IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I 1.25 !f IIM IIIIIM '- ■- ill 1^ lis IIIIIM 1.8 14 11.6 V <^ //. % C^^/y 0%,. ^ signifie A SUIVRE", le symbols V signifie 'FIN '. Mapa. plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diegrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, plenches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmAs A des taux da reduction diff^kronts. Lorsqua le document est trop grand pour itra reproduit en un seul cliche, il est film* A partir da Tangle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droits, et de haut an bas, en prenant le nombre d'imeges n^cejsaire. Les diagrammas suivants iSIustrant ia mAthoda. 12 3 22X 1 2 3 4 5 6 ONTARIO'S E X 1 1 1 H IT AT TliK CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION (IF THE OHIO VALLEY AM) CENTRAL STATES Hi; PORT OF HON. TIMOTHY W. AN(iLIN. PRINTED BY ORDER TORONTO. PRINTED BY WARWICK & SONS, 08 AND 70 FRONT STREET WEST. 18H!>. ONTARIO'S EXHIBIT AT T.(E CENTENNIAL EXPOSITION OK THK OHIO VALLEY AND CENTRAL STATES rp:port of HON. TIMOTHY W. ANGIJN PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY. TORONTO: PRINTED BY WARWICK & SONS, 68 AND 70 FRONT STREET WEST. 1880. f T ONTAIilOVS EXHIBIT AT CINCINNATI. JULY 4 TO NOVKMIIKH li , IMSS. To THK Hon. Charles Druuy, M.P.P., Minister of Af^ricnlture ; SiK, — Wlicn in June, 1888, I was appointed conmiissioner to take charge of the exhibition of minerals, whicli tlio Government of Ontario proposed to make at the Centennial Exposition of the Ohio Valley, to bo held at (Jincinnati, I found that much progress in the work of preparation had been made under the guidance and direction of Mr. Blue, De|»uty Minister of Agriculture. Mr. Blue was in correspondence with a large number of the owners of mines in various pitrts of the Province, and with othersespecially interested in the development of its mineral resources. Mr. David Boyle, an able mineralogist, was employed to oStain the co-operation of the owners of mines and others in the eastern part of the IVovir.ce, and to suggest to them the best means of making the exhibition of their minerals attractive and advantageous. Mr. Blue had also engaged Mr. Peter McKellar and Mr. Burke to render similar services in the Lake Superior region. The reports from these gentlemen and the letters received daily from all parts of the Province proved that although at first several owners of mines and of mineral lands were strangely apathetic, nearly ail had become alive to the grsat importance of making the mineral we.ilth and resources of Ontario better known to the enterprising people of the United States, and laudably desirous of doing their share of tliat work. Mr. Blue had also been in communication with the President and Commissioners of the great Exposition, had visited Cincinnati, secured a space for the Ontario exhibit in a favorable position on the ground floor, and made arrangements for having it fitted up. It was obviously desirable under these circumstances, that Mr. Blue should supervise and direct the work of preparation to the close. Indeed, if any one else had assumed control during the few days that remained for this work, much confus' would have been inevitable. Mr. Blue having consented to complete what he had so ' -1 begun, I con- ferred with him daily, rendering what assistance was in my power and endeavoring at tlie s ime time to acquire such information as wouid render my services at the Exposition more valuable. The delays in forwarding the expected specimens from different parts of the Province c lused no little trouble, and although the first shipment to Cincinnati was deferred as long as possible, all had not arrived when that was made. There was, however, nearly enough t-) load a cir, and to ensure its being forwarded without unnecessary delay Mr. Boyle went with it. A few days after, Mr. Blue went to Cincinnati to superintend the work of pr^iparation there. I remained in Toronto for some days to look after the many packages yet to arrive. On June 30th, I shipped about twelve thousand pounds of minerals and several other packages were afterwards forwarded by express. I left Toronto on July 2nd and arrived in Cincinnati on the 3rd. 1 found the work of preparation almost complete. The space allotted to Ontario was divided into two sections of 30x1 ii feet each. These were separated by a public pa.