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 33 WIST MAIN STRUT 
 WHSTIR.N.Y. MMO 
 . (716) •7a*4»03 
 
 
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 itkOMlia Univanity 
 
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INTRODUGtiON. 
 
 • r: JT Z "^ "^^^ clown, who fcarcelir !.«««,. 1 
 
 the firft rudiments of. Jiterature hut T fra^^ Urtu i • '''"^ "^""^"'y^ *n<Wf | 
 
 might appear (JefervinH of^L T If i ^^a"^*^'"^ * "P'^ ihat fcribblcr 
 U Jk. iVi , . ? ^"* I a'fo beared left aturbuFent feJlov, who i» 
 in^he who^e wodd, alone boi^ prieft and layman, and who think, d^or^'*^ 
 
 ' ha iTc df T k' - ^^"^ ''■ WW« in fiH, a mo^ cogen 3 
 h.,foccdarepIy that «. to prevent the imprcffion, which his le^zrlZ 
 
 make." t^cfc reafon. whid. juftified a reply to HeWdiu, will juftify thi^^ 
 
 -"f'^J^f^^ftriaure, intentionally fevere inUr to ire/iS^^^ 
 ' ^« "f °^f !-8 Wft». with which the auti^ro/Pcpery X:,nd^Z^,% 
 .mented, as phyficun, try the efficacy of 4 doabtfbl medicine on a wo rthlef. fX 
 
 jea. or tofpeak tbe.r langttage>./««/ .*^r/W/«m/^.r vih caput, if thin u^. 
 
 .«otthcacfiredeffe^onhim,theym*yono!*cr3: ^Z^"'' «' ^^^y h^j 
 
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J^I>Won8v^t ,tM!^ iiWif% ?r4.^% j^f^pfr.. fujy^,j^ 
 
 :8'*i!>^ ^^*8«f ^f* #ro #«:g«c^ the Idplof i^i 
 
 i,^^M^icaI mfemory. Pa^y i« an unjlycrfal thc!ro<5 i 
 [.■'jM?.#^cpf %pct5f^&y^^|if« inciter, 18 thathJ^fif 
 Li^cident, whifeh a|^||J|nc8 dir of thp ifift<drMi^, 
 
 |.8|^<^'<i9^*"Sy ^'fe? «lfl^cnG? ^f ihc RhctoricJj||i^|^r|4 
 
 tpn^an^cs ; i^ gives Jn?|t^t«3i 4tiip^6k',finto tQ.noljfeiift^ 
 
 l^j^l.FP Hpsji and, wiiait. hM^m^ ^mm> (^^ 
 
 liaftsi frttm Johh Bunyan, io^rq to 'the ' authQj^. f^ 
 
 fliadcs .M^^»<^t^^a54,,,|^l^|gJc,^f^^ jf !??«i! for tiic de' 
 W^^«f ffiP^<5!If^*.^gtl,|pv^^^^ to tMr 
 
 ,9f paradwg|l,^f^yff 4iM5tifei^na^ 
 
 %^^l^c Wfly. r#d .their jna«^|a}T yo^^^g^f^fi^kc 
 
 f^m^^^mflh^ ^iMr?^m^t Papery 
 »* >§diii^i^ifte<i andiw^ng^d. \V^rt#inhip^ 
 
 . »^-j»?§i%4^#nppryi» All thii Jj^'^fanmfiyiift! j|i 
 
 ^ ||iift%^t|K||^a|||;s 
 
 ^^dfg^ipn and mtcicft,or in theiUufion of prejudice 
 
^ityW» MtaW«>KB. *» T*»*^ '"'?..? W^^'^ 
 Si W the • to«*td ot thdr l^JeT: A* ri^^^^ 
 
 rhft *'^^™°/~^ ._^ w lif rf the !»• 
 
 
ipi^s crow, kt^^^ieHeci ii^tl^ qcvuriSKvWvi^^iir^ 
 tHif^i^^^l^^jii^ai^ ^lUi^ 1^ had fet U» iiaiQe,ii#4ii 
 
 g*#<^> ^h ^«»«r wpi^W ha?rc b^eo. ^i( iut^>^^ 
 ^aii^ ridicule* . Aa tq Ii«r i^^pi^u^ ^ ha$ bi^j ii>^ 
 
 have co^cicepdcd ^q |oiwr jbt«| iviOj^t^^ 
 
 fjrtunci RQt Ms fauii;* He pati^rily <^p^^ j#:pMl^ 
 ^pa i^oqf^ the cxtEaordiriaiy talenji;s|.ap4^r4?£^ii»i^ . 
 
 ^ oCth^fe Heyereipd Geilt!^nM;qvbMt has,,.y^^^ j^;la-/ 
 1^1^ a crucA diiappoi^ltnciu i,ms§ |Si J^aii&f w^i^> 
 ispi^^ o^ the wil^irof Pppery pdynii^^,^^^ , 
 fe^lgjBB^ of h^ wit hav^ apt 4i(pcllcdiW <^te^ i A^ 
 
 of apptel^nfipn, no 4iJ»b^ jfc^^^pMc^ tl^ 
 
 4i)£;%n6rai«^ ^ip^ p4jk;u|?tU4. ai^i^ ?li=f?tt^ 
 gnd vain efife^t^r i^ t<^ mv^|[dat<r <^c# i:eafe)ntftg % 
 ^ifgwnei^t, but to djf^i^ t|^. aitpiit«?W ,0C Iwj 
 
 fma the Ai*#^ u^<;?^4iib:^c^ lip-^ tib^ 
 p^ j^iwi Monks pf w^om he f^cp^ *9^^ know ijothing> 
 ^ ?o^ihc ex^pfcpf thcv ^athplic^^^ gcr% 
 
 h#^iicdo^ nptkuow ati ini^^ P|4 pofwers ol 
 
 |cpffititl^i|^ih^5»rrH«ir^hiuk* t^ cauino|fi*jiMi#* 
 
 jlwhim to fciicl tp l|ij?p«»t tti^ i^^^^ 
 
 Hhas do^^hJyJecw5<i c^i? pipui caft^or ^ it i^ falJ 
 
 duciici hJHfv to a^ ^i^^y ojx th<? pHnd|^ i«|i^ 
 W^Ijr Jindkju^kfniiijy afciabe$ lo the tiwit^ : ikproo^ 
 9fh« aflertionlhft^i^torl^^ firbin Mr. Buife'si 
 
 othpr |ivry «^^ri:^ lefe T?f tuleat than he* (Sir Richirf4 
 
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 ^^X Pnni^s trow ;*' but h(E Utaiftif gotten to *«W» 
 
 It liie 6f tbi neW modelled church. Hi* .W« ^^ 
 
 ^C&Lkvk .li^d q*lft, if there Be "™*|»,j^^te if 
 
 *•- the preteiidi W <»W^?? " 
 
 itfi^riic tooft ^^ciOvt evidcftcc. i^^i^^ 
 
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 • liiriT' 1 1 1 iiiiliiit"'illf 111 tff mif - fMrlfftifii Wiilfakir riiih"'^ 
 ^O^ilfi^ji^n fd uM^rik% l^Miiiledit BlMi^^ 
 
 
 \^ 
 
that the Pope i» AntwGbrift j, «t»»fe,WIIHMi.i ' fgg * 
 S**Si»«"b*'«' «»«« ivw gofpel only 
 
 22fl»S3SMSfc^^ft*' wilt b?c»f" ♦*fX f^» 
 
 kaaC no bopnds. Th« wr, to Wi* Of Jl»taW '^J^ 
 t^ However, f.«.ethi«g «i«ft6edo«c, ^ «l»c. 
 
 t«k|r,}tpiir. Bub. fft^;!* 
 
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 to God^tyacr hsOl bcell ^fcftt^ t ihottglit agif yii^ 
 
 I JjwwiofWiar Wfli ii*^i^tef but Ilcfctkfc Wj^^ 
 
 ^cilei^ ^^vipryday^ tirsdteis piqutd it thi torretir«f 
 
 litexptaied atid ifa^^im^ al>llfe ^ki mi''^ liw^M 
 
 m hM, wAmdAhMi t^im ib two bbola, ifWk JK 
 
 iMcitatlob. til hk rtpHf he r&|lroal*eft Lttdl€# *^rtli| 
 
 bkilii^ fitli^iiil'pri^eflided refutation iriill u&M^a«| 
 
 tofiil!boB)£e8, fo^hiftes, t^^ b^S^g^r ig^itt im 
 
 t>rop% Uffpiicd knd adVaiifccd Without ftaine. It iettiHi 
 
 fee haVeTd-vcId a» a niibdel to our ^gpiiitor. ^' I am fiiiv 
 
 brUcd*' %9 Erafin^^ to Luther, ''^^^oil^^onfiMly^i^ 
 
 jet to % titatife, i^ich cotifcaint^oAik^ hii^f0km^ 
 
 JitJderite, «*ilft you have fo many ^finieti wtofit^Ml 
 
 iroii and i^it yoU much Idb than I Mvtf doner llnr 
 
 you, fe £«2^r, i^nd for from yott k Gk%, thfi^|liM 
 
 ibiaojj, Who bVertvItekna yqii^ith V^titba, ill II-m| 
 
 ClUbtoveui.zfid ymgiOiia itfl^y t fhere am loM d| 
 
 yobr o^i, fcfti #H^ ###f0tfeiN»tHfc^u^ : « ii»^|M 
 
 y^riijillo* 
 
 ^ ifc^r *i?thc 2%t»^ y^nt^t^mk^Utmmm 
 
 mf0j. In hit ^tfendii r^titlidH bf llie^^fllrtiifloii 
 befaad advanced the^iMieft hfithd Ihd di%ilta^ ^sIk 
 
 good r tyMOTIiiiii^ to bcHevt ^ 
 
 God » jiift im§^t^mllm»m4m0^ hUM^ket 
 m; that he i||jtti^feM« i|^^ 
 
 whefH 
 
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 ,$mmm\t^/I^M 4h0^Sm^t^ -^f^^^^ 
 
 
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 found that Lutlwr's laj Wp atigii waa^as^ppofitc to thia^ 
 is^dnrknefe it to Ug^t p||t it conmUU^ Keks^ftm 
 ^?fl pivil a!i4 r#gioi|»;|tl4raipts ; that i4:>ncdle<| att 
 #QWs, promife* and obligations jthat il fixtiaguilGli^ 
 ev^ry idea of felf-dei^ial or monifiqttiqn f that it ftg* 
 f^md all faftsand abfi^ncnccs» all rules andregjda^S 
 an4.^c^pfcqucntjf enabled its proM^rs to, gfattfy thc^ 
 cravings of the bdly *o thar utmoft extent, lh# Mq^kft 
 tvere antongft the firft to embra^ it j (tay h^aroe ^ot 
 piilyhis prpfelytcs b^t hisBwft aealous afljftaatl la %; 
 glorious work pfrf forming. Hen€e in,in;)|iy partslS 
 Gcrm^y, where the difordfrs wej^gr^tci|,;tn^ |L 
 noraace iboft profound, we find con v^s|^|^i]^ 
 naftcries almoi^ inftantaneou^y depopulatedi^jM^ybefe 
 licentious. Mpiaks becqi|iingth« firft Paftors 3ElUhc 
 reformed churches in Gerioftiiy. 
 r If our caftigatop be aPaHor oflaay of thcfc,chui«h«i^ 
 ii^«ter its defcriptivc title be, he muft datci^omop* 
 of thcfe Monks, whofe bellies were alarnied by lUttther't 
 fif ft preaching j and, whatever reluaalfee he may feel, 
 hemuH acknowledge hiai for his anccftor : Becauje 
 the i^a is incoiitrwcrdble ; the firft Pafbors of |h« 
 refpiraed churches dW not fell frofa the clouds, not 
 grow likcmWhrocMm, they were the Pricfts aii4,Monk| 
 then in being, who abjured the fjuth, ^ii |l|cy 
 hid profeffedufilil tlatunluck)* period, and rnnbnboed 
 the reformed faith. ; Of all hiftoricalfaasthcfeift-not 
 one mom certain than this, k is known to every mm 
 ^ho reack tlie ^iftory of our times, i Burnet informi '^ 
 ws, tlwt, ^feftithc Commiffioners,. in 1559, made a re- 
 port of the fucccis of their vifiution to Queen Eli^irfjeth, 
 the whole. lOngAwi had reoeiTed the orders of Parlia. 
 ^^f^«5^ ^ QufWt's^ Pajlinrat lri/iru£lkm^ with due 
 
 England, they aH embraced the reformation, with the 
 «W^ii of 14 biihq)s, 64^ ,a arch^ieacons, <c 
 piiiKipalsofc«l^et,5oiJMti^^ la% 
 
 ^'"'- - • B {pace 
 
iilngedtheijr 
 
 «f tMr lan]5* aftd <|!iccft«V y '^dft #cr(i th« firft Paftors of 
 i^C f ilbnihtd ^harcliet In tfeft United Kingdom^ and if 
 4t^ i^^i||&if|y c#%h» €t<N!l^ahd cruelties Afirtth whicH 
 tllk ^M^cOkT <|kii1ge8 «K«)^ whicii, by the byfeth^' 
 %r»ttr d0^>^ Aididrc;^ It & ntii d*fl^bhorable to 
 ^Ohotlcfty ^lifeo 4ifeihii thAm, but tb protcftititi, ivhd 
 
 i^itWi^^ hi*(«iittt*i,x!rti IlkjAdrStaiji^**^!^ 
 «i&(iii^it«4 ipdkiiti irreverently of iSrbm^V; Het#y tfi<S, 
 l^^lh^ tkitgeneral jbc hid eVi^ J^dnmed to ccnfur<5 
 ti^t^0mk^ nti^m^it^ f^ tro fe» inflamed ^ 
 
 eiif%iiti6t's biie befx»n^ iti^tHuttl ^h ; but h^s he' f^ 
 pit^e^t (^ he e^-kitc>#4 fbot t^ Brftifh pai1lan#MI 
 ^griM«Bd that tite fyc^tttt%ith the moft opprobrio^r 
 epithet in the EhgUOi l»i||pMge i atm^^^ m^iO^ f 
 indniM^tfki^ieamvi^^^^ bead f Uriahs 
 
 tokftowii0ttitii|>«ftheiikan'j|ll^k»ry. the #ii^r^9«ft 
 a Hutch erf it III a few #«rili sAc fwis bbrti in ^Palt^i^ 
 b< mnd apprentice to a' flieaf man, fie^ from lilH mail^i 
 toliftcd a private foldier, fo; igtiolrant thtt he ngv*f Ol». 
 taiaed the rank dfcorpofttU *a»in the-ran^J^han thd 
 JDukc of Bourbon trahorolifly temed R<>n«^ iw t^sf, 
 Aiared iii 4hl mailacrt and the barbarttiet «i»a^lttid j$ti 
 that memorable occafion, a redtal of whkh iMkthc 
 Wtwd } theydi%r*ecthcannal»irfm8nkhid 5 bewturtf- 
 «d to En^and, engagcAat a tAdtihl fervanl iit "WSi^fMey^i 
 family'; infinuated himfrff into the good grac«« ^ tliit 
 intnguiog prelate jwai recommended to HdMY ^?l|* 
 fervid him hi fau plei^^ei $ by fhwMtoeivdiB of Aitf^ 
 Bonkn MTaintfedtothe d^iiityof Sif#ll of OakhlttC^ 
 
 Earl of Oxford, prime mintftcr in {^lt«f alJWtrs, and vicar- 
 general in fpiritna^ ; in that quality he prided over the 
 -dergy » fe i b fc ribe d, aftd prc t cta d e d t o beHeve,all 
 
 tite articlcaot Hcnry'tcrewl, though he ^witiy pto- 
 MVd the doartnei^ nf 2uinglitks $ he advif«d the fap- 
 prcffiob of monafieriei, and the iale of church iatidiat a 
 
 .^ low 
 
,•* •*. 
 
 m: 
 
 m^mho, li^ CroinwcllfiuWkiy proMc4 %^ fmot^ 
 w Oie tmh of Iiiwy*%a^ii5l€i.lw^'cfc, he piioliitaljrMtttjr. 
 Mwvcd 1 kt Mvmis, for ihc inlmmtmmt Qt tfy^ ^ 
 lorin^tioQ. It if tPiia, C^mi^i^ jd^ mott^ ^fWM^^ 
 
 thing to a wife whiUl &« nu«M^jf(*t^j<||||«^^.^^ 
 ttonsi, tbouj^ ^-^-^ -^^tllllWliill ijjiiilini ni ji liijiiL. 
 
 ^ ^%aiQM tq Ouharine ^om^ y <^pJ^ysCranmci% 
 ^ mdf ipAi^iBcatpB Aj5h O56a«j»a8,j|o antwii jiifffli^ 
 tiag^ with^nc oiqifw V tUtiiM his iii,%n^oi| *. 
 gainftOrwweI^^R,^si4^j(;84,ai#w^ foea^ftd 
 
 ^apsof di^ofipg of that fayourit^: in<ym wfmm 
 
 ^h^ J^^ai^tiacs e^^i^nrji^ i^NMw k^^^^^ 
 **P^ffion^ Hg,»^ the, ia«t iirer,, rq»o«^ |« ordfe 
 
 prtf^.%ft^c. U^w;iMfawr||wi^^atW,ri#tf«i«l^ 
 p4 ui%5w4 iii <?«^i^iai^.PFkhth<^i4wcfc which he hi* 
 ^ft ^^f5«d«<ni» Oi^ fi|<^M' withw a hfearlBfe 
 
 ^l^cso^;^ Wpolfcy, a <lfp«iiwr Of aa il»me fioii|t» J Cto. 
 fe^lH ^5 #%t ofn^,! of n^hij* ^y»i . not a«it»ljoi)t,. 
 
 N^t^^guiihthis«.e/i5. i-*4i«^ «.l,pi^r' 
 tlW^jippllufc, Tiiximt^ unimadvcrfioh foe iUclimtf. 
 ih^^hc hoiu^ ta 4ate his nedigr^ ftx,m ho«ft. 
 
 >cn, Mrb^^^:^^fi^^oj ^^ their poflcrioo$; but thdjr 
 
 |wpca ill' tl]US|W(O f Iq^jfi^fj^^n^^^ ^- f ^^1. >K., . I-, .1' . , I ^ 
 
 *- W«at 4^§j^^^gJlJ|^J;|^~||^" 
 
 truUi, th«^j^^^|j^^,^^g^,^j^ ^y have kf^ hiiT 
 ^r ^.hidi he B^ft fiao.,^ thuptelhcm. 
 
 *Pl€. p. Till. 
 
the writer In his rewark^«M»< Stanfer'sEiart. ««iS^ 
 fcaitdleaed fro«>Pr«teft«Dl *«t«W, md relMed in their 
 6^ Vw*- «ei Re^.. V. it. V. . THefe ourc^iB^or, 
 
 Slidate ot elude tfc* force p« theauthorKK.^^jd^ 
 fobftairtiate the*. M^^ t^Y »ft«r he ««»^ *« 
 there are *« roihy lMii««l9«rgym«» ^ho dej^ tlM 
 Mneral depnvityW that church, and abominite the feU 
 Ifcfpiritrf their brethren." A materiaV ,ue*ion pre- 
 ftnt« itfetf : how doei he know it * The man, in all ap- 
 pearance, doe. BotkaoW a« individual of that iinmenfe 
 
 hody of min, coB§ftlbg o* feme miWons, >f«=!'f °'f 
 the chriW.hwor«,'wh6m he. thus aft«rfam bulk. Thft 
 
 Romitt cleri^y do not fay that the naSmfter* of the 
 ref^Med churche. art depraved. Why fof&caufe^hey, 
 doblWnowit. They dbnotcbnAilttheAjmtof dwi- 
 nation. the caWgatorVinftiJ^aor j they knof **/«''«»; 
 fcirU of iUulion, a lying Spirit, mA difregardjts fuggeM^ 
 L. He even condefcen^, «<> "^"•fl**^. '^*" "^ 
 •Mbme.of the Ron^ cte^ who cher A » H^'*""^. 
 for tbefcripture.." Ppei he know any «"* ;^^ 
 wbo does )^Ot^mm clergtman would- ^^^^^^ 
 HOnA^^re as thePhoenix of the Ancients. JThdrrefpta 
 
 «d revkredce for the fcript^res ^^imJz''J^ 
 «ot permit every pedant.whounderftandsi few words 
 of Greek ind Hebrew, to tranOite them Recording to 
 
 K. own &(»^ 5 »or «»> ^^y V^^ "'?" «"*"«*?'• 
 
 .O»in.po«w»,-'to«fo to them ift*b of their PF" m- 
 
 i«ntion,asourca«igatorh».dooe,more than once, m 
 
 •. Kl prwended teft>tAi#H > otefing the work he giv« a 
 
 mnwtebl. inftanei of his ingenuity «^ ^T^r ™ 
 
 fcriptoresto. l^ik his uwn language. '' ™ »f *»" 
 
 hnent ha,h the temple of God *itM«»irf, . '^ ** ^»''| 
 
 ^biShi ml- iuHMn. Again i " Lfttle ehlMren. keep 
 
 yoSffeives^ frm iraa^tfrF^W «•«> }^J"^ ^J ijill\ 
 • is, eidiim, The Greek word erf.-, %n.fie. «« ™»8« 
 from tiil «n bh, tWferm Wrf^», fign.fiei an «W. from 
 r,</«->'B. This every man knows who knows any 
 
 /.i*^ 
 
u 
 
 n 
 
 *thing of that language V tliein:^ircd Wrkcrsji^kin^of 
 images, inVsiriably expteC* tiif nV by the clIfFercnt iaflexi* 
 pns of akw : Thu§ ^att, xxii* 3©i Wht>fe iriiage ia thw f \ 
 tinos e eUi^ndut^, *> ift Gor.* xi. 7^or tile miw otight 
 not to cover hfe head, being the itnage 3©d jglor^ of 
 i Godr Eikon kai doxa- If^ in coii^laiiande to the caftigi^ 
 tor, the aboftle had iubftitotfcd ^wfdf/wito ^|fl«, he wotild 
 ^1 have oiade man the idoi oC^od; The writer ^oesr fifot 
 remember td have fcen foimbiidept a pervctilonwth^ 
 fclriptiarcs, manifi^y tntendeti to iniHead the.'ifi^norant. 
 Catholics have a fined ftandard i/the fcriprures departed 
 In the handsof the firftpattdra i)f t^ church, ^ jhe 
 apoftles; aiid from thenit dcfeending^ regiikr fucceflion 
 to the fikftciirsof the prefeiit cfey, not th^ jfcrijptutfs ri. 
 formed, and refitted by every enthufiaft, or impoHor, tp 
 his o^n opinions, ^hieh hevgives to h]« ddUd^p|9(k>W- 
 ers as the pttfe Word of Godl 
 
 yrom the title p^ge of ?/»^rjf C6»^*m«<«/, arefut^^tion/ 
 pr fomething lil^e si rcfiitatjon of the- writer's /?#»i*»*-it^ 
 jnbo&or ^ian/er*s Examinatm\ &c. might be expedt- 
 cdi Ou^ft^e caftiga^^ofc founcl it more c?tuivci|icnt to 
 pvcrloo^tlje tfrrofi djrtd faljehopijk cbnimmJinjhem^ and[ 
 *dire6i; the d^ntianof §is ri^;^4 to the leodingf^inUef de- 
 (^atf bet%ug0 protejiants and jif^ijk.^ t^h|' not ^teU bis 
 readers that tj^efe^rmv und falfe^oodi are harmk^ ^ Ox^ 
 that a fcrioui' refutation of error ^ and fajfiboods whichj 
 have all the appi^ranc^ o^ truths and are fupported by 
 a train pf eopcitiiGYe r^foning, i* »fi aJHrming t;iiat to 
 any man, ^n inf\jperable difficulty to a mart, whoha$. 
 ^ot ftudied dialeaica? TJi*tJ|feW talcs of Popics and 
 Monks, refep^bling; thcfe ofTRobinronCJrpfoe,and as 
 jrell authcnti<;!ited/arc m()re apriufing, and as miich to 
 hispi^rpoicMt is tijie paptffs difrcgard theie tales ; they 
 teil him, that fuch tales, tp %^from being leading points 
 of dcbaTrbctwceS^f]teB^iff|"and pipiiti; a^e^tepcniiir 
 pf debate at all ; that their truth or Mehood U pedpiK 
 (y indi&reotj that to amufc hi? rea^rs with fccK 
 
 ■'• ' ' \ ■ ' :•;■;.■ ;■' ■"/ i- tales 
 
 •pre. p. 4. v 
 

 -T^ 
 
 tal€ii$ aplUfiit f^bt^rftoge, ^Wch fiicws thajt he has n% 
 
 . Coi^ reafoQ tOQ0«r, d4iF% <Jcfcn<jc of to own ops- 
 liimil, 9r in oppoftion^ ^. Ui($ 4Q£lriw^ wbicl^^ lie pr^^ 
 liend&tQ refute. . » , » 
 
 Aft^ a preface pt nine ok^ ten fagsi * in which he * 
 §roj^(ely l^viQup^ his cooc^e^ apiaiadv^ilons on the 
 vanity^ the ipm-am^, thf calumnies^ ^ errors dindfijfih 
 koods of the writer, thiaLca^gjatorjwocecd^ at ^ngth t«>4^ 
 difcwft the extnrdimry cl^. c^ the Sjte of Rome, |t i$, * 
 rather omipouj that his 4<'fi Une ih.ould pontain a pilpa-. 
 hie Oii(lal^ : t^ejr are not the 4Mraar<ii/iary^t the^rf/*- 
 Mry daim^ p£ ^at See> w^ch forp^he fubjci^ 4>Cde^. 
 bate between prot|^ants a^d ^?4^tfsi>i \^hc caft^atpr 
 (^snot^enn lui nnderi^and tl*e C^^ oi^the ^efticu)^^^ 
 liie WEiteihadd &id, in hisr^arka on !^r; SlanHer's Ex«,V 
 amination^ tha^ ** there is a^ great a certainty o|rcter\ 
 having been at Romp V t^^ he v^rpte h^ ^rft. a^ ^eco»i^ 
 i;piftlc." Th^ ^ivcs great o^nce to the ca^i^tor. Thi 
 
 ^writer, wrilhont heiitatioiii t^peata the a0*ertipi}^ and fub- 
 folns a peremptory rcafirt : that Peter was. \at Itomei jind, 
 ma^ he wro^c his %ft ari^ fecond ^pfftle, are ii^s, the. 
 ^crtaioty of ^hich refts oa the^^ authprii^hc unin- «. , 
 terruptec^ iraditioo of ages j^ the li^ls art!; therefore ' 
 equally certain^ /J^'e^^^^ or a bad 
 
 he^irt, who dtf)i<ex, it., jifiiiglpsitidn perhapa 'flbay fijgged 
 fortie 'filly rcaforts x6 "feiiidc thd force of this reafonine^ 
 but' riot owl to dSrpro^e % In the fiine paragraph the ci^ 
 ti|(atpr cither ihtenti6na1!y<tiiftaljcS,bi;grofeiyblUndfcH^ 
 " The certainty of this fs^,*^ he ^s, '* does not, as thi» :'. 
 
 , i^riter imagines* prove rtilrious to "the tc&i:med fy^em.'"' 
 The writer imagines , no fuch thing. Th<i cert^nt^ 
 
 , ()f Peter^ having be'cn at Rotnc, or Jei^fileihj'bie Anftpchi^ 
 or etf^wKcrcjf is not the fa^^ Which the Writer ftaicd ^^ 
 ruinous of the relbrme^ fyftenj' buf tjie cerfaihij/ ifteftf^ 
 bavin^^M id Mi Sf^4 a(^9fM^ind ti-an /ktifed ^ i s ^kor iiJi_ 
 
 11i»frea(oiis there adduced to authcfilJiite th^ faft, ^ri? 
 jkK without i refutation. P<e; tstter # not in^^^at^ 
 
 -■"^•" - '■•■■■;.. '- "*--'' -'■■-i^tiiM?. ^ 
 
IIIJI JJM ' ^ r . IIIIMlll II I ■Ml I ■ I II.MIIWI^ ■! 
 
 fnit to htl ftewjllbr, hisauAotlty to^ftfed ihi^i Bo^ 
 they arc noi Ills flodt who difdalin thfe atfttority : nt^ 
 dcrpretenc^ of dircaihj^ his reader's attention to iht 
 leading fu^eat^ debate, the caiHgator intrc^liicea at^i 
 of fttei^|rc«,^ to^crtirurtb ^^ks ot 
 
 Sim6D the mapidati, jrnd Of a cJiait bdi^ reverenced 
 there on tile 1 8th (tf jintiary, oi| which the labours of 
 Herctles wci'e difcot^red in if6a.^ It i« dotibtful, whe. 
 ther Igriorance or trlificc bfcthe.more prominent feature ^ 
 of this ndicutos m, the ch^r which is bverenccd oi ' 
 the iljth of Jantial^;^ a Mival in comtncihoration Of 
 the foundation of the Ajwftolkal See, in UtincalM 
 Cathet^a, Drhidi has no f<ffereticc to ehaxrs or tables ;^ > 
 therte is another fcfti val In conmiettrohition of St. Peter^ 
 chair at Anttoch, on the aid of Feb* See tfec Rpmih 
 tile^ndar. thus Ignorance and tttifice tomMft^d f^ 
 with thj; cr^dtilitjr of a deluded people, whofe pride is 
 »^ttert^ in Idling taught tO btHeve thit tl»ey the?^ 
 ^^cs aryie only conjpetentiudges, of what* thfeyilo 
 otunderftand. '''-v'^ ■■';,';-^'- • -- : :;•:.■/' . " 
 
 in <iv^ry ige of the church ihcfe have bceii, aid; tliere 
 yet ire chriftians, x^o cijlebr^te the anniver&ry of their. 
 baptifni,1n gratitnde to the divine goodnefe for tkfh 
 adoptio^,and If dicfe new modelled chriftians doijot, 
 t ^ bcca^fe they have wandered fo far from the m 
 wth. ^ fo^eeply bewildered themfelves in the labyv 
 inthof^ey,thw they have' not only loft fig^ 
 ^e path hut of all the land 0|arks which diftinguifli It. 
 EVekhow that.a,Mival itf tomtnemorati# c/st,P^ 
 :er s chain or fte fcxaltatibn of that apoftle tothe fitw 
 f i^^^Tf -^* ^^ '^^ ^Wftiw church, wis ceiebra, 
 ^^^^ft^^^^: we have yet ektant a fer. " 
 
 caVedflFatti the Ancientsthe name Atf/*,</r» orAwr 
 
 ' ^ have 
 
if 
 
 is chtirfe|ies cekbratc ti)e annWierfary f no/^m^ of t^al 
 foil , uiidi the ipoftlc received, for ithe , falva^ion ,^ 
 ciiurches, the Lord %iii$fi '«l^cm aft Peter, (Tarn*; 
 j^nd oti thtf rock t* m^ill biiild my phurch." THcXQrd;y| 
 ■ihcrcforc tilled JPet^r tii«! foundk^n of the chijrch, land 
 thsrrfore, the church i^ighay hoi^iora /<«fiU thi^ iouiida- 
 Kon^ oti Which^ ithe iieighth of tKcccdcliaaiG^^fice 
 rifos* Wc havciaWb a: iern^w iof LcatfeiQreat on thft 
 lame (ul^ea^ in >bieK he'lays, thit wf pj^ht ^ tp ije^ ' 
 leVi^atc the ftftival of lit feetcr's cHairj as >yfuUy as the 
 fbiilval aiU$ niartyr^oBn j fe iay^he, " as by the one 
 he ivas excited to a, tht0i»e of glory the hcav«ns,fo 
 by tfee other fie was ii»iiituted hefd of the chmeki on 
 earth.** We iistve yet extant four (crmo^is? peached on 
 the anniycrfary ^ hB acceffionii to the digpity of ih^ 
 apoftolicaV ice, by thw fxfptiflf, flii who^ dj^s AntichriCj 
 iad not yet jiiade his apiiearaiice in itoroe, tf Wc believ^ 
 ^roteftant writers. lEven ti% caftJgatcJr 6Ns his cowing 
 ajfeer the death of Gr^orf the Oreat, who was thf 
 twentiiih Pc pc in lucceto tp iJeo,'a tnoft yhicky »ii^ 
 take^ Which has iiiv»»lVc(l rcfornfied controvertifc iii ' 
 difficu^ies iroKi which .there is no e^kfion, Why fo? 
 meaufe this ponti^v in his wOrk$, umycriallf acknpw- 
 fcdged ^^e^ui^e, teaches all ^hcfc doftrine$* ?«rhieh the 
 reformed Churchcfi reje^, and pretend tb be the invci|. 
 tions of; Antichrift : the real prefence of the body of 
 Chrift in the encharift, foe Review, p. 23 r } ttie public 
 raGrifice»an<i chehenediaionoethc<;hriaTi.(j) In 
 ter he complains that the violen<:e eaferdfcd ^^ E"' 
 tycfclians i%Alexandria» had inten upted the offerH»g ^f 
 theiicrificeiandthebeBcBiftionof the chrifna. U kh 
 letter to the bittiops of the province of Vieme, he ftate^. 
 in ft^^g tcrina, ly primacy of St. Peter and the authori- 
 ty of the Romin Seej^^th^tf thority lie htrnfetfex^ 
 ercifed over the chriftian worii as appears.; from his 
 works. He frequently rccomroends hinp^^sij^c faints 
 
 reigning 
 
 i J . * » 
 
 •Serm. 15. d« SanA». 
 '(i)I?p. las. Edit. qaer. (a) Ep,.io. 
 
;i ■■■ 
 
 fdiivce liii tlieit'iiuercelQQ f^yf htliipnorf their reUqi 
 
 and f^?<rirs;/W^ rie Veto of St. Paul, 
 
 fainted on the t^e^xn|iii ^^Mc Wlc the imagai or 
 
 Chrift knd' tBc tWciht^^-fcrUr Elders (4). Me plateti at ^ 
 
 j^ulchrW of th^ i^'itics, gWdiao|» in tatm a 
 
 i^f^et'ariu J^t JftiJ^t. ^. H^p. 16^ Hccalli tte 
 
 of the lent an apoft61ical traction/ (5). Ji^ a letter 
 
 a^dfclc^ te%eddbrb^ btihb^ JMW^s, on p^nince, he 
 
 iN^liinindi that prcki'fr for riot applying tohismctrOf 
 
 Pblitih ibrinftruaiofifiiithe firft ^lac^ V^^en^edefcnbei 
 
 ifie orddr ioT adihWftcnng that jacraitfi»t, <^^ 
 
 iitisfadiiVfi, and reconciliation. Penance^ he ^f^tis by 
 
 ^ihe minifti-y «f the ^aftw^ j b&t by the ^w^ of Jef^i 
 
 '^ftand the gift blf the Holy Ghod. Th^ r*N*yV 
 
 j lie fey», * is for tfec livingr^ot for thi dead, w&6 havi 
 
 [. ^gieaecT^ it: i>hilft life tbntintics w^ att not to let 
 
 bounds ^th6 ithcrcy of Gbd : penan^, Uld'«fore, miift 
 
 Inpit^rdrtifcd tblSnnef^ irithigrcateft'ekremity,w|0 
 
 ifcfii* it, if ihcii^ 'cpnvcrfioii l4 fe^rd lliislcttw^ 
 
 ^^atcd on i^c ibtli^f June ; 4sK(Si l^is iacrao^ 
 
 !s not o£ Antichrte invcntibni as it ^aS in uifc before 
 
 'tea's days, the impoftbr whd rejt<aed it lis ufeic6 lA 
 
 i5lf, tWis, in all appcifaniCie, oiic of his idVattCcd guard. 
 
 In a fehcr iddfcffed td tKe biffiops of Caihpa«sia,and 
 
 the two ft^boiiriiig provfhcisljf aamiilunr and feccn- 
 
 um in aitc^hel^of Marfch, 469, Lcoieprimandl 
 
 thofe^prclatek for obliging foitie pcmtcntsjto mikc^pub- 
 
 lie tonfdfidn of their Uns^ kft otlicfs^fiGuM be deterred 
 
 by ihattJti;ior the fear of their chemies, whomigtt inj^t 
 
 l^te a criminiUctioti ott their cdnfeflion. A is ejaough, 
 
 ^%s^e, that fiuS be <:onfetfcd to God, SdtoVprieft, 
 
 lna:fccretnia£lh(ner,(7). * 
 
 Bdwer, the reformed Jcfult; in hjw Lw^Y J^, fays 
 
 i^^te/* hi* waa^ sidtibs^^m^ A «aa of«x^^ 
 
 ^^^^tsi far fupettd^ ^b all who had governed ihaf 
 
 ehttrlfllgfdi'e itlin^ and fciite equalled by any fiocc/* 
 
 / »i , . G ^ ,. Thouprh 
 
 (6) Epw. dc 83. (y^Epis. 156, , ^ 
 
 >< 
 
^f^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 »hr writer )ty»>ws no wvrfc beirer calpil»*4,tp ||ilatmi 
 
 
 Mf ^o^ >f n proved V tftc wt^ter ia his RtmzfU ^i 
 
 rt^m^/nSjtnconifa^^^ thepiroof by ^hji^ii 
 
 this the caftig^or pru<te^ pa(|cs ^ifotlce^ a?5id ^ 
 t|hds tobprrccl aqUdutidn from Eu^biiM, and a c^ 
 
 l^^iter tiegsKave to urforpaiim. Out t|t 
 'irtt icliare ad^ikcd arc tii%da^ 
 which cither idadvcrtfencc br^^lfe' ^Iqct^oMt i 
 ^rea the diij^'pi-ooK If EJiifi^ii«ii^^^WTi«X ncv^ 
 "tfi^il ?i|»^^ tlot bf ^ic Vi true thar Peter was 
 at '^.^^If^;^ cotild tKat'univerfal tcaijitipi), wbisii 
 ?"«%^H|i|>^.t*ic )e& wa^jwftionaWc. T^m 
 
 Greek «i^ftcrW,the fourth ccnlaai;y, ^ho had <icif||^ 
 
 '" ' '^'-. ■ '^ '/;/."< J •, \^- J^^ 
 
. ' . ^ 
 
 
 
 srI 
 
 5^'li 
 
 ♦fill 
 
 !t*!^??«T force than a« (kted bv the^ir^n 
 
 pft miiy mice tlm Oftti cwifi^flo^lf *' 
 
 S^B?» "« #i««^r Will h,^^ 
 
 iMB^Jl'MJk^'^iSP** Babylon." fi 
 Eft Of Rome Bi6v(oht»li{W~i,-Mi./-ir •»««*' 
 
 U^^'-'^^"^' ^ «^ ibe h«nf the 
 
 ^ftK 
 
 Id? 
 
 .,^: 
 
 ?,^m^,chatPaph,aswas^„^^ 
 
'^ 
 
 /^ 
 
 It\f of Kttfe conference. wli<?#r tii^hU$ uNm^ <^^!^^ 
 |»rary w|tMhc apqftlcs, when it i$ c«ftam tbtt be wa^^ 
 inlirU^te^ % their iname^ ^^ %! 
 
 UOt tbf le^ Vfiie thiit he w^s cotempqrary ^ith fome ofy 
 tiwem : %. John 4<5 l^vangeltft diiei a^ Ephcli^ in th^ 
 year 99 of our mz^ and f a^iaf :wa$ l)i(hop of H^eroj^ j 
 pafesmlPhfygia, in 111, t|wt" is whrc ycfifs after th^| 
 dcatli of the cvangelift. If we (bpp^fc him at theagcof 5«^^J 
 yeari when !^ ms ctioicn^ i^^ muft h^yc be^ ! 
 
 near 40 when Jbhin 'died. AAi'hc^hcr the commencemei#. '] 
 oi, our Mri he corrc^ or n9t, the tiojc cJajjffd bctwedn 
 
 l^hiai WM s^ a^|i^ 9rf Joil^ «^ Eph^^y 
 
 ^^Irtmeaktii difciple of Jefu* arift, k U ^ c^^ ^ 
 jcdWca thatlhls John was not th^ .evangcHft, becaufe 
 Paphif^dtcd^fc^ Eufebuii, '^ys, " ^ did not approyo, 
 - th4^'1iiiW many thii^. ^^^^^^ |H#» ^^^'^^^ffe-^ 
 tl^^ffif nor ^hofe who rc^at^d ftrj^nge jjr^epts, »li|,^ 
 thote ii^ho related the preceipt^, whi^ the l;ord ^^ . 
 '-•^loii8,*^d vhici^frocce^ irom trtitl^ itif:lf. U" 
 icflijnc', i^irho hsid foUpwqd the ai^qeotst t^jB^ajd 
 . jatfhey jjiii^ w^a^ ^i| Andr?;^^ or P«*cr, />f^ 
 1 0^ thomw, or Jjime?^ or J<?hi?, oif MattHe^, ms\ 
 dtfief of the difciplcs ol our ^fd^ what Ariftion 
 4iirf or>hp th<? plddi(ciple o( (Hir l.or^ Whether 
 this John bci|\eeyang;cHft.oi[^ot, which is\nerc matter. 
 
 Hf 
 
 iraui cans Anuruiucy^ a#%jk juu*m^ •H#v»..^.f.^ -.-,y ^..^^^ 
 contradiajfc as well as the fp>rit of d^yination derives 
 this caftipon ;#chaye from the hvftory .cf Pji^t^ 
 what he cifcsnot wifh to know, that ^^e 5,^--^*i«^*^«» 
 
 tl 
 
 their words as'Wcll as their writings were colleacd by 
 
 ccflbrS ; hence that injiincHon of St. Piui, to ^s difdplA 
 Timothy v *' thtf thin^, whi^h yon h^ Ikakd frm 
 
 
..^*ft.' 
 
 tiquity ;>«<|:d«^ re(eaf<:ber ii| the ^mr^^^-hf^i'^k 
 
 >;a$ o»|led Bifbylqiiit ||«iBig)it find :^0ab7!Qi)> M^dipif^ i 
 flife Oir M<fllir«» for .a^ito. ■jh#, . y|i|j|^«»;^i^ ,| infef^Ml? 
 will fiiid it difficult to find a Bibyt^WW thert or'tiij^ 
 Syriii;Vhiehi <;orFef(iQ||d« ifttii. '^ Jwlnils def«rij«idi, 
 thil|ii^tb)»t^ op feyeq bilbyi|i|ijBdq^iiiaiktiftg^ king^i^ 
 tl^letflth. ICiifebitts Q^;iKsftr|^ppc^t^^ %- 
 
 naiHed S<^e|ici9 . Biit vJilfiti^S'flllpii^ 
 candour, hmi^ yctfediiW |i||»WTi : mud jint|<|iiily tlsifi W>' 
 
 1^^ itiifeMne iia«ualli^C# Wit he/w^te t]hj^ q^iftfo 
 
 fr9l^i3<||^5*f>»'^^ ijiitit|«|^ Wiili^) iia^ - 
 
 f^en^lp i|iort|^l^^iio^c^^ Paoiii aiiiong||4 
 
 ^urJiiqgihifioearto^ WhaM|ipi^^^|Pl^iQii the <5*ftigat0r '^ 
 jn^yl)i^^fhitiS^)ldi»iQO»^^«lt^^ ait^M^ect- 
 in?»:Of ifci? modrf|^li>A^fi««di^ be- 
 
 fore he had s^tt^iaed thp agiidfi tWny ycats cpntnkii^ ^ 
 EufeWus a Ofc<ai- wrte ndir^Iw cWc of the thfrd con- 
 tuiry>-€)fwlw>a|ifi8;^Kl ^mff^ k»ew ail ikat'^'umM Writm 
 
 thcGomnjea^Wciit of umr ^i^i^^jiriySar of Con. 
 
 thq4w4|E of-^hlonology, ;.^^^-, ", . , 
 
 I^i^iUlMit confine. hi« (Iriciucet litjAjfttlltiu : )ie 
 cci^MWd. with Aicll, pctuUofe fwcritjsjic jftyla^ ^H^j 
 ^|o^^>^i|gmilHi1tiii <if ijccMiaftim^witcrs 6f ai^ 
 «iqH^y|hat Boffuft, tfiecfifebrMtd bUhop of Metux, 
 
 "■+1 
 
 HarMy.xHert fttch-bUhop vi^ Paris, who obliged _ 
 
 obliged 
 
 • %.T\m*\u%^ 
 
 ^*^ 
 
twmti hxv^ been a&ribcd by^juid t0m::Amf{$mfii/ ^ 
 Mb di^jfttjanj by fltbcrrfjitoirc^Hir not ud|s^i©iiQ«iy^* 
 
 ^f*^» o^liis eiteimul^ iMwRidii wore pH aHNifNiii 
 
 .tpfflifi^ <;Q<^Mid<»-ti^ i»<^mig»g#i>h a#i&feY)»fft 
 
 Jjewaf m nmnr^her eitfe£ai,||«W ||li Roii«<^i|^ 
 Wfctiw^piii^eitertiontilrttfwJW 1^«lii^W^||ii^ 
 
 writer did nqf ftttis it as s^ coybqueoAf Im^^^M^tmtSl^' 
 
 it^S^ (It ^n-: C^t thfre - ^ — fl ^ - 'ryniiil|jj||ih"'^i 
 
 P<{tet dM^^bli^AiiiScc at •-"^j>-t'tlir^feiiS^iii^ 
 are #in<ielf ifdiiiiBci This propofitloa -h^- hiM^0if9^^ 
 
 wh^f^^b^ifli ft, All fyppofitiofw Iff XkiliQ'tNl^^iW ' 
 int^iV<J M^ that hi^^tSda^ ^^J&mik^d^mmi^^mm: 
 
 pifl% diHi^cveit ? Thit it wai;ixrlMVed> i^ tin? dirH^a 
 world when LutBcr fii* ^p|pi#xifthc t^^ 
 
 That it wa» ^iflpi(iWI]|^a«&if»f4 
 
 fourth c^ncU pf Laterad ww /-;fc.kvni^ta=<.i 
 
 -Ici^tne'f tin^, tbaNi^i^i^ililMlpiiiMliih ilM0M- 
 chnilian world ? Tha^ at the cdetn||i||igMw#^lid^ 
 
 coui^l we fcav<?tn public iiMNiN4i#i«Ml|£|tf; th^^Mte^, 
 nuQco'ld and itjcty biihpps,. ^^^^IMMiMWNiHlfiili^ 
 can.8,<«h|f bcKered k. MlTiii tint cM^Sm^f^^^^^ 
 his fnwiil tett^ y. w Hgrt -or^ " ' ' ^ 
 '^Hi^ firft p& of the coundRf ^kalcedorf, ' «4iic1i iji^ 
 
 i^nd^s a lawfttMlli^ 
 
 r tit 
 
 • p . If. 
 
 t rf ■■*■ 
 
 -Jf-,.?^,5:1*' 1^ * 
 
 1kL^^ 
 
I*™"' ™'"»«RlMi«fe»»il4l Imtttm in tin middle fte. 
 
