform Club, was organized, having John K. Ryerson, Es(|., ciC-M.P.P., for the County, as President, and John H. Law, Secretary. This society in common with each subsequently formed in this Province bearing the Appellation of "Reform Club," was wholly independent of all others, and not subject to any superior body or legislative Head. Enthusiasm grew daily. Soon, Ryerson Hall a fine and very commodious edifice, was crowded to its cuter doors. Wealthy .shipmasters cheerfully signed the Total Abstinence pledge by the side of junior .seamen, regardless of race or colour. People of all grades and conditions, male and female, even children, joyfully swelled the ranks. Dutcher returned to Wilmington shortly after ; but again visited ■ Yarmouth in October following. A pressing request was J.»iwrfi w h. w ;.,t ' \m w^.,.j«»«,,-,4 «a^ ^ k4AM..%kM«:-'i. 216 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY LW, Itiy inn to ilv. illy ^en, )ns, iks. Itcd 'as W\- .'{■■»*.. -I ^ despatcherl thither from Digby, beseeching tlie powerful and celebrated Reformer to hold a series of nieetinsf in latter town. Without further preface, the subjoined conmiunication aildressed to the Alliance Journal by a lea ling Son of Temperance belong- ing to Digby, is given as a comprehensive recital of the immediate outcome of this visit : — " Worthy Brother. — The hearts of temperance people in Digby were maile glad during the early part of last week, by the joyful news that Mr. George Dutcher Wfis coming amongst us, to address the public on the subject of Temperance Reform, and to organize a Club in this place. According to notice, on the evening of Thursday, 18th October, inst.. a meeting was convened in Temperance Hall to hear Mr. Dutcher, who was accompanied by Messrs \Vm. Burrill, Joseph Burrill and Bowman Corning, of Yarmouth. Fully four hundred people congregated in the Hall, which was densely crowded, and many could not obtain admittance. Rev J. H. Saunders was chosen Chairman, and after singing iiml appropriate prayer, preliminary addresses were made by the Chairman, Messrs. Wm. Burrill and Joseph Burrill, then Mr. Dutcher took the platform, and for an hour entranced the audience with the thrilling account of his early life, his reformation, and with soul-stirring appeals, called on all to come forward and sign the Temperance pledge ; and at the close of the address, some two hundred and fifty persons subscribed thereto ; and after singing and music by the Choir, the meeting closed with the Benediction at ten o'clock, to meet in the Baptist Church, now the Presbyterian Church east side of Queen Street, on Friday evening ; at which time, long before the hour appointed, every seat in the Church was filled, and on the platform besides Rev. J. H. Saunders, were Rev. J. Ambrose, E. Brettle and Mr. Redding After prayer by Rev. Mr. Brettle, the meeting was addressed by Mr. Wm. Burrill, Revs. Mr. Brettle, Redding and Ambrose, and again Mr. Dutcher obtained the attentive ear of the large audience, many more names were added to the Roll, and a Club was organiztid by the election of the following gentleman as Officers ; — Edward Wassell, Esq., C. E., President ; Messrs. Daniel Hawkes- w^orth, John W. Roop, and John Welsh, Vice Presidents ; William H. Taylor, Secretary ; Charles E. Dakin. A.ssistant Secretary ; E Imund Burnham, Treasurer ; James P. Jones, Chaplain ; Charles F. Burns, Marshall ; and a Committee of seven ladies and .seven gentleman. The meeting then adjourned to as- semble for prayer at Temperance Hall on Saturday morning at ten o'clock ; and on Saturday morning the Temperance Hall was again crowded. Rev. J. H. Saumlers presided ; prayer was ^ti ll" OF THE COUAiTV OF DIOUV. 217 M' •E«> ?»•> I .» if .?» [4 • u ' .-»■ offered, jinrl singin*^ by the Choir, ufter which, a Constitution was adopted, and an Advisory Committee foiMiifd ; and after sin<,'iM<^ and the Benediction, the meetinrj adjourned to nieet in prayer nieetin<5 on Sunday, at 3.30. p. n>., at whicli time the Hall was again tilled. Capt. B. Corning elected to preside, and aft r reading a portion of the Scriptures and prayer by the Chaplain, the meeting was addressed by several of the audience in prayer and appropriate speeches, interspersed with singing of Gospel Hymns by the Choir. The meeting was closed with the Benedic- tion, to meet on the evening of each Friday for general business, and on Sunday afternoon for prayer. Mr. Dutcher, with Messrs. Wm. Burrill and Joseph Burrill, left hore on Saturday afternoon for Bear River, where they held a meeting on the afternoon of Sunday, when, I hear they met with much success. Mr. Dutcher then proceeils to Annapolis and on towards Amherst on his wav home. Tho'^e meetings in Diufbv have been a marked success, and are joined in cordially by all, irrespective of Creeds. The great success which has hitherto been att»iched to this Temperance Reform Movement can only be attributed to the favor and will of God, whose blessing has gone with it so far since its a*; 218 OEOOKAPHY AND HISTOID South R»ui<{e, North Weymouth, New Tusket ami Wt'yiiiouth Falls. The hvte P. W. Smith, M. D., was the leading spirit in extension anS. Assisted by numerous co-workers he a'so opened that in Marshalltown on the followinjj evenins;. The Weymouth Club organized the colored people at Weymouth Falls. As records of various societies have since been mislaid or destroyinl, pnrticulars in most cases cannot be given. Old Temperance workers joj't'ully united with the reformed, sacrificing e.Ktra evenings, while sustaining their Divisions or Lodge.s. As usnal several Liquor v<;nders aban ' * hi t. « I, i, 'i f t 5 1.. ri OF THE COUNTY OK OH;BY. 221 County Tkmi'kuanie Convention was, ptrhups, iu«>«st iinpoitant. It was coinposoil of Delogutcs elecU'il by the various Total Abstinence Societies within County limits, anii such others as Nhoiihi siy;n a teetotal ple»l«(o, and pay twenty-five c».'nts annually. This League hehl four meetings yearly in ili verse sections having a Temperance Society, " for pronjotion of the interests of the Temperance, Cause, and tliu uphoMing of the Teetotal principle, as regards the importation, sale, and use of all intoxicating drinks." Organized at Barton, St. Mary's Bay, Octobtr 0th, 1860, its meetings were largely attended and much enthusiasm evinced, particularly in behalf of the Prohibition phase of the Temperance movement. Rev. Charles Randall' was President while health and strength permitted, followed successively by John S. McNeill, Rev. Joseph H. Saunders and Eilward Wassell, C. E. Ansel B. Holdsworth served as secretary a long period Hueceeded in 1877 bv Charles R. McDonald. A Public Meeting was held at close of each Sessitjn. Political Action in relation to Prohibition was here thoroughly discussed by Sons of Temper- ance, Good Templars, and other shades of Abstinence labourers. When . the Beaver River Society was launched on the tempestuous .sea of Reform, Intemperance was both conunon and respectable. Whoever declined to esitles, who lahoured iiulej»enntly of any particular Fraternity. Besides these, the Cadets of Tern pcrai ice, Bands of Hoj)e and Juvenile Teniples, etticieatly traineil many youtlis to Abstinenci' from intoxicants, tobacco and profanity, while they were also taught to be honest, industrious, frugal citizens; and likewise devoted Christian w<»rkeV.s. These salutary influences, conplcurt " Admiral Digby " of the former Fraternity, in Digby ; Court " Si.ssiboo," Weymouth; with one* each at Tiverton and Bear River, were formed. "St. George" Lo«lge, No. 5.5, Digby, is the only branch of Odd Fellows instituted within our limits. The loss of three pages of manuscript belonging to Chapter VI. in transit to the printers, conuuencing at end of first paragraph on page fifty three, is ample apology for inserting valuable matter u m li 'i ittf'*' ikSt 3it;[|' V K*' a i^ili ! !*, L > OF THE COUNTY OF OHJIJV. •22a here. Wlieii the lovulists re»iclK'>4, those in each community decided to provide dwelling's hy mutual co- operation. Accordingly they agreed to assist each other in clearing a site on every lot, conimencing at a given ci'ntre, and labouring together till the arduous task should be conipletd. Then in like manner, the various dwellings would be reared thereon. At Grand Joggin the farm of Cuptuin Craige was first vi.sited, location for residence selected by its owner and promptly prepared by the toiling settlers in that region. Meanwhile, tlie lovely homestead of Joshua Northrup just east of Hobbs' or Melancon'.s Brook west end of Plympton Section, on which the St. Croix Catholic Chapel and Cemetery are now located, was nimilarly improved ; also the lot of Philip Whatman in Marshall- town, and that drawn by Michael Burns, Waterford ; next those ^ William Saunders at Sandy Cove, Joseph Denton, Little River, Stephen Jones, Weymouth, and Joseph Smith, in Lower Clements, now Smith's Cove. On latter farm, Lot No. X, two Acadieii families were then resitlin;; a verv few Is east of the line since surveyed lengthwise through that lot, t »tter cellar being about one rod from this line on the north sit, A limited clearing had been efJ'ected by these pioneers on their respective holdings. They cut letters on a tree near their homes, probably initials of their iiom ile plume. The names of those French settlers are not available. They soon removed, probably settling in Clare with their nationality. Very soon after location of loyalist pioneers, John Milligan settled on Milligan's Swamp a little east of Marsh Road, Upper Rosswdy, but he died before September 29th, 1789. Pierce Purcell father of Mrs. Philip Whatman, on lot east of latter's subsequent home at Marshalltown. Joseph Northrup named in Robinson's Return of loyalists at Sissiboo, occupied Lot 5, south .side of the River. ' He afterwards sold to Peter Van Norstrandt and removed to Canada West. George Sutherland pioneer of Bear River, owned the tract extending westward from northern bank of King's Creek Cove at edge of the marsh, south 66° West, to Lines of Township of Digby ; thence along this line North 24" West, thirty three chains to line between said Suthcrlaiid and land of George Gunn ; thence along last named boundary N. 66° East, one hundred and fifty-eight Chains, to Corner of Gunn a lot; thence North 74' West, twenty-eight Chruns along Line of HHiftiiil^ ri^irtiaJili'diiii /iJiV. jiiiiiViiIiiiiir fc^rli^ihVrif JiWii.' > I A ' lii ft Jlfci^at^.»»— . *; Mmt^ m^ t ,^\ ^ I ■ -v<'\ r ; V, ^ .•'."■>.'■■.■ ■:;•-.',■■; . i ■ ■ <■•. J* : ■ ■ / ■ / ■ h .v.> i 224 OEOtiRAPIlY AND IIISTOUY suici George Ounn antl John Porteus, Esquire, to another li)t owned by said (ioor;i;e Gunn ; thence Hlon;^ lust nnined lino N»>rth iHV Eiist, alx)ut eij{hty-t\vo chains to liear River ; and from thence along said River to King's Cove atoresaitl.contniin'ng one thousand acres, more or less. This conif rised western fifth of the Hoare Grant, which Sutherland aopiired by Gnint of Clements issned February 20th, 17cS4. It became property of Daniel Isaac Brown after Sutherland's tragic death, and was occupied by John Stewart, to whom Brown and his partner Anna conveyed it by indenture, Juno 17th, 1794, for £185, "excepting the bower of Elizabeth, widow of George Sutherland, as assigned by the Commissioners named by Governor and Council, together with all houses and other buildings, including tish houses, barns antl store-houses, fences, orchards, garden, wells, ways, streams, water-courses, hunt- ing, fishing profits, privileges, and advantages " attached, not attecting the widtnv's share during her life-time. George Suther- land probably resided tm farm now owned and occupied by Edward Clark, Es(|uire, on old Road leading from Annapolis and Digby Post Road tt) Smith's Cove. Captain Julian O Sullivan Sutherland, who is represented by Robinson's Report " improving liyid at Bear River," resi St John, N. B., he .soM them to John Stewart, January 20th, 1793. They were bounded north b}' Carleton Street, south by lands of Richanl Hill, Esijuire ; and west by Birch Place. Hence, Captain Hill lived on lot; 22, Letter V; Liwrence Hortwicke on Lot 1, ' Block D. Terence Kerin, Esquire, owned Town Lots 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, in Block ilesignated " Se','ond P," which included his residence: Vjut the latter cannot hit definitely ascertained. Thomas Davenport lived on lot 11, Letter W. Since Chapters V. and XIV. went to press, these locations of early .settlers ju New Edinburgh were found : — Abigail Johnson ^'W ^TTOf p. ■\ii K- ,) ■■■ 1.11 ' WW 11) 5- OF THE COUNTY OF DIOHY. 22.V mother of William Johnson the merchant, liyeil on Lot No. 1, Block or Division Letter C, bounded nortii l»v a streit, east 1»v another street, south hy John Nicol's Lot, west hy vacant hinds ; William Johnson, on No. 1, Letter F, bounded north by a stro(;t, on the south by Lot of John Taylor, nest by a street ; Jacob Warner, No. 2, Block F ; John Hamilton, No. 3, I^'tter F. bound- ed north by Jacob Warner, east by John Taylor, south by Jacob Cornwell, west by the street ; Jacob Cornwell, Lot 4, in same Block, bounded north by John Hamilton's Lot, east by that of John Taylor, south by vacant lands, west by the street. Jesse Archibald owned Lot No. 1, Letter H, bounded north by the Common, south by lot of Michael Werner, east by John Taylor's land, west by the street ; Michael Weaver, Lot 3, Block H, bound- ed north by land of Michael Werner, east by John Taylor, south, by Henry Barr, Jr., west by the street ; Henry Barr, Jr., No. 4, Letter H. The vacant lands above named, were town lots assigned to the original Grantees, then absent. As nearly all the petitioners removed so early, probably the Patent was not for- mally is.sued by Governor and Secretary of the Province. Each town lot comprised ten acres. A street extenUV{«\wit^*-AJk^Jbwk.v. It':.* P^sV ;)i ■: nil llli! 'II ^■^^ ^ ,^^ „^,^ i ,, i 1 M^«I«n*>«' V' ■i ' * ^ i> r >fc»i W ^iM,»..Jb l>< ».' ' < t V n* | j | 1. i tf- ;! I t ._JP ^ ■fr-'. \'..i'-- 228 OEOOKAPHY AXi) HISTORY lx)unxst end of Plympton Section, now owned by Asa Porter of Grad lO Main High- way ; Timothy Sabean, a younger son of Jeremiah, Senior, on farm still farther east, now occupie Hard labour during many years of persevering indus- try, have marked the developmentsof our County from the prime- val forests to its present prosperous aiid attractive position. As the earliest .settlements laid near the shores of Bay of Fundy, Annapolis Basin, St. Mary's Bay or their tributaries, the tirst highways were opened along the border 'of some streams, though often traversing most uneven districts. This was especi- ally true of Lower Clements, Grand Joggin, and Digby Neck. The onlj'' pioneer road located far from courses of a large sheet of water, was then old post road from Annapolis to Digby. This innovation was occasioned by the heavy expense of bridging Moose and Bear River, as well as the Grand Joggin. Even this traversed air undulating region. Besides the thoroughfares already men- tioned as opened by the Western Sessions in their infancy, the road from along eastern banks of Grand Passay;ti and northern shore of St. Mary's Bay was recordetl in June, 1802 ; that from Bear River to Hollingshead's Creek, east line; of Digby Township \. } I ! M »t,^^,^ui^..'^^^ i'k,^^j:,ti,: ^ *, 232 GEOOKAPHY AND HISTORY i'Vir in 1804. Roiul from old Post road west side of Bear River to Digby, surveyed by John Harris, returnecfc>^ Beuben Tucker farm ; and (5eorge Holliiigshcad from latter point to Bear River Bridge at site of prt'sent town, with tho highway from Post Road along southern shore of Grand Jou«»in to HoUingshead, now Chute's Creek. 'oo* The Records of Western District Sessions contain no entries whatever concerning higliway labour until December, 1824, when a Surveyor of Highways was named for each of the following Road Districts then established ; — • No. 1. — That portion of Digby Town Plot south of northern Line of Church Street, and extending wostwaixlly from Town Bridge on St. Mary's Ray Street along Yarmouth Post Ivoad to western end Smelt Brook Bridge, foot of Keen's Hill, Marshalltown. No. 2. — That portion of Digby Town Plot bounded south by northern Line of Church Street, and extending westwardly from head of Carleton Street to Letteney's Corner, Racquettc Bridge Hill. . , i No. 3. — From Letteney's Corner to Tiirner's Bridge, Mount Pleasant, foot of Broad Cove, or North Mountain. No. 4. — From last named point to Lawson's Brook. No. 5. — From thence to Samuel Cosseboom's east line. No. 6. — Thence to Intersection of Broad Cove and Mountain Roads. No. 7. — From Letteney's Corner head of Racquette to Fisher's south line. No. 8. — Thence to Broad Cove. No. 9. — From James Budd's to Gilbert Post's east line near Williams* or Hutchinson's Brook, Upper Ross way. ' . No. 10. — From thence to east line of Gilliland Block. No. 11. — Last boundary to Jacob Smith's cast line, Waterford. No. 12. — ^Thence to. west side of Bridge over Griffin's Brook. No. 13. — From this limit to west line of Trout Cove Block. No. 14. — From latter Boundary to Saunders' Brook. No. 15. — To James B. Carty's east line. No. 16. — Last Division to Little River. No. 17. — Thence to Petite Passage. No. 18. — From Smelt Brook, Marshalltown, westwardly to Stony Brook. . No, 19, — Stony Brook to Young's Brook Bridge. OP tMe county of digbv. 237 M No. 20. — Young's Brook to Marr's Brook, SjHJcht's Cove. No. 21. — From thence to Savary's Brook, Plyinpton. No. 22. — Latter strcftni to fJilbert's or McCoiineU's Creek, east of Kinney town. ■ No. 23. — From Gilbert's Creek to St. Peter's Church, Sissiboo." No. 24. — Thence to Alder Cove, Sabeantown. No, 25. — From Episcopal Church to Weymouth Bridge. No. 26. — Corner of Poit Road and highway North side of Sissiboo River to Upper Falls. No. 27. — Old Sissiboo Bridge to Clare Township Line. No. 28. — From School House near Little Brook south side of Sissiboo River to Lower Falls. No. 29. — New Tusket Road from Sissiboo River Southward. No. 30. — Two Mile Board from centre of King Street, Digby, at junction of Yarmouth Post Road and Digby, and Annapolis Main Road, to Lee's Mills Acacia Valley. No. 31. — Craige's Hill westward to residence of James Haines, North Range. No. 32. — From latter's residence westwardly. No. 33. — Lee's Mills southward to the Shelburne Line. No. 34. — From Lee's Mills to HoUingshead Brook. No. 35. — Thence to Smith's Creek, in Smith's Cove. No. 36. — I it named Stream to Bear River Ferry. No. 37. — From Ferry to the Bridge. No. 38. — Bear River Bridge westwardly to Breakneck Hill. No. 39.— Latter point to Oakes' Barn._ u ■ '^ i' In the Township of Clare. No. 1. — Town Plot of New Fdinburgh, and extending southerly to Augustine Le Blanc. No. 2. — From thence to Grosses Coques Bridge. No. 3. — East side above Bridge to Ste. Marie Chapel, Pointe L'Eglese. No. 4. — From the Church to Jean Coraeau's Mill, Comeau's Brook. No. 5. — Comeau's Mill to Charles Melancon's residence. No. 6. — Melancon's to Charles Robicheau's dwelling. Iliif ■■'•'i'v;;- 238 - dEOORAt>HY AND HtSTORY No. 7. — From latter residence to Comeau's Cove. No. 8. — Gomeau's Cove to Cape Cove Bridge. No. 9. — Thence to Riviere aux Sauraon». No. 10. — Eastern side Salmon River to Yarmouth Township line. Long Island. No. 1.. No. 2.- -From Petite to Tiberts, -From latter residence to Grand Passage. Brieu Island. No. 1. — Called Southern District, extended from Grand Passage to Moses Rice's south line. No. 2. — Named Northern District, comprised remainder of highway to North Point. In re-arranging the Districts around southern side of Grand Joggin, the portion of old Digby and Annapolis Post Road between junction of Highway leading towards Smith's Cove and western limit of No. 39, comprising width of Sypher farm and western part of Tucker homestead then occupied by Henry Oakes, was not attached to any District. This for a time caused much inconvenience and considerable annoyance. Eventually the resi- dents of No. 34 to which as No. 2 it originally belonged, nobly consented to include this Tract in their limits. In 1828 these (Iterations suggested by experience, or rendered necessary by )pening new Roads were made : — No. 3. — Light House Road added. No. 11. — The Mountain Road by Gilbert Post's residence. No. 12. — Cross Road from Main Highway to Gulliver's Hole. No. 13. — George Gilliland's east Line to Jacob Smith's west Line. No. 14. — From thence to top of Griffin's Hill. No. 15. — From Summit Griffin's Hill to west Line Trout Cove Block, including Cross Road to Bay of Fundy. No. 16. — West Line Trout Cove Block to James B. Carty's east Line. No. 17. — Thence " to east Line of late John Gidney's farm." No. 18.— To David Tidd's east Line. No. 19. — Last boundary to Petite Passage. tt ^•' J. I ■.r: t ' I OF THK COUNTY OF DIOBY. 239 No. 20. — Same as old No. 18 with Abbot's Road and exten- sion to residence of Jacob Woodman added. No. 21. — Corresponded with former No. 19. No. 22.— No. 23.— No. 24.— No. 25.— «% M M it " 20. " 21. « 22. " 23. No. 26. — Comprised old No. 24, with extension to David Grant's west Line near Alder Cove. No8. 27, 28, 29 and 30 comprised same limits as late Nos. 25, 26, 27 and 28, respectively. No. 31. — Covered the area of former No. 29, with settlers on southwest side angle of Digbj Township. No. 32.— Indentical to late No. 30. JNo. 33. — Shortened more than one-half, was now limited between Bloomfield Comer and its former westerly bound. No. 31. — From west Line of District 33 through North Range Settlement. No. 35.— Same as old No. 33. No. 36. — Similiar to original 34. No. 37. — Corresponded to former No. 35. No. 38.— Indentical with old No. 36. No. 39. — Same as former No. 37. No. 40. — Consonant with late No. 38. No. 41. — Indentical to former No. 39. No. 42. — Extended from Bear River Bridge along Sissiboo Road- No. 4S. — Cross Road from Nichols Corner to Marshalltown. No. ^4. — Summit Craige's or Lee's Hill westerly to Bloomfield Corner, iuiluding those then residing in latter Settlement. No. 45 — Cross Road to Sabeantown on Abraham Brooks east Line, witl latter Street east of David Grant's western boundary. Township of Clare. No. 1. — Same as former District having that number. No. S.— Clare Township line to dwelling of Jacques Comeau. No. J. — From thence to centre of Grosses Coques Bridge including Second Division Highway between Doucet's and Coraeau's farms. » ^40 OEOGEUPHY AND HlSTORT No. 4.-~Centre of Giusse.s Coques Bvu\.^ to Ephmim Tlnbuult's Oi^,^;;;:\~ ^^-^'^ f^f«f ^o St. Man.-. Church, inchuling Second DiVLsiow, between Thibe.leuu's ami B.Midreuus farais. SeocS' DiTi'f ""; '^'^J^^T^ ^ P'«"J^^^^i^^ LeBIanc'., including ^oond Dnmon from Boudreau's to Damas Gaudet's. No 7.-^ From Benjamin LeElanc's to John D. Sanbier's with Second Division between Simon Saulnier's and Josepli Con.eau's r^;,?^' ^■"T^!*'''' :^^^'° ^ -ilaier's to east side ifeteghau Brid^P wvfch^Seeond Division b Lsv... Damase Theriault's and Co:ueaS^s ^ituL^'T^''^- ''\ °^ ^^^^^S^^^^ J^"Jg^^ to Isaac Robicheaii's with Second Division between Th. Theriaults and Thibedean'^ fixrms ^.n ^T /v •- i^™"' ^/^^^' ^'o5>icheau's to Anselm B. Doiice5\s with becond Division on Jesse Oake s Line. 1^0. U.-Ansdm B. Doucet's to centre Cape Cove Bridge. No. 12,— From thence to Salmon River. No. 13.— From the latter stream to the Yarmouth line. No. 1. No. 2. No. 3. Long Island. -From Northern Cove to lot No. 20. * -From th(?nce to east .^ide of Bridge on No. :;.'. -Thence to Petite Pas.sa"e. Brjer Island. \fn,^"pi"'' "'■ !:% ^ »"'"'■'— f™» ^"tl' »d of l3lan,l to Aloses Itice s south line, PoinT'''^^'''" ''' ^""^ '^ ■^i^trict.-From laat -boundary to Northern As settlements advanced or others commenced, :xnd population mcrea.sed, additional Districts were formed. In 18:^0 V,! Uo^ ^^T. rr t'^'f'^f ' ^^^'-''"^"'"S ^>y ^f^^in I^oad and' .xtondin-^ owards Tusket Iloa.l to Charles Gaud,>c"s. Cro.s P.-ad in Clare between Lots of JoseH. (;,,„,,„ ,,a pj,,,,.^ LeD!at,c: ci.stihu^d District No. 15 same T.rm. The limits of Xos. U and Is ,.' not found on the Pe.o.ds. The District, o. Lm-^Vslnd ^. revised m J 8:32 as follows:— '' ' " No. 1.— From Xorth East Cove to Lot :U, No. 2. — Froiu thence to Lot 37. v.f'1 OF THE COUXXr OF DIGBY. No. 3. — Lot 37 to Ciistorn line of No. .'n. No. 4. — Lot n»I tn Petite Passairf. No. 5. — Road to I •aitniiiUtli Farm. 241 bii' ■ \M '*■ hi 1833, Xi). 4G foriut'ily that part of No. 30 between Harris Brook and Bear River Ferry, was established ; also, Xo. 47 from Bear River Ferry to Lake Hill ; and Xo. 48 comprising Haines Cross Road and South Rau'^e west of that highway. X«». 41) between Trout and Stony BriHiks, Marshalltown, furnied, 1834. During December Term, 1835, X'o. '>() between Melancon's and McConnell's Brooks; Xo. ^l being Thomas or Bh)omfieId Road from eastern end to Van Buskirk's west line ; and Xo. 52 from Yarmouth Road to Provost or Duck Pond Lake, were formed in Digby Township. At same time, the Township Line Road from Digby and Yarmouth Post Road at John Holden's exten)( Sis^iitoo Ri\'_'r. was designated No. 54. That part ><( No. 0. Dig'ov. betweei. Edw, ri B'^lfp's w(.'>,t line and the Town l>i«:i:. •, '.wis ..•onstiuK-.-d No. ."■*•. < »ii L(.>ng Island, the tract from west line of lot G to lot 24, was recorded as Road DistriiH '">. This 'MnH |.'t-"> tiie r'-i.^nril to opciiin'i "f Di^'br Luunty Sc--i'.i.~ ;u l^:./>. :^[. cc will not permit hi". ; 'I'luulurs. 242 GEOORAtHT AND HISTOKV. 1 It i3 therefore omitted, though reluctantly. The reader will however, observe that no list of Koad Districts are named in the Contents of any Chapter. One of the earlier manufaeturies was a Fulling Mill erected by Daniel Ray previous to 1799, on a Brook some distance from the old highway called " Thomson's Road," also often styled " Broad Cove Road." Large quantities of homespun woollen cloth were dressed in this establishment. A Road from Thomson's Road to the Mill was opened by ihe old Annapolis County Sessions, July 19th, 1799. This was the last place of turnpike inaugurated by that Court of Se.ssions in present County of Digby. Splendid bricks were manufactured at a very early period by Joseph Syraonds in what is now known as Woodman's Brickyard at Little Joggin. Jacob Woodman and some of his immediate descendants, continued the business very profitably in later years. Another Brickyard was to be found in New Edinburgh. The only Tornado that visited the County occurred April 23rd, 18+7. It chiefly traversed the eastern and northern portions, notably Hillsburgh Township, where some buildings were demolished. No very extensive damage, however, was suffered. The Legislature in 1838 granted a subsidy of twenty pounds to one Oat Mill in each County. Two Competitors in Digby County applied for this bonus. William Johnson of Waterford obtained a Certificate trom Clerk of the Peace, July, 1838, under order of the General Sessions, that his Manufactory then in full operation, had existed continuously since 1831. This Mill stood on Johnson's Brook, southern side of highway. William Hobbs of St. Mary's Bay petitioned the Assembly in 1838 for aid to construct his Oat Mill which was erected on Hobbs' or Melancon's Brook, we.st end of Plympton Section, northern side of Post Road. This was origin of the bonus to each County. He had a similar Certificate from the Sessions, and obtained the County indemnity granted by the Provincial Parliament. George Barnaby was his miller. ^a * '■•■* ■ 4" r 1 V . ; Jtr .(^ ♦t : lii il i- , J 'iini.-.!i 4y Colonel Moody. In 1819, Digby Neck became a disHnct Parish. During Rectorship of Rev. William Bullock over Trinity Parish, several Churches were erected in the County. A Church was promptly constructed on a handsome site north of highway, donated by Major Robert Timpany. Lo\\\x iind Briar Islands were constituted the Parish of Westpoit in 1825. A Church was built on Brier Island. But the Di--^«'nters soon attracted the congregation, and the edifice was cotisiqiiently sold to Wesleyans. The Church at Barton on e.v^t* in side of Hewett's Corner, was erected about same period. May 14th, 1842, William J. Hunt conveyed site of present edifice in Marshalltown, on southern side of Old Post Road ami called St. Paul's, bounded westerly by Lot eighteen. Another was con- structed subsequently in Sandy Cove, on northerti NJile of Post Road. Benjamin Potter preJ^ented to the Society f«u- Propagation of the Gospel, one thousand six hundred feet of ground on western side of his farm southern side of old Road to Bear lvi\ er bounded southwestwardly by Edward Bryant's land. St Matthew's Church in western portion of Parish of St. Clements, comprising ancient Clements Township, was speedily reared tliereon. At South Range, one was built on northern side of highway a short distance westerly from the present Baptist Cha^ul mid Public School Building. When the Wesleyan sect was revived in Dii^by by Rev. William Sutcliffe as previously noted, the Warrin;jrt.'ii>, Letteneys and Starks were among principal adherents. As the Churches in Nova Scotia had been under care of English Coid\ience since beginnincj of nineteenth centurv, nearlv all the CI<»\'\ »"on were 0~ * ' V 111 natives of the mother land. Their labours wen- rewarded by crowded audiences, and many espoused their teach in.U"^, especially in the suburbs of Digby town, Cent)-evilie, Sandy C^^^', and Brier Island. Some at Smith's Cove also united with tluin. James Morehouse and Samuel Cornwell were leaders at < 'entreville. But many years elapsed before places of worship une erected. The successive Pastors at Annapolis preached at xaiious points of old Digby Township during second, third and lonrth decades of this Century. Finally, a commo'lious Chapel w i- ('instructed in Digby on northwestern corner of Sydney Street ut between Water and Queen Street's, previous to 1837. The sect was afterwards fjreatly aMod by GeorLje Ht'iideraon. Esquire, who removed to our County town from Annapolis, and pros(>cutfd an extensive mercantile business very proHtubiy for many years. On Brier Island, the VVe*leyans and Baptists eventually attracted the Episcopalian followers ; and the Methodists soon purchased the Parish Church. At Smith's Cove, the latter a.ssisted in building the first Baptist Chapel, on condition they should occupy it in proportion to their investment. The respective services, however, to be held without interference with those of either. At Brighton, Barton, and Plympton also, services were soon held, with similar results. William B. Bent, Es(]uire. a blacksmith with Israel L. Bent who emigrated to Brighton from the Annapolis Valley, were material aids to the cause. A Class comprising William B, Bent and wife, Major Durland and partner, Edward Everett and companion, Mr. and Mrs. Freeman Trufry, was formed. The first Wesleyan Church on St. Mary's Bay was erected. In Digby, the present handsome Church was built on south side Prince William Street. At Weymouth, William Payson, John P. Dahlgren and Edward H. Oalces were prominent early members. A small Chapel was soon erected on site of present People's Church, near northwestern side of highway south of lower Bridge, on a lot donated by Mr. Dahlgren. In 1856, the congregation at Sandy Cove erected the one now stantling on northern side of Post Road, west of highway leading to Bay of Fundy. A Union House of Worship, now occupierl e.Kclusively by Methodists, was built at Plympton, west of Road to Breakwater, about 1876. During later years, the adherents at Brighton and Barton, Bloomfield, Centreville, Upper Rossway, Culloden, W^eymouth and Smith's Cove, have completed commodious and pretty structures. Circuits have been establi.shed at Digby including Culloden and Smith's Cove ; Hillsburgh comprising pre.sent Township of Clements in Annapolis County : St. Mary's Bay, Bloomfield and Weymouth ; Digby Neck and Westport. Before the Chapel at Bloomfield was finished, meetings were held monthly by the Weymouth Clergy- men in dwelling of Charles Thomas and elsewhere. Meanwhile, the Baptists were advancing rapidly. The Revi- vals of 1804, 1806, anil 1800, under Messrs. To.vner, Crandall, and James Manning, had culminated in large additions to the pioneer Church, which led to establishment of separate Churches on Digby Neck, Brier Island, and in Clements, a^ alroidy de.scribed. In 1821, the Clements Church received many additions, who greatly strengthened the society, especially in Bi.-ar River. The formation of a distinct Churph was pn>posed, conceded, and duly instituted 246 Oi^OGRAPHY AND HISTORY -^ I at Bear River in autumn of 1821, as Second Clements or First Hillsburgh Church, including present Township of Hillsburgh, and having on its register the following members : — •Benjamin Potter, *Isiiac Marshall, 'Mrs. Abigail Marshall, Mrs. Silas Rice, Christopher Harris, Mrs. Elizabeth Harris, David Whitman, Mrs. David whitman. George Rice, Mrs. George Rice, Joseph Dunn, larael Rice, Miss Mary Miller, Miss Sophia Miller, Miss Ann Miller, Mrs. Edward Dunn, •William Dunn, senior ; — Deacons, David Whitman, Israel Rice ; Benjamin Potter, Clerk. These marked by an asterisk, resided west of mouth of the River. It is almost impossible to obtain particulars concerning formation of early Baptist and Methodist Churches during this and following decade, as many records are not available. The exact periods when places of worship were dedicated are equally uncertain. All positive statements, however, are reliable. Every statement is as nearly correct as can be ascertained All documents connected with Catholic and Episcopal Churches have been carefully pre- served. A Baptist house of worship was erected about 1827 on site of pre-sent Chapel at Weymouth Point. Another called " The Tabernacle," was also reared and soon completed at Mapletree Corner, Si.ssiboo, eastern side of old Post Road, on the original Hankinson farm. The Brier Island people arranged to build on present location. The ground was donated by William Rice. The era of Sermons in private dwellings, oarns, school houses, and the open air, was passing away. Religious freedom, coupled with increase of population and multiplication of capital, were inducing comfortable edifices for divine services in various centres. A more generous spirit by Episcopalians towards Dissenters was apparent. Each denomination. Catholic and Protestant, were worshipping freely as they desired. This happy consummation has since remained unbroken. Baptists were the most flourishing sect during first four decades of this century. In ail the English districts except town of Digby and the Post Road from Episcopal Church, Sissiboo, to the Bridge, they were rapidly preponderating. Pastors were stationed over all the Churches. This united and perpetuated the communicants. In third decade, several new structures were built. The Brier Island Church comprised fol- lowing members, on Tuesday, July 8th, 1828 : — Samuel Bancroft, Licensed Preacher; Franklin Potter, Andrew Coggins, Joseph Crocker, Deacons ; Loce Denton, Clerk ; Jacob Titus, John Rice, Mases Rice, James McDoraiand, John Peters, Jabez Snow, Moses Morrell, Ethel Davis, James Jeffery, Robert McDormand, John Medlar, Sarah Crocker, Elizabeth Coggins, Margaret Snow, Abi- gail Potter, Jane Bancroft, Deborah Morrell, Amelia Davis, Lois Collin.s, Anna Towner, Sarah Potter, Eliza Morrell, Mehitable if,' OF THE COL'XTY OF DIOBV. •247 II'" A Potter, Elizabeth McNeill, Anna Denton, Hannah Peters. Susan- nah Perry, Rebecca McDonnand, Jemima Lewis. A number of these livetl on Long Island. As time ulvanced and met.ibership increased, a distinct organization became expedient. March I7th. 1834, the Long Island Cliurch was constituted by Rev. Ebenezor Stronach with twenty-six members, — Joseph Crocker and Samuel Ring being chosen Deacons ; John Israel, Clerk. In following {rear, 1835, a House of Worship was erected in Bear River Vil- age, on northern side of Post Road near Blakeslie's Corner. In 1836, the members of Digby Neck Church livin^in Sandy Cove, Mink Cove, Little River, Tiddville, and East Ferry, united in forming the Second Digby Neck Church, with headquarters at Little River. One year later, the edifice still occupied was com- pleted at summit of Craige's Hill, on corner of Post Road and that through Digby Ridge. It was dedicated July 2nd, IS37, by Revs. Edward Mannini£, Charles Randall, Adam Wilson and Henry Saunders. The Baptists now re-entered Digby town. On Sunday afternoon, July 2nd, 1837, Rev. Joseph Crandall of New Brunswick, previously named, bn»ther of Peter Crandall who preached first Baptist discourse there twenty-eight years before, delivered a sermon in an unoccupied house. He was accompanieel was erected thoi-e before 1838, accortling to a Petition t>i Andrew Mouse, Chief of the Indians, presented to the House of Assembly by Mr. Holland, member for AnnaiKtlis County, February 16th, 1838, praying "a small Annual Grant by the Legishiture, to assist them in procuring the periodical attendance of a Catholic Clegyman for performing sacred duties in the Chapel lately erected in that settlement." This memorial was " Ordered, To lie on the Table." No further action was taken thereon. Tlie most industrious oleared and greatly improved their portions, particularly the Chief and his son James Meuse, who succeeded to the Chieftancy after his father's death. Tliese improvements benefitted them largely, and also cemented more closely the ties binding them to British rule. The Commissioner for Indian Affairs appointed by the Pro- vincial Goveniment, periodically donated blankets and other neces- saries towards their comfort. But no amount ' i influence could persuade the authorities to aid any reli'Tious movement in their behalf. Efforts to christianize, must eniiinate from [uivate sources. These, when tested, proved mostly ineffectual. The enterprise was ultimately abandoned. At first meeting of Western Association in Yarmouth, June 7th, 9th, and 10th. 18ol, the Xictau.x Church, l)y letter, suggested instituting a Baptist Mission among the Acadian French, especially in Pigby and Ya\ mouth Counties. In 1847, John W. Barss, a* wealthy merchant of Wolfville, had subscrilxjd five pounds as nucleus of a fund for this purpose. After considera- tion the lJeared. In 18.'>0, Klder Michael Normanday, of Grande Ligne, became his successor. Additional conversions and baptisms were reported in successive years. A sraall building for religious services was completed at Plympton in 1861, It stood on northern side of Post Road just west of Purdy's Brook. In 1864, the Board announced an interesting Saijlnith School ; also reported a tract of land at Saulnierville, Clare, having a dwelling, had been purchased, and the mission removeers, twenty-nine of whom were converts of the mission, though but ten were redeemed from Catholicism. It must be remembered, however, that this Church was erected on St. Mary's Bay with Xorth Piauue, Wagoner, Doucet and Burton Settlements in the rear ; ami did not include the Converts in Clare, nor yet those residing in Yarmouth. In 1883, Mr. Normandy removed to Weldford, Xew Bruns\nck. Rev. F. E. Rouleau of Canada, succeeded him as Missionary in April, 1885 ; but after an unfruitful incumbency, resigned in 1890, and became a citizen of Manitoba. The mission is now vacant, and the premises at Tusket, Saulnierville and Plympton passeil into other hands. While these ettbrts were pn^gressing, the English Baptists were advancing. In 1849, the first Chapel in New Tusket was erected, just west of highway, on laud presented by John ^lullen, (IJhapel at Sandy Cove was erected in 18.56. About four years later, the people of Bear River opened the pre.sent fine sti-ucture on .southern side of old Cross Roatl leadiuLC from Post Road west side of IJis er to its mouth, a short distance west of last named highway. In same year, one was erected in Beaver Rivtjr on wt.-item side rtf Post Boad, about quarter of a mile southerly from Yarmouth County i 252 GEOORAPHY AND HISTORY line. Tlie Church iit Fivt'iM»rt was huilt in I8»)l ; that of Tivyrton in 1865, Thirty-four mem^KTs of Loni,' IsUmd (.'hurch resi(lin«» at centre ami east of ishmd, were n^gtilarly ooustitutod the Tiverton Church in 1872 — Chosley O'Singer, D»'acon ; Charles J. Pyno, Clerk. In 1874, six Baptists of Carleton, Yanuouth County ami Forest Olen, Dighy County, united in foruiing the Forest Glen Church — John Gavel ami William Brittain, Deacons ; Z. C. Vickery, Clerk. In 1873, a new placo of worship at Weymouth was reported to the Convention hy Committee on State of the Denomination. N"ew Houses of Worship were dedicated at Centreville, New Tusket and Little River in 1876, or follow- ing year ; at Xorth Range Corner, May 6th, 1877 ; at Barton, November 18th, 1877 ; at CuUoden in 1884 ; Smith's Cove, June 13th, 188G ; about the same j^eriod at Upi^er Rosaway within limits of the Digby Church ; and at Plympton, March 25th, 1888. The Second Adventists made their appearance in Bear River about 1842. Rev. William M. Ingham was an early preacher from the United. States. A Church was formed, consisting of Israel Rice a founder of the First Hillsburgh Baptist Churcb, and others. A place of worship styled " The Tabernacle," was built on southern side of the highway leading up the River from the town, a short distance west of the bridges over West and East Branches. The sect spread to Smith's Cove, where another Church was subse- quently formed. Services were held in tlu- Grange Hall, adjoining ttie Post Otlice. Edwai-d W. Potter, Esi[uire, Postmaster, was the leading spirit. A Cha[itd was erected about 1875, on northern side of highway from Victoria Bridge through Smith's Cove, about twenty rods west of Mr. Potter's residence. Xo other branches were established in the County. The Disciples of Christ, often called Campbellites, also entered the County in same decade. Elder Donald Crawford at present time of New Glasgow, Prince Edward Islaml and "Editor of Tlie Chri8tian, visited Southville in winter ot 1852. From thence he proceeded to Lower Rossway, where he preached in the school house, creatine much interest anioni:' the vouth. These services were opposed by many in the community. He next visited Duck Pond Settlement now Southville and Riverdule. After descrii)ing his interj)Tetation of the Bible to Stephen Steele and John E, Wagoner, in latter's residence, Crawford aoce[ited Mr. Wagoner's invitation to preach next day. He afterwards left, but returned three weeks ♦ ■■11 or THE COUNTY OF DTGBV. 