«sage about six feet in width and were so situated with respect to one another, that a person standing in either, could not keep all of the two sections in view at once. This was a serious disadvantage, as it was necessary that two persons should be in attendance on the visitors during nearly all the long hours from 9 a.m. to 10 p.m., and it must be difficult for either to do much else. The advantages of the position, however, much more than compensated for this dis'^d vantage, ft was next to the great exhibits of the United States, and a!! who visited those must piss close to the Ontario exhibit. Between it and the great central fountain, which, cooling the sultry air by day and splendidly illuminated by night, always attracted multitudes, was an open space. The post office was near and a band stand the music from which, although it made the work of answering questions and giving explanations much more fatiguing, brought many to that part of the buildin;^. The accompanyiriK diagram shows how the two sections were fitted up. The front ol space "A" on one of the great thoroughfares was open save that a light railing nic'j and Rjire orea Cryatala C/'uxus Cryst.iltj Casua -o — ^1 LlVht Balllns Ooia and 611v«r -o*- tiection A. marked the way in which those desirous of examining the specimens shoul.l move and prevented undue crowding when the number of visitors was unusually lar«e On the other three sides a handsome substantial platform was constructed and on this rested a number of show cases in which the choicest, rarest and most valuable specimen* were placed. In front ol these, and in convenient positions, two strong octagonal ppdcstal were placed to support great masses of rich ores. The wall spaces back of the show cases was covered with geological maps of the Dominion and of Ontario, and a map of Ontario on which all the known mineral deposits were indicated by appropriate colors These maps were found very useful. Inde-ul, without them it would have been extremely difhcult to answer satisfactorily the questions as to the position of our mines and mineral deposits which were asked hundreds of times every day. On this wall also were hun-' some beautiful specimens of blow pipe sections, the work of Dr. Haanel, of Victoria College, tobourg, which were greatly admired by many scientific men. Above the maps and extending oyer this section, were hung British and Canadian flag., and a flag of the United btates, which served at once as emblems and decorations. The IJ.itish and Canadian fla-'s attracted every day a number of natives of Canada who have gone to the States to seek their fortune but who still retain a love for their old home which they ardently expressed Small banners and shields, bearing the Canadian arms, were also used to decorate both sections, and the names " Ontario "-" Canada " in large letters of ^old proclaimed to all who passed that those rich mineral specimens which they aduiTred so much came from a country of which, as we soon learned, very little -.as known even a few hundred miles from the frontier. Tlle__ [Urlck ?i? Mica o j^iisceUaa- r eouG Miscellan- eous n Copper Pyritea Nativo Copper Iroi Q i ■ s P Is: Stone flydraJlKJ [ Wj Cement | fPhosphate _Qvpaum of Lima T-rn speclmeni sd Largre speclmene Silver Section B, Lieau Gold Zinc Iron C < Q o 0> Tho section ni«rkf.(l " U " i„ tl..' .Uaijra.n Htood apart from all othprH, and pr.-a.nt.'.! a faco to each of four grcit tl.orou^r|,far,..s. It wuh titt..(l ..p with a handhoiiic . nclomj count.T runiiii.g .ill r..un.l, except wlien- space for an entrance whs left on the north Hide On the counter or platform were erected a number of pyramida, ho conatucted hh to aliord the best means for the arrangement and diaplay of the mineraln -i-l r f 1 Hidi'vicw iif Sccticin I!. Side view of section " H" in tho dia^-rain gives a lair idea of this arrangement. The total frontage of this section was about 81 feet, and the total shelf aciommodation from 100 to ')00 feet. The spice between the counters wa.s used as an oHice. It was found desirable, after a few days .'X|.erience, to enclose the shelves and specimens of this section with a strong ornamental wire fence, without which it would have been very diflicult to jirevent the abstraction of the more attractive specimens. Mr. niue was so fortunate as to secure the scrvires 'ilver .