 ,4|«Bfi» of AeEaftj .rffblktto, of Afa. Md iSace 
 in tbeir order- on »k* .;_i.. .^.^ inrace, 
 
 r ^'*^»» ««*«>'Othe!r Mflibbs of Etnm « Af »kr^ « 
 
 fnd ^rSJES;^"!!' •'■'er'' •ip'^p<*« fi^ 
 
 
 il *®reek, ^ 
 
 giftratoi 
 
M^ 
 
 other |e^tc,:rcpHedit" hk mili#«i«» «ifaoitot^li(« 
 m^mttkt. He hMy^pfdMmm^^^^h^^ 
 
 ^^noijS o£ the titfitchi HiiMI, «bc*«rfofti, qukt«(| i 
 ; l&le^ |)y<«;4firjG^th«magiftKjftc«. ludi^^i^^ 
 
 f ; »crfe yv^ h^v» ywr moR aiy^liitc cvid^ci ^pon^ 
 cord,*rf thcWflaop of Rome's juriilcHaidB otcr^> jfe^t^ 
 es, a^^aiwlf c|gcijratid'€3Sctdlie4 Hi i>r^nc^l|iiiP^I«pr 
 
 JUelnj in prcicnifeof'^l^prdatesf feh?ea^#^^ 
 ')4p^Fi^ |rf tbefe patri»nii». if tlic |io(li§|r3iwBlp^ 
 J^cfi, doubtful, if thei^ h^d t^8» |»o«l«my qf coitteft. 
 j^, hr WQUld* th^y s^ h>ve thtis tMiiKly acqiiicfc«sil»? 
 I^lf^hi no^ pofcoriw iiid hi»^M«t» at Icaft, have itsMed 
 ^ ? 'Alley had the moft cogj^imtrreSrfom, and ihe ftr^igcfl 
 S^Uaation to dccliftc it, if t»dy cotfld difctovc* artf^iiPv 
 
 . lathe fetoiici Aaolthat Go<incU,pft tl^ fixth of tht 
 
 JUkj^ ^ati&,thcicrtth of the month of Oaobcr, whe<i 
 
 the Sopc'^ Lcitcf K> the eoweil was rfcad,' Ji|«^Prclate« tM- 
 
 s claimed : ** tbilt is. the f<Mth ol 6ilr faihe«%f nhfiaith of 
 
 ^ihc a5|om#|'we lOlMeTcib; Peiet has <pok«;p hy 
 
 ' MMMmm^ btlli mim^^l^^. ^ kndw the , 
 *4^i^ taught in Cenftantindple and IWe '^ ^^ f^^ J 
 
 %. ho occupied iil Xkt fm^^^Bm^Utmmfml 
 
 iJ^order «#|i||cc^fw:e inlllfie •ffeiHWtakr Did theft 
 
 men, 
 

 ff^t f Di4 thefc men, the Writcll 
 
 Ijieir worfci are iif^^t . . , .^ „,^„, ^„^ ««»«£ 
 
 ^ecem)rs > pid tlley %qw nothing of [^i^drhi^ 
 taught in the diocd€s,.pyer wiich the^ pcefided, WtW 
 |r thrc^ centuries hcfpre ? All rcaibning k loft on ^ 
 |san VKho prrtends WtcHev^ fuch an abiirdit^ i and t^ 
 |aan who U duped ^)y fuch rionrenfeis rather in 6tyea:j| 
 cpntctnpt than p||y, ' • ^ 
 
 'Of the many authorities adduced ty {he wdter ia^ 
 leniarks on Br. Stan fer's Examination, the c^ftj'gj^^ 
 ^8 th^ are |)Ut tm vfh^ wrpte beioreUc fourth ««»• 
 W - "^f ^iJ^^^#^^Nr4HP^cIktes.a|fembk^ 
 l^un^iVof Chalce^pn : they liad in tibiir haoils tM. 
 writmgs of ty^ grede^flbip J and, through t^,'^^ 
 kno^ Iheijii J||lie w^^ hWnot cited many writr- 
 ||e feton4|pi^W UlibcGiufc theje are but 'few 
 tcrs.c^ the three firft centuries, wKofe works M 
 tranfaiittt d to us. fheife were no printers m thein 
 T^ |^F» Wl»<^''^ture4iQ write in deifcnee of chri 
 |y, j^Qufined themlelves (Q ctiabliqi tjie divinity of C 
 ^o«^>ud to juftify their faith aga^i^ the fkife U, 
 :atiuns of the heathen phiio(b]phers : for chri{iiaiat^ 
 ^n^f it IS noi^, groisJy:mifrepre(;imM. Xhel^ 
 )lMlo%hers declaimed agaliift jhe abomiaatiop^ jtap 
 'irruptions of chriftknl^y ^ndter the appeliatio^ns of ^ 
 rflitiota andatheifm, with as inMch vliulc^cqas new 
 lodellcd roimftcrs declaim againft the fame chritonity. 
 nderthe^pp^IlaUonofpoperj^. .$„t i^thewrlter did 
 
 :^l* r*"^ ^^y ^^cnt writers, whofe Works a^it 
 t jn Im h^inds, h? hai^tcd their immedlati lucceilbrs. 
 
 whofe hands th«y were, the Euiebius's, the JeromesV 
 
 Auftms , the Optat|*s's, &c. To them he refers (fc 
 ttip^^r. Do«i he pretend to refute the tcflimonyof 
 en whooccaficmaiLir tcbtg^ w^t tK^ ^^>fH Unr '^ 
 
 «m<^ imajmation. if pot defpair. fuggetts ioofh/^^ 
 |«iMiiC« " refource: 
 
' " ■^. k" *■ , 
 
 
 j^iHorttrflife t^tii^^^ii iSl^^iftft ^ iifeauiioiil 
 m.mtnt^^im^pr igl^bfciiificffe, IFbrqcd to i^Sk 
 iippofttirc or illulioii faftctis on tt,^ a^ ^%M%?? jf** 
 
 5^il1iJ^i«ea,^ iritlatois, c^prcfeoris ir^ b^'dcteTihin- 
 i^ m iU ^Mi6t fafetftit^, tH«S toKJ of t6e Writer, irid tU 
 
 ^(^te bt-^fSHifeL >^^ iitrt lent % raeri, wWMk 
 
 ftcv^ji- i^yfo tll^lM^a^lon, m WA are e?^*' 
 ^dfldcrtnailtt^^om Ai Ifie^orai^cndm^^^^^ 
 fpllW^nttatyil^ there WaS p^tbme r^&^m 
 ^ftM^ii^y, thl^pi" #a4 adopW : ine^Wlpus cxpreffi- 
 ^ff, irti4 mfutat^d Jiafeg^, i^«r^ tittt irom iat^ 
 \ .iPft^td Jttili^ t^e l^ir^teiicc ohi-evwiiig primitiv^ 
 
 dici ' fl«rci% i^ak a lartgU^|^ifiicK Sif m not 
 
 liptniedV Without ftiew itootftmng tfcc whoW^f their 
 
 #brks, a^ mholh^ then, as they are jet, p:c |c«|- 
 
 M df tliir <^h Htptdi, iiC tieih^ difporcdL to ,pSts 
 
 inmi^m^ k a^bpllc^l aircepltoh, afi^rafewinefw 
 
 ^-§^ ^1^46 r^mn ^ Fafchers^tH<ix were peace. 
 
 vetoed to thetr pld R6ffeil()rs, And a^ ippcal inadfe 
 
 i l^tfc*' ifenfc. Tlie caftigator tBnks he may 
 
 #^||J-^|^f^ ItiftHto^^ors . lite %nter rfi^oot* 
 
 frfdrS^m a <^#efal pcrufal c* the worts i^^ccm 
 
 MtfiCtaiftJIiiaiflbciatcs, the century writers of Mag- 
 
 a^Vfeh. iti the ititubatibiii of theii mtmtpm l-e. 
 
 formerly 
 
 
; fefimcrlL h^ ^B fift(|v|^ j^a^tbus c;^|)refliQn, an| ^ 
 
 ^ truth be diftort(94 miti^ppi^9^ tK^j^ 
 iiut l^e iji^uft at the £\me. timeadLvtC^ ^im not ^ ppefl^ 
 thVwor^ of thcfe ^iv^eflt|^wntf:rs, if ]w;un^^!||m^ 
 ,tha/langu|iee, hew^ t^emt ?ncoirrieibie Mpitfc 
 
 ig celfba^jiiid good Tories, ifec. a)} thp writer q£ ^hcfti 
 i^niarks. Tikjj cafftJMtpf, th^rcforje,, iii;^fl: confiiie hutife» 
 Wrfad th^ garbled padfages extr^j5fedfrof^,th|ar |^or^ 
 by Ftaccu? flyillciis. With his cominentanes oii;thffn,an^ 
 be wiM be fatis^ed t^^^^^ they^erc ^11 good prfVtefta|»ts, 
 one thoufand yea,rs befor? t^ere ^as a prqtertanC in tl^ 
 world. He y^U ^lia |nd^ iii the woiif^V^at ^l^jjri^ 
 refprincr^ a trcaj^ife, in wl^ch he demoilflia^f^ mm 
 Vfual wa^^ that the pat)a£y is an inv^tiopJoC thc-dev^ ; 
 ih?it the pope 18 the dw^ hioiifelf. Jl'isoot eaftr toi^ 
 c^pncHe tTj^is omnion^ with the rcc^ivefl Qpinipn of prot ' 
 aji^s, th^t ihe|>ppc K Xntichrift, for, afC^ " ' * " 
 '^dA asi he is^ i^ not th^ (djcvil rphc rev 
 in J^ l^te publipijorijj^a* refdrniied this j 
 tinii^t ftoh^parte 1$ AntjchrifL* i| ftinis t 
 ^^d thfs pppe J perhaps, ifi tl^e couffe" 
 ^perfwj^ ttic ^evii hiipfeliF: Tha Writ 
 fla^yy will pfoye top Wdf6t%s. Future ages ^l 
 fe^Ci^y l^^ that, in our d^lys, humd^rcduHtyii At 
 fpi>i|t pf iucli npnfenfc. Or t^af fuch gto^ immmare 
 '|puid find 4upes. ' / 
 
 Xhecaj|ti^at6r, In imitation of h» frie'tfd IByrlaas, 
 'diflprts the paflage adduced fW)n4 Ifrencus : this fat^g^^it 
 we' lje|lcvchijn, appears to have been a ftrangpr t^ 
 pamci^Ar reladon to the R^omanSec* ™§ll|Mr3Ri^8 
 to deduce fropi Ircneus*? words : ^ The We^d sifb^^ 
 Perq^ ^PIm7 ^ingfo^mr^^ a i^b ^ 
 c^iirch, de!iv6fed to Lintfl*^l!ic eplfcto* *>fllce; WiM^ 
 
 .x:^ 
 
 P- 30. 
 
 ■X 
 
"X. 
 
 ijccdc^himj^ aifter whom, in itic third place JFrom tl^ 
 ^oftles, Clement ha^d thcj bilhopic," I)ocs tfc caftigatci! 
 pretend that to fojind a church is not a fttrtijpwlar rela^n 
 Kit: ? H Bi^t he thinks that £^I |i^ ah ^qual title. 'IliaJ 
 1Nui^% hia words, his Worl^ and ^ dKf affift Ja* 
 
 ^!*"^^fi; *"<* c^f^ing^thcfoman churcl|,isu 
 % true j that the Roman church kpcw anid profeffea 
 jie d9aripe taught b^ Peter apd Paul, is equally trucl 
 By this doadn^ prefervcd in the ^oman chiirch^ and 
 tranfmitted in, regular fucceflion from paftor ^ pJ»ftor^ 
 fincethe apoftles' days, Irieneus cpniFounds all herefics j;^^ 
 by the fame rule, errors are Q^nciemncd,*© thjs ; day : 
 •* ^e;caii," faid he, *' ^numerate thofe, whom the apoftles 
 l|ftabliihed biijj9ps in the churches, and their lUcceflbrs 
 down to us . , . . buKflnce it would \kXoo long tg enu- 
 ^ratc ti^e ifucccffion of all churches, we {hall <?pntcnt 
 yurfeivcs with indicating the fraMon of the g;reateft^_ 
 apd n|pi^ ancient church, knpwQ to the whole worldQ 
 founded and eftablidi^ed syt. !^nie by this gbijpus apoftlei, 
 Peter and Paul ; and by this tradilioti^ ^%^ »i: Has ri?- 
 ^elyejdi from the apoftles^ and thisfaitl^ announce^ Xf_ 
 men, and preferycd to ounj days by the fucceffion q^ 
 , Wfliops, ^c,C9n;(«und all thopi who majjje unUwful afc 
 ^^^pj)Ues, in^any manner, whether thji-pugh fejf.lov^, vain 
 l^iory, blinditejs or n\alice.*> .Iren^us Ihcws, that;^ t^e 
 .^p^rinc, taugii by Peter and Pa^ yf^ tra^?fmi|lited^ in 
 i^lplajl^ (u^d^n, thr0Uj{h ^e paijtors of thf Roman 
 church ; he did not inquire, whether Peter j^r ^aul h^jd 
 firft fo\indcd that chyrclj, it w^s a public fai^, qf whiSi 
 ' n^ man doubted i^ l^is days : the Romans tell this caiti-^ 
 )r, that the ^Hurcb of Rome was J^nded bcfqre 
 i faw 1^ 4 and that i$ was tlicp celebrated 
 for the purity of its fait^, we know fyop^ Paul himfclf 
 in Ms jtMAli* tt\ frb^Bniriana 1. R • ** vQiir Aithla'celgbrat- 
 
 ^I^i^fi^ the whole world," Tl^cfe fame Itotnans tell hira, 
 i va4 thcY ought to know fometbing of tip ipli|in' 'of^ 
 
 •.lib. it cap- i' 
 
c Had urit touiKted t|i<? fhurch of llflftoch, go«3 
 
 w, where, prcacHpl the ffofpcttw^n 
 
 lined Iwihop of that citjf :t Tfi^^ a^llthpfe wrlfej?'^ 
 
 ei^ pwi^ehiirch, that Peter, wiih -his difdglc Marl^ 
 and others^ jiad fciinded ^hat church ldn| ^forc Pai3 
 |ad fcen it, ^ pi^ their tettimony it was ''bejievcd J^ 
 |Wchri{|iai) 'V'^ori^ ijy ^ 
 
 tcftimony of |j^rtpe|ei f Jh^ tn&ms'^SM%mi 
 
 **f 
 
 yrhen 
 Xo ItoiiM 
 
 herettiained ^ _^ --,„^ _, 
 
 whqhave; been cited in theWmarjK ^Ifi Doaor 
 |erV|;«»iriinadon, knew it— % ^^^arks, p,i 77^ m it^ 
 they alfo t^U him, that Paul was neither K^s ptectccci^ 
 noi-fticceflbr in office, th(iiieh^hc,v^ moa zealous 
 
 fellow latjQurcr, and this they demcinfli-aite hcyofld th| 
 poffi^jlityj^cqntradiaion : for Fetcr v^z^ entruf cd #itJi 
 the care j| thrift's flojk before Pkul w;^ a ct^iatt^ 
 John, ii^^.:^* fc^d my lambs : feed my ewei ;M" and^ 
 cloci pot a^ar ^hat P^ul was oi^ercd to (uparfede hSrf: 
 thar^as tc^rve^ for tjie ^vangelift of #iheiiiberg ; nor 
 j was P,aul Peter's fgcc^ffor J they died the fame da^^ ^ 
 ; " Tlw church of Rome," fe^^ the caftigafdr, "would 
 ^ever indeed acknowledge Poj^, Paul the Firft. Eds 
 p^ianiiis ajpd Ireiieus haYc been more ajilipla1(arit.**** 1^ 
 paffag^ whic<i he endeavours to dlftort, in order to per- 
 plex tKe ti^th, tell agiinft him : Epiphanliis fayS, "Peter 
 and P^ul were the %1^ at l^omc, both li|piops and apof- 
 ^tl<!8.*1 ^piphanius does notfa^ that Paul was prior to 
 iPfeter or iu|)cr|or to him, on the contrary he gives Paul 
 Ithe fccond fHsicc. He fays that, *♦ Paul was at Rbj^^p^ 
 pilhop andapoftlc** Whb ever doubttedit? Bttt^W 
 ^pftigator ought to knoi^r that Paul, tliough a bi&d|pi 
 apoftle, was one pi Peter's flock ; and if he dpcUBt 
 %iow it, Epiphaniys, on whom he eftdenvdirsic^i^^ofe 
 " —- ''--^ ^^Hinfnrnfimrnr *" ^ " * ^ ^ 
 
 ^Pctcr to be the leader' of his difbil[5les:*^t Jitidhfc 
 ^^if^iSF^ *?»« -^«<?^'*. %<iayng of i^Bter, h<^fef»: 
 
 a 
 
 this 
 
 p- **. 
 
 + Her; su 
 
/:••.<■.' 
 
 |a ''- 
 
 
 ^re iinHil; l^e liecn bil^ap (^f^l^pn^^r Alexander 
 tould not; f|y^ b^entlvP fifth in fucc^ffic^ from, hjit^. 
 Ircncus cl|d pot coiiflder Paura8|pint biftvpj^pf RQwse. 
 ^ith Pctca;^^ j« tjiis emptor iinpofeff n l^im ; >f^pw 
 that tticr^ were ppt two biflw)^s ojiihe faoic? See i aj>d if 
 ^ l|i^<iinfid?rea. pal W WfroBii wftK fee^, «f tJj|S^f 
 ^f 1|^c t% paffa^e4ocs n9% teU t^J^fe forciWj^^gajpft, 
 tWc^ftfptor, for he'affigns the fec^^^ P^^cf tb P^uJ^ 
 aiid his aj^fejiad Jwtlu)^^ ^ulcjofcwfe ^^^cend^tf^^^ 
 the Wfliop oi Ropie % his fuccefltor : j^bweyef:, ix is ii^ 
 
 fB Pajirs li^^(^etfor that t^iT^iflxop.;of R^^ ckin(i^ an W^ 
 |iaj^fpirkua;jurp^ 
 f^^ifavl could Jiav^ i^b fupccffor i^ z^ office, whicn,; 
 
 ip^ Veiled in P^tcrhcfor^'Paul ^^ ichrHiari. 
 The c^i^tor^ ia hi?^eat zealto i^e the te- 
 / diaries on ^o^or Stanlpf 4' fixamj^hatigri^ fjps Ae^C^^^ 
 ¥^^K neV 'modelled chj^rph, of ^hichhfis hiMffeE 
 ^^i^'mftctl He tcyjs u^ that Peter wasa l^^op. If fo 
 l^e cpfcQMj prderis of divine inlJitu%n i;>i^the chi;ift|an 
 choB^ & diurcji, therefore^ In 'whjich l^fcs briji^r is 
 
 *^^p denies ^|s confequence,, i| ##."X^ of copfiaion 
 •^ fcnfe. or pervirfelyL obl^natc. #a8 th<: citfUgatoir ^^re 
 pf this cojnfequ^pce tOr didhe lipneiMy intend to i|p- 
 d^ptive thej^ deluded.mortj^ls, who arc taugh^ to l>clieVe 
 that a^ ccdefiaftical authority Js Yc%^^» 5^"^™^^ 
 ""^^^fWefil <^Pfn i^hem to minifters 9I their own v^m^ 
 
 in 
 
 XW 
 
 4a the i^q:M^.^aragraph in wh^h; the caltigator {ays, 
 ■fj|%it.Pfcterw^k biihpp aj>4aBo ft^e,1ie tdlsjis ffl^^ 
 
 ■ pfficfi^ ' olan'apoft le a^d\ biijiop are ' Ijicomjpa^e T W 
 ahcrfs^ojds, that, pf teig J^/as ip^(<jfted,. at tfee Anrie tijpe, 
 Wiib two ofilccs incoThpatiJ)ie. -rei, m ^lam trien, 
 
 -=-* "'..-:.■ ^ has 
 
Jlfeaiii^appca^^ feWfef ™«g. 
 
 as U Tays, ^ial would prwnt Mar ffoin goverhirig tW * 
 ciiurcB df koiric 61: i4:atioch, # ahy odief cfitirc^ as a 
 P|0Jl^ feai)i)ite)fei^^ro^ S? w^ b^rtcv^Qii? 
 
 cjlftigatoL poinmbntenic ralies tliaf tes apoftbiici com- 
 iiffioii A^'niit iii'wiiidatc lus %febpal aii^cM-ibff It;' 
 
 ^vM^ci tife liniv^i ckrch 4 fei^<^e "'Pot- (if 
 thrm;s Sock, i^fti cKri^^ fiiiJcs be 
 
 iiet iJeceived. Mncc Afitidck is an a^oftoifcal 
 
 Se^, and if he bad coDtin'tted to govern tlut diurcb as 
 
 bi&op of Ron^, woiiW^^^^^^ in ofc * 
 
 Thei^i^& dfesiftli^l^lMoiiichid a^poinl 
 lcdi^^er]^ffi46i?^hMtS^e*^iiis t^^ replies. 
 
 m ty U^ ^as^ fiot ycf c^b^, oT «*icfe St. ^i^ Ms : 
 ^Thei-c witf IxU^i^e, wKeti ftcy fen not tear ^iit 
 ^qiairii^ of ai^tfoii j but acdoiimg to irrcguiar 
 
 ^^s,.witk it<^ cars.'^* the time is now €^i— & 
 Jca^tor kriowj lU \^fe flock lii fotcrs days lid not 
 ^r^t:,|arQ^ • t^tonaii^^^ ihep^P^^^'^ ^ -'^^' . 
 I To the Mcr queries, ihtcniJeS to embarrifs tlie igno- 
 
 ^^y?*^#^^^ ^"^%^ the knowk' 
 
 [truth, the i^iicr replies t ttiat Peter's conjwtf on to rule 
 l^mafter*s flock, includes the iub^rdina^ authority oi 
 5i$op, prieft and dbcoii, as the authoHity of the prliicc 
 pidudtas the {ubbrdiqatc -authority <)f all ofeccrs uiider 
 |™%^!^w,^onty Pei^r excrclfeff wiienand where he 
 Jpo^igiit it convenient, accofaing: to ihc diredions of his 
 piyfnc maff<^, iii wi&bm all fpiritUal authority to ruleii* 
 *"v^/* ^?'^^'^» ?tn<i ^roim it mjift be dcnvcdfac- 
 
 rording to the oricr, wHtai he was plearcd to inffituic. 
 
 ir 1^ nbj tSie lefe, truig, ^r the left cbrifonant with bur 
 tideas o 
 
 'i 
 
 ler. 
 
 ■1' 
 
 r*i.aT 
 
 Bt^*i|^th6rity,riidi^niably ncCdfery 
 * i. Tim. if. J, 
 
,^-ri'- 
 
 IX 
 
 3 
 
 fort|ie.gA0d gp^c;|pnmciiijbl!i^ifltoB^^^ the fup|jort ©i 
 ^hjon, uii^i^jr, ^^»h, aAj^liibordin ation , contin^ei 
 
 or 
 
 untirdeatV»*aiiV'ihen"i>afledtS1ii8 in office^' Fi 
 
 grift's paternal care of |iis flock JXid h^t ceaJD: wK^ivl^etet 
 ceafedto cdndiidi' it : nor did that autlidrity- veftcd in 
 Ifetcr fQrt^<; Welfare of the ifcick, ^xMi«^ W& Ppte^^ i^ 
 YetrubUlls, and ^Icontinue to {ubMtvklkiiR; Chrift, the 
 
 iu|>r6ine; paftor^osis a nock on jartB» that is, to the ^Oi^- 
 ^immation. Thi^s is a p{ain|.^ittme'nt. ThVnian, mx^K 
 
 l)e.flupid who dc^i^Goii^ 
 
 prejpmce, paffiori, br^j^ethihij worfc, 1^^ ^pt Be- 
 
 lieve it. . / f ' 
 
 II1C ca{^|ratbr fy^ i fubterfuge, j^^ h^ imagines, in th^ 
 aouMek|4^ettf:d by ibipe writers; whcthier Linus, Cleinent I 
 or Anic^ius, was. Peter's immediate ikiccfe^r ; docs he I 
 ithagin^ that the Roman diu^h, then in i3|ettif^, Ididnqt 
 .Ino^ their own bifliop ? If there be fotnc, who, at this 
 diirancc of tiniei doubt whicnpfthcfc three pontifFs wa% 
 Peter^s fmw^ are riphc who doijbt 
 
 that one\of them did fiicceed Kim iminediatety, and the 
 othicr tw^ in Tiicceifljon. '{Iielr fuf^cefiba^s, dgwn to tKcpre- 
 
 I^Tit day, wejcriow, duririgji lopg Hterval of i^roo years; 
 Would this caftigatQrcondcUend.tb oblige U^ with the 
 fucc^^ ptpadors in hi^ new'mbcielfed ehtirch f Or i^ 
 he ^e^ nriL and muft his fucccffbrs date froin him ? 
 Does his ambitioh a^ire to the honor 9f being the fpurtX 
 
 ilef of ib great a fanaily, 
 
 in tlic-riext chapter thfe cafiiffatorlp'i^efcnds to refute 
 tn4 ri^fShs urged in fupport of fetgr^s fupreinacyi hil 
 firn attempt is father aukward'j in the cburfe of the work 
 he fcrmally ebndem^s it. The Writer in "his remarks on 
 Stan{|r, had (aid : " if cliiriftiahity te found ed 
 . _ Mjolllcs, b^caufe. they taught the cfiriftian feligiofl, 
 it^fS M Ifbuijdect in the fijcft place on'i^ter,|^aufe he, 
 fof all men, corifcffcdJChrift to be by nature |[mi of the 
 
 cdnfeffed by the prophets befi^ ti|c 4|ioftrc*s days : ** it 
 ha^ beei,*' he gravely tellf usf^^tccpivcd opinion in the 
 
 ^'*. _ ■" '/'' v'-^ ' /' church, 
 
<• 
 
 ■^ 
 
 tWrch, tWt ^^bc clinftUn religion, ^r tW bl^i^. 
 Chrift, irai ^bli^d iia tl^ew9rld^^ thou^Midyeai 
 teiferc the clays df the ipoftlcs^**'* llSt t^ divinicy ol 
 i^e promiied MfflSai ^w prcdidci by the prophet^ 
 Chnftians denidoiir^tc a|amftj[ews, I^tftsand Socint- 
 tns *; btit that the chriftian veljgion was publiihed before 
 the day$ of Cirift, or hl^ apoftWsi, ii an ei^ordinary 
 paradox V if It he a tec^iyefl ©pinif n »» the church, t^ . 
 muftbe in feme church of the c;^igitor's invention | 
 the ic^nliian church does ht)t know itv i^ipfe pftime 
 had eiSaced this opinion ft:oni the caftigatbr^^ min4 he* 
 s'fore he had arrived at the end of hjs Work* ^ Thea^v 
 gel," he iays, ." did not dirc^ dorneliua ^b the farf^ 
 ^res$ buk; toe/ifearon is obvious^: ^ was th#.de%n ol 
 6od to exhibit to" him the Saviour already criKi^ed^ 
 and exaiftedi^ a JR)undation of,fatth«^ibr the remi^on oif 
 fing^ Co both Jews and Ckntiles/ \^^^ therefere^ 
 
 ^^utd not dircci him to the old teftamcnt fcriptures, be^ 
 »»ufe they taiight no fiich doarine>"f ts itt^at tM ' 
 "^ie^ of tfie crucii^xion of Chr£(^ for the remi^ion of fini 
 [y rio^art pf.tW chriftian r^^onl "This cadigatof^ 
 "inds truth yariibici he b^ds it to ^» opinions, an J 
 its it to his purpofe. How^ unfortunate for the ca^ 
 or that ttuth is in itfelf, foftubborn, fo unmanagea^^ f, 
 Ujhis efforts to perple;x it ate vain. Jtis yettrue tl._, 
 ^etcr was the firft whp did con^ Ghrlft, as matt*, 
 fb be $on of Ood, by nattire. In the projects* dayi, 
 '^hrift was not yet roan^ they therefore did not, nor 
 )uld not,, confefs him to be,.a9 mat),, true Son by 
 [ihire, of the Living God. This firft miflakeheenddk 
 urs to enforce by another : Peter's confeffion, fays he, 
 $ the tciiiH^biiy of his faith concerning what the pro- 
 hels had written; * U we bcHevc the eyjingelift, Peter's^ 
 onfcffipn was the tcftimbhy of his faith in Jefus Chrift, 
 o w h^ l^c (po ke— whom he acltnowl edged tru ^on of 
 [theiOTfTnodTand this^hc W 
 irophcts, whofe writings, in all appearance^ he hiKl not 
 
 ^ ■ ^rcad. 
 
 t»* %6» 
 
 f K a»9* 
 
tatife iefti , ind tifciod did hot r^Vcal ^ thee, tmt mf ' 
 i 5pHt^tfiiI v^hetlier, hb ufi3C| *ef')rt to pcrptct' 
 
 1|i^s «Vi^h^t C0tiife(lfe(M^rodi^^^^ 
 
 %|^ iJirhic aiithoHt^^ ft^^i 1^^ ^ dbi^ the writct 
 
 tJVefl^dk hii brtftfc'n ancl fix c\ft t\s perfon as thft 
 li(ll, tif th^thuiicjff^ lio^ thts aftiMtpf think Pe- 
 !ei"s ConFffflott ^()tn$thln«^ cci^ ^diflinct'irpni Ms per- 
 36^ > t^ io, hi* t^hfecpi^fec^We. i? i^t, Mf dhS 
 
 SI aiflgrt a nieJre qjii ility Which haa no in^ppeiid^nt cj^ 
 ei^fc a* the b^fis ^ ChriTft**s chlirc;h ? Is iitiiii he thf^ 
 f church of Cht^ft an iirtagibary Bdiig f llic wifl^ 
 ly' te?^ him fiii uiat authb/ity hiffi^t^s on Pefer's pil^ 
 fonVand'not oh his donfedipn : the tinerpirtg authority (j)t 
 ^f^ rhrift, ><rho did not blefe' P6tcr*Uonfeffl>on, bill 
 met himfelf , faying ;. ;" blc^d " art thou Simon, foiTo^ 
 
 hn," wbQ 4?tJ oot fpeak to Petci;^ coniFtflbn, but td 
 peffcin/ %iog t ** I (ky ti^^^^ thW* whpdid not 
 aiff P«er*3 cdnfeflion a rock, \^ Peter himfelf, ftytttgrl 
 •^^i^u art a rock.^'ind^ finally, Who did im % th?it Iw 
 would bufld hfe qhuixh on Pctcr*S conftflloh, Ij^t oti htl 
 perfon, ftyi'njj, t ••and ojti thiirodk will fJruild my 
 <Au|*e5t.*^ To this tjie writer adtjs ? fetohd iuthoi-ityi 
 fttftj^is, the authority bi^ common ienlc ' Pfetcr'spcoU- 
 teflioftdf^th W4a neither th6 foundation of the th^rcl, 
 nor a mjJ^ibcp bflhe church » nor any p^r tot parcel of 
 the chWch.' ; Hlir^Confcffiqn of faith^ijujiltried ttiter hirt^ 
 ftif ««s Je a. member oiF th^ church, and thcf almighty 
 powfrr of Chrift oerformln| after h^^returrc6Hpn, what! 
 fie then pronfifwd, ^c -him the ftrength and foHdity 
 teceSxry to fupport that myfterious buffdlng. As in i 
 mtcrial bsttding^, ir iyirolr the fignrrii^t^e guatftiCT al 
 lie'^ftoni^, which comppfc the, wallsV but fhe Qooes 
 li|icmfet«^, tti*ped and fitted by tht bufldcrs. 
 
 /•. Th« faiptures," he iayi, " dedare confdHon to be 
 
 .) >- 7 
 
 -«' .n 
 
 the 
 
^f gr9it%d on Vfhkht^cljttrch Sands." Thefcriptur^ 
 donot fpeak'aonl^^ thuai dcfcrtbe$ t}^| 
 
 ^n whom th«? faithful arc buUt a? (ivtniJlones^ ** ttiiw 
 
 Avhich Chrift'did not]^ff|<s; 4fertJ9.n6 othdr t^rpii 
 Vhoi».I\eBclicvcd.^ .,".^' ;'/■■!-. ^'^^ ^^■■■iv«3i!^^*if. •■:^- 
 Illyricu?, and his alTocJatcii, in % CQm.^cocemcnt ol 
 the Reformation, had c6]||ffced frogi; the fetheirs, fevcri. 
 l^alOfige^, feme entire^ otjicrs garlil«i, a)t infulated anf 
 diftorted.m order topcrfuadc tlicir^ deluded^ iiDowcrsy 
 that thcri wa» Tome' fimflarity Wwfico t^^^^ new 
 doarines aiid thefe (rfthc primitive c1f\urc1i ; from th» 
 l^pcf toi^ thfe taiU^^^ • t^anlcribes fome paflkges, 'wJS s 
 which lieinakcs a dif^ay of erudition* whiqh coa hiS '^ 
 toe 1%!^ of tranfcribiag an^l ttanfl^m^. If art^ 
 Ulforl^ t.o continue akdeccptiph.alid lea^ thc^ii|af fhcfi^ 
 "^ the precipico, could bq a fubjci^t pf amufeofient to a 
 j^ber itian^ the vanity of this caftl^tor, >?^uld amuS 
 
 *^^^?T -1^— "^^^"^^''g^'^ t^c'piibBppaffagcg, frpift 
 ip writmgs bf men, who uniformly wndcmn the, er- 
 rors, in fuppprt. oC which Jhey are, 4dduq^, woidd «i 
 [citeafmifeofcpntempt^ *?^^ 
 
 t'^e iirftpa%c hejjites,, is frot^St. iSilary. whpTayii 
 
 }^^r^^^^^^' Mb^ oply immoveable foundatioi^ 
 
 lis Uth^ only bicflcd; rock, whkh P^ter copfcflTcd : 
 
 iouart;thc,Chn(l,theSonoft^ liv^^ (Jod/' 'w|*t 
 
 mftiandpesQQt know that Chrift is the immpveilip 
 
 rpka, an4 t{ic Qreek tct:m, P(r/^w, Rg^ nothii 
 
 [elfe but | b<;£ n^r;aiiff» f^iyrjf^ „,^y^ ^nf] j, thc DrJAJ 
 
 ry foundation of the ^hurch^ does tt follow that he & 
 
 not confti(;iite Petc^ a feoodary founditlon ? St. Hilaor 
 
 '; . \,- did 
 
11^ TKinc for fiflft e ^i^PSP^ this p^tlgfe of 
 
 St. Matthew/ '* thoti a*t 'l»<?/#rvr^^^ %« : 
 
 *' happy fiunJatm q£ the diutch, in ilic folcmn dcclar a, 
 tiori of a nc«y^ name, and ml, worthy of the building of 
 ^t, wWch diflblycs the bonds of hctt » bicilcd ^^ite keeper 
 of heaven 1" this is oneof tte FifithcTS who condemns 
 
 ^opei^ ! 7^j/«jw /tf«tftf/w yfm/«V 
 
 ' ^ * He next adduces a paffage from St. 4uftii^, wha fays i 
 
 <* thcchurclb'isatpreient'affaultcd by divers trials^ as 
 
 isnth i^oods' i^nd ftorms, bi|t it is not deftroycd : bccawfc 
 
 tl IS founded oj»t^c rock, whence Pfcter received, his 
 
 himc forthei'cjckis not nimcd from Feter, but be 
 
 ^omthcTodk, asChriftisnotnamis^ft'qm the cjiriffi; 
 
 *%,but'thcdiriftian from htm ; oh thia account the 
 l^rdfeys ; *up©n^hls rpck^ ^U build m'y c^rch ,* bt- 
 caufe Peter had (aid : ♦ thou art the Chrift, th« Son 6t 
 ilxe Living God ^' upon this rocfc, there^rc,' feys Ke, 
 
 - * which thou haft confcffed, t will build ttiy cTiurcb,' for 
 Chrift is tte tfockupon which l»etcr famfclf wiw built.** 
 tn this paffage P<;ter's prerogative is clearly earpciBffc4, 
 |nd another trutd totally {&)verfive of neyf modelled 
 
 ' Ihurches, It is matter of furprifc, that the caHigator 
 didnot obferve it. Auftin fays, that the rock vras not 
 ^amcdfroin Peter, but he from the rock ; that thrift 
 is the rock on, i^ich Peter himfelf was built. AH this j 
 IS untjueftioni^bly truci Auftin, therefore, thought that 
 Peter partook oCthe ftabili^ 9^ ^^^^ rock, ifrom which 
 Tie was named, and on whkh he waabuik. Auftin | 
 
 - inew that a ntihe irtfipofcd by God iff the fcripturcs in- 
 variably cxprcfifes the prerogltivc of the perton. Thus 
 ^hc name impcifei on ^hcipAOicr of the f ^Aful, by- hji 
 parents, Abrm^ which figniics f«fl/r«//jllfci ww chan- 
 gcd into Abraham^ which imjwrts^^iiftir flf# multitude, 
 
 ' tn4 the rcafoii affigned r " becaifc, Aid the Upr^, I have 
 — «vcWnm ee*fanhtT to t mulu^iS^e'u f nait^i ~GI*<^ 
 bamongoimnaihtt^. The name Stfrtfi, which Agnifics 
 my^twfty Wit changed into S#i-a*,fWluch fignifies « 
 ' V* ■ ' ,' ' / .■.-..•/'■ ■, J^«[ 
 
 • Oct. *#.■!♦ .'■*:^'''" 
 
'J^tfy wjithoul' rcflriAion 
 
 |ftjt*«4t 
 
 feecaufc £Ke wis to be the Mother of Nationi anci, llingsi 
 - A fecond truth, as yet Uporc ahir^iing, Ajiftni de^' 
 |[)onftrates m: tl^jit pa^ge. ^' The churcfi.** (ays he^ 
 <M8 aflaulted $^ divers' ^riaH ^s wkh^ floods an^ 
 ftorms ; butk U nOt deftroyed, bccaUfii it is fouftdcd o* 
 the rock. He thought, as catholtc^ do now^ that flooc^ 
 and ftorxlia, tria^ls a^d 'perfecutions, the united, c0)rts of 
 earth andheli, w<}rc iticjffe^jjiii againft jth^ ch^^ch\ bttW 
 en therbck, tb^t is founded, |^ Chrift^ eondu^fcd by^l 
 Spirit, aadp^otcdcd by his Almighty Power. $fM 
 reformed, in Kis days, had fald, that the church * 
 
 |»eriihed i this bold^fie/tion li^s been ^e^uentfy Repeated 
 ^nce his tisne ; hear his replj^ : '* that *chur<:K, which 
 
 they 
 
 jovL be notj for it wiU be* thdugh ^mx be «ot. llfhli 
 
 ifliertion ; abominable, dcte^ble, fi^ll of p/eftimptlofi 
 
 and fallshood, fuppoi^tcd by dd t^iith^ cnHghtCHed by no 
 
 iWifdoin, Ceafoncd hynofalt, i^^in rafti, predpit^te^ p;u 
 
 |j3icious-~iH^ Spirit of God for^faWv on account pf thofe 
 
 1^0 ^y : it w^s, and itis fiot 5^ for ^hofe^ W^o iay : 
 
 *" Ac f^ripturcs arc ^lifiiled, all naOons hav'c believed, buiT' 
 
 the church (^ all natipas has apoftatifed, it has periihed. 
 
 Wbat is tlik t Bihold I an wi^b ydi{ until thi confumrnat'u 
 
 W^jlft <ig«. . \ . 'V^hy is it that you fay : the church nl 
 
 all nations has period, ^hctf for this ^he gofticl ft 
 
 ^preac^d tjiat it ihay ht m mil nations ? Thcrc^i»Jt. until 
 
 the end of titn^^ the cl^urch in^ all nations ; (fefkaries may 
 
 Ipcrilh.Wt th^ni ccafe ta be wl^t they We,*tKit they 
 
 maybe what t^cy^fe not. ' 
 
 Jn the ipj^flk^ adduced by thi caftigat^r. St. Auftin iay$: 
 
 ^"l&ii|iircli is founded on thiH^, the Rock whu* 
 
 ^hat the demonflrrative pronotin thul^, ibis, had 1 r^. 
 «ncc to rtfr^, # Rsik^ implied In flw propofition, becauCe 
 ll did not Gorrefpend with lV/f<tf, is an unfouw&d con- 
 
 ' ' jel^urt: 
 
uf^d^^lj^'a J^/i', tti^^fcofe imported ^y the Syrh^ 
 term Kepha,thsi mmc wh|clj the Saviott| jnnpofed oi\ftia^ 
 difcij)le Simoti, :^on gf lohii— 4his we knoW ^rpni thi^. 
 tvangj^Uftj St. JQhq, i, 4^; •*1f^uat<^Simon, ibn 0| 
 
 ffeter." fHcacc the Greek ti^^nflator. of St. AUttjthew ufgd 
 ihcUfms rctros and Petr|,,of tTiefamc ifnport, as if to 
 |atj4Mi^ tliie,fpri^<?,oif the iiamc F^c?* by ^ftr^t >vhicfa im- 
 |Kyrts nplJiiQg bfut a, /?*^J. Ijiis iptto4u|ed, a^^iyeffity 1^ 
 ll^ Gre^fikprej^qQ, which is ^ot foupcJjn the Syriai^ 
 * ItQgipage then in ufe inon^ft ^|ie Jew& J?»w tliv^rfitj 
 ht6xptc4ioii, which St-A^ftin, not ubdcr (landing t,he 
 
 m 
 
 iwl^ language;, did not, l^ow, Jed hinj tp cppjeSu 
 st^ t)aie'%rt^ckjmtie, tbisipotbm^, of^ ^l\e tame gender 
 fwrith ^Wm, Jwi<f 3^ rcfer«ff|cc to fome bi^Ker )lock^||idyy| 
 jlphrift i| iFr«|uetitiy caUc^ a R6c^ io t(ie Jt;riptu|j?s/ S^^^^^ 
 *A^iii, i^hought it rcfcrrcd to him. If he had kffo^n tji^ 
 
 J^ fpoken, and that ^^Fatt^ a'^ijtl^ ; aq f)thcr Rock 
 
 was mentioned Wore.^ ' lience vy;cb %d tHat Jeronniv who , 
 
 yjras a per^e^ maftcr of both langjia^^i in his cxpofitipn 
 
 o^tj^fe piafla^e iti St. Matthew, rcfersiJhevarticlc topcti: 
 
 " According to tfee metjjphor, Peir4^K,^»fk. it is rightly 
 
 ^id—l will buiW ^y churchjon thee A** and, in hU letter 
 
 j^o Pope CUmafiis concrr|itog tke tcr^ * tfype^qfis, 't}^n 
 
 •in dtfputc, he (ayfl, (|^akW p/ the.Cftjdr (the Sec) of 
 
 ^^ert^ liinow that tjSic chu^gh is Wft o^this, Hocl^^' 
 
 ^ That St. Aufttn,** (W^omlon of the" pj^ffagp^was a cof- 
 
 je^ure, fotj^nded on the diyeriity of eJ^|^^^%jQt;roduc«d, 
 
 ' m' tiio«^' M liuny, iHTIIFv^ n^oft blcfl^d 
 
 .Ambibfcf WDO, TpcakiM of .the CQc|:j^fay»; **^the 
 ^^arpiii^ o£ the Q\^ t& ^i" of cfu' tliurch wa%» 
 
^ 
 
 w 
 
 :^.xy'\ 
 
 "" -&. 
 
 Wiyhlsfauft-^ tlKfl^**kl«8 that very dft^iftcF 1^ 
 flamed It {b,1thatw^JV flight be-Un4terfioocI on hil 
 whom Peter tdrifeffed ; fob^ w» riot faid to him * thoi 
 znP^if^ but /'^/rw'-^oftiUretvebckpoptidnVth^ 
 toy chufc that #hich he tMnfes the. more probable."* 
 
 From this paifage we lea(rn; tliat ihougb AuftiW, dci 
 Mved by the divcrte ^^ Wpreten, ilitrodorca ihta 
 tlie Gi*e^i veH56n, rl^«p» this cxpqfition prdfcablc, he; 
 thought that oir§t. Ambrofe/eqxialliir ijrobabfc, and mord 
 l^rfafly Adopted; We k6<iw the;ri\otive bf^is coni 
 j|atife THi falfecioug. : W J^rottws cxpre% fayr, thai 
 Ke^rm fignlftes a rock ; and iiir the Syriaic -vcrfidta <^ 0i 
 feldleftaBient,theHtbre«rtcrtiis Sih». a rbck, is InviS 
 iHabfjrief^preflkiby the Syrfac term ifc^. Bmct ^0^ 
 brqfe's cjcpoiitlon of tie: paflage is ihcOntro^ri 
 p^a J it prentled in.hfe time, bcfor<f iis ti^ 
 ^t Since his time, there can be rib doiibf^Wwi^- 
 ^rifes of which St. AulHri i^ate|,coriipt>fe rhrhyidtW 
 iudson tHe th#e ftintiaysbclbrc Licnt, Ititlie ^h^i 
 "^"ry in gerierai trfe. ft h ttw theft Tons o^pferfiil^^ 
 reforibed Mdnki, *.dtli ihr arch.rcf£«-misr at tKd^ 
 sad, allured' and exploded the jbrcvitiry with all dthcr 
 nprofimhaujf'eritih. SeeRle^tew, p. 154. 
 I J" .^^.^"'^'t ^.^nc we bow it to Fcvaii ffbir hilbwir 
 P^^^f^ t^ffttndoy. That it prcvaiKd before hi* 
 imc^w^ haNfie tKe tcfti^ 
 
 I ;^'?<^n. who utidcrftood,ffeve^ man did, thc'orfrfv • 
 t ^^'^^^' '"^ ^'« W«^»y on thfc ^th of Exodus, ft4 !■ 
 
 ^ ""r:^' ^''' ^>' *^^*^ ^"^ ^ ^^^^ ^«a^ ife|indatidt> 
 ^J^j»jr'^hJ«a„d thatmoft firm'rocfcf oh «*icbChrifr^ ' 
 'indcd h« church : Man of ifelc ftith. why hairc yoa 
 !i^'J^^ -L^^^^^"^ Chrtii tllus reproaciLd? ' 
 pHaW^iiihij Iccorid bookagainft Eunqmius, feyt : '*f^ 
 
 e buUdfaj/- of tlw church vlirf,<ha,iu!r W Anchor*? 
 « Lord conft.tuted ftter, the firft ofthr ibcmhl i. 
 >hd ^ocfc, on y^a, the church of God is built." 
 
 ■•I*.,R..r»~ Chryftflo. 
 

 -W" 
 
 
 ^rd iaid J^ art^eter,Xa rock) w4 on thcti will I b^jld 
 ih^ fKtttch '• life cJcpoiStion of the L^doi jJ9incic|es 
 With'tfi^t pfthc,Gred£s. ^ ^ V 
 
 T©i^klfi|ii I '* '^^a? any tmtJg cotoci^aled from Peter, 
 c^led the rhck, dn which th| church w^s tpi bip built V* 
 - €ypriap>in his letter to Quintus, (ays : :**.the JLprd 
 ehoic Peter firft, and on him built his chu?^,*^ iiva ?rafd, 
 tkis was umyerlaay belicvfe^: St. Mmn hirofcli, th^ril^i 
 he thought it pTdbablethit the tc?rms iki rock, Jm^hi 
 h|tc a iefercnc'e to Chritt, did nek ^refumc to contradf-J^ 
 l%<intrar^Qpir^on/nor did be ever doubt ^rPc^c* 
 IBdtcter's (ucceifenrs in the let pf Rome; being the firft 
 ^d^rs uf the cHviftian church : "in his letter to Glofius 
 El^fijMi?, fpcaisiiiipf ,poi» MeichiadM, te (ays V «'. the 
 gl^^MII ! ti«4md of chriftiah peaise andi?ither of the. 
 
 chriui^ti'p^pllji* s '-■'■;'-.•■' .J, ■ . : ' ''■'' ■.' 
 
 "the writer gx^f, pfiag* votn Auftin's works. Tlie 
 ^aftigator may dif^egard his authority, l?ut he will find 
 hjs rcafoninginvincibk, In a letter to Qenfrofus, yettex, 
 £itJt, he fays, Nf -t : '* as you hold the chritlianlty n|t; 
 ^ ope city ouiy, KofolT Africa only, nor oiFthc* Afti- 
 o^ns; but of |he whole World, which i(ira« annouRced, 
 and ii aunouticcd tg all, nations* ..... tt has been evatt-' 
 gcttzcd 'to Vo> ^y ^h6 prophetical ani apoWcal writ- 
 ings, that fromifes were made to Abrahana arid to hi?* 
 ,fefd» thae is, to Chrlft, when God faid to him, tJen. 
 x^ii. 18': * iiv thy fired IhalU// Natiomi be ble^d.* As 
 yijuhavc Ihefe prtmiifcs, if a.) angel from heaven (hould 
 fiky tb you, reUnquilh the chriftianity of th^^ wcnrld, and 
 hPld t|ie p^ty of Donatus, he ought to be acctirfed, be- 
 ctufc he wibuld endeavour to tut you off f rob the 
 whole, and thruft you into a part} i^f^'you off from 
 th«prottuiit<^God.'* :'*^,; V 
 
 V^h » tud o^ 4fe caftifprtor ^iftk of thTs \mfQmBgi 
 filit tt:«^, as8t. Auftin fty«, and dcmo«ftrttt», by what 
 ^ all the appearance of conclufivc and irrcllftible argu- 
 
 ; * ' ment, 
 
 •^ ' *Sp.4j,«/i0iil«. 
 
tlient, thal'a mair, even ;in angel, w^ ^btild foitni 
 |pftrty and fcparate it^ from tj^e cbiftianity tlon ia tlw 
 wprid; would be t:utc^frQiii dw promifcs of God 1 |f 
 ¥0 what is teonic of attcclcbr:^tcd reformers? lh$ 
 reforasiag caftipatof wottld do well to refute this fir5 
 wit^f^^nVrcjfcmngiU; mpft %iei^,fot«^ 
 iimfelf^and his lode ;> -1 ■ A 
 
 >4iuftjii continues, No; a^ if; %8 he^ the ordtr pf M. 
 tops TutxccdiDg cath other be to be confidcred, hoif 
 luch ^orc certainly andvlafcly may we enumerate fro# 
 ^tcr hhhfc^ t^ whom, as he bwe the %reofthie 
 ^holc chwch, the Lord iaia: on this rock I wiU build 
 ly church, and the gates of heU (hall not overcome fc 
 imu>ii|edBcdedFeter, Clemeot fuceeeded Unus, Ana^ 
 Ktus fucceedcd Gtemcnt, then Evariflus .• J, . 
 knafbfius. In ftiis order of bifiiops in: Ax|?ce©oirk^ 
 f no Dona^ t^fliop to be found. ^¥^^^^^ 
 
 in tjw nest number Aaftiii folves the difficulties aninil 
 ^holies, urged from the imn^oral Hves of fomeloptfiL 
 ^nt enquiring whether tke ac<ta£itionV were wl 
 
 .Sfr^t— ^f^ toe^mngaa^ority, ? 
 
 "ch att faaions, Whether in Church or State,^- 
 ^cnc^ « ma(ked by the pretence of co,^. 
 K«: I^ no real ab|iff cxii the Icadm of a ^ba 
 uft invent on the^j^rincipfe of i^idcftnc^ SS^ 
 fere never was-afea formed, who did not bring hei^ 
 hufattohs agairift the pontiff then in being.^rtli 
 
 M«c prelates in communion with him. F^om thefc 
 
 SS^ll^ "^rX^ ^^^ andBower. 
 
 iwl that coMeaion of flandcrajpunft popes and pw^ 
 
 >nie^ cojtndi^M by cotemporary writers. UM 
 fttn'sreafoftiiifiron thefohM..^/N«. 1 . nr^kJT^ 
 
 pttm s reafoftmg on the fubjed, N^- 
 hn that order b ftifliepicoin - " 
 
 nnm urlt^ 't 4.. ' .' '™ 
 
 if. 
 
 te nmej flwwW hav. crept, it would iuk brt udw ih. 
 H-ret nortfce innocent *riftian5, *wli<»A«W 
 rov.d«^ foe «. h^ ay „, baa prcl»te..'K S. 
 
