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Les cartes, pianchee, tableaux, etc.. peuvent «tre fiimAe it dee taux de rMuctlon dlffArents. Lorsque la document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clich4. 11 est film« « partir de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite. et de haut en bas, en prenant Ie nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammee suivants illustrent ia mAthode. 1 2 3 1 MICROCOPY RESCIUTION TEST <:HART (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2) 1^1 Hi Ui Li US lii u 2.8 3.2 14.0 12^ Z2 2.0 1.8 APPLIED IM/1GE Ir 1653 EqeI Main Street Rochester, N.n* York 14609 USA (716) 4a2 - 0300 -Phone (716) 283- 5989 -Fox ,^l \ s / With Compumini-s or Iast Miooimix Rirami Aumiation. ADDRESS -BY- ^ r '"IID Q-Ij-A-SS, q,.o. TO TE ELECTORS OF eJsT MIDDLESEX, AT HE LONDON OETY HALI. July 27th;a.D. 1878. ■ *mt * ^oxiiton. ®ni.: ABTBHTiani SnuM Prmsbs, Riobmokd Strxit. 1878. Ceil Ar>DI^E s s BY VZID a-L^ss, Q,.o. -0-xX^ Notn^ithstandingthebupy season and theun- naual demands that are at present being made upon the farming community by the simul- taneous ripening of the crops, the City Hall ■was well filled on Saturday by the electors of East Middlesex in response to the call of the Central Committee of the Reform Asso- xiiation of the Riding. A conspicuous fea- tare of the meeting was the presence of a large number of ladies, who occupied the north gallery and were attentive listeners throughout the delivery of the speeches. Within half an hour of the time named on the bills the meeting was opened by Mr. Wm. Belton, President of the Reform Asso- ciation of the Riding. On the platform be- side the President, Mr. Belton, and the Secretary, Mr. A. J. B. Macdonald, there were Mnssra. G. W. Ross, M. P., Hon, Senator Leonard, •James Armstrong, Andrew Faulds, William Hortou, Capt. Burgess, Lt.- Col. Walker, Capt. Greig, M. Anderson, John Kennedy, John Burns, Wm. Patrick, Dun- can Grant, W. H. Bartram, G. R. Pattullo, George Walker, and' others. The attend- ance in the body of the hall included repre- sentative men from ail parts of the Riding. The best of order was jnaintained. The Chairman, in calling the meeting to order, stated that they hud convened to do honor to Mr. Glass — one who had been tried and found to be a true man — one who had had thn mnral nnnrn.cro fr> An fKo vtnUf nn/l^-. -- ■ -" --a--- """f" trying circumstances. (Cheers.) He hoped the spirit which the farmers of East Mid- dlesex had manifested in coming out in such large numbers during so busy a season would be maintained throughout the con- test, and if it was, there was no doubt of Mr. Glass' election by a handsome majority. (Hear, hear, and cheers.) He then intro- duced as the first speaker Mr. Johi* Burns, who.upon being called, saii he had long wished for an opportunity to I speak in the City Hall in London, and now that he was here he was afraid he would not be able to say much after all. (Cheers). He was here to say a few words for Mr. Glass. If anyone doubted that Mr. Glass was a true Reformer, that doubt would be die* pelled on seeing the number of ladies present at his meeting. He thought it was the tirst time the ladies wore present at a political meeting iu this county. He went i on to say that there was a little dispute be- I tween him ana Mr. Glass, and it arose ia I this way: A friend of theirs »e o^ them j together the other day, said, •' h < , we're i going to have the millenium, here's ;jhe lion i and the lamb together." (Laughter.) Now the diijpute between him and Mr. GJass waa I as to which waa the hou and which ! the lamb. (Laughter.) He had the repu- tation of being a stiff Grit out in Nissouri. (Laughter.) He denied that he was an ultra party man, and in proof of his liberality said he would have no objec- tion to see any number of his Tory friends wal Lr 11r. ^f\ 4V1U n^.lla m.«U Li»v> -^v--^ -L ' i- — j...,.^ „f,f ,-,tU ztUM vote ;or Mr. Glassj (laughter, )he pointed out that the reason that the public men on the Reform side were superior in eloquence and talent ! to those on the other side w&b because the -r. t «...tv rf Muired their oandidatei, u a Sl.°T.n" of w'.t ..d oi.umci..t Th« Ohairinan then in a lew wen wi" i.ne *^"f." ""*",„ -pmarkB introduced Mr. s£.r"C»nKrw'ih..ad.ppu«.e. CSg .f tU. meeWng »"> -JStJ xrdoiTb'^«^JS-t,2^:xt5^ •rfe.'^°e\,rrd?e*rtt".i^ :"«9c.tio„0f«.l=8OUr™-^St to- Tto .°» oftd tetoior; they .,o a ?,".^;,5to »» to they are kind and g<»^, ^ ,v„!; thev call a "National Policy, SftSieydo'^n'ot define aor can any living man dSne what ia meant ^7 this Jt hap- oens to be a prettily rounded P^^rase, ana SoSntly va^gue to admit a score of ^oop- hnlps for future escape. A rd they ate, and every other necessary of hfe, a thing that had not been done in Britain for thirty years. Nothing but the brave patriotic feeling of the American* would have nerved them to bear this load. I do not believe that the Americans, in con- sidenng this Question of trade, ever for a moment took the question of annexation into the count, or that they ever thought of crushing Cana«la. But they did think of their own enormous wants and looked about like wise men to see how they could in the leas: burdensome way get them supplied from their own people. The man who wanted bariey to make beer, if he could not get 16 at home had to purchase it in a for- eign country -England cr Canada— and pay fifteen cents per bushel duty. Of course he put up the price of beer to meet the