H , 1 • -^iv >lh O-' IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT.3) 1.0 I.I £ Its llo IL25 11.4 1^ L14 r^ V -Sdmces, Corporalion 23 WIST MAIN STRUT WIBSTH,N.Y. I4SM (716) •72-4S03 ^ .- * r" •' « \ \ \ Car It ^ ■- * '', 1 ---i " 1 r * ' "^ J.>i • \ ■:■■ CIHM Microfiche Series (i\Aonographs) ^ /• ICMH Collectioh dd microfiches/ (monograpliies) V ^ Canadian Inatituta /qr Hiatorical MMroraproductiona / Institut Canadian da microraproductiona hiatoriquaa < Jt Ttchnical and Bibliographic Notts / Notti ttchniqiitt tt bibliosraphiquM tK« Institute has attamptMl to obtain tht bts^ orifinal copy availabk for filming. 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This itam is filmed at lite reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est f ilml au ttux de reduction indiquA ci-dessous. 1 >/7 y ■-S„ =^«F ^WX- =l«l= ^«F «X-itv TKr tlwi totH Th«i POMi eftl» fiimli Origii b«giv tfMll •ion. dtlMif nn%i •ion. or Hit I-- Thoh shall TINUl whiel Maps diffor ontiN bogin rioht I roquii motlM ' J_ • ^ 12X 16X SOX 24X 28X 33X r * =* R 3Uk j„ .:M^.^midi^^sk^».% -. *t^-iiMi,.te liu. iiiilt'i'fc*.. lu'il cet de vue K ition Hm copy filmed h«r« hM t—n raprodue»d thanks to th« floiMrotitv ofl . Library of thaltotioMr ArehivM of CMMda Th« ImsflM appearing hara iia tha bast quality possibia eonsidaring tha aondltion and lagibility of tha original eopy and in itaaping with tha filming contract apadficationa. Original capias in printad papar aovars ara fllmad baginfilng witfi conformity avae las conditions du contrst da /fllmaga. 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Thoae too ierge to be entirely included in one expoeura ara filmed beginning in the upper left hend comer, left to right and top to bottom, aa many frames ss required. The following diegrams Hiustrate the method: cartas, planchas. tablaeux. etc.. peuvent Atre filmAs A des taux da rAduction diff Arents. Lorsque ie document eet trop. grsnd pour Atre repreduH en un soul cliehA. 11 est filrnA A pcrtir de I'engle supArieur geuche. do geuche A droits. et de haut en bes. en prenarit la nombra d'images nAcessaire. Las diagrammes suivsnts illustrent ie mAthode. "--S„ 1 2 3 ■U-* t I r "11 32X •. #. '•I^.'u.,i.. ssA-^i-m f -xl / 6 • r .v'' »,:V,i,!t,->;\.«-.'' ■ '■ ... ■ ,. > , ,,-,.^''. ,' m' U8i ^V-feUM^'iV^^^'^^ ^ SE( tIMCOlCP] \, oc \ 1 ♦^^F ^« T • BR 1 V' ^MOriOM ,^f^ ■ii.'fiflfejjjr^ ftf Scttien. pgto. OF HEwi] COAriVfUKl^TION rko^/T SECRETARY OF THE .TREASURY, AHaMimiia, t IN COMPLIANeE WITH A BESpLUTION OF THE SENATE OP MARCH 8. 1851. REPORT Of ISRAEL D. ANDREWS, aotnav of tot nwitED statbb foe canada and new BnoNswiot, outbc TRADE AND COMMERCE or TIB BRntlSH NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES, AHB VrOU THB V im^ OF THE GREAT LAKES AND RIVERS; -AUO. ^ifOTiOM or Tn WTBRNAL IMPB^yEMENTS.JN BACH BTATE, OF Tin WJLt Of ^CO AND OTBArra or FLOBIOA, AND A PAPEK ON TBM OOTTOM CEOP or THE ITNTTED BTATEa. / ;f, :. J l^^ji^-';^-*'' "i^E Sfe^'- V'-'-'t^ ^.^^ H WASHINGTON: SOBEBT ABMflTSONa. PRINTER 1858. \ i ■i^i»l;"*p-;--'>*yt:-^,T^'-;1>^.T''?^t" ■■. \.'*:- r/^t^ -f) .im^ ; *'• ■"'.'-v ft.*"* ■ * ■■; ■. ) HF \&55 I" * '.. /^/f/*;/ •?!■■' * iff w,*. ^ !|,lJi^j(^civ Sti'f^r ii^A ^^^h^ t J ;/tf.-».-a' COMMUNICAI'ION nOM THI SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY. I- IN THE HOUSE OF KEPRE8ENTATIVES i ^".^o?i±:T?£:lS'^%«S;s rf tt t^ ^^ *» ^- ^^ •» t*.. LxU^wHb the tidTofl^fSMZih a™^"^ t«de of the United 8t«te. «d ito oST fer the aw of thli Hoaio ^ American provinoet and the iUheriei, be printed R,« . TK w J*^^^"*^ Depaktment, ^^j^^ 26, 1862. toiH: Ihe resolution of the Senate of thp firh Mn^^i, iqk* the Secretary of the Treasury to ^^ommurdclte t^T^^k^^^r' "^"T I am, respectfully, Hon. Wm. R. Kino, President pro tern. U. 8. Senate. THO. CORWm, Secretary of the Treofwy, •■\ >i^J>^$^M!n, \ ^Mmr ■\ - V. *4 «*»Mi>— * SCHJDULl Of DOCUlllNTS. •i fifewm/ ^roductory; compming a review of the trade of the irrea* merce of the North Americaii Ooteliiefc **^ For Part m, /see Appendix. canals, American and CoroniaL » " "^^ "**? 4K°^ *"<* ; transit tradfe. internal iS^S^ S^ ' ^T*" «>°»merce, ».vJH«io« rfthe ^ocTZ^ observauon, „ the ft« with the proposedTt^liS^ r r ^ i**"' "» «»«»«ioft that port to 1^«S T^'*^ °^ * ^® ^'^ rteaniships from fron.nceV^^itSstaTr^^"' '^ ^^'^^ '^^ f%: ^^"^ >'i^y&~^iy^^^^> P^ce my thanks to Mr. N. Davidson, late -of the Buffalo Advertiser, for ^13 very valuable and intelligent services in the preparation of the report, parUcularly in those pordons relating to the trade of the lakes and the importance and value of the interiS, The importance of the Mississippi trade, through the Gulf of Mexico, /r*^ P^^'°? «*^ the Union, it is presumed wUl be regarded by all as a full justOication for the copious notices, in the appendix, of the Gulf ?« \k T i^"^ '^^ ®*™'If ^»f*^*5 ^** ^^ ^al"e of t»»e cotton crop, to the whole countrjr called pfthe extended and complete expositioK m regar£to it there inserted. SimUar reasons-^ind t? exoneiSte the report from the imputation of being secUonal— demanded the notices 'Of the conamerce, radroads, &c., of the southern States and southern <:itie8. It IS beheved no one will object ihax they were not within the ■ J^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^ resolution under which the report was pro- ' pared. The annexed map of the Gulf of Mexico and Straits of F^ Ida, and Isthmup of Tehuantepec, furnished, as before stated, by the ' Coast Survey, is, the first one of the kind ever published from au- thentic sources. It mil be found inttd4r Negodationi conrentioi Qoanti^ of tables sho and the CO Proposition i Hie free nav Bemiidon (^ T^particii Pneeiit state Oondnakm; ' IMtotowli CodAsheM^ liMkenlea^ Theherrfagfl nenekfiaimi .iS.&-v4 ' J CONTENTSr. K ^ I \ ■ ■ N J' .INTRODUCTOBY. «omwtiic<»ant....Tr7^ ^™' UMJorreot retun«,M>d nnnwrfh Ibr'l In tie abtenee of offlcial^t^T,^!^**^ inoomplete and muSiOptei; • TTiebutnofdwgwatUJtMMdVliVii'T "■"■■*'■ --;... » fc"?f ''**'*^«»i2f«^rio;: •' - - ::::::::, % ^SSo7!S^ ~'"'^ *™''^' •^•«» 'junked sute.-;u.iG,;;i iiti;:: ^^ '^ ■ . PART L \- J^«»leMght ta the golf.. ^'^*** ■- *..... 'S N««i<«*iHr^.?i^ -'"•s""--'^ ^ •'N. PABTn. «-*5rr ■ TUTmitofikthiiu*. : Intradnotioii— embnu^ a general Tiew of tJw rise and progreM of the commeroe of the great lakes of Nordi America , 45 fiulje^ diwnuMd - t 46 ' Beladona between kiland and maritfaoe oonuneroe 46 Extent of great lakes 49 Yaloe of traffic • -* 49 , Nnmberand tonnage of Teasels..*..... — - 51 Dangers of lake navigation .' 53 Losses - 54 ESeet of canals on lake trade ■••. 56 BaQroads and canals connected with lakes '. .v 57 Gnwth of oides connected irith lake trade 59 Vo. 1. Vermmt dlufrkf— Described, with snnunaiy statemento pf coasting and Canadian trade, and the amount of tonnage 60 Ko. 2. (SmmflmiMl^-'QmertX descripthm, with statements showing the nature, qua^titj, and Tahw of the Canadian and orasting trade and tonnage of this district 63 'No. 3. Ofw^ysedUe.— Oeoeral description; and tables showing the nature, quantity, and Talne of the articles componng the Canadianwid coastwise trade of this district .... 66 Bo. 4. CqM VtnaiM. — A geneml description, with tables exhibiting the CanadUan tradti md tonnage of the dHstrict in delul ^ . . . . 70 Vo. 6; flMMf « HaihoT.—k general deiiplption, with returns showing in detail the coast- wise and Canadian imports and exports, and the Canadian and coaling tonnage of tbo cHstrict..... ,. 71 fib. 6. OnM)gfo.— <3eneral description, with sereral statements, exhibiting in detail the Canadian and coasting trade and tonnage of the district ...^. 75 Ifo. 7. GeiKMe.— General description, with taUes illustrative of the Canadian trade and tonnage of the district 88 ITo. 6. iV^fom.— General description, with tables exhibiting in detail the Canadian and coasting trade and tonnage 84 ITo. 9. BijfmUt Cmk. — Description, with eleven statements showing the ootisting and fi»«ign commerce of this district in detail and with abstraota 87 "No. 10. iVufusltb.— Description with tables showmg the oommeibe of this district ia datafl : : 161 Ho. 11.' CaydbjfiB.— General description, with statemmts showing the imports, exports, ""' . nd tonnage of the district faidet^ 165 yo. 18. flsi i mty .—Descriptiiw, with tables gtvfaig details of Canadian and eoiiitingtaiiB, - imports and exports 175 Ho. IS. JIfMMii.— <]enend remarks, with five tables showing inqiort and export trade, and tonnage 184 No. 14. iMrvit— Genend description, with tables niostrative of the nature ai^ nkie of the eommeree of this district...^. .^ 191 No. 16. JWscUmip.— 'Description, with a table showing the qnuutity uid njoe cS ht- «ign invorts. fOf No. 16. nliHndUs.— Description, with a table diowing the fanporta and e^poita of tUi *■**•«*••■■ , aio No. 17. tiUo^.^DeacriptioD, with statements showfaig the onmneroe of tfte port aa^ il«triet ; 315 Noje. AnmMif ^A description of each of tile great lake* in extent, reao^«ea, tribo- .I^ftnes, outlets, preseirt and proqMctive oonuneroe, with • map SS3 ^111 1 on tiM geohigr, mfaerdogjr, and topography of ti» lands aroond Lake Sfrperior. . SSI Cleaehd view, with eight tabular stotonenU of the lakes: No. 1. Statement exhibiting the trade and tonnage.^Cana&n and Ammioan,) thn tonnag* enitdled, and die amoont of duties coUeotai, fai eaeh of the oolleotion dia- trusts M the Ifl^es; and tiM aggregates of the lake eoBnnMee,fcr year 1851 846 «©. 8. Statement dmwfaig tiie quantity and value of the principal aitielea vim9rud '^J^'!!^*''l^*l'*^ii*^ti^^liik^ 77..... MB iT f I 8, ntnliiBPiint "^Mt'Wfaj *ii« - t itt— j-. 1 r — .» ^ i» ■ i « 1 ^ jL ,%.^,"5» *••*•« to Canada during titeyehr 1861 9K J? TlIlJry "*»* 'fcoyfa* *he ^"« of wwae of tiie principal artidea of Awfan mww m-^mx^f"*^ froai tiln DoUeotien diatrioto on the jaha finnttar to Onudn li ! Na. 5. at lakafr ,Uak.a iw. 6. ot diatriat No.7.:8ti -'Erieroa No. 8. Sti exporte >o/th iteifi American 4 IfatrodnfltoiT |i!i|ew loix .. . eanals,and four princi 18S0tol8G iBaOnndaof] Iroadsof] |The Maaoachi onneotiont 1 ■New Jersay.. [Pinunylvaida iDelawan Maryland.... \yb0iii» [Hiprth earoUn fCardin r««oni«..... rifcniaa. Il^syatemol ] Alabaroa . ... Ifiasissl^... pbonisiann.... nPnaa ...."... jAlkansaa.... I'ltenesaee... iKmtncky.... Olio Indiana.. lOeUnB....' nuaob ., IWasMoi...... I _ .} r»^" Jawa....^.'y.. Italboadalnth [BeonoBloaivit fnatj 'of nmtii lOiatorrailni^ jl^briarataton >«haVnit0d it -'•"•" LJ .,.- Iinirfl) 1^1%^ 14 ommeroe of , 46 - 45 40 49 49 51 53 ■-.... 54 1 55 .V. 57 69 idCaiiaditui ......^... 60 «, quantity, 63 laatity, and iitrict 66 adiantradii .......... 70 ilthecoast- nageof the • . . 71 detaO the 76 D trade and 88 madianand MkaUng and idiatriotia 161 it, exports, ~" ......... 16b itiiigtnde, > 175 ; trade, and ...•• ..•• lo4 ndviahieof toe of Ibr- tot Mtaortfaia 810 i portaajl SIS wea,triba- 923 i^^erior.. 891 [loaB,) the wtion dia* ii 846 I in yit e d Ataonthe. m «^aa«w 7 oa?ii^iia ' ^4^ ft«n CanadlaHSiS^ftlS^farSrfellJ !SS ^'^ diatingdrfdng . 868 (For Part m, 8ee,Appeadix.) ^m " PART IV. iliMnoM Mitf / |D|ewiorK. . 879 law KirfaX?w ' ' "* *^ *^"^ '""»•"*' ♦'f *^« U»»t^ States fiom iBpiboadaofNewYoik ••.. 980 nBannMula of New England..... 800 iTheMaaaachiiBettaiyateni.......'*.' 996 onneoticiit and Bhodfe laland * ''SW lirewJeraqy.. ";- ' 304 |PK«B^ylvania " • 308 fDdawar« - SIO Maryland ; r ^118 ▼»««i»i» :...:::::::: "r wa hHorth earoUna * 383 hSWthCaro&a ."„ ' :.. 38r |«eoni«.... ::;:; -■ ■ 388 [itoiilaL :: • - 331 mSSL" • ■ S Wl a aia wppi i.... Sa» EhSEJ.... • 3«» Iteaa....... :.: , Ml jiLrikanaaa * AM 4ESL« :::::::::;::::: SS K«Bt«ek7 — m ouo :::: sso IndiaBa ' 368- miaS 88S [ulmomA 88B WlaooMl^,.. ; :: SIS fo"» ::::::: «m WhwidefaufceBrWahproTfaee^.'."". • 'W 2££f'±!:?!^?'«^t*>"sii^'""^ " • 2 r^""- vH-..,.,!!! 'T -"' ' ■ ■ ■■' ■''•>• ■.. - ■. '\''" ■■ .«! ■m ' I I/- 1 PABTV. ^' ')■ fa>l poiMoB.... .... ..^.c^V;^.— 407 CtommerM of Cauda; extntet fimn Mr. KMfera fiimr irrtr i^ <*» iMBili uf f^iii 4m . Floor a«l«ftMrt«90itBdfifoat Canada tel86»aiidlWlv.,r .TTTITT:.' «[3 Jbt«aiU!ng;ddiM (and tooiiage)buUt in 1649, 1860, and 18^1 " ^, Trade and toaaage in 1860 and 1851 .".*.'.".'.'." ^1 SonmiaiyBtatement of tea and inland trade... ". ^"' ^i Sea and inland immorti oompaied !!!!!!" 422 Value of importa mm otiier edooiea and foreign countries 400 Fds imported at Boston and New York, ud thenoe fonnidM to Canada tmder bond ••■»««» Quutity and valne of Canadian floor and wheat received at New Torfc'in'id49 i860 and 1851, and thenoe exported "w"i««i» C(^ratiTe statement of the import and export trade of Canada'for 1*849) 'l^/ni Pttbllo#Mks of Canada".................'.'." ]rap and down trade of Wellandcmia,Vreoiind" 1851. '.'.!".'. " «ai up and down trade of St. Lawrence eanala in 1850 and 1861.... ^1 &^''''^&nA^ on the Erie and '^'fk^'c^xx^li Uth'mh^^ frdglit'. IJfl %of iron awl wheat transported by Erie and Welland caoala ~ ^*^ Jl .....^.... TABUS. *S!Sr*2!iT"*.?*^'^ ^ »'«»'«' of American «>d fe«ign Tesaala. airf alia SJSSS T'*^'!^*^* *!^'> ^^^ *«»• United sS^JoSiTwhS ^iiSrS •^•**°?JX*'^ *<^ moTementof MWHwty on tSwItmL W^ a CteipantiTe atatement of <«Porto "IdJ S^|^ a^i'h' ifiii '"••♦<•>•<•*.•• 407 alxf'flMlit,. 409 — .;. «i3 414 ........ .a^... 415 Mfcee mAd lioai. 418 «1 ---.. 421 420 422 422 423 484 «5 W 426 427 427 sam andaailing - 428 ■' 430 431 430 43S mM&rwardod •- 433 id49, 1860, ana 433 BrioanedoniM 434 lower ooIooIm -• 485{ ::;:::::::::« 436 4I0| [en • •- 4lDi wight 441 441 1m W. .itftte ;ifev.^4t (toflt ^9mpvaillTe9t%tflment of total dutiAaitfMiAiin»,^i.n iji . **"g«. l.RCo^WMiTertat^entofffelS4^d^^^^ *«> vidoii expprted. - .TT . . . . . _ . _ '*I«>«e«l m 1850 and 1851, indicating oountriw to Mea.ll. 12„U)«nd 14. Shoidngtiw trade of "n«iiiJ«'JjVK;i:'T;V"V^ 461 ^l.'!:!:/.':.'"."'*^- ^'^'^^ *«"«^t^«5^ o?t£*Sor'^v^^ ^ S:tLt ^^d'lS^^'^.'.'^^ »'~<»"-"»^<^-^' -po-^f«;i •Qu;iec-.nd "^ ibles 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29. Shottinir thn* Prnn'ri.' 'L""1C 490, 491 United State-; imports at Sadt ^e M^e ffii±"'T*''^ f^^^^ «™«« *« the John, in the year 1«1 . '»^«- "*"«- Hamilton, Toronto, Kingrt»n, and St. iblos 30 to 38, incfcaive. Showinie th« Vr'«'nLiV t^A^ "e^" "■,"".; V 494 to 500 by the ports of Boston and N^Kork '^'^ *''* ^""'**^ S^^^es ^ble 39. Comparative statement of th6 irrosV r«h" w' ^IJI •'■■,■-■ 801 to 504 ■duties in the years 1848, 1849, 1850 and^l "* recev^ from customs We 40. StiMOment showinif the relativn nmnnn* "VI"' ,' 505-' Canadian vessels at the ports of Oswego Cwf ^T n "S- ?""•* '" American and *We 41. Statistical view of the commS of cL,^,' '"'t^."?'^"' ^"1850 505 and exports from Great Britain Src^iriL*^' *•*''''''*'"« *»»« ^^l-e of imports tomuge of veaseh, inward id oiSLrlnJSo ..'**' """"*'•'"'• *«8«t*'«' **th the 506 PART VI. i * The Protinee of New Brunswick. iphical position; agricuItuAl capabilities it and character of river St. John 607 >rof St. John: never frozen ' 508 lePetikodie; nev mineral found there 508 ^on^thegulf ooastof thisprovinceisi^i^V^oc^^^ 508 r*™jJ!^*?''^'PP««»'>; Bathunrt. ..''.'.'.■."' 509 bayof Chalenr; Besdgouche. 510 Sril!''^^'*""'"^«'^^™n«'^<'"kinV849mdi856 "® trBSiSrei"4"«d'tS '""*'"' '"^'"' -i*»^Vf ^P. ownei-in '" Itte teblet for the year 1851 513 »Sjh?r4tr£7n1S?';SU^^^^^^ ''' ■"WoS"t:t^fflsSr/^r'^''^^"-^ ''". anft:lhil'"S ••^^«'' «f ^«Hc,n-^;^p^i- -«-„„u,uii;^-. "» 186{^.'.^?!*"*."'P'^«'P^ "*''*« '™P^^"«t'^'ioinVromii;Ud;ed"^.i;;i "'' "^..^•wwMdontbayalnlSSOV. " ^ of Bathunrt... t^wueeoffiioWbwto...'.;;: «» N^BrvaMriek for 1851... * «» iriesofNewBniittwicklnthebayrfFtodr .•^-...... MT 1%',S!"P^"«"»' Wert Je?.'!??: 5l worst. JohDi Cnmberiaod bar niMoftkewflAwiMtaieM.;.;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; r , ihr CONTENTS. i Cttaptsni y^Metob TUae of i Valneori Trade bet dnotae] Qnantity I during t Venels in VesselB ou Value of t The port ( Proposed) The harbo Li|(ht-hout Ships inwn fihipa outw Comparati' Comparati^ Imports int Imports fri Westlm American i Number of 1849, and -.•'■ ■ ' ■•■■■"■■ :v r^tt. Tk« fi«e n^figatkm of the St. Joba — ^. .••;>, • ^ .... ittS* Length of the river; dUEufotJarls^otioni .......\ g^j Ezp^rtdntf upon timber out en American territory aad floated down heri«^ for «ame periodL ^ f^ Trade between ifewfoundland knd the United StnteaVquantlty" "liiid'^uVif rtiiife '^ dncti exported from NewfouShind to the United StMwin IsS^lffiO \S ^ '^ ««, ' SST taperta and exporte in 1850 and 1851 \ 22 New vessels sold at Newfoundland in 1851 \' ' SI* Veaaels entered and cleared in 1850 "A" $2 VesMli entered and cleared in 1861 "'\ ••* Value of expoiti b 1851 "T •"^ \""\ • •;• «»' PABTX. SrS^''2^*^*°*«<»'>«'.Mdi86i ...t-*:— " s» ^ "- ■ ~-^Ji:\ -jilil;:— -.tVtx!:;^' i-t .f B g .„ _ , ... PABTXL V^^-^--^-'-'M'i*ftr — the «iltat of the aeMoaat of theae ooloaiM Jkm Biwnrick and Nov, SootU^ « «t'»«ta ^ N^ii^jiliitair^^^^^^^^^ ^w C;... i. ' q^i Indfl of twenty-three Atlantic f)oil4.«Hth New BroAawick, Nova Sootia, NeWfonadiaiid, Mkd Prince Edward Island, in 1851— four tables .' Qg^ Tmmage inward and outward between nine principal leaporta of the United States and the lower colonies in 1851 j,, Qcgj Coipparative statement of all tonnage inward and outward at the principal suaports o( the United States, and of the colonies, in 1851 q^Q • ■ . PARTXn. BeritK of the prueiU $taU of the Deep-tea Ftthtrits of New Englaitd. Amount of these fisheries since 1783, and summary of legislation respecting thorn by W. A. Welhnan, esq ,- ' ' qqq Statement of allowances to vessels employed in the fisheries /['* gor TABLKS. iWbles No«. 1 and 2. — Statements of the quantity and value of dry and pickled fish im- ported and exported from Boston to foreign countries from 1843 to 1851 636 637 TaUes Nos. 3 and 4.— Statements of the dry and pickled fish warehoused in Boston iunl ' Charlestown from 1847 to 1851 638 639 Table No. 5!— Tonnage of vessels employed in the fisheries in the fiscal rears 1843 to ' 1850, inclusite ~.f. Table No. 6.— Imports of dry and pickled fish during the fiscal years 1843 to 1850 in elusive • g^ Table No. 7— -Exports of dry and pickled fish from the United States durinc the fii^Vl years 1843 to 1850, inclusive •"« menscai TdWe No. 8.— Pickled fish inq>ected in Massachusetts from 1838 to 1850, inclusive. " " 652 Table No. 9.— Statement of the tonnage of vessels employed in the fisheries of the United Stateafitr several years.... gc- TSable No. 10.— Abstract of allowances to fishing vessels, paid at the port of Boston for .thefiahingseaaonsof the years 1841 1« 1850, inclusive g« TMe No. 11.— Abstract of fishing vessels lost during the year 1851 -...!!!!!*!!. ^ :, PAHTXUI. ^.^y- jFhe French Fu*eriet of Neu^ouHdland LifliWM to fiaUnjr bounties in France --, Bgrt 9ntlie great sea fisleries of France by a committee of the Nktlond' iin^imblV, ^strw^of the law granti^ bi»untieV to the fliheriM,' pa^ 'ju'ly22,' 1851 ! ! ." ! ." S{ BeturMf,Te«el. fitted out in l-^ance for the cod-fishery ftom 1&I2 to I860, botj, j^ * Amount rf sums ^dM'bomtiCTf^^ • JJ ''t^i^moT^.^S^J'' ^« -'^' '" '^^ -•"- «-*«- ^»*-' «> 1 '^^^.^r* «^,<«P«rt«» from pii^' where «^ to'^id^ otFtiii^' mi ' ^^At^'^ e^*^""""' ft*" »842 to 1850, inclusive ™. . _ 681 -ifflJ^iSi?^^""'""''';*"*' «"»"?* of bowitytheiwn... ._.:_.. ' 682 lSSS^2^£^fcl?^t^ifc»^rl''''«"~^^^ by.fl.hermcnof Pr«c;to^ ^ Katice of i ^ Statement ^ Receipts ii I Statement the inde Valuation < B-. \m aince nsft, 621 ^eWfonndland, 682 Jwtei States J., 627 al Bui^rarts of ■■"rv^m'v^ }.r> ^^• svi APPENDIX. gland. ing them, by 629 635 Uod fisb im- 636,637 t Boston and 638,639 'An 1843 to 640 t to 1850, in- 642 ig the fiscal 644 cIusiTc 652 )rie8 of the 654 Boston, for 655 656 661 Assembly, 661 671 both years -■" ers ©74 iistricts of 875 Vance, «Qd • •■• >■«• OCXI to French 681 »f France, 682 Bcotofor- 683 eigBcoan- :t ......^ «r fement of - £l?nw r'?**?^*l'"'^**"«»*'"«»™»«»»ftheconntiy ^ .ter'*'* i™^ ""* «»""«"'« population, &c.. for several yeai ^ Beceipte uto the treasury from custoo.; and other sources!.!™ . ' 1 /^'^r^rr.'^!:^:?.^^^^^^^^^ «nd popuhuiontothe s,«^Jlvi;m-i;i-ti the indebtedness of the several States in 1851 . ;tteVd[oi^Lr,,std'Ki?^rs^^^ ^mpanson of property among urban and rural population ' '"* '^^ '" rtble showing the amount and value of thn ni«Hu-.i-: 'i .••:•-*>"•-- - States for the year 1^2 :_„ * Pnniuotio^of agri«^^;tte United Bemarks upon the ajiriaultiiniffaiKU * •-*•"■;••. i.-.fcili..: 689 69a 689 upon tbe agricultural table m 699 etatemeuto showing the number of nin'iifiiijtilrinV V8tobiiihiVntli'in'"tJ^'^ Notes on the amount and tendency of Ohio commerw 2J? Aor^ates of the receipts in leading article, of domestic proi-u;;';t'ti;-l«kV;;.ilri;« ^ TaWeofmanufactureslnClndnnatiforisioiiiHilfisb" 2J? Destination ofpnncipal article of export of Cincinnati..." — ZJI fipeeiflc notice of Cincinnati »•«"•" yj| Statement of imports from all soarces for Ave yean Statement of exports from CfaclanaU for five /ears Commercial notice of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania ::}: Commercial notice of LoulsvUle, Kentuoky Its growth, population, and commerce ... Conmietdiiiiijrtioe' oVaVi^Miw SSr.'JMWtl'SXr I'^^^P** •rtici^'iwi^d'it »:Lo"ui; d«" Steam marine of the Interior ' Steam marine of the Mlsslsslroi*TOnOT"" "* ^^HHMk ivIB i/ OONTKXTa ttjlniniinf rf the Bonber of atoMii aad MOvawdbi loat oa tiw lak«M and riiwn «r th« jpwior dqiqf tbe TCW 186J, iritli the eaHM and iBuner of loM, and Bo^ urtiit jnriihod thirrirjr r i 747 C^MalavmiaanipefltiiwitoamBH^ortheintadK j.,. 749 1)ibnlarTto»gftheeDtira«teaaaMdM«rfth»lAiM'aiBtea.... 751 Ifarinfl dinat^n on the weatem inten ia ;1858 -. 759 Ckiinnn>wial»ottoeofyeirOrleana,Loiiiaiaiia .....L 753 BeautHu lytnOiamL. Hodge, eaq.,ott the eenunerdaladfaiitagea of New Orieani.., 754 Titie eiUUting the Taloe of the prindpaTartielMlaqported firom the interior faito New Orleam at tereral perioda <• ^ 7Q0- ll^ltaraeiit ihowiag tfalBTalae of esporta aad importa at New Orieaoa, nmnOjr, from 1634 '^)|ol851,inel«aive «••—•>■ .— -.., , .." 76$ ItMameat of 'the raoeipta on aeoomit of dntiea ooDeeteAat STew Orieaaa fton 1835 ta !^aa»»,l(Ka,iadmdn......: -- *,., 7^ ttttifliiieiitofiHaa^and toBsaMofAmeiffewand intf^ \\ trade fa the diatnet of New OneaBa,iiMeh entered aad ekared anniallj from '^>' *' 1861, faehaiTe * ,..-., 759 OginiaaraUneilaikflflioWle,Alabaaw...., -. fijff (K^tement ^Mai; tlw ttbrta aad deatinadta of eo^ iatfriulipti importa i^to Mobile hr five yeaia. endinf Aiqfiiat SI, iissii''."!,^ 7MI i of nmiUMrr aad tonna^ of veaada vmphjeA in foreign tndefar lh* AMist or Ibbile, whieh entered and denied annnaUl^ fronrlSM to 1851, inehnifa.... .... .... n» btarodnetoi]rnoteai9on thegiaogrnUedaad eemnerdatpod^ 794 fietter from W. L. K»dge, eaq., Aaaiataat Seeratiiiy of Um TrMNoiy, relatire to the tmdeofAaieileaa porta of the Golf of Hexieow. .j,.,.,-. . f$f IMtor from Hon. E. 0. CaheB, rdatiTe to intemd teprovementa aad a^cdiBMHnJM: . ofHorida....:....... J..,. ......". : .v i...... Wi ni^^ktfoflliBiieoaad theStraitaofllMMa..... »* 7M WMttoneief af the United Statea, and atetbdeaidatiafliMm^ l-i, 805 1 9t eotioa fooda, 1858....- -,^....„ 838 i>rt8<^/eni^«Mlongooda,l868......... :., ?.i.. ...... . 839 Drta of raw oottoa, 18SB ^.. gi^ vfta of donieatie eottoa gooda,18SB.... 111*^11 840 'Soati<« of Ar^yn oottoa gooda e^orted from 1831 to 1863 ...."*! dH leation ut in m Ut eoma gooda eq^rted frrai 1896 to 1859 ,', 843 ieatlon of daineatioprodaeta exported from 1831 to 1852....^ 844 tdoneatieprodaoe exported, indnding necie, &«., rince 1831 845 . J»»n;aqf fbidign oottoa gooda Imported, and total exported and eoaaamed, fivta (■"•ite 18M ............'....,...............,,...,. ._^_ ^ ggg ^]f^??'»^«?*."y!***.''y* »TO.... ....;:.:::::::::::::::*.::; 848 • - ' 7** «•'*■»'<• rf*'»Aflw«*«8t«*e««ni«Waa 849 'ifua^^ *«i*» of exfuiU aud iiii|iorlH uf Boatou and New tmi (cwn 283( t0 HuMrta ud IM^ rf nil^^ wdBaito(iiVfeiil^ ^ig*> «>....erChaneBton..... mg ISSJTlAnJiliJJT^ N«^T0i*. Pl^nddph^ ttd BaltimoM fttti'lSR to 1858.'; 864 Weoent exhMting the nmaber of American and feidgn reMMk, and (Jidr tdBnaaa. ^JS^Tt^*"^*'*^^^^*'^^^ Beaton, wUohealmd «b1 deniedfrSl ' *S^iS^.^ "™.*» *• «rtrictof New Terk.. .... .....^.... ....,..,.. 8te 'WtUiNtingtheaiuueui thediatrititofFhOaddDhia . "^ "^ ',*" ^ leiMM^ tteaanieinthediatrleeof Ptorthad ^. ..'.....::. SS ja fron 184S to 1881^*" """"'^ •"•^ >;,«>.,. .--*- ^^^ ^2^gttomtabe*aBdiwwi.tfmaalal^ rMM 0ii«to. Willi ti^ toMiff. SiwrTiSH j^^trr. r *• fe?«t .1, merkkM,. 74S IrtTMnorth* barofpflnoM 7«T i.,. T« 761 7W 753 irOrieuu.., 754 irior into New 75» D/, from 1834 .— . 768 from 1885 ttf ..•.....»«.. 7S9 wd fai fmign \\ ftou 1896 to ^^ 78© 780 78f )^ flbtllM OF ........... 983 a*...'...... 764 latire to «1m .••'».... If. 9W alnoHisw^.- ....t...... «» ....U...^* 7M ■■^ »' -»* — - 838 ........... 839 840 • •••• ■^^••» Owl 843 848 ........... 844 845 ramod, ttaUk ...- m 848 849 :viB 183{ to .,..-...-. 861 4 •»•«*••.*• 8SB Stotttt.. 864 sir tounfo^ le^ni ftmii ' « ^ . . . .-. . . . , , Ooo ■'•'-« 'I' '• '^tm *•*?.'•/*••*.■ ^? .......... to ••••«• •«•■ QOv 890 'Wife 'IfBp..*.. 868 dMvti Ik ; m^.hnm 1886toTw:."T..*???T ^^*^ Wk I. *. tW^j m,^ ^'^• •^4SS^5?'^*?*»^*''VortilBtothomfa«|p^^ 2 ?^lS!i:^,£J?T!f^^«^*«^ 2.' ' ?JS?'!5*^i!^'"^^«*^rt ^'.^ SS , -««wi«»r tarn,... ........*. J:;;;-,{... \ ^ ■••.-_ . \ • ■ . - .4H|J. ■:.n W-h-^^ 4#' < ^J&«fai:i&.-k .:;.-i^S4;:ivA,". < INTRODUCTORY. Senate of the UniteyStates- ^ foUowing resolution of the ^ ihe t'^e.1r;fci^:J^^^^^ ^7-ted to con.„,„„ieate >lete statements of thTt^rS.; ^^^ next jjpssibn, full and com- [ca« colonies with theVS^^e, aT/'^.^^^'^^ ®"^^*^ ^««^ ^mex. and and by sea, in thi y^e^ iZVdUl'ir^ l^'f ^«^l^' °^ |.e can pr^ure of the^e of th§ i^at lakej - '^""^ »«formation as 3c^er^^dtlfc^^^ S^. i-Portanceof allthesub. .ranches of national intSanrihfnpJ"^.'"''*? u""'?'^" «?» "««y lubmitted to you in thrCrrrLrr "^*^^'«"y ^^^l^t^'*? such report onunemial inte^S of XgreHake^^^ '^h'^"? ^ the »ce,ve prompt and c^efulVSLifa^dlat*^^^^^^^ " «^«"Ld T^itr • Pr^°^??i^^«'-^"^^^^^ -formauonob. ^?^S^jr$^/t^ S^any subjects ideratioo of the ^vrrn3^ " '"•*""' '^'^ «^« ^«' the con- le undersigned to fAy^vZSnlJL^L^ '^u^^":^' ''^^^ i«d«ced « various^impc«aS^ub1^t invS • ^*^** distinctive feature of solution of thVSJate"^ "^'^^ '° ^^^^ instructions and the m of any notice that may bel cons^dp^ff^ u "* /nj«8tifica- remcmiered that thTweioS^ mitt^ -^ ,""^^ extended it must It v^ious and imS«rdiXJ;^' "^ °2^? **»« British colonies. ey are interwJ3^A ^fcr^^^ f *^ '^"'^ States,- 1^^ eign and coastinff trST^uZ^ ' ^^ ^ aavigation and the i^^. -«. ^, ^ ^«™ mis.s sriS o :4. t n. Dioc* ilk. United States are fuller than mf before pre«ented to tfcp gDTe^^ne■i in this IbfBi, and such as could only be obtained by,|nreat febor and expeiMt', they may be relied upon as being generiUy ■Vt'" s m eoTiect. They bare been collect **«1^ ftoi» various soorcts, o^cial and miolficial ; and h M due to the put,; to state, that it is prinbipally owing tothe different modesof conducting the inland trade of the country, that (Statisti- cal returns of an oflScial character are not made as to much of that trade. The returns from several of the custom-house districts on the kkes are venr cretlitable to the collectors by whom they were prepared; while the returns from others were in many respects incorreet incomplete, causing loss of time and great trowfcle in rectifying perfecting them. - . . , ii The necessity for a well organued system, m order to obtafti rect account" jjf the lake trade, must be obvioUs. The w^nt ofsf kiw to enforce "gven the present imperfect system, the great increase of; liusiness, and its diversified character in nearly all the, districts, and 1 (the limited clerical force aDowcd in swme of them, are all causes of difficulty in obtaining and arranging in a creditable and satisfac- Upry manner, full, accurate, and entirely intelligible statistics of the lake trade, and of the general Internal commerce of the country. . It is proper also to state that the emknrrapsments now existing,, will increase in a corresponding degree with the certain and aUuost incal- £.ulable annual increase oj^i^s trade and commerce. Thi? iJl-arranged andJPwrfect system of managing the lake trade Ajid internal commerce of toe country is presented to tbe notice of the | ^pyernmeot, and offered aa an apology whjr the report on this trade and commerce is not m6re worthy the high importance of the interests'] ijayojiyed* If national co^iderations should induce a desire on„ the part of the government to posses* other reports ou the internal trade (Of the comrtJy, it will be necessary to provide for a more perfect sys-f t^m of jBtaji/stjcal returns and to carry it ouj by legfd reauirements. | Jt is not intended to suggest that any novel coercwe laws should be! , fl^pted, interfering with the free and unrestricted Exchange of goods] fti)d°productioos of oil ^inds between difierent^^ti^s of the country.] Free commerce, especi^llv^internal commerc^nra^^Ml by restraipisj i^rigiqatin^ in sectional orHl^al partialities, o%^fflM|n|i'7 ^^^^' interests, is no boon from any government to|||^pmN^it is uoques'l tioi^ably their natural right. There cafi be no aoubt that a systeinl jqi^ight be easily devised, under the authority of the Treasury Depart-! |f{)ent, which would meet eveif requirement and promote the interestu "thi? trade, . 'i . - ' I le» character and cbropleteness of our statistical reports, wel id othclr countnes^wia no authority but that of CongressI public e!^PNl&| ever'been' steadily fixed on the foreigti com-l of the country ag the right arm of national strength.' This com-l ^ h«9 increased so mptdlyt^md^h e tr ad eaywefl^ as t he teri flS^avej been so gready changed, that new arrangements of the old returns arej ^'WaD'ded to enable the, departmental condensations to be perfect and IfNWy Wtdligilile, The reports on commerce and navigation nowl fpwibe (otSl tonnage of the United State*, but do not state the cha^| t'*t5k tA^wllsi.*. annually, and theiie inipipv.mi in Lt „^ ** ***** *^*"^« Congress and they might be fuller in TtaH ban hnTr*^!;"^"' *^"*^^ "^«. «r4ensive statistical accoun s of the ,0.^"''^"° submitted; with f^^^nguishing between ^tea^e^s Jd'Svessll '"^ ""^'«*- ^^enthe trade was ?n its^faLrat^Sr^e ^Je^J^i^^lS :, « Ad^nTr^^^ P\ce in Congress, of lat« yea,^ i-pn>vement o&ra'nd^rCoir' ? ^"^ P"*^*^ land."! J^T^ inents have been adduced in- many cAse« rfi ™^T^ statistical state- mothers This is attributabTe S^ttXnce'^^^*!? "'"'^ king this report, the puTli^adonsSa"^^^^^ information in mj. "De Bow's Review." the •« Sers-M? • ' ^^'^'l^"^' ^''^^ine '' R^oad Journal." as the most^^nlhuTth!!"" ^"^ **^ " Americi The undersigned is fullva w Je of it ! i • u''""*''^- who have limiSd means o^^n^ae^r^ci"? ^'^" '^r'"^^ ^'^^ ^^ose jdellt^rrtl:'^^^^^^^^ -t' ^'^ -er S. Lawrence, is fuUy " l^mres, and the mfluence tliust oxeS^ ^ ?^^^ ^^'^ P»»yS Iments, ar« without parallel ^ndhistoSn? *"? ^"*"^x *°^^ ^^veW beasure, it. yalue \o be esSS^ated SifSf^*^"''!, ^ ^« ^" A^^^^ca^ ^bshed. tha..,by what it musTa^blevrinTtrnrl'' "" ^^^ «'-«>°>- . The attention of the civilized wnruV P^°»'*3«- interest to the constant mdTlZ^e em? '^^ .^'^^^ted .yith gr^t ^Njw. In former time^sX&'.^nr^TK*'?^^*^^^^^^ meaoro^4ong „Dd toilsome iiurnVys hlTnt 1 k ^'''* ^^^^'^ «>"nt»7 by . 'nt^age have multitudes £Sf^^L^ • "** **"* "«^er untU the br^ * 2«fferred from conSlo^LtLramr;'^ ^ by such means as vemTaLr^li^'^.u'^^^^ JE7»''ff>.^d ocean .r^^^rT ^ ^ '^ ^^^ ^^^ ^0^^ " ' LcuiuM 01 nn Alto w^^A*— Ifflitketa. SfF^ *?»*yro^«,.» '"^ "°*^^ *>e .designated as the ««« 1 bat portion Qf the" Gi^at W*.»f»» ».. ' ^ a«n of the St. Lawrence J^Ss n^Syed « ^ '^T'' ^^*^°'« of the -.. of our country of the^aluX^^^^fc^^ [A^^J^-iyW '^ \. ^■■N ff ,.,. I - \ 1-4 %' * *i ' • «^ii:„«Tipp and wealth, of the hundreids of Wisingfrpth the H^^^ry, «iteU.gence^a^^^^ ^^^^.^ ^usands of foreigners who. wrthn a c^^^^^ F^.^^^^ ^j^^ landed "P"«/"' ?^^^;; JeU^^^^^^ ieaS. having its basison the enormouaandconUt^uousaccumum western region, over arnt>le resources and natural riches o^^^^jP^ ^^ ^.^^ which the star of American «Xd incrT.^^ population in the Gi^at In connexion with ai^unequdledincr^ .^^^^aordinaxy and so West, the growth of the l^^^^^tJn^nTof its. present estent and ranid, that but few persons are cognizani f ^Ti641 the gross a-unt o^ f^^^^^^^^ of dollars In 1^46^t^^^^^^^^^^^^ ,f Colonel Abert ^f the milhons. In 1848, accoromg commerce of the Jakes was topographical ^T^^^L*' Jf^ Sons Owing to various causes, but one liundred an^ ^'S^YnXx Sr«^ersra«a the opening oi newand particularly tothe great mfl^^^^^^^ J .^^^^^^ ^^^ extensive l^n^s of mtercommumca^^^^^^^ J ^^^^ ^^^^^^^ more largely, unol, ^" 1^^^' ^'^^ 1" £^^^^ the value of the property mUUon.. And t^^^^^^^X^^VhasTn^no been taken of the chii of constantly changing hands, nor nas any "" vessels, ur tjie profits of the ^^^^^^J^^^'^^ -^ ^ practicable therein, It is not ^i^^'^^Sof tL t^ld^^^^^^^^^ Mississippi, to attempt a/uU «I^"?°'J°* ^.^^Xouch that great vaUey, unsurpassed theMissoun,ortbeOhio,fljw^^^ ^^ V^ Old^orld. ^ in aU the elements of wealth by auj^^^ particular and earnest This trade ^^^ .^"^.'^;^^^^ itL here ^oper to state, that one attentionof American statesmen, av^ i F i- ^^^^ ^ great cause. of the growth of the^e trade ^^^^ .^ ^^^^F Sal invesugation as to the entire interna trade «* »»»f W^«^; 3^, g^g 1 In 1836 there left the lakes by the Ene canal for tide-water, dO,a^J ton^of wheaHnd flbv^. In llsi there left the same pou.ts. on the same canal, 401,187 tons of similar articles. rrisi the total amount of wheat and flo"^ ^'jJ^^.'^'^^.S^f^.t" water by the New York canals, was 467,694 tons; showing that while bLtS^een r lakes and tide-water the State ot New York furnished STs? tonT or over 76 per cent, of the whole quantity dehvered, in ?^1 it Sy furnished 66,4 3^ tons, or a boutll^er^ei^^ k-to odier Modona) wQl allow to b« now nude. I ;|V ^ / BLim. im. tolls atnountinff to SI fi14 «?l9.Tifi • iLf • *^^«o34,343, and paying »«„» 1 '" » 9i.oi4,J4»; while m J851 it amounteH in -i aqo <»qq tons, valued, ascending and descendinff, at H59^q? sm 1., ' I ?. amounting to $3^329 727 ^ tay,y81,801, paying tolls zigzag cLse/TheirsuSsVS^^^ *^* P^^^^»^ ^ , by one great outlet the nnWr af t ^""^ their way to the ocean a channel of communication between the wJS a "^g^^y river as nevertheless certain to be L^ u7eV nn^ . • ^"^ the Atlantic, it is in proportion to eveiy materi^stride rf. '"""^"^ ^" importance. Lentof thecountiylXbg^onltTk^^^ P-P-Uy and advance- dof^r a"!^!;;::,!^^^ - ^r for^he espedal acco^moda- |tendingfari^t7thrSLTthJ:" wf"' '' ^^'^^ *^"«5 ^^^ile ex- of th^ region! Lake^SerL^^H^^^^^ '" '"f'^ ^''^ requirements report, under tl.e heaS 0^^! win ;r^ ^k' ^"'^ .^"^^'^'^^ *« *»>'« the great lakes for all the SitV an I Kt ?''' "•*"'"^ ""^ P^^^^^^^ tentf and that the Su LwrLnce L tho.V n . '1 ^^T""' f *^« ^««ti- V Ti^ere are those who Sain tlm^L^ ''"''^' '^^ '^^ '^^ ton of the St. Lawrence aXhtw wf • '"Pf^^^'nfnt of the naviga- Canadj;r.andespecLltyof W^^^^^^^ '"^-ests of the vould be promoted hyniwhmm^nZtU ^ ¥T^^ ^' ^^""^ '""^^'^^^ M such anticipaUonLf LiuTtXw V 'l"^"*^ ^''"^ ^''^ ^^«^^g tities woundless field of commerce, and a vast expansion of transportation will thereby be opened, and a development of wealth, suc^ as the • world has never witnessed, al&rded. The commercial results anticipated will not alone belong to those whose labor and enterprise may primarily effect them. Commerce ex- ternal and internal, by steamships on the ocean or on the lakes, by rail- roads aver, or canzus througn, the land, is the advance guard of civih'zation. Whenever true commerce receives any new impulse its beneficial effects accrue not only to the countiy from which it springs .but to the world. 'Its advancement is therefore one of the highest duties not only of enlightened statesmanship, but of philanthropy. i Although this report may have been elaborated more than'roigHt seem to have been designed by the resolutions or instructions Under which it has been prepared, it is believed that no apology is necessary for thus devoting a few pages to the evidences of the rising wealth of WIS broad empire. So complete is the dependence of one section of die country upon another— so varied are the productions furnished in the different degrees of latitude embraced within the present bounds of the confederacy, and yet so admirably aie the channeFs for trans- j^rtation supplied by nature and art, that the prosperity of each sec- tion overflows into the other. This difl^usion of prosperity, produced by community of interests and sympathies, freedom pf trade and mutual dependence, is a sure pledge that our political union can never be broken. The undersigned is not without hoj»e that the facts presented m this ^rt may tend to promote the straggling railroad interests of the west. Ihat section needs capital, and greater facilities for transport- auon J the former creating the latter. The magnificent systems ofrail- roads in course of construction, or projected, for the transportation of ^ZtK^ Sf r' .^°™ ^^t "^^""^ bordering on the Mississippi, so lar souui as fet. Louis, must become important channels of tradef The K^"l °?S^ '^"^^' of raihoads, as bands of union and harmony Detween the different sections of this brpad empire, can only be measured by our posterity. i' » «" "i"y oe tK^Jl^'^r'"^' '^"^"^ '^^ ^™*^ States and on account of many of tde railroads projected and in pmcess of construction in the West, are ^nf'Jl """^^ ^"""P^. ^^® capilalwts throughout the world. Ignor- Ke n^ZrffK °^ '^^ 'T'^y y^^^^' ^'" «"PP«" the roadsfSnd SL^ilonTT *^f ^""« tl'^ugh which theymss, causes thi de- Ev «!. • T. ^'^^^^Z"*- below their value. Yhe large amount of rSrThl*^ "^"P'^" '^' ^'y&l "^''^^y contemplnTed, make^ i l^!:, JL ; ^^u .»n?P«rtance, which has not been lost sight of in this of SwTw f .® °^ ^^^ obstacles encountered by the great interests "**-v prevaua m the money markets of Euippe. Kl^BoQ. 180^ rhiB jnorance is not confined to foreigners, but exists amona a kds^Ln S^T?r^r°*^ ^^^ ^'''^^' *=^"«°' understand how ^. Ids isan be built. andjna/lR tn nav. {n /.rtr«r.„,„.:..^i . . latt^ tte'rhllt^^?''^ '"""P^^'r ""T^* aT yetV alourS/cannot'aTr"! Jte the nec^ity existing for tlie constant creation of these iron Lnes Hmerce depends for its existence and extension upon chXw^ fdedas Its outlets, Primarily it follows What may be termed ^e k4^«>"tes.which^ often iot convenient ones. Modern commerce h\s sought, and is constantly creating, at great pense, artificial channelki^ and this is so true of the United St^tef L" fnr t^r- '*''t' ^°,*^§r«^at degree, superseded the natural Kf*/L '■^''T that the%ction of AmSican internal ^com. ^?^:^z-:l'±^ tr:zt^ro^ut~t; liladelphia, Boston, or Baldmok'* """ ^^^^ ^'"^ *° ^"^ ^«^^^' ^hese are the facts which ^^ive so great consequence to the leading field lines of communica^on, sucli as the Irie canal, Erie rS? ^. Western railroad, the Pennsylvania railroad, the BdUmore a^ lo railmad, the Mobile and Ohio railroad, the viginia worksTn u^ S8 forcoiinectmgthe seaboard of that State with tie western Sta?^ - ^l^^/"*'^^f^,^^*H^^^^^ ^^^^ in Georgia, aSd S Ms and canals alluded to in the report. 6 «» «uu oioer Many portions of the country are without even natural ouUets bv tlZl'^'^^iu-'' P''^"^^ *° '^^ «^«^ J«^"g or n^ond routes commerce Then- products are comparaUvely vllueless, on^couS [the cost of transportation to market.*^ The wieat and corn^fown Wntral portions of Kentucky, lUinois, and Missouri, wil not^^n spot, commmid one quarter their value in New York or the othe? rkets on the Atlantic coast. [•his difference in vdue, between the points of production and con- niption, IS owing to the cost of transportation, fience the nTeS ^"e^^d'^rr^r""^ channels S' the development ofTr ^^ bree Eff„^«\ "^^^ ^'?^°" and wider extension of inland com- ?„;» ^ ^° construct channels of commerce suited to its wZ. b now engrossing the energies and capital of the whoL coZ^ ^e at least thirteen thousand more in progre ss. Our roads completed [From Now Ork»Mi to New York .««« „ I ^' toBdtin»ro ::: J2J : ^^»«M to Borion.. **"*"'" — — rwTTV-.^.;*,«IXJ » " " to New Ywk ■.;::; js^ •• " " toPUladelphia... H?i " ;; " toMOnHMi.... .:; ^ - " " toNewOrlewtt • JS? T,694 10 M have! cost four hundred millions; those in progress will cost at leastl •two I hundred and sixty millions more— making an aggregate of sii\ hundred and sixty millions. These roads are indispensable to keepf alivife and develop the industry ot the country. j The cost of these roads will not be less than twenty thousand dollars! per mile, requiring an annual outlay of about eighty millions for works! in progress. The capital of the country is not equal to this demand, without creating emljsJT^ssment in the ordinary channels of business; and unless we dan avail ourselves of foreign capital, a portion of our works will be retarded, or we shall be involved in financial trouble*. ,» We ^(ild borrow from England, Holland, arid France, at compara- 1 lively low rates, the money needed for our works ; and it is behoved by statesmen that by a judicious e^^^nsion of our commerce with other parts of Europe to which hitherto less attention has been paid than it deserves, inducements could be created for jthe investment of a; portion of their large surplus capital in profitable works of internal' improvement in this country, yielding hieh ratejs of. interest, provided the foreign capitalists could be made to fully understand our condition,' !he necessity that exists for these works, and the prospect of their yield- ng a remunerating traffic. As it is, bur Works are mainly carried' on )y aid of foteign capital ; but we have to pay, at times, exorbitant rates J for the use of money, simply because so little is known of the ob- 1 jects, value, and productivene^ of our works. One course adopted by Aiany of those who are constructing the road* in progress is to raise money upon what are called road 6oni». These! bond^.are based upon the whole cost of the road, and are consequenth perfectfy safe investments. They are, notwithstanding, sold, on a^ average, as low as 86 or 87 cents on the dollar, and the capitalist ii alone benefited by the advance. > 1 One object which the undersigned has had in view in the preparation! of this report, is to difiuse information that will secure an active? demand for our sound securities at the best rates, so that the public- minted companies who are struggling under heavy burdens may refeeive what their securities are actually worth, and may not be compelled tS heavy sacrifices. Our companies during the present year wiij be bow rowers in the market for fifty millions, to be raised, in a great degree, oJ these railroad 6onds, This amount will be borrowed mostly from Eu] ropean capitalists, at a discount &1" 12 to 16 per cent., making an affffre gate loss jpf six to seven millions. • These bonds bear 7^^r cent, interest. The above discount brins, the rate of interest on eL bond having ten years to run to about 8^ pel cenL per annum. ^^ These bonds are sold at the above rates, because so little is knovi of the projects, or of tlfe real strength of the country. The purchasen ^mand apremium in the nature of insurance, and as soon as it is foun ««re 18 no risk they demand^ and receive a premium equal to a perfci It is no part of Uiis report to advocate, in any way whatever, an parucular railroad, or any particular route of commerce ; but ii view of the unquestionable necessity that exists for more knowledg 1^': 18m 11 discount brinj ^ these points, bo3h at home and abroad— in view of the somewhat jpnsing fact that we have no published documents which contain any formation ^m reference to our public works, calculated to throw Wit upon the subject, the undersigned haa felt it his dut/ to «ieet as i- as possible, the WMts of that great interest, although the shortness [time allowed, and the difficulty of obtaining materials, has rendered Je work much less perfect than he could have wished. The ac- Impanying report on the railroads and canals of the United Slates:' hepared with the assistance of Mr. Henry V. Poor, the editor of the mencan Railroad Journal, New York, with his map annexed, to which ierence has been made, may, it is hoped, prove to be of value not ily to the railroad interest, but to the country generally, and iii/portant Ithis period to American and European capitalists. IThe undersigned conceives that the position of our internal commerce. Ki 1 c^ f '" this report, may well be a subject of n4tional pride br he last few centuries, the attention of the wirld has ^een given to l^hrthTrTn^i''^'^'?K*'^ the discovery of America aiid the ocean ^th to the East Indies. The world entered upon a new emch when B great manUme powers struggled for dominion oh the high seas As eloquent American writer* has said: "Ancient navigation kept near 5 coasts, or was but a passage from islb to isle; commerce now se- cts, ot choice, the boundless deep. '"The three ancient continents were divided by no wide seas, and leir mtercom-se was chiefly by land. Their voyages were Hke ours H L.ake Ene— a conUnuance of internal trade. The vasthess of their insactions wm measured not by tonnage, but by counting caravans bd camels. But now, for the wilderness, commerce substitutes the a; for camels, merchantmen; for caravans, fleets and convoys " I Our time presents another epoch in commercial history. Internal t^l If/r'f i\ "^^ T^"^ "' ^"T"' ^°"^™°"- Cortamerce now it^^ih!f la^esaxid rivers, as well as of the sea, and often substi- r t f'T"" t' ^^^ l^"^"- ^°'" merchantmen, it now substitutes r,w ^ ^f •*' """* ^°"^°y'' ^^"^ "^at^ and freight trains on ar«ids. Upon tins commerce that of the sea depends. Its prosperity fcnr'' j!""^?tion of national poWer. As*^has been saJd^ya hilosophical historian,t "An extensive and lively commerce mo\M kst easily, and therefore the Soonest, be found o/the bSof W Ivers running throu^ countries rich in natural productions Su^ Ireams facilitate the Intercourse of the inhabitants;^ and a Uve y tmde It home, which promotes national industry, is always the surest fZ^ te trrl:^"'*' '"' -n-quently^f foreign Lde. The course ^d reladoris Xoh .''* ^ Sre^' measure upon exterior cireumstances U^fk ° '.u ? ''^'J°' ^"^ay^ be controlled; but internal com- ^r^. bemg the sole work of the nation, only declines with Ae nadon Bancroft. tHeeran. ^Li^^^Wi&uS'.-r J-/-^l< t< p^EM^^MI .^1 THE TBADE, COMMEBCE, iHP NAYIGATtON OF THE HEUTl|sB KOBTH AMES, ICAN COLONIES. • ' t In conformitjr with your personal directi(»i8, and piursuant to your written'instructions/ the undersigned has diligently prc^ecuted certain ii^uiries with reference to the British North Americaj|i colonies, more especiaDy as regards their fore^, internal, and intejrcolopial trade, their commerce aiid navigation, and their fisheries. leaving' procured some new and special information on these several poiiifts, of much in- terest to citizens of the United States, he submits the, same without delay, in the briefest possible fcrm, to the consideraticui of the gov. ernment Since his appointment as consul at St. John, New BrunsWk, in 1843, the undersigned has had the honor, on several occasions, ut one coaster, their vessels, year by year, without a dl se at any period, and without a single pause or check, have regu- En Zl "" """T^' ^? '? *°°°^«^' "P "^ '^^ present moment, fen then: a^egate exceeds half, a million of tons, now owned and ine rate ot^this steady and contmual increase of the tonnage of the I ptslt cen^^^^^^ '' ^"""^ P^"^^ '^^^ '"^^ commencement^o, Aggregate tonnage of the provinces of Canada, New Brunswick i Si'SiS""-^"-^ "■" ^- E■^w..d^sla,d.r;a la... ====== "^ ToiM, /"" So 71,9^ J6 176,040 16* S74,738 JO 399,204 * '• 440,936 l/' HI The crnnmerce of the cblolljes may be said to have had iu be^finnitij withk the post century. Without entering upon details of i^ nse anc egctraordinary progress, whic^ can bd clearly traced in die documenti ' attached to this report, and to the report which I had the honor of suk mitting to you in 1850^ it will be of great interest to notice its ptesen ebnent and importance. ' . The tonnage ent^ecl inward by sea, at the several ports of the NortI American cdaajeiBf amounted in 1861 to an aggregate of 1,670,663 tong ' The tonnage ;*f feared Wtward in that year fi^om the same porti omounted to 1,66S,104 tons. / ' ' ' Commensurate with this laigie Amount of tonnage, employed i a commerce which may be said to have had its beginning since 1783 has been^the extent of colonial trade during the year iust past. ^ The value of this trade is exhibited in the condensed statement; which follow. The total exports of Canada for 1851; made up, from United State and Canadian returns, for this report, give a different, but a more cor rect result, as will be seen by the following statements: The total exports from Canadi for 1851, as per, returns. . $13,262,371 Of which Quebec exported $5,622,388 " Montreal 2,503,916 *• Inland pori^..:..^ 5,136,072 13,262,371 ; Exported to Great Britain. $6,435)844 " United States 4,939,300" ** British North Anierican colonies. 1,060,544 •* . Other countries * 826,688 — 13,862,371 The character of the above, and the comparative value of the chie| material interest^ of the colcmy, may be seen by the following table: Mines , , ^ $86,76: Sea.. 1... .^ 849,29 Forest 6,063,51 Agricultural * i 817,49 Vegetable food 8,766,39 Other agricultural products.. *......... 88,02 Kanuiactures ^ 55^12 Unenumerated .^ » , . , ' 2,1 IS,"??! 13,862,87i c-t.-^ e had itt be^finnliij/ !tails of i^ nse an; I in the documenti d the honor of sub > notice jts preseu i ports of the Noni ? of 1,670,663 tons oat the same pom rom United State! tt, but a more cor Its: $13,263,371 ■\ S- Doc; \iparu into, Cmadahy river St. Latarence, giving only the prindbal cut and value$f/or the year 1861. artp- Articlei. fea. .,; _ fobacco , ' Jtton manufactures * * fooUen manufactures! ......[[ iware manufactures. '.'..'.'. fooden ware ^ :hinery . . ^ J " *' 3t8 and shoes * * ] infactures of leather '.'.'...['.. Ides led leather, not pedm. . . PKar.i. plasses. It lass krs mfactures of silk lufactm-es of India rubber, re stuffi tee. it.. enumerated ValoM. $16^,084 18,924 3,018,332 2,301,816 1,627,208 11,612 6,862 6,868 63,166 1.164 46,440 136,708 66,228 12^396 712,408 60,968 26^80 76,260 101,176^ 90,03l> 407,492 233,324 38,91€t 13,632 54,304 71,260 6,866^770 16,217,816 fer b^d tu^Ki^""^' «" *« United S^e,, and U»« Bs.u-.i.w'.a? ^-^^.■A,. ■<■■&' jf .^' (V\ ^ iWW "■■\ It' >■ ' >,!'■• %*i ^ WiTV--" -^ TT"^??; ''^^P '' ^'f-'^if>'^^/ 19 H; Poc 186. ErvarUfrm Canada to other countries, (principallv Great Briiatn,) gi^ng ^^''P^^tlu^r^nciml ankle, afdfHdu^^ the principal Values. Apples - ■ - - - Ashes, pot . . - Ashes, pearl. - * * Ash timber. ' ' Barley Battens. .-. Beef Birch timber Biscuit . . . - r'. - Butter. Deals, pine and spruce Elm timber -Pk)ur Handspikes Xard • - •- Lath-wood and fire-wood Masts Meal, com and oat Oak timber Oars ' Oats Peas and beans - *» Pine timber, red and white Pork c^bii^es Spars • ^ipiyes. Tamarab wood and sleepers Furs and skins Total from Quebec Value of similar articles from Montreal. IJnenumerated from other ports Total exports by the St. Lawrence at $2,404 86,900 37,372 14,900 408 1,960 6,268 18,468 4,376 26,696 937,480 196,124 670,876 900 2,266 32,080 67,100 9,976 189,308 4,636 2,276 8,960 1,974,760 30,424 260 44,640 382,136 6,096 12,208 4,671,048 2,060,156 1,401,212 8,182,416 JaA.'^j^'-. «7«5W»»W*WWI«! ^ J - H. DoJ;|«W ^..fS ^T,f^ Aggregate of colonial imvo^fr ^T^ ~ ~—^ I Canada... I |~ ^ \ ' I Nova Scotia." .'."'- «12,876,828 $« 00^ oq« L jNew Brunswick^ 2,133,035 1 gonS «1'447,376 iNewfoundJand " ' 2,292,390 1' S'l ?« ^'003,640 IPrince Edward "iiand 1.600,750 998 yof , ^^*'»86 I '^•''''* 279,898 ffS ^'655,695 Total. —- --~L-___!_Z_ 305,974 GreatBriiSta. | United State, Lj. lanada 1 Jova Scotii.* ! ; ; ; «6,781,204 I $4,939 2fin I ., ^ lew Brunswick ^42,245 7Qfi':|? «1.0W,«88 lewfoundland V ' * 8.909,790 J??f f^ 2,663,640 Irince Edward li^d 2,162,755 oo'c^ft „ J*5,190 ' Tofal... p-»^lIIIl L ■ ^'^^ I 184,688 11»568,925 210 n«n rT: ~~~- ^— ^__^_____^ ,o»-J18,060 • 6,877,881 §(0 H. Doc. Iot. COLONUL TRADE IN 1851. . ' CANADA. IniDorts-sea •$16,324,348 Imports-^a 8,681,680 ""^" $24,006,028 ExDorts— sea $8,081,840 Exports-sea . +3,269,888 "" y 36,347,766 Add for value of new ships built at Quebec, and sent to England for sale, $1,000,000 ; and a farther • large sum for under-valuation of exports— making in the whole $40,000,000] NEW BRUNSWICK. Imports $4,862,440 Exports,. 3,780,106 8,632,645 ^ New ships, 45,000 tons.... «» aU 10,000,0C NOVA SCOTIA. ^1 Imports $6,627,640 Exports 3>542,310 9,069,960 ., ... in all 10,000,00 f NB WFOUNDIiAND. Imports $4,609,291 Exports 4,276,876 8,88 6,167 in all •' PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND. Imports 1680,476 Exports ,. 360,466 9&0,940 inall Jfew ahipping, 16,000 tons. -■ w—"" Grand t6laK^ >••• 9,000,0 1,800,0 70,900,0 * XUiMtoait tadodM goodi iiilnMndi. tB| United StatMNtam, I ^_-■„_ inipo rtar jSSen place in i Iquarter of a centi laccomDlished dm land rther countri* Icreasod the export «,J.Vik4i,/j .,«**i«S.;4..<. "# Doc. 136. 2j Although it appears by this statement thnt „ • the amount of iijorts gready exceSs t}^ L' ' "I '^'^''^^'^comtnes, ports, yet it mustV t&n iL^counrthat ^^^^^^'^ ^^"\«^ '^^ ^^- trade against the colonies is fuUy^vercle L^^^^ ^^^»<^« «f ptheu- exports are valued at the vlZ7^o?thiJ '"""^ P"^^ ^^ which iJie prices obtained abroad • the vX?5 ^^'P^?"?*' as compared with the freights earned by these shLl whf "^^^« V ^old in England ; and the large freights eSnedX S^'^"" -^^^ *° ^ «^^ket bulky products of tSecolo^estofLi^ ^'^P^ '" transporting the sales, and earningra^cmrto ir^^'^T^^^'l^" °^^^'<^h pfofite! trade of the colomfs, Ttt^e preset ti^T^ uf '^r' ^"^ renSer the After presenting the nrecpE^t ?^ ' ^^^^t^ "^^ prosperous, deem it J^essary^odSs t^^^^^ '^' unde^sigied does not estmg questions'^ which thev\m In ."^«^««r the many inter- present to the statesmen of EnSd " fT""^-'""' "^questionably . ^}^l question of reciprocal freetmS^ k^™^"''^.' """^^^ especiaUy and the British North African Cdo^etk^^^^^ r*^" Unite/ States received especial attention in a preilous rT ^^r^^^^^^^^' ^^ submitted to yourself, and printed -,,^1 P.- " 1 *^^ undersigned 31st Congress, 2d session; ^ ^ Executive Document No? 23, From 1794 to 1830 the trarlp nf *u^ i ■ negotiation between the tw^govlmenT^^^^^^^^ ^^"^>^* «f "^ueh^^ by John Quincy Adams as one of^« / ^ "^^^ ^"^^y^ considered States. Thisp^rotra^d ^d ^Lf useC''^"'"^' ^^ *^« UniLd other results than a contractiorSrL ttde nf^?£'^''°"i P':^"^^^ no ^"Ts^ri^rt^ofb'oVro^^^^^^^^^^ -^-- -<^- McLane's arrang^n^ wlthTnSrinlsto ^"T^ ^^^^ ^- ^ade, were most unsatisfactory to tKmm^rS' "" '^ ^^°" *° ^« forth from that interest urSnrrmZ^fn """"^""'^y' ^^ <^aUed character. Time has* however ^rf^u'^^- ""^^^^ t^"" Partial upon the general inter;stsTrhe'AE?J^''!. M^^^ °?^'ation X^e^r^^'-^ ^^- pr^-srco^Sim^L^^^^^ in&efl^Xl^^^^^^^^ ^-hole, had a beneficial subject to many onerous and ^feS^^^^^^ ^«J> the coloiS a very injurious effect upon it Sn^? restrictions, which have had «otrapiJly increase; bKen it sudSenl^' ^'"^^5*^' ^ nod to the present time there hai b^nfZ^'?"'^^^' *'~°» ^hat po- means to the extent which wn.^^ u *^"«tant increase, but by^ the trade had been whX ^Sred 'LHr^^^^^^^ ^«" P^« ^ natural course. ^ unlettered, and allowed to flow freely in its hutnerof acenturv YvhLJT.^^S^'"^?^ *«•» <<» neirly a > kr^' iia >l^*'»^A' f f ^^3^ 1 JH. Doc. 136. in 1861. For many years after the Revolution, under; a wise and saga- cious policy, the colonial trade received a very considerable share of at- tention, and efforts were made to place it on an equitable* if not a liberal basis ; but it unfortunately became involved with questions embracing the whole foreign policy of the country, which prevented Ihe adoption of permanent n^easures of a liberal character. ^ Soon after the imperial act of 1846, which had such a disastrpus effect upon colonial trade, delegates were sent from Canada to tMs coutitiy t6 arrange the terms of a reciprocal free trade in certain speci- fied articles. The proposition was favorably received by Mr. Polk's administration, and was ably supported in Congress by leading gentle- men of both parties. A bill was introduced in 1848 for reciprocal free trade with Canada in certain articles, which passed the House of Re- presentatives, and would probably have passed the Senate, but for the great pressure of other important matters. ■ . Thifir bill of 1848 was considered by a portion of the people of the United States as strictly a colonial measure, for the benefit of the col- pig>:. ;: *' Ponnds of butter ' " eheese .""'"' Barrels of beef pork '.'.'.'.'.'" iah 111,819 294,514 180; 317 836,077 629,827 256,819 »> 637. 168 611,014 68,747 233,870 48,363 29,916 38,968 192,109 421,684 44,265 70,571 77,672 17,135 600,151 12,692,868 625,875 479,651 8,873,394 11.193,844 639,384 1,606,613 4,987,476 3,644,948 460 J 64,^ 18. 113,064 681,682 60,660 764, ^-6 8,699,784 3,581,605 701,618 .587,466 14,965 1,169,301 193,962 896,924 803.300 968.088 660,837 16,976,315 8,286,776 817,746 528,180 47,580 Total. y 72,843 84,976 367,301 1,018,105 96,046 93,240 150,016 81,038 1,840^864 16,768iT»0 1,8944601 B21,00« 1,161^,801 8,099,809 ,dl^86l 61,381 867,830 168,885 41,711 884,882 1,647,886 1.917,606 1,853, ]8» 4,130^746 9,778,1«» 754) 9W l,308,38r 904.478 8, 080,161 306,801 601,488 436,805. 430, wy 1,607,8|»- 888. 4B» 86,61S»48r 8,78r,7fl0 886,48» 781. 80» 9Bv8Bl^ A^Sffl *" ^"«' ^"-"^^ -« -» t.k<« in the minot «.d not fa the b^ S? AT^^2ii;-^7 f^^^^^^^ of the provfaoe. «ter«porfc * °""*^* of the dMp* and Bonaventw lUheriea, of wfchfc ^k^ra is a separate I • m ■M' ^ j^h^jL^-^H.^j. H. Do& Ahtratt of the cereal ^glMuce of the United States in 1861. State. Maine ..■> New Hampshire Venntmt .-..!.... Ifassachuoetts Sbode Island.... . Oonnecticiit •- New. York.. New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware lifeiyland . * District of Columbia Virginia North Carolina fiouA Carolina OetNTgia Florida Alabama . Hidsisaippi Louisiana. • . — . • Texas :^. . . . Arkansas.....' /Tennessee » Kentilcky Ohio ' JGchigan bidiana . . . . , . ." . . . 'HUnois 1li9iK>uri... 4. Iowa ^ . Wiscimsin ^Qalifiimia . . . . 1SBBIT0IUBS. M]nn^80t|... 'Qragon .... Utah....... W — r Merico Wheat, boshdi of. 296,259 186,668 636,966 31,211 49 41,762 18,121,498 1,601,190 16,367,691 482,611 4,494,680 17,370 11,232,616 2,130,102 1,066^,277 ; 1,088,634 1,027 294,044 ' 137,990 417 41,689 199,639 1,619,381 2440,822 14,487,361 4,926,889 6,214,468 9,414,676 2,981,662 1,630,681 4^286,131 17,328 1,401 311,943 107,702 196.616 100,603,899 t^e, biwheLi o£. . 102,916 183,117 176,233 481,021 26,409 600,893 4,148,182 1,266,678 4,806,160 8,066 226,014 6,609 468,930 229,663 4*3,790 63,760 > i,162 . • 17,S61 9,606 476 8,108 8,047 89,163 416,073 426,718 106,871 78,792 88,364 44,268 19,916 81,263 J 126 •?• 106 210 14,188,639 •^u ■~» Indian oon, buahelfltrf'. 1,760,066 1,673,670 2,032,396 2,346,490 639,201 ; 1,936,043 17,868,400 8,769,704 19,836,214 3,146,642 11,104,631 65,230 36,264,319 27,941,051 16,271,464 30,080,099 1,996,809 28,764,048 j 22,446,652! 10,26&,373 6,926,611 8,893,939 62,276,223 68,676,691 69,078,695 6,641,430 62,964,363 67,646,984 36,214,637 8,666,799 1,988,979 12,236 16,725 2,9181 9,899| -366,41ll 692,326,61^1 % (. ^t^ ''^n^t'^-Ctfoh M c&iii^^ij^M fii#DbD^J86i ^^ beat, average price p«r bushel, do do . do do 80 cents. 60 « 45 « rotal—Wheat, 100,503,899 bushels. . . ........ value «80 doq i io Ry6. 14,188,639^ « • ■ • ''^"^' * J'nqJ'if ? Com,. 592.326,612 « ........;.; ^eeZs^ leat . .,. ...... 1,026,725 bushels value «1 OQR 7^^ '^- — 2.202.335 barrels... ^"'' iJSsI? f' ■ *■--- 3,426,811 bushels..... iffisS idian meal . . . 203.622 barrels. . 622 fit^ "hergrain, bread, &c... 622,866 520.758 ' , , ^''^ - *- 14,456,236 T.5, !^'^ "^T .««nov exporters and not SKur Paris' "'«^«» Eur„p\ fto^d,e^„itedX:f S ^er foreign countries. rA i^.Hifidi'itiAA&M.'.Xi* ■< ;>;'i I s®-M .%rf.ifi".V ?P3?!?Fi • i'Tj I 'fir I S5 I II It I 2 Bfi'S-^ s. 4 II rf 1 811 CO [gs ot .§92 CJ?. is-" 8 i .lie 1-=^" |3S' Sot Si k SB 8 iSl^ 6^1 I I • ■ » 5 I I CO «• tm RS'S i ill S gf§ ^" i-< • e* §i 153 5? IP I 9$> S I T 4 'j^.^>'» Abttract conmnptim of foreign grain for four yeartyfrom 1847 to 1850. Quantity in qnaiien. .- • - - 14,238,3ia at 51». 9d. f?^^'- 26,031,823 ^t 31*. 6d. ■or. Quantity in qnartenr. ^., )J!;^- - V- - - 14,238,3ia at 51,. 9d. stiff. . . .$184 2& 17n Totals 39,276,136 Yearly average. . 881,381,280 ^^ZlS:*-- 95,332.820 ^Mttract of grain imported for five years, from 1846 to 1850. tiTi ^ Quantity in qoarten. ^°^t. 16,452,555 a fi^auM 27,485,078 at 33*. Other trains. .;;.;;; • ■ i^i^i't ?f 't ^'^ «% • - •^216:769,750 Value. 0,769 225,251,885 Totals 44,067,533 Yearly average,. _^13^6.^ TM..kiiUi^,^eJ,^r.nd .H^e^j^f,^ Canada i. 1S50 and 1«61 — year ending Jahmryl. 1850. aborted to and tliroogh- Flour, barrel.. Wheat, bud.el,. Rout, barreb; JBuffald.., Oswego .*.'*".' J ' O^densburgh ...."" Lake Chanoplain, .'..'. Total exported inland to the United States 19,244 I 66,001 260,872 1,094,444 32,999 90,988 I 192,918 404,103 ♦3!ontreal and Quebec* 280,618 Total exported ij^I^tZlI^ 1,353,363 88,465 fcS'iif ^""^ ^^ ^ *^ ^»'t^ States.! increase m sea export, from Canada ' 10,860 259,87^ 30,609 11,94D 313,284 371,610 684.894 90,819 90,992 'at.biniu 101,655 670,202 18,196 626 790,678 161,812 96l,99j 562,696 79^847 I ud Quebec. t«.ff;*a^Sv5.**4"' jo, Mi^eSfrtV F ■*-«?■. -'ffja^-.-r ~i WjjgJ"^ 17 to 18^0. Vdn«. 84,208,170 97,129,110 91»331,280 )5,332,820 t50. Value. 0,769,750 6,251,885 8,021,635 ^204,375 1850 and Bqck 1804 \ Total fuantuy imparted ujaO^ United State, Jram Canada.* for the \ ^•ng Jun£ 30, 1862. » yvrwi year rheat, bushels .;.... ..870,889 value «fifto«et 'lour, cwt AQRoni value, 9609,681 lye, oats, &C..&C... * ' • 1.008,928 ■ 203,570 Of the above, there was exported to^:j5^d, ''heat, bushels 437 615 ^our, cwt, ; ; ;" ; ;343',533*.".".'.*;;. viz: 1,802,179 .value, $4^5,204 924,079 d^vi^f ^"'^'^ ^^''^ ^"^""^^ ^^"^^ other than Can- '' 379,283 [heat, bushels ...'... .24,25^ . . ilour, OWL ..... \. .. . j[39,661 .... •value, $23,132 346,895 -^ Total J. 370,027 1,749,310 ratal domettic flour, ^., exported/rom the United States Amertcan colonies. to the British North fO CANADA. - '^heat. ..... 208,130 bushels , ^ ^lour 51,176 barrels ''^"^' $150,288 'om 88,306 bushels ." 191,750 fergrain .0. 39,15$ 6,911 388,107 TO OTHEB BRITISH N. A. COLONIES OTHER THAN CJ^^^T"^ « ^«a' 2«1,971 bushels .... „ , ^„„^ ?^lo«r .*- 200,664 barrels ^**"^' $220,319 I'^iws"' ioi'i«9 bushels::::: ^^j?^i leaJ, Indian. 57,273 barrels ' ^^'^^^ leal (rye) and other erainsi """ '.' 173,537 ® 172,18T ffr ■ : •" . 1,577,629 ^^!^^t^i^^ "^v""' -^- of the ^;.;;i^ m mm-ij^ J^- o ;\i i:t^^ f»ii 'f* V *V . Doc. 186. ■^r Cansida East The oruon, language, and other distinctive featttr«i' ojfthe inhabitants of Lower Canada, make their affinities with the tnoited' States mtich l€ss than those of the Upper Canadians. Moreover, the geo^aphical {Ibsition of Upper Canada makes New York a more con. . vement, while it is at the same time a, larger and more secure, market a £)r her produce, than Montreal or Quebec. The various lin^s of rail- 1 wa3r, leading from the Atlantic to the lakes, give to the inhabitants off the upper province facilities of communication with New York, durinrl a part of the year when access to Quebec is extremely difficult. f The canal tolls levied by the State of New York on Canadian pro! duce passing through her canals toward tide-water amounted, in I861 and 1851, to over $1,000,000 j and property from tide-water to Canada through the same channels, probably pays half as much more, makin at the least, |300,000 annually corftributed by the Canadian trade the New York canals. Imports into Canada from the United States, giving the principal articles ^; ^ values, for the year 1861% Artiel^s. Tea Tobacco ^,_ Cotton manufactures t:. Woollen manufactures Hardware manufactures Wooden ware !!!!!! Machinery i.'. !!!!!!' Bo(^ and shoes '. .'.'.'.'.'.'..'.W . Manufactures of leather .> . . . ^ Hides . : J . ! ! ! . ! " Tanned leadier -'■•'.'•'.'.'.....'...... Oil, not palm, • ' P«^r..^ v.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'..'. ' Hice . fc !!!!!!!!!!!!!! Suffer ,.'. !!!!J!J." Mdaases Salt ."*.'.'*.'.*.*.*.'.'.".'.*.*.' Glass Coal * Furs '.*''.*.*.*.'.*.'!!.".'.'.*".".*.*.*'.* Manufactures of silk !!!!!!!!*! Manufactures of india rubber' * • • • - Dye stufis Coffee. Values. "Fruit; '.«■■■ I Fish Unenu^erateid , $893,S1^ 403,86 566,1$ 439,36 318,8^ 63,7S 85,76 43,69 47,38 89,1[ 126,S 47,80 82,99 19,9j S78,4 19,S 79,81^ i8,8S 38,6fi 44,36i| 80,76 63,< 1S,68 rfh 81,14 4,780,2 ^.»|..«.''%™.- 8,788,71 iumber... Shingles. . . /attleofaU [orses. . . . ^ool . . . . i ^heat . . . . •"lour Jarley and ieans and p )at8 Gutter jggs 7nenumerat( As can be lutiable and dutiable imp rree imports Amount of If per ce^ The active fnited States Iward and oui Ame Mm 1,2s 13 1,36 'Tho dlMKpaaojr .*•' " -^ ■^" »V)!^)^*-' '-h . I nctivefeatarei , vith the United*! Moreover, the rk a more coq. jeeure, market 8 linos of rail- (^ inhabitants q{ I / York, durio^l ifficult I Canadian pro-l mted, in 185i er to Canada !Nx/ articles an Yalnes. $893,21^ 403,86 665,1S 439,26 318,84 63,7S 8A,76 4S,69 47,38 89,20 126,23 47,80 82,99 19,99 278,^ 19,S 79,81i| 18,82 S8,6fi 44,26 80,76 63,£ 12,68 ^«fc W: i3k: ^.w..^j^^^^^^ Articlet. 81,14 17,^ 4,780,2 I 8,788,71 iomber [[" Jbingles. .\" .....* Jattleof all kinds and sizes! iorsea...... 'O0ll....i i^heat . ... «, riour iarley and rye *.'!.*.' 3eans and peas '.'.'..' )ats '.'.'.'.."' Jutter .....' .".".*.'.'.' ' tggs '.'.'.'.','.'. iFnenumerated *."! J ' TUbM. 965,992 766,628 20,732 140,176 186,848 41,896 491,760 1,181,484 76,^96 41,588 135,705 38,004 38,008 1,70^,664 4,929,084 •9.118,768 (ward and outwSdV^ ? following siatement of the tonnag. American. Britiih. Ameriou. Britbh. Inwanl. 1.364,390 j 1.047.888 900,988 f 770.460 8,418.088" • IV ibcrep^cy betweoa thi. «, otl«r «o«rt. 1. «^ / j,*«ji r ii • Inward and putward. Steam— American ^ *J'?no'?Jo Briush ,.- 1,409,678 ^ $3,387,61^ Sail— American - 293,537 British 408.400 701,937 Grand total, inward and outward ^ 4,089,456 The total amount imported from Canada'into the United States for | the three years ending June, 1851, is, b^ commerce and navigation! report, $11,166,342 — on which the followmg amount of duty has been| coUected, as wil herewith appear ; ^fqtement of revenue collected in the different districts of the United iSkatal bordering on Canada, from 1849 to 1851 inclusive, (three years.) Diatricts. Yennont Chunplun Oawe^iteliie CmwlHiicent Swtett'i Harbor.... Otwego ....:....■- . G«iiflfiee Gross revenue. Brie, (Pretque Isle). Ciqnlhogs. Sittdiuky Mhani Deteoit IfioUlimaokinao Chiea«9..-r $181,915 02 133,326 68 42, 842 41 22,410 78 16,603 54 273, 173 92 45,324 66 44, 076 44 148,740 03 1, 155 26 126,677 24 34,018 44 244 54 47, 935 42 1,797 42 10,670 41 Expenses of collection. 1,130,912 21 f27,472 22,965 16,002 14,222 27,000 38,210 13,368 21,277 49,601 31,924 13,228 5,927 2,470 32,868 4,535 10,360 47 22 22 58 95 43 47 69 19 35 71 49 40 22 02 73 Net revenue. $154,442 55 •109,751 44 36,840 19 8,188 20 1«34,947 50 ^31,722 66 22,798 75 ||98, 886 78 331,436 U 113,448 53 28,090 95 15,067 20 "jiM*75 Excess of expenses. $10, 397 41 30,768 09 2,826 86 '«,'737"66' 844,338 60 46,189 96 Mem. 6 1 2 3 4 6 6 7 8 '9* lO' ii' 19 b ■w 5 * After deducting $610 02— moiety of lalesinerehandiae distributed per act April S, '44, s. l| t ** " 15 99 — duties on merdiandise reibnded. H " " 833 53 — expenses attending pioaecutions. \ J" " 853 06— moiety of sales mereiiandiae distributed per aot April %, '44, s.} | " " 154 93— duties on merchandise refunded. Total . i 1 , 267 63— deducted from net revenue. KXOAPITDLATIOIt. ,130,912 21 I Wctreve 331, 4;i6 14 T Exoesa of ex'pmaea. 790,476 07 Add amount deducted. 33fti 46^189 Ml 793,808 611 1.967 al 790,476 «| 4,089,4S6 1 States for 1 navigation ty has been Tnited State* years.) Mem. lOf -^, lea. ^ s T3 (5 5 : 1 > ••■ s } ■ • « • 3 • ~ • ■ 4 ' 41 • • • ■ 1 5 • • • • 6 ■ m •• 7 > « > ■ 8 » 09 « > > > 2 • ■ ■ ■ 9 • • • • 19 86 • • • ■ 3 • • • ■ M 60 , .... 19 96 i be question has since taken a wSfr ?S^ It ifn '^ kT*^' ^"* -n arrangement can be effected ^d?arS^„/f TT ^^^^^^ ^^^^t between the United States and th^c JomTs of aU^^^^ t^ ^nten^hang^ ^rhether of agriculture, of mineronhSest or J/.ff^^""^ ^^ ^^^^r* ponwith an aareempnt f«r tC r ^resi, or ot the sea, in connex- fence and ^jTuXeL^esi^^TT^^'''''' "^ *^^. ™« St. W Subjects to the sea fisheries ner^e 1-^"?^"' i"^^* ^«^ British .mission of the expoi? dutv Wd 1 ^' t '^^ *^?^?"'««' ^^ the re. lumber cutVitWShS or hfTT-f^To^"""^^^^ °" t'n^ber and .[iscussion dSri^hrad^^lsL^n^JT^ "^Jf ? P^^'^^^ent subject of time it is greatly desiredT^SS, ""^ -^""^ ^"'"^^ ^dams. At this ^^l^^^^^ie^':^^^^^ States bordermgonS^ Ihe tree navigation of iHp fif t^k i. , kecessary by the provisions of ^ t^e^tv !? i;^"\?"^"^«^«d absolutely be of great adapiie to the extenS^ I Washmgton, and it woulS kn portion o JOKion The rP^nl Tu^"" '''*^"^«' ^ ^^^ northeast imfier floatHj^th; St tJK .k^"^^ ^""^"^ ^"^y on Ameri^ -tice to thelK^t o?\ht^„,^Jtt Z„"wf '^ '^ ^ «^'^ ^rej,. a.d who have strong ^iS:^:?::.-^^^^^^:^^. ' k^ffi%\;:^S:pTa^S^^^^ ?-« -ported to Kck, «.d a larger qu^tiVfrf r?^'^ fiewf 'r v"'" NerBrun*. ape Breton. A notice of these coal filll f n l ^"''^ ®^°^^ «°d brraofTrsct-.^— ^^^^^ li S^re»:^^^^^^ -:3'cS: s^^^^^r- «^ ^^« -^o- i wSdtrZiSigin h?s^r;s^^*' *'^ ""^^^^r^^ ^««^ that .»Uy call its attention to the crScXLf7;^r^^^^ ^>*^ ^'^ "°t eaJ: U wluch. owing to a recent S^Jatil ^f polonial fishery ques- teL^^ TT^^ ^"^'^'y threater^^Sot."^ ""P^"^ ^^ ^'olonial I Since the Fishery Convention ofisift i*^ u- i , . fhalf of America7citizer?eru^Li fo^,^^^^^^^ *hi.« government, on kee marine maes of the seacon-t «f v « ^^"" "«^t to fish within bd Prince Edwaril faCl mZ of ^L ^^^'""7? "'^' N°^* ^^* kn of our country hTv^eT^^m Jii J^'^'^^ °"^ industrious fisher- [Uing (the in^V^mcrofXchT^tu: P"''"" -^^^ adventured kreg of thp«/:Xn^ in a ma.ui??„ over^sUmated) n.«r thn •'41 :. ly > .)• fel^ J-li* + ^ ' .\'r i^^ ■"•*'<.. Uoi, to which the necessities arising from the nature of tlieir prntimi ffSSeraJ^yearft past, the colonists .have constantly urged Ae im- liivernment to station an armed fofce on their shores, "to pr^- tecti tE^fisheries from the unjustifiable and illegal encroachments of ^ Wrican fiSermen." The force hidierto provided has not been such . SrSe colonists desired, having usually been hmited to three or (our resads. under the command heretofore of discreet officers of the Royfal Navy, who have generally exercised the powers with which they .were kivestedyith liberal discretion. .. , i, -i * Wirii the view of bringing matters to a crisis, the colonial legisla- tures have lately renewed their appeals to the imperii government for aid to drive Americarf fishermen from their shores, and compel them to foUow their calling in places where fish are not so plentiful or so easily OftUsht. And in order to show their own determinaUon, the provinces Of Canada, Ne^v Brunswick, and Nova Scotia have entered in^p an agreement to provide a certain number of small cruisers, at their own ^CTiense, to be stationedf at various places agreed upon, to assist in ^eflfecting the object they desire. ^ - ■, r The last appeal of the colomal authorities has been viewed lavor- nHy by the new administration of Earl. l^erby. A change has taJten place in the British poUcy with refer^ce to this fishery question;. £d a circular letter has been sent to the govembrs of the several] colonies, annduncing that her Majesty's government has resolved to| send a small rorce of armed vessels and steamers to North America, toj protect the fisheries against foreign a^ession. The colonial govepi ntODts have fitted out six cruisers, fully manned and armed, whichj have sailed for the best fishing grounds, and there is itnminent daligeij of a collision. The colonial cruisers threaten to make prize of every ves-l sel " fishing or preparing to fish," within certain limits, which the col(J nial authorities contend are within three marine miles be^d a line! drown from headland to headland, and not three miles froc^ the shotn^ c£ the coast, which our citizens contend is the true reac^ng pf the c^,' £.»*-, J^ormine; whae BritishW.d vessels often visit our coast, and ,iences of the commercial inter^ur.rhr ^T'^'.^'^'^fym A' Jhe British North American ^rranH^^^^ '^ ^"l"^ ^'^'^' ^^ be deemed perfectly corre^t;hti:^\::^'deri^^^^^^^^ -ay western frontiers of the Sed Stlt^ tl ^ "O'-theastern ^d north- trade carried on witl, the nSh • ?'^'^ '^ ^^^ ^" ^^tiv^ l^arter be taken by theVubhc officefs^^^^^^^ «/ which noaccolint^ ^rithin bounds to estSmarthe eX; 1"' f ^V ? V' *^^^^^°^« Pe^'fe^t^r British lyorth American coternoS^r' °^*^^ ^"'*^^ States to t£ bf doUars annually. ""^ """^ amountmg to eighteen millions [rinciple This would enabk us to mature anVf T'" ^^^ *^«^^ Wm of mutual exchanges bet^PPnTiTo-^ ^^'^^""^ a complete Utinent; an achievemenfnot o^v w;,p . f T"' ««<^ti«n^of thi/vast '^ If our high dviliaation ^ ^''^ ^^ advantageous, but worthy Vbh^V'S3,,5X'?& ttTi ™^^^«"^ Landerdale'-on ^ [nsume our p/Lct^ anfmLtteSo^wlS^H^^^ ^f^^ -^-h '; . N and the employment of our poor denS itt' ^ ''^"^^ ^'^ hen and navig^l5on, upon which ^LrSlu!, "^^^^ncrease ouf seal.' . . Pith such commoditiesC Je^so Wv l^^^ *^^ 'Vb us PSg us the^meaL "rm^rSnte^^^^^ number, of our seameS' Lr strength as ^nation. S sSes us S T^ ^- u T "^^eriaUy t<; Jes we absolutely require for cCw? ' ^5^ "^-'^^ ^^^^^ commili- fying tl,e necessWof W coLummfon'"' A .T i'"^"' ^^ «»!' [finitely more thaii it brings in nnH £ t ^"^^^J. « carries oJ fid national riches. ^ ' ^ '"^ "^^^ vastJy to' our in^iv^- The und^sig^ed has the honor to be your obedient servant,! I. D. ANDREWS, \ [Hon . Thomas Corwik, UnUed Statet C^n^ ■? '■fit Secretary, of the Trtamry, WaAingtm, ■■^. 1' i*ii.' %■ f^ f*^ *s^ *"<^ ^f 4^ J** iv / ■^•- '. t #^^ T i.*c, Bay of of I In connex between our concemin, be fishing to [)f Nova Scot lie shores of ad that part It is suffici [ions of the fagdalen isl lUstance of th It has been sinion of the liles are to h [ays or incjien "1818, our\ be imperial ^ l''«> «• (*e Chmd Bant »/ NatfouMMl, and uAhm the Gulf „/ ^ LamZT We of three marine miles C the £ '" ^^ '"'"' « *« ile» are to be melsureTftl heS^d tTw j'°^* *?' th^Aree U^., or e.Zies. ZZ^^^^^^^l^^^^^f^ Uinthe GuVofslKencT J&^""'^r'*' «■'* ^^^T-'here ftraits. bgcgd the strt walCfr '' '° ^ """^^ *" """'° '^SSSel^SS^I,^^"''.^'^^^'^ ,1 true that they have a conc^S riiw ?^ t- "^' l' ^'*"'*»- » ^«1he„a«dai«-iSLTr!tjfc^hro.tii 1 -^ >' i,„< iJt'.S. Aie. e^6Li» wm' VkJkifi, I3$i on those^coasts as are uninhabited, for the purpose of curing and drW their fishj but this privilege is seldom, if ever, exercised, because ip is of no practical value to our fishermen. ^ . _ _ . ^ _ . Those portions of the coasts of Nova gcotia, Cape Bfeton, Pnnce Edward Island, and New Brunswick, on ,^hic^ it tvould be advan- tageous for our fishermen to laild loi" Rurposes >^onnected with the fishery, are prohibited by reason of theirjB«|jl^ment and actual occu- pation, while they axe shut ou^from the bfe^t fishmg grounds by reason Sf the convention of 1818, which excludes them from taking fisli withm tiiree marine mUcs of the coast, withm which chstance tlie best fish are often found in greatest abundance. .. , ., . The limits claimed by the Bntoh authorities under that convention, if strictly enforced, would cxcluJe,our fishmg ves^els^ from the bay of Chaleur, the bay of Miramichi, the straits of Northumberland, and George's bay, withm which the greatest quanUties of the best mack- ^rel are now takeii annually. n.' i, If an arrangement could be made by which our fisherman would have the right to fish within three miles of the land, wheresoever they rieased, on the shores of the provinces, and also the right to land on Sose shores ^ywhere— first agreebg with the owner or occupant of the soQ for the use of the necessary ground for fishing station&--it would tend greatly to increase the quaniity of fish taken, would furnish the market with a w^l-cured article, enhance the profits of fishirig voyages, and lead to a considerable extension .of the number ot vessels and men now employed. , /? i_ The codfish caught in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, by our fishermen,, are pickle-salted in bulk, on board the vessels, as they are caught, andi are thus brought home to be afterwards dried and cured. A liberal! supply of salt is used, in which the fish first caught lie four months,j and ihe last caught, one month. The vitality, so to speak, of the meat- its steength and flavor— is quite destroyed, When unladen from t^ vesselptte fish axe found to be of a dead, ashy color, instead of t bright, wholesome hue which ^ood fish should have; and so brittle scarcely to bear handling — with hardly any smell or taste, except tha imparted by salt. The home consumption of such an unpalatabfe article is gradually diminishing, while the inferiority of the cure deprive}! us of the advantages of foreign markets, for which these fish are wholly unsuited. The mackerel taken in the gulf by our fishermen are split, salte and dressed while the vessel is under way; and it often happens tha a fiill fare is made in four or five days, when these fish are plentiiul |n such case the vessel, being fiiU, must leave the fishing when at its best, and make a long voyage to her port of return, in the norther States, in order to discharge ; and before she can again reach the grour Ae chances are that the &h have disappeared, or that the season -pv e r . If our mackerel fishers could remain upMJ Ae fishing ground du.. the whole season — touching at some convenient station, occasionally, land the fish on board, and thua keep their vessels in good sailing trir fivf or six &res could be made in each season, instead of the .. ^§Ktei which they raf ely exceed at present. The right of fishing vr'm W^i?**-/^^'' ..e.i:^-:»^S UjlHi urmg. A superior quality of this description of fish would open to^ om wf ii' "^^^u ""^ ^^^""^^' ^"^ ^«« ««^^ral foreign^ mtt ^^om which our fish are now excluded, by reason of thci? impSJ Immediately after the disappearance of tlie ice in the Gulf of St. ^awrence. every spring, vast quantities of herrings Saw near Se »ate m thisfishery. Because they are unable to enter the inilf so earlv guld land and set upfishS^g st^tions^^Zth? Sf Wil'^^^^^^^^^ k. Lawrence, they might send home the season's cltd, bv Liif [essels. and wmter thefr boats and part of their vessels tW? iS^ kse they would be ready to paxticVe in Le^ytZLtC^ .e moment the ice left tlie shores; and having prodLed a^suffiS; ?S&r^XcSn"'' also be funushe§ ^ithTnlVe = nnrnLht^f T^^"^^^^'^^*'^ ^ excellent. As the hernLa pproach the shores they are naturally followed by the corf Sk luch^^r!^ ^' "^"^ ^"'^ P^^^^^' «^«' ^d therefore witb Insteadifretuming to their port of ownership with the fares of b^r ir'!i ^l ^^ru."'""^^' ^^ ^^"^«^«d fit for anTmXt The vl ofiit^uSrr^'^S^' ^^f"^^ ti^eTconst^SraSd CLch othPr S P™»g^<^losey the several fisheries, as^thw e^nrlscriDdo;^,^^^^^^^^^ *^' """^^ ?"«^°"' «^^"""g the best el " [ every aescnption, m the largest quantities. By leaving snin*. nfthl SerZ; Tk/ ^ ^A^^'^'l^S «^^» considerably longer^ Ufi£k^"&.„J^h^.0^''5:^^i,^^^^ '^^^ ^ th^ early sprii and C .ng^Sf i ""^ t hey are now excl uded WX exist^ «8el6 had each some conyement fisting siation, weU shehe^^ 'V I - JlS.,"*4i,-.t>*j » '! ' IBt. Doe. 186^ wMch they could resort at all times, and where the crews eould be ren- dered useful on shore during the continuance of bad weather at set. Navigation of the St. Lawrence. Ih connexion with the right td land and cure fish on the shorM of the gulf, the free navigation of the river St. Lawrence becomes a ihat- ter of much importance. ■, ^, . , The fish caught by our fishermen m the gulf, mstead of bemg sent by the long and dangerous voyage around Nova Scotia, in order to reach some port in the Union from whence to be sent into the interior, might, when ready for market, be shipped in our own vessels from the fishing istations on the coast, and these vessels proceeding up the St. Law- lence, might reach any or all of the ports or places on the great lakes, where a supjply of sea-fish is highly prized. The numerous and constantly increasing body of consumers in the great West, even to its remotest extrenuty, would thus be fiimished with good fish at reasonable rates, caught and cured by our qwn hardy fishermen, and transported in our own vessels. ^ French Fisheries at Newfoundland. \ a The recent movements in France with regard to bounties on fish i caught arNewfouncUand, and exported to forei^ countries, are singu- larly interesting at the present time, because it will be found, firom Ivhai fdlows, that the changes which take place during the present year in the allowance of those bounties are calculated to exercise a powerful f^Bfect pif the deep-sea fisheries of the United States.* Hereafter, we are to have fish caught and cured by citizens of France, Entering our markets under the stimulus of an extrayaga bouiily, to compete with the fish caught and cured by our own citizen This altogether new and unexpected movement on the part of Frana has already attracted attention, and excited much interest and uneasi iiess among the fishermen of the eastern States. The matter at prcsei stands thus : The law of France which granted bounties to the sea fisheries beinj about to expu-e, the prdect of a new law was submitted to the Nationa Assembly on the 20th December, 1850, by the government. An abli report on these fisheries was at the same time submitted, which, amoi other things, sets forth, that the bounties paid by France during tl nine j^ears from 1841 to 1860 inclusive, for the cod-finery only, hi amounted to the mean annual average of 3,900,000 francs; the numf of men employed aimually in this fishery amounting to 11,500 on Average. The annual expense to the nation was therefore 338 fr per annutn for each man. France, it is said, thus trains up able "iViailatioiu of recent legisIodTA document* of the National Anembly of France arei JMoled to thit report,aBd to theie reference b made for fiill particulars. For theae and otk .fBhtaUe doenmenta the nndenigned ia indebted to Hoo. Abbott Lawrence, miniiter att i of St. Jamea, to whom hia best aoknowledgments at« Jostlf doe, and ar(»i iV/^1 tfe 'f^-'.^fiy^ l^' ,''-»i' j 'mmm^ mers in the 4* , seamen for her nairy, who would co8l the nation much mote if were trained to the sea on board vessels of war. committefe of the National Assembly reported at length upon th« H»«ed law, and the state of the de^serfisheries. Xm^s t^ aort. ,t appears that these fisheries, althJ^igh enjoying la^^ bountiS t^^f:^^' yerelanguishmg, owing to the g^eat lst^?e aVwS ey are conducted, and a farther increase of Ixjunties on expoiWion .as. recommended, m order to stimulate their drooping enerries^ U^S pn tne ^2d JiUy, 1861. It provides that, fi-om the first 5ay of Janu- St of fhp""^ fil ^^'\*^,r."' ^^^i- ^^ *^"»^«« f°r the encour^ aentot the cod fisheiy shall be as follows: - \^^ Bounties to the Crew. .it orNTlu^nSa^d^ftt^L:^^ ZiT^\ ""' ^T °" ^^« lank, 60 fi-ancs. «»• I'lerre, and Miquelon, or on the Grand jcL^raouH^i^^^rfrt^s''^ fisheries in^he seas surrounding lurdrTi^g.Tfrrc?^^'^ ^^^ cod fishery on the Grand Bank, 4^ For each man employed in the fishery on the Dogger Bank, 16 Bounties on the Products 0/ fhe Fisheries, 1. Drie^ cod of French catch, exported directly fi-om the olace wb^r*. be same ih ^.aught, or from the w^ehouse in Fr^ce, to7rench cd^ fetnf SS''^ °' ^^^ °'*;'° '^^ ^^^"<=h establishments on ?he we^ 2S«r:S^^^^^ ^' ^-"^ -^iq-, (equal to IrWrlT^K.'^ of French catch, exported either direct from the place C ^& th^rr^*^ ^'^^^' *° European cotmtr^orS Smetrqul^e"^^^^^^^ ^^^^P^ «-^-- -^ Algeria,,!^ ImmW ll'/ iT"^ '^^'"^' "^^•^^'* ^^^^^' t« Fccnch colonies in KfA • ^ ^^ *° 6-ansaUanUc countries, from ports in Franc^ 4 Drier^'^oT^"'^^ P'^'l"^*^ "^^^^ 1« fr^^« A lo.t»,7 <;!^ I ^^''^"''^ ^^*^^' exported direcj^om the place whfere " ■1- .^ - X Bounty on Cotf Livers. \ be product of their fishery, per quintal metrique, 20 frlmcs. nlr!!i^!i^^/^^® °^ bounties, it wiU be seen aPthS^ ome grounds for the fears entertained by the fishermen of New B^ m ^h '■'I'm u m Doc. 180. land, that the dri^ cod caught ajid cured by liie Ffench at Newfound land wUl be intipducfed into the princip^ toarketsof the United StMes, •urtth the advantage of a bounty very dearly equal to l^o dollars for each American quintal— a sum almost ebual to what our/fishermen ob- tain for their dried fish when brought td market. It must not be over- looked, either, that, besides this excessive bounty on fish exported to transatlantic countries, the Freixch fishefman wiU enjoy also the bounty , of fifty fi-ancs (almost ten dollars) per ijban tor each of the crew, a fiu. ther bounty of twenty francs per quintal metrique on tl^e cod-oil which ^ he lands in France ; and farther, an ahiiost entire remission of the duties 4H1 salt used at Newfoundland. /,,.,,. .„ With competition at hand so encouraged and sUmulated, it wdl sooii^ be necessary to give our fishermen ev^ry facility and advantage for purl suing their business which by any/ possibility can be procured, for f them. / ' . 1 3y the treaty of Paris of 1824, the French were restored to the' fisheries at Newfoundland. They '^ a short time took jwssession of ihf west coast qnd the northeast coast, and, under the high stimuUis itfforded by tiieir heavy bounties, they nearfy drove the British fisherflaeii off of those coasts, and competed successfully with them m the foapeign mar k«ts they had previously suppliec f, '.;,. ■ (. •^y^H y: ■■■'i .- .-f ■i^ 'saS^*- ,w-< li#'ij^j^4"a im^ikm^Mm PART II. .: i i ' r'l THE TRADE OF THE LAKES. In obedience to your instnie Ibmitted on the c<»idition, histDj leree of the great lakes of ad vahie of their in]p resent enumeration of theii; rews, whether progressive or ,r the following detailed report it -ospectg of the trade and com- " character, natnre, quality, coast-wise shipments, iSe le increase «r decrease; the clearances, tonnage, and jsive J with comparative state- sir free navigation and the transportation of eoods^tjE^S^f^ ^ ^TT T*P^««a, under wa^ pr^telT'ii^Sv rt iiredj the character for productiveness, whether oSSSl'^ neral weal^or of that arising from fisheries or the foS of^e cfr! Z^'lte""' *^^1«^«^^' P'^-P^cts, a«d present condi^on of tte arbors, hght-houses, beacons, pfers, and other works indispeMabfo tn :ure navigation; and lastly, the farther wprks of CsSon rS val of obstacles, and general improvements of navi^S rr^i^^^ the development an4 exploratioi^ to the fullest extef t oT IkLT^!!^ i?Sr" ^' ^Vi^We waters, sn^Z' Z'^^^^^Z^ It has been difficult to obtaih much- information and foU detailerl^ ttements on some ol these points, owiW it is beliei^^LVi,^ detailed proper legal requirementTand VuthX ^e t jtenSl SS^ ITe rf Ihe'^r'' ««^*he ^-'^t of means (excSf "^ ^S Tnf tt^ffi ?f '? T^ °*^"^ °^ ftmishing sue? stat^erS dS theu- power, and many of the citizens ^.n^n^ §«nerai mtormauon legal nmv»ii. m «r^ ~u I ^";"Pg™Q»^^annoLt)e obtained l«R»B services. And, wtth resjxKt to federal officers. j*«««rf^ tSA:, ^i^ 49 Hi; iDoOi 180^' should be enforced by leeal enactments. The organization of a sta- tistical office, the duties of which should include the decennial census as a permanent bureau attached to the proper department at Wafihingl ton, to which full information and data from all the departments and offices at the seat of government and throughout the Union, and from all our officers abroad, should be rendered.; and which could obtain like information from the State governments and other trustworthy sources, and from foreign governments likewise, might prove eminently • Properly establish^- attid conducted by intelligent, accurate, indus- *1nous ^rsbns, it might easily, collect quarterly all the requisite data of our trade and commerce with, foreign countries, of our internal trade and commerce, of our intenjjd improvements and internal transporta- tion, of our growing resm»r€es in every lot^ *,„j„ „r ^i._ Tir . ' ., . '. i^^wmuic, ^^ver regarded the lalfe ir^l ITtiTewZr^rZ^^U^^^^^ rZr^/''rT-"'f^^.°^'**'^'"'^"^^ ^d comparison, as well as from re^d to historical and geographical propriet^. the matter coUec^ on this subjedihas been thus divided a!id arraiiged : «>"ected UntiJ!"^'^^' ^f "^'^ '^^ ^f ^^^' «f ««ch of the lake districts of col- j-fiL '^^^^'^^ fii^^^tiBnong tlie 1m conffiied. and thence proceediffi; westward to thl, head of iTake Superior. ^ lo each of these districts is attached a synopsis of such commercial and custom-house stati^tk:, as were attainSe, ^id fS to ^^0^ point; also, a and back cou reference to th To enter in 1 admitted as it. and extensive ( little appears t lation to our o and prosperity , past history, nj social, and politi impertinent. in the first ph legislators at the commerce has / and to threaten i a percejptioii of t and inland navigi the public to effec [enterprise of indi^ influence of the It appears, more that, because our anii^riease under made no greater o of govermnent ; ai has so succeeded. To these propos , First ThattLj feets the surplus pr ports from the sam, That this mariti [opulent commercial '"m?^ construction 1 hat without a s lerce would be car ^ould be injurious r Ihat, for the pres lUst be of raw mate le fisheries, and the inat even when tl •rt shall be more laj « raw produce, the r large commercial citi( 1' supplying material '"""g populat ion. pttfoftTioseSrtia '3 foreign ribf used as ft borne for homg use, W.' i,.Sk;. . Mi Boc, 196^ ^ SS^^ba^l^^fS^^^^^ with their trad ^ reference to the whole^f t^ ^ *V^^'^' detailed stetSaJ Sl/'^^ To enter in ttrpliee on ^ S' ^^ ^^^^'^^«-« basS "^'"^ '^^'"* «* legislators at tK5.t ttfS^ ^elf-gratulation of the people and tU ' influence of he wf '^"T"""^^« 5 ^d. lasV^^^ ""T" ^^ Jit appears mnJ °" ^'^^ former branch nf .•^'■f^"*^e»-atJng thatTeZ';err:;>,4«e''^^ ^^^ -SflslrTo^^^^^^^ Ian inpr^ase under ^frp^^^, commerce has expeZncJ J "^^^^^^ /made no greater or /Sf'^""^ «««^«what untowJid it "^JJ^u"^ |of gbveri^enfnnJ F«gress if liberX S ' ? /^«"W have J Fu-st That tte maritime ^^'*P^^d'b"'e%: Verce would be caS^^ ^^ Pf *^"cc for exportadoT.rr^'^.^- nust be of raw LZ^h P^'^pon^erance of our fnr.; ^ ^ ""^ ^*"®«n raw matei-ial or ./. .» t ■i'.*' *..,.w ■ft'Sil-.I* iaaimfiwtme, and tends thereby so fiir to change the balance of tr»d« in It JJwintended by some political economists, that of nations engaged in commercial pursuits, the largest exporters and the smallest mi- porters must be Sie gainers, since a large excess of importation must cauae a drain of the precious metals to pay for such excess. It does not follow that if this be true as to foreign or maritime commerce, it j is equally so as to inland or interior trade. Bie former cannot exist but by means of the latter ; the latter may •iist, and in some sort flourish, without the aid of the former. , Aiain, for articles of bulk and weight, no means of transportation I cpn Compete with water carriage, especially for great distances. It is ^ flie best and the cheapest. . , . j •.• • *• ji This then is the position of our mland and mantune navigation audi commie: the former is the feeder of the latter, the sourceof itsl &rea.ineB8i for at such a vast distance do our granaries and storehouses! ^agricultural and mineral wealth he from our marts and workshops, p that but for the network of lakes, rivers, and artificial improvements , with which our country is so wonderfully mtersected, they could never ^ be rendered available for exportation, of hoipe consumption on the sea-^ board, and in the old and thickly settlecTdistricte. These considerations show the interest which the external or mari-j time commerce has in the , advancement of the lake trade and naviga-i tion; ancl establish that the maritime commercial commumties, andthej commonwealth, should, as a matter of justice and duty, as well as ofl expediency, aid liberally aU improvements whidi may faciUtate thef prosecution of business, the cultivation and exploitation, and yet moref Uie transportation, of that produce which is necessary to the existence! > df the one, and the well-being of the other. The lake trade is obligedl tb efffect much more by its own means than the foreign, and it had infinitely less means whereby to effect it. . l v , I It is well known that this inland or lake trade is in the handil of new States, peopled, for the most part, by emigrants, whcwe chief! possession is their industiy, swelling the coffers of the older aiidj wealthier communities. The latter now virtually demand that these] infant States «iall not only produce, but transport produce, and clea tlie way for that trsmsportation, for their benefit, at their own expens* Hence the expediency and justice of lending, under these circunastance federal aid to the new States, so far as removing pr surmounting sue obstacles in fVee channels of trade open to all or any States, as arel oflfered by the flats of the Lake St. Clair, the rocks and shoals of Ls' George, ot the Sault St. Mnrie, is, it is considered, incontestable. ' The details pf the diafricts,^ and the general synopsis of the lakal , and lake country, will undoubtedly suffice to establish the facts anit| show the, realities of the vast extent of the existing trade, its pasf " rgigantic future. -Btttrtt- .^in^^,^^^ ..+ i*o njinm-ni tiircs may be useful for the concentration of ideas and ready percop tidn of rcstllts. v.; The coast line embraced in this repprt includes botli sliorea of Lak 'Champlain, with which it commences (discharging its waters into the Sd Lawrence by the Sorel or Richelieu river,) the southern bank of the river M. . ,■.■-''■■ ■ ■ .- " ' ... \ ■ iii ■ ■ ' . - \ f ^ .5'*^?"°^ ^^® Oqtario, the Niagara river anH T «lr^ V^^ ♦ n dividing line between New York and PennsvJv^ vi; *?"®' ^ *« coast of Laie Erie to the PeM^lvSS^^;*^?*^^ ^f "^^^^^ southwestern coast of the samA iS« ♦^u -^.9^® ^®J ^ence the the whole southern tt ^fTe feok ri^ef Sfe^,% '^.%'^- , the western codst of Lake Huron «]ZTfhZ 'S P^^.^^ ^^ "ver, gan, the whole c(msts of L^rjlfc 1 Sois, Ohio, WiscoS. a^d^^bX^^ Si Si"^ ■'?.^ ^''^^ «^ "^- westem coast line of Like St rST'^iT • *e southerS^and south, Superior, incluXfftKorLnf?;K^^ "^L^^^"- ^^'«' ««d Lake M^esota, to tRonLrofJhf r^^^ ^'"^^^' Wisconsin, and Rainy lak; and Lake ofthfwt^"''^^^ ^* t^« *>"tlet of The ixtent ^the^ ^^JTX ^^^^«"/ I'^J'e Superior, and embraces portionf of thf?.>?*^^*^°"'^^ °^«^ "» kngth, wealthiest of t^Se Unfon- V '"^ ^T'ht^''^''^ of them Te Ohio, Michigan, InSa, feVw^^L^'^^^'t^^^^ tory, on the One side; while th° akes on^i^ ' ^^ ^® Minnesota Terri- a coast line of nearly eqnal^T^^^^^ """^ '''''^T^ «» ^^ other fertility, on the CmldiTs^\tell!^T^'^ ""^^^^ ^^^ tistics of measurement, ar^ribllows. ^^^^^^ves, with their sta- SpmnmUts. 32,000 22,000 20,400 9,600 6,800 90,000 ■ -^ ' I I Lawrence, which TrenS navii'tf^Ti^^^ *« ^^^ & vessels not exceeding m f^SeL a^T ^"^"^^ ^*»^°™d l» ind the free navigationbf whthfl a • ^?®' *"*^ ^^ ^eet dniiukL [adian government. <^«nc«wwn of reciprocity of trade to the C*. TOove »regite marineTbuUt^'^^ Zk^^ "^^ ^ '^^ ««^^ o.t a pathless wildernes? ofm o^ ^ ""^"l^'^J ^ ^^ ^^ ^n al- dng testate that SiS A J^^^^^ ?"' *'"'***'°- It may be ioterw Se. Pennsyl^S^ t im br.h?"°"'^ °" ^^" ^™ ^'»» t>S^ e example wi n(Hfollow^ ' "* *^^ ""^ ^^^ ^° afterwitfa, and '.if' . '^ -.'IH'^ " * I 't it.' ' 1 1 . » u «^w^ *iwS.iM he her^ mentiohed in reetord Xo this vast aug- j^tation of "^«T;^£,^^Sy ,epr3^^ by the increaBe of tonnaie; bosmess is most "^^f?"*^^^^.^ vessels, their speed whfle under |&«^,by themcreased^capa^cibesotth^^^^ the substitution of grater by ten-fold. _ worthy of notice that, in 1839, the To ilkstrate ^^^P°^^^"' ^* theseE had an average of 449 tons ^T'K^^tT^^^o'm^^^^ ^ 1851 the aW ofAe burden, the »ar«^^^.^TSfe short of 1,000 tons, and the average of the "VT^fj^r^S^^nS^Tinl steamers ^d propellers, Iras 437 whde-steam flej^^^^^^^ ^^.^^^ ^ ^^^3 ^owedto afirst- ^fd^o^y^^em^^xed by firsf^ate steamers, and four to five *^JC^faS show that four times as much business is transacted in iJlXtSaS^rs, i was effected by the same number m 184 . ^ suteition of steam for sail in the same period ha&, it is evident ^STyXeater increase in the speed of transit and celerity o ^MpmJntj^d this substitution is hourly on the mc^ase; ^^^^ • of Which, of 7.000 tons of shipping now on the stocks at Bu^o, 250| ^v^ne bri(e-are sail; all the remainder steam or propeller. ^^SlaSSl^ecies of vessels the increase is so great andspregj '\d^£^%(Ey are they growing into favor, that there c^bj mi doubt that they are destined ultimately to supersede ^ssds m Hed by sail only, especially for voyages of moderate lengt^ and , S^^Xe ik is^uniant and easily to be pw^ured. In no r SoTof the glSbe are these two conditions, on wbcb re|« the avaJ^ ^ of flc^-steamers, more perfectly comjhed With than on 1 lak^. where the longest voyages do not exceed three weeks, at an ei, treme calculation, and where Bituminous coal of a veij fin^^^^y *»• b^* procured at an average price of three flollars and a half per to and at many points at two and a hall on the docks. ' , „ ^The foUowing table, taken from a very valuable report by Messi IfMufield and Gallagher, of the'staustics and steam naanne ot the Unitu States for 18«1, will show the comparative force of rtie steamers enj ployed in the oceanic and the lake trade, andwill athibit a resiilt siil Sciently surprising to readers unacquainted with the business ot them tenor. :i.K*'ii*^-?;vr'vi •* ,v \ iJkm mi. 5M' 3eait steamers, (coast) rdinaijr steamers " [Propellp^ . (( * * ■ steam feitV boats " '.'.','.''. Total coasts 96 382 67 80 Jrdinait steamers, (lake and river) ropellers « «, < Steam ferry boatd « « Tptel l^eand rjyer 91,476 90,738 ' 12,245 18,041 6,»^ )team marine, coast. " inland. Total. « 212,600 204,726 1,390 11,77& 17,607 excess of lake and river . . : i 1406 The diaWbution of «ea„ers in U.e ba,i„ .f the lake, is „ fottn«, ^ District of Burlington -' * Plattflburgh !.".'".' ^\ V OgdensburgK '.*.". ? Sackett's Harbor. *.!.*'.* *" J" . 4a . Oswego '..'" Q • Rochester.,,//^" ly.."* \ Niagafa...%«r>\ '"' ' ? .' Buffalo ..*.!.";; J Presque Isle #." *^ Cleveland |^* " ' , ; Sandusky... "W-- ^ .Toledo.: '.; ^ •••• fl& Detroit .*;; ;;■••• jf Michiliniackinac v - '^ - • . - 47 Chict^ ..'.''* The number on each lake 13 4 TJhamplAin Ontario Erie Straits 17 17 114 Michigii".; ; ; ..**.. ";^.''. '..'.".".; .7 ^* .1 . . fc' i «• Doc 180. -- The efc numberaf ve^ls and creW^ to 140 bottoms, and #37 men. in ejcessof the n#y, though p tor^e employed m the latte **^ is for this wealth! eommer^ °^*^,^'f c^ltre nW striving^ in, earne* ^^ff'P^*"'.^/ oSs and avenues, It^it^ txanmdm; an»i8 outlets ana avenues, lut. ^fsp "-—"TWii^ iopd eviifence that all % JaateJ^ M are, insometsort, morei»*^*s8 affejt^ tount TheerflBit system bf exchange bietj^i ' Sa^^Sh/^pireWestjBtransato \vnh them; an" '^^ ^ "°^ popul»i<}ij in the A^i • reiPept even pace J mi«*i"o r'ff^ competition is^| [ewiiijljllted and middle States J ly it. 5' ^ • ■ ■ ^ brthe (tmmez. i^e l^Ues^; iStii^ -' Jt^te^pd ofpopi^cUion and tonnage 1,009,823 1,833,315 l,«ll,89t 1,«69,808: 1,954,717 2,234,«» 8,«»,lfl6 .22.1 19.3 i2.8 17.7 14,3 2|.CT ,958,632 1,401,070 2,014,695 2,699,84& 3,587,664 4,526,260 6,893,735 Npne. 9$ 324 792,719 1,470,018 2,967,840 4,721,430 B 1 3 ^ "s, JQ ■v> ? ^ o H u g ^ p^ H 1 Nout -••• --gi- • • • > • ... 442.04 191.09 3,5i ^88.43 20,01 101.89 75,01 59.08 215, 7i ■V X M ' .'I n\ H.1)6c: 13d, 5f 00 1 g Urn O ■ s "§! y o c Pi ( fi ^ Nov • •-•«*- 42.04 91.09 3,,-* 86.43 20> 01.89 75,011 69.08 215,7! Li thk«cheme it must be observed that the six NewEwrland Rtnt., TheMiddleStates, NewYork New W;,P^ ol?! D :i, • BcMon teMiete that tHT^. ^^''''"'."OO.o'. souls; andthere is every ake countiT shajl be seen sortn^rrii^t ■ • 'w«nn«tli <.entury, this ,regate tonnage of that marinp ^hinhul *^^°®' *"<^ t^e bj?- reis, from nothing to two EL^^hi ^^ ,^P™°g "P? "^ less than forty , It is stated thatll^^ entire^nnn?o7^'^*°"?"°^^ Ut,. for the benefit^fXws aLd SS""- °^ k has been «17a99,2S;if whSfonlyS^^^ first^organiza- ^e lakes, the balance beini aU for LZS ' ? "^T -^^^^'^^ ^ hat, too, in face of the fa^ tVt inTr.^"" ""T' ^^ "vers; and fie disadvantages, in^f^^^nf e?„Sn ^^^^^^^^ ? V^"^^^ "'^^^oi'^a^ ors, there is ^eater proSortion J lnT^?rr ^^ l^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^ar- [.e ocean- itsefand alf ksSuf^r seL^ '" *^''- ^^'^'^ ^^ <>»» i^S^ot^r^^^^^^^ life bv marine le, but which becoz^e faflTe deifil "l"""'-"^^^^ mostlamenta- ^ a smalt outlay the navtadTconfi h! T^^^ '^ '' considered that ', that of any okr waS ^erendered as safe, at the least, Jth^tetkTart^;^^^^^^^^^^ found in* the fact., iolent as those of the oce^ tl^ t^ ' ^^t ^^ tempests, as [low of a vessel scuSmSk^w I "''^^"ffi^ent sea room to ly duration, 8h|yffl£,o^^ll^^ »f the gale were df which 8h<> nim kT^^T "7*^<3i^Pn6 end to the other of the lak« wmcn sne migtit be oauirht. ^d M^^/>iif fi.«„i. i i laice, i^^er. In#e^amier.thfbteShh^^^^^ ^utive,E so mucfrb^et w^h 7 ,iat a vessercannorw iS t in .1^^'*^' '^f\^ '"4 ^^ncC dious drift which is eXlSbj; ?n T^T''''^ '^^^ '^^^^ ^^ ^ Pe following tabLwiS Si tht^^hf fr ""^T ^" destnietion. ^ lough to plead trumnpt-tnnmT«^\, vu^ " "® ^"'^^y disaattpus '^ ke mean? of iS^tTrtXH to^S^ us seas of the ig^rJgL/ Protection to the fenv^a^rs of|ho8%peri£ */> >£ Mf'-' m SL Doe. i8e; (''^^- Yean. 1848 1849. 18601..- 1861. ..J. t..... ' .J Total of four years Property. $420,61g 368,171 668,826 730,637 2,078,046 U9t», 66 34 396 m 663 The excess of lives lost in 1860 was occasioned by the explosion of | the boilers on board two steamers, and the burning of the third, which " had on board a large number of emigrants; this may be therefore; in some degree deemed accidental and extraordinary,, p^ 8uchcatas-| \ tit^hes are of rare Occurrence on the lakes. The great preponderance, • however, of the year 1861 over those of. 1848 and 1849, has no such; palliation, since they were the effect of heavy gales, the absence of J harbors necessary for the protection of mariners, and the obstruction of ^ the mouths of such, as do exist, by bars, on which a terrible surf bteaks, f and which entirely preclude the possibility of entering the place to which \ theyjiave in vain fled for refuge. It is of little benefit to the mariner | •that the government has expended comparatively inconsiderable amount) m the erection of piers and light-houses at the entrance of a few bdr-| mouthed rivers and harbors. The total of the losses on the Atlantic, G*lf of Mexico, and Pacific j coasts, in the year 1861, amoimted to 328 vessels, aiul^ many hundred | lives, out of a total marine measuring 3,666,464 tons,j^eing a loss off one vessel to fevery 10,844 tons of shipping. I The late losses of the same year were 42 vessels, and 79 hves, outi of a marine measuring 216,976 tons, being a loss of one vessel to everyf 6,142 tons of shipping. The proportion of vessels lost on the lak^sl is dierefore much in excess of the losses on the ocean coasts, and thatf of lives still more so. In this point of consideration it is worthy of remark that a singlel powerfiil government steam-dredge could be kept continually in comJ mission, and employed during seven months of tne year, which could,! with perfect ease, remove the obstructions on the flats of Lake Stl Glair and Lake St George, open th^ bars, and deepen^the beds of ail th6 harbors, from one extremity of the lakes to the other, in the courser «f a very few years, and keep them unobstructed, thenceforth to tha €od of time, by an annual appropriation of oqife-fourth. the unmount the augmented compensation recently granted to the Collins line £teainers; and, of course, two such vessels, materially lessening tli«j du ration of the work, for one-half that appropriation. T9or^6e8 it appear that the opening an area so vast tolhe^rerpris ^nd efliciency of our inland commerce, giving perfect protection to n important a branch of the national marine as that employed in the navH gation of the lakes, is an end less worthy thj^n the fiirthering and en couraging any system of post oflice transportation, and ocean stea IP* '©pi laa. ■^^v-' fffj marine, hpwever incomparable its desertj.- or,^ ♦i.- • i the preservation of wh?t is ienerdirh^W 1^. ?"\7^*o«t regatyling th^»-the lifo^f human Kg"! ^ ^^^^ invaluable amcpg earth? of p^XratSu^;^:^^^^^^ acme meed bors. and marine commTiSons, whtl She .V? "^J" ^""'^ ^''' so valuable as that for which XhrSrS V ^^^ of a commerce to oeriect the internal and ^d comiSSs ^TH't^'' ^^ and radroads, the vouna SfafPa !» „^- u fu " , ^^ "^^ich, by canals making so great e^^^ ' ° ""^f" "^^ ^"^^^^^ P^^ced, ^e wSS'7onttSro?^Lt 1^^^^ ^^'li^--? ^^ effect facilitation by all nS of t^^nrrS^f'." °?f"'"^ °^ ^^^' and the upon the growth^oSs the^S f °" ^"d "itercommunica^n, has perity of istricts; wfiactu^K °"' ^"^^^a^«n» wealth and pr^ meUcal progression, to 5reraStK^'° ^'"^^^ ^"^^^ ^ ^^' number Sf tlieir outl4 and avenLs for '.^^^^^ access/bihty. and the It may not, therefore, he nZTZti^^T^'^^ ^^ immigration. of these influences on the unnaraTC ^ *** ^^T^^ ^^ operation in fact be traced directlv^rtCe~^^^ disitrryXtSntd^^^^^^ P-d of the waters, anything like practicCvtauwfhP^ f "^'^ ^« «^^.^ 4* V^ I K. Doc. 139; ports of the «ame articte over the same -waterfl were equivalent t«i^ 8,800,000 busheb of wheat, being an increase, in the space of five years, in the articles of jfMj|B^|y|i!iur, of whatsis equi|l to 3,300,000 bushels of wheat, or,ndn|||^^MK|fed per 'cdiittm. These articles are se- lected, as hcMBR^^|^!^y«^n order to illustrate ihe.efiect of canals tpon lake cjJm^^KAt thia period, 1840, there were not completed over two Ijlj^ed miles of railway in the State, and this distance was composed 6f broken portions of rpads, no entire route existing as^ yet across the length or breadth of the State. In 1 860, there were in opera- tion something over four hundred mjkytiyj gi li'oad, and rather a; greatfit lengtfi of canals, while the p^ pHBBWfw BKincr^ed^o 1,908,408, and her*exports, by lake, of wheat and llour, jvere equivalent to 6,764,075 buaMs of wheat, and that, too, in s^ite of the feet that^the crop of 1849 l^llmost an absolute failure throughout the West. \1 I41861 the exports of wheat and flour, by lake, were e<|nivalent lo Bss than 12,193,202 bushels of wheat ; and tlie cost of freight and Bing charges on this amount of p-oduce falls little, if any, short of 1,000 ; nearly the whole amount haying reached the lakes via the ^ canals and railways of Ohio. • - Similar sketches of the other northwesti&rp States, during their rise ^ , and advid|(iement to their present conditipn of prosperity, and influence on the cimfederation, might be aikluced in this place, kll equally flat- tering to die energy and enterprise of the western peoplaftjand to the influence of internal improvement on commerce; but thil^mrrative of the eldest Btate of the group will suffice to illustrate the subject, and"| #^ve some^^a of the imexampled progress of the whole. J . Westward 'oSi Ohio, the Wabash canal brings the vast productions of j Indiana to the lakes, passing through a small portion of Ohio, from the port of Toledo to the junction, thence to EvansviUe, on the Q^o river, and traversing the entire ^pngwi of the Wabash valleyi one of ffie finest wheat and com countries m a^t the West, f This canal is four hundred ; and sixty-four quks in length, and is one o^ the most important of re- cent improveinCTHL "W^ y \ It i? worthy ofnote here that, in additioii' to its v^t commercial _^ inaojs by the gtlat^^sj Ohio, and more parti(jularlj;^ its commercial €apital, Cincinnati^i^largest, wt!||thiest, an^finest city of the west, nd the great empcaiium of tha| i^^on, has ah imi^nse mmic^i'ce, both in exports and imports, by die r^rt^tihig and^lwssisyftppi j and it apjpears that a Wger portioq^of g||^i^iare imported vl^r the use of | " ' ' ' the river,, than to the lake-board, via m much larger portion of the trade I iBs, a 'majority w the live stock and . ^ , e rivers or otherwise. No ill effect is i prMuced, however, on either commercial route, by this competition, but rather the j^reverse, there being times when either route alone is closed I tQ nayigation---the lakes during the winter Jhe fa ilu re ofltaj i ga te rs during the « umra«r the interi(»', into Cincinnati tile lakes ; arid farther, 'tib^t fc ^^ produce^gc^s by | 1inifn&3 provisions is sent by " Iv by the ice, and the Ohio by i ^d roughtsr ThCTi&JSr mere-^ over, commerce enough amply to sustain both channels; and while flwj 6tatq> its ■ oeautifiil capital in particular, is a great gainer, no port or place of biisiness is a loser by this two-fold avenue and outlet % | r«jBunercial transportation. Sifci' ;i ,,\» The' southern Michij terminates northern Indiana railv ^estward;¥r;;ugrSelo"urhe^Tu'^^^^^^^ 'S^?' ^^^^ . ninties of IndiaHa, to Chicae^ «t ^h^ kI^I r ?'^f " """^ *^^ northern las^mborder of IlCis ffi ro^ nafil^^^t ^^'^'^^"' °° *h« fertile ^ons of these StntP^/Tk ^ *^'"*'"S*' ^''^^^ of the most 8 end^gth!„,aX cS^ '^*^""^^y completed through .e commerclofriatrS^^^^ ^^ ^^ ^"^^ ^ ^^^ ^-tly *o ^^^yl'o^^^tS^^ Detroit river, the central Michigan ith ^WBuffkfo a,^?the5X anfrv- k^^'" *^" ^'^y ^^ I>^tr!it, |f (heir business to the Se« ^' ""^I^-drng upon it as the avenue ^^^^^^^Z^t^/^^'iJT'^ various ^ kem . ■ -y "^"^"^^»^ to the commerce of the' ^e^:ti;Sl"n:^^^^^^ I^-^e Huron may be passed e prinJpal o/tS^^^V'Sh t r^aT t"'°^^- ^^ "^ i^ontiac railroad tc/ Sagbaw ^S^^ •^^'^'^•' - '^^ .^^t^nsion of .opposite to Saritia, Sa WesT^Xr^^"?' ? '^^ ^'' ^^^ 1^ with a branch of thp^lof' , ^^ ?f " destmed to com- ■^Ontario, t^ L a^e Hurtr Cfc r^d""^'"" «^'>^* fern Toronto, across the ienfnsXbv I i"" ^"^ P'^'J""^"^ ^^ mon the great Georgian bnl^J?' k^ -^f^f Suncoe; to Pene- Sault Ste*J|ane I)v m/£ ? /' Y^'"^? ^'" ^^'>^^^^ the route ta ' >mandedandWp^^^sTfh «^e«. and, should the muc^ .t effected, ^ti^^^r, la^T^hl"'""^ ?' ?""^^ ^ "o^ at >veIon and b>mg to a m^ker^fC^^^e"'^' ^njprovement to ike Superior. ^ncmcuJabie mmeral resources of ^etrgln,'^^^^^^^^^ >rtherB portion of WuS^^ZC^.f^'f'^''^'^'^ X en,frapper8rtradersandvoyaffeurs^Z«t? Tf*V-l^^P' tolJMf no internal improvements trihnt^S f"? "^^urally hitherto the W&e Passing southwardXwev"r to^.^ k'°"™ tenor of Wisconsin/ th^re^J L1 ^?^' ^^ "« ^"^^^^^ in the the internal n%ationTf tSl' stt/X?^'''^ '""T ^^F^vement^ Wance to the fut|-e grouch of thltr ^'^' P^'^^P^^ of more im- ^ted in any part ofthe^sSte Thl commerce than any yet per- ! th^caniUnecSig tR^^ ^°^^« «« the il ri?^J. Ich opens the steam nav%TtTon of thf^ "^"^ *^ Wisconsin d. although it is 8carc6lv Sl.lfc i^^« *° "^^^ o^aft, and nVe SttineTessete which nav- L ' iaxes win pasg^hJough the 'rivplf ti,- .-"-""«»- per valley of .he mJJ,^'-^^; sKfitS^jJ^ .■v!Ji ■V ' '■km i m ,;• ^<'>, h m ^^H i < ' ■ ;1!^^^K^H Hh ""i&di^- Doc^ l^» country, is. m * J«^^ fe^^S^^f MisaiS^ rivers i.. in f-ct, b, The junction of t^^J^^^Takes than to St. Louis ; and the tran. Uus route brought nearer 'J «J^^^^,^,,^^ted line of steamboat navK| portauonot goods ^»^"'«^3^^^uX of l^e« «»d "^^^ ^^« ^'**^ «'' on the borders of Lake Wi^eb^i^^^^^^ are everywhere; ^^"^^"^kL^ to the iXHnm we reaih Chicago, where Lai "STistSea^^ IhtminoTs river by a rf «rxoO nnU k^^TpTning to that lake the vast wealth and traffio of the nchc, 'H^tl.^^^^^o^^^^ one of winch is c^ pleSome forty rJs L the westward. ^»H<^\^^^^;^ ^^jj^^^^^ Sie MississiDDi. There are also plank roads from many points, mori or less 3l^ avenues of commerce to the lakes: at present, how^j S tiheXc«nication between the northern and southern routd S^bv the iSinob^d Michigan canal. This Was origmaUy mtended be a shro^S! connecting Chicago with Peru, on the Dhnois river^^ w JoSv cSuctS equS to thi admission of ordmary canal boag whfch cL^ reachiiig the latter point, be towed by steam down i^ rivf toTt S);rand^retumthencV laden witb.^ugar. hemp, tobac« flour oi grain, and thence by horse power to CbicaffO. WhetSrthe original plan of this canal wiU ever "fee carried out.. besV very problematical, since there are obstacles m the periodical sb WsTo/Te waters of theffinoiswhichwouldfrustra^^ of the improvement, to wit, the through-navigation of the works t •This canal was opened in May, 1848. and die first section of i Chicago and Galena railroad in March. 1849. In 1847. the year p vious to the opening of the canal, the ireal estate ^^ p^sonal propen mCook countyTof which Chicago is the capital, was valuedat $6,189,3 and the State tax was $18,162. In the year allowing, when ^eca had been one sestson in operation, the valuauon rose to $6,986.UU0, , the State tax to 825,848. In 1861 this valuaUon had nsen yet laj to the sum of $9,431,826, and the State tax to $56,937. In 1840 population of Chicago was 4,479, and the valuaUon of Property nrt horn $260,000; wMe in 1861 the populauon was about 36,m and assessed valuation of real and pergonal property was »«»S°2,717. I ^8AZJh6,pPPulatinn, accordin g to the ci tyi gensus, waa 16,859; i n 18 Tt^wM205^23;inl849, 23,047; and ip 1B60» according to the XJffl| States census, 219,963; having increased twice more rapidly than bete 8ince the completion of the canaL The populauon of Chicago at l tiBl&--August, 1862~i8 nearly, if not quite, 40.000. , I|b regaxd to this train of argument, and -to this view of the e»ctl ;f;/"V-' -4/ :■;,..■ ■•■ \ ■■ ■: ; * , •■ ;■■ ' HI ^lii,.ii(iiKii.itei WKa _, ad improvcmente on the growth of the West, and on the commw tbteaame train of examination in relation to the growth oicm^T^t » the ea^t of the great lakes, such as Buffalo, lC\«rk Oswe^^^? bin^S^^dchS 'T*'^ ^^'^. ^ the^same clmZ^X^^^^ Ihcuntemal channels of communication in J^ew York and Maafiac^ In^OO, the city of New IJjk, with its suburbs, had a popuJatioz* _ oi . , ^ 63.000 — n 1SAO «r *^CrrTr!f > / gjston 38,000 Philadelphia city and CO. 73,000 Cmcinnati . . . . 7^0 Bnflkio... .....:::::: Oswego ,..* ^ Albany..... _ 534^ Cmcago,. , . Sti Louis........ ^ 2^000 63,000— in 1850, of..... «« 700,000 212^,000^ 460,000 116,43ft 43,360 #,76a 29,963^ Hence if appears, that hetween the yeats 1800 and V8^o*fUr.«:^ .very. 6*; Alb^n^Xvf *? ,^f g^^^^^^^ hJ . This covers a term of half a century; bu fr^mmUoTs^n ie.^incinLu,ii7!lte; In ^f iarin'8,^^1^ & oKuS oncfi^'l^a^^S's^'pS^^^^ of Ne^ any,15i; Cincinna^.^V sTl™ 7^^^ Boston, 16; Al^ From 1830 to 1850. a o^rS nf ?«,'7^ Buffalo, 6J; Detroit, 8. ion^lhis being the firstCnl. Lf %^^T' ^^ term of duphca- ,ianal, but befle hslnlenrhad bee^^^^^ of the'^Erie king to thenon^omSon of theOwL^^^^^^',^" *? seaboard, few York, 15 years -Sr^PlihfniJi^i ^^*^'^ canals-was, ii» Cmcinnati, 8f; Sn^uissife ^l*J ^""^ ^^' Albany, 20? nd Sandusky. 5 Aid fo,mi Clevel^d, 6^ ' ng which n^ly thfwh^rwesJem p^^^^^^ ^'^'^ d"' y ipeans of 'the Ohio, New York n^f w?i^ i*?-*"^*^""^ exporter* rarious lilies of railwa^Mhreff^rt i t^ Philadelphia canals. a£d the tuplioation in the S of bS^-. !? i"?^^"^^^ on the pe^ of 4n truly astonishiS^ bm S^Stf n ^^^^ "^ New T^, ha» ^ •m the iast upon the westemVSSi^ %^^^ "^^^^S *»*^ reflected According to the ratt^f/if^ ^ ^ "* ^^f ""ore wonder&L ;ork wouKubl^Kpu^^^^^^ ^"'^ J^ '^^ y«^' ^e.^ ^1^76?! Cb'^TM?wSie srrl/' Cleveland. 6}, &^ .f *ee«.|=- The e^^'co"?iX^°^LT^'^^^ MLu I ' 1 If ^^^?py m i i 1 1 Mm t' ■ necessity for the improvement'; and the same law which called it into existence as necessarily requires it, by a reactionary impulse, to vor demnify its creator. i tt • j o ' Before the present centmy shall have passed away, the United btates will undoubtedly present to the world a spectacle unequalled m past history. More than fifty milUons of repubUcan freemen, all equal citi- zens of a confederacy of independent States, united by congenial sympathies and hopes; by a devotion to the principles of pohtical and j religious freedom, and of self-government; bound together by a com- | mon language and harmonious laws, and by a sacred compact of uhion, will also be firmly cemented witli one another by indissoluble .bonds of mutual dependence and common interests. The remote Sections of the confederacy will be made near neighbors by means of canals. Railroads will chain all the several parts each to each; the whole people from the Pacific to the North Atlantic Ocean, froha the great J lakes to the Gulf of Mexico, cultivating the arts of peace and scie»cfi, f and incited by a genuine rivaliy for the accomplishment of the. teC)| mission of the American people. THE LAKE DISTRICTS. , WITH A DESCHIPTION OF KAOH J .^\ * ' ' i STATISTICAL STATEMENTS OF THE CANADIAN AND DOMESTIC TBADE, AND A GENERAL SUMMABY. y> '3* No. 1. — District op Ysrmont. Port- of entry, Burlington; latitude 44° 2T, longitude Ta^lC; .pop-i uktion in 1830, 3,525; in 1840, 4?fi71; in f&50, 6,110. . _ " This^ which is the easternmost of all thel|ke districts, comprises the whole^iistern shore of Lake Champlaih, fxrni its southern extremity at^ WhitelMlo its northern termination, excepting only a few miles at the! hedd qf'^issisquoi bay, which fall within the Canadian line; imdj^- braces all those portions of the State of Vermont which are subject to' custom-house regulation^. • .^ Lake Champlain is about one hundred and five miles in len^h, at\^ varies Jn breadth fi-om one to fifteen miles; it contains spverjil islands, principally toward tlie upper end, of which the largest are North and South Hero, and La Motje island; and, in' additictti W aU rfie Avaters of Lake Oe6rge, its jn-incipal affluent, the outlet ©f which gnters it at Ti- Cmideroga, >receives nine^considerable streams : the Otter creek, the Onion river, the Lamoile, and the Missisqtioi, fopni, Vermont to Jthe north and eastward; the Chaa:y, the^aranac. thy $able. and Boquet rivers, on the wes?^ an^ ^obd Creek pA the' iauth, Ti^joi the State oT New York. It discharges its own wateas into the'&t«(^wrence by.the Sorel Of Itichelieu river, in a nortlieastcrly cdtir jfemfe navigation (i wliSch iiad'bfien Improved by the Works of tlie \S!|[al!^ly (Canadian]^ canal, so ais to afftird. on ci^y communication ht$lafge vessel^ to the ■_#g graduaMy from the Iw«af of fiu^hn^t^ bay. 6n the wutheiii ^ide of ^*^' =?^"^ « , > f^ rf»^^ 1 "tlie debouchure of the Onion river into the lake, and is the canital of Chittenden county, aA^ by far the most considerable commercial place of the State. It haTmoreover, a fine a^icultural back countnr, of -which it is the mart aiM outlet Burlington is distant from New York, by railway, about three hundred miles ; from Boston two hundred and thirty-five; tod from Montreal one hundred. By its jW)S8es8ion of ai central position, with the advantages of both land and water steam fkcilities, alikte for travel and transportation to the grand emporia of 5 Canada, New England, and New York, it is making rapid advances | in wealth and population; and now, with railj-oad communications I open on either side of the lake, can scarcely fail to unprove and increase, in a ratio commensurate with that of the unprovements m its vicmity. The only method, within our reax;h, of amvmg at the aggregate amount of the lake commerce ar^i traffic, is by taking the accounts of the canal oflSce at Whitehall, whiph exhibit the amount and value ol^ merchandise delivered at the lake, and the quantity and value of pro -duce received from the lake ; and then by estimating the coasting tradel of the lake above Whitehall which do^s not reach the canal. Bjj | tricts of Vermont and Champlain, we arrive at the gross amount of the| aggregate coasting Jrade of the whole lake, as comprising both the coH lection districts; but owing to this compulsory mode of procedure, no| definite understanding of the proportion of commerce attaching to each,| separately, of the two districts, can be reached. i * The amount of assorted merchandise delivered into Lake Chamj in 1861 was 126,000 tons, at $1 76 per ton. Average valuation as on Erie canal $31,876,0(Mi Amount of produce received from the lake 3,€16,89r Add for coasting above the canal....*. 1,000,OC -n ■ Total commerce of the lake i.« . 26,890,89 itward.— Am« The Canadian trade of Vermont district, for the years 1860 1861, Was as follows: > 1850. « 1851. Exports of domestic produce ; $661,677 $468,0«| "t foreign merchandise 294,182 309,66 'Total exports.. 946,869 767,1 • T6talimporti....-^ 607,466 266,I1J| Total t 1,662,326 1,03 3,98 finhtract total of 1 861 1 .03 3. 989 ^^= Decrease of 1861 619,336 iu •t ' 136. 68^ [•he tonnage in the Canadian trade for the two years was as foUowsr 50. iNd. Tons. ^^SS 94.235 818 122.813 Decrease m 1851 30 • 28.578 No. Tons. 695 91.967 731 105.359 36 13.390 iThe ag^egate shipping of Lake Champlain, both foreig^d^. Wknn fP^««^nted to We numbered 3,950 eiitrancl^wTrlf; >7 500 tons, and employing 11,850 men, with a coSnSnTnum^ ' of clearances of the same measurement and crews. ^ ^ """" 1 he enrolled tonnage of this district in June, 1861 was -i Q±n t««» I'steam, and 692 tons of sail. •'""t^> ^ 001, was d,240 tons Tonnage. eard. — American I'OM. 6 steam. 56,421 17,490. .3^8 sail. 504 British ,i„ • -- 122 steam. * lo|2 saiLr 28^ J73^ 9,566 10,758 20,324. jitward.— American '• , .^ J»7 steam- 58,024 318 Jail. .^17,020 9,321 7,602 16,923 Jue of foreign goods " ' " 458,006 lueofpr.pertycl6aredat-Wlitei;aliforU,;-South:;;; 3,S , ^ 1; I ' fit 4 ^'^ fj ..ti*. ^i&m % This district, which is situate on the western side of Lake Chatn-i J)lain, over against that last described, including the peninsida at the ower end between the waters of tint lake and Lake George, with the thriving town of Whitehall and the Jbutlet by the Champlain canal, '^ * a, coast-line of equal extent, though^ less indented by bays, than opposite district of Vermont. |t has two principal harbors — Whitehall, situate on both sides oi Wood creeki at its entrance into tfie lake, in a beauitil'ul and roraanti site,' with considerable water power, through whiph passes the ve great majority of the whole export and impojt trade for Canada, aie which ♦is a singularly flourishing and improvmg village ; and Plattl burgh, near to me upper extremity of the lake, at the head of a fiu and spacious bay at the debouchure of the Saranac river, by which j is connected with the mineral and lumbering regions of the interior, aiK with the recesses of the Adirondack ,chain. The village is well laij put, and contains the United States barracks, and several prosperous manufactories on the river. This district has little or no back countnl •the mountains rising abrupt and precipitous from the very verge of tfe lake in many places, and leaving a narrow strip of shore only, withi few villages scattered along the road to Plattsburgh, ,beyond which a is howhng wilderness as far as to the valley of the Black river. Littl dependence can, therefore, be placed on the$e regions for agriciii tural producfe, although their forest and nlineral wealth compeivsates t some measure for the sterihty and ruggedness of then: soil. Plattsburgh is the prt of entry bf this district^ although Whitehall! the larger commercial ) depot. The only railijoajd which .touches ^ is that of Ogdensburg, crossing Missisquoi bay and the "narrows 1 the lake at Rouse's Point, and opening, at the town of OgdensburgJ perfect inland intercommunicgttion between the great lakes and tli Atlantic ocean, at Boston. It is on th(& water communications, the fore, afforded by the lake, th^t the po'pulation of tliis district for most part rely fpr the prosecution of their commercial enterprises j the transportation of their produce. There are five daily steamers running during the «eason fJrom -, m hail, touching at BurllBglon and Plattsburgh, for St, John,€aDa East, and for St AlbatfrVermont , !§: -^ The Canadian trade of this district during tfie years 1860 and 16 was as follows: , , '" . ,. I860. 1861. Exports of domestic produce ...:.- .... $392,378 $376,« foreign merchandise 316,843 878,'< Total exports 639,221 749,« * Total imports ......!......... 435,383 294,2 Total commerce, 4 , i;0l'4.604 l.b48^ ^ Docrease in 1861 ,.., %#i8" ' " . - ■ L " . \i ■^H* Boc. i^ 10R1 *"' ■ Tons entered. &: ' ?|f ^23,229 788 120,294 1^" Difference. . 190 No. Ton« cleitt^, : f98 123,229 754 116,^31 e^ The d ^^^ =^=r -i£? 6,29S ber oFemZTlnfo?'^ '^^^' ^®^^' " ^^ be observed '^T^ 4, ,' I Imports in American vessel, I Exports in Americk„;i^t-;; Canadian trade. ' " " ■ - •■■I- , • • •' ^, «l,019,03^ 24,246 X" Tonnaffe. , American,, steiafti.....;. goTor ,. Outward. '„ 98,571 ' 1' ♦• 'I '-^"'^■. ;•... iii;^, , [Britfsh, steam . . ' "^^IT" I ■ /""-«-;;-:: ^^ ^""^'Si •/•• 3,899 -'- — - 'o-... 20,759 _24,658 ' -* ■ ■ ~.- "" V 24,658 )uty collected Off 4mDort«,-,, A • i^o- T^'.'" Amencan vessels "o- . British vessel^. _ Total duty ■ I . \ "«• Bruwh vessels , '- . ■., ^ i ' ■*'■'""■■■;' Jmounkfmported'inbond Amount bf free goods ^-- ^■■' ■••■•• ^^- ' Total,* ^ * • • • . , •-• $46,639 6,210 . ••- ^l^s - «228,841 - 24,246 V .252,487.' • ^ 27,994 '■■-•• Nueofdomesticgoodsexportac^: '-•-«! ■ « ;!• »■■ > ^ ^«^54gi J^^igrTgoods e^ijorted. ,. . ^ f-^^ngoodsentiuedto^in^tt::::--.----...-.... i^^ ! . 'fc' ;. 'i -^ ^/, . :*r\"^"."' i78,468 ''t*^ «f- 66 I. . B^'^^Mi, Vi$^ ■V' i No. 3.— DiSTBICT OF OSWEGAICHIE. x^ Port Of entry, Ogdensburg; latitude 44° 41'; lo»f t^t^nf ^^' ' ^^^ ' ^J-xWLtel ^Kilfe, Waddington, Morrfstown, ^nd HwnmoncT, and it '^MSme the theatre of a v^ry large and ^--^^ Jjf ^^.^^^^^ ^, and coastwise, particularly since the opening of the Ogdensburg ^^ 'IfJ^ortant line was opened from Ogdensburg to^f^' I W^here it combines with the eastern and southeastern routes, m the au- ' ^ wmn of S ; aul from this point passengers and fre^t crossing^Lake ' CrmplaTn hive easy expedLn either to the New ^la^ ^^ates^^^^ • "i ^1 ^r. t« iMp«r York via Lake Champlain and the Hudson river, - Stte new h^^slf ail^^^^^^^^ vluey of the latter great thor- ■ nnahCe There being no Une of transportation whatever through °A"f dSictTrom the cLadas, except the^bove-mentio^^^^^^^^ previous to the opening of thkt way none of ryJ^d-J^^^^^^^^ ^^^ h Line moreover, a mere strip of ten miles' width between the river «S'and XAdirondack liighlands~the eflfect of this road has been ve?^^^eat on the general .Commercial prosperity, and particularly on SoTOisburi whiJ^h monopolizes the Canadian U-ansportauon CiHess, for the otL por^s; mentioned are merely "ve^arbors doing a^S coasting busiA^ss, Ud driving some «naU traffic with the> ■ LSrs acro/the water. % consequence of these advantages larg qSdes of freight find thei?W into th s port from all parU of h 2Xr lakes and of Canada. for%ansmiS8ion to various marts on th A^tic seaboard; and large amoXnts of merchandise, both foreign and dSc ^e%e distriUed though the difle^^^^^ lake porta, both of Canada and theUnit^ Stktes, frW New York and Boston. The following statistics wiffsfiow^e comnarative coasting trade of Ogdensburg in some of the prkcipal ancles during the P^/ ^^« //^l^^; I ^ results lor 1849 beihg mljtde up onV to the 1st of October of that year. * , " ' r. **•■ »>■ ■ : l>. •^^ •*r. -h. H. Doc. 130. ^Jnporta coatticue. 67 Articles. Flour hur-^i-*! Beef..:::;;: t' Sf-'" ■""•«*«- &:::■-■■-•*';«»*«• Tobkcc«.::::-iS" Sundry merch'dke, value: 1847. 1848. 1849. 3,800 865 1,800 1950, 1851. 300 275 2,500 18,000 3,500 10,000 10,000 320 l*„ ^'200 f8, 106, 450 158,600 453 , 2,612 2f758 37 300 '490 149, 310 31,934 10, 369 78 Xncladedinm 15 ' tl, 162, 668 375,009 1,291 2,887 6,034 -43 I0« 371 377,725 82,458 14,SJ87 .•rcoandise. f 45^, 978 }" if ( 1 The above statistics cleat- 1^ A^ ' ♦- sumption cS^ 1 "''^^ "^^^^^se of western nr^ f^"" ' "**'"' ^ ^^^w We., ».« a. fouX:'' """« "■" '-"o Period, of a few ,e«,,.^ „. <; ,f ^ H .it it < lit. Hi hm^^ The estimated ^alue of the imports and exports for the^years above named, is as follows : \ ', « . - 1847. — ) ■ — 184a 1849. 185». n - 1851. CoaBtwiae imports,.. ■■ Coastwise expoHa 1?ArAi f2, 463, 648 359,933 a05,815 .... ■••. .... f2, 424, 145 918,587 214,520 Foreign exports 6^8,648 / Total commenw..- 3,193,475 3,461,623 2,874,859 3,029,396 4, 175,900 The report of inward and outward bound vessels is as below, for the last two years: ^, > Years. 4t Number of entries. Tons. Men. ( Number of dearances. Tons. Men. 1851 1,002 669 351,427 242,780 19,538 12,464 973 655 359,287 242^ 19,341 1850... p 12,218 increase...... \, 333 108,647 »,03'4 318 U6,356 v. 7,123 N ■ ' From the" above figures it will be readily perceived, independent of the general increase <^<}ommerce in the district consequent on the open- ' ing of the riOroads, that the returns for the years previous to 1850 are in round numbers, and are probably very fer fi-oip accurate, while those for i860 and 1861 are in detail, and the merchandise is valued at a very low raf;e; so much sq, that if the vajuationjof assorted merchandise Nvere made according to the rates adopted in other districts, it would raise the gross amounjl: to a sum higher, by at least a million of dcJlars^ than that exhibited above. - The tonnage enrolled and hcensed in the district is 1,986 tons of steam, 676 tons of sail — em'ploying 126 men. The original cost ofthe' above tonnage was $:^08,300.' \- / t- J 1 Ik ' # . ^ # ■f ■ ■ * A' ■ - ^ t ■ 1 m ' • ^■1 ,r »/•» '.|; ^ t\ I it, £^^ r : 1^^ -1 ( %■' ': „ ■ U & , '■. 1 ■m; ■i -^ '. ' L)' t-i L 1 i .'".. i .,. i '^. I ,_:^-^- ,|1#°:., dx-:' .< >'i *r I *wP''. , Imports and exports in American vessels ^ $332,420 Do * do British vessels 500,747 Exported foreign goods entitled to drawback—- Jn American vessels - $74,367 ' Li British vessels - • 193,807 Odods not entitled to drawback. Domestic produce and manufactures In American ^ssels - 62,^9 In British vessels - 199,661 . , Total exports Imports paying duty — In American ygssels $18,305 In British vessels, 63,727 Qn the sea. 4^.... -w 9,425 produce i Free g( $268,174 96,4 2^ 366,598 252>0 5(> 618^648 Dntj colleetfld, $3,732 13,742 1,893 91,457 bond 115,286 7,775 19,367 imports , 214,5 18 No. 4. — ^District of Caps Vincent. Port of entry. Cape Vincent; latitude 44° 06', longitude 76° 81'; population in 1830, not defined; in 1 840, ,iiot defined; m 1860, 3,044. This district, commencing at Alexandria!, on the southwestern border of Oswegatbhie, extends about eleven miles southwesterly up the St Lawrence, to the outlet of Lake Ontario, and Black river bay, on which Sackett's Harbor is siljiated. tJape Vincent, owing to the sinuosities and irregularities of its shores, has a coast lineof nearly thirty-eight miles, and embraces the shipping ports of Cape Vincent, Clayton, ana Alexandiia, which are for the most part mere stopping-places for th^ lake steam- ers plying between Montreal, Ogdensburg, arid the ports of; Lake On- tario, which todch at these landing-places to procure wood, vegetables, milk, and x>ther necessaries. To this fact is owing the very considera- ble amount of tonnage entering and clearing firom these little ports^ though it is at once evident that no indication is thereby a^orded of tlie a ctual busin ess transacted in the dis trict^ ^ It has some small tr ade with ^ada4canried on principally LI skjfii acrSlf^the St.XawrCTice and anoong ^e thousand islands; but. if there be any coasting traffic at all, it id so slender that xio returns of it appear to have been, at any time, regularly kept Cape Vincent, the port of entry, is some twelve lo thirteen mifei from Kings main chann between se^ the channel •The imports ' The exports TotaJC Imports fioni Exports fi-ort Total Canatl Do ] The Canad of the followir Total c'anadii Do e enrolle Imports in An Exports, domes In American ve In British vessel Same outwaj Nc Port of entry, population »f tov which runs almo round Chaument at Stony Point,«a miles, following t ,p*.% lit. Doc. 181^' yj between seven and ei^ht miles flrrn<.rfi.r^- ? f *® , 9"« ^and, then jJbe channel on the AmSn dJ^toCat fe^^ ^^ ^ "^^ over .The unports from Canada, 1851 . . . . The exports tq Oanada, 1851 . . •-■.-•■•-•-•-. over 161,358 S3,188 Total Canailian commerce, 1851 — " -* • --•• 94,546 Imports Gkm Csmada, 1850. . *^xport8 from Canada, 1850. . . • o « « ■ • • Total Canadian commerce, 1850 J^o do do ]^65l'.y. Decrease.'. . «50,756 • • 69,284 120,040 94,546 25,494 of .11: M^t "ST" "'""" ^"'^ P'^"„„s to fl,e.e y.„, „„ Total Canadian commerce of 1849 . -"o do do 1848 --'-*- ^«90,484 Clearance«.i Tom. 439,930 329,545 110,385 Canadian Trade. Crew. 19,207 14,546 Ijnports in American vessels. . . ggl l/^« :. ' tiXports, domesfip n*«,i j * ' -/ • •»oi,JoS Jufy *j ojn te.. Exports, domestic pf^duce and mmlk^^rlf^ '^""y* ^^'^''^ W ^ '""^^^ $32,389 JP* ^ onnage inteard. In American vessels, 696 sail in ^ritish vessels, 53 sail 427,457 bameoutward. '. V--- 12,473 No. 5.~DisTBicT OF Sackett's Harbob. ^ ig^^^ o'^i^'"'^ ^30 55^ longitude 75o 57. -le3,4owin,thesinuosifci-^^,^^^ .,;, v-„ rh ■^ } ^h I %\ ti^ s ^f"- - ■ X' ♦ ' \\ ".■, ■ ,) • '" J • • ,■ ^, . _ - ^'■■' ■ H -,-. n , ; t \ _. ■,.. in: 1 ft - ■•: ^ ■ ^''i .^ ■* - - ' " c : 1 1 * , ■. ^^ ■''" ■> ''^ li MHH| MH||i| nil HMMMM |gg||_l_|^_^^^ it :' 1 ■ ■ ^M ^H ^ ^^^^^^1 ^^^^^^^^^^1 ■wi^jpr ""'^ '-■■■7 ,*k :. \ ■ ■■ '. '' ■ " ■,-■■ : ■ , ;. i * ♦ ii' \ '■ " .*■ ■; ■• ^ ( r - ' , * ' . _, ' r *v II " , . , '_ ,\ m v . -. ' 'l lllllll^ ii ■ ■ ■1 "■ ^^^^^^^H ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H '.'-■■ > ■ HH HMHHI -, l\ . ■ 1 ;'-.":-V^ ';'".'■•■:■':■'■''•■:"- . ' '• - - .'w-' ■'"/'.._ ■ '. "v .■*'*"".. :" . : '■; -: . ■ " . ■■' ■■ ; ■ - ! . ■ "■ . " ff ■ . ' - " -// f \ ■■■•■ ' . .' ' ^* ■ ' r ■; ^ - „ ' 4.- • -• - ■- ■ 1 ■■ r^ — . — -• — — — ™ — -H- — -»-4 — , rt ^ , * B ' '^ t!. ( i' .«* lA^GE EVAUJATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) W I.I i^^ |25 US 12.2 Hi UO IL25 il.4 III 1.6 Hjulugi'di[i]jc ^Sdeices Corporatfon .:-^--v - as WttT MAIN STMIT \WI1STW.N.Y. )4SM (716)t7a-4|03 ^ ^% •S^'i '>^« r^^ f -'/ 'v7 r' , t , ^ te-*>' . f 1 .-> I J. '•'■£H^^ ■' 72 H. Doc. 136. shores. It Includes the shipping places of Three-lMile bay^ Chaument bay, Point Peninsula, Dexter, Pickett's Harbor, and Henderson. Sackett's Harbor, the principal comntiercial place and port of entry of the district, is situated on the southwest side of a deep -inlet known as Black River bay, .at about eight miles distance from the lake. Ita bay and harbor are well situated for shelter and defence. .The harbor is by far the b^t on Lake Ontario for ship-building, and as a nayal and commerciifl depot. A crescent of land stretches off from the lower part of the viilage, forming an inner and outer harbor. The latter has a depth of water sufficjgpt lor the largest ships-of-war within two fathoms of the shore. The same depth of water extends to Black river, where there is another excellent position for ship-building. . The first settlement ot' this place was made in 1801 ; it aflvaficed little until the commencement of the last English war,, when it jpecmme a considerable naval and military depot; but, since the prt^ni^lgation of peace in 1814, it has made httlc comparative imprbvcm^t,; other points possessing superior advantages of position as regards artificial routes, by railroads and canals, having diverted from "it a portion of its business, although it still maintains its commercial character. The ad- jacent country is a fine agricultural region, and its abundant water- power renders it well adapted to the growth of manufacturing enter- prise, while Watertown, a few miles inland, is a flourishing town, well situated on the Black river. Still, in spite of*these advantages, the commerce of Sackett's Harbor has been on the decline for some years ; whether on account of the exhaustion of lunt^ber resources, or the diver- sion of supplies for the inland home consumption, and of agricultural produce for export, from the " coast trade to canal and railroad transt portation, does not sufficiently appear. At all events, the declared, value of the commerce of the district has materially declined, as will' be seen from the following table, since 1846. The other small towns, mentioned above, are used to a trifling extent as landing-places for iifiported merchandise, and for shipment of pro- duce, by the surrounding inhabitants, to the extent of their own wants and conveniences, but not in such amounts as to render them worthy of any notice as commercial depots. Coastwise imports Foreign imports Coastwise exports Foreign exports Total ^ Declared values for 1846. $1,550,909 1<851 1,106,986 75,345 A7g5,fl91 Declared values for lci47. Declared values for 1851. $1,257,823 3,891 841,478 38,253 $497,809 % 66,118 303,258 ' 21,980 2^141.445 ^, 879,165 Some ffitUKTof the above deterioration may be, perhaps, ascribed to a discrepancy in the valuation of articles ; but it is hardly probable that •the result, as a whole, can be «j^tributed to such a ^ause; nor is it \ V ». Bdc. 136. ^3 jec^sary to- 8** fe- for reasons smr.*. ♦», • ' ^' ■ ;eaches us that the places^S JSslt: S^"'"'' of every day transmission ajrf transportation of producenn^T ^^^^^est^ facUities of .ae. ^d ta.e at ^«vanta.rre"^rS*;:^^^^^^^^ ^a^':tS^^SekS1fa;K^^.^^^^^ -<^ Oswe^ boa«twise traffic; while it ira^ceJ^ain l?"^ ^°^r" {^ P'^^^"" ^^ «« Woduco which formferly sought a m^Tetv.^ T"^ f '^''' Agricultural Ue ultimate destination inCl vTa^tn J }^ •^^^'' "°^ «^«-^ks the Such are the revolutions irT ^"*^ railroad, brogress of tlie times; the risult'bSLT'.l ''''"'?" '■"^' ^^ «"cJ> the lent to be stationary, and do not eSv,r ^,^«?|^ P^'^c^s which are con- lient, enterprise, and Energy of the time« ^^''P.^P ^^^^'^ ^^^ "^ove- U any natural adva^tages^i^J^ to ttm ? i "^"^^^ ^etrobrade; nor berity and success.^ ^ ^'^ *^'^" ^ ^ong monopoly of pros- j The following taofe wilfbo o «; • Uation of the%hanges aUuded to^"/ '"^ ^^"^'^3' some idea as to the fffected thereby:, ^ ^"^ ^"^ '^^'^^e, and the class of articles Artideg. Lumber. Staves . . Shingles Vshes . \ h)rk : . A 1847. -thousand feet. • thousand . . ...do ; • barrels pats. . . sarley. lorn . . • do. 1851. • bushels . . -.do.... -do. ■„„ ji do.. [eas and beans j^ Potatoes.. J '*■ flour u' *Vi"' barrels. ' -w .do. . . pdianmeal ,\" •utter "" „ , heese. --.pounds..., )ooi....: ■ f I„- -^ do... pgu-on _ eather... Jiestic spirits ^- ^Woollens .' ^0. cottons . . . tons pounds ga ll ons. 4,406 919 371 420 339 37,583 80,678 41,624 • 4,926 3,553 1,860 788 4,141 850,000 9,706 64,800 2,021 17,600 •^ .". .yards y^rds Total estimated value 86,240" 66,250 334,000 2,896 25 67 366 145 34,068 62,895 42,581 6,402 7,173 970 169 161,600 1,344 11,400 732 1.600 ' *»' *.'■ 'f 9a ■■l ■ 'i .' \p^ ?'. ' ■■ /fit ■r ... . , .1- ( I ji 1 l\^ 74 H. Doc. ISe. For the same yeaw the importatiotis of some few articles of coast. wiL trade were as foUows; md beyond this there is no more to be | Zed concrrning this district, unless it be to point out that m mi t^e exerts to Canada consisted of barley, oats, corn, VegetiU^b, -cheeseCchhiery, and manufactures; whife in 1860 and 1861, floj wS'aXege^bles were imported from that country, together w.J Sals The Canadian trade has augmented somewhat, while tkj coasting trade has decreased. Coastwise Importatiotis. Fruit...., barrels... Salt.....-^: do...., Flour ;• uT* Wheat.... bushels. .. bales ;;;''/.;;.''. do Gypsum do CoaK do.. i^es pounds Cotton Wool. '<. 1,369 11,984 1,166 16,266 361 231 430 340 26,160 1,501 li 37,89» I* ^^^1,25« 33,9«« The steam tonnage enrolled in the J^k; June 30, 1851, tons, and sail tonnage 6,768. '^^^ was; Yean. 1861 . . . 1860 . . . Difference. Entrie*. 684 737 Toni. 348,438 328,126 68 Crewi. 