 * F ^ 
 
4i- 
 
 » 
 
 f.-^U 
 
 ■■:,-:. ■;^A:^*e5r:#a 
 
 ll^ib lli^tiks<» fiill^o^ (thiite^c cbilfbttnddd, 
 &i^i a^AofeWi^i Who read ib tbe ftar^icrt^ 
 
 iir tliein h?ivclaa feillibp.* . ; , : , ^ ^ \ ,i. .^ 
 
 G»r^ia% %li^ t6 mile tlie ftngtff ffilry p^#liNvi 
 i»|^dk Igaliift-^rteBaSrntyi- ah^ feiifgi'oed With the ttt- 
 
 iia glWn tij Ac fcrijAuft^k c* tlicfe?redve|fels of t*e 
 Jlipi; werr liiliKl /f^^ cohfida^cd a^ ^oi: 
 
 which fprcad k& •tofefiil Int«chfe6 like apeftiirnie^fet 
 *|p ^cliilP* ^f Afri<iit, c)h 'the, pi^tjEintie ; tJiat fWi5t» 
 or AptoSi^ bnfe of iH<s eo'nl^cratdi^ ^ t>i^^^, 
 
 friTotoul^i'^Wiiec i^S Irdjeacd by th« th<ai pbpft 
 
 "«lifo4 l^e ^c> tbciafci^cS 8iF beittg traditbi^ 
 
 ^^tdk ttniidtrobdi ^tid jiiftttkd thte %«thftiUcchUfc§i on 
 thb 4^mh\ pthrttiplc. ^ ^ ^^ 
 
 The calttgaior «feit at»#btf4 A^mnlttft |N* <* Sfr 
 ta#|^ffag<!8in whkh it ts ^14 ^<t (lie'^ftfi il 
 ibaridai on PtwFs cottMoti of faith. Did tW^ ex- 
 ifclttae^hi8fcrfoQ^ Wc ij^*^^ Wan'8 Mrlii^^ ««rB cw 
 
 * iUw Ms vixres. . Is It ndt Iht W** 1»^ftlf whft* #6" art 
 f U^^ l^^ivlrtttea o^' dfiftftir'ib for hii«(4«C3 1- la «3toj 
 
 i#teK|tNi<irie,^i«»Mi tkc wriicf ¥ei^ tt^awsenbt 
 IribWicci^ # «lr^to Ikskr kifti titt MOdteftns,' 
 MwUc, jaa>«i^the ^aibiiaftlif ^ Saint tb<sbdbfiaf 
 
 . Jerui'alei 
 
^^^s**. 
 
 
 Gbk^^lilip 1ipa^l#li^' J^ir P«dM^ 
 
 ,|ii|^ which 
 
 •♦ the firft fniiji ^ .^ _ ,^ . _ . . 
 
 *iwas called Iklcrjk tockjtpiy arggplof^thc. i^ftikca 
 
 mimifef^anuJ^Q^ 1(6 that (isiitence pfcSt. ^^^ it <30(r**i|ir* 
 ao, which, %ti|»atiqg^that C|»i:iy^ h]^;^ J^ ji(?il<il^ 
 af all the 4<^^» ^^ ^b.® JUithc^^^C Ji|te^:^ r^^ <^ 
 
 him *' thc^Jir^ yf\ioScS^if^f4i^^ 
 
 .^/il0s ; /^afe Jbe^ ixias calM ^ ^'^i fpi; #ie dj^ il!ii»' 
 figmfies nothing elij^ on s^pcQunit 9f hit ulillia^i^ii^h' 
 i»G^)!ft,theroQl% » l^t lu, inQtijcr iif^^ ^^^ i^e 
 
 hiidaname wWch the fj^ipt^p^^ i^i^ifei^iliiit jill^^ 
 to Chprifthim^lf What mijscl^rn pa|»il .%^J^/^^B^^ 
 grerogativcwith greater «ii©cgy ^ ^ -- "j , % rJ 
 ilk next Qtationi^fromj^^ i^)lii9Mi)#d ||^e 
 
 ^t^at itm ?0p<? Gregoiy , ^wi^l^nc ir^an, who. C^nt A^ptW a 
 bfiffi^ijaine Mpnk, .with oiher Mpnk^ Frain ^ihe ro<WI$c^ 
 sry g!f ^Jt. i^j^W/in Roinc, to Englaflii j Ji^t . tp ^^^^ 
 * Monk* >£^ati4}^owes her con jrerfign tfi.^ .^^iiljipt^r 
 taftomtlie napfl^ Wijd^, rather bpjmli, I4^ls^y^ Ihaft *he 
 fciilej;hri(Uani^,.pt|nj!cd in Eng4nd .by- |he> la^n^s?of 
 i^efe^Mo^vi^ilpl with^^^ 
 
 |tQiWhkliPapi(b^now;a-ciayssre a^dijj^ed* was rkt^^f^y 
 ^religion believed and t^|ight;in^£ng|ian4frOQi Po||j5b^«- 
 ^ory's days* ; in itkfc yeac 59^^jji|)|^i the pa/Ma|i9<t!iC itt 
 »533»^vought pw^f to transfer tiiC|po«iific4ai|thid^ 
 sfcogGth^withall other Ipiritual ahlborky; pn: t^|t fi»fjw 
 HMi^<^4 j^|i ff Hcftry yilf. pf J fcforinisiji m^ii^^. 
 This JleliBifjS^gUfli W^ 
 
 cfcucipiaia anceftors, the memory and marks. of wl^oH |^^ 
 ty iarc yet vlfible, weJ^ arrant t*apifts duringafpaccof957 
 
 a 4^,^ ^ 
 
 yeara, 
 
is'i *" 
 
 
 . i^Wingfo the caft^ator and hi|i friends WthcyM^ 
 reality cArift^lnf:fro|^atJ^irgrav« they feem taciUloii 
 ^hctr childtcB : rediu 4i4 mf^uoHeoims, ... ^. -^ 
 
 _^rgory,ai.tited by«! caftigatpr, %»; what iio 
 v-dwrfhaii ever doiibtcd, that Chriii is the only rock on 
 *>Whichthc thurchb fouo^ffd^tet Ofekory does mt 
 fey that Chritt did lot call hit ^ifct^ Simon. 4 tocH ; 
 nor does he iay that tKe prophets, and aiJoftTes^iv a w- 
 tain^snfe^ arei«)t the foundation o£ the church j. and %' 
 ^^^^^^ feys they are, Eph. ii. « Iwalt on tfc 
 W<i*itipnqet|ieapoffe Chrifli himft^ 
 
 bemgi the |reat corner fione." In the iruaure of^ 
 church, defcribed by St. Paul, the faithfiU th«mifelvcg, 
 ;|^bt their feith, npr the confcffion of their f^i^^aim* 
 ^pc^he (pirituat building 1 firft JeOis ChriftTS^ 
 ^1C9 a>jd prophete, then all their difciplcs united Ursa. 
 tUi focicty. whic^the apcOle ca* the Houfe of Go4 
 XJregorywas fo farfroni(fiffniting^Pctcr% a|^W^^ 
 a fccondary foundation, that he affeftsit m^mi^lm^ 
 ttaptory :inanncr ; «^ to aiyi hy% he, V. wlii> J^^ 
 gofpel* it is niani&ft, that, by ii»e vpice^f |he Lord, thr 
 care of the wh#i church was conamkted to th« bleflkl 
 Peter, pHnceoftheapoftks : fortoiui^^j^^ ,♦« theiik 
 at a rock, a^d on this rock I will -^^'^^tiM^ 
 That Gregory did himfelf ej^rcife tiii»%ir^^^ 
 ftfoii, which, was ^ranfnjitt^tg'iini in iuccedyi, 
 _ St. Peter over the ^hole ch^lo «hur^h, we hmm 
 ^«e moft fatisfeaory evidence in his owip :wrltmgii>.. w 
 m air the monum^is of that age : in Ms letter to jj^ 
 B.fliop<if; Syracufe, he iayt^. "of thechM^h ofciton- 
 ft^tmoplewho doubts that it ifi fubjc£|fothe Apoftoli- 
 cal See? What our io^d the MoftKpils top 
 <n^ Brother Eulehius, BiSkop o£thelj|i^g^^ 
 
 iy pfMtk i^ in the next letter to lliii'Mii |i|iiiiliiiii \ 
 V tbae* he %., " h. I. f^ijt^^ to the Jp^^ uL! 
 
 ^^ 
 
 •Lib.4,IpiiJ. f L*.i,E^.i3. 
 
 •■1^ ' 
 
:;J^: 
 
 ^ 
 
 ':> 
 
 K. „• 
 
 J'- 
 
 Biflropis notili^eatoW t .' r . 7^ 
 
 The daftigitor did not think pigptrto cit4 from oth<jr 
 
 41^18 felcOionrr P<iiilthofe whom he fiippi-eflcd would 
 Ddt have been 6) exfSUqt in bi$ cond^mnal^o^. 
 ^^^ Romta ckuR^h^lu! %s, view* thcfe words a? o^ 
 ^liPHie pr^ei^ probf^ o«||^s iupremacy. the writer 
 begs^ leave tti^,tett^ja«||iit if theft^^rds had- bcttn 
 expungc^frwn the gofp?!, the tiioftiiiiA% proof, apd 
 at thefametkne the uid^Bvindble prbblf, of Peter's £«- 
 ^ prcmacy would yet ffcimiife Thewrkei^ hc^ys, did nbt 
 t^mk proper to give tiiemati cxtt^fiite difcuffion in his' 
 -remarks on I^^or Stanfer,. Tr^ .^ did not thinfe: 
 an «*ifive-difcu^n nc«jrf&«Jf#I|^ lupplioi 
 
 he hopes to th»t f i l i gMMfl f^ltaiim . V '^^ ,. 
 
 He>hM;%m.|ff i^. that the metaphorical expreffidb 
 ^^d^*, on^wirfch the church is founded, imports the un- 
 ifeaken ftal»^ c^ that i^fe4i|iii^#llfi^^ei the pre. 
 
 eminence of the peribfrtlHij <fc«6mitiated; for it is the 
 Inundation w'hichr fuppcrti^tle weight of the buUdtntf. 
 a^ unites the different |«rtl iota one individual whok. 
 ^he comer&m^tyt w^mw^mm& by tite joint 
 
 tmsof theapofttes aB4l«Sf«i5iaWin d^^^ 
 ^le^ the Jdl founder, or ^ 1fe#da6on of ife V 
 jjhuccfe^iiipdb3.hisminittry ; all thdV t^urches bd^ 
 «J^«tjarts of that on^ ^1^1^^^ the cathd^ 
 ^ufch, Pfeter was nonlinatel^^ pr<ilence ofth^oth^^ 
 Tv ,f .* • ** '*"'' foiindatiQ«*i ^ich colleas and ce- 
 men^ a» the iotegrant pms; ^i^ Jero^,in hts 
 ^1^ b|)oksgj,„ft «hat apoftate. mbnlT tMi^n^i^dain, 
 ^in wh;^ienfcthe char^ iS Caitfto bebuiftoul^ter. 
 
 r ^^:^^ilg^ y^^^thls;among(V thetwelVe. c^e is 
 
 *»i*^^]|^i iUt heM beingx:onftimt£d, rhp QCgaHon tif 
 
 f Wfoi ft#ttiebet#moved^ . ^^ ««!auoa^ 
 
 L^f^K-!!"'' !!^ <^^rt.i,ot to refute, of that hefelt the 
 l«ipoffibd,ty, but to perplex tlie tr^ by. fomc garbled 
 
 •; pamger * 
 
i6: 
 
 
 hn(9, c<mmwM%i6^neTs^ asifatiMliliAilMH^IirfiCs 
 **t<!> a ^nd proof t>f l^tQr*^ fuproiirf^ M in 
 
 ^(filence che poremptorf i^aibia affig^i|^^liy(.tW4vTiter in 
 lis resKMilra ofi X>D^or Stttiiiir'ii, p« :^i4f ^ . /to wlitct\ 
 thb reader is relerred» the calH^tor ;te)l» ii^ that ithci 
 '•J^eys.of the kjogBoni of hctwn andtW pow^Jjrof !Wnd, 
 iiigand loofing are fynoniifious ^ ^ f*^pfiA^r ^id not^ 
 i i^nk fo, 9r hei'Wduld not'hayefaid to fbum^ l^^e(flcide 
 tfi^'the odier^^^iQftWsi *'4 kai^givc to tho(^.t^;keJ!i'^»| 
 ^iieki^doKi ef hcAvti^laMiClienimmefi^feeijr . &t^oin 
 ^^«i^itl;)evier!^ Ibaii bci^b^^ 
 
 y^ hca-riefo^ and wt ij ^feig w c r tlipu fiiaUloole/oii^Qactiuf^^^^ 
 ^'It^feri %|t'liepr^fi« This letter fenicBce 4| m^.. fer- 
 
 noiiaMp\f wot^'^0^^ faliije J^ii^ri r it/wstinccm- 
 iifieiitrwith *i^ ^iBoiit. The £miiier ibmtenc^ifmpiojrts 
 the rupvfRi^ fo^WitSiAjeilk pf^ on^s^, 
 
 a^^i#jtlB^airfli«i^ rcmvtkfon liio&ovBtm^ 
 
 'm%if/\4^-^^^^mm ihepawdrtftoiwtexcpeilcdby 
 .|i$4mnifters;«r4|>9»^^^ 
 
 ■j^oy^Tntneai^'^'difkttift^'4^p^^ k«kgi 
 
 .^OQ)^«(ftt^ JlO^fsylBg:^^^ :itS^^pFC' 
 
 rt^r by thtHsa|^«oii(li,-;ii^Mi^^ &nmMm^i la^re 
 : given tiot tb ^ltir^t>iiB|> iwor 8^; the apcil^es ali>n!^,.but 
 to them, and thrQt^|{|,^|Biii, tipttHifliopt, sthct^ righcful 
 fucce»3t8 Ih ofil^^i^po^^r iiyhkh^^ th bo:w exercife, and 
 w^l cd^i^imie to eitci^fe «»thfc eodof tini^* though^iiot; 
 Otteof them does,er ev^cti^ckiiiiiv^ihe fuf^eme go^n- 
 nieiit but therightfol ftK:oei^rotl*feter. y. 
 
 Thus in alt w^ regelated kitigdoms ncit iM^ljr die fu- 
 
 fimit^, biit iU ; Aibor diliate Legifljtturet^^g^-icfted with 
 
 "^wers to ^a^liiws^ iUnd til#»rce tJii(HPltithifi their 
 
 ? |>6wer iffli|lilifL M, tfetn all. Tliu»?rior inftancei the 
 ^fJLegifl|Ltttt« # HiMuti 4 veftf d ^Diath .*pbwc»s to tm^ 
 
 laws 
 

 ,^ 
 
 •^1> ••(' 
 
 n> 
 
 l«ft Hiibje^ to the cAntit^til ^ gi|^iMtMi|i P$rltam<^ot. 
 The ipomk^ #eftiirt/ cflifbiaSn^ and lobfi^ii nor 
 
 vatdty^ lie <ti^ iij(»tffe^tlk ^i^^imh )kki(m to {Mir^ 
 pfdit thef tmS?r1iexfolv4 <JK^|eiittl«» by litr jir|;uftient, 
 1 tcicncej ^hitA theWftigiitd^r^ |t<i|fit to k^n,> : 
 
 to ftot Gonvinfciihgv-^Wt a 
 
 higliwttyman Mgcil&d of jp^bberlf wiUiiot kiiim^ iliat be 
 U gft% of theoiibdne^tljifvHM^^^ l»t 4f' 
 
 the ¥)ivoMeiaCykaOi<y 1^ #» oburl ^<l jurf^ lie il 
 iftbt tile lif okieved f<^ l^xtsciitjbii. Reijfoii^ diereiorei 
 
 mind, biit cartViot force^r^iA ifil^ttre m perf^e t^ 
 iiB«cytoii:ki^«rle^^ Tketiiaiiwh^ iaeere^itll 
 tope^^,ixnil<ildtti^^ (eizGS with mvidity <ki 
 
 t^fi^litiia^ -toe m 9, subterfuge. Mi 
 
 mtigatorhaiilt|thefl^4eeil mniacfey, hb liext dFort ii 
 l)6i: left % lie d^ te la^wiAg |»isfi^g;e firon $t. 
 AuiHh, in whkk tiele b not even » ihado# lo fit{i]^orl 
 ^18 f»retebibhi : n^mn things, %6 AuMn; are Ifioliilli;* 
 Irhich ikity fe^Ai ploperly to belong Co the a^idftle Pteti^ 
 «nd fet bave nfnt a liear £in& but ^hen they ftt« filertMi^ 
 to the church t4 that ii, i tWi/ ^<w /Aw /A< %i ^ iki 
 [kingdom fiftkmiem** ^itlhattt aTefercnce t® the church* 
 theffr iwjrtb ^»onId^onv^ nodule W: aM : for Chfift 
 ^did not j^ironnfe to veil in J^cter a «|KMKrer d^cc tibat 
 *i«gdOBi ^fHi^wfen, where Jifemnifi4i«^ 
 ahg^of 1^4 a«d to the jejjartted faints,! the {^owei- 
 whM^^^iiii&d to ghre httftmuft WexetiB^d td.i,his 
 
 -•■>5««vwa-«»wvOII l9BlTU|^^lnt'»y iO~'SM CBurcii T" Wiiat 
 
 ^'^i^l^ kiog^otn had he dn^tiaith f Hor wcW the keys 
 #vin to »werre» be yfed tff ^1^ ex<^fivelf : ihey 
 ^rct^vcn to him as chief pattor of Cfi^'s Hock, and 
 
 through 
 
 *-^x 
 
 ,tM 
 
'^ 
 
4*. 
 
 
 
 tiie flock, 5k^ *^iW<^ gfMit<jcJ%y ^ foverdg to 
 
 Wl pro^i^«e«|8 j|iirefi tbrilfigli Uie firft magii^ratey whd 
 rcpr<jfcnts r^ '^ai!^sm,y'J0m^ Austin t|ftlitt«|fii iii the 
 fame juiTage as cited l>y the cjiitig^tdi', fr^ #4 1 *' ai 
 fome Chtfigs »re ij^pJKfi^R^a^ to be- 
 
 long to Petcr/aod^ ytt_liil* idt% elfiir^^^ but 
 when reto^ ti^ tthc cbtt»^ (of whkh he I* idcnow. 
 Ie(%e^ to haVt fflp^nOed tke f perfon in a %ure 
 bccaufc of the firmM:^, , whkh hit hsid among the 
 appftleii) ;•^ this j»rciiffcei», in Whi^^ Auttiii dcter- 
 niines the genuine^nie of the lofHicr femence} not bb> 
 ingtntcb tot^e.caftlgator'aparpofc, he fwudently ; fup- 
 prcflcd, feii^i ^rimficy aumg tke eptHtles ha$ a fiarih, 
 difag^ecaWc fe>und. What fotty to cite it M all ! Aufti^ 
 did not cwifinethil priinaicy m Peter alonei if we believe 
 Wm. ; **• the ptimacy ofthe Apoftdlical Scey always 
 floiiriHied in^the Roman chulrch.*'* 
 w Hill fi^t citation t&fromJSt. Jerome^t^i'bkd pafa^e^ 
 iif which the moil irtatcrfal part is f|ppreffcd, not bj» the 
 c^igator, for the wiHer d^ ^ot^lifpea hiin to^iave 
 read u line i1^ the yc^minou^ '^^ >if iifdt eeldbodfted 
 mtitm^ antiquii-y , b«t .b<J|r^fe)wi«, firnamed Flaccui 
 JWyricvIs, in hM-emahgue'rfi^tie/et^ the repertory from 
 which the cafligaior ha^kd a volume, " thechurchi 
 fa?*^ Jt^ame, i$. foundoi on all the apoftl^, and *jiil 
 have rfcelvcd. the k^s Mi the Inngdom of heaten, 
 
 ^ the ^rmnef^^ the church reft* upon thiem 
 swpttllf. Thus far Ibe ca&igat<»p Jerome adds : ^^ fttfir 
 this amof^^thf mtive om uchoftn that the head being com 
 fiitmed^tbg Qcmjton effibifm mig/^bt Removed, In this we 
 have fcgood fpcdinen of lllyricu»*9 candour in cttbg his 
 witiie0fs» 3: 
 
 But;i|j|iii^fii«^Brenlcry to ckt lor lh||mtdemm- 
 
 of irhftiMIMIoMM minifters ciR ^ptfli fuperOitions 
 and uoft«Ml^lt anftlrittes. Joyiniao, igwnft whom 
 
 
^!*?" »:*%»;« mon^flery at Sjilan, fubjea tc> mfiiUflfc * 
 iiiies i (ihBalient of ttftrAjnt, and defirous oflihAjlttJi,* 
 Jis ippetitb, hS: retired A-om Milaft to Rome i to fufti* 
 fcfj apoflaty, and i'etrffl tetne'ftare of ^blie iosfidwce 
 •be pretehded ttat lifts md afeflfinenie *ere UnbrofitaBifc 
 aufterUiei., and aS he did «>t confijiejiis aniiifeiheBti to 
 the pleifutes oF the tibfc alonb, he addid thaf'ceiiba*^ 
 was rtotprefera|)le tothe Harried ftate (that the V»M 
 Mary did not tontinur * virgin aft« tht birth of CM 
 with ftme otheif extravaganeiej, foir ei^Or ltao#s n6 
 Bcunds. Againft theie errbrj St. Jdrom wrote the wdr4 
 ;which tbi caffigator, «n the crftjlt of BIyrlciis. cftcSi 
 for the coBdertnation of popery ! OiOup^rdU <m ri. ■ 
 pel Itccf . , , ,.,;: .--'r' . <T"^ 
 
 ^. ■!*'..*"•'!*. ^" ^ «**'*» an fioAor Stahfcr M 
 Jiid: towhteh -of the och«r 4prtmcs<fid Chrift &y^ 
 
 -B^h-T 'L^'ll '^ >!:**• "*' "''' ^"«'' *^™'<« ««f cafcV 
 
 I 5 K *"l •■"* '^ "^"^^ ^^ W5 iotiVerfion. ttf 
 
 confirm hMbrtthrea ?" Thd caftigator, to ffiew. aj he 
 
 pretends, that Chrift'. Word, import. Bbprivile« ot 
 
 tmfl£.a,prts^ He introduce. Satan preparing td take ad- 
 2«ag* of cWft'. fwrering..and majL anltack onll" 
 he apoftles, but h.. principal force wa, to be difeffca 
 « Peter." S„a„. therefore, thought Ptter « prime 
 ^T^TT. theapbftle,, or hi, prl^dpal fti^ce LA 
 not be direacd againft him. •< Satan," he a«, •• mieht 
 
 »-l"P. and mtgat hope to dep,«fi Peter-, fe^iw.'as he " 
 had .ated h.. arrogance.- Satan, therefore, kn J^ife 
 
 ■" nrrrncrpartt* te wofrwTnrthi.c»flWor iS^ 
 hfa_vmag.„,tK,„. ,„ few ,h„,d« angeu „f M.t k^o^ 
 
 ^«Wer w«*fiiorafliftaneelnoufBeceinties. m,., S 
 
1^1^ to the cvU fpiri|.|JcA#»rl<:4ge mA ^^» »^'^>«* 
 he rcfii{^ tp the angels t>| lights . l^tA^^hat i^rtOnftrP?* 
 aWu^^tl^ 4ot5 t^^#it*>* itti^iiQn lead men |n (ii^ 
 nprt of- inf omnfe ridicwlousi Which th^i^ 
 
 pi^ calling tW Iii4ucret*tn 2^iweakneis.<^ the ^pip. 
 By wWh iHs acknow^cig?d t^hjit.he finned g^tivoully, 
 by the litrlh c^th^qi prfJumpHpn, 0iva^^ 
 MMe Trtre camity cyprcffed ^^m^ the apyftW, in thij 
 ^h^^and iyi othy-pai:^QCthc afti^oA Vfork^ »?»?#; 
 the faints w^o iland Nforc the l^rotou of God^ ^ . 
 pcrfeia imagc,"if not an ^maktioiiV^if A^t r|ttfa|^ 
 which tlic aj)o{^'"t«5 ingels poh^ived; aiia y^% fe^»%j 
 againtt,t^e angcU of hght, jUrho pcrfewed in trii^h^ 
 humble obcdhsnte to their Creator. Yet after all Chrtftf 
 .words W€^« pot cmplf founds - 'they convey fome idea, 
 and if they import nclthter pr^i^ogatlyc nor prlvite^ 
 Ihey conv««yno idciatalJ. TM tift»apito^ d*^« :«^^ ^ 
 riicn atteinpt to aSx ;iny fcnfe to them: He cndcj^ura 
 j6 divert the minds <)* his readers to Satan^s wiles fp4 
 Peter's preiumption, from which he pretends to <^n- 
 elude " that Chrift only intended to ftcw the fovi^ricip- 
 If of his gra«e to b»ck4ia<prs by iiffMrbg Petc|i tbf 
 though the ex^rcifc of his faith might tcr^imatc, %J1 w 
 a principlt it would remain In his hesfft." In this^tiw- 
 fanglcd cpmrncDt tlierfi. arc as many errors as lines. 
 Men V intentions arc deduced firom their words. ChrlT 
 
 thishcfaic : it wOT niSl TOi;. nor couifii u dc nis ii)vcn^« 
 to confqle Peter under Ws mi«jfort\joe, for Peter di<^ not 
 thenforcfec it: it was not yct.forC^old. ]Ayf««»>°c 
 fcnfe of flSf affiige is to be coUeacd from Cnjrm^own 
 ^otdsftc (peaks to PeiCr : ** Simon, Simon, SaUn ha? 
 aflE^^>r ye, t<^a! >ir ^T>i^ht Jft ;(e j^ wficat.- FrogLthy 
 firft {civtenccU'ippc»r8..iliat Sataj^^o cxercile nq <:ruc^ 
 tics, cither by himfcj£,or Eis cmifar1cs,9«^|« P^^F °' 
 O0d,f tt^^^er^^ it ap^p .alfUlP^il* 
 
 . W?'** 
 
 o 
 
 vti 
 
Md the whole churclidf<^4Wo%rhcD.bbt^^i^ J' 
 luttiit^/ rke Savidt^r's W6^$, thpii^' dirtied to F^I 
 ter, wetligteiJei^l, and niuft beun4^i^o«a6f |y whMc 
 ^rck, whkh Peter as it$JM^paftpjitt tbe divine b^^ 
 ence^refcntct! : for this is one of ^^ ekprcOiphs, 
 which^hbwgh faidfitf^fetet^qiii^t cpovejr a clear^^ntetiir 
 ^CB i-efcrr<rd tc^ th^ church, h th<j next lentence the 
 gviottr conSncs hi^ wprds to I^eter, iying- "btttf 
 %epfayed for thee, tfet thy fathihould not m^U 
 eoipftd, ^ as it is in the original text Milr^ thirprwr 
 cannot b^ urtderftbod of Peter'a %il per|ev«rance Ji^ 
 j^Hicc: fotthm did not pray alecottTiinw l^r ihrf 
 ftinc ^ing, aiid hf p»y«d % |fi^fi»il |ie|£5iab<^i» of 
 m the elea of y?hpm Peter ^as one-t|i% j^ii. " Holy 
 father ijrcfervyj^ in my naip^, whom you have ^fen 
 
 %o me 
 
 k I ^V ..ippir^P^^%P<5^«rfS|»,tpjwrf Anting the 
 whole cI^uFchTOufe he ordered him in virtue of thig 
 F|vi^con%reci onhim to^^^^ br«hn-n, the 
 
 I'ayefof JefiisChrratnuft ^undecftood of a preroi^ 
 !|v^con^rM^the«rap^or of histiurch, Jl^ 
 
 ^r^^S -' \''^'^t>'^^^ Andas tU 
 
 cnnit s care of his ^rch continues^aadl t2t will »,*.«« 
 ^•^'tfiectiddfilme. ^'^^^^^^ ^ 
 
 The caftigator ortnes at jengtii to SkJW^^ord, 
 
 httii- 1? *" ^'"f tl^fi invincible rea&^ by ^ 
 ;.! IJI^^ • ''^ remarks on Goaor Sunfer, p. .L^ 
 
 'Script '^vir;'''"'*:;''*'^'^*^ ^^ 
 
 "WMnei w feed, denota aUb to gowrD," but fc* 
 
 thiulo 
 
l^lc t^, tothis tlie Ivr^er, replies/ jtti^ be is ftifti^ 
 |)0rtc<i by ilrt (enfe'^f i?ia^^ tlw? pn*? »i?Jport$ th^ 
 
 ^^: t||t tlM? &<WJircl, H?s U^e power of >ading tfe^^ 
 
 3jic iicM wrtp|i th^f r Qvvii pafturcs, ai^4^%t the ,%cp aii^ 
 olbUgeito 9^«y h»n?i are truths whlcl^ np iria^i^ wl^o ^^ 
 ^rty^ainsofr^rpp win ^en^ Wm<i tji? ter^n E^om 
 y(ed, both la (acred ani propjianc hiftoiy, to fignify \ 
 §ovcrei^n?^l?f,' 1^ in th)^ fecond book of th^ 
 
 fliad, frequentlj bUs Aga«?cmnPn the, p^ftpr "of the 
 |Pp|; Thusfcf i^ftan^ 
 434|iirr^ photo ' mkem A^af^mmm jffm^ J^n^ 
 
 Th|^|p1j|aiyftf by the proi^t Ifli^| caMs tha^ c^^ 
 IcbViM"* (ip^uerPr Cj'rit hit paftor, " who lays to, 
 tyti^f^%mr,hkfnfr is tbirffrob^, x. L. Iv,^8. The 
 ^atbs't^^|\^ tofufeam^^^ ^^fedby th^ 
 
 (icrlapiii^nV Thus Ps. ii;*^*^ fliakr«/?' them with, 
 irddorlr^% the original V*^ '¥^ Ihalt/w^ them."' 
 tNrhmiNll^^9$^' harv^^^^ Hence the eyangcUft &t. 
 1Wa«fe«r xi.'^'iiJ Ilii? p*Hag« dted from Michcas St^,^ 
 •• fttim thee ihall come forth for inc/ a |ci^ ^A 
 
 ftcd niy pl4*«^^^V' ^^^^P"^^ the Hebrew tfrfi^ 
 Mofif^ which fijgwfies %/w^m^« byfthc <;ir€ek^arma 
 *'^ J!|m/^«oj epipomanhr that i^ a leader who t^^ 
 
 though the caftigatot i^dmits that the Greek term 
 *pmmatiei' Mf^tbmlfikg wiftl as to feed. He? pretend^ 
 that the cfetfof l^ettl fill ^ot admit \fna ycepUtion : 
 ♦' Ihc Couhcil," (ays l\fcp' ^ hi^^ dtycrccd tha| no pcllbi^ 
 _ ihaU dire oiy l^^fatfac t d re je ft'the V^uipf c on any ffc- 
 _ Whatlbc#rln difj^utatioiis.^* B\it tlie Coun^dac? 
 rimfdftld any pcffdn to uftdcHlanci the Vulgate, ip rljc 
 feiifrintctidiid by the in%ir<xl writers, which thfj term? 
 
5$ 
 
 I n^r 4^^'^^ the lan^ 
 
 'i£i}2.t venerable^ 
 
 jiih* It^y&fft fgjl^r af tftpir hcJMdy dirtf^icd 
 fe;ri^.oinwl^om, aS; wj:rt|rtidil«f ijgwntl tM ^^eooii; 
 ivm^-nnpr, whifl^^^ke UgbteiiHigv. hla^tcifccibi 
 
 fah)^ lattfi y|T4f^BS thee Jitp^Kcd, declared only 
 ^entlq. 'il Tfci pj^clatc^fa^, ^ii ait^ithnwntv 
 pr pretencf ;0f cnUghtt^ing ^tofr/jpwidffe* 1% 
 
 ;, that i^i tha dmdf fcrip^urcs, were poif^ilied b^tii|; 
 
 iiseofq vatrie^y o( ^ref^oiis ag|.e6ing in notftj^l l||fiiir|||||i 
 ffagreemeiil ; t^ach n9W.|^rto»^m^;«;iM 
 lions l^y t^^#rii|ijBt^ fittiiig J ^ 
 
 (halved Q|»iwoEia,:»r>dolXUrad»ig^ ' 
 
 igination on his deluded fi»%iili»lyi|Cffwi|i|^^ 
 
 m bte cjinonic^]^ aiid for <ii^iti<ffi||ii4lii#^ ^ ^ 
 
 |iildr^% fey,9 ; " inorcovfer, tlle4»"« h^Jr%««^>«^ 
 leriwg ^^ h ytfiW bfi of alo fmatt adva^tag^ to .#»- 
 ^jifch oC God i40f thiy^nMi^i^tioiii of th^fcrip^rfiH ' 
 fpcrfed/tj^t,' iii^lc^ Js itlithcqtic m»jp *lfc knovu^* d*. 
 :s ^nd ^l^e^thitftim i^aHdctm^iditkufrnti^ ' 
 r^Ki>i approvii icr the church fry .lliiftiMi^ <oi^« 
 myage(^«....be htklly authebili^(^if|ilvi^i 
 kiitnlgate edition had bcien cxclufivclyin ufti,in'*pi 
 itiflchurcl>i.CiMr ininy agffs ^in mhcrc ^iwreTno crrjorr 
 faintt laith or roortlliy j^ the text was not corriipt 
 / ^^^^^ ^ ypiWifeiP hich, under pretence oif r ccfctt'^ 
 Ingrd^km to prilB^iVo fim^oity? corrupted both the 
 »th and mi^oi the incaiitiaus viaimB of iti M^^^ 
 'SlT^JiiPil^yposrAphijcal wron, and corrca tMb^. J 
 .' 4 which. 
 
■SW 
 
 c^ *r vaigM&^igf^ *!^m^0^^ stk, in the 
 
 . th|gte^ip#l|.ii|«! flNiy:^i|pi|i^^.<|MBi»pWi|li% -^ith 
 mt^miilm^ fMHi^^ true rUdiig : fo^ ^ih ift 
 t l|gjl^ twy«yi^ i$ found, 
 
 i'iM'i'flPiiMii%|ior ^t«ir€eit th«m and tte pi^^ 
 ^«^*«^*«Wfl<^|liif »«lityppgrapHitaI error, 
 
 \9^ tiav»«vi^ t^ ^ujip^^ ta think tk^^iimi Mm^m 
 o§t^mifv^ kttiidre^lM ^itltttMq pv^m^ tSmmt mif 4t^ 
 
 ^p^iliKaf an tpoflflniriRinM»«iMrtPiN 
 
 Scotk. An4 we <»iinDt k^ aidffiltinf '^2i^ <^Hflkgafi( 
 
 *^^^mkmW^^fk,wh»ymt^ them. 
 
tgi^vifBHWWcft Oft ^ pn^Mi^0 mm^ ^ 
 
 (.her ij#..||^,|^gh prid«.;«iwviU!M^fi»^ > ^nimm^^m- . 
 
 ^^ n^_ wcfg cUa%ur«d to fit thiit^tiii ftliliii> 
 
 [thei:. i^omimioo^ iii!h|^|ii« ^^i;mmKw^ afalwftilicf» 
 
 >u&kid. "— ^^r^^r^rn^ rriTiiiUKlifll' iiiiiifiiiijiilt' 
 
 PaOing Mie Qounc^ l>( TiJiftf 1^ oil^giitor findiitlii^ 
 Pc^, in bif apoMf c cUt^ilcHiii^teaekfiiB^ clttiijiii, 
 
 rhicb ii among y©m' j^q« wlikli te coododeft dkit 
 j.hrift'a wordH^Piiifr aflbrdygifiigfl^bibf^ 
 ^sn who un4iBra*nd |ajtgw^e|§||>j|i?vioua kt^, 6m^ 
 " op|K>fitc conclulipn : for what nkto f^ap^/h^9i'dh 
 
 7i$ns t^teatbiftU the churtk t^Owi, to ruU tbe^fink itMl 
 Um^ tbm^h^t to exiEend the oires ol die diM 
 ^ftortothcfiibordinatepaftpfs, and through thoBtotiie 
 
 fp«aivc por^n» of ali6fioqjkcomll|iti^d<ot^i^'|B|ux^ 
 
 ^rdid not dtfta tl»miliiiMAil*wMc fibdk <rf Jeifiii 
 
 pimft, of wK«:h thicy the«i^clv«| cp^ apart, but 
 
 
 ';■* ■ 
 
 ?• 14. 
 
^^rgfagce, the mdkmf this ta^: db^llfcd paftor miift| 
 reft thdrfaUM or^ td fj>eak more^i^gi^^^ 
 %nd this lis !*hat he calls mjdit^^l^i^^* i ft)l<s andl 
 Efficient rule of faith : thkt the et^njeaute* is^^j is| 
 not 4ii!icult to {hew. u Chriftiat^ Already fiiffictoi^j^^re- 
 ^vefd P^tei? by that look of juittf whic^ brdbght th^l 
 "tearsfrmtihtaeyes ; and which be tontidlljlli^ii^c: 
 kafiotjaliy tio ;th« end of his careeff '#and6St hiftciry telt 
 ma^ 4^^mm,: was. k> pcceffarf f )p lukti^ M^ho knc«ir all 
 «hm|3, totgiye at^8^|^||#ie fiocerity of Peter's love } 
 Ja k^ew ie^^ IIM had iiiidl that he gav«^ pfctcr an oj> 
 #wifumty* of mewkg.b S|| |tl i M I^ ^ to| 
 
 ^IPlNi^^p&Ji^tiv 1^^ aitf>t4iat by^x: 
 
 #|Bf|i^^profeffi#ri <^i|iipi|»Jipiiwed thai he would 
 hot cnlriKfeiit|a|i.ifca!^ , of t hig flBi|i|iigib the man whd 
 
 .loved him, >ll%^toinent wbUld hive ifee» fDuhditld in 
 ,truth. It was im coofeqjiwnce <of Pe«fcr*s cdnfeffion ofl 
 
 %^th, that Chrift'{)romifed *i^|^|W*4liScharch t^ himi 
 ^ on a foUd i^Ock; ; to^cdl||M|^ cdntre of unioq 
 %Hkkia^^qeinents. ^tht 4)^rtM|MI^MMNlM 
 tuiWin^, and nnstcs the»n int^'^l4i^^e^ whjoleJ 
 Preparing to fulfil the promife^ he en^^s a pf6feffion ofl 
 iawty to fliew, that charity k not lefs necefikf y to fit thef 
 isateriali for the building, ; thafi feith^aW^tii^cr tlie| 
 f{)srttofrillu(iion may pretend' to' the conti '[ 
 
 But the words of Ghrift are iadepeniNlliili comments I 
 or cprvjecluTcs : in the natural and '^iiliiis fenfe,* t^e 
 
 ^y fenfe ii which they tim^eY anf l|if at all, they 
 
 a in Peter a power of ft^k^ f he ibj ^litf S jl g l h , the 
 
 |-^-V rf riniiftHiftiiKli iii>lliig|£ttn I iiliili ITilTiS^ Till I 
 
 i^ticfheep. HithortoU wal^hOught that the 
 
 .genericai 
 
 • v.< 
 
gi!i!ei9ciltcrm;^*^^as ilicorrcfpond^^ to the v^.ci?*' 
 term prabatm, fignificd widiffercntly male or %najc. It 
 W^mW appear fhat Chriift mm tbofughtfo : tw^ifi pr 
 ^Wri^en fewral tiwci h/ft r<^tcd t|c feme mmm^ 
 m iaitldK&rcpt inflexionl, dcfcr^ag his tiocE Joh^i 
 «^ and thp^k length concedes; 16, ''tienn^nbemik 
 
 JhM <»w>fc^i thcr^for^ was not y^; ibrmcd i lior w:i3 
 ^his me Jhepherd^ tt ap^mted to qSncfu^ m jhis b«p 
 pr9n^/ed:Jh<fherd rouft^of ^aU neceffity Ipc diftind frpm 
 JeCus Chri&j for J^tShrift Wasbphi a ifibcpher^ b was 
 ^cn the good Ihcpherd ^ he cillfs^ ^iinfcif repej^cdly 
 ^ the%ie c^>te^, orkSt; Miiils^ |iim ^'fbe^at 
 fii^ird f^th€ Jheef*-^* powfekdlin pnbaiin meganJ^ m^. 
 mv. ao, Theapoftle aMb forgot ^ indude th^ rani$. 
 It»o|ninou^% the cafttgatol-, tfcat xhh Utit^erd 
 pr^ifed, John Kth^ we :find aa^lly appointed, John 
 auH. and ordered to feed the flock; The caffigator did npt 
 cicercife his fegacity to its full extent, or he would have 
 ^^re^ that neither the goafii hor the hogs, wcrcln- 
 li^uded. thefc» together With the rams, and other (ala>. 
 i Glow aniinals, ^m referved U the paftoral cares of the 
 WirtetfO^crg evang;eUft and his affociates, in Whofe gof. 
 pel are fdi»Rd tlw: indift>cnfible prcc^ts of propagatlmr 
 the hunmn ^cies, and inditing Se pleafures of the 
 table, as th^arrow path which leadd to paradife. 
 ^ ,Hcatc9;fomr|«iflkgiMromthe fathers who fay that 
 5*^f ,%,^ '^''^'^^ confeflion expunged hif triple 
 Wenial. What thei^ Does any <^theie ^hers % tK^ 
 K^brift did not mim. hti? to feed his flock ? Many p^f. 
 S«M inore, he fay^, might be adduced; Tes, hut pafliiKes 
 trom the Alcoran or the Hanfcrit would be as inuch to 
 Ais purpofc, jhat is, to &\ a pamphkt, and perfuade a qre. 
 I dulous uninformed people that U refutes a. work which 
 yU not to be ffiliittd bv ai^wunirfif. Tw hU n»nr..f:n., c 
 , Au8,o],e»,k^ ,h,t venerable prel.te fpenk nonfa*. 
 ,u,tent.on,Ujr.p.miaeadi«wl,en Chrift f«idto Vfttt, 
 te ftid to »11 : fecdw ^eep." Ifall ate fliephetds whejt! 
 
*ttm iti itthcratt ^(attt ^ tkugtitta feeJicte that U 
 liii^ y iS<^ f^fr \hk ilM a^tiwsnty td feed tfi^ 
 ib^Hbf dbitt; 4^hie|k te iipoftl(^ reea^ed from m di- 
 lW^ mitte^ hibtkj A!s iftiMiditicIn c^ brcac!irn|f coblers^ 
 A^jic^;&c. #licn A#ia ISy^, that Cljrift faid toill: 
 ^^th^ ft^' i^ ab^; ttd^ ^^ai Gf S fein a«d wbto 
 
 #iibilb|k!ii1my fitis% ted th^it i^^sHvfc pDjn^ . 
 
 161 tirm*4 yiie ioacltRrtiftiid tb tfrrfr <j»^. %hd i»»| 
 Mttfie"^ote vfeftMi frt tlti^n a^a i!i iheyjtbt Jnd* 
 0i;ri0Be duty bT feJ^^rtiiTng thatpo#er fbl-tKc ^cifirft 
 ^FtlitftockV dtefefrariti a p^dhioMb &iiiikr toktt 
 HiferdiHM jjahdb" i WKat power is i^elfted tft ihclb^eft 
 M^pi^te iii ilie Mfc 4Jiit that, -wfifai 5« feiVed frbm 
 th^ lii^heft ? If Pe^ Was hefted #!th fd^bri rfe^ea 
 
 hfe litiiiretf ftdiiidBcerdiMh^ii ii#iriw*v«i^r^«ft 
 
 tliit \mm Mb tHcy Maid defcend toiH f^ift» IB 
 my ihftitutfed i rlBt tb feflf ct^ri^itii'ted te^Hifei^^^Sm 
 &Mers iiid padbi^ nbiiiiftitiid ifr*1hftUiitcti by atca^ 
 IMlbf WAt Ji, bf w^veri ^Wd t^ibrsi di^ i iPPfe^ 
 ^irty dip did Wdfiifeti. thiere ts fetak; thing farcicaWy 
 rldJtMbtis In the iifcir^ iii afett ^fie firtl tfrigtftrate is 
 vetted #M^1J pyw^n td gbvfefh the ftat^ Wort tfiefe 
 poweri are xibtiebjfeftrfed by hiin!el£ iri per»fa, thef ^t- 
 fed in jjro^drtibktc fh^rc^ th al^ iibdHitiitf diBcrs. 
 jiiilin therefdre *ft4 Aiftbrdife, whorti he cttfes alfb, were 
 ^Jliftitelii feyltigtliit i;^hei^ Chrift (aid tb M^ - jfie^^/ 
 ikep, felfobie td them adib ; fey ^at (Miir adthdtity 
 did Aii^^^v^fb titedidtdfe df Milan ;brA«ftfiim 
 didcHc of Hi^b, bxit that, Which was d^i'^ed from Jc 
 fus Chrtft tllff-d%h Pfetcr atjd his fiiccefors f '^fty was 
 it thit thefc Udi^ brelates W^ fH ^iJtadS fer liniin^i' 
 "ifrip[t^f*s^irticteffbrg inThc^B^ Rui^ne, wijiBI Iftty 
 palfedlniaicntc iH thtir dWtr pted^flbrs itt their dif- 
 ftrfent Sfeesrbut td (he W ttft ibiirte 6f theit epifcdpal au- 
 thority? 'rherc is not i catljtc fcaiibp in tWe'dhrfftisft 
 
 ' ^ wdrfd, 
 
^i^Lq and m^o%, n4^^^ fS^^ ^<$ i^Mfi 
 
 j^ly. tj^ laity, i|iU?patjot 1»^ lai^j)^, ^fi^V^afo ti^jjr 
 
 the third, c^baei^oj^ %^fi %T^ q>iftlp ^o^lilSMJfs %i? 
 ** though the ^hplc f of)4 bejppg to <>q^, y<^ ti»c iiif^ 
 
 # called his. hP«&.o^wlM<ii P^WJlft^ (^c 'M»l5n HPTOti r 
 
 ^ppnti^ is thiMay ^^ f)!^'^" I 
 
 4#W? his funeral pratjpji^o^ br^liqrQatyrMS h{! 
 
 |fcy%pf hiflj,: ,** l|e a^d th?.b|ftop i£^ fgjt&^d )^^ 
 ^^^c^bipip^, th^t isj >^th th^ gonaiifiifhiirch.*^ T. 4 
 ' To theinaiiy teftimpmes %fAdiac^4i h<^ Auftitt,^ tS* 
 iKrrirer add$ OjA^ inore, tP (h^w nof t^e Vjifilty^but <ii^ 
 ^rontjcry p£LU)& fcrihbter mhb dtcs Hifit 'f<» the con- 
 demnatiPft of pop^. *^ The ^primacy p£ the apoftoiical 
 See always flodridied in t^e iRoinan Ghuith> 
 
 ' Se^ the jtefti|nopies of anckfit w/itei^ 5)dt|i the writer's 
 rcafoning on tiie iuhjel^ JW-M? remarks op po^or Staiy* 
 fer's, p. 5176 . , . : , 2oi^,\»hi(^ t|ie'calp^ffatpr vcry^ mu- 
 dently pifffea uDnoticfed. ' ^'''■''-■^r-.," - . ./> 
 
 a dpariiie i|gh|5^ |jrptei|j|nii8 ac^ijiPW^dgc tp h^^^^^ 
 
 l^orn, and }vh^<?h tjSe^fiier has Jjj^j^n to he cocyali.wi.tll 
 
 <^>fl?*n!ry? J||c 5#«B^W^; l^» ^ rf>? CPU wi pf 1^ 
 fjll^. i%|^J5ct€^>jyords,];^lfche^W^^ 
 .tj^|tn0;^^p)i|(i9p^in favQurpf his (upi;en:?J^cy canbf 
 
 frojp Jth^J^ (0{ ti^ cpui^cil, tfc*t cajipiicS Joew Pfstcr'j 
 fuprcmaiqy^ h^ut frotn the wprds of Chri{t» John 3y|^ . 
 which a^t^tchiS %i^j|ieaie|)^r oF^C5hrp^'«^flQcIs|" 
 hpwcycr, ifmk%!^6^^Sp M» l^c cpttncji^ 5;pjaihinc4 
 
 * Aug. Ep. i6». . 
 
tritkdtlier dr<:iii^ftai^c^ ftieftllriitig prefumptlve ev*» 
 ^Qce is drawn as baffle all tSbm at cvafion : f6^ if it ^ 
 true, as Peter fays, th^ '6^ ' cliofe him among the a* 
 'lAes, that fi'oni !iis liioiit^ c^e0ti;itUes'ihould hear tb* 
 ird jind believe,' A^ xv, it is tkerelofe triie that W 
 ^w the firft ^ftor of the'Gentifes'{ and if it 6e flm^i as 
 fcP^i fa^s, CJal. j. 7v that the gol^l b^ the ci ream ii(ibi»| 
 ^t U of the jews, was ehtruftedio him, heWas there-^ 
 fori firft paftor^of the JeWs.' Hehce it manUtftty IbUo^, 
 tha^ lie was that one fliepherd appointed ' to cbndu^i 
 that one lock cornpofed pf jeyrs aod Centiles^ as ChrillE 
 had proinifed, John xth. When afteir fpeaking of his 
 llieep thet) in ^h^ Jewifli fold, ^ (aid : •*!' have other* 
 ^eep, *#hiJ|Ch arc not bf this fokj, and thcfe iRiuft briniij 
 home, and thcic wiiV be madi one flock and one 
 ^epherd»", The.Ga(b'g^pr i^ liis i^cxt cfljiy will rccolIe<a 
 ,^t (^pclo&ve iptfpniog ^ not ^valid^ted! by t^ of 
 St, Anthony's preac^ng to'fi(l|i^: He ^a§ jnric^cdi th« 
 world with a ne\«r comment on %hfi z^s f^^jlf^imkal 
 The writer' y^^, tiifl, \^ l|i^i^ r^rriari^ <i|i XJo^or $tanfpr, 
 >«hat thej^oyn^il adppte^^ th| dcci^pn of Peter, to whi^h 
 the cimgator rejjlies : *^ it^ happened tp be the 4ccJfion of 
 James whicf^t^c council fpi|owcd,** p, 40. fhis 'fyln\ 
 of divinktion,' Vhich he invariably cbnrufts,J|tf 'fllM 
 groisly ifnhpo^d on the mnpcent man'a ■ jr*^****^ 
 11 fports ^tth his imagii^atton,^^ fnogetts a contj 
 fn a few lines i '^^I^ter iaii,^ he Sy^ <* declared his' 
 pittioA that it was wrong to fab)eA thefe 9^^^ 
 ceremonial' laW.'* 'What t PetW lad aflreai;^ d«^ii^ thie 
 <|\ieftiori iitforc James had fpqVen a^ siU| a«4 i^NSwi* not 
 his decilibn that was^fbAdwecl l^hat toonftiijrl ? How- 
 
 ever," cdntinu«« the caft igator, **' James ihc^iiht,*f, Bid 
 Ja mcs thlh|s; tfia\ Pfctcr was in crro*t, and Wt|t ?the Oeri- 
 tile cQnvwts Wcr^ 'obliged to obicrvctKe^ceremo^^ 
 J^ ? Ill Sr. Luke's Tey^t^t' we find no 0^^ 
 Peter did hot offer ah ' opiiiiftn. This caflSgatbr does 
 not know thVforce of tht xirm opinhiu. "tliat apofllc 
 fiadihewn, by uiiqueftionable authority, that coverts 
 
from the heathefliupMition, weti^npf^ obfig^d W ob^ 
 
 fervc the <crcniohikl lai;lr. Thiw* §t. LuKc delates the 
 
 , tranftclion, A6b st^,** After a gpreat difcufliofiliaatxicii 
 
 Imji^,^^ tb ifhem ^* mcnVbrct1ii*cn, yda 
 
 fcnowtftsir, frotfi formci" days, Go^ choie' amoiig yoil 
 
 ithatby ttjy mouth^^theiiaddn^s ftbuld hea:r tfce n^brd df 
 
 bhc Gofper a^ iscl^!^ J iriil^^v thii Mr^he^ df 
 
 nbcam; tcftified ft> th^, givinfla^hcm th6 holy Gfio{^ 
 
 IS ^6 us ^ attd * he mad*^ np diftmaioii l^twtf^tt tis ani 
 
 poi, purifyfhg their htirfci by fetth. ffjow^ thcreffei^, 
 
 hrhy do you tempt God td ifldpofe a yi^ dtr tfefe riecfcs 
 
 itor we <^U|a 
 
 CJIirlft, we b^ 
 
 ^ty> If thw ife 
 
 I,* the'chriftiatt 
 
 fiimes was fo far 
 
 if the difirfples; wfiicb neither cmk 
 ear, but by the grace of the D 
 [ieve to be faved rn the fande md 
 ot the dcdfiontivhlth the cotinc- 
 'Orldhas tert hlthcfrtb dttcfve^.. ...^„ ^,, ,„ ,^. 
 om contr^diaing fe;r, tHat^fter fearing lP»6ulaiii 
 iarnaby relate the figns ani prodi^es, whieb Goi 
 Tought by them ambngil tbe Gentiles, he proceeds t4 
 icwtIatPeicr»s decifion ^:iik authorifcd by the prd- 
 ^efei : «a»tftr they ceafed fo fpeak, Jamls^ anfWredy 
 ^tJg : m^i %rethrc^ K(^M hj^ : Simbn^ has Oiewa 
 ^GodferiJ ivifitec^toi^^c from the iiatfonii peopte 
 Im namej tbe ij^ofds of the prophets a^r# Wth 
 ?. • ' '^ <at% fife pafeges from tb<! prophetical 
 rmngs^et^dudes byjfkyitig, as Peter did h|fee : 
 ^efoi^iUdeetliattheyx^hba^^^^^ 
 s^Gentila beW iMdrbed t»^h<Sre ends the deci (ion 
 r^^^*?/?*^^°i^^ tliatis, whetlier convert* from 
 -^ath«r ^ i«^e|)Wige(» t(y bbfch^ the^icrwifli 
 •^lal l^w^or not. Jafecs then propcSt^^tb M^a a 
 * '^f.l^" caftigat6r.1|;nOraii[tiy con^unds wifh 
 decfibn of the cjuedidi of feid, and moftin! 
 ^^itio i^ ^jtiyke^aftfee 'Vitals ofthe pre. 
 
