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This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film6 au taux de reduction indiqud ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 12X 16X 20X 26X SOX 24X 28X 32X The copy film«d hara has baan raproducad thanks to tha qanarosity of: L^islature du Quebec Quebec Tha imagas appaaring hara ara tha bast quality possibia considaring tha condition and lagibiiit\- of tha originai copy and in icaaping with tha fiiming contract spacif icationa. Original copias in printad papar covars ara filmad baginning with tha front covar and anding on tha last paga with a printad or iilustratad impras- aion, or tha back covar whan appropriata. All othar originai copias ara filmad baginning on tha first paga with a printad or iilustratad impras- sion, and anding on tha last paga with a printad or illuatratad imprassion. Tha last racordad frama on aach microficha shall contain tha symbol —^- (moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha symbol V (moaning "END"), whichavar appiias. ly/lapa, platas, charts, ate, may ba filmad at diffarant raduction ratios. Thosa too larga to ba antiraly includad in ona axpoaura ara filmad baginning in tha uppar Idft hand cornar, laft to right and top to bottom, as many framaa aa raquirad. Tha following diagrams illustrata tha mathod: L'axamplaira film* fut raproduit grAca i la g^nirositi da: L^islature du Quebec Quebec Laa imagaa suivantas ont At6 raproduitas avac la plus grand soin, compta tanu da la condition at da la nattati da l'axamplaira film«, at an conformity avac las conditions du contrat da filmaga. Laa axampiairaa originaux dont la couvartura an papiar aat imprimte sont filmte an commandant par la pramiar plat at an tarminant soit par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraasion ou d'iilustration, soit par la sacond plat, salon la caa. Tous las autras axamplairas originaux sont filmte an commandant par la pramidra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraasion ou d'iilustration at 9n tarminant par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una talla amprainta. Un daa symbolaa suivants apparattra sur la darniira imaga da chaqua microficha, salon la cas: la symbols —»• signif la "A SUIVRE", la symbols y signifia "FIN". Las cartaa, planchas, tablaaux, ate, pauvant Atra filmte A daa taux da reduction diff^rants. Lorsqua la documant ast trop grand pour dtra raproduit an un saul cliche, il ast filmi A partir da I'angia sup^riaur gaucha, da gaucha d droita, at da haut an baa, an pranant la nombra d'imagas nAcassaira. Las diagrammas suivants illustrant la mithoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 GJL2sr-A.r)^. v— /j^ A PAPER BT U BYRON ROBSON NICHOLSON, [ i^iiS^ President of the Young Men's Reform Club, Barrie, OnL) REAlt BEFORE THE tXUB. H Barrie, Canada PRINTED AT THE EXAMINER NEWSPAPER OFPICl i8«6. Dominion. "°'^' P°''*'°"' ='"d Prospects of our the. for nea,";Xr h^d e^d^td%"ft;~1irr°'°"'^^<'^- Britain, which h^'held Canadi ""^ cT"'T' "'^ '" <^^^'" century, the general impres^on s ext° meV er^^"" *"" ? almost always unfavorable ■ esDeciaHv Ih ^ erroneous, and the opinion which prevails' tht'?» 1 ^ ^''" '=°"'Pared with neig'Zurs. And no'^wonder for these iX'"? °" ^^P-Wican of extolling their own land as tl e most ?"o jd'' "° "Pr'"""^ they notice Canada at all it is UTaw' I^rasT t^^S/ X" moI°ia'thTc:osVtr borde' "T' ^^."<=i' ^'^ f™- ">^ "«- led to supposeTh: \t u'rted"stl^'^"^'''"'''"'^ ^'^°"''^ ■« dreary, inhospitabr :g,^'^™he inl^bitSfts^orT,' " '° •''^ =" too spiritless to seek a be ter home orto. ""''' ^'^ V'^" that othe'r lands offer greater privH^Js '°t5"°""' '° '<"°»' false impressions, and were it no fhl't T "^ ^T «=''>-«"'ely limits of a short oaoer 7 IL! w" • ? "■" confined to the endeavour to suggestll rledv "aT oU"": T" ^^''^^^' ^"^ confine myself to^s^tating a S^tnco'^ ag'^glcts TT^^e/ *'" to our country, and oorntincr r^nf ""^s^ng facts Wi h refeience it possesses ov;r "theMa!!! °^ """ """y advantages 