25d later, when Mr. Steele was immersed. During a subst-quent visit, Wagoner with two sons and iwo daughters ilso became Disciples. About close of 1852, five others having ioined the six already named, the eleven were constituted the earliest Church of Disciples in the County. Though a few besides were immersed in different sections, no other societies were then formed. Crawford found some warm friends on Briar Island among Ba^itists and others, but no followers appeared. In 1859, the Disciples Cliurch at Milton, Queen's County, desi)atched Elder George Garraty to Westport. He immersed a number, who were ornnized into a Church. Although these Churclies were one hundred miles from any others. Elder Crawford frequently visited them. Elders Joseph A. Gates, Harris Greenlaw, and several others, visited South Range and Gulliver's Cove, as well as Westport and South ville during succeed- ing years. In 1876, the South Range Church was instituted, Thoaias J. Zeiglor and Benjamin Marshall being leaders. Another was formed in Gulliver's Settlement, managed by Geopge Thomas and others. These are all the branches ever formed within the County. Houses of Worship were erected on Briar Island, at Southville, Gulliver's Cove and South Range. The Presbyterian denomination has a small Church in Digby and at Bay View, composed chietiy of the Turnbulls and other descendants of the immigrants who came from Scotland in last century. They formerly held services in ♦"he old Temperance Hall ; but have recently purchased the Baptist Chapel on Queen Street, where meetings are held occasionally by tlie Pastor in Annapolis. The Seventh Day Adventists was introduced to Tiverton by Mr. Charles Robbins a son of George A. Robbins. In November, •1892, Amos E. Outhouse and family, James MacKay and family, with Byron Outhouse and family, became adherents. A Church was formed, comprising adult members of those households. When as previously noted, Governor Kempt left Halifax, October 5th, 1826, accompanied by Captaii). Leith, of the British Array, to visit western Counties of the Province, he received a most cordial reception everywhere. Hence, his successors would not hesitate on that account, to undertake similar journeys. Lord Falkland commissioned in 1840, .imidst the stormy jioUtical con- tests, afforded Digby another welcome oppiitunity to deuioustrate her univi-rsal hjyalty. Be>, Her V.Jnl ^'^' ^f^^'^ ^^ ^^^ P"''-''^"^^^ ^"^^^^-^t evinced by Your Excellency m these repeated visits and we believe that thdr tendency will be to promote the welfare of the people and strengthen our ccanexion with the Parent State. ^ n]p«!L' r"^"^ ^^'" ""'f respectfully beg Your Excellency will be plea ed to convey to Lady Falklaneen pleased to confer upon us by this visit, and ou be \Mshes that It may be attended with pleasure. Digby, 26th August, 1844." His Exc«dlenoy was pleased to make the following ^ , • REPLY. " Gentlemen. : — I have much satisfoction in thanking you in the name of the yneen, for the expression of loyal attachment to Her Majesty conveyed m your Address. -viajesiy I feel very sensibly the kind reception you have uow as her. '-■ - tore extended to me on the occasion of my visit to this beautilVl neighbourhood, and am gratified by the statement of vour oimiiun that the tendency of such visits on the part of the" Soven-iau's Representative is to promote the welfare of the peopl... and tivwr. then the cimneetion ..f the. Colony with the Parent kuitc. bidy Falkland desires that I will ..flV-r vn,, her acknowl.MJunu.nts for your hearty welcome, which has added much to the ptu.nrn with whieh her visit to this romantic part uf tli. .mu.t.v iLu-.-a attended. f f?r !i it,,. rl OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 255 In continuing a review of the educational work, special prom- inence is given to the visit and Lectures of James William Dawsim, Esquire, first Pnviiicial Superintendent of Education, under twenty-third section of the School Act, passed in 18.")0. It was emphatically the dawning of a new era in literary circles, since the masses were then primarily addressed on the momentous subject of education by a representative of the Government. While space will not warrant insertion of his entire Report to Hon. Joseph Howe, Provincial Secretary, the following copious extracts are cheerfully given. He Lectured in Court House, Digby, May Ist, 1851, and in th« Sessions House, Clare, on Wednesday, May 7th, 1851. The meeting in the District of Clare was respectable. I addressed the audience in English, and Rev. Mr. Geary rec, out of a total of fifteen hundrcl children estimated in the School Commissioners District, comprising all the County .-xcept Clare. School buildings of fair size and very respectable in area and style, were nov/ being erected by voluntary subscrii)tion in almost every settlement." The extensive school districts were divided by the people, or in some t 1 2n6 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY cases, by the Cnminis^ioners. Tlios*; in towns and villages were liiuitftl liiento ; whili' tauh nuiil luuulet bounded generally by a forest or some natui-.il feature of the laiulscaiie, oomprised a single district. These usually covered from two to five miles. Some- times, two houses exi.sted in one lengthy settlement, while a few were without such buildiu;.cs. Everything in educational matters depended on individual aft ion. WHiile the inhabitants were being trained slowly to appreciate advanced methods, but little practical work was accomplished. Most of the structures erected in the fourth and fifth decades of present century, were from fifteen to twenty-five feet square, and well fini.shed. Some were built by a single generous person, and opened for benefit of the public. Among the houses of these {)eriods were that Digby Ridge in 1840, on line between lots three and four, northwestern side of highway ; North Range Corner, about same time ; in Bloom field east of Railway Crossing, northern side of Road ; on southern side of Road from Sainton River to Springfield, nearly two miles from St. Mary's Bay ; at Broad Cove ; in ^larshalltow n ; a second one in South ville ; one at Xew Tusket in 1840, on the hill south of West or Carleton Branch of Tusket River, west side of highway ; 11. C. Sabean, Sr., built another on his haul now owned by a son of same name, east of highway, and north of latter's residence. A third wa., constructed in northern section about 1842, north of Ford's; in Kinneytown, on southern side of Post Road, near eastern Line of Lot seventy-five; at Plympton, on western side of Road leading' to Plympton Station, east of that Street ; at Freeport from Post Road to Dartmouth Farms. Many teachers were then emi)loyeopulated by removals, a benevolent P^ngHsh ('mnj.iuiy styled "Dr. Bray's Associates," had meatiwhile furnislii-d a small yearly stipend towards salary of the teacher for tin* frw residing around the Joggins and at Jordantown, on condition that the parents should provide the board and lodgings. Tin- project was but partially successful, from lack of interest by tliot- s()ught to be benefitted, coupled with lack of keen preceptions in many cases. The uncertainties surrounding employment of teachers and payment of salaries under prevailing >y .tcm, deterred them from securing requisite education for the work. In some sections, no schools were taught for successive years. This deplorable dilemma eventually led to a valuable solution, hi 1864, the Compulsory Education Act passed the Provincial I'arliament. Under its salutary provisions, a radical change to<.K place. Heretofore, the people of Digby County had depended entirely for literature upon outside production In 18.i7, a deaf muto named David A. Nicholson circulated tin- Prospectus of a weekly newspaper devoted to local interests, u Im !i \v(juld be issued weekly in Digby from beginning of 1858, to be fulli'd the Weekly Athena'wrii. But this commendable enterprise proved a failure for want of 3ufRcisnt patronage. A second ventun; was launched on Tuesday, December 6th, 1859, by Messrs. Albtit K. Dodge of Annapolis County, and Ingraham B. Gidney, r,(Mi of Angus M. Gidney, formerly Editor of the Yarmouth Hrrahl, a native of Sandy Cove in this County, who then issued in Di^'l.y the first number of " The Acadian, an eight paged weekly pap, by John A. Cossett & Son, Proprietors. The latter John Byron Cossett was Editor and great grandson of Lewis G. Cossett, of Smith's Cove. It was designated " A Jounial of Art, Science, Literature, and General Information." Tliis continued to close of 1867. Sub- scription price and terms of advertizing were identical with those of its predecessor. The County was without a printing establish- ment till Friday, September 18th, 1874, when R. S. McCormick published initial number of the DiciBV Weekly Courier, having similar dimensions of the Examiner, at SI. 50 per annum. All those papers were neutral on Sectarianism, and independent in politics. The Courier has continued uninterruptedly to the present, though passing successively into hands of (Charles E. Farnham and W. T. Ford as Editors. In 1887, it became an exponent of Liberal principles. Consequently, The Cn/ivuluin was inaugurated Thursday, December 10th, 1891, by the "Canadian Printiu'' and Publishinu- Co., Limited," on east side of Water Street, Digby, one lot north of foot of Church Street, as the exponent of Conservative tenets, being a four pageil paper 22 x 28 inches. It was edited by J. E. Jones, M. D., with Charles E. Farnham as Business Manager. At same time, Mr. Ford wielded the Courier's editorial pen. A lively warfare of words with a thorough canvass for subscribers now commenced. After finding both papers could not flourish on such limited ground, with two at Weymouth and one in Clare, the Weekly Courier again donned political independence, and the Cttnad'uin ceased publication in 1893. While the "Courier" was being published by a Company, Kev. E. d'Homme Cure of St. Vincent, Salm(>u Piiver. obtained a column on fourth page, for benefit of Aradiens, to be printed in that language. Thi.s was not, however, fully satisfactory to that cla.ss of our citizens. Valentine A. Landry, a descendant of Rone Landry, who married a relative of Charles De La Tour a school teacher, began UEranrjdinti, in Digby on Wednesday, November 23rd, 1887, assisted by Joseph A. A. Cullen. It was about size of The CitnadifKii, published v\'eekly, at $1.00 per year. Mean- while, Weymouth was thriving rapidh , and attracting a large share m i ■!'';:■ n' > V ' OF THE f:0l TY OF IMOBV. 159 of public attention. Xewspapci ventures were invading every vacant centre. This great luni])ering mart couUl not reniuin unoccupied. Eugene J. Hainer formerly of ting that estimable profession frc^m securing iei[uisite educatlmi. \n some sections no schools were taught during successive yeai'f. However, this deplorable dilemnui eventually led to an ade([uatf' solution. In |H(U, Piirliauumt enacted the Compulsory Eilucation Ac|i. Under its saliHiiry provisions, sweeping improvnnieiits sof)^) transpired. The country was carefully surveyed, and hiiundarics of ali|io3f; every scjiord district > haugtjd in the line of accommoda- tion for faupils. Each section was now assigned by u special nania. 260 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY This introduced new sub-divisions and different designations in many cases. Some communities had sek^cted such within a few years, either at public meetings or through a religious or benevolent society in the vicinity. Several were established when petitioning for establishment of Post Offices. The prosperous settlements on Long Island around Grand Passage had been named Freeport in 1840. That on east end of same island was called Tiverton some years later, from that borough in England, long rei>resented in Parliament by Lord Palmerston, the renowned British statesman. The beautiful han 'et foruierly known as Trout Cnve, was designated Centreville ; that between latter and the Sea wall, VVateiford ; the district east of Sea Wall to east line if Gilliland Block, Lower Rossway '. that east and extending to town Plot of Digby, Upper Rossway. The settlement iirouud Bay of Fundy called Broad Cove, was named Culloden, from a British ship of that name driven ashore thei v, by a gale in autumn of IS.'O. The Light House Road hamlet was called IViy View: that .. ' opposite side of the Racquette, Mount Tleasaut. The Baptist Church at Gnind or Digby Joggins, was named Hill Grove in 18»)2, which was afterwards applied b. tlio School Commissioners to the Section comprising west side of Crrand Joggin with Shelbnrne Road to Marshalltown, and also imrth-ea-^lern imrtion of Digbv Ridge to division line between Lots one and two of Separate < rrants. June 7th, lH7n, the citizens of Pigby Ridge to eastern Line of Hatfield Grant, in special iiKseting, adopted the distinction for that tract also, which 'ncluded a part of the Selionl Section just described. About same time, the name Hainesville [deviously applied to Section 8, including western part of Digby Ridge, Bloomfield, and North Range, to Line between Barton and Coleman Grants ending rin western Line of lot eighteen, Hatfield Patent, was given by reslileiits to the district of North Range between latter point and Wiist boundary of Hill Grove. The settlement on West Branch of Pujil' tllver was called Morganville ; that on Sissiboo Road first ioUtlierly from Bear River Village, Milford. The pretty village at lend oi* Ht. Mary's Bay south eastern side to Weymouth Township ,|li< ' hie Brighton; while the western portion received the U" ^dvme " Barton," in remembrance of Lii'ufeiuint Colonel .1 . * I h Barton, the reuowned warrior and loyalist. The Everett Settlement was named Plymiihm ; the Section ar-jimd Lower Falls of Sissiboo tliver north side Weymouth Mills. The Wagoner Bottlt'inenfe south of SJ33|bolitic»il »igitrttii»iis und changes. These seasons artected every section, however remote from Provincial Ciipital. The refusal i«f His Mnjesty's Council to sanction numerous ijrant« ot munev for hiijhwavs in hist decade of eighteenth century, prevented tiie construction of Po«Jt Roads from Digby to Sissib >o, and also frt>m that town to Pttite Passage and Westport. An attempt had been made in 178iS to open forTiiei* highway by appointing John Warwick of Dighy, Thomas (iilbert 3rd of St. Mary's Bay, and JesMi Hoyt of Sissiboo, Coujudssioprrs for that purpose. They issued a Contract to Henry Armstrong, Henry Rutlierford, and Francis Armstrong ot Digby, for cou- structingu of Windsor, who represented Hants County since ITHrJ, was elected to the Assembly fi>r Xt-wpitrt as previously stated. He hail in;vnitd Eliznl^eth a daughter of Isjinc Bo«melI, Ks([.,()f Digby, by his tirst pjirtn^, February iNtli, 179'^. Naturally a truf piariot, he tlierefore <'spt)used tlie public weal, uniting with Annapolis and Digi)y meitd)ers and others, in procuring the much needed Grants. Success innuediately crowned those efforts in behalf of Digbv and other sutferino; Districts. W^hen the memorable Brandy Dispute arose in ld : — :'f- Yeas. — Dimock, Dill, Forman, Ruggks, Freeman, Bishop' Wier, Crow, Heckman, Church, Lovett. Archibald. Rudolf. J. R. DeWolf, Oxley, vStewart, Jfurdoch, J, Morton, R. Smith, Young, Dick.son, B. DeWolf, Homer, Law.son, G. Smith, Shey, Chipman, J. R Morton, Harris, Roach. — -JO. Nays. — Uniacke, Hartshorne, Barry, Poole Johnston. — 5. Every member was in his place. The Appropriation Bill was sent to the Council, but they refused acceptance : — and a revenue of about .t2.">0,000 was lost to the Province. The Session was then prorogued by Hon. Michael Wallace, Senior Councillor, in absence of Governor Maitland. Much «lissatisfactior. prevaijotl concerning action of Co\uicil, and tiie people prepared to vindicate coui'se of their Representatives. King George III. having dieil January 29th, 1830, fourteen days before opening of Provincial Parliament, the Assembly lapsed on reception of that announce- ment. The General Election heM in followinc!: summer, ivas naturally conducted on the Brandy Question. An unuustakeable verdict was given. Ever\' leader of the Assembly s position except Beamish Murdoch one of tlu- members for Township of Halifax, was triumphantly returned. Digby Township, however, rejected John E. Morton, thus endorsing the Family Compact of Twelve, sitting with closed doors. When the Lenislature con- vened in November, 1830, Saujuel G. W. ArchibaM tlw brilliant orator and famous jurist, rt-presentinir Halifax County with William Lawson, (Jeorge Smith and Jotham Blanchaid. was re-elected Speaker of the House, despite violent opposition by the Council. A Revenue Bill omittiuof cortee and ujolasses. was introduced. When Is. 4d. dutv on Branrlv was moved and seconded, there appeared : — ■•4.1* ~ -^if-n •m»fm\im. ~ i i;5't OF THE COCNTV OF DI<;KV. 267 Yeri.ii. — Chipni.in. Fonnan, SlifV. Huntiiiijton, Frt.t'iusin, T. Dickson, Wier, OxL-v. Hu-.'lo.s. Blancluu-l. B. L)e\V.,If. \L I),> Wolf, \V, H. Roach. Homer C. Roai-h. .Morton, Youti-, Harris, Are'iiihalil, Smith, vSttnvart Heckman, RuiIdII:'. -T. R. DeWoIt', Lovett, R. Dickson, Ct>chran, Lawson. — 2>'. .Vayx. — Cavanagli, Uniackc, Barss. Crt'ighton, Johnston, Bu^tion or aniemhiients : and so happily terminated the disastrous altercation^^. • The impending strug:^lc for Rcsf.onsihie Government was next culminated by another triumph of the popular will. In tliis contest, people of Digby supporte7. Tl^'se men — Francois Bourneutt. tr..'mberof As.seuiblv foi' Diobv Countv : Peter Smvth. of Inveiness : Thomas H. Fuller, for Richmond : John McKinnou. of Sydney now Antigonish ; Henry Martt^ll, of Arichat Township; Mathurin Robicheau, for Clare ; ami James McKeagney, of S}dney in Cape Breton — crossed floor of the House at commeiK^ement of Se.ssion in that year, takitig seats on opposition o;- C'.'uservative benches. Stranger even than this«lraina to observer-, p.pjM.'ar-d the conduct of two Protestants, representing Districts inhil;irfd largely '>y Catholics, — William A. Ht.>nry. tin- other Reprt}>ent;ii:ive of vSydrey Countv : and John C. Wade, sitting tor Tov.n-hin of Digl)\' s.:i;'. includin;/ Hillsbur'rh als(.). As latter District w is not niainiv Catholic, hi> cour-e was most -i^■verelv criticised. We woul-l, 2ily accepted as Viefore noted. The second eml>raced a scheme for Union of the Maritime Provinces — Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island — which soon expanded into a revival of the Confederation of all British 'North American Colonies, originally proposed by the celebrated Earl of Durham in 1830, while arbitrating for settle- ment of sectarian and political disturbances in the Canada.s. This unnecessarily renewed much of former religious horrors amonij manv Protestants. While it wmild abolish all Customs iluties between the several Provinces, a prepmid.erance of French and other Caname, next forwarded their Protests to England in \S{jr,, while the ■ '' , HJ 270 •lEOCRAPHV AND HISTOKV Imperial Parluimont u.is ciisi.lorin- the M...i.t,n.. hi this too they were disappomr.-.i, thoiP^t. mo^t ur-t-ntlv phM.lin- their inahenaMe nght to ! .i-h- the .piestion for the,n>elves. The Koral Frou anuiu.-n stion ha.l eclipse.1 former ,ssue>. Some ohl Lil;erals joined with former Lou.servatives m a-lvueary of the T.'nion ; while other Tories of by-gone years .too. I with lute Whij^s in opposition. Puhlic ineetnigs hel.l in every eonsi.leraMo settlement, were addressed by prominent members of both factions. Campaign literaLiuv was nuKt freely and universallv distributed. John C Wade Lsquire, Speaker of last A.ssembly. a warm support.T of the measure^ ottered tor Honse of Commons on Affirmative side • Alfred NVSavar^.hs,,., barrister, grandson of Xathaii Savary an early sett er at Plympton, was nominated in opposition For Provincial As.sembly, Colin Campbell :}rd late memk.-. and John B. Me ancon of Clare, tor [ nion : WilliamB. Vail of Weymouth, and and Lrbine D..ucet of Meteghan River against new departure After a mo.st exciting Contest, involving thorou:,d. and persistent canvass by bothparties, the Anti-Confederates -vere electefrt they have been inchnled without their consent. After d.-bar.'. th- f{ouv- divided theivon as follows.— o ^'^'^•Vr;^^*''''"'"'"^- -^-••^^"'■''\^' Anti-ohus. Avtoun. Bagwell. Barnes Barry of Dungarvon, Baxt-r. Bri-ht of Binidn-liam, Bri-ht of prn ! V ' * foi^-JE^UiU':-; l i. I- v. ■.• Mill Ob' THE a)LXTV OF UHJISV, 27 r MiUieliustt r, BnlkoK'y, ('anillish, C'jirt>'r, CUiy. C<».r*ni Coi'li.illy. Craiwfoifl of Ayr. Cimw k'unl of fiou.loti. H il^lt-ish. Dtniu.ui, h.- Ln PotT, Dt'iit, F")t'\.'n'U\. D'lIIwxn, Riiri< ' I. Krskirh.'. Kuvvcctr, FiMi's. Fit/williiun, Forpuii'M-. Foclyc Foi-rcr of \V,iU;ill, t. (ireijoi V. (Jrt'ville of lioii-fford, (Iimv of Kiik-'niiv, (iiuiicv of Pfnrvn. H;i'IHfM. Hanis. Hn^Iirs of ( 'acniui'van. Kn.jlns ..f Ltimln'tli, Komifdy, Ktiatclilnill, Laliouclien', Lt'ciiiaii, Luatliaiii. Lyttk'ton, McKvoy, Mcfiiron, ^[ai;ui^l^ Martin of lloc'iU'>»tt r, NHIl. \ritchell of Bl•i(l^l•|lo;•t, Milton. .Vlooro of Tippciai-y. Motrison. Warner, Woituelin, Wliitc, Whitwarth, Wintcrljothani, WvMe. Youni; of Canii»ii/s. — .NJessrs. Ay, Allon, Arclxlall. Arkwni,'!it, Baj^null, Barclay, Barini; of HnMtin;^'otj, Batlmrst, Bead) of (Jloucestcr. Beach of Kants, Bfresfonl. BornanI, Bidltil- joh of Denbihani, Blake, Blennt-rhasst'tt. Brett, Biowne of Mayo, Bruce of Wiltshire, Bitice of Coleraine, Bryan. Burrell, Butler of Canterbury, Buxton of Kind's Lynn, P>uxton of Surrey, Calciaft, Canlwell. Cartwriyht, Oastieros^e, (.'ave of Barnstaple, Cave of New Shorehani, Cavendish of Sussex, Clinton of Newark, CMve of Ludlow. Coliltald. <^>lthur.-it. Connolly. (Jorry, Cox, Crein<»rne, Dalkeith, Davenport, niiiis.hilf. JVIsraeli, l>odsr>n. DuCane, Dunne, Dyott, Eaton, Kdwards of Beverley, Ejiferton of Chestershire Sdd, Floyer, Forde, Forte.soue of Louth, FreshHeM, Gaselee. (lavin, William Ewart Ghulstone of Lancastershire South, (Jlynn of Shaftesbury, (Jodtlard, Coldsmid of Houlton. Cordon, ({ore of Shropshire, (Jo.schen. Greene, Oretifell, (ireville of Wostnit-ath, Gray of Morpeth. (Jrosvt'nor of Westminster. Guinness, (jurney of Southampton, Hamilton of T\rone. ( Jathoine Hardv of Gxfoid I'nivei.'sitv, Hervev, Hav of Stamford, Havtt-r, Heatllam, Henea<;(;, Herbert of Sti"o[)shi(e, Hoyujat'', Hildyard. Holford, Hood, Hornby, HuddltMuore, Hunt, Hui-lake. of Colchester, Karslake of Kt-nt. Kavatiah. K.-own, Kiui^ of Herefoi-d, Kiu^r of Kinij's County, Kinijlaki' of Bi-id!4wat«'r, Kinnaird, Knox of Dun^aniion, [iau/.i'ii. Lascelles, L' ehmi.-re. Lefroy, Lennox of Chichesttr, Li'ldell, Lvndsay of Abingdon, Lowe, Lu^k, McKi'tma, MoLa^xati. M \.irin'4;, M.»yo. Millar Mellv, Miles, .\[otiati. Moncrietf Monta 'U, M >nt.!omfrv. Mori:an 272 <;E0GRAPHV and UfNlKKV of Brt-ckru.d<. Moigan of Moni,..,utl.. Monis of CmMina,ti...rw o Antn.n. Su.ith of Cl.icl.est... S.nith of k.-^f , " ^ ^::: .Stan vc I, Stoph>r.I. Stuart of B...IfonI, Syk.s of Beverh-v. Ta W VVh. ...ore, W.Ihau.son. Wis.. Wynn of Merioneth. Wv f Mo,jt^.>.uery.sh.re-lN.S. M„jority ..rninst, OG. Tl o S ,e leer Right Honourable Joh„ Evelyn DenniS.n, presi.lin.,.. ,|i.l no vole" thr. h'''7 ',''"r' '■""' ^'^^^'"^ '"' ^'>^' MUestio.T Hence ht hee humlre.1 and e.^^htv-seven Representatives were then prese ma House c<;mpnsinor six hun.lre.t'anci fiftv-oise Haight and John Stewart, Deputv SlKM-.rt, they purchased one-foui 4, of the Schooner Ferehre aiui Phoeh. ot Co. David Farming. The owners placed her on VV est India route F md.ng this ves.sel unsuitable for the service Capt. Adam Walkc-r and Widian Franklin Bonnell. senior son of brst partner were added to the Hrm. which was then desi^^nated Bnnnel Budd M Co. .>ecunng capital from Budds friends in England thevc..nstrncte tor Barbadnes, comn.anded by Capt. Walker, and n.anne.l bv a tull crew ot con.petent mariners. Assurance Companies w'ere hen unknown. Ihe heavy investu.ent was entirelv in power of the elements. I nr.e passed ; n<. tidings came. At feiu-th all wa.s ^■■i 'M i I. !r« f . OF THE roL'NTY Oh IW.WW '27.1 Al»>uitloruM| in (lts[mir. Tht* nohle niercluintmaii \vitl» nil on Im»\iiI h»ul evidently l.rcoMu- u juvv to the unknown, Prostrated Ity j/rief the senior pjirtner yielded to death's sunmnTH simrtly after. Captain Walker's property was sold to satisfy his proportion of the iialtilitv. Mr. Hudd havin, to Charles Budd, first named. It was situatetl on Montague Street or Row, boumled north by Edward K. Timpany's water lot; south by water lot tif late William McDonnell : east by low water mark ; and west bv h'tjh water maik. This was loeition of the oiii^inal store of Rutherford Si Xash. The firm of Fowler Bros . had lapsed by decease of its members. Their deseemlants removerl to present County of Annapolis, where some pnigeny still remain. Joseph Fitz Randolph, *James Crowley. Thomas Beaman and VVilliam McDonnell, were contemporary merchants with some of the foregoing. Later, James H. Fitzrandolph William Burnham, •Edward J. Budd, *Edvvard M. Marshall, Edwin R. Oakes, John R. Mead, William F. Turnbull, Luke Quinn, Robert S. Fitz Ran- dolph, George Henderson, E{. Raymond &^ Sons followed. Then the present establishments of Edmund Buiidiam, *G. 1. Letteney k Bro., Guptill Jc Young, J. L. Peters, Turnbull \' Welsh. Smitfi k Allen, rf. [j. Turnbull, C. R. S. Mason. Boot and Shoe Dealer, with smaller houses, comprisi- present merchants. Liquor venders were always numerous. AH the oldest tradesmen w ».ie licensed for this purpose. Hence they were sold in same buildings with other merchandize. Thest.' ivmarks apply al.so to smaller dealers tJiJ-ouron: sit (Jilbrrt's C'ove about IT-'iitS, wliicii li»; niJiiMtiun''il wliili" lioilfli jxfmittnl. Tlii- was pieujier ».'rtoit on St. M,ii-v > B;iy »'nst uf Si»iK()i) (liwr. An Englisluiuin nanit»l Hoil^jc was tjiilit'>t -itonkvt'p* r on Hrii.-r Islan*l ; *0>lin CantpliMll, >onior. nn CHiuph;H\ nld Wlmrf north of Cosinan's Ciffk, jnst «.'li S.-iUt'II in MttUH* place ami later on east corner of lii;^h\vay oppo^ilf St Peter's Clnncli ; NIooily vV MilltMl^'t' r.keNvi>.t> prtj^.tMitiMl n l^eneral tradin*; laiiin«ss tliei*- sul>s«'t|Uontly : .lanirs I" lUMlO It Freeport ; *\VilIiani Suuntlers, senior, in Sun-iy C«»vl' : Tlioina- •Williain J. Hnnt, it\ ^[arsllallto\vI\ ; Warne on Diarhv Kid't* •Kdwanl Everett at Plynipton ; I)a\iil F. Ayinar. sr.. r; •William Payson •Colin Campbeil, Jr., an\vav ; Charles McNeill. North Rjmiie Corner; Charles Wilson, Smith's Covt; : John A. Smith, Tiverton ; Patrick Nowlan, New Tnsket ; *Ciuirles Mantle Melancon, Church Point; *Terence Sheehan, Salinon River:. Blackailar Bros.. William A. Catm. Hi-ctanoonrH ; Pt-ter W. Frost. Little River. Anjonu: other trahaIl i: Hanluiok. William R. Rio- in Bear River. Ste-phen Marshall \: Son. Mar^halltown . *Willian» Aymar, Grand Jo<(iLjir> : *J. Morehouse t<: Son, Brighton; Joscpl G. McNeil, McNeil VanBlarcom A: C<>.. Barton : *L»'\vi-< MeHouMld, the several *Wiirners, Charles R. MeDotiald. Plymptou . *r.Jizi>r" (Lazarus) Maill/'tt, (lilhert's Covt- : *Ira Raymond, B»'aN»'r Rivi.-r : •James Biu'^av, *LoveKin Hilton. Barton ; L'liarles .Jones, *( "nliii Cttmpl.ell.:Vrd,'' Alexander I). Hovt, Edward H. Oakes ;— •William. B. Vail :— ♦G. D. Campbell .V: Co., •Chai les Bitrrlll vV Co.. both wholesale and retail: — Geo. J. Hoyt, Ge<^rge Tayhn*, *Thomas ( *. Rice, B. L. Oakes, *E Iward Riet* : — W. F. J<;urneay Dry ( lood> only; — Weymouth Bridi^e ; Asa (.'. Gates, Wt.'ymouth MilU. Lower Falls; •Williaiu 1). Lovitt, Crbine Belliveau, •Jout's Bios.. Belliveau's Cove ; *Louis A. Melaiieon, Church Point: N. K. Butlei- C H. Butler, Saulniervillc: *Jost'p!i R. Raymond. Aiid>;ose' K Couieau, Joseph (J. Robicheau, M"lt,';^hen Rivei ; Willj-nn (}. rmain Metciihan Village: Alt'ri A. Peter.'* Brier Islantl ; Bartholomew R. Haines, Bernard Havey, Ja»ne-> H. Eaton, Haines Brothers, Stephen Westeott. Freei>ort : Milton Outhou.se, St. Clair Ruirules, Tiverton : *Wiiliam Lent, formerlv t v.t ^ i I K '* : 1,. ■ • I , V m\ -fr--f- OF THE '.oLNTY OK DUtllY. .4> at Fre«'|>'>rt. liiit now in Littl'* fliv.-r: J">iic> (!.int'tn*»> iimrktMl by jist»Ti>l\s, .i Mr. .Mitoilfo also cnn^.tiiicfiMl otit; or iii.»r.' suilin;; ve.tscls in \V*ym"Utli : DhnI'I Kiot.-. Sr., Pxar Kivt-r: J()*<«'|)li Sljoitliort' MM >o»ir,lit>iist >iiw one luin«li'e) A an, .seventy tons, which was enrli- est i>iuncheivt' trade in tiuiher. Iinnber and fish, coupled with su«jHr, molasses and spirituous liipiors, was followed '\n piisent century with the West Indies. After inception of Reciprocit}' Treaty with the United States in IcS.')4, hard and soft curdwood were manufactured throufjhout the County except islamls, and exported to Boston and Massachusetts, and otht.'r parts in Xew Kn-^land States. Wheat, Hour md corn meal were received in exchanj^e. and sold at moderate prices. This almnst entirely supt.'rseded wle-at culture in tlie Couutv ; and manv faitns w»;re jxreat.Iy dama;:ed by neorlect in conset|Uence. After death of Wni. M. Lee, Kst[., hanisler-at-law, ^nn of Benjamin Lee, in l8t)(), the (.'raige Mills at Crnind •roMjj;iu were purchased by Morris L. Taylor, a son of (Jol. dohn Taylor, who continued the work as previously followed. Iv. M. llayuiund Sc Sons, of Diiibv, afterwards uuned and i^reatlv im])roved them. Subsequeutly, other parties not clearly (L-Huod, nianau'cd tlieni. Capt. X, B. IJaymoud unw lied with modern im[>ro\i'ments. The late Bartholomew IJ. Haines. Esu., ^laiid-'-n of the lovalist, built and Operated first Saw Mill at Freeiii>it many years. The Mills at Lower Falls, Sissiboo Piver. on Lot 24, were owned in IS40 by Wtdls »?y: M(M.'usit."k. of N'lW Uninswi.-k. -T'lsiah G. Seelv was their Manau'cr. In 1S4>!. I)aniid ■\. .">i*elv also of 27G «JE«Milt.\IMlY ASH HlsTOKY that I'litviiict!, hiul ovjMsi'^hr. (""rcnrj^t* W. yi,\yn ainl NViu. ^[;iy") were owners in lS.'i2. They eventually Iteriinie |iii>|Mify ot" lato Asu ''. < I;it»*s, a native «>f the I'nited States, and aw mm o\vne«l by HOUR' of ins ileoendants. The «*niliest Saw Mill in New Tusket was luiilt in 1S2S hy Iloheit Saheau. Tatiiek N'uwian !in«l others, •DM thi liiook east of wlieie I'eter Mullen lesiilis. .lulm Sjniiijue was Fitivinan. AlM»ut 1S:!2, the site of present Xowlan Mill on sojithein side of Ijoad to Hill Stttlenient alonj,' north Lin«^ of Xowlan Lot, was also jiiaeed l»y a Mill f<»r same itur|M».s»». X'ery Qianv others were ereet^tl suhsequenth'. In ISS", Itavniond ^[ehmcon, John P.linn. Stephen ^[elancon, Clement Uahin, Jean Mehmeon, Josejih L. Hlinn, Reini Saulnier,, and Amhrose lUinn formed a Joint Stock Coiupanv, and huilt a Rotarv on Lake Wenthworth. (leorge J. Hoyt, (r. I). Camphell of Weymouth Bridge, with (Jeorge 1*. Sahean, Sears ^[ullen, Kenry (J. Sahean, and Win. ^fullen of New Tusket formed themselves into a .similar Coini>any, and (Muistructed the first Steam Rotary in Tusket Valley, at head of Sears Mullen's Lake. This commenced work in 1S8.S. Svdnev Wood in OiLjliv, M. Rohicheau, at Mi'te-dian liiver, Henri LeBlanc & ('o. in Concession. lUackadar & Co., Heotanoog, Wm. Y. XichoU, Weymouth, Sahean ^l' Co., New Tusket, beside those already named, with many others, which limited space precludes nientioninLr, have \N'ooden Manufactories i»i various localities, all having imja-oved Machiuer} , and iloing v\d of Digby Pier. An Iron Bell Buoy is also_stationer commercial localities. As several points on Bay of Fundy ami St. Mary s shores were not supplied with natural harbours, the Govfjrnment constructed a Breakwater at Centreville aoout ISolJ ; als<:> in Plympton, Church Point, and Meteghan River near same period. IP OF THE COrXTY oF DKHtV. 277 -Si ! - CHAPTER XX FARMtX(; AXI> AriUUlLTLUAL SOCIETItS— J IHK Al, HlSToKY, Many fi\niiers lm;an t«) occupy the attention of hushan»hnan When organization to promote agriculture was proposed, Di'^hy soon accepted that eX[)eriment. The followinof Record of earliest sjatheriu'' in the Countv tor that purpose, is copied from the bock entitled "Letters of Agrieola," written bv John Younij member of Assemblv for Svdnev Countv from 1825 to his death in iy*?.S. after which RichanI J. Forrestall completed the term. He was father of late Sir William Voung, who represented County of Juste-au-Corps afterwards Inverness. from 1830 to 1850, and Cumberland in latter part of that year and ses.sion of 1800, when he was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreuie Court insteail of Sir Brenton Halliburton, deceasetl. Hon. William Young Wfis Speak<.'r of the House 1844 to 1854, Attorney General of Xova Scotia from latter date to bs57, and a^ain in I8(i0, when he ascent led the Px-nch. A meeting of the Inliabitants of the Wtvstfi-n District of the County of Annapolis, was held in the Sessions House in the town of Digby on Saturday the 16th day of Janna.'y, 181!), when a Society called the Digby Agvicultural Society was established, and the following Officers elected, vi/ : — Reverend Roger M. Viets, Presvlent. Reverend John M. Siijorjne, \ kr-Pvus'iih/'if. Mr. William Muir, Sfxrefer}/. Mr. David Rutherfortl, Trea-^nrer. COSIME'ITEES. Elkanah Morton, Escj., Mr. John F. Hughes. Mr. James Reid, . Town of Digby Htid its vicinity. Jolin Morehouse, Es(|., Mr. Wm. Johnston, .Mr. VVm. Sanders, Mr. Ezra Hannnond, Dii/bv Neck and PeninsuhiN Cereno V. Jones, P>o., (V/>/. John Cossman. Mr. Aiubro-e Haight, St. Mary's Bay and Cissibou, proputly SisMiioo. ,.i^ 27H GEOORAPHV AND HfsTrMtV Cl.arle. MeCartyshouNl ho McOutl.y. R.,.. Sau.uel Ca.upl..ll. Ks.,., U. ( ot. baiuufl Douc.'tte, Touiishii. of Clare. Lower District ot Cluiuents. ' The meeting \v;i.s uinncrous aji.] respectable. Jghy, loth January, 181?)." -^ Though some a.lvanceinont nvus effectcl un.ler this arrun-^e- ment.yet the jurisdiction was far too extensive for etticiMnt practical work, an.l correspon.liug profitahle results. The system continued neverthee.^. over twenty years. In the Xova Sof^Z of Thursday, April 2nd. LS40. an article appeared, containing proceedmg.s at a Public Agricultural Meeting, fro.u which we learn a similar assen.blage had been previously held. It exhibited activity among the farmers in HilUurgh an'>'C"It'f ^1 Society, and for promoting tha miportant service, attende.1 by the most wealth v far.neis of the Lounty, these decisions were readier! : 1. That thi.s Society be called the " Hillsburgh Agricultural oociety. "" "^ 2. That each person becoming a mend)er, shall pav tive eSi?r"""^ •'' '"^"^ ""' T^*-'^^^"'--^-"^'' "^ig" the Articles we ;i That a Presi.lent, two Vice-Pre,idents, Seeretaryr 1 reasurer and Committee of seven, be now appointed. Then follows the subjoined List :— /'/•t'.su/e/'',— .Luiies B. Holdsworth, M. P.P. rire-Prcsidcnts—Wm. B. Turnbull. William H. Loe. r/w.s«;r,'— William Xichcll, vSr. .bVr/e^ov(/.— William H. L.e. Com^nith, of }I„nur,,rnPot,~^,'Xx]axmn Potter, A^a Poole K Wan'r^'" '"""' ''' ^'""■''" '^"''"■''■' ^''''-"=" ^^'^•'^'^- •-^'-'^■^'^' I « ^m if". p i OF THE COl'NTV (>K UlfJI'.V. 279 Although this WHS naiuefl thf HillshiirLch A^iIiMiltuiMt Sitci»'ty, vt't it was oi'grtni/.fMl in Di^hy Towiishii), arnl its Prtsiih-nt, >t'Oi)r).l Vice-Prvsideut, Sccrctai-y, fifth ami si'Vt.'iith iii>-iiilHrs of tho Comiiiitteo, resiih^d in that Ttuviishij). Fjiit this is coiniiarativcly iminipoitant. By-Laws wert- a«l(i[tteu- rated ballot voting for choosinsx Officers ami Committee: all of those might be re-elected, but four of the Committee would serve at least two years ; established meetings of the Committee on third Saturdays of March, September and Novt-mbor at least, d.etining their duties, the principal being, to locate Sessions of the Society, ad(jpt nost efficient and active measures to itnprove Agriculture in the County, by introducing stock, seeds, implements of husbandry, books and papers on farming and kindred topics, by Dttering Premiums when approver! by a General Meeting of the Society, and by all other practicable instrumentalities; and in the employment or disposal of such improvements, deeiderl preferences to be given members of the Society : — and finally, all pnjceedings of the Committee would necetisai'ily l>e endorsed by at least four of their number, and reported to the Society at next Convocation. F^verv member one vear in arrears, should be dropped from the Roll. Subscriptions for the "iVc"; England Farinrr, and Boston, Ma.ss., f'l'ltlrator, were ordered : also, several pounds of the Rohan Potato. Minutes uf the m.-'Cting were directed to 1 e tran-.mitted for publication in the Aooj Sc-.titm. The Session a'ii:)urnev to Annapolis, or near corner of Hill Grovfi Roail au'l Cross Street to Marslialltown. Souie years uver one huntlred nieujhei's were enrolle*!. In 18'i6, umler Act for ' Encouray;enient of Agricul- ture," the Clare Society existetl, having sixty-four nit-nilifrs, r.n-h paying one dollar in advance ; and the Society rec»'ivLl South Ranges, existed in 1872 :— William K. Hainrs, Presider.t : Josephs. McN.-il, Siere- t»iry and Treasur«.'r, Fifty nine were purolled. Provincial Grant allowetl this Society for I.S72, S04.ol. The Diiiby Northerri Agricultural Society C(an])rising resitlents of Digby, Mount Pleasant, Culloden. and the eastern portion of Peninsula betwet-n Fundy and St. Mary's, was organized about 1S79, Rev. John AniVu'ose, President, Francis Hutehiiisoii. Soeretary. It auml^a- nmted eventually with the "Central." Al.out sjimm- {leiiod. another Hillsburifh Auiieultural Sotittv located east of outlet Bear River, was institutt?d, John V. Thomas, President; James N. Kelly, Secretary June 21st, IMOO, the New Tusket Agricul- tural Society commenced with forty-three niembers, Henry C. Sabeun, Secretary-Treasurer. Those inelmle all ever formed in the Countv. A nund>er of wealthy citizen> in Wevmouth united to form the " Digby County Exhibition Conipany " for purchasing grounds and eroctini*; thereon a building; snital>le for an Aijrieul- tural Exhil)ition Building and Skating Rink : and a Hal! for general purposes. Amount of Capital Stock, S2,()0() in four hundred shares of S5.00 each. It was incorporated by the Pro- vincial Parliament, JuiU! 1st. 1887. G. Douglas (,'ampb'II, Her- bert A. Ellison, Wm. W.Jones and Nathaniel E. Butler. Trustees. Tlie present tine Exhibition BuiMing was erecteduthern sid,.- of Cross ♦•-.-. '* f •* I .. i> !• ',\V M *'. "'. »* t' "A iV' -r J 11] t OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 281 S'.reec from Bear River Village to mouth of River, of William R. Rice for an Exhibition Hall, which ^\as soon ereetoil. This is also a splendid structure reHecting much credit, in common with that in Weymouth, upon the respective communitiis. Messrs. Charles D. Rice, William E. Dunn were elected Trustees of the Hall in Bear River. Formerly, local societies held Exhibitions when so disposed. A County Exhibition was held in Digby on Wednesday, October 8th, 1890 ; amount of cash Prizes awarded and paid Exhibitors. 8582.7o. Another was held in building, Weymouth, Tuesday, October 3rd, 1803; aggregate of cash Prizes, $1,037.00, — an increase of .?4ok25 over three years previous.. Immense progress in stock, fruit, and other valuable branches has been effected, particularly since 186-1', under present salutary system. Large profits are being realized from those improvements, now deemed indispensable. Incidentally, some glimpses of judicial proceedings have been already given. In eighteenth century, all business per- taining to this department. The inferior Court of Common Pleas, having jurisdiction over petit criminal offences, and in civil actions, throughout Annapolis County, was established in 1761, with Col. Jonathan Hoare, Joseph Winniett, Henry Evans, and Joseph Dyson, Esquires, four earliest Justices or Judges. Regular sessions convened in Annapolis first Tuesdays of April and November. Isaac Bonnell and Richard Hill, E.squires were commissioned first judges resident in Digby. The Court continued however, to be he! 1 exclusively in Annapolis until year 1800, when a separate Inferior Court of Comtnou Pie is was located in Digby for Western District, on thinl Tuesday of June in each succeeding year, coupled with General Sessions of the Peace. It was changed later to first Tuos' ^^itne.sse:! reckles. specimens of hV.i^^^^^^^^ ^^ '"'^'^ overpowering an.I five boat fengths. a? 7 56 n" Vhf r''" """" ^'^^ '*"•*«'« ^About distance was twent^ninut^:\,ndf^" «<=<^"P'«d[ in rowing the unusually nervousf an d h • ,' t iu ''if'^?''-'- ^"'^«" '^PP^^^'-^'^ the uiinGte-lackeJ fini.h . ^^ '''?"-'' numbering forty to John attribut d tl^def u tol tl'^'K "'\^^--"''« t-"-St. averred that Brown ^!:''^:^:^Z^;' ^ '"^^ ^'^^ ^""^^-^ Pig?!; i^rir on:;^^^i^J'^l^-^^ %?>^. .Hting from is condensed, also state Uh,*; ' 'T ''^i''^ ^''^ foregoing procured for fS ton ttml tien.L"'? ^^■ ''\ ^''''' ^^oO.OO^ was that the best feelincr Tefailel ^ '''' adversary; and also principals in that n^mo^n^bie drar.^^T "" '^^'""^'''^ '^ ^^^^ '^^^ '^**® ^faallenge for another Race tendf^ivd H,a <<^ t u i Crew was withdrawn in ordp^o „r- i "^^^t. John Amateur which might en..ue *""''' ^">' unpleasant feelings mva^rkbinttr;tt:''n';osl"vTo? ^/"^ •^"^»' P— ^•^^^^ and decorum at defianT B siT' 'a ^ '^'P';"^'^;^' ^^'^« '^^^^ '^^"^ broadexpanseof e'lum -.sin r'^K'^p""^^"'''. ^^^^"^ ^^'»^h its westwardly to Gra^d Jo": , wilf b JITh 'ft' '^'" ^f'^'" ^•^•- miles from St Geora^^ r?. . •^/^readth of tour and one-half theless too often :S;bebTwind " f'" "' ^j^'^' ^^ "-- > make boat racing in ilJ wit^ lIjofifabiroT^^^^^^^^ ^'^>-' ^ fitted u'ra DHvinrk^:^'^,/'!"^^^; ^^'^ «^ ^Veymouth Bridge. ' PostRoWito Ylith't.et-f^^^^^^^ expense on northern side'='of This has not boerprofitS ' Im '^'''" .^^ fyn^outh and Clare. general good. P'^^^^table either hnancially or in promoting • 1 i 1 ■i OP THE COUNTY OF Dir.BV. 287 '. / I '•,i ,'tK.'" (Hi CHAPTER XXII. Western Counties Railway. As the system of locomotion attracted public notice every- where, each section of Nova Scotia with other countries awaited anxiously the advance towards its particular locality. While Great Baitain and the United States were enjoying first fruits of Railways, Canada, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia were preparing to receive the coveted boon. Under liberal Govern- ments in Canada managed by Robert Baldwin as Attorney General for Western Colony, and member of Assembly for Northern District County of York; with Louis H. Lafontaine, Attorney General for the Eastern Province, representing City of Montreal, having Benjamin Holmes, colleague, as Joint Premiers from 1848 to 1851 ; — Charles Fisher, Attorney General of New Brunswick, member for County of York, with Charles McPherson, James Taylor, and George L. Hatheway ; Samuel L. Tilley representing St. John City being Provinciyl Secretary ; — William Young of Inverness County, and Joseph Howe for Cumberland, as Attorney General and Secretary respectively, for Nova Scotia founded the earliest Lines in those several Colonics. These important enterprises were built between 1848 and 18-57. The Railway from Halifax to Windsor forty- five miles in length was earliest in Nova Scotia, followed closely by the branch to Truro. Under Conservative rule controlled by James W. Johnston and Charles Tupper, the line from Windsor to Anuapolis was completed in 1865. As Railroads neared Digby, the enterprising and sanguine longed for extension westwardly into their County. Indications of a line belting the Province were now very apparent. Yarmouth was demanding one through interior of that Township and Digby County to Annapolis, which could be accomplished cheaply as those lands were largely unimproved. They insisted those fertile tracts be thus opened for colonization. In Digby sentiment was greatly divided. Interior districts desired the road in their vicinities. Those in shire town and along the front streams, notably Weymouth with some on Digby Neck, laboured for a shore route. Like every new project, opponents were found everywhere". Residents on the Islands urged distance from the centres, precluded any advantages. Those along shore in Clare preferred a location back of their villages. Both Representatives of the County in Parliament resided in sections favouring front ''\4 nil 7V ''1 .>.! l- 2.^8 OEOORAPHY AND HISTORY location. Onr of theso, Hon. Mr. Vnil as Provinoiul Sicretaiy from November, TS^iT, to Sf-ptoiiiljer IJOth, 1874, was a Leader in the Cabinet, an«l on floor of the A.sstMubly. H»' exerted immense influence in behalf of shore route which was advocated by the majority in Digby County, wlio also represented principal capital. Warm iliscu^sion in newspapers and elsewhere fretpientlyoccurred. Annapolis peoj>'e were very indiflerent. The earliest surveys were made in winter of 18G9 by Collingwood Sehreiber, Civil Engiii.^or. The interior line passetl throu;j;h Tusket Valley. Some Capitalists in Yarmouth havinjij subscribed about one hundred thousand dollars, the ' Western Counties' Railway Company " wa.s incorporated by Act of Provincial Parliiment April 18, 1870. — Loictn E. Baker, P>vjsi(^'7i/, John Young, Byron P. Ladd, F'rank Killam, George B. Doane. George S. Blown, Samuel M. P.yerson. Director.