new taxation. He never dreamt that men could be found m Canada who would in sound earnest say that ihey were paying the duty for him. But won- ders wdl never cease. I will read what Sir John said abont it (Free Press jr " It has been said that the consumer would pay the duty. This is true when we do aot grow the article, as in the case of tea." Sir John admits that when the goods are not produced in the country the consumer pays the duty. As in the case of the tea from China, our barley is not produced in the United Sutes. They use all of their own, hut this not being enough or of t^e righi quality, they have to come to a foreign mar- ket to purchaae and pay the duty upon it, to u A "***'*" '""■^♦•y »lwaya ii (|uoted in the American mark, t the amount of the duty higher than th. r own. Ah ! but 8ir John aaya that ia bo. tute our barley ia bet- ter tlian theirH. Thi- is not aorreot. Min- neaota aenda out aa g. h1 barley m any pro duoed in Canada. Barley iit reKuIated like all other thinga, by aupjily and demand. Sir John lean exceptionally able politician, and be tella the atory about the two lielda of barley with the chp.rming tact which haa led him aucoeaafully out of many a fiaht. He aaya if a furmer haa two hundred aorM of land, one in the SUteaand the other m Canada —on eaoh ho raises 1,(K)0 bushels of barley, and he Bella eaoh of these in New York for $1 per buahel, but haa to pay fifteen oenta per bushel on the Canadian barley ; he thereby looses ^IfiO. I have carefully atudied this story, with no feeling of ill-will, but an earnest desire to compre- hend its meauiug, aurt I am able to prove it to be wholly wanting in merits. If the 1,000 buaheis of barley raised in the Statej are aold there for 85 cents per bushel, and that quantity ia suttioieut to supply their mar- ket they will not come to Canada for any, but if not sufficient they will come and will have to pay the 85 cents which the supply and demand fixes it at aa well as 15 cents duty, that is, they will have to pay ijl per busbel for their Canadian barley, whereas, they got the Aiaeriaan barley for 85 cents per bushel. This is easily proved in another way. Suppose they were to put 100 per cent, import duty on our barley, they would then get it for nothing, if the Chieftain's atory is to be relied upon. The same with horses and other stock, but if they did this they would not get our produce for nothing, and it is doubtful if it would make any dif- ference at all to UH. When the Reciprocity Treaty terminated we discovered that they were only acting as brokers for us, and that it was not the supply and demand in their market that regulated the price of our goods. So we jumped over their heads and found lots of other markets, and everything we had to sell bounded up in price and has remained so ever since. We are not dependant ujwn their market; we have the whole world oj.en to us. Il they choose to tax themselves to meet their war debt, it is no matter to us, and does not cost us one cent. For the ten years prior to the abrogation of the treaty when we had no duty to pay, we got an average of $77.50 for horses sold out of this country; for the if a following years we got an aver- age ill $94. G3. For wheat for the former ten years wo got an average of ^1.13, and for the latter $1.24. So I could go through the whole list, but oonflne myself to thes« aa they have been used in illustration by the Oppoaition leaders (Cheers, ) Hut it is aaid we hould have (Janada for the Canadiana! True, we siiould have thia— and if we aro ever to attain to distinction among the na- tions of the earth we must have son.ething more for the Canadians. If Canada la to raise herself to that distinguished posi- tion in the world which her geographical situation warrants her aspiring to, and if her people were to occupy such an import- ant place in the world aa those great racea from wMch they were descended, they would rcfjuire to have something more than Cannda for the bana .L ^ '1/ ' f e I r I i ei 1 •I oi 61 theat y th<» Mid, iaiis. B are e na> hinjj .L ^^^r V from-upon this u himtA a knowledge of their wealth No d- M there are exoep- tion« to thit. but ,'»»d» sported GS iniUiona or il7.80 per head. 80 that C'aoaila has been able to foot up a more favorable balance •hoetthnii the United Statea with all their •dvaiitagcH, Btcauae they were hampered by a protection po'ioy, which meant monoply — and monoply really means robbery. By that policy some have made Ifreat fort-jnes, while the masses liavo been injured— some who sot out a few years aao poor are now rolling in wealth—displaying their riches ia liveried servants and goraoous tinselled equipages, while thou- •ands of poor men have their cottages un- roofed and their fires quenched upon their hearth stones. The manufacture of all sorts of laboi saving machines have been pro- tected, while the labor itself has remained unprotected, thereby weakening the real source of all wealth. This aooouaU for tlteir great TRAMP ORIKVANOB, with which the papers are filled. The taborer and artizan having received large wages, thrown out of employment, looks upon the State as his common enemy, and has resource to violence and wild demands of Communism. He thinks he is right, and upon the general policy of protection he ia in fact riglit. If the State assumes to pro- tect one class it should undertake to pro- teot the whole, and failing in this, the whole fabnc falls to the ground, and sinks into rottenness and decay. In England 300 