 ^f|^c«eoiHhtapoflI^^ 6,^i.i^^ 
 
 ™ tht?-queftiOn : ddarfries of greater bonicrSr 
 ^ more .IiffictUt difcu^bn alt beUevedon tbc ^ 
 
 ^■Mi 
 
«it|r of ail ai^jjlcw^ .JitJaicrefore tbc appfttef aflcnjiil^jlj^ 
 co^nciil fpr t^?4ec|j^i^ ^f ^tbi& qtj^ftion, it ;i^ to »uti|9«i 
 
 pile, :f(^ %hi^ed&3k'^wS^ ^p^oj^sin, ffituiir^gicsj 
 . 4iortti ?v^ph ia y^t p^^rv^ f ri^ by ^hij^t^^ein^ 
 tipvati/^ <qIF ^HO^ic^l Refprmiils li»ve b^ fupypff^^ ^ 
 |k juie (pipiijifpco^bfy ?y<^f^ry t9 pr^cnyi^ the ia|)iiicy f^ 
 ji»u|^ ^b?it j^Q(|er^ ^tforfl^s^ in pj^pofiWoii tp t^dj: 
 
 ll^PHflit ti^pip«r to^^fo^^^ j^parine of .C^vi^i, ^ th? 
 
 j^HHlfii n?Jt^r(BJ ftiwl<efs >^ and ^mj^, P^c^f^?! pJ^ 
 theolpgy arl^jcy^, %}c]tly n^^yin^l, had ;p^UJh?jl a 
 l^he^ ?gaipft i^f?« W y/M'rk C^vb> i^Pi^tr jnc i? ?feted 
 Jgkf^fe ^f|n»: *ViifeP!^ed by ^ et<?raf»l dcpwepf 
 #ftf!|^hat acpp^ig^ in<^n |<MD«^Puid% (^v,<(jj ^ii^i §rt^« 
 #sif»n€<|^" lie prc^grs p|i bpth fidci i^^i?i«|d ,tbe 
 pifl4&oi(.ti^pe^,Vi^c«ii t)»cfiC9p4c came |q 
 
 j^^s,. ^ ,^yil war.^jtf t|i|rcaCeiied^ Tfie^^E^P^|k^- 
 Ijjifi&id^, ^pprcifeiQtcd to jthe S|sUC3 9e^r^tf|j|^ «|i£h 
 a diyl^pn JDigbt ei^^aoR^rtl^ %f<Ay' ^Jflj^ Republic ; 
 tf^ the dqc^fi of (ufha qu?;^!^ 4i^ j^t bdpn|; to I 
 .|i^ jpiftra^, >yjho h^ ^\t^^^ }^l0^^j\\^jm\ 
 IJJIiy^ without cfjd; jbuf ,tp fSwofi^l C^^dW,jfJi9 
 ifrofliW 4cc^<!T^f*<>^ thfifeppj^iJoM was f^ftcnt ^th| 
 tht wordcH^God. A Syiiod w^ ajf^^lfi^^ft J^^M^^ 
 ^^ojafp^^ pi 4^p^4<^,|ipifl^^ jt^ cliiM^c^cf j^ fc^ppe, I 
 Tiffp^0lM. acporifing ^0 €afii^*| flji^, t^fjfc pf^ i^;?aiWf 
 
 ?iftaHi|j||cnt g Kurppc^ ^^^j^^rror o||,al|diPfi4.iWlr»^ 
 f:xcony|iun|q^iOn wan ift^tjC » ffiP^^iiHto^ 
 
 Jk^eveld-t, and n^^ny pi^^ ^rir^iniajjs^^^ 99^j wc^'^ [ 
 |^^h;»ppYvifliiOj |||^It^j^g»r|pbk,ift^^ ^ 
 
 called, wl^ appealed tp^^s %?damcnt^ dpri|i4plp 9^ tiie| 
 Kdpnr.jtiona, jq onDolj^ig«t9^he autbori^BBi»^Sy^^) 
 
Tl^ 
 
 ■1 ■ ' J »f 
 
 that inMRtkifiiy x*4<iafl6t^ WS^ «% imk^iB m 
 
 catholic chtofai^ aiid bri tl^ ^d%fj^ feinfe p^ W 
 
 t^hich h W|i c&lrficd, ^at H on tfic ^rtriife 6f Cl^iW^ 
 
 t® hisN:hiiitli?, ^h^ % : « ^Hat CHttftf^bd liad pt6i 
 
 fhilid td Bis zpdSm itit fpirffe. df tnitir, laid iffd pi'o. 
 
 imlfea td h»» cttufeh llcr bt iWip tAh to,** h«at6e thtfy 
 
 i^nclto^i** MV#M |afebi^ftrom litiahy coutitrifcs are 
 
 ^afibfabled idilc<ycafeHii% to thle Wdrd 0#<3kid» iti^ 
 
 ^ipiry t6 teach in the chut-ches that it miift b^be^ 
 
 i^tSS^ith a fitm* cbifiddnce that Jefud Chtik wdoW be 
 
 [Mli Ihcrti aat^^diftjg to his prottiife/' This doaririe 
 
 I Was botto^i^d IfVditi the Syhdd df Delpht, and cah^tmeJt 
 
 iliithatdf iDdrd]^etht.^ - «ii.i;^i 
 
 rrdni thfc au^hiintic doarihe olPfhe rt{<^tim Mtitlt^^ 
 
 \frk itif kitty tm m\y thi ircteffity, btlt th6 ittftflH^ 
 
 [%,# this mlejpi^fcribfcd bythcapid[llck for thddecifidtf 
 
 pf q%cftidhk offtith 5 but the rule fa not (idififiiTcd in'crd/ 
 
 t^ tdnticdvtel-ted dc«fh1fl||k*rliir ii thtf ajjsftlcs afieiiti 
 
 to, aM% jdi the ^aflt^% Chrift's^urch. did %f 
 
 Ithidinftdfcifl&ftical authority eiiaa a law prudentiaflf nib 
 
 ^effary, confidcring the circumftances of time and |^ax^, 
 
 [and obM^ aif tU felthftii to*dbft*v€ It; it^^d^ 
 
 lUlthbutii contradidtdn, that thei/fucceflbii«dlic^ 
 
 ^aVfe ^cd^d ^th the fiitt^ pdWers of knaaing I»1h^- 
 
 deht^lfjr^t^difry f -liiKii^ ^ibrtrettOclncc i»ore tck^ 
 
 hd jfll feftfl^iiillllr^ lip^ehaaedbythea 
 
 It^f a liw of abftf^ehcfe : the Couttdf 
 
 iithftil to abftaih troin this fldh of anlmali 
 
 I'dm Mi»id,atfd froth litteits bifered to hm, 
 
 Jia xm^Slit thought thlt it #aS la#Mpl »..««.„„«. 
 
 fimh, \^h!ch ^ are good i A tHemft^^ for all ' ^6$m 
 
 cttinrisi at^e good ; they not only thought it lawfifli 
 
 Hi by a pofitive law ordered ii it be done. Thii doc* 
 
 'troBi 
 
 N*|t*/)^ 'Wyfi B^ri^i; the faittll of the entoyi^ntl 
 
 of tfii lkb%l ObKge thetH I0 it^ frotn the geM 
 
 ^.> „ 
 
 * Air. Oor. p. i«. 
 
tliiijjgs of this world i Tliey jhHU ^(^^p|ii.^|a^^ tfcij 
 
 the fo^irce t if d ; Cund^ttiefital prmqi|>Ie of ^ rcformati- 
 onSjwhcther in Church ot SlKite, is li^r/y, thatis.cii^D-* 
 qpatioii from «%aipts. I|Qwe?er, in thi^ ji^ortifying 
 <j|0*Cfcc, th<i;^ig|^^ Ibmc^hing p his pwrpoie : 
 
 ** t^ t|u:y ibftaip fyov^ the poUiittoiis pf iraages,f* It is 
 rather ^ofortuirate that pief^p jpol{ufio/u''^tifima^ ire pnly 
 £bunc|^ Jp ^Jtiis jowfi, ;, PS^lut^ imagination. ;{QiefC ii^ 
 BO Aith-.^g in the dcf^^ *Um^^<ipi4ei;^il^i^^.:t^n 
 
 which c»n figntfy npthingeifc butto abftain from thiriff!! 
 defiled by .^ing offered or ^dnfefratcd to i<Joh. Where 
 has this^ cadigator- founij |hat idol and image are fyno- 
 mrobtiil . How has he dijtcpvered Wjiat np Icxicogra- 
 phcf^^knew bcforfi that J^iSlon an^ Eikon ire of the 
 im^lpprU Was q«(ar*^. ims^ on.thc|ieccx)f moiic)^ 
 fliewn to Chrift, in idol f Jthe Jewl diet not think fp. U 
 tM i^rtg's picture on oit turret coin ^aii idol ? Thus 
 the man fports with the credulity of bis readers : under 
 pretence of giving them the purt; wordof God^ which 
 he unbluflMf^gly taififies, he gives ttfcm it? owi icflc 
 conceit. ^ ^.^.;;' ^ . '' ^ ' ., 
 
 Do^)r Stanfer, in his Ei»mination^ tad cited a paf- 
 I Peter's firft epiftlCv to fliew that the apoilfc 
 rctcnii to anyjurifdi^ion J ifce writer, in re- 
 #*# ^. th»t it 1*38, perhaps, the irft time the 
 lalpxerdfe mji manVofficial duty W4S add;uee^, as^n 
 
 h}s jurifdidioB, fliewing at tht fame 
 >e pal%e did not bear the ienfc affiled to 
 br|ltfin(er." It is di^cult to determine whc- 
 igs^^inceor pcrverieobftlua^y be the lead- 
 ilurc of fticcaftigator'i pretended refutation: tlj^ 
 yftb* slcucr wj|i Dot« he hys^ addrelfcd to the epifco- 
 palpaftors» as this writer lad faid, but to the church. 
 Hflbli pq||y^k^ p^tot^ '^ w to the w aiit, #f iiX- 
 iMT^i^pr tie piHbn^Twtie J^WWclci^r^k^ 
 ^fl&id ^ Ifkme thing, or ^ fome bPdy , w hich he caUt a 
 Ipll^h^ If be had confuited common fenie, it would 
 
 have 
 
 ■.di^: 
 
any fpactjr,« aUdreffed Jothe pWli3wt'^||^ fod,^ 
 by whoni its.«jMent, „«; FOm^unicted to ifl- the metq. 
 
 *"">. '^«.» i^'^'*' '"«" fro«P ioy Wlhop to Hi* di^i 
 ^S" '^'{'^f^ *o the Mrfim,. not to the tnifon*' 
 
 ?'*^' .^^'»^'^*^i ' >»* mwo« i«^ .nd Ea 
 
 ht ^diviB»ijofl it« iri<coneile*Ble ^nflni«, 
 - .... .r..^e s letter wjw ndj addre&d to the ebiftott 
 
 [therii ? .Were the)? thepirfom' wvei •«■ h** 
 
 I The writerlwl tranfl^ted " ^*|«i,a4^ ^;, ,/,^ « 
 
 r*'"'^* ««r rff r^,. ,hi, .TWfion the.«««i«too 
 
 th.nk„ncpr«a. W j)jftlfy W, opMo» he addweX^ 
 
 l^ It, prppe^ %mfia.tiop ; hf, 'knowledge o^ ' thel«. 
 ku^ge mult be confloed indeed. whod«» pot knew th,t 
 
 he muft be ignorant as th« <m^^ who doc n» 
 ;now that h i, fp^ed^ „rZX;t«« tot^l 
 
 fo Pod ind,he W. Sr£^J;det'"3i2r' 
 ftare pf the inheritance ot the frints i« UAt "Mm2 
 
 ' *« portion oWlp^ inheHuoc»Xr, lii>*-^^S^ 
 
 confecratedtoffiS^. ;„,„„' Z^*" 
 Mttafce that from tkr^Gre* tern, tlmu,^ 
 mn cUru. aad <Uric^,, a„d Ae CliftM^Ti 
 
 »%..dduced,i^««Sfcft.fo, „o «Sm«. t "SS 
 
 g. o^ven over the toy , but not ove r «. {.^ilyl 
 
 ■«»^«, vnter ■ qal,r authorvy i« the Tujgate; »iid .' 
 
 atf 
 
 .■(<^* 
 
u 
 
 &'.. 
 
 ^^. 
 
 which li^ never cxppefled, Jt. 1^'- *rb jjifs untidticed 
 ' the yariity Srpr^faming to write ohltAcfiaftical matter 
 
 without knb^^^ing the tcrd^s JO ulc alnpc^ ecdeiiadical 
 jvrkcArand tlie 'exira'^a|ahceof in Ignottint incfividjual, 
 "lir^o bol^^^ urcaiid 
 
 : ippr^ati6h%yith^|)aftbrs^^b^^ 
 
 a fpace bf at X6^ one tho^Iatid yearil^tore the !ic|bjrma. 
 
 tion was \:tiAught blTj Mrtiiff t^^ niian's folfy': the 
 
 yulgaie ini8ts|>ritcc, fo ^V fi^to mitthig Ij^ngwage in the 
 ;^poWe*s9io^tbj which W did ftotl^ ufes the original 
 
 ,,^tk defies ^c Svritcr itc^predncciVaralki in itife (cptna. 
 ^i;'tke nfcw.tfe&ini6ttt,4i:^ aiiy hcilcoiilic writing;' T^ie 
 writer khoWsiS'bhdleni^wrltt^ iii J&ln En^fifh : 'll 
 would he af^ur|0U8 phoei^nlehon ;; biit that the Greek 
 - term j^/^flf; Ihfe tatin ^/^«*, attd tit Englifli ckirgj, have 
 been In coitthitoo tife to cbn^baiftingb^ the ttuiiifttlH bfi 
 the cfiurch firbm t^e Grce^\/aw, the tatirt latc'ut, aiid' 
 the BjigH{i^./%,i$<^hat'W^fthooi'Bt^ 
 if the^fti^atbf does hbt kno^^lt, it is becaufe he fcno\^ 
 not|yP^Pilig riaatt^V »i tie otight theritfdrc tovremctober 
 t|i|^^'dage Mjitiw %Urd cNfidine^^^ Thobgh he 
 " may not find ^&r/W to fignlfy ia clci^ytfiih In the wrii| 
 jings of Pindar, *Arta6rcopi SipKb, or ahy other hcatheh 
 * t)n ct>Age is nothing hioi^c common in t!ie Writings of 
 thjIHI lathers t ther<i i^ nbw bcfbre ^ wKtef a 
 ^ of faith/fet by EuftathiUSi bifliop of J^c^ftti 
 _ Bafil ; be 'fay s that he fubfcribed it U prefchcc ofl 
 thWmhl^JPhorton and thfe the rtifat di^tii ^tirodij 
 a&«lbthcr cWgymcn. ^ ^ 
 
 E^o EufiathiUt Eptfiopoi tot BaJiUt ana^ndUs (f^rijk 
 Jumnc/a ion tr^cgrammenoiy dtifmparontH hoi ion a^lpM 
 emt^m pharhnos kai m QikrepifapQU d^u^hi Jtfmt a0 
 Ckric^x itktr'Qf, ^^ — ^ ~-^ ^ ^ ^^,^^-^^^ '"^^ 
 Caivifi, the nioft linpc'riHuVof minlfterl^; fevlr*lff cet 
 ^fuTcd the dilHnafort between thi clergy an&tlhc kit)r 
 but he diU aot prcfumc to fey that it wa« ml ^ a1!fieii 
 
 wk 
 
 
■'**'" 
 
 H %8,J* <fe*^it ney]pi^<{amc into j*c febcrs* ' hcija to 
 Wfe this word >'* tocyer, wefiod this diftin^ion W 
 \iic,a^(|^ t^ ini^t^^t^ cht^figwficd by m^ 
 
 Kid derus. m the nArnitUy^ ,.i;„«i.k -^ „._ r _.. _ .v . 
 
 thpinm plain ^nglifli, <lerls;&,or cfc^^^ 
 
 apo^a, w^jc^orks are^^^qt, %., ia his 7th homily; 
 onthc^xiu ^Jfer^iwah r «v\^, who w thougk to be 
 ^rncthmg, that i^ ^p in th? order of ctergypriSdc pVcr 
 m|>tliiit toe from, *4^ivcri-^iiK defir^: tpaleend to^ 
 this P^Ce; yon ou^t tp^pp^ ^^| w^ ^^yi, n^^ - v^i. 
 Jtely to be fayed Ncaufe we a^:e dcrgymen. CClcrtci) 
 
 ^^t^. and;p,«fcd up agafeft the clergy.V.: <^„^„, 
 
 feci 
 
 
 ^m 
 
 ^ 
 
 ?„ vL f°* ;*"^"".»'>f' ^".^"W' Coupcil of Nice^ 
 f™..V^.*^^ ''•'?5'''''* ''*'='=?'»5t and aurf.«vic 
 
 tftnw-"!" ,• Hk %( time jtherc were Wftpi. tj,.^ 
 co^«;^,|*,scorMJo^oftIwtat~t&e Were ffl i„rt 
 
 cbrjftun cj,urch, ; „ !, a cl,tifti^p au.»'5« wBi^riw 
 ar* Wt. tftn^ny , by i/^J„ i:> ,heT4 n,^!^ u33i 
 It^'T*****/"' it bear, rip other Ggnifedorit^ 
 
 .Tn^r/^t^'^^^t,;:^:; *" PPrtmno/tbciS 
 tance Of p,r.(J. "^^.••.ov,<;r>hicJ, they, prefix. 
 
 ■\ 
 
 
ddtlli: 
 
 it. . , . 
 
 At Je#i& iftji^^^^ ^^jtt lifccrtained, ' 
 
 c derfci|^6r ^f<Srgf , a^ bdng Wore iittr 
 
 fe^^ im^ ^(m itl Qr.||s h^^ftk the 
 j'^fl^d Ml itntTa$t tailn the Jci 
 
 ^flipremafcy. 
 l^Mcal autliqrity. ltij^t»6V 
 writer ci?>ttd^ iiii, 
 
 tlie iR^oa^ds aJF Ghrilii^^elaie^ 
 
 P*ft<>r» of^telttrAfti^*?^^^^ the ftc^li 
 
 ^f»*^ <ift(WB|J^to i tficpetof % irai not taediidf' 
 
 Ifeyina^c ajrgui^^ by ^hieii thefe profound dMM' 
 %6s rcfttt^ ipettarti /cWm ^o iijprwwtey LAttlSWlfti' 
 I y; fitfcle ©e^w feitb^ apd ^rijpturfe'rhiir <!)»- riilc^ woulA 
 
 t;#w«nt. *^fecli fey^ that ^tit wif' not chi^f ^t 
 
 .:/■ 
 
 ft^ ife tt-anflilfe thog«ck term ••^ i^^ 
 in ti^ true <j^iHng,4i^ a nd inadvcrt^nti 
 
 ^WJ^^ffM^tt\mifi^iti fa^iJ'i lime, wlio_ _ 
 £^*M »pp<Hi^etJ 1^ ifc^ibt churebbf G] 
 
v\ 
 
 fe 
 
 4^ 
 
 trp^ fon^ its w^hf^^ 
 
 ufea.t0: conceal jt»-r^^' '," 'i^ '^ ""■-• '• "' ■' " '"'"v,--": 
 ^loiiiig thw chapter, tftc c^i^tor i^ thltJ^tcr 
 IJ reprlfcntcd as aaiv^ |n tRc ifi^gfmoiit bf m 
 
 pdiii^ty. He <?ki&s hin| witi ^^ajbhnV If 
 
 1 I^P^^^ 1^ ^^^ ^fe work wHicHf iepretciicls^ ' 
 
 1^^ ^^ ?^^'^ ^ tlie circuwitifibn, (^ \0i|c^ CKnft ' 
 K|f^?^ ^^ ^<=?'^ <5» cairih tlie' m^iiftei^ Was ^ntrijft, 
 #P *^ !»«" ; "he ddcslior Sy fo: of Jittics ^r ^n, ^Hey, 
 ^fiiia himfclf^andaB hiffpp^ ap6ftl«» Were of^' 
 .. drcumcifidn, ,a»d cqiii^qwcijtiy of f^tcf'S ^od^^«ai 
 dicmarks. p. 169. .. ; ; He afe cundciRfeiii td iimit 
 ; t*i»t>t^i'; wiM^ caJicd >Wfirj>r^ t# ttc a6oilIa By' 
 fom^^lrf ^c Athei^i but if is ^i^nt- :if^ bcl^iva ; 
 . film, that Oicy du^ A6rintct^4 to aJcrl^iio hi« iiiy fu. 
 prcmacy, they ^neant thdfc titles ktp]^ x^ te^ 
 ^"^f^ «t»^ im#i|ed cbc^W %: cW#:rrii, |*i^c£i 
 
 ^^^rJW^ tlMkpomel ; b^Vpo»Ra<tf Ko filperiof 
 
 f uthonty a? iupj^Biacy 1 t^ writer Is not dtfoofcd to 
 
 l«|ute rai|| ttoi|feRfi5,:iie'atwW 1^% ftqm St. Auftlq, 
 
 ,,^ which, by the -bye, Peter is neither caUe<l ohiefof 
 
 ticftpoftles nor prilrce of 'tS^ tpoftlfej, b^wla^id" to' 
 
 : pom the pridiacy^ iino% th(> ^poftlcs. " A? fome* 
 things^ %» Anttin, are Ipokcn which may feem woi&v 
 If ip betong Id the apoftle Peter, ^ yet^ m t' 
 "^leat fenfe but w*cn rofcrreito the church (ofwhicK he 
 
 vls^nowfcdgcd to llavc fcprefeiited the perfon bccaufe 
 
 xmtm^ "Wlio cot^W im&iftc that Auftin did not inteni 
 iSM^ tlht Peter p6&m the primm ^qng tfe *: 
 
 '.aPi.triii. 
 
 rf 
 
 .•'V- ♦ 
 
M 
 
 -^; 
 
 |»^,^ t}^ afl^atpr liad no^ dlibo^^ditK Hfm 
 ^dht mf3c^ tkis wpiiderfii| difcovSy ?^ A^Ii^ Auftih 
 i5iy« that Ji^jias, i^r ^ ccifU^ ||aii}^^ ^^ i^ 
 
 the. J^s ijscM^ ofihefri^cf pfwbicb be hfid amn^Jbm: 
 hckncyf ci^npk^ nor doe* 
 
 th$ wr5tci> if you Js^cpi^tli^ of % *^ft*cy. . fieC 
 
 <qtfn| picked; W^jfiiy of j( traitor, h? la a^iKlaai, ofl^ 
 tyrant, fc^is a l^ro'j^ o^ an t|»lc4rcati>feQ»^ licjs a 1^ 
 t^<^. Pteter Daijucn <;^ils JJKias;/ the |icad ofap^ 
 |atc$,^' if tfcii ^ftfg^dit tbtni^ |>r6pfr to a^^^ 
 Miii^t(|c^riter )iMnooye£Hoi{, ' ' V j ^^ 
 
 ^tifttn. vas. fteit}ier ignorant nor Inlpious: he iii^c^ 
 dfiii^d not; dottbted the iilcry'and hiftorical truth of^ 
 thcfc gifajgjea,!^ whi^^^^^^^ tbat i^^py thin^irc fiii^ 
 
 of Peter 5 but, (t*pj)0?n^'i sk* a 'prinqp^-Vliiy^ 
 kno^n, thati Pcfer i^is liftdl^ Chinftf %?|^ vifible^ 
 
 chur^^ <^ as.h^ tc of tlio 
 
 j^rimacy'arnon^ibe api^ei % $^d is ariothet, ppl||^ing the/ 
 f^ifMci0bf^^ ih^ thpf^^ were 
 
 inor^ ci^i'Iy; ujitteiSJtipd^ Of ffitn as tepr^cotiqg the mi- 
 nift<rs of the chinch, whom he cjiUs the chu,ith)(t timics, 
 as Vie db'thjs cjayi than without iijy t^ference to t' 
 
 (;hurch, thu$,hc fays, (bc»lring^ of th^ ^hP^ ^VP^ 
 etot'hvti&n^ and |ponng proinifod to Pei^r: ** ^ »i^/< 
 
 isj^sfiid U fettf^^ ty cburcbdfes ttje^-ii ; if ibnb» 
 done in fl^churd Petilt' when be received, fbe keys ft^mjied: 
 the holy cljt^b^ He thus dfmoiiflralcs.that the. gpwers^ 
 ycfted in Peter. ^ fitft minifierof thethurch ire d^ivcd 
 from hini to the Ti^bprdlnate miniftcrs. In tilc^e mapper 
 he tSdught tha(t fom? ^^^{?g? in' the cyHl. i)falin, frdm, 
 IfhichPcttr had cited f 
 
 ^&yi^ d%n^ mu^ V 
 X hough they majr fecm tp, 
 ^tetrly ^ndedlood 
 
 Chrtft, whom he In fume miinfter tegrefetit^^ 
 
 lb ftiew t^at judasV 
 to4fioth^r,^4^a8ii. 
 Uy (Sidof Judw« are 
 the Spcmics. of 
 
 The 
 
 
 .tdf. in 
 
 t Trta. 1*1 !■ gf9ia»' 
 
^^1 
 
 ;'ca|igator's third chapter <»>ei»t with iinufu^al torn 
 tdcrice/ *n have fltol^^^ 
 poflefled iloiuch'Mbontjr Ijn^ t^^ the 
 
 •Pope's thinls Wuft he %itii(&: fewnditioni'^ pa-^s ari 
 proved by ^ntncfllfisV "Sfc^^s ^y imincfiliottal ""'-'"-^ 
 
 ifhis ptetcnded prooV coiiC^s ia tranirciribi|ig foinc pa 
 ^c9,whichi%rfcushad^ai^dfrom thitirHtii^Sdf th* 
 fathers, anii eDdcaVourcd id diftort to his ptti^^: ,T^^fe 
 ^a%C8i in x\it i]n^de4 fcnfe, the wnt^t ' i^ %Mp. 
 iiTciattve, or ^dfelhftiti^ t^ 
 
 the am1icnlfc#rk!BgS(»f the fame fathers, paffiigcs, in 
 which'thcy %cik of ^^^^ fupremacy, and that 6f hii 
 
 tccefi&jik in terms i^ tnrc»citq» a*^d\ *s ckar, u language 
 rnime^. ' .» 
 
 / lUyndis^i su-Ufi^wisifeific^ 
 Kic ^ters; and ifltahy w^ii Manifig m^n, who tVfid beeil 
 duped by the hhpofturc^^eirc undccciT^ijiiMid iniljinU 
 Withdrew thai coni^ence^>ii^hlch they had lin warily ^and 
 almoil^ imj^liciUy |^cii to men, wh^i(iad rfdcoiirfe td 
 feVery art aitii attltlce, Sii^iS^ tfi* fJMrlrof darfeneS 1%- 
 ge&s,^o- fufclftitTlte their new opinions to the fettled 
 trutlis of ifelilton, iii drder t6 forirt a par^ di^vp^ td 
 thcmifelvcisi ; a meaftire indtfpcnfibly hccciui^V npt'^onty 
 t(i giiiitify their pred.opilnani |>affion« : atn^tion, interej^, 
 and renfcilky ; buiilfo to efface, cttr atleaft extenuate; 
 
 y the fliafii^ of their apoftacy in thd public opin^n, . and 
 iuftify that vbluptupus Uccntibufnctii to which t^^V 
 
 , %andbned themfelves* ' ^^ 
 
 T^<iiftigator*te^ to iknow '^othmgol^lfei»^^ 
 fligite |loato |J||| fii^ pretended rcforniid^, and the 
 turbutent'iE{ii^pHI^' which they Hvcd,.biit wh«th« hU 
 
 Jortin and Mbflieidl, What lie gleans f^bm thefefuure^ 
 of error, he jdbances with unblufhing cbn^^no^» ndt 
 knowing^it:hat%c artifices ^ thcicJ|ft«ii hi^ been d6« 
 
 ti*'*'-' 
 
■■ iWK-:*!; I 
 
 ■,Tf:i 
 
 TTie Rditi^ii Pontiff** claims td .iuprcm^cf; Mfe mfll 
 ^ a^ piUy bv Imm^rtoHja |oflfc®on, that; in^ncible 
 
 ^hor obcdienc^ th^^P^^^^ ^^^ ^ ^^^^ 
 
 -^^*|JP|M, poflfeffipn,, whether thp right be origin 
 
 . the fira ^ipp^fi; ware guilty of unjuftifiahlc fchifnii , 
 
 S^^*^ ^^f?^ j"^^^^^ iiad ebmrocpced in fraud or ^ 
 
 ^yi^BCC, tlic ccjmm^cenrtcnt muft be affigned, the tiinci I i 
 
 ^^eaiul |j#)h , 9*^ #thj5fe firtuiyfttoces, ^ndi^eh- ^ ' 
 
 ^,Cld|fitJj[^aUre fells. .,.,,,,. ^ .,...,, XT- ■■•^;*:;.^, , 
 
 ^^ ^Ie th^ junf^aia^ iws conferred bT^^he ^ 
 
 thf of^r app^l^ rec«?itcd Im^itid nxmef by a lie 
 Jdtewftip with jiin^l^ ^^^ ^^^^ . 
 
 t% v^ed the »pl^ llpmaft church ti^hivc th* p^ 
 
 »i^v |h^ tt 0^ faivipt^^ The 
 
 di^not or<fcr Peter to /eifc fl«>ck, that 
 
 wCil^^g»J|t,,j>r rather tlic ip4^ptabi^6roof <» Hit 
 
 P^iiil^<| ^y it>jg hn mortaljcarecr there : "it w^jbfe. 
 Wfi^^c, Inlw^i^ he deigned r^ re£ aoJ 
 
 
 [;finilh^h© prcfent life/'* 
 
 « . ♦XSre, Lib. 6, Epi. 37, ad lulogicin. 
 
 l^tlS 
 
H 
 
 > ii: 
 
 whoie i^inioB lUyiicus^iaiid hb edie^ nil cai|ig^^ 
 dope, loretetidi that the fiofi^ jiicj^iaiQD ^fer dio i^ 
 veri&l dburch vii detitcdIrcNki ibnK Oeiieral Couai^ 
 In ftt|i«0rt of tbitcoDJe^Ure fat dtes tlifc sStb <^oii of 
 th« CcMincii oi Clokc&on, in wfaldi k M<^ t ^ th* 
 Fol^ l^iHy ittrtbutcd to tl}c thront of old Rome 
 privileges, bc^t^eH «^i tlie leigDiBgcit^t andicxt dii 
 fatoei-eafiki tiie i5^l^ot%l(iv€cioft| j^^ that noii 
 Rome* (Conftanttoople) which is honored b^the£iii^ 
 jiHiiiM Ihe Senate, Ao^ have Mkei^pritkisgeaiojth* 
 ecdltfiiftical: order, a^ he the leixind after it>^ Ittt 
 renmrkable of this caDOo Uiat llwas iifitrodii^ in the 
 abSapce of the prefidtng legate«^id tke officers of the 
 eni^rti by a cabal, and was leverely cesfured, and a 
 piieiiftp^tered agsunfl it, by the legates on thehr return, 
 it i(^aa Uio' condemned by iko Jumklf in his letters ^o 
 Amatoliu^^ to ^ esipet^f lii#tianua> the empreis Pui« 
 cherii||^Dd to^foiuiat^ and Juvenal, 1^. 51 .... The 
 canoaj|yelfcofldemiied : lo^ tl^ere ia no General Coun- 
 cil^ Vh^bftaMiflies the prioiacy or jorifdidi<Mi of the 
 f^mianglpl^: theCovMicijof NiQe,.cam>n 6, lays *^let 
 the M^hti^^m^mtj which Is in %y{it, Libya, li^ 
 Peottp^D|si dl4pie hi^op of Alesandria have power 
 over them, becaufi: this is cuilomary with the biflu9|| <^ 
 Rome f ii Hki numner for Antioch, and theother |^ 
 vinoes, let thm ^beor bepnfeitved to each.'* This canoi^^ 
 
 . givis Ho precedence nor jurifdi^ion to any prelate : y; 
 
 ^^dedapes the pa^archs pf iUexanidria and Antioch 
 already in po0:ffiot| of an extenf^ve jurifiii^iQii^ 
 %M «be reaibn iwhy tf|c patriarch of^iiilUnchria J. 
 dkd % ^fdi^^ over Egypt* Lib|», and Pen; 
 \imllM^mvm&fkom%rY with the blQiop of 
 fee»ltiiiiiiiii|| p. 1:93. Antiquity knen^ no. patri 
 
 ^g^^^^le. His firft claim wjaa foun ded on a 
 
 ^^E^unei ^t€onl(adttnopkl pi the year ^$1 
 this Coundl wii^ celebrated by fome Eaftern pipb 
 withoiit thecoaenrreaceof the WeiKs biihopst i^^ 
 
 ■ 1 K , . aftcrwardi 
 
"w 
 
 /■■ 
 
 „ i^ccepttii % flieigte tl'tfe'^hedcciBoncrf-,, 
 
 vfiiioc^R^fonM toii^^itf^ the then Roman pon- 
 ti^orlx) fcSs iitt%eff(3r,Smci|l4inbtknai^ t6 the Weiiern 
 ||cktcs^,Qid}dk»Hro ijaforec. This Anafdlius muillfavc 
 ii^fc#ni1'fegwethi© canon ©f eonftantiaoplc cffed, he, 
 wiWJaVirnddibiihop of|«ufateito, after ihcgdiffQlimcn of 
 * Goiincii ofj(2|ialc<|^oo„ headed a fi^ty qf foine pre- 
 IfMs, aE# cfSBti^ufed fome feffions. jb th^iaft of tbefe, 
 Mptlddiactioi^ this^adr canon Wa% formed, ih the ab^ 
 fereccof tl^ljqUP'a legate! ^hd the officers of the empire; 
 OnihetTirewiten tht^^Jegatd* pueflfedthc party to:ftipjM!cf8 
 the Gan6n, biit>cf»uld nftt prevwl omhem to doit:, they 
 Jia?e, faid*Iittceiifei&, ooeof the legates, paiTed in filence 
 the canons of the 318 lathers (in NlceJ and iileiitixmed 
 but ihofeof the 15a (in Conft.) which ate not amongft 
 thefinohs dith^chmrch^and ^hich were madt^ they 
 iay^^ eighty years aga. To this Anatolius, and his 
 party, made-no feply. : It is^ therefore, true that he Wm- 
 felf thought that canoh of na forces " p^^ing that 
 tipe," continued Lucenfiusi *! tbey rnfiilliffi tliiifii illiJlf 
 why do they alk;,thcm i^wl ^AncfiMltl^ ncvif/ 
 id them, why do they aOt ?hcra ?f iJb this* res^^ 
 ^ no reply was made ; ^he trutb is, no r«|^y coul^ 
 ^^^.■,. ■'. ^^, 
 
 M i^iil^ arch-deacot^ of the tihurch nf Cjci|i^jtlnopl% 
 dcfiicd to knostTiif the Ji^atcs had4«^ Oidlrs^ri^'the 
 
 '^IjttP^^^)®^'^ • ^lie^««ft>B<!>i#f»ciriaEJteAthise^«!i' 
 
 iMm' H Dp «ot luffiSr the prdkiance of the fathcca 
 
 jlnfmgoJir 4iminiiicd * . . ." 'She ^dgiftratteifaid 
 
 v^ms ^049m^^ >tgafd|iifimis.reid i&ci|pi^ 
 
 it 1 
 
 ' aia"Berapp^(r ■ s :thegt ^qvA 
 
 lika m^giftratis, iVcini w^f<liififls^licfeaser«iBtbi0iopi^ 
 *^%^3 a ^^''^^^i^toiiedriQiii but he e^d notf^^rbfuift* to 
 
 ^')U:t^X>: ■ , \ "4 ■..-■' ^ fay 
 
* V 
 
 - ^ . ' '. 
 
 
 
 ^oBJSi 
 
 M j$ 
 
 bec2ni 
 
 Ht^ 
 
 .'. 
 
 man pon* 
 sWeftern 
 
 iliuicn of 
 foixie.pre# 
 of tiicfei 
 ih the zhh 
 Q empire. 
 
 )it :,thcy 
 in i^eBce 
 ieptioQed 
 amCMsgft 
 f'sa thcjr 
 and his 
 : he luixi* 
 ing ^,^ 
 
 tf ncvef 
 
 ■tiniipky 
 IroGfiithe 
 
 bis $f^ 
 
 H^iaid 
 
 % that Ptf«h^iiill#jp^ w^s incorrea/ nor dM aW of 
 
 hkpm^^^me hhttim^zr^ mmkmny mimf 
 
 fenpts, and in iai»«|j^ titje of the cation ^-Qf]thti>ritM 
 
 Pou^ i^hftaattncy ^(j^Einpcror'st^^ rea«f 
 
 fromthe cojjy produM % Sethis thfe %th;^ Nice, an^l' 
 aJfo tj^anon of theCottncHioi Confltaniinople, on which 
 
 the «agiftr^ j^ki J *f Ifdni Mi^j has hce^ feid and 
 
 honor mult be pl-eferv^^acdordibjt tfd thecandns, t<>.tlifi 
 archbifhop of old %>m4aftdthat the bJ(h6p bfyeouftaili 
 tinopfeig to^h^like priTiteges, that hl5 liif ihavef 
 right t<j.cw-daio metropolitans in the dffiWa^to^Kfcfiaitf^ 
 Ponttif)«,Adf Thrace." a This jwd^^t ^|r tfefmagif!^ 
 
 ^^f^^^^'^ »»emoiy*lf^ there wtasiK^tarfoiy pro- 
 *^^^^5**S>^.«: ^he prfmaty or j,rero^liW 6f h^iw^» 
 to Jilir Rotn«ii.|»#itiffi ^i^ therefore^was aife^ni 
 lal^^ ^ /in Ihfc t:|fton oP I^; ^s re^ f«)^thc^p^ 
 P^ccd by Aetiu^, tl^ wJ« no^ii^idjudc^to itb^ 
 ^'^ «^ ^ut its provincial juri^iaioii^ was iM^ 
 rriAtlM^Sees lof ilkiEtndH^'ahc^^AimiocH an 
 ^k!to?^**^** ^^ ^f aica^ to which %y ftcm . t^ alt 
 tlK)fij^8 e^ons \wepe notr prod«cdd ; ^was only dS 
 
 earned t&t^lilie in reveirence to Peter's m^ftament. / 
 was not giving. a prHHaey^ hut, ion aeeou^t^ of ipHm 
 acknowledging a trthiinal in the laft reforc A Jti , 
 touncUt^i^ice h«ld«i:lafed that ^e jtiri(yi#)n a 
 «nic of the patmrchsofjAlej^andda and Amioch^i 
 be (jomimicd, and as this w^a^k^dly a #rfl^* ^ 
 Unnc#, aiMtit^ canons uaiver<a#k^n and ai§«Bdl 
 Ae can^ olthe iubfequent Coundf #Confta^y6^^, 
 y^ tl^^I^^'m ^^-^^^ co"»d not deprive th^mlot^ 
 
 Innn!^^ »*il^th|% conscientious i%i(kat«i; A 
 hatmceii ieritencelndireaoppoto^ 
 
 . . ..'. ■ ■•■■■■ W« 
 
 # 
 
iieral C^vncit 6C Chakedon Was clofed at the 6xh i^Bon^ 
 when th« ple!atf» had iitb^ibed the «k!$|iitldiif0f Mih^ 
 pad tlwm ptaycd the EtttpBcror to dffibi^ ihcan. They 
 ^rc idayed for fonie fcm ikys by theEitipeforls orr 
 ders, and a party formed h)^ AhatoliuS) whovH^biifticr 
 Hke, roafle the kmj^or'a ^wcr tmd nSv^nct thf; in. 
 ^litti^^ ojF his i^b^ttoiiv ' Sbme ieSons were h^ on 
 ^i^i^iti &fc|^as, io the kft of thtfe, the i6th;aaicm^ 
 whtcl^; was exfili^^ly compofei t>f AiiatdHtis's partiifans^ 
 as appeart ^'f^|*on™ the fabfcrttiiprs: being kit tf§ in nmh 
 ber, thotiftlithe CouncUctinfiiftedof 5a4 |f ti«y-liiein^ 
 iehret^tti^^ ^s aSth ctfli^ was e»aae<it That this 
 was doBe4;hfbugh j^tieinduenoe oiTthe Court, j|inaiiiM 
 from th^ir fetter to i40iM ^'^^* ^^^ aekifOwled^ng 
 jmn to'be their hezd^ ahcit)|e^ guardian pi thevtn%|^ 
 appmotedby Chrifl, fee Remjflcfi Vi*^^WP^^§W^ 
 to conirro thisdecree, they fliift ^ ^^{Mf Mioi' 
 imperial roUctUtions, thsit ^^ adjucige no rights i|hat 
 |b^ pBly cobtrai aii eftads^icd cufiOm : *- we pake 
 |tibwn to you," fiiy thef, ** that we have regulated 
 '^ I' oth<sr Ihmgi ^f *|P dbbfidnt^t of go^d order 
 
 X w^ infoitned, witt a^^irove aad confirm ^tifi^-^ 
 haW .?uthorifed, l^y i fem^ce onthis Synod, tht 
 __ cuftoiii ojf tbe,Jioiy el^h ©I €6dpi\tinopte, to or- 
 0n the n%i'ft)poli|an» of the diiJri^» ofAGa, of ?<mtui^ 
 lly dfthrlce f fxot'ib much for ;^he advaintage ot the 
 
 £of Copftantiniigple, a6 for the peace of thofe metrop<^. 
 al iijesv where tumulti frequently happen after the 
 ^ctei^t^bifliops J the clergy artd the p^lc hayipg M 
 |^ea<% which^yoiir H^liflefi muft know;, as having ,bcca 
 often lmMtiincd,princi«aifoa account of th» clutch c^ 
 
 •EpJ^fuS.- '■:■' ' ....■♦'■ .' ,_; ■ . ^ - ,■ 
 
 :_£jV^eb|w^fo^^n^^^jhc«g^^^^|^^fe^ 
 
 thcrsT^^^air^iil^^^^^^r^CT^sas^ 
 
 /ius, wlich orders, that the Wflwp of fionftani^ple/tf// 
 'have the primaUyi M0r ^0 Stt i fci!lttad^|lit,7ou, 
 
 f-S^ 
 
 rf 
 
n 
 
 
 filio g«;iiiear<ra%ehrkh oefier9^;i|h ycmr owsi, iHK )<^ 
 l^tie your <?9jref of the 3ee of ^if^ft^tlnd^^ ^i^j^tinii . 
 li^tc thefpleftdpur o|y<»iir 9|>QtMi|i<j^ p9^r* tlr i« tuMH 
 )^fi^^^l^ k«fr%enapu% r^ifte^ tbta c^cree^ ; bii^ 
 
 that the i^i^l^llUtf)^ ^i| of the fait^ 
 
 n^%ht be 4i^t^ to 3»3iit^ We h&ve doAt tjbii in ecnil^ 
 DJp^ceto t}ie?«iiipa:^^ the (enite, aiid ^hd impeml 
 pj^ J wc |>ray yoii t^;gre^i« to honor 6ijr j^jnnwni^iwith 
 yonr AilBragfii jUidtaacce^l^ (^firq^ of youv. 
 
 tfhiidfeii . • « . . you ^1 4|^ |)i9lhiiig; nior4< plea£b^ to; ^d 
 llmperoi'f.iR^hcit^iu^ eftal^lifhe^ your judgnenr at a^ l!|«f | " 
 1^ the^c^ GdifiaRtiQqpU; wiil, upoii i^r^ $cqd|M^ 
 P^ ksgTji^Udc by it^ifciion^d zeal." : ^ 
 
 |^H)||h«xic^, aod Ai»tO^ liinafcllf wh^e to the Popdl 
 
 §f|iyu)g him ^(^ auth^^>tl|<i.d|t»^ id ^^^t of the Sd!6 
 
 ^ Coiiib6iiiiiople> ThougV ^^ P^^^^cy df the Roiiiin» 
 
 ^ w;|t ^ckn^iwledged, aod no eii^oachincot made mt 
 
 If&jiiUri^M^o* Vet Xe0»^ whp(e con^enoe was not bpli 
 
 * ^ b|r, pditii::^ vie^i coul^ liot he pi<iei^ed tipoit 
 
 i^ the^xiglits of A^i^andriai lid Anttoch, td tht 
 
 ttl ;ifiitr%qet pf CttD^anttiibpte.^ He re^xl a» 
 
 it the common father of the Chriftiaii wodd : *'' ^%iK 
 
 ,^< faid he, ♦'pught to reft fi|ti«ficd thrt I?K^^ 
 
 tJMtry jrat^r than to juftide, in af^roirtng 1^ jrreguiar 
 
 <4#fd{^ti»a;'' lliis intrtguing prr^^e h^ b^ii ordainedr 
 
 [, |||4^ of Conftantioople, by DiofcdiHE, ol bfamous 
 
 ^^^jmmkgfi :ii^ ^t pre^nded depofitnftn of Flavien, a 
 
 ; xHiDft piop at^ on&pdox. prelate, and hehimielf had 
 
 i||»jndAiiifNl|^^ of Alitioch, inp^re of Don^ 
 
 'i|i|^i|&juftl;jr idwfc4^ tl^|pi%h loye of peace 1-eo had * 
 
 li^PlibUi. tile. irrecuUrtty ^ theie ordinatidli» ** thin 
 
 ^ indulgeiic«(,** continued the pbntm/ *^ m^ to m^ier 
 
 ' inot liund' i Gkim oii^the c<Jt»rcnr 
 
 th ly; ii;Xt«rte4 
 fropipijj»of his bretlwrcn, whiqh cah be of tiO' fwix t- 
 
 it 
 
 1;. 
 
