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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mithode. 1 2 3 4 5 6 MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2) 1.0 LI L25 m m m 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 1.4 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 A -APPLIED IKAHGE Inc ^^ 1653 East Main Street Srs: Roctiester, New York 14609 USA ''^ (716) 4^2 - 0300 - Phone ^= (716) 288 - 5989 - Fax A LECTURE ON .^^^"^ - THE SOCIAL EVIL, DELIVERED BY W. S. OLIVER, M.D., -* ASSIST. SURGEON FOURTH BATTALION GOto RIFLES. TO THE MEN OP THAT CORPS, March 7tlit 1863. J QUEBEC ; IPRINTED BY MIDDLETON AND DAWSON, SHAW's BUILDINflP. 1863. A LECTURE ON THE SOCIAL EVIL. Men of this battalion, I have been requested by n brother officer, who devotes most of his time and attentio:. Ju promoting your well-being and comfort, to make a feu remarks here to-night on a subject known by the name ol " the Social Evil." The term is inappropriate. This mild appellation ha? no doubt, been attached to it to render it capable of bein^ pronounced by pure lips, and to enable its being printei. in the journals of the kingdom without defiling the eye or- shocking the feelings of the tender reader. It is, as it were, a pellicle of ice cloaking beneath its crystal surfa*'. a pool of decomposition. By those two words is expressed a sin of the deepest dye, one of the most impregnable strongholds of Hell that the Devil could found in the flesh of the creature that God has fashioned after His own image. Its dire inoculation has tainted more than (I might say) half the human beings of this globe, and has been the destruction, both soul and body, of nearly two-thirds of ity victims. 4 Of the everlasting torture tlie cver-liviug soul has been sacriliced to aud doomed to under^>, for tuc momentary earthly gratilicatiou of its frail pmmtm, it is not within my province to touch upon. Conscience, the ministering angel of each human frame, and our spiritual advisers, have, trom the period we have become rational creatures, preached to us the conscciucuccs and the penalties we have to pay for fornication's sin ; but it is in my capacity as curator of the body, and as a medical officer, that 1 wish t the tendcrest affection, and sorrow and allliction are unknown to her until that period arrives when the devil laya his fatal grasp on the being who is ordained by the Creator to be the protector of the defence- less one, and chills in his breast that peculiar heavenly inspiration of devoted love, posscs^l by man alone, the safe-guard against vice, the prom«iife of all that is holy and noble ; and substitutes in its place that lust which renders man inferior to tiio irrational brute beast. Lust, a term of such degradation that it is inaj)plicable to the brute (feature, and framed only for the human victim whom the devil has made his own. It is an amalgamation of all that is deceitful, cowardly, and debasing. It be- comes, in the instance under consideration, the immediate destroyer of that poor confiding woman's immortal soul, and the harbinger of temporal woe and bitterness to her mortal body. From that period she is hurried rapidly forward in the current of the world's wickedness — her sense of self-respect and honour have departed with her virtue ; she loses all heavenly attributes, and the corrup- tion and the future tormenfjs /f her soul are similated oniy by the previous offeftUfher Tiie T)ody is subjected to ere it descends prematurely corrupted to the grave. Yes-, and this irretraceable pathway from time to eternity ; this clayey couch of death, how often is its cold pillow courted by the violent hand of suicide to release her weary frame from I the de of futt] repriel raging there, soul, misers ic is the 3ndncs8, ji ; she I sorrow , arrives who is dcfcQCO- leavonly )nc, the t is holy i which Lust, e to the 1 victim araation It be- imediate al 80ul, i to her 1 rapidly }S3 — her ivith her ! corrup- .ted oniy 2d to ere i. Yea, ity ; this courted ry frame 7 '♦I from temporal trouble. In the temporary bitterncsa of the deadly poison she experiences but the sweet foretaste of future oblivion ; in the dreaded halter she procures roprief ; into the dark deep waters of the pool, or the raging torrent, she plunges without a shudder, seeking there, in kindling the torture-furnace of eternity for her soul, to extinguish the ngoniziu},' flames of earth in her miserable body. One more nnfortunat'', \Ve»ry of breath, Rashly importunatf, Gone to her dc-ath. • •••*•• Sisterly, brotherly, Fatherly, luotherly. FeelinfeS had changed ; '"' Love, by harsh evidence, Thrown from its eminence; Even God's providence Seeming estranged, The bleak wind ol March Made her tremble and shiver ; But not the dark iMi,A/v5/l. Or the black flowing river ; Mad from life's histoiy, Glad of death's mystery, Swift to be hurled— Anywhere, anywhere, Oat of the world. In she plunged boldly. No matter how coldly The rough river ran— 8 '?* Over the brink of it, l*icture it, think of it, Dusolute man ! Ij'vo in it. drink of it, Tnen, if you can ! ^. Take her up tenderly, Lift iier with care; Fashioned so plcndorly, Young, and so fair I Ere her limbs frigidly Stiflen too rigidly, Decently, kindly, Smooth and compose thorn, And her eyes, close them, Staring so blindly ! Dreadfully staring a Through muddy impurity, As when with the daring Last look of despairing Fixed on futurity. What a melancholy reality is contained in those memo- rable lines of Hood. - But ere this sinful body has passed through the gulf of iniquity to the realms of eternal torture, picture to your- eelves the sorrow and wretchedness that follow in its track. The father, who has loved and laboured for her from her infancy, is weighed down with despondency and sorrow, iiiitinielv to the f?rave. The tender mother who cave her hose memo i the gulf of are to your- dIIow in its or her from and sorrow, 10 crave her 9 birth, who from her bosom nourished her with the essence of her own substance, nursed her, clad her, fed her, fondled her affectionately for years, ftnaliy receives th4ftp fatal sting offhtt" daughter's shame in the very heart which cherished for her tliat never-fading and grandest emotion of the human breast — a mother's love. But the sad tale does not end here ; this poor creature becomes the outlaw of God, the outcast of the world : friendless, remorseless, and rendered desperate by despair, she enters that out-post of hell, the brothel, and there circulates through hundreds that germ of corruption witli which her vile body is inoculated. What a fearful destination unmeritedly preconcerted by the liand of her unmanly protector. Look around%t this vast universe ; consider how beau- tifully it is formed by the Creator for the creature, man. Look at the mighty firmament studded with innumera- ble glorious constellations, never tiriug in illuminating the wonders of this earth which Grod has "ven man as a temporary inheritage. Every animate and inaninmtr substance which it contains or produces, being formed for his use, his sustenance, and comfort. The most useless weed, when acted on by that glorious luminary of the day, in forming the principal pabulum of its own life, decomposes iu its self-nourishment the dele- terious carbonic acid that is thrown off from the lungs of each breathing creature, and, retaining the destructive 10 a life-supporting current of oxygen for the sustenance of man, and of all living creatures formed for bis use. Even the lightning spark of heaven's artillery, in its transit through the air, adds its mite to man's benefit, in the formation of ammonia, which, with that produced by the worthless offal on the dunghill, and diffused through the air to prevent it acting injuriously on all animal beings, is brought down by the rains of heaven to form the chief nutriment of the vegetables that the surface of this earth is ever producing for man's support. The mountains, those conductors from the elements of the gushing fountains that render earth inhibitable, are consi":ned to him as nature's fortresses .for his country's protection. •• "»• The rivers are his scavengers of the laud, ready-formed roads for his commercial intercourse ; they are the channels through which passes from the bowels of the earth that {laid wliich feeds heaven with its dews, and man with an clement that is incorporated in 77 per cent, of the muscular tissues of liis body. Let liim dig into tlie depths of the earth ; it is stowed with granaries of wealth for liis sole use. Let him look u{)on earth's surface—- how varied and beautiful its scenery, and what a picture of usefulness ! — comparatively speak- ing, not a pin's point of it can be touched that does not afford man some gratuitous gift. The fishes of the sea, the fowls of the air, the elements almost are at his pleasure ; tliere is a cliangc of season because he likes variety. What ^ jj^raud creation, and how magnificent I But how much 11 tenance of se. ery, in its jenefit, in Dduced by I through lal beings, 1 the chief this earth [ements of table, are country's ,dy-formed e channels earth that 1 with au [i muscular is stowed him look ts scenery, ely speak- : does not lie sea, the pleasure ; 3t7. What how much grander and more beautiful is the frame-work of the unworthy creature whom the Creator has ordained to be lord of that creation ? /J Reflect for a moment on the mind of man alone— that invisible, impalpable, incomprehensible endowment. Its very name gives you the ider of universality of compre- hension ; the grand centre t adiation of sensations, per- ceptions, ideas, emotions, anu all reasoning processes ;' that great originator of all the mechanical inventions on the ^1 face of the globe ; the foundation of the hero, the politi- tician ; the instigator of all that science and art have rendered illustrious since the creation of jidam • that electric current Qf mortality, that renders the meanest beggar a respSftble being, a living moving world in him- self ;— that can, as Memory, calm the turbulent spirit by bringing it back to the happy innocence of childhood's days ; that can, as Despondency, cloud the transparent spring of hope, by stirring up the gloomy mud of futurity ' that can, as Conscience, judge and torture the body it governs ; and, as Imagination, can grasp instantaneously the power, pomp, sway, and grandeur of the entire universe. It endows man, too, with that reason which elevates him above the brute beast. As the counsellor and director of every human soul, it bears the nearest simili- tude to the Creator's omniscience of all the grand mo^l attributes with which man is engifted. It is it that reudefs him a responsible being, and diflferent from the puppet that moves according as its strings are pulled. When tho devil pulls the string of lust in the heart of the fornicator, 12 t-ionsciencc and that reason are sufficiently antagonistic to prevent that puppet movinr,^ Even in the breast of the worst character in tliis regiment, there is an invisible power that instigates him to withstand that desire, so debasing, loathsome, and corruptible, and so contrary to all laws, bot' human and diviue. But how many in this .t?attalioii have infringed those laws, allowed conscience to *be obliterated by the stains of this debasing sin ; who have rrivcn up the electric coil of their grand intellect to the fino-ers of the devil, and are this moment passing through the different stages of putridity, that may, in time, render them too foul to touch or even to approach. I need not .ro outside the confines of this citadel to give you a living histance ; some of you have seen liim ; yon all know him. The same germ of corruption that is sown in any of your bodies, like the parasitical fungus on the plant, may at any time take root in and feed on your vitals, and convert your entire system into a moving, decomposing mass of decay. It is a curious fact, too, in connection with this vile pestilence, that as God has allotted that peculiar earthly curse to the sin of lust ; so also, by causing it to attack the most conspicuous part, of man's frame, he has ordained it to be, in some measure, the safeguard of the virgin's purity, by pointing out to her, in the faded eye, in the tainted skin, in the husky throat, in the hairless head, in the overwhelming torture-wheel of rheumatism, what a pit of vice, putridity, and loathsome contagion, that previous model of perfection and purity— man— has become. h 13 nistic to it of the invisible esire, so ntrary to ly io this cience to vbo have t to the through 0, render need not a living now him. r of your ly at any [ convert mass of L this vile p earthly ttack the ordained e virgin's fe, in the head, in rhat a pit i previous 3016. Tiiat globe of couceutratcd mechanism, the human eye, placed in its little boney shield of security against a thousand injuries, that works unconsciously on its numerous axes with lightning rapidity ; that living optical instru- ment of great perfe<'tion, which connects the outer world with the inner man, which, through its diminutive pupil, can stereoscope momentarily on tlie mind a universe of objects from the minutest particle of gold dust lliJ5 parts' of an inch in diameter, to the trees incalculable that clothe the gigantic mountain, the innumerable stars that decorate (he canopy of heaven, or the countless ripples that roughen juiles of the ocean's surface, Through what a beautifully adjusted and transparent window are the numberless reflected rays of heaven's light transmitted and refracted ; by what an accurately self-acting optical diaphragm, the pupil, are those invisible conveyors of objects excluded or admitted ; through what a wonderfully self-supporting fluid-medium do they pass ; and by what a brilliant crys- talline lens arc they doubly refracted, and rendered capable of forming in the mind's eye a sense of the beauties and grandeurs of the creation. What an incalculably priceless possession of utility and beauty I Yes I But look at the destroyer of that beautiful and priceless gem. Wafted *w^ * n '>'>.-«« >-i n -Knl-vln \^a \Y\^ciTf\f\y>3 \r\ trinnlnnno onH /IrtofrnP+.l An T -V oppos< pox, d ficial c was p poison of ma decayi propar germic sadnes. source system 'f' sun, th 15 le entire of ism sacb a atainioated )8 a worth- ap. lents of the y tills self- ; tho most I its purity ould cxcito Faction, or ic, that can bcDeath its of a better hese grand acy, which ce ; which, gth of 28 )s, of fluid, il contents; wours, but lestruction, e man who the human tagious, or ■ small-pox, Irtgfrnpf.iAn f ( m* Cholera and yellow fever may rage with a eirocco'g violence for a season, and bring death and sorrow to man/ a home ; but, after that whirlwind of destruction has passed, poaceful calm succeeds, and, with the exception of the frcsh-diig grave, no traces of the destroyer remain : the localities they have visited are as pure and free from con- tamination as they were before their unexpected onslaught. In the pitted face of small-pox there is left but the ma°k ; the skin-deep erasion of beauty ;— the inner man remaina the same, pure and uudefiled : but not so with the tainted germ of syphilitic corruption. It does not, like tlie plague, with a stormy violence dismember the sturdy oak that opposes most its fury ; nor, as the autumn blast of small- pox, does it, for a season, cast an air of gloom and super- ficial decay over nature by rendering leaQess the bud that was perfected by a summer's heat ; no, but as a deadly poison, it inoculates itself into the root, stem, and branches of man ; and if it does not instantly reduce him to a decaying mass, but allows him to shed liis seed for tho propagation of future generations, every sporule of that germinating product carries with it tales of the deepest sadness and heart-rending calamity. This same ^motic source of rottenness, that in his own body renders his system tenfold more subservient to every disease under the sun, that converts the pin's-point scratch into a putrifying sore of fearful magnitude, and the simple pimple iuto a large receptacle of foul corruption ; this same yeast of immoralitj becomes tho bane of destruction to the being of purity, who by her delicioiia faacmafeian? hag WAfi^/ 16 him from the putli of vice to thut ol virtue ; who, by lier winuing wars of cffi'minacy, snppiaiits the most barbarous rudeness l)y tlic mildest gentleness ; who, as liesh of his llesh and bone of liis ))one, woukl sacrifice her sonl almost for his eternal happiness ; and who now subjects licr body of virgin chastity to him, its conscious dcfilcr, to be by him rendered a new uidu.s for the extension of this tearful pestilence ; to he impregnated by him with n being whom she nourishes in her taintod womb, and ushers into the world cither a taiMM mass of decomj)Osition or the transmitter to posterity of scrofula, (3vi], imljecility, and a ihousund other causes of degeneration of the mind and body of mm. Tliis, surely, is an awful scourge, and can and ought to be avoided. I have stood by the death-bed of many a poor fellow gasping his last under the fatal stroke of an Indian sun. I have watched the dire dysentery gradually extinguishing the vital spark of many a lingering victim. I have listened to the death-tick in the breast of many a poor skeleton of consumption's deadly grasp. I have heard the death-yells issuing from the rack of cholera frequently, not unmoved : but never, in my scd experience, have I witnessed such a fearful termination to mortal existence ^s tluit I once saw dealt by the hand of syphilis. The recollections of it are so indelibly imprinted in my memory that they will never be eradicated until my dying day. The poor subject of it was a being blessed, both in mind and ))ody, with all Ihe perfect attributes of man. He was married, and the father of r-hildren Ko hnid ||>^: disriucrnished jK>sifs(»v- f r »i III 17 0, by her arbarons sh of his il almost ects lic-r ler, to be 1 of this I a beiiicc hers into )n or tlie ty, and a iiind ami aiul can lor fellow in sun. I iguishlnf^- 3 listened ;eleton of eatli-yclls mnovcd : li such a once saw of it are rill never )ject of it 1 all Ihe he father )n i>f s(*v- ■■ »i» ^'eant-^najor of artillery, and in that capacity lie went to India to assist in suppressing the mutiny, leaving his wife and little ones under his country's protection. In that country, where he ' .-orated his breast with the medal of valour, he defded liis soul by adultery, and his body by the curse of syphilis ; and when he came under my notice in the " General Hospital " at Calcutta, in October, 1 851), he tridy presented a ma* of con/ajjious putridity too ilisgustiug to be described ; suflice it to say, the entire surface of his wretched body waea FHnning sore, and the fearful disease had eaten in nearly to the neck of his l)ladder. He was too repulsive to be approached ; and even the Mahter, the lowest grade of the most inferior Indian caste, could with difficulty bo prevailed upon to remove and barn the bedding he had befouled. Months rolled on, and in the following March I was ordered home in charge of a cargo of invalids ; but he was not amongst the number. Change of scene and climate could not benefit him : ho was left behind to die. Never shall I forget that morning when the other nests of sickness around him were being removed from the ward to be transferred to the ship that was to convey them to their native land. He watched them with a steady gaze as each sufferer from dysentery, fever, wounds, and sun-stroke, were being borne past his couch. The ship that brought his wife and children had entered the river's mouth ; he held the letter, the tmwelcomedmcssenger of the news, in his hand. With ^supplications the most heart-rending, that fleshless body .fOKought me, by nil thnt I held dcnr and sacr-d to tak-'^T 18 him with me ; and with a fearful pledge, and an oye of awful import, ho swore that self-destruotion was inevitable if he was left behind ; " preferring," as he said, " death and eternal torture 1o encountering the pure partner of his couch and his si)otless rhildrcn." I yielded to his entreaties, procured sanction for his embarkation, and witii dilTiculty got him lifted on a stretcher over the side of tlitffeliip, from which he was doomed never to depart a living man. The foulness of his body prcvcntsd him mingling with the oth(;r mas-s of disease on board : ho had to be placed in a cow-shed on the upper deck ; and there, while e^ery other poor sufferer, with an anxious f;cc p.nd n falling heart, would daily watch my lips for some slight ray of hopeful promise that they would ever live to see the fond ones of their heart and their native villages, #n his emaciated countenance alone was stamped a perfect apathy to the world around, and a fixed look of resigned termination to deliver up his immortal remains to the hands of the devil. It was a lovely morning in the month of July, as we lay becalmed off the Western Islands. The winds were hushed ; the sails were motionless ; the cloudless canopy of heaven illuminated the chrystal depths of a sea of glass, whose s:uooth surface was rippled only by the portentous fin of a solitary shark as he glided slowly in the ship's wake ; — all was calm and solitiido around ; nothing was heard but the measured tramp of tho captain as he paced the cuddy deck. The outer world seemed hushed in peaceful slumber. Bat what a violent hurricane raced in the frame of tho wretched r 19 rj» occufMut of the eow-shed a. this moment— the death- Btrogglo was being enacted. I was suddenly summoneil to the bedside of this poor victim, to see l:iin breuthc his last, and deliver up his mortal body to the grave. When that last lorig-wished-for moment of mort-ility arrived when thf; emissaries of the devil were hovering over the carcarfs they were to w vft away to eternity, that heap of clay seemed to con1 V«VT W»y\^ 20 You are all >uiin^' muii, and the ;^eijcraliiy of you fiijoy all tlie great hU'tisint^s tliat I'ollow iti tlio train of licaltl! The poison of syphilis has not yot entirely erept tiiruugli yoiu- youthful ranks. There are some of you aliogcther free; others oti' >]'j/liMy tainted. I hope the few rnnarks r have nia(i(j night will be a timely warning to those vflHi ur^ : 'U u uleiilecl, urid ;ui instructive lesson to those who iifready ]m» ilio uiavk of tlu; heust, to refrain from tills vile passion, to curb the devil's tcirtptings, una not add fuel to flie furnace, b'lt allow the many wonderful organs u{ which he Is composed to contend with the con- tagious i)ebiilun( . • h^ nourishes in his tissut ; and they may in time, perhaps, eliminate it entirely from his system, ami render up to him the health, buoyancy, and strength he previously possessed. For the confirmed fornicator, if he continues in his ways, there is no escape. Early mental and bodily infirmity will necessitate his being early dis- charged the service, pensionlcss ; then what u life of woe and misery is before him ; perhaps an outcast from his family, he cannot icturn to his home. ]lis decaying body renders him unable to earn his daily bread ; the curso of ^Oindncss may deprive him of the light of heaven, and dfe ..en the gloomy shades of remorse, poverty, starvation, and disease, that shroud his foul and emaciated body, ere it passes away from before the scenes of the temporary theatre of this life to eternity. W'N..