years ago the law fixed the price of labor as ^*U," the duty of the employer, what should be exported, and what might be im- ported. Then the laborer was a creature of the State. He was bound to work at the nxed rate, and failing this he was » vag. J»nt ; the able-bodied vagrant being for the third time convicted of this, he wm executed, in order to rid the State of so baneful an incumbrance. Mr. Glass here wad two short passages from Froude's ilutory, to show the protection given to labor, as well as the severity with which the idler was treat- ed during the reign of Elizabeth. Xhe Americans are a marvellous peoole— — ~- ..J, VL aitt; uuivairous, VcQoai'ettuuie spirits and the mixed bloods of the nations of Europe, with a climate and soil variable enough to produce all the fruits and grains of the earth. Eighteen years ago. when the protective policy wis adopted, iU advocates contended that th. v could live more and have (heir being within themselves. But even with them it is found to bo a ffroas error. The Hon. David Wells, their mo^t skilled writer on the subject, in a recent work denounces the policy as A TOTAL FAILUKK. Mr. Olass here read several passages from the last message of the Oovernor of the State of New York. IIOVKRNOK ROBINSON, OF NKW YORK, TILL8 HOW IT HAS AKFKCTKD TUB WORK- INUMAN. The Uovemor of the great State of New V/L\*S. '.''fl"^'"*" *" '*>« legislature 01 that .State, deola s expressly ; " The depreasion in all branches of trade, business and manufacture, and the wreck of our too numerous railroad, mining, iron and milling ventures, have thrown mt of employ a va»t number oj laboring men, who. without fault 0/ their own, are now aufferina extreme want. While, it is tme, that legis. lation can do little for their relief, it is well to undersUnd clearly the causes which have led to their distress." After notinir. as one of the causes of this state of things the jurrency inflation in the States, the Oovernor went on to say : "At the same time another great evil was strongly developed. Individuals and corporations engaged in the various branches of manufacture, taking advantage of the necessities of the Government, rushed to Congress, and, by every means in their power, procured, each for its own benefit, the levy of what were called pfotective duties, under the false pretence of raising revenue for the Uoverument, but really to compel conmm^a to pay exorbitant prices Jor the favored articles thus jtrolected. Under the wing and stimulus of this so-t Ailed pro- tection, new enterprises were undertaken, new and extensive factories built, new ani needless railways projected and underUken, new mmes and foundries opened, and armies of laborers aUured by high wages to these enterpriser from fields of agriculture and other sober and rational employments of life. The few notes of warning raised against the certain conseqnencoa of this wild overaction were unheeded. Extrava. gance of expenditure, the cu.enoe of every, thing like frugality and economy obtained l°uu, .?°*"*°"- '^^* empty and delusive bubble thus raised could not endure, and although kept afloat by the whol« nn».* «# the Government so long as it was possible. It met at last the inevitable day of doom, imaginary fortunes vanished in a moment. lU-advised railway schemes, mines, mills and factories were suspended, and tens or 6 L^ thouaandt qf innocent and m/oriunate laboren verel^ wUhoiU employment or the mmna of vihich they had been enticed from ot/ier octu. patiOHa to these enterprises, tfiey received no wages at all. "It ia easier to diacover the oause of thia distress than to point out the manner of its r'i •«• . f ® ''*° ^^ *">* on« permanent »nd effectual remedy. That is, to return as quickly as posfliblo to the condition of things that existed before the road to ruin was entered upon; by means of a return to specie payments, a sound and stable currency, and the reduction of the tariff to a strictly revenue standard. I would also rpfer you to the testi- mony of Secretary Evarts, to Henry Ward Beecher, to the poet and philosopher Oullen Bryant, to the Hon. David Wells, and others. JNations, like individuals, are liable to fall mto error. This is not the only error of theirs. Look for example at their shipping policy. One hundred years ago they framed an ordinance, a law, that no foreign ships ahould be purchased into the country. They had the finest of timber, iron, coal, and workmen. By this policy they supposed they would become a great ship-buildina country The law stiU ramains upon their statute-books— during thia long period not « single vessel has been bought into that oountry. What ia the result ? Their ton- nage has decreased one-half in the last twenty.fave years, whereas the tonnage of lireat Britain haa increased fourfold and now mounts up to nearly 1,000,000,000 tpna, encircling the whole globe like a a^rd le, and ma intaining in British hands that«HMil% which would appear to be ttie heritage of the Anglo-Saxon and Veltic races. (Loud cheera.) At the Seaent time there are two hun- ed steamshipa carrying the imports wad exports of the United Statea, all aailing uiMier foreign flags— excepting four, which tjalong to the United States. This demon- aliratea ihe total failure of their marine policy. We have five lines of Canadian oceaott steamers sailing from Montreal and Quebec, wheroaa the Americana have onlv omo line, composed of four vessels', Thw la the result of Government trying to usurp the functions of nature and aubverting the simple rule that freemen have the right to sell in the dearest and buy in the cheapest markets at their command. Mr. Wells will be followed up by writers and thinkers, so that after the great war t>urden ia removed, thia people may be a a fr«d from taxation aa we .orn, Snsakis" m round numbera (m I djs to FARMER. r 1 \ ITRIQHTBN THS This will fail. In the first place, T \ I \ I 9 !