^. Brown's Sen.ll'.| hy tho Company, anil on same hasis in piopnrtion to th»; amount of ??(>,000 per mile of Railway. The Provincial Kngineer reportetl March 24th, iSTo, that in Si.'Ctions on*-, two and three, embracin;; nrailv nineteen miU's, the work to fornwition level, comprising; earth and road excavation, bridge culverts, cattle guards, level crossings, road and street diversions, ditches, etc., were oomplote*!. On sections four an 290 OEOGRAPUY AND HISTORY total for whole County i?4.725.63. April 4, 1876. the Legislature empowered the Custos and Trensurer of the District of Digby to borrow on credit of that Act and of the District of Digby, the amount a.<>.sessed for Railway damages and expenses, with cost of fencing, under Section sixty-three, Revisetl Statutes, Third Series, emlMiditd in Act to incorporate Western Counties Railway, or those amending that Statute, in such District ; and pay therewith the entire right of way from Clare to Annapolis County Line, to the different claimants ; and they should repay the Loan so obtained to tin* Creditor or lenders at seven per cent interest by annual installments, in ten years or any loss periods. Those Officers were authorized to issue Debentures in .security for the Loan transferable by endorsement ; and should they be unredeemed at Maturity, the Supreme Court would amerce the District in the sun> then due thji;?on. The General Sessions was required to appoint three or njor^ Assessors annually commencing with 1877, to amerce the District in amount of yearly installment with necessary interest. The ortlinary Assessors for each Poor District performed this duty. A Deed of Trust given by thi Com- pany to Thomas Edward Kenny of Halifa.\, Nov. Tsl, 187"), for securing such Debentures and other matters concerning the under- taking, together with all proceedings of the Company, were at same time legalized by Act of Parliament. The Company were empowered by statute passed April 12th, I.S77, to repay the Province all subsidies paid ; and to receive Provincial Debentures instead, or a guarantee of interest to an equivalent amount, payable semi-annually at Halifax, Nova Scotia, in Canada Currency ; or in London, England, in sterling money of Great Britain, with coupons attached not to exceed five per cent yearly in such form and verified as the Governor-in-Council should direct, the principal thereof to be paid at a period not exceeding forty years from their respective date-s to the different holders, eithei at the Provincial Treasurer's Office. Halifax, or ia London, England. Section one, Act of 187o, was then changed. After word "Province," to read thus: — "or by the issue of an equal amount of Debentures for a term not exceeding forty years, at a rate of interest not exceeding five per cent at par value. The Act of 1877 also permitted the Governor-in-Council to exchange Debentures named therein for money with the Company equal in amount with its subsidies. The Company could receive in lieu of Debentures from the Province an annual guarantee of inter- est in lieu of Debentures, ec^ual to amount required from the Prov- ince annually, for the five per cent Debentures. The payments .so made were to be invested by Provincial officers to realize funds for paying the Debentures when due. This Act would not m t.' ^f!* K. I.I i 1 -i i1 r»* i?ii OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBV 291 however, be operative, until tlie Company should first renew their original secirity for five hundred tiiousand Dollars to Mitisfrtction of the Governor-in-Council. Meanwhile enormous injuries had been suffer»;d by proprietors of v'aluable lands traversed Vjy the Railway. Those continued and perplexing negotiations with tardiness in constructing the road, were causing widespread dissatisfaction, and even grave suspicions in the County. As the award of damages for main line from Digby to Cross Road from Barton to North Ran^^e, was filed with Clerk of the Peace, July Jlrd, 1875 ; that westwardly to Clare Line, on 25th of following October, and remainder to mouth of Bear River six days later, the creditors entreated early settlement, under recent Act. The Authorities therefore employed Hon. VV. B. Vail then Minister of Militia in Mackenzie's Dominion Cabinet, to negotiate the Loan. Willir.m Miller Ramsay of Montreal in reply to application, dated at Ottawa, on previous day, promptly wrote Mr. Vail, October 23rd. 1877, that he would give 97/^ for the debentures." As they were payable in Halifax, the holder would be subjected to a yearly reduction, which decrea.sed value of the Bonds. This offer was accepted by the Se.ssions at Annual Meeting next November. The Provincial Government having advanced capital to Digby for the Railway building.s, which with accrued interest, aggregated 812,052.40, on lat of Nov., 1877, the District required about SoO,000 to liquidate all claims on account of the Road. Mr. Ramsay advised the Cnstos that the Loan would be delivered in exchange for Debentures, January 3rd, 1878, payable in ten years, by equal annual instalments. The Liabilities were discharged ; and the portion from Yarmouth to Digby opened for traffic, September 29th, 1879. Ineffectual efforts were made to have the residue to Annapolis completed .soon after. At length, John Campbell and Herbert L. Jones, Esquires, who successively represented Digby County from 1887 to 1891, induced Dominion Government to undertake the task. The Contractors were O'Neil & Campbell. In 1890 the work commenced; and during summer of 1891 the trains first pas.sed from Halifax to Yarmouth. A large increase of traffic and dividends followed. Meanwhile, the people were gradually reducing Bill of costs, without receiving advantages from the road. As the three years in whicl the undertaking should have been finished, had long since expired, a formidable demand for compensation was justly pressed upon the Provincial Cabinet $20,451.25 as simple interest was acknowledged due by Hon. W. S. Fielding, Provincial Secretary, on behalf of the Government in 1893, of which §10,000 was promptly paid. 292 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORV VVhen the present General Manager and Secretary of the th^tr Iho^r'" v"'"t^' '' • ^- ^^'"P^^"' E^q. assumed the seals of those positions, he promptlv strove to unite the han^r/n'T'\'^'^''"' '- Yannouth'underone manageni^t that tiains and charges minrht he uniform, to attracf much patronage heretofore diverted into other channels, because the delay's and uncertainties in transit had been so annoyinoT and Tcfof the F.t'^^^'V',"'""^' ^'"1, '''"•^ ^-^^ Hccompfirhed hv was 1ltereJr«V ''•'""'.?' '" ^\^''^'' ^^^'^- '^^^ ^lesignution was altered to "Yai mouth and Annapolis Raihva^^" In travelLng the 217 miles from Halifax to \'armouth, t'he four wfnTorlnor'T'" jrP"''"^ ^"" "^'^^^ ^--^'^ the Capital to Windsor, another from thence to Annapolis, when either k stacre the rL' an Vr '"'-' " '" '« Digb.v. or trip by steamer dov?n the K ver and Biusin,— closing by another fare to the western tr'^5elir''~Kr-^''''""^^f'>' ^^^''•^»^^''- The count y and nZ-n "? ^!J?!''-'" f "^r^'' ^^^■•^ "^ ''^^t «f ^^--^titude to those ?om7ensatd """ "'^'' ^""''^^' "'^^^'^ ^^^" "^^^ ^^ ^''"^ In 1894, the various Railways in Xova Scotia and other Lines were vested in the Dominion and Atlantic Rnilwuv Com- pany, incorporated by Act of Federal Parliament f.r Dominion v' -i •f. hi r '•5 f. Il^^' i J- . • f t '. s4^-. if! '•«' *'^l 'I n1 II OF THE OCNTV OF P[OBT. 293 CHAPTER XXIII. XovA Scotia. Electuic Tkf.kcir.vph wd its Successous — Domes- tic Steamers and Telephone Lines. Tlie amazing iiiveutiuiis of ninetfuntli century were far cxceuil- ing the most romantic conceptions of ordinary minds. Each improyement wa.s quickly followed by anr'her .still greater in formation, and changeftil in con.-;e(inence.s. The Nova Scotia Electric Telegraph Company formed and incorporated by the Provincial Parliament in 1851, soon erected its Lines, throughout the Province, and e.stablished ottiin.'s in principal towns. Charles Budd, Esquire, being appointed Cotnity Director, the office in town of Digby was opened December .kd, ISoo, in .second flat of the store then owned and occupied by f'dward M. Marshall, on ea.stern side of Water Street, a few ruils from head of present steamboat Pier. John Robin.son was first ()()enitor. He received a salary of £25 per annum, payable by monthly instalments. The receipts for January, 1856, wore £•*> 14s. 4!il. At end of latter year, the paltry balance of one penny at L>igby office appeared in favor of the Company. The expenditure, however, included some furni- ture not to be soon replenished. At close of 1859, the balance after discharging all liabilities, reached £ i o.s. lO.'.d. Hence, the Telegraph was handsomely patronized by our people. Charles P. Robinson succeeded his father as Operator, Novem- ber 1st, 1857, continuing to July 1st, 1859, when Miss Mary E. Siiiyth, took charge of the branch. In May, I860, the American Telegraph Company, leased all Lines in Nova Scotia, and als<» controlled the enterprise from Newfoundland to New Orleans, Louisiana. The Lines in this County remained under .same Director. An office existed in 1858 at Weyniotith, C. D. Joiies, E-st^uire, being Manager and Operator. William D. Stewar^ was Operator at Digby from 1863 to establishment of Railway, when the Telegraph was located on that Line, and the Stall' »ii Agent became fx-offycio Operator. An office was opened at IJear River in 1HT5. The Western Union Telegraph Company rirst leased all the Lines in Maritime Provinces, from Port Hood, Cape Breton, to San Francisco, connecting >:ia Atlantic Cable, and Nuitheru Lino with all Telf;.^iap!i-> in the world, having a Capital of Sl8<>,(M.)O,00t). and sub-etpieiitly ill 294 OEOOILVPHY AND HISTORY purchased them. Its Heiul Oftioe is at 14o Bromlwuy, X»'w York, United States of America. The Nova Scotia Lines connect with those of New Brunswick at Sackville, Westmoreland County; and at North Sydney, Cape Dreton, with Lines in the Province of Newfoundland. The Township of Westport compiisin',' Long and Brier Lslands, was first mentioned in Records of Gent'iil Sessions for December Term, 1839. As the local officers tor that portion of the County, had previously beea appointed for " Long and Brier Islands," the Township was doubtless founded in that year, though no Act of Parliament for the purpose, was discovered. Brier Island especi- ally, from its peculiar Location, enjoyed but little intercourse with the Count V settlements on mainland, until the Ferrv across Grand Passage wus established. While tradition assures us that George Morrell, son of Robert, commenced ihe service in 1817. no record of such accommodation between the islands, appears before second decade. In December, 1822, James Peters of Brier Island was licensed by the General Sessions as Fen-ymau between Long and Brier Islands. He probably crossed near Southern end of tiie Channel. James Titus succeded Peters in 1825. This ferry was afterwards abandoned. Mon-ell's track lay between Fish Point, Long Island, and "The Dyke," on western side of Grand Passage, often styled " Scofield's Dyke." The earliest St(Mmer that plied between the islands and ports on mainland was the Alameda, which began on the course from Westport, Meteghan Village and River, Sandy Cove, Cape Cove, Maitland and Yarmouth, March 1st, 1888, and continued till sold, July 1st, 1890. The Acadia was then chartered for a limited period, while one was being constructed in the County. The " Weymouth," one hundred and four tons register, builc in the shipyard of Charles Burrill & Co., Weymouth Bridge, for them by Joseph H. Urquhart of Barton, succeeded the Alameda, July 1st, 1890, on the inland waters, and also made regular trips to Yarmouth, likewise visiting St. John during her regular trips. She had capacity for transporting eight hundred barrels of freight, besides capious cabins, berths, toilet rooms, and a saloon on the main deck, overhead was a Promenade with seats, and Pilot House in the stern. The ample engines and other macliinerj' of latest patterns, manufactured by the Burrell- Johnson Iron Co., of Yar- mouth, were fully endorsed by Mr. Stevens, Dominion IiLs^)ector !1 \M i¥:t I !ni m 1 1 i K» i I"' 1 1 i OF THE COUNTY OF DKiRT. 2f)" of Boilers and ^f;Lohinery. The workmanship thvouglumt was most creditable. Capt. J. D. Payson commanded her. The Insular Steaiu.shi[» Co. constructed at Meteijan the Wt'st- port, one hundred and three tons, gmss measurement, from dcsigud by Capt. J. D. Payson, of We3tport, Messrs. Deveau and Le- Blanc were builders. Her machinery was similar to that in the " Weymouth." She was placed on the route traversed by the Alameda, Aco.7 i f' i 1 « 1 !■ H<"N()L'li.\IM.K lIi'l'.KIM" 1)|'.I'.V \V;i- icr.-n.!. ■! f|"iii ,ill iti;.:.- fiiniilv ''iviitlv (listinL:iii-li"tl in cailv KiiuH^U aJiiuiU. ll«' Hmiii^ii. (Imiiiir liitttT jiitit lit" fi-liT'Miirli cfnt iirv. Th-- • N'l \ iil ;iiiil Miliin }• M«Muuii'>i '" liv iJol't-rt Iifal.. 'ituiiiii^iii:^ uiciiioiaiitl.i tiKia 1727to l7»So, givf eliib:)iMte iviuituse mii-ws of this ■.•h'bnitc.l Hii\.il hero. Having t.'iili.ste[>-'iiit.'il CNtloiU'I lit' Miiiinos. rill Eiiv! <>( Bii^iul. ilfci.'asi'il. Xu uinh-r Caiitain iJohfit Di-^lty fiom S|'ith'-;iii. was sent on a cruist' to the westwanl. Tlu*y n.'turii(Hl on "JiiriiMf t'oHow ing month. lie was j»i'o»uott(l to he Hear Adniiial of the iUiic, March 29th, 1770. Hear Admiral Marriot Arbuthtiot. uoveinor of Xova Se»tiu 1770 to 177 j.;unship, a fri7, coinmandtMl the (hand Fleet. I'nder him ^iMvcd Vice Admiral l)artiv. lu-ar .Vdnm ! ; lioliL-rt hiiiliy, and Sii .Idhu l.nekiiait K(i-< . I'liiu.-e W'dliatu Henry, l>iike of l 'larciire, and lu- train. -d in his counti v- -^tirx i.'c. The Fleet saih-d dune Ibth, 177'.*. When the rui)tun.'! iK-twcfu Fnglaiid and S[iain, occurred, the whole naval force of (rreat I'lritain was calletl out, and every ettort made to prevent a capture by th-- belligerent powers of France and Spain, l>y succouring all place- they might attack. The Xavy was a[>pareutly unai)le numeiicallv and in ea^uicity, to overconle the powerful court-martiaHed and dismi.->ed from the sev. i-r. I)uiii.; Oi\-< i^j;^mm^ 2i){s OEOOKAPHV AND HIMOllV cain{taiv'ii, a|>}tt>;in'(I th*- in't-ate-it Xaval forcr in miiiilMi^ jiml otipacit}, that 1i;h1 yet i-nlh'ctfd siiuiiltan»*«tusly <>ii the St-as. Th.y ditl \uii alleiiiiit to land. l»iit nuMt-ly pannh'tl uu' (lay> i>lV riyiiiontli. A few of theii' shi[is lipwt.'vn ciiiur u|. ti.i (.'awsainl Bay. Witli eastwardly winds they steered wustwavd, av(»\vedly in seareh <»f Hardy's tleet to yive hatt!*-. Ha/y wealhcr am! iniitendinu niulit •.-iMisfd ■( ^fjiamti'Mi. Nfxt day jiart at lia-t nf the enemy's tleet. was Itserifd hy the British, who, joined l»y two cutters, iiiti'sted tin- enemy's stronghold. lu'Ctiving orders to >ail for Spithead, they stood up the Chamiell, and on evenini: of Septend)er tirst, anchored oti' the Kddystoiie Lighthouse. Hardy thus endeavoured to draw the enemy int(» narrow point of the Channel, where if compelled t«» tight, he tMUild meet them more advantageouslv, unaft'ec^ted bv sudden changes of wind, where intricacies strange to them, might produce disastrous consequences. When tide j>ern*iitte(l, Manly sailed up the Chamud, several forward sliips of the enemy heing ol»served some leagues astcni. Appar- ently understamling design ot the British, they .inchori-d ut I^izaid I'oint. The Eu'.disji tleet mooreil at Spithead on thirtli>t Septemliei. Never were y sickness, especially among the Spaniards; ainl a- -ome of their sloops Were thereby almost |^!in auaii-'t l-aiginuii. whi'li thi' prouiMiers fully trusted uoui.i I i.nipiet.Iy anniliiiare tlie Knipiie of eeonii lusiiu'ible .Vrinada tlms happily \aniiiii>ii -ii. ThinuniiMiir the exritinu . commanded !>) Hon. W. Cornwallis : the Li'm *;4 guns. Willi. 'in Ti;S guns, Captain S. Lutwitlge •J !lB'\'.i la' 1 'f . ♦ I'k a. I i i» OF THE COL'NTV ol- l>l'.l!V 2m» ' Miiif* Otln'i-i siKjii follow. il. Ill April. 17'^J, till- fiiiiif ii< uimIi'T lii-i jiiris'iiitii'ii in Aiai-iifu oninj.n-i il un- » .,..,. "' ;,'UMs. (.'cniiiuiiitliil li\ hilu- -U" in j't'i-inu . -n'V«'ii ■«liiit-> ut" tlu; l.ini' ill fust I>i\ i-inii. tlmcv t'liLi.irt ,-, awI fi^lititMi .>lwo|.s, of \\lii<;li tlio Afuloitto, 14 mills, INtcv r.iftt. Captiin, is third uti tlu- f.i^t, hcsiik's (me Hrc-slii|i. — Ht'ty->i\ in all. In April, 177'.'. tiir Af'ii'>iif(i (.iH'tiirt'il ,1 I'rivatffr wi.nli C4.' uiiticr [.ttiti- >>( Mn\i[nv. Hi> ■its ii> hi'^hv ii. L7'.'4 ami Isl.'. in tlu' U'y* , ('uniiruMultti by Sir .fuliu Harvcv, ( Dtiipaiiir'n <>( tiit.- liarli, wliilf pioiffiiii^; I'ur onasts tVi>m pinvtes. w.-r.' l<>uu rfiia*tiil»fri.'il witli (Iffp '^ratitiult' liv L)iul'y's oitiz^ns, in coiiiiih.h witli his iiivaluahh' s«-rvin.».s for in m fort of I.oyali.-t:-. ami iiiuniticfntdoiuitious shortly aftt'i wards to I'arish <'hurcli, Tlio ilato <)f hi> di.'ath is uidortiiuaud\ Hot to haiul. HknicV tlvAN.s was born of rosiifctuhlt* and intlueiitial parents, 111 t/aniarv(in, rrinciiiality of Wales, (ireat r»rilain. I>ecemlit;r iKth, 172'. His rtdativf's wt-ro [aoiuinent oiti/.t-ns, and useful nienibors • .f tht rn-ibvtt'vian faith. Ay (Jh:ir!f< II. I)"!, K-.[.. tlirf- of that naiiif till!) -at in 'he Imp'-rial lion-.' uf < ,,inmou<. (.Mu' i>f th"-t.', W'illiaiu |-]\ .11?. of l'aii< HousL*, Ivfiisini^ton Gore, ami Allfstvee Hall, in Pfrhvshiic. a Liiit.'ral. rt'^r''-^'l^f'•'! l! rfo^d fiota Is is ;.., IS"_'^' r.uiMM-l' of !.f!i^'s!,.i. Is:;.! t , ls:'.j; ,Mid Xor'!i-i;i l>isriicf ♦ oiiniy wf i).Mt'y fi •;!' I s;'7 t" •]:<■.''■ <>i th" ('on' ^j" ,i i'' Aiiotiifi. Sir I't'I-aiy Kv.ins, K. • '. iV, ''Uof.l.ilin K\au?, iio' 17<'S7, also a Lilxn'al. an'd in favm of Fr.-.' Trade, •sat fir P l8ol» f(jr City of \\'t'stmin?tt;r from IS.".;; to IS41, and fror In date of the Trrati.se. The third, John Evan.s, elected .i of the IniitM- Tt'iiiplt' and a^'} ■jinted a <^>ueen's Cuunsel^^' was first n.-tuiiu'il a.> ;i Lilo'r.i! hy actdaniatiou --*•""• " " ■^ to th'.' "irliammt t-lectt-d in duiy. '''^••' li'U'i rfrra.ci', Ilt"j;»'ni's l'--' -, t for South l>fr[t»' * Southauipron. *• Midland Di-ui .nan. thf ^uf ' :ind ''nii'^iat reaidetl in Su * 'i.j \ . .11, --.'-.t u iVil [v. in and hit of S-^ouuht'in. haf .' I / • ! V.,. 300 i;ET<>llV r,i..ns;' w.i. Pastor in«W-r^^-t.Avn u. MP- y..ar. |.n..r t- I.-.. [„ Hanover fn.m l^^ f IT-- l;-'' <^-' y.ar. Mh. H'-; eldest dauiiht-i- Abigail .uam.a Ju.q.h (;ruti>, ..t '»"j"y- ;' Z^^'^;,; , inlbH Avn.v. I>v. Vn-s.-.tt als.. ot (Imtun wo.M.d Ln ha. lu en.nd .l.uJht.T. Mr Ks n.s ...ttled in S„nth P-t..,. uh..P- u^ l»avi; :itr..ndin..j ..irlier v,..t. hv tvans t.. Hahtax anu ;^";i.n.:uc.here. He k.,t an Mah..r:.e IMavy. whw h >< .M L.sHved Havmu ivtunu-d to Uust,.,, after ohra.nm^ the (.. m te \u.MHt -Jnd: ITol). Mr. Kvans chartered the ^ohu.,n..r 'ct^ 3/0//,, Ca,.. Grow, May ^th 17.^» to -nv^ the \ew EnuiaT>d eniiuvant. tu th.ir ahnde in valley nf Annapnu. R , u . The Hrst deta.dunent eon-i'iisin^' dunathan Thayer, (.ide-.n Alhe, I.saac Kent, *Stej. Thomas H'.(H..m-. wifV William-, d.)l\n Hill. *-■■■ ... r , 1 ^.;.S:unu.d IWku.. Thon... l>an.on d hn n>un..n. blno-d Damon, Wdl.am Curt.s and wite ; Dan.cl M-.v. *>am.ul L^n ■ •'.V, ♦Samu.d Mov't' -ous ind thrtM- dau'..;hrfi- ^ M ii.iin ana N\nf. iiur-.- -...^ - - ^ .' ,hn \Vi...4ow. Mohn Wh.tn.an. Mi.lu.d Law. d..hn_ La...... 'lel Felch. *B.n.,anun K^-. MVr.ah, Ki-^— m all f-vtv-n-..- •-sailed from r.o=t..n, duiu- I'.Hh 17»'.<.. and amhored iij ,oli. on iioth of same month. They in,i>oTt.-d st.M.k and n,.U.mcnts. Thre. days late, the vessel returned r^ l.,..t..n. that Summer, the second '..mi.any arrived. Up- u.i'- * •* L«*:ett. *Ohediah Wlu'eh ■.•!<, * Aaron Hanlv, -ctiiuv. ^-*^U.^*Bt'njamin Eaton. Thor'.-.s Smith. "-- .Riiker, William dHnni--ii. "*-«#',L'ndants of th '-e V, iMirmu .^am».- ''en in Annap-li^ •>ro'tiahly ^\-^^-^^ t dt.-t.tohiu- ut iliaj'olis. d;il\ * » t<» a.s.sisn each '.J. land f.;!i.!'v ' forest. He '»\.<^ *iue meetiui;, and I ! i; '■ ^1^:; « I n OF THK rolNTV oK HUiUY mi d\ ^1' it t* |>liic»'(l 1)11 Tmw II ciitiiimttro. Til'' I'lt^. Wen." ii''\t liinl out. Iic-iiniri,^ at Saw A[ill Cni-k. X'.. 1. \v:l^ drawn l>y *Klifiu'/.i Ii'ict.-. juiiinr ; Nil. L'. !iv *Kl»-iif/ti llu't' : X<>. .">. •< 'li.irlf.-i Ilarti-aiiN N''i. 4. *NVilliaiii Halt. mux; X.*. ■'. *I'liilii' I!ait<'aii\ ; X... »'■ •.M.i.ih.itn S|pMn', Xm. 7, *\atli.iii \Viiuli.'-.lt'i'; Xn. >*, .Fnnatliari I'alm- i \i '', •faiMili C'tiipliiiL: ; X". I'l, Tlmiaas L'-\vi> : Xn. Il.-rilm U'liif- luaii ; X»>. 1-, Miciiael Simii , X'm. l;j, *I'aiilon SamliM-.s; Xi»>. 14 and In, John Whitnum : X'o. Ifi, *Saiiitifl ('U'avt'land : Xn. lil, *HL'nn- Kvaii.s; Xn. IT, *Kli/aliftli Kvan.-.: Xo. IS. •Fiati<'i> Lt,'<'aiii: X'm. 1'.». .Tdidaii Sainlci-; ; X'o. !.'••. Ffaiu'is [.(•(,'aiii ; X... I'l, *II».'iiry Kvan<;. Tlmst.; lots wnrt- situated alniiu' sontli sidi- uf Ainia[H)lis Kivt'i lictuccn Saw Mill Cii'i-k two miK's ea.sl of Ainia]i<'lis and at that stream at {{dund Ifill called Spiirr's Creek, on which the Tail Faiturv now stands. Xo. L'2 immediately east of thi.'j .stieam, was allotted to (.'apt. Fessenden ; Xo. 2.*!, to Ehenezer Perry. Want of spaee forbids insertion of remainder. Kvans writing from Halifax, .Vn^just 2, 1759. to his |.,irtnei' in P>o.ston, sav.s: — "I have )»ut mv hrother dohn Kvans' namt; in the Grant for .lOo acres. I have for myself 7't(» acres." I .shall send the Grant to yon the ne.st \essel, being all Hnished hut the Sigtiin^ and this day the C»enei-al Court is sittin;,'." Some amhiu'nity appears in the numbers in Alistract of Locations, touehinjj the FAans lots. Hon. William Ga^utiy Whitman, stated in iht? Xova S(?otia Legislative Couneil, twenty-two years ago, that sotne time after issne of the Grant to Uent, Evans and Feleh, that r*atent was escheated, as se\',>ral of the jiropused settlers nmitted to fidlil Conditions of improvement; ami a new orant to Ivlward Whitm in with others [lassed the Great Seal. <"oiivi.'ying a traet five and three- fourth.s miles wide, but covering in length the area of former, and including confirmaticn of original bona nde proprietors in their tracts; while deliiuiuents were sui)er.seded by others. John Kvans was one of the latter class. The foregoing apportionment is taken fi'om Plan cf the Town.>hip, di-afted after issue ol' ^^'hitmaii patent. The lots being now two and a ([uarter miles shorter, and the vacant ones given to actual residents in the Township, widesied everv lot, therebv decreasing the number. H»*nrv Kvans had meanwhile .sold portions of the original lot L'l, allotted himself and brother dolin, to Francis LeCain and .badan Sanders, rftr-ining Western subdivisions. As the.se e.xceedeil quantity one i'ei-.on oouM then hohl 'inless sutlieiently improved, the second numliered seventeen, Plan of Whitman grant, was assigned U> his daughter Elizabeth, as stated in the Alistract. In order to effect a connect- ion in numi.ters with K\aiis eastern l.-t, the survevor attached X'"xs. 'Lf' iif- :J02 oeav l.S I'.'. .lU.l L'.i iv.| tu>ily tn lots piMvIia.,,,! hv A[....f. f. •(•,,„ and .Niiml.T, tn.m rh,,ir .,ri-i.ial i.p.[.n..rnr. ;illu\vin' , c^r,.,„ suImIivisiuu r.f ,.M I.,t. L'l. to n-tain th.u lunnL.T It wa^tiftl ^' WfittM-n sii!i.li\ i,..ii 111,; ot pr.M.nr K,.a.! t-. S.tiul.MV u-l.a.f. Th. ......... „,..,,,„.„ „„ lot I. u-.r, Uniul-4 urnth l.y Kv.ii.,- . -,. -k. ..,.t l.v Mr,t ...l.liv,,; i.m, soMt.. Frail.,-. LCain, sourl. l.y i;.,... In....;,,,! w..>t :.v I.,i K. with ,s..lh..u.nr ui-lth to .^.ini.iiM. s.-wial li.u.lr...l a.-.v. arros> each. hei.t.M..lKT Uth, IT.io, Kvans ho^a,, to eivot hi. .lu.-lli,,. ho.KS.. on W.-sr.-n. s.M;tin„, south of Ili.Jnvav wh.lv MOW .ta.Hl. "; snmll re.si.l.M. •u!..V.l l.y ... Mr. I'.axter/ <;.,l Hm^h.-.l this task TY> ■?'7/ , o""' •' ''*'-•■ '"■'"^'■'"^ •^•""'* t'"'" -"t-Nv.nls north ot 1 ost Uoa.l, still niark.-.l hy th.- ,MUilv fonn.latio,,. [„ latfi dwelling were two lai-,. niirrois inii.oite.l fn.ni hevon.l thr Vtlanti. One was set in th- front wall of th. Mttin,.,^ room '..r parh.r, h.tw.-cn he tw„ windows tacii.u Main llighuay. Thev were Hrst of the kindin Annai...hs \ aUey. One is still preserved. The (%,rn.i,n, Molly reached Annapolis. Xoveiuher I'Sth, IKU), with fortv-tive imnugrants. sixteen oxen, three h..rses, ten sheej.. and on. ..,o,l dg After comi.Ietion of his honse. Kvans returned to P.urt.n harly ni spring of ITdJ, h,- ivtMiiu-d, a.eonii.anied hv Mrs "Kvan." their only child, a female ,lave called Uettv. and .Settled on th." Homestead. Jonathan Hoare, .To.s.,.!, Winniett, K.mmv Kvans ami Josei.il Ih-sun were in sainr year commissiom-d ,.ailie;t .Ind-.. ■ of the Court of Common Pl.-as for am-ient Countv of AnnaHi. atidalso Justiee.sot the J'eaee for that Countv. ' Co] Jonathan Hoare in a h-tter to (Joveriior L.wivimv. ,h,t..,l \„.o,st jr.rl, j-.;-; recommended Al.raham Morse au,l J.,sq.h lia^s tor suhahnn positimis '«inCa,.t. Kvans' Company." H.mhv, h. wa> piomin-ntlv identihed with the n.ilitui of Annapolis. hi a h-tt.r still ,..v...rvMi written to Deacm \ViUiam llaldsvin. Xnv,.n.l.Hr •'.'.rd ITi'; Kvan^ wrote "I liave three full iJights in th- Township, and mo,;, 'than SIX Right-s n [ni/.rovenient.s. I can keep o<» cattle, and have a good orchard of l-A) Apple trees. My tUrm is pleasaiitlv situated about SIX miles /rr.ni the Garri.son and Town." The whole tract U .still very tertile and valuable, being yet well st..eked with fruit trees Loth western lot 21 and Xo. 17 are similar in area an.! worth. They are iiou divided into two farms, each, compr sin. Homesteads of Messrs. (leorge Armstrong, .Fa.ne. H. \Vh>t,na.~ HouM.eorge Whitman. M. L. C., and Mr, Baxter, previ..u.h note. . The ansus of Annapolis Towu>hip .ompil.d Januarv IsL l./U, certified that family of ' Heiirv Kvans" then compiiM.^' ;• one man, oi.e woman, one girl, one negro servant." Hi.s Ian.' induded " five aeiv:. of arable, forty of m .win- fiftv in pa^'ur. I' >>K rHE « MlNTV OK nJiJi'.Y :{•):{ L 1' 7W *,i RU'l uiiit' huiMli't't! ..t;.I tlv" .f w. .Mil-," .,11,. tli'iisui'i in ill. Th-- stfM'k' ('(tiiij>iisf(l ••'<',.<' li'»iM<'. t\\» M\.'ii. Hv«' t'tiNv-*, 4i\ yniiii','' ! cattit'. tivf swinf." In I 7'i'' h" lMi\''t.-,jt'. iiii"! tliivi' .)f pMinf." Aiirnii K.n i\ St'lliur. ,1 «^>ll;iki'|' ffnni Worrc^tiM. ^^.1'-Ul•lln>••ft'i. \\\l< •^nU iif I>«.'i),j:iiiiin H.inly, ^fiiiui', »Mn of Tlnuiin-i. 'Hif .if tli»' t\Vfl\t' foinnl.-!-, of I|>s\vii!i, Coimty iif lv-i>t'\, Miis^ailiu-iftl*. in U):>t;. Tli.' latt« t'h fiitJuT TliurniM .Fohn Jiinit'8 Hiinlv was oi\e of tht; oiiii'Tiint-! frnin F.ngland, who iitriv»Ml in Mas-iaolmsi-tN Uiiy ninK'r.'ttntt'rvisiiiii iif Hi.n. .Tdlm Wint'irnp, (JiivtMimf of tli;it I'mn ijio.-, in |(;:'.ii .Jost'ph Hanly, sun of UtMijatnin. Sfiiinr, with .ri-ifph ( 'hnifliill, Hiitl Jnniitliiin I.iirK*', fiMintliMl r.iickoju'rt, Slicllniiiif Connty, N'.a-.i S'utia. Tlicv t'nii'M!itt.''.'. Klias tht- ehh'st s.m, l.urn in I74i'i, was lilMTaJlv etlncated Ixith in Anu-rica and Cln-at l*>ritain. Hi- \\;is admitted a "Bencher of the Inner Tem[ile," LiiK.'oln Inn i" 'ids, London, Kneland ; practised as Barrister and .Vttorney i.i > 'ity of N'ew York till clo.se of the revolntion, in partnership with John \.. ( '. K'ome, son of .lohn iJoome the I>i,L,d»y Loyalist, as "' Hardy v^- K -ome"; then eiiiie St. Mary's, < 'lare, with Miller, Matthews, antl Hnnu'eford; bnt located eventually in St. John, New Brunswick; married Martha daughter of iVter Hni>o(jf(ird, yi, I)., of l>igl>y, N'ova Scotia, who had been Surgeon to the Itoyalist Ilegiment raised in Xew York I>y Col. Beveih-y Ifobinson, for service in the Ilevolutionary war. In N'owmber 17S.">, Klias Hardy and William, havidsnn wt-i.- eh-.-t-d the I'epro.sentatives for Cuunty of Xorihumberlunl. in llie tii>' Ho'i^e of Assembly for Xew Brunswick, which convened in' earliest .session at the Malhird Tl Mwe. 'Ui sir.. ,.f ;-l.•sen^ I,'..val ir»'>-l n'.rth ll'iW , ill - J 304 OKtXJK.Vl'HV AM> HISTUUY •tl h'V HU It' Kiiii.' Sh»'i-t. St. .r>.|itj, •Fiimmrv .'Jnl, ITSil, wlu-ii Ai IIMS r»«>tHtiiiinlt»ii r.a\vyt.'i." H»* Wic cuuiisil t'ui ilrfiiitlaiit iti tlif ('rltliiat* tl ^lamlt 1 liial i-t' (M-iw-ial U-n.-fli. t .ViiimM, tlu' imti'il traitm. \ ^. Mniix.ji Unit, in 17'.*'>. tKl. Kilw.ml Winislxw \Mitiiii» finin Halit'a.N, Nova ."^tntia, .laiuiuiy KUli, 178'), t(» Hi»ii. Wanl Cliiliiuiii. st'tiiof, lir>t S.-Jiritor (ifnt'tal of \»;\v r»nin>\viik, ohh ot' the Nl'W Etli:il>mi,' ( 'iraiitff>, rt-sif winu tin- |.rtniu!*al to a|'|iuiiit H "111. tiilUlii'l t». I.llllInW filSt MiaNnr nl" .>t. .Injlll. Ci >|| fidfllt I V reinai k.-.l I I lave iH'Vc l».'L*l) ii <'ntliii>i.;>t till' t ities. hut I ilcrliirf if this e\»Mit ti i.;.. - plai-e ill a 11 it.' 1 alt- am Mr. Hanly i- imluct'ij to arrcjit the ntlnM- ajuiointiiit'iit." ('uiiiimm ilerk, "I ^liall *'.\,.i'c't to sec Halifax evai-uattMl l»y ihe nm-t ie>j>ectalile of it.-* iiihaltitaiits, aul this iiiiMU'diatcIy." The " Lon«I^iiially yiautdl to Ilolieit MeUiii. Alter hi.s (k-alli Kehruaiy 'tli. 17'.''.', tli.- widow removed to X»'W Vnrk. and s(tUI one half tin- Imiufsteiid oji|Mi.site the laeseiit Wav.rley Hotel in lS(t4. to William MelieU for till.'*, and th»' residue to (.'ruifk.>haiik v^- .ruhn-tuii. nu'iohaiits. jn iSiMi, for t'lO". Th»' latt»'r was tlu.-ii ifsideiicf. Tlii-y had a >i'ii iiatufd Gfor;4t'. \arnn xthihI ami ynuni^tSt ><>ii of A.ii'un Hmdy, >tiiior, niarrie\ . i-m -iiU,"' nativt'> of No\a ."^eoiia . oi'eU|iit'd four hundred and thirt\ .hmi- ><[' land — thre*' hfiiii; ar.d'K-. twt-nty mowin',', scvm in i.a>tuiv: wjiilr the It niainiii;.,' iwur l:uiahed ui-ie timlier ar»as. lit- .tlso ounetl a ji[ood st«K:k, hesidf^ two square rign"tl ves>els. In tlu-sf, eonsideiaWle trade was followed with distant |>orts. Anna, sister of Kliu.. .md Aaron, jr., marrieil Major Nathaniel rarkei, wli" fouyht iindi-r (Jeneial danuis Wolfe, at ea|»ture of (^)ueht'c, St'jitend>ti l^Uh, 17.'d'. Thev livot* wi'.st ii'(l liy Mrs. .los. North, a ilauuhter of l)eacon IV-njamin Hardy Parker, a son ot Nathaniel Parker, I'r., and mandsoii of the Quehec hero. The latter wa.s horn in Manli, 174:i. from tlu- inariiaiic of William Parker, senior, of ."^hii-wsluiiy. \Vor«;ester County, Mass., and Maiy I >., dauuhtt-i cf Sinn'ii and Mary Ma}iiiud, of Sudhuiy, i >ctohfr 2;lid, 17^!''. CluldrtiH i.f Major Nathanirl uikI Anna Hardy Parker, married almut 1V'><'; — William born about 177U, mariied Lydia P>enjamin. ami lived in Upj.er Aylesford ; Ilev. Obadiah generally -lyhd '<'!•- d" !'i.;!.i;, i fv-'- '■: OF THE t(M'NTV OF DKJHY. -10.> ■was iht'ir .sixth eliiM. Il-'v. Jain.-i l'.irk>M". tin' truth i>v \>iit| tlaiiuhf'-! ')!' L'aj't. Ahnei M»irs.> who tMiii'iiMtO'l frnin Shi'i-liniiit'. M.i--.. IT'i'*. ill t\u' Cfi'i iiii! t)if MoU'i, til Amiajtoiis. N'uva Si-.itia: I[»'iirv AUiiif, horii in 1774- nmirii'd Hannah Mursc, ami li\tMi in Aylt'sfiijtl ; \\v\. Willanl (1. Tarkt.-r, was iheir st-Ncnth fliilil, ami ..Itev. Warren I,. Taiker, of Hill (iiuve, Diiihy Comity, the youngest or eleventh: ^folly. Imrn in 177', married Oaniel ri,Mijiirnin of Koiton, Xovii St'i.tia, : Mirinni. \>'<\\\ \\\ I77''. niiinifti Klias (iia\('s: Lncy horn m 177«S, nuuiitd I'ca. Ci-jijiiis Wrlton. Major Tinker, remniKtii i« i)yi( i.alioniili.-n>. his pniaiy erred, and hecan e a nn uihtr of ihf Hnrron I'm] list ( lu;:eh. .h;n .'th,177'.'. Hisjaitner havinj: dieil in 177S, he had wedded Saloin'f, (kuightt-r of I>eaeoii •lohn \N'hitnian, and then widow of Major Kzckiel (■levehind, who also joined the C'hnreh with her set-oiu' hnshand. Ifev. Nielndiis rierson, an Knglish naj'li>t, wa> then I'astor. iJetnininy; to their home in Nietanx, Miijor I'arker and his estimahle wife unened tln'ir dwelling for r»ajitist >«'rvie»'s. From thiit small oomrnence- meiit, the despised, pt'iseenit'd seet -pread over present ''onn'ie.s of Annajiolis and Pighy. Xi'arly twenty eh-rgymen have desceiidetl fiom Major Parker. He lived a pious, lahorious, honest farim-r, and died in 18:'>() agt-d ^^7 ye;ii>. His surviving partner followed. .Tuu" 'th, ISliI, a'^ed 7''> years. Thi- foliowin;,' wm? children of Aaron Hardy, jr., and Kunice ((^askellj Hai 'y : — rM-njamin. dir.l wiiilr a hoy; T.ydia uiarrie llandlcy (.'liipmaii, I'.aptis! Minist.-r, Jan. Ni. 17Stl ; Marttia married .hu'di. S^lrk ; Sandi ntMJdi'd (.'apt. Kdward Ihyaut fts his st'Cond wife; Merey married d liu: Weatherspoou ; I.avinia inarrietl WiUiaiu Houd ; Hep/ihath. a school teacher, unmarried; Sihrs marrietl Kuniee Haskell. < )(»t. KJth, 17'.'7: Stejdion unmarried ; Miriam died single, agt'd nin'.'teen : Ann.' married Wiliiam liiee, of liear I'iver, east side: 1-uey deceased when twelve years old; Aaron married dane Hfth daughter ot K'nliert derterson, sfiir. ; Mary married dohn Ifiee. and spent theii wedded years on the tract .south-west side of IV-ar Uiver, latterly owie d and oeeupied hy ('hi|i!!:an 'hisholni. Xumerous posterity descciiided from those alliances, wliieh space will not admit in this History. Ahouti year 177", lioheit delfeison, son of Stej>hen, hi iher to I'homa.s detVersori. father of third President o\er the Tnite'd Stides of Ameru.'a. «;n.\rnv AM) Hivroiiv vtiimo; .ftirtV'rsuii wiarrifil thu •lan^htcr "t" H.-nrv Fviui- Sotuh of I'ust iJiKl'l, on InC 1 >j.j,(i>iio j>rf'st'nt jiiiblif' >;( ami bli 'ttle.t •hoi.l buiMiiii; at Cos'-trf. ;ui-l jit^c -i'.utli-e:i-.t •>(' KpiNrupiil r'litirdi. nuirrioi I III n-\ t \' lU t f.ir' •ii'tly. I'liiih '.link, jr., : tli ■ sfCDiul St»'|'li''ii. in.init'ii < liaili.itf X. X'iditot- ; t\w tliinl. Kli/,ii>. • .1 l'!viin> bom April -f>th, 1770, manit'il Samuel Harris, of AiiiiajMili^, Jarmary'4tli, 170S, from which alliance are dt'sceiuletl those of ' that name ill Aunaiii.lis antl IM^liv Coiiiities : rhf fourth, Sai;ih inarritMl Hist Willi, um Halliday, secondly. Elias Woodworth, li» r sons KldtTs William H. Halliday, and John .TetVerson W Iworth, V ere Second Atlventist cler<4ymeii ; the fifth, Henry Kvans, dii-d nninarried : tlie sixth, John located in Sjain^ditdd, Annapolis County, married Hist Catherine MeXayr! secondly. .Vnn AfcN'ayr ; the seventh, Robert, married Sarah daugiitei of Jolm Spun Harris, Deputy Land Surveyor and a grandanghter of John Harris, Esip, M, P. r., for Couiity of Annapolis, 170') to 177<>, and for Township of (Jranville from latter date to 1772, when he died. Jefferson located at Hrst on his father's Homestead, hut after wards sold that jtropeity to Klnathan Whitman, M. 1'. l'.. for Annapolis Township, 18r>(i — 1S40, to farm in Hessian I.iuf. just east of Western Cross lload to Middlese.x Settlement, now occupied hy his grandson, Albert C. Jetferson ; the eighth. Mary Ann, died single; the ninth, Jane, born Novfuiber ■JOrh, i7'.'n, wedded Aaron Hardy, ord, fourth and youngest son of Aaron Hrtidy, jr., and lived successively in (Jianville. on Sjssibuo l!oad, on eastern half of lot next west of Ikuijaniiu lliirri>' farm, nearly one mile east of Bear River's outlet, on its - eleventh, Thomas, settled in Xew (M-rmauy. Lunen- burg County, married Kli/abeth Gritlin; the twelfth, l'hei>e married John Copidaml, livetl cast side Beai River, tlic thirtteiith, Harriett, was conn anion of John Wel>ster, who resided in Berwick, Xova Scotia; and the fourtoenth, William, marned Maria Boirtou, Mari-h 4th, ls;'.2, whose father James John Burton, was a nati\e of Kngland. William Jeth-rson Hrst occupit;d the east lot -1, at Ro^fttt', now the residence of Charles Spun, but latri that next \v>">t of Ueacon Whitman's jiresent Home seat in the Hou.>e of Assembly as a rei'iesintutive of Aiiii;ipriv;u»', until ileutli's siuutiinns •■allc"! him t(i atit 'tiler WfU'ld. In tlic Roiiutl Hill CtMiuTciv -mi w .,<& -.ide i>\' Sjcun'> Ci't't-'k, stands an nviianuMital tuniltstunr. insciilKMl rjui^:— " In lueinui'v nf HKNIJV KVAXS. Ks..., who tliod Nov. ;3rd, ITS 2, in tlu' oTtli yt-ar nf his AGK. Just l»a''k of thi.^ slal), is another giavt;, with a stone whose ins('ri[ition is ajij>arently hidden Ity the hiuh lawn. dcMihtless the resting plai'e of Airs. Klizaheth Evans, who died in 17'.)4-. Adjoin- ing the latter, is a tlurd Lfvave. with a fine stoiu-, eontaining the following interesting memento: — " In memory of ELIZABETH" wife of KOr.EiiT JEFFERSON who departed this Life May ^i'.ni, 181(1, in the 54th year of her age." "In life esteemed in di'ath dei>lor.'d. The niouMei'iii^r !> mIv lies : Till the new Henvens and earth le.stoied Shall raise her t(» the sides." . Adjoining latter, is a fourth, marked l>y iuiunur handsome stone, bearing this announoenu.'nt : — ■ "In Memory of ROBEKT JEFFEHSOX who dejnirteil this Life Oct. lUth, LSI 2, in the 6-">rd year of his age." In |teaceful slumher here I lie Iteniote from noise and vamty. Till the blest morning of the ju-it lieanimjite-; my sh e[>in;_: dii-«t.' -.< :iOs r.EOORAPHY AN'[) HISTOUY Thtsf tuur tuiulistniies /iv all «liirk granite, three teet lii;4li, jMtintLMl at tlu; upiier einls. Alxjut 17tH>, Ai.KXANi'KU ^[cXi n t'iv^t niiiiie !. iMHinded south hv Trovince of Lein^ter, south-west by C^nnautiht, ano\vii. Fermaiiau'Ii, Lontlonderry, Monachan, and Tyrone, inhabited diieHy by descend- ants of Covenanters or Presbyterians, who tle(l thither from Scotland S4mie (!enturies ago, during religious j)er.>e5 to coi<.nize Townships in British North America, par- ticnlarlv Xo\a Scotia, with emigrants from his native Province. The Township of Londonderry, Colchester County, Nova Scotia, was fou!idfcd by that class. The Declaration of Independence and lievolutionarv War interfered seriouslv with his iilan-. Sul»se- <|uently McXutt was drowned while in-ossing ("hai.nel from ^fcXutt's Island, mouth of Sludburne Harbour, to tin- mainland. He had named latter plai,*e, settled by loyalists. April ■J'lh. l7^^o, New Jeru-salem. It was then called Port Uo.sewav ; but received its present di'signation August "Jud. ITS:!. fri>m (lovernor Parr, in honour of Karl of Shelburne. afterwards Martjuis of Lansdowue, 'Imperial Secretary of State. .FosKPH PuTTKi;, Junior, eldest son and third child of .b)sej)h Potter, senior, and his companion, was Viorn in Marllxao. Middlesex County, ilas.ssiehusetts, August 2;^rd, 1741. He wa^ descendetl mo .To.seph, Ephraim, Piobert :Wd, Robert dr., from Nicholas Potter, son of Iioliert Potter, senior, who was a native of England and born in l.'>77, who emigiated t(j Eynn. Mas.sachusetts. and is -aid to have heen one of the tifty pioneers of Saugus and Lynn sot in after vear lt>.".(>. Hi^ was bv trade a mason, and was also eri^aued in iron works. The subject of this memoir enlisted in a Ib'ginient laised I'y Hon. William Shirley, (lovernor of Massatdiusetts, and Commanded jjy (,'ol. donathan Bailey, for active servic»? in the Seven Years' War between England ami Krain^e from 17-'>"' to l7bo. He was in the Briti.>h Army at battle of Ticonderoga, Lake Champlain, duly Sth. 17'>S, when Creneral Lord Howe was killed: also at Fort Edward m same year, ai'eoriling to an inscri[iiio!i 1| :: MM OF THE (OUXTY OK nii;i:V. :]{)'> IMf. fft'll W| PI ff'i' 1^ m ' I cut i'V lim>flr' 'Mi ,i powdn- Ii'irn, sHon f>\" thf 'i'Mi'T. \i< !7»"il. Afr. I'ntr.T miirn'fiii Ziilir.hili H.ivd.'ii. Ihhh Iiiiif -tltli. I ":'•■}, eMe>t iiiiil <"t" Kltt'iif/:-'r .iwA Tliaiikfiil I'.i"M'rjf.M- Kayil.-n, niiiniftl May 1 'th 17"J7. I'miiij lit'itiiiif tfi"\ nsnlrl m Sihllimx . Issue: — Aainn, l.orii 'Inly I llli, ITtll': Isra'-l lioiii -Inly. I7'-". afterwards a noU'tl Baptist Clevyvmaii in ancient Count v of AnnajMilis. N'ovn S.'(.tia, luarritMl Mary horn in 17«">".^ sefotnl «lau"^hti-r of Ca[>t. -Tohn ami Sarah Sniitli iJici-, tVniu \\'nvrf'.*; ^^aI•v, \n>i\\ Foh. 7tli. 17r»(.i, niarrieil Capt. .fohn IJioe, April I'lst, 17S"'. he iiie(l M.w 2nd, 1811, Aged 7"». Tht* widow married (.'apt. Henry FLuris in 1S21, or followinjj; year, and died r)ec. 3rd. 18">S: ('apt. Harri> had preceded her to the spirit world, May I2th. IS."! I, uu'ed 74: — Zahudah, horn .fan. 24th, 17*)7, when the nmther died in her -Uth year. Mr. Potter married in 1772, Mary, horn in I7'»l, Stii ehild and sixth daughter of Amos and Lydia (Lonyley) Farnswurih. Is.sue : — foseph, horn, June 14th, 1773, married Lois Haydeu, in in 1790; Samuel, born Deo. V)th, 1774: Susan, born Aui,'. 4th, 177t>, niarrierl .lolin (.lilliatt in I.SO'.»; Uenjamin, bnrn r)eeeniber 11th, 1777, married .lane, fourth t.'hild and third daiiLchtt'r (»f of Abraham and Mary I.el'ain, Spurr. i»f lioimd Hill, Annapoli«i (.'ounty, and residetl at Soulis' (Juve, i-ast >>( Siuith'< ( nve hi-^by County; Lydia, born (3ct. 2l>th' 177.>, married dohn I>yer about lSi)(). and went to Marietta, \Vashin'j;ton County, (^hio; Fraid< 1, married Cynthi!). r..iyic. 1 )••(•. ;'.nth. Isu;. lived utar mouth ot' iiear K'iver in Suulis" (Jove. l>iLri>y ' ouncy, ,. few years, and removed to Brier Island, when- •l<>ren(l;nit- nt>w reside; their son ( leorye Boice Potter, Kn[., was many yt.sus ^lunioipal Couneillor for VVe.sti»ort District, Xo. •;. and also Warden of Digby Munioiitality ; Martha, horn April '.•th, 17.''!'', married Thomas IJice, lived east of Boar River; ^Lirv, born in 1787, married William (Jilliatt: Esther, born ^L\rch It'.th, 17'.'l. married John Armstrong, lived on the old Thomas HUis farm at Smith's Cove: — After his death she wedded Stephen Taylor, who liveil some years on a part of the Sypher farm at (rraml doggin, but removed later to Middleton, Annapolis County. Th».' father ofdose[)h Potter jr.. svas born Feb. I Lth, 1711 re-id'-d in Miillttro, ^Lissaelnisetts, marrietl during 173.'. ,iiid -ltd .\piil Ut. i7''l. Hi-i wife had departeil this life, A[tril 4tli. I7ss. n-...! "o y";rr-. luiraediately after the peace of I7t»:i, do.sejih Poitt.'r, jr., •migiatcd to Xova Scotia, located at Snnth's Cove as stated in Chapter IV. drew lot 21, soutlifin side Si.>:jibi.iitiiMlly oa Potter's iViiiit, al» ♦M>t of (.■ltMiient«.p<.it. !.:;t was lost at sea ahmit iSiiO, while sailing to Xiw Vork. Ail the Potters of Annajiolis and I>ighy Counties are descended from Joseph Potter, jr. Mary a daughter of Aaron, whust- wife was Susanna Purdy, heeame eom[ani(jn of late Jamts K. .Ien<'i.'M)M, a citizen of Pear lliver \illag<'. son of. Uol>ert Jert'ersDU, jiinioi'. Arthir Hauiu.s, ancestor of those bearing that surnann- iu Dighy and Annapolis Counties, emigrated from Plymuuth, Kiiuland, to Bridgewater, Plymouth County, Massachusetts, iu l<'..'il. Ho afterwards removed to Boston, where he died in Iti'.U. His son Isaac married Mary Latham. Their so»^ Samuel married Sarah Cook, grand dauyhter of Robert Cushman the Puritan, who emi- grated from Plymouth, England, in ItiL'ti, to that city in Massathu- setts. Samuel >econd fruit of this union, born iu I7l2s. was blaster of the sloi.ji ,sV'('//o"V'»', 81 tons, having on board ('apt. I'rehle's Conq-any, one of the Transports that carried Provincial tr(»ojis raised in Massachusetts l)y ( Joverni.r Willia^u Shirley iu 17"»-', to assist those from nei^liborinu Colonii'> to capture Kort P)eausfjour at head of (.'hegnecto lUiy atid est.iblisji Ihiti-^h rule fully 'over Nova Scotia. Becoming ^lajor for his uallaut services in that exjicdition. lii- al.>o j.arti'ipated iu la-t sic-,, nt" l,oui>,l.urg, 17'"^, under Ailinnal K twaid ljosea\v,.ii ami (ietuii .b-llery Amherst. Soon atter this \ ictory. Major Harris with hi- partner a native of Xi.'W Kuglaiid, located at Blount Pleasant two miles east of Ihi'lgetowu, Annapolis County. Hi- name iilso apj I'ars in a list of p(.'rsons applying for Ifights above or ea-t of Granville Town^hip having no date, headed l)y James Xiehol.>. w hich will be describ^'d fullv in menmir of William Fit/.uerahi lu-reafter. His residence at Smith's Cove, 177<> to 17Sl'. ua> previously noted. John Harn.-, M. I'. 1'., for County of Aniiipoii>. 