 ^» 
 
 **i#. 
 
 ^aiaft 
 
79 
 
 
 Cft Ae«jiaoiis,DTitM2^an3r againft thofe of Ni(;iE, tj^: 
 ©ritX^ which is |sverilU»|f ^d inviolable, ^ 
 . ^IQiiett be abrogated li^l^y f^ttQiimfi^hs^4vm 
 1^ num^p^. the a«|? liCoii^tti^^^ 
 fcgesfbiit ciwsr»r^ tt^»qi|«| f;lt is t*e«iiyM^4^t i« 
 cannot fckJcdmc aiii. 4#QiyM See ^ ^e ^ti^caeig«8.of 
 tJw Chur<Ae8y eftabliftc^ % tl» canons, ca««otbtw^ 
 Wlte4j nor the smthority o^ib rosffly iniiMoIftaim cs^ 
 celled^'^i^fiitisfy the ainWtaa c^ ©ne ijra^u ^ 4IaxaBdi^ 
 W^litnot lo lofethc icGoiftdr rank GnJii^cmnifc,ftf the ^4 
 fobal trim of ebicoj-w, nor 4ntioflh tMcthird. .Abotf* 
 My yeats tkw viojencc has bceit f«&reii> ki« *^ bi# 
 ih0|ii':«>f Coi)ftantinople hare never feiit lii» pr^ietusltt^ 
 cannon, whichtke5P^s^lc<%c,tio the Holy See*"* 
 _ 'HifcT-eafen sffigi^ in (ias pretended caponof Con^ 
 ftuii&opler is fufficieWt to condcraa it : ibf M, aa tha| 
 cinon^yy, pf ivilc^|| ha^ been con/crred po Rctme \^^ 
 caufe ii WAS ilie impjispial dty f they ougln fiy h*re fee«% 
 transferred m Con^niinopk, w^h was ibea, aiu^ 
 >^g b efore, the lesrt of einj»ce ; ox^Qx^k^m, 'm\\\%. 
 Imflfg m^kw^opg ol Dardania, Md Mtlan, ^ad X^revcsi 
 din Nlcomedia,^^ had been imperial citM», ^ no pdxna- 
 cy w^caafewed on.thcmy a«dnrha| is cshdm^^ againft 
 l^s and his affociatcs, tJiffe very pi-elates who give the 
 iifdbd.i4ik Co the Jiee of CoBftantisopIe becau4 it is thp 
 hBfjerial <Hty, acknowledge Led t<i be^tke fiwceffar and 
 lieprefcntative, ftot >f t*»<J R^wnan^eoipcror, biitof th# 
 Roman pomiflf Peter, ^tho iieiiii«pretendod?ta any im<-i 
 pcrial powcp or -dignity. Mor could the intriguci of tii* 
 bifkopsof ConftintiDO|ric, fupported by «be wealtli and^ 
 pow^tr of the tnaperori^ o^^iii fi^r^lH^m iBO»fc*ayi 
 Coondl^ but |h« fccond phice^ « pt> patrfarc^k^v^ fft^- 
 tended t^We fuperior to tli ^m^ pontiff, antii Ac 8^ 
 ^ii^tldn pve ui^opet in^ ev«ff \411age. Setri^;^ " 
 4» ©^^fius bBk vcneiirf->le aiid Jearncd pontift* fays i^ _ 
 Council of fi> vn ity h!fho p *: ibIweH known tgantig^it), 
 Aat ** f^- H(»fy jfeomin ehufdi wasioot m|de ^ttper^or 
 
 >. Ejv 7$, alias f 4, ?9V t. jj» #•. 
 
 M*-' 
 
 • f,; 
 
.%fc4tli#jtexiwis by fy 
 
 ♦i^gflilil voice of our JLdrdaod3*Vfe ^ 
 
 m in t ^rtain fer^ to bs^;(^ta!iied aathciriilj| 
 imm €ifeift^l8ffcccaufe ^he^^ hav«.#d|rc4 her iythorl ry ^ 
 and jirrhraegfs, ».wc^&y ^ tlgT^Cottadl ^^icc dy^ 
 dtrcd^thte Son to lie^efi^ Ho th<f f a^fttr, Wl <^pfiti<m 
 4othc ArUa iwetenfioni Tto j^icofeis ti» i)i^|<!ttq-l;0 
 
 %^todi J Mt toy €tet c<a^md.:jia| W^^ 
 
 nothcr Icmrce of tile pototilj^ jartidi^o^ otifr |^^ 
 ^^« A* Iaw4rf di«? «*|^^ 
 «t the ^hvaiitui^ ;. M(i cflifcllit^^ fl^miM? 
 
 m tfew codtWBon of .ft^^Jking^^rf IVancc : bui w<r Etw 
 |»B the CiHMidJ of Chdtedon ackiiowlcijdgc this jurifi^ 
 #BitrthB|t«r453, mow than »c^^^ bc^w PlHJgili 
 lirast^ J lil^^ioui^itw^ an Ifc^i^jinf. 
 
 .% Ipinti^, 10 Whom ffiocas ^as fourth In jMMfit^ 
 ^finoy^\h^jo^,J;^^\^i : we vfoand it iSS-^ 
 If^ M<^.#««* ^£|^icc. o# Ephc^w, ' <* CoBJ^ ; 
 ^^r and >«xcri^fwl heifore and alter 1W9. Qogl^ifjlp 
 1114^ ^pbiiM^d-»^c ^oi^iark^^ i^i . . a^<s. ^^ 
 lUu^tlitj^o^j^jlBl^ a la«r,^jwWch,|S deidarcd 
 ; ttfe Ri^ ^igipii yid oM «Bte«^H btt< it Wfg to. 
 
 "^*^«ft«*^#i^# w^, af tfis^^^ aflum«d |ht 
 
 .Pil*-^^*^lipilii. nwAt th^ -%i^, ^ th^#«# !#- bti^ ' ^ 
 othtri|*.-rhey ate wi^ for ifjt W^^^^^^ 
 
«■ 
 
 \ 
 
 X 
 
 •-5 . 
 
 tBatlc did! then cxercife i ifnntaaljuriMiaixihOT^r dw 
 
 IroBi Wfifii |li>li|ll» iS i-^wcd 4>y a^ hiftot^os ©f tKe. 
 Iitn€, is, that tfe^H^fci, ^^fe of couferriiig xUe sattw* 
 <tf Sing <^ Bfepw; trhd ciiiigfed tW ttJg»lf|9weT ur^cr 
 Ite idiot'JliiWfHiJ ftl, edfelblted tjt^?^ <^n t& fab- 
 J^, who.rtfilfc#r ^'Ittat ord^^ thstt he v^bo 
 
 j^lfcSed the ||^^ Ihdijy have «fe the Mme of Kiiig,** 
 \i8d'^|^ was crossihcd by Bc^bIIkc, «i»^l4ihop of i^aH 
 tftc4ji*ll^ W^ lcao# Idliav* bicn titi* atidloftg t^ 
 fbrg th^ (iopc'* legate iii I'rance. Mis lottti'i to poptf 
 la^ryi fcoftftiiiing Mte «ii itoaiiy ^int« «f dc^f Jne 
 and atfc^liftc, together «iAcJi that iiobtrtViii^cw^^ -M, 
 ^ct HI beittgv The \^amMti BeA^^m jSn^ldi #ir^ 
 'Who tived a^^c^Mitiiry .b<^ of ^i^ry #b 
 
 ©Tcat^.thtt he exerclfed t*» ^nta|W flower k i^^^^^ 
 whdlc world ;• and Qh^rf hMSe^ witolltwja 1 1^ 
 liii^ beCp#eB(Bdc,4n his kttiir a^iotlhg Vif gU;; bi{h*f 
 «f ilHet, hiv legate VtO'prefidcbyer alllfce jbifK^ps of 
 r#ki€e, ordters him t© tcferVth^fudgnientiii Ihief ca^# 
 
 j tifto, Who pmtdtd^Orpf^ i^cei^ttry «i»^ an^ halt 
 fehisiater to^the French hiiNTps^ (^^^ 
 to>wledgi with lis that the Xfk)ikdlka»l«ee hasbferj 
 cdn&l^cd in fettinnb-able intf !^col% the pnedi of yodr 
 Province^ and, accordiiig fb appeaU in different c^ufes, 
 ji«^groe|l« have been qiiiiib«d m coBfimlid/t" '^* 
 
 his letter t6 the Roman poirtif Stephen, |?^«4 him to 
 h^eMztdmrMfkt^ tjl- Atlet, d^pifcd^ ilftifeueffor 
 eleAcd to ail tfcat ^ TM |K>pe therelore^lfift^ 
 hH ^rklKi> j^rlfdiaion in l?r|ikc;4tt €ypi4aii4 <Miyi, 
 that i ^in the v ewr of Chrift ^ 1^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ 
 
 firft OiMilCoundi, . wi» |JioiH^ ^ »»^» *^- 
 
 
' f 
 
 ~ VJ 
 
 * .' • 
 
 
 
 
 yf|^~' 
 
 «.. 
 
 ;V««J^ratea r^orittift.of the^^lmc, iiidi^fii^ tb adroit 
 .t# ptti^nc^ii^i^iip iirtii^^atea in iicriecmic>ti, iiid 
 
 ! ^cr iacfiice^ iia^ idofe, or ptfftfea^ certificates^ 
 Thii ' ttnmErahtf.i i?8e«l^ produced (ibiliiiig but dcfi 
 
 \fpmi^^^MMopg§iJfonB, #ro«^jto gtephen oa 
 tbe(Ul,ea4^«roteafifc;;|p Cypriin; irclilwfcan of 
 CkHh^c^ #1,0 irwccwflrilcii at 4M1 oracle, and tn point 
 
 h. ff^*^ ^^"^ *^ ^^^"^ 6ut having ho juriC 
 
 dd^^ iMantly-tf li^d Ifei^caig lcttcr»|<) the French 
 
 ,,^«hopf ana eothe i;)cpde of i^*lcs» that Marcicti ttiiidbt' 
 
 be depofed, and tfucceffof tScitedi wfe,m you will m^fP 
 
 k«^ii toiitrikid W, tM wema^ feow to whog#^ 
 
 I liitjr write ahiJ addrcfe our brethren.* Birigamiirm 
 
 a/f^enta MarviMHi altm m hcwH ejtu fttkjiitmtur, Calviiii 
 :wim<e,itiiaginatian always di(6ove?ed. even in truthl 
 ^ctMng to ebtni^ancc Wi errors^ concliic» from 
 Q^>|j^^^ «0 jurifiiiaion in 
 
 Ftt^ V J£. ' %,^e, "Cyprian tfcought that Stephen 
 pre^led aver Gaui, wopld Unoi^f^^^tSM^h^, 
 
 thtf.^fm^4^ but he i^mkMhx <^^mmm,%^ 
 
 Jaya.thefraisernalfbcicty by which we are bouAtf r«ufef^ 
 that '»^^ fliouH mutually Wm^i^^ch other.*? Tti 
 Cyprkn's Urords, which s^efoun4 mm theto^^el 
 hia woto, Calvin ibbftifuiis hia iwrn. If an a^nionti 
 tion *rtthcnit ^y jurUcliaicin had been fiiffidcnt to m. 
 move Marcien, Cypriaa'a ^^^t^ wm c^gwatcr wciirht 
 
 -than Stephen's. V > ... *^. ,^* ^ 
 
 » 8cmi« tkiej^erhit acceffion fn t|ii <liito|»t iitiit^^ 
 Cypriiiffipblid li Council^ at €ipi^|^, 4^1^ iie i «h 
 
 T '^ ^-^^ *^ examine the ciife.of thofc, •«te fell in 
 the wmkim^mmmri^^ »^ had bey Ipj^ of 
 
 iid M»re th^ 
 
 
 .,,;■}>. 
 
 ' . •* ■•*. 
 
 
 ■», <*?!)'»' 
 
J«- 
 
 5fe^. 
 
 f}^ hit|crne& 0^ difkpjjolttlnljkti &c icicnKecrftteti I pfi»' 
 »;cii4edL^<liop # Garthagc, jia^if Cyprian hz4rhecn dt* 
 pofed. Thi%' mifcretfnf, namied FortunatW, fent a dc^ 
 putarion to Rome, dt^firing Jeiief s df d<]iniiiuiiioli froin 
 the then p©p€^ Connsliiis. F^UeiflimUJi a C^EifnEjitic bt* 
 fltpf^i wa$at tbeRead oftlte diKputiticio. In the letters 
 which h^ ^hrcMi^ A-om Gaithagei it was flatcd that 
 Fortunatus liad bsem elcaed by a^ biftropS, ^vith'bthejf 
 feifphwods and mirrepFcfentati^jis of G^|irian*s cowdud. . 
 Th<5 pqR^«ff rejc^cd their 'application, wrote to Gypriaiat 
 AAli^^.£^^^ Th|y renewed tjjeir application, with 
 m M the'liope <^idyJlot Jafec dogniiamstiaf thei#^ ^ 
 !rdiatJti«7^oai^.»ea4 their ictters publicly. Tj^ ■ | 
 Wmtmfid^ mmU ii 'kcond letter to Gypriiii^ I 
 ^_,_ i»€fleii^r had ly^t yet arHved at lloif^v iM|h|jii;| 
 ^^ct to ifcis ^leteei;/ he citprcfles his difliiti|fecUon S^'i 
 %( pofih indulgifficcj to his enctoies j jufBfieft his cbn* "* | 
 d\i& and appointment y V il^cre are,*' (ays hei ** kiftiops 
 who, are not made by (Sod, but ihey are bldiops withoik 
 the pale of the chorch . The Lori himfelf luffe red manp 
 t^ def^rt hihi, ahd hid to. the apo^ : w|^ yc$li atfo go a^ 
 iW^I ^rP0efyOnwhmi)e^t h:s ehure&yttfAled : Loi|| 
 td wliom fliaH we g(i^ Sbewi% thu they who foifal# 
 Jefuf Chrift perMh thrp\igh th«i> own fMilt, biit the 
 chv^jDll," iptttch 'briicyci, in Mm^^^ notfcrfake him, 
 
 and th^ it* the chuf eh Whd remain in tt& hf>6ie of the 
 hotd/' tie ihtn M^pi^ thfi ceafbns why thcfe appellants 
 had b^m Retrenched itqti\ i\ift,c$^o\ic ct^munion^ and 
 addl is ^* a«#r all thi» the'y wiliM tocrofs the fea and 
 tiarry letters h^tn fchifmatita lo'tht CAiir of B^r^ md 
 U tbi prinftpal Churchy p'bich M the Jomtt of Jmrdoiai ' 
 i*^iijp»v|jut eonftckiitig tha^- they, t«hw4ioitt they i^y, 
 are lioSmahl, wHflffe faiih- was pr^fedby tbeapoftic* tci 
 ^\\Km iSidcKty dln^lv^ tid acdcft.* '* '^ thift leJtet^ vWi 
 fee Qypriah, ^^chbiOiOB, olCarthaffe^i^attate of Kumi- 
 
 * dMilW^il! 
 
 ^icomap 
 
 See, iKhich be cal^ the chair o||Peterii(l>viikh ii)fidcli* 
 
 ' :"-^ i.-,.:i'.- . ■• *i^ ^« ad.ceni. • ' . -' ■.\.-"' • *:' 
 
' ff^Wftliawe no accfcfa, a«id caU that cJiurck, not flmfrfy 
 the inothcr and mittrc^ df all cS«rchc«, bii« th«i wry 
 /tf«m.froni l^hfeh all ccchrfiaftfcal authority muft flow ; 
 though in the fame letter hecmnplaiws^f the irrcgwlari- 
 ty.ofa^pealsifoTO th^ordinafy tr|buAalf 5 "it ig/? fays 
 fee*-" eftablifhc^^ ^mongll ii«ihandjuftly,tljat every crt* 
 niinal%uld be examined in the place wher^the crijtte 
 lias Ijeen <?ommitted.*^*— i&rVA . ^ 
 
 ^ 'Thouniv^rial Jupi|ii(Jtiii>n in iJ)irttnaIS\of tJie t«*nijMi, 
 pontiff is'ihfewn with prrtjfiftible evid^pceWy tKe intfal- 
 mont and depofttion of prelates in the diftMs immecfi. 
 ttely fubjed to the patriarchal Sees ^ Alexs^iflna, Aii- 
 tiocb, and Conftantinopre. That» prchtes <iepofed by 
 qooncik within thefe diftriaa, haVofi been rcin]|afed on 
 ^peaj toMhe Roman See ;;ai^ that fome\ patri-' 
 ^rchs have been depofed ior mllcondua, arc 4as of 
 .incontrovertible notoriety;, of botK we have ciecifive 
 ^idcncein this Couo^il of Chadicedon, which Mifopa^ft 
 thinkt the writer ought not to name.^ T^c truth is, 
 the tnan appears never to have read a line ip the a^s «£ 
 that f ounciUcxcept fome g^fbl^d fragrtiems in Illyri- ' 
 cu?, of lying memory. * , / 
 
 Thc^oret, the hiftoriai), i prelate whofe works haW" 
 furlfivec^ the ravages oif time, had been depofed :% the - 
 filfe Council of Ephclbs. at which Diofcbrau* prefiJtMi 
 he had appealed from thf fcnten<:e to tllekoE^ian j^ 
 Uff,— foe bis Appeal, Reni^rfe, p, t9^i^dm$mL^ 
 
 ftatcd hy the\a^tl|ority«f thetlteiVp4eL«^and 
 ceivcdby the CkHinc^QfChaMon. tolt^ws^i^iirtiicii 
 oc aaion as itJa scaHeH, the magi^-atesiid : '^.kt thl \ 
 
 CouBc^ %fcHbi4bp Leo N m- 
 
 mRa^dhJmm thcf|i%al^ignifyit"'»M%ytiiian 
 prelates of Dioicbtani' f^. o^c^ fe *k a^MRw*, 
 %ing that he was i^,»4 1,^ |i|^,»^ j^,^^ 
 
 ' Ihey di d not pmtgud ftl lAt i^o 
 
 ed auth^^ity. in tW^n^ «t«^^#Hen!t ^ trntfteri^' 
 
 CouadV over whicl^. tUi pittft^ M Akm^^dm, who 
 
 then 
 
 ., ;,>.<" 
 
h'., 
 
 
 >.<■ 
 
 it- 
 
 '*. 
 
 
 1"^'^ 
 
 then kkltfte%oi?d r^ttkiji tkc chnr^K^efiited^ j^^^ 
 Jfeonti \mt been U^r firft abje<3^ to^Th^o^re^Vlad. 
 ^^iflipi),and would ji^ve jje*^ peremptory, 8f th^ pope*8 ju- 
 tifdii^iQn iiadi po t beeii^^mverfaliy ackno^edgcd. In the 
 «th feffioij^iWh^llicodQmi^d Catfe 
 M^ faith wa» pore^the ipa^ftratcsf^i^ ; " j|ier%J» ito^infjre 
 difllc^ty o« Xlieod^ct s |>e jbas anatbcmatircd iS^riui 
 bt5%«i":^ you ; he lias bcfc]b *^^ 
 IMI^ L«o J he^hjis voli^rtt^j^ fefeivfcd your de<:ifion 
 of; &th4V fi^a!|^ h« his iuBferibed \x^ Mticr ; rK]| 
 »tir« rcm^yis ^ that you' cydes liim t6 refpine h?s|^ 
 ^tircjb ti Leplijis Jud^d,*^ 5-^)1 the bifliop^rcpHcd v* 
 ;^i:rh<»dwret1« worthypflls S^ , . . • Longllve the archr 
 htihop Lc(3».f ia^thH (pauftfVe hav;e p^blicv inthefitii;^ fa* 
 tisfaclpry>and indHpiitable ^yi<lence of thf lioin|(i poo- 
 tiff** jfirifdi^oB, Ilk judgtiij^iit in appeal fnvpijbc feuT 
 tenccjof a Coiin<;j^l, at^^hicji tht |^tnar|^|^ of f he ^cond 
 See, ji^thoviied .by the em^ror's letters, prcfided,% ad- 
 hkmfA with a<ifIaiiiatiof\it»s^ j[^entrai CQuncli, coiiipor 
 fed of Oceeki and Afiatici,^ at whifh^werip ptei^nt 
 4|t|ii$9liu8^ pf 'OonftaAtf^ople I Ma3|i|Bi|9^ orsAntfoch ; 
 j^r<^nal, ()l Jeru^lcfii* &c. ■ '^ ;, :r ^ < 
 
 In the fai^e Co^iKirjMaa^fmiii >^^^^ i^khowlcdged pa- 
 ^lai"^ of Aniiofh ihpugh, his entrance , h<»d teen 
 iri-egbiani bei;a|ifii It fas authmifed by t|ie Romaif p«)^iT 
 ^IIT; ip tkfe'^iQt)i fjpfton, held pn the 6tli of the^aleods 
 M iSfPveinbcr, in whleh th« -"€av|i<e pf Ibas, b^ihob of 
 Edefla, which liad been eiuthni^ed in the preceding ibffi- 
 on. was terfninated^ after reading the afi* pf the judg- 
 ment in B&ritus, on the ift of September^ 448, in which 
 Ibas had been ac<|uitted t:^ the char^i^ againft him,\the 
 mag^rates' de&'ed that the proceedings againfi 1^ In 
 the laife ^Qoj^ncil of Ephcius flwiuM be read. Tp this 
 thefv^pe'f lilgates obje^^, fiyingti^t no regard wm to 
 be paid' to- My ihing done in tliac AjSiembly, excepting, 
 JjOlyllhft a ndingi - Thc o rijtn ttK in o f M a iin ms, l^iihryp of 
 Antioeh. Anatollus, pf Cpniai^tinoi^le^ joined m opinio 
 on with thena^Daiiift *^Mfc^«a^ #»««i»rt»irf%» 
 
 ... ^ , 
 
h 
 
 jtilkliipii theJci^dGnf by* feyittg i th^iwhis Holy 
 
 archbiihop Leo had received hinb tol bin cdolfcJiiBiou^ ^ 
 
 .*ttd)i»dge<*iha^tfe;0O|^t^>; govern the dttirch of ^n^' 
 
 i^*ti0Gh/ Though Maximus iiad nbr**en ord^nfedin 
 
 that €€4ibcil, his ofdiiiagip Jifai <fcnftquen^ to ti|e' 
 
 Injuft depofi^jott of Po^n^j^ iti afi4 *iantfe% in^. 
 ■Jar- ':.:'''';ir|-;,iHi..;..:h .- ■. , . '■ . , ■ ,': :■v^.. • 
 
 The d'^pofition of l^loiborout, patriarch ©^Alcaia^a, 
 
 4» the CotntcU of Cli^<^cd<^ U a ftriking iofiance of tft 
 
 / Roman powtiflPs jurildiaion: |n tfcc third fcOloni oii 
 
 i^l»%^3th Oaobcr,45i, I>io(corons hafyiDg refufed i)0 
 
 3^pcar, though dted juridicatty thite feveral times, 
 
 Pafijihafmus iKai^Bd : wte^ was to. be do^e? Iftbe Coua- 
 
 cvl thouj^ht proper to judge him according to the r%6uT' 
 
 imf the ^11^3 1 The CourtcH declared their qoi^fent. 
 
 u^bei^. the three legates^ PafcHafin^s, liucenfius ^d ft), 
 
 ^piface, pror^Guncied the fenience in tjicfe Wrds : 5* f he 
 
 ipxceffej comnaitted^y Difo<?Grous, heretofore bifkop of 
 
 lAlexandrja^are madife mamfcft, as w^fttn tl^ preceditt^ 
 
 tfitting as jb the prcfent ; he has received fo^ his* commtit 
 ion ItHtyches CQttdem^ed by his-oWn Mihop ; be jfcr- 
 di in* (upporting ^h^t has been done at Ephefus, for 
 -#|hi^h he ought IP ^gpapcton as otheris h^^^^ hd 
 
 ; aid not permit the Ictte^- of pope ^o td^l^cn to b6 
 |ead J he eyep e^Kcomtayniq^ted the |iQpe | ihany com- 
 idaiAts have' been Ji^ifentedagj^mft jfiim before the * 
 t^ttcil J he h^ bcin cited thrflfe ,icveral times and re. ' 
 V Am >« obey, wherefore the hwly archbifliopctif Rotnc, . 
 #^o* h HSi m4irthire9m0% with the apoafe St. Peter, 
 arho is the ro^ and the fowidaticm of the catholic ' 
 fburch, and of l^e ealMic #wh,/ has d|^daed Wm 6f 
 •iie.^Mcppal dignity ^nd of the facjcrdotal 5||niflfy, fet. 
 Cdrilndl di^e of him . accdrdii^ Jo^the canons. 
 Ijp^us, of eonjtentint^; Msu^wus, «f ^Btbch; 
 sn, ol li^hi^as* and all the other biflibp* jiefene, 
 ^ ut ^^ ibeii affein iu " 
 
m 
 
 foHeftkiti, or Nicolod'si oy-^idgefl mPIcury*8 Jlc<Mi 
 jkftkal Hiftor/, Book xxL - 
 
 % In the aniiak of ^Hff world th^e ^ not a n«orc authfea-- 
 tic ^ of univcrfal fi^ll Ju^?:I^:'t^094 the Roman 
 
 ' penHlBf d^iet^, fhci pauiarc^ ol the fe(;0n4 See t^|^. 
 legates la ,.tki^ C^wiicil, and by the Council cxercmng 
 his juriWidion at th« (m-m time by the prelates t|ier% 
 i^nt^cd and oyer tlipia. lib thiai *^ wchayfc on,?c- 
 ¥)rd tlie namet 'of 19^ A^eribini; witneffes^ not o^ 
 didfeBlifeRt- vom, nor have ^^6 kf^ti q| py riidtoi 
 
 IMcdks I, in hk ktter to W^ichacl IH^ Eropcror o|^ 
 ^ConClaatihople, enumerates eight patriarchi of that Sec^." 
 Wbo had «!eii depoied for erroiaij^figiith, a^d roifcon,^ 
 du^, by diflferept Roman pontiffs i of thofe Anthimiii^; 
 was depof^ ttt ^onftantinoptc by pope Agapetus in,th0>^ ' 
 yetr 536^ notwithi^iiding the entreaties of ^h.e ?mpc«^ 
 •ror, and the thf^iats and pronjifcs^of the emprels* aijci'* 
 Menfts confccrated in his place. This Liberaiu$, a wri^i^ ^ 
 ef the toe ^S^^J^R^^ "^ Brevario, cap. i2r, and^g- 
 V S)are8> in the lii^^pifiiiiian-— fo far wati the people oi>^ 
 Cc«ftantinopJ[d-^^p' thinking the Mfliop of that city, 
 exempt from th«^ifdiclion of the Holy See by th©^^, 
 28th canon of Cha]cedo|i. 
 
 And Qelafiua, in the year 49c, in his celebrated letter. 
 in^ofWei? to the biflvops of Dardania on thefubjcA of: 
 Acacius, pt^triarch of Conftantinople, who had been de*, ., 
 pofed by ?efixil. for herefy, on the complaintof Jehn,, ' 
 patriarch of Alexandria, but y^ costinued to officii^t© 
 under the protedlion o^the emperor Zpno^rcfiites IP 
 depplibn 6f Acacius, nude by fome fchirmatic»» oa tht v 
 groutia of its not having beefii doge in Couueil/ a* he 
 was biihop of :the imperiar city. As this leaned and- 
 pious pontiff difcuffcs the '<^ueftion in a npkafterly majiyjer 
 the writer begs leave to infert a part of Hs J?^ter v *' i». 
 '^^ g! J a ys hiu ** 6b„ e¥er yJA iDg» wiuchilikJ b appgpe d 
 
 fihce the apoftles, and you will fee, that our Fathers the 
 catiqlic hifliops hayiog ujace cQndsmoeda|di,herqQr in 
 
 /-' •■-N :■■':/■- V - ■•' "-■- ■ ■ v^^-^Counal, 
 
tebjipci). ycfbWed that ^hit they had dflci<M*oiiU 
 Jpcmain inViolaWei not permitting th* queftioR to W 
 fl^ri (JifcuHd, ^vilely fbrefecing thit* otheHrife therel 
 would be nothing foHd in the judgmentii of ^hiecliyrch, 
 for however roahifeft the truth may be, ehu^i^in never 
 teafeto maike objeaiofts, being fupported by obftioacy 
 In deifault of r<rafon. They have therefore thon^t It 
 fuffident to condemn hewfy with its author, and d<idar»| 
 thai whdeVcr in lut^refliould -adopt the Fame error, 
 'wourd be indudcd k tht irft condemnation. 'Jlus 
 Iflbellius has been condcmnifd' in a Coiincil j^us the 
 Ariansin fhc Council of Nice j thtts Eunod|ir Mace*, 
 dohluiv Ncftoriusi Thefe thlhg^ pre.fupp^f<idf, w^ ar<s 
 wfcll aflured that there is no true Chriaian^ who does 
 hot kno^ that it i* principally ^he duty, of the firft Sec 
 to execute the decrees of Councils apjirev^d, b^ the 
 cpnfcnt icrf the Univerfai church ; as4t ii-rfuiiS«e#hic!i 
 ct>nfirms CbUhtils by ^ atithdrkyj and enforces thcii^ 
 cbfcrvanccin virtue of its prim acy* 
 The Holy See havihg dsrttin prx^oh that A6Xci\ii did 
 
 . . %;rve from thecatholic comihunton, had been i loni^ 
 thn^ without believing it, befeaiire he hlmfelf had often 
 been tiie executor uf its jucjgmcuts againft fcctaHes f.' 
 he was warded by letter frequently during a Ipace of 
 nearly three years ja e^cputajioti by a biOiop withletfe^ 
 
 . N^^Ut to exhort him not to {cparate KiB(clffttM|i 
 the catholic unity j and cfihet to c<)meorfeml,tqjutt^ • 
 
 . himfelf againft the weighty accuf^tlone of John, biOiof^ 
 of Alexandria t for, Jhough a new^ Council ajuld jft^ 
 be held, there is no Whop, who could decline the judg- 
 ment of thefirft See, to which the bifiiop of the fecond 
 Sec, having no other Judge, had'applied. Acacius in. 
 ftcad of .leaking fatisfaaion had corrupted the legates, 
 endeivourfng to draw this See into communion with 
 heret^ an d by his Jettittj dedarei ii^icMaiifi#^m i»^ 
 i..ix__ii_i_L Peter Xan"]^tychianlitruder) praiitiiir Mb, 
 
 and making bitter reprdaches againft John (thacatW 
 Uc patriarch) of Akdkmi without darfftg to wmc or 
 
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 hM beeit cont^cmnexl in virtue of tH^ GoAricil of Chat 
 ccdoti, arid the Holy See his retrenched him fron^ fieffj 
 <K)ttiniunioit; left fhd mouki fiiU ihto cotamuniofi^tH*/'^' 
 Peter, o£ Ale J^andriai witft Wh^«i. Aj:aci«A^did join iii -^ • 
 conitriuniori. Thqji Timothy, EJjiri^s. and Peter, bf 
 Alexandria^ who paffcd for bdCUopi, of the fecohdSec; 
 h»v«i been tondemncci Without *' new Council by the 
 lioly Sec ori the coai^tairit pf Acadus Mmfem JLet; 
 thete fliew ho^' Pfetcf hit, bfeen jiittified* The whole 
 ^urch knp^*, that the' Ghaii^of St. Peter has the righr 
 oliJjrolvingf^m ihejiidgrtieftu of other bifiiojij, ah** 
 of judgi% % church, fo that no oihcr can judgiJirs 
 jucigmenyi ;, finfcc the canons direa that appeals may te 
 brought tb it from tU part* oT the World, and it ii iwl^ 
 ihftwed to ^ffpd ^om it. Acaciiis therefore had xm 
 ptwfer to »Wbk^ Bcter, (rf Al«fxatid|4a, li^ithom the p^ 
 tici>atii)nt)ft^. Holy 6«j, who condemned jiim. L«# 
 them fay by wh;it Council he hap 4onc it, he who wis 
 but fimply % biOlop, dependant en the mcti*»poBs x£,. ; 
 llcradea.. ..... . We h*vei"niilod,4^ he^atthe pM* 
 
 ^gati^e, whiiii,;they defire f o. g^^ , Ataciusi at: bi&o* 
 qf the imper-ial city. !*» opt m emperor rcfided m 
 Icvennai-^t' Milair, At $tiiiiittm^ and at Trewrsf T^ 
 bifhops of t^fc cilie», have they, evpr tranfgrdift| tl|f# 
 bounds, wjfith antiquity prcftribdd m ihem. If atterti : 
 tit» bej^aidto the dignity of cities, ^e bi Aopi «f rh# 
 f^cond and third Seea^ have inore dignity than tlwM|, 
 ft^ofaeity which \m»Qt cyea the tight of mnetrdj^ 
 %. The tcisptlrsrti |«M|«r of thci*m|>irc«o<Hhtdiftiii^ 
 fctttiwj c)fei:cl?hatticaIdi|^iiie»aFcdi«:w»ii ltowev«»i 
 (mall the dry it door not dimjnilh thfe grandei^t of fibf^' 
 prince there refident, nor du«» the preftsiwcj ^Ae ea^'"' 
 peror change the order of rciiginpii, the ^imght^ptp 
 ther to make fuch advantageiub§rri4ent to ihciibe^ 
 pf rrHgion, remaining quiedy witKin ill, boiiodsi ^^ct 
 Uicmiww^^jl^^eaiperor Marcien, who iHI|^iol#b^ 
 i«y thi^^r th4 c»iti|l9il oltife ta&ap ^l^lonftatitU 
 
i'-^^>'l§3;; 
 
 ■'-'}■• 
 
 
 'i-i." 
 
 WUufirfor fi,pporaDg.he canon,; tet'lfcem hc^ Z 
 Ijflwp Anatohtt. Juttiftif, who fiid that- the «ttfpSl' 
 r»^tMr from^the clergy and people of CnfbSK 
 
 -J-epJumfef, whW»„firmed the eouncil of Clukadoifc J 
 
 tiualhed all that was done there ane*. comt^wSJ^ 
 
 miS^' heOde. the pow« wi^h/lSS:^ 
 
 ^Ifte writtt has been thus explicit ttntlieeoiiiKa^ 
 Chalcedon for the information pf thefe reader, y^ 
 
 attiRator feems incapable^either giving or reori»i«fcii.t 
 formucton^ Hk objeS is td invoLt^th inTh^ 
 
 embarrafi the unlearned. P. 48, he fay., th« Ah writ<x 
 
 Ttem^ibl — ' " *'" " *■" P°P*- *> ">« -»^ fe 
 contempttbly >gnora«a.„ottoknowthat , writer.fpeak- 
 
 S^^fa^^l"^ ^^^"^ »ii«aerftoodi^i 
 fice f ^ Itt t^neKt pig, he* trtnfwujfrom Raln^"!' 
 
 I^^'J1'«: ^ '^^•^' u..heStfhi: 
 
 FW^H^ «%«or himfclf. awjWproiflari* 
 ^utho^ <h^^^^ , ^ ^ ^ 
 
 ^Km ,™" V^*«* tbemfthrc, Gods ; to tlicfc he 
 "W^ '^ l^Podiorj of his own bnut,, thj. temark! 
 
 *ilP|l» Added, in which tf^ dodc iacalU/l • #k- r i^* 
 
 £! 
 
iil& m^^e th?m 4^od, att#^irt4ifs p^^Jfe^ is greater tti^ 
 
 f 
 
 ■p 
 
 S--t, . 
 
 ^ftf 
 
 t«l* c^^ifVdcb^^iynoidand Proifiafd, they arc of eqiHif. ^ 
 aftlftority, altd <i^f Timiiar t^C^^^^ ' Tlie wi-itcr fcdoAiC 
 ^bii^idli^ift^s h^ecKtatiorf bn tlii by which Sfe 
 
 John clofcs his revelation : " Without are dog^^arid poJif 
 fJh^H, fornjtikidl^ aWd' libpdd^, Mid idblatbfs, anit 
 eVary m^,wh9twis attd niaM a ik-^Rcv. xjiii. ijv'* r-^ V 
 'T^h quotation froiti Bellair^iine only Oiews' thfAt W' 
 kjfttt^ i^ot?Yin|^ 6f ciiAlcaics ; or that Irc d^^'not Ulii" 
 d^rtancf the' J^n^age of that Eimcd^cc^iitnmjjFtift. M 
 thcchapt^ whieh th6 caftigator cit^s, B* llarMnc tfndei^^ 
 ta!ce!v^%b pf<ytfc that tK<* pope by adidfioh addfeflcd td' 
 the it^ole ctoch Wfirft paftof cannot ordefatii^ things 
 cinM^ to ^ithW gooa inorAfij ; that hccan'ncKhcr 
 prohibit virtue 'iMlt corm^M v\cil THh |>6j(i^0n he 
 fotrA^on the prdmife ofChrfll'to his'cfiuf(eH( fHkn xvi. : 
 «*^ Whch the^ fpirlt %f tf"ut!i^ ^^^ftij^^^l teach yoii 
 aij^ingsc," which #lfi'hioft ^iijapftiil^ tbnfl: be ufl^^ 
 dmlddd of illtMngs ifjeceffary tp^cS^tidtii Hb fourtdl 
 a^ lecdnd argtirtteiit ott th€ Ittijpiyy' oT {\it)pnfi% tH% 
 do<^ commaiidi th<J feiiftftiB^i dbcfy tlitit paftorSi a^t 
 
 nctttiils tW^ paftm-8 tcj tl^iaHttlfviitiic ik vfec, drtHH 
 ff^ ^'tirttic ; Whidffe atii^nlf^ 
 ^^fiffe. Jhe writer hns yet tdldfrn how ffle Tbj^citidfr 
 ij^ijp^ blafphetrtyv % 
 
 •^Tn'fe r^ext p*^, he dlHer tntftsfkes of tttl ft^(*s tffll 
 aitnt tJeduced frotn^^irtetitis'dfetttnr.: Jlf W^i fetetid- 
 Ihc manner^ tn wHicW^%ddfcf^^ that^lfihuhih, dlK 
 ^reiit from W? lalotatiofi' S #c other dKuft?hefi and 
 riltefeftly expre#n^ ih prc-etttirtctice.' IttJ fnfmteftant 
 e#tfi^dr t>^^ the citttgatdr, thattfSf WtoslH clitiiN:h 
 p^dcd in4he countrf of the RoAan$. Thatthtrt 
 
 nkt > <hiVf^rh is ia ,tl»€ 4^ 
 nih^'BlcdSinaon^ tjnderRltia 
 
.%»■•■ 
 
 I 
 
 «lp» 
 
 '%'' 
 
 ■A», 
 
 .. «^ Rpimpi fhu.i??h ^ifej^a ,^«wEy f^t^B^f li ai ^ 
 
 jJf^pmaD chinch tQ^^co^ntr9r «|,idiSi^»»Ws, heralnfes . 
 
 5^ lijliicxtji^teinptjj t^jjifj^rt n^jpfi^e^c^vlrcsii^, 
 
 ^e w^ jB^cO^trmh. Hie ^rrfefi^Mlps not nartii-"- 
 %?r ip.i^iLvc.ftcii,> more ]^fe>^f 4|iin0»ii^|m^ 
 
 ^whipk i4ycM^%aipre of fraud ilmi^ig^or^mie. ''V^^llf^ 
 
 fgw i imfb this c4mreh^ fid J^ mimfi^ JMJ^ i^ 
 ^|tUrjife lifcd by Irenf ds, qm n^vfr |ic I^W il^^t#* 
 ri;?HR«if?Rf liliw^vcr the^i^ipptatioiiift ,i«litcli lie tatm 
 iVtij^Rjftipercafcs ih^foirctQCtJie^arpiii^lRrhiih ^#- 
 ^^fWfpjjrs ro elvtdo : ft>r#f it>be tfi«rv §% he ikys^.^MftJlie 
 jfdyraCe ^gnifies : /^i^r^r^MMp^^f j$»|^ Mrf^undirm m^' 
 ^0tfr€j^t^ng to thiiiburib^ it yit^ft be ^9. li|D0V^4ts dclc* 
 VcBinp, QfTi^eive its order* : for ti|eia|j(hM^r^ notnn- 
 
 ij^r l<bft aeceffity . of rcforting Xo^nf^ximrch f«ir tiwur 
 .^n^ppr^l jifiaurS. ft^orecwer Ireoeus* %« fhj^^tflf 
 >s)i>|Vch {Di^^ rf^^i$t tp^^i cburcb\ oa ^iceouiii of #«,%»« 
 tfoiiver/^ ppittftpalitf^ and explains w^t .lie ca^ls everjr 
 
 aHlMillFv^Q^oA of; coupthj^ or reftfictioii of pltfc, 
 
 jifciiiPi^ caftigator pi^«^ 
 
 ^f flf>ftHbiJlif«ilMi Upmw 4ste^m% fpelfcufef^il^Mif 
 0pSfmf^ QUlWcb, of:xWb«ti. in M>QVfirlio%^Pi}m^ 
 ^Nn^fgivcs, it muft lie ut^erftooU, as it can binriicl 
 
9^ 
 
 i 
 
 '0^ nud^i fbiJBrounJing/^i, whfeli ibis cmr 
 «ieiit miuces^tD the people near cIjc fuburbs of Rome, 
 0r, ii he itrtm it : the /uhurbimj r^imu. He ha$ n|| 
 toW us how Lyons^ jkn inland dty in France, ol Which 
 nfeneus was bifliop, was tni|||g;i|&cl into a fubtirttcaty 
 dfRottic^nor tohe toW n«%&h what propiiety Ireaft. 
 ' y« 6«<i : that itvtry clmrdH^ refort' to the Roi^n 
 fhurch on account of -xk$ iiiore powerful priqdpaliiy, if 
 lie only btcnded t6<iiy :^thatthepeofaeof the adjaccBt 
 fisuntry were oWlfca t^ go to Rome to tranika their 
 private bufin^ : if thl? cJiftTgator previU on himfcl^ to 
 believe that Ire^eus, %aking of t|tf R^aii dJurch^ 
 fowttd^rd by the apofiks Peter and Bui, is ^obeundci^* 
 ft^ ol^e Roman State, which they diit noj found* 
 ^i ^tii he ^ys : thmfl0 ^Wh muft refort to this 
 .^rcn ou account of itiH laWe powerful ^Indpality, he 
 ti to be u^derftood of the people going tb traofia their 
 my^t bufinefr in thf dty. ' The writer laments his fol^ 
 ^, and if he <k>es not beUeii^ it, he mbrc ijaccrcly li* 
 «ienti the credulity ^of his dupe^. tet bin* co^ult h^ 
 fpirit of divisation to know why thriftian church^^ 
 ftoiild retprtto a Heathen &nate, or a Heathen emperors 
 If ever the chiirch was di^ipa from the State it was in 
 Irencus's d|ys/^h^ the State pcrfecutcd the ciurd^ 
 with relentfe^ 'vi^lence^nd unremitting ardour. As the 
 caftigatdr fccms determined to force Ireneus to condemn 
 popery, however reludant, the writer begs^leiye to fur^ 
 niihfome materials for the ezercife of hirttlent. Tliat 
 vcncriWe prelate i^rotc \ trcatife againft herefy, in tl«| 
 time of pope Eleutjie'riusi about the year < 80. This 
 treati^, yet extant, in an fM L»tin verfion, with foihe 
 fragmcrits of tile original, is divided into five bookt. 
 In the firft he accurately explains the ty^itm of Valertti* ', 
 »us, who pretended to engraft all the extravagwdes of i^ 
 '*' ' " ' ' ^ ' "^ itjL^iyi^ 
 
 Plat butc ptlntofodiY oil t fee do drinc^ 
 •hen ^*^^SSimth?^^archs, 
 
 10 had appeared, 
 ' from Simony the mkgidAn, in the apoftles days, to t'lN 
 tien, his owa^cotemporaty* In the fecond book he it- 
 
 ftites 
 
>. 't,' -.,4 
 
 1*^1 
 
 L'^^f-*-" 
 
 tfures their diftrcnt wrors w^th great ftreffgtli of rcifcif, 
 
 Jri^ and pcripictiity. In the t{M|-d W etlabliilhcs the dl- 
 
 •ioUc dd^ripc oh the authoHty of the fcriptiirci and 
 
 triditkyn ; expofcs theiirtificc bf fciaaries, -vi ho, prefie4 
 
 *|>yt}ic Authority of the ifcrjpture^ had fecoti^rfe to tfadi- 
 
 ^^^ and to declinfe the force of tradition^l^ad recotui to 
 
 "*" ^riptiinl^. The tradition of the ^ hi^rch he proveg 
 
 ttUthenticU^ thcifucceiTion of bifhops. ^* to look back/*. 
 
 ^ ^« hie, •« on the tradition of the apoftlek, made^anif^ 
 ito ^he whole world, is caiy ih every chttif^, for al^ 
 
 %hb defirc to fee : w^ can enumerate thofe, who have 
 
 / ^fcen inttituted bifhops i^ the chWcKes by thd apoftl^^ 
 atodthdrfucce0brt^downtous,whot'^^^ fuch thing;, 
 
 ; linewnofuchthing ^8 thcfe(lfer,)haye raved, if ^l^c apolj^eg 
 iadknown conceaJe'd royfke^^ 
 Ihc perfe&, uiirkhOwh to others, tfieyVou^ have deli, 
 
 1 tcred them principally tO| tlijofe, to whon\ they ^o^imit- 
 ted the churches \ for thcfy recjuired that, ^hey.who^ 
 
 .|they thcmfelyes h^d left tlieir iucccflnrs, and t^o whom 
 
 >^^*y had committed their authority to teach, ' i(7^^ 
 
 riSaj^erii iradentes\ fliould be truly perfect tftd iifr^ 
 proacb^blc in all thin^ ; but as it would be very tedi- 
 ous to cnukneratcthefucceflions Of all churches, we coC 
 found all thofc, who ^n whatever manner, wheth^ 
 through {elilovc,valn^glory, hjindqcfs or unfounc^ doc- 
 trin?j, cmleft whwthcy bu^ht not,t)y indicating to them 
 
 -^efaith of the |;rcatcft, the moft ancient, and b«ft known 
 4hurch, founded atRome>y the twOmo^glotio^^s apofileii 
 J*eter and faul j and tha^t tradition which is from them, 
 ahd k come tp us by the fucceffion of bifliops, with this 
 church every church muft agree, or •** to this ch^rch 
 every church muft rcfort,** on account of 1^ mor^ pow- 
 
 >^l printipaffity, that is, the ^thful. Who are everf 
 *^"iere, ip which, that tradition, which Js f^-om the ap<^. 
 
 1 1 wif% ^m Mi ■ J ■ 1 1 II 
 
 ttntumcci oy 
 
 The biefled aj)0ftfc8 therefoi^e fiaving fbund^d and i^. 
 ftrtiaed t<ie chuM, gave the emfakjal chiilfl^ of «!, 
 
 ...^..^^4 . ^^:h^;m4^ ^. : ^i^,rtnt 
 
 \ • G|ftigMor'« veriion. 
 
 ■♦■ 
 
;t 
 
 IftcfUig, .the chiirpHi rto Uajis^ ^f <l>if Uiwis Jf^if^. 
 ^^ b?Jji|i,Ma epiftlos t^^i;^ ; to. bim, fiaccccde^. 
 I^na^etiis i after Mm, in tbc thir^ plaee from i^j^ 
 ljpplUes/|D|cnJient <)bw\neci Ihe biikt^p^if?, vbo jCm^ 
 ^ ^BIc3 thcmfelves >^nd (CQoCcrred with tbeii, 
 
 I^Qidj^helr trs(Jt|tlb9 More hls^ycs, jin4 nQt.ilpiie,f^ 8^ 
 ^ye(;ji^Dy rcmMned, who hajj jUeem tjipght by the «poj| 
 ^Pp ^ndcr this e^mcI«:^ 4 great dw^^ was m^! 
 «f|iong$t the brethren ^% Coririthi the I^orojt)^ chup^ 
 Vtotc 4 powerful JeUer to tbe Corlfithjans to, reitom 
 them tp'^ce^-aAd tq renew m them ;Ui*t4^*i(|i^ and txpmi 
 lion, wUch they ha4 received fi^om the j^gftlcs. ^a 
 this element EyariftiM fiicoeded, aqd A^^^dcr to Evjh 
 iidu^ ; the ^th frpm the aperies Sixty^s yras ^ippoiuted, 
 fiid Mto'' hifi, Tclcfphprus^ who f>*^red fnartyrdopi 
 ^oft gioriOMJ^y ; then Hy^in^s, and afj^er him., Pi^ia, ^<* 
 ^rwhopj4nicctus#whep>Soterfuccefded;A 
 ip the twelfth place ^roct)^ the apoftlca Eieutherius has tjie 
 f pircop;\l charge?, by this ordination and iucceflion, tha^t 
 tC4^itigi}, which is Irom the apc^tttes, in t^e church, *|?4 
 thc^prc^chiog oi truth, descended to us ^ * ^ . . ;Ifj con«» 
 ^^niijc$ Ireneus, the le^tiipfiftion h^ under difcviTipn is it 
 riot^ necefl^rjr to_refQrl.|o the. Biofta«cient churches, 
 ^hei^ the apoftles li^^edi What if thjf j»poftJc^h?d 1^ 
 4«^H^wr|^flg^ ShoulA Vire not fyUow tl^. tjj^iil^ia, 
 which thc^ left ;q tho;fe, to w^hom they catru^(»| the, 
 churchy ? this is wh/t many barbifirousi natipjis 
 \jdio,belie.^c in Jiel^us ,Clvift, withoW p^iper ©r ink, 
 j^ the! doftr»^ -of f?<^vAtioa written in their hearts by 
 jtht^ i^o!^; (Qhoft* 3^c\d faithftUly l^eejpingthcold tradition, 
 qqttcernijpx qrtt Qpd a^d i^^ ai^d (9f'his Son Jefys. 
 
