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GRISDALE, E.Agr., D.S.A., Director. GEO. B. ROTHWELL, B.S.A., Asst. Dom. Animal Husbandma.i. RECLEANED ELEVATOR SCREENINGS (STANDARD STOCK FOOD) AS A FOOD FOR LIVE STOCK. ft ?m""*,°^*^' ''^''* '^'^**°' ''^"^"^^'^ '° Canadian stockmen. often%"doSatJ' """^ " "Buckwheat Screening." as wild buckwheat seeds wi/rSl^^eaTrh-y^^re^cS^t ?oor^""^- ''^^ -•- ^^ ^- to the greater cost. ^ *^** " S^°°'^ ™«al mixtures of much state, where the vvl^^lL':.^ ^S"^J':^,:;J!:;::;^' '" ^•■•-'; "-"^'''- to the United tinct value. sui-JitteU to .^e\,ral M'i)..rath,i..^. eurh of dis- What is Elevator Screenings? elevators fo finns ntl United St:;.Tr' >"""'' '" 'f ' "^ " """" ''"^" "-' advantage. ''*''*"• -^''^''^' '* ^^■'^■' '•ef.'raded and used to e.x..ell..„t The composition of tiic Pomi)lptp elcvnfr,- ,.,^ • • ., the district from which the wIumw, =7 ,''''";' '""'"^ '""''''>"' ""^''^'linfr to threshing, etc., etc '' '''"'P'''' *'^'' 'l""''*-^' "^ ^^'^ ^-r"!', cleanness of The complete elevator scroenine-s is now utiHo, n,... . coarse grains. t^raues oi wiieat, oats and other good'c<^;:^SSe' '" '""' '^ ' '''' •^™'' '''- '^ «^-' --third flax seed of these seed, are usek.s/arrte X fredlt '";, 'l'-"*'''' "\V'" '""■^*«^'^^- ^11 thereto a bitter Aavour^-hi^ ma ^r the food molf un; t^^^^^ '"^i'^' ''^'^'"*'' removed in order to make screc-nings a gooSlto^k Jood "'""'-^ '""*' "" 4. Kecleaued scri-enings (Standard Stock Food) (Bu.'kwhnaf ^o cent to 35 per cent. In the following paragraphs the tem> rornl f ";:^'""^>' ^^ P^^ ings denotes the ungraded product at it iT™. J *'^'™ "^ '^f P'*"/*" Klevator Screen- Recleam^ Screenin.^is t.,e^:?ru,:d^:^^ar rortl^^^*^^^^^^^^^^^ ings which 18 of special value as a live stock food. complete ^.levator Screen- 49092 s Recleaned Screening^, Composition of. Tliis iinidiict, now avuilulilc in lartre (luantities for Canudian stoekmpn, may vary soiiiewliat in rhariictiT, but is fairly uniform and wherever used is jirovidinf? an excellent feed. The averupe coini)<)sitioii of many samjiltw used is as follows :-- Broken and shrunken wheat 4(51 per cent. Wild buckwheat 'Ml '' Wild oats. . . . '. > H.l'i " Oats 1.0 •' Flax 0-1 •' Chaff r>.r,r, •' Mustard seed^ 0.70 " Other seeds O05 " The actual pereentajre coiitaiiKnl of wheat and buckwheat varies more tlian in the case of the other eon.stituents. Hoth, however, are of hi(rh food value. A fair chemical analysis of recleaned screenings may show as follows; — Protein 11 per cent. P"at ', " Fibre 8 It will be seen that recleaned screenings shows a higher analysis in both protein and fat than either wheat or domesticated buckwheat. The fibre content is reasonably low. Grinding Screenings. The complete elevator scri-enings may contain such a dangerously high percentage of weed seeds that grinding would be imperative in order to prevent the spreading of noxious weeds. This applies also, though in lesser degree, to the recleaned screenings, and it is distinctly advisable that this product be ground finely even where intended for sheep or poultry. It is practically impossible to grind complete elevator screenings sulliciently fine iu the ordinary grinder to de-stroy all of the smaller seeds. Recleaned screenings, however, from which the greater part of the small seeds have been removed, may be safely used after being subject to fine chopping or grinding. That this feature of fine I)ulverizing is highly important, will be appreciated by owners of clean farms. Appearance of Buckwheat Screenings. The prospective purchaser of this material must not be misguided by its appear- ance