^rountai'<, of gold ore from I-ake of the Woods, and of ores from theOttawa Valley containieg linc, lead and silver was raised. At th(! foot of one of the l)edestal8 slabs of slate were piled ; before theother were sjiecimens of sewer traps in Cana- dian clay. In front lay a great mass of phosphateof lime, weighinsabout 900 lb. from the Foxton mine in Frontenac, said to be the largest ever taken out. At one end of this section were exhibited also a large mnss of gold-bearing ore, a mass of baryta from Lake Superior, and some large blocks . indstone. At one side of the entrance to the i^; her section (B) were placed the specimens of Cana- dian clays and of terra cotta, drain pipps, bricks and other articles in clay. The display of mica, which came next, was large and varied ; then followed in order, specimens of lignite, a fine display of petroleum and its products, twenty eight in number, a great mass of gold' ore from f^ake of the Woods, specimens of kaolin, of felspar, of asbestos, soap stone, litho- grai)hic stone and other minerals ; then rich specimens of lead ores and lead in bars, masses of silver ores from several mines and specimens of concentrated silver ore ; rich, varied and beautiful specimens of copper ores from several deposits and masses of virgin' copper. The whole of the southern front was occupied by the specimens of iron ores, which were numerous and large. They were chiefly from Eastern Ontario, but there was a large mass of hematite from Lake Superior. On the eastern side were placed lome blocks of rich iron ore, masses of zinc ore, great masses of arsenical gold and silver ores, and bottles of arsenic obtained from such ores ; a ma,ss of apatite crystals, curious in form and of many colors, and in large bottles specimens of superphosphates prepared for use. Two large blocks of silver ore from the Beaver mine said to be worth .? 2,000 a ton, speci- mens of mineral paints, of salt and brine, of marl and lime, of gypsum and baryta, and of clays occupied nearly all the rest of that side. Part of that and one-half of the northern sde were occupied by numerous specimens of red and grey granite, sandstonea and lime- stones of various qualities, serpentine and marble. To unpack, classify and number each of these specimens, put it in its proper place, and place with it a card describing what it was and where it was found, and giving the name of the proprietor of mine or quarry as well, was a work requiring much skill and much actual labor. It was most H*liHfai!t)rily pfrforiiifd. Tlii' •cientific and in twi-eated those visits frequently. Several persons of this class wrote highly eulogistic comments in the visitors' book. One gentleman connected with a Oincinnati paper stated that he hastened to see this exhibit on his return home, because 'the whole way from Duluth where he had been on a visit— he heard nothing talked of but the Ontario exhibit of minerals " It was gratifying to learn that the expectations which those reports had excited were in uU cases more than satisfied. ' mt and th.' oHii to n'lid, )rs, as were a catalo^un Tho pr«- iHortin^ the ' a (IcHcrip- !•' riiiiiHral and other ioived, and iichiKMvlod and rniid- u tlin iiddi- irati) infor- >ky atmoH- I diri!ctin>{ that could ■io exhibit. teiod their of visitors b. Of the uirieH, the knowledge iu(!h ell'ort, sent, that tny million nU of the ve possess arne from ng for the persuade California, ring ques- the shade, was very vas a pro- stitute, or interest<(d ^ns, found fact, that no other 1 more to who saw 10 saw it, )ns stated lit exhibit e Exposi- ited those ita in the hastened •where he nineralB." I, were in Many of th.. visitors of this .;la'''l"«"ten.|iiiries as to existence of opper in the I.akeSup.MJorr.'gion were ma.l.- ami the probabilitie.s as to th.( piotitable r.,duction of such or.'S of zin.' and ni.'k.-l an w.-re exhibit.-d, wen. oftentimes discussed. The .specimehs of baryta from th;.t n-gion attra.'t...! much attention, an.l a gentleman who had made a contract to supply lar— .|iianUii,.H of that mineral, and whose mine in (Jeorgia had just '■ runout," was so inliuen..'.! I,v what he .miw and heanl that, before th.. Kxposition closed, ho visited th.' district ..n l,akV Sui..' nor, .satished himself that the n-presentations made to him w.'H' correct, an.l ent.n-.l i/.to an agreement, by which he is bo.m.l to take out at least -i.OOO tons per month, an.l ohv the owners, the Messrs. McKellar, a royalty on all he takes out. The g.'ol...'ist of the State of Pennsylvania stated, that baryta will probably increase in valu.' as it is now used in the manufacture of gas from water, acting as an absorbent of th.. oxyg.'i, wh.