} \ up here they are not made of the kmd of 8tuflFt->be frightened, and in the second place they are not so atupid as to believe that there is the slightest ground for it. In any event we are not dependent npon the growth of wheat, I believe if the exportation of wheat were to ' ' 'rely cease in this cointry it would !.i vtly to the advantage of the farmers. T. ./ years ago the Genajee Valley prcducti lifty bushels to the acre; now they scarcely rfttse enough for their own use. But yet, the farms are twice as valuable as they were when they dragged the heart out of them by raising a succession of crops of wheat. They did what we must do. Turn our attention to the raising of stock, and grow green roots to feed the stock upon. The crop of stock is much more profitable and yon can drive it oflf the farm, leaving the land richer and better, while the wheat exhausts the vital- ity of the soil. Thanks to the energy and promptness of our Ottawa Govern- ment a magnificent market is now thrown open to the stock of Canada. At the present session of the British Parliament a bill was introduced called "The Cattle Disease Bill," which excluded all foreign cattle from being imported alive into the United King- dom, the object being to prevent the impor- tation of diseased stock. Our Government lost not a moment in bringing before the imperial authorities the fresh, healthful na- ture of our climate and our stock, and after some delay, got the Bill amended and an exception made in favor of Canada. So that now while all Europe is excluded from the British markets, that market ia open to Canada. (Loud cheers.) If it could be really understood there ia a mine of wealth in it for our farmers. Four years ago, our exportation was oomparati vely nothing. Now, Montreal and Quebec cannot supply vessels for the trade; last year about 9,000 head were sent, this year perhaps 30,000 head will be exported troni Canada. Ireland exports one hundred million dollars worth of stock an- nually. Why should Ontario, four times as large, not do as much ? We will do it. I firmly believe that the time will come when the exportation of our own cattle, sheep, and horses will reach two hundred millions, or three times as much as our present ex- ports of all kinds. In a word, allow me to aay, devote yourselves to one kind of good gi«de cattle found most productive for beef, raise only good horses. It costs as much to feed a poor creature as a good one. Only have good ones and you have a ready mar- ket and a fine price. (Loud cheers. ) This INHERITED FROM THEIR FREDECESJORS SERIOUS RESPONSIBILITIES, from mnoh of which there was no possible chance o» escape. I copy the following figures from the marvelojsly clever speeofi delivered by the Hon. Mr. Brown in the Senate during the last session. Here is » list of the engagements the new Ministry found awaitins; them upon theii coming into ofiSce: Canals. 143 801.000 h 'ii^: 10.000.000 S" a'i?xroTi 30.000.000 N.a&N.B.R 2.000:000 P.E. I.R. 2.800.000 Minor Works 4,600000 Improvements on the St. Law- rence 2.500.000 195,300.000 In addition to these frightful engagements the new Ministry found $.35,000,000 of de- bentures at once coming due with no pro- vision whatever to meet them. The new men, though at first Aocked at the situation, went right into the work personally until daylight appeared, and the Ship of State was out of danger, so that at the end of four years the credit of the country stands higher than it has done at any former time. I have here a copy of the Public Accounts, by which you will see that owing to our really good credit, brought abort by the excellent management of Mr. Cartwright, we are able to procure money at a much lower rate of intfrest than the late Govern- ment ever did. On our interest accounts alone we are now saving $600,000 per annum ; and we have managed to lop off former engagements, so that instead of ex- pending $95,000,000 we have really only ex- pended on capital account about$24,000, 000. In every department of the public sex vice the controllable expenditure has been out down and reduced as far as compatible with the efficiency of the duties performed. On these points, however, there is really no charge acainst the Government; nor is there any other charge against it. Steel rails, Goderich harbor, Neebing Hotel, Foster jobs, are all given up by the Chief- tain (as stated in his Strathroy speech), and he now pins his colors to the " National Policy " alone. The natural course of trade, the ordinary rules of business are to be set aside, an unhealthy stimulant given, so that a few may make haste to be rich at the ex- pense of the great mass of the people. No man setting out on a journey can run violently for a mile without feeling the folly of such undue exertion, and knowing that if he had walked moderately, at the end of the day he would have got over more miles with much greater ease to himself. So it is with all the enterprises in life. If « premium be given to the" maker of ploughs of eight dollars on every plough made, besides the ordinary profit, the mar- ket will be overstockwL