9. ^^0, 
 
 IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
 y 
 
 A 
 
 
 4^ 
 
 z/. 
 
 ^ 
 
 1.0 
 
 I.I 
 
 1^12.8 
 
 ■ 50 "^* 
 
 |25 
 
 12.0 
 
 m 
 
 us 
 u 
 
 ! 
 
 |l.25 ,1.4 ,,.6 
 
 . 
 
 < 
 
 6" ■ 
 
 ► 
 
 i 
 
 m 
 
 n 
 
 ^>. 
 
 V 
 
 o 
 
 7 
 
 /A 
 
 Photographic 
 
 Sciences 
 
 Corporation 
 
 \ 
 
 ^ 
 
 V 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■SS 
 
 \\ 
 
 
 ^'^^^ 
 
 C^ 
 
 33 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. M580 
 
 (716) e72-4502 
 
,.v 
 
 '* 
 
 i^^ 
 
 CIHM/ICMH 
 
 Microfiche 
 
 Series. 
 
 CIHM/ICMH 
 Collection de 
 microfiches. 
 
 Canadian institute for Historicai IVIicroreproductions / institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 
 
 \ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
Tachnical and Bibliographic Notaa/Notaa tachniquas at bibiiograpltiqui 
 
 Tha inttituta has attamptad to obtain tha baat 
 original copy av^Mabla for filming. Faaturas of this 
 copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua, 
 which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha 
 raproduction, or which may significantly changa 
 tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. 
 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 D 
 
 □ 
 
 Coiourad covars/ 
 Couvartura da coulaur 
 
 I I Covars damagad/ 
 
 Couvartura andommagAa 
 
 Covars rastorad and/or iaminatad/ 
 Couvartura rastaurAa at/ou palliculte 
 
 I I Covar titia missing/ 
 
 La titra da couvartura manqua 
 
 I I Coiourad maps/ 
 
 Cartas gtographiquas an coulaur 
 
 Coiourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or black)/ 
 Encra da coulaur (I.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) 
 
 I I Coiourad platas and/or il!u«trations/ 
 
 Planchas et/ou illustrations an coulaur 
 
 Bound with othar matarial/ 
 RallA avac d'autras documents 
 
 Tight binding may causa shadows or distortion 
 along intarior margin/ 
 
 La raliura sarr6e paut causer da I'ombra ou da la 
 distortion la long da !« marga int^riaura 
 
 Blank laavas added during restoration may 
 appear within the text. Whenever possible, these 
 have been omitted from filming/ 
 II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajoutAas 
 lore d'une restauration apparaissent dans la texte, 
 mais. lorsque cela Atait possible, ces pages n'ont 
 pas At* filmAes. 
 
 Additional comments:/ 
 Commentalres supplAmenteires; 
 
 The( 
 to th 
 
 L'Institut a microfilm^ la meilleur exemplaira 
 qu'il lui a 4tA poaaibia da aa procurer. Im dttaiis 
 da cat exemplaira qui sont paut-Atre uniques du 
 point de vue bibliographiqua, qui pauvant modifier 
 une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une 
 modification dans la mithoda normala de filmaga 
 aont indiquis ci-daaaous. 
 
 I — I Coiourad pages/ 
 
 □ 
 
 Pages de couleur 
 
 Pages damaged/ 
 Pages endommagtes 
 
 Pages restored and/oi 
 
 Pages restaur^aa et/ou peliiculAes 
 
 Pages discoloured, stained or foxe< 
 Pages dicoiortes, tacheties ou piquAes 
 
 Pages detached/ 
 Pages dAtachtes 
 
 Showthroughy 
 Transparence 
 
 Quality of prir 
 
 Qualit6 inAgala de I'lmpression 
 
 Includes supplementary matarii 
 Comprend du matAriai supplAmentaira 
 
 Only edition available/ 
 Seule Mition disponibii 
 
 I — I Pages damaged/ 
 
 I — I Pages restored and/or laminated/ 
 
 I — I Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ 
 
 |~n Pages detached/ 
 
 I I Showthrough/ 
 
 I I Quality of print varies/ 
 
 r~n Includes supplementary material/ 
 
 I — I Only edition available/ 
 
 The I 
 poss 
 of th 
 filmi 
 
 Origl 
 begii 
 the I 
 sion, 
 othe 
 first 
 sion. 
 or ill 
 
 The I 
 shall 
 TINt 
 whic 
 
 Mapi 
 diffe 
 entir 
 begii 
 right 
 requ 
 metl 
 
 Pages wholly or pb tially obscured by errata 
 slips, tissues, etc., have been ref limed to 
 ensure the best possible image/ 
 Lea pages totalement ou partiellement 
 obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata. une pelure, 
 etc., ont AtA fiimAes A nouveau de fapon A 
 obtenir la meilleure image possible. 
 
 This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ 
 
 Ce document est film* au taux de reduction indiquA ci-dessous. 
 
 10X 
 
 
 
 
 14X 
 
 
 
 
 18X 
 
 
 
 
 22X 
 
 
 
 
 26X 
 
 
 
 
 30X 
 
 
 
 L_ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 / 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 12X 
 
 16X 
 
 aox 
 
 24X 
 
 28X 
 
 32X 
 
r« 
 
 lAtailt 
 M du 
 nodifisr 
 w una 
 ilmaga 
 
 Tha copy filmad hara has baan raproducad thanks 
 to tha ganarosity of: 
 
 National Library of Canada 
 
 Tha imagas appaaring hara ara tha bast quality 
 possibia considaring the condition and lagibiiity 
 of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha 
 filming contract spacifications. 
 
 L'axamplaire filmA fut raproduit grAca A 'a 
 ginArosit* da: 
 
 BibliothAquA nationala du Canada 
 
 Las imagas suivantas ont hxh raproduites avac la 
 plus grand soin. compta tanu da la condition at 
 da la nattati da Taxamptaira film*, at en 
 conformity avac let conditions du contrat da 
 filmaga. 
 
 Original copies in printad paper covers ara filmed 
 beginning with the front cover and ending on 
 the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- 
 sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All 
 other original copies are filmed beginning on the 
 first page with a printed or illustrated impres- 
 sion, and ending on the last page with a printed 
 or illustrated impression. 
 
 Les exemplairas originaux dont la couverture en 
 papier est imprim6e sont fiimis en commen^ant 
 par la premier plat at en terminant soit par la 
 derniAre page qui comporte une empreinte 
 d'impression ou d'illustration. soit par le second 
 plat, salon la cas. Tous les autras exemplaires 
 originaux sont filmis an commenpant par la 
 premiere page qui comporte une empreinte 
 d'impression ou d'illustration at en terminant par 
 la darniAre page qui comporte une telle 
 empreinte. 
 
 The last recorded frame on each microfiche 
 shall contain tha symbol —*> (meaning "CON- 
 TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END "), 
 whichever applies. 
 
 Un dee symboles suivants apparaitra sur la 
 darniAre image de cheque microfiche, seion (e 
 cas: la symbole — ► signifie "A SUIVRE ', le 
 symbols ▼ signifie "FSN". 
 
 IV/laps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at 
 different reduction ratios. Those too large to bo 
 entirely included in one exposure ara filmed 
 beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to 
 right and top to bottom, as many frames as 
 required. The following diagrams illustrate the 
 method: 
 
 Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent 6tre 
 filmte A des taux de rMuction diffirents. 
 Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre 
 reproduit en un seul cliche, il est film6 A partir 
 de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, 
 et de haut en bas, an prenant le nombre 
 d'images nAcessaira. Las diagrammes suivants 
 illustrent la mAthode. 
 
 errata 
 ito 
 
 B pelure. 
 
 :on k 
 
 n 
 
 32X 
 
 1 2 3 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
a 3 
 
 :3:3« 
 
 C 
 
 NATIONM l!n.-.M«V 
 ( Vl N \ I) \ 
 
 Pltollll'.muNlSM JN CANADA AND TDK LNITKD STATES. 
 
 It i.-i evident that 'Kuglish politics 
 iue lie<,'iiiuiiig to l)e (Jisturhod, liko 
 lli()>»'of the I'liited States and Cimudu, 
 l>y tilt* fonuatiou of a Prohiliitionist 
 ]iaity. Tli<> i)ai'ty usually calls itself 
 that of Tenijieiarice. But tliouf,'li we 
 may wish tD Ije courteous, wo cauuot 
 coucede a uauie which not only begs 
 I lie (jui-^iioii at issue, but is a stand- 
 ing libel cii; tliose who lake their gluts of 
 wine or beer without being in any 
 latiitnal sense of the term intenqjerate. 
 Teniiu'rauce is one thing, total absti- 
 nence is another, and coercion, at which 
 these reformers aim, is a third. A s tem- 
 perance implies self-restraint, there 
 can be no temperance, in the proper 
 .sense of the term, where there is 
 
 coercion. 
 
 The "Temperance" people on this 
 side of the water are not much in- 
 clined, so far as I have come into con- 
 tact with them, to listen to anything 
 so rationalistic as the le.ssons of ex- 
 perience. They tell you that with 
 them it is a matter not of experience 
 but of principle ; that tlioir cause is 
 the cau^e of Heaven ; yours, if you 
 are an opponent, that of the darker 
 power; and they intimate, with more or 
 le.-s of gentleness and courtesy, what, 
 if you persist in getting in Heaven's 
 way, will be your deserved and in- 
 evitable doom. To those however who 
 in practical matters regard the dictates 
 of experience as principles, and who 
 wish before committing themselves to 
 a particular kind of legislation to know 
 whether it is likely to do good or harm, 
 the result of Canadian or Amei'ican ex- 
 periment may not be uninstructive. 
 