14,706 13,624 20,312 1,082 Clearan- ce!. Tans. 679 761 72 347,394 332,433 14,961 Canadian Trade in 1861. Imports — American vessels $56,118 ; duty, $16 Exports — American vessels $21,980 rancea and Clea rORKlOir tKA t«. H 14,8 33 13,61 51 « H. Doc. J3^^^i?f^ 7^ tra^e, and aearances, Dutrict t^Sacke^^xriat, Nc^, Tori, durinsr the uear ^Rlil '. ' o the year 1861^ No. reatela. lORBIOir tUAM. h . ■ ■ itered— American vessels . British do... [leared — American vessels. British do... Tom. h MeOv Boys. TnraiERADx. sred—Nunster of vessels . jred— ..do .do.... 200 163,816 66 6,836 31 2,994 00 193 207 1^2^760 91 6,834 31 ±994 00 193 463 181,626 61 6,982 441 181,639 46 6,036 849 340 347 347 No. 6. — District OF Oswego. « Port of entry, Osv^eeo; latitude 43° 25', lonriturlf. 7fio i-y* T '." JS?' 2.70^ -*840, 4.665; in 1850 ?2 205 ' ^^ fess^^s^ ^SSS W^-^ reat busiiess marts of the S wS ""po^tance among the «.ndly. a^hX^ich^uid if a '^«r^''^^ ""I* O^ensburg; «dy siure and accessihirm til ^ ^"'P*'"'^ ^^ rendered per- hter; an? Sv Tnir ' f "^"^'* P"">^ °» ^^« ^^^s to tide! » . ' •? W r 76 H. Uoc. 136. The city of Oswego, port of entrt, and capital of Oswego couni: New York, lies 160 rtiQes WNW^ of Albany, 373 from Washington ; \v,i incorporated in 1828 ; and is situate on both sides of the Oswego rivtr copnected by a bridge 700 feet long. It extends to the lake shoro. The harbor, next to thatof Sackett's Harbor, is the best on the south side of Lake Ontario. It is formed by a pier or mole of wood, fil with stone, 1,269 feet long on the west side of the harbor, and ^ feet on the east side, with an entrance between them. The Mai within the pier has a depth of from 12 to 20 feet. The cost of this w was $93,000. It is among the earliest improvements of lake har! undertaken by the government, having been commenced in 1827. The protection anticipated from these works has not fallen sliort what was expected; but the piers, being built of cribs of timber, fi with stone, began to decay so early as 1833; Some steps were t;i in the year 1837 to replace the old work with permanent structure masonry, but these were soon discontiniied, and what remains is rapii going to ruin, with the exception of 600 feet of the west pier, whict well built of stone and is in good condition. It is calculated that for the moderate sum of $207,371 these \vo can be secured and improved in the following manner, so as to nm the harbor perfectly secure and of easy access to the largest clas, vessels in use on the lakes : * 1. By rebuilding the whole pier-line in substantial solid masonry. 2. By enlarging and strengthening the west, or hght-house, pier-li and defending it by a five-gun battery. 3. By removing the gravel and dcposites within the piers, which become a barrier to the entrance of the inner and outer harbors, an original deposite by the litt(yral currents of the lake, not cmiscd or creased hy the piers. Once removed, it can never return while the stand. The principal harbor-light is on the pier-head on th« west side of entrance. The tonnage of the port in 1840 was 8,346 tons; byw paring which with the present tonnage, as given below, the general crease of the port will oe readily seen. The population of the town is about 13,000 persons. The Oswego canal, formed principally by improvement of the nai course of the rivef, passes through the greaj salt districts of the S at Salina and Liverpool, to Syracuse, where»it connects with the ' canal from Albany to Buffalo. Oswego is, therefore, the great ( for the western exportation of domestic salt. The Syracuse and wego rail>vay connects the city with Syracuse, and thence with Alb Buffalo, New York, and Boston. It is distant from Rochester, by 1 65 miles, and from Sackett's Harbor 40 miles. The rapid incrca* thfe commerce of Oswego is aptly illustrated by the following tal exhibiting the traffic in some of^the leading articles of indportation lake during three years j ■ ~- — - — - and beans. . . [he annexed figur fcles were receivci H. Doc. 13«. 77 ArtteleA 1849. ^^ barrels }^^^ bushels (( pey «« ............. <' ■............_ " and beans. ... " barrels fi-. ........... «< les. , u ^ber feet 1850. 1851. 317,758 3,615,677 383,230 65,286 31,426 133,697 24i012 35,098 20,375 '10,872 51,101,432 302,577 3,847,384 426,121^ 120,652 - 86,439 113,463 25,068 6,789 11,435 67,586,985 389,929 4,231,899 1,251,500 , 194,858 V 106,518 175,984 63,634 27,950 15,854 4,479 83,823,417 [he annexed figures will show what portions of some nf^h. u [les were receded from Canada duriS^ the same pTrioS: ^^'^' Articles. 1849. Ir barrels pt bushels " Jtoes " jber feet M barrels pr pounds ........ «» 198,623 623,920 16,044 55,700 16,322 6,648 44,137,287 2,235 115,759 97,141 1850. 1851. . 260,874 1,094,444 7,499 90,156 22,380 10,372 50,685,682 1,580 225,087 77,941 259,875 670,202 53,950 78,771 60,335 11,496 62,527,843 584 75,000 82,908 U^els of Lur, .hW^wW^ t^td^dT^^^^^ ling that of the remaininp 2 5'^'^ r,ftfi i ^^ ^'^"/^ 888,131 barrels,^ " "_!°°^°°:^'^"'--r°'''h i' district iBe^,ir,2:i°W i^^'X ts paying duty; . . tsboiuledand free. .' S435,l6p ^ '---.^vi.. 1,349,269 Total fqreign, imports. 1,784,412 ^ m ■ ' >": I' ■ 34' >! 'I - V, . . i-i:^?:, 62o 148,300 2,727 2,500 7,500 6,616 603 150 595 1,014 144 16,495 100,581 111,873 S""^ '"'■pontine ..... .barrels.' rch boxes. • pounds. 97,125 ' 650 1,350 550 196,286 $70,752 13,125 1,668 10,908 2,000 3,750 8,317 15,075 12,0Q0 8,925 20,280 1,296 3,409 12,189 10 , 069 11,666 26,100 20,260 2,200 n,7l7 • •••■f^ f •■.VI ^•' .5 1 ,t.f. 82 I •■: H. Doc. 186. ^ \' Export*, coastwise, /ram the District of gsmgo-^onlinued. ^"IStkle: Quantity. Furniture - »" ; * '" ' Pianos - number. Wagons and -carriages do . . . Tobacco : - - -• ^^^^ ■ Snuff. .- -J^»- Ground gypsum. . -.^ • barrels . Water lime <|"- • ■ Salt - 'I""' Leather pounds. Bpots and shoes . . - - - • Hals - - - - ■ • • Drugs, &c *« Glass, glass-ware, and earthenware. iRailroad iron tons . Bar and other iron '.--- -do- - Pig and scrap iron do. . Steel pounds. Nails and spikes : \.do . . . Stoves and. castings -\\^^^- Hardware VC> • - Tin .........b^fe^ Sugaf^. . - pounds. Mwasses — ; "Pga chests . Coffee ... ..--.. pounds. Cod .'. .......'....,.. -tons. Books and paper - - '- Sundries. — - , j» - ....--• — 43 98 ' 860 475 6,498 I 16,101 370,601 160^00 Total. 43,429 3,117 1,267 416,400 3,693,631 i,^6 1,040 9,961,000 ■» 1,440^ 3,360,799 3,213 J^ Value. $.29,250 gr,900| '13,3C» 34,00(1 ^ 1,900! ^ 4,Sli 16,101 . 328,941 3O,00(j 30,OUi) 16,0W 16,00\ I 147,13} l,737,l(il| ■ 249,36() 37,99: 62,311 143,74j 11,0S« 1G,30« 1 6,300| 677,2/i| 98,11 43,21 338,0S( 16,0 18,.)0I| 7,073,52i 11,471,0:J No. 7. — District of Genbsbb. Port ofv^atry, Rochester; latitude 43° 08', longitude 77° 61' ; pop^ ulauon inl830, 9,207 ; in 1840, 20,191 ; in 1860, 36,403. H TSie Genesee district has a very limited commerce except r- Canada; with eighty mUes of coast it has but on6 shipping rIi which is situated at the mouth of the Genesee river, at a distail- -rfwot three miles from Rochester city. The passM^e of the t^rie c and a parallel line of raihoad through the entire length ot the disti but a few miles distant from the coast, offei-mg better facihties lor I tranjjtoortation of Jiassengers and merchandise, whether eastward! westward, than the lake can afford, confines the commerce of the r" entirely to Canadiairtrade. Rochester is well situatereSer /aSTf^ It ocdupies both siHp« nr t».« • rt'^". "J^ 1.502 ind/viduals. in 1830 t h/7''' °"^ '^^^l' ^ Population in Ifion r , and in 1850 Jo 30.4^^^ Tii^ TT'^ »« 9.269^, in 840^ 20 J'gf ' , rated in 1817. It wnL tt J j " ^^^ ^^^^ out as a/villa»r*> J„^- '^^^» / ' occonvnn r ^#'^^redasacitvin1S^rLi.c^ '.*^^*ncDrpo- Exports " ' * * , , _ ' •^. If-:- .1 'M .'{• Total.-. 1850. Imports Exports .*• .• • I In 1861. 1850. Increase . . "m t . , £49,040 913,654 •_^62^ a ■ «96,283 326,89a _i2ia82 «962,694 422,18» :!-!!:[!!r!!^-<^e„^^^ Tm^. ^*^- 11 Clearttoet. , *•'•■ Toiu. 1851 lf«nu 7,997 ^'^ 212,794! 7 997 Exported to Canada. 1 British v^els, foreign .. ^ ''". ^ ■ MM::m^-.m, '^^■s^i&-£^-^. -^z ■mm i I ■*- .■ .?< Vivv.si I -^ .r^ m HH B; BB »i H|| % ' ' w I'l ! " ,1^ 1 ri i ,'H 84 H. Doc. 136. ImporteeL/rom Canada. In American vessels ,. ^^,456 la British vessels ^. ^^'^^^ 49,040 Duty collected. $1,765 8,773 10,63S No; 8.— District' op Niagara. pop- Port ot entry, Lewistbn; laUtude 43« 09', longitude 7is« i^°« ;« iftqo 1^28- in 1840, 2,633; in 1850, 2,92% "^Sltric^'embfa^ aU the lake'coast of Ontario, from the Oak OrSd creStoTe mouth of the Nia.^a, and thence JP^th^t "ver to S fX on the American side, and incWs the ports of Oak Orchard Creek Olcott, and Wilson, on the lake shore, Lewiston and Youngstmvn ^n the riverand an office of customs at the suspension bridge which crosses the Niagara, at three miles' distance below the alls. There is a^ry considerable trade from Buffalo passing through tins district to Canada, across the suspension bridge; especiaUy m the Ser seLon, at wiiich time it is by'^far the better route, on account ot SSoad communication from the Ms, which were, m former years. ijenerally considered as the head of navigation. ^ At that time the trade of the Niagara district was of the greatest im- portance; but since art and science have opened new channels ot coir. Sunicati^n on either side of that great natural obstacle, the field ot commercial operations has been narrowed down to the supply of the local wants of the circumjacent country. ^, . „. „.cii ., Lewiston, the port of entry and principal place of business, as well o> the largest town ot the district, is situated on the east side ot the Niagara .river, seven mUes above its mouth, opposite to Queenstown, Canada, •with which it is connected by a ferry. It has a population olabour | 3,060 persons, and communicates y^ith Buffalo ^ndLockport by rail- ways, and with Hamilton, Toronto, Oswego, stnd Ogdensl)urg, during Ihe summer season, by daily steamers. It caxries on some valuable traffic with Canada. , . . u The district is, as yet, rather barren of internal improvements, haying .for their object the connecting the circumjacent regions with the lake j and river; for there is but one railway passmg through it, which has Buffido and Lockport for its .respective termmi. One or two other 'roads, however, are in process of construction, designed to connect Rochester and Canandalgua with the great western railway through Canada, as it is intended, by means of a second suspension bridge across the 'Niagara, near Lewiston. , — It », ho wever, artiuestion witfa^ many m in ds wh ether i t wi ll ^ W siUe to construct a bridge upon this principle sufficiently steady and firm tb admit of the passage of a locomotive \vith a heavy train. MA be this as it may, there wOl be no difficulty, it is probable, m making ithe transit in single cars, by horse-power. It seems somewhat remark- table that, while &" success of railroad communication by means ot sm H. Doc. 136. Q^ near th/mouth of the ChippeSfa creeT whfch ''"ff k^"^°J? ^'^^ "^e; would imagine, by means of stone S Id Ln°"^^ ^^ ^.^^"^^^' «ne nsk or diiBculty. siiould the Susp?nsion^Inn T 'P^'' "^"^""^ g^^^t ^^^le. It IS probable that the iron tuC^brfd^'iT'^'''' P^^ve unfea- estabhshed m .Great Britain on the Conwav f^^^^^^^^ '° triumphtoUy be adopted, ^o that it may be ahnost 31^1'^'' ^^^^"«' ^'^^^«' ^fi agara district will very short! v ]ZZ1 '^^'^^^^n^ predicted that the Ni- ea^tern and western 7h:rou^t,'':^t:ni '^l'"''' 1 " ^^^^^^t cjaj commerce overL^d. afd n^^^ ^^e:^^^ ^^J^^ sumpS wiTanl,r^^^^^ ^f' Ontario, destined for con- around the falls of tfc NWa ^^Z'^"'" Lewiston across the portage cellent hnrUr.. o. t _ -..^^^^'^?-ia"e noble river if^^ir « '^ X^ «Z;ir *''• '' '» - P-'^^'-'^otTist^e'll'S^^^ - -"™ "f ■»= com„,eree of U.s dis^ic. prove i. .„ be as ^oUows- • .* .■ '- I, ' . . • . ', ,«l s ,1.' ' Total imports. 8103,985 236,684 -* « • ^ ,, 4 7 Exports to Canada, foreiirn domestic produce, coastwise Total exports. . . Grand total J40^ $340,669 $150,023 426,023 433,634 1,019,418 Total foreign commerce Total coastwise commerce ! 1,019,418 1,360,087 1689,769 670,318 lotal commerce of the cUstrict * 1,360,087 ^,. "W .A lint ae H. Doc. 136. \ The tonnage employed in this district for the following years, was: Tears. EntnmceB. "-^ — ~ Tom. Men. ClearanceB. Tom. Men. 1861...- 1850... 990 903 427,968 358,048 21,188 16,960 990 903 427,968 358,048 21,188 16,950 Increase 87 69,920 4,238 87 69,920 4,238 The enrolled and licensed tonnage of this district for 1851, was: Steam •" 100 tons. Sail 505 « Total tonnage. 605 « The increase in thiS district will be seen by a glance at the follow- ang tables : "^ Enrolled shipping for the year 1838 119 tons. ,. « 1843 112 " « 1848 730 " (( (t (( tt it (( « t( « «« 1861. .606 The foreign commerce for the yeftrs 1847, 1850, and 1851, compare as folbws : ^ / 1847. -S^ 1850. Exports, domestic > ^^^^^^^ ^^f.'TA " foreign > 65,464 Imports from Canada 18,016 363,964 1851. $426,761 169,023 103,985 184,566 679,492 689,767 Canadian trade in 1851. Imports. Duty coUefifi | In American vessels $42,116 $7,854 In British vessels 61,870 12,102 103,986 19,957 Exports — ■/bfeign goods. Entitled to drawback. Not entitled to drawbwL | TT A^mCTTcan ve88eTs7:T7r:77777. . $24,722 $32,052^ In British vessels 75,242 28,007 99,964 60,069 American ste *v ■■r?y H. Doc. 136. Export*— dmestic produce and manufacture. In American vessels . In British vessels. . . 87 S212,924 213,837 426,761 Total exports and imports in American vessels. ftqi i qiq Total exports and imports in British vessels '.!!".".''/.; 378,956 690,769 Statement oj men and tonnage employed in the Canadian trade with this district. American steamboats o aro w. «, „„•! , -tf,yus men. sail vessels ^ gg a Total Americans in foreign trade. .3,034 " Foreign steam vessels .^9^9 men. sail vessels 130 n 424 boys. 1 boy. 425 « Total in foreign vessels 9,339 « Statement of crews on, hoard coasting vessels. 491 boys. 54 " 545 " No. entries. ■Steam vessels 2g2 ^ail vessels ]] 19 Tons. 203,120 1,695 Men. 6,930 80 Total. 301 204,815 7,010 Boys. 818 17 835 No. 9.— DisTKicT OP Buffalo Creek. f»ort of entry, Buffalo; latitude 42° 53', loncritude 78° S-S'- nnn„1o tion in 1830, 8,668; in 1840, 18,213; in 18^261! ' P^^"^"" ing at'thttelt f^li: oHh ^ n'"' ^""-^^^ '^^^^^ ^ ^^^"^ <^o"-^enc- S aSd wes^S Lk ^''^T "''^''' ""^ ^^^"^« ^^tends south- and rK tit \^^^'^'''^ ^^^ "^'^ °^ Schlosser, Tonawanda, ri« P • ^^..°" ^^^ "'^^'' ^^^»' «n Buffido Creek, at the foot of haf^r S «nd Cattaraugus Creek Silver Creek. Dunki;k, Van Wn Plnn'^lvanfa. ^^^^^«^^ and the eastern S^ate iSe of ^disl^rfctTn'L^Sd^^^^^^ "''"^''- ^''^'' ^'^"^ ^^^^ «f «"y oth^r l«ke SS v^uP nf til Tu '' T"""'l"^ *^ "^"^'7 ««'^^'"'-d of the whole •. a ;■.(•;>■,. i.i(| .^« < » 'I w « It .* * ♦/-! 88 H, Doc. ]36< m^^ !*,;* in the sinde year 1851, of -619,087,832. This increase may party be attributed to the opening, in May, 1851, of a- new avenue of trade to one point of the district, In that noble work, the New York and Erie raih-oad. The commencement of operations on this route necessarily increased the competition for the "trade of the lakes;" and, while aa excellent share of business has fallen to the lot of the new enterprise, it would appear that the old-established hnes have been gamers rather than losers by its opening. Within the boundaries of this district, and, in some sdrt, ail serving as the feeders and receivers of its lake commerce, are the terminations of the following great avenues to the seaboard : the Albany and Buffalo raU^vray, the New York City and Buffalo railway, the New York City, Cornin «w«1» P»«"«geof the \3f&iiife'u-3 lake garariuis 88,SSE.j from Cleveland »03, ENE.i from W-n::i -« l.r>;' , ,, < ' ■■ S » J '■;. ■.,'■ ■•'•■( f' '' ' i 90 [.Doc. 136. u^ T»«t,«;t oon r hv N • from Mackinaw 627, SE.j from Green Bay 80r4l ^omfc East, 427, SW.; and from Wash- "" tS hL£r of Buffalo is constituted by the mouth of Buffalo creek, which has twelve to fourteen f^et of^ater for the distance ot a mile from its mouth, with an average width of two hundred teet; and is pro- tectedbv a fine, substantial stone pier and sea-wall jutting out mto the lake at the end of which there is a handsome hght-house twenty ieet in diameter, by forty-six feet in height j there is, however, a bar at the mouth preventing the access of any vessels drawing above ten feet of water A ship-^anal seven hundred yaxds long, eighty feet wide, and thirteen deep, lias been constructed into the place as a hirther accom- modation for vessels and for their security when the ice is runnmg; yet the harbor, which is perfectly easy ol access m all weathers, is v«ry far from being adequate to the commerce of the place, and is often so much obstructed by small craft and canal-boats, especially when torced in suddenly by stress of weather, that in^ess or egress is a matter not easily or rapidly effected. The extension of the Erie canal a mUe to the eastward of its original terminus, and the construction of side-cuts into it for the refoge of boats, will do something to relieve this pressure; and much has been effected by the enterprise of the city authonUes, who have afready expended large sums in the excavation of ship-canals inside the sea-wall, on which warehouses for the storing of goods and facihtatm«r the transhipment of merchandise are in progress ol erection. Two very large canal basins axe also in progress, under the auspices of the State, for the better and safer accommodation of canal-boats, This will tend to attract them from the main harbor, and will materiallj increase its capacity for lake shipping. One of the above named basins is beinff constructed pear the mouth of the harbor, and the other some- thmg more than a mUe distant, easterly. The two, being in the immf. diate vicinity of the creek and communicatmg with it, and also with each other by canal, will afford ample facilities for transhipment to both sides of the city. j r i , More than this, however, is required, to meet the demands ot the large 4nd daiWincreasing commerce of the place, and it is contempla- ted to bpen iAew channel from the lake to the creek, at above a mile's distancVfrCfm its mouth, across the isthmus, which is not above t\vo hundred and fifty yards in width; and this iinprovement, with the erection of a new breakwater, would render it sufficiently capacious lor the computed increase of shipping for many years to come. Buffalo is a handsome and well built city, with streets, for the innjt §art, rectangular and rectilinear, and many handsome buildings. It li le terminus of that stupendous State work, the Erie canal; ot three lines of railway connecting it directly with New York ; and of one com- municating, through Albany, with both the cities of New York and B(»- ton. It is also the eastern terminus of the Buffalo and State Line rai- lway, which Is destined to extend westward, by meimS of the shore railways, to Toledo, Detroit, and Chicago. A railroad is ak projected hence to Brantford, in Canada West, which will open to tkl city the whole trade of the rich agricultural valley of the Grand riverl with the adjacent lumbering districts, and is destined to connect witll H. Doc. isi: m ^Jie great western road, and thence, via Detroit xvi'fli nil tl,o w . \ by Lake Huron with the mineral regions of Tl'tlQ • ^.f'^ ^"<^ [diy-dock of sufficient capacity tbSraltPni! ^?P^"°^- ?*^« « (tons burde.,, ax,d three LnLd;^7twenTfS^l^r'v^^^^^ Irine railway to facUitate the haul n., T.Tr^^I ^-^ ^*^ ^ "^a- [There is als^ near the saL sL^yaiSfn wLT^^ ''P^™ of vessels, (large derrick for the handling^^^oierl a^^^^ ^'^ *\^-^ ^°""^' ^ (short, it appears that this city if resolved t„ kpl fi i7 'P^^^^n^'y- In progress Jthe times, and n^t'oToS s^nw'hfcK^^^ ^f ^^ fer held. 1^ lead IX LouM and v.T' "^f .^^T? ^^"' ^^ thus (commercial returns of BuSllfuIrthl^tl,^'' ^f " commerce, the and as the histonr of her cor^Pr^iJ ^^""-^'^ T'* °*^^^ P«rts; history of the rise^andaX^'e^r^fPK^^^ ^'"^^ ^''' *^"" *^« Jno apology will be necessi^Sf^ . • **^^ commerce west of it, I This commerce datp<» itQ jir.t„oi «^ aeiaus, at this tune. he year in which tClZ ZtSSi^ZZ^ *^^ ^^" ^^^^' he waters of Lake Erie with thp AtW ^T^' 1° f^ to connect ehich navigated those tJ^dl^vSU St m^"^ '^" ^'' ■''''^' hat date. The first Americ^ vP«T?f ^"?^V ^^^^^^ ^^erior to of Lake Erie was the sch^ner^?rj^^^^^^ ^^^ waters Uvania, in 1797. The £'111^5^^ Y^ """" ^"^' ''''^^^^' Back Rock, in 1818. I^ l8o?7!L ^1 ^"^^ 7^ constructed at of all the lakes above the Fdl of C'' '^' ^^^ l.^'^^"^^^ tonnage of 772 tons, and S sa lb/ cmftl^f f#^^^^ ''''"''''f ^ ^^ ''^^^^ «teame?s ^team and sail tonnage tfeS^f thi ^roftuS':;?^^ l%r' °' lU 1835 *^'^l'^^ increased to 16.300 In 1841 «« Li 1846 " In 1851 " 1835 to 1841.' 13J 1841 to 1846, 12 1846 to 1861, 14 buatldt'S^h^^^^^^^^^^ ityet gives no ade- phich the last quarter d" a renf n^T ^^"'^^^^^ pY « ? ^r the changes todels of vessel^adllngt^^^^^ JT^' ^ ^5^ construction a^nd furden. together with tELvPmpn^i^r^'^' T^^ ^^ capacity for Charging ctrgoes.-haviirrSrU'^^l^^^^ tonnage more than MfolT Trwt!w ♦ ^ amount of If the commerce ^BuffiUo diin Jthe n ''L'T" '^" '^^ ^augmentation K .a .0^ u.e/s^; .^i e^r— SL5T a4> ti (I 30.602 65,181 90,000 153.426 (( V < > 't ' I I > ( ^ "• ♦- > .> 'I i iil * n H. Doc 186. a single carco, during which time the vessel would, on an average, lose oneor two?air\inls; whereas the largest f «-g«-/ ,«^f .^ ^^^% discharged by steam, in fewer hours, than m days at that time. Cm; stumers now require but twelve hours to make trips for whicli three days were then, at the least, necessary. UnttT the year 1836 the trade consisted prmcipajy of exports (rf merchandise to the West. During that year, however, Ohio commenced Sporting breadstuffs, ashes, and wool, to some extent. The following mble exhibits the quantities of several leadmg^icles of westerp pro duce, during the various periods from 1835 to 1S51 : Articles shipped eastward from Bvffalo by canal Articles. C" Flour bftirela... Wheat bushels.. Corn do Provisions . . . barrels . . Ashes do — Btaves No.. Wool pounds.. Butter ^ Cheese > do.... Lard ) 1835. 86,233 95,071 14,579 6,502 4,419 2,565,272 140,911 1^)30,632 1840. 633,790 881,192 47,885 25,070 7,008 22,410,660 107,794 3,432,687 1845. 717,406 1,354,990 33,069 68,000 34,602 88,296,431 2,957,007 1850. ■ 984,430 3,304,647 2,608,967 146,836 17,504 159,479,504 8,805,817 6,597,007 , 17,534,981 1851. 1,106,38 3,fir)8,(K6i . 5,78D,Kti^; mM ' 25.5^t 75,927,63 7,857,901 ii,ifl2,!a|; The figures above are taken from the canal returns for the several years, and of course do not embrace the whole unports of the lake^ but are given as the best attainable standards of the increase of Me commerce, up to the date when the statistics of that commerce begaa to be kept in a manner on which reliance might be reposed. The table next ensuing \vill give a fuller and more satisfactory idea of the actual increase of the trade, as well as of the various kinds « articles received at Buffalo, during a series of consecutive years, li this table aU packages of the same article are reduced to a unitora size; and for this reason, probably, some articles will be found to vaij in quantity, for the year 1851, from the figures contamwl in the repot made up at the coUector's office, and furnished by Mr. Wm. Ketchum the collector, showing the receipts at Buffalo, Dunkurk, and Tonawand^ by lake, together with their tonnage, their value at each poln^ andthei aggregate tor all the points combmed. The following table was made up from day to day, durmg the severi seasons, and wUl be found substantially correct By reference to the official tables, following this report, some details will be found yeji curious, knd interesting at this juncture, for reasons which will be adduced hereafter: crease on 1-861 H. Doc. 136. 93 Artiolea. inour barrels. iPork do... iBeef. ^..do... [Baoon ;poiuid8. Ifieeda barrels. iLamber feet. IWool bales. P^^ barrels. ■Hides j^Q 1^^ pigs.. ^ !Jn>n. tons.. -^ ••-T do... lemp.. bales.. !»««*■• bushlds.. ['Orn do.... ats do.... ve 1848. .do. pounds. fallow do.... Gutter do.... 8h®* casks . . l^hiskey do... eather rolls.. ta'^es No.. 1,249,000 66,000 53,812 included in pork 22,020 21,445,000 40,024 6,620 70,750 27,953 4,132 12,950 865 4,520,117 2,298,100 560,000 17,809 5,632,112 1, 347, 000 6,873,000 9,940 38,700 3,313 8,091,000 1849. 1850. 1,207,435 59,954 61,996 5, 193, 996 21,072 33, 935, 768 • 49, 072 6,963 62, 910 14, 742 3,132 9,570 414 4, 943, 978 3,3ai,661 362,384 5,253 5,311,037 1,773,650 9,714,170 14,580 38,753 3,870 14,183,602 1,088,321 40,249 84,719 6,562,808 9,674 53,076,000 53,443 10,257 72,022 ^ 17,951 ** 2,881 10, 461 421 3, 672, 886 2, 504, 000 347,108 50 5,093,532 1,903,528 5,298,244 17, 316 30,189 8,282 19,617,000 1851. 1,216,603 32,169 73,074 7, 951, 300 11,126 68,006,000 60,943 7,875 48,430 28,713 2,739 17, 244 3,023 4, 167, 121 5,988,775 1,140,340 10,652 4,798,500 1, 053, 900 2, 342, 900 13,509 66,524 8,186 10.519,000 At the present moment the official documents, alluded to above as Mowing this report, merit something more than ordinary attention, as khey display the character, quantity, and estimated value of each art cle msmg over the lajes eastward, in pursuit of a market, and the Zees k shipment on the lake indicating, with sufficient accuracy, the kgions vvhere produced. Thus it will be observed that the sniaU nK)unto#xotton. received, came via Toledo, which ma^^e held tS bify tiiat. It reached that pomt by canaJ from Cincinnatt I which place' It had^been brought from the southed by the Oliio river? The Ce emarks will apply to tobacco, and in some sort to flax and hemp Phe latter, however, arrive m nearly enual quantities by this route' teissou?'"" "'"' *'" '""^^^ ""' ^'^^^- ^-^^' -d byTalTe Nothing can be more interesting or instructive, as connected with the ake trade, than statistics hke these, showing whence come these va.t tee' :;^r^^:l;'''''^-^' ^' ---^ - -^^ -'•^-ry L^ '^ Jffa^rtratr' ^'^ ^''^'^^^' ''^''^''^''^^ ^^^-- ^'- -«— of 1851, of imports, 731,462 tons, vajued at ini SS9 q-il " exports. 204,536 >< u ./AV.'.uMl^tl , ^^^'"g ^ aggregate ofTT. ^k, . . .~r~ "«" «« oq, «,: I 1860 t was '^^'- J2'^^'^'^ : 67,027,618 9.064.163 crease on 1^61, fa: •■-■ J. ■:\ i*.;v. • .» .1 HM, ^ tr / mi\. (MS '■'•y A' r^ ^r-v n n. Boc. 196. Of the trade there were, in 1861, imports from Canada. . $501,517. (( (( «♦ exports to Canada. ... . 613,943 " ._^A , — . Total Canadian trade of 1861."-....: l,121 4g Of thei«lde there were, in 1850, imports from Canada. . . $307,074 * ^i J u ♦« exports to Canada 220,196 Total Canadian trade of 1860 627,27() Increase of Canadian trade on 1861. - $694,195 1 It is, perhaps, proper hiere to observe that much of the propertjM •urchased in Buffalo for the Canadian market passes over the Niagan 1 alls railway to the suspension bridge, where it is reported as passin« | into Canada from the Niagara district, and.is as such reported as the J trade of that district. F ■aae oi uiai uisuici. , if. , The tonnage of this port exhibits an increase no less graUfymg than that of the commerce. Tonnage for 1861. Anivali — ClemnoM. Aomgate Do. of 1880. IncNMe ud decreaM.. Aggregate iaerease for 1851. Crewa, total. 7,287 7,486 14,713 BRITISH. Yeaaeli. 601 593 1,194 939 inc. 255 Tons. 72,212 71,241 143,453 149,537 dew. 5, 064 AMKRICAN. YesMls. 170 205 3r5 528 From and to foreign porta. dec. 153 255 102 Tom. 56, Dill inc. 12,91)1 5, Ml 7,«l Cotuting trade for 1861. Ovtward...... .•>••• ...•••.• Jaward Total «oaa(^ and foreign Do. do. do. 1850. InneaaeoflSSl... !• : ■• I; ■'i if *,' ^ '.•. y* !■-. • ■' ^ ■ i '1 i , 4 M ^ 1 ';.' ''"s , • if 1 <♦ ^ . ' • fl B. r hi t , ,'! j£ I 1 '1 i?iL '1 1 Ji H. ^ 1 H ■Statement oj frtm Cana titles ofeoi \ PortB. Silver Creek . . , , .^Dunkirk 'Barcelona,.."" Erie '" Conneaut ,...,"" Ashtabula ..'.'.'** Madiaon Dock' '. . Fairport ... Black River..'.'.".' Vermillion.-;.."] Clereland.. '..'**" Huron and Milan.' Sanduaky ■Fremont ..,.''"' 'Toledo ;;; Monroe "" Gibraltar .....'."' Detroit " " jrentori ;;;;; St. Clair Saginaw.. Mackinanr *" Green ^y.....''' Bfaverlalanda ..'"' Gi^nd Hnven .....' St. Joaeph's,.., ,"."," Sheboytran ..,.'.."" Milwaukie .' " * Racine .'.'.'.'** Kenosha " " I Waukegan. . . .' ..'*** J Chirag^o .... Michigan city .'.'.."■■ I Canada .,', Total ^ ^H. Doc. 188. ^-: W!>^}i' Silver Creek .?""'«,''•' !.*."!.■; "-^ If 5"r««'ona ..^ .A Erie Conneaue. 296 Modiaon Dock ::::::; ^^^i\ Black River <78 Vermil/ion .-.-. "o •-•« Cl8»eland.... I ^ 72 Huron and Milan 1.515 i . ■Fremont •Toledo ::::::::: S"bXv; , Detroit , Trenton.... ; 2,843J s«.. Clair ::;:;;; .|.... Saginaw.. ['Y , Mackinanr. ,. * Green 5ay.. .;;•'"••■ .... Bfaver Islands H ■... ,l";l'?r" "••••■•■■■■)•••'%•••■■'•••■ I SheboypUi Milwaukie. Racine, .iff m ^ Doc. I8O1* STATEMENT— Continued. Porto. aiTer Creek Dunkirk... Baroelom..! £ri0 •*...•••••...*..* Conseaut.. ..••••• «»*• AektftbuiA •...«•.•...• MadiionDock...'... • fUrport •••• Black RiTer yenniUion •• Cterelaiid Hapn aM MUan neky ............ St do raooroe • Gibiallar Detroit.. lYenurn St. Clair fleginav Buekinaw.....* Qreen Bay ••••••••«•• BcaTerblanda Oiand HaTon .« fit.Jowph^ Bark. Bamli. Boxea. 17 Miiwanli^. Badne.......* Kenoaha....*.. Waukqgan . . . . Chioafo MiebigBn City. ••••aaaaa* •••aa«a***« •••••••••a aa*a« •••••• 27 6 Bags. •aaaaaaaaai ••«■•••••••• >t««a«a*«**' 11 21 Packagea. •...a....... Bundles. ■•••••«••••« •aaaaeaaaaa* • • «• aeaaaaea •••••••••••a laaaas**** Oa^... / Total. /— i 23 23 44 44 >•••••••••' aaaaaaaaaa •aa*a«sa**»a !•#•••••••• • ••i(4^* SI 38 38 ; / ■ \ « ' 1 - • , - . ,. ^ V"-'^ "■-%^f % * « ■ ' -v .,Afe„^.\ .* - .:!?,. » •/ ■■: ,.) ■ .'-."■ Hv Doc ise. STATEMENT-Continued. Porta. »Beer. • • ■ « • Bamb. • • • '*••••■••« • • • • ■« • • SilTcr Creek .. . Dunkirk Barcelona.... :::: MadMonDock Black RiTer Vemnllion Cleveland .... j « ,g^ ^mSr;:::::::;::; ''' Tolsdn •••••..I MoSm ®'646 ;D«roit i?*if? |Vpl"'-... Sjtfc:::-- ffitir.:: SSTii-:::: i ^'^« Michigan City... -.^ Canada. Tiercea. easka. 589 ai 106 1,109 • . ... S90 f ••••••■•« *••••■•• .v. ••••••••aa • •a* ••««-,, Beeawaz. Bairela. ••■a*«««« •4aa««*«*. 1,806 9,536 •• • • a •( ••a«»««aa* 54,414 '•••a»a««« •••••••-a • a ••••••aaa **«a»aac a • a a • • • a •■•aa«a««a •••a«*«««, ••a«««a«,a •••aaaaaaa •••••• a* aa|« ••••aaaa* • • a a^* • • « a 9^«««aaaa ••••••aaa» 46 Caaka. • 310 ••••ataaaa • ••••-•aaca ••aaa«»«*» 9 9 9 •••••a*««* •aaaa««»»a ••aaaaa*aa •••••••a 46 1 ••••••aaa« •aaaataa,. ••••••••• •••••a»»»» • .•a»a««««, ••••••a«». ••••••••a 5 ••••aaaaa Bozea. S3 104 IS .•«.••... ••..<••••. I so I (•.• I .......... ••••••■... •■••••.... ••••..a... 9 ••••*a«*« a*aa*««a«9 1 • •• • •m9%m% 10 u- ■••••••««« • • • • • •mm*99 ••••aaaaa* •aa«aa«»«« 9 • •• a a««*«» **a\aaa«aa aaa»«aa« •••••a«»aa * • •••••••• •••••••••a *••• •••••• •■••••••• •••••••• s*^ ••• « I as- ::""•••• I ' 1 I •• ••••••••••. •••• J •••• t •'"^Mi' .it. ■ ' it'' ' V*' f '. ^ I t» I, • » ' -4 -, ' f .'^ I ■ 168 STATEMENT— Continued. ' Bacon and haroa. > Porta. Boxea. BarrelB. Tiercea. Caaka. Hhda. Tons. fHTor Creek. ........^. Barcelona. Brie. Conneaut Aahtabola BfadiaonOock Eairport Black River Vannillion 6 1 6 5* 99 i* 30 7* 35 28 141 8 2r 1,010 7 432' iae* 23 * 2' "2' 20 1,332 m' 16 1,087 15 ■'■'■"so' V" ..... «^» %• v.;.m dareiand..... , ; 21 Sanduakjr •••• ■'"iieoo* «• a V\vn** • « yTamont • Toledo 52 1 i' 94 ^ 53 Monroe Gibraltar Detroit...; TKBDton SuCIair > Saginaw Ateekinav 3i Green Bav Bearer ralanda Grand Haven fib Tn^anh'a %•••**• *• ■ Sheboynn Milwaukie Raeine , ^enoaha 'X" 55' 14 / 34 ' 2,008 4G 38* • ••••••••a Waakegan Chicago.. . .1 44' 26' 17 ■""'836' r ""I'm" Bliehigan City Calnda. 336 4,215 r 1,792 3,560 95 1,284{ ft.. Total 236 4,215 1,792 3,560 95 l,284t ■4 H. Doc. 136. STATEMENT-Continued. 101 /.J-'i .1 'I'i Porta. Broome. Broom corn. Books. Boots Bladdem. I and shoes. Dozen. Bries. Silver Creek ' Dunkirk gi^^'"""* .■.::::::::::::: con;.^t:;::::;::::: ii Ashtabula " Madison Dock ! ^ 197 Tons. Boxes. Boxes. Barrels. '. ' M H • ••••• •! j> *• iV Fairport Black River :;;; Vermilljon Cleveland :;; gj^- Huron and Milan.. . Sandusky •• Fremont "* Z^'^° J 211 Monroe [' Gibraltar Detroit ' Trenton 11 1,383 qjo I ■ I ^g 74 "co 9 *"' I I 69 >4w M i'-iy '"sa^* •••• = I 79 1 ^^ 132 1 a " •■:::::::::::: ' , *** ••••••••• St. Clair Saginaw... •" Mackinaw.. :;• Green Bay.. ••• Beaver Island*.... :::( Grand Haven I St. Joseph's "" Sheboyaran *•• M'lwaukie I ^^ 5««"e- Kenosha I Waukegan *'"' Chicago Michigan Citr. . • ''« Canada . . , Total., . i . * ,K * ■* " " 1? 'J ■I ' • % < it • I y ^-f '4' I ■':<*■ -*5|. tcte H. Doc. 186. STATEMENT— Continued. Ports. Butter. B^r littles. / Kega^ Firkina. 149" 32 39 Barrels. Casks. Hhds. / Number. Sflm Greek Dunkirk Baroelona Erie. Ckmneaut Aahtabnla.. 40' 318 3,532 671 684 61 3S2 61 52 4,496 353 2,711 671 2,064 12 •••-209* 81* 31 42 4* i,'600 Bladiwn Dock Fairport Black River 10 22 40 5 667 •. ••••| ▼ennillioa 869 6 54 14 8 Ctereland Hnron and Milan .... Sandusky 6* '*** Toledo Monroe Gifataltar 4 34 229 2 5' Demit Trenton. .•• St. Glair fiiminaw Green BaT Beaver lalanda Grand Haven BtJooeph'e flhdiwycan BGlwrakie 6* 256 109 1,581 787* 11 < 2' 4* Baon Kenoaha. WankecanM 30* 22" ChlMM llieh^an City OlMda 19,017 S34 1,229 • •••••• T* 1,156 18 8 1,6'JO Tatal . 19,251 1,229 1,156 1 i 8 r'— 1,600 / ^ 1 . ■- AMi^iak H. Doc. 186. STATEMENT— Continued. 103 / 'IB " jr pottles. pim^. Bath brick. Brick. Bones. dumber. Number. Number. Number. Tons. Tons. Hhds. • 1^1 Silver Creek, ....... • ^^B Dunkirk • ......... • •••• ■ 9^H Barcelona. . ......... 1,601 1 fl^B Erie ...* a^H Conneaut 34,000 26 ;;; t^H Ashtabula • ••••••••• '"■'^^ Madison Dock ,, . "'^M Fairport '''^m Black River I^H Vermillion j^m Cleveland •••••■• ^H Huron and Milan ... . .1 iSifiOO 30 5 I^H tiiandurkv 6 R -^H l^Vemont .....'.'.■*..*.l , ^^H "Toledo i^^^B Monroe . 'l^m Gibraltar.-.; , r^H Duroit •••••••• • '^H Trenton |H St. Clair. ;^H Saginaw 38 /^H Mackinaw ^^H Oreen Bay ■^M Beaver Islands *••••••••• ^^H Urand Haven .' |H St. Joseph's: ^^H Sheboygan H^B Milwaukie ^^H Kacine ^^^^H Kenosha **••••••• a HH Waukegan BM Chicago ••••••••» • *'"••••• (. ••*••••• BH JJ'Iicbigan City ....... . HH Canada 2 . • •• V* • • • "805 . 37,800 56 5 917 11 373 1,601] I ^-^ S 805 37,800 56 5 373 ^H r»' ;« < (' t 1 .1 *. •/ "%H a..k t' i/«l ..;■ ^ 104 ' H. Doc. 186. STATEMENT— Continued. • Ports. Bristles. Brandy. Buflalo robea. Candles. ; : Sacks. Casks. Hhds. Casks. Bales. Boxes. 'i T>iinkirk .. ' ' • - Erie :' dnnnfiAiit - ... ..'•..*..^. '' IVfadifinn Dnclc .... 20 Black River 'Vermillion. PlAVpJnnll . - ^ - . .* io' is' 990 Huron and Milan .... Sanduskv 160 Fremont Toledo 8 /. . . '1,419 Monroe. . . -. - Gibraltar f Detroit..^ ........... 11 11 Trenton " 1 St. Clair Saginaw .* ... ^v. .... •••••••••• Mackinaw ( Oreen Bay 10 Beaver Islands Grand Haven St. Joseph's Sheboygan ,. . Milwaukie Racine Kenosha.'. .*!!'.!!!'!: i Waukegan Chicago 13 3,216 959 Michigan City 10 20 V 3,246 3,551 Canada............. 4 1 Total 10 20 i 4 1 3,246 3,551 4 . " .tsia',. Candlea. Boxes. H. Doc. 1:86. STATEMENT-Continued. 105 .■•>' ■••..\','Jr. • • • 1 '"20 '990 'leo ''■;i '4I9 "is • •.. "'io > •« • >•■• 959 ... 3, 551 3,551 Silver Creek Dunkirk ?a''<:eloria \, ;;'" ^onneaut ish tabula :: ladisonDock. .. JIack River Kermillion...,,.., 3'eveland \\\ luron and Milan! ^"''usky t'^mone rp'euo lonroe. jiibraitar.... ;.;;;; Petroit . . [«"[»" ...; f-9'a"" f?"naw lackinaw \ ^eenBay paver Islands k'and Haven ....... 'Joseph's Hoy(»an Iilwau. V'"* •.... pnosha .ukegan »'c«?o Mchigan City p^ ^^ 106 H. ikHS. 186. STATEMENT^ — Continued. Porta. 1 Cheeae. Cider. Cigar*. Cool. Boxes. Casks. Tons. Barrels. Cases. Ton,. .; Silver Cre«k Dunkirk.... i Barcelona • Erie Conneaut.... 49,465 . 18,648 88,789 "'32,' 780' 357 116 26,298 316 134 207 37' U 11 42" ■"■i6,'a Ashtabula is" Madison Dock Fairport • • • • • e*!!^^ Black River. Vermillion Cleveland Huron and Milan 2" 25' 31' ,, ***4* Sandusky Fremont 772' 1 6 Toledo Monroe Gibraltar io* ' 5' • • • • tiiM ; Detroit Trenton.. ...< St. Clair Saginaw Mjickinaw.. .......... • • • • t M»< S M Green Bay Beaver Islands. Grand Haven St. Joseph's Sheboygan "■*i*864" • ••■•. '^ Milwaukie Racine Kenosha Waukegan 9 • ••••IH Chicago ..••' Michigan City Canada 163,099 701 62 77 17 57 ....! Total 163,099 701 62 84 57 1;,! Ports. er Creek ^nkirk celoDa........'.'* '*•• ??«»"' ■tabula, i , ^disoD Dock....* Brt.... [ : River....,,','.'] nillion Iveland, ,'J Iron and Milan...'.' Idusky... fcmont .', ledo..... aroe ] _ Irallar. '" Bit 'I nton I* 31air. " pnawt.... inaw...., iBav..... er Islands., nd Haven.. foseph^... oygan.... ukie line losha. iik^gan ago...'. biganCity I I|£i£^>A> t-- 1. Goal. 1. Tons. - • • • iM • • • ttttM M J -••....J • ••....^^ • • • • ••>!» ." • • •••».«,; • • • ••'III. *" ^ **5' • • • •iHi, ; H. Doc. 136. STATEMENT-^ontinued. ^,. J-WI ut. -^V, m ■ -'^ 1 ioa_ .H. Doc. 186. STATEMENT— Continued. PorU. , Corn. Com meal. Cotton. Cranberries. Deer ikit Bushels. Barrels. • Bales. Barrels. Pach. Silver Creek Dunkirk.. Barcelona Erie Conneaut u Ashtabula Madison Dock Fairport Black River.. ....... • Vermillion Cleveland Huron and Milan Sandusky 13,' 269* 12,121 i'.m 2,200 13,201 30,387 458, 502 220,051 297.114 43,740 1,828)502 19,615 """223,' 264' 2,100 • • • • 227" •^3 «• '"v^ ::::::::4f:; ** *• ■"" 2" 28" 1 i i -1 • 4: ' Fremont Toledo , '"""'"i,-643' 310 333 264 " 746" f Monroe •> Gibraltar Detroit " ^ 1 Trenton St. Clair VH Mackinaw Green Bay. Beaver Islands * 2" * 43' 2 • • • •*•«•.£ St. Joseph' Sheboygan Milwaukie •....- 20,907 23," 548 9,577 6,498 12,639 3,351,888 318, 363 5 Kenosha Waukegan 3a" • « •C«.«>4^a • • • s' .. ...... Michigan City........ __ Canada..' ....• 5,938,738 8 2,929 310 1,417 Total 5,938,746 2,929 310 1,417 - 1 • - „ Deer tku Packs. • • • • • • • • • ■ • • • • • • • * • • • '2 23! 64 • • • 40 • • ■ • ■ ■ • • • • • • 2 43 2 5 • • • • • • 8 ? • • ■ • « * 1 ■• *» f 1 • 17 • • • 17 H. JDoc. J86.Xt STATEMENT-Continucd 10^ H.-^aa 3.336 i;^ J ! * I' ', ' r i< r '/> 'Li >'i * t " * ' AI* 110 ^ I ■ : V |.'i STATEMENT— Continued. Fiah. Firewood. Flax and hemp. Flaxseed. PorU. Barrels. Corda. Bale*. T^ona. . Sacks. Bamli. SilTerCrwk Dunkirk •••• •• 7' «■««••••• •••••••*** •••••••*** • Barcelona ....«•••••• Eri •• Conneaat Aihrabula IdadiaonDock....... Fairport.... ,.•• 4 ........J. !!!'.!!.... 181 73 U tIM Black KiTsr Vermillion 443' 361" • •••••"•• ■'■••• •••• ID « » J n • • • •••((•« 1 • • •••••IH • •••••*«■« Cleveland •••• Huron and Milan. . . . . Sanduaky •• 6 .••••• 190 i Fremont •••• 353 *"i,'567* 697' "■'3,' 495* 973 1,506 7 \ 853 963 • •••«•%•■•'• Monroe ••••• - Gibraltar Detroit »....•• Trenton St. Clair Sa^aw..... Mackinaw GreenBav Grand Haven... 43" • •^•••r.M Bt JoMpnv 8be\)oysan...' Mil*auki« 728 544 S66 3 480 9 *" 4' ••« •••••« iw RaciN ••• KenoiOui "* Waukegan Chicago.... •r Michigan City • •••!••••* » •••■••••• !**"i,'i33 70 ' ".*.*..*.*i!'i ■ ■•tesiiH • . . 9,979 • 9 • 2,471 113 1,338 1.1 Canada. .<» 83 Total .....>•>•• 9,981 89 2,471 113 1,338 1,8 " ■ , 1 . - ■ ■ .• ■ %)» • -• r ? ^■4^tytl i^ I Dock ••^•••« vemiUioD •••••••••« pooroe .,, oton »^* •••••••««, HI boc* 186* STATEMENT-Continued. Ill Boxe.. BMketi. Sackt, r Creek •• ^•••••••••■, ■•••• «•••••••••«, oteMiie •••••••••«, diiMDook..^.... K>n« •'•>•••«•••,, Venaillion b/MTBMlnl ••■••••«••• Soioo and Milan . . . • • *•• • • •• • a?erbknde....... w«Hft?en .Joeeph'ii....,....! '••••••••• • • • • ••••••■••a 5 6 4,079 S4 •* ••!••••. 618 S58 6,953 360,059 a. 013 91,405 ..8.1.1 |--T 78,977 • • • • • •• . 370,551 400 33 > •• • • rCity. 1.904,643 11,960 1,316^603 8.385 6,461 506 80,035 17,731 1,913 ""'Ill :•>'<',. »,«'Vi Til, i if ' '. -' ''^' ..J ' 'I.J'. ■ ••I' a. 4 II « » v'^ f<.' 'tffPt^^ ^^^^^-^ ■■'i£!-r„er\ • t ^^ STATEMENT— Continued. Porta. Furniture. t ••• • • • • Boxes. Packagef. Silver Creek Dunkirk Barcelona . Erie.. Qpnneaut ...•. Ashtabula Madison Doek Fairport BlacK^River. . . Vermillion Cleteland., Huron and Milan. • . . Sandusky Fremont Toledo Monroe Gibraltar . Detroit • Trenton »••• St. Clair Saginaw. ...•...••••• Mackinaw • • • Green Bay . . . . , Beaver Islands Grand Haven . . . St. Joseph's Sheboygan Milwaukie Racine Kenosha ........... Waukegan Chicago • Michigan City •••••• 10 31 S 7 7 »••«•••< 2 24 45 3 93 2 73 57 14 28 18 506 SO 51 Lota. Furs. Packa. ..a......' 2 .•*•••< 42 Bozea. •••••••• a • • • • • a^ •••■••a* ,••■•••••• >•••«• ••• !■•••••• 227 >•••«•••* 18 * • • • • f • • •■•••••• •••••••• ••«•■••• •at***** ■asaaaaa* ^••••aaaa .•••aaaa* laaaaa*** 180 32 160 134 •••••aaaa •aaaaaa** aaaaaaaa* kaaaaaaa*. a • a a « a a I a a a a a * a I a a a • • a ••••aaaaa »»aaaasai 7 •aaaaaaa ' 3 Casks. . • • • a • ■ • • a a a • i t ■aaa***, aaaa*'««i • a a a ^ava 24 467 9 425 »»»*•••* 369 25 . * • a a a a • , a s • a a • a 20 aaa*«t«** 47 94 59 15 2 10 377 44 32 Canada . . . Total, 317 10 • • • • •aaaaaaaa* • ••.aaataa ••a.aaaaa* ••••aaaaai 1 1 1,917 8 327 1,925 •aaaaaaa •aaaaa*aaa|^ a • a • a a • aaa*aaaa< , 82 , a a a • • a a 24 2 6 •aaaaaaaa 31 .••aaaaaa* ,^aaaa>aaa aaaaaaaa* 'a*l-a»aaaaaa« 1 •aaaaaaai •taaaaali »*%*•••• 4 4 11 .6 6 83 17 tvaaaaaaa • a • t • a a a a ■ 1 ■ ■ a • • t • t • a a a ■ • ■ I a a • • • t 37 6 43 546 ■ • • • • a a < a a • • • aaii a ■ • aaai 2,274 3,2g5 115 115 Silver Creak Duokirk BoKe'ona. .*.". 5"* Gonneaut i Aihubula MadisonDock S"-?"" ......'.■ Bhek River Venniluon , Cleveland ', Hiiraftandl^ilan. Sandusky. , fVemont. Toiodo :;:.T .Monroe I Gibrn'tar Dew" L2;"- Maekimw / iBesver Isliuida (" |GmndHaven».... . ■ ••■ Eos.pl.^..l..•.::::::: *KilE•.::::::,•**•^•• ane. ina. .,.,.,,, I Bi'w*-. • 'lithiganCity |.,^ Total... y "' ..& .:!' *• IBS?" ''^' ■^^ )? f '^-^ 'vi:i^.fi "' Y ^- Doe. 13«. STATEMENT^ontinued. lift p 114 H. X)oc. 1361 STATEMENT— Continued. Boxes, CaskB. Packages. Tons. Barrels. Barrels. !•••••• .....'••• ••!•• SiWerCreek Dunkirk •••• i* Barcelona g^g 302 349 | j4 Eri« •••; •••!""iT.'.'.*.*.".".*.'.. 34 Gonneauu | * i Ashtabula Madison Dock.. .I"- Fairport . . • ackf 1 • . • . . ' I • . . • • < 4d I • ■ • • • !• • • • • • / 73 BlackEiver. - .„ , Yermillion ["{m 270 325 ( «» Cleroland 1' |^* y\ >' Huron and Milan -^ I i\ l-"* I 12 19*' 19 14 3 I... .•••|« • « 10 ....••• 28. Sandusky Fremont • • ■ • Toledo Monroe Gibraltar .Detroit Trenton St. Clair Saginaw ' Madtinaw ^reen Bay Beaver Islands .... Grand Haven ■ St. Joseph's Sheboygan Milwaukie Sicino enosha i- i ;...i ••\ Waukegan •• Chicago 1 1 1 Michigan City •••••• 1,830 1 610 Canada. 1 1,830 569 t • fl • • • ■ 11 ,»•■••••• i • • ,,,t«a»e* • •§••• • • ■••••••• 1 1"" • ••••!•• • •••••• •!• 'Qp* I ,. ■••••••••!••• • • •• • I •• • • • • ' 1 1 ■ • • • * 50 .... ■•••■• » • • • • I • • • • •••••> < • * 1 611 710 710 49 102 10 288 3 49 291 1,1» Porta. Silver Creek Dunkirk Barcelona £rie.... ,, <5onne(*it .) Asfalabi^la ModisoitDock Fairport Black River Termillion ■. ... Cleveland Huron and Milan .... fwidusky Fremont [Toledo (Monroe- i, jGiliraltar I^'n'it n)»;!»? fPlwr. S^'l'?'' jMaekioaw [Beaver Wands K,^ {»«>?•>'• Sheboyjian I , ^'''•Mkie I , ^™"« "^•"kegan I , Cbicago IJichiganCity...";.".'.*;! __ Jiado... Total: 4, WH' ^« Porta. ^' I>oc. 136- STATEMENT-ContinueA Grindstonee. j Hats. | Ha.>, N°- I Tona. I CasM. ll«r Silver Creek f Dunkirk Barcelona , Erie I •••••••. Huron and Milan Swidueky Fremont.. ..«...,,,,.. Toledo... .........; Monroe «'H«" — '• " Detro" JO* *•• ••... 462 1 4 1 28 o 32 * I ... 10 am ., "I********..! ---i--»»ee ™-^i>^ .....;;; ^(Bpjnn '..I .1 ,.| $'''»•««' 13 •• 5«'»<» ' 5 la Kmoaha.... | **"*3' Wfttkepm ^ 13 iS!"??®-". 29"""' '• MichiganCuy f^ l""- 9 iiiLiii:"-- •335 tons from Ogdenebuig. t From England. -*??" ' , "I . 1: "/ i 'I . ! * I * < F* » 'I i I 'I i W/ "' .r..i •^ * 'it, "y (I ' it '• ^' I 118 fl.rDoc. 136. STATEMENT— Continued. Iron. Poits.- Lard. Casks. Bundles Kegel of Barrels.'*' Caska. ■*•••■•• ' ■ SilTer Creek. Dunkirk . Barcelona: Urie Coniteaul.. Ashtabula., Madison Dock. Fair port 31w;k Vwmillion 207 . t^ Bkyck River i Cleveland ..■•■ Huron and Muan...i |3anduaky Fremont Toledo Monroe •Gibraltar Detroit Ttenjo""'**** Bt Clair Saginaw.. ••• | Mackinaw •. Gfeen«Ba7 .<•••• Beaver Island*. Grand Haven.^ St. JoaephM. . « • • Sheboygan Milwaoki* Racine Kenoaha Waukfgan *•••• Chiea|(0 *. Mkhigan City ,.. ..... I. ...•■• 93 44 72 1 80 ..1. naiils.'' 2,694 503 Kega.. a 30 1 , ^a ■ • • • • • »••••■• ••••••• •••••• • • • • • • ' 2 • • • • • • a • • • ■ a ( • • • < •^••' 18 13 23 8 Canada... Total. 456 84 540 197 - 3 6 2,112 13 374- 9 2,767 13 Ka»a««'>''' a ^* •••••• • •••k 54 7 3,G46 329 . ■ 571 5 >••••• ••• .••••"•••■ 551 • 9*««» •••• ««•••■•••• • ••••••■•• »••••••••■ • ••••••••• • •••••••■ • •••••••< • •••■•■•• • ••••••• • ••••«••• • • • 13J 'm I 1 "ill •3,951 197 3,951 9.354 826 529 -• • t • • 2,482 9,354 2,462 2,51^ 2,5" Ports. Silrer Creek....... . Dunkirk'.. Barcelona Erie \ Conneaut ^.,.. Ashtabula Madison Dock...... ^'Fairpor^ Black River ,, . Vermiflion Cleveland. [ Huron and Milan....* Sandusky Fremont....... Toledo .,,. Monroe ^ Gibraltar.. Detroit .^.., Trenton St. Clair Saginaw Mackinaw Q'wnBjiv 1 Bejiver Wanda........ Qnnd Haven St. Joseph'*. Sheboygan Milwaukie 5»e"'«- KenoDha ., , J»^"k<«M> '.'/.'... Michi^ City .'.**.' ■.■.';' Canada. ...» Total. .„.......<. •750 ke^s from Ogdenaburg. . » - « ^ , ^ J I. / « r '■»• '■-J^'^:'. ■' • ■ - . , 4^ 3" . * ,L'm»d H. Doc. 13a. STATEAfENT^Conti„,,d. lt» Silwr Creek...... Dunkirk'., Barcelpna , Erie Conneaut., Ashtabula , Madison Dock. ...'■,'.'.' \' '■Fairport .-...; Black River. , . . . Vermiflion "" | ...■ Cleveland. Huron and Milan. ....)" Sandusky ' "" Fremont Toledo „., Monroe , Gibraltar.. Detroit Trenton ;..; St. Clair Saginaw Mackinaw '•■- Green Bay. WIslanda........ ••.. f... S^Jowph'* 2 Stts:.;:;::;;::;. e'iiff-::::::;::. .•::::::: ;;• '^i' .•.•;:.•:::::.:: ir- ""••'•••■••■■■■■" :: ■••-::.•::::: ^' * '§?•••! JO 964 oA" ■ •••• C»o*^ Total. ,.......<.. \i' >» ■'■'{'"■ v; . 'i r It '» '»: I I.' If Jit ■■>.-■ ■i < ^ . I. y , . f I ■ •1 I'll A* Ill V n '^♦"^' ■.ia ^rU. ick walnut. Oak timber. ' Feet. Tons. Piecea. Feet. Tone. Piecta;, - «aTer Creek ••••••••• * Dunkirk • • • ■ • • •••,«•«•• Barcelona «rie... Omneaat • ., 1 • • • e^e • • • • • Aah tabula • • •# • eii*** Jfadison Dock Vairport Black River. 39 '"ioiooo" "Vermillion 19,677 36 Cleveland...... Huron and Milan '"'"ioo* 120 • ■'■■•• ••• Bandutky ...... 166,870 97 S6 523' 717 • •■••'••••a 1,488 S8( Framont Toledo Monroe \. .. ieoi" ChbcaHar 76 Detroit Trantott •^••' ' SL(Mair. •\" • • • ) « •'••*• g «agin»w • •> ifUekinaw •••'••••,••1 ••• CkaeaBay Beaver Islanda <]fand Haven . 140,000 ..^•••••* 1 ^.Joaeph's ^RMboyiEan , ,.^...... 1 MUvaukie k ri ^ 'B«!i"* ■ »•••••••• . .....•■**• 'i JLeooaha • ••••••••• .;,.., % 4 Waakegan 464 3 ^hicafiio jfiBhican City. • ■e******* •tf%ttMd&. •••••#•••«• 360,462 153 .. 301,017 1,511 10,000 . 376,957 624} %6(1 • • Total .. 661,479 153 1,511 386,957 624i 2,8*1 «•'«■. C«ek 5"°''."* ' B«««'<"M , 5^« Meduon Dock l^.,^^' I I SS5d° BBfflnMdMaw'i^';;;, Sudosky , ' te"' I iT" , ^^- T!2li; l"^ ^» &.Joieph'. • iMilwaiiie..., • te--- I.:; M i. Doc 136. ^TEMENT--Continued. I-nniber, shingle., 4c. 1«1 I I okc. I / I ' * •••••• «..,| ^Silver Craek '^nW* B^'oM *^« Conmaut Aihtabula... Maduon Dock ^^'i. V«™'"'»n .Cle»el«nd mmmiMOKn...., *ndn>k)r W"* St" "°1™«- Gibnltar. I"5,'°? Jf^.C"'- fjP!»» Mackimur iQmndBwen str Pfwkfgtn.... ^W^go City.... .■ ., r... •• 151,113 . 71,000 230,000 110,666' I 86,000 51,000 •••«. '• , •••• * •■.... '•• ••• 375,998 , 520,500 ^.757.397 2,986,118 871,400 405,415 256,000 133.000 ifi.143,.. 650,053 L 304,950 . 121.387 1.616,814 1.745,640 „ 271,000 8.953.714 , 3p9, 193 1,989,033 3,938^549 81,773,633 "• ••. ' • -.000 .. :. iH 000 ...:':: :;:; ••:••.•:.•:.•.•::; ;;---""-"f"::::::: 106. 000' :::::::;:;•; ■ ■■'■'■^' •;• -111 ,':> . mm \ . f ■ ' t i * sp I 5i » '.t ■ j -- '^■- ■ * - —' ^-'— ■ Fit- ■i- •h"i.-''?:-?'Ht|| ♦'i '. 1 r 1 »» .ikl 1«2 H. Doe. 186. STATEMENT— Continued. Port8. >••••••• Silver Creek Dunkirk.. . . Bsrcctoha . . Erie Conneaut.. Ashtabula. Madison DoeS. ...... Fairport....; BlacltRiTcr Vermillion Cleveland '[[ Huron and Milan. !.!.*i Sandusky... dk. f^^™*"" ■% Jol^o-.,i.^^.^ Monroe.,.'......,.... OibnUir ."....... P*"""' J""'"? ^.... St Clair r Svinaw ^"•""■w .'.'.' Wr Wanda Grand Hayen S'-J»«Pl>'« ,..., "fkfgan Michigan Ciiy cP' Ports. H4 Doc. 186. STATEmiVT_Co„d„„cd Medicines BArrela. | Sacks. 12» Boxes. Silrer Creek.. Dunkirk....! . Bsccsteha .... firie Conneaut Avhtabula. .... Madison Di>e£. Fairport Blaclf. River .. . Vermillion Cleveland Huron and Milan.!.!* Sandusky... .a.....; F"";*"" ■% Toledo ;,,i.,„.^ ^onroe.... ; I "" J Ji4 I 65 Qt^nitir I -* Delroit I ^'i Trenlon....... Merchandise. Boxes. I Packages. I Barrels. 93 19 21 f-pl-" .^ g?'"?'' • •• ., QreenBay ^ B«wr Islands i! „ O^ndHsyen !:; ;; ^"w- ''^ ^•"Pjha • ^fok'g"" ; 63 38 la MichipwCrty C«nada..,..., Total I 47 ^ r S ; . • ^ V ! '•>..' 2' ■ ' 'ill '!W'"' . '.iiti 'M ,.*»■ # t ' *, / 1114 H. Doc 186. STATEMENtr— Continued. 1-^ Oata. n:i Nutt. ; Ull. Peru. Rarrela. Caaka. EKttea. Buahela. Barrela. 3oxe8. ■ — •- ••••••••• • SiWer Creek ^j • ••• Dunkirk Barcelona Erie Oonneaat m" 3 18,406 . "a 895 . 31 . Aahtabttla.... Madison Dock Ptirport Black River. Vermillion Cleveland..... Huron and Milan ....•• 6* 28 28 2 317 6 b231 38 19? 33 '!"47" 4 ': '1 17 "il" 8,000 12,600 4,096 70,691 60,374 73,734 14,644 1 70,397 5,969 794 10 362 G iii 18 San«W"»y - Jiampnt. • Toledo «i ■ ■ fc« t ft • n i • « . • J 4,699 63 ii Monroe Gibraltar 47,' 797" 36 Detroit V Trenton • • St. Clair Saginaw Mackinaw ••« Green Bay.. Beaver U and* ,::.::".:::::: :.. Grand Haven 'in "i^ *"385* St.Joaeph'a 15 1 Sheboygan Milwaukie 36,883 62,739 . Racine Kenoaha Waukegan 33 ; 9* 46.453 24,662 479,388 9* • •••••**• Chicago,.......' Michigan CUy . ••••••• 96,130 •^ ••••••••• 978 69 16 1,131,433 2,378 6,023 2» Canada •• • TotJ , 978 69 16 1,133,811 6,023 2S — Silver Creek Dnnkirk B«»™e'°"* •"'■ Conn««u' ;. Afhtebula.. MadwonDock „, Black River gj""'""*- Huron and Milan Sudoeky Fremont si'^jj- ''y. J*.j"'p« ......: g^nltar ; S^« T"»|°? ^■^ SP™" I J^S.: Beavwlitwda Qnuid Haven g^ph^ Minnuiija. . \^r^-' pi^MCuy I -k « ,v. (p." i ■ V ' ioxes. Porta. H. Doc. iSd. STAmfENT^Continued. Oilcake. J25 Silver Creek Dankirk Baroelona Etm Cooneaut Ath tabula Madiaon Dock. . . . Pairport BlackRiver ^1 VennL'lion 157 ■ Cleveland Huron and Milan.. 18 1 flanduaky FremonL si 1 Toledo WSWoe ........... Gibnitar ■. Detroit Trenton a, Clair ^U ft«inaw Maekina«r..' ,. "9 ^g OieenBay Beaver lilanda Qiwid Haven ^./oa^ph"*. Stessv 5^*"*? • .' ^""Jha..-' MiclnganCity Total 4: i I < t . • I- ' '.•■♦», I" * r * ! * ♦ ''tl ■ ,\v ,t •<" ..*!> :iJ < 'J.J -.] 1:11 If fc /.'■■' '*•- ''i. 1^6 Hi' Doc. 18••••••• SilTOf Creek Dunkirk.... Barcelona Brie •• Conneaut ...*..•• Ashtabula Madison Dock Pairport ••• BlacK River . .....••••• ^yermillion. ..•• 'Cleveland , . . • Huron and Milan ...... Sandusky Fremont Toledo.. 't Monroe Gibraltar Detroit.. « ] Trenton... • St. Clair Saginaw Mackinaw • • • • Qreen Bay Beaver Islands Qrand Hayan St. Joseph's^ Sheboygan.... ... Milwaukie .... V Hacine Kenofha Waukegan ..»•. Chicugo> • • • • Michigan City .. . ..... Boxes. I ...... . ........ ■ . . . 474 • • • • »•■•••••• •••■••••■ •••••••••• 3,706 294 580 «•••■••••< •••■•••••I 42 33 Rolls. » t » • ••••••■ ••••••••• !••••■••< (■•••••••< 1 •••«••■•*' 1 ••••••••• •■•••••■• •■•■•••»** •••••••••• •• ••••••• ■••••••••• ••>•••• ** ••■•••••* ••••••••• ••••••••• 200 ......... Number. Tons. Peasahtt beans. Barrels. ••••••• ••••••• • t • • • • • I !.«•*•••• • • • • • • • • • • t • I N.. 1,000 ••••••••• ••••••••• ,«••••••■* ,»••••■••• (••••••••• ,•»•••• ■• • • .■•••••••' #•••••* ««••••••• ••••■•• • •••••• 2 1 •••••••• ■•••«••• •■•••••• •••■••• ■••••••• 3 6 )••••■••• 5 ■ •••a •••• ••••••••■ «••••••«•■ ••■••••••• . 84 [■••••••a* •••«••••• I • • • • • • • 22 68 3 • •• • ■ • • • • 1 Canada . . . . ToUl. 5,01)6 5,096 122 122 1,200 1,200 • •••|a«*******' ■ ••■••• 1 • ••• ••■•• ••■•••••• ••••••■•• ««•■••••* ••••••••• •••••••aaa •••••••a ■»•••••• «•■••■■• 18 41 3 10 204 43 •285 t • ••••*t 80 1 18 90 4 10 753 m 9)3 Silver Creek I Dunkirk I"" Isf'^"' .::: ™" ••••••...1., Conneaut. Ashtabula •"• Madison Dock BlaskRiver ,( ■" Vermillion....... : Ctevehnd : Huron and Milan... ' I es^-::;:::::::;. ••■•■•■•■ StS::::;::::::;: ••••••: Qihralur J Trenton ' "*••• ft. Clair. iMtekuiaw. • |BetT?rI«lind.....: ; G«nd Haven.... :;;•••• «:::::::::: ••• Iti^ ' |W«uk*gan..... S'!'^"-"- VlidijgMj City •'.1 ^l>ocv 1801 SUver Creek. . . , Dunkirk i ftureJona I Cooneaut. Aah tabula Madison Dock. . . , JlKvV;::::::::-). . ^ VemillioD....... : Clwaland J .* Huron and MiJan...; I Fremont Toledo I Monroe ."I Oihrajur JTienton I-**.... Iff- Clair. , , |M«*u»w ' |B*»fW«nda JOnuidHaTen |St.Jo«ph'» , iKeooeha IWaukegBn. picago Micliigan City. Total, i. * ^ .' .•" I ^.' t^i 1» STATEMENT— Continued. Po»t». I •• •••«!• SQver Cie«k DuDkirk BaiceloiHi' Btie i"'*y Conneaut ^^ Ashtabula Madiaon Dock Pidrpoit. ••••••• Black RiTer Vennillion ClartAKod'..--- Huron and Minn. . • • Sandusky Piemont Tolodo Monroe Gibraltar .•••• Detroit Trenton ••• St. Clair •• SaginaWxx* Maeldnaw. • • • Green Bay... Bearer Islanda. ..... Grand Haven St. Joseph'! ShfAmynn . . . . • Mihraokie. ...••• • Baieine IfafUMha ....«»»».. • Waakegan Chieaco.'. .....••••• Miehigan City Canada. Total. Porte. SiJwr Creek,...'... ^™ CooneauL Artubula... ;•••••• MidirooDock •••• BhckRjter... ...... I Vermilion...^..,.. CImtend...-.: "* Haron aod Mi I SiihlMky.. .i Premwit,...;.. 2;ow«»-. , . Monroe, * fc^•••......::' i**""* i^'^'Z- I „ 'te::::.- '^{<*«pi«^ "•"r-w" *i««'»« ' S; CT" T?:^*^ , ••■....... ., City Total. i8.m 10 ,-t'^' ^' Doc. 136. STATEMENT--Conti„ued. 129 Silver Creek Dnnkirk..., BireeloM . . , Erie ,. ConneauL.,.. Athiibula.... Modiion Dock wiport ; BkckHJ»er.... Vermilion... ».. Oerelend . . . . Haron aad M| SiBdaiky.. . Pfemem,... TolediK jMonroe Gibmlear,.... lD««roil. [TfMtod....... |&.CWlr. |*«™» IMeckiMw..... ' Iifanda. , BiMdHarea.;, ./oeeph'a.... ^fojnn ■'Iwnkie _ "■• b^ TfkegM , "* Total. t ,# f '. t«.!' If H '■il^^Mii'k/.t''- "*'"'." 190 H. Doc. 13^* STATEMENT-^ntinued. Stone. Starch. Boxes. Sdrer Creek..... Punkirk Barcelona Eriev T Conneant. . i . . . • - Aeht***"'* Madison Dock. > Fairport • • • " Black River . . . • i Vermilion »•• i Cle»el"n*:V/i'*" Huron and Milan fcndusky..** Fremont Toledo Monroe I'" » ^•^ • • •• • ' i»aoee**e**« Grand HaTcn.... Bt. Joeeph'a...' Sheboygan I Milwwkie \ "; Bacine Kenosha . . Waukegan | j Chicago Michigan City 461 Canada. ' Porto. a'Irer Creek. >, . . Dunkirk.,..::: Erie : •• ConneaDt......* — :•• Afhoibuia :;•••••'•• MadiionDock.....*'**" 'finver':::-'---'--! y«iMHioa..... CterehDd Huron and Milan" , Smdutkr i KoS::::::::; ' iMoaroe ' .oibmiear...:: :: j ITrenion...... — • h .5S!f"-'-' SL,** «X:*'"* • P«iidHa»eii.;;; •••••• N-pii'.....:: ' b"^" * K.::::::::: •— •• Nvn ;;; » :'•• -r. ' / - -« * • • - * * i ' - ■ •,i|B4'„.,„ i.^W;''S»»!i,., iditi!^':^iiiiii V , - ' a ^! Doc 13^ ; 1st Porta. Sdw Creek ?'"''';'•'••. BirceloiM E"e Conimut Athtabula Madifon Dock aS:::::::- , Huron and Milan ' \^<"ky ;; Fremont. JToiedo **•• pa---:.-:::.- •««' ....:: \r^^ .wriZid;****-- prwdHareo. ;;;'••' |fM« : L* t-N.»::::;;::::: L.rP •••.... To**! :.. Sundriea. t^,,^, Tea. Pack, ^xe-SlSp-"^'- Cheat,, b:^ "•••••••.. ,, / I on I '"■3 -...??.:::•••••'■, . I "•••••.... • ^ a? ••••••••4 .""r--'-^v •■».., / ,., , ''•••••• ,. "'"i"l ' ** ]••» •••V". ■ • • A . . , ■ I I ■ .'. ' 8)4 ....... as . '"I 9>439 ^•i.'m •* - • ■ f . , ■ >. ^ ** 1 'fr » '. -«. 1., f , i ,*' ii ■ *',' 1^1 ' ' .'if . i r '. 132 < ■ -STATEMENT— Continued. ,.••••••• ,.••••••• ,,•••••••• ,•••••••• Silver Creek Dankirk I Barcelona... j Erie % Goaneaut . ..•'•• Ashtabula Madiaon Dock. . • Fairport Black RiTer Veratt'l'O" ...••• Cleveland.... •• Huron and Milan Sandusky • Fremont Toledo , , Monroe * Detroit Trenton ■ St. Clair... Saginaw Madcinaw Type. IVamiah. Boxes. 1 Barrels. • •■■•*• ■•••••• •.::::.:*.. - »•• ; t ••••iv- ;; ao4 ae ono .. '• 1. I I- Silver Creek... Dunttrk.... Barcelona....; Erie ;;; I- Conneaut...,' A.huibu/«::::: •■ Madiwn Dock fw'port... • a«AR.r«::;:: •• Vermilion...'.. ■ Cleyelmd....; •• Huron aAd Alili^ •• s-tf-kf..... !?::::••• •• Fremont •• Toledo... : ••■ Monroe....;; G*«Jta,... ;;■;; — Tkaroii ••• Tienton.. St-Clair... !••• oagimLv •••• M«ki«Mw..;; tv OreenBav.. •••«... o-MdHaven.:;::;:-!-- , 'liie«o . I - iMichSanCitv I ' BL Doe. 138. STATEMENT-C„„„wa. 1 13d * i * Porta. 8il»er Creek. ^"^•'k BiineloM ^» Conneaut...... Aihtebula Madi8on Dock BlaclcR,Ter fete;::::- Huron and idiha. ^liMky. Fremont T«"«:::::;: •'•• ToiaJ »' 1 ' ^ * ' t f Hf ;■•,•* ^ .-> '■I •5 < S » 1 III 1 I *. ' ♦ ... i - a I'-'k" <■ « • *«, fl > ■.'#l-'/l ♦ i'! i X i^ .U: II m^ 134 STATEMENT— Continued. Ports. SlTer Creek... ••• Daukirk Barcelona • Brie Conneaut • • • Aehtabula Madi«>nDoei3t.... Pairport... Black River.....' Vermilion I',*"6 nM CleTelaiid...;.....; } ^'^^ Baron and Milan.. ...•••••• Bandiuky ^.bw Fr«aont 'T**'i"Q4i Toledo 'I '''^ Monroe... • •••••••• Gibraltar Detroit Tnenton.. •••••••• 8t.^Clair ..^.••••' aKinitw •••■ adtinaw... Green Bay Beaver lalande Grsnd Haven Bt. Joieph's Blieboycan Iitilvaakie Bacine Kenoaha Waukegan Chicago ilioh^ City Canada . . . Total. Porte. Silver Creek IJunkirk ■"••• Ir^"- ::.::: *"« , Conneaut Aihtabula Madison Dock Vermilion •*• Cleveland...;;.;; ■ Huron and Milan S.nduik7..7..: S:*^::;;::;;; l &;•;;;::: •- -fitctair..... : :;->>^ Htekinav OitwBav I Betver hit QriiKi Haven™:::: (• a-Joeeph'.. : • pn &•;;;;;: •••••• Hldlimn Citw • • • • I . « . Total. CwroM-HociE. BorrAio. r'-t.^' f^i^-. *^t4A''f» ^ PorU. SX?!!':::: gr^- ::::::::: 'MW - H. pocj. 136. STATEAfENT^ontinued. 135 ^•«on woocU. »»«»•• I Spoke.. Ipiece. Felloe.. *, f > v>. <• \< ,: f <.< [iteoort.. : •••• w.«k««ii • •••. i Kf'*«8M- ,. r '•^ .'..... (^roM-i HOWB, Borrn.0, fiiirutTji la, 1852. .'J.* 't ** si' > ' • *" '"I WM. KETCHUM, CoUectar. '-V »* i. IM H. Doc. 136. tAc 31<« December^ 1851. ^ RECEIVED AT BUFFALO. ArticlM. AihM. Ale. Ala • Alcohol Barley Beef Beef Beef Balrk. Bacon and hams Bacon and hams Bacon and hams Bacon and hama Bacon anil haras , Bacon and hams Beeawax Beeawaz Beeswax Broomi •'• Brooln-confi ' Broom-corn Books.' Boots and shoes... Bladders Butter • Butter gutter utter Butter • Beer-pumps Beer-bottles * Bath brick Brick..." ••• Brick • Bones.... Bonn '*•• Bristles Bristles Brandy •.•• Brandy ........•.••••,• Buffalo robes ..... Candles CarpetinK ••• Gwriages • Cedar posts Cedar posUa. • Cement Cheese duantiues. Packages. Cheese Cider I.........* Cigars Coal Copper Copper Copper. • ......•.* 13,721 casks ' 63 barrels 39 dozen bottles 769 casks 16G, 188 bushel 54,414 barrels 6, S)23 tierces 366, casks 1» packages . . . 23^ boxes....... 4,915 tlhrrels 1,793 tierces 3, 540 casks 95 hogsheads . . . l,2844.ton8 351 barrels .... 9 casks...... 33 boxes 3,31)0 dozen.... 5^338 b«les.,,... 81 tons 340 boxes 84 boxes 7 barrels 19.351 kegs 1,2-^9 firkins:... 1, 156banels... 18 casks 8 hogsheads Pounds. Value. -- I ,••••• •••• 9 •♦ ],600s*» ••• • 37,800 56 tons. 5 tons 373 hogsheads . . 10 sacks 20 casks 4 hogsheads . 4 casks 3,346 bales 3,551 boxes 57 rolls 171 1, 530. ......•••. 43 cords 531 barrels.... 163,099 boxes 7(11 casks 63 tons. ...Tr, 84 barrels ...< 57 caMS .... 17,009 tons 540 barrels... 9431 tons. 15 1 6,860,500 . lb,600 720 384,040 7, 977; 024 17,413,480 2,488,800 178,000 13.900 70,800 1,348,800 716,800 1,770,000 66,500 3,568.500 38,550 2,700 3.200 23,800 1,047,600 16,500 10-2,000 ' 5,040 3,100 1,935,100 122,900 289,000 7,200 .4,800 100 1,600 3,220 151.200 112,000 10,000 113,500 3,000 «00 §291, SSO 388 16,50 116,333 531,894 6tt 8,8» 3,01 - 6S,8n 8,5« 3,3(1 1 M - 4,300 194,760 106,530 1,140 119,700 97,800 156,300 i»«e»«s»se«a«»* 596,280 35,200 11.41)0 34,018,000 1,311,500 C8,| Articles. Cofleo., Com ..*.,'.'.' Coro-meal ....|| Cotton IW'^ Cnnberriea. ... D«er..kins... • Ewhenware..::. Earthenware.... E.rthenw««.. : Eggs ::; i^Mieis Felt Fidi ;;;;•• Firewood \" Ptax and hemp." flaxseed...!!;; Flaxseed .*.**** Flour — • rVait, green.:;: fViut,dried Fiuil, dried ;:; Fruit, dried....; ft"" dried. ; Furniture....;;;;; Faniiture ;; furniture ;;;;; &■;:: ••••.'.!.*.':: F«„ GiMen^;;;;;;;; Gineeng . . ;;;;;;; •■ Gl..,..f. (Aim • Gins ;;„:;;;; GiMiware.;;;; Glais ware...; Giaii ware...,/ Glue ' GuMB .';;" ' Onodstones . '.V,'.\\ I Giinditones , . ; ; Jam. Hiir ...!;•; h3J,. Hidi, JHide.; High wine,:::: IHomedcatUe Hows.?.. iHop,... ; pwre™ iHwdware.. iHtrdware. iHudnre I ,?^i» H* Doc. I3«, STATEMENT^^tinued. RECEIVED AT BUPPALO. '^■\ "^^'f^-'-"-' 137 'Article!. Coffee-, Com ::.;•; Corn-meal ;• Cotton . CwDberriee. ... »««^*wos....:::' Evthenware '.* Earthenware Earthenwa/.....; Egp f«M>er>........ Pelt pSh pi«wi^'.:::::: Flax and hemp. ..'.*. Flaxaeed... ii««ed.. ...:::: Flour £"«.f'een.. .' ::; ftai^Jried F'uMried... ; Frui«,dried • FVuii, dried. imuun .• :::: Fpiniture fi'miture.... :: Fun. fZ.::: F««.....:;::; , Qimng.. Ginaenl : Gm«en|. ; 6l.a...f. (JU Glial ;;;; Giww.re.:::;: Glaae ware Glaasware*"*^ •• Glue. .!.?••"'• G««>..... ;;;;;.•.* iGrinditonea ■ Griddatone..;;; iHati gHair.. IhI;:::: iHidi,... ;•• iHide..;.. *•• |H«hwin«.:::::;: iHog.. iHomedcatUe JHoD i ;: , 5,938,746bu.he; a. 929 barrel. 310ba)M..: »30bale..';.;;' 154 caska... *[,''' 3 barrela ..'.'*" lo eratea ^ . ll.«ab«rreC;::;-; 3, 336aacks.. 1.057rolla.. .r•••• 9,981barwle..::•• „ SScorda... • 2.471bale«.;... •• iI3ton..... :••• Flour:::::::::::::- |;„j:8^?K, •' fei.-^- :::::::;;::::l *'''I:SI £:;;:£•'••••• 153ba,kel.:::'"" 303a.cka.7 327 bo,"::: IfeSiiSpackama...:; „ a (ona ..:... 2.fffpack..::::::. 2aabarr«l. **«oarrel8.^ 3.JSKf.! IQ . ••••••• iHtona Ii830boxea :' 61Icaaka.... 710 package..:::: »?&v j.^g »--.;:::::: };&«•.::::::::• ISOcaaea .... ^ b'SI Im::::::-:::- »^o?i&t:::- (■w pieces 333,469. 632, 139. 198, 13U. 81, 15,600. 166, 10, 3,994,; 164,( 1,337.! 648, 262,786, 210,1 528,850 487,100 *.. ■ ••••••.., 245,900 ■••••..... 22,710 195,250 Valui. „ #530 2; 672, 436 5.858 13,950 8.503 46,500 21,609 '4,258,110 2,108 iHardwre... iBanlware.. iHiidware. iHudware.:: I •.... 533,100 29,100 259,650 •••• , 3,921,300 9,001) 109,200 , '••• ;. 3.478,950 32.600,800 9,769,700 5.156,400 2,100 901,750 ,;3fi5 M,310 I 30,598 4.500 1,0»S 188; 76S 627,800 S35,011 ••••••« " • ■ • « .720 784 4,304 18,849 .. ; 'I i'*. ' .'■ ^ I r '*." > , *.'*♦■' f tl \ r ^T^ tt: I > f- fr *>' in- ■■ip» 188 STATEMENT— Continued. BEGEIVBD AT BUFFALO. Articles. dti amities. • • • • • • • • Packages. Iitrti .,...• * Iron •■* Iron .••• Iron Nails, i • Lard Lard .«•••. •••• Lard ..••.••••..•»•...*•• Lead .......••«*•■***'*** Lead ......^ Lead pipe .........*••**** Leather ...••• Leather Lumber, black walnut .... Lumber, black walnut .... Lumber, black walnut .... Oak timber ■ Oak timber. Oak timber ■ Ship-plank Lumber Shingle bolls. Laths Shingles Malt Machines Machines • • Machines MattressA Merchandise • Merchandise Merchandise > < Medicines l^ruti NuU NuU Oats Oil Oil Oil-cloth Oil-cake < Oil-cake Oil-stones Paint (day) Paint (lead) Paper ■ Pi;;)*' / si.-^^- •^ H:; Ilo*< ntona.... 833 barrels , 2 caaka. . Pounds. 91,850 Value. t3,638 ■ -•••••r.fl \ 3,192,910 •ataaaaaaaaaei 270,568 60,675 Baer-pumpa 4 barrela. SCO bales.. 16 boxea. 4 boxes. ' 600 40,001 3,200 2U0 « • • •• aei,«(| 11,923 6,330 kegs.. 56 barrels . :k: B^r-bottles Bath brick Bl*k ,Sr^ BoMa Benea Bristles BiriatKs Brandy., Brudym Buffalo robea Candlea Carpetiap Car|iag«. Cedar poets Cedar poata ...f... CaUMiit. 'If* • Ohcaaa OSawe :•««. Cheeaa Cider .........•«..•...•...••• 30.000. 639,800 190 2,400 m 160 63,700 .'.t. :!^: Coal... Copper Copper. Copper. • • Couoe .•••............*...... Com ....•..•.•........•••••• OonMueal .... ..••...•••••.•• 11 bales.. 8 boxes , 3rolU.. 3 120,000 1,100 240 90 9,100 Articles. ISO J • •••••• ••• •• A* 178 boxea (,■»• 9 caaka .,. 11 barrela 766 tons 6barr«la 9niaaaea 1 aacK ......... 4,697 bushels 6 barrela ....... isaaa»aa«#*ei iea«o«********** I. 904,160 3,300 limooo 4,000 100 963,0.12 1,996 m H m 20,! Cowon... Cnmbernee, ,. . ^ Deerskins \\\ ' Earthenware. ..,.,"1*' Earthenware * Earthenware [\" Seri'.V.V.'.'.'.;""^* Felt "l" Fish !..;;.;• Firewood \[ | * ' * Flax and hemp .... J " * * Plaxaeed '"' Flaxaeed !!.'i"' Plaxaeed ." ." * Flour .'.'.'.' Prait, ereen .'!!'"" Fniif,dried .*.'."" FruitjWricd ' |Pftti»,dtied .'.'i!!'* Pruil, dried .'.'.**.**" I Furniture .*.'.'.',"' I f\iriiiture !!!!"*" I Furniture ' IFuii JFiiM. .....".""■ J fur* [| jGinaeng .*.'.*..' JGinaeng |"* iGinieng Kkv lOlin ['/'" ICHiii »are....,''*|** ware .'.'.'.'.'." I ware *' I ware ..,'.'* iiue....; plnwe .W ' «f»lones .".'.'* tiiidatones . . . . Ill ■_'' •if'. ........'. '„" Nm .'.*.'.".*.!.* **;.■.*.*;; Mk wines. .*.*!.*'.'.'],\\'* N««to.'.'::::;;:. :::;:: fc'V • • Md hoofs...'"* **■"•• ' . .V.V ' " ' * * '*' inn mil *^ •••"-""::; ,: '■ t... ' Articles. H- Doc. 106. STATEMENT^ontinued. RECEIVED AT DUNKIRK. Quantities. 141 :':-5»;" •••••••••a. ■•••#• ' ♦ r •••• 545 barrels' .' * I 2 bales.... a»lfe"""'''"\} 1 barrel. .'.'"" I 03ha..~.i. '••IJ 1.303 barrels. il8 sacks....'.*.;;; ,',^ _ I 618 barrels.;;;;;;! Cotton Cranberries, , Deerskins . . Earthenware. Earthenware. Earthenware. Esi* Feathers .; s 5 ran,,, Fi«*0od ;• teJ:::;;;:;;;; fcl:;;;;; ••••::::: 5 ^^"^•^ jy«.'«,?rMn ;;;;;•• 61. 735 barrels... ll'^MrM ;***••• 136 barrels.. •• Fruitjjritd.. ' JPnii',dHed.. I Fruit, dried.. 1 Furniture. I Furniture I Furniture. |Far» IFirt J fun |fi!'»<"'«: ...'.'.'.*.'.■;; ■Glnieng.- iGinMog . !?.'«'• . Pour 193, 480 5,900 .-. 185,400 * 49.900 13.334,760 9i,760 :::;.... ^^-^w -'i^ I I Value. 13,230 JOO 139 9.360 ••.... 916,079 136 • . •; .i Ti { , I*. , , ■,.! ; • «• -I '■■: ■' ?: ' •? '•> ■•■ : .*; f. * 'il f :'» i ; I — •■•••..... ■niture / , "iture ;;; > 16epacka» • 1 ° : h 34 packs ►•••a, •..,1. : :::; f^^ .■ ,t ' ' 33,200 3,400 380 ICHua.... IX |fflii»»are.. ™"w«re ?!«»«re I ware. fflm....;.. Si*"'"- ; J 186 ? t—"."":::::::::::;- "«*••. I z:.\ » 9,900 3,400 89 89 1,738 •I ■'•■ "4' I n Nl 18,000 ' ■ 18,600 E ) \: i^liwines.... ) ^bundles | 173,670 *• • • • t i.oeo 188 8 ' ■ • \ ■ ' f ; 1 Ir' 142 Et. Doc. ISdl STATEMENT— Continued. RECEIVED AT DUNKIRK. ^rliclea. Ctuantities. Packageo. •*• • ••••••< . •••••••• ,«•••»• .••• ■«•••••< Nails Lard Lard Lard Lead Lead Lead pipe Leather... Leather... Lumber, black walnut Lumber, black walnut Lumber, black walnut Oak timber Oak limber Oak timber Ship-plank Lumber. . . . 6hingl« bolls. . . . Ijatna ••••*..* • Shinglea Bitalt. «•.....*'•. Machines Machines Machines Mattresses Merchandise Merchandise Merchandise Medicines Nuts N*U..... nU OftI oa....*. '•^ Oil ' Oil-cloth ' Oil-cake.... Oil cake ^. Oil-stones Paint (clay) Paint (lead) Paper... '«,. Paper "V Paper ••• Pianos pluter ......••• PH* wi beana Pwritty Poaltry... Railroad ties • ••• i>rk !■• 158 kegs.., 269 barrels . 250 kegs . . • •••••a -••••••••••■-■" • ••••••••••• *•■•• • ••a« • 192 rolls • 3 boxes •aaaa»aa»»»-*»"*'***"' •••••aaaa«»»»»*»*"**** .•••ae>aaa« .••••••••• Pounds. 15,800 342,250 Value, • •••aaa* ,•• •••■aaaa*«« CO M feet. • « • aa a i 82 M feet «■••••■•■• ••■•as 245 M pieces . . . tea • • • • 39,000 ».<#aa«»»»»""-' • ••••••a»aaa"» ••••eaa,»»'»»* I • • • a • • ••aaaasaa*** ••••••■•aaa. , • • • a • • t • • • a • • 3 13 boxes , •f" 3,000,000 265,066 5,6(10 • ■ • • • 9,500 avasasaaassa } 1,073 packages . . tons 4 packages . 9 barrels . . 634 bushel* [ S33 barrels 15 boxes .....■•...'• 33 barrels 48 bundles , ^ 'otaloes ■ B*«* Raga • Reapen • Kootf Ropa Rj« a • • • • • • 1 ton ••saiaaa*** • •■»•••••••••** 1,000 67 bozca ,a»aaaaaaa»a«««- \ 243,600 300 1,500 20,288 66,600 4,500 ••••aaaaasa**** ■ ••tasaasaaaaa* i»*«a*a Baats*** 6,600 3,000 3,000 S,OUU «»«»aas«aaa**<< 4,000 l,769tbarrele ^(K»4»wal> alai^ 14 aacka. It....... ...•*. .•••••... ■ SSpackafM.... $513 27,380 18, IM ■ •aaaatiK 8,400/ 90] I a • • • •« «•(• 1/29S » a a 9St 56,4SI 48 SI w 5,Sit sot • • *1 n| 7(81 30II '1 I 4U 564.000 •••taaaaaai 3.800 1,000 i.'ioo e aa •••** 1. ArUcles. Sttersius Safcratus l/SittM^ei ]][ Sheepskins [ Sheepskins .....*.' Steep • EkSU. ......*.«...««,,, ^ OMu...... ■••.,,( S«*d Stone.... I Stone , Sosp Swn* \Si*rth J SuiTes Store bolls .*;;; tef"" |T«ilow n^ \™ ITobhcco.... te:::::::::::::::::" |T»nf ues | ] l^P* jpe Viniieh Ventering. .....,.,..*'*" Tue , !!*** ffire ..,,.*,"" Wde ......,* H'm I" Vtun .'.'".*"' loo! N ".*.'.'*.'.'*' Fooden ware Wbiocks :::::i: ^f'^" ? ' fvm woods. .* * * *.' .' .' * * ■ [ [ ' Toul pounds Tons of 3,000 pounds.. . /. i .4 H. Doc. 13^ STATEMi;NT->Continued.| RECEIVED AT DUNKIRK. •"',' '■ Articles. Qaantitiea. •m Packages. Pounds. Value. Silaralas /Sateratus Sheepskins ,. Sheepekins. .*.*.'.".' { • I IS I * "::::::::::::::::!:::P "•"-'••^..... " ''bundles ,.) * 1,062.. N a^ ..|i I *»"« r p ^":::::::::::::::: M 1''°'" id:;::::.- If '"«"- I Smre bolls I Sundries iTillow 5,000 •."•....•. 1,400 85, 000 U« Ti" ^^'^ 4,a« Tobhcco •; !••••• Tob«co..... ::::::::;• ^^^s-head..::.--/ C"^"" ^"p* V^Y yttnm 9«»-i.::;:::;P Veotering Tire. . . . • ^*" • '..II l)>ackage8... \^ £ r 3 boxei.....V. i,™«.Ku-i.. I 40 packages 133, 700 2,880 32,300 300 »'«66,530 656,600 460 18,588 135 1,050 ToUl pounds Tons of 2.000 pounds (.... > | ."flZli!^ 14,667.879 J' Uf . / • ' » * t. J , { .;* t. .f ;" .. if;,';?'! :; ;' t*iT t ' » W li' ''■' «.i. ' >'' f ^ki rw~~:njrrH t1- f ' 144 H. Doe. i3«. STATEMENT— Continued. RECEIVED AT TONAWANDA. Articles. Aahea. Ale. Ale. Alcohol. . . • • Barley .......•.•• Beef... .......•••••••• Beef.... .i "• Beef • iw . • • Berk Baeon and hama ...••.• Bacon and hama in and hama .•••... 'n and hama Bacon and' hama Bacon and hama Beeawax duantitiea. Packagea. 1,168 casks. *•••*•' !•••••' 1, 420bu8hel8 1,803 barrels.. A.. • #«•••••••••••■• ^• Butter ** Butter ...«•• Butter Butter ........... Butter BeeM>umps ••• Bcer>botiles Bath brick hriek ••««••••• •••••••••••••■••» '•••••••••••*••***■**** »•■••••• 137,817 • •■• ••••••••»<•••••• as««*>«***ee*********' Brick, Bones BonM •••••••■< BruiUfii !•••••♦• ••••••• (•••••a«a»«tse» Bristles . •••■•••••••••• ■ • (•■••••••••• 13,791 •••••• ■••••**••••• •a«s*aa»*««*s««s** aa* ••••••••••••••• •••••••••••••sss* •••••••• Bnuidy ; Brandy • Buffklo robes •a«««*«»««»»«a««« (Indies ■• ••••••••••••••••••••• Carpetini^ • • • Carriages.-. ... Cedarposu... Cedar posts... Cement .•.••••.•••.«• wiieeso. •*•«.•. •....i««tf««««*«* lOneeae. ..■•.••••••.••••••••••* Cneeae .•••...••.••*..••••••••• C/ider. a..«. «•«•••••..••••••*• Ciffara ••••«. .t ••••••••••*••***' -CO a l-i » « »*^M ■ » ■ ■ » n t t t » f f •S j9JL 9 . * - \. Copper* •■••••...•....•••*••••• Copper. •••••«.••«••...*... ••• C^wpor. ..•*•«•••..••.>•••*•••• Conee. ..•..•••«••• ..••••••••• • voriHDMal. •••••#••••#• •■••••• •••.•«« I. •••*••.< ....•.•..•as.* • •.••••*• .....I ••..*••.••••• a ...•••••.•••a. • •••.*•••••••• \- .•..*•.•••...••■■ »..>.«■ *..*. ^^ m-* - M.M..». M . ft. t t a t.i.± t ■ 5l07,773bttshela 76,683 .••••.. a....**' .■»».#....as..> .•■•*• ... <••' a ..••■! . • a • • • • •a «••... a.*.** •..•a*l.*««**«** «..■...•••••*•* a. •.•••#*•••••«< ll,835,S88 sii • • Iff ••*•* ■*■':'■ ** Articles. r >• Cotton ^ Cnmberries . . . ' '.' " " DaeMkins........ Earthen wai« ...'.*.*.' Earthenware. ,..'."'"" Euthen wore.,.. "^" '.***' 2bb" rtii : i2::;::::--^-.-., nrewood,:.:.'.::;---- •• IfUueed........ iFIaxtted .'." * '• ■ inuKed '** Tloar..." _'* •• £rait,ereen ....'.".V £niit,dried * ' f fait, dried.,...* ' futitUan •••♦••». vniiture ••••••».. liture * *• wm L. C;: •' V 8 «•».... c—^ ::::::: ^ "^v.v:::::::" •••••• I ware **••*••••... iware.. : «.. ; Miioneg ^•.■.•.■.■.••••■•••••■•■•■••.•:;::;: fc;;---:::;:::;::;:: c • , ; kwines... I J... ••*. !■ •Md hoofs... 2 ''''''-':d- ^' -T::r:r. I li '-I.. ..<..-"' STAtEAffiiVT^Continued- U5 fi. ' • «' - Cotton ^ /^ c«"'«'T'e ;.::: DMMkins..... • |.... . Ewhenware. V' Ewhenware Earthenware... E«rthenwaro.. "*"' FeatheM K»h . Fiievood, ..'\ * * • J. ">, ' • I f ■ j ' I '' ' ' li"!' •'■ft. t 1. I,' i • 4 I. i i > 'M i;;.'53fe'>'<'' '. . ; •r^^ %: .*'' I li* ■ •tv, '%^ H^ Doc. 186 ^f^TA»EMENT— Coatinueflp RECEIVED AT TONAWAND| V • ».*;■. •••••• « • •• «•••••••_• ,, ,.i • y M ...•• '^"^* »»••■•• :!h.013.849feet..;...Via ^4.516,500 1 141,5W 45,425,1)00 1 515,85i ib■* ■"VA^^ K y'. \ • I' ■ '■'' " i^' X .i''.' ■'■4 ■''"^ #, ^'> T *^'' .V '^ Til *. V S'iim :Wp 14S r^ H. Doc. 13e. STATEMENT— Continved. Aggregate quanti- ties received at Buffalo, Dun- kirk, and Ton- awanda. Aggregate value of each arti- cle received at Buffalo, Dun- kirk, and Ton- awanda. ■•••••••»••••••' *.;' ' ••• ••••• ., •• • »••»• • ••••• • »'. •• i •* * • • ••••■•* >•■••« Ashes, Ale* • • • • • Alcohol.. Barley . . . Beef. Bark Bacon and hams Beeswax '. ••••," Broonns Broom-corn •• '• Books Boots and shoes • Bladders Butter...... .••• Beer-pumps Beer-bottles. |"«'^ :...:: ..../.... Bones Bristles • • Brandy Buffalo robes Candles . , Carpeting • • • Carriages Cedar posts Cement. . . .^°. . • Cheese Cider. . > . Cigars <3oal ;•" Copper..'. •"• ' Cofiee ....•••••• Com •....«••••• Corn-meal. .« /* Cdtton ^ Cranberries Deer-skins. .//• Ear«k«Jmber Itt'"':::;:::::: ■'•■ iSK".'* '■• I ^ \u^.' '•••' • MeKbandise ••*•••• 2? [oS.: Mdo^:: £"••••'••••••-•::: M...::::::::::: fim* huut Pe«i and beans. ^ M^j: ■.■.';; )^» ::::;:: ^H::.:: ^^ lJ^ .....^ ' «"::::::"*'■•■' •'^• ^■■■■■.-£:: " 4b" ' 5 : .m... ^. jjj* , ^~ H. Doc. 186. STATEMENT-Contin,,,: 149 Articles. ^ Buffalo. Du'' ,7 """^h arti. a Wanda. I P",""'"' !>"«- awanda. Aide* Hifhwines Hog ;.' ; Horned cattle.;. 2^ >• ^* Hop* H^P* • &Z?.~?;;;;;••••^^^■.■.•.•::.•.■:':.•;.•.■;.••••.....• & ••;•.■.•.•:::::.•.•::::••• :■•.";::: ""* f'*™* •.. ., Lead Lewi pipe..., X^atiier. ........ . ■''•••••.•.... i Lumber.,bl«ckwalnu;:::: C*.'."" I Mdmber ^ Lumber ••'•••I •••••• :. • .".■..... ••• .•••...., jiiTj,'"" ei-""--::"-"::::;:;ii;;-----"^ Im!^°'''~ Uf^" ::::::::: |or::::::::; *"::::: loji ••. fe:::;- •.:::::::::: fcU::::::::::::::::::::: ::::;;;::::;: K .......v.-; kZ fe"-:::::::::::;::;:;;"---""::::::;:::::. ^p >»-...::■■•• 2r-.- 1^ * '. C:::: "y c? fe;— ;::; ' .J,. .; ■••••., *■*•*•*-•••» • i^ , rr»^i^ S, : V ^Oiindi.u 3,666,560 22,882, 700 11.244.000 6,029,400 2,432,000 2,J00 204. 750 „ 211,030 15,418,260 . 410,900 4, 759, 997 1,622,160 3,600 962,406 .3,706,500 12, J59, 600 ^„ 851,000 290,948,000 465, 750 \ u^ 510. ?90 \ If 331 ,800 \ 26,880 161,253 5,460 929, 900 33, 700 162,280 36,637,760 2,074,860 . 11,400 4,004,419 3,120 1,940,500 %I,200 11,00§ 182,000 194,780 „ 8, 0.-iO 3,54,6,800 11,790,240 „ 821,040 2,130,900 232,200 30,300; , 21, 800i .1,088,360 198,210 , 11,500 J» 490^600 •••v'iv.'.*.*.-.;.;".;::: , J M.. ... ' ••-•• 3 .lT" • ^ ■^^ "'" ^ ^. 597, 460 *« , 815,178 f 4^711.390 W. 26,850" "f,70 #197,700 631,637 730,840 301,470 182,400 784 4,400 19,173 301. 43« ^3317 #387,419 81,1 - 786, L 14,000 225,082 " 9,511,858 3,105 4,153 16,687 806 11,718 1.093 170,000 1,388 , 3,471 343,478 173, 657 2,888 30,;: ^,976 66, 784 ^,100 553 2,930 814 4,909 445,188 8,913 53.1879 58,000 1.010 3,860 11,661 13,715 559 iWtOW 49,990 54,596 9H75 1.074 8,936 -• ']^^^^^ 111 ' :,S' IL Doc. lift. 'j:MENt— Continued. Arlictei. 0tmtm '■%K Aggregate quanti- Ageregtie tMM received at of each Buffalo, Dun- kirk, and Ton- awanda. , • ',"'j' I •••••••• • '«K.n.— i.TiIlow • WfttM. ' f'Tm * i I • •••••.< • Tongues . Tripe... • iType *■ ",* . 'VMBidi.. ....• "'^ ••••• yenoering... •■ " WaWfe^ ..... ite Talm arti- cle received at Buffalo, Dun- kirk, and Ton. awaiids:-^ •••.......••.■ • • •■ ...• ...... Wine. •••• Whwt :}• J. •* Wool. Wooden ware ' ' Curriere; blocke HandBpi''^' Oan W. ••• Wago<^«oodirr.... ' ■ «•••••••• Total ponndi Tona of 8,000 pound Pownift. f 0,150 5.580 6.6go 2, 148,001 72,320 10,080 11,300 4,000 7,800 68,400 8,380 350,045,260 13,166,831 ",510 UO r.800 3,346.520. 119,152 1,718,720,366 -#*♦- 4 1 859,369.366 ♦48,^^1 2,232 m 3,3!I0 3,265 1,017 300 190 9,M7 2,™ 14, 411 J 8S5| in -- 63, W) 34,939,411 Recapitulation that from and shipped the year ending } m .. ''^ -^ V 8 , * * » '^ r+j ''^•v-»^-^--7" H. Doc. 136. 1^1^ Recapitulation thomne- thf ti^t^i / » from and shipped to^he w^Z^TdVtf ^^"^''^ ^^ «'^ Property received th. vear^l.. n,.._ . ^J^rd^m the iutnct of Buff Ao tS'duri^ jrom ana shipped to the westward in the year ending December U, 1861, Tona of a,ooo Value ' pounds, ' " Rixejredat — . Buffalo..; Dunkirk... :::'^-- Touawanda ' r li'l^ 131.889,931 ?Z'?38 I 4,000,000 Totals...... I .Jllf^\,^'^,W^ ShippBd at — Buffalo •■ • oankirk .....•.•.•.:•";•• •.... Tonawand..,..:...;^:;;:;:;;;;;.;........,....... 204,536 15,867 5,037 44,301,730 5,394,780 1>692,4S3 - "'^^- '•« CciTOM-HoosE, Bornto .. < 7 - ^'»"««rj,l9;«rti2. 4 N •\%l WM. KgTCHUM, Ccttutor m> «S»tiVfc '^.^ % "■■/ li^ff^fi'-'- ■"* '.' -*'', ' -1l Wt H. Doc 186. An account of the principal artielts of Jory;nfroduce, groxvth, and mantir factwre, exported to the British North Jinencan colonies, tn British mi, American vessels, fr(m the district of Buffalo Creek, Jar the year ending December 31, 1851. Articles. Quantity. amkrioan VBiSBLS. Tga, . pounds Coffee... ^"•-- Dry goods - - • Medicines - — • — Crockery ...... Toys. Tin plate , -boxes. . Raisins pounds. Lemons .... . ooxes. - Nuts y. ^. - . . pounds . Eepper ...U. 1 . - -do 143,457 46,849 Oranges /^'l-./ . .boxes. . Pimentot . , pounds. Logwood "^ — Currants..., do... Cassia do... Indigo 8(?5 2,901 9,663 , -Jif #■ 156 OD t S . (5 ■* * 1 OD I OJ 3 ?^ (N c* >(0 ^ OQ o 'f o (j» « i-i iS ^ as j: >5 «» ^2 MOW ■^ OD f* i? h 1 -^ o ■ii ^ . nt s. I =^ i I ll 1 m tit ■H .1 r^ ' "^^^HM , :; 1 ^ " i ■'% ■* i i N Staves and JumTer ants or upward, /: ^hore of Lake Erie Oleveiand loo P formed by the p'rJie ;vh,ch was former], however, partiaJJyr^ government, by. 4,- jtiiatmostoftbeWcv, now readily enter iP. J i fie peninsula of J ^land, the wash of th f 'e iiarbor havinr. tvv Hj deepened, %„, Menthofwateror «> har5or much more brciught Kn-k the p t^n vessets whic-h ^''ecusfomed to,;.o W U-ana fron, Erie to j fc.«< tJ"' Ntate. IV f agricultural resntir ^ harU much more '' "' P'-"^^^'nt, f, fron ei It^'^'^ ^^^ept^a'^J" . ;p the one or "^ •'"nimcrce of the ."" vt^'sselS which rr.,/' '' '*^ tl ;'.^«"«ton,ed to .0 ,W £'''"' ^'"'^ ••• I '•^^•wyiiimtcd ^^'"^^'- quarter /'•" i»- M i»r, 1 ) * $1 ' • t < * ; :t^ '. ■ "^ uiv nuner/il ■....i ^ ' "miot Ir.nrr .. • ^'^ "'struts • hm d' ■ ♦•■ fir I » t< surplus for cxportution. ^ principally of assorted rner- The importations ^r ^^r^AfHcturc's of iron, amounted to- cha^dise, tlour, fish, and manuiactures ^ ^ ^ ^1^79,913 UmpoTts coastwise 3,455 n foreign 1,983,308 Total importation '' __ : — -^-^ ^ • . V.vnnrts coastwise . . - -» _ _ _ 15,415 of Exports »* foreign... Xotal exportatiou- 2,222,997 Theei^irecommereeoftlie^ortamo^ The cb.acter,aiid ^: tables hr the sehcs ot year. as ua: med : . pounds 8,507 4G,G61 G5,4a5 21,534 123*370 476,922 Coal Leather 1'"^;; _,_ 18^00 " ' / 150 yCheese Stoves \llailroad and bar iron.. tons. mass pounds. ^ iV ...tons. g<^"?P .tbns. Pig-iron Y. i Iron and nail*^ "'" m" Staves --j^ Lumber --'•■-- ,„ -r*"-" ■.v.bati;:: V.- 83 1,168 3,324 Beef. Barley. .bushels. ^«^'"S'----- ■■"bushels.: ;^°™; .pounds., ^•■"■"•••-■-%"- Flour **®V- Feathers....... -PO^*^- 560 4,448 .^.i I. i 14,075 2,546 16,300 35 2,272 110 54,041 2,088 323 The E • ^^ — - — -_ 1 '^^^ effect is seerin"'tr "^^"^^ ^^^^ '>eon in .~~T~^-— '-— ^-_ The , , andXfcr ^""^^'^^--'. «nd ^^^.'^^^ ^>^ note, thtt The tables folJowhic,^ [, '"'""''^-^ «'"iJiis port is 7 ««r' "°«^^ward. M detad, with value tonn ^*""^ ^'-^^''^it the cv ,1 '^^^ ^""«- CANADIAN ........ , ''''^^*^ete. JnWican vessels Jn Jintish vessels CAJ^ADUJ^ TIUDE I.V ^, ImportB. -^^419 00 16 00 I>Bty coJIected. $84 00 4 00 .In American vessels in JJntish vessels '^"'^"^''"^in^oZ =i^l"? 88 00 / 671) 839 Total imports ^ ' ' , . » witish vessels pKL"^S?--*; Value. 5^1,342 1,678 ^ «i2,385 3,080 /15,466 ^14,1 46 ' > i W if '^ d "^ican, steaili.. ''^'tezl.. Tonnag^ *^geHnmrd. •\- • ' ^_ ^- Tow. •-••-'^. U 1,039 'e 7JJX ,:;i^^ 164 H. Doc. 186. (}Ktward. m A-merican, sail pritish, sail..- Lalcc rcce'm Merchandu^nd sundrie Flour ..-•- , -Water-lime - ■ - Fish.: Salt y" Salt • Railroad iron ' Railroad spikes Limestone No. 33 6 Tons. 3,205 721 " -*« *" "" ^;-^toS2,600 pound, «,800,000 . - - '■ Hops . - - - Iron ox6 . 9,839 barrels 984 " 4,G46 " 21 246 " 10,200 bags 1,816 tons 664 kegs 340 cord^ 66,633 pounds 670 tons ital Wool.. Butter. "Cheese coa^twkcatthcfort^i^ne, Jrcn j -• 486,303 pounds 989,062 416,696 19,396 Leather '.'. . 102,706 Swrch .. 1,071,694 Stoves and hollow ware ^2^,(^12 Iron, bar, &c / : ' . 2,876,000 Merchandise and sundries 351,985 Glass ; ■ . . 221,514 Glass ware. - . ' 116,000 Oil-cake . • Oil-cloth . . Salseratus. Flax Malt .'..-• •JJaUow >. ■ Fire-brick. u t( li (t (i il (I Shingles Corn Oats Barley Dried frui%. i::: 37,460 9,662 30,969 77,800 ' 31,700 ' 31 M 'i21 " 14,389 bushels 64,041 11,822 894 10,442 Rye Coal Pig iron Raikoad spikes Pork Ci'icr ^ »••••■ ' ,-......-—»•-■ 944 " 356 " 110 banela 206 " 34,436 430 27,^ 21,246 1,27!&/ 81,7dO 1,692 1,610 6,653 1,995 1^,913 1851. $145,890 123,633 85,001 4,849 6,162 ^, 37,639 '- 21,620 1,100,000 . 12,319 51,206 696 7,490 483 '1,857 3,112 2,636 620 1,552 7,194 1 16,213 6,911 1,788 6,221 =228.0001 population in 1 This is u mo! to none west oj • coast of Lake I sylvania and i\n It contains, b( considerable ijuj Harbor, Afadisor This district h agricultural distr iand IS soft ancfer( cially adapted to ^owth of all the Among its inosi flour; large quant together with port but chiefly eastw cheese, large qua,, Uned for Cincinna «ties. A railway passi iake shore js nearh aportion of the co ^S^conneetrrig CI lormmga commun many Branches of i HT advanced alread »»»»•! Eggs Rye flour., !;;;■"'•• Fiour, "fiincv" Whiskey..; ., Apples. V..,; ;;*;••• High wines . Ashes . . "• NaiJs ...V.V".*.'; Lumber Oars.... Bark.... '*" ^«per...;;;;; Sheep pelts...'." Staves .. . '"•••• Hoop-poioa . . ' ' " _' " * " * ' .; Total . . . Clearaiibes coastwise ^ntruhties coastwise . .' . " ^* J>oc. 18$, 110 barrels 165 *'■ •.' .« «" 8J2 1,237 i,4ao 1.0 J 8 323 casks |,097 kegs 1,220 « , '^G2 cords 4,500 reams 705 bundles 1>492,728 pieces 758,500 \8m,2 (( «1,760 2,43G 6,666 . 8,680 2,036 3,948 12,920 24,388 128,997 33,248 524 11,260 16,920 29,854 7,585 _2,207,588 A. • 7 • i ■" ^ • '/, ■ /■ i,5Gl 1,561 ^O. U.-DISTKIOT OP CUVAHOGA. 312,200 tons. 312,200 «« i Pot f '^^^AHOGA. popuktionT7s3?Tn4*."^''- ^^"" ' ^'ititude 41° 30' Inn^v i o o TJ,,-o • "' 1»070.: m 1840 r> n^i • 7^ ' ^""^Jtude 81'=' 40'- Ihis IS a most imnorfifu Ait- ' '^^' "^ IS^O, 17,034 "-^ *" > , to none west of Tinfr!! tJ- ^"^*' ^^^'ontl in the v-ilnl" A ' *^ fi '• - >^ W It CO„,.i„,, ^..■y'*^ ™^^^^^^^^ ... , ,^-,,.. ,( J,,J considerable imnMrf. .' "*^ Pojt of entrv r.,.',^ .^' . . ♦. R'4. •♦Til? ff Harbor, Mul rS"r/"'"^ ''^^ ^-"-->t!SUur2^^^^^ T^ ?^ This district!" br its ;"?r' -ndm^ck lll^T ' ^""""^S'^^h^'b affricuIturaJ Wict..;...,. Jr. *^'*^^ <^"ountrvone oft)».fi„„„. _. , inis district has Ibr its Ivir^L- '"^"^ ^"^er. ^ - - "^'1 'n great nart w.^f !!:i .i^!? '^^'^ «f the land i. soft;ndTo ]" ;V'^^ ^/^"'« ^'^^-^'^oi^ nii^ ^r '?"'* T^^^ -«% adaptSlo^i^', f -r;! '" S-nt part w^'i^'am, fer He ." l'^ '^'^ ^owth of .,11 fi V'"'^'*^"*n <^t Irtiits -in,] , ' : , , "^' ''nd cspe- ^ An n. f ''' ''.'■'■^''1 ^•'•^'Ps. '^ veg<.tables, and to the <» 'i% '■^' '% / ' ■^/ ' ■i * i 1 . ■■ , / 4 --1 * ^ •r' IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ii o ^ .<^. y m J A /'^^^ ^ ^ ^4^ 4^ .^' ^ 1.0 1.1 u |22 :^ ufi 12.0 L25 i 1.4 IIM 1.6 ■ -^ 4. / flrot^rafiiitr ^Sciences Carporatioti 23 WBT MAM STMIT WIBSTIII,N.Y. 145W ( 71* ) •72-4503 '^ -.-iumMt , 1 / i^ # • • ' ' • r. • • , ■ - « » \ ♦ ..:;av|; , - ~ . t • 5^ r^ - , ,' ' > ' "''*'^mI ^^H 3 -*, • "^I'SSfe: ■, ^ja.i \>Mi^-H*t,^j.J^iS^ii,f''iii' ' . -.,; Hii- ,.^,4SSS.tt'-.iln5i^«, i. l^. ^ X-'^jL. ■^■iw'.- » • ^50 H. Doc 186^ Of canals Cleveland has two of great value, one connecting her ^tb ^ Portsmouth on the Ohio, and another unjting th^^J*^^^^^^^^ T^pnvpr on the Ohio— V rtuallv a canal Irom Cleveland to ruisourg, Sa^u^h as loaded canal boats are continually towe.1 by small steam- CTS from the mouth of Beaver river ta the latter city. >^ ^ Wrthree different lines of internal communication du-ect to the harKS on the coast, most of them among the best on the lakes, and ^^se from the centre of the richest of the western States, it will readily t perceSed that the district of Cuyahoga must be the theatre ol com- me?ciirtransactions, which have no small mflue^ce upon exchanges S- nrXe and merchandise in the great marts ot the seaboard. Con- nLurthe easternmost port of the district, is aboM twenty miles west neaut,tneeasiern ^^ ^^^^ name, which affords a SSir. Nol^^^^^^^^^ the commerce ot- this nort,sepa. ffiv have been received; but it Is very considerable, as Oojmeaut is Se entrepot for the landing of suppUes and the shipping of produce for aTarge and fertile agricultural region, not only of t^he ad/cent coun- trv in Ohio, but of an important section of Pennsylvania. %he nexl port to the w'estward is Ashtabula, similarly situated on a smaU s^eam^aring its own name, forming a g^Jjf ^arW, wi^h^fe^^^^^ ties equal to the requirements of the place. The town stanc^ back s^meTo or three miles from the port, upon a rise of ground, forming "" Th^SmSof tt'port for the year 1851 consisted principally of buS Tese, wool, leatfe, beef, pork, ashes, fruit, lumber,, staves &c for exports, amountbg to the value of . . . . - - -;-•••;• "-'■ '*° ' And ofmerchandise, agricultural unplements, fiirniture, hides. ^ and a Uttle wheat and flour, for unports oviy^iL Making the total declared value of the trade of this port J!^h^ . The tonnage owned at Ashtabula consists of two brigs, of 280 ton* each, several schooners and one scow, making an aggregate of 1,741 ^TuL^^Xr^r^rt^^^^^^^ moment, except '"'^^B-lt Z^ ^'^^^o the lake, in fro.t of the townof Madfson, about eighteen miles west from Ashtabula, and twelve em from Fa^rt. tor tlie accommodation of the ne ghborhood m shipping Zl8,Ser, and produce. No separate estimates ot its commerce n^^p^Jtt^icl:^^^^^^^^ which foKiishes one of the n^ eligible^arbors in the West, and s quite ^"^^'^"tly ^^STrAshtobuk trX of any western port. It is thn-ty mdes west fro"™ Ashtobua, ^d thirty east from Cleveland, and is ^^^^Jj?^ ^«»J^P W^^'l^X inir nort—Painesville, on the ridge, three nules inland from the |ake, SSe Sipal T^t and plage of busin ess, as weU as the coung t^olta^^orty It isjp^retted. tharSo particuSr^^ S^ been receivedVm-fl«i^ce, Indicating the .^o""* °f ite ^ mdrcc, tonnage, ^c, as it is a port of no little consideration, Mid holds t-ve^ty^ighVr^^'Cif ^^^^ P«« of this district, lies about Its name. Its commerce is of n^ ' ^"/''•'^ "^^'- fr«°^ which it S and public places. '""'^' """^ 'AteBpcrsed with fine squarL' As a place of business ;i;.„f I.- u- = scarce ftil to be comm^sS 'T,'^''''™! ™'' '<» ««"e g^wth mducemems a, a residence Sor S i , ""?"""« H "»« ; norCS ' «««« advancement o.an„.be;Ta?S^»rrel;i - ^ . '^ * -1 The neccssValtemUons.bcing.therSfore/madeinthefigure^^ ihe commerce of cSvahoga 4isUict, as jrepresented by Cleveland. Us port ofentry, is as follows: joo 804 169 Exports Total coastwise .$34,S30,G56 , -f . . 360,634 Imports foreign ^^ ^3^ Exports.. do » '____ Totalforeign ------ ^^'^^^ Total commerce, for 1851, of Cuyalioga (^trict.. . .•- 35^76^327 Whole number of vessels from foreign ports- Entered in 1861 J ^--- Entered in 1860 Cleared in 1851. Cleared in 1850. .322 .292 difference: gain, 30. .247 .216 difference: gain, 32. ■ The foUowing table will show the comparative business of Cleveland in some leading articles of its irade for a series of year8,jisnamed. AU these are exports : Articles. 1847. Flour barrels Wheat bushels Com bushels Oats bushels . Pork barrels. Beef barrels. Butter pounds . Lard pounds . Coal tons. Ashes barrels . Whiskey . barrels. Tallow pounds . Baccn^ ...pounds. Staves ... thousands . Wool pounds. " 697,663 2,366,263 1,400,332 32,000 27,289 8,246 917,090 480,160 8,242 2,062 12,067 140,000 840,900 1,378 676,933 I, 1851. 1848 472,999 656,040 1,267,620 2,141,913 6^0,162 906,653 264,707 68,464 28,338 13,680 10,321 26,944 1,927,300 1,550,900 1,140,600 1,730,700 11,461 81,500 440 1,830 28,460 38,774 198,000 1,164,600 789 773 8,939,lil0 To this table may be added an export for the year 1861, unJaMmj to fimner years, of uve hqgs, 80,000. I It will be remeir cedenfed demands caused the exporrai that any diflerence must be ascribed to of demand for I847 The valuation of above named, is thu I.-..- ^'ti^%^-K*i>iM iP Ilfieri8<|. It wiU be remembered that i«^^ * ' ' Uti must b^ ascribed to no V^PP^"^"^ ^'""nution ?n .K '" /''° ^^""t'y. 80 of demand formy '^^'"^ ^^ ^"'^ ^848 aSd "sflf f"''^^'^^"^ >^^ - Jhe valuation of the cor.^ ' '° ^" "^*^« -^ve named., thus stoT"^-- of Cleveland for the th«e year. Whole numberofwtZr ~ — — . Forisir^^^^^^o^t^is^ - ForU850 Jnprease Whole number of cJpnro., For I860 Increase ■Total foreign trade— 1 For 1851 ^or 1850. ■;;;;; Increase -.1,981 -.1,381 - --600 -1,963 1,378 681 $645,671 •-'--549,649 96,122 , It should be rem«rk 1 u SS inadkm trade ** '^^^• Dntjr «ollee(ed. ^u 1220,638 $62,444 Imports.— In Anien|ar| vessels 140,096 42,164 ^ In Britisll vessels •• ^* ' . 360,634 94,598 Exports domestic loAucc and manufacture- ^^^^^^^^ In American vdbs^ls - 133^179 In British vessels. 284,937 Total imports anjH exports— $372,296 In American |essel8. - .- -•"• 273,275 ' In British vesfels .. i---- 645,571 j Au^ f .f ^lu^ received from importB (rr merchandut in. American od\ Abstract of ddu^ ^^J^^^^^^ng I860. ^ ^ I860.-Amiuntofduties received from imports in Amer- ^^^^^^^ AirntTdtieV^ceiieif^^i'im'p^ism^ ^^^^^^^^^ vessels. ^ Total amount received in 1860 , . . - ; 3^ ' (A <'., ^fitrancet and cleara ,4 . .'t"-"' 'V„ \^ .. •--; #; '•,. „S> . . ■ , ' , . »i*tti ^'^0(1^186. »»«»*«« e^'A* Jbreign trade of th. j- • . ™ number of vessels tn^«^ •'^«o« ?r Mc t^u/r^t «/* ^-«^i . " 1860-'51. ^'''' '^'^'r^> ^"^ number ofcreJlJ^^^ '^ ^ 1850. American vesseJs entered Foreign vessels entered ^.mtm vessels cleared Foreign vessels cleared. ; . ." " If mam vessels entered eign vessels entered. . [ [ -•v«, vessels cleared. !^ vessels cleared " • - • « . -Number of v..„,.._. . T ''~^'^' H-N«mber of veMeb entered.. , ^fta.berofv|°eb^t:^:---::-\:::;::::i!:;:: I ^° do cleared.. ;;'"*"^ ^-..l A ) 1,381 1,878 1,981 1,963 - ^ *■ * n.-i.' 172 . H. 0c»i:'l)^8. BXPOBT8. Species of merchwidue. .bushels. do. .. do.. .barrels ...do.. Wlieat jCorn... — Oats Flour --•• J°''H tierces. g^^J ; barrels. ^^^: do... i:^:::::::::::::'-. kegs.. .do. 5";i" :■'■' ;V.barrei; Butter.. , High wines ""• " Whiskey.. '^":^" Green apples ' "do" Dried apples T^' ' Tallow T^" Salt f Fish T-' Lard oil - ^^" Paint j^ ^?^ :"* ".'.".".'.casks. ^^^^ •^*" bales. ^ool -yr .....boxes. Glass <- - • ■ ' 1 *"°D^!";::.v.'.v.'-'---V.".'.ctks: Cheese , Starch ■^°--- White lead. . . - ^^,^' ' Nails f-'- Powder vf°--- Candles - ■ ^^^«- Axes .- f" Bacon ^i** " Tobacco J°- • • jjjj hhd.. ^^^rooro^corn ^«1^^- Bar-iron — Pig iron . - . Grindstones Rags .tons, .do., .do., .do.. Qointltici. 2,141,913 906,663 68,464 656,040 13,680 16,011 4,428 4,314 8,731 13,576 967 24,806 43,969 2,926 2,763 660 7,131 1,456 1,263 6,686 8,280 944 1,830 26,261 22,930 8,776 451 40,069 3,397 1,176 27,824 I 618 2,360 126 149 1,000 803 660 1,616 2,674 1,956 Vtlne. $1,499,339 1^ 362,661 \ - 17,8001 X 1^,132,130 ( 190,1201 165,121 26,56Sl 69,0241 69,8481 122,m( 17,4^1 210,842 111,652 1 4,0 22,1041 9,900| 7,131 10,18$| 373m| 34,11$| 74,5 7,5 45,7« l,969,57l| 45,& 26,2 13,5 120,2 10,19| ..2,3 97,3 1,811 I4,l(l| 1,5 2,2 12,0 28,1^ 7,9 46 45,1 13,3 6,^ ^peciM of mensliaiKUae. H: Iloc. 196. ^^"^Portt— Continued. ITT 8pe«le« of m«reiiaiidiw. 38,380 00 1,920 00 64,700 00 10,044 00 2,310 OO 14,202 00 78,390 00 3>864 00 12,411 oa 32,200 00 13,341 00 22,160 00 3,300 00 26,656 OO 400,000 00 69,342 0(y 50,400 00 86,670 00 12,440 OO 530 00 2,535 00 6,335 0(y 80,000 00 2r^44,800 00 12,026,497 Oa IMPOBTS. Specio* of mowliaadiw. ifish : ±-'- -...do ^wood... •M feet.) Qoantitiet. 90,607 8,383 22,294 12,263 I iron. . . spiked .tons. .No.. I =^^2r 3,988 7,383 4,666 540 TaliHk S9o,607 oa 10,478 75 144,911 00 122.630 00 8,361 00 8,975 50 368,650 00 27,866 00 3,210 OO' ' '"vi • f. ■-^:'|l• r < • 1" * 174 H; Doc. 186. Import*— Continued, SpeciM of merchandiae. .do. .do. Pig iron tons.. Bar iron ^o- - - Castings ^^ Crude plaster "** BV>oni iron Lehigh coal Copper ore. . . , ^^- • • Mwble ••doy MolaBses.f barrels. n:.v.v.v;.;.-v.v.v.v.v.-i^d,:: Powder ...kegs. Nails. ...do... White lead ««• . . Leather sides. Do - ro{J«- Dairy salt .sacks. Coarse salt barrels . Shoes bo'jes. Hops -bales. Green apples baxrels. Cranberries do — Siscawitoil : ?\" Potatoes bushels . Oysters . . .Y. barrels . •^[)q boxes . Patent' pails dozen. Burr-blocks Pieces . Locomotives ^o- Limeslpne cords Fire-wood do . . Laths ..- M. MerchaJidise, sundries tons Total value. 706 498 161 1,412 212 514 816 1,213 • 884 «,082 776 9,636 2,980 7,060 4,660 1,120 60,947 1,663 394 169 8,277 646 100 11,000 607 2,066 368 1,148 22 784 424 1,991 26,083 $19,768 00 20,990 00 9,660 00 1 4,230 00 1 10,600 00 1 6,168 00 285,250 00 42,455 OOJ 14,14 Ool 86,394 ool 50,375 ool 28,635 10,438 I 13,2fii 13,650 ^3,600 I - 6,194' 2,078 li 19,700 1 12,7201 16,554 • 3,2701 3,0001 , 6,6001 3,6421 37,188 1 718 1,4351 176,000 1 4,704 1 848' 2,9861 20,066,400 Port of entry, population in 1850 The district of chiding the ports o ffldot, Portage Plas mifes lake coast, ar vantages for comm by no other on Lak , are several navigab [ pable of furnishing I may safely ride duri accMS during the pre country on which it , and sends forth ^anm Metent railways an J Vermillion, tfie em 1 00 the lake shore at i Iffctantfrom Black rr I markable features wh I far exchange of prodt Ifljarkets. This stater 22,804,1691 Huron, the next p, Juron river, about ten "», with this exceptioc 1 me bar at its Aiouth, Kit easy. Ashin.canalhas^ bee ^ce of eight miles, h^ "j* .^r^lwjry was" ausky and Afansfielc merce of Huron is v H» Doc. 186. No.l2.-D«xarcxoK8x«,„«Kv.OHxo. 175 Port nf t o --""UHKY, Ohio. j; «.|ay ride du^ring fen 3-y »■""•-- of veJen'aS'lhev J and lends forth «{in»iiiilKr i„ " "^■" w affriGnlfnrni "'^ ""ck Vermdlion, tte easternmost of !^nTh I^n^rated. "' ""= markable features ,vS r. ^' '""''^ "^""^ ^""^ Huron h hi'" ""''^^ markets. This statement exhibits the commercrof !h ^"^"'^ '« °'h« '' '- mmeice of the port as foUoxVs : If^orts. Total. 47, the valuation was. . $116,295 196,712 _Jtl3,007 H"«>n. the next nort • ^'^"'^"^"" IS^ 5-Jj->aboutteS^::S-^^-^nI. is situated^, w, wjth this exception—that In . ^^^nduskf, bnd has a iroofl hnr -^-ts.^th,.£~=j^.^^^^ "-nerce of Huron is valuSl fblWs? "°' ^'' ^ P^«g^-««- TJ orts. Total...., L^^^^i^^J^^uation^amoaated llfilanis '/• ' <56i,676 1,468,831 ttr nearly777777^ __ijiKi4i£^i^ ., --™™«^,tTn?T»a«f»»'(wtM! n 176 H. Doc. 1^ ' returns of its bu8iri«f» are supposed to be taken by ^he collector at Huron, through which port aU vessels pass in going up and returning irom Mflan. This commerce, acc^ing to thcrcanal-coUector, amounted Jast year to— » v^^^^ . $436,816 ^^:::::v-:::.v:::::. -.•-■■-- j^ Total.. -r.. - : '-- M^6.901 -As no separate accbunts of this trade appear to have been kept in. 1847, it is probable that they were includc^^with those ot Huron. Sandusky, the port of entry, lies on the south shore of a^iAost beau- tiful bay of the same name, about five rhiles trom its mouth, and^con- tains about 8,000 inhabitants. This bay is about twenty miles in^ngth and five in width, forming a shelter large ^enouch to give anchorage to the whole lake niarine, with an average depth of twelve feet water. The bar at the mouth of the bay is sometimes enlarged, or its shape- changed, by the spring-currents. A straight channel has, however, been dredged tlirough it, at the expense of the city, in vjhich there is about eleven feet of water. j i „.« •, Sandusky city is the capital ot Erie county, Ohio, and lies 68 miles west fi-om Cleveland, 110 miles north fi-om Columbus, 414 from Washington— directly facinig the outlet of the bay into Lake Erie, at three mfles distance, of which it commands a fine view. The city b situated on an inexhaustible quarry of fine building-stone, of which many of the best buildings are erected. ,0 The Bad river and Lake Erie raih-oad connects this city with Cin- cinnati and the Ohio, the passage fi-om city to city occupying aboutM hours • This road runs through one of the most beautihil and opulett agricultural regions in all the West, literaUy overflowing with the cereal woduce of a young and productive soil ' The SanEusky, Mansfield audi Newark railway connects it with Newark, passing likewise through d rich portion of the State, and crossing, the Cleveland ajid Columbuil road, by means of whidh it ^as communication with both those citied The advantageous relations of this city in regard to the central porj tions of the State, together with its supeqpr harbor facilities give id an active conunercial aspect. • _ The deputy collector has furnished returns showing the imp coastwise to amotn^ — ^ In 1861, to. . . , *^^'^Mfi 'Exports same year, to. ... * 6,469,6 ■ Total trade-coastwise 22,446,01j Canaxlian imports, 1861.....^.. - 272,8 Canad ian exptMrta^ 18 6 1. >^^-»-»-.-^jk-j^^^ 1 ^. • '' • ^^^ Total commerce in 1861 — n. • 62,816 j pflrts amounted-- • / Mi Total in 18«i.^ ^^• ■Total i« 1840. ;;;;,V7<.- -■■-.,.- Vf7 '"t% m wa,8i6,98a Jncrectee . ^ Number of arrivals in is/sT ""'■■' Number ofde^^„«-/^8jI..-.. ,. "^ 't. • • • . ».. ' ' , /. '^ The totaJ quantity ^ v^ . " ^ ^— 3,988 In 1861, to.... ' CdMtwise. . ' r V^ Abo 147,951 Urr^C a " 121,6% bush*.!. ' *^r«i« flour, reduced to buij; ^.800.00? '.r^- ^'^g a totaJ *...,-.. . J"''"'' " ^aiiQgatotaJ equal to...... The followini? rnr« • . * " " ' ^^^^**07 u 1849. •"Busbels. barreJs. •-•bushels •'.'.barrels. . . -pounds 'Wines • barrels.! *' ' 1 •pounds.! •/ nunjber.l ■' / pounds./ 829,210 56,«86 98,486^ 9,881 16,781 10,800 610,961 8,660 696,881 274,712 1,908 3,663 2,491 1,436,360 183,269 - 42,80a 11,707 11,000 1,168 1850. 1,662,699 78,902 288,742 18,63€ 8,073 287,187 764,68a 546,686 860,798 1851. ' . .» •- value. 11,136 <11,062'' 176|379 1.668 2,778 J 6,278 ^,669,677 316,000 .61,126 34,761 30,000 1.922,069., 147,961 I, 712,121 k. .84^9 ^,66* 176,900 ^ 382,340 8^(00 229,71S. 116,387 ^,082 8,978 - 11,M6 . l,69p,«4y o«»,046 109,125 -106,026 1^646 S20,806 >,990 t^,834 £4^^ij^%. .''.^iSi^ >. l-fs H. Doc IM- Sector: S369.419 Imports. Exports . . ;y -■*•«. -_•___ TotM for 1851 . Total for I860 - 314,630 673,949 217,843 466,106 The following tab - - _— .STs^r"^'^^?^ Increase ^ ~^ — H ■«« iooi. V, f rolrl creek, on Saniiusky bay, three rmleS Venice, at the mouth of Cold cree^ ^^^^^^^ ^ 1 Ssi'birels, valued at. -■■;;; 13,242|jJ... b«.h. JgS Crude, MU tons, valued at ^■" Iwr.V.V.S" ^"'i^' Total - . rr7liS^--''»J 2.815 . L- J- ♦«#.! not already noUced, IS at-Bj,^ k"-^"-' Port CUnton. the only port - f^/^mCtskyf and havingbutr~ ^«-| ^^U ;naXn the lake about ten nul^s^.^s^^^ a narrow pemnsula of land back o^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^l^, ot ^^.^f^ are enrolled in , The statement of the deputy ^ *5J";M »«^ 4.786 tons of sni imports for 1861 at ^ 67,23^ 1847, total . "" Expo?;, for the same year. • — TiJtal "■ i ^-'•\ TiArt& there are numerou Besides tbe jto-H-J^^ft,^^^^^^ anjong -h^ islands includodjpnthm tte hB^>°»^ y^ some of them aM KelWs, Cunmngbam's, Put-in ^lYn^^ere irales, to be found anj where on tte bjj* ^?; ~ Sat Perry's engagement was fought,. *MiA in fiieun the mt- -t ot it» n»~^"^ ^ i«land last named. STlSlSKnd •5«ryiag ^^"^^^*£^e. Wood, ttsh, with « vegetable food. •".^Sj^.^tTdefimte returns on which to e ^inhabitant«aireiiApM^.^jT^^ e^^^^ . ^ the voly tf tfagr trsge h^;g ^^^°^^,d e of the distnct m dej gn 1861 . . . . in 1850. . . . '2f value of domest Canada, « [1849.— In American ve In firitish vesse - Total p-{" American ves •>n British vessel $32,611J 14,907] Total. A' Increase, •vA le. ,-'»; . [. . •*» MLijiWtfjE P-i'-Nf"-/ Yesn. - t Entnwoe.. Tom. | v J C T " 2.843 2,647 540,171 472,620 19,565 18,469 '""f ^'^ij^i;^ 2,840 2,590 537,979 464,807 19,433 18,096 ^^^ 1.338 "_, ■ J li -,— -1 1,338 The foUowW tablp x^;u v, . — ~— L . " uuring the years 1847 Artioles. N«rt bbl., C" bitth. "" bWa.i l*^ bMh. |J«J- bblg.J Ji*"- do.. |™*«y....do.. |Jf"l»r ft.l No.l Huron MUan 1847. 113,066/ 147Q<;i i';, ^w.IoO 5J)64l oo>» 61W lAo; 28,7b»| i'fi is^ ?a H 3,a ?^ ■/^"o^J 266,000 loor ' «^.859^1.079,099i,8l5o Vermiiiioo. ,i^ '851. I 1847. I ,851. 258,778 220,864 1.76-' 56,03_, 439 40.000 37,388 a »?■?« 20,000 1,000 600 ''oo.oooi.issS and- ^mr^'tfVtl^'^^^ " ^ 1847, total ^ ^^^^^^3 ; total. . "'^ ^*^am, 4,858 - 4,3S2 Increase 536 m-ln American vessels.. " in British vessels Total. n""M'»«rican vessels.. ' ^^ onuah vessels $124 00 S,950 00 ••-$39,43500 43,2S6~W" I I id Total. ■-" •■- i'; '# ((')( .160 Canadian trade in 1861. A^porto coastwise im Duties collected. ^fifioM $2,244 i-p«-}S^Si'=^sLr\'::::: «^ •■ 'Jl •76,628 .^l!^ Total.. == r. I. U.is is included 2.2«««'o?6-tSie!TiKS t^ J.toypaid ""J'S.X' ffict'oftStt's Harbor, in Brimk Tb"?«««*;"' e*et«mS« tons 6 cwt. 1 qr- W lbs. id- y ... $33,239 eK-. • / In British vessels Exports— In American ressel?^ -• """""'^^. '].'.'. '. '. - ^*66,849 99,088 • 1 J ^j ;« t>i*> above: the whole amount j 121,672 bushels of wheat included in the adov^, in | principally provisions. Totalunports and exports-^ Amencan^^-^^^^ ^ .' 174,7161 Total Tonnage. Inwsri. •^«« vPQflpla . . 4 Steam 1,494 . . - American vessels .-..•- ^^ ^^ _ ^ .^g^ , , 2 steam 280 . - 16 sail.. 746 British^essels Tota U ^^ Outward. 10 sail.. 1.3 3 steam 9 sail.. M 22 ^%iS'.': _ ^ Bpc tat A»?«^ coastwUe into the dUtrict of ^ j, , 101 '^ 31,^ ^e^i;f i^^j^' '^««'^ ^^a year ending Merchandise ^Z^tT- ■-'■'■ SiMkes Machinery. ..." Stoves and castings I%iron _ I'lnm, assorted.' * ' ] * * " «etiron.. Nails ;;; Tin plate. . . .'.',*" I Threshing machiiies 8t«ffl:«ngines and boilers' "" [Scrap iron "^^s- . . jLocomodves iCoal |Dairjr salt. FigJi ^ater-lime.. Cranberries. . Lomber lies ;le-wood. ^wood. . ^i.ori tons. 900 « " ■ 17,486 « ^480 « 352J « 1,241 " ■"*"• 192 u 449 « 711 ^f:: 81 boxes . I 2 . ■*•' 3 ...;; 40 tons.. 12 ....... 2,745 tons. 52,738 barrels" 4.224 bags. 7,538 bafrels" 2,058 «. 1,502 1,099 ^6,809 Mfeet. 11,075 M..., 440 cords' 4,587 (I f««9n8 ;;;;;; l 383,889 boxes'" Jware 1 10 "arposts. . . ."'///_ 6,140 ^on's" " oond plaster^ 913 . . niture....]^ 2,690 ban-els''" ^y '. 74,900 pounds"' "808 603 tarrels ' "es, green.. 314 . dried. ..," I 11,284 bari^fs' " " 90 « " ■ ofortes. . . .".*. I 279 keiri 362^ . . 7S tons 85 .... 70,000 busS ' 220,000 feet 9,000 .. •^8 ajJd carriages.:. **• ■•■.::::".■.:, i $10,505,500 3,900,000 699,440 38,400 - 28,260 198,560 7,680 44,900 282 2,506 889 700 3,800 400 96,000 11,100 55,902 520 52,766 12,348 2,256 6,594 68,090 27,687 5,328 10,320 23,033 ' 800 " 614 lU 4,040 7,4«0 4,894 2,518 ^2,568 817 2,790 U«0 17,000 7,9ff9 1»400 17»00e M . i .* }'. "^ ' '^^SM^W.V«et'j;« ' lif^ i' , ^IJi » i t ': ■■ 1 J- 'ii ■\ m gpecieB of import. ^l Doc. Iw. . Quantity. Valae. I Marble Barley Lard Powder Malt. Tea... oa. - Empty barrels i?otal»es....- Shingle machine Brick - ■ Miscellaneous goods. Smidries 44 tons 266 bushels. . 359 kegs.. . - 960 " ^- ■ ■ 206 bushels . . 196 chests.. 60 barrels 4 660 240 bushels.. 1 30,000 264 tons 677 articles. $3,525 113 ^5,164 3,600 93 4,800 1,920 280 120«| 126 120 1,0( 324 «o3,Tft&%'£S^^>^^-^'"l Wheat Com Oats Clover seeil Timothy^eed Flaxseefl.. Hckory nuts Express packages Ftour ---•' Beef. Pork "Whiskey...- 1 12,698 Highwmes 599 Al^hol 11 I B . . ' 1 2,962 2,621,224 1,282,609 239,936 203 740 1,869 643 260,000 194,682 3,038 7,196 6,662 bushels . barrels. pounds . barrels. tt u (( (i •• . »« tt $1,808,6 613,0 71,98^ 2,8 2,811 6,97| 500,0 081,3 91,8 86,3 36,0 91,8 12,9 iM dberries Oitound pkflter. Onide •* g«reet potatoes. Aifaes, pot 4 4,146 4,414 93 3,214 tt tons. .. bushels. casks- # M I32,j 67,1 okiti^^iiMiUj&ii :.,.\.L;iu^d.>wiki4i^iSyi ^^Port, coa$twi,e-^oniiansd. Apples, green dried. Peaches, dried Batter Laid Tallow Feathers. . 157,127 Wool... 36,361 Beeswax." .' .' .* .";;;.' I 2'3*9'771 Ginseng.^ \' Leather (in rolls).!! " (unfinished) Furniture _ Merchandise... , 810,093 (&.'.'.'.".'."// I 666,101 Oitcake.. Candles.. Com-meal Tobacco. . 190 barrels. 86,452 pounds. 16,408 « 382,340 « 267,337 (( 3,296 «• 3 barrels. 61 rolls. 106,768 pounds. 188,700 ♦« Bitwm-com.V ^^J'^^O Fure •-" 21,666 Livehogs.'.V ' 128,i25 bregsedhogs I ^^,399 «rewea nogs ... AZ' FlaMeedoI....: ^'^^'^ JBIack-walnut lumber." ' *'^^^ gtoves (pipe, hhd. and butt).'.'.' flea, sep-pelts. er-skins.. nptycaaks. BS eratus baiTels. 426 Mfeet. M mm Ichairg. .. [iron oa ..::::; annngues 6,947 2,266 1|036 bundles. 64 1,084 '. 411 bushels.. 20,166 pounds.. 6 barrels. .. 42 tons... 197 11 3 (< -plank. ffes. . . . stones. 2,040 Mfeet. 262 « 530 M.... 1,068 tons. ., 8,100 «< 247,026 " 17,807 113, barrels. J49,046 pounds..".*! $380 3>i^ li9o9 3,823 18,7U 13,370 10,906 796,861 894 100 S,660 21,368 18,870 162,019 14,963 486 8,470 1,780 176 64,906 il,S26 1,078 128,486 434,394 896,44£ 48,699 6,37^ 148,674 6,804 36,286 8,700 8J 1,680 16,760 880 108 n^: . I. ' . '>' rN /' A -r li JS' mi ft ^ 1 ' 1 '?*H" '» *■. '(.'?." '!•«*. •i'> ^-t ..Ato- i ifi^'.** ^A^iN^.' ve^ tr gpeciei of export. Ship-knees RajJroad ties Buggy wagons t'i^ging stones Bl^ stones -- Stoves and furniture Glassware -- Medicine Wood - Fish Hoop-poles aber... Qo^tity. 60 ^,400 2 50 1,000 - 160 5 1 2,877 1,494 139,000 35 5 10 423,227 ValuB. M feet. - tons . . - . boxes. .' box cords. . barrels . $60 480 .,175 3,000 8,000 10,600 50 30 3,409 8,735 1,390 175 90 360 68,766 Timl Ox-marrow Neatsfoot oil Bliscellaneous Ko. 13.— District of Miami, Ohio. P<,nof enu^, Toledo, latitude «= 38'>ngi.ude 83o 36' , ^ prton of the lake «»° 'SliXrZ He former is a H Manhattan, Toledo, Maumee, and ^^"J'3 Maumee city and Petj of but little ™P»r'=''/r™ thlMaumrri^er, Sn a iy- mile, 3 , S264,7^ ....-.-- ** * jiinfl ----■•••••'I Imports Exports "TbtSn 305.81 ,^^ Toledo is, in one ] tensive lake commerc ^ that it has two ca ffliteport: one the M the Erie and Wabash ana, and traversing th Jbe richest portion of tl This wcumstance, w way transportation has With water for the in cubura^ nroduce, rende date, Toledo must becc vaUeysof the Miami a trade for productions of Jttenorthward, thisisal, IJunately the great mee lot all northwestern Ohio ■')eing beyond all doubt t espuve States, which lUmoj for their agricultui ■.7^5^o« well situated to distance from the ] miles JVNW. from ( jnt population is estir Jly on the increase. [Onehneof raifroad is ™ago, known as the Sox Bd, which will form an i indusky, and the other e »w progress; and wil], j a twelve-month, or; Mlus to the business of! rjCami valJey, in the dii & "^J^t^ges, togetl 0^«fangement8 P^eFoped the commerce ■^wces m regard to its f ^commerce of Toledo, which have been sen ;gg^dl847tnocnr ?*=««; from the dl coastwise for 1861 coastwise for 1861."^ Total coaatwise for '■■■ ■:■*.■■■ \~ -!m ®i^ 1^ 18ft- laib Exports. " "^ «^e source to be- nc,207 -■•* aa,557 Toledo is, in one rcpect mn , ' ^' ' \S^ ffl its port : one Te M ' ^^ ^^^n^cting kZthtl^nl^^ ^^ ^ theEr^ andWah^J^ "'\'^^ ^"^ canaf to P nl"^ ^^'**' terminating , ana. and traveS ^h'"""^' '"^^'"^^n^muft cati„ j"^*"^ ««d the X? the richest portion oAlf ''"'•"" ^^^««h xXtVh! , ^^'"'r^^^' M^- way transportation hrslV^'L'" ^^nneW wUh tjt^fi *" '*? '"'^^^ With wateV for the inl5 *° ^^^" ""aWq to conL. ^^'"^^ ^^'^^^ '^^ cuburaJnroducVrendm ,> Tf^' «^ 4vy ?St' ? ''S"'^ *""«« M Toledo must hl^ ^'*''^"^«teJy certain th^t^*' ^V""^ «» agn- vaUeys of the Smf *''"f *,^^ 8^«nd depot Lth' "/^W dis^t trad7forprSuc^^ro?th .^"^^^^' ^"^ntrntl *Lt,.t"^'^ "^ ^ Ithe northward this?, oi ""* '""^ ^« annual v tSn„ ^ *^^ ^°""e of IflfaJl northwestern fS-^^^-P^^^« and mart Swl^ " """'^ "^^« be I One line of railroad ;<, l j r"""' "nd w pon- P«Wt|iowna,d,eSouSM,vrP''''^''^'»4i>S Tofedo Ji,l, fi, which wUl form »>. ,-„7. ™™'gan ; and anotbA .t. i . ?*''' "«»'wis6for I861::;:;;;- ««4887,77» •••• wiSsMSO \ -r^ \t « r . «. Doc. t8»- ''*' 133,007 Imports, foreign, for IMK - ; • - * 66,304 Exports, foreign, for 1861 -....- * Total commerce, 1861 999,311 30,934,891 ... 1,603 Entrances '..... 1,609 Clearances ^ , 3,212 Total == .tons 418,892 . " 419,942 838,834 h American vessels Id British vessels. . Total injports and In American vessels la British vessels. . . f tv,« aistrict, includmg all the ports, for 1851, The total commerce of the district, 1 he tow ^ $23,301,741 was — _ Imports. - Exports 7,986,724 .it. Total The same for the year ImpOTts Exports Commerce of 1861 . Commerce of 1847. ...*.» 1847 amounted, only to— 31,286,465 $4,038,985 4,034,624 8,068,809 . $31,285,4661 " ... 8,068,8091 Increase on four years. enrolled and Ucensed tonnage for 1861, is ^.a^e^^^'-'^,,, ^ ,o«i ;« tViP. whole district lyj-"- ^^ . , The total eiuu"»~ -^ — , „,i.«io rliatrict J^, ' ^" • Entrances for 1861 m the whok district.^ ^ ^^^^^ Clearances do Totals.. 438,' 3^ ®^ CANADIAN TRADE IN 1861. JiiiporW. $8 441- In American ve g8eu»...-'---- --.^a.0Q8. In British vessels.^ - - ^^^'j=^ .duty $2.1 . do 6>^ . J « ■ - »» " ' Totqlp ,,26,469... 7,8 -^v jJ:j,i' ',ji5'^'»'*«^*'«|^',. "TPK^ N liK 11 191 m 834 351, ,741 ,724 »,465| },985 i,m\ 5,4651 iS,m\ 6,65 37,91 38, In American vegsels In British vessels ..'..' Total exports ^ Total ixuports and" exports— In Anaerican vessels In British vessels Exportt Total Canadian trade. . . ^ . Tonnage inward. 12. American, sail Britifh, sail 1 ....'"."" *7 " ^»''*2 tons* British, steam !!..!! 2 934 " Tonnage ovtward. ijuerican, sail j British, steam 2 ! British, sail 7 ^ '\^ 76^ $2,1 6,3 •■ ■ /A. 1 Ji 1- k. ' , ; ...- ^ > . khK i " * I 188 H."Doew 1S(K '■'« ■ ^--LH^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Articles. Qutotity. Assorted merchandise - . -i- - - -tons. . Iron, bar and bundle ^o. . . Iron, railroad ^ do joD'Fg ;::;pounds!! Spikes...... ."."..pounds.. Castings, iron ....\boxe8.. T» do... A^es .....No... iSve't^imnd^igs'. '. '. ! :::.-.-- - -pounds - " Hardware - "nieces " ^r.:!^;:.v::::.v.v-v.vpa5;p:: Machinery •.".■.'."gallons:'- Stoneware ..^.boxes.. S^^ .do.:. G}^^^--'-- ;. bags.. g°ff«^ •' barrels.. ^f^ ....gallons.. ?fc:;::::::::::::"------^"?J-- Hides, Spanish -^^-; Hops- - ...kegs. I'^T^^'^ :::.. barrels. Spuits \\ Od irrei lo. -, 1 boxes., Candy harrpls APPi-'f-" ."."."buXt.. Apples, dry........ Barley - , Malt. ' - ^°-'- S^ibe^::::''" barrel. Water-lime ^P--' Plaster ■- * ' White fish and trout ^o- • ■ Majckerel .--- ^alt. Leather ^ - • - Boots and shoes. White lead Coal, bituminous. .do. ^...do. . .bags ..roi .cases. ..kegs. ..tons. - Value. 63,260 273 9,416 113 18,928 6,067 10,099 187,6^8 2,176 720 4,199 -20,292 667 3,619 420 683 16,660 3,249 2,898 647 3,900 13,380 33,810 16,380 23 20,242 481 132 677 6,364 ^ 1,216 '27,605 3,672 1,664 1,828 467 10,499 160 102,032 79,«8r 1,110 6,098 1,837 1,829 $18,6O8,(«)0 18,2«^ 428,675 ? ' 4,620 2,082 19,354 60,499 7,602 20,760 7,920 60,386 13,190 389,900 7,238 27,300 62,476 1,666 6,498 . 7,249 9,068 70,200 47,888 6,071 2,293 2,760 80,968 26,455 ^,960 I 2,031 * 12,728 Coftl,Lehigh Pianos .' 1 Wagons. ]] " Carnages, &c...,\\ Rflfaoad passenger < Do. locomotives Da freight cars. Tbreshuig machines. Reapers In» safes \\' Jwisehold goods .... Marble ' ' " CWndstones Lamber * Sking^es * * Laths .'.".".' Pine logs 1 *" I Hoses ° Cattle.......'.'///" J Sheep. .//" pxpxjss goods '." ISondries " Total y alu( *f^ of the principa wtejrom the^trt of Tt Articli iei 1,823 U.^ . V 13,752L^^ 9,424|3,'"# 467F™'- 73,49» 107'?*''^^" 33 30»? *'*^®- •^'•'''''- oiq'ooS'® horses ' 7,8ir^'- I. - ■ " I * «®t*S iV. lJ ^r'4- ■^ 1381 STATEMENT-Continued. Artifllna. Coal, Lehigh. . '■' . Pianos " * _" '• • -tons. . Wagons. ] ] "'' ^o.. , Carriages, &c.. !""]', ; "a°"' Railroad passenger cars ' J^'" Do. locomotives. - ■■;■■-••- -ao .. . Do. freight cars..;;; ^•'^ Threshing machines. . -•----. -do . . Reapers " ^^- - Ir* safes -../.. - -do. . fiiHMehold goods. -do.. MaAle. ...... ■ • \ packages. . T tons Quantit>. Grindstones. . Lomber Shinies , Laths ', jPmelogs 1, Horses ° Cattle........ ^ 7'70 320 43 33 10 20 150 61 76 22 1,628 1,777 feet.. 11,837,747 M.. 6,277 '-No... 2,669,716 1,000,000 101 29 2^1 .No.. .ifeet. --bead.. -.:.do --.do Value. $5,775 44,000 2,580 6,60 20,000 160,000 71,250 * 16,776 15,000 2,750 12,284 63,972 697 142,052 1^,69^ 6,423 7,000 6,060 5,075 Express goods „„ , / »?! i 4 400 ^ " I ^ 17,755 Total yalue, I L» 0/" M~ ^~-^ — ~^--~^-^-^:^-11:LI _- - - - 1 22,987.7 72 ~~ r~-^~^__jy_ y«ar cnA«^ December 31, 1861. Article*. ^■:if::::: 8.. • ~ • ■ • i •♦ lard rd oU.V; K hogs.. TO horses. TO I ■ "V '■•••■», bushels. do barrels.. casks.. r - -No.. . barrels.. :d6.... ^?:--- ' tteZ ....do.. -...do.. do... barrels. • ••«..., .do, . , Jr. AA«:^uvV>^ Quantity. 2,776,149 1,639,744 , 242,677 14,160 4,096 38,658 ^,165 23,547 744 301 1,759 7,2^ 1,884 Yalne. $1,110,017 1,082,23^ 849,36g 706,910 5i898 602,554 434,64Q 488,840 117,736 '23,880 S7,090 3,518 69,318 28,860 !,'tJ!f»' 1 "V 190 0. Doe: STATEMENT— Continued. is . do. . - .^o. . - .bai * ..pounds.. Grease. •. Wels. , Linseed oil ^^^^^ Oil-cake j^^ Hides. J .balesl Sheep-pelts '^ 7 Furs (estimated) --^^ ' • * 'J^- Oats^ *' Beans Barley..; ./-..Dag! Corn-me^ / .barrel.. Sped •- • - / bushels. . 5«**?^-- '"""/..ibarrels,. Cranberries. " - /- ' . boxes . . Cheese. -'•;* j^, Butter .....' ' Candles.-, /-^- ..pjitfods. Beeswax -/ ^^^^^ E|a«8.. /- -■- ...do.... f "*» ■ - - y ■ ".*;.* .hogsheads. . Suffar..... -/. ..barrels.. Molasses. - . /. - ■ ■ - _ 'bushels. . K;;co" z:::::::::'-'-- -hogsheads. . m^^ Iw/ boxes . u J*W / "" . - -casks. , 8p'^ • • • * . . .roUs. . athers. ■ '^do". o"on-...- ^ ^^ Broom-86,4 / 79,26 n2,92 »1S 10,871 12i,17| 32,01 62,6d 94 6,8 2,39 4,31 161,4 917,5 302,^ 2; 7,847j '1\ ^-0.U.^D,ST»,CT0PD.XH0,X. Itl ri ^' f i^ort oi entry, citv of n • ' population in 1830 9000 •'^"''' latitude 42© OQ' l^„ v j dwtrict not borde»C»T V , "^ "^^^ extensivp ^«„ ;t.'"^''- Michigan kn^^^^- Superior, an "eZa^ri/r^ f '*^. ^^k^ «n line o£(iij^SSP°"^hem Peninsula. Com!!! • *^'^* Portion of lakei««thmM^l,„;*^^f^f«d St.ClairrivW^ f ie^^ ^"«' "P the 1 bM fifteen mrt", iZe 5" t-Tl"" "l ■»"««• '^ *"'='' Ftefo».freda„^*toj';«'«'nercfa,aa™^^^^^ .itwilliiot ultimatelv Pn., T *"^ ^^^ent of its vasf .nfl wmch, ifpro- aDd prosperity X^ «^^«^d in all the ictu^ -^ ! "^ resources, fethan ah V other ftate^F^ ^vaalablein all sei'ons ^^jf . ^"' T^ ^*- Kof it the best »n^ ''Spst-hne comprises 39 S?^ country U«>us lakes a^d r "'^^^ fertile land of the w! f '^^"^^^ '"^^^s. Mnq bt Joseph's thp aiV 7„ J ^"^^e, Maskee-on, Grnnrl J , *^*» ^. ;k'K W-j^- 186. nn thP Dem^ rivdr?^ount eieiriens, on the Clinton river ; Algonac, on the ^^H^J,"^;''; . Port Huron, on the river St. Clair ; Saginaw, oa ''^'"tcircum^nce deeply to <>? .'^S'etted «je jd a« Th^arethe oudets of the P^^^^^^^^XVLl^aTd £ FeTkSetlS dries of the West. LasUy, there is still a^ve^j lirtiactTmbUe land in various parts of this chstnct, in ^e hands of '^^goTriirfor the most part 'well watered and weU Umber^l -^Wrh sooner or later wUl become of immense value. Tnn^veaJs these government lands have been trespassed on, by , J^renS in the^lumber trade, to a very great extent ; but Ae j ScaS several vessels, with then:, cargoes, has, it is to be hopd, ^'^&T.:^T^^^Z^r'^'^^^^ on in the pr. of G J .aSi^'^rfSon in the slupment c," --; and a |^^^^^ Newyortt^ai^d St. C^a"", on t^^^^^^ cutei to a considerable extent and to ve^ aecm %„,d ^ largeststeamers wh^h na^^^ «*^^;^^,^ „, ,hese wateJ '"foXdtVri^sitCTSesf. Clair flats, the greatest uJ iliuf^ty^rmSre^^ fs^'s^ft irSring a lofty and dense growth of wdd nce.jiA j ve?v IStriS tortuous, and difficult chamiej wmdmg over than, l| SyXes ^ nirow'that two vessek camiot pass them abreast; n is it possible to navigate them at night. .^ T&ere would be*no difficulty whatever, and but a mort tn^ ^oense as compaxed with the advantages which would accrue W Sfni'his Talker, in dredyng out a «^aaght ch^l of «^^ . depth tS admit vessels of thelargest draugh^^ more urgently and "^aaonab { sohc^^fi^m^^^^ the West, nor any more entirely ju«mea oy evcr^ v.«« , ^„ '«Sund economy an^ poUticali*isdL.or «^«J« ;LT C^'S cS g^nlciilable *^-" *»ir ««.nJna the flats, ot the St. Claar. aiidcartjfj^ 3onomyanapouucaiwiHuuui.ut '"";"--~p, -^ ^^^n ,ble, tian t^^opnu^ a canal around the Sauft Sie. Mane; *«^™in«^ijl^ onr^f ect the most splendid and longest 9«|n f ^1 &F« k the world, extending above two th?"««!f,S*.^^^^^^ du Lac at the head of Lake Sujpenor. N. latitude 46 ^0 ' vv. «; r^e mAV. to the mouth ol the ^Lawrence nver. m 46° 20' N. itudc, 66° 36' W. longitude. if ^ >f the ojher ports of the district-say --;--- Jfi^ Total commerce of the district ..../- fiU9hiS!, The tonnage of the port of Detroit alone was-i- Jncte^.im JM " ^^ " "'" The entrance, md cleatances from *« <"'"'Jt"'^?T* ^ /«Jno fn the usual deficiency of retunu from this regwn. Tw47*ho^mJ> d,e buSness of the dittrictv,., rjpre«nted » V ■ Miij't ' s: i»iii m *t . ***-" • •Wy. X ^^^iW I3fl^ hoftt, in the various ports. anH K„*i. ^ l«i the? ««.parative vaCT ^ ^^^ *^^«« ^ome idea may be fo,^ ^ Flaoe or port ] Detroit I Monroe. .-...' J Trenton! . ] .* • jBrest. ISt Joseph. I] I Grand Haven. Valaeofexportg I -c- , ^""o- Value of importt --^.JFHron l8t.()Jair..^ ■Newport..^ ■"^ '»■»«■»■( *4i 020,559 817,012 66,000 617,666 220,000 60,000 45,000 18,000 100,000 80^000 20,000 15,000 123,200 5,991,827 1,000,000 6,991,827 Total Idd raifroad iron. Grand total. «3,883,318 1,139,476 8,425 12,000 838,917 265,068 100,738 58,250 45,702 159,400 59,320 14,772 37,820 168,711 6,786,957 6,991«,827 were steam and 18,376 sail. ^anadtan trade in 1851. ■nports—In American vessel, n„*. ^ British ^sS.!'. «35,855 "^t^^T^ ^^'^85 i6*8ig »«=^KXmerican vessels'... In British vessels Jg ^o -' e3.08r <74,072 40,960 116,039 A&^ tn^mmimim* jjj H. Doc. 13». . 2 13.672 Tonnage. 389 tons. Iftward— American, 2 steamers ., 9saal _J 1^923 49 081 " British, 294 steamers *«.^°J „ essail ^""^ 56,381 68,304 Total tonnage — — - Outward-American, 14 steamers -- ^^^"^T 1' ^^ " 3,764 British, 316 steamers. 61.727 « 67sad Jff^ 57^3 r ..... 69,027 Totaltonnage := hiforU codituw m ^i^):^u ^' i>oe. lai ^**^ ""^'^ ^<' '^P<^ o/Detroudurin. value. ^ /^ year 19t Barle} Marble. Merchandise Coal....... Kg iron .... Hi^ wines . [Hogs IWool ey bie [Fish ; jFlour jWater-lime'i,. jStarch jPowder |\<^lu8key -.tons. ...do ■ -.do , -barrels - number . .-bales.. .bushels. [-ard.. ^ut stone Juilding stone ...pairs. - .barrels. — do . . .-•do .. ..boxes, .barrels ...do.. ..do.. feet cords, boxes -.thousand., .thousand Ceet] ..number.. Juit trees.... laster ' 1^0.. (crude). reams . . . .number.. . do .-bushels... ..bundles .. ...barrels...! tons. . . hogsheads pounds... bars and bundles barrels. do. . rolls.. barrels. pounds. cords. pipg, Bdi iron • barrels., -.bars.... .pounds , • barrels. . A,' 1,100 8,340 18,700 10,000 100 ^14,600,000 160,63a 28,000 8,600 1,320 4,060 848 8,310 20,694 6,938 »,117 260 14,840 8,40a 40,207 16,682 800 4,210 10,022 6,620 11,900 9,480 3,66;^ 2,393 2,282 2,460 18,000 7,900 6,700 36,000 36,400 121,620 6,046 16,000 22,000 9,300 284 -%70» 78,200 2,200 08,074 2,600 700 800 p '-.'> >::\ i ♦ ■* K— \ ' L' • * ' •" *«*. ■ ;{^ •'i""' ■ N '• "^ I * ' -'ill . • ,.:.<■ ■' > ■' \ AS ii^W».«,v„_* a»i ■Sp^,r -I'l-j^f;!, f y ■■.-%:■■ -j'.i'l'jTa JuiportowKo J, rt*j»rt ^ Ifcm-i, *»^ rte >«"■ 1861--C<»«m»ed. Articles. Quantity. Value. *^ XT * ^' ' -bags ^ £op« ....hogsheads. ?t^'*';.v.V-V-V.v. '. • - - - - - ■^^^''' ' • - Crude potash - VbuS'- '- ' ^ '.:. .number. ir'!; V thousand. Wagons .gallons. Stoneware » Total. 1,140 61 610 211 I 4,600 , 3,300 240 43 68,480 $14,592 6,100 . 12,200 - 12,661 ■ 1,800 33,000 1 210 4,300 1 • 5,8 16,416,371 Exports coastwise from' the port of Detroit during the year 1851, rn(A «i«r estimated value. Aiticlea. Quantity. Valoe. _, ' barrels.. ij*^f .'."."...bales... y°?^ ....barrels... l"^^ bales.... *™? !.'.'!'.'*..'* halfbarrels, J,"i„* * "*' number .- S?f ""** bushel^. SS :::;;:::. barrel.. ^^ ....pounds. Hams i~« Leather .- ^''^l'" «_„„ tons. . . Bags -c , Sakeratus ^^^- ' Coal, - ^^'•-■ 'Nail8...^^rrr: Hay Sheep..... Tkt iron . . . Cranberries ■&^-^ .bundles, .number. ..tons... ..barrels. ...do.... 460,325 30,717 897,719 12,944 8,446 2,977. 1,704 420 4,160 1,484 48,546 568 248 8^000 529 61 61 960 34 245,71 618,« 25,8i 21,11 17S,« 20,1 42,01 12,fitiv«s barrels.. Ashes :; ;•■ -thousand. High wines ^T^- « ■■ :-^\' |4Shinglebolls.... barrels.. Salt: u^'^'^f-- Potatoes V u 1^^-- , Whiskey bushels.. I Beans ...^, ... . .V.V.'.'.V.'.V.V d^ " lierch^dis'e '.".". ' "T''^^ Ale.... "'^ packaees Jfirick barrels. kJlover'seedV.V "■""""• thousand iMalt. :""• uA^-' jgf ■ ■ ■ bushels ICattle.."".'."';'"' u°"^-- iButter " head... lones..... u ^?--- ^J^ ■""":••--- head. FashWdV .'.';"""""""" T^^ ^ce _■ °02en pplea. '^^^\ .'■ barrels. 170 378,070 1,667 10,866 2,207 2,783 7,336 693 281 8,618 1,369 • 179 2,375 12,090 70 893 129 160 277 266 1,106 85 136 60 1,610 136 4,888 $170 151,228 4,989 217,180 ^5,175 27,830 113,996 4,851 281 1,065 10,872 358 23,750 453,300 420 1,179 2,580 172 110,800 7,680 13,212 5,100 405 300 7,550 1,350 4,888 ^ VAiAlj. 1811b mis 8S 0t M* -.j.m ftO* . T Tf ^ • O) O) milk tan ;? 802 H. Doc. 136. No. 15.— Dl^WCT OF MlCHlilMACKlNAO. , Port of entry, Mackinaw; latitude 45° 51', longitude 840 35'; popu- ^This^wS fj themost rn^y «£^^,llf iStf r^Am: Hot Jt eitensive of them ^l^.^^^Xr^gaTfr^^^ She£>ygan, Wi. coast on the western shore ^^ ^^f^^f^^^^^^ consin, 43° 41' north latitude, 88 ^^ ^^ J^'^^i^ebago, with all its ports Manitowoc, Two Rivers, GreenBay> Lake Winn g ^ ^^^^^^ in Wisconsin-embraces Ljttle Bay W^^^^^ Manitou^ and Beaver islands; the c^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ St. M^'s river to^^f^^ ^^S bthe StTte of Michigaxv^ Lake Superior to Mo"*'Jf^J^]r__sin shore to the western extrefni^Sf continues thence ^long the Wisconsin shore ^^^^^^^^ „^^^,y the Me at Fond du Lac; ^l^^^^./pP' Charlotte, on the ividing line- shore of the Minnesota Territory ^« f ^^^^^X^^^^ The entire between the Umted States .^ ^he Britian p Rowing the length of this coast-lme ^«"f f^^^^^^,TXt?d s tuation of many portiooa I ^SS^^^SiSlr^^S^^- obtai^ or satis.ct^ '%;:;ou.trybordermgui.ritl.^l^^ was partially explored, ^^ even inapped,^^^^^_^^^^^^ more thaBtwocenturies ago bvtheFren^^^^ ^^ ^^^ mighty wJ discoverers and civilizers, ^^^ P^^XtS^Tmore or less frequently and from that period it ^^^^^T ^^£L^^ until the pr. visited by missionaries, waders, trap^js .^^ ^^ M sent day, when a «f f "^^^^^^^If p?^^^^^ and successful develc* be fairly estabUshed, together ^^th a praci^ productive lands, tfc ment of its resources, by t^^/^r^^TiStioS of its forests anddj prosecutionof Its fisheries, and the e^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^ y,A Sxines. Notwithstaiiding all ta *ere is ^u g ^^ ^^^ ^ that the influence which it is ^f ^^^^y ^ ^^^^^^ appreciated by afe mercial affairs of this conune^,^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ people. far-reaching mmds, is htie toreseen or ^The grounds existing for this -nfi^^J ^f^^^^^^ in the following pepuhar, and m some degree singm , "1^ the unequaued ^^^^:^''t^i':::t:o^^s^ afforded by its numerous l^f'' ^SL^Ls J^li)* &. Lama theirartifi^irnprovemen^,ithasre^^^^^ ^^^^ ^f ,, and Missbsippi, from which, t>y the vmious and railroad: It has easy *5°T tr^S^ rfromX Balize tUe i market along the vast aeaboard stretchmg from tne a^ oFB^eisle. ^"^ *. 'j*i4'>^ ^*li A-k !tBfe'm''wi4£j;A' t^>-' * l>oc. 13«. 1^ ««fer the stimulus of deS tSwV^'''^"."""' ''^"--ccs, which ■.ie.ciafp:3"t^tdi^'S^St''°'«»*^^^^^ Every succeeduirr year frpA J? ^ government itself ^^^*^ jWlbentpoints-^alfij;:;;^^^^^^^ intrLtence at Lght-houses, and piers/and othl St%^^ ^""^ '^^ construct^, of imperauvely demanded by the rpnlr ' ^^' navigation; and Xnf aixmtaneously-notiia-ced jnf. ]T T"'^"'^"^« «f a commerrp 1-^ — uWion-with a raSv «nS^ ? ^5- ''^^ '"^"7 fictitious sti3anf! ^ "^^^ .erciaIhisto^ofte^i«^-^-ssh4er^ At tile soutiiern RytrAmif ^ i • foe miles north from rITJ!^ '™ *''''« is Manitowo.- -l^ i .u- wJM, it startis, a popuSo f 'oo^^l^JT; ■-'"'t-K thaP^'Jiit i( tihe produirof thTsoT?i^7- "^ agricultural ^p. Sb^ «»d luxuri^ ""^ *'*^' ^d miporters of assortid ^?.L^"^^ Wt e t.^ ^^^ed^to ae pe„U.^,a e., ^ 1 • • 'If ■ I ^ - i • B 14 f ' - '•■'' It' ' ' ■- r ' V ^ ^ fir r ' • ■ ' '' ' f i n^ JQ4 "" H. Doc. IM. ft^ing ,0 Aese point, o» 4e Aorc, «U1 keep »p. for .11 rime, -m «ti« '"*TrrrtT?^o"^v'e«ht:«erbefore repent i« jmmerce fuU,, bu^AeSowing resulu .how «, excellent commencement. ^^^^^^ Ipiports in 1861 i . . - - ■ - 1 " ' 112,763 Exports in 1861 t * ' j ' _i — . L^! , ' 227,763 • Total - — —-- Of the imports there wfte for local purposes.'. .-• «42,585 Ditto for home consumption ^ ■ • • Total..-:..: Jl^ In 1847, the imports at this ^^t were vaW^^^^ $63,747 Of the exports there were-Products of the forest. . . . - - - . ♦^^.^^ > . v isneries. ..,.----•- Domestic mantifactures o.*»t A "' . ' 112,763 1 EniaSes.822 steam! 192 sail; making a'totalot 1,014 arrivak L"u^;Sr:LS^rre^S^ olthe sa^ena. and tibe outlet 0f the fox nver. ^^^^ ^^^^ ^A This port, mdeed, >ids i«^-^° J ^r V™1 Vhich haa its origin ontk • that most important breach of the 1«^^^^^%^^^^^^^ ^, the Fox rivJ ' borders of the lupper Mississypu The wor^^^^^^ ^?ectrrxt3=»^S^^^^^ t7''"Frr^J^t:«'-a„n^i;.e.*eMi..^^^^^ '*"S"ierta?i'^urXhliXTn opene4«,nec.i,f lak^^^Sh Ae^is'S^pi, navjgble by steam power , a^* priS result .,f its operatio/JTay be, « yet m the bosom dt fS Crawford is situated 487 miles above St Louis, m^ ^Sst:^^L^:^XttiirrSwi.oas.^; S20mi£*^u^hri.e richest /alley of Wisconsin; by "■.» ro«t| CVeTaS uuinterrupted steam comm«mcatm ftom B. ,'-/»• ■ ... 4*, Doc. 186, f. -?'W« •.'4''' nicadon bIwS Z:^ j;'>en at once aJe^f aST" ""' ^^^^ ' IJ^^' r •^'- mJ ?'": and the Minnesota Tp^'. ""'^ ^^^ °ew Sta^f n? w-^'""^*"* ^«"^niu- ' f*^- 1- K'' t>- 'ff^ if •on the Missi4;t2S^y' rendering any of the aboTlT" "".' ^°^«» iteelf. This is a^fua whil ^''''^'' ^^ W«*" the lake, ^^""1^ ?°^t« will therefore brinrthr^nM •''?"*** ''^ overlooked bv ^^ ^^- ^0"« municatfon alsibr ni the ^ ? ^'- "" ^^"^^ant day IW r ^^Z''"^^^^ miles to the lakes. tStif^ ""^^^ «^ Galen^^neaier tv"' . ^ ?'^- wealth of the upper M.•,^•^^ ■^.''"''' ^^ to it ultima^fj iT u ^V"**^^ .transmission of heavvT'-^ ^ become tribufarv— .Vino 'l"^^"nt and direct, and thereC^o^^'^^'" «nd produce thisl^ThTr •"'^ ^ ^^^ ^^^ eraprtion of tMsLt T''^' '^"^ cheapest chLeT T'' "^^ "^««t rea^ sprun;? uTsev- , P"*' • ^^^^e^o^" Wk^^nJ- ^N ^^e east- , . ""^^^"^'^^^^^-^aversingth^^fuXrSll^ Green Bay, which h«o f ' "X w all direc- -f- -- t2,000,000 : Total ■■■" *•'""'••*" «,» 'k t •* - 1 't .f ^' ^"» «e shores of Winnebago, ■I *, »ii' .r-, I . ;. ■ ■' ' V 6*111. -I* ■■.. .;l^^^- ; > ■HI '«i. -»* a ^ -* v» -i (. ^ 1»K^ H. Doci iSm Gr^tt Bay, and ihe lake coast, from the straits of Mackinaw to ManK ''^^.^:^X^:J^'tt^o^ from the northward the^nver. "Tl^S^cZlolt^^^^^ several saw-miUs for the cuttmg of Sof^KSn^&tfS^^^ ^' I^ a vl ioS o?wS, and occasionaUy spreading to a width S^GOneet it cZther^^^^^ «^^de available to. any ^xtent ft. t^U^^^rX^^ its navigation will be, m all tames, limrted t. ''Thr'fower course of the Menomonee, toward its mouth, is bordered bv tmcts d-heavily timbered pine-lands, Ae nroduce of which is now ISS^^ into briskldemoiid in ^be neighboring Wma^^^ ^ Below the Menomonee, to the northeast, the White Fish, Escanate, „«?Fnrt rivers discharge their waters into the Little Bay de Nomut Ther-"" '^^^^ their skirj by extensive pme forests.^ which much lumber is annually ma^n^actured. ^ 1 The Monistique fells mto Efizabeth bay, ^f , ^^M^dLi^ principal business carried on upon the ^«la5l longing to this district, is fishitg and '^'^'^^^]^^L^^l.\ 3ers frequently stonpmg at them ^^^^^^^^^^2^ fc»w frtr t>ip latter of which grecenes, firuit, &c,<"are given m oirw a^id^es principaUy b/ ,l»,i^l»yment», and the cult.v««.J| Se SSSifs"^ co;>cemed, they aie in nowMe superior t»l ■"^ffcttdf'Kluaiu of Mackh»c which conn^L. ;^Za Michigit, is aa old niisslon.^ "S^ISS^h ji"» S first established above two untunes w> by Ae Fr^ch J^|^»; J? admirable forecast and pobtical wirfom wbch thCT ^"J" " section of aU their postsT It is, in feet, as to natural military s^ A^SSai of the tes, and nnght ««ilT be rendered alj^t ™ Z^ The present fort, however, &^]^^' "»?Z J^ fa^od for hafi- an hour, being connnanded by an AmM ,jt Vtvi^-"; ^ Be business o??he LarT"" °" ^^^ AmericrsW ^''^ "^"^^^ ™«^ foBows. for the articles wt-^?"P""°^ ^^"ntry for^c'^^ . , Imports, lOO.OcS b?rr ? l^ ,?°«««d the portage Ifl 'I ^^^^mated a* »w.= "■''^P'^'fo^'h^^-ne season, „ea,, Wta of copper, MS350 Fi^^S%"r:f:-»--"-"-V":.v.v;:::;:: . . .'. ^ $630,009- ; 25,^00 , The imports are about 40 rtnn u ^'?®* tception of one m?L "^^[^^e of 500 mies iH K *'^^«Portation kui^ndoubtT^^Sic^^^^^^^ ^p-T «^ '% iraf r*^ ^ M Ai six veis tb^n . ? ''''"* ^y two-thir5s S?M !u ^'"'^ P^^t [Above the Sault is the wh I ''''^' ""^ PbelaJceirssa miles- ""^""^^^^^^^s and merchant. h ^^ is 1^0 mile? S.7T ^'^«dth from Gmnd ?«] ''^^ ^^." « hand richnessTwTich infiT/ ^"^^^^°"« fresh^Sr fi^ S^^ N.W that they will alw« to «ifinitely exceed those T!l'?' *^ fer c.„««, o4i,p,^^^^'^<^™'' """-^ "f "-em navigable' ^ H. Do*. 18* • • •♦« »r onmp o^ the most valuable nunes, bors, in^the inun^t| -^^agf isTw feve 'el. felt where the ^?^^f,^fJ^^Sis already a place of some grooving The niouth.of ^e Ontona^n ^s y .^^^^ j^^^^ ^ ^ g^ ijusiness, as is La Point^^at me ^ ^^ commerce tor harbor. I^le ^^^ ^?PP*' ^X^'^ZenTof Siineral W^^^ te importation of supphes and ^e shipn^nt «J^j^ r ^^ere there StheW of KeweenaMT bay, M^que^ y ^ ^^,,, ^ is a good harbor, are ^ pl^,es J^^F^IJ^^ S Ste.liarie to the woufd seem that the whole 1^^^?^*' ^'^^e. and it is scarcely possibk HeRoyale,isrich "f^^'^^^hiS^JfS expected, when the present to conceive the results Jj"^*^ "^^y ^ their highest standard of pro nunes shall >ave been d-ebp^d^t^^^^^^ ^g^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^^ ductiveness, and others, as u i and prepared for ^^P^^^^^^^^^^ four propellers, and a considerable , T We are at F^^^^^^.^/.'^^nU of which W been dragged over- number of smaller s^^^^ng J;'f "'/.Ue i)orta«e, in constat employment land, by man and horse «^ ^ the Por^^ ^^ ^^^ carrymg up supphes «"d bmgmg oacK^ ^^^ ^^.^^ ^^^^^^ th^a^cfeshavene^essan^^^^^^ drawbacks, tk isthmus; and yet, under «^ •_ • rphis consideration oidy issuf -traffic is F«fi{?f.!"i^J^^r^^^^ ficient to establish the P°!.^^^J^J^^iu-pr^^^ ship canaL the construcuon oi an adequate ^w J ^^^^ wellK:oncert«l Indeed it may be «f ^^^^^L T^ ' ^^^^ inprovements, areonly system 4>f V^^^<^ T'^' TSitri^ aTthis district not the leas^ Wanted to ren^r ^^f ^^^^.^^t^^ras A^^ are now the most bea. the most valuable and °aost impor^ , j X and most.interesting pomon oMhj Um^^^^^^^^ The enroUed tonnage for the Macfanac<^^^^^^ ^^ b^ ficial reports pi J^^^f'^^i^ie^^ere several steamers and propena. is evidenUy maccurate, ^ thereje^^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^ ^ f^'i:l^l rrintre^SJJSron the waters of t.r.n ba,L.^ «ri reports made from "jf °^Xre^X it. as they do, impossM too muSh deprecated o'^^eplor^f^^^^^^^^ su^ienUy e^pW rwarXfficiXiSS:'t: S perfect understand^g of a . j^tronce so intricate and so miportant. . . . Canada trade in 186^4 s ll ^ ' ... «3,967 Imports Duty collected . No. 16.— DisTiiicT or Milwaukib. tode^^ ..,/ 4^^uS4» t.W J«j&Ij>. 'Ai K Doci 136. M Ibat have been made of .Vol 1 iHt -. -? i • ir comvBxison. ^^ ""^ '^ ^^ commerce, giye linu ' ' "^' 'f'''' Tie coast extends frnm qu u opportuniiy fi^ -; :'/. •!» - ;|j* northern line ofAe^S "" ^fe^^^Jg^, WiscoMm u • ' - t ^ V # or Southport, Iticht ^Tii?i Sheboygan. pZ W«i»?^"^ * ^"odred the State^W^onsi^on ^^^^'^^^ These pi^^*^?' Kenosha, boygan is inunediateJviS? '"^^l*^™ «h«re of &^. «.^ 'f^^^ in situation for busW Z T^>^ Strict of M^t;^''''^?^- Sh^ TheStatelecisCt ,1 """"^^ t^e harbor need« » ^^i' ^asagood There is an fSEt f^^ ^*^^"^ ^ ^^^ for tSs ^ " ^'"P/^^^"^ ■ soil of which orfiZih^Z^ "^""^^ the rSr%'!^^«^«'«00. gnun; in the last two ve£^"^^" ^°°d returns ^f tbl ^'^^^S^' Ae a total failure. ° ^^^'' however, the wheat cronhn? ''"^V ^^ The imports of this port for 1851 ^ ^" "^^* Exports do Hl^^^^f^^y^ere Total -. 121,705 Entrances, 730. •••__M26j666 If tlusponneSi^jf 4";^. grazing, «^d woSF.|^"S%"3iacent ^ofPort Was4^J?oS.'; "^^^ r^ . ** . do .".'.■;; ••-. $904,400 Total .._ 139,450 ffport, the name of which hJ,' ' 'wi?^J^» /M increasing very rajiiSl^ ; ** ^^ '" consequencTth/ kI , "**"™ export thpir r JiT^ j^"|y "^ population anH VkT • ? °'"* coun- ^ y «.how the imn^^t. ^. .... ^ , ^ °^^ *^ r^'X ^^«»P^*^ta for 1851 tp have been do exportaforl851 ^"•••- ^1.306.85e |W " fiW,S«8 nces, 856. 1 ' * , 4. ' ••*t»£i . .»' ■'>y -ni;*! Ota / ^ ^kcm. , -*!, A.«^ KMiosha, on a beautiful stream of Racine Ues ten mites ««^^ fr^^rS';e^pects exceUent except the s^e name, which forms a ^^^^^ ^/^^ f^s mouth. The popu- lation of Racine m 1840 was ^bout 1,0 ^ j^^^^ p,o^ect from its principal business, however «^«^; °^ feighl-and is, wihout doutt, Suth, as at Kenosha. The c^ty is on a^ g^^ ^lev lanJ. The ba.k the most ^beautiM site for a lake mty, ^^^ ^ ^^^^^^ ^ ^^^ ^^^j^^ country, depending on ibe city lor su^ .^^^ to Aat Already described m other parts ot tne ^^ $1,473,125 Its imports for 1861, were •.'.".'".*. M .* - - 1^.034,590 Exportsfor do, •- ~~r7ZZl ^ 2,607,715 Total-..- Y ^ - '~~ Entrances, iM^r ,, .^ „„ ,1 ^jrincipal port in the district, is sit- Milwaukie, the port ot entijr a"^J"'*7 ^^^ harbor for vessels and ^aSd on Milwaukj^ X^"t Tt nSrsonfrimprovement. to. make it i^pamers of bght «l^aught, ^but it neeas ^Milwaukie is in one ^y of access to ^^8^^'^^' JZrek a sort of bay. or bayou ru,. SSnrb:SadX'K^lniakinga^ shelter agamst all but -¥^?c^ftLds v^yo^^^^iiir^^^^ ^e very Sgh and ---^^^^^^^^.'^oZh^s. Itifthe termm. ' north from Chicago, a>\d c°5^^^"„; ;^ ,„„ „ which is fimsbed some fifty Sf the Milwau^ ^l^td Su^^^ Communicate with the M. . milea west, and is mtended fj^^uai ^ ^ ^^^ ^^^ugh m Sssiopi at Pubuque, or Praine du Ch en. x m i^gnsetraic ofTm^t fertul Locomotives . — A- Potter's clay 30,694 tons 6,980 " ..-■ 81,985 bags . * . 34,881 barrels . . 17,617 " .. 1,208 " -. 40,401 Mfeet.. 4,666 M . . - - : 13,126 M .,- - . - 12,788 6,617 barrels - 2,177 tons 507 " - - ■ 2,329 l?arrels . 350 tons 124,240 pounds 1,376 cords.. 666 tons- . . 11,160 160 tons... Value. EXPORTS. Art^ea. Quaatity. Flour . . Tork,. Beef.. -Wheat. Oats.. ^arl ey.-^ ■*= 142,015 barrels.. 6,000 " -- 4,043 " .. 687,634 bushels.. 193,406 " . 137,163 Wool. Hides Ashes Lard JSrobm-cora '^72,708 irauncte^ 604,600 " 1,418 tons... 46,000 pounds 843 tons... $16,297,000 3,602,287 4,698 43,601 26,275 4,832 404,010 46,560 26,250 2,550 65,170 15,239 12,400 j 3,491 1,750 ■ 7,464 27,500 27,800 2,787 [ " 40,OflO| m 19,560,71J^ Value. $426,0 70,0 28,» 412,8 38,0 274,a =111,^ Art Corn Merc Leai Litnd' Brick Haj SMp-knees LoMber .. Laths Shingleji. . . Fish Wood Stoves . . . andise : Hoop-poles Potatoes.. . Sundries... Portof enby, Ch »n m 1840, 4,470 i JM district is ab< "nCity, in Indiana «M8t of Lake JW MM8. Michigan C fle commerce of M 'definite returns .fi ^^. Itistheo tfiom Chic^, an, ff Michigan Centra: pgo» and most of K exports of flour, A te^o'wWeradon. Pajegan is situate ■jeofLakeMichigaj ^g^;^t8 onlyS-i ^fieBdygSn, an^ ycircumiacentto Jje and adapted an ^ and tune annually *«»naot, therefore, lb n.V. s!fefcjj'.l'»v ;Kg»rto^-Continued. 9tS Corn Mercjiandise Leai Limd* .,'_"' I 987,840 Brick .\V,'.' 2,500 barrels Hay ; 853,900 xbandise...^,,.; ''2,342 bushels V- " 1.535tons '""■ pounds. Bar Sfaip-Imees. LoMber . . . Lathfl Shinele^. .. Fish Wood , Staves 250 tons. *■ 279 ■ ' * * ■ 1333 M feet* "■ 947M: '*'* 1,199 M.'* 3,584 barrei 10,000 cords ■" 200 M...""' Hoop-poles ....*"" Potatoes Ill |Sandries. . - . .'.'.\.".\\' | 25,000 bushVls '*.534 tons 10 tons.] 50 M ' S28,936 767,00a 49,392^ 3,700. 2,500 \ 5,580 » 18,330 V 2,470 A997 14,8^ 20,000 4,000 4,000 50O 7,600 2,093,8^ , ^o. 17, -DiSTfti, Pm of entry cUr. , ' •'"""''' "' ^"""'°°- City, the commerce of MSiZp^2^' «»^ Chica^T^e IJ , "^ *^^ Michigan Centra] "cago, and most of tl *°Si.¥?5rTiSf £*!*!»■ "»5. iS" ™««. l4Se L '""''^ °P» it- ^ "^ "^W an the tapeiuKg '" -t X'l -2t6 H. Doc. 186. ^.Ul not fall short of the general progress of its own and the neighbo^g ^"^p account of th^^nn^^^^^^^^^ ,,05S; being eJs^rer24f pTo^teCu^^^^^^^ 105 schooners. 2 barques, and 3 sloops. . . „.„.^^pnt of the commerce of Waukegan, P**^' IMPORTS. Artidet. .tons. Quantity. Merchandise j^j iiumber ' " |^ Bhingles j^" * |*f^« V.Vba^rek'. g?lt do... ^io"[^; '.;*.'.*"■.'.'.-*.-■ *i°-- Whiskey -•-- y/io.'.'. i^*"^ v.. .bales.. Broom-corn - - Sundries unenumerated .^^^^ Total imports. 1,110 4.368 809 476 2,804 371 809 451 210 108 EXPORTS. Articles. 1BV>eat. ^"^If^- Oats. Com .. 3arley Seed.. ....do... - : do... •*•*•■* do... Tlour.. ...■.*.■*.*-■■-'-- ^^/^ %<-^ - ::::;t:: %v:::;:;::::r:;::: pounds 'Sundries unenume^ted Quantity. 173.129 64,090 29,874 8.943 1.480 3,340 260 62 36,800 TotoT exjports , ..•...---, Total imports Total commerce of Waukegan. Value. $565,0(H) i 43,69i| 2,0 4,7501 4,201) 1,113 1,313 1 ^ 4,5 31)1 169 2,751 619,S3il Ykloe. $103,J 41,* 10,« H» Doe. laa. n% The city of Chicago 8tanrl« «* *u ^^ population of about 40 nm? J "^® ™°"th of the ChiV«.r« .• oVLake MichiffJ L f h- ^' ^1' «» the river debour-hS •"'^'/ ^* « it8 import trade It isTSj' ^^^^^ ^up^es £ export 'T^^ *^" ^"■ commercial depot Th " ^^ account, ^gt favnSS ^"^ consumes into two afflueTts 'the norr"' ^"'^^"^ ^ ^^^ of^T^^kf^^^^'^^ for a of the main rive? InH ? S^"" ^^ southern, thecT^^ ^'""^ ™*^« "P bribes wherTby'toTf jj>^ T' «^ both the tribuTaiferitS '^^ miles south of tLe city tt T"^^.^°°^'""nication for^lcbit ^°^^"« south branch at a nfar^ . .Pl"?!^ ^"^ Michigan can^lfT-' ^^^^ stream is navigabt^irLf''^ Bridgeport, aS up to .bt"' ^"^'^^ Iwcrby means of it the wSof tT i2."^g^P«rt to PeruT^n the ri— "^ lio that canal boats can r^Sf? ^^ Mississippi and the JaS» ^?°'^' [nna, as indeS to ^^ ^- . Vf ' ^'•°n^ cl^cago to^St T ^ '^^ ""i'*^^' / < • •• , iTk i' :r^*^<«»c exists^ IThe iollowinff tables U-ii »; "" '"* '""^ ''° .i' •!■ .4- •' jt It ,, > t ■ !■ Ki ^Sp ''*"^~J> ♦ . ?v r ■ii- ;&\»!i.4^ a,.' '?" 1,1 -V' . . I '<€,• 11 S18 H. Doe. li The oroKressive value of the imports and exportj of Ctuc y is ex. hiSSSra series of fourteen years, which wiU be founi to ^n. tKtKfthe actual progression bf the place. • In 1836 . 1837. 1838. 1839, 1840 1841 ImporU. $326,S03 373,677 fi79,174 630,980 662,106 664,347 isS;"""*: 664,347 1842\..>^ 971,^49 1843 1844 1846 ... 1,686,416 2,043,446 ^rT^*"! *. 2,027,160 J!t?"i :::.::: 2,64i,862 1861.:*.*'.:::: ,..». 24.410,400 Export!. $1,000 10,066 16,044 38,843 228,635 348,862 659,305 682,210 786,604 1,643,619 1,813,468 2,296,299 6,395,471 - From 1842 to 1847 the leading articles of exi^rt were wheat.flc b feS^rkf^d w^L The quantities exported m those years were.J follows: . \ Wheat, bosheli. Floor, barrels. Tn1«42 V . 686,907 2,920 IsS'** . 628 967 10.786 JiJi 891.894 6.320 i845* " . . . . 956.860 13,762 1846" ..... 1,469,694 28.046 1847"" .... 1,974.304 32,638 Beef and pork, barrela. 16,209 21,492 14,938 13.268 81,224 48.920 WoQl,p«ai| '= 1,500 23,060 96,635 216,616 281,222 411,48S From 1848 to 1861 no valuation was m^e of the importatiwso eioTtbuf; ^d the valuation of 1848 is deemed so utterl;5r mcorw S^^^ldess and unworthv of citation ; for Jje v^auon for^ year included, mider tiie head of exports, ev^y small Mof^ whethersent ikto the circumjacent country for domesUc consurapda ^ sSp^? coastSse or foreign, by the lake, for actual exporta '' '^^m^^ S'shows the importations of lumber during. years mentioned:. The table beIo\ fiom Chicago duri and increili^e or dec Article*. W]Mtt......biiabeIa. Elotr ban«b. {Cora bwheb. Oiti.»* ■••••.. do. B«ef... btrr»l«..