There would 10 be two ploughs for every oae re> qaired, and some market would have to >>e got for them, even at any sacrifice. This i * what has been done in the States since 1S61, resulting in disastroxis consequences to the whole people. At the present time here the plough-maker has a protection of four dollars on every plough. There are those who think that we ought to pay eight dollars ; I do not think so, first, because, no doubt, it would produce disastrous results, as it ha3 done in the Mtates, and second, because it is in the nature of class legislation to which I am entirely opposed. If a sugar refiner in this country is so pro- tected that the whole people have to pay one cent a pound more for sugar than ii he were not protected, on one hundred million Eounds, which is less than we now import, e would clear one million dollars at the end of the year. To the party or Govern- ment from whom he would get bis privilege he could well afford to give large amounts ol money to assist in electionn or otherwise. I Ao not say that such thi- s have ever be6n done in this country, although there was a sugar refinery (Mr. Bedpath's) here once. ^ It was said that it had been done extensively in the neighboring Republic. It might never have been done here, but the electors should endeavor to remove 8t)ch temptations from the politician, no matter how honest he might be. (Cheers.) I will now draw attention briefly to THE CANADA PACIFIC RAILWAY. In my intercourse with men it is fre- quently said : If Sir John had remained ia power the Pacific Railway would have been built, labor abundant and money plenty, I^et us consider whether this proposition is true or untrue. Governments, like indi- viduals, can only accomplish purposes within their means, and according to popular tradition it is the especial province of the Conservatives to see that those in power do not embark in wild speculations, dor, indeed, in any way compromise the country's honor, the country's credit. In '72 a bill was passed enabling Sir John Macdonald's Government to grant a ohartor to a company thereafter to be formed for biulding the Pacific Railway. The Act provided that the Government might give a very large bonus with the charter for the construction of the road. It provided that AS high as thirty million dollars in money and fifty million acres of land might be given. Therefare, it was supposed that who ever would got this charter from Sir JTonn would thefCuy sOCUre a colossal for> tune. Sir Hugh Allen was the man who did secure the charter. It gave to him thiirty million dollars in money and fifty million acres of laud. And when the road would be finished that he should be the absolute owner of it. I will not detain yon, dwelling upon the means by which the charter was obtained. Sir Hugh, upon oath before the Royal CommisBion« stated that it cost him three hundre4 and eighty thousand dollars, very much of it paid into the hands of Ministers, but none of it being placed to the publio credit For this Sir John was put out of office, some twenty of his own followers, in a body, going against him— I being one of them. For this act my friends flew fronx me as if I had committed some crime ; I found myseK surrounded by a few patriotic men who had been former .".upporters, and by the whole body of my former opponents^ Was I to turn my back on them and insult them, or was I to thank them for their con- fidence and friendship ? I did then thank them, and do now, for supporting me in the cause of right and hour of trial. (Great ap- plause.) I felt that I was doing right; and would do the same again under similar circumstances, even if it were to be the last act of my life. (Cheers.) I know that because of that act some of my constitU' ents and friends have left him, and appear to .think that I have done wrong, but I never yet found a man in this county or even in the country who dared to say that ho would have acted otherwise. It was said,- I had left the Coneervative party, but ther truth was that the Conservative party had left me as if they had committedagreatorime. (Renewed cheers and applause. ) But I must not refer to personal matters, and will con- tinue my remarks on the railway question. The land named in the charter was to be in alternate blocks, twenty miles deep, along. the whole three thousand miles of the rail- way, the most fertile and accessible land in the Dominion. In February, 1873, Sir Hugh, with charter in pocket, went to Em- lanvl to fio^t a company with capital suffi- cient to build the railway. He returned to this country in June of the same year^ hav- ing failed in the enterprise, and at once sur- rendered the charter back to the Govern-' ment. After that, viz., on the 5th oft November Sir John was defeated, ao that the charter project had failed long before the late Government went out of power;, therefore if the road would have been built' by him it must have been by some othw^ means than that of Sir Hugh Allan. Sir John was over bix years building the Intei«> colonial Railway, about 800 miles long. W^ are now the owners of it. Yes, we are ; butf it does not earn enough to pay working ex-' us $500,000 a year over all earningiBk Now, if :'t took six years to build 800 miles of Intercolonial here at "/^me, close to the sea-' board, in good times, when the exchequer .1 1* 1 -WM flowine over with money, how many yean would it take to bnild 3,000 miles of railway away up in the north, over 2,000 miles from the seaboard, in a period of acknowledged commercial depression in Canada, and ind' ' all over world. In answering this j ou will at once see how reckless the statement is that if the Gov- ernment had not been put out they would have had the road built in the last four years, (Applause. ) If a young man starting out in life goes in debt for fine clothes, jewellery and fast living, ten to one he will always re- main in debt and be harrassed with duns and dishonor. But if he hves a frugal, honest, sober life, he will find his lines cast in pleasant places and around his path- way the beaming sunshine of success and the cheering voices of numerous friends. Debt is an awful load, a most dreary com- panion, seeming even to shrink our man- hood, making us less than ourselves, less than nature intended. It is unnatural, and no man should struggle under the load of it. If he has property he shonld sell it and free himself. If he has none, he should settle with his creditors and free himself, so that his manly faculties may not be ^cursed by it. The man who has one hundred dol- lars more than he requires has a most stable prop to lean upon. It represents freedom irom debt and the power to pay cash for all he wants ; so that the hoarded capital of the workingman is consolation to him at every turn, and soon becomes wealth. "Wealth is not capital. Wealth is a settled permanent source of revenue, whereas capi- tal is a motive power brought to bear for the accomplishment of certain fixed purposes, and there must be sufficient power to effect the purpose or the force employed is lost. If it requires one thousand dollars to sink an oil well, you expend nine hundred on it and cannot get the other hundred the mo- tive power is not sufficient, and the nine hundred are lost. Now, like the young man to whom I have referred, THIS IS A YOUNG COFNTRY, and upon the treatment of it depends its future greatness. It is only able to bear a reasonable amount of burden. With perseverance to guide us we must adopt the motto of hastening slowly, and not wading into such deep water as to overwhelm us. In '73, Sir Hugh failed "n his railway project ; that was the beginning of the end ; that was the period of th« American South Sea bubble. The Central Pftcific Railroad had been for some years in AneratioS: asd wan a snlendid achievement for the American people ; but it was only • drop in the great sea of enterprise which in 72 and 73 animated the whole nation. In those years many thousands of miles of railway, north, south, east and west, swal- lowed up millions of capitaL Amongat others they were building the Northern Pacifio Railway from Duluth, on Lake Su- perior, to the Pacifio Ocean. The Govern- ment of the United States gave to this road a bonus of fifty million acres of land (but no mone>). At the head of that enterprise were some f the finest financiers in the world, with scores of large capitalists. About 400 miles of the road were' built when the whole Company failed. Jay Cooke, at its head, and all concerned, were totally ruined. The road was placed in the hands of trustees, who have operated the finished portion up the present time. Nbw, if the Americans, with forty millions of people, were unable to build this road little over two thousand miles long, five hundred miles south of our railway, much more easy of access and through a country comparatively well settled, could we with 4,000,000 accomplish a much more gigantic work through a country with no settlers at all ? If it costs us $500,000 pdr annum to keep the Intercolonial Railway running through a fairly populous country, what would it cost to keep a road running four times as long through an uninhabited country ? It would ooet at least three mil- lion dollare per annum for the next twenty years. If the thirty millions bad been ad^ vanced to Sir Hugh it would only have beeti the launching of capital, which would hatt to be supplemented by sufficient motive force to complete the operation, or the thirty millions would have been lost. This wonld have entailed the expenditure of another hundred millions, which would mean utter ruin or prompt repudiation to this country. (Hear, hear and cheers.) Therefere every sensible man will agree that there is no ground for stat- ing that if Sir John had been in power th6 railway would have been built, with labor abundant and money plenty. But the supporters of Sir John pretend to think that he can do any other imaginable thing. If Sir John were to iny that an elephant was flying in thie air, that he saw the sun break forth n midnight, or that he could run a boat up Niagara Falls, some people would pretend to believe him. But what has been done by the Hon. Alexander Mackenzie. He haM acted the part of a wise steward, not grasp- ing fitfully at the support of members by gratifying their local prejudices at the sacrifice of the public interests; but rathei has been willing to lose their support than to retain it at the expense of the general good. (Cheers.) In British Columbia, if he had fixed the western termians of thd Pacific Railway at Bute Inlet the road wottlA have been much longer and would have cotti many millions of dollars more. Yet if he exceptmi? 1 think, oae member. It wm often said that Mr. Mackenzirwaa L«Tnf ^ rS ri- \^'»"«'^°«. *o what Eefarrinft-o thifSt ofThe l^^ '"^J^i SkFnr h„; II' «o«"try. is quite an under you L what""/"? '^'""^ **^ ^-^ »•'«» Well Mr M stupendous task it is. vveii, Mr. Mackenzie has mana^H to judiciously locate the whSe *fne and has got well up to m}\!Zl of It under contract. HunTeds of fctr fthel^^^^^^^ isr or?o^« ^=£:;K-s^-„when£ This piece of road forms the key to th^ K^'T'k'"'* When built the great lone munication aC ud *^^ 7i.