'w» H -i The extent of Canada, and the abundance of its resources, entitle it to a place amongst the first nations of the globe. All that it wants to give it this position is a population to de- veolpe those resources, which Nature hassobountifjlly furnished. That this desideratum will be furnished before many years shall have elapsed, is evident to every person ^^ho considers the pro- gress that the country has made during the past decade, and the still greater progress, both public and private, now in contem- plation. Nor must it be lost sight of, that as a nation advances, it advances with accelerated speed. The inprovements already effected, the state of progress already attained in Canada, re- quired more energy anl enterpri.se on the p;ut of the few, who, with limited means and many discouragements, have hitherto borne the burden, than ten limes the imjKOvoments will re- quire after this, when a teemint; population, together with in - cre^ing wealth and i);)vver, will enable public spirited and enter- prising citizens, backed by free and enlightened government, to attempt and accomplish schemes of advancement wiiich have up to the present been regarded as Utopian. It cannot be too strongly impressed upon the men entrusted with the public interests that by every improvement by which any one of the many resources of the country is developed, the welfare of the whole community is promoted. Every branch of industry which is introduced is a new mine of wealth, a sinew of power added to the nation ; and every improvement effected not only suggests others still greater, but also provides means for their accomplishment I have already remarked that all Canada wants, to make it one of the greate.sc of nations, is an industrious, intelligent and enterprising population to develope her vast resources. That this desideratum will .soon be supplied the»-e is full assurance, but how soon, depends very much upon the present generation of Canadians and their rulers. At the boundless resources of Canada I shall but glance ; and a glance, I think will be sufficient to prove what I have advanced with referenee to her prospects. The lines of sea coast on the Atlantic and the Pacific, including an area which- stretches from Labrador to British Columbia, and measures nearly four millions of geographical square miles— present facilities for com- merce, navigation and fisheries, unsurpassed by any other country The numerous rivers and lakes which abound in the interior, when properly improved, will be as serviceable for internal communi- cation as the former for commerce with foreign nations. Add I ♦ 11 ♦ to these advantages the railroads, those projected and those in, process of construction— and where is there a country that affords greater facilities for railroads, — and our channels of traffic will bear comparison with those ol our proudest rivals. Canada seems peculiarly favored with every essential fDr her de- velopment into a great commercial country ; an inexhaustible sup- plyofthe best varieties of timber for export and ship building; an unlimited quantity of whatever is necessary for the equipping and furnishing of any number of vessels ; abundance of valuable products for export ; and endless quantities of imports required. In view of these advantages, and possessed of ample means for uninterrupted communication with the most distant regions of the globe, am 1 not justified in asking. What is there to hinder Canada from becoming one of the greatest commercial countries' of the world ? c r- j The mineral resources and manufacturing interests of Canada are, as yet, I may say, but little known,even to her own inhabitants; but there are indications that in these also she is destined to excel. So far as the geological survey of the Dominion has proceeded, the results are highly satisfactory; and the coal mines of the Maritime Provinces and British Columbia, as well as the silver mines of the Lake Superior region, are extraordinarily remuner- ative. The discoveries already