17'i-' t- 1770, ami for (Jraiiv ille Townshij», 177i> till his death 1 77l', also a Crown Land Surveyor, was eldest son of M;ijoi >,itiiii.d Harris. Another, Sitmuel, born April "Jord, 17*';'', mariii,'. Klizabeth E. daughter of b'obi.'ii: .b-tVersou, senior, (.'hri.-toj.lit i 1'. uinriied Mi>s Eli/abeth >jhip of Hillsbuii;, th«;n Low : f ! ■tiieuls, aboui one mile east of l'",;tr i!l\el's outlet oil farm now occupied by his son Benjamin- Thomas son of Benjamin Harris, a biotju-i-. weo[i lot. Major Harris ultimately settled at '■f Bt'? ■T[t ''II il 1 li i I OF THE roL'NTV oK DH;nv :ni r.L'iiiiille. tn'iir Aniiiipnli^. in \T>^'2 •' Ifiinis F.uin " wlii'li lit- |>iirch;isf«l of Col. Hoan*. iHUiiitlt'd l»v tli" ulij AIt.-\:tTi!fr Eiison Huiiiostrati (.'ustwardly. ami th>t ot" (\i[.t. .Fojm IJi( •• nti ii> westfi'ii side. He died in 1801. deservedly laMU'iiti-d oy nil There can be no more (itting place to insert a Mt-moriain >'( ilif ABBE SIGOGNK, for fifty year-., Catholic Priest and Missionary — from rnliniri., Yarmouth County, throuuli tlu' ancient ('oimty of Anmi[M>lis. em- liracing about ten im-sfnt French Acadian Missions, with one Micmac field at Bear h'iver. The few Indians di.>j)t.'rsed aloni,' over the entire district, also attended nearest Chapel. JivVN M.VN'KKTCs Sr(,oi;NK, the son of a silk manufacturer, was born in city of Tours, I)ypartment of Indre and Loire, province (»f Touraiue. France. In l^.Mi, while his father was Mayor of Lyons, the future Abbe, e.scapetl from hi.s residence in Paris at outbreak of the Revolution, and reached London, England, where he lived nearly two vears. He enuLjiated to Halifax, Xova ^>cotia, in tab c ' ' June, 1799, and soon visited Clare, where he remained as Mis- sionary and Pastor, the residue of his ever active life. Xo per.son ever laboured with greater constancy, zeal, comjileteness and success, to advance a principle. He posses.sed exctdlent a'oilitv and judgment, a rich, vigorous imagination, with logical precision of thouiiht. I'.eiii- a 'jreat udinirer of I'ritish in-tirurii.iis. he ever taught his [)eople ic> be obedient and thorou^iily I'lyal t^ rlieii' English sovereign. Had the Acao, been blessed with such men to rule, guide and instruct them, they never would have been expelled. Pere Siuogne was an exceUent Patisli Priest, as well as practically the Lawyer, Judge and Xotary Pulilic of all the Freu(;h Aeailians in Clare, Tusket and Pubnict. He began and carefully preserved the Records of his mission. Fie wrote all the deeds and contracts of his parishioners ; and h" coustantlv t:au'.ib*" them to avoid litigation and strife. P»eside a knowledge of Frt.'uch, English, Latin and (.Jreek, he acquired Micmac dialect, ami the latter always regarded him with the utmost vtmeratioii and respect. This revered Prelate had a most generous apjireeiation ,.t l^n^land as a nation. While perfo folIheil mt the rilt'li** Int at rlmifli I'oiiit ; iiml soiiif Vt-ars liittT. the Aoailetuv ttf tin- Satietl Heart was npeiit.Ml ill Merrjihati \'illaL't' i'y lit'iievnlcut ami Ifuninl Sistt-rs of (.'liarity Itt'luimiivj: to tho Catlioli(} Faitli. Tlic roliiiim •»!' mattfi in French puhhsht'd in l>i,u'»y (.'oo rier folh)\vt.*<| hy L' K>:n nijAine and Ij'A'MijI'h' Lih^rolf, strengthened and increased their l.iu«hihle ambition for classical lore. In ISOO,- Ste. Ainie tJolK''^*.- was inaugurated at (.'hurcli Toint in cliarge of llev. F. rdaiu-iie, an Endist Father, a-. Piinoipal, with an eUi«;ient sialV of assistants. This Colle*'*? is locati-d in a tine buihliiiij erected on the tract reserved for ecelssiastieal purposes, and affords splen0, he was born at Xt'wburv, Coini., in 17-'o. Uut as the (reographical Dictionary located Xewlmry, in County rf Orange, Vermont, on West side (jf Connecticut IJiver, H\o miles ii'tih-wt-t of Haverhill. Xew llamjishire, doubtless he was a nati\'iit" (h*- chief town of that County. He was reared amid coiuNaiutivelv humble surroiimrings, uidilessed with a liberal educali" n, tli'Ugh carefully trained in tenets of the Episcopal Church. At the peace of llS'o, Mr. Towner being a petitioner for Grant of Conway Township, emigrated to Digby, drew lot immediately east of I'aptist Church, Kiuneytown, erected a dwelling thereon, whert.* he resided some years, but removed to Granville, Annapolis Couiicy, ])efore year IT'.H). He was then far advanced in life, and had married a a laily named Anna Prentice, who possessed superior scholarly attainments. Being noted for great activity in promoting his Church, the larishioners elected him one of the Wardens, when abottt building the Church at Black I'oint, which was erected in 17H1. Meanwhile, iJev. Hemy Allitic, born in Xt'W|M(it, Co. of N'.w p..rt. llhode Island, dune 14, 1748, hiid removed with his parents to F'almcruth, Xova Scotia, in 17b,ioiiary unattached to any sect, ami had visited the oM ('..uniy of Aniiaj-lis soon after he commence, Pastor over the Granville (Jhurch, then composed of Congregationalists aiul baptists. Messrs. Alline and Chi[>man were obliged to remain one night in adjacent woods, amidst a heavy rain. Ari'ving at the scattered fishing settlements, they preaclie fur OUCH to the nou-episci»jMli;ui st-rvioe." He afterwaitls vemarkt'd. "I went without any I'nihi-in fnr my soul." All ht- wanted wa> to, hear for himself the " strange things" tlie Baptist was said to preach, in order to form an inde[)endeut judgment concerning him. Serious impressions of a new type burthened Towner's mind for sometime afterwards. He now feared there was no ho}»e in tin- English Church. One day while praying earnestly for pardon of sin, light suddenlv illuminated his soul. The exercise of faith was followed by peace and joy, while the love of (rod permeated his heart. The Baptist (.'huroh of Tpjiev Granville then under pastorate of llev. Thomas H. Chipman, soon welcomed him to membership. Having realized comforts of the newly espouscl faith, Towner soon united with other recent converts in conducting pray'T meetings, where his gifts were iliscovere»l and nurtured. In July, 17'.>1, Klder .losepli Diuujck cro.s.sed from (iranville to Digby, preached lo the Sfoitjii Presbyterians and (.ieimau citizens at Broad Cove and Mount Pleasant, who were so greatly delighted, that they exactetl a premise he wmdd return in two we- Ics. They were destitute of preachers adhering to either the Lutheran MMHMHM 314 OECMSRAPHY AND HISTOUY or Presl»yt»Miaii Ticod : yet tli« y assi-inlilcd on SiitHlay-; tu hear a scrinoii read l>y Mr. Samufl TlKiinjisun, a ( 'att'diist or r,it'»Mitiat«». Ho\v»n«'r. lu'tore the fnrtniudit jiasstMl. tln-y K-anuMl ^^r. niiiiock was not a cnllegiatt'. A<'i'nrl Th">iintsi)n as Convener, to int«Mrn^ate him thfu-on. Whfii thf chair man respectfully asked if he was a < 'oUegiate, l)iniock frankly answer- ed in the negative. Ivejdying to the second ([uestioii " Then w hy lo you jm ach under ''iicli circunistances '" the minister relatfii his happy experiences, and assured Mr. Thompsun that an inward, ardent hjncfiiig thiit others should possess the >ame blessings was his reason; the committeeniiin, grasping his li.vnd, hadf him (rod speed, and cordially invitetl Himook to iNtndiitt the siMvice ;is arranged. Mr. Uimock also visited Sissilion, preaehing in dweUing of Mr. Sabin, whose son and daughter were dee[>ly alVected ; ami )k in his Diarv, " 1 1i 'h ited. H* wrote Mr. l)inioci described ^[r. and Mrs. Sabin as "apparently very good people." Those early, occasional services paved the way tor more continuous and fruitful labours in somewhat later years. When tin- Lowt-r Omnville iJaptist Church was sejiarated from that in eastern part of the Township, Knoeh Towner ln'came n member of the ne.\* body. Kxhortation had dexclopcd into I'leaciiing and itineraey ; conse<[U' ntly, he was now ncogui/ed as n I'-gular lacentiati'. In same ve. , 17'.*7, he Hrst visiteil the old To\vnsiiii> of l)igbv as a clergyman. While it is Lrerierally btdieved tluMe \va> not then a l'>aptist among its resid'Tits. vi-r the name Saxton was omitt'-ii from Episcopal commuuicarits tliou-jh \N'illiam uid his pvoai»tists in that section, and John Saxton, son of the immigrant William and his wife nee Jane Jones, born near ^fontank Point, Long Island, Xew York, July 4th, 17"»S, went to l>igby a young man, M. Margaret, daughter of Alexander and Caroline (Purdy) Haines, l)ecame a Baptist Minister, about beginning of nineteenth century, preached with snecess till he remo\ed with his eom[>aniou's parenvs and others to Histriot of London, I'pper Canada, in loll. Mr. Towner's efforts were chiefly among nominal Episcopalians in the rural districts. He did not attempt to hold any service in the town of Ihgby. As he journeyed, converts multiplied, with the results already noted. Late in the autumn with paltry donations he returned to his home in Lower Granville. During month of April, 1798, he again crossed the Ray of Fundy, and preached firstly on that tour in house of Capt. Isaac Titus, at Trout Cove. In all the i! I I i I I OF THE COlNTV OF OIMJY, Ui') r»f ' t- li ..I'' '(' i .1 .■ ! ) dijiirii't ••Vt'ii f.i' SU.'iiboo. iiis liilmiirs wi'iir iilniutliuitly rt'\v.irtU-i| hy IHimv tiirniii'' tn tlu- I.oni. Tlu-nr was iiut tluii ii ili.s>eutiii'4 lUft'th^'-liMiisi' in tln' pi-t'-ii'iit ».'nniitv ot' lM;;l>y. f.ikt' fxcry ailviM-atf of .1 iifW ilt'|Mitiuv. llic i»rt'iii'Ii»!i' ainl iii-. a, a.-i related in (^'hapter Vllf, Ilev. Jusoiili . I>ini(ick piraohini; tlie Onlinatinn StMninn. In a lottf-r to tin- r.aptist Mls/iiiii>in\>f Mtiijaziif, of Massaclmsotts, dat(.*d Ai'^ylf. Apiil l;'»tli, ISOT, Mr. Townor wvuUi : — " I was fornn-ily sfttlfd over a l'ia[»ti.sl Clnirch. in the Tou'n.sliij) nf Dighv, in tlif ("nunty of Annapoli-^. whure (1 in that Township, as in l>igby ten vears previouslv. After remaininii in Ar^vle as pastor ten vears, Fllder Towner resumed the pistorate at Sissiboo in IShj, liut in ISi*." he removed to \\'est|.nrt. wli'-re he died aiiout three years later. He was interred in the Baptist ( 'emnteiy around his-forniei ehuieh at Wevniouth I'nint, where a Hne uiiUiite tumb- stone erecteil by his loving Hock, marks their oldest Pastor's resting place, containing following suggestive memento : — " To the Memorv of REV. ENOCH TOWNER, who departed this life June 16th, 18 28, in the 73td year (of his age,) who was a successful preacher of the Gospel, more than thirty years of the Baptist Denonii nation. " And they that ue wise shall shine as the i>rightne-> of the firmament; and they that turn many to righteousness ,i- the stars for ever and ever." — Daniel xii, J. His widow followed her deeply laiuentt'd pirtner, Jan. 2l.'nd- 1S40. in her ninetieth vear. II 316 OEDfiRVPHV AND HISTOKY. PrIUENT RonirHEAl.l >, s»'nii>i*, son u f Et i*nnt' titii I F •line* use (Buuis horn iit Port Royul ( Anmipolis,) in 1669. Wliile residin;^ at tlif Cape of Annupolis, he took the oath of Fidelity iin'' Rau\)icheau, Michel Richard. Deni Ste. Jean, Charles Melanson, Pierre Lanoue. P. de Pi«'rre Breinaie, Pierre Bourg, Bernare Bourg and others whose surnames on!}* are given, as Ste. Jean, Fougerre, Morice and L ucnleui-, respect- ively, as required by the Treaty of Utrecht, 'n foll<.>\ving umiuestionable and thoroughly binding words: — " Moy je' prome.s sincerreinent Et jure que je Veut Estre tidelle Et tenir one Veritable alegence a sa Majeste Le roi George tan ([ue je sere a L'Acadie et nouuel Escos.se Et qu' il me seri perniy de n>e retire La ou je jugere a [iropos aulc tous mais Bien menble Et Ertet quant je le jugers a propos san que null*'' persone puise man Enpesche. Annapolis Royal ce 22c Januiei-. 171')." Prudent Robicheau was one of the principal Acadiens at tho Capital. Both himself and brother Louis acquired an elementary education which they prized highly, antl used to good advantage The former enioved confidence nf Enuiish (lovcrimrs Arni-tron;.' and Ma.scarejie. Under full instruction.^ In- conveyed a confidential letter from Lieutenant < loverntjr Jean Doucet, datod March *2!»th, nia, to Pei-e Felix, Catholic Priest at Mines, acknowledging receipt of a Memorial from hitu concerning Acadien tenun* in the Province. He promptly and faithfully di.scharged every duty amidst universal satisfaction. He marri<.'d Anne Dugns. Prudent their son, niarrie Major John Handfield who supervised removal of Aca liens from An- napolis, was not aware that some then living, had taken the oath of Allegiance, Robicheau and others of this de-eription were proscribed with the residue. He however returned in 17tJ», and became founder of Metetrhan seventeen years liitM-. His son Armand married Rosalia daughter of Joseph BourciUf. father of the late Louis Quentin Bourcjue, Esq.. many yt;ar.s Cli'ik of the Peace for district of Clare. l>sue : — Basil. «lied young Benjamiii. Frederick Armand, Xiclwjlas, Francois, Adelui le, C<-lestine A., Ba.sil A., and Mathuriu. Frederic Arnu\nd married Marguerite Melancon, dauohtor of Cyriacu\ of th»» Ptill for oM County of Annapolis with Williiuii Holluntl. nml '.t-rvt.Ml tlie full tt;nii. M. Rohicheau with 8in>on D'KiitrtMiiont »'I thus hotiourfl in tlie MHritiiii«> Province's. They wen; staunch Liht>raU. In th».' Catholic Cemetery at Corberie, stands a beautiful marble tomb- stone, thtis appropriately inscribc'l : — " A la Memoire Du Frederick A. Robiche>ui(l, Mort Le 18 Avril, 1M«J3, Age De 78 Ans. Premier Representative Acadien A La Legislature De La Nouvelle Ecosse." " Priez pour Lui, " " A La Meujoi ^e Marguerite Rol ud, Epouse of Freilerick Morte 3 Janvier. 1880, Age De 80 Ans." "R. L P." • Adelrtiilt-, in French Adele, married Celestine ' ' meau son <>f Jean Comeau who constructed on Comeau's L>i.«uk between Saulnierville and Comeanville, the tirst Saw and fJrist Mill built in Chile. Basil A., was manv vears Collector of Customs at Metey;hau : , wei'.ij.'d Friincoi^e Gaud<'t about year 1G42. They wer. buried In the Freheb Cemetery at P(jrt Royid. Their youngest son, Pierre,, born in 1G64. was the only child uf Daniel \\\\<> remained there. He married Marie Theriault in 168.'). Theji- >on Pierre wa.-^ bv.ri. in follovvirjg year ; after decease of his partn< r If married >ec.»reil\ I 318 GEOOKAPUV AM) UlsTollV MiuleliMii)' H'>m, Im; Ittoiinc tho hii.slitin*! of Miuloleiiit' Oirouunl. Thoy wen- ainoiij^ tlu- Hist AcaBlaiie Cove,) heinjLj nuiiibiMod sfvon on tho Lieens*' and (iraiit with annrxr-l Plan afttiwanis issiu.'d. As Charles Le Bhmc was fmitnli-r of the sittlfinent in tliat localitv, it was natnrall\' caUod LcfUaiu' Cov»- it) hi>» honor. This ftni;lici/.eil literallv is known a^ Whit"- ■< ('(»%♦• hv thf Kij-lish. Pierre, fatlier of this Charles LeBIanc. died at Porr lloval, Nov. 5th, 1717, aged o.*] years. The son also demised in his dwelling in Clare, September .'iOth, iSOo, aijed ;rt'. o'.-aiMjd heinu ex- i)flled in 1 75.'). liv tleeini; to the' fore>t>. wln-rt- tln'V I'luiit'd the vit;ilance of their puisut-i-s Itecondng usi.fnl cl'mi^ts in aftt-r years with those who returned fiom e.\ile. Fhan< (»ls CoMKAi', Si'iiioi. popuiiily kieiwn as Fi,irie"is Ml za ('omean. was l>orn at Pi-rt Kn\ nl. M. Couifaii wasdis- ended from the Hist imnuijrant uf that name who domiciled in Annapolis Valley. Among the two hundred and twency->'e\-en Aeadieiis of that ori^iin wiio took the <.)ath of Fidelitv in 17'>0, were the following, who were j)i'(>liiihly alu•e-^tors ijf the pioneers of Clare, o»' Were themselves amonu its piotu-ers : — Baptist Martiii, Pieiie Martin, Fians RMliich.iiid L'uii^ Rohiolwiud, J. Baptist Bichard, Paul lA'Bhme, Claude < !auilet, .Joseph Mi'lan«;on, Jean Melan<;on, (two persiais of >ame name.) Cod Dugas, Pierre Belliveau, Jean M»-lan»;on. (thii-d of that name,) Charles Belliveau, Joseph Dugas, Pierre Rohichaud, Francois Bou Ixjt, I'rudent Rohichaud, Pierre Lanoue, Prudent Rohichaud. juni'., Pierre Landri, Joseph Doucet, Charles Belliveau, Charles Meleri- son, Charles Meleuson junr.. Piei're Riohaid, Jean I)oucet, Micha«'l Richard, Charle> Landre, Fi"ancois ( 'i'i. Rene Doucet, Ciermain Doucet, Claude Doucet, Jacipie Doucet, Francois Dugas, Joseph Amirault. Charles Mui-e. Matthew Doucet, Louis Thiho, Charle> Belli\e:iu, Pi.-n.' (laui'i •'"-•■••li Rohicl)aud, Lawrence Doucet, Pii.'i'iv Richaril, Fr.incni- Riekai.l, Augustin Coiiii.au, Alexis Doucet, Charles Martin, .ri' ' !i *i'J'. ) f OF THE COL'NTV OK DIOHV. 310 Ri'txo Martii). Piorro Oo tJeliivoan, Charles IiodrDt, .r»'iin Bt'lliveau, Pierre Baudean, Claiidf Doiict. Miehtd Doucof, Michel Richard, Alexandre Conuueau, Jo>ieph Richard, Louis Fontaine, Pierre Conuueau, Claude DuLjas, Joseph Belliveau, Entoine Thibaudeau, Pierre Thiljaudeau, Mich.l ^^u■tin and Jean Baptiste Thibaudeau. Francois Moza Conieau married December 8th, 1742, Felicite, daughter of Charles and Madeleine (Girouard), LeBIaric already named. Their son Francois, was father of Hon. Anskl.m Francois Co.meai:, born in hi.s father's residence at Comeauville, Chire, Deceud»er (jth, I79o. He was trained like ancestry in the science of asxriculture. with lumberins' and tishing : but fouml leizure to improve his susceptible mental faculties. His companion was .NLirie Ann, daughter of Timothee Anunuilt, whose father named toisil in 1769 removed from Pubnic«>, Yartuouth Countv, to vicinitv of New Edinburcjh. Four son.s and Hve daughters were !)• rn from their alliance. He was elucted first member of A>seml)ly tor Clare, in Noveud)er, 1840, as a Liberal, re-elected in I84:i, 1847 and 1851 ; also Gustos of Clart' in 1.S4S. Four years later, lu- retired and was appointed a Legislative Councilloi" in July. iSoo, bring tlif jn-'Miiier Aeadi'-n in ^Llritime I'rovinces thus lionoui-tMl Havi.ig lived an ujti'ight and useful career, he dieil Novemiier '17, 1^(17, a^ed 74 vears. 11 months and H ilays, nnicb and deservclly lamented. His partnt.-r nad demised September 4th, 18()0, aged 77 years. Their graves in 8t. Mario Cenietery, Church Point, are denoted by handsome tombstones appi'opriately inscribed. One of the sons, Anselm M. Conieau, is Deputy Cro' n Land Surveyor and Justice of the Peace for oui* County ; also Municipal Clerk ot Clare. Ambroise A., another son, was also a Justice, and s rved as Treasurer of lUunicipality from its inceptiim till his lamented decease. Am AN I) ^IELA^"^•o^■, ancester of many bearing that name in Clare, lived in 175.') ;it Port Ro\a!, beiny- dfsci.'uded froti' Charhs Jklelenson or Melaneon. elsewhere riamtd. Fkanwer Seine itl with a iUt ur III -^«-— ,,. 320 tiEOfiRAPHY AND HISTORY Oine whicli also includes the former Province of Perclu-. — Nov. lOlh, 17^7. Durin<' tl»e War in which Friiiice wa> arraved against England aui a successful tanner and shoemaker at Church Point — the premier Frenchman in Clare who manufactured leather. Samuel Vouiil; of British anct-strv, was Bur\nafant'^ cnr^tempurarv in le>itlier findings at Petite Ruisseau. .Messrs. Bonrneuti' and Bonnafant left numerous descendants in Clare. William McDoisma.nI). junior, son of Williiim,de.seended from an ancient Ulster family of repute, was born in Valley of the Brandywine River, which rises in Chester County, Pemisylvania, and empties into Delaware River, State of Dehiwaic, now United States of America, in May, 17-i9. Upon attaining his majority, he emigrated with his parents and brotht-r Robert, to Annapolis, Nova Scotia, in 1701, under auspices of Judge Kvruis, ami occupitd Lot 9, about three miles froto the ancient capital, granted to Jacol> Cupling The tw<.) brothers settleil iti CotiWiiy, a^ before stated. Williaiii's tir.>t wife was Mtiibah, daughter of William Fitzgerald, .senior, of Wiltiiot, Annapoli> County, and sister of William, jr., tht* Conway pioneer. After h-.i decease, l.c weihled Trtbitha, widow of tieurge Sehr 'ib-T the !oy;vli>t. aiuI daugliti.-r of Capt Joseph WebVjer, May 25tli, 1802. He now returned to Digby, lived in a house on site of present Baptist Church. nuA died before 1809. Hi^ ■Asdow opened her luMjst^ in that ye.ar for earliest Baptist .service previously described, conducted i.y Eider >FP K i - ■ IV OF THE COUNTY' OF DMiHY. 321 Pnter Ci'imdall. Slit* wjts suhse(|nently enroIlL'd a jnvial)cr of the ' rst L)igliy Neck Baptist Church, and tlieil Dec. 2oth. I>i42. arr...! ftO years. Four sons ami five »hiu;^ditors were William McI)or- inand's c!)iMren. Rohert McDortnanfl first built a small lot; houso at coaHuenco of Annapolis Basin and Grand Jogi^in, near we>tern bank ot* latter, afterwards crossed l>y Faulknt.T Highway, but now traversed l)y the Railway wldch follows that road from head Grand Joggin westwardly across the tract of thirty-three acres granted to him, — the present public road having been made by railway contractors when the line passed over that lot where the present frame dwelling built about IS.'JO, was tht?n located He died October 7th, 1802, of old age. William Fitzcerald, junior, was son of William Fitzgerald who emigrateil from Ulster, IrelamI, to Annapolis, about 1701, and cleared a tract of Crown Land in present Township of Wilmot. The Provincial Archives cf)ntain an undated paper headed, " List of names of Persons applying for rights above the Township of Granville, on the River of Annapolis Royal, on the road to Halifax." It comprises James Nichols, Joseph Hill, junior, James McGregor, *J5amuel Chute, Joseph Hill, senior, Edward Snow, Wiliam McKein, WiU'ui.ni Graves, WdHdiii FitzgemUl, Isf, *W'd[laiv, Fitzgerald, Jiid, Mr. Herrick and son, Israel Loiigieij, yat\\niV\e\ Horton, *Joseph Rice, James Delaway, John Soward, *Samuel Harris, Willian» Pooke, Wise Wright, Nathaniel Chandler, Joiuitfian Li'enJ!UMin eldest .son of Christopher, liecame a phy**ician. in Lawreiuetowri, was a magisti'ate in 1702, but removed later' to New V^rk. His wife was Jerusha Tupper. His son John removed from Nova Scotia: another, Chri.-toplie)-. w s ancestor of the Prinei f;uniI'"S now living in Annapolis (,'nunty. Wu,r,l.\.M Sahin, a French Prot'-stant. tlu' earliest itf that surname in America, was native of Rielielle, Department of Charente Inferieure, which with Charente, compi-i-»e the ancient Provinces of Aunis and Siintonge. He riein hat! twpnt^• childn'n.— one of wh im name«l Benjamin, was jiaient of Jeremiuh Sabin, -enior. who>e .son Jeremiah. Junior, born Febuary 17th. 1717, in Pomfret, fornierly Woo Nt ock Windham Count\ Conneetient n irri-d Susanna La N'allo' of <^>uebec, endgrated as a fisherman to Argyle, J^uein's ( oiinty, now Yarmouth, Nova Sc<»tia. in 17b2. I' 1 ■^ n'! ^f--= OF THE COLNTY OF DIOBY. :J2H While pursuing his iivnc.ition \v»'stw»ir; building on what is now ciiilcd Doucet'-^ f'oiiit, west bank of the River on southeastern side St. Mary's Bay. In 1706, Saboan as the name is now jjenerally spelled, crossed the Sissiboc), and domiciled on Lot 17, division letter R, boundi-d south-west by the River, now owned an^l occupied by Hurvey Brooks, Gilbert Hankinson and Alfred Grant. He ieasetj the hitter tract of James B. Fiancklin May •2.'»th, 170fj, which he improved extensively. Lot l«S, now owneil by heirs of Jacob Wyman, was also cleared in part by Sabran, and cnnsideral>ly improvetl. Joi>athan Strickhmd soon rem<»ved to eastern liatik of the River, locatinj^ (m southern side of Weymouth FNiint and northern side of Cosman's Creek, where lattiir unites with the Sissiboo, on site of present residence occupied by G. I) Campbi.dl, Es(|. FrederFck Huntle\' shortlv iu'came the self created tenant on farm afterwards owned by David Shook. Jeremiah Sabt-jin and his companit)n had some education. The Indenrure of Improvements on Lot 17 to their son-indaw, Nathan Sav.iry, senior dated ( )ctober 2<)r,li. ITNG. ami i-ecorded in Comity HetfiNtiar's Otfiee. was signed in their respective haiiilwritinu. The issue of their union was as follows : — Sarah marrieraham Brool xS itnothv marrit'i I I VHUl Clements, of Yai-mouth, X. 8. Willouufhby, Kfth child arid second son ot Jerendah. was father of David, mai'iied Charlotte Charlton, daughter of James Charlton, who lived in VVilm(jt Mountain : Caleb marrieil Mary Ann Grant ; Benjamin niarriid Amelia Barr : Jacob never married; Sarah married James (jreene, senior ; C'live married William Barr : Elizabeth died nnmarried. Bcnj.unin, sixth child anavid arel Mary Grant . H<,'nrv Charltiai, senior, married rir.stlv, Jane Piime, .seci»ndl\', Sarah, ilauiiht*-!- of Reuljcn Hankinsc^n, senior, iint tli<'U widow of William B. McConnell : Marv married Charles McNeill, J unior Catl KTine marriet 1 J ame lU of John Muih-n. < r il Aaron married Sarah Prime, daughter o\' (.u-or;jje Prim--, scuh.t ; •Elizabeth married David Mullen, senior: Jane marrittl 'iinintliv hU M A^24 GE«)GRAPHY AND HISTOUV Brooks; Benjuiiiin iuiiirien^. senior, married Eliza McCcnin.-Il, oniychiM of VVilliain Brcwn McConnell drowned iu Sissiltoo Riv«r ; and Clmrh^tte married James Smith. The Parents removed ^^to Wihnot Mountain, Annapolis County, where they died at residence of Jeremiah, who had settled there, and are buried in that neighbourhood. They were ancestors of the numerous progeny of that name in the County. Nathan Savauy. Senior, was born at Rochester, Plymouth County, Province of Massachusetts, in 174-S, aih\ named for his mother's brother, Nathan Bumpas. He married primarily, Elizabeth Nye. said to have been descended from a Percival family of rank iu England ; she left an honorable memory att'eetionately cherished by a respectable posterity. At outbreuk ut rebellion, he joined the Continental Army, and was presumably with General Eihan Allen, when he surpris'^d the fortress of Ticonder- cga, and demande. in this Province he was faithful to the bann«,'r lunler who.sc fold.i he finally sheltereidHnts nf Digby County, th«> following were pi'ogt-ny of second alliance; — Sarah, l)orn May 14th, IT'SO, married Charit< .Thibault, of Frtnoh e.vtiaction ; Sabine, boin March 20th. 17>SH, mai'ried Olivia, dauirhter of Samuel Marshall, a lo\'.ilist NovendxM", loth, LS2l. who tjiiiigrated from New Vork to Shel- burne, and thence to Yarmouth, one of the two *.-arlit'st wardens of Trinity Efjiscopal Church there, a prominent n»erchant. pioneer shipbuilder, and an .M. P. P. for V'armouth Town-ihip, from ISII to his death al'out fir^t, of April, l>ii:}, as he wa> buri'd on third of that month. vSabine Savary po.ssessed r-jmarkahlc physical r, r- t: ^^.Miaii^* Ill n ♦s iR" OF THE COrNTV OF DU'.V.Y. 325 energy and powers of endiininof. Ho t.'uily HIKmI a cou^itlfiiiM.- space in coinmerciiil arena of Dii,hy, Hrst witli Ea^tport, M.iint.', then a market freijuonted hy tril'Ts of Uf^t'rn N»»\a Shti, N B. H" loiv^ p .s- sessed ofi'eat personal inHuence in Plyni[»t"ri, wli'Tf hv roidfd n?j the paternal homestead, and died May Ist, I.S78, a«;ed over 90 years. Lemuel, died while an infant; Ksthcr, horn Mhv, 1st, 1792, married James Smith ; Siisunrui f,t'\')ill«'u, manicd Jiiiufs Brown: Deidamia, horn Oct. 17th, MWt inarrnMl Hrstly. (Jeor^jje VVorthylake, secondl}', James Stanley VVrii;ht, seni(»r; Uriah, born, May 20th, 1709, marrieci in I.S2M, AN-y Elizaheth Worthy- lake. He w,is a pions Baptist, and rlitd in April, 18.S1 ; Duhomh, born Oct. I7th, ISOI, married John Andicw>, senior, a native of Plymouth Dock, D»'vonshire, England: thry lived and died in North Range ; Orilla, born Dec. 7th, l.sO.'i, married William Warner, senior, fium Blythe, Northumbcrl.indshire. Englaml, *o Plympton, Digby County, Nova Scotia : she dit^d in February, 1877 ; Mr. Warner followed Dec. 8th, l.Sf>2, ag.'d 02 vears ; Lvdia. born April loth, 180G, married Samuel Doty, Jr„ son of Samuel Doty, the New Edinburgh loyalist and Blacksmith ; Nathan, born June 18th, 1809, married Phebc, daughter of Jabez W. Dunbar, a son of Joseph Dunbar, junior , the loyalist; Mary Anne, born Dec. 13th, 1813, married Alh-n (/hu.vi. Alfred William Savary, M. A., Barrister-at-Law, c.r-M. P., fv>Inspector of Schools for Annapolis and Digl)y Conntics, also pn's<>nt Judge of Comity Court, for those Districts, born October lOf.li, 1831. is cmly >im» of Sabine Savary, Es(juire, J. P., and a grandson of Nathan Savary, senior. The latter was a carpenter, and built a Saw-Mill on Savary s Brook running through his fine farm at Plympton. Amos Botsford, Soliciting Agent for Loyalists at Digby, as- sociated with Lieut. Col. Benjamin Thompson, Lieut. Col. Edward Win.slow, Major Joshua U^pham, Rev. Sanniel Seabury, Rev. Jf)lin Sayre, and James Peters, came from Newt(»n, FairtieM County, Connecticut, being descended from Henry Botsford, wrio emigra- ted from Entjland to Connecticut in H'/.V). Thev were mi New York, 1783, arranging for transportation of fellow sufferers to Nova Scotia. They visited Amiapolis, Conway, Parr Town now St. John, and other points, to select most eligible location^! for colonization. Their letter of January 14, l7s3.t|Uoted in [)art on page 40, was written by Mr. Botsf(jrd in behalf of this entire Board of Agents. Besiiies the Lot-* dra'.v n in l)i;;l>v he also re- ceived those in St. John, New Brunswick, numbered 202 and 203, situated in south side T'nion Street at north east corner (jf Prince William Street : alst* an extensive tract in Sackville. W',-tniore- \i 320 GEOGRAPHY AND UI8T011Y lainl Coimty, arouml heiul Bay of Pun3. William Botsford, his son, born in 1773, was then a member for Westmoreland, became Speaker in 1815, Solicitor-General follow- ing year ; Assistant Justice Supreme Court, ^823 ; and died in 1864. William Hazen Botsford, represented Westmoreland from 1842 to 1850 ; Bliss Botsford 1850 to 1854, 1856-57 ; 1865 to 1870— Speaker 1868-70 ; also, Surveyor-General, 18G5-G6— after- wards Warden of Dominion Penitentiary at Dorchester, West- moreland County, New Brunswick. Chipman Botsford sat for County of Restif^ouche from 1854 to 1856. Hon. Anxjs E. Bots- ford was a member ot the Legislative Council from 1833 to 1867, when he was called to the Dominion Senate, hohling latter posi- tion till his decease, March 19, 1894, aged ninety years. Hence, the descendants of Amos Botsford enjoyed an unusual share of public confidence and patronage throughout. The Viets families of Digby are descended from that of Botsford. JosiAH Jones, Senior, born in England about 1640, emigrated to Boston, Massachusetts in 1665, procured a lot in centre of that City, then a part of Watertown ; Married Lydia Treadway of Charlestown, and settled on his land in Boston, The ortspring comprised Josi ih, Jr., Nathaniel, James, Samuel, John and Isaac ; also four daughters, the eldest being Lydiar. When a Church was formel«SllV. :i27 i ' 'fi:-, ~i) *'ifi Brown of Biistoii, nii'l IfCitfl in St'tckl>i*i'I.j<', ilion inliul.ir 'I chiefly by In'liuns. Tlu.-ir oliiMr«ti win- .ro«,i;ili. 4tli, Kli-^liu, .li . Anna and Ke/iuh JosiMli iiiunifil a Miss \Vii()i|l>ri«l*;t'. ^ui'l 8ettleliii. Jr., tliii«l ^«>n oji Klisha .Sfni'>r : -u'i Simeon his brother, emiLjiateil to Nova Sootin. Th*- first thu .^ named, with their futnilies, and thut uf Klisha. Jr., doiiiicili'd in Weymouth, as stated in Chap. V. Rlisha Jones. Senior, third sun of Josiah, 2nd, (iiarried Mary, daui,diter of Doucon Xathatiii'l All'in of Boston, occupied his father's homostoad in that City : possessid first cliuss, unyieldinar principles : was a Justice of the Pivicf, Colonel of Militia, and member of the House of Ass«'mb!v He di.'d February 15, 1775, aged 65 years. The four Jones men who uamo as Loyalists to Nova Scotia, were great-^^randsons of Josiah Jont-s, Senior, who left England and became citizens of Boston. Mass. Elisha Jones, Jr., married Mehitable LTpham of Weston, Mass. Their issue are given on page 55. As noted in Appendi.K, thf Jones families have been constantly prominent in County affairs. Stephen Jones was born May 28, 1770, graduated from Harvard University, Cambridge, Ma.ssachusetts, married Sarah, daughter of Col. Samuel Gouldsbury, native of Edinburgh, Scotland, but then living in Wrentham, Norfolk County, Mass., a Grantee, as Loyalist, Merchant and very enterprising citizen of New Edin- burgh. Stephen Jones, Esq., was many years a Justice of the Peace and Registrar of .Deeds in Si ssiboo. After an eventful. useful life, he died March 4, 1863, aged 92 vears, 9 months, and 8 days. His partner had demised August 20, l.s:tO, aged 77 year-- Their residence in Weymouth northeasterly from E.\hiliiti'>n Building, now occupied by Louis Bonnafant, was rtrst frame houst- erected between St. Peter's Church and old Bridge over SissiU.o River. Jacob Cornwell, Senr., was builder. Guy Carleton Jonts, also Registrar of Deeds, was their son. The following is copied from a Monument in St. Peter's Cemetery, Weymouth ; — " To the memory of Josiah Jones, late Chief Magistrate of the County of Annapolis, this Stone is inscribed by his atFectionate widow and surviving children. He was the seventh son of Hon. Elisha Jones of Weston in Massachusetts. Stedfast in allegiance to his King, he exchanged his native Countrv, A. D. 1783 for the wil- derness of Nova Scotia ; and by the blessing of God upon his industry and judicious economy, was I'nabled to live in it comfort ably, happily, and independently. His several rlutios as neighbor. husband, parent, citizen, antl magisttate, were fultilled witli a steady, temperate, and conscientious perseverancf, worti\y of emulation. Humbly confiding in the merciful promises of God in Christ, he departed this life in peacf, the lOth day of June, 328 fJEOGRAPHY AND HI^TOftY 1825, in the 8lst year of his a;jje; Margaret .linle, his wife. n()raliles Isaac Deschanips and James Brenton, Judijes of Supremr Court, for refiisin;^ to entertain a Paper in suit of Morse vs. KiMit, in Novembei*, 17S7, precisely similar in form as that admitted by them in suit of Abner Morse vs. Samuel Mor.se trie'ic;if//// actions, instituted by mutual aj^reement, to test lefjality of a certain division of lands in Annapolis T(nvnshi[», which were fjranted in common. His secon;e representin*^ citi/t-ns from late tliirtt.'en colonies, now c|e\el(jped rapidly. The mana'^eni<-nf of prf\ ions suits bv Ubediah Wheelnck '•>• Kbenezer Me-senijei-, Katlierns >m. Pineo, in Annapolis; Kerin '•>• Bonnell, at Dif,d>y, and other similar cases were (juoted in support of Impeachni'-nt Naturally the debate was heated and very eloquent. Every ingenuity was employe*! t)n both sides. The accused were, however, acquitted eventually. Barclay, Milledge, and Howe were app(jinted a connnittee in 17H7, to consider propriety of granting Bounties towards erection of a Furnace for reduction of native iron ores, and their manufacture into bar iron. They recomn»eny Barclay anijnty. In IT'J.'J, MiHefl^^e fi'aimjJ a Bill to allow Deputy Larnl .Suiv.'y.)r» to ailniinistei* (uUh of p»jsition to chain liearti- in '^t.ililisliing lints which became law. He also presentee>21. bv Joseph Sentell of Windsor, NovaSeotia.and occupied by him a few years provimisly. where they prosecuted an extensive business until burncii out, when the enterprise closed. Mr. Milledge declined a seat in Council of New Brunswick, offered by Governor .^myth He died August 21st, 1838, aged 62 year.s." Stephen Millelg. tldnl 330 OEOrmAPHY AND HISTUUV 80n of the Major nmrried a Miss BotsfonI, and after Wr •leatli, a MissSinionds. John I. Milledj^e, of Clii^jotowij, New Brunswick: (.Jeorge 8. Milled^*'. Barrister, Rev. Arthur Mille;II, son nf Colin, senior, ha'l meanwhile located in 1S1»), on present Henry M. Taylor's homtstead, north of Cosman's Cieek, Weymouth, ami succeeded late (iuy C. Jones as Reoistrar of Deeds for Digby County, while his son Samuel, as well as Colin a •'randson, and jifreat-grandson Jcthn, represented tlie County in Parliament at different periods. In connection with Colin Caniphell. the r».'ader is informed that his son Samuel lived many years in New Edinhurgh, east of Sissiboo River, ami subsequently was member of the Assembly for Annapf)lis County 1H20 to 1.S27, and afterwards became third Collector of Customs for that port. He demised September 9th, 1851, ager of Trinity Church, Fairfield, Connecticut, when F»,evolution commenced. He also drew lot 36, on Dock Street, St John ; but settled in Maugerville, Sunburv Countv, where he died August 5th, 1784, in his 48th year. His daughter Esther, uiarrietl Hon. (Christopher Robinson, Surveyor-General for Upper Canada. Their son Sir Beverly Robinson, was afterwards Chief Justice of Canada West, and his grandson. Hon. John Beverly Robin.son, more recently sat in House of Commons for Algoma, and became Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario, in 1880. Calnek's History of Annapolis County, states that David Seabury was brother of Rev. Samuel Seabury, D. D., agent for Loyalists, who was consecrated first Bishop of the Church of England for America. He located in New Edinburgh with partner anyl\ ani i. His first service was at head of about one hundreittack»'d, only eight of his c(jmpanions retui'ued. The oth. rs wt-r.- captured by the Whigs, over thirty were sentenced tn die and two were executed : while the rest -aved their lives bv t'oIl<«win:' Continental Army, though all who survived till they could ilesert, re-joined the Royal forces. He was next employed to penetrate the country for ascertaining strength and position of a rebel corps, being recommended to rank of Ensign for his skill and bravery. In June, 1779, he capture*! a Whig Colonel, a Lieut.- Colonel, a Major, two Captains, witli several of inferif>r position ; also destroyed a considerable magazim; of powder and arms. While returning, with a (|uantity of public stores secured as booty, the party was assailed by a force of twice its number, and after a spirited encounter (jf forty minutes, were disj)erst'd l>y the Royal detachment at point of ba\c)nc-t. Reliefs lost one fourth of their company including the leader, in killed and wuundi d. The loyalists with depleted ranks arrivel entire conHdence <>f superiors, — possessinj^ in tht-ir estimation, niarkeil ability as a partisan and spy. His plan on May 1st, 1780, to seize Living- stone, Governor t)f New .J<'rsey, and the subsequent attempt to explode the nia;;azint,' at Snck>isanna, Morris County, New Jersey, failed, thi-ou^h intimation eonv»'yed to the enemy by unsuspected traitors in Moongth promoted to rank of Lieutenant while in Skinner's Brigade. In 1782 he visited England, where many evidences of esteem were bestowetl. After compiling a minute but appalling narrative of arlventures during the contest, which revealed numerous instances of intense personal suffering ami most marvellous escapes from death at hands of the Republicans, Lieutenant Mo(jdy returned to New Jersey; anli, I^t^cember 10, 1783, while Ruther- ford with other en\i<'fants, sailed in another vessel owned bv tht^ tirm and called I* v'l an' of IT'cit-.v, Captain Joseph Wi'iderholdt, that was ririven hv a ifale to H^'nll^ la, and wreck^^d. The sad news having reached Digby, Capt. Jonatlmn Walton proceeded to Bermuda in the Josepfi, during early spring of 1784, and transpcrttid tht. survivors, Houry Rutl.t-rfo.id, ['■LtLii' r .-iid fiv*,- children ; Jasper Smith, senior, and wife , John Caldwell who OKOGRAPHY AND HLSTOUY settled at Petite P;iA.sage, and liis three chiMren . Jacob S\iiith, coipianion and one child; John Billing and wife: Jy, who t)CCU|Med the Lovett Honse- stead, southeast corner Qi;een arbl Warwick Streets, and aisi> the store on oppo.site corner of <^>ue(n and Warwick Street-;, Imtl. buildings facing the latter: Dennis manietl Katherine widow of James Everett the loyalist, Anuu-t 1^. i.SO>S : David, thf \ouii»;ate was a{tprais«.'il after his decea.-o for X-2i..S00. Henry (i Tinnbull, E.^j., the enterprising Pro- prietor of "South End (irocery/' at his fjitlu-r's old stand is now thj.: only descemlant of his great grandfather .Rutherford resi'ling in Digby. Ail other progeny ar<,' deceased, e.\ce))t possibly some posteritv of the Perkins famdy in Atniajxilis or elsewhere, — and Henrv Moodv, master Mariner, livinix in Wevmouth. This men»oir is now concluded with the following Obituary handed the author in penmanship ot* Mr. Ruth-iford's beloved pastor. Rev. Rog(;r Viets, senr., by late Charles Hudd, Es<|nii'e, ex-M. P. P., J. P. Custo.s anil Registrar of Prob.itf, a nou of Eli.sha Bndd the loyalist, and contemporary merchant :—■ "Died on tlie 21.st February, at Digby. Henry Kutherforeen a long tiiue t!>e chief guide and support of M i| 11! m J m 1 . a ^ ^'fl H 1 H ' tI |i >9 < Jj i^f rfifl m |.ij' ' , m m '-:'!. ip u ,- ,* i'. '■? rf m f^: fr !■' ' -^ i -■■i ■ 11' -'•',' I if OF THE COUNTY OF DFGBY. a3.=5 the Commerce and Navigation of Oii;by. Haviiv^ act|uircd a cupital estate by lionesty, economy an> friends t<> bewail their in'eparabl.> hjss." James Addixotox Holdsworth, wa-. a native <»f London. Middlesex County, Ent Representative of the Countv, retaining his seat till the dissolution of 1843, discharuinf' every duty satisfactorily to English voters. But the Acadians desired a member from their district. Mr. HnM-wnrth tearinff two Liberal nominees would ensure choice of t.f Conservative candidate, gracefully retirehout tht; intMiiorablc contest, being often einployt'd anublieans. At acknowlt-tlge- ment of Independence, their bunls were peremptorily confiscated to the Fetleral Grt^ ernment. Like many others similarl}' situated the Cohmel and his sons with their families, emi^jrated to Nova Scotia. After a stormy voyage on board his Majesty's ship-of- war Spenrer in May, 1783, they reached Annapolis, with negro slaves, a few pure bretl horsei, some cows, a pack of hounds, and several \aluabir household effects. Repairing shortly to St. Marv's Ba\, tliev selected the Plantation on its south-eastern side, around Gilbei-t's Creek, an arm of the Bay about fourtetMi miles west of Digby, and nearly si.K east of \Veymoutli Bridge, as their almde. In a letter froiu Major Gilbf it, " Patiy," in Massachusetts, a former female slave of his father, we are informed that they found sufficient salt marsh an«l upland previously cleareil, probably by Acadiens. to supjily fodder foi' their herds; also, that ample lumber to buihl a vessel II f^ i f'iTT^ & I'll j « - ■ I- or THE COirNTY OV DIHBY. H.17 of two huutlre'l tons laiil on shoie of tlif Bay and in tli.- Civfk when they hinlv seated an I in liix tl health. H maiden sister Debcjrah re>i jjrant coinpriserl six hundred acres, lying most ailvantageously. Furthermore liis mother in a communicatioM to fritM\(ls recently emigrated to New Brunswick, dated November 1st. 1784, assureil them that they had been on the Point one year ; owned eight cows, tour oxen, six horses, besitles soun' neat cattle. The farm yielded provender sufficient to keep this stock. Hfiice, they manufactured large quantities of l)utter an ik . . I '; His^nuulfatlier, Col. Thomas Gilbert, (.lirtl at ( ia;;oto\VM, Xtw Brunswick, July 2, 1797, a^od 84 y»>ars, iL'avin;^ a very nuiiu mu^ postt'rity, .s»)iiie of whom have .sinc<* worthil}' HIIlmI vaii»»u-N stjitions of trust in that Province Th.- projK'rty in Di-^'hy Township left by the colonel's will to Nathaniel ami Humphrey Gilbert, fourtli and Hfth sons of the Major, was unoccupied by tenants for .some years. After a len;;thened period, John Northrup, son of Josepli the loyalist, leased the Point and lived in the old dwelliuif some years previous to 182-I'. Williaui Northrup, son of Joshua, brother to Joseph, and hence cousin of John, lived at same time on site of Thonuis Walsh's present dwellin«j. The heirs sold the lamls at (Jilbeit's Cove to William Ge«)rge Robinson, Luke LeBlanc, loseph H. Harr, Jesse Buri", Alpheus Jones, Joseph Thibaudeau, and Kdward A. Jones, in ditierent lots. Benjamin McConnki.l, Senior, with hi.s wife Kli^cabeth, ;i daughter of Matthew Haines, Junr., and their family, came to Weymouth in the sloop ShiKilderlinni from Xew York in May, 1784, after a boisterous and prolonged voyage of nine weeks, — having lost her bowsjait in Grand Passage. Samuel r)oty the Loyalist, a blacksmith. Alexander Haines, Ji»seph McConnell, bj^nior, brother cf I'enjanuii, and others, were also i)assengers. She lande GEOfiUAPHY AND HISTOUY Foreign Parts for a Missionary, the suhject of this Moinoir was selected ; and on receiving the proper notitication embarked in following June for the scene of his future Uibours. Having reached l>ighy, he wiott- as follows to l{»»v. William Morrice, Secretary of the Society, under date of July 11, 178t> ; ** Have arrived here. Am very respectfully received and entreated by the inhabitants in general Hope to compensate for the long time they have waited." In his first Annual Report at closp of Eccle.siastical year, dated September 20, IT'.