**'* l^""' ^ S?e.t^^?^ MSuntSns/lhro'i-^^ form twfnfv *'**"°'^ sufficient to wSLtPrn^fn °%^,, provinces like the Sof^in "^f ° °* Manitoba with a fertUe «2L 7^' 7*' watered, having sufficient ^bor for fencing and miUions of aSel Sf ^fv^^dll^rolrdeSnXtS^ fc^lT''"'- , ^?."^»* extensive cfunteyth; bnUdmg of this road will give^ Less through our own water on our own lul over our own ,a.ds. upon ourownTJuwZ' The road IS m a distant part, difficult ^of access and expensive to constrlf hnfil °i uuiapiese iiie cost will be less than Hoi nnn S^W t' ^^'^'" *»>« buUd?ng of'^hl^SS colomal cost upwards of «4S,000 pSrmuJ: 13 When the ro^ „ built it will belong to the Canadians, and we will have the who?e of these magnificent lands to offer free to tha settlers, instead of their S lock^ Jn poration. (Long and continued cheers.) THE ORKAT QUBSTIOlf OF THE HOUR I is, shallSir John A. Macdonald come back / to power or not? You will readUy answer / this question in the following wav • v^«^f f oe laid out in improvement! on the nlace > the tenant to build a house and bafn t^ i f^°°« "''.'improve it but not to cut dowJ^ of the time you come to take possessioS ySu ' find a partly finUhed house, the plastering XiTthrislie^"^' *be'pla:e^a?rrr« K^bif^St^f^Ceei-Sui^ Sr^'n'^^i'™'" ^'''"•^ the^tSLbSTS' all recently been sold off the place Yon l charge him with this wicked ZnU Jet ^ He positively denies it. and puS„ £ ' hand upon h a heart swears hedidnot So it" ' h^ .JT^""^. '^'^' ^' stretJJes'upi nis arms and sava •« Ti.n-« u y ' are dean." (Lounheers^'K.u '^ ' bring in tha neighbors to^ prove tha? k„'^ iT ^l"" ^° '^' whereupon he aj. knowledges the whole thing, but laushiW loudly says If anyone else had been fK they would have done just as bad or worse and refuses to give ip the pW tI' & « a"-Ky tartnou^r- "*«ly "«* »bout Jetting the pSi" m good condition again.* You 5-oS hJ2' ^"""i y**"' "^ *bat the whole Sm 3 Ijd ricrnf*"" T" '*' ''"«^*. f"«b! SI Md rich, peace and contentment about vodl ? when all of a sudden your old tenant tn^-^ l?as:T4^a r applies to ge^anS^ ieas-9 01 . Q place. Your wife tells von not isn i ter too absurd for conversation, but the! tenant is very persistent and pretends tW W "f- ""^^ 'r.' "^'^ discoveKn^tiS * waste, the chief discovery being of a wav D P™^,«*. «Y«7'bing.. pi of^the fidd^Sf? Muidit Batno, Ho ,.y,'l„ „„/,„„ J. i not understand him. He laugh^ff yjjl 0^" ,0^ e back / answer / : You / up I ter i.y.*'"* °*'"«' "'d thatVall,^ know about it. (Applause.) An attempt to disoover what the " National pS" meant was like the effort of the n±^in the dark cellar, with an extinguishel cai «e, looking for a black cat that wWt policy means something different everv- where you go. In Strathroy tUe 2r d*y it meant .S5 per cent, protection to »«afactur.rs. (Hear. hear. )^S the Ma^" ff ,^'V'"°^^ i* n»eant free trade CLaaghtar.) la Nova Scotia it meLsa tax on coal. In Ontario it means a tax on il wL°MT,r°^ °" °«*»- His opponent » West Middlesex teUs the farmers it doSs fontTT * ^^^ °" manufactures. In T^ ronto, Mr. Hay says it does. (Laughter ufp^^iT'-K^'' ^"°^« EdwaVdlfund Mr. Pope says it moans free trade. (Great Uughter ) Now what does it mean ? ^J John tells us one day that it me»^ a ref iS^tS'V.T^-'^ 1*"^ *»'»' wili meet the ymted States with the same duties that ii^Vmeet us-and the next he teWaph, orer the country that it does not niSn an Increase of the tariff. (Applause.) iTit ^ myth-a something that is neither fish fle^ nor good red herring? (Cheers) Mr! Boss then referred to the votes in the Hou.^ {Si^ThTf"" T"'^" ?«"»'»- for protect votes ?rnm p'?'''^*W^°"''''«°«i^«dno wick; none f«m Lower Canadf^T^ne from Britwh Columbw; none from Ma^itoba.'lMS it only received 28 rotes out of th. ««w-^ The "NationalPol^y" w«„J,^PP "T;^ rate of taxation, and a nart v tlTf* ^" l.omt.re.t. (Lo„doK)"° ""»"''• under th« nr«.^„* . j^". ™«.the money pended econ^omkiuyl^^tl^'^^*" ."^f" «' JPpHed. (Applausi^^, "we T n'of wa^nti Govoroment that wiU undertake to 3 J >-. the entiir*- ' oatside of • ) Motioas and ooal (Applauae.>< >ly a jumble the eleotora kt issue ia d, be tureen ^r to *U 3y that i» tovea from oatoh the Appl&u3e. ) party led inoe of the who h»ve f the peo- *ky who8» rs bf the w have vered the iat every n oae-hau y to the » a party traoter no 10 stands and in- n, and a desire who ho ho had tion in iisgraced was » he land, la for a ', the na* Me who ' is this in ion at lenoe in avor of he pub- Id oed and thought- at Mr. r entire >laase. ) •peech, wished mind that n able prede- better >nntry •orrow noney as ex. iously ant «. ulda ■>-. Pacific Railway in ten years, but a Govern- ment that is wiiliog to advance the work at a rate uot exceeding the ability of the coun- try to maintain, and that is what the present Oovernment is doing. (Applause.) They are building the road as fast as the revenue of the country will permit. Since they came into office they had finished the Intercolonial, enlarged our canals, and established a Supreme Court. They had provided the expenses made neces- •ary by the introduction of Prince Edward Island to the Union, and yet they had only added twenty-four millions to the debt of the country. At the same time, by their success in borrowing money at a low rate, the interest on the debt is $600,000 