 In 1878 the Canadian Parliament 
 passed the Canada Temperance Act, 
 more commonly called the Scott A( t. 
 The purport of this Act may be de- 
 scril)ed as county and city option. It 
 enables any county or city adopting it 
 l)y a simple majority of the electors to 
 
 proliiliit the sale of any licpior within 
 the disti'ict ftn-lucal consumption under 
 ]>eualty of a line of lif ty dollars for the 
 iirst olYcJice, a humlred for the second, 
 ami two i.iontlj.;' iin]iri,N()iunent for the 
 third. \\'h()n adopted, the Act re- 
 mains in force for three years, after 
 which, upon a petition signed by one 
 fourth of the electors, it may again be 
 submitted to the vote, and if there is 
 a majority against it, repealed. 
 
 In this Province of (Ontario there 
 are forty-two counties and eleven cities. 
 Twenty-eight counties and two cities 
 adoi)ted the Act. The other day ten 
 counties (nine of them at once) repealed 
 it, and in eighteen counties and two 
 cities petitions for re[)eal either have 
 been lodged or are understood to be in 
 preparation. In Ontario the Scott 
 Act is generally regarded as dead, and 
 the advocates of prohibitive legisla- 
 tion are turning their minds to other 
 measures. This is a genuine verdici 
 of tlie people. The liijuor-trade had 
 exhausted its jwwers of opposition in 
 the early part of the contest ; in fact 
 it hardly appeared in the field without 
 doing mischief to its own cause. 
 
 The general result where the Act 
 has been tried apj)ears to have been 
 the substitution of an unlicen.sed and 
 unregulated for a licensed and regu- 
 lated trade. The demand for drink 
 remained the same, but it was supplied 
 in illicit ways. It was found by those 
 who were engaged in the campaign 
 against the Scott Act that the lowest 
 class of liquor-dealers were far from 
 zealous in their opposition to pro- 
 hibitive legislation. They foresaw 
 that the result to them would be 
 simply sale of liipior without the 
 license fee. Drunkenness, instead of 
 being diminished, appears to have in- 
 creased. A memorial signed by three 
 hundred citizens of Woodstock, in- 
 cluding nearly all the principal men 
 
 <,{ busiu'' 
 
 nobody 
 
 trade, -^ii 
 
 town ba; 
 
 '•reased » 
 
 wholly pi 
 
 whicli \V:' 
 
 mon coll 
 
 discoiira 
 
 substituti 
 
 svnv ai'l 
 
 the opL'i 
 
 which tU| 
 
 law am 
 
 continu 
 
 " from 
 
 leading 
 
 "and t 
 
 Ition pvi 
 am sat 
 illicit 1 
 that til 
 is grea 
 .^ that tb 
 \ driukii 
 the coi 
 county 
 found t 
 I Before 
 were V 
 was s( 
 Act tl 
 antl o 
 hotels 
 lowest 
 men f 
 and 
 clarat 
 failei 
 the t 
 able 
 bawl 
 that 
 the 
 spiri 
 cide 
 lawi 
 nioi 
 und 
 insi 
 the 
 ant 
 bee 
 of 
 
 ^ 
 
\r,Y 
 
 I )V\rjB 
 
 ]'r<']iiliifii)nisiii in Canada and the Unilid Statc>:. 
 
 :j:J!) 
 
 TATKs. 
 
 'lof witJiin 
 fioii undei- 
 i'l'-^ for tJit- 
 'le second, 
 ut for the 
 |e Act re- 
 k-'ii-'^, after 
 It'' I l)y one 
 '•igain Ijo 
 f there is 
 .1. 
 
 lio thei-e 
 vt'ii cities, 
 wo cities 
 f day ten 
 ) i-ejiealed 
 and two 
 Jiei- have 
 ' to be in 
 Jie Scott 
 lead, and 
 ' legisla- 
 te other 
 3 verdict 
 •ade bad 
 sition in 
 ; in fact 
 without 
 
 the Act 
 ve been 
 sed and 
 i regu- 
 drink 
 iippliofl 
 y those 
 iijmigu 
 
 lowest 
 I' from % 
 3 i>ro- 
 'I'e.saw 
 M be 
 t the 
 ?ad of 
 ve in- 
 tJiree 
 f, in- 
 men 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 )f l»^lsint■^.^ and i.ii)te.«->i()nul uien, but 
 / iiol)nily coiiuectcd with the liijuor- 
 '' trade, says: "I'liu Scott Act in this 
 town liuf^ not diminished ijuL has in- 
 crea.H'd diuiikenuess ; it has almost 
 wholly jivi-veuted the n^o of lager beer, 
 which w;i> l)e((nuing an article of com- 
 mon consumption ; it has operated to 
 discourage the use of light beverages, 
 sul)stituting thcrefori' in a large mea- 
 sure ardfut .--piiits, and it has led to 
 the opening of ni;\ny drinking-placcs 
 which dill not exi>t under the license 
 law and to the sale of liquor being 
 continued till houi's after midnight." 
 I " From my own oljservation," says a 
 ' leading physician of the same place, 
 "and the most triistworthy informa- 
 I tion ]>rivately and publicly i-eceived, 1 
 i am satislied that the most extensive 
 ' illicit tratUc prevails in Woodstock, 
 that the aljuse of intoxicating ILpiors 
 is greatly on the increase here, and 
 I that there is a lamentable increase of 
 I drinking among the younger men of 
 I the c<mimunity." At Milton, in the 
 county of Ilalton. the effects were 
 . found to be the same as at Woodstock. 
 f Before the adoption of the Act there 
 were but tive places in which liijuor 
 
 I was sold ; after tin- adoption of the 
 Act there were no fewer than sixteen, 
 and owing to the persecution of the 
 hotels the ti'alHc was thrown into the 
 lowest anil worst hands. Forty-eight 
 men of l)usiness, including the Mayor 
 and (.'hitf Constable, signed a de- 
 claration that the Act had signally 
 failed to reduce intemperance ; that 
 the trade, instead of being in respect- 
 able hands, was in those of the bottle- 
 
 ' hawkers and keepers of low dens ; 
 
 that the effect of the Act has been 
 the sul)stitution to a great extent of 
 
 i spirituous li(iuors for malt, wine, or 
 
 citler as beverages ; that drunkenness, 
 lawlessness and perjury were much 
 more prevalent than they had been 
 under license ; and that tlie Scott Act 
 instead of removing temptation from 
 the young had had the contrary effect, 
 and cases of juvenile drunkenness had 
 become -hockingly freipient. Scores 
 of petitions werr sent to Parliament 
 
 Iroiu county comicils or olln'r muni- 
 cipal bodies declaring tJie failure of 
 the Act. 
 
 Wine, beer, and cider may or mav 
 not be injurious, but at nil events 
 they are not so injurii'us as ardent 
 spirits ; they .stimulate less to criminal 
 violence, the evil against which, in 
 dealing with this subject, .ociety is 
 most foncerned to guard. A natural 
 teJidency of prohibition however, as the 
 evidence cited seems to show, is to 
 substitute ardent spirits, which, con- 
 taining a great amount of alcolml in 
 a small l)ulk, are more easily smuggled, 
 for the lighter drinks of which the 
 bulk is greater. It is well that the 
 attention of philanthropy, of practical 
 philanthropy at least, should be speci- 
 ally called to this point. Not only 
 does Prohibition ai)peai' practically to 
 encourage the use of ardent spirits ; 
 the spirits which it encourages, being 
 sold l)y the lowest dealers, are apt 
 to be of the most pernicious kind : 
 .sometimes they are literally poi.son. 
 
 It is true that where Prohibition 
 prevails the licpior-shop no longer 
 invites the passer-by with open doors. 
 l)Ut the illicit licjuor-seller is probably 
 more active than the licensed publican 
 in thrusting his temptation upon those 
 who are most likely to yield to it, 
 especially on the young. A chmdes- 
 tine drinker is sure to be a deep 
 drinker. He is sure to drink, not 
 with his meals, but in the specially 
 pernicious form of drams, lie is sure 
 to drink in bad company. He is sure 
 also to contract sneaking habits, and 
 to lose respect for himself as well as 
 respect for the law. 
 
 Witness after witness testifies to 
 the prevalence of perjury in liipior- 
 ca.ses, and this evidence is supported 
 by th.at of judges and magistrates in 
 the United States and l-jigland. The 
 people were morally dragooned by a 
 powerful orgnnization and strong eccle- 
 siastical induence into voting for the 
 Act. The pulpit of the Methodist 
 Church, which is very powerful in 
 Canada and has thoroughly identiBed 
 itself with Prohibition, thundered in 
 
 z 2 
 
34-0 
 
 Prohibit ionium in, Canada and the United States. 
 
 \ 
 
 favour of tlie measuro, and the iSIotho- 
 (li'^t farmers obeyed. I>ut no pnlpit- 
 tl.indor will uiako tlio people in tlieir 
 hearts believe that to drink or sell a 
 ;.'lnss of beer is re.illy erinn'nal or 
 -support the execution oi" the law as 
 if they did. Arehdeaeon Farrar hiin- 
 stif, in his eoiitroversy Avitli llnron 
 I'iraiuwell, reniidiates as nnchiiritalilo 
 and absurd the doctrine that there is 
 anything n)orally wrong in the use of 
 fermented li((Uf)r. Ii(* says that he 
 bus iievei' jireiu'lied abstinence as a 
 matter of duty, even to conlirmation 
 classes or to national schools. lie 
 admits that modei-ate drinking is a 
 perfectly lawful enjoyment, and tluit 
 )iiultitudes of men imbdge in it who 
 .•ire wiser and better than ho is him- 
 Kdf. Agreeing at heart with this, the 
 ])eople, though they have voted as 
 Tlieir preacher bade them, cannot 
 bring themselves to take part in ruin- 
 ing a neighbour, sending him to gaol, 
 .and perhaps making his wife .and 
 ( liildren destitute, for that which in 
 their conscience they do not reg.ard as 
 ciiminal. They refuse to back the 
 ministers of the law. W}ii>n foiced 
 to givt> evidence they prevaricate and 
 too often connnit what, is morally per- 
 jury. The " r>ruce Herald" declared 
 that the Act in that county, though 
 nomitially in force, was "dead as 
 .lulius Ca'^ar", .adding that the idea 
 that tli(^ liiw would be sustaine(l by 
 j.overence for authoi'ity soon vanished, 
 .and that prosecutions failed from the 
 unwillingness of witnesses to give 
 evidence against the hotel-keepers 
 who had pul)lic sympathy on their 
 side, the jieople feeling that the Act 
 sought to destroy a business and to 
 confiscate property erected under the 
 siinction of previous law. Have we 
 not in the history of the poaching 
 l>red by tyrainiical game-laws and 
 the smuggling bred by excessive cus- 
 toms-duties, abundant proof of the 
 danger of putting the moral sense of 
 the people at variance with the lawl 
 To break the law is always wiong, 
 but it is also wrong to ni.ako laws 
 which, as they are unsupported by 
 
 any moral obligation, the people are 
 sure to break. 
 