 ^h#, , I '?fe» ?«^ti«^ Wived thtJ^iaith withQiJt; 
 * • iv^ |3ft|^pp»^,^ tolhgj§^«^»>«itf re 
 
 V they ?irp tri^ w¥e., ;iwi^es^||||^ 
 . lirvitju^c and Jpty 4 an d if an^ ^|if|^^ prc^h 
 Jg ih€ir language* wiat thefc feftanes hasrc,: Ift'iwjnted, 
 
 ' ■,'} 
 
H '^•Ti 
 
 not;iiftfct» tofeWlaiphciny, Ac6^ ttaditloa of tiie apoft!!fe# 
 j|)esnot(uflFerfuchm6nftrousd6arinc8 to 4:btd^ 
 Sfbds, becaufe there arfe as Vet lio, aircttibli<5 of feaan^^ 
 aftiofigff rhcm : for before Valctitiiitos thttrd^dfe titer Vi^ 
 Kntmiarts ; hc^tt RfeHclOh tb^&rt wtfre nO^rdtijmtc^r 
 ti^ ^ny of tht^fea^rie^ Mfore tftcir aiithots/^ : ■ 
 
 ^lii hfe next! e0ay, th^ tafti^tor will; inform us^ Ht^ 
 L^Otis, in f'rance, Gorimh, ia fetccte.^attd'tifcfo b^ 
 Parous natiolis, who knew nothing oFthtf Orcein ot. 
 Romfan langCiagcSi were tratr^ortcd into the neighbooi'* 
 ¥odd''of Rome, as htftory is fflent ofl the fiibjea:, hir 
 ii^tnilbr fpirk will tell hint, how tlif inhabhants of tfieifi^ 
 a^tiiitrieis, g&iti]^ to traq&d tfieii' private bufincfs, iearti-^ 
 ed from a Hda^thei^ fenate, the tradiljoit, whkh dc^ 
 fcetided from thcapottles by thfe' fucccdioii of BifliopSi . 
 ■ This <;©mroenr on ifehj^s, cattraftfed from tht fccu- 
 feceof a difofdtred brain; he pretends tci Jftveni^cn^ 
 l5y aborting thJ^fixth canoii oft^ice ftohi the Intended 
 it^% and ^ttortffenfewhfch it conveys. Thie wr^ei*; 
 onte moft inftrts the cinoha^ cited by Attitis^ atid aff^ 
 fliA by the caftigi^tor, *• let ,th6 ancient cuftom contiifue ^ 
 Sil teigypt, tybii, ^nd P<mtdpolis, that the biihop of' 
 Alexandria have the power over all thcfe, life^fe this ir 
 tje ,c\iftom or mannteip of the biflibp ot ftbtW?' w/i^ fir 
 d t§ Rottfi mto/uhitbu^l^ Me muft be as acute as the 
 inftrudting fpirit of the; caftigator who can difcoVer in 
 this canOtt any jurifdidion given to the bifliop of Rome. 
 If word^ be un4erflood in their common acceptation, 
 thocatton fay$, fft^il was the cuftom with the bifliopof 
 I^e, that the bifli^ of Alexandria fhould prefideover 
 Egypt, LytAi, and PcntapoHs, for iouio,tbii, muithave 
 a Teference to tlwiferroer fetitencc. If thecaiion liad 
 (aid : the bifliop of Home pi^fcs: over th* ftiburbicary^ 
 _citi«ht Italyj thetrforclct thc^B!( k>p OfAlexandria PggtJe ^ 
 ciVcr ltept;>i5^/:##fbitapoifs, the tea¥n wotild 
 have been infufficient and ridiculous, Tliii comment,* 
 therefore, convehs found realbiiing into nortfenf^ this^ 
 
 -■■:■, . ■' ' ' ■ .';.:-.• •;■ . wild 
 
 
il 
 
 
 if-mt 
 
 " -»f, 
 
 ^ 
 
 id cqnjcauw of Rufous, the cafti^tar tranfcriyi 
 ^om Pyncu3^which be^ i^pd^ftiy enough. J^iVcsftii. 
 Jb^fenfc o£the|>thers. ^hc writer begs leave to afiliii 
 Hini, that Rufous is indebted <o the caftigator for hf 
 ^acc amo^gft that veucrablt Mx of n^cn j an^ he la. 
 teents ^ncerclr t^t thjl^iyild and unfounded conlcaure.^ 
 iMiot the only ane whU:h zfic^s bis ijiferoory, Aough 
 >ihalUe^ rankTbini with fedaries of any denoniiL 
 tiwi* St^'Jerotti. in bis apology againft Rufous, nd|ul 
 befori^the writer, treats bin, with great feverity, he ac. ' 
 cufcs him of ^fcribihg a boo^. written by an Ariap, to 
 the martyr Pamphilus J andaf infoiouilyebdeavoiirW' 
 to imroduce the er«,r8 of Origencs, whofe works Ru|. : 
 fu "^ J^anfl^ted Wo.Latin, as if author^ by^hin^. 
 - ^T; tf^""5' '" ^'' inyeativcs igainft Jerora, did not 
 juftify hlmlelf of th^fe chargeii* . Ih^^ % 
 
 %caftigator, w%di<liain4 to coniuUtiftory, having: " 
 
 ttlls uUhaftbe bilbopofRomebyrciidingatthefeatV 
 of government had acquired a confiderahJc influence! 
 Writers of the tm^, teU us that his influence was found-' 
 id.^^ his apottolical authority, which defcended to hii^ 
 in^ue fiKxeffion ii-om ^a pr^sdeceflbr Peter, At^th^- 
 di#ancc of fcyenteen, «fcntujies, this cafligator know* 
 tetter: hisiurmife ftand^n oppofitipnto the pofitivi 
 aforaiice of cotemporary writer^. On accoimt of tWi, ' 
 iftiiucnce, continues the cafligatorj a certain xcfpe^ w* ^ 
 pa4 tp hina hy the Surrounding MJfcop,, Juxourfe o* 
 tinMJ t^s refpcd began *q be vi^^lt.aa »iincknomtd^l^ - 
 m^of (iipcriority, but he met^^Mformidal^^o^ * 
 AcnRmth^ 1>J«I9P of Conftantiu^, ft difrcffai^" 
 thcfuggcflipnsoChis familar fpiriq Ve had confuiiiw^ 
 hiftpry, he would have f«n^ the bi&op of Rome pcaS^ 
 ably^cxq-ufing his {p^nml jurifdiaioft, long bcf6f|§ 
 CoQftantme, the founder of 6,nftaniinople, wn born7 
 H e felfo r gotrrn , t hat hf, l|[|| ^ lf haa t o ld^rin thrfemg^ 
 pgc, that AnatoHus, depending on the influence of th<si 
 Court, >yas ih^firft opponent., This happened in the? 
 
 -.—/■i 
 
 «■*- n- 
 
 ^^ *,k-'>v,>.(* ■*»- 
 
 ^-f 
 
 •«. ■'. 
 
 year 
 
«f«*^-J 
 
 J ' 
 
 ' ^,-- 
 
 ^''\^ 
 
 £)mc»s jwlfdiftiiaif, ftii* thiit he ttkrio^vUdged ; but^ 
 tuinarprionc/ of rank over thie piaeria)r6hs of Atex<fi|4 
 dria and Atitioch, arid #Jttriicliaiot) over fomc nietr0f»04 . 
 litiutf, if the Roinan ^tiff would qonfent, ^hichcd^ 
 feat, tiiougbremedbyLeo^ wai at leiigrii .extorted v1^ 
 bbftioatc kttportunitf , Commoit fettfc infc#niii( u^ tha?t 
 if the jurifdj^oii of lifo bll^ of Roidiie had been inftU 
 tutcd by jriTf GoutkJil, or znf ibUltian authority, this k|i 
 ,ttfgutng prejate might, ihwiu^K the m&aettG6 of tU 
 tiSiMirt and Senife, iff To great i Council, eompoiisd ol 
 ©reeks, AfiatJ<jsi and Africiii«, have pbtaincKf a jdi^ 
 didion over the bifliofi of Romo,^i«#dts(« over the pal 
 triawhf of Ate*aftdrii-and Arttioich, and To ttianf tit^ 
 ^opdlicansi who were forced to fiibmit lo^iii aaihorityk 
 Wht cafttgitor him^lf has toM us that the jurifiMiijn t< 
 Aleir^ndria and ^Btioch had been atithorifed by the greaf^ 
 Oouiidl of NIee i if then the juiifdi^iof^c^ .lt^iftA«4 
 (Mp.theiame authority, it might tal^^ed^^Mim#M'\ 
 tfie fame m^ms^ by the Gouildi cN^€haleeKlim, »^lnft ' 
 this truththereii no n^lofiin^, tke tailigator ftate^-^i^ ^ 
 wMich in^jjdate hfei cbiijeaiiriii. Jii the^nes^tpagCi ||0^ 
 he tranfetitt^^t twcnty-eightk lai^ ai 
 
 h&doRcd by htt^ othtf ifcHbbi^piit^yHiit^dii v: 
 hot fi^fpei^ him ^V<Mp^ve (biiNi^i^e oi4gina>^ 
 underhand it if he mt. Krafmtis would have iaid t S^iin ' 
 JtlOihm out Subukum ^imm mipriikfmnm et pi^^''' 
 in Bmitukiisniriimumimm, ** Whereas the See^dM. 
 Hotm hath b<^a not Undd ftii l ^ diftinguiflied \^ \m 
 Fatheit With'^ome pritfleges, bldMilll 'tbt city Wis thi 
 feat of empit«f the Fathers of ConftaiitifiDple were 
 prompted by tl« fime motive t<} lUftfngu2fil^«b« tii(^ 
 Holy ^ pf new Home with equal pfiviteges, Ihb^ng^ 
 iit that the ckyj whidi^he/ law honoured with «he etii^ 
 piremna tn^tenHrle^^ iiiMl^ei|Vni iiitffWf dVU pnffMR^Ui 
 old Rcfme, ihoiri^ be equalled to heratfo in ckgclefiijiltM^ 
 nttmi^" heilliiiM»(H^tfir ^opst his eopy ifi^^mofii 
 eatea^ m' ttiouldered iHnith age<l fii i;aaoa iUiide ihus ia- 
 <','^ ''^ y ;., U / N ■ '■ ; ■ al^ 
 
 V 
 
 .y 
 
 m 
 
- I*' 
 
 .0. <- . i" 
 
 
 "*' 
 
 V 
 
 ^' \',^M,\ ^' A., ' ••',-■•'3 ■• 
 
 w ^Qfiks jwfbii^ Imivc cfcapcd -Ihe moths : " the ^tliert 
 bprightauribttted to thfe tjirpnc ,o.i old Roinr|)riyili* 
 ges bccaufe it w^ . the reigmf>g tity ;i through thjo Sm^ ^ 
 Aiiiiliverrllbe , i/o^atiiers hav^jucigedj^iiat ucwKotifit, 
 iifhictt.is^lioDbred with tiie empire ind thfr fentt^j jtboiiui 
 %|y^ Hk$: privileges kvihe eoclefiaftical order Wa* ibi' 
 jtcindsfiftitJl : Some malignant moth hsd fixcJd on thcfc 
 l||^^ wocds and cfiacied tiicmfrom the caftigatorVcopyk 
 34e eanon Jcobtlnuf^s to enumerate tl^ priyilegqs grartt*. , 
 edjto the, $je$ 4f ConftafitinOple { To that themetropow 
 iitaft&ofctlic. diilriias of BcHjtus^ of .'I'hracc attd 4fia only ^1- 
 aod the blftops «iC tWe dioce^ lirWu^rc ito tfie coi||^ 
 tries of t^e BaH^ariaos^ |nay be ordaifted by the .Scif of 
 Conftantinople, •qci report of thei^ canotiicai efccliousi 
 Jhefe arc the privileg^^ granted to the S^ of Gonftanti. ^ 
 liople, on condttiQij ;t|y>t «h« Rottiao pontiff IiC»^ would 
 igrcc to, iti lyhidi neither the perfuafionS of .the emper- 
 or, the iatrig^cs of ^natotijidi^ <Dor tbe eni;rcati<isof his 
 ^ends in the church, ji% txht jfenate, and m Ifie eii|^^ 
 <ou|d pr<?vaU on him to^o, not becaufe the prcrogati^s 
 ffctho^oman See weri?, <|ii|iiniChed ; for this canon left 
 ' t^ni eut^r<. and untoucSf d $ jbut l)ccaufe the pitri- 
 ; *rchi oi t jftjiex ai^ri^ and Aijtioch were depr i ved of 
 ticif aiifci H^hich they: held in .^c church f roia the earlieft 
 ages^aftd which «ia;J^qi5n%:med?||»o^them by the GoJunciJ 
 
 ^:. I^e^ «(llgator^ Ib* whit he catli^ '4 rcfatitidiif paiflS u«. 
 l|Ol»ced the tefiimonlc^, qf F^piph^usy ^f Athanallus, of 
 ||fl6l, the Great, of Chryfoi6»m»|)f Cyrils of Alexandrbf 
 |l^cv,v which the wwi^ had adduced in his Remarks, p» 
 i^7» • • • . to (Ww» tfKit the^bifliopol Rome didexcrciie 
 j^i^ jii|if|ii|Hof\ over the Greeks andiAf^iM:i0| before and 
 #<|4l|)^ Council oi Nice > and cavils oa a paffagc of 
 l^eodoret \^ich Jie thinks he may? diftort* / 
 
 •^fcW.-i' 
 
 ^\ prelitcsi Mfemrted in Conftantiliople irv ,th«^ 
 lP^iX(^i% v(hu had beeniprefent#t (^he gmeral Coundl 
 iliijititftoa iiccter to \kA MTciiern. prelates then atkome» 
 
 i\ 
 
^''*Wp'.^ 
 
 m 
 
 r,x 
 
 J 
 
 
 fSy, Ih iestdrflfc^^^r net <i(^4ng«f^ %ftTei:«*Ydnw o^tii. 
 tfawifini poffibly doit, b^cAufe wtt |)rep{irtd tturftlvc^ife 
 irayeftaot farther thah Conft^nrinttphi, a» w€ were edilk 
 manned by icwep^ font by yo^Ur re-^hte Ito tho^mpjbr^ 
 ■fhcodtofiiis ^claftyicar after tH^Odahd^of Ac^lkisu^l 
 Whfiicailigatoiff pirct^^ iflkV tliei laW^gjfe -^P tbd p^elatcl 
 Us bcci) tpfis^A H that dtattoil>?«tf'ou^t Cb haW 
 
 ^«o|ifiilt«d^tiebd^r<<e^« oWri Work W^poi^t hii aflfertfc' 
 ott;im'd tdt^'i^ a garbled frdgrneft«'fi««m BIniiis, wh^ 
 ihoitgH a zckltniW pa|)ift; ^s the tafti^AtOr faysl i* riiit tht 
 m«ft exact C6m^)lw«. A^ the Ic^t^ir h qovv befe^^^ 
 
 , «i*^ccrprh T?h«od(JWtV ^s^rh,, lltfi^i^''Bim^s^ coifepilatfe 
 m^t ihe> gives * papt of> i%, from t irhich l.hte tisadcr'tila^ ^ 
 judge with id^reainty, Whfether, iti? the- diation, hehdl 
 icyerfecl the -p##fete^ language <«• nbtrrTlrh* 1ett||^ 
 iddrefla^NlWa'mkfbs, the then Rd man pontiff, to Anft 
 brofe< Brittljni Vai1cri*f>, AfchoIm«< AfemuS^ Bafil, an^ 
 theiothef tiftopa aAifmbled in Rome*' After defcribmg 
 «he horrors of the perifeciidon, knd the iWfeHtigsrof ,ca^ 
 tlioHcs in tWi paftv luidf^ tfhe Ariait em|^cyVyaicni*«, 
 Ih6y %,^i^ ** feeingi therefdte, th4t you, ts^ deelir^^youf 
 •broihtecly tove toward4 USv havitig b^ tfce permiffidodif. 
 Ood affemblcd a Ceunlcil at RutrMs, did caH us tiiit^fM^ 
 «rternbeYR «f yom* oWn bbdy^by the letter $^f tKia^oft 
 Rolf Efifperor, Left^ whereas we on! j^, have in tiitiei* ^)*ft 
 
 . Sndttred tfiie.Hjifefy, now.thsit tile tfiiipertn: Mth obri- 
 fented to the faith, you (hpuld reign without us, biit 
 rtitherv as the apdftle fays, we may rclgn with yott, it 
 is our ofily defire^ if it Wferc pofTiWcj tq leave^iir drur* 
 
 ^esaH^at" ortcc to ftilfil your defife^ or rather tofet^eHlJI 
 
 '' nediffity of the church, ' * Who will give us Wi.nj**>^* 
 the<|cfv^e' tharwe may fly and alight with you ;* hnf^bfe- 
 eaufe t!w churches) Utelffeiy red w0Ulfli>e left dcUi*^^ 
 by>tha*iiickfui-e; and moreovei; ft)rae ofuscArinot pbfft. 
 bl y^ dcr^it , ^ bifefe aufe. We prepared durfelveifo travel ndc 
 firthpf tbikn 'G5fnH¥tin'o|rtera^^wi w^^^ 
 letters' which ybuir reverenciefent to the moft holy em^ 
 prer^ Theodolfiis t^ fjift year alter tlte Gouncil <^^que- 
 
 ^^d 
 
 „v 
 
 ■■'••'rV 
 
 .■<H' 
 

 '~m,-^i^T 
 
 K" 
 
 Jdjy I twlfrr tWi Cttoiidl idi|1i^ brdq|^ wll* ^ 
 1ik0 cOiiiimt of ibc bi&oi% WN .rtmiincdt i^ home M 
 fbcirv Proyifice*. ^t did tiot tMnk Hlfiif #e flkouW 
 ,||||^»l» trtvel iM^^ J nor^ia w« hear if >ftylw* 
 j^itier be^rc ^ met M C}onft»ntiiro|lc } morc<>ver tfe^ 
 tpmt fixed wai (b diort thut we ba^fiottiine to make fo 
 llig t jpUTBei^iior W^aU tl^e H^hopii of e^y Province 
 Ift gl rti cir^n^ e^Hiiinuniqite wHli us, laor )f*t <otiWam 
 iMr coD^t TWe aod other caufes preyctfitedili^greit* 
 
 ^ l|^gikMkW ext^^H is tnan^eft that D^maAis^d^d noi 
 
 Hi^M thi» i^^ti^ Wkopi in v|rt^e6f ihf jraiperorV 
 
 J^li#«bi.^» that ^(j emperor dW {^minoathiai-ti^ mget 
 
 ii^OiiflawltiiKfle, inr^irt^c of the pppc's letura after th^ 
 
 jC^^yflcii of Aqucleii, audiR^hen they arrived ta C^tiQi^antip 
 
 '•MeiihftyfoiMid the F»pe'fi Ictt^ff in the f^rtpjiWh^Of 
 
 <J^f!iKands,direaing them tOt«^r to Rone, which 
 
 liUlllliiiied for the reafonsaiSgnedin theh> tetter. This 
 
 til«l||^rglyftatedbyTheoc|oret : in the preceding xhap^r^ 
 
 ilter givijig a hricf aceoHftt of the C<5unc»lof Gonfianti- 
 
 ^pJc» hel^ U 'i^he; y«<i 3I1* he fay» : **t\^ ehluing 
 
 iimmPt fevers* of t^cm (the biOiops) r^iiurmng tbthe 
 
 IJMni^iiy (Con.) for ihcnccefliry bMfifteft of the church 
 
 li^fhem th^tlicri they received letter* froitt4 Cowicil 
 
 ^Wkop» imhJpi Wd^, iniriting thero to Ronie^ where 
 
 ipany bifliopa were aiTenabledtl^ut thei^ declined soaking 
 
 .4b long a journey, ^hinkingU to no purpofe .%»*•. theiy 
 
 own letter will more dearly (hew their fortitude and 
 
 fifdom," In V. C.8. He then giyeaacopy of their letter 
 
 \pmBd. It is^tjMfrefore true, if there be !tn|.h in hiftory, 
 
 ihU it wa» notlthe pop«( who fignified %|if#toperor*a or- 
 
 .fkra i bi»t.^ was the emperor who intimated the popc'« 
 
 .prde^<l^tc$>Scholaftictts,t)ayNii^i^ of 
 
 .pecJe^aftical makers at the caftigator himfetf; «hd ^oac 
 
 y>cn, akwyen who copied hina. fpeak of the Eg^p>eror*s 
 
 ,ord||:| to the' prelate^ to meet lii CoH^^^S^S^ 
 ' *" plipublic fzci they muft have known, they art filcnt 
 
 - illllpierhaps xf^lvie^ 
 
 ,„ * ' ^, nothing. 
 
 
'«-f*^'^^'» 
 
 |M>^iiai^ liwsy ^<lfcfv?5tifl| credit itt oppofltidn to t^^ 
 df»|»^i|»©ft le*^ prclitc pf theage, wHo gira w 
 copy ft^a* ig fWrdi V P^ 1% caftipfitoir pret«i^' 
 ^t thefe MifltSi did not Mow by ybofc prdcrs th^r 
 ^ne fttiWpwd. to nwjcrf 'We'fei¥)w^^ tfccr Ceretti^' 
 
 general Jioliitil, ccldinitcd by Orcs^& and Afiatics, ^^ 
 |(fciUfiqd hy Nihil, tiiat the pope's circular letter w|^ 
 l&dMpe^^imM&ry tiiauthorlfe a genend Syi^Jd, r?^ 
 j^th<jp^aitc5i&o» of.mn A^ by GoproM 
 
 awu^f ol 4D|Unot|a inoipwry, wlilch had aflSoBcd tl|* 
 'liSiOiBininni^l; tl^ palates lay : " how is it a^ 
 ©ccufnenical iyHod, wWch-was ndthet recwYcd nopan^ 
 proved* biit aailfeMniitifal by thtbifliops 6£ thir o^ 
 cbui^^ i Whidi h^d not the cqncnrftnce t)l the pope 
 , ib£ RoBMj nbr of th<j||liop^, who are with htm, ndthcr 
 ^y hi^y^ttl^^J^l^i ^^^I'^f^*^^^^^'^^^ *° il»ufapi 
 0^untihi^ 8^. 6. th^ prfelalefli, ^o had befbro 
 tbeni the origijialwaf^ o^ aU the ffeneraV Counc 
 Wd before cbeirtiiBC, de?iUre ii^ to be th<i iifege to ha 
 th^ pope** orcular letierl ^Cliia «ircul|^r tetter muft havig 
 bwO commuBicated to ^ ai^o^ of Cdnftantmoj^ 
 lor -withottt<yt:«bnfeiifc h^ ©^ 
 preUie* of 4* anpirei^l^ trivcWed atthcpubli<;:«ti^ 
 |)enfe. s«id*toi«^ tboB; !»)£»««« f rote 1^^ 
 
 .. $reafury»'-iisif.-^cM^;^^-:;i3f *\' "' -''^'^ ;?/'*' Vi-i^•^'■'Jrik,*^v^ 
 .ff^rhe pop«1i concurrence and approoahon to *€ii^ ^ 
 Council oecumenical wai fo weU Imdwn to be indl^^^lt 
 iJble, thal^ Stflpbeii, of ^oratit ; Auxentiui, rCw>ft*»- 
 tVoopolitai^ biJtrti, eptiincntly con(picuoui iitibligft th»« 
 Greeks^ bo\h for fficpce and fandity, objcaed that de< 
 hSt, to ^thc eonamiflionert of Copronytnus without i 
 reply. Ftii||||j|iith€fe infatuated prelates, who, iit coin* 
 plaifance tflM^Court, Jiad renounced the faith of their 
 anceftors that if, Theodofius, of Ephclui ; Conftantine, 
 ofNicomidia; Conftantkic, of Nitoliaj Sifinnius, Par- 
 ^liMMtM. Ba ffl. ' m<»»^» wi lh t h e pa ll ic iau C a mau a» 
 and the prime fccretary Combocon«i% were feot by tb« 
 emperor Hil|,iWi|tge Stephen to fubfcribH|j|^ei o£ 
 
 :t»2'4S|l.-*^ 
 
 ^^^"■S-^i^u^ 
 
 t. 
 
 M J. 
 
'*" 
 
 > « • "•* \ . ■ ■>.'(''',■ 
 
 fahfiV newJy iWimt«l arfd authorife^lijr C#rompw68% 
 ^% biihop^ in %hat they, cillcd 4a ciccuincnit^ 
 S|^. Wbei^ they pr^d Stejphep^|tp.i*ibfcribe thi* 
 ficw fath, and propqfedjI^lterimtWe, death. In cafe 4S$ 
 iion.eoinpli»n«e, read, fedhd, that- 1 nwy fce-if ihenpfei 
 *ry tl^ng^ reafonabfe b it. . Confhhtinc. bt&op *of. Na. 
 ^, having rcKi fehc;ti)tI<^^ I^finkiori dP feitli^by.th* 
 »oly eQ^iIfevcn;.h ot^nrknical i'^tophen re|iikd.thac 
 Ue^ncil was ncidier holy nor oecumei.ic3^;o|, tll^ 
 iKl* <»w«ib«||i of thd dibHinaJVenthc writer dmitiffitctieo'p 
 Mafomn^ tHus that vcocra^Ic fago peafcmed ^ft aai# 
 fecond : %ow bthatCoundlbecumcnicaU^hicH was.aog- 
 Wnjved by the .f^t^hi l^mj^ though^ thcrd be a.aino# 
 which forbids tP^gulato. e(xIcfUftic4.afi^r* -wichotie 
 torn ? it has dot been approved, contixioed. Stepheny^^ 
 ^c^patriarpji W Alexandria, nof by the patriarchkti 
 Antiochor Jerufel^ra,.! Wh^are their Jettm^ «oy 
 ^ that be called %\^ ' fcrnith' €otiniiiH whid^, i^f^ ' 
 JW^oj^t^^^ fix ^prcccdi^Gotfiiciis I : In whiit^ ] 
 lUied Bofil, do we difagrw Uxh l^ie £ » preceding CptJii. 
 
 ^mbled m the ciwr(to?Handiii tbcfc churches u-ei^ 
 
 ^e hbt ima^ . recmtd ^^ revered by t but. fethm ? 
 
 aaii,^j^o»gh a!ftronuo«»' konoclatty adoiilted. k. Wi||^ 
 
 tM caftigator deny, what his anceftous, on the «|iA[K« 
 
 «t -ilftefaa^^^erei forced to «dimt ^thaMhart^wdiHn^. 
 
 gc|!adoi^mgth<ycbiififchca, aid there Mwt«dibv all thi 
 
 palates, who. compofed ^th<s Iwc firft Ocncrat'i^uncili, 
 
 ^tJ^%^% whole chriftisih wbiid ? He may deny it • 
 
 Wc thcnc is fm, truth whMhrpenrerfeobftinacy may not 
 
 ^eoy •/ btit his ^^c€ftor»/ the icon<ickiftf» OoMjd iM^t, bcw 
 
 emifa the churche?* v^rc ^he^ in being; arid tjhe. very im»- 
 
 ges revered by thtir anceftor^ weiieiUot||^b« feaft. Oli 
 
 this ftibjia i^'c^hali r^afun mow at Urg#''||| th^ oourib trf 
 
 this work. The wrlt«i^ only -rdiiuiWM^^tr prdint^ that 
 
 •Qt^er it oecuinetjicil .WiiAhMWi«r^ipublkly knowv, 
 
 iAJ* \-*-/-.." 
 
 * -J *^ 
 
t< y,»,;^(»^4« ' 5 ji^^M-yr^ 
 
 ,H^ 
 
 t:hurchfef> * 
 
 ■m 
 
 •If 
 
 ''"♦ 
 
 they ^w4«ir}|h their eye*, we'r^ itt thciif 
 Stcpheo's life, by Stejii^n of Coailafi* 
 innbpk, iy "iliiEopha^es, br Osdercni^ii^ 'Ihe cx>ninir% 
 toners, reduced to fiiicnce, made theif report to theveni^ 
 Tor, that Stcjprheii mras powerftti iti ar^mcnt, Ind fekl:- 
 kfsjw'death; which, howe^r^ that remorfelefe tyrant 
 'Ordered to be inflidcd, and it vr^ dtoi«, V^ith circortl. 
 iiancAsof barbarity, at which iiumaiiityfhuddcifs.^ J* > 
 4 Th^ 'caftigatof has r^cotirfe to the authority of Richeii ' 
 lithoiyi.be (ialfs a.leiRie^papiR. If there be an locor^ 
 'j^ writer, who through ignorance, or vanity, hazards 
 4^tincomm(mti{^ii§f\^. which error may drag to iipi 
 •fupport^hr is a pnan (^fcience in the cai(tigator*s opiIli(U^ 
 
 ; Ihoughtthe- writer very much doubts if ever he read > 
 Une iti Richei^s works. However the writer beg&leavf. 
 
 ^ afivrre htni that Richer'd opinions tre of no weight \ 
 tJWit iliey htvt ^Q refuted more than onoe, and were 
 by himiJclf three d9sV£ral rimes retra^d . His treatife on 
 cocfefia^EUc^l^ >a)ad politka^ power would have been well 
 ffceivcd in CofMronyaau3;'8 Cpurt, but would have beeq.^ 
 
 ; Kn^theroatifed by tlic uniV^rfityofParis^ whofe doHrine 
 Jliche^^MretdBded to elucidate, if the. Parliament ha^ not^ 
 Interfered^ It was anathematifed by the t:elcbratcd [ ' 
 tardinal do^Perron^ in a Council of eight ki (hops, in 
 
 .^^^lill^^m^^^xM this hiftoBat-^ofthftConndls Richer ' 
 garbled aiid diftorted, in order to give fpmc colour of " 
 tfuth» to hiu new pinions, as all innovators do, > \ 
 
 , ^Chriiiian^ Lupus is a writer of great weight ; (f M^ 
 has undertaken to firove that Theodo/uis ^ed this A& 
 iembly alon^j as the caftigator afifeits« which the wrketf 
 very much doubts, but cannot cqntradid as Lupus'i 
 %orks are not in his hands, it only (hews t^iat Lupus 
 did not read Thtiodoret on the fubjedl, and took for 
 grmM^^lHrtl gjIfflij^ltlMi^QZonieft bad fajd, Mrithbn^ 
 
 
 i^ , i * :fi ■- J ■ 
 
 farther ^lifcuiTiOn. ■) % !^ 
 
 Eufebius iay^^hat Gonfiihtinc 'iltc'<5rcarafRmble<| 
 the Coundlof Nici^i^lll'iiiS iid"^ thai, 
 
 Theudolius aiicmbled the Council of Cgtafl^ntioople^^^ 
 
 , — ♦ 
 
 ft 
 
-.* 
 
 .v?" 
 
 '»•- 
 
 \\. 
 
 - » 
 
 w 
 
 .•\ 
 
 " ^ they do not % tii^J vt|^ #as done w^hwit tiie 
 JEtomaD ^ntiff^s boB&njt. u^ 1|f l^ticpdoret liad hot 
 •^Tcn a copy of tiic Afiatiir prdates letter b X)am^ 
 ^•f 3««:]|]lio\iki not hav^ JknoiKm from, hia hiftory tb|t 
 llieodofius intimated the pope's confeiit, at the (ame 
 ^nac that he ordered |hc :<pi«lates to afferoWu; .'In 
 the &me fenfe i€ ' aay foe . £iid that all general Cou#» 
 dls were iummoned t^ the cnlperora of the times then 
 in being : for without the empqhor's drderft ai|d silSift. 
 «iice no general Coufidl oimIil^i^#|ieinbkd, nor other 
 idismbly formed : it w^ the ftani^Ung taw of the empir«l| 
 yet tojje fcen 4n the civil few, i. ff 4t Gdl. Wiefu tat JU 
 .^i$(^-^onven. But ConA^tine did nc^ pretend td^i^ 
 Jpritnal amhority,^ nor did heat all interfere ifvtht 
 {NTOceediiigSvof the Coundl; olrer which Oiias, fiiKhopdf 
 Cordova, Vitus aKid Vintcentiiis, pricfta of the dty^ 
 Home, as legat^^^w^ ||ii|p6ee, are^ 
 view, p. 176. 1 he C caftigator, whq,ftems to know no- 
 thing of the.mattcr, but whatt he coir|eaf9tes Irom feme 
 jgarbled fragnilents in lllyricus^ i^dvifed toread the 
 liiork which he pretends to refute, in it he will &M truth . 
 Uttefted by aiithentic hiftofy, not unfounded conjcclure, 
 drawn from maoerials, faihioned by arch imfi(^ki<i|T|Nll, 
 nuilead the Unwary. :Vhe members ofchcCoUfidf* if 
 we believe the cafitgator,,a£rert that they were Auniillf*- 
 cd to meet by Confiantine, in theh* letter to the £gypti<} 
 an biihops, p. 64, To thi^ the writer vc^m that fhey 
 might haiveaflerted it wichtnith flind propriety for the 
 reafons already affigned^ but yet thqr did not« Their 
 letter is given by Thcodoreti L* t. Gap. ^ the writer 
 tranfcnbes the pa^ge alluded to, it.is tiatsexprefledf 
 A^ To the holy and funcd Church, by the grace of Qodf 
 ^lechurth of Alexandria, and to our loving brethren in« 
 Jhjhidai^ Egypt, Lybia, »fkte>iSBBtapoli|^ lh#4iiiiop» «^ 
 
 frmbledj^ the ^ly and great CouireiroFNice, fen^ 
 greeting fn our Lord.- Whereas by the grace of God, 
 and the help of. the jnoft holy emperor Cunftantine, tbli 
 great and holy Coancil is afifsmbled from ievcral Pro 
 
 ''■*':'4*^^i'^i' 
 
 ^t-'ii 
 
 vinces 
 
" " -^1*. k'4*''%,M""' '^^ . > • ^r. 
 
 ( . 
 
 viojxs and cities at Nice y.*^ The prcUtcs £iy tli^it 
 was by the affiftance of the emppwr they were affem* 
 bled, and truly ; for; wtthpilt it they could not a^mUe» 
 but they neither intludc hifn&lf nor any of las oflSLccr*^^ 
 the numbcif of the olembers who cooapofed d)^ "^ 
 
 m 
 
 Council That vettcraWc aflcmblc was compcicd e3%| 
 clufively of biihops, fuccefors in office to tlw apoftie^^ 
 and t|je,firft paftors conftitutod. by apoftottcal auth«nty^^ . 
 each to Iced his rcfpeaivc portitm of the oiie great iodl^' 
 entruftcd to Peter's care. It was Hot a motley crew of 
 felf-taught and felf-conftitutcd leaders. Hence they 
 fay: the biJ^Q^s affmhkd itHbeHofy and Great Ceunai tf 
 
 We have already fecn what the Creda tiought of a ; 
 C^m^^cil affembled by an emperor without the coafent 
 ol tiieRom^n pontiff, left the cslftigator fhould think 
 that their fentiments had been changed in the courle of 
 three or feiir centuries, the writer tranfcribcs from 
 fheodwret the anfwcr of Eulo^us, chief prieftof Edefla, 
 with liis comp^Lnions, the priefts and deacons of th^ 
 church, to Modeftus, tbe imperial prefect, about tb^, 
 yckr 371. Valcns, the Ariaa emperor, having banilhed 
 Barfcs, nhe bifliop of Edeffii, ordered the prefed to ar- ' 
 reft the priefts and deacons of the <^rch, anti fend 
 the^ into exUe atfo, if they did not communicate with 
 the Arians. Modeftus, endeavouring to preyaU on them; « 
 to obey the imperial ecjift, fio^*. "it is »» a^ of dcfperate- 
 nudhcfe, that fo few aS you are, (hould rcfift the em- 
 pcror, ^Ivo gc^ems fo many and fuch mighty aadooi : 
 As no, one replied the prcfeft fyoke to Eulogius, the chief a 
 pricftj a man worthy of everbfting praife ? What? 
 Doft thou not anfwer to what I have ia|d to thee ? Ve- 
 rily, replied Eulogius, I did not think it ^ly duty to an* 
 fwer when /I was not alked the <jueftlon. lhavel«> 
 
 =======..=«-4£^^^cdjn^^ 
 
 ^ktid "^ your good. Your fpecch, repRedXuTogius, was addret 
 iedtotis all; 1 did not think it right to prevent my 
 companions, and anfwer alone, but il it be your wilt to 
 
 
 wi 
 
 'k^ « 
 
^•^A- 
 
 2k tr^ any thing, Ilh^ t^ yd® i^mt|:'*ft?^. %J 
 
 tlie j#efca, coimiiufikate with the empetO#. To this 
 
 Ewlogipus pleafatitry rcpRcd : What ? Is my lord the em. 
 
 p^for, Mdes the <ihiprre, become a pHeft ? that is, 
 
 vM the imptfial dignity has he received the priefthood 
 
 alfb ?•" i^at this thcif opittion was tinlverfally believed 
 
 by catholics ^e knrjw, becaufe it %a^ never cenfured j 
 
 . becaufe it was approved and applauded, thebdoret con- 
 
 tmiies ! the prefc<?V apprehended eighty of them, and fent 
 
 them away into Thrace. As they were led into exile 
 
 great honor WaS done them on the Way : cities and townV 
 
 ^e in proceffiort td mtcf them : . . . t. 1v^ C. i6. ' 
 
 -^The writer' begsicave to infert the'pr^ccfUngchaptc^ 
 
 by way Of digremon. In it the reader will ice how 
 
 deeply the then Chriftr^H^ojld was'imm'ci fed in what 
 ar? ndw Called popifh fuperftitionti. ' " ' v; i^v i,^,- 
 
 ; %^ to Barfed, (fi) whofe glory ftill cmtin0M^' 
 iftfidelfi, whichcity he governed, and in the neighbour, 
 ifig dties; but alfo in Phenicia, Egypt and Thcblts, % 
 thfe fame of his virtues hyd been heard in all thefe coufc' 
 tHeS. Vafcns firft affigned him Aradus, an ifland, ter 
 
 #^is dwelling place ; but Wh^h he iinderftood that an im- 
 
 mehfe faUn^ber df people" flcKked about him there, for 
 
 he Was cndtiisd With apoftolical grate, and cured di'feafes 
 
 bf his wofd only, the emperor removed him*thehctf Ip 
 
 Oxyrfneus,''a city in Egypft Again when his feme aj^ 
 
 ttaaed riiuttitudcs he fent him to a caftle called Phenas,' 
 
 fituate in the utmoft boundary of that country, border. 
 
 U)fr on the favage people who dwell *herc. •Thither 
 
 Valens tranfported this aged father, who, Cod knows. 
 
 Was more fit to be a citizen of the kingdom Of heaven. 
 
 it it /aid that His Ikd remdiiu yet in Aradus t9 thit prefent 
 
 ^, awi is greatly^ honored by the people. For many vexed 
 
 imih difeafes after having Iain upon it, are by faith rejiored 
 
 JULikis^rf e abiAhh^-^\^hL,S:^^ of^h efi r 
 
 Fathers whoia the cailigacoi cites, for the CQ^detonatipti 
 of popery 1^-*^" l^^T^'.^' 4;''**^'^*l ^f^fft'/*?"^-^*,';^**;*'^'^?'"*^- » 
 
 From the Council of Nice, ia jic, ijhcaftigaiordef. 
 
 
f^^-J^^ 
 
 
 "^^•if f ' ,v 
 
 .'"• 
 
 V . , 
 
 tends to the Cppn.qi^ of Gonlknce^ iV 14 1 4- ^^ fyf$¥' 
 to inform hi^ readers, of Nova^-Scotia, thit in the inter- 
 medi^tlP (pace of loSgi^ca^s thore were fourteen gejiieral 
 Cpuwcila aflenibled, all compofed of pqpifti' bil^qps, 
 ■who(ea<?ts are yet pn record, fa maay iiu^f<cribing wit- 
 neffes that this popery, which be hates, wa^durlng^jth^t 
 ;fpace of time the religion qPthe Chriftian jprorld. If he 
 had read the. hiftory of the CourfciJ.of Conftance, h^ 
 would have foiAid that Martin V, whq approved t^ 
 dodrinal .decrees oi that Council, Tevcrely cenfurcd the 
 unwarraoted affumpiion offome prelates,' who qualified 
 their private regulations, as the genuine ai^ts.of a general 
 Council. It is rj|ther ftrange that this caftigator ^ould^ 
 feek protection from theCpuncU of Conftance. The 
 reader muft admire the accuracy of hi* hiftbrian j he 
 gives the cxa^ number of barbfi^C<^^Intliicia|la,,^f 
 ftrumpetsandjuggleri, who were prffent at the CpUficfl* 
 With thcfe Tfis author fcems to be well acquainted. He 
 has j^pt told \J\a how many burghers, or anti-burghers 
 were there. Were they clafled with the jugglers pjtfto^-^ 
 defcripts I He laments the tatff of John Hufs^ ^nd Jerome 
 tfPraj^ue, who taught the way to heavei) according to 
 the fcriptures j f<i did Jack Str^fju^ and Wat Tyler^ John 
 Baily George Gordtn^ and many other military diyines, 
 who received from the gratitude of an EngJtlh jury, 
 the reward of their pious Jibours. See the hiftory of 
 John Hu(s and the Council of Conftance, Review^ p. . 
 
 He next attemptfi.t^ elude the authority of EpipTiani: 
 us, who fays that Urlacius, bilhop of Singidon, an4 Al- 
 iens, Wifliop of Murcia, went with fupplicatory] libels to 
 Julius, bilhop '^'f Rome, to give an account of their er- 
 ror and their crimes. _ His ridiculous effort to elude the 
 force of this tellimooy only ttrengt hem it. ^or if it he 
 Jtrue, ag^heja^vp^ 6$, that thcy^haci aheady been ab" 
 
 fojved hy the Coiiocif of Milan, and then went to repeat 
 their recantaliffl||J||fori5, pope Julius, thinking If th«y 
 could obtaitt his., couateUfince it wpuldcfi^cc every %'"- 
 
 .^.„*'^' .:?^-''::"' 'Ir'?';/ ^,/^\-,;. ;^'■-'::''^■.■ . . ."picion 
 
 

 m 
 
 1^^«Kt,^'■^^^ ' 
 
 ^^ ». 
 
 pidwi agaipft them, it Is AfeiAfe^*il^lilf ^g|,t 
 
 ; tjic pope's atfthofity fuperior to that of the Council, 
 
 ^^^Ws^ however, he dodfipt think any acknowledgment 
 
 of fupreinacy. Men who judge by the rules of common 
 
 fenfe think other^ifc j -Athinafius, Theodoret, and 
 
 - Chryfoftom, Greek prdnes of venerable memory, who 
 
 had appealed, from the judgments of Councils to the 
 
 Holy See, thought ib too— See their appeals, J?*OT«rylx, 
 
 p. 197. The Council of 5ffri/rc«, connpofedt>f bifiiops 
 
 Ambled from all partrof ^Iw then Cfariftlin WQrld,ivere 
 
 C^theiame opinion. '1 -'"■'•^ . v-v- ■v^''':-'^v'-''''-;^-l''- '■ s . 
 
 F^^ of their Synodical tetter, 
 
 f^vcn by Theodoret, Li^. ir. Co/>; 8, the readeij will fee 
 ■what was the received doariae of the ChriQian world, 
 <>n the Roman pontiff's fupremacy,* in them early days, 
 whim the apoftlcs inftruaions were y^t fycih in tW 
 memory of their difci pies : "■ - " 
 
 I^^^^T ; \ ■ EXTRACT— '-^ '^1^ ■ ^^; •■' ■ • 
 
 *• The Holy Coundr held at Sardica, through the 
 
 grace of God, by the bifliops of jRoot*?, nf Spain^of France, 
 
 1;, , - of 7/4//, of Camfania\ of Calabria, of Jfrieay of Sardlmay 
 
 of Pannem\ of Myjia, of pacia, of Dardania, of lower 
 
 -Booff, of Macedmo^ of TAefafy, ol Achaia, mi Eplru^, 
 
 ofThraeia, of Rboif^s, oi Jfta, oi Cdt'ta, ciBitbynia^oi 
 
 H^k^t, olPhrygia, ot PiJUh, o^ Cappadocia, 6f Pontm, 
 
 olPbryf^ia the lefs, of ^//«i, of Pampbylia, of Lfdia, 
 
 of thclflandsofthe Cyclades, of Egy^, oi Thebais,oili' 
 
 bia^ o(Gaiatia, of Palefiiney of Arabia^ to all bi£hop$ . . . 
 
 greeting .'..*. . . Eu/gbimyMaris, 1 heodorus, theopuiy Ur- 
 
 Jfciws^ Vahnsy MenapbdntusyZti^ Stephen, have written to 
 
 out fellow in office, JuHufy bifhop of the Chiirch of 7?<?w^, 
 
 againft our fellow bifijops Aihanpftus, Marcettui^ zikd^A/cle- 
 
 ^&<»,r6alfothe bifllopsof the oppofitc party have written 
 
 *to hilbj/both toattcft the jufticc and innocence of our fel- 
 
 i|ow \Mm>.Atbanpfi. u uziiAxa d e tlarethatth s^ 
 
 the Eufebtans contained nothing Jjut falfehood and flan. 
 der, th^'tecuiations are known to the world to be ina' 
 nifcaiy falfc, as wdl bccai|fe - t^icy would njpt appear 
 
 -^^ty- ' : ,.. '; . ■.^■...'::^\ :■•-■■■/ when 
 
ff^x?-i. 
 
 
 
 ■'ii? 
 
 
 :.l' 
 
 /when they were cited by oWmOT^'flW^WwIi* mdfcl- 
 . low hWo^uliuu as by the letters which Julius wrote ; 
 , f<^r they \Vod(d undoubtedly have afipeared, if they had 
 :feeen able to juftify before Jufius the criincs which they 
 'had commit ted againftthde biftiops.** .... 
 
 Here we have the teftimonyi not of an individual, but 
 ■^f the civilized world, that accufations and appeals were 
 brought before the Roman pontiff befote thfi Coutidl of 
 'Sardica was aflembled ; that Gouncil, therefore, only; de- 
 clared iheexiftin^ lawwhcin they faid, Camn y. Let, 5, Gr, 
 **whena bilhop,depofed by a provindalCouncil, fhall have, 
 appealed, and recur to the bifhop of Rome, if he thinks 
 proper that the affair jihould be examined anew, her will 
 write to thebifhops of the neighbouring Province, that 
 ' they may be judges of tlie matter ; and if the |lepof- 
 ed biftiop, engage the bilhopof Rome to fendaprieft 
 from near his peifon, he may do it, andi*end coinmifli- 
 oifters, to judge, by his authority, with the hi {hop:!, b"Ut 
 if he thinks the Bifliops fufficient to terminate the ittat- 
 ti^Ti he will do what his wildom will fuggeft.** 4 ' ■' 
 'f ^This Council of Sardica docs not meet the caftigatorV ' 
 ' ^probation, that is not &rpriftrig : for in their Syiiodi-.. 
 ai Letter, to Pope Julius, they fay: ** it is meet that 
 Bithops fhould bring from all fides, matters to the head 
 trf the church/* that is, to the See of St. Peter, j^ 
 ^^' In the fimplicity of the times it was thought,'that the 
 T*ope wa§ head of the Church, and the Sec of Rome, th^ 
 See of St. Peter. Fleury, who was not remarkably pre- 
 *: judicei;! in favor of the Roman Sec, cites this Icttel:, fi. 
 -xii. 8.3,6. iThough the caftigator may refufe his ap- 
 i^tobatton, the Council has Iseen approved by Theodoret, 
 a Greek writer of venerable memory; by Athanafius, 
 5 "fatriarch of Alexandria, a writer univerfolly admired by 
 tireeks and Latins : he fays, in his fecond Apology, that 
 the Council wasiubfbribcdhy more th a n, three hu ndred 
 BiOiops, fodoes Hi^,'Lill. de Svnodis, Sulpitius, B.'ii 
 Va. ^Ik. fays it waPrGonvocatiolfef the ^hole world. 
 
 •; 
 
 fays 
 
 ^:ijd ^QQlraies SciioUfticus.B. ii. cap. i6,cilfe it a Generii 
 
 .%.■, .;..--.. ■ ....-^ ,..-'. ^> . , Council- 
 
^i* 
 
 ^f 
 
 ■■r 
 
 GoapcU ; in a word, its do^rlnc and difcipKnc had the 
 approbation of the tljen cathoiic world, was difapfovetf 
 by none but profeffedArians'sgftid it has been of fuch 
 venerable authority, that the century writers of Mag^, 
 deburg, of reforming, memory, have defcribed it a^,a 
 lawful Synod, Cent. 4, cap. 9. Evep the caftigator him- 
 jfelf, if he.had read their Synodical Letter, Would have 
 found fome paflages fflorc to his purpofe than many bf 
 ^hcfe garbled quotations, which fwell his pamphlet to an 
 jmnaoderate fize: for thef fay : "the moft holy Em, 
 perdrs have called us fronrj different provinces and cities, 
 and have appointed this holy Councit to meet at Sardi- 
 ^a,**^.,.,.. and they call the Roman pontiff jufiug 
 " their beloved brotl^cr and fellow bifliup" which the 
 csiltigator thinks fiifficient to Ihew that they acknowledg- 
 ed no prtniacy or fupremacy in him. Thus he pietends 
 to flude the argument drawn from the Councils of 
 Eph6fus, and ii. of Nice, Becaufe thefc Councils called 
 the Roman pontiff their fellpw bifliop, he thinks they *^ 
 did not (acknowledge him as their head* By the fame 
 rcafoning he would have found that St. Paul did not ac- ' 
 knowledge the fupremacy of JefusChrift,for he calls I4lii' 
 " Minijier (^ the arcimciftony Rom. xv, 8. and " Apop-^ 
 //f," Heh. iii. i, «^ It is rather unfortunate that the acis* 
 of thcfc Councils are yet in being; and that we are not ^ 
 left to conje^ure their thimghts from garbled anddit 
 tortcd paffagts, or take for genuine the ienfe which im- 
 p<)ilurc affixes to them \ we fee that the Council of Sar- 
 dica, whilft it caHs/ Jujius fellow bifliop, Jays that He ci- 
 ted fo many prelates to juftify their charges againft ^hc 
 patriarch of Alexandria ;• and feverciy ceufiiccs thcokfor 
 
 no ppeanng. . ^ ^ ^art^'^x^V^-'^'T '*^i^"^^-*?' - 
 
 He next has recourfe to his friend Dtipin, who kuqw^, - 
 as the caftigator pretends, that a letter from Atl^alius 
 to the anri-popej 'ciix, #hom^ Athanaffus /at, th^ tjn^i e of 
 
 wntlng thought duly ^c<n^d/isnpt genuine : it has 
 been alreadj.y ^remarked th^t Oupin retracted hisprrorg 
 5ind his impejrtiecnt coiyccl:u| cs. lii^ inipudent ftrickurcs 
 
 
 OB 
 \ 
 

 ^%r^^, 'Ct? 
 