| Pbrk do. JTiUew do iLfra.. .do... jBiMB •..do.... I ■Wool pounds. iHidai ....No.. I Exports, I American vessels . I British vessels ..[ 'Ammcan vessels. British vessels.. onnageinward.—Amc Briti fonnage outward.— Anw Briti [The country aiwmd th r W very fertile; wh , and laid the perman iUmois and Mich at Bridf^eport. netF ^ r— « the.^fati^ pe, *Qx, Kankakee, ai per, opens up to a north. SjMnaljvas first open© pi'een hut four seions ^>»e.' 19f I 819' The table below avk.'k.v. - "^^ to Chfc^ d^g A^ ^n^Lf „^ '^'»« "tide, of »^ Article*. Wb««t......biiahela Row bomla I Cora bwhek lOito do... |B«ef. btmb I Pork .•••••. ..do... JTiUow do... iLfra. .do... |BMOB...'...,..do... IToNOOO *••••. do.., ■Wool poaiMk iHidM ...No. 1 American vessels . 1 British vessels 1 Ammcan vessels. . British vessels CANADIAN TEADE IN 1851. \ Imports, $4,935 876 tomge inwanl.--Americao'vessel8~.team. British vessels—sail . linage outward-American vessel^teai^.''; British vessels 5,811 • - . $93,008 - - 23,117 116,185 ^*y collected. $1,204 182 1,386 2 , 652 tons. 2 290 « 2 428 « 5 7 2 2,183 tons. 1,628 « 428 « m h^ up to a Si'SSZ!; ""'"'"%. by mSTrfil ptMial waa first oDenml i ™? " "^.S"®* com vallev of the w«!r ■, vJ-«i : ^-^aSKiv ' 'r V }» . »w 5ushelsof com; ^«« /^^^T^^^^y ^j^^fj from the lumber districts of Michigan and Wisconsin, 126,000,000 H ofTumberSo!oOO,000 of shingles, and 27,000,000 pieces of ^ which, according to the Chicago Tribune-esteemed the cor^^ ipumal of that place most worthy of confidence--64,000,000 ij^ Cer were shfpped by canal, and 44.000,000 of these reached i Illinois river; 6M00.000 of shingles were shipned ^7 cjal. « ^000,000 of these reached the Illino.s; while oHath 12,f J^JM^ Chicago for the south, of which 11,000.000 parsed beyond the tennffl - ^e c mtiime^! aihiret>f the w heal c io p in north c rn^^^^ ■ the attention of farmers to g^f ing «nd wwl-^rowmg, t(j j^n M^ , prairie laftds are admirably adapted, and of this the result* are »: .,« ^ V • —^ tiallv seen, in the returns. , ^ » • „ o„,i ^m^*^^ . -*.* '" In 1861 there were slaughtered and. packed, for ^^""^"^ZJmllll' * lish market?, in Chicago, 21,806 head of catUe. The <»»"P'"«'^'«»«^'S44,--:^- -i;. !(!• . f J\' a j\>t. vi^yi^ » !4?j'^^ iL^JW't^j-i^iStJ^-dvtv^ i J ?J' .beefauring the same year were 52 fiAAK *i , *^ ««y to«ay that this beef is of thffi!. *^°"f^' ^"^ ^*t is hardlv n«,« this d.y as weU known, Jthl Jhe "'2^"^^' ^^^ Chic^o bfef ^^t its succulence and tenderness itf^^T ^^^"gJishln^kets fS^ ?r:l^t2fe^^:^r,£^^^ b.,TeIs.fpork.theSt^P,^^^^^^^^ b^tbew prame States, when theyahaU hJTT^,"'^ *' P«M re^^ ■,Telte,I83;achooner?l,i^'2l|" "e as foilowa: steamers, 663- m Wng,707S:^!;i^"'^'r^'3°» ■•.» ^'•* °f J™^. ««, wa. The foUowing table wiJl exhiS Tif' *°^^ ^^^- N aijcles o? export and Sioirt^^ T'^'^'^ ^^ ^^lue of the nrin fe the year 1861 : ""^^^ coastwise, at the port of Sgo; EXPORTS. m .*.'*. » » ■ « » barrels. ' ^ bushels.. ■ .-do do do.... pounds.. oarrels. , do.... pounds.. do..,.. ao.»i.. * do - . -number. •• pounds... p«te= ^-baiTels. ^ "---••. number. ..iT'' barrels. cj,' -^^ do. 71,723 436,808 3,221,317 8,537 767,089 694,783 62,865 20,622 1,084,377 2,976,747 899,504 650,955 31,617 1»086,944 '482,758 «215,16a 262,084 1,169,674 4,268 15,218 41,687 370,055 287,^08 65,068 238,14a 81,960 32,548 88,527 48,875 11,690^ 75,000 14,180 6,371 65,800 1m. Si * I vm Exporta-^oatxDXxed. ^ , ^_„ bushels JS^***' ....barrels... Mfrchandise .-.bS::: ^8\^^^ : .pounds... Leather - ^^^^ _ _ _ '..*!*. '.do. ".'.'.. - :: do Lead... . Iron . . . . . Furs Buf&lo robes Cattle...,. do.... ..number.. Sundries unenumerated . 2,000 78 2,4«1 1,878 33,875 1,376,872 144,380 664,600 7,216 448 Qtiaatity. .tons. Merchandise.. '...bushels.... If^y barrels... JS?"^ bushels... ^^^: ...thousand feet. J"™^^ thousand... - ?^\"«^^' ■ • * '■ ".'.thousand pieces.. }f^- . . . .cubiS feet. . P™^^^ • ...pounds.... g??" • ...gallons.... Molasses .....larrels.... Z"^^; :::v.iimb^r'.*.". Naland-spiesV.; ?^^^;-- Locomotives - -^ j„ \^ ::::^.v. )H.h ■*" — -0^TO 6 » » » ■ »— <>-■ ^km^ 3^,368 12,331 6,630 26,084 126,066 60,338 27,683 410,679 3,139,800 81,166 128,641 347,600 9,742 6,924 198 44,034 4 41,667 10,286 9336 6,267 11,316 Value. $500 1,872 l,24ff,500 18,780 16,937 68,79? 66i,S00 3,6 13,4M| 48,55» 5,395,471 Vaku. $21,081,9 6,l«l 19,S 16,6 1,250,1 150,8 275,8 21,« 2m 32,41 ' 192,81 17,01 97,li ii;! 9J Coal Sundries unenumerated . . ..tons.' .-•' "SOiOOiK • • • f . Hereto&re the vi IseparateJy, with sue] lAkiy, in regard to |a.Tenue8 and outlets j f exporting and imvi h many cases, h urlHtraiy, to suit the cither on geographic tone time character 5 same district, and ally the same quaJi I view to presenting a *m regions, with th quirements of farth© bost interesting regioi Vhole Jake country, wi Itiantic coast, and on t Meracy at large, into « I Commencing, therefo puntiy proper, and pn Hntioned is, iThis lake lies betweei It and west, and for a *Tsh province of Cana > to south, and varie Pth of water vaiyin, i the ouUet of Lakel ,wy, Au Sable, Missisc HetisbytheSorel, pence, some 46 miles She New York and Vei te?PP°f'^ imaginai « highly cultivated, fert J^iurnMhing supplies nUesofNewYorYtotl {^astmowitainsinterae Imtervales, sends dam IJousand tons of iron ^.™;^ thousand of p: 'dtheChamplaincafli THE LAKES. 228 Heretofore the variono ^;«*.- . - kparateJy, with such sf^L? ''^^ °^ collection havp ?.o 4^ in regard to thl??"' ^ "^^"^ attainablel^d H. " P'^^^^'^d ,.%the same qSes^J?^ ^??y adjacent Ssll^"^ ?«d «ew to presentiig a ^en!?^ fclities-it has been ulKf '^ -"j U regions, with^thlrSjB^.^"°^P^^hensibIe sXSof S "^'^ ^uirements of farther ijBK^ '"*^'"^'*^' ^^^des, i^Smf ?^ ''*; ^ost interesting S,Bfcr,' ^ give a cursZ sW^^/ ?-^ ryelaJiecouBtrv.>^>n^^ ^^^» and thereaftZ t„ S °^ ^^^^i itlantic coast, aS^orthi"' '"^^'^'*«' ^^^ influence on thi^ v"^^* '^^ rferacy at Wg^ Into teS^' "^^^^' and weU-ZS^ "/;? "'^'^^ Commencing^ therefore from l"""™^* ' '°"" ^untry proper, and pi^c^edW in^ir'^'T^'' *"^^i""« of the lake rationed is, ^ ^ ^ ^"^ «"^«' westward, the, firsMo be This lake hes between the States of V« pt aad west, and for a amaiij- * ♦^ermont and New V«^u 6 whole value of til j'^'w oi ^j •. ', i'l ' r ' ' • -J lEtl I 1*1 "I •-■' '■:'•*.■•'# ■' It «• .<■ «, - ■ > i'- f 't: .i'< 1 'I, ■^■.■'ptlM-p ■4- ,. ,j:. J24 ... ..m^Dim-'^' L a frtfe navigation up or do^^^ ,^^f,fgh^^^ canal, uniting at lo the Gulf of St. Lawrence; and ^^l^^^^l'^^^ thence giving WaTerfordwith the Ene cand -^ H^^^^^ ^^^ of^^S access to the port of New York and me ^^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^.^ssmg the burg raiko^d.'froin-\fi"^„lC' 1^^ where .it makes a junction upwr end of the lake, to Bmlm^^ railroads, and so proceeds ^Sithe R^tl^d^^nd Vermon ^^^^^ ^^ I, Whit. to Boston and the fa^^ern harbor^ oit eonununication, vii haB railroad l?y Ballston ^oJ'oy^^X^.^^ ^^ ^^ f New York- *the Harlem and H"d«°"^J,^„^^r^^hich may be added all the advaD- vast facilities fof ^^"^^Xel^TTdcolmg, possessed individo- :' LAKE ONTARIO. This lake is 180 mUes -length by^^O^^^^g^,^ mean depth is 500 feet, its W.^^^^f SL 'o^^^^^ the superfluc«, square m^es ; its I*f "P^^^^^'V the Xgara Falls arid riyer. waters of all the grelt upper l?^f ' ^y 'f g^e, Irom the Canadian side- Its only tributaries of any XXte ofl^ew York the Black riv«, the TrenlaBd Credit, ^dr^^^ ^ by ^he chapel rf the OsMvego, and the Genesee. ^^^^ . ^ ^^ down a steep desceo^ the St. Lawrence, through the ^hous^^js^ j ^^ ^^^^^^ ^.^i • broken by many rapids and chutes, to Mon ■ further difficulty to the ocean. especially on f^^ The shores of this lake on both s^^^' "u ^ i^us, thick southern or New York coast,combmep^^^^^ settled, and productive ^^^^f ^"^1^^^^ flourishing to^ns, . spetsed at every few nules of length-oy ^ j^^^ ^f Genesee^ iTautiful viUages, restmg W/r^^"^J^Sness of its soil, andt ferior to few in the world «^^^J*^^ F^^'^untry not e^^^ . quality of its grain; and a fruit or ^"^^^^^^ „ost valuable - ?t haJ also, Ordering on it^ .!«^?^J™ J^"^^^^^ ^hile all the reg . latgely exploited ««lt ^hstrict of the U^^^^ temof i ad^ining i^ possesB rar^ ,^f^^^i ^ the Erie canal, running near temal communication, and especiauy m j ^^^^ parallel to the lake, through tyjl'^l^X on Lake Erie, to Alk Eundred and sixty-three nules ^^^^f^f ^^I^" ower atforded by ' Sn the Hudson river. ./^^ abundant jaterj)ow^^^^ It is united with Lake Erie by the Welland cana^ of N^af^apable of admittiri. ^X^ fS ^i-the heav3 hundS and tl»irty feet over «J^^^.ri*fs^cffir above, and Si«t can be carried across the flats of Lakes tot. ^iftu WiAtheGulfofstL.^ ^'*'*'''°™°"'H»rfeK under Jake stfeamboats Dlvinrr K * *^eJIand, construrtS ^°""?». of superior •S^cH^se, and fbe ol^lt::^<> -nal, f;^^^' th^ P^?^^"«»'4' iO«utingwitli the Albfnt „ i^^"'^*''6 08we;?oands! ^^le canaj « Juirty millions, aM ft^Kr"''^!,"''^ •'« l»ke for issi „ h. I-AKE ERIE. . This lake, which IJoo k ^ " -.v P55' and 83° 23' W L v ^^" ^1° 22' and 490 no' k . ' ' I lengthy 50 average breSrt' ^^ ^%t'eal in sM^ . ^{ ^"'""^«' «^d fcSiter; 322 Xve ?hf^' ^^,° ^^^t mean demh »„tj^^"*.266 miles fakes Hurin and fein k^^^ °^ ^«^^ OnS ^ t^? ^^^ above H: Doc. IM. ^^ * ' , _^ «» ^m»1pr cultivation are as yet I i„mj»ratlvely l''»±^^^lMe cuUure, v,hat .t ma,<«e The tributaries of this la^^ are . ^ater-power, having at ils Weam of considerable yoW^v^ti^ ^^^^^^^ ^t^e.W.\ mouth the harbor o^ P^'^^^^K on the Canada side. From New Se and the only one worthy ot note wii ^^^^j^^ ^^^j^ SAr?eceive/theCat^^^^ outlet of which IS tj^^^flXe 3^^^^ the Maumee, Portege, SanduskyJ Ohio it is increased by the waters oi , ^^ j ^^ Conneaut nveiJ V^million. Black Cuyahoga, G^fd^^^^^^ and by those of the Elk «^^: ^f'^Srimportant affluent is, howevd vaniaT Infinitely ^ts.l^Jg^f^^^i^^^^^ the wide and deep "^f "^^^f^^teT-a descent of 62 ieet in some6^ %^^t,ol h;f J SrumiS surplus of the three mighty I. 1?;?SU their mb^^^^ ^^^,, ^,, ,.era,e^ Its natural outlet is the Nu*^ " • j g^ feet, descends, mi ofXee quarters of a '^^'^^^rsX'^ incomparable « 35 miles, 322 feet over *e foaming '^P possibility of nay^jaM. t^StZt str W" -^ - --^ '»"'" ^" V ^ianal, a noble ''•"'' »"t,ks?S7a«"*le from.lake to te ^ ^1^4 St°^-'i^ef^bU and 9 tee. draught- 8,000 barrels under deck. , j^ ^33 free egress to Lakej I* By means of this fanp W^^^n^e S by the various J Vio, and thence to tlM^J^^J^^; from Ontario and CtoJ . toents of that nver, andWnnmicaiion ^^^^ ^^j^^ gCny points as heretofo^enum^^^^^ i The artificial outiets «f ^^X orconsiderable age, and M jwrtant; many <>i'^^'^.fl^lrtideritexvn^e of the State rfl KdeJ<:^trld^^^^^ the Erie r These are. the WeUand cMiai. ^^e Hudson nver.andj iconnectini the i^aters of Lake Ej^J^^^^i^, Erie and Beaver j ^^J^ ^S^SZ::^.X^orlp ^ Ohio, aWmg^ Sririe,1^^^JySS^^^ iPittsburg and Cincinnati; ^"^^V'"^^^^^^ , > I •■ ' i W •'•. 'I • '*• J • ' 4f .V .>\i/,r I r A 'J H. Boc. i8(j, fiBe, in Indianaj and with th*. w k ,. **^ iB-the same State Wabash xiver nflv;»ot- > i f ■ ' T^ ^ S' - 1^ .^1 For land stelmtransDorr..- •. ^'' "^"^««^o« « Lafayette, ^i :'■'• J^ . >,' vPl toAIbany, where i7?.£^^*.°" " ^as the New V. i, r. -J - - J ^^1 'If. river, Harlemra)ltor""T"« ^^h the (Jelri^""*'"^ '^^ay T /.h,^*l ' %;'i and Coining and E Vn'^i:^^, ^ t^e eastern rSr!^S''^''?' ^"^son • I -. f S^ f^- '^ Ir! I and the projectedBufS^^'^^ct from Dunfirt L m ®^^^^e and lumbus railway, the Cnrt ^^ ^'^^^^ of Ohio, the nf^ [""""i '^^a^a amirailway, to C nciS^'l"" ^"'^ ^enia raSw^^ S^^^"? «"^ Co- necting witVtheteS' ^^/^^andusky a^dSstfd r^, ^"^« ^- andLake Erie raiwfT ^^ ^o^"ni bus road at fiSf ' '^^«y. con- bj.the Litde M?^r^^:3°J^ndusky city'to S ffl?ii raihxjad (the CincS w ° T ^^^nexion, S bv .kJ^"^ ^'^e^ce ■ Cincinnati,- aiid the f ^? cu^^°"^*on and DaVton «^o/^ ''^ ^'"^at JVfi- ledo, wher; k wiU cbn^!, ^Vf^ railway, desSneTt^^ « another, to • M of Lake MicbZ' V^ '^^ ^^^^mZuthlr^ ""^"^^^ *« To, NewBuffaJoand Sa ""!'? ^^*^°«Xce fw Jj h?^«^ *« the , kppi,and Fond du Cf i^^^ " J^^^ately to Galela ^^rth^? •*'' bgan. "^' vvmnebago, and Green Bav nn t f ^^««- I The estimated value of th. ' ' ^^^' ^^'^^- %itis difficult to fl^fin ^o»^«erce of Lake Vr',^ • *«« 1 extremelv shonlT. ^^ *"® embouchure nf .^ m'^ ™o"«h it» - MeoSyby^IlSr^'^ r^ ^"^uriaS crons of- ^^T^^ "ver Pgabove dne a^SfnT ^^ '««"°"« iel SLl "^^^ //^«' and pS. It recSvl.^ 1 "^ ^^^ns not more tW ''"P^^e of ad- h««>aler«S,^™ the Canadian sZ^th^tT'^ ""^ Ms^t fTet . ^ ^a.fedin/rT^^'^^^^^^t^e rs mere T fl '° ^T^ "^mhle :'^ , M # 9SS H. Doc. 186. u ■ o««tV.fir nass from the mouth of the Thames shore, however, there is another pass nrom m lakeward. . ',. , ,„„ ^mnpr to itself beyond the sale of This lake has little «>7^^^^„^. P^P^i^siT stealers and sailing vrood, fruit, vegetables. «^<1 W^doneCkf waters, and the JargS craft, although some 8M>-b^dmg « d^e o^ ^^^^ .teamboat rumimg on *^^l,^f ji& '^ the dis^ict of De-, No separate returns oi the small «h^P 8 P ^^le even to approximaie troit having been made sj^e 184^^^^^ ^considered that the ^bafe the trade ot Lake St. Claor , »« ^ j^ prosperous towns andinh business of the VP^ ^f^* "^^eTSllbotf si£s of Lake Michigan, measurably wealt^ back counmes on»do ^ ^^ and all the mmeral regions ot ^^f f^ ^ ^-^^^y necessary is & this outlet, it cannot but ^PP«^ «,^„?£XSons inlake St. Claira«i action of Congressfortheremovdofthe.obs^^^^^ around theM Lake St. George, and the ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ compares the apad, Ste. Marie ; nor can it fad to f^^^^^^isthe navigation of the uppS of the American government^ °^re?gy ande^estness displfS l^^rBril^itdPrSidXillh^^^^^^^^ the far™ bv the britisn ana jrruvuivi." i^wpr waters, and m penedw oLtacles P"=«»'fJ •» 3S *e " S'^rtaTef Hiron mJn^ a free ingress and egres^from the pons ui *j h U, the tile.wate.8 ot^^'^Jf^eTr'the. northward and westward The commerce of aU th«^^^,^J°. ^^b^ve sixty millions of dolk Lake Erie has an ^«^^t;te^"\t^ thousand tons of steamy with a Kcensed to^^^g^^^^^S Speriod of the existence of ifi sideration. ^ . \. .. LAKE HUBON. This superb sheet Of water liesb^tween^^^^^^^^ west, Lak? JficWg- - the ju^w^^^^^ ^, ^, Ontario on the «««* a^^uUiea^ ^^^^ .^ .^ ^.^^^^ J in length, and one bV^^^T^^^^^ a separate laJ elusive of the 9^^g^^ J^^f'^^^^^^^ chain of proW.nto^ . divided from It by the »f ^'^y . ';°^^_f Cabot's Headfthe Mam^ islands formed by the great Penu«ulaot ^^^^^ ; ^^^ ^ Cockbum. and Drummond g;°"P«! ^f^'^j T^n^ain thity-twot > mo^t crfpe of northern Michigan. It 18 said to con j^^ ^ sand isUis. principaUy along the "°i^^™ ^^^^^^ pi„nack western end, varying m «- fr^-^.^/^aS S^n i. eU large and culuyable isles, ^he sumce^ ^^^^^ - huSdred and ninety-six ^etjibove the ^^^^^^ ^^ bekwl? irpsaed fortv-five below that ot Lake ouperiui, m '5^.^^-- ■ jts geate st de pth is one thousand feet, near the wesi :rt°::. -:.,r^~^rt«yhBat- f e e t. . rr . _ pre — Micnigan.- xu» te,i'^^!^^^^L:^^ir~z,_^^^ <.4K'.>*-^«i*l Jt^ Doc 181^ At^ewuthernextremitvoftK. /. 2^ inr^^rie^^^^^ there , mrval and military ste^^^^^ J"^ o^ a Projected rafl^'°? * ^"ndred ! Canadian settlei^nte ^" °^ ^^n^tan j^^^^ *« «««« OKI, &c., and on the isIanH« « ^^ ^y®' ^ottawasauo^ K ™)?*"^* Chippewa and Pottet^r'^^^^^'d of it somr^"^ ^f^' ^«n*« l«e Jfcuce^es ,m^?*°?"e ^"^^«. rTurr'*^"^''^^ reserves tlHp the settled ''?jj^t^« I^acloche marniZ,?" "?«hem shore J«eph. These TeZll^^^ ^^ PartiaSyTxSa J fPP°««« ^ g«d^^beC^ i^e^Jtrs^I^^-^- «-^p"nt'of tt Nagg% viIW, with a fort ortJ^^ ^ **" which there ;7 =^ ^^ Ui^auist the American^°/f *^?«» «/ ^« Hudson Bav Com °"^' litem coast of Mirhi^ vuiage at the Sault. OnTkt ^ Company, l«fc Huron is ai.p^^ . ^ '''"^k for their fee k>of any kind for S c^mm^!^ havens. ThisTatl T *" ''^"^ I-AKB MlomOAN. Hf r od u c U;^ r r^^^ ^ ^ a k mild 'and l mT"^? '" ^^ hraee br^n^fU ^®** longitude: is -Sn ^r • .^^ latitude. aw '^ .J a ' * ' 1 . t'. ♦ <■ !* i(| * '• »> '■ f.K .&irl i-li. • . r^t; ■ ^.^tmitmmmwm ■~^ f tp^' ^W^m^^^ 2»^ Tnai.« in lenffth, by thirty in breadth, weU sheltered at its mouth by ^ TraverL^S^^^^^^ aiS having for its principal affluent the outletof ^the'^orf;Sc^^^^^^^^^ - t^^t-r MMkeaon. Grand, kalamazoo, and St. Joseph rivers, from the southern SnSof Michigan ; the Des Plaines, O'^aines, and Chicago nvers, fclndiana and Illinois ; and from the northern penmsula of Michigan, tte Menomonie, Escanabk, Noquet. White-fish, and Manistee rivers. TheUe is bounded to theVaBtward by the nch ai,d fertile lands o the southern peninsula of Michigan-sendmg out vast supphes ofall the cereal gr£ns-wheat and maize especiafly-equal it not supenor in qualky t?any raised in the United States; on the south and south- welt by Indiana and lUinois-supplyin^ com and beet of the finest qu5itv;in superabundance, for exportation; on the west W. the pro 3uS grain Ld grazing lands anS lumbermg districts of Wisconsin; and on tf e ^orthw?st and north by the invaluable and not yet halt Nexplored mineral districts of northern Michigan. .,,,.. ?rhe natural outlet of its commerce, as of its waters, is by the straits of Mackinac into Lake Huron, and thence by the St. Clau- nver down the St. Lawrences or any of ihternal miprovements of the lower lakes, and the States hereinbefore described. . Of internal communicaUons it already possesses many, both by cad and railroad, equal to those of almost any of the older btates, m lengtk and availabiUtyj-^nd inferior to none m importance. FkltTit has^the Green bay, Lake Winnebago, and Fox river |^ provement, connecting it witfi the Wisconsin river, by which it k Sccess to the Missi^ippi river, and thereby enjoys the commerce of ffl Tper vallWL its rich lower lands and prosperous southern cUe,, 3 second, the Illinois and Michigan caaal, renaermg the great «« vSey of the Illinois tributary to its commerce. By railways, ap| perfected or projected, it has, or will short y have, connexion witht EssSpi, iA iti upper waters and lead regions, via the Milwaukie a . ESi ^d the^fchicago and Galena iVs To the ea.tw^, the MicEan Central and Southern railroads, it communicates ^2ht LakVShorroad, and thence with all the ^^f te^n l«^es from Buffik^ ^.-Boston; and to the southward it wiU speedily be ™f d, by thegr« ^tem of project^ railroads through iVois and Indiana, to the ] sissippi and Ohio river. • .1 ,;c« It IS impossible not to be convmced, on suryeymg the magnifi« system of internal improvements so energetically carried out by tta Sll young, fend, as ft were, embryo States, that if they were, ij degree, antic^atory of their immediate means andjesources. th^^ not really in adv^ice of the requurements of the age and counti This is sufficiently proved by their triumphant success, and by theta position of popufa&,n. civilization, agricultural and commercial r tTwhich they and the y alone have raise d, »^ if by magic, the soli unexplored and untrodden WUdemesses of the west.-----^ By the strong, deep, and rapid river of St. Mary's, with ite b« and iaming SaSlt, L^ces Michigan and Huron are connected v^thj^ may be caUed the headmost of the great lakes, though itseU Je »* ent of the waters of a line of lakes extending hundreds of miles 1 i'i-'^i ^ ^Sfi.^^ ^ . *«-.■.. .J.*S^^ .V^*^;. P^ to the, canoes of the ■ ^AKE SUPBHIOR. .^ , lake Superior i"- lof pines and other ev^I ' ^''^'"^^ ^«h a sparse ^nf??^' ^^ °" the ItiaDV birch, aspen I^K"'' 1"'^^^ ^^^ t?e feeWp ''T^^ «^«^h lof the shores, it^hS^f ^^^ deciduous tree" of t? "^''"^ ^«&eta- bely.when these wSdS' ft ^"«^«P^We o?^efe^^^ £ttJe Woubt-theseatofa nr„ 7 T^.'^^'^on^e^^ ^^ it is pepend mainly f^ thS ^' r°"°"« P«P"lation laTv ^^VV^^' beyond K more gS tlnJ^f'^t ""^ ^^ ^dZctfaT. '"^^''^^^ts will . Uofthislke ar^Sei^ Tt ^"^ -sTwaT' Th°^T"^«' water, afford suDernh.Vn^ "^' ^d, brineinff doTvn i "^ tributary pensive in the^ wor^^^^^^^ \^'^^-P«^ver^fof man^ff ^?e volume^ Uerous falls mTchlte^Z^^' ^'^ their pSS^f^T *^^ °^°«t NfrSi^^^"^-^^^^^^^^^^ IPFr. ThJy conceLeT h ^''^''^^ i'nplemems Tnd ^'^^^ ^^ »^« Berstitious myste?^. !„'^^^.^er,the sitLtiWZ '''^^'"^"ts of pwereintroducJ^rT'^ ^u ««truments and wl^ '^ '"r^ ^«ba po abeySe?^A'?^"S: them by the wU^ZTT' ""^ ^°« «^d teous treSir? ^nr^?? ^^^*on is evStTv T f ^ ^°"^tless yet ^d que tfon Til f^^ "^^« "oyale Ind & ? "^^'^ ^^^ «f «wb. r!^ ^^ ^Wed, with more o? fess^l'"'™^ «"«ion. have b^ .T'^" 'w^ ^ *^'^** topography of Lake ,'L. , , '' - ■ • ■ •> " . i 882 % Doc. 18^ ,... ,v.'.»^»i Superior, which is appended to this repqrt. and Which, H. is beUeved, contains ipost correct and valuable information. , As vet. beyond the mining stations and the village at the Sault, Lake SuperW haJho towns or pk^es of business except the points for ffing the mineral products of her soil, and receiving the supphes Ss^V to the subsistence of the men and ammals employed m ihe eSS,n oHier treasures. Nor beyond this has«he any trade uni,,, He the exportation of her while-fish and lake trout, which are inequaUed brany fish in the world for exceUence of^ flavor and ""'onl^dS^for merchandise, or outlet for the produce of this vast lake and the wide regions dependent on it. is the portage around the sT,?lf TrrosT which every article has to be transported at prodigioug KCrexJense; wh^as. by a Uttle less exclusive devotion to vZt S^ deemed their own immediate interests, on the par of the individual States of the- Union, and a little more activity and enter- prise on that of the general government, «n easy channel might be Constructed at an expense so trivial as to be mere y nommal. the res^lts of which would be Advantages whoUy incalculable to the commerceof all the several States, to^e general wealth and well-being of Je nation, and to the almost immediate remuneration of the ouUay to Je general government by the increased price of. and demand for, the public lands in those regions. eulogy, Mineraiogy, and Topographu of the laif aromdLuJce Sup^ by^Lnv^a TTLckson. M. P., late Umted StatesGeolo^ ard C^ m1 A«ayer to th^ State of Massachusetts, and hteGeohgisttotheSml o/MaiZ, New Hampshire, Mode Island, atd for the pvlhc fani^j Massachusetts. , f Lake Superior is the largest sheet of firesh water on the face of the globe, and is the most remarkable of the great American lakes, not only from its magnitude, but also from the picturesque scenery of its border^' and the interest and value attaching to its geological leatures. As mining region it is one of the most important in this country, andisn,-. in veins of metallic copper and silver, as well as m the ores ot tlj« metals. At the present moment it may be regarded as the most valu ble mining district in North America, with the excepUon only ot the go deposites of California. , - , ,„ ■ j This ffrtJat lake is comprised between the 46th and 49th degree ( north laStude. and the 84th and 92d degrees of l^ng^^f^'J^ , Greenwich. Its greatest length is 400 nules ^^ts width in the middle / leo miles, and its mean depth has been estimated at 900 leet. l ssft face is about 600 feel above the level of the AUanUc ocean, andite w tom i8 30 0f eti lbel o^tfae^4evc l-oft b a^s ea . -T h e ancient-ErendiJ^ Fathers, who first explored and described this great lake, and mbim an account of it in Paris in 1636, describe the form of its shores similar to that of a bended bow. the northern shore bemg the arc, tl^ southern the cord, while Keweenaw Pomt, projecting Horn i ., .. %■ '•m * toe. i^eJ V ttatUe early e-rnw """»•> maps of „„f^""''f ^1" as SoS Beference to a formRr\T^^ ^^ surveys with^J^?j -^^ shores, and "#». 1«49,) fully J^^^' /«t session, Ex. Doc Sn « ^"'^^^ States. French ^xplirers^^fT^'y^' how much wL L^' ^^^ 3d, WaSfl Superior aid the renins r.;^°«^"PV and mheZ^ '''' *^ ^^e eX notwithstanding so^fo J?f^""^^'^«nt ; .^Erf'^'^^'^ °^ I^^e on the auneral refutes nf T"^"" muchjiE»«V'^''^^^ ^ do nS shJ>re»ofthehike ^''^'hepubJic ia3S|^HK;d ^ throw Jight Hin^soCXteumai^^ -hole S;1f»- kinds and oT hf es Jm the'iSSS ZT ^'<^---^rlbi:^^^ Ng crags oppose themselvertr.tr' "^h'^eniural preao^!?''°?,^ea^ preaten the unfortnnnfo J. • "^ *"6 surges of ,» •^^'^^.'Pces and beet- . Hee^hore, with ^^ W^i;',^^" ^^yhfc^lh?i'^'y ^^«» «S rhort. are ^bunSly S^^"^^^ clestruction. sfr ^ «^"^«» upoa stocky coast; and tLfT^*^ J^ the myriads of li***"^^"' °^ hiS! Hfe'^ capaciyrsuch as Zl ^ ^^ ««>d "X h^£r T*'*^« "?«» Myhough liely vJ^H^^hoats, schooSs 3 f/°',^^«««^««?" ^hor# Keweenaw SI ''^ ^ Passinrves^r?^ ^^ ^^^e. Isl^ ^Copper haTK'^i^^^^^^^ - - ^ ':««& *l^ 1^^' ^ from the surf undfir t^ . ^"hor. AdeauatP « I " ?"d sh^ter^ "d there is tolerable antl^^ ^^^ °^the ApDetlPi^^^tion may iS There are b« few iS ' .""?'' « the outlet of^h f7®' *^« !«# ^ ">ost remarSlv w ? I'^^ Superior • Iw H^' ^^ >«ndi8let%eTSlvr v^^^^«?n.X^^ it [^«to th^ w^/^^^^nortBg^ s'ho^T^f ^%dotteTwiti: ppjng over t6e lake3«; '^ surround Lake S.,^ • H^ly deep and eiX*^ "I^« ^^s surf^^ ®2^"Of. the wind* r '''e iake in batten.,^ . "*** j^fe, on this aclionnf^r^ dangerous to- r ^ order to hi «m ' .^"^ hence rov^rf ' '"^^"^^e far out fe the nK>nths of J^^i"/^, *^« ^and ll^e f "^'??y hug t^ k'lwarily safe • hL r ' "^^^^^ ^d Au^usT ihf * ®°^den stSrms! ^«^ ^ fi^mia, ?r I^Ti'^^; r^ ^toen of e,S "^"^^ pare always draiirr.*' *"^mpt long travpr^, ^^Penence never Rt M y^ Sn fm '^^ 1 ^^<^d t o p i ^ygg^P%-place.fo |^:rTa^:S?i^?^ ••-h-' 4' ""ill* 1 i'iJ.*'.. Wy mo?? &ts t^r'^^ ^^2 fe^^^ ^^^^ ^jl'e «wd»tone dSTh.-^^ ''^^ navigator. On .f ^'P«?"«' apd '^^^fromt4Zt:Sw::^l^-ural or^i^Sh shor.. ^-E, ./y/' ; ^/<; 1284 H. Doc. 136. -voyageurs. ^, , „ i ti^^^o nr^ hpautifiil boat harbors scattered b^the coast pflsleRoyale there are be^^^^^ ^ at its easterly along its whole extent on both !^f ^^h pSect like fingers tkr into extremity the bng spits <>f ''^^^^^^'J^i^^^^^^^^ theiake, afford abundant «1?^ ^^^J j^[, ^^^^ sheltered bay the western end of the island, there is a large ana ^^ j called Washington harbor. beware of the gently-shelving • Near Siskawit bny the «^^'g^^°^ ."^"^' ^^^ero^^^ into the lake, ^.•it red sandstone strata which run for many ™j[«^^"^^^^, ^„ ,^^ ,,„t,. a few feet only of water ^f^Jgi^^^/ ^^fe harbor for any vessels. side of the isknd. IS a large «" 1 f ^^^^^^^^^^ a very bold shore, and has good holdmg-ground ^«5 , ^"^^f^^^^ at it^ while the^umerous J^l-^^/' ^^^^^ ™ The whole "'^^To'f tCbt il nTu S kc&f thfbay of Naples, though there -Cjt ^^t the baek-gr-l^^^^^^^ , place so well calculated to restore lut^ fever-breeding soU ofthe ^uflered from the d^P^f ^^^^ ™?,Tlw^^^ the'Sault southwestern States. In ^^IJ^^;^^^^^^^^^ Zt on Keweenaw Poin^ Ste. Marie, mercury not .""fr^^^^^^'J^^^^^ ofthe air, the cold is where the waters oUhe l^^J^^/emper t^e^c^^^^^^^ not excessive,, and those ^.^^ ^?„^/rZi., than in the New Xla "'r^.-"°^;tr'onttneX.mar roads, -the sleds and sleighs s<«o jedgstrian, while, on the n^^^^ ^.^^ ^^^ froli,^, during Je fceat a track, on which gf^^^/;^''^ tlhern latitude. From researches W winter ^vemngs of tb^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ t^perature. whrph I have made, it appears tnai i ^ experimentt! Copper Harbor, on Keweena^^^^^^^^^^ '" . T)S"Tahte^reto^"n to preserve a constant temperat; native copper been transported far from their native ^eds ana pj S^duVrS^e shore '.t diLi*places 5 but even amrn^^^^^^^^^ TCl8, rabbits, deer, moose, caxibou. and "l^rs, have j 6^, Se waters of Lake Superior, and been landed on islanas I *' 1 '"V' • ». '' '/ Wr place, wh^t I'S^, V'^'^ ''"^i"*oalr;r^'» '"^^* ^-i? ■fee early Freneh «SS,t"r "■• "^^^ ' '"P'"^' ">e mJlsses of native mn^^^ ^ ,^^®*^ced the far.* c i A« fac« ,„ Z^,l:':^J'-:\by .tfft-fce.'but tv''"'?°««»S of bsrier on the rivers r, '"." ''eposites of mM,. • ^ ?""* no uil of ln>ce« that my ^ilJ^Jf ^y MowiL heS ? ""■ '"'''^ Xh .0 fever, SuiZTk^Zfi'^'^'^'^M.f.^ZV'""! '^^ which have scr aston,-«),ri , *° ^^e countrv tu ^^ ^"d 1845 .which subsequenXtrt i'^'u^^^W by S' ^'i^^^/^uable m^t,' «^^inXi;^?i<^^'^^^ S- Ma. ^r the work, howevS 1 *^^ ^"^^ance to the r«i *^^ ^'"^^^r's ice )out hall'a miJe.* The rZ T ''^"^'t approach th^ r'^^y^d. Ves- per to that distance and I'^T' *^^^«^re be eli^i" nearer than Aijust be WhastorJI u^*"™ «^ thp ice bS!l "^ """^ ^*« the h «g^st perpendicu W ^ ''^ '^ »fe ov;r 'h^'"' ^.^^^s, or ^ hper slope, or bevel t?;T ^^^^- This is to h! i^™' ^'^ not to d break VtopieS' bI'u^^^'' «« that the ice tT ^7^'^'ng a k be sufficiently protect f"''^"*^^^ the harbor "n/" "^^ "P them r *e of the ™1V- ""Penor, and the inr„l J? " »"'' increase f'M,„bdS,Z f "'"- pouring tatoJh„^u™l^ »» weSS "«t7 see the trade of Hud- ^ ■-* 1 ', ■ ff'- IK 'I ' -' 1 , i •■ ■, .1 If't ■ M k '•♦ v: i '4» I _ tf! ©oc. 186; Js bay flowing into the «ed ^^tates,^^^^ our other great^l^^s «nd nvers. For that^ej^y ^^ J canoe voyage from Lake SyP^"^^^^^^', cSSy carry on constant long, so iat the Bjf ^^ H^.^^^,^^^^^ posts upon conununication with their f^^^^^yf^.^h- British iwsts in Oregon travel Lake Superior; and their agents ^^^p Pa^f^ ^^'^^^^ from theiTstations on the bofd^^^ ^^.fe r^v^J^^ ^bis son's bay and ^^^ ^upen^j^ then: ^^^^«^.^^^^^^ undervalued northern region has P^^^^unately been ^ ^ .^^^^ ^^^^^^ -^ It is now ^«ow^ be one of^^^^^^ aredepositesof na- America; and it should oe ooru« MoKenzie's rivers, in the same kinds T TthrcoS'hf :tu;:S tL metal on Keweenaw of rock that cont^ tne si p ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^ ^^ Pomt and the Ontonagon rivers r. y ^^ ^^^^^^ popuktion farther northward. jUte^^^^^^ ^^ .J^^^^^^ seal-skins wiU be brought nejer to ^^ ^y ^nt^rP g ^^^^^ ^^^^^^ %tlS^e i tv^ome TnZ pubh? faith is setded on the vdue Ihe tune is uuw cui .mderstood that good working nnne» of mineral P^^^d^^^rf^/^tid,^^^^^^^ and'miners, axe sure to <^«™™7/^ .^^^^^^g i^^^^^ no greater risks of failure than since It IS proved that mmm| IS lia^^^^^ precaution *e exercised ^y'ZlZ^^:i:t:^^^ro^ ^^^ --- and i. working tl^^ to advantage. EOCKS OF LAKB SUPBRiqE LAND DISTRICT. 0« approaching .he Sa^ S^^^^^^ ^ ^, ^^l' St g«JogUt h^ an .«PP^"f'7.^,tre^7|ai„t Jolph's island, ^i\ strata, hy observuig that .*^,™^»™*' "',^^8 of the Pevoniaii ml the other ?"f «»"» jf !i^J>''Sby w^h *" 'oJk i, deteS,i.S ^tT^^^jS^l^Sr e'of Sfa/h^, been S^yP-f';';:! "fS^.SgL,a.ythegd.nd«r^^ are above Devonian rocks, and therelor^ c. ""rtw«fl,tobek ^S; whUefrom their bthological characters they a^^^^^^ to the Permian system of VerneuS "^"IMurch so^^^^ nr*. afiP thcK red and gray sandstones dippmg at a genue m^ ^- Jyoc 136. jmt would be required to m t l * ' ^^ a Maiy's river. ^ ^ ""^^ ifiem dip beneath th v This question is one of «^ ■ ^^'*^"^ °« Lake Superior were L L ^ ""Po^ance ; since if tl, »«P. they would bel^^f'^'n" ^"^neousiy X^ed of T ^^'"""« °^ -^logical scienrT j®^ ^ accordance with 1 ' ^ ^'^^ ^^otidan, ^oup, «'""f » "'«=J' would be n,u r.f II ""*^"usjy aiieaprl ^^ *i- T. ° "^ of geological scienrT j®^ ^ accordance with 1 ' ^ ^'^^ ^^otidan, Wwn laws of dev;,^^ T"^^ break i^^tt ' ^'^^^^^^1^ Ini^.//««1hes^^*7 ^^^'•^t^^nd of order'^5^"*"^'^^^ ^^'t iente of "those of No^^^T '^^ h^^^^periorZe th '"P^^-Po««ion. those on Lake SuperW n ''I' "^^^'^ tarrocks of th ''''^'* ^'^"^^a. results as I have E°W' '^'^^^ « ^^^p^dLfrt'T\^Se as. mines of Lake SuZti^u^^''"^'''^ « my renon, 1^ u'''^^^^^ ^^^ same c^per. with 'JelTonal t^ ^" '"^^ ^^^^^^ moreVr^^^ «"^ stone smr presents amf P^^^^^s of silver. ^JVnS«* ^^^ native callthatof LakeSuSn V '^«"^t« ^^ any part 0^4 ^^'^^"^ ^^d- and to nourish f^seT^''^^'^"^^"^^'"' is bm^^^^^^^^ «nd to M occur, while a Ln^^' "^^^^^^n^^opper anrf i^,'''^ P^?P^« astray, duce the most mfsc&'""" T'^"^^d?C^sefelp ^'^ ^^"^« ^^ ^^^s proper to noticeT^^^^^j^T^^' , ^'^ account^Tr ^^? P">- tation.. ^"""^ ^^ch would nototherw^^" h' ^""T^ *ho"gbt Leaving the Sault and r ■ ^ """"^^^ *^^^^^- I "'i^sTi-t^z^'^f ^^^^ tcS':,7sVY^^ «^ ^'^ ^^^^. and Dead rivers ^iT^P*?'^' ^^^^ extend from ^k"^*?^' ^"^ ^ben '"ek.andchloS^l^"!^,^^^^^ g^^nt f^Ts swfV^ ^^^^-P ain masses of exce W ^''/^ ^°"P «* primar^rn;t "^I. bornblend I Tiese mountaSolwT'"^^ ^^^orel^^l^^' -^^ ^^^ °^«"nt- k ^y ^- ^^e^lXTor- .or^inally e?pS ^37^- T^^' to them in 1845 Tho ^' ^ ^^e* who first rS 1^^ ""^ ^''^c- iocke, and Dr. W JJ^^'"- «"^«^q"enti7USri^''T."«^"^«" > Kextendimr alld.« "* sandstone periecdv Stf ^,^3^ ^e fiad r"'«i at Sg^n^riv^^ *« Bete Gr"s. S t^^^"^' or at meet :i._l i '.t- • :-. T '^ r i' pi,-.' ■4,-Vi!,N ^188 W D6C.1M. Nf covered in a piece of the limestone brought to me by one of my assis^ ^At'L^^t'BeUe and at Mt. Houghton the trap-rocks occur, and ride over th?^ Ldstone strata after parsing between their layers ; and ^t Mt Houghtpn the igneous agency of this trap-rock has changed the fine> ^'tt t^t Betfon ff/mian mountain, we have regular veins of the iav sulphuret of copper, containing a certain proportion of sulphuret SXJr Mines haveXen opened on this hUl, but have not thus far ^oved successful, since tke'ore requires preparaUon by machinery not n^^': RTsi mSSTfol sheet of water, bordered by mount- ains^r steep hills, such as Mt. Houghton and Bohemian mountmn, wh le on the soutR the horizontal plains of sandstone stretch away in SdisS^ce and are covered with a growth oi forest trees. Leav-mg, Lac la BeUe, we pass down a serpen^ne stream which enters the great I^e. Thai* following the coast, we pass beneath frowmng crags ^d vtk the falls of the Little Montreal stream. All this coast consists of Jrap-rocks, and of a kind of porphyry or compact red feldspar. h\ co^^vebs of any value occur on the coast this side of tlie pom thJS m^y companies haye wasted their money m attempts to wor^ cSeom spar veL t^^e perfectiy dead lodes, or fr,ee from copper. ItXe extJiity of the point, agates axe found in amygdaloidal tn.p. rocS andon the ^hoVe iS the form of roUed pebbles. D^ubUng the cape, we soon pass Horseshc^ cove arid reach CoppeJ harbor, thisite effort Wilkins, and one of the first places where (.^ ^r o?e was noticed by the French Jesuits; since whose time . ?^er been known to the voyageurs on the lake under the name ot i • ^^WhU^^constructing the fort at Copper Harbor, numerous bouldersj black oide of copper, a very rare ore of that metal, were discove.^ and before long a^VeiA of thfs valuable ore was discovered in thec«J riomerate rocks, near the pickets which encloie the parade gro. &wS f^und to be a 'Continuation of the vem called the « «^ RrWaves's Point, and was immediately opened by the Bos^ ^ ?itK mS Company. Unfortunately, however, the vd ^as ^n croffVas I had ventured to predict it would be, by ah^ 7ZZoi fine-grained red sandstone, which is not cupriferous Thej th^v^b was found to consist wholly of calcareous spar, and ot ea minerals of no economical value. p i„ „» ThTminers were then transferred to the chff near Earie m whe^S surveyed a valuable vein of "ative copper, mixejw^ ver TWs vein has^ince been fully proved, and is one of the won f^ Ae worW ; there being solid masses of pure copper in the vein, of nfl than 100 tons weight each, besides masses ot smaUer size no narts of the vein. Thb mine has produced about 900 tons of cop Egrte_q: m e vem. X.. Lj.m hl« coDDcr mmesjn t h e S^almuM,kn^iroiiepftfaetww i Y^ ^. S? T b a regular metallic vein, in amygdafoMlal trapn^k, wh Series the coSipact trap-nK^k that caps the hiU. Jh«^F^^;1 the finest locations for min ng purposes that J, ^^.Tof S^3 exposed in the face of a cliff 300 leet above the level ot ttw 80uu»^ •^- 'i ' - »f ' « 'I Jt 'I blanch oC^agle river. This vpJn k "^^ disclosing Its real vni.,*. * ^^°» "'^hen first rIiV«, » ' wide at L top or If ^ur ^ ^^T "^^<^"W vefe!!l^'. ^^ &r f^m copper and sil „ot f.'^^.^^^^^ed to^maif ^5""*^ "* ^^^^^ n»«8; About ];^*walS^°""?S^ ^° «ore t£n H ^^^ P^^icles br to be.a foot an5f hS^vSp" '^," ""^^'^^ vein of?rZv """*• «*" ^^e ^ copper and sptae Xer j; "^^ T*^"«d five an/ffc? ^'^ ^"""^ into the lower part of the clfe '^^"S^^ ^orfh while to 1,^' ""'f' «^ of the ve n, it ought to £ frZ T^^""^' ^^^°^ding to the 1? '^"^e ^^evel at mj sdggestiof, ahd a m^n^*' "^ ^^«« ^et wide "'tu^^ "^^^^^^'^^ many lumps of sJ)lifI n« magnificent lode o^rnnrl* ^'^^s ^^as done ^e^ witf the vS-l^r "on°^ .\--" ^^n^-d^^^L^^^^^ metaUw copper was ^Zf V , ^"'^^°g a shaft nt t?*^^ • ^'"^^ ^und the chasm, and i^menTM°?^ *° °^^"Py nearlv^h' Pu°\"' ^^« ^oW by the miners! whrrii^'t^^^^^PPera^^^^^^^ of mouth ofthe shal Cj^^^mg.Ievels 300 or J± V'°^J^^«^ein , ore,andn)ckrichin .^^?'*"^"^^es "f lumps of^ ^®' iJelow the iK)w raised, thSst h?^^^,r^^« of copT Iv ?P^^ P«"«d barrel andwashingTeoi-T?K'.^«*^"^PoTan^^^^^^ V ^' t ' ^ '' T J&tith CUffauTZdJ^X. *"" "ne ™d of the^iliS'"-. ^« North (mewd soJrckrTa^"'^'"' °" "^ch their mininf "' •°'"«' "■« |«U m«ch to tCS; f "' P''^«''« in '"cTeSl operations com- ■ 1** .^•■■•■•■■i-'l I#«^i ^ ?^' ^: Dbci 1^. . The^e'is dso't min?, owM^ fcy>e NorAwestem Cot the Copper Falls mine, in thCrear of Eagle Harbor, whif m native copper, but Ido nol^now its present condition. A mineT£ also oAted aJ^agle Harbor, whidi gave ^f copper mixed with laum(fl|ite; but lhe^:hiiny as d _^ ^uax^fLdvfas else to the>ater8^c#|*^l«^It wa^tteVe^^^ ^nfloA and was consequft^y abaii^|^ by tli| mm^^^ tp Washin^oijft fa« ^ thf laxgpcoUectii liey We now to be seen IfoMhfi ,„ 9^ogue of the ciSleNttiott'^ imide for I m&i sent by me, as a part of my report, ^^ftterior; but it has not been printed, j^ttble part d^ my report, w»d is absolutely I K iii» lUK «ii4erstanding thereof, and % learning the S^Tmid valiite of each specimeji in the ^^Uection made tfibu^ll >^Decea ^turi&i^ ^"^'^TS^ks whfii contain native copper; on Keween^ Point, are of| ihat^Ualled amygdaloidal trap, which is a vesicul^ rock, forme bv the iAfusipn Df sandstone, and trap-rock, and is tip product! . X comb^tiolof the two gaseous bubbles, or aquepus fftpors, wk^ ig^^X^ it into a sort of scoria at the time of its formation. It. ^^^&is rock that w«? find the copoer-beaxing prehnite ajM otherva mes peculiar to the copper lodes. In Nova Scotia the game fat ^re oEved by Mr. A|er and myself, only that there the coRjeM -Zre abundant in the brecciajed traj), or a trap tuff, which hes beta Se amygdaloid. Ptehnite does nOt occur m %a Scotia trap, buuj JiT stead we find arialcinie, laumdnHe, and stilbite, as the nuneral ' • accomoanying the native cfepper. *^ . ., ' , , oTSsle Royale we have phenomena similarto those Pbservedi ^e^freenaw Point: long befts 9^ ^^'^^^'aZ JTtArJJ" ^merate of coarse wjter-worn pebbles, and strata of find red s Bl. '^ The trap-rockd rest pn the strata pf sandstpne, alter passing bet ^thinstrataTandattheUneofco^^^^^^^^^^ ^e have an atnygdaloidal structure developed. It the trap-rock was poured over the sandstone stra was submerged, and that Pther b^ds pf ^nasjpne - itv 60 that if this^g^. the case, we shpuldia* .deppsites; but in ^«| places it appears as the strata, and ipPI itself through the sa Whatever 4nay be the theory of this, it is certt^ ■gtrafl^md the direction o f the included trap-n fners morel Kew^naw Point we have veins cutting across the strata, and, of course, of the trap range, «r, **acrossthecovtaryr while on Isle Roy ale th^ wv^„^» «uenUy run parallel with th^ trap ranges, or "«^A/A« ^««7-, JOn Isle Roy ale, as near the Ontonagon river, on the soath s ' , lie- ' > ■ ibable jthe' isited np ^ icea^n] liad elev aiain fa strike of I samer -^massive epidote is fK« " - 't^, Pundant mineraJ f^ f Piclote, and at nZf ^^^'^ harbor on are the prevS/^'^?'^ ^« t^^e vein« '^^J ^"aWed afte?t?f pi>T4he lower edgeofThp n ??"^- ^^ ^ater «f i '''^''' ^^ch "■es attached to cords Lu-f T ^^'""S anchoreS ) °^°"' ^00 fee? [f'.fda,^ drawn in tK"'?* %ht ^^ooj t£"^ ^^^^'^aj^: F^«8kawit weighs frJm r''""^^- '^ ""^^^ are sef. ^ mte inhabitants f"® of 1JT»Q* .'.-l ,& d^ ^ S^ Doc. 186* %^ *r' — ' .„d a few l.-dy^'^J^^Xt^erh'^^rtacSr^d rt^ oats, barley, and^*^"^- V^„ ;„ nlaces not too much exposed gdian corn of fhe --f^:;;:C^^::fSnv^n.^ , English gra^s to the chUl breezes «f ^^^^i^^' Xv wSl undoubtedly thrive as well have not yellbeen cf ^vated, l^ut^ h^^^^^^ ^^^ Brunswick and Nova on the south shore of ^a^e Supem^^a^ and good, but are hmitedto Bcoua. The n^itive grasps are abunu^^ i\,dging froto the luxu- emaU natural prairies or to dned ^P J^ ^ yeflow birch and other riant grolvth of forest trees-such as^£f^^^ ^l^^.ld judge Aat and province. , ^^ immediate coast of the lake.ra- TUe xvho have only viewed^^^^^ ^ tangled growth of small, «pciallv that now densely covereu undervalue the agn- SsVruceahdfirUe^^^^^^^^^^ cultural resources «f ^^^ '^f "" etation only near its shores, andtk air from the lake affects the vegewi ^^ ^^^ ot Canada and ^fe^^^r inland the t^ngemt,^^ TWsisJ "V ^ northern part^ ^'^TL^f?!^ and the flowering plants, but ak, tural.produce raised "P^^.A^^^ 'S;h excellent timber for buildingpor- The forests also are 6"^^, Yg'^^- ^^i^ed trees, such as sugar-mapkJ poses; and, where the g^J^^^^^^^^ yeUow pines are of large ^ Cuow birch, and P^f ^'J^^^^^S for sawing into bo^ds, n anks, aj tensions, and furnish %^l^^^^^^-it present of senain^ sa^ deals. Though there ^«J^^^^^^ £ke country, t|f^timev boards from Lake. Superior^toth^> ^^^^^ ^^ commerf^ imp ■ come when this valuable timber J .^ ^^^ ^^^^ canalpowf -Tll^^r^S^orBriUsh^re^^^^^^ Utde explored, either g^o ?g^f '^^^^^^^^ spangles of native silver, anJ or sulphuret of zinc, "f J-^^^^^^ren dLovered at Pnnce s b^ vein of sulphuret of copper, have ^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^ the north sUe, not far fr^"^ ^^^^^^^^^ of this mine, but at the tJ has been made in dev^oP^'ig the c^ ^^^.^^ ^^ ^.^^ „ when I examined it, «^^J®*^\^e northern shores is mlhferahd a general thing the ^^PPer on th" n as gW » J sulphur, and bccurs as yeUow copp fj ^^^^ shore andooJ . iSurets of copper, while the copper on t ^^^^^^ ^^j - tt^^aleis^iostfyinthemeta^cs^e^an^^^^^^^ This is a rernar J &ii|«S:S^l'&-t. s-vi-3 ■'. 1 m the intermiCre oiT"^^^^^ «««ociations of ^^ being PerfecUy [1^^" •?. '^^^^^ w?h nl ^ ^^^^^^ is here oh - This singular coni^-^"* ^'^'^out any lurF^'^ ^^PPer, the m ''^"^^ed and from aJI we fc„orV"u^''«^«^erSi.^I? y "'^ Aeirlfcf « ^nd. the native copper w^ ""^ *^^ affinities oV °^-?°"«' f^omeL '^^P^ Aithou^hlhav^^-^ not injected in °^"^^taJs for eTu P^^'^ent,' ""-s'lS :r"""'" ^*^^^ -s»"i iavmg a somewhat rri ^ .S^^obein a moI?« ''^^^ thrown ,m r^® Pvemaes, while itrien^^.^^^^^^e wi^th ofe t[^ "^^stleZu kfc Z, '' '" "» "dnitv T^ ^»i^^ "liners SfJ-''^ '»'''«« t .»er dies out in the vJSt'',^^^*- It wJ? ^"°^n to the P«'n!liffrenf.K.,_. ^^J^P^orations now r..- tauthority of Z f?S',S*'«Pon.the • < n*1 - • '' "f^r^'jr ui m: . ...««■ fe ^Wrverst a!»d to them we owe Experienced ^^^^_^Jl^SSKflm7re not often sufficiently acquainted much valuable °b«^^S^„^r^eSable them to judge of the value of ^ with geology and ^^W '^^^"^ are hot familiar ; and they cannot mine in a countty X);^ th ^h^-^^ they ^ ^^^ observations mtelligible describe what they d'^^^^^.^i^'^ ^,e „^^^ assistants, but poor principal, or valuable to others. Mmers are g j^^m^g^mment employs her in any geol^ical survey H^^eth|^^^ Cpiada, and Xts th4^t a^d^tnf Tolcomplisl. in a proper manner the. importarH^drk. rt>,plike as betbre observed, we finjd moat bn tlie#thern sbo>:e« ot the ^^^;i\^^ ^ ,ocHs, on the s^tf. commoiafOie ores of copper ,wm jhe ores which have LaUe Superior, fjj a ^ Canadian neighbors as soon TK'&Ts'^St:a"ra^^ris .o be hope* v,m pro«.f Te.?"— ge u> the two counme. ^ ^ ^^^^ :% '"%.. ' — ■ THE UKES.-dENEBAL VIEW. , This is a brief and raiM^og-^ waters, strangely adapted bfthe4mn^^^^ incoilparable the ^ channel of an mla>^avi^ion^ U^^^^ ^ ^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^ mpro- world over; throug^pgi«P "'^ T% . g ij productions oi thel auctions of all l^^^xt^rprl^^^^^^^^ forest, production. ll^wfScerW and animA health, aboun jd eatA-regions ovei-a^ w^th-eere^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ an^ minerals^ in tJie molt truly val«al^v»^ ""^^^^^^^ covmtnes o t^ , .^ad. iron, copper, coal-beyond tne^^^ fobe; regions^b^*^!^ ^^^^l^^'^'oP ^„d the v^ of th^ productions whereof must '^^^^f £ . • theif tra#pdrtation. ^ , c ^^^ hiherio so IHtle regarded, so i ,^. Aii/I di« country, the^wa^.h«^^^ ^^^ ^^^ , ^^ flularly neglected, the ^°»P°^^°^? "J^^ thousand of the ciuzensof .iTmucb as susaected by one^an^^^^^^^ ^ ^^^^^^^^ ,„d act miUion five hundred and ^'"'^^f'^^'^^^'S^ enrolled tonnag^ % - an'^aS^^lt^-^"^?^ -ne hundred ' . ^^^ can be ascertained, "hal Ih ''^'"'"erce, it would n ^ together, of 9 469 506%''" ' ?^^^^^ ^ alS"'' "^ "^^^-^^ a. the same ports 9.456 o4fl» ^°"' ^"""ff the £^'''^ '"^^ ^" the fake four entrances of \te ^^-^how an av'e^Se'^^^-^^ared a^ 0(jhc above amount nr ^'^ tonnage durina tt^ °^ ''^a^ fortv- The returns of the coasJ„^"""t" '^'- ^^ore^^ ^^'^'^^^'458 went ulisatisfactorvr, as n^^ V ■? trade are {lL,, mro^mati7ns ZlTctT' ^^^-ateV^nSr^ ?P-^^-t and *estuseha|>,enmIdeTf;^ "^'"^^^ at under th^^-"" '^^" ' ^"t. as , « cannot ^aDDPnr! *^^ ^^tufns receiwJj "'^t ^''"^"mstances thf [MJ„?PS,|^^8e.o those „:^^^^^^^^ 1; Aawding to tbesp !*• "^' ' "^aieiy conversant with \m, $,132,017.47o! n^n^'^^'^' »he coasting tr. ] • ' of W0.m518 wb.rfj'"?"^' «182,455 ^fi *l '' ^'^^'^^d into ex ofimportaMtC^^^^^ higher ra'te of valLP^'^^' '^'^aSce! Jagricu]ttire,l||for^f,^ 1? \ °^ Exportation orl- ^^'°" at the place he; wherea^'';^'^,^ a^easX 'V' r^'^^^o^of Jmerchandise, iJlMn ^''''^"''' "^ articJes Tf-^ Valued at a correrf lie induced to a corredKev IT^^^ "^^'^^•^^ of gSv^ ^'^^ "'^"^^^^^ I The discrepancv thin ^ ^^^"^^ grocery, can scarcely Kng fixeHT^te^^^es from the vaJ^^^^^^^ ^ pluch vaJuation is ihp S ^^^ure at one norJ ' " °^/r ^^^^^es per HgeDtoney, passeiE^ ^""'^'"5^ o^er the Jafcp« ^J'^'"^' ^^^^g the Mngin^d,? W^r ^.^^Ed. cost of vesSj?' """^""^ ^'"^JudW |a,?untof S^^-^e.^^^^ "''' -P-sesofcrewT i 1851, amounted to l SSnwT^ "^^^ transported ri„.- l Neat^mounting to wS ^^''^^' "^ ^ou?, Ss ?i o?.''^ V^««°« ..'•'i' ■ / ' .1 ''111.''. . .'* t '; r, ^' 'I , . I. r ) i-\ P™ bushels of Karlev.;,, ''''"''■ l.«9Wa8 hntt . '^'"''""''els ■'Wcl. of traffic 7;; " ?? 87,382,601 bushel, 'r* "'^ ™'^! ™d rpaeiishenes, aiid^ri^ ^^P^oitation of the rJT^F^^ ^*«3^ ^«? of transportSn . '•'"^'"^ *« %ht of allnT '', *^^ P^^^^cu- r,^ and pVXtS, ^"'J"«^ 'tnmigrf tion imn," "^^ resources- ry%atb?S^?^^?^ ^'^^^e tto^w"?'^^*'«« improving H*ac^ ""^^-^^W the wealth, the S S*t>^°r ^ A a^ I ^ . ,^ ^' "^^ the happiaess of ^ / . '■i^*''^ r' H ' i* u> u ■sm 1 .1] Ui H. Doc. 136. J I ■ ''1 «•,. • ^|i ii % f if f * 4 o> t- sS'^i : : : : i eo t- t- t» • is : ; 9» »^ t- »a © i« fc 2 fc !SS»^ ' 3 ; f^ '. 1 •^ » '-* ; ; . ■ to" f^f^ .... \ r' ■■ •o • , ^ * . • .'- • vW' • ^ -^^.^^ • • ' w «J , yf • • n , • „ -- — --——_:• { ■ au • t Q} • ty ^ Q • • w ■ ' T?3C. ' I'r !' — ^ ■• / w • a" V < _~ ; . I — — — -I ;- ; ■" 7 ; ' • ,' ' • ■.' .' ' I ** I ^^ — - — -^-— -__" ' •' ' ' ' •' ■' ,' I «? -r«f ; ;* . ; ; • 'S? ;■ .' .' -» ^ ^ » . en ' ^ go • • • o» • • t ♦ .• ; ;^ .'-To* ; ; ; ;^ •' .•^/g ~ • ,■ » * . * • ■ ■ • < I _ ■ I "Wfllj -»9nTOmooa»qox ■P^nWp '8»ujdg p»«»P S ♦>» «• IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 4b C fe ^ <^ ^■'-^ f s. ^. 1.0 I.I J25 US . IL25 i 1.4 6" i i I 1.6 i. ■ Hiolugrdphfc ^Sciences Corporation 23 WIST MAIN STRIIT WfUTM.N.Y. MStO (716)«7i-4S03 \'' ,>'(\Ji'4» H .\: ^.V^ 4j^ • '' f'lw'i^ii ^ ."'iCmitj. / >Jl&. rSL^W44{lf'i*'Ui'',>.WIf»'' 1-^ -.■^' ■'- 4 * ^ '• -* , » \ ■ ^ ... • t 1 - .r ' '- 1 .' ^-'-i: > t •- '— -«. -iS^. ■ ^!i!Iy Ik... v*^ ''^^S fi ' ImM .^ ,'kiia«^'^^^ &i&irL-lid»Uh > ' '. ■• . . - '■'^A ^^''■'m^am^-m^^ MSI 1. 1 1 t • • • • S • ■ >*' « 1 1 • o 1 5 1 V 1 1 1 k : : X ; ; : i : 1 ; i 1 J^ 1 «J i s o ! i : a • ^1l ' 1 H. Doc. 136. 96t r'-"vXP'i. i' fit I •1 » '-^•: . : '-" .- t It 1' ^ml m ^-,^IP' \A ■J ,■ g I t iJa^''J-i,'"■S,^•.»'^. **• Doc. I8{._■:; d( ^"WpwtiUioreof.do ""» «tlOLM. •poom ...do. ...do. ..do. ..i-feA'^ H/ Doc. Hie. No. 7. «67 !!rr:j^?'=!>'«sr"".— :'' ^i'' Artiolet. THE rottKUT. ,'"^*^ --pound.. ■«»■ ii,iae i,wi Plradoet of , wood— I Botidi ud •cantlW ft^ (.„ II I I — '^' -pound.. ail'i^ ^^•'»92 232^ , J'SP . J«^ lUtf. AOMCIJLTVRa. . Aodwt of aninuUa— ' J"~ barrel«.| JjH^ : poufld*. jl«i "■ •» ---do... wS: do... ISr do... I™"": do... ^..,;-i-d, I 4S ....^r. ..^^ ^.^« i.« 388 8 2,081' IIW . \Z: do. ' ^^^ ISr do... '*™ •••■biuhelf do.. 19 6,000 1»,788 700 I 98,030 I I -I I544«i' 4,898" mi43 :::;^::: oS?J 343,982 1 7,689 1 A475 I 684,880 ■ '■ 70.176 r'"V;9e9 >ao...| tfl"'^*^- tfJlon... ,"■ -...do.../ ^"•'••'••— --.poandt. ■•dq... 90 3,60^ >000, , 21,416 ...,: 64,896 56 68,679' 21,132 i.ioi' J0,470 dm' 2,200 2,806' 2,860" 1,126' 13,966 184,638 ;»««»,iardv.....pooBd,.i ii8«> ''-■■*"''d^"- i«w'|::::::--|---^ ,Jiig '^'i'&m^it 356,151 8 3,3S« 19 6,000 17,686 156,161 241,064 16,317 371,7J3 837,715 78,165 104,143 61,179 366;67I 3,609 86,088 146 6,000 91.196 25,868 10,470 1.120 5.000 13;000 184.838 B T V M 5 i t a '^- 1/1 'Ir''" m 1 RAILROADI As a report uj any important p the vanous work , it owes its direc I of the United Su The peculiar ( graphical and to I and relations of I interna] improver I ind progress of e I mercial enterprise I tate the movemer jfcr their construct Jtions, and conseq llave been intruste< 1 The opposition I kthe United State pf such works, on t k has hitherto pre y case of the Ci 'uiy intelligent m< , ws. Wherever i m fortunately, in "vate hands and tial objects havi ">gement. Thes 5 commercial w Lj^earljsetUemt "% manufactu able points m ' "» Ulterior nee "} to markets up( med to the Atlant Je nor importano ''^y^aounfains aS ^M turned to th onamumcation ad -eaatunUouUets, ■w-Uwrence— or H. Doc. 130^ 27 & > f PART IV As a report upon the inhfir? . I any important portion of ;/ com c^ of the Vnit^^ g* . tb/vanVus workrcon.dt^tin'"'';^^ ?" ^'^Perfect wiS 1?"^' «^^f it owes its direction TSf "• ^'^''^""^^^ to which ^n 1 ^'T^ *« of the United States ha. h '*''''"«: ""^ice «f the rSm^^l ^^^^"^ The Fculia^^l^L^^i^S^^^^^^ ^^'^""^^^ -^ canals internal in3preven.ttP::£4^he J'f r^^ regio/^'^d:^/-^^^^^^^^ Jmd prosress of evprxr r.^^*- -^^ "'e develonmpnf ^r ^ ^o^ks of «,LfMeT,4e?Xn,i"- • T"!'."^ »«hTorfa°*e resources wal objects have had but iSI ■ i^™"'<'«'-«'on3 apart ftom/i^ / .f^tnent. These Cih ,).. ^ '"''"™™ ■" their StnTn?/™*/ ^".o«raalwa,,::&*«^5^. con«i,u,e "^^ S SZl" ■iii'i I . 'I r ■ It . / « • Mil If I !' ,r r^ 1. !• 4 4 • f ♦ . • 't'" ' ' ■* I t Jp ' I I ,=«« 276 H. Doc. 136. ouUets. The first person^ pr^s^nt a ^^^^^^^^^ - -^aj "°^ TeZnre"srth:tuTe^m^^^^^^ the country beyonfthe proiSsed to secure to^^^^^^^ ,,e subject of a twenty-one years he had crosseam ^^^^^^ ^^^ canal'from ^'^^^^-^^^^l'^.^^ At sXequent periods he visited Ohio received his careful a»«"-^ J ^ ^H ^^^i^ation and ob- the Ohio vaUey gid Prese^^^^^^^^^ ,^^^ ^,. , ^ody he servauon to the House ot om^ a^^^ proposed by him was received a vote of thanks, ^^e Pia /^ ^^^^^^^^ „^ ,,^ ^j^^^ rt^r;^Jo:fnratru1^^^^^^^^^^ ^-e become tradiUonal ideas with the people of Virgima. ■ ^ j j channel, by which to The merits «f ^ gf^^P^^^itj to the wants of the tw'o difierent connect the East and We^^^^^^^^^ .^ ^^^ question of route secuons «f ^he country, w^^^^^^^^ ^^^ richest, most populouMnd Virgmia, prior to the Revo u^^^^^^^ tide-waters most nearly aj. most central of the colon es, anu ^^^^^ ^^^. ^^^^^ 'proached the n^^^g^^^^^^r .uch a work lay through her te^; ihat the appropriate '^""^^J'^V^"^^^^^^^ skill nor the ex- but at that tune o"'" Wl^^jf^;;^;^^^^^^^ ,vith the topography of periencc, nor were they sumcier^uy i ^ r^^^^ ^i,^ ^^i^^. he mountain ridge ^^P'^'^f;^"", ^^f„"'J-;outr As the/bo^ame better tic slope, to decide upon the ^^^^J^JJ^^^^ that the best route for, acquainted with the country, ^v as asee^^^^^^^ ^^^^^ . a canal connecting the J-^^^^^^^' ^Ld fo^ New Yorl^ first tj ghanieslaylarthern^arth, an^ itwa^^^ ^^^^,^^ ^^ realize the idea of general J^asl"^^^^^^^^^^ and which, belor^ihe the vast benefits the result «J ^l^^^^r^f^^^^ p'^r years after GcneriJ, Revolution, he„sought to secuie to Ju^ma^ .ettlJments did not ex Washington P«>P°^f ^^^ ^\\ft foet, all the country west of the MiJ tend beyond the O no; and, m ta^t^ai ^^/ j^^^ „,,, fiUei^ sissippi was c aimed by a^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ,4 the States^ with a numerous and tnimi t, i ^ Wisconsin, were not onlj Ohio. Indiana, Ilhnois. Missouri, io^v^' ^ ^ ^^ ^^^^,,^ ^ecu J a wilderney.but the Id a that t^^^^ The principal sej by civilized man was '^^S?;"';__„ ,yj„ge ^ost conUguousto\irH tlements beyond the >««""^^"^;XVa DarTof the "Old DominionJ and what is now Kc^^u^^y was Jen a p^^^^^ ^^^A The rapid settlement of Ohio and the «^f ^f f '^^^ jrepondenoiif 1812, c\,anged the aspect ot ajFaas m Uie W es^^ iement.7 interest and influence f tended northward o^ an improved Une of cc the State of New York was the first to open an ^ ^^^^yf,,, n^rcial commumcatu,n between tl^^^^^^^ ^ oenius and pubbc spirit ot Her staiesiuc ^^^ Sake use otShis f vantage; secun^^^^^^^ ^^,,^^ -^ ,d It was notilnt. after ^f ^^^Pjf.^ °;g;3%f commerce wasf - » even natural water-courses a«, «^^- r ' ^''^ ■■• ..-I '■ iy "i • 1 T t I 1 '\ ,' i. * > xl ' I same ^neial obects anH !?• P'"'^^^^^^' «nes oH^fc f^^« have by whfch they pSe to ."'"'"''' ^'^^ the UatX^v'''^ "^ "*^^ regarded as of gre£ hlT"'^ '^'"^^ar resuhs t^^'"^ ^°^^ work, tSnto the citiefwhth are /h'° ^'^^ ^"^^"o'" po 'fion^ol V^'"^^ ^ courses. Their c„ns rl? -'^ ''^'«»' upon our " ' ?^ country- , one day beconae the" o S?, Lr ^'^ ^^'^ "C Cc^^^^^^^ "^^^- as persons. A satisfeVi!. • ^ "'ghways of transit fnrA ^^^y ^iU channels. "^ evolves a description of thl^ . country, ,, It is also in^ponant that the ' "" "' '"^"^« lie works in develoninrr tK ^ "'*="' "Ejects, and infl Lwdirections tofct', ---es. ii stiClat/^g^atdTl-P^b- ,, .- .. -. ,,,^. . 1*80,000.000 are no^7a^uX f:^' ■ A^ ^'^^^^ore LC' T^' '• ' , --' '^^ ^ ^ - [^ Iprogress, and to meef th^ a^ required to carrv fnr, j' ^* ^®^t ' -^ ' ' ■'»' '*» lOf k sum, $5oS 000 ^"'^f'' "^ «ew one7as th^^^ '^^'"^^ « Ifccountnr.orofEumn ^'^ borrowed either of th^^ ^ay arise. |Frcent.Sannum?o?S :^-'""^"/ ^^ '"tereraverll" ?P«^h«ts ^^ Kraddecfto the ""st of ^h "^' ''^y'^^''' A Jame S^ ^^'^u ^ ^^ ^0 f bl,c mindprolX et^uiT T^^' ^^ich S be „v '5 "^'^ '''^''' WcapL,^7as S^^^ to their prorcd:ers:'a:'" '''' ^mntryZmhe nnT ?T"^*^ identified ^Ti, ,^"^^ ^^ ^««ding I NEW YORK. %T8 H. Doc 136. canal wa^ '"'"Sj^"'™. ,„,^„„ „f the canal, the cost of tronspomtion f^STe Er*;Tdi™r.VaVJ:rch as nearly to preve^^^^ STe-t'^tpanaisc ^A repon of the »^^^^^ ,„:«,» whom was refe red AewM^^^ ^^ ^ ^^^ ^^ cons-sung otAe^t mKl g ^__^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ transportation ^"■°R ff,;i„ TiHon^ i^as m per ton, and the r«»m«« tram- yrom BafTalo t» Mf"!^''' " The espense of transportation Itom ttr.o Zw^ork *S ;tated\t 81^0 ,«rton, and the onl™,, 'rt*5tSr5t^s^Sl^^aS nearly ,*r«tin,esd,c..,ta market, tnecosioiuai p« -^^ ^ ^ twelve \imei\ value of-h-^^J" N«- f^^^^^'eS^^the val^^ of most kinds of cured the valvS of «^^«' Xjar^^^^^^^ striking illustration of the value of provisioits. 1 hese tacts a™^" ^, ^ United States. It may be I Urnal iinprpvenients t« ^^^ Xt p'br to the construction o/the here stated, as^mteresungfac^^ down the Sa^ Erie canal, the wheat ^^ ^«f JJ^^^^ ^^^best route to market. quehanna to Baltimore, as the cheapest ^^^ "T^ . ^ . j^g ^ Althouch the rates of transportation over the brie canal, at its op ini^welvS double the present charges-which range ta Ss'to $7 A S according to the character of the freight-it inv $3 to »7 P«^on, n s. ^ f ^te route for a large portion 7thetlo^^(^eSZiern States, and secured to the cityo New Vork Ae ™,sition which she now holds as the emporium of d. Confeder^r Previous to the opening of the cana . the trade o West waSiefly carried on through the cities of Baltmiore and PM J 1 ^r J!orSrnWlv the latter, which was at that Ume the farst ai ^iTio^rSflkkes were reached, the line of navigable water. extendTthS them nearly one thousand miles father into tb^ SThT western States Immediately commenced the con Jnictt S^lar worK for the purpose of opening ^ commumcaUon, from IrreirPtfons of tLr^erritoriS. with this pat water-hne J Sese works took their direction and character troni the Eneca^ whK Ss^^ner became the oudet for almost die greater parti *^SAcult to estimate the influence which this canal^^^^ the commerce, growtii, and P^osprity of the wh^ jntiy. f^^ rn-<.«hle toimagne what would Ue ^^g the stge of ^^ng^ Sot^thia woA, the West would have held out w'^^**^^?^ «,tder X would have been without a market for his most mm ^iS^tT aid^nsequently wUhout the means of supplying mm^yj ' Sft^n^w^tB? TlJtportionofttecount^wou^^..H comparatively unsettled up to the present ^e; «««, wberem) ShW popibus communities, we should ^nd an unculuvafcdw I -i H.%Doc. 136. 979t nepB.' The East woulH h., u ^^ gn-rth. The canal has su^he^^i^^,^"7-iAout the elements of an outlet and created a market for /hl^"^,^''^^ ^*^d, and has.0Dened conun^ce. The increase of commerce^'^r,!f °^"^ ""^""factSd have been venr accurately meaJSed rf ''^^^.^h of the coun^ the canal. It has been one i?at I^n/ r^ ^"^'^ "^ the busineS v.gor mlo the whole. ComlSfX^d ° ,V^^"^h. infusing l^Td S" to the United States l^t^^^ ^V'^-J d J ^(T ».ii k„ , ^ ^ 'lomogeneous J*:rofTj;;%^^--^ tabular statement, that the. . . n. At pace w,SllStr 'the^r^^ -i^mmelSr ^^ and the progress of the western , P'^""" ^^^^^^^d atVufSlo indO ^^"-^^ter; ^^^^ tonna^ %tes; the number of annual lockages on fj 'T^^'' ^^"^ the westeS at, and tonnage of, the ports of r£ m ^ ''''"^' the foreign arrSS^ Baltimore; the value of exports Uh-"' ^^^ ^°f^^' Philadeffirim? jre^ in wealth and SS a'S' 1^^^^ ^^ ^^ese cSeMh^^ ' lK)nofd,e western States We 1820 "^^ ^"^^^^^ °f the p<^pSS^ . n *-i- f ' 'Tf I" ^' , ' 'fi • ' ' 1 ' ¥1 .J ■ ,{i4iu > ••',•• fT'^ m gjj^' -.HI »« ||S''^| Hll)fiki|i{. if ^ 'if lllll 1 n||||| ■In ft III ^*!- ^ // H. Doc. 11 ^ ^-^ ^^^n^ihowintr the toUs, trade, and tofimge of the New York ^^tZ^^t^, in ^onnnerce, ru^rig^i^, population, and M^of Zfour ^^pal Atlamic citic, and the fare^ con^c. IjTuJed Stites, from 1820 to 1861, ^nclvnve. ■r New York state cMi«l»-toll8, trade, and tonnage. Teon. TolU, Siiount Total move- coUected. ment, eart and west. 1820. 1881 1823-. 1824.. 1825.. 1826.. 1827.. 1828.. 1829.. 1830.. 1831. 1832. 1833. 1834. 1835. 1836. 1837. 1838. 1839. 1840. 1841. ]8«i. 1843. 1844. 1845. 1846. 1847. 1848. 184». 1850. 1861 Sollan. 4244 24,388 64,072 153,099 340,761 566,279 765,104 859,260 838,447 813, 137 1,056,922 1,223,801 1,229,483 1,463,715 1,340,106 1,548,108 1,614,342 1,292,629 1,590,911 1,616,382 1,775,747 2,034,882 1,749,197 2,081,590 2,445,761 2,645,931 2,755,593 3,634,942 3,2Se,184 3,268,226 3,973,899 3,329,787 Total receiv'd Total going attide-water. fromtide- wkter. Tons. Proportion received from otlier State*. 157,446 185,405 269,795 32,3851 33,438 34,086| 54,622| 48,993 66*, ©e 83,893l 1,310,807 1,171,296 1,333,011 1,435,713 1,417,046 1,521,661 1,236,921 1,513,439 1,816,586 1,977,565 2,268,662 2,869,810 2,796,230 2,894,732 3,076,617 3,582,733 553,596 753, 193 696,347 611,741 640, 481 602,128 669,012 774,334 666,626 836,861 1,019,094 1,204,943 1,362,319 1,744,283 1,447,905 1,579,946 2,033,668 1,977,151 119,463 114,608 128,910 133,796 122,136 142, 80i 142,035 129,580 162, 71& 122,394 143,595 176,737 195,000 213,795 288,267 329,5^7 315,550 418,370 467,961 55,772 61,167 54,766 77,090 85, 193 63,871 81,742 54; Oil 72,500 99,552 104,018 138,235 147,654' 187,453 183,036 158,501 246,812 340,1 1,047,« .-Tl '■*I*,W New Tori da(ioh, and in commerce on d r Proportina received from other Sttttea. ''°"m: lNu,„b„ B- Doc; 1S»4 _ Value of the LockaiiJvTT" T ' i — — !-__ '• I |.08w«{o. I "r"^\ . I brother Stat«g mBufliJo and Oswego, W, 634, 643 55,809,228 IOImKI' 73,399,764 3Kt .66,303,893 214'tiK^ 60,016,608 mvXu""'"-\ !?'^6,909 H2^E""' ^.981. 158- '^■'"^■"- ' 100,563,245 •UOii^Br I "5,612,109 "*^'^"'- ' 151,563,428 540 U^ -l J^. 086, 157 ^'K- ,156,397,989 1,047,6 6,166 10,985 15,156 13,004 14,579 12,619 14,674 16,284 18,601 20,649; 22,911 25,798 25,516 21,055 25,962 24,234 26,987 30,320 22,869 23,184 28,219 30,4531 33,4311 49,957 34,911, 36,918] 38,444 40, 396 I 5,493,816 4,813,686 6,369,645 7,258,968 7,877,358. 11,889,^ 9,215,808 11,937,943 15,875,568 14,162,239 20,471,939 32,666,324 23,246,353 26,713,796 25,471,968 26,988.315 13,405,022 ^,525,446 '26,932,470 21,828,354 1 23,038,510 20, 163, 199 23,813,573 .27,285,322 22,751,013 28,453,408 34, 183, 167 45,452,381 51,105,256 73,098,414 60,883,907 62,375,581 55,474,637 53,927,508 9,783,850 6,388,750 8,657,850 10,859,100 7,057,600 11,174,700 7,818,900 13,067,850 14,845,850 17,366,300 20,415,500 27,898,800 30,553,990 31,793,400 47,188,600 62,963,640 . -^ I '-T" < \ t«(l im H. Doc. 186. STATEMENT-€onunued. Yean. ! ti«n vMliMtioa and population of New York, nue at each port. Value of hnportB at the ports of- Boaton. 1820 ... 1821 -- 1822 ..- 1823 ... 1824 ... 1825 ... 1826 .. 1827 .. 1828 .. 1829 .. 1830 .. 1831 New York. Philadelphia.' Baltimore. f26,02»,012. 33, 912,453^ 30,601,45.5 37,783,147 50,024,973 ;VI,T28,664 41,441,832 39,117,016 34,972,49:1 38,6.56,064 57,291,727 42,542,012 1832 ;■/.... 56,527,976 1835 1836 1837 1838 ^^ $16,075,589 }^ ,.. 18,174,255 ""^ ' 24,248,727 17,949,146 12,355,131 17,967,754 14,826,967 18,918,078 16,796,600 15,788,484 18,884,448 21,230,381 88,615,117 83,279,148 1840. 1841 . 1848. 1843. 1844. 1845 •1846 its '.'.'.'.I W.mW \^ ... 83,276,953 J^ ... 30,508.139 72,724,210 87,734,844 117,700,917 78,543,706 68,159,360 99,483,414 60,064,942 75,358,283 57,446,081 31,112,227 64,528,188 69,897,405 73,631,611 83,075,296 98,947,176 91,374,584 116,667,558 144,454,016 $8,158,922 11,874,170 13,696,770 11,865,531 15,041,797 13,551,779 11,212,935 12,884,408 1 10, 100, 152 9,525,893 11,673,755 10,048,195 11,153,757 10,479,268 12,389,937 15,068,233 11,680,011 9,323,840 15,037,420 8,464,882 10,342,206 7,381,770 2,755,958 7,217,238 8,156,446 7,989,393 9,586,126 12,147,000 10,644,803 12,065,8341 14,168,618 14,647,111^ 5,647,1 7,13I,5( . 7,837,« r.,701,f 6,995,% 4,8 6,1 4,416,11 2,479,1 3,917,71 3,741,* 4,4S,1 5,345,1 Years. m m 1822 1923 1824 1825 , m 1827 m 1^ \m 1831 1832 1833 ,. 18J4 1835 ". J1836 : IW 11841 ..'.'.".'.".'!.'*"* llBtt ..." m L ■ ^•••:::::::::: *■ »»,7oi,eM m , MB 4,835,^1 m ,..,., 6,ioi,:^H IMl ;., :"'■ 4|4'^'^^| m 2,479,1^1 w ...:;: « ,-....-:::: it.74l,i^B i5 j.. it 4,43i,]^B Mr ":' w 4.!'%^Bi w ■ ■ » ::::::" 6.()4I!<^W M ; *• 9> 413,904 8,716,330 8,016,859 7,400,999 7,694,664 8.232,386 9,441,186 7,830,794 V 5,146,0iB2 7,501,469 •8,923,838 8,958,048 9,686,851 12,204,462 8,692,008 9,141,652 10,498,180 New York. *11.769,511 18.124,6*5 15, 405, 694 21,089,696 22,309,362 34,032,279 19,437,229 24s 614, 035 22,135,487 ' 17, 609,600 17,666,624 26,142,719 22,792,599 24,703,903 23,842,736 29,451,192 27,668,159 25,459,627 21,654,765 31,946,474 32,408,689 30,792,780 25,467,316 15,972,084 29,rse,8ffl3 33,554,776 33^646,006 46,586,635 49,»42,238 42,788,237 47,580,357 79,857,315 Philadelphia #5,743,549 7,391,767 9, 047, 802 9,617,192 9,364,893 11,269,981 8,331,7^ 7,575,833 6,051,480 4,089,935 4,291,793 5,513,7'13 3,516,066 4, 078, 951 3,989,746 4,176,290 3,677,607 3,841,599 3,477,151 5,299,415 6,820,145 5,152,501 3,753,894 2,354,948 3,63S,256 3,574,363 4,751,005 8,541,167 5,738,333 5,343,421 4,501,606 5,356,036 Baltimore. '^ f4, 165, 995 3,923<86» 3,393i444 3,789l917 4,524(575 4,57&561 5,76^768 44 945^346 4,901,238 3.008,894 5,126,476 6,216,98» 6,869,06& 9, 750, 457 7,129,461 7,999,aBr e,944,61S 5,635,78ft ^%£Li£lU|i4^i$'1' ^ * 1 284 Ifc' Ooe. 186k BTATEMENT— Continued. -Ifr Yeaw. .i««»inn vklnation. and populatloh of New York, I^t each port. Duties coUected at the port* of-^ Bolton. New York. 1820. 1881 . 1822 1823 1824 .1885 Philadelphia. 1827 - 1828 ....---- 1889 ....--■ 1830 •• 1831 1838 1833 183* 1836 1836 1837 \ 1838 ..../. 1839 ...A- 1840 1841 1848 1843 . 1844 ...... . ■ 1845.....-- 1846 ...... 1847 1848 1849 1880...... 1851 f 2,615!!'^ 2,238,041 1,328,863 2,239,554 2,162,055 1,880,173 2,307,848 2,789,798 1,311,225 4,411,3X2 4,676,157 4,844,129 4,098,226 5,033,772 4,380,346 6,177<— 6,?S0, f5, 487, 974 7,243,542 9,941,702 9,022,435 11,178,139 15,752,100 11,525,862 13,217,695 13,745,147 13,052,676 15,012,553 20,096,136 15,070,124 13,039,181 10, 183, 152 11,597,466 13,424,717 6,679,756 8,941,208 14,475,995 7,167,968 9,418,588 li;273,499 4,072,296 X6, 792, 679 17,255,308 16,975,972 15,584,014 20,128,726 18,377,814 24,958,977 28,778,558 Baltimore. $2,159,111 2,637,796 1,162,610 1,882,613 2,326,384 1,553,373 1,367,259 1,659,125 550,649 ^ 2,255,860 2,361,3?5 2,136,754' 1,978,430 2,779,931 / ■l^ ^^IttM _ ^■]t(K ^HleiJ3 ^Hiaw ^^Btiti ^■d% ^.,. ^^^HiNV ^^Kui M ^^■^ ' — '-■ |666,3n ^^B^"""' -.---- 1,127,99 ^Kii 704, JC ^Ho! 1,I11,7« ^■33 1,166,5(1 ^^Hui Ann «, 70«^31S 616,(0 610,18 238, as 603,S •696,3 e7i5l 600,49 771,™ 649,41 » 1,004,91 #,063,S ^Br ia4.4s ^H^ 4M4. 6H ^^r - SJ42.27 ^^F J»8.89i ^K~ ■'SiSO. S.'W ^B*-' V45. 3.T ^H" 29]. .%>r ■ 276,366 ■ 144,506 ^WMnife. 1\a ant. tS-A-. of New York, atom*' revenuB Daltimon. $666, SI I l,127,it| 704, Wl l,lll,74l| 1, Toe^i 616,« 610,8 228,3 603,S i^rMgntcmnge entered at- ^«"«- j No.' No. No. 318, 836 385,426| 432,674 451, ^76, 478, 512,2171 171,963 226,79(J 25*6,7891. 252, 769 . 280, 179. 274,997. 202,872 275,6771. 281,512. •«4,715 •■»37,.009. 401,718. 430, 918 443,697 46535651 534,^38 579,jj94 422,497 563,617 "S45, 931 647,694 570, OlSi 312,214 576,480i 597,218 655,877 853,668 932,4931 1,117,800 1,145, ail 1,448,768] 912 494 '482 . 50] 484.... 482.... 469... 450...: 374.... 83, 804| •78,993 84,484 91,715 83,183 111,393 87,702 99, 47, 944 89,529 91,31; 88,04L 139, 774 119,7^ 142,^ 132, 370 159,.636 ^0281 6X423 70, 1761 96,892 77,106 78, 761 82, 140| 89,748 86,904 51,598j 82,8131 80,020| 89,906, 123,065 102,530 11«, 068 99,588] 113,027 1,0701 1,158| 1,381 1,544 1,235 1, 440l 1,507 1,730 1,71. 9431 1,897 2,166| 2, 1721 2,120 2,923 2,940 2,782 2,917 474 J, 9501 441 2,008j 2,205| 2,222| l,625i 2,138] 1.955 2,098j 1,987 1,151 2,123, 2,008| 2,1321 2,738, 2,8701 3,218 3,163| 3,847 323 416 407 438 428 531 444 498 465 2551 447 420 398| 62]| 524 479 606 4a< 537 438 ~ "^-il =! 2 TT r '^ , ■ ...■■. .w ■■■■.»■■■*■■ ^>^ o , * ' 1 ■9^ -" t'^ T ^ r , * STATEMENT— Continued. , i„ » ^ooiMtinn valuation, and population of N« ^'" ^^^^rXs^rSlTphia. -d Baltimore, with the customs' revenue of each port. Years. >< 18SW.... 1821..-- VS&...- 1823-.-. 1824... 1825... 1827... 1829.... 1830.... 1831.... 1838..- 1835... 1838... 1837... 1838... 1839... 1840... 1841... 1842.- 1843.. 1844.. 1845.. 1846.. 1847.. 1848.. 1849.. I860., 1851. Population of— Boston. Number. New York. iPhiladelpliia.j Baltimore Number. Number. 43,298 123,706 137,097 NumWr 58,277 .... 61,392 7f,603 93,383 114,366 '312i712 258,832 i3T,788" ' 515,394 409,353 C2,T3f ""203,007 188,961 *,fi y -^ ;>" - )ulaUonofN« imore, with the a. Baltimore. Number n \ , C2,w 361 ,832 •■•■•::;1 ::: w 9] 353 «■ Ul tt. iiDoc. 136^ 90 STATEMENT-C„„,„„ed. ^ tftOO rtrw^ I i^ ■ ~" ' -- — *«3'075,"676' 107, 447, 781 "2.211,926 114,019,5ai 111,803,066 125, 288, 518 139,280,214 146,302,618 166,495,187 186,548,511 218,723,763 :W»,501,920 263,747,350 264, 152, 941 266,882,430 252,235,515 251, 194, 920 237,806,906 229,229,078 2;«, 960, 047 239,938,318 244,952,405 247,152,306 254,192,027 256,217,093 286,085,416 380,108,358 #118, 633,' 523' 120,658,327 125,679,699' 139, 604," 254' 140,391,780 «16,337,500 16,337,500 16, 337, 500 16,337,500 16,337,500 16,337,500 16,337,500 17,282,650 17,521,200 17,847,465 18, 200, 000 18,800,000 19,175,000 44,400,000 44, 400, 000 44,400,000 59,367,534. 57,343,084 56,585,298 58,000,000 63,522,490 58,890,773 59,377,397 61,754,176 77,302,925 77, 612, 380 78,831,965 80,296,960 82,105,022 If I' i h-r, ..J ■f • . • , '. » \ ^ 4 ■'?•-' t ,:ll^| 1'- '^ t-k. 98$ H. Doc. 1^* ST ATEMENT— Continued. Foreign commerce of the United State.. Years. Imports Specie excluded. Exports. 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836.... 1837.... 1838.... 1839.... 1840.... 1841.... 1842... . 1843.... J844.... 1845.... 1846.... 1847... 1848... 1849... 1850... 1851... 54,520,834 79,871,695 72,481,371 81,169,172 90,289,310 78,093,511 71,332,933 81,019,543 67,088,915 62,720,956 95,885,179 95,121,762 101,047,943 108,609,700 136,764,295 176, 579, 154 130,472,803 95,970,288 156,496,956 98,258,706 122,957,544 96,075,071 42,433,464 102.604,606 113,184,322 117,914,065 121,424,349 148,638,704 141,206,199 173,509,526 207,965,024 Dollars. 54,496,323 61,350,101 68,326,043 68,972,105 90,738,333 72,830,789 74,309,957 64,021,210 67,434,651 71,668,735 72,295,602 81,520,594 87,528,732 102,260,215 115,215,802 124,338,704 111,443,127 104,978,570 112,251,673 123,668,832 111,817.471 99,877,995 82,825,689 105,745,832 106,040,111 109,583,248 156,741,598 138,190,511 140,351,072 144,375,726 188,967,259 Specie included. Imports. Exports. 74,460,000 62,585,724 83,241,541 77,579,367 80,549,007 96,340,075 84,974,477 79,484,063 88,509,824 74,492,527 70,876,820 103, 191. 124 101,029,266 108,118,311 126,521,332 149,895,742 189,980,035 140,989,217 113,717,404 162.092,132 107,141,519 127, 146, 177 100,162,087 64, 753; 799 108,435,035 117,254,564 121,691,797 146,545,63S 154,998,928 147,857,439 178,136,318 215,725,995 69,691,6(9 64,974,38 72,160,S8lI 74,ti99,«ll| 75,9e6,6Srl 99,5^3861 77,595,3 82,»M,8 72,261,« 72,358,6 73,849,5 81,310,5 87,176,i 90, I40,( 11)4,336,6; 121.693,5 12i!f,663,» 117,4W,i l(»,4(«i« 121,«^4 132,«5,9 121, iSl,^ 104,691,1 84, 346,1 111,200,1 114,646,1 113,488,1 158,646.1 154,93i.| 145,75! 151,^ 217,517j ..^' ■\ i£>ai«L-ftiih'*„. ,^, ' ■ .,.->y^ iluded. Exports. 64,974,3* 72,160,8811 74,«99,0»l 75,9e6,S57| 99,535,388| 77,585,31 82, m* 72,264,6 72,358,6 73,849,a| 81,31D,S 87,176,3 90, i40,« 104,336,61 121,693,8 12»,663,« 117,419,1 m 486^6 121,®i,4 132,«5,S| 121,851,* 104,681,1 84,346,1 111,200,1 114,646,1 113,488,1 158,648,1 154,93i,| 145,751 151,8 217,5171 k.- 389 — «a-oe has ^S """PW advj^f *!«'?' of Baltimore ,„J *l«ma,ntai„ed byS'T^ .that a ltfrg7%rZ„^ '°"8 ««■« rf Itown nodes of ,„ °'^' "" <^anals £,,?„ °, Practicable for i i i^-« » Aeia't^TtSroV '.t^ '^"'^i.trr A^^^^ Such IS now no hnJlth °^ '^« countrv rVn! • ".''^ *^at cuv in ation of certain kinXf' trch''-..^^^ S TnTf^^r^^^^^oI^ei! in heavy frei^hS H ^''^^^ ^^n su^el.fiS^ ^ '^^^^ada. is fecanals, for the purLe Vr ''""'^^""ion of r^jr! T^^^^^^^ess of r. , The conviction is^now„i ^^^"^P^'tinff for the h ^'''^' P^^^el to y is to be secured IT ^'"ost universal fK ? ^"siness of the I«i ^.toag^ritTnt Sar^^ '^/Sfs'' ewrr-«^w: ■^J. andjhat the coi!f:«'i*«^es arisin.froS tS' ^ '^L^'^ ««"" V* . '-^i^ ill* **Tfc :- ■^ h ' *>.„ . ^l"' •''« *-• ■ N ■t>1 •. »l i'^rl ^. to a g,^at Extern ^eTr ^^ ^y thFs ' ^w I «»Pn; and that the coml ^^''^^tages arisiWf, "-"y' ^"''^'^ neu- weed by these views Z],u ""^^^ ^^^se to em^ 1 P"^^ ^"^ the geted, or are conl^r' i "^ ^^^^ ^ommerci^ ^,^' '^\^'«t«- In- dent expectation of see^|' stupendous lineTof ZT' >^« ««her fto.the present time L, k "''^ /° «^>4 a Portion iru^^*'*^' ^"fa the ".Foper to stt^X^^^/^ostentir^y'^"^^^^^^^^^ >" aJlow the use of £t" '??" be undertaken "t^^" ''t ^««- pyofihose now emnwi^^^* *°n8 burd^ nV tu ^""^^ged Kinmsporting a barreYof fl ' ^^ ^^"' it is esti.nL ^^ ^'"^s^e N^nt^ and other merchnn^-^"'"'- ^om BuffJo to i ik^*^' ^^^"^e the '^^"'ge of SeS b?a^^^ '^u''''"^^ tbJ SI n"^ ^^T^ity is the % of the enlarKi^^' *? ^ ^"^yl^de7 tt'"''^ '^^ W S««ionofdow??o?"i^?^^ ^'luai 1^648 00nV°'^ ^n°««e "'^'''e boats is estimn? ^'^^^^ " as four to nn? ^"«- But la « f*0 tons for eaTbi' t" 'H ''P<>^^^ofT%t ""^'^8« ^^ ""-J "•ovement of 7 ^ "o^ "^^'^^^^or 62,000 boa " '"«^"^' «>' 1 5.824,000 ton*, Ho» ''^^^ tons as the tntni^^^' ^ould irfve ■»tuponthrenfajg^>J06^tr^^^ '.. > u n t«.824,000 i^LVi/r'^O'OOO tons as the toT' ''°^*^^' ^^-Jd r« be reducedT#^^,?^*^<^ost of transL;^^^ ^* " :"'°"'^'«-«*^:'»i;s^s^^ ^^.coual^TU, work ,h u " ^"^y •» 20 ■^1 « ■ _ V *-■*.■•.'-■"'.: '-"' .V-'.'" ]|^^ jboe. ISi. ^90 for the trade of the St. Law- !-• J f„;r to become an important avenue Lawrence river ^t^ra^^ This lake is -^ -",f ^gt's^^^^ or Northern r., a';,:n hS'e a f^^r -r^^^of ^^^^^^^^^ It is al. burg and Mpntreal radro^d^w in p j ^^^ ^^^^^^ ^f ^^ 8^,^!, by coiLcted with the St. Lawrence nver, ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ g^^ ^^ me^ of the Chambly ^an^ Thmug^ .^ ^, New York now r^eives a l^F ^ ^^ buUt expressly for the pur- &r. The Ogdensburg ^J^r^^J^^of the St. Lawrence at that ^^e of diverting a P^JJ-^^^^ilseThat all the roads named .^.\ Soint and it is reasonable to suppose ^^^^^ important out- Cbecome, « co-ex^J^^^oSue topen not only cheap but«. lets for western trade, ^^y proin ^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^,„^i Sditious routes, which, u. ^ press 01^ ghip^anal from CaughnawagJ Ky be stated here>at the Propc^^s^^^^ ^^^ ^ J ^tX^ of the ^;:^:^:-:^::r^'i^^^^ rjs^t^dtuf^u^t b^e^^cted at no dis^^ BaUroads of New York. n fl^;«— The first continuous line of i Mroai./ram^toy^eoBt^«^J: .;^^^,, ^as that from Albany road to connect the lakes ana uu ^^ As it was a SJfelo, following very »«^^y '?fJ°"oi^^^^ '^^ ^tate J ^renterprise, ^^.^Zl^ZXSe^^^^' ^^ ^^^ freight, in adm ^^^^^ latter-place a new roadj^s nearly comp ^^^^ Rochester, aj ft' Ddc. 1^. ^r Cape VincenrStfe-^^^^^ -dwith at Great and Little S^ 1 ° -Lewiston ; anrJ K 'r ^^^kett's Har^ I ■«"-? points o?:„^^rwfc "?•' ■■« l^tt''"li" P"*^ i jnconveniencesoftooffTfiJ; *^^^^^n trade if ^T^li ^^ Presenting ,«Kl wiU be enabled rtfferT'"^^^'«"«f&iisi"^^^ ^^ ^hf tmBpon of freight. P' ^^^^^ facilities for^' ''i'^^ «'»e point, I u^' ^''^^' " ^^'^ ^onn^ct with fU ri ^^^ ^°^ ^J the former of which will £ , ^^^ iJudson river o j rr ' these a double track wfu be f ^°"?'^track road t^ ^^^^'^ «>ad8. TB^us points upon Lake^^^""'^ ^I°™ ^ew r^rk " nTi^'*" ^^th M to the roads of Ohio bvJhf?'-, ^* Buffalo tShn,^."®*^«' ^d t5 Jiouis of Canada, now i, „& ^ ^^^''^ road tk " '^""^^ for- liy wav of the north sh^l'^r? "^''^ ^°^"^ « co^eSn ^"^* ^^^^m Mm Monroe; so that bv J^^ Chicago; as is ih^ ?S^u'. *^® Michigan [iW lines of railro^ZcZ^' ^^^*' ^«^^ Yorkflfr" S°"th^ ■^«omd miles long. Fr^Th^' ««ch of whSwm b^^t^opar- F^«gbthecamageoffki^htbn K "' ^""^^<^ ««d eighty bt on payment of cana? t/ji^ T?^ ^^^n denied tnth ^ hy^cles, it bLli/'^'''^ an.oun?s to a it.?^r" ?°«' «^- ' 'ilyofNew York S^ond ,^?^ ^,«ifluence on the i^^uP^^^'^'^^on , r^on with the gTeriakl^^ '^ ^'f * ^^«^ted b^^^^'^ ^^ i*°«- Ic«anded, as s<^n as o^n J"! '^^ ^«^^t«^n ifnes of ' "^^^ ^ P, West and SouthwSt f '^''^ ^^^«^ between if A\?P~^ement, F which in this manner b;.?"* ^^^^^otratedtWsLJ^'''^ States > western or souAwestern ""^ \ "ecessazy St in fi "P°" ^«t » result was, the int^ j •" '"^'-cbant, visitinr*! " *^« «>"te of f"* work ever aSm^"^". '*«" ^orHil^ .£ w°'=' ■» *« "«»« are on the mLvT" "^^ y« reaiiSd li'' ""T^ti.m mm my eoS ,n?l, T^P^'on^ve^^nnJ^ road and aU I l»««K.s r?. '™"'»s a sV of dy>„ ""mber of independent A i^'oces the company I I i fm ft Doc. 18ff. ^''^'J'!^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ confus.onanddela, ley iB reached, important l^^^J^^J^'^J^^^^ Dunkirk in addition. The Ses at all^he PO^jf' ^^J^h^fare te Syracuse and BmghanjiHon, more important o\^^^^Xnd0.v^egoroad; the Cayuga and bu^ in connexion with th^ ^y'^^^"',^^ lake Ontario, Auburn, aiid New \ork quehanna, in connexion ^^^j^^^^ J;'^ ■ connexion with tlic CananJah ?oad ; the Canandxtigua^and Corning.^.^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^,k. and §^e%^'JoS Ne^^^^^^^^ of the West will 1. in. By means of all these /eeoer^. j.^^^ .^^^ Qntano, ceptJd .t -r^^S^;UXttgCtUunkline. Measures are ab aifi coUecfed and fo^'^Kf ^^ f^ road with Erie, Pennsylvania, by a hnel in progress to connect tt«« ^"JJ^f^ ,vith Pittsburg by means of ttel running direct trom Little Y, i?hardly possible to conceive a road ^^nt| AlleghliiyVaUeyradroadJti^haK^^^^^^ possessing capacities for ^ Irf fa/orablc.dm3ct^on and -nnexio^ , jo.^^.^^ ^^^^ ^ ^^^^^ more extensive business, or country. i Pantrelation to the co»-erce of the whole^ ^^^ ^y^^ ^ . ^This road was opened Jrbusme^^j^„,i^ ,h of tim >1 It has not, therefore, bf ^^^ ^^fp^okible influence upoir>^stern J ' Scf loralintrnVrr^^^^^^ - concerned, it base Wed the taost sanguinejxpecmtions^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^^^ uri^oxmu In this connexion it "[^'^y ?f ^ ^he J/AaKJ/ o"*^ S^i^quclmmu. let from the Erie road ^o tide-Mja ter^tn ^ construct which haj ioad, is about to be comrnenced the^^^^ Binghamplon to aJ already been secured The dismn ^^ ^^ ^^^ ^ork by tlieLncjJ this route wiU be 143 ^'l^s, aga ^^^^ ^^st difficult andj From Binghamptongomg east c^^^^^^^^ ^.^ des, short ^ pensive poruons of the J!.rie 7^"' ^ * the roatl^per mile, than Zes, an^a much g-fj. X' tir ^"°" BinghaSipton to Al^ portion of the hns west of tha^ I^n^,^ favorable; and there can be^ Se route is very du^ect, and the gr ^ thrown uponj doubt that a considerable P^^^'^";;^^^^^^^ thi Albany and SuJ Erie road, will find its wi^y |« f^^^J'^' ^^e case with freight M hanna road. Such. P^^cularly, ^j^^ be ^^^ ^^^^er of r>5lroaH K^nlSL^vrm^;^^^^^^^ - main trunk from all its f^^^J^J^' ^anee of Ihe-last nam^lpJ Tl'hc best^ommeiitarjr r Vi,p,niv of Albany, Nvfeich*«fyr^ , . is to.be found in the action «/ ^b^^uiy ol Ai y^^ ^^^^ ^ ^^ ^ bhercorporate,capacit;y,mad^asu^^^^^^ ■°^^lsri;.g"t:^^^Si\^'^^^^^^^^ with ^93 ^ view to Yow which have been const tbdr becoming avenues of thrjadel^" '" ^^-^s. Erie and Champlain canals '^'^ ^^' ^"d the West Amount estimated for rnmr.7 V- Hudson river raikoad P^"^'''" ^^ Erie canni::' Harlem railroad Utica and SchenectadVrfdWf ■ - - - " Albanjr^nd Schenect^i^Xli - ^ Syracuse and Utica raiC'^'''' ---' iBomeaiidWatertown railroad IJSackett's Harbor and Fn.„K i ^ York and Erie raS^^^^ ^^^^^oad ...:;; ; ; " " Buffalo and New York - ^^^^ railroad . JbanyandSusqueh^nSSoal?- $26,000,000 9.000,000 J 2,000,000 4,873,317 4.143,918 1.740,449 2,570,891 6,464,362 2,228,976 1.600,000 588,768 1,500,000 350,000 26,000,000 3,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 4,350,000 _110,410,681 NoTB.-The cost of the Sodn« K .JAMIO^ U Auburn and New Vort •? ^""^ ^"^ Southern nn.uiTTT^ [Mmd,fro.ike\n.j ofNe. York . ;.. '°'' ^ Hke up the line fir^^ iTclforJ^'X"^^^ Cana^.^T, „« , p very important roil fA^f^^ ^^^ Y^ork to M«„^ i "'^"^ Sisthe coiSSLl em^ ■'''"'""'■^^ ^"^l travel -R "*^!^ ^°°«^- tM^T'^°"'=--'h» river S^rdXr- ""<' "^"^ ""'g?' Jbe S; gMW The firstlSTwlry T ""^'^^ distance, of '"'" "Per^tion, composed .?^^ «X.. :".^j •" 294 H. I>oc. 136. u. mm 1 W ■ 1 \t ^«t,+ nnrl Canada, and Charaplain Of the Rutland and Burlington 'V^T^"^^^*, an ^^^^ ^, ^est U and St. Lawrence roads A road is f^J^^ ^jn g,ve two disUnct orLake Cbamplam, which, wneu i ^^^ Montreal. From •Snes for the whole ^-^^^^^^XZerZ^ to Whitehall, the southern Albany and Troy a railroad IS m p operation horn Montreal to terminus of the lake. A ;^^^^/^\,f;;,i\es, Ld a comparatively short Plattsburg, a distance «* a^out s y ^^^ independent route between s,°&'-ar«^ "ff- ''-'■' ^"''' *™ " ''"^'' '"'^ '" an amount of travel f"Jly/n , I'^giness is nqt so large as its passen- 1 h sustains. Its through-freight bu^^^^^^ of the line follows the get travel, for Uie reason rtiat a iarg ^^^ ^ater-line, which, m the Snmediate bank of an ^JfjrYeavy freight. In the winter it ^^■& summer season, «"«;°"jf;Jf ^fS as of travel. As a pleasure become the ^bannel of trade as .y ,eto,talarge route it presents ^"eommon^racton ^^^ .^^^^^ ^^^^ ^ business in the dull ^^ason fot irei^ ^ ^^^^^^ capable o sup- ^i New Yorl^^however, t^^v^^^^se^ ^^^^ ^^^^^ agricultural and mu. f rS^resources. topo^n-apbical features of this countiyj Among the most remarkable to^o« P ^ the Hudson a^ is the severance «^/^^ S'f^nd ^nB Ldce cLmplam on the otherJ Mohawk rivers, on the one hand, ana of seventy mild 8o deep are these indentations that the a«g ^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^ Z the'canal, occupying g^^^-^m those flowing^hto t^Hud. waters running into Lake "f^*° J'^^^^st of the Allekianies, i^ ucail^ Sver, and which corre^P^lV J^J^^^^ Lake Erie,fand mi^ht, J one hundred feet below the siurtace ^^^^ V^ I some additional expense have been tea ^ g^ j „J . Lake Cbamplam is ^fy^'^^-^ZloIrone bundled mi to summit between it and the ^s"" twenty-three feet above t seven feet above tide-w^ter, and on^ J In apprbachmgN^ S^ter where the Champlain c.ma mtefseas^^^^ ^^ ^^ York from the interior, which ^^ in m ^ j^^i transit, nothd the above routes axe the 7^!^ -^^^^^^^^ j^l these facts thatc^ being lost in overcommg ^d^eise gr ^^^^ commerce ?itu^ these routes ^eys to an ™p-J;^ the country, and have ':e"^e':ed^ ^^ ^^^^^^, ^^^ thesej They are as wel adapted to raiiroa ^^^^.^ ^^ g^^ ^^.j pressions are bounded by highranges^ot^n^ , ^ ^^^^ ^^^^ i SIvigation on |he Hudson must b^^ Albany] ant mterior pmnts in the ^«Vf"^^^^^^^^^^^ Trnynre the cities of the eastern States, lying i ^^^^ ^,diatingp( ^ tSsiblefrom the xntenor, ■ffl«^»^e ^^V^^^^^nt. The 'f of some of our most ^^ ^"f J"''fver a J^ roads, which these to tide-water ^« ^^e Hudso^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^e ,H the same r^ation to the /oads «^cuPy^^^^ ^^^^^ These does the Hudson river to the Lne ana onuiui , H*. Doc. 136. m are a sufficient illustration of tho • Hudson river and Harlem roads 'TJ!!^* "^'^'""^ b°rne by the «f7- ^ , ' '° "^^ ^'^«ad system of the BaUroadi from Lake Chn^^i • , ^ Ti railroads have most important .dSt. Lawrence a^d tTe"^XbttdT"^^---'^^« ^^^-plain ,^/ro^" .^.riefly described 'TfeJhJ'"'''?^ '^^^^^^ ^^ve .^^^"^"^^"'"•nffthe above waters is ri. i '^^^ inost important lake with the f'ver St. Lawrence i nJ.^ Northern, connectiU ^e ialJs on that river. This xx>ad SotK "h^"^g. '^ Pomt abovf thi properly a ^«,to« work, as it was „Hnn . ^ f T °^ ^«^ York is for Its construction by that 4^ I? L Tei""^'^' "^^ ^ ^"^"i'hed opens to the roads terminating there the ^n^^ m "^^ ^^^ ^^hi<=h lakes. b "'6*^6 the navigable waters of the I An important extension of th' era angle, near Potsdam, to Sa^keTt^Hnl"''^'" '^°?^''»^^ ^^m its south- Urpletjon of this link will form a coi^^^^^ ^^^ Ontario. The lite northern portions of New York SJof r" ?^^^^^™ads through all the important ports on the eLternT r^r ^^^« Champlain with The three leaiing linesaSr des^Sbed'^^'^^ """^"^^ IbrancH the great routes of railway trSnd ^°"^^^"te. with their lof New York. In addition to th^ // £ ^nd commerce in the State Ltes capable of supplyi„'g ^xt^^Tt^TT ^'^ ^ ^^«^ ' IliDes m western New Yort. 'Th^Zl ■■ ^^?^' Particularly the l^veya sufficienUy accurate idea of tSr" ^^ ^J^""^ ""^^wS Jeu- respective branches without a Li? ,J' ^""^ characteristics of ^ The most considerable line of roarPn "^'^^ °* ^« l««er. \^ Hand road. This was one of 'th P"?^"^^ly alluded to, is the kState. and was constructed chi'flv to TJ^T' "'T^^ «*" **^« ^^^dln w«n the Cities of New York and BoLn ^"r*"'"''''^'^ '^'^ travel be- Je feet that tlje pioneer work should K?' '^ "^ somewhat remarka- "uterf travel between the abo^^"^eities "T T""'^^ "H""^«»«d as a "inodate tlie local business upon ks lln. , """"^ °"^3^ "««d to ac- e^^ded i a work of much!"" ^^^^^^ ^"^ consequently cannot P^««re ««rf Hudson caml.-^CZVrk wn« piposeofopening an outlet fr)r thl i ,^^ constructed .for thp Udsfm^ Roundoutt H^nesdXtT ^ ^T^^^-- coa;:fidd! Nes, and is connected at E pface "kh'lh'^^'^T]:"','^ ^'•^^^'^"ce of k It IS a well-constructed work nf I ^^^ coal-fidds by a rail- K useful one, not onironTctunt oTitT^'f ^' "?^ ^^^ P'-^ved ^fr^venue, but from its locaUraffic "'"''^ trade, whence its fes^:tt^e^?^^^^^^^^^^^ of two con- ^tester following the "lEToTthe r ^^'^'"^^^^ ^^^n the city of hher from Buffalo, probaUv to th. ^^"*=«^«."ver. to Olean; Ld kthe construction of tSo",f? f""^ pom^' The objects in- km. the communicatiot^Sefc 'P'"^'"' ^^ ^°««J conside L .teiyvalley road with ^iSSr^d^^^^^ through the "~^ "jyf^ania. Both routes fratersSl ?''^"^"^^^ '^^ "°«»»«™ ■ot fad to afford a goo<| bSss Th f ^'^^^ fertiUty, which « between Buflalo^axid SeL T/:''^"^ "^ ? ^^^^ con- 'tocnester, the two most important cities II ' 't'L ■'■*•"* "'* 'jf. *^' Jar ♦- yi.u iL Aw^ ■'..'■ ", .,: Ill iiy H'- I^bB M ^i< fU ^ , I'^ll 9 41 ' ■li,! III 11 't II 11 i '■ ''■ II B^ II' ' II 111 lit II ■ BiB i-l'' ^H^H B^k-Ib |m j * : - n Bn m ■■■■| II II K II I'll Sill H liH Bli^ ^1 III Ky III 11 m m Sd6 II. Doc. 18fl>* of western New Yo}kr4nd Plusburg. wWch « »' tbe bead of naviga. tion on the Ohio, wiU be ^"f I^ JP^""^^. ^m .bow how compW. U ai^ t:;:,rr^uM c woXZK York,?onsu»c^^^ with a vU='» „, IS tbe sysieui ui F"" «f ti,^ interior of the country. As previously SS°at^e*;«l of .tot;:rruUy fall» u,;L„ the ^atlfc! statea, a '78? F"" j. „thin'' a market. The importance S'aLTth'eTorkltLrt'd r^^^^^^ has been the Eri^^. ^hlt workcoinesl contact with the lakes at on y two pouitg^te 1 hat worK comes ^ ^^^^ ij^nd, by the gre^ter^ihty ^It^SctS^oP^s many ouaets to the lakes to^ate; Is here are harbors upon the former accessible to Us coc. 138; sk ''^^ Mauachtuett, System. Under this head will h« *u v ir^ra, road—No sooner had 2. " ".'^ "f "^"on. ''^'^ munication by water Jf V5"P««?i»»lUy of opening anvs,,?. m'^ P'^ a people, than any similar w^n th- ^ advancement and welfare of the enterprise, the early p^ '.o""'''T' *''•«'« the largeness It was undertaken, and thi ^-m . ?* °"'" radroad historv J^^ T^l "* - *' . 1' 1! U* S9B H. Doc. ia5i flttf Utlet to the products "f^^^^^J "1^"^"^^^^ JubM pursuit to an extraor- eign commerce, and f ^"^"^^"^."J^J^tlmt have followed its openin., ^l:;5.:S^% Boston to '^^^jr^^^:^::^ The Western railroad, though ^^^^""^^^^^^^ State, than eitl.cr ing a wider influence upon ^^e varied inteests ^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ Jre or could, vj^li ^i"'^^^", ot the western produce reaching city of Boston only a ««^f ^P?^"*? ^^ \^ avenue for this produce, is AlUny. As tlje canal, ^»f ^'^X^"^;'^^^^^^^ pn the Hudson river, in operauon only durmg the P«"*^^ °' ";3ed to New York by w^ter it isYound that this produce can b« for va^^^^^^^^ to ^^ transi^rtation much cheaper than to Boston by raiko^^^^^ of theVearfor always deterrnines the '•««'^;^X„vr Liverpool at a cost ,ot freights, flour is often sent from Albany i _j ^ ^^ exceeding twenty-fave "^^'^'l^lX^lZl. The Western railroad, rifL£"5.oWc^^^^^^^^^^^ -^-^v^'^ r& ' a^n^fcTchusetts ^^^^^^^^^^^ ^l^ fo^^ S^ found unable to compete with the Hud^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^.^ designed for exportatioii to ^^'^ ^^^^^ji objects of its cor,8tru^ States. It failed to secure one "'^'^^^X ascribed to the iica upon tion. Its fault, however W-as -^ - -"^^ Xted to accomplish^TJ .which the road waa*uilt,as to the rou from the influence of object. It was felt that a rou e ^^rther^^mov ^^^ ^^.^ ^^ | , thi New York ^^J ^'t--? «[ P.f '^ JcT^^^^^^^ from Boston to the viction led to the project «f.^^^;r^^^^J^^^^ {he north ofXake Cham- r «-^!?hrrel£tfrorJ^^^^^^^^ competition, ana fro. the S;^:;tiJiSi;::^e^other.^^^ ^4?ter;r:iducra?arr^^^^^^^^^ ^-^-M "Vr^ line has been ^-f^^^^^ ^^ ^^f C into operation to predict, wth any ^"'^".^' „„rallcl lines: ond Boston^to Lake Champlain it - ^«X5lVua ^ndCv^^^ made up of t^e Boston and Lowell,^^^^^^^^^ ^^,^^^ „f ^^ .Northern (New Ha™pslure, a^^^^^^^^ Cheshire a»^ Fitchburg, a part ol tl^ vernioiiL a , nj^^in, these roads ai Rutland roads. From Burrin^on on Lake <^ia^^^^^^ ' y^rm^iA carried forward "!«>" f ^''''T^hC.NwC) roads, to Ogded Canada, and Ogden«b"'-g1^«'^^hX ra,^^^^^^ burg,^n the St^l^-nc^^ 4" m l-f^Doc; 186. 299t knsive 'schemes bccmi to OTv a- enterprises in that quarter? ThrCmrr '''"T'^^ »« »^^ rai^^^^^^ fheOgdensbur^ roacTs we^ commenced ^f""^"^' 'he, Rutland, and . Wing object m their construction w^^.. ""'^^ «"nuItlineou8ly. The adverted. Only with such Sts to h^' m-^^">'' "« f^ave^al Jdy pi«bed. Men were called upon t!.' m ^'"''^ ''^^« been accom- uder a conviction that they wcrm-Lr^--'-^"^ they contributSl ^ fijture.and prospective gJd '^ t^«-^'«"t P^sent sacrifices for ^orks have beep sustained^rd c Jid T"''''"^ ^'^^ ^vhich these the most djacouraging, and Snd'; «f /^n'"' t""/^^'" ^"^'•-'"^^^ncS money market, reflects hiirh crrrht T ""7'^'?'P^ed -pressure in tl^ who. the njoney for themes been creSv'f.'^ ^"^1^ «^ B°«»«" ^ msAh evidence of the value of the S^J "."''"!' ""^ ^« »he best I .^y Cleans of the line above described „ 7^^\ ^^ ^^ ^''»ed- wrth Montreal, through which £ ctl^re'"-^' '""^ '«" ^«^"«ne connects with otl J roaxis pene tS?"' P"'"'^ «^ eonsUjHion N England. ' penetratmg every nnportant portion of _^ Were those iijjmediately interested in tl,« i ^eradvantagethanthdt^frec-Stieir nn'J?°^ to derive no MWding over them in retum^thnTPPi.-'^^'^'^^'^'-n Products, H be fully compensated ibr Tn t ""^ "j"''" ''^^^ ^^^^o^es, they fes of New Enid Jn plk ton^^^^^ T1-. unexai^^S l^dvantoges of soif and climatrprove? L . ' '? 'P'^^ «*' ^^ l^er fc J ^r;«ht of her people in S'ScHn .1?""'^"'^^"^^' ^^^ ^i«- l^oad, which ally them to tL moheTS?^/'''"',""'"^'-""^ ^'"«« of f^ountry. "^"^^ fertile and productive portion^ of i^ distance from Boston to Qflii^n J ^- .^ ^ ^_ ^-five miles. The^s^S^d^K "^'^'^^ ^"•^^^d^ flju- between the two hav^rS from ^ ?"'P"'^^^^^ of a barrel ..:_. !»^ f,|/ :^^; ♦;..'> J4:1l ■(W 14 ' J w o oc: m ►f. m Mmh w 1 } H I <*■ It ! i il|r{| M^ - <- •' wH*'^') inH ' 1 H m. ^ ^00 Hi Doc. 13^ * ^- r. nf the above line the grades are somewhat unfavorable, but not t' SHo thL utoToSS linef of road that aspire to a laxge through. traffic. . ' fw tfie purpose of securing to Jioston me iraae oj i j rence and the West. Western railr,^d, including Albany and West S.ikbrldge. «9,95g Boston and Lowell 651,214 Lowell and Nashua '""'"""."'....".' 1,485,000 Concord. . i 7 " ' "_' 2,7G8,O00 Northern . , " " ' 8,500,000 Vermont Central 3,612,486 Fitchburg. - - - - • - - - '.".'..".'".'... 3,450,004 Vermont and Massachusetts 2,7f 7,843 Cheshire " " " ] ^^5Oo'o00 Rutliind. . . . - .- - - - j_J 1,500,000 Vermont and Canada. 6,200,000 Ogdensburg or Northern ----' - - .„ V' 46,343,951 Althoueh only a portion of the Vermont and Mnssaohusctls road i. nse^trraUeUre, the total COS. oftheroadm^^^^^^^ posed to make this road a part of a new Imeto m West, ''^rSn'to'lhTrdrSg « Lake Champlain there J in aaaiuoii lu t r^nnprticut and Passumpsic, and the Ml r C^Xl^M^^r^^i^ former in^Vermont. and J Ster in New Hampshire-having a general northerly diredjon. wW STdes^sned to be Sltimately extended to Montreal. The former hj oW^S Tnhnsburv a distance of two hundn-d and th.rty-cightl Ses fim Bo^^^^^^^^^ and thirty-two from New York-" SeheT^St thon any yet attained by any New England road, will the fxcepCn of die AUantic and St. Lawrence and t^e Vermont^ Canada Cds. The latter is nearly completed to Wells nver, jhe« ^Zn a junction with the Connecticut and Passumpsic road Tb toeHiU-'undoubtedly be «<^\e^tended about thirty mi es^aj^ Srth, to Island PoiiU, which is the point of lunclion of the « ^d St Lawrence and St. Lawrence and Atlantic railroads, thmuj which t will have a railroad connexion both with Montreal and Q j W Thlfioston, Concord, and Montreal railroad is now being j ^n'ied to lSu. a distance of^enty -i^es fanh^^^^^^^^^^^ .tedly h&^ continued up the valley oftheC^neO^^^^^ purpose bfforming ajunction wTtli the Atlantic and St. Liim^ncc x^ ^'''i^B:Zand W^cter road, next to the Western, is die niost .J portant project in the State. With the former, it "^f ^^^« ^^^^^^^^^^^ trough tJlc^ Albany, previously noticed. It is ^^c ""ly «';; 'J municauon between the city of Boston and the central poruonso. I.:f -.f ■ i** ^^ ^ mU; - ^ m > .», lift ■^i. III i s • • 1 • ■ the CO fetrucuon of this road ^^^«^^?.X"ng drawn off to Boston on the one the interior, and to prevent Its tengdra^ ^^^^^^^ ^^ ^j^^ ^ ^^ band, and Portland on the other. ^ m« ^^„ ^i^h the line already Portsmouth all thejidvantages ^^ ^^^^'^^^^.g ^ draw to herself the ^^r'^Ah^'we^a und^c^fS^ Contribute much to sust^ The Une of road traversing "' ^ ,:^^ .» j^d those traversing York sysKim. ^^^j^^ j^ bhode ISLAM). , . • loqn 9qqf»75: in 1840, 309,978; io '- Co««ecti«^.-PopulaUon m 1^0 f/'^; Inhabitants to square mile, 1660, 370,791. Area m square miles, 4,o / * , W.SS. „ , . . loqn 07 199; in 1840, 108,830; in ^and some of them ^^^P^'^^^^' ^Xof oAer States, in^ connexion wiik relations they sustain ^J^^J'^^^^S ^^ routes of travel, ^hich they ^^^'"''^''^^^TthenriSe ^eat Une connecting Boston aa^ The most comment ^^ ^J^^^. '^"Ji^Connecticut is made up of thel New York. The porUon of this J"f ^^^J^ jjartfard, aJSjniA New York and New i^^r^^^^'^^ZZn^^ the Western, and iSA fidd rii^s. These roads, in ^°"""^^"JJi land-route connecting Ne^? •^d Wc«^?*er,const^uteth^^eatU^^^^^ ^^.^^ ^^^ mostimpor^ England with New York, which jusi^ of the most profitable pa^enger roads in thf United St^s.^ ^^s o^ ^^^ ^^ J^ birth, »The travel between New York ^a ^^^ .^ ^^^^^ other projects, claimed 'l^J'Z^^l^^Air-Ufu^ road, designed. tion. *Tr.e most V^^^^^^\f^^^^^^^^^ New Haven and Bost« follow a nearly straight rp^^e J)etween^^^ ^^ ^^^ _^ Although this -1»?-«^J^^ tw ap^aS tfbe a'strong probabi been commenced, but there ""^ api ^^^ ^jj ^a that it wiU be ^"''^^^f.^f^^J^Srof it iZ^^^^ Connecticut,a8J ^uire the ^«"g;;j*^2'lli pSed^^^^^^ Norfolk county r«a Massachusetts Imk w "^^f ts that pmmisJf „t fL^^P""^^^' -nd th^sTa? °^'",^^ ^^'^^^ her. necessary raiJmad acdomtL^r'"'''"'^ ^^"^e to fv? '' ^'^^ ^^"^ pro- ^Ne«in.importanceTto the ^H • "'''^'^^^'^^^aysfoUow Eur^iean and North aZ • "^"^tic and Sf r o , Under the above title f. . i, ' '^tween the OM SP1 j *" "xwme a I M—, to Halifax, Tj S"'''r'«^ed the C e,?,„!^"''' """i ■ke NeV I scot and Kennebec r^M ' *"^ ^ne is to h« ^ V ^runswict in nebecroad, wj?h a Zt'V\P'^««"'-«««.- the A^^^ "P ^f^he li:tb" operauon. : When th^wtnl "if "^^ Atlantic and sf/'^^^^ ^°d W thet^.^tfenticWveI wK^^^ «h«" be co^p^^^^^^ hd that through JV^n^win T*" ^^^^ roaHo .ni . '^^^^'"^^ that [Eumpe and Airier VTthi.^ *^^ ^^««t avenue ^r . ^'°"? ^^^^ax, liiessofsuchcJaims thp^^ "*''-^P''essin«anvnn^!- ^""^^^^ between h»-Wactio"ontpS;X""^^'*^^ Ntem,g,ves character an^^^^e^'P'^'P^^^^ the Statra^ ?^ ^« "^^^e I Of this great line, tha? Jjf Jf ^'°" ^^ their railroad 1, ' *° ^ ^^"ain. Ivifle, a distance of eiahrv Z^^""?. ^-^tendina from P ^'f ^^P"ses. \ of the Atlantic tj"7 ?^-' - ^^--^lo^^r^ 'I ^^ter- fennebecraih-oads Tk" ^t' .Lawrence and tV« * . ^°'' byapor- few BrunsWibk, no rSS , ^''''^ Bangor fn ») ^^^""^^ something |N«. and no doubt f«?^^"^^°nsideration?ffLP°" ^thqugh the r™™i^K portion of if ;« , "3^,S"ccess to thp mi ^ be taken as ^yof^n^nenVCisf '"^^P^^'^^'d^ t byT''"' ^'^^.^ew • >lertake the Nova stS V- S«?tractors, who it i/if ,5^°"tract vS^th a [Pearliest da^therfcafr"- ^^ ^^e r;^^:,^^^-/^ -iu ^^ h«PP«)val in the pftSni'' "^^«"bt. The 'C ''^ '^" «*^heme S»*er leading road in iv/ • • ^ ^^'^""§ ^ th£ • » I. *1 ^ « aJ^o at the pregent time I 11'^ ur ■< 308 H. Doc. 186ii5 1 nf Ranter ^that of a railroad engrossing the attentio^ of the F^P?*^^^^^^ a'distance of about 6% 15&ngWenobscot nver u^^^^^^^ ^^^ easily within the miles. As the. route >^ J,^™ Y^f^'l^ dy construction may be set doxvn means of the city of B^^fe'*^;' f 'Snmodate.the important lumber- as certain. It i3 much needed to ^ccomm ^^^^^^^^.^ distance of &t mi^^a " ilC d- Ja existf, which will form a part of the ^S'projectsenumerated embrace a view of aU the proposed works in iS. of especial pubUc interest. NEW JERSEY. . • .cQH q.9nR23- in 1840, 373.306; in 1850, 489,555. Population m 1830 320 ^23^ m . ^^^^ Area^m ^^^^ "^f'^.t Jersey as do those of the State of Connect.- JX^^ cLSX^cWrom their connexion with the route. York and Philadelphia, the C^m^«^^^^ ^^^ ^ ;,,;,, roads, in connexion with the Pf^^^^^ ^^^^ ^,^ thrown not only the the State of P-"f yl^^;,^;^,^^ Wes in t^ United States, but bctweeJ travel between the two largest cities mine ^^ expected from the two great divisions ot the "^"."i'y- ^^ 'enger traffic, and ra.t SlaXSrs\rre%1S^^^^^^ ^-^-exic. a better medium foV^'":i iSC J^-7 Central, which traversestk' Anither important "^f^'ll^^^eS^n it connects with theNe» State from east to^«?^V ^^^^^f^S^^^ Jersey road, thus forming a dnrectrauro^ac io,allyi.npo and Easton, on the Delaware ^^^^l^^^ ^,,,^,J y,l,l, other gr« ant, IS still ™o^«. ,^«/.;™ ;„ Pgg ^ in operation. It is proiiosed lines of road, either ^^ progress or >n^ PJ^ ^^ mountain ranfl extend it up the valley ot the Lehigh, ^Ji^noS ^^^^^ lyin. between the D^.l^' wSl be c^^^^^^ ^ H on tie latter, from which it wiU be cax^ ^^^ ^^^^ connexion with the Sunbury and 7;^;^, J Central would not oo menced. Upon the ^^"'"Pl^^^VlJf'ihe cit^^^^ York andi, *''^fi^ EfXaXfromThl^^^^^^^^^ draws i. supp^ Hne for thetrade of the West and p^aci^^^^^^^^ ^^FromSontoa ^SiSgThl above communication, and no aoubni^^«^ ^oiect will be speedily realized. designed to follow the 1 - V t .. * * >T--'- ^' I>oc. I3d. ■i-V -.f f;' M '•I'-.v 4 , "I '^'^ f'Mi^^l ■ * * f . A' ' •tiat point ^^ ^° ^^'"bertville, and S ; ^^'^ road has Another imporfjuit r^„, . .• " P^OfiTess beyond tics with the Setmlt.u'' S'" ^'^^e, possessing • ■, operation to lC^V:«l^^''-t^ and la in progress 'to T^ ^^ about forty mLf/'''^^ « now in • Water Gapf frdn. the VE^g? ^'^ ^«^«-aS W " "^^w Lackawanna valJev nt J*^^^*^ ^^ap a road is nron^/ j ' opposite the the coal-fields ofPennsv^^ •^'"'^^''^a contimiS^^T*^^ deposites to. The extension of fc'-' ^^ ^^^ ^orHriir, "^'•""ro Aom valley is of the first J ^°''"' ««d £-ssex iL • ! "^7 ^^^"^ adverted form/ This v^e^is Z?r"''' fr''™ he cSinexfn • ^"^^«^^na I the great lakes. aJd wiU b??^ 7""^^^^ ^vith weTer? N ^°"^^,there constnicted for the nm-r: 5®, ^°^^ Point of -iuV ^^"^ ^o^fe and erlj direction. B yS'" '^^ ^^^on^^g ouUet^ fe ""'",'^«'- «f roa^ A a new andZpo^""'"^ ^' ^ ^^iroaStoZ th.•'''"^i" ^ "°^ and the lakes, w3^ ,"""^^^'ould be fbrZd fc ""^""^ *« ^^^ fo«^ercekndSver^ not fail to becorfv'airbTe^o^^^^ Through the northern nart «r .u ^ ^' '^^^ ■"irectly to the Hud«nn «''*"?®' J hrough this mn^i ♦u t^ f^^aid, so a3 VeJfarasirptTek^Pjpr^NewYfrk-la^ ' i'" * ■. ,}■ . •[}/' IWere are two oaiM)»/,f very great importance ..-' « - " •* * I? * i V \ 'ti I > • ■v^- 't U * Hi* 'ill ill m 810 H, Doc. 136. O lU .... and as aftbrdmg a «°"^«"f "\ ^^^ftn a national point of Tiew ; as, i„ phia. • It is also an >';^portant work '^^^ ^J^^^ Dismal Swamp Annexion with the Ches«Pof ^^^^^ commencing witl. canals, it forms an internal na^»g^^'^, , bv way ot the cities of Cg island sound and exten^^^^^^^^^ ,„„,, p„,„, New'York. Phdadelphi . Ba^um^^^^^^^^^^ ^^ consequence to the a. war with a foreign P"''"'''- , . v extends by a circuitous route Af»m-. mdEmx ,«'««'--^^^7,* at EMton/ Its length is Am from Jersey CUV U> *» D»^-=^^ „';"rincipaU, derived from the W °^c""ftt±;^tverset»dte^^^^^^ PENNSYLVANIA. . T^o'jn 1 -tAft 233- in 1840, 1,724,033; in 1850,2,311, Population >" JSS^J^'^^'tefoOO^, inhabitants to square mile, 50.2^ 786. Area m square mues, ^o, ' ,- ^^^ ^^s, at an early penoJ The attention of the people ^[^.^^""f ^^^^.^^l imp»v^ments, with a in our history, turned to the sulyect ofjg - e puPr?>se of opening a view to the local ^X'^^ts of the Slate, ana i l ^^^^ ^^^ , water commumcauon between the De^aw^ stimulated by thecxarJ ^^aters of the Ohio. I, was not. h^^h^r great work. the'Erie cam pie o#Iew York, and the results ^^i^^^^^^^ ^orvc^^tth^ trade of was achieving in developmg and sccurm^^^^^ construction of West, that the St^f^^^f ""'yl\^' ^ wSe svstem of that Stale. various works which make "Pj.h«^^J^^;j^^^^^ The great Pennsylvania line ot "^^P^"7,""^^;^;V july&26, and w; phiatoWurg.wascomnjence^ Sjially completed m M^F^^' J:,f;- ,„„'' i^ being tie Columbia railroa " pH?'Xm' Phiir■' -lii. ^.i:. US H. Doc. laa. « '■*' Arlother great line of ■^-^?^;^J^^^rt^^£:X^' ctS exS posed of the S'^rt^^e Sa to No£^^^^^ Ingfrom the mouth of the ^""""V" .„_ainff fro^ 39 miles, and the North ^"^"'^^^Xtonce of 1^62 miles. ^vhe\it wiU^ ^the Stateb- of New Yo^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^ pV ^ connect with tl|e New York ^laie w ^^^^^ canal,\2 lines of railroad centring at Elmim. Ut ms j^ „„^^.^ ^-^ „.iles. extending from the mouth o^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ beeQ completed, at a «o«^of "ea^ »^^ ^ ^^. ^^^ ^^^^j ^^jj '^"^ '"'t " thTeCCyCa. and tlUgh th^s with the Tidc-wat^ connect with the i-ennsyivu, constructed, extending canal, ^ g^^^\"7'SSonronhe Stite from north to south. This through the ^e^tral. portions ot the bia ^^^^^^^ ^^^^,^^^^^ .^J^il^rPhLtHrSl.rrete'Luer adapted .„ .pp. than New York. , j ^^j^je of the country 15 Another imoortant ^ork, sO fw as Uie coal i^^^^^^^^ concerned, is t^ ^^^^'^^ ^.";"^^^^^^^^^^ work fprmstk ,from Bristol to E^^l?"; ^^^'^^'^^^ ouUettothegreatLehi§hcoaWield3. Itsco^^^^^^ important works were In the western portion of the f^^^^'^J^'^^^iy^^^^ althoagh, projected, as a part of the great system on^n^^F^ ^^^ ^ J l Ly an inconsiderable I^rtion of them h««^«p7„„ ^ania canal. J mencing a* weaver, on lu ' ^j ^his canal forms tlK and extending tojlewc^tk.abom 1^ i^^^^ g^^^^ ^^ _j. p^ truny.f the M^^^"? W it Akron^a dTstonce of about 76 mil„ sylvMa to the Ohio ^^anal, at Akron, a a ^ ^^^^^^^ id also of th«Ene pension of rt^^^^^^ ^^ ^ J near Newcastle ai^d extending to r-r , .^ ^^ ^ TWs*ljist-descnbed work has Pff^; !°^^^^ ^f coali andistli present time chiefly e^mployed ^'l^^^^^Sfto Lake Erie. Connecte principal avenue for the «"PI^y P^ J^ caSed the French creek feedc with the Erie extension is » State work, caea and Franklin branch, «t«°dingfroni Franklin^^^^^^^^ ^ ^ portance. as it traverses ^,'^*^g|^" ^ "^,t wh^^^ ^ the?* P°The above constuut^tl^leadu^^^^ ^^^ far as their income, -nce^r^d he -^^^^^^^^ .^ 'and executed by the State havenoi pr ^ ^^eat influence an dd have been of vast utihty. and have exertea a gycu A« « 'j^si^J^'. Hi I>oc 130. opMthe^resourcea of the State. Tho n ^ ^' ' '"^ Ifwr^^^i^'t «her works descriS, no? LaviW h ^^^"'"^"^-i^pC^s 't^^ original plan, have failed to Sf ?h'° "^"'"'^ ^'J^Sn' to^h! consequently have not r^^v i P *"® ^""nexionS^ontPmT ^ . ^^ PeZlvanfa. however r^"^ "'^ '"^^"^^ precS S «''^' °"^ )^y Lelop^d, StWo^ererTer " '^Af ^^--^-^f^^^^ t^in population and wealth Tr ^k'"''"^'^' ^^e first StS^^t^ ai^lfectedbyihew^^^^^^^^ a great extent, been to tbevaVious interests of thp cjfoV , ' ^"'ch have n this wn„ „ i T j iToWar *to/m«i/ thowinffUe length % ' ^ ' . 'J Linei. ■fci«ttdPhil«delphi«raaway] eniiUTuion of canal ... ' l^b^Tiaion of canal. piiBra OTidon of canal 1^ main line e diririon of canal i "BnnchdiTinon of canal i Creek dividon of canal ^dinuon of canal.... " ■'^. '^ a 570, 111689, 1.860,768 76 Bevenue. Expcndltn™,. 3,006, !30 396 15. 066, 077 23 fe^-;^ «0 1.384,606 961 ^ , 897,160681 Z^l 1,598,37935 1.838,083 28 2.238,694 75 402,77915 1,003,047 58 449,05819 •5,105,066 39 1.760,58319 3> 161)387 96 i.iw.iaaes ^'',716 7» 753,6681^ 738,47088 ""•^.^s-RlSiW^teS;— I'iiiulied line* '*^*''*^™««teni, and lock, ;• 817,779 74 512, 360 05 I 5,81967 38,312 29 143,91194 210^360 00 =='.«».«n3 ,,,,6iisirto:jsii 7,712,53169 70,782 671 17,584 93 70,"7»>6g 1,084, 157, 731 14 r.7!!"'!." ;;T^'3*8,a84 14 ■■■" TkT:~r^^ ~-i&^\'\ f ^ - 1 , A,, \J ^^M, m^'' ^ H. Doc. ise. PrivMe Works. ,. • 1 J TViP oWect of the- Pennsylvania railroad is Pennsylmnm radroad.-The obi^^^i ptoadelphia and the to provide a better avenue ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ in progress and opa- intirior-^ne more ^" ^^^ ^ rat lii^e X^^^^ described. The latter tioninodier States than he^eatj^^^^^^^^ ^ considerable is not only poorly adapted to ^^s objects ^^ Philadelphia r ^'^^ '^ tu tCnec'es ity of a woTbe^ adapted to their wL, have long felt the necessiiy ma ^ ^^ commerce, from and fitted to become a^«-^^°^^| of ™1 ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ .^ ^^^.^ .^ | f fZt'tU'^ve to kvds proposed, and by which the mean. irbt^^irn^^^^^^ tu^ ^P^^ocS^^^^^^^^^^^ jeu.as last as u couui "^ ,. pnercv from its commencemeBtl and the whole will .«»'•.'» """P^^' ^t Harri8burg and e«. J The Pennsylvamarmlroad commences a, n^ ^|, _l^ ,, fevf^^l"; ''™ •'"I loo let aWe tide-water, involving gradient. . is crossed at about ^.^V" ' ' i^TTw .hose resorted to on the B*, 96 feet to the mde,whtch«e less than t^^^^^^ ^^ . more and Ohio rmlroad, and nM ^"'^^ ^„^6,, The „«J worked on the Western "^'^if °' .^^ ^a„„i,lo track.wbich J graded, and the stnrctaresare prepaid to ^^^^ • ^^ "^.^^iSo'ha^J'Sal^ady provided by^'-^^J.-^'SX., . S^^TntitsXa^c^-J-dfa^t., ^ .„frit!iT|the u»i^^^,r:r=3tfsC^fr^^^^^^ r3/«o70O tLlZi: "nd is rapidly i-rling^^ Ttate,,] of The most favorable character. ;« »i7;iy ""cTevX" and W* =tS:SwiiitSeavns^.he S^ i'M'^m&tii&.-i^ii.j. ^' Boc. ,136. fonn a difect and conv»«- * * ^^^ above-named lines th. r^ ^^. Marietta, roads- ^n!?»l ^^ northern .emulations wftheve^™^' •''^^ ''^ ^^rought into imfm..'""^^.' ^ ^« portion of 1 10 travel h*>t«,« \ ^° oecome a routp f«r „ Atlantic cities. XmK v^^^^^^'•" States S ,t ^^'^^"^^^^^ local traffic— possessing or ^i ^^ °"e of the best in th^ tas demonstrated its imirinii "^ °"'-^ partially opened for K • Uthe means of sS" /'"^"''^*=« *« the trSde of Ph'l ?Tu?'' If^." the P&■"= of greater lor»l Mholders-SmT- ^^''.^"^Penod^ proved a^n^^^^ J ^M- ^ ■ 'v I 'L' N ct^- '^^'^^'^'-^ .-■# '^'' Wm a»onMbe,„pp„3,<,.obeoneofd.r£nSoSj "-'t. H. Doc. 138. f i„«*„f ;vo traffic. Its length is 98 miles, and it bai in the country for a l^i^^J^J'^ ^'^f ^as beeran expensive work to cost something over «6,000,000. u ^«« , ^^^^^ g^. construct and mamtaih and ^^« J^^ ^^Xfrespe A rapidly InLa. SSnini. aSd between ^^iXt!^^:^:^^^^^: |?r .ay be named, ^rl^f^J'T^7ilt^teln^onf7ihe hnks of the prin^ipallin; 1st, the ^'A'''"^^ l^'^^^XllTnhia with New York, and, for this reason, of road connectmg P^i^ffP^^^Jf^he fading ^^^^^^ of traveliuih; an important ^°^k;„Jd^Vver^ Profitable traffic. 2d, the Harri^r^ country, and commands a very p ^^ ^^ ^^ '^^^''^TirA^^C^^^^^^ whicf is to form a ^an. ?hXe?htthcentr^J'enn^^^^^^^^^^ is to be an important h.Jc.4t^^^^^^ t^^nbem ^^^ ^^ J from Hamsburg to Cha'x^ejsburg. ^ o^^^^^^ ^.^^ ^^^\ road, connecungthe "°"^«^'^,^^«^;SS^^^^^ GerLn^otm, and jvj York improvernents f ^ jhe ™a^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^j. ^ ^.^^ ^^^^_^^. 1 SXrril^n t Ihe ffwl'Ver. 7th, the f'ranij^ rajroa, Northeast. 9th, the ^ mn/w easting hnk betwi Ohio State hne. These two last lorm luc j eastern States i tip ralhoads of the M ssissippi valley and ot the eastern &mes,. wfufr^mthek favorable relations, command an immense busm. The LackawS^na and Western wiU soon become a part of anot The if ckawanna jj y j^ ^^ the city. Already are ro *Ara«grA route ^^f ^^^^'^^^^^^on from New Yorl to the Water ( U,e "??'™P»'*S' 7 "K^na v^ey, a distance of .oiediing. rvt,^err.£ Dd^' aTra HuLn can^ With the a^v. ceprion. S ^1 road, are Aort lines, a. they are purely hdm rSSI^'w-.^irisrriie'rndMrj J;S^.^rXvir„7eU»ionoftheB^dingroaS.n.oth^^^ vXv and a road extendingfrom Easlon, following uptte yiJW _ aih'.'.oa'jgctionwitl. ti^a^ ^^ Ttatau^ in nrdffress. The Catawissa road was p«rtiatty graatu. jjuxu^ S'n'"n«brwiU be formed with the 8-"^ -* E™ "g^^ '» ing a direct communication between the totter ana i™« i H.^ Boc. 136; Hanisburg up the vallev nf \u ^*^" *° ^^ commenced PTt^r,^- ^ ofNcwYork. ThisS ""f Susquehanna to pil!-^''*^"^i"g f'om Murg. and also betw^S'A"''^""" ^'^^ cities of N^^^^ tetou, through the AlhlM®, ^S"*'^ «"d the cities nfTiu ^^ ^ the Allfghany vMm S"«quehanna road b;^ b"^,«"'* irie and Ontario. andHRe H^ '"""^^^ ^'^^^burgTrnT A'" iseone of the h^ct « • "® Hudson river Tk^^ ,^ i-akes kpeojleof PhaSbhia tar' " "«='«'<^'' ^^h muchTr" Jftnake with the Oh&Cento? „!,^",PP<>sed favorable connirr F^s the^f^SL"!?!^ t° l^e trade of Lat^!^*^^™**^ rbjthw route, from PhSnTi^- °® successful. The ivh^ii^/^ iis u„, «f ..anaU in the State, toWQ^d by private corn- There * a ^^"^b^^^i^^S'^U^^ Se the S^M*i^^ ani Le%A ca- panies, thWmost rfiportant f ,X^Jr^ie7„rpose of aflfording oudets U, which have beeaconsttucted for t^^^^^^ ^^^.^^ ^^^ for -the anthracite "ll^^ne^n wiKe coal trade, although they consequence from tbeir connexion witn ^ j have a large traffic in f^'^dl^t^"^ J ^V susS to the varied interest and importance, from the ^etons they susi ^ ^^^^^^^^^ of the dounti-y, in «"PP^y^"f ^^^^.^^^^'^ routcTof commerce. %t'snr4nihitrbriear^^^^^ .s^Ji^lorw^r^hich it -i;£- rrdTS^a!!^^^^^ bay, and' vvith the ciUes o^ B^^^^^^^^ ^^^ l^^^ ^ ^. ous water-Une. It is aja^ua"^ * I. gt^te, and for a portion of the a large and ^^P''^^ ^^f^'^XLTlovkt It is a wk of large commerce passing ^^^f^^J^ J'^^^^^^e trade. ItisalsOa J ifeLAWAEE. Populationin 1830, 76.748; inl840, 78,085; in 1850> 91.532. Areal . *"P- -,• ion- inhabitants to square rmle, 43.17. I in square nulea,»420,nhab.tanuio^ NewcMle and FmJ The only road 'yKS'^^"^ ^' Ctesapeake bay, by a line of 7 ri:;°°Th& ^^t^^coisiderab/^ it fo- ™;?=;frr »« ^on similar works. * "' "°t compare unfavorably vdth i Ji' '' ■-*.-* H. Tboc. 136. 880 - , nitude of the obstacl|^nco«nter«d^ Its ^^^ ^^^ ^^ ^^ these, of a faulty ™^V/,,',XveT^^ credit upon the company, cial embarrassment, reflects the very, niguc and upon the people of paJ^^^J^' . , i between the East and the *. As Worc^tated, the first route of t^av^^^^^^ ^^ , West, was between the waters oj *« ^^^^^^^ j^e rattroads betweei opening of the Ene ^anal, and. sub«eq^^^^^ ^^^.^ ^^^^^^^ ife Hudson river ^"d ^^e Erie, div^er^^^^^^ .^^ em and circuitous, l'"^ f^f ^"Je S ^'^^^^^^^ lessened the revenu^ affected the bus^ess of Balum<^re^ ^nd ma^^ y^^. ^^ CumberlanA of the Baltimore and ^^^^ f^'*^^^^^^^ e^cp^t to regain; and with All this lost ground the P«;?l^;j^ J^J^^^^^ Scustomed^o pass to the ^^'l^SemcJr'TssVm^lJ^^^^^^^^^^^ favW position m f ^^^^ Ae ,ormSd^^^^^ of southern 0? Xgreit city of ttWes^.^nd theco^me^^^^^^ ^^^^ the ehortest rou e from all tae S^^-^g , j ^^j ohio railroad. Td by wuy of Balumore, and over f« ,^^'^^Te of this city have akadj „ strengthen her ?-^XrSfJ^^^lf^Sem railroad, e'xtending J eon^,*c^a the '^''^'Xof^heBBiSrnore and Ohio raih^ad to PnrkeJ the southwestern angle ot ^^e uaium Cincinnati. The did burg, on the Ohio ";«J' ^"J^^^tX^^^ 'onie, ^^'^ ^' ^^''' . '^^!Z.ltr^o!:C^&, ly the railroadsin pro, J through southern Ohio. ^ , j^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ tyi / From Wheehng the ^"^^JJ."^^ Jeompletec! to WelUoille, 100.^ Clerdandand ^'^l^''^^' ^'^^^^^^^ miles; and thna / and in P«>gress from WellsviUe to Whja §^ ^ central Ohio to Columbus, by he ^en rai unio ^ y tion from that Pla^eto^^^^ S? ^hen the Ohio,therefJ ' ;SsS:nrcrtel^t\S^^^^^^ — erceorl : ; f^^^Socal traffic^f this ..ad -ume^^ a^^^t i^Xed immense coal trade which must pass over i^ ^^ ^^n xnines situated "^"^ C^berknd. J^«^ "^^^^^^^ J^^^ T^^ tJ^rrnTwutXa^rbe Sitlt'o^he capacity of th J that the demand wUl ^^^^>° "^^_^ri„craUve traffic, andcontnbij Already has this trade been a source of l"«aUve tj ^ j not a httle to the success of the '^"^ Je^ could be fonnedT* upon w hich complete success was V^^fl,^^X,, hardly B^* Doc. 13^. t& State'^of P^n^vK *^ "''"hwest, and with f?,« i,,- ^ York. JLsfaxZZ^l •'"''^^ ^i^^ ultimS .Hrt^^ ^°rks of Jflamsburg, while the latter is '107?,™^'* ''^ing onlf 82 ^.n ™' ^ Imore is makin«>^ thp r«^^ • ^^^ miles. Sn^j, k • -^ , nailes from works by whS^hes?i''Jr'°"« ^^'""^ to ptfec?^ !?« ^^^^ BalS^ kwiTto iJs extensioi ,rp^"« ^^'"^ "P the Susc^L^r"^".^^' She Erie^oadbetSnlS-. l"'-'"^'^^^'^ '"^st cons 3erahl"°? "^"'•' ^^^b Ennected with all the t^n ^"f ^^ ^he Hudson Thh*""^" °" the ^ith Lakes Erie and o^'^'''^' ''"""'"ff through ^^'^ J^^n is also 1th the Erie canS^^ bT'"" t^ ^^"<>"« pSn^and'?^ ^ew York, »Fvement will be brmilh??'^"'^^ ^^"^ Poinrthe B«^ * ^^ter^e FStem of public works "f J L"'.? ^'"^^t connexion J.f'Jif^i;? ^«« of ade of the countir T« 5'^ ^""""^ ^'^"« far mononnr ^^ ?^^ ^o^^^ fi on the north bIT''"-'''""" """^ '° tfe wS^?' ?( ^^^' ked, and its business 'nf^^^a^hacks ^ iWc^T Z'^"" ^it is carried fo^aXtX'"''-^^^ "«^ rapidlVSnv-^^''^>^'» hr.» (a»« sSI'il'^ 1°"^ occupied by rt^ ^"r«.fi»m. In bs J»™\ • ""<" 'ho whde will h. "^ ""f "ofinished non. llienthi.t^«.i- •- . . . '"^ <^aji be made * I £:^^y fa;;fa the city of Bal.;^,,, ,, ,_ flS^^i^S^J^'''^^^ position. ITS"^^^ -^ her position in the measured b;r lineal ,i. ' 4'--' ' '" fir 'f ^. 'L 1 1 I ;-f" ri -* I", >f Assumuy? coflf nf L ^ *"® strenffth of h^r ««~ v*!"^ -""^ 28 « «>«t of transportation to l4 Jit' .S?.^4 « the pi diifai-i. c m Ft r|- I * -Tu .*«.*" ■*'». H-i •! * '' ^■' -" t In ^< ) / * i fSS H. Boe. iM. m It'll 5i >Jfl l> , \m aistance. bow far the -suit w^j-ify W^^^^^ ^n ; at aU events she IS ^^^^y^^r^^Tve^eYby Lr h^^ of railroad^ by the local traffic q "^fJ^T.^^^ nt trade, by developing the re- Which will increase ^^f Jj,,,^^' Pi^SaSy belonging toV. sources of the section o ^X7of Sad b Maryland is the Wa^hhigtJ The next most important line otimd in m 1^ forms a part ortlie iras,ch of the BalUfnore ^f^^^^^^y^l^^^^^ boundary of Maine to WilJ ^at coast hne, extending f"'" *^^^^^^ detive^d from passengers, luogton, North Carolina^ nl'^r ThrBivS^^^ of the 4esaj^ake It i», besides, s^tu^^^^r'th 4 omi fS- As a connectmg link In tJ rrernSi"lS^e\Sero,'^^^^^^^^^^^^^ a position thatmustaij 'View toWension to the Oluo river at m^^^ ^^ ^^^S.^^^, extended from Alexandria, "P ^he Jj^T^^d Monongahela rivers- Wills creek, thence '^y/,^/„J^"^°^*'f4iUleS. It wal commenced ^ Bttsburg.. Its proposed length was^4i^mi ^ for bus J 1828. but it was only in^he P-^^-f^t origin/stock $1.000,. to CumberlaBd, 191 ™J; .^^ gt^tes, $1,000,000 by the city, •45 000.000 by the state o,M^^^^^ ^^^ ,^^^ ^, ^^„ From the d|fficulties in th^^^^^^ o ^.^^^ abandoned;. ing the canal beyond Cumbenananas b ^- ^orkof natio . thSugh when -g.naUy pro,e<^e^^^^ ,^,, ^ ^, importance. It must now be lankea as ^ Ohio railroad, a ^ay be used m connexion vv th the ±iaiumo ^«^ poion of a 'A''>«5V° r .Iner^^lT^rl^ce. As a very large J become a route of '""'^^ generaWm^^^^^ witf take ret. ttade must always pass t^fough this canm, i freights at very low rates "^ Fefe^e^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^/^ ^.k to B posed to form a line «^. «team Fopeiiers iro . ^ j ^ J •"S^Si/ua wk'of'^ea. cap«:i.y. having .ix fee. dra^ gsAise agenera dis^us^ asto^i .^ ^^ ^ . SnneSwith the railroalTTnto-aTarge through-business betwe Sstern and the western States, in the manner stated. VlfiOINLl. tsts Populationinl830, 1 211 W • . I Jieain square miles 61 iio • 7",^®*^' 1.239,797 ■ in lann , .« The Stlte of vQr!lffi h^fft"*^ ^« «H"are' i^ e 03'if ^'^'^• inarttocial Lne for fhio oirth-place of 3,e ,V7«o ^ ^•^'^• Se navi^We riverT:fT°^^'°? °^ «iet wT^^Ti"^ .aearijonehunSred veaS«;l ^ T^''""- ""d. tide-^atS T?-^^ ^■ l.'d^4ter8of VirgiSotheOht ^^""' P^"" «>' a canal fi- '' "r iheHcmseofBurlessesof VlS^^? "^""V'^'^^^^dhlw^J'T *^ Moa of this proiect hLl "^^'"^S' and ever since ilTo* !^ P^°° ^ « Hi. Stale M the ZSaJ*'^" f *» CheCieJI " ■'°^' V nriles farther. It wl^^ °^ *^f S'-^at Allegfa^f rfd * S'^" :r (Sr the s^^^^^^f^ -1834. afd S^ct.' "^Z l^^^V' '^•" considered a nm J t''*^"^'^"^^ this wSter «dschen8h the original plan ^thun?Ju-'" ^^ "^^"J^. thou^ itJ iw'^fc"""^^ public T;tetaSn"f^"""t ^^«^orfthus Mered, which have proved far Se?.!. ' '"^ ^''^ ^ifficuhies en- JUnd have materiailv delayed X '^" ^^''^ anticipated in the al follows immediately on the hnni./'t.''^''^^ of the work Thf »nt, and. after enterinVAe Allegan v '^' '^''^ '"^^^^ hi a ra^^ l??T «f numerous and coSv '«. 1 '' ^^^'.^ ^as compefied {h^ ff %""^ subjects the cC^ Z^t T^ ^' ^amsf culverts Moods, from whih it has at sevLl ,1-^ ^^''' ^^ sudden ^d Ufar as the canal has been S aS'oh:."^^'^^^^'-*^ ^os^s. ■ Jnted The various works urionii ?' ''hstacles have been s.Tr han affirmative opiniJP'y "" "«' ^■""■n't, and the ^uuSto •V" '^.' -fil ^: t ^K-'^ 1 ' '1 i ^ *'j I ]IS4 tl. Doc. 186. 1 f ^„*or f>i*.rp can be no doubt it would become a route of Ifh/mnLntTuccess of the work but a continuous water line to the ShT'^ Until this s accomplished, the canal must depend entirely upoJ • 1 1 u • 1= fL B.innnrt Its eventual success as a paying enter- Si rlsTeXlTeffi^^^^^ :ccomolishment Though o^ J Cefit to th^e contiguous country and to tte city of f<^J^^ond, it dojl norpromise in its*' present condition to be profitable to the stockj holders. Railroads in Virginia. Central raUroad.-The object which led to the conception of 1 JamS river and Kanawha canal is now the ruling rnqtive in the eg Son of the two leading railroad pro ects of this State, viz : the F^ ••,rrZrnl and the Vir^rinia and Tennessee railroads. While tb fZ i^^Suhe avol^t^^^^^^^ with an influential portion of her c« ^Mt camiot be deniel tLt, sympathizmg with the popular feelb S favor of raUroads. which have in many cases superseded canalsj mea^softransportauon, and which are adapted to more vaned«si • ^ThPtter reflect the character and spirit of the times, a large majoriJ ^^^e^^le^^^^ deem it mf advisable t6 open the pro J weSerKnnexions by means of railroads than by a farther extens^ ^'^The^^of the Central road, after making a sonjewhateitendedd tour to the north upon leaving Richmond, takes ^ generally westi S?r^, passing through the towns of GordonsviUe And Charlottes j TdStL the^aUeyV Virginia near Staunton. At Gordonsvdld ^nnects with the Orange and Alexandria railroad, thus gjving thef meT^ oSl to the Potomac. This road is now nearly comp ete SmuirwUh the exception of the Blue Rid^e tunnel, which is aj midable work about one mile in length, and is m nrocess of construe^ by funds furnished by the State. From Staunton ttie luie has beenpb under contract to Buffalo Gap, a distance of tbrty-fiVe mdes. For whole Une up to this point, ample means are provi.^. The Whole length oVthe voA f«>m Richmond to the navigable ters of the Kanawha. wiU be about two hundred and eighty-sai^ The means for its construction have thus far been furnished byj Subscriptions on the part of the State and individuals, m the proDo S^ Sfifths by thi^former to two-fifths by the latter. No |o I mit^ain^d of it s extension over the mountams, at a comparat^e^ ^S The tee is committed to the work, and has wo mod ?^W both in the amount already expended and m the resu ISkeflo d^ow it to pause at this late hour. The opinion is no^v^ iendy expressed by weU-informed persons that some definite plai 4''m • Doc. 13B Mahotedforiheimmedint^^ ' - S^is > extending tliis line to C "'«/ema,n,ng link of th« theroads now jn progress in K»?f ^f ^^ a junction wiU h« r Uem outlet^ It islls^ '" Kentucky, andlimiL A "r ^"'"^^^ "^^^ r^CkcinruuTa^'^^^T'^'^.^^ with ZVuiJCoT/'^^ ^ ^"^^^ ^m. This hno cotmei" '""'""^ ^'4X thro"T?r'i"^ *^« aine, fellows the gc3 if i"S i" the e.lter^'J^/^^^^^^^ ^ most importanfeastprnlv'^''^" '^f the coast ^an^lf '^^ ^^'^ oC facbIngthisLint!i stilj n^"f'"'^^' ^« far sputh as W-'^^''''^" *^'""«^ H? "te latter place e„££ .1 "P"?' '" <=<^''tral Viroln „ „ j Passing .ceof 205 miles A^m^r!""^/" ''^^ State hne of T^^ ^°'* ^"Pf^t- [whole line is u" det^omractt'^ ^' *^'« ^« "^I are S^' % lemeans for its const^?o L '''" ^"'"Pletion during tT^^^'^' ^^^ fedualsubscriptions^n r ^'^ ^"'•"^^hM jointly bv * u' ^^^^ ^S^*. ^ H. Doc. 186. There .re num^ous o^ber^-^tan^^^^^^^^^ a„,ong ^hich may be ^'^f^f ^jX^d. Fredericksburg and Potonu^, traffic ;,U8 direc ion ""J^^ "J^ ^^ productive, and is diuly improv- .^^intteiZmThf eSr^^^^^^^ extremes of the great s,suJ of which thia is the '^^""^^^'"g.X^^ and DanvOle roads are worb The Sou^ ttreextenfofth^SrlLs. the connexions th^ of importance, from the exteru o ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^„^,j^ . and tU prospective husines-btart^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ of navigalk able, towns ^ -^:::», "^S" r^^^^^^^^ on two important nvers, ine> ^ , • j^„ ^ choice of markeisl ^ay between their '^e^Pf^^^ I^;™^"''The fofmer consUtutes theeiteT" to the country 'f';^l%iX^'zlTennessee line, and opens anoud sion eastward of the Virginia tuiu ^ The latter will al for that work to R-^;««"f^,^^,arof?mpo?tant port^^ secure to the same cities the ™m undoubtedly be extended event! ■ vfrSnia and North Carohna, and will ^-^oubieay^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^ JJ ual| into the latter Sf te.^^ Jor^^^un^^^^ .^^ ^.^,^ ^^^p raUfoad, at 6ir near ^'^^f^^hcSoUm railroads a new and \d ^"iTifo^-rbttwr £?^^^^^ and Petersburg a.a.. and may ^ventdally become a work o^^ £ eastern term J however, upon ^^e /uture progiess oW ^^ n The excellence of the haibor o* •^o^'J^ • j^^ ^'position has be^ .. in reference to the future growdi of th^t -^^^^ ^ ^^^ J^^ ^^ ^^ compared with that ofJJ^w York, ana ^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ j. . peake bay, and the rivers entering it, sinu ^^ ^^^^ j Se Hudson river and Long Jf "^ S^unf ' ^^ P y-^^,^ J possesses greater ^^r^^'fr^rous^rive s bVw^^^^^ Twould seem that the ^^""^J^i"^^ ^7^^'^^^^^^^ S^ devebp a trade ^^^^^l^nt to budd u^^^^^ ^^^^^ has not been the result, however inexpuc ^^^^ The .great seats o Sr/epots from^^^^^ distributed to of Vu-gima, instead of bemg depots ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^k consumers the products of the SteXe^ arj^^m y PJ ^^ ^^^ great northern markets. Herfoplebem^ ^^^ ^ Wtiu la r g e towm ^^^^^^^ the con.u 4»tioD, V time, a greater diversity of P^^^^^^f .f ^/Lf soil, Norfolk could own people, of the surplus P'^^^'^'ll^^' ?he Seaboard and] fiulto"e?ome an;'?;P«r"V,:ra;ronrnd communication, J Vi» '^mf H. Doc* 186. * |rsmg central and ■go sruch a con. jad nearCbaiw I the Idgislature aid it with th& aadof North Carolina. Aa it initio. ^ ^ e^endd to the symmetry of ^6%^^^'**.''^'""*^'' consequence, mi Unji transact a largj bus^sg ev^^ '^'?'" ^^ ^''^ sSe, S^ I»«J«~'«*r"o<- things in' r^^^^ ""^^^ « continuancTof^ J rheotherleadinff roarlB in V- • • * uj© |dtheAf««««e,G|^railr^8 ''Cr'^ '^^ ^'•«''^* ^'nd Alexandria LGonioDsviUe, on tie CeSro«Tl 7""^' ^^'«»d« from AWdS^ l^important h.e, in thatt^Lrec'ts^htirnr f'"^"^ ^0 mS ft l».ththe Potomac and the citie« of ai ^?!f^ portions of the StaS «U fcnn a portion of the hn:S.l^!! f.".-^cl WashinJ;:n^^1; Lestern Virginia and eastern Tennessee '*™'*^ ' Un only a short link, extending from Jbvdle, as necessary. There canno°1Se i ^Virginia wiU aUow the construction of th Load about 25 mC^r'^l S^^^^^^^^ Orange an, Akxa.^ Wed into the valley of Vireir^lntU^ Alexandria, and is to beTr «ve named. A portion ofX te^^J '^ ^^ ?"? '" ^^e Blue rid^ M to earn, thrs road up he Zey to 1^^ ? 'P^^f ^^«^- '^ '> 6^ «t,on with the Central l/ne. The%il^""'°" ' ^'^^''^ to forin a jeata short though productive local wtTj!?^ f"'"^^ ^°«^' « tended 80 as to connect with the « W ^'^^'", ^^«*^ probably be k the whole extent of the vaniT^yr^--^.^^^ ^i-mmg a lin^ Me A^«or. and OhL road at L^L^''^^^"'"^ ^"^ connecting Itapac at Alexandria. "* ,^^ Haiper's Feny, and with thf NOHTH CABOUNA. Pflpnlation in 1830, 737 Qfi7 . :„ io^« ^^road, in North Carolina. / m eastern sLte^rJShi' en.emr'^^*'^^' accomplished les» ^jon the extent of her teSr^^Sj^^' "^^^^ ^c take into » to the proper development of Y^r. ^ ^^^* necessity for such & « part to the^w^t ^iJfn' ZT'""^'' ?"^ ^"^^^°« h«» SSs^S.^^ [•'^ad.extenSi^ fiSm wC^ Wilmingt" m our railroad svstern t?^ ' ^^^^^ °^<="Py an import^ ^"P"? a very favorable %uS cmd « I! '^^ ""^ com^tively'w \ It bs been an «npXC wfe?? '% ^T^ ^ ^«=«ti^ '^««m-^t being SnTof th! Tw.^'" ^^ faulty character of •d,H:.: « ** °' ^''e pioneer works of the South, and > > 1 1 V I f 1 4 11 sa&&; .-&■• ■f^fiWvK (■ ' 828 H. Poc. 136. J' » ■fw wXlt tm'^he ?X 1-- of i«.co„s.™.bai a local woiK, aim, however, to become a much more im- beeii unsuccessful. It ^f'^XecZne^on with the North Carolina portant road ^^^ .f P'^'P'f '''when the last-named road shall be SeTi "n1\i::^4^^^ ^-- ^^^ ^r r ^^^' ^" x^^^ openea, ana uic^"* e bel eved, to become a producuve superstructure J J^^ J^^^f .^^^^^^^^^^^^ to the Wei nnd r'^' :/nf thetunu?.^ T^^^^^^^ the CerUral, it wiU be brought into crmudfatiorwrtL aarZo^i a«i South Carohna ro.6, aM %\f oSr^slli'eS in progress lying wholly within J SrS^Sl td liU sec|e ^aiW ^^^^^^^^^^ rich secuono the Stat^ It^w^^^^ the sfate, and deWJ rtplc^y t sut;"^ ^, profitable traffic Its enj i^'SoOoVofwhifJ s'mlhe State furbishes S2,000,000. The who^ ll"; IS Sr contract, to be completed at the earhest practicable, '^^^^ SOUTH CAROLINA. Population in 1830, 581,166 ; inJ840, 594,398 ; inJ^SJ W .^ in square miles, 24.600 ; inhabitants to square nlile, 27.28. South Carolina Railroads. <•. .filpnt Mid involvine larire moneyed operations. . u. J NoCner S a.e people of tlm' country Mmmenced ^i jKoTrf\^adJhaJ_U.eci^ofCtor^cme^ H. Doc. 136. ^^ and Its branches is 249 «,i ^ «29 17,000,000. ."242mdes. Its cost has been a littl. 1 . This road not onlv Hp, ^^^ *an of the State, but has ffiveTh?.^!,?^^^^ ^^^ation to all fh. • . have the Georgia ifnes^Pn^if^tV" ^^e neighborinasl?^'''^' ^^^ of May next, th^ey wdl be cnb^^" ^^^^^^^e S -^In f K 1^"^^^ , the ie of Ten^ ' P f^'^"^ ^^"^^^ to JVashviUrl^^ "^^ «"' Louisville ahd CincTnnat? p'"'^ '^^^^^'^^ are t to ' ^^P«^ ^^ Georgia railroad, Se of*r.?'""l ^'^^^'^' the w.stern^S'' '°T^^^ Alabama, which wisonnh^^l'' "^^'y completed I i?'""' °^^^« the one hand, and to tKn "-P"^^^^ ^""^ard t?the GiS^nrM'^"'""^^^' By means of the Tetetee^yA"" '^' other. '' ^"^^"^ Texaco on I ton IS now about to real.Vo tu , -Kentucky roads nl]„r7»j . «. Ci.«W.- railn>ad? Thrhur'^'^/^^^^ Project o/^he^^^^^^^^ Originated in the bold fdea fe-"^ '^J' ^^^-n^e L weU^:^''" «^ Hum of the great interior blSo/';! '^^' ^"3^ ^^^^ corl^cialTr; ^' 5io. JtwasbehevedffK^"^'.^«'^"^s«ee, KentucW' """^^ ^"terest -pended in^econSal,: '"^ '^ P'-^^tie'ai^eS^J^.^Ll ^^"^'^-"^ ieaccompL-shment of X r*^ '"'^"^« «^ the r^utel^Wo *"' "^''^ «". at the period when it wf ''^' "P°" ^^^^ origh al ' t,!^ TT "^^ J means a'nd the .iS^rin/^eirn^' ^"^FaSb^ ' A? far"' ^project was premature ?f, '" ^-^ ^''^ ^"""try were cnnl 7 fil the interests tLt couM h„ u ™^P«"de was bevoml ?h« k r")^^' kgiven, the route as ^^^'•^"g'^t ^^ bear upon ?t 'tu^^^I''^ h-^m. w^&*r"«'"f' p-j«=t fell .hmuT' vA?; kwlLilSf °/ ^^0 mile., --org. .^! ^"^ ^"""^ JVashviil. FKSf^^"''"^ '^' ^ti^^^^T^ ^ now in pro. ti'«-«J^.«lTthrr"" *° '^^"""^d b;^t;,,-yract Lo^ui, I J. • J'— excepung a small •'r; ■a ' ' i .«.',,( » 3SK) H. Doc. 136. « • rr.-sf which she so zealously l*^™l,iv a«™ line, i that above de- A more direct, and W^"^^^^S ^? Sie State of South Cam- scribed, IS one traversing the ^urelengn ^^rtheastem comer of lina, in a northwesterly ^"^^^^^^"'J'Scarolina, running down the Georgia and the western po^^e^^^^^^^^^^ thence by the LitUe and up the Great Tennessee nv, jj^^^ through Dan. Cumberland Gap, or some pract^cab^F^^^^^^^^ ville arid Lexington, Kentucky, to C^ncinn^^^^^^ are those extending line for ^hich the means ^^^ ^^^^^g^^^ J'^^^^^^ a distance of 243 from Charleston to A^dfJ^^A^^^^j^^'^^t^^ "'Xan'SaSaTng^^^^ ^}^ m all 371 raues, ana leavi b^ , , pannot be doubted. A consider- this direct line will be ^^^^7^^^^^^ "eT^^^^^^ sufficient means for able portion of the comitry ^J^versed can F^^^ by connect- its construction, and the ^«f ^^^^J ^|I^XT P^^^ li"k, unpro- ing hues and by private ^nterests. Fp^^P^^ig Relieved hat^the vided for, betw^^"/;^^TsouSf cSa w 1 extend liberal aid. lerislature of the S^ate f f outh Carolm^ A South C'^''>^'^,^t'^i^r^^^^ the lower portions of ^^is great <^ham are i^^ ^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^ cient support. That portion «t ^t througn improvement act undoubtedly receive tlie benefit of the ^^^"t mtem ^i^^^^ ^^. of that State, wWch WP^ f^l Sa^ clbe obtained.^! Unes-^. sum sufficient, ^^^^h jha^^pnva^^e ^^ ^^ ^ secure its construcuon. J^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^gion of vast mberal re- boundary hue «f Tennessee travers^^^^^^ ^^.^ sources. It is believed the amount lacton^^^^ yond the means of the peopk ^^l^^J^^jf^^l^^^ Active measures a^ p^ies interested >" thejAo^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ ;rKrranf:fTrtrS^^ to awaken the mindsofthe ^1?;: itVm^Sll F^^s ilSlth Carolina are the Gre^fJ n iVnlJc^Sotte and South Carolina, the Wdmington afiiMo»\ S:fSidte''Sire::road extendi from Char^ston ^oaju^ S Sa, feut th:y are apfropriately described as a portion olthj ^t^G^l^^tdolur^ road extends from Columbi^ the ter, e i^I Simbia branch of the South Carolina raikoad, toGrwn .tough-Une » the M„™s.p|.. J'^'°^;„I^Ju ^''X S . o«»eJ rovement act H. ©pc. ISQ, .''i^SrS:„rf^r5^r'^ i^^°E's„ brief „7. mNonh Carolimi, toT,?''?^'°«f> ''«' most impZZt.Tj^.'"'"^''^ market. Like most of tL u """"""^^^^ without suitablp n '" ^ ""^^'^it^ and Manchester railroart tu , • pubJic. and will add lamelv to tK ? ^ conveilynce of the travS other roads. AlthouglJa first J -fw *"" '""^^''^^^ «« relaUonsto U cost of southed roads Tb: whoie'V'^ constructed at ttZl p advanced; some portions of it are o- '' ""-''^'' "^^"'^^"^ «"d N^ss to completion with all practicablpT ^''' ^"^ '^^ ^bole is^n ' The only Dro/ect of any considS^hl kp^'P^^^^* ;i;ced. as tlie ^«r.A.«,,i^^"oaf lt?H^ 'n^portafice, not already l^m and Manchester road of "^- ^"T Charleston to the arlingtOD. Theobjectof thiJrn.:i^ ^ P^""^ between Marion Jn5 ■r^t oudet. and to place her nil 1'" '^'"^ "^ ^^^leS a m^re " j;he South. WitLut suci a w^rk £^^ T^^ between^e Ch jMou^/er road would be to dTve« the j^'^T* ''^^^ mim,J^ ' id would consequently threatPn JZ • f T*^^* travel from thai^IT » prmoses.to construct a Skn v ""^^ ^^^ rfon. this ci^ fks she wiU place herself o?V? ^'^^^ ^'^ Savannah. BvlbpS ^«tremes of?he coun^^' °'^ ^*^^ ^°--"-°t line of travel bltf^^ Ctt;OBGiA. ft.^'U?68^^^^^^ in 1860. 906.999 ' V ■ fri.r '^ •,M III Mi W III Ml m illM P Hil wBlt Ipf S' '4 ^2 \ 'ii. Doc. 136. ' , e^ ^oTiaopmpnf of her railroads. In these respectJi^ lence, and successful f anagement oi « ^r rour r * ^he ranks first araonj the «°f^«^^ JSJt'ere completed ^ Ling to the ff V- I^S i^r they ^r^^^ From the a comparatively brief penod after they wer ^^^^^^ . sparse populauon m the fouth. and the a^^^^^^^ g^^^^ ^^.^ ^^ iAterior, tte completion of a ^ad ^necessary ^„ fi^^ye. connexions proposed are formed, the worK .|^ i^^ge revenue, as Successive ifnks, as they are opened. do not J^eld g^ ^^^ ^^., is the case with many nonhern h^es, ^^h^^h hnd ^^ , -^ ^^, ^ ^ boring villages a remune^^tmg *^«^^- {^°^V many of the projects ot- to be attributed the [p^l^r-e m t^^ the 1 nes of railroad commeiced at 1836 and 1837. Portions «%«J^^^^^^^^^^ which fol- that r "i^^' TL-T-^it^r or Jsecutir^^ Hnks brought lowe5 checked th*"^.^"^^^^? P^^^^^^^^ importance to develop and into u^e were not «f ^^^^'f^^S^^d^^ intances, projects commaiid a remunerative busine^, mid, m^ • we ab#onedeven after^^^^^^^^^ ^Uuded to, were ctfly for business. Ihe reverses vauci southern and jjyeetern Tat'f ThS: gS\l' tKerXTldcrness as compared with o;ily from the l^ck of^pvtal adequa^^^ those ouaMies "^^^^'^^^P'^^tnce. The eflfect of the reverses and wM can only. result ^rom/^P^'^^^^ attempts to construct raU- , ^ottainel, was to discourage for a J^« J^^^^f P^^ has brought with roads. But the ""g P,^^-^^^^^^^^^^^ examples°of other it greater means; a wider exper^^^^^^^^ objects; and a more inti- States; more disUnct and better dennea j , .^ ^^^^^ pate m-^^^^^-f-f^^r'^nTt^^^^^ <=°™«4 . in such ^J'^ks. Jhe ope^^auo^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^^. A iV^' MareSS per odtSese were assumed in the projects u. Tt^l^enfr & ^"r^-tly^^^^^^^^^^^^ the to ThSafteVa sovere^struggle, her l-ding Une» were ™pto oNi/ St ate. , Their roads ^ave not only en^^ledthcm^"^^^^^^ ^ resources to the bestlicfammp^urfiave d^ t^^ spirit of enterprise and activity tor which the people ot Ueor.a parUcularly distinguished. . -ongtitute two great lind ■^ The leading roads '" ^P^'"^^"'" J? JJ^^'f^f^^Z T^ fint extenj tepresenting, apparently, two ^different *"J«^^^'^'- / "^^1;^ TennesJ dm Savannah; the commercial capital of the State, to the ^. Doc. 136. Ham and TTestern ami w! ^^^ '^ ^^^i "P of the G,^.^ r, - valley, is a State work Th^ ^ ^f^''^ carried iSo tho T^""^' ^^^ CmAka railroad, and rer^'"' /^l ^ .'^^^^' ^^^^^on ^t^^^l as does the Wer^^ l^^rnnah'^^? ^^ "^ ---ercSfdfS em and Atlantic link mav K« -/^ ^ <^ertain extent th^ \^ * The first-described line, however T"^ •'■ ^" ^^'"'"on to b„A It?''' nect it with a much larJ^r ^' ^"^ "nJ>ortant branched w.\ °^*' Macon it receives 'be 2?I/r°" ^f ^'^^ State th "n S kn? ^T constricted to Ogl.thorpTwffwm^^^^^^ ^ -Po'^n?&^^^^^^ the Chattahoochee. A branrh^rTk- v^ ^^ntmued to Fort GaJnIc ^ .in^portant town op^hrriver ^ tl " '^^ F^^-^"- Su'C western Georga and easfP,-n Ii u *"® Principal decof nf ftoJ^-' anes of the State, and will r^^„i • ^ northern and westPm K j^- tan*g .raffic: "•" — =" 'n>po„a„. -cesdoTtoufit The three great roads, of the Stai» „),■ ui M"l,and take high rSktir^??" ^^«*' ^«^n u£„7y s^e! feihTSf'^'?'- « series oT?eL-s^T"^"^^"^b««tW^^^ kwtthstandliig their iiriperfect modT ' r^^' P^'" ^^"t- Mendf Ireamred repairs equal to an enuVdHew 5 ^^"^^"^^tion, which hi' Me « less than the average ouIa^ZT^T'^'''''-''^^^ t^eir cost Tt Mwing m part to the favorabK ''"^^*'"* *^« country. £ Uipnses, and the^ruderSd skSfor'''^"^*'^.^ conr^lr^i, such «n constructed and manage? AU lhT''T'" ^" ^^^'^h they have ^. chiefly- from their IcS raffic Th? ^^^^ Proved p Aabll ecta^-hnks, which must use'the a^t ^ ^^P'^ extension of coa! '«8t,« the ordinary course of h.T ''' ^^'^""k lines to imiS ^ntconsiderableTevrnue^ "^ ^"«^«««' » very largely trth:^ '^on on the Savannah river A iv. ' • f^l^^^^ ^^ ^he headof ^in, and the whole is n^Iy c^^^,^" -\f^^ ^-e is already if tm^-Iink between other roads anTK , " ^ important con- iST r^ ''^^^^ '•» the sou'Cte^ „S-'"^«dd to ^^^ Se^ '4 ';l'-."r;'. J ?• < X 1? " ' ±.' «f ti,o QtnMi The Southwestern is alrel postern .fortion of the Sm% i neo ^ ^.^^, > vto to junction s"th the S«"^^' ft^Kon. it%uverses a ticS - 1 } BOW ■ ' "striking ■ bm BSS t Will VPtnaieiy jwiiijp-^vw-*";' , 7^*1 Sntring at Columbus ll(^«fai|^^ enue. ~U% nearly complite^l^Ciivi iflteBpenig [i^^rable importan®^ to.«oth^r,m«ls in ?itoi&v ^lA^^SMrHMPP^'ljears pretty much the same relatibn to ■ HW^WmXwtscogee to the^ Central hue.. ^^Tt ^extends from .^^W f^S^i^am\ie Georsiu and fTesf^-re a»* Atlantic ro^i, ^^l^i^r eSn terminus of the MonM^nan, a,ul W^ to 'ire??' -P^w^ . t"® ^ Tcr .«;1p<, A Dorlion of tWoad i§ already in ialstation, and the wlo'e " '■3. ,o Montcomery, Jfcbama. As . r feSTt i?Sy 8-^=* - ' -^^ °f, ™^f 1= "f ^' i Connecllpg ImK, u 1=3"""^' »^ , v,;„>iW rultivated portwMofthe State, ■ trlt fairJ^ KtlrMJ^r::^ of i? Stl a we • ^;S;in.porUnt^^^i^ > particularW -^^^^^^^^f^.^^'Z the State of GeorgiS mtst J Wa to the .^^'^^'^'^l, 'Surmounting the grfeat Alleghany or AppaJ awarded the^onor of fir^t^^^^ of railroad from tlJ , lachian jrange, a^r^d ol carrying a difficulties in the waj^ seacoast into the ^''^^^f ^V^^^^^^^^^ regarded as a crownJ "' r ' Wh" Te™^^ the Zt [mpo 'ant rcsuks are ce J riL^loJ^ The construTbn of the Western and Atlantic road was ^ ., to follow, ine consiruciuj , ^ ^j southern and soutW '' signal \iT To^^^.^-^^^ - western States. 15y opening an "« „,,merous important proecti tion of country, it at once gave birth to ^X^'"^,^. JM which are now' making rapid progress, ami ^"i^J; . j;. ] wil OF^ to the whotesouthern country the .^^vn^. of radro^ ttansportation. Among the mpre important of thei Ttemphis and Charleston, the East, Tenn^ssee^ NMeand <^^nooga rbads already rfiterr^ will open a dir^&; of railroad from Me on the Tenuesail^r, to tho southern Atla • pnd 8n^ann.ah. and >Vill become lOie^tig^ ^"^iSt radial branches.' The mshm^ be namq Itrt, and fThe fon ortant toij ' CharlestI number of i of 1 sprir tant radial prancues. j.^-^ .,c^..^...-, - tR^ State of Tennessee in a northwesterly impulse to the numerous radroads' which are i , TeWssee and Kentucky. These rairoajs w.U|, with those of Ohiprindiana and }^-<^^j^^il^Z I given a m 1 life, both conncj northern i ^^^'^tZ^^^'^'== ^: 136. r^iMtruction of this roa^ • ^f"«acola, n Florida n ^'^^ i^"an- fcoDg the works of i„,eS !m„™''° " 8'«"i to this Stat, ,„ kled, in prorress „r „ . '"P'^ement tiferein ,„l. 1 ' '"- ^nsof citizens of th^S^r '' '"?^"' '^^'-^ore. l?th!7Z '"''^- I* ".after, relating .0 thrSt.'" *^ ^«»*. and cont^i„f ;*! _ e roads of these Staffl '^n :'^'. '■t:,*f- •• /" ::^ n-'A M' If -4. • .*• '.* • ' ..N'T? U{>i ■J rf*. Il Doc. ISfi- ,1. latter casC^^ere ^^^r^.^^^^ZZ^rl^^^ whole populauon 19 engaged in a^ui^J^^ ^^^^ • ^ ^^6 same in tt«A traffic, the prod«<^i« 3^^^^^^^^^^^^^ «" entirely different But upon axout^ ^"f^'^'^^Vt^ayeT^re^ori! abounding in a diversity rule pSails. Such rou es traverse ^eg^ ^^^^^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ of productions, all ofi which a^e regara ^^ ^^.^ ^^ ^^.^_ :;rry indiv/dual in the como^umty. S"di ^e^ J^^^ ^ ^^ cide with the ««^»^f J°"^^^he S'^^^^^^^^^ ""^^ ^ '"'^'^^'^'' mu3t always pass. «lt^°V|V,SnKv?^^^^ ^"^^ ^^"^^V^ '^"""'^ voted to agriculture, ^he grmnsi pr ^^^^^^^ of cotton, rice, It is this fact that giv^ P^'^^'TtoTend f^m the°Gulf of Mexico to munication which it is P'^^P^^^^^fX e^^^^^^^ o( which .abound in the the lakes, thus uniting a po"""^y ^^ h\h northern latitudes. fruits of the tropics, and «^^« rt^J^f Mexico constitutes a gre.' A railroad extenamg from yj,,';."^. ^ channel of distribution ova national route of qommerce, and f^^^^^^^r Jucts of the regions t. the whole country, for the. vast v^«j r ^ ^^^^ j^^^ ^rsed, and at the f-«]""^,S^CfuC^^^^^ Such are the'^ext^ may not be required ^^'^^^omesUc e^^^^^^ the whole aggregate, and range of human wants, that they t^^^^ ^^^^ , 0, ducuon of every varie y f^'l^^^^'% capable of p^ofcing m to the variety f J^^',^;dtLy "^^^^^ an '««ancerfa every arUcle used m orainary r , compleUo^ABT a raJroi that ire of prima^ ^'?^P°'^ Lake Egan, a person Sg midr from the Gulf of Mexico ^° ^j^^J^Xve ^^^ daily supplied . between the two ^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^h^^ Seliciou, fruits of the trop.cs,j the luxuries of both ^xtre^^^^j'" Valuable products of northern I the more t6m|^red ^ut n^^^y^^^^^^ P ctically. of eocA.^ , , enuallv important in aiiqther poit Extended lines of ^adroads are e OT ^ aggregate there u. view. It ^^-y^Jl^SoX ^^^ oil the?f Sfee iM abundance of production for the w^« Such must be the case I crops in different Vor^'^'^'fJZr^nJmth ordinary' roads odI country of so vast an f ^^.^.r^re ,urplu» product as-to sJ is found ipipossible so to ^'^^'^l^J^^e^ ^failed. The H abundance at points .-»^J^t'l,^l!7nrZaiv ro ads is measoredj economical ^nsP**^^'*'" ^^J^!^", Jf want and abundance, thef«l few miles.. The greatest ex^em^sof^>^^^^^^^ H. Doc. 130. 4 887 ALABAMA. Populaiion ill 1830, 309 5Q7 . • .o ' iream square miles fin -yoo •' , . ^*0' 590,756. ■„ ic^« chaxacter we have de-inriu j^ , ^'^^^ of the ^vlnT* ,^' ing /mm Mobile, on he Gulf t.f^^'^^ -"^ OlgoTaiCt ''^ ^''^ river, a distance of SqI^-, "^^ 2f ^^exico, to the m/I"^''' ^xtend- MobiJe bay to a^infth "'• /^°'« ^^obill it wii.T"'^ «<' the Ohio at low tide, maK rI^''l ^ ^T^ "^ 20f feeT of vv ^'^^^^^^^ ^^^n Irection pf the heavy traffic « "raoie. There are no frm.l • , ^""^^ point of elevation^W^the Tfr"^ ^' ^'^^^ to the nilL U" l^"^^^ reqnired above 130 feX J ^"£ '« on^V 505 feet S ^^e highest aleml outfit, is $lo ooofe S\«^"'^«M cost of f^f, ^"^f ^ ^^« 'in operation; but the wol •* .^^^«^«Iine 33 °^/^^ '°^^' ^^h I bai will 'be immedltet ''l '" ^''^^^^^ "^n 279 t! ''" ^^^^^ iave the whole linrcomnf .^ ''''^^ ""^^^ contract T.^'^' ""^ ^''^ time. Thecompanvar^?T^ '^^''^"^ three yeTr; f^Jl' i"J^«ded to >•«« in any ^U-m1 """»'W on the other j,° ^"""'"gl'ee river Nrestiiiff nnoii tho Ai . ^*"PP"^menc ncr in AM.„ V *^'ties. PM Mobile, j| the Alabama- ^JT ^"^^' to be eventuaJlv ^ ItoMoh « iu '''^ ^'«'^«m*>iver at ^rl^ ^ a')ama, thouoh at --ni3 to ae.....;»;^^iH The ^^^^^.e'^J;::^^ ' .^ <> ' • ''St. ^i ' ir "• >?^ :-.' ■'i ■t^i^ hi' i •s '»«f I > .t i 't -'IS*' iS6. wrqadfrom Jacksonville to Palton, Geor- - - . ttfftft fFffi-m-eai line already described, traversing the en- gia, to connepUWlfn ine 6||; i^ Q^ijem Georgia, eastern rennessee, Sre country, *pa8smg through r^rth^^^^^^ b i-oad AyiU form and centr^Jaiid western Vu-gina.