 The testimony borne liy municipal 
 coiuicils in all parts «)f < )ntario to the 
 fact that there has been an increase of 
 drunkenness under the Act is not in 
 validated by the decrease, in some 
 counties, of the number of arrests for 
 that otTence. Tnder tiie prohibitive 
 system the lifpior seller, his trade being 
 illicit, i.-. afjaid to call, as the licensed 
 tavern-keeper does, for the inter- 
 vention of the police. ^\(}: does his 
 bi'st to conceal the di'unkard whose 
 detection would be the betr.ayal of his 
 own !)reach of the law. 
 
 The rrohibitionists themselves 
 hardly show contideuce in their own 
 moral code. They never jnopose to 
 punish a man foi" drinki'ig a glass of 
 ale, though the drinking and tlie sell- 
 ing being parts of the same transac- 
 tion, both must be criminal or neither. 
 Nor do they, with us jit least, venture 
 to propose that the manufacture of 
 liquor shall be made a crime. They 
 conlino themselves to harassing the 
 retail trade, as though, so long as the 
 drink was made, it could fail to find 
 its way through some channel to 
 thirsty lips. 
 
 In the Province of Quebec the Act 
 has been adopted only by six counties, 
 of which two have now repealed it. 
 In the French province this question, 
 like all other public ([uesticnis, is apt 
 to become one of race. In the mari- 
 time provinces the Act has been ex- 
 tensively adopted, and up to this time 
 there has been no repeal. But the 
 organized pul)lic opposition, independ- 
 ent of the lif[uor-interest which in 
 Ontario arrested the progress of the 
 Act and has now turned back the tide, 
 has hitherto been wanting in the mari- 
 time provinces. The people of those 
 provinces, moreover, to judge from their 
 behaviour in the ))olitical sphere, are 
 peculiarly submissive to pr(>ssure of 
 the sort which the I'l'ohibitionist 
 party and the ch-rgy who support it 
 bring to bear. Ihit the Act, though 
 not lejiealed, is described as practically 
 a dead letter by provincial journals 
 
 vr\iii\« till 
 jn-count. 
 I was ul 
 
 inipo>'''l i| 
 under pre* 
 is l>rohibi] 
 
 givivig p»j 
 IJeutenaij 
 
 on ^vbut 
 si\.le avitj 
 aisustvovij 
 
 get li'l^'l 
 the only I 
 
 sningy;li'j| 
 and dete 
 
 .juality, 
 IndemuV 
 coutraba 
 vacter a 
 will iue 
 more ca 
 '.he qvu' 
 tlie >ys 
 eontvab 
 lighter 
 J I re easi 
 
 r,.'si' 
 
 perjuv) 
 
 with il 
 
 or l'«J 
 niunit; 
 
 spies 
 
 been 
 
 uecest 
 
 Dickk 
 
 in hi; 
 
 their 
 
 priso 
 
 wbic 
 
 wevi 
 
 Stat 
 
 criu 
 
 Vor 
 
 i\es 
 
 to : 
 
 to 
 
 pei 
 
 is 
 
 til 
 
 tV 
 
 \v 
 
Vf^oph 
 
 rrohihUio)iU)ii ill Caiuula and the Unitid States. 
 
 'sn 
 
 are 
 
 |v miinicipaJ 
 
 [tavio to tho 
 
 inrre.'isp of 
 
 '^ ';< not fn- 
 
 iP. in soiiif. 
 
 •"■'•e.st.s for 
 
 I"'f>liihitive 
 
 X'inff 
 
 til 
 
 •fpnsed 
 
 '10 inter- 
 f^ fioes hi.s 
 
 ^■'■i'"<l wJiose 
 f'\val of ]„•,, 
 
 "ipi'r own 
 xopnse to 
 •■1 Arl.'iss of 
 'I the seJI- 
 f transac- 
 or neitJier. 
 ^> venture 
 Picture of 
 'e. TJiry 
 •^.sing tJie 
 >ng: as the 
 il to h'nrj 
 ■T'Uuel (o 
 
 ' ^he Act 
 f^onntips, 
 oaJed it. 
 I'lestion, 
 *» is apt 
 »e inaii- 
 »een ex- 
 lis time 
 !iit tho 
 '<'peii(I- 
 tioh in 
 of the 
 •e fide. 
 ? mari- 
 those 
 1 thoir 
 'f, are 
 IP of 
 
 ion is t 
 n-t it 
 
 onirh 
 c-ally 
 
 ■nals 
 
 I 
 
 which call for its r('[H'al on that 
 account. 
 
 1 was mysoU' tlie other day in our 
 N( nth-West Territories, where the law 
 iiuiHised hy the central (iovernuient 
 uutler pressure of the t«'niperance vote 
 is Prohibition (pjalilicd l»y a power of 
 ^ivin^' permits, which is vested in the 
 J^ieutenant-< iovernor, 1 was assured, 
 on what appeared to hi' the best pos- 
 sil)le authority, that the law was a 
 disastrous failure, that anybody could 
 get liipior who wanted it, and that 
 till' only fruits of the system were 
 suiuirgliug, perjury, secret drinkin;,', 
 and tleterioiation of the liipior. The 
 liquor is sure to be of the worst 
 (piality, because the dealer will thus 
 indeujuify himself for the risks of a 
 contraband trade, while iiis own cha- 
 racter and that of ids drinkin<T-phu'e 
 will inevitably be low. 1 would once 
 mori' call attention to this feature of 
 he (juestion, and to the tt'iidency of 
 the system which makes tho trade 
 contral)and to the displacement of the 
 lighter drinks by anient s})irits which 
 are easily .smuggled. 
 
 I'li'sides conti'm[)t of tho law and 
 perjury the country has been tilled 
 with ill blood. Nothing is more odious 
 or poisons the heart of the com- 
 munity more than the employment of 
 spies and informers, to which it has 
 been neces.sary and will always be 
 necessary for Prohibitionism to re.sort. 
 Dickens holds up the mirror to nature 
 in his description of the Claypoles and 
 theii- trade. ]\len who have been im- 
 [)risoned and ruined for plying a trade 
 which, as only the other day they 
 were holding licenses for it from the 
 iState, they can hardly feel to be 
 criminal, are naturally not grateful 
 for such treatment. Their vindictive- 
 ness and hatred of the spies has led 
 to .several outrages and once or twice 
 to the use of dynamite. 
 
 To force the .sentiment of the 
 people into accordance with the law 
 i.s the more dillicult, sinci; all the 
 time their Church is holding up for 
 their imitation a model of character 
 which is not "temperate" in the Pro- 
 
 hibitionist sense of that tei'm. In 
 commenting on the miracle at < 'ana. 
 Archdeacon Kaiiar contrasts th<' 
 " genial innoci'iici' of Christ's system " 
 with the "crushing asceticism of rival 
 systtuns ". Hy w;iy of reconciling this 
 di.screi»aiicy desperate ell'orts are made 
 to uphold the astonishing theory that 
 the (liiius of tlu^ (lospel was not fer- 
 mented wine but syrup. The ruler of 
 the feast at ('ana, it seems, expressed 
 his surpri.-^e tiiat the best syrup had 
 not been produced till the guests had 
 well druidv : t lie accusers of Christ in 
 calling Him a winebibl)er meant only 
 that lie was a syrup-drinker: it was 
 on syrup that the Corinthians got 
 drunk at the celebiation of the Lord's 
 Sui)[)er : Paul advi.sed his fiieiui to 
 take a little syrup for his stomach's 
 sake ; and the same Apostle enjoined 
 the Chundi in electing deacons not to 
 choose those who were given to excess 
 in .syruji ! To such j)alti'ring with 
 what every one educated enough to be 
 a clergyman must know to be the 
 truth, we rather prefer the preacher 
 who said boldly that if Christ were 
 again to come on earth and persisted 
 iu celebrating the Kuchaiist with 
 wine He would have to be excluded 
 from I [is own Church. To drag the 
 Gos[)el into this di.sv-ussion on the Pro- 
 hibitionist side is hopele.ss. There is 
 no more of fan.aticism than there is of 
 formalism in that vohune. When St. 
 Paul bids us not drink wine if thereby 
 our brother is made to stumble, he 
 couples eating meat with drinking 
 wine, shewing that in his opinion both 
 in themselves are innocent. The 
 Cospel bids us have regard to the 
 weakness of our brother ; but it does 
 not bid our brother be weak or us to 
 countenance his weakness by unjust 
 and unwise legislation. 
 