^O, the subjoined is found ; — " I have not only continued to officiate at Digby in gene- ral, but have also visited the adjacent settlements to a considerable distance, and officiated in various places. My situation at Digby is very agreeable to lu- . the people show the greatest affection for me, and are universally and strongly attached to the British Constitution, and to His Majesty. But they have been for their loyalty stripped of their property, and although they have formally been possessed in general of substan- tial estate, they are now reduced to extremely low circumstances." He next referred at length to proposed erection of a Church in Digby the coming year, and urged very strongly, that the Imperial Parliament be entreated to grant a donation tcnvards building Episcopal Church' 's in Xova St.'(»tia. as had been already done for New Brunswick, tli'>ugh less necdv. Ilu also assured tht* Vtmera- ble Society, that the residents of Digby were then ([uite unable to construct a Church sufficient to >tM.t the congregution. ApjiiMnleil is the " Notitia rantchitis" for Trinity I'arish from his arrival, July 11, 178t), to date of lI<'i>ort — Christint'd «;ix idults. fifty-oiie infjints — married four couples — communicants, seventeen wiutes, thirty-one blacks on»; Tortuguese ; — 49 in all — buried three per- sons. On fourth of ensuing (October, he drew the bill of fifty pounds sterling, in favor of Rev. Samuel Parker. In this cotumu- nication, Mr. Viets reported he had visited Sissiboo and the other settlements on St. Mary's Bay. Tradition relates that all such journeys by this indefatigable Prelate, were performed on horse- back over the Indian Path, from head of Little Joggin ilown the Bay. At samt; time, he hud also visited the German Settlement on Bear River, w hose inhiil»itants being educated Lutheran^, wcH'. very well dis] '-ae-i toward the b* PH. BY. 341 circti in stances. These peojiK' a-* well a^ tlins>,' at l>ii,'liy, wore verv ilesiruiis to obtain Books of T'oniinHn PniV'T, antl other woik.s 6{ l)evoti(^n : for whicli they wouM !•*' very fhaiikfnl. uhilf using them heneHiMally. He also applietl un- Tiaots on Ol.<.Tvanci.' «>f the Lord'"* Pay, and regular attendance at puMii- worship. T'ndiT date of September 20, 17'.)o, he infonnt^d Dr. Moiice, that Sissiboo was being habitually visited about four Sundays yearly ; whose residents were very anxious to have a Parish S<*h(»ol. Ch-ments also received six calls during a similar [»eriod. He had visited Grand Passage the previous month, August, preached a sernxtn on Pirier Island, married one coui»le by Licence, and baptized eight children, preached also on Long Lsland, and christened fifteen children. He remarked further, — " I was received with great joy by the whole of the inhabitants." The " Xotitia Pariochitia " at this date, was as follows : — At Sissiboo, communicants, seventeen white* ; Digby, communicants, thirty-one whites, five blacks. This was after the emigration from Brinley Town to Sierra Leone. He likewise com- plained of extreme scarcity of bread, and high prices of provisions and clothing throughout the Province. This was occasiritain. Mr. Viets also added ; " The enthusiastic Sectaries, such as Xew Lights," now known as Piajitists, Methodists, etc., " after repeated attempts, have had scarcely any success except in Clements, where they have a considerable conuregatiwu. In no other part of my mission, is there any Public Worsliip perftH'med, except that <.f the e>tal>lislied church." In his report for 1790-97, occurs these items : — " Last autumn," 179i), " I accom[)lished a journey of more than 80 uiiles through bad Roads, Creeks, Rivers and Forests. I passed through a French Settlement 30 miles in length, about 150 families. They treated me with all possible respect and hospitality, and professed the firmest attachment to our King and Constitution. But could not or would not understand anything of our Church ; nor will they give the least credit to France for having abolished Christi- anity and established Paganism and Atheism. They have been persuaded by some French Emissaries and Prisoners that the Gallic Church is in full splendour and pros^terity ; and that King and Royal Family and Mobility of France were, put to death on the discovery of a plot to destroy the Itomish (.'hurch and introduce Protestantism; that it was discover'j'l tl.at the Qntjen ><( France with King's consent, had sent many Livres abroad to hire Armiea of Protestants to invade France an J < ut t!ie thioats nf all hnriest Catholics. I carried with me the book called the " Bloody Ba.«y." 342 GEOGRAPHY AND HIsTOHY CiMiiiot but testify in their f;ivur that they are a very peawaMo .Iread and ex[»Iaineil it to them, hut they esteem it a mere tietinii. Honest, industrious people. Leaving the French SettK'iiient travelled with Col. Taylor, an English guide and Kreni-h guidn through a forest about 12 miles to first Settlenjent in Yannnuth." He returned home soniewhai later. According t«» same letter •Clements contained sixty or seventy families, including sixteen or eighteen of German extraction. About one hundred and fiuirteeu of the total were New Lights, Baptists, or Methodists. About forty families lived so near Sissiboo Church as to be able to attend the four yearly services, besides others hehl occasionally. They made a collection for him at each visit, which he esteemed highly, as it was given with such great aft'ection. He acknowledged receipt of Prayer and other Books, from the Society, which had "been properly distributed. " Raribling preachers in great numbers (the most ignorant men in the country) hover at a distance ; but my coiigiegations at Digby and Sissiboo are yet uninfested by them, which can be said of few or no other places in the Province." He had again visited the Neck and Islands. His communication •dated Michaelmas, 1799 contains this allusion to relative work of •differents sects ; " New Light Methodists and Quakers are zealous in dispersing their books." Suggests similar efforts by the Society. He then rejxtrted thirty-eight communicants at Digby, eighteen at •Sissiboo, — all whites. This was his last statement for the latter. May 12, 1800, he wrote .—"On the 25th ult., it pleased God to take from me my amiable and worthy wife, with whom I had lived in the utmost harmony and satisfaction 28 years, by whom I had eight children, and six grand children. " My loss is irrepar- able ; my mind is inconsolable." Writing 2oth ^larch, 180U, to IJev. Win, Morioe he says: — "The New Lights and other Enthusiasts are very troublesome upon the outskirts of my Mission ; but the town of Digby and vicinity of my church still •continue uninfested by them. Indeed, those poor ignorant people in extreme eastern end of the ^lission who have been excited by their poisonous errors to the height of enthusiasm, have so far neglected their business to follow those rambling Preachers thut they have become very poor, and are much distressed for the bare necessaries of life ; which at last seems a little to cool their /eal, •and abate their frienzv ; as well as to reduce the extra vaiiaut contributions luinierlv raised for their itinerant leaders. The people at Sissiboo seem very happy under ministrations of their Kector, II iv. C. W. Week^i." He tlien re[>'jrted communicants at Dijjbv, — thittv-sfveii whites, five blacks. ! ; )i ■11 I II < ? a ;. '> r ,' , ' ■ !';:. [ iri*;. 1 1 \^.\' ■' rrrlf . • 1 1 ' ' a iilil i H '"1 III II OF THE COUNTY OK rM<;HY, 94n On SuiKluy. July 18, 1802. he \v»MMr. In the course of the year, he baptized (H), five of whom " were adults, married 13 couples and buried 12, miunicants 34." The Pai di Register atates that he died of " i^uick Consumption." He was then in 74th year of his age. His widow departed to the spirit wnrld, January 1, 1817, in her (Uth year. Rev. Roger Moore Viets, A.B., son of Digby's earliest Rector by first nuirriagc, received a highly advaticed cducatiMii, was Assistant or Curate of Trinity Church, St. lohn. New liruuswick, in 1805. "St. John Oraraniar School" was established by law March 5th, in that year, with Rev. Mather Byles, I>. I)., Rector of "Trinity," William Campbell, Mayor of the City, Ward Chij)- nian, senr.. Recorder, Hons. George Leonard, member of Joint- Executive and Legislative Council, Jonathan Bliss, Chief Justice, William Pagan, member of Council, John Robin-ou, John Black, Ks(|uires, and Hon. Thomas Wetmon?, Attorney-General, constitut- ing the nine Board of Governors. At iheir first otUcial convention March, l'.>, 1805, Rev. R. M. Viets was elected " Mastor " or Principal, and continued with acceptance to hold that position till elected in 1814 to succeed his fiither as Rector of Digby. May 1, 1815, Wardens Isaac Hatfield and Peleg Wiswall under author- ity of ^landanuis issued by Sir John C. Sherbrooke, Lieutenant- Governor of the Province, duly inducteii the seci»nd Rector elect. He continued in that position till June 26, 1839, when the grim messenger called him at the age of fiftv-fom vears. De- enl luts of Digby's two earliest Rectors are worthy litizens of the County 3U OEOORAPHY AND HlsTDKY town and elsowhere, he Cr.il. Massachusetts. Eniigrat*;"! to Dij^l>y as Lieutenant Colotiil Oomtnandant of a "Chiss" or Company of fiAirt'en loyalists, who with himself received a (Irant of Lon^ Island, and >»ttle'l in Freeport, on Lot now occupifd by bis grandson, Uarnanl M iXeill, the only niendter of second u**neration now living. (Jonimi.'.sionod a Justice of the Peace for Cr»unty of Annapolis, .Viigust 18, 178'» ; and in IV'.H), Collector ot ( ustonis, Impost autl Kxcisc, also of Light I>uty, for Port of I>igl»y. He then removed to that Town. His brother, Charh's McXeil, Ks«i., was Representative of Sliclbnrue County iu the Hoiise of Assembly from r>ecember Ist, 1785, to general flection in IT'.K'.. The subject of this biography as well as his brother, faithfully discharged every duty, and gave general satisfaction. Xeil died August 2nd, 179-", iiid was buriee of thaf name in the countv are worthv descendants. He was accinentallv drowni.ii uu loth if June, 1814. Lssue ; — loha married Freelove Subean, eldest daughter of Penjamin, senior, and w»M'e parents of .Injm S. McXeil, Es*^., f./-.M. P. P., and now liegistiar of I>eeds; Lydia marrieil Patrick Shaw, of l.oim Island; Sarah, married Thoma- Pvue, of Loiiij; Tslaml . (.'harles. married tirsth', Marv Sabeau ; secondly, Martha E. Wilson, and lived at North Pange Corner; Archibald, martied Louisa, daughter of Xicholas Haines, son of Bartholomew the loyalist ; Eliza, married dohn Uimbertson, junior, of Barton ; X'eil, married Ellen Clements, daughter of John Clements, senior, native of Yarmouth, but resident (jf P>arton subseiiueiitlv , Parnanl, married Hrstlv, Eli/a Lent; secondlv, Elizabeth, (.iaugliLer of William K. Dot}, lives at Freeport; Reed, married Louisa McDormaud. This family and their descendants are respectable, useful, and influential in religious, political, and 8(jcial spheres. Samlel Goi'i.DSBLUY lived awhile at Wrentham, County of Noif(jlk, Massachusetts. He was pro.scribed by the General Court or Provincial Parliament, of that Country in 1778. His daughter Sarah, married Stephen Joacs, E^*[. or THE roixTV OF i»n.i;v :14.'. ■ ' 'fi.* Rt '• ,1 'i . ■' I, I III. liKi iiKN IIaskinson, S»'iiinr, \\.i.«* inktu |.ri>..nci' liy tli'- Wlii','"* lit SfiiN'ii IhIiiiuI. iiitw Cuiinty of Kitliiiii'n!. Nfw Vnik in 1T7T, iiii'l 'i.'iit t" Trt'iitoii, ^rercijr Counts. N'fw .1 r^. \ IIk' i;i.i.M' Wii.i.i.vM «,'i.ai;I\ lH;lunM».(l u. I •tMiii;ini. Ata'tMi-hn-cti •.. \lv WHS an K|tis(:ii|ialmn ( liTgynmn, was in l)i-l»y ITTHund 177'.'. retuniHul to New Knglaml ami (MM at <^>n!ncy, .Miissaclms»'tt«» in TSl:{ .[.\MKs r.riti), a jtinMiini'nt Kiiyalisi was nlmt (l»Mtl wliiN; staiuling in his uwti arty of Wliij; |.^M<-iiII.is, familiarly rallnl "Cow Btjvs." His son Klish.i, afterwanU a T.iiMitananl in Prikvincial Vohinlt'i-rs for British Service, «ifttlt'een lli^di Sheriff uf MitUUesex County. New .Jersey, ti) 177il. Mr I'xmtiell was arrestt'd in T77i> hy order of General Washington and ordered Ity the I'rovineial Congres- t'» remain at Trenton, N'ew Jersey, nu [tanile. hut was after\v;iri<'l)v. Hi-! only «'n William FraidNlin Honn.-ll. K-i^.. was as^o.-inted vjtli hi.> father, Kli^ha Piidd. and < apl. Adam \\'.dk"r. ;i> junior paitii' i' in firm of l»onne!l. l>udd vV < o., merohants in Pi^Miv. Thrir emporium was on east side Water Street, near its juncuutj with Birch Street, where now stands the new store of (I. F. Stone, and the law olHce oceniiied by Frank Jones, opposite the new drui,' store, kept by F. S. Kinsman, M. I). A large and splendid mon- ument ill Triidtv (.'emeterv, I)ij:jbv, contains the following,' facts ; — "SACFtKD" To the memory of Klisha Biidd, Esciuire, who was born at White Plains, New York, he served a.s an en.>ign in the King's American Kegt., and emigrated to this Pi'ovince with the Loyalists in 1783 He died at Liverpool, England, on the llHh August, LSI:'-, aged 51 years. y^'Hf;' ■ ' '.^m 340 OEIXIRAPHV AND HISTMUV • ALSO To Mary Ann, w Id.iw of Klisha BiidJ, wliu whm a natiw of the City of IVrth Aiiihoy, New Jur-ey. She dti.arte, aged 19 years 6 months — having served as Mid- shipman in the Royal Navy 5 years and tl months. His other sons were James and Churle.s. The laitter a iierchant, representative of Digby in Parliament, Gustos, and Kegistrar of Probate for the County many years. William Birx.s. who settled at Mint or Mink Cove, Digby Neck, was Forage Master in Royal Army durin*; Re\(.lutionarv War. He died at his a«lopted home in 1797. His daughteV Phebe, married Gon. K.lmond Fanning, E.sr| . Oovprnor of Prinze Edward Island, 1780. kH'HAEL BuKX.s, a founder ol' Waterford, Di OF THE COUNTY OF DKiHV. 347 ami other severest cruelties, he rescued hiniself eacli time by herculean .stnit from the fancied s»'curitv in which he ums placed by the eneiuy. Hf captured Cross Creek now b'ayetteville, County of Cun\berlaiid, and imprisoned a party of Whii; militia. After the peace of 178.S, he settled at Long Keach, King s County, New Brunswick ; but removed in 1790 to the farm at Bay View, Dijjby County, Nova Scotia, now owr»d by his descendant, Charles K. Turnbull, where he died in 182.> as stated in the abstract of deaths. JoXATHAX Fowler, one of Digby's earliest tnerchants, was a native of VV^estcliester County, New York. He was seized during tlie Revolution by a rebel detachment and carried to New Raven, •Connecticut. Charles Coulhoirn', a native of Norfolk, Virginia; was a ship master in Digby. He niarried the widow of James Budd, -senior. James Leonard was " Chief Head of the Church and Govern- or of Brindlev Town." John Epison wa;; descended from a respectable Hollandic family who lived in Province of New Jersey ; and at close of Revolution emigrated with his family to Digby, Nova Scotia. These contprised Samuel, married Nancy Simpson, Adonijah married Nancv Williams : Thomas, Margaret married William Sa.xton ; Catherine married Peter W ;dver, and Mary married Dennis Dowling. They all removed from Digby in l.Sll co Township of Bayham, District of London now in Elgin County, •Ontario. Samuel died at Vienna, in October, 18t).>, aged 103 years. His son Samuel born in Digby, August 6th, 1803, after- wards located at Milan, County of Erie, Ohio, where the celebrateil electrician, Thomas Alva Edison, his son bv first nmiriage, was burn February 4, 1847. Matthew, Bartholomew and Alexander Haines, brothers were sons of Matthew Huines born about 1700, jumped overbt)ard from an English man-of-war off Long Island, and swam ashore. He was a rope maker in N^'W York. Alexander born about 1733 settlen at Weymouth Point, Digby Coutny, Nova Scotia. He married Clurino Purdy. Caleb Haines was their son. Bartholo- mew a son of Bartholemew brother t<» Aiexandfiv b<->rn in Kve, Westchester County, New Y^^rk, September IGth, IToO, married "Oloranah Kniff.n often called " Sniffin," emigrated to Freeport, Nova Scotia, and left a numerous posterity in I'igby County. Caleb removed to Tpper Canada in 1828. 348 GEnrjRAPHV AND HISTOUY Er.KAN'AH MoillON' was pri)l»alt!y tlw first iiial>,' clilM born it: township of Cornw-vIIis, Nnvn Scotia Tiiis ovnit ">ccur*'i| in 17t)l. Hi;* frttlit'T Kikaiiiih Morton, a New Kn '!an riifht le|4- in 177b, from the acciilentai •lischai-;^!' <>f a holster pistol in the humls of Lieutenant (lovt>rnor Mariot Arbiitlmot, at a Militia Review in Corriwallis. He subst:<|Uetitly removeil tu New Brunswick, an.siuned a Justice of the Peace for Cuiinty of Iviii»^'s, wherein he resi led. At ur^ient solicitation of GoveriK^r Weiitwortii he removed in 1802 to Digby, Nova Seotii, being at once appointed a Justice uf the Peace : and afterwards De|)uty Registrar of Dt;eds, Deputy Collector of Impost and Excise ; also Prev«.'ntive ()tfict;r for th.' Port without salary ; ami Deputy Collector of Customs. Later, the positions of Justice i>r Inferior Ct)urt of Common Plea>, Jutyled them ' arduous, e\[)ensivi.' and perilous." Mr. ^L)rton was twice married; but we have no. learned the name of either. Rev. Ro'^cr Viets, -.etiiiT, wiot. theSecretaiy of SDciety \\>v Pro{»M(,(atietition the' Veiieralde Society for snme >mall a>>istance, ill ca.se it is usual with the Soeietv to make anv provisioii for the widows and orphans of their schoolmasters." In March, 1803, Rev. Mr. Viets tendered thanks uf widow Fore'nun and daughter fur the gratuity of fifteen poumU prtMiii-,ed riem by the Society and sent a draft on the Trea>iir*;r, Mr. Clapiiam, for that amount payable to John Warwick, E^<^., of Digby, or order. In the letter announcing death of Foreman, .Mr. Viets noted that Elkanah Morton ha'l taken chjirge' of Foremans schi.ol after his demise. The Rect. a wrote that Morton !ia in tlu- Cliri-^tian Rflifj^ion |-' ICn;^'!iin(l,.i stci'ly Httfii'lant im Clnifcli, Itotli liiins'jif uu'l {>.u'tni'f lititiL; eotn!nuiiie.uit>. wt'll skilleil ill Ps;iIiiioroad assert that he emigrated in or about 1782, v»ith his wife and children to St. Marv's Bav, and died during following" vear. It is certain the family came to Weymouth ; and the son John was apprenticed to Dea. David Shook, black- smith, son of Martin Shook, and a native of Pennsylvania, while the widow soon married the latter. Mr. Shook einigi-ated to Upper Canada, and died November 1, 1834. soon after landing. She died in 18.38. asid('i<*|il Comeau : godmother, Marie S;iulni(3i-." " Yves, lx)rn the lOtli January, ag«* of nine years, born ii\ Boston,— "(1761)"— Child of Yves Tliibault amTof Francoi<.' Melancon. Godfather, Rene (iauMt RobicheaiM imd of Cet.ile Dug is. Godfather, Yves Thib>> t; godmother, Anne Melancon." "Armand, A^^V! .. ve years, born the 16tli of .March, — "(1764)"— at Port l\u. I, child of Pru.lent Robieh-aud and ..f Cecile Duijas. (Jodfather, Piei're Melancon ; L-odmother, Frnneoiv.. Aucoin." The Hrst on for.t^^iinjj; li>' \; i ; u.i r At.i i' — ' ' ''"' His father Joseph Dugas, senior, born in 1737, w as e.xpelled in 175o, when eighteen years old, but returned in 176\' Ids lit'-- ![-■ wa*. coiiiiin^sionrd ,x .Iw^ua- of tli- Peace in 1S.">7 First Clerk of tin- Peaei." tor Distriet wf i/Iure in 1JS()2, also C'(,mmissionfi- for tikiiig .\fhdavite to hold to Hail and for Relief of Insolvent Debtors, After an ever laborious care«'r, he died, at age of 02 years. Charles Le Blanc, ofteii called Joppc, loeatid in (Jrosses Coques. ChrIjsTOPHEI! Rori', Senior, emigrated from ( Jermanv t-. Middletown, Monmouth County, New Jersew in America. His first wife died on the passage. After his arrival, he wedded again but her name is not availalde. I'heir children Christopher, junior, ani >!• m th" Hnt' h .Army. Hi^ rbiiflrf^' by lifst oiai'j-iiiM-. weie M c*' l>o>T> ; •••v'.ns *o Mm'- 2*>. 17s4, tiieti unmarried, Margarwt mat ried Isaac Uoup, junior; Susanna married Marcellus Kdison : James F. marrief .'iM'.ies Rnbiii-.on :in ' 352 OEOORAPHY AND UISTUllY iirand «ljiujjhtur of Robert Mcl)oriiianriseil Mariu, married Edward Covert of Grunville ; Willituii : John ; Isaac junior; ami Jacob, Hrst High Sheriff of Di«;by County. Dea. John Roup married Margaret Myers ; Issue : — John : Margaret, niarrie«l Josopii Henderson ; Mary, married Jtihn VVarwick, Ksq., M. P. P. ; Susanna, married Joseph V^anBuren : Joseph married Maria, daughter of Richard Bragg: James Myers, married Elizabeth Warne ; Isaac, married Margaret, daughter of Isaac Roup, senior ; Elepha, married Thomas Harris, a son of Benjamin, brother of Samuel 3rd. The name is now generally spelled " Roop," by a few " Roope." Samuel VVarxe, Senior, emigrated from New Jersey, but was primarily of English origin. He married Sarah, daughter of Eleazar B^airchild, native of New Milford, County of Litchfield. Connecticut Warne owned owned town L<»t on south-east corner of Water and Church Streets, Digby, but settled on Shelburne Road, and removed subsequently to Digby Ridge. Their .son Stephen marrieraham married Maria, daughter of Artemus Odell, son of Daniel ; Catherine married James, .son of William Aldeu Farnhauj, Digby ; James Kempt Warne inarriefl a Miss Heterick. of Clements. Saumel Warne, Junior, son of Thomas, wedded Elizabeth Ray ; Jesse Keen Warne married Sarah Ann Balcom ; Elizabeth was cc^n.sort of James !Myers Roop, senior, son of Deacon John who married Margaret Mvers : Catherine married Jacc^b Potter, sixth son of Rev. Israel Potter, senior, and lived in Yarmouth' Wilson, Wilh.son, anh Willson, — No distinct communitv of iujmigrants except possibly those bearing the appellation '* Smitji," were e(|ua'ly complicated and uncertain in local records. We have seen that Capt. John Wilson, Robert Wilson, and Abraham Willson, junior, were enrolleii as Loyalists in Digby ; while William Wilson also of same description, settled north of Sissiboo River and east of Weymouth Bridge. The latest date on which Capt. John Wilstiu lived in Digby w>u» during year OF THE COUNTY OV UUiWY. n:)3 M' i 1787. RobtTt^ iiiimu tlid ut appear after census of May 29tli, 1784. Perlmps tliey remove ! to St. Jolm, New Brunswick, with Samuel Street, Benjamin Lawrence, antl others. Williai'i Wilson came from Enjjhmd to New York, thence to Wevnioiith : niarrieil Elizabeth (laughter of Patrick Licet who ren^ovt'd troni Granville, Nova Scotia, to Plynipton, Dijjfhy County, by whom he raised five sons, John Charle x, Samuel, Elishama, Ehlridge, and George ; also five daughters.one of whom Susan Jane was married to Sanmel Benjamin Wagotier, pioneer of Wagoner Settlement west of North Range, by Rev. Daniel McGregor, October 8th, 1829. She a.s.serted her father said his correct name was ' Willison," though spelled " Wilson " in copies of his Laml Conveyances found in County Registrar's oflfice. Descendants of William Wilson or Willison now reside in town of Digby, also at Weyuiouth Bridge, in Wiigoner Settlement and elsewhere. Abraham Willson, junior, wa.s probably descended froui ditferent ancestors (juite independent of all the foregoing, as his surname w.is usually spelled by chron- iclers of that period as here rendered. According to Muster Roll of May ??'oh, 1784, he was then marrietl ; his family comprised himself, partner, and one child. Their daughter Elizabeth Ann, Wfvs christened in Digby, September 17th, 1786, b}' Rev. Roger Viets, Rector. The fatlu r was abseiit from Trinity Parish on 29th of September, 17>'^9, and did not afterwards reside in its limits, though retaininu his Grant of two hundred acres, beintr Lot 27, Block O, until escheated by Provincial authorities in 1799, on recommendation of Commissiotiers for settling " Lands (Question." S<:mo allege his daughter married William Mooie in Maishalltown, but this seems doubtful. Amidst the fretiucnt changes of residence between inhabitants of present Counties of Annapolis and Digby, membei's of two families called Wilson located in Hillsburgh and Digby Townships. A sketch of these is appended to this statement, — Christopheh Wilson, who with Mary Wilson and Alexander McKenzie, drew a Grant of Hve hundred acres in Granville now the Rurtee farm, November 10th, 1784, was son of Robert and Mary (Williamson) Wilson of Grinwick, Island and Province of New York. Rol)ert's will was executed there, March 20th, 1778, appointing his son Christopher then of (^iran\ ille, Nova Scotia, Executor — and was proved in former Province during following year, (iavinia a daufjhter oi" rl<^l)tjrt, m irrii.'d Gideon Margesort. The cotHorf of Cliristopl'.er was Rach>>| (.'lark. Tho\- were married in ( Irnnville, N. S., March 12th, 1784 Issue -Ann bafft July lOth, 17H5. wedded John Katherns, April 2nd, 1804: .fendmlt, born March 20Mi, 1789, married John Saunders of k^i-t l>:»Ui itsie ; .(ohn, borh Septendiei 14th, 1790, married fillizixbetli llfth t 354 OEOORAPHV AND HISTDIIY dau{;;hter of Abner Morse who caiiu; to AniuipoHs in- the Charming Molly, June 25, 1760, — secornlly, B<.>tiiiah eldest child of Dea. Zachuriah Chipinan of Yarmouth, N. S., and lived iu' . Hessian Line, Annapolis County ; Alexander, horn May 28th, 1792, married Elizabeth Saunders, and resitlrd in liower Aylesford, Kinj?*s County ; Peter, born July 27th, 1704, man led Klizabeth Wambolt Hred in Upper Aylesford; Edward, burn August 18th, 1796, married Maria daughter of Daniel Odell. loyalist, of Smith's Cove, where he resided some years : Robert, horn May 2oth, 1798, married Amoret Saundei-s, and livetl in East Dalhousie, King s Countv ; Jaue, born December 19th, 1800, married John Graves of Port Lorm . Walter, born August 7th, 1805, marrie*! Sarah Ann Starratt, lived souu' time on oM Tucker farm many years the pmperty of late Henry Oakes, Ks(|., south -.ide of Grand Joggin, Dij^by Count}', but afterwards removed to Town- ship of Walton, Hants County ; Joseph, born July 17th, 1807, married Mary Ijanglev, lived tir-tly at Lawrenootown. but spent his latter years in Upper Clarence, and die. The 'lescendants art- vt-ry numerous, bting fomul in Counties of Annapolis, Digby, Hants ami King's. LlONAKD WiiXsoN, Senior, was a native of Yorkshire, England* His partner was Elizabeth, daughter of Jauh's Mackenzie, a brave Sfi trh warrior* They mere married .January 1, 1770. Annatheii . Idest child, was born January 29, 1771 When in 1774' she WHS three years old, the parents and otfspiing emigratt'd to Annapolis, Nova Scotia, and located in T*■ > ■ i Ij 1 r. . iiiii OV THE COUNTY OV DKIBY. 3oS Samuel Parker of (irKiivilKj ; Jane Elizabeth, lx)rn Octobrr 13, 1807, died unnmnicil wiun twenty-one years of age ; Micliael, born Septoiuber H, IsOS, uiarried tirstly, Phebe Ann Hines, secondly, Eli/a Onur Puyzant, settle^dit. r of Albert Zeiglor and grand-daughter of John C. Zeiglor tbf M«--«iiiyj soldier, no children : James Wilson married Sarah, danglittr of Samuel Edison, son of John the loyalist, and sister to Samuel Edison, junior, father of the cel- ebrated electrician : Issue : — John, David, James and Sarnb ; William Wilson nianie.l Anne, (daughter of Jeremiah Moore the loyalist,) christrn< •! in Digby, September 28, l7N(i ; Issue : — Fanny and Sophia, (twins), christened January 5, 1807 ; also James, and Sarali Ann who marrieH;HV. 357 If ( I :i:|j m reniovi\i it now occiipiffl hy Mr ( "iDncln'r. The wi-Iow tif Lcnnunl Willsi.ii, senior, iiDirrit'il Junf l.S. 1807, Ditinars ScluuHV-r. ItiyaliNt, of Clements, Itut tlier\ nsjilinj^- on f^ut one. SepHrate (iriints, Slielbiirne RojkI, hs his secon western half of Lot 23, whicli he purclinsed Jnne o, ISIl, of his brother James ; but bonght that pa» t of Lot 3, Separate (Jrant^, lying west of Craiges Mill Brook, from Cereno L^ Jorums and Margaret his wife, daHighter and heir-at-law of Benjamin Sterns the original Grantee, for £120, March 1, 1814, built a house thereon about a rod southeast of present Highwry through Hiil Grove ,ind about nine rods northeastwardly from Line now dividinif farms of Charles Marshall and Oeor'^t; VV. Wriy;ht. beinv" on latter portion of the Wilson Homestead. He afterwards erected a verv coniti\odious residence on site of dwelling- now occupied by said Charles Marshall. Mr. Wilson amassed a large real and personal property, ncjtwithstamliiig sevei-t' physieal iufirmities, which he apportionetl Cijually among his cliildriMi, besides providing liberally for the widow He departe.l this life September 15, 1850, ageA li 2.5 2.2 us Hi US. 12.0 *«w MIWU i il iiy& 1^ i^ 1^ Hiotographic Sdaices Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STRUT WEBSTER, N.Y. MStO (716) •73-4503 1 wr \ ■j . 1 : J. it' , r 'r I r Nancy Van Velser of Sandy Cove. 17. 1790, Chai'les Richards to Mary McDonnaiul, duughtcr William. ' Stephen Osgood to Ruth Porter, both of New Edinburgh. ' George Heydecker to Elizabeth Thorp, both of^ New^ Edinburgh. " Timothy Crowley to Eleanor Cane. • John Soulis, .senior, to Abigail Smith both of Smith's Cove. " Isi .ic Hollingsheatl to Mary Hill, daughter Zach- ariah. " Thomas McDormand to Louisa Webber, dausrhter Joseph, Senior, " John R. Nicholls to Catherine Werner, both of New Edinbur<;h. 20, 1791, John Morford to Margaret Dixon. " George Saxton to Rachel Mullen, daughter Peter, senior. 2, 1792, Abraham Brooks to Susanna Sabin, daughter Jeremiah, both of Sissiboo. • ;i .'i ■' ! , i I '■i' .. .mi 7* '.I ,r ■» !| - a t 360 OEOfiRAPHV AND HI.STOKV. All or. Sept. Nov. Feb. Mar. II July April .^ Sept. 26, Nov. 5, (I « Dec. Feb. May Jan. K March April May 6. 25. Jnly Aug. Oct. Mar. April _ Ja„,..s. h„tl, ,;f Si,sib„„ '^■>'-''""'l«ugl.te,- 2.. " Cereno U Jwes ,f S?- "'"'!,■;»' «''•"'>• Cove. Sfp" 26,' "'*■ ^„'1'T «'i""S-'-u. to /„„„ Hill. Y I'l- Jonn Holil.swdit 1 to .Mehifuhh. p ■Jaughter Le„,u,.|, b<,M, of Di.-hv ' ""■""• t^ Conley. to Anna v£t;,\|,.u.,hte,. Rev. Andrew .Snorlgrass of DiVl.v t„ f • t r*" 364 OEOORAPHY AND HISTORT thereafter. The " Rutherford " Cemetery south side Warwick Street between Montague and Queen, also became the resting. place of some Loyahsts. Many were lai.i in private ffravevard" on farms in the different settlements. Each religious sect of oonsiderable numbers provided a restincr place for its .lead. The Forast Hill Cemetery in Digby, was detached for that purpose ftrom GleDe of "Trinity ;' the Baptist Cemetery immediately west was presented by Act of Provincial Legislature. Mav 7th. 1872 through efforts of Hon. E R. Oakes. if originally foV.ned a part of the Digby Common. Most of the Cemeteries contain i\ne slabs and monuments. The reader will remember that the BURIAL REGISTER, denotes date of funeral rather than decease. Jaly 17. 1786, Capt John Miller died from mortification induced by strain in lifting a lo j 7. 1789. William L. Huggeford, St. Mary's Bay, of Con sumption. Mrs. John Cunningham, Diaby of 'nief William Oakes, Little Kive7, bv falT of a tree Mrs. Thomas Blanch, Digby, of Dropsy. Mrs. James Smith. Grand Joggin. of Dropsy Hope Mills. Digby. of Fistula. Mrs. Anthony Clavvson, Digly. Oct. June Oct. Dec. Aug. Jan. Feb. Mar. (; April (( May 3. 4, 13, 15. 29. 9, April 27, 1790. Benjamin Stearns. Digby. of Pleurisy Alexander MoElhinney, ] May Bee. Jan. June 16. 1. James Mclntyre, Alexander Monroe. Thomas Tidd, Dorothy Allbiinrhf An Infnnt. Griffith Jenkins. Si.ssiboo, of'Consumpti.^n Drowned together in the Bay of ru.,.lv 15. 1791. Mrs. Dennis Dnscoll, Digb\-, of Pleuri-^v June 18. " f.omu. I Br>v'lcs,Xew Elinor, ' ..,,,. July 16. " Mrs. F.hvaiJ Cox. New Edinburcrh ot C ■s aiK.'. 1 ■ •t r . I A ■ If ' ^ '1 w I:. .H or THE COUNTY OF DIOBV. 365 Ang. 23. 1791, fi 25. < 26. II April 6. 1792, May 26. II Jane 22, II Aug. 2. II i!(o . o\<\ age. Widow .\i'N K' !•<- . "■ tl ' }'['>-. Douwe Ditmars, CiLUionts, of Nasal Palsy. Capt. Joseph Webber, Digbv, of old age. Mr< Vuv Hill.l»".' r M ag.- Daiiir' L- ;niird 1)1 'I.N of (' : -s'l ■ ' ■,, 866 Aug, Oct Nov. Jan. June « July Sept. Nov. Mar. Feb. April Bfay Jane M €« July Sept. k ,11 lu- " I t,^*^' ' onsumption. jj IS Isaac AI. ,hall. Murshalltown. Michael Weaver, New Edinburgh, old aee John Moore, Senior, Sissiboo, of Fever lores ASndt'sf "• ^--V'^^"'"' Consumption, ^nfo? Q-^' "P"''"' ^•"^>'' "^' Mortification SirorhiS"^'- '"'' ^^-^-'^ ^-^-' I^i^by, Thomas Hold.sworth. Digby. died at sea. ^Iisha Jones. Digby, of Yellow Fever Rachel Panton New E.Iinburgh. Con.sunmtion Jame.s D.xon, Digby. Mortification. ^ " Mrs Jatthew Stewart. Sandy Cove. Consump, Alexander Russ. of Mortification. Mrs^Marcus Brundage, Sn.ith's Cove. Consump- Benjamin Simpson. Digby. Cholera Mrs. Isaac Roop, of Di^^by ^^ vea^'^?' "^'t' ^'^^y' ^"'•tification. aged 47 years, 3 months ana 5 /lays k^ • •»* Mr. Richard Hill. Consumption. Her tomb stone relates that she was' '« descended fn.m the Royal fauHl.es of Stuart and Bruce " Maurice Welsh, Grand Joggin, of Pleuri,';; a.ed 60, native of Kilworth. Co. of Cork Ireland Mrs. Joseph Smith. .<^o,ith-s Cove. Cons.imp^iun Christian Tobias. M. D.. Digby. in a Fit^ W,I,,am Burns. Mint Covo.!vf;vous Fotor death ""' ^'""'^^' ^"^"' ^'--' t. I f, OF THE COUNTY OF DIOHV. 367 > • >c I . .>n Jan. Feb. Marc^ II April Mav 19, 1801 23, • J 21. •• 22. " 17. " 20, " Dec. II Jan. Feb. 7. " 14. " 13. 1802, 19, " March 11. " litiy 16. " June 27, " July 17, " Oct 7, •• Jao. 20, 1803, 27, " Feb. April 14, " 14, 1802, June M 5. " 7, 1803, Oct « Jan. 24, •• 30, " 20, 1804, Oct 31, " Nov. 1. " Dec. 14, 1804 ,fV-, Ti May June July Jane July 14, 1805, 3. " 3. " 6. " l;f ' . Siunuc'l WjiriK', Senior, r>ii;l)y Ritliije, of Oriof Jereiniuh M'»oio, of Dropsy. Thomiis (jlorvin, of Consumption. Patrick Licet, St. Mary's Bay. of Qninsy. Thomas Watt, Smith'.s Cove, by tlie full of a tree. Capt, William Thomas, Di^jby Neck, of Morti- fication, aged 105 years. Willian\ Fitz'' "^ Consumption 0; ''^ ?^;:;^^cl^";^T,^¥^y.of Mol;i«eation. 30. 30. 30, 30, 14. >; »-^.-Mi-,nn, ui^roy of Mort flV MtuTr*^""'?";',' ?.'«''>•■ °f (-^""Bun p on Q ""*^°, C-jrapbell, Oigl.y, of Dropsy |f."i"^l Thompson, Br,„ul Cove, drowned EW,a„.. Eldndge, Sehooln.uster. of Cotun.p- 24, " Mrs. Jannpf. umM,.... -1-41 , „ Alex. J. Ihomp-ion, 2. 14. Mrs. Jannet, widow of Smith's Cove, Palsy. Francis Dominick, Dijrr- , , f r ,.,ip,„t:^„ A;cQr Bctts, M. D. Di.Wn- no ii if. ' 1 1 V 1 '•" ■:;'^ 1 . j^r I *.-:^i- -iiii OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBV. 3Cd Nov. 10, 1809. May 4. 1810. Jan. 2!». 1811, July 2M. Aug. 15. " May 12. 1817, Aug. 7. " ii 31, " Nov. 28. " June 24, 1818. Feb. 25. 1819. Aug. 24, " Oct. 6. " May 6. 1821. Sept. 12, 1822, Nov. 12, " July 22, 1824. Aug. 14, " Sept. 24. 1824, Jan. 27 1S2:), March G. " .' 16, " April 1. " Nov. 16, Dec. Feb. April June Se[)t. Nov. AjiHl A Hi; 27, 182G, 23, 1828, 17. " 27, 1H2S, 10, 1829. 10, ■' 12, 1S30, 8. '. Thomas \V. August 21st, 1856, aged 72 years. Elizabeth Payson, September 7th, 1856, aged 85 years. Jane McKenna, widow of late Capt. James McKenna, J. P., died at Weymouth, in September, 1S56, aged 64 years. James Journeay, November, 1857, ageil 93 years, a native of New York State. John P. Dahlgren, Noveniber, 1868, aged 76 years. Elizabeth Dahlgren, his widow, December, 1858, aged 68 years. Henry J. Sorensen, father of Frederick (Ferdinand) Sorensen, died in December, 1861, aged 74 years. Lvdia Barr, January 31st, 1863, aged 81 years. Sarah Jones, March 8th, 1863, aged 92 years. Barnabas Marshall died at South Range, November 21st, 1863, aged 73 years. Jacob Cornwell, Jr., born in Province of Connecticut, April 25th, 1778, son of Jacob and Hannah (Weld) Cornwell, emigrated to New E«Hnburgh, Nova Scotia, in 1783, with his parents as Loyalists, and from thence to Waterfortl, Digby Neck, in 1789, on farm now occupied by his grandson. Deacon Weld Cornwell, Esq., 0x-Municipal Councillor. The subject of this memoir was united in matrimony by Re/. Enoch Towner, June 14th, 1800, with Sarah, the daughter of Capt. Isaac Titus, Loyalist, who was born at Bedford, Westchester County, Province of New York, April 11th, 1777, came to Digby with her parents in 1784, and with them settled at Trout Cove four yeu.rs subsequently. She became in 1798 the earliest convert to Baptist sentiments on the Northern Peninsula of our County. This transpired under preaching by Rev. Mr. Towner. Ten children were the fruits of their alliance. Mr. Cornwell also espou8e- Ed.ard-vrii Vo" People, ^enry^. Kcvg ; Morier's History of Breta'ne Fra"ce Ltir"Frii:s^"'^:LH^ Normandy ^'^hirley'^ ''GenTZi "S,.Z]iUA\ » J;*" °1 *^^® Exchequer of Norm.indv ' "C^S R "" "'' 7oTio£;^^P . "Textade Neville." 1200-1326- mXp 8'-90/'''-^'''^ ^"^.'^'^ "Landed Gentry." .^.,/e: _ Passing over the embarkation of one "John Daykina" acred 28 years, and h.s wife Alice, at London. EnHand for' S England on the ship Abigail, July 2nd. 1635. who do no appear i Thomas' D^kTh^ '• 'tPJ^}^ ^^""^^ ^-^•-^' we fincK M?5?^ DAKIN, born m 1624. domiciled at Concord. County of Middlesex. Massachusetts, before the year 1650. and died there Ta^Jln^U 'r'^'k primarily. Sarah . who died Tn haf iSJn -1 '''" Stratton. xvidow. who died in 1698. They By first marriage : — — I. Sarah, born August Sth, 1659. By aecovd wife: — * II. John, 6. March 2nd. 1660-61. . III. Simon. 6. in 1663. m, Jlrstly, Elizabeth ■ who ^led; secondly, the widow of Rev. Timothy Worcester; children ' {Raa A^J'^ 2?i^^«^*' ^^' «»'dah Swift, who wis born ?n J5|^' *"d died in 1789; children-a. Sin.on. 6. January 27th 1720, m. Rebecca Punly of Sandwich, and became a BantLt preacher (See ♦« Benedict s History of the Baptists." VoK ? p o46.) He died at town of North-East N. Y in 180^ V Timothy 6, March 29. 1723. m. March 10th. 1744. Lvdia Fish IV. Joseph, 6, in 1669, died in 1744. The foregoing comprises a record of the several seneratinn, antecedmg t'Se period in which was born the Digbl Pbne^^^^^^ Subjoined are the Nova Scotia descendants of Timothy and m S! 1 • i^ I . \, \''i OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 375 Lydia (Fish) Dakiii, who were Quakers, and who reinovef ! !i OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 37'r ..■:,i! V. '* *f »!': nil (Tucker) Small, of Loyalist ancestry, and resides with his family in Page, North Dakota;/, Amoret ; w, Capt. Benjamin Watters, resides in Digby : — He m, secondly, Miss Sarah Austin, no issue. 2. Thomas ; 6, in 180G ; m, Roth Addinjjton, lineal descendant of Wni. Addington, the Little River Loyalist who came thither from North Carolina: — Children : — a, Adelia ; b, Cynthia; c, Wallace ; d, John Wentworth ; e, George Nelson : — 3. George; b, in 1808; m, firstly, Phoebe Ann third child and eldest daughter of John and Mary Ann (Bailey) Young, secondly a Miss Morehouse : — Children : — a, Sarah Amelia ; b, Frederick ; c, Henry ; d, a daugh- ter, name not furnished: — 4. Robert; b, in 1810; m, Miss Weisser: — Children: — a, Sarah Ann ; 6, Hooort A.: — 6. Sophia; 6, in 1812; m, Alexander Bourne, nettled in State of Michigan : — Children : — a, Mary Ella; b, Nora Sophia: — 6. Lydia; 6, in 1814; m, Edward Young, a ship carpenter, who resided many years in Marshall town, and afterwards at Bay View, northern suburb of Digby : — Children : — a., Alexander ; m, Alice Turnbull of Bay View ; 6, David F., a carpenter, residing at Bay View ; c, Surah S. ; m, Augustus Turn- bull, also of Bay View : 7. Charles H. ; m. Mary Ann, daughter of Edward J. Budd, Esq., merchant and ship- builder, of Digby : — Chihiren : — a, Budd ; 6, Kate ; c, Mary ; d, Lizzie : — 8. Daniel J. ; b, in 1819 ; m, Sarah Ann, a daughter of Capt. Thomas and Sarah (Leonard) Smalle: — Children: — a, Oscar; 6»0utram; c, Gertrude; d, Ada ; e, Ossian : — 9. Capt. Edward ; 6, in 1821 ; m, Jane H., a dau. of Wm. L. Bent, M.D : — Children : — a, Edward Arthur; b, Mary; c, Eugenia; d, Archibald, a druggist, residing in Brockton, Massachussetts : — 10. William H. ; 6, in 1824 ; m, Susan, a daughter of Henry Stewart, Esq., Prothonotary, etc., of Digby County from 1837 to his death, July 2nd, 1867, thirty years : — Children: — a, Grace ; b, J. Leslie ; c, Minnie ; d, Maggie and a daughter, died young. Rebecca; m, Edward Moore, of Wilmot, Annapolis County, Nova Scotia : — Children : — 1. Deborah ; m, Jacob Morton, reside in New Germany, Nova Scotia : — 2. Rebecca; m. Patten Rockwell, lived in New Germany, Nova Scotia : — 3. Abraham ; m, and settled in Liver- pool, Nova Scotia : — 4. Daniel ; m, and domiciled also in Liverpool, Nova Scotia : — 5. William ; m, Ann Eliza Brooks, settled in Weymouth, Nova Scotia : — 6 378 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY John ; m, firstly, a Mis-s Ryerson of Hillsbur*^!,, Nova Scotia; secondly, Jane Specht. Barton, Nova Scotia — 7. Sarah ; m, a Mrs. Rockwell. ▼I Abram; m, Aikin— had one daughter— name not given. . vii. Isaac ; m firstly, Abigail, youngest daughter of William and Rebecca (White) Marshall, of Marshalltown, Nova Scotia :—Chddren :— a. Rebecca ; 6. Abraham ; c. Ed- ward, hy second wife, Dorcas Nickerson ; d, Sarah Ann; m. Capt. Elisha Payson, Jr., merchant, Dicrby— no issue-, j^ Joseph William; m. Elizabeth, daughter of Ihomas Haycock, lived on Brier Island. Nova Scotia one daughter, Charlotte, wedded Rev. J A. Durkee' . B'^Ptwfc minister; / Charles; m, Clara H. a daughter of John H. Barnaby. Sr., hotel-keeper. Digby, but then the widow of Edwin Bent, Esq., merchant and Post- master, a son of Wm. L Bent, M. D. ; g, Mary Elizabeth ; m, Joseph Sumner ; h, Frances ; m. Rev. John C Morse . X). p.. Baptist, Sandy Cove. Digby ; i. John St. Clair, died single . viii. Jacob; m, Mary, a daughter of Rev. Roger Viets Sr — Children :-l Viets ; m. Miss Valpy. Yarmouth, and wa.s father of Mrs. Hamilton, distinguished authoress and artLst ; 2. El.za ; m, Alfred Ray ; 3. Jane Ann ; m, Wmckworth Quigley ; 4. Maria; m. 1st William A Sothern, 2nd Joseph W, Chute; 5. Botsford ; m. and hves near Digby ; 6. Emily ; m. a Mr. Gibson. Annapolis County: 7. Gilbert W. ; m. and lived at Dartmouth now in Massachusetts, was School Teacher and Editor- ^x7 i ^' u"^^^}"" ^°'*^*'' (^*^ °"^ daughter Gussie.' m. Wilford Hall, of an Annapolis family, at Cambridge Mass.); 9. R.^ert A., Phys=cian and Surgeon, resides at Pugwash,N.S.; 10. Margaret C. ix. William; m, Mary Denton, a direct descendant of Joseph, the Little River Loyalist : — Children — 1 Abram J; 2. Alpheus; 3. Julia A; 4. Daniel ; 5." Thomas J. ; 6. Stephen ; 7. Harriet. X. Thoma.s ; m, Eliza, second child and daughter of Solomon and Mary (Roberts) Morton, a pre-Loyalist family of Annapolis County, Nova Scotia, who emigrated thither from Massachusetts in 1760. Children : 1 Lucy U • V ^%?