less than it was under the late Government. (Cheers. ) The electors of East Middlesex would not, he thought, oast their votes to turn this Oovernment out. (Applause.) The charac- ter of its public men exerted a great influ enoe upon the character of the people of a country. If the heads of the nation are honest and economical the people will be so too. If they are dishonest, and corrupt, uid extravagant, so will the people be dis- honest and wasteful. (Applause.) He had read care'ully all the utterances of the leaders of the opposite party, and he had never found a single charge of personal dishonesty brought against one member of the present Administration. (Cheers. ) The only great dividing question between the two parties to-day was protection. The Opposition had advanced it as their policy, but neither you, nor I, nor anyone else can tell what it means. (Applause.) In one J (lace they tell us it is to benefit the armers ; in another tlie manufacturers, and in another the miners, and so on they go humbugging the whole of them from one end to the other. (Applause.) What can they protect the farmer from? As long as he raises one bushel of grain to export, the price of that bushel will, rule the price of every other bushel raised on his farm. (Hear, hear, and applause ) They say it is to protect us i^ainst the nineteen million bushels oi wheat that are imported into Canada annually. Tf they were honest they would tell us that the only efieot of a duty upon wheat would be to stop the 19,000,000 bushels from passing through Canada and make it go around the lakes. (Applause.) What benefit would that be to Canada? What have we built our canals and railways for but to carry that wheat and the other surplus products of the west through this . — ,,_. __j. ^j. -juf^-iTc, TTucrcit iinus a market? (Loud applause.) But these people are willing to see our canals closed, our railways stopped and the thousands of mea employed in the carrying trade thrown idle, if they can only carry Sir John back to office again. (Applause.) The United States aud China are perhaps the only per- fectly protected oouutiies in the world. It was " China for the Chinese," just as Sir John wants " Canada for the Canadians," and what is the result ? To-day the people in China are dying in thousands from star- vation. Do we want to imitate that policy ? (Applause.) Two years ago in New York alone 80,000 working p«ople, willing to work but unable to get it, were reoeiviog charity to keep them from starving. That WIS one result of protection. (Applause.) He asked them if they ever saw anything of that kind here. (Hear, hear, and ap- plause.) Would they, in the face of the ex- perience of those countries, be prepared to adopt such a ruinous policy ? He thought not, as lone as they keep their senses. (Cheers.) He pointed to the iron and other industries of the United States, where only one out of six is in operation, and the sixth is working on short time. The riots and bloodshed and destruction of property at Pittsburg were the result of the famish- ing condition «f the unemployed working- men there, and were brought about by pro- tection. The Opposition ask us to adopt the same system, and if they did it would surely bring about the same result. It was not necessary for him to say anything as to the character of the two candidates Messrs. Macmillan and Glass. The electors knew both of them well, aud it was for them to judge between them. The one represented the one side of the great quos- tion that was to be decided by the votes of the electors, and the other represented the opposite side, and he asked the electors in choosing between them to consider which of the policies represented by the two candi- dates was for the best interests of the coun- try, and to decide in that way which they would choose. (Cheers. ) In response to a loud call Col. Walker came forward and was received with loud cheers. He acknowle-Jged his surprise as seeing such a large meeting at such a busy time. It showed a determination on the part of the electors to make no mistake this time, but to re- turn Mr. Glasi at the head of the poll at the next election. (Cheers.) He was much pleased at seeing the ladies present, and attributed the very orderly and respectable demeanor of the meeting to their presence. The eflfect was so good, both upon the audience and the speakers, that he would profit by the leoson and in future invite the ladies to attend bis political meet- rags. (Laughter and applause.) They had heard sound doctrine addressed to them on the trade question. He was glad to find that there was a subject before the electors to p«w.r th.t would "rirwXht k *" '"• t»x on coal aid t Sir ^T "^"^ '] """""^ * Strathroy .aid it mean » t«° Maodonald at on manuLtures hear hear) Zn'' "tl^ graphs to the Maritim- p '' • °® **'*■ me£,.;.noi:cl^"*oT he'^Sriff"-' ,?** .'* tor.) It is impossible to tell whkfc iJ™ "«'*" »nd it would be n. J..^ J T *" " means, would vote fo/iSf^ri'MrTr^" inSn^tenSs of s^rToi '^Sf^"",*^^ ^'^"^ '^^ views on ?he tariff chan„ ^*°^°i'.'^*l. whose geographical priLno?*fV°°?"^'"« *" *»>• thef a?e exp're ed ^ ar fe ''' ^'^^''^ planBo.) He'^hoped and beH^ved Mrr,"'" •peechhehadiustSivL^ed'l;rwL* 18 £iJl^.o'?r,i°s.r..'^rs Alexander Mackenzie h1 T • T """• a favor fro J Sir Tnh„ ^ ''^ °*''*"" a"'**"* >ur iur. uiass, which were civen xoith «., manifestation of delicht tI u '^^'^ cheers fnr f».« r! "®"8'**- Three hearty cneers tor the Queen, proposed bv Mr P i.„. •^iil