 The effect even of less violent and 
 hazardous measui'es of coercion in 
 ( "anada aj)pears to have been pretty 
 much the same. The supporters of 
 the Scott Act have not ventured to 
 put it to the vote in Toronto, but 
 linding themselves powerful in the 
 City Council they proceeded to wage a 
 
.'U2 
 
 " "^ '^inadu and th, 
 
 Atoll U^:K^^'''''-'^'-tav.n.s 
 
 ;f itrno^,,j;^; ;--■-•;'. I;ut this 
 the tavorn-keet ers V "''''^ '"'" 
 
 :"'^ that the <uvc ' ' *■' '^"'''''^ 
 «'arveifth?w.o "'••'r^" """'^ "'" 
 
 Wlrr than I, v^ !'''\'"''l 'uliicncf, 
 '''•'«'<i"K lia.l L;;i' ^"■^"'"•■»''ou that 
 
 >y-me<.ountir: ,lf,:;';^,-'''l'-.I 
 
 ^^oralpercr.pti-H.sof 1?: -^ ''".'•■■^^'''' 
 counties (hat ,Ii<I .. , ^ I'^"P'« 1" the 
 
 code were in, ,. / "^ ^ '■^•l"''itioni..t 
 Comnmndrnt '^'''■^'^'^'''•''-'*-'^'^■^'^i' 
 t^veenallthonrts 'r';-''r'^'^'" '^« 
 
 -•ery Unadi.;;' J;;; i;':'^-^. and 
 couutry will he ant in "" "'""> 
 
 i"s return. I.i e,.. hf. 1 '''■^'''' ">'' 
 
 Horner to i)ick^ ^t' dr'TT^' ^■^■"^' 
 wew. ^^ ^"" "f tlif. other 
 
 P^riment ].as been ;. i'"'''"' ^^^'' ^^^- 
 ^itl. those of coer. T'"' ^° ^'''''y 
 
 ^f Prohibition. J ,„ '^' »'^^^i-«tate " 
 t>ie system for tlnl- Z' '' ^'■>''°- 
 time enough to ki f J r'"^°'^ ^^''-''^ 
 if the Jiquor-tratH. . ^''^''"•■-<''-'^<«^". 
 
 know it well, said int'^v;"^^^ 
 
 • -^i'e actual result 
 
 i'ni/'J ^'i,ff^^^^ 
 
 is that Ji.juor is s,,l,] ,,. n , 
 <1h" .State •„;■"■•■ ^'^■'■•■>' "'^^■" 
 
 Kilt. I ,1 (|| C*.!,,,.,,, , »• , I , 
 
 — to have luti: :t^ ,' ;*: ; 
 
 past six years the citvo P /' 
 
 l"'""ticalveniovedtn: ''•"'K'"- l"' 
 
 ""*' "o att,.„int 1 ,''•""■ ^'"^^"i 
 
 -'f-'- the l2' nir'/"'"'^' ^ 
 -^"A,'<..st:.. and oth.r i ' '"■''^"'' 
 
 I "i^iit>r ^,, (.jj^, (Invest 
 
 ;""' '^"""^' . :, . e;::;r ',,1'" '■'■"■^■; 
 
 te^timonv\;' r '^'r'''^^'''''^'^'''«'^l 
 
 ^'- •-' 1- ::es^;;;',f:i\ 7-- --ugh 
 
 < ''niiot .r,,t \\ f I'l.K'es, b,it vou 
 
 ^,^^^_.^t^a It for .ood purposes in .ood 
 
 . t.ail J/annPon adds, ''is 
 
 3-- of PrSJbHontt^r''"^' 
 'einporance stif.. \ . '"'"''^ '"^ 
 
 ret.il K ^"^''t^'f*' pay Ignited States 
 i u' r r ;^' ^^-'^^'^ Arehdea^ 
 ^■•••' boen U; 7"'T^ ^!-t the trade 
 
 i'^t'sais'^l:;'"'^"^"" ''^r-^tfor 
 
 ^;ty of Portlan.l ( i /?< L: • ^'J ^i'^ 
 tJ'e arrest. f,„.,],'V •'^'""^.' m ]«7-l 
 ]'Mf V "'I'lmkonjiess were •» Sl>i 
 
 *'Ut drunkennptisi*. ,, * "t-it, _,c*l^. 
 
 ^itie.. J^-e'v * """^^'^'^''^^J to the 
 ^'O'^'ties furnihe"' -f '^'^ ■^'-^*^^" 
 ''un.l.or of e;nn^^^■ ^T'^" ^he 
 ^<-on, uvr^sf^;:^^'^""'^-"°ess 
 
 of f;i8/)()0 whL • : °'"'''P''^^"'»tion 
 
 ^-vn population afla < e'TtInT •' 
 
 ,^^•■^100, showed onlv "i r • ''* ''^ 
 
 ^^•^>^ than h',]f +1 ' ;' ^ou"'»tta]s, 
 
 half the number of those in 
 
 Uio raoi 
 ml Nei 
 
 politicM 
 oau<e, ( 
 driiikii 
 •i Mai 
 Bepteii 
 tion < 
 gponde 
 
 ftitod 
 
 in his 
 
 visitor 
 
 World 
 
 reeling 
 
 than i 
 
 !Maine 
 
 n\era,t 
 
 bad ai 
 
 the li 
 
 peace 
 
 obtaii 
 
 of tlu 
 
 fancy 
 
 and !■ 
 
 place? 
 
'^'^'(fic<. 
 
 J'rohihUi'iiiisin in Can<nla (ind thi I'nifnl ,S'^'^ >. 
 
 :{4:! 
 
 •1' 
 
 'JlCt 
 
 IJI 
 
 Uif-'^t 
 
 i;i>t 
 
 lU 
 
 ^Uliiiiioi. 
 
 ^ "'"lost uriirei-saj 
 •*' '"I'lor enough 
 ' I'''^''*'N 'iiit voii 
 
 'I'/^^'Tiraiiist Pro- 
 
 P"'.'"" adds ''is 
 
 "^ '"■"^'- of the 
 
 .11 
 
 iii.inv 
 
 ""^'' t'> .tIJ u],o H-i.tl'"' iii'xlel >tatec)f I'roliibition. <J.'iif'- 
 • •ii/y e\cj-y f,nyQ nil Ni'.il l>i)\v liiui-<'lt', upbiaiilin^ his 
 "•t'lijf.tjt <,/■ fiif. J political party tor it> .shickricss in thf 
 f'<' e/Tcif, |.',jj. jjOBiise, eoiii|iliiiiis of the nuiuber of h>w 
 V'^^' "i' li.'iiii^'oj. ],, drinking iil;ici's which infest the cities 
 
 '''*'" '"'li. ill nioi •* •^''i"'t'- 'I'l't' N''^v Vork "Sun" of 
 f''af(.,s Ji.jii,,,. j,^ ^^^j 6i'|.tfcinl»er 'Jth lust, aftt;r investiga- 
 '■'■^ lie. I, uimif, i ti"" t'lvrri* tl on tlirough its corre- 
 
 ' '''"h, /..'\visto), "l"""'*'"'^' '^''''''' " 'li'' actual •<tiito of 
 (itit'.s )j,, ,,j,,^ att.iirs in -Maine i.^ perfectly well under 
 '' ^" I'lixiij'in •t""«l *•>■ <'Very Maine man with eyes 
 fifoicijietj^ r, ^" ''•'* head, and by every observant 
 ^'■fiilly .itttni/ited ^'"i''*'' to Maine, in no part of the 
 '"'ii i.-,h»',s i'or 0,1 woild i> the spectacle of drunken men 
 t" tile J,,^^.pJ,^ reeling,' alonj; the streets more common 
 than iji tlic cities and larger towns of 
 !Maine. Nowliere in the world is the 
 n\erage (juality of the li(pior sold so 
 bad and consetpiently so dangerous to 
 the health of the consumer and the 
 peace of the [niblic. 'J'he facilities for 
 obtaining liq i()r vary in different parts 
 of tlu' state from the cities where 
 fancy-drinks arc openly compounded 
 and solil ovei' rosewood bars to the 
 places where it is dispensed by the 
 swag from Hat bottles carried around 
 in the bneches jioi-kets of perambulat- 
 ing dealers. l>;it licpior, good or bad, 
 can be bought anywhere". Perjury, 
 the ''.Sun'" corre>[)onilent also states, 
 as usual, i.s rife. Nor does Maine fuliil 
 the golden promises held out by Pro- 
 ]iil>ition of immunity from crime and 
 increa.se of prosperity. Though the 
 population of the state has Ijeou 
 stationary, the statistics of crime have 
 incre.ist'd. In l!S7.) the number of 
 committals to gard was 1,.548 : in ISS [ 
 it was ;l,(>7-. The pauper rate in the 
 cities is Jargei- than in those of any 
 of her state. 
 
 Vermont has al.so been trying Pi-o- 
 hil)iti(m for more than thirty years. 
 Ileie the city population is compara- 
 tivelv small, so tliat the svstem lias 
 the taii-est chance; while the legisla- 
 tuie. under the pressure of the "Tem- 
 perance \'ote ", has piled one repressive 
 enactment upon another, heaped uji 
 penalties, and at last given the police 
 power to enter any house without a 
 wanant in search of liquor. The i-e 
 suit is reported by Mr. Edward John- 
 
 It 
 
 a 
 
 lefoi-e 
 
 ap- 
 
 ,;^''f"ce luen, tlu 
 'f-'te after thirty 
 J;'^ no more a 
 II It wa,. 
 inced ". 
 