 
 ^erc founded on weighty rcafons, if tbere b^ weight li 
 gold : for whenhe ^ivaS arretted^ on fufpicioA of Carfyitigf 
 on a t^cafonable corrcfpondcnce with a inoft revercftd^ * 
 |>r^late of a Mighfaouririg State, on the ^oth'of Februi*' 
 ry, 17 19, ano'^^ papers cxamined^at ihc Palais Royal, 
 it appeared thatf he was pot guilty of trcafon agjainll thtf : 
 State, for which he would have p>iidf the forfeit' of his life ^/ 
 but againft the Church, of which, Cranmer lik^, hd prcM' 
 ^fl«d himielf a member, arid from 3vhich he;drew air 
 lioiiorable'and comfortable fubliiilence. LaflStitl; l^pp 
 cf Sifteron, who was prefent at the examination of his' 
 papers, gives a catak^e of Errors, littk inferior to Lu-' 
 ther's dreams, which that lurking hypocrite a nfidiouil]r' 
 cndeavouretT^to difletPinate. However, wfil^hftr ofj; 
 ^cnviaion of coofcicricc, or' through fear of lofihg his V 
 aj^ointme&ts, all thefe he retraced and anathematized^' 
 d^ied in the comiouiiion of the church. Peace tohii^. 
 manes. It is not irom hiih that' the caftigator learnecf* : 
 fhat>this p(^ Feliit, whom Athana^us,*^ hearing the^ it%\ 
 regularity of his eleAiori,^called a wolf, is revered by 
 Catholics as a faint and martyr. Felix, ti\e faint anil^ 
 lii^tyr, governed th<^ church from the year 2(^9 t;o 275,' 
 . and fu£^rec|, qndcr the Hcaihefl emperor AiJrelian* 
 Ftiix, Vthe atoti^po^, as^ Flcury calls him, was intruded 
 into the See of Liberiu^ then in "exile, by the artifices 
 of the AriaQ emperor Cqpftantius, in the year 355, ne«^^; 
 a e^ntury after the Tpuartyt's death. This caftigatoV" ^ 
 fpealcs of l^i^^s ^^d bilspes as a blind xnati doej» or co« 
 
 He finds that Athanafius had great reafon; to.acknotV- 
 'ledge the pope's fupremacy, bec^ufe Sozomen and' So- 
 crates ScholatticUs fay. that Julius^ hiftiop of Ronie, had 
 reftored hiiTi to thcScc of Alexandria, p. 71. Haw- 
 ^ Itc tliiitici, they "Were both Ituftakcn, . he ^w^wy^ IWyflf 
 he, rcftorcd Sy the Council of Sardica, manjf years af- 
 ter, ibU, As the i^nisjatuus leads the benighted travel- 
 ier to th^ precipic^^ fo his f^iiit of divinatioii leads this 
 '■ ' ; \ '■■•;'-'-^:' ^':- '- calUgator 
 
m ■.'■'■■■'■ 
 
 :H.v'.- 
 ,- ,•"■ i.---f< -■^.,-'i' 
 
 T 
 
 iftigator tQ'h«6 ruin^./^om his ftate«?^t we have .tlia| . 
 anafius, p»tri»rcn or J ?he f^Cond See, a Greek pi'e- • 
 late, univerfally acknowlecig(C<4 orthodox, ahd Sozo^ 
 men, with^ Socrates ^cholafticus^ Greek lawyers^ s not 
 much prejudiced in favor of the Itbraaft"^ Scei ' a* 
 is manifefl fropi f heir works, belieycd the bllKop of 
 Rome pofleffcd of powers to reinttate a bimop depofe'd 
 by a Council,. before the Council ofSardica was afletn- .^ 
 bled : the right, therefore, of judging on appeals was ^ 
 veiled in the Rouian pontiff before the Council of Sardi- 
 ca declared it. Thus the caftigator refutes himfelf.^ Jih^\ 
 writer begs leave to. vintii^ate Socrates and Sozftif ^ 
 the prefent inflance. For their private conje^a,res^m4 ; 
 opinions h^ h{^ . no refpecl j but. faft^ of pul3lic iii)torie-* 
 ty they muH Save known : when, therefore they faVJ, 
 tijat pope Julius reinftated Athanafius in his See of^i^Ipx- 
 •undxhy they fire to be underftood of his fpiritual autho-^ 
 l"it)r and jUrifti<^ioa over ^hat patriarchal See, and th^*^^ 
 npany epifcopalSeesf^dependaj^t on It. In this tbcy were; 
 no^ miftakcn. ISI^ did not pretend that Julius, ^-cin* 
 itated hipa in p^ffefj|on of thecathedral of Alexafldria,^i 
 Of ihetcrop^ralities bcloi^ging to it : the Arian emperor; 
 Conftautius would not pernait fiifq. . To thisfirfteriw/ 
 the ^affigator adds ;a fe<;ohd : The "Council of Safdica • 
 djid not, as he pretends, jteftore Athanafius to. the pofleflitj 
 c)n qf hi^^See m Alexancfria. Th^ Courijtil had no more 
 jurifdi<5iio» over the city of Alexjjydm than the P«p^^ 
 They declared AdS^nafiusinii<%fflMlHiCcnmesi\B(^1t!o 
 iyhkh he was charged by tfie Art^jj^PHI^htful'BnD^]^ 
 of that patriarchal Sec, as the pope liad d6n%bc;fo>W^ 
 Fbr the pofTeffion of his See, Athanafius was not indebted 
 S!tp th^ Pope or the Council, but' to the protc^ion of f 
 Einperor of the Wefl, and the fea^ of Cbn-i 
 hisZWother in tfie Eafl. Theodoret fays, Lib*^ ;* 
 apfcj^ wS afte r the' Coupcil of Sardica, Cp nltang * 
 fent a menacing le Iter by two of the bSfiop^ in coaipa* -' 
 ny with Genera! Salionu^, tq, his brother, defiri^ig 
 **,thathe would, fend Athanafius" Home to his |[ock:".y 
 
 m 
 
K*l 
 
 
 ■•* 
 
 in corfcquctice, Coll^^iSfwrQte * ^"^fewin^ fcttcr 
 . to that prelate •• « / 
 
 ^ CotilSintii^, ifi^'^saij^ ctopcror,^^^ Athanafius, 
 
 i^^liougK we informiSi'^oii by a former letter that 
 "^ou might copie to mr Court with ftiU a)nfi<fc»cc»jg 
 It wa8<rtirpleafi^; fo W you home to yottr te, we 
 
 vc, riotN»?itliflSi*(g, dircacd this t(*tter aMb to your 
 ,jverene^, vl^iHIrtt' ypu to take a pubrw CSitri^^c and' 
 come hitlielr tcuusha^^^ dfttfuft, to 
 
 the end tha you 'may enjoy what you deiire, ikid. 
 
 ' if Athanafiui liact "Scctt i^t&pSHffing Wflw of the 
 m^der^i fehottV he had greit re^fons t6aJcnoWledge« » 
 not the popc^s fuprcmaey, ai the ciftigator pretcnid?, but 
 tKe emperor's : fot frbtatlic pope, who nciftcr pbffef- 
 fc<l ni>r claimed a|y tctnjiiiia^ittrifaididfa^vcv^e^ in Rome, 
 'he couid not «ped tb be rcinftated in h^V cathedral qf 
 |cxa>idrla;that wasdcpendant oqthfcmperor's snandift* 
 Tbu3 ' the caftigator, making a difplay ^f eruditionf, 
 iSfe#ith ^^me ffcraps oi garbled hiftoryV trahfcribcd|^Qiq(l'- 
 Ulyrictts, iftjudicioufly infofms.hls adttiiircrs, that^in pri* 
 mitive timfcs Chriftian churches were governed by bi. 
 fliopsiii regular fucc^ffion. Is that Ji OirilUan chur<' 
 ^j in which there is ncUhet brftwp, nor fucccffio^df* 
 ^>^^ftcfps ? jif^%hat does it refemblc the churches ii itife 
 ^^ Eur6pe>v(punded' and gdverucd by the apoft tar and 
 ^^^f igpie^atc^ 
 
 lnde|ieMant;6n dUcuflicin; tliuit'if^^ ta^t^riftiani: 
 
 |,ty in its parity, the cafttgator do^s npt That h%hty 
 
 poliOied chuiih, of which he profefles hitttfelf a minWcr, 
 
 . %y reformliig rdfbgpation^has reformed chrift^AitjjIo a 
 
 % fiidn-entity. 
 
 TTDiii ihs faai alrcatiy^uSflM^uinCUiic, 
 
 strtjith in man, wc learn that id Wfearlytime^ Chriftian 
 
 ^princes ncithtr cxercilcd il»r claiined, neiiher^ofleflff^^ 
 
 wMr were thought fo polTefa^ apy fpiHta3''^i»«^^^o*», ^r 
 
 " ' /. P ' aulhorUy 
 
 *N« 
 
v 
 
 r 
 
 - ^ 
 
 -t , 
 
 amhotity whatf«jrtrer ; that tTie. hprcme f^rTtbal s«ith6. 
 
 «fy;j« »n.^rjiily, bdieved to reCde in the Roman 
 
 >>nt.ff, Pete's fuccea,r, that be neither exerdfed nor 
 
 ,; '2-'^ ""i^" poireffed,n6r«wa5 thought to poiTe^' 
 
 |afly«vto,h6r.ty or te«,poral juriaiaion^feliatever. ' 
 
 ' r^*^"^" ""f* "'^'" ♦''* caftigator's figacity : t" 
 
 afaftfimply and truly flated he deteasproofe of //.>„.> 
 
 ^^M ^onm,. The writer, in W reniarfc, on, 
 
 ?-^^i°^' ' '=»"""»*i°n. h»d faid that the RotnaJi^' 
 pont^Vlaor,,n the year .<,a. J,ad threatened to ex? 
 co^rininicat* feme Afiatics, for* telebratirg the feftiviif : 
 of EaOer on the Mtb-day of the March moon. The fa* ■ 
 
 l't« ,f' l!'a ""' '. •" '^"' » '""8 P'^Sf from So*; ' 
 cratps.the hiftonan, in which it i. exprrfdy ftirf, tJii* ' 
 
 ViSor did fend ap excptntaunication libelagainft them , 
 bu^t^he difcoyers the- writer'slgnorance'in trying to per- ' 
 iuade hUrea^^rt Hiat to celebrate thefeftiVal of ^ller^*: 
 
 the ,4t^day oftheMarch moofi. iirhateverday ith.p? 
 pened was ap ^novation in religion, jf the Writer had'' 
 
 \ ""«<^«:»'°. Worinfaith.or.jnooyation ii, religibn,.!' 
 . n,an of lefe fagacity.lftm thf cai^igalor would t,ve qua' - 
 ^ Med >f art)^<;e or impofiure, the latent ignora^e would , 
 ^ ^t ,h.. notice, .With equal rSgacity, he ha, 
 - riKcpyefed that this wntef i< net better infortaed atibue 
 rhenyure of «Ecommt<o»«atic)n, »» it was frequently " 
 ulo|,,m jOTtnitive ageJ, ^)., yjjt » fating iJrhich tf'e 
 wtitev had w ^ifculfed at all. Jf ti»e cafiigator m dit l 
 cat?!, that Jyintr^irit of divination, which <iecci?es him " 
 fo mvariaWy. te wiU find, .that inlhe fl.tMj.rft there I, ': 
 neither ignorSfic*,' artifice nor ,'impofiur«.- ^tt dl»ncif 
 ■°':^'"V!''*' ^Sn'MWe affembly o/catbolic bidiops, ef 
 tried faith, unfcaken by the tempeft of p«rfecittion. a/ ' 
 S'l"''. '^,9« the Jaft edbrt. of the power* «f darkneii " 
 wereineffeaua!, condemned that ufage, not a!i a» error 
 . 'nik ili >^4n n nvati . - i n i n wligiw, but »» wi e tf uueuiii 
 . ana unwarranted deviation from general difeipUnei 
 » and what.^ caftigator, with modefty furbtffiog hij ~ 
 bgacity. C'JH fi, .-^ej^^SVi^ r/f?,,..«tM,,o^, V| ij^jjHncip^^ 
 
 #*•: 
 
 X .caufi» 
 
 L :%'J 
 
■I '■ .115- 
 
 r-tC 
 
 n't 
 
 »-•'. 
 
 ^*^ 
 
 ' eaufes of afifembling that great Cpiiiicil. The prelate^: hl^ 
 their is vnodical Letter fay :*** as tapur confent for the 
 <;cl^bratlon of themoft holy femval ofXaftcr, jwir^giire 
 ypu to underftand* that the^coiturbrer^y>a^red p^ t^^ 
 
 ; wbje£b, was, through "your/ ^iHjdfwaypw, well ifid 
 
 'difcrcctly fettled, fp that al} tJie ibretireh| who dwcU In 
 the Eaft, and ia ^ipcs jpaft, folk) wed t^pbfe^ya^on^^^^^^ 
 the Jewj in keeping the fea^ of jafter, aire pow deter- 
 mined in future, to follow the Kmmnf* who alwaytfrfm 
 ihi beginning have kept it a^ we hav§ done>** Thto. Bp.i, 
 C^. In the iieattchapl;cr, the l^iftorign gives thclettjer 
 
 ' pf Conftantin<; the (ireat, to the ^ bi^ppsio bis c;npi|re, 
 who w^r^ not prefent at ^hp Cpi^i^dl. As wany^-qi^t^rs 
 liave not a fajnuiar fpirjyt to confuit, and fqw/iin^eifcHad 
 
 ' the language of s^Gjfcd^ hiftorian^ the \Yrite.r begs Jcavc 
 
 y^o ' giv$ Ifeti |»riuce's letter in plain jEngljCb ; In it ^is 
 reader will fcie how dee(4/ immerfed in the popiHi fuper- 
 
 ! jHt^ons of 'qblerving tk »o;|/«j/5fj/ riUs of ,icafts apd 
 fafts, the whple Chriftian world was in tiicdaya,gf that ,* 
 IwttMdgre^^ of Chnftian ^mporpjia i ^ : j , , *. s; 
 
 ^ Cpijilaptinc En)peror> to t^ic churches greoti^g :. M 
 XAThereas the flouri(hing and prbiperpus flateefthe 
 cotnipon i^^calth,4? tP us, mapifcft^i;oof of thcfpecjal 
 grace a,nd favour of dpd, it has been always our^iief 
 care to h»ve t^ fdih^ unfeigned chajcity, and general 
 agreement 1% rcUgton afad worlhip of Gpd prefcrvcd 
 ampngft all pcopjc of the Catholic chmch j but as this 
 cg^^iiot be wclf ?iccoitjpU(hcd, uijkli alUhe bllbops, 
 ^r^ilpj n»*iorjty of them were alTemblcd^ tl^at each 
 might fcvcrally give his jyfJgmcnt in the cauC:s of reli- 
 ' gif^n, hence after as opany as poffibly mi^^ were rihct 
 together, I rayfelfj ^s one of your number^ *«i8 prclent 
 alfo, for I did not refufc to unite myfcif wi^h you In 
 
 fp.r v ^cc -T-Qf^ which- T ' a m ^ * '^«^ « * * M iTnrlv trliH t 
 
 ^very qu^ftion wasexaaiy difcufTed, until fuch%tfac« 
 
 j.w«4?ronoun<^d, as. God, the beholder of all th^^.t>y 
 
 ^ItJ^r?^." '^^^'^^^^O* ^'^ l^^i^^di* wa^pleafcd topcrmit'i 
 
 ' .' * * ** ■* . • _ *) ''^ .• ■ ./\ " 
 
 «t 
 
 iO 
 

 7J 
 
 %t€ 
 
 't:. 
 
 fo tliifliQl^flg "was left whicK concern! iffi^ccmeiit pf 
 ' uni^ CM- conW«^^ . \ ,\ . ^ .' 
 
 ■^hen tlie (}i!iie6l^ coricerping t^ mbft 
 
 _ kt\Y fcaft of Eaftci^i^it wiw agreed by common confeot 
 pint all Ch MiuM jdlaiild obferv^^ it on the fatne da v. 
 %r Wlut'%' i^orp i^udaWe 0r bioiioraHe tjfian thatlui 
 .^ f(^fi, by whkJk'^liw^E^i^^ life is offered ^o 
 
 ' lis, fhould be obferyed li^ all in the fame manner ? JU 
 feemed iha^eful and cRi^noraWe to us to follow tie 
 43^6W of tP Jews iril^ wb^» 
 
 *\Wr tliat greal andho^flbie crime of fhcdding bur Saifi« 
 V our's blood,arejuftly' blinded with error and ignpranee} 
 #e arc 1^ friec to riy their cuftom, and to tranf- 
 mit t6 pSftcmy a mpt'e true nnanncr oif obrcrving. th6 
 fcaft tuhicb'we have retained fr^itn tht iC^y^ofour S^tljiifr^t 
 faff^on fo ibis fr^entfime^ therefore, let us ha|r^^|i# fel. 
 lowfliip nor communion with tlic accurfed JcW»/ Our 
 SaViour has taught us to wal)c in a different pa^h' from 
 theirs, and that courfe which is ^urfucd by the profcf- 
 fors of our religion is both lawful and becoming. Let 
 us therefore all unite and unanimoufly adhere to it, moft 
 venerable brethren, and feparate ourfclves from the de- 
 tcflaWe opiniou ()f the Jews. It is abfurdthat they 
 ihcyuld boaft that without the help of their religion. Aye 
 cannot rightly obferve this fefii vat. How can they believe 
 Siny thing I'ightly, who, hiving flain our Lord, arc fal- 
 ^lep into a kind of phrenzy, are not guided by reafon, 
 b^t hurried by violent ^aflSon tirhcrcirer their natural 
 madnefs drfVel them ; hence it is that on this fubjccl 
 they cannot C0lT6ei^^c thetruth^ They have ftraycd fo 
 far, that inftcad cf corrcfting former errors, they now 
 celebi'ate the feaftofEailer twice a yean Whatreafon 
 is there to induc^niio imitate men who^i we fee enga< 
 gcd in (uch gro6 it>3%amfcft errors ? V^ecaniiot per- 
 mit that the fatne feaft niiay be folcmniiied twice in the 
 
 if'n^ 
 
 ign I \T0. 
 
 thefc ihin^To 
 
 yet Ijl kl tnciuQibent on ydur wifdom diligently to pray 
 to 6III tt^ j^ W^ not iu^wr y^pir^ and well 
 
 • ineahing 
 
 k t 
 
 
 
 nf. 
 
iuch niaIiciQ«^:incn. J ^^j, ' . \ ^ r 
 
 : ^Morcoi«?r,yW may eafily?crccii?c>Qw great an enor- i 
 Mty ic is rtjat any diObntioo IhGuld Aibfift amongft «i 
 in fogreaVandfolemn a lemvalqf our religion, >r wr 
 •^S^ii^wtr baspven us f^i#?f^€/ ^ of our iU)crty, that 
 is, thcday of his ino^liply paOion, and his will is that 
 there b<^ but d^^ CaMic Church the members of which, 
 thougli difperfed in clivers placel3, arc united in on<? fi>i- 
 fit,that is, in the will an^pleafureofGod. Let your 
 Vittom therefore dUi^ntly confider h ^^ lamentable 
 and ihameful a thing it is, that\>n the fame day toe 
 fliouia give thcmfelves to /^^in^, and others to tcalt- 
 ing, and ;^ain when the Eafter is ov^rjomc flio^ld 
 indulge themfelyes with amuferaents,, whilft others afflict 
 thcmielvcs mih/afiing and abjimce* This matter re- , 
 quired correaion, and the lame order obfcrvcd m all ., 
 places, for (uch is the good will of Diviiie Providence. a9 
 k w# Itno^wn to you aU, and as it was our bufinefe t^ 
 lettrthis queftioo, fo that we have nothing to do v«ath 
 the cUftom of the Jews, who were acceflary to the dcjth 
 ' of their Lord and Maaer, and alfo to continue that 
 laudable and decent cuftom, which all thcchurches m 
 the w^rid obfcrve. whether inlhe Weft, or the South, 
 or the North, and feveral aUb in the Eaft obferyc it, and 
 thus it has been decreed with the unanimous confent of 
 us all. I haire alfo engaged for you that you will eaffly 
 confent to, an4iQyfully approycj^atever ^ uniformly 
 praaifcd in the city of Rome, mitaij.m all Africa, in 
 ESJPU in S^i/it,1ii Fr/j»^ and iBritc^ny, in Lybia and p ^ 
 Gwtfr, in the jurifdiaion of y> and Pontm ^ndM 
 Cilkta ; that you wiU carefully confider that In »» th» 
 places there are a greater number of churches, and that ^.^ 
 tbeir manner, ratified by common confent^ is «ioft agree- 
 able to reafon. and mpi^s rcn^Otc^ i^t^ro ;hc falfe opinions 
 
 of the p e ij ufcd Jews.- . . t n 
 
 to conclude, it was unamimoufly agreed that the mott 
 ib»u.f^ft^g^/p.> . ftiowld be alwayscclcbratcd on the fame 
 
 ™'3^:f^iM,pfr^ "^^^ •• '"^-' day; 
 
 ,i-<t',t'^-' ^*, 
 
 
 ,i« V %. ii* 
 
ir> 
 
 fl'><l''»«'on: to folJowthBopinion^in which thertunoiK 
 r Th «• ' T n**^/ fi*. V highly ccmmendable, 
 
 fmbwc* tW ^ecr« wrth wilUog mtad,; as 4;^«a/ ©A 
 
 ptbtwUhfCdhmfilf, wherefore, after you have^lS 
 formed our beloved brethren of fuch things » are C 
 ■ ^"*^. '" *» Counal, of ,he doarine hire ,ftablift^f 
 a^nd the manner of obfcrvjng tho.holy fcaft of Eafltt^ ' 
 I?" r^'"', fi-^ft ^'PF'-ove ft yourfclves. and thfji take,«r^ 
 
 II W w^r"!?'' ^ '^^ V> that good ftafc. whicbl 
 jTJZ^ dcfired, that you aqd Imayoetebrate tha 
 Mredfift^alon the fame day ; a,Kl that Imay rejoice for 
 );our fake,,as I certainly will when 1 h*af th^t, by you* 
 p.ou^endeavour,aod the grace of.^od. the tyranny 6f 
 the DevU „ mterfy fuppreiTed j and buf faith, /unity an^ 
 pe»ce eftabli«.ed.) dotV flourilh aM 'eiicreafe i7 the ' 
 h«I h 'A- ^"^ ^°"' '^'' dearbNllreh, in pfojj^ero^s 
 
 I^fs y that coptfo^erfies- on rcr.gious A.6jeas i^ de- 
 cded by the authority of Councils comp<ifed e«lufiyely 
 
 'aJ^V i" "'*''■ '^'"fi"" i» final arid infallible vn- 
 
 d^r thedireaiop of God himfelf 5, -hat the feaft If 
 
 -«cr, that n.^,^^rUe, was fo,e*„'i,lHy5 triftT 
 
 an. from the very Brft eftablifl,ment ofchriftianity j thit 
 
 K was preceded by faftins a.d abftinence. i« ,«LS 
 
 irt^ Ine caBigator. in,hUo^„ 6plhioB, better in- 
 
 Jpftied than the ert,pfcroi-, ^rid alt .he prelates of his oto- 
 
 fcdar dly, ^,d ito foundatfon either in fcriptur^ «r 
 .poftohcaltradition4 7, , he therefore »dmL. cot! 
 trary ,p h,s prmcpks. ttiaf apoftolicl tradition would 
 .P^vc Ul,lii.cxiiily auihof'^-^ -i' - - . 
 
 iiot other rites alfo i So 
 r''';1')fj>£j«tit0§.byjhei' 
 
 ^miimfftifitfityiii. "WW 
 
 Mefcoftmdar.JfiftVwifKoot 
 
 ^jj- 
 
 tha 
 
 r 
 
 \'kl'> 
 
"9 
 
 ** 
 
 e aflittant 
 
 
 _ ice of Sdcrates^ Demon, or the CaIl^ator*3 
 
 fanaUlar fpirit, thiiU( that the c^ebration of ^er hai 
 f^Uic foundation in' rcripture. It is prefumed that cvcr^f 
 ^'rcsider knows this great M»^ of Eaftcr to be folemnized 
 in commemoration of tl^prefiirrcaion of Jcfos Chrift, 
 f hich is kiBown from the (criptures to havc^ |iappenect| - 
 % the fir^ day ofjthe week, whiddW call Sunday. St. 
 John, %s, a^ix, 31 : '* the Jews, therefore, left the i)odics 
 fliould remain on the croft on the Sabbath Saturday) as: 
 ii was theday of preparation C*^epeiparaisuimi**J andv 
 that was the grcak day of thciabbath, aikcd Pilate that" 
 their legs mij^i be broken, and they taken ofF," Chria 
 therefore fuffercd on Friday, the eve of Saturday, an^d 
 St. Paul,, ift C^r. XV, 3, 4, faya : •* that he rojfe from 
 the dead on the ^hird day,** wiikh is of alf neceffity Sun- 
 <Jay. Ttiri^iir evangelifis fiy that the women came to 
 the fepukAre very early oathetunft day of the week. 
 H^^Mihcn rifcn, the prc(4if jtime is dot marloed, nor 
 » iPlpW r)i[l^ of Eaftcr on Sun- 
 
 day has, therefore, fome foup^ation in Icriptorc. 
 
 'fhe Jews, as ordered, ?ui. pf Exqdiis, facrificed the 
 Wrchal Lamb on the evening of the , 14^, day of the !«- 
 narmpnih Abib, orJJ^i^n, ai ft was called, after the 
 captivity ; ott t;hat day the Saviour having ftriaiy comi 
 plied with tj^e r^j^, ordinance, . inftitutcd .the Vfene- 
 rable iacriace offllpew law, of which all the facriHccs 
 of the Qld^law^ thep aboUfliod. Wpre figuratiire, and the 
 4ayfoaowiDgwa|i hinafctf offi:red in Ikrifice on the 
 crofiu . WcJcarn irom the Council of C^Bfarel aflem- 
 bled in tiie year '19^ of our ^Bra, at which preildcci 
 Theophilusi bifliop of that city, and Nardffus, biOiopof 
 Jerufalem, tjiatitjl^ ijth of the month Nifan fell thatycaf 
 on Friday the a3d of MaTch,; Chrift, therefore, rofc from 
 the (dead on Mondiy the a5th of the iame month. Doc« 
 
 :«*>. 
 
 ^hrctft 
 
 Igttorrthnifc thedsBrtruRT^ 
 
 TeluiT 
 
 Chrift, fa^ of ful&cient importance r^ engage the at^ 
 vt6ntion of his immediate difciples ? Do«^|gMnagtnc that 
 »n little more than a century thcic fads werl effaced from 
 
 w 
 
 
 .+■ * 
 
 ,^.♦,'1!** 
 
 the 
 
rm ^T' 
 
 Ad^ '-\ 
 
 of ^the -pipopfe of jPaleftinte^ 1 
 inifalem Ji^d fo fo(>n forg^ten' 
 
 man wfiQ bclwiyc^ him^, mtijM>i*&edtiIour 
 
 m 
 
 i^ 
 
 the mo||pt 
 church I 
 Jbielicves ^ 
 
 indci^r j^^ diftanc9 of jMfc. ccnt\n-ics16r€ yet re*^ 
 member Aat the reforming|«pi|di LTithi^^^bpi'|> fi|i 
 the lotji ^if^fJovember, 1483 ; ,^»t after^Wo ye4tip^^ 
 |^U6 inftrn^pDs, helnade the cj^rminj^^^ft Boree^^k^^^^^^ 
 affiftaiit m the reforming trade, oW, the^ rth of Ji^tie^^, 
 i;525 J that fee ceafed from hU apo0>5{Sftf fibo\irt a&in 
 patrimonial cares on thci i8th of febrttary, r54§. 
 fl« j?raycr penned by hitnietf, in oneW his jyious ^^i,'h 
 yet extant in the original i^^nufcript, it is the quitit- 
 eflcnceof hJB nc^^ modelled^i^l. For the edification 
 of his admiring 'difci|ile$,. ^c writer jnfcrts it/ *• My • 
 God throug%^ your ^oo4nre$ provide iis with clothes, 
 ^With hats, #th riding cciats and cloaks^', with good fat 
 calves with lids, with bd:f and muttort,^ with many 
 Wives lai^ few children, to drink well and eat welt is this *. 
 tmeway topa& thrmigb Tifc without irkfomencfs." Re- 
 verend Chr^iftian J^iiker^ Vfe^alous Luth^rah mcn^bcr pf»f' 
 the Royal Society ofBerlinj and To^rorAltenbf/urgj; 
 in his life of Luther/ p, a i^, admits this prayer to Havb ^ 
 been penned^y that Rcforhier ? Does this caftij^atoir thihfc* ■ 
 thcfc faifts Of greater confequence t<> hiar. reformed bfe- ' 
 thren than thcf birth, death and rcfurre^ion, of JeJus ' 
 Chrift to his diCciples '? If hot, the prelates aflemblecl at 
 Caefarca, in Palefiinc, mighi: have knp^n the day 'of the 
 month on which the Saviour fufreredwit}K3Ut conliilti'ng 
 an aflronomcr j^ ttj d^ny it i^ ft retching reformed modefly . 
 
 It appears from thetr Synodical Letter that th^fe pre- ' 
 latcs thought it ^n. errpgtb celebrate the Eafter on the 
 fourteenth day of the moon, as fome A(tatics did at that 
 lime. After declaring that the feftival ou^hi to be ib* 
 I cmnijfed m ^^dny, jhey; Ay ; ** otfpies of thi< ^fc^ ' 
 arcTcBtlo all churches,ncft the fault of thplcr^ho rafh- 
 Jy engage in error, be imputed . to us. WeWilh you / 
 alfo to know that the church of Alexandria celebrate^ the ' 
 feiiiVal the fame day with u$.*^ - 
 
 tit 4., W- i 
 
 *,»■ ■ '-.^' ' A 
 
vr:-->. -„^,M ..:' 
 
 '-^^"wmn^ ik»mi W^misk »m^iik pOm 
 
 rr^inetis prefidedV i»ot]^iE^ tbittpdM at the ptd^ti^ '^' 
 of Oifonti and M 2i^^t eoilntriel, jic %r|iic|l lto» 
 chytes, hi^op of Cot« p^dided, iXi nxuoAmoditjt d# . 
 cided,dti s^flfoKcia tr^tioti, tftat the Ea^ar bfeipi ^! 
 be ceiebrjkM oh Sahday-^^Se^ Eiif. B. |; Ca^. ^t. || 
 iw(^,aHthe atui^chdi itt the tAdR^anl W6iid,1flm 
 elEce^l the^ 6f Afiii intet', and ib«Me ifil«r Oth^, W ^ 
 llsthnifeed the leAliral oh t^e llnie d^y^ ifiitl ebfttintie^ 
 the faft of the tent nM Suikdaiy. 'riiele liimfe^tal fM^ 
 Weiinlverfa^nf obferved hy^i itttm^dlltie dflci^l^ii aiif 
 i£acdeflbt« of the apc^leSlb Vif^lKtfae di%atd^ |ierti&t iiif 
 ehHfkktvi to belike 4^at ^^ tfi^ik» t(rh6 h^d eyes ahtt 
 ears a? we ha^e, knew the rites eftabliihed andt pt^i^fejf 
 ' by the «FK)fl^ themiblves ? Olr^^ he ^itbw uS t6 lilthk 
 tihftt th» rite, fo tiniverfally dbferved, aiid cdnildeir£4 ^ 
 ^ Ifinch itlfportinde Iti reBgloti, had fotne oth^r ifott^d^^ 
 tkm bcfid^s win ivdr/hip, afe he Ml it ? Was il khe |k)|i| 
 who intj^odxiced, and tmpdled Qn the t^hrffii^h.i^orld 
 t^is*#otre th^n nwifenfital rm, the M ti the L^lflt, ihor^' 
 hate^ t« inodern e^^dite^ t^ati the pope htiihfttf > \t 
 lb, the papa) authority ^ univei^tt^ obeyed \ to adn^. 
 this propOfitbn is ruinous to adt anti-^^l l|^^l ^^, v 
 U^Ottv t^deny it i^ not le&rainot(s to iQOder^ reforiiii.' 
 liOfi/ For if tfei6 lift of the Leifit and the l*ofemnity pf 
 Eafter have not beett tftHttutedby FopeSf ot Councils, »i 
 they moft certainty were udt,*^rtce they wer-e univerlklly 
 Dbfer^ed, they itiUft huve b^eti inftituted by the apofiles 
 Aeittftlves, according to ^t, Au(^in*3 rirle "all rites 
 which are Univerfelly obferVed ift the ehurth, ind are not 
 found infUtuted in any Coundi of the church, mlift dc-, 
 fiwndfrom apoftditadtradidDA, ^pis. 'tiS,'lUiJ^aptiarium, 
 St. Auftin thought that no other authority would be usi- 
 
 JBieca^aror» f etter informed than 
 
 Auftiit, does not And the obligation of faiftlbg ihe.lAni, 
 or celebrating the Eafter, ekpre&ly enjoined in the fcrip- 
 tufw, and wifely* conclu^JhaeijoCbch obfcrvanee wa?/ 
 
 ^i^TU^^mq '-■ •. Ii^- v'-. , — ^ -"Inaitutcd 
 

 
 l|»mtu^ by t&c apdUl^^ *aii^8J«p (p^m^Spetk 
 qps ofthe ncwpft^modclled ipod^i^yi th^t ^e writer ii 
 W/urjvifcdto>«|r anknorairt i^ at the difta^cc^ 
 ^&t«cn or fevcntccn <:enmrics, |>reterKl toknow tht 
 dprmc UUj^t by thcapoft^l^nd the rite*' cere./ 
 monies autliotifed hy their ex^iPe, better than thevpr©* 
 ,^ w^o imuicdiaiidy fucceeded them in the car« of the 
 W<*?s Which %yiFo«ndcd and^rovcmcd. Ojf thctwclyc 
 apoftles font to inftrud^ the world feyen peycr wrote a 
 line, tlut we know. Does the C5tfligator|)tetend that 
 Wc roci^ taught nothing? -Or.ihat. t|« chwPtlmi 
 funded by them did not know the. rites. 4nd, ccrc|n# 
 IJics, xvhich they thcoifelyei obferved ? fheir exajmple, 
 ^Y*^^**^"^:*^/ ^«5|cn|jfrcccp^ was ak^rfi^hm iuf^k^ 
 
 «c quotes from Socrates> as if frpiin an aathentic hit 
 ^rian.alopg paffa|rc, in which that writer fays j tht| 
 ditfcaft <^ Mer,aiid other feftival* were not impofc4! 
 W^ pW OK^nftitttted by the apottle?. AcriusVai^. 
 ¥w>rfty,l5 9f cqiial force on the fubjea : Soctates^ a Uyp 
 »»a9, ignocani of ceclcfiaftical difcipTincv M adopted 
 ^c errors pf that reforming monk of ihc foprth ncm^: 
 ?• 7 '^'.^^R^^Hn \^M bifliop, Euftathiij^i of 
 Con|lw?noi^, /^nficmncd ;^t 4J|C cercmonicsi^gi 
 jhurc^, particularly the celebration of fcftivals, b^||> ». 
 % ihcfe great folcitinitic?,^ t|^ bi(h^^^ whoi^ he ' fia||^, 
 IPpcared U A iQQnfp^upus manner at the head of ^If 
 dcrgy and the people-^ee £piphamu4, Her. 74r fcil 
 not furpriCng that Socratci, who adofited the frroTf 
 fliould aueiJjpt tM MiJ^^^fe, ..Scli^o^rcftrainti wcn^ 
 m more pMng to^thiyt fcpfcurean coiirtict than they 
 t^^J^ Jdmirers Q?! Wcfcnt da|Ui |Ji,m^vcr|,,pt 
 learn from him that thf; ^e|^val of Eafter was mivpmw 
 ^y<;d, ^nd pre<x:dea>i;^thefaft of th« |^^,g^|^^ 
 ^atth^hurchcs in/A;fiaminoi^ did c clf^mmi 
 K^r^W^:^uTt^Wt^^ ihclunaF month 
 
 N^ a? Socwtcs iays, if Jtrue,. and though a^ deviation " 
 ^N^JF^^,^Uq)^iide,it was tolcraxcd by Viaor's 
 iiWtt"/? o prcdcccffortj 
 
 ' ?•!».(! 
 
 s,^ 
 
>- -v. 
 
 '■/. '■ , 
 
 w — * 
 
 #ffiier chiiri*Jies, ifi 
 the Snftiiayj? wkh 
 biflKjp pf Ephcfos, fe 
 
 * 
 
 fCuoWr f oot trncn omTnis iiiUuiciuUjr euueivuuieii 
 » intrddut^ Jhcfeifm, founding a ptetcfice on the Cic^tti 
 d^nceoftfie CHtiiVlan femvalin Afia,:.with the Jew!i^ 
 jfMbvcf, V!c^r thbttg^^ncqeffaify td corrca that n- 
 
 l^tr in that dHiria:^ wfth tl^* 
 ;ll the ficftWal' wt» dbftriTikl 
 vi^^ fc« direacd P6ly<Jirat 
 
 file prelates, knovi^iiig thai; the ctiftom. 6f Celcbra^ 
 ieftivalon the 14th diiy< as obfcrved fti their <*hiiith 
 had b«;rt tofcratcd by Viaor^ predeceflbrs, pcrfiftcd ^ 
 ft. Y^or finding perCiafidns ihcffbattat; thi:eat|5ned JT 
 }fll«siih^cxc6inmunic!^tion, Euf; E. 5, C ^4; " ^ 
 ' Enfebius,<in wHofe authority Socrattt ^mstoha 
 ^ opinion, fays that Viaoi* did aa:ua|ly extomniunS 
 the Afiatks; Thjis fevcritx did not incet the approbation 
 if dtherprfelft^es* who, thongh j:ii^y thcnifelves celcbrateiS 
 iH<j Eafter on the fame day with the Roman Churth; did 
 ^ot tiiink thcdtverfity in the Afiaiic manner, a fofficient 
 xcafbntojuftify % harlh a fcntencc. St^ Irenfens co^ 
 plainede dF iir in' hfr letter to Viftor : V the |rieft^'* i^^ 
 he, " bdRjr© Si^^ho govctncd thcchufchin^hict 
 you this day prcfide, that itj %nilcctU8, Pitis^i Hygin*^, 
 Telefphd#i|i, and Siitn* di4 'm^ bbferve th'cfeftival iii 
 that tnamitr (that is oUthi^'isr^ttiday of the lun^ m6nt| 
 ^Ikn> tiox did they permit thoft» who wer#^ ^'ithf tSieit 
 <b obier^^t ittthat maami^f bnr ^ P*^^^ 
 
 with; tholTe who did . . V /i. ini qrfe was ever exalted tW- 
 chUrcK foir^ tiat cuflt»m/^*^In the &mc letter he fay jg, 
 that th6\%^, '%^: ^nti# Anidetu$ could n6t prevail b^ 
 Polycarp to change that cuftom,hedid not threaten to Gcn- 
 furehim ; he alfoobferves : that there was a$ great a divcrfity 
 in obfervingthe faft fn the holy week, as there Was in the 
 celebration o* the feftlv^l, fome faftiiig three whole dj^f 
 
 hours, and others but one day ; "this diveffity,'' fays 
 he» *» hai^il^omtnenced jn our time, but a bng time 
 ^SOi Wtfi^r our prcdcQcflbrs, who do not fcctn t| Jf^' 
 
 ^ 
 
 .,.. ■I'.J 
 
 
 '^Lk.**- 
 
 ■-tt^^i"* 
 
<'g7«. , 
 
 itio^ ^of the f^^iHRbil^ bq^fe W(;ie invMriaWy 
 }^^^ Ml. c^uwltci wth(? OMfifti^ worUJ^Oicw 
 
 "^^^91^4^0 jjh^ <k<^^bo w^ l?i(^oji erf ^amoia 
 
 wort! i for ^ ^m^ m^A # Satiw^y$ I awl wcl-t 
 ^^^dbytJ^^C<ym^ of ^i^li. C%9. ss,^iaftiBg 
 S S^urdfiyiv^^lfejli^ Ipsqipry.tfeer^rtpre, was ju(. 
 
 ^o«tIlC|a|^g||tprV,**pi^^ ;i.^:-.#ii,:,.|.„^ 
 
 fWW ?^lli^ W^^» 4M, ^t apiHcoye l)kx?pndu^ 
 ^^ J!^^4|o^t|r4%|ic8^ t^ cvcpi ftcnir^ isbaxyMf 
 totJKMbetl)^ jpfop^efj^:,!!!^ fcvcrk|^ j^fti* 
 
 ^ - l^aS ?>pjt .^thcr dW^iHur ^ofefrooi th^ 
 
 ^^fa<?r df % 4m^mvX!^^x^^ CPUI4 W with 
 
 ijpftnral of th)9 Eai^Ur, ^ oelcbratiBfl^ by the iUUtioi, JM 
 ^ ftfon«W<!^aaOfj Qf the Jawift Pajfover, fcpn^ whid* 
 v&^uf^ i^tJ W* adbffrc^tii, prct<;^(|j|4: ^ cpficMet that 
 t^ip being the principalcw^^iiKJtt|' ;^^^^ old Uy^ ul^f 
 ^fr c^monips of ^ jbni?; PMghttoi ilit^rf^ryed a|fo* 
 Jotcmovcthc occaaon, ?n<ij e%^ ei>iecj[,ft«tdp|if of dii; 
 
 tor^of his church alTemble^k la* A 
 
 *-mmJ >,.•,.,---• ^ ■. ,. ' ' . Chriftii 
 
 -^4." 
 
 - ^i' .<-^\ 
 
> 
 
 .- :•***» ■ . ■■ » -I 
 
 iH&w^JT^ who ^fmo ^4^ hmiH^itm sifnup iMt 
 iMJh, prf^9t]stc]tlRnoi«rtl|e or|^ the «ti^p}me6^ 
 ienre4 ifi-tkl»«Hi^r^4s/^bi«li tl|ef , and tlki[r Fidffgff 
 ^ HI ^e^ fiice tht ^^kM^ 4^>>i^ liad gcM^ 
 
 mim ^ricei ^ fioiplikky, and lamiBaU «he i^tiiia)^' 
 
 «r^lfs, ^ad ^^ th»0iin<ot ^aofidcpip* itthogg^ « ;. >a:s; ,% 
 fNiA^ t|lft|«cre«^ tl%« CpiHieiiolMlce til 
 
 ^^ » UPWQf of oMeriog a Istii^alttihil^ 
 
 certain diy ; the obfervance of dieli^M fogrK^liMill' 
 ag0B oiit^e4iiydet«timn«^b^ thrO»«ix^ (Hcw^ ih;^ : 
 aUCIMftHmi chuixbea iidi^i«6cli^^^ 
 
 ClirlftUit, world. '];^<(^:a dAfy0m0mm0 
 ^01 ;M1 the ^|>()^ra^i«# of downright ••^r'^f^rr t^''lt|ii|g', 
 fefti}!^^, wh9th|HFifn^9ftiir«or illttfioo, itaigti^l^N 
 
 jL^ . '" ^ s M^ * • ■" .1^ •■■ Ck .^ r; E. -i ■-.« - ... ,- ■ J Ji'j- "f^MtaMt • lAi I -''*Bl" — r I irf t*' " a 
 
 
 .-i' 
 
t'A". 
 
 is. ''• 
 
 pj \ 
 
 
 , Jy tWlWlfltL 
 
 teTapptort the rffl^rtibn. It is tHife fi*\ inar|;fnal n^itd he 
 IWIincci tWrt ^ope»yLibir§mzn&¥igi^ius^ #h<Sfe hiftorjr 
 %^cms to kflipw nothiiig: neither the ofe^itor the"6tsh«r 
 ihlieicdmmiihteated for conddiiiiihg f he do^lritac* H/ftht 
 fpifp^l, nor 5»ere they excommutiicatedat iIJi Though 
 fhcre wefto imnf'h^ al^that ttn»«k there 
 
 %a8 tibt one fo Ibft to fliame as ta prduhie ib^ d«no%hce 
 r fentenct i^gilinft'iftc cliler paftow o£ the chnrh V thr*. 
 INgreferved for the felteclletl evangcliflt of WkW. 
 "iff^, who, to thcno. ftnall aftbnlftment oiFth^Wbrld^ 
 ii^<:ommuhicafca l,co i. Libdrius ind; Vigilla* ivere' 
 blatfied artd juftly; the fonricr^ not fof tea^Mng^the ftri- 
 llfc^htrefy, for he condemned it ^ but for cOadewirtingj. 
 ifehanafftts, Whom he knew to be linjtiftU' acctifcd, and 
 ftei^fccbted for his defence of trurh ^ 4hd ifw corntntint* 
 ilting #ith^ Urfatius and Valais, whon> he ought td 
 Kl#e Ifcn6wn,\an4 itk att appearance did Mow^ to be 
 HH^rin prificip1e»i though they ftibfcrlbeii a CathbUe 
 formuli^ dft SJrmiorift' Ivhferts they made- thdir peikt^ 
 K^h Libftrhl«. However zixhfi-tym Omu^ous Conjub-. 
 Jtahtiaf W2S fupprelfed hf that fortt^^ it was w:r<^ftied%y 
 «lffc Ariaiis to foppbrt .tlkfh' h^(vy ^d Libcrius M 
 
 .- _r;|feiiT«d fot (libfcribing'^il^' -^^'^^^^^^ "f-^-fe ^*rf^*, '- ' 
 P^i^Kus was nOJ^ Icl^ dcfervedly blamed for prbmifing 
 the Etnprefs Thebt^ri to reinftate' her f^vouHte Anthy^ 
 iriut, the Eutychian patriarch of Conflal^tihbpic, wh* 
 Mi been de^pofcd by pope Agapitus, if ^e Would pro- 
 
 J<atc hinj the pontificate ; and forwritin]^ to AnthymUlJ, 
 ThcodofiuS, of Alexandria, and^Severus, of Antloth, 
 ihat^'was of their opinion and ccitttettriion-, ^ea rtic^ 
 
 ^WmffM' fiellifarius, by ordfcr of the' Efflprcft, had bantfh- 
 
 " cd the Irtfif^ope Sylverius, and iubftituted Vigilius^ by his , 
 xWti authority, but V%iliu# wks not then pbjife ^ t*^e^ 
 
 ^iftfiiii^i^^ iii ii iifttyil^ -by 
 
 tlie cohfii#iii^ ' appri^{is#llf%f the Roman derg y arid 
 
 fe^c, V^ilius became t!ie* Hgto |^jQF^or of t£ f tKen 
 
 'rf^^ 
 
 ■» ift ' Hi 
 
_ H'' • ;»' 
 
 '^^y^. 
 
 ^W^^ 
 
 J^'-A-^ 
 
 ■%-f--,«t 
 
 ftatiiig her favauritc ^^^mus, he respited !th«l he ha4 
 rjdhly promifecl,;and fininedgnevQufly in ib doing, tha% 
 he would not add onecrime to another by fulfiUing. an 
 unjuft and Hnlawful eng^emexit, refufed poAtively Sk 
 tcinftate, AnthymW8» approved |hc 5th general Councife 
 ~5Vhich condenftied the Eutyd^ian hercfy i }ysw himfell 
 fcnt int^ exile, and pe^iecttted with great ^wll^— Sen 
 5aul the deacon, in )m Hfc p£ Jnftinianr^ .^dt^fmsku .? 
 TheprottJiieof Qhrift toP^t^rjfeyii^ *M have prayjpi 
 for thee that tbyfaitbfliould not£»il,"i$ manifeftly verifijp^ 
 in tl^iujIoryQdr this pontiff: before he obtained the pon|^ 
 tificate.we fee in hina a.courtppHtician,ao artful intrlgu^it 
 ain unprincipled fchemer, folcJy imenl on the gr%ttficatici% 
 of his ambition, regardiei^ «f Ihe means. The intat h« 
 became t]ie rightful fuccefioif ot the^poftk we4f>4 hiip| 
 totally changed J religiouflyt^tpntive to thf( du|iiB9^f hi% 
 ^te i*. un&aken as % rctick : n^lthe^ threats lior profftuic^ 
 perfecution?, nor death t:oui4 induce him to deyi|||B 
 from , truth or give ^q^untendnce to error. Dv'rji^pl^ 
 afpace of eighlQ^ years he governed *he church^wi HMRr 
 bulent tim^yiand ficN^^jFed tbe.fi(herman*8 boat with ^ 
 fteady hand^^ Tfechiftory of this pontiff, which the caf# 
 tigatorwiUMrdly venture to. difpute, ^islt is giyenl^ 
 0itcn:ipor%ry writctrs, furnilhe$ |hfs moft un^ueftionabfci 
 proofs of the? JUthority^ which the Roman pontiffs ex| 
 crcilcd* and were r;houghtxio ijpfleft <iver aUtbc Gre^ll 
 ^nd AfVi^tic churcnes. For the information . of thof§ 
 readers, .who have, no familiar ljpiii|s^conft^^ tlif 
 writer gives avfiiort iketch of it^i^[i|||i^||^^^lll^^|;^ 
 . The llmperor J uftinianh»^rin|||al£en Africa from th* 
 Vandal8«ii3t the year 53$, imd&s^^ -, prep^ations to.r^ 
 cove|Tt^, from the Goths, which thfy had; pplicfbt 
 ^Qce the year.47^ vwhen Odpaoer took it from Jtom<|^^ 
 km A^ft»iiil»«^^W g mper or o f th e Weft, 
 
 
 himfelf iyng of Itaiy. Thcodatus, t|>c thep GptEic^ king» 
 terrified by -the threats and prcparatiims of the,empero%^ 
 wrote to Aga|»tus, tlic Roman pontiff, andtheien||' 
 
 rfN^f?"^ 
 
 \ i 
 
 
 ».ir 
 
 •s' 
 
^^ 
 
 \- 
 
 1 ./ ' r i-V 
 
 V 
 
 ■i^-5> 
 
 •ci^ 
 
 9 
 
^.^ T*_ v-. 
 