either whole or ground. The unground product would seem to contain an alarm- ing quantit.y of wild buckwheat. This weed seed has, however, a feeding vahie almost equal to that of the cultivated variety. In the ground form the meal is very dark in appearance, due entirely to the colour of the wild buckwheat. KESULTS OF FEEDING EXPERIMENTS. Screenings for Fattening Hogs. In 1914-15 experiments were carried on at Ottawa, to ascertain the value of complete elevator screenings and various separations thereof, as hog-feeds. The results obtained from feeding a standard ration, one composed of recleaned screenings and a third of complete elevator screenings and feed flour, with milk in all cases, indicated a high value, particularly for recleaned screenings. All screenings were finely ground. Lot 1 — fed a standard ration composed of shorts, 3 parts; ground corn. -^ parts; oil meal, 1 part — made the heaviest gains of all lots (1-02 pounds per day per pig), requiring 2-5 pounds meal and 3-9 pounds skim-milk per pound gain. ?^^=fT=V-?^^T=^^^^^i5=at:r:TO Lot 2— fed rcclonnod (buckwiioat) (icrfciiliiiis— stood slinhtlr lowf- tliiui li.t 1 in Rains (0.(t(l ihxhuI per pig [kt day), r(>(|uiriii»,' Jf. pounds s,T.rnin>.> and 4r. pound- milk por pound train. With tlio standard nioal nt $W p.T tun. r.'c-l.aucd scr linif'^ would be worth ^Ci'JAO—prarticaUit Ihfi equiv,ih'nt of thr slaiulard mini. A .•omparis.m of prpiont prices on these comninditics would provu ,,f furtlier intcrvst to the hog- fetder. Lot .'i— fed conipleto cU'vator serocnint'S, ■'> parts; fivd Hour, 1 part — stood hjwost of the three in Kaius (-ki pounds per pi;; per day), reortions, the complete screenings had a value of $47 per ton, with the meal mixture valued at S-TO. 2. Blackseeds fed as one-third of the ration proved a i*oliito necessity of fine pulveri/ation of any eli'vutor hy-prnduet in order to dentroy weed seeds, has I een diseus-id. This treatment, unfortanately, renders sueh material rather distast.'ful to ahi'ip, wliich, as ii elns^, prefer a eonrser. less dusty food Nevertheless, jfood results were olitiiined in IHI."), with the winter I'erilin^ ,f himhs. A (;tandard inenl mixture was used I'onsistint; of oats, 2 parts: l)ran, J jmrts, oil meal, 1 i)art. with clover hay and ensihitre. Two parts of the above fed with 1 part t'omiilete ^jroninl sereeninirs, pave hetter results than did the standard ration, in this ease the sereeninus haviiiL' a value of .liTO per ton with tlie standard meal mixture valued at $4."i per ton, a fiuMirc lower than present prices. Complete seroeninjjs fi^d nloiie showed n comparative value of ^M per ton. Screen- iuK.s with hiaekseeds removed, fed alone, attained a value of ii^il."). showinc tiie value of removinK this tmdesiralile element. .\s with hops and cattle, the feedinir of hiaek- seeds in any part I'f tlie ration proved a distinct detriment, lleelcaned scre(>nincs which would prade hlfjrher than complete screeniiifrs with hiaekseeds removed should, on these findinf;s, prove a hiirh-i'lass feed for fatteniiifr li'nihs. SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENTS, Recleane to ifii)!) ))er ton when compared with standard hog- foods. •J. Is a high-class feed for dairy cattle, and may have a value of from $.1.") to $,''.0 per ton on conip..rison with other feeds. 3. Has given very satisfact.)r,v results with fattening steers fed with or without other meals a .id grains. 4. i'or fattening lambs has proven fully as valuable as tor fattening hogs. g ^-:> ;3g r .^sg i ; pi ^i ;;^ j -■K'^^-vixi?^^^ '■S'=^-, '' ' 'y-:^'-^'f--X^^ :."'■■'.■'' 7 ':'■' • J-'- r» t,' -v-y