 "' /ive Iiundre,] 
 ' ,^'"'ted state.s 
 ^'^ Archdeacon 
 '^'"ifc the trade 
 ^'■'\>'n out of 
 "" ''^roit foi 
 ^ ?'^ on the iu- 
 ^<^'"ii must be 
 '*^^'- In lua 
 tion 
 
 any 
 Moes not 
 
 ii " I 
 
 " • /n the 
 .""^'; iiiJ87-i 
 5.swereL',3]8. 
 "'•ned to the 
 t^'e .sixteen 
 inf>ta. Th^ 
 
 ai'unkennes.s 
 ^'' P^'piiiatioTi 
 '''»• an area 
 - >Scott Act, 
 ^'('^' and a 
 ^^ that in 
 'Oniinittal.s, 
 >f those in 
 
 son in tijo " I'opul.ir Science M )nthly " 
 for May, \f<f<^ lie states tint "for 
 all practical pin-jioses the 1 iw is an 
 absolute dead lett»>r". rii-ne were at 
 the tim(( of his wiiting in the state 
 four hundred and fortv six pi ices 
 wlutre li(jiior was sold, and thoui:li the 
 population is well-nigh stationary there 
 was a mai'ked increa--e in tlicir num- 
 ber. " A large proport ion of the dram- 
 shops are on the principal streets, and 
 there is no concealment of the iileg.il 
 tratlie. Spasmodic attem))t> ti>i'nf<)rce 
 the law iire made in thr larger places, 
 but are utterly futile. < 'f enftticing 
 the law, as the laws again>t burglary 
 and larceny are enforced. nol)ody 
 dreams for a moment ". '• Such ", says 
 Mr. dohnson, " is the unsatisfactory 
 i-esult of Vermont's thirty years' ex- 
 perience of the Prohibitory liquor 
 laws". " (.)ne might ". he adds, "g" 
 still further and speak of the perjury 
 and subornation of perjury for which 
 the law is in a sense responsible, of 
 the disregard and contempt of all law 
 wliich the operation of this law tend- 
 to foster and eticour.ige, and of cognate 
 matters which will occur to the re 
 llective reader ; but perhaps enough 
 has been .said in showing the failure 
 of the law to accomplish the object for 
 which it was enacted '. No attempt, 
 so far as we know, has been uiaile to 
 controvert ^Ir. Johnson's NUiteiuents. 
 or to refute the conclusion wiiich he 
 draws from thein, and which is that 
 men cannot be dragooned into virtue. 
 That is not by State interference with 
 practices not in themselves criminal, 
 but only by State interference with 
 positive crime. 
 
 Mas.sachusetts also for a series of 
 year.s tried Prohibitio i. The result is 
 embodied in the report of a jc>int com 
 mittee of both Houses of the Legisla- 
 ture (I8t)7), which ought to lie in the 
 hands of all those who wi-ii to be 
 guided l)y exiierience in lliis matter. 
 That report, founded on the best 
 evidence, states that the hr.\ . if by its 
 o{)eration it diminishes the number of 
 open places of drinking, does so only 
 to multiply the secret places, that more 
 
:uh 
 
 
 ''"'I"""' and vvnrsn i; . 
 '""•■^' '•'^'•' thai (Je ,,:^:"V"''' "*''« 
 
 '•""tn.l of ^uluoj' ^'-'^^-^ 't uu.I.r the 
 
 '■"^ '-t demand fo,^f'""''---^'^'i'ero 
 
 I.oli,.y. « '^'^^^^ ^'•^'^••lom us th.. h,,«t 
 
 Ju Iowa O'-'ain Pn^i -i -, • 
 "» its trial '^^"'"tion has l.oen 
 
 thoro.,^hJy trust/or'ti ■"■ k'"""!^'-' ^^ 
 it.scU very caivfnl J , . ^ " J«"'iJaI 
 l-tedthit,vi};,^,;^;^';--nt..e- 
 
 Jowa, Mount tVee linuT a ^'^ *"'^^''^"f 
 y"t of the \eu- Vox '< v3 '^«/;''«'^i'0'ni- 
 <«'""ch the sunn V ? "> ^""■'^''■^'^^^ 
 t''« local organ of r'-?^'^'''^ ^'"^^ 
 
 the Cato of diVti^f . • , ^'^ Lewis^, 
 ^-^^'-^1 at .eve f;;r;i ^l"'^ ^- ^-J 
 
 ""^tourtotheKockvA ^'''■' "'^'^^ 
 •Y^ong other thinlrif.^ ""'•""•''' ''^"^^ 
 ;''e practical bo e'Jifcs r '"y''"'"'^ "^^^ 
 i^ibition. Iii ,X?; 'P*'^ ^^"^"^ Pio- 
 
 assured tha drfnk conl?"' ^'' ^'''^ '>««" 
 WeornaoneyTeCui""'^ 
 ^■f Ji«g in thJ.t'.eet T f"""^'"^-d« 
 where Prohihif,- ^" Iowa citv 
 
 -^forced ttrfS "'^^^'^^^ ^^^ '« 
 a hundred ke'rof ^^•^^;^«ty-five to 
 
 tn^-ksfromXtrr^^'^^'^-^on 
 
 conclusion was tl>of /* . m .'^'' Practical 
 
 wild theory . h^ ^^-olnbition was a 
 
 y' *^^t as a preventative 
 
 t-np,..ancowasafaihro'' |;:k'''"'*-''^'"' 
 \''";tatoof (.•ov,.rno. %; ,','''"• ^ttp'-u't 
 
 ''^"«^ «f 'Vohibf,io,,.r\:. "'''"• 'i"*^-'"'" 
 "iost stringent IV, W?-' ,''"'"" ' tb.« »^i» 
 -•"^etod. tt OS d ;'/'"';• ""^ ^"I^'-"»' 
 
 w<'ro little more than •''."^'■^to, ttan a 
 
 ;'-t thoir nnmbe:"r":'''''^'"*'t««-t'- 
 '" one town of fo„,. ,, "•'^tomshin.j^.o.te 
 
 ''^■^r--'fthemw:^':;;:;;^ 
 
 """•» street. ">i,n(od on tl, ,;^,;ad 
 
 Jt seems that oYr)..i..-«n« i . mim.'n 
 r-i"tod (hosan.oX ,rr, "•;"'^''^> ^■1-'- 
 
 "^" -bich e^^d:n /i:^; '''^' /'-. ^'ff- i;y 
 
 'weepers who at last wn. / **'''^'" «"'> ^^ 
 "''f'^'topayJ::;^;^^^^^^^ of mo 
 
 bad to losort tf. ih. • ^ •■i''iHmen! a\\ of 
 
 '^'ho failure is f|„. 
 
 ''^■'•^••«o the Kvec i,^'"'^ ^'S^itlcaui 
 '^"^1 was sure to I "^'1' '" ■^''■°"^'' 
 
 -«e by the i'.r ;, " ^^J.^^^-^ i" th^ 
 
 biive made b-i.I V." '^''•' ^°"'"1 t<. 
 
 ^•epealed. Et' ^ ^ "i?' If ^ hud to bo 
 cut, where the "2 ""''"l" ^''^»°««ti. 
 ^•••^1 authority ^T ^^ ecclesiusti 
 ^'^■«ton-un tells nl Lt T^^""'^' tho 
 e-^c't'ss in drink n.. O.J • ''"'*^** "^^'O^t 
 'Attempted with % ^^' '" '^^'P^"'^' ^^^re 
 ■success." IwL ' ""•"■^' ^^-^"t of 
 «'• time to Inve ;T^^'^^-^ i/^ «o place 
 eauso. "^^ Posi)ered its own 
 
 'I'('« <litlic,dty of evo, i- . 
 vaccination in nial i enforcing 
 
 -•dely resisted, ^Ts f"^ j* ^ 
 
 a task is coorni T . '''^^ '"'duoUS 
 
 ^' i« ^'ot backed L'^^^^^"°^ ^^^-'^ 
 tion, which, if it i7: ^7"^'"' c«nvic- 
 Pi'iuciplo w II »;, ^'^^^"»' o^ the 
 
 out coercive Lr"'' '^' ''^'^'^ ^'^tb 
 
 -- mtii^^tflhl^.^^-^-. a 
 P--ce, ooni:ted' vith'tf P,''^"- 
 Jemperunce hoeiofv "" ^^^"^'^b 
 
 [•bickering Hall !7V ""^t ^'^'^ ^t 
 ^'••^" was full to ov. .fl "^ ^°'^- The 
 -ere made by mV\T' ' '^'"''''^ 
 ^^e^- Dr. Greer H 7. '""''"■ filler, 
 
 ^-^etJi Low, and Father 
 
IStntcs. 
 
 \ 
 
 tho 
 
 J'rohililtlonUin in C'nuailti and the United tSluten. 
 
 'M: 
 
 I i'nil 
 
 niil t 
 
 IIIJIS of it 
 
 tho 
 
 S M 
 
 )»»l>orno. Tho nenso 
 
 tl 
 
 10 int'etiiif^ as two. In Kn;,'liiii(l liki-wise the 
 
 tJl'O ' 
 
 ill K 
 
 r'Tuoi- St I I 
 
 h''f»n 
 
 ri""**"A'a> «'\ itUnitly ill fiivoiir of hi^h license, evil lial)it of drinking' hus hecii ^'leiitly 
 li imictinillytlie l)eKl safe;,Muirtl against retluced without any lestrietivo hiw.- 
 
 uri> 
 
 ioliil 
 |W(. 
 
 i'<in. 
 
 ul 
 
 "f'"" had I 
 
 "• 'intein|peraii(t'. I >r. <Ji'eer tlwelt on of rest mint of any kinil, mainly Ity 
 tbe tailuie (if l'rohil>ilion in lUiode thu increasing influence uf nieilicaj 
 
 H'l-O ( 
 
 ,'?"'"'''"A,' to i 
 
 ''■'t the ,i 
 
 |tJi/iii 
 |f'r \v 
 
 leic 
 
 Ml''. 
 