made are sufficient to justify the prediction that m mineral wealth the Dominion will be nearly independent of the world, '/or manufacturing purposes she has resources, both in material and means, which only require to be developed and fostered in order to put our country on a par with the most favored nations of western Europe. But it is to her agricultural resources that Canada is chiefly to be indebted for her greatness. For in the variety of the produce of the soil she has few equals, and the superior quality of these products is acknowledged wherever they are known. It is a mistake to suppose that what we now see is all that the soil is capable of producing, either as to variety, quality or quantity. The present yield on the land now partially cultivated might easily be quadrupled by scientific farming ; by the same means the quality would be vastly improved ; and it is evident that many varieties of grain and fruit, now almost unknown in the country, may, by judicious cultivation, be made to flourish abundantly here, as they do in the lands where at present they are almost indigenous. Various kinds of grain once supposed to belong to more southerly regions have been already tried with success in even some of the northern sections of our country, I frosts of winter anticipate the laS'nf ^h T^ """"" ''"l ^"ere «'ng the soil, prepare it for the vario.1 P''«''u ''"'^ ''J' P"l™r- summer sun brings in due° me to^XtioT '''"''^""' ""^^^ One cannot but retrarH ^^s^h j '"^"^."^'lo"- -.played so far .^iXvaHed imlT'™""" ""^ ''''"' ""d science ndrv. th,. „,»,.„. ' .''^"^'? "nprovements of r;,„„,i.„„ ,"^' dis^lTy^d so far^XvaHed' i"'"'™""" '"^ ^'<'" -<' -i, bandry, the greater part of thiirh»TT"'' "J C"'""""" a decade. The wasf^ places"^^'?'';,!,,,^.^';" ""c *ork of scarce bandry the greater part of \vhich hrvTh""" 1' ^"""dian hus- a decade. The waste olaces „ ,, "''" ""= "'ork of scarce of such healthy innova,,''rari ^LT'""''^' "' '' "^'"-'1 result and transformed. Wav ng field^of''Vi?fi""^ '''■'""''■ '-""'^'ed ?een, each year, where comparatively nf.''"^'" "''■■ """' ^ be 'g.mes of the forest waved the r ml ht'v t'°'i '""" "«" '^c abor defiance ol the onward marcn nf >T '^''''' "' 'f i" "bdurate enced what important "hanges 1 few v^ ""■ r ^'^ ''^'^ ^^P^ and even that on a very limited scale L " "^ 1^""'"^'^ f^^'ng, Canada promises by the^Xtrv and ^^P^^-'^^f ""folding become one of the richesf ^„a^ science of lier sons to world. Lei such br^h ii^SfcaSs "^'^'""'"^ countrie^Tn'tl ^ exertion, a.,d if the s?il i^the tr ". *"?""= "'^ '" continued portion of our future wea th must fln ^ '""" '"'"'"^ "-e largest w. greatly depend upon the rkillofTh,°r k''^""' P'°S'-^^ culture may be followed as a ,im„ J^ husbandman. Agri- return, or it may be pr^ctSd Tot o? th "''• ^1''''''"^ ^"^ » =<=»' can engage man's physical and - ""f r''''''''"'^'<="«s which material wealth and abound „g'pfen " ? I""'''?' ''"'"'^''ing before honor, aud if there be dimhv'^in i " '"'.''' P'*" '«bo? labor and industry become .n^Kp^j *""""" industry, then enhghtenedjudgme^nt and U"„!,'' ""''"'• ""= S-Wance of ■ngs. As the poet observes ^ ^"^ '"'" " 'b™sand bless ■ 'eadSe^reTS !:■:;! ^o^th^'r '" "^^ ^-^'^r and the enterprise of our people The ^f.^''^"?^ which must engage he can consume, while hfthulte ''"/'?^"^man raises more thf,? creature of a thousand wanfs ft- if'i^'' '^"''''zation he is the »upply. We must look to commrrcl 'J'^ '""'' «""°' d'>cctyy these wants and to give a mTrket.w "^ '",*""'^"'"-« '° '"PPly g ve a marketable value to all our surplus -' •' produce We must foster m every legitimate way those branches of mdustry which will give population to our towns and cities secure to us a home market, and consolidate our wealth. Canada has already been successful with her foundries, tanneries, furniture factories, woollen and paper mills, engine and machine shops. There is a marked .pint of enterprise abroad in our country ; and when we look at our noble St. Lawrence, and those great in and ra"ilr'o.!f '"T}^' ^pper Lakes-which. along with ourcanals and railroads, afford such facilities for carrying on all our commercial excnange ; and when we remember our boundless extent of water power.-the certain local demand for all manufactured pro- ducts, together with the faqtthat we have a territory that can sus- tain a dense and teeming population.— We must (eel that our eountry presents an unlimited field for human enterprise We- have in our grainfields and workshops inexhaustible mines of honest wealth, and to bring it within pur reach we require nothing but the intelligent application of modern science. It is to science that we are indebted for all those discoveries, inven- tions and appliances, which have given to the world so many comforts and ministered so powerfully to our present high civil- ization that the peasant of to-day enjoys more luxuries and is more refined than the prince of a few centuries agb. Let us turn for a moment to the happy circumstances under which we are living, and see how everything around us is calcu- lated to induce private and public enterprise, and inspire our Can- adian people with love and attachment to their country. Here all even the poorest emigrant that comes to our shores, can by honesty and industry, become the possessor of broad and fertile acres ; holding their own deeds direct from the Crown ; whilst in every improvement theymake, whether of utility or taste, is adding to their future comfort and wealth, and to the comfort and wealth of those Who are nearest and dearest to them. But this is not all We are living in a state of society where the invidious distinctions of rank and fortune are little known, and industry and integrity command everywhere respect, while the . highest posts of honor and emolument are fairly and equally open to all. We have thus every natural incentive to honorable ambition, and a thous- and considerations to animate us to strain every nerve for our country s advancement. It would, perhaps, not be out of place to observe that we cannot unfold the page of history without per- ceiving that every nation which has risen to eminence in ancient or modern times, has been distinguished for the patriotism of its sons. What led th« countless conquests, the glory and renown noble entiiusiasm ied thJ Ur^^iu^^I^S ^^'^^YP^ttii^? ^^rhat cusively English. C co^r^^fj^^^^^^^ districts of England. Irela^d^r^ q '.^i^ ""^ '"^'^ f*^*" the rUrLl the heights of %lml In^Z rTsh ilT^^^^^ ^?'^ ^^^«'l«^t"y struggle at Inkerman ? And Z 'l"8^'"ary but triumphant higher honour than that of ^"n ^he ?a 'f ^^"/!^ ^^P^>^. ^ ^ the n^tcgmy of the Empire, the futur/t r 'iJ'''^ ^«^^«r ^"d cau3e of liberty throughou^hTwor "' hf ^'^ of Eufope and the , in_ this utilitarian and Lalth amw ' ""^ "P°" ^^^^ ^*sue. But of the globe, ''our swoS' hav^S^tutf '/^ ^'^'' ^" ^^'^ '•efe^^n and our^Mspeai^ "into "prunTng- h(^J"^ "^'^^^ "Pl^ugh^h&s" bormg Republic and elsewhere Lb^hn'u ^u"^ V^^ ^^^^^ ii61gh. inflamed with a desire to STn ^h^iV^^r'P*"*^"««onaIfty n those of war. and to atUin comm^.'^- ?^ P^^"^' rather than than^ military glory. May 4 s 'reT«t?r^ pr^rnm^rice, rather manifest itself amongst us JtimSL^K ''' ''''^"^ ^^tinUe to apiculture, the incr^se of our mfn.l ^ ^^P^ovetnent of btir of our commerce, and ilu^g^a^ '"^ '^' '^'^"^^^" the country's material prbsperL nr.fi .f, ^^'"^'^ cotiterh fbr old^England. who. when the w^fr^ri ^* ^^^* ^^^* motherla'nd of humanity demanded it U^^'^f.'^^'" P^P^^ and the cause «hali teach them '«to le^n wt i ^^'°^' °^ th^ earth in war 8^odrsaysAddisonT«'rthe?L??°'^V " Zeal fdr *he, puS • ^«st take the place of '^^''^ ^^«*^acter of a man of honour artH ends. Whoever l^wandnlln'tl?;- ^'^^'^ ^"^ "^«^« ^th "r p f4te inglorious neuter to h" s "Ice n T'"'^- '' ^" °P^^ enemy^r advantages wiLrwhich nature ifoTuK^\f' *^^ '"^^^PF^i'd . In conclusion I would observ/h.^"f ^^' ^^^'^^^ Wm.'*' show that a region extendinrt>ve^^^^^^^^^^^ no Argument to and possessed, at almost eve?vnartnf. "''"'°" "^"^*-<^ ft^»