^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^^ the southern trunk, and co"^^*'^^ V*^'" ^^'^'iu ^Iso form a link in another import,&nt chain et roads, ^^^PiJgJ^^ parried forward FrWGunter's Landing, us "^^^V^^^^ by the Winchester I the Nashville and CfuiUanoo^^dji Wmche^.^, J^^,, ^^^^^.^^^ ai^P^Uama road, now m P^^^f'* jl^'o^peration. Fron^ Winches- ]mfid me other by way "i \ -From Winchester to McMmnville a ;^lfe and Lcxuigton, Kentucky^ Fn^^^^^ .fcad is in F«g-«^'^%^""Sn^unp^^^^^ is ubout 250 miles long] portion of #e hue. /'^^^^"J;.""P embraced n the internal iInprov^^ ' 5lie Ten^ssee porUon of th ^«^ ^^^^J^.^,,, ^, j^ progress to LcJ xne^ act Ot that Kate, and vinrop Tennessee and Kentucky/ the means reqms.te to tli^^^^^J;,,^"/" completed, the Aiftna ail When these connecting hnessha^^^^^^^ ^ennesse^road will «"f ^T^^^J '^^^^^^^ in the Btate of Missi r The Amajna ec^^if^±l^'ll iSpTopriate extension, east, of i sippi, and extttfiding to Selma, ]« ^'l^P^^^^^ ^i^e State of Missiesip fKusiirpi Sa«^4m^ railroad 'l^^S^^if^'^i^^i'S^^^^ under cont' centrally from west to east. This hnehas^D^^ from the State Une toSeJ^S%^;^ P^P«^^ .^^ ^fj^ eastward so^a. ^^^^^^^^''^Z^o^Iou oTthe above. gan^j W .^^S^dir^ and co^Uqus railroad ^ould Si^d "^S^Sihe aSc ports.pf Charle^ton^d Sava. an^«aIninati9n "ofthe accompanpng W- ihe ^^ V^ , line, -ith the e^cepuo, of t^^^^ will, for the pre8e«^,^e ^ag^^^'^fA^ is the pVoposea . ^"£J'Ttotru^,»S^S^^^^^ 4rom Cftrorrf, a ^own "PP^lifry^ • . j railroad. A portion of ^?''''^,^'S ltttaveSf»/toTco„8id«ablepaitoftetogtl.« _lhe G0orgia syateni o^roau"; ^ Y;^-,^ ^^ ^^,], may not^ -be n^aoSRTthough^ T^MhToSSefa^ry import» e now occupied. H' Dot, 136. 889 Seen brieHy noticed. It commences nTS u.^"* west, has alreadv town upon the Mississippi beTween IV **A"|Ph«. the most import^^ png through portionTof Sesfr M-^"^"^ ""^ St/LouC^d forms ajunctionvTith the Nashvijnn!jPK''''''Wi. and Alabama _^m poijion of the last nS Sta^ Chattanooga road in the nS whole line IS under r>nn»,.o«» <-" oiaie. Its leneth is 9fi!i .^i V My .he "horrrrihe'roadt^'l ">■/'' "SsS^Mo'oo*" anipkineans for consfiM^f; "^^-^°"Y *^ subscribed in «/r>,z.. „ i Aard toCrompTetb: wi» ^'^^^^■^^^' "^^ --' wi2' be /he above line includes two of tS ^V'^m'^"^'^^^ despatch ^ Uiei<^or«^^e, and the r«,cSi« «,2 n ^ ff'^''^^^ P'-qJeets of 1837 r was abandoned after it< H!! '^^'^ ^ccamr. The form^f ^r Vu *^ as the moti%-nower Tl,« »•*? Wi Jate years been \vorL=r? u.rU waKrare a complete otetrucUon to Zf"- ^^''•" »'»<=1' 1- W nm. Both of Uie above roads hav»t, "™«>«'oh of the Tennes&I uiaaes wffl| that of the m-eathnp tj • , ' '^"" their direction />/^ '^^J"^^ A^-tter" ^'"' ^'- T'^^'r -^option will diminish Cgejy |u«,jrucurgeu^iOPj,gj I j^ ' """ me Mississippi rivpr Nofa large trade ai^aver^nT^;^^,!""«t become the c W ' ven«nt oudet to the AflKppi Hvpr T'^ ^'^^«^«" W'" form a c^" fatx^^^^^^^ pre:ft:r'if pT^;/,t l^hen completed, fo.^ r;art oflhT t- '^' ^^^"^^'^ A- 1? rjMdbetween the Mississippi and f>, a*^^'^ practicabfe hne of fficienttoestabhshitsclaimMrpubhoi ."^^^^tic-a fact in itself ofits ength it traverserthe ?Te„„r''^^'f,^°^- ^or the greater ^^edi^cts in the United Steves Thf'^^ ^^^7'" «"« of thfmosf TatftionT^^,- ^^ChSon^a^riala^r'?^-^^^^^^^ S!<^'S''^ J'^'^^^J^^Zd the ttunk of two great Constitute the Montgomery «'^5^,\^'^^tend a line of railroad from eastern Hnes., It -f ^Cgf tL^^^^^^^^^^ ^e no^ doubt of the uhi- demand further notice. : > , MISSISSIPPI. ^ , . •" iQQA nfi fiQl • in 1840, 375,6^1 ; in 1850, 600,555. Population m 1830, 136.621 ,m.^^ Area In square miles, 47,15b » ^""^ • |„ Mississippi ts tlie South- The only importarit ^"/^ ^o^rfi to Brandoi! a distknce of em railroad, .f pending from If^^gomery and West Point mho.L about sixty miles. Ihis, I'.^e lut. «g,,„ti-and has experienced i vras one of the e^^y.^JT^fn^^tiSi it was proposed to make tf.^ similar history. By * V ^^'"^1 &^^^^ M ssissippi and AlabaJ part of a line extending through he States o^^ ^^^^i g^ , ^^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ?o Georgia, and, in connexion with ^« ^^^^^.y,,,.^ ^oads, the sche. lantic. ' As was the case withso ma y ^ circumstaaees th proved a failure. It is, »>°,^X's^n a greater part of the Alab. promise fuU success. f^^i^^^^J^Ss; and oplration. are about Sortion is either completed "^^ f TJiYg^iggippi^secuon. When m le commenced upon the ""S^^^f „f '^^^^iblic utility. There plet^d. this lineyrill P^/^^X Iret^er ajpareit neces^t r^iijfeS/tfSr^S^^^ i. .. leans aims at opening ^ /^'T'f^^"" ^^^^^ Zposed northern termuinjj the southern and >«jstern States. 1^ Tl "thisVeat work is NashvMe, the cap.m ^^ ^ ^ji^,, i, ,« regaid| lengtli of the road will be about fij«^°"^ ^^^^^^ ^ is one ol il^ith especial favor by the people «* J^f'f^ ^^s^o^ to herself a tr ^eat w?rk. by which ^ha-t city p^^^^^^^^^ tide of .esj ^hich has m a measure ^^^f /^^^^X" ^Je fmrnense resources of .^^emmcrcc ia h e r . g . yori^nd tode ve^ ^ extensive region of cduntrv, to tje^omr^rce ^^^^^ ^^ lay claim. The magnitude o^his pr J" ^ | Ss of the objects ^f^^fZ^'oZnTt^it^ fuUy awakene^l 1 .of supioeness, the city of New Orleans is ^^ „« as Jevidence of thfc I^^er^^^^'S 000 to the Stock of thp af tare efforts, she has subscribed $2,000,yuu w m i ./'/ /// M:::/; /, V' Doc. 186; m , * -» ' ^ I/I.* ' /' « J J* 11 / *>. roidi and is adopting the moat v" ' \- cure i^«» early coustr uctioa. With^K^"^ ^** effect ve measures to ««. IflHtt, tfie Deople on the J?ne ocZ '^/'^'«^<^e offered byNew ot d^cjveness the inhabitants o?S are Sr^.f ^^-^ ""'^^^ ««d p"^„ 'Jin m^ ^'^ly to contribute freefv'h^'^" '«>J^ortance oAC of diem. When the great interest IL/!?^ whatever may be reciuirerf , be brought to bear uoon if or« ^orK, and the local meana ikn* Lb^or a greater part of the Snofntr.?'^^^^^^^^^ the road ban T , roaVl The line of this roarl l..! ' f ^^"^ TOinimuni cost of son^L My p„r.«c a pJe y'SLt c6u"^ l k''" ^«"^^*^iy loeatd.Ct SV •bn M,ssi.sippi, ^a no^cZtlZ^l --y of Jackson atid aS The next great 1 ne in f ho *jJ 7 • . ,, ■ • '- If fro™ Cantonin anorth^ri^SrSn'an;? "^'^"^^^^ ^^'^al, extendinir ^ < ' '^ U-' ' m e State ine of TennesserTw^^^ .; ;/.. j^|. i Jackson, .n the latter State, there to form a '• P'*"P««^4 »<> expend tT P V- : t/ ^ . \t ^y' T^'o^"^ *^« proposed iSro^-'r'''-''"^*'^ ^^'« Mobite ^ " * * '' '^ JMempbis. At Canton it Will unhewTthT-^'^^'^H' Kentucky, to lackson, and, m connexion xvith thTs .J. . T'^, "'^'^ ^" Progress t^ lAldHjurii the work of construction h^sL^^^"' ^"^ Jackson line! Imns have already been provided bv tL^ ^^^ ^^tn^enced, ample Ipbters upon its line. The obS of rh- "7"''^^' ^"^ ^^e WeSt'hv ienchcotton lands traversed ly it whipr^^ '' '° ^P*'" «" °"tlet fo?' Meincans of sending their wodL^,'* are now deprived o£M l^ are constructed in fhe s^uSlhev r fn? "^^^'^ Wiienever r JS ' nnsportation, and consequenUv incrp?J f ""''l^ H^'j the oost^ kessity is imposed u^n oriL d?S ^ P'"^*' ^f^^e planter, that ka« the means of corpe^g sueSX'w",f ^^ '" '^^ ^^^^^^^ fmh works. ^ « successfully with those in possession Anftther road of considPMM« • ^ "comer of the StaTel '^"^""'^ ^ '""'^^ ' M !■■• ■>:••-■ f'H; ti r I ' f J !^' Th, accommodation of" f hne of the Memjfhit ion of the northeast- '^,' - / v.. LOUISIANA. ppulation in ifi.^n oi g >vo ft. • Ntateof Loui^ianriViS^^^ ™ile. 11.15? '^^*' fgto them the interior commerce of thl '''^" ?^°P*^' ^"t for N nor accomplished mucriL^orkofTdfi'^r-^ neither at- worKs ot artificial improvement^ r . f .". , > ■ » f I ' , I ■4* *; H ^k,M i HiJDoc. i^- yi 4 1 1.4. :»4r^ 116P the river afforded the best B^rtre railroaas were brought inU)Use^then ^^ ^^^^ kSwn mode of tr^]»«P«'^taUon, both for p^^^^^ „otS)e superseded by habit had produced a convicuon^at It cou^a n^^^^ ^J ^y other cWnels or routes of «^°^"^7;- ^f °f the importaiice of fel- a.en thepeople of ^ew^^elSs^d of trengtheninrtheir natural lowing the example of other <: ^^s, ^ oi * ^ ^^e result of the position, by artificid works. uU^adim^^^^^ of undertaking Works of rival commumties--rendered ^^^^^^^^^^ Although thS simUar im]f.rovements too apparent to be lo^^^^^ projects of the northern and eastern Sytes^by^^^ L trade of the Mississipm basm^^^^^^^ been on^ p^ .^^^ y^ .^ ^{ yet the influence whxchtW --^^^^^^^\^ ^,,ral and accustomed tbe commerce of that g^^^f^^^^V ^^^.i^jed, that, for a few years past, channels, has been so marked and ^f^^r^J. ^ portions of the great , Sie trade between New Orleans and ti^edx^^^^^^^ valley has dim.|she^^^^^^^^^^ Such, fact rapid mcrease ot ttie wesi ^ y f»ommunity to a sense of the wi too startling not to arouse the whole eomm y ^^^^ necessity of taking the ^^^P^'^^lXlIm Jc^tance ; and the people »of the loss of their trade and comrnercm^ 2Snt measures to repir the New Orleans are now takmg tlie "^^'^^'^^^^^^ in the prosecution ^ consequences of tt»eir neglect and ^« ^^^^^^^^^^^^ to reesto^Ush and of two gr.ax works, ^y ™fns of which they p po j^^_^^ . ^^j^ retain the hold they once had ""V^atLmtJ^ of the people of Loui- The leading WCiect now ^ngj^ng th^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^i 1,^^^^ ^„^ aiana, and part^rly tho;«;f^!lSXy propose to connect them- i^ashvUle railroad, by f nstn^cting wbch thjy p ^^ selves not only durectly with a re^^ S^e n^nS^^ now in the larg^t amount of trade, but v^'«? the n ^^.^ ^^^^ ^^.^^ progress in the south anc^^^«^esUlte lengt ^^^^.^^ ^ ^r^ tar from 500 mUes. It wiU tr^^ff ^^'^^J^ tfcminus, wiS b« brought and productive region, nnf nt ^^ "°^J^^™ X>n of the country. I imo comjpiWicatxon ^Y ^^^J^P.^™^Sg^^^ is beUeyejji that this road will « J^rt a aro g Mississippi valley to ward oth^ ciUes. ine wuoie ^,„^.- _v.le when the work of coi placed und^ contract a, soon -.J^'^-f *^^^^^^ despatcJ.^ atruction wiU be urged forward witnineL. r ^ ^ ^ j-taiewt The other leading project f ^^^^f e/5,^,XJ^T^Vad. ' Theobje , that described, is the ffew O/^^X^rX^^^^^^ th, count. - «f this ro'^d is t6 ^<^^«'?'Pf^?. ^ '\L tmnk^rtwo other great line; X^versed! and eventually to f^^^e^^^^^^^^^ that it wiH'eventual onfefcxtending mto Texa^^wuh the e^^^^^ ^^^^ ^1^^ ^,l,cr in be carrited across ^the cffctinentta ti^e r ,^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^ ^rth»rly direction, through Arkansjas, tp K. l^ouis^ j" i^irPfUa E^e?.Tortt ti?part oTtbe.present pnrjcct, -U^^wg^^^H^"^ territory of the State. o.irenrJt^^jd^nfi district! '' ffiout. of this road traverses be great «"g^^^^«„,,/ > Louisiana, from which transporta^bn to a j »^J^ >• !»' fe «>. (ff ft Doc, 130. ;/ accustomed the Stote, the road wiU conof,t»f ^^ di«ctIon of trade., The Cfn?^ **'"^'^^^ °"tlet in the con vpn." . rfateJv, as ample n::.^^:'^:^^^^'^'' '^ cl'nS ^ The above are thf twr. i^ "^ l^'t'pared lor this purDnvOHeanso"SS "'^ -^4 to^Surat ' tages than any ojher ck^nTl- P^'^'^ion possossinir „rLpr' »? ^ cLerceofitXlUZdrnt' '""/'"^°^- She hefd^he Tev to fh ' fehaffi.rd50,000^mLTfe^J';^^ basin, watered b^ rive' pru^ipal proHflcing region of SeSr"* Jt^' ^asin islw the — cialsVen^cfaCn^rm^^^^ be the test of ^danger to be ivxjrted becamil.„ - ^' "''''^^ be induced to aS Su ' ton of the State ha/b^nl^Ltl'^ .^^^^^^piiBhcd. tliZcSsH w l •>^t. f 844 ^^y £1* .|Doc. 136. seen that the proper and only course for the accomphshment of the r^ sX Sed at%L to cotLlidate the different organizations mto one body and pay off old liab%es by new bans resting upon the creit body, a"" Ij'^? . „ this has been effected. The result has been t^^ctTt^cJL^^^^^ has been <.nipletely restored. The new ban, to pay off outstanding liabilities, commanded a handsome premium and^the city is now in a position to extend efficient aid to KrToposed works. As the loss of her busmess and her credi could be Ely traced to the indifference with which slic regarded aU worSof nter^^^^ improvement, she proposes to restore both by calling Ther assistance all Ihe agencies supphed by modern science „i aid ol ^T^^tot":c:nt^Srof1^^^ re.rred t. t^eayh. voed $2,000,000 in «id of the Nc^ Orleans and .^ashallc, and SI 500 000 to the New Orleans and Opelousas roads. Ihesc sums will probably be increased, should it be Ibund necessary to the accom- phshment of their objects. Both works are to be pushed forward xv.th k the despatch called for by the exigencies demanding their eonstruc- ^%ierearetwo or three short roads in operation in this State, ot^a local character, and other lines are projected; but they.are notsuffi- ciemly matured to call for particular noUce in this report. TEXAS. Population in 1850, 212,592. Area in square miles, 237,321; in, '"'^^X^r^^i^'^^on too recently settled to allow ti^ef J the construction of extensive lines of railroad It must, however. «K,n become an active tlieatre for the progress of these works, winch iire not ont^ very much -neeJect, but for which the topographical fealur« of the Slate are favorable. The surface of the greater nart ol it consists of level, open prairies, which can be PX'Im. of'S structure of railroads at a slight expense. The soil is of g ed fertility, capable of -producing large quantities of sugar and cottni which must uUimately be forwarded over railroads to market, from thej ibspnce of navigable rivers. The most prominent projects, at the present time, occupying the atlen lion of the people of this State, aie the proposed road from ^iilve8t.,n d the Red riier, and the extension westward of the Nav Orleans and Op\ fowo, raUroad. The line of the former of these extends fnnn Galvestod fo^enerSly northern direction, betweerr the Bra;cos and Trinity J to thi Red riJer, whicli forms the northern boundary of the State. M Sout four hundred mile» long Through its ^jf l'«^« l-g^h i H erses a fertile region, well adapted to the culture of cot on. Tin poi tbn of Texas is entirely wantfng in any natural oudet br 't,j)ro(h|d^ thrivi itig |H»ptdtrtiwiT aapahlc oisupulg )wiu-ds this project the State liaj it already contains a ,- „ ..,'-,- i- ing a lucrative traffic to a road. Towmds this project made a grant of lands equal to 5,000 acres per mile of road ?mdj Jr necesLy, extepd farther aid. These l^"^^^ ^^'^ 8'^«f^2«l3 company coistrucUngthe road. Measures ore now m progress >^lu H. Doc. 136. 948^ r '" «>«te and to northern S^ wm nflf"?' ^""^^^ ^« the peopfe icotton-producing district of the Somh anW ^ •f,'"^^ ^''^^ ^« ^he ««£? IcoBimerciaf importance ol" Galveston X ' ""^ -"^H^ fe'^-^^tly increase the I rbeother wort referred to^lTsos^VZ"?^^^ ^^-PPrt of the State Lcnng at us eastern terminus wUh the N ^T, '^^^ ^° ^^^^^^n^ Id. The above is proposed nor nnl *^ ^''^'^"^'^nd OrtJhuL llnulroad connectrnfftlie Gulf nf Afl ■ ^''^te, but as part of a emnt ^n^ Lthrough Texas is^to be ?oun 1 1 '''''' '^"'' '^^ ^'^^ific. I iS 1.T P,„ld such prove to be tt fo?t ,£ ^rPtl^ ^-^ ^r «uch a worf iheroute of the national road, a ' t HZTt ^T ^^" ^--^Jw th lerned-Anart, however, from aU c^n l.T'''^ f ^^ I portion of' the Pacific project, the necS t f ^^ ^f "« becoming leS^te from east to west is s; urgent S 7 "^ '""^''"^^ traversinf lay be considered certain. ^ ^' "'"' "^ speedy construction No State in the Union is m^U U (he lapse of time will suretbri^S 'f'l] T^^^'^^ ^'-"' Texas, H !" '^'^'' States. . The vafueof^suTh If ''?' "«Provements we ' fcd there laeveiydispsition to encourai 17^' '' ^»% appreciated! «itsofland,of whith the StateTn?/ "^''''"'^'■"ction by liberal «g work in progress in the sttet Z'fl i^f '\^- ^he^only S. Wo road, extendlinff frbm wf • L ^ ^"^"^« ^"i'ow, Bra-o, Z^ " ■ livert the trade of that rive/ to GaTve'L hi. "%? °^' ^^^« r«°d is " Idv become important, and the aW Sv^^l ^his trade has al- hconvenient direction to the prSai 1 '^'^^ °P«" ^r it af outkt I fbe are numerous other pro^SnL-P^'l''^'^'^ State. I •• ^ifljariolis portions of the State- bnPtf"^ the attention of the Aeo- kd. of which the directSn' and n?" ^"^ "°"*^' «-^^^Pt tG ' k to fall within the scope of thl nol^ -^^ wu ""'^ «"ffi<^ienUy de! • P., the favorable character Jf ?ts temLvT^^'V '^^ ^"-^^^ ^^^^ «f : roads, lis resources, and the den«P ™y. ^o^ the constructiorf'of [taken into consideration, there carbe^^nt'?" ''\ '"'^ ^^ -^^Z Um active theatre of' lail^ad emeW. n 'Y' '' '''^^' ''' ^-^S "^ laddiuon to those named, the following ^^ "'' ''^*'^««- - Utention throughout the State v^'!^ P'^^'^^^ ^^ attracting more ine lexas Wettmi r&ilronr? fi. ♦ r Uthe rtio Graiidell; Zy 'bLVe^m r^S^"^ ^'^"«^' '<^ «-h ^r*;, ,• , expedient, m the direction The GoWaW^ra«,wi?av railroad ' . Theiotwa railroad, to iTin.mTi^ '' . he &«^;«o«,oa»i3/,ievLTw;^{^"Pf valley. Ut between Gatel^rald C^'"^^^^^^^ '^ f"" ^-m some point - -.«. yyuioraao railrojirJ fW.rr. a .• " -^'"onio. ^ The VMcrg and Aunti-n Citut'aT ''"'^'"'^ '^' Hendersonf • r "^^'^ -^'El Paso roid??n about 2 22° latitudes .«>.il- L'»i J. S46 H. Doe* 136. ABKANSAS. w •„ is-^O rTerritorv,) 30,3^; in 1840, 97,574; in 1850, 2oS Area T^KleT 52,198; inha^^ to square mi^. 4.01. '■■ ^»„fi,rp hpenreearded as too remote, and too thinly . THb State has ^^^^^^^l^^^"^^^^^ enterprises. A number of settled, to become the;h«^^\° ^^^ attracting great attention and .important projects, no^^^J^'^*^^ ^^^^^^ of these are the proposed interest Jimong her. people. ^ he leam Memphis, with Toad from^Little Ro^k to the JJ^^^' W^'^i^^Jt ^ Shreveport, on M a branch to Helena j a '^P'^^/'^^ VWs to New Orleans. The pro- river; and the line runmngfrom^|^^^^^^^^ ^^^ Want of a de'nse Jects are rapidly a^^^^^^^^^ Vor ?he execution of enterprise, population, and <^°"7^"?': ^__„„„t delavi the construction of roads in ^Vie"'^^^^^^^^ they wilLfollow close up tVanS an^r^bi^^ of the people of A^^^ to construct the, " TENNESSEE. ' ■^ 1 • • ifi^n 681904; if 1840, 829,210 J in lS5O,l,002,6i Populauon m If 0' ^^^'^f labitanls to square mile, 21.98. Area in square rndes, 45 600 Mnhab^^^^^^^ q^ .^^^^^^ The remarks by ^'^^^J^^ to SiCe of Tennessee. The early pr. i^ P"'r.W: srateTerretuaVunf^"-^^' ^M^ ^'^^-"^ ^t^' jects of this State ^ere equa j public mind wi ^"%rif it^^elit^ rs\me ett: to restore to tL peoplenf ^ S3ae^?S.their abi^ ^-^^^SiTttS? public &nd to a sense o^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ,^J , ^,,p,,, , comphshed. An ^^^'^'^'^^J ;.7.„_ •.„_„ and toward the construcUon wants of every portion of its tef"tory' ana it the State guaxanties » cr«lit to Ae amount o ^^^^^J^^^ for the purchase of iron aj^^ _^<15^P«^^;"]' Sy all other charges os"S Theroadis important, not onlvTr^l ^^""thern States. .ting link bet^i;en t;o ^^7 sy2mV?r^'^^^^' ^'^^ '^^ « con- 5rtliern and southern States. At ChlnL """"h-oad occupying the* d win tonnect with the railro1^3''otSf^^^^^^^ .^towards Cincinnati. LouisvilltL^^seS^ ^nVt^Eii^^^^ fecentrd portion of the State It cons^tS^Pf^ ^1 P^'g^Ss N Lication-Vith other roads, and suddiS S • u "^^^""^^ «^" conr- fconnexions; without which there would be'^o'!"^"^"^'^^^^ outlets '/ krrant their construction. It has been nr. ^?^".^ '"'^"^^ment b and Its affairs have been n^Sa^ed wff ''T^ ^^^ ^^g"'' and W not a little to raise the coSdenfe oFtt f w^^'^^ '^^' ^^ ^^^^^ Uto undertake and prosecursuc„^2furr^^^^^^^ Uoadi m East TmnLee.~.The Z^^ff^^ '^5''^'^°''? eptbrprises. • ^«ee has no geographical conSxfon w^th^r''" ""■ '^'^ "^^^^e of NraJroad projects iiak^ up no pan ol^^S "T ""^ '^^ ^late.: liinportant of these projects ie ?he F-^ 'p ^^°^"^ ^y^^^"^- The • lEMt Tennessee and Vi^inia^oads T ^f^^^r^ a«d Georgia, t State from north to s?uth. by a' iZ^f^^l ^""^ '"^^^'^^ the ' fcl5 miles lie within tlie Stat^Tf GeZl ' ^*' "^"^^' °*" h Wee and Geor^ m/w!S.» ^ • - ». and ,s completed to fpydono^r?'* road commences at . Ifs. It A progress'^ KCvillrr^^ ^ fr distance of 30 miles, maJdnffZ^i 1 ,°^^^^ terminus, a f This was one of thc^ e^^t trof thJ S ^1 °' f ^'"^ ^1» H«7»«« railroad, which bSritn ?"*'':""^^''^he title I'fof a laige sum. A few years since 71^^*''' '^^ expenditMre hces. and has been r^gjCmd ^.f."^^^ "f* \ I '.** '^3! i> p , 'il <♦, l/f . .. > escrited, and' extend n a nonh^.tJ"""''*'" ^"*^ *^ ^^^^'I ' Neline,adfetauce of 130 m£ X'^^- '^^^r *^ *^« ^>- ^ * miles. Here it will meet the f^N ', i j 7J — 7^^^ I '^^.i %■ 4 348 H. Poc. 136. \a.,' Contract tol>e ready fo^.^^^VELrTSnesIee and Virginfa road:could be opened. " The \^"« °^^J^, J^^'^e and wonld, in fact, hardly be ac , not be brought mto profitable "^e, ana ^^^^^ referred ul cessible -ithouVhe opemr^g or^^^^e^^^^^^^ .^ ^.^ ^^ ^^M l""^*^^'"rslooS IrgrS to this road for the purpose of I the sum ot $300,UUU ^ja^ fc j ■ believed *hat the work will f .; buUding several expensive ^r^^lg^^- ",;^ ^ jate. r be completed -thin three jearsj^-^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ I'^fflVcol^r "addit^^^^^^^^ agricultLl resources, itiJ portion of the country, ni ' " . ^ distance Irom mai- Lh in the most valuabk m nera^^ l,ts g^ ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^.^^A ket has proved a senous "Jf^.^^^ S must soon become oae of factoring, as well as an «S;i-;"/\";;: ^^^^Ij^^, considaratii^n from J The above roads ^^^""^^^/j f^' " "^ JX^ been already dj SluTrwiru'nlol oily J'c^Wed wi.h:Cha„an^^^ Irtbr^Tncb giving conexL xv.U. .he road. mter.cc,.„g a. 4, •"'^tie Tennessee and f ate„» ™..d j- -k oH^^^^^^^^^ :eh*Et„ Jer conuac. a.d well ^va„ce^^^.oward^ * dis're T£Ti> ™il- F:.o;n";;.isVinfI. U proposed.. J , So ui northerly, through Central Tennessee, by way ol &i«irt^, a raiirotui noriucii_y. It ^ . •, .u southern extension old ™Lr„s!i?w^rtra S.t.elr-a railroad he...] nt*erp'rr;:Xr'Sia.ing r^n NaJviUe is *^^^^^^^^ „„rU,wes£,r^Wl^-nd.^^^^ SX te"°» U refrded a. -nUal -he sy«^^ TV, and woum iuhumi mi wu^.^. ,„, .■ „ nf •y^, .., ...V,. Mi.,i.;ipni river The portu^n tVM ;^^,wardsNXille i. an expensive W andlliis lliOt mny, present, delay the conunencement of he work. ^,,^. Tlie internal improvement act "'vt^^'^aie co^^^^ struction of three roa^s f^^^^^;.!'":?. S em 1\mA sottthwesteKi direetbns— the iNa«hville and Southern, ^ i ii' Doc. 136, 349 7 \ o411 Sontliwestem, and the Nashville and \r«^ I- ' Lfirst-named has made the most prtXs it^^n , 'T^'* ^^^^^'^ the preparatory to placing it unde/cSc; V?" being u„der survey U; portion .f the. l^ew-OrleansSd Nashville l"^''* '? "^^^ ^^.1 J v^es one of the best ponions of the St-^t p .M . "^' ^^« ''»« tra- U„s for the work and its :Ponqtrirctiormt,v ,,!. '"^ 'm^Y abundant by feasonaWe doubt. 'wucuon may be regarded as beyond I The Nashville and SoufhwPQfpr» ^ i •„ khviUe to the hendMirilVsZ:T:l^ P^^^ably extend fn,m Idist^ce, this and the Nashville and «5«.,/u *°''^ Portion of the Lk line At the^Tenneiee rivt the 7^^ "lay be united in one iGncQon with the -Mobile and Ohio rn..l i T^ *"°^'* ^'^" /orm a tmphis and Charleston mad X metrnf^K'"""'^ ^^^«'/«h the kinuous bnes of railroad will be' fnrm,.,i • • ^f ^ conne^ons con- kiNW Orleans, and Mobile ' """'"«: Nashville ^ith Mn^ucted as a briuK^h ♦ 'j '»v ■ ' • ' . I ' ( f-f ^ if . . ■ ^ I 11 J 4 ,,.-« ,'iiilii-i :850 H. Doc. 186. KENTUCKY. - I id 4*1 SI • • i I I* iff 8^^> ■* 1 • • iQ^n r)87 917; in 1840,779,828; in 1860,982,405 Population in l^f ' f Jg'^t^ ^^itants to square mUe, 26.93. 1 Area in square miles, ^'f «^' ^"^^^.^ gj^ce, a system of improvemej This State c«^^5"^"^^,^;,'nLroTre^ering navigable he? principal founded piqcipally upon *« H^n ot rena b^ |^ ^ ^^ ^^ rivers-ttie Green, Lacking, and Ke^mcky^ ^^g B ^^ ^^^ ^ expended upon toe ^^'P^^^^^^^^^^^ ^f little yalue. TW are all privements on the jGre£ r ver, p^ovea ^^^^^ are^oncemedl Ti!' tireyeeteveTim^^^^^^^ ^^ of great advan J Railroads of Kentucky. the State is the lipe Irom Jj""''^'^? '°^ Lexington roads. TlJ Louisville and Frankfort and J^"^^ J? 4, i^d hiSto,,.a „adswereco„,„enc«latj^ea.ty[^^^^^^^ j country; apd it has oeen ""'^ , , ^ rj^ proiects shared the I they 4ve-.been ^"ecent^^ compkted^ 1 ^^^^^^ ^^^ of.aU the P^<>"^^' Jf ^:;"J^ny ;-ears afte^ they we comme« completion postponed *o^ ""^^^ V ^^^j ^lie cos)t about $2,500,1 The^length of these toad^ is ^ J J^^^'^^^^^^^^ to e^ The disastrous '•e*,^^''^^^ the Stat6. Discour, a most injurious f^^VTbeen s"^^^^^^^^ people became A by thefadures^^hhaa been su^st^ i^^pVovUent's, exc.pt so fa; indifferent to «F/"5' u"!:,^^ ro'kls was concerned, for the nuri UieconstrueUonofM^cadan^edroa^swas ^^^^^^^ ^^^ public mind of the Wes^^ --^ S ^^^ ^^^^^^ that the peppl^ of construction, it was .w"" ''VtV,f. imnortance of thesft wor1is,orin( tucky could be convinced ^^ ^f^^J^^n The losses ^u%, to ^^^^IJ^^^^XV^ anlFrrS rd Frankfct and Le.^ ttf^t^eSt mind;, and the g^;i2^■ #s ¥' ,wr '<■# i iff fe*''i w ^if D9& 1 be 4nade the trmtk of two J^I^Xhe State of Tenpessee, (Angth direct in a so^^^^^ly ,^^"VJ'f "In i^ rouVe,) to HuntsviUe, Alabama. towns of Sparta and Winchester m Jtsjom^'^ j^ ^„^ Charleston road where it wS form a .1«"S^«" ^^^^^^^^^ thence it will be extended to g^^^er^ana 8' ^^.^^ ^^^^^.^ railroad. / , r „ i ♦„ u tlip nrooosed road to be constructed The otU branch rofcrredt^'tSf eSn Tennessee, to taviUd through southeastern ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ that point. -^^ there to connect with the lines " always been recogilis«f' importance of this route, fo'^ a^ railro^^^ h^ al > ^^ ^^. ^^^ ^g ^. anfthat section now '^"der discu^s^n ^^^^ ^l' ^^^^. ^„^„^^ <,mnati and Chiuleston project which a^tract_ .^^^ ^^^^. through the southern and ^^f/^f/.^^^ report. Measures a^ has been referred to in another part ot this rep. ^^^^^ .progress to secure the "^««f J^f f, l"^'' s6a„ty population and. ^ay of itsirnmediale eonstrua on, ^^^'^ ^^^J^ P P.f ,Us M.b of m^aajfeehneot the .ute. Jhe^i J^ ..^.^pietion, mus. ever,^«^nnep n , ^^ ^^cessary to its success. curgJI^ll^toreign a .^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^.^.j j r^^m^ 1 1 oi r^rniprt 18 uow proDosed as a poxt of a ^ ^hougfi^^d as a of P^"J^J ; \l^^^ ? Sons pf the country. through-K eonnecmig ^^^ J^^^^^^^^^ ,1 Unes cenW at that p Lexington It will form » J""'^""" V„ .^^ Maysvjlle dnd Big & rrom its e-tern^tt^oZkt^'p^^^^^^ ^' railroad will cafry it torwam "'_i . y n -. railroad is m pi thelattcr place the 8^'^^° ^^"^^^J^^^^le JnSa^^^^^ V|ich pursues. ^^'^^^f'^J^^^^ -rction with the MiUsboro. <:QinectingKemuckyline,tiUittomsa jun^ former of whic' Cincinnati, and CincinnaU and ^^. ^J^J^Si^ore and Ohift to constitute the extensjoTi, westerty. o^e ^^^^^^^^^j^^f '^ the latter of the Pentisylvania Cenmd^. ^o^^ ^^^^^ Sandy river, the ^^J^^^^'^lTSTs oropsed to c former with the Yirgmia *^^™^ J \ ry^^ ^t this point, across the mountains, tenninatinj on the "'^'"j^^ ^ ,,,a combinations wiU secure to *^ J,^^Y^^^^^^^^^^ portant place in a great hne ^^ "^^^J J'^JI!^^^^^^ SitrSfw/uM f«^\"cV.e„t poruo^ of .W^^o.^ Just referred to. Measures ure m progress to n.,se tne - ^. 09C. 138. I ^^ «airfer it« construction, with ,»,^ i "" ! ^' (Wflfk, It wm prove t<) 4, nr^fr.P'^**'"'^® of success' Ac i , sion, southward, of the Wohalu ir*,7~-^"'^ '^ne a the Jeoir;!^!:' J«tween other ^acirrS'^ ^'^^ ™lroail. As a? „^^^^ ^'^*«^- Me Michigan wUritL'i" .'^>;i'«««rii}tion. tS^ J!' m^''^^- 'letter tteGulf of LxS in aTci^? «f If all the lines of rSroaSr^ "''*'^" ""^ cities of New Orleans anrTt';^^ '^'T''"^- BetweeS iT"^ ^'" abfyalways be by warof nS%''^' ^I"^^^ route of" tmvelllii? "^u^ theshortest. and r4st convS^i f' ^'^^f ''^^t^.'wilKppal'-'fc lor business or pleasu J -?* ?"^ agreeable to the rmv£fW^' ^ tie Wabash vaEey "^ h T"^'«« ^^'«1» the Seat In Z^^^^'^^"'^ Pleading co^S.- 3' ±f „ ^^ jj^^vantage oASrl^^^- kts,tnust^alwav"^r^'VlT!i1_^» the interfo. ^j- She'fu^ "^ r''^^ ar important tri .k„ Tr"l7- ^ ^ese wVille rdiht,ad as a thrSf'r"^'"'^ '"^portance to the S 7* ^ ^^'^ be e^^ded by any roan^^'"'"'^'^' ""^' ^""^ this respeert . ^" ^'?'^ JocaJ point of •4^v. the road ;!^l^"^'^"gtb in the Sed St.?." ^^r^^ ^ittraverses a re Jn .7^1 ! !"^P««'^nt, and its nr^.i^i^^! ^^"i^ ^f great ferJifiiy, 2id 1?. f^^fpects flatterir/g. «s productions: I' ^''''^^^ distfnguished fbx' m^, r^"" "• view me re las It traverses a remon of rrr,.^. r -•* I A roau is also m profrres^ rr«», T • .„ Utually be extenSed^ to F^^ ''1'" '" S?^^Jhyville, which mav parrodsburgtd Frankfort Ann/i -"^ '""''^'I '« also pronoirl ?^ fesville and Lexington Voad?!;.'' J^''">^'^d froi/ K 1 T fcvilleand Frankg^ra Wl T ^^°'«^town, to cc^nect tj?? J '^ Estate, but in tUe'^l^Z^!^"'^^ -"entln^l'^TnT; fcZ? r^' ""^» "^«r« ^ 4nt crn '''"^'^ "^ *^*^ road s psoon to beconle central pojn^ in wSii '"'"^^"nati and LouisviUp ho roads, extending to the ^^ ut^ ^''['"'^"^ ^"^ distinct Ivs ftf of Mexico on the otlier TlT i r' °" *^^ «ne hand, and VoTh icommerce require thir tK^ "^ P"''^^^ convenience 3 ?? ^''^ H ^tween^lVe'Srr^ Y'"'^^"'^^^^^^^ "S Ht^lyupon steamboas Th?Z^^'^"^' ^"^ K^ied aj! pt twelve hour ■■ . ■-if"" n • - 1 " \- ' .■!' ., ■■..-:#:• -ski. % , ' « i" 0'» '.'• ' " [-'' - ^ .i- * • • '■ ■ - i :"*;". ">.."• ■ <•'-: ■ - * \ t it#^. ■• ; <\ • I ^■ It 1^ j^^^ ^^i^ ^ ^^^ , ..\' :^:v. ; V}:.\\' . ",r' v.?-'~.- ' .■ ■Ki^v" - ' i'\ r u t ' \ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^ 1.0 I.I 11.25 £ u £ US 12.0 U 11.6 r A." ,A- f: ^Sdfflices Carporation € n WBT MAM STRHT * WnsnR,N.Y. I4SM (7t*)t73^90t- t*--. r ,-'*- «J %. 'V ^ V^ ''^" v\ ■^ ■-' i^r ^ <^ ** »\'^ k^ ■V *•- / ■ ■ - ^,'"- . ' . > - & i - : r « c; >4 • ' _ - , .> ' ■ir- ' ■^ ^ ••w - , 1 ■ "-•> . • 4 ^'■■' * ^ r ■ ~ ■•■. ^ ' ■■■ '-^: i- ■' .. ."■'. * — ._ . ■ '»'''"'" * ', ■ '"> iTil aSS^aTv 854 ft Dae 1^« y-. 't- • * I 1 11 • i,c.,„/itpr fliid direction ratherfroro the suppAscd thistrade,theytookUieirchara^teraBdd^recu furnishSthe advantage they >vere to ?«^";,Vn fmm thattothe countryUavorsed. As means for their construcuon, than fmmUmt torn ^^^ ^^^ ^^^ far as practicable, they ^^'i^^^V Jb &terior fo^ the purpose of their reach; but, with ^^j^Sife„V principle prev^ls- theVUng opening ovtleUjo a »!^^^^ ' ^htt the p^oject^is to secure the cheapest motive in such case is, so to shapej^^ P J j^ ^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^ be fully estimated only when ^fj .^/^.^^"i^^erior. As already stated, portion of our population f^^jf "8-^ \*J1^^^^ the grcatFoducW , S; have ^7 -^^:i States of neSssity enga^ ra^"£ultu'i^a«ngas^^^^^^^^ surplus to a market the gf '^^^ ^.^^X^ for a diversity his own hands could ^"PPb- ^^f, ''^^^ ^^e was too remote to availhim- of pursuits in ^f^'^l^^^^^r'^^cosi of tininsportation placedi self of those ot the ol'^^'^ ^^'"'^J' \C.„ad. and his surplus wa8,ther^| beyond his means to purchase from abroad, and n rp^^^ i fore, comparatively w-orthlesafteithe^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ inducements toj wants, 'thirty years »g«>? ;;^'' ^^^^^ the social and many^ the setUer, as Le was ^ WJ^^^VJ^g^^^^^^ but better setded «a ' the physical comtorts ^^^^^^"^VSety o^ industrial pursuits,, richer States of the East. Without v^eiy ^^^^ i^ ^^ ^^ without commerce, no ^'"^""^^KrtLn *tthe country therefore. or his means of enjoyment. Jb^ P^^;^^ f ^he Erie canal, by ^.W gave a navigable water hne f^om^iiew l^'\j^{^^^J^ within w^ fr600mUes,'and oo^ned J ^^^^f ^^^ ^fi^ ^Jl^^^^^^ of this great ^^t"J"^;,J^°iS commenced the con8tra(d States lying upon the hd^es «^?^«^iateiy ^.^^^ ^^^ of similar wor'ks to *^°^"^*^*Ji^ as thc-most appro! territory. At that period, canals ^^^^^ 8 f internal improvcn/ »me re«p«w, '•■"""■T:;»°:2^P"Cexiutt. wfct she origtaHjl b '2 1 H. Doc. 186. B6S ptaed, and the result has been to nlo^ u • " ^ aO her sister States in wealth S Fl ^ ■ immeasurably in advanrp nr IViBpidity of her pr^es CK" r"' '^"^^ geneL ^ros^Jf ^ a^few years «he ros? from^bsrurit^t "T'1 °'" '^' ^^oLtilT ^* jBterStetesm population, i„ weSth ^^ v ^"' ^^'^ «mong he? lod, at home and abroad. '^' '" "'"^^'t' «^d in consideration * CanaU of Ohio. Ohio canal. — This wort ^r^^ pleted in 1832. It exZmuf ''"'.T''"^^^' '» 1825, and w,« . lejrof the Scioto nearly to Columbus wh. . "\^'- '^ '^'^^'^^ the ^^^ sinking mto the vdle/of the Z!Sn ^" " ^^^« '^O eastern directTon Hehn,n. Newark, Cos^hoctt, Net'ffiSeff "^ ^'YT^^*^ ^^- ^"wnTof f^L ^'"'"'"^ .''^'^ «"">«« at.A^on ft^ "f; "^^ ^^^«i"on, in this Cuyahoga river, which it pursues to r? i f ' ""'^ ^he valley of the decanal at Akron is ^^ilTZ^'^^Zf"^- '^^' ^^hest^point t I TJT^ ^^^ ?r^'^d 973 aCe ^he Ii?;- '''''' ^^ i'ortsmouth^ This canal has sevpra I Kt^„ u ' «*™^«e ,be prin^-^r"^" "' "''"«'""e feeders, of which .he J ilie Loiumbus branch .Thic i . mm lr»nk southerly, ,o theWi „^- r '•"'"•^''' '=M™ding fro" he l^oe.., „d AU.^. „ ^/ -- 5-«h d.e eo™..^^^^^^^^ J*:ru.^1StS^»;i'"«J-^e „^^ eana, .„ .he .own of Wsi With the if««H««,«T«wv^J^\*^''^«« «f 14 miles, con- k^"", a distance ofT?? S 5?,T f"™"?"' '» Lake Erie, &" e«» «™ Hamilton, C^^ ?5ov'^'|?T'* '??"^ 1™4 b J'7,'^'¥'^''«»'™"™n^'Wif PPV- 1 '^*^ 1-^ ^^ H. Doc. 136. T^e foUowing table shows the length ,a!»d cost of the Ohio canaU constructed by the State: Length. Co«. , 1 u ^l.oa ' . . 340 $4,695,203 The Ohio canal and branches ^^ g^^^^g The Walhondine canal. . . - - - gjg 7,454,726 Tlie Miami canal and branches ^^ ^^^^^^ The Hockiiig Valley canal....- ^^ 1,627,318 The Muskingum improvement ... 827 miles. 16,359,995 . In addition to the above works, owned by the State of Ohio, are the IbUowing private ^orks:^ ^^^^^^gj^t Bolivar, on Uie The sandy and Bcavercanal.--itnsjorKt ^^^-.^^^ g^,,^^ Ohio canal, and extends to the Ohio river, ^^ "^ ^_^^ river, a distance ot about 76 f"'^^-^'^^^"'^; Pennsylvania. ,2.000,000 A poruon ^^ \\ ^ >J ^f^^^nees at Akron, pursuesthe The Mahmingcaml-ThiBct^^^o^^^ ^^^^^^^ oV Ravenna. left bank of the-Cuyahoga river «f ^^^^^^^^ ^o its conlluence Nvitl, thence into and along the ^^«) !> ?f a short^^^^^ from the State line. the Beaver canal, m ^'^""fy^^N'^^^^J'.VSs; and its cost something like The length of this canal is ffj^^^^^^^ „(• railroads in Ohio, and f 2,000,000. It was, before the ^«"^^"^^^^^^^^^ between Pittsburg aj.d «tiU is, an important channel Qfcommunu:at^^^^ htter city with , ^iVo/Tbest quality ^n ^b^ ^^f ^^^^^^^^^ sprungu^io In the vast number f '■?,';L7^^, P^rbing pubUc attentionJKab Vf" Stat: Cv^CntTntXaratt fn^-ificonce. & of the State have sun^ ""^ t r. ■. unexampled wbspentv.asi have, however, been the f'^^^'^^^^f^'^'^Z^.v and cbhiparatlvJ they supplied the demand o >;^ F^P^^ /^^ \^^^ P ,^,^ ^ immediate expediuous route to market. '^"^ ^^^^^^^^^^ «4«nt their arge f fource . ^^^^ P^«^^^^^^ "akble kinds of property, to be the earners of the more bulky ^^^^«« ^^^^ comparative iil and in this manner prove «f "^^^y'\*2,5from the canals a large porJ portance Although f^i^ "«^^^^^^^^^ a still lArge? tnulj E;noftheu:tra^c,theformerji^^^^^^^ 1^^ ^^^ ^^ in articles of merchandise, tor wnicni j- ji^provetnent, iJ .channels; so that the mterests f the tNVo sy^^'J' „^ The canall .tead of clashing, will be found to be »" ^^n^^ f/^^;^ Construction an] ^ly fall shbrt of water. / I " R nilro adt of Ohio. / •The Uroads of Oh» ™ay^',r' ^".SirJLSfsd 7 ^' Doc. 136. nwwment oftsae and 1817 «.u- i ' *^ 1. The Zi^,/. Mk^^i railroad r '^' ^^^ ,1S«5, was orimnaUv JnV? « ? •' 5^"'"menced in mty „ i kadistance of 84 nXT"'"^; . ^' ^-^'^nds from CimS """^ ^^" >«- $2,500,000. ""^««' «"c. 186. ^58 r ,o. tlie debU created have been . ^.'A. tbev occurred, except «> far ^ * J^^b^iities as they fell due. in wh ch they oc ^ .^^ „jade for P«^y7^lroad9 and canals, vdth ^^Klev'rsFut Bl-rt the p-^ess^^^^^^^ ,, ^^re dis- Ihesercv'T number oi y''_J"° . . .!.„:. ill success, and a few exceptions, tor ^^^^ disgusted, JiAth^i' ^ heartened, *"f ^^^i mdifferent to ^be su^^' «» J ^ fromtbe ^r ?SSS before tl^^^S^XfcrnUy every indi- ments. '^ ^^^^,, ^f the previous reverses, w jjeed, it required disastrous fff^^^^s ut „^^^^ had been ^".^^o^^'^^n this was accom- vidual m tbe comm^n^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^TThi^^uX a larger popubtion. years to replace he ^ a ^.^^^^„ , ^^l^X necessity of avenues, P'"^±dl^u^^^^^^^^ ^^^ -^PVtrcou^t^ -meto^bemoreand increased proa J wants ^of the couwry' ^ ^^^ .^ suitable to the '"^'^^"^/^^eet this ^^^"^""^I'^Se the ^ era in the more strongly felt. V ^^^.^ments ^«"f ^^"'^iJ^^and the new sv. n^rvT ouT ntern^ improvements. B^^th U^^^sed in the newly- Jl hid its peculiar charactensucs. The ^ P^^^^.^„„,,y, ^asin temhad Its p anucipated the wani ^^^ ^^^^ Uon. , They were ^ V''^'''^^'''' -^^ZJ^ and controlled 1 wants, the extcm • nhio at the nresenll "tS railroaas in r^J^.T'eTaCt ^"o^O »"»•, thf facet S pTmfnen. importance becan^™^; ^^^^ ^ ,y^ &nhe ditferent P?"'"™ ^„*.l^ to give a distinct »)eao» from east to west. Ihcse b follows: H- Doc. 136. ^^r-S^^-iinesr^ning./rorn north to south. 850 J|rKl.?,S5 «-^'. "'-^ "^l^^.on. ^a M^ m^ 2. Composed of the LhtJ. w • ^ W«jid«/«».^,railn,adf ^"""'' ^''^«'«*«" -"^ ^e«.a. and Chve^ 5. Composed of the Mn»,/: u -, « ^^ in pn^ss from Dayton'to'^S'^*^ ^"^''"^ '^"'^ ^^^^"«-«» rJaclt now 6. An additional Jine wilJ nrr,J 1 1 i the lower portion of it compoS of dia r — "'' -''"^^^^ '""•^h delay; ?^, and ^W fira«.A railrond I T^" °* '^." <^'^^''^««'^ ««i Sr ^liP^«™ a junction with he Oh.n ^'^^i;^'^^ '« ^^^^^nd this probably at Wooster. "'^ ^^"^ O'^'o a"cl Pennsylvania roads I It IS also probable thnt « -i i * Udfn,. Cfeveland to Zane ^i^lr" '^^^^^^^^ - «hort pe- U either at Marietta or Portsmomh iS ««"thward to the OU »th. The above roads Avould form txvnJrP "/ *^^ ^^'^^o to its fces. Efforts are also making to consnnfn/."^^ "°"^ «"J south ^Should they prove suceessibra port on nf ' ^T^^''' '^"^ ^«y- ^ be formed. "'' ^ Portion oi another through-line Through-Hnes running from cast ^uest. ■ Compos ed of the Stcuhmulll^ i^j ,- ' JJ^ through Ohio, and Jrhom PhH ^'", ^7"" "" ^""»'""ous line :=^^ ia. i^' 136. m [ f;'* ■' • '■- ■ general eharactenst.cs. ^ ^^ f^^^' ^^ s, ; and these so wdl .llus- iay be safely Pr^^^'Xtork o tb" c^^nmunity, and as mvcstinent.ot traic the value o s^^'^^nrr-mmt ot their objects, cost, and prospective capit^d, that a dctadec acco uu o^^ tn ^^^J ^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ xeienues, is "«l'^;*^^^''^ y\ J^ rfthe roads in operation, convey a sutE- ii;a;r^cTtfo.'';K**VoJec.s O.. compose.,...,. above described. „„t particularly connectechvitkl There are i««"y 7?'^=;;". ffi^i re.iuire a brief notice, viz : J the above lines the objec o^s^bic i \ ^^,, ^^ tJ Ohio and^Missmrirpi '^'^^.^ i^^,. the two great cities of ihcMij connexion of Cincinnat^j;"^ f ' ^^ Xmc? A glance at tbe .J sissippi Valley, by the ^ " ^est l>ja' , ^^^.^^^^^^ ^^^^^^,^ ^^ ^,,^ ^.^^^^^ ^ will sufficiently demon^tiate tUe v ^.^^ ^^^^ comniun^atd and travel t>f>tbc country. A U^ p ^^^^^^ ^j. ^^^^ ^Ino and M^ between these ^-'^'f^^^.^Tknown that the navigation ot these is j sippi rivers, and it is well ^^n^w . ^j pgndcd at certain sej 7ays seriously obstructed and ^ten ouUy^^^ P^^^ ^ ^^^ sorfs of the year, ^t bet, the rdutc ^^^^^^^^^ ,f , aistancej comfortable at all times, ^^^ ^^^^"^ ^^'i^^a. A direct line of railroJ watet is more than twice «f g^^^;^^^^- , tirst in importance among ( between thes^ great cities IS one ran u^^^^^^ ^ ^^^^^^ ,f,„J leading >vorkI It is ^^^^^£ shortest lines eincej must be thade connecting great 5-'"*-" -^^^..^gsarilv t^ds tr«ilfw« Ck whea,er of business or op^^^^^^^^^ another of ,he.o. ^^'^'^fJ^X^Xc^^imm is a necessary p- ttevery reader. I"S""8/^ T£'rilv,al80,i»conseqaemly a-j to route of every «av«»'="^- ,3 'ginK wstward .from tto H i^n^tbea^sTot.-^^^^^^^^^^ routes of travel. , ^ ^ hundred an^^ j^'^^^Jj H. Doc. 136. 861 «J the^. when comhmcT clnnot f^Un^^^^^^ f "" ^'''' ^'^^^ t'^ffic;. TTie whole ro„d is Z^rcomrJffTr ^ '^^'' "^'""^'^^ '"^^'^e- im the first of Janu "rf ISM '„.& '^''^'" ^^^'« y^^» ,u™ort of tl.e cities £• Crcinnalfid 1 ? heatty co-operation and It vriU be seen that these three roi J, .^^^'^'^^^^^^^ »" ^ Marietta roads. ncal line, of about nine &d t eT^xI^o^ T ?^"*' =^"^' 'y^^^'^- Ue Mi«.issi,)m river. '^'' extending from tide-water to J The Hamilton and Eaioti mm] o-..« i- ,. Lnd, Indiana, though a vaUmbtw^rt^^^^ *« ^i^h- Lccfiom the fact tlmt rcon^tS^^^^ "^ chief imnort- Lm^Bs, the IndianaCemra ^d the VL""^ "^ ''''"i %'""^^^^ ''"^« Ja of which connect witlT at rI L^f' Th' '"^ ^t"*''?" ^'^"^'^' lopcned for travel. The eonnectin^fn -Tnl " ' ^""'^ ^""^ J"''^ ''^^n tlli^nerlbr its entire Sfan^the^nr "^'"f » '"^^ i" P"'^ress-~ Iriw.atLogansport. ^ ' ^'''' ^"""^ ^^ ^'"^^ ^^ the Wabash L Western nxnd, aborhVteen n^s tS^^JrV^^ «" *l"^ I^'^yton Ler important poin/s in IndknT f7tl5 m ' ^^f^'^on.and numerous ^-entlv^^^ thosfof die eSrn Ce^ ""^^"^^^ ^^ Ohio, and, con> ^^t;te w^f^;Son^^rtfe Pof^ltlSZ^^^^ a new ri^C^7^',1**"*-'*i"" " ^ open a new outlet i«r tKo ^«„i c^i,i5^ fe Mahoning va^T fronf whicrri. V ?^^* ^^' ^^^ coairfitlds^T -■:.> ■■^ t!^ ' '" •J|^"• ■"• -*4 »-^ :'i « I, H' V4'«iv' " > <* / «, *■• J ' r v *• I I I ^ J' *'■'■' * - iJ ^^^i' I'l tl w I' 4 » ■ 4 r- llllll vm !-H ft. Doc. 186. J- .•«« thrnnah WaiTen to the Ohio State line, to be continued S Pet'flU W ™» Erie roaxl a. or near Olean. con^toO^g . new fc of commonM:a|pn bemeen the railroads of Ohio and tho« ot the East. •' INDIANA. Population in 1830, 343.031; in 1840,685,866; in 1850 988,416. AreaKuarc miles, 33,809 ; inhabitants to square mi e, 29^3. The Se of Indiana, in emulation of the example of her sister States commenced, in 1836, the construction of an elaborate- system of Biaies, couiiui^iiv.^ , .„u;,.u ..comoaratively small portion only haj internal improvement, otwb^ ^^^ J^.^ been accomphs^ed J^^^^i^^^^J^nVwabash and Erif, the Central, ICe WhitlVaSeTrre Haute and Eel River, and a canal Iro™ Fort Wa^-ne to Michigan City. The raihoads proposed to be con. 8tr?ctrd by tHe State, were the Madison and rndianapohs, and the "^tr^^a'iSlwe'canal is the most important of the wksof . nublL imprvement undertaken in the State. It commences at the Swo StaThne, and extends to EvansvUle, on the Ohio river, a distance ot^hree hundred and seventy-nine miles, and four hundred and saty. seven miks from-Toledo, on LakeErie. When completed it will form one of Ae longest lines of canal in the world. From Toledo to Fort Wavne it has^a depth of four feet, and a width of smy. Below his poiTit is only thfee feet deep and forty-five wide. Its locks ad jt Cs of a capacity of about sixty tons. It is to be opened for traffic throueh its whole length in the ensuing spring. , . ,, ,■ I Thfs work was completed by tire State as far as Lafayette, a di. tanceofTwo hundred and thirty miles from Toledo, and two hundredl S fortv-nhie from the Ohio. When the State became, from jhe emJ Wra^sment of its affairs, unequal to its farther construction a cond.J tbnaT^eetnent was made with the bondholders of the State for;^ SiSHhc latter reserving the right to resume the work, upon the mvmentof the sum which the bondholders had agreed to receive SS to the cost of completing it. It is believed that the canal wJ ^n pass hito the hands if the State, by the ultimate payment of t Xk of heTdebt. Although the construction of the canal was cue o Ae causes of the financial embarrassments of the State, the Wkha Soved one of Ae efficient means by which she has recovered f^omh^ Snd reached the high posiuon she now holds as a leading State in tj confeScy. As far as excellence of soil is concerned, no State p« Ssses su^^rior resources. The canal opened an outlet for her prote rdlvTher the use of means, which up to its opening lay domm frlThe dSculty and cost of reaching a market. The rapid increa — M^ rts^ It H liant^willillustr^ Shfh Satf iTn^^ort^tion. The exports of this arti^e M Wabash valley, from^nsignificance rose to '"J^'^'J^ «/^^^^^^^^^^ very feW years after the opening ot the canal ; and Toledo^ Us termmi on LakV Erie; is now the chief port of export lor this article. | K#..Pil»^ H. Doc. 186. JiaithatU in Indiana. 86S ^±.t?th?irci^^^^^^ of public Jan end for a time to all enteS, of th^ tTn I k T'"''^"^ Tprivate character. Some S were ^e-^^^^^ i^resulting from the ^afeTpaTslLXSl^^sy'lln'd A'^ thepubLc mmd to recovw- from th*. ri.oo^. ^."^ ?';""« to allow LveSw sustained. As in OhTlaose of S?^^^ ^f the , «K,re enlarged capacity trZenntend «nH '^'^"S'*^g^^«t«'- ""ean?. nitnde. better%lefine^ obV^ts Jn^a tlffic npTr'' T^' ^^ '"'^S" Lrt of extensive lines of Lprovemen? Th. T,^''"^ ^""^ »h '"JP" Uwas, in fact, in advaSX condi^^hn,^ '^ T^*"'"^ ^^ '^« l.«.ticipAted a state of thbgswhtn?d'r;S^ '"'^""- "' the new movement, which Ims resulted ^n! r ?. ^"'"''"""S h,ve/otfe,«.rf and riot ««^«a]SL £^^^ only such enterprises ns were sanctioned hv, J i^ ""^^ ^^}'^'' "P Ueir necessity, Ind which could c^n^Tand l^' .'''"''' ^'"'^"""^ "^ Uess. Thi result has Sen unSv f™'Ki '"Tu' '^'"^"'"^ Indiana, which but two orthree ye^s^si™^^ ^T ^^ Ulitwl within her limits, noTtakcsTankwi.h f^A^ ^ '"•^,^*^ "^ Sates, and is soon to be bird or fourth" nX evT ^""l-'l^ '^'^'■°,^ Her credit and rr^eans have advanced wrthm^pL^ r'n Le of the new States, she akeady occuoies a nrnmlnen? ' v """^^ I ike confederacy. ^ occupies a promment posiUon m There is no State in the Union that preseots so symmetrical a s^^. Itfm of railroads as Indiana. Nearlv ill h^r n^.. » »ji"i"Lmcai a sys- Uaphical cemro and capital „7L^'t7Sv'Z'"''^"''^^ Im^aem which must promote to a creat dem-^; .k^" '. "; itS""'^'''.!.' r«" 'o be thelTntrffc 17 '™31,^' Ipdtant roads, viz: the Jeffersonville, SladLson inrl TnA^o^ r^ V E"Se H ' . '"'Trt Cent;^; BTefinSSul'^a?^^^ O "n P"""^^' ?^,'* .*^'^ ^^'^ Albany and Salem roads All thS tee Slar"&; f^^ -^n^^^^ directions.To1h; b^ound:^^ CSe eastern%f„^« . lu V-^ •" ^^'^ ^^'^^ ^'"«« of railroad running hZ^:!"- interests of the peoplYfl? StSror^rtS^ Jelltof SSnV'"'"'. '"•'^" '¥ ^^^^ t^^i^ appropriate and T ■ **'^*"®' Producuve and weU-setUed terriiorv for l^^ol t^.. occupy important routes for through-buret a" ?mvf? T.^ ebetwepn TnHInno^i;- i V^- ^.'*^^'^^."C\ception 6f the Npw Albany and Salem, all the above : roads having the same g<>neral dircction^nniy be said t.. be comjjj^ ■ ments of cuch other. The Central and the lerre Haute roi.ds coiiit,- , tute, in a business and commercial point of view, owe line ; so ^-ithtlie Lawrenceburg and LataAl^tte, /and the JeflersonviUe and Peru. 1„ this manner, a system of riiilroads will be found adapted to promote the hiehe^tcood of idl the members to it, and to develop to the ^.tniost the wealth and resources of the f^tate, and atthe same timrJutedtob(^| . come a portion of a still widervsystem embracing the whole country. The system jfee have descrilied occupies an area in the- central -pop tions of the State about one hundred and fifty miles square. Inlengtl. of line and relative importance there, isgreat umlormity in the vanoui : .roads that compose it. They all .R;cupy favorable routes; arc all caU cuh.ted to bcnotit each other; and will be rivals for the si.me trade in a slight degree only. The northern jmd southern portions of the Male will also be well supplied with railroad accommodations. In the southira portion, the most imiMirtant road in progress is the Ohio :wid MissL^ iippi. which traverses it from ea^t to west. 1 his work has already bed sufficiently noticed under " the railroads of Ohio ' 1 he southNW cornel- k the State is Irraversed by tliQ.Evansville and Ilhnoisroad which i^ ift'eady completed to Princeton,. and is m progress to Tern Haute When this last jxtrnt is reached, a connexion will be foniie( with the Central system, which will be bfought into communication wil^ Evansville, the most important and ilourishing. town upon the lowd Ohio, and also with a raiVad now in progress leading tram Henderi son, upon the opposite bank of the river, in Kentucky, to Nashvillj Tennessee, in order to connect with the roads terminating in that citjl The New Albany and Salem road is an important Avork lor southeii Indiana. At or npar Orleans it will form a connexion with the Ohi and Mississippi railroad, and will thus constitute 5 convenient and dl rect route between the cities of New Albany, Louisville, and bt.Loiul Tliis road wiU also supply irailroad accommodations to an extensive an^ important, but comwiratively isolated portion ot western Indiana. 1 We^ortfiera pTt^ The Sltttej it wiU T)erlbria^ stitt^^ office in opening, and that shortly, a communicaUon between the eel tral and northern portions of Indiana and the city of Clucago. Ihe iil of this road extends from New Albany to Michigan City^ (with a brand to Indiaiiapolis) and thence tp Chicago, making its entire length abol three hundred and fifteen miles. A part of this line wUl be comp^ A' H/Doc. ise. oftl»Cfa\«rfordsvilleand W«K„-i. . " ' .' o6S I -.4ft important work in^h^^'northp,^- / • l;«iitheni road, and which wJ 11 K^- P^*^ "^ ^^le State h thn iw.^- Ld, of which it fornfia part iC'"'^ ^"'^ '^«.« ^n S^ufi?"^ Ik as tl^ unite the mostTutherl^'^ ^^" '««^"*^on.stitmellfr " P,two imiKfrtnnt pormsTZ^ P^"'«"f ?'"L%s Krie ^^^^ Ptry. "^^ great irkro;:4%«X°'*h^^ terAr.^ opposeXi, ihZerftble Lr?''"^'"iS^ ^^^^'"iles from Westward of he hnes from the nnA^l o '^'^"*^'' ^^ ^ I'irect extPno; Uwardly, to avoid LaI%S:i" ^^^^ • 1:» •^-''« «- dXc "5 Merof^ouds in reference tiSe^Ert'^^ - '^" *^^^ ^^''* a We l«li^gthe southern shoresofthesHakerr' ""T-^^^^nily, a hne con N "nportance, not only to the Irnv.l i"""^ ^'"^ »" be a work of thi" U«s business and rUennes? 5w"' 7'"'"^^^l«^ the coum^" U regarded bj the Public, is undoSll/T"^ ^"'^ ^^'""^^ thisS 77r«- , The rJorthern IndStfj /'"*-' "^ P^ to {he^C te celebrated for its fertihty, wh ch " 7 '"'^^'^''^^^^ ^ portion of the -ias through traffic. ^' "''^'^ ^^" secure to it a /arse local T» [Among the proposed roads nrnhnM ,u * My line, fhich is to eSfe ^.^Jf ^^ im^^^ ,.3 ,,^ fcolIDmois. A glance ^t the aec"rl ?" ^'""' ^-" *he l^^^ lendea of ^he value of 4* „ work »'!?« "^"P ^'^ S^^vey^ [bir to the commerce and travel of [h ^''^ '"^"''^te r4tiQ^ 5 &n It will be seen tt JtoI 'd^lX^^' ^'^'^" "/^^ «ttem^ei' lfeEne,foraU the. country IviW t^fw ^^.'""st sal ent point nn P already become a pZe^^^^'^J^T'"' «"d southwest of i^ r»;h canal, „nd must^aJway ffa if™!'^""^*'*' .'>y '"eans of the ■ iol business and travel. A line of rli W, 1"^ P^'"' '"" the routes [Louis would coincide for a lon^ .f."^ ''°"'^^'«'ng Toledo am? m river. The valley of ^hili, '^•^^'; "^'^ ^''^ course onh« Ned with large andVou^i "rw^s w^^'T^"' ^^ ««"-tL y! He to he canal, and are the d%Ts of Tral ^1 ^"^ ^^'«t««e^e fj- fi" this manner an ample bu.?nL l^'^^^o'' the surroundimr |lUe support or a firsti'rS? "" '^^^^'^^^'uly devel? ;Vhr^4^S rrom Fort-Waynet ^ibad.w&ch'^ha^tV^^^^^^^^^ . ♦ >^ ^• 4 1^ ::.^*^ '■',-^' ■ ■ "M,- • •■; f * It V r,J p m> H. Doc. 186./ ^^ 1 -D u:.«r.rA imei. which will be extended af the great Philadelphia and Batoore ^ne Jl^ Z the e^astern ternunus of the fo^er^ ^S^encing It Richmond, 0. . An important ^«?f/^^"XS Western, and HftWJlton andEatoa western terminus ot th«Y^y'^"j,i,gsh river, at L<«W^ roads, and extendmg to Jj ' ^^^^^^ ,^ Chicago. As a through-route, intended ultimately t«^<;«yy ^SV^d Chiclgo- LocaUy, it may be its object is to'connect CmunndU a b ^^^ and producuve TegarU as a Cincmna i road penetmt^^^^^^ fromllichmond to the Wa- section of the State. It is mae ^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^ ^,^^ ^^^^^ ^^^ bash, by Vay of ^^^^^f^^^; "direct and convenient outlet to its great • versed, it wil constitute a NCiy ^^ ^^ command, to a greatex- market, Cinannati; J^"d it is ^? ^ to the north of .its hue The route tent, the traffic ot ^be temtory^iyin^^ ^^^^ consUtute the shortest route| •nroposed by tins roati, . Uween Cincinnati and Chicago. ^^^^ ^^^ JeffersmiviUe roa^ - It is also proi^sed to ^^"^^'^'^^^^^^d extending as far north ^Im commencing at or near Columbus^^^^^^ ^^^ Bellefontaane road.aa^ tlie eastern termmus of the ^J^^"^^ g^gi^^ jg favored by the city ( probably to. Fort Wayne. J.h;^.^f ^^^ans of connecting herself m louisviile, Kentucky, ^^/^^^fSfJgh Ohio, and of securing a ™^ • :?:ri"fto3 :nd r^X'hSiUerwise would be drawn.cl dnnati. ^^^y probably run through Muncl J - The branch to Fort NV a\ ne v, i connexion would be fold the Bellefontaine road, ^"^^XnZhs. The route for such a roadlJ . between Fort Wjnea^^^^^^^^^ rrSiLThe^^irsf™^^^ Therearese^ The above are the leading P^^^^^^Xch may be named the She j others of minor consequence, arnon^^^^^ y^^^^^ ^^^ ^^1 ^Ltd^tfrSci^n^^^^^^^^^ ^ laCHlGAK. • ,a,n (Territorv,! 31,639; in 1840, 212,26' J roaturedandcommencedaneteboraKsy have beoij ?y means of railroads »"* f ^ ^^inced. Of the gre«lj g-'cneraUy m a -wj»fcern «* around the southcfn shore w J ected southward »^d 0":"^^^^^^ ^f jj^e being 282 mJd Michigan to Chicago, the whole leng two or three wL completed to ^ake Michg a^^^^^^ • ^^ .> H. Doc. 136. S6T a loBg and expensive detour by wav nf m , ^ eajtowest, and having proved of JreatS^ in travelling from ^bmxiess public. This road wS rn^ '""''"f **^ *^« ti^velC JfaA^an, under whose auspices abomioT'^T"^^^ by the State of of It were constructed. The Rt^JlT ^ .""'^^^ ^^ the eastern norf.V.^ qoence.of the injudicious mtag^en'^^^^^^^^^ I ^^P"7^ ^«^P^.ny in the latter^art of m^ru''' '^ '""^d ^vas soM Unstniction was immediately resumeH n^ ' ^^ ^^om the work of Ur to .te termination, at Chicaiost' ^.^ P^^^ecuted with ^eat veiy productive. Its imporranfe as « "' ^o^^pletion it has prS I the East and the West winT^ f -^ S^^^^ throudiJink hit,? Lg^at Western ratld of cS'^ whTl.'^^ ^ irufcf thecommgyear When thatVoad shkjt 7'" ^ "^'"P^^^^ during Iconneiion with the above roads will hf A^ T^^'^^ ^ direct route if lea^emStates to Chicago, Te LTt eL^°'^''^ '^ ''^^'^^ from Ihe ■trade and travel. "" ^^^^ ^^^^tral point of the noi^tarpLJZ * 2. Michigan Sotakan railroad J i^. \^ r. ^^stem Juthem was formerly a State work, ami ^sIST' '°^^' '^'^ ^^^^igan 6mJes from Monroe, its eastern term^n"' n""' T""^ ^« Adritn (ate, as farther progress was abandoned ^K.; ?" *^^ ^^""^^ «*" the H the Indiana Northern road, Wn rlcZT^ '^ ^T', '" connexion heistance between the termin is^Js ^T^^^ extended to Chicago, jjdtocanr.this road through the i„t^^''.-*' T^ ^^ginally fn- mo; but tills plan was abandoned Tv fh? ''"' ^^ ^''""^'^^^ to New " sr running about aso- affiles TnMI% ^^ P/"^"^"' company, uj - olndi^ia, and on this portion cons^ruotpT' '^^ ^'"^ ^^« defleS J that State. This ro^ is also n!^ "^ ."""^^^^ ^ charter granted M will be shortly 7onneSS"r'^r'' Toledo, oif^e UconHdentlp.^^^^^^ of Ohio; sMk fcooMline of railroad will exist from N^w v '^"""'''7 next aeon- « of nearly 1,000 miles Thl iS?- u^^ ^°^^ to Chicago, a di^ ^•nay-Lth be ^ded as K^n^'^'" ^"*'"^ and^Uaia' n? ua fact one line.ThoU retX^ '° T ;"^^^^«»' ^^ as ^are very favorable. In L h-fnT T""^^ ^""^ business, its »! prosecuted with energf aLd suTctl "'^"'""^ ^^anagers, t > ortts hne coincide. withth?«„X I ^^' '^ *« general di- r- « is difficult to find a more [^i'^T *^f- ^^^^^ Erie a^ 8 since Its opening fuUy LtifiTfh ''"P*^'"fant I'ne of road, ha » ^ whom iS^extfnsioJCs itVS^y. ""^ 5^^^'^^* ^^ ^^ e local trade both of the C^Fv.^^ executed. ;7le belt of fenne. wel£SS ?nd ^'".t™ "'^^^ ^ -PPlied i alone would yield suffici^nV ^ ^'^''^^ produfctive couSti?^ g-traffio. BothVinTeSt forE'nn?"'^ independent Tf Itbugh-routes from Boston and tTT"^ P^''^^ ot^independ- p-Uely Identified With in^^^nT^oIS^J^'^;^^^^^^^^ R^r/o'Tg".^^^^^^^^^^ is an important pro- [««^o^ Of the latter, -hier^a^^etid-^a ^^S o^^^^ 'J^. .f/>. '•.'JiliJ-. •If ■■Ift^ i-H ?:■,' ■J : i. 1 ■ ,- ' J *■ •* it r##ii ''■•VI I ^ \ i ■ ■.■ ''1 ''1 m J' I fffl •^iifi « 1188 fl. Doc, 136. •KU This work is indispensable to the proper de- year are inaccessible, i Yl^^„rces of that great region. Its route Upment of the -st m-j^ ^^i^^^^^^^^ SigenciL Thelineof is thfe best that could be adopted ^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^ construction will be the road is under purvey , and^^sD ^^,^^^^ ^^.^^ akeady devel- Ipin^TtWrte;^^^^^^ to furnish a considerable traffic. , „nd will undoubtedly in a few years becoih A road is also propo^^'^' ^""^-Tto Toledo, with a view to enable the structed, extending tromlJetroK ^ connexion with the lines crreat Western railroad of Canada lo of the United States. ILLINOIS. ,~^*c ;„ i«lO 476,183; in 1850,851,470. Population in If 0' \X InhabSnt; to s^uar^ mile, 15.36. Area\n square "^^\^' ,^f 't^^iaV^^J^^^^^ the histories of the Stat." There is a remarkable ^ij^^^^"'^^" jj. respective systems of intcria of Indiana and Illinois, so lar a ^^^-^^ were commenced aboi^ improvements f ^' ^^^^^^^^^.^ i^nvolved in similar financial eo. the same period; >f J^f ^^^^^oned the prosecution of the.r respecUv , barrassments; ^"^ both abandon i ^^^.^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ ' works-most of which have ^e^J/™ .^^^^^^^ exists between the t^ .passed into P^^^^,^'^"^! '. ^27"^^^^ being a much newer Sta.^ fahnois labored under the d^s^l^^^^;^^ requiring a longer Umel possessing smaller «f ^"^'^£"''2" in ler first efforts she imitatJ iecover from her J^'barms^m^^ A. .^ ^^^^^^.^„ ^^^^^^ the examples o ^^lo and India^^^^^ ^^.^^ ^^^ ^^ ^ j ^elr footsteps, in ^^f ^P'^f^^^ 'fhis canal is almost the only impio The lllimuarul A^J^**^""^^"?* the vast debt she has incurred fort .nent which lU-o- has to^^^^^^^^ of her bond-holderM public works. It has Pf s^ed mio t ^^ ^^ j^m Ea^'been completed by ^^;'-J^„,"i."^rextend7 from Chicago toPJ work, the Wa>ash and Erie c^«'j . j ■ ^ ,vas commenced ax'the head of navigation on the Illinois r ^^^^ ^^.^^^ ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^ 1836, and completed in 184S. u ^^^ ^^ j^ j The locks have a capacity ^^^^J ^^ove Lake Michigan. miles, and ^^^^"^^f^^^l Erectly from the lake; but as ihismvolj :^r;4"e"^nditure ^f™ abandoned .^ ^^ ^,.^, ,„, J ^ The canal was oftened in tUe tall ot i« , .^^ ^ ione a successful business. Like he W aoa ^^ .^ j tincides with the usual route oc^^^^^^^ „ possible to conceive ^."^°^«X^[ie'^^^^^ of the Mississippi at! S^cts the lakes with ^^J "av ^able wa^^^^^^ ^^> nearest ai^proach to ekch mher. IRtwc ^^^.^^ penetrates northern regions, and t»J j"j; '^'^,,^,1 ^ ey constitute a mtural roj if. Doc. 13^. aei .■*'■ ' * fe '.:•-;-■:> ■ ^' ' TOilillgtosecurealaroEDortim „r.i. "^ fcfc^a Erie fa„al*™„'Sf:Ll*:„P'^"<='» "'^ ^ """hwe,. to canal first supplietl. THp *.«,„* r • """^t ior them. Thia t J,^ ni • • , "sitrrtL'ek !^T ' '^ "^^ ^^^^^«">^^ UiTT?.^^ "^f ^'^ ^^'Chicag^Ti^f the Pli" '^'^ J"[P"^« « has given irectjon of the products of Illinois an 1 n^I,"»^ " ''«« effected S S ' ket, and of merchandise imn^Jtl i • , "^"*^'' ^vestern Starp« !i W«ei^ts capacity eSTKutnes: T\"^^'--^ --t^^^ Uonit, and were the Uhnois and mS i?'"^ ^"^ «««" be thro^^^i lot the year, there can be no doubt thatfhFP' "fv.gable at all seas^ Igr^ a large portion of the trade of A. ""^"^^ ^""^^ ^e able t^ en «f Lake Mich^n and north of thfohforj"^?^^^^ and soutwtst ls,itispreDarmg the way for a Seat Iv^'' •^''''^"" "^^--s- ^ it Kf ""^ ^^ "^'^'^^r" route. ThSrni 7'"°" -"^ '^^' ^ade to the y soon come to its aid. and suppTyX "°T '"^^^^^^ «v>gat.on m the western rivers. ^^'^ *''° ^^mt of an uninterrupted ^^^road, in lUinois. i The system of improvement« firo* ^d and thirty-fix co" t m^^^^^^ ^y the State in eighteen ft traversmg everyr Portion of the Sm/^ ^%P ""'"ber of S ^these wer« the Ulino/s Central tht S^^' ^^^ '"ore import^f m, the Quincy and DanvSe the a .?'^''"^7"^^ ^"^ sKn^! uDtCannel and Alton, and the P- •^^^'^^^^d Terfe Haute X kenditure of large sCs u^ these lin^^..^^''^^^ n>ads. If^r kned, and the improvemems made h- '^ '''^'' "^ ultimate]? Ms of private companies JVn rlJ^ ^."^^^ mostly fallen infn Vj^I fen opened. «irh ™s^.te°„ri,:"rf "^^ ^-«o-^^^^^ mJle nulTOiuJ, extending from. s„ri„l.T ''"'' '" "■« Quincv »n5 pestateof Ilhnoisisonenf ti,oi ^ H Wabash. Thenort1ier^oart„f>%«'^ernborS^^^ h*" T^r *W"v i?n. which s accessible k!! ^l- °^*°<' "State is ^ffaAM^^r i '• ' *^ f ' '*' ^ -? J 'T |tbeoefi»n IT °'® by ships of thrpn »,., J , ^'^^y Aiftko i • ^''vV* "( \4ii *- 4 vj t.t .: . « ■/ •■ 1 ■"-Tg f .!«•,# f\ ■M : . > I* in i ' 0JQ ^ k. Doc. 186. • .. • H«n' Allthesewater-oourses afford convenient outlets for the '^''Krof her ^^il! S contribute incalculably to her prosperity. products oi ner sou, ««" UannmP nnd must always remain, the ^ The city o/ Cbc'jgc. has^ow ^--. -^J Jhich the W emporium of ^f ,°^^^^; ^^ it of the lines m progress are xoad system «f ^^^^^'.^'^^eSnce ■ to this point. All running in a constructed with express feierenc i ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ northerly -tTattafbe Taid ^^^ traversing the northern *^'? Vt J StaS aSterly and westerly direction. The principal porUonoUhebtateinanedbJ jy Mississippi raikoad, runmns Sceptionsto this ^/^^^^^jf 5,^^^^^^^ anclVlton railroad, and from Cmcinnau to St. Louis, tne ler ^^ Lafayette, in Indi- '^^ PTh^ \;tlf JrubXbe otheS constructe^d in dfc fonion! ofthrslate, having no direct reference to Chicago; but such l^Ze referred to as are ^^^X^^J^o^^,,^ to south, wiUbed ' 'fhegreathne, traversing he b^^^^^^ ^ j^^ ^^^^^. Blinoi^entral raihoad. J^"JJ°^'^.^^^u ^^^^^ projects of a simili 1837, but was soon ^bandoned^wUh a 1 o^^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^ character. It commences at Ca^ro, at tne^^ ^^ Mi^ppi mers^ one branch run'ning 3 for about 120 miles, ^y^^^ r^ , g^^^ i,y vvay of Peru, on tl| the extreme northwest l^'.f^^^J^^^^ to Cliicago. iT Illinois river; and the otper ^^ f" Jreater extent of line than anyotk vrhole length ^'^\^%7^,!^,^teT'The construction pf this Joad chartered line in tlie Umted States- 1 he co . secured by recent °^""^^„^"'oo%00 acres most of which lie u J)n t nxent, which amount to 2,500.000 acre^m^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ .^ ^ immediate Ime of the >;°«f- ^ ^K'^^'^n constructed, wiU constituij years from the present time; ?"«^ ™^ ^^^h to south, whichM Irand central avenue through the^^^ Si the end become the tr^n^ oi m y b certainty of The process ^^^ ^^ J^ J^eTfrn^^^^^ the pubUc sentiU early completion, has g^ven ^& ^^ymerous lines are in progJ the State in favor of similar projects, nu r , or projected i^Sy^a^^modation^^^^^^ ,„uiJ vast amount ot railroad accoiumuu f .^ eauallv conspi taSing the above route ^ "f'f ''? "f V^^^^ pMsessing ..ch r^". errs: er,„^d rr;.»t„se .x .nd „„* j Bockrord,adi.u«. tt. Doc. 136. j^. •vnththe Illinois Central roo^i i ,. , ' *''* Ca^ 1^9 miles wV^llt^^^.^t ^^^ ^-ard to ofthe most successful and productive ?vnrif' 7u" '"'^^^ ^as been one Swes. It was not embraced in h? onvt ?^ '^^ ^^"^ ^'^ the United tkState; and affords a striking iuttS^^^^^^ rnarked out by droad projects to the known wants o^k^-*''^ "^'^^^"^ of adapting I rW ^^"l^^jPate such wan^bv [l.P "'''' ''''^^' '^'^^ of at? I fcundod on doubtful contingencies ^ ''^" construction of a systel J The easterly portion of tJ,« i v ^ "* rmd« one of wlJich. the St cfieT branS.'™' ^'^^^^•""^ "^ "^^o other Ltb the Galena and Chicago road in " v- '''"?-^^ ^""^ «« JunctS Mississippi nver, at Albany ;\ndthPn.V, u^ ''"'"'^^'t course, to the is under contract to Gafesbu^g. SL northerf ^""^^ '''^^'^' ^^^'ich andOquawka railroad,) a distanrP nf T ^^ P"'"* «« the Peoria will be carried stiU ibrther n . « 1 """^ ^^^ "^'^^s- Thirroad hy me^s of the Centrd Afihta^r^^reraS t^r" ^<^ Q""-y' limds,abom^progress of constructln Th. ^^ '' ^^«rther^CroS ICdesburg, by the above road, is about 320 .^f^"^^ *'''"' Qufi)^^ Idistance between Chicago and On r?.. ? ""^^''' "^'"^king the entire Ijood thattlie Michigan CenTrd 2S wm"' ?' T'^^^' ^^ ^ -^S! liast named Lne. '"'"^"'^^t will extend efficient aid to the ■ The Galena and Chicago railrmd h jcein orpmoting the gro^wth of the Z "^TJ ^ ^^'^ decided influ- ' vfr^ «;.^/ghty mit?4kiw trs ^rr"' ^^ ««"k j-5. The first division to Peru willT . "f^ ^^"S:th of line 180 r°?^°«t' and the whole in season Lib. '"P^"'^?. ^^ ^^^^ A'-^t of fc^^r^'P^^^^^'^n important w J? T'^' ^^'T'' ofms. fH of navigation onti^ji\^^^:/'''''l^onnect6hicogo^^iai Wnse travel and tradTmus? .L ^^'•' ^"'^^^" ^hiclfpoinS Htage of striking the MissisS • ^^' ^-^'*- ^^ has the ^eat N^withthesoufhern slrrjr^rjP?" '^^'^^^e parlllTfr bfP^'^^^^'-H^dg'ngthatrver £w%f A T^ ^'<^'^'g^. and at N 18 yeiy nearly in the same nm-ST ?k A^t'^onj s Falls. Rock "Jtoward the Rocky mountain? Th" ^''f ^^^«f«"". running west- t&vorable.anditwiUundSdlvh^^''*^^ ^"^ '^"rves of this rS kes^ trade and travelt^^^^^^^^^ purrSn-n^i^cot^^^ l^r^ a«i Oy«ai,ia ra5S!lTh. n Tr^^ °^"« position ' •**»^ssissippf river opposite Buri^^^TJ^,^^^^' commenc- ml town in Iowa, and runnini . d^ "' ^^"^ ^'^S^st and most Jdistauce between the tZ S "£ k^^*^"«' «" the Illinois nVer 91$ H} Doc. 186. m m xnent and construction at no djs^nt J^y^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^ NortAem Cro.. -«f 2^;-^;i\SrMi 'issippi m^^^^ extending to the rrCaXtX^near S;iC^^^ anf runnin^ough Naples, Indiana btate ""f,"^^.„':'^mu: ':„ one of the projects embraced mthe Springfield, and P^^^^^ur. This |^s one oi i j ^^^^^^^^ . State system ot 1"??^°^^""^'*^''/;^ ^Ik^e. The ^ork executed by work was done than "C'^^^nj^^g^'a^^^^ the State has smce P^f ^^;">^;^^^^ Springfiild, the capital of which the poruon f Je ^ "« ^^^^^^f^^^^ g^own as the Spring- S^JlnTSe"ed^o:i X^^^^^ .^^^ ^^^4 field and J>lereaosia J^ ' j minog ig also an progress, by the above ^^^^ fr^^^grin^eld eastward, the work of construe- another company. J^°"^P^°j. prom Decatur, two branches will tion IS also about to be resumea. ,p g^yt ^d the otherl probably be constructed, one ^'^^^W^^^^^^^^ u may be stated, that the wesicn^^ uivio railroads now m progress tM tends from Alton t« ^P;"^f^^"^^^^^^^ business. It fonm " 72 miles. It h^ .^^"'.I'^^'m^^^ of the State to the Mi« appropriate -f j^^'oXue-^ """"' "' '''^^P sippi river. Its loc^ ^"^^2;^ of raSroad from Chicago to Alton s ff'raSttd'S.venient rente of ttavelbemeen U>m, SS Ml to rave it tank among our leading works, notfailtogrreii™ g^. j^ ^^^^ jj bavinga? iJ^^iu^ of this road to the general ^sten. of the eoiiiiBJ- A D(Jc. 136. ■■■• »;..'!« if. •f . 1. . ■■ . ' -—*«■. 879 ato .there exists a vast comteTe and SveS^'^'i' ^"1^^^ ^*^^^' tbOTW none in the country offerLhl. ^' ^ through-route, ttfic. It IS regarded ^vith^e^r bv l^'Tr^^^ "^ ^ ^"^^rative no dodbt that Its stock wiUll p'lJ ^y ^^^, P"l*l'c, and there can be 1T« whole line will be pilrt^Sln^^i '^ ^^«^^- -pSrs! ^J^nt'i^^t^^SZ-t^^^^^ '""" ''^^ ^°°^^^^' 2. and Will suppl, .be u'sual^^nro^^aSc^rw^Lt^ . 1'f^ Haute and Alton railroad ^Thl, (direction and object with the ohp ?n.f J^^ ^^T^l ^^^ ^^^^ same general Ljects in its conitruction is to pr^moifeV'^' ""fu"'" '^' ^-^ing l*^rT '"'■™'^"^- I^ t'-^verS^fa ttl !"? "^^"^ ^^ty of Alton! Itonof the State, and is sufficientl7rp,n /""^ '^''" cultivated por- Atlanucto command a large ?Sladr"?^,f«"; ^^e, Mississippi Ld Londer contract for completion wiSn fl.ri ''"i^ ^'"^ '^^ this road M portions of it are5n pro^'^ '^''^^ ^'^^ ^""^ this time, and I 1 he proposed road from Tpr" fi' -.an important link to connectThSs'''nf'r'?^'^^' '' ^^" ^^ «««". kno.8 and with the Northern CrSs roads M^ ^'''^ '^' ^^"^^^ -place this road under conti^ ^.r^^^^^J^^ ^^^^o^T^I^^ Carmel. on the Dlinois river. 7the State. These improvement?!! ^ "^.^^'^ ^'"« ^as graded ^te company, by whfcrthTro^d Jm C' "*? '^! ^andf of a nd to Alton, a distance of Xout^wnni ''V^^'^i ^om Mount MISSOURI. h- « b- fd., .hi VZi'» Sate I "''f' ', ""= ""^''W "f fefortheirneiglibors, aad ^1^10 Z """^ become thoroigh- 1 ■■ ^■^■ n I I il u. «« ,> t ••iS'feiSuv m H. Doc. l^- f- >» •,- K^^ *i.„ latter- t>ip loans not to become available mer. and «1.|00,POO to the latter. ^^^^ ^^ until each company sV«i«i^ "f^ °^^^^^^^^^ subscriptions should be andthen^nrSfestasequa^po^^nso^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^P^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ paid up and expended. When e^^^^^^^ Sie Sute for its bonds to an equal gmount, as secupty ior ^^'"^"^^^^^ ^he State aid will pro- roadVall the property ^^^^^e XP^fJ^^^^^, „f both roads. Although bablf l>e increased to "^^f ^^£V m^^^^^^^ in the construcUon of the local considerations are%e P^'^y X^^uirnate extension to th« above roads, ^be l^gors Id^ to^^^^^^^ somcvvhat widely Pacific ocean. AltUdfeh thenr eastem ter ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^ separated, they ^PP^f ^^f.?^ ' f,; ^[^e; f pfo onged in their general ^vouldineet beyond the f^^^v \rTS' a eat impo^^^^^ Theyv^m, directions. A%l«-^.,^"^th ^^r emigri and when, completed, add ^^.^^J^J^^L ion.r and tedious journey on Toot pioneer, by materially ^^uang the l^on an ^^^ ^^^.j ^rritory. LmtheMissrssrppr^^^^ ^^aT C of raUroS lying to the cast, th^ In connexion with the P'^^"^' y^ o^tinent, frbrtl one ocean to ihel would form a pait of ^]:'}^^;XesmZtis so much gained towari other. Every mile we ^dva"^« ;\^^^^^"^e the crowning achievemenj the accomplishment of a Y«'^^^/"'""f,,^4 enterprise will soon havea7 of modern energy J"^^ ^^^^ ^ '^rtion thlt must devolve upon ti, complished so much, as to 1«^^^^ "^^/'' f fe. . if private companie general government a ^^^^P^^^^^^^^^ "g ^Te thanWf of thisU ^ith the^^ unaided means can ^^^^^^f ^^.gnUude, as to intimida. certainly what '^e^"^" ^^^ "^.^^ of a grelt na^on. the collective energies and PPj^f/^J^ construction of the above road Rapid progress is now making m lh«^«"«ni„„. . and there can be no doubt f \^!^^ ^P/J^'J p^eiL railroad, its easte In addition to the origmal object ot the ^ extending to tS portion will probably be ma^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ State, wfichS mineral districts of the «of •;';^'^!,;" P . These great resources st^ extremely rich m ^™"' 1^^^' ^^^^K a suitable outlet, which remain undeveloped, ^o"^,^^^ J,"""' ""^re now in progress for its c above road will create; and "lea^^J thfs brnch a rSrtion of am struction. It is «!.«« P^f^ C^u^n the\vest s^e of the Miss line from St. Louis t^^;;X ^[ ^^^^", ^"^ attention, and though ll Ss d'ott r Kr^^Tc'S^^^ the eventual reah.Uoa this project can hardly be doubted. WISCONSIN. 1 • • iftAO /Territorv',) 30,945; in 1850, 305,191. "^e State of Wisconsin, tl^«"S^ ' ^a iSidarE^alS inhabitants, is already »;^P-;£-^,^l MawauWe and Mississippi portion of which is m "P^'^^^^"'", ^.^Iwaukie, the leading toi« ^ad. This line of '^""d.*^^™™""?^ air^^^^^ r»nning through the State, aiid extends m a ^^^^^'^T ^^^^^^^ aistance of about capital to the Mississippi, at Prairie dui^men, a i •V^i^ Hi Doc. 186. 37* wcoomienced rA 1850, and owes its bSnd nr ™'"^- ^"'"'""- ^« «rS "^f ^''^•^'^^ ^^^ the city of Mi^^vauWe i?U !r"''"" '" ^'^^ ^n- ,^ yet projected, running from Lake M^h.-Ji '^'"^ ""^'^ northerly jjmtage o(o^erin^ the cheapest outSfSIaJl'S '""''''''"'?^ ^^^»^ ^« ud west of Its terminus on fh^ Mial- • ■ ■ *"^ ^'""ntry y ng north ieautiful region of co"unt", ti^b^^rSKr' '' ^^---t most iucrauve road, as it occupiS a Wab e^ol 7' n ^"^^^^^lul and tf low cost. It is distinguished bv bein^ ?T: "^"^ T " ^"^ «>nstructed' period in the history of a St-ifo tL ^ constructed at a much earlier Sa wonderful Tllustratiro 'tte ^ITt^' 7'H ^ '' ^ country, that m the short space of tJ^^ ^""^^^ "^ »''« Western ^claimed and brought int?S. . v ^^"" ^ wilderness has been kivingandprx,sper?uspeon^^^^^^ ^^^^ fiH^'d wi?h a jbaxl^f labo^ an'd in pS ^l, ofCdZnT' f ^'r. eontri:^:;.: Ults of modern science and ski?l and of w) ' T''''^"^' advantages, the LpMmities have not as yet ava led themS '"^'^"y "c^'^'" and older Uon moves westward. i^caS with ^.1^%- ^' '^"^ ^^^« «*' ^^ fees of the eastern States: so that vl distuiguishing charac- U of western setUement waUouf beSr''" "^''^ ''^""'^ *" ^^e veiy Uinthe natural features ofThecountrv^ ''"'"""' ''^ '^"^^ ^'^^^^^ Another miportant line proierteH in Air' • • riRodRivlTvaUeyraiCrevln^- T"''^ '' the Fond du Lac fi^ebago in a southWeX ;^^^^^^ ?^ond du Lac, on Lake ntheasterly course to Chicago ThLn/V^'^b '^^^"^"^ '* takes a IJmiles, It is in course o^cokstrucUr^^oTe^"'^ ^^^"^ 'hne, near Fond du Lac. will so^n hi in ^^^^' ''"^ ^ P««ion of Mt isin contemplation to StenZ hrl k?T'°"- ^ rom Fond du ^iperior. for ?vhich a Sable ro^e ;f the western extremity of »oriWould even now be of m utl^^^^^^^ -^'^ '^ ^^'^t. This ix- »t of fertile country lying .Sst „f t&i" ,^T^ '^F^ss to the vast attractive field for emigrlmsf and „t^ff >^^' ^'^'^h is becoming «1 line by a grant. itTSSiat^ln?^'^ ^^"^^'^ ^^^«^ this pr^ iaroad>^ti^atei;7e found inSf T,^""^? '^^ *^^ ^««^t. Ne portion of the MinnesmaSri^oV^^ ^^^''•n'' *^^ settlement of foment from the gen^Sl ^vSWT ^7;^^^ P"'^"'^'^ ^^^^^^^ 'n«d, from which it will derive W™.^^' .^"^ °^ the objects of «"«. over the State of Ael^i^^^^^ >"« ^" ^^e dis- ^ "-into Lake Winnebago. WorS Je'L^°^' "?"" the >i>.er8 low vessels naviga& Lake Frt t ' V^S^^'^' ^^ich will t canal, which ff S Jj' "1?.!!!l^. ^.'«^-"«in and Fifti. ty oTtl -? canal, which OS„^' Z'^iT^ ^>^°"«'n «»d J^vem ptjogtheriverT'SyfefeLcer^^^ "^^-^ capacity TfS ■•"!«» approach eich oXr v^l T^V^ ^" ^« «een that ^ o mues, and the separauon consisting only of a V ,*u' If r~ #?'! m'-'i SRI i'**' 9T6 B. Doc. 1S6; l':CoiS„Swr.C*le°*p:Lsage of «eaa,bo«. fro. Jwk.; •"rrS'KoTroposed from Dubuque on the MU,i„ippi rive,, T 1 MV>,:Ln nassinff tbrouch the southern tier of counties in the tttit^'^tf^oS:^^^^^^^^ the town of Janesville a point fro. wWch it would be carried forward, by roads m progress, to the torn. of Chicago and Milwankie. IOWA. 'Population in 1840, (Territory.) 43,112^ ^^Jf^' 1/2,^14. Am Jn snuare miles, 60,914 ; inhabitants to square mile, d.77. ZSroad has ^t been commenced in Iowa, though several com- j>oraurociuii jr constr^ctlon. It will be recoM ESS thir som teTyei's Snce, the State had only about 6^^ Sonk I has m,w probably about 300,000, most of whom are setllrf S tCnighborhood of navigable rivers ; arid on this aecoun thea. cessi^ of railroads has not been so much felt as it would othemud wTen As Iowa is one of the most fertile States of the^^ed r^kihg among the first in extent and >tural resources : and as tkJ fi^fecf ofTiil is well adapted to the\heap and expeditious col sSa^Sn ofraSroads, and.the^ State is filling "P -f ^^^- ^H with an enterprising and vigorous people, we cannot expect that.slH ^^Wbebehind^ersisfer States in the cons^uction of works « ^portalt to the V^^^^y Z' ^::^:i IT nta are the U. lea^^rtiiffiriftoiou^^^^^^^^ ?rssrn?.^ef Sd Heliev^ed to be the best point for the passage of he M™ river, and Council Bluffs for that of the Missouri. These tacts slio^ '^XXirfTrDX4td''J£o.uk line is .^^^^^ in the Mississippi river, and to avoid the rapids, v-hich are a M« '"^'^:^nZ"^r^n^ . the Mtesou* tV-'-Tne^TS ^Wr as the Rock Island and Council Bluffs road. No one ot i^ aWprVected^^^^^ has been, commenced, though measu for the purpose are m progress. ■ RAILROADS IN THE BRITISH PROVINCES. As the provincial raUroads are to be intimately connected wiA thd — of^SS^S^es. a brief nouce otth^JOPner wJlM^«^ *^ I'^'Jkilroads only have been constructed in the British proline for thtwHSt^hLe works were not particularly^qu-d^n S the movement of property ;; the -mjous rivej . lak^, , a^l supplying cheap and convenient m&Im for this purpose, i "ts i« ^ H Doc. iSd. 3^ j MAdenents of New Brunswick and Nova Rr.\i^ ) diatt borders of navigable tide-water Th. n ^V^."P°" *''« '^me- tofhicb the population of Canada is ^onfihL^'"'''^^'^^' ""^ "''aWe land fa# by dae lakes and the st^l^^l^tT^T^ '°^ ''' ^»^^« ooiines described will continue to be thenrfn^ . T^^ ^'^'''"^ ^ater- ofcoramerce, even afteK the construction o&'P^T ^^^""6^3 and routes Tteroads in progress and co^i^^Sa^ed^^^^^^^^ ac with one or two exceptions, beS£ cnn,tl? ^f ,P^«y»nce8, therefore, hjmenger traffic. They ^e fortirT"' '^'^^^ ^"^ ^ ^^e^ ' LVlines correspond to muTeg oZlh; ^"'^r^'; ^" '^^ ^^^^ that lm»eI.aDd,wUch\he roads thSelvSm,^^- '^^^T P^««es a hirge Of the ro«is. under consideSn T. ''"'^^^^^^y increase. ^ Wis the St. Lawrence anSwicP^ ^" «'""« re- IBaiyhne of the United Spates ^flf'^^^^^'-r.^^^^^ * frhentt connects with the Atlantic and 9. t'^ ""^ "'^"^ ^^^ miles, ■igto Pottland. This woi^was brieflv H ^^TT^ '^^'""^^^ ^^'^^d- d» in fcState of Maine. X S«l T"^""^ ?" ^^^ "'^t^'^^ «f the :u the Canadas were concerS^d S^f ^ •^''* '" "^ construction, as etnuteof Montreal, and in this mkn^r t "^ T"" I ^?"ter outlet for in^lian canals, by which unKrnavt.^ ? "^^ ^"^'"^^^^ °f ^^e secured to the city. These works have^ r '°™ • '^' "PP"'' ^'^^^ bitalue their highest usefulness or fn in /r' ^ uv*^^" ^^^^Pt, failed Wof an avenue to the AtIanti;^'l;J"'H^y P"''^'^ expectation, for tsLLawrence. The na^jS ofl^ t' V'" throU the Gul^ k a considerable portion of the vear .hi'i .""''"^"''^ being closed- Utote held till sVringr before t^ev;.n? ^^^^ ^«^^»Pts of produce hansing from this delay/Srtin'Th. r"' V "''''^^^' The ^^ insurance, &c., andthe-dTch^Jf ,V '''•^'"^"^ ^^ ^^ehousing, ten ruinous to the holder, have tend^i^ ?""" f-'^^ ^/^P^^' ^hicl »«Is, to resti-ict the tds inej of d7, r /"'" '>' ^^^^ '"^o other l^at rival, the Erie canal. T^ rem. J'' .^'- """^ ^° ''^"^^^ Hipted «)mmunie'ation at all ti^Sty nn ^ u^ ^^- ?""""^"^ ^ fegreat object of this proposed ro^Thl T'^?*"^^ tide-water, is MraworksiinilariiicLacter^ndnTi^? "^^ ""^ "° *^«"bt that Ije^dts anticipated from the canals ''' '' """"^''^^ *° «^^"^ •that no doubt IS ekeitaiS^r!^ '' "^ ^. ^'^^^ «f ^"eh forward- K Quebec in the Se reSonlhl^r'^ ^?'^^^ *« Pl«<^^ the KnceandlfBantiarSLd. and a?^ '"^*^"^^ to the St. W these cities by a continuoisrdll?? ^^"^ V'^e "with the latter. nof Quebec in the winter seaini^ T' -, ^'"""^ ^^^ isolated po^ t commerce, .^^^^^Ta S ?'' '^^^ ^'^ P^«^« ^ g^eat benS^ N community. S enttf IW .^^"l"^"^^ to the travelling and KSi^XmiCS^^^^^ is the KSt Lawrence, and of LaSonJ ' ^''"^T'"^ ^^^ immediate bank h the great iute of eomm^reeTVh ^^'' 'f^^ ^°"^^ ^" P^" Hof travel, and in the xSn. *^^ Canadas, is require/by ' . ana m the wmter season would be the channl ,<»^, ■^ Al*, ^■i-il.i;^^ A ^^ _* Sii\ ^1^ H. Doc. IW. , , . -!« Tt miiftt at all seasons of the year command a Ixktir ^ I J«r|e trade. J^^ 'nu«t at au s^ ^.^ ^^ ^^.^ . uve uJir fr^j^ *; J^::rw come co be consiclered indispensabfeJ would pa88. 1 ''^^;f'° „ .„ , ' a ia to receive such aid from the, j-oven- rnt^ rwTsel^ i-^r4 eorsiuction. It is to be placed ... one of the most ^I^P^^^^^^^^XLr, opposite Deceit, a disua ara Falls, by way of H^^milt^"' [^ J, n traverses ^ country, the fer- of two hundred a..dtweye,^^^^^^^ not ex^e^^.d by an^ portio J tility and P'^«;l'^^l\^^'^"^fs^\,7^''its chief public aW^^^ of Canada or t^e Un^^l>«tes m en P^ ^^ ^^^^^ j 1 •^TheBuffiflo'and Brantford railroad^ projected for the purp(«eo ilie **"«*^^ *!^;| , A^ of tb^untry traversed by the gna w esierii, .iiiu w It . ^.^'Ln tVip eastern and western btates. Bill Srol^Xtr^iSrretnUnd aironl,. probably, 4.1. Zrofnery:vt;le'r^iSg^^Uo„of.heo^ route oi "^-^ly^'-?/. hichlv important that egress should be h '^!^L^:h'^r^^rl rZ^ mjrogrcss, »d wO. b,« ^^tlTSlTtt5r.eYdrGoa«lch o„lU to wwlifwSpXbly- be eaended sooa ate reaching B^ Tte Torontolid Lake Huron roa^""""" Lake On.al| ^ •E?!?"'^'. riT^^ffiV A t>or.K>n of «hi3 line is opeKjl A^KHferSL from Toronto u> Guelph ; te as 44 ■■"JSfSlti^ecUngirontteal ^ith those-jf New Wk and' -^DHH.. are suffieienUy noticed mtb thpJBLkjM^SlSa • LOWEK PROVINCES. European ard North Amarus rai/r^.-Under thisji^Wj^^n ^ the pr^sed^ad extending from Bangor, Maine, and HaWai, i ■■^ mn. v,\ K.. ECONOMICAL V ;%■■ ' A ff. , Doc. 18«. 9- V-, " ".,I/OC. 186. -W y ^^ ISo^ a distance of about JBve Iiiinrl«.,i -i ^ UeffectecJ by its constructi;^ ^ totonsuS^, ^^^ ^VT^^ "biect ofwvel between America qnd Euroi^. tS • .''P'^^°^^*'«reatline to Halifax .8 equal to Qne-tbirdpf the enUrpHLi"?'' from New York ll^wooU and as the PW^-D^oXursuL hi ''*' '""""^ ^'^'^ ^«™«r to \y^ the routQ of the iwSsjiamW i ? u ^''"'"^ g^n^ral direction Lit k believed VlESflRr ''JT'"''^ ^«"^'» regularly at Hajf peby railway..y3^3"^ ^^ ^^e route to fiSro J^would b^ rafoslSP«mhinth(3m,andsecurrZl? • "''""^^nt resources ^S^n population, commerce, andCalth ''tk ^T'^i^- '^'^^^^ monV the above road is already unXr ^\' ^^ Ne^ Brunswick i.entlKngIish contractors, and the work ," '"^ "^ '^'''"P'^"^ ^^ in process to the same end arf J .? Pli^gress. Measures are conned. .The greater part"of L bne%fc;S";; \^°^^^'-«i«n S _jes a region inuch more /ertile, and nLr^^'' both pmyjnces tra- epordon of, ouX eastern SthteTfrom w^ch it kV*!""-^^^^^ ?"«^'^«'-^- oht?ble business will be secured hotl^tn^h "^ ^'«^yed a large and Jifax and St. JohrK , * ' ' ^° ^''^ ™ad and to th^ cities oT I A project for a railrdjid from Halifiv t^ r\ u be gulf and river St. Lawrence has ll^'^l"^^' '^"^''S the shores L. throughout the provinces as ^^jf as T^^ T'^^t^ """^^ ^«^"- Y7 be regarded as abandonoS A uoSTA^''' '^^ P'^'^^^^ tkbne may be constructed down the S?^? ^^e northern end [j^ut one Imndred miles below Quebec t^^'^'^^ '^ « distance W a branch from the European and Vn'rth a ^-^ P^^posed to ex- >Gulf of St. Lawrence to BaCst A "/'"T"" "^'""'^^ ^^^g Udrews to Woodstock, on the rf^r St John '' u'"" '" -P^^^^^ ^^^ P W. a particular description fs n^^t re^u^^ '"" ''"^°^^^« .^Ifrrd'^^^^^^^^^ as far as their kofthe ^cialandindustrialcwS oToi'^'V"'".^'* un^rstand- Btopographical features of the^ounTr^th^.W^^'-*^^- «««g"^Phical Itbe great mass of our people. mdS'^ "niformity in the pursuits Iconsuming fro^ the pW^^ing rerionf^"^^ ^''''^"^ ^^"' ^amtes fetart^i^t^^^^^^^^ P«--.f our territo^eastof " [devoted^to agriculture whrrlot^^orr "i^ ^' ^'^' 1'060.0(S hu/acturii and commet7c Ws^'T' "^ ^"^^^^^ ^J fqf temtoiy lying upon the seacoast L.S "! r*""P°^ * ""row Km part of M«£ne, Ja ^^ T nJ^'^^ l'*^ ^"^ Baltimore to f^ng regions than ^^^ Sd n^."^'^ ^^ ^ Igreatpeculiantythat distinanSSo Portion of the cou&tty. ' hheen longenough seTSd for thrSev^n**"' ^^f °" *«"i««r7 ■ r-< • "^''"* °o «nurely are our people. J 1 " U * ,.. ... :WT' J . --:o„if«r.. nna SO uniformly distributed are they over the H Tlic followin Sl"tarcTw no- .o«ns in 1860 con.aan,ng a popuk,.o„ of o,„ ■ ^ ^^, 10,000. nnrquits of the great mass of our peo- H f*^ A^m i j'::lr^r:^^^^%^^^^^^ producing and 000.2; ■ :^oJr,. Fw3 i thiv are^popularly termed, necessarily imphes the exprna-l S of ;h?S«rpn&ucts of each. The western farmer has no home turn ot me surplus uiu« surplus of all his neighbors 13 demand for ^^!7%^L^^^^^^^ the district in ^hich he the same '\^'^; J^^^§ZXd a consumer; and the producer fora ^ ^:Z\:oiCrtol^rC all the various articles that enter into sumlar reason is o u .^ ^ ^j^es not immediately supply ; and rrerasThrma^^kerfrour agSultural products lie either upon d e^rer^e verge of the country, or in Europe, the greater P'^^ f °»J. <^<^Uv,iue at market mTstic co.^merce involves a through movement oi nearly aU the arfcfeK^^^ from i " of which it is composed. _- ^nvprnpnt as will he tlwH^-^*' -^ In older countries this necessnty of distant movenient, as will l>eth« ^ in oiaer i-uuiu.i o , . 1 "L .j^g existence of a great vanety oM":""" "' case m this, m \^™^' ^^^f'^?^^^^^^^^ directly to each clasBj-f -d- nrriinations in the same aistnci, wuiou ^"ii'j j ^■M..ao d< Upon tne avera{,e j considered as a suflScieiitl^:-?; °° 16 cents per «" Pf.,'?'^^^^^ Estimating at.the sametii»"f do correct estimate tor the wnoie couimv o Vf 7,1 rents m^P"™ do Sxe value of wheat at SI 50 P^^, ^ushel and co^^^^^^ ^^ ear^A road as an avenue to market. riilroads at thcraB?"''" do . But we find that we can move propertyYnra.lroad^^^^ ^ LMtivelv. AtthelimitofthecconomioiJmoTementoribeKarM™ • ^ae^c—highway,by.heu»eof railroads w^^^^^^ «i4 60 and com $22 27 per ton, which sums r«»f*™™'!;. ", ,»..4,... j„ . Jicnurimal increase 'of value created byUie .n,erpos,non "f '«.j..;:;::^;;; a work. ^P-™) do.. • ■•••<'o do.. •jo do.. '•jq g ..^.. ,.do^, •*> do.. •'f do.. "•.....do.. !»iu j.'*iti.J <,> I . 'Mi Doc. ltd over tfie ordinary road. ^ fransportatum by railroad^ Transportation by rail- road. Value at market 1 10 miles from market J20..(lo .do |30.,do ..do |4fl.,do .do m.Ao do. .. |60..do do p..do ^ido |8ll..do. — ..do .do. . . . . .do .do do |l>..do do \ O.-do do Oo do l^-.do do. •do do . K..do......do. .do do ■•ll'. >!■ Im mi i.J^ (.4 V k r 1 ^ <•* ,1 H. Doc. 18ft. The value of lands is affected by raUroads in the safiie raUo as thek I ine vaiue m «"«* navigable water-course, or jproduct,. For ^nstance, lands ^y^S "P^ ^^ ^.J^h, for the culture of ^\'^'roO trtX^erage crop^S e^stimated at 22 bushels to the wheat, $100 Let ^^^ averag f ^^.^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^.^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ rl8•,;falls^hrne?pr^^^^^ This quantity of wheat (two-thirds of *1° per acie as LUC. m „ ^^ {• j^q ^^jj^g p^^ mile.orl rfThfchlST^ »l" «> - .he net Profi. of Unfu^rJ tral'SlS«^n..ro t'lC a*^u„" a?;rg *e J^t^ actual creauouMi _ calculation may, of course, be applied witi^ *'„Kr; Jy Xr and and species if proper^. , TJe 'L J equal loice lu ai j • • , entirely correct in itself, but of couisJ given ^^^^^^.tfiX^Pet the facts of each case. Vast bodies J i1'fiV;st'ran"fnteUrersfa;s,a^^^^^^^ Sible wate^^^^^^ are unsaleable, and nearly, if not quit« valuelesl fr he culture of wheat or corn for exportaUon, from the cosLof traj lor ine cuiiuic ui ^netanrea far exceeds the estimate m tt ™,taoo„ v,h.ch m manj ci cTm"™-, products are often fedo«L w5«fm,d converted into higher valufs which wiU bear tra^J ave stocK, %, so that there is mucnreat^rnriKir ''''', ""'"^^ extraordinarjr te wiU be exceeded. Cnofre?cLTbv; "^ '^'"' /^" ^^^^« ^^^ left to estimate in his matter In fh; Z '^'^^T'i ^^^'' ^^ ^« ^tts, T^hat is conjecture" nreiard to th. ""^ 'J'"" ^'^^^ °^ ^f«««a- «ne a matter of history. xKuation of T. «^'"'' ^^^^ ^'^'^ her •to I860, from $29dfoOO,000 to So oJo 0^0^? ^'"^ "?' ^^^ ^ia rek^eZfoX f lanltvTid ^/^ ""^T« ^^^ -^"-^ »donotbyanymeaM mvp tL ? to agriculture; but such „ An acre ofTrS^TlaTc^aTZ^?^^' 'f^^^''^^^^" °f ^^^ 1 annual inccaje. aS ac?e of ^i^nf ^ '^ ^ ^"^^ *° 3^*^^ only a M^. An acre of coal or iron lands, onthe other hid, • .'- ^ vj*;: ■'■;: # **■ *,; ■It iM'h ;'j ^, i #i< ' fit. '♦W' r-f.- - "1' *• ■ \0 ki- ■mr St'j"** :.4 mi % h *^ " .11 m\ S84 H. D«c. I3il. J e^^A mnrc in value than the former. These „^y produce a ^^^^^if^XXrw^^^^ a railroad. WiA on, deposites may ^f J^^'^^Yain U worth one, two, three, or four dollars, every ton of ore hey con^'}^ ^^^.^ ^he coal-fields of Pennsylva. as the case may ^e- Jf^^^^nt ^y from them, in all the agencies nia. The ^^1"^ ^^ 'Hr^ ffKnd^l calculation. Upon thTs arti- it is called upon to P« fo"^' 3^^^^^^^ and our govemmentand cle are based our J!^"^^^^""^^^^^^^^^^ in their various relations and merchant «teamshms, represcn^^^^^ ^^. ^^^^^^^^ without coal ramifications, equal to thousana^ oi ^^^^^ ^^^^ a it is impossible ^oc^^''^:,^:oSdA-ye been from ou? present as a people.^o entire yditterm^^^^ manufacturing, nor, conse- condition. Neither oycornmer^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^J quently , our agricultural i^^er^'^^'^^^Ji^e Yet all this result has beeJ iver to their P-^f ^^^-^'T and cSs^n Pennsylvania, which hav3 achieved by a few railroads and canal«;"^^^^^ y^^^ ^ not costover $50,000,000. >Vt ^^^ ^j^^^^^ ^j^^^ , into thftjjr York ""^'^^tnvaUable either fer ordinary fuel or as i could nlKve been made '^-^^t.le ^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ J.^^ ^^ ruXimKt: relultrhte^U effecteMh^^^^^^^ ^rmer .e co. Sly lost sight of in the^^^^^^^^^ J What IS true of ^^e Pennsyivan ^.g^^^^ ^f Alabamftmayl others to a greater or less extent- Lnec ^ ^^ ^ made to bear the same relat on to th^ Gu» ^^^^^^ Pehnsylvania to f factmres l^l^^.^^^.^'Jii^ol;^^ become the s^t of abater a ^^:£^^ a:;l;it and magnitude to the eoal-fid| that slope toward the gulf. INCOME OF OUR RAILROADS. sidered is the income of *ese works. .^ ^^ach they eid As both the income of our roads and Jhe mnuen ^ . in increasing values, must b«ar a close re^^^^ to e^ H that have already been estabhshed n '^fe^^'^^^/^^^^. The vd^ '^t;.:^:^n'Z^"^^^'y^^^' a very large .^j "^SJtroother country in the wld -here jm^'lti? labor produces an equal ^^^^f freight f^J^'J ^ ^^^ ~ O t WTea iHH t i6, t ha t the gre nt '^' ^^f "Xe ^^^ngsgng^Afe^ j character, of very low compaxaUvev^uej^^^on B^j^gh^ products of the soil and ^^''^f'.^^^X^lr^n wJat are at F'f Soods, labor being more P^^ofi^ably emplyeci up ^^ ^ ^ Ue appropriate objects of '^^""'"^'J^l^'cosi, iron, live ^ carried upon railroads is grams, «%°"' f£ice between the ^ Mid articlw of a simUar chaxacter. The ditterence p« J, ' t'^** Uiltol^'iJiL ,t J H. Doc. 13a. 369* of a pound of raw and manufartnwj ^^** 1 doll^yet both imy paJTe saS,^ ''f «^n,easured frequently bv 2,847 7.287,342 V \ -,rnl pvnensivc works opened too The above table in^^^f^^.X^ business, and of course presents recentlv for the ^^y^S^l^^ofte productiveness of these works a much more ""f^^^'^jt J average for a longer period. than would be shown by an averag ^^ ^^^^3 ^re those connecting The most F?ducUv«ll^^?e Jtow^^^^^ the most unproducUve the manufacturing and «>"^^J^™- Xro^ interests for support. The Te SSe depending upon ^^e «gr^£g for export! on tL contrary, r^iculture 5 this State ^pl^* 'irSfpend^u other and distant iSre is hardly a town t^at doe^ »"t I ^^^^ io^portarit articles of portions of the ^f'^^^S^^^^L.^l wanted for consampUon in the .n. W The smaU surplus raisea is ^ ^ ^^ ^^ manufaclu- Wiate nei^hborhoocf of prj^ucuon Jh^re^^ ^. . property upon New Srig estabUsliments upon ^J^o^t^'^^^^ ^^ comparative unproducUvene. Fn-land roads is hmited, and hence m f ^^^^^^^ g^^^^^ „,,^i o "^vJhat may be ^^r-^^l^^;^ttot^ of a^icultural prcxlactsk sources of busmessinake up tor tnc .^ productive. In h\ transTwrtation, and the aggregate in _ . i^rgc surpliisl SSfand -esteni Statesjic^-^^^^^^ ,,,, fo, J for exportation, ^^"'^^^"8/;^' tern roads, either from agncut^ portauSi than is supplied ^^^^'^^^of the former, how eveMvil n«J ^Manufacture, or commerce. The cosm ^nd as the rates ^ the average, '^W. """-^^^^'^'J^and if anything higher upon 4 charges are pretty uniform "1^",^*' .^^ roads, the revemuis of tM "Sem and W tbaj "F" ^^^^^^^^^^ter tha^ the latter. ^M former must of course be ^ ^'^y "f^.V" ^^^g results, both from a larrf he fact. The greater ^ncome oMhe on^J^^^_^^ .^ -d-P^^^^;^a traffic, which the ^^^t^^'^-P^Ss inproMrtion to the costofthej ^d from the higher f ««£i^f,X^^^ Tthe country. NumH Bpective lines of t>e two different s^u ^^^ ««T^^" iSustrationsof this tact might be re«myb t^^^than those of Cleveland and Columbus road »^^}^.,^i,"e8pecUve hnes, thought Hud^n river since the opening f^^^^^o^.OOO, while the lattej S;^S is onlv 135 miles J^^^^^^^ 144 mBes and cost tl"'"""'""";' :., command a much IMP' ™ wMtcm and routhem roads. • - I ■A ■ ■ ' ■ ff H. Doc. 136. MODE OP CONSTRrCTION. 8ST Byfarthegreatcr number of our in A • oftfo oountiy-in our agricultural SSs^^r^^^re in the interior ,imountof«cc«««to,rfcap"talequaltoSS^ '?«t possess an tothesupport c>f a railroad may^st withom ^ ^"''"^«« adequate T ea)nstrucUon of ' a railroad^ too e^SeT,^^^^ jjch promise a naurh g^-eater rectum KT/rf'-^°' ^™^^ I "^«' t^^'^f^'-^' "ur people are disi^oi, to i.,.L^ '" '"^'' "■ ^^o^k. «cnfice to secure a rail^id. they pE and in f . -7"'^ reasonable for their interest, to borrow a portion nf'tV. '""^^ ^^'"^y fi"d it more inv«,ttbe whole means directl/h fhe prc^ect'"°Tr^ "'l"^'-^^' '^an [^ to secure the cooperation of foreign capS ] * J- "?^ "?? !^««er afford fonts use, than to embarrass thcmselv^i bv ^ nV "^ *"«^ premiums ment of too large a proportion of their own m..§'' I'"^™«"e»t i"vest- facts sufficiently expi-un the reasons why thoT''""' •'""^"^- These abkportion ot the cost of our road has b^^com^'r'"^ "^ ^ -«"«ider> Ityonly bytheco-openuion of en, italists T^'- "'"^^^^^^ ^ rule. having no interest in tl/e collateral aJvufr?'^'"^ ^^ ^ distance, and k^tniajonty of our works could LveCS^r '? '?'^?^^' ^^^^ »he ImoDey was furmshed slowly and rM,..; ^ '<'""^*r"cted. In the outset UunquesUoned, security?^ A. tl e '^^^V"^"^' ^^-" °% "Pon the Ijely and productiveness of these vesTi^. J''S/'^ ^^nionstme the ■A-ded, and became less exactin r J.i •/ l-'^PP'^'"'^ ^^'■''* more freely Nnthata confidence in til";" "?^ The result ht 2>tal. has become general, not JnK in 'iS 'n f ' "\'"^"^^^^'"^"ts of Bid companies whose irieans nnd , • • *-"""fry, but in Europe- to^editlfind no diffic^l y i^ loSi^^''^^" '''^'--^■^^ entldeS « of their roads, Jviili whcrtrL'h?'' ";,"''''' ^"'" "P"" ^^^ iSl'^^r^^^d Ibr our roads in , >™i^ : '^'^■'"\- ^he {.mount 110,000 per mile. The aencral r ,,=! ^ averages from $5,000 to hesought-to be borrfw/d shairbc fivT^"'- f- '^'''' ''^ «"'" ^qud to W A road that .wiuCi $io^oS 2''^'"' "' '^^""'•^^ ^"^ co^? KDt secunty for a loan of $lt,o5o per „K '"'^V' ^°"«'d«cd as suf- N wiU not much exceed the former nm ?h * t' '^'' "««^ «^ ^^^ pralniKconsideredsolarfieas rrr-w^ ^•■'"^'" ^« not, as a hvestrnent, on account of The n S '" ^^^ ««^^^3^ «f I fills rule, which estahi;ct and it* ', -l c. 'v1* *i.' P ■ ^ :•* '' f. [4* e-' ', i i«5i 5^,*1.-. 388 H. Doc. I8fi» j-.= fnrnished bv municipal bodies It is on this account that t^e credjt^^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^ [„ for the construction of railroads ^«"^^ community may be in- cases. Individuals m^kmg i^P the ag b ^^ ^ t, feen they duced to vote ^^e /Jf 'l?^"* ed to v^^^^^^ '^^^ ^^" ''^P^''^ '" 'r '"'"f £v no means could be mduced to ve ^^^ ^^^ consummauon of cess. In this manner f °Jf,^,^!^'"^^^^'ercia^ and pecuniary cons.dera- Xcb are not justified by the^ejm^^^^ ^^^^ r^ tions, which are tiie 0"^^. f *^.f"'Sses, and their construcUon shoud road; are purely ^or^^';^^ ^^ k\^. of conduct that control the be made to depend "Pf '^^.^^^^^^^^ xnanufacturing estabhshments. buildmg of ships, or the ^^ecuon 01 ^^^.^ ^^ y^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^ The safety of the securities ^^^J^f ;J^^^^^ froracompLisonoftheearnm^^^ to meet the interest on the loans. A b^ ^^ ^^^^^ accordmgto the $1^00 per inile, it ^""^^X^ngTnterest. But the net earnings ol rates, annually, to «^«^\t? t^^ e tl^is amount, Icavmg for dmder, s Zv new projects more ^^f " f^t p^^ on loans. I^hat such ^ill k on stock a sum equal to double that P .^^ ^^,^^ ^re concemd. the result, as far as our ^^^^'^^^,^, abundance of money sha^ have for some years to come, till a S^^^\^ competition of new works shall fowered tie rates «\ -^^edtr persons^and property, there cai,not have reduced the rates cliai„e t ^ , , be a doubt. . , s and net earnings of several of oui ' Below is given a Jf^e c^^'^g^^^ ^^^e Uiat are now commg m new roads, and of the ^ame , market for money : Total earnings, as J par last report. •Clevel^d and Columbus j $341,680 96 Litde Miami..-----. 211,63137 Columbus and Xenia 1,100,043 00 Michigan Central -•---■.- 386,078 80 Madi&n and Indianapohs p« ' For six months only. Net earning*. $339,969 28 297,467 57 160,055 58 461,364 80 185,080 60 PtrikI 3,511 ■ Co^t of Bnilroads in the United States. • »i,« QtntP^ of Massachusetts and m With the exception of those - the ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ roads. Thejj ^nr]L it 18 difficult to get at the ^^^^^ -^ hv law to r eturotoih l lorit, »-»« 7- ^ fitat^¥ Twancd »tf« requuw >f V^ „ -tain the co*| X "ond,. re«.rt mu.t be M » *» p ^^ ^ ^^ ^J '_»' H. Doc. 136. h may be hero stated that it is in the dowp,- nf ,t , ^^ mt to supply the lack of informatbn wh^lTn ^"^ ^^"^"^ S°^«"^- ace to our railroads, by requirW all rom^ ^'^'f "' ^*^«'« i" refer- ee made for transportaW of Z ^nl?^ ' ^''^' ^^"""^ ^^"tracts Department fuUan? accurate sSLCnt ^° ^^^ ?««* O^*^^ expenses, &c., &c. Such returS madl t . ''°''' '"'^•'"^^' <^«bts, be exceedinriy advantageous T man v„nLf T^""" '"^""^^' ^^'^d show amiuafly the extent to wik.h tlSe^wo Ltr^'- • ^t^ ^°"^^ income, expenditures, mode of conductina^hl • *'""'^^' ^h^''' ^ost. The returns of their business operates LSh^ ^''''^'' ^^^ ^' ofusefulmformation,in reference to he inTrni '^'^ ^ great amount oy, which could be obtained from n„nt^! commerce of the coun- ol^conect staUstical knowledge u^ntr f •"'■'^^'- ^*'^ Sre^^ lack dgedby all; |.nd there TeenStoT no'orh'?''' !' H' ^"^ acknowl- corrcctly than by the one poin ed out Th f "'''^^ "^ obtaining this Ae existing information uSe subject of r'l™'', '""' ^^ ^""^'^^"g ^^ not foil to exert the most Wfici ,? Jnfl °^^^'t°^'* management, could ever is valuable in the exSce of " "h"'"^' ^^ "^'"^'"^ pubhc what- The cost of our roads denrnrv ^o^npany. ««nt^ through ^l^ch'lh!rt7irTh^^^^^^ , States are the most expensivrnot onlv r '^ u '^^ ^^^ ^"S^^d of construcuon, but from the heater co^ n^ ?^ ^^"'^^ ^^^^'^Ity IJe general surface of the couS^ t unSvi hf ' "t l'''^^' ^^"^' ^^ adapted to these works on gorn7soufh f^ ? \ It becomes better Uera States, as far south aTllZl \ """^^^ ^^^ '^^^^^ of all the ktl^seofthesouthe^^^^^^^ beween the roads of the two sections of Vl: ! '''?^'"^"<^'^ ^ the cost Nlyto the items of gmdil br Zn/ ,T"','^'' ^^"^"^^ P"nci- tmaand lUinois, tRTt^^titf^ft' ^""^ ^'°^^• ^" ^'^^ States of k will not often JxceedSW^^^^^^^^ '-^"^ ^'"P^'-t-nt Ifcaverage for the same is Jbur m-^ffv.^ ' ''^'^^ '" ^^^^ <^^«tern States Inlley consists of an immense d«fn.' ^'""T'- ^^''^^ Mississippi lie easy construction o? a Si oS ' ^Th'"''"^ ^""^ " ^"^ obstaclesTo Ifater portion of tiie southe^Athmic «n l 'rZ "^""^ ^"^ ^'^^ ^^ the ■liecountiy, except in the ciS^^m W f i^"\^ ^^^'^''' T],roughout -ay. d«pol, and^stations. a'Huherj;^ in^V'^^r '°^ ^'8^' °^ «y low cost; the owne/s beini «nft^^ .1 ^ ^""''"'^y' ""' ""^^ ^^ at en^advontiges resulting frSS^^ """""^^^' "' ^^^ --" f^ Cr, Mll&r Lll^'^-^r^ ^'-^' New Hamp. ''Jersey.PeinsylS and M.r ?/•"*' ^>^^' I^l'^"^' New Yort ecost^-thoseXheg^^ ^■nile. The averag^ fo^the wholnTT*^ ''.r* ^'^^ from $20,000 ?ae, including fXinlm ^nd ""^u^'" "'^^ ^^^^^^ |30,000 ^^> |y m^ .5--BrS'^ their 1.1, , •, :■•;»■*- ■,^- v.: !■■ rt I, *.• ation^^ft^^S^^^^WtiHng^ecGssaiy for their .tl^Powinl^rtaCstf' °°' ™^'' completed and in N- •Li.",, J ■ i Fogress, 18,688 J miles, at $20,000 per mile. loua. $384,630,000 8$8,660,Q0O 637,100,000 if -■• .1 ■ .' ^ ' * • ]' 1 J. <• * . A _ .•u'. • [m •■li ^ H. Doc. 13^ e VnP eaual to the whole number of It is believed that an extent «*J^^ J ^,^,^^ three years from the -Vprob.,He...towhich^ ST'^SSt^^g^ .ultimately increased xn « ^ ^Xf^^ ,,ery unequa Uy d.^tribuied. In lation. At the P;e«9" ""^ ^/fi^d one mile of nulroad to every. Massachusetts for instance wc ^^^.^ ^^^ j ^„ , ^^ six 'square miles of territory. ^ "^ ,^ ^^e 183,000 miles of rail, 1^;h these wofks are m P^^g^^f ' -^^^^^^^^^^^^ the extent of linehr' Toads against 2G.000 mi es,w^^^^^^ ,^ ^„,ia give to the S^. operation and progress .f "*^P^^f ^jjere are not one-halt of this number Tohio nearly 7,000 J^'^^^^'J^ orconicmph^ied. U^voM givM« •either in operaUon, »" P["gj;^^^^^^^^ same amount to Virguua. Botl> Illinois 11,000 miles, ^"^^"^^^^^^ 4,000 miles in operalum andpr(. ofthesc States havo not mort.tn. gress. ^,," ,he State of Ohio shoMn^t, »n time, ^There cim be no reason wh> the ^^^^^^^^ constrmea, havx the ^d in fact as «oon as tf y ^^^"^^'^ j,, proportion-to its luea, as Mjm. ^ame number ot mi CB of ^aihoadmp^^po^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ <;husetts ; nor why the we^ cn^^ -t ^^^ ^^^^^ ^j ^^„„^i,er Wisconsin, Iowa, and >I;:^f V „ " ^ed, as Ohio. They are ^equally mUes of railroad, their areas compar , „^,^,,ity exists for tkj well adapted to these works, .«^"'f \" tter The only element wantingl iuct^on in the ^^^^^^^'^m suppl^ . population -J to secure a similar result is Umc, ,^^^^^ ,^ ^^,,„„ ,u i^^'^- f ,1 , State, above named is equal to 400 000 ^ The area of the htatcs '!';'' ,,,:i.™a«,, to the same extent than Jl" To supijly *Tlir tho^rprc^gress, would r.x,uire SW MW find in Ohio, ineludtng those. n p. .|_^^^^^,^^^,„^ X of road. The same raXW tha^ we ^^^ „,^ ? WlrneraSirtrcS^-Sirof ...ese ...Uwillr^ S'^ualPc with their pop;*«- ^^ „„,k, is weU she. ^ The probable rapid e^I^n?'™ °',T°!! states. In thoformerlM .oi^^nLnofGeorgia^Uhe^^^^^^^^^ — -CTatively «BM>i^«r ,p^^„p,,ee, anB^ Kentucky wiu ^^^'^ J Mississippi, Louisiana, ^""^'S In wealth, in extent, and m^^^^ vorablv with Georgia m F^P^'^*""' "L „eeded by the former a.s bj I KwSL. Railroads are just as «^«^»^^f ^ t would pay «] J '*'■, V. Doc.<136. t91 wbereat least five thousand milea of rnilTYiri,? o,^ u . fornoone cUn doubt that ndlS h^ XeZtofn T ' n'f "^^*^' asaseful and productive as tCforGcorS "^^^^'^ ^e equaUy , within reach of them. V v^ krf ^nroS^^^^^^ #wagoned,or sent down^^err?^ers^?t ^'p^^v ^^ ^"'" P'"^'^"*^'^ ^« its. Her area is at least dahf'L?^ TT' tV"<^«"venient ^ cbusetls. The latter 4^ hi on? ^r^ffioad to ^'''^^ "''*^^- dles of territory 'The ^ame ratio would ^^'t^clS of railroad, equalhne two^hirds the wholo !:^tLl Fv^^ '.^^^ ™*^®^ &ates.and to the StatesSd inclm W ? -^V'"!' '''•'^'' ^""^^ .f 390.000 souare n.ile.,^rt £ ^^^^^ canbe no doubt that, n the States mmp/) tZ Iv. ^\^^^^^- There are needed to meet the inSnedtte c"n^^^^^^^ M this extent of road would find lucrat.Ve emT^^en^ ^^^"' '"* .. ft < taMar Hatmm showing }hc number of miles of railroad in pro^^ and . "i operanon m the United States. ^ ^ ^ . >) "' MAINE. RoBd«. Androscoggin and Keiinebec.'. Atlantic and St. LaAVrence-. I Buckfield branch. ..\ ] ] ] Bangor and Piscataquis Kennebec and Porthand ',[ Bath branch i .']_'' Portfend, Saco, andPortsmoutlK Calais and Baring; Hachias port. .. . ^ .'."]. fork and Cumberland .* Mileii In operation. coggin.... penobscot and Kennebec. Total 65 121 13 12 •60 9 fil 6 8 10 20 Mile* in progress. 30 365 43 60 138 i hi * ^ ' T " h I, >,^, ^0 * ; ♦ • / ■* ; ■! "1 ♦ - * * C""! * i m H. J>oe. IM. NEW HAMPSHIRE. m — Roads. Boston, Concord, ancf Montreal Cocheco -?--•- Concord Concord and Claremont Contocook Valley Great Falls and Conway.. - -,- - Manchester and Lawrence New Hampshire Central Northern - - Portsmoutji'and Concord •- Sullivan Wilton ■ Cheshire Ashuelot Eastern White Mountain Total. VEBMO^ » » Bo ads. Connecticut and Passumpsic River Rutland and Burlington Vermont Central. .,,--. Rutland and Washington Vermont Valley ^ Bennington branch.- - ■ Western Vermont .^^ Total... 4%. .. ^ j£rfA' M^i IfilMio progretp. 22 ao 26 • • ■ ■ • a^ , 82 47 25 16 64 23 16 ..^.. 20 600 42 lies in MnMiB iration. progren. 61 119 164 /•■■"*•* 12 24 6 68 439 H* Doc. 186. *WS8ACHU8ETTO. JBerkshire JBogton and Lowell ....V, [Botton and Maine " ''" iton and Providence. . . " ] Stoughton branch.. . .".'. ton and Worcester.. ... * Cape Cod branch torchester and Milton 1 ~ - ■ • • . "*™' Em (Salem to Lawrence^ fall River "•••• 'itchbuig 'itehbuig and Worcester. ell and Lawrence.. . . lua and Lowell.. *"" Mord and TaiinVon. ." ." ." .' ' ] 'Ik c£unty .' .'?!."."' " ' Cobny (Boston to Plymo'Jth") isboro' and Shirley ^ field and N. Adams. . ." ' " idence and Worcester. I Shore ly Brook :._ !ni (Boston to Albanvi" tester and Nashua. . . out aud Massachusetts""' nousatonic branch South Reading branch " and Lowell JunctioiT. ]" Hanrard branch ' 'gton and West C^mbridie" Bcticut River.. *"«e- - • ^d Greenfield...' .'.■;; '' Reading branch."." "River branch. andPittsfield.'. ''" Amherst i;^;—^'^ [Total... r>f»»t ^ i,„"4 . 394 H. Doc. 186. RHODE ISLAiro. Itoads lrSce,Hartfai --i ^-i*"^" Total. :i.i.i CONNECTICUT. Roads. Miles in operation. 62 Hartford and New Haven - - - - - - 1 j^- • - - ' • " \ 50 Hartford, Providence, and FishkiU. . - - ^g Housatonic. - . . - - • .-h 10 Middletown branch • • 62 Naugatuck ^'^ 45 66 Npw Haven Canal '. "*' j'pVlmer I "" New London, WilUmanUc, and Palmer . ^^ Sew London and New Haven _ ^g Sew York and New Haven gg Sorwich and Worcester •--; | n CollinsviUe branch. - ...1-4 ...,-.-■ . Air-line. • — ■W,-'''"""'..i.: 24 Danbury and Norwalk - | lO' Middletown branch ....---■■ Total. 630 Roada. Miletin opentioo. 17 J Albany and Schenectady ..--.•-- *.'.'.'.'.'... 38i / Albany and West Stockbridge - gij I Attica and Buffalo...-.- " 23 Buffalo and Niagara Falls j. 33 1 Cayuga and Susquehanna •••- . [ileB in eration. Uileiii progrew. 50 32 50 3S MileBin Uileili operation, progw* 62 tt. Doc. 136. NEW YORK-Continued. iHodson and Berkshire I River " * *■••••••-.. «wiston long Island * few York and Erie ....*' ' New York and Harlem ! ! .' * fforthem ' Bswegoand Syracuse..." I 118 Viisselaer and Spiatoga . . ." J 35 xhester and Syracuse. . ' I 32 m and Washington ..." I 104 Schenectady. ] • - • "- I 39^ 31J 144 3 98 464 130 60 98 10 62 45 66 60 76 66 11 24 10' 630 MileiiD MX m operation. 7^ 1 17 1 ;. 88i . •• 1 3ii ,•■ I 22 • • ■ 33 r* 1 :-^\,'; 1 lenectady and Troy..'. "" 22 lealeles and Jordan . . . \" 20^ cuseandUtica 5 ng V. 63 Jo and Rochester . . 14 royaijd Greenbush ..,'."." * 76 i and Schenectady 6 fiertownand Rome..' 78 my and Northern...!.**." ' • ^7 my and Susquehanna."." * )and State Line.. • and New York . . . . . . ' * S Coming, and New Ydrk MaiguaandElmira. bburg and Montreal. ester and Niagara Fails' .'.'.■■ jdandWas^iington ' MsHprborandEUisburg." f and Boston.... ^' , "daiguaandlW^a'p^'s 32 ^7-ndBingiSton..!:' ' ' ""lyand Southern..:: \Vatertown, and Southern ^^and Auburn .? 69 90 45 67 25 76 64 >ani m Oiean. . , 8 Total. ^4, 33 143 87 17 8 97 76 35 76, 2,148i 100 75 53 874 •1, . . ••■. J. • '> '' ■ ■ ' I • > ill t . K I IS, ^'* '6 i' •* " f r III 'M m m J£5?E '^t m H. tooc. "188. NEW jtRSEY. BoadB. Belvidere and DelawaTe..-. Burlington and Mount HoUy . Camden and Amboy Morris and Essex New Jersey - New Jersey Central Trenton branch Union Total. HileB in operatdoD. 15 6 64 36 ai 64 6 33 254 Mfleiig progMi. PENNSYLVANIA. Roads. •^1^1 Alleghany Portage Beaver Meadow - - Carbondale and Honesdaie Columbia and Philadelphia - - Westchester branch Coming and Blossburg Cumberland Valley. Hazleton and Lehigh Little Schuylkill " Extension to Tamenend MineHiU...... Mount Carbon ?'hH^iwi:R-di,g-.--dPo»vm;;:;: Philadelphia and Norrlstown Germantown brail«5b =3Sihiladelphi& and Tren ton • • • Pbikdefe Wihnington, and Baltimore. Schuylkfll Valley. . - . . • - - - - - • • fiumiit HiU and Mauch Chunk Whitehaven and Wilkesbarre : . - - WjUiaraBport and Elmira Franklin. • Pauphin and Su«quehanna Miles in operation. 36 36 24 82 9 25 52 10 20 30 7 214 92 17 6 30 26 25 20 21 22 16 . .'-.Aiiiiii^-t'JiijijiJl-'t & no • 90 - 26 • • • 25 ... 20 • • ■ 21 22 16 • • < H. I)oc. 130. PENNSYLyANlA-Continued. 801: Roads. Miles in I MUes in operation. progresg. \ isbun Ijiens Valley uehoning. . , lomRun iesterVaIIey.jif..s. J. GiJ^e!""^:. _ ^^^^^^ "^d Su-squeha^na:. er Meadow and Cumberland ] *] ibury and Erie ' ' kawanna and West'n. ^...', iwissa, Williamsport, and* Erie ware and Susquehanna. . . \ lelphia and Westchester." .'.'.' Ivania^oal Company '// Jienv Valley * " " _' iambia branch ' * Sanover branch *.*.* ' " tand Wrightsville..".'. liter and Harrisburg. 4- lurg and Steubenville.'." 'Canal TotaL. DELAWAHE. . »^ -:'..' -i.^! ?' } H? • '^ 1 1^^* i-.~''< \: ! - .! tf *. ' •:.* . ti » * . •''' (St 5 f t M_f.' ^ ; and Frenchtown on branch *• 1* v.iiJ^i\ H, Doc* 13651 UASYLAin). Boads. Miles in operation. 21 Annapolis and Elkndge _ I 304 Baltimore and Ohio. 33 Washington branch - ^ - 3 Frederick branch. . - 57 Baltimore and Susquehanna ' \ ^j Westminster branth * 433 Total Uilub prognit %\ vmanoA. Iluadi- Richmond and Danville Richmond and Petersburg • ■•' Clover Hill. '"' South Side Manasses Gap- - '. Petersburg and Roanoke -^ Seaboard and Roanoke - - - - Appomattox Winchester and Potomac. . ... ••'■'■••• ' Virginia Central, including Blue Ridge... Virginia and Tennessee Oranse and Alexandria • - - Sond; Fredericksburg, and Potomac. Greenville and Roanoke • Northwestern Miles in operation. 66 22 15 60 • • • • 60 ,80 9 32 104 60 40 76 21 Tot^. 624 PI" m '.lii'M; i..s.. > lies in MilM a sration pTOgna 65 22 15 60 GO .80 9 32 104 50 40 76 21 624 ,^*" -^« ^yf^ifft HfeiDoc. 136L NOBTH CABOLINA. Boads. and Raleigh nington and Weldon .'.,...,', 1 Gaxolina Central '.'.'.. \ leldon and Cleveland Total. «OUTII CAROLINA. " Hoada. 241 othCarolina. nyille and Columbia. irlotte and South Carolina.'.".' .' * * " 1 ^^^ Mountain.... ••-I ,110 m --....".'.'.'.".''." '-•■•-•I . 25 nburg and Union...".'.*."],''' ' 1^ lington and Manchester. , ■ * I 45 Total. 599 >«•«». n ) Miles in operation. progregg. 16 60 117 193 GEORGIA. Roads Milog in operation. Miles in progregg. 191 land Western .]/.. *"f ^'^^ I and ^lantic. ../.... I ^^^ western \ '.':"* I ^*^ sknmch.... ' I ^0 ""■; 80 and Westpoi^t . .' ' .' .' .'" * 'j\ '/' " 1 ^^ 69< kand Milledgevillo. ' \«H)ntv.^..... ibrajjch.. •'^ ••.••! 17 39 ?.'»<^ Pensacola (^sdmatedH- " " * " " ' * 'I ^^ "*andPen8acola(estimat4 1 81 18 Total. 857 60 30a 300 803 ■- i. V''( ■ ■ . ^' '':;.; ■•,/• T t , !.••' I l>^tf&lw^ T ^ \ . pLOBIDA. \^ Road. "'I gt. Mark's and Tallahassee, ALABAMA. Roads. Montgomery and West Point. ... Mobile and Ohio - Alabama and Tennessee Alabama Central Memphis and Charleston ■ Girard Total inssiSSIFPI- St. Francis and WoodviUe • "VickiBburg and Brandon Mobile afid Ohio Msnusippi (Antral Canton and Jackson - • • - •-*••• New Orleans. Jackson, and Northern. Ifilesin operation. Mjlesii progreti. 23 Miles in operation. T otal- ■ 88 33 '40. Miles in piogrew. 161 30 160 sol 2811 2201 m 95 jCarrdton Clinton and Port Lake Pontchaitrj) MeJtjcan Gulf. . . ♦New Orleans, Jt New Orleans, an Total....; IqM) Bay, Bra?!( • ihville and Cbati * Tennessee and It Tennessee and WerandHun ' and Ohio. . . *»ille Soutliem . , ■^ nviUe branch. total 27 % ', , . ■..■i-,(S.4iSi -\" A. -j n >u. Milealii progreM. J ' • } in Miles in tion. progrws 88 ^ I>oc. 136. LOUISIANA. Boulg. jCamJton Clinton and Port Hudson .."".',. , Lake Pontchaitrain [ * jMeHcan Gulf. ^. • ' ' ♦New Orleans, Jackson, and Northern Aew Orleans, and Opelousas Total....... Miles in operation. Miles in progregg. '.HI 'J^\ lit'* ,"',-1 'T*. m 63 ^*, Road. Bay, Brazos, and Colorado. Miles in operation. Miles in progTess. 32 -TENNESSEE. Boads. Miles in operation. hwlleand Cbattajiooga.... tTennessee and Georina , t Tennessee and Virginia.." I ^^ sterand Huntsvifle and Ohio We Soutliem ..'*]]. J ' Bville branch. . ' total. Miles liji progresa. '.!^' 185 609^ t?iH 1 I 1. 1 i .0*1 1 I St^t.t fJ&%iUi'i>i tt!tliJ«5„ Er/^r#''J.Tr-'V-. «! B, J>oc. 186. KENTUCKY. Boads. Miles in operatiun. 29 UUMil progiwl Frankfort and Lctmgton gg Louisville and Frankfort _ l Maysville and Lexington _■---- _ Covington and Lexington • Lexington and Danvie ■;'.'.;.... LouisviUe and Nashville MobUe and Ohio. . . - . - • - • LouisviUe and NashviUe ShelbyvUle branch ■-■■•--■* ; Henderson and Nashville • - • Total. 94 MISSOURI. Boads. Miles in operation. Pacific * * ■ Hannibal and St Joseph s. Total. OHIO Boada. Cleveland and Colunjus Columbus and Lake Erie Dayton and Springfield branch Little Miami Mad river Sandusky and Mansfield Xenia and Columbus. - . - Bellefontaine and Indiana Cincinnati and Marietta . .* *s?\» iTii^i^ ' V u, -;:;:, MileK in peratiun. 29 G5 HUmIi progwul 94 MileB in operation. MUeiin operation. 130 60 24 16 134 56 04 Wo^-Omtlnned. Boada. BleTeland and Pittsbum TewlandN.and Toledo' feveland P. and Ashtabula." -lombiM U. and Piqua :innatiW.and^aneV^dii;' unatiH. and Dayton ..jM and Western . . ' * " ' Ireenville and Miami. . * fflilton and Eaton. .*"." '^oro and Cincinnati..*.']]^ Ution -S pand Indiana ]] 7 po and Mississippi. , . ] ] * po and Pennsylvania ■iocentral BandHockinjf'v^ey.*; «wlle and Indiana...: afei:;^^--<^"KSbn;g pandAkro^ branch.*." 1 and Warren branch.' »t«andJ>ajrton...:.. "l^fcb. «was branch Total. Boada. '•••*•• •**••••• , ■"■■WS-i', 'l*ujch... Ealamaaoo....' f^— ...... -iji^ mA H. Doc. 186. ; INDIANA. ith branch round L. Michigan 140 N. Albany & Salem, with brancn ruuuu "•;-;;;°; 1 66 Jeflfersonville. - • • •.--- 86 Madison and Indiana|?ohs _ ^q Shelbyville branch. { 20 Eushville branch. .A- j 27 Knieht8t»wn branch. V - - Swrenceburg and I^dumapoh Indiana Central . - - /• - ----•;• Newcasde and Richmond. - > - i §3 SSpolis and BeUefontaine - ■ - ; - ^^j Peru and Indianapohs -.- - Terre Haute and Indianapohs Evansville and IlUnois Indiana Northern. Ohio and Mississippi Lafayette and Indianapohs. . " Wabash Valley ^in«gCenteal Galena and Chicago. Rock Island and Chicago Central MiUtary Tract Peoria and Oquawka. Ohio and Mississippi- - Northeru Cross Sangamon and Morgan Alton and Sangamon Aurora branch.-.-. Bt., Charles branch.... OTallon's Coal-road.. Tetre Haute and Alton Miaaisaippi and Atlantic St-ILomsand Chicago. JUt^n and Mt. Carmel. aukie and Mil I du Lac and iti $8 in HilMii dtion. Pfogffft l40 175 66 86 16 20 27 M 1 10 83 22i 5 72 26 135 62 296 ■ -m''' ^ / j( '. \ J h V| ■k ^ \ J \ H. Dbc. 136. WISCONSIN. 4m Roada. Hwukie and Mftsissippi rouiuc cum lUlSSlSSJppi duLac and Ehck Island Yklley. Miles in operation. 50 Total. 50 Mileiin progre«a. 160 S40 390 ■^ RECAPIT«.ATION. i Carolina li Carolina L \\\ * ■ • .:;: • • • ^::::.::\ - - . - -- " n in • ♦ • • • • — a - - 1 r r ■- ■ — •rs- • V — ""■ ... Polal. '1 ► '^ 1 • *■ ad»^n^^ .^l. .1 IfK « i U ^ ..1] r, .c , J I ft ii '^ ^M -"*^ « »' I Area in acres S; total, 160, I The province iealthy ofishoot ■ightest jewel ii Ide from the cc )titu(Ie from the lejofPennsylv pa, diversity ol mmercial poftit I tide-wat i adjoins, and rcialaswell a e shortest land ■ough the pe oast of the n: The "diversity y incorrect, inj lem climate. 1 ^r historic tituted for the ice is known . 'Carter an "It Fathers, an B of France, \s quois, havi Si WOT the oh t importtHit col stniethaKn "inthenortl 'ature varies "■ makes a on every ]ak( ejealously ^mantle nf -st f the a( • converts th( 8j»8t and IB , r labor ( ' is delaye< ■^ Jtthesj .-*" ■ 1^ H. Doc. ise. 407 PART V. -^^ CANADA. ^ Area in acres : Canada East losRr.Qrc>i o . , ^; total, 160,405,219 .ures k^?] ?' *' ^''"''''''' W^^^' 31,745,- flhe province' of Canada o^e o?tf Zl" '''''• ^'^*2,2G5. * [ealthy offshoots of a colo^iW natt„ Cl hi "•'^'/ P°P"^""«' ^"^ lightest jewel in the Crown of Snd " tJ .-^"'''^"^ ^^''"^^ "»^ [debm the centre of the continl^ "to the ^^iTl'TT'' ^""T' l&tude from the waters which flow into tlfn n ? »^ ^''^™^°'"' *^"d in lalof Pennsylvania, it derives ks^m^J ^oxi\,^xx, ocean to the par- Uiversity^f climate.rdl ?duS"^^^^^ "'"^^ ^^ A* inmercial prtiition. ^ "ui^uons, as ymm geographical and ^i/aswell as impoS SnWn/ '^"^'''^' «neof the most com- a shortest kHd-rouS^'ScShlt^^^ ^'t^^f ^T^ States. >ugh the peninsula of ffla wSt JXSh '''k ""^ ^'"^'^^ [coast ofthe most commercial b.dv^rr'.'' embraces one-haJf he "diversity of prndS'' atVbedTo^^^^^^ °" '^^ S'^^^' Uorrect, inasmuch as the name k.;,-.T''-,°'''y ^* fi'-^* ap- W«n. climate. This mSen^Sf. "^'.^^^'^^f '. ^«h the rigors o/a «amorhistoricalriSof^"'^^°"S'"^^^^^ " the fact that the fJd for the wCrwbii?th?;'' e^'"*'^' 'V '^^ mind-apart ke is known only to ac'ual 11^^?' '"°^"'". ^^^^'«" ^^ the U Carter and ChamnSin tlf* 1* -^ romanuc narratives of ptFathers, JofSrenVD^^^^^^ ^^^"?Sles of the kof France, with the 8tiSnt^n!w i . 'c T^ "^''^" «* ^^e old no- \S^ the chief mediuS of iSS. ^ P^pple of the United Npit colony ^formation respectinjer this, England'a te''Sw'er;n"£:?ef ^^^^^T'fj'^ - Wu.. varies b^4itUe in S; two rS ^Tr- ^' ^'^^ 1^^ Ner makes a hiffhwnv \t^ tk^ regions. The mtense cold of H^neveiylakeaSSm 4rrr',l?^ the. lumberman over »>re jealously guardeTfrSiThp fn • ^"^x^^ ^"^ ^"^^ of vege- Amantfa '^f °n^ T^^^^ ^«^ts of severe frn..yy Hvem themintrnavLTw^^^^^ ;"''''' m every mountam rp»t and most exoeS, J^ ' '^ou^/ewwrrf, for bearing„m ^15>ortoiL'Stro^X^^^ ofthelumt. N> M delayed by the duration ofTf!^ u ^?»"»«««««< of Wabout the same Derindl^i°\**'^ ^''^ ^"°^' ^"' «s maturity is same period aa m the western countiy, becauae t^ ^i , •/• • • «t . JC * u * u « 1 ■I f ;n \ <*>*> 4m H. a>oc. 186. 3» f> ■«■<: "/- n i^oa r.f rnlnric during the winter, less retardation has been a smaller loss of caloric ™? ^^ f^,^^ ^^,^ constant action from a lingering spring, and more rapia growi i of a strong and steady s"";"^^^ ^eat. . J^ ^^^^^ Whatever exceptions "lay be taken to the c^ ^,^^ of the whitt it must be remembered that it embraee^^ nXalie product of which can nfb?^b?aird\1tsetoT^^^^^^ O^e abundant ice and Xrmr<^-rd1^St/oreSoys m.re sL tonnage, than the ^ttT7the forests "^ British No^^^^^ give necossanlp j While^thQse f "ditions of clmiate and pr^^ g^ >.^ commerdinl and «>f ^"^'^^^"""f/JlX^^^ of Western Caiada afford a milder climate and ^^''^^P;^ f "'^J^Pf "'^lal pursuits unsurpassed in field for ag"«"lture, horticu tuiie^^^^^^^ ,^^\ some respecl^by the most ^^Y^J^^^^^^^^^^^ ,„,ny thousand square ' peninsula of Canada West, almost surrounu j \^^^^f N^^^hera .Sles of unfrozen ^^^^^er, enjoy ach^^^^ fruit south and New York. The PfP.^^^'-f^^' ^^T^f been s^^^^^ cultivated M west of Ontario, whi e tobacco fas been sue j j .ears on the penmsula ^^^^^J^j^^f^^^^^^ of two mfc . last two yeu^s Western Canada ^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^P^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ df barrels of flour, anc over in ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ the present ^Th .1 n^X no cou" -^^ where there is so nJ SSIr:^; in^XSo^tot^;^^^^^^^^^ -a uaderC. " :a;bn,?s.in'that' Jt of ^a-la -st^^^^^^^^^^ ^^ ... ^::r^^^^^^^^ commf cialW^oJ pmg-Moae ""wccii i mineral -ones ot the northwest, treaty t ^SS'lS," J'S-^cat Western, .„d U,c 0. worthy of not.cc. She is the """fl ""™'™ ^„, „ t ian|ml.rlbnn,lf Sslten «£ t W S remote. aL ....^^0 the ,c, ,^ ''"^Ayt^. iohosoitable coast f Labrador u^n the* by the ataOB. inaccesstble «"''X' r„7i^^, " rhen.SgH Jt ?i cwiBgjSanada ns a wnoie, n uiaj " ^^ "^^^":" ^t w^a «#«»« northeast to southwest, from Mame to Michigan, ana ^^^ and 49th parallels of north latitude. The greaneri presenu itilf. conspicuously -« -,^J'^"?^*^^rgT^^^ raphy, traveraing, m a northeasterly Tsourse, tne gran drains in ita mighty career to the ocean. .1 ^Ziii^/b^^ i »^?»«RJ Hr Doc. 136. . y^' . Tlie very beautiful map of the h • r i ^^* apH^fJ'f "d prepared expressly for'lhi^Ll^ .^^ ^^^rehce hereunto I esq., a civil engineer of hi Jh stanZi ^^' ' ^y Thomas C. Keefer tod^ Canadian Board of Crkrm^^^^^^^^^ abilities, attactd ' An attenuve considefation of hisYew aS p. "^" ^^^ "' ^^^"''^^y- % sohcited. It presents many pol^^ "f f„f ^"^"^ "^^^P is respect- does, at one view,, the mighty St I o^i '"ferest, exhibiting, as it Mterraneans/'ofwhiclit^iTlhe'^:^^^^^^^^^ [graphical wonder, as also their nosS' '^^^''^'' are indeed a eeo- hhe wrest and the vast and feZ ^Xy "oAhe m'^^'-"" ^". ^^^ ^^^^ef o^ nous outlets to the sea, of this valuablTseett'ofa^i^^^^^^^^^^ ^^- COMMERCE OP CANADA. I More the close of the last cent Med a respectable posiUon. ThTst I .w"""'^'^^ ^^ ^^"^^a had ^ (outlet of Canada, and also of that nor t inn TT^^/'^^^ '^^^ the only Iponand between Lakes Ontario ani^S ""/'^^ ^""^^ States ly"nff fe.«;eived indifferently A Sa„ an^P ^ ""i"' ""^ '^^ P«« "f £! Un to the West Indies and Br tfsh North ^A^"^'"" P^^d"^^ ^br exp^r- Although Upper Canada then scarce In "!'""^" ^°^''»'^«- r '^^"V in^niigration, the lower ^^^^^^^^^ ^"^^'^^^t food to / K?' °f ,^^l'«^t, and continued sruntn^h^ '"^^^ ^''""^''y « We f«.^edher ^^er present positiro^^lj^^ ftlll.f^^^^ S-w'Std'^HK^^^^^^^^ Uus to 1822. Thi prod'nit^^f :P^: bankTl? ^." «"^'4om >re mdiffei-enUy exported to the sS^r . i • °^ the St. Lawrence fc?n;and those marU received no on vn'"''' \^ '^ "^ Canadian rWncan breadstuffs and prov^ion^ Our tT' '^"^ ^ ^^^^^^ '^^^ H finely into the British markets bn? "'''•^'' '^'''^'' ""^ ««Jy ad- ^7 dutjes were imposed upo^Tmno,," • ^'^"Tu^." ^"d almost pro- B'l8T^^r''u^™''■^^^^^"« closed; r^^^^^^ ^"^ British ship. ►11814, winch was then only ad^&S ?^' ^^^'"^t our vvheS J^^7' f"t the West Indies and lowTrS'ni^^' '" ^ ^^^^^ measum ^d 80 long as the free export of aThpT"*"^', S^^*' ^ sufficient ■h^^ute. As early as iS, ou^'Sr."/ f «"'" '^"' P^™'"^^^^^ «0.00O barrels. The Berlin and AfiiVn^^^' ^"^ ^««e in 1S(» f^J thereon, of 1807 ; Pres"lnt J.ff '''■^'' ""^ ^"S"«h ordem imcreased duues levied uZ S.— ^T"^ ^''^^arlo of 1808 ' ^ Amencansjl^d w^te^^^^^ much depeXf fAr^u "? ^®20 oyer XTof 1810 "{ '''ll^ '"^'"^^ °f ^^e ^Actsofthe imperial parWntbv -ml .^° ^f^ ^^"^ C«"«^ .«, , r- ""«««. »>y imposing a duty upon Amer- .*» » 4 ^i. 1> 1 f , ( H' '* » I hi • 419 H. Doc. 136. forbade our exports tbither. ^ , ^^ Trade Act of 1822, ..As a '^^-^""^"f > 1^2^/^e^^^^^ the United Kingdom our fl?"r^«^d ^H ;r Ih^Zlterhna per quarter. The opening of at a fixed duty of five shilhngs sterun^ p« i ^ the Erieaiid Champlain <=f;^f. ^^J^^^^^f^^^^ nianent dir«:Uon to those Amencan expor^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^g Quebec, and an amount of ^W^^« C theTritish action of 1825 "^1 7tZl o??822 TraSemal alvantages resulting from the j^^eded that of 182^ f^gl^een the United States and Bntain, on the differences which arose between we j^ ^^^ interdiction score of recipmcal "^^'8^^°"'/;^^^^^ J^f wS and reduced it of the United ^f^^ ^^'^^''^tlSitioleS S2,000 in 1830,) from a value of |2,000,OOU, i" ^^ ' ^he trade of the St. Law- restored for a time our ancient ««mme^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ rence was also assisted .^y ^^^vL^^X^hes-^for the British market, years exchision of American timber and asne ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ and by the reducuon of the duty upon our u c„massedits Xket, and therefore rapidly recovered, and m 1830 far surpassed .ts ^"iri83lto; was a return to the policy which existed previous to '♦in iSJiinere wttsttx^ i forests and agriculture were iag2. United States foducts of ^he lores^ a ^^ ^ ^^^^^^ admitted into Canada A^^' ^f .^^"i^^^jte^^ ; and an additional produce to all *=ounines, except the Unaed^^^ differential duty, in Advantage was ,^«"f^f Jy^^trnC h" West Indian and ith our favor, upon foreign 1"^^^ ^^^^ and wheat by sea in that, . ^erwTeKtToMOO^bXer^^^^^ tion of the duty upon Amencan flour brought mto tdose mun ,. ..J^., H. Doc. 136. 411 Ml die West Indies in 1830 Harin«.fc. i -^ '"'"^ "four tra «« second ■ibe important privilege of exporting A mT' ^ l^^ceeded in 1843 bV .oomwirativeTy nomLal dS^Ts^ctr^""''" ^l^^*' received, "nder tf» ptish market. ThiSaTur^tatr^^V"' P'^^^ °^ «"gi^' a sWIings sterling per quarter uirimJi,-^ P'^™^"'" °f about Jroaghthe St. Lawrence -brnTnoP^ Amencan exports to Britain f«> »m destmclion. This very pLal ^ent^"'^*'' Jt''''' *™""' VJ> of flour .„d „h^„ so tC™n S '•Tl^'"""^''""'- ^VZ^y bushels, .,f -.eieTUXr^^Sp^W, *? enjoyed as the route forAm^rilln ^^** Lawrence had so fit- Jjng from the failure of the potato rL v. T'"^^'^*« -^ *-V J*7 the control of our cuat^n^T .^ ^ fallen to the ground i* ** J '^'^ ' J»^' ' g^uj.and the last a^d mos^C ^'^^"^'^"^dby the iSSf / i ' . t*. f^^^^ *«»> baneful eflects of IrEh „-?"?• "^^i*"*^ *^ ^^^ «»on the l8t of Januaiy/lsfiO M "*^«"^n laws, came into 'I ii %> .. -'t*^' \" * t> m 'P H. Doc. 13ff. It will thus beCen that previous to 1846 the cdomal pohcy of the Tlrftircovternment, although vaxjillating and contradictory, encouraged Sfsea^^Se of CkTaJia gy affording^ market for her producUons. ^ wX<^ourLed e^sinUlto the United Spates, Likewise by hSperii con^ol overthe colonial tariff, tlie mother country established dXenti ^duties against importations inland, thus throwing the sup- pW of Western CarSda into t^he ports of Montreal and Quebec and the contraband dealers on the western fronUer. .\ \ a • i Nearly th^ whole revenue from customs beihg collected in W Canada although an equal and even greater consumption was chim^ Wthe upprpfovince, a controversy respecting the division of ^ rfvenue because amiuaUy more and more severe, with the increMed SaUon and demands of Canada West, and was the subject of fre- Sent appeal to, and of adjustment >by. the mother country. Jhe m- ScSof the French population, and consequent suspension of the c^nStutidn of Lower CaSa, was taken advantage of to bring about rSlative union of the two provinces, which accordingly took place hi 1841, and put an end to the dispute about the division of the rev- ^nue Perhaps the remembranc,e ot'this altercaUon had some influence iZnihe subsequent action of the Canadian legislature upon the sub- Wt^f differential dutiA The imperial government formal yaban- Sed XtontroToverl Canadian tariff in 1847, ajid in their next Son,The colonial legislature abolished the differential and prohib.- to^dutLson imports fnland; thus placmg the mother country in Ae same relative position- as foreigners. The commercial interest of the lower province yielded to this poUcy from sympathy wih the free- J We movements in England; while it is probatle that the western pro4ce supported the measure as a means of emancipation from .?hrmonopoly of their imports by Montreal and Quebec. The repeal (by the abSiUon of the Briush Corn Laws} of all pm-l ileges in Ikvor of Canadian breadstuffs in the BriUsh markets, the h^l tUe tariff of the United States, and the twmmeUed condiUon of the StJ La>^nce navigation, (yet anfreed from the restnctions of the BntisJ NaSSi Laws.) fell Wily upon the Canadians. The scanty sup] plyTvessels in the St Lawrence, (hitherto a "close borough,;'^ iBntish shipping only,) and the abundant supply of outw^d freight Sedb??h?timb^ coves of Quebec, hal «« enhanced aUoJe fSt ouiward, that nothing but the premium offered by the Bntish CZ Laws made the rpute ?hn>ugh the St. Lawrence 7^ &voj^ riion by New York, even with the burden of tl^e United States tanfl When/therefore, this premium waS withdrawn, and the EngUrfi m ket wis no longer the most profitab/e, the exports of Canada We^ J (Ae 8^rp"u8.piing sectio/of th^ province) turned tow^Ne TTork. The proximity of this city to the wheat-exporting d«mcM CanadBr»«dke=4^1itifi&^fc^xS«i?%an4J^^ Y^nS^L^other interndlartlfici^ avenu^, pn^ucedTBUcb a verlnTcanadian exports of Hour and wheat that the quanUly Jo J to New YorkTl860 exceeded, largely, ih^t exported lyseaOhn. %hefoSr>JSrBl*tementwill sho^ th^ xelative export of C««di ^ flour and wliat iiibnd and by sea: ^ *...• *♦,.", *!.•,.* S. f *^ Doc ia6. ' .» *5ported to'aod throngii— ftdUo. I OjteMbmg. W UcChamplain... I Tital exported inland . I MtmlaadQaebeo Barrel.. Btuheb. 19,844 260,«72 33,999 90,988 1 'S''-^^ 66,001 1,094,444 lUtf exported DmNM^ inland export to United baim in lea export fi^ Canada. J! 10,860""' 259,875 30,609 11,940 313,284^ 371,610 101,655 670,808 18,195 790,678 161,318 ««4'894 951,990 I The~ following statement « * * . ^ 4U iii Doe. isii. If ber of barrels wluch were ^"J ^o t^ Umte ^^^^ this was ns the total exports by sea m ^}^}J^XTl^, the Canadians axe now versed, is very ^g^^fi^^^f^^Med Stales in the markets of the traa.g upon «q'^»»,^X^^fl:,'SSgn States. To elucidate thi, mother country and those ot oiner iw » I must refer to the j^-, lUTBECOLONIAI. XBADB., ■^-^Cof^:'^:^^^^^-^^^"-"^^^'^ ican colonies -. — 1844, has been as follDWS .• •< 1844 1846 ^ 1846 1847 1848 1849 • 1860 ^The'^ount 'Jxpirt^'w 'these colonies, in bond, through New M and Boston, in 1861, was— • BwdL 19,630 26,691 35,152 66,195 ,65,8341 79,492 140,872 154,760 Floor. New York. Boston Total. Barrdi. 86,689 4,690 91,279 WhMl BadMi. 6,7981 I 6,79 ^thaking the total export to these colonies 246.039 baxrels-an i "'X's^:^!? o? Stinir American flour in the ^nsu.. . of Ae "twTSS^es" has been brouaht about by the oj^ through the St. Lawrence, to compete m ine lore g itdl States. , — u *^i,^» 'Cr ttift mke ofc f=jratd flour have been t la, the num> >0 exceeded Ills was Te- as axe now irkets of the ucidate this, North Amer ndland, since Bimk 19,530 . . 26,694 ... 36,152 .. 66,195 .. . ,65,834 , . . 79,492 1 ... 140,872 ... .164,766 igh New Yori; meit 9 AuUi. 6,7« 9 6,79t lis— an i he consume I openiogot exclusion oTl Canadian! maikets of t thfl (#" °f'' irectionaDdJ other prov lb Doc. 106. ■»-i 1 .>'" . ^ .^"4 » I '- 1 U L' * ^ ^ -^*' ••'N ■i I- thai ui'tiie export of ilour Tn ir/lq »i, i the United States was doilble that from Thl"^ '' ^^' ^P"^^'* f"*'" the value fiom the United States wa^sasg'slrn^ ^ ^^^ i26».300. In 1849 nearly one-h Jf of thf^ ' ^""^ .^'■°'" ^^ ^^^^onies fi«m and through the United Slated t^ ^^ "^^^ imported, inland, pouijds, put of th^total importation omeiror^'' being 5, 153,000 Urtation rose to 16,736.000 pounds of whfr.rTA'* ^ ^^^^ *e Theimportsof sugar into Canada in 1851 were ' '''''''' " ' Fnmj British colonies . . . " United States ^ " Other foreign countries " Great Britain 1 ••>. :(■'< *• i •••-.. I..., $269,300 258,848 226,816 J71,140 _925,604 routes. Canadian vessels load at thk iX^^^ »^78,468 by inland Lmon8,^hich they c^, wUhout Sif "^ '^"'^ breadstuff's arid k, Newfoundland, exS/nf^lTT'?^^ '° ^^^ ""' ^^ molasses, fish, and oUs. Thif JrlideT n? / '^'"™ ^^«« °^ ^'^^' vessels; and as fish and othe?niSuot^jl*'°"^^^ *^P"fi"«d to fiStish Hck, and the flour, PxovTsioL^^c Tc^°It '°*^^?^"^^"««- ^, a direct free-tra Je betweei the'man?^!^ '1"^ f^fchan^ed duty- British North America is now in TJn^J!?'^ «gricultui^^ districi mdland only is excludedJ^hrnSeSuieiTS' ^'°'" ^^^\^^^' MO (114,864 206,268 269,300 1849 '.^.. , .Je28,7l6 . 61,317 67,326 te Sr oftr^Sir* No" '^ •~'™r' 'of Canada L at Hto^liow l»w&T;°ff:„f° "=="»" Pr?diotioM can now bo H commerce of d» westeT ffi .Jl'Si.'»»«'« over d« commerce of the wpafAm ui,/^ j -~r.*" ^-^^^^'-^^wine ,:««,.ru„_''' .^^ western lakes and adioining districts. A will be the best modeof pre-^ k)rtiY.v:««Tfu . . ^^esiero lakes BfegSl ^f Pogggn an d n^j Qurcea wnngtms question. THE COMMBRCIAL PORTS OP OAIfADA, _ A 'J», tf'i • » 416 • t. V oTiPiPnf M -^eli as the most linportant, pqrtof Quebec 18 the^moBt f/L^^^^^^^f Gasp^, New Carlisle, ihe*% Canada, ^"{i^^^'^^t^tl i^X riv^^ bel^vr Quebec. The proS dalen islwids, and several in *^« "^^l- of Belle-Isle, embracing the ofCa„adaextend.e .^^^^^^ SSSy^ ar^" The other islands a?e occupied only for * houses and 'eUef stations. of New York-the island oH The harbor of Quebec IS not un^ke that ^^ ^ ^^^^ ^.^^ Orleans serving as ^, barr^J r^'"„roach. A frontage pf about fiftee^l Island,,affbrding two channels^ necessary Vharva Viiles on both «^de? ot th^^^^^ thirty to forty'mil J but coves «f.^Vffi^'^"SShiv millions of superficial leet of deal^| ciibic feet ot. timber, about eighty ^^^ jj ^sing eighteen f J besides staves, lathwood, «^^ f^{;7Z g^i^^^^^ at "springs," offers no imped me^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^ .8^ :business ot the port, "^«jy^,''fl'!J^^ cargoes „, stream, (which attords g°«^,^«^7£8'^d^^^^^^^ ninety !«!&. floated to them at ^f ^,^^«- J^^eome ^rfectly sail until ane^H Quebec, and th« wa^r does n^^^^^^^^ distance s ^^^^^^^^ .^'l^r.' '^d A^^^^^^^ >vater, and sea navigation I dred and e.'g^ty n^.fe^ beyof th^^^^^^ Montreal, ninety mdes farther' or two^^^^ J^ ^^^^ saltwater. The river "^^^^P^c, (where pilots are tirst.tai^s hundred ^^^ 6*5 "jfi^^^^^rve^na^^^^^^ "P^vards of sc. but the combined guU ^nd Jiyer nu h .^ ^r^j^ .^ ^^^ hundred mUes beiore we r^ch^e AUanUc, ^^^^^^ ^^^ than three connexions. The tn«rmri^ ^^^^^^^ BeUe-I?fe-i8 '^"^^'S!?^l°;t^o Sred iSes shorter than the rl sage to Werpool more ^^J^^^^^JXm Quebec more than four! by Cape Race, making the d»!;^\'™j' \ ^^^„„ ^i^ passage [, ied ikies shorter than from New J^'^r^^l^S and ^U navigable route between he foot^o^L^e U^ ^^ ^^ ^J^q Britain is as short a^ that trpm New ^''J^ ^ .^ >p . The middle channel' by wtach the Aua^^^ , nufes wide, and contains f ' ?f l^^^J^^^^ this channel ft ' houses, affords an exccUent P««»^ °f 4«P J."^^^ Africa, or the In' bee is bmu^t ne^er to -y P° J - » A^^^^^ TfX' ^Gu^of Cal:% i^ SvSLa,r., ie fishing, c^. Forti ■i tbee mi 1,306 S31 6 htol...... 1,536 6 |The disasters at inber, and on d)( Ui^oBtreal, two h Ive steamers, thret \of existence entii hundred and land four steam belonging to icb an extent of ] I between the p ^ be, in thick \ eltnotfi)rihegr< "ly-five miles, an< fiinorneartlie 3 charts. e trend of the Al _jJpon StP '^▼wsel may si I ««y fethoms, h "^ into the 9] '■> water j so *SwP»rtXfor S8 ■KT^'I Hi Doe, 180, ^] m t .*: V:i I ■ * .-"1 » .'I I ' ' ,;^|S ~ef rlu^^^^ ^- le,s than that -i moiA of disaipation in Quebec sent thf^T *"" "" ^^^S" ^^ t'^ber. Itunbeie by desertion, with weakened Dhv8ir«r^ *° ^^* diminished in ^. When, therefore, the cdT Novem W ^r ^"'. ^? insufficient %M3exed, lor want of ordmarv Lrt^on"^'^ ^'T' "^ *« gulf were ' ^' . - ■H^/ ^ 'i ,ye«d went ashore. iCSsSr'rnn^T •' ^\^ «tllligence, - *% ' * f '; >/: : . Dion of tons of shipping annuS^nteX^s^^^^^^^^ , '?'"' I ''''J\t' I ^dthatthepeMentaglofbsse/hashpinn^^^^^^^ be r/"' .v^ j . N WdahandlriTchannelloi-theTevso^^^^^ ^ — - ')^ ^ if^ The tonnage inward and outward hx, olo r ^ iThe disasters at Key West for t}i« »nr«« Inber. and on the uppTr St law^ence Kfi' ^^'% ^^"* ^'^ II Mpntreal, two huncCS and slXSee' whTrH ^1" ®"P^"°^ Ive steamers, three propeUers and tSl ' 4?^^ *^^ ^porter, lof existence entirefy'^ ' f "* thuty^even sa^hng vesseirwenj ^ bebnging to the uSteTK^igd'oLX'S^^^ ^'* °' "^^^^ "^ Khanextentof landlocked na^gaSn as thp s* t .between the pibt.«x,und (neT,^ sZfnav^L/rT? P'^ « be, m thick weafc, or snow ^tS^ ^K.^^ Atlantic elt not for the great width of ^tin?!?'; ^,°"«d««d hazardous, «J-five miles. S averaSn?ov^?XTtT. ' i"^'^^''^. ^««« ^^ •W near the channTlSX^LttS^r^pl^ 418 H, Doc. 1< , t J ;» on iinprrine ffuide. On entering the rivei fi^ weaAer>e lea^^^^^^^ ,ay toth. pilot-ground, the south 8^?'*P^' ""iSwlv that a vessel may at any point deter^ the water shoaljng so '^XLe within a mile by the W alone. ,„ine her distance ^^^""^^ ^^oacHh^ shore within this (Ustance. while at all points she ""f^PP'°^^^^^^ Monts, (with a light-house one The admirable posxUon of fPf ^^f '^^^^^ ^^^ a bold shore several hundred feet above '^^^^^^^^y^l'SL^e, forms, with its anchor- ^:inZtsSrtcZt:l p^rof departure for inward and out- hances the val-^^f ^^^ ^^^ ceSro?^^^^^ steam navigatio^ mumcation with ^^^"l;^^ J^^^ drawbacks to ocean steam navigatior' and commerce. ^'^^J , »„.• u ^^^i be carried and the resistano are, the quanUty <>y^;f J^^^^^J^^^^^^ which a heavy sea o^^J^^^^^'E^^e reduced to a minimum. Tb On the St. Lawrence route tee^e Newfoundland, or t. distance from the coast o^ 1^1^^^^ ^^ ^^^ -^ fo„„d i, Ae straits of ^^^J-^^^^ w sfeUb qualities, at several points L abundance an^^of^cel^^^^^ of the voyage to Que- the Gulf ot bt. ^^^^*^"^,. 1-, smooth water, as the steaiser will «e.m »f •«*« '^]'„^™rof SX are now receiving m^ inasmuch as the g"™"^'" f' „~.^amers to ply upon thBio during the sef"" "'"^^^^^t Portland, for the present, andM - "'?^^^fb^.^XSfS'««inducen,ent.whie.,M» course— in Other words, to the SBA-TRADE OF CANADA. \ . lo^fOupbec is timber, and hitherto her U-. The great staple of ^^"^'^''^^^le Montreal being the point wl been chieHy ^'^^^''^^'^.fl'Z^rT^Zce are excha^edfa the agricultural, exports onhejlgrj^^^^ districts. The tui aupples of fo^.^g^'e Ottowa rWer, (which, with its numeroo. is chiefly suppUed by tb«."^^J^ ":^r' Lgrten thousand square important tributaries, drains an area ^^'^^^^'^^-^.rth shole of ^ ofTefinejtpm^be^ng^bnd.)^^^ Oii i afk)> whudria d rain ed Dy^a ^^„ — - ^ ^^^^^ escaping the o^n water of ^^^^'^JJ'^ „give process of ra ^>i, f«L ? ^^'"'^ thirteen or fourtppn The Mowing shows TeTumbe"^f/f «-«r half a million" " U outward in Quebec, with Se ex "1 '°?"T ^^.^^^^Hs inward ading article,) for the last eight years /^" ^Kite-pine timbe., (the 453, 8»4 584,540 572,373 489, 8ir 457,430 481,287 494,021 586,093 11,950,138 16.888,880 14,399,220 8.686.440 10,7gA680 ll>02I,«iO 13,040,iaO 15,941,600 teS&rwKi.^/fiX':'^;!; any year p.™„s .o^;;: »7, .^^» """" *»*yy cleared nut «,;*k J"' -^ i^'^viuus to issi 551 Je .««&r of vessels o7^^Th le^ V^T^' °^ ^^^'^^O- & «n that of any former ve^r i? 'I' ''"^ *^^ tonnage is ineateT ^ value of exports from On^W i ?** "^^^ reduced, ^.which r^ n^Srfy o^'Tuif^^^^^ ^^ market jWce £S when the pi^ce of timber w^ Wah£ TJ* ? ^ greatest jMdjWhich is tile true mZ^e Tth^?. * ^^''""S^ ^^ tonnage Was the articles are ireneS m^lJ^ i"^'^ ,°* ^« prosperity of M in value aa the^^ "'*'"^^^««.^hi'ihdonot fc^te 1 I ! O. , -tT » • ' J r • i Jli' tir . * " -'iif r I .: ^ [1841 [18(3. .^217,917 . 216,670 . 402,227 . 655,869 «871,668 866,680 1,608,908 2,683,476 490 1845. 1846 •* 1847 1848 1849 I860... 1861 ...•• •• . ...^ ' £712,398 760,983 796,917 574,208 ,r. 438,673 686,441 . 833,904 $2,849,593 3,003,932 3,187,668 2,296,832 1,754,692 2,745,764 3,335,61B f e^m inland, which for 1861 includes transit .S^^forStS^-ho..asfoUows: goods for Year. By t»- Inland. ,S130,988 162,912 756,588 Total export. jel,241,215 1,297,523 1,594,394 $4,964,8 5,190,09 6,377,5761 1R49 . $4,833,872 1860 " - 6,027,180 irr.:::. 6,021,988 ___— — — ^ ' — " " 1 • ^f milwav and other iron, ii toUcy of the mother country. ^ sea-trade of Canada, it bt ^fo order, however, to P^^^f^^^^^S aTone port. The value of r^eZry o treatQuebec «^d^°"^5etten double those of Mont ^r^f Quebec is generally «^^^^^ This! w&e the^irpports of the latter .^e^o ^^^^^ ^ ^ ,^y,, difference is sensibly lessenM^mto^^^^^ .^ transit to we becoming the point o^.^X Sv m^'^«« "^^ ^'^''^ ^' "^^i States, which will relatively rf^^^^^^rt, no corresponding decl wWleVas she wiU always be .^^^f^^^^^v^^rf the largest burden rfhei exports is to be ^^^^^% ff^e anproacf to.Montrea brought up to Quebec ^y '^^ ^^*;,in Lake ^t^ Peter, giving at Sted by the «h^ll?Tfnd is bTdeSed with a towage a^m^ vrater ody thirteen ^^^'^ f^^^^^ rdeTpenina Ldce St ^ currentof the nver. The work o^^^^^ ^^.^ ther year or progress, V^ith ^^^ J'^^^Pf.^^L may come to Montreal ?e Jels drawing ^.tr ntreTare fr^uently obliged to hghte a Vessels loa(fing at p^tr^f, f f ^^g^d are, therefore, reclea« tion of their cargo through ^e la ^. ffps which Btop°t gueH rfteSe coLnerce of the two ports. ^ j^^^ ^nd river* ASSi!by means of the ship^^I'^^t^Tand cdthoughthereguM of ^aLry on - ^-^jJ^^S^rtik^-^^^^^ lequire their exports to be reported at i. ^^ „p ^m * HI Doc. lae. ^ lo the (bliowiW stalement tha • • iP** x-1- vytuiuua ports are innh^^^^ . ««! those under ^ontier bond for U^^CZtS'^^^/^^^'^Sta.. „ , , *^^ ^'^'^ Po«8 are included; 6m trade o/poris of Montreal and Quel^ r Jlmports at QueJ)ec, . . .$4,091,204 ■Impfflts at Montreal. . . 9,177 164 |JiDpart8 direct per in- * land ports, not repoh- Exerts frS^I^^*^ 2,503,916 ports dir( ' edekewhere 3 1 aa qi /» P"*"*^ ^""1 . . .-. .^.144,316^ J)ortedels( „otal imports at and ~~~~ '^^^^}. expoi^ I through Montreal and ^ !l ^^ '"land n 'Q"«^ «16,412,684 fhich makes the cross valu^ ^c *\ t.l.«d Quebec t >S5,^:„lf ?„^,\P;« « ^port-trade of M«.. Shijp-buUding. , fc^tenteSg'^^^^^^^^ ^ ^'"'/r °^J"«««l« b"'' t rCe from ^^^^ largest^^lass Ve*! J.and there has been latelySlXd a\ i'^°° *°"« ^"^ "P- J' to mspect and class the ships ' * ^^''*^^"^ " J^^ds sJfl l«averj|ge cost is as follows: ./, - - Band spars / Mete for sea..".*.'!;;::;;; ••••'■••••22 to 830 per ton. ■^number built were, in ^2 to 40 " [m 24 square-rigged, 18,687 tons,-) V Tow ton.. SS 28,828 '« /an^Lii f 19,909 S'S " " 29,184 « P^*?'^^r*^''aft,j24 396 P^^'40 " " 38.909 « 1 "^'^"g' "1 all, j 30,387 -' I 40,667 ^^ond tonnage, •"■^ "'^""•-■^•oU. lower colomesw.,: ? .J.,- Y^ ■ ■ s ,.«^, n * » _^ H» Doc. 136. 4** , g^jjfl via the United ,. V „-! Total value of Total value of Exported by aea-jExp^r^^a in boud.1 To^^^^^^ | ^^^ Year. $32i369 68,487 119,353 $148,940 260,681 361,144 1ft49 - S116,581 llto "■ .U 202,194 1°»"* r 241,791 1851 '**^' — - — ^ — „♦ nf the sea and inland trade I The following i- -^iSir of Canada, contraoted for 1861 I , r ♦v,^ imnorts at United States «he exports inland are ^» ^"^a^X^o? the sea n=jriy dd Mm-house^ This makes the ^f °" thi Ktoss trade of Caaada, « 1 Sat of the inland ''="^^^'^ J^'lVmrmnount to tm.wM Ifte of her e^rts and «5gf ^^^ $11,000,000 exports, hi ihich t24,000,000 are irajfttB, "Pi^^-^'gof ghips boAl tor iM rJ^ there should be mclnded *f ™'f 3,°^ J mdervalaalM gC* t least «.0««;«»»™' '^ h^'t^Mlestinrnteof *es SeTS^aSaTf iXXnot fall short of a value * *■.> either of imports in ™""".^;^, Uiercfore, no means of c»P t.,i.i>.he s^ple^o^^glg^^ya^a^^g-, .„ae; yet the ^.^ oTlSSOf The imoorts c/Uerei at inland pons, k, ^ l,Jf ^ ijsl/ ' -J |i£iii!. and inland trade I 1,006,028 tll,341,fl Total, $11,941,5 Total, $23,406,18 H. Doc. 136. 42S Montreal and QueBec $6 622 232 Ljnland ports 5,'491,'336 "*, Total. 12,013,568 $8,931,868 8,050,200 16,982,068 « 12,652,780 10,697,660 23,260,440 \J^&,tCt' *■"•"■ *^ '='"<'™- ^ "«l«r f„.ei Yew. bS49. 1850. 1851. Colonies. 8195,668 385,616 497,400 Other foreign countriea. 6167,296 365,216 939,976 gn coun- Tot«l. $362,964 750,832 1,437,376 ■fcfcrmer is, in a Sea" metS^H °^T' " The rapid i„crea« p to., U,e growToflrSpanlT West' S* *'* 't' '^'• fa, are reported fi»m "„d,erKfg„ couL?,''.''t''T'''^'' '» lower invoice. ^ t^ountries, in order to pass fc^r^vSfyira;^^^^^^^^^^^^ '" ^«^« -^ 1851, the only Sn as foUows : ^ ^ '''^" permuted to carry to England, ha ray. States. den, over. 1850. 45 vessels. a dp. w 'i*^ * '.-"It 1 >r • # *> 7t ^rtiV:' \ . ^ ■' 'lip* "f ' I I It r»>dd„g 37,554 ,oW.) (maki„V80,7T6 ten,.) ^tfc;^ o^t^.^" *''!!»■- <"■ '-"berk Q*bec, g„„. 1 '-» * ? iv, . i -hi :f» v^ m H. Doc. 136.' . „; -^„ the completion of the canals bas io^ports are rapidly inci^a^-g^^^^^^^^ The present reg letWn lake ^««^«^^J? ^JessS from descending below Montreal, ^d^SSuriou8to"Ss commerce. Port of Montreal. Latitude r 31'-^^'^^"^^'^'^ 73035'west; population in 1851, -^i^it^fatt^hea^of^a^^n^^ Jrce is -o-/Sr"uSro^^^^^^^ -^ .possesses w.bn Uself every tUe area, more numerous dpF ,^^j^^ „ , , ^qvusite for the support of a argejop ^,^^^ ^^ » Royal moun- Montreal is picturesquely situate^ ai .^^^j^ ^^ ^^^^ ^,^^ 1 tai!:- U Xch itta^es g^^J^XeS whichfboth in fertility^d fluence of the .^"f^^^"^^^^^ of Canada East cultivation,is justly considered in g ^^.^^ .^ ^^^ timber h.ghway to The main branch of the Uttaw. ^^ ^^^^^ Quebec, passes "orth «f Montr^^^^^^^ about eigW",n"l««,^f^^7i,Ue S . Louis, and joining, but not mingJ however, discharged into Lake »t ^ g,dt,d hng, at Caughnawaga, the .^^^ ^f ^"^k waters of the Ottawa wa^h^ Sis and tSeJJorman rap|d-^^^^^^^^^ Lawrence occupies the othel irrdo'fh?; fo^^^^ character until they are severa] LuS Clow Montreal. unsurpassed by those of any atyi The quays of Montreal a^f ""^ J :^^^^„ ^ith the locks andc« America : built of solid ^^^f "^J hey prfsent, for several mile, f^one wharves of the Lacb^"„^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ h^Is Like disDlav of continuous ™»?°'?'T^.„"„':„htlv warehouses disfigurei tSf the Ohio.ai^ Missi^sip^. no un.gM^^ ^.^^^^^^^^ J river-^ide. A ^road term^^^^^^ i^^n raiUng. divides d ;]: . Montreal being the termimis of ""^"J "^^.^i^ary quantity of "ancM « Se rapids of Ae St. Lawrence an ex^raora > ^^^ ^^ ^.^^^^^ d 'idXndage" ice is bro"g^ down o^^e ap^^^^^^ ^.^^^^^^n is first anested at Uie delta entenng 1^ ^^ested ice, is H the city. The surface here, bein^ co ^:j. ^ ^^ ^^ mill-pJnd,) but Peeked, and ja^mea^ ^^^ river.wh.cl.tb Siyacotisiderableppmonof hewa^^^^^^^ .^^ ^^^ ^f d U uwn commences to nse m o™",%'y,„|,or remains permanent^ Kwi«pr level of T^^^^^f^rab^'^e 5^^^^^ onKcovena a point some ten or fifteen leet aoo -t-A.*-.. ;:i^' lulation in 1851, ^ iboc, 136. ,425 wharves, which are invisible until thp rlpno^, r ^l . riverhas become sufficiently ekvated to 86^^^ °^'^^ ''^Z -^^^^ ^^^^ the floating masses on its surface aL &,^?rbmfnPlT^n ^°' "^^^^^^«' thenigged aspect of a quarry; and, aE^ver^l^ ^^1^^"' presenting surfece attains a state of rest. The adinr ? ^?"^"^sive throes, the U, when, after some magnificent Slav. ?/h ^/^^,? ^'^^^' *« [j^e departs . ^., .,a IH twentyZfe^ S^XK^TS .stations of both.floating and suCe "Tic^ ^^^^^^^^^ momentai^^r. ibove mstanUy nses until a "head " nfJ? • P ^' ^^^'^ ^^^ "ver ' jifully irresistible. The solid cru^,i b b> r f„r„,er ye^r, bft l"'S^t"F^«'^rit f ^ ^ «, because at that time all imiSrts for llS., <^ . ^'^ «1 in«»rd at Monf^al, but, siacXe cj^ninfe sfllUn- [ TJe trade between Montreal and the United StatP, ;« Atsm^ i • u Uontier «,rts of St. John and Rouse's St on lX Kn^-"^ W cannot be separated. ^^ t^hamplam^ Kr' '"'"'"^ ** -^""^^^ ^^ St. John from the UnjM TMur. Hontreal. < 632»20g T 772,104 1,081,372 St. John. Total currency. Total dollan, »M13,-640^ 1,477,784 1,947,462 ««36,it83 662,472 767,206 •%^ •. . .' • IT *.* 2,249,888 3,038,824 t!:^ • * 4 V ,f •i;''j '^f ^'vl • r •1 ' 1- '•'xna. iv i\ U 'I r — (T — '» ^ — ■ — 1f * I' ' - if rs * J s r •r/ '% 408 The exports were: fj028 X2i4,836 , 906p6 , ^rts at St. J(ln X^s -__ iiifkncl lumber. Large quantities, m Si^et thrqugh Lake Champlam ; but, the most profitable, m^ imther aU n ^ tiit^nA ports. ' -. *^ ftP thSnland ports is somewhat compllcaterf% the man- ' t£ fmotrts These "consist of fout class6sf>iz: Im. ner oi iniu^g tbe imports.^^^ ^ ^ Imports import^ m bon j pbrts P"rc%^d^ii^,«J? tlo q Imoorts by sea, via Mot^al and ijk)ugb thfUr^ted SuteS' J. Xf^^^^ fcia^aeX r^orri^Zce^of the consumpUon- of ., P**"^' • ' ■ -^.^mhtaAland ports, of which about thirty are '^Thei^ are about ^^J^^f'^ ^hfS of the greater number is ex- warehousing dnes. 9/5^^^,^,'^^^^^ or bonded articles. .iusively wftb die Un^ed f^^^^^^^f^e^^^^^^ establishing a direct But the more «?r ^^^ Jjf poC^S the^ow colonies, ftnd very "^M^^ Sn fnVS'inCfisheries, for which they can fit^ ind provision at the c^^^^f XT'^ ^^^ United States is almost wWl- ^ As the uade between panadaand t^^ tmue ^ ^^ ^TSfolSi^g^««™--how, .helper. fn,m, ^ Canada for the year 18 51: _^:^^ In bond. Free Total 1,593,324 94,464 3^312,260 Foreigti under bot Do.noturi(|erb"' Tpjtal. . w»* • *| ( 949 P .. ^l ' Ti» decrease in Kased quantity • -■■(» . S: H. Do*;- 18». %*%;",' ! OUi ^tercourse between Canada and the United 8f»»b the JbUowing. statement nF !u . ^""ed btaffes may 161,; ^ siatement of^ the tonnage inward ahd '%' V- . . . / Inward and otitward. l»eim,A^ricw[i IftNmBrituh ;.'. ••• l.»77,84l>„ _^. |y,imeriean 1,409,678 J 3.387,51»^ ■""■""-■^ 293,537 > ,,„, 408400{ '^01.937 Total inward and outward, toM. .%#. 4,089,45^ ^ iThe comparative values of exports and.imports have been- Year. li.^ Importe from Canada. Exports to Canada. «3,582,059> 4,513,796 3,312,250 84,971,42^ 6,594,860 8,936,23& ' 1. +* iV/ • V. " '^Sfli;:; ! # It , ."»'■; ' V * < * 1... ft^ feis nri^wpi^^jri 1. - -^ . • ;;;*" ^ " "^ ^ ^ 480 ^ H^ Doc* 186. From the Uidted Statei. Port ■ ' iwrrs;r's.»-ii parts. Toronto ff ^ Hamilton ^\f^ St: John 3,216 Kingston 11.^^-5 Stanley. rVoiG* BrockviUe 3.246 Prescott -^'^^^ OakviUe •rVft-yi' Cobourg. '*'*'^ $2,601,9? 52 '2,198.300 1,948,460 1,026,292 292,636 239,712 122,462 • 212,844 14^,376 $1,526,620 1,049,766 1,774,696 916,912 - 284,872 164,768 106,936 42,676 126,464 •The pn.gre.ss of U,e W«>d ports is shown by the values o. i.p. for the following years: «, . , S788,900 HMaa^n 1,106,692 f:J°^^- i 303 788 Km&s^". 161,608 ■Stanley- ---1 ^gggS BrockviUe .^ £aultSte. Marie are by tN route. «« v \^ | >!Ah,Vi!i > i,^>ilii£Mik0kjt ted Statei. Duty ooUe'cttd. S236,780 165,124 244,492 ^2,584 47,232 28,0361 11,3161 6,2$il , 13,940| lues on import 1851. }88 L32 JSi 940 462 940 564 ,244 $2#1,98 1,948',4 1,026,4! 292,« 239,7| 2m 142,S ! Stanley^ Dovj oronto, ^amill «rhitby;^M in Lower Ca jttenye^n, B been equaByJ jress to nave H Upper Canada! of nil the I igh,ijerliead, 36 noticed, viz:j f of the import ^Ho say what I a. 4m. ^ tk Doc 186. river, at Albany, and lake E^H B^ffyo' ^'IT '^' ^"'^^^ Britain is shorter this way than bv the lak^n'i ^ *^, sea-route to or Boston. All the supples md e^ns StL H ^''"^''S'' ^^^ ^°^^' ^carriedby sea; i alTho^Hrseton "?! " f^^-^^^ toted, yet it embraces an importL p^ Tthe yi^^^T'"''' '' ^^"^ «;S^r^r "'^ -Ues aS'i.porLt as I^g the 'imports and \}hme imports (principal articles) into Canada in 1851. from the United Slates iTea ,. iTobacco ICottoa manufactures . IWoollen ... do |Hardwai^<),do f-ware land shoes er manufactures. Articlei. er (tanned)^ . . I(iwtpaim) % >•••••• I I manufactures. [ irubber.do.* . . . w-.\'! ! * * * « « • • • • I '•••••••a _, numerated. #■' •Rrtalvaliieord-ufiibfe States in 1861 . . . imi tsfrom the United ;:%i' • ^tv.-c $893,216 403.860 666,124 446,260 • 318,844 63,724 86,768 42,692 47,388 89,204 126,232 47,804 32,996 19,920 278,460 19,296 79,816 ' 19,828 38,662 44.264 80,768 63,960' 12,680 116,988 81,144 7,644 3,922,044 7,143,384 'K~: ■^^■•: ! (princij^ l^)f^Canhda toOieUf ntedStatesinmi Articles. Qnantlty. 1 Value. Ashes, v-,-/ ' feet. 113,416 Luinbet:^^./ _. 12,374 Shingltfe^-*---,-'-","-;;; ..head. 12,989 Cat^ef« kinds and sues y ^^ ^-^^ Horaeft^f-T^* .pounds. 163,644 Vfam-^ bushels. 708,400 Whiat barrels. 331,978 Flout- bushels. 146,662 Barley and rye- ..do... 85,200 g^uis and peS» .do. . . 617,405 Oats -Jr ■* .' jt .cwt.l 3,660 Butter ;..--.•• Eggs '.'.dozens. 474,481 .Hi " lti5,99-2 766,6281 2f),732| 14».lll 185,B13| 41,8961 491,760| 1,181,4 75,69 ,41,68 135,70 ' 38,0 1,1 4,929,0 leratedp ■ ?''^UvM&-*eipotts«. United Slater. In concluding tl|jr?Sl *f i^" boMdedl export and mott Rowing *e natn.«|^ <3^^^ ^ideinlapd via the Umtt^Sl. ' * ♦ -w and Bo«ton l»oc* 186. m . The. following statement shows the val.,^ of i bond to Cwada, frjm the sLe ports 7 ^"^ transported in Dry goO(ls . .' " Iroadiron S66,942 108,534 107,049 20,306 27,7^6 15,820 19,516 , 2,255 / i0,029 13,158 16,206 19,007 115,544 545,142 1«,709 28,046 3,162 ' 560 338" 13,388 590,771 S585,499 . 108,534 107,049 • 28,381 28,712 16,820 36,226 30,301; 19^191 13,718' 16,206 19,345 128j932 1,138,913 'eleiof bondeJrapbrt. The foUnw^L^^ A '""?■ ""^ principal ^ree years : \Ut. ■X Received. Wfce^. Mnni ititjr, Value. Fl»ur. Exported. Wheat Qnantii^j Yalae. 330^74 #2324250 72^653 504,715 712,4031 481,213 I. Qmmtity.f Value. Barrth. 210,452l$777,416 28248801,036,218 Flotai-. itaty; f Value. Qu«%. .Vitae. # ^,730 ♦216,369 206,343 ^'iM 475,311 262,037 2W - 846.814 513:i4l ^^^^ t^S 1.756,530 14il8,17B 743,084 2,660,44ep;i:;^ r;;7n £; a!4633f7l '22 $787,891 966,649 602,684 8,337,13*- i9 « * ■■'■ f V'%s'\l r ■ / ^r '^^14 til. iiiKu ip' TotaU in three yean. Exported. Quantity. YllM. 1,478,704 633,728 mi ^ "" TTiR49 include the export to Canada; u The foUowing returns, unull84y.»n^ ^^ iheilasttto J^ 1 Tnarate account with Canada w ,^ observed that sui "'^rl't^fSCly tot^« lower colomes. It wui^^^^^^ ..^^^i „. y^^ f u Jnmestic" exporl; has decreasea. ^^ 1849^e Uniiea States ^^^^f ^^ qua^itity of, W fiirmshed UniS more than three times «»eq (. wiadian jlovr gainedj In^^Z Td that in two yf^^^^Hoi coUectively, the suppy DamMtio. 1 Foreign. (ft«mCma^) TotJ«,«t. 1846.. 1847.. 1848.. 1849.. I860.. 1861.. Flour, bbli 310,091 272,299 274,206 294,891 214,934 200,664 , Wbert,buA. Fkmr, bbU. rWM»». w»» ., 310,091 646,068 • • 272,299 919,068 309,789 306,383 198,319 216,971 '7,064 4,311 39,728 1 79,806 2,708 I 281,660 .... 299JW)2 '24,932 264,667 24,269 I 280,470 ^M'"'' 1 I :¥ $1^ FT J\ Exported. otlty. Yil«. 178,704 633,723 3^081 tt^ Doc. lae. ■■/'/>•■ ^^wiK' [lefrii^JvneSO. Ainericaa. noar. Caiudiiin. 9846 1847 B848 k819 1850 m Barrels. 310,091 272,299 274,206 294,891 i^l4,934 200,664 'TMr6odiiigI)e«iBmber 31. ^Tottrbysea.* Bamit. 35,162 66,196 65,834 79,492 140,872 164,766 Bounded via United 8tate«.t BamU. 7,464 4,311 39,723 79,806 TotJ, Taken by lower coloniea. Bmrnh. 345,243 338,494 347,694 378,694 394,429 436,236 t Year ending Jane 30. Hsving noticed the sea and inland trnAf> o«« . i Lpanmve statement of the trad^nf Pnno f P"l^^X' " ^"mmaiyand '^Le years is submitted The vale ^^^^ ^" countriesZthe •^f«r 1861 is here taken fiom cln^an L^^"^ "^ ^^ ^"^"^ with the like values of 1849 and iR?n J?^"*' "" °^^«'" ^ «>m^ " °' ^'***' ^°d I860, which were taken from the I source. iKwfc-From ninth line on page 32, read thus: lllie canal tolls levied by the Stat«ftrivr;<.«,v i « t p«»ing through her c^aS toward tidlJ^^^ °" ^""^^'^ P«>- V 1860 and 1861, as nearw r«nU L ^**.®'"' amounted in two dthoosand douiVj^dTro^rtv ™!? ^^f """«d. ^ over six hm^ Dtide-water, for thi 3 S S?ob2lv^°T^ *S? '^'"^ "^^^^ % about iur hu««lreT^T?ft^7ho„i^^^^ ^l^the Canadian trade tZ^^SL^ ""'^ ^°- fr • ^T" iV' f Ait* i ' 1 . ' I'M ^J ♦,# *' ■.•V-.--- ■ ••• ;ii f, . i ' 'Mil •L' I'" i i'njf ■ - [tlili , if sill ■ym% IF ,r 'mskf-^ t I # ii Ml P fHHI ^■ifei ^ ■■ II J, jm in i Hi''' c= ■* 3 « M o 2» 8* 5» TO ifc iK t^ ?? JD iS P kft § 1 3 x ■«? — I q^ Hff iiiiyi -» -" r^ t .-1 11 I 5* «^ 1 sli J'. ^^ r: i^. . I "•» o ■* -3 " I ". «> ^ : '. < '■pill 1) -a ■[- fl ' H. Doc 136, 48r In Dohe of the foregoing imports is the v^ue of railroad iron x. brought via Quebec, m transit fSr the United States C\Xa n\^Z ao^^ports mclude U.e value of ships built S^Q^u^be'ctdSL" he value oi transit goods for the United Stat# in 1851 was *7i>o t^nn ' V^riUo^ '"'''" ^^^^ "^^"^^'^ 3.^o'tons?at *''''''' *•*• - 1,404,000 tm^t^^" "J" ^''' '''^'''^ ^'^^^ f°r.^8si ^^isl v.. THE PUBLIC WORKS OF CANADA. ftontario" (exceeding, jwo hundSl tjt T of^ome ^Z^^^^^^^ Us of various lengths, W twelve miles' to one miir(bm in the ^^Tift ;'^^"^"t "!i?^ ^^ canal.) having locks two hundred firi,"f i''T^ -?^ ^'^'' «"^ f««y-five. let in wSh, wuK k«»at^ tru^. from; 6pe hundred to one hundred and forty wiS fl T Til fik^T'#Pi\«*''*^" feet.water. ^^l ^'"^^ mm LakeJOnta|.tG X^e E^j^ an elevation of^hree hundned aftd" ' lirtyfeetis^rmoi^ted by a can^ twentWight^ifes inW.T w^3 ^"' f t^^? ^^^^'[^.-^ J^"*Ired id fiftytS long;?! temvl and a half fe^^ designed for propellers ind sa^l cfaft! t£ te!;.I rfTT*'"^ capa«Jty;do«ble thi, amount. '*^ ^""'^ / wXuaxs '^'^ "^^^S^"^" "'^yb^ set 'down at twelve mU- iThe^Lawrence cinalw^s designed for paddle-steamers #irh I r^d a. tugs^or.fo ascend . against tiie current bTfroTVhe' ?tfj^' T^'^/ ^"^t''«i^ ^«l«r inclination the JdTfSe J 1 not required in descdndin^fh* rfe.. Large steamers drawW fcn fee^ater. with .pa8s*gers\nd th', mUils, if^vj ZS W Se nom the morning aii4 reach the wharves a MontteS bv davLhf jutpassuigthrc^gH »Fingldl-KV iU sotne of?L Spid?£te tare about to giye the ma«L chi»nftef it all the tkoidsti i^nthnP fcotwater.when-^thfe wh^IellesQdnding ttadf b/XtTwT/fci ' Inver, leaving the canaU fc thLsceadiSg craft ^ S^ ^ JT* We o'nffin aI^^i^'^^^ °^^ freWedmerfrom ^e^ . Uke OnttfriO fo MofcSy i^ forty^ight hours; the rdles of fi^S * ,Vrt1 requirgr ^"v^'^T'^tIIo '"»J'V^P*"■ **^ ranges" from^r 60 toiS LTSrit'v .1 '"^'"2 ''■^''S'^^ onrailroad iron 1,1 year from W mteVJy T^ ^' ^^"■•^f ■*""« »"^'"<*«d i" both cases. ' «« rates dre yet Actuating, as the lon^ voyage is new, ai^d are . ^1 If " J" IT* 4i8 Doc. 136. etc L^keT^ S Mo^e:^^^^^^^ toUs) .viU be broughtdo. totwentyccnts andonxron upt^^^^^ St. Lawrence' to Lake The construction jf ^ «^,P-can^^^^^^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^^^^^^^^^ \ Charpplain, so as to '^""^^"'f, P^^^. -jgration of the Canadian goven,. WhiteW, U «o^.^"f S^tSa '^Hh X Hon. John Youn|, chief nxent.. This F."ai,""^X in Can^ and there i. little^oub,. commissioner o P^bhc ^^^^^^^-^^^ ,^^ blic, that it xv-iU be speedilyj from the favor It h^receve^ 1^^ ^^^^^^^^ $1,500,000 aurf rrOOoCo and^ts^oStru^tion is in'dispensabl^ to protect the rev] $2,000,001) ana ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ competition of the Ogde J enves of the bt. i^JJ^;" ^i^^ ^f guch a work must produce n ,J burg^raihoad. ^he consu-uction York canal, wher.a J KtrXyrS^t^Aoton-^argoe^ which have ^ %telnoting ,how.« P'"ff^Za'J^^ll"^°"'°'"'^'°' teight on the Welland canal in 1860 and 1861 . Down-trade. Wheat ^»«^^^« Com --^^^V Flour ...barrels pi ^^ tons. H^si br*dVMd"lMd oU. . .Jjounds 3,232,980 676,920 396,420 6,063 3,962,720 4,326,3 1,663,8 525,1 8,485,1 The increase is greater than shown by fese fig^es-jhe .jlun f.i^:. '^^ btaified that they j lat the freight ob L be brought down ,a\vrenco to L;ike| to Burlington and | Canadian goveni- ohn Young, chief! ?re is little doubt,! it will be speedily! n |l,5OQ,O00 anlr to protect the rev-j Lion of the Ogdea lUSt produce a .dtJ i canal, whereup d tide-water m tin navigated, witbu ; days ire indication of del les of up and dovi [ canal in 1861 aij e St. Lawrence, a —the revenue which have passe clesof upanddow im. \ 8» 4,326,! 120 l,663,f 120 525, )63 G,' l'20 8,485, gyres— the columnl 1851 shows the enq ot being attaiimbk H. Doc. 136. Vp-trade. Articles. „ilroad iron pounds Cast and wrought-iron nails arid spites pounds >nefal merchandise ... do . . , logar, molasses, and coffee . . do . . . Pig and scrap iron Jo. . 1850. 75,803,840 16,486,400 17,958,08t) 7,781,760 6,648,320 1851. 156,784,320 26,093,760 24,064,320 19,350,320 14,519,680" legn.s tolls received from the Welland canal in 1850 were $151,703 ^"^ do 1851 SOO.OOO ST. LA WHENCE CANALS. , "^" pounds fandicrap iron ...do.. gfahron nails and spike^ . do . . , and earthenware . do . tons. .■ ..ft!" Vis-...,! M^ ' Vj M ,# , , ;■ ' iMll I'i i\ liflilfPli' 1 ^ * «' i ^ ci» .. m. ,j 440 H*'Doc, tB6i Vessels whibh passed the several canals during the year 1861: British. «♦?. Welland canal St. Lawrence canal Chambly canal .... BurUngton B. canal St. Anne's lock Tonnage. 3,367, 6,666 1,517 1,998 ^,926 15,444 363,221 606,197 ' 81,594 380,649 99,561 Tolli. 1,430,172 Xl,628 1,447 193 230 309 3,S A nerican. JVelland a St. Lawrence canal. Chambly canal Burlington B. canal.. - - St. Anne's lock • 2,336 278 210 635 . 61 Tonnage. 409,402 21,013 9,147 101,261 2,846 Ms. 3,42» 563,669 £'2m m 271 6l| 31 2,5J Total British and foreign+l 8,874 vessels; 1,973,841 tons; M ^6,407. The total movement on thi canals for 1851 and three years prevk is as follows: ,, --- Wellatd eanal. Tons ,..., > Fasfliengere \ Tonnage of veaseU . if 'ij 1848:: 1849. . 30T,611 • 2,487 372,864 •V II- -861,6§6 1,640 468,410,. 1850.' . 1»1. Dd&,600; 1,930 688,100 ?^?65p - ■ !\" *% \','*\ year 1861: • Tolls. 231 £1,628 197 1,447 594 193 649 230 661 309 172 3,809 % - ;e. Tolls. >,402 £2,436 L,013 6( ),147 27 L,261 61 2,846 8 3,669 2,5» )73,841 tons; toU hree years previoni 1850.* , , 1861. ■ ' »,v 396,600;^ 1,930 668,100 772.65 Hif Doc 186. St. Lawrence ccmal. 4m ' W^: Tons... ' Passengers .' Iforaiage p{ vessels- . . 164,627 2,071 5,648 213,153 26,997 5,448 1850. 288,103 35,932 6,169 1851. 460,400 33,407 6,934 C/iamhly canal. V, I M 'if f i! • 1^;; fODS , lassengers .* lonnage of vessels. . .'. 17,835 470 659 «i - • *• 77,216 8,430 1,264 109,040 278 2,878 110,726 1,86| 1,75 ^t» 'i^ >-» Vi \- w ■ ? ' i» ■ J' If ', I. x-"'' * I The receipts of 1861 were £7a9ir^. ^^^ t,..^^ Lin the tolls ofV Erie 3 w 1846 ?r ^^''^- ^^S u'^"^" ' ^ « •■ / ^Ai / •[ ' M.Welland canal first p^e nrseriou; on Jn^^^^^^^ .^ ■/■< 1'^ It t tferough Buffklo. The policy ofTe Stote 0^^^ v Tk'^''^u '^^ T ^ ■ I* K. 4 I", t f tytoobt^n the largest ^ssiKe^^^^^ • ^ J- '^ ill if: otect her own manufactures and products aanincVrC fl- " i-" ^^ .quarters; ahd' tliis she has been enabWl l5S^^"!! "^"^V^^'^^?^ from .c«,mplish. By levying discr Sti„g tSls Thu°, T'" '^'^^^^^ Wed from the western States bV a rf fe n/;^!! ^"'•^.'g^rSall was «. The loU upo^this aS in I84I tr! T ^''''"' ^^'"' "'^^°'« mile, or $21 78 per ton of 2 onn it /^ three cents per 1,000 lbs. ;) while the oU u^; Ne^ York sfaS S""' '''^'^^^«"^« P^^ bar- tof that upon the^o^ign^cle ^nimc II" T^^ «"«-thirteenth ced one-half, ahd a still greater amount on Npw V«rt «♦ * i r «»w|W»e tnwiiieht aad heavy .rtductions in tof ;(! ic/'i&io' .\v.,,::\^ 442 H. iDoc. 186. s^'"' M^V ''1 " I' ,4 » A -■ ill canal, since the WeUand and St. La^reSce ca|e >to ccpeti^n ^^*^^^*- 1 . ^ flmir and wheat ha^>e|.reduced thirt>-.three Jn the down-trade, fl«"^^"^j.;^, ^^,x a h^ mate to twa mills ; , pork, ,er pent.; com and oats, ff«^*°^'^^^"^a ^ half mills to one and a half ,acon,-lard, and lard oil, ^^J beer, cider, vinegar, from four and a Jll; beef, butter ^^^'^X.^^Zerf^er arlicle of down-freight h. half to three mills. Aimosi ^ J ^ discriminatiQn m fovor of pot . undergone like reductions L^^^^^^^^^^,*^ -^ jjeW York Statefas J ^nd pfurl f-^^rirS^IrfSTo-^y a discriminating toU aga^t been abandoned; the btate r ^^.^untries. - . M^^-^ ' salt and gypsum from «\1 ^^ |^^^^"^^^^the whole Mfestern count^^:oul , There can ^^^ ^ipon ^W exports and-imnons, . m«ci have been annually taxed, d^)«i V ^ .^ ^^^^^ to^swell the revenue , larger amount than i« "^^^ Pf^^^^ ^^ ^he healthM comnetition of the of The Erie canal, had it "^^j^^^^^^ railroad Canadian works. *As an -^^U pTr U)n^f 2,000 lbs. The amount i,on since 1846 amounts to ^ 44 per ^^^_ of this iron which reached Lake Ert« m i . ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^^^ L Bv Erie canal to Duflalo- . - . .. ^. -• - - - • ^^ . _ .166,784,3201 Bv WeUand canal to^Lake Erie. - - ; ._^1 ^ ■ ' -• ' , S03,66Q,7flJ " f «i nhn 1V^« • and the reduced toll on this one ai^ equal to 101,830 tons f ^^.^^^ ^J'.^^ J^^^^^ by the late H J t2le would be.^«553,955^20. I has been^^^^ ,eq^ 100,000 t«j Robert Raotoul, jr., M. ^"iTv'" g^ ygajs, uponwhlfh theyr* of railroad ifon per -""r/Sfon ^ dSl Js less, U tolls alo,e, J now pay more "'a".]*^" .^^"^S^'^ they would hfiCve paid before J^fr^a^flour, and 160,000 tomi^ Again : ovet moeo ^tons ^^7^^^^ ^^^ard from Buflalo in mi corn?from,westem State*. J^e^ 1^^^ from the ^ the reducuon on the to»«.f ji* ^ fl^^r, and ^O.OOOtoJ ffJ^^VtS^^^^^^ , ^^^^^^^^ West, as well as the TJ^f^J'^^Jin V trSit dues amduntJnj] constnrcuon of thf «^H^tr^S^tpon tobacco are ik tJ ,cr€5ater tt ** going /»^'^^ lia nwicle from the lower Ohio, Mmsm ... %t;y it is ^Ve^U^J!:r^tS^t.^^^ through th,s cand .^ &c., to Ae'ea8tern,Stajes ana tpe j^^^^^ In respect of other i d iscrimioaaonm dtfecti o n h a^b^naD^^^^ disUnctiQO^' cies,"^^ wi l l m io ww iUi U»Woft. D Prmi n ^ h f ■ "■"■ ^ made on. the W^ijian^. ; . ^^^r,i'\n hk" renort on the tolU, i the Wellapd caft&l : . ^ , „ 5^J^ BuffiiliNoOiWego bail ^. The diverBiwa of w«««ro trade ftopa W'f"*^. . •; J ..-?• '*■ into competition H. Doc. 13'a. -Ob 443 ionsidembly affected tferevenue.: -^He there h-^i l^»o„ ^c*^^/: ""^ to of >is trade entered the can«i at^zJ^U in 18^ ttn in isl T yestorn tonnage "commgn ^t O^^^o haf /W«^^]bv J^fird! "^^ The State engineer of New Yori, iri his 4 wt?4 k *°"^-r Wing the uecessitv of the ^' I'herc Iwbich can take freight at a chchp^rra}/-^^ s^^^^^^^ Idensbur^ railroad. ^ says,-. -EtE i, ^f """," r'"^ **^ ^^^g" y chefper routed hj Je^ to SVSam„hin t'' ?'^ ^ %-hend d, petition fl?/*eiVort^/wfrich wij ^.oduc^^^^^^ to^opefnto com- mon thart the above. The St bv>h.f ? 7 "ife^^"^ '^''' '^ Champlaiti may;find. cheap^^r tran|S t to New'S t;;\°"t.-^^^^ |ltwiU«of pass throligh the Erie canal '^ wfll r 4- "^",ff> Boston, baay by cheaper routes," 'LaSly! lesavf ^r d^^«rt«i ,from Al. Ltyet>fected. all their WQ^k?.' AH S, ' ^^f^^^ ^«^d Boston hive A?^ motion. Their pCare u^^^^^^^^ '^Pi^'f' ""'- iMy-they are the resuUs of good mZJrZ J^T^''^ ^^ bhndnessor Lrted last year via &eL ?L Se IZ?, ^^T'"'"'' P^-^P-^^y) - JKec in biast in qutst of t raber wSlTin • " "f^?""^g« ^"tering - fcjother heavy Wes a» abou7£l7^e "^f,'" '"""^'r"' ^^^t^-^^It; Eicles to New ¥6rk. WhTLr2r^nJfV'''^u''^'''^''^ «" ^^^^^^ - .jsitionol the' two ports is reversed--' if ;« th^'A * i ' ^"® Uat Quebec, wh?[e atWrYSflol^has beenT ^T^^^^ich W sterling per bkrrel to Liv^rpix,l ' ''" ''^"^^ '"^ *^^ «« rWhenihe effect of the! repeal of the mvlcrn*;^^ i u • kfisels into Xiuebec than -arV required foJt^Z 1 ^'Tf^ ^?'^ ^01 the Jakes may pour down thL St I .w^^ ' ''"T^'? ^''^'S^^' ghta,me.down to a stmS which w^HT^^^^ the rates of ^ pment from the^lakes to £w^l via t^^ T '*'^ '^'^J^ ^°^ ''^ »via New Yorki "-"ropa vm the St. Lawrence" as favorable , >HE MAdOAXSN INLANDS. TjM,J.ij f.^,, ^ « ■ 'V » Im ' 4l ?; 444 iL W. ise. 4 » leagues eastward "^ ^"^^^,L Macdalen islands rise into hills, varying The central portions °\t,*^^,^X^ feet above the sea; tiJ from two hundred '^^^l^^^^f.^^^^^^ are found stratifioige- tops are roundpd. On the f»^^^^; ' ^j^^ RVpsum in the hollows posites of sandstones and ochrgbu? clays, wuu b>f Ud basins, and also o'^casionally in veins ^^ ^^ ^^ J^lTS^^:4^rZSt::i yit been and yet it is believed to exist in these islands. ^vnnrt On one of the croup ii ig although they also prosecute the heriin^ ana extent. ^ , ,qlnnds about two thoirtand inhabit- There are at present upon these, isianob auy ai^l'^S'aion^^wboma^l^n^ The fisheries atound the Ma^^^^^^^ afibrd a profitable return to tl^e mdi^^yo^^^^^ our^itizens couldhave ^ If arrangements wer^ TS' So"Vo^^^^ islands, and of pros^ the right of «f tUng "P faf ng S^^^^^^^ surroiKidlng seas, it U cuting the various prolific t^^^t"^^^" ' ^ „ ^n a wide field for their be of very great -5j-^tS'^^;^,;^^^:jrgl the ^arly and late 64 already mentioned, il ' ^tfnrhed to the government of New- These i«\^ds were I formerly att^ o g^.^^.^^^ ^^ ^,^^ ^ J foundland, but at pre ent jhe^ g'oup was granted by tho British gov] male fotieyer. . „^ i,,„*. ^f the fisheries exported from the! The value.of the various pr«*J^^^^/ ^0 f but K^is believed ibattia •Magdalen islands in 18*8 ^^^^ ^f *:Tn;od^9 cLried off in W did not include large q-«"t»^'*^J,lCs/ BuT^^^^^ amount me! vessels not cleared at the ^"^^^^^.h" m.pltion, and furnishd jioned is quite I'^g^ ^t '"''J^r of the fiLSin the vicinity of tl« ■^ roth the French red ftnd eighty to hills, varying 'e the sea ; tkir nd stratifiedWe- XX in the hollows IS to be unfit for yet it is believed )f the group il it roaching to ala« I the cod fishery, isherics to some | thousand inhabit- ;ry excellent, aiij ) prosccut0li(}ii). izcns couldhuvel ds, and of prose- ihg seas, it would ide field for their I arly and latefisli-| intagcs luivchecal ornment of New-. ;tion of the G;m[ y the ^BritiSli gov-l nguished servi^s;' i nephew, Captaii or, and to his kin ! exported from tli 3 believed tbt ih irried ofT in tishii n the amount tnen tion, and furnisiia I the vicinity oft" lustry, energy, Itb. '» . ■■'8'*'" y #:' f h*' # IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 1.1 11.25 lis ■iO yi 125 u I 2.0 U 11.6 6" '--J, . <■ ■ ^ScMices CorpQPation 23 WBT MAM STRHT WfBSTM,N.Y. MSM (716) •72-4503 « iJjRfc » . ! • i^. V^' I?* f .*» I • ^ . • k « • « a ■| ^ - > ^ • • • ( ^^ > t 1 • r t- — -..-... ....- ■■■-«.....^.— — --^--^- -W, :' ^ . ^ •• , , |i,fl>V,4^ < '•'m^.i-.. •wa) •© ;iO .o l'a« • • . CI • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • < ' ' ' m^'i ,v'al«jj.',fl£L«j(. ■ i ■ iiiUi moStocoS • •rf-; ;: ^■" • .mCt'^OKS-M'fvisn .S — 0»'O«x'»^ S§5? . •* ■» r- «r> in 00 :2S2g5f 8S2^" • o o • -H « • • iSJgSSS : :§S ;S • O 04 o — o> • •!« 'T .00" — t-t- • • o . • • • ^ ■ • • • m • 1^ ' let -too^ • • CO - O) o v> • • too ; : ■ .^ • , -G» -JOttX?! • . -IS , , •00' • X ^^o . tD (Tl O 00 • Ol Ci 00 O :8= . .toe»-*o • • •s" • - ■« — o !?■ • • •»- ■ . . 00 — si — • ; • n n • I 'V asei I iPllllil _ ooo» ;§:§; §g-.s.9il»g|!| S5i?K*«i5 w. H. Doc. 136. No. ir-Statment showing the tal«, «/• * ^» "^'^^''^z^^^i^^:^^ - -ch ^, '1''.|te ■4 -^ M. '4 - t'. : ' 'Mil- 452 H. Doc. 136. STATEMENT— Conunued. EXrOKTBD foul Ttloe Great Britain. B. N. Am«ri- United Stale, can coloniU' 16.416 4,184 61,564 67,644 141,740 80,100 10,220 12,516 )• ' 1&I480 ""5,*&92 '828,436 27,968 Oih'r couiitmi I ' 410, 596 7,592 »6,416 , 4,784 61,564 I 67,644 724 " 10,' 290 12,516 "w,m "'l',m IIOl,« 44,S BeauM Rein ^KlJtaceburg • • ' BruoeMine* Oaipf • ' NevCarliale Bault Ste. Marie JUvw Caatle E^anford . .. . • Milford •! Bond Head RuMelltown Total. ■~ ~~ .u . .nnntrirji than the United StttMWK The return, of exporufrotn inland porU«f^^ With.re«,.cttoth.« ■ ^.Zfal None are reported from Toronto, i"* '"»" ,. gt. t*wrence ; in which cue I f «!.K'exc«rti it is resumed they were made vja the ai ,^^^^^^j * '„ .,,,,,,...... ,. M'r^ i '■'* I:* ^ J:!.''*^ i^auMi? jKii. H. Doc. 136. ^r ited States. Oth'r eouiittui. »6,4I6 • ••••Mil 4,784 61,564 67,644 • < ••*■«<• 724 tioi,« 44,» , 10,220 • •••■till - 12,516 '"16,466 j 5,992 9,033,300 836,9 le United StttH IK • WithreBpecnoihtB nee ; in which cue i porta were ebtaiiiedS inland ports not ii . inland, in bond, ll " to the United S THOS. C. m5.—Cmj)arafiv<: ttafemmfnr: 458 . 4*. .' • > if I J ' ' I^ Article*. _~ii muialiitarea. M«)lln.,.,do nrdwin..do imdnhwire finathoe*. ber manufacture*. . Lgmented..,. 'luilfaMitfurU.S $«)3.2I6 403,^60 565, 124 419, 260 318,844 53, 784 85, 768 42,592 47,388 89,804 126,232 47,804 32,996 19,600 278,468 19,296 79,816 18.828 38,652 44,264 80,768 53,960 1^,680 116,988 81,144 , 17,544 4.780,372 8,788,712 (1> 061, 300 422, 784 3,583,456 2,741,076 1,946,058 65,336 92,620 49.460 100,544 90,368 172,678 183.513 98,224 32,31« 990,878 80,864 .. . ^"5, 796 ;^«'\»7,088 5 139,828 134,296 488,860 287,284 130,'^ 135,448 88,804 9, 880, 560 a«. 250,440 7o5, 588 L . , , , "• *ne'e, at some port, „„ ^"^'^-^•^^^ '\ THOMAS CKCEPEa &'"!'• iTofl import. f / ^<'K '.V ¥ i.fcti) ■ 454 H. Doc. 136. » j^o. 0. Value of direct imports from tta at ArtlclM. Te» Tobaw (Cotton maiiulurt""'-- Wo«*<^' Salt Gl««>* Coal Furx Bilk •»»'""»<'"'"■••• India nibbcr do Dvn^ulfii Ooffoe Fruit BkIk ; Ilueuumeratod Total value bywa. 3 S Q 1 *i>i---Wj ,• ' ... I,l''-2il9"'''**'l' 9«40 2U0 "i",:.66' 1,4(W|. g •f o IJ804 E ^ I 19 •i2i-|:::::!j£^3S^'if^l-i!i l^"^j 14,9161 16,91'J 32,7841 2H0 "■wb'.iwil.. SH9,'.HH >|[»,0«M , ia,'j»w "?.',«»' 4iii m\. 538 . ""b',2:>!'i ■lV3,16t< . "V:)o',46i !,;«« s,:i«L, 41 .. .iflO,71i! .li'-i. 1,178,892 18,lirts frm m «, | iJat^ftrU, via the 8t, Lawrence, in 1851. 45S c c e i ^ & ^ u ^ - 1 1 .... >-wi.. .:.... .... 8,716' 1 1 4|i 1 il I .Viu.iii i.iw;. '.'.'.'.'j'.'.'.'.'.y. Z^B: 9.'..4(Mj 3,041 iCU direct from «•»• »i « * Impoite J vi« HudsonHi Bay. TH08. C. KEEFE*. .« 4 ^« • I '4 « K«' 'J •. *% . . < f 'iii . ' -; "St J-" r^^v, ^il..^ ..".it *«4 .■' ' ] } i A' t I / I ,4 / * ' •[ f "•■ *" t'i f' fj ■' '!" t' 1 k ■ 1 * ' «, J ^J'A^<:ie\«iJ:.'i^.. 3.14 e^A^ \ iu ■I. » 3 H. Doc* 136. •.-82" 5i 35 "» t- "* .-22->*- i'iS-S i i- let '^-^e • ^H • CO •■" ' TSi • • ■^ 2 5i too* •^0« 0^^* o ^ ^ • : : : '.2 '• isS'^ : m^siisi^sssi s 2 5 s S3 So Si ::-"-:v-^- s fcSSs-- -'S5-'" i-'i's = 5- s s s s I iS"*^ -'g 'Zim tsi 1: cjpc U'zl W-l !:-==« V. ^» ^ cooT"" 10 *oeQ XI ■>» vs * 12 -I'D i £r3* * * Sir " - C t ' ■ —I i'»t s P e*5 — c - a X i -: ; ^1 e t - ; - -! ii?s tt I » a » . " <»: 1-4, J I Si; I ! • um w •o-5-il icV.A • QOCIOJ'TO = • C^V'NO* l"*; 3TZJSI ) « r- 00 o ((:»■«• = — rill lite w 3X00 tox I to -^ iO — 50!0ff»e>3 in 'I »s^.i § Hill QOhhP 1 ''"it m Id :|; 45d H. Doc. 186. ■al§ "2 -1 *) a. I. 'Sv 3 t 06 8. M 00 m - 1 » * '7,« ' oT , of t^ • I -r '«r'*oto^ -axal S'r ^' ■ B ^ O' »-• a 8. H . U H ii§issis,i|iss||iijsi||!.E| ■^ «^ e5 ^ ^ "O 5«rvo •-an) .of r-- i oi « »ft f" ch •'i^ I"*'! ^ 0» • s .(03 < .f* < 'i^M^n ,^ •ti>, and handspikes., Lath and firewood Shingles Cows and other cattle Horses i Wheat Flour • Indian corn Bailey and rye Beans and peas Oats Butter te::::::::::::::::::::: Copper, fine and pig Copper ore ■ Unenumerated ■ By sea from Montreal and •duebec *765,954 14,W»6 18, 464 18, 684 196,430 189, 876 1,518,528 416,232 64, 488 358.844 937,480 60,216 32,076 36(1 40 200 M4, 184 1,450,148 26,056 440 40, 208 2,272 195,728 From inland poftm $65,993 14, 620 'l60,884 16,524 1,372 774,116 6,116 39,600 20,732 140,176 185,848 491,760 1,181,484 From inland ports direct From Gaapc and New Carlisle. 35,000 1,359,372 7,836,036 265,924 221,116 75,596 41,588 135, 708 38,004 38,008 4l,b96 43,752 - i7,«ao 1,808,704 5,339,300 8,323,076 5,339,300 " Total. $831,915 H,i-!t6 18, 4M 1(*,661 196,42) m,m 2,095,6« gl,OI5 360, '4« 1,7I1,59( 56, 3» 7i,b;< so, 99) I 14U,-2I(| i'6,nii| 635;J s,g:ii.c33| 26,l<9(| 76,03(1 8l,iX| 233,:! 38,0 41,81 42,75; 3,iHini 13,li5,3J 3-21, 111 \3,imi The returns of exports inland are very imperfect, and will not correspond with the W^ ^irtlnr-^rtS^SSim that there is a '• -'^^ "fT "if'rtSI.S^SlN report is compulsory on aU inland craft proceeding to sea. 1 THOS. C. KEEFE8.I MoHTREAL, May 1, 1852. 41 ;.-i«»>!- r; ^.:M>>*f>" ' -H^;' / sea from Canada 165,993 14,620 160,884 10, M4 ],372 774,116 6, 116 39,800 20, Vi'i 140,176 11*5,848 491,760 ,181,484 '*75,'596" 41,588 135, 708 38,004 38,0(18 4I,!?96 43, 76-2 17,6aO 1,808,704 >, 339, 300 5,339,300 $831,916 l<,i-S)6 18, 4M 18,6i!« 196.420 2(M,456 2,095,6« I 81,01? 360,21? 1,7II,5N 56,39 7i,b;( 20,99)1 14U,-^I(I l'6,(l(i| 635J 3,g:ii,i;»| 26,l« «^ J i 462 H. Doc. 136. L o a s C s < ^ -Hi- O ■'I' «o o ) -« in ci .»» cj o > CO x) xxc ^ '^ >■ ,^.^ to 8 «5 ^r* «^ *^ lO -* " '00 rcoc^«ocof ; ;«^ i-i jj 1^ • • ^ S S : to Q. • .— f^iodxs JO 8n(BA imox aoo'X>oie»-5;'5'aos:7t5:2;2J~2(2! = 2£S :2?!ri':» a ■J •c cq .-a 03 « < e s 3 S ■ go o eo o 2} tn o « ; * l-T io"'»' cf of o? c< , to ■ »r So w2 •Sfi' • ^cotocooi -tow -< . in •say pu« aiqw»np BViudiui JO anioA (BiOX •pajjoduii ■pooS aajj JO oni«A , •P'»'9I .[03 Xjnp JO lunoiav R — e5- ^i • et^-^t^co^roO'^**^ •O ■'7) * . eoSeoxsrttOf t-"T5< „ J ; - CO -^■* «o(N S £< • E Ji! • (Q . -3 . • T3 - • • • r.» t* — • 00 O ^ • n • U • • give S«o r-oo wc- • :;; ' 4D •« : = oTi-^'Nt-^ • m .:= . I- . . mM'.^'H ■ o : : eo :S '.a : : :2:kz 1 : §8 (oaoTOtosoooooopJ-^O'^'t'aooiiBjcgsl CO ^ S{2 00 a^* •OOt'^C^OO 6<.ve4^x o^« - » »' paiiufi uioij Bijoa -uii «iq»!>np JO <»n|«A I (M,£3 loteoogatocttot cj'SaSStacftSoio; i^coc*cnt*tOw'.*co^* (Trc^''ofc'aoo5o''3«to"— — i? "^ T"T'-W'l JS • • • • s • • I'C = « _ S • r iaiilliillililliii^^^^^ ;: « ^ s V w « » S Sii S ; 3 III ni)MM| ^^' ■(._.■■,-■ : :22 : 11 .•0 • ;"" I •'!<] • »^ . . ~^ : :§ : : is . .« • • ■ O »-^ . . • • •iss: is •ooc ..c)n . . iqi ■ .0-00 • .« ■ O^r ■00 — • '23 • veo * . .« ; Id ; • -h- • «o . .1 . • ao ;" : s?ai is : : = K2SS£®^-e -to- rf"=r to « « 2 fs" *!j •»« J3l fill pad *i£i. ' .u^-, T-t 3 1^ CI HI •»«5iM -cue; ^ en -^ • JO 1; o If 11 •-^ • • • • I I r •iSS: . .CJiO ; .'S iSS • •ffl'o ••■.'si •2 : = •• •' -SS •S : : : : : lii^ • • ■a-oo . .t- -00— . . • IC>« : jsf :'" ; : • 857' • • • • • > ■ • ■ • 522: is : :5 : ig C)«1U ; :S : :- : i" r -. ■ ■ 7 ; ■ »S ■^ . • niac fss '-V^ 'Vr fc- tei r ! t J • 2sa«i>9>om Si *s :ssi seel So?. aoMt^ — i (••bV • "" -" "J • 1 is;'" "" :s '"re Hll^^il'^; • • • • • • • • . |::::: • . : : : I. . •* I • • • . • I. , . s ; . . . . . •J' : • • • : 9 • : • .• is: ...a; .jp. .- .c :.' i:.| : : 'i [•••", .'2 . . • e III 8X W. Doc. 136, 46« IS: 5g isg g|g irrs? 01 ■'aa' .'^'cn !§?•: •■< . , • • • .••••• * • • • • ! .0 ■ • . . w Eo o o o » __ "U T? -« .^ * : ; • • • :::•'•'''•" ••••! •"•••• ••!!• r:**-l*cr* • • • • • • • • • • • • :;b :: :; : : . .0 ; . . . . . ; . : :| ::::::; : :< : : : : : ; : ' •5 . • • • . • a . • ' • 5 . • • • • • 3 . • ' :5 . : ta • . • ft. . • •■" , •'3 . . • e . • \\i in '-'^5 |ir|liil » # ■5,! ^•?-^ * 4 * * '5 1 T " *■ . ' I • *^ • ' «^ a r /''' :«* ^.■\f^]' if ' ■* f • r : ? f f ■ If ' % - ' * * ;'- ' -J L ir . 45iSl^i,. M.M-.V .t'i4»>««4-J( 4m H. iOoc. 186. o(Ntoe» % 1 r-t-X W n>o eooxoe^tn 1-^f^^ vm (r»-< e*-* — cja CI »0 -^3ir3 O C*3 w tf) ^ -^i-a t-eo 1 !-.■<»' . « • . ■ 3 fS • •% r 1 Wall ic". ;i- 1 M l-l] i %/! M- ■; % ':M *fl r 40Bi H. Doc. 186. s So •g ■fl o M 03 •a S & 33 u : ^'^^ s 13 1 QQ p o u c s .s o \€ sr 3 c pa 33 I • « S a o •3 «-• p «« w g 1^- • • • • • • • • • o»gp • • -SOI I CTOl • ■ ■(Mr.J I a-. sr> 8' '-"8 ""^ "^"'' r-oo t~ o c* cc ^ o> 00 lA CO 00 c« 00 -^ ■weo • to •00 cot* VIA « • • • • ^ 115 o 4- coo l-O t-t- • o-^co -oca (Cm h 85 *a lllljj *««.39^-viU.«u.5ji& 50,492 6.328 . . • . — . '- - — too . • Q '•t. RpgiK Olare'npeville Freli]tb«|iur|i . Hererord .... (ford don.. ««d. . ft. Jolin un»n . Quebec .... Napanee . . I.a Beauce. Elgin Wallarebuis. . . 'Brueo Mine*.... Gaicpe.... Mew Carlisle.... Bault Ste. Marie Newcastle Stamford. Milfocd.... fctivtiini only the grow va;tte« at tlie different iate» of duties , ,^ > 'Wiwofflieegoodfw l&fV .ait ; ■ - H .:u' -. if;-: ,, y 1 ^ 1 " s r a 1 ii i \ M i*,;ii \t> *i-jH Hm' ;i| an 1 'A -J ! m ' "i^^w • •.•■I'i'.w 161 IM , i.W n(i . . I "tif 31' i..v,M 1211 aw, PUP -1 v., 44". 2.ft» ...1 ,0441 ,fW 4.936! »t. 80 1,416 604 164 »» I u«ewue veiy topeifcct-wmelmporfint port, THOS. C. KSEHEiR. .!..■*{] tel' 11 •*!.. -•t *., < mi 474 H. Doc. 136. No. 13. — Statement showingthe quantity and value of the principalani-\ Porta. Amheratburg. Bnth nurwcll Belleville Bondliead. . Chatham . . Chippewa. . Cobourg.... Colborne. . . Credit Dalhoiuie. . Darlington . Dover Dunnville.. Fort Erie... GodPrich . . Graftnn.... Haniilton.. . Hope Kiiigxton... Nio^ra, A«he8, pot and pearl. $3,460 Onkville Owen'a Bound .... Penetangnixhene . . Pictou tlueenston Bondeau... Bowan Sandwich flamia Stanley Toronto Wellington Whitby BrockvUle Maitland. , 31 5 193 Plank and boards. 1,904 Sliingles. 626 $4,108 420 300 4,780 .133 1,120 ' \',90}, 601 1,138 9,371 3,696 165 Coniwall Cotcaudu Lac Dickenson's Landing. Dundee 4}ananoque MariatowD Frescott Biviere aux Raisins. . fit-Begls Clarenceville Frelighabuig Hereford Hemmingford Huntingmn LacoUe Montreal Fhillpsburg Potton , etaiutead St. John Button Quebec , Nanmee LaBeauce Elgin Wallaceburg Brace Mines Caape 31 763 6 30.') 3,844 632 18,128 144 980 6,io6 3,260 18,612 "9,524 4,808 7,480 59,580 35,872 3,384 166 Cows and other cattle. S4,18() 433 , X 41 122 86 ' 5,7,53 6,060 8,203 2,637 10 314 35' 13 7,531 919 44 4,530 " 4,541 Sault Ble. Marie Newcastle Stamford Millbrd Rusaelltuwn 9,551 380 3,492 844 43,348 3s,:m 63,948 15,820 48 3,196 3,376 92 34,080 10,224 704 35,300 4i)",468 148 836 33,368 60 6.5,990 13 ""23 '"'464 ""'43 ""706 130 '"271 1%330 i'9,562 ' "1,646 4,306 :)38 502 945 348 1,983 850 109 "28 91 1,.502 -508 736 1,180 IlorGeii. Woo!. \\\a :i56 3,312 2,420 132 "28 '330 ■792 3^,356 56 "232 "l",i92 " "464 "5,666 338 ""l",396 51,420 ■"■33 134,656 "8,916 34,013 468 16 8 7,476 16U 72 960 '"«4 113,416 766,628 38 100 200 365 32 19 2,046 106 100 2,620 ■3 > 1,000 127 2,860 3,499 30,072 51 60 107 1,611 »21 '356 100 2,181 .«riOt< 4,160 1,140 600 400 1,312 -1 84 1^,388 2,480 "i'lii 764 "'460 29,804 12,:{74 .13 300 "266 272 53 8 3,134 440 389 "263 2ai 350 767 348 "i* "382 600 '"i.57 33 ""'16 "1,614 173 20 10 5..'i(KI 4, 091 13,B1.-. «i,o:6 1,2* 10,476 3,»J6| 936 ■•'isJ 1,31S 4,«tiH 7,488 800 620 6 336, 420 32,068 20,7;h c« 3,479 "1,46(1 1,6:13 3,400 4,488 3,316 "'944 ' 5,968 7,.'yoo ""792 468 116 15,5 936 ."i/i 3,24» 99i 4,884 ,,..1 156! 2,808 to 1.300 116 218 "lis 100 31 51 83 '549 ":t7i 963 19,989 60 "480 140,176 4.aKi 10,2S3 "I'jip 4..^«!! 20,G0(; 1.1-J5 S.-IM 8.720 7,461 4,328 . ......1. 4.460| 5,6(10 4,0001 100 976 1.340 4,052 37",a56 iV.osfi 57,400 5,728 200 460 6S,338 1,1.^ '3,648 3K m 3,068 ■■ffl4 1,1* 3,692 244 4;.(H Kfl UVf 'I6f 1.904 9,4!» ioi a ilaexportet Whatl Flou 312 ;;,i3s iSU ItfK 1^ 8,096 M,456 77,880 4,166 S»,139 8,770 li;,>i6 43,417 U,709 10 14 27; li 77 11 168 43 13 8 M* mi 758 ,,,.., 400 1,050 ift: 7,525 4i,;i« 44Ji60 808 Ji,a 98,514 i 1031 "m 100 I63,C 109,1 3 4 m 188. 116 "iji "'Ik "jii 104 38 11,545 •■•ia •• 45,581 3,747 ia%848|lM^1444!a!»]i5rSi 77^7.^ 704 9,8ia !,» 5,300 17 76 w s "96 »■ ■•5:::::" :::::•:: Mitii inint __^ NoT«._Thereportedeiporttnroii» Canada ^rve to show from wh« ports thedlffsre^^^ fc ■9 3 1 1 = " * 1 1 > 3 ) ' a'.08 1 4,180 5 "I'.Uo 5 "mt k 'jH) e "4,868 3 '7.488 6:20 6 "'"420 i6| 25,068 )7 ';t',24« >9 4,884 J wi "2,808 W 1.20< 16 7,464 28 1,956 is "4,2* la "4.460 31 97b 82 4,05s. 49 27,256 71 i'r.09« 62 57,406 49 5,;* 4 20( ' s..Vifl 4,0!)l 13,61,-. "3.m " 2^688 " ijiie "4.381 10,283 "i',ii8 4,;Vo! 20,008 l.l-Oo 667 """"43 "8,720 \'.'.'.'.'.'. b.m ] 100 i.-:u6 68,338 1 liilO ?V.d;6 m 1,3» 10,476 .:.. m m ....: is, 936 \>^ I9J« IJI 'i',i,'« mi li!l 3,64S IM 11 "m "v 3,56l< 2IJ "m 'Z 1,1* 3,m iu M •J-H 'i',:w '"1 '16I- .... 1,... ^ 'I'ioi ,.„ V,i* Z ;:::: i "■m ' ' i,tn ... "8 ""is J ""i(M 1 a $6,428 l>,m *6 "404 'VM "im\ 9,828 '"SOO "a^ri'TTsI '"rwrnl ■;•■.:! ,308 660 340 ' i, '''^ '^ '>»«" 3,U36|4,438|2,176|aa,0^] 8.4^|..^| ^ 6,856|1^73^ 7^6 2,6.52 ... 1,600 4,900 ... 25,704 7, 162,040 .... 833 10,773 109,196 2,— ira. 38 34,7;« 780 746 5,490 ".549 "aaa ' 253 m 45^ 7,621 15,623 104 6, 360 102 2 2,164! .... .. 428 4',472 1,318 27 'm 1,180 ....I ' 3,7^i ....I ■""" M8 a """24 4.060 J 44 ■ }2i\ •'* 600 l,i«0| 961 ' .1,100 •«.. . . . _ ' — - "46,'l'38 803,970 "i9|459 43,196 6,4IS 4,784 61JM .'•: '4.' h' > 1 i ' '0 ^ i * r '16^ 19^16 10,480 S,U8a s*** -^ 476 . H. Doc. 136. No. 11. <^rprrrfii of the ■princijtal artichs of Canadian produce ani'\ ArIick, pot and [MJiirl. riank and board.-*. Sliiiiglcs. Cows. IIorscB. Wool. Whrai i 5(1.144. 4ii-«, UXi lf,04-> ^•3 "'97S 4:.43(| 216J*! :;4« 1,13*1 ' 'siji 35.S4){ "iijB M m 1,411 n m i« I fii •■"a ■""iii 3?,8a ■"i'.iii • • Ports. i ■H B s ■a > t & '£■ ■a § a a s 75 >■ a; 5 '3 1 .a s 3 i •a 1 e s 3 > c 3 g. 1 3 t 3 > Anilicrstburg Baili 112 6 "338 "i33 J' "i« ""e 74 ""3 !82,032 168 ■ 9,464 '3,192 ""560 ' 'i;m ' ' ' ":n 3,700 ""84 ' 2,616 I4,:r75 10,648 211 '"822 1,312 '9,436 1,007 9.16 7.986 240 '"878 4 794 o'2'r,288 8:i,;i72 a-i.ie-i 1,324 9|540 'r4'384 9.076 6,;)88 51.004 1,716 '4':'t92 330QK ":» 3,3:fi 92 i'i'Vi .19 :::" 4 1,110 512 3 '"38 39:. 356 "266 ■"eo '"ii ""ei "'jei "277 '"36 10 210 8 "ioi '"43 "4'44 3,924 92 ■i;i24 80 ■■■■4 68 1,412 712 4 ""x 430 368 ' '266 '"eo "'60 i;« 140 'l',i32 "iio "■3a 40 36 420 8 "m ""ii .... 41 "b ""2 "jjie s'mb 692 V • • • •*• ■"46 2',.576 '46 "22 29 '".S "24 "ij''J28 2,440 "248 "l",666 " 9",«ii " "l",2(')6 1,7(KI 68,768 '6,160 iijajo 'viim 3;6r,4 "246 9,916 i',.'vi6 "r,S48 2,764 Burwcll Belli-villc Bondlirad C'liath.'\ni CMiippcwH Cobouri; Colbornc «;rcdit DnlhnuKiv DarlhiRtoii Dunnville Fort Eric Gudcrich 163 16 :«i 10 44 "'41" 50 "'96 "386 97 3,764 400 1.000 4(HI \;.m ' "I'.Os'i") 1,600 ■ 'l',686 0.948 2,172 Hopi' 6.027: ;i8,412 "ei ■349 'i54 * 'a') 1 "26 2,176 "is 109 207 'ais 196 '"e '208 2,100 "55 'ioi 'r,764 3,676 2,696 "246 12 "".VJO 24,640 "236 1,088 1,560 2',:t76 2,072 '44 'i'mw 25/1OO "766 .•K • "860 28 211 'i64 *273 ""5 ""6 377 "36 86 91 177 'ioi 91 'i54 '247 12.'- 16 41 '55a '.198 1,154 ■"s 1 1,624 16,880 " 3,28-i ■l'4",i76 """366 " ' "m ^,4.19 " '\}m 5,100 1,848 3,120 " 5,140 4,904 '3, 028 '6,608 6,6.'V2 760 1,068 2!i",964 "12J44 70,540 "iii 40 KinjfHton 6,149 "4',.'ii8 60 347 ""m 4,982 '"466 ■ ■ '276 40,600 27',i68 .120 484 2,.'il2 "408 23,776 '2,798 '3,692 30,000 V,b0U Ninpira nctiini(ui8lienc . . Pictou.. Uuecniiton R37| 20,296 !!!!!!' '.'.'.'.'. Brookvillc Maitland ♦^omwall Cotcan du Lac Dickenxon's Land inft 1 8 132 CIO 425 ■"ii.i " "a- '"800 108 4 56 608 3,048 1,936 "1,052 "iio '6,466 760 i7,8;w 34,428 14,276 1! 28 194,32£ ' "ioo 200 30,34): 958 Unnanoquc 1 Prespott Riviere aui Kai»in» 8t. Renin Clnrenreville FreliglmburK Hiirefofd Hcmminitford Huntingdon LncollB 34.% ""io 6,472 "aoo 224 ^ "'"67 "2',366 "I'ioo 94,146 ■""636 90 ■"i-j ""560 ■"476 90 PhilliwbuiK Pottnn Quebec 102 "a 13,359 3,03ti ""sm 373,899 3,5511 j 3I,89e ""4« 5,76S 8t. Jolin ftaulteHto. Marie.. Ga«ne MURirtt 1,588 a 9,142 1,819 "'ia 9,.TR4 5 "sj 7 80 "394 NewCaatIo Bcauce Button............ Bruce Minea .v..;p.y. ■ • • • ~i . r. -rtXlTT IS* Total 15^ 437^11 ii6;w 7a!i,03e 12,196 15,1686,60( 77,S0C 4,2« 915,06e 386,«91 £6,860 Tbe yaat IBSO wi ftvqucnt Intercoiirr MoaTMAL, Jf«| utha ethat \xtt[ni nillaud ii. rhich ai rriular ly relur report! nofex of all portai iHiln-ai niand pdcari .j,jS ... waKm looaar lade. SiCU Itiaea rcelyto tlmated beeipec ibuib ted. 1 o 'mnnfaeture to ffbeit Flour. i 1 if i 3 "5 i ■3 > a t> Kiir> 1.. ^i,m 1,444 Si5,164 HjH' 18,756 iUti' 75,024 I'udi ! \IM m 5,716 :j 30,000 im 69,57V iml ^141 1 m\ 17,105 J 100 2,878 tm 1,360 lUiO 23,344 120,000 278,280 45,708 47,318 7,704 5,;i36 30,7(0 93,032 4,932 14,716 160 im 564 2,456 10,000 34,348 |«!l^ S37 40,616 137,392 4 10,.il2 8 54,000 1,012 p> » ""k « ""iT ffi ...... fi 16 i« 1 B 6,310 » 8 » 484 ■ 728 4 1,792 ""m "ek 300 "x'fim 79 "546 181,192 32 1,936 4,7« "'97 *o«ldb.. «3,376J62,.'W Ucd to Uio a H. Doc. 136. H jj, «. X70C. 136. J- J ^^'»*^fi^'^^ ^° t^ United States hu i^i j [itanp-otoanivM^J ^^ ^^^t^, by inland routes, in the year 1850. 47T *' ,-* i'^ Woul. Wka ; c 3 8. 3 a a > - 2 ! M.IM «.i-0! i.v!«j! u« lews 1131 47.e( mj« :.« 14,i.<»i 1.13%' ' 'i'ji 69,M l.fll 1,411 ^A sii w lid a i« » "■"«i iii iii m 1,* i8 tn is M BO ii 76 00 mi ■& w 00 48 30 40 04 28 08 uK 60 6? 64 144 40 io 40 "r,'j,eoo 3B,;ft» 6,932 4,83a 127,928 388,096 11,128 178,940 2,260 484 14,008 34,500 408 36,672 36,040 7,;j.l8 119,948 341,.340 5;»,87a 137,612 73,284 6,3.56 4,268 12,300 3,884 14,608 4,938 10,984 93,494 "V,33a 4,968 11,698 43,57* 12,144 4,4M 106,87» 'r^^^^^^\^,m^^i^,^~ 63,690 78,436 1 '1,848 30,084 229,090 1,297,844 7,9.M 7,858 9081 '608 4,498 37,98a , , 4,6aa l,7iatJ46,.128i3«7,269:.^8« ^^% 104 4,oaj 5,009,480 THOB. C. K££FCIU f * r ' 4.', ^ -f r IS*' 'V f 478 H. Doc. 186. iMi i; t J» wtoii&u-«S*a\iA.', I ^r '.U : is :» : 164 ills i I- in "IS) "J ' ' : . ;k , • .w • • • ' J • • • • • ( . • • • • ' . . « • • t • > : • ••••!!■■ •••■•,: -•o ' < • m * — * * l6 * !l s — K — w- -r~4~^-*w-*-M ' ' •- : . ::::3 ; • '2 •• : : • • : . ' ' • ' t • • s 1 * PI ■ • • • •» 1 ■ • • • J • * J • :' : i • * ■ • P4 : i : : > f • • e« • « ■ • (0 ' ! .* r < • > • • : : • 1 . ."le « '::8 !; ■ • ^ ::S § .* : F^ •ot> s n ID i:a: m I H. Doc. 136k 47». '*' • wri- iff -' /I ..^ l^ ■'■!' ■ 111 I J; .n ^ 'Alii i 1 1 i' 480 H. Doc. 136. 1^ (.: H !f.4 No 16.—Genered statement showing imports into the port of New Carluk, district of Gaspc, for the year ending Janmry 5, 1852, distinguuKini the countries from whence and the route by which imported. From Brit ishiYA. I colonjea. Coffee, green • cwt Sugar, refined ~. .... do other kinds do... Molasses ^ do. . . Tea 'bs. .. Tobacco, manufactured. . . .do. . . Snuff .' do... •Wine gallons.. Fruit, dried Spices.... c Vinegar gallons Cocoa arid chocolate. . .pounds Glass Leather, tanked Oil, except palm gallons Pork, mess cwt. . . Manufacl'd candles coiton . . .*. leather boots, hardware • linen • wool articles not enum'd. -Coal. • Dyestuffs Iron, bar, rod Iron, boiler plate Iron hoops Lard Lead Pitch and tar barrels Rope . , Resin and rosm barrel Tallnw ■ •Other articles not enumerated Ani mals, pigs number, 'Booka 00... Drawings Itf size. .....'•• • Soda !■"".' .Beef pounds Bread cwt... Chocolate pounds Flour barrels. Fish cwt Millstones number. • Oil, fish . ..»w^.g i»llon*^ Pork pounds. SalU bushels. ■Wood I Coaalrin from whicl entered. of New Carl'ule, 2, distlngiiuhinj \ d. Prom From Brit- 1 United | ishN.A. S(|tes. I coloniet. $164 1,0(13 1 1(1 it ■■] IN 4f • *^ • • • •• I !'.'.!!!!!! 'i 211 4 iiii 4 ) li .•■•*■..> 340 7,» 340 13,5 18, Bf- Doc. 136. ^ ^ ki'l^^^ract o/the trade or the r,orf.rn , '^ ^ ! g^Aom goods of ^rithh prodZeand T^?' '^"^ V^^^>-^ M January 5, 1862. ^ '^^ "^nufacture, %iring the ^ «lmliei. • of nndry goods Tnv^ 1 Ja;^ "*™* I Total fwiedeuulwMkept. ^^ fJo^^e was nk^ L '^'''''ch • .52 w" Plaied in tt:" V^VZ^^-^^ .1 > i» ^j ••J * *,^^ ( ': '•I ft*' ,'1/ ^ ' ^ Hi ! 1 f ' «• mt H. Dpc. ia6. .2iji\i uwvuiiisaia' % IF' .*■ ,i ' • 9 . i 484 H. Doc. 136. No 20.— General statement shgtving the imports into theiport of Quekc fA ihe year ending January 5, 1862, distinguishing t/ie countries from wknci\ and the route by which imported. Articles. KNTKRED rO* COMirMPTION. Toiol qutinii- ties. Total value | To^ value via the Uni!edr*.y eea, via St. Slates, inland.l «Lavirrcnce 1,207 2 26 1,274 2 24 25,371 1 20, 102 10 310,260 225,082 91,683 1*543 24,540 ■i » 62 65,525 Coffee, green.. .....cwt.. Sugar, refined • ......ao.. other kinds do.. molhsses -do. • Ten lbs.. Tobacco, unmanufactured do . . maniifactured do.*. Cigars .....do„. SMriU, brandy. ga'""- • Cfin ^''•• Rum °'^-' Whiskey 5°" Cordials °'>- Wine «*»•• Rice Salt. bushels. . Froit, green - dried Spieas.., Confectionery and preserves ........ Maecaroni 'fl"-' Vinegar. •. g""*' Chains, barley and rye • Beans and pease BCcU...... PI^Qf, bbls. ProTiaions, butter cwt. Cheese do. Meata,aalt ao. Hopfc , 'b"- Ale and bw g»U«- Cocoa and chocolate .,. Fish, salt and pickled freah Futt Olasa Leather, tanned OUof all sorts g""'- Paper.... Seeds..... Manufacti^res, candles cotton leather • .*•< India-rubber iron and hardware. . < linen • Bilk wood wool Bfadiinwy.. • •^^••^•» ••••**•• •••••■! ••"t» Articles not enumerated Burr stones unwrought, Chain cables Coals.... «»"■•• Dyestuffs ""•• Ftex, hemp, and tow tons.. HidM Jnnkwd ftf hfl"* tt — ...«..■ .cwt« . 314,322 1,510 14,775 371 3 19 83 S 23 199 3 10 340 10,553 87,740i «^ M^M._m. A »..• *.**.*.: 1,000 60,8551 15, 148 391 19 3 18 3,538 3 15 E Toltl raiMi nftht wholfc »3,1C 15,592 4,368 7,284 1,392 «■% 453 952 1,192 444 84 16 260 373 3,068 68 640 93 1,048 5,480 4,960. 1,493 14,09S 4 3,304 tlt.tataitt. $8,79(5 9,548 "114,052 27,«64 55,ii96 11,052 3,93i 5S8 17,732 9,260 1,9C4 1, 180 100 30, 640 7,464 ,18,824 3,232 '„ 7,584 6, SCO „ 708 148 1,812 136 28 3,792 532 8 1,068 944 40 5.504 732 S9,128 2,156 14,193 24,856 14,468 49,153 7.364 393 3,686 31f),804 8,536 156 403,744 75,644 101,859 9,164 339,080 4,440 1,300 43,734 95,976 6,713 19,344 1,164 la^seo $11,91 9,j( 1U,II 27,ll( 3l,i! 4 miKO roR cc fr it^t"*. 1 1 i A<£ j6iiS*l ^A.* port of Quebec fori mtricsfromwlieneil r of the whole. H. Doc. 13ft ^ATEMENT-Oontinued ^^^ S'«te«, inland. LwiJnL "C*^' — ( . | _ ' I ""'WM. I Whole. mUlO f OR CONIVMPTION. 1 • kegs.., .. jd...... «iH tl,8l3 , f^"' • bbl... -••■• «'876 ,,a7g "'*'"""' ..barrels o 3<»f 97?if ^'^^ u„ 'on-.. 33 17 22 ^^ "'saj ^^'^^ Frugoodt. j el' ■•| 600 | -^ ffiii'^'.V.V.V. ^'''■" j 17, 461 , ,'-13 si'-aSj sf'SS 20, 536 I 7ifi fiao I »^ ^0,888 767,4a< ^3,992 I 3 22l~fiT7'hrir — ^.-ai.eifi I 3,3*5,608 L ^ ' ■GwtBritoin CSS" ^-"^n -cote;;;;.-;. .::::::: '^^2^ #2,850.500 pom am not compriMd in Qum ft?^ ■: * V * -s i •58 : i ig . . .leet i • . < , , .^M .... n M ■noD ilFii is : I!; : : :& • ^■o t : ' .'-•■s I m ■ « " I* i^^(.4aH-» Tttiiii^ I M to >;« 00 to to , , • ■?» I- «- j? «5 i* . . r^» — -^ -^ »o - ' SS2£2 ■ •'" ■ $1 — 8 2^3; "* ' 51 ^T W "^ CO • • • »■ O CI 'o 5 •» (o ^ g in -^ *o 1* t*> o « on to • to .-J • 00 X1>0 • -J) ."•5 — e^ . . d • (N c> n . .f > ■ I- • C-. lo la •■«•?• o . X — I- • CI f«; <:SS : :: 5 CT T to ;*»>» m e( > M-M-a . . 3 -. -r • • . . .-a :; OJ "-O . • E-ci • • ♦ o'o • ■ '^t^-H . • '■ • • . V. :'.'•'. ; ; ; ; ! . « • • 0ii '• \\\U • 3 • • ... J ;-° . ■ ; ; . c . • ' ' 1 ' il--:: " • ' ' "8 ' • '. ' i • : i . k" ' • • . : a ; ; • ; ■■9 • "^i .S ; ! •• :!:-:«, : C.Q :Si :§|i nin v.> flfi- ^it •o -s ¥i w 8^- '^ M^ s.stj III" -So X) H; Doc. 186. 1,C« moi to ;g;ss^e s sf ftoe*coe*totqaa^;r :S a^ss et ir« :S :S SCO a« 00 <7i (o fci «J. ;^*^. W^ : : :«" : : ; : i"" ; • • • • • '•',: 3 ; ; ; : ; •! • • g::SS: ft • *'*m • • •H * «OCO<»0DID«I oiioao S8» n * «e««meiXM SS" 8S" t" « eio-g S«-« • ■ I fl • * a , a • 'J I •0 . . :y. t 0^ ^ Hj ; •' VfOfB : :, * ►y,^^ ^lasn- V^',- •MM n e« ■i'rfL^'th'v-r'"; "' '*' r ■ ■RJ' 4 I 490 H. Doc. 136; No. 22. — An account of the staple articles, the produce of Canada, S/t., ei. ported in.the year ended 1851, as compared with the year ended 1850. PORT OF QUEBEC. 1851. 1850. Description of articles (Quantity. Value. duantity. Value. •barrels. ...do... 716 3,082 2,330 3.016 1,040 4,898 20 564 3,252 1,302 388,265 3,449,611 a-), 618 141, 143 5,323 •2,404 86,900 37,372 14,900 408 1,960 I 5,268 18,468 4,376 26,596 937,480 196, 124 570,876 900 588 2,434 \,mi' 1,713 3,470 5^583 S 121 692 4,613 1,0.35 182,023 2,995,764 33,166 151,094 12,415 6,200 4,320 4,423 620 2,970 27,600 17,435 11,. '•.41 6,543 89.652 326,033 2,394 •••■ Ttifimit. .......■•■■■■■•••••• ...cwt.. 2.91( Butter .pounds, .pieces.. ...tons.. '^ 22,625 Deals, pine and spruce #584,™ 220,915 piour i . • ■ • • • ..barrels, . .pieces. 60, OS KnndflTiikes ....■•••■••••••■ %n .. .do.. . 901 LarJ Lath-wood and firewood 1\f fllCt« .............a*** .pounds. . .cords. . . .pieces . 45, 472 5,507 671 2,897 28, 105 9,074 5,827 11,543 90,488 410,091 2,690 50 44,000 2, 2.S2 236 3,877 430 19,758 2,256 32,080 67, 100 9,976 189,308 4,536 2,976 8,960 456,232 1,508,528 30, 424 1 250 44,640 34,076 348,060 2,028 4,068 13,208 39) 26,23 62, W ..barrels. . . .tons. . 8,S8S 251,001 Oarg ..pieces., .bushels. ...do... . . .tons.. '8,!2) Oats. %m Pease ^nd beans PinA tilnber red ......>■..• 468, int ....do.. 1,U93,0! Pork w ..barrels, .bundles, .pieces. . ....do... ....M... 23, (« j^hinvlefl .... * •«'. ■•■■•■••*•• j n Do Sparfl • * 64,a 58,34 ....do... 263,11 Tamnrftck wood. .... ■■■•••• , . .tons. . 4,(! nieces. 5,a II, n f 4,671,048 .<), 861,98 CutTOH-iioDiE, Quebec, March 13, 1853. i^ I Acetate of lime. . A'jffi.if^i Canada, ^,, ei, r ended 1850. 1850. aantity. Value. 588 t\;M 2,434 6,730 1,002- 31,008 1,713 ,liuliu). p "gea, J cask, 1 case, 1 cheese. 65 barrels and 204 bags. 1,000 bushels. 8,000. 10,015 kegi. 189 boxes. fiiilare • Mdalting. foreizn? ^*'^°^ ^''""<^«. 6,063 Hoa(8 ..., Hooft 'I Hooejr \\'^ Puna «ad bones' ""•"Is .... Dwta ' Bi'let*.....','! Handipikes . '. 0«r« WllBut **w»i «d. uid Mm). I -''««".^.:;::liSK:-., 11 packages. 15 packages, IGcaaks, 8 rases 1 n,.„ 13 j^xes and 9i boxes. 29 half barrels. 7 tons 2 cwt. and 5 pounds. 3bnx«s.3tms.andlcase. 23fi h, 7"' "r *• '""". 6 c*l. bones 6,907 pieces..,. >,3i2 pieces .'.■.'.*;;;::;' 'V 9 IngS. 875 pairs ;. ••• • •••••••• .VO'oo feet; ' 822,739 pieces std., 8,248 barrel. 133 packages. 41,491 bushels. 129,740 barrels. 23 packages. 35 tons horns and bonea. 4 barrels and 208 ke"^. 7,487 piece?. 3,146 pieces. 622 pieces. 18,032. 1*367 pcun;^ 338 pieces. 231,861 pieces std. and bbk 375,400 pieces. l,47abMTeli. i - m ¥ \ M r "Ml- ' • J* * •' r 'i*i -■ '.I.;.;'!!/-. 5> ; .-i':; * - ^<. - J.' ,1 1 ( '. I ' 1 »t|l . i I* • *,,;," , »" ^'t "'IpKSS'.v? 402 H. Doe. im STATEMENT— Continued. Deieription of goods. Year ended January 5, 1652. Meal, oat . Maphtba .. Oata Oilcake.., OniojDB Oree, copper. Paila Feaa Pipes, tobacco. Porlc Saleratna Seed, Tis: Clover . . . Timothy Millet ... Flax.... Soap Starch Sugar, maple . . . Sirup, maple ... Tongues , Vinegar Wheat Whiskey 1,019 barrels and 13 half barrels. 11 cases and 8 casks. SStons, 8cwt.,3qrs. Wooden mana&ctares Value. 160 barrels and 24 bushels. 41&tons,5cwt. 95 doxen. 61,476 bushels, 543 barrels, and 50 half barrels. Ibox 3,739 barreM, 1 tierce, and 4 half bar- rels ; of these 1,734 foieign. 116 boxes. 31 barrels. 96 barrels and 89 casks. 6 barrels. 19 barrels and 260 bushels. 19 boxes ».. 901 boxes and 1 case pulverized. 7 boxes. 1 keg and 1 jar. 55 kegs and 4 barrels. 50 barrels 134,010 bushel 14 hhds. and 4 quarter-casks, (British.) 30 puncheons Britiah ratamed. 71pac]oiiges. Year ended Januaty 5, 1851. 539 harrela. 1,072 minots. 200 tons, 7,6 34 barrels. 328 barrels. piecMiaiid 309,874 bushels and 406 !». rels. 100 boxes and 65 half bozct | 445 barrels. .•1,834,119 . 819 boxes. 44 caiks. 87,953 bushels. tl,453,680. N . I «■ , 1 .u ^««>^ }y titf -,>*?■• ded January 5, 1851. inots. IS, 7,608 piecM, and rbnahelaand406lw> cea and 65 half boxet | :rels. H^ Doc. 13ft m h addition to the foreeoinfr tK« t n ■ ' foi^ignslups from this po^,w1:id;v£^^^^^ were exported ii, outward, under a Kqense granted in Se^o??^ ^ '^^""'^^to ^^^^^ cv the Governor GeneraJ.^in counciUf "he 2^H °P^t' °^ ^' «^««"«n- Deacription of ^ods. Year endinj January 5, 1858. Iw"*'"" •.... ......... M Ignttar * » ■••-?•••« OTbarrela. .^^•"•'a-ndStiercea. « .1 600 &""''" '"^•• aOSkega. ■ K;.:::::::::::::::: »-<-'• »BTei^Btandard - - * J00ni»«. • •f. ............ ■".•-•••••••• Tiz: p*""^'"" .: ■ i... w^ .' • ••••••*•• piecea. 1, 451 piecea <» 609 piecea. SO barrel). 18 bales. 75 barrela. •.•*... .. Value •99,804. |Ccinii.Boni, *"*KJbMiar»6,I85a. R. H. HAMILTON, Comptrolkr. > i » h.' r- iA**.-' i.v*;. '••■ ^ ,•• :A -1 [j. S r^VtJ^ ^*k'A.f.i!t|i^i&l ) ^ff:X ^•' SS'' ;§sas?' •a * • • * • a . • • • • • • • mm ■•^.friy,^''- ■':Wy'^ \ , i 1 . : ".coi ^ 00 • • < » 1^ • • -• • • • ■ • 1 • • • ■ i 00 00^ S8 s 9 0(©V r- 00 ► p^f-t § s < « •s; I »i ■ • • 1 • • • O 5* ■ • • • Q n • • " • • ■ • oo* • • • • • • • • • • • • , • • • • • Cf • • • • • 3 • • • • • • • ■ : ^ ' • • ■ • • • • • * • • • • ; <* I • • ! • • • < Dgogo^ sj. otdy r^ * f-«rt ' S S ' m , • • • . • .© ill • • • _ • * ^* 'S 3 . *^. ml • * • rt . > • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ^§ 1 01 *^ (rf • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ^ • •! • • • • • • • • ■ • • • * • • • • • • • • ■ • • t ' * / • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • # • • • • • • • • -^.-#-.-a^-.*,- • • • • • • • • -• • • J :'•! :'.& ■| • •■• ! •' • ill II o t e IS »_ , r»o> oo" • » : , ■ il • • • •JOl, . a .»»siSSfeA'jL, 5 v e h I H g C<3 . c« o ti CO o s U) n • CI am -in & i -2 1. \ I' t I 11. i U m |HK ' II^^H ^ HI r'- ■ •••• ' ■••'.•: ^•«««- ;"" • , Bml remai ■'"••• H. Doc. 186. ^I — oul No. 30.— Abstract of mercharulu^ ^.^ • j ^ Artidet. fc::::::::::::::::: ''JSJ&i'^--. '^i ^.r.,, r? 987buehel«,, i 5-^' •••• i"5c.ir:^'.Tb„-^di;"- • •• lo « "■■«"»•... V«Ju«. I MB* ■••••••«•••••■•«• , ^ ^ \^' |I«ili«r. ■-- — --^ ••••••••••••», IwoeUi... ,,,, ^ ■-•••••••, • •. i,drM*rf : Qodniied- IZf^'" •. 16 cask.....;;;; Sbales • 7ai«e« ;; „2oobSei...;:* ; 2.439 wr,,..,c,, ,;-,;; y-.j...^... fue,,,. *«r«8e« jgg 481,213 #69.569 00 1,095 OO 354 00 8,791 00 1,105 00 1,930 00 6,347 00 846,814 00 630 00 519 00 757 00 666 00 {^.651 00 316 OO 189 OO 1,300 00 DtitiicTor^iwYoRK, Wfcctor'* qfflu, Mmrch 29, 1852. 00 1.427.093 QO krins if^ year 1851. "''^'^' of Boston and Charlestown, ArtidtiL ' • ,, , P«ckBgei. Value. 28, 763 barrel. "~ ^ I 151 barral. ' i9fi 9iu: nn rt%.:::: ».«»Clndi;ii-:::::: ^tSS / .T^: 3c.«« 7,466 00 SOcaaka f ifis rm fisKai.-.-;;;;;;; J m m V I SOcaaka i.;:; a.8i5bu.heia.v;;v ^ ■»• ftawl i«n«M, , "" • • I 87packajf|. 1,069 00 8,698 00 L a;i33oo / 119.441 00 l^l •^ r'-iii.'.>i.. <*vi» i- >* 502 H. Ddc. 186. No. 3a.-DlSTRICT OF NEW YORK. ^'«'i;^£fe:lt;^TS2;xi:?;fe;^^^^^^^^ -^ — ^ Booka "^• Bruahes Bead* Packages. 68 cases and 9 boxM I case and 2 casks 15 cases'. • j'«r""*i** 45 hogsheads, 10 baskets, and 75 casks. 2:!SiL,;;""::::::"*!"! 2,829 P^we.... ...... ...••.•••;;;;;•;;; I 9 casks • Borr^tones Buttons Camphor Cordials Cassia Coffee Cloves Corks Cut glass Dry good* .a Drugs Earthenware Engravings Pur* Fire-crackers Fish..... Flower*, artificial • Ginger Gin Glassware Olaas bottle* Haidware ■•• Hemp, manufactures of... Hide* Hau, wool Iron, bar •••• manufactures of.. . • sheet. ...t Jewelry ■ Leather • • Leather, manufactures of Lookine-jglass plate Musical instrument*. ... Molasae* ;• Metal, manufacture* of.. Nutmec* .«••»••• Oil clptn.t • •• •••• on palm ••• painting* Preaerved fruit fi*h Plant*.... Paper hanging* manufaetu** of. . Pimento Perfumery ValM. I casks. 1. ..•*...•' 50 boxes ............••••• 1,130 mate, 248 cases, and 5 packages 200 bags 11 bags 13 bags and 20 bales 3 cases ;*.••*■,*■ "" 259 cases, 62 bales, and 1 package 18 cases, 3 bales, 1 ceroon, and 4 2 cases, 50 crates, and 2 casks 1 case and t package 14 cages and 2 boxes 50 cases and 100 boxes 35 cases and 25 boxes 3 cases and 2 packages 6 bags • 3 hogsheads •.:•.•••* ' 17 cases and 400 demijohns... . 3,000 bottles ■ 59 caees'and 151 casks 2 coil* '• ' 7,474 hide* ••••••• 6 case* 16 casei,*6"ca*k*, 50 packages, and 30 kegs. 340 bundle* ^ 5 case* '. 10 case* 43 ca*e* and 3 bale* § ac«*e* 9rMe* 34Shogdieiid*..... 37ea*c* and I cask K keg* and 8 barrel*. 3ea*e* •• 99eadn rndSObtrnkatM 39cMkaMrf !•■•* 13.6(W b^V.5Vl'biJiidi,*iwl 937 package*.. 77eM«*MdWb«w»*- 1 box, (Am) . itmemt SleM*4 183 bag* I m 1,915 ( \,m \,m 113 1 %mi iM ml ml d 3,8 ],8»| ?J 6,01 114 1,9 mm ••••■• ■•*•«••••••• Paint* ..... • Railroad iron Rhabarb ' Rum Silk* Spiee* Cigara Siigara Soap .••.••• •••• ••••••••••• ............ •...••••.••••••' • ...»♦•••• ......... • SOcaaka S9, 096 bar*. 99 hogahead* and 18 ca*k* S3 eaae* and S paeka|ea 3ca*eaand98bag*.... .^,,_ .... 746 oaekan*. 53 boxea, and SB» cass*. 9. 484 K5S.. 68 bariala, and 8 bo«. SWbosfi 1.1 ».] ••1 ^1 1>I IK 10 ''-U^,:^JL>IA^<'f- I in bond to the fro, ie year 1861, VllM. P,3Mi 3531 1,5191 > casks *,% 3,339 ^39 •■• 1,0» ;e 4 easks. 2.6(41 3,3441 ml 9911 4*1 6fi,9«| 3,8 1,«. mi 1,S , and 30 kegs, aa ••••••••■*' • • • * I •••••• k* « •■ • •■• •** • • •• •••■ % 6, 1, •,• ,1. 93*7 paiiigti.. a, 1. * 4, 1. -.-•••••••••••• „^-^ -.■"•""• i M 1 U MOcMifc. idSbPMi » yuijfJkidrt -d ^ ^ ^- I>oc. 136. ABSTRACT--Continued. ^ 1 1 Snvliat*. Sandrief .. Tin ^f •••••■••••,.« •••• I?7*; TInphiM I* S^ WiM Wood.. WitchM •....., ^•^^«e. ^.*;; X..... ,**>»•«« i S.": .?. .'-"'«'-'. «d 36 pi^:::::: : • leases ''_' « # ^ 'I t ■ ' » > ..I * ' '• - * <647 0» 90.059 0» 8,371 00 64«0» 8.197 00> 5,907 00 .. '^8 00 IS, 890 00 19 00 1,439 00 'I' 5*8,1*3 00 " No. 33.-PORT OP BOSTON Articles. 9 Book* , I JkjfoBda [ Bmlwnware. . . . , iFlatedinK Iftnvhati I5**' lEiiiiiu Sir.::'"-'"--- & ::::::::::::: IWuehef 5£--...::.:::::::::. fc:::::;::-- I?*"»s« Issr' Kr:;*" Ills;:: K;p«^«<« :::::::: iHtir^'ii,;;:: '^•••• j[*»i«"tiA.mVnu:::::::: a,^* Packages. I,074cate., 410 bales... Serat** '^L' J"?"** :_•• 9^ :::: 615 boxes.....:: 9 do ....*:".■*■■ 488 boxes Ceases 3 do SMboxM*.': 9 do Scaska 6 balfs, 3 bundled ,95b«rwl...:"?.*f • ; 50 boxes : •'.... 9 do ■ , 'f bag... :::;;::::;;;;;;;; lease •I do ». 10 boxes.,. ^«*«« '•••• lease IS::::: "•""": i!s L--:::::::::: :::: ••.., • 3 do . 3 do 4 do •• ••••••». •••••• 9es 904 4S1 580, ni j&fi . •*> mu '19. 'Dbc; Md. 34. — Abstract of quantity and value of Canadian jhur \xporteifrm\ the port, of Boston to all pons during the year 1851. 16,688 barrels Canada flour ; value ^. 4. . 157,926 Uo. 36. — Abstract of the quantity and value of Canadian fl6ur e:^tedfm\ the port of Boston to the British American colonies during the year 185lf •4,690 barrels Canada flour ; value Sl4,96l| ( Ko. 36. — Flour and wheat, the produce of Canada, exported from tkp i^New York to the British colonies, ^t., in 1851 ; and also the mhcKJa other Canada produce exported to the colonies and to Great Britain, ijc. Ashes exported to Great Britain, 1,643 barrels S40,54 Ashes exported to other ports, 878 barrels 19,081 Butter exported to Great Britain, 251 kegs 1,69| Furs exported to Great Britain, 12 cases 3,691 Furs exported to other places, 2 cases, 3 casks, 3 puncheons 2,97| Wax exported to other ports, 20 bafts U Beef exported to Great Britain, 100 tierces l,ft . Fbur exported to Great Britain, 88,653 barrels I Flour exported to British provinces, 86,689 barrels 299,4i Flour exported to other ports, 100 barrels ,.. 351 "Wheat exported to Great Britain, 607,044 bushels 344,51 Wheat exported to British provinces, 6,798 bushels 4,6* \ \ Jfo. 37- — Statement of the value and quantity of Canadian flour adm received in bond at the port of New York, and the value and jiwii/i| exported, during the year 1861. Flour Varehoused, 260,362 barrels 5846,8| Flour exported, 176,342 barrels • • ^^'^ Wheat warehoused, 712,403 bushels . . . i f^fl Wheat exported, 613,842 bushels 349^ No. SBi—Total amount of wheat and flour in store, December 31, ISSj Wheat in Store, 278,616 bushels l^"'^ Nhw York, March 16, 1862. 'latUtitemiaincln ^ Doc. 136. lb. 89.—^ comparative statement of the o.«o.. j frmcuitmsiutie, in CanaMfZfht ^'^** ^"^ ««« - - .-... i . ''''^'>^'*^5'««^» 1848, ;849,aW 1850. 4d5 revenue received Gross receipts of dudes . . . I Charges for coUecypn 1848. «1,336,116 130,388 1849. $1,778,188 127,240 1850. 82,463,776 • 138,248 1,650,948 2,324,628 •In tW« item Is incladed the sum of $9,832 for return duties. tf-^'c1Sl:lZl^^^^^^^^^^ ^-iness ,one in Ameri- Iterate statement, have been oChXinTst '"'' ^'''''' "' "''""^^ Total. In bond, and I |character of ves-l ael not «tated. Totals. we£j......... $697,399 $1,490,223 '^'^' 26,678 • '69 972 93,068 222,845 717,045 1,783,040 130,987 134,626 , $2,087,622 «3,639 I 100,4^9 446,960 2,634,711 V J •r ^^>r- »• 'i .^■»\ » "ii ^ J ■ v. r. > , r ^ J ■ i I* 'fl ^"f-;' •! ■ ■<*!♦ « ■ »\ This provi abuts on the i lately establii bounded by t a boundaiy H I mth the cont bounded by t divided from fortyninth pa The area^l millions of ac 1851, is a littl The great a •for settlement The commissi I the line (pr a j New Bruns\vi( "Of the cli; I possible to spe I beautifully w^ tbat there is s( ningf brook up n-ashed by the St. John and i «f this latter ri OQ this continei , "The lakes its surfoce is i *jr. 'itisei I covered with a "The countr I parts of the inte" float away eithe down tjj^St J6i m i country is , "For any gr nother Bntish, trial as New Bri "Ontheaurfi the nuu-kcu of H. Doc. 136. fi07 1 - t < PART VI. , . NEW BRtNSWICK. ^^^^^^LS^J^^ Scotia, .„d lately established under the ASrton fvlY l^'f ^'' "P^"^*^^ ^^^ bounded by the Bay ofTundv ind bSo ^; 7^ '^ southward It is aboundaif lv,eacrLthc Siw wL^P u^i^ ^"^^ Scotia by with the continent of A nerica On^r' ^^^•^^'^""^^^ts Nova ScoS bounded by the Gulf of St Wenl Tt^^^ff New Brunswick is divided from Canada b A linrwS S '^? ^^^ ^^ Chaleur; it is forty^ninth parallel of north latitude ^^"°^^« /^^ ^^^^ distance the 1851, is a little o^or on^Cred a^l nin^Th ''^T ^^^''T ^^^ y^'^'' The great a^ncultural canabilirip? PT^y^^'^^ thousand, souls. , ■for sett?emcn?and cuj vSn t e onw7 ^T'^^'^' ""'*^ «« ^'"^^'^^ The commissioners appoin ed bv the ILT l ^"^""^'^^ '"^^ '^"°%"- ^linetprapronosed^JailwayZm nSlf frT"™T ^^'^'^X New Brunswik In their replirf- — ^'^ ^"''^''''' ^'^"^ «P«^ o^ 4it ;^U'-'^«ches, are irarely surpas^pd by ^ytbing valley. ^It is ^^!Sy^Ct'^cc^it fr w w"'^^ "?• ^'^ ™*'"'»*^ ««d cove..! with a deL Ib^^rori'telt ^^' ^'^^^ "^°^^-' "For a^l^t „.^~^^^^ IrialasNewBriiMS *^^^^^^^ such a favorable field for the N«'tfcfT4irdt&i^^ °' *^ finest tin^ber. which in ». w "\ ' »>". '4. i'. uT f l" ,^ f I ,;;#<4 ij. i ,,, ♦ ■ T< ■ 34 m-^ ^ M H. Doc. 1^6. ever! unlTmited supply of fuel to the settler. If the forests should become exhausted, there are the^al-fields underneath. "The rivers, lak^s, and seacoast abound with fisli* Along the Bay! of Chaleur it is so abundant that the land smells of it. It is used as J manure; and, while the olfactory senses of the traveller are offended by it ott the land, he sees out at sea immense shoals darkening M surface of the water." This description of New Brunswick is given in an official repoi presented by twp very intelligent officers ot the royal engineers, \v;ere sent out from England to survey the proposed railway route, examine the country through which it would pass. They returned ti England at the close of 'their labors, the i;e^ults of which were laii before Parliament. The principal river of New Brunswick is the St. John, which is fom hundred and fifly miles in length from its mouth, at the harbor of ^ John, to its" sources, at the Metjarmette portage. It is navigable ft vessels of one hundred tons, and steamers of a large class, fornii miles from the' sea, to Fredericton, the seat of government. oAbovi Fredericton small steamers ply to Woodstock, sixty miles fiu-ther up tl river ; and occasionally they make trips to the entrance of the Tobiqui a farther distance of fifty miles. The Grand Falls of the St. John two hundred and twenty-five miles from the sea. ^Above these the river has been navigated by a steamer forty miles, to the mouth the river Madawaska, and from that point the river is navigable boats and canoes almost to its sonrces. The Madawaska river is »ki navigable for small steamers thirty miles, to Lake Temiscouata,asl of water twenty-seven tiiiles long, from two to six miles wide, aa Eeat depth throughout. From the upper part of this lake to the riverS awrence, at Trois Pistoles, is about eighteen miles only, and pro[ sitions have been made for establishing a communication between St. Lawrence and the St. John, either by railway or canal, across foute. In connexion with the St. John is the Grand lake, the entrance which is about fifty miles from the sea. This lake is thirty miles length and 4roni three to nine miles in width. Around the G lake are several workable seams of bituminous coal, from which are raised for home consumption and for exportation. The harbor of St. John is spacious, and has suflScient dej)tli water for vessels of the largest class. The rise and fall of tide from twenty-one to twenty-five feet, and there is a tide-fall at the hi of the harbor which> effectually prevents its being ever frozen over in the least impeded by ice during winter. Few harbors on the nof eastern coast of North America, if any, ar6'so perfectly free fromi as St. John harbor. It is in latitude 46° 16' north, longitude 66' "westi The Peticodiac is a large river flowing into the Bay of Fundj[, its northeastern extremity. It is navigable for vessels of any sizefj twenty-five miles from its mouth, and for schooners of aixt^roreigh tons for twelve miles farther. On the lower^art of this nveraTO Suable mineral has recently been discovered, and the .8C«n u^™* worked to considerable extent. By some this mineral is ^" V. . .ift^AAafete, black H. Doc 136. ^ fjet'cwd," and by others 'it U rnno.M^- i If great illuminaunff powei' THa o^o"'^ • ^^S® quamitv of bum m of pa,ic«ifarri,j; ^ItTttizt^r ^°" ^^^ «^ leb of large class. , ^^S^"^^ for sea-gowg ve^ On the gulf-coast of New BruriswiVt ^^.« U each at tfe^mouth of a coSembl^ "'" '"^^ ^"^ «% har- fcrs much fine timber is shippeTaSi^ "^ '\ ^"^ from Wse J The most southern of these haj-bors is S^ *;.ngland. Ith sufficient depth of water 7orTeseh^Z''^^''^K'' ^^P^^ious, and F Shediac harbor is the easiest of access Vn^^^* ^^^^^nce, says lecoast, and the only harbor of New Brunswivt ^'?' ''". *^"« P^ of li which a vessel in distress could safelv Jn f ' ^^^r^-^ of Mirami- ^ns a harbor of refuge. Two ^vefsTu Tn/" «\'"7 "°^^^% fe-ch IS fast becoming a place of imp<^rtance sT n 'u'"^ ^^^^^ te'^^^Z-'^^/^^^if^^-becS?^^^^^^^^^ f"VW the proposed IShediac, which Will diUs command a Inr!.. ! ' f ''''" ^•'"^^'^ the gulf fcpoints of the railWay. "" ^^'^^ ^^^^^^ ^^ one of the gfeaj ICixj^ harbor is ten miles hv tKo „ Fwithin this harbor t^h Lh is at tr'"^^'^.' ^^"^ Shediac , fcname, there is abundance of "J^ rr"!? ^^. ^^ "^^^ «f the borage ,n five fathoms water. TlSf /°' ''^Wmg. and good M of late years, and now veslhT^, • l*?"" '^^ F^"ally > over the bar. ^ There is mlrXble 3 '^""^u" ^^«'" ^^^« Ner, and vessels up to fifteen ffli ™^f' °" ^he banks of NBuctouche. ^ "'^'^ ''T^^^ tons burden have been penty miles north of Buctouche i« 7?.v.a i^ , , h^e, and commodious The r.W.t'f ^"Jf ' ^'^^'^ " *^- ipsiieupwards of fifteen miles fmm?ti navigable for vessels of •we being from four to sSfShom^.n 5 ^u' *,^ ^^^nn^I for that Invertwentv-fivemUe^ The sCe^/^T?- Jhetide flows^ N Hver of ttttme,fe* I^^rn^S "^7^^"^ «^ ^ ■"^b.. At Its entrance iito thPoIflAT^ hundred and twenty miles . '«abar at the en^ceSt'm^^^^^ tgnat.size. and pours S-Lch^ J^f^*'^.' ' but the river is of ^^.impedimente to na^t£^T°^ ^^*«^' ^ 'hd bar F^^i^^mimeBW BT^^nfU^^^ sufficient ndepih of Mreven more. '"P' °^ '"^ ^^^^ed and seven hJidr^ tJ^t'^bti'^Sset^rtf^ Miramichi from the gnlf. K '^^^ ^^''^'^^ w'^ter in the " "«»« small craft can proceed nearly to the ImS 1 * ') H .d*..ff f '"^. I if 5 f of the tide. Owing to the size |nd depth of the Miramichi, ships can load along its banks for milesf it« trad^ and commerce are already extenaive, and wiU undoubtedly annuaUy. increase. At the northeastern extremity of New Brunswick, just withm the entrance of the Bay of Chaleur, is the spacious harbor of Great Ship. r7*>a«, which comprises |bree large and commodious harbors. Besides its facilities for carrying on ship-building and the Umber trade, Ship. pimn harbor offers great advantages for prosecuting the fashenesou tlie largest -scale. The general dryness ot the air on this coast; and the absetice of fog within the Gulf of St. Lawrence, arc peculiarly favorable to the drying and curing of fish, in the best manner, for dis- tant voyages. , Owing to the erection of steam aaw-miUs at Great Shinpifran, and the extensive fishery establishments set up thereby Jersey°merchants, there is considerable foreign trade. Tiie dryfeh are chiefly shipped in bulfc to Messina- and Naples, for which markeu they are well suited. . LiuK^Shippigan harbor lies between the islands of Mesmi and Shippigari. It is an exceedingly good harbor, being well sheltered, with safe nnchorage in deep water. The main entrance is from the Bay of Chaleur. It is half a mile in width, with eight fathoihs at low water, which depth is maintained well, into the harbor. This is not a place of any trade, but it is greittly resorted to by American fishing vessels which frequent the Gulf lind the Bay of Chaleur, as itafibrdj them perfect shelter in bad weather. There are great conveniences for fishin'^ estabUshments in this fine harbor; and i,t would afford greati facilities -and advantages to our fishermen if they were permitted toj Jand and cure their fish upon its shores. , . , . . ,- I Bathurst harbor is within the Bay of Chaleur, which in itself raaybel considered one immense haven ninety miles in length, and varying ipl breadth from fifteeri to thirty miles. It is remarkable that within th whole length and breadth of the Bay of Chaleur there is neither rock, reef, nor shoal, and no impediment whatever to navigation. The entrance to Bathurst harbor is narrow ; but within, it is a beanti ful basin, three miles and a half in length and two miles in breadth well sheltered from every wind. In the principal channel there ij . about fourteen feet at low water. Vessels drawing more than fburteei' feet usually take in part of their cargoes outside the bar, where diefl is a safe roadstead, with deep water, and good holding-ground. ♦ No less than four rivers fall into Bathurst harbor,- each of which fa . niahes touch good timber. Ship-building is prosecuted in this hub toattne extent; and there is a considerable export of timber and dp to England and Ireland. , , • , r i t. cm The entrance to the Restigouche, at the head of the Bay ot tt . is three miles in width, with nine fathoms water— a noble entrance i a sOble river. The main branch of the Restigouche is; over — ^,^nf^rpf^ milea in length. Its Indian name si gnifies "the river w h divides like the hand," in allusion to its separation above the fade i . five. principal streams, or branches. These drain at least four thous square miles of fertile country, abounding in timber and other viju natural resources, the whole of which must fi^d their way to Uie i • through the port of Dalhousie, at the entrance to the Resugouchc ■*. \ ' ilji^^'^L^JL. » hi -Jf; H* Mcy^, 6imi^ '4, f '* biMgooabolding-ground for sbiprrnmW !|''^ « ^«« sheltered. Uital wharves and excellent anS saft.^"\^^^^°'"« ^"ter. TherX^ Ung every convenience for load W stLs of ?[ T^^ ^* Dalhouslef^ r ^t°"''U° ^^'"Pbellton th?S^5 t ^f^g««t"<^Iass. * feteen miles. The whole of this distal ^^ .^^^ "^^r is about tor, there being from four to e 'ht SZ^ "^1^ ^'^ considered one d. which IS of ^ood breadtlM t c^n ^^^'^^g^out in the ;nain ..^luarters of a A in wfdth. A^^v^tW"" V^" ^'^^^ ''^ S A but large vessels do not go farther unti! ^ n"" '^^ ''^^ *^^s six Jle. country watered by the Rcsr „nf i? "'"", Campbelltoii. LwhoUvinawildeistafe S^^^^ its tranche is yet IniagjificeiUnver^ust hereafter renl^^^^^ ^ C 1 '. ; K > ^ few Brunswick of great consequence '^" ""'^hea.stern portion /^ '"^>^ '11 f ' I > I K present value of the trmln ^ j y-favoredcolony,asyet>,uTvor?t'i-7'""'''^^^of tl»s large ami ^ d by the foIlowiJi tape ^"'^^^^^'^ Peopled, will be bSt esS |lSs?r ;iu53r ^-^^ -^-^ ^^ ^^^ -^^de province. i„ ^849 Comtriea. 1849. 1850. ^P«rt«- JJxporte. Imp()rt8. Ejporto .S^- "•""'•^ «2,8I9,070J ,l,<,88;i9« ^est Indies. J RRanl British North' '^^ ^'''360j ii.ggg America I Other colonies, i States. 1 States 517,300 1,322,810 114,825 270,475 6,260 S57,910 96,235 3,467,836 3,007,310 674,686 25,135 1,310,740 67,335 «2,447,755 90,360 297,860 8,105 387,000 59,020 4,077,655 3,290,09ir- V. '^&iW 'liA ii, ' 1 1 - '! ^ *^Ti^iini( r ^ifefRii,. ■..;:•/■- ^ftpi^-T-r-r-iji-^r.-^iy.-i; r. ■ jjfojtW'iSL. IP,' ^* 5ii H. Doc. 186. The following is an aecount of the vessels, and their tonnage, wlach entered inward and cleared outward at all the ports of New Bnuu. , wick, in 1849| and 1850: y ■ 1849. Coontriea. Inirard. Outward. Number. Tom. Number. Tom. drfsit Britain ......•••- 326. 1,213 1,304 61 140,024 81,060 182,007 13,106 769 1,172 928 25 300,806 British Colonies i TTnit*»*1 Rtaf PS ....•• 68,097 84,742 ITrirpi Dm StSltPS ......... 3,769 Total 2,893 416,187 ■ 2,891 i&m ■- 1850. 1 Countries. Inward. Outward. 1 \ Number. TODB. Number. Tom. 1 \ Great Britain British Colonies United States. ......••• 233 1,281 1,467 68 95,393 81,424 242,104 17,701 768 1,241 937 25 303,6ll 70,isi 87,M T^nrpiffn States ......... Total 3,039 436,622 2,971 — 1 — ; — The number of new ships built in New Brunswick during 1849 j 1860 id thus stated: In 1849. In 1860. Veneb. 114 36,i 86 30,a r tonnage, which a of New Brun». iber. Tou. 769 ,172 928 25 300,806 68,097 84,742 3,769 ,891 467,4« Outward. nber. Toni. 1 768 ,241 937 25 303,6ll 70,1H 5,971 ^ Dec, l«6. I The number and tonnaffe of v<.a i Bnu«^ck in the same yeL 2-e 2 folCr^"^ ^^ "^^^^^^^ « New ■f**:''l ■ -T" , 99,490 6,282 16,224 121,996 The foUowiner tables nnA o»o* No. i; * yiAract of the trade of the. wrt of Rt r i. , ^. \tmage mM, and the Zive vS^f?L ''"^'"^ ^J^ .*%' ^nd \HS^ ^' from goods of BritUhlrJ,^^ *'"^'*' '^"guishing Rwnwhatcountriea, mm¥v It Britain and Ireland •iSUUm ""«••- •N.A.C(rfonie« iWeit Indies TiWertlndieB..., .nEorDpe.... »8e»Piieriea..'.'.','." Xvtib. 58^1 146,095 45,153 1.514 2,906 6k9ae fl,546,aB5 fl26,450 ^f?5L «7,'350 20,465 980,139 J 2.062,250 389^670 1(^200 4,(i$0 4^-il ■■"T •"' !■« 't * 614 la. Doc. 116. N9.2. Ahttrdct of the trade of the port of St. John, thhwing the shipn and t^n. nage cleared outward, and the relative veUue of the exjmts, diHinguithn^ foreign goods from goods of British produce and manufacture, during tk year ending Vecember 31, 1850. To what oonntries. Great Britain and Ireland . British N. A. Coloniea United States Biitiih Weit Indiei Foreign West Indies South America Anstralia British Possessions in Africa ■ Totals. Vessels outward: Number. 457 794 405 37 15 3 1 2 1,714 Value of exports. Tons. British. 190,215 40,309 45,214 5,141 2,150 466 402 424 284,321 91,547,335 106,015 187,355 54,245 33,455 7,190 3,405 3,855 1,944,655 Foreign. f96,055 37,095 106,200 355 195 840 240,740 Toul GiNt Britain and I Ualed States.... [KitiiliN.A. Colo J Britiili West Indli IHmpWeatlndi I talk America... No. 3. JJutract of the trade of the port of St. John, showing the ships ani\ entered inwSM, and the relative value of the imports, diitinguiihwg M eign goods jfrom goods of British produce and manufacture, dumg r year ending .December 31, 1861. -■■;•# |,. ;■-.,•; :'■ •:f j :-':-. -||: From what countries. Vessels inward. Number. Qreat Britain and jreland . . British N. A. Cot^mLos. ... . . British West Indies. Y IVndgn West In^ea United States Foreign Europe Totals. 143 737 8 23 6i)5 11 1,587 Tons. 64,113 42,048 1,750 3,342 166,953 4,245 Value of imports. British. 91,855,270 322,845 3,705 282,4^ 303,925 2,485,745 Foreign. 187,105 107,485 105,610 1,154,880 26,510 1,' ToM 11^ ;A^,..:' :';^,;^;, the ships and in. mts, dtHinguuhhi, ifacture, during tit I lort*. T»ttL "oreign. $96,055 37,095 106,200 355 195" 840 • . . ,85,. '^I'lf/^f. M236.765 D, ■ ^,185,495 2,570,130 The following 13 an account of the t.-mK ^, ^*^ 384,636 ..m ; i »n temtoiy, and floated down the riv^^f ?"^ lumber cut on Amen- T. - , #1- •: fM^whhthelr estimated value: "^'"' '" ^.^ years 1850 and ^T:. ^ rif j > Artielea. ''J ^^*°tlinfir» M feet ° " M.. do.. , .••; do.. '^"^ timber tons Total value...... / 1 -^ Lftj:__: fe'^W" * 'At i. '•*v-' ^m. ^¥ -'. ,' 4 i "/ {, 411 ^i M6 U» Doe* 196. ArticleB. Qutmtity. Boards and scantling -• M feet. . - - - Pickets and palings i M pieces. . . Laths r. do...... Shingles ' ' m" * * ' " : Clapboards ^* Hackmatack timber and knees tons Spars pieces.... .Staves ¥/ - -- Fire-wood -co^s Lime hhds...... Gypsum tons. Grindstones pieces Ox-horns hhds. ahd crates. Potatoes bushels. . . . Coal - tons.-s.... Black lead- .. :t ..... .„ - c ^t . Potash..,,.. barrels.... Sheepskins" xg^r^^ Railwey sleepers - - -" "* f^^' Pig-iron tons .... -.Oats ., bush^.... ^ Smoked herrings. . ^ boxes Mackerel barrels Salitton, preserved packages. . Salmon,fre8h • - -No 8ha4 barrels.... Aieirives and herrings ^ -^^ • * * * ' 4 T^ial value. 2,997 331 1,009 383 150 466 10 643 173 238 1,652 65 32 8,900 . • 195 162 32 123 879 91 4,800 1,392 10 766 4,437 184 ^92 From the foregoing, it will be ^^en that the export tf the United ■ The folfe^ States of A'merican timber and lumber, cut on the upner fet. Jok, atfd ■ ' ^ shipped through the port of St. John, has very nearly doubled witb ■Iport of S the Et year, tnd is understood to be annually mcreasmg. ■ jdpdon of , .. The following is an account of the prmcipal ^ticles of colomal pro- ■ t ^ auce, growth aSd manufacture, exported to the Umt^^States from J^ ^ port of St. John,N. B., during the year ended 31st December, 1851, ■ f with their value : ilB^- "*" Ale and porte Bric^...... $87,2S.5«Booigandsta 9 3,7av^mgttgf and ch( 2,695Ml|„jlla ^^^Iroora brush. ^^^^P<»jpand cane ^^KM^ and coct com . . . Mvass. 6,181^ 'atde. 321 ^Bement, 5,3 J-tHoffr and yell t^Mr^'' 1S«?^'' WMirthenware...". ol'sB!"'?'*"*^ vegeta 21,S^fc«lfruit3 ° ^ 18 •rks .' tune. "_ ^_^ ^ur ^ eg t he lik e d e Bcrip tion of wtjcles ex w rted ^m ^flouf . ^ ^ twrt of St. J^hn to the United States in 1|60, was •/^/jl^' f^^ Tdecrease of that class of exportaUons t^ the extent of $32,616 m^^es. year 18^1. . . KX^' ■I ! iiife^ ■ ^ •. KMt to the United per St. John, ani \y doubled \vitliin ising. 33 of colonial pro- jd State.s from the December, 1851, ''»*^:-A mtity. Value. 5,997 w,m 331 1,655. L,009 1,270 383 9«0 150 3,750 466 2,695 10 5« G43 8,035 173 238 1,662 65 32 8,900 • 195 162 32 123 379 91 4,800 1,392 10 766 4,437 184 ^92 86i 291 m 2,5 2,4 1,8 16,1 ,M 1,! i exported from I $ i^;895^; m nt of $32,616 ml .;e- H. Doc. 130. I Ihe foBSwing is a statement ' A • growth, pn^uce, or manufacture of th?ji "^ ^^^ ^^'o«s articles th^ aeportof St. John during the v^ir iLF"'*?** States, Jmported;*. ^fiiption of articles: ^ ^^ ^^^ 1850, with the va^Tfach d Apothecary ware Ashes Ale and porter Biicjts , _ Books and stationery i>SSf'-- «wr 3.148 gallons 30,000 1}761 100 4 ifltter and cheese * I ^ '??^ ^^^ ■nia '" 233 cwt Iroom brush, . ■ __ ^^ ^ons. . . lark.... ' 53,954 pounds and candles." ." "I ?J'??^ - • do ffeeaiid cocoa. com, 10.060 ..do 155,050 ..do 2.321 tons Canvass 67,462 bushel 10,194 yards «menl . fT and yellow metal %-. ages _\' nfectionary lyewood enware... nteand vegetables fruits 25 bags 12 head . . 2 615 barrels 16 packages 261 cwt..... 329 packages 2(\ :_ 11, cwt., 1.243 cwt....'' 70 packages 62 ...do!.. 4.771 ...do... rs. . 1»140 cwt wks... ttture... ^eat^ur. , 'flour.... engine. Ses.. I Ware. : 18 cwt 1 box....:; 1.214 packages 37,082 barrels. i^iStnr^. Uo " = ""-- wheat. ••♦"V*. ',^,' ; «06 packages . . .* 1.109 ...do , 2 cases.... * , 193,'^23bu8hela..:;;:;L'^ 1»676 packaffM • **l MB H. Doc. 18 135 1,2» 191 179 24,657 SC,616 1,21J 2,0ft 8,2« r 99< 8ffi 2,6« .. .. 11 4,371 .... 4,8« an .... i\ 311 1,91 « ■ • • i« • « • • " ** 8,011 rrels 691 4,3^ • • • • • 20,31] » • • ■ • 19,4i| H. Doc. 136: J^'^ort into the port of St. Jokr,-^^ sm ontmued. Articles, ■Spices . ISirap. jStoves . ■Seeds., Jgcythe and grain stones IStarch iTallow and soap-grease Tea -^M- 116 packages 84 gallon^ ...!]" 7.952 IbV&srpack; 2 cwt 47 packages . .,[ 19 boxes . 3,072 cwt 'obacco..'.".".V.V ^?*^ pounds rimber, locust.... ■."." "^^* - -^o . . Timber, pitch-pine and oak ' " " 1 1^77 ^"^' " ' freenails ' * • .^ ^"^ {•"Pentine '■■''.'.'::'" 2^^ 'Vr'-- hmish ''^'^^ gallons . rineear \ A'^^^ --do... Vine... ' 15'999 ..do aleboneV. 4,380 -..do Fooden-ware Total value $676 75 25 1,392 13 353 78 22,470. 9,558 68,356 142 11,937 972 858 708 1,575 2,922 62 12,378 61, with their value : ^"^ P""^ °^ ^t- John, in the year Artiolea. necaries' ware. , 1 porter , ' and stationery tterand cheese... Quantity. 3,606 gallons 1,001 cwt....." sBwr esandi "1 vinegar. 88 cwt . . 371 cwt . . . -W tons-;— 159 cwt 168 cwt.. , 1,007 cwt...!!*.".'" 1,816 tons 183 bairels ..'.'..', 819 Dackacms ... J Valae. $27,025 705 6,490 36,046 890 hm 1,966 1,^ 8,0io 18,7f0 6,346 S06 8|64a "W*' *.^ l:ft. J»»por<» into «A« |»rf of 8t. JoAnr—Continued. Article*. V A. Canriages . . . Dye-wood • - Earthen and glass \vare . . . Fftlit and vegetables Fvimiture • - - - Dried fruit •'••; Wheat flour '- Rye flour ^Ulsic^l instruments .... 1 Com-ntteal Wheat ■^^^^ Com and^Qtber graift Groceries Haberdashery ..^ Hides ". Hops Hemp Hardware Wrought and cast-iron wares* . . . India rubber goods Leather manufactures and leather Salted meats Molasses Marble and other stone Cabinet-wocfti, veneers, &c Naval stores Oysters Oil Plaster Palm oil Rice Seeds....' Refined, sugar Brown sugai' •. Spirits TaUow Tea Quantity. 22 133 cwt 1,395 cwt 68,878 barrels . . 2,028 ..do 13 ....':.'.. 5,549 barrels .. 157,900 bushels:. 40,246 ..do Treenails Tobacco. . - iy-;-i---^ Wood^wares . . . . , Li^umvitsQ Wme Copper Hay 254 bales 60 .do.. 217 .do. 600 packages 9,875 cwt . . . 27,600 gallons 1,840 barrels 278 ..do 12,832 gallons • 406 barrels , 24 cwt 2,619 cwt 212 bushels ; 1,192 cwt 2,616 cwt 72,820 gallons .. . ., 4,182 cwt 6,269 chests, 84 lbs each 211 M 3y 7 77 cwt^^.. ..^ y^ 21 tons ... 3,169 gallons, 38 cwt... H tons .. Value. Sl,200 «55 9,910 11,590 6,775 8,845 297,820 6,890 530 16,780 149,325 34,385 8,315 158,395 26,435' 2,0 ■8,1 39,60< j 11,045 1 12,935 ; 45,( 81,935 1 ' 6,610 ) 1,740 1 4,0 \ 3,5001 \ * I \ 5,610 \ 465 175 ^,630 2,905 1 10,105 16,010| 42,0251 36,0^1 U3,315| 2,980l 13,0 2,49 1,29 n- |v. Value. $1,200 - • - * «55 9,910 . . . . 11,590 . .. . 6,775 * • • K 8,845 • • • ■ 297,820 . . . . 6,890 . • . . 530 . . . . 16,780 149,325 . . . . 34,385 . . . . 8,315 • * • • • 158,395 .... 26,435 2,060 • * • • - 8,190 . . . . 39,60« . . . . 11,045 . • . . 12,935 . . - . 45,600 • • ■ • 81,935 . . ■ • ^ 6,610 . . > • 1,740 . • • > . 4,010 . . ■ ■ \ 3,500 • • • • ■' \ 485 a . a ■ \ 5,610 . •' ■ * \ 465 • . ■ ■ 176 ^,630 * 2,905 10,105 16,010 42,025 36,029 lbs ■ ■ ■ • 113,31« 2,980 flQ44S0 -w-W-^-w . • • • 13,035 . « • ■ . a • ■ 2,^ a • • • ^^ • » * • :r:>* H. Doc. 136; . 5^ Pitch-pine timber live stock -••».' 15 cwt 4,228 tons . , 1 bull.. inting'press tirMngines^ Total value , 20,290 210 1,375 1,125 1,590 1,422,930 From the two preceding tables it x^'M u T ~ K ''' F"^^ ^^^^^ "^ ™t 7st'r^-^^"^ «^ ™- 1,120,582; and m 1851, was $1,422 gVT. I ■' '^''^" ^" ^^^O was krjear of $302,548. *^'*-^»930; showing au increase in the [An examination of these tables wni oi l b and timber at St. John from the Unted tZ '\' ?" ^'"P^^^ ^^ tel,fer exceeded the value of similar S.^'' ^""^^ '" ^^SO and ites Iff those years. "^ "^^^^^ exported to the United iThe'quantity of coals of colonial r.r^^ h from St. John in ISSoTaslHlT "^P?T'^ "^ ^^e United K Of coals imported from the iSt !? ?"'' "^^'^^ '"^ ^^t J^i^ Me those importedN werl^fhracite tK^^^ b,tuni,„ous descrip> k for steamboats and foundries w',^ T "" ^^'^^^^ '" i^s W they have not yet been aSdllouM h ^f ^T^^^^ "^' to ' Jwere imported free of duty. In issa^i^f ^^^"^^ ^^'•^^^^d if ptons, and the import from the United WT' exported ^imounted f wdl also be observS that New Rrnn • , ^*^' *° ^'^^^ Hi h large quantities of phch-nL "T'*l^ imports from SRjnited tkrequestVor ship builEa^ d oS? °'^"' ^'^''' ^hicb aSIn M.228ton8of pitJh-pineS'r vll ' ^'P^'^^' » In 1851 no le^ Mhn fmm th? UmCd S^Ses ' rt d /' ^ff''^ ^^« ^I^rTed h h^ptoiy, and black .wXut 'none of 'T"!? ^'''" Pi^^h-pine, pak, Wk would be great yincreaS^l^''^ ^'^ ^^""^"^ ^ew m other descriptions of w^ for'^'il^^^^^ ^^^ of duty; and £n^^?-^'^^^^^^^^^^^ the United State. , ^g ^achothe^^ eaih^ -.4' ■'■*•' ■ " »i{''ir' !•>•; till' y . . •tpuflCS* i t s mm p ec u li ar advantages fSV Jof sSntuS'fc*^^^^^ State, which en W lifaTa, T'"u""8«'"'f tl»»^^lf Ir 92. »fthe burden of Jfcffl 8.. M„ direct to porS^i^X Uniti'2^«"^^''f ""''er and Hv Doc. ^,831 tons.'i The rei^unmg 6lMbs8el8,l|^'«jfp5s|pS% ^re emplotyd in voyag^ffltetwelLSt. Jo^and th,e tJnitM'j The numb^ Jind toiai8p|f»of neWj, ships^uUt and -fetted Ji) port of St, Jolin j^ the y^|^§60 and,l86J. afe as follows ix*- %^' m^j [^fwje^ew ships built at St. Jofeun(„in 1851, fourteen, measBmie i0,33^ toiif, were for owners iii the llp^d Kingdom, and twenty-one ■Jiers, of the burden of 1 1,398 tons, ''^fl|re sold ana transferred tootlier ^ irt? during the yean This amount^io 21,73(6 tons of shipping es- Sorteid from St. John during the. past yeaf|estimated at $800,000, p^s hot appear in the export returns.. ' ; / A great imp'rovementjin the model, aip^ finish of New Brunswidj built ships has taken pl^e within a few years, and their value kj; thereby Tbee^ greatly augmented in the Ena^sh markets Larch tit better kniowp by its local names of hackmatae or tamarack, is now| xhtefly used in the construytioh of the New/Bruq^wick ships; andihij wood has been so greatly approved, that/ in 1860 the committee ol undierwriters fet Lloyd's decideovto admit hackmatae vessels to tbei red 'star cla§S for six years. This war the same committee has ft resolved to admit tlicse vessels to we seven-years class. The resell tion runs ttius : " ■ / "Hackmatae, tamarack, junijper, andlardh, of good quality, free&oi sap, and not grain-cut, will be allowea in the construction of ships the seyen-years class, for the fojllowihg parts: Floors; first, secoi and third foot-hooks and top timbers: stem and stern post; tram knight-heads, hawse-timbers, apron, and dead-wood." The number of vessels "belonging lo the port of St. John on the 31i day of December, 1860, was 636, oi the 31st day of Decethber, 1861, the of 94,810 tons; the decrease is ai bemc^ld during 1861. ^^^nK>pulation of St. Jphn h QP,)M || ^e to population is unus ;■■■• / •den of 99,490 tons: was 6lS»oftl]eburda a number of old vess( 6,000 souls, the proportioi iidiliWett Indies.. H, 0bc. 180. ^ 6^» giaaoimt of the numhert tonnaee ml '' ' _ "'*'* *^* out-batji m 1850. '■l/< The total amount of shipping owned at the port of Miramichl on the 31st day of December, 1851, was 93 vessels— 7,466 tons. During 1851, the number of new vessels built on the gulf coast of NewBruns. 'wick was twenty-one, measuring ll,87£i tons; of these four were over 1,000 "tons each, ^nd five were over 700 tons each. The vessels v^piich entered inward and cleatid outward atMira- michi during the years 1860 and 1851, were as follows: CountrfeB. I <5reatBritain British Colonies United States Foreign States Total Countries. Oreat Britain. . . British Colonies. United States . . Foreign States.. Total,. 1850. Inward. Number. 42 118 29 13 202 Tone. 16,438 10,695 7,512 3,088 37,733 Outward. Number. 95 92 3 196 Tom. 3431 4,6851 ml jofi 40,3]] I 1851. Inward. Number. 48 124 38 9 219 Tom. 19,017 10,305 9,152 1,612 39,986 — * Ontward. Number. 104 100 6 6 216 Toil. 4-3,2^ The total value of imports and exports at Miramichi in 1851 i3j| stated: Imports, $347,990; exports, $411,700. • Of the imports at Miramichi in 1851, goods and merchandise fro the United States,* of similar descriptions to those importecl atSt-Johi ^^er& r e c e ived to t h e ext e n t 9$ $47,435 . , i .. t of Miramiclii oo 166 tons. During i ast of NewBruns, jse four Were over I outward atMira-l ws: 850. Outward. Number, Tom. 34,SS6 4,88S m Mi 95 92 3 .0- 196 40,377 1 Ontwui 1 Number. Tom 104 100 6 6 39,U( ■5,58 30 231 216 45,25 chiin 1851 is J merchandise fro ported at St. Johi H« i>oc. 136. T1« experts to the United Staies in 1851 were as Mows: Articles. [Alewives '... Igalmon IShad >.. fferrings..., tfackerel Preserved salmon . . Qoa(j«tjr. Ij337 barrels 458 do. 2 do. 3 clo. 55 do. 2 do. 73,736 pounds 77,000 ' Vahie. ''^ J S4,160 5,715 10 15^ 165 15 13,050 135 1 ^* I ' I * h '1 .-I < Iritish navigation lawsT the Umted Kingdom in 1851 t£ ?• ^^ °^ P'°*' '•'"ber exported follows: Inward, 1^8 vess^ls'^-Ji^^^^^^^^^ '"'""'^ ^^ *his pon Zc ,666 tons. esseis— 21,774 tons; outward, 102 veVsels— fioM^'"'S— '^^^"^°^^"^P«rtsinl851wa.$77 8'5n. r '^'"^' Shippmg, inward, 89 vessels--14 Ofif/ ' ""^ ^-^Po«s,» isels--15,991 tons. *«»'seis--i4,065 tons; outward, 79^ AtiUchibucto the value of 4 I t , * ni - i. \- ' [1 > £{< *^f R \ v'jt ' „^iii '- '^:'-'' :■: The trade I summed up: {Imports at S I Imports at pc llmportsai Si Total im Total im Increase ortsfrom- orts froB J ipoits froiri g Total exp Total exp( Increase in Ships and [Vessels — (lerfiotonsi. wveSOtons... Total.,.. H. Doc. 136. The trade ofthe colony of Nawu i*t ^^ Ummedup: ^ ^""'^^^^^^or the year 1851 is thug Imports at St John.. fcnlff'^i °"theGu"]f::::::: '■-... $3,749,685 I Imports ai St. Andre W8......_ 877 865 ^ Totalu„portsinl85l' ^ ^^Wo Totaiimports in 1850.. '*.*;;; "' 4,862^ * * -' 4,077,666 *<.,/ I.J • • • •' Increase in 1851., lorts from. St. John...... jorts from ports on the Gulf" " " " ' • lorts from St. Andrews .' : ' ' • ' ' 774,775 •-.. $2,055,130 '••• 1.454,975 270,000 Total export^ in 1851 " '"- ' ^^ - - ^M|tw. ;.ifc Totaiexportft in I860.::: ::::--' >■■— 3,730,105 /- '^illlaf l«c«««,;ni«.r I -J -•::-••'--..... 3,290,090. --.,: SfffTi'" Increase in 1851 i Itein. 588 H. Dms. 1M$* / Number (f iww vei$fls buUt in New Bnmiwick in 1851. Number. Tm,. 60 21 6 2S,62S 5,603 IM 87 34,3S 8t. John . . . . Miramichi. . . St. Andrews. An average of nearly 400 tons to each vessel. The value of imports into the port of St. John and its outbajsfJ the United States in* 1861 was $1,530,900, being an increase on i K receding year of $366,000. Fully one-third of all the imports few Brunswick are drawn from the 'United States, and the ?>"" would be greatly increased under more liberal arrangements. Fisfieries of New BrunnuicJc in the Bay of Fundy. The following statement of the extent and value of the New Bn wick fisheries in the Bay of Femdy is from an official document, coi piled with great ca;re, in 1860, by a gentleman who, in that year, appointed to visit andji inspect the various fishing stations and es lishments in the bay : J Grand Manan. — At this island there are twenty-four fishing vessd with two hundred and ninety-one men; and mnety-four boats, r two hundred and eighty-two inen. The precise quantities of cod, lack, hake, haddock, and herrings are not stated, but the total r " estimated at $37,600. Campo Bello. — At this island there are eleven fishing vessels, withJ two men ; fifty boats, with one hundred men ; and tweniy-one wein,! tended by one hundred men. The catch of all these in 1850 is r slated: 6,340 quintals of pollock, 1,760 quintals of cod, 5,100 1 of herrings, 480 barrels of mackerel, 160 barrels of pickled haddock! cod, 120 barrels of oil, and 40,000 boxes of smoked herrings. T| value, $40,940. ■• \ ^ fVett Isles. — At this group' t)T islarids (m the immediat^ vie the » boundary, near Eastport) there are twenty-seven fishing y« with one hundred and fifty-six men; two hundred heats, witf hundred men; and seven weirs, attended by thirty-five men. catch of these in 1860 is thus stated: 20,800 quintals of pollodi hake, 3,760 quintals of cod, 3,600 barrels of herrings, 800 band "picktedt^ and4mddtKi k/ 460 b mi e ly of oil, a n d 5,000 boxMfl fi herrings. Total value, $51,060. Harbor of St. John. — In this harbor there are about two hu boats and five hundred men employed in the fisheries. The ( I860 is thug stat^:' 40,000 sflmon, (exported to Boston, &e.i / iw tvick in 1861. i Number. Tom. 60 21 6 2S,6 1( 87 34,35 I and its outbays froj ng an increase on i )f all the imports in states, and the ; jrangemenls. \) of Fundy. lue of the New Bn ifficial document, coi who, in that year,! ing stations andesK^ t^-four fishing vesst iinety-four boats, i ; quantities of cod,} d, but the total ( shing vessels, withfi ,d twenty-one wein,J II these in 1850 is 1 s of cod, 6,100 1 of pickled haddocki loked herrings. Tl 3 immediate vicinilj ^-seven fishing ye indred boats, witl] ' thirty-five men. juintals of pollockl herrings, 800 ba ire about two hu fisheries. The ( to Boston, &&, I lM^^lay,^l^ th. ; ""'" """'' "^"^^ ""^ '^^' Total wwaasGurabeVd V'^ "orihoas.ern arm of ,h n m with five h^Zai;}^^'' ""'' '^'o hun Irtal value of iVevirn,,, .,' . ' "> ^850, es- I TAe/ree navigation of th \ " " ' " • - «2G3,5oo Ne extent and navigable ch '"'' ^^'^ •^''^«- Hy noticed. ^"^^"^ character of the river S^ T u . From its mouth, at the harbor nr« r '''• "^^^^ ^^^ve been Irmtkeseatethe Grand P,il. ' " '°'>'- h^dred and " •Irifces (he river %, T i"'" "'onomem ai ,J^L ""'"' "'"ve the « a«l New bCsw^/?''?'- ^om Ihence the t '""J"^ "f ">« St! h "d fc left bTta ^v "^ "^ «'• Johrt i^t^r*^-"™ "■««» P wiisand tbrp«> K., j / *"^ '^^^ ha« bepn «o»' °*"«« Par- g^^ wate.^ by the S. T K " '"'^'^'^''^ ^ 530 n^T^. 136. v ■ T'. '-*■ -^ ■ ■ * f ''j^f^v^HII -li •i|ul| 4 ■'' ', 1 1 ;i -' *■' 'i ■ ■* ? i '; ' 1 ii' Aftpr the settlement of the boundary, by the treaty of :Wa8hington, in 1»tf i was dSd in nearly equal proportions between the Statesrf 1842, It ^,^^ "''''" .„•„„„ each of which bus since sold a number of j "'^rt wtafeof Siillimbor and lumber cu, «W„ .Us dMc, H| ine wnoieoiuii- .,,,„„.: tv which s floated down the Penob- , the exception ot a «"^^ /l^l^"'^',^ Jgt John. On being shipped fro J scott) finds Its way « *^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^ auty, since th*. 1st M-iy, md :Sr h^ wL^-i- - ^^ SIcu Jfeet of ^e p JaJ at the louovviuo I j . jv^m.^ timber, htleen cents; masts or sbars^ and the sum of twenty cent? on o*eiy thoasand #,.[ S feet o^f saw-logs, sawed lumbej:, or scanthng. ^ o^: , | • Tbs export dut^i^ paid by all timber and lum|)Cr ahkfe in ew B:^;Sr.nd/ ev^part of ^^^^^^J^^:^ ' r^Xurw;:^k andt^^^^^ pass^uyl. l Si timber and lumber cut by American cit.zens, Wjthin ih^^hH laciurea, t,iu^ j tributaries— of which tact reason by the nver ^ft- John, or '^y ^^« ^^j^^^^^^h^u have free OTi rdlLVA sa^^^^^^^^^^^^ amfS said tributaries haiingtyrs^ ^TiSia theCe ^f Maine. \o and 1-- the seaport ^^^^^^^^ ■ feaid river St. John, and to and round the fidls ^ said riv«-, eitherl ^aJ rafts or other conveyance;" -Ouit when mlhm (^ promceii "ST^^he^aid prod J shall be M^i u:Uk a. ,/ rt u.re the r^ "" Th^^foil of the Crown to assent'to tbe^olonial aqt was^^^^^^ • the priSS that neither the legislatufic of New Brunswick ■ ^nced^dSaTstinctio^ ^bd out^ as to operate Ver>^ J^vantageou. y upop A A n^^ ll-lti,h covernmASfcsuch case might mmU rchTmbJand^oStSrlW^ ^^^^^'.^^ BUJohtwere subject to forei^Vx «" "T"SeltaJ ^"£ Ais construction of'tiie principle of the treaty^^^c M of New Brunswick passed a seoond act rendering all timber aMj ^>,Ted from the%vince alike subject to the export^.^ act has been in operation since May 1, 1844. ^-^i < 9^" -a, fA'-" •aty of ^Washington, in , between the States ef ■""« sold a number of Xk ^' Doc. 136. ince soiu u. uumuer ot 1 Permits for the like v.* Iiin this district (\vitb ted down the Penob-j On being shipped from J ice thf» 1st IShiy, 1844, j of white pine titfiber, e tiniber, fifleen'cents; tac, h«|^d-wo ng. '^o. lumijcr ahkfc in Nc 3. It was imposed L cbllt^ctin^'stUBlp«|e id St passed in tliat coIom IP, within lhg4i|p«31 5t. John, was expres inioii'''or the&Jv,oflii( jceive the royal m' as contrarytfijtlljEilt -W.ons white-pin!^i.. ^^^°^ ^^--^of 10,000 ton« 'hacknSc wf'u'' "' ^« P^^ ton f ,im inis a..uii;i ^mtti KOOO.OOO white-pine W, f £''''' '"^^ «7 Per ton «600,000 ted down the Peno^ KoOfl.OOO r-uce^%sT«? ^^^^H"' »J^«u«an, " ' - r.. l,«,n„ «l,.nn.,. r.„ ^j^oOO.OOO pfrie board' ^ . t^' *'^«"«and . i,000,OOO cedai'.and pinp 1 • f '^'' ^^^""sanfl 70,000 300,000 100,000 750,000 , 45,000 80,000 loniid aQtwasI--... New Brunswick i to make 8 tnportation Iv^ ^^ egi .adnut tgd at^^ ' ■' - J the treaty, tklem •ring all timber and ll the export duty; i Jprice^areadvanciW tho vnJ . •__^.945;000 Pject to export duty if 1- ^"f ''^ t'own the S T ,"" ^"'"^^^ cut Ka.toulatifnwoujJ;^;hpped fi-on, th,,,^,f :,;l^';^'.«houId ^ ps^ms they J,oi- comr^H^ ""^^^^^^^^ oi AW Rr? '^^'^^« «^r ifhe-lifflits of the fJnifT2 ^^^ ®t- John mi .? "^ ^^'^ whoJe S'fl'«^"^^f sixt^S^:: 1^1^^^^ for sman -1^^ , •■'■ 'iff T- i'T'* f^^H. ..ir -deed -.Vi«„.aitr «be_5 ..Ai 1-* fl*>*l> bf'" * » 69^ H. Doc. 136; In taking the census of 1861 it was found that there are ,n New Brunswick, upon streams flowing into the'St. John, 218 saw-miUs and 147 grist-miUs. The tributaries of the iSt John af!ord an amount of water-power which is incalculable ; a very small portion only hasyel ^TliHoS' bordering on the St. John is well adapted for setde- Vent and cultivation ; the soil is excellent, and produces large crops. As vet, it is verj' thinly populated ; still it was lound, by the recent census that in the counties bordering on the St. John the followingl «iiantities of cattle were owned, and crops raised, m IboO : I ^Cattk, 89,657 head; sheep, 9G,7G0; swine, 23,391; hay, mml tons; oats, 840,445 bushels; oota.oes, 1,U^K) 883 bushels; ^vhea (above Fredencton,) 42,500 bushels; butter. 763,334 cwt. ; ami pie sugar, 124,u00 pounds. , . v u i • n ,i. Tfie larch or hackmalac timber, which abounds m all the tcmtorj watered by the St. John and its tributaries, is highly prized lorsta building,, and is greatly sought after by American ship-builders. N-J built of this wood are rated as .first-class lor seven years, while built of spruce and pine only stand in that rank lour years. So much of tills wood -was carried out of New Brunswick. Maine and Massitt;husetts in 1850 for ship-building purposes, tliatt Wislature of New Brunswick became tdarmed, lest the slup-yards thlt colony should taU shbrt of a supply ;^md a special eicportdd was therefore imposed cm knees, foot-hooks, and flo*jr timbers, wki sent out of the countrv. This act has been suspended in its oper?- durin.^ the present year ; but tlie very fact that such a duty liasi been imposed, and that it maybe demanded in luiother schsoiJ another and powerful reason for an amicabc and equitable amml ment which will open the navigation of the St. John, to citizeusj the United States, and ndlcve them from the payment ot .all, or jJ export duties upon their products, whether ot thg forest, ol mmev aiirieulture, in their transit to the sea. - , . As viduable interests arise, and border relations become raore^ plicated, this question will yearly become more diffacult ol arr4 ment. The magnitude of lumbering operations upon the waters oJ St. John, and the expense at which those operations are cunduetefl the enterposing and industrious citizens of Mlune, as also the mia of a Iwge body of Airfbrican citizens, who, in constantly mcreij numbers; are forming new settlements on the affluents of the bt.Ji and conducting agricultural operations upon a large scale, dtmar" fostering caie and watchful protection ot government. tv^^ . W. Doc. ise Y^'^'ftl'^^arly history and of th. ' ^^ eU adapted for setd.g Nova Seotia is o^e of th M ' """"^'^- J-<^-o.^, ^! g?^^ ,t. Jdm the foUow^BJ.,^ these shores! Sr'^'i"^-^ --"1"^^"^^^ nment8,andhencefIidnotS. '^' ^"wevcr, no n. °P^^"« that pe French navi Jo^s h^ 'T""''^' '^^ ci^liZl'fT''' «««]e- E&ation of this coS nm rT'T"'^^' then, c d tr, ^^^^"^"rous «^ofthe great nShern':?'' '^''^ ">ark.s th^v Iw •'' 'r^^^« the itantinevlryport^n "r^"^^^«^'tern regions of S^^?.^" ^" the wilder- krsoftlieHjiXvM? ^ '''^ ^'''^'^■^ o^' AnTerir. "i^-'^ "f the St. !^fofMexi-co!'Sv^,,t^^^'^«'PPi. ';om the S^> |"^^ -I[ -long the Kvages of this conSm • T "^^'"^'"'^ ^^^^ French n^^^'''''^^^ *" ^^e ketsand bayonets .vn^Vi ^'''' ''""^^^ o<"the £2,^^^^ conquered ^ hedoriest,Cd: ,";^'it^-^«r'"^'«^^^^^ finpsof'thered men nf,hr''P'''^^'^^^ zeal nrSjKf.f ''^"tand «tious savage, t ^r^' '''"^ °^'»'- PrS't^i^^^^'y '"^o ;he ^Catholic ehnrch^Lfere: ^'^^ 4'ay 0?^^-^? ► superstitious savage Z n ""^ °^'»''« PrS and n '^ '"'° ^^« |cathoiicehu.^.L^:- K^^ff^^^Sf Nome by the r>nm. . , ''^'^ ^.^ Phdtfrcn of the ^«^«rtothesettl.^ . """" ^<^ad»«-novv JVova A lonro rn'-y which it?J «™'>ngthe crown iewpir r t^^''^'^^* This ■* '■■■•"■>■■■-»■ ■-!!fjiv4-' T ''■ ,» »i. 634 H. Doc. 136. J »ff • TVotJvP Conner was also discovered along the shon shire, and Maine. N?ti^«/;7Pf'Jg^i„ ^he trap breccia of the Nort of Cape D'Or, ^"d/" °^^,^^fc mountain range ; ^^^ J\"^^^,„eath the waters which bathe ihe'fo brilUant metalhc copper ^een bcneain i^ ^ of that Forv^'^^^y ™ ;";f;\Te\er^^ thlir explored The ear y J/^"^^ .^J^J'^^,^^^^^^^^ they manifested more skill a, the mmeral wealth «' J^^. "^^J'^^gtimate of their value, than is to L ^^n^r:^^^i^^^-^ ^' uninhabited rcio. ^^^&je occ^K^^^ ^Sr -Sid how much the IVenc^J-u^^^^^^ treasures of the shores ot trie gre own people knew i| ?8^i3n'mu:tr:em^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^;i -) Sence it is no ^^^'^^^^'^^^^^^ of the various countries wt3 ' correct know edge ot t*'f^ "^,^"1^ " \ij//ti,ey should have roco>(l«l1 they e-P})«"^J; , I\'47Se aS mmsmitfed .n accbunttf tfiJ discoveries which th^Y ^aat, ana ^.ountrymen t^ flock toi - France, in order to induce ™° « ^^Xw ^is to ransack the a J shores of the New World, f "^^"^^ J^^^ Xt ^e should be able J of the Jesuit colleges, .^^^ j ^f" ^^^^ l^^ealth of Nova Scotia and of » cover i-opords concermng t e »^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^^^.^.^^^g . Brunswick, sift-h as we t^"^^^^X ^"^^3 ^f Oiat wonderful regkl rior while t)repar.ng a r^X^^^^^^^'^^^eems to be thq duty ofle J torian of raineralogical science to ^ancn • j. ^i^^y^tJ exploreii^ the country, as much f^/^^^ to t c origin of facd civ'il and polit cal --"^^^"^ ^^ ^^4^. U^^^ • '"'N"vaSotla is a mo., remarkable r?"-'"™'';;.^^";"?!^! LBWrcnee river, and its opposing uilaj^wave. . . - odsi andcS«aininginnu.nerable.ffl.K.s of 8»"1 J^CH coal beds; SineTLoIiy^^labu^M upon the seoco^t.atth^iW *.». 'W ■k'- 'A. H, Doc. 130. V fginally perpendicular to the horizon S uf ^^/^"^ ^h^t they w6re ori! htmtrfied rocks from their prigiiS;^^^^^^^ d^ees fr;om the vertical line. ^ "'"'«"' /o an angle of about fifteen Beneath the -great masses of coal- formed from tl Ibm, we find a thm, 4,ed of blacfc shal^S . ^ ?^ ^*^"V« «f -S^^i^- ' Je genus /Vem«««..^ fresh-water sheU wll''"'? '''""^' ^««embfiri§ ' [detemined ,and described, living heel mlf U '^ ^^ll,""^ *^^^" ^"^7 nus Jfj,fe/«^ Above Uis, the rocks nS^ ?^^^l^en prombly fo^ the ge- 4^a.« and of liumerous speS S r T'^ ^'^""^'^"^ ^^-"'^ of |of%peIlent bitujninous coal are seen pi. •"'"''''• ^l^^-'-nate beds L the British North American mS/cS"^^ shore! . ■ '-• lee is now working, extensive mines if on^ fli ^?^^»dy opened ; Icoal IS i)ecuharly fitted for Yorsc^ ZlVT , ■■'? ^"'^^ '^^^s. - This * to, both ofNew BrunsSand oAS'' "^^^ 'T^"^^^ ^^^ the " . I A Tisit to'thesc' mines will Wf^U V \ Jsee tht^elics of the ^primeval tJe'^Xl irh'r'"7"^^ ^'^^^^^ to f Ikve sf^en^ hours beh4h the p,^^XouTn^^^ We ^ N ibe massive difT., and, have heS 'Sth ^t "-\' f '"^'^ ^«^™ ' ' If trees, mo^Uy of tht, %z7/a^riror ^^ ""t"?' '^^ J^"g«^trynks Iverour heads-one, rortylbetTn/^nrT A-^^"'"^ Jhe vault of rocks - ' «•' k Iving directly across^the LilK^^i"' "^'l}^-^ ^et in diam- . . . - W o/the chambers of the mine fnt.her Sh''*"''^ ^*''''";? '^' ^<^f "^ ' be spreading roots of tHese ancient trS a ^1"'''^ T^t^'^ '^^'^^^th . ,. ^ Ions .n the shale of the roof of the S w ^'■''Tf '^"^'- ^^P^"" ■' ^ fcems onheLcpidodendron ^vere seeh'S^nf;] ■ ^^l^ ^"'^ there -the 'sdaly ^ - • fe rocks, or procumbentlyrrnosSit'f'""^^''^'''- '^^ formst^rougfe "the rocks. Now and tilTShtr LThrtT' ^ ^^^ ^"^^««d ^ jp-^sentrng tha. foliage of the Su 'tre^fpr ^ Wfronds^is seen, ' ' fcves remind us of the spr^adiarSs oNb / "''"'^ br««cl,:'flag-like , . futhPacific ocean. To the SS .) ^^^ tj'T^'^' islands of the 'M Ispiteof its uncouth name^^lf fc . ^ fT^''^'^Sk^^<^^lmmf^s,' . V' Wst a classic land. The eminri^/n'"'''^ ^'""4 ^^ '« ^o the N signs of a mal deposite ond X ^' ""'"^^ seesThere the nevcr- U for buildinrandrgVinSones'^^H^^ '"^'f --"-"^ mL . ■ 1 " . l/ormation that the grinds onerwhth'' ^'"" '*^^'' ^^ ^his ve* • , r Atlantic coast are derived -and S iV ^^'r "'*' ''^^^ """"iy aU , . •. .^nd. Cape Merriaguin,Cl the wlm^.P^^^^^^^^ (grindstone . "* * h^t strata w4h ^^d he t^MZ ^ ^^'f?^^^"^ ^Y^ ^d ' ^ K"l too^s of trade n?e formed *L^^^^^^ "ateriaPfrpm which these . , - , .'i ) ^7:Stones of superior quditv .nf. ,"" P*^t'5"*l"ic river, both '^ ' 'N, H I'^Unyr,-*-; .^.; '.^: l^i Dpc. 136. ■;^*H' 536 <;tones from the Bay of Fundy. T%Jiiyriad3 of grindstones which are bZghtrour market employ an^mense amounl, ot tonnag^. a„f giVe employment to a great pumber of merchants m all our towns. \Vhodoes not know how much our success m ^g^-icultureis due to gypsum? Yet, how few stop to inquire whence ,t is procjred I, J Slv all brought from the quarries of Nova Scotia and New Bruns- wick and beloncrs to the cAil formhtion of' those provinces. It is used Tat^W wonderful extent in tlio United States, and hnds its way, by railroads, cannls, rivers, and lakes into every part of.our cwnt^ where the hand of tlK. farmer is employed ♦Aj'aising grasses, whcat,a„d com. A vast amount of tonnage is sufttairied upon the waters by thJ traffic in cvpsum, taken from pature's inexhaustible storehouses ml the rocks of the provinces whicb now occupy our attention. I The coals of Nova Scotia are of various kinds, and arc wholly dit-l ferent from thole of the United States; at least they differ from all tfel coals which are found on the eastern side ot the Appalacbian chiunoj mountains, so that they do not enter into competition with the™ obtmned from mines in the United States, which supply our coasU Thev are some of them suitable for the smitli's use, others tor steamboat others for gas.making, &c., and will be always required, wbatovcrmal be the supply from our own mines ol Pennsylvania, Maryland, ^ Virginia; tlie mine near Richmond, Virginia, lurnish.ng the only bd minous coal that will serve in the place ot the coals ot Nova^cotd Hence, we shall not fear that any i^A can come to our own coaJM from the competition of .the British provinces. Coals are found H abundantly in Pictou, at New Caledonia, Glasgow, on East ruer, in various parts of the great coal-basm which lies on the northern c« of Nova Scotia. The island of Cape Breton also iurnushes an abu ance of excellent bituminous coal. i • u i j In the province of New Brunswick recent explorations have hroad to light a most beautiful, and before unknown, variety of highly biri minous coal, containing sixty per cent, ot gas-mabng bitumen ad forty per cent, of coke, which yields but half a pound ol aslie q hundred weight. This coal is in the true coal formation, and is ta in a highly incUned bed running nearly northeast and southwest, ■jj - the trend of the enclosing strata. This coal mifie is one of heni remarkable in America; not only on accouirt ot its beautitui, clff- glossy, and highly bhuminous characters, so admirably adapted tw( ^ak-iJg, hut also on account of the abundance beauty and per^ of its fossils, and especiaUy of its embalmed fishes ot the Pakm genus— fishes of the true coal formation of America, and analog*! Siose of the same formation in Europe. Six or more new specK this ^enus Palamucus we have described m a^pnn'ed memoir on coal mine. Timeapd labor, doubtless will adJ mimy '"ore to the 1 and the Albeit county coal mine will become the Mecraot pUgmj - seich of fishes of olden 'time. This coal, as already sugge^ "w a new variety, pa»"ll(!iil!«"lv iidaiHeiHrH..- - - . „ . fiirnishes A very rich gas, highly charged with carbon, c;>»r£, of olefiantgaa; iihd hence, is the very material that is >y'»nted bj f ' ■ tifaciurers to enrich the products of ^ur semi-bitutoinous coats ot m H. Doc. 136. 587 landandVi'rg4nia.» Itiq nnt»o«j ^ ' o97 ^th6ther coaJs in the ^oporons'^^rf;" ^'^^ ^^'-^^'^'^ ^"t is mixed thus gives Ae best product Vac^n-be 0^- V^^^'*^ '^ one-third and "CT'^/T^"^^« the cokV^ftu?^'-^^^^; and "^ ^^^ sa^letime, mipwtauon ^ the Albert coal into the E f '^'«^''^".? coals. The for«, in any #ay interfere with the s^t 5 ''''- '^^-^^^^ does not. there! conyar^, enables us to usecoal^that wou dr^^T" ""^^•^' ^"t/onThe etforgas-riiakiqg It also .aves much 1^7 "• *'™^'^ «"d a^y ^i! for making oil-gas from whale and fish 07 '"^ '? ^W^ratus requirS blui«h flame produced hv «^. r "®' "^ed to ennrh tl.-. ^ , "=" gJworks. ^idi the pXfts Zeof"^ ^f ^'^^ -^^ "-pWedPatouT fc valuable coaJ will SSedltT ''^r "^ ''"'^''^^^orlZlo^io^Z ke United States will tend tol ^ ft wS'^^S'^"^ ^'- Stitf [cknge of commodities with our provinc J b T ^"'^"'■■^' '^J ^^^^- Thus far we have called nu ^ . ^''^' brethren. • nation and t^ their contents. But NoT'i^ ?• ^'^-^ \^^^' "^ ^^e coal ,eologicaJ resources; all the rocks from .? ®''°'''' ^'^ a\o„miT rich in ■ewred sandstone series, bei^ asTt wlt'!7''^^^^ "P to the ;nce a, are still more extendi grouns m 'h'^'"''? 'I^'"'^'^' ^"^ ^^^^^X is obvious that America has befrcTt n '''""^' "^ ^reat Brfc at our rock formations are so w^le anZ'' """'' '-^P^"^''^^ scalef aTd toflces the various dejx)sites: an :,"h ''"^^P ,^« ^o separate to ireoi ntnotic manner declared tin/ .f- ' '^"^""i^h Vanuxem has in n S «lo,«l scale is t^t^^l^^^:^^ ^ ^^ ^n^:it ' tthat It would be much more co^venTenf ;^t^^"""t conceal the irer to our metalliferous denositLcu^ ^° ^^'^^'^ our coal a hffJp ;« and Wales. In' SrSthTet 'V''-^ ^'"^ ^^'^^ - EngbS sand veins of iron ores, and to her cop" ^b! ''^^ """'• ^« ^^^^ vas 3 furnrsh good roofing slatfes, and are fiSfn; " V?^'^^' ^^e slate 'P;«)cks are of the same age and cnnr "'"^^ ^* ^^^^ "^^t^ls. Her ^south sho,. of Lake %:i^TltJr'' T^'"''''' ^ ^hto 2« nver, and on Isle Rovale, whfcht? t^ ^ ^'?'' "" ^^e On- »^olnaave copper and silVcr. Nadve '1 ^^'^" ^ :,''^' ^" ">h in '^ t!^P breccia, and amygdaloid onhe?^K """'^ ''^'"'' ^'^ fo"nd ^. in numerous places from D,bvNeA-? ? '"«""*''''"« «f ^ova te " ^'^'T' ^'•"^ ^hen theT^^^sl^n be i , ^'P' ^'^^ ' '-^"d there |labor, and of mining skill and nni • ^ ^'''"'^ '''^"^""t of scien- Ws in Nova Scoi, that Zre itsTeen^ 'T?''^^' '» ^"^^Sg bee«^sed many deposites of vSu^toth. " ^^^ Superior, therf J^tfml bretiiren n^' means of elSln/T .^°""L^/«ffordingto our W^ beds^of sandstone tXv^^S^^T-^'^^T"^^ our^peopfe' trap-rocks. t'«%tcted upon by ,^ im H. Poc^ 186. Sandstone* suitable fprthe hearths 9f iron furnaces are abundantly , obtained upon the borders of Cumberland bay. and oJres of manganese are abundant as shore- pebbles at Quaco and other parts of the Bay of FundV, and veins of this ore are found in the hmcstone rocka of the province. Iron ores of the very best qualitv are abundant near the Basin of Mines, and near Anapohs, at mctau, and Clcuients, on Digby Neck, and also near the cold mines of Pictou. 1 hesa rich iron ores cannot find an American market so long as England furnishes iron to her proving may open the way to more profound knoii edeeofthelawsof the universe, and brings about results not at W anticii^ted. No one kno^ys how useful a stone, ajrfirst sight^^ppareH uselesjrnay become by the hand of science _ \ What beautiful laws were opened bv Sir David Brewster, andotli by the study of the polarization of light by ci^stajs of these veiy r erals,\so that these discoveries are now reduced to real pecuniary v^ in every w%U condu^Sd sugar plantation of the world. Again, polarizatioli Of light is now turned to account not only in detecting intimate structure of bodies, so iis to learn their nature, however m^ but even the hght of a wand/ing comet, ofc of the fitting aurora b lis, is caught, between the»r polarizing crystals and made to c(^ whether it is\ intrinsic, or is borrowed froni some otlier m We shaU< therefore, cjjjim sqme attention to the curious mmen Nova Scotia, thoilgh their uses may not be all at once apparent. Thefrpographical 'features of Nova Sqotia aie not less reinartJ than the geology of that province. Wc have along the Buy of H NoT..-We refer to the memoir of Mo88«. Jackwn w^ A^?^ •\*5TtheKM ^^N^^ti^ |mMkhed.m4h%Ameri c « n .T o« n)»l^ ^.eugg^j,^^^A.^ l^ubliHhed in the xVanB^S^ of the American ^^'^f^^f^l^^]^''^^ m d«8cripti«n8 of the intewHting mineral* «»* '«'^«S *f r^-.^iT^ pubUshed m the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of ^^X'^Jn«Mia Sfof Pictou. Al«.,to8irCharle. Well'. '^'f'^'^Z^'^^^ilS tioni publUhed by him in the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society oi ww«». BMiki on the geology of parts of thi» interesting province. ^^^i^S2;^S^' ^y ^^^- -ion or the .a Ue of juaction of{he trap ^ik S t nettT '^^ '^ ^^^"^ « "^'o an overhanging mass- of columnar tran ml -^ ^^ndstone, and forms I tTT' ,^'^'«^"P ridge runs ENE^ Sw'ir'"'^^'^"^ P^^««« «« "Tn^K ^Xr'* thirtymlles in length from Briar'^M^'^ ^"^ ^^^^"ds one ofDigb;5rNeck,t« Capes SpA and BWdl^'^^"^' ^^ tl,e e^remity more picturesque coast than this/ TheTfr"' ■ ^''"^ '^^"»«t be a I crowded forests of fir and spruce trees first^r?'"]^ ""«^^' ^"^ their .he Bay of Fundy. Their Light serv;s to TT '''" P' ^' ^^ cross tkdnvingfugsot-thebay.whifhmeltSoZ^^^^^ the mterior from sides of these mountains and disappear ^"^ ^' ^^^P^ss "P the Beyond this barrier we come to tl • i, Anapolis dyer, which takes its rise in ^h?r' ''"? ^'^l''^^^^ valley of ^he b, where the teeming soil bears abunJttnTf" °^^^"^^^^' cLwal! Passing this valley as we w*^,;? Produce. «,ine to the South mountains, the LT S-^"**^? ^^e .country, we conljuning the rich iroti oi^s of NiSau and P?" "^^' "^ «^«^« »^«ks, ' or their abundant Silurian fossils, u^ha^^^'"'!' '" ^^"^^kabl^ %m, and other welUnownlbssils of t^eslLh "^"f'^^^mmrdel we come to the granite rocks whip-h we^e elS^r^^^i'' ^"^"^^ this, " 'Jeposiuon^f the strata of Siluriaji JnVo ''^''''"f' subsequently to the bold angle with the horizon «l^t««. ^nd have lifted them at *^ This isacross section of Nova Scotii Tfn«®*^ mtward, we soon change the scene and fin 1 ^^ ''■^^^' ^^ ^he north- ' IJ^dstones near WindsSr, anHon co^e '"^f ^^' "" ^^^ P^™ean ihecoiilsenesofthQproyince.wherew^wnH gypsum rocks in ofgypsum, and see ijie quarries wrou.hl bv tL h "^^'-.^^tensive/hiUs ■Jinan. Riding over a fine road toSifax wo '^ "^T' ^"^ kr- Mthat town, so remarkable for theifhord^ir r "^^ t '^^ ^"''y elates H to Pictou we traverse exteS ve SSf • ^'^'^^S north. \m come to the rich doposites of coal S ^ • '''■^"'^" lime^one, and '' Rctflu, and on the East river in New pf "*'" """ "^ ^he district of fichand beautiful, and is Sled ^0,?^^^% /^^^^ ^^ole region "s. Ne. in other pa;ts ^^^^f^lf^'^T ^'^"^ ^i*^ hpolis, we have English and Wsh^ and n^tL?*' ^?^ tHe^valley oC ■ Nrjcan refugees, anS French, ^'e Fren?-h %^7 ^^'^' Hessians, ■ ^feothe^^side of fet. Mary's bay on SiL.l ^ Papulation is mostly on ' »J. ^e fe^iains qf theXncKLdToW "'~^ ""'' Frencft^col-- f gulf-stream serving CSerZ fu^""' "^^ ^Pr^^itjlf '^f- The tides o/the W Fund^lKr" ^"'^'^ ^''^^ *^^ ^^ f "ton, on account of the/ giat ebb ^Hf "y", attracted much ^ the tide enters the nal^wtays andTK&v^.^ the^anner in few Urunsmc k andJSav^sJii; ^t! L "n l l^.?^ ^^ n j^gx^ botkig. Wthegfeat tidaJ wave enteral FuT ri ' «e mouth, and Jq fro^* r T. -""^ ^' I'^un tater. « compass as into a tunneVs neck ^J^l '^-.i^^-^'tle tunnei- '. apd is forced "T^e impetuous irful rapidity. 540 H. Doc. 136. rushing up in what is called a bore, sometimes four or six leet in height at the heads of bays and, "P tl»e river channels, ^n the Peticodiac, at the bend of the river, this bore is seen to the greatest advantage. The tides rise, at the highest, to about sixty feet at the head of the bay, while the rise is not more than thirty feet at the mouth of the bay. The fish- ermeh know how to make use of these rapid tides, and always manage to go with the current. Hence the Peticodiac is sometnncs called "la- zy-man's river," since rowing is quite unnecessary, the tide bearinjr the boat whither the boatman wishes, he only having to guide her course. Every one knows that the rivers of the Bay of Fundy arc full of fine shad and salmon in their season, and the herrings of Digby are known ' all the country over for their excellence. Observations on the geological resources of the province of New Brunmki We have already, given a brief sketch of the valuable mines and uarries on the New I Briinswick side of the Bay of Fundy, though much ' pre might have bcfin stated had time been allowed for a minute in- ^stigation of that iiiiportant district. , . . 1 ■ We shall now extend our observations inland, and pomt out someofl le more prominent features of this province, so-far as our personal ol)-| nervations will permit. Leaving the township of Hillsboro', we travell towards St. John, and find rocks of the coal formation, gray sandstoneJ snowy-white gypsum, and other rocks of that series, which are herej and there found resting upon hills of sienite, hornblende rock, and otheil crystalline aggregates of hypogent origin. On the borders of these ei-| tensive rocks we find novaculile 6T a green color, which appears to I -an altered slate rock and a conglomerate of its broken.fragments m sohdated by an argillaceous cement. Reaching Sussex vale, we comf to some of the richest and purek salt springs known in this country, anJ ■witness the mtlhufacture of the finest flavored and purest table salt-ai' article^ustly prized above any kind of salt made in the country, on at count of its freedom from deli(iuescent salts of lime and magnesia. M on the borders of the beautiful Kennebekaris river, we followed its ni(^ anderings through one of the most picturesque valleys of the proyisM a'nd find on the steep flanks of the hiUs the continuous out-croppind red sandstones of the Devonian group, which supoort the coal formaud of the more- eastern district before described. This valley is obviousH one of denudation, and the deeply scQ^ed rocks evinfce the passage, j olden time, of currents of w^ter and fltfes of ice loaded with imbeddej rocks, and frozen soil. ; The broad and beautiful Kennebekaris ba;jr spreads before us, is bordered by limestone rocks of the Devonian group. We nexteij ter the city of St. John, the great mercantile, entrepot of the provma wjiere ride large numbers of great ships, kding and unlading, an =ek-fying e&^^-extenslve^comnoerce with the„m.Qt her country. IJ city of St, John is surrbUnded by excellent limestones ; and soffl of the gray sandstones are found to contain large fossil trees, ind eating that they belong to the rocks not very far below the cdal seiij whUe the slates of the Great Falls, a mile or two from the popuioi H' Doc. 136. ce of New Brunswici portions of the citv. cnntnin ♦!, i ^ •*»* Wca-.a kind IpproaZ^n'lZe t^ ""'^^^^^^ ^"own m- coal, bat still sufficiently pure forX ^^^^^ ^" ^ '"eiainorpSed for the preparation of mouffs Ibr iron «;?""^«^ture of lustre, and fossils are iound ,n this limestone 7o V 'T^^^ ^'''^^ "o rehikins of cending the nver, we find, alot s hJl^'T T geological age Z - the strata of tlie country. lied%ntuf '' [^'^ "^'^^^ ^-""ous disnlav nf Lmon roc-ks .vhich „Teet the t^uZ'^^'Ti'"'^''^^^' .the coal formation crosses the rivJr to "f « ,f ""-"^ ^ '^lericton, where favebe.„ opened inl.^;; ^^^on t", ^^^--^ 'n ti^S lent coals have been obtained. 'iSv^.f ^""''^"^^'^ ^'O'n wJiich excel fc ^, since th^.e of the ei!;|^ -^3 P^^r u^t p&^:;r3^t^^« -^^ ^--ift^I specilnslf h ^"'i «^ Lcpldodcdra; and "he n^r""^ "'""^^ "^ the tribe of kent vegetation cannot but excite tLff'-''" °^ ^^ese remains of Ustsj forthe substance of thtJ^^„,:^'3""«tion of geologist and ^of a perfectly black color, whle the slalf. ?'''^^f^I P^-^^rml, and « of alight neutral tint of rrr-iv ^;, '" ^^^^^^ they are fonn.f ^conserved and chartS;|r"i4rr^^^ • ms IS perfectly distinct on their £l.'. ^'''^^/h^ ^njctiflcation of the ^l^endroi is ibund endi? T^X'^f T'^ «^^e,and leaf of ^e not heen found of much tWckilS nrT^ ^'^"^ '"^'- «P«ned an from a foot to eighteen inches S'l''^ ^'^'"^ "°^ being more »gnitude; and we are inform "dt J? /^r*""* «°tne are of ^eatpf profitable working have Zn ^ T"^ beds, of ample dimeSn' 'wopened by mia«-s! There Is evervl ^"'"" i J^is diWt, and We It ^'l *?« f«""^ '>" thVbordefs ^fThi.'^^-^^eve thatimpo^^^^^ fders of the river. It will serv^ vJi • u, H* '^'^^^ ^nd along the / •teamboats which ply o^ the wlr, f""l'^^^ ^^'^ ^"^^ ^^ the fu?icea N ascending thS^St JohnTraL^ river ''* / K on the western side of the ^LTTaT'"' ^"^ ^^'"^ to Wood- ^uinekeag river, a few mill abov« ^h ^'^' '^^ ^'^^ borders ofX cl again, soon go mto bla^t .^:3 : •l| "* -/t'. - '■■i-'iMMli' u k'..i i* •■*] ■♦«> / » ■ , 4 't - ■ ' « .» . " .' ■1 , ■■■'.. ■♦■' - ■ . ' " I. .. :.-. *''*■' .; 1 ( 1 ■ . ^ ■ ■ - K-- ■■-'■" 1 *" ' 1 1' ' tr ' - , • ' .1^; '■. y ^ ' 'P. ' ■ ■y .■■, 1 '^ ' ■■ -' (► * ■' ■• :,' ^ " ' : . %=lt - a - 1 # 1 ' ivvi* jffm ""^^(l ^^^PMjj / Ki " k, ' -l' ." /■ • '.>,; ■■- ,"■ ' - " # %r'':;',. ■ ■* ■;. , «P/ ■;■ '\' ■ ^ . - T ' ^. • ■ ' "■ .4-'"- i :; , \ ( ^ r < - r rt K'A/*- ■-■■ ^ *: • ■" \ '# ' • ' ■\ V aw ;, -, .•'"■' '. • * > /I • \ -A-- ■' -, - '.-^ ' . ■^ . ff \. , . , ' '. , - ■• i. ■ "■''.■• ■>! >,,:. 1 *« !: ■■■''': -■■ ' ' B ' d -^fc-g-ii 1^^ . ' . ■}/ ,'■' Li,;'.'.:' ii^ i.t''.'.\'.'- ■ in,-'" ^;il:;#^^;::^:M.L,' ; ■■; ■ -; '■^i'': .--t, 9-J;- /;',^; ■'/■"-!>■ ad 1 1 ^ k: • '.■;■ ■ ' . ■ ■ ■ ■ 1 1 ■ ■■■1 ii 1 11 ■ 1^- rMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) V. ^ /> {/ % ^J^ Z. ^ .^' ' t. ^4».^'l^J Sciences GorpQratiQn 23 WIST MAIN STRliT WnSnR,N.Y. I4SM (71«)I72-4S03 't^'Aiii^^em.-'-'S iiA&iiSMS^iiiiJL '<^ * * ;.rt^. • 1 \ . 1 ! < ■■*. t. - - * ,. « -■, ■ '■■■'■■■ * %^'« J- I ■ • - i . ' ... ' ^ ■* VWSK;. ■ 1 '"•v ■ ■# ;=r ) H. Doc. 186. for the production of pig-iron to be used in making bar-ixon in the pud- dling furnaces of England. j ,ir i i i. l Ores of manganese are also found around Woodstock, though they have not yet been sent to market. Still ascending the St. John, we come to the Tobique river, which enters the St. John, on tfce eastern side, a litde below the Aroostook. A few miles from the mouth of the Tobique we find the red sandstone rocks, like those of No*a Scotia, full of excellent gypsum. Springs of salt water are also said to have been found therein. This gypsum wll prove valuable to the farmers on both sides of the St. John, and will save the expense of bringing that mineral up the river. A tribe of In- dians still dwell on the borders of the Tobique, and have their princi- pal camps at the mouth of the river. They still find occupation in the chase, and even to this time take many beaver, otter, and sable, besides huTiting bears, moose, and caribou, in the forests. A few miles more of canoe voyage brings us to the upper falls of the St. John — a magnificent 'cataract of 70 or 80 feet perpendicular de- scent. This is one of the most picturesque spots on the river, and will in due time become a favorite place of fesort in the summer season. Here the river is closely confined between lofty crags of slaty lime- stone, and makes a sudclen turn in its course as it bursts througli its rocky barriers. Its beauty is not destroyed by the great saw-mills that were built upon the edge of the falls by the late Sir John Caldwell; i but the business created on the spot has brought a sufficient number of settlers to make the place more cheerful. Above the falls the river ex- pands, and is as tranquil as a placid lake. We followed its windings in our canoe for many days, stopping at night among the hospitable and naturally police French peopjf who live in humble simplicity on the borders of the river, pursuing their quiet mode of life, undisturbed by the thirst for gain that torments dwellers in the great mercantile cities of the coast. • I The people of Madawaska are descendants of the French neutralsl o£ Acadia, and very much resemble, in their mode of life, the peoplej of Sissaloo, on the St. Mary's river. They have few wants, and these! are easily supplied by means of their own skill in the chase and iol rural labor. For forty miles above the falls of the St John, the French sell ments of Madawaska are scattered along both sides of the river, i principal settlements being on the provincial side o£ the river. Some fifty miles farther up, the St. John divMes into numer branches, which extend into Canada on the north and into Maine ( the south. The St. Frangois is its most important Canadian branc and the Allagosh, with its numerous lakes, and the Aroostook, ei tending almost to the northwest angle of Maine, where it nea Teachejjlbgkcomers of New Hampshire and of Canada, are the lonj| ijM pj flf T iii iif thii fjTi nt rirrr — TW portion of the river i s but JL -:nown to this ^except to the Indian hunter; and it is not, so fare we can learn, very inviting to the canoe voyeur. The whole region « country above the falls J|5" the St. John is based upon a blile ij limestone, probably of the silurian group of rocks ; but it is not nchi ^ssils or in minerals of value." The soil is excellent all over «»« bar-iron in the pud- Istock, though they ^a Doe. 436. i4» |rocb,and bears good croDS of th*. i ^^^ |iu> whfD cleared and cijtivat^d ^'"^^ "^"^ ^^^^ burdens of \m an abundance of the W ^^t IdnX nfTT^"'' '^ '^"°«^n to eon- Lrf for sawing into boards, ^la^k a^d l.V""^'" !^'" ^^'»P-buiIding, ■^intercourse with the moVc" cc^v i, ^^^'''^f '"^^ commef! hj pfthe largest class of mcSirSaeih^'T^ by this trade, mm die harbor of St. John as TtholZ'fT^T- ""■"^'"'y^^^ ^e- b chss of vessels is adapted mor" mrtSlo ^'^ ^u"""^ '^'^t^^. ^r •Jy ^^5"':', «P«r«. "iS masTs C of H i^ ^'' ^^" [5'">1x>rtation Ua^edeposites"o??o.&^^^ -ntains some ve,y U.. The most n>markable7thTse der^^if "^"^^^^^^o^t perfeS MM,mHd^sboro', near the banks of tL p'?^'? " ^^^ Alberrcoal- Jed M included in shales wJf h n. i , * ^'^^^odiac river. This coil h to ,tl,0 under.c5ay ;r^^J' "^^^ ^-^^ of soft slate, equTva: Mydverlaid by s Jata oShlv h^""°"' ^«»l-^«ds. and the cod i, t^id fishes, a^d witllK^^^enrrit '"' ^^^ ^^"'' -'^-^ r» of the genus Pa/^musgLToflZ ''"'Vf »«5 beautiful "alswere originally discovered hll • ^^"oid.order. These W of 1851. and isSons of J, '^""'" "^ ^'"« ^''ticle in ihl U Society of Natu,3 Er^ afZr'' '■''^.'* ^^^ ^'"^ ^efo,^ he ttyear, and that nanpr wnl 1 ^'"^ *®*^*^"'^ meet n^ in Mnv nf t^VrtCoal'ffip'a:;^!^^^^^^^^ iCa'JZ'n' powMg: i' J^' '">'" which report we now extm^^the l^iJberttL. ^^" "^'^ '^ ^'« «^«^ «- that was d iscovered by me te'o^^^^^^^^^ i-g; head, obtuse ptt^SA inches; width in middle of bo JT.f"'^ ?''"' P^5 whole jNe anal, smaU triangular, A ofin in/h I'l '"''^•' ^"'' «"« dorsal, Pthe fish was dead before it w^emW. • '^f^* Jointed, drooping KjnaU, triangular, a mel^ZS^'^ii:,?'^ ™"^l ("^^ sh^ale^ «M into mass of scafes of hSv m^iT^^' i^-rtoro/, small, com- ''T«y long, and ta^rinl in^l^ v ^-^'^ '"'^^ bifurcated, un- .«!!«• Tl2««&,ruSnonE,^J— "'^J""^ extends to a ^y smaller to tip; cumZs!^. IT" "f '?"' ""^ b««>tne • »• 1 i -M ' -' '•i^^ 'III ' ■ Lii*f • I'll "W*^ ^ the vertebnd cohmn?he'^^'?ff ; ^"^ "*^«^ °^ *^n« i« »een to ^ and compressible: The cSfl ^ ^"^' ""'' *^^^« ^^en cartila- «J to be d&ect^ I cannot fiS'*-' ^ »°«,«>nfiisedly^. =»f • fossa fish identi,- "'"^e genua bn«ofkrfepS'"L«|^i^;„«o nearly ^^^^^^ ,he Pa/e«>»i^ «»g the lE.es of sSTe'^eZcS ^7;"^ ^^^^ Kli, ^ fi^at dorsal scales nniS '^^^^f''*^ '^ ^s another ilrrcsraible m form thosejrepreaenSi ^t^^'l.lV^^ ^'^"a' An, ex- te. (See Quarterly JourCgeT^.l/nS'f ™ip M. de Eger^nl ^..^^fes of one specimen a^etS^f^^f^^^^^^^ Ijfenor margins, and are defo^v ! n/^^ "^^^ ^^^ «"Perio; j£«f edges. The lines of sSSi ^e worn '^ ''"^"^ ^^^he? |J»%. perhaps, that it was an old L^ ^ ^^^^^ con«derably, U inches long, and it is two inlh^ in ^ ™' I^^" ^"^^. ^bou Km ^dlA "r.i: .L i^-^™? '« « coprolite teen b«»L NMS n. JSf.^^,"f *" &h, and it is not r^;r!!?.^^ •fi'':'BR »» **«^ .QbJJ^^^**^-'^<^"'^es over the co,ii«|£ P^L^^i^ ^^*di«»eto. of its body long; ^M^ i46 ^: B. Dor* IM. i • ' <■* * 1 « i f ;!*: J ♦ incbes long ; head in form, of equilateral spherical triangle ; gills open; back of head beautifully marked by tuberculations, or strise and dot*; dorsal scales oval-shaped and striated, the most pointed part of the gcale bf ing towards Ae tail ; they run along the entire back to the tail, i excepting ift the pl^^^^^^ ^^^ dorsal fin is compressed; scales of body serrated onJvmHBqr margins, and striated parallel with their upper and lower Idges, and wavy in middle. I am disposed to regard this individual as belonging to the same species as the one before de- scribed. "Fig. 2, 2 iw.— rFigure 7 represents a lower jaw of a Palaeoniscoi from the Albert v^&b. It is interesting as showing the mode of denti- tion of these ancient fishes; the teeth ^ are here seen to be in a line fixed! in regular sockets in the jaw, lilse those of salmon ; the jaw is beautifullyl marked with JittW raised dots, visible under an ordinary lens; ihete^j Ajagree with those M)served by Sir Philip M. de Egerton. (See Quarterijl ■Jour. Geol. Soc., Londl, 1849.) I "Fig. 8. — This specimen was discovered by me in the shale of tiiej new shaft of thej Albert mines. It is peculiarly interestii)g on accou of tWehtice preijervation of its abdominal fin, and also on account ( its associaticHi w ith a coprolite which seems to have belonged to "^ i^ividual. "Description:] Fish, entire; length, 3tV inches; width of the bodj, tV of an inch; length of the head, equal to the greatest width of i body; fish, four/ diameters of its body in length; fins, one dorsal, t, posite anal, situated in the posterior, third of body; anal fin litde largi than dorsal; abdominal fin small, situated a little in advance of tL middle of the body of the fish ; pectoral fin a little larger than abdotninall scales, large and brilliant, having a %ht-brown color striated par"^ to anterior margins transversely, and longitudinally m middle, but I than on anterior margins ; tail, more regular than the before descr species, but still unequal; has scales in upper division. Thiaq] men also presents another curious feature; its tail hieiving been amp tated by a shift of the strata, and the fracture being policed i recemented a little out of place. Head more acute than nojofi Jbefinre-describecl species, and very perfectly preserved, having the f markings of the gill covers and the striss and markings distinct, r also what aspears to be the impression of the tongue of the fish. , " orbitajr rin^s also preserved, and is a horn-like circle, or ring^ with bituimnous shale or clay^ A coprolite under the abdomen oft fish is a cylindrical mass, rounded ^t each end, tV of an inch fcr and -ft of an inch in diameter. It is of an ash-^ray color, and inclu what appear to be small black scales of fishes." De$cripHon» of tke acaht hr^.^ r , * ^^"^ U. gave .he ftllti^^f,.!^ «»» "''• '• %• ^O ~b.,-.w .„ I Aoiouu matter • Carbonate of lime »-v.(V0800 Phosphoric acid " ■ **' '-0.0980 Lime. * ^-2462 >.,. , ". 0.1234 S^Whate of lime and of 0.0623 ) niagnesia, 0.4309 0.0040 Silica. .. . . 0.6139 By analysia of another nortion n7^ "J^which i, separated b^anaLt inK"'" "^ ^"'"^^ "tatter is ni- • two determinations, was fnn^T i" ° *^ ^'^^^ of ammonia! -rk" .iTof Sf nitrogenr;Se tet b^Vjf- ^^'^^ P- c^l^t, aJd S^ «.« of nitrogen m fibrine and albZln ^' """^•' ^'^''^^ is the 'wirich it iB attoS toVh^l ''• ^.^ «^«^8 ^e ardculatL^^n '■°™ >&h Tu "-f *-V®" "^ tne lower edffe nf th^ „ ""J^umung process £• ^^. «?^wns of the scale 3 ?L ^ '"^^^ ^^^^ above it on %. are distinctly shown a ' " ^^^ serraUoos of its nVli* ri fins of Se 4fa g^iup ofThTr r ?"^ ""^ '^' ^'cre Stage's" r c « a broad scale from^tr?ower '^^^^^^ ^« «««" in sSaWn Marged views of them «Ve a full .f 1 ^'^ ^.°^^' «^ t'^e dorsal fin ^We been mistaken noTunfreql^S'f "f^^^^ '^'^' ^'^"elure: «^ some resemblance trSTif/°V^«''''.«nce the larl; Jfi*J«»' teeth, C i^presen^a sScL°n P^^''' fi«^^«' an/'o ' r^the American gar-pike 3 of 4 "/'^ ^^^' bony scales- '^divmoM auffice for m of,t^„^'\. . _ I ^ "*"***■'* W ^e^ and part of the.bodfjro^- r . . v3i..' • • • ' - ' nry 'IB. '' I' ♦1 ■ I ;* pvvs-'^'!: c4 546 H. Doc. 186. large fish of the genus PalaonUctu. It appears to belong to the same species with fig. 4 of same plate, and fig. 1 of plate II. Etescription : Width of body of fish, 3 inches ; length, probably from IS to 18 inches; head, strong, firm, and more bony than usual with fi8he8.of this group; length, from 2 J to 3 inches; width, 8 inches; gill. plates distintt, but crushed together, so that they cannot be disced, since they adhere firmly togeUier; pectoral fin, short, strong, and has a rounded and heavy shoulder of great strength, covered with a long .armor, striated obliquely backwards ^d downwards. Other fins were broken from the specimen before I received it and lost; but those want- ing are seen on fig. 4 of this plate, and fig. 1 of PI. II. Prints of five dTthe great dorsal scales distinct in the rock — scales broken off Scales of body perfect, serrated, and distinctly striated with \*aTy lines horizontally, and slightly curving towards the posterior upper angle of scale. A marked swelling in the place of the stomach shows that the organ is filled ivith the food of the fish. Color of the fish ligbtl clove brown, or a little more inclined to cinnamon brown This fish I propose to name in honor of the enterprising prqectorol the mine, who presented me with the specimen: Palaoniscut Mlim in honor of Edward Allison, esq., of St. John. List of the fossil 'plants found in the shales of the Albert coal^m. The fossil fishes already described belong to the genera known I characterize the coal formations of Europe; but, as might be exper" from other analogous facts, the American species are not identical i any known in the Old World, though they closely resemble tl They are of the same genus, but of new and before undescrih species. The plants found associated with these fishes concur in proving! formation at the Albert mine to be in the true coal seriq||andthMi at rest those doubts which were hastily expressed by otM geolo^ who made a cursory examination of tms mine, and who knew not facts contained in this paper. , Plate III, Figs. 1 and 2 represent a specimen of Lepidodeitim, alogous to the L. Gracile of Ad. Brogniart, though not identical " that species. Figs. 3 and 3 6m represent the fi^it of the Lfepidadm or L^idostrobusy found in the shale of this mine. Figs. 4, 8, ani represent a plant about which some doubt still exists, but which « supposed to be some species of SpheraMtra; but it differs from' plant in several respects, as will be discdvered on comparing itj the plate in the work of Lindley and Button. Figs. 6 and 7 are bi flag-like leaves, supposed to belong to the palm tribe. Fig. 9 u i common cabmiie of the coal formation, and was found in the f sandstone below the coal-bed at the Albert mine. These plantt similar to those found in the coal-iaines of Ndva Scotia and on i»artrbr¥e#Fi^wiclt,lKd are Tike tr^^ piines at' Mansfield, Massachusetts, and in the semi-bitunnitt&w mines of Maryland and of Virginia. Figs. 4, 5, and 8 'ep^T J oiUy plant that I have not before discovered m oor eoal wrman Thu plant i« evidently a wcculettt annual, as evinced by it« * »o^ 186. I torted and droopinff Rtfm »«-i ^ ^® I n.*n™irtg i, „ ^,^„„, , «^' *" « '■"alternate Ovboa Hydrogen...!' Oxygen atd a litd^Vi^;,;--— -"'''Ill Total. Tfe coal yields.. Do ; Total. 75.8 7.6 17.2 - 100.0 •j^ do. of coke. 100 I the coke leaves 47 np ay,, and cements closelv ;f^^"!l/°^ '"^^ ^hes. The on«] *. i »; but the dwcovery of ora»n^ ^"PPose that « was a kind Ji§L fete £™T?' Po-l-ofSr^e Xr*l\"'* ">»« 4gncuhitral Resources of Ar«« n_ ["WW the rock, which have h» .1.: j tter"°f '^ «-« 0f7£ p^*°^f^f°S'~"io". produced .he / _JicaI co Bajd ertuJofm im -i i-i ' i 650 R Doc. 186. ■■'^j-?- ^t»*.> ■' winters limits the growth of crops to a few months; and only tho* I ■which are hardy, and aie adapted to the climate, can be raised ad\,u».| tageously. We hav«, then, to inquire what are the cropa which «a|i6l rience has proved to be the best for the countries in question. It J known that the northern portions of America "possess an exceaiivel climate,"* viz: one of extreme heat in summer, and of ffreat cqldial winter. Such climates produce a most rapid growth of vegetatkujf for the heat of a summer's sun hurries forward the processes of vegetibi growth, and an early autumn brings the ripening to a close. Hjj which ripen more slowly in temperate climes, have to be gradiwUy, climateobefore they^can accommodate themselves talhe short seam of the north. Hence the variety of zea maize (Indian corn) ^' grows in Canada differs in its habits of growth from the southern i and ripens where corn of a more southern-raised seed would — in the milk, by frost. There are many of our usual plants that ' this acclimating process abov? referr^ to ; Others we had not beat i to subdue to our short seasons. The potato is much improved by h hastened in its growth in the way above alluded to, and the provin ' of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia produce the best potatoes kiw Jin this country. The smaller cereals-— such as oats, rye, barley, a summer wheat — ripen perfectly in these provinces, and tlie graui isij excellent quality and of remarkable sweetness. Turnips ot every variety grow well, and pease, beans, and i leguminous plants, are known to thrive aidmirably. In short, we i gay, from observation of the fact, thatall the usual culinary ve which grow in the States of Maine and New Hampshire, thrive « in the soil and climate of the two provinces we are describing, trees, also, with the exception of the' peach, (which does not bew^ the intense cold of winter,) produce good fruit in these provinces. The most highly valued crop among the farmers of New Bnu» is grass, which, with the least labor, is the most profitable crop; good hay is not only required for keeping of the stock on the ferm,li "* w also extensively in demand among tne timber- cutters of the foreat,! the supply of food to their teams of cattle. Large quantities of pieW hay, in buncQes, are jdso exported from the provinces to the cities of ll United States. Four- fifths of the land on every kurge form may 6e r vontaffeously laid down in grass and be jjept for mowing land, uni is so dd as to require to be taken up by the plough; and this is J Sadually, so as to keep but a limited portion of the land in tilhftl ere are few farmers in the province who can cultivate more thantki acEes of tilled land to advantage, and therefore they have to keep j rest of the farm in grass, which it is also advantageous for them loj on other accounts, as above specified. , I . It is well known that little progress has been made iaagncuhoej ^the provinces, for the forests, full of heavy timber trees, tempt ^> cultural portion of the,, community to eogage in the heavier and r ^mm f <^'>t f^iy»fiM»M ft e n terpri s e s nf U im her cutt in g and wwJAg' the more civilized ithough not so beneficial to the character of die p^m krilized h% of forming, has its advantages, not to be oi AJUUHMWr^Wi^ A^^fV^^V^^^^^^p ' ff^^^P^^^ 5isj-r». H Doc. 186. ~^ 5Sl .looked. It produces a hardv 8«t of «, , \*^!^^^liBhmeatoftZ^ictLZ''' ""^ «n<^o"raoe8. to some ex- i|m«»o« connected with the bn^ni^ "'' '^^ ^"^°'" mechaSicaJ I Thus far the demand for food inth^' Jrtr raised on the soU. J^exp^^r^ IT^:^^'' ".^^7 beyond the *ar«l produce, save of potatoes^S^f if™'"' ?' *"^«^ of anj a«i- «J«n. Oats of supeS^r Tuahty^e ^LS^ ^ ^'^ fi^'" X 4 Md brought to'fioston. whefeThev!^^ on Prfnce Edward Ifce kinds raised in the Slates TW^^iSf \^her price W8 can expect to receive from th^r ?"**»% the only orain «t^of flourfrom the uSted Stlt LT!!; P"'^"^^^ '"^S i; bu there is now growing up in cZ^l.w """^ *° ^««« P^v- oo with us m this trade. foAh!^UoTt^ •' ^ P°^^^"^ «>•»- «me quahty as that of the mi^h^\'^%!^'^''^ ^^ ^m^ei is of I produce wheat equallv well 3 r ^ °'^*® of Now York anJ In the course of S%":^;,Z: ff Z^"^ ^"'^'^^- -^•^«J,^ ^ cultivCoThe?^^ %\T"'^ ^'" become •^will gradu^y extend themselves ^nn^Tr ^P'^v^^^nts of h^ne, and are still doing, with us b?t i^n^«»«" ^bere, as Ji^s for the people of nIw Cnswick to i.""^''! ^ »«« of flour and corn from the UnkedT«t °*'*'V? their chief u. the course^.! trade, other prXts^? flf:- ^'^^''^^-^y <«» ^t^J'"?" ^^ ^^"^^^ forests^ mSIs of^!^,°^ "f* "they ■^ m abundance: buadinff-otnnr^ • j * *^oal and of iron thev .«dsaU.andma^Z^XvLl&*°"''' «>ofi»g^8kt^^ kige quantiues as mVbTr^nL^^^^ ^fP°^ and can suppl7& f Ifew Brunswick anTof NoiKal ^^^^"^ ^^^^^^^ provincS ITc. T. JACKSON. M D ^y- ^ the State of Ma^CluX 4t. J'^mH- p^ ilk' -■» '1, T. «', \; '' ' lit ^ :- M. «• 1 , I ^ *!■ H. Doe. isa. .^58 N J part)vii. NOVA SCOTIA. an • ^-^ , The province of Nnvn a»»*:. ■ '. . ^•eparatea the watew of tl^ Bav of V ^^^c ^'^'^ "'^r">^ «Jip of jjBdantTeighty mile,. ' ^^^^"^ ^^ng^h being about two ^ This strait is in ^h aC ^fe'^'^r* by the strait of ^XS?- Cape B^ton^is .^^ '^Z^^^^-^, ^t --SS Scotia is the ; w«er, impeUed >by tie uSTwkid from ?K """^ "^interrupted body Jican a,ntineriCirikes ^0^^800^ t^ "T' °^ ^^"«^ *? th« ^ toude with great force T Srrier of fif^'^^^^ ^"^45° rj of land ah^ady menuWd) bSwe^n 5i? aS^° ™'^^' °"l7 Oh« bl Lawrence, seems to havi eSd ^»oh ^''' °^^^ ^*^Gulf •<»nCone hundred miles in lenXSn^ a catastrophe, while a '.been swaUowed up in Jhe vo^.; ^"P^'^' °^ ^««y » breadth. ^Novaecocia on i. no^Jest^sf^^, ^TJ ^^p^^ I^t^ ^f ^ feotlpSc^d^^iJ^h^^^ Clt '^^ -^ ^^ ^^« At. *«"ppA the southeasteri sSe oJ- t^i^"^ '"^"^'•' ^^e same «eMh^ harbors of No^ sX: on T^a? 1" ^^^^ ^^ ^^^^ W, and safety, are nprh«S«^ ,^ Atlantic coast, for number "Stated that b^twte^'feSnd^^'r^^Pl"^^^^ ^ ^cfaWe of receiving sE^.^ ? ^^P® .^^°*' tbei« are twelve \T^ for mer?CLl7 ^^'"*'°"' ^^.«>««een others of suf! K^^^^^^^^ sho.. feor ranf varies ftomt^t^l^ ^^^^' Th^bretdthoftW, X ft >H 1- • '. (• 1 -jpn^ary njcksT^ a^uneven, aad composed chiefly of ^ |^« peninsula of Novn S^ SS£r2^?^ r-"^^ o^ al, abides Me colony oFJVova Sco^ tS I't y^^^, S^^^^^' CSd p amount of duty paid thereoa: ^ ^^^ ^^^0' ^^ also the rate ArtiolM. Am. '(•ok.) v.; »{"q»per).. •":■* do... i;wMd) do... ■■•:• pounda. "WH|2i per cent.... «*-..do i?— -do.... «-...do.... 211 26 6 159 141 9 26,138 465 107 241 62,891 183 54,914 8,448 380 1,208 3,330 1,291 44 37 S48,540 Value. |K«teofJrty-rter-|Totald«ty, 4*. per barrel.... 8».percwt 6*-. ..do " 3»-4rf..do ; 5f. each io»..do : Irf. per pound.... 3rf.....do , 6». porowt W. per pound.... !»• per barrel.... »»-perowt W. per pound... 2rf....,do 8». perowt...!.*; 2»-6rf..do 6». per pound.... .1«.6(/. per gallon. 10». percwt.... 14». -do 14^- per pound.. 21 per cent 6*-. do 10— do 49,46« v»V * - 'h'' ' . tv lift 1*! '' r'.r^TT^ 'I "H 'i M6 B. Doe. 180» The following returns give an abstract of the trade of the province! of Nova Scotia during the year 1851: No. t.— Return shmving the ghips and tonnage inward, and the talte > imports into the province of Nova Scotia, during the year 1851. From what oountriM. Great Britain British North American colonies . British West Indies ....■ United States .-• Foidgn West Indies Spain Coloniea of France and Spun... FoNdgn Europe Portugal China. Guernsey and Jersey St. Pierre, Newfoundland Foreign States Vessels. Number. Total. 109 849 1S8 480 179 12 3 3 2 3 4 44 12 Tons. 3,288 40| ooo 88,613 13,666 209,304 17,642 3,497 231 736 191 487 474 3,183 1,291 Valae of in- 1 poru. 388,102 1,0! «,« l,39(li» 757,i 16,111 %i 1,S 13,8 185,1 «!.• 1,« 5,6B,e No. 2.- -Retum showing the ships and tonnage oiOward, and the tdtti exports from Nova Scotia, during the year 1861. ' To what ooontriea. OTBKt Britain British North Amerieaa oeloides . Britifh West Indies Qqemsey and Jersey United States of America IVn«ign West Indie* llMUitios (Spain Ihitavia FWnamboeo »• yVKftai EuTpp« BnsOs and ooVniM of Spaia . . . •ovtll Americ* ftwntOi North America •fcHena , Vessels. Number. Tons. TbM. 1. 1, 76 968 386 1 433 104 2 1 1 1 9 6 1 18 7 3,266 40,164 96,153 39,414 206 181,212 1Q.QU6 469 189 400 203 407 604 883 988 419 311,069 Tthierfi porti tifi.4 mi mi 1^1 ade of the province! rd, and the vain of the year 1851. Value of iffl. port). MM. ),968 12,133^(11 !,613 IMi 1,666 «,« ),304 1,390,* r,64S 7S7,a ),497 16,01 231 %i 736 1,9 191 IM 487 m,t 474 3,183 u 1,291 M e,102 b,SB,i J 1 jI I.. oard, and the m/wj w 1861. Tihieofi porti 'oni. 10,164 tl«. 16,153 i,s«; 0,414 mi. 206 4 11,812 m 10,006 3li 460 1^ 189 % 400 203 i 407 Mt 604 « S83 1. 928 \ 419 11,068 m A H- Doc 18«. M7 The various articles of fho k «ate to 164,727. ^ ^^'^ provincial duties amountW estimated amounting in the UnkeTiteteTrAmS^^^^^ nphon and value : "*^^ ^^ ^^^^ were of the following 1 and vi Quantity. -Driedcod.... M'^'^'Bchaldrong.. MMkeral °»671 quintals ... Mum... , 69,750 barrwle.. JS«--::::::::::::::: \,%'^^^ ^^i^:^ HcUedfith. i»*90barreb....' 01 ■"^- 2,692 barrels . " 9m'SS'"'''"««^" <049fttoB«.. raipbiik". 2-*® '.:. ■ U law 13,877 bushels.. J, 385 boshels. fiCir Value. ♦146,180 13,800 290,225 46,845 62,140 3,875 16,406 11,715 12,840 28,145 6,860 2,615 2,660 1,680 1,746 2,040 88,875 17,930 •766,046 £^&rohr9Ji^t'en^^^^^^^ ^"!T^- ves;;i;:7f fNovaSebtia, of which nuXr9Tvlli'"Tf^ ^" '^^ ™ou« "^jforei^ ports. ' '^^ "•« remaining 15 took ^tott "*'• »W». M thus staled: 2,791 veweC *SHM«,«iidofFiuta] ' 7^ «j.t' • B9S Ife^^od. ISd! The number of vessels employed in the fisheries of Nova Scotia ml 1851 was 812, of the burden of 48,333 tons, manned by 3,681 mpn.[ The number of boats engaged was 6,161, manned by ,6,713 men. Thel number of nets and seines employed was 30,164. The catch of the| season was as IJbllows : Dry fish . -• -* 196,434 quintals. Salmon. --•- 1.669 barrels. Shad... - 3,636 " Mackerel - 100.0*7 » Herrings..: 63,200 •• Alewives ■ ^'343 " Smoked herring 15,409 boxes. ^ The total value of , the above products of the fisheries is stated i $869,080; to which must be added 189,260 gallons of fish-oil, valua at $71,016; The total value of the fisheries undoubtedly greatly e:^ ceeds a million of dollars. The census taken in this province during the past year, (1851) givd ' the total population at 276,117 souls. In this total are included m Indians, and 4,908 colored persons. The number of burths in 1860 was 8,120; the number of d« 2,802; of marriages l,7J.O. It appears that there are in the provmce 1,096 schools, with ana gregaie of 31,364 scholars. The religious denominations are thus classed : Church of England 36,482 , Roman Catholics 69,634 Presbyterians — ^Kirk of Scotland 18,867 Presbytery of Nova Scotia 28,767 Free Church of Scotland 25,280 Baptists --•-• 42,243 Methodists 23,696 Congregationalists 2,639 Universalists • -. ^^0 Lutherans i ^>^°l Sandinians. ^"^ Quakers. 188 Other denominations • ^''^^ I'be whple number of churches in the province is 667. The nu of inhabited houses is stated at 41,463 ; of uninhabited houses 2,8 of houses building 2,347 ; of stores, bams, and out-houses, 62,758. The probable value of real estate is stated by the census -*"• $3a;30^698. It appears that there are in Nova Scotia no less than 40,012 kp diked land. This is chiefly on the u pper p art of the Bay oHu and is celebrated for Its enduring f&tifitir.' iris estimatedTB-ww on the average, about $60 per acre. The quantity of unproved up is stated at 799,910 acres. 'f- l>oc. 136. Neat cattle Milch cows . . ' ' • f^p '^^'^. ■-•.^"^! Swine I ■ !';;; The gram and other crons In ifi/;n Wheat P'' '° ^S^O, were as follows Barley V. V.'. '. '. " '* bushels . . Hye...... do m ,%i / 28,789 156,857 86,856 282,180 51,533 Backwheat Indian com. . _ Bad beans....'/,,"/' Potatoes \\ Turnips Olher roots . , • ■ do -----do do do. . .. ■ . .tons • -.bushels.. do.... do.... -do .do. 297,167 196,097 61,438 1,384,437. 170,301 .37,475 287,837 21,638 3,686 1,986,789 467,127 32,325 -.^ products of the dairy, '^ Vsso * ^'^^^ fe and 652.069 pounVo/^£r ^^^^' '' ^'^^^.^90 pounds V There ar'e ^^m'tLmm^^Z'-T''''' "^^^^ empLy 1 786 ^ brides. 10 steam-miliror^aSonV "'S^^^^^^ *^7 ^^^' Se ' Iming and weaving esU ishm^s \f u", ^""".^"««' ^ foundrts? JlWchaJdrons?^ TheTe w:^1" JlP^^n^^^ 1850, is stated IT^ "^"T °^^i°«« of htiZ'TJ/^'^f^"^^ burned ^ THB PORT OF HAUPAI. [•'-^y open to the AtLtic ir P^"'"!"''* of Nova Scotia! aJd ^/^m J£ AUantic th^ha^^ "^'''S^?^" " but rarely im-TcS' »^m a beautiful ife^««°^ inland for fiffeenffi^ [^ water's edgeT iS letfh f"''^ °* ? ^'»' ^^ich ri^sVaSX ^« «ule, with wide 8ti3„nL^°'^ "^r *^° «"e«. anffiSf , *w «t»«eto ciOMujg each other « right^xiX^ '/ < '"'>-: Tin I;. H; Dpo. IM As the port at which the Cunard mail-steamcrs touco. o« theirj vov^Mo W from Europe, and as the proposed tenmnos pf the p^ 3X from Quebec to^Oie Atlantic, .in connexion with those Sher steers. Halifax bids feir ^ become a place of very cons.d ^tl^^aT^^L^ 'profit, trade and commej^at the^ time wi5 be best understood by the tables which fo»t>W The vdue of imports and exports at the port of Ha^ax. m 1860, J thus stated : / Countries. Yalue of im- pel Great Britrin.... ".•-;•-• (WertlnUei •• Bridah *>loii«i< Britidi North America ^ ( Other ooloniei 1,109,000 United State* of America 967,990 Foreign State* •— - $1,675,150 ,786 935,300 48,275 Total 4,060,400 Yahworal potto. IB,?! 790, y 16,i 1,6(3.1 The ships mward and outward, in 1860, are thus staled: Coontriei. Great Britain... British ookHdes. United States .. Foreign States.. Total. Inward. Sdling vessels. No. 61 667 858 174 1,081 Tons. 88,906 36,619 87,618 18,081 Steam Teaseto. No. 36 43 36 Tons. Outward. Sailing TMsels. No. Tons. 111,904 113 94,834 7,798 38,768 65,400 17 674 160 908 2,878 51,659 19,273 10,406 84,218 SteuBT No. 110 >•- ■--'' Wm' r"» 150 m,i 785 W),l 300 1M,1 275 18*1 000 4«,l 990 187,1 400 IM tatec 1: Oati irari Mieb. SteuBTW roDi. No. in 8,878 88 « 1,659 43 ( 9,373 Vi s 0,408 .... — 4,818 110 J M* DogI 136. descriptions of merchan- States m the year 1850, 41e and porter 'Ticultural implements." icon and hams -■ef and pork '..," wksand stationery.'."* ians and pease. . . Mjr *"■" — IS and biscuit.. putter ng fluid ■ ' • • • "'ii • ■ • ■ » I meal % tton manufactures --V- ■•• ■---•''-.., Tigs and medicines « flour........ I flour ^i"^ fruit .*].\" fruit. re «r «r manufactures. ow.. [«nd pitch. at ,, »«8 Total. $565 135 485 36,170 23,670 715 395 4,460 25,505 3,270 1,040 5,280 21,400 93,660 17,085 54,630 2,755 7,640 6,620 10,070 224,050 77,449 7,370 1,410 3,255 30,420 4,316 4,916 ' 7,180 9,990 2,386 2,490 lli070 1,020 1,466 4,780 6,4S6 76,78g ^ 1,406 23,936 106,270 938,985 :i »«■ /dS^&p^v rf. , ,^.' ■a* r-*', 1 ^ Thefollowin, which entere( also the value foreign. Thi of Halifax, aj From what cou Giwt Britain I BritMhN. American Britiik Wert Indies CnitedStatea... ft-Kerre .."■■ Foreign Wert Indies" JSpiiii JRrfiijai.... ;;;;;;• tlmnn IHoDjKooff IVriico Total I Besides its stapl *n^a Scotia also s( , wuscoal. [A notice of the ai ^y 'ormer report u "Senate; but son .«ient,in order to; Pova Scotk. pe coal mines at F in number. Th \^ The Albion ir 15. The Cumberi me mines near J Prn extremity oft '"/o'^Scotii I 'Ithirff-three f JUtH ;^ onl ,f« valuable foi onaequence of a ' leet, over all tl *• Doc. 186. Ciwt Britain J Brituh N. American coloni»« British Wert Jndie*'* J IWtedStatei.. |8t.P!erre Fweign Wert Indies'" JSpun llWtupU... Ji»re« IHrajKoog. llfMico Total. f 193, 255 19,165 1,450 938,985 29.-555 20,600 2,470 48,45^ 5,550 1.846,535 Jl. 676, 350 %**940,875 ^ 46,525 938,985 687,680 29,555 20,600 2,470 48,425 y^e Coal Trade. .Besides its staple evnnrf •• «^^ Scotia also send7abJ^r"^ ^'^'^ ^he fisheries th 7u8coal. ^^"^ad a very considSe ' L.P''^''^^^ o^ A notice of the abundant m,n , ^ '^ °^ ^""- Niv2uSfo7f^^« feet is fit SSrtfn"" ^* **^««^ 564 H. l>oc. 186. The aventge cost of mining coals here is thnty cents per chaldron, the various expenses of the mines, engines, &c., increase the cost of coals at the pit mouth to sixty-two and a hall" cents per Ion. The cost of screwing, transporting to the loading-ground by railway— a distance of nine miles — with other incidental charges, adds seventy-five cenu per ton to the cost of the coals. . , *, The shipping season commences at Pjctou about the first of Mav, and continues until the middle of November, after which the nortliefn harbors of Nova Scotia are frozen Up. At Pictou, coals are deUyered by the sihgle cargo, at three (lollars and thirty cents per chaldron. Purchasers of one thousand chnlilrons, or more, obtain a deduction of thhty cents per chaldron. Tlie slack, or fine coal, is delivered on board at one dollar and a Imlf per chat dron, with a discount' of three per cent, for cash payrilent. The average weight, of a chaldron of Piclou coals is 3,456 pounds. The average required m the United States is 2,940 pounds the chal- dron. ^ y ^. One hundred chaldrons of coals, Pictou measure, are equal to IJI chaldrons, Boston measure. The usual freight from Pictou to Boston is $2 75 per chaldron, Boston measure. Pictou is in latitude 45° 41' north; longitude 62° 40' \vcst;ri« andfalloftide4lo6 feet. . ^ The Sydney coal field occupies the southeast portion of the is t)f Cape Breton, and is estimated to contain two hundred and fi * miles of workable coal. The thickness of the coal-bed \tt)rkeil Sydney is six feet. It is delivered on board vessels, after being ti ported three miles by railway, to the loading-ground, at S3 60 , chaldron, with the same deduction to large purchasers as at Picl This coal, as a domestic fuel, is accounted equal to the best Newer ^ it is soft, close-burning, and highly bituminous. The Bridgeport mines are fifteen miles from Sydney. The «eain at Ae^ mines is nine feet thick, aq^ contains two tliinpa.^ of shajle. The coal is of excellent quality, of the same desfcription mt Sydney, and not at all inferior. The coals from Cape Breton overrun the Boston measure fit^lS 20 per cent. ^F » wfcich is eqt Boatoo is $9 percent, ad to 16 77 per cent. » and c( ^f^ by act ektjdrm. Anthracite ( fiur to become of which has i fcr steamboats I ades, the consi Icofanies, and & IbtM^foad more J The foUowin |%edtathe \ |« toe years 184 Tain. jCout [5f, foregoing « T« a^ent for , "off about tWve Sydney is in latitude 46° 18' north; longitMe G0° y west; and fall of tide 6 feet. r^ The Cumberland coal mines are on the coast of Clngnector forms the northeastern termination of the Bay of Fundy. These have been but recently opened. The seam worked is abojit fiwr ^ half feet in thickness. The coal is bituminous, but is alleged to tain more gulphur than any other description in Nova Scotia. The principal exportation of coals from Nova Scotia and Breton is to porta in Massachusetts and Rhode Island, wj(h a vquantity to New York. Many American vessels in this trade, j^« Sdh- since the e hang e Tg^w^mvigatio n hmg^ obtain fa s i ghts ^«-^»^^^r^ gcoUa, Newfoundland, the French islands of St. Peter, Pnnce Ed^T «««»», whid, «, island, and the New Brunswick ports on the Gulf of St. Lawrence load with coals as their return cargo. . ^ ^ The mean pnoe of Sydney and Pictou coal foir the cbaldroDi 2^«able isla with many fi ««d inlets. ^ jBretonisalm ^ island, ibo|d,M,d « are With 1 ^j^^_'ijfst.,^_^',_ m to become conoii^,^ " <, '"^^ « anv or ^u ° '^ /I • J¥ Wcton. IVtaL 6.390 6. fill r™, agent for »i| ,L ■ "^""sM bv il,» u CAPR l,B„ CAPE BRETOIV. Suable ioJonJ • . ^'th mant fi ^ " ^« shape nearlv » • t. D ^ — ^°. "v part of itm' .«♦ •*>^""^ numner i ■ Ml; L I i:l '^t Us interior shore until it presents abrupt cliffs toward the Atlantic *^'^-' ,.1 .« «f Pnne Breton is estimated at 2,000,000 of acres: The whole area of Cape melon i,. it» popukuon somewhat «*^^J^\^Xeton, the highest land dcg^ Hhe ^outhen^ divjs.o„ ^Caj^^ exceed 800 feet; ^"^^^-'^l^^'^Sinating at North Ca^^f. bolder, and more ^'S .r^ „^.,y. --r - rphP fiWlWFls^f good size, and of e» distance from the sea. Ihe fBWWiris ^ g -f •s.^^ACdLC'^ILI^atE^l.';^' / H. Doc^ 136; m ke|»lodoclme from the time tlmfnn.* , ^ A has been said bv Mr iX ^r ^""'sburg. . "^""^ ^&3^^^ late sectary to *^ to our people, as a nitio,., than anv S .PT^T "'^ ^^ '""ro Ms; and th« d* it.were onge obta nCl l^v » ''" ^"''^'^ ^^^^^ India Iadapo8.tion to cpmm^nd the surrouLX' o^„ '""! "^A^^hing statio^ Id^Amencan navy might safely c^^AZZTt^""''^^ ^^'^ta I By the treaty ot Utrecht, in 17 \ ^vl \ "' '^'^ ^ "rope. VcaUed -L'Aeadie,'- no^kno , ' LX;^^ r"^"f ^"^ ^'--««- ..ck but reserved to itself the "Isle Rov^r»^r"''' '"J^' ^^"^^ ^run,- ton. In order to maintain their/ position Am •'" "^f "*' ^^P^ ^^ Ibnaal possession of the harbor of 1 1-^ '^'"''"^•«' f'o Frea^h tflok ^ml72a.ommenced there d[eli:^^t^^ after thi. tre^y, r^,«' r^". knowij and celebrated SS^ of the fortress of that M nation expended thirty miSn" of £, ^P"" ^'"'f ^-rh:es8 the r T J' 7^' capturecf in the mo t Jnll'":''' ''^'^ ^^'"S^ ««™ « kner by Uie forces- of New EnManH Si? 1 ^"'^'^^t^-'^crdinaiy [ranee by the treaty of Aix-la-Chnpelle mt^'-^"' '^"^ restomdS was recaptured by the British amlV.!? • i / ' '" '^'unkfor Madras ttreatyofl763.b; which Ihe F ' Lfce uTil V^'^'^ ^^ «^' ian possessions to England, the RriW«jf ^ '"'" *''^"" ^"r* ^mer- Ufications of LouisbSrg, at an ovn -^^^"•^ent demolished t4 ^t feu into the hands ol-^leho^tlTwer 's''"''^ ^^-'"° ^h^ fbor of Louisburg has^^en deserted^I^: ?'"^^ ^^^" »''« ^amoS I occupation by tlie French ,v „! ', '""lo^gh previouslv—d ,, .;„„ I* trade and fisheries. ""ssels, ol all sizes, *cre employed fit remained unde^ the ^analmem of a 1 ."" '^^^ ^^"^^^ toX " N assembly until 1820, whfnTw./rn "'^"'\"' ^'^'^^^ov, couni r» ^'^^,'-«»"™« of trade for cipe CTnT^ '" ^°^^ Scotia. Ijfor Nova Scotia, it is now difLuKo 'S " ^'"^^ '"'^^^ "R^^*^ 4e value of its products annud?^ ''^'"'" ^" accurate account pSr.'^^^^ ^^^ of^6ape Breton.in 1847 and 1848, 47.— Dried cod. Scalefish, dried* Pickled fish— •--:-- Mackerel \^ Herrings . . \\\ Salmon...' \ Other pickl^'fiah."." Uslrino' .41,364 quintals". -14,948 « S^-skins ofaTESat: ....17,300 barrels. 2,985 » 335 « 12,399 - «« — -....^.i. 12, 100 inmia5Bgf7 / 415 tuns. '«.^™lue of U.efi«g™g„,eles™s, 302.6,6. 7- 4fJip#li| i'ilSSisiiia-S' Ep '** ^ H* Doc. latr* ^ * iftifl— Dried cod - • 32,668 quintak • ^^'^^^t dried •- «.^83 " MacKerei H?""f :. : 296 .. Salmon iqqco u Other pickled fish 18'862 " o 1 1 • » 2,200 in number. Seal-skins R>iq ♦.,,.. OU of all kinds ^*3^»'^»- The value of the above estimated at $282,772. There is reason to beUeve, however, that the above gives but i imS-ectidraoTtli extent of the fisheries at Cape Breton. It h SS alcerSed that, from the portion of this island within the strait Sf CaXSloWiig quantities offish were exported in the year 860: codfi^b- ::::1;?r„ra^]r Herrings J^ ann Spring mackerel.., -61.600 ,, Fall mackerel • r' 7.«70 " ' No returns can be procured from the northern and western porda of Ais SK t^ fish caught near which being generaUy earned Arj to SrUm the fishinl-grounds by the fi«l»«^'^^" the^nselv^^' ^^ out reference to any custonT-house. It has been ascertained, howeva on gSd auAority, that the quantity of herrings and nmckere cjt anl^d at Cheticamp, (the western extremity of Cape Breton,) dor Ae^iawn of 1661, wJs not less thaB 100,000 barrels. ItTXged that'the banks in the vicinity of Cape Breton arethi covered with sheU-fish, and consequently are the best feeding-gro^ for cod found anywhere in those seas; hence, also, the superior qua of the cod caught and cured there. j uj •. The tXl quantity of coals raised in Cape Breton, and sold dm yei 1849, Amounted to 24,960 chaldrens CNew^^^t^^ .^^^^K Wand 11,787 chaldrons of fine coal; of this quantity, 12,090 ch ronsof the arge coal and 1,210 ch^drons of fine coal were «b to ieWtedStotos in 1849; in 1860 the quanUty ^JF^ « ^ J States was 10,796 chaldrons of large coal and 1,686 chaldrons of! ^'ir'he entries'and clearances of trading and fishing vessels at Cj Bteton in 1860 were as follows : Inward in 1860. ^jt^J^^^^— ^1_^I _.: ^J lm ^ . Tm.y^^ a^f-"'^ 349 From England.... - '^^'^ q i96 From Briush colonies - -..-^^ f J io& From United States .j^^^^..-. ^\ ^^ FromForeim States .^^^irrT. » I''*"'' j,, ^rr---. ^ I It Sydney^ * * ^g From England... v«^V „ From Pmted States.... 216 sioj? - Fmm fo^gn ports....:::;;; ^ lofoH I ^°^- ::::•••• ^^ i,5i6 ^^l 35,348 f^ 47,661 Whole number of vessels inward. From lArichat- ^'^mwardinmo. 10 Great Britain.. To British colonies* Tolinitei States... "reif nutates. , T.»tai. :;;- I From 5 ydney-— "'^' Jo Great Britain foBritisii colonies.""" |o United States, p foreigii States. Vesaele. Ton.. 48 14 4 2,961 1,283 633 66 „ ^ 837 217 20,615 69 6,883 48 3,712 4,877 feDuniber of y^sefe outward. _339 31,591 12^ 36,468 5.valu0 of imports anr? «^ "^^^"^^ orts^ • / mports— I \^reat [Britain.. hWestlfodies...:::" J Bnush^orth America 'foreign States.".';;;:; Ariehat «1,575 1,355 23,585 16,695 43,380 1,355 fydney. •18,335 16,660 13,645 1,690 I ""* . -1 t^ v.l6e of iq^^ ^ it- (> '• . ■'■■ I- •^/ 't*T« *y ,,.Ai.A^(^-: 4 - .. J" Exports— w Arichat Sydiey. » „ . .- «10,850 To Great Bntaon- . - - - ' $38,400 2,745 To British West Indies 38,620 119,265 To British North America g ^^q To otlier British colonies .., - - gg 335 44 .j^q To' United States - - - • "",,,. 32,475 7,200 To foreign States .. 16M80_„ 184^53 Total value of exports in 1850 >vas $339,010. -^^ ' i kJ^vpcI that the foregoing statements do nol^^^ » correct ac- It 18 believed that tne ^^^3* ^ j of Cape Bretftn, as much 13 <;ount of the whole ^"^f "^^^ ^i^f ffSfS to and from which there is at imported and sent ?^V thr9"f Hahfax^^o an ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ I ""'' T:Z:iZ'Br:T^^^^^^'- very considerable trade. .J to show that ^^ape x>reiou i* nnr country under a system o^l might te vej7 largely increased with o^^'^^^'^^^^^^ needs, and J iree interchanges inasmuch - ^ape B^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ J always continue to purchase, many p paying for therainliie| could be increased very considerably. SABLE ISLAND. TV,;* low sandv island, the scene of numerous and melanclioJ Thi? low, sanay ^-/^V^' , f vessels bound to or from Ed rope. It IS aooui eigmv "»^ , nuarter in width, shap is^about twenty-five miles. ^Y one mde and a q^^ have succeeded very well. ^ ^A n -n flip wpII known mai By observations of Captain Bayfield R.N., th« well k own ^^^ I H. Doc. I3a, itissaid by Captain Bavfielr? J, u ^"^^ pweaherj in the f™^ J*'"'"' ^"'th a line "r f "", ™'™ '""' p&rfit>m tbeeitoJ^, "^'',* ">"« Awe is ten r5u ""''y '""''era m MlbrLndi^'f ' ■« "" ">•> bar in a?"v'nZtt »r*'«™S Captain Bayfieia L, „ ""nutcs after m vai„ ./«tabli^,i^httoro";;rt1 "• ^ ^--^n, „f ^.va « ,H..Ho„.»rr. Ho!^efSdoS' »ia III .Iff ' 1 j» i ' ■■^:ii^\j. M y TCr. ^- Doc. 138. PART vni. m ISLA^ COLONY OP ^ewFOUnC,,,-^^^^ . In order that a correct onini. ^^t.LUj)ING LABRADOfi. (onrces and capabilities nf .k • ,™^^ ^^ formed a., to »i. L fisheries, ft wmTLt:ti '' ^^-f-* Uhical.position and physical^7r° ^'^^ ^ brief nodcp nf^^ ^^"^ bcnption wiU also be Zl V ^^^''^'"ation of thJ^^f *^« S^ fi olthe government of r ^ ^''^ l-abrador coast jft^* ^ bW fjewfounSland Ssl" h^;f S,'°»3^. . ""''' ^^^^'^ "^w fonns rSt. Lawrence. From cl "T^f^^st side of the enfmn • M Fint approaches ^4"-<^- '' '' ^^P^-ted^XTuI^'^ *^ ^"" M> and noitfwest are tS J'"'^"" '^^thin about dfiV "' ^"^h- Wed by the Stra t o7 M.-^^"'. °^ Labrador fro^"^^^?^'* Jo ^^ llanticoaean. Its form 7 ^''^^ ' "« eastern S t T^'^^ ^t is H to regularity e?rh r'''?"^^^^ ^riangSar tu JTr*^^^ ^3^ ^^e ' kharboi^, creeS' anW ""^ "'• ^^^^« beinrbrokpn^''^""* ^3^ ^P- ithousand mUes l?,^ ^T^'^'' J^circVisrS '"^""'^^rous ^ to Griguet bay is abf ,^? f^^' '! «« extreme leS^f P^.^^^ jfuredonacurvefbronah..? ^''"'' ^"ndred and S ^^^P« Nthesea.Newfo3fand\'^^^^ "" "^^^«' ^ each o£e?, he fo^r ^^^^^o^- HiuTanTv£t°^ ^ "^^^^ Kn>clcs. S;rTd oveTr^^^'- ^^««« at the^^f ^^l ^.^^^^^ «t yPeamnceanTcW^;^^^^^^ e different ki'nWo^r^* -^ois uneven o„,r® . ^iroilghness *.j ■ll'f Ui 'I 574 H. Poc. 186. II ir k i 1 - «»,,i a fpW nthpra. are also found. The character S'thf tiS *r%S'^X aTc^S S the n^^^^^^ ot the timDer ^^"'^b J j^ ^^ ^oods have been undisturbedj ■tTTc, trerrr^h and height may he found. U by tnc axe, ^^^^^^ , » ojj|„ jn gmall groups. Most oi thTwSd roSltd'sSd Trowth, consistTng;^^^^^^ of J trees from twenty to thirty fe^t in Jieight, ,and about three or foJ trees, \™^ J^"^; / These commonly grow so close together thattheJ lwt?^"dtS 's ZeZeZm JiZ bottom; and lying indiscrj n3v ^ns^hem are innumerable old and rotten. stumps and branch. rnew?y7a"fen trees. These, with the young shoots and brush.™ Srm a ttfoeled and often impenetrable thicket. eXIoS in the woods, and covering the valleys and lower 1 arf foundTen tracts, which are called " marshes." These marshes, ^t necessaSy low, o^ even level land, but are frequently at aconsii Se helhtlove he sea, and have often an undulated surface Th ^casiSlv protrudes, covered with red or white lichens, and here STs a bank, on which the moss has become dry and yellow I ^e pS Tmall sluggish brooks or gulleys, are met w.th mj S^Z ? but the extreme wetness of the marshes is due almost ed to the'sp^ngy nature of the moss, the slope of the ground bem^ neily sffint for surface drainage; and when the moss .^ i off dry ground or bare rock is generally found beneath. Th?'^barrens;Lof Newfoundland are tho^ d^f^^^^s which t Jsumrnks ofthe hills and ridges, and other elevated a«^ tracts They are covered with a thin and scrubby vegetadon, . W of berr^Laring plants and dwarf bushes of vanous sort^ pThes oT^gS a^d^boulders, and crumbUna fragments of rd • SequenUy ^t with upon the » barrens." whicS generally ai.d "^S^: dSrSlTctste none of them pf any.geat e« ^ niarshes, and barrens frequenUy altemaUng with eax:h otberi ISiE^able ihusfTiO^oe onnttedf nameJrjFr^fle in^ lakes of all sizes, which are in'l^^^"!"^* V^t^r^^^^^ are found everywhere, over the whole face of the countty, w Z !Sys but on the higherlands, and eVenm the bellows of 4( mitfi of tite ridges, and the very tops of the hills. y ^Zxy ifsiie from pools of fifty yai^ m diamrtertoi fl. Doc. U9. , Taken in connexion with .V ''^"'"^^ ^«""'- total absence of anvfh.n un'^ remarkable nhnr, 7 first sight quite anoSof/'l^,^-^ kct«r of the country is "; 7 k *''"°^^" ^d generalT^f ^^f .""^^^ ^« at Eera. Each pondfor smajf r^r^"^ <=ause^orthe^h "''"^^'"^ ^^^a^- 5f its own, down wh^ch^^T ''^P""«'«' comrnunir«l "^? °^ ^arge 1. n^..st course To the a." the"^ .^^ificTnThZ^ Zt " "^^^ rast abundance of pondW^rt, ""^'^^ ^^use, howSr.r i. ^P"""*** illness of the ex tent of^T?^ ^^"^^^^ scantiness of Ih'u^* °^ the gm.t coating ofrJofs^W •^''"" ^^ ^^aina^e L n'^"^'^^' «»d ^acce^ion of moiS/e-Lr fr^°-^ tg'eoumry'^ '^""^ ^" -non 18 absorbed by thi^ U. ""^ ^^'^ or melterjT^' P" ^"7 "T-d^ to the brinrSfer"^^' ^'^^ ^^^nSSdji STh '^' '^'^ (f. ^ be given off fct "uUd "^^^ ^^ b^-nVepTa^t f^'s"'^ [The quantity of ground r 2' ^' i; "» m a reser- lus vast country, eniml • ^^^^^> by more than 20 nnn " ^^- llHdterll Sir5/P""g ice begin^^'fo""' usually fe^^^ ^^ Jrt human ],fi> *7.- • -y cximate, and DroHf,/.;«» i-.i^ ' . I Ryof U,e1!'3 the world. But, as tf in ^ """'^ ^^nSi and »«»t of LBb„rf„ b^^ 676 H. Doc. 136. for its most valuable and prolific fisheries, which excite the enterprise ^d reward the industry of thousands of hardy adventurers who annu- allv visit its rucged shores. , . i ^ re i In general, the main land does not exceed the height of five hundred feet a!K.ve the level of the sea, and is often much lower, as are all the islands, excepting Great and Little MecaUna. Th^ mam land and , islands arc of granitic rock, bare of trees, exceptmg at the heads of bays, where small spruce and birch trees are met with occasionally. When not entirely bare, the main land and islands are covered wtj, moss or scrubby spruce bushes; and there are many ponds of dark bog-water, frequented by water-fowl and flocks of the Labrador curie J The main land is broken into inlets and bays, and fnnged with islands,! rocks, and ledges, which frequemly rise abruptly to within a few feet of the surface, from depths so great as to afford no warning by the lead. In some parts, the islands and rocks are so numerous as to form al complete labyrinth, in which nothing but smaU egging schooners otj ehallops can find their way. , ■ • But although the navigation is everywhere more or less intncat^ vet there are several harbors fit for large vessels, which may be safel entered, with proper charts and sailing directions. The Strait of Belleisle, which separates Newfoundland from Labrj dor, is about fifty mUes long, and twelve broad. It is deep, but 13 r- considered a safe passage usually, owing to the strong current w sets through it, and the want of harbors. There are no harh on that part of the Newfoundland coast which faces this strait; those on the Labrador coast are not considered safe, except the h^^ near the northern and southern extremities of the strau. During the winter months the resident populaUon of Labrador( not exc^d eight hundred souls of European descent. Maiiy oft white men have intermarried with the Indians. The few widely^ tered families reside at the estabUshments for seal and salmon-tish and for fur-trading. Seals and salmon are very plentiful; the are of a larger and better description than those taken on the r Newfoundland. c v The furs of Labrador are very valuable. There are lour kin foxes; with otters, sables, beavers, lynxes, black and white be wolves, deer, (caribou) ermine, hares, and several othei' smaU ania all bearing fur of the best description. The Canadian partridge, the ptarimgan, or willow grouse, are also'plentiful. 1 A number of small schooners or shaUops, of about twenty-fave are employed in what is termed the "egging business.' Tiiei that are most abundant and most prized are those ot the muir; the eggs of puffins, gannets, gulls, eider ducks, and cormorants,! also collected. HaUfax is the principal market for these eggs, bull ihave been also carried te Boston, and other ports. Onevesseioi tons b said to have cleared^ $800 byjhis eggmg^ business in a 1 ' VgeaBon. ""^'^ """' ' ^"'~' vk l-i4', ^' Boc. ise. ' L(Ifish,thatbeint/r., ^ *'"'■'" "fish" is „, „ Uf fish is Zi^iri' T^'^ "^' ttl?sCAV"derstood to n^eon J The cod-fisheiyl^ eil7 "' Particular namp' ^^•^^'T other desS Varthe coast of the isinn 7 '^^''""'"■•^nd, or nll"'^." ^" the open se, vefy designated the " btnf fj.^^ ''^-^e modes o/f^?^ «^ SS J The Grand Bank is ?h. '^^'7'" «nd the%?n ^''>"g ^e respec?! lliscovered. It is 11 /^? "^ost extenW f''''*' ^s'^eiy.'» ^®^*- fccesfivedeflrees nT* "'^ ^"ndred S '"'^^'^^'••ne eJevatinn titarefromTSt^V^^huncIfedmlje?^.;, ^-ngth, and in so^^f H ^^' most of which srrv ^''^ ^^ ^Qucnted hv ^''"^"^ i« ffeS [ppalJy of sand and tho''^ ^"'^^^ ^"' the cod ^ wr^'^ «^«^^ of i«l are found in greatest nl ''^"^ of water K ^^''^^ '^Je bottom h* The beS Tht f '"'^ ' "" ^ n^udiy bon^°"' ^'^^"^^ fathoC M, meeting with th^- "^'''^ ^^aters. swrn. ""'^^''*"^^' are sun! P place on the Grand B^nkT/'T ^^« ^oIar"eaJ the influence of ff««'ng currents, and in tK ^^'''^'^^'ronceinthT' ^'"« meeting t^aporation and 6onSen,T ^'^"""'"P^^jStmn 7^^^^^"^^ of thf Pe cod-fisbeiy onX r '?' «nd hencelhiT^-''^^'^^' Produces ■ h^ of >fewfoun I J ?'^"^ ^ank be^an !' ?"tinual fog. ""^^ one hundred and fi« ^" ^^'^^^e yea^s .fi7 '^PP'-^ciated by the F^s; and then a rivfir "• ,^^''*" ^o supply the i -^ ^^g^ged in H ''^ench. ifili?^ '" the fishery sprTnL ^^'"''^ ^"3 Itah'jm N acts of Pplr ''"Portance to EnXn^^ "P between the En^ fir these eggs,butl\j^^^^^^^ ^^^^e.^sr^f^^j.^ F'''''' '^^"^^llenl!!''' ,rt8. One vessel«,7«y earned twenty gunf ^^\'arge vessels en^^T^u"" T'^ttuchann^lt^^^c^ to this fis£ %^°«?^ PosTtJon^ H to the confua"on of^^^'^^0^ contiiS^L^^^ «°t^ith- Punties on thL k ^^^ated by ^hp iv ? ^° P^sper. "^^te^^eU^Jr/T^-nd^S^^^^^ of 1792. as^ "o^^reaU,. In 1777, ^C&ISotl^ W •* ' : p»- ■ . Pn;/,. • n It 578 H. Doc^ seamen were employed in .he N^foundla^d fisheries! bw ,ha, „» ■^'FSwttTsufAe'Brii^ fishery a. Newrou„dl.,J „ J ■ d^ Tlf„ mice ii foreign marltets was very-h.g[h. and llic «jd Slsfe^^.rteffom Newfo^dlond in 1814 was estimated u.^lij '''SXfee"L''we?Km and southerfi'shore". fishery snru,,, b. im^^t^ldofl■ered wronger m^^^^ T'ln ft •'The r " b^l^^rs,"as UsU v^hieh'fish on the Gn,,il Se^rm^, generVly ""rrW twelve men, whose eateh .r tke ^ was aW ™e thonind .luimals of cod; yieldmg, olso, nl»u. l.„, "•■iteX ttee S?8U4he, nritish Newfonndland fisheri*.Jd. deiUned, owi^g to the coSlitinn whieh spriing up w,tl, tko tm the^en°rnd our own eife engaged m I he busmess. MmrfJ ^hSr^erch^nts of Newfoundland engaged m the tmde, asab^ bmortheprneipal fishermen, were wKolly nnnedj and* M rg^^antEority! that bilU of ^^^^^^f:^;- * [« rs^S ° nHs"? ■ 't"'|ea"wasle .xteSt of the dep J 4e BirUshfistories "f N-4"'!!""''' ,f ',1^ tZ S, Iv! r*.mnvP tlie settled population from the island, liiis, ftowew.j ir^^!dirlemv^e^y measures being adopted to relieve the j suJe ShSe wTsucl excessive severity mx^n the staple J %htSntie3 granted by France were higher even then than at j .Et. „nl that fisherv is now prosecuted solely by the yesJ Cce Td of the UnS States, u^nder the stimulus olhonm^ ha^ ne^r been given to this fishery by the BnUsh. . I THE SHORE FISHERY^ ' .sis»':-d:rnratTC:t . SSon.!"T'tL smaUbc^u the fit'^iStb-^*"^' Tl^, ofsucfe of the fishing grounds as ofler the gtMleSi ""Tfeir aver.« cich for small boats is from forfy" %j;^ J.SLh^asonrfor.be ^'-J ^'^'^ ^VZ' buintak per man. The expense of the large Doara is herlcs; but that nunhBcent beyond that of rh^ ^,u ' ' IPMk ■ Bonlr, and sometimes b,,f.' ^^ the smalllv. . . vfpundlmid prospmlH At most of the fishiW «?"r' '" ''^^ ^^^ge hm^^ ^^"^ ^ t^o men rhi^h. and theUBi^ commences oSfytrn "" ^'^« ^^^tTlVeS/'^ f/^ "^^»- ' ,s estimated at ncarl» to be over, for, ulthlZfZ"' ""1 ^^ 'he 10th l? a ""^ ^'i« <^ ■jer, the proceeds sometimS VIm ^''''P^'' co„ti„ue i7,P\August may be '. >" fishery smun. bMrcher employment is he nnni' " T''^ ^^"^'^ S^ ox 1'^** n^onthsC r its pursuu by t1.elB%«8t- . On some parts of ^tbe'r 'T''^ ^^^3' it?sTo?*, ^^ ^'"'^ led with much success rhJ ^,°^^^' however tL ^* ^^bandoned in idsalted on shore TK^ 7 '*'^" every iiir»I,K l , ffc »d.fehe7 being g,„,,^„ ,/ "^ ''"'* °'' -"chaWblo , [kno been followed a?,?^^ ""« ■»«( ccn„m ■ ■ 'wt shoals of herrin 'l"od mm ciSf^r 1? S<^"«!J. It is nf, "Z^ '° be about tile if «a>, tEe pe^Z, J^ ""■nod out ofX ! • "^ ^°™« «<" "■^Waymigl,, be made.i ^Jt and il» nr^^^ch Would rpn.i„5"P" ^'i ?»» improved «vo» *" .^ «»^ 4|--^> '\ *• 'W'. I ^■•:^i ,1 ■' i •vJ m H. Doc. 18tt. «« thcVoucht to bci from the manner in which they are spbtandi MtlteZ This bVanch of business, under better management, could be rendered much more extensive ^wd'profatable. THE MACKEREL FISHKIIY. Althouch mackerel are said to abound on the southern shores of NeJ foundlani: as also north of Cape Ray, and thence up to the Straitc^ Belleislcduring the summer- season, yet this branch of the hshenes, Elected by the residents of the island. They have no outEt for .1^ mS^kerel fishery whatever, and this excellent fish seems to pa nerfect impunity on those coasts ot Newfound and which il frequem |oing and returning as it pleases, without the least molestation. . "j, '"-'"^ THE WHALE FISHERY. It is believed that the whale fishery might be much more extcnslveL nursued from Newfoundland than at present, particularly on iheweJ «n coast, and in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, where it is prosecutedi 3 limited extent by the hardy fishermen of Ga§p6, without competitid THE SEAL FISHERY. About fifty years since, the capture of seals on the ice in early sp: which is popularly called. "the seal fisliery," first began at Newfoi land. It languished, however, until 1825, since which it has H increasing, year by year; and when successful, it^is the most profial business pursued there. ..<,,'• r 11 ti,o ,« The mode of prosecuting this fishery is as follows. Ihe \« equipped for the sejil fishery are from sixty to one hundred and eij ^ns eacb, witkcrews of twenty-five to forty-five men; they are alw prepared for selM^'ith the necessary equipment, in March eveiyi Xt that season th^^aaaassealing crews combine, and by their j efforts cut the vessels oS^f-^ ice, in which they have hraiyi ffleet it, covered with vast herds of seals. The anima s are surii liy the "seal-hunters while sleeping on the ice, and killed eitlicr •firelockiJ*- bludgeons, the latter being the preferable mode, as! 4liaturbfand frightens the.herd. The skins, with the massofla^J .^ftn^unds the bodies, are stripped off together; these are camedi -cvessels and packed closely in the hold. » „w},s' The Sealing vessels during storms of snow and feet, wnicoj -fieaaoQ they must inevitably experience, are exposed tot^Juio" __M9m v^'^ftftlfi have been crushe d to pieces by lie tremendowp "^^Stmasses of ice dosing ih upon them, anrm some insHiro /SSes have perished. Storms which occur during the lugM, vihejiressel is entangled among heavy ice, are described as truly :yet the hardy Newfoundland seal-hunter is ever anxious toco« ^COGoiting yet perilous adventure. 'tgi- '■ flf* Doc ltB6 »1M bj the S o/r'T^' '^d 'ii but the ^?"^ ^"-'^^^ to do aa Miately after fdli^tt^r^ ^'"''^ ««^«^ The fat, or seal-blu1,ber 1 ^^ '^*'' '"aJ^e tv^ ,^^n, • ^ «"cceasfu] in^ U put into frame-workvm? 'T'"''^^'^^ ^Pm U,e^[^n '" '*'".' reason. k the beat of the sun? In f h' '^''^'" « ^^eomefon ?'' 'j" V"^" P^^ce, Uich runs off is the virl" '^ ""' ^«"r weeks if f "\^^^ '^3' ex^sum Ur these respective 2"?"' -^''^^ °^'' ^^dtLZf ^f'^^' 'K? ^ofco.n„fere:" 'K-at,ons ^'-^ are tU^ aslhe""?- "^^ rhe seal-skjns are snron,! ' • "^ ordinary .^Fcked up in bundfes o/fl""' ^"^ ^^^^^^ in bulk • na Besides the"^ mode of se^I h'^" ^^^f^' ^"'^ «hiLent In r""- ""^'^^ ^^eyr M- The middle m ^* ^"""^ "°^er io- ft^.the main-stayof 1 if'^-^^™^'^' the bone and «• ,• To this ,h"re «t. '' "^ 'r™ fi»a sii w ii7!J' , ""^ -"reSmt H" "e eife.L '*?r<'na' exception. i^f^tS"^' "" l>«ttb- •'•**ribhe™.e„.„i "^ "-'"ff » «,«y geneml ,h,pped „, j,;^ ^ ^,___^ -fc J^' o<: &■ %1 H. Doc. 136. «r as they call it, on c-half their hand,'' being folly found by the planter, ^•!ii^ThW necessary to prosecute the fishery during the season. ThS^?s^a/^tKS,^i^^^^^^ -carrying on the shore fishery of Newfoundland. I ^e following return of the vessels equipped for the seal fisW, from die port of St. John only, and the number of seals taken by tkm fX A^las^ ten years, wi give some idea of the extent ar.d value Of this branch of business in Newfoundland : I 74 106 121 126 141 95 103 68 71 92 6,035 2,054 232,i 9,626 3,177 482,6 ir088 3,775 sm 11,863 3,895 302,3f 13,166 4,470 195,()i 9,353 3,216 334,43 10,046 3,641 389,4< 5,847 6,728 3.170 3^74 206,33 340,(1/ 9,200 3,480 382,0! The whole oulfit for the seal fishery from the island of Newta Un?L *e s;ri^ of the year 1861, ^oun«d to 383 vessels,- iiirffteeateof29,545tons, manned by 11,377 men. , ■, ■ I ^Thf average takeof s^als in the whole of Newfoundland dunag last seven y^s, is estimated at 600,000 per annum. I The foUowing is ft comparative statement of the quanuy ^ .6f tiie staple arficles of pr^uce exported from the island ot Ne. land in the years 1849 and 1860 : jbtielat. V 1849. Dried fish . .quintals 4 75 347,11ft 95 302,3« 70 195,(a 16 334,49 41 389,4« 70 206,3 74 340,111 SO 382,« ind of Newfom 3 vessels, withj adland duiiiigl| luantityand^ land of Newfoa 18S0. itity. ),182 J,800 [),828 1,000^ 9,m H. Doc. 136. , The total value of thf .'rr, * ^ ^3 J- im 18»0. ana IsSf ^rte "f Newfeund,^,, i„ «,■ j> The extent of the fnr^; ^ ** ' — |,«. 1850 and lesl: ""'""''' "»'' cleared at NewSiS^f"? «™ __^'l:^"'''' ««'•'' «^ ««ri £, 1S50. Countries. Inward. Number./ Tons »r | ~i ^ "T" U_J_J" ''«"• P-"- Ton. Men. Owat Britain ^wnueyandJeney"."" Gibndtar ' loaiMialandg...;""'" (Spain ::::;-- I liMtngal.... .. i Denmark *" iiw:::::;; [j^ .:::::::::: [^ North American , NiWeetlndlet...;;;; ^Wieit Indie* 28,446 1,516 14,701 10,035 8,002 4;?97 1,795 I Total. J. ;i .^, . H853 2,800 ,4.189 '26^ 15,622 ig 9.022 631 138,228 8,331 ■f'tl J 1^ li '< * >♦ ■ i v^- ^'TJfc f ^'4. 9 ^• 584 K* Doc. 186;r 'Xo. 2. — Vessels invwrd and oututard in 1851. Countries. f Europe: Great Britain Quemsey and Jersey Gibraltar — Ionian islands Spain Portugal Denmark Germany Italy France Madeira America: British N. American col. British West Indies United States Spanish West Indies Danish West Indies St. Pierre Brazils Inward. Number, Tons. 212 n 105 70 6 41 4 524 29 131 39 29,994 1,352 14,932 8,825 1,541 6,822 604 Total. 43 7 47,450 3,598 16,481 4,603 Men. 1,660 95 875 548 73 348 37 Outward. Number. 148 4 11 50 88 1 675 1,488 1,222 137,465 2,911 230 869 201 90 75 8/012 50 "i 70 33 18 2 51 4 Tons. 15,731 664 1,132 5,789 11,312 107 6,998 "62 503£tj. 5';, 162 -"^ 10,135 3,569 20,202 388 10,256 71 1,034 141,578 M«n. 7a 7 in I 3,13 en 211 m 19] ml »| r.astj The following comparative statement shows the total shipping i Newfoundland inward and outward in 1849, 1860, and 1851 : 1849. 1850. 1851. 1 No. Tons. Men. No. Tons. Men. No. Ton*. Ua. filtered .... 1,156 1,074 132,388 126,643 8,060 7,901 1,220 1,087 1384228 108,795 8,331 7,868 14822 137,465 1,034 141,578 1 m Cleared........... 'f The ships built in Newfoundland during the period of four yo from 184(6 to 1850 inclusive, are as follows : Pfi ^^ — ■ 1 W" Yean. Yessela. Tom. K' JJB 1947> •«••■*«• •»•• •«»• •■■•• «>■•« •••« »••« •• •■•• X& 1CM0*»*«* ••■• •»«• ••*• •<■•• •-•*• •••• •-••• •••••■ In 1849 -..-~ 17 19 ao ,794 1,055 :' ■^^"jgl"" Jfl UDU*«««« mmm» •«*« «•«• •«•• a*^* •••• ««« • ••••*• -30- -■ - - HHW .\ 1 ■• 51. Outward. Tons. M.n. 15,731 664 1,132 892 67 5,789 11,312 107 4» 7 6,998 m * 62 i 55,162 10, 135 3,569 20,202 388 10,256 71 K 3,13 m 211 130 U » 141,578 7,» total shipping i nd 1861 : 1851. No. Tom. 14«2 1,034 137,465 141,578 lod of lour yeai^po^Ogg Tool. «4 i,o» rn. "Doc. 130.: "^Sl" 1^' ^ teS^t^;~-::::::::S------:::: ^^^ \bM taberofseo]i„g„e^; -, 972 C'.-.liJ The value of the »n„ "'■ " ■'." ®™ -' '■«■!•■';?' ^ L Ibas been stated ^^ "' P'''"'"'^^ of. the c„I„ ".' " " ' " ^'^ ' ■ H •" " 1 1 " J 'a™5\l'!:^.^.nea ■ ' :M^m j«75ban.wtr„g; .•:::::: '^-^''.ooo •• ..m,' | 508,446 seaj-skins. ^ 60,500 'Jfli ' Jw ''*'*{ J990 tons of cod-oiJ 254,000 \- ''If ' ff Fuel and skins... '" 850,000 - • I f ■' || 1 BaitannuallyaoIdtJ'th^'F ":V -'." ^^^'^^O '*^# J' Fl, 'I ^JjJjeofagri^,,,^,;^J^nch :;;---.. ^e.^ ^''#^|^■^i Total *2'W "•K'<*Mli leayerage value of nronprt ^52^020 ^^ffiP}lll*'} P-«^-3thusstater^^^"»d inthefishenes,d^^ . ^'ffl^P^ J "eS'Sf^^^^-a^ fishery ..''iffill' ' 58ms,ofaUdeS-in^'-- ''^6,676 r Jif Hr^ '9 cod seines "P^°°» • 125,000 : 'JWl-lll ij. for making 's^^f-j '..;;; 68,600 V vJL i* "'ents and casks ibr liver: 25o;ooo f> Ffl^l lirii Totnj . "••• ^^Q»ooo lu^dLilit" ?j563,17^ .1 :,*:T|^|MMf . ' '- 1" » * . ^^'t £80 IjE. Dqwn thus : . .,: ketum of the quantity, value, rate, and ammni£ f "^^jf /sSf J articles, the growth, produce, or nuinufactureY the United Stato,« jm-ted intoSie colony of Newybundland, during the year ending January, 1862. '' ■^ ' . Articles. Arrpwroot. ............ .Apothecaries* ware ..... Bacon and ham?. . - .cwt. Peef, salted... ."..barrels. Beer and ale . .... . ^do . . l^lacking "ran. .y qra- road ■ . - *. -1 » « »^- .cwt . Quantity. Value. I Bricks, .. .No., Butter cwt. Cabinet ware 180 2,098 340 29 fl.367 2 524,703 8,633 3 $2,370 2,007 1,980 24,690 1,906 Bate of duty. .6 per cent.. 6 ' do 6 do •• 2s. per bbl. . 10 per cent. . 70 25:923 3,g§B 43,987 715 5 per cent. 3d. per cwt. 6 per cent. 2s. per cwt; 10 per cent. ToaUi ^i:ii^;Miii.l'WTJ,-*'^kfe^jfe^!^5»4^ia^^ » STATES. e quantity and om that colcjny 1851. Quantity. ValM. 2,329 |5,51« 46 239 18 % 4,163 41,fiH 15,431 38,4% 619 1,86 1 15 19 4,TO 750 50 !»,» rom Newfou er vessels wh idlandfromt aid on nited Stala, i year fdaty.' TouU cent. . }1 1 .. 1 r bbl.. I. r cent. . • ••• cent.. rcwt.. , "feent.. rcvt.- 4i rcent.'. flf- Doc. 188. STATEMENT_c„«i„„ed; •Articlei, Candles, tallow.. T)onnH« i a» ^ IJocKs and watches Cheese. . : . . * * * " "/"*••- cwt.. S55 2 ••-. do.. iconfectione;^::::.^^"^' Cora,|grain,mea],floii^, Indian corn. . . qj-s oat8..::::;v.v?o** btton manufactures.' °"l ^^ 'en and China wii-e M^viz: W fwit, viz; les. cwt. oysters, bushels barrels. 18, currants. cwt.. W8.Iemon8.barrels T'"'^«- cwt.. J^eserved.pounds. vines "ware and cutlej^* ' ' ' "*" •••-cwt. DRnr ooshela. ,»««<}8au«js..\"*"; 'andtar il i" 157 •T'^acVurer'^'^^l ^ f'Junean^fen,;;;;;; • • .cwt. . 1 instruments ^^^ 98 5 es.... ^•„-'-'\'r I 740 Is iiSX^OBtt » . 088 H. Dm?. 136. « STATEMENT— Continued. Articles. Qnimtltf. Pork, salted ..... barrels Potatoes and vegeta- ble&t bushels Rice cwt.. Robes, buffalo Rosin J barrels Salt tons.. Salaeratus v Slops Seedsr ^"^ - - - Sausages cwt. .-. Soap . ..\ do . . . Spirits, viz: rum.. gallons. Stationei-y Sttaw manufactures Stone, grave . . -No . . . Tea pounds. Tobacco, viz: Leaf. ; pounds. Manufactures .... do — Cigars No . a . Steins cwt... Tobacco pipes i . - Tongues w- ... . . .barrel^ . Turpentine, spirits of. gaJls . Vinegar do. . Wine, in bottles .do. . Wood, viz: Staves and casks . . pack . ' Timber tons.. Board and plank, .feet. . Wooden ware WboUen manufactures'. . . 14,480 745 419 2 ' 60 1 4 Value. Rate of duty. 20 1 430 .6,122 1 61,390 3,368 329,166 64,060 30 Total. 1 118 663 2 4,472 i 10,000 $183,086 785 1,877 300 ■31 • 65 25 845 681 ,■ 86 ' ?,000 3,665 626 36 7 14,618 780 64,636 926 76 2 12 41 122 16" 3s. per bbl... Free 6 per cent.. 6 do 6 do 6d. per ton... 6 per cent. . 6 do .. Free 6 per cent.. 6 do . .. 9d. per gall.. 6 per cent.. 6 do 6 do .. 3d. per lb . . . Total dntj. $10^860 8,960 16 100 7,696 11,736 2d. do . . 2d. do . . 6s. per M.. 28. per cwt. 5 per cent. 6 do . 6 do 6 do ^ . 3s. per gall. 5 per cent. Is. 6d. per ton 28.6d.perM 6 per cent. 6 do 964,266 15 1 100 1 1.1471 3,2111 7«,(» An examination of the preceding table shows that the principal! ticles imported into Newfoundland from the United States are p ■^ nit ^ly t h off '^ which -gJYe greatest employmen t to our p eople. "tSc vSue'ofsalted beef imported m 1861 was $24,690; ofl $26,923; of bricks, $3,896;- of butter, $43,987; of cheese, $4,W|J Indian com, $1,660 ; of corn meal, $24,318 ; of wheat flow, WW of apples, $3,785; of pitch and tar, $.3,333; of salted pork, IIW \- duty. Total datj. bbl... $10;869 / , cent.. 9? ' 15 1 ton . . . cent.. 1 o .. .42 cent.. i O ' .. 100 rgall.. 1,U7 cent.. 26 o .. *I o .. rib... 3,211 lo ... lis lo ... 13,71 r M... 3,37 r cwt.. cent.. lo .. lo .. lo ... v rgall.. cent. . IS .per ton • perM. • cent.. 4 do J 3 .the principal I 1 States are f eople? 14,690; ofbn heese, $4,775;| ; flour, $476,3 [pork, 1183,0 i-^^f. (e" the whole trade of the iSanH, -1 '^^^ ^"^ the United .Sfaf^K '^°'"' , The &st abstract wfSblW ""l '''""^"^^ ^^ ^eye^fsil^^ "^ the vessels entered inwar,l • u ' '^°^« ^he number a^ 7 ComUriei from whence entered |£onpe— Great Britain . Onemsey and Jersey Spain... Portugal. Denmark. Oermanr . It«ly. Total ftjti«h North Americwcolonlee. I 504 BrituhWertlndleg. t ^i United States.. " iWeitJbdiei Cnba [' Porto Eico .t t Pair's, (French) 1 '• «,?* .w' . •* h -v* •• • ) I «;. 1 *ri ■r- ,■1 •' ■ vessels, distinguishin^B-S^^^r^ ielt'^WyS^^ rfl^poS^n^"i^" -^ ^^ -rthen. colo 'wtedStatel it Jc^ded £^rf '"*" Newfoundland is f^ thp "es last year b| «5 wtt&^tSTo '''"i ^'^^ "^^ghbot^ c6l! ations from^^^ery foreign^l^;^''^ *° nearly one-half of aS im- .-"' •■ -^ \, ^' A U^i r . a * 590 H. Doc. 136. The succeeding abstract exhibits the number and tonnage of the vessels cleared outward from Newfoundland in 1861, with the value of the articles exported in such vessels, distinguishing British from tbreitrn: Coontrios for which cleared. Europe — Great Britain Onemsey and Jersey ■ — Gibraltar Spain r Portugal J. Denmark Sicily Italy Madeira America — ^ British North American eolonies British West Indies United States.. Spanish West Indies — Cuba Porto Kico West Indies, (DaniA) Brazils St. Peter's, (French) .\ . . Total Vessels. No. 118 4 11 50 88 1 5 50 1 503 70 33 18 2 51 4 Tons. Value of exports. British. 15,731 6641 1,132 5,789! 11, 312 107 582! 6,998! 62 •I 55, 162; 10,135| 3, 559 1 20,202! 3881 10, 256 i 71 1 $2,040,960 22,260 60,035 273,810 575,360 11,625 31,380 ' 357, 370 ■ 2,490 345,930 340,095 99,720 50,325 21,920 450,560 230 1,013 142,176; 4,684,07« Foreign. $98,655 880 16,920 570 250 117, 2!5 Total. 9'3,133,ffi 23,!Jij| (ifl,« 2:3, "Id 575, 391 ll,ffi| 31,; 357, Ml •2,4»)| 302, «jl ;M0,6£| 99,9»| From the preceding statement it will be seen that the exports I Newfoundland to the United States . have but a small value, as coi pared with the articles imported from this country. For the sti products of Newfoundland exported to Spain, Portugal, Italy, the Brazils, amounting, in the whole, to $1,667,100, that 'colony r ceives a considerable proportion of its payment in ready money, large share of which finds its way to our country for beef and pitch and tar, breadstuffs and tobacdo. The balance of trade so largely against Newfoundland, in its dealings witji us, creai much difficulty in that colony, and forces it to deal more extensiv with European countries which purchase its products, than it wo " if the trade with us were more nearly upon an eauality. In 1860 the number of vessels whicn cleared from the colonyi Newfoundland was 1,102, of the burden of 129,832 tons. The tffl value of the various articles exported in these vessels is thus stato British, $4,761,260; foreign, $117,690; total, $4,878,860. The total value of exports in 1861 being $4,446,180 only, shows! icreaae from the preceding year of $433,6 70 . ^ f The value of imports at Newfoundland in 1860 was $4,336,59 and in 1861 was $4,466,180, being an increase in the value of goo^ imported in the latter year of $108,696. There was, therefore, an i creased importation, with diminished exports, during the past season, j Newfoundland, m ' \ [ tonnage of the with the value of ish from tbreitrti: -^ >oc. 136. wrts. foreign. Total. P98, 655 8«) 16,920 570 250 23, W) I 1)0, OS 273, «[ 5:5, M I II,efi f 31,; 357,3;o| 302, sol ;M0,6gl 99,9a| 117,225 4,801,3( the exports L. ill value, as coi For the stJ ugal, Italy, u , that "colony n ready monevt " beef and ^ e of trade witji us, cp tftore extensivu than it would I (n the colony^ tons. The totj I is thus state 50. . SO only, shows! was $4,336,5^ value of goo therefore, an i le past season, S4S0,000 480,000 144,000 VALUE OF THE LabrI ' ^^^ -.The exports from Labrar? F^^ ^^^^ ^^ Wsheries. No accuraee accent of ,h„ t , . "°''' '""' "<' fumiled, because there »»T''"' "^ ''"<' Mports of r ,K j I » ^obtaio^edT"^ »'' '"» h tes. and ^.t^^fenlEon^'^- In American vessels ' ""« mat .InNovu Scotia vessels::"] -> in Canadian do. In vessels owned nr ^v,!!,'J"";', >a.e. hav^^ell ?Est^t?«"* ">"''" ^--^ •""" Iii vessels ownpfl n,- ^k " "rV^ on the coast ^ y dland ? : ':\^^^'^^^,i by the peo^k^f '^^ 4^0,000 Total//.'.'.'.'. ■ ^:!^' ' , The number of fishermpn \ ^^T^^ Srrr 'fe'- "-^"i Sc"ef S S s-'n ."--nd ^«Xd -'^tites:,-'™.^-. »**, Of . •"» total en»i*. .^ v_TI ■ • • — . . ■>" '-^Mf \, \ i '''^1 '"•'''^^^^~^^^*^^^^^^ ....•^«?.:- i^*yU*vn 1^1 ^9» H, Doc. 18$. possible distjuice between the continents of Europe and America. • As It lies directly in the track of thp Atlantic steamers between the United "States and Europe, public attention has naturally been directed towmji its harbor as a posiuon of jjrominent and striking importance on iliis ' side the AtlanUc. It therefore deserves something more than a pass- 1 It has recently been proposed that St. John should bo established as a port of call for at least one line of Atlantic steamers, nnd tliat the intelligence brought by this line from the Old World should be thence transmitted by telegraph to the whole of North America, The route for the line of the proposed telegraph from St. John lo Cape Ray, the southwestern extrenuty of Newfoundland, was cxplnredj during the latter part of the season of 1861, in a very oncrgetJcl and successful manner, by Mr. Gisbome ; nn^ it was found, ihut be-l yond the question of expense, there were no unusual obstacles to prc-j vent the coiistruction of the line. From Cape Ray to Cape North, atj ;the northeastern extremity of Cape Breton, the distance is lorty-cijbF miles, across the great entrance to the Gulf of St. Lawrence. It id proposed that telegraphic communication shall be maintained ncntf this passage by a submarine cable, similar to that now successfully iJ operation between England and France. From Cape North to tH town of Sydney, in Cape Breton, the distance is but short ; and Sy. ney already communicates by telegraph with every place in Americj to which the wires ar« extended. Another proposition is to carry the submarine cable at once fm Cape Ray to the east cape of Prince Edward island ; tlien travcraj^ a portion of that island, to pass across the straits of NorthuniberH into New, Brunswick, there to connect at the first convenient sta' with all the telegraph lines in North America. It is alleged that a fast steamer, having on board only the sl quantity of coals which so short a trip would require, might cross t Atlantic from Galway to St. John in five days; and, if so, informali from all parts of Europe could be diafeainated over the whole of« -Union, even to the Pacific — from Moscow to San Fruncisco— wit The narbor of St. John is one of the best in all Newfoundbnd.i >good harbors abound. It is formed between two mountains, the( Points of which have an entrance called "the Narrows." ' From the circumstance of this harbor being only accessible bjrd "large ship at a time, and from the numerous battenes and fortifies" .erected for its protection, St. John is a place of very consida strength. There are about twelve fathoms water in mid-channdofj entrance, which, although but one hundred fathoms wide, is onlyf hundred fathoms long; and, when the Narrows are passed, the W* trends off to the southwest, affording ample space for shipping.' ^:^QodaDcb o rag e, in. perf ect s h el ter. ^ ^^^.^.^ Some very interesting testimony was taken before the L^ Assembly of Newfoundland in 1(^46, with reference to the ad»an .of St. John as a port of call for Atlantic steamers. AmoDi oj ■witnesses who were examined was Captain John Cousin8,anoldj arespectable shipmaster, who s^edjafollovs: / tf- Doc. 186. -^^ "I am a master-mariner anrl T k l ' ™ fouryears I have arrlved'at NewfouLhnW T^'^f '" ^^^^ ^ade forty- S. John is safe antcIlrut1.tt^fi '^'^ ^^^^^^^^^^^ tolonyi Che water is <|ccd enm,„l, r^ r ^ ""'= " 'wrbor ns am T^k r?"^ if"- The u|hX:f 1 "c'rt"™'" "..> risri: ,'".Tah1:S-,eea,„„«.„ee '*"'""• '"- -gS k .0 he «,„„d Mpl,*:^S,»* "f New«,™^ i, U ^cl i, found as fi°al th^Zkl^P^'i^y ^^•'^ Selo^' k m.i several voyages ,0 No™ ?wT ° "f """- ' '""<'. »« mw- ■ W »"e.fi-ou, ,he shoals ;h«t'„fc':f "''!-,>> is a ve^ ■°°5' ™ u at a considerable dii "Fogsprevail along the consfnfv r „ Wi.«the months ofttiy J™. '•'"'fT",'''™t.Jphn as the most eastern land^S fi a ^^^^'^P^'cal position .uc. Situated on apromonto^ direetlv 1 tL"^™^^^^^ ««'« of the A^ Jth Amencan provinces andVeSd^' "1"''' ^^^^°«" ^^ other ebd 1,666 mies only, obviously Ss^"^*^™"' ^^ ^'«^ant ^om ^of St. John possesses the adv^m^efonir^^^ ^^^^^^^ N; of having a depth of water 3 I '^^"g caoacious yet land- ^larpt shipslhat Ct toJnf« a"/ £ "" ""^ i"^' ^'^•°*» •Se fyof access and free frorsSa or t?J V' "i' "^ ^°"" > ^^^'^^Sg v> 4(04 H. Doc. 186. !•* ♦ > which may everywhere be approached with safety. It is, therefore,! said to be manifest that the port of St. John presents facilities aiid| conveniences for steamers which cannot be surpassed m any port J the world. There is said to be less fog on the coast of this part oil Newfoundland than on the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia; ami oknM times when the fog is thick on the Banks of Newfoundland, this vomi free from it. , , • i • • A good land fall is of great value to the navigjitor, anoc. 136. tnuM Atlantic steamers nnri « n *W5 from thence to€aprBrefnn '^.'" "^^ablish a Kne of e?... • , ^.*-^ l^Jll OI «t. John LIGHT-HOUSES o.v THE EA^ - minutes, red and wIiW^ oi. Powerful IiVht rnv,.i, • fe above the sea sppn ^/^'^'""W; elevation on^?''^'"^^ ^^''^ '^^ the In ic«o- 4u north; distant fiv.'""/v"5^'' '" ^oneitude a^o nof J^acon-tower ia hexaLnfl ■ ^^P« Spear filtv X ^-i ^ ^^«*' In addition to these hVhf i, ^*» iS^TuL^!°°^«"dArdit,8san. Scotland * 60 ^do? J* .« f^ fv^» :-<*i^'' mim H. Doc. i36. \. In the yeiars 1860 and 186X the number of vessels which enters in\eard at the port of St. John, Newfoundland, was as follows: C!oi]ntrie8 from which vesmla entered. Europe: Gissat Britain Gaemsoy and Jenoy Spain .' Portugal Denmark Germany Italy : America: British N. American coronies British West Indies , United States Spanish West Indies Brazils Total. 1850. No. of vessels. 131 3 65 46 5 25 12 380 26 105 64 3 865 Tonnage. 20,281 221 8,817 5,533 80S 4,108 1,539 36,532 3,527 12,978 8,796 657 103, 817 Men. 1,121 14 521 330 41 211 95 2,192 218 729 612 36 6,120 1861. No. of vessels. 138 4 66 46 4 37 3 377 26 99 38 4 842 Tonnage. | jfe^j 21,114 385 9,635 5,515 ^ 853 6,881 430 37,773 3,144 12,552 4,512 872 103,016 The nucober of vessels which cleai'ed from St. John in the i years was as follows : ^ Countries fh>m which vessels cleared. Europe: Great Britain Gibraltar T^ian tilands Spain Portugal Domiiarit Italy «k>ay Madeira 'France Amwica: Britiah N. American colonies British West Indies United gUtea Spaniih West Indiei... Panish West ladi^ ■■■■■..,■ St. Pierre Brazili Total. 1850. No. of vessels. 78 6 1 58 31 46 3 2 1 389 62 31 15 — L 1 42 766 Tonnage. 11,173 809 104 7,005 3,750 6, 366 353 221 89 42,517 8,429 2,971 1,915 95 8,149 94,063 Men. 47 6 541 235 13 14 7 2,478 514 194 111 6 445 5,638 1851. No. of vessels. 82 .8 34 57 1 31 1 1 343 61 27 17 3^ 38 703 Toniuge. 11,148 733 4,097 7,390 107 3,642 147 41,898 8,718 8,865 8,099 m 7,897 91,191 Is which enterec s follows: 1851. 21,114 385 9,635 5,515 s, 853 6,281 430 37,773 3,144 12,552 4,512 872 103,016 A lohn in the t 1851. Tonnage. 11 11,148 733 '"4,097 ' 7,390 107 3,642 147 41,896 8,718 2,865 7,8W 91,191 ■«^ I . ^' ^oc- 18$ 'n.e first IS a statement of th. ' ^" ^^ ^5 ' "^ "s increase or Aiticles. i^wn.... I Weight or fflemnre. | 1850. '*■■'•"■•■• «tir. *"rV'" SJ... •--cwt •bairelg.. , •-•do... I — do... , •do.... /•-.cwt.'... Ipimcheoog ■•do... •cwt. .. ••do... /-•••do... I- -pounds. /•- boxes .. •••do ••tona. , --do... /--barrels. / do.., /•- bushels -M... ^556 9,716 19,253 2,410 12,056 901 9,856 17,571 254,404 12, 163 , 4,598 19,048 I 18,025 3,240] 6,726 24,225 3,77ft, 2,718 3,641 1851. 80,143 106,084 3,869 13,309 2,522 13,370 728 7,313 23,035 1,926 „ 3,087 359,334 11,70^ 3,159 22,570 16,613 3,029 10,856 34,449 4,263 2,568 2,836 ' ^««ase. JDecn^^ 21,587 23,596 5.847 5,944 5,465 1,038 1,197 104,930 2."«28"... 4,130 10.824 485 454 1,439 MM ». fcV f • f hi 1 ^f ' i f f '• . f'm fi9d H. Doc. 186. The following statement exhibits the quantities of the various de- scriptionsof gocKls exported from the port of St. John in the same years, 1850 and 1861 : ArtioleB. Dried fiah: To Portugal : Spain Italy BritiBh West Indies Braril British America England Scotland Ireland -' Other ports -^ Seal and whale oil -•-•* Cod oil Blubber Seal skins: To Umted Kingdom United States and British America Salmon Weight or, , measure. quintals . ...do ...do ... do — ...do — do.... ...do — ...do — do... ...do... . .tuns . . ...do... ...do... 1850. number ...do... . tierces. Herrings ..barrels 85,1«43 123,040 114,665 117,750 108,684 25,391 6,990 5,025 7,635 69,258 4,868 2,447 578 339,075 1,000 1,950 8,457 1851. 160,905 70, 113 68,533 116,731 114,757 11,389 7,425 2,623 7,272 69,523 5,411 2,273 265 381,333 750 3,129 14,079 Increase. 76,562 52,» 46,11 MB 6,073 435 n 265 643 1 ■" ..] ID V 42,258 % i, 17? 5,628 Decrew. In addition to the quantity of cod mentioned above as having 1 exported during the year 1861, there were in store at St. Johnonll 20th January, 1862, no less than 181^00 quintals ready fcrexp tion the coming spring. The value of the imports into the port of St. John from the m States during the year 1861 was as' follows: In British vessel $660,686; in American vessels, $76,650; total value of imports I the United States in 1861, $736,336. he varioiis de- tie same years, H. Doc. 186. crease. Deenw. 76,562 52,W 46,11 MB 6,073 "435' ..?:"' "{'%^ "'"265' 38 643 ... J 42,258 / "i.nsT I 5,622 as having I St. John on tl dy fcrexp Tom the Uni British vessel af imports f The fonowing statement comnr.« "" I S9» m of articles imnorterl L.^iP"^^^ ^" account of thJ^ • m 1850 and IsiT, wtK '^" ^""^ «^ St. J^frofr "'.^"-'""P" ' ""' *^^-n% and value ^.^,-1-.- ^ ./. ') ■1; ;-:.1 P.iaitt-t.,'1^-'. ■-..!-& . 1 i • The imports into the port of St. John in 1861 from the British West Indi«8 are thus stated: Molasses, 20,063 cwt.; value, $49,960. Rum, 49,411 gallons; value, ,.$21,696. Brown sugar, 2,188 c^t; value, $10,780. Total value from British West Indies, $82,326. , From Spain, the imports at St. John in 1861 were -as follows: Corks, 11 csvt.; value, $116. Feathers, 6,936 lbs.; value, $430. Dried fruit, ^6cwt.; value, $266. Olive b^l, 424 gallons; value, $210. Salt, 482,504 bushels; value, $38',666. Wine, 3,326 gallons; value, $4,700. Total value of imports from Spain in 1861, $44,365. From Portugal the impons in 1861 are thus stated : Candles. I pounds.. 1,640 tl^ .Corks... ..cwt.... 48 155I Corkwood.... do.. v. ,78 Dried fruit ... . , do 6 451 Green fruii.... :...-,. boxes.. 282 53ol Feathers ^- pounds.. 2,988 a Olive oil ..'. gallons. . 1,006 1,0 iQnions bushels. . 828 l,Oi ^Salt .\ do. . . . 186,864 17,06S| •Wine"..i gallons.. 33,379 47,8S«I Total value of imports at St. John, in 1861, from Portugal. 68,21(11 From Germany ^ in 1851, the imports at the port of St. John were a follows: duantity. Vdie. j Bacon and hams cvrt . . . 372 $4,98J Saltbeef. do.... 296 M Bread and biscuit do 48,633 198,& Bricks 796,100 3,* Butter... cwt--. 3,043 m\ Cabinet wares ^^ Cbrdage cwt... 803 6,J Oatmeal ...'.barrels.. 499 2,311 Pease (round) do.... 337 2,811 Pease (split) cwt... 250 5I)| Glass and. glassware. ■ • ^'" Leather manufactures ^ • • • ^"'^ Oakum cwt... 60 Pitch and tar barrels. . 266 1.2a Pork cwt... 3,173 25,61 Wine... gallons.. 32 Woollen manufactures J"^ Total value ftom Germany in 1861. ^10,3 I*- -^ * '''**W " ' " Doc. ise The imports from Denmarlc. in 185, „.: ,,. V^^^^^^^^e as follows: Qaantity. ---ewt., M... cwt.. do. . 9,627 36 297 348 I Bread and biscuit. . I Bricks... JButter V.' jPork ]"* JGlassware ^ " ' J Cotton manufatetures' |Leather..i JFooden vatreS. '• I Woollen manufe^ftjres." * I ' • " • • » . ^ ^ Total from Denmark in 1851 . From the Spanish West Tn^- ,_ ••------.. 5o,760 dlows: '^' Jnd.es the imports in the v^ar 1861 "^" ^romCuba. ' ' "Ce . : . . . , i^ses ..., [m Brown sugar. •-}•,•' -cwt ».. •■-.-.do.... -^llons.. -cwt... rown suj^. Total value. ' ^^^ Porto Rico. '. ---Cwt.. ■■•■- do...; ;'."■ *-r --.gallons.. ' "■". --cwt... 122 26,586 '■ 68€S ■ 2,775 47,750 • 20 5,403 180 1,269 30,250 P to this colonvd.ir;« L ^^^n our vessph r""vOe interestihff er understood ?"^!, ^^Igast year, ^ ^ttll ^"P^^ ^^ ^ he plades wheTcI fh^ ^^ ^'^ ^^ St; JohfdSL^ ""'"^^ o*" "l'«-^, also A. ^^ ^*'^' and the nafnr ?#^®ye'ar 185i. , ?«»« they S>i?lr«» for vrhich ZyfSf T *^^S°<»« they ' WoalJn«T^-'»|y therefore iolk' f»"^ *^« nature o^' j|&..-4ti^i%S Except occasion severe seasons the St John is always I vessels which have of the year during i t ments have been p( Hbotfas.* Januaiy . . February. Harch . . . April "ay llune..... p«iy , Angust. . . . September , •ctober . . . [fovember.. Pecember . Total . [it is believed that th( mat colony are inor jmgress. They wert lliich are annually mi Miner— as much so a - My thanks are « Provincial Assemblj we, resources, and g H; to the honoxabj feral other gemte^en. ^- J>oc. 136. 603 Except occasionaflv in th-^ " , ^ , severe seasons the id « IT /"'^"ths of Februarv an^ \r u , Dt. rfuua IS aiwavs ea«v r.f „ ""^oi ui i^iew/bundlanH tU^ I i. state- It is believed that the returns nftKo* J .rtant colony are more fuU S 1 ^ecMh^^^^^ T?^^^ ^^ *^« im- TO. They were compiled from ^^^^ T ^^'''^ pr««ented7o ►W are annuaUy made up, in Tvor^^^ returns of Ae customs? aer-as much "L as thos^e o? anyclmT-n ^** ^°"»P^«henSe 5LS«^« are presented to LnroM^^. ?^':*,«" this conti- r« 3| ^?v .1 **. H 1 » < ,11 fi li. port; and to ■''••4'' ">li: »^\ ' H . ilS^ ^ ' • Charlotte T The island i situated in a c rence. It is &( straits of North Diiles wide. This island i line throuah its , breadth, thirty-f onJj four miles i The east poin from Cape Brett %. the neares which this islaa^ mti le sur hilk nt I -"gut red^ Jaa Jofrich alluvium, , (or else left dry b l.lnere are many bi liSMt found, gobd-, l«.j&ce, by sfnking J IJesoiIisadmn pH and there Ttere are no stones ■"atsttch as is requ »««. Wheat, oat . JJced abundanth ^^ne area of Prii ^ equal to 1,365 « population amoui ^toeverjr twenty LJfie climate is neid ttyg^da^^h 3 is very nearh M-^ seaaons iM*n,, / ^' Doc. ise^ PART IX. eos ^ on^ four miles wide. ''"'' '" "« '^^^^^est^itni^^.^^^ itsgreat"^ it>e east point of pVin,.^ p j ^ *''® centre, it i« Jom Cape fcon, aTone . ^?^ island is distant t %. the nearest^ n? v""'^'"^^ and twentw! ^'^^'^^^-seven miJe, *h'ch this isla^iK ^ ^^^foundland ^^^^r^^^ miJes from C«n or else left diVbv 2 "^ ^"^"^ *^« «ea by som. ^''^^ ''^^^d is a bed WemrjgamffuRf^"^ ^«^essio^ o^X"^^?^'"" of nature t«ied, and there ifT'^^P*^** ^or aCTicnIf„r„i yO^ wenty-two acres of Iand;orS;'rbSr^'^-ofS ;ie climate is neither ^ i^ • ^ "^^^^ to the £r ^^'y^^ SggiHs fr^lr^er nor «o hot in «„».^. T" very ne^lv fk ^ °^ ^ova Sc^aTS.^*'^'**"* seaaonL ??«'• the JeS^ *" «^e as that of Ca^^ S^P^ BretoTl^ ^«" / . ^ uttme ot St. joim^ ^^ .•Ml -f i* ' ' (06 H. Doc. 186. i-**i«. „«f;oA nf this discovery, although mad? under t lett own flag; but the """ ■" account of its fislierics. ^*:oS^//^e'J^^^^^^^^ , v-as leasc*.by °"*°"'y °Vfe J;'S ion Ab the Fm,ch did « I Jelte, and hU Msociates, as a fishing Stot.^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ r^SCr^lUrpl^eTs'SSe^rits colonisation, unffl* bath's rs^STtSifor'^t or.io„Ubourg. upoS which, juch money was eipendcd. .tipulated in iho midal At the taking of Loo'sbourg, in 1788 tt was . p X of BriUrrro^F » *- contained ten thousand J ro„cl„.k*l K'L .he trea^ of P™.> "J^|^„»!y,t'tgfa°Srd^^^^^^^ k:^::^ H5^;f^stSnr.L^vi„ied «.« ^ ;!to the English. „,„„iAtprl in 1766, when it was diviA A survey of thU island was^nf^d"!™^^ ^ into sixty-seven '<>»^'!'P»; "^JX ™Sn of two, then ocapirfl whole of A'* »'!'"'''P»i?'Z!5onn London, in one day,tj« ^^'trrsl^.Si.?K?b,Sed"a,^on^o%^^ t^S^ ^Ti S preceding war, and other per»n.*l •^tm'Sp^^^EdwSd Wand was separated ftom Nov. SojH In 177U j-nnce '='"^'**V . , lieutenant governor, an exccuW erected into a separate cpteny, ^"^^^i^"^^ of assembly '«fe'tSriv1^S»£cipl.s of resp-, 1 ^uerf The two «>4»bips that -- "S^'toelra The price at which small tats aresoM « ^u toee^cB w^ The proprietors rarely sell any of •"« ™''f ' ""^ „,„dl, M ■^M Miced g to tbeit^ ten a ntg t ri e pnsuego "^ - ^ '^^ ^^Sw'tfe li lMd!ti twenty years' purchase; but a majontytrftbcl. 4o not grant this pnvile^. ^^^ ^^^^er of i By l£e census return of 1848, it appetu-s vn* ^ .held^in fee-simple by occupants was fO^^^^^ juices; by written demise, 31,313 acres, oy vwuw »6 H. Doc. jise. acres; 'and by squatters 6fl aq.i * ^^ ^MSl bushels, „„,, ,4„,1'°?"; *'"'«- 219,787 bii«lw.. i, . j»p..i53.933Vstisrcreia*',^^^^^^ «m. Thoquo„,«yofp„,a,ocsi„ Jsi,*' P°"."*! "■"' l,„y, 46 128 mmmMm I « ■*' ■'!^ f- CoantiiM. 1850. ilQqgdoffl 'sutef .*;.■;; Total ' Iu«port8. #192,030 300,280 1.140 82,580 Export.. Import.. I Export.. #82,890 174,940 8,535 32,410 ♦879,898 308,409 565 41,603 5^6.040 892.775 ,"^.-^ 181,343 4,165 "">385 U'lllIl.^'te^f'^rvte^Sr^'--^^^ and ^^^^^^ fe T^ °f »^ vS°M^'i' "P'T' *" - the year ' '«' ■« U»ni,f "•«""'' « Prince KdiiS U.ni in ,8W 608 No. 1.- H ~Ve$$eh . Doc. 186. , entered and cleared in 1860. - Inward. Outiraid. Countriet. No. Tom. / ^0. Tor f- 18 . 498 4,533 17,691 64 518 49 , 7 \%6 23,ei 4,M OreatBntain Britiih colonitia • 34 'Aa'" 7 235 Uoitea oMiw» ^ TlAVAlffn f^bjltAft ..>•••- •----:* •---■' TotaJ 557 95,017 6:18 40,S Number of seamen inward, 2,082 ; number oumard. 2,301. No. 2.— FewcZ* entered and cleared in 1861. Coontriet. Great Britain... BritiBh colonies. United States . . Foreign States. . Total. Inward. ■ Onhrud. No. Tom. No. Tw Mi 18 470 43 2 4,140 18,043 S,724 87 45' 488 86 2 533 24,993 621 «, , Number of seamen inw^d, 2.370 ; number outward, 3,631. ] The value of the exports of this Islaiid colony in 1861 wa^«| To Great Britain -- •. ■ " British North American colonies H Total... ;-;7. ....... i M ■ ' ' .1 « >. HB. ■"- ■ ^ ;" • / j/',j/i''f1 ^Aj.>fiMm ). Ton 45' H 88 ^ m ii 2 f 81 41, H. Doc. 180. J_^ I TkfiUmcine it a ttatemau «/• ,t. *Wph I maU dnu:k, the growth Lh^ y«««'«'y, rate, and amou^ „/ j Artielea. Kate of dnty. pples and onions itionery . . and shoes/ . . Ireadstufls rniug fluid lafldles and soap. 'm and cornmeaj.j 844 hhh.'Sc^ ooku " " f " - ■ -do. . . . goods I T'is ».^ I ' ""%'s. ... ,1 5 per cent . . . • - - . .do iOpr cent."' 5 ptr cent . . . do -do....;; ugs and icioeSk. or d<^are her.. medi^ J aiid spikes, nges and lemons. 59'-.... do.. 053 barrels 80 packages. do... 51 25 pr. bbi.' "^''tar \^51han, 15,112 pounds o P^"" '^^"^ • • - 42.423 galJons.". f ;;ts. per lb. . . 182 packages \ l""^' P«^ «aU. 89..:. .do [5 per cent. els. 11 packages'.".'.";.'." ' 1 ? P'^'' '^^"^ • - • • 7,800 gaUons 5 per lishandturp en- 202 bags 2?* cts.pr.gall. >ags 282.... 349 cwt. . 42,103 pouncb .".■*"" 11.487.. do....;:;; ...-25 packages....... (5 ^"^we 62.: TOS Total. .do. per cent I0...do «...do .^^S^i:^^:^^^ -bovedut3.of luoaa H laland in British ."sse£ wiSh^ ""' '™P«rte/il Jw ^l^^J^Je^eept^on oT .e^haS Sib difference betwelnfhf ''.'"""^"""g "o «6.42»- ^^ 'w^egraadyrediecir/rom^*^" '^' in 18S1 the iSt. free, S pei *1 Stfpercwt. 8 cts. per lb 6 do m ft* a. ^ ||l|t r I i; V ^'*;-' ^,klii\H» ■:t:^/ "rk «10 H. Doc. 136. dudes in 1860, only $6,420 was received on articles of American pre Son; whUe in 1860, with diminished rates, the duties on American moduct on were increased to $14,020 in the aggregate. ^TTrl inference, from this state of focts t^t Prince Edward Island would take a much larger amount of American goods it the dSwere still farther reduced, or if no duties whatsoever were levied """T'^'SrS^ned in 1851 to the United States, of the growth,. nroduce of the Island, were fis follows: ^bX, 17,929 bushels; boards and plank, 12^00 fee ; iron OOcxvt, ^S, 9lead ; firewood. 20 cords ; dry fish, 050 quintals ; picUed fc , tTse barrels hard woommerce Tons. 63 115 74 V 73 72 64 115 72 70 86 78 Where from. Gloucester . . . Newburyport . United States do < do do do. — . ..."...do-..-. .....do .. ...do .....do Cargo. Flour and meul do Gin, molil88e»,i aud4lour. Flour.tea, &c. do do do...,. ...-.^.do .'do do Dry good* . . , •#« Wliunoe cleared. Cargo. Oati., OatH mdl potatodl ....do....! ...do.... Gloucester . . . Newburyport . United ^atcs ..do.. ..do.. ...do., ...do.. ., .do.. ...do.. ...do.. .do... .do... .do... U.^ "♦ M H. Doc. 136. I fJ'e f«"«wing abstract «fves . v. \ ^^^ I -^«- of this co4 Z J -7 -t.sfecto,^ view of the trade I ' ' I tl) iPMel«, 15,721 tons at f t /■ , , IfiTle,, 30.581 buHl.4' -^^ ^"'''*"«' '-'"^'•onO') Poc. 136. As maikin« the progress and extent of the trade between the United Kingdom and the North American colonies, tlie following return is pre- sentid, showing the ships and tonnage inward and outward in Great Britain and Ireland, to and from those colonies, di^guishing Bm,sk from foreign, from 1840 to 4850, both years inclusive: ^ ,v. Ycare. IN W Alt]). 1840 . 1841 . 1843 . 1843 . 1844 . 1845 . 1846 1847 1848 British. Foreign. Ship*. Tom. Ships. 184a,-«T. 1850 2,416 808,222 2,461 841,348 1,555 541,451 2,215 771,905 2,284 789,410 3,018 1,090,224 2,887 1,076,162 2,459 953,466 2,279 886,096 This re^tnni wentin 2, 036 J 798,080 Tons. OUTWARD. British. Forrigt. Ships. Tons, i Ships. .274 170 6^,580 2,099 1,937 1,333 1,996 t,060 ,510 2,666 2,174 1,766 1,337 694,094 652,725 446,842 710,608 r22i299 917,423 978,590 ^9,809 668,087 Tow, 2,2131 39tl 29 480,279 M m 43 Vo,$ The official value of the import '^"^.^'^P^'^L^t.^i'sTs^'s" id Britain and the North American colonies, lor the jeais 1818, 1815^ 1820, 1832, 1838, 1843, and 1S4S, is thus stated: | .'0', ■* ji |o(0 Imports. ^ Exports. $6,610,215 8,976,320 •7 7i0fl05 t6064iJ25lll,779,260|12,114,765,$l«^l,415 lJ:SS 8:S8i:580 9',544:785 11,696,035 11,287^ (11.379^1 11,21 The amount of tonnage inward and outward between Great M and th?^Lies, in 1800. 1805, and 1815, was as foUows: Colonies. Canada . Nora Scotia . New BrunnHck.... ■• Prince Edward Island Newfoundland een the United I return is pre- :ward in, Great, uishing British WARD. Fon-ign. 1 Shipa. Tom. 04 7 2,21! •^5 • 1 M 142 )()8 1 m m 2 m m 1 414 i90 7 3,41(1 S09 !K) C,3S [)87 279 "43 "m ! between Grea eai-s 1818, 181 j 1843. 110^1 ,415 $11,279JJ 11,287^ 11,240,11 m.\ een Great Brita lows : 1815. Invard. Oun B) 31,405 14 21,087 =^^" 5,W 14,1^1 total ^ a Doc. 136. )|y^ The fbUowing stateniept, cptm>l^ frnrn off- • i ^ tonnage mward in Great BhSK T T*^i?^ ^^^"'^s? exhibits the clones 88 also tHe ;tota^'wt^„^^^^^ I -■- . I i 1850. Odtward. ToHg.l Tons: 7> 045 1,37.% 724 ^ «» 1 , 480, 8071. 7, 04511 17'1 roj S««>«nd- 268,W.. ■*y'g>724 Iretaid.... 210 i'i« '«o,482 SLeii,bnd« :: ^^a'S 149,095 • ' ^'"°^' I 7,138 Tons. 12,370 230 n Totis. 1,258,478 17^,574 90,012 3,498 1.385, 46892,431 ^It will be borne in mind thatn tK Tu ' • We' in the navigation laws of fILi. i ''^ January, i860, the the foregoing table. fh.re/bre,4ows^^^^^^^^^^^^^ was engaged during that veai* in il,l S % *« which foreign tonnace tie North Americafcolonfes ''""^^ ^'''^^^" Great Britain^, Britain 'aS'^ef ShTScan coloL^^ *''^^^. ^^^««"^ Great Jltements. which commence Sh t 'ear S"''? V^^-^-^oyring Jreimported. into Great Britain, from^the S A^ '^^'^"^ ^«^ [ the foUowing quantities of timber: ."''' ^^"^ 4^erica^oloiue«i. 843 \do "^ak timber. 1 850 masts. .» 7^t'^^"'''^ds) or deals. ' 7,214 hundreds staves, mf- Inl819thetimbertrade withNortK Arv, • ', ,-lfe ' « wJI be pe,^ i,ed by the Stving stale^^'n?^ f^^ ^*=^«^^ ereal Bntaui from the colonies in Sfat yerf"^ "^ timW imported into. 266,297 loads fir timber. 9,482 loads oak timber. 14,170 masts. 9'S68 (standard hundreds) deals. '" " " 4W,998 hunt h' ed^^tgveg;^ u°« ^ » • • • e . i.'Jim?!:' .1 ■H. Doc. wBy-irjM^.^^^ TbtM impm-ted into the United Ki^jM^^ho%^ m*^ "kmrn^ mm : v-«^ ..-4 — imber, rapvfeet.. ^mber, cubtS |fe<>t. feet. ...---- 311,035,800 k ^331,1 31,956,700 8,'f«,2(W "— '-|^';^|! ^-r- --^J 24,944,55dl7,148,iJ50 ■• V^^'V^O %ih :j9,Sr4,500 14,101,400 « — 23,386,500 18,365,raO 31 ,150,000, 13,60C,10I) Total ttmbej^npofied. \ ^ed lumber, «up. feet.. Square timber* cubic feet,. Tbnber, sawed or split, cubic ftet i... - Timber, iflot nawed or split, cubic feet . .....' Staves, cubic feet . . , '313,442,250 •32,336,100ld,557,500 Offioiai-yaluoi •212,8501 '24,691,300|l9,eS6,350i»21,833,950 *;»,315,750!l4,765,G50i»31,015,4nfl ^•4»417,:{50! j *4,129,400l $0,281,075 $7,936,020 $6,326,»I0 rat N0T-.-Quaiititie8 marked .thus • may be considered a. wholly from tlH, British S«j '^uZ^t^Tij^yeMen^recoravaeiiFo^tl^e^^^^^ ^^ Navigation Acco« and the Yearly Treasury Finance Retunw. -^M ..^ To those acquaintqa -with tl?.e sly explain themsdvcs ; ^"* ' J the state of thei Non s, the ioUowing statem( if ^rade/is submitted: Coloninl timber and deals «^4t) cubic feet^- I n 184 9^ til Irade, these returns will ve '' t>'n- le duties. ^ ""'^*'' ^^^^ i»e ever did bXo^I ^ 'J"'^^ "°^ ' Besides timber thero . i. ' x "'^ '"^'^"^'tion of;, |Efl$land possesses no nurserv far « • pencan colonial trade rI-^ seamen at alT eouil to i xt , r„i "fPPsner battles finorML "P"old the honor of th^.V - p i r >'-.l < # ■r \} it\ \ \ TRADE OF TJI WITH Tl The direct t the Union and jearsi becorine more tWn ordi Prob^lytht I tlie rapid Increj I great agenKaiK IcontributionsX^i jSiates, is moA pill greater and I The great ad( Ibj the British c( liiiifand influent fionof the leadii ^ The great mai f advantages ^ce with aJl m ieii*j3iiward pro^ ™V command I The|extent of < J is most ] I Comrrtpncing a lies, tb^e is mi u„ . ^d the JnovaScbtia, w fCape Brobn, ar I that large\ arm W;" next, the ej F> the Bay Vf ( ward island, (lor coaa •"' 3,500 L^, "Ktmce and ■ „^ P" this greaiext( Ment harbors, m ^miles " Pehandsomiean Ned, wa,-. prep ^»"gi»al surveys H- Poc. 130. 6I» PART XL TRADE OF tm PEINriP4 r a tt « v™, ' The direct trade bv se-i U^ , "^^^ ^li>hK, ^ fc "paYoreLr^d eo„l™'''° ,™!' '""'■•«ing feature of ,1. • U »d influential™ wr f ,r"!% Cousidered rnoH? ft! •""'""' T ^"'6 «t tne river SV n • i ^v »M,tli«re is much coast andL, «''''° ''""ndary of the rr„iJi' feg^ tSSi^li^igg St^ and h.rfet.j^X 0'R™P'''?!t% 'tis sir?°'Sa<^HJ'™''"'o ^"^jFm^^ neipHed , i 1 f ^arr ,a H. Doc. 136.

vith. soma ^^o^e ^^ ^J much^ J ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ from the provinces, i nese iw ^^.^^ .^ recommended as or.c oj tlic and the resuU i^MjgfiijJ. ^^^^^ peculiar configiinrtwa^of the Gulf Vst yet pre?^'PS''*^T^T?TcoloBes which arcj washed by its wuterV with their infanity oi- nvtia |- ^^^^ g^j^^ coves, inlets, <^«^"«"?.^-f "'^'l>^d elsowh^^^ the same extorvKtn„«.| There cannpt, perhaps, ^1^^/^""^^^^^^ all tlu) n.iui.itei products must not only exist, but vyiUotn^j.^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^ Lial.if notabsoMj^.esscnt^l t^^^^^^ to .mv>lic wise and truthful spirit of comm«ctw^ .^ ^^ | j whether British, American, or coloma^^^ bdNVcenf ^ interwoven. . r ,r„ll-,ml nnd Prince Edward I^landJ • ^"^ i^iit'^S:: Bursts «•""■;. -* ™ii«' i „f the value of their ma^ml .■"'f ";« ' ^ ^ tlie Untel Si*. &r Apf^ literal c"rameffi.d P^'^'J^Xt" 'Jtr.ufc "f Iho ««r> colonies is cluetly (oniinoii lu ^ ^-^j Ugcom iiK >'»>"; gonenil ^e„mn«rdaU„.e-ur^^^^^^ SP^e towns fim f^!P^"?J|. . • .u„ benefits. ^d iniiladelph&so.pg*^ ,,i«,,„e.. dj tainmg g^^^^Msl^th refbrence to4tain natural products ofS P^S"s^oT^^^^^^ duty of the gove.mncnts «t th j : spective^Witri#, . :i^„,,.:ol f a large J principle, -^^^'f^^^^yjS^f^ the means of affordiu^r It bcieWj mercial marine is to be Jaia in '^"^^ * j^i „ut, ii short, extal ployment. Without such f™P^^y"^^"\JS bommeree, and great «»P^tal ^su^^^'^m '^ 'ct nrigation laws Q no laws merely protective ^'^^ ^;^ ' J^'ircomnim-y smi Hlw a yfi tn-eated a roar ing. ,. PoglE^lg^l^ n,,^^ mW de^nd on the habits, V^''^'''r}^TC^^yC^^f chSacter, rather than on any ^^°f,«^f^^^J^^^^^^ The tonnage ir lAmerican colonic loo the average of British vessels. In 1816, the toi British, 18,378. the average of m; American, C In the year 1S3 kritish, 2(>;765. ton The tonnage ini 11,367 tons; Amei I The decrease of 1 restrictions, efi p falh'ng off in i 1,251 tons, or rnoi I The absurd and W navigation bet |»iv?d; and in 184 ] follows: British jS,749tons. Ihitheshbrt perioc I tonnage betwreen Wthirteeti-fold ! •, pUorijto up thij ktesinlBO was: .l,^7,06(^tons. pie astonishing ii |b followed in the t wising increase, a fcmences the year p first table here Ivalwofthe vario y-'three Atlantic Bwick, Nova Sc( jUie year 1851. ^ ' • ■ ^' ■ \ mj . i, < ■ - ■ ■ V ' .,., >-•■.,, --p.. H. Doc. 186. eii I The tonnage inward from th tt • v** lim«al. colonies during ih^''yo»r^fJi^''i'S' "'^.'^ British North p;.3r^'^°-^---M^i'Srnt^;''ar^-j Tl,e.«rage of .he years iS^^^Z^"^"^' ^*M> n ' ' Itonnage between the United Smerand?f'"^''i^"^' ^'•^'^^°'" of trade, fth'r^fa-fold ! • ^'''''^' ^"'^ the colonies increased more- ^(^wi^^BSS^^rS^i"-^ ^- ^h« United ^* = J.I^7,06G;tons. '^'^ ^''"'' American, 994,808 tons: J teiS^?g3r^;':,£ti3-u. preceded-1840." hmg Increase, amounting to ZTthZotji^ ^^''"^ ^y ^""ther knees the year 1851. ^ "^'^'^^ thaii 250 pbr cent. / ^now Mree Atlantic ports of theTJnrf i'*" P'^'^<^'^<'^^^P^W^ W, Nova Scoda? NlfouSnd ®'Trf" '^' <=oloK^ew « ihe year 1851. ''^^^«""dland, and Prince Edward Island, fk s. -IJI H. l>oc. 186. 4m • • I • . ■ • • •_ .. — ■ — --r *— - , —' — — ' - — : — r~7~~> — rxr~ \o no to k B fi '• '•'C r n [ Here is an export tri lintic seaports to th< jiiiKiie than two and I of the exports fr ^seenby the table w ,«Dd value of the ^ (the same twent}'-tl ^- I>oc. 186. fg^ H«e is an export trade of do Wbo ihntic seaports to the lower cSv« S'?^"^^!^^'" some only of our ,.jm than two and a half ^ZZ oilht^ ^T y««^' '"nountT ok of the exports from the portVScV.^^^^^ iTet this is not thf seen by the table which folfews exS? V^°^^ '^^\omm, as wS 'f value of the various aSes tf r^- "^^ ^^«<^ription;quar^ .the same twentj^-three portsTthetS Kr^o^^^^^^^ 4orted "uj lower coJonies m 185X. ri,. f ■ I I ,b m^f; # **■. •1--? m .*fc t' '* '. w #1 ■:i^ 624 H; Doc» 136. t) s o s m^j. •pa^wanmo^"!! •e9Jm •dmaq-V338pio5 •sspiH paup ptw apw!^ •rf>uids •gasOTioK .reStig IS I'll j i i i ; ; -S! i^^S : J • : • • g- : r : i i i j : : jig" ,i4 i : = ; • • •*'*»*• • * * * ' , * ', — ""■". '•~^~^TrT^if^- "oast ': i i i i i *^ '. '.',','•'•'• ''W^ : 1 ^ 1 t I 2 : ■ • • • i i ; i i : : : i i ; V: ; 13 : to • ^rrrr . •»* « 2* .rtODO • O t- 00 ■ ij' lA. ■ :§' ^^t^-:-f V : CI S8 ; 1 e> '. to ""I ® ' ^rt- . -l* i ;'..•;;;: f^ :ed*» I ; ; f ;T ?g ; : i if^ i" '3'9 ,4*5 • eo ^ v< Bj • OBiOi •S5 •3»B00 1 ^ S •• : -"■l^Jo- :,: L :iJ-i- • : iS5 :il ■«ax ■:)«aqA pm jnoLl » •.: : i i ii :*:. :®»^ i i iiii ; *5 .j ■ • • • • . • 3 • • • • • • , f" ; ~rrV : f : I : :. i : : i i : :' : i' i • ; :'i . I • • igh ; ; , , : 1 ! ! I .'•-•■ 5 • • • ; ; ', \ I •< »• i » ■,' ; i • • •■'1 i" v i=»» :•••••;; .,. ^• ■; ;•§ : 'L^aS ". •■ *•*: '• •l.i • ;: : :•; hhiimmluHmil mimwMBm ««« ft j 5 f - Q, j ■ a « - m A ■• y ? « *d. I .: » ■T 3 , ! * ■/■'u -i "- r; ,' ^^.. ; i ■: a-H :;:iO , "'^ 8 •'CO :v w, 1 ac u r 1 - cj„ 3P jr 5- y^ (- ■>-2 i-: •* ■ c b" ~ "C g ^■? ji.,5 'c'';.. ' ■'2 ( = ■3 ' ; ' n 1!= U .- 1 fi X :!' ^1 la ; ; 4 41 00 • r-* • I-l • « • *'•■ J 334 i> .. • yj ^ OS h. 00 «26 H. Doc. 186. , . . „ ^,^r.,lpn«jpfl fot-m, and place the value of this To exhibU in a "^"^J^?^"'^^^^^^^ and appreciated, colonial trade m a P^^f^^^^^^^^^^^^ duced from tlie preceding statements.. PAI ^" * » •■^■M ^-i»6trict8. Doiuestic. ExportB. Foreign. Total eiports.] Imports. Totul ex|wn» ! audimportt. 1 :• PaagwnsqutKldy Portland and Kalmouth. - j PenobBCOt - ( Machias | • Portsmouth , Newiwrt, -■■ ;■ proridenco ■ - ' Fall River • Fairfield Middletown New London Marbleliead ] Salem and K8 I 494 12,251 \ 1,4:52 t 15, 886 i . 10,221 I 4,020 ' 128 i 2. 122 6,774 1 32,703 ! 11,259 j 949,241 271,681 ! 50,083 25,962 j 57, 'W m m Hi. 4113. 1 1.4K lii,*» 4.(14) I iial S.~4l 4-3 ll,%t| 'i,122.«!)l 1,!K)7,««I nt',56l| llli Total ; 2,634,506 11 .1,, .,vc n tra^„5Xm^ine ports of tK H ward aoa,°u.w"d, dunng 185 , » '"^ h^m .^ g^^^ British shipping, is also submitted : I tf" ^-w«^i^-,l*i i e the value of this i and appreciated, ital value of donies- nports, in 1861, dc- Imports. Tiitiil e.xpijrtt ! aud Imports. 1 1107,402 1 »5fi:,.9t>i 22,668 1 57, iW 4!B 494 4<« 12,251 lti.4ii2. l,4:f2 i.4;b 15,H86 i Ki.'Sl . ' 10,221 i lO.ffl 4,020 4,i(l» 128 ! IM . 2, 122 •i.ia 6,774 1 6, "4 32,7(W \ 47, M n,25S) 1 ll,3» 949,241 %l'tim 271,681 l,9r)7,9» 50, oh;? I'i'.oal 25, 962 1 I!t8,49l i llli 1 13,1111 2,05;? 1 ■i,08 610 ! 6) 1 1'2,« I 1,526,990 5,«,(1 nlinost without attraci rung up, and been ( nd a quarter of dolffl le colonial trade in e g table of shipping," [line ports of the I'H ick, Nova Scotia,] juishing American fn '*. P',-!«l P;. -j to H; Doc. 136. This table shows that, <¥^ ^Z^^^^^jX^ '^ ping entered ---^, .ftn^ ^/^^^^^^^ outward from Jhose only, and that ^88.658 tons_ o^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ an aggregate of ports for the ^^^^^ ^^^^f^!' ' ed i^^^^ colonial trade >v4th niuo i«rts 930,030 tons ol shipping engagea m tuc of the Union alone jn that year., „^ount of tonnage inwardami In order to show the ^^If^t^^'^^'^^tS bt the Ur^ted State, and outward to and from the. P™^ ISng c"™^ statfen.cnt hns ports named, in 1861 : /; • ' \ Ports. ^.i. New York- Inwanl. Outwai;d. Q"«bec - ----;; - 504,601 Boston New Orleans^ St. John,N. B '-- Halifax, N. S -, Philadelphia ■-- Baltimore -- -• St. John, Newfoundland . 1,448,768 633,821 328,"932 282,460 176;802 159,636 113,027 103,016 l,230,0vi ' 6S6,09i 50:],lOl . 421,561) ■•324,s->r 17S,0?9' 140,174 105,7^1) 91,191 The forogoifig comparative st^ltement will, no doul5t, excite son. .urnrLas^rthl relat ye amount of shipping mKlriavi^^^^^^^^ surprise as. Jo w j a ^erica. It proves, beyond a doubt, and v itli- 2^SS?S -"^^-^ Wi-d in this rep^Uhat ,^ British North Americim colonies have industriously miproved clie.^xt.j. Wk> '. ':. ■*,,* V *- ^'•■' .;-.•:. :^.. 4j" v?« •s ' • I ■ ■ / -V'^- — \— Outwacd. ■ 8 l,2:30,()vi •1 , ■' 5S6,09* )1 50:],10l 12 , . 421,5CI1 )0 ■*3:M,S21 )2 178,079 36 140,174 27 105,7S!) 16 ■ 91,191 H. Doc. I^g. 629 .\ **. ""d LahradS' ,„lr' *,'' "'^"''s In IvZ'^'' '=?" « « any •son as tliessir,r „' " i « "" '''e same «■•' 4"*^ • • u'^u 1p^ to the embargo of 1808, and the war with f rmSs The mag^toS „f ourtlherWfr™. 1790 to 1307*. EnglanAm 1812. ine iiuifeuii. -„„i:™pa bv those only who have greitek periods of prosperity, cj be re^^^^^^ J ^^^^^ Sudied fhis branch same convenuon it -f l"---^ *" ,h™; or .heir inhabimiM take, dry, or cure nsn, o» »r,-w »f ^nv of the British dominions ( coasts, Bays, creeks, t,r ^jr^'Xi narfof he souVrn c America not i"- "^ed wUhm t^uU P^^^^^^ i,l„nds; ontj foundland «f -J^;;f J^^^^.f JnI^^^^^^ from Cape Ray tort western and ^rtherP .^'''''^^^^^^^ Quiepen islands -on the shore oi the Mc g ^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^LrSr'Tailir^^^^^ stntitsof Bellislo, and thence n.*^ along the coast." _ ijhprtv to drv and cure fish in a m-^l d«;'de< trm S 7' ^^"'^^''^^ ^'«h KTomcdepoSoiv'.^' the- Atlaniie port.; ^h'^. '^'"^ '^ other koreign cUntrl "^^ •^"'"'^'^ ^^' 4 -.IpSdli^I/T^ '^-^^ Prior to the enaetmrnt^ V . '''^' ^""^ <^4ortaticm tie warehousina act ofl. ' ' '''"^ '''"■'«" ^'^w of Doee,?;j . «;*or.ip dr^e^K/ pie S^fT^ '"V'---'-Sk^. '^•^":; |oii;^ind so far ■ « ,• ,/ V "■"' '''»'' ''fhf^r s-iltr.,1 ,. • ^^'^'^a^owed pes, the XSt^'S^r i'r ^''-''^^'-^k '^ t^E?"!; "^ ««''- jpresutned i be ill^^. ^''^^;';,-^'-'! "^ the a^ "rl^S^^"" C' Ilieoiwations of the wnr> J '^ Provisiofis are entir^!^ 1h ^?^^' If ««y^W.e,. !^""*'' "'"I «--xi>(.rted theiiec wZf. '" '^'^ iBy the statement m«.ked \6 , , '^- 2^-3^'«.«. F into this port, from i*iV. ' ■''PP^'n'^ed Jiereto „f ,),,, • 'W" *■= "-"""hy a.d value ofd^ fi,t ^.^^ ' ;t^ -■ . I- i ? < ■% .•^ 632 H. DOC.H36. Vm .Ml KlfH r * J hnd warehoused for the fiscal y.ats 1847 to 1851, inclusive, and ,1, disposVoa made of the same. v.vua cii, Rtatehient No. 4' shows the same for pickled h^h. Rvtirfirsi will be seen that twenty-seve^ thirty-fourth pnrts ot tWhole import^ on were exported; and bytie second, that hitypcr ^nt Shr^fnporta were shipped out of the country to the exclu.on of American S. These facts are so very stnknig, that common, , deemed unnece^ry. ^.^^-hibit the quantity and value o^, end, tifi'STsWt^^ ^^ f,o.^l843 to 18.0^.,. S^e *^d loX elvorts'for the same yea,;.s ot both iore.an.c„ud,t l nnr?'AmerSn fisheries. In the table No. 6, the yicrease ot in,p„rt. wi?i tZ enSy^Ppe^ ; and I have to call your particular attc.t,on ,o rableto.6!Tn w£?h wk be seen tha^ in 1843 no Joragn dry h.h wJ tame i-^o-u, T^nitod States, and only om^ humlrwl exported \""ip l^^UcVtish; a^even cbwn to 1846, the s,„H '^^ ^' -of .rourntakS wm e'xpT^^^ The following yonr, b« J ■'^S^ ^f^^t^o^ <^^f^ A-'^^'^ thc^sand.h.r.l.„, '3e^afish4rc».^xported,andth exports have gone on u. picKtea "r'^*, .;;-L,_ .... th(> nrb'sent ; the quantity ot pickled fish tori creating tromthitt time to in. p^csexiL, i J ^^ , 1850 beinc over ^/?T/-«i«e thonmnd barrels. , l.ible J\o. ^,Am^> V qhtptilafid value it- America«-caught; fish exl^orted^ to all c.un.j "^iS^^J^ No. 8, whieh shows the whobMpantity 0,^ kledfsh^SWcted at t^e various fishing towns in Massaclm ef J ,^S'to i8f i^iusiv^ '^:,:^Tc::^^^^:5z:^X fisheries. i„.r,.tn «fitemeht No. 9, of, the tonnage of vtwi ^ ited'T'hl fisherL 1 " TInited States for the year, 1S43, Stdusiy^S^^gtUc U.u.ge employed in the; cod bhe, malelSSertrahd o^^^^^ «nder twehty tons burden mlhoco £w andalsSccrister toW in the whde fishery, to^e her mJ ' Se a^^^alft^ of the whole country lot each peruxl, by wh, the aggregate lonna^ /- ^^^ relative tonnage in.ead or employment Svithin.tlie true injent andlneaning J^^the 32djJ ^ r .1 \ ,.: ..f i -ypq tV,n intlioritv t o ii^snc licen ses K>r the macKem iu Srto.h?boiuV« t^ v-e»eUm the c^-*,,, M inclusive, and the f- Doc. 136. 633 ducting the time emploved h ^n i . \ ^^^ has been, Lt withrthe A.i'^" ^"^ ^'"P'oyed TThe 1 '^ ^"^ anil the collectors ffenoriHvtl. ''''•",* '"'''fe^^'-'' to .holnofoS. ? '^ """^ aifpear from the legal history o^ the fi^ ^ '''^- ^A^ould thereZ from the construebons and ScSr^r\"''^^^^'>"4«Jlowancrind cers whose dlitv it f« tn ..^ "'^^ynriing of them hv Ih^ "^^^es, and .evi.io8. The fe^^/lAt on??'" rl'-^,"'"' ^^at the wSetv^r"''"" "^- ages, instead orJlTZ^' ! '^"'^"'^ '^^ Proceed.tffc f't''"^""-^^ ,evaded by a hX^nu^hT?^ '''':^'' ^^ ^.e ere v tXl f""^ ''""y- ermennow derive mnnh -r 1" 'tisquite doubtfiil if *r '"^"^e ^'gi- Uout of tli tn-nsurv r i"T-'"^^«t 'i-"'n ^ „. ,.^ iiuusury ]or fishin portance to cherish this branch of ;A,I , " ' " ^ ^ ^fe'^--" « fi kta„yth,ng should be acLptXSf '^', '^'^ ^^'""J'' ""tt amsostron^y impressed^irK "-'^ '"^^"^ '^^ proLritv buf Jed inthe business Vould be beLttl n"^ "'''&" ^hat thV.e Wsfimpf " -bounty claims, that I d5 not Sk* ^ " '^'^''^ ^'^^''"^^^h C vS ie epartment. . ''«^«'«»e to urge its consi^Feri^n upoL^ ^-itedj,r:!:is!2^7^s';:>'™r^ / »tmued enforce, with the, nodiTrcatS^^'^^^^ / fete, ac, restored the dZ tZZZf^"" '"M^JS^ I tiavP th,, : ^^ ""^^ '"-ide. '*"'/« J 9,. accordmff . |J nave thus summany traced fh« j • . - --^ I . " ^ . hubject. in order to shcfw the sh J"''?'"^' 7ne#ation in regard m " as preparatory to giving a co^d^!;.'^ P" Wic Iftention givS to if ' eminent as bounties undithe^?-'"'' "^'^'^ o^^he sums nil h' " 'appears thaMbr the ve4'nd;rr'^"''^«fCongres.s.^^ '^^ • g " was paid .: StLt Tsfe.'" ''^'^' ^^^^' ^'^'^ -- k ' • Kk employed ui tlie fisherie* m ft- ^»M:^ and' Slfo 000 f^ ^ ,-fit. i: 1 L,j,„„ ?.' lS>9>the sum. Said iino,*,l^ilJ*''*« opera- Doc. 136. Ji& W^^ ,»< It 18 lo 10U.1 a...- 'rr^. _/\.n,i all the imrticuhirs rcliiting lo iuro*i.| to day, -X^^S^e .tC^ot^^^^^^^ flcts collatcl are co.nnu.nK J ness, and at the close oi uit-^ ro^nective porta w K'nC(^ licenses wcrej " detail '"„*'i-t^\™ "^e^^^^^^^ F„Wu.rv J granted. Uncier mc ui^t . , rjreviouslv to the vensqi's ilBpanl ure, setting torth "^^^.f ^;7^^ . „,._ reirarded here as a neccssiiTj- ptef &c., and such a f ^^^.'^^^^^.^^^L^^^^ of the vessel, to' J requisite ^o the ^^^^ V'^^^^^^^^^ requVred. as directed by in J '■ sworn to by ^^e master, nas. i j j.^^. ^,„^|„<, g^i ,J XbfsSe^. e\tlc:ir'!:^plieclin the liquidation of alia. J the bounty during the Pf ^'^^J J"' • ^^^ ^^. ,,xaiuiri - . Years. I'd 3l8t December, 1820 Do. 1821.!!* Do. 00. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do: Do.. Do.. Do.. Do.. Do.. Do.. Do.. Do.. Do.. Do.. Do.. Do.. Do.. Do.. ..-. 1822.... 1823... 1824.... 1825.... .., :.1826 ". 1827 1828 1829 i--i83i..:. 1832.,.., ........ 1833. ... ,..1834....! ........1835 ....... .1836. . . 1837,....! ...1838 1839 1840... ....:...184i .1842 [mos. to June 30, 1843. Do..... 1844. rendingJune30,1845. Do.- 1846. Do 1847. Do... 1848., S" 1849.. Do. . . Do.. ..!"■' .1850. .1861. Allottranc;«tovM*olrf tUmmu-n «» pick- «1 {^7,834 03 170,0.52^ 149,81)7 83 170,706 08 208,924 08 198,724 97 215,859 01 200,185 55 ' 239,146 20 261,069 94 197,642 28 200,428 39 219,745 27 245,182 40 - 218,218 76 223,784 93 213,091 03 250,181 03 314,149 49 319,85j? 03 301,6a«) 34 355,140 01 235,613 07 109,932 33 249,074 25 289,840 07 274,942 98 276,439. 38 243,432 23 286,703 77 287,988 75 328,265 01 od. SI 1,168 71 11,107 80 11,158. 30 10,988 50 10,162 80 10,560 60 13,640 40 8,879 20 9,026 23- 9,007 60 9,073 10 13,406 20 14,392 00 13,284 43 10,802 21 9,536 80 6,731 80 7,360 42 5,474 30 4>743 60 4,953 90 4,760 40 5,629 30 3,316 05 0,663 60 4,174 20 5,540 60 . ♦ ' t i ( r r ■-■-■■■ 1 ^• i , » . * - «■ ■ > -. ■, ' '".. •■ .■ -f ■ i ,* ■, ^ ' 'eT •' :^^ - ( ' # \ .' > • .' •' —■■; "T- \ _ ._ ■•' ■)■ i 1 ' ■■ t ^^Hhki. II 't ■ -*■■ ■ 1 . m -x'V' " ''^ aatilfaj^^^^^'rife-tiif i: iii V '. ■ \' -L:':'il- ' ■;,-: . iiiLA i-i.ii!i■ ^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT.3) • 5 1.0 1.1 2.2 III 14.0 IL25 mu 2.0 1.6 p. J.*" \: \*^ ^^i: 4 ISdmces Corporatioii 23 WIST MAIN STRUT WiBSTER,N.Y. I4S80 (7l6)t72-4S03 ^^ a\ -^r\^ •t?f ^. <. \ I, ^, 'j^itJm^ / .>, ^ .-■jT / V IV* ^ » r' ^'.^SiJtftij''* •*^' ■S^'uS^i- 1 ^. ^ rf . .. .■ SI*, «,> \'" H. Doc. 136. /mpor<» of dried and pickled fish tWo the port of f^^d^^^ th,j ^ vears ending June 30, from 1821 to 1851. 686 . Year. 1821 . 1830 . 1840 1843 1844 1846 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1861 15ned fish. Quintab. Value. 6 . 37 675 169 125 684 430 13,822 20,774 723 7,013 3,424 $13 389 3,937 1,989 1,340 3,933 2,798 22,42# 48;262 2,861 16,244 8,463 47,782 111,643 Pickled fish. Barrel*. 87 361 7,846 9,667 26,047 21,322 17,598 41,466 72,419 34,697 66,886 92,312 Tslte. 379,587 m 170,d 194,9 m,% 199,1J| 322,71 189,61 301,9 473JI 2,126,11 P. GREELY, Jr., Coto. Collector's Office, Boston, December 17, 1861. ,«* % »^ % ^v.^ 54- * - • \ *• i^^i^afc . iKinng the J Pickled fish. V»l». 87 m 361 2,5! 845 76,1! 667 39,7) 047 170,oi 322 194,91 598 155,31 456 199,17 ,419 322,n ,697 189,5! ,886 301,« ,312 473,111 ,687 2,126,1 Y, Jr., ColM ^ V'^^J^V 9> I? 00 Q= 1 : ::;::§ • • • « S if.:: :p----?M s § : : •• ••»■£ : : -.^JS 5 5 :^2 r ^ e42 186 (O 3 :3 :9S 2 :g : ;2S ?: ."2 • • •» .'2"' ¥11 n « .' • * ■ • • HI ■'^^S'^'''--' i 1 V 5 :$ ri- ot ;(?:.; : ^i -' • i' is . • V • I .' Ij •CO • •!» ■ ; I • •* . . . • • « • ■ . o : : ;s, :«: "5 5» -J o -• 3 o in •^ Irt u^ d t-t ^ t^ t* :S2 • -• I 00 .» s »- 5^ 2« I* H. Doc. 130. a. § S!^ .^'^ «4t m ■^ f.i K] * • i ^^1 -.' 1' t-OOCDQQSOS) en — •B35SM5'* Si i « :;M Sl i lliiil c* LS Si il •7! ja 'Gbij eu eto S c -T « • •« S t I m |)! !•**] >* .k w^f»W'' H „^ .; m 644 n s H. Doc. 136. 3 a > Wm at ak «• V ©f erf ut uf uf <-7 f^ t^ Ol O w> CO 5J5f : Alt CO Oi 0> ■3 ■a Q 9 'Sr 2 '^ « 0> 01 M ■•tr ojen o» o o t; ■-; o o» u^ O »0 O OQ A ^* >«OOeOQQIM«0 •«lg| erS SCO a* 3 o r- tcoo 85 CO o>to*o t-s« oT eoof g-J t— OI o> O 00 " =S :: tl S?SS : :":2i -hCT 'TOO ^i— ctSj »-■-"•* CO »^"^ 3 a "3 Of c-ogj I I 4^ 8.S ©too w — a o e tj a ^ i:§ $!S s.s 6 a a. 0. iii^s t>.:r I! c ^f III nil. *= ■_ « _ :::J ■^ , ... . a 3 s.-S'C B.2"CC C cf •o tSS :Si : ;S8 : eicf I -«»i-iC9>- I m M • • I ' r 9 a * •■ Is .S8 • 'I 13 a-a • • ' 18.3 dS ■ ••■ '■^OO m !««•« • OOfM »0) CO R8g : :SSS5j 5}Sf : : s ■l:»:'';«:§5 Doc. laef. C3 w> 0> • • [fl^ * * • • • P Q «~ oo rt I- o •«r (ji ifl .(-irf; 8* 5,126 7,053 70 • - 76 S^" : i rtOf 5 to- rs 00 P5 o *•• S585 : :»:si etuT o iS'" t^UirH ■p<#| out ©or-oit-t- •«» $!S II ti.ir ^«Si ail 'S •] hi ItgE^ia 1.^ ^• ''\ t% =^^ 646 O o 52; ■ u u 3 00 H.'Doc. 136. 8 J t2. 1^ 5' '3 Of S » 5° i-i©f M m.io w t~ o o t-«B'* MOicooS* — oof ef^ciVuf ■3 3 •» ooof % -^ W Q CO GO of ^ mo— •-'to t*rt ffi oj o> So § % r-^uiM> — m?iao(N: ■ — w« ^^ »^ «^ ^r-^/ «^ (_j 07 ^^ w'j «^4 ' o»eoHooO"-Qcfaaot~o a 2^!ftS2^^So«'-^u5e'j(j>oo •—us mcopo >rti—o«ou5 \-^\ M ^ S NN gl s's.S 8 111^1" «Sf : : s- ->'- 'S3 r 182^ X "1 w • . « 232 ««00 • OD- i-iobo tno ^ooooc g"* : : : 5 ujpOU) • • 'Shu OOl • • • » o.s ^^^o "m* • • •! .2* • •< •^ • • • !■ ■ • i i : :*< ; : ; • "^ y: Is'- GO "ri 1111 13| iillill i|ii?lsMyteJji-i oqf ' *» • • • ' ^ • «4t :k'- - -Uy ^: ^2fi : rl ^^-"^f^fi§«^::sf:::i • J"! SS2 : : : "s" •no cooT «ooao« oc •ni>»| -of ^ . •at-el Si : ■ • ■ • • •.':.•"»-• "^ • ••■ • ••!- *• *• • • • • ' I V' , ' f4 ^^ CI CO r-i , •* , ** ' • %iipi?^i§ iis^^^TiT^ •^n .i^ « n ::>;••• •.::••• • • • — * * • • , : 1 ' • '• I ' ' '~~ — r ; n • . . r • • • ■ ; y: f-f. ■;..-• > : : ^: • • • • : • :^c • • ." ; ; '■ . w • I a "5 fi • 9 ; : I " .'oS : .•5HB ; 3 . : , . c ;S . o • • • g : .• Si OJ-HS « t-r» ^CO CO C3 ^ n r- in lO lO t~ o» o» ^ oi;:^ OPOJ . I-CO POO C!0 • Q «^ c« 55 S^ S"l :^ •TP •05 t^O* > fi'i •8. H V i s SJ (Nt- Wi-i W ^ ^^ 00 CO S — u^ ctn O) UO CO x o •* ooco -^eo r- — ooeoto t- to — f~ o I0i-<0 t~ to >-fcO'-< us • oS !»3; IS i-H 't-m lOCOMO :S •o>M • nsniow nonto CJiO «■* -"i-i ■ft o ^5SS"^f~*~'^''''^f- •I. —10 05 CO §5'' 2i •-5S : ;2, > 1^ ^ O «0 CO • c^ ^ ?0 00 00 o t^ to • -^ -M : : ' •oto • f • • CO *n :S : .§:S •ss :«: •> ;*<3f:?||: aS ? •■o S S • jMi- ' ! toS • • CO tD • •0000 : :S3 :s • •© ■., 00 •O'V * P5 •t- .r. 1-1 • t- >n • n .w • Co t» ^H - Mi -« :§§: ;o»(n . ~:~ nmcoco :l;s loeoio op -1 PS® «oo • U) • <-5 .^ . ,~ =>ifl'«»r- ^ .a 00 4 •V Oj — ?* •O CO • •1» • u •n *J • C^"* :g? . ■o ■ n to . « • ! • mi.~ * • - • .^ " • • . I : ;«," ; :» ;^ : • ; ; .: ; :» /^ : • : - : ':'-:: I ' : I. : : : • : / ^ : : • • : ; \ — n — ^'-J^: • • • : : • : r* :?rr5_■■■ 3-m ,... O tl-a « • JSoopS(3hhieh1| ::ll^^:lli::lii iiii nil iiih • ' ' : ' : : ; • •* : ; I c '"§Sgs=<» •■^aoa.»,^~n — -:-f-T"---^ • : : : • • : : n^- ° :*S'*o»'^ . ; ;-,!§ : ; ; .»«, ; ; . . ; : :^. — **• — ••! ".;.o* •*r"*«r:i_ - " • • • • • r ••.;••• M ^ • ••• '••. ••••••.i^ : : • • : • • : ••:•••.: /-^- ^.. '1. * 4b t-A ^0 t^ c •s a o O 'i H B u S3 •c Q H. Doc. 136. 9 at fr- s»oo> weor^c- to kO 00(0 3 5 c "B cS 00 t- 2g? 03 fc oo ■-10J 3 c '3 Of I—I a^ M ^ *^^V> 'NOO'MO too: 0>^ ^•00 »/5 OJ ^«« sf SCO 05 ^ otoo 0O»(Nt- oco OQO 00 (N COO) Sg2§ o t- •» l|.5l 8 S'-'t! e 8 W*OOTPOO« O t0(?(0— •< — 00 •T «o ■* O u^ t- ao oo ■<9" t- laoox>0 lO'vooeo cooo'Vh-e — ■ ~ eo r- t-oo ot-ooeo «- mm " — Ctt/KCHCO t^ Q ^ r* »o oaton co<3> u9 1 •«, I ao 00 00 n •uj .o» •-4 00 «o ■<• TC (N OO t> <«• m t- T-i e* r> n « O • • Jt-m !n.i^.. CO 00 00 I 81 ■» a>j^ otccoio-vooeK'Hcitnao (N ^ »— » f d -^ i-( f^ :S :8i} :; (Ncot-o»o««to-'qDe»flD* ooooooo^cou^toint^'^o ^ ^ I— i PH fH 1^ 1-^ 1-^ •^gb>nuSa2r-(Ooc9 :''« . I iS S S •Ok •» •U5 .©» • «J •». ■ho ■■» i : :5S isis : ; : '•' • co"-^ .' s i-ii ill ! r^: • " • • • • 1 • m •OQio • ■ ■ • -Oo • • . . ] : .Sw . . ..I i 01 00 ~^ "T • ■ ■ TT •lAU) • • • :5 • ^o • • ■ • fh • > * . • • • • ■ dco • • • • * rif • • • • • ■ • • • • • • • • : !: • • ■ • ' • • ■ * t • t • • ■ • ■ • • ■ • • • • • • • • • 4^ "■I M|I5| si 52? •ss ^ 1^ r o.. J^ia «'] wx 'fd o Ki » QO ^ O as VI (J u ■c § h> b o o H IB O • «*• M O •^■W> 656 H. Doc. 136. •s IS I I 6 i H, Doc,. 186 f-f-f-s-s-f^^-aii^i^' IS! I u 1 iiliiiiii! "^^^r^^gf^ '"•MM.l i ^ I «""*«' »-»-»««QO«S^„«c. IW. j^o. 11 — Continued. DISTRICT OF PORTLAND. Penonunation and iwmes of TeRsels. MMtewof [Tonnage. No. of None given. 49 86 Scbooner Regulator *j 52 08 Schooner Waahington....-.-- " gj 2I Schooner Delight in Peace.— «« 3566 Schooner Elizabeth j ^^ 5229 Schooner Triumph - ' Schooner Hickory. - .Schooner Caledonia AnHKint I (tflllH. 8 10 8 6 12 8 14 $600 800 1,000 600 1,600 400 600 None - - : Totji, ...do.. '..M ...do.. ...do. ...do.. . ...A). ...do.. . ...do. ...do.. ....do. ...do.. ....do. DISTRICT OF BARNSTABLE. Meters of tonnage. Number of Value. Denomination and name. Mastewj.! unn« ^^^^^^^^ veuela. l . I I Schooner William Gray. Schooner BeUe We Sehooner Rival Schooner Nettle Schooner E. M. Shaw- -■ 83»oaller Franklin Dexter . Schooiwr Hamilton golMKNieTOr^ton.. 8oho6oerT«ler»I* --" ""SwTeaielalBtUidia- trieti p«tiai k>« ufl 57 08 103 82 47 76 66 92 82 20 63 13 64 22 78 22 $1,000 3,000 1,400 3,000 3,000 2,200 2,500 3,000 .do. 663^ 19,100 DiamCT ft- PORTSMOUTH. Seliooner Balleniw *]9«liooner Banner B^iwnBr Barungtw>— -- SelioonerHarveat Home.. Sebooner WelUngton gehooner Oscar Colea .... Denomination an< of vessels. Sciiooner America Sdwoner Maria... gekoooer Elixa . . . Denomination an " ft. Doc. 136. ^" ^—Continued. v DISTRICT OP I^AMAQUODDV. 6tf9 Denomination an^ uamea of vesaelB.' Schooner America . hclwoner Maria... Sekoooer Eliza ... "leS"' ^"'»"«-- Number of crew lost. None given . . . do — ,.do.... Value of Value of vessel, outfits 43 SI I 9 46 61 8 54 00 I None tim $400 600 1 400 1.200 300 Total. $1,100 1,009 1,^ RECAPITULATION. ■v Denomination «.d/n.me. of vo^iels. [Number of I Tonnage ' vessel^. ' ■ .of Gloucester iA of Penobscot let of Portland.. let of. Barnstable, of Portsmouth . . . ^ of P^ssamaquoddy Total. 629 49 696 01 369 54 563 50 328 00 143 91 19,^ 14,400 5,600 24.100 16,200 3,600 83,266 .J 22 66 43 47 17 219 CoiLiOTdR's Orrioi, P- OBEELY. Jr., OMtUw Diilrict of BoMm, and Ckarlulonm, Jun^r, 1, ]852. :4 M. it » ? •V. • t J. *, •a, ^[ Mt^ ^r Hie recenl jit Newilbund IjDUii'estfng at J lows, that th( liUovance of loo the deep-s lliare fish, cau Iflnderthe stin lind cured tiy Dvement on [citefl mich I affecting { se in the 5r that 1 i which i : project of I 20th Dece ! and Comn ; and Coloni itiobal Assen i a variety o nbodied here^ I It is set forth paid 1 JBiusive, for th ftrage of 3,9C leiy annual!)! i to the nat mce trains u lissaid, who V Itheseaon boi IThe proposec ^i it having > a report the Ithe 3d day of vyeoed law re fjhejmple. , PEWLEMEN: )ofthe-projcc -r H. Doc. 186. 661 PART XIII. FRENCH FISHERIES AT NtWFOUNDLAND. I The recent movements in Frnnnn ' L Newfoundland, and exported to" fi^^f^ '^ ''''""^'''' ^" *'*» *^"ght inte^estfng at the present time, because ^£"ll ?"?"*''.' "^ singularly tows, that the chaSiges which ake pTacelS ^/"""^' '^'^"^ ^^at foil Lllowance of those bounties are Sited ^^ '''? P'-^^'^"^ year in the - L the deep-sea fisheries of the^S l^;''''*^''"^"^ ^ P^^^Prful effect bTefah, caught and cuVed by ci^^s of pTn ' ^''''"^''' ^« ^« ^« lender the stimulus of a large Fountv tn . ' ^"^.T"i?"«^">«^ket8, ". LdcuredKy our ovyn citizens. S'a 1^^'" ^"'' '^" ^^^^ <=^"g»^t Lvement on the part of France hi 'W'''"^ ^^ unexjfecTed- W m»ch interest among the fishe™ of f. ^ m^''*'^ attentiolT and b affecting an important branch ofT, in 1 ! ^^ r ^"^^^^ Stales. iange in tHe policy of France wiuLr ^ V ""^ ^"'" P^^P^^. this nonler that tile whole m^ter mav be Hr'^A '^"'7'^^^ ^^^^"gth.' francewhich grafted boundesfo^he seafi«h^ understood The law o ie project of a new law was ^hZt^T't'^^ f''''' *« ^'^Pire. "h 20tt December, 1860, by Seur i^.l" \''-"^^' ^^«^™4 «« cand Commerce, and MonW Romn.^n^' ^'T^'" °f Agrlcul- e and Colonies. At th^sj^e dm^T>!^ ^^'^'^*'''^"' ^'"^'«ter of Ma- toal Assembly an able r^rt ^'th f ™'"'«t«JV"^'"'««d ^o the d a variety or iLresr/iEipy> ''^'^'' [''^""^^ of France, Bbodied herewith. ° ^^^t'^tical returns, translations of which are p4S'VXlf dTaS^^^^^ ^'-^- "f State, that the pve7forthe^c«l fishery o^v h?d "'"'^ ^''"i ^^""^ ^^^^ *« 1850. Kof 3,900.0?0 S feo^"^, T^"^ '° '''« ™«^ ^nua^ ' fean.ually>,ountS IMtrthraS^r^e" ^*^^^ -, ^^'^ 1^ to the nauon was, therefore. 338 frames rSf^'n. J/ "^^ u^ ^^- , mce trams up, in this manner \h]l TTi ^i "™ ^"'" ^^*^^ «»«• lis said, who would costThTn:.- ^"^u^'^^y seamen for hernavy, Jeseaon bo'Lrd veSsitwr^" ""^' "^^^ ^^ ^'^^ ^^ ^nunTd " ^ t a report th^erS^;™:^^^^^^ . " Itlie si day of May 185^1 TtJL^ il- '^'*^"rV • ^"^^^^ ^he chairman, I J May, i«51, a translation of which is as foUows : f,»« ' ' ph:i» . A^' . „, "'"«-" IS us loiiows: .iiKi c If; 1 ymi-.c *■<». >j 4r. ... ^ H: Doc. 136. J Commerce, has devoted itself to the Wthe Ministers ^ffJ^fj^P "Attention which its importance demanded. skd examination With «^ /^c attenti ^^. ^^i^^.^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^j. ^^^^ It has heard delegates from "^^^^^^^^^ „f the rern.u-kublc d.- equlpped. It has consulted J^ f ^^ J^^^ ^^ i^^u ^s the deliberations of c2ssFpns held by the Counsel ofJ,tate^^^^^^ honorable Mr. Ducoe, its the commission tormerlyappoin^^^^^^^ ^^ si>eak-as,hc president ; dehbe^ationsjliu^h serve ^^. ^^ ^^^^^^ ^^ ^ ^^ Lsis fbV this P^"J«^Vvr m" sslu sThe Ministirs of the Mannc .ul feet un^«>^^t^,^7,S/D?re^^^^^^ of Customs, that we lay before Commerce, and the yirecior v? you the result of our labors. thought for a moment that the ^ Your commission, messieurs ^a^o^ ^ho j ^^^ ^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^ encouragement S^^^^^f^^^^^^ f;!^one form of industry. Unquestm- exclusive favbr or P^^^^^f ,^°^ '^rti^^^^^ «nd the commercial actmty I ably, the industry exerte^^^^ of employn.nt arising from it*, becomes a vtr^ ^^^^ consideration apj -^S^& euch indu^i^^ ^ ^ at the ^^'^^^jt^XS^ and bounties, can be just,fi^ intervention «V^^- Tnf rreneral and public interest. It is not, there-' " only by consideraUon«o general mia p ^^ ^^ ^^^^^ fore, a commercial ^^^^m^ H w-a law conceived for the advnnc. sembly, but rather a ^^^^ime aw a .^ .^ .^ ^^^.^ ^j. ^, ment of the naval p^wc^ 1 ' , ' ,^^^^^^^^^^^ granted to the great lishe^ only, that, in our opinion, the «"'^;";;'«^^^^^,a on the thnn. most mA ries ought to be maintamei^l. h r'l"^ ' ^^ f ..^r. The niemorvof ^a^t^e^ of Europe,, must c^ntm^^^^^^ her history, the genius ot In 5^>™^^^^ , .,j ,/f the continent, M ^^^SXC^fherWn.^^^^ irreparable injury to^bc^^Xl^ii^K^^^^^ ^^^n ment of naval power. T'-ea es, ^"^ , ^^^^hle objectH of time, haye «"f f ^'^^1^/.^ AmScans, coal to the English; and freight. Cdttdn belongs t" the Am^ ican^, ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^ the a>resent moment, "^^^^^'V^^''^^^^ and less. 1 , tant*navigation, seem to be ^^'^^Vj^^^^i. ^^^^^ i„ order to preserve theJ The great fisheries ^'^^^ '"^"^ZZZiCX^e rece\yU even at J we must continue the encouragements tftg ^« j^ J nods when a commercial and ^ ""^^ JiX^^ abundant OU9 hopes oi our maritime *^nl;«tments. ^ ^^^^^^ . and in numbers so important, for the service oi «^^ H. Doc. 136. i^ Thus it appears from the crew liQta r nambers olmen employed bv the rmtl'' 7"" ^V"^^ ^^^* ^^^ avei^ge- L commercial vessei/are as KJlows ^^'^ ^Jogrammesof tomia^ For long coasting Forforeign voyages. .]"' [ 6men*_ For short- coasting. ..... ." * 8 «'. For fishery on the Grand iiaiik's ^* " Forfishery at Iceland: 13 « For fishery at 8t. Pierre' imdMiquVlftn ?'' " For fishery on the coasts of Newfoundland J? * " These figures clear y prove the ,.nn»:^ ki ' "; 30 «• .- Ibrs in the developmenn,7ou "r^Z" ^^^ " ^'^^^ ^^ich cod-fishing Lsary to confirm t?ie fact yJ C "^^^^^^^^^^ , «' " >-er« n^ ho.2, appended to this report. estal«es flm 7h -""^"^ '^^ '^^' ^^^b- Itune population in the districts in which h ^"^^-f a^e of the mam L been, on the average, durn/thrn?A^ T'^^' ^« fi««d out Llaw which we call^jCyo? o nS /^S^f^ ^^e prevalence of Ipercent.; whereas, in throther d strT^?. Ji, ^ ^'^, ^''^ twenty-sa Ifcorteen per cent. "^"^*' ^^^ P'^^S^ess has not exceeded England, notwithstanding th*» iir..r,««« Sm; the United States. wferS^ ^^^F ^»«"1«^ P«8i- asmuch as they are carried on ,mrT .1 • ^^^ economical and iasy, Palways favcJed thl^et^tir^^^inTr^^^^^^ ^^ ^olS' te to ref.s, ,,pp,, ^ Usent in a condition vx^ry SS •' u> ilm J '"'"'^ ^^'Pf^^^^" are I There was a time when Fmncl^^L^^^^^^ ^y ^^""^ "vafe- [The same treaties reserve to us the rioht ,.r « u- [tonly at determined points and distances W "^ "^"1" '^^ ^'^^- hteblish ourselves on the northern r.?!- J^^ !'^^ «"Jy permitted Unthsof the year, and tha^X^.^''^ ^^"^'^^^^ titations. ^ * "* "'''^ '^"'^'^"^ constructing any permanent JMonibesoutfierncoastof IVpwr II "r/°"' pennanent habita.- pe climate an^the ferdlitv J Z''' "r^' ^'^^^J^ by the mildness b out with them l,,y'^ ?^n ^^y^V"^ ^'^^'' ^^ obliged^tO TOTor the coltrucS^^^lfer?'^^^ «is necessary for subsfstence iTf T. '^'^'"'' .*"^' ^» « ^^^^d' ^ ht portion of NewSnlnd .? J^' *''^ «P«™t'°ns of the seaami. r ..:: f ^ Ei»J * jfriM ?*5iUr iit- I* r *t t ■.ji-^v '.'I- ' "> '. r • i^ilpi V -/ ' i»., g^w ,, -/ H. Doc. 1^6. 064 -are ^asy and economical along the vast range of coasts they possess, ''^,Tc:::^^:^'of^'^S^^y m position can be reada,a, fisljenes can be sold at prices grt,Auy "' nmfluctions will 1* «vi- and'the great marts to which we carry our productions wiu be ^ Sm dosed against us, if we do not counterbalance the disad- ^a^s pi o?r situation by means of prudently considered encourag. , l^iS^rri^l!^:^^^ twr^tkmTthe preservation of the great fisheries assumes a degr^-S S^JSncemo?e serious when they are viewed as bemg m fa^J "T^h^t r i::ir?a7e 7r enrolment for the navy arising ^t] veieWcHn the fishertes, has .f^i^ed the hopes wh.^ induced the L.«TUlation to impose certain sacrifices on the treasury. 3 That in disadvantageous position towhich the treaties have «Led our shipmasters, the tishSies can be mamtained orjy by iSn"f : iS'^^r^ce o^thTsaTrffices Jo Xh the State has sub inhJ ^d to coSer whether we may lcK>k for --l^XSTaf i . assistance asked for from the new clauses of the proposed law. | BOUNTIES OX VESSELS FITTED OUT. "We fish for cod — ^ „ j On the Grand Bank of Newfoundland ; On the shores ofthe same island; .On those ofthe isles of St. Pierre and Miquelon; In Uie Icelandic seas ; And on the Dogger Bank. We fish with or without drying. , , i j- » F^rhen^ without drying is carried on in the Icelandic seas on Do^rKk and on the Grand Banks o^ Ne^^fo""^?,"^ Jt S Es salted on board the fishing vessels, ^d each v s^dk ^ it to France as soon as the cargo is ^^"^Pl^^^-T,^,^!';^^ eoMsh, which is consumed entirely m France. This descnptioni tK emnlovs far fewer men than the fishery with drying, and y ^:SnZ^^rfirnoZ\hundani. Fishery with drying is pract. S Se Grand Bank of Newfoundland, on the shores of that island, <« those ofthe isles of St. Pierre and Miquelon. The cod there taken s dried on shore, either at ^t. rierre xi-„..!l.„. ..^ tW coasta of N^«^f""ndland where that privilege I I^S^to^^ir Thi: Xy c^dis not sparingly consumed|^ STs nrinciuaU v exported, with the aid of bounUes, to French coM ?nd CgrlS either direcdy from the fishenes by the fcb ''t^-r.lT::ETJ^o:^^^^^^^ beenlujnished- .jimtdSg the period from 1841 to 1S49 the returns of the Fr«. LsiSfi-^ - jr-T ;oasts they possess, H. Doc. 136. 665 fijheries have been annually, on an 5,v«ro i pammes: of this gross amount" ^ oJoonf'i. ""l ^^'^O^'OpO kilo- France, 17,000.000 have been Verted ? .1 ''^ ^^" consumed in Uuntries; and that the exportation Wko ^ colomes or to foreign Lrtions fh,m the seats of fishei^ an?r "J"''*^^ '" "^^^^7 ^qual pS Lt two-fifths of the returns^f 'o"r &Zr^'. P'''' ^^T^^^^^ ^^^ narkets from which the competition nf'"^' T ^^^^'^ exported to dodeus, were it not for the^a rafforjed^"^ ^""'^ ^^''^ «««" ^^' tteprK^esoftheEnghshandAmeScoH- ""^^^^^ of bounties; for Ihe mtes of our^ fish, owing to the Sr.n. ""^.^^^^ays be lower than [fed. We shall proceed to t^Z:ilTZ T l''^'' "^ "« Itbis exportation be stopped, our eonln^ 7 r ^"^^ ^^ ^^^ case, and Ljdibe reduced to a^mos^TnsiSSTnlr''"'^ ^ '^'^ ^^heri^ L seamen would be deprived of one of .>=''"' ^"^ °"^ enrohnent Ine encouragements given to the cod fisheVv'nrf 1^'^'*?"' ^«s«"rces. I« the number of men in every crew and infnK '^''^^^ "^^« ^^"n^es Lof the produce, counted by t^'^ntTofZfT T '^' ^'^P^^*' lloonty varymg according to the desuSon nf t J ' ^"^ *^^ ^«""t °f I It follows that the bounties ontCll^J^ ^ u^ '^^'^«^«- Vyed in both kinds of'Sing^t wTth'^ beneficial to the vessel. , .^nses of the State^in the^ccS fireriZT '^^^''^ ^'"^^ 1^41,' Z kerage of 3,900,000 francs ^'^''"^' ^"^*^ annually reached the I The cod fisheries employ 332 vessels 47 nnn . . , ked, according to the ffovernmpnff' 'v^° ^''"^ burden, and &e men, therffore,1s ^anZal chapel'' ^ '''•''' "^"- ^ach f«it has been said that if the Cntt Sd on fh""''"" '^^^"^ fr«^^*- ■«re discontinued, the fisheries necessSv fol tK ^^P^^^^^'"" of Ash elf would still remain; anditi8inrLvyf^'''V''''''^''SofFranom thepnxluce of our fisheries that XhM^'/-' ?'^ ^^°"t «"e-third Wvy a sum. It is no^ LerefoTe 12 00^? '^'""^^'^y^^rly with t ?"'"'^r. ^Wch cost's us Sl^e mnff. '''^^''' ^"' ^^^ ^^^ part H;ot the thirlVf that numbeV whrirnfif t ^^'''" ^^''^^ «^^J°«^ ' ^' In fact, the op^raTions Tf thffl -^ '''^ '.^^"«^«« «f t^ ^ a single whole. ItTs le elit^^^^^^^ ^^ indivisible, and « in our markets which Inl bS f e'StdL'^r' '^''*^" ^ ^ fa It not true, if the hnnutL^AA ^"?,*}""ig out so many ve»- "ies^and toTor^gn''^,^^^^ ^n the shipments to tha eorthe fisheries, tSsfStPr^nll"*^*^ pi^poFtTon of the pro- hdthatconsequemrthereu^o^b'''^'' T^'T^ closed agaW M and prices lowered r^ """'' "^^^"'*« ^'°"ld ^ ^"^ te:S:"Tl'^^^^^^^^^ -^;;.«tate of things can ■' T '\', ^ :. ■ »: I- U ■' T7 /!' y • if ^*^ 666 H; Doc. 186. .ould .ease. It -y ^e said ^^ it^hTroit^rTat tol^l;: ?r«arver^ dearly for French fish, or else admit foreign cod CJe We observed, messieurs, the fisheries without drying, the .^Lnf which are more simple and the returns larger, employ a operations of ™ ^"^^^ ™Xrs. But, again, the vessels In use tWth» much «n)^er number ot ^^^J' ^^^^^^ j^.^^s necessary for the nav- rS'onf^m^tn^l^^^rna^^^^ said of this fishery, that if it prep.J igauon 01 inein, au j .inWoTS. the elue of the navy. Itis fcu,er men for f^e sea, it^.r«« bet^^^ ^.^ C^mLT^X 'Th^^^^^^^^^^^ anchor, and sends out her J et^erday , Tnlhe heaviest seas, to set and agmn take up the hnes. Of » ^^ndsoffishery itis the rudestand most exposed. Tt would seemlt first that the encouragements given o it hould be eaial to those g^ven to The fisheries witli drying and the island feb- Sef stace on t£ one hand its products are abundant, and more cap^J S^UTng to their quaUty of sustaining compeUtion against foreign pr^ rrSaf the larcaS alftas its'end the encouragement oft^ Se in codfish. This branch of industry, ns we have already sta^J S„dd havVno title above any other^o require sacrifices on the part d rp if it did not, ^^y£:^^:irzx^:^^ ^SdtyTetjkaJo^^^^^^^^^^ which furnLies the njostsi ^sTtiiat which b?st justifies the highest encouragement Now t^ Sherv on the Grand B.iik, without drying, is the best school for sm^ but k is hicontestable that the fishery on the coast ot NewfoundW, J vSl a? St. Pierre and Miquelon, otter a readier and more eftcad means of recruiting the navy. As to that which is earned on upon tj SiTo? Nrwfounfland, witl drying, jhe bounties on^^^^^^^^^^^^ it pniovs have not been altered since 1816. It has always Deennia at fiCfrSper man for each of the crew. . The law, moreove^H Les on all vessels fitted out with this destination, the obh^Uon Krkhifi at least twenty men in every vessel of less than one hu SSs buS hirty men for a vessel from one hundred to one bund. S ESht tons; and fifty men for a vessel fronS one hundred. Stteiltfns upward. It is this fishery which employs the lar S„mW of vessels, and which is mosjt^ favorable to enlistments. In] yrng men from ^^^^^ to eighteen years, ^^^o otherwise wouMne Ce&ght of navigation, go on board as cubm-boys or p^M n^rl make t w ve r al voyages. - They ar e empl^ed^in the work asm- Zi irwtefi^^e s^STear they go out m a^fishj ^ats e^ry morning, and retm-n ^-^y ^f ;;^^"f ' ^/^jj ^ 3 are formed eraduaUy to continued navigaUon. After three year., yc^ngmen,^? they W passed the age of s«te*3n vears, a^^^H ind Llong for tfie remaunder of their lives to tBe manomej Syond question, these recruits who so largely sweU our bstsare i j'i^^^A H. Doc. 136. ^ first, but very imperfect sailors- rh^r. three voyages required previous' to bSn^ir^", '"'"^. '^^°' ^^^^^ the fc sea as an emplovment; but the nTmbev S't "" -^^ "''^' ^^^^ "P to. has been statecf. And is it not eySpn... /''^'^ '' "'"^'^ ^'^^"e^ hea-board would enter less readily upon th ''"' P"P"I«tion on the place of the excitement and interest wD. t '''''^^'' "^ ■''^«'"^"' ^^ in mes offers, they had no prospect buT at IrrK^'T"'"^"* '" '^^ ^'^- Instate? *^ ^ : ""t "lat of embarking in the vessels I The government proposes to vn., t^ "^- • Ifrancs a n.an for the crews of vessds emT^'T ■SS^^'^'y ^^ fi% Idtying, whether carried on upon flu! ^""^ "^^'j ^"^he fisheries, with [Pierre, and Miquelon, whereTe"co ;, ot Lf ^^'T?-^' ^^ «* Lalogous, or upon the Grand Bank. We W^ l?'?*?^ ^^ ^'^^S are feol tlus mode of fishing, even when it il^T ''""^"^ *« '^^ ^iftcult- ■diefish caught. ^ "^''^^ •' i^'lirosecuted without dryin^ or Wcountries. A decrefof AutsTsi 184s"" codfish sent into trans- ' r^' The present project Dronof^ftn i '■ '""'^^"^ ^^'^ ^''^^Y to 18 «!; sent to W FreSch^ '23 w" ^t' '' "f ^ ^^ ^^^* ^^^^^'^^d bffi-conc eived . an d li l cX^ J^'^^ t^^f^ PT ""^ » - P'^™^- In factrtL diminuti^Jr 7^ ^eneficiaf effects on ^ on exportation; to ourToCaJ to? ^•'"'' P""" 'l"'"^"! ^^ the mentauon of two francs in favor of r'''^«'''""«' together with an ^countries, will tend to W^ne^^^^^^ *? ^^ ^»««t- ^moment when the politicaTand clJ'^ , "^/'^^^.*^ *« "«' «* the ^-^ us to apprehend a dirfXrLTnr ^^ ^"^ ^^'^^ o U4 uieir oramary consumption*. -^ ^ /v ■•«^* r .^•i r^ 668 H. Doc. 136. The sacrifice on the pnrt of the treasury will not be augmented; for a considerable quantity of codfish was re-exported fi-om our colonies, after having cnjoyed'the bounty of 22 francs. The shippers would no lonaer have aA interest in overstocking our colonial markets with their pnSuce, since the bounty will be no higher when sent there than when sent to Cuba br Brazil; and, at the same time, the exempUon from aO duties in pur colonies guarmities ihAt they will always be^ sufficientlj """^^lie prohibition to send codfish to ports at which there is no Frencli •consul forms piu-t of the law of 1841. In order to prevent abuses, t)« shippers are oWigetl to Ihrnish a certificate proving the good quaky their fish, jind its exact/veight. It is important to the mterest of the treasury that thes^ certificates should be made by a government officer,! who would be under the influence of responsibdity not telt by raen completely unconnected with the administration. There is, ^moreover, no port of any consideration at which there is not a French consi ^Thls commission has considered it its duty to admit our colonies the western coast of Afi-ica to the benefit of the same bounties accords to the West India colonies, and has especially had Senegal in viewn colony too often overlooked and forgotten. The government has acceptj «d this addition to the proposed law. ^ .„ c- The present project estabUshes the bounty of 16 francs on export tions t6 European countries and to foreign States on the Mediterranea -which the law of 1841 had established at 14 bancs, and a decreet 1848 had raised to 18 frarfcs. This reduction in favor of the treaai we do not consider Ukely to militate agaijist our exportation to tho countries. In^pcurrence with the government, we include luscai in 'this category; but we except from it Sardmia, where ancient ai well-assured relations permit us to reduce the protection to 12 franc?.! Upon the whole, messieurs, the scale of bounties which we aboj propose to you promises the treasury a saving of 300,000 francs, H vided that, in spite of our fears of its decrease, our exportations of c fish remain equal to what they have been during the last ten years. The second article of the p^jposed law retains the obhgation it «ich vessel shall have a minimum of crew proportioned to the size J die ship. This measure, which was established in 1832, on the requj of the shipmasters themselves, is at once preservative of their interei «nd those of maritime enlistment, the essential object of aU the prw tion to the fisheries. The Minister of Marine has declared to us that the minimums peared to him to be judiciously regulated, and-that there was no n« iitv for modifying them, the administration having had, thus lar.i f^ion to complain of any abuses. The conitnission has thereforei proved. the romimuins^Jia, t liey are now established, addmg,thatMj the course of the term which you propose to fix lor the duratim law, the necessity of augmenting them shall become evident, tiiegq crnment shall have the power to prqvide for their increase. Tho vessels sent to the fisheries without drying, having salt on i thatistosav.in Iceland and on the Grand Bank--are never 8ub)ecte«S? boun^*"-*"*^ "'"'""'>"' «oWe .5ch me;; S"; i 1 :i: ■,:;■; -i:"^ -W ■^^^pp *? vl t _ '"'';' ^ '• "■'■' ; * T V-. -"^'g- :--'i*?-^»' *i^2^jij llife^ '*: ^^1 Hf^g ', *"'' wBH^^^^^^^^^^HI ' ^^H HHB^ ^ H^^^^^^^^^^^^V ' 1 ''"'' T^^^^K'^ |H Rp^ i ' IM^K. ^H Hf'H 1 ^ i^Ji^^^Bt H m 6*30 H. Doc. 186. n^ * "iKr^!^ .ies allowed on the exporta^^J^he^-^^^^ ^—Tth^t^^^^^^^ ri^ht is accorded by rfje laws ""J/^^f^"/^^, ^.Lg Voyages r^\he ."^J^^roricrnrthlt^^^^^^^^ an officer, to be deeded capableo,] ^^X^^Kth^^rt^l'^^c^r;^^^^^^^^ f^ P7»^^ foreign voyage^, -d the ma.^^^^^^ „, ^,J tested strongly against this prov^ionft^ J^ I «,t runinously on the ^^^^^^"^^.^^^^^^ ^^st, are commanded by tlj' vessels annually sent to ^^J^ J^^; f Ji^borious navigation-i masters of coasters, who quit that hard J^^^^^ ^^^^^^l i„ ,^^ they find an occasion to J^^f, ^^^ " ffic^^^^^^^^ Icelandic lishen« it is our opinion, messieurs, ^^^^ ^^^^^^f^J^^^^^^ otall W require practical experience, and the endurame^^^ toVhiJli mariners .^^»^«,^^;:^,^!^ne.?rof opinion that it is™ accustomed from theur childhood, mid we •'^^ ^^"P ^^. ^^^ y advisable to depnve.^J^lrtlxS^^^^^^^^^^ are lor theL reaching a station which ""'^'^^J^Pf^X to reconcile the securityo part, -different to acqm^^^^ ^^^^^ <:onditions with reference t« dat^ ^"^J^^^^^^^^^^^^ of hispr words : "if he shall r:^«^^^"J'fj2e„^^^^^ A mrL fession as -f^^^^ ^t^^^^^ rial decree oflS^^^^'^.X new law will only confirm, by render. ing vessels obhgatory; t»*5^"f^,^^\L fourth ^ reproduces! legal, a "^^^f ^^^^^^I.^'Sfof ^^^^^^ 18^2, addi,^! j,rovi8ions ol the ^^^^^^f^^i^^tien^^^^^ have the power ofixingi ft a provision \rJ?^^i^^^%S3 remain on the 'fishing ground. period durmg :«^^^<^^.^^*\;f^^^ ^ it is advisable such periods slw' r flEma»'8 operauom, in regard u, the tou„t.as. | SPCOMD HEAD. The ^cond head of the prqec, pre^nted by the govcr-enl. to the salt to be used in the "^nf '"»• . ,.^ evamined the pr«> Yo«r.omn,issio„ me,s,e„,..^as 'J^^^Vy,.^*^ ' ^'j under th.s ''«"'>1 '' !XS™S of S, and several JeM"*^ ^anufectures ofAe Mfere« kmd ^ ^^^ ^^_^ _ the puttittera of'tysels intereMeu .^^ i|ial.pH liberation, the <:<'''™'?'""?^°™^^fSre of solt,Vith^ -■''™^.';°^\rvr3S;d"1strmlr„t engaged,!.^ • I Ki^.J H. Doc. 136. 671 jue of the various kinds of «nif ♦ k ®'^ this reservation, since the governmpn/"l''P"^,'^ ''^ ^°Wi"g ourselves tn presentation of thn r.r^,- p .^"^""lent has declarprl t^ ""^feives to k » prove as wdl for suctfi Kfe""'' ""' " «h^l be nee™" The second head is, therefore r^! ! P'^^^^"*. uiaciure, '-^8, which is usdess! S yoi wll?/ "^ ^^-^"--tment of the law of '^X"K;„Tji2^ 1""*" "' ----^"o^ ek^Jerein me„g„Sl teS j",' ^^=<"»Wy of r^ee pa.,ed ttJ™«,5.te£:;&>«^«-^yof January. XS52. „„,, ^ "like as follows: . ""'''"™g™ent of the c«l.fi°hOT BOTOTIES TO IHB CKEW. terj;;„iir^j:;j^fisheHe.i„^^ ...^ .„o„„ai„, telToVr^'' ■■" "■<= ^"O^-e-y on U.e Grand Ban. I For each man emplovetl in ,1.. c u ployed .n the finery „„ ,he Dogger Bank, 15 fe?''^'""«™'-™-^^ 'he plaee pes in America or India, or to thp P u^^ ''^ ^""^e to French 'g iif* ;1i«'' ..j«8WH"^' 'Y. i '4, ,ir • i ^^ *> 672 tL Boc 186. Atlantic countries, from ports in France, America or India, or to tran^-At^t^cou^^^^^^^ Without being warehoused, P/^^'^^rted d Ject from the place wher. 4. ,^tr'fr^,°m\t';Ti:^??t^^^^ A^S^^ ^^ ^"-"^ Siqie. twelve francs. ^ „ ^ I BOUNTY ON COD MVERS. ^ „-^ Witst-'isxis Sf fir ■ f v^nnties itwiU be 8jii»tbat there ani From the foregoing state of boup^««'^; ,^^ fighefe of Ne^ E<^ soml^ounds for the fears entertamfc^^^^^^ land, ?hat the cod ^^^^g^^^^^^ ^tVof the tnited States, with the. troduced into the P^"^^'^ "^ff fr^cs on the French qumtal metnq» vantage of a bounty of ^^"^l^^^^ a half pounds avoirdupotsve, ^hich is two hundred ^^^ twenty^ r-^ ^ h^^dred. nearly equal to two dollar, jper A ^^ ,,,^^,„ ,^^ arly equal to two «o"^"^^/ ;-;;ai too;wbat our fishermen obtaini their LViTcd fish f ^"l'"'"^^^;' rwS ite French pro.e«Je.b Tn order to show Ihe extern " . presented. Theji di^^ea fisheries the MowmgT^^^^^ to^/eP-rl'i:: translations from ^^'^^^"iemWy? and have, therefore, .the high«to mission of the Nauonal Assemoiy, ficial authority. „ .. I I i s ~^* .1- ^ ' §- •« ' § Q ^ i •5 -7 1 t 1 V 1 1 1 om ports in France, ixteen francs, rom the place whew , • Algerm, per quintal .. " ^ bring:jnto France M I twefvisr' francs. =t le semi^hattbereanl Sherman of New Ei^ irfouncllandwiUbei d States^ with the i ench quintal metri unds avoirdupois, ve al of one hundreds ur fishermen obtain f i'rench prosecute thi presented. They i , the report of thee herefore, the highesto ■.!»£#»' -fn ^:^*,^' 0*74 H. DoC' ^*^* No. 2. ' 1847. 1 . Place of 1W»«7- CoartofNewfonndlana.;! 8t Peter, and Mlquelon-, Grand BwA. (dried fidO • Snod Bank, (green fi.h)J Iceland Dogger Bank .-•• 1842. 323,650 10,450 89,250 51,780 51,200 1843. Prane$. 307,860 9,600 66,260 58,-410 68,950 360 1844. Fra*e$. 311,600 17,500 63,450 49,320 75,600 1845. Frane$. 333,600 3,060 82,400 43,410 66,-150 1846. Franci. 333,300 2,550 107,000 42,360 72,900 1847. ""369,8 m 35i Total \,^'^' 505,420 1517,370 *-ir"..''.5^2^'^^«^-'----- 1848. Totalpaidintheyearli;---;-;::::-;... K:'.'.--'-do'-'/..1850 Annual mean of eigbt years. 1842 to 1849. >4» -', >• .■, I*' • «, / .. "i/ aMktt- ■ \-r.' f ecMcZ* employed « t4, 1646, 1846, a» S. 1846. 1947, tcs. Franei. 500 , 333,300 050 2,550 ,400 107,000 410 42,380 ;l50l 72,900 369,S 3,; Si,: 3,610 558,110 584, fn «^ 531 " H. Doc. 186. S * V I "I "-i o « 3 258 2? ■=" ^ A o ' - ^ ■nojid a»j -roni » iiuiiridiiQ •l«4H ■ y- r.# "'^^1 1 '1 1" j'i'^fl m i' . ! i • • f J is Kd*'?: •f ;i' " Ifj-l'i^ u,>A£^.-U,.u,.. . o Ofi' 676 •pno* 1SJ9190 •gjtofl H. Doc. 136. 2 fe S S S S J* § ^ 3 s ■gptraq n9W0 1 4) I g 1 r-l rsf rt-^-,,"« « § H S I ?D QO I- CO M5 S I S OT M 00 S5 o »»' •ir»oi» iwOTSO siiSisSgiSi ,^*rH .1 9» s iXoa to ad -w » g S *' ** * ** S I 56 I «S5i8ISII§i uf isigiisSss \«-.i^ ^ « ■I"?o? nMeai)0 K- Doc. IBS. (N 2} =; «^ » t- *• o- 1 ^- elf j Sl2||y8.fe-5«V|^ J" '"''"■■ - w 5 9» I S iifgiSiS??"^: of -i* r^M- .^ ^ fKi > ' r- '.-.;■ f ■ ' l.^'^l ^' 1 ■ ^ w ' r ^:w i" -f i i *'i 67^* 'T3 ■1 CQ O •pja) IUI8H90 •sXoa n. Tfoe. 186 ■I I ! ^ S f5 Sjg S « ?: e* 5J_ p. 1 u (S o 4) <5 in c» 1 >ft 1 -OTUi'J 8ure:>dflO .iiSSiesSIlt r-Tr^ r^ « > ^ O^ ^ I ) ^ 00 i-l Si < §! 3« -spiraq a»aj{) I S 1 «©» »^ CO „-„-„-„- CO uj- I li " "-i 0* OS © is eo i-i §Si^^i«ii5s ■•»ond J9» ■•«ni»«niwjd»Q li§Si§iilsS 1^ e-wki ■^ '' v > < il-.MIn -f . ti III** -:^-,--^r em H. Doc. 186. No. 4. s-i .^f ^Tfififf rnrl erDorted direct from the place wherf paid thereon, in the years 1842 to 1850 inclusive. Yean. 1842 •• ••• 1843 1844 ...; 184d •••••*• 1848 1847 • •••*>•••• Total Annual average • ■ j Average of preceding penod 1648 •J849 .....■• 1850 AveraKe of eight years— 184a tp 1849 ? o •a °- a >> >« a .<. 0' 5 ft ge quan f cargo. s 50 Kilogrammes. 6,366,U43 7.943.37.7 7,591,477 9.538,033 9.H6«,153 9,MC6.996 50,675,078 8,445,846 6,46K,024 5,838,693 5,275,637 5,544,399 7,723,550 Francs. l,400.5i9-30 1,747.542 94 1,669.684 94 2.0!)8,367.26 2,171,313.61 2,051,760 72 11,139,098.82 1,856,516.33 1,808,099.94 1,284.512.35 1,160,640.14 1,219,767.86 1,693,030.35 Kilogrinlm 76,ti6» j 7J,2I3 86,380 79,43) i-m 74, 1» 48I,3I» 1Q4,S3< 57,9Ul 51,81(1 tf ' im^, *>,. •-. vi.iA. A ^^^^-^^^£^ ^' Doc. 136. J^^o.^6. est mum of thequantitii of ^ri»j . ' \mehouse in Fra,Lff^'^ '''"' "/ ^mch cnuh il arerage "fe 01 preceding period i .j^«'S'"yMrs-1843 3.759,988 4.3811.036 4.382,355 5,37-2,286 3. 696,. ^.54 2.977,965 833 I ...A 24,'^;^ 131 I ' I "" — ~ 68 4. '194,800 ' ' 3,580,050 2.456.812 3.'fi2,766 i. 936, 387 3.773,547 837,156.76 963,607.92 , 964.118.10 1> '81, 902, 92 8I3.J97.88 655,152.30 31,019 30,0(ia 25,33! 26, 590- 33,911 36. 616 87 119 94 129 22 22 22 9 -«1 451,994.24 ICtiogranma, 17,4291 ]2,m 13,5071 I!!,li3l 33,13(1 33,954l ' 75, 330.70 50,688.00 89,040.72 138. 188.72 105,894.16 84,902.96 113,6071 18,7(8 14,31] 17,95| 21,» '* *1 . % '^ ' J h ■*' ' ( m^'s^-^'^. ^*-,ll' r , ^■■T— !%"»• «r*-^ -n ^ ^ ^ — _ -^ ^H- ■ ^ - :jforteifrom tk in the years' IS^ X " Jt s 5 • a g.jn 1 - d % > ' < nes. ■ ICdmmma. 240.96 \i,m 604.32 1%4» 579.52 13,507 005.92 12,173 898.08 33, ra 655.44 23,954 994.24 118,607 18,7S 14,51] 17,91 21,0 . 18,* H. Doc. 136. ^ (O .4 ^r C4 o 1-100 * r- •> •or- • er> Sa : 12 2 •n-« '• ui m SS : o >o ^^ 1 1 o>io^ A M «r-S 00 « ^ Pxus ^•♦^ CO '^■^! I in I m o m 00 au to CD n" g; to ISO -eij em Is S : * •» • « i: § 1-4 t 00 ffi.. o, : 1 "- I- •■:. 8> - H. Doc. 'ase. No. 9. e85 J» account ofihe dmount or hn «« sr I gS' • ' wfe Cod fishery. I Whale fi.hery. 3.S95,885.I8 3.928,518.16 4.079, 2fi0. 84 4, 765, 646,96 4.48j,53l.36i 3,760, 6if8. 58 ^.4A446,01 3.644,a57.33 Francs. 356,845.54 461,455 25 527,938, 6!» 224, 602 76 296,611.06 277,845.40 69,948.40 i90, 821.58 Toial. 31.381,314.42 p^;^^^, Annual aveWe during the above ^,„).. / ' T * ^""«'"y"". 4,826,172^8 fmnca. Frant$. 3,652,130.78 4,383,9/3 41 4.607,199.53 4. 9.90, 249. 79 4,778,142.49 |»038,513.98 3.62.1,394.41 _3|^83S,778.85 33,809,383.04 „ _. 1 - , — , ■,'«-w,ii<.ooiranca. Rf:"::"::::::::::::;:;:;;:-::::::;::::;:::;;;::; ^si^.». I Total... ^«fl«». • «.63l,c ^"^ JZfi!!^ *" sisogTssTS ^*>^ lit. ti *f ' itir' ' 4*' , ( ■; i = ■ ' , » ■ ''* W»'' A ' w fiJ_:, '■■'""^ ',r . * ^ ..iw. . ^Wnm^A ,.i . 46 I and products, ihq between the Stales, len, here, under thj I, an interchanjic ( 30 amonc eur twen 3, including impon ; a [Kjpulutionol'i :he productions im with foreign rwtioj irious autlicRtic an ire^t approximate jystem oi" procurij mmprce, populatioj ears: H. Doc. IBS, __^^^^yy^^ and other source.. em Year. jpecie specie - ^ ■ • • specie specie specie specie specie specie S74,554,;]J 80,878,^ 176,247,1 181,966,i 69,439,;| 77,491,8 ,155,760,1 175,94 ... 1,298,9581 ... 4,138,4411 llSOO. I18IO. Average ■-♦-.. K. Average Pf» cent, in rut. •"♦... IT CurtbiDg. «9.080,9U ^.583,309 ^^'005,612 ^13,004,447 17,589,761 ,^9.^88,433 ^7,878,325 20,098,713 Total /h,„„,,,,^^ ^21,928,391 |4.«24,441 ^.465,237 29,032,508 1M14,967 «24,S44,H6 28,526,820 3l,S65,56l 33,948,426 21,791,935 '-•-•.. «23,747,864 31,757,070 28,346,738 39,668,686 49,017,667 J*2i339,326 ^52,025,989 .56,693,450 59,663,097 47,421,748 52,312,979 49,728,38^ '«»»«Mto« receipt,. 'Wtoma. ^Wp" "^^ ~~~~— — — L^ •""""• ^<'«Me for 10 yew.. I>583,309 ) 15,005,612 5 1 .\ <» I' I ^l»922,3giy ^[•--(Decrease.) 13,499,502 39. '.668,686, 1) -t-lSSf + fv^) » ■i^. 1 ■I 4 ,1 1 m ■'V'« 690 H. Doc. 136. \ § o rH .s 8 «o 1 00 «» « ttf & f. T-l ©1 if Pan o a* o o to W3 o w 2 2 Ss S 5n o t^ o c» ■«? «2 55 CJO rl< lO »0 •<* O >0 (N • »H ! (jf 00 l> «J 05^ t ^ OJ -1- (N t- 2J 2 00 ^■** rH«0 <& ^ rH r-t r- O O O 0 OJ CO (9 00 C C90 lO lA J • • I • IN A 0) O «00 ,j( ;i3 S s > O O « ^ tH O o » CO eo t* o «o o H > w woo t^ (N «0 JlW^OOOi-lCJOB HOC* i-t rt CO* 5«oo«oooo 5 ifl) O -^ «5 00 0001 D WCOG^thCJWO n lo 'it o ^ ^ (O *ii a >uiO irs « — f^sJo" t^ .-< Ttt OD U3 T)t « l> (N W t^ OS^ (N « 0^ n^ d^ n ^ (f)t^^o rH OJ «5 WHHWl QO«Ot*Wt»WfflO| O(0iCC4C0O>0 0l 00 »0 C "N '^'^*^ >o » CO i> w MS^' CO O O t> 0* 0) hi t^«S O 00 '^ «S.HI «5 00 <0 OOOOOU OS O Tf< « O 05 « I '1 0- n .£f.2 9)^1 \f8Bt H. Doc. ISe. On the ist of June, 1860, the popuktioti of the United States was 23,263,000, and the rate of increase during the preceding ten years, wiA ai average immigration of 160,000 per annum, was shown to be Xut Three and one-fifth per cent, annudfy. At this rate of progresj Se inhabitants had increased to 26,237,000 on the Istof January 1853. But durinSe intervening time there had arrived from Europe 990,000 SliWantl which was 614,000 above the average for the same lengt S^Sne durbg the previous decennial term. This excess being added to the naturaf incre^e, and to the number of immigrants who had ar- rived upon the average before mentioned, the result shows that the noDulation of the Umted States on the 1st of January, 1863, was 26:841,000, representing an increase of 2,678,000, somewhat over eleven per cent., during t^e thirty-one months preceding. This increa* of population is probably greater than the raUo whicli ought to> as- sumed in estimating the-advance of the country m respect to its prop, ertv, productions, and material resources m general. Ten per cent may be adopted as a truer ratio, and upon this basis of computation and comparison the foUowing tables have been prepared. I the United States was ■ ^^'^'i^^ionofrealand'n^ ^ ' 6fi» le preceding ten years, ■ /ortAe years eB//;«„"r"**^ ^^^ o/Me inA^L:. mum, vrss Shown to \^ M 'the atelg^'^^f^^^ h ^^Sp, ij^^*«^«5» «/Me Unit^ Stat^ it this rate of progress, ■ ^ ^^"' ^ ^^'i ^rthabitant ^^ ^^' ^852, to^efA^^? be 1st of January, 1853, ■ ~^ — ;d from Europe 990,000 ■ *"•*« "d Territoriea (True rage for the same length ■ W ^ai*'ue'ft^*^~''N«'''-e««mated/p„ , • I ^ his excess being added ■ ^- ^"^ue ia 1S2 rS'i""«M A^«n«e real RQimgrants who had ar- ■ • I -I JanuarTi """PerBOft. 3 result shows that the ■- !___ 1853. ' J eS*^ of January, 16^3, was H k|^_ I y^« — 1___ | ( dividual."*^ '8,000, somewhat over ■Kwaipahfre I ♦122,7^'^7I I •eceding. This increase ■ i«™<»>t .".'*.' .■.""" ^S65!i,'83& ,^'^^.328| ^9 „ iowhic1.oughtto>a.|£r^-.----..^ ^:» I^Sa^i^ If-'il « lis basisof computati^lSj;;^;--; W^W ''li^M'^W ^ m I prepared. ■w.iwe :: f ?2a,496 ii5 ^'^•'^l^ ^^^^i-^^— m ,fl«MSia 288,257 694 ^f^-'^SO.SlQ asJ'!^ 300 '"■«.., 22,868 270 ^'9«8,285 1 m?r'^2 487 -' 228,95, ,X ^?'«24,765 sS'Sf 26» ea. / 233,^ 7^^ ^1^-243 m'S^ 293 5740473 ^'^'^V 574 g? »4 , 201,246,686 201 ^'^27 232(590 245 301, 628, 4M S'^?'354 l,m 9i| 188 ' ^''26^180 ^•f^>301 1 OBo'sfil '98 59,787 2S ^'B'B -*^,7bl 57.372 ' '^ «T«nitoiy... 986,083 1 Ai*^" 6,744 f the preparation of the for • :Tu >^« be^n stiS^^S^^^ment, the ta ^^ «»re ranid%«?°"f^' °^ course, S SL^ u ^'' ^*^« ^eea and Der^Si?^ "^«n oiSers. Thpr«' f„T^_ S^tes have advanced i---7!\ * personal nmnAr*«.~'"*°* ^"ere is .; Hi WW ^Vl! '.'i 't* h\ V :.-^^ 694 ]ik ^* '^*** ^^^•» «rty ahk wealth among the urban and rural population. It appearf from the census that — 140 cities and tbwns. 6f more than 10,000 inhabitants each, ^ ^^^ ^^^ To™ j;.4 rrgeTo?lr200- inhabi;;;tV(e;toted): l ! I'.Uoiooo, Total population of cities, towns, and villages in the United ^^^^^^^^^ States.. ----- ■".!'.'.'.".... 19',263',000 Total rural population ^ __|__J__ • -^3,263,000 The four cities of New Yor)., Philadelphia, Baltimore, . and Boston, contain a populaUon of - .^q^' J J J ""^ Amount of real and personal property -•----•;■ ■ - ; ; »7«2,000,000 1 Average amount of real and personal property to each individual in the above cities ------ • ', ,°A Aggregate amount of real and personal property owned . J Ty residents in cities; towns, and villages $2,812,000,000 The averagdibnount of personal property owned by each inhabit of citbs and towns appears to be $166. If the average among tl.e rnrS frerpoiSion be about the same, it follows that the aggn. lat^dStribSamong that class is $2,660,000,000. The total ainoM Sfred and l^rsonal property in the United States on the 1st June, 1850, j therefore, maybe thus stated: Value of farms, plantations, live stock, farming imple- ^^^ ^^^^ ments, materials, &c -- Vr'A,'""'"i ' ' ' Personal estate, other than above, owned by the rural ^^^^^^^^^^ . RS^and%''ersonVl*p^^^ in cities, towns, ^^^^^^^^^^ ui^'stE'smd 'state' stocks owne'd in the United Stales, representing public property and not taxed 1OO.000.0 Total value of real and personal property of the Uni- ^ ^^^ ^^^ ted States in 1860^ ........--.- • ' - ■ 'onJioga Add 10 per cent, for increase oi prices since June, 1860 907, *,J Add Id ^r cent, for increase in the amount of property ^907,136,« Total value of real and personal property, January 1, ^^ g^g ^jj^ 1853. ■ "j The subjoined table is designed to exhibit a general ym4 ^culture'of the United States. The -ggjCXSiesIr - crops art firal tM «fteate d, and^ ncxt the s ey^^^ ' ^^?^ ^ "Jt -^^i^ institute the fixed capital «£ the T«"»tural interes^^ J^b^' thought proper to assign one^urth of the v^ue ot l.v^ stoc^J column k «mual production, as that is probably the rate oty^^ create. The remLder, togetiier with the v»lue offerms and to implements and machinery, should obviously be reckoned asq .it a general view of j jate quantity and va"* Uemg whi ch are sup, iral interest. It nasi alueof live stock to H. Doc. 136. ' ' ^ fa ascertaining the avera^- «.• ^ * ^^^ £un-ent for jlnuaryy/lfl ^'""^ f ^'°P«' '^^ose of the N.«r V r t, fi«n of fifteen per cenfK'u''^''^ ^^^n taken an^f J^^ .°^^^rice «tion and commercial tf?^ '''^" '"^de, to cover etn ^^**"S«o« there- aiep^rturefromthfsrnf^fu'- ^^'^^^-e spedaldr? "'^'^ *'«"«?««- «he tehle. ™ '^'' '^'^«' they are noticelin theT""",' ^^"^^* ^^V^re in tue remarks appended to ToAfc ,A«p,„^ the amount and value nf.j *j Vbett. ?r« J indiiBooni. ... ■Orti 1.'; BiM J J Tohicco I'Cotton I vooi .........";; 1 9^ and beani I'lmh potatoes .', I *eet potatoes..' |B«lejr ; JBoekirheat JOmhard produce..".". iTWae V;,-- Ijttoeof producfl ;;•.::::::•«»".«»• bushels do. do. ..I do. ..I pounds. — -•-..do. ■•> do... •* do • -- -.'bushels. • do... ■-•'• — do... do... do.. Quantity ^43, 000, 000 1^.607,000 652,000,000 161.000,000 236,843,000 , £83,000,000 1,290,000,000 68.067,000 10,141,000 97,500,000' 42.085,000 5,683,000 9,900,000 Price. •1 00 per bushel.. S;;:i-;:: ^ --..do.. 3 40 per pound! 6 ...do.... 10 —do..., s«— -do..:: & per bushel.. S;;;.t , ?V do... 50-:. .do.. p«.auc;-of •i.;i;iS3rnl: ., ""'"•«^'^"r"^^p;;--^---- iBatter:... - ICIieeie. ...:::: pounds. |£m^"o"ti;r"gra.;-^;;i,i-;" popi.. do.. ■flnnp : pounds lu. __ ■ • tons., bpfe^: pounds. toe sugar.. ^''••- '"IWlCi "•••---•uO.. •uMdioi'ey:::; fc Jdidaughte^ •••••^^"J* f:^ ::""" ■•udeggs I 'of farms. > 344,592,000 116,083,000 15,228,000 .974,380 8,487,500 4,231,000 39,000 15,420,|j|ilK8 UPON THB>GHtiorLTtrSAX.° TABUbV 1. The crop year of l§49,*to >^htch the returns of the Beventh oensv apply, was reported nearly all over the country as a season of ** short! crop."|^ J^vestiffatioQS undertaken by State legislatures and agricultu ' societies pi:o)(e. th«it Uie aggregate production of wheat reported in ._, census taoles was below the. average by aj^jeast 30,000,000 of bushekj That amount, has been added to form a oksis of comparison for asce^ taining the crop of the past year, as given in the foregoing table, 5. The quantity of tobacco assumed as the production of 1853, eiJ hibits an increaj>e of more than forty per.cent. on that of 1849. Hht result is ascertained &om commercial statements, and circulars, the i curacy of which there is.»o reason to question. -8. The cotton crop of 1862 i^ estimated at 3,226,000 bales of ^ avera^ weight of 400 pounds, and t^»e average price for the year ij assun^l at ten cents per pound. The quantity will probabhr exce that ^ven in the table. Aole statistical writers have made cafculatioi showing the probability of such an increase in the production of tiiJ g^at staple as will bring up the crop of 1860 t» 1,720,000,000 poun^ 4. The census returns of 1860 showed a small decrease of the p5tatii crop as compared with 1840. This was owing to ^the disease ca the potato rot. That disease is said to be disappearing, and it is < sidered safe to assume' the production of the past year as about equal J what it would have be^n, had no such cause of retrogression occu during the course of tKe late decennial term. 6. The census tables undoubtedly present an estimate of the crop very far below the truth. In the State of Ohio, the ^intage i 1849 yielded more than the whole quantity assigned to £he Umted Stat Since that year, numerous vineyards along the (Sbio, in Missouri, and els where — some of them of large extent— 3iave been brought into a ca dition to add largely to the production of the country m this artid California and New Mexico, also, reported as producing more thanj quarter of all the vane of the United States, must become fertile i 'Oistricts. 6. The value of theproduce of market gardens is much anderstatedil the c^sus returns. Tne class of produce coming under this dea_ lion includes the whole of some nighly important crops, as beets, t nips, carrots, onions, parsnips, melons, tcMnatoes, besides numei mmor productions which are separately of small account, but coll ively amount to a very large sum. The estimate in the table is a r erate one. 7. The price of hay in New York at the end of the year 1862, ' between twenty-five and thirty dollars per ton. But the Quantity j thb bulky article entering into the trade of the country is relativel;! small, and the expense of its transportation to a marKet is so conl erable in comparison with^it&^ori^inal value, that the artoHttyauc $12 60, or less than half the selling price in New York, has beeoi sumed as the average in the country at large. 8. The item of the value of hides and peltries is a very imj one, amounting doubtless to many millions of dollars; but it is | sumed to be included in the value of animals slaughtered. .■\^i, H. Doc I3«. „„ pTbee«in»to,fo, , 69", Mm the ft^ k^? "'^ f "ransfer to mSi!^ ^ «»*=eptiblo, in, ^ tte .»i,or CrufSer„t'/'' '^'-'fi^X^ei?:?^ ^ X/- * « ill '^' ' i M f j n .<•!: t**H * *• 698 fi. Doc. 136. The foUomng ttatenurUs thow the nvmbet of num^actwring esteMish in the United States, the amount of raw materiaU used, the capitali vetted, and the total value of products, according to the census of 1850,1 Nuneof.StatM. Yalasofnw materittl. i Ci^iUd inveited. Maine New Hampshire.....^.. Yenaont .1. llMSMhOMttB — Do fisheries.. Connecticut Do fisheries New York..., New Jersey........ Do fishenries. Pennsylvania. Delaware... Maryland Virginia 4,iU. North Carolina South Carolina. '.Georgia \niia is gold. Eirked with a star i g on in the Census J ^' Doc 136. 69» «27,606,000 2,760,000 ' ™«»ufacture8, I860*, •"5 of home manufuctures,'i862 fee itpracticable ,„ bWng wiihi ' 's ' ' " ' =^'SlSi|g «.«! .nqurjr, like ,h„ o«f 7^'™ ''•» =oope of a generJ^^^^Tf ■ leading to valuable result, i, ^°""''' e^vartelvof ^ exhibiting the value of A ■ ' reon endiiij>— «30. 21 .1622 -lesa, -ia24. .1825. -1826. .1827. — .1829 — .1830. — .1831. — 1832. — .1833. ...1834. -.1835. — 1836., -.1837.. ...1838:. -.1839.. -.1840.. -.1841 .. ■ 1842 ^ue of domeatia | produce, &<. exported. "' ♦43,671,894 49,874,079 ^J', 155, 408 60,649,500 66,809.766 52, 449, Kip 57.878,117 49,976,632 ' 55,087,307 58,524,878 59,818,583 61.786,529 69,950,856 80,623,662 100,4.59,481 106,570,942 94,880,895 95,560,880 101,625,533 111,660,661 103,636,236 [•'■"•30 \^ I 77,686,354 rail interests, &{t .1844 — 1845... — .1846.... — 1847.... — J 848... ■1849 .I860. -1861. •1868. 99,531,774 98,455,330 101,718,042 150,574,84^ 130,803,709 131.710,081 134,900,233 178,680,138 154,930,947 Population. 9, 960, 974 10,283,757 10,606,540 10,989,323 11,252,106 11,574,889 11.897,672 18.280,455 12,543,838 18,866,080 13,886,.%4 13,706,707 14,127,050 14.547,393 14.967,736 16,388,079 15.808,422 16,228,765 16,649,108 17,069,453 17,612,507 18,155,561 18,698,615 19.241,670 19,784,725 20.3 87.780 Valued* capita. •4 38 4 85 4 44 4 63 594 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 53 i 86 I 09 89 54 46 60 95 554 6 71 6 98 596 589 6 10 664 588 505 4 1fii 6 17 487 yM» *^P^'^^^^^^»iJiiiii4^ta^^ 21,413,890 21,956,945 23,846,301 84,850,000 25,000,000 7 81 608 600 680 7* 6 19 '»»'et,8l4,000,fiMiuiefc iii^siii^ w ^^^iHI! V • *«i-W»? '-; "li^^Ell^^^^^H i' >j.,, ' ' »> - '^^tt^^^Hi .f ' "':*'■•; .. 1 '1 l^"i''^i"IY^^n^H ' ■M ^ .-,,*.- f M«'i^>«''€^ .' ' a^H 1 K^ W| ■> W' ,* . . i:-- • . 1^ ^ if 41 • \" '*•• *, •» 1^ «. Doc. 1811. ^ Per c«i*. i$ierea$e of d»me$tie export$. Yean. • 1821. to 1830. to 1840. to 1860. Amoant. $43,671,894 68,624,878 {,896,634 ^ ),946,912 ) 113,896,634 136, Per cent, inoreaie. 34+ 94 . 20 l-5ti Exports of domestic produce for several years, with amount to each in Yew, Amonnt. Population. Amount to eieki vidoiL 1830 $68,624,878 113,896,634 136,946,912 12,866,620 17,069,463 23,119,604 $4 64 10-1 1840: 6 67 2->| I860 6 92 1-»| The following table has never been pubhshed ; it shows that thl ports have doubled, per capita, with *an increase of the populatia about two hundred and forty per cent: m 188 m 1831 isaj 183S 183a 1834 1836 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840' 1841 .^. 1848 »»J«ie30,1843 TJ«iie30.,.1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1860 1861 1868 l^'^'fUcoiuumed ft' ." rf^uuttiyuiitti iUM^k^^iUiilftdi^Hi^liHiittl - .% '•'5«!::"' Per cent, inoreait. *• Doc. iflfr, f tashibiting the value of f^ • ' ^^ 84+ 94 3^tl . 20 1-Sti Ifm^ialkag— nberao. Md on hand. § t^ amount to each in^dh pulation. 866,520 069,463 119,504 Amount to eiekii viduil. $4 54 lO-H 6 67 W 5 9S1-! ished ; it shows that thef crease of the popu •<»,585,784 83,841,541 80,549,007 96,340,075 8*. 974, 477 79,484,068 88,609,824 »^, 49a, 687 JO, 876, 980 103,191,124 101.029,866 108,118,311 1*8,681,338 149,896,748 189,980,035 140,989,217 113, W7, 404 168, 0«, 138 lW,14i:519 m. 946, 177 100.1fl8,087 ,64,753,799 1«B,435,035 1 If. 854. 664 l«l.fl9l,797 "6,545,638 ,^HM8,988 147,867,439 1^8,138,318 ^419,005 358,613,888 te 308. 488 '^.886,208 2^,543,622 as, .'W, 157 *'.590,643 84,539,612 83,403.136 81.595,017 16,658,478 14,387,479 80,033,626 84.039,473 19,822,735 5 312, 811 80,504,495 81,746.360 81,854,968 18, 468; 795 17,494,585 18,190,318 15,499,081 11,781,638 §,558,697 11.484,867 15,346,830 11.346,^683 8.011,158 ?^i[^'315 13,088,865 14,951,808 81,743,893 17.273,341 141,283,836 60,^339 50,035,645 55,211,850 «3. 749, 438 60,434,865 66,080,938 66,914,807. 57,834,049 56,489,44i 83,157,598 76,989,793 88,895,5^ 103,.2ft8,52l 189,391,247 168,833,675 119,134,255 101,264,609 144,597,697 88,951,207 118,447,096 88,440,549 68,801,102. 96,950,168 101,907,734 110,345,174 138,534,480 133,8(«,6l3 134,768,674 163,186,610 801,675,718 195,339,941 -| 9,960,974 10,883,757 10,606,540 10,989,323 11.852,106 11.-574,889 11,897,672 18,820,455 18,543,238 18,866,080 13,286,364 13r706,707 14,127,060 14,547,393 14,967,736/1 ^,&79 15,388,„.„ 15,808,422 16,228,765 16,649.108 17,069,453 17,61i,607 18, 155; 561 18,698,615 19.241,670 19,784,725 80,327,780 80,870,835 81,413,890 81,966,945 23,846,301 84,250,000 84, aw, 000 \^'^''''»»«>»^inthe United State, for ^ i ^ L toeachi^Z^^'^'^^y^r.^y^thanumnt Tiv. Amoont. Population. Amount to eMk I indJTidnal. * < \1 ^675,099 107,141,519 164,034,033 12,866,520 17,069,453 23,119,504 $3 85i+ 6 271+ 7 09J+ .' «''. 702 H. Doe. 186^ V 1:1 . ."1^^^ :i»- ^« '*^PI The preceding returna, and ihose which immediately follow, arej sented to illustrate the chief object of the report, which is to show! value of the productions, and the rapid increase of the inland " changes between different parts of the thirty-one States, and the i tance of this inland trade. * It is a natural characterLstic of the North American peonle, influe by that stern spirit of co-operation which has so signally contrib to their present high position, to examine with interest the resulij their labor as exhibited in the advancement of its material or a lectual strength. With the progress of the former, whether of c merce, manufacture, :^r agriculture, {here will be a corresc increase of a taste for literature, art, and tte Sciences. It is gratifying to observe that no one interest outstrips any oth teregt, and that if one section of the Union is prosperous, therein^ responding improvement in another section ; and, in contemplatiw happy ptate ot the confederacy, we are proud to believe that "a has never been imagined any mode of distributing the produce of g' try, so well adapted to all the wants of man, on the whole, as tk letting the share of each individual depend in the main on thatl ' vidual's own energies and exertions." The principle of private property has never yet h&d a fairt any country but this, and in no country where such conclusive)! are furnished that the piinciple should be universally applied. Doubtless, the successful application of so just a principle is c owing to two causes — the perfect equality and protection oflal«r,^Biia... that prohibitory clause in the constitution preventing any Statef levying taxes on the produce of another State ; and although it ha egatea to Congress the regulation of the "commerce with fore^ tions and among the several States," the federal legislature hasi left the latter totally unfettered and free. Since the publication of Mr. Walker's celebrated report in 18 in which he estimated the internal trade of the country at three i sand millions, already mentioned, various causes, obvious to all conspired to greatly extend its area by increased facilities, and i its value. The railroads have increased from five thousand five hundred i costing about one hundred and sixty-six millions, to thirteen three hundred miles, costing four hundred millions. The imports and exports have increaised from three hundredl^^ four hundred millions ; the tonnage, inward and outward, from 6,fll^Brk . to 10,591,046 tons ; the tonnage owned, firom 2,839,000 to 4^ tons. The receipts into the treasury, exclusive of loans, haTeino from twenty-six to over forty-nine millions ; and the Califoma| the whole of which does not appear in the published returns—)' mercial phenomena of a commercial age — -nave also added a miHiCT» to^e^ natbnal^^i oromerce r and, mo r e th an any eva last forty years, have invigorated the navigating interest of tW try, and to a great degree had a powerful iimqence over tk^^»,^. mercial marine of the world; the whole contributing to " internal trade, and enabling the United States to own two-fifths of tiie tonnage of the world. !%»-»■« • r.'W- H. Doc. 186» aediately foUow, are! ort, which is to show! lase of the inland i/ ne States, and the i erican peoole, influe s so signally contrib th interest the resu of its material or brmer, whether ofe ¥iU be a corresn iciences. ist outstrips any otb prosperous, there i«tJ ind, in contemplati id to believe that "l ing the produce of i , on the whole, as i n the uiain on tbatil rer yet had a fairt 'e such conclusive) irer sally applied, just a principle is c d protection of laborj reventing any State' ; and although it 1 immerce with fa ral legislature hasi [>rated report in 18 le country at three! Luses, obvious to all,l| >d fiicilities, aodi usand five hundiedi ons, to thirteen Uions. nm three hundred I d outward, from 6,71 1 2,839,000 to e of loans, bare in and the Californiil blished return ve also added a re thaa-any e y a iting interest of thej il influence over i iontributing to itates to own I mland trade nioves in a. n'mi- . « i rtthe North, which fj^ ^^ i^^ f^ "f ihe import, are m, were as follows : '' ^°' ^® years 1826, 1840, r •,» V i wm ^*v:r 704 M, Doc. 186. Tonnage inward and outward. States. Maine New Hampshire ..i Manaachmetts ■ . - • Bhode Island ..... ^ ■Connecticut New York PenngylTania Maryland Virginia North Carolina 8outh Carolina Georgia Florida Alabama Louiaiana 1825. Inward. 696,097 Outward. 1840. Inward. 684,398 1,599,859 267,388 \ I 355,492 Outward. 1851. Inward. 1,396,194 602,305 865,859 3,779,526 717,909 h It is stated in another part of the report, that the resolutioDO Senate referred to the trade of the lakes, and as the trade of the 1/ sip^i valley would be justly entitled to a separate report, mlyj statements would be given. r u i if The intimate connexion between the trade ot the lakes i Mississippi river, and the construction of various lines of raili canals to facilitate the transporution from the river to the 1 from the lakes to the river, the circuit made by the chief articles J ports and exports, the importance of the ba8in;^f the rivers Olr souri, and Mississippi, the increasing value of the exports of the s portion of the cbnlederacy, particularly to thfe navigating interestj "North, render inaiecessary, however, to notice the chief outletid national products, as well as the chief inlets for the produce rfl countries. Although the materials are not at hand to give the ao* detail, it is hardly necessary to state that no regort on the uiteni in#ce would be acceptable to other portidns 6f the confedeni failed to notice the commercial"" importance of the Southenii States, and their great commercial mterests. Irhe adViantages to be derived from the facil^^s nowenjoyedl travelling public, and fbr transportation of produce, areofil character Jthan the additions they make to the wealth c^tb' In case of an unfortunate war, particular^ with a mantune . -which our coipmerce with the ocean Ihignt be impeded, the intercommunication ai&rded by the rivers, canals, lakes, andii •would still be enjoyed, and the domestic trade and commercei Mo be o flB ptqaratHt^^ unm o le gted . __„ :,, 1^:^ , ^ . As great int^t is now manifested as to what portiraiof! of the valley of the Mississippi shall seek a softhem market, tW ing notes, prepared in part by Mr. Mansfield, of CincumatJ found very useful and interesting by those eii^ed in thatPl .the western trade. The line of separation reierred to in «k - , fi. • I outward. 1840. 1851. 1 rd. Outward. Inward. 0* 859 1,396,194 3,779,526 ^tH 305 865,859 717,909 ' port, that the resolution^ , and as the treule of the J a separate report, -pnlyy le trade of the laiesi »f various lines of raili cm the river to the 1 lade by the chief articlejil B ba8in;><)f the rivers T' lue of tlie exports of the s to thte navigating interest j I notice the chief outlets/ inlets for the produce ofl lot at hand to give thear' at no report on the inten ortidns df the confeden tance of the Southern i ;rests. Uie facil\|ie8 now enjoyeij on of produce, are of W e ^ the wealfh f^'kr lam with a maritime pf night be imqpeded, the i ^ers, canals, lakes, audi do trade and commerwl ' as to wfiaTportiraof ek a softhern market, t dansfield, of Cincinnati,J iiose engaged in that | ation reiened to in **" if- Doc. J36. ^^ dividing the northern from th^ l ^"^ „ stationary, but varm« fi southern trade ;«i h,r « mg to the southward. '^^'' "^^-^he general tendeL^v" probably" NOTKS ox THE XMOU^X ^^„ ,,^^_ " ^ The competition between the soutir °"" ''''^""^^• n, or lake route, to the oppT f """.'^^n, or river route anr? .1, ..atesas to excite much Jm' ''"" '^^^'«me so strX .n ,7 ^''^"o^h- H of determining in;°'"'"™r'lly. ButC if ' ^/f^' K'« yUctx depart li-om Ci '^f"' '? '"''= the UadinlZntZM ^'omt C««a/, isiji. — ^f»-/- — ^°''«- I I Toledo isses. . -lbs. ■ '■ do. ..do. Beceipta 1.145,481 134,225 ^"^ 1,279,706 Clearance!. 1.673,243 4.301,418 3,097,662 Receipts. 66,157 1.711,652 ,686,847 3,076,468 772,248 315,343 9.132,323 2,464,556 FIJ^, ll^o^iy^e river than f?om j^lX'' ^/^'-^-.-"ch Cg^ *^-.^.HWious ports of thp nl • ^" investigation of The g«lua,Mian,ic„Vnty,le?y,S^ proves that\he count^ P^edo, and.the coUntr^somtfo^l'f/^^^^P'ncinnuti, is supplied ^^ana], about nipeLv mi 1 r' ".'" ^'.'"c^nnati. A poUt on_ .41 ¥ • *»- ;,'♦ HHI ( . -P 1 \ » ■ 1 T .y if H , i ''|-|ii h W P -rl-l ,1 ■■- ^'"1 l-l« y 29,812 187,618 132,844 n; Total 360,174 1,912,204 1,874,274 669,246 10,162 6,066 7,760 4,246,724 23,967 CleBnual 647^ 2,025,71 1,828,8 3. M'tuhngum ImprovemerU, 1861. rmar. Articles. Ha Keceipts. CleuiK* :?■■■■ .f.^rr^^ lbs. 840 3,000 m ■=V/Onee. . • Su^ar ... Molasses . do. do. 98(i| 1,557, T'^-kf ol . . • • 3,840 3,17^ 1 otai. ..--.--■-*- 1 M » I It aDDeaxs from an exatnination of the statisucs of the interi«r^ Soli^;^rernd"L far as Newark, Licking county, a, Ses from Portsmouth and 160 from Cleveland. ThP Muskingum improvement extends to Dresden, on m caJal! and tiLeriesVe suppUed from the Obo, at Hannar, as to Zanesville, Muskingum county^^^ The following tables show the aggregate of the abow are specLly shipp^d^through the southern and northern ports of 01 On the Canals. From Toledo and ClereliDd. ■■i.% . 3^'ifc 'f* fc' , ,^ ,— ^ '^ ^^:' t- 1 Coffee... Sugar. . . *^ Molasses -—- - - — pounds^ do. do. Total I 2,646,622 1,246,622 9,481,436 Fmn Huutl 161 wm ^Tf!"^*^ 61. •a «• Doc. 136. PoFtflmonth. 8. Receipts. Cle&noM )4 74 46 10,162 6,065 7,760 647^ 2,025,7 1,828,8 24 23,967 4,501J ent, 1861. | ' Hannar. 1 w Receipts. Clearuet « 840 986 ). 3,000 1,55J -• 3,840 3,115 statistics of the interior I canal, that the supplies] k. Licking county, ab jveland. ids to Dresden, on the! «n the Ohio, at Harmar.f jgate of the above uid northern ports of Ohiij als. From Toledo and CleroiHid. FromO POlW ft KflR VfQ 2,9 • 2,646,622 1,246,622 7. 6, 9,481,436 16^ -.,i Innce the value of il,™,. ? "^ supplied from thp nu- ■ loiio. From co„°aSU°^^'''"' '^"'^^ tt" ,".7- "f^^riy :ha«.p?ign coun^.'l;^, r/W'^ough Pi„r M atf^^^ ^ ' [be feUowing a,^ ag^^™', ^f™'' "early ^,e "ame *«""'' '" ™" — j^ ,i »'. lour, and wheat reduppH t^ a hk and hams . . , _ ^° ^o^^- -barrels, . Jfrd do. . ..[ Ive hogs do. . . j Tm .V ' ". JVo. . . ' iskey busheJs barrels . . ■At Cincinnati, Portsmouth, & Harmar. 468,462 66,321 21,897 74,000 711,125 ^79,873 At Cleveland and Toledo. 1,598,567 56,567 33,945 4,761 3»561,0g0 58,777 reference to the y^„uv '% of Hoar and sr^n^*^" '""■'" -'Ohio, .herefdS ,», , Jgh the nver nortq a u ' ^"""als. provigion« nn^^^L- I ""^ ^e K woof an,y r^ /."® immediate Ohio vX ^ ^^®- ^othine ^ "1£i ft J1!J \ ? ■ I ■A * ) ! ■, ■'^-: I . # 7(>8 H. Doc. 136. The followinff table of the imports of lumber, from the exterior to the interior ports, wiU shdw the tendency of that article at the presaa dale k nuiSt be observed, however, that the amount is a merel fraction Tf the whole, because the lumber .imported into southern pb is almost exclusively brought from the Alleghany region, down liej Ohio; though recently lumber has found its way through 1 olcdo anil Cleveland. **• , ^ Cleveland feet. . . TaJ/edo . .' .do . . . Cmcinnati dp . .'. Portsmouth do . . . Harmar - .do--. - • Lombet. 9,674,436 8,610,951 2,860,463 29,850 159,196 Total. Lath. TfankH 97,33^1 1,915,200 . . * ^. .*. . - vM^ I H^HI 21,234,884 1,916,200^ 100,S T '■ > ^ It seems from this that six-sevenths of the lumber imported! State by the pubUc works for the use of the interior comes in byti I^ foUows, then, from the above facts, that two-thirds the coffees six-sevenths of the lumber passing over the public works forconsur tion in Ohio are imported through the lake ports; but that three-foit the sugar and molasses, and nearly all the tobacco, are imported t the river ports. Sugar and molasses, the products of LouwJ distributed from Cincinnati through thcc.Northwest, even to the f of the lakes. , , „ , « , • _l Of the produce of Ohio, three-fourths of the flour and grain Ml ported through the lake ports, but more than l.hree-lourths of theij tard, and whiskey through the ports of the Ohio river, as will be by reference to the principal exports of CincinnaU, as connected* the above canal receipts. • i Jl Should the question now arise as to the comparative value «■ exports of Ohio, it appears from the foregoing tables that the expji flour, and wheat recfuced to flour, amount to 2,067,029 barfeb reduced to grain, W,336,146 bushels of wheat. But the exporj Sandusky, derived from a very fertile region of country, ana I Milan, have in some years amounted to 600,000 barrels, iBJlJ wheat reduced to flour; while there are also large exports ot g"" the Pennsylvania and Ohio canal, and from various small portso Ohio river. The total export of wheat may tlicreforc be set aw lillions of bushels, or to thifefr Hulhon^^ entiivalent to fifteen millions „. — , — of flour. In the years 1860 and 1861, the wheat crop ot ' equal, in the aggregate, to 66,000,000 busheld. The consurap »1.. iskey. iber, from the exterior to] that article at the presentj t the amount is a mewl ported into southern Ohitj jghany region, down tliel way through Toledo aiiill ^' I>0)C. 136. 70^ wo millions of neonl^ o* " lannum. We have S«n ^''^^ ^"s^iels eafch i^r^^ M ^^ •'*"^"' as the result nffK'^^r^^enitiillionsnf^r Exported.... •-.. * /bo ««« to on hand .V." V ' ' - -" " ' l^lo non '?°^ ^^^^^^s- 7,000,(|o « V'\ .'-. ('' Total. 36 61 63 60 96 ;84 Lath. Trabff.H 'i.gi'e.aoo 97,32H ... * /l -*- - - !■ . €5,000,000 1,916,200^ 100,9t It IS possible that t h^ «. • ====== i. hanffalf short of th.^^''"'''^ consumed mav pv. r^ nth ai, averagrcroD nfl^."^ ^^"'"edrKh^""?^' ^"^ the stock q.luson handVXt it^^'"' ^"^ ^«'n in Ohk,Th;' "• *""« '^^en, ^I»rt of. flour and "hi K "^"""^"^^ «f an^exoo^^'t' ! "^ 'V?°' ^ ^arg^ Weign count^fes lllloT^^r^^'' ^'^^ K S fs'f 'i '^^ ^^"^ port3 a quantity^f wheat ^nJfl ^" ^'^^^ that the State Lnl-^^^IT^^ «Frt of 1850. -^ On an t V ^""'- ^^"al to double hi u^!'''' ^°"e btrgeqjy.'''';'^ "pons five „,„,•„„, „f,, Of animal provision. ,1. r„ ""'"> and of oals irk. nf all ^« :_ . • .'■I. e lumber imported intotl e interior comes in bytl it two-thirds the coffee a public works for consiir (orts; but that three-foul jacco, are imported throi. products of Loubianai )rthwest, even to the f the flour and grain uieMw'nsidering the a^iculr „roi " ' ^f " ' ^^,000 «« ■r. and wheat reduced 'W :^: ■----*.":::' 3,0001000 bai^u 600,000 k of all descriptions ^■';--f> •::' •raojl-.-do... *' do 300.000 barrels. 100,000 « 30,000 U 50,000 u Ohio river, as will be j [icinnati, as connected i ncinnati, as 3 comparative value flfj ng tables that the exp( It to 2,067,029 bartel heat. But the exporU. egion of country, and I 600,000 barrels, im so large exports of graj 1 various small ports fl tay Uicreforc be set doi so large exports of 1 V( ■ to^ tte c e millions ol he wheat crop of Ol isheld. The consump ' 'H «se... »r... •^ . . . ■ • .tt . . ^'?? WO pounds. ■ 300,000 fcarrels." 100,000 30,000 ■••--• 50,000 " — •■10,000.000 pounds. ^ • • • 8.oo o,nnQ ^ 1,600,000 «« « « <( 300,000 .. 300,000 barrels. »,. ■• ""^'y ;i::::*" J market value of fh.„^ 300,000 barrels. « "P ^e total to fuU thirty TmZ^'^t' "°' ^""'"-rateU .J luuon*. The manufactures of --'f-': ^ f h I i •M *|t i, '<* i ' t I E. Bi I ill - -fit' ' 'T i I i I ' !•' '', 1 ,■ if. N * .' \ i - '.> 0f ik H. ,h Cincirfniiiti fcd other §^vns ext^rt^Ho f^kn cobles may, be W] d^n at ten "1111111006 |^ Jadditio«.|'j|p that?lh|^agpegate export of [ things pi'oduced wholly 'ij^in tlii|^^(^te, anO, loU . ^ibroad, Wy be J sajety estimated at fi^ll 'm^ 'miIliotl«pr a^num. Th|.(i|i.de ofj however, ^^onsists not%lj|.of its oWn ^i>dmfi,*'^^V^Mvhe articles iii^rteALJind^, of ait^e locaPrifeag ^^ jpwrt " "' " the various towns ^^^ipoidft'flf ^^^ imountjf* tb, one htfndred|«aii| tisvd||i^ mtuioss ^»' may be attained by'»Ci#SKreration of "the I it^ the most material articles for the port of I 1^ i/dr 1846 andl860, with, ike per cent, of increm^ Beir ,'. . i . .barrels. . ' Butter. ..........:. .kegs. - . - Candles . ,»,. ^.boxes.-. . Cheese . . .>. ... V- • ^-boxes. . . , Coffee . , y. 1 .saqks — Flour .l^rrels. . ^Irqn .... . . . i .tbns . . . l ' Iron. w , .pieces . . Lard.-. .". .kegs Xard oil barrels . . Pork barrels . . Pork in bulk ...... . .pounds . Soap ^ boxes. . . Sugar .hhds Salt ^ barrels. . . Merchandise packages. Merchandise tons , . . : . Molasses tons . Manufactures^- pieces . . . Tobacco. . -l^TOg n'^238 2^37 248,753 1,650 71,633 404,426 2,708 4e^ r^SS^. %- 23,603 2,106 9,046 7, 133 '' fi,87l^ 63,475 113,412 122,006 38,158 > 390,131 9,776 162,365 •223,245 26,110 224,254 4,753,963 21,633 13,000 36,759 1,181 {60 10 t03^ >78 tflgeii 'Decrease. This table demonstrates that the ej^port.; increased more than two hundred per cent. IncniN." 7per-cl 90 2,900 140 200 100 .800 600 1,400 200 1,000 700 GincmnaOJ t five years. ^ ge _^ pweFand^ tenden cyiriticreaB^^ 18 undoubted. There are many smaller articles not included in above. The total value of exports from Cincinnati is therefore estii™ at above thirty millior^s of dollars, and tl^ggregate value of its lo be sixty millions per annum. W^S Of the exports from [Cincinnati, aPfarge I manufactured « Is. ag^eg^te export of a, sold.?ibroad, may be Hi Doc lS$i fcwlu6h Cincinnati exrPoWo ; vf^jpercent. of increau. «r 63,475 1^,412 2 122,005 38,158 390,131 9,776 162,365 •223,245 26,110 224,254 4,753,953 21,533 13,000 35,759 a,181 360 InCT8«K,' 7per 90 « 2,90ff " 140 " 200 » , 100 « .800 » 600 " 1,400 » 200 " 1,000 " 700 " 1,400 •' 400 " 180 • 175 " 200 '• 90 " of Cincinnati J it five years. r-^'^-i-smimm by''colt0|^^ation of tkl al articles fbic the port of J l« manu; ifacturedi LIIinnficture8afi,en,Ti,: BbOen, engine*, machined „ llUmfiictnrMofle«eher,vixV Xt^^S.'"t''»'-''«^.t™n*.re-| t m^' "^ •^PP*" "<» «n, X'. ■"•' te?™'SKSir^f ■•■;■••• I Roar aod feed .. nS?«»,"" •wuiufww;;;^^*- \ f -i #5,547.900 I 330per«t 4,427,500 2.589,,650, .2.356,890 'IT 4,6^,000 130 HSir 150 1,300 4.191,920 I 3,000 65 51^ 5,895,0tfb' l;846,540 355,937 1.690,000 2,4S8,000 35,739,337 200 100 pe above classification does ri^77T7~ -— — ~^ Giy tTT^^T^^^^^^^ --'^^cal nj local. It inckdefe^»-^.L«'JpP*^^^^^ *^*'-' where the result ■^exported. #f^*^ '*^T^ W^ctures of whS^^^ ^Cincinnati, the. destination of th H^- ^ '^ ^ I ~ , a^ <* New O^eanltiia tt • p3MconT7 :;j: !HBBPW»WI 7^ * • ' ■>,-'3».V-?= t- ^^ •»! " 1 ♦ 1 H; Doc. 136. 712 This table demonstrates thai of the produce of Ohio — ^beef, porU Mrd, flour, and corn — nearly the whole quantity, as exported from Cin cinnati, goes down the river; a small, portion only bp the river; a but ^ small fractional part northward by canal or railway. On i other hand, coffee, sugar, ^nd molasses — productions of the South tend northward. Sugar aril molasses are carried, through Cincinnad to the borders of the lakes; while coffee, as we have seen, principa'^ imported from Bostpn, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, finds its way i the lakes to Cincinnati. The result of the tables hereinbefore adduced is to prove th the trade of the Ohio valley originates in and is controlled by iti All the produce, of Ohio, from a line running through Piq(\ia, New Dresden, &c., tends to the Ohio valley. All the tobacco, hogs, cau salt, and lumber of Kentucky and Virginia, for one hundred andf miles south of the Ohio, tend to the Ohio river, and by that route mo to Cincinnati. All the produce, of whatever kind, concentrated int Ohio valley, Ibbks for transport to the Ohio river, instead of passi northward by canal or railway — in the ratio of ten to one. The ai cles of sugar and molasses will, in future, be supplied to Ohio audi diana almost exclusively by way of the Ohio river. The consiructi of railroads, by facilitating distribution, is augmenting that tcndeiK and thence the business of distributing in Cincinnati is greaUyoni increase. For the same reason, jnuch of the coffee whicl^ has hen fore beei=i bought in the North will hereafter be^imported, at £ hands, from Brazil and Cuba, entered at the portpf Cincinnati,! distributed by the jobbing houses of that city. Cincinnati, being the most prominent city in the valley of the I deserves a more specific notice. f- ■" CINCINNATI, OHIO. This is the largest city west of the Alleghanies, and is situated] the northern bank e supplied to Ohio and 1 lio river. The construcli augmenting that tcndei Cincinnati is greatly on ll he coffee which has here liter be^ imported, at the por^j^ Cincinnati,; ty- ^.. y in the valley of theOal ghanies, and is situated J9° 6' 30" north, and Iflj [ts site is just opposite! nto the Ohio between T int from New Orleans a from Lofltisville, 132 mi 600 mile^ by the cou ■drii Philadelobia, 600,i K The population in " 50, 9,602; in 1830,24,8 This exhibition of ina ■ any city on the globe; a greater ratio of aug" ent period of ten year :onstruction, ari3"alrt", biwiness, must have M ;rowW?. The Ohio aixil Lh St. Louis, the next^ I air-line, cannot butbt* H- Doc. 136. 713 dvantageous to her business interests h^ m of country which has heretofore h'^S^ °P^"'°^ ^° ^^^ »^ade a sec- TXT '''•'^^'^ »^° cities '' ^'"^ "'^ ^«^^«« fo "markets of such A lull description of this and nil tu .g to or from Cincinnati will be found ri^^'I ^^ ^^"^^ ^'^"^e^ lead! TcT"'"^^ to suci, improvements '^"" P'" ^^ ^'^ ^^Port. Ihe commerce of Cincinnaf.- P"^®-, ^ ' «eson Ohio commerce, and ;v^ll''be !!oroT/"-,? ^^^ ^he preceding Iwing tables, is immense, em braciW .T^ /"^^ '""strated by the foP Inandnianufactures. TheWver ". .hi "•' '^'^t'^ ^^^^^y of produo- faljout SIX hundred yards in wfdCi^^^r 'J^''"^ '^' ^"^ ^^ ^-^^d. kto high water is about fifly feet in l ""^T ^"^ '"ange from kumes so low as almost to^foevent the n '"•'^^"•'"'"er the water Ts amers above the city; B^xieritw h "^^igation of the river bv vented a few weeks n midwinter .""^^"'^y' except they may be The succeeding tables, J^ep^ed-v^J^^^''^^ '''^' y '"ay be H''"^^.^"«'""^»'' eBrtheL^'''"''"" of the Chamber of kthe quantity and character of theTrHT"" ""^ '^^ ?"*" '" detait P during the period of five yelrs pas;?^ ""'".^"^^ ^"^o its com- 1850-'51, ISsL'ls 1848-'49, 1849-'50, 1848-.49. ,849-.50. ,850-.51. ,851-.52, 1,476 80,242 311 179,946 4,035 51,518 4,467 22,109 348 27 2,094 87,460 3,067 7,721 7,999 9,519 21,995 414 344,810 5,504 4,346 281 143,265 9,058 74,961 515 147,352 4,504 447344 4,908 18,146 1,059 38,317' 878 33,868 19,209 11,161 ,23,766 6,445 801 15 324 137,925 5,565 3,674' 7,487 2,545 49,075 718 649,227 3,688 453 97 165,940 8,55| 67,170 4^ 201,711 2,041 231,859 a432 U,527 l4»0 11,^ 1,169 / 34,946 25,712 12,062 30,280 111,257 31,037 8,259 11,043 2,727 50,9761 6971 489,195 5,508 1 1,047 1 74, 205,444 7,168 .91,177 I 441 146,691 5,956 j !,772 I 71,188 1,609 1,145 71 14,137 10,203 13,780 4,036 131.014 653 653,788 8,640 874 46 241,753 12,776 95,738 431 135,118 10,544 511,048 Vl» 13,254 ■ 8,132 1- <■ ;. "< I •f: "/■-.'^l 714 '•#« ii'^ rv*Da6. 186* STATMENT— Continued. Article!. Hide*, green . iSingV.'.'.V *k Hw^v^N IbB.. bales.. boxes.. bead.. ipg bales . . and steel .'.pieces.. andsteel bundles.. Irbn and steel... — ...... tons.. Lead plg«.. Lard bbls.. Lard ke««-- Leathert,r* bandies.. Lemoni .^'. bexes.. Lime..., 1>W»- Liquor . .;' hhds & pi(>e8 . Merchandise & sundries ..pkgs. Merchandise & sundries .. tons. Molasses ,...' bbls.. Malt...-fe hrub.. Nails »..*.....'. kegs.. (Ml..; ait .bbls.. Oranges boxes.. Oakum .'. -..bales.. Oats - - <...!. bush Oil cake '- -M'%8"-!?? -S 10,829 8,038 4,191 49347 645 197,120 34421S 827 39,-607 37,978 41,714 6,579 3,068 < 6X364 il»6 381,537 7,308 51,001 7,999 59,963 6,618 5,007 1,486 194,557 'l^ Pork and bacon ...... Pork and bacon .^ t^frces . . Pork and baconWKia t,*;^" - - Pork, in bulk. . .l^m ■ - ■ .2«bB. . Fotirfnes * bbls.. Pig metal..... '.|; ton" - Pimento & pepper . . jgiM* bags . . Hye ..-.(ifi^^buBh.. Roaini &o .^..rtj^L.bbls. . Baidns .....: boxes.. Rope, twine, A^l^i. ...pkgs.. Mce tierces.. Sugar *..hhds. Sugar "'•^'■l Sugar -— Hl?^ ^§#d.flax ^.-j...bbls.^. «bSMd, grass oo...; Seed, hemp do... Salt...: " sacks.. 8alt...v '^>W«-- Shot... ?.......'. kegs- Tea pkg«-. Tobacco - hhds.. Tobacco ° bales.. Tobacco .... boxes & kegs.. Tallow i...bbl8.. Wines bbls. &qr. casks.. Wines baskets £;boxe8 . . W heat bush.. Wool ...ISSBi. Whiskey.... bWs.. Tarn, cotton pkgs.. tarn, cotton bales.. 2,931 4,051 1,229 14,815 2,473 2,251 2,272 570,813 28,774 18,761 2,960 58,176 238- 187,864 29,889 1,768 45,544 28,514 48,187 6,975 4,181 61,878 4/176 68,582 837 52,591 29,910 55,893 7,427 4,317 1,423 185,723 1,767,421 M78 ^465 44^^ 9,249,380 17^i69 15,612 T^943 170,436 6,403 288,095 •tr- ,;^^,960 ^,365 22,685 f ,675 1.847 '28,869 5,928 510 76,985 76,496 818 7,412 3,471 1,311 12,463 1,829 2^683 2,101 385,388 14,181 14,453 3^46 60,902 - 799 186,838 55,168 2,019 49,197 34,173 63,327 9,680 4,183 56.482 5.802 308,523 4,540 54,003 41,982 83.073 5.049 6,819 1,799 191.924 27,87p 7,564 2,358 43,227 13,257,560 3,898 17,8W 2,568 5a,397 12,349 3,556 26,760 '13,005 2,467 , 15,570 4,432 314 110,650 114,107 1,447 9^2 3.213 887 17,772 1,225 6,874 4,296 328,699 165,419 5,568 262.893 25,484 18,691 ; 3.83» '"« 225.0& 66^9 2,570 59,413- 36348 31,087 , 10,399 3,377 57,537 1.465 ^9^)70 61,490 21,356 83,761 6,764 9,302 1,739 1^ 64J77 1,188 31,S95 14,631,330 / 19,649 16,110 2,027 44,308 12,511 1^648 186,678 3,494 174385 '"r 29308 18,584 3,612 20,319 4,104 68 50,474 79,358 1,567 7,821 3,701 1,697 19,945 3,688 3,401 5,060 388,660 244,014 5.577 124,594 / U 16i M 'f srcea mo men to/ mer rou 1861- ^6% hgk %■» *. 'Wf led. ^ 1 349-'50. 1850-'51. 185l-'ttJ Bi.' 'f.. 14,181 25,424 54X'| 14,453 12,691 !>^l 3,546 3,832 60,902 -. 799 "'<^ 1^ 186,833 225,0^ lU^ 56,168 66,800 2^10 2.570 lOJIM 49,197 59,413- / S'l'SB 34,173 36348 63,327 31,087 9,680 10.399 ujsfl 4,183 3.377 nlfl 56,482 57,537 5,802 1,465 308,523 4,540 M^O 54,003 61,490 41,962 21,356 83,073 83,761 5,049 6,764 6,819 9,302 1,799 1,739 liifl 191,924 27,87p w 7,564 6,277 2,358 1,183 43,227 31,S95 J,257,560 14,^1,330 16,5i!sH 3,898 y 19.649 17,2H 16,110 r 2,558 2,027 23,397 44,308 12,340 12,511 ■» m646 '^ i^^l 3,556 »%7^ 26,760 ^"29,808 '13,005 18.584 2,467 3,612 -, 15,570 20,319 4.432 4,104 ' 314 68 110,650 50,474 114,107 79,358 1.447 1,567 9,802 7,821 3,213 3,701 887 1,697 17,772 19,945 1,225 3,68» !^Ki 6,874 3,401 44296 5,060 9,16» 408.211 7.876; 6,4ia 7,587- 944 554 3,616 142,82a 31,775 172,409 36,368 11,32* 47,86Si 115,845 24^ ^ . 9,377 48,86ft 1.601 2,718 23,844 43,93» 34,398 131,660 3,»]S,9f3 .t m 'rii •■% Pii;npipifPM9impipnp!< ■ ^p- 716 Hv Doc 18& STATEMENT— Continued. AitiolM. Pork Soap Sheep..-' it. . boxes ^. ..pkgs.. .boxei. ..head. ..hhda. ..bblii. 1847-'48. ia4&-'49, Salt - 8«ck».. Seed, flu...... ,.bbl«.. UerchMidiae pkg«-- Morchandise tons.. Liiquurs - bbU. . Manufacturei pieces.. Produce - ,pltg«.. Starch boxei.. Tallow bbl«.. Tobacco kegs and boxes Tobacco ..hhds Tobacco ..bales.. Vluegar bbls.. Whiskey...... bbls.- Wool bales.. Wool lbs.. White lead kegs.. Pieces of castings No . - Piecei of castings tons.. 759,188, 5,556 11,095 1,400 11,559 39,656 5,057 8,785 341,363 16,848 9,364 42,412 28,8--« 8,177 5,682 9.352 3,812 123 2,753 186,509 2,-i93 7,037 1850-'61. 1851-'34J 210,049 21,466 10,913 94,904 17,609. 7,904 4,975 7,497 3,309 126 li888. 136^11 1,109 10,230 9,650 29,609 8,301 333 615,641 11,109 11,798 56,810 10,327 9,491 4,311 6,905 4,847 •77 2,404 179,540 2,156 16,841 40,294 54,399 2,385 4,753,953 6,2r2 21,663 460 13,000 28,585 7,144 443 349,181 10,350i 19,297 22,103 13,958 14,109 5,92r 18,345 2,856 160 3,756 231,324 2,725 4,836 50,857 36,266 1,121 A glance at the table of exports will satisfy the observer exports are of the same articles as the imports, and that the major] of the property here noted is merely in tratuitu, passing through I commercial houses of Cincinnati on its way to a northern orsoutlr destination. . ic i Many articles, it will also be observed, are much modified ml shape during their stay — such as pork, lard, whiskey, tallow, I These tables possess much interest, as showing the course of trail this point, as well as exhibiting its nature arid character moref* than can be otherwise done. PITtSBUBO, PENNSYLVANIA. The city of Pittsburg is situated in the western part of Pen nia, at the head of navigation on the Ohio river, which is formed M point by the union of the waters of the Alleghany and Monong^ It is in 42° 30' north latitude, and 80° 2' west longitude ; 230i from Baltimore, and 297 from Philadelphia; 200 miles from » burg, and 226 from Washington. It had a population, with its siih jn IKOQj of 1 ,565 persons, and in 1850. of abou t 83,000. The* merati(>n of the inhabitmitsortbe city proper ^^ in 1810, W 1820, 7,248; in 1830, 12,642; in 1840, 21,116'; and in \m\ its suburbs, 83,000. This number for 1860 includes Alleghany r upwards of 20,000 inhabitants, and some smaller places in ther jWleghany county, of which Pittsburg is j^e principal town, m h. .'/ ^r ■; !/.' inued. 1849-'M. 1850-'61. 1851-'34 2,310,699 • 3,451 17,443 "'"9,660 29,509 8,301 333 615,641 11,109 11,798 56,810 10,327 9.491 4,311 6,&05 4,847 77 2,404 179,540 2,156 16,841 40,294 54,399 2,385 4,753,953 6,278 21,563 460 13,000 28,585 7,144 443 349,181 10,3501 19,297 22,103 13,958 14,109 5,927 18,345 2,856 160 3,756 231,324 2,725 4,836 50,857 36,266 1,181 latisfy the observer tkl^ )orts, and that the major p irantitu, passing througli| ly to a northern or soul' are much modified in I lard, whiskey, tallow,! Dwing the course of traikj e and character merer IliVANIA. western part of Pen river, which is formed «t| Alleghany and Monon 2' west longitude ; 230i hia; 200 miles from ft a population, with its suh of about 83,00 0. The! oper was, in ISl^?^' , 21,116'; and in 1850,' 50 includes Alleghany c smaller places in the'" ke principal town, h" ition, in l850„of 138 098 h. • . ^**- .^llT'^ « Vg«r cy)itkliJi"?Sf '*'""*' 1840, nearly ^7.000 'esent at least, it offers ereahJ^Xi ^'"^"3^ ^xi evidence thn? . m «uiy other point. eS ^ " ^''''"""'^ ^« '^at bmndi ofir^S^l;!* thimhera pleasant sitcf and if "'^ ''7 ?l"<'lly between the two S; J ' '° 't" '"«• »»d 'he c£„„'"-,"'%«'y ""t trifling ei! Hibiitg owes her great mowth ■„ f'™-^™.«' unnecessary to describ.^ fcectsis the Pittsburg and Oleanr^n"'''' '^^.P^rtant "of aU ^ ^of the best agriculfurd counties bS.^^ ^'? Pass th^gt lenothadaccesstoa market, sufficemt ^'^^^i^."^ ^hich heretofofe H varied resources. ToCtTtt^th'^^^^^^^ H « *bout to be built fi-om ^Til^ft^ fn. This road will connect thn^!^' ^^ 'P"* ^^ ^^ake Erie, to l^alswith the western tSi^^f^:^ *^' I^*^ ^-^^^C ' Ion on Lake Erie. Buffalo win ^!^^^^*«™ terminus of navL ' Wg and other poSs oPfc W ^'^^^ 'V"' ^^^ ^-^^i _'od?,too, which eVdovs suoprinr ^7 "" ^^ ^ '^""^ct it)ute, and bv H. Railway tr^K Sfae j^fdl^f / «ver a], others in^t^ rolJow up the quarry indTfinftelv .1'k *^ ''"^ ^° ^'^^ ™'^. Mmment or cartage iTreajS ^^^^ by such a mode Hot fie done so ea^^. Sre 4^"*' V"'? ^ -^when arrived^at thelScSS^''-'^ ^^™ "^^« ^'^ j^f^atirom the ears into (he rnaT ;ro!,i °^ »stead ©f ijeifflr^ ' I' '"-*-. , 1 "fa ir • 'i ' j. i " ' i * 4 ./. . "^m H. Doc. 136. YT/ hand bv xvliich to exhibit the exact value of the forraeV; and the ca S^t^u^ns are but indifferently kept ataBVtime Below such , Euc dSrSe presented as could be procurecT mdicative of the cha ^ '^^^trt^ I't in operatic^ in Pit^|f^^g^ ^hirt^two furnaces and forges, with a ^^Xf^^ii'^S' T L <^piil employed in manufactures was f^^^^^^ at $2,^84,694.. The^ i^«P of the oort. in 1840, was estimated at 12,000 tons. ^ fn 1650 W^ing to the returns of the United States census i ghanycou^trhad manufactures of all kinds ^employing capital,. jielding annual pWucts as follows : No. of maoufac- Jtories. IHttsburg ... Alleghany city . - - Alleghany county 819 120 388 Capital in- vested. $5,944,383 1,469,790 3,441,721 Valudlf ma- terial. Hands em- ployed Totak 1,267 10,855,894 $5,677,890 l,f56,018 2,590,498 9,424,406 8,436. 1,817 4,400 .1 ^\ 14,853':: 16, $10,« 'mi ■ The great bulk of the above /aggregate ot nearly seventeen. ■ dollars Sf the product of industry is made ud of manufacture«<,t vaj kinds of iron, steel, nails, glass, cotton, clotliing, boots and slioes,cJ .net-ware, whiskey, flour, and proviSbn-packing. Iron, oi cours6,t , the lead, and enters into almost aU kindi^f ma;?ufactures to a gr« *^ Ittfroper to remark he^, that littS reUance is to be placedugl •accuracy of densus returns, generall\ifi matters «f business xvkH 'late to the actual substance of men^ intimiU.ely as the above q« ".indicate. Various motives instigate different, perspns tp give ra '" susceptible of constructions very wide ot the mark ^aitncd 9j1 Government— sometimes above, perhaps, but generally vfcry.far^ ,|ie real value of the property or business undergoin^investi^ Business men are proverbially^jedtloue .of all intermeddhng in t^ fairs ; and so, however good the qbiim of the modd cr may bp,«l innocent soever the instrument eftbfeyediM replies a^e usualj <;61ored, .Is it is supposed will best suVservft tli(f inteifests of their r ^iience^ «uch returns should be used under a hjjl viewof the Stances and with^many grains of allowance. I" ^"^ case of W *^ajid vicinity, aU commercial returns, Mtebcompiled, present verjl tferent rcsiSlts from those of the census. Wat City is well knowni .one of the most prominent in all the western vaBeys for the consrt .of steamera-bothot wood and iron-aji .j«»t which doesnotj ^^^mpeaf m-are^census fetams. • It ts «ai4:^gjc numt)e£A bfflt at this place, during a seriesx)f V^^V^.^^^l^^^^^^^ ,week. Supposingthis statement to be C9j«p\^"^J^«^;*^^^^^ machinery and joiner-work was induded^Wder those heads, *h| hardly probable, there is still the co.t of materfal and labor raj ■ .construct fifty-two hulls, unaccounted for, which, at the moderate^ .»■ s. "t"r of the former, and the ca t any time. Below, such a ircd indicative of the cha ittsburg and Alleghany .italof «1,437,000; thei, ted at $2,784,694.; Thet L 12,000 tons. S e United States census, i nds • employing capital, ■ terial. ^ Hands em- ployed ■if 1 $5,077,890 1,156,018 2,590,498 ^' 8,4^. 1,817 4,400 9,424,406 r^l4,653' . m te of nearly sevcnteein > up of manufacture»ol va ;lotning, boots and shoes, ( acking. Iron, of course, ti ^f maj^iufactures to agres eliance is to be placed upl 1 mtitters ^f business whkl intimately as the above qa fferent' p'erspns tp giver of the mark aimed 3t 1 J, but generally vfcryJar^ iness undergoing in vestigi 3f allintermeddhng in t^J of the moddlcr mayb{!,or| ))red*,.OT|[ replies axe usuar •rv6 tllc inteifests of their; nder a fijjl view of the cm ance. In the case of Pitti telvcompiled, present verjj •fllat city is well knowDJJ stern v^iHeys for the consi ifet which d(icsiwt| iKpr of Sl — «r— w a^'^r^c abouro co^teH^nd that the valuej jed^under those heads, vflr of materfal and labor reqiw for^ which, at the moderatei H. Poc TM. 719 , - :^St^^t±SSl^^^ ^-'" --^<^~ - five hun. "V J?*:%hr^lS.^S £:^f f ^' ^9^^ ^at many dfflgtheirquotatotheSLSCrclat 't'"''' ^"'^^'" '^P'^^^^ ^^ ' tisTinthe.twenty-^vfStios^vTnf.V, r,^''r^^^ ' kent varieties ofirW wX Tn S r AUeghanies-there were , . r 6f one hundred anTfonv intoll^S" ° • '^" ^*'°"''"^' ^^ '^^ «"^-' ■he principal, and, in W Smoir ^/'^^f '"vestment of $6,887,376. Jots of this im^e^ireipX^ rnarket for the ^at^/tf;i,0%r^"^ ^^ ,^'^ P^"^"-« "^ ^- fifteen LS teiZ?Z >'?^'" '^"T""'^ ^^"^'^'^^ manufactories is supplied - fflSr . ' located ypon {he several rivers which commuKe MrTe^^M^ neigh^nng farmer's during the winter season when rlabors^ftotrequlred^in agricultural 'oc-cupationl DZinr^he . ^and dehvermg It to the furnaces; felling tr^is, and convS the ' ' rt e»lve?t^ '"^''"? P^'^^"^^. ^'^^ the BuZltente Z Z pre empioyed m the majiutacturo of iron, affbrd abundant nml &k7^?^"^?* ^n^^ .agriculturists of the surroundin^nt^^ l^ntnbute la^Iy th tf,e ifkde and com;nerce of pSZ ^' rb mtaufaqjure -of glass is curried m by thirfy "hree iifferent - feW;Ss*^^F'i5l;'^t„- r^l^ leaLoted'foJT, ^ iCerrfnd Sn ^7*"^^^^^% cl'?«ed among its exports, than fcj ' l^ger dn^hioreyaluafeh, interest just descritied. ' Eu'riTt^r.^T'^'*^'? to- convey «ome idea of Ae principal < ^'^ . puncturing, in^ conkequeat commercial, interests J Pittshurff as • ^ h^I?n V^' r Tr'^i^ "° ''""'V.n limit to their capacity, Sr t« the > - ^?lT^"'"y (?*-!^"^'1^ ^"^P"tation: Wo od,«oai:o»es,andS- '' !» ^'' s-i. MsQarees,^. at MHii. d ia t he Vnost prS f usten, and^t tfelr^fe : ESlir«"""r?v: A^" *!''^^ '« wantL to^consti'tute PittCg- t Birmingham" of the American continerit%labor. " InX^'n '"rr'^' ''/i ^'"'^"'S "'■*' ^"^ly '««« important than "wiuiactatmg. The enrolled tonnnge of tlie port in 1861 was about '^-m h.i *•! ■{ t" ! t.^ i:i^ ■ < -■ '^a i .1 y '*i'' :4-" •. H !■ ♦ f-' «. l' *< J'- 1 '1 I T20 H. Doc. 136. 17 000 tons; consisting of 112 steamers, employing officers and ere J if 9 588 ^JsSs Sid carrying 466,661 passengers. Of the propertjl IS orthe^^eTsteame^rs, either as to amount, character, or qu J Srno r™^^ Z Sr^i^S^cLr ri cormerceof PittsWg. asmade to the commissioners ot the S. works. CrnivaroAive statement exhibimg the exports by canal of some of the articles during three seasons. Articles. 1852. Cotton *?- Hemp: --do- Tobacco, unmanufactured,do. . Groceries "*>- - Hardware, cutlery do. . Iron — pig ^^- ' ?' castings do.. «« blooms do.. Cast steel do. . Lead do.. Nails and spikes do. . Bacon --do-- Beef and pork bbls. . Butter -Jbs.. Flour ob\8.. Lard and lard oil lbs. Tallow do. 1,670,922 1,165,057 20,490,918 1,724,070 433,669 16,667,672 607,995 411,620 7,364,436 6,000 3,033,036 39,686,694 10,367 434,495 1847. 5,995,693 866,509 1,0^6,138 3,311,618 14,777,069 1,978,822 246,897 66,637 260,910. 13,836 649,416 188,078 61,760 12,713,427 41,226 747,646 297,940 6,319,378 62,946 1846. 1,0 l,287,i 24,696,7^ 1,571,81 I 2,6 21,66U 19 8C 2,929J 29li This and the foUowing tables include the amount of the articl«^ cified, moved from and received at Pittsburg on all the pubbc imp- ments during the years named. nployjng officers and cre\nj ssengers. Of the propertjj amount, character, or quaj o very sati^sfactory mode ( if ascertaining its charac*- aation' of the returns of i e commissioners ol the Sti 'nf canal of some of the i easons. *• I>oc. 136, \ 1847. i2 >7 L8 ro >& 72 95 80 36 00 36 94 167 m >09 1,056,138 3,311,618 14,777,069 1,978,822 246,897 66,637 260,910. 13,836 649,416 188,078 61,760 12,713,427 41,226 747,646 297,940 6,319,378 62,946 the amount of the articlaj 3urg on all the public impr \ Comparative statemen/ **«, ■ '^1 Articles. produce not specified.. lbs ■- - . lbs. Fgoods ] ceries . ^ [ irdware ion-pig ...,";;; castings. : blooms . ■ ^ bar and shjset.' .' " "do Md spikes. :..^jbs. bbls. -do. ..do. ..do. ..do. ..do. -.do. do. 1852. 358,231 43,087 237,616 17,102,061 36,117,244 17,885,702 17,457,753 20,225,658 814,300 14,235,693 15,292,015 156,500 32,644 1847. 1,257,620 21,360 312,239 9,927,605 23,201,074 7,833,925 • 14,501,693 21,979,353 124,662 14,942,390 4.397 15,886,711 19,926 1846. 871,500 19,080 386,225 10,290,99a 12,651,818 6,923,856 10,522,463 15,410,661 13,890,707 575,40^ 19,60a fmeta showing the immrt, n«^ '«^iures. Articles. ^ulturalproducts, not specified.. lbs. »»nd'8hipstu"ffi ^^feh. ^ ' do • — I — ,do. . . do... lbs. - tons. lbs. do. , ^JLj; • ■ bush^ls^ ■-.V. ifriiit . N.ai4-bw; Exports. 5 106,651 1,906 1,961 902;'( 400 , T.<>07,9224 58" 3,166,067 13,262;] wwa^p; Nail-. .\ ""t lbs ... ^v«-. p. unmanufactured" 47 do. --.bushels. lbs. 277,634 494,064 3,270 20,490,918 Imports. 358,f31 1,475 19,670 4,309 14^7 73 542,600 43.087 -(■ t < — r-*r . « • At] 76,8tRk#* /I. ■ ■- "a!? H. Doc;^136. STATEMENT— Continued. Articles. Exports. „,, . bushels.. Wheat -: lu, .Deer and buffalo skins ' " " do. ". .Feathers ' j^" " Furs and peltries - ^v" Tfry^ides "■['.".do".' Leather j^ Wool - .'.'.■cords". Bark - - - - - ^^^^ Boards and plank - - - ■ ^^' Hoop-poles - - • , " Laths, 16SS than 5 feet '^o- Sbingles. . .' - " "do". Staves. 'cords Wood • iKs Boots, shoes, andhats. ). ''f-- Drugs and medicines , ^^^- " Dry goods....; ■ ■■■^^;; Dye-stuff§ - " - " ^^ Earthenware ^^' * Glassware ••■• ^^" \Groceries. .....----- ' - " An ' lardware and cutlery.- - - - ----- '«o- ■ AcyioTS, foreign . - - ,. - '- - 'S^^^- ' 'amts - -'v- -- , " JordageandbaggingM.--.---^-^--^^^^-; ■»"•-' lbs., toneware ■ , jbacco, manufcictured -^^^^- ^iskey - Sa^g- Ashes j^jjg . Cokl, mineral ^^^^" Copper *- ;;v.'.*.do: ,lroi|,,pig:-.-- - . ,io castings - ^ — , iblogms iind anchors ^o. . \bars and sheets. • - "P • ■ l\ bars and pigs • - • •^^■- Nails and spikes ^^^' ' gteei...--^ :';:::do:: Imports. 9,839 , 288,048 390,835 197,3^9 190,258: 62^,412; 4,108,694- 170v 235,272; * 6,500! i49,40Q 60,000 5,000 2,83(J 186,981 412,98 5,38 68,73 1,075,705 1,724,070 433,309 3,164 33,728 82,883 168,4^7 6,753 17,O0O 779,8^^7 286,957 9,415 9M53 16,567,^72 607,095 411^620 7,364,436 fl,OpO 3,033,036 23,221 26,00ffi 237,676, 144,( 21,5W •2,603,l)( 42I,S '36,11];24 \m 4,746,19 34,987,7(| .17,457,1 .4,J 200^ ■ m 96,1 2,132, 6,929,1 TiiK \..^.-- ■ j^ _ Bacon . . , i . - . + • r - • |ef"ndVork.... ■■^; Butter Vli-;'' do . Cheese... -.....; ::-^^-^*;: JTish. 39,686,694 10,367 434,496 399>571 169 «k" B. Doc. 136. •Articles. . l^-: I 7^ Flour ^_ JLard and Jard oil jPried beef . , iTallowand candles "Brick ^uiT and mill stones time , . Me l.V" Biate forroolino- fton^' [gncultural inj3^,nents fumtture ! , ""•:■ Jils (except laJ-d).'". " taper and boo^s " " " w -.r." '• ■ inirjesf. .~. ._.___• : • ijap-stone ■nmstone ]'" I mb whitinff . ."']"" " ' Mt5 ixleared ?. * "sengers. ' .----Jiun 'untoftolirc'oliec'J !!T 'tmust be rememberer? *h^^ ~^i T^ — — — __ r.on the lake wTi.VJ. ■ •^., '^'^"'^ connexion with r>\ ^ /^i^^ynio ( ', ./. t: J"' I''' i'-i "H • I- « '• .v . • • „ r.axr; «« J » f ^^^''TS:.' the 8amf rate ot mcreaa^-lO P^^ "^"J- P ' inhabitants. Tlie n .„.« Loui-Uk -m -«a.n '^^^^^ ^JT a large ptac •^rtSess 'l! 4. 'S^<^««^^. and navigation. Louisville wnbarkpf? m tk ' \ • JDd still empfoys ThrJe'^ steamboat business at « v. , teistered at Louisville «„ ^'^^Port; there were sirfu «„^ V -^ ^^°^ ^ Albany. . ''™'"''«3 are annually b,il. a. t„„isviUe and ( ^- ^'^nufactures. I Louisville is a commercial nnA ^ «m,utacturing establishmms are «,.^ manufacturing town. Hence NCmcnnati. Yet, they Zt Infhf ''' ""'"P^'-^^ ^«h Pitt^^^^^^^^^ ^Mowing are the princip^? '" '^^ ^Sgregate, a large XZf. mdries ;_ hpand candieV." ' | 15 tegiDjor... , ■; I 6 penes ^, 3 ftOD and wool *' 6 %•■......'.'.' ' 3 land flour miOg 45 "««re ••- -I 9 26 ^ 930 69 120 30 135 1,157 47 446 0.&C. .., ■^- 3 1 11 8a 9 16 36 166 1»050 64 *1 ,392,200 409,000 184,000 108,600 173,600 941,500 283,800 Wgtp OO ^t '■^■[ 140,000 118,000 MfkOQO l.3W,500 176,000 ^f 1.1. , «, » J • ; #• * ^ III ^' 'i • 726 . :"*" i T" H. Doc. 136. The manufactures of Louisville (exclusive of mere kechanical labor) mobablv amount in value to six mimms oi: dollars per annum-cer- tainly a vety good foundation for more extensive operations. • "^ 6. Railroads. Louisville will, in the course of two or three years, have an extcn. sive system of railways. The principal lines will be as follows, v.: ^ 1. Lexington and Louisville railroad, finished; and will connect at Lexintnon with numerous other lines. .„ , , -.i , I T STille and Nashvill/line. This will connect her with the] pntirp net-work of southern railroads. I 3 J^ouisviUe and Cincinnati raifroad; which will connect her ^vith all the northeastern railroads. , • , n to*!,,!' 4 Jeffer-^onvillc and Columbus line; which will connect at Indian, apoiis with all the northern, Tndi.-ma, and m-higan>tTnes. „ 6. New Albany, Salem, and Michigan city line. This w.ll connrctJ at Orleans, with th^ Ohio and Mississippi railroad, anH thus make a , coijin^ous lirie to St. Lc^uis, and will be continued north to M.clngaa citv and Chicago, Illinois. .„ t • ii m, l These railroads, when completed, will connect Lom^viUe mlhk most distal^ parts of the Union, .md enable her to avail hers(:lf ofk^ ereat commercial advantages. , u,.J ,nJl Louisville is situated in the centre of a large district of IcNcland ^rich land. Its site for buildijig is .lipiost indefinUe. Provisions ard , chenpt and its position for commerce^one of , the best m the >intenorofl the United States. Its growth is not so rapid as that of some> but is very uniioriiW so that the growth in future may ;l>^ fery cej tainly counted upon at the same rate. Allowing for some decreasej the ratio of growth^and it will probably, in half a centurjft hayeidj a million of inhabitaVits..** . , . . , A statement recently published shows that ^here are navigatin^.i Ohk, and Mississippi riv^erS an aggregate\of 269 steamers, measun^ . 60,T92 tns, and^^which are valued at S^,8f ^000, that^can ji^ through the present locks in the canal aro/d the rapids'lat Lou.^ IJ Ther? are also navigating ■ funl aSeent fitness ofSt. Louis, providrtdil '"'''?"'* '''^^isivt of tbafS " f«progress of the mein'^Tr T 1 P""^ '"fill lier e„er„ios ,o„ "f Ky. Her conneJo ,Tw b o^^^'T™ f ""= '-oS?es „nht Ob ™ ''\'""'y decided n°tan™ ■;; ™' 'i"?"*'' CineiUna, ISd tsm^s^:;fctnSlv"5^-K?5^ ' ■nmerciaP wealth. It .iS' T' ^" P^^"^ "<' PopJfSn a^* > the mouth of thc^ MiWi ki '"^"''' ?^ '^' Ohio. 20 mi^sb^ • ■ t!v that of the minol HmrZJT'T^ '■^?"^^"^' «"d 4D mi£ ^^ V that of the Illinois Sf i If Vi ''""^^P^^ --iffluent •^^"'.and other ri,^?rs ' froi^ ,^ ' """'^^^•^^^' ^'^^ ' ""^f and Iowa, wit^.o VJ '"""/f ^ oastwani •:.*e Mississippi "eo^;^^7«^^l'>^- streams ^ ,'^"-' lands on their hnJl ^ "^ ^ . '"''■^ products^ h' products^ r isuallv '' " '^", '"'^*^^''^^'« '^'' m Ky to theQtl ren{-S"t:T'"'' ''<'n-cha„dil1 .i'",!: .^* ' \. west, fall extei?siver\ .,-»• Here->^ ^"^^^^supplies, f "P.the Mississippi ^" ' » ^ ^^^^ ^f its soil, and its rich this coui^y, there,^re ^e ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ,f immigration, does rLotroTeTer' ate rS^"^^^^ population and prosperity, | T^e c tvTs one of the oddest Frenph trading and military posts in tte Mi^tio^iW ^^^^^ tMcJ-^tvSSdrb^^ Shet 16,469 inhabitants, whereas n 1850 *^ """^"^^^"ooo souls and an less than 82,744 souls, showing an increase of ^^^^OO souls^ and^l ■ average rate of duplication once in ^ FJtSojBer population has been doubled once in 9j years; dunnji t>fe.^HKe in 9; the last 30, once in 7; the last ^0, oncem5)y^,. -AWBrn^^ ince in every 4 years. Such has been the v^mo,m^ :;^c^Wgrow o sS^^ Lm natural causes What, then, J So be'S^cfed as the result of the construction of ^er -m^n^ IcS to numeroTs deposites of lead, iron, coal, and copoer orj^ wS a drc^it of 90 miles, equal to the wants ot the whole M^ Zn v^l<^X^^ which have not, to this tmie. been brougk^ usT The lack of necessary means of transportaUon has heretofa. Treduded tie successfol working of these numerous "unes, thought^ EaveCen known to exi^i in richness rarely d ever exceUed. 1 complSfon of the "Pacific," the "Hannibal and St. Joseph " s7loSs and North Missouri," and other projected rai ways ^^ is how determined, will open easy -mmumcation wjth ^es^^ reaions besides develop ng the .^resources ot large tracts oi coint :S\on^'e other in SgrLltural richness Owingto^^^^^^^^^^ nntnrnl features. Ihe hidden wealth of which will be brought to i rdrende^X;Iuable through these Stupendous lines of internjlj ^^'v^etlr^eople of s/. Louis -nfidendy anticipate M^^^ ation of their present rate of increase dunng ^^^^^ "^^J. ^.^fL^-Xbib— her canacitv wdl be equal to the supportoftiearly 600,000 inhaWi^ ^^^^^ when Lr mines may vie with those af Sweden ^nd Great Bntmn,^ W manufactures Id agricultural Foductions, her r^^" tonnage, and her ag^egate commerce, may not be exceeded D.y oi" anv othei^tegion of the world. • v.nrnwn^P"^^'"--. rLre detmled account of the ^erent hues of P'jbbc i^^^^^ ^wpr.«ress will be found iu«ler^ prQper^ad,^n^th«F ^^rt,'axid their situation may be ascertainedhy reterencel ^STuti;1S,"co^^^^^^ annual statements, J^le sonlething of the growth an!l character of the commerce of St.1 during a term of years. , ointg . . . )(luce and merchaiiclise ar- either abqve' or below that and St. Louis is thus con- g depot for all the upper isins. To the vastness ot y of its soil, and its rich tide of immigration, does lation and prosperity, ag and military posts in the )on for many years as the I referred; but, until the last In 1840 it could claim but nbered a population of no | je of 66,000 souls, and an rears. She has, moreover, ;n years than at any fonner )0 inhabitants. During the I ed once in 9 J years; dun, I 7; the last 20, onceinSij ach has been the almost im-l al causes. What, then, myj iction of her numerous mtj lexion with her natural id-j I routes will give hereaajj n, coal, and copper orej,| wants of the whole Mis« to this timcj been broughtt •ansportation has heretofi) mmerous mines, though ^ rely if ever excelled, nibal and St. Joseph,"' r projected railways, wW jmcation with these minenl 5 of large tracts of co^ ss. Owing to these promi-' ich will be brought tol tendons lines of internal i idently anticipate a cd^ ing the next ten years, r )fhearly 600,000 inhabib ^eden ^nd' Great Britain,i ictions, her railway andi ly not be exceeded by I 1 lines of public improves )per head J in anoth er pairt certained by reference lo^ nnual statements, willi of the commerce of Stl 1. . ^- ^oc. 136. -y Article*. ISSi. I860. "•',-. hxaik.. bWa., bush.. ---- do... 7.&0. ....do._ *• •...caaka&tcg .'■••Jowa&bWs, «,6iift....pieggg ••-■-• -..sacks. ••— ,..bbl8.. • bales. --....pigs.. hhds. bbiT: lbs.. ^Is. • -.hhds. bbls.. boies. sacks. bbls.. -do... tierces. ••-•-kegs.. •CMks&tcs. boxes pieces — Mfeet. '••... Jf. •■■ .. ■ Al. 1849. 1.700,708 793,892 1.840,909 7»4,421 101,674 15,898 103,013 768,819 147 216,933 46,250 65,366 603,571 10,371 5, 640 8,872 90,736 47,991 29,^6 20,864 15,833 101,904 40, 231 14,465 37,743 14,460 16, 701 1,564 6,629 16,280 7,805 1. 1848. 1,792. 535 2,194,789 412 387 573. 94, 25, 25, 5. n, 73, 29, i 61,1 17, t n,h 30,0 1,380 1 >,383 ^29lj i,263| ,709 ,563 ,290 314 • «99, 693 1,016,' M^ 243,700 202:3al 55,508 57, 380 J !>7. 642 43,692 ,879 ,8671 ,336 .902 ,0851 .5011 ,tm\ 67,353 ,214 204,74]" '"Voe" 38,809 4J 2911 3^«' '2,' ^ 705,718 749 9, 014 I 9,3691 7,806 62, 097 29,758 26,116 14,8121 78,842 ,302 380 222 128 ■11,015 5,735 4,720 7],«77 22,239 12,671 1 20, 111 i 1,838,988 220,487 688,649 ?S,612 177,784 58,948 33,853 730,829 8,688 68, 279 f 67 21,943 21 77,767 15,801 18,8451 ate 6, 579 1 49,321 1 ^'^1 6, 14,676 ■■"oV 4,316' ^■ 14-, 180 554 32,021 2,150 8,595 1,71(1 63,306 29,882 11,603 5,762 65,128 14,996 26,462 im- H425 283 188 7,334 1,890 22,137 15,851 2,598 14,730 11,803 1,648 16,017 13,098 test; iit"^4^^^^ I Whence. I "._ j : TIE; '^'•W'" ^rv^'^rr--' ^>*fWW^^^ ^W^ ^ 'ifi 'j'l ^- ' ■/ ,■ J ,. , ..»f^.-,- ■'_: ' '■ ■• ;.■ ■-■ '-•. ■ ;-'-,-■: ;-. . . ■..\r',.- ^''^¥!rW^ ' S - H h- ■ ' ■ ■ " ;■' / ■■■■■■' ;<'.'■ ... , . i • ,^ ,. ' 1 • i' ; ' ■ . -'■v ' * • } ' '"^ " ■^ » Uil\;-,, ■' ■" * f »> " ' r ■ *• 1 ' X ■■■•■" / % ' r • j V'/. ■ ■ ■ ^ .1^ -<■,■ ■ - 1 ■, ^ ' ■ . • ' .' \ ■ / ■- s. ,-■••, « ' -■* , •w ' '- 1" ^vP;.'- ' J ■ V ■■■■.- . 1 # * • , J " -. ' .... \. , ■n ■( ... „.T. ...^-^.^^ " f ..;.:;... V-'"" ' -— " ' — ~ •"f ^ .■■ ',' ■' •.. /I . \ C"- •\-- , - ij ' ,, \ '_ ■"■- T ^ -TT ' ■ "*■ ■ , • '■'• \ ' ' ' 1 1 \ \\ ' 1 Wtl^^- '' ' ' '>'^> . ■■'. '.'-V' ■ \ .. 1 M i W ' ' \ ' •W , \ 1' , " 1 % ' w ^l'^ 'J : ' . \ 1 ' ' ifc'-' '. ■ ;-{' jl^ ■ ■ ii ^^^^^^^^ ■■■ iM ik. L 1 ^^^^1 ^^^H ^^^^^^H ^^^1 ■ ^B ^m ■ ^^^P^.: ' 1 RHRi RHI HHRRl HI 1 ■ m ■ MF''' ' • //'"■"■■■-^'ft'%': ';■■,!■.'■ !f^ w!^ f' ' . ' -^ ■; 1 P^::: ;■■■■ •^^•■V, ■ i ■ ■ > ■ fl • r '' v. , • \ Y ° ': ' " T^ '■■■ ■ i ' ;«:--»_ • , 1 ■ :_' 1 ' i. '■■ V '.-■ ■ ■ ■' '■' ■."■'"• . I 1 , . ' ■ '^■■■' '..*'... ■'_ ' " ' . • ■«st ■ . .. y ■ V"' 1 ; ,,^ , ,, , .... . 4.^, »- ' \ '1 1 \ ; :;•;■■■ '1 ■^' ■ ' ... , ■ '^ - .::] ' ~ ■ ■ ' , -■ - -". ' ^- •'' \ - '''» ' , 1 . i ■ ( ' •■ / 1 ' - ■»■ 1 ' ' i| >■ ■ ". " ' ■ ■ % :l ' . _ ' % ,,- " , ■"■■ ''^J!k 1 ■ ''^^Hk- "^^aMH <^ •* - \ i ^L_. ^ .\ __M...„ L..t-). .U.H.C-J-J.- , .. ^. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) ^ ,« >w ■■y* * ••A H. Doc. 186. i ggl 26 Tonnage of steamboats and barges was, m I860. .... . . - . . ^, Do -^^^--iT-Volfn ...-- **1'19J Wharf^ coUected in 1860 -y -_ 48^15^ Do do lo .----- • ■ ■ * : '^, , |-^ off the loss i ""^f Set »i^- "f ^°"'" "^°"'"°'' °' '""•""^°"" " foUows: ■ ........ J289,75l Sugar and molasses _. 133,41 Hardware, &c .^ . » 7 100.2I| Railroad iron '"[ 96,1 Earthenware : 81,i Tin plates, tin, copper, iron, ficc -- g^^ Dry goods and fancy goods _ 54,7 Brandy, wines, gin, &c. . .'.^ • * ] " g^J Burr-stones . . -' Drugs * .... 757^ • . Total. -. . Amount of hospital money coUectcd at the same port. .... No estimate of the total value "f ^^f .^r^k ^P' • 1881 ha, been made, nor, ""^•J'^^i^^Z^^IrX here' J 8ueh with any degree of ^-^VJ^-^y- ^"^J'^tXand d>e fH ville to WUte river, about ^^^^J^^l^„ ^elve miles below EvansvUle. F*l Henderson, in KentuAy. l« «»*««"« Je Sta^Kntucky, passing Madi««Al point a ndlroad has «^»;?^ytJS2^''suS^llne about twelve miles nprj J itogvUle. and Trenton, striking the *f"P®r**J°^i^ .ymUes; and sufficient fundiliif Xwd tl.e wholedi^oeta Kenttidky I. J««J^"3,7t\ 'point about centndtoltJ Mbiiribedto g'^d^./u'ert, Mid bridge >^^«^SrOhio river Tbis road pa«e.^ tlon of the gt«at Illinois coal flrfd lytog ~«J^ »\ »"^j^ „g„ Madisonville. is 8J feet ttt coal beds for about fifty miles. Thejwjt workable ^Inne^^^^ when l«i« roofing and drainage; and the "»!»•■•'?■« fK.i; feet Mr mile : and the coal canM ll^Sd with grades on lateral n«J- »f ^^J ^f ^S* ^S^loi Nashville and H . on a good road for about one cent a ^nP«'X„the stock to connect the reddue 4 LviSon a« now deeply ntere^Jn ."^'SKJntSy a^d Edgefield compsn,b.»j tance in Tenneswse, about fifty mUe« i '"^„*"* Nashville her fuel at the che.jK!*< 1S»5.000 of the stock. This road will secure t?„^"7|r ,?; g,,^.board from HonW Pa direct -mmunicationbgween the -^^ -a^-^^^ ^^^ portions of those States with all heir ^^•J";JJJ'„Xm so far as carryingu* ena be done when the articles arrive "^f^JX*""^.^! thoroughfares in the U«j«| ami the road must, necessarily. »»e ^ff^ £f2rioS3 production, «M embnudng, « It does, ^^enrvwioty of clhn^t^ ^^^ ^ J ^^ ^ communication to ^^ISS^'^^K tttwSXwm* U nearly " champagne" »!■ to M» grw* nork. The country over which K paw* «■"""/ and all UgUy agiiodton^ .. ' ^- i>oc. 138. I As the rivers of the * -^"^ '^'^HiOR. knver navigation, a fuIW^f k"*! ^^« '"osf SS,"'^^^*^^ Ners IS very desirable, esnS ■'^^. ''"^'"^ss traX,^' P"^" 9^ V?tonly the relative'val ,!^f u""^ '" this conneTinn" *^ "P*'" thoa^ «th that of/the lale^buf «f '^t ^^^^^e^ce o? the hI ^ " ^^"^'^ «how ktpoints upon the r ^e^s p' '^' ^-^^h«^ges a^^ "!,?' ^^ ^T?^d Kms have only been r^^.- ^^^*' ^ave^beC hi ' '^'"^'"^ ^'^^^- k in detail. It is Jho^^Tl^ fro"> a few of the mn .^^P^«««ed that" fe employed in that 3 * ^^''' ^^"^ever, to sStn ^ ''"P^^^river : >Per approximate sLTe^^' f' '^^ ^e.t m;Ss at uLn?T"«* '^^ton- fe character of thfS"'' *'/*''« ^^o^^merce of ^K ''^ submitting flmng into it, wiJ h ^A- ^^ 'he prinSo^f . !^-*?^ S^''^* "verf h'f^fae commit ^f the r"^^^ ^h^wHy thi'trf J^^"^ ' Mered of the hiSLt i,? ^^^'^ ^"'^s. Th^s tr«H f^^ '^^^^- n, who foresaw thTneVeTs^tv oT' ^^ «"^ "^^^ c^Sil^ ^^° i aug^ientation, as wpII / ""( "'^^'^ng provision! r^^^^^ ^^a^es- . |o Imve ever advocated", A''^ J'^^ ^hest^of^omm ' f P^'^^P^ct- t by private indSi ""'^ P^^^^^ onnt^7ZT'^ authoSties' , I Calhoun, in Ti^ ^W in eUerragr "^-«' -4 forlmprovixL^ 't^.^ ^.""dred millions 'd^r''' ''^«'^^^. ' "y'-containing within Tc r^ ^'^^"^ future, whpn^t- •' ^^y^'- ."^e miles, lyin^ „ L ' ^'"?'t« «ne million tWotfi^'^ immense^ iB,i «.« — -■ „^-iette.» ^"® attempt to reahV*. tfT ^^^^opa. miafii- ,t a point about central M*» ^ ^ *"'^ magnitude of if. iver This road paMei««*' trade on the MississinnJ nnJ • a ue oi jta.,, ■ Madi8onvUle,i88ifeet*«pubhc concern: BvS^F -. '^^ tributaries is now „ he coal caw, when i"-*** equal notice ^^uul "^ ""^P'^ advance and u "" '"^"er of mile: and thecoalc«i>b.^»g,"ij""ouce With the foreign tro^„ , . 'ts great future ,V ^:b if Nashville and f j«3 ^ore than either as one nffu ^^. '^^ 'radl of the 1 Jkl, to connect the residue ^W wnfederacy. ^^ ^'"^ of tJie main sourcPQ «r *[. f ^' u,d Edgefield company b«»foij^^ =^"^^^8 ot the wealth her ftfel at the cheap««"» ,. ■ ^ remarks from De Bow'fl P • i sea-board from iT^jHj^^; 'natter; '. The free and If ^^""'^"^ ^''"^ the interest th.t ' the centre of the greatW»nJand waters must nfl ""'nterrupted navitrafjon I? :. *' ,t and West Morida, »w «inUy, rphev «W ?\? '^''""^' ^ a matter of I^ " °^ ^'^^s* iication wai suppl y » " ''*» ^i !)e[f ^v ^^iFf to^thfr p Qp„} ^ nflfr »» ^P " " ' ^ ^ntet^sr ta &c., at about as che.p.«'3 over which commeSbe nn. i" °"^ °" their banks aVthT mall, so far as carrying «««■ Otate DOWfir*. o. ,.. ."^!y^? "Ot klUffS. nrPo,-^„„ xr *^ ^-' the horoughfares in the Vm dtural production, anflw robUc is no* being anw" I nearly " ch«mpa«M ■ /* hf'- ;lr.f- tr: ^ *t» ^ m feev nrl 5^^ ^^"^ the pale of envtrn!!^'^^***^^' ^an exclude hiew^fe^^ '^°»^^i«« which t^eir ^^r^"^' "°'' ^'ianceof 7812 H. DfiK^lSa. E ..-H /. could be allowed to deter the legiH^re d£ the Union from approaching . the solemn act of duty which is involved here. j The following resolutions were, with others, adopted by the Mem-j ^"ST^rcommunication between the Gulf «f Mexico and tkl interior, afforded by the navigation of the Mississippi and Ohio nverd ^their principal tributaries, is indispensable to the defence of the country in time of war, and essential also to ite commerce. « tL the improvement and preservaUon of the navigation of those irreat rivers are objects as strictly national as any otjier preparaUon y ' tL defence of the country; and thatrsuch unprovements axe deepedl by this convention impracticable by the States or individual enterpnseJ _ aid caU for the appropriation of money for the ^ame by tiie gemS \ ^^Th^'foUowing statements, compUed chiefly from a vduable ' useM report, aLady referred to, on the steam marine of the inl watersraSe presentea here to exhibit the necessity for secure mb pavigation, and as having a special bearing on the trade of the Mis •aipm valley and the St. Lawrencebasm : ,,1, "The order in which the several coUecUon distncts on the lakes i rivers of the interior are shown, commences on Lake Champlain, fi which it extends up the ^t. LaNvrence river and Lake Ontario oi Niacaxa river; thence up Lake Erie, tiie Detroit nver^jnd Lake Hil ronTto Michilimackinac; thence up Lake Michigan to^«po;Uiea across the Mississippi river, and down that streftm;.«pw urie #thus extending, on a natural hne of mterior na-Yigaf ion,'Miich W two slight interruptions, frbm the waters of the G^tf of St Law. to those^of the Gulf of Mexico, a distance of nottessthan 2,850 luj upon which is employed,for purposes of trade arid traM ^ steamt we of 69,166 tons.* The Ohio basm ferms of itself a cross^ fjap^e 1,100 miles in length, embracing simply the distncts onthatt 7**"ImmedSr^st of Lake Superior Ues the Minnesota distncji » collector at Pembina, on the Une between our owii and the Bn possessions, and a deputy at gt. Paul, on the Mississippi, w^ territory of Minnesota. This iS a new distnct, and steambo^J nloved on its waters have hitherto been enroUed at St. Louis, m Se years 1860 and 1861, three' or four good steamers ran regulajyl twin St. Louis and St. Paul, and Fort Snelhnff, two of whicti several large pleasure parties almost two hundred miles up we ^ ^te^t. PeteVs) river. A small boat (the only one ye buJt . Territory) has been runnmg the test year above the fells ot«J thony, 1,700 mUes from the moudi of the Mississippi. bttam«i earlier and later on the waters of Minnesota than on those ot.tMi of the northern lakes, in the same latitude. • Till. ikltuea b trwed fton Montred to Lewiiton on ttw "B"'""'"^ ,.^51 jma^tSSby l-SuSe lint IntemiBttei) to Buftlo; thence oc. 136. ^ Gulf of M^eo by the Mi..' • ' • *""' "^^ #" Mrtrictg. ^'°!:'"r!™i^!:^«;^i^^ Fofi^. I «o.-or Isteamen, Total 'New dirtricfc. I>iatrieta. 2,789 fe,4«(r.79» i.9l3 I 370,000 " ■ • • • I "j^ 24,3io V ' kr-* 784 :||rliDoc. :^$f^ 4linary by k>w-pres8ure. All of the river steamers, and all of the feny. boats, haw high-preflsure engines: Low-pressure engines have at sev- ■eral periods been partially tried on the western rivers, and abaiyioneA In the year 1818, three boats of this description were built on those wj- j ters ; in 1819, seven boats ; in 1820, ttoo; in 1822, one} in 1823, (me; in 1824, two; in 1826, six; in 1826, eight; in 1827, Jour; in 1828, tm;k\ 1829, three; in 1830, ^ 9. By the Mississippi and Missouri riTon , .-. S. By the Ohio and its tributaries .' ; » Total , I / AM CO III k Si il » i I- S I ^ B m CQ i \ (? \ ^ / a k j-Ar..;]'^.^>AwV.ii'ri£^fi£.VA^jii?i i: lallof thefeny. ines have at ser- and abaivobned. uilt on those wi- in 1823, one; in in 1828, two; in -teven; of which le, three at New le Ohio. On the e now compaia- rears very few rfj kates is LakeSo- ickjnac, with the inac. Following of St. Lawrence] 'rence river; | 674 I 594 , '''i^ main trade of each nf ♦u 7~- -^ Ll" i third, in a dSo^ • '^- '^"^^^ ^"^ Mic^''^ ^^}^ ^^hlg^n fmn and that of & ""^^"^l^ ^^ ^« co3^f jT^ ' ^^ fi^m ¥«tions of travpl ? "® *'^"^- The noinL/llk ^'^^^ ^"e and Hn«^berof na^^„'°^®"?^ only to incIuSf?^ ^^"P^ ^^ fol- ^^M> subdimion. Conveyance. •*t{v--. t ••••••. _ '•'* '•^•A m. ofjmmmgtn ' •mved at and departed from BdAIo. 167,861 14,300 ,86,880 Total. 119,800 AOOO 1 M * •■ k r < ^ f •m •if m h 740 ♦*• H. Doc. 186. Chcago ttAditiium. Connjuun. JBf ordinary ftouoet* ••• By propelliSrt ...'.. '■ •• "■"• By the Galena and Chlcaga Union railroyl By the DlinoU and Mlchiian oanal /. -• Total No. tf pa ne n g w i arrived at urf departed fren Chicago. 81,960 3,900 71,253 '42,770 T>* 199,883 RECAPITULATION AS TO TRAVEL. ^o and from St. Lodir . To and, from Pittsburg. To and from Buffalo .. . To and from Chicago . . Total. 1,656,757 Showing a recorded movement at these four commercial pentres the interior, (of the Jiforthwest, indeed,) of om million six hundred I and fifty-six thou^md seven hundred and fifty-seven persons in the I course of a year, where the resident population is but 217,946. Nol fact can: better illustrate the activity m our peqjpile. By the national ceAsus fcr the year 1860, tjie population of each ot| ihe four cities, at which tliis movement is shown, is stated as follows: St.Louis..... 77,860 Pittsburg, 46,601 ; with Allegheny city 67,862 BufRdo 42,261 Chicago...... ....,., 29.963 ■^^ Total of , the four pommercial centres .............. 217^ i.<^'' ■■ I ■ \ — ~-Ji' Doc. ( No. ^puMngm arrived at ia4 departed fren Chioaco. 186. .'88§8 :8 : rg :» o zj - .^ •<© •« I • • • «•• ■Sv! 199, 88J r* Number of p» ■engen. 466, 6M 199,eB3 -- l,656,n7 jrcial pentres ofi ion six hundred I persons in tbel It 217,946. M ation of each ot| ted as follows: ..... 77,860 67,862 42,261 29,963 ....,217,946 742 H. iDoc. 136. ••8 -I jS >• 1 1 ? i I <§ ^ SmSS oto^- 3« SOD ro op ♦ r^-NO 2 ^ » 5 SS8 I ill sea s K s t Thetc the lakes ended on mate. .B just so irn generally however, interested with refen mentioned terious dis A list, CO Ohio basin duction off beenprepa inasters eve This list ixNltS 80 losi thelen^boi depreciation I struction. ( l>y^iw,and The IbUovi CtoaMk ILm b^eolliiions Tb« I The losses Ikfsting of st< ■ftference to Ic p given at the |»eragelifeoffl purance therei /he history Wed States is |««»nal advanc< ^•ftyas tbei '"•eOhioriv© ^ "WJta the ye Ben fairly introd affiregatecan »mber of boats W tons. In Pl this numbej H. Doc. 136. Ta The total amount nfnrr^^.^ , *•* the lakes and river« Af^?^^ ^"« «'«>wn to have h^ a \, , ■i^tion oHu vX'T' ""^"S when W-iToiiSl "''"?' Numbar of boata. I Tow ejsj of value. •*•* I Jf,lOimO I 3,733,858 ~5,n6,757 Kiaall 8>366,oa» Ale losses su8tain<>r] tU^ l ^ _ fcooo ♦ ^^ wcreased to 210 o^j u ^^°^ ^817 to 1834. thft Rtia^iflli''? -- i^^^^^^^ m„°f "-"tot I "wnoepiiad been increased to 601. waters: in *r f 5> . 11 -I I* K., ,1* /jS f.-' 1 1 M 1 ^fc w ' fit- T m* r * 1 " il' ft,. J L i'J It '"I 11 744 H. Doc. 186. OflBcial reports nlade to the Treasury Department in 1842, stated in detail the steambokt tonnage on the Mississippi and its tributaries in that year. The following table shows the increase from 1842 to 1851, Compamttoe Btatemeat. Dutrktfc Ife^ Orleans Sunt Louis. Cincinnati Pittsburj Louisv: Nashville.' Wheeling Vicksburg Total .-i 1849. 28,153 14,725 12,026 10,107 4,618 3,810 2,695 76,083 Tonnage. 1851. 34,736 31,834 24,709 16,943 16,181 3,678 7,191 938 460 136,660 IncrMM. 6,683 17,109 12,684 6,836 10,663 4,696 938 460 69,769 Decreue. 232 232 The year following the real commencement of regular steamboati navigation on the waters of the Mississippi and its tributaries, (1817,|| the nirst steamer employed on the upper Jakes was built and launcbeal on Lake Erie. In 1819 the waters ot Lake Huron were first ploughedl by the keel of a steamer, and in 1826 those of Lake Michigan. Inj 1832 a steamboat first appeared at Chicago, and in 1833 there werel but eleven small steamers on the three lakes named. This date may| therefore be Airly taken as that of the real commencement of sb boat navigation on the upper lakes. Ten years later (February, 1843) a report was made to Congress on the number and tonnage of steamboats ibmployed on those waten ♦♦from January 1, 1841, to January 1, 1843." Though this is ava loose way of stating a matter of this kind, and does not give the I amount of the steam tonnage enrolled and employed in either on« of tl two years included — necessarily overstating it — ^yet the facts thus pn sented are used for the purpose of comparing them with those no^ ascertained, as showing correctly the steam tonnage of the year wh ' ended on the 30th June, 1861. '^A^S'> ft. 'iVlC^^Ur-:. i- H. Doc. 136. Comparative Statement. 745 Comparative Statmmt, 9 ■* ' m tnihkejofthe United State. a.'^'y- j° ■?.v;;: l i'teriorofthe United States.! Number. 164 ^53 318 765 ronnage. 69,166 87 «7,96rJSi 67,601 81 204,726 la I :>'•> 746 H. Do(^ 186. The cost of steamboats on the lakes and rivers of the interior, varies I from eighty to ninety and from pinety to one hundred dollars per ton. TaJsing the lowest price, which is that attainable in the Ohio basin, asj the standard, we have as the original value of the 204,726H tons of I steam tonnage engaged in the transportation of passengers and thef carrying trade on the lakes and rivers of the United States, for tjiel year ending June 30, 1861, an aggregate of sixteen million three hun-j dredand seventy-eight thousand dollars; an amount of capital tliati goes entirely out of existence, and has to be re-invested every three ar-"' a half to four years— the period of the "natural life" of a steamboat* the waters of the interior. • This fact indicates very cjearly the immense extent of the employJ ment provided and of Ae material consumed, in keeping up the stf-' tonnage of the United States to the standard required by the travel i trade of the country. |n Jo I I ^4^^ ■ i interior, varies dollars per ton. I ; Ohio basin, ajj )4,726i|ton8ofl lengers and the! d States, for t{ie| illion three huo-l : of capital tiiatl every three i fa 8teamboat( : of the emv ng up the I >y the travel ) ■*v' 748 V. ••3 u 5 H oc. 186. \ : 'f^" ' ^^^ States suani^rine. ^^ f y-— _^ g » f I officera, *^««wng«r«» • , _, ^ . ^ High. W. '^^' ' I ,>0 '■laamera I rco / I 1 I ^ 'f ' ! -____LJ^ I ''*| 50 j 5.861,845 • IM^WM. RECAPITULATION. »ofU«UmtedSute»-i„terior.. 212.500 91 ^f WMj' iw. ■ i~— I!L] ""*''"''* -lltf^^' ^'390 I 417.226 08 "'1111' '^•' Hi JByfer«y.b<«te.( Byall^ 11 flllj' — J j 'team-TeHela. '* t^ma. "•'OtteoMtdkkuMi .71 ~~" I •rflfceinirtor-aiTidon j ^'^**'"«| 4,097,910 if^Wf**** 3%mi07r~7^^, L |l|U|t|j K ..J ' '^■hhR }4^ » 1 _ 75^ H. poc* 186. MARINE DISASTERS ON THE WESTERN WATERS IN 1862. The annual statements of marine disasters on the western rivers andl kies, during the yeajr ending December 31, 1862, exhibit seriomj results. On the rivers, 78 steamers have been lost: 48 of which. werel snagged, 16 destroyed by explosions, 4 by fire, and the remaining loj by various other mishaps, such as collisions, vvTecks, &c. By these disasters 464 lives were lost. In addition to the above losses to the steam-marine on the rivers, there were lost 4 barges, 73 coal boats, 32 salt boats, and 4 flat-b The aggregate loss of property attending these casualties is not ascerJ tained. c r^ \ On the lake or northern frontier, the annual statement of Captain Gj W. Rounds exhibits the loss of life for 1862 at 296, and of property a $992,669. He recapitulates the losses as follows:. Amount of loss by collisions : 1261,1 Do. by other casualties - - 730,701 Amount of loss by steam vessels has been 1 > . . . 638,62( Do. by sail do do 359,^ '" Do. by Amer'n do do 907,1 Do. by British do do .... (%Vi Amount of loss on Lake Ontarioby Steam ....... $49,350 Vo. * ' Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. Do. on. do. .by sail 29,589 on Lake Erie, by steam 643,470 do by sail 197,830 on Lake Huron, by steam 16,000 do by saU 63,600 on Lake Michig^, by steam 800 do. by sail 78,020 ' 78,S 741,3 69,( 24,« on Lake Superior, by steam Of the 229 disasters here detailed, 7 occiiR^d in the month of ^ 19 in May, 24 in June, 16 in Jvlj, 16 in August, 21 in September, in October, 85 in November, (66 in one gale of the 11th and 12th,) 16 in December. Six steamers, 7 propdlers, and 36 sail vessels 1^ gone out of existence entirely. In many instances the amount of If as above stated, have been matters of estimate, as many must nee rily be; but much pains and care have been taken to procure, jn case, the opinion of competent men who were most mmiliax circumstances. v Thege statements show the whole number of lives lost on the w Teater¥in^852^oha^e bera: "^"^^-^ — ^"^ — ._== On the rivers. On the lakes . Total. ; 7S8 The city of New fV. ^^""^^^^a^a. s's«'Ppi river, about lo"n "', '' '^'f^afed on fho I a u nortA and Jong,'tudc 90o ^''"' ^^""^ i^s mouth infV^"'^ °^ ^^e Afis- the Ohio; 1,149 /, ^", S West. Jt ,„ ar!^^"'.!^ JatUude 29° 57/ q^St » year ore devote.! to 1^','',""' '""OmZt l ' "''"'''emiy 'earners may leav^ I "^fgnitude of wh eh h ' ""^ ^"^^^ trade iT tt^are flanked on pTh'*'^^'"^ ''"^k- The M.?- "^^^^^^^ of sevS ^rist. whether fbe 7?^^"^^ ^ '^---st t^ttSC?^^^^^ « JsfapJes of the vallev .^ ,' '''''■"' o^ cotton ^f. ^^''^^^ of the aim. ^ Orleans are ]3' • ''^ ^''^ ''eceipts of each^^f ^'^ ^^^ P^ind- «»ly channel deSL'""'-^«rg- HerctolC^^ Th'^""" P'-^'i"^ i ;^«portati6noLot^S?/ndsu^''"^"-^^ to7"^^r • «[. to market, and thni l^il T'*'"' Produced at ^ rvl' ° facJitllte ^'"^s wiir not W r "^""^^ ^^^ ^^a ofmthlf- ''^^"^« fr^^ the ? j wealth o7e ZSuT'V'''^ ^^rCetZ '^^ '^"^^ *«heap transit to fhS;":' ^ut the consf Sj'^;^^ r*^. anj «iintenfltDlant*.r<,T "y^^'^ven, will not onKTk °^ railways for ^^bmion. hZ .r""'' "^^'^^ is eminent 1^*^ ^^^ ^Sth « <^otton aod 4 ' t ^"^^^ ^^P«t of the 3fc t^^ °f exchange . /»^ "advanced'' Sn'T ''^^^"gh^^^^^^^ '^« trade with Texa?£''''P^^^'^^ly if necesi^ iTt'^^ '^^ i" the JH" export 3,^«^-o, '-^J^i the GuJf^; ^'^^--'ao an ex- •Dpanying tSiles sL u^^, ^^^ts will be fuNv .^ " ^^ ^ ^^rr "■^Ohe vaW^ '^^l' besides, a W l!^"^^"^ted by th^ ,t^^ acquisition of Clir • , ^"°^^ " generally byfts NotherS;i,^';^-J^tivei,npo^^^^^^^^^^ J *- ,"> . V If,' IM H. Doc. IM. In' ■ <1^ -T~K-* '••I befoi« The Atlantic cities, but ptuficularly New York, have received moa£«f tue California trade and commerce, owing to the estabhshment of linea of extensive oceon^sttiomers via Panama and Nicaragua, and the toany steams, and clipper and other ships, engaged in si^ch tradt' from those ports, sent aroun5 Cape Horn. Sanguine expectations arc entertained in New Orleans of the favorable results to that city, in re- soect to the Pacific trade, when the Gulf or Tehuantepec route is opened, either as a route of passage for shipd by canal or a route of transit by railway. Doubtless, these anticipations would be realized ; but, at tbe same ume, the advantages of sucli route, it is believed, -would accrue I in an equally favorabh^degree to the Atlantic ports. The capital, shij). ping, and seamen, suppUedby those cities to the whahng, Pacific, China, ind East India trade, could not r?adily be transferred to New Or eanJ even with the great advantagcs'such route would aflord that city. As the recipient, however, of the vast and inestimable resources of the Missis- gippi valley— which natural adyantage can never be destroyed by arti-l ficial communications from that valley to the AUanUc— New Or eajuj wiU maintain its rank as one of the largest commercial cities ol the^ ^°To 'present some of the advaflJlS^s enjoyed by New Orleans as i commercial city, the foUowing extracts are made fi-om an aitictepub Ushed in De Bow's iJcj;»cu; in 184G, prepared by the present Assistani Secretary of the Treasury, William L. Hodge, esq. Mr. Hodge W been for many years a resident of New Orleans, intimately and pej sonally connected with the business interests of the city, was fully coH petent to do justice to the subject wliich hie has discussed. Mr. Hodge says: . t- 'f No city of the world has ever advanced as a mart olx^JommpR '^^th such gigantic and rapid. strides as New Orleans. / " Her commercial life may be said to date after the cessioti of Loui iana to the United States, in 1803, as, previous to that hjitkoiffloercew^ * insignificant; and yet, in this sh^ period of about *! already ranks as the fourth city dtthe world for tl value of her commerce, bdng exceeded only by and New York. The foreign importations of Na\y York gready mmI t^e.qf New Orleans ; but if the^ whol6 of the foreign and cor" tre^'of both ports are taken intd^ew, it might be a pnatter of i v^l^jii^e 6i#, and possibly the vaiue of merchandise that enters! le^i'l^BHillf'U^I^C ^^ Mississippi, is not fiiU^ equal to that wh en^l^Hi&^lBandy ftook. At any rate, if it is not now, it will a v^^W^i^ J^ot oid»MBqgal but exceed it, and place New Orl^ the ffi^9^t»k of thc^B^ercial cities of the world. • * , "13be fifties and iconvenience of transacting business at New leans are fiiUy equal tq, and in many respects superior to those of other place. It is the centre of imthense exchange operations, and ( amount of fiinds can at all Umes be obtained at the shortest ""under good letters of cretEtTlmdbms negotiated^ with great readj and facility on any prominent point in the United States, or anjroti commercial cities of western Europe; and the banking institution ford all reasonable accommodations to the local wants smd *^ the cily. ^ ^ . . ^ -» ', r(i& *'• Doc. 130 c«;i^Ss^rS^"'^'^« '^ «how more aol...v, ^^ in oriM^^Tr^^' '^« site of th^ ,^ ■ ^"^ aJJuvial ^il of t „ • . Jth^clty. Out$id^e of f}.r. "'*' '■'^er below, and „ '''f '^«w.' ex^ .u^.' which in x„4 nW '^' ^^^^^f ZrS^T' t*^^« ^W hank.' and the water tadft^ '^' "^^'^ What ;r"n"^^ ^"vkJ lease the levee is adC£ . ^ encroaches nn tl i "called 'a Gdlin^ Ned and shipped. Thlju'' """^^ ^"^^ of mX^Zt"". ^^^ ^ater, h massive pile^fd.-'^J^^^^^^ • ■^•"^ over the' river "„^"1^ ^^-^ ^n^n ^^Sto thet^ '/^^ ^'^^ ' west steamboats and Ih- ^''^^''^ -^«fficienilv 1 '""''' ^^ ex- ated ah/>i,» • .*'"> /thick p^^nrnr tlrl' '°P«' ^^J o„Th:W '"^T' ^'^^^herZ H the whole surfafeSn' T '" ^^^« minxes aftl't '''^^"tices [merchandise. These 'u ^ ""^^^^ ^"^^ition to rece.V *¥ ^^^^iest Ncrown of the Wee .^ "'^^ "^ ^^ planked r , ^°^ ^^^^^ription ^d solid by a eon« '°'"^ P'^^^s 150 to 2on f ''^ ""'^ ^^^^/ioS '.-•- "^ • 'siir ffl ■ »e levee, and exte');™ » broad coiimon «»2. °*"' """e, K« "le very o^a* «. "i- • to^fiow to thos*. ,«k r^« iigM^es^Mia^W nvenieX ^ t.^^^ "^^^ to sfcip^ h°*"^"«inetthari?^* ^^ '"'"Facticrblet 1 71 "^^^^^^ ^^ Hence and ehorml, ''''^''^^tei in the cifv .f *- ^^"^'^ the vaS' ! '■ r^ i ( »-.' &i-'Ms>'«.i I gljg^ .// *«» •».: 709 H; Dob. 136. continued aiJvancement, Mr. Hodge proceeds to predict the future Seamesg of this depot of the commerce of the Mississippi valley and Se Gulf of Mexico. He alludes to the despatch given to \he discharge .'42. 53,728,654 45,716,045 1,063,^ -ife 758 H. Doc. 180. :StatemeiU thotoing {he value of exports and imports at New Orleans, anw- aUy,/rom 1S34 to 1861 inclusive. Year. 1834.. 1836.. 1836.. 18^7 . . 1838 . . 1839 . . 1840 . . 1841 . . 1842.. 1843.. 1844.. 1846 . . 1846.. 1847 . . 1848.. 1849.. 1860 . , 1861. Valua of exports. Domestio produce, Ac. $22,848,996 31,266,016 32,226,666 31,646,276 30,077,634^ 30,996,9^6 32,998,069 3a,866,618 27,427,422 26,663,924 29,442,734 26,841,311 30,747,633 41,788,303 39,360,148 36,967,118 37,698,277 63,968,013 Foreign mer- diandim. $2,797,917 6,006,608 4,963,263 3,792,422 1,424,714 2,186,231 1,238,877 1,621,866 968,763 736,600 1,066,673 1,316,164 628,171 233,660 1,617,229 664,649 407,073 446,960 Total. Value of imporb, ^ $26,646,912 36,270,823 37,179,828 36,338,697 31,602,248 33,181,167 34,236,936 34,387,483 28,386,175 27,390,424 30,498,307 27,167,466 31,275,704 42,021,963 40,967,377 37,611,667 38,106,350 54,413,963 $13,781,8091 17,619,814 15,113,265 14,020,012 9,496,808 j 12,064,9421 10,673,] 90| * 10,256,3221 8,O31,190| 8,170,015 7,826,75!^ 7,345,010 7,222,941) 9,222,50( 9,380,4 10,050,69 ^ 10,885,77^ 12,958,2 JStatement of the receipts on accdunt of duties collected at New Orleans fm 1836 to the SOtkfifJune, 1862, inclusive. 1836 1836 1837 1888 1839 1840 1841 1842 .1643 $961,366 86 1,422,341 03 694,132 70 726,447 76 1,227,131 19 1,143,322 31 862,268 90 883,234 86 386,696 29' $867,131 1,218,435 1 988,973 ' 734,578 I 2,115,219 1,666,845 ; 1,961,8591 2,319,370 2,282,082 iw Orleans, anna- Value of importi. 12 123 i28 •97 J48 L67 )36 1:83 L75 124 307 165 704 963 377 667 360 963 $13,781,809 17,619,814 15,113,265 14,020,012 9,496,i 12,064,942) 10,673,190 * 10,256,322 8,O31,190| 8,170,01! 7,826,755 7,346,011 7,222,94] 9,222,50j 9,380,43S 10,050,68 10,885,77^ 12,958,1 t New Orleans fro ive. $867,131 1,218,435 988,973 ' 734,578 I 2,115,219 1 1,566,845 1,961,859 2,319,370 2,282,082 ^ H. Do<*. 136. MOBILE, ALABAMA. Mobile is situated on a bay and river, hearing the same name, just at the point where the latter enters the former, and about thirty miles from the entrance of the hay into the Gulf of Mexico. It is in latitude 30° 40' north, and longitude 88° 2V west. The city is on the west side of the river, distant from Pensacola, -Florida, 55 miles ; from New Orleans 160 miles, from Tuscaloosa 217 miles, and from Washington 1,013 miles. It had a population in 1830 of 3,194 persons ; in 1840, of 12,672; and in 1850, of 20,513 : showing, from 1830 to 1840, a duplication about once in five years, and from 1840 to 1S50, a rate of j duplication once in about sixteen years. About forty miles above the city. Mobile river is formed by the junction of the waters of the Tom- bigbee and Alabama rivers. These latter are both navigable for stemn- ers, and a portion of the distance for vessels. Steam navigation on the j Tombigbee extends to Tuscaldosa, Alabama, and Columbus, Missl*- sippi. Vessels requiring five or six feet draiight of water caii ascend to St. Stephens, about ninety miles from the bay. The Alabama river is navigable by steamers to Montgomery, three hundred miles; and byj vessels drawing five to six feet, one hundred miles, to Claiborne. | Mobile bay is about thirty miles in length, with an average bre&dthl of twelve mdes. The principal channel from tlie gulf has a depth otj eighteen feet water at low tide, and on the upper bar, near the moulhj of the river, there is about eleven feet at low tide ; and eighteen toj nineteen feet at high water. Owing to this fact, vessels of heavy draught,! when laden, have to proceed to sea at high tide. 'The tonnage registeredf and enrolled at this port, in 1840, was 17,243; in 1841, it was 15,714J in 1846, 22,537 ; :md in 1851, it was 27,327 tons. The tonnage cntere< and cleared from and to foreign ports m those years was as follows: Years, 1841 1846 1861 Entered. Tons. 60,648 77,190 66,^84 Clewed. Thns. 83,276 97,051 121,266 Total Tons. 143,8^ 174,24 176,94 The region of coimtry around Mobile, and flankiiig, Mobile river its variojus affluents, possesses a soil of the most fertile character, whici being reduced to a high state of culture, must look to Mobile as tl depot for the shipment of surplus products, as well as the en9 13], 156 206,772 269,037 204,242 3W),089 185,414 Bales. 95,917 46, 005 ■■«, 973 63,290 61,812 39,293 66,821 68,789 49,611 53,645 49,544 Bales. 27,048 26, ;J73 11,927 44, 525 29,070 19,784 20,824 52,8ll 18,885 26,903 6,919 ice of J Bales. 144, 626 96,029 111,452 140, 993 120,350 1J6, 674 115,164 130,601 195,714 1J3,668 77, mi Bales. 575, 104 418,525 325,541 539,642 439,.'-,«l 306,907 415,681 521,238 465,462 479,245 319,038 !^.,!?^^"^,«"t exhibits "Wvated durir .i, ^^"^y ^^"^e evidenc t «^ !^^e rcfst^--^ ^-' P^semed ^ ?«» °^ the ^ opening of the Si ^^^ ^^'nniunicaiinn ^'^^ '^ « cor- *« «ports of cotton ^iri^'' T ^°"bt TraZ "^'J ^ "^^rket. '? of staves, JuXr i*^ observed. BeSlS^^'^"^! increase '^ The bus nl ; ' ^"^ "^^al stores are .?^ ' ^''"°"' « ^^ ^'^a^foCsT "^ ^^^^« ^S^ 5 ine last three I 4 < I I' Atfe let, \-"' i.'s^»;s(5^j^~i*'« ^e2 H. Doc. 186. a,»fc^^ Aamine the avanCity «« ^\ ^^^,^3 tremity of the Union, resources for sundar employment, eq'jaUyF ble to them, and as advantageous to the confederacy ; and th realization of such prediction may injuriously affect the trade jndini ests of the British colonies.' One great advantage of the souAm cries irt. that the y may b^ carried on throu ghout the year. Su^q -"lion^S oc<;i$ktion of our hardy eastern fishej-men from theiisM now used by them to those appurtenant to the State oi tlonaa,y also be accompahied by a large i^creas^of the vessels bu^t n State by mechanical labor now employed in the eastern i^ffH ' businefe. The injurious effect upon the similar mterests ot the ^r colonies can readUy be anticipated, and particulaiy when it is m ||*:w «e papers. Doubtless JC "'T^'y »ntl co4nt v T '. ' , ''^ Ravine ^ at the two no ms 7 ^" '^^ ^-^^ensive foS ?^"*^"^«d for ^ ^gjof inferior Ce ' t'^^ff ' "^« ^ompS f ""' "«^ '" Pro- «. by operating fro^ k! ''^?^^' '" ^^^eTvt ' ^J "^^^ ^««£i«» ^rFcuRar Poi^^tion k. ''^i,^^^^ and ibm thn^^''^'^^^ ^'^^^ na- "^ofFioriSa, and' tt Pent' '''""t^^" -i t ^o^frM^^^"^ ^« 'fiom. the depredations o?''' '""^^^"> coas of thi r/^'T^^'the le more generally subl.v .''?V''^^«J enemy wj'' ^"'^^^ States, »«« voyage that^Iarl 'f *'^^"^ ^^'ling-vJjselffh " i'*"^"'-^ ^e- jsco, andfurther sonfP ^''^^^ fr^m Ariantir rlw ■''?^ ^^ cir- [frooghthe ''WinrL""''*^^'*^"^^etC^^^^^ theGfifof Rjand around Caprlr-'"^''" ^"d gSn1h5""\P^««-ge, Ned. thereby savin? /"^T"' ^^'^^ boSndfm" /i^ ''',"^^ ^^^^ of Wwd i^provemlT, r '?"' '""^h Points SjT ^"""Sas. and "'passage bva mnoi -lehuantepec shnnU u * Nicaragua. J -ar to the two p,4s deS^n'ited ^-.^^^ of pr^^^^ "»ngst the topics refcr i • ■ "^"^ *^e immensely »^igecrBecomes on^ ,„,.^i. Jh,^"^ decrease of thZZ^^ ^'AU,' -./- W1 766 ^ia. Doc. is and home consumpUon of ncej and other proouc ■ H.*Doc. 186. o, and others con- ■thereon referred to Th ^ ^ '^ lereito, and the acr ■ » foreign countries rh.«fl„ k ^PV^^ Mississippi, or wPBf««, c. . ded.and inumat^^ljualavpageof^riat^^^^^^^^ 3 most remote sec-lStates, is less thSn «27 nKnnP^^"''^^^ ^"r the IsLttenv^ r ^^ ^■ , are % vrWch the|«rried to foreign cSnV'^K^^\ Mo«t of all /h^^f ° ^f'^' fr«jn all the •ed. .If theinterestjiuKl^astem Stales ami '? ^^A'"^'-'^^" vessds ownp.S'^- ^'^^"^^ ^ and injured by for-i^ction. The r^um "1?^^^ ^? ^'"^^'-^ eCrL';^*';? ^^^^ r this vast empiteaij-cu, a,* cluefly ob".W^?f!l'-P"^^^^««d with the^2./^™.*'^^««»« r, to which lhat% that, upon thf^^' luable for usejjiK, entive talent/»6f* means of suppl^i immqrce. A cnea] I from our illimitabli its procmeraent lereto, and the a(vl» foreign countries chiefly brSTJf''''^^^^^^ ded, and mumate|y«jual avpageof the last exl^r,?o"S'P'"«^^^^^ N™ heart, that ,h° "h T" i'''^" ">ing» insnire i„ fk infinite and varied rJr^f .^ °^ ^oremn foe<, tj l °*^^^ ^of, and impreSle7r ""^^ t'^'^'^ Statf? render I ^^ • ^?^ ^^* «rcial or otherTdusfrin? ""^ ''•^''"' ^^^ abJad t'\n^'"' '"depend- .tnctions, or /rSS ^T'^' ^ '"'^-^ -aSiT f^^^^ 8 means and abilii v /.? . . H '^^«^ that we havp wf.l • P*'^'*'^^* dthey also show Lm?' '"^ counteract ^v Ind n ^nr^^^^*^' pros^rity of olcomi." P'""^^™'^" of our^uS t/"'*'^'^*^ '' |%Dear Sir: In reply to vour mn, • ^^^shington, 1852. hon of that merchandLe 1 '^'^P'"^ employed in the t™ n ^ Crop of the Unitw Stcapabililies of tl ^9^Volton Zm,"(. ifthe hjcreasedpro lestinies of this c ' on. This topic L is deemed proper^ itton afforded by t' ifluence of the int ivigating interests is, in the conduct j preservation of pe ns that afford pro. josed by self-inteHi [ to sucli products manufacturing W le basis of their cc disputes, or con i effective in the pi er formally and i )ur domestic ei^ bout $1,258,332,( 3,000. Of these tl before mentioned exported upward^ mount of $65,1761 >f $40,000,000 is rf lufactureinthellnj expdfiei in 18» xceeded two thoi J of the crop of 1 bles show the pn and other proam 'i-i»3 h'r: the kind of goods shipped coastwise ; and, of course, nothing even ap- proaching to the correct value , can be ascertained from the outward manifests. Perhaps the m6st valuable cargoes shipBed in American ports aro those by the packet^ships to N^w Orleans, from Boston, New York, and Philgdclphia, and I have no doubt that some single- cargoes are not unfrequently worth one million^of dollars, and that lialf a mil- lion is a very comihon value for them. Some four year^ since, one of these Boston packets— a vessel of 1,000 ton^was missing, and con- siderable anxiety was Telt tor her safety, jmd from the inquiries made as to the amount of insurance effected on her'cargo, and the ascertained value of some of the heaviest invoices by her. it was pretty well usmA tained that her cargo was worth $700,000. When it is recollected that the entire supplies of the States on the lower Mississippi, and a large portion of those for the States higher up th^it river and its tributaries, are repeived through that city, the magnitude of them may to some extent be . appreciated. The value of goods Arriving at New Orleans from the Ainer-f ican AU^ntic ports, 1 should think woold, at a low estimate, be at lead fifty millirins of doUars; but, in order to be perfectly on the ^afesidein" this respect, I ^vUl estimate at that sum all the supphes thus received t all the 6ulf ports, including New Orleans. Mobile,^ Pensacola. St. Mark^ Appalachicola. and all the ports of Texas. , , ♦ cr. J The value of foreign importations at New Orleans is about fifteed milUons of dollars, and for the otlier j)orts of-the Gulf not less than fivj iriillions more. nvT /^ i r n .u Very correct statistical details are kept at New Orleans of all thei ceipts of produce from' the interior, wiUi thequanUty of each; and i annual statement is published, with the estimated value, based lipontf .-current prices of the year, approximating, probab y, as near, or mod ' near to flie true value thtin such statements usually do. Thes6 st meats show that the value of this pMuce annually received at NeJ Orleans fi:om the interior ranges from ninety to ninety-five mUlions I iloUaxs; and allowing ten milhons for the local consumption, it woul leave eighty to eigh^-five miUions of d<^axs as the annual value the ejporf trade of New Orleans. \^ . MobUe exports little but cotton, and thelv»«age^eipt of wb^ there, is about 600,000 bales, worth at present prices abotrt$22,000,lW The Exports, including cotton from the ports of Florida, and those Ird Texas, may. '^^ the aggregate, be safely placed at ten miUions mo .showing a total of exports from the American ports on the uuii about $116,000,000. \ 'h ^, i j„„«„tpJ Upon the above data, then, the JWlTementpf the merchandise epteri and leaving the American ports of tlie Gulf will be as foUows: I ^ . . _ , • $20,000,(1 Foreign imports g^OOO,! Coastwise imports - 115 OOOd Expor ts .... >. * Makfn atotalof ....j --- 185,000,fl as tht afgregate value' of the'merchandise shipped and receiveJ ThJvf^not at hand, for reference, the record of shipping amj m f^r : H. Doc. m. _^ J Stwi the ocean at New Or] ' " ^ -tVv M«". pom oT'K"ku':^^""-«y P-»- to aTff / Inade up in rounH fliinn„ •. ^ Mexica AJt}inii,vk .u- "^^"^ ^"G E-j. four, wtrlo ;z™v"^V "^^^^^^^^ Mo<«erecorrf. „/ . journals and nnV„ '. y'"'"> the daily mfv.lM^'.u" """""S « the Cec° vS" •n.portation., . ^^^ t^"ly and sincerely, \ P' l>HWor,FB ANZ.HEWS, Esq. ™- J^- H6pGE. J — \-' 60 ;JJ o ^' 770 H. Doc. 186. Letter from the Hon. E. Carrington Cahell. City of Washinotok, House of Representatives, August 29, 1862. Dear Sir: I cheerfully comply with the request in your favor ofth lOthlhst to furnish you memoranda of the works of internd improvd mel ailfor t™e imp^^ement of rivers and harbors heretofore unde Sken in Florida, ancf which it is anticipated are to be undertaken bj ^aeZr^ government, or by the State, or associaUons m i ', andj, J wL as to the general resources of the State. You can use these notef r^^y manner you please in your forthcommg report to the Tr« Sr?is not, perhaps, any State of the confederacy that can be moil benefited by the^ construction of judicious works of internal improv ment, and by the improvement of its harbors, than Florida. Thirty.), S Sve e^lapsed since the provinces of East and West Flondawa S wssession of by the Umted States, under the treaty of cessd ctclurdTnTsig. V works of internal improvement, except t| "King's road," in East Florida,mnd a short and small canal H coml ed) near Lake Okechobe, and De Brabme's surveys, in 1 &cTwere commenced by the British or Spamsh governments whij the pTovLes were under the control of either of those powers; a since^Jheir transfer to the iJnited States, various circumstances k combined to retard the development of their valuable commercial,, rJcultural. and other resources. « »» i .l tA TKrtifications then^near Pensacola, that at St. Marks, Ae forJ St Aucustine. and an old defence caUed Fort George, near the mol of^tS St. Johns, were all the f"il"ary ^ a" Utc.t«en8oftheState^T^^y^«ofthefeC^^^^^^ ^od frauds ^P*"* *« the Duke of !i "^^^ »» the con- |'^of^essionS°""K '?*'^""«n Ro«^os cLh f °'/^^ C^e^ah^r L*il to tCS *^^"^ '^^^^^-tedTrnd r£^^^ Ntbegram.. g' ^^..^tiH claimed bv7hr^ !?°"g^ '^"uMed I*' J' ■ 1 l^ r 1^ K' 1 i t ii^ /^■' l^lfr^*' * 112 fL Doe. 186. r^ ' sections to below 28° (N. L.) off the peninsula, was effected ahout iSTui^Serle treaty^ made' with the chiefs at Camp Moultne J 1823 Though this measure opened a large portion ol the^count to setdementf and when adopted was generaUy commended, exp rLnce h^ proved that ik was iryudicious policy. It has been the Sc c^use of subsequent troubles, and of great sacnface of hteim Srooerty by d^e peop\e of Florida, and of immense expenditure ra^edeml goLLent; tlie responsibility for which, as befor stoted has beeS most unjustly attributed to the inhabitants of tij S^e ' T^e measure referr^ed t'o has put back the State at least afiftj of a century. Four large bands or towns of Indians, located on M Apalachicota, remained there till 1834, when they were removed peacj abV, in conformity with treaty stipulations, to the Indian territory wd of &e Arkansas. In 1836 the Semiiioles,Miccossukies, and othertnM (cmcentrated, as above stated, pear the fastiiesses of the peninsula, , Stance to die enforcement of treaties stipulating for their em.grat, west of the Arkansas, commenced predatory hostihties that soon npenj into open war, which lasted for seven years, and was attended with M limite^^and plirtially creditable success to the federal governmenMr Tofficers, eWr in arms or in diplomacy. The best measure adop by the United States during the war was the "armed occupation of^ 1842 ; though the policy pursued by the federal government, in I execuS>'n o? tie law,Wl ?he act of July 1. 1/48, was p^sd. creased its benefits. The contest was abandoned by the Un ted Ste in 1842, an "arravgement" with the yet unsubdued Indians then hi made (similar to two others after 1836, which they had vioated) the general officer commanding the United States regu^ forcd Florida; and which last ••arrangement," mdi^egardofthejmj treaties, Stipulated that those Indians, headed by the chiefs Arp.arka/ Bowlegs, might remain on the penmsula. Tlieir whole number.ii estimated, caSnot exceed eigjht hundred, and they are on paper r,m to prescribed limits, embracing many hundreds of square miles in j Since diat "arrangement," repeated disturbances, attended by bW shed and the destruction of property, have occurred, owmg, it is aUJ by the citizens, to the depredati\)n3 of the Indians outside ot the cui reserved for them ; and, on the oUier hand, asserted by those niD to the people of Florida to be occasioned by the encroachments frontierpSpulation upon die Indian reserv-ation. The officers f federal ^vernment have not restrained the Indians to Hie h«nte « mcm.?io«;" and while this duty is neglected, colhsions and coiifli tween the savagesandthescttlersneartotheines are inevitable. J - Je now being adopted to effect the removal of the few hundre^ riors and women and children yet remaming (and it is said in ai - of destitution,) on the lower end of the peninsula, and wluch ett ^^ hop e d may^suc c e ss fi d ; but if tfehul, gomin a^ .mwS^s wilf certaTnly bo taken by tlie S^/tc -government lo at« «vU, so blighting to the prosperity of Honda. I is a stiiking fact in the history of the provinces of Fbnd since their first discovery by the Spaniards, nearly thi^e cen J^ * half ago, they have never enjoyed twenty ^W^7^'.f "'J *nd tranqiiUity, undisturbed by domesUc waxhke conflicts or 14 ®- Doc. ise^ lostile invasion. Thev hav« k ''^ worthy and valuablJcvf, 1 ^n^'gration to Florfdn K ! T"* P^periy N^'e?^^ t?H?- V'S^^^^ - - " <— K have bee„ a seriourt^S«,°gaj.jfed. for .e" tal^X^.^f ^i 'lK«e wlM^SecTth; t/';'''"P'i™o?Se i:„.rH'''g?^- This railroad is now owned chiefly by General CaJL Thi <:ost of construction, of rebuilding it. and of repau-s, has probably bee. 4260,000 ; but it is generally considered to be a good investment, li is intersected by the contemplated great Central road, hereafter spokef of, it will increase in value. The Georgia "Brunswick Company, hereafler alluded to, it is understood, desire to connect with this road and projects have been in contemplationXo extend the Tallahassee rr- to ThomasviUe. Georgia, and to other poTnts in Georgia, without reterei to the Brunswick Company. Such extension wUl add to its importan Plank roadi aie being projected at several detached points in H ida, for short distances, and-one several miles in length is now in couri of construction from New Port (a rival town to St. Marks, situate few miles above it, on the St. Marks river) to the Georgia hne. A smaU private raUroad was constructed a few years ago, lei to Forsyth & Simpson's extensive manufactories and miUs, nearW dad, on Black Water river, West Florida ; but it became usek and has been taken up. , , ., , , -x^a In 183$. a company was incorporated to build a canal or rmlroad connect the Apalachicola river (through Lake Wimico) with bU seph bay; at which it was mtended to establish a shipping port tor produce brought down the Chattahoochie. and Flmt. and Apalacto nvers, and from the surrounding country, and for receiving and u 1 ^ i ; . .. .1... ;.,tjt.T;ft»- an A fin n n vfil f o th e oit v "^ " ' — wardhiK merchandise to the mterHM*. ana as a xivax. lu w^ v»>.j y^ i Uchicola. A road about nine miles lopg was put m operation, bur consequence of the diflftculties attending the passage of la^sw boatsthrough the shoal waters of the lake, it wa« abandoned in J .and another road running from St. Joseph, north, about thirty m lola, a village established on the west side of the ApalachMJOUh a I ^n with 1 Nends up\^ ^ofdeorgi wem are n .j.-j* *.!* m^ ■■ I fi- Doc. ise Jlw^e the Chipola river wp, . ' ■ '^^ preMeh of tbf fo!! ™ excellent harbor,3v'»r ""l^'y ■"■». ^Ge(i-gia. Majiv ^ ''''^ ^^'^^^ "P ^nSToldZ ' ^^^^ abandoned, homuiucation aIon» tl,, ^TTi ""'■ and esnecinlir^S? .? 4P'»'a- k ".d coj^ii' upwSS^^^/H»<^Wc<,r„'^l Sf r*r ^^P" ' M>^ some HT?^^''*'^""' present. '^™' J'e'^s ago; but K/e O-kr^giSZ"^'! "' "he city of g, A„„, ,• 'fi bay,) thp PK^. I ^" *eUow rivers hh,.^. l „ ^<""o, the if *^"" ^ «^''y sis't^ '-''"^ plMk'-/ 4-^ I I '. > TTft H. Doc. 136 T made navigable for steamboats of a large claas, th jy, can te made equal Tmostof the ordihary canals in operation in the middle Sta^e8,jo. • -Within afe>«^ miles of their respective sources, m affording fccOities for Sr^sportation of .produce to the coast,and of merchandise into the V inS. ^very one of the rivers named, not only at their respective I nuriets to the gulf, buf with reference to their navigation in the inl^nor, ^ k Septible Rtificial improvement, the beneficial effects of which Wd be commensurate to le expense incurred The country at large : would not only he benefited by th^ promotion and extension of the «- ricXral and commercial interests of the conUguous region, and^ , de^bpment of new sources oi wealth and prosperity that the improve- mems^ggested would cause, but the facihties for cheap and ready ■ defence oTan extensive coast frontier (now great y e^^ to a foreign! mSe enemy) that such improvements would atford would beoS ^MBblenutHml advantage. In fact, the, federal treasury, as tomo4 S theZ would be more than reimbursed for a^^l outlays (if it undertook the works) by the enhanced valu^pf the pubhc lands m then: vicmityJ ^d their consequent increased Sales ^ and if undertaken by a Sta^ . 'or States, or by corporate associations, and a proper portion of the land we^Sited I J of the works, the United ^tates^would be j^nn nS by the increased value of the portiori retam^d. O'he States o Samalnd Georgia are directly interested m the impr^vementjw ' fe red to to an e^ctent quite equal to the mterest of the Sta^ of FW gjr years sin-fce, thg legislature of the kst-named State durected^ Samination of the Ockotockony river with a view to its improvemea and it has^also, at different times, made exammations vath a viewt ^e improvement of the navigation of the Chattahooch.e andFhntnj Sid it U expended some mohey on both. Alabama has as yet done I Stieto.promote the interests of her southeastern counties mobtajL faciUtief for the transportation of produce to the g^ through Flondd It is beUeved thattlie improvement of the bays and harbors, andj their outlets, to the gulf or sea, can be rendered easier, less eipensi,^ . Sore sJbstanud and permanent, by the adopuon of the system Sg ""necessary delta or outiets; and. mstead of repovmgM deenemnft channels by. cxcavcUion, making porUons .of them jm{ ^dHSvaWe obstructions; thereby confining the waters to aj«^ channels as possible, and causing them to force and deepen thdsech neK thSdebouchement to the gulf o.^ sea. Esi^^^ V on Ae ,^^ Atlantic cgast, and in the ^ulf, is this plan deemed to be tbe ^^t ehgJ^ Several different esominaUons, reconnois^ances. i)r surveys d^ ■ " been made bf some of these rivers, and theur outleff , and report f nishedas to their susceptibility of advantageous «nproy«'??'J' Tj ibd found by reference to the pubhc documents, of whicbaH Thi^i^iSld water communication from the Mississipmn. ^^i^dle Florida,, could be obtained for st^a^ ^SSe,^dcoSg craft, was manpears ago mam^ authority. The expense necessary to obtam suc^ '^^^ tion, by canalling bSween the nearly contouousluie of bays m^ riming parallel with the gulf coast from South Cape to the Jfoffl« md by ^^J , ^y^^ overflow of the quantities of rich sugar lands, "^^ f ^J^JS^^ ^^^Zs of facQe irUerkr Wers, at certain seasons, ^^t jodd^be the mea ^^ ^mmunication, and also between every p^^o^^hei y^%^ the seacoast, and afford easy ^^ .^^^'^^^^.Zment coastwise. auce intended for ^^^-^Z^^JZ^e^olxdhlcLe dry and culti- The extensive swamp called H«J,Pf "*^^^^^ g^ch, that the cost of vatable. Mthe -^"'"tf ^.fu^^eT Thfup^^^^^ soil is light and • such improveMent would ft^^f,S^.„t."^rth which it i^ easy of excavation; the ^^^str^ ^lltiel so oftln^aused by caving or is tenacious, and prevents the f^fg^^J^^'^S material obstnictLs sliding. The face of the country '* ^^^^^^^^^^^ to the under- united, combined, and concurrent action. deepening of the ' So too, on the western ^^if-^^^J^^^'^^^ &utf with the outlets, and the ^^o"^^^^^/' f^^^f^J^S^^^^^ equally beneficial same interior ^^^^^^^ ^^^fX c^^^^^ Atseenhooi could ^ The vast swamp called ^^f ^P^jll^'^^^^^ on both sides would' reclaimed. And the <=o"^Plf°"„fj!'tr°mil coasting-vessels and probably effect a means of passage ^^ £^ i,^^^^^^ ^avigatiod steamers across the Peninsula, ^^J^y^T^fig^^^^ ■%^Lprovemerits sug^sted in ^^^ jw o l^^XJ^^^^^ of commiit in the ydua.We£ocumem8 a^^^ -.--^LMolMi fbu ad in these^ docunwnts. . ^ ^^^^ '.I 3 K-*^ #.;l)oc. 136. Lerted to connS ^ T~ P«n'«sufa, variour^.^^^ advocates. ^ ipoken of as Dracf.V«Ki ^^^^^ drawW fo„r x: oftbe noWeSsfl^^r^expenselomTh^^^^^^ \et.. has been A canal from S^e sounH ^"^ Weethlocko- k to lakes Xh^^j^^ Smyn^a, on the eastern . Neawestofthe seaooL. ^^''^■^^ters of the Sf ? t , ^^^ of tJie Us, some distaSo^f !!t °' fr"'" ^ point on tS' '"^'^ f "^^^' ? few ^ ascertained tobe thf ' \*^ '^^ John's river ,n^#5^: feys, or near WaccisslT^ ^^^^^. «« thllir . ^ "^^^ ^« "^^J •oa similar worT W^t ''^^ ^^« Wcewise be!? ""T^' "^^ CedaJ ^ the mouther ^^:^/^^^«onville, on Z sf Joff" ?,^' ,-« ^-« , several different r^-' ^^ ^ *« ^^e same noin^ ' u""^ ^^^ one '5.fmherp7oSSS?,t^^^^ the w^ S^^-^e fj^^^ ^ 3fe.ora point neaJS"; °" ^^^^^^ ^^eekTaLd on 'V"^^*'^^'- one ed, havelL'" ef hT'^'" ^^ociations rbut nonl^^'J^"^^ ^^^ks, M°g out Aerchair? 'T^ P'-^P-rfy ' urveved^?''"' " '« ^^ ^ Uutes of tw^ of th *"^ comm^ciL "udf tfn?'''P"'^°'^ to "enclosed to vou o^^'^ Ttemplated.^frkgar.W/'^^ticaJly. «)nnoissance w^lT ^^^^^^^h it is underS T^ ''^^^ °° th« ' a partial survey oflu">"^« ^'« Mexico Th«^' ^™"3^' ,5n. (Wst of SJ%„/ ^^harbor of Tampa^d ^ '^^ °ffi*^er "1»«3„7&,S °f "^'^Paper eCrS^ congressional b' ..■ ;' f I ^•1 -■k^"^ t J^H , 4 J** V*' ^^H 8 • * • , I' • 780 D. Doc 180. lion of $20,000 wiU probably be made at this sessioij of Congress for '''^'(£te':^r^n7^^^yT^^^, the completion of this Whilst the certain Jim -^t ^ the full extent anticipated by stupendous and "magnificent project to tne^^^^ ^^^^^ some of Its advocates h^ by many been a^^^^ success,) yet seems General Bemaxd d^^J^J ,^^^^^,^^^^^ hieh o^der of indli- pther disinterested ^^^j^^^f £Sge of th^e location through gence, and F^f ^^^^8 J'^"^^^^^^^ the soils to be excavat^. ^hich the ca"f^^" i^^^^^eSe^ The immense cost estimates, lounucuFi' • The same observations apply by scientific and ""P^^^^!^ .^^Sw' that has been suggested! 'if to the construction of the *A^^^ '^mlTy^^aU ^ftiol S: moTimporta^t.undert^ing of the W 'M7r^::^^etLrthrt^^ Sn£:>ugre^ern Mexico, or by VeJ Sf thte^ teS and middle Atlantic States to participafe fuUy in t^ K fitc nf «nph route The proposed canal or road may be located c ^fctaKStUne^^^^^^^^ --^ ^'';^J^Tl -L dSs which in sailing from New York a considerable deflexions ^muftTe made) to the mouth of the Rio Coatzacoalo^s, on tl||tfj S-the iXus of Tehuantepec. The legislature of Louis.an^mod ?4 aU seS local consi£ations. at a --nt ^ssion adop^^ e^^ liMis asking Congress to institute examinaUons as to the Florida staj S^''rd patriotic and enterprising citizens of eastern and of weH States ^± wle forecast, look to the ascertainment of its pracUabM STre^riofThe highest importance to the general mterests oij^eM ^nfeder^y^as well to the Atlantic. soAm, northern, eastern, .^ Z^d ^^^^^^Jt^ rerSi^n^st^'r itX SSKuf S^e tr^aSL. not^l^ with the Pacific generally, but ^ .^^LtverJoS^'.^^^^^^^ < ik- of Congress for H. Doc. 186, miles from Jack3on^-jj ^ ^81 supposed such cana c' h ^^ ^^ John's river Prn,« .u- , Santaffee, and, by the imn ^ ^«"^'""ed to the niv,!.?," *^" ^^ke it is of the Suwaiie; to^he '7^'^^"?^"^ "^ the naviS r T'^" ^^ 'he the expense is not estimJ/'^^" 1^^' ^"''out douK °^ "^^^ "^^^ and mvestment. It is bl eTed ^^«^ \«o great i^^^^^^^^ for to,commencina aft?' u\^y ^ome persomti! . "" '"Judicious marcm of the vast )lt A' ^"^ runninj nrrlo ^ STeat southern tkleadj^terlof the's'V"^^ ^^ied^SSnnr ^'^i'^^ «°"them ! navigation of the St L "^\^^' ^«h proper ir^^^' ^^ directly to Jd be highly benefe' ^ SuwanSTverr^^'"'"^^ ^'^^te lumber, naval stores fn^ ^\^ "^^^ns of tranlnn ! P'^^t'««ble, and reclaim tens of thnnl J Merchandise, and th^^^f^ '"^""'^ «f ' produce Such work woulfctf T'' «^ ^he'ritVtS:°f -^^^^ State has heretofore n.Sfc^^^'«^ *« the State of r" '^"^ ^*^^°"- coBstruction. ™^^^ i|inamations and surveys iSu""'^'^^ ^^ich A raih^ad has been nr«- , ^ "^ "^ '''^^ to its U«t, on which coastd.P^'?^^^ ^'"""^ Brunswick n • f ted. It is staged thlfr? ^'''' ^'^ «s Sin^tfonT"' ? '^' ^^ Ws and commence sich\T'^'^^" ^^ "ovv^S " ^"^^ ^.""" «di. Iswces, and som^ mf .• ^^°'"'^- Some vearo • ^ organized to raise Brunswick. or^StnTrl ?"^^ "^^ ^^^ "^^S! Icucumstances not Sllv n^ ,'°"*^' ^"tering MidSe Fin "^^ "^?'^' ^'om |was postponed, and th J ""^f ^tood, the com^.n *^^°"^a; but, from IpubL-r GnlS the n '^'V**^ «f the surJevsT ""^"^ ^^ the work I tl-««. than ha^b^S'r^/^ '^^^eZ^FZ^r' ^^" '"«"' fe great trunk or Central r^,'^ '^jntended, and become . """"^ ^^^^er Wtto some beneTto pn^ i^f'^-^'^^^ftersAl o^^^ Nat section of the SfaS ^^°"^^' « ^i" K^.l!? "^.^^ « ^ould N prevent its evt^l- •' ^"^ "^eet with such f ^™^^ w«h disfavor y iitor"lid S"oT r ^ ^^^*« ^'aT'ltTouir '' ^7^^^^" ^»^t from it the iuthw .""'"^ ^'^^"da raCad .-rn'^^^bea »eft of southern pf°"'V^estern travel and fr«n ' '^.^Uowed to ^toallegedhSds„»^T^ °^«' seven reLuf'^^^^^^^^ea; [fifteen feetXuUt ^H* '^^« ^d good Who Jf^^"^ these objec- ■ >^«^ue°8l?aWy\"t'^fh?'''" '^^ '^^ ^tat^of Florida i, • L '"'^xraues. A road can be -I -I- --^ a. lower down o^Vk^L *"*'l"mbus, lantic seaboard O^'f' -""^^ ^^ the Georgia roflrh. ** 9hattahoochie f city ofP^ieofertdir "/^^^ - thrco'mpttion ojr '^^^- tiie different routes nL!!l throughout the surrounHini *"^ '"o^^^ at deeply interested fn^fT'^^ ^°^ «5 and the federni ^ *'*'""^^' «nd ox, «rty at Pensacola--^!!?^ ^^ Protection of the v^llTi P^ordcer- ti^asuryr would tl^Tfi^ ^^^ '""lions of doUars „n^J" P"?'^ Prop- inAkbJma through wh-i'^i^yth^ enhanced vSup.t.. ^' '?« ^^^^rS On these poSiVo^ '""^ "^^ '^ ^ould run ImJ .K^'^^ P"^^ lands ..,ed/Ss'u7:^;rfrt,t^^^^^^^ ,.ork done. I h^^howr^ "^ *° P^nSaw:^ S J^^V^^^^e^ the action of Co^' ^^-''^^' ^^en suspended fo^In/^^'^' ^^ "iher BillsmakingsucfSant^h "^^^ ''*^^°«« al6n/ tS. the pubLc k as yetfthe assSttoSrv ^f ^^^ '^' S«ndte\ di^Jrent ^ '°"^^ ' H°nofboth housS^at X ^ ^^" ""^^e to obtain X ^''''*"«' Connected as the trlfr Tl ^^'•^^ '^ the same bif ^'^^""•ent K(o^atanyofC|.fc^ atPen ffe to distant foreign or A^l *" "^^ ^^ selected,) wi^f h? ^''' R specially witl^f^^n^t^ rTe^:? ^ '""^ ^'''^d^thZ ^ soon discover that suSiwSk^r'K^^ '^ ''^^ EastXief K; »?^ *"" P'^fitable succeTrasT? ^ "'^^-'^ P'^^^ote Se5 lAcSS from sff^^- ' ' ^^''^ "^^^^"^-*' ^tSe iwh n.ch a» ; i ; ut„ee as m?^£ SA P^f^^ "^^°«^^com^^^ p 1. ji" "■ 'ii^ ■ W'^'^ ¥W •,'*'' rM" i', •i^S*' •<.- ■ P" » ( ■r * ' -4* Im **v»lt 5. ■;7S4 II. Doc. 186. J ♦!,«♦ t^A fprleral and State governments, both, should encourage inands that the tederai ana oiaicg Andrew's bay. the spe^T co««^^^^«^f,*i' for We vessels, and it is-a safe and I pacious harbor. A"^^"^*^" ;°;^,i-5„, _rior Uhe creat Central State rml- and sperfy construction of the latter. of the "Stale I The Slate l^P?'""'^'' '"'^^.f ' '^^^^^ citizens from each s«> SlsSJT wTuTs^Jpted^tZTn, when its ^W sessi™^ tion ot ttie otaie,; wui,"- 'L,^„.„-„o fnr carrvine out the most ludi- held, d™ -m^;^^^^^^ [LrStlfore adopted. Vhe Tit 4ifes an^ inS^^^^^^^ and jobbers, pecumaT^ schemes, wiles, ^^^ ^^^^'^.... \-,ni ;„ Florida, (as sad expenence and political, '^T States) f^^^^^^^ ^nd overcoL, and has proved m other f^^^^f'^S^ citizen. Attempts, by means direct 1 bwarted, by the just and P^^"f,^ "f ^;^„ to the S ate for purposes! and indirect to appropriate the lands g^en to t^ P^ 1 .of "internal '"^P'^^^^^^.^V "1^" i '3 selfish. J available resource, ^o obj^^^^^X Lt tt sTeS vigilance d th3 ^ it maybe conjectured, b« made ^ butjie u guardians of the pubhc «"d general weal wi JgC^j J ^lte±r:rthet»deof*e™^^^^^^^ ^tt„dTSra.sis.a„ce of .hose -h- ^^jf ^^^ rouStJX.-Var^r^d Sfa'ZteJSnroh^ed' frl 4 er J SrOffiie, (nffied C) exhibiting .he ""■"ber pi acres .rrf da Hii Doc. ise, J •ore? moref Iowa, with nn '®^ ^.078 acres «o4 thaL V^U^^^ °* 5,346,660 acres Z«., h Kb; Wisconsin wtK *™"'^"' making 1,225 07fi i^l^^ ^^,000 m kd- «iVed 2.246,490 rcre3Ahl"''^ ^than area^f 2,47232?;^ \^^'^^ 8,577,998 a^res of . ^'^'^ '^^^^^'^^t LoSa„a if "^°«* f the ofher ,m^ an those fands'iLtheT- ^"^ ^^•«' " ^^ undSo^^^ ' l^ be afterwards b^ slid ^Mh '"' """*<=■ ■"»"i< oM prl^^,? Pf'n^P'J ! Mppalachicola river but „ ^ ?'^*^' ^^^^^ at A Hum R I i ^* 4 «■ '. (jif *, 1 1 im H. Doc. 186. few years, whether in time of war or m time of peace, not only the AtLJd"c ties, but the entire vaUey of the Mi8sis8»M».; can be supplied bvh^vSh most tropical WuctiJns with greater tacdrty, and cheaper, Zn Jy car. be prS^ureS from Cuba, or from any;<^her of the We. Sdiaislands. A tithe of the sum necessary o purchase Cuba, if Spam SoSd£ wUhng to dispose of it. and a fiftieth part of the amount ot 6x- Stu^ necessary to^ conauer and annex that is and by arms or to S^St in any oth^r mode, ionorable or dislionorable, it expended byl ie federal government (even as above mdicated, by liberal g^^^^ M in aid of works of internal improvement m Florida, would rende S?Stote more valuable than Cuba, ever can be to this confederacy] Such p^cy might also subdue some of the covetmgs and cravings manJ SS^ohL for the "Queen of the Antilles,'' (as tW designate thaj Simd,) and obviate in some degree the necessity which they insist no. eS of its being forthwith wrested from Spam^ and possessed by tb Sd States. War and bloddshed would a)so be thereby averted. The most judicious policy that can be adopted by the federal gov ernment witfi reference to Flbrida, in my judgment, is, to transfJ without delay to that State every acre of pyblic lands withm Us U ders, stipulating that the nroceeds thereot hereafter resized by tlJ State shall be Sxclusively devoted to internal and harbor improvemenj within the State; the United States reserving only the necessary ..td for light-houses, fortifications, and other structures, under he conim. the fideral government. At any rate, the transfer of all lands that thL time,o? hereafter, have been offered for sale at$l 25 per ac for ten years, aid tlm remain umold, should be made, arid a similar n-l rope»ty.inaState,orm individuals, pertam equally tj Xn8 of^nited States of every Slate of tfie confederacy.i tHtf di'tinrtlonJi, fMvnr of thdciUgena oijhat_State of which mM is the frontier. Such police reffu lations as sound P"W ™^ , necessary can be rightfciUy estabhshed and enforced % ^ f 1 it may enax^t laws for the protection and conservation of such »1 righJ^fmd to regulate the& u»c, so a. to prevent the ^ «h"se>tl Jaws must apply equaUy to its own ciuzens as to the citizens t....^ H. Doc. 136p 7m . other States. The irpn<:.rni • u ^ '*^ alLandthatofpiscSyW^^^^^^ «f navigatipn and of commerce bv^ held for the excLive^^rfit ^f^^.^ '"?^^^^^ ^''< 00^^^^^^. my nghtfuly legislate as to sue pri^;? '"'"^"^V ^"^ ^ other ^^, State; nor does the federal ffovSnmft^^^*'"^^^ coasts of a sister ^regulate by law the rigLf^S^^'r ^^^ -"^titutionalp^weT cede V treaty, or otherwise, the pS" ^" "°.^^^« ^^ ^ State, W t6 lbr«gn power, or its subject anv^Z.! ""• "''"^ '"^^ ^^her es to a Jher common right in a Sta^;, JcS^^,t?v " "^ 'T^^^^ ^^ ^^w Zy Sate to a foreign power. To i/lT.nT^ "" P^" ^^^^^ territory ^a which the cili;:ens of the Unifed sS! ^"^.r^^'^ «"ch coast frontier in «/^«^ as well as because t^s a pS ofl ''^r ^i!^*l^ ^^ve such"^^ ^^J"*." (see article 1, sectiofi 8, cfause 1 . '^' ^'^^"^ ' *« " ^^^ tkboundenduty of the fedfWnl „« ^' ^institution United StaC W» invested with ^ p6W tSd S^^™""^",* ' ^^ ^«' ^^ ^he clause bst Si^ Uentofsuchdut^(s:;^Ji|J*f^^^^^ the same mstrument con J^Rv'' ^^'J^f ' ^'^ ^«^cle 4, section 4 ;) and Uu»haU protect each o/SKhe s£ . ^^n^^t'tutional guaranty thS Merd government bm^ds fort^cationf '^^''^^ ^■'"'«*^'^'" &c. The Uones, a.d arsenals, and ST^^d^tiT ^^ips. Ld hnd custom-houses, and it establLS r '!?^' "^'^ "marine hospitals Jtam and Europe and to SSfi^Th «^ '^^"-^te^mers toTreat lObseiyatoiy, and aMilitary and N Tvf I i . 1 "^ "'^f ^^ ^"^ maintains^ ^tabhshment; sends shiplt^^y^Zt tx^^^^^^ hasa .;CoastSurver Ifss. withm the last fifteen veJ, h. ^"'P^'^^ng. expeditions; and Con- Uing and pubhcation of "u ISs 'f ?'? "^'^^^"^ '^^ ♦^^"^rs lor the home of the improvements on tLe coasts ^ '^"^^ «^" -b><^s- iFlonda above noticed, are as direcXTnd fm J. ^^'^'^^i '''• '^'' *^«^sts of C^yV^' "/?^/«^e" and '3^^^^^^ important and . Ip«(>»" as forts, shins, &c., can bfXS l,*^^Hectlon ''against Ifflsome degree, to tfie peculiar eenTn^l- 1 ^^''' '' '^ ^'•"e, is owina.. Kandcharacter of tfat secUor^?der f r"^""'^"^"^^'- i"^^™^ Ifclegiumate constitutional poweV of ^ fSfr'""^''^^^^' to denj |«r the commm dcfence^^ by aidilf.nd n 1 ^-^ S^^^'-nmem to - «r/ WmentsinFlorida,is todJnvtoS ^"'''"''^"'^ '"^'^ necessair^ l-oemnr ««,;« of iUlfilhng suXl SS^^^^^ ^"^^^ "^^ V^o2Z^ |r? objecUons are made to the mZf/f .1 T^'^ attenuated logic by kyutipnal, because fi,rsoot,uhTre^r^^^^^^^^^ ^^ protec^Uon aV todotherwise, promote other interesr/n?fKo"''^'"^^« may also-,. , WW m ihe exemse of thTunfJ^nLrJ - . desu-ed canTe ^"gress to dispose pf tL li/S.?/ l^'T*''""^ ^"thority of «"ple3 with respect to ^untfof sucSi? • ^' • TT""^ benefitf all ^Dtem the States where ZlnXi-K^^ °^ those inprave- ^J^aiuiiajustico o7uxe fej:^^^^^^^^^ extinguished. ^ tht tue leueral government re|aming aU th« JHni^g T { t TO8 Bt; Doc. 18^ < 1 1 ». ' *. ■. unsaleable at|be meseni minimum price fixed hy it for a series of years after th^^ have been offered for sale, without yielding any taxes for them to the States wherein^hey lie, not contributing anything in any mode for the malting and repair of ordinary high\vays and bridges through them, is severely felt Uy eyery resident, (whether rich or poor) of a country in which there is a lar^e quantity of unsold public lands. The personal labor the settler is conlpelled to yield m this way, to en- hance the value of the property of the United States, in addition to his other taxes, is an onerous burden. Difficulties will -probably ensue from the granting to one sovereign State the control and ownership of lands within another sovereign State, even if the lands are made liable to just jiaxation; and still gteater difficulties will arise as to the adoption of any 1 just rate of distribution amon^ the States. Some proposed rules of distribution are absurd as w«ll as iniquitous. By the rule of popula-l tion, New York would at this tinie receive 33 acres to every one re- 1 ceived "by Florida, and yet Florida has 1,200 miles of seacoasttof defend, whilst New York has less than 150 on her Atlantic fronfer. Florida has 7,671,620 acres mire in area than New York. She is larger than New York and Massachusetts or New York and Maryland together; she is larger than New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut! all together ; and, leaving out Maine, more than twice as large as all thel other five New Englald States together. Florida ^as no mountains;! and properly improved she willhave within her limits less waste l^-i* not susceptible of cultivation, than either New Hampshire, or Mi chusetts, or Maryland, or New Jersey, though neither of those State is one-seventh of her 'size; and she would be capable, in a few yearsJ if improved as suggested, of sustaining comfortably a larger populatior' •' than New York of itself, or all the New England States united. Pop ulation is a shifting rule, and not based on any just principle whed adopted with reference to grants to the States. If the grant is iid tended to be 'given to the citizens of each State disposed to emigratd to and settle on such lands, the federal government had better makd the grant directly to the occupant. The only true and just rule as td rt-ants in aid of works for coast defence, or any other national obje^J M the necessity or importance of such work, and the advantage that ' • result to the country therefi-om. The policy of promoting the settle .ment of an exposed frontier State by free grants of lands to occupant^ and to the State in aid of internal' improvements, is, it is conceived quite as obviou^, and fiiUy as strong, as any policy ofdefcnce,ss\()\ fiitm-e war with a 'naval power, that can be adopted. The expense i-* adjudication of the salvage for Inhnr r^"^'*^"^^ ^^3^ Kest % amount wrecked eS^re 'orth. n '^^ '"" ^"^^ ^^t p^st. My fo.^ is not estimated -nor ?. tl ^P"', ''°^«*' ^*^ that w^hich , ^ to. The.averag^Valt of dl ^he^"^' ^°'' °^'^"^*^ ^^^^ ad-. J^ono^theFloriipoastsaidt^^^^^^^^ Ff W^^^ ^-- the T«.3uiy DeT ,forthfifn„no„« „_j V°y°"' and to the documents srv.r.Jfio^ :X ".. If entherewirh senuo Vora^dlPr^^^^ ^'^"^ *^« Ti^^^'T De-^ fc|eton,«^ and fc^r;,^^g^fe ^'"«»t8 s^^ P^^ -^ HJryigir expons mid imports, ancf other statistic*. K ■. ^^ iliereby to become residents of the island^ „and coasts contiguoTis to them; and they will be Ideked to ^uticulprly b;5r the inhabitants of the great ■western valley for the supt)iy of that article of subsistence; and other sections of the Union, and forei^ countries, may likewise be furnished from them. They pertain exclusively to the State, the constitution whireofassertsifs right; and they are regarded a^ destined Jo be of ai Much importance and value as the fisheries on the coast of the British colo- nies at the northeast end of this continent. J* In addition to the documents above mentioned, I enclose yot a letter , ^l 4hirTef«dHidnotoftr«d..... J»Si'2 y?Jiir»erti»odtaM of 1851. • ^''^'^ -y.:^' K^'Doto. 136. 7m P^Jmadingaf^atof government. :::; - fig 1,4 I«MTedfor"liveoak"forn«vy.. • : .7 3,040 immtiou for town of St. Mark's 2^od private claims, (Spanish' ™g"&;■^ 3QK Sinmplands returned to June -10 iR^i'^^^^V 1 aoa ^ I«Kl »Wm year ending June 30 iWiii&"^*'"''««^'^ted at.. ^ ^ tfnn nnn • ""**■ »'"•'"*' 'anas, tor some years exceed the stern and middle| ids," as "won C. CABELL. G. Ob«su» OFno«, Washikotoi* CiTF, Du« Sir : In compliance with your reoiiMt T nn i "***** ^ ^^S^- JWto fti. office in January kstff theofficial rett™/*"! T^"^ P™*«^ statements^i,. ■t^^""^"' ""^ «''«> «f other States, Mfer as is r* "'"t'"? to the population, prodS^S iMw. The statements are genarallv n^irl;" k * f "^ce^WT to ren'fy the compariroMm.*: t£b«>nsiderable extent, ffieSS |«^n. will not change materially iJy onl^rSS.^^^^ '""" *" '^ "^«- "^ kow iT^roSaUSd'" ^T„« f,' ®^^' 520 ; and o« this there were In Iffifl „„h, P^tiH.returSXrSllf^/SS'bei^^^ '' theiSZ^r^vX^g ^Hdah^ less m.proved lands th- any S^te, except Bhodelsl^id^dCalifornia. 1!^ •"» ocres of lAproved la«ds.. ♦weoffiirmlng implements and machinenr" •6,!»8,109 jg;^"" — — •■ - .^r .. f " " • •:^ " ^ ^ ^ ^.-^ „_|068. , B6^ ^^ £•*"'« 6.7M SK ■ 1W,416 ^"••••;- 83.311 i IS.8S0.06& ftf^ •4) h i ••"^ in IIII2 . i* Doc. 186. Wheat, bndid. of. ,— I ' :":::::::: 1'^ Ifye,buiheliof....... i ■■■'"'".''.* .....x- i,936,m Indian oon, budifiU of - ;^^ gg^jj^ OaU,biuhel*of. • [•■•": ;;;'. A...- 1,075,090, Rlo«,poniid«(^... *■.**."'.''."*.".'."."". -V- ^.«U o£!MKb^e«ir4oo^ ■':::::::"""^ S Wool, poonda of "" ... 13b'«9I Pea.aidb«Bi«.bud»eiBof..^ - i;;:;: :::::: IS ' IrWi potatoei, buaheU of •-■•.- .'...,. 7Sj'm\ Sweet potatoes, buihelB of... k " ^ 5^1 Buckwheat, bwhek of... -. .J..--- • ^ Value of orchard produoti, HI dollan '"".'.'. ' io| Wine, ^ou of. ••p'", ' 8,721 Value of prodnce of market pardeM ^^'^'i Butter, pounds of. » ;••• '.'.'.'.'.'........ 18,0151 Cheese, pounds of... ...- :•• 2 5jj| Hay,toniof. -I- Other grass seeds, bushels of. -y- j^, Hops, pounds of -J-. !!""'!!! 5I>| Flax, pounds of. .•- Silk cocoons, pounds of - ^ 27ffll Cane sugar, hhds. of 1,000 pounds.... • ^^i ■^ Molasses, gaUcins of.. .-..--. -^ ••"•• yj^j f4^ Beeswax and honey, pounds ot...., in'm , Value of home-made manufactiites $514' 6«| Value of animals slaughtered. ' i 4.Itse«nst^t,mproportion,tothequ^.^^^^^ . S.SlTiSSroth'S^ave'^Sll^'^^Xt^^^ 5 duces more cotton than any «*•»«' State of the V^^ ^ ^ ^ j^ cultivation, and , "inlir^'^tTerXe^ulffirrrpCr A^sS^n^^^ S^rfbiu of sw^^t potatoJXS any St.teof *- ^ Sf^LJ^tfo^he landto cdtivstion, and slave population, and aggregate popul»tio Union, m proportion 'f'. *"". '"^^^j "" ' ^th that of any State, in the same way. I- ^"Z^^/ofoi^es Sr^vS, plTtLC^ or other tropical froiM of li« co:S??ror a^-^^' ^^^^' " «^«' tropicaP productions, can be ,.«. ^^r^ KftiaSty in estimating the value of the dilferent products of the differ, «SS^Wtte^2«prJduot8TdHrerent States; but, fiom a general and hMtycstu. SS^fbert 4»tol^ rSteJand from comparison, I am satisfied the value of thejp and to the popdation, slwe or free, "^""j^l^^^^ ^^er value of the land and of li el, your antdu Florida is wheat, lye, or oats; "« » •Pi^jruTrcotton'^Kol^ 824,000 ysid» of d toVlorida, which amounts to a large sum annually. '"mvSu.honorto be. sir. witi» great respect. your^gKge^tsem^^^^^^ Hon. E. C. CABiiLt. _£ " ■ \ 1,15» 1,996,8(» 66(586., 1,075,09(k| 996,614 45,131, 83,247. 136,359 757,236 1,2 10 1 8,721 371,4981 18,01SJ 2,51ll| ul 61 %m\ 353,89!| 18,9711 t75,5§)l t514,6as| •dnceBinorecot-l I prodac«8 inonl Illation, she pn>| Lvation, fmd i iiIatioD, thui , except Cm _ a, and MiMonil r than aennltl any State of d ?gate popularii same w&y. ;ropical £niiU,(i can be girea i of the dLfere id hasty cstii aeofthei f improved li lTBlueoft}K|l I land and ofd State ia ooniidi II be lealiuiL Bmall quantU State of Eoril 90 yaida of i lomber bm Sufouiio H; Doc. 18a. 79» F. I ytin Sir: I have «n«ed a clerk to ooinnil« fk «Vu*er's Ofice, Aj^ 85, i«». 19M ......do...... Jo -••-....... ^^^ 18»,exportatoforeiimDorto * ^'^ I BH do...... Jo f vt^Mn c./uwr ooeaient servant, N. SAEGENT. hnnMnarme of the United Stat, G-uJ/oJ Mexico, from Cape Sable District*. iMnk't, tlorida «K»1« lUe "Orieaiu 12 ■fton ....u... .. toiStliigo .*■' I'otal 12 ^ ?tZI±r,?r.»'!-?- 9'^^ * Mansfi. Tk stewaera at Appalachicola are not state,! eld's report of There are be- bans which ply on the S oT SJ' 2 '^'^ T'^t ^^ ^^^ Missippi nwr Boata beina Atn?!^ • ^ ^^ «^^«» by them; the ywSisnotgi^ninthfaK ZT^^' ^^ of 4eir report,. I^^t.^^l re Vt- Ut 1 1. I') ^ f1 ■1. . ll w li ti[. Doc. The Chd/of Mexico and the Straus of Florida. Thp Gulf of Mexico is the southern boundary of this confederaxjy frn^g the .^Dr. Ktu^^^^ mouth of the Rio Grmide del Norte; an^^ s remaSabk forThe absence of capes and of indentations m compar. rrnLidLrorr^^^^^ following rtvers debouch into tl^e same common reservoir. 1 he Ala- Sma Tomb^U. and Mobile rivers, ^^he ^ter^,^^^^^^^^^ ive tributaries! some reaching mland mto the Slates ot Mississippi and , GeoS enfer the gulf throuih Mobile bay, from the State of AlaW The &1 and Pas^agoula, from the State of Mississippi, and the mighty M^i (appTopltely styled ;;Pa.^ f TSlL^^e /tl: different delfas through the State of Louisiana. SuU turther west, tlie sS chv ding Louisiana and Jex^, and the Angehna and Neches; fhe Trinity and Buffalo bayou, \through Galveston bay;) the Braz.« S^ BeSdTand the Colorado, (by Matagorda bay;) the Navidad and iTvaca (by L^ Vaca bay;) the^Guadalupe and San Antonio by Passl • Cavallo • and the Nuecei-all flow into the gulf horn the interior o1 Sxas The Rio^Grniide divides Texas from our sister republic off MeSc;, a^'d ex ^ds from its outlet, (latitude 26° 66' nortli hn^ .^97° S west from Greenwich,) northwest, as such boundaiy d El Paso at the 32d parallel north latitude; and stiU further northward d h Sources ntS mountains of New Mexico, more than 1 300 rrules ^ ien^i from its mouth. The cides, towns or Jjppmgp^^^^^^^^ CeL Keys, St. Mark's, Appalachicola St. Joseph s,btAndre^^^^ PensacolaT in Florida; the city and shippmg-port ot Mobile, in AJ b2a; th^ tow*s of Pearlington and East Pascagoula m the State, Eissippi; the city and i^rt of New Orleans, in Louisiana; an lab ne Cit;, GalveLn, Houston, Velasco, "^'^-^^ft^^;^^^ vacca, Indiinola, La Salle, Saluria and Copano, Corpus Chnsti, Braz« ^nSgo and Bmvnsville, in Texas-axe all situated on or contiguoa ■^^^JLtSiclnttJ^rk TamauH^^^^^ ^eraCru^^^^^ -J Y^ tant to Cape Catoche, form the southwestern and southern 2U^^ . The rivers Tigre. San Fernando, Santander, the Panuca, anJdieTu Jy Tlmpico farbor.) the Tuspan. the Alv^ado, and the San Ju^ •CoatzacuWos, the Tobasco, Laguna de Santana, L^e de T^^ the Rio San Pedro, the Usuoiasinta. and the ^^ .^rancisco. ^^^^^^^ of less importance, flow into the gulf from Mexico; and thetown^ MaS^oSrT^mp CO, Tuspan, Vera Cruz, Alvarado. Minatitlan, Fn^ ^^a^a vSria, and^Ca^npeachy, Sisal and Menda, are all «p "Ilan^t trtpof this c^nU^^T^ "=^^ nfin irresalaFcirciaaf form,lOT^^ ifZr&O miles.) and from 8lo to f ;-f ^^^^^^l ^ 1.000 maea;) that the extent of the coast, from Tortugas tota .Catoche is ibout 2.700 mUes; and that the waters of the gull coj :SS^760\(S0^uare niiles. Inside the S^'^'^^^^SS .islands, close, tothe mainland, except those off tke capes of Florida. * H. Doc. m. w$ tWJse adjacent to the coast nf v.,^. ' * tade2lo 30Mongittide 87° mfLlJ^ '^^«^> *« Cape Catoche ffi Ajot southwest! Prciectki^^l:^'^^":-^^^^^ ^el^^; lienflraJ mdes nearertoCano^Po* 1 ^^^^een these two nomt«i h„* L. flatitude^o 52^YonJ£rde''|™ '^ To'tugas, ?s Cw' r island of Cuba, which island rlH^^ southwestern extrSiitvTf Uwardhr and then some 580 iS' '""^^ ^'^ «^"«« nort^ Ld MOtb, and the reefs and kevs nrp L ^^'^ ^« ^^^ east. Cuba on th^ IsOnautical miles dist^tfchlt"^^^^^^ t.^"''' (betwe"enVAnd I 18 more a practical foct than ?m/'^^ ''^^''^ts of Florida '^ IJraco , and that the place where tS, \ , ^''"J? '"^^ the Gulf of F 'n ?/"^'^ ^«h those oHhe At?. -^ '^''"'■^' «"^»"g through rf each and al of these rivers. ^' "^''^"^'^ «<^«»". ^s the ti^e moufh J The "straits" extend from tho Tr.., ' ^ \me length being more than thrpp?^? "f *° '^^""^^ 27<^50' their pugastoCapeWidaifneirlvenr i '^^''- ^""^^ fn>m fct; ^\^^ "T"^ P«"ins?lar coast of te-T "^'J^^' «» the fcdeby the Bahama banks, the Biminffoi ^^rj^^' and on the east l»ma.8lai,ds andthe MaL-iilk re^L fc TI^^ westernmost Ba- y 11/ west,) where their barrier on thif f ' ^'' ^^' ""'^h, longitude km the "west head" ofthe "Prf . ^ / ^'''^ ^^^^^^ The distnr^nZ ^. longitude 790 05° vtt) to the F^'^^f '^^^^'^ (latitude 26oT2^ ^3' west,) is less than seveiy .SLJ "/ '^T' ^"^ ""''''> i^ongitil H.ts, at no point does their S S;eed 'JJl.^ ' •?'" ^"""^^^ those ™ter.oftheplf,comributed bV tSTumJI. ^ '"'^^'' ^^^^n^tnense «d others of fess magnitude, are aU Ued Tn ? "-^'^ .^'^^^ "^ed, kerful currents coming into th« C T ^^^ving the gulf bv fh*» Pjatheast.. through^! (i^aribtnTo^'^flt ^"^ '^^^ ^^^^^ fboih American continents as far south %.T a^ ''°^^' ''^ *^^'« ^'^e' ^pe St. Roque, and even from the "cmator^!^^ beyond J^a, across the Atlantic ocean, throur th' ^^ "^^'^^^ ^'^^'-es of W vo ume of water thus confoed 3 thmf K T^ '''^''' The r»u^7j2?"y°^fi^« miles pef hour A r^ '^-^'^ f traits some- ^sof the Delaware, it is widened runwfj/P'Jf ^"? ^" "PP^^ite the «mues increasing in width sdMfuXnor^b'T^""'^^^^^ Knee as a cuirent, and upon the tem^"°!? ^"? T'' ^^ ^t« ^n- yb Atlanfc is perteptible VhSh un S ^ J'*^ fe ^^^^" °f the Masitisty^ru^L fof"^^^^^^^^^ - -^-^^ - l^rcial resourc es. No siJar rt?iy/g^f"^t"^«J> mineral and Jf^^^^^^snraraterio^ »8 of republican freemen, uneatoalWK Papulation of many mil- J'.o; modern history, ti 3^L^^; '""^ P".^P?' »°ticed In an- •■ # 790 ^i Doer. 186. iM-' maybe quintupled/and ihey can still sustain such number m plenty L Thiir soi and especially that of tjie great valley of the Missifisipm. « of surpassing fertSUy ; and their contributions to the commerce of the wotld, through this gulf, are the varied productions of a re^on spread. iiiir over 18 deorees of laUtude and the same degrees of longitude, ^d adapted to the diversified wants of nearly every other coua. try. An^ this great "inland sea," though easy of egcesa, is, atth« sine time, readily susceptible of defence as a mare cto«*«m, by the , States situate on its shores, against any foreim intrusion- ihey may de- cide to interdict. The Mediterranean or Adriatic is not equal to it, nor the Baltic, nor the sea of Marmora, nor the Euxme, superior to it, in this respect. • 1 1_ ^i. • .i The relation of the magnificent project, conceivedby the geniiisof] Cortez, of making the Gulf of Mexico a great thoTou|[hfare for thecom.] merce between Euro^ aiid China and the East Indies, and the Pacdic ocean generally, by ^communication through the Isthmus of Tehuaj^ tepee, will immeasurabfy augment the importance of this sea. To the| benefits which that, great man, more than three hundred years^ foresaw would result to European commerce, must now be superadde the advantages such communicatfon will give to Amencan commerce witl Asiatic countries, and in the Pacific, not inferior in v^ue to that of Eur^ But especially would such communication be valuable to the Lnm States of America for the facilities and; secunty it would aflTord totb intercourse and trade between those portions of this confederacv bordeH ing on the Pacific -ocean and those on the Atlantic- side of thisconu' nent. It is not deemed extravagant to estimate that the trade, con? merce, and navigation of the United States, through Tehvanteptc ok, if a ship canal there be practicable, would, withm five vears from tli completion of such canal, exceed the aggregate value of all the presen external trade and commerce and navigation we now have, large a it is. Markets would then soon be open to our enterprising merchg^tsi supplying to the hundreds of millions of inhabitants of Asia, and t"- ricU extensive, and populous islands in the Asiatic seas, not only: tides of necessity, but also of luxury, from our surplus but stiU ca stantiy increasing stores; and our trade witii the islands m the Pacifi and to the foreign States on its shores, would, within the same perio increase tenfold. We could then, as to all this trade and comraera enter into full competition with every other commercial power-aa even if all were combined against us— on terms of great advantag tiiat would soon obtain and secure for us a permanent ascendency. , raihoad across the same isthmus would result advantageously to us i the same way, though not to the same extent. ' . _ A ship canal, or raikoad, at either of the other routes of passa^ transit to the Pacific, further south, generally spoken of, (Nicarag Panama, or AtratoV— and a railroad is akeady in progress at Panami must advance^5ur commerce and navigation in the same way rbutjfc not believed they can he as valuable to this country as the "(M/routt would be, if put in succiessful operation. ^ , . . i These great improvements are aUuded to because, whichsoeverj them is adopted, and if all of them should be put into operation, md of the trade, commerce, aud navigation to or through them, or m tt- Doc. 186. f^^""- 79T (*%ed. in getting out of ?he Ko^go ne^^'T^ elsewhere.CK The chief portion of all oSr trader "" Tortugas and Key West. Cuba and the We3t Indies, and Spedallvw^T' ^'^ '^^^'^"^^n ^i h van] islands, and with the paqfpr«\f^ ^'"n Jamaica ancf the WinH Jough these strait,, and lik"^ ^ tK^de^"^' ^"^"^'^' ^^ P^^^" (/Europe With those places in ,^:r' ''"'"'"'^'■'^e' and navigation W. Steam.ves8els,LThd;Vtwr^^^^^^^^ the homeCd gtates, also pass throdgh the straits Sm^.^lM^^'" '^^ Atlantic even of the largest clas| bound IbMhTl^yr^^fc^^^^'^g-vessels. Je Bahama banks. The voyage throu5Sl^^Hr''^^3^'^'-"«sing (the Mpnapassage going near^jImatj^^JnSllHi^ P^^^^g^' of metmes pursued; but it is sev^ml hiimJ^Mff^ A«tonio is Intended with its peculiar hazard? ^ndnJ^i^^W'' ^nd » other passage preferable. ' '^'' '^^^'^ «y^, that render ths f An estimate of the trade oo ' *.w annually passing through the SS .?! "'^V^''^'^^" °f ^^« Gulf Uer trade commerce, and Ligatiol^^^-1^^ and also of the Untnes, above inferred to as pLui^. he 1 J^ v. ^'^'? ^"^ °^ «*her *'rt«Wy counting to $400?Oo7oio ?r^ ''^T^' ^""^ ^^^^ed it follars) That it mult increase, and ranfr ^T^'""^ '"i"'«"« of «, and particularly that of theXSi^^ an immense :Florida.andtheisla^U f^iT,";,^-^^ «nd navigation, the Straits 3 particularly the positio^of^^^^J^^Jf «^ Southern Florida i^hest consequence to this countryln^timTofi TW^i^a,, are of the Z S?'''^ ^ ^"P*^^««t to th.e commerdS a^I n ^ • "^ ^^P"'^*^^' They lie Atlantic States, and of the AtiJ^Z^. navigating int^restaji ates and of the gulf ports '%r;™^«eaports as to thoie of the H California and OregS^h^e^rimStT.h*'^ ''^' ^^^ rests of the ^eat valley of the Mi^siSJ U ^^^ ^gr^^u^tural in- eoutptsofthemilita^andnavTSSnf J ''^•^^ important as Atlanuc coasts, and as points froTlfu^ ^"^'^^ ^y are essential for the prConTall n^^ '"* '^'^ ^ ««^«y- tog interests, not merely fn, oTu> or fmitK *^^^!?f <^ial and navV Imost of the West IncUes, and with ftT""' l^ ^^^^ ''"^ with CubJ « fbrther south, and ^th S^iS^" WrlcT^T^ ""' '""'^ ^^^ tave and valuable trade with the rich conn.r" I P"?'!^*^* ^^ «" mm and its tributaries being soon ^nS?*"^- '^'dering on the recent auspicious change^T,fthraffS"ofth'."V' ^"^'^'^^^^^ ^^^ "II "rr ??°"^ ---'^"-— "^^ t^^^ ^^^B=m=w&Wfsr Uureoaimercpi«Bvtorwi; f*^*^«t«t andTB© r- Statt. on Ae western S^ ?f S"'^"^ ^r«h Brazil and „iu, ■r « h :tf r^ f ' M'if,\,;\l'.,j. J J, ^ 0^ m^^ ■'^ fv\: ■ii^iu v.-m ^ii i'fe ^'■ * < IT. 798 H. Doc. 186. lieces'.i^ pass within sight of these two positions above designated, *SXS^ of it through the entire extent of the ''Straits." T^tugas is to the Gulf of Mexico, to the Straits ot Florida aid ^ the Caribbean sea, and in fact to the entire West Indies, what Malta StotheMediterran'ean and Adriatic seas, juid the countries on their shores. The f)ositioii of Gih^^ltax with reference to the commerce Sing throug\i the Gut into and out of the Mediterranean is not a. S^mLding as is the position of Key West, with refereiice to all tlJ iZiense commerce of this country, foreign and dpmestic, and that oTioreign coiintries, passing through the Straits ot Florida. The toru- fications at the Dar^ielles. do not move completely eontipl the entrance to the sea of Marmora and that to the Euxine ; or the Castle ot Cron- berff that ot the Baltic through the sound at Elfemore; than the forts nt lev West and Tortugas wUl, when tinished and garrisoned, andl 'aidei by the modern naval power of steam-frigates-the most tormida-l ,^le eyer known— control the entrance to the Straits ot Florida, .inditsP '^Ke'ytwSfi's one of the finest harbors in the United SUates. TlJ largest ^hips-of-war can enter it at any time with facility. The anchorj agfis secure, and it and also the Tortug... are being well forihedJ Tortugas protects Key West on the south and west, and the latter « equallj essential to the full protection of the former As Key ^Vesj has a channel of ingi^ss .md egress from and to the Gulf ot Mexico J well as from and to the Straits of Florida and supported as it . b Tortugas, having similai- channels, it would require lor the blockade^ a naval force in either thrice the strength ot the force blockaded; an the blockading tbrce must necessarily be so divided as to prevent d junction giving it eflfective superiority. These two posiUons ^v,lll formidable to Sny power that may provoke this country to a war, m that has possessions in, or convenient to, the West Indies; for, bes.^ the Gulf of Mexico, and not-only the Havana and Matanzas, but t entire island of Cuba, and every other West India island, and the wh Caribbeaii Sea and its coasts, could be successfully blockarled by , vigilant and effective force of wai-^teamers to rendezvous tliere. Fro* thence any point in the region nanied could be assailed in ,9 few hoar Another consideration giveaoionsequence to this nosition with reM ence to the interests of the fradc, commerce, and navigation beM referred to. From a report made to the Coast Survey office by agent of the underwriters of our Atlantic and other seaports, it apjx ihat, from the ymr 1846 to November 1, 1862, the number oCaVmerd vessels wrecked the Florida reefs, keys and coast, arid brought d Key West, was 252; and the aggregate value of the ships and ca^ was 47.932,000^ The salvors were awarded on this property |7a8,3U or about ten per cent, average salvage ; and the ^xpefes incurred w $389,360— about /?«c iter cent, more : amounting in aU to 51 ,lb7,oy/j SKorei JsTssels and cargi^es wrecked there, are not mcludod. esUmated they equal at least oncjinh of our own in number and nU Those vessels that were supposed to be^ enUrely lost, and the crel of which probably perished, are not esUmated in the statement. H. Doc. 136. 799 l^P^ftl^X^^ -r-^ -c^ed vessZ ««. enforced by the a^m Ay court 'k1 "'.f?^^""" °f ^^ "«^^'''' «^ of Congress, is judicio J^dfaW^^^ ^'''' ""^'^^ ^"tb«-ty of 1 The extended introduction n 1 . "• defying the currents and the st^l-Thp" "''''^^^^''°" ^^ «team power, knowledge of the reefs, and keT and .nT'''^" "* '""'"^ ^«="rat^ U.rse of the winds; a^d theSCd sS t?^ '"'■''"^^^' ^^ ^^e part of navigators, and. the erectfon of fnrTl. ^''^^*^' ^^'^ «» the ieacons, buo^s, &c.-it is hoped mar rp' "f ^^^^''J njht-houses, # oD.tbose reeiS and coasts, and the imm'^^T '^'^ ""'"berof wrecks^ Uiefly by .a./em mercha^S^ or shin nr '" ^"''^' '"^^^^^^d thereby, there will always be ma^ unavddE?r' ^ '"'"™« ^^^^^^ bu navigation, rfe subjectVf 5ev te ^^ ^«*^ndant upon that prevention of shipwrecks an?l V^l^ . "'''^"«' booking to the LtmctionofpronLyonthereef^rr"' -^^^^ "^ ^""^'''" ^f- anl Lends itself to tL consi^atLt of everTTr '^^^ W^«^' -«'^- Provision for the destitute marinei caL unnT.f ^' ''T" statesman. Ltes^L^fe^^^^^^^^^ .There are no public- laorm, or by having been ashori nl^ sb'ps mjured in battle or bv Isidcand Norfolk, g, vlrgi.lfon'tho aT ' •'" .^«"«^^«1^' «" the guTf Itespital at Key West. ^Sr™ no n ? ^'^I^',. There is no naval Lrehouses. Thera.arc no singes" of^I'v.]" '" r"^'^ "^^^'"'^ «^ " |.««««;,« oy war. There are nTSlic ^nnr "^'^^^V «^'««'«^«^* or Ik steamers, or other naval orl£ar^ .S^r' "^ T^'T'"' ' "« -««^' Ideposite them in, if taken ther^ S.^ ^'''"^ ^?"'^' °' P^^^^s to t refitting of vessels. There are non.^H" "" ""^^1!^* ^°^ ^^^e repair Mements, or tools, or macWnerT or tackle f '''""'^tT' ""' ^«'«^"^'' oase is the same at Tortuga-T Th. nV ' °' '"''^ "''J^^^t. And the « atPensacola, six hunSl l^LaTotlZ^'T^'^'l^l^^^^^^ JUDdred mfles up the Atlantic cSls! ^ ' ''"'^ ^"'■^^^^' "''^^ fctT TtTh ""^ P"""^""* ^^^^^^S'^t demands a chancre in th ppects. At the present session r,r n^. i^ncuige m these Uy thousand do4s is ma?e"?ore3^^^ «n 'ippropHation of. H purposes, at Kev WeJ '' 1V« ^'^bhshmg a depot for coal, for ta in' thrfortkcaSs'^ley &"&" " ^""T '"^^'^ pW «de. It ia believed. soundSomTdSta^^sffsnS' ^'"^«^-'K«^ Ji given as would enable them tnh« 1 , ^"'''', ^"""""ts Should hKS^Ipr^i^Sr^^^^^^^ ^° -,- -dezvous for our H and dock rer^risTS t^.^'„^,f„^^^ "^.hty of a public ship- let. That port should be rehp^^^fr^f "^^ "^ '" ^^^^^^ «« the sut Jd materids for repairinrand refC^ BF shTp:cEandleiy [ant-vessels, iniureJ InTnv 1? r ^. ""' f'"P^-«^-war and mer- [takenin by "'saivor^'^r?; n-'t"^ ''T^^ P"' ^" there, or tl would be a ju7and f ? ^^f.^^^^bment there of a naval hos- tplaoe for tl J United sJ "', ™''^"'"'^'- ^^ ™^^ '-^ «top- -6f . r United States mail steamers betyveen Chagrw k^ i V I ©-^ * ^ M ,'M ^ t . S'4 ' I « ■ '%♦ m*i\ '"V . i* ',H ." j^i Doc. i8t. iilo and New York and NeW Orleans, and all others going to, or re- JSrning from the South, the advantage thereby afforded of shipping wrckid ™ods bv the large steamers directly to New York or to fjew Scans St S^irnportatt to the insurers an(H.thers interested. The Sop'ron of the measures suggested could not but result beneficially j^ the country in every respect. To wait till circumstances of necessity forcrsuch results-^till pnvate interests ore constrained or induced to •build up private ^abuFhments, and provide the means for making Key West a rendezvous and haven and depot, as suggested-is, t is con- ceived shortighted policy. Public and general interests are nvolved, rnrpubUcXf rnmeWal aid should be yielded Key West willbecome moreCd Xe essential as a place of depot for American coal as the Seam navV and steam mercantile marine increases. If T^huante^ shoukl be Lade a good route of transit or of passage to the Pacific, Sey West, being in the direct pathway of steamers from thence to the Atlantic ports and to Europe, and about rmdwayf f^^ voyage to and from New York, will be Absolutely indispensable to the steamers m ^'^Co'gtr:^^^^^^^^^^ in favor of Key West'bejnginadea prhcfpal naval station, and for ^stabl^hmg a navy-yard thereof the g tXss. Besides those arising from its peculiar advantages of po«. tion before alluded to, in time o? war and of peace, the facility ot pro- curin^all kinds of naval timber chcaplv, and also of tar, pitch. and| turocntine, from the contiguous public (ibmam on the peninsula ,s • mSer deserving consideration. At any rate, it should be made . Siary yard for the repair and rrjitting of vessels-of-war injure , -bSe 5^6y storm, evenlf it should be deemed injudicious to cmm oiS ships there. Large sums have heretofore been ex^nded d -Port Mahonfand elsewbert in teeign ports, by the Umted States f3 Sar limited public establishments. If provision is niade by lawj SwTng\^n proper tefms, the use of such works for the repair, Sing of wrecked merchant-vessels, it would be highly advantage. to the commercial and navigating interests of the A lantic seaboard. The superior eligibility of Key West as a naval station and dejK and the sSund policy of fcrtifying it strongly, have bng since been ura ™ tLTovcrnment by officers of the army and navy at the heJ Zir prbf^ion. President Monrc>e^8 me8sag|e, Jannary 20^ 1823^ Setary Thompson's communication referring to Commodore MJ W^^eport. L. 8ta, Pa., tit. Naval Affam,p. 871 ; alsc, Comnjc 'Sers's repi)rt, November 24. 1823. tlnd.,p. 1121; also Pre*J :. SSi's executive order, April, 1829, and Secretory Branch s^p in 1829, Sen. Dhc., Ut »esi. 2Ut Cong., vol.h No. 1, p. 37 . and Coma dore Rodgers's report, ibid., p. «86 ; also President Jackson^smeya, U^%& and^Seiretary'^Branch's letter and Captain Tauidl. ort, Sen. Doc, Ut .«.. 2Ut Cong., vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 1, 2. and 6, rtMauiy's^rt. ibid., ^. 116 and^79 to 184; and Lieutenan * TV's qpsays in Anthem Literary Messenger oi May. 1840, «p. 3 , 2c.; an^d numerous similar papers to be fo""^ m the pubW 4oamif»ts of Congrew since 1821,-8how this. The kte Commo ..itib . ®- DoSx. 136. David Porter, at different times nffi • „ ^^ . nations published in the n^f: °® ""'^y ««d unofficiaflv in mm • dore Porter wS?h'''* "-^^P^^^ '^ those ^tj^^^'7 fd meafures gle for independTnc "fer f ^'^ ^P^Kmei^ointr ''""^"^ settled, as a noint nf T i P^^"' ^e used Kev W» * ' l " "®^ strug- to be protected bv a cl • 7^^ Havana and Mant-,^ enaoied to well In tie celebraSd'r^S C^^'"^^ «^^* ""^i aS'4 Laf T^^' JV«. 243, 1,/ ,,,,. 24^^!^ Congress, April 8, 1836^S^ ^^Wde. . War under Genera tT'^^"/ "^^de by Genera rl« \U^' P""''- *"'^- 6, bodies all theZ;l^f"^««"' ^"^ ^'"^h, it has been ^^» ^-TW^y <>{ ms as an ecoSv!. 1 ''^T'' ^^^ g^nerd sZtZ ."^""^'^^fed, em- pitions like Key Wesf^'',^'^^"^^^ ^^ans of 1^"? ^«^?t fortifica- ottions to tht svste,n • ""* ^^'^"gas aro exceD,eH I''' 'H' ^*^"°tiy, inaiycoastiXSnro"T^' ^-^ 1^^^ -eZ wut^ tt r^^^^ Mval works, m., ppTl Ts 1 '"^^ ^^"^'- They aTe rather „ ""^T °^ The opinions exSsed n, / ^f ' * "'''^^ tothe United States in th . "" ^^'^ ^^^"^ of%ey Wp^. ^ m iar^byno means pe^iLrlTK"™'"^^ ^"^ PaplKbove""^ 7'''^"8^ |e^ressedthem.nora;erhe^;'LT^^^^^ ^'^ ^nd ofer^wEh'^' m of peace in fT """"' '" ""^ ^"of ms .fl,"^ "S""? "f Eaa 1188, when they we^e i^^^V'''''''' '™S i^ herlS"""" '"'' '^olmoreimportanceWGreat rS!^ • ^^ °ther Florida tl^I u h^^^b^^ -^"-^w^crc^err^i^ ^^ ^ „„ °.-L ^°""P *a nro " u n h/>Mlil... t i ■„ "^^^ '' ■ ,1' . . . ■ V ^ i !* ml m 1 '4 q r !:* J'l Ilti Hj_ 802 H. i)oc 18^ ' J * • ««t a ffood reason for withholding the means ••«>rv creat extent, and it is noi a 5 _™pas;ties ereater, for such works He^dvantages are ^-V^^^'-^^'^'' SZ Z^' ^ ^"^^ ^^ ^« Sxere than at oSier places. Be«^^^^ ^^^^^ fri^tes. (ifesti- construction tess than the aggyegate remembered that our mated at only f <>«f ^.^^^^^jfei d^^^^^ the amount opheir prime naval ships ordinariljr reqmre m eig y cost for repairs, retittuigr »c. , .^ ^^^^ forts were besieged, The objection has also ?eenurg subsistence or other succor. there would be difficulty ma Wmg them ^^ ^^^^ ^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^^ It is not easy to ^'"^S^^^.^XTneghgence and want of nrecautm.. produced by a course of fl«§tantne^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^ ^^ ^ with respect to them, that it is "«; >uie y _ officers. And it is Ir^ment^ time of war, nor by our ^"^^^^^^ ,^,,^\ denied, if such were the .^^^^^^y,^,'^^^^^ (such as Bahia Honda and jacent coasts, especially if some ottoe^^^ key Vacas) nearer the capes are protectea 3^ . ^e supposed &d cai be done,^artnflm^^^^^^ that there w*» no "^^«ifj'^^ "^^^^ hi been made in crude essays m to repel the enemy. The J^^^f ^^^^^where re-echoed thatCubJ poUtTcal newspapers, and ^t has J)een ^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^.^^^ ^^ ^^ 1 &e Havana, and the Moro Cast^^ axe .^^^^^^ ^^ ^ ^^ S^unguished naval or nvd,t^y "'f-'^^, ^^ve value 6f te J 8Uion3, i.d of Cuta, and ol th^ "»2ed on undisputed facts, a.dl UMnpJwrted by any sound '^'^'^' Xrbr vievis ofpolicy bejondJ Z ireraUy been "g^^ «•'-»" The Sea7 the ?IavL LJ t mere prelection of our commerce. "5^ ^ Tortugas are fonlJ Ldi as a key to the guK »hen ^^^ ^f' " ,erou9 The, m\ wmdwaxd of Cuba, an«.^^- . , f the commerce of the gull 4 outside ^e,ir^*fy ^SiiUrcUnelsof ingress and egwssto J slxaits; and they have diflerent^an^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^ .^j^ - g«lf and the strai^, whi e ^^e ^vana n ^^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ ^^ | ftraits. Vessels bound to SJ "^^^^f'^.'to the Flori^ ^^^^ ^^ 1 lo conf #; :-",l -.called puSS"eSl^';,*«-'''-4 a„S°Si*|L' f If"""- "^^ (he of the most „<,„f i . ' Possession of and for- ' I'CoaaSarVev*^ tLV ?"' P"'''ie "ndertak;„™ • i fenced if iW8»d^r"'*<''''°'wa^Tkl"^^^ " the inn«„^^j .- *p»o, and are exfon,].- " ,*t;ei, Keys, anri nnoo* — Ml ^^S;^'"^'- ^^™efr ra^^ |o inteUiMQj man A h "^^sw'tsTaT-""' ^-"s^hoCinL'r r*"""^ rwof thL li.if ? w"" "■ 1848. Th» »n„i 5 "° "■" "PPro- L»^^^^^/ ^'' aad reefe of ftonda. and iSo^ lli . ,1'. If " ['9 ' 8Q4 ^^ *■* " «rl!rS;ifKa V ,K,rL„s of .he CO * **• the " Coast ourvcj, y^SLsIfoW Some portions of ^e co will be found to ^^^ ^jl^^^ gU^^^^ surv'^ednhouA the delineated have not ^ yet been f^^^^^^^^ i#TW»Kres8% as ^ as fijicftf as .r^yedhl^J unsurtiyed hlte4)een ' i fr6m*tl» l^aftiaTf or lurvey officer^ The piftiiic . estsibKB^ent Attainable 1 moi ^W'--^ respects the,^asih ui *«- r,VlVnliii«r. The iMiBwn-from the lormer su^^eys^u ^ >n*^ M *^,^iM^'Xnce?nd professionL seems fUch is not the »s>^--.. j3-;.MiiBSW*,Km these and all similar ^o1^s^,m ^ „ '^^,'fllKfflKi^i^ Particularly those by ahipweck, >*#t# WM^Bci^ed. Their salutary results m Werceived by many, .^ve^he n,^- from destruction by the charts of hid- iroiu ,u^ fiimifihedbv the "Coast 1^ ■donc^c ^ temp/»tsip6sed mamer, when his ^nip ^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ?.i)e6t tHend,| , . ' ^* ' !sV '^.1 ' * WRECKS. fiSL <^ w, t'Kn, been compiled from Sen. 1)66. No. 242i 1 The foUowing st^tetnentJms been gomp ^^ ^^ jO^. Tm session 30th Congress, t>P- 26. ^6, ana i«a ,^F ^^ ^^^ ^, 6en. Doc. No. 3, 2d ^s^." ^^£9^^^^^^^^ 1861-*62, p. Uj andotk ten. Doc. No 42 ist-session 3^dq^^^^^^^ .; ^^^ ^M^^ ^' WerJiers" in New York, for 1852 " < ^^ . ) ' Crst^ars, whep there were ^^^ ^j u other nations. ^P^^^v^t 290 vessels. TJie eilMPf^ . wrecks is altogether a^t 290 ^se ^^ i^pB^sh«ta( from «alvag^ b^ ch^g ^missions, exchange, •coming ^- J>oc. 13G. THE COTTON CROP op THB Hvx^ " THB UNITED STATES. 80^ ^obPCtrialtToS "'»»*<' ''"'^^ '^Bpeotl retting to tEoW^"' «*"]"*'' 'nd comS f,L " J?''- ■ T*"" ^'e 1. That indiCL^ S°Z'" *' P"'"^'' States. TtefiLSrallv.r"'''''?"-'' . "Js" sometimes dmce qnalittes or ^^ • r j """^ ''™gs a much hiX *^ 'alter M white th^ s?o»e™dd:"Cl * "-«'■>" Stt E ,• V ^" ^aasons, uawa^&i W'^^OO pounds to each CS"l H'- "'°<^ ""d^rtSf ,™ r,' agJi-y' and with Zd KM, have been produced Th?h ^. W*f %phnd cottofto fnof cotton, and th» *?j .. ' """"f* emnloved In ■>, • •' '•1 •• L Jt uM 1 •- d -<« m ^'i i ■ ' i.fliH ir i - ^'f^PI ? , fj. ' ■ ^ products. *. ... .u_ ^^^ «f tSrymaSon''"'' Potatoes|vtacl ates adapted tn .»,J ^i?..,, *;?. mthp Blln..f ,S[_1- . *v bneitfhr - . o^"»'y cultivated, and thfi nJ^^T r ."'^ snort^staple f awnand for sea-island is not^SI;i^ " ^^^^ «hort slrole. AnJ P«^ -«- penods. have beenf folK^ ^^^ ^^^^ Unite/states. within Jn 1805, '6, and 7 In Sfif^f )-■"-•;;;:: ''Z\'f pounds. ^ ^ -. y ^S09, '10, and '11 , 949,oSl » In 1812, '13, and '14 ('v^'l 25,297,867 « J" 1815 ■^^(vvax) 11,022,993 «. « '.- In 1821, ^22, and '23 " ■ ' 8,449,951 ♦« ?- f i *^ In 1849, '50, and '51 '■■■ H731,389 « ' < ' ^^1852 28,505,378 u; t f 'C TbeannuaJexportsofwseaLV'y,;' ^^'^^^5 m" > |it^'^, excepting the yiars 1845 '4fi !o^ ^"""^ ^r the last «,W.^ I the exports of the ^^nn^.S' }■' ^^' ^nd '62, were X„ • ^^ ^^^^TS, I , of"serisland''cotonh,'"'*^"'^^^- The Sa^J" ^^^V than IH^I,^ cotton." The "emSl .m ^?^ ^^^^ so ^ea" ar^ ^S '" ^^ P"ce« I ^ 14 tinued in force tiU tS"' l^^ ^«^eraber?2 1807 ^ S " ''^ei: ft' '^ ktoqua..ti^p?oSl'l^^^^^^ |h mjunoBshr affected f)iJ ^1 ^^"^ ^"1^7 restored m t ^ ^"tam ,^ F/ J years I8T2, ^iTan^f^r^'ri^'''' -^^^0^^ S/^oZ?'/''?'^ f i^ , States of raw "sea i^l^nVM ^^"^ ^""^I consumnrinn ^ ^" C""" *^e A I <.| W one-hundredth rft^ '^""^"' « >« estimat^n!' '"/^^ United kIIII I !« about 100,000 1^^^^^^ ~ ' /^ liRPflfk. cAponea m loreicn ahA tu^.^ • ;• "'nerent kinds Af I If ''" P th« mwrafe m/ae, of <« sen iS. 5?, "'^* '^ domestic vessels .»f« f " ^' 1; '* ' N m the published reports ?^"^ ^"^ «^ " ^ther colton " a^pT! f I ' li ^B'^'^^^-^S!-^^'"^ lift S» *PP?^«' •"'Ift^Md dTM^- »"°^ fi^ H ^ " # t <■ '^ ■,] 808 raised in the United quantity,) may be ci .A comparison of ' ••all other" doip--* fab86ryed^.n«ce88arily limited in upon. ^JETof 'f s^a-island" 6otton with.those of .•all other" dorpe^^.^^^^^ •7 the former 9W<»unted to 23.809,7 W i^una8,|^j^^ ter exported^dpring. the same .I^^^^^^ ji^Tess thJS a>«A. proportion of "sea-island ^^^^^"^^^iiiililiuanuty. In 1821, andfto the ^tire exportatioa less t™^™-^ ^^.V ^^ ^j^^ '22, and '^3, the pronortion ^^ /f^T^^^^ and '61 thatprcv -^2^m^hS^^r lftheMar'l852, ^^^^^ port»oi>«gri 11 7^076 tJounds, and the proportion tg.the entu^e «, I^^Sn ' /" Itt^n crS^^^^^^ United States haB increased since i7Q0%tE frapl^ -eCple^ in. history, by any l^roduct of 1790 A with a rapioiiy ^„ jymentatiqn in respect of quantity, as agricultitfe, m any country. Its ^"8^^"^""^" f ^^ manufacture for ^ fbr.^ Titrj^ctf oT:^^^^ its ..ra.» state, eayoriaiwm, and te ^"^"^""^^r ^f/^L^^nce ahd value as ^ artick rilS^^S^tseiuencT^^^^^ - an article of heces^ i ^-n JtL Ss of employment to the manufacturing cla»f SlVnS Sf ciaSy of'oLt Britain) a.d of tbs country, is db without precedent. '^ domestic ^tvUni cotton anterior to 1801. , The ex^orrnvm .^f .^^"Jf "^^X^^n for the rea^ns before stated.. lows: ■^ ° Exporis^/raw cotton fr^ the^tJnk^ St(Ue$. i^^ YWTB. cotton. " Iti^06,4.aBd'7.. .&fe 1808 ■--•I fE 1809, '10, and '111 % In 1812, '13, jmd '14. ^Inl8i6 : In 1821, '22, and '23. ~~^ In 1^49,^60, afid *fitT **^' InlSW., .Po 114,18 9,G8 181,012;086 54,703»407 74,648,796 408,560,381 2,66 0,716 >684 1,081,492,664 Pomidt' 137,992,011 1^630,446 206,309,963 66,726,400 8^^,747 443,291,770 1,693,236,639 : The official returns show that the i«<^^ «? ^^XTb^J ijj^ns of aU kind, of dome8t»c raw cotton, since it h^,^ $32,004,001 ■ Oarimpc 2,220,9| Bodoo 33,274,4i ■ the yeai - 8,087,69 ■coQsideri 17,629,2i m not 8h( 64,638,0i Pjgn artic 25Q.696,9| piaccoun S^l ' Ai'- essarily limitetl in 1t" [^£jottoIl Official ytiam d... J^^-^ if. '■""'. \ 2,011 $32,OO4,0( 0,445 2,220,9! 9,953 33,274,4( 6,400 ■ 8,087,6S 6,747 17,529,a 1,770 64,688,(1( 0,962 26Q,696,9( H. Doc. 186. ■;3!^ .' a jMominent article nr f ■ 809> ^'^r^ttn^S'-ZT'^ ""»^i'y S'™« Z.''*?'' I« mamfest by tajiiii T. ' '' '"" "eadineas of th7»„™ . • """ :8"- Tean. ' cotton. Difference. Poundg. DoUarg. 1111806, ■»,& 7... |iil8<9,'50,^L'51.f i, 881, 415 ""6,614 ,m 1.831,387 229,080 ^,29,622 12,521 ^""''- ^'»"-- fp^i^^dri^ 6,494,439 1^.093,362 184,(^34 1.506,610 203,327 11,340 1.386,976 163,243 400,093 244,548 324,719 25,738. 18,688- 12,581 The quantities and valufc ^7Z~ ' ~^ thetreasuiy retumsj Mfce onJ^^^^^ ^^^^ not all been fonn4 ^4 average of mediumX3 ^1^°" .^^^ formerlj^ v^^ SZ & v^ioudy estimates i but theTccoiStfnr?."^?'^ ^^^«« y«^« has XT' "" ^^?^ '^' ^^ '7rW5"42 soo"!?!;"^^*^ fr°™ about $388.. |U>e year ending June 30 TsS 1 '^^^ '" ^849, '60, and '51 ronadering thislncreSe it' })1^a /'^^y^^ounted to $21S 613 2sa '■ycou n t "^. '"Stances 18 ge gfe r t h an appe ai a S^ - ■v." I^j|— ^=— — o--^-*»«--'«u appears i^ ^^^fr^L'thXffsta^^^^^ was destined w^ here. We rec«,V«^ fi.! r_^-**^ ^"^^^g" countries, aiid w«« n!j I^-Vrly ^^'" Wr^eS tt Wh^^^^ countrieV^id e It has beco«iortatK)n, and the incidenf«l ol^P®"^ 'l"*'^^' ^ess the dmv VandUe-in5d;m:a"^^'Sro;i^ expenses ot storage, &c. This "car- V Ifr.-* 1*1 .^ ■'4 mi' ■\'i J Vft.'. «I0 fl^ll00r^l86^. rvinir" trade has decreased' mow in proportion than any other. Thj Slowing account of 8uch »fi»p-«gate importations and ex^^^^ of dl foreiffi merchandise, andliewige the next foUowina^count at to ZeZcZn^ man^/aifuwi imported and «P!«^tf* "J ^^^'i:^;.??'^^^^ CmlUustrate thes^ remarks. T^e d^rence « *« true amount of such W^^tion can^fned in the United States, /he aceo^nt8 o^^^^^^^ tabV annually published by the ueasury, do not direct attention to ^4aUon ; and therefore its true decrease or increase, and its acft«,/ tZ^muii or ptogreu, in ev^ re^U is not manifest without clo«e , investigation of several different tables. - - • „^^i,„„a- The value of importations and exportations of /«^.^ merchandise, jmA "difference," (being the amount c /■ h v ./-/ in any otber. The 1 exportationsofall trine account as to in different period^, true amount of such icbounts, or general direct attention to ide, conaraerce, and -eascj aiid its aetml nifest without cloge hreign merchandise, i le United States,) in iporta. Difference, coii' | turned in U.S. >, 804, 295 r, 125,277 }, 300, 000 1,296,598 5,600,640 3,106,813 8,997,414 1,211,616 l,488il41 3,070,976 «. 600, 408 1,192,312 8,467,412 il, 656, 931 », 460, 478 », 640, 041 56,054,117 il, 163, 918 »,759,10« 34,704,.611 49,172,988 21,606,293 12,037,043 180,695, Toil 118,330,9911 139,067,2 150,388,8 140,3»9,3 215,404, IS 43,992,981 l0U)9uclfa 100,511,8 316,314,2 aa6,ru,i 16S, 374,1 179,396,141 180,8B,5 216,63S,f 3»,8ftl 388,632,9 346,9aSt« 243,»1,K 350,787,3 .431,821,fl 19(,at,l ino,8»,i )orted« are uidudedj via]|) in ibrmer tabic //■.. •■■// /.■■- foreign fMn. I — -f- «^ good, mported and exported, ^. ^9ort,. Export.. 811 ^tH.aad '26. |w;«e,«iid '29. |M'»,ud '32. m'34,n)d '35. m'sr.uid '38. ■-*,'#, and '41.. ,'48,uid '44. „,'46,and '47.. )8,'4»,«iid '50.. 1.«a«« •«•• •,.,, '— • iDiiTerenoe, «ob, aumed in U. a ♦86.391,495 ^.753,307 28,674,440 34,352,203 5173,215 36,626,258 33,160,701 26.178,789 42,586,782 54.886,149 28,164,442 1». 689, 496 •5,863,132 ''.112,628 5,646,493 7,640,409 9.0^,209 6,602,600 3,287,810 1.560,166 1.661,891 8.214,361 677,940 991,784 120,528,363 28,640,7185 23,087,8i|7 26,811,794 24,lQ4,00tf> 29,023,658 89,881,891 24,698,633 40,924,891 58.070,788 21,486,508 18.697,718 I A reCerence to the more detailpri «. . " ^—-^ VViXd^n?^^'^'"'"^^ have hutattt '"'^'^^'^'''''ofom krisnJZ^Jj ^f" °^ this countrv- kiiSf ^SS^ useful to the Yj ^- » " 1 I m. m ikU >iin I. kf •^ •! ♦'! k'v ^^t--^ . A^ PU K'^' r-^ -^ ■ ■,- .r . ^" ' 812 B* Doc lae. u E^^^io^ of 3orne,^^_c<^^ Years. In 1826 In 1827, '28, and In 1830, '31, and In 1833, '34, and la 1836, '37, and In 1839, '40, and Value. '29 '32 '" '36 " '38 '41 ■ ■■ in 1842', '43, and '44 • WW} ll',955i93l In 1846, '46, and '47 U 15,385,751 In 1848, '49, and 60 ._ J 7^241,21 Inl851 ~ 7^72,15: In 1862 $1,138,125] 3,429,103 3,6H070| 7,477,1^ 8,846,962| ,9,647,186 9,093,110 c r ^„,-«« "raw" cotton consumed in the Unii Though the quantity of /^^'^ Suctinrtbe exportalions of si States is readily, ascertainable by deducting i ^^^ ^^^ cotton from the i^^^^auons ; and togh the vai _^^ ocessTlnd riLr:LTe'r ty *T?rX"f iSeaUc raw eSu.„ L^ in this country. ..nnsumed in "household" or ''hoi In the first place, the quanUty consumea m ^^^^^^ -^ ^ made" manufactures ^^."^^"y fi^^'^ii^^SlCplied throughout ,sumed in the infinite ^'^l^^^ ";^|^,,fX^^^ hL to guessed, ^jthout very cerw^ southern shipping port, f' °rfct isUeS^^e accou^^ cannot be ascertaineiT 1 by sea, before it 'V^^'V"^ irt^ ^he Atlantic ports are very high, rates of msurance rom the ^;^." ^^ "^X^^f t^^^ of these to shoul4 be some «"^^"\by^^"=h to j^^^^ ..Aome^mod."^ The last census returns state {he v^ue 01 ^^^ factures in the United States to be J27,6H,679.^ ^^ ' ^^ North CaroUna, South Carolma, Ge^^. ™^;,,tSey'lide H Arkansas, IjEssissipp, I^'^^^^^J' J^£' SuSi "he a^egate of \ of *14,636,000; being more ^^/^Xf tKholTwh^ iSpuM equaUing, at 11.31 cents per pound, 66,372,0((Kpouii| ^ "'ZTutS^i^d U.at 7.600 bile, of m lta.>i,A «« jfc ■ .-< . ' •'• . , . lain yean and •periodi. ^ H: Doc. 136. »„ Value. $1,138,125 3,429,103 3,6H070 7,477,1^ ... 8,846,962 9,047,186 9,093,110 11,965,932 ^ 15,385,75! 7,241,2ft 7^72,15 •(Misumed ia the Unitf e pxportalions of su lup of the foreig^man| similar process, and | r of raw cotton, (of f Lis well nigh imposslbj jtic raw cotton comuK 'household" or "ho and that^hich is Applied throughout t L 18 grown? has to S'fciuantitjr destroyed 1 uthern shipping portj ot be ascertained. Tj ports are very high,! \e extent of these k I the ^'hom-'nutde'^ h Of these, the Stati la, ^labama,'Tenne Kentucky, Jnade»pw4 h the aggregate of tH hole white t)tflpulatioi|' . a 'principal njaterial ;very ^ip&s'i ^"^ "^'jj ieredexfr^4gantto8 90 lbg.''iBach, otS, 613 I rf pounds, are annuallv irto* j '*' ,**' Lf£e crop, as above sfaS \ S vT^J ^1 "«^ P"* into the ^.ount The second item is the^n„nt^ valued at «339,000. -^ of cotton in the United StS."toi"SS^^^^ do„,stic manufactories, [^course must b^ad to unoffickl staSm^nT^'r^' ^'^^'^ approximately. L»«mierciaJ accents, that cannot hpnfv,"' ormanufacturers, and h Je more.autheii^. but m1Z2i:^ZZ'^'^ imperfect ;^axid to J the last census returns. The ^^,'' Xi^cJuaing .^i^/^i^f censu. account^ relating tr^S^te*^^'^ thebaic! aT«'^f.4,^l""Pl«{:d.'') thou^ lake the above imRmon of th«i»« k i ^ *"^ ^^^- each." does not ale, incorrect. T^&^LS^^f'&l' l^r^'"' ''.""u' ''^' "^^^ atements and estimates in this paper ftlm F^Tk^ k*'^"^^ ^ ^he Nycomparisons to be made.^^^ ' ^^^^^P^^" ^he. above.) ||pnable W^^'?^^:r^7%T^'r'' T -^^^ - ^-^^en in k&c., and 13.ko b^aWba«4^^^^^ Rvalue of domestic w#6Uen mfn.r f^ ^^ ''^"^^ ^^ $61,869,184 k of fmestic iron mSc"u^rf ^1,T^' '"^''^ ^' «43,207,655 . fc of 1177.9^ banX^Vle i^ij^^^' ? f *'6^^^^ The |".ufactured, i not statef SlLniS' wlS^ r'l^^8«"°"« °f 'Sm, . (cotton manufactories. it iillSe ISn i Ti?^' °^ ^ ^*»<*« empl«,yS 1,286,804. Thewooliyn£n,£nf ".^ %^*^n«"sfeturns.,aSgui* to khands-inaU^gX^ t.r.„ m>i.Ul5,tori gfn.J.y ny^^^^^^ J ' ,.-.i ,rT.. ""^^ annual waces nrnmint *^ «i/r ««^. M distilleries empby^^^^^^^ NgivenI . np^oy 0.487 hands, the value ol^^hose labor |(.' .H 11.' «f ,-6*-' r I- f ,"'-7 ," HLDoc. 196. ) of ihi 814 iS67 134,760, is the value of the domestic cotton manufactures, made In our own cotton-manufacturing .estabUshments, and consumed in the United States. . . . . /• ^ r *v The value (and afterwards the quantity) of raw co«on for th^se re- spective portions of the domestic cotton manufactures ot the United, States, may be ascertained by a deduction of 50 per centum of the value of the manufactures, for the cost of manufacture, wastage, profits, &c, and calculating the quantity corresponding to such value, at the pnce for that year, of fair "upland" cotton. The correctness ot this mode will be verified, as to the year 1849-60, by reference Id the items in the census account of the manufactures of cotton above given ot the value of raw materials used, and "bales of cotton used, and "value of entire products," and to the expenses of manufacture, as set lorthml that statement. i • ,i, i-'„;*^a q. . The quantity of domestic raw cotton consumed in the Lnited fetate^ in foreiin maimfactures, has been estimated by a similar c^cuiatm with reference to the "difference" between the importations intcand exportations from, the United Bti.te?, of such foreign manutactures b^re mven. The enhmced value of the foreign cotton mmiufacture is stated at 100 per centum more than the raw cotton, and mcudei fi-eight, insurance, duties, and all other expenses ; and the cheaper lab in foreign countries, and the higher value ot the sea-island cotto generally used in such manutactures, and profits, &c., have also considered. . ^ , . ^^ „ » J The foUowing estimate of the quantity of domestic " raw cotton cai sutned in the United States, in domestic and in foreign manufectud and in " household" of "home-made" articles, &c., for the year end. June Ist, 1850, is beUeved to be nearly correct. Consumption of cotton in the United States in 1849-50. In domestic manufactures— deducting value of those exported fro value of entire manufactures, and also 60 per "*-nt. J>;/ost crfm- ufecture, profits, &c.-about $29,000,000=266,638,000 1 hi foreign manufactures, (from domes- tic cotton,)— deducting from imports, ($20,108,719) value of exports «i< same, ($487,107)»|18,681,612; and 60 per cent for cost of manufacture, . dutiVs, profits. &c.,' &c 9,840,800- 87,087,000 ^t uSfc bT^^ ;">46,840.800 410.097.^01 The total consumption in cotton man,itfactwes same tinie-for«>' domestic-including ' ' home-made," amounted i., more than $82,000,« upwards of three-fourthi of which were amU »» f^ United btotes. Fractions are equalized in this estimate, aijd the value stated atl officiat average valuation of all cottoo for that year*. The cottnu imsm sin 1849-'5D. 0,800 410,097,000 A I>oc. 136:. which the foreien mar^tr ' ' 8T^ compsed, being moX.^^''^"'"f« consumed in the T^nit. i c butin such cas?Tvni^^'l?^^<^'''«s value shoiLu^ ^^""^^^ are proportion to qunntLtdf- '^'''^'^ <^««on o,^^^^^^^ values of " sea-ishny» , P"^*^' ^ make th^ ^^^ °® reduced in tr^u^acCS""' ^"^''"Pi«ncI''should\eTp?s:r^^^^ ^^^• The domestic consumption of ^''' "" *^^ a M crop increles i?^ ^ "^^^^^^ ^^^o addT to tt ^^ *° *^"^« «* "ew . Similar difficuE exist with -n^umption; an* iJty and value of t},p . . * • ^"" respect to the asr^r^B • ^ of e.u-a,a&^ .i:t^: °f-- -r.™ srch rf '"^ '>°-- jbtitem IS the ouanfiV^r „ i , ^"'P ^re adontPH' . "^ Various dm. The valufsLtL f"" 1°'"'= '» not olw™l7, t^^-^ry returns "prices current" of tJ^J^ ' " erroneous, bv r^f^L ^ ^ *^^"' ^^ow- Weles,, m,hTn«^ 1'^'' ^"'•"'<=- SumI T"" o»' this yi..mi.the",if^7^he^aasu^pri4ttd"f^'^^^^^^^^ Bkerof acresof S f„ *,*" >"'■<' ""P" is bv ™,- ■ ^ t^i«o^tr^.»"^i'ir-:^^^ f "U" &^""S'". ^"e^iCt." Wcou'^n'T''- fhe foi ow ng I'a o» ^„.- . . « are prone to- ".cnTide'!""'-- ""'"'^ ««A.e e's^^fr^^^r a^o^ "I* '" ,» "., ^•-. .'. -ji'-yLf \>r>J - -IT " " gl8 H. Doc. 136.r , Entire crop of IS^^-'dO. Used for manufectones in the ^"^^^'^ggg 559,000 " = 32,607,000 States .•..•---"•"*'*"*'*"'* ' r ' «fl(««cAoii,'' 6^'«A<)me-maie'' manuta^^^ ^^ =7,500,000 PesttoVed^bf^orotherwise,andnot ^^^^^^^^ ..;^- ^^^^^^\ received in market _>J Entire crop of the UmtedState^ in ^g^J^^^^^^^^ u' ^112,^30,600 1 FracZ^-qualized in^U ^t^ ^;:t::Sd to and including 1862, i3 ^^^^^f „f ^he production of Cotton a The statement m the ^^ JS Tndbg Ju^e 1, I860. The daj the United States is for the y^^J"^^^ J'^ ^ ^^ ^^^^ J specified was before the ^'^f . °^ J^^^^^of the crop of the pre™ Pertained The^t^tem^^^^^^^^ of •« V- " '^c. ^ STe-rgr^^^^ Tf^^Hre^ndin^JuS^^^^^ :SS^:^. being more than ^^^-^^.^.^i:"^^ ^ th^sern ofT aifd the quan^ty ea^^d "^1861 (of ^J« |J°P^^ ,^ ,„ -- 927 237 089 pon^- T;^^^ Z^n of YsS?, of . • ^VS "o^r^'^.f ^^T^Sough its^«,/t., owing to the h^bpna ° L^Lk was more ihmt^^^^ The ex™, received for it, f^^^IJ^"^ 020,666 pounds »nore than those oN ^^ *%^ifl?o^ i^fvItS value wa? «6;687.649 less. The eayort.] .crop of 1849; and yet itBvalne ? . ^^^^ stated,, 927,237,d the crop ^fJfX^^^Jued^thetreaBuryaccountsat $112,31^^^^ '^^eSdetTe^'c^lirrelurns of the cotton crop of the seajonofj • liw a^Tment from the same returns is giif^n of the are^ *'''?^^«^'T,rc3S^«>tton for sale; the area.o! acres of. mpro Zi t':aSf::S"§»e population of each; which^may be.sefc rftference and comparison. , ? " ' M ■ ■ t -r-"'™^ ' g ^ N •/'■ ■ ."* ( I '-■ •_.«■■•■. ' ' lb8.=$71>984,600 )0 " == 32,607,000 ■ ^. §■ 00 '« = 7,600,000 ■ a. 00 "•= 339,000 ■ £ lOO «« =llM30,C . the values estimatedl ■ all cotton, that 1 cijpp from 1790, un roduction of Cotton i 5 1, 1860. The da 860 could have beei] B crop of the previom of ^^ exports," &c., fa The treasury accouiitj ig June 30, 1849, (r ,602,269 pounds w« in the census retur of the season of 18 was a very short en jeasonof 1839, of V mng to the high pncj ious crop. The er- more than those 9 less. The expcrul )ve stated,. 927,237,« icounts at $112,315,3J 1,093,230,639 pound/ »p of 1860; and by I ,732, or $24,349,5861 jpofthe season of 19 18 isgiif^nofthei ea ot acres of imp , wliich^ may be usefitj :' ■"*,•- :^.: , ^'■. .4': ■-.^"iih ..(V 818 H. Doc. 136. . 1. TT '.J RtntBS now amounts.- to upwards o\ ^e^t statements : ^ , 7 J «r 1 851 • and exrmts of all countnes m 1852. ^^^Cotton crop h,/ tlm vmU, of 1851 , ana i \ ^^ „ l# ' , ..0 000 000 lbs* .1,093,2^0,639 lbs. exported, nked suites..... ..-1.350,00«^^^^^^^ q^ ' ^_ " ^ . f^. . 40,000,000 " i^gypt, &c : - - - 200,000,000 " East Indies..-. 3 100,000 " ^,.West Indies. . - - - - - - - ' ,00,000 " •^ Demerara,Berbice, &c. q^O " Bahia, Macelo, i^c. . - - J J ^ qoO " Maranham, &c .- ^^' ' Pernambuco, Aracati, ^^q u Ceara, &c -•-- Brazil, China and all ^ . other places ^ ' Total.. -.1,899,800,000 25,000,000 " 150,000,000 3,000,000 " 600,000 11,000|000 9j000,000 11 25,000,000 » 40,000,000 " _ 1, 1,366,730,639 «' « i m^-:;' „ii tV.'it ;>« pstimated to becij.. The first column of tV^« ^^J-^^Thouth^^^^^ a,« sumed, m the -o""tries named^m n^ .^ ^^^.^ honT^cotton manj various domestic uses, ^/J^^^^^^^^^^ other countries. Inthe secoif factories, and likewise f^.^X to contigu0us foreign countries for nj" column is estimated the «^P«^^ .^ ^^^'^ eS^ &c. In the East Ind ufacture, as well as the expoUs to ^ , ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ such exportations, to ^""i^g'^^^^^XLuher's History ot LiVer^c gtated-^An^Enghshwriter, m 1824,J|m^ ^^^ ^^^^^^ ^ ^^ p. 116,) says, with ^^^P^^tl^?™^ and indirectly, nearly «^ P,res are "estimated ^« f,£y^fT^?ountry. AverylargepJ tenths pf the i«^"«««f PpP^f fo" °^ternal consumption. parUcuarly nloved. One-tenth of the 350,000,UOV tner •> j f p^gaOU Sore. The United f^S^i^w^le mLins) to Chin. J of domestic cotton «»^»"J^2eL J^ China; but our imports «» ( ftcpierly procured some ^J^^^^'-^^^paratively nothing. The j £^ ^4' uuu'tliciu w dcrrPBRinc- . g^ {^y aupieheimiiiHi-by^ ', There is not now any ««7^' Xrinteresfs' of the United Stal lural, oommeirciat, or »^n;'^^^2 J^^ of this conteW successful coinpeUtion With th^«^^^^^^^^ ^ ^y other country, mthepr^duction^^^^^^^^.^^^^ ^ ^ ,^ri i-rom the day our «depeiidence^M J^ ,^i, but fe* liU' within a iew years ^t, her leading si« , authorities, sustain ^; Doc. 13^. :, dimm«h and ni^veS^,?^^* and devoted evervr , ^' '^'^^^^.(h^^itrt^^^^^^ power to I m«t liberal »ta,"l?™i''°''«i«ened anH ,£ff' ^''««? »««. Tfe most liberal statesman r^^i*^n«d and saLnT ^"^^ ^f'^tet. Thp overrulecf. !„ Jav'^. ^^^P^*^ such doHpv / ^^^ councils within » negotiators, it wt^a^mnt?/^ ''^*' -^XS^' "«' but he was heexpc«-tationtoan5,pTof.h^^^ SLT'^ '« ^3^ th^ wn raw cotton ! 0»r • ^ ^o^d, even Jn ^ ' '"^ '"estrict ug ;„ fjre importance and valu?ri°'-' " Ss, did^nT" '^^^«^«'<>f o^r ^^ then recently emblrked *• ^' P^o^ucT ti h f 2 ^PP'-^^iate the " ever, not only Wsaw Xf .o? f ^•^^tivation^ ir^h' ''""*^' ^^'^h Theseprovisionswereofrn "^h^'osfjfletheenfi "? ^^^^^ity, "how- ' states Senate, befor^th/tSf '^^P""^^'* ^o^ 'he tST,^" its mfaney. fication." If the liberal fni^' '^""^^i "advise ^nW ""'^ ^^ the United JaD adhered to by Grear « .^'^^'eounsels I?Mr P^^^?^ " to its 'Sv h P^^^Perity, l^Ti{'^C^^ '""'^ ^-"^d hl-^^Ldv^"' ^f" ^^"P^^ I'd greatness, in a muU„ ^"""^ elements oTcf,''^^ i"' wealth I would not Iiave bSn r^'?*"" ^^^g^ee than%f '?^"^'^. and power le certain destiny ofth^^ '^'^"'"^"t to her "hat'th"' ''""^ ^^^^^nd t- We shom^ Itf'i rf 3^ -ould the'U^;;"^""^^^^^^ ►rebadourcommercei^^rMK^''"^^^ *"«es. before Y ^"^^'^ ^^^«le- k occurred. We sScflnf 2^^ ^ ^ia ions Th,^' ^'^^ ^^ ^812, Agricultural ana comS^^l"f>^>^« had, bef^e anH ^^'^''"'^"0 pral restrictions and rT ? ^ interests fettered «.^^.^'"^^ the war H% %i«Iatif on ?£'^^^/'"^ «" the on^^^^^^ by h^r' h Britain has not rell.!, ''^^'' t^"tii wltWn ' r""^ ''^'' ''"^- ^oun- l«onm«restsof°heS?i''''^"^heml an^ se^^ >'ears past, Nf of every meanaTk ^^e has used everv ^v • ^^P^^ial objects Ifae southern sS!ffi*'lP^««essed, to crel^7 ''^'^°"' ^^d avS [to relieve hSr/wf '^'' ^^"^deracy ^L^T^'^'^" ^"d ri^ h °^ en^ployment fo?r^ ^^P^nden^e u±" "ho ^"i^''" «^ ^^t^! K'^'dinWSw ? ^^^^ng ^lasSn .r ^'^*^« ^^ the r cost iXr^ZTS^"^- She expenmeL p ^^""^^cture of Mtil she ab^Lhed ,h^'^ •^"'«"'««. 4h T !h '" "' ^"^tivation. h«« to tho^rwliteT"'^^'«"of«dome^^^^^ of slave htice" labcJ!^^ jfjf ,heen held as 'S '''"l"^^'; « those pt quarters of f },« i !7 *^"^ of her numpmr.o ^he tried the B °f a' ttbft *- the cCraX& i" *» - ^■■'■■'. v r-,, ,n rh.. .■ /. "-■"^^teg wtf h |, nr p.;: 7 . '" JQ I* 7-^^— -— _______^-""'^'" apprentices, We have n ^^^^ constrained nrpUUiberalandinjunous me^^^^^^^ ,, per self- in past times to enact and entorce '^^^^^^^^^^ to the war, but defence, against her J^^^e^J^^^ ^^^^^^^^ by measures adopted since. That. ^'^'^""l. ''^T'l^JZo^^^^^ and able statesman, Mr. under the admmistration o^ Jhat pr ^.^^ countries, is because Peel, and that they now ex^t t^etvvecn t ^^^^^er, or re- cLat Britain felt that even^ a ttempt ^o ^^^^^^^ ^^^^ strain, or otherwi^ injure, ^^e t^^^^^^^^^ .^ „f ^ i^g ajamst the .v-ould certainly ^^cod upon her^elt. i^^ and against aSVantager natural laws governing Uadeand^c^^^^^ expenencod given by ^e supenot ^^^I^^^^^l^ fo" the productJon of an article ffie Ind effective (because ""l^f^^J^Xrof ^ !? T \ cotton, and the folly and P'^esurnptwn o j ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^ JorUf an exclude anS selU monoFly ^^^ . ^^^ ^ fully Remonstrated in the former cou .^^„ Ji^ ^alung cotton, us. V is, perhaos. b««\f?,\^;' ^f w^ K'^^ "'*''"" '1 to "toot the YanWs out ^^^^^^k ^onneaing the ^<=°^"^"^.?,2 of the United States is the mam^^nk^^.^^ ttade^etwlen them y^^^ Tote'eii^^^^^^^^ And the efforts to mdu^e to the Pf^T^J' .^ t Britain. Ffad \ — - — ■ ' '' 'r •' _^ , „_, .buBlve and denunciatory oCl ly tb« feelings and motim Ike Tm-kish Sultan, ^d _„„ . " 841 been tried in Mpv." • ''""°" o^' the allies «f 1^^ ^"^ ^"^ ^^^ commerce of South wfeHnH^- ^f"^'-^^ AmeriL i^I'"SV" ^«27' « W different pa,?:;rthc"Ej^^^« ^'"P- ofB^il • ^^ &' ^^P«b«« My and conclujveivt.^'^^''^"'^ in Africa- r^^" *"««' ^n cjmate, and lab^of 1 ^^^ ""^' ^^^tablighed'th^'^,;''" ^T has been of that vast rerion of tW """"5'^ ^n ^-uccessfuJIv . ''''^'' «^«>n8, styled the -cl^Tofy ' ,?«nfederacy which Sl? K '"^^'^ ^"^^ ^hose that region insist that ThSll "" '"'^^^ ^ntelhW co Ln f ^''^P^^' so much attributable tn in ,■'' rnerally concS '^''"^ Planters of oftbechmate in tha ?^'^^.'^al diffeieJ^S^ '"P^f^ority is „ot like latitudes, as it Ts i f^"', ^'"""^ ^hose o? sever J t' ^««in^iWity combined, and chUn ^? '-^^^^^mtages afforded T^ff ^'^^^ countries in Zone," and to tU^y ^ servitude existin/tK u ^""^ that patn- skill. and energ^^V tK^"^^%-ce"^^ t^^ ^''•^ "^'«- "^ , constantly imn?6vina!^'"'"'''^^n planter^aS ! .u ''P^'^n'^e, and ^uent menL7S!2TT "^ ^'^^''^^tion pursued hJ'lt ""^^^^^ ^d ^na, TeSL'ssee":L7Arr' ^'^^^^P-^^ns ofTht s'ta^eTf ^^«'»- ^ of the State 5fFS> 'H^^« below l^o'Jor h 1 ^"f ^^^ m all of the Sfnfl Vm ^bove ilie 27th mr^H ,'''?" ^^^itude ; and 34 Vrallel of^r^^^^^^ between l^jf of^Ar^^ ^^^*"d^^ "pwU of four hundrh """^f • ^^e region desrrSC5^^^° ^*^° ^^ Ftions are mounta^H '"^ ^^^^ ^^^"Snd squSe^ii:' ^u ^^^ °^ ke than two/tSa fro m ""' "^^^'""^ "^ith wX an^t'' *"?* ^^^ ' cotton, but t£t wh? u "^^"^^ ' and the qua^flf ^^^-^ "°^ appro- [.Ithit^rot^^^^^ ) 'V.I ^it-- *, •""Ho product of such a SJllC ''""^'' »"' if. 4 \o -r '». •■4( Wi ' l:n* ^» ♦l"^'. I- i*S >*J®' V^r.x ■■ ^t. H. Doc. 1»K '^^S.* ' ^ ' EHimUe of crop in 1862, and of cr^ Cotton Zone fnay ^oduce i V- n Florida Texu :- Aikaniaa Iiouiiiaiuk. Soath Carolina Ifiniinppi Georgia. Alabuua t I ■1 I 80,000 100,000 100,000 200,000 220,000 310,000 650,000 740,000 750,000 aft 2O,0O0 25,000 25,000 50,000 55,000 77,500 162,600 185,000 187,500 m ,3^50,060 787,500 160,000 200,000 200,000 400,000 440,000 680,000 1,300,000 1,480,000 1.500,000 k & • is 1^ 6,000,000 10,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 2,Q0O,0pO 200,000 6,000,000 3,000,000 6,000,000 2*8 . 311 •S B 6,300,000 39,200,000 750,000 1,250,000 375,000 375,000 250,000 25,000 750,000 375,000 750,000 3,000,000 5,000,000 1,500,000 1,500,-000 1,000,000 100,000 3,000,000 1,500,000 3,000,000 4,900,000 19,600,000 T «!, .>,r.i^^ifete of the number of hands employed m the cul. • ^^- «f^MBR?U be noticed that nearly two-thirds of the sbe ^ ^^^^n'*^ ^^KTs within the » Cotton Zone" are excluded. Some population of m«teswit^^^^ sugar-cane, rice, tobacco, and otk are engaged m fm cuiw^aiuju u © ^ ^j ^^ ^^ employed products ; others ]^rocure ^^^^«^ 'ome domestic servants ; an'd with on steamboats ; some are ^f Jl^^S atror infirm, and the women them must be included those of adva^ed age ^^ \^^ ^^^,^^ \ and children. Many of thes« doubtloes contnou^^^ ^^^^ J when living on plantauons, ^^^^ ™^., ^^^^^^^ a large number ol in various ways, than is g^^«^;^5y .*^;i" '^fo^ „„ agr^^^^^^ slaves living in vjU^ges /owns, ^^ ^Ues, ^^10^^.^^ 8^^ ^„^^, ,f ,^\ whatever. It should ^so ^e «^^f ^^^ agLultural labor in cult> States, upwaids «f ^^J P^'^i^lS clizens; who cultiv their .m^ ::^trerei^re^^^^^^ ^« --^H nt hands -.estimated at J. a g-^^^^^^ ^^ ^H and the land is e^tm^fed at eight acres ^^^^^i^y^i^owing theeJ for each acre. :, A '^f '^^f ^^^^^gS^V^^^^ « Cotton Zone.'^ tire areain acres ofeach of the f^ates wit»^^^^^^ in«,chof? other Stales, and the area <^f ^^^^^f^^^^^^^^^ ;, necessary for con,™ .States, and the population ot each tree B^^^^^^^^^^ son with the above, ^'^'^f'^.f^'^^^^^^^^ It will be seen that the "Cotton Zone ^^^^'^^ ^^^^^ .^„ ^f cW mon than collM. m^ "m" e may produce. 3'— V ■9. ° 3,000,000 5,000,000 1,500,001) 1,500,DOO 1,000,000 100,000 3,000,000 1,500,000 3,000,000 4,900,00019,600,0 imployed in the cul- ro-thirds of the slave I ixe excluded. Some !, tobacco, and other nills, or are employed ic servants; and with ifirm, and the women te to the cotton crop,l stracted from cottonj A large number of| i no agricultural lab rtions of some of tb lultural labor in culti I cultivate their sn •" is not "degrade r bales for each ha ihand, or 200 pound 817,) showing the ed ^e "Cotton Zone," anj ' lands in-aachofsai [lecessaryfojr.compa iered undprstandingi en the necessity occa lultivation of cotlon,i number th an the cga irginia.lSfissomH^ ase for a long time. ve population of tl estiniated as foUowsJ ii they cultivate other pn H. Doc. 1^. Maryland . , Jfgi'i^a ;;;•" - i 74,077 Missouri 63,82S J«»;"^ky .*.*; 2;6U North Caxolina .. . | 9,736 '*'"" , 27,196 TotaL — r--- Jjorida ^0^,3^8 ?«a8 -- 925 Arkansas ;_,_ • — 334 Louisiana ".'.".'*.""""* 68^ Tennessee '"' " 17,537 South Carolina .. .' 6,271 Mississippi ,......" •'' 8,900 I'GfOTgia '■' 899 |Alabama... ) 2,880 I 2,272 Total aggregate.. - ' 207,986 , These five first namc^ a* ^ ~ " — ~ ton Zone" derives add Ind cow/':.' ''''?'' ^""^ which the "Cot ff the demand for "raw cotton^' .r '^ST'cultural* labor by emL,t^^i' M increase, as so^^eSi^St'nf ''' ^--?^-cme, Z S^' lie case, upon the extension nff ^ '"'''"' anticipate will erl^nl T' 4e East Indies and fK^ a • .*'"'" "^^nierce to the pSr> f n^- ^^ U American 'r^plfe, fSf^r ? P^^^^^^' ^^ ^ tr 'l^ Novating cotton, Ld S consS / ^^^""^ .''^^^d of those enga^dS hjson with that necess^r; ^'g^^^^^^^^^^ '^Indian conV't'^o^? )thercrop,s-the decrease/cost^ ST ^""^^^"^^O'- hemp, riee. and titivating cotton in the " CotSJ ^nn '"P^°'* ^^^^e labor emSovedln ^on^-thehealthfulnessor^ufh^i^ a^ds~the et^ual, if not greater cement ^?u"~*^^ cheapness of Se f««l^a>^f finds, andthf^aterSS^y "^^ E T'^''V"g to inducSe eCLfe^ ^'"'^ itscultivak-?aTe teri "^''^^ '^^ "^^t few yea f foThf "" 't ^^^ Spates above [Co ton Zone." Though the cotton rr. ^*^^,f°"thern portions of the N the lands settled, it will remn?n.,' [ t^e labor once removed K,«olong as th; derand'SfiersVch'"^' ^"^ *^^ '^-P^ "«! in-' h|e annual prod uct of JtS? the t^^j^ o£L_- f^to SIX time^its presentvSlrlanTv m,^ ®*^*^« can be auir- fctv ' r^l* ^^^» the cultivation Lot^« ^ ^^"^ P^^* « should be P'onsofthe "C/rtton Zon^ » .^^ -^^ ""**^^ «^ended, and toall N and more tCndg^S dZ:^^nTi ?»,-«»^t'de«^a.f t^«^ofanyuntoward^e.on,TorTff^^^^^^^^ l*:''^l( , ' ■' / :fe- HH m ■1 ■ ^^Kr^ / ■ .■ . r^ ■ ■ mm - . ■ e> ■^ •■■■.,/, ■ . ■■ » ,1 *■ ■ 1 ■ 1 ,.,■'",• ,« V .. * i i 1 1 ■ i 1 ■ 1 ' ^ ) 4 m '■ ■ . ■ ■ ' f- ■'■ 'm • 1* 1 ■ H^^ ' * . "ii m .. , w r..- m * . I ' ^>- I ^xjj^^ ..-j^iteiiM 1^^^^ ^„ ^^^^^ .i^3 ^ ir^ ^m^ffw^ ff^^^^P ^^•^^wf^ l^fl^ ^fW^ ^B^^ P^T^ P^WW" IIF^^P'^^WPP? ' , 't ■ V /, ( / » • * ■ - i '^ ' v' - ^ ' f ' , - '■ '■■ ^ ' V '-'• ' " •• ^ * 1 () ■\ *■' \. '.'■ -■ r .§ I "-', *• • t^ ' , .^ • '' '■<«, W'' . 'k- I , I IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^^ J*- 1.0 I.I I^IM 12.5 12.2 u 11:25 ill 1.4 6" ^ ii^& 1.6 Sdences. Corporatirai ^ a>^ f\ ^ ^\ <^.x'# 23 WIST MAIN STMET WIBSTIR,N.Y. 145M •>^f'(71«|) 173-4903 , - ' I ^ ■ > ■ A%^ 4 s c^ V 4 .A ....X <; r J 'H' • creased wants of our population, constandy and rapidly augmen ^it^m^^U in Annexion with the tables hereinbefore given, noticie Seimportatidns and exportations 6f bulUon and specia n folbwiag is a statement thereof since 1821 r <*> '• ■ : , V )ply, and the Jnited States in estimating" tince 1790. Foreign. •3,804,295 17,125,2n 86,300,000 1 131,296,! 85,600,6401 173,106,813 12,997,414 61,211,616 11,488,141 43,079,975 56,600,408 71,132,312 82,467,4121 61,656,6311 58,460,471 63,640,0411 56,054,1171 51,153,918 29,759,10" 34,704,61« 49,172,8 21,696,2 12,037,0 ! paper, or aii\ ufactureB no» iited Statea »f. They con F all kinds, in as well as \ n and specie,| th reference f ultural produ of the Unite hiarket. Ge luctions. Va jts^besides < ^ceeded thei^ ily augment efore given,. 1 speotek T| BuUion and H. Doc. 136. coin imported and exported nnce 1821. 8i5 116,532,632 l«}l,'22,and'23.. 1884, !25, and "26 - IfiST, "gS, and '29 21,411,566 1380, -ai, and '32 23,044,483 1^ '34* and '35:::: ^'??^'^J3 1836, '37, and '38.. ??'i"''"7 18», '40, and '41 41,664,411 1842, '43, and '44 19,466,622 1846, '46, and '47 V 32,237,780 1848. '49, and '50 ?^'96».263 17,640,256 5,453,981 5, 503, 544 1895,426 1,862,107 4,519,369 26,947,213 27,855,780 •11,128,59* ■Aggregate . 20,449,236 17,549,761 ^^•407,398)1^^;:;;;^ 127,661,226 20,516,140 21,182,376 16, 850, 944 11,166,234 13,808,631 ,... 14,419,502 28,769,202 29,465,752 42,674,135 11,129,008- 24,011,771 37,1 70,691 265,529,935"! 9^.201,42* ^Jf'^f^^^r.ni%j::!^^:^ij^^ paper to comment upon ejects of the fluctuations exSd in th^i'^'^"' '° ^« ^^"^^s ^d detailed table annexed hereto of hese iml^,'''''^''^'^™""*' ^^ « the Jdcal economists contend that Xt iio^f i ^u"^ ^^P*'^^- Some po- l)emgm favor of or against theui Q.^f ^^ "^l ''h^mc^ of traie^ ^or exportation of buUion and Ipe^re J Th^'i"^" ^^-^^ ™P°^- T^r^'l '^'- ""Rr««Perous conditio^ o ' tr^P A ^^'^""^^ ^^^he the other hand, others insist that qnrK • ^^ ^"^ commerce. On fuetest on either side; aidlrwlrP^"'"''"" °^^^P°^'^tion is no bullion mid specie, it is bes?7o export l^'l"^ ^^^ ^ ^"rplus of ply; and that then those articles vL ^/V^n°^ *^^ redund4|fi.sup- •^n, of being the mediaTnd r^^^^^ ^f^"^ '^^^ pro*? S commerce, become themselves SfmTi k-^'^"^^''^ «*" ^Sje and ■nerce Lke other products SdXthf. '"r^""'' °^ *^^« «"d coo? ^^^prodn^ns the preciJurmefals. '"^' '^P^'""^ ^PPh«« to a jon ISdt^fen r^^^^^^^^^ now made to the importa^ fcnuble as respects both of XsT^hSf "^^r^^e the feet. eq^X raw cotton. ac*cording Juif trealu^Si'^^' ^"' ^°^ exportatiSns of Mionsof buUionanJ soede wST statistics, more thaTforty-eiirht ,1821, to have been exS riiv'^^ beenrequired amiuall^S ktthe balances oftSS* a^nsf t "J° "",?? ^^ ^PorteSHo ^ exportations of raw coTn It is iue tJ^ .^^' "^^^^ *^"' «>' |£«' are not safe criteria as to Va^^JfVpt i?"-^"^ accounts of ^a^ in other countries. genl^"^^d^^„^"^g j; ^^^^ United, leinnrfnt^^... ■ _f r"" * ^°» generaJiy unde rv fllnnr l . i... .. -.i ^ ***"*"' b^nU prosperity. Our other exTrtrandS^-^n'*^ f^P^^' «nd of J. > ■' ' . t . ' m-, ^tm- hm mm 826 ' H. Doc. 136. ..hows the principal.domestic e«K>rt8 in th? years 1821. '22, and 'A and in the years 1850, '61, and 62 : ir-- Articles. Total exports of domestic produce Cotton ^ Tobacco — Rice Plour Pork, hogs, lard, '&c Beef, hides, tallow, &c - Butter and cheese. • Skins and furs. . - Fish Lumber, &c Manufactures of all kinds 1821, '22, and '23. $140,701,381 64,638,062 18,164,472 4,878,774 14,363,696 4,003.337 2,282,318 604,106 1,940,424 2,894,229 4,166,078 9,013,269 1850, '51, and '32. $626,005,614 272,266,665 29,201,556 7,273,613 29,492,044 I 16,683,772 4,795,645 3,119,606 2,628,732 V 1,391,475 16,054,113 61,376,348 ^7t rs'5^.Trr2oVo^str * aloO or^tTnd'pfaxTlh, $2,600,000 of wheat, $2,100000 o J indiaft corn an^meal, and $1,100,000 of "ra|nn>duce," kmd not sta. ^ Th™auve importanand^uro^ about no.00^^ .^ fi.3t expo J turing for us that P«f-^°" ;i; Xreof then imported into the Unite] thither, and the manu^ff ""^^^ ^^VrmTthe^^ States; but they are at the s^eume^^^^^ eruire crop, and most of ^^^^"^^^^^^^ . ^d the cotton produce. tured here at the ?«J™^«'^^,^?3'Sf/SSable to them, an/ thatthej insist that the fore^^^^l^^J IS A^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ \ have the right to s^'^, ^''^"^ "^P? ^ig^ges them to manufacture it. oJ to employ jmd pay whom oe J It p^^^^^^^^ ^^ ;^^,^^ ^ r^sT; now ™:of^J^&rS by .he co^rj been anUcipated byjom^. ^^^I'^^lf^^S" cotinof tbclJ ST 'The tuS'fe^E Seb conSnerce whieh our mer^ uon Wond the mcrMse ot^ur agg g „f ^^acturea, but, mi rhS^eTthe coSTmSnfaCares of the United SWes^ 5826 wklTrefe ence to e^uuion., exceed, in value 'he aggtep^ 182b, wiin reiere k, ^J™. ^^ manufactures added tomthei!! *\"3manhSrah1^h position in the legislaUveM of IhlTS government, -d %- i"Jettge-e on to .^ nnt aiirnassed bv anv, esUmates that m 1862 tbe caj"^ ""™ employed in such rxisxix^^tonesi^d ^^t ^^^^00^^^ 316,000.000 pound8,of cotton, worth at least $36,000,000 wm^ V-, H. Doc. 136. ^29 i'n tCySiiS^/""' ^' ^-^^ -^« --lin and other manufac ktures. in lieu of ardc£ that mui hT^" ^",? f "'""^''^ ^°"*^" ™^»"- Lre than has been heUse ra t^^-^^^^^ our cotton, until our domestic ^mdnpr^? consideration, ^ut for Lome sufficient for ournecesS 1 inTi'^ .' ^"'^ ""^ ^^'' ^^ Llyon foreign countries Sfn fnTV "^"^ 5^'^'' ''^^" compelled- to L/demand for the oth'; ardci 's ^^^ «« m,„,f,,,„ ^^^^ ^H^^^^^^^ lamption of cotton and its nnnnfnri • '"'^''''r^ ^'^^ increased con- IJgn countries should be r^«^^^^^^ the United States and in IfiinVrtations over exportatfons n. Z ''^^'' deprecate an excess LnS-catly beneficial Courford^-^""''"' to a country, as having fessened the e-;„ppr J^•2 byuTof thfoth^^^ ^^ '' ^^' If the lerporUiions 6r raw cotton tZ fhf If ™?'r^^- ' contrary to general anticioTtion ?Wr r^ ^"'**''' ^*^*«« should, ^e,S an Article of eSSn couSTe fiZ '"^i^^^u"' ""^^^« ^^^ iient amount of domestic mScfnr^^ r ^ '"P^^'^'' ^^ ^" ^^"i^- L and product must of Tcesshv Z d-' "" '"^'"^' "' '"^^^"^■ fcirree- and the 787 son Ir ki ^' , decrease m a correspondinff Pror^aWe^Ifd'fo?5^^^^^^ -i lh« 6,M It the same necessity, to tWoduclTf^^^^^^^^ would hp diverted, L, barley, oats, and the S and the rn ^'\^''''^^^'; (^heat, rye, Sef,.porkflard, butter^T Tj"e esultTcf^ *"' P'^^^^J' ^cheapening of those' ani!.les, tS i|^h\'^^^^^^^^ fc f Xr ^">g ^»d stock-raising States" less pXbTe ?han at tenT ^K ?S"^"^"«t «"d stock-raisers in th^ese States would )me of the surplus labor of the cotton -growfngXte^would the^ h ' ;ffi ^" "^T^^^^^P^ «ndmechaJ^al.pLmts!nrrcwX ;S!o^?w"l'""' '^^"^ "'^'^'^ ^^^ -PP^- - -- -Sdly fc'^T^' of the fluctuations in the priced of cotton have been fe r ,t Vl"^ •' W°" ^"'^ discussion imong the polUicS econc^ ' fete of the PtutefStates, and others interesfeS, but hid^erto their T Wauons and discussions have not resulted in much mlcSo^JcZ ' tSer.l"°'^"-P^°^"^^^i ^^^« ^^" held in the sSSSte^* W different theories advanced as to these causes, and different reme h pKL?a3"T'^-^? *° *^^ T^^« °f thesfSation ive produced diff«rences of opmion as to the remedies and prevent- Cn f«f " adopted. In some wstances the causes are widely different ^Mnf^'^'^'^f^'^^''^ toother products. D^S" Wentorihe crop has, ordinarily, no inconsiderable influence ?n the - « 9^? 2J7 n«Q "5" "'7- f '"''' '^' -^rtatian. alone of v5u^h TC^,237,089 pounds, which at 12.11 cents, brought $112,816,817 i^h"'"^u^lft''^^ exportations of which were%u' GSWeoi t;^t ^^^^^T' ""' «71'984.616; and the cix.p ;,f IsTs! exportations of which were 1,026,642,^69 pounds, brought 6.5 1" ■ m if- ;:f^ 830 i*' H. Doc. 136. cents, or $66'ja96*^67t/ and repeated instances will be found in the an- nexed table^j where large crops have brought large prices, and short crops short pjd«^3^ The extent of the crop cannot, therefore, in all cases be regarae(MS governing the prices. The price^ of freights have some influence. Much more depends upon the condition of the foreign and domestic cotton manufactories — the general depression or pros- perity of trade, commerce and navigation, and the state of the money market. The manufacturers at home and abroad have to resort to ex- tensive credits to carry on their works, even to purchase the raw cot- ton ; and the scarcity of money is certain to cause a corresponding depression in the price of cotton. But the primary and chief cause of these fluctuations is to be found in the fact, that very often, so soon as raw cotton leaves th6 possession of the planter, whether it is purchased I'rom liim or not, it becomes the stake for the most hazardous gambling among those who should be styled conamercial speculators and gam- blers, rather than merchants. When it is seen that a rise of cotton of one cent per pound creates a differem:e in the value of that exported from the United States alone, of ten mulions of dollars, (and of course a rise of a mill, one million, and of ^ tenth of a mill, one hundred thousand dollars ;) and when it is recollected that raw cotton is regarded as a cash article, and used in lieu of exchange for remittances abroad, it can readily be imagined that temptations and inducements exist to the most hazardous speculations in that article, by those who imagine they I foresee an advance in its price, and who, so soon as they purchase, exert themselves to effect the result they desire. The establishment of " Planters' Union Depots'' at the chief shipping ports in the South, for the storing of cotton for sale, and also similar depots at or near the chief Atlantic cities, has been proposed as a remedy for, and prevention of, the evils complained of. And the establishment of similar depots at different points in Continental Europe has also (since recent occurrences in Great Britain, indicating a revival of the ancient hostility to the cotton interest of the United States) been suggested. Doubtless, the estab- lishment of such " CoktineMal Depots'* would open new, as we^as ex- tend the existing markets for our raw cotton, among the continerfllpnan- ufacturers ; and it would greatly encoijrage and promote the latter, and cause them to become formidable con^petitors and rivals to the manu- facturers of Great Britain, and it is n6t unlikely some practical meas- ures of the kind will be adopted. Direct trade between southern pom I and Europe, so far as it respects the cotton exported thither, has oeeaj looked to as likely to relieve the planting interest from the effects of the I fluctuations as to prices, and at tne same time to relieve it from the ei-f orbitant and onerous charges it is at present subject to, by shipments toj Eastern Atlantic ports before shipment to Europe ; but it is stronglyl doubted whether tne result of such change, without further preventive^! would not* be merely another illustration (^f the old fable of^the foxi the flies. The planter will ahvajra be st^^ect to^milar exactitm those now made ; and they will be incre^ed, till he restrains himself from parting with the plenary and personsd control of his crop, in anj way, except by absolute sale. He will noti be relieved whilst the pay-I ment of advances on his crops, or other micrcantile debts incurred onl their credit, constraii^ bim, year after year, a^ to the disposition of their H. Doc. 136. 831 ISre^Jfr!^:;^^^^^^^^ dependent on the store-keeper, and to his plantaCt^^if^etoTnTr^^^^^ purchaser E, ;,me refuse to part with ft, and keen f.vf' f '^''•t u "^' P^'' ^ ^^' P"^^^ When pli^ters genemlfv ado^ 1. i T ""^'' he can get such price of little consequence rfhemK"!^^^^ '"^^ «y«^^"^' " ^"1 be after they leavi their ha^ds a^d '^Ll f l'^""" ^P^ "« «"^J«^ted to lions occasioned by sSadon/ ^ J "" Kr ""^«^''-t?d by the fluctua- mestic manufacturJrslmZTid 2^'>^ "^^ The, foreign and do- the intermediate commerciaUi.r^^. '} '' '*'^"" '°*^'"^^* ^^ S^t rid of tte planter, and will unTe in tfe nStJ ?""f '' ^^*^^^» ^^^"^ ^d Appended hereto are tabL oAhT 1'"'? '^''^'^' exports of domestic cotton mrnufLtt.f^''''' ""^ '"""^ "°"°« ^"1852, cotton-manufactures, si^eL^^^^'^mST ^f "' ^^P^'^^ «^f«^«'gn same year. Particular at'eS'sS" whT'"* • ""^ '""°? manufactures, reference, the fact cannot escanPohl r ^'"^u" '° '^^'"- ^n such Ae United States, by £ral aTd tZ^^''7' t"' j^" government of;^ end) arrangements wth X diffi ?''''' ^^'^ judicious because lib- mLm eminent of America Wen if "'T'"'' "^ ^^^^ ^"d the «ir domestic cotton m^Sure. in^f^"^ '^^ ^^""'"^« ^^ P^y ^^ ,raise, may open exte™ and nUf. ?' P''',^"'^' '^^^^^^ ^^ do-'not .oting thi pLpeSy L weU of^thf " ?'^^^'' ^""^ "^ '^^'^^y P^o- of cotton. Anfonc^e operand est^hl^f ''"['' ^^°^ ^'^^ P^^"^^^ would in a few years, itl andoinSlt k ^ '"'^'l "'^^^^' ^^^ demand Lesent exportation? The fip H T ' ^^ ''^"P^ *^ ^^^ ^^^ole of our L countries, and in t^VacL andTa^f l''"^ "%^"' ^ "«' ^» These farfq fnllxr ,!««, ^-^^inc and ±.ast Indies, is unbounded. P« may KdopSTLi™ ""'^ "" '■""^'^ °f '^l "■= %»li- U crop of this coum^ ,Y/°™«° g^Yernments to supplant Jj^. LeasiirMof r,lS ^' ' .°'^'' ''"' '"efficiency an/tUv onll ■ TlfXacyc n,Ke,^X: wlhrffv""' eotton-growers of ' reuits and p«3^U6n'3 woidd cause in any other countrv TJ.o.^if toD-producersf5heUnitef States niayr^^^^^^ tei^^*'^ ^"^ ^^'^^^ «f action.^hey i^S /- i ^^ i: CI C is suWeri^K f ""V^^P^^^ ''^'^'S^^ and expenses to which hi* pi 18 subjected before ho receives its proceeds, the planter is gene- Ply the person who makes the least profit from itF What are bt f' 1 ' 4 1^ m * 4* ■i M S82 H. Boc. 186. ■^i^-l % ^■^iV ^HK'°' 'V-l HHjB. - ■i M./ * *■' ' ^ I Sf» • < ,, I •Ji i..^..f:|- w fV 't> « y lieved to be the most practical preventives have been before aUuded to Means and ways /of avoiding imposition will suggest themselves to S^e" elHgent pUer, and hfs example will be followed by his n,.g^^- bors. Ere long oiir manufactories will furni.h us with all of the cotton goods we neei at our Own doors, and of our own manufacture, frbm SiTptoduct we have raised. But whatever we may determine to do, S> governmental policy of any foreign country, hostde to our interest^ no Combination of such govern ments— can release or lessen the absolute S^pendenT^^^^^^^^ Ihe^'cotton Zone" of the United States, which all X manufacture or Use this product are, and must continue to be sub- let to, till Providence decrees the change by means now unforeseen "Lfo'mTteign 'raw cotton was admitted inthe United State, duty free ; but, after the first of January of that year, >t paid a duty o three cents per pound, till the double duties were imposed by the act of jZ ISli^DSJing the war, and till April, 1816 it paid six cents an^since that day it has paid three cents, til, by the act <)f 1846 '^ wa3 made free, i^lexanier Hamilton„in 1791, recommended the "re- peal'' of the duty as "indisperisable" for the security of the "national manufacturers" of cotton. c u ^^^ ^e ^v Within two-thirds of a century, this product has become one of t e most important of the agricultural products of the world, andari article of necessity for which no adequate substitute can readily be had. It s now by far the most valuable article of commerce existing between dif. ferent nations. The foreign commerce of no one nation, m wheat, or wlieat-flour, or other cereal products for the subsistence of man-^r in beef, pork, or other provisions, even if estimated together-has ever b^en,^or i now, as W i» value as that of the tjnited States m the article of raw cotton produced in the Untfed States, and m manu- factures therefrom. The articles of tea, tobacco, ardent spirits, wines, silks, and coffee, have ranked high on commercial hsts; butpdneof then^ have equalled, in any one country, the present rajk of Amencaj cotton and its manufactures ; and the articles just specified are,/too, aU luxuries, not absohitely indispensable for subsistence or raimpnt, and brail of them substitutes may be found. In fact, if the importation or use of every one of these articles were destroyed or decreased iby legis- lative enactments, or the equally arbitrary decrees «f /«;^l°" f ,;"^ tom, or by other means, the next generation would ,not fee the dejrh Tation. The abandoament of other arUcles fonnerly used insteadof manufactures of cotton, and the general use of the latter, and espec^y of the ordinary kinds, throughout the world, (induced by their cheap- ness and superiority,) render them indispensaW to the conrfort of m^ till something is diiovered to supply their place. For half a centuiy, Se^reverypeople-^f every de^^ee of civWiOn, of every class j sodetv. and in every variety of climate-has adopted the use of cottM Inanufectures. Such is the character of the product, aad «>,diver«fie^ STthe articles that can be manufactui^d from »t, that they have takffl Z luce of many other articles widely difFererit from each other ;^ they are applied to various and dissimilar usesj m climates of differen temperature, and among different races and na:.on8, whose hab^mi •CUBtomB are u unlike as their respecUye countries. The manufactui« •> ■; ^' Doc. I3(j of this product in the wnri i * ^^ ?fe- '"' "^^"""^'^"^-^ ^^---^ country and ^ofX coir '•' ^"^ V ^t c!^."^:",;^^.^^^ Vnited State? rectness of all the c^inS S "^T^^ '^^Skt beT"!' u"^ *^'« importance of the LZT '''^^^nfe'l in this nanpr 11 . l ^''' ^^^ cor- ovvn country, but to T Av3^"^" ^'^ ^'"itedXe? 'o/^' '^^'^^""^ that has been, now i. t- ■ 1' ' "^^'^ every other f' '?*'S'^ereIy to our ^between nations '^^.V^'l/'-'^'.-'y to becofn^ t ^^^"^^ P^^^duct basis of the conimorc I'n ""^"'^ P'^'^' U'^t liT. th !■ "^ commerce -pect to the rraTetuv'e"?^ -V''"^'''^ -'n^di ejtd '^'"^ '^"^ foreign nations. *^" "'^ '^HUos as to th,. ^' " ^® well with The statistics adduced show the V „ "'"""■"■ '"" '" ""^ The cultivation of cotion / ^'''^^''"^^iiig facts ■ residue (120,000; a'rotKi', ev'"'" '"" ^'""^ ".nXrT^^^''^^ ^^^°^-^«- cotton zone, rnisin. coiZ u T-'"''^'' ''''' '^"' 'l "n t; "'"' ' ^^ '^^ practical refutation of , ,^' !''«''■ o^n I.bor on l.i^'^ P'''''* «^ the Um. These citizen, '';""''''' ^'at ^^lab^), j ^''*'''" "^^" Iands-~a hotton crop. And /*■""' ''^^••'- ^'">ilies at ., t-^ff ^" in that re! e^'imated Ihat at tn.t "/'^'^ ^'^^ ''^^-^^d^m:::^ ."} T^ ^^^ the eniployed in n.isi^^,,^:^,:;^ '"'^^'^^ P'^^^^' ^l^pS f '?!!' " ^« hm, or reside in tlie S e V" '" ^'"'"^^«'ic avoJa io ^ ' \"^^'' ^« pothers en,^---^-^^.^ 1^ capital (lands, slaves L^xW"" ""' P'-eparation nr ? i ^^'^^'-^rs fencuftural imple'n;^t. m^ {'^ ^ployed tl,eiein ?nd^ r"" P°««««s |the other Stftes .7tt c „ r"?^''' ^^^^'"g' ropJX ll ^^? ^5^^. b- or. th.u,h t^:t!:isgrdr ^^ fcotton employs unw. Ac ''^^" P"^^'^««« our V ^ .V t '.\ ■r ■: ^ J • ii.i \:_ ■', •jHl:.;i .! ' .» .' ■■ ;* ''!*» »"• 834 H. Doc. IW. !^«Tnr otherwise, the laborers, antl ino»t . • gr, the stcvedorr, =11, .. . '^rf:; i^:;.Sr^^- JLon coastwise, or of '"^^f J^'^^tSv^^-* employment at h.s tunc shipmem ^^ ^^je manufactoiy. !'^^V i- : 'such manufactories. i^ Xrdstneans of subsistence to "^^"J^^^^.i^^hosc aggregate annual It »fl°'l'^„^,^_turin m-^^e. f;; r- The manufactories cousume Taf use dyestufts, employ "^^-\"" f ;rc-pen^, the ipason the ifisesnmateilhatAeW g ^ ^^ ritet Ae fo^ign to^y X^here to foreign' — '7'"?..? .„ .houf onM»* "; i ,L „«traite annual crops of Alata ;i, and south Cf""^ "" rEurop! for V^ J^^a"&Tasgaluable^f=f.taT.^r^^^^^ =f\;ftheUmied States i9» thai 11 an itusbandroaB r t h e mg cSj ^f Ihe pecuniary ability to resort to Uxem ^^^ f ^„^ equ" ly ennobling '^4■^' r wjt 7'"^ °** '"^^PeS^e lid^W y^V^^h oughj t(, be uj.ivrV. '"'■^''^P^O'l'ncc, under Svor of pL^ i "'''' -less tlitinKsoO 000 .1 "■^'V^"ti'c.,.t.s of Ameri C^J °'''''^"^*^' - nations. Morethan , ' '"l"'' ?'"' ^''■^I'^^'"'- ind en S^^^ tJie we.alth raerciai nterests o^^ , ' ' '^"""" '"'v^nccd the , U^ri/^ "V^ ^^f'- • Si? 'es^Sss^ss - fen. Cotton is found in ^siiken?^^""' "'^^ '"^^^rts, may thev S hbonablfe parlor, and it contt^^ ^"^ decoratioCo^th^ J^%fi,rms>ed apartments. Jt TusedTti ?™".' ^«^^« i^^ less C ' '"^^ '" ^''^ P^»«t of the ndiapi p lu^'^nous couch of the |ation, profession, and interest-. hT ?^ t'-ade, c Juing, dccu! P^^m the United Sta^s. ne^ini"'^^' ^" ^' reasons, and aT dl ^not o^y have cotton ml^^^^Ct T^' "^^^^ ^^"^ colto^ \ if. ■ V jy- V\i ..■.::i 836 H. Do<5. 186. »ine m^Z/to«. of dollars rtc^^^^^^^ .^^^ ,^^ increased supply, the increased wants ot i'^i^^'S"/;"""' , .,nd three hundred millions of r-T/u'Aatt'nu^^od il" ^r'^wn^^^^^^^^ it may bo amici- taming all that i^/^1"'[*:". ' .^. „_ v.les'jed with peace and lair crops pated that herealtcr, wh.lst ^ e are ^ ^^^^^^l^'^P -^ ^^i,,^ than o«e Ld pricey our anmud -i-//?; ' .7^^^;^^^^ a gw years extinguish countries which we do not >et P'^^^^^^^.^.^f^^P'y „ ..^op of the United TKpro Tre other important results ot the couon crup ui i 1 here are oiner imi . , ^ sugs:est and commend inteUigent ='»'-™X tltSr c ?l p r yf ufo"^^^ comment i. LiSe.r.^ r;a;tj:r.fo:«ri«iL? ke^rea .„ in the fir. pa. IV ot rXr than necuniary) which should not be overlooked. 1 he fnttC^o^^ollZnS exclusively, the sccorul to its position w.th *" TL^tfluenTe'^the various "cotton interests" in every section of th^cM^Z i^rengihemng the bonds and bands of that federal 3S P^ciples.--vhen the time comes for pracUcal a^tion.the c^ H. Doc. J36. 837 . servative influences above 1 i upon for the adininistration ofTrebnU \^^\ 'T"""'^ "^^^ ^e relied vmce tlie misguided of their error l^n ^^k^' I.^"^^ " ^"^^^ to con- , effects upon them, or the less povverlif T \' J'l" ^^^s withering in its preservatmn of concord and uiTon ^P^^l^ing right and in the-. ourcott<^ !^f E :^a;^.?™ '^ ^-ied that by means of miUions of the people of otherLmfs i i "^^^««"ies anci wants of their manufocturing laborers vv.? ' T ^"'"^^ ^'^^^^d employment for dmon and alleviatf the suff^'in" of lu^r ™'' '" f- ^lioL^the cot workmg classes of the old coun rt' In T?'?''^u""^ impoverished comfojt and happiness more t Inn" nlTtl^^^^^^ ''^^ «"°^ «f human century. And it has not hoena^i^^-'P''^^^^r'^^'' the last hall abstraction, or a Utopian sc-heme of .M?;; prmcmle, a transcendent acheat.hke "Dead-sea fruitsIthatZrn T' ""^f^''^'^"^ ^'•^^^'•"ity"- wehavebestoweduponthetn b f . . I """'^^ ^" ^^e lips"~that stantial comforts, app"rem^o t ) I "^^' P['^"^'^'=^^' '^^^^ tan4fe, sub- by it we have be^n gfven effect il^. '""'P'""?^ .'^"'"«- And, sdU more need be. of coercion t^ as to tTe ""' ^^ "'^'^"^ «"^1 ^^^traint, a^d if have become, and muS^co; nue to^ ir^'"'"^ "^ ^^"^« nations w^o States of this confederacy for hr.ullv \f P?"'^'"l"P'^" '^^ ««"them employment for miUionf of ti^rl&i'T''"''^''''^''^ ^•'P^^^iJe an^ wherewith to obtain raimen ^07^11 cL ' -"Tr^"' ^"^ children, and poor. The necessitv fir u passes— idle and laboring rich the United States Iiri^vaJble suT?^'"' i!^^ ^lependenTe^'ot naviour" of those governmenS^tow^^^^^^^^ P«^^'« ^n^goodC others, in "the peace of (^d^-'' Tm K' '"'1"''""*"^' ^^ ^owtrd^ all outage or oppression in their owntuUolt' '""' ^""'^'^ «^^"«' 3.on IS inconsistent with the sSc cd Jce't ^^^ '"Pr^ ^^'^ ^'8^ mis- towards men," are in error. Insults^-^v?. ' ,f ^^^ P^^^^' g««l will and justice executed, without vdadrThi" 'T'^'tI' ^•'"'^"g^ ridressed, these confederated sovereign til 3 tl I"^ "' P"!^ *^^ P^¥« of , and religious freedom, the feTr.T ' vllt 7^ '^"^ ''^^^^^"^^ «f civil , »to a consolidated "li^ita 'y repubilTh T^^^^ '^T '^•^ V«n«formed : of conquest, wield its Lghty S m ,. l 7' "^f" '"^"^^ ^y lust jugate other nations. An^ ifusSs S^^' '^"'P^'^' ^""q"^'"' "^ sub- cairtied that "a fixed deterrnS to i!v '^'^'f'''''^ y^^rs since pro- other nations" was a cardinal ruKitrtr-^'' "^"'" °^ °ff^°*=« to: government; and he also saTd that "w hh thirrf ^'•"" ?^ '^' ^'^''^ ^S^t;iS^F?S=S H^ destiny awaiting the AmerS^'i ° .VK<^«^«"'"mation of the "•sconduct, they should rigfdTva^^^^^^ ^^^^.^ ^« "«* forfeit it by ^»th«r injunction ly the sa^fhafarnKv^ 't ^""^ ^"°^"^' «"d ^ tl^ •i: li^ •i St; Wk ;-i> rirtR- -f f i* .' <4 * >i ! sj •fij H i Statement of Danish West Ind Haiwe Towns... England Scotland British Honduras British West Ind British American Canada. 1 :.. France Cuba. Porto Rico " Hayti ' Mexico Central America.. New Granada..."^ Venezuela. Braiil " Chili Peru ■ China. Africa Soath seas and Pac Total... f H "f ' H. Doc. 136. 839 SuUe^eM oftkeyal^ ^f cotton g<^ of foreign manufacture eroded iurin ^ < the year ending June 30, 1852. «^?W«* during Exported to— FOREIGN CX)TT01f GOODS MPORTID. Printed & colored. Danish West Indies . Haaw Towns ',\ I 12,748 England . Soothnd ........\ British Honduras \" British West Indies .'.'.'". British American colonies Canada. 1 :... F^ce ."-'.'.'.*.■.'." Cuba PortoRlco Hayti. uSK.r "*'*'^- ^'''^^-'' Mexico 29,983 Central America.. New Granada \\ "'" Teneniek. .".* *" Braril \ Chili :: Peru :: China. :: Africa South seas and Pacific ocean"..".'.".! 196,535 1,671 1,003 422 4,783 6,856 4,210 26, 344 j m:ai &70 ; o av^ 12,365 , '*'^ 95 I ' 386 12, 513 23, 204 120,383 750 3,176 370 $3,398 4,435 61,344 12,601 05 16,301 51,308 266,963 750 19,384 370 31,20a 484,896 3,679 6,383 43S 6,243 16,978 1,69» 7,145 882 6,205 *ii(» h' •■ Mi'r 840 H. Doc. 196. •^S ; I 1 6 Hs il f is if "2 • ufc 1 F^ • ) 8 Ob II act :S 23 11? :^a. ;s ^a W W 4J '■ " 842 H. Doc. 136. r, -r • f .'T^rtjt of foreign cotton manufactured. Specification of export* oj jor^Hi Domettic nu $G79,701 572,626 1,206,502 1,644,231 1,105,252 1,032,381 964,904 1,402,103 751,871 995,028 1,746,442 1,094,412 1,352,286 818,578 308,636 '5,156 13,527 111 '838, 574, ^ 502,072^ 251,808 278,434 281,775 372,877 640,919 434,941 274,559 440,441 452,974 1320,302 341,371 520,506 608,068 705,339 682,407 495,188 406.623 302,435 476,171 973,774 782,356 710, 193 788,031 ll, 193, 391 666,871 352,591 246,312 503,927 183,468 127,228 110,069 33,998 90,381 599 35*, 047 83^15 487, 81, 44,724 132,030 401.315 $46,311 74,462 46,788 44,988 42,222 57,104 57,015 62,775 45,937 43,649 33,994 16,689 41,360 14,746 12,916 13,632 15.943 4.429 4,881 4,325 2.455 1,780 20,272 10,435 22,943 25,933 •6,532, 8,81* 24,767 8,474 9,412 34,862 63,413 46,736 27.656 58,325 70,254 29,026 134,229 66,403 87,089 78, 176 86,756 29,768 34,082 53,030 198,996 .208,193 15,028 24,968 10,922 8,482 3,808 40,783 7,718 21,033 $874,608 741,882 865,518 321,204 443,271 336,295 230,448 324,274 397,033 348,526 237,330 185,945 112,718 106,477 55,201 16,456 24,874 25,380 16,246 5,630 4,404 $94,870 65.683 38.073 18,015 43,723 65,310 144,043 167,573 149, 155 48,716 19,526 12.328 74,310 11,189 12,458 9,176 7,982 12,129 2,901 6,550 44,802 15,612 25.735 26,742 46,308 63,858 59,010 $1,581,1431 1,664,696.1 2, 617,293 [ 2,481,977 2,404,4% 2,226,090 1,838,814 2,242,739| l,564,940l 1,989,464| 3,228,e 2,322,0 2,504,5ie| 2,866,e 3,697,^ 2,765,671 2,683,414 1,153,5 1,255,2 1,103,4 «"•"'••■■::::::, iSi» 308,6 4b4,& 502,8 er3,a 486,11 1,216, ll 571,r 427,1 677,81 iTfin. Printed and colored. Im $68,884 m I 45,120 76, 012 145,024 61,800 96,931 104,870 421,721 188, 61^ 397,412 256,625 549,801 252,044 412,661 398,977 450,503 385,040 358, 415 385,403 516,243 380,549 281,320 351,169 466,574 606,631 1,006,561 926,404- pn.— Previous to 1S2 •in»Bi>MH>^* Domestic .manufactures $1,581,1431 1,664,6961 2,617,2931 2,481,977| 2,404,4% 2,226,090l 1,838,8141 2,242,7391 l,564,940l 1,989,4641 3,2S 2,322,0 2,504,514 2,866,8 3,6 2,765,671 2,683,411 1,153,5 1,255,2 1,103,4 306,6 4b4,f 502,8 673,2 486,11 1,216, ll 571,f 427,1 677,9| 991,1 Of cotton e^orte^fr^ ,,, United States. 84$ I«ri. Printed and Whito ' ' colored. Iw 168,884 45,120 76, 012 145,024 61,800 96,931 104,870 421,721 188,61^ 397,412 256,625 549,801 252,044 412,661 398,977 450,503 385,040 358,415 385,403 516,243 ^549 281,320 351,169 466,574 606,631 1,006,561 926,404- 1821,629 951,001 887,628 981,370 964,196 947, 932 1,052,891 1.802,116 1,756,136 2,355,202 1, 950, 795 2,043,115 3,250,130 2,525,301 2,925,257 2,324,839 2,297,964 2,575,049 2,298,800 2,343,104 1,978,331 3,345,902 4,866,559 3,955,117 3,774,407 5,571,576 6,139,39] 111,135 11,175 12, 570 3,849 24,744 17,221 12,618 104,335 88,376 97,808 32,705 61,702 168,021 17,465 31,445 43,503 37,325 57,312 44,421 14-, 379 81,813 108,132 170,633 92,555 17,405 37,260 34,718 *8,903 14,750 5,149 1,878 1,093 2,397 341 2,054 1,061 400 637 1,815 6,017 1,492 1,200 1, 174, 038 848,989 8,794 2,365 3,203 1227,574 137,368 28,873 127,336 266,350 61,838 58,854« 202,291 51,802 7,859 14,912 175, 040 88,543 18, 114 192,728 303, 701 250,301 232,774 170, 156' 280,164 255,799 338,375 327,479 415,680 335,981 625,808 571', 638 II, 138, 125. 1,159,414 1,010,23a 1,259,457 1,318,18a l,126,3ia 1,229,574 -2,532,517 2,085,994 2,858,681' P 2, 255, 734 2,831,47a 3,758,755 2,975,^3a ?, 549, 607 3,122,546 2,970,690 3,223,550 2,898,870 4,327,028^ 3,545,481 4,082,52a 5,718,205 4, 933, 129 4,734,424 7,241,205 7,672,151 Nine rnoDths. p-Previou. to 1«J3 the p„bli.hed Treaauiy ., (I 8Wt 1,892,429 1,555,698 1,495,830! 1,493,6291 1,315,246 1,601,644 1,928, 196 i 2,151,588 1,796,001 1,776,732 1,383,344 1,299,796 1,312,346 1,777,230 1,894,894 2,621,537 3,629,403 2,120,020 3,236,479 2,5)91,284 3,883,884 6,630,842 9,003,272 9,245,885 7,550,287 4,368,015 3,765,470 $698,323 844,534 739,461 707,299 930,465 733,430 772,636 719,961 674,955 717,683 829,982 T74,0« 955,076 755,219 638,761 699,166 585,146 528,231 371,616 683,373 ' 904,918 1,212,638 1,092,919 i,850,K;i 1,926, 81)9 2,474,21)8 2,434,(^1 1,905,341 2,058,568 1,605, 608| 1,689,9581 1,500,4' of domestic proi Butter and ♦190,287 221,041 192,778 204,205 247,787 207,765 184,049 176,354 176,205 142, 370 1264,796 1290,820 258,452 190,099 164,609 lk033 96,176 148,191 1271550 5H»,1749 504,815 508, 756, 878, 1,063,087 11,741,770 1 1,361, 668 11,654,157 11,215,463 11,124,652 779,391 Nine montlu. ^ H. Doc. IBs. i total taht Beef, cattle, ' hides, &c. i $698,323 844,534 739,461 707,299 930, 4te 733,430 772,636 719,961 674,955 717,683 829,982 774,087 955,076 755,219 638,761 699,166 585,1461 538,231 . 371,616 623,3731 \ 904,9181 l,212,63j| 1,092, 919 1 1,850,5511 ll926,e!«l 2;474,a»l 2,434,(«l 1,905,3411 2,058,9581 1,605,6«| l,6f " 1,500,47! of dmctic products exp^ed, indudh Butter and thecK. '»g fmilion and specie. Bkim and furg. $190,287 231,041 192,778 204,205 247,787 207,765 184,049 176,354 176,205 I 142, 370 12M,796 0,820 8,452 190,099 185 11,361,668 1,634,157 1 1,215, 463 1,124,652 779,391 $766,205 501,302 672, 917 661,455 524,692 582,473 441,690 626,235 526,507 641,760 750,938 691,909 841,933 797,844 759,953 653 662 651,908 636,945 732,087 1,237,789 993,262 598,487 453,869 742, 196 1,248,355 1,063,009 747, 145 607,780 656,228 I 852,466 977,762 798,504 Fish. $f>73,59l »15,838 1,004,800 1.136,704 1.078,773 924,922 987,447 1,066,603 968,068 756,677 929,834 1,05(J,721 990,290 863,674 1,008,534 967,890 769,840 819,003 850,538 720,164 751,783 730,106 497,217 897,015 1,012,007 930,054 795,850 718,797 512, 177 456,804 481,661 453, 010 Lumber. Manufacti area. Jl, 512, 808 1.307,670 1,;«5,600 1,734,586 1.717,571 2,-01 1,694 1,697,170 1.821,906 •1.680,403 1.836,014 1,964,1<)5 2,096,707 2,569,493 2,435,314 3, 323, 057 2, 860, 691 •% 155, 990 3, 166, 196 3,604,399 2,926,846 3,576,805 3,230,003 I 1,087,809 3.011,968 3,099,455 3,685,-276 3,80r,241 5,069,877 3,718,033 4,751,538 5,055,778 5,246,797 , $2, 752, 631 3,121,030 3,139,598 4,841,383 5,729,797 5,495,130 5, 536, 651 5,548,354 5,412,320 5, 320, 980 5,086,890 5, 050, 633 6, 557, 080 6,247,893 7,694,073 6,107,528 7, 136, 997 8,397,078 8, 325, 082 9, 873, 462 9, 953, 020 8,410,694 6,779,527 9,579,724 10,329,701 10, 525, 064 10,351,364 12,786,732 11,249,877 15,196,451 18,136,967 18,042,930 845* Total domoBtJc export*. 143, 671, ( 49. 874, ( 47,155,^ 53, 649, < 66,944,: 53,056,: 58,921,4 50,668,4 55,700,] 59,462,4 61, 277, ( 63,137,^ 70,317,4 81,024,] 101, 189, ( 106, 916, ( 95,564,- 96,033,1 103, 533. f 113, 895, ( m,382,; 92,969,! 77", 703,; 99,715,1 99,299,; 102, 141, « 150, 637, i 132,904.] 132, 666, { 136, 946, 1 196,689,; 1J«,368,! 1^^ l*U r- 846 H.*lipc. 186. \^oreign cotton manufacturet imported, Years. 1831..-. isaa..-. 1823.... 1824... 1825t.. 1886... 1827... 1828... 1829... 1830... 1831... 1832... 1833... 1834... 1835... 1830... 1837... 1838... 1839... 1840.. * 1841.. 1842- . 1843*. 1844.. 1845.. 1846.. 1847.. 1848,. 1849.. 1850.. -^8517. 1852.. Dyed and colored. 14,366,407 6,856,763 4,899,499 5,776,210 7,709,830 5,056,725 5,316,546 6,133,844 4,404,078 4,356,675 10,046,500 6, 355, 475 5,181,647 6,668,82:i 10,610,722' 12,192,980 7,087,270 4,217,551 9,216,000 3,893,694 7,434,727 6,168,544 1,739,318 8,894,219 8,572,546 '8,755,392 10,023,418 12,490,501 10,286,894 13,640,291 —^14,449*431 11,553,306 — ^^^ t Whi«. Hosiery, mlts, Ac. $2,511,405 2,951,627 2,636,813 2,354,540 3,326,208 2,260,024 •2,584,994 2,451,316 , 2,242,805 2<487,804 4,285,175 2,258,672 1,181,512 1,766,482 2,738,493 2,766,787 1,611,398 980, 142 2,154,931 917, 101 1,573,505 1,2K>,894 393,105 1,670,769 1,823,451 1,597,120 2,630,979 2,487,256 1,438,635 1,773,302 1,499,044 2,477,486 Twist, yam, ana tbroad. $198,783 $151, !»< 433,309 "181,84;i 314,606 103,25!t 387,514 . 140, Oft) 545,915 201,549 404,870 175,143 439,773 26:1,772 640,360 344, MO 586,997 173, m 387,454 ' 172, 7Ki 887,957 393.411 1,035,513 316, m 623, 369 343,(l5!t 749,356 379,71):! 906,369 P 544,473 1,358,608 555,^1 1,267,267 404, tm 767, 856 22-2,111 1,879,783 779, (Wl 792,078 :i87,«l5 980,639 86:t,i;«i l,0i?7,621' 457,917 30te,243 1,121,460 26,227 637, (Ki6 1,326,631 566,709 1,308,202 656,571 1,173,824 511,136 1,383,871 727,422 1,315,783 m^ 1,558,173 799; 156 9 117 ftflft ,_ 98Q,l3i 2,158,340 887, Stt China nonkeena * Nine months. Previous to 1821 these returns are not fuUy specified in detail. ij \ .turet imported,] Twirt, yarn, uid thread. H. Doc. 136. end the total exported, amumed, ^. 847 CadMUMkeeM. All other, vel W77 I ' m.. &c '^'" P«»«""'P«rted. Total exports. $151, ISs 'H . 4^, load) H 823,365 ..i4o,nSlB ^'^"0 201 .yi) H 188,63:$ ^*'«'' I 38^'S} 173 m ■ ' ''•" mjrt ■ 542,179 393,4U I ^'^B SwB ^'^•^ .170' rn ^1 37,001 Ml ■ ^'•^•337 404, M ■ r?'2^ 22-2, in ■ ^'?^ 7*9,IJ04H -".MO 3w|o!i5^B 3,772 sciiiioB ^'l^ 457,91: ■ , 217 26,22?^ **•' 637.0(16 566,71)9 656,571 511,13S^-V 727,122 770,J9 799,l,i6^ #48, 791 375, 771 146,29!? 454, 847 1,038,479 412,838 229,375 363,102 313,242 293,861 533, 390 558,507 974,074 744, 313 384,618 874, 691 513,414 . 904,8*8 C3«,486 492, 903 .1,318,024 ■ 1,574,885 1,213,340 863,518 1,332,539 1,943,020 2,337,797 3,117,239 2,053,981 >7, 589, 711 10,246,907 8,554,877 8,8!)5,757 '2,509,516 8, 348, 0-M 9, 316, 153 10,996,270 8,362,017. 7,862,326 Ifi, OIK), 224 10,399,653 7, 660, 449 10, 145, 181 , 15,367,585 17,876,087 11,150,841 6.5!)9,3;»0 14,908,181 fi, 504, 484 'l,7rf,036 9, 57^, .^15 2,958,796 13,641,478 13,863,282 13,350,625 15,192,875 18,421,589 15,754.841 20, 108, 719 22,164,442 19,689,496 11,581,143 1,664,696 2. 617, 293 '2,M81,977 2, 404, 455 2, 226, 090 l,a'18,814 2,242,739 1,564,940 l,m464 3, 328, 858 2, 322, 087 2, 504, 518 2,B66,854 3,697,837 2, 765, 676 2,683,418 1,153,506 1,255,265 1,103,489 929,056 836,892 308,616 404,648 502,553 673, 203 486,135 1,216,172 571, (W2 427,107 677,940 991,784 cified in detail. I Conmimed In the United «r 30 , rmported. .18?! ]8S» 1«23 1«M IHsiT) IHifi 1H27 1H28 1829 1830 1831 1832 -18;i3 1834 1835 .1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1»4U ■ f. 9 months to Jutie 30, 1843 Yeat to June 30 1844 1845 1846_ 1847 1848 ' 1849 1850 1851 1852 Total. Exported. 18,064,890 3, 309, 846 5,097,896 8, \n56,340 2,611,701 2,076,758 6,477,775 4, 324, :J36 5,976,249 3, 508, 046 8,776,743 8,417,014 10, 034, 332 4,813,539 1,520,79 5,454,214 8,60095 3,905,26» 1/K)7,739 ,841^620 5,404,648 7,522,994 .29,465,752 >2, 674, 135 ?51,164 4,458,667 15,834,874 6,653,67'f 9, 076, 545 4,540465 14,239,070 20, 799, 544 376,215 22,213,550 "1^2461592 265,529,935/ 112,290,606 The total difference l«/l«^ i« j^;877 463 Pridi- to 1851, the same difference wa» f70,0oJrWw '¥:-. ;i,Hi."jcr 5, 04:), ml 726, Ki I 4,53fi,'2Jl| la,:* 'J,48i,;» 2, m,ii 34,011,771 37,170,r)9i 103,413,11] rtation over eiponatii |"lthe Alleghan 1.^-' Il^ / 1* ^' ■* 1 W/ ^ f rj..,:*- « , ■ ■■ f / rfu — \ ' ' \ ' * ' • - 1 « , \ ■ f .. '.^i' ;.;^ ';t,Hi,.v;rH quota It iiMbee> thought proper fnn. «» Oitik,. general 8ti»t..,n(.nts illuL-anx^.^".PT*' "" '"''cord, under this I..-W r •N^' ™iuo of ^c" LS' ,;r, " i'™!-^ '-;» ™ ir o^fr" Jevfiral ^wts it l,^a i '1- " , '"''"Jtl or domestic i- i '"/'UeuJale 1..ola from ll„. ImcrL r °'""' ■"«' '■^ow.(>,i' ,,""';'"?'• , - »h that rclnn 1,:., ' ": ' '""'' "i"ural an,l ^„n;...v^"°'"*- ^''« ,» ttith that reffion Iv.n.r '"''' "'''"i^l and arfifi.-i^.i "- ^''*« '« «„ieattorol> ii;tt :::j-;f .il'^'^hany r; ;;^^^^^ iryhas been cliicllv ;.',< '^''•'"tie cities will, ,|V-*?' "" f -".he iH.n";h"t',::; '^f C't ;"''"'-y^ -a -i^airri::? l.d Baitimere a" L , '""• "'" '■"^ign ej^r" oV P ,"i T"]'.'" [.;^prod„ei„,:^f::r;e tb^p^'S'^,? *Sctr^^^^^^^^^^^^ [.T. r " '^p'^> Wit h resppcf t n n ^ *. ""t-xe s. i he samp mnv fWrtrfrefir^avannar BouS 4.: •■■I I ,« in- m ■ i" Kb .; <<• ^50 H. Doc. 136. .f heavy d.^ght.an I-^^^ -^ ^ :|;^^X:^^ A^=« southern cil es import If^^y/^^f"^^^^^^^^^^ ^oastwue would show a .fairly exhibiting the movement ?* mf^^^ana^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ .domestic importation »"^« ^^,\,^"f ^thST exV>rt "^^^ While a ,.atio than t^. YreSn of^^^^^^ St.^es is exported Iron. greater portion ot tne couuii u rntnms either in money or mer- Seir ox^^i portrdirect y to Europe the retur^^^^^ chandise, are received P^^^Pf yf^^.e ^ of that city/ satisfactorily the excess "^Xrieston and Savannah maintin their The cities ot fif'^^r'*"'? • , 'S and Mobik . communications with the f !;"f,F"^"&%Ue the northern citb, by the Mobile river and its t"butanes 1 h^^Mike t ^^^ ^^^^ a?e pushing hnes of railway into the heart o^ the u. J ^^ ^^^ ^hi?h are to follow f cXTarale co^^^ -hether tb. . ""' ^::olSStX^t Sarkable changes in the direct.. routes aic not ^''^^"'''^''"^.' ,,• ,u „„ to the present time, has ot iinc-i - of our interior commerce, ^^»"7' "P 1''^. " ^^Papparent monopoly av1,„ si,y been confmed to lew; ^"f ^1^^ Jj^/^ ^^ J^^^^ become, whin co,n hai been ^^J;:^^^^^^^^ necessity, the co.., mierce shall be libcrdtf.a nom u question as to the i.mo,| property of nil. In any 7^" V^/^f ^j^Hiave upc n the business of, iffi^ct which the ^vorks referred o^^ 111 have^P ^^ ports where they termmate. ^»>;"P^^"^"f,S ™^'. .rea must bo lar, b^ Sr^SS'tilf nr X i^low these rail.a. ,/ a market or place of shipment. / Si. 1 „ n.« fin« river of the Hanio name, wliich diiiJ NoT«.-The city of Sayjmnah h« a«. th^^^^^^^^^ 2.)0 miles we«twurdly;»j Georgia from South ^''^^''"f; "''^rs Arf'^'y^^'* ^^""P"'' ''*'''*' *"■" *"'• "'■ Charleston has tnbutarj' to it he "J^^J^J'^^,!^,. The latter of tbeso rivers is cunw r;rairwK'^sSvr&s^^^^^ ^ ^^^' ^"'^^"l to Columbia. , / *' ! ■ ' « \ ' \ v. ■) 1 - .1 1 at the city. Thesp ires. A statement wm would show a ng a much neiircr t trade. While a } is exported from ;r in money or mci - k — which explains of that city, inah maintain their j ihvay; and Mobile : the northern citie?, I luntry. The results ; remain to ho seen:! itlon whetlicr tlii>«j iorp9 in the direttioitj t time, has of neeo- ent monopoly wlnelJ hecome, when comJ cessily, the cominoij lestion as to the iim\ 1 the business of et to extensive? trartj area must bo larml low these railways I name name, wliifh diiii'| 200 miles westwiirdly ; a lich are both cHparioiis, i r of tbeso rivers is conwn 1 \& opened from CiwrlfiH ■ P lO -< ( H. Doc. 136, S a» » tr .: ^ -' ^ ^ .. c, ^ ^'S 15 5i « ?f g~5 ^-(j «- o-«---.--2-3.-:2.?.- '-/^ s ^ 6? J! 3 ?? 2. S = --^ '>> K § S 9 r^ -; rf cf of ^- „-„-„- -^ir_r *' =* ^ ^ ^ ^* ^ i^'^'s'j^'jfs '"' "^ sj F-» i- l2 ^^ "i^ *^* ic X .-^ -^r *- ; ^ s! 3c w $5§5SS § S S 2 :? §30!^! ift n '-' ^ & 05 S C^» to .1 -.^i ■» * 3s w ao-oTo" O ■fli ( sisi^li 851 -^0» 3* '♦"■-'"■^'■'-rcf cf , 00 10 ! & woo '^^ J ;s«ss^ J^^H^ /••l. 852 CO CO ^»^ -Sh V. *ii "2 00 C r-l & H. Doc. 1»6. I pi ^sssssss -f^MM'^TTin'^l' CO kO to tdoTt- r- o >n £^ r?. 0U U a' o^^"5e'i2js2S'fec?2^'55S'S'^'S2 C^ ^5 W f '3 ■^ ^ Pifl ■** ■« of'f ■<» so** f t> «o >» S- . CO 1-1 1 CO ^ (N OS ff» O 00 ■»? < igss^sssgss I t^ O I OD » nmminM^^ir^zn S8 rf(>f 't cr»r.ra-ror>n 00 o tCef I- oo »< « w o w j; r" l-C >-l •-' "^ '"' -< in ifi 'H 2 cc to C2 »5 S 1 1 § - 5 S S S S § S ^_2 ^^ .^ ^^ —T >S A^ ^ ^ cf£^ ^> iSi ^ ^ ^ 3S8S8§ o ej cc ?!! .- .-— r_^— r.^.^-./^" « /^f ec e<5 «'aD ift >n t CO > to O !£! CO •- 55 «>® • S * oS S ( I05 « j Ck CI a' sss i f § i 5 S gi i i i S S.i PJ.s sC etetotct V>ft Vcf of w « ■* 00 »o ■">• ^ ' 1 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ssi •^•^i B is Si ■Statement Chai Year Sept. 30, 183- 183; 183< 183: last mas 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845, 1846, 1847. 1848. 1849. 1850. 1851. It is a ma of the trade not received H. Doc. 136. -5to/«««« .,«i;,i„^ ,A« value of ernort. from ,' Ckarl^u.. annually, froA,r::&T,, ^Sl^^tl-" '^ Years ending- Value of exports. Sept. 30, 1834 , *„ „„ 1836 ' "'224,^98 S , ^3,482,757 1838 1 "'135,623 ia39 1 ".007,441 1841 1 9.9-<)6,]63 1842 7,970,899 1843.":::: Vtiv^^^ 1844 7,7a3,780 1845:::::::::::;- g-Bji^ 1846 •■ r'1£'^'^ 1847 1 ''.804,313 im • ! 10-388,915 1849 1 8,027,485 i85o:::::: i iM'!.-^"^ 1851 1 ".419,290 ^ i ir.,301,648 Total. $88, 213 113,718 201,619 81,169 24,679 fi6, 604 55, 753 31,892 17, 324 C, 657 3,697 5, 878 18, 942 3,371 1,301 908 $11,207,778 11,338,016 13,684,;>76 11,216,792 11,032,120" 10,367,731 10,011,916 8,002,791 7,494,664 7,740,437 7,396,831 8, 862, 349 6,823,255 10,392,286 8,027,485 9, 673, 907 11-420,198 15,301,648 Value of im- ports. $1,787,267 1,891,805 2,801,211 - 2,510,860 2,318,791 3,084,328 2,058,561 1, 553, 713 1,357,617 1,294,389 1, 131, 127 1,142,818 902,427 1, 588, 750 1,481,236 1,475,6{» 1,933,785 2,081,312 It is a matter of. m-eat rnrrrpt .1 . .i " of the trade and commerce o the , buri'l? ^'''''"" ^"'^ ''"" statements not received m time for this report. "°""^^^""g ^'^y '^^ Savannah was w ('■1 ,^;- 854 H. Doc. 136. to t/t£ 30//t of June, 1S5^>, inclusive. „ Years. Boston. 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 $2, 012,486 10 2,2;W',041 22 I ],32H,8§3 67 2, 231), 554 07 2, 1G2, 055 37 1,820,173 9.S 2,307,84*^ OH 2, 78!), 798 72 1.311.225 52 4,411,372 30 4,070,157 45 4,844,129 75 4.098.226 24 5,033,772 II 4, 380, :}40 H) 0,177,970 04 6,520,973 85 6, 250, .588 68 New York. $11,597,406 90 13,424,717 87 6,679,756 05 8,941.208 80 14,475,!)95 91 , 7, 167, 908 53 8,418,588 60 11,273,499 91 4,072,296 44 16,7!)2,679 41 17,2.55,308 GO 16, 975, 972 34 i 15,52.1,014 27 : 20, 128, 726 89 ' 18,377,814 24 : 24,952,977 02 i 31,7.54,964 26 i 28,772,558 75 Philadelphia. $2,159,111 30 2,6:^,796 28 1,162,010 00 1,882,013 06 2, -.m, 384 71 1,553,373 07 1,307,2.59 08 1,059,125 67 5.59, 049 65 2,255,800 77 2,36],:525 72 2,136,754 70 1,978,430 99 2,979,931 31 2,329,553 66 3, 122, 660 40 3,783,787 32 3,715,126 21 Baltimore. 1666, 9;?7 f>l 1,127,989 62 704, 247 62 1,111,741 85 1,16(5,548 64 700, 315 88 616, 025 72 610,880 21 228, :{(i7 41 603, 574 05 696, 724 61 674, 548 22 600,497 34 771,708 06 649, 402 42 l,004,!Mil :s 1,047,278 67 1,0<)3,530 75 V k, . • ■• ^ . > # s:rd[5r. . 'P ... jfet H. Doc lies collected at ore, from 1835 ♦ Baltimore. $666,9;?7 61 1,127,989 62 704,247 62 1,111,741 85 l,16(5,r.4tJ64 700, 315 88 616,025 72 610, 8H0 21 228, \Mu 41 6l«,574 65 696,724 61 674,548 22 600, 41)7 34 771,708 06 049,402 42 l,004,!Hn 32 1,047,278 67 1, Wis, 530 75 .5 u c^l36. ^ 35S S S S 2« '»^--jj--r^-« „-.„--- ."^-^ « c* » fi W CC « '-5 » S 35 O C^ ?^ D * ■fl' * M t^ » TO O CO W h« li W fc "-I to 1" -I J-« 00 (N -- » ^f ?f ef rf^ w M E to to go O M — « -H ai to 1J3 N 5* '^ r^ '^ Ci ~ ^ a. -1 CO 5« T ■fl' ■^ I QO O 2 — « 1 ■>* -T rf X (>. ) O 05 0» 5 uT X) C? O "-I M SS 51 Q rt ^ -.Jt i -^ S *> 1^ K »l I S S5 5 'o s s I ?s •* T o L': 1- ; ?^ i^. o H gS • •>» •^ CO o r: » ^ 1-1 r^ rt r-i -^ — ; lO o ifl o — I Ji ; o to = ■?! " I- ' a> ■^f >(i to t^ i- 1> I — T o t cs "M ' ^ S « 6 - - X = i$^ «= 1 1; 2 ,^ r i-i iM i-< fi "^ '"" 858 'TS .^0 2 ft < 1 CO ■-< -:°li. . - - _--„-_-. ^._-.-rr-.r ffi-^—?* = C2 e? 52 o o i. ?-:Sf-S3Sf:S3 3S2l^'?;4! vX 7t ® jO £ ifj So X> 00 &i o -- §3§S?^ ■4-' !^5' I o »-^ Oi -T* on h. ) R ^ t- '75 « C J TJ O ^ "T ^,^ ^ .-R c-5 C3 rt i- -1" C5 "3 fQ ^5 35 =7 9 V C- "^ -•^ ~*- ^ r: ■ri- o ii (f> Q t-t — ■^ -- '- '^ ix rH i:^ 1 . -it -V Zi '■ i ?» (Tt I TO (?» it c 2'y i ffi t ts =^' "" k 'i it 'i i -" V? S S s S s '-2 S 5! « 58 '^ « 'c? s LlU-iJj S?;liri§§ii^SJ '.1 . .-: I Tf-Tr i.'i r;= -.D o o j5 J ^'« sf gf S S § 5 S S § S 5 S a S S :SJ:SggoSSSa$=^2S5^ 1 00 00 r* w 31 ^ r» -q" r» i~ --i ot f M '<< o H :»S5^S3 . OJI ssis^j^s I •«i' lO e* «? 2 ^ S I CO •^ 1" ■* •*" " ss 1 X >; 4 2 3;Si?3'45a?5:53.' -* "f "^ "T Tr zT «-V r«., ^\ nn 1 ||||lllliiiltilsl2i5252S« •292 M CO 1-1 «» .. -, •q* M II o lA S in «i >o ■»5' w S '-S i2 S * ^ *> "C "it ^ < ■-■J O ''/ il lO o o i ->r =r cT M of c" d' c-~ ® » x (?» o T^ ?■. - I 5 * « " 1^ ••» « 'C 1 ^ M ■<» u'5 t 1" '^.r' r 5$ « -c (N ii O L- rt ^ p-T rr O ulj' ':£" -^ ti *" «■ »r «o ^^ 59 *» ""^ V m ii rt « o o s "Offio f r-t ■V 9i ^ O "_"_"', S fi 3 ^^ 4) 1- S P T X "^ 'i-i 5f I* -r -J r. V 1,.QD H. Doc. 1^6 ... 7 §iiigiliig5is|js-- 85» 5?!^'ifS5!5555"Sfe' *^-^'^'3-^tespSi§S|g 2 '^ ^^'iZi^^ sciz a o H * ^-=1'' I' s fr5 s s £r 2 g I i 3 = ;: r: s fe s§ j8 " «? 'fl «5 ^ " " o* 5* o* c< rf 5 Ij ■T 'J ''4 "11 «do *§ ^ €' -US box. .V CO ^ .-2>o '^~ 1 feo *>P ■> w) O < ^-„-^-rt-„-^'« rH-« «^«««(N1NIN I ift CD 55 ^ i; e TW4 f^ TH 1^ •^ „ I ^W QO CO O ^M o O! IrtSrt S t>. « few yJU J2' liiig'siiiP^iSi.P.P)' is 3 (■(NOO 3- to o-i-igo ) lO -I Ji ■: : 55 ss 5» » K ^; s^ ■"jaasssa"* 9-1 »»« egij-j^ s^ss? s s 2 1 s's S s s gg ^l g i S sj I'^st; t; «^ c K ! i 5C •t 1 "fe" . o C^ O iC N O i?5 ( ^ ^ •tf ^ CO '0' ^" :flOi , « M O TO s vo *» o « M c f r)" o o — ; o o — — •; o ® «5 fJ 3 oj - N Ci u5 r* CO i-i t^ Joiek- pseji-i 1-1 Jn ( ? 0) 03 w ( I lO c: f o — M ci " a c is >;? w o» 5j o = OJ « r1^tO-. Ir V s< 10 to la «o" t-T QcT r^ co5»-:xal s lifel ;^ !^^ 0)' 53 ® ; nNig rt Ml nOO i-( 1^ J " « m" ef ef ©f ©f ©f e FoDooaor^oiri-rai =!5i!f ^^ ^n ^H "1^ ^^ T^ T™* ^^ ^^ '^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ ^^V^ ^ ^ ^ ^ i>H ^^ pH I i I- S 9> o o on ■«'o« i-Taf e«e»i}» H. Doc. 186. • e« t« : tti to n -vrta •-< g> o» ^ If is cT >-<" o o o of }»" IBS! ps 1(1 •^00 CO* CO • 5S! 7 ■ 5» 3 S oj ; ■ ASi'iSSe? iiSSi^S^gJg; mi 1 ;i; if iv j^ c^ ■gi9i'>eie4 w PS w 03 •-• O O 01 9) ■• 3 »^ <3d »>• a* -" x TT t-^ , « o M « « 'i r. . O M lO O O S i I O 0» O lO 6.03 f; o CO (N b. -I X : ^ -^ "^ «S I- o c I- lei.«t«n I t^ O* i-t ^i-i • ft ^ lO 00 in ■ifOl x> M-lO! $; h» C Sg; no l-l 1^ l>J 1 1 "-< •* 50 i?- 5 -g uvc>» ( ■ 6* to !?» : S » f^ fc^WiO O kO 50 t- QC ofo" ;s d> »> I-" » « - o 1-1 s f-1 1-< 1^ w M-sa ^ 05 :S5§5SS§2«ss l^i 10 O ( iin< 1 et et e« e* 0) G4 rf l^: i«gpe»i • SI !*oooDaDt»oj«aoao r— f — •--• 8n A,/H,._ ,«fc, .:.*1 vis*' r#i I S.:! 5"! StatemetU exi Rtatoa. Ikino New Ilatnpshiro Verpiont )lMiia(itiu8ett«.. Bboile Ixland Connecticut Now York New Jersey PeiunylvBiiia Delawari< )ll&Ty]and Di»triet(ifColuml Virgiiiin Xortli Ciuiiliifii . . South Cnroliiut . . Georgia Ploridu -•. Alubuiiii\ I MisaiKiiippi.J LoaJHiuatt TexBD :.., Tenni sMio .^ Kentucky Miiwotiii ' rUinniii Ohio MiKliigaii Wisconsin Orepiin I'ttlitiimia Total H. Doc. 186. StatemeHt exhibitinar the amnunt /./• #^ , , ««8 '.%•>»» is,7;ts,.s,::."'" ,''"""' ^""- BUto*. 1 lltioo Hew Hainpihiro . . . Verpiont _ MuiatrhiiaetU... Bkmie Islftnd Connectiout . New York " New Jenipy , . PeuDsylvaiiia Delaware liATylaud ^ DiatrictofColumbiu Virginia Xortli Ciiiuli;la Suiitli Caroljiiit Georgia Florida.'. -. Alabaiiiil MisstKiiippi. J Louisiautt Texas :.....' Tenncssoo Kentucky MioHtiiiii niinoin Ohio MiclligBH Wisciinsin Orepon I'ltlitiimia '''•"«' 1,382,105 1, Toni. 276, K-,!) iiO,7!M l,ir)ii 490, :tH<> 4!t, :H5 70, ar.!) 434, ;ft>5 50,.-,|;j 104, r. ti» I7,04() io:i,:tr,;{ 17,451 4!>, :ii I 4:1,71.', 17,4fJ-^ ll.Vfirf ;{,ii77 0,(ii;'j «i, 71 i " :j, :!77' 1,714 3,WiSJ! 16.' 586" ti,8o4 1H:!7. Tont. 251 ;-:,<;!) 25,114 1,152 490, 450 45, (i5J 76, ;{07 445, 149 57,381 W, 394 18,049 109, 484 16, Wl 43, 444 31,!>:-,J 23, (i:!7 15, I!>6 7,315 10,321) 92, 376' 5, loi" 1,714 3,6(i9 19,' 373' 7,826 ,896,686 i8;w. Tons. 270, ijlio 26, I4M 4,5450 4!X», 399 44,477 80,8i:{ 444, 007 m, 121 102,427 16,772 104,512 19,300 46, 053 36, 202 2!), 684 19, 552 8,574 16, 107 J04,"42« 5,48i' .7,7:m 9,373 24, iiiV 9, 848 t, 995, 638 1839. Tons. 282,286 29,224 4,2:« 506, 375 44,573 82,914 468,411 6S,541 112,a59 n\ 303 116,205 • 23, 142 51, -987 40, 901 31,4^.4 20, 99;-{ 9, 673 21,742 i(V),'o76' 4,241' 8, 126 9,735 23,926 11,000 2,094,379 8,180,761 1840. Tons. 308, 06a 27,370 4,342 r>30, 532 43, 425 86, 948 455,419 71,916 119,:!|3 19,772 120, m 21,435 54, 251 42, 554 .. -33, 666 2>, 180 JO, 451 17, 244 126," 613" 4,733" 1,592 11,259 26,442' 11,902 1841. Tons. 306,291 25, 708 4, 343 545, 901 48,084 65,279 486,654 53,604 118,968 10, 056 113,767 16,349 45, 359 28,547 24, 394 16, 147 5,994 15,715 901 145, 799 3, 522 8,360 11,370 , 25,iii 11,520, 2,130,743 M |l - i?-^ M- ' i •^ A iJ:;;,;^:;..:, ti f^ 864 Stetes. Maine New Hampshire... Vermont MasBachuBOtts Bhode Island * Connecticut New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware Maryland District of Columbia . . Yirguiia North Carolina Soudi Carolina Georgia Florida..., Alabama MiBsisBippi Louisiana Texas Tennessee • Kentucky ■ Missouri ' Illinois OWo Michigan Wisconsin Oregon Calitbmia Total. H Doc. 186. STATEMENT^Continued. 1842. Ton*. 281,330 23,922 4,343 494,895 47,243 67,749 516,296 60,742 113,479 10,396 106,856 17,711 47,537 31,682 23,469 16,536 8,288 15, 479 1843. 144, 129 3,811 4,619 14,727 Tons. 285,381 28!, 709 2,763 495, 303 45,626 70,278 557,026 63,379 112,050 10,321 109, 019 19,527 47,203 37,189 21,577 17,400 10, 046 16,095 1844. 1845. 150,067 24,830 12,323 4,813 5.093 13,589 2,093,392 29,458 12,690 Tons. 305,331 22,925 2,763 501,208 48,172 82,174 591,297 68,684 128,341 10,912 111,339 19,538 47,255 37,039 21, 148 17, 105 9,577 15,2Wk/ 1,34* 161,763 T Tons. 320,060 23,771 2,319 524,995 47,209 91,568 625,875 69,970 147,812 11,935 118,164 20,617 50,705 39,862 19,615 16, 140 11,355 17,910 1,055 170,525 1846. 5,667 7,114 16,61^ 2,168,602 •32,115 15,400 2,809 8,751 18,906 Tons. 358,123 20,708 2,048 541,520 49,438 99,023 655,696 76,016 148,058 11,837 128,453 22,355 53,541 41,225 19,936 18, 111 11,866 22,537 1,055 181,258 35,297 19,776 2, 280, ops 2,809 8,172 22,426 39,917 25,953 2,417,001 2,562,081 1847. Toiu. 384, 3M 20,426 2,S«0 568,520 48,010 102,890 737,025 83,728 182,997 14,662 139,123 23,458 59,9fi 37y932j 27, ( 21,0211 12,56;i 18,431 392 213,539 2,48i* 2,70; 10, %g 31,63S 3,952 50,781 28,454 2,829,M5| • » 1846. 1847. Tons. Ton$. 158,123 384,353 20,708 20, 420 2,048 2,560 >41,520 568,520 49,438 48,010 99,023 108,890 555,696 737,ft!5 76,016 83,728 148,058 182,997 11,837 14,682 128,453 139, m 22,355 23,458 53,541 59,9iff 41,225 37»9K 19,936 27,019 18,111 21,024 11,866 12,5611 22,537 18,431 1,055 m 181,258 213,539 ...; 2,4») 2,809 2,791 8,172 10, 3« 22,426 31,63S 3,958 39,917 50,781 25,953 2U,45( ,562,081 2,829,0(5 • H. Doc. 136. , _STATEMENT-C„„,„„ed. ^* States. I ,o,^ ™^- ' 185J I • I 1852. ;Ratepcrceni.of increase fr„,a ,'*>>* to 1850 _, I uiclusivy- ^ Maine.... I '[""«■ I Tons I ^ I ' I wSr'^--"" S:S '^^ 50r422 ,^%J Tons. . J''«J« Wand 71' ''^ ; C.%-, cm cA' if, ^' »32 5' «^^ 19. 72 C«^«rticut 1 jjf,';'.; 4;U25 ''J^'^^ 694,403 767 S 391.00 £«'«'york 84''^: U.'J.^oO jSSI^ ^8,050 4J oS - r. ^'56 New Jersey 7«'I^'- 9ll,aHl ^4'!^ 116.180 lK«\ J ®««'-«««'. Pennsylvania oJ?V^;^ f'2,a.-io -^^^t^^ M.'Ml.Ols (], j.t'J^? 1 ^ 78.04 Mrt. of Columbia * .,V'«:' l''-%<'--il imJ^U ".8^ q'r.u ' '88.5» North Carolina.... ^'l^^J 7;J,^K{ yl'"" 22,9o;{| ^'jt\ ' 99.55 &>uth Carolina... ^^'^!'^ 44, .^7 It'ouJ ««.79!) 72 sS ^-'^ Alabama ^I'iud ^'''64" IJ ^ 24,185 £l^r ^^7.33 UoDMana 097 nf' L.-^JG Ti^ 27,327 28 M^i ' ^-96 Texas ,'^io 241,4!>7 85o'S „ ^''"« j 450 p .• ^"S* Tennessee ^-J^r ^•''•'^ 4??^ I ^^'^ 268']7. :^"''™*S2'S«- Nssouri ■ 3?>,822 13,955 ,4'2 =^'^88 J' S F""™ *«"'&«- Iminois ■^•f? 32,ar,5 R^^O ,2,938 ^'o^T^ 37.22 lohlo — ^M^ I7,;«2l 5>?«8 34.065 JJ'S ^84.54 iMichigan.. B^^ 57,941 flo'f^^ 23,103 ^'n^, L »31.8« |wegon '^^'» 41,775 46 aia 263.79 I 56 1 .€'■ N I ,.*. ,. . ..«.*, i 866 H. Doc. 136. s^ --2/ix;:^-^"-^-" " " "" Mune ;•• SewHiunpshire Vermont • Kaasachusetts Bliode Island , Cpnnecticut New York.. New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware Haryland DUtrict of Columbia Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Oeorgia Florida Alabama.. — Mississippi — -Loiusiana Texas \ Tennessee . . • ■ Kentuclty Ifissouri .Illinois Ohio ^iaoon^ m Oregonl. CaUfoi ' in the United 1838. Tons. 167 10 43 113 86 58 14 157 2 17 11 5 3 ..-•-■ 13 4 8 24,3ffi 3,286 19,548 2,lft» 3,;80 14,683 7,057' 8,406 1,256 15,464 200 8* 1,033 1,377 4IG 1,444 1,377 ■ • • > ■ 20 im "12 ^ f" '■f&S 113,135 W- Doc/ ise. 867 111. \:, 868 ' « H. Doc. 1^6. . ST ATEMENT— Continued . States. / Mfune — • New Hampshire - -- Vermont • — "Massaohusetts Ehode Island Connecticut New York.... New Jersey • Pennsylvania : • Delaware Maryland District of Columbia Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Florida — r Alabama .- Mississippi Louisiemar Texas. .f • Kentuc|ty Miflsouti Blinoi^ OUo, Wuoonsin — HioUgan Oregon CiQ&niia... ' / / Total. 1842. No. Tons. 164 5 "'72 11 5^ -184 47 212 9 109 49 12 19 7 1 () 5 "u \ 2 22 49 38,041 1,696 'is] 632 2,516 3,353 20,241 3,116 13,666 713 7,937 951 889 1,1S5 482 124 384 282 1,044 321 5,608 7,904 1843. No. 71 2 '40 1 12 124 19 63 3 39 11 " 9 21 2 1 5 2 2 11 V 1,021 31 Tons. 1844. No,. 129,065 482 15, 121 234 "9*974 120 1,064 13,299 1,460 G,740 246 3,679 276 694 2,000 206 . 45 52a 144 288" 322 1,664 5,195 Tons. 96 3 • - ^ ■ 43 7 25 181 2f 141 8' 65 31 10 12 7 , 1 1 305 63,618 !. 15! "2 35 9 '49 14 766 20,200 / 754 "'9^585 2,814 .^,914 21,519 1,333 13,076 586 5,418 850 717 587 584 r2 n m 7,165 2,567 .9,499 103,536 Htkiae. KewHampsh: Vermont Massschusetti B^t Island Connecticut., Mew York.... New Jersey... J^snnsylvaiiia.. Delaware , Mnyland Dirtrict of Coli Viiginia North Carolina. &*th Carolii Geoi^M... Florida.... Alabama.. MiMlsgippi...^ Iiomslana.. I Teas.... TenoMsee. J Koituoky' K«onri...'. iBlinoii..... OMo IWiiconsin.. iJOchigan... J Hon I'Cilifomia. Total. / / » ^ / 4 ' / "'■■'/ • • / ' • 1 • *-*■' 1 1 ,^ .v.,j 4'. 1 *t ! ,.^^ ■ < - \^ ' 1 •f -J:li.'" ■ - \:. 1844. Tons. 20,200 / 754 43 9,585 7 2,814 25 .3,914 181 21,519 2\ ' 1,333 141 13,076 8' 586 55 5,418 31 m 10 717 12 587 7 584 . 1 72 1 n 15 669 ""h 871 35 7,165 9 1 2,567 ■'"'4«y """i'm 14 2^245 ...-". ....i.. 766 103,536 ^' ^oc. 136. ^ATEMENT^Continued. 869 M .'.■^i-ai'.,.,.. « 870 H. Doc. 136. STATEMENT— Continued. ■■ \ States. lifune ,-- NAwUampshire..--* Vehnont jfaUBchusetts . Bhode Island . Connecticut . Hew Vork. New Jersey. Pennsyjvaiva.. ielawaii^e. Ilaryland..----- '' / District 9f Columbia.... Tirginia-v- '<■ North CaVina South Cari)linA Georgia. .-V Florida.. .-v jUabaina .".-* -•■ • Hiiaissipi-- Lomsianii.-- Texas Tennessee.' Kentucky. Ifisaouri... niinoii Ohio ■ "WiiOonBin. ,llichigtt- 'Oregon... CaUfonUk- 9 9 181 13 55 382 77' 296 31 146 17 34 43 4 1 4 4 , mi • • • • 18 89,974 I 5,326 1,189 39,366 4,038 7,387 68,435 8,178 29,638 I 3,206 I 17,481 { 501 I 2,980 I 2,947 450 J 5?12-! 318 i 265 1,620 118 13 56 265 87 19? 23 152 22 ■ 38 , 29 8 ' 2 1 3 ""21 23,889 2,760 5,066. 44,'104 8,026 24,008 1,880 17,463 609 3,095 2,032 656 756 . 120 ■ 107 1,756 ^ 91,212 10 6,9U 1 77 121 35,836 14 3,Sffl 47 4,820 224 58,343 57 6,202 •185 21,410 16 . 1,849 150 ■ 15,9(» 8 n 34 3,584 33 2,® II ^ I 39 • 9.275 38 6,256 2 34 19 13 63 243 8,423 2,887 2,211 12,817 5 2 1 3 '24' 1 34 5 13 31 6« 80 114 "iM 106 6,4«I 1,691 5,214 ^.ii^l . ..V ■.>--.•. -..-J. ..:^.:.ii^-^T^.:liA. > 1850. ' )." Tons. K6 91,212 10 6,914 1 77 121 35,836 14 3,687 47 4,820 224 58,343 57 6,202 •185 21,411) 16 , 1,849 150 15,965 g 285 34 3,5*1 33 2M 5I 684 2 ^ 3 114 • •-- - • 24 1,592 1 106 "'34' ' '""i'm 5 1,354 13 1,691 31 5,214 14 2,0« 2 la 1.360 272,219 H. Doc. 136. STATEMENT-Continued. 871 Uaine New Hainpc Vermont. Rhode Islanq.., Connecticut . New York... New Jersey . Pennsjjvania Delaware-... Maryland... Dutrict of Cdlunibia Virginia NortliCarolini.... South Carolinf Georgia norida Alabama Louisiana. Tei«« Tennessee.. Kentucky.. Viswnri . .. IHinoh Ohio.. Wiicondn. . 254 7 4 133 12 35 229 70 200 15 130 74 27 3311 5 6 4 5 77,399 8,158 561 41,324 3,057 3,414 76,805 5,869 28,623 2,059 18,027 4,439 1,778 1,725 625 2,369 276 355 354 14 " • • • > • 161 14 65 179 38 188 23 ll9 S7 40 3i3 7 2 1 2 110,047 9,515 48,002 3,205 9,035 72,073 3,953 31,220 2,983 18,159 1,995 3; 800 2,229 939 ' 323 ' 30 93 873 If i\4 874 H. Doc. 136. StatcnerU exMhUing the average tonmge of vessels huilt in r the United „ 1843 ISi 212.97 210. 117 251. 249.35 222.5 120 402 88.66 116. r 107.25 118.6 77.89 6.S.4 106.98 92.7 82 73.2 94.79] 98. a 25.09 27.4 77.11 ^95 95.23 1«3 83. 4C 45 72 104.40 72 72 36 44.60 161 135.50 151.27 204.71 284.89 167.45 193.84 61 163.21 126.43 131.97 /' / / / s /.I I lessels built in 841. 1842. 05.14 231.96 52.12 339.20 55- 8i 258.77 47.50- 228.73 23.07 152.41 •76.79 110.01 77.66 66.30 65.14 64.46 62.33 79.22 98.51 72.81 31.33 19.40 77.53 78.08 45.23 62.37 56 68. «6 124 40.16 64 36.33 56.40 65.11 74.57 160. .5(1 232.47 254.91 " 159.53 161.36* 135.83 156.23 ';''' S7Q H. Doc. 136. ^ far the year, 1810, 1820, 1830, 1840, 1860, mid 1861. EXPORTS. • FLORIDA. Year. 1810. 1820. . 1830. . 1840. , 1860. 1861. Amount. Increue. ALABAMA. Amonnt. $30w^d 1,860,709 2,607,968 3,939,910 From 1830 to ^ 1861,12,820 per cent. $96,936 2,294,594 12,864,694 10,644,868 18,628,824 Increaae. ► 707 perct. TiRorau. Year. 1810 1820 1830 1840 1860 1861 ^ loont. KORTH CAROLINA. Amonnt ,611 $403,949 ,967 808,319 ,6M* 399,333 ,769;937 i ^ ^387,484 Increate. «^16,601 426,748 ► 7 per ct. MOTU tJAROLIKA. Tear. \ 1810. Amount. Increase. $6,290,614 8.882 .940 OCORGIA. Amount. $2,238,686 6,594,623 ~5;336,62tr^ I 1830. 1840. 1860. 1861. 7,62^,031 9,981,016 11,446,892 16,316,678 J 100 6,862,969 7,661,943 9,168,879 J *-j, the Union 1. W- J>oc. 136. 877 Increate. Isfo 3,701,482 of? «'5S9,481 ^^^^ ' Mi(;,79s 707 per ct. AROLIJi S2,G50,050 7,'59(j,157 'J-^998,059 •^7,098,277 f H9G8,013j > 500 per ct. 135 ])er ct. MASSACHUSETTS. 1810 iS--i ^^'i««"'«3i l^^-^^---| i;5?7;487^ Amount. $13,013,048 11»008,922 7,813,194 6,268, 15g 8,253,473 9,857,537 Jncrejwc. ''36^ per ct. ■^ '11,587,471 . , 41,602,800 ^^ ' 68.l04,/>49 «10,993,398 5,743,549 3.791,482 5,736,456 ^JM>49464 5,101,969 jgperct.^ sf;?i ^. 'v}> •V srd - *4 '■ H. Doc. 136. IMPORTS. FLORIDA. Year. 1830 1840 1860 1861 Amount. $32,689 190,728 95,709 94,937 ALAB. lAIli. Year. Amouut. 1830 $144,823 1ft40 .^ 674,651 1 aso 865,362 1861 ---- 413,446 VIRCINU. Year. 1830 1840 1850 1851 Amount. $405,739 546,086 426,699. 662,932 SOUTH CAROLINA. Year. Amonnt. NORTH CAROLIKA. 1830 1840 1860 1861 1830 1840 1850 1851 $1,064,619 2,068,870 1,933,786 2,081,312 Year. Amount. $221,992 252,532 323,392 206,931 OBOBOIA. Tear. 1830 1840 1860 1851 AmooDt. $282,3461 491,428| 636,9 721,5411 ♦•»4 H' l>oc. 136. IMPORTS-Continued. 879 1830 ...... 1840 1850 "■ n^A^ 1861 6,124,201 ^^^^ 6,650,645 «4,523,866 4,910,746 Amount. 1830 . , ^„ 1840 ■■"" «9,766,693 1850 ""••• 10.673,190 1851 10.760,499 12,528,460 84? «572,666 8M 856,411 '^^^^ 'J U76,590 11830 1840 1850 P861 •36,624,070 60,440,760 111,123,624 141,646,538 1830 1840 Jse? 1 12,066,164 »8,702,122 8,464,882 880 H. D6c. 136. Statement exhibiting the value of fordgnirnp1,466 190,2()n,-.-,-.--- ." «^ « S § S ?5 J5 i^ H: Dot:. 136J INLAND WATBB-R0UTE8. £. .' The following tables ;irc subitiitted in reference to the inland water- routes, and the character and value of their trade, so far as they could be obtained. Application was made to persons in each of the principal cities for information relating to their inland trade, which was unsuc- cessfol. It is mentioped with the hope that the principal commercial cities on the Atlantic and i^ the interior will promptly taJce measures to have this matter receiv<^ proper attention. ■ , , , It is due to the interests, of the cities, to the inland trade, and to the raiboad mterest, that all the information relating to routes, facility of transportation, expense, distance, &c., should be correctly prepared and promptly given to the p^ublic in annual statements. ' It IS necessary tp state aga^ri, if any complaints are made of mtereglr ing local points being unnoticed in this report, the fault is not with the undersigned, but is chargeable the indifference of those to whom repeated Applications were m^de for the requisite data- The appended statements have been compiled from official and au- thentic retos, exhibiting the estimated value >f the tonnage of the leading inl£id water-routes which connect th There arte at the present time four great routes to which the mtcrior trade of thejcountry has been chiefly confihed— the St. Lawrence/the- Erie canal, the Pennsylvania improvements, and the Mississippi riyer and its tributetries. All these routes are mutually connected by an in- terior netwc^k of railroads and canals, and merchandise may be for* Warded froi the respective termini of each, lipon tidewater, to any I part of the country, (and by water except upon the Pennsylvania, line,) land may be passed with convenience from one to the other. There are iportant w5rks recently completed, and others in progress, designed to occupy a dirailar relation td this trade to those already described; Imt these haxp too recently come into operation to allow their results ed with the above-named. None of the former have J great iitferior basin of the courltry save the Georgia line, „„.v... .- ,^^ .iranting iti those connexions which are necessary to secure to it the trade! of an extensive range of country. When cotopleted, the Baltimore and Ohio raifroad will add another to what may be termed the tudional lints, and others equally extensive, and perhaps equally important, will soon follow. Up to the pfesent time, consequently, the routes of commerce be- tween the interior and the seaboard have been those first described. We have, howeVer, unfortunately, accurate and satisfaxitory returns of tEe quantity and yalue upon one route only — the Erie canal. The excel- lent system prevailing upon that work gives, in great detail, every feet of interest in refeVence to the source whence received, tonnage, value, fo be compe passed into th^ which is yet cBaracter.ind direction df all prbperty passing over it. Upoii the St Lawrence canalsl values are not given ra the reports of the Board of Works of Canada: and these have been estimated to agree, as nearly as possible, with t^e returned values of the same articles upon the Ene canaL The table^ showing the values of produce received at New Or- leans from the inteiFior axelcompiled from the annual stajtements which 7 trade, and to the routes, facility of rrectly prepared s. made of intercsir lit is not with the f those to whom a. 1 official and au- ie tonnage of the Iters of the Atlan- H. Doc. 136. w up the Mississippi river frorS^nV^^ '^"^"l^^P^'P^^^y P«««i^^ estimated in tl^eS^llowi^g tablef JeS^^ " ^"'' *."^"^°^^' ^^^ importations of foreign g(Sds ''^"^ ^^'""^ ^'""^^ the ^ount o co^erl'^'L^-nZ^'^^^fl^f^^^^^^ /elating, to t^ trade, commending, i„ a sjecia" manper ^o th 7i- ' V^^^^^nt reason for pubhshed, by Professor DeToToV?hpTTP- J the volumes recently Sed "The Industrial Re^urcer'of the%^T''"J ^S I^o"isiana, enl be profitably consulted by aTLslous of nS.' • ^''*'" ^^^^^ ^^ matron minute in its detis and pSpltS^T^ereSl '^^'^ ■ - ■ . ' ■ ^ • i), ERIE CANAL ^OUTE. Yean. 1849 1848.. 1847. 1846. 1845.. 1844 1843. Products of the foreit, ,160,666 ',316,117 7,192,706 6,909,016 8,798,873 8,689,291 7,769,696 7,716,032 6,966,474 Agriculture. «36,394;913 38,311,546 38,466,466 37,336,290 54,624,849 33,662,818 27,612,281 21,020,065 18,211,629 Manufactures. M,336,783 3,960,864 3,899,238 3,834,360 6,024,618 4,806,799 3,432,269 3,489,570 2,561,169 Merchandise. $329,423 563,615 608,048 593,619 517,694 276,872 88,497 86,153 66,224 Other article*. $2,706,735 2,323,49^ 2,319,983 2,210,623 3,127,080 3,770,476 3,669,669 2,329,62^ 1,667,923^ I- 4ii sive, and perhaps of commerce be- se first described, sfactory return* of canal. Theexcel- t detail, every feet id, toimage, value, ritr^ Upon AeSt" Its of the Board of to a^ree, as nearly iclefi upon the Erie ceived at New Or- 1 stajtements which - w > "^'^-1 * Docr^taer It »■.«.•* ■■• i' *. Jiii -. The following brief notices and accompanying tables will serve mQre fully to illustrate the character of the business of this route in detail, and also convey to the mind bf the reader some idea of the influence which the commerce flowing through this channel has had in building up the toyms and cities on the tide-waters of the Hudson river. Mboigy. — This eity, one of the most aincient, and at one time of first commercial importance among the marts of America, has direct rela- tion with colonial trade and lake commerqe and navigation. When it is considered that the extraordinary facihties furnished by the Hudson river toward reaching the great marts on the Atlantic coast called into existence, if tVy did not actually create a necesiity for, those artificial channels through which the great lake commerce finds its way to tide-water, it Vill oe seen that there is a most intimate commercial connexion between the great lakes and the ports on the tide-waters of the Hudson. The whole effect, therefore, of the vast trade under consideration, is not visible without a sketch of the busi- ness of those ports — especially as much of the Canada trade, indeed nearly the whole of it, with this country, reaches tide-water by way of Albany, and makes part of the conmierce of the Hudson. , ^ ^ There are several cities on the banks of this noble river worthy ol notice. Albany, Troy, Lansingturgh, and Waterford, are all places of thriving business. Water ford is the most northerly, and lies on the west bank of the jrfver, nearly opposite Lansingburgh, at the point where the Champlain and Erie ctmals form their junction. It is not a large town, but hag some flourishing manufactories, among them several flouring mills, which add much to its canal conunerce. Lansingburgh, on the oppcfeite side of the river, a little further south, is on old town; which was engaged in a flourishing river commerce, carried on by means of sloops and schooners, as early as 1770, with New York and the West Indies. The introduction of stgam has caused that trade to cease ; and Lan- singburgh, being off* the line of tlie canal, has little use for her docks and warehouses at tnis day. Troy, three miles south of Lansingburgh, is a large and enterprising modern city of about 30,000 inhabitants, having increased in popula- tion, from 1840 to 1850, 9,451. The city lies on both sides of the Hud- son, six miles north of Albany, and one hundred and fifty-six from New York. The principal portion of the city is on the eastern bank of the river, over which communication is kept up by ferries and a bridge. Troy is at present, therefore, virtually at the head of steamboat navi- gation on the Hudson. On the west bank, the canal is connected with the river by a lock, through which boats may pass and thence tow by steam to Albany and New York, or, which is more frequently the case, dischui'ge their cargoes^ on board barges, of great capacity, whiclrarr towed down the river to New York, while the canal craft receive another cargo and return northward or westward. It is this business ,'-v. treat lake commerce of traneliipment nnr? ni-^i Oolf SfC tr^°' ?!^l'> :^w^™ ?r ""-p'- — e or ai^d i\ew York, as we ] as Burlfnoi!; t, . '^ ^""nected with Boatnn ~. b, railway, o. wKXerV?,-|-;; ^^-a^^^^^^ Albai^y is the oldest an,l • " "^^«"^P^y»ng raUway was first visited by HeSliTM rP^"''"* of all the river rif.V« t. years later, under fwa^p^e^^^^ '" 1609, and was le^l^d a few years, gjvmg it. in 1840, a t^pl^^llt'S^^.r^T^ «"^- ^"fifteen ^^y^n^aoL^^^^^^^^ fin: Sr^y The elevated position of the ctv mil '''" '^'^ «"'rounding counSf residence. The countrv aroun l^i ' '' ^ ^""'^^^^y andSffi tamo^, but mostly suscepdSeT^^^ "wrsir";- ", ^^"^ P-ts S The commerce of Alfiany is. Jl,S ""*• ^"^^'^ation. though ,t was first made a^rt of . \ P^.^^^^nt as its settlement ontsnver commerce ^^rTke; ZiVtffi. , ^" ^^-^le Ve^rds I!ci^¥"^ ^^^«P« -visited tl e WesT ?nf]- •^'''! "^^^^^ As early as m 1785 the "£.^^W«C' a sLn^f sof'"' "" ^"^^^ nmnbers, In^ Chma^bemg the second idventu^fro^ ?.^^"'' """' ^"*^^ «"* he;e for created great mterest in the ChU.l ^ '"'""^^^^ ^ Canton. She ^eral subsequent trips.%S";pSiro?'? ^ -^ty, and mS: P^er-has nearly revolutionized ??« of steam as a propelling Uon; and the^ncient ?S-e^ tdHfT'' '''i^ ^^^ - thf Albany ,8 now extinct. In 179? no l5 ^^^«"?gburgfi , Troy, and seen to arrive at or pass Albany on the?r ^* ^^"^^^^ ««il were single %. After Altany wS^ermed im. ""^ '" ?^^^^« ^^^ve. in I m^e an appropriation for thej^movd S th^ V""'' "^ ""^'"y' Congest l«iout SIS miles below the pjfl T the obstructions tanaviJSion l^uchw, done to X tt cHLneT^d nrt f^/^^^^"^'^' ^^^ fc, "^J^^'^Se is still difficdt Tlo^^ P^f ^"^ j^J"^ we efficient improvements IVn !£! T^f^^' ^^ requires forther and krce of Albany are TLd.W^'l''^*^"^^"^^ of the river c^ Mnt reports^f L au£ of thTldY ^ '^"^^** ^^^^ h the quantity and value of Lcles tS?? department with regard ken . This will give nearly T^c^ZZ.V'^ ^« ^^"^ ^^ N p oints a bov e. j «"i tne commerce of the river at Albany fe^T^te ^' departing from Albany, con- K in 184788. aid iS9 78^' ''^f^f"' propellers, and Sows. I 7 04y,7»6. The tonnage entered and cleared _jL' .^«5 - — " f '■ ' ' 890 ^* •'^^* ^^^V ..t this place, of the same claBS of vessels, for a series of years, was as follow*: Tons. .^";°^q 40,369 \fl '::: 39,416 ^ Isl? 60,797 ioll 66,364 £•"■■•■••■■••■■■••■:•::•.•.::■-••-- • i--"-----'-'--:-:;:::::::f^r- • }|m:::::::::::: .....79,m Much of to tomage traded .0 Bo.to„, Now York^d^^^^^ returns: Year*. 1837 . . 1838 . . 1839 . . 1840 . . 1841 .. 1842 .. 1843 .. 1844. 1846 . 1846 . 1847. 1848. 1849. 1860, 1861 Property going from tide-water. Tons. 122,130 142,802 142,036 12^680 162.716 123,294 143,696 176,737 196.000 213,796 288,267 329,667 316.660 418.370 467.961 Value. Arriving at tidft-water. 1862 631.62V 118.89 $26,784,147 33.062,868 40,094.302 36.398.039 66.798.447 32.314.998 42.268.488 63.142,403 66.463.998 64.628.474 77.878.766 77.477.781 78.481.941 74.826,999 80.739,899 118.896,444 Tom. 611.781 640,481 602.128 669.012 774.334 666.626 836.861 1,019,094 1,204,943 1,362,319 1,744.283 1.447,906 1,679.946 2,033,863 1,977,161 2.234,822 Value. $21.822,3M 23.038,610 20.163,199 23,213,673 27,225,322 1 22,761,0 28,453,406 1 34,183,167 46,462,321 61,106,266 73>92,4U 60,883,90T| 62,376,621 66,474,6371 63,927,6liel 66.893,ltfl v'-.iljfC k -/ /Sij.«, /' / i^'.Ji '•>, 'fi'W^'i''' """^ years, 7 5 i 7 5 1 9 r 12 was as id Philaxlelphia. ' the commerce en in the canal IBttidfr-mter. $21,82^,381 23,038,510 20,163,199 23,213,673 1 27,225,322 22,761,013 28,453,408 34,183,167 45,452,321 51,106,356 73»092,iU 50,883,901 52,376,621 55,474,637 53,927,5I»| 66,898,l(r H- Doc. 136. ggj. ZJTJ^Z^]^ ^l^ Prop>rtion of each Cass of 1 iUit going west Waachicflv mnrr-^.n. coming goin«vo«.-w-„i.cuc%-m;;suirr"^ 1885 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 , 1841 1849 1848 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849....... 1860 1861.. 1862.. Tons. 640,202 473,668 386,0 17j 400,87, 377,72i 321,70 449,095 321,480 416,178 645,202 607,930 603,bl0 666,113 603,272 665,647 947,768 913,267 064,677 Tans. 170,945 ro M77 346,140 378,714 447,627 628,454 897,717 685,896 769,600 743,232 891,418 989,268 Tom. 8,648 12,906 10,124 8,487 8,565 , 8,665 17,891 16,015 29,493 32,334 49,812 46,076 51,632 44,867 44,288 39,669 52,302 47,612 Merchandl*. Other article.. Tbiu. 2,085 1,176 354 298 499 104 155 185 201 245 253 1,796 4,831 6,343 5,873 7,105 4,580 10,605 Tant. 31,102 35,597 64,777 48,677j 51,55^ 36,^ 36,983 35,76» 44,854' 62,599 99,381 82,982' 124,090 107,527 94,63S 113,273 115,681; 122,760 ,:^^^^^^ tsat; -^- f - >f- The Forest. I Fur and peltry pounds ooards and scantling feet Shiitfles ._ j( f™»er .".cubic 'feet 5?^«»---. -pounds [wood ..cords [Ashes, pot and pearl, .'barrels- AgricuUtare. * ••*. barrels. /*•••• ..do... ^"^ ....pounds. 484,000 427,038,600 47,900 4,237,750 155,304,000 8,726 29,084 242 711,731 7,185 84,755 77,652 24,432 7,271 $605,200' 7,213,226. 203,971 505,251 737,686 53,591 841,731 45,019, 76,344 10,904,000 7,203 12^215 5,452 I 663,898 468,054 980,956* ■^} ^i& s*- «92 1 '*"! ■•' ■ ■"4 ♦. ••'.1 K .'1 B <» H. Doc. 13di STATEMENT— Continued- Article. .pounds ...do.. ...do.. Quantity. Oheese • Butter Lard ,, Lard oil ga^ons Wool .-...pounds Hides qo.- Tallow ..do... Flouft barrels. Whesk bushels. Rye ^o... Corn ^ .....do .. Corn meal barrels. Barley bushels. Oats... do . Bran and shipstuffs . . .pounds. Peas and beans. bushels. Potatoes do. . . Dried fruit pounds . Qfltton ^o... Unmanufact'd tobacco . .do. . . Hemp Vj'^'* Clover and grass seed . .do. . Flaxseed do.. Hops do.. Total agricultiie 25,602,«00 9,568,000 10,814,000 240,800 10,518,000 672,000 244,000 3,368,463 3,163,666 288,679 7,916,464 7,065 1,809,417 3,694,313 44,036,000 127,600 699,960 1,424,000 220,000 3,702,000 1,160,000 634,000 122,000 652,000 Maimfactures. Domestic spirits gallons . Beer. barrels. m meal and cake pounds. Starch do... ^jLeather do. . - J'urniture. do. . . Agricultural implements . do . . . Bar eM pig lead do. . . Pig ir . 666,993 S i 111 H. Doc. 136. STATEMENT-Continued. m^ Articles. Domestic woollens. . .pounds Domestic cottons do Domestic salt .' "do " " Total manufactures Merchandise Ot/icr articles. Quantity. 824,000 2,248,000 12,816,000 9,160,000 j52^ ^^35^703 ij580 329,423 Live cattle, hogs & sheep . lbs Stone, lime and clay Jo " fyPS"^ .'."."do." %s - ^j^ Mineral coal . . ,i^ ^* do. ?PFfore ,,„ hmidnes j Total other articles ." . Grand total . . 868,000 86,286,000 3,242,000 3,670,000 20,110,000 170,000 418,000 110,392,000 m. Value. $725,419 589,31^ 56,387 U5,581 1,977,151 26,100' 122,000 6,475 220,652 58,753 7,101 62,667 2,202,985 2^06,733- 53,927,508 ^:, l^li^r"^^ :^:i;^ ^^^-a^- on tl. cana.., ^ SS,332.441 landed at Trofand Albn?.; 1 ^ '""P'ry' K'^" amount of .There also went west by rdlwav ftom Ylh ^ ''""'^Tl ^''"'' ^''^ ^^««t, ofWhaiidise, furniturl ^ndlerZof^r^^ '"^ "^"^ '^'^^^ ^°- ktes via the canals or^ central STr^Hw ^^ i'^^' ''T ^^«^e«tern kBo8ton,mu8t pass throuXh^'elid^r^^^ iloes without being either SshbDed 1 h T T"^ ^'"^'^ '' '"^^^y tribute to the comLrce oVsomi^rel"Lr^^ ""'"^"^'^ *° P^^ « ■^^ZZtllZI^^u:?::^^^^^^^^^^ Boston, New .)utes, and. from present .XartTe7 '^?"""^ ^^^ '^^"^^Y f^hZd and t^WC^r ^ ''"^' -'^ .'^^ A^'»"tic cities on hsent traffic with eacTo her '^'' '"'''"''''" ^"^ "^"^^iply their 894 H. Doc. 136. 8 «300OG2«0OOO 00 §} ti ,H CO CO -^ ^ tonnage gouig iworks of Pennsylvania having Im enlln V"^ '""""^^ °^" ^^^ Public fbmtho produce of the Sta^c? vt^udi s " f ''''''°" '^ ^^^"^'^^ chiefly portance. For thjs trade there a^wo 0.1?'"'"' "^"P^^^^e and iZ Imlroiid, and one by' the Tido^LT ""^H^-"~one by the ColumbL of which ^WU be foU aS^r ' ''"^ ^'^^ '^'^^'-^ the tooZ^. I 68 ' • I is , \ V \ ^ fc*>'. / * / / f... ^ ,§85307 73,092,414 -61,105,266 % 45,452,321 ^?, 34,183,167 «f^Sj2S,453,408 !;^ 22,761 ;013 ^•17 ,225,322 18|,924,474 SMhm [#,#4,083 :; 9%f97373 81,989,092 79,779,151 90,033,256 7fa93,464 57.196,122 60,094,716 53,782,054 45,716,045 857,658,164 . The movdmqnts for the past year upon thlst,La^^T^^^^^^^ roul^s only- arc given, for the ^a^t of convenient data The do^^^ ■ ward tonnacre upon the St. Lawrence canals fot^ 1850 ^yas/l-,lJo, ^gJins 329.WL 1951, upon wh)ch ^^^.fZlT^i^'i^^^^^^^^^^ The tonnage is estimated to correspond m value with ine estmiatea value of simiiar articles on the Erie canal. SlatemerU of property sek westward from PhUadelphia by railroad h 1S51. Articles. Agricultural productions not specified Barley ' ■ - f '•'^'.' Cotti He H _ ■Pota Seeds _^ £turcd. Wheat .'...... Hides, dry ...--. - ,«- ■ - ' HP^T" Do. green • rw^.Mo. Leather i. . ». . . -rto. Wool .., -.-• .....do. Bo{urds, plank, &c.. . *^"- Ale, beer, and porter ^^ », Amount. .....barrels.-.. 1,422,6001 7,243i 1,631,6 347,4 52,C 213,500 10\ l,178,50fl| 736,0 684,600| 196,6 646,0001 1.1^1 |1[>|,Q61,708 #4,083 9«4f97,873 81,989,692 79,779,151 9a,033,256 7f,193,464 57.196,122 60,094,716 63,7S2,054 45,716,045 74 857,658,164 wrence and Portnge data. The down- 1850 was 212,135, timate is made. ; wilh the estimated lihia by railroad k Amoimt. ' V 1,422,600 - ,. 7,248- 1,631,600 347,400 ..J. 62,O0D ■ '^ ■ 661 • • • > • 213,500 - T0- 1. . 1,178,500 736,000 684,600 196,600 646,000 \t,m • •. • 1,1S« t- '■:^ :^ H. Doc. 136. STATEMENT-eontinued. . Articles. manutactured Bonnets, boots, &c Chinawure and queJnVw;;^ Uotiee Drugs and medlcYnes'^" " " -m^dods Dyestuffs Glassware^ " " " Groceries ' Hardware and cutlery Bi'gging...... ...__■•■ Liquors, foreign Paints Salt -'.'"."."."■".■""■■ Tobacco Anvils. . Coal, mineral Copper . _ _ Gypsum Iron, pigs .....,, \ ■Iron castings Iron, bar and sheet Nails and spikes,. Machinery..'. Spinish whiting Steel. ..:... Tin Bacon \. . . Cheese Fish..: v." Pot, pew-i^ii^, _^ Marbi«M':'^r^ .TT ^ " "4^' ■ AfiwctiU liral implementf K .' - ** ' Fflipiture ^>. ^S^-r--- except Paper Rags .".! Straw paper iT^androsifl.. — *• «- lard oil). 899 '•"^ Live stock.*, Numbci - > rf •. . . , med !.".'** r^avelled .by emigrants • ..4o^l..... Amount. 5,089,500 6»111,900 6,851,700 2,149,200 36,514,700 .03,600 166,100 33,735,800 10,071,600 193,900 38,187 465,300 44,658 ' 161,400 232,60C> 5,162 76,800 1,244 836,400 2,480,300 ^,801,300 561,200 1,089,400 460,400 760,600 1,247,600 109,300 257,700 33,210 1,726,500 2,656,000 . 7,400 777,200 350,377 1,981,600 1,530,900 M),200 2,620,100—^ ^ 3,359,800 , 73,600 66,766 866,466 «399^,764 64 m Si I ■•» m ----- do -.- Cotton ,...---.-.- -.pounds.--.. Potatoes. . . i s ^° geeds ■ - -v "*^ Tobacco, not manufactured pounds Wheat..,- --- bushels ^■i-—-:*;-*.-:*.: jr :w:;:irv Butter P"""^«- • Cheese do Corn-meal -x b^"*^'^- Flour ^. . . - .do iard and lard oil \. pounds. fioda ashes do .. . Tallow r «o--" Amount. 4,142,000 21,048 31,19.3 464,59-5 681,300 829,600 451,768 38,587 26,039 6,324,000 121,656 463,300 432,700 179,600 JL363,900 ' 3,344,200 3,064,600 4,551,100 4S.400 1,465,200 377,800 215,808 425,500 ' 689,800 46,300 1,500 632,362 3,104 156,100 2,479,900 156,100 1,335,900 9,071,700^ l,759,li)D 71,000 11,693,500 4,543 1,917,7 8,000 6iJ20 315.267 3,817,200 I I3l,fl 292J ■,ad from the Wat, H. Doc. 136/ t STATEMENT-Continuedi 901 Amount. > « • 4,H2,O00 21,048 ... 1 31,193 « - - 464,595 • • ■ 681,300 i- - - 829,600 If 451,768 mam 38,587 ■ - ■ 26,039 6,324,000 121,(556 463,300 432,700 179,600 5L363,900 ' 3,344,200 3,064,000 4,551,100 • • - » 48.400 1,465,200 377,800 215,808 425,500 ... . ' 689,800 46,300 1,500 • • • - 632,362 3,104 156,100 2,479,900 156,100 1,335,900 9,071,700^ •- ... l,759,lflO 71,000 ^<) 11,693,500 4,543 . . • . ;" 'T,M7,700 . . - ^ 8,000 &m 315,267 3,817,200 131,000^ 292^ Articles. Furniture Oil (except lard oil). .'.'.. ' po"nds 1 Paper ,1 giiHons . . Rags '\' pounds..! Straw paper'. , -Jo Live stock _' " do Passengers, tfeilcs travelle(|". .".'." : ' '^^ /^ Amount. 038,000 1,862 891,100 811,800 986,700 7,594,700 4,204.653 Comparattnc/statcmeht of u^ri ^. „, *■«„„„,,„, ,^ ^^^^^ Aitifi, anda and other Koala cirarrd ' '^ B»Con, pork, beef. .'.*. K":fr":::::-------- Burr Work., rcmfnt. r.,iil.stonV«', Clay, German and fire G.lion ;• I Chrrte. , barrels, pounds .numi er. , ■pounds., ...rio.... •..«lo.... •••do.... £"flie jFwti .,..^ I Grintdlniits iGlitsg III. •••••..., |«i''« I™ ••■•" I Imn ore. r™a„ing« .;;;;; Il/ailier fi iMsrlilB..., Ill 'Chandjie not specific Ill • • t^'-e'Sefs... rliisler !»"• -'V NM(.«!one.. .,. t_ iSind...... JSiiwIiiea , Ijj'.rnsin.pitc*! I"li'' il .... d... •..pounds. do. . . , •■•• do..., • ••bB^-rds.. • ••pounds. . •• •pounds.. • • • • .do. . . . • • . .do. . . . do. . . . ••••do.... • • ..do.. . , •• •■ <'o . . , , . • • .ketfs. . , numbfr. . . I. . . . tors, .buiih<'l-i.. . . pounds... •••■'•o ■• •'•> ..barrels. .. • busheln... 292,fi87 4,67« Ct)2,26l 5(i4, 146 >. 245, 595 1.927,245 1. •i'iS, 767 290, 12j 23. 270 185, 879 12, 0.SO, 837 " 264, 4;;0 li (109, 498 .')6i,(i45 29,701,790 4, 779, 1(9" 10,(94 173.0.50 »»«. I.i5 5«>9, 290 1.016.2^9 3..W8 19,543 1,189.017 4,613 1.117,541 765,265 1. 478, 669 6,738,287 1,437,938 92,396 23,193 17(1.94} 15. 237 5,310 695,070 894, 438 936, 548 187, 649 966,218 132,936 37.295 2,122,069 4,658,855 1,672,653' 618,487 30,83.5.069 5, t'6-> 89 9,286 138,214 1, 448. V.55 421.061 1, 133,.39:» 3,535 461 l,3ri87293 1,283.130 \.. 1,^54,201 2..'ia9. 6.56. 070 31.944,140 5.415 139 , 8. 103 199.278 1,310,400 5H3. 4S3 1,<9\926 3,658 « tl* H. Bpc, 13«. ent o)" downward tolls on the Susquehanna and Tide-water canals. ■ ' , Articld. ARricuItural produciB notj^jIKIfieir.". .."pomida »« B.icnnanil beef.. .... ...< .""•• ■ Ba.k » cojds... Boats No .. Bricks, fire mid common Uo.... Butler, cheese, laid, and tallow pourida. .. Coal, antliraciie tons. . . Coal.liiiuminous -. uo. ... Charcoal , P"""''' • • • Corn and other grain • • • .bu^hl;l8. . . Flour '•• barrels. . . |gj ", ^....pounds... Iron, bar end railroad, and nails. tons. . . ,Jron, bloom, tons, 2,41(4 pounds.., #4ron ore tons. . , Iron, pig and cast .^ do. .., ;) Leather ^' pounds.., ' Lime hufhels. . Limestone perches. . ' Liqunr.4, domeslic barrcs.. |Live stock poiinds. . tLqcusi treeiiaiN ""• • • • Luniher, i-awed .sup. feet. . LumMr, maple, cherry, and walnut. .... .do. . . . Mercherdi-ie and nianufaciures not specified. Poles; hoop. .', PaMengers »'%, Raf 8. . . it^P . • i|r Seeds, AjX, grata, Ac. ..^,, 6hin|;les -i,. ••' SUt«^|g ^-'^ 1^8.. Stav^^ . .. ''!ml 1 "'^' • Sumac^Sn^ved and ground bark.. . ,,• • .pftU"d«. . Timbtr'. cubic feet. Tobalco.. pounds. Wheat W6pd,. Wool*. 1849. 920,003 25U,iiHa 3,301 C, 173 1,128. I$3 382, e»3 107,038 20. 640 1,005.000 608, 897 8U, 458 1850. 1851. ■-izz)- 332,242 11.711 2,654 6,169 307,950 • 388,512 109,611 17,679 30. 000 109.691 • 108* 227 .No.. do... pounds. . ....b|Bih'ls.. ....<.■.■ No. . 3,212 2,095 2,188 25.409 1,260.689 183,971|| 24.()5ir^ 54, :m 69.7at) 52,344,215 270, 478 571,916 320,700 1,377 12, 479 16,427 9,049,58.1 646 898, 600 472^74 89^417 » 66,356 810,575 , 1,416 lai.683 1.307.017 2,3ia.0!.3 3,1126 %fi.Nil %.,6!)5 7ti;);78!l ' l-il),37fi .20; 6)3 ■ fl 6,334 2,185 357 17,839 8(^, 32 j 290, 167 9,300 18,265 1.5,200 246, 18(1 62,6-«6,4l6 395,225 1,104,740 326, 307 ■■:& 2.0119 * 878,633 8. 2.i9 8,850,;636 945 952,2711 184,322 24,076 49,134 1,131,767 3,218 55,484 7^,lb2,2S 217,618 1.53H,97L 51b',i90| 818 318,#33 I4>004 -'9,775,(115 ' W 75,5,030 31)."), 7« a4,o;o 63.1,:i6Sl l,t'3},4 3,57)1 27,blil Value ofyroduccj via M\ •civca via cnmils ')puwhh Vnited OH the JIuSson, and at New Orlcam] States exports and impoits. YeaTB. 1840..". 'Mi^9'9'tf ■ w~w'w-^ •-•-•■ • .•-•-■-4 N.Y.eanalB,attide- watof. $23,213,672 22.751.0111 45,452,321 60,883,907 65,480,941 63,927,509 66,893,102 At New Orleants. Total. J$W t45. 7 16,045 67,19~g7r22 70,779,151 96,897,873 106.924,083 108,051,708 $68,467,50 "T02,651,4 130,663,11 152,378,811 160,851,591 174,944,8Id mchanna and Tidc-uater 1850. -.z=)- 332,242 11.711 2,C54 6,169 307,!)50 ■ 388, 512 109,611 17,679 30, 000 109,691 ' 108a 2-27 1851. 5 ;8 16 JO 77 79 27 85 46 00 74 17 56 .75 l.<6 i83 6,334 2, |8J 351 17,839 8fJ:i,32.) 290, 167 9,300 18,265 15,200 246, 180 62,6-<6,4l6 395,925 1,104,740 326, 307 % 2,009 ^ 278,633 8, 2o9 8,850J36 945 952,2711 184,3-22 84, 0)6 49,134 1,131,767 3,218 55,484 1,307,017 2, 3 1 2, 01.3 3,ii26 :%fi,Wil m,6n5 78;);78;» • 1-2!), 278 59i,i(l5 4,iaJ l.Otil 1,135 17.K() 8111,811 IP'S IT i| , asfl,— 77,lb2,2oJ 817,618 1.53it,97li 518,7901 8181 318,433 I4i004 -9,775,615 ' mil 755,030 311.5, 7« I 24,071 63:);i6S| l,t'3-2,4 3,571 S7,blO 'son, and at New Orlcam\ rrts and imfiorls. .716.045 1,779,151 ,,697,S73 i,924,083 (,061,708 .$G8,4C7,5« 102,651,4 130,G63,ua 152,378,811 160,851,591 174,944,81d i'-i^i ,.,:■**?,.. ■yydje^^i^M^'^3, H- Doe- m. ^ or system of exchanges which exi^TL ^^"''"^'•^•«' «« it is a tradi whjch we a. enab J. 00^^^™?,-^- ^ ;W^ e«s:^ l;roS:;^^ -p^ M^^^^ .h. .. ..^. Z. k the whole countn., scvera cl2r., r.- "'"^"^'^''^'^ «f 'he a^^rn-eenTp obliged to pay a.coiSii^^^^^^^^^ 'he fact tSf ^ .sold, or\exchanged, in the Tape'ofZllr:''-'''^''^^ cooperage, insurance, etc., renders it as "Z n/^ri ''""'"S^^ ^"^^^ge commerce of the place where its v-iln^ '^^ u P"''''''^'^ P»«ion of ilie .^though they occurred each til ii"!!!""'^^"^^^ .bj thise expense ! p«t^ion.of thfe value of the e^e clSe" oNl"''"^^- , /^'^^"^-^ -"'"- the; value of the imports and exnort^ .7 7 *^'^^^«'•ld wouldshow countn^ ; and yet su'ch a computS wlSt^', '""^ ^"''^ "^ •''» ' fof the true "money value" or "quSv-^ llg^nto o«« exchange ; or, in other wo^di h J "^ '''"^ ^''^P^^J ^oter- gatc^afductioris of the world wE'^^ Pf^Port.on of the agm-e- mark»ev,ous to consumption in the./''' -^"^^^^ ""' P"^ int^ a gross vaTEe of the domestic trade wiih. .^^ft^m^tes, iheVefore, the arriye-^ at be correct, they should nearly cor^^'^'f' ""^ '^ ^^'« ^^"Its business transacted by all the comm! • ^""^^P^nd with the agrrrerrate It hasrfjeen shown that the dor^'''^ ^""'^' ^" '^e countrf? ^ in 1651. Cas valued at^aiM ^fss'^ TsT "'^^ '-de^i;iakes agricultural produce to fluctuate iri J • '^ """''^^ f^S^of all " »-««. as value composing^t^S^V.^P^^^^^^ ^^ '"'^^JP^^^^ |ac ual increase or decreasi of pi JuS. rl '° ^'^^^on the ot Buffalo creek" show the /S^r^proneriv '"'"'"^ «^ the district and exports at that port; and as the S ' Z^Tf'"^ '^^ '""^P^^^ v^O; fi«r i^presentaiion of the cha acter S'T- ^ ' >"' "^'''"^'^ '« '-^ he tonnage, and value per ton of^hZ ^'^""^^ ^'^^^ commerce, Wdasalia^isinascenSfniigLtot ofT^^^^^^^^ «^' ^hat port ^vill be K the average val^ of exerts "ndimti' "°'"'^^'^«- In this p ISoer ion, whi^ into S314;473 45rT- /' ^^^^^^^ned tb be bl!?'r^°'''""P«'-'« and exports at ;ilth7f'^'^^« ^'971.120 Nnsed American tonnage cngageH thi^ trii^ ^^^^ P^''^^" ^he li- k which into 3,971,1^6 t^ gj .^'f rf f ^. L^^' ^^^ >^^^ "^^^^^red ^»T«-tonTiiM8ufeSent. or eigV^^'ton? gro«« jvemence, received and dischaWd per t^ ' 1^ "?'^ ^' '"""^ ^*^^ r 'J he tonnage of the Mississi^i ami ir/r".'^- * "^PP^y'^g ^his t/ 'r;ty-five per cent, in coSembn litf^'T''-' ^«h an addi- n ■ ii / ! 904 / H. Doc. 136. *■ state/the river tonnage at 136,560 measured t^"»' ^^^^JJI^^J^^^^J^^^^^^^^ t^o^v.four elves 3,2o3,440 tpns. Adding onc-ft utUi, 81J,.J(>0, ton., t^Samoun? for flat .^d keel-boat transportation, and the ngor,. gate sroe^aS groas tons. The average value per ton su^-h pop frtv deceived at N^w Orleans during the year ending August 31. 1S52, wS$83 SSlwhch is assumed as a fair representative value ot ihe Xle trade The gross value of the river commerce m IbGl wa« $33t602.744; and^^ total of lake and river, according to these estimates, $663,976,203. , , Tlnitprl StiUp«ia . None of the enrolled and licensed tonnage otthe^Un.tulK^^^^^^ i»7,4/t> oi wmi-u v,i b fo "coasting trade." The tlt^of'tTake and';!^^^^^ in the " Coasting trad." rSiSedinlt treasury. returns. The treasury return,^^^^^^^^ show that the aggregate registn^d, enrolled, and hccusecl tonnrtg.. h.is Wr«nted^nc^ June 30, 1851, by about ten per cent. It th... ,„- c^e^ronen per cent, be added to 1>864,318 tons, an aggregate is .,r- SatfJr 18^52. of 2,039,749 tons of shipping employed in out A. rived at lor looa, ui -*, , , , ,. bes des considerable rcms- marked Ctlm^ a large proportion ot this tonnage is sa^ and, t ere- tore incapable of as freqSent. trips as steam. An investigation, 1.,,,- lore, ^"^^P^;^ " , . * littfe difterencc in the carrying capanty ^^rn'raltrem^^^^^^^ fuel and machinery of steamers take up, TmuchT^m" and add so largely to the weight, that but a small prJ ^r^n oSht is required to put a steamer in the "nassage trade Kunnng tnm." Hence, the annual "carrying traae" ot a large llamerTlenernlly less per ton measurement than hat of a sa.ln.« tS As^somc ot this coasting tonnage is employed only in s«rnm|r *!fia W thii maior Dortion of it during the wliole year, the capacity ^^tt X^eS assumed i/this estimate at 20 gross ,o J S forms an aggregate of property received and discharged, .n 1, transaction olour domestic tr4dc, of 40,794 980 tons; which estimatcdl The mean value ($81 36) pe... ton of tl«3 Ijdce and nver commerce ol is:i5 would cuiibtiiule a gross sum ot $u,JlJ,UoJ,u<«. i A tow S gi.e 18,0(W.000 ton., valued at S«6 the ton, n„Jl« Thire are also-completed in this country, WrdU ratTea^f ra^r^ but as 2 600 miles have been opened since January 1 , 1 8o2, only M ^l^crL considered aB having participated Hi t^ SveriS of the longest freight Unes have received and delivered an ad SL^S amountinl^ an average of 2.000 tons per mile ; but as m»j gpaXaSmparativelyl^ fteighting business, the average^ t " ■/'■#■■• h- Doc. 196. . ni^fc wmed will be 1 ,000 tons nf»r mi ' cons, whicb, from the aetien] o)!r ^ ^ ^'*''® ^'W^nes^ of la.SIfi 05« at $100 the ton: this w^Mlr^fve^^^^t' '^"*'''' fr^tfmay be^afued ST"^"^ '" «l,08l,5§;^OoX ^^"^'^'^ "^^««« ^^J^^ eoS J^up o/ouJ ;?S^^d;:''g;;'';^*|-tc^ of con^ting th. tlw fairness of this statement caftnorf^""^ data can be arriv^ i2 as the nearest apnroximSnihau-.n'hf"''"'^' '^"^^ « « ^"^7 P0t1»S preseftt systqm of internal UnA. f ^ ma^o to aceur^y/under o2 • results h-- obrainermav nm^Hrt^^^^^^ '^"^ ^'^"^ ths^^ZtC mde to a full mvestigatio^orhr ,,&^^^^^^ ^:^i^ impaS <'•"«• 'J*^*'*''3^thecplIe^ctionofauthektic It Has been customarv herptnfnr^ ■ . • ?r''l!°??" the net m7ney-vl?SilZn "^ "P these or similar e«i. Though this process may corre^lfv LCfp r/""''"t^^^''^g^««««'«ou«i ed .t will by no means d.x-idrtStth?sVn^ ''""'^'^''^^ tons transport- and re-entered, several times, nto thJ^!. f P'-^^Perty has not entSed pomt to point in search of a ^rsorn^^^^^^^' account, as it moved fr^rn 'ollowmg tabular statements, shdW.h'''" ^'""^T'^"^'^' however, The ' are presented; '"' '*'*''^^"g the gross and net tons and value I «■ ] f 185 J. KICT. Tons. Vakie. ^'- «U)M. Ukeeommeroe I , ^. _„„ , , Riwr commerce ::;■■• o'o^V^ IJ57,23B,rg9 ' 2.0A400I I69,75J,372 A«»n-egat<..........n;y,Q— Estimate of 1652. Tom. 3,971,ia6 4,«6C,800 Value. *314,473,468 339,502,744 3^.»88.,01 j 8.037.926 j-lii:^^ ORosa. Tons. Value. ICoMtiBgtrade.... on «•(» ..,^ I I "■"■ " — |Cu»l commerce.... :::"" 9 ^'^ 11.659.519.686 ! 40,794 980 *i ^10 noa »-. 5f 588, 539, 378 I " '^^"' "' "ver twcntv-n iwenty per cent, increase of tonnage * '""^ "' "^^^^ ant* rapb. at a p««f «f i:«i_ i. .M^®"ty thousand miles of m„„„»..v. *„i " --la 906 H. Doc. 138. theo^elves t«the minds of all i^J-%ent^.-. l^^;^^:;^^:^^ ^^'^V frfrkerS^fi^herierand our CaliD.rnia trade, that as cnrried cod, and mackerel nsneriea, ai " ,. ^_^ -^^ astonishing. on in registered bottoms, its ""-^8"*^";^^^^^^^^^^^ hy The fact that our domestip f ^^'l^^^^^^J;^^^ „ trSWportu ti.n, s.l^ t&h r SiSsr c;?proCt is paid, and ^^^ in.t^ -do ,^cm^^^ actively and profitably «vf *'«'.'"^'^,?.*7.!^i^^^^^^^^^^ miles less tbah one hundred ^" ^T ^nf r waf S^^^^^^^^^ ""1^^ of canal, thirteen thomsand ^^^^^^ "^£^^r.^y;jXS tl^llars, is one of telegraph, cost ng Ihoni four ^uncl red .nd ^g^^n of Bf energy, calculated not only to astonish, b"^ to exc te ad mm ^^^^ ^ industry, and enterprise which, m so short a peuou, uutc ^ ^ high position. <-/ " '' ,v <(k ■ii ^ :V /■ \ ' • <►• . ..••#, gtr ' ■ < ', > <- -»™7- .9 \v ■ v« '*««- ^, % '^t ERRATA . Pag* 51 J„ table, ''Excess of lake and river"->i„,te«l of '. 1 406" rriTo .P^e 52. third line from the top-for "Mter" read >"Il ' ''' ^ 1^ m, fifth para^ph-for " Bad rirer " read Mad river • Pag»'jr7, in the heading of export tabl^— f„r " total etnort* " ™nj — .• • , " *» <«,m tte bai of Mblo-for "St. -l_"r„d a ^1,., <^| "•ff I'. .v> '§ J.I. » , «•• li^**.- ■TT- V \ ,%>■ 'Vit I . s ' -. ■• -^ f ' ; T'." # . '■ t) / ^ ' .' ,1 • e i 'i - - * ■?.'•'.« ♦:' :,y ' ' a t :*■'!■ - -• -i ' '"-i; l' :. I ■ . •» ■■ — *