 .«#- 
 
 feettf ^Bal|^ l l il i li ld fm «iM ibi>atort» th«ir wives and 
 
 llM-theheftvy *^xiM»ii»1li«illirr«;d In ^t m^kUitk i he left 
 triie fent«c^, iMr 'irkeilftnd cMklfft^ m their fate. Iheo^ 
 datos' intended vei^tMO Wfts |)r#iiented lif ^ ^Mk. 
 #*:INdlCt», feeing the |>f<dgrefi of th« iai|)et(ia >6|bnerkl 
 
 :fi^^mdfi^^ |i|idedtiTedl ^/%^ theit- 
 
 li^. TKi ifi^or ikeriSeed ly tyrtmt lo eb^ Jinttied a^ 
 UPlbiMiiitK Mid 4««4 thte ibliAt«^ from imfMMd'mg 
 
 ,irtii^s*iiiNpiiii' jwte ' ■ «^ - 
 
 liftiini^ Ihe €atiiolk piitriftFiBlid^Coeiftafitlt«ti|)te4iiidi 
 jM AfliiilytiHli, tti Sutyti)lini|«#0lof» df Tf^DiibtMie^ 
 tl«rt^i»0dl«th<l^Har€h4l8de, iiflt^ tlie (iredU aiid 
 IftftueiXe A^*^be emjprelii tbeodora. t^wi«hfti>Adlng 
 •i^ie.entteltiei df the emptor, tlie fdHtdiiatkms and (4tiett 
 IMllll^ii^^ tiki|MrfA| Agaf»Nue de|>oMiybih end, m 
 
 ;iii|p|#'d^lii«it- Mait, cNMittmtii#^.lM ^kti 
 ili^p^tMiiieiii of tie etnftetcir atid tir|lli|l(ei to #11 
 
 ^Mlr1^llt Sifee, If*. Jl^^liiM ;ii^^ttU9 dioi ibon after 
 llk€<Mill»ftdtidi^, it)dily4«^^Mrae<ftoren|li Rtimeto 
 |lkxeiiitoil.plllr igfMli^ii^^ dilirmis of retn. 
 imflir^''tti#ylilll, figniaed to F^j^Vt, 
 Roinin okurals Mllil^ Conittoitinople^ 
 ^^tiktt hif eleifttoifwulte Roman See^ €>n 
 III pl'otf^ dl fup|>reffin|[ thfe Cdundl ofCbetoedarii mHA 
 fpprdldtiy tiM fiMth of iliiithymu% ji|;TbeiHtoriis, of 
 JMexaiid^, Afid Severns^ <il Antknil^ililJ^i^^ 
 
 r livndred pnimdii of go^ ^ith an order 
 
 if[^lie*iili on his trr leal at Rwiie ii ftM^ fyhwrivfl 
 eeieiiQ#ledf;ed, ureiit lo Re>^e«tia, iifwed tlie ^^^al 
 tie cRi^re&'i ^uhtiffl^ pvomifed hkei twokundred 
 
 ^ ^ . — pounds 
 
^o\itih of gbW it he would difpofe of Sylyenus. BeUi^ 
 ifkrius tiibk Rome froqa the Gotte; on the loth of Dc% 
 cember, 55#, and under jirctencc that Sylvcrms h*| 
 |rivcn fbmc inteiHgcnee to the Got^ fcnt him an cxife s 
 to l*ataras in Xycia, ;^d placed filitius iii the pbntifica|^ , 
 
 ' chair, Lib in Br. Ca. ^^^■'^^'-^■^'"^'\'j*tPm\''::-)- ^ ^ '"''■■ 
 From this ftprtlketfch it appcai4;thittht5i^^^^ 
 
 thoriry wa|^a$ unlimited over the patriarch of Cojtf' 
 
 (l^htinople ikFter the bouncit ot Chalcedott as befpri^ 
 
 it ^ the lequcl bt Vigilius's hiftory fliews it riot Icft^ 
 
 forcibly : whch, jarteif. the tiktn^ and lacking # 
 
 Rpme by tcMy cJn tlie i7th of December, 546, Vigi; 
 
 lius was callid to fcohftantinople bjr the emjJerer, thciigt 
 
 i (Jrifotier.arid treated wiiK great truclty, hi: putiiUhcd^ 
 
 arcntcncc bf tondemnaiion againft jhis einjjrfels theoj 
 
 doira, arid x^ d€ephati^^inde^€nkents.i2^ the da j^ *, hf 
 
 his iinfliaften lirmneC* lb fup|)ort ohhd Cdtincil of ChaV 
 
 cedott hc^ difdpjjointed the Vicwl, and rendered inet 
 
 feauil alt llle efforts ol Theddorui of Csfeppadoda \ in*: ' 
 
 b? ^he olher partiJahs bfthe Eutychiin hercQr, who^ 
 
 thoUgh all-powerful ai Court, ^nd the po|ie ih il^ 
 
 ehui-cH of Sdint Euphemti of Chalcedon, a$ a {ilacc 'dt 
 
 refuge, coUld not othcrwife make their, peace t^ith hioji 
 
 than by offering to him a profeffion of faith, ^ Whifci. 
 
 Ih^y d^cUre, thjtt to profcrVe ccclciiaftical unity fhc^ r1^ 
 
 ceivd the four gefteril Council of Nice, df CbridantinW 
 
 pie, df Ephefuj J and of Chalcedpo, promiftng td bbfistvi 
 
 inviolably, ill that Was itt theih dctldcd Mith the corf , 
 
 fcnt ot the le^j^tes and vicaj^ of the Holy Sc<, by whca| 
 
 the popes have prcfided 'oVcf^thcfe Cou(icilt< mh\hJM' 
 
 iimt \ a profeiflion of the (atne form was gtveft by M«nfj 
 
 pairlaifch oi CoHfiaminopU, by Theodore of Caf^rea, byAf^ 
 
 drgw K>i fyhf/as, by fbeodorut of jiniidcb,\n Pi/tdiu, Pet^ 
 
 tUTarus^ and mahybtRcrs— QceFicury, B. Xxxiii.p. 4$$ 
 
 t i cannot bei;H4;br4hought4hat4t man, 
 
 fence of his life had i$ks^ refuge in thfe£»nai|ij^» 11^ 
 any undue uidaencfc,,0 engage theffe prelat^^^*^*^^ 
 
 fuch a pubttci i##^cntic aeknQw|^^|W pf iheft^- 
 
 \*^4^ 
 
 
K' 
 
 ■'-?«■■ ^'?s^. 
 
 %*^ 
 
 4 
 
 
 . penorif yof ^h Sec. The feju^ of ^v?nj hifence to ^ 
 Clergy o£ their Several cfiocefcs, imd t.» the faithful in gc- 
 npral, to Whc^m the %a: wa$ af wcil knowft then, as i^ 
 i« to PI r^ow, alid ^ho WlV^ld tib wxiird acknowledge a 
 bilhop dirclaimiflg the authority of the Rojnai) See then, 
 
 than we ^P»^<^<\w^ ^5;?^% W^ which caftjuC 
 
 tify their l^biniflSofi^*'^;^ ^-•^^^^V; ■■^- ■•^; -^^^v... -J , 
 
 *^ -il^ »^ caaigatdr h^ton^ted t<^fiaftical hmory he 
 :Wouki have i^d one pope, who, though not excom. 
 ^unfcired wbilft Hying, was fevtfrriy ccnfiired ifter hit 
 li^athi on the fuppolif ion of his having couii tenarced th« 
 Sutychian hcrefy atleaft by fijcpcc j wherhtr the cenfufe 
 was well or ill foundeil^ a qlieftion of diffictih: difcuflion, 
 it is rertaiti that, the 8th general Councft, in which he 
 ?^ <^enTurecl, did not rhink a pope infallible,' the Catho% 
 Kcs of the tjaited Jvioj^loii^'* with great propriety, 
 tV(^Qre, declam that the pnpc^ inl^llibilty V no 
 ^^^*^^^'^'*°^*' '^^'^^^C' nortenn of cc^tnnnioii. 
 ^^5m> fiHiis partiphlet with ll-Jmething the ca^igalor 
 gives «f the hiftory of Afrtarm 1^ Africiri.who. fecoill. 
 W\if.ica»ed by iSs own biOioptW n/^ ji^tJ appealed to 
 pope 2< 'Klmui,. This affords him ♦<) oppbrtooity of dij; 
 ^jrgingnccrtaift portion of his^bilein the abnfe, which 
 k UviOiefl Q|i that veqcrabfe pohiiBf am} hi fuccciTir 
 ..firieftinc. Tl^ptir artf^^ince and iinpofture he muft 
 t^ve larocd from hit^it <^ divination : ^iftoiiansat* 
 iP^^^n the fubje^^ H^ concludci a long talc, fomt 
 M^tf4,y^^\ aw. ^nde<i on faft, others of! hij bwn 
 '|f>vfn>ionv>y 4*ifig; th^t this pi-icft of Sicca, in Africa, 
 %h« had hiwm abfolredpn appeal by the pop^, acknowr 
 nip^^Kcd, Iff prcfenq^of an African Councti, the criipei 
 #itlv #hiyi Jie was charged. , The reader will bef^i 
 i^fed to loir a n?an»$itp againft the pope's authoiikf f 
 jkX which ^m his own jatcujcnt tends to cnabli (hit : 
 Jnr hf fmi, p * 84. " lby-thepwtcaioa^ thr b i( h«>^ t tf 
 J^Qine he might have cfcapcd had he been able to with- 
 ftand the fttngs ^S^lJ^^ipn donfcierice, ' tia upon^^ 
 fdurth day, to the great coitluiioa of the kgate and the 
 
 ..,'/■■-!: Jiiprcinacf- 
 
 *^N-. ^V.r 
 
ti^i' 
 
 — V-i'su^. 
 
 •^ 
 
 it' 
 
 -y.. 
 
 ' '( 
 
 ^1 
 
 fill ID ge- 
 ieri, as it 
 vlcdge a 
 See then, 
 I cah juf- 
 
 fftory he 
 i excom* 
 alter hit 
 iiiceci thji 
 rcenfufc 
 (fcuflxon, 
 vhich he 
 eCathd* 
 <»pricty, 
 H mi 
 mixniofi. 
 
 ijligalqr 
 1»coifl* 
 •caled to 
 yofcii}; 
 5, which, 
 
 I niufl 
 lans ate 
 
 Africa, 
 icknowf 
 ; crimes 
 I beitir* 
 loHty a 
 blifli it : 
 
 o with 
 M>n (be 
 »nd the 
 
 rcmacyr 
 
 lapreiftacy , he confeW'd every crime." Worn thh ftatfe- 
 aicnt ii; is. manifdt that the pppe^^iiiJhfMlty was ac- 
 knowledged by th^jie A Wca^ prel^t^^ hhiu. 
 thority wottlJnot have fivcd the man, whoih theyhaa 
 bc6.rc cond^njned. Hpw thecritnes of that Africak 
 prieft could turn ta^fw; <:onlufion if the Roman pontiff 
 or Wslcgaie^i^joleafily conceived, Aiiidge io appeS 
 muft pronounce on m proceed mgritcacry had in the 
 purt^ iixHi,. wh^ch, the ^p^ comes. If the man haii 
 been legally ,convi(f^d 11,1 vroiccJ^ti' cm^^c Uved 
 him. Ji inah, wha^cpofulb commoa leBfe. would (A 
 that thu^ Aft icah w^^aLhypocrlte^ Who W impofed 4 
 the pope Ji whpfe criijicv though knowo to the Afriah 
 pi^atei on' pubUc report, Iwd not b«j»^ juridicifly pro. 
 v(^ I H wa* therefere neither afro^ce nor impoftum 
 m the pope ta abfolve hih) t it was hiaoficial duty, ani 
 this caftigator. whilft he yei»tsh«« fplcepon thefcpope,, 
 expofea his owd ignqratfce to ^ritcmpi. To deleft th^! 
 crime* of pcrfons not known is a privikJge to wl^cli 
 pop«ipr^cnd^no tiilc, this, wirfr all fiich. Oity rdiftn to 
 Bowef, F4;anco^t2, and other ceiailert of flanderi, 
 who, m the malignity of their own hftirt*, at the di 
 tance of Ibme centuries, dilcover 1^ motiver wtmk 
 ttitf lend to iqnocence and integrity ;ib ordei^^to^i^ 
 thefe virtues the qolour of their oppi>(ke vic^ *»^t^ 
 ., It is true the African prelates did at tfiat tlaiy^i^ 
 peals m perfonal caufcs to Home, and ik their Syn did! 
 iettei to the Pope a%ned a fufficicdi And latisfafto^ 
 teafoa hx fo doing j •• hpw,* (aid tfcey, ^^ can a fu^ 
 ment beyond the feas be cehain, iiac« theneccffary wl|I 
 »elfcs cannot be fcnt, either on accouat of th<r weakneTs 
 oftheif Jfeat. or their advanced age, or Ibme other igu * 
 pediment.'* tong before that tkneStf Cyprian ^c^ 
 Ijained of the irregularity a^ (mcH appeab ,^ and fi.ice 
 that Hmi?. France, Spain, Germany and England. befo«l 
 
 fl iop i*f 1 / ^f . 1 ^ f forn i a ^n6ii> loudl y and j iiR ly mi^ fled nf t 
 
 «■ r ;■, ■ ■ " •■» ■■■' -.,: 1 
 
 
 ^* f-t f"V * 
 
■■'■U» 
 
 ■*9-,'v*"'v 
 
 .|?^?^*??^'^?^ft'^*^'^'^»P^»"«.J that power^ frcquenjay 
 ^bu1|^ no man cfoubts, but the abufc of pf^wcr {hew? 
 that power tp be real; (or if fi^it^ous. it <;otild nc* hi'. 
 
 / ._ There afc fomc men^^ho having borrowed art opinion, 
 
 ' |(pwever falft pr ^blurd, feize witli^vldit Jc every aiad<jw; 
 
 which iccriis io countenance ' the 'deception j ther^ are 
 
 others, who artfully, wreft, in fuppprt of the opinions* 
 
 ghich h Is their intereft to Icrid^ the very rca(bns, whic(i 
 
 : ^aetea the fallacy:' It 4a not ca:iy to df tcripine to whl^j 
 
 6f thcfo claflcs o^r caftigator belong;^': tithets which hi, 
 
 %^& felca^d in fiipport of crrof . uhiformly, and uncqul. 
 
 vocally, condeitti i(;v;|^« ii t»^ Icfs unlufcky in hU 
 
 |hqicc of witncfft^ <^ Jerom, a monk remarkably aut 
 
 Jere, a mirror of picnancci as inimical to epicurifm, the 
 
 l<lol of inodcrn rcforiipifts; as the 3aptVft himfclf ; in 
 
 yhpfc works' all |hc errors boj-rowcd from Jovinicri, 
 
 Vi^ilantius, fiic.' " now taughtln the reformed churches, 
 
 are refuted with incxpreffibie force' and perfpicuity, '4 
 
 ^ iil?^°^"^*^'"* ^' ^^^} 1**^** himfcff (ecrcwry to the 
 
 ;f:6 to pontiff pamafusi ?nd afllUtid Mm in anfwering 
 
 the Syribdfcal "confultationft pf 'th<5 talt and ^he Weft, 
 
 ^tthatis, of the thfii Chriliian wcirld;;inhia^^'l^^ 
 
 Veronlia, adviljhg that lady' tp continue Unmarried, He- 
 
 ^relates an "anecdote which 'h< Ward at Rome, !« many 
 
 |year8a^,*Vto^,^ l^whcri nffift bifliop of 
 
 the Ronpap citjr, in ecdci|aftlcal Writingi^ and' a«fwercd 
 
 i^e Sj^nodlc^l jpifi^iltj^tip^s o|^^1se Eaftand the Weft.** 
 
 J^ ?^\ %|^^5^'i» ^^^ Eaft'andthe Weft 
 
 ^o *c|nrult,tHe Rofean Sec \m difficult (^ueftioni j hence 
 
 ?Jf^ 5^*?^^''^'? ^^"^(f^^« cpnteiTcdly the Aioft l^rned man 
 Cifhls tim<;, confult'lng the lame pontiff." arid reding the 
 "cxpfemoii of his^falth; In a I difficult quc(lion„ on th^ at). 
 thoHty of tlie Holy See. The Gre^k term " hypc/fafis'* 
 ^sofdoubtfvl iiijoificadon i^t' Brtay cxprefi %\Jt0mhg 
 
 &l(ed by CaHid?lic Wrrtcri, iti the fatter by Heathen phi- 
 . , jf^^ ^!MaMs; itid diier Ce^aricl in* the Sail, 
 
 '-■ • ' •• -%.../ "?■>/ ". wreftcd 
 
 
 :.^4is' 
 
 > ( 
 
 ut*- 
 
. -n 
 
 1!; 
 
 :^ t. 
 
 |54by Catholic writ<p^^ fcljic which f«^ fe* 
 
 givei couhi^*aiii)Ml() thetr crrrtrt. St. Jerom, |0>dflkd*^ 
 C()fifcndiftgWrii68 to declare his ^Ith, dared nrttifc tj^' 
 exprciTipn to {ijgh^fy aihet ^r^orA0atice without th* 
 p<»pc*s apprdbatidn. rft Sj^bic twq Wtters to bamaLfi^ 
 oh the fubjea) in |he (}4 |ic fayi , tl^it in t^e dW'raad 
 jftate bf the chjrch in Afia he JPound it ne<:c&^ to cnh* 
 fult thfe iScc of peter • "thougih," fays he, '* your great, 
 nds terrific^' ypor humanity it|^^^^ 
 the viAim of ial^atioVfrom the prieft, and chiih protei* 
 tion from ■ ^(le ihepfcrcl. |^t envy recede, and the dt 
 ten ration of the ^oman ;^i|iiit\-ce.»fe. ifpcaktotlie 
 ^cccflbr of ihar fiflxerman, feli^iKciple of the crofe,^ fc^ 
 
 lowing r\p chief but Chnft, P am united in communicii 
 
 w^re three tif^ops thcii contending for the patriarclll 
 Sec tif Antidch, of vvhich church Jeroni was himfe^^ 
 dcrgyWtn : o^'thcfe, in hi? lerter to Damafus, he fays i \ 
 ** Ido hot IktioW, 'Vtiaius, pelttiut, I fdea^ nor do/lj 
 know Baulhfus^ whofoever does not coited with f^ 
 fcattcii, V^ .^ rfwe aft what thfy think may be under- 
 ftood by three b^Qf$s ; ihe^ fay thre^ fubCIHngp^* \ 
 fons; we ahfwer : ihu? we beltew; the ibnfc d(»s not 
 iatis^ thert t t^ey ^^fib tW word bepiufe I know not 
 what poifon j4 concealed in the " fy Uablcs t we exclaim if 
 any one does lioc Wnfefi t\Mti hjpojtdfes or three enypof. 
 i^fl/tf,t,ha|i5/th|pecfttbfimD|;pcrA)ns, let hjirti Be an ana- 
 themfWltim^i^ faanf^ %j^7»,unde^^^ 
 «f/«a» #tfe. ipr i^^^^, dlibes not (iy that ih thrc« pw- 
 fbns m^^^^ml^t^alin. he is alienated k^^mk ' 
 ihd i^ this ^eenfefilob, alfb with you we are iiliprefl^d 
 with the ftlm^ of .unioh« t Qeciaf ^f you tfcafc; t 
 
 
 ylMI 
 
 ^omuiand." He warns the pope at the fame time as^ft 
 Jhcihlfic^^t^ feaa^» who .urif^hiai tb^fea 
 
 . ',v*">«' 
 
 • < s 
 
 ■y 
 
 I 
 
 / •*! 
 
 •1* .".*%: 
 
• ' 
 
 
 •». *•■ t» 
 
 <•» 
 
 
 r^ ' 
 
 p -• 
 
 Ml ^kh tfMf fii)gKt wrdi in^ftpnrt of tlirif erropt^ 
 
 ^^rtf£|^<i[ by ibe &ff|ia/a«(c>f the lyopld, by the C^n/u^. 
 
 Mantml lyifiityt tlui by ymir lelteri I be^u.thoiiied to if^ 
 
 |||ree ^^ifa^ mnot to Ciy k, aad, left tl^ oblcuriiy 
 
 J|f ihe pla(^ ill wiUcK. I dwejl (h^mid deceives you^ deigiv 
 
 fp ' tranlmk the writiiig||f thf $airicci b£ letters ca 
 
 tvagriui ihcfJrieft, wfcbjai yiW Weft kitow, arid figrtify 
 
 to fue al the fiune time wkh whcint at Anti^ch | ought 
 
 ^0 ec>miDUnicAte,heiaulb the C^rn|(enfe$^ united ^^.tjh tHa- 
 
 j^^rks! of Tharfim defir^ nothing fiifii b^ttbati thti;]|^ 
 
 ,:fWyr Ibipportcd by the authority i;J ypiir cp«ijn^iipn» 
 
 ^ftticht^jxrec ifjip9/fafes. With the old fcnie.^i f||, t v>r» 
 
 '%'.i^a this letter fetniiitied unanfwered, St. Jjecom wrote *^ 
 
 ^^^ftd in a prelling fty^Jii; which, after, expofing Klsr, 
 
 ]^b(irrafl*nnent» he fays : ** in th€t moan aiit^, I escUini , 
 
 ^"B any one be united t« the cha«r ^q^ Ff t<|r Jw 1$ mine* 
 
 JtfWSf^ Titabut and ^auknui, ^the contervding bifh 'ps) 
 
 fey $hey are united'to you. tf rOnc only f^id ^t I otuld ^ 
 
 ^m»reit^ b»t n#wr WoafferJt, a feireho^, if not all 
 
 . tlit^ Whetelbre,! COD jure ybiir beatitude, by the crofr 
 
 v#f ouirLord, to %i!)ily tome by Icttetf/with whdm in 
 
 'lyrUr may communicate^. ' ,^.^Sm^k^^'^^:¥^^^^o 
 
 ^y|ron» thefe letters we learn, tHjMl lokiiltett words from 
 
 jSie intended fenie <>|iJNI writer^ ia ordf^f tQ cuunte- 
 
 ^iomce nc^r opinions, is t^ii of mo^dern iaventioii. W^ 
 
 J||ii^ emh»rriffiHcnt, fn(o which the artifices of Teas* 
 
 %^w»wrefiing1irs words, and garbling his works, tbcc^r 
 
 itonibft accurate and tntdUgeot writer^ whtit^yetliy* 
 
 jbg ^ we uce the Icfi fuffiriied tl^t-nwif fcntMries aftcf ' 
 
 ^,1^18 death,, other feftarici*, equally artiuli Chould aMt^mpt 
 
 *'|to mn^ kirn, and other Writers not ;mor9 Ciiiitious, 
 
 llci^f Jipiige. whicli they never intendc4j^||hc wri- 
 
 ier maltet no iltuGon to the eaftigator, he doealiot ful^cct 
 
 J^i|i Co have read a Hoe of Jeroml workR--i4he few gar- 
 
 mn 
 
 »itf a jrcm ]^clB% tetit||||ppif.w, not 
 
 i*4lS^»,,.*''-i.-|: '^V*-;^ ■-• 
 
 --'^* 
 
 
.;iRf»^ I 
 
 
 ^i^k 
 
 utAy catholid tdtntmledged tfie authority of rf#lfl|i^ 
 man See > but that even di^ereht U^ztitil in order tcr 
 iropofe on the crtclulity of the Public, founded their prot. 
 tenfio^ on afuppofed comfiminion with that. See. Stii 
 ttniver&IIy ahd lb pubiitl^ was it knoixm, and fo dteplf^ 
 wa3 it imprefled In the mttic^ofali ChHftians, that thd 
 See of Peter is tM centre Qfunipn, the bond 9^ Catholic 
 
 To enable "readers hM ycrfcd In the works <^ thef<| 
 early writers^ whom 1^ rtafiwft «f fiigfranticjuity an<t 
 great authority we call Fathers of the Church, tojtjdg<^ 
 vi the folly of this Caftigacor, Who refers t6 Jerom for % 
 condemnation of popery, the writer tfanferibes a few 
 pafiTig^ from that Father i^>jtiftly celebrated, notonlf 
 for his profound knowledge of the fcriptures, bat a^ 
 forhisextendve acc^uaintanCe with every branch of polite 
 literature ; of whont Erafmus an acknowledged judge^, 
 ^ys, that his works are an opulent treafure, diyerfified' 
 with the beautiful and the fublime of attlan^uagejiand: 
 
 In his lirft book againft Jbvinlen, Jerom ftates the ei^ 
 rors of that .ircf:jrmi^ i ";;■•■*:' '^ ■^'■■' ^y'' "'^'-'^^ ■ ''^ ■' •'■ ^ ^*' : ,i 
 
 ift That i fiate 6f perpftual cetibkcy bnbt more ine«> 
 ritoriousWrf^the matrimonial ftate. l^fT t »rr *'t' 
 
 'ad. That they, who are regenerated by baptiib, Can* 
 |iot fall, or, as he terms iL be fubverted bj^ tt^ &ii| 
 
 3d. That absftihcnqs frorf^meats is utcAe^JffT^Pl 
 
 . , lYie 4th, and laft, that all who keep their fnptiftn wii 
 
 obtain one tild the fame rewar4 ia the liingdom of 
 
 T 
 
 '.'} *-;^, 
 
 Heaven. ■ ''■;•- /'rV,^>>^.-^«>'-^.v;y 
 
 Thefe, fays jehii|i* ire the hiifinga of the bid fcrpent^ 
 ^hacfuntjthitafirpi^tn anti^m** ^y thefe couni^li thedra- 
 gon expelled man from paradife, ^.dfSct bit ce eu0m 4l| 
 Paradife J>$mhim iitpint,** lli^t Jeroift y alifles tkd do4* 
 
 • M 
 
 
 train pi irreHtlible re^oning, i\icw$ not fimply the h\ie* 
 hoodi bi|t;^ • Impiety m theft doarines, rdfiitdr thi 
 (Uy rcafons offered by Jovinien in juftification of thew 
 
 *: ',...■. ../•:.%^.'/* . ■ >•/- -errors,. 
 
 i ', "?**' ■ 
 
u 
 
 I 
 
 it 
 
 
 I, 
 
 :t-i,t 
 
 fi|« it) repeal; 
 
 l.*ij: i-/^ 'jfYt-'4.,f^|^». '1»i^'^ ^.'.-^i.;*: 
 
 OT9rsi^ai|d whicK ^p^tgin? reforml 
 
 ^Jovimcn, to juftSF^ his firft ?rrbr^ ta^ St^t the fexaml^ , 
 tp of the patnarclis in <tH^ old ia,w^ and, deficending to 
 t|c new liw^ infift^d qn the prerogative p^ Supreme 
 Head ot the Churchy conferred on Peter, a inaf ricd |nan, 
 in preference to john^ in iftate of celibacy, i'o this J^. 
 torn replied, tna,t though celibacy was not fo ferioiifly 
 i'pcoiiimend^ in the ^d Jaw, it wa& yet praciifed by 
 tjicir grcated propjiets, Elias, Eliflxa, Daniel, jeremias, 
 Sfh -To die prerogative iionfei'j^d oh Pctet, lierepHeci 
 tflat It waf conferred on age. The writer tranfcribes ihd 
 ^'hole paffage tri the original— " 4i autem obnixe cfen. , 
 t^nderit joanhcm Virginem -iioh fuiife & nos Aihoris 
 bt^eipui Caufaih yirginitatem di^ixnas, exponkt flic: 
 H^'""S^ ^^^ ^^^^r ^ur prdc Ccdterii Apoftolis plus ama- 
 tusfit ? Et dicis fuper Petrum fundatuf Eccleria, Kcet 
 ki ipftDim in alio loco fbper omiles . Apodolos fiat, ei^ 
 oin^i Claves regni roeloprtf^ accipiantj & ex sequo fiiper* 
 ^ Ec^efisc fortitudo folidetur, t)ttiie|ppropterea iat'er, 
 dupdecim unus eli^tur, ut Capite Conftitiito. Schifmatis' 
 toiiatur dccafio. Sed cur mm Joannes elecii^ eft Virgo ? 
 iEtati delatum eft quia P?trus (cniorerat : ne, adhiic 
 tdolcfcens.atpcnS pi^r jp|bgne0*^ figtia hhmim^ 
 
 i^tu^'^ -■,. ■• >.:■:• "w" '^ : ; : ^' ': ' ^ ^:. : -'t ; : • , '• '-^ " '^ ' "■ 
 
 r*' iut i^ he earheftly contend that John w^s not ;t 'j 
 virgitiv an^ ;^e have faid that virgjtnityWas the caiifc o^ 
 Angular love, let hini explain, if he \vas not a virgin, 
 'Why. he 19^ ii)or6 beloved by Jefua Chrift, than the 1 
 6thcr apoifics f rfiit f ou fay the ctiurcii was founded on ( 
 P^ter^ -thougb tine /an»c thing in aijpthef place t»e done 
 on aft the apoftle^^ and, alt rcpelvc the kfeys of the Kingr 
 dom o£ ileaven, ai^d the ftren^h of the Church be equal- 
 ly foliated on them j yet for this ainphgft the twclv(^J 
 oney chofep , tha t ah^dbeingcpi;iftitute(j thg occalioil 
 |MiM£^;^uld be taken t|iW^y» But' why was not Johni 
 
 i|^ c8)^fcri r A frcy(ipr|nc9 was given to age hi? 
 
«< 
 
 < I 
 
 f- 
 
 :^^ 
 
 M-if 
 
 J)qV, ffipiiid not be prtfeitrzd to dittt of adVahc 
 
 Vom this paflk^e the ciftigator has ftliaed theft 
 jch, p. jtj "tfaejjpifch is founded on all theapoi- 
 
 tii).arid aU•ha^e^rccctvcd the key 8 of the Kingdom di 
 avfcn, and the ^rttinefs «»f the church rcfts on them 
 ec^uiiiy,*' and this he thinks cohdufive evidence that 
 ?^Jerpm did not think ^ter fiipcrior to any of the apofi. . 
 ^ d6# The writer does not remember t0 have feen iuch 
 iilMiblufliing impofturej mn doating ftupidity cannot 
 luftifyit. It is a bmcntal^ truth, that many well di^ 
 ;pofed but uninformed chriflianilt arc duped by fuch la|?» 
 poftidre^.-: \i':^'H^u>.^''J-'>^, -^ ''S,,:,--o/ ■ ■ > .y,p^; .-.y 
 % In Ms wHtirigiJ againft Vigjilahtnis, Jci^is not lei 
 Unfriendly to' modern rcforniifts, in, whofe defence it 
 muft be adnuttfed,. that pot one of their errors is of late 
 invention ^ they have becnall ^cvcraUy taujfht at dififer- 
 r<nt timcs|khd in different plac^, biit vftj^ never united 
 Into one ptctehiiied rule of faith> until Lul|her, of reforn^ 
 ingmemoryicorapofcd his monftrous, code. 
 
 Jerora begins the work by enumerating many tnohs. 
 fters of which we read in facred and prophanc hiftory j 
 amongft thcfe he ranks Vigilahtius, " who,** fays he> 
 *' aftuated by th^ uAclcan fplrit, re^fts the fpirit of Chrift i 
 fays that the toraftts of the martyrs aircJtot to be vciie- 
 rattfd j^ that vigils aVc to be condemned"; that alleluia is 
 not to be funfe b^iron^Eafl«rday ; that continence is he- 
 tcfyv and chaftity the fource of licentioufnefii and as 
 Euphorbus 13 faid to be reborn in Pythagoras, fo, the 
 ptrvcrfc ntiipd of Jovinien isrifcn in bim^ henc«b6thin 
 the one and the other we are forced to.reply to 
 jheinfidious arts ofthe deafion. Joyim'en. condemned 
 by the authority of the Roman church with the pica- 
 lures of the Uble.gave up the ghoft ; Vigilantius, now 
 an inn^kecpcr, mixes water with wine, and by his ac- 
 ftome<t: ar^^ndcavoura to imitc tfac poifon j£^e£ fidy 
 
 with^thfe Catholic fjufth 4 he condemns virginity, he 
 batoic mS^YK^^t. thfi bi»a«^ of.-W«ridtii^ he rails 
 
 <->ji 
 
 ,./ \. 
 
-* 
 
 ■* 
 
 v 
 
 ■^. 
 
 
 .that iic ^as^tobmg a, modern reform^. T^ht 
 
 ^W^£ Woktry, tirj„c& was dien ma^e, and how, at 
 
 Z.'^f'^f: """"^ centurieg, revived, he Ifcplitt \ « mad 
 
 ^ W^ f^rZ ^^'"^^ ^^'^y^*^ Who :ever thought a 
 ; . mnz Godj men .|>aul and xBamaby Were th^ght 
 
 ft Z^^if^ ;o£i.ycabnk to be Jupiter and ftJercuL 
 .^^m were prepared t^be offered to them, th^v 
 1^ titor gpu-meniaaiid fold, they we^ 
 ^ ^rc^bctt^r titaii tJi^ dead m^n J^plur and 
 ^rcury^Ufr by ^n Heathen luperftition the honqf 
 ^ i^a^d. was oflfe««d to^^^^ 
 diftinguilhes the honor due to Ged from the refpcd and 
 
 . iwrerencc which i» du* ti» fom^ of his creatures. It 
 
 ■ ^!r !fl''1'*i"'*"J*'^' ^"^^^ ^'^ Vigilantius 
 flwtttof rchcks of ihe martyrs are covered with aprecious 
 ytil, .. . . ^rc urc thtsn. facrilegjious wh«i ^ ^mer the ' 
 ,chmxhe8 of the apdf«es? Was Conftantiiie fth« em- 
 ^rot}iacrilegioiU,who f canflated tbe holy relicjis of An- 
 drew, ^Lufce aad IJanothy; ta€onftandnopl« ? Beforci 
 thefe the dcBions %, an4 tiiey who dweil iiKVimianti. 
 " *^^,f«*^ft they ^ei thfelr prefenoe. b the em^or Ar. 
 midm to be called ^rilegioos, wlio after foWa time 
 tranflated tliq bones of Sam^id from Jude^ t« Thrace ? 
 ^Are aJl the tbiffipps to be judged ntat only facrUegi^s but 
 totonc, who c^tiitdthatfUeni iAing€mf^li„g a/hfi,'^ in 
 m and golden vei5?l^? W«rc all tljc people of all 
 
 ^urchciinranc, who met tile holy remiss and received 
 them ^as joyfully as if they btdfcen th? prophet prefent 
 and ahve : {c, that froh, PaJeftino to Ghalcedwi the 
 :9*;o^d| of>opbs were j<)ined, ^d their vmccs refbund* 
 *d in prailis of Chtid ? Was it Samuel thoy a<totocl, not 
 
 Y^^fi f /^?« S*"^"^*^'^ the levitc, thepfopheti ' 
 Y««M^a h.m to be dcid, therefoicc yott blafohemcf 
 *ead the gofpel : the God of Abraham, the tlod-of Ifaac, V 
 
 1^!^^ •^^'^' ^^ '^ «ot the Qodof thed^^Kn..^ 
 mwmng.Y. • * youYay ip yottr.|i*ip|a,JaJ^^ 
 
 
 :,».:■ 
 
 ^VigilaBtiai'swoi^ftt 
 
 1* 
 
 3f*,«rw« -^f^-Wfrn 
 
1*5* -''-/^'« '-••'-<-' 
 
 .%.■ 
 
 ?% -f^-'t " 
 
 
 ^::.^ 
 
 <i*f 
 
 ■•U' 
 
 . ^ %c wcmaj^fjirajr QiBefcrih^ other j bn)! aft* ailtt( 
 ^r pf aycr pf one is n0fc tatip heird for anpiher i" toi 
 this Jjji'oiu TeplleaV: *^diCi^ipoftI^ and mitiiyrfe iii th^ 
 body* whJWl ytt (blitiitmis fo# thcmfirlye^, ppji^ftd' fofc 
 oth^s, howumiiich ii^ri^feiwentfy after tlie att^nineittv 
 of their crawmsii-toif vii^ncs, their triu^^ ?4 Ohd. 
 iBaih^Mdf^fti bbcained frgmj6pd.pak^ori;i*r fiiijteiir* 
 ^fcd thq^ifand arihedi iiienrjb Stq»hen, thi$, linitatQr- of; 
 MiJ^Edi^ tBi^fe fifft irijirtyr (^ Ghrifti lufed for pardod^ 
 for his pirfeci?torC J- no^ ch^ an^ffcii^ GhxtBt wiH tbej^? 
 have Icfa credit I Paiif the apiiHe/fays thjirttj^^ 
 and feve«ty &x^ fo^Js. were gjvea, to Mm^ in thc^Mp j; 
 now that hie is frecd>and; with' Ghi*ift.^il he ffitit hb 
 ffiouth f Fdr alii who in thdworM^h|^;believe4[ip hisf 
 ifpfpd wilihi^ not haJtre the ppwfer ta. i|ferfc ?** ; V ^ 
 ^e confounds ¥igilantiita.by the.unantn^piits cgnCent. 
 ^qdjnvarhiblqufageof ail ehriftian chnr^ : •*- dd« 
 tjic%ofnakt bifhopfin/^hci, ofeii Verified tothc Lord 
 pv4r the h&%6i of thedcad men P^tcr and faul« in oui^ 
 qjinidn. vehafa^, in yours, hiic vi^ dnfr f And he 
 thinks thcic toti^bs t*ie altiars of Ghrift 5 not only the bi^ 
 QxQp of one cityif but aU the bifliopy o£ tfe worMi, duf 
 th4% crir i^hort dcifpifirtg the inn^kecpc^ VJg^antitta^ tUef 
 enter the Churches df the d^^d^ in. whioh this yUedtiJf^ 
 emMkn&wttflt ibhatt^i ardwca^ up in Hn!*n V*^ 
 
 Fromthfe paflagc we tear^ tbist the^reKcks of theiiunt< 
 iffta^ uiukr thf altars olF the chorches in Jerom'i days ; 
 that our thefc. altars aUvth* bifl;pj|ft of tlie Ghrtftte; 
 world offcred'tke'fiicrifijrd o| the tpafs; as tK*f dp ye^ 
 
 ■ ia^'OurchiliTch)^, •/■''. ■y#«^--^*:^'A.v-''r;;'i-::^Wi-'--V'^ v'.fe "h-"'- '■■- 
 In Jeroth's defcncc.of c^iba'cy i^me iJi^ere ftf i£lures oni 
 
 Jcawjd€nf'fhWn»#rtag©-^<ca^ w||ch were 
 
 garbtetJ, and^iftortcd by the (jK%les (rf.Algiilaiititis, who', 
 preiend6^ that; hie conddtnjied matrimony |n tonimofi! 
 whhrMontanus J m^x; feef to MarceUa on th* fobjcai,. 
 ttate«-Ui;s diiRji eiiuir. IfeCwe^ 11 , ti«r"db(ftfiBonii"itaK~^ 
 Lchtirch and th^^Mprrors of Montana even whete they, 
 ^eiii; to agreci ln&#this eplftjc he. erprcfsly fays t^^-it 
 
 Chrilt 
 
 
 -J 
 
 I >. 
 
 
 >ff i 
 
 t M»i y^ 
 
f -M l\' 11 
 
 ''^14^^ 
 
 ^ "% 
 
 -iJterlft fbundcdhis cWch on Peter z^'if^the oMle fmr 
 m wbmihe Lord founded ih6 chunb^mi^^'mf^^ 
 (with the Montanifts) lnr»f he rule of feith; l^Wc place 
 #e Father, the Son, a»rf theHoIyGhdft, iach in hiy 
 own perfon, though wf unite them in fubftanite. They, 
 >^ ^i^iwng the doar^^^ of Sabellius, confine ihe Trinity, 
 * %ithmihc iiinirsof pne pcrfon;we<(crnotfoiBUchdefir'e> 
 fecond iharriagcs, as we aHoir thcmv They /think them 
 fo 0-iiXiinal, that he, who contraa$ a fecond marriage \\ 
 :^0Ught an aduUerer; we faft cine Lentm the wholq 
 %ear according to the tradition of the apoftles at a con- 
 gruous titne ; they make three Lents in the year as if . 
 f three Saviour* had fuffercd 5 not but it is lawful to fail 
 through the whole year, Benrccoft excepted j butiti$ 
 one thing to oficr a gift voluntarily, another thing tq 
 do it of neceffity ; with us bilhopg hold the place of ^:he 
 apoftles J with^ihem bifhops arc the third order : they 
 have patriarchs from Pepufa,in Phrygia, in the firft place J 
 ou the fecond order they place canons, and thus the bir 
 ihops arc thrown into the third place, almoft the laft j af 
 if their , religion was ttiorc iirilliant hccaufe what is jBrft 
 with us IS laft with them; they for almbft every fault 
 fhut the dbor^ of the church ; we daily read, <I defirc the 
 finner?$ repentance morr than his death ; and ths man, > 
 I ^:i.y<^o fallMwH-be not rjfc again, fitth the Lord, and tUni 
 ^ tome you rctttrhingfons and I will heal your convcrfi- 
 
 on/ They arc rigid, not but they commit greater fins, 
 but there is this difference between us and them, tha|; 
 they are aihamcd to confefs fins, as if they wereguilt- 
 l^fs • whilft we <te penance we more cafily obtain par^ 
 . ctonj-Iomit. , i .*! -''.-•. ^;-> ;'^- ■■'•'■'■: " '.^-,.-'' 
 From this letter we learn thai m Jerom'ff dayf it was 
 believed (hat Chrift had founded hisdiurch on Peter ; 
 that bi&ops were ^he fucceffors of the apoftles j that 
 thefaft of the Lent was of apoftolicaliuftitution ; that 
 
 fina i fft^^ 
 
 t^mial aufte r i t ies in ufc ;; iu 
 
 t word, we learn that the Chriftian world was in peice. 
 abi# poffcfli^^Bypf pbfcrving all ihcfc popifli fupcrftitions 
 
 < . anc( 
 
w 
 
 
 ' "' v^.^'.-'.'T'^"' ■''::•' ^> 
 
 and nonfisfificak ritciferw'Biful ta the iaftigator. How ' 
 ftu{^<ity ignorant he iriuft h4v^< bt^ii ip appeal to Jero.Qi ' 
 ^Df a. condenination of popcrjrl^?^^^;*^?''?^'' ; !^ ^' 
 ?*" We are now to difcufs thepafiTa^e which he cites fip^ataf' 
 Jerom's letter tc^Evagrius, p. %, ii> it Jcroni hys that* 
 a. bifitpp at Rottie, or Eugubium, Coorftanti^ople orRhe-' 
 gtum^ artt of the fame worthaBd*t%cfaniepriefthpod, ifc^'- 
 advantage of wealth and the difad vantage of poverty neiv* 
 makr. ill hiQiop lower nor higher, for they ariaU' 
 fucxdffors oi |he apoftles. Who*ever doubted if ? In' 
 that IcKcr Jerom feverely ccnfures the prefumption of 
 fome aro^-deacon»v who^ charged with the adminiftrati^^ 
 
 . pn ofthe et^lefiaftical funds, thought themfelves fuperior^ 
 ^othepriefta' who received thcar fubfiftencc frbin!* themi ■ 
 He (hews that the deacon iis inferior lo the pried becaufe- 
 the deacon i$ promoted to the order of priefthood ; that 
 the prlcft if next ia order to the biCKop, and not much 
 inferior to him i|i dignity i/^rWhit Noes thebiihop*' 
 ftys he,,*' ordination ohlyexccpted,whiCh the prieft does 
 
 ^notp That the poffcffion of wealth ntakes no diftindi-- 
 pn amoneft the c)argy, which ij literally true^ all biihops 
 afe equally bliiops, andfuperior to priedi and deacons;^ 
 whether in great cities or villages, Tht? comnicncemient 
 oCthat letter, *' we read inlfatas that £ools willfpeak 
 fooU& things,*' is ftriftly applicable to this reverend paf- ' 
 tor of a churchy in wht<-h thercis Neither Hfliop, prieft, 
 nor deacon, an4 who confidently cites, iir fuppori of 
 ,^ fpch extravagance, a letter to which thefe ordei^s arc 
 diftindly fpecified and fald to form an hierarchy fin^^ilar 
 to that of -i(he old law, that is^ that bifli«ps, priefts and 
 deacons, are in the Chrif^ian church what Aaron, his . 
 foBS and the Icvites, were irt the temple.;, * 
 
 His talent for tontradiilion is cqhfeffedly great, it is- 
 rather uqfortuhate that in the diftributioh of logical 
 
 - powers Natfire has not beeU Uberal : he fills four or five 
 
 "wiiifi 
 
 > which he 1 
 
 - ■'uf-'-j 
 
 cifations iromtir. Cyprian rto 
 tends to affix a fenfe of which Cyprian never dreamed. 
 .Ipfae writer Ip bif iatpnarks had cited GyprKm's letter to 
 
 the 
 
 .»»"^t 
 
 ■*r 
 
■^ 
 
*: 
 
 'f-^> 
 
 ■t 
 
 -, ff7^*^"* 
 
 .1 / 
 
 ' feAs aBdfcl^msrefult ftwfttlw ooly, «bw obedient. 
 Jj:*e* paid W q^ pA;^ ^Q^^ . ^ ^^ j^ ^^gj^^^J 
 
 that tberf MMo'^F,^ <rf<5<5<fortlK. tiw,. „id,«w« 
 Judgf, fo? »lw-jHp«^,dw^,„f CbsifeB, whom; If^ 
 »«»'<^« to Div^«^ ioftr^^il*, Ihe lyb* ft»teroit«fe 
 
 we.h,^«v» A, ca^^ror. .tho Bo»a» powiff^Bo^ 
 thai aw prttftc,^ whom Sit, Cypria, fpcl^. ' V^h^ 
 ««t»ly, remarks dKJflWoqcvr tothe wmer, k^Wnot/ 
 o^Wto th« wri,.,- ,h« Cypria. <poke ™,i.fenfe, i^ i««& 
 Wd JobwH and muft to l*e caftMfitor, if hi. feiritoj dfe 
 vw^tMnbasnot mfttuated bin,, that Gyprian fpoW ««, 
 fawa M»>r«^to whom aU other priefta. ,y*ro f«J,o,di, 
 
 * a':^^^^ ^'/««rw/y can %nify,,|K)tWng ejfe ;/ 
 aiultheoUigi^Mono*oh^i.„ge,ofall l,e<^ty. impert^ 
 (.bordwat,0B i «.d if .he *«wa« j.ntas'^^ XS- 
 Cjfprun^ letter uadd«&d,M«hofe See hTt?!!. X^- 
 
 ., 5* # A?«r, ai^d the ^^i tbur^, frpm wWch the 
 
 ^bomaUother, o«r* oMi»nce,who wa8,tl.afc pn. prieft/ 
 t*^whomeyentWfc^m«,po«iflFwa.fobj^? A«d t<x 
 
 «isfpintQfdjvin4ti«»« hMnbt eoaWedJrim^^to »«|g, 
 «n.y feofe tr Cypfia^V word!, but h*.&y^th, nwaS 
 
 wptds ai» fi, clearly exproffite in this p««, that lh«- 
 canno.. be^mifunderftood. fo.i* ambi^ouVexpfeffio^, 
 many of wh.«har. found in ;Ulvolu»H,o« ^„Z, ^ 
 
 viiw he feize. on a pafliga id Cyprian'. iettafcM»M»v 
 •nanus, wh,ch h« new modeb., as b» imagJ^M^Td^ 
 
 mc^ ought tobefau. "■"•r'r—'f -^rmriTmo.iH.uaui, 
 b(lliopa,w4 agreeing heirliiy loge,herJ'„ in ,hi. pafrl 
 
 

 
 ifeKgiftgry tencfe td Cyiman, coiwladw that CyfM-lan 
 meaM unity tX idottnfri, not of ^fupreme gdVi*rttifi<(Srtt. 
 He has not told m wh^t foft oiF goi?'errtttient thitf? 
 wkfch is founded iti; die unity Of^-counfcl #}Aoiitihy 
 audioraty Vcfted^in ttos pa-fon af the head of k. mt 
 iara indebted to the ereativ* iinag^uitjon bfth«^aftl|j^. 
 tor foiP'thc Idea of a govefnment wilhottt airth^«^i 
 Un«e»rtu«aft<Sly Cyprhn' does n^tftf thai epifeopal^ 
 Vernnwnt Is fofindciTM unity r hie fays that iS^j/Zr^^/^ 
 **i^Wvor,*^^r«^cf^ ii^i/J(5»tf/iv-^». ix ^ne^^y epileopittft 
 ^unu»«fti** of whkhapartiS heldli^ eaeh hifhop in fe. 
 rid«ni^ te legal term^kh th« writer cannot csprefs lit 
 
 In Cyprian*8 #6rfathttcis>ot i'fittcrrJn^hidithb 
 Roman pontirs fupi«emac:y fe otpreffed #ith iiioKe 
 ftrengih and pertjjfcikity than that to Aiitofiiahus, froftiii 
 ^hich mt eaftlgaior ^gaiWcs a pafltge ibr hii purpoftL 
 Novaiiett, 4n i^ti^qpij,. fe IMI of tWe mlfcreafllrfi 
 whofij amblri0Q,utiddr*hl5''|irtflt o# ztei for rcformat-Jtt^ 
 had diftupb<ki the peace of the ^dthole^hui'eh, had «fri^«i. 
 ^ Antonianus; then Wfliop of? Nttwidia^iiifdrtwrnghllA 
 df his pretended nUimm to the p©ittlficate, \% ^laco-bf 
 Corndiifs who had fellliii into herefy, as Notation *^<i 
 ferted» by donnjBuni^ting with Trophymus attdothtirs,^ 
 who had f*drifieed loiciols. