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 ■«£9«*ii'3S 
 
 \^v4 
 
 TheG 
 
 of religi 
 
 in the > 
 
 18S6; a 
 
 the obje 
 
 objects 
 
 Rule of 
 
 Societj' 
 
 the Pres 
 
 Academ 
 
 vours to 
 
 settler*" i 
 
 plying tl 
 
 of libera] 
 
 Jt thu; 
 
 which th 
 
 voted; I 
 
 interests 
 
 medium 
 
 and, nex 
 
 fusion o 
 
 means of 
 
 the Soci 
 
 brought 
 
 public, tl 
 
 that, in t 
 
■&<^m "^ 
 
 REPORT. 
 
 J HE Glasgow Society for promoting the interests 
 of religion and liberal education among the settlers 
 in the North American Provinces, was formed in 
 18S6; and the designation of the Society suggests 
 the objects contemplated in its formation. These 
 objects are distinctly mentioned in the following 
 Rule of "^he Society: " The general objects of the 
 Society' shall be, to assist the Missionary labours of 
 the Presbyterian Church in Nova Scotia, and the 
 Academical Institution of Pictou, in their endea- 
 vours to promote the best interests of the British 
 settler*" in the North American Provinces, by sup* 
 plying them with native preachers^ and the means 
 of liberal and religious instruction," J j^< i' 
 
 Jt thus appears, that the objects to the support of 
 which the humble efforts of this Institution are de- 
 voted; are, first, the promotion of the religious 
 interests of the American Colonies, through the 
 medium of the Presbyterian Church of Nova Scotia j 
 and, next, as closely connected with these, the lif- 
 fusion of the blessings of liberal education, by 
 means of the Academical Institution at Pictou. As 
 the Society is in its infancy, and has not yet 
 brought its claims in any written form before the 
 public, the Committee presume it will: be expected, 
 thiit^ in this Report, these claims should be clearly 
 
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 stated. In presenting this statement, in the most 
 succincf. manner they can, your Committee shall 
 advert to the two objects referred to, in the order 
 in which they have been mentioned. 
 
 I. 
 
 The Provinces of Nova Scotia and New Bruns- 
 wick, including the Islands of Prince Edward and 
 Cape Breton, contain a population of nearly 300,000 
 souls, of which about 145,000 belong to Nova 
 Scotia. With the exception of a few aboriginal 
 Indians, who still remain like many of their unfor- 
 tunate brethren in the American States, in a con- 
 dition of barbarism; and some descendents of those 
 French settlers, who possessed Nova Scotia before 
 it fell under the dominion of Britain, the inhabit- 
 ants of these districts are nearly all of British 
 origin ; and many of the existing generation are 
 natives of this empire, who have more recently or 
 remotely emigrated thither. In Pictou, Sidney, and 
 Cape Breton, districts in the goverment of Nova 
 Scotia, the popula^'on is chiefly Scotch. And it 
 may be remarked o£ these Colonies in general, that 
 whether we consider their extensive dimensions, 
 Nova Scotia alone being about 300 miles in length, 
 by about 100 in breadth, New-Brunswick being still 
 larger, and the Islands mentioned, of very consi- 
 derable extent— or their susceptibility of cultiva- 
 tion, a great proportion of the uncultivated districts 
 being as capable of improvement, as those which 
 are already cleared— or the rapidity with which 
 their numbers are increasing, and may be expected 
 still to increase, we see in them akeady the founda- 
 
» y 
 
 I 
 
 5 
 
 tions of a great and powerful State, which may one 
 day rival in numbers, in opulence, and in strength, 
 the country from which it originated, and may 
 prove ultimately, either the means of great tempo- 
 ral advantages, or a mighty engine of evil to Great 
 Britain. Of what importance must it be to watch 
 over the interests of this community, connected 
 with us, as it is, by so many ties; and to secure to 
 it in its infancy the blessings of religion and educa- 
 tion, by the lasting influence of which its future 
 character may be determined. 
 
 The differences of religious sentiment which are 
 found in the parent country, have been imported, 
 as was to be expected, into the Colonies. According 
 to the most authentic accounts which the Committee 
 possess, the religious parties in the province of Nova 
 Scotia are the Episcopalians, who, although a small 
 sect in that quarter, amounting to not mo»- j than 
 26,000 souls, are endowed with all the privileges cf 
 an exclusive civil establishment— The Presbyte- 
 rians, amounting to about 45,000— the Baptists to 
 about 22,000— the Wesleyan Methodists to about 
 11,000— and, we regret to add, the Roman Catho- 
 lics, who still number about 23,000. 
 
 It is now 60 years since the fir^t Presbyterian Mi- 
 nister appeared as a Missionary in Nova Scotia. 
 He was soon after, however, joined by others; and 
 from that period, at least 30 have been sent from 
 this country, or have gone out of their ov ^ accord. 
 A few of these belonged to the Church of Scotland; 
 but the greater proportion by far were from the 
 two bodies of the Secession Church, now united. 
 The privations to which the earlier labourers in this 
 
field were subjected-the complicated and formid 
 abIe^d,fficuWes with which they had long to s™!' 
 
 dUy. and ardent benevolence, which, under the sun 
 portmg .nfluence of Divine Grace,' sustain dthX 
 
 wMe ;. '"''"'""' "'^'■' '^•«'"" ■■" ">at remote 
 ^ derness. are greatly unknown in this coun"^! 
 
 iNova bcotia, and have earned for them the .rJti 
 tude, not of these settlers onlv but nfZljJ' 
 ;;■ ">- country, by whom they Urel jo ^d P '' 
 the exertions of those devof/,1 ™ ™"»'0"ed. Py 
 
 were gradually formTd orrpreZ:^^^^^ 
 Presbyteries were established; anla^ enl™„ ,t ' 
 
 strongly dTctateS and T f *''"'' '^-'^""'^''•"ces 
 
 ^astinfbiesitt £ ^:::^:^^r ' 
 
 ono^the^hreeP^sbyterianLILwIo: n'rvl" 
 
 wofiat^prh^sTrri^^^^^^^^ 
 
 a^^Thr/r'^'^r^''"''--'' was'estabbs ^dty 
 
 *"S ^uinisters to vacant chnrrliAe. *k« 
 
 known difference, of sentimenuro^Sl^"!" ^ 
 
 ThewhoI^SesbS;^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 doctrine, worship"^ gove^Sl^^t^^^^^^^ 
 
 lescedinto one chLT C^Ih th^ T""""' "'"'• 
 
 "uicn, with the single exception 
 
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if* 
 
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 formid- 
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 intrepi- 
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 remote 
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 ing in 
 ^rati- 
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 of one Presbyterian Minister and congregation, the 
 terms of the constitution of that congregation forbid- 
 ding its union with any other body of Christians what- 
 ever. Its pastor., however, expressed and retained 
 cordial good-will to the United Presbyterian Church, 
 and continued in habits of Christian intercourse and 
 friendship with many of its Ministers and members. 
 Even prior to this union, the Presbyterian 
 Churches in Nova Scotia were essentially mission- 
 ary. The pastoral labours of a Minister were not 
 long limited to his own congregation; and sometimes 
 singly, sometimes in company, Ministers went spon- 
 taneously, or were formally sent by Presbyteries, 
 on itineratuig tours, more or less extensive; and 
 wherevex they went, they were cordially welcomed, 
 and t'leir labours highly valued by the forlorn set- 
 tlers, many of whom looked back with regrets and 
 tears to the privileges they had left behind them 
 in their native land. 
 
 Missionary exertions now form a very leading 
 object in the meetings of the Presbyterian Synod 
 of Nova Scotia. They appoint a Committee for 
 this object, denominated the Committee of Mis- 
 sions — they raise funds by individual or congrega- 
 tional contributions — they send probationers to the 
 most necessitoua places — when, as happens now, 
 they are in want of probationers, they apply to this 
 country for a supply, and, in the mean time, m'ssion 
 such of their own Ministers as can, with least injury 
 to their congregations, leave them for a season. 
 The Synod of Nova Scotia seem to feel strongly 
 the importance of their situation — are alive to the 
 loud call addressed to them by the destitute cir- 
 
 !ir 
 
cumstauccs of many of their countrymen around — 
 and seem eager to accomplish by contribution and 
 exertion, the more extended evangelization of their 
 country, and its wide vicinity. 
 
 Beside interesting private letters, ynur Commit- 
 tee have an official communication from the Com- 
 mittee of Missions ; and a long and very interest- 
 ing Journal from a pious and enterprising young 
 Minister, full, apparently, of the ardour and zeal of 
 a Christian missionary. The Committee express 
 themselves thus: — 
 
 i 
 
 The Presbyterian Church was originally planted in Nova 
 Scotia, by ministers of the Church of Scotland, and of the ditfer- 
 ent branches of the Secession. But though these clergymen 
 harmonized in their doctrinal sentiments, they long maintained 
 sepai ate communions. Finding, however, that such a state of 
 things marred their comfort, and enfeebled their exertions, they, 
 about ten years ago, formed themselves, with the cordial concur- 
 rence of their people, into one body, represented by a Synod, , 
 and assumed the name of The PRKsnvTERiAN Church of Nova 
 Scotia. In this union all the Presbyterian clergymen at that 
 time resident in those Provinces, with one exception, vere com- 
 prehended. The United Church was divided into thi-ee Presby- 
 teries, to which a fourth has since been added. 
 
 The Synod \v ere, from the first, anxiously concerned to spread 
 the knowledge of religion in settlements which had never, or 
 but very partially enjoyed the dispensation of gospel-ordinances. 
 Many such settlements there Avere, and still are, in these Pro- 
 vinces: and the population are, in general, disposed to give a 
 hearing to the gospel when it comes within their reach, and to 
 contribute also, Ibss or more to the support of those who preach 
 it. And in a number of such places, could frequent opportunities 
 of hearing the gospel be afforded them, congregations would, in 
 all probability, be in a short time formed, able and willing to se- 
 cure to themselves the permanent enjoyment of an evangelical 
 ministry. Missions, therefore, have been frequently appointed, 
 
 I 
 
9 
 
 
 in different directions; and the labours of the Missionaries have 
 beea highly prized, and a renewed enjoyment of Missionary la- 
 bours eaniestly solicited. But having none to mission but settled 
 Ministers who could not be much, or often absent from their own 
 congregations, the system of itinerating could not be very exten- 
 sively practised. Or if a preacher from Britain occasionally 
 joined us, he could not be long employed as a Missionary, the 
 most forward settlements beiiig anxious to appropriate his labours 
 to themselves. 
 
 The Synod, therefore, felt their inability, through the want of 
 preachers, to occupy to any considerable extent, the wide field 
 for missionary exertion which providence had spread before them. 
 But aware, at the same time, that native preachers, other things 
 being equal, are best calculated for usefulness, and that a church 
 which depends upon distant countries for men qualified to fill its 
 pulpits, must necessarily labour under grievous disadvantages, 
 instead of directing their eyes to the churches of Britain, they 
 were solicitous to make an attempt to provide, fr< m among their 
 own youth, an increase ond a succession of gospel ministers. 
 And the establishment, about the same time, of t.He Pictou Aca- 
 demy, furnished them with the means of carrying their plans in 
 some measure into efl'ect. A number of young men of respect- 
 able talents had finished their classical and philosophical course 
 at that Institution; and being disposed to prosecute their studies 
 with a view to the holy ministry, the Rev. Dr. M'Culloch, in 
 addition to all his other duties, was requested to take them under 
 his care as Piofessor of Divinity. These young men having 
 made a ompetent proficiency in Theological knowledge , were 
 about three years ago, regularly licensed as preachers of the 
 gospel. 
 
 The entrance of these young men into the ministry was a great 
 relief to the Synod. They laboured extensively through these 
 Provinces; and through their means, it hath been deeply impress- 
 ed upon the minds of the people, that men reared and instructed 
 in Nova Scotia, may be as acceptable and as useful preachers as 
 those who have been born in Britain, and taught in seminaries of 
 long established and acknowledged reputation. But these young 
 men are now settled in congregations, and so tlieir missionary 
 Ubours may be said to have come to a close. A number of young 
 
. ^^** ■*"' '^'I'Wippp'W" 
 
 10 
 
 men are now prosecuting their «tudio« with a view to the minis- 
 Zy. but of these only six have yet entered on the study of d.- 
 vinity ; and none are yet ready to enter upou trials for hcense. 
 
 Beinff at present destitute of preuchers, little missionary work 
 can be undertaken, iiU such time as we find it expedient to license 
 Bome of our students of divinity. But we mdulge the hope that 
 we shaU be able in the mean time, to do what may prove highly 
 beneficial. There are some of oiu: Ministers who have smaU 
 congregations, and but a scanty income; we propose, therefore 
 to employ such Ministers, with the consent of theu- vespec tve 
 congr^rations, for a part of the year as missionaries, and to ahow 
 them pecuniary recompense in proportion to their services. 
 
 Another method of augmenting the ' aiber of our preacne^ 
 engages our attention ; but the aid that may be derived from itis 
 considerably more distant. There ave many youths in the com- 
 „.on schools throughout the country who ^l^l:* ;^"-« ^ ^^^^^^^ 
 upon a cours. of study peparatory to the mimstry, but wh,se 
 parents being poor, are not .ble to carry them forward ; we pro- 
 pose, therefore, to give some pecuniary encouragement to youths 
 I such circumstances, who give evidence of piety, .-"^ "lore espe- 
 cially to such of them as may be intimately acquainted with the 
 G»lic tongue. For in many settlements the G«lic language is 
 much better understood than the English ; and many individuals 
 
 understand no Englii^h at all. , , , , j v *i. „ 
 
 From what has been said you will see, dearly beloved brethren, 
 that we stand much in need of your assistance. The means m 
 1^ poLsion are very inadequate to the object which we have 
 in view; and we have formidable opposition to encounter. But 
 we r esolved to prosecute, according to the abdity which may 
 Te vichsafed us, tL work which hath been committed to our 
 trust And we will thankfully receive yom- counsels, and your 
 contributions, and earnestly solicit an interest in year prayers, 
 that the pleasure of the Lord may prosper m our hands. 
 
 From the Journal referred to, the Committee 
 make the following extracts:— 
 
 In keeping this diary, my principal object is to ftrnish the 
 Committee and friends of missions, with such a sketch of the 
 
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 topography, local diatnnc^s, and modes of travelling, and of the 
 moral condition and religious wants of that remote section of the 
 provinces, as may guide them in the appointment, and facilitate 
 the ends <vf missions to it in future. To subserve this purpose,' 
 minuteness of detail is indispensably nece&ea-y. It is hoped, there- 
 fore, however tedious it may prove, that the tnd to be gained 
 will apologize for the means used for its attainmont. 
 
 August IGth. Left Richibvcto for Miramichi at 2 o'clock p. m. 
 on horseback, passed Uirough a conUnuation cf small senleraenta 
 of French Roman Cathci; -or Q -nilcs, and crossed thi*-e riverB 
 or arms of the Bay, in tiu aal mido of ferrying here, which is 
 as follows:— Two wood or log canoes are floated side by side; 
 across the top or gunnels of these, a number of boards are laid, 
 and upon these boards, ^' horse j.nd passenger are stationed, till 
 the wiiole is paddled over, frequently by a French womai ..id 
 her child. 
 
 Here at the end of 6 miles I left my horse, not be^.g able on 
 account of the state of the road, to use him further, and took the 
 woods on foot. Travelled 6 or 7 milee without a hour.e, the 
 greater part of the way through a deep cedar swamp, and arrived 
 at Kouchibonguack river, (a station at which I preach 6 or 7 
 Sabbaths annually to a part of my congregation) at 7 oVlock. 
 
 nth Friday, Left Kouchibonguack at 7 o'clock, a. m. on 
 horseback. Found that my horse as I proceeded, instead of faci- 
 litating my progress, actually in many places greatly impeded it. 
 The country coastwise here for 100 or 150 miles, is nearly a dead 
 level, and much of it a mere swamp, in general covered den lely 
 with spruce, fir, pine, and cedar, and dl adapted for the purposes 
 of agriculture. Like the Ia«t stage of the preceding day s journey, 
 my road now consistec* merely of a pathway cleared of tlie wood 
 which once covered it, but yet untouched by a spade. Much of 
 it I was forced to walk, and in much of it my horse wallowed up 
 to the saddle in mud. 
 
 26M, Sabbath. Unable to procure a horse here or any where 
 in the vicinity, I gave up the idea of reaching Bathm^t in time 
 to collect an audience, and sent up an early notice to M^ew Ban- 
 den, 4 miles distant, a small settlement principally of Wesleyan 
 Methodists from the south of Ireland, that I would preach to 
 them at 11 o'clock. Found them as far as the notice extended, 
 
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 12 
 
 assembled at the hour, and very attentive. Instead of standing 
 in time of praye-, they all kneeled, and many of them left the 
 house with their cheeks bedewed with tears. The audience was 
 about 40 in number, and a few more might have been collected 
 had there been time to give them notice. 
 
 Upon enquiry I found that they had been well supplied with 
 Bibles by the Ladies' B. Society of Miramichi, and also that they 
 liad once organized a Sabbath School among them, but that 
 through mismanagement it had fallen into decay. I endeavoured 
 to show them the importance of such an Institution among them, 
 and urged them strongly to revive it, which they promised to do. 
 Septanber 2d, Sabbath. Preached to an audience of about ISO 
 persons, which is nearly the amount of the Protestant population 
 of Bathtirst, as the audience in the Episcopal church consisted of 
 but nine individuals. Baptized 2 children, and gave notice that 
 I had brought with me a few copies of the Assembly's Shorter 
 Catechism, and Brown's First Catechism for children, for sale or 
 gratuitous distribution, and also a few Tracts. I also intimated 
 that in consequence of the Preachers lately employed by the Com- 
 mittee as Missionaries, being now all entrusted with the pastoral 
 care of congregations, tlie Committee would be unable to send 
 the Bay any further supply, till the beginning of next Summer, 
 when they expected to have two young men out from Scotland, 
 but that when these arrived, they might rest assured one of them' 
 would immediately l- missioned to them and the adjacent settle- 
 ments. With this information they expressed themselves much 
 pleased. In the evening, by a previous appointment, I went up 
 the Tatagouche river (distance 3^ miles) and baptized the six 
 youngest children of Hugh Munro, Esq. the eldest an adult, the 
 remaining five not. 
 
 Bathurst is not, anu will not likely fo. a number of years, be 
 capable of supporting a Presbyterian clergyman. The French 
 population are the most numerous, and they are all here (as in 
 every settlement round the Bay) Roman Catholics. They have 
 a chapel and resident priest. The exterior of a small Episcopal 
 church has been nearly completed here, and a person in deacon's 
 orders, has been sent on by the bishop of Nova Scotia, to offici- 
 ate m it; but had we an acceptable Presbytorian clergyman esta- 
 blished here, the former would not have at an average one dozen 
 
 tmfKimmim 
 
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13 
 
 -<"■' ••*' , 
 
 hearers. As tliis side of the Bay has lately been erected into a 
 county called Gloucester and Bathurst, constituted the site for 
 the shire town, there can be little doubt that an Episcopal clergy- 
 man will be continued here, however small his audience. The 
 Presbyterian population are able, and would, I think, be wijling 
 to remunerate the Committee for a preacher's labours one fourth 
 of the year. Many of them anxiously look for some arrange- 
 ment of this kind. They have yet done nothing towai-de erect- 
 ing a church, and probably will not, till they have some pros- 
 pect of a permanent supply of preaching. 
 
 8#/«, Saturday. Arrived at Ristigouche in time for breakfast, 
 and was very cordially received at the house of Robert Ferguson, 
 Esq. where the Missionaries sent hither generally lodge. 
 
 Wi, Sabbath. Preached two sermons, as usual, to a very atten- 
 tive audience of about 130 persons. Here let mo record the 
 goodness of God, and say, thus fai- hath he helped me. After 
 being confined to bed in sickness the greater part of Satui'day 
 and Sabbath moniing, and having feared that I would be unable 
 to prosecute my mission farther, I was enabled to go through 
 the labours of the day with greater ease, and to return from the 
 pulpit less exhausted, than I have some timas done when in my 
 uf.ual health. Aftor sermon, intimated that I would preach in 
 the same place on the Wednesday following, at 3 o'clock, and on 
 the following Sabbath at 11. Also that I had a few Catechisms 
 and Tracts for distribution. 
 
 lath, Monday. Disposed of about 1 dozen Catechisms, and 
 distributed a number of Tracts, but was forced, on account of my 
 limited supply, to send those who applied away in every instance, 
 with fewer than they solicited. Here and at Bathurst, copies of 
 the Westminster Confession of Faith, were frequently called for, 
 but I had none to give. 
 
 I2th, Wednesday. Preached at 3 o'clock, to an audience of 70 
 or 80 persons, (the day was blustry and wet,) and conversed 
 with a few individuals, who applied for baptism for theii- child- 
 ren. Distributed a few Tracts. 
 
 13^, Tlmrsduy. Spent a considerable part of the day in con- 
 versation with parents, who called to solicit baptism for their 
 children. 
 
 IM, Friday. Distributed u few more Catechisms and Tracts. 
 
 ■ ^ 
 
.^!e- 
 
 14 
 
 I6t/i, Sabbath. Preached two sermons to an audience of about 
 165 persons, and baptized 7 children; of the above number of 
 hearers, many came either on foot through the woods, or in 
 canoes and boats, 15. 18 and 20 miles, to the place of woi-ship, 
 and numbers of them left home on Saturday, Besides these also, 
 some attended who could not get within the doors, the hous'. 
 being small and crowded, and not being able to stand without, 
 on account of a drenching rain, were forced to retm'n home with- 
 out hearing any of the services of the day. 
 
 Nc^v Richmond. September 20th, Thursday. Preached at 12 
 o'clock in a private house, to an audience of about 45 person.., 
 and intimated that I intended again to preach to them the follow- 
 ing Sabbath. 
 
 23d, Sabbath. Preached two sermons to a very attentive au- 
 dience of 76 persons, chiefly from the west of Argyleshire, (Scot- 
 land.) This is nearly, or quite, the amount of the Protestant 
 population of this settlement, as there were few indeed absent 
 within ten miles of the place of worship. Numbers during the 
 time of divine service, were melted in tears, and all after the as- 
 sembly was dismissed, seemed reluctant to leave the place, where, 
 it is to be hoped, some at least had enjoyed an interview wi^'i 
 God their chiefest joy. A recollection seemed to be awakened 
 among them, generally of the time when they went up together, 
 Sabbath after Sabbath, to the sanctuary of God, and encompas- 
 sed his holy altar in the land of their fathers. And the parting 
 effusion of every heart as they returned to their homes, seemed 
 to be, " Oh that we could thus enjoy the public ordinances of 
 divine grace every week, our other privations in this wildeiness 
 would be comparatively easily borne.'' 
 
 From these extracts, and many others which 
 might have been quoted, it appears that a wide and 
 inviting field of missionary labour opens to the 
 Presbyterian Church of Nova Scotia, in which, your 
 Committee trust, the members of this Society will 
 cheerfully come forward as liberal coadjutors. It 
 has often been objected to Scottish Presbyterians 
 and other dissenters, that they have hf^herto done 
 
 4 I 
 
 mmfn 
 
15 
 
 almost nothing in the way of direct missionary la- 
 bour. And it is readily conceded, that in the guilt 
 which unquestionably attaches to the Christian 
 Church generally, of most disproportionate libera- 
 lity, zeal, and labour, in the great work of evan- 
 gelizing our dark world, Presbyterians and other 
 Dissenters in our country have an ample share. 
 But while there are Missionary Institutions among 
 us, deriving their chief support from our own 
 countrymen; and while we feel ou selves at liberty 
 to appeal to the contributions which have come 
 from Scotland into the treasury of almost every 
 British Missionary Society in existence; we may 
 also appeal to Nova Scotia, and other districts, as 
 presenting the happy fruits of our missionary un- 
 dertakings. These undertakings, indeed, Lave been 
 conducted without noise; but, by the blessing of 
 God, their results present an amount of Christian 
 worshippers brought and kept together in a church 
 state, equal, perhaps, in number, and superior, pro- 
 bably, in intelligence, and general Christian cha- 
 racter, to those of the most extensive and success- 
 ful Missionary Institutions, who have limited their 
 exertions to heathen lands. And when the prior 
 claims of those residing within our own empire, 
 speaking our own language, and who have emigrat- 
 ed from our own shores, are considered; and the 
 facilities which their circumstances afford to the 
 Christian Missionary over those of heathens, in the 
 most promising condition, it cannot be anticipated 
 that an appeal in their favour can be made in vain. 
 It may be thought by some, that as a Society has 
 been formed in this place by members of the 
 

 B 
 
 i6 
 
 Established Church of Scotland, for the purpose of 
 imparting to the North American Colonies of Great 
 Britain the blessings of religious instruction, there 
 can be no good reason for the interference of this 
 Society, as far at least as missionary undertakings 
 are concerned. On this somewhat delicate sub- 
 ject, your Committee will express themselves in 
 few words. 
 
 The Society, then, with whose affairs they are 
 entrusted, is not to be understood as hostile or rival 
 to the Institution to which they have alluded. 
 They believe that that Institution is under the di- 
 rection of good men, whom they regard as brethren 
 in Christ Jesus; they believe that they have at 
 heart the spiritual interests of the Colonies; they 
 are persuaded that theii Missionaries will be the 
 friends of evangelical truth, and will be placed un- 
 der the most express engagements to teach no other 
 doctrine ; and as the harvest in these provinces is 
 large, and the labourers few, they cannot but desire 
 and pray, that this Society may be directed to a 
 wise selection of the fittest scenes of labour, and 
 may be employed as honoured instruments by the 
 Lord of the harvest, to send forth many faithful la- 
 bourers into his harvest. 
 
 At the same time, your Committee must remark 
 that they are in some degree precluded from co- 
 operating with that Society, from the exclusive cha- 
 racter which it assumes, providing by its regula- 
 tions, '* That no Minister shall be sent out under 
 the patronage of the Society, who has not been li- 
 censed and ordained by one of the Presbyteries of 
 the Established Church; and no teacher or cate- 
 
ngn^ 
 
 chist, who is not a communicant with the Establish- 
 ed Church." 
 
 But their chief difficulty arises from the effects 
 which it is probable will result to the Church in 
 Nova Scotia from the labours of the Missionaries 
 of that Society. It has been remarked already, 
 that about ten years ago, Presbyterians of all deno- 
 mmations in Nova Scotia formed themselves into 
 one church, and that, as no local causes of separa- 
 tion among Presbyterians exist in that Colony, the 
 Presbyterian Church welcomes into its communion 
 evangelical Ministers, and private Christians, from 
 every body of Presbyterians in Scotland, those of 
 the Established Church equally with those from the 
 Dissenters. Your Committee cannot but regard 
 this united Presbyterian body as the fit and obvi- 
 ous medium through which Presbyterians of every 
 denomination in this country should act, in their 
 efforts to evangelize more fully Nova Scotia, and its 
 immediate vicinage— and that any thing tendino- to 
 revive or promote division in this body, is an evil 
 which Presbyterians in this country should cautious- 
 y avoid. Did the Society connected with the Esta- 
 bhsiied Church send out Ministers and other Mis- 
 sionaries to enter into the communion of this church, 
 with which they harmonize in every thing not local 
 to this country, and to co-operate with it in its efforts 
 for the spiritual interests of the Colony, it would re- 
 ceive our cordial approbation and warm support. 
 This, as far as we see, without any sacrifice of prin- 
 ciple, and in the spirit of a scriptural charity, united 
 with inflexible regard to truth and agood conscience. 
 It might do, with the good hope of lending its influ- 
 
18 
 
 ence to the cause of Christian union, in a quarter 
 where this is so preeminently necessary. But as tlie 
 Missionaries of this Society go out to Nova Scotia as 
 members of the National Church, to form congre- 
 gations of that communion exclusively, we cannot 
 but dread, that animosities and fresh divisions may 
 be excited in the Colony, that separations without 
 cause may re-appear, that the hearts of those men 
 who have borne the burden and heat of the day 
 may be afflicted, and their hands weakened, and that 
 the great common cause may suffer. Sure we are 
 that our brethren of the other Society have no such 
 vicA^s or wishes, but such may be the results. Our 
 own apprehensions may be disappointed, and the 
 Missionaries sent out may breathe a spirit so pacific 
 and paternal, as may prove an effectual antidote to 
 unchristian strife, and may even induce them to 
 seek the communion of a church from which they 
 are not excluded by any difference of religious sen- 
 timent, and which will gladly open her doors to re- 
 ceive them. But if that land of unity and peace 
 shall assume the appearance of a field of division and 
 strife, we trust that even that evil, however much 
 to be deplored in itself, and for its immediate ef- 
 fects, the Lord of the church will ultimately over- 
 rule for good; that notwithstanding every way 
 Christ shall be preached; and that in spite of the 
 errors incident even to good men, these things 
 will fall out for the furtherance of the gospel. In 
 the mean time, as this Society, as far as its mission- 
 ary exertions in Nova Scotia are concerned, pro- 
 poses to act only through the medium of the church 
 
■i^p 
 
 19 
 
 there, it has an object well defined, and which, at 
 present, the other Society does not contemplate. ' 
 
 11. 
 
 Your Committee will now pass to the claims which 
 the Academical Institution at Pictou has on the 
 kindness and liberality of the friends of religion and 
 liberal education in this country. The Academy 
 was founded about 10 years ago; and has the high 
 sanction ofaRoyalCharter, obtained in consequence 
 ot long deliberations in the Colonial Legislature, bv 
 whom a bill was passed, with the usual formalities, 
 m order to the incorporation of the Academy. 
 
 It was natural that in projecting the plan of this 
 establishment, its friends should turn their eyes ^o 
 the parent country; and accordingly the Pictou 
 Academy is avowedly formed on the plan of the 
 Scottish Colleges. The same branches of literary 
 and philosophical education— the same course and 
 order of study— the same unrestricted access to the 
 advantages of education which distinguish the Uni- 
 versities of Scotland are provided for there. We 
 do not presume to place that infant seminary, but 
 starting in its course, on a level with those matured 
 and highly efficient institutions of our native land, 
 any more than we would compare the community 
 scattered through the woods of the new country, 
 with the advanced society of the old. But Rome 
 herself was once a rude village; and, we trust, the 
 interesting Institution at Pictou, is the auspicious 
 commencement of a great future University. 
 
 This is neither the age nor the place in which it 
 IS necessary to plead the cause of improved and free 
 
 c 
 
20 
 
 education. The advantages of science and litera- 
 ture are now only doubted by fools, and dreaded by 
 bigots J and that any man who has leisure, capacity 
 and pecuniary means of acquiring those advantages, 
 should be excluded from them for an hour, on ac- 
 count of the sect or party to which he may belong, 
 is a sentiment which most men would blush to avow, 
 and which can find abettors only in some interested 
 friends of ancient abuses, or in minds in which the 
 opinions of the dark ages have entrenched them- 
 selves, in defiance of that fulness of light by which 
 they are now surrounded. Your Committee are per- 
 suaded, therefore, that you will rank among the be- 
 nefactors of those Colonies, the enlightened men who 
 have laboured through good report and bad report, to 
 open to their countrymen the avenues to the highest 
 departments of useful knowledge j and they are also 
 convinced, that if a case can be fairly made out in 
 their favour, they will appear deserving of the libe- 
 ral support of the friends of education in this 
 country. 
 
 There is another College in Nova Scotia. At 
 Windsor, situated about 100 miles from Pictou, an 
 Institution called King's College has existed for 
 many years. It is a Government Institution, form- 
 ed on the model of Oxford, and consequently quite 
 exclusive in its spirit and rules. To use the lan- 
 guage of a *« Memorial," containing an authentic 
 statement of facts on the subject of education in 
 Nova Scotia, — 
 
 The only other Seminary of the same description, in that or 
 any of the adjacent Provinces, is King's CoUege at Windsor. 
 This is an establishment of co nparatively hng standing, and 
 
nc Uy endowed, by the munificence of the British Government 
 --by the liberality of the Society in England for the Propaga- 
 tion of Christian Knowledge in Foreign part8,~and by in-ants 
 from the Provincial Government;— altogether amounting to un- 
 wards of £2000 per annum. With this splendid revenue it 
 mamtains only two Professors, besides a Master and Usher'for 
 the tuition of a Grammar School connected with it. The average 
 of its Students, too, is only about twenty-five; and its rules, like 
 those of Oxford and Cambridge, are exclusive; so that, though 
 It IS supported, in a great measure, by the common funds of this 
 Countvy and of the Colony, yet by far the majoriM' ''^ the Set- 
 tlers, not belonging to the Ecclesiastical Establishment of Eng- 
 land, are shut out from the benefit of its education, unless they 
 choose to sacrifice their religious principles. As a specimen of 
 Its restrictive spirit, and to shew how far it is carried into prac 
 tical life, the following is the language of one of its statutes an- 
 ticipating that it would become a University:—" No Member of 
 " the Uni^ ersity ehall frequent the Romish Mass, or the Meeting. 
 " Houses of Presl^yterians, Baptists, or Methodists; or the Con- 
 I' venticles or Places of Worship of any other Dissenters from 
 the Church of England; or where Divine Service shall not be 
 " pciformed according to the Liturgy of the Church of England." 
 
 From this quotation it must appear, that the peo- 
 ple in Nova Scotia were reduced to the necessity 
 of attempting another Academy. The College of 
 Windsor derives part of its revenue from the com- 
 mon taxes; but so closely is that seminary connect- 
 ed with Episcopacy, that the great body of the in- 
 habitants must either violate their conscientious 
 convictions, or exclude themselves from its advan- 
 tages. It is enough that such an evil should exist 
 in England, where it is met by many very effectual 
 antidotes; but it is intolerable that m Nova Scotia, 
 without any antidote, tliis virus should be injected 
 
■MMMiliaiiiiii 
 
 ^) 
 
 2^ 
 
 into that infant community, and made to rankle in 
 all its veins. 
 
 But there is another and a higher view of the 
 case The fate of the Pictou Academy is connect- 
 ed with the rehgious interests of the whole Protest- 
 ant part of tlie Province, the Episcopalian handful 
 excepted. The notion that any country can now 
 be effectually and permanently evangelized by fo- 
 reign influence has been universally abandoned. 
 I he enormous expense connected with the fitting 
 out of many Missionaries from distant countries- 
 the impossibility of finding either funds or men iu 
 sufficient abundance to provide for the complete 
 and abiding religious instruction of a foreign coun- 
 try of any considerable extent-the inaptitude in 
 many views, of foreign, compared with native la- 
 bourers-the prefence extensively shown for the 
 latter— and the small comparative expense at which 
 they can be reared and sent forth, all go to prove 
 that although foreign Missionaries must often com- 
 nience, and may be long employed as valuable aux- 
 ilianesin carrying forward the work of Christian in 
 struction, yet if that instruction is to be general and 
 permanent, natives must be the agents in imparting 
 It. Foreigners may set the example of clearing 
 some patches of the forest, breaking up some por- 
 tion of the soil, sowing the proper seed, and watching 
 over ,t til lit reach maturity; but if the gigantic 
 forest Itself is ever to be swept away, and the soil 
 which It covered to be cultivated and rendered 
 fertde, men at home, who feel for their country's 
 barrenness and desolation, and have interests around 
 them that move their hearts, must flock to the work, 
 
 •' ■j f' ^ 
 
 \h 
 
 '^•'mtrjimi 
 
in 
 
 le 
 t- 
 t- 
 il 
 
 V 
 
 }- 
 
 ■ ■ ! ■ t 
 
 23 
 
 lIlT?"'*' "" S''"' undertaking. Bnt how 
 shall the Protestant Dissenters of Nova Scotia rear 
 a native m.n.stty? Episcopal Windsor indignantly 
 shuts Its gates against them. In the vocabulary of 
 that estabhshment. those holy assemblies in which 
 the gospel of salvation is heard, where the Re. 
 deemer of men vouchsafes his presence, where im. 
 mortal SOU.S are trained for glory, are net churches, 
 are but meeting-houses or conventicles; and he who 
 ventures within their precincts, is inadmissible to 
 the learned abodes of Windsor. Our dissenting 
 brethren of Nova Scotia (and members of thf 
 Church of Scotland are her^, as in all the Colonies 
 >n all England, and all Ireland, every where t' 
 deed, except in this Scotsish nook of the empire" 
 dissenters as well as we) must, therefore, e the; 
 content themselves with an uneducated ministry 
 always a great evil-or send their studious youth 
 either to the free States of America, or to thi. 
 
 TT2w. "'"""'''• "'*'■■ °^ ^'>'<=h "■= <^'q"al to 
 a prohibition m most cas.>s-or they must have 
 
 what they ought to have, and shall, we trust ely 
 
 —an Academy of their own. ■' 
 
 But your Committee are persuaded that they 
 
 have yet to state a still stronger claim on behalf of 
 
 iet^l/ri '"""°"'"^'='°"- '(^persecuted. 
 Let t^t be known; and Scotsmen, especially Scot- 
 tis Presbyterians, above all Scottish Dissenters 
 will not, cannot desert it. The model of the go! 
 vernment of Nova Scotia, like that of Canada I 
 essentially British. It has a House of Assembi; 
 consisting of the representatives of the petl^' 
 chosen by as free and extensive suffrage as in Eng 
 
 in 
 
34 
 
 ^ 
 
 land, and corresponding with our House of Com- 
 mons — a Council of twelve, having powers in regard 
 to the other House, similar to our House of Peers, 
 in relation to the other House of Parliament- 
 while the Governor represents the King. The 
 claims of the Pictou Academy have been brought 
 very often before these bodies; and in the House 
 of Assembly numbers and talent have been trium- 
 phantly on their side. In any division on a question 
 connected with the interests of the Academy, and 
 there have been many, the friends of the Institu- 
 tion have for the most part come off with more than 
 two t" one in th«ir favour. Under this patronage, 
 and its consequent influence on the Council, they 
 have obtained, till lately, an annual grant of £400 
 currency. In the Council, however, in which the in- 
 flue^ ce of the Bishop predominates, by whom the 
 Academy is dreaded as the rival of Windsor,* and as 
 securing to Dissenters those educational advantages 
 which Windsor denies them, because they are Dis- 
 senters, the majority were never cordially with them; 
 direct opposition is now powerful; and evarj^ pre- 
 tence is employed to counteract the wishes of the 
 representatives of the Colony. — Your Committee 
 regret to add, thai :i new influence has appeared. 
 The Missionaries^ of the Society connected with the 
 Established Church here have never shown an un- 
 friendly spirit; but two Ministers, correspondents 
 of that Society, and of the same communion, who 
 
 4 
 
 * The Bishop has recorded his opinion in the following Avords ; 
 on its riie or decline, depends the depression or advancement 
 " of the College at Windsor." 
 
 n 
 
 "K 
 
 I 
 
 r''%M 
 
 r , 
 
25 
 
 came to the Co-lor^ subsequent to the union of 
 the Presbyterians, and who possess influence chiefly 
 from their suemir.g connexion with the Society 
 here, have employed their utmost influence in op- 
 position to the Institution, and have along with 
 other opponents petitioned the Legislature against 
 it The Bishop and his faction have thus the pre- 
 text of saying, " The Presbyterians are at variance 
 on this question; one class supports the Academy, 
 another opposes it. — Let Goveiiiment withhold their 
 support till the Dissenters are agreed ainong them- 
 selves." Let it not be thought that we mean to in- 
 sinuate that the Glasgow Society gives the least 
 countenance to this opposition. They have declar- 
 ed, and they have recorded their declaration, that 
 chey wish well to the Institution at Pictou. But 
 by these combined influences the proposal, often 
 brought forward by the Hoube of Assembly, to 
 make the annual grant of £400 permanent,^ has 
 been invariably negatived in the Council, on one 
 occasion by the casting vote of the Bishop j and 
 recently even the annual grant has been denied. 
 Shall the enlightened friends of this Institution, 
 then, b^ suffered to struggle alone? Shall this cry 
 of oppression find no response in the breasts of 
 Scotsmen? Shall we not come forward with tem- 
 porary relief to our Trans-Atlantic frliow subjects, 
 and endeavour to sustain them in the crisis of a 
 conflict, in which, if they can only be sustained 
 for a while, public opinion, and j.ubiic spirit in the 
 Colony, will soon bring them off in triumph, and 
 render them permanently independent of aid from 
 Britain? . 
 
^6 
 
 It is, however, but fair to inquire, whether, after 
 all, this Academy be so conducted as to merit sup- 
 port? and whether the opposition to which we have 
 alluded, may not be well founded? Some members 
 of your Committe might speak with pleasure, and 
 with perfect consciousness of the truth of their 
 statements, of the character and acquirements of 
 the respected individual who presides over the In- 
 stitution. They might mention examples of the 
 successful tuition conducted in the Academy, in 
 the case of three preachers of the Gospel who re- 
 cently visited this country, and v/hose pulpit ap- 
 pearances placed them on a level with the mass of 
 preachers educated here. They might appeal to 
 the Memorial formerly alluded to, in which the 
 merits of the Institution, and of the gifted and in- 
 defatigable person at its head, are not only attested 
 by twenty-nine out of the forty-one members of 
 which the House of Assembly consists, including 
 the Spealver of the House, a man of talent, and 
 holding the offices of Solicitor-General of Nova 
 Scotia, and Ch'ef Justice of Prince Edward Island; 
 by the Chairman and Clerk of the Annual Meeting 
 of the Methodists, and by the Moderator and Clerk 
 of the Baptist Association of the Province; and in 
 which the following recommendation is subscribed 
 by the Principal, and several of the most eminent 
 Professors in the University of Edinbuigh, by seve- 
 ral Advocates, among whom are the names of Mr, 
 Jeffray, and Sir James MoncriefF, and by several 
 Professors of the University of Glasgow: — 
 
 We, the Subscribers, having considered the above Representa- 
 tion; and being satisfied both tint the Seminary to which it re- 
 
 mimmm 
 
-3am 
 
 27 
 
 fers, was called for in the Province of Nova Scotia, and that it ia 
 calculated to diffuse the blessings of a liberal education among a 
 great majority of the Colonists, who, it appears, by the restrictive 
 statute of the College at Windsor, would otherwise be excluded 
 from it, do concur in recommending it to the Public in this 
 Country. 
 
 We might appeal to the speeches in the House 
 of Assembly, some of them distinguished by an 
 eloquence which would be respected in the British 
 House of Commons, in which the most influential 
 even of the Episcopalian members of the House, 
 give their powerful testimony to the Institution, and 
 to its conductors. But your Committee content 
 themselves with quoting the following document, 
 being the formal Report of a Committee of the 
 Legislative Assembly of Nova Scotia, made in the 
 year 1824. 
 
 Mr. Fairbanks, Chairman of the Committee appointed to 
 examine into the Petition of the Trustees of the Pictou Academy, 
 brought in the following Report : — 
 
 The Committee appointed to examine into and report upc^n 
 the merits of the Petition of the Trustees of the Pictou Academy, 
 have agreed to report — 
 
 That, in discharge of the duty assigned to them, it became ne- 
 cessary to receive evidence in support of the Petition, and in 
 regard to the character and progress of that Establishment. This 
 evidence has been afforded by the Rev. Dr. M'Culloch, Mr. 
 Patterson, Mr. Blanchard, the Speaker, and others, who 
 have attended before the Committee and been examined. The 
 minutes taken are herewith returned. 
 
 That the Commiitee, upon consideration of the subject matters 
 of the Petition, and the general result of this evidence, are of 
 opinion, that the Pictou Academy is a highly useful Institution, 
 
 D 
 
 mmmmm 
 
28 
 
 conducted on an exrsilent system— tliat of the Scotcli universities, 
 and peculiarly adapted to meet tlio wants, and accord with the 
 sentiments of the majority of the la'mbitatits of tl»e AKastern Di- 
 vision of the Provi, e in regard to the higher branches of Edu- 
 cation. That its establishment and support has been, and will 
 
 continue to be, a favourite object with the greater part of the body 
 of Dissenters in the Province, on account of its total exemption 
 from any disqualifications to Students originating in religious 
 distinctions, and for the careful attention which its conductors 
 have manifested for the morals of those who attend it. That the 
 expense of attendance and instruction is reduced to a very low 
 rate, and thereby the attainment of a sound classical education, 
 and of a competent knowledge of the other Branches of Scierce, 
 commonly taught in the higher Schools, is brought down to tiie 
 means and ability of those, who, if the Academy did not exist, 
 would be wholly unable to provide for these advantages for their 
 Children. And, lastly, that the support wlijra tlie Institution 
 has received from private sources iias been on a most liberal scale, 
 and justifies the opinion the Committee entertain, tliat it will con- 
 tinue to increase in numbers and usefulness, if under moderate 
 encouragement. 
 
 The Committee have also to state, that the first difficulties of 
 an establishment of this nature, appear now to be overcome ; an 
 appropriate building has been erected at a considerable expense ; 
 and a philosophical apparatus and small library are provided. Tlie 
 course of instruction has received and detn-ved the sanction of 
 several years success, and the teachers are established. Of these 
 the Principal, Dr. M'Culloch, whose literary and other qualifi- 
 cations are universally admitted, is now, and has for some time 
 past, been devoting his time and care exclusively to the duties of 
 the Academy ; and attached himself entirely to its fortunes. AH 
 those circumstances are pledges that the establishment, although 
 in some degree of a local, is not of a private or temporary nature, 
 but calculated to extend its usefulness, and enlarge with the pro- 
 gress and advancement of that impoitant division of the Province; 
 and the Committee refer to the list annexed, of the Gentlemen 
 who have been Students at Pictou, for the best proof of what has 
 already been accomplished in this Academy. To this they will 
 
 - . — ■ ! nMn i i^ tmJa 
 
■II imtm%tJ - «i.. 
 
 29 
 
 .^? 
 
 add, that the Institution possesses decided advantages, in many 
 respects, to those students who are destined to the Ministry iu 
 the Presbyterian and other dissenting Churches, and is for this 
 object indispensably necessary if these are to be supplied by the 
 youth of the Province; and further, that class of men, competent 
 by their literjiry acquirements and moral conduct, to supply the 
 numerous English Schools, now imperiously required throughout 
 the Province, is chiefly to be obtained from the Students of Pictou. 
 Referring to the exclusively Scotch character of the population 
 of the Eastern part of the Province, and to their known, and per- 
 haps laudable partiality and attachment to the Institutions of the 
 country whence they have originated, and regai-ding also the 
 great and rapidly increasing population of that quarter, the 
 Committee consider that there exists a fair claim on the part of 
 Pictou, for support to the Academy, for which so decided an in- 
 terest is there manifest, out of that general revenue to which they 
 so largely contribute ; ant as from the evidence before them, and 
 other considerations, the Committee are obliged to believe that 
 this Institution will be attended by a class of persons who, on 
 various accounts, are, and w^U be incapable of prosecuting their 
 studies at King's College, Windsor, or in the Institution of doubt- 
 ful and uncertain stability, now forming in Halifax; they have 
 deemed it their duty, under the cleai^est conviction of the invalu- 
 able benefits which Education confers on a country, to recommend 
 the Pic' lu Academy to the continued support, and fostering care 
 of tlie General Assembly; and believing the honorary Collegiate 
 distinctions to be useful as incitements to the emulation and 
 diligence of Students, and to be the means of extending the re- 
 spectability, and character, and influence, of the Institution, while 
 the incapacity to grant them, possesses a tendency injurious and 
 perhaps discreditable to it, the Committee cannot perceive any 
 substantial reason for refusing to allow these privileges to the 
 Academy. 
 
 The Committee therefore repc. t, that, in their opinion, it is 
 expedient to provide by an act of the General Assembly for a 
 permanent allowance to the Trustees of the Pictou Academy, of 
 the sum of Four Hundred Pounds from the Treasury; and for 
 bestowing upon it, with full exemption from all tests now required 
 
30 
 
 of its Trustees, tJte name, distinction, and privileges of a College, 
 as known and enjoyed in Scotland. These, the Committee believe, 
 will remove all impediments to the advancement and prosperity 
 of that Seminary, give it stability and consideration, and justify 
 its supporters in bestowing that assistance which the doubt of its 
 permanence now renders it prudent to withhold. 
 
 In closing this Report, your Committee will not 
 express, because they do not feel, a doubt, that the 
 interests of the Academy at Pictou, will awaken in 
 the breasts of those whom they represent, a gener- 
 ous and an efficient sympathy. From the causes 
 which have been mentioned, it is needless to dis- 
 guise it, the affairs of the Academy are in cir- 
 cumstances somewhat critical. We trust it will 
 survive all the perils with which it is now encom- 
 passed, and will soon be established on a basis on 
 which it may defy the efforts of its most powerful 
 foes. But f the Academy is in danger of falling; if 
 the efforts >fthe enlightened friends of the Colony 
 should thus be frustrated, and the blessings of liberJil 
 education be withheld from the hopeful youth of 
 Nova Scotia, we at least ought not ^o look to the 
 hazard without emotion, and without prompt and ad- 
 equate exertions to prevent these evils. Before the 
 influence of an unscriptural, unjust, and therefore of 
 necessity, an insecure and temporary Episcopal as- 
 cendancy, the Pictou Institution, and the important 
 interests connected with it, if unprotected by Scottish 
 aid, may fall for a season ; but we will not shut out 
 from our minds the re'' mg expectation, that the 
 hostile influences with wiuch that seminary has now 
 to conflict, having been swept away, some kindred 
 
 4 
 
 1 
 
 
 HxpmttM ' m ummimm* ' * ' 
 
 '\ i-~rn 
 
MMMll 
 
 liberal Institution, will at last arise; for, doubtless, 
 the period shall arrive, when the reign of our God 
 and of his Christ, having reached their predicted 
 extension, his Almighty arm shall bring down every 
 where to the very dust, that spirit which now af. 
 flicts that infant Colony, and which has wrought so 
 long and so mischievously in the Church of Christ, 
 and in the civilized world— a spirit of proud, lordly, 
 intolerant domination. 
 
 f 
 
32 
 
 1 -\^ 
 
 i^ieniptitng anir iSmuitione. 
 
 I 
 
 Collection by the Nicholson Street 
 Congregation, Greenock, per the 
 llev, Wm. Wilson, £5 
 
 Contribution from the Society for 
 Religious PuJ'poses, connected 
 with the Associate Congregation 
 of Cumnock, i)er the Rev. Robt. 
 Brown, 5 
 
 Mr. A. Mitchell, Merchant, New 
 
 York, 3 
 
 Robert Hood, 2 
 
 Andrew Mitchell, 2 
 
 Robert Henderson, , 
 
 John Henderson, 
 
 Makom M ' Call um, 
 
 James Sommerville, 
 
 Robert Bartholomew, , 
 
 David Wilkie, 
 
 John Crum, 
 
 Robert Thomson, 
 
 Mrs. Wm. Stenhouse, 
 
 Ml'. James Finlay, 
 
 - Wm. Neilson, 
 
 Wm. Menzies, 1 
 
 Robert Aikman, 
 
 Henry Knox, jun 
 
 Alex. B!'rlas, 
 
 Rev. H. Heugh, . 
 
 Mr. Thomius Mitchell, 1 
 
 A Lady, per Rev. H. Heugh,... 1 
 Mr. Robert Knox, 1 
 
 William Dunn, 1 
 
 Matthew Anderson, 
 
 Rev. W. Kidston 1 
 
 Dr. Dick 1 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 3 
 2 
 2 
 
 I 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 1 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 Rev. G. Struthers, £0 10 6 
 
 Mr. John Mitchell, Manufact.... 110 
 Robert Brand, 1 1 
 
 Patrick Mitchell, 1 1 
 
 William Blackwood, 1 1 
 
 W. G. MitcheU, 1 1 
 
 Rev. R. Muter 110 
 
 Mr. Thomas Muter, 10 6 
 
 - Wm. M'Gavin, 1 1 
 
 William Si.eU, 1 1 
 
 Alexander Mein, 110 
 
 Jolm M'Gavin, 1 1 
 
 Rev. Robert Brodie, 10 6 
 
 Dr. John Mitchell, 1 1 
 
 Mr. George Stevenson, 1 1 
 
 John Hart, 10 6 
 
 John Dalziel, 10 6 
 
 George Barlas, 10 
 
 Samuel Dow, 7 6 
 
 Murdoch, 10 6 
 
 James Graham, 7 6 
 
 John Harvey, 110 
 
 D. Robertson, Bookseller,... 5 
 
 Thomas Grahame...... 110 
 
 John Mitchell, Writer, 1 1 
 
 John M'Innes 10 6 
 
 James Mitchell, 110 
 
 Andrew Brocket, ^ 110 
 
 Wm. Diudop, 1 1 
 
 A Friend, 10 6 
 
 Do 1 1 
 
 Do 1 1 
 
 Mr. Robert Moncrieff, 110 
 
 Rev. J. Macfailane, 10 6 
 
 Abstract of Treasurers Account. 
 
 Cr. 
 
 To amount collected from 1 7th July, 
 
 1S27, till 29th April, 1828, £6G U C 
 
 £66 14 6 
 
 € 
 
 By expensr if printing Proceed- 
 ings and Address, &c. ... j614i 16 6 
 
 expense of Collecting, and 
 
 other incidentfil expenses, ... 18 6 
 
 Remitted to the Trustees of 
 
 th" Pictou Academy, and 
 the Committee of Missions 
 of the Presbyterian Church 
 of Nova Scotia, equally, ... 50 19 6 
 
 J:66 14 6 
 
 .\ I 
 
 x. 
 
 ''^ 
 
n 
 
 MHM 
 
 HUH 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 G 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 10 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 The Committee beg leave to subjoin the following extracts;— 
 that the two first of them may show, upon impartial authority, 
 that in Canada (and Nova Scotia is in the same situation) the 
 Ministers and members of the Church of Scotland, and of the 
 Secession and other Dissenting bodies, are identified in doctrine, 
 discipline, and worship, and ought, therefore, to be united in fel- 
 lowship and operation ; and that *he last of them may plead, in the 
 words of an able Editor, for the free Institution at Pictou, while 
 he pleads for a similar Institution in Canada. 
 
 No. I. 
 
 Extract of a Letter which appeared in the Glasgow Chronicle 
 o/SOthJamiari/, 182S. 
 
 Besides the two tables in the Doctor's (Dr. Strachan) Chart, 
 giving an account of the Clergy of the Churches of Scotland and 
 England, to which I have shortly alluded ; there is a third, which 
 professes to enumerate the Ministers, not in connexion with the 
 Church of Scotland, or as he calls them, " Ministers of the In- 
 dependent or Presbyterian order." Now there is a notorious want 
 of candour in this very title. The word " Independent" as it 
 is understood as distingnishihg a religious sect, has no more ap- 
 plication to the Ministers or Congregations on whom he has be- 
 stowed it, than to the Reverend Doctor himself, and his brother 
 Episcopalians. The fiict is, they are both. Ministers and people, 
 Presbyterians, and nothing but Presbyterians. They are Mini- 
 sters of the Secession Church, which in this country where patron- 
 age does not exist, differs in no one respect from tlie Church of 
 Scotland. They believe the same Creed, subscribe the same Con- 
 fession of Faith, teach the same Catechisms, use the same Psalms, 
 conduct their worship by the same Directory, dispense the same 
 Sacraments, in the same manner, and under the same regulations; 
 have the same Church Courts, and in fact, differ in no respect from 
 the Clergy of the Church of Scotland. Tiieir hearers too, were 
 most of them, members of the Church of Scotland, before they 
 came to this country; and because they found that the Presby- 
 terian Clergyman, nearest to the place where they were settled, 
 had been ordained by a Secession Presbytery, did not imagine, 
 that in attending his ministrations, they were departing in one 
 
\ ■ 
 
 M 
 
 34 
 
 iota from the Church in which they had heeii bred. In fact, 
 these Churches, so far as they go, are proofs of the prevalence of 
 the doctrine and discipline of the Church of Scotland in Upper 
 Canada, quite as strong, as if each of their Clergy had been born, 
 educated, and ordained in her communion. The Doctor knew 
 well that this was the real state of the matter. He knew also 
 that by so stating it, his object in the drawing up of his Chart, 
 would be much impeded. — Hence his gratuitous addition of the 
 word Independent, in the name he gives them — a term they have 
 never taken themselves. They distinctly declare themselves to 
 be Presbyterians according to the Church of Scotland, and have 
 expressed a desire to be nominally, as they are in reality, one 
 with her. 
 
 r»-^^»<^'^i»^ **»/v*<v»t»#»^i»^ 
 
 Sir, 
 
 No. II. 
 
 (from the GLASGOW CHRONICLE OP 25th JULY, 1828.) 
 
 Perth, Ujyp&r Canada, 8th May, 1828. 
 
 Though I have begun to wi'ite, I scarcely know whp.t topic 
 will best suit your taste; whether domestic improvement, or for- 
 eign policy; whether politics, or religion. In these peaceable 
 times, things go on so uniformly, that we have few incidents of 
 a domestic nature to record. All our settlers, who are contented 
 and industrious, are happy and prosperous; for in all ages, and 
 in all countries, the hand of the diligent mo,keth rich, in comfort, 
 if not in v. ealth. Your Glasgow politicians, now Canadian free- 
 holders, have a more interesting subject to attend to than the af- 
 fairs of the nation — namely their own affairs. To cut down trees, 
 root out weeds, and cultivate wheat, " the staff of life." But 
 passing these things, let me tell you about the state of the Church. 
 
 Strange as it may appear to you, parties in Canada are nume- 
 rous, and raore zeal is displayed about the form, than the power 
 of godliness. Here we have all the sects you ever heard of, and 
 some of which you have no knowledge. The disputes among 
 them of late, however, have been more of a temporal than of a 
 spiritual nature. One-seventh of land in this province, you know 
 is devoted to the support of a " Protestant Clergy," the Clergy 
 of the Church of England supposing themselves to be the only 
 Prctestant Clergy in the world, have laid their paws upon the 
 whole. To this procedure, however, the Presbyterians have de- 
 murred, and put in their claims for a share. The subject is now 
 before His Majesty's Governm^ent, and we anxluusly wait the 
 result. 
 
 In the mean time, it may be proper to give Presbyterians them- 
 selves a hint. In this country, as in Scotland, some distinction 
 is made between the Established Church of Scotland Pud the 
 
 \- ^v^-N 
 
 ^ 'A.__...s., 
 
1 
 
 35 
 
 ^cv 
 
 Secession Church; althoiigh the distinction is in reality without 
 a difForence. Claiming connexion with the Kirk, there are six 
 Ministers and their Congregations ; while those favouring the Se- 
 cession, are twelve «it least ; and strange as it may appear, these 
 last have always recommended a union of the whole. 
 
 During this state of things, an event happened, which, it 
 is to be hoped, will have a good effect in healing divisions, 
 and producing unanimity. A meeting was he^'' .t Montreal 
 to promote tJie interest of the Presbyter'an Church general- 
 ly. Resolutions of a liberal character were also passed, and 
 an application to the General Assembly was agreed on, with a 
 view to a gener.il union or all the Presbyterians in the two pro- 
 vinces. The news of these proceedings were received with joy 
 all over the country, and most of our Ministers and their Con- 
 gregations, not only got up petitions, but raised subscriptions for 
 defraying' the expense of an application to both the British Go- 
 vornment and the General Assembly. What the result will be 
 we cannot tell, but hope it will lead to a union of all Presby- 
 terians in the Canadas, so that, as there is but one Shepherd, 
 there may be but one fold. We sincerely tnist, that all the 
 friends of liberal measures and of true religion in Scotland, 
 which we love as our native land, will aid this design both by 
 their countenance and their prayers. 
 
 It may surprise you *o be informed, that even in these circum- 
 stances, two or three unluippy men here, who, by their improper 
 conduct, have thrown themselves out of all church fellowship, 
 are trying to sow discord amongst brethren ; and, under the pre- 
 tence of zeal for the Church of Scotland, are procuring names to 
 an application to the General Assembly for a Minister from that 
 body. But it is hoped that neither the Church courts at home, 
 nor candidates for the ministry, will be deceived into a measure, 
 originating in party-spirit and personal animosity. 
 
 The Presbyterian Church in this place still prospers, in spite 
 of the numerous attempts that have been made to accomplish its 
 ruin. Hitherto these attempts have only covered its enemies 
 with disgrace ; and I still trust that no weapon formed against 
 it shall prosper. Its beginning at first was small; but it has 
 waxed stronger and stronger, till it is now inferior to none in 
 Canada. 
 
 :\ 
 
 No. III. 
 
 (from the SCOTSMAN OP AUGUST 27th, 1828.) 
 
 In a country like Canada, the government which lends itself tp 
 the views of a sect, goes perpetually wrong. Last year, it seems, 
 
 '-atim 
 
 MpM 
 
\\ r 
 
 36 
 
 A \..r H,P Rritish Parliament, for establishing ii 
 an Act was passed l>y ^ f .f "^J {rp^er Canada. This shouhl 
 CoHege at York, the tq»'t.d ot L p >e ^^^^ Minister. 
 
 ..ave been a boon to the P--"-^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ X'hat has been the 
 listened to the coun^..ls ot ^^J- ^*^'^;;';'^' i.eed nnder the control 
 con.o(i«once? The Senunary ''^ J^^^^'^J^ ^ ....er word., it has 
 of " the Church," and the Arch-deacon m ^^ . 
 
 been made the College of one sect,^f--^ ^te Privince, has been 
 
 and what ^'-"^^ 'l"'^^'*'* '''^T " \!" • 'it' into a fresh source of 
 turned by the alchemy of F^ > '^l 'W^; Township Resolutions 
 rlivioin'i and discontent. Many oi uic x 
 t;:;; stroL^ly on this subject; we subjom one. 
 
 Besolr.lAtk, That by tlu, most ^^^^1^^^:;:^. 
 pvese,.tations, the Rev. A-hdeacon Su^l- aM^ ^^ l^^^^^^^^ 
 If this Meeting,) got %* .^J^^.^^^S^^^^^ 
 underthe ^^'^ ^l^^'^^^ ^I'^^y^^^^^^ before me«- 
 
 BesoLea ,tn, That the tendency of^ol^e f«m« on^ucl. 
 
 principles, and of all the t^"'^;"^' «. ^^ ^phdon of this n.eeting, 
 [end i dominant Church, ^^'^-f'.^f.^i^^X literary, civil and 
 is contrary to the wishes, .'^"^V"' ?'J2/^,;^ter portion of the 
 religions liberty and happiness, ot tU^ g^eaie i 
 
 Canadian population. ^ ^ 
 
 Sesok^im. That in c^er to P^-'Jl^rCl^^al^^ 
 resulting from a aominant Olmrrfi, J^'' '» V" ;«,,„ „,,ni,,, House 
 
 ^representations, .t .. ^'J --/;^^^^^^^^ ,„a„,v a College 
 of Commons, and our ^.oionirti au b , ^ appropriate 
 
 Vally free for all veUg.ou. ^eno. "aUon^ -;d ^^ J^P ^_P ^^^ 
 the C/ero?/ Besen^es, for the purposes u g 
 the improvement of our highways. 
 
 To this we ^all^dth^^TthR^u^n^-^^^^ 
 
 ship, (Markham) and an extract ^^^^^^ J"« ^ ^ ^^^.^^^ i^st. 
 
 voted by the House of ^-7%^^^^ and offering 
 
 « That a University free t^o'^^/^"^^,, , ^^f Cliristians, 
 
 literary honours and distinctions alike to all classes o 
 
 is much wanted." 
 
 n . the Petition)^' While we fully -d^^^^^^^^ ^^i - 
 Jtt ,our Majesty s gracious mte^^^^^^^^ 
 
 Charter ^or the establishment of an ^mje^^^^^^ ^s the great 
 
 Mre would beg mostrespectfuly to r^^^^^^^ 
 bodvofvour Majesty's subjects in this rrovuicj' 
 
 o tLclurchof^EnVand, ^W ^a^ f "^ J^?^^^^^^ th. 
 
 rwter contains provisions which are calc«iaiea^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^ 
 Institution subservient to the paiiiculur .u-.v.-.- - - - 
 
 ^1 
 
 "^ 
 
 •v,-^ 
 
 rWs 
 
 ^ 
 
mm 
 
 37 
 
 X 
 
 4 
 
 ^'? 
 
 and to exclude from its offices and honours al'. who do not be- 
 long to it. In consequence of these provisions, its benefits will 
 be confined to a favoured few while others of your Majesty's 
 subjects, far more numerous, and equally loyal and deserving of 
 your Majesty's pateriud care and favour, will be shut out from 
 a participation in them. Having a tendency to build up one 
 particular Church, to the prejudice of others, it will naturally be 
 an object of jealousy and disgust. Its influence as a seminary of 
 leai-ning, will, upon these accounts, bo limited and partial. We, 
 therefore, lumibly beg, that your Majesty will be pleased to listen 
 to the wishes of your Majesty's people in this respect, and to 
 cause the present Charter to be cancelled, and one granted free 
 from the objections to whi<;h, emboldened by a conviction of your 
 Majesty's paternal and gracious feelings to your loyal subjects in 
 this Province, as well as by a sense of duty to the people, and a 
 knowledge of their anxiety upon the subject, we have prejuuieu 
 to advert. 
 
 " Wc woidd also beg leave to state, that it is the gene- 
 ral desire of yoiu* Majesty's subjects in this Province, that the 
 monies arising from the sale of any of the lands set apart in this 
 Province for the support and maintenance of a Protestant Clergy, 
 should be entirely appropriated to purposes of Education and in- 
 ternal improvement — we Avould most humbly represent, that, to 
 apply them to the benefit of one or two Christian denominations, 
 to the exclusion of othe»*s, woiUd be unjust as well as impolitic, 
 and that it might perhaps be found impracticable to divide them 
 among them all. We have no reason to fear that the cause of 
 religion would srffpr materially from not giving a public support 
 to its jNIinisters, and from leaving them t«^be supported by the 
 liberality of their people." "^