- ^iiT' o*- ^*'''^"' ^- ^^°°^''^^ ; 6. Solomon M.; 7. Edward; 8. Eliza. il ' ^' bi r^ is I M' lS'>:* ■ OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 879 ni. Preserved; 6, March 12th, 1749. IV. Worster; 5, August 17th, 1751. V. Mersey; 6, July 28th, 1753. VL Phoebe ; b, April 28, 1756. VII. Paul. VIII. Timothy. IX. Zebulon, born in 1771. The author much regrets that he was unable to obtain the necessary data for completing foregoing interesting and valuable history of a very numerous and influential people, who have ever been active, progressive, and useful citizens in the land of their adoption. Further data concerning this widely extended family may be found in " William Paver's consolidated visitation of Yorkshire," England, in years 1584, 1612, and 1665, A. D. ; the " English Surnames," Lower ; " New England Historic — Genea- logical Record," Vol. II., List of Pedigrees ; " " History of the Coijinty Dutchess, New York." '*...i? 1 880 OEOQRAPHT AND HISTORY CHAPTER XXV. Miscellaneous Notes—Our Future — How to Make it Prosperous— Results of such Efforts — Conclusion. Long and Brier Islands were early considered valuable fishing stations. The former was granted to Neil McNeill, Esq., and the Company of fourteen Loyalists, of which he was Lieutenant- Colonel Commandant. The latter soon became centre of public business, though Long Island always maintained a rival position in trade and wealth. Some as.sert that John Hodges early commissioned a Justice of the Peice for Annapolis County was really first merchant on Brier Island, and as old settlers usually called him " Hodge" by way of abbreviation, ha was so known, instead of the correct name, Hodges. This is, however, somewhat questionable. A Grant of Brier Island, dated November 10th, 1784, and registered in Grant Book No. XIII, Crown Land Office, Halifax, Nova Scotia, on sixteenth of same month in that year, on page 103, was issued to Major "Thomas Hu<»geford, Captain Roger Pye, William Mnssells, Jonatha.i Crabbe, John Ross, William Louttit, Jonus Aikins, William Grant, Michael Lincoln, Jonathan Bishop, and Joshua Huntley in severally and in severalty, unto their and every of their respective Heirs and Assigns, a certain Island or Tract of Land containing two thousand acres, in the County of Annapolis in our Province of Nova Scotia, situate, Iving and being as follows : to wit, — being an Island bounded on the north west and south west by the Bay of Fundy, and south east by St. Mary'j Bay, and north east by the Grand Passage which divides the above Island from Long Island, containinor two thousand acres, more or less, — and hath such shape, form and marks as appears by a Plan thereof, hereto annexed, — together with all woods, underwoods, timber and timber-trees, lakes, ponds, fishings, waters, water-courses, profits, commodities, appur- tenances ; hereditaments, whatever thereunto belonging or in any wise appertaining." Saving and reserving all minerals of gold, silver, copper, lead and coals. The apportionment among Grantees as shown on the Plan, gave Thomas Huggeford, 400 acres; Roger Pye and William Ml I 'II l« *• ••■: f' '.. ii!!i OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBT. 381 Mussells, 20 Acre.s each ; Jonathan Crabbe ami John Ross, 180 acres each; William Louttit, Jonas Aikins, et al, the remainder. No record of the Township of Westport being legally estab- lished was found. The Court of General Sessions appointed oflScers for 'Settlements of Long and Brier Islands " till 1839. The earliest mention of '* Township of Westport " in County Archives, appeared in Apportionment of County Tax of £260 Os. 6d. by the Grand Jury at General Sessions in December, 1839. At that time the appointment of Township officers for Westport commenced, and continued to the present. Hence, the Township was .practically founded in December, 1839. The town of Digby underwent many changes in recent years. Shipbuilding was rendered unprofitable and even hazardous throughout Nova Scocia and elsewhere, by the rapid transit powers of steamers, which were constructed in St. John, N. B., and other principal marts. This County shared the disappoint- ment and heavy loss experienced by every section. Digby almost overwhelmingly afflicted, soon found relief through greater attention to the deep sea Fisheries; and this very profitable industry developed rapidly, being still in the ascendant. The firms of Syda & Cousins, D. &> O. Sproul, John W. Snow, with smaller concerns, netted immense profits, and became c\u\te independent -About 1870, many considered the school-lots could be advan- tageously sold, and the proceeds appropriated for educational purposes. An Act authorizing their sale was obtained from the Legislature; and the Commissioners, Hon. Edwin B Oakes, Charles Budd and James H. Jones, Esquires, complied as far as possible. They are now owned by various persons, and tiirgely improved. As old " Trinity " had become far too small, the parishioners built present fine edifice bearing similar designation, which was opened in 1882. It stands over site of former building. The new Wesleyan Chapel and Vestry on southern side of Prince William Street between Queen Street and Birch Place, are also handsome commodious s^;ructure8. In 1876, through praiseworthy efforts of many enterprising ladiei}, .several fine street lamps v/ere placed at different central points in the town. His Excellency the Marquis of Lome, Governor-General of the 382 OEOORAPHY AND HISTORY Dominion of Canada, whose companion wa-s the Princess Louise Caroline Alberta, sixth child of Queen Victoria, accompanied by Captain V. Chater, Aide-de-Camp, and two servants, visited Digby on 13th and 14th of August, 1880, — when the usual dis- plays of unexceptional loyalty and devotion to the Parent Empire, prevailea. February 24th, 1890, in accordance with a strong public sentiment, tlie Town of Digby decided on a vole of 77 for to 46 against, to become incorporated, and the first election for Mayor and Councillors was held soon after. The town was lighted by electricity, December 10th, 1891. Extensive waterworks are also being constructed. Bear River received the Telephone and Electric Improvements somewhat later. And still the County is advancing. And what of the future ? Compared in every respect with other sections of the Province, and viewed in connexion even vith distant lands, the important and varied resources of Digby County occupy very favorable positions. Consequently, a promis- ing Future awaits her. Adorned for the bridal with essentials of a high order, coming generations will witness consummation of noble etTorts in proportion to the degree of advancement aimed by present and prosp^ctiva citizens. Let each inhabitant, realizing these inspiring possibilities, ever strive to develope every latent impn)vement, both by remaining in its precincts, and upholding at all times her state and dignity, while advancing our best interests with abiding constancy and dexterous zeal. As other localities often evoking our fond admiration invar- iably reach their attractive and proud attainments by persistently adhering to those unmistakeable keys to success and victory, so can we with utmost safety follow their happy example. In ample recompense for such easily performed acts, peace and plenty shall flow over our fair domain like milk and honey. Then will wealth and happiness abound, and all " go merry as a marriage bell." Finally, let each always remember, that our neighbor's good is the public happiness ! ITT^ OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 883 r i^IPIPIEi]HiE)20ISS< ^•» » » APPENDIX A. Copies of Valuable Documents— Roll Or* Clergy, Govern- ment Officers, Parliament4lry Representatives — 3IUNICIPAL AND ToWN CoUNCILfl — CENSUS STATISTICS. ADDRESS OF RECTOR, CHURCH WARDENS. AND VESTRYMEN. TO ADMIRAL DIGBY. To the Honourable Robert Diyby, Esquire, Rear Admiral of the Red Squadron of His Mngesty's Fleet. The Memorial and Petition of the Rector. Church Wardens and Vestrymen of Trinity Parish in the Township of Digby in the County of Annapolis and Province of Nova Scotia, Most Humbly Sheweth — That we your Memorialists, for ourselves and in behalf of the rest of the Inhabitants of said Parish all loyal Refugees from the different Provinces in North America who from our firm attach- ment to our Sovereign and the British Government have emigrated to this place choosing rather than to live under the tyrannic power of a republican Government to quit the lands of our nativity, many of us, our families, friends and nearest connections and the greatest part of our valuable Possessions and our all to settle ourselves (under that Government we prefer to all other Govern- ments) in the uncultivated and unsettled wilderness of Nova Scotia. We to the number of between two and three hundred families have taken our Lot at this place and settled this town which not quite four years past was a thicket of uninhabited woods, and at this time by the means of indefatigable industry, a large part of it is cleared away, a large Town Plot laid out and near two hundred houses built in it — many of them genteel decent habita- :V 884 OIOORAPHY AND HISTORY e e ke ie lions, it is well situated for trade having an excellent harbour for shipping and handy to the sea, and we are in hopen in time by the blessing of the Almighty it will become a large and Opulent City. The Inhabitants of this town in the year 1785 before it was erected into a parish petitioned the Venerable Society in England for the propagation of the Gospel in foreign parts, for a Mission- ary, which they have granted, and have appointed the Rov. Mr. Roger Viets (who to this petition is one of j'our Honor's peti- itoners and resides now with his family among us) with a salaiy towards his support. And the Inhabitants also on the next Michaelmas day after tending the above said Petition ;agreeable to a law of this Province appointing said day annually for the Election of Church Wardens and Vestrymen) Did Chusc Church Wardens and Vestrymen, who Petitioned his Excellency-Governor Parr to erect this town into a parish which he has been plea.sed to do by «.he name of Trinity Parish and prescribed the limits and allotted a Certain District for the Boundaries of said Parish, and the Rev. Mr. Viets has been properly Inducted Rector of said Parish by a Mandate from the Governor to the Church Wardens for that purpose. But tho' we are thus happily situated, there is one great Qohappiness attends us, which is, we have no place Dedicated to the worship of Almighty God, (but are under the necessity of performing Divine worship in a small Dwelling house not suffi- cient to contain our Congregation) neither is it at present in our power to build one, for when considered that we were Expelled from our Rstates that we have been obliged to expend the little we secured from the ravages of war and oppression in prepairing oursel es habitations in a Wilderness Country — and that we are but just entering upon Business and the Cultivation of Our lands, it must be Confessed that we Cannot find means to accom- plish our most earnest Desire of Building a small Decent Church without the Charitable aid of those who have it in their Power to Contribute towards it, we have for some time had a subscrip- tion for it among ourselves and have been able to raise no more in money labour and materials £176 a very small sum to build a Church, but with that we intend with God's Blessing to make ti Beginning and hope we shall meet with encouragement from the Benevolence and Charity »jf those who wish to see the Established Church thrive and Prosper and have it in their power to give us their assistance. ... : 'f .r I ,,1 ' a.? « «•) k or THE COUNTY OF DIGBY 383 And AM this Town took its name from you, and as we are informed with your approbHtion, we therefore Conceive it is immediately under your Patronage from which Circumstance we are emboldened to Beg your assistance and to most humbly Pray your Honor will take our unhappy Case under your serious Consideration and bestow on this Infant settlement something towards Enabling us to Build a small but Decent Church to be Dedicated to the worship of God according to the Liturgy of the Church of England as by Law Established. When we considered ourselves under the Patronage of a Gentleman of your exalted station and fortune we flatter our- selves and Doubt not from your Honors known Benevolent Disposition and as we Conceive your wish to see all things flourish both in Church and state throughout His Majesty's Dominions ; that your Honor will be pleased to grant the Prayer of this our Humble Petition more especially when your Honor Considers the many good Consequences attending so Laudable a Charity ; its being first for the Glory of God secondly the means for the Promotion and Salvation of souls, thirdly it will rebound to your own Honor in this world, and we hope to your Eternal Happiness and felicity in the world to Come for which we your Petitioners as in Duty bound will ever Pray, Signed by Roger "Vieia, Rector ; James Wilmot, Isaac Hatfield, Wardens; Patrick Haggerty, Christian Tobias, John Smith, John B. Moore, John Roome, Thos. Davenport, Thos. Bayeux, Jona. Fowler, Richard Hill, Robt Leonard, Vestrymen. The Memorial was approved July 13th, 1787, and forwarded to John L. C. Roome, Esquire, London. England, father of John Roome the Vestryman, for presentation to Admiral Digby. The benevolent response as noted in a former Chapter, was a cash donation of £100, besides a fine bell which is still used in the new "Trinity." Solomon Sizeling was first sexton of old "Trinity." Copy of Proprietors in Parish of Digby, taxed to raise funds for paying Rent of house owned by Francis James, Esquire, which stood on site of present Short's Hotel, southeastern corner of Prince William Street and Birch Place, occupied as a Church before erection of old "Trinity," and for defraying incidental expenses, comprising Sexton's salary, connected therewith, dated September 21st, 1789. RESIDENTS. William Addington, John Aikins, Capt. C. L Alberti, Francis •.,i .i|ituM i afi li! M i >MmL - I- 386 GEOOBAPHT AND HISTORY Armstrong, Stephen Arnold who resided on Racquette Hill ; George Bain, William Baxter, Ebenezer Beeman who lived on western side of entrance to Annapolis or Digby " Basin ;" Martin Blackford, Isaac Bonnell, Mulachi Bonum or Bonhatn who resided on Queen Street, between Sidney and Prince William ; Lemuel Bourne, resided in Town Plot of Digby \ William Bouquet, Joseph Bradshaw, Rev. Edward W. Brudenell, whose residence was a portion of old Budd Homestead west side King Street, south of Mount Street; Elisha Budd, Michael Burns, Mungo Campbell whose farm was n^ar wrstern bank of St. George's Channel ; Archibald Campbell, Rev. William Clark an itinerating Missionary of the Established Church ; Anthony Closson.Seth Cobb, Charles Colbourn, James Craige, Thomas Craine, Timothy Crowley, Joseph Denton, Julius Descoudres, who lived in Digby where Timothy Titus now resides*, on western side of Birch Place or Street ; Amos Dillon whose residence was at south end of King Street ; Arthur Dingee, William Drake, Dennis Dreskel, some- times spelled " Driscoll," Thomas Dykin, properly Dakin, who lived in Trout Cove ; John Edison, James Ellis, Charles Ferguson who lived where Digby Catholic Chapel stands on southeastern corner of King and Prince William Streets ; William Fitzgerald, Stephen Fountain, Gilbert Fowler, Joseph Gidney, William Green who resided in Town of Digby ; Obediah Griffin, Thomas Haire, whose home was near Grand Joggin ; Luke Hall, Archibald Hamilton, Conrad Handlespiker, now spelled Handspiker, Francis Harris, Peter Harris, Maynanl Harris, James Harrington, Fred- erick W. Hecht, John Hill, Zachariah Hill, Charles Hinnian, who lived on Light House Road ; George Hollingshead, Anthony Hollingshead, John Hocton, Peter Huggeford. Major Thomas Huggeford, James Hughston, Moses Hunt, Stephen Jones, Elijah Jones, James Irvine, Jesse Keehe, Matthias Kelly, Terence Kerin, Thomas Kipp, Joseph Kronk who resided near St. George's Channel ; James Lamb, James Land, Benjamin Lawrence whose house was on lot adjoining Church Street on the north ; John Lftwson, Daniel Leonartl, James Leonard, William H. Letteney who resided near the Racquette ; Issac Longworth, Dougald McCa.stle, William McDonahl, whose store in Digby was next south of Rutherford k Na.sh ; Robert McDormand, William McDormand, John McDougald or McDougall, Alexander Mc- Elhinney, Samuel McGee, James Mclntyre, Peter McMuUen, John McQueen, Jonas Mead, Abraham Miller, James Morehouse, John Morehouse, John Morford, John Murray, Jonathan Morehouse, George Nash, Joshua Northrup, Morris Peters, Gilbert Post, Gaius Pritchard, Pierce Purcell, Simeon Purcell, Robert Ray, Simeon Raymond, Charles Richards of Gulliver's Cove, Robert Robinson i I f ^i- I"-- If i I II' OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 387 Kobert Rollo, John Roop, Isaac Roo^, Jacob Roop, Alexander, Ross, Peter John Rowe, William Saunders, Georpfe Schreiber," Alexander Simpson, Solomon Sizeiinj^, John Christian Small, Jasper Smith, Sr., Jasper Smith, Jr., John Smith, Jacob Smith, Joshua Smith, Henry Snellinpr, Daniel Soles, James Stanton, Henry Stinigar, Benjamin Stearns, Matthew Stewart, Jacob Sypher, Ann Todd, widow, Ebenezer Street, Samuel Street, Edward Taylor, William Taylor who lived on southwestern corner of King and Carleton Streets, Digby ; William Thomas, Alexander John Thompson, Samuel Tidd, Istiac Titus, James Tobin, William Totten, William Trumble who lived near St. George's Channel ; John Turner, Abraham Van Tassell, John Vitch, Thomas Westcott, Jonathan Walton, James Wat , Samuel Warns, James Warrington, John Warwick who res-ided on eastern side of Montague Row, second lot north of Mount Street; David Watkins a sea captain with home near Gilbert's Cove when temporally in port ; Thomas Watt, Charles Wh,tt a sail maker; Frederick Williams, James Wilmot, George Wood. — 156. PROPRIETORS DECEASED, WHOSE FAMILIES RESIDED IN THE PARISH. Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph Barton, John Milligan. — 2. PROPRIETORS ABSENT, BUT RETAINING THEIR LANDS. Petei* Alexander Allaire, John Burket, Francis Conihane, Thomas Davenport, John Hicks, John Jackson, Jacob Henry Knipschild, Joseph Mumford, Thomas Majoribanks, Francis James, Richard Williams, Abraham Willson, William Young, William Sehirmer. — 14. Those included all at that time in the Parish who adhered to the Established Church. Some afterwards became Dissenters ; and the children of others joined one or other of the " extravagant Sectaries " in later years. A censure is recorded in Vestry Records of Trinity Parisl\ against James Wilqaot, E«*quire, lor conducting religious .services not connected with the Church of England. While old " Trinity " was building, Francis Conihane and wife who had subscribed £[2. 10. Od. to the Building Fund, were forbidden by the Vestry meeting to leave the town for returning to New York aa anticipated, until they should discharge that obligation. William Saxton, John Saxton, George Saxton, Sr., and others ; 'f BU!i— ^ tr,^tr^~i*s»Miatmi 888 OEOORilPHT AND HISTOKY. of that name, were probably Baptists when they domiciled in Township of Digby : also. Daniel Bonnell, who resided on Lot No. forty, Block O; Botsford Grant, and erected first Saw and Grist Mill on what is now called Hilton's Brook, at foot of Hilton's Hill. Barton. APPENDIX B. GoMMissioif FOR Settling the Old Township of Digby. Lands Question" in the (Seal.) *'His Excellency Sir JOHN WENT WORTH, Baronet, LL. D., Lieutenant-Governor and Commander-in-Chief in and over His Majcsly's Province of Nova Scotia, and its Dependen- cies, &;c., &c., &c. To Thomas Williams, Stephen DeLancy, Robert Fitz Randolph and Peleg Wiswall, Esquires, Greeting: Whereas a representation on behalf *he Inhabitants of Digby respecting the Titles of Lands there ; being laid before the Council, It waH thereupon Ordered, That Thomas Williams, Stephen DeLancy, Robert Fitz Ran«lolph and Peleg Wiswall, Esquires, be appointed Commissioners. I do therefore appoint you the said Thomas Williams, Stephen DeLancey, Robert Fitz Randolph and Peleg Wiswall, Esquiras, to be (during pleasure) Commissioners to investigate the Claims of said Inhabitants and others to Lands there, and that the said Commissioners be instructed to report the actual state of the settlement in that Township, and by whom the several tracts are held and Claimed -and by what Titles Legal and Equitable, and also touching such other m«itters relative thereto, as they may from time to time be instructed in, and that the said Commissioners be empowered to employ a Clerk and one or more Deputy Surveyors at the Expenses of the Parties immediately interested. For all which this shall be to vou a sufficient Warrant. Given under my Hand and Seal at Halifax, this 16th day of October, 1798, in the 28th year of His Majesty's Reign. "J. WENTWORTH." By His Excellencys Command. B. WENTWORTH, Provincial Secretary. t % or THE COUNTY OF DIOBY. 389 APPENDIX C. H! '■■m Pill The Preamble to Grant of Confirmution relates causes leading to its issue, as given in Chapter VII, states that " others not in the Grant to Amos Botsford and three hundred others, dated February 20th, 1784, were assigned Lands in Township of Digby by the Board of Agents," and then proceeds thus; — "Now know Ye, that for the quieting confirming and securing our subjects herein- after named in the possession of the lands within the Township of Digby which they now occupy as is hereinafter specified, and also for extending to them and others with them hereinafter also mentioned our further gracious Bounty. We have of our special grace, certain knowledge and mere motion, given and granted, and we do for ourselves our Heirs and Successors by these Presents give grant and confirm unto Isaac Flatfield, Esquire, Paul Amberman, George Baine, Richard Bowlsby, Esquire, Abraham Bo'vlsby, Jacob Boice, Joseph Cronk, William Cross, John Covert, John Covert, Junior, Daniel Durling, Joseph Dunbar, John Dituiars, Lemuel Evans, John Edison, William Fitzgerald, Jesse Hoyt, Francis Harris, Martin Johnson, Matthias Kelly, William H. Letteney, Jeremiah Moore, Jonathan Morehouse, Hope Mills, William McDormand, John Ritchie, Andrew Ritchie, Junior, Rem. Remsen, Robert Ray, Johannes Remsen, Jacob Sypher, John Taylor, John Vroom, Morris Welch, Reubon Tucker, the Heirs of Joseph Barton, David Sibley, Francis Dominick, Obadiah GriflSn, Senior, Obadiah Griffin, Junior, Jonas Meade, Henry Stennagar, John Hewett, Abraham Miller, Patrick Licet, Joseph Purdy, Nathaniel Purdy, Gaius Pritchard, William Muir, William Mussells, Elisha Budd, Tamar Budd, Betsey Budd, Agnes Simpson, John Wright, Reuben Hankinson, Cereno Upham Jones, Benlamin McConnell. John Moody, Stephen Jones, Josiah Jones, Simeon Jones, Alexander Haines, John Cosman, James Cosman, John »rigg, William Van Tassell, Arthur Sinclair, Joshua Smith, Charles Ferguson, Abraham Van Tassell, Jehiel Retchum, Jasper Smith, Benjamin Jone.s, Peter McMullen, Joseph Symonds, William Thomas, John Nicholls, Gilbert Post, Thomas Cousens, Catherine Everett, Jacob Breware, Richard Hines, Elizabeth Budd, Hiram Betts, IsabiUa Ross, John Craig (probably son of Capt. James Craige), 'James Wilmot, David Post, Joseph Connolly, Leveret Bishop, Amos Dillon, Robert RoUo, Ebenezer Cutler, James Baxter, Stephen DeLancey, Thomas Dakin, John VanWelza,'* (should be VauVelser), " Henry Hamilton, Archibald Hamilton, John Hamilton, Henry Rutherford, Isaac Bonnell, James Boutin- ,/• r* 390 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY eaa Francklin, James Moody, Stephen Jones the 2ntl, Xathuniel Jones, Thomas Huggcfonl, Reverenrl Roger Viets, Thtxims Bayeux, Joseph Beeniiin, William Giirtin. James A. Holdsworth, John Burkett, Samuel Street, Jonathan Fowler, James Reid, Charles Watt, George Robert and William Turnbull, Eleanor Brown, Heirs of William Baxter, Dennis McGrath, Charles Hinxman, John Turner, Heirs of John Rolligan, John Lawson, Thomas Wutt, Heirs of James Leonard, Alexinder Thompson, Alexander liOng, Stephen Arnold, Dennis Dowling, Ferdinand Schaffher, Widow Beeman, Margaret Morford and Jane Stennngar, Charles Coulbourn, Heirs of Louis DesCoudres, Francis Armstrong, the Rector, Wardens and Vestry of Trinity Church in Digby, Samuel McGhee, Elizabeth Cunningham, Joseph Henderson, John C. Small, Samuel Cosseboom, David Cosseboom, Benjamin Law- rence, Patrick Denniston, Joseph Gilliland, Daniel Fitzgerald, James Robinson, James Fit jgen.ld, James Cosseboom, William Drake, John Aikins, William Clark, Jr., Peter Duck, Daniel Dalton, Jacob Cornwell, Jacob Smith, Jesse Keen, William Burns, William Johnson, William Feuwick, Andrew Mann, Samuel Harris, Thomas Majoribankis, Isaac Titus, James Titus, William Kerr, Martin Blackford, James Hughston, Stephen Sneeden, Robert Dickson, Simeon Raymond, Joseph Oidney, John Gidney, Thomas Hntchinson, Jesse Oakes, Phineas Oakes, Joseph Denton, William Addington, John Archibald, Ashbel Rice, Heirs oi 3amuel Tidd, Daniel Van Welza," (should be Van Velser,) — "John Saunders, John Colville, John Archibald, Jr., Heirs of Sarah Grant, Robert McDormand, George I'ollingshead, James Craige, Richard Hill, Philip Whatman, Christian Tobias, Anthony James Marshall, Isaac Longworth, John Morford, Abraham Wilson, Josiah Winchester, Frederick William Hecht, John Peter Rowe, John Saxton, George Saxton, John Holdsworth, James Meagher, Gilbert VanEmburgh, Asa Porter, Anthony Specht, Joshua Northup, Daniel Purdy, Thomas Milledge, James Jones, Thomas Lewis, Heirs of Peter Doucet, Jacob Christ, Ge(»rge Black, Phineas Milledge, Heirs of Col. Thomas Gilbert, Major Thomas Gilbert, Perez Gilbert; Evan Powell, Jeremiah Sabean, Abranam Brooks, David Grant, John Roope, Heirs of Francis Wells, Adam Walker, Edward and William Taylor, John Warwick, David Shook, John Grant, Benjamin Sabean, Willoughby Sabean, Samuel Gouldsbury, John Moore, William Lowe, John Lowe, David Seabury, Peleg Wicwell, John Hockenhull, Francis P. LeRoy, Poter John. John Robinson, John Lambertson, Hugh Germain, Thomas Cornwall, James Everett, Tunis Lambertson, Phineas Lovett, James Langford, WilUam Hanselspiker," (should be Handlespiker, now " Handspiker,") Mungo Campbell, William ITT •I . i i \ \ P'l Hii II ^S I ii , -'■ r ' ' I \\ " >t - ■n' ^V OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBT. 891 Rob rtson, Eunice Snodgmss, Ji)hn Slocomb, Peter Long. Jaboz WoodrutF Dunbar, Robert FitzRandoIph, Robert Robertson, Williiim Moore, Thomas Willimns, Esquire, Robert Hill, Heirs of Archibald Hamilton, Thomas Ritchie and John Faulkner, ninety- one thousand six hundred and thirty-two acre» of land situate lying and being in the Township of Digby, in the County of Annapolis, consisting of three hundred and thirty-four farm lots, ten fish lots and fourteen Locations hereinafter particularly mentioned and of one undivided tract abutted and bounded as follows, that is to say — Beginning at a stake and stones measur- ing four hundred and forty-three chains seventy-five links from mouth of a brook empting itself into Grand Joggin south of the Town of Digby on Annapolis Basin on a course South twenty- four Degrees East, thence on a course South sixty-six Degrees West ten hundred and flfty-four Chains or until it meets the River Sissiboo, thence by the courses of said River to the farm lot Number thirty-one in Division Letter S, thence north along the Line of said Lot to the rear thereof, thence, along the rear of Divisions S and R to the South-west corner of Lot Number eighty-two and Division O, thence to the rear Line of Lots eighty-two, eighty-one, eighty, seventy-nine, seventy-eight, aeventy-seven in the said Division O to the South-east corner of the said last mentioned Lot '(77)" thence South twenty-four Degrees East on the location N N- to the South-west corner of the same, thence North sixty-six Degrees one thousand and and thirty-six chains or until it meets Lot Number eight being a back Line of Division Letter O, thtnce North eighty-four Degrees East on the last mentioned lot to the location B B, thence South twenty -four Degrees East on the West Line of the said location and al :o the location A A two hundred chains or until it comes to the South-west corner of the last mentioned location, thence North sixty-six Degrees East until it meets the Line produced by the first course mentioned in this Discription, containing thirty-one thousand two hundred and thirty acres, allowance being made for a Road lying through the same in a longitudinal direction — which said tract as also the said Lots and Locations have such shape, form and marks as appears in the original Plan of the said Township of Digby and in the Plan hereunto annexed, together with woods, underwoods, timber, trees, lakes, ponds, fishings, waters, water-courses, profits, commodities, appurtenances and hereditaments whatsoever thereunto belonging or in any wise appertaining ; together also with the privilege of hunting, ~ hawking, and fowling in and upon the sanoe, and mines and minerals, — saving and reserving, nevertheless, to us, our heirs and successors, all White Pine trees if any should be found I *» f* 392 OEOORAPHY AND HISTORY L.. growing tlien)n, and also saving and rP,Aru;« * »d^»Vcc--. a" mine, of 'oZ' ^-"Xt^'-^Z't;^ Secreta,-y of the Province of N™a ScoSl '^ Wentworth, • ' ^ (Pbboisb Copt.) APPENDIX D. CEAPTER V.-1784. An Act to ascertain the JTumber of Rer,rP smtatives to he elected to serve i« rZ^Jj iZTfi' ^'"•^^— -^ CotnZsZSToZt Ships therein mentioned. ■ Whereas, from the Accession of Settlers ar^rl T i. i •. in this Province, it is expedient tZtTlr f ^'f^^^'^^^ and Townships therein tZ f \ ^'''^^'' ^-^ ^o^'^ties therein le cZ^. l^^Z:!^^ ''?' ''' "^^'^'^'^^^^ AasemUy. Jiepresentatives to serve in General Thai t^:LiztiV!i: S3^?nr^rd%^-^t'^' aentntives fco serve in GeneraTAsse mblvTh?'"'**^^ ^'^P''^- County of Shelburne, situate on the wl. {' p' '" J^ '"y- *"«»• ^^^ County, two Member; ; For the Coif, "f B«"ndary of Queen's the Eastern Boun-lary of the cln^^ \^ z?^i •^^'^'''^ ' ^^^"'^fce on For the Township o ^it-S'^S/^^ ^«^^(aa:. two Members ; Por< i2o8«w;ay. one MeXr For hT ''^ . • H"*"^""'' called County of ^n;«;o;f.^tuat;!rtb^^^^^^^^^ '^ ^f^*2/. in the called Conway, one Member Annapolis, formerly ofa^f<^^1?l.r^:tn m^1,;Se!l^t,^ shall be be known.-Perpetual Actofih^r^ Pleasure therein shall Majesty, Pro.J„ '^J^Z tZ, f^nifa^'Z"^ .1^" i$ OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 898 APPENDIX E.-Part I. . The following comprises the only remnant of the Book of Proceedings kept by the Board of Agents while locating Loyalists in the town of Digby during years 1783, 1784, and 1785. After the most diligent enquiries and research, these portions were found by the author in an old building at Weymouth erected by one of the Loyalists of that flourishing town, whose sister marriec^ a Digby Veteran. By some inadvertence, this invaluable Record was probably never copied, and remained in the hands of private Persons, instead of being placed in custody of Township Clerk, 'he most thorough researches failed to discover remainder, or a duplicate. The book evidently comprised two Parts. In the first, streets were arranged alphabetically, with designation of each Block, number of Lot, and name of original owner, as assigned by the Agents ; while the other gave names of such owners in alpha- betical order, with numbers of their respective Lots, and defini- tions of Blocks comprising them. Each Lot having a dwelling is marked by a miniature drawing, which specifies whether a two story edifice or otherwise. While words conveying these last ideas are here substituted for such profiles, the other portions are transcribed verbatim. ■. ■ r MONTAGUE ROW. R. ■f-, . '!-,' 4 .c; ,\ r'M i :! 7& No. 1& 2. 3. 4 5. 6. 8. 9. 10 & 11. 12. 13 & 14. 15 & 16. 17 & 18. 19. 2v0. Stephen Denton. Francis Owen. • . Abraham Willson. David Quigley, (conditionally assigned Feb. 12th, 1785.) Zebulon Whitman, (ass. May 6th, 1785.) Dr. Joseph Marvin, two story dwelling, a grant. Archibald McCurdy, a grant. George Baine, a «JweIling, a grant. Bates, a grant. James Baxter, a dwelling, a grant. Alexander Thompson, a dwelling, a grant. John Lewis, a dwelling. Edward Devit, (conditionally assigned, Jan. 15th, 1785.) Philip Ramsay, (conditionally assigned, Jan. loth, 1785,) vacant. •.' 894 QEOORAPHT AND HISTORY 21. Daniel Soales, (sold to Scales,) a dwelliDg. 22. Charles Ferguson, (sold to Daniel Soales,) a dwelling. 23. Thomas Craine. 24. Joshua Nurthrup. 25. Thomas Westcott, QUEEN STREET. R. 26. Morris Peters, a dwelling, a grant. 27 & 28. Morris Peters, a grant. 29. William Simpson, now Waters. 30. Daniel Tobias, a grant. 81 & 32. Christian Tobias, a grant. WATER STREET. S. 1 & 2. Benjamin Petite, a grant, (assigned to Abraham Miller, Jane 10th, 1785.) 8. John Stewart, Mariner, (assigned, Jan. 15th, 1785,) forfeited. 4. Amos Botsford, vacated, (assigned, Thos. Hare, July 2nd, 1785.) 6. Thomas Hare, by purchase, a grant. 6. The Allev. 7. Peter Walters. ' 8. John McGuire, a grant. 9. Benjamin Stearns, a grant. 10 & 11. Jonathan Moorehousc, a grant. 12. Isaac Swazy, (assigned, July I6th, 1785,) a grant. 13. John Smith, (July 30th, 1785, assigned,) a grant. 14. Levi VanKleeck, (July 30th, 1785, assigned.) 15. Israel Young. 16. Fleming Pinkston. WATER STREET. SECOND S. Anthony Hollingshead, a dwelling. Qriflfeth Jenkins, a dwelling. Ebenezcr Ward, a dwelling. No Name, a dwelling. " This lot wrong, Cobb lives here." 1. 2. a 4. N.B.-1 -The name " Nicholas" should be before that of "Cobb."— L W. W. WEST STREET. 5 to 12. No namea— I. W. W. I ii (506' «3- >» 1 III' b' " I*'' ii I ,i m „ 4 Hn Ii! . 1 i 1;^ t^-'i' Ii' i ! tv ^,,,..-11 OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. MONTAGUE ROW. T. 395 4k No. 1. 2. 3. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9&10. 11. 12 & 13. 14. 16. 16 & 17. 18. Daniel Hummill, (vucated, assigned, John Jackson, July, 2n^e\\ing, by purchase. p^rc^aJe^ ' *" *''° ^^'"''^ """^ *'^^*'" dwelling, by 10. Peter Totten a dwelling.!.. .,rchase. 12 k 13 An?/I?.w Q • T ^"^^'u"'' *^> F^rchase. June 10th. 1786. 16.' No nam^" "^ ' ^ P""^^'^^®' J»ne 10th, 1785. •Should doubtleu be " A." instead of " H." ! 1, fTT 1: >:!■ MK fc'' I).. 'I ! M i l| iIm, ■iji ll ii' Wttm s, 'illimfii l»! 'i'. Of THE COUNTY OF DIGBT. APPENDIX E.— Part II. P. 899 Parr, John, Parks, James, Parker, Simeon, Paterson, Alexander, Peters, Morris, Petitte, Benjamin, Phillips. Jacob. Pinkston. Fleming. Pierson, James. ' Pierson, Jemima, Plamb, David, Post, Gilbert. Purcell, Thomas, Purdy, Nathaniel, Pardy, Joseph, Pardy, Gabriel. Pordy. Abraham, Purcell, Pierce. Pundt, Widow, Pye, Roger, Prime, Michael, Purcell, Simon, (should •• Simeon " instead,) Pritchard, Gaius, Quigley, David, be Ray, Robert, Ramsay, Philip, Reed, James, Rea. George, Rhodes. Killan. Town Lots. FarmLoti. 15 F. 6 N. 14. 15 K. 2G. 13, 14 P. IG. 15 P. 10 F. 26, 27, 28 R. 1,2S. 32 T. 16 E. - 38 S. 16 S. ■. 11 U. 12 U. 21 H. SO K. * 17 2nd J. 16 G. 18 G. . 4L. 25 N. 6.7T. 21 C. 22 J. 5B. 3M. 13 E. 7L. • 20 2nd J. 20. 2nd J. 18. Q. ' 5K. R. ' 11 v.. 29 W., 7 P C N. 6 E., ^ Survey. IE. 26 B., 1 P. 60 0, 33 S. 5F. , 30 H. «4..j.w^iit*:>St«»i.t'a'C J Ir. \ 1 ! ;■■ 1 t ! ? • t .J ^ 400 OEOQRAPHY AND HISTORY RhinedoUar, Eraanuel, Richards, Jesse, Richards, James, Roorae, John, Roome, John L. C. Roup, John, Roup, Christopher, Roup, Jacob, Roup, Isaac, Rass, Alexander. , Stockman, John, Stearns, Benjamin, - Stanning. Samuel, Stretch, John, Steninger, Henry, Stewart, John, Syphar, Jacob, Smith Austin, (relinquished Nathin Clawson,) Stump, John, Street, Ebenezer, Street, Samuel, Stewart James, Stewart, Matthew, Stewart, Max Will, Smith, Abner, Smith, Jacob, Smith, Samuel, Smith, John, Smith, Joshua, Scales, Daniel, Smith, Peter, SwRzy, Isaac, Smith, John, Town Lots. 4 W. 14 H. 20 H. 8 A., 3rd J. 4 2nd J. 6C. 7 C. 14 0. 15 a, 2 X. 14 F. S. 191. 9S. 4, 5 T. 24 Y. 7 Privateer Cove, New Survey. 25 Y. ^ 4 O., 2 Q. Farm Lot*. Bdck of Cr'>.iff's Mill. ^ Back of Craig's Mill. ^^ ;.^ Back of Craitr's Hill. BackofCraiff's Hill. to 16, 17 L. 1 A,27B. 7 A., 3, 4 Y. 31. 23 B. 1.2C. 8Z. 9 E., 9 M. 7 0. 66 0. 11 A. 8M. 5E. 22 E. 4K. 5K. 5, 6, 7 M. 15 U. 14 U., (relinquished a loton the common) 12 S. 13 S. 7 N. supposed. 11 D. 15 T. 47 S. m, , mK kf ■ ■.AU ( . OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. T. V" i ! J !i!t;i ■ ■ i ! - Taylor, Capfc. Edward, Teperle, Philip, Teda, Hendrich, Tennant, William, Thome, S. Thurason, Lawrence, Thurason, Ann, Thomas, Joseph, Thompson, Samuel, Thompson, Alexander, Thomas, William, ^ Titus, Isaac, Timpany, Robert, Totten, James, Totten, William, Totten, James, Totten, Peter, Townley, Thomas, Tobin, James, Tobias, Christian, Tobias, Daniel, Tongue, Joseph, Todd. Elizabeth, Triender, Simpson, Triender, James, Turner, Merrial, Tyson, Nathan, Tidd, Samuel, Trevor, David, Totten, Joseph, Merchant, Thomas, William, Taylor, William, Underwood, Henry, Vanloo, Peter, VanTassell, Abraham, YanKleeck, Simeon, Town Lot*. Farm Lots. 1, 2 N. , 12 E. 19 J. 28 0. \ 6D. 25 R 12 V. 19 P., 12, 13. M. 15 Privateer Cove. 17 A. 15, 16 R. 6C. 15 Z. 36 0. 29 P., 30 P., by purchase. 4 N. 14 Z , 5 D. 35 0. 6 A. 4 I, 2 Little 5L 1,2T. 10 Y. 26 0. 2 J. 10 E. 31, 32 R. Back A. 30.R. 16,17. T. 12 J. 11 F. 12, 13 X., 42nd J. 4E. 11 H. (No numbers. — I. W.W.) 27 N. • 7Z. 14 Q. 11, 15 Z. 6H. 2nd ^^ U. 11 J. V 27 L 30 1. * 8 F., 1, 2, 1. 24 F. 401 402 OEOORAPHT AND HISTORY Vral, Jacob, Valentine. William, Van Velsor, Daniel, VanKleeck, Levi, Walker, Adam, Wade, Humphrey Watt, Thomas, Walker, Peter, Warrington, James, Wame, Samuel, Ward, James, Ward, Ebenezer, Ward, Jonas, Walters, Peter, Ward, Thomas, Wear, Thomas, Wearagan, Patrick, Weeks, Elijah, Wentworth, Mark, Wilmot, James, Wilson, Robert, Wilson, Capt. John, Williams, Richard, Williams, Capt. Frederick, Watkins, Capt. David, WilLson, Jr.. Abraham, Town Lota. 27 K. Farm Lota. 1.9E. 8 Privateer Cove. N. Survey. 14 S. W. 16. 17 C. 7F. 16 F., 3 W. 17 R 10 H. 10, 11 M. and 12 Back of Craig's 2nd J. Mill. 3 N. 3 2ndS. 10 2nd P. ^S- BackofCraie's Mill. * 16 Z. 22, 23 K.. 9 Q. 7 M. ^ ^ 9H. 14 J. 5 A. 7 T 10E.,14,15N.,4R11N. 6X. 8 W. 14 J. 14 T. . 5 ^ 19 F., 29 0. I.i i .» I , ■ i ; • !■ !il Copt.) OK THE COUNTY OP DIGBT. APPENDIX F. 403 CHAPTER LXXXIX,—1837. Wi'''''i Mi... !i 111 I I \X ?'«• . '; ^ ■li! fi ■; W -'», "An Act to divide the County of Annapolis, and to regulate the Representation thereof fPasaed tlU day qf April, 18S7. ) ** Be it enacted, by the lAeutenant-QowfiTnoT, Council and Assembly, That, from and after the time this Act shall go into operation, the present County of Annapolis shall be divided into two distinct and separate Counties, that is to say — into the County of Annapolis, to comprehend and comprise all that part of the present County of Annapolis to the Eastward of a line to pass through the centre of the Gut of Annapolis, and from a line to be drawn from the same to the centre of Bear River, and from thence to be continued Southwardly, following the course of the same River, to the head of the tide, and thence following a line South twenty-four degrees East to the boundary line of Queen's County, and containing the Townships of Annapolis, Granville and Wilmot, and so much of the Township of Clements as lies to the Eastward of Bear River, and of the aforesaid line ; and also, all other parts of the County of Annapolis to the Eastward of the same line, and not included in any Township; and the remainder of the present County of Annapolis shall constitute and form the County of Digby, that is to say — the Township of Digby and Clare, Bear Island, Long Island, and Brier Island, and that part of the Township of Clements lying to the Westward of . Bear River, and of the line to be drawn as already described from the head of the Tide in Bear River aforesaid, in a due course South twenty-four degrees East to the line of Queen's County, together with all other land lying to the Westward of the same line in the County of Annapolis. II. And be it further enacted. That when and so soon as this Act shall come into operation, from and after the dissolution of the then General Assembly, and the calling any new General Assembly, it shall and may be lawful for the Governor, Lieu- tenant-Governor, or Commander-in-Chief for the time being, to Issue Writs for the Election of Members to serve in such New General Assembly for the Counties of Annapolis and Digby 404 OEOORAPHY AND HISTORY respectively, one Member each ; aaJ for the Township of Granville, one Member; and for the Township of Annapolis, and that part of the Township of Clements lying to the Eastward of the aforesaid Division Line and then being in the County of Annapolis, jointly, one Member, insteml of a Member for the Township of Annapolis as at present, and for the Township of Clare, one Member, and for the Township of Digby, and that part of the Township of Clements lying to the Westward of the said Division Line, and then being in the County of Digby, jointly, one Member, instead of a member for the Township of Digby, as at present. in. And be it further enacted. That when and so soon as this Act shall come into operation, and until new commissions or appointments shall be issued or made, in that behalf, ail such Judges, Justices of the Peace, or other Officers, as are or may be appointed or commissioned for the County of Annapolis, and be in office when this Act comes into operation, and who may be then resident in the new County of Digby, as hereby created and hereinbefore described, shall be, and be deemed, Judges, Justices of the Peace, and Officers for the said new County of Annapolis, and all snch Judges, Justices of the Peace, and other Officers as are or may be appointed or commissioned for the present County of Annapolis, and be in office when this Act comes into operation, and who may be then resident in the new County of Digby, as hereby created and hereinbefore described, shall, until a new Commission or Appointment as aforesaid, be, and be deemed. Judges, Justices of the Peace, and Officers for the said new County of Digby, in the same manner to all intents and purposes as if the said Judges, Justices of the Peace and other Officers, had been respectively appointed and commissioned for the said new County in which they shall or may be so resident when this Act shall come into operation as aforesaid. IV. Provided always, and he it fwdher enacted, That after this Act shall come into operation, until the said new County of Digby shall have been provided with a Jail, according to Law, the Jail of the present County of Annapolis shall be, and be deemed, the Jail of the said new County of Digby, and the Sheriff for the County of Annapolis shall continue to be and to act as the Sheriff of the said new County of Digby, in the same manner and with the same power and authority, as if the said County of Annapolis remained undivided as at present. V. Provided further, and he it further enacted, That so soon after this Act shall come into operation, as such Jail shall f m II OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 405 11 t /■• .'