-n superheated steam is passed over it. Gas can thus be manufactun-d and supplied he said, at less than it costs to supply natural gas. ' The display of copper and nickel ores from Sudbury attracted mii.'h attention and numerous enquiries wen. ma.le as to the percentage of .'opper and of nick.') which th.' .several specimens contained, the locality and extent if the mines, and th,' fa,, 'i.'s for obtaining fuel an.l for moving coal or ore. The ditliculty of sepaniting ni.:kel and coop,.,, when combined, was discussed. This, it was said, has been s.icuessfully done at Itergen ^. Y. Copper mining is genendly so uncertain, and promising mines have so often' tai ed to pay, that the disposition to speculate in copper mines .lid not seem general although the most e.xperienced were surprised at what they heanl of the extent of the budbury mines. Tho interest in Canadian lead mines was languid, because lead mines have in so many instances ceased to pay of late years. Tho iron ores were much admired by scientists, foiindrymen and miners. One Enc lish gentleman, who said that he established the tirst foundry for the manufacture <)f Bessemer steel in the United States, after examining several sp..cim.'ns said "if these were any richer they would be iron." Several miners and fouiidryin.'o IVon'i \labinn where the production of iron has grown so wonderfully of late, expres,-ed stron-iv the wish that they could get some of those ores to mi.v with their own low grad.' on-s and pro' prietorsi of smelting works and foundries at J'ittsburg and other parts of Pennsylvania eagerly sought specimens, ^^any enquiries were made as to the localities of the mines' the facilities for reaching them, and the probable cost of transportation by the shortest The specimens of mica were numerous and of great variety, some of a rich dark brown, some almost colo less and perfectly transparent. One large sheet— the largest ever seen m that part of the world— arnisted the attention of all passers-by When' the crystals are so large the mines must be valuable, if the crystals .are numerous and casilv got out. Were the deposits really large ? In what sort'of rock are they found ? Dof^s it cost much to get them out ? In what part of Ontario are they situated ? were .luestions asked hundreds of times every day. Discussions as to the quality and value of the mica and comparisons with that obtained from Georgia, were frequent. One small piece of mica of the, i„h... color, "hich'^w^.o^T.^""""' " ■""■■='>»or of tlL^iZ' orsoSFF"^' »«st,i;TL'-^^^^^^^^^ "■» — - --«- ot houth Carolina afforrl^d the only suddIv n7nh .! ° •'"pression that the deposits •Jtent of Ihosa quarries and the mean, of frAn.! ,■ ' f "" »fs™nile had corao the , The sped,„en,of terra cotta wcrr^rl 3, ,"« "l" S™"'" M la.-?. quantSe .1 w to ,„pp|j b„iij,r,. materiahl tCcSaU r^H'^'.r'' ""?"' P""™'. whose uSe^ r™tTars;;rKL„^Tefrf^^^«'^--^^^^^^^ For some months the greater part of u/p •^"^^''^'^^''^''^tfbrour minerals ^:i:!r -siit^rh: &a„T;^-tS? -» -"< -^^^^^^^^ rt'p:r :^-'- --^ "-- -» »-!;: ,Tr,f7?ft - - r,, *s Every other available means of ,i;ff, • • , Copies of the catalogue were sent to ^f '^\"«. "^formation was diligently emnloveH Umted States, to sevfral puWic iTstitu^r/r' newspapers in all'the'^it SW, and to the Ontario newspapers. About five thnl.'"""''"''^ "^ '^'' Ontario LeSlature nixT. l'^-. ^" "" "'«'--^'' -talogue of tleth wi'P;'"^^^^'^ valuable pampWet were next to the description of the Unitfd States exhilS' ^T] ^'''S^' '"^ ^ prominent place of Ontano's great exhibit. To no State of fK tt ' "'"'^ ^"'-f' ^'^h a graphic descriSn Ste-SoitSj^sr^-C^^ mstitutions and private col ec tors be^ced / '"^'"^'^ft^''- fhose who represented nublin »»«-..«%..he..e,e,tofthe¥r:2^:nrXStieL?£| finest specimen The enquiries ' dynamos, per- ;entleman from iH paper, made tliose portions ^ of scientists t the deposits this continent, d others, after 3sed to follow •ae engaged in 3 particularly ail come, the quantities, hose business particular in iarned in Cin- ^qual at least .IS. )pertics or to er Mr. Boyle ested parties inform.ition 1 mine were n a iiipana of )ur minerals, ith this cor- n too many sed in the n to believe, te the duty, some other the duties '■ would find ores, terra duties had employed, ties of the t'gislature, plilet were lent place, lescription ace given, of Oincin- notices of drairation ;t8 merits, xhibit, in ipeeimens ?d public lought it placed in. the museums universitiesand colleges of so many of the United States, and to gratify as far as possible the cravmgs of enthusiastic amateurs who would talk everywhere of their specimens. It was especially desirable that those who saw the specimens should know that they came from Ontario. To make tiiis certain, fifty small cabinets havin- "2 com- partments each, were ordered, a catalogue to accompany each cabinet, a.ul a card to be amxecl, stating that the specimens came from Ontario. These, wh.;n filled, were distri- buted amongst the commisioners of the Exposition, the editors of the leading newspapers and the principals of several colleges and other institutions. For private collectors cards were prepared, to which a number of specimens, each placed under if s proper nam,, were attached. To some of the larger state institutions larger specimen.s, duly labelled were given, llu, number of specimens given away to other apt.liuants from time to time were really innumerable Mr. Boyle thinks that tbey number at least two thousand, and this does not seem by any means an exaggerated e.stimite. The specimens were not given away indiscrimmat^y. Only those in whose hands it was thou^dit they would he serviceable to the Province, received any. Were all the applications co.nplied with; httle of what was sent to Cincinnati would have returned to Ontario. Speciulens of the minerals of this Provn.ce are now to b ^und in all, or nearlv all ?he State in tutions, museum.s, universities, colleges ...d high schools of Ohio, Iventuckv, West \irgmia and Indiana. Many were taken to Illinois, Michigan, Wi.scousin, IV. nossee Alabama and other States. A very earnest application for speciv.ens came from Omaha' It may be well testate, as evidence of the impression pioduccd by the exhibition' that the representative o the State of Georgia made repeated applications to have the Ontario exhibit taken to that State, where an exhibition was to open when the Oincin- bpll X-Tr "'°^''''^"'^ *''^* " representative of the managers of an exposition to l.e eld at Pittsburg Pa. this year, more than once endeavored to obtain some assurance hat Ontario would take part in that exnosition also. The managers expected to have a magnihcent display of minerals at Pittsburg, but, as this gentleman frankly admitted they cannot hope to have any single exhibit that will compare with that which Ontario made in Cincinnati. None of the articles in the Ontario exhibit were entered for competition, but three of the most distinguished of the jurors, including the mayor of Cincinnati, were sent to examine and report upon the exhibitas a whole, and to make what comments theythou^ht ht as to the especial excellence of any particular exhibits. 1 was assured that their report was a fitting ribute to the merits of so magnificent a display, and that the Commissioners of the Exposition would include it in their final report, of whi.li a copy would be sent to me. 1 have not yet received that report. I wrote to the President of the Commission some time ago, reminding him of his promise, but I have not yet received an answer. As I found the President and his fellow Commissioners alwavs courteous and obli-nn- I pre- sume that some unforeseen difliculties have retarded the publication of that re'por't Ihe Commissioners and guarantors of the Exposition having resolved to keep it open ten days longer than was originally proposed, I reported that decision to you, and in accordance with the instructions sent to me, the Ontario exhibit was continued to the close of the general Exposition, greatly to the satisfaction of the Exposition commissioners Although nothing was left undone that seemed necessary to render the exhibition of the minerals of Ontario worthy of the Province and in every sense successful, unnecessary expendi ures were carefully avoided, and the strictest economy consistent with making creditable display was observed. The total cost, I believe, must seem tridinrr when compared with the great and permanent advantages which the Province will derive from having made this astonishing revelation of her great mineral wealth and resources to her enterprising neighbors. Those advantages, I am now satisfied, will greatly exceed the toTndulT'"^ expectations in which, before the opening of the Exposition, I ever ventured I have the honor to remain, Your obedient servant. 2 (80) T. W. ANGLIN, Commissioner.