 '' 'Ifliiiiil, (leclaiin<; thai " tlio state was science, and in connection with the 
 not less wicked as a I'lohihition state general |>ro«;re. •; of |»hy.->iol()gical re- 
 
 'iini 
 
 is 
 
 as(, 
 
 *hoj; 
 
 '»".san,i 
 
 CO 
 
 "lilted ou t[ 
 
 ■''^"1 than as a low-license state ; that the form. It should be oliscived that 
 
 1' tadio to which leputaiile citizens voluntary etVort will he weakened jjy 
 
 ''. re-.ii t( il to evade the law created a coercive legislation. I'rohiiiition it' 
 
 i't-'"])!. gjiiiil ,,f lawlessness; and that, with universally enforced would lireak up 
 
 lUsil 
 
 f /»('!•]>, 
 
 rtgard to the City of Providence, teetotal fraternities and Hands of 
 
 numerous clubs had sprung up there, Hope; ; and unless it was itself sue 
 
 '^'^•^ will If the citizens coidd driidc their cessful in txtirpating tlu^ tlesire for 
 
 •'"''lies of / '^'^^^^ ^ fill . I ml l)e sheltered from pul)licity or drink, that de.>iie might any day 
 
 "f" has III 
 
 'y-, ^n./ej-j, 
 
 Wit 
 
 .''(•''''■'^A'. the effei 
 "••IS oniv to 
 
 arre-t. 
 
 r>y \<>luntary associations, such as 
 
 of J Tope, 
 ,'anco 
 
 ''ity of the i "'*"'' Teitotalism and the Mands ot U 
 t Were f->. '^^'^iii and still more hy the general advi 
 
 hreak out again on a large scale, and 
 tind no organization on foot to resist 
 its sway. 
 
 I'.eforo the l>ritish Parliament con- 
 
 "\ f'-'it J'arJ,-, 
 
 to h( of iiioiiility, of inttdligence, and above sents to «'xtreme legislation let it at 
 
 '^n^' a.s a 
 
 iijient 
 /'•'imity 
 
 "lore stir 
 
 . ^''IP^^'^i in 
 '"••'i.unent. 
 
 sUi/icanf 
 
 thl 
 Th 
 
 ^^Hs found to 
 
 , ''^'';.» ^'onnectf. 
 '! "^ ^eciesiasti 
 
 "•^"••^i want ol 
 ''"'' in no plaee 
 
 all of medical .science, great improv»f- 
 meiit has been made in Canada as it 
 has elsewhere. Old inhabitants ell 
 you tliat forty or lifty years ago 
 drunkenness was very common among 
 our fanners, and that many of them 
 
 all events appoint a commission of 
 inijuiry to report to it on the results 
 of prohibitory legislation in Canada 
 and the l-'nited States. Tlie commis- 
 sioners, if 1 mistake not, will lind 
 that impartial opinion on i!iis conti- 
 
 worse for licjuor. Now tho Canadian 
 fainieis aie a very sol)er race. There 
 is a certain amount of drunkenness as 
 well as of other vices in our cities, 
 but a large ju'oportion of tho cases 
 
 own 
 
 '^t>h enfor 
 where 
 how 
 
 cmg 
 It is 
 
 „•,, ^. -""duou.s 
 i^^iufcion when 
 >pu]ur • 
 
 regularly went home from market tho nent pronounces Prohil)ition a failure, 
 
 and inclines decidedly in favour of the 
 plan of high licences with stringent 
 I'egulation. That stringent and excep- 
 tional legislation is retpiired for tho 
 lifiuor-tralHc nobody doubts. Nor do 
 
 are those of immigrants and, to put the respectable members of the trade 
 
 the matter delicately, must l)e set 
 
 down to the account of English 
 
 tyranny in Jreland, which causes the 
 
 sous of Krin to occupy so distinguished 
 
 a place in the criminal statistics of 
 
 this continent. I should say, judg- 
 ing from outward appearances, that 
 
 convic- 
 
 ^'^^oui- of ti,e 
 »e eifect wjth- 
 
 ^'oveniber, a 
 J!^ of Tem- 
 *'^e CJiurch 
 ■t ^'eld at 
 york. Tj,e 
 S; speeches 
 '^ei' Miller 
 'P of Bela- 
 ^^ Father 
 
 deprecate it : for notliing can be less 
 conducive to their interest than drunk- 
 enness and disorder on their premises. 
 Jt is quite possil)le that a stricter code 
 may be neces.sary in J'higland than is 
 necessary here. AVe have nothing, 
 thank Heaven, on this side of the 
 Tcn-onto compared with other cities water like the gin-palaces of London, 
 in which 1 have lived is sober as well A license fee as high as a thousand 
 
 as orderly. It has indeed been pro- dollars (iMlO/.) is being propo.sed, and 
 claimed from the Prohibition platform the prospect of revenue is tempting to 
 that there are seven, or even ten the municipalities. But if the system 
 
 thousand deaths from drinking in this 
 country every year. 'J'bis would be 
 from a third to one half of the total 
 num])er of male adult deaths. But 
 about the time when this fearful 
 announcement was made, the .Mortu- 
 ary Statistics gave the total number 
 of deaths from alcoholic causes in 
 
 is overstrained its effect will practic- 
 ally be the same as Prohil)ition ; it 
 will call into existence an illicit trade, 
 which of all results is the worst. To 
 diminish the demand for licpiors by 
 moral agencies has been shown to be 
 practicai)le both in Canada and among 
 the upper classes in England : to di- 
 
 eight of our principal cities and towns minish the supply without diminishing 
 
»4G 
 
 J'tohibitionum in Oinudu ami tin Unifeil Satii^, 
 
 tln' «l«'iiiiiiiil >( cms to lie iiii|>nicti(';il»le, 
 resort to what «'.\p"tlif>uls ymi will. 
 
 It is iiH iieetUfiiH to dilatr on tin- 
 evils of iiiifiiipcruiu't) as it is to dilate 
 on tlw cvil-^ I'f vtMiill |>ox, 'I'ln' only 
 i|UfMti()ii is wlit'tlicr |»roliiliiti\(' l<';iis 
 lution euros or ratht-r uj^^'niviites ami 
 propagates flic disease. I'.iit the advo 
 Cfttes of coeriiou have siiroly over 
 stated the conneetioii between di'iiik 
 ing and criino. l''roiii their laii<,'iia;,'e 
 it might lie supposed that if we eould 
 only stump out ilrinkinj.', crimo of all 
 kinds would eease, oin* gaols would 
 stand em[)ty, and we should ho at 
 lilmrty tt) disband the police. If it 
 Were so, uo measures, provided they 
 were eiVective, could bo too .strong, 
 lint can we iielieve that cruelty, lust, 
 covetousness. vindictiveness, malice, 
 and the other evil tendencies of human 
 nature in which orimo has its source, 
 are all the ollspi-ing of drink, and that 
 with drink they would depart I l>() 
 they not nianifot themselv»'s. in germ 
 at least, in children whose lips have 
 never touchi'd the glass < Among tlie 
 poorer classes seasons of distress are 
 sea.sonH of crime, though the jiower of 
 buying li(pior is diminished. Is thrie 
 uo crime in .Muhammodau countries 
 which keep the prophet's law { Js 
 there none in Spain, the people of 
 which are renuirkable for their tem 
 perance / Jt is natural that the 
 criminal clas.ses should also l)t; given 
 to drink, as they are to gross sen- 
 suality of other kinds ; but it does 
 not follow that their addiction to 
 drink is the sole or even the principal 
 source of their crime. Prisoners, too, 
 are apt to plead drink in extenuation 
 of their otYences, especially since they 
 know that philanthropy will liail their 
 plea. A lemarkable article on diet 
 appeai'ed some time ago from the pen 
 of Sir "W. Thompson, in which ho 
 avowed his lielief that not oulv the 
 bodily but tlie moral evil arising from 
 intemperance in eating was as great 
 as that arising from intemperance in 
 drink. Certainly I should not look 
 for more malevolence in a drinker of 
 any but the wor.'^t whiskey or rum 
 
 than in one wh<>, like tun m my |" (.Jon,! 
 on this continent. o\ereat himself •! ^ . 
 with fat and ill-ltoiled pork or Imj j, 
 ste.ik cooked in tiie deadly fi'ving |^i„. 
 as well as with half l).tked liread |0(.,| 
 greasy pie, washing down the wl^^ 
 with copious draught ~ of the u.^q],, I 
 alMiminable green tea. Tiie M i^^i|\| 
 Prison Keport for 1HM4 says: " ^^ i 
 temperance; is not a cau»e of criigmt 
 it is a crime more against society <)|e]u'i 
 against the family than against Qip,. 
 state". The words are ,i little :i>^|i 
 biguous. I»ut they certaiidy do i^^j ,, 
 mean that inteiuperanco is the s<||0(iai| 
 soui'ce of crime. J|„ 
 
 Whether we or any of us ou;,^(,ii 
 entirely to renounce alcohol it is :fleci 
 science to determine. If science p.ii^a 
 nounces that we ought, there can qi^^ 
 little doubt that the growing int||^{\v 
 ligence of lunnanity will graduun^vit 
 conform to the decision, as it ;^11 1 
 already conforming to the decision g uei 
 science by other changes of hah;,i0|i 
 r.ut one can hardly help thinkisrimi 
 that even with regard to the physiijj^ m 
 effects of alcohol there has, at lobvi' 
 events, been a good deal of exaggeigentl 
 tion on the "Temperance" platforiat d 
 The .<<ort of spirits to whi^h Prohiltcmi 
 tion drives people, as we have .set-of t 
 is poison indeed. lUit surely it low 
 only in a highly metaphorical seutard 
 that the name of poison cun be appli-gpot 
 to lifpiors which a man has ilrunk f' niay 
 eighty, ninety, even a hundred yeai hie 
 In .Manitoba there are two bodies If 
 Mennouites, of which one drin. tha 
 spirits or fermented li(piors while tl had 
 other abstains ; and a person who h tha 
 a great deal to do with the ]\lennoniti' mo: 
 and whose evidence is certainly to 1 enj 
 trusted, tells me that tlie section whi( eas 
 drinks is rather superior in jirogrc- reg 
 sive energy to the section of abstainer hia 
 No part of our Canadian poitulatio; ha 
 is more industrious or woithier tha; rei 
 the Germans of Waterloo Count} Bjj 
 Ontario, wlio, like all Germans, driiu Ai 
 beer. That alcohol doe.s not nourisl: on 
 supposing it to be true, is not much t co 
 the purpose. If alcohol does not nourisl Wi 
 it exhilarates. Tea, which some prohi ra 
 
[ifei/ Sfatif 
 
 /'I'ohi/'idoiiiAin in CfiiKtit ami (h Unikil tSfafis. 
 
 mi; 
 
 llM, 
 
 like f 
 
 "" III iliV lit 
 
 *»\''i«'at liiiiiM-lt' 
 
 ill •l»oil<Ml 
 
 |H)lk 
 
 in t\„' ihiuUv 1 
 
 (>1- 
 
 I'VIIlL' 
 
 /" ;tk)iii>ts 'liiuk iti lUxiils. ami on whicli lucii wlio wt'r»« tlie loii-t intuxiciiN-il.' 
 ;fy sjM'ritl lis iiiucli iiHinMv as (»tlu'i> .Mi-. Iti yaiit, the AimriiMii .iMtlioi , has 
 
 > 1 
 
 ii Ix'i't', (liK-H tint tK)ni'i>li, l)iil it ('niiiii iiifil tilio a('C)unt. i lienril 
 
 '■a.-slilll;.' (|„\vi, (I 
 
 «lraii;rlit> of (I 
 riv.ii (,.,1. 
 
 *»' I'Ollif.s. l'()-.-il»ly tlif ('xliihiratiMtj pro- clfriiiil mlvnciitP «it' our Scott Acf. miv 
 '''''"' at'il l»y Nviiii- luav Miiiiftiuu'.H have that 1r» woiiM no riion- think i»l' putfiuy 
 
 T 
 
 >'"- a can. 
 liioiv ii^'aiiist HovU 
 
 U> I, 
 
 mx a ii<'<'«'-hai V atiti'Iiat' t<» nichin li<|iior witliin rench nt" tlif jit'oplc, t h 
 
 lit) 
 
 iol> 
 
 \v 
 
 hicii w'HiM (If li"rvvi>.t' pn-y <>t' putting a ktiitV' within ifacli nf a 
 
 ays : 
 of ci 
 
 vtAlly ''n ti"' Miiinl. The l'salMii>.t. I)aliy. Siippohin^' ii ^Ma«-« "f iilu to l)e 
 praise«l wiiif as making,' ^'hul the a knitf, the H'Vcn'ii"l uHiith'Uian's 
 
 1 
 
 "'eirt of man. ihooirh In* livtd lieforc fellow-. 'itizf'ns (ire not ltal»ies. Amoii^ 
 
 "'»''y than ajraiMst 
 ■•"■''h aif. ,1 lit, I, 
 ■ey certainly ,|„ , 
 Ji'"Uj[)pi-amM is 
 
 y Henvi', may have >pokfn with tlio the extreme atlvocatps of toercioii arc, 
 oico of Nature. I '.it, I repeat, let I believe, men who have thcmscKes 
 
 »6dieil science ileciue 
 
 to lier. not to 
 
 teen t'lvt'ii to <lrink, am 
 
 1 wl 
 
 lo cannot 
 
 Utfiiion heloii^' 
 
 L' or -inv f ^''*' I •'"'I'f'""''*^ platform has also 
 
 ""'"•ice" aicoiiol'lt ;!,":y"'"\. ''"",'" p-'-I) ':v.;.';.'m'ate.l the 
 'iinino ff .• fleet ol moderate iliiiikm^', ni temptiiiir 
 
 We oiiirl,* ^"*'"*^"^ I'.nwa 1(1 I o excess. 'I'o maintain that a 
 J,ni, t/.eie can og^,, „.i,„ jj, j,, the haKit of taking 
 nat the L'rowuM' iui, n \ c ■ i * 
 
 (? "„ nHi«ny „ glj,^^ ok Wllie i<V l)ecr must 
 
 italdy contract a cravin;; which 
 
 1 1'i 1.;. I,, : i....„i 1 
 
 DM) 
 
 nnanity will gradua ^ 
 
 ,,. ,1., • • "^ ^■'•' nwvuaiHv coniraci a rravin<' wmcn 
 
 ne (It'cisu)ri, MS if _iii i I'i i- i • i i i 
 
 miiiir fr. *\ , . ^»1 It'ii'l to his bei'omni'' a (liiinkard, 
 
 '""r, to tJlP (leci.siou .«.,„.....,.,. 1,.,,1., f,.,. ♦l„. JncfiC.n. 
 
 ' ''""^-"-^ ^'f '"^I'-Jn* of ti.o.e wL. 
 
 ha leli^^ious or jMilitic.il platform, the timleistaml tlie existence of seU' cou- 
 
 trol. 
 
 The tasto for forniMite'l li(|nor-', if 
 not conjrenilal. si'cms to he immcm irial 
 ami almost tiniversil. It-, trace-, ap- 
 pear in all the mytholo>,'ies. Himloo, 
 liellriiic, lloman, ami Sfandinivian. 
 I'roljaljly tluf use of siidi licpiors is 
 coeval with cookerv, which al>o has 
 l)eon the source of much evil a>- well 
 as of much pleasure to m iiikin I. It 
 is very likely that a great chan;;e in 
 human diet, a.s well as in human he- 
 liefs ami institutions i> coming ; l)ut 
 it is not likely that thi- change will 
 cr)me suddenly, or that diet, being 
 complex, will undorgo a revolution in 
 one of its elements without^ a cor- 
 responding revolution in the rest. 
 Vegetarianism has many advocite.s, 
 and there are symptoms of gradual 
 progress in that direction sinif the 
 days in which a Homeric hero de- 
 voured a whole joint of meat and the 
 l)ard sang of tlu^ work of tin- shambles 
 witii as much "usto as he -aiig of the 
 harve.st anil the vintage. It is certain 
 that most people eat too mucli meat 
 and aie the wor.se for it. tliough it has 
 not yet been proposed on t]:at account 
 to shut up the butcher's shops and 
 send the bntchei-s to gaol. Fermented 
 drinks may be discarded and cookery 
 with them : a refined and intellectual 
 world may be content to sustain its 
 grosser part with bread and w.iter 
 from the spring ; and our Chri>tmvs 
 cheer may be rememl)ered only as the 
 liabit of primeval savages with wonder 
 and di.sgust. But in questions of diet, 
 as I have alreadv said, it is for medi- 
 
 „,|,. „ ,' ^''"""'tempted to swallow till- whoh- content 
 
 •d nui'^'t T '^'°' ^''^' •'•''•''"' ^'»' 11"^'' 1'^' '-^ t*' -^^^'i 
 
 K-* ,.,Jf •^"|"*'ly it low the who].' contents of the mus- 
 '> nietaphorica .spii.*««j ^ c i ■ • i * i 
 
 MfM' ..>« I '^*^" tafd pot irom whicn he take 
 
 DOISOn r",!!-! I.n 1 ' 
 
 f ur^i r... 1 "*^"'t«Pd iK't Irom wliicn lie takes a 
 
 ;!;";;°y;';;;';'^;M>pl.; spoonful wltl. l.i.s beet. a man 
 
 >ven n I ''^V 'I" ™*y l*''^^ '^ game of cril)bag<' with 
 - t n a fmndrcd yea. hi. wife without becmiing a gambler. 
 oe are two bo( ps t# i i r i i .• 
 
 ,,.. ■ , ', If .loimsoii lound abstinence easier 
 
 ^MllCh oiip drill' *U i^ 11 
 
 ,^p^| jj^ I - ''''''than temperance, it wa> becau.se ho 
 
 •mr] n ' *^'^ '^vJiile tl, ixiid once been intemperate. He knew 
 'Zith rr'Tr" '"'"* ^' **»»t I'i-"^ ^^^••' ''^''- was peculiar. To 
 
 iJe is c^t •"1'°'"^'™'?'^ "'''"• '"" ^^'''y '''"!'"''' I'^'y-^'^^'^l 
 fli.if Tl ^* ^^P^y to L enjovment of some kind, temperance is 
 
 ' ; ' ^^\^ ''.^'^^^^ ^^'I'i' easier than al>stinence. The Spaniards 
 
 . upenor in prog,,.- ,egularlv drir,k wino. vet Croker in 
 
 ('«n , '''''"'"^'^■^' 'l'^^^^ in Spain.*" says, "The 
 
 anadian populatio: habitual temperance of tliese people is 
 
 '"s or worthier tl.a: reallv a,-tonishing : I never saw a 
 
 . Y,f "" ^ ^""^' Spaniar.l drink a mvoiuI gla.ss of wine." 
 
 .11 Germans, drini: Another Kiiglish louri-^t >ays : "In all 
 
 01 (oe.snot nourisl our wan.lerings through town and 
 n ., 1 '1' ^"^ "'"^'' ' countrv, along the hiirhways and bve- 
 onol does not nounVl; ways of the lan.l from Bay on ne toGib- 
 
 ' "'^" '"''"^6 Pi'olu raltar, w(> never saw m.ire than four 
 
 m 
 
I 
 
 34.S 
 
 rrohihitionisiii in Canada and the Uiiikd JSlates. 
 
 
 cal science, not for the sentiment of 
 the phitform or for Methodist enthu- 
 vsiasm, to decide. 
 
 We liave seen how in Vermont, 
 Trohibitionisni, exasperated by its in- 
 evitable failure, has heaped up penal 
 enactments, and at last invaded tlie 
 most sacrod liberties of the citizen 
 and the sanctuaiy of his home. It is 
 the teudencv of all tyraniiv, whetlier 
 it be that of a sultan, a crowd, a sect, 
 or a party of zealots, when it tind> 
 itself baffled, to pile on fresh seveiities 
 instead of reconsidering the wisdom 
 of its own policy. Prohibitive legisla- 
 tion in Canada has not failed to betray 
 the same arbitrary spirit. Th'^re is a 
 clause in the Scott Act (sec. 12) 
 setting a.-^ide the common legal safe- 
 guai'ds of innocence. It provide.-? " that 
 it shall not be necessary for the in- 
 former to depose to the fact of the 
 sale as within his own personal or 
 certain knowledge, but tlunnagi-strate, 
 so soon as it appears to him that the 
 circumstances in evidence sutHcientjy 
 estaljlish the infraction of the law, 
 shall put the defendant on his defence, 
 and in default of his rebuttal of such 
 evidence shall convict him accord- 
 ingly " — convict him, in short, and 
 snid him to pi'ison on hearsay, if in 
 the opinion of the magistrate, who 
 may be a strong partisan, he fails to 
 prove his innocence. There is a clause 
 (1-2) requiring a man Avhen inter- 
 rogated respecting previous convic- 
 tions to criminate himself, which 
 seems intended for the very i»urpose 
 of breeding mendacity. There is a 
 clause (12;'. compelling husband and 
 wife to give evidence against each 
 other. When the wife has sen . the 
 husband to prison, what will the wed- 
 lock of that pair thenceforth V)e ] 
 Which of the two is the gri'ater sin, 
 to refuse to give evidence under the 
 rfcott Act, or to break the marriage 
 vow which bids husband and wife to 
 cherish and protect each other 1 There 
 is no appeal on the merits from the 
 arbitrary decision of the magistrate, 
 and zealots have not been ashamed to 
 demand in the plainest terms the ap- 
 
 sa 
 lei 
 
 tUl 
 
 la 
 
 pointment of partisans to the bei^^ 
 It never occurs to them to con> 
 whether intem[)erauce itself is a ^vi^^™ 
 vice than injustice. ^^ 
 
 The treatment of the iiotel ^.j. 
 tavern-keepers has al.so l)een utlt 
 inicpiitous. These men have It^j 
 earning their bread by a trade wlii^g- 
 when they entered it, was not o:^^ 
 licensed by the State, but deemed, 
 everybody perfectly reputable ; ii 
 therefore when their trade is sudde 
 suppres.sed they are apparently entit 
 to the .same comjjensation which ;t^. 
 other trade in the same circu 
 stances would receive. But comp^ 
 sation is inconvenient and mif-.v-a 
 fatally weight the measure. It q 
 necessary, therefore, to put the tave:Qi 
 keeper out of the pale of justice ; andg^]; 
 do this pulpit and platform vie wj^j 
 each other in kindli'^g popular pass; gg 
 against him. lie is represented ]y^\^ 
 only as the agent of a ti'atiic to wliij^^ 
 it is desirable to put an end, but a^^.f 
 criminal and the worst of crimin;i^u 
 as a poisoner and a murderer " stee] j^g 
 to the elbow in the Idood of civili 
 tion." Ypt, money made by the pois,||, 
 which he sells is accepted even by t ,^jj 
 most scrupulous of the Churches f ^^j 
 its religious objects, while one Chuii.._a 
 at least, which has synodically declai ij^ 
 for total Prohibition, counts mai.^^Q 
 dealers in liiiuor among its members,.^ 
 
 We do not want a soltish and ist^i 
 lated liberty. Milton himself did h'n 
 want a .selfish and isolated libertyg; 
 at least he deliberately .sicriticed L p 
 eyesight rather than decline to sen g 
 the State. But after all this stru. p 
 gling against the paternal despotis: j 
 of kings and popes, we do want i 
 reasonable measure of freedom and i \ 
 self-development. We do want it t < 
 be understood, as the general rult ' 
 that, 
 
 All restraint 
 
 Except wliiit wi^^doiii lavs on evil mar 
 
 Is evil. 
 
 In case of extremity, such as wa; 
 or plague, we are of course ready foi 
 strong measures, provided they ar 
 effectual, ^'^ot only war or plague 
 
 t 
 
Inilai /States. 
 
 J'rohibitionisjti in Vanada and the United Status. 
 
 349 
 
 of partisans to the l..,V^"{ ?""' "^ ^f ^^'1'^ ^'"'^ '^^ 
 (ffiiiv. fr. f 1 X vte alone can doal with it, warrants 
 
 :en,,«,'u™'relf IT";;:' "'o,-™"- of tl,e state. Nobody 
 liustice >iua desire to .set arbitrary and pe- 
 
 ifnifln^ \f *u - . . ntit' bounds to the eomnion action 
 iiiuent or the Hotel ^v t p i.i i.- 
 
 -,,„,„ ).„ , , ^^'- the comnmnity for the preservation 
 ffcxs has also been utl, ^j^^ ^.j^^j^^ j^, „,i j^t ie necessary 
 
 h'\lZr'\^'T '^d therefore lawful to dose the 
 n Ulead by a trade wli' c ^\ i- l\ a- 
 
 finfo,.^ 1 •: "^"'verns of the nation, were the nation 
 
 ciiLBied It, was not. (v • ^i i ^ i e ^ \ 
 
 fli,. Qf.+ 1 ^ 1 "loamiui' the hopeless slave otdrnnken- 
 
 tne btate, but deemed ^^ • i <. i j 
 
 >Pi-f«r.ti,r X , >Sfc as It luicht be necessary and 
 
 ^ntw/T''^'^^'''2Lfol•^ '-^-^''l to close the' race- 
 
 jeu ineir trade is suddoi r ^i i.- . 
 
 ■thpv nvoov.. ,, "^'turses if the nation were becoming 
 
 ine) aie apparentlventh i i i c x t i i- 
 
 cnmnon V,- ?• , »« hopeless slave ol turf-gambling. 
 
 tompensution wJnch -i x • i- i -x 
 
 . ''ut la an ordinary way we submit 
 
 •omj) 
 in tlie 
 
 ^IJ receive. ''Sut "''''"^•*' ''^''^^''^'' "^ ^''^ ''=^'"^' "^' ^^°^" 
 
 inconvenient and ''°-^''* "^-■(•'"t^^^' political power is a 
 t,'ht the measure. It 
 
 and mi<,j^ i;,,l,j f„^. dpfmite purposes 'vliich 
 
 ,pr„f„,„. , , ^, -'^t o not i.. chide interference with your 
 eretore, to put the tave;^;. 
 
 f fl.<^r,,i f'- ". "" """^eiirhlmur's diet or any of his i)ersonal 
 
 it 3 ?l H^"'^''^' ^'"''abits any more than they include the 
 Jit and platform vie wi- 
 
 Imitation of Iiis industry or the con- 
 
 n Icindli-g popular passil^tJ 
 
 " ?j'';?.'^^"^^*^.'iibitionist thinks that by doing a 
 
 Ife 
 
 IS 
 
 Dion 
 
 of his property. The Pro- 
 
 ie'' t ,?. f *"; ^? '''^"ittle injustice he can do a great deal 
 d f h J. *'l' '?''' 1'"^ ^'^'f goo<l, an.l so probably have thought 
 r.mdn / "^''""^^''tll tyrants .vho were not absolutely 
 
 I .md a mur.Ierer " stee|,.ngj^Jp 
 
 uZpv? ''!''''? ""{ '^^'' If fanaticism in pursuit of the one 
 money u,.^,l,^^j^^p^.^^^^^.^^^^^^ ^ tramples on justice 
 
 lo, ' "iTT , ?^^'\^^ ^^^^ natural aflecticm, how can it show 
 lOut, ot tfie t hurches f i c xi i • e 
 
 mKi'c I -1 '"*^"*"' 'iDV more regard tor the claims ot 
 obecis, while one (Jhui^^Stical duty? A citizen is manifestlv 
 ^n lassynodicallydeclaiVijouTi,! in tl^e exercise of his suffrage 
 
 omoinon, counts maico consider all the (nialifications of the 
 uoi among its members.oandidate and all the interests of the 
 twaiita selhsh and instate. Ihit temperance-organ.^atious 
 JMilton himse f did ,. ^^ Canada liave formally resolved to 
 ll-r /f ''*^ lil^eily^^l^^^lp^^ far as they can, from all 
 eiberately sacrificed L p^feUe oJhres, even from that of a 
 ei .lan dechne to sen school-trustee, any one who will not 
 'Ut arter all this stru. pledge himself to the support of their 
 
 me paternal despotisi policy. There may be other issues 
 
 popes we do want before the countrv of the most vital 
 
 iasure ot treedom and > importance, but they are all to be 
 
 -nt. We do want it t sacrificed to the one 'end of the sect. 
 
 1, as the general nil- The man may be qualified in every re- 
 
 All restraint 
 wisdom lays on evil niai 
 
 spect to be a legislator : he may even 
 be a total abstainer ; but if he does 
 not believe in Prohibitory legislation, 
 and refuses to submit his conscience 
 to that in which he does not believe, 
 he is to be excludi'd from public life, 
 and the State is to be (h>prived of his 
 services. On the other hand, the most 
 transparently dishonest submission is 
 accepted as a title to support. A 
 fierce electoral contest is going on 
 with forces evenly balanced, and every- 
 body is in doubt about tiie result. 
 Suddenly it is announced that one of 
 the candidates has consented to take 
 the Prohibition pledge. There is no 
 concealment as to his motive ; but he 
 gets the Prohibitionist vote, and by its 
 help rides in over the head of his more 
 scrupulous rival, while eminent Chris- 
 tians and religious journals applaud 
 a triumph gained over public morality 
 by fraud and lying. It is needless to 
 say that Prohibitionism becomes a 
 marketable commodity among poli- 
 ticians, and furnishes th(> ladder by 
 which knavery climbs co tlie mark of 
 its ambition. It is now, perhaps, 
 after Irish clanship, the most noxious 
 of the sectional organisations, the 
 number of which is alw <,ys on the in- 
 crease, and which are destroying the 
 character of the citizen and lendering 
 elective goverment impossible by 
 treating the State as an oyster to be 
 opened with the knife of their vote 
 for tlieir own ])articular end. 
 
 Once more then, and with increased 
 emphasis, let me suggest that before 
 the British Parliament commits itself 
 to Prohibitive legislation it should 
 send a Commis.sion of IiKpiiry to the 
 United States and Canada. 
 
 GoLDWiN' Smith. 
 Toronto, Januanj 25. 
 
 extremity, such as wa: 
 are of course ready foi 
 'es, provided they ai' 
 ' o^^y war or plague