■■ *^■', ^' i;' be provided, and shall be certi6ed by the General Sessions of the Peace to be secure and sufficient, it shall and umy be lawful for the Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, or Con«mander-in-Chief for the time being, immediately thereupon, iu the usual manner, upon the nomination of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, as by Law prescribed, to appoint and commission a SheriHT for the County of Digby, and thenceforth and thereafter, the power and authority of tne Sherift'of the County of Annapolis, in such County of Digby, shall wholly and entirely cease and determine ; and a Sheriff for the said County of Digby shall thenceforth annually appointed at the time, and in the manner by Law pre- scribed for appointing Sheriffs. VL And be it further enacted. That the first Justice of the Inferior Courts of Common Pleas, and President of the General Sessions of the Peace for the Western Division of this Province, shall have and exercise the like power, jurisdiction and authority, in the said respective Counties of Digby and Annapolis, after this Act shall come into operation, as by such first Justice and President of Sessions is now exercised and had in the present County of Annapolis. VIL And it is further enacted, That from and after the time this Act shall come into operation, at an Election to be held for a Membar to serve in General Assembly — for the then County of Annapolis, the Poll shall be opened at the Court House in Annapolis, and be there held and continued for the space of three days ; and thence, if required, according to Law, the Poll shall be adjourned and removed to some central and convenient place in Bridgetown, there to be held and continued for the space of two days ; and from thence, being required, according to Law, the Poll shall be removed and adjourned to some central and convenient place in Lawrence Town, to be there held and con- tinued for the space of two days; and for the Township of Annapolis, at any Election after this Act shall come into opera- tion, the Poll shall be opened at the Court House in Annapolis, and be there held and continued for the space of four days ; and for any Election for the Township of Granville, to be so held as aforesaid, the Poll shall be opened at some convenient place in the Settlement of New Caledonia, at or near Granville Ferry, to be there held and continued for the space of two days, and being required, according to Law, the Poll shall be thence removed and adjourned to some central and convenient place in Bridgetown, there to be held and continued for the space of two days : — and for the County of Digby, at any Election to be held as afore- 406 OEOQRAPHY AND HISTORY said, the Poll shall be opened at the Coart House in Digby, and be there held and continued for the space of four days ; and from thence, being required according to Law, the Poll shall be removed to some central and convenient place at Sissiboo. to be there held and continued for the space of two days ; and from thence, beins required, according to Law, the Poll shall be removed and adjourned to some central and convenient place near the Chapel at Montugun," (Meteghan,) " in the Township of Clare, to be there held and continued for the space of three days : and for the Township of Digby, at any Election to be held as aforesaid, the Poll shall be opened at the Court House in Digby, and shall be thereheld and continued for the space of four days : and for the Township of Clare, at any Election to be held as aforesaid, the Poll shall be opened at some central and convenient place near the Chapel at Montagan, to be there held and continued for the space of four days. Vm. And be it further enacted. That whenever the Poll is hereby directed to be removed and adjourned from one place to another, the Poll shall be opened at the place to which it shall be so adjourned, on the day next but one after the last day hereby limited and appointed for closing the Poll at the place at which it has. been last previously held. Provided always, that the days of polling and the time of adjournment shall always be reckoned exclusive of Sunday, Christmas Day and Good Friday. IX. And he it further enacted, That, aa to the manner of conducting the Election in closing or adjourning the Poll, upon Proclamation, or in any other respect, not herein specially pro- vided for, the Sheriff shall be governed by any Act or Acts of the Geileral Assembly now, or to be from time to time, in force, for regulating the manner of conducting Elections of Representa- tives in General Assembly. X. Provided ahvays, and be it further enacted. That noth- ing herein contained shall be of any force or effect until His Majesty's Assent shall be signified to this Act" — Statutes of the Province of Nova Scotia for 1838, pages 76 and 76. 7^ '!| |i;; [;>.' ; i^ m-' M'^ u ^01 -III li] * ■<- or THE COUNTY OF DIOBT. 407 {Con.) APPENDIX G. CHAPTER XXXVITL-1838. "An Act to establish that part of the Township of Clements, lying in the County of Dighy^ into a separate Township.'* (Pasted the 29th day (^ March, 18S8. ) "Whereas, a certain portion of the ancient Township of Clements, by an Act, passed in the last Session of the General Assembly, entitled, " An Act to divide the County of Annapolis, and to regulate the Representation thereof," which has been assented to by Her Majesty, has become part of the County of Digby, and the inhabitants thereof are desirous of still being a separate Township. 1. Be it therefore enacted, by the Lieutenant-Governor, Council, and Assembly, That all that part of the Township of Clements, which is now situated in the new County of Digby, shall be, and shall be deemed and held to be, a separate and distinct Township, to all intents and purposes whatsoever, to be known as and called the Township of Hillsburgh, and shall hav^ the right to vote Money for the support ot its own Poor, and to have Town Officers appointed, and to exercise the same authority and power, with respect to all such Township business and purposes, as otheo Townships of the Province. Provided always, that nothing herein contained shall extend, or be construed to extend, to pre- vent any Freeholder or Freeholders, resident in the Township hereby established, from voting for a member for the Township of Digby, or to al>ridge, or in any manner interfere with, the right of such Freeholder or Freeholders to vote for such Town- ship of Digby, as by the said Act hereinbefore mentioned is permitted and enacted." Statutes of Nova Scotia, 1838, 'pages 61 and 6^. «.- ' Hv I 408 (Copy.) GEOQRAPUY AND HISTORT APPENDIX H. 1-^ I CHAPTER LXTL—ISSS. *t All Act to establish the Count y or Shire Town ill the County of Di^hy,** (Paned the t9lh day qf March, ISSS. ) " Whereas, the Act, passed in the last Session of the General Assembly, entitled, An Act to divide the County of Annapolis and to reealate the Representation thereof, has houn assented to by Her Majesty, whereby the same has come into operation, and no provision is made in such Act for establishing a County or Shire Town for the new County of Digby : • L Be it therefore enacted, by the lAeulc: ant -Governor, Council and Assembly, That the Town of Dif^by, in the said County of Digby, shall be, and is hereby establisliod tuul declared to be, the Shire or County Town of the said County, for all pur- poses whatsoever, and that there shall be held the Supreme Courts, and also, ♦he Inferior Courts of Common Pleas, and one term or Sessions g the General Sessions of the Poiico. And whereas. The Township of Clare, which is a large and populous Township, for various reasons, is entitled to have one Sessions or Term of the General Sessions of the Peace held there : Be it therefore enacted. That it shall and may bo lawful for the Grand Jury and Court of Sessions for the said County of Digby, and they are hereby directed to furnish and provide a Sessions House in some central and convenient place in the Township of Clare ; and that when such Sessions House is pro- vided, there shall be annually held therein, at such time as shall be appointed, during this present or at any future Session of the General Assembly, one Term or Sessions of the Court of General Sessions of the Peace in such Township of Clare at which all Town Officers for the said Township shall be appointed in manner as by Law prescribed for the appointment of Town Ofiicers. III. And be it further enacted. That all Town Officers for the Township of I>igby, and other parts of the said County of Digby, except the Township of Clare, shall be appointed at the i)^: ioJ ' OP THE COUNTY OF DIOBY. 409 Term or Sessions of the General Sessions of the Peace held in Digby. IV. Provided alvjaya, and he it further enacted. That until the Sessions House in the Township of Clare shall l)e provided, and one Term of the Court of the General Sessions of the Peace appointed there, agreeably to this Act, the Town Officers for the Township of Clare shall be appointed at the Court of General Sessions of the Peace to be holden at Digby." — Provincial Statutes, 1838, page 59. -M (Copt.) APPENDIX I. i^*, Pr-^' ' \ ':i CHAPTER XLlV.-lS^'h 44 An Act to set off Weymouth into a sepa- rate Township.** (Passed the 10th day qf April, 1841. ) " Whereas the Inhabitants of that part of the Township of Digby, in the County of Digby, hereinafter described, are desir- ous that it shall be set off into a separate Township, which will tend much to the benefit of the said Inhabitants : I. Be it enacted, by the Lieutenant-Governor, Council, and Aaaemhly, That all that part of the present Township of Digby, hereinafter particularly designated and described, shall from and after the passing of this Act, be set off and erected into a separate Township, by the name of the Township of Weymouth. II. And he it enacted, That the said Township of Weymouth shall be abutted and bounded as follows, that is to say : — Begin- ning at a stake and stones standing on the north-eastern angle of Farm Lot number forty, near Ellenwood's Cove, on the south side of St. Mary's Bay, from thence to run in a course south twenty-four degrees east, following the eastern sido Line of said Lot, number forty, and continuing the same course until it inter- sects the rear or southern Line of the Township of Digby ; thence south sixty-six degrees west along said Line eight hundred chains, or until it comes to the north-eastern angle of the Town- , >? 410 OEOQRAPHT AND HISTORY ship of Clare : thence along the eiistern Line of Clare on the course of north twenty-four degrees west to the south-eastern angle of Lot numb::r twenty -one, on the south side of Sissiboo ; thence north sixty-five degrees west to the south-western angle of the Lot granted to Joseph Potter, and regranted to Colonel John Taylor, in the Grant of Confirmation to the Inhabitants of the Township of Digby ; thence north thirty-three degrees east along said Potter's side Line one hundred and thirteen chains, to a stake and stones on the bank of Sissiboo River: thence north- wardly, following the course of said River, to Saint Mary's Bay ; thence northeastwardly, crossing the mouth of said River, and following the several courses of Saint Mary's Bay, until it comes to the place of beginning. IIL And be it enacted. That all Rates, Assessments, Suits, or Actions, now commenced, pending made or done, shall and may be prosecuted, levied and collected, in the same way and manner as though this Act bad not been passed. IV. And he it enacted, That notwithstanding anything in this Act contained, the Freeholders duly qualified by Law in that part of the Township of Digby, hereby erected into a separate Township, shall be entitled to be elected, or to vote at any election to be hereafter held for a Member to represent the Township of Digby in the same manner as heretofore. V. And he it enacted. That at the next General Sessions of the Peace for the County of Digby, it shall and may be lawful for the Justices attending thereat, to ascertain the number of Paupers, and the charges and expenses of the said Paupers now chargeable on the said Township of Digby, and also to ascertain _the amount of the Kates for the support of the said Paupers, now contributed by that part of the said Township of Digby hereby erected into the separate Township of Weymouth. VI. And he it enacted. That when and so soon as the whole charges and expenses now paid for the support of the Paupers now chargeable on the said Township of Digby, and the propor- tion of such charges now contributed by that part of the said Township, hereby erected a separate Township, shall bo ascer- tained, it shall and may be lawful for the Justices by any Order or Orders of Sessions to be made at such General Sessions as aforesaid, to direct and order that such and so many of the Paupers now chargeable on the Township of Digby, to be named in such Order or Orders, whose expenses and charges of main- tenance shall bear the same proportion to the whole charges and m It • jf i' ' i i I ' ' 11 Bl ■ I'' J 1 ..J OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBY. 411 expenses of all the Pnupers, now chtirgenble to the s»iiHT AND BISTORT. Suydor. M. A.. 1836 to 1848; Rev. Philip Jumos Fillcul. A. B., 1851 to 1892; Rev. Joha M, Withycombe, A. M.. 1802 to issue of this History. APPENDIX J. Part II. .1 ' Roman Catholics. Clare, — Rev. Jean Manddtus Si^ogue, July 31st, 1790, to his death, November 9th, 1844. It was immediately divided between two Priests, each having charge of a single Parish with neigh- bouring missions. Church Point, — Revs. Laurence Byrne, 1845 ; Dennis Geary, 1850 to 1858; James Roger.% 1859; Joseph P. Roles, 1860; James Daly, 1861 to 1868 ; John Quinan. 1869 to 1870 ; William Walsh, D.D., 1870 to 1878 ; John M. Gay, 1879 to 1890 ; M. Morln, 1890 to 1894. Rev. F. Blanche, Principal St. Anne College. Meteghan including Salmon River, — Revs. William McLeod, 1846 to 1861 ; Ferdinand Blanchette, 1861 to 1868; Very Rev. James Daly, Vicar General, followed, and is still in charge at tMeteghan, assisted by Rev. Thomas Butler in 1867 and by Rev. John Raphael Lovejoy two years later. OUberfa Cove, Weymouth, Belliveau's Cove, and Courherie, connected tvith Annapolis, Digby, and Indian Chapel at Bear River, — Revs. Thomas McDonnell, 1846 ; James Rogers, 1851 Edward Butler, 1854; Dennis Geary, 1857; John M. Gay, 1858 David C. O'Connor. 1859; James Daly, 1860; John Marks, 1861 William Smith, 1864. Oilhert'a Cove, Belliveau's Cove, and Courherie, — Rev. James Bresnan, 1870 to 1876, when Rev. S. M. Browne succeeded him ; Rev. E. d'Homm^e, 1877; M. J. Driscoll, 1879; William J. Mihan, 1880 to 1889, when the present Incumbent, Rev. Alphonsus B. Parker, was inducted. Weymouth Bridge is now added ; but Gilbert's Cove is supplied by Rev. L. E. Duchesneau since 1891. Dighy, Bear River and Digby Neck, as connected ufith Arvnapdis, — Rev. Thomas J. Grace, 1873 to 1874. Skilmon River Branch of Meteghan Parish, — Rev. E. d'Horame'e, 1882 ; Rev. P. Courdeau, 1888 ; Rev. P. H. Cot^, 1889 to present ■:i f f r 1 1 \'£> ' ! i ,!^ • ?^-r I I OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. APPENDIX J. Part III. 413 Wesleyan Methodists. Annapolis Circuit, comprising old County of Annapolis onder English Conference, from 1785 to 1826. Reverends William Black, Freeborn Garretson, John Mann, and James Mann, Visit- ing Missionaries, at intervals ; but the work languished for want of constant shepherds. Revs. William Sutdiffe. 1809 to 1811 ; William Croscombe, 1811 to 1813 ; Thomas H. Davies, Adam C. Avard, Sampson Busby, travelling missionaries between latter date and 1821 ; Revs. Sampson Busby, 1818 ; John B. Strong. 1822 to 1824; Sampson Busby, 1824 to 1827, aided by Mr Murray, Probationer ; Albert Desbrisay, 1827 to 1829 ; William Marshall, 1829 to 1832 ; Michael Pickles, 1832 to 1834 ; Arthur McNutt, 1834 to 1835; Rev. William Smithson, 1835 to 1836; George Johnson, 1836 to 1837; George Miller, 1837 to 1839; Richardson Douglas, 1839 to 1841. Dighy Circuit, extending over Township of Digby, Hillsburgh and Weymouth. — Revs. Stephen Bamford Supernumerary, 1840 to his death, August 14th, 1848, aged 77 years. He began to preach in 1806 ; and was consequently a clergyman forty-two years. In 1844 Mr. Bamford being unable from an accident to preach, the Conference located Rev. Jame.s^ S. Taylor on the Circuit. As that field was not self-sustaining ho travelled extensively itinerating in various sections of the Maritime Pro- vinces and Newfoundland, while Rev. Richard Shepherd, Pastor in Annapolis, ministered frequently on the Digby Circuit in 1847, 1848, 1849, 1850, 1851 and 1852, aided by Revs. William Smithson and George Miller; Rev. Robert A. Chesley, 1852 to his decease, November 27th, 1856, a^^od 39 years, having been thirteen years in the ministry: — Mr. Chesley being ill. Rev. George W. Tuttle was stationed on the Circuit in 1855, continu- ing till summer of 1859; William McCarthy, 1859 to 1863, assisted in 1862 by Rev. B. J. Johnston ; James S. Taylor, 1863 to 1866 ; Stephen F. Hueatis and Ezra B. Moore, 1866 to 1868 William C. Brown, 1868 to 1871 ; James England. 1871 to 1874 Elias Brettle, 1874 to 1879; Robert Wasscm, 1879 to 1881 William Ainley, 1881 to 1884; William H. Heartz, 1884 to 1887 Robert Mc Arthur, 1887 to 1890 ; Josiah Maynard Fisher, 1890 to 1893 ; J. W. Prestwood, 1893 to the publication of this work in 1895. Smith's Cove formed a branch of Digby Circuit since 1840. 414 OEOORAPHY AND HISTORY Digby Keck and Weatport, — Revs. Charles W. T. Dutcher, 1864; Tiionia-s J. Deinstadt. 1867; Thomas Allen, 1S69; Jesse B. Giles, 1871 ; Willmtn Dobson. 1872 to 1874; David Hickey. 1874 to 1875; Richard Williams, 1875 to 1876; Gaorjre M. Johnson, 1876 to 1877 ; Philip H. Robinson, 1879 to 1880; James Sharpe, 1880 to 1882 ; Robert O'Brien Johnson. 1882 to 1884; Thomas C Hooper, 1884 to 1886 ; F. J. Peutlelow, J. W. Prest- wood, 1886 to 1887; F. J. Pentelow, 1887 to 1888; Jalez Appleby, 1888 to 1890 ; Joseph Simpson, 1890 to 1891 ; S. C. Leonard, 1892 to 1894; A. Lund, 1894 Weymouth, including Plympton, Barton, and Bloom field, — Revs, jotham M. Fulton, 1869 to 1870 ; Frederick M. Pickles, 1871 to 1872; George F. Day, 1872 to 1873; Ebenezer E. England, 1873 to 1874 ; John Craig, 1874 to 1875 ; Richard WiTliaras. 1875 to 1876 ; Charles Nicklin, 1876 to 1877; William H. Evans, 1877 to 1878 ; William Ainley. 1879 to 1881 ; George .F. Johnson, 1881 to 1883; J. W. Prestwood, 1883 to 1884; William Shears, 1884 to 1885 ; Thomas C. Hooper, 1885 to 1889 ; J. E. Donkin, 1889 to 1892 ; J. W. Shepherdson, 1892 to 1894 Hillsburgh, i. e. Bear River Village with Clements in An- napolis County, — Revs. Joseph S. Coffin, 1867 ; Frederick W. Harrison, 1837 to 1870; William McCarty, 1870 to 1872 : George M. Barratt, 1872 to 1874; John L. Sponagle, D. D., 1874.to 1876 ; William Sargent, 1876 to 1877: Cranswick Jost, A. M., 1877 to 1880; Caleb Parker, 1880 to 1882; Robert Tweedie, 1882 to 1884; David W. Johnson, A. B., 1884 to 1886 ; F. H. Wright, A. B., 1886 to 1889 ; William C. Brown, 1889 to 1892 ; Joseph Hale, 1892 to 1894. Fe«! B*/ f . ■ Ah ■■ hi '.'■■ \t . Hh! i ,i ' ' '"""fiii ;:•! OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBT 417 Rev. George H. Goudey, 1876 to April, 1878 ; Rev. Warren L. Parker, 1878 to 1884 ; Rev. Lawrence B. Gates, 18S4 to Septem- ber. 1886 ; Rev. Warren L. Parker, 1887 to 1889 ; Rev. William A.J. Bleakney, 1889 to 1892; Rev. William McGregor, 1892 to 1894 inclusive. St Mary's Bay, including Plympton, North and Soiitk Banges, — Rev. Charles Randall, July 4th, 1833 to July 2nd, 1865, assisted at different times by Revs. Israel Potter, Henry Saunders, — Harris Harding Chute, Licentiate and other Travelling Missionaries ; Rev. Lawrence B. Gates, July I7th, 1865 to May 27th, 1870 ; Rev. Aaron Cogswell, October 1st, 1870 to May, 1876; Rev. George H. Goudey, Autumn of 1876 to April. 1878, ordained at Barton, June 7th, 1877 ; Rev. Warren L. Parker, October, 1878 to October, 1882 ; Rev. A. L. Powell, Licentiate, was called to the Pastorate immediately, ordained at Barton over the Churches, October 17th, 1883, but resigned in October, 1885 ; S. C. Sargoant, Licentiate, of Massachusetts, supplied the Church during three months in summer of 1886 ; Rev. Paoli R. Foster, October 1st, 1886 to December 30th, 1888 ; Rev. William A. J. Bleakney, June, 1889 to June 1892 ; J. Henry Davis, Licentiate, June to September, 1892 ; Rev. William McGregor, December 1st, 1892 to year 1894 inclusive. New Tuaket, extending over Hill Settlement, Eastpn, Southville once called New Salem, Rlverdale, Woodville, and Harlem, — Rev. Charles Randall, July, 1832 to July 2nd, 1875 ; Revs. Jos. D. Skinner and George H. Goudey, Licentiate of Deerfield or Third Yarmouth Church, Evangelist Missionaries, March, 1876 ; Rev. Warren L. Parker, Missionary in Spring of 1878 ; Rev. Jos. D. Skinner, Missionary, 1879 ; Rev. Adoniram J. Cogswell, 1879 to 1880 ; Rev. William Spencer, 1881 to 1888 ; Rev. Warren L. Parker, April to July, 188iS ; George E. Whitman, Licentiate of New Albany Church. Missionary in summer of 1889 ; Rev. John Rowe, 1890 to 1892 ; Rev. John Williams, 1892 to 1893 ; Rev. H. A. Gitiin. 1894. Beaver River, — This Church instituted August, 22nd, 1846, comprised members living in Brookville and ut Beaver River Corner, Digby County with others who resided along shore of St. Mary's Bay in Yarmouth Township ; they jointly worshipped in a Chapel on northwestern side of Post Road about one quarter mile southwest of Digby County Line, until it was burned in 1879; Jonathan Raymond elected Deacon of Second Yarmouth Church at its formation, April 15th, 1837, and Samuel Crosby chosen to that office in 1839, were first Deacons of Beaver River 418 OEOORAPHT AND HISTORY Church. Besides frequent services in Beaver River School House by Elder Harris Harding of Yarmouth before 1846, aided on numerous occasions by his Co-Pastor, Rev. William Burton, and various itinerants, the new Church bravely maintained separate ministers from its establishment, thoujjh the Free Will Baptists had a Church on s»xme territory, with a house of worship somewhat .southerly of Digby Line, and another between Spring- field and Cedar Lake having a Temperance Hall in .second story, like the Union Church and Hall Building at Brookville, erected about 1870, and open to both sectj of Baptists. The following officiated as Pastors in Baptist Church of Beaver River for the several periods following their respsctive names : Rev. William Burton, August 22nd, 1846 to close of year 1847; Rev. Henry Saunders, 1848 to 1852 ; Rev. Thomas C. DeLong, 1853 to 1861 ; Rev. Aaron 0)gswell, 1862 to 1872 ; Rev. Joseph H. Saunders, 1872 to 1875; Rev. Joseph D. Skinner, 1875 to 1876; Rev. George B. Titus, 1876 to 1884; Rev. James L DeWolfe, A. M., 1884 to 1888 ; Rev. D. H. Simpson. B. D., 1888 to 1889 ; Rev. W. H. Robinson, 1889 to 1893; Rev. Ralph E. Guilison, 1893 and part of 1894 ; J^ev. Frank Beattie latter months of 1894. The new Baptist Chapel on northeastern side of Post Road a few rods east of Yarmouth County Line, was erected and dedi- cated in 1886. Originally, the few coloured residents around Grand and Little Jogw'ns with some in Jordantown so called from Rev. Charles Jordan .a Baptist minister who lived on northern side of the Cross Road between Marshalltown and Hill Grove, a short distance south of Smelt Brook, who became Baptists, were members of Digby Joggins or Hill Grove Church ; but in 1853, at their own request. Dismissions were granted them, and the Digby African Baptist Church was formed, — James Wilmot, and Williim Mansfield, Deacons ; Joseph Francis and Israel Francis, Elders ; Charles Jordan, Clerk. They built a Chapel about 1870 on western side of Digby and Annapolis Post Road,.nearly thirty rods south of Faulkner Highway. The site was furnisheM .■•'1 m ;v< ;!? 1 'I U| I il *■■'..•! If; ■m J :, ^•^,ij OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBY. 421 M. Tozier had charge of the fields. Missionaries nevertheless continued to visit the Churches, and labor for their spiritual advancement. DISCIPLES OF CHRIST. Like the Adventists, itinerants jurneyed from village to flettlement, exhorting, immersing converts, and otherwise minis- tering to needs of the Churches. Elders Donald Crawford George Garratty, A. Greenlaw, \V. S, Patterson, Harris Greenlaw and others, comprised this class. Elders E. C. Ford and H. A. Devoe were successively Pastors on Brier Island and at Tiverton ; Elder Joseph A. Gates officiated some years over the Churches of Southville and South Range. Elder H. A. Devoe is now in charge on latter Circuit. About the year 1875, a Reformed Episcopal Church was oi^anized in town of Digby, composed of some members of "Trinity" adverse to High Church customs. Many of these were wealthy and influential. They included late Hon. Edwin R. Oakes, M. L. C, Hon. Alfred W. Savary, ex-M. P., soon afterward Judge of the County Courts for Annapolis, Digby, and Yarmouth. Daniel, son of Jo.shua S. Hawkesworth, Esq., the very enterpris- ing Tanner, Boot and Shoe Manufacturer ; John A. Clinton, Esq.^ Tailor, be.sides many others. They speedily purchased that part of the original William McDormand, Lot situated on north eastern corner of Montague Row and Mount Street for a place of Worship. While these preliminaries were progressing. Rev. William Maguire was engaged as Rector, who held services in Temperance Hall opposite side of Montague Street, on Sundays during following year. The corner stone of St. Paul's Church was laid with appropriate ceremonies, August 23rd, 1876, and completed same year. Rev. John Rhodes Furey was Ptistor in 1878 ; Rev. J. Lavelle in 1879. Deaths and removals from town having deprived the Church of several wealthy adherents, the congregation soon became distributed among the other Churches ; and the beautiful, commodious edifice was eventually sold to the Baptists for $7000 ; less than one-half its cost. On 10th day of ' January, 1886, it was formally dedicated as their House of Wor- ship, and is still occupied by latter denomination. They also purchased the old Snodgrass Homestead adjoining on the north for a new Vestry. Hence, the spot where Rev. Peter Cranduli preached first discourse by a Baptist in the County town, is adorned by a Church of that denomination ; while the residence of that Magistrate who then protected the preacher, is selected as the Baptist Hall. The Parsonage is in rear of the Chapel. ji^ 422 QEOORAPHT AND HISTORY dedKoatS. ^""^^^ Temperance Hall of the Company thus Q. The Presbyterian8 purchased former Brtptist Chapel on Queen Street for the.r services Rev. R. S. VVhidden. Pastor at Annap^ oha and Bndoetown, holds services there rccasionally. ^ The Womens* Christian Temperance Union formed in Ditrbv several years since, opened a Library and Reading Room each o^BTrT 5?r. r'"'"^'/r P' ^""u^'*>^^' «" house on west sfde of Birch Street, second door n.>rth of Railway Crossin.. A Kefreshment Room was connected therewith. '^' • betlt'ct^ranWo'ey^^ '" ""^ '''' '^^''' ^'''^^'^ APPENDIX K.—Part I. ROLLS OF GOVERNMENT OFFICERS. Collectors of Impost and Exercise, of Customs and Li his death, 30th of following July ; Colin Canipbell, Jr., his son, from latter date to April, 1845 ; Cereno P. Jones, April 5, 1845 to 1876 ; C. D. Jones, 1876 to lfl94 inclusive. These five were the only Post or Way Offices erected by Imperial Government in the County. Since transference of management to Colonial authorities, the followinjif were established ; — Barton, originally Specht's Cove, established April 1, 1869, Lauchlan McKay, first Puatmastcr ; Bear River, west side, June 1, 1870, Valentino T. Hard wick ; Beaver River, December 18, 1860, Robert N. Beveridge ; Beaver River Comer, April 1, 1869, William S. Raymond, succeeded at his decease by Zephaniah Porter, followed in 1879 by Mr.«. L. J. Raymond, and was relieved later by Philip Doty. Belliveaux Cove, July 1, 1856, Mathurine LeBlanc, succeeded by present officer, , Urbain Belliveau, Merchant, Nov. 1,1863; Bloomjidd, 1884, Halliburton Jones, still in charge. Brighton, originally "Head of St Mary's Bay." April 1, 1861, William H Young, assumed supervision, followed in 1881 by the widow, Elizalieth J. Young, who yet holds the position. Cedar Lake, Julv, 1862, Ambrose Poole, succeeded at demise by the widow Eliza A. (Winchester) Poole, who in turn was relieved at her removal from the hamlet by Daniel Bethune. Central Grove, 1886, William A. Powell. Centreville, originally Trout Cove, April 1st, 1859, James Morehouse, jr., succeeded in 1873 by Mrs. M. J. Morehouse, followed in 1875 by Charles H. Denton, when the name was changed to "Centreville"; — Solomon M. Dakin was appointed when last named Postmaster, removed to Lower Ross way, and is still in charge. Church Point, — January 1st, 1856, Clement Mande, Melanc >, Merchant, till his death in autumn of 1884; Louis A. Melancon, from 1884 to 1895 at least. • Comeauville, originally Clare, 1841, Augustine P. Comeau, brother of Hon. A. F. Comeau, now 81 years old, still in commission. Concession, 1886, Peter Douc^tt, yet in chaige. Courberie, 1878, Ambroise P. Melancon, still in charge. Cultoden, 1884, Robert Wilson, Jr., to 1888, Davii Post, 1888 to present. Freeport, originally Long Island, July 6, 185 1, as a Way Office, changed July l,'l864, to Post Office, John W. Powell, Way Office Keeper ; James W. Eldridge, July 1, 1864, to his removal from the County in 1886, when Samuel Haines I ecame Post- Si!! -•■. ' ■ ' . 'T in ' . '■ . ■ !» ■ . I J W WJW 486 QIOORAPUY AND HISTORY I roaster, who was succeedol at h\% death hy Albert F. Outhouse ; OUbert Cove, July 1. 1859, Henry S. Mnllett, till 1880, when Robert Donahue succeeded him : Gvomhch Coques, 1878, Irvine A. Lovett, foUowed later by Felijc X. Vautour ; H unset t, WWVuwu H&ssetc, Jr., to his death, Novenjber 2, 1892, Axuns S. Barr wan appointed soon afterwards ; Havelock, 1873, John O. Nowlun ; Hectanooga, July 1, 1887 ; Donald D, McQunrrie, till his reujoval from the village, 1890, when E. Archibald succeeded ; Hill Grove, originally IlalnHville, 1876, William H. Haines to April 1, 1892, when it was removed to Hdl Grove, name changeHe was relieved by George J. Hoyt, the present officer, in 187Y. APPENDIX L. Part I. PROVINCIAL OFFICERS FOR COUNTY OF ANNAPOLIS. High Shenffs. — The Provost Marshal, Major John Fenton, or Col. William Shaw, successively performed such duties throughout the Province, either personally or by Deputy, lung after the pre-Lnyalist immigration from New England of 1760 to 1762. In 1776 the Statute authorizing the appointment of a High Sheriff for each County annually, was enacted by the Provincial Parliament, subject to sanction of the Sovereign. This approval was not received for several years. Col. William Shaw, M. P. P., discharged the functions in person or by Deputy till 1782, when Phineas Lovett, Jr., was commissioned High Sheriff over the ancient County of Annapolis, continuing two years. In 1784, Robert Tucker, M. D., was appointed, serving till his death in latter part of 1789. Robert Dickson, a Loyalist, who owned both Town and iarm lots in Digby Township, became his successor, officiating two years. William Winniett, Jr., was Sheriff in 1792. 1793, and 1794 ; from 1795 to 1804, Robert Dickson ; William Winniett was again commissioned in 1805, and held the office until 1820, whbn John Burkett the Marshalltown Loyalist, who had meanwhile removed to Annapolis, held the position, but he tlied in following year. Alexander Burkett, his son, served till close of that year. William Winniett was once more selected, and officiated till his last illness, which proved fatal on 4th of Dec, 1824. Edward H. Cutler was appointed mHVMMnOI 428 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY Oct 30th, 1S24, i\nd performed the functions till close of 1847. The County of Bijsjby having been separated from Annapolis, and constiinted a distinct shire in 1837, no further entries on this gnnt are necessary. The duties in Western District — Clements, igby, ttnA Clare — were generally discharged by a Deputy chosen by the superior officer, — Benjamin Lawrence, John Stewart, John Morford, and Jacob Roup, Jr., successively held that po.sition from 1783 to 1839. inclusive. ■>"' of Common Pleas. — At its n Hoare, Jn.seph Winniett, Sr., D rson, Esquires, were commis- _.nd the first named was also Judges of the Inferior €-r.. establishment in 1761, Col. J t.a; Capt. Henry Evans, and Jof, oh aioued for County of Annapon., constituted Chief Justice of that Court, and ex-offi,cio — President of the Court of General S^s.sions of the Peace in and for the County of Annapolis, Thoma.-> Williams, Jr., was appointed in 1769 instead of Co!. Hoare removed from the County, probably to Halifax ; Joseph W^inniett resigned his commission in 1770, l)eing succeeded as Chiei' Justice and President of the General Sessions by Capt. Henry Evans, the Senior remaininp; Justice, who officiated till his decease on 3rd of November, 1782, being then succeeded by Col. Thoma.*? Willinms — Joseph Dyson having died previously. Joseph Wmniett was reappointed one of the Justices, and later became again Chief Justice, which he held till his death, December 3rd, 1789. Alexander Howe, Thomas Barclay, David Seabury , and Thom&s Milledge were commissioned before year 1793. In 1S06, Alexander Howe, Thomas Milledge, and JosJah Jones comprised the Bench. Andrew Snodgrass was added in February, 1807 ; in 1312, Elisha Budd was enrolled. In 1822, Josiah Jones, (Jkief Justice ; Andrew Snodgra.ss, Elkanah Morton, and John Warwick were the Judges. Cereno Upham Jones and William Franklin Bonneil, Sr., were added during following year. In 1824, the old Counties of Arnapolis and Shelburn6 were by Act of Colonial Parliament, created Western Division of the Province ; and Thomas Ritchie com missioned Chief Justice, and also President of the C6urt.<» of General Sessions of the Peace within that Division, instead of the Senior or Chief Justice for each County, us formerly arranged. Surrogate Judges of Pvohate. — Previous to 1763, the settle- ment of Estates left by decea.sed inhabitants of the Colony, was vested in the Governor and hi.4 ^:»imcil ; but a Court of Probate being established in every County, Col. Jonathan Hoare was ftppoiated Judge for County of Annapolis, The first entry bears date October 12th, 1763. In 1768, Col. Hoare '.s nom deplume appears in the Record Book for last; time ; and Marmaduke L. '. iii'' T - f 1 i i ) i i 1 t f ii i ! 1 i il 1 , 1 y "M 11! t X '« L La. OF TH'' COUNTY Of DIGBY. 429 Laraont officiated till his removal to Jamaica, being succeeded in 1776 by Joseph Winniett, Sr. William Winniett, Sr., was appointed in 1790, continuing till his decease in 1824. Meanwhile, a separate Court of Probate had been opened in Digby for Western District of the County, whose earliest record bears date July 20th, 1810. Judge.— Elk&n&h Morton from 1810 to 1837. Regiati'ars of Probate. — B. Atherton, 1763 to 1771 ; Joseph Winniett, 1771 to 1776 ; William Winniett, Sr., 1776 forward. For Western District. — John Elkanah Morton, July 20th," 1810, to his death, April 17th, 1835 ; Lemuel Dean Morton, 1833 to formation of Digby County. Deputy Registrars of Deeds. — Marmaduke L. Lamont, Joseph Winniett, Sr., successively. For Western District. — James Wilmot, March 16th, 1785, to year 1802 ; Elkanah Morton, 1802 to December 19th, 1826, when he made his last Entry in the Registry Book. Another office had been opened in Sissiboo now Weymouth on 1st of January, 1790, to accommodate the citizens of Clare and Weymonth, Stephen Jones, Loyalist, Registrar. The office in Digby was amalgamated with that of Weymouth, which became henceforth the sole Registry for Western District till 1837 ; and has since continued to be such for the County of Digby. That Union of Registries was effected December 19th, 1826, by transference of the Digby Books and Documents to the newer office in centre of the District, and an entry in Record Book then in use by Stephen Jones, the Registrar for Western District. In 1828, Guy Carleton Jones succeeded his father as Registrar, holding the portfolio till establishment of Digby County in 1837. Justices of the Peace. — John Adams, William Skene, and William Shirreff, members of the Honourable the Council of His Excellency the Governor of the Province of Nova Scotia, in Annapolis — Capital of the Colony — commissioned March, 1727, to form a Civil Court; — and they were required to submit all Official Proceedings to the Governor for confirmation : — Prudent Robichaud, Sr., commissioned on fifth of April, 1727 ; — Edward How, afterwards Commissary of Provisions, added in 1735 ; — Capt. Christopher Aldridge, of Fortieth Regiment; — Major John Handfield, commissioned in 1751 ; — Col. Jonathan Hoare, com- missioned in 1754; — Major Erasmus James Phillips, appointed in 430 OEOORAPHY AND HISTORV 1759 for the Province-at-lrtrge : — Joseph Winniett, Sr., Commis- sioned in 1759 for the County of Annapolis ; — Joseph Dvson, Capt Henry Evans, Thomas Walker, John Steele, M. D., Joseph Patten, John Hall, Col. Henry Munro, Phineas Lovett, Sr, Christopher Prince, Sr., — coniniissioned in 1770 the first Justice of the Peace who resided within present County of Diorby ; — John Morrison, Jr., Rev. John Wiswell, Thomas Parker, John Dunn, Philip Richardson, Andrew Hamilton, Samuel Katherns, Col. Williaui Shaw, John Ritchie, Peter Pineo, Col. James De Lancey, Benjamin James, Major Thomas Barclay, Major Thomas Milledge — accorded the Rank and Precedence held by him in the former Province of New Jersey ; — Major Daniel Isaac Brown, • Isaac Bonnell, Samuel Chcsley, Capt. Richard Hill, Major Robert Timpany, Lewis DeMolitor, Col. James Allen, Benjamin Chesley. "William McNeill, Anthony George Kysch, Alexander Howe, Col. Samuel Gouldsbury, Josiah Jones, Thomas Bannister, Neill Mc- Keill, Sr., Terence Kerin, Christopher Benson, Sr., Andrew Snodgrass, Stephen Jones, Simeon Jone.s, Edward Thome, Wm. Winniett, Col David Seabury, Richard Ruggles, Phineas Lovett, Jr., Benjamin Prince, Aimable Doucc^t, Thomas Cornwall, Walter Willett, Moses Shaw, Sr., Robert FitzRandolph, Thomas Williams, Jr., Benjamin Dodge, Henry Rutherford, Andrew Ritchie, John Ruggles, Elkanah Morton, John Morehouse, Reuben Hankinson, Sr., Rev. Jean Mand^tus Sigogne, Elisha Budd, Douwc Ditmars, Rev. John Wiswell, William Jones, John K. Boyce, Rev. Roger Viets, Thomas Ritchie, son of Andrew, Rev, John Milledge, Edward H. Cutler, Rev. Cyrus Perkins, Joseph Devereux, John F.Hughes Lawrence Sneeden, John Wiswell, Jr., Elias Wheelock, Weston Hicks, Bartholomew Haines. Sr, WMlliam F. Bimnell, Sr., Charles Jones, Samuel Campbell, William H. Roach, Cereno U. Jones, Ans^lm Douc^t, John Ditmars, Joseph FitzRandolph, Charles McCarthy, Charles Budd, Colin Campbell, Sr., Benjamin Potter, John Robin.son, William Spurr, Phineas Lovett, 3rd, Elisha Payson, Sr. They include all resident in ancient County, from 1727 to 1800, with all in Western District from latter date to inception of Digby County, April 21st, 1837, with some others. Commissioner of Public Lands for Western District, appointed about 1823, — Cereno U. Jones, Charles McCarthy, and Samuel Campbell. Commissioners of Schools, originally appointed in 1829; — Rev. Roger M. Viets, Elkanah Morton, Wm. F. Bonnell, Sr., Cereno U. Jones, and Charles .McCarthy : Charles Budd was added ir 1835. Siivanus Snow, William Young. James R Lovett, and David Hall wore Coroners for ohl County of Annapolis. OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 431 APPENDIX L. Part II. i 'i [J, 1 •! |i!i!- iiilii COUNTY OF DIGBY. High Sheriffs.— Jacob Roup, 1839 to 1851 ; John K. Viets, 1851 to 1869 ; Peleg W. Smith, M. D., 1869 to 1878 ; William H. Taylor, 1878, to his death, January 14th, 1882; Benjamin Van Blarcoiti, 1882 to 1894, inclusive. Judges Court of Common Pleas. — Elkanah Morton, Cereno U. Jones, William F. Bonnell, Sr. ; Charles Budd was appointed later, vice Bonnell, deceased. ^ '- ' Barristers and Attornies, — Terence Kerin, Geo. K. Nichols, Lemuel D. Morton; James A. Dennison, John Chipman Wade, Q. C, James Dennison, Jr., Alfred William Savary, Thomas C. Shreve, Q. C, Robert G. Monroe, Q. C, John M. Viets, Allan V. Wade, Frank Jones, Henry H, Wickwire, Edward Ellershaw, E. Hart Nichols, Jr., — all citizens of Digby : George Dennison, John M. Viets, Joseph A. Smith, Ernest H. Armstrong, John Arthur Grierson, Weymouth. Prothonotaries and Clerks of the Crown. — Phineas Lovett, 3rd, 1837 to 1841 ; Henry Stewart, 1841 to 1867 ; William B. Stewart, 1867 to 1894 inclusive. Judges of Probate. — Elkanah Morton, 1837 to 1841 ; Lemuel D. Morton, 1841 to 1849 ; James A. Dennison, 1849 to 1886 ; John Holdsworth, 1886 to the present. Registrars of Probate. — Lemuel D. Morton, 1837 to 1842; Charles Budd, November 8th, 1842 to 1884 ; F. W. Ruggles, 1884 to 1886 ; Frances Hutchinson, 1886 to 1894 inclusive. Registrars of Deeds. — Guy Carleton Jones, 1837 to his demise, March 10th, 1864 ; Colin Campbell, Jr., March 30th, 1864 to his death, 1877 ; Charles McC. Campbell, 1877 to 1890; John S. McNeill, 1890 to 1894 inclusive. Justices of the Peace. — Elkanah Morton, Phineas Lovett, 3rd, Charl&s'Budd, John Robinson, Cereno U. Jones, Samuel Campbell, Colin Campbell, Sr, Elisha Payson, Sr., Rev. Jean M. Segogne, Anselm Douc^t, Benjamin Potter, Charles McCarthy, James Mc- Renna, (Weymouth,) John Ward, John McNeill, Sr, Frederick A. Robicheau, James Harris, Edward Hegan, James B. If- I IS* 482 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 1 > • 1 . ' 1 ■ t, 1 Holdsworth, Anselm F. Comeau, James H. FitzRamlolph, Stephen Payson, Edward A. Jones, William Nicholl, Sr., Robert Journeay, Jones Morehouse, Sr., John Oliver Vail, Thomas Ruggles, Henry Charlton Sabean, Sr., Thomas O'Brien, Daniel Dakin, Joseph Bancroft, Holland E. Payson, Edward Manning Marshall, William B. Bent, Major R. Hutchinson, Edward Hardwick, John Eldridge, Sr., Benjamin H. Ruggles, Ross 0. C. Fanning, Sabine Savary, John Hogan, Francois Bourneuf, William Saunders, (Sandy Cove,) Lauchlin McKay, Alexander Hardwick, Luke Quinn, Edward Everett, John Dakin, Nathan Tapper, Edward Kingslcy Timpany, Robert Uankinson, Artemus Odell, Basil Robicheau, Sr., Reuben Perry, Ira Raymond, Bonaventure Robicheau, Charles R. Crowley, Sterns Jones. John Donnegan, Mendal Crocker, Sr., William McKay, Edward H. Oakes. Jacob Dakin, Jr., George Henderson, David Rice, Sr, William Freeman Marshall, George Cosseboom, George B. Potter, David Welch, Patrick Knowlan, James Stewart, Louis Q. Bourque, John B. Melancon, Mathurin Robicheau, John V.Purdy, William Aymar, William F. Potter, Edward J. Haines, Lazore (Lazarus") Mallett, George Taylor, Sr., Patrick McGirr, Felix Deveau, Jr., Jesse Harris, William Coggins, John Haines, Isaiah Thurber, Benjamin VanBlarcom, Thomas B. Tooker, John W. Wright, Benjamin Hardy, George Denton, John Willoughby Powell, Samuel T. Bacon, Avit Amirault, James H. Jones, Edwin Randolph Oakes, David Morehouse, Ed wan I W, Potter, William Lent, Alexander D. Hoyt, John Sears McNeill, Abner Morse, Israel Dunn, Hubbard Davis, Quintenus Robicheau, Angil Blino, William Denton, Charles H. Denton, William Hankinson, Sr., Byron P. Ladd, Thomas O'Singer, James Morehouse, Jr., Richard •Sanderson, James H. Roop, Nicholas Deveau. Jones H. Morehouse, Robert K. Timpany, William H. Taylor, John Welsh, Charles E. Everett, Robert Reed, Anselm M. Comeau, James H. Morehouse, John Harlow, George A. Purdy, Edward J. Budd, Ansel B. Holdsworth, Francis Hutchinson, David Cowan, James E. Delap, Jean P. Thibedeau, George W. Perry, Henry Goldfinch, John A. Smith, William Warner, Sr., Daniel 1). Morton, William Mullen, John M. Smith, Edward Hogan, John D, Hayter, Samuel Saunders, Wesley Outhouse, Urbain Douc^tt, Fiddle Gaudet, Luke Doucette, Robert FizRandolph, Jasper Journeay, Collins Johnson, Eliakim E. Tupper, Joseph W. Denton, Stephen West- cott, E«lward C. Bowers, F. W. Ruggles, Charles Saunders, Ephraim A. Bacon, William Nicholl, Jr., William H. Dahlgren, Edmund Burnham, Edward E. Rice, George H. Dunbar, John G. Nowlan, Lovekin Hilton, John Hood, Charles E. Gill" .nd, John R. Hunt, William H. Haines, Henry C. Sabean, Jr., James A Hughes, Charles R. McDonald, John Holdsworth, John B OP THE COUNTY OP DIGBY. 483 % [•■!\HI if t ■ ■ 'SI i'" ■Mm': i^ ■■■ I Vs '•''■''\- Letteney, George K. N. Budd, Hilaire Melan^on, George Germain, William H. Tedford, William M. B. Dakin, Nathaniel R. Westcott, Solomon M. Dakin, Whitfield Outhouse, Alpheus Marshall, (of South Range,) Asa Porter, Jr., Nathaniel E. Butler, Colin Camp- bell, 3rd, Charles McC. Campbell, James W. Eldridge, James W. Eldridge, James Collins, Obed H. Glavin, Capt. Joseph D. Payson, Wallace C. Denton, George F. Stone, William H. Sabine, Francois X. Vautour, Olivier A. Soueie» William Darbison, John Dunkley, John A. Russell, John A. Clinton, James E. Gilliland, J. Edgar Jones, M. D., Abraham Kinney, John Crowley, James S. Bingay, Henry Blakeslee, Watson Saunders, Aufrustin A. Comeau, Nathan J. Thurber, George Bishop, Robert Bishop, J. Wells. McGregor, William 0. Theall, Walter Walsh, Abraham L. Gavel, William Handley, Joshua Reed, Anselm M. Comeau, John E. Comeau, John Kinney, Ambroise A. Comeau, Bernard Havey, Ambroise H. Comeau, Francois J. G. Comeau, Jeremiah Mc- Laughlin. Jacob S. Allen, George M. White, Louis J. Bonnafant Jr., Peter Killilea, Jr., George M. Warner, Isaac LeBlanc, Neill McNeill, 3rd, William A. Cann, Augustin D. MelanQon, Charles Burrill, Sylvain L. Comeau, Charles H. Butler, William J. Foley, James A. Taylor. Clerks of the Peace. — Henry Stew.:rt, 1837 to his death, July 7th, 1867; he was a son of John Stewart the Loyalist and Deputy Sheriff, a nephew of Matthew Stewart, Loyalist ; William B. Stewart, son of Henry, 1867 to abolition of the Court of General Sessions of the Peace in 1879. Regiatrara of Deeds, Wills, Mortgagea, Boncla, and Judg- menta. — Guy Carieton Jones, 1837 to his death, March 10th, 1864 ; he was a son of Stephen Jones the Loyalist and first Registrar of Deeds at Weymouth, commencing January 1st, 1790 ; Colin Campbell, Jr., 1864 to his demise, in 1878 ; Charles McC. Campbell, August 1 nth, 1870 to his decease about commencement of 1890 ; Mrs. Elizabeth Campbell and Earnest H. Armstrong, A. B., Acting Registrars till May 5th, 1890 ; John S. McNeill, May 5th, 1S90 to the present, 1898, at least. t.> Jfe^'i Commissioners of Schools. — Rev. Roger M. Viets, B. A. — Cereno U. Jones, Charles McCarthy, Charles Budd, and John Robinson, Esqs., were appointed for the County shortl}' after its separation from Annapolis, and this system continued about seven years. In 1845 the following two Boards were in existence: — For the District of Digby, comprising Hillsburgh, Digby, Wey- mouth and Westport Towr^ships; — Rev. William Bullock, — Cereno U. Jones. Charles Budd, James H. FitzRandolph, and 484 OEOORAPUT AND HISTORY John Robinson, Esqs. Since that pcriorl, the undennentioned clerical and lay gentlemen have been at difTercnt times appointed School Commissioners for this District — Revs. Charles Randall, John C. Morse, D. D, Robert A. Chesley, Archibald Gray, B. A., Edward Bntler, Philip J. Filleul. A. B.. William McCarty, Henry P. Almon, Harry L. Yewens, Stephen F. Huestis, John F. Tooker, William Walsh, James F. Brennan, Joseph H. Saunders, M. J. Driscoll; Benjamin H. Ru^jgles, Alexander Hardwick, John S. Mallett, James Annand, Stephen Marshall, (of Marshalltovvn,) James A. Dennison, Georgo Henderson, William F. Potter, William H. Taylor, John S. McNeill, John Milbury, Calvin Raymond, Robert S. FitzRand-jIph, Ansel B. Holdsworth, Cereno D. Jones, Alexander D. Hoyt, George H. Dunbar, Elisha Paysun, Edmund Buruham, John F. Saunders, John Dorccy. BOARDS OF SCHOOL COMMISSIONERS. DialHct of Clare, — (Comprising that Township as defined by Grants and ext»;nded l»y Custom, crystalized into Common Law. — ) Rev. Z. L'Evcque — Charles McCarthy, Francois Lambert Bour- peuf, M. P. P., Benjamin Belliveau, Sr., Charles M. Belliveau, and Josiah Porter, Esqs., appointed in 1845; — others appointed at different periods since that date ; — Revs. Dennis Geary, William McLeod, P. L. Madden, Joseph P. Roles, E. F. Blanchette, James Daly, John J. Quinan, Davii';;an her distinct career. Sydney wa.s named " Antigonish " in 1803. Electinn.H for members of the House from its commencement in year 1758 to 1778 were held by the Provost Marshul, who exercised authority over the whole Province, and perfortnod the duties now assigned to High Sheriffs of Counties. He would, for instance, open trie Poll at Annapolis for County Representatives, on a Monday morning at ten o'clock, continuing by adjournments four days; then proceed to Dighy, where two more w«tuM be occupied in the same manner; thence at Sissiboo a similar period. For Townships, the Poll was held four days in the principal town of the particular constituency. Under a statute, enacted March, 27th, 1840, sub-sections twenty, twenty-one, anrl twenty-two, recorded on page fifty-eight, Acts of 1840, the durations of Polls were thus amended : — for County Elections, — six days in Digby Court House, four additional in some convenient building near Meteghan Chapel ; ♦" ■ Digby Township member, — six days at County Court Honst -For the new Constituency named " Town- ship of Clare," — Poll to be held near the Chapel in Metoghan four days. As in many other cases, experience soon suggested further improvements. March 17th, 1847, the "Act to improve the Law relating to the Election of Representatives to serve in the (leneral Assembly," often styled the Simultaneous Polling Act," superseded all former regulations. It empowered the General Sessions of Digby County at next Term to divide the entire County into Polling Districts for election purposes. Twelve Districts as follows, styled Municipal Wards since 1879, were accordingly constituted : — No. 1. HiLLSBURGH. — Comprising that Township. 2. Head or oT. Mary's Bay, now Marshalltown. — Extend- ed westwardly of a Line drawn from Keen's Corner contluence of Faulkner Highway with old Digby and Yarmouth Post Road in a direct course southerly to summit of Craige's Hill ; thence eastwardly to Hillsburgh Township Line ; thence south twenty- four Degrees East following latter boundary to rear of Hatfield Grant; thence westwardly along Ba.se Luie of said Grant to Boundary between Digby and Weymouth Townships ; tlionct; following latter Division to St. Mary's Bay ; from thence follow- 438 OEOORAPHY AND HISTORY ing course of sai*! Buy ti its head ; anri from latter point to Keen's Corner afore.suiil. After the Town of Digby was incor- porated, these portions of Dicfby Polling District or Municipal Ward No. 3, outside the corporation limits, and lying west and southwest of a Line comn, "ticing at the shore on the west side of Digby Basin at the boundary Line of the properties of the lato John W. Wright and the late William Snow ; thence westwunlly along the southern Boundary of lands of the said John W. Wright till it strikes the Light Houi-e Road ; thence south along the eastern side of said Light House Road till it strikes the northern end of the Cemetery Road ; thenoe running south along said Road to the shores of the Joggins ; Comprehending Valley of both these inlets, and south and south-east of the following Line: —Commencing on the Cemetery Road at a point where the middle Line of the Extension of Church Street through the Common strikes the same ; thence southwestwardly parallel with the Road leailing I'roin the end of Prince William Street to Digby Neck until it strikes the first Cross Road leading frora the St. Mary's Bay Road to Digby Neck Road ; and thence on the same course to tlie northern Boundary Line of said Polling District No. 2," — were added to Marshalltown Ward No 2, by Section 1 of a Provincial Statute passed April 15th, 18ijO. No. 3. Digby. — From Western Boundary of HiMsburgh Township to foregoing Line of No. 2 to summit of Craige's Hill ; thtnce along eastern boundary of No. 2 to Keen's Corner; thence following said Line to head of St. Mary's Bay ; thence along northwestern side of said Hay to a point parallel with junction of Post Road from Digby to Petite Passage and Highway to Gulliver's Cove Road ; thence northwestwardly following western Line of that Road to the western Lino of Timpany Block, next west of Gulliver's Cov e Road ; thence northwestwardly fo' lowing latter Boundary to the Bay of Fundy ; thence following the courses of said Bay and Annapolis Basin to Hillsburgh Line at Head of Grand Joggin. No. 4. Sandy Cove. — All that portion of Digby Neck lying between western Line of Timpany Block ami Petite Passage. No. 5. Long Lsland. — Comprising its entire liraito. No. 6. Westport. — Comprehending Brier Island. No. 7. On St. Mary's Bay, now Plympton. — Extended from eastern Line of Weymouth Township westvvardly to Doty Road in Kinneytown, and a straight Line therefrom to Sissiboo River :ii OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 439 WW ill!!:! ■•HHfi|j 14-; No. 8. Weymouth,— From Doty Road and lost mimed Line westwardly to eastern boundary of Clare Township. No. 9. Township Line, now Belliveau's Cove. — From enntern Boiimlury of Clare westwardly to the "Colonel " (Anselm) " Doucet Road ;' thence followinj; that Highway southerly to its intersection with the "Back Roai«l " (or .street west limit of Dighy Town Extension) "at a point where the middle Line of the Extension of Church Street through the Common strikes the same; thence south- westwardly parallel with the Road leading frouj the end of Prince William Street to Dii^by Neck until it strikes the first Cro.ss Road leadiu;: from the St. Mary's Bay Road to Dighy Nock Road; and iliciice on^he .same course to the northern boundary Line of Pplling District No. 2," as extended by Section 1 of this Act, and running north-westwardly to the eastern Boundary Line of Rossway Municipal Ward No. 15, and northwardly to St. George's Channel and Bay of Fundy. Why the undermentioned was not numbered " 18 " instead of *' 22 " is inexplicable to the Author. No. 22. Weymouth.— By Chapter LUX. Acts of the Provin- cial Parliament, pa.ssed February loth, 1896, " The north-eastern portion of Polling District No. 8, and the south-western portion of Polling District No. 7, in the Municipality of Digby, are hereby parcelled from out .said Districts, and consolidated, and a new Polling Di.strict, to be called Polling District No. 22, in the said Municipality of Digby, is hereby created, beginning at the mouth of the Weymouth River, on the north-eastern side ; thence southerly along said River to Nicholl's Brook," (formerly Hatch's Brook ;) "thence along said Brook in an easterly direction to the North Range Road ; thence north-easterly along said Road to the eastern Line of the Homestead farm of Luke White ;" — (being the original Line between Lots sixty-nine and seventy of Block O, Botsford Grant, — )" thence following said Line to St. Mary's Bay ; thence westerly along said Bay to the place of beginning." This new Ward is to be represented in the Council of Digby Municipality by one Councillor from the next General Election^ to be held November loth, 1898. The foregoing comprises eighteen Polling Districts or Muni- ' cipal Wards alreatly established in the County, represented by the diflerent Councillors. Under powers conferred by the Dominion Franchise, Act 1892, the High Sheriff recently divided a number of those Wards into additional Polling Districts, named and numbered distinctively. They are numbered from " 18 " to " 25," for the Dominion Parliamentary Elections only. , .;1V OP THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 441 APPENDIX N. NOVA SCOTIA PARLIAMEyXS. As the present County of Digby was not colonized during tenure of three earliest Legislatures, their personv^e can properly be omitted. Consequently, the members for County of Anmxpolis are given, until Digby became entirely separate. 1765. FouHTH Parliament.^ — County oj Annapolis, Joseph Winniett, Sr., John Harris, Sr. 1770. Fifth Parliament. — Phineas Lovett, Sr., Joseph Patten. They were succeeded in 1775 by Major William Shaw, and John Hall. The latter vocated his seat by non-attendance at Sessions of the Assembly, and Capt. Henry Evans was chosen, and duly seated June 17, 1777. The latter died November 2, 1782; and in 1783, John Ritchie, father of Thomas Ritchie, afterwards a member, and grandfather of Sir William J. Ritchie, late Chief Justice of the dominion Supreme Court, was elected for remainder of Pailiatnent, which cohtinued from 1770 to November 1, 1785-— about fourteen years, and he' ' seventeen Sessions. Col. Simeon Perkins a member for County of Queen's was however, the only original member remaining when it was dissolved. November, 1785. Sixth Parliament. — County of Annapo- lis, Major Thomas Barclay, Col. David Seabury ; Township of Digby, Major Thomas Milledge. The Writs were now issued for a General Election, returnable on first of succeeding December. During its last convocation, which began November 1st, 1784, ShelburnejCounty comprising Townships of Shelburne,Bamngton, and Yarmouth detached from Queen's County, was established ; and the Act 25, George III, Chapter V, allowing the old Township of Digby to send one Representative to the House of Assembly, received the aignature'of Governor John Parr on Wednesday, December 8th, 1784. Sixth Parliament — Elected in November, 1785. County of Annapolis. — Major Thomas Barclay, Col. David Seabury. County of Cumberland. — John B. Dight, Ch^isto^>her Harper, ii- ! I* 442 OEOCRAPHT AND HISTORY County of Halifax. — Sampson Salter Blowers, John George Pyke, Richard John Uniacke, Michael Wallace. County of Hants. — Benjamin De Wolfe, Winckworfch Tonge. County of King's. — Jonathan Crane, Elijah Lawrence. County of Lunenburg. — Detleb Christopher Jessen, John Wm. Schwartz. County of Queen's. — Simeon Perkins, Benajah Collins. County of Shelbume. — Alexander Leckie, Charles McNeill. Toun of Amherst. — William Freeman. Toum of Annapolis. — Col, Stephen DeLancey. Town of BarriTigton. — Joseph Aplin. Tovra of Goi'nwallis. — Benjamin Belcher. To\un of Digby. — Major Thomas Mi Hedge. Tovm of Falmouth. — Jeremiah Northrup. To^vn of Granville. — Benjamin James. Totun oj Halifax. — John Fillis, William Cochran. Toum of Horton. — Gordon Dennison. Tovm of Liverpool. — Ephraim Dean. Tovm of Londonderry. — James Smith. Toum of Lunenburg. — Casper Woollenhaupt. Tovm of Newport. — John Day. Tovm of Onslow. — Charles Dickson. Tovm of Shelbume. — Isaac Wilkins. Tovm of Truro. — Matthew Archibald. Town of WiTidsor. — John McMonagle. Tovm of Yarmouth. — Samuel Sheldon Poole. hi i* '.; ill;. i! ''■ OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 443 Mr. Blowers was elected Speaker at opening of first Session, .December 5th, 1785. On s:;venteenth of same month, the follow- ing additional Representatives were sworn and seate>prising Counties of Hants, King's, Queens, and Lunenburg. t !!!■■ I", •' i!" t ,1 t ' I' ■ ' ^1 1! i - " ' Aiv ^ : ■ ■ „ 1 i 1 ■ ' ( i 'ii Imi 't fa ' i*' II ifiii I!! ill! 111:1!' !!i lit lUu !!il!ii r^ 1 OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 447 George IV. having died Junf^ 26th, 1830, a General Election ensued. 1830. Fourteenth Parliament. — County of Annapolis, William H. Roach and John Johnston; Townalup of Digby, Charles Budd. Nov. 1836. Fifteenth Parliament.— Cownfy of Annapotia, Frederick A. Robicheau, William Holland ; Township of Dighy, James Bourne Holdsworth. The Quadrennial Bill limiting a Parliament to four years, was passed in 1838. 1840. Sixteenth Parliament. — County of Dighy, James B. Holdsworth ; Township of Dighy, including Hiilsburgh, Charles Budd ; Township of Clare, Ansel m Francois Comeau. Three years hence, the Assembly was dissolved on " College Question." ^ 1843. Seventeenth Parliament. — County of Dighy, Fran- cois L. Bourneuf , Township of Dighy, Charles Budd ; Township of Clare, Anselm 7. Comeau. 1847. Eighteenth Parliament. — Same members returned. 1851. Nineteenth Parliament.— Cou-niy of Dighy, Francois L. Bourneuf ; Township of Dighy, John Chipman Wade ; Town- ship of Clare, Anselm F. Comeau. 1855. Twentieth Parliament. — Hon. Anselm F. Comeau elevated to the Legislative Council, — the first from Digby County to receive that honor. County of Dighy, Francois L. Bourneuf ; Township of Dighy, John C. Wade ; Township of Clare, Mathurin Robicheau. 1859. Twenty-First Parliament. — County of Dighy, John C. Wade, Mathurin Robicheau, Colin Campbell, 3rd. 1863. Twenty-Second Parliament. — County of Dighy^ John C. Wade, Mathurin Robicheau, Colin Campbell, 3rd, re-elected. John C. Wade, Esq , was Speaker of that Parliament. . 1867. Twenty-Third Parliament. — William B. Vail, Urbain Doucett. Mr. Vail being appointed Provincial Secretary — the first Head of D partment from our County — was unani- mously returned at ensuing Special Election. 1871. Twbnti-Fourth Pareiament. — Hon. William B. AiS OEOORAPHT AND HISTORY Vail, M. R C, Urbain Doucett, re-elected. Colin Campbell, 3rd, vice Hon. William B. Vuil, resigned, in 1874. December, 1874. Twenty-Fifth Parliament. — Colin Camp- bell, 3rd, Henri Marie Robicheau. The former was an Executive Councillor without Portfolio in the ensuing Ministry led by Hon. William H, Smith, a member for County of Queen's. Hon. Edwin R. Oakes of Digby became a Legislative Councill or in 1875. 1879. Twenty-Sixth Parliament. — County of Digby, Benjamin VanBlarcom and Henri M. Uobicheau. . 1882. Twenty-Seventh Parliament. — County of Digby, Henri M. Robicheau and John Sears McNeill. June 15th, 1886. Twenty- I^iohth Parliament. — County of Digby, Henri M. Robicheau and John S. McNeill, re-elected. 1890. Twenty Ninth Parliament. — County of Digby, Eliakim E. Tupper and Ambroiso H. Comeau. 1894 Thirtieth Parliament. — Eliakim E.Tupper, Ambroise H. Comeau, re-elected. The Imperial Parliament of Great Britain and Ireland having p«is8ed the " British North America Act," March 29th, 1867, conntituting the Provinces of Canada West, Canada East, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, the Dominion of Canada, and allowing the County of Digby one Representative in the House of Commons, a lisi< of such members with periods of service, are subjoined : — Alfred William Savary, September 18th, 1867. to July 8th, 1872; Alfred W. Savary, July 20th, 1872 to January 2nd, 1HT4, jl(j*ylii Ilandolph Oakes. January, 1S74. to October, 1874 ; j^«»ll William B. Vail. (Dominion Minister of Militia and Defences, from Nupfcomber 30th. 1874. to January 2Ist, 1878 when he reslHiie*!.) hum October, 1874, to August 17th, 1878; John Chipman Wade, September lOlh, 1878. to Mav 18th. 1882; Hon. William U Vuil, June 20th, 1882, to January loth. 1887; John Irtiiiplii'll l^yiiuary 22nd. 1887, to his death in next spring; :feriifeit l.idd Jones. July 16th, 1887, to February 3rd, 1891; Sdwartl Cliarles Bowers, March 5th. 1891, to close of 1894, at east. tK» OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBY. ' APPENDIX O.— Part l.-A. 449 i; f.' VMt ML . Ill ■ [ i II I' i LIST OF MUNICIPAL COUNCILLORS. Under the Municipal Incorporation Act passed April l7th, 1879, the first General Election of Councillors throughout Nova Scotia, was held on Tuesday, November 18th, 1879. One Coun- cil was created for the Townships of Hillsburgh, Digby, Wey- mouth and Westport, which portion of the County was styled the Municipality of Digby ; while a second Council for Township of Clare as formed by usage, was entrusted with internal business of the Municipality of Clare. They werie originally elected each year, then bi-ennually, later once in three years; as shown by annexed Rolls. APPENDIX 0.— Part I.— B. MUNICIPALITY OF DIGBY. 1879. Polling District No. 1, Hillsburg, Alpheus Marshall ; No. 2, MarshaUtown, William H. Haines; No. 3, Digby, John Holdsworth, George A. K. N. Budd ; No. 4, Sandy Cove, William Gidney ; No. 5, Freeport, Nathan J. Thurber ; No. 6, Westport, George B. Potter ; No. 7, Plympton, Edward P. Specht ; No. 8, Weymouth, George H. Dunbar ; No. 13, Tiverton, John A. Smith ; No. 15, Rossway, Weld Cornwell ; Warden,3ohn Koldsworth. 1880. No. 1, William R. Rice; No. 2. William H. Haines; No. 3, John Hoklsw orth, James A. Hughes ; No. 4, Jones H. Morehouse ; No. 5, Bartholomew R. Haines ; No. 6, George B. Potter; No. 7, John Kinney ; No. 8, George H. Dunbar ; No. 13, James McKay ; No. 15, Charles H. Denton ; No. 16, Sraith's Cove, Capt. Charles Winchester, Warden, John Holdsworth. Under an Act pa.ssed April, 1880, terms of Municipal Councils were fixed at two years. 1882. No. 1, Eliakim E. Tupper, No. 2, Isaac G. Hutchinson ; No. 3. Edward Wassail, John A. Russell ; No. 4, Charles P. Thomas ; No. 5, Bernard Havey ; No. 6, George B, Potter ; No i K 450 OEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY 7, John kinney ; No. 8, Edward Horjun ; No. 13, John A. Smith ; No. 15, Charles H. Denton ; No. 16, Edward W. Potter. Warden, Geo. B. Potter. ' 1884. No. 1, George A. Purdy ; No. 2, Isaac G. Hutchinson ; No. 3, John F. Saunders, Jolm A. Russell ; No. 4, Angus Gidney ; No. 5,, Nathan J. Thurber ; No. 6, George B. Potler; No. 7, Edward P. Specht ; No. 8, George II. Dunbar : No. 13, John A. Smith ; No. 15. Major R. Timpany ; No, 16, Edv, «.d W. Potter. Warden, George Boice Potter. 1886. No. 1, Alpheus Marshall ; No. 2, Nathaniel R, West- cott ; No. 3, Capt. John Daloy and John Ross of Culloden Cove ; No. 4, An^us M. Gidney, Jr. ; No. 5. Bernard Havey ; No. 6, James A. Peters ; No. 7, Joseph S. McNeill ; No. 8, George H.- Dunbar ; No. 13, Charles J. Pyne; No. 15, Charles H. Denton; No. 16, Fenry J. Woodman, Warden, Bernard Havey. 1888. No. 1, Alpheus Marshall; No. 2, Nathaniel R. West- cott ; No. 3, George I. Letteney. J. Edgar Jones, M. D ; No. 4, Angus M. Gidney, Jr. ; No. 5, Nathan J. Thurber; No. 6, James A. Peters ; No. 7, Eben. N. Everett ; No. 8, Edward Hogan ; No. 13, Charles J. Pyne, No. 15, Charles H. Denton ; No. 16, Frank Jones. Warden, Nathaniel R. Westcott. 1890. No. 1, Cereno H. Purdy ; No. 2, Nathaniel R West- cott ; No. 4, Angus M. Gidney, Jr.; No. 5, Nathan J. Thurber; No. 6, Capt. Joseph D. Pay son ; No. 7, George M. Warner ; No. 8, James Dunbar; No. 13, Charles J. Pyne; No. 15, Charles H Denton ; No. 16, Frank Jones ; No. 17, Culloden, Alexander Daley. Warden, Nathaniel R. Westcott. -, 1892. No. 1, Cereno K. Turdy ; No. 2. Nathaniel R. West- cott ; No. 4, William H. Eldridgo; No. 5, Percival Powell; No. 6, Collins Titus ; No. 7, James S. Bingay ; No. 8, James Dunbar; No. 13, Charles J. Pyne, No. 15. Charles H. Denton; No. 16, Frank Jones; No. 17. Alexander Daley. Warden, Nathaniel R. Westcott. 1 ' , . i ^h' ir ■1 ( • • iMHnii 1 ; ^ . ' M ? _'l w ^ 1 ' W %t '■ " ] ■ J. Mi ' : iiii ■ \ '• i! -, ' ' ■ . If: S ^ ■ ii^ ' ;' i '■■■'■1 1 . i 1 ■ ' :; ■ • ' ■ .1 ' [ - "t " - 1 ■1 ,■■.4, i . ,: Si ■ ■■' iii i Is r - -: i j [ ■ ,; ...... ., li If ..;■,; . ■ ■ ,■ -"• i ■■| !;'• ' ^ iii'' Ji ■ 'H! ii '1 ."*.' ■j'j S*k-™ OK THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. APPENDIX O.-Part II. 451 MUxNICIPALITY OF CLARE. 1879. Polling District No. 9, Belliveaux Cove, Peter L. Gaudet; -No. 10, Church Point, Jean F. Bellivcau, Maximime Comeau; No. 11, Meteghan, Felix Deveau, Benjamin H. Robichenu ; No. 12, Salmon River, Nicholas Deveau; No. 14, New Tuaket, Foreman C. Hatfield. Warden, Nicholas Deveau. 1880. No. 9, Peter L. Gaudet; No. 10, Jean B. Belli veau, Maximimc Comeau ; No. 11, Benjamin H. Robicheau, Joseph A. Robicheau; No. 12, Nicholas Deveau ; No. 14, Foreman C. Hat- field. Warden, Nicholas Deveau. 1882. No. 9, Peter L. A. Gaudet; No. 10, Jean B. Belliveau, Louis J. B. Bonafant ; No. 11, Benjamin H. Robicheau, Joseph A. Robicheau; No. 12, Nicholas Deveau; No. 14, Foreman C. Katfield. Warden, Nicholas Deveau. 1884. No. 9, Ambroise H, Theriault; No. 10, Jean B. Belliveau, Louis J. B. Bonnafant; No. 11, Joseph A. Robicheau, Ambroise H. Comeau ; No. 12, Nicholas Deveau ; No. 14, Foreman C Hatfield Warden, Nicholas Deveau. 1886. No. 9, Ambroise H. Theriault ; No. 10, Isaie LeBlanc, Maximime Comeau ; No. 11, Joseph A. Robicheau, Anjbroise H. Comeau ; No. 12, Nicholas Deveau No. 14, Foreman C. Hatfield. Warden, Nicholas Deveau. 1888. No. 9, Charles P. Gaudet; No. 10, Jean B. Belliveau, Jer^mie Gaudet; No. 11, Ambroise H. Comeau, Joseph A. Robicheau ; No. 12, William J. Foley ; No. 14, John G. Nowlan. Warden, A. H. Comeau. ' • 1890. No. 9. Charles P. Gaudet; No. 10, Jean B. Belliveau, Basil Doucett ; No. 11, Vincent T. Saulnier, Pierre F. Deveau; No. 12, Nicholas Deveau ; No. 14, John G. Nowlan. Warden, Nicholas Deveau. 1892. No. 9, George Livingston ; No. 10, Jean B. Belliveau, Basil Doucett ; No. 11, Vincent T. Saulnier, Etiennc Doucett ; No. 12, Nicholas Deveau ; No. 14, James A. Taylor. Warden, Nicholas Deveault. Charles P. Gaudet elected for No. 9 in 1893, 45S OEOORAPUY AND HISTORY vice Livingston, after previous election had been annulled by His Honor Judge Savary. This Council will expire after Semi- Anuual Meetingt^, May 14th, 1895. APPENDIX P. THE TOWN OF DIG BY. Soon after openin• ^:^- ** Sciences Corporation 23 WIST MAIN ilUWt WfBSTiR,N.Y. I4SS0 ( 716 ) •72-4503 k ^ iV '^ 4 ;\ 6^^ OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 433 I' ■':■'■ it Im; i,T i ; '\ ■ i Topography of Digby. The original Town Plot was laid out in Blocks, bounded by Streets running at right angles. Two others at either end, some- what diagoncl to these, were occasioned by the curves of Annap- olis Basin. Those were intersected by eight Cro.s.s Streets running east and west. Annexed is a statement of the Plan : — Streets Going North and South. Water, Queen, King, West, Cemetery ; First, Second Third, and Fourth Avenues. Diagonal Streets. — Birch Place leading south from mouth of Bacquette to Railway Grossing at Jew Cove, so called ; Montague Row, extending south from the southern curve in Water Street to Mouth of Little Joggin ; this is now practically a part of the latter Street, as the tides have washed Water Street at thi3 point entirely away; Maiden Lane, from foot of Water Street to Carleton Street. • Intersecting Streets. — Carleton, leading over Racquette Hill ; Prince William, ending in Digby Neck Road ; Sydney, south of the Railway Depot ; Church, north of Court House and Academy ; Mount. just south of Baptist and Trinity Churches; Warwick, leading towards St. Mary's Bay and Hillshurgh ; Saint Mar3''s Bay, just north of Wood's Factory ; George, near banks of the Little Joggin. In 1893, the Town Council established following Electoral Wards in the Town. ■ No. 1. To include all that portion of the Town lying between the northern limit thereof and the southern side of Prince William Street. , No. 2. All between 'ast boundary and southern side of Mount Street. No. 3. The residue south of last named Line. Town Councils. 1890. Mayor, Thomas C. Shreve, Q. C. ; Councillors, elected by the Town at large, — Sydney Wood, Henry G. Turnbull, Thomas Boyne, John Daley, Orbin Sproull, Edmund Biden. 1891. Mayor, T. C. Shreve, Q. C. ; Councillors, Sydney I ' I .^ '' vn\> d 11. y \ 454 QEOOBAPHY AND HISTORY Wood, Orbin SprouH, Thomas Boyne, Edmund Biden, J. Edgar Jones, M. D., John F. Saunders. 1892. Mayor, T. C. Shreve, Q. C. ; Councillors, George E. Staili.igr, J. R, Fritz, M. D., John F. Saunders, George M. White, John Wighfcman, Orbin Sproull. 1893. Mayor, J. Edgar Jones, M. I). ; Councillors, Ward No. 1, Orbin Sproull, Howard B. Allen; No. 2, John F. Saunders, Geo. Eansley Stailiiig ; No. 3, Sydney Wood, George Bishop. - Those officers served for 1894. 1895. Mayor, Thomas C. Shreve, Q. C. ; Councillors, Ward 1, Orbin Sproull, George H. Holdswurth ; No. 2, George E. Stalling, J. Loran Peters ; No. 3, George Bishop, William E. Brown, Esquires. Stipendiary Magistrate. — Francis Hutchinson, William O. Theail, John Holdsworth, George M. White. Tovm Clerks and Treasurers — Allan V. Wade, 1890 to 1894 inclusive ; Clarence Jamieson, 1895. !' ! ■ c HM ' ^ » OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. APPENDIX Q. Part I. 455 CA.PITATION TAX ROLL.— 1792-1794. DiOBY. Apkil 15th, 1795. '' To Benning Wentworth, Esq.," Secretary of the Province of Nova Scotia. Sir : As we find by the Act of Assembly, that the Assessors of the Poll or Government Tax are to transmit to the Treasurer of the Province a fair copy of their Assessment as delivered to the Collector, and agreeably thereto we have sent you the copy of that made by un as delivered to Joshua Smith, Collector, the 1st. instant, — it being only for the District of the Town of Digby." ^ " We are. Sir, &c., &c., &c.," (" Sgd.") "James Wilmot, ) Isaac Hatfield," ) Assessors.' APPENDIX Q. Part II. Names on that Assessment Roll. — Francis Armstrong, Stephen Arnold; George Baio, John Baxter, Seabrack Bayeux, Joseph Beaman, William Beaman, John Bennett, Hiram Betts, Leveret Bishop, Isaac Bonnell, Esq., William F. Bonnell, William Bouquet, Major, Daniel I. Brown, Michael Burns; Mungo Campbell, Capt. Charles Coulbourn, Joseph Connolly, Capt. James Craige. James Creighton, Joseph Cronck, Samuel Cronck ; Amos Dillon, Francib Dominick, Arthur Donneally ; John Eddison, Samuel Eddison, James Ellis, Thomas Ellis; Charles Ferguson, James Foreman, Jonathan Fowler ; William Gilliland, William Green, Obediah Griffin, Ambrose Haight, Luke Hall, Conrad Handle- spiker, William Handlespiker, Col. Isaac Hatfield, Mrs. Hayes, Richard Hill, Esq., Charles Hincksman, James Ardington Holds* 4o6 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY worth. John Holdsworth. Thomas Holdsworth, Georcrc Hollins- head, James Hughston AfaJ. Thomas Huggefoid , Benjamin Jones. Elisha Jones. Nathaniel Jones, Stephen Jones ; Matthias Kelly. Jesse Keen ; Benjamin Lawrence, John Lawson, Daniel Ward. Robert Leonard. William H. Letteney, I.a.c Longworth ; Anthony Marsha I Robert McDorraand. Samuel McGhee, Dennis McGrath S«.nuel Mclntyre. Peter McMullen, Jonas Mead. Abra- ham Miller. Hope Mi Is, John Morford. William Muir ; George Nash John R Nichols ; Daniel Post. Gilbert Post. Gains Prit- chard, Simeon Purcill; David Quigley ; John Ray, Robert Ray. James Reid. Lieut Robert Robinson, Capt. Robert Rollo. Mai Isaac Roup. John Roup Alexander Ross. Henry Rutherford] Esq. ; George Schreiber. James Secor. Alexander Simpson. Arthur Simpson John C. Small. Jasper Smith. Widow John Smith. Joshua bmith, Theophilus Smith, Andrew Snodgrass. Esq, John Stark Henry Stemmger. J. seph Symonds. Jacob Sypher or Cypher' Capt Edward Taylor^ James Taylor. William Taylor. James Titus, Capt William Thomas. Alexander Thomson. John Thomp- son. Christam Tobias M. D, James Tobin. Widow William TVumbull Reuben Tucker. John Turner ; Abraham Van Ta^isell. William Van Tassell. Rev. Roger Viets ; Capt Adam Walker Samuel Warne. Thomas Warne. James Warrington. Capt Charles Watt, Thomas Watt, John V^arwick, Maurice Welsh, Philip Whatman. James Wilmot. Capt John Wright— Total. 128. ^ The foregoing comprises a full List of all male residents twenty-one years of age and upwards in the District named, on Isl of April, 1795. No similar Roll is available for any other sections of the \i ^- MM hi;!!!:!! 1 1 V OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. APPENDIX R. 457 Names of the resident Tax Payeps — beikg over twenty- one YEARS of age — DOMICILED IN THE DISTRICT COMPRE- HENDING present Township of Weymouth, in year 1816, — copied with orthographical corrections from the Assessment Roll for next year. ' (Arranged Alphahetically hy the Author,) James Adams, James Allen ; Jacob Barnes, Spencer Barnes, John Bartlett, William Brite, Abraham Brown, James Brown, Noah Brown, William Brown, Abraham Brooks, Peter Brooks ; Jacob Chryst, Ignace Comeau, Peter Corporon, Samuel Corporon, James Cosman, John Cosman, Jr , Cupt. John Cosman, Joseph Cook, Jerome Cromwell, William Cromwell, Jabez W. Dunbar, Joseph Dunbar, Jr., Joseph Dunbar, Sr., Jonathan W. Dunham, Josepn Durland, Lary Dwyer ; John EUenwood, George Evans, Jeremiah S. Everett, Knit,'ht Everett; David Grant, Jeremiah S. Grant, John Grant, Sr., John B. Grigg, Patrick Gough, Aujjustine Guiddery, Glode Guiddery, Ambrose Haight, Reuben Haight, Caleb Haines, John Thomas Hankinson, Reuben Hankinson, Jr., Reuben Hankinson, Sr., Robert T. Hankinson, Josiah Healy, John Hcwett, Richard Kill ; Henry Jeph, Peter John, Jr., James Johnson, Cereno U. Jones, Josiah Jones, Simeon Jones, Stephen Jones, James Journeay, Robert Journeay, Sr., Emanuel Juillehaut, (pronounced Jeo) ; Tunis Lambertson, James Langford, Sr., Shippey Lent, James Lewis, Morgan Lewis, Sr., Thomas Lewis, Jr., Thomas Lewis, Sr. ; Andrew Munn, James Manzer, Sr., John Marr, Peter Marr, Daniel McAlpine, Benjamin McConnell, Jr., Elijah McConnell, John McConnell, Joseph McConnell, Matthew Haines McConnell, Samuel McConnell, William McLeod, Benoni . Melan9on, Dominique Melan^on, Frederic Melanyon k, Son, > _ Merchants, Joseph Melan^on Paul Melan9on, Mrs. Margaret Moody, John Moore, John Mulien, Sr., Jacob Northrup John Northrup, Joshua Northrup, William Northrup, Edw, Olivier; James Payson, Nathaniel Payson, Thomas Paull, Asa Porter, Jr., Joseph Purdy, Nathaniel Purdy ; Anthony Reddick, Marcus J. Ring; Benja )iin Sabean, Jr., Benjamin Sabean, Sr., David Sabean, Jeremiah Sabean, Sr., Timothy Sabean, Willoughby Sabean, Sr., Nathan Savary, Sr., SabJne Savary, George Saxton, Sr., Anthony Seely, David Shook, Henry Shortliefi, Israel Smith, James Smith, Thomas Smith, William Smith, Christopher Spech'j, William Specht, John Sprague ; Thomas Trefry; Gideon Van. ^ Amburgh ; Simon White, (in French, LeBlanc), William White, (in French, Guillaum^ LeBlanc), George Taylor, Sr, Col. John Taylor, Charles Thibault, Sr., Peter Thibault, Jean Thibaudeau .■•,4^.M'V¥; /|!!| "■■-^Ji: !i:'^ 45S GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY ^,>:^^'kJ^rtJi"!^--:^^: f^-h Tow'ne.. ns, Amos VViiyht— Total. 135. APPENDIX S.-Part I. "RULES OF THE DIGBY TEMPERANCK SOCIETY ESTABLISUED IN FEBRUARY, I832.-RE-OU,;ANIZED ' IN September, 1841." THE USE OF ARDENT SPIRITS. ^SUPPRESSION OF si,ie^:f^.::b;^ ^^^-^-^ ^'^^ ^^-'^ «'-!• ^e eon. Aj^eHt Spirit, unless in c^:o^::^::;^'^^:i;:^;^^^^ ^z::^^^ -u,so to prevent others ..o^f'jii:^ ^ii;:; of ^ P™"^^ iv.-That^the Officers of this Sooioty shall consist of a President. Vice-Presirient. Secretary, and Kicutive Com m.ttee consisting of the Officers of the Society and what oZ'r number of members may be deemed expedient Article y_That a meetingshall be held monthly when fh. President shai; report the Proceedino-^ nf t]l A ' . "'>"' ^"^" *"® a majority of members present society by Article VIL—That any person who wishes to withdraw from the Society, may do so by assigning hia reason in wriUng to the I & in H ■ I I'll- f-1 I'' If; h "liililii ,11 'i'' mm in- •it.-' 'il ..w s OF THE COUXTY OF DIGHY. 459 Secretary, — unless he be under censure for having tran pressed the Rules of the Society ; — in which cjvso he shall be dealt with as the Society shall determine at the next regular meeting. Article viii. — That no person who is under the influence of Ardent Spirits shall, when under such influence, be permitted to join the Society. ARTrcLE IX. — That the meeting of the Society be opened witb Prayer. Article x. — That the names of the members of this Society be read every meeting — distinguishing those who have removed or withdrawn from the Society. Article xi. — That any member of the Society who shall speak against the Society with disrespect, so as to bring it into disrepute, shall be dealt with, as if he had transgressed the Rules of the Society by drinking. Article xn. — That in conjunction with this Society, a separate Column be framed for Persons who wish to join the Total Abstinence Pledge, to abstain from all Intoxicating Drinks. Although no signatures are now attached to the foregoing " Rules," yet tradition relates that the Digby Temperance Society was inaugurated bv Rev. Wi!Iii'2.-Temperance PW76.-William B. Forrest Jr.. John Loudett Alexander Londett. An.elia Crowlev Sarah y.ets Mary A Lightfoot. George Barnha.n. Ann E. Bu'n. Eliza GUberTw S^^ Cecelia Wright, •William H. Lee. Total ^6.^i7,.'.,ce P^e^V.-Hannah M. McCormick. Sarah J Banci-utt Elizabeth Farnha,n. Olivia Burns, Charles Budd M PP R^^sL:^r^^^''-'''-^- ^'^y' *C^P^ tharl^ iJ •i. i-' •• OF THE COUNTV OF DIGHV, 463 1 .' ; Mi ' $ i i! i H Il 1! il M f t III w 1 "i 1 1 i ! i v' t- 1 ■I M ;* ; /i : ' I . ^Bi"- ' i' * f!i« . K . f ^jfl^a lit- ^fr.'i''" ' ' * ^ ' ' 1^ 1 ■* " At the General Monthlv Meeting held July Uth. 1SI2. the Society vote • Sand? Cove Total Abstinence Society. — Mr. J Bancroft. 466 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY IN " DiGBY Temperance Society. — Tha Officers an«l other mem- bers composing the Executive Committee, namely : — Major R. Hutchinson, Bntsford Viets, Nehemiah F. Longley, Rev. Samuel Bancroft, ex-officio ; — Capt. John VV. Wrijjht, Thomas Letteney, Thomas Holdsworth, Etlwanl M. Marshall, Wentworth 11. Qnigley, William L. Bent, M.IX, Francis DeArcy, Francis Hutchinson, Thomas Kiley, Isaac G. Noble, John Noble. Major R. Hutchinson, Esq., was chosen Proildeint, and N. F. Longley, Secretary ot* the Convention, — both unanimously. Report.s from Societies. "The Clements and Hillsburgh Society numbers in all 716 members. This Society embraces the chief number of the Inhabitants oi the Settlement, and mucii Good is the result effected by the Cause in that place. Sandy Cove Temperance Society numbers 70 members. This Society has but just been cotnmenced, and where opposition to the Cause might have been expected, a contrary disposition is jnanifest in the inhabitants, relative to the cause of Temperance. The Weymouth Society numbers 165 members ; and the cause of Teuiperance is rapidly advancing in that place, by the indefatigable exertions of C(»lin ( ampbell, E>q., President of the Societv, and Rev. Charles Randall. The Wentworth Society is on the Total Abstinence principle, has very lately commenced, and numbers oO members, who .steadily adhere to the Pledge. It has New TusUet as its field of operations. The Westport Societv numbers 160 members, and is also on the Total Abstinence principle. The cause of Temperance is in a very flourishing condition in that Township, and can justly boast ot possessing some of the warmest advocates. The St. Mary's Bay Society was forjned by Judge Marshall la.st year, 1S41. while on a tour thmugh this part of the Province, in behalf of Temperance. Its presfnt number of members is 30 ; and every anxiety appears manifest by the people for its advancement. The Digby Branch of the St. John Total Abstinence Society is a Branch of the Total Abstinence Society of St. John, New Brunswick, in connection with the Sociecfes established by Father iiPin M-^i h ••■ i ;;rV': ''. ! '■'^ I I. kMimm OF THE COUNTY OF DIODY, 467 ThcobaM Mathew. It is of l»\te formation in this town; iinil its numbers are at the present, 15. ^ The Digby Tetnpenince Society. One year havinjj .ehipscrl since the formation of this Society, an«l notwithstanding it has ttj contend with considerable opposition, yet it is in a state of proiiression ; and those who have joined the Pledge, are indefa- t gable in their endeavours to promote the Cause by every possible means. Its present membership is 116. Grand Joggins Society. The number of members of this Society is not positively known ; but the Cause meets with every attention from warm advocates in the Settlement,— and by last accounts, it was in a very flourishing condition. The meeting adjourned by singing the Doxology." (Attest:) MAJOR R. HUTCHINSON. PrmcZenf. N. FLETCHER LONGLEY, Secretary. s APPENDIX S.-Part III. Roll of Charter Members of Tyro Division, No. 14.5, Sons of Temperance, Westport. Matthew B. Caldwell, Frank P. Payson, Wellingtoa C. Morrell, George Bailey, Rev. William H. Caldwell, Samuel Buckman, Charles H. Coggins, Edward Glavin, George Munro, James Alfred Peters, Manning Peters, Jacob Davis, Charles F. Ruggles, John A. Parker. APPENDIX. List of Charter Members of Western Star Division, No. 161, Sons of Temperance, Freeport. ;| * I I >\' / • I" 468 Isaiah Thurber, Shippey Lent. Jr., William Lent. Edward Morrell, William H. Prime, Cunninsrham Lent, Heman C. Wyman, Calvin Daniels. Edward Sprinfir, Ethel Ring. GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY Thomas Perry. Jacob Brown, Arthur Crocker. Nicholas Haines, William C. Wyman. Robert Haines, Sr., Clements Wyman, Lyman Stevens, George N. Tibert, Fairtield Morrell, Jefferson Stevens. Charter issued on fourth of February, I860. APPENDIX T. CENSUS STATISTICS 6ent'^\ly\lo^:!'^^ pre-Loyalist British resi- 17o5 tL ?' ^'5'' comprises a British population of about tL n, Jhr'^r'''''^ ""•"^^'* "^ Acadians in 1.50 familes swell the^number of ctizens to a Grand. Total of approximately Hil sbun.h n^XV^^^^^^^^^^^ /■-- ^'^by. Weymouth, and ITQs" v^f .1 .^.'S*^'^ ''"""S the eleven years between 1785 and 1798. yet the b.rths and new settlers equalled this decrease.' F..][!k'-''"o,''"' T P''"^>ncial historian gives the number of French in Clare during year 1800. as follows:- Families 175. Individuals 1050. w If ' ;i ' 1 ' • .. l:iM •• i I: i I ' ' / 1 f ; L IS 6 ' >l " 1 1. ■ OF THE COUNTY OF DIOBY. 469 APPENDIX. T. CENSUS STATISTICS. In 1748, there were 2000 communicants of the Roman Catholic Church in Port Royal. The first Enumeration taken by order of Government within the County of Digby, was enrolled in 1771 by Joseph Winniett, Esq., J. P., for County of Annapolis. It is a Census of the Acadians then living in the Township of Clare, and gives follow- ing totals : — Number of families in St. Mary's Buy 24 Number of persons comprising those families. 98 In year 1800, according to Hon. Thomas C. Halliburton, (Sam Slick), the inhabitants of Clare comprised following: — Number of Families 175 Number of individuals 1050 In summer of 1784, as already stated, Capt. John Robinson of the Loyal American Regiment, enrolled the Loyalists in Digby, Sissibou, St. Mary's Bay, Gulliver's Hole, and Clements, — which gave the subjoined results : — Number of Loyalists in Digby and vicinity 1295 Number of Loyalists in Sissibou and vicinity 118 Number of Loyalists at St. Mary's Bay 33 Number of Loyalists at Gulliver's Hole 12 Number of Loyalists in Clements who soon domiciled within pre.sent County of Digby • 85 Add to foregoing, the probable Number of pre-Loyalist, British residents, say 100 Which comprises a British population of '. 631 The estimated number of Acadians 1030 150 families would swell the number of citizens to a Grand Total of, approximately 2631 Although about ninety families of white Loyalists, and thirty-four of African descent, emigrated from Digby, Weymodth, Hillsburgh, and Westport between July Ist, 1786, and October, 1798, yet the biiths and immigrants who located in those Town- ' ships during that period, at least equalled this decrease. 85 i; *'^ GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY ■^J^V'^1^^^::!^^^ "^ ^"-' Count, of In 1827, the figures for same Countv were 14 661 U,^^;^^^-;^-^"-''' of f-"ies, 340. represent. Episcopalians, or Church of England .... 4. qha Baptists . , • ^ *.900 Roman Catholics ' ^'^'^^ Wesleyan Methodists. ...'."'.* ^'^^* • Presbyterians • • ^'^76 . All others, not classed !...........!.'.'.' *^^ * ly 14.661 The Census taken in 1838-the next year after tho Countv Division at that dme -^ ''^ '^''^'' concerning our Civil Area in .square miles Percentage of area of whole Province.' .' H^ JNumber of inhabitants ... ^ ™ Number of inhabitants to a square niile 'q?o Percentage of population of the Province . .' ." ." .' .' .* .' ." ." ." .* .' .' .' .' 451 Number of native-born inhabitants. . ,4,7.., . Number born at the Meditterranean. ' { Number born at sea J Number born in Kingdom of SweedVn '. . .' ,* .* .' " .'!.*.*'.*."" 1 . 14.751 ^^W" H!;ti i' I I! 1 1 ;, hi OF THE COUNTY OF DIGBY. 471 At same period, the Christinn clenoininatirns weie representttl as here transcribed : — Roman Catholics 6,01 4 Calvini-it Baptists 4,944 Church of England, or Episcopalians 2,1 In Weslevan Methodists 1,014 Free- Will and Free- Christian Baptists !{)}» Presbyterians of Lower Provinces . loO Christians, Disciples, and Ret'ormed Baptists 57 Church of Scotlam!, or Presbyterians 47 Quakers 24 Universalists 19 Congregational ists 7 Other Creeds not classed 84 No Creed given 68 i .14.751 In 1871, the population was 1,737 Ten years later, 1881, the nnmber was 19,8{Sl By the Census of 1891 — the List one collated — the followini>; statistics are obtained : — Number of Roman Catholics . . 9,30l' Number of Baptists 6,2:{:{ Number of VVesleyan Methodists 1,4()() Number of Episcopalians 1,410 Number of Disciples of Christ 550 Number of Free-Will Baptists 364 Number of Presbyterians 165 Number of Adventists 132 Number in Salvation Army 115 Number of Bible Christians 42 Number of Universalists 1 i Number of Congrcgationalists 5 Number of Lutherans 3 Number of Uniterans 3 Number of Brethren 2 Number of other Denominations, not classed HH Number not specified 14 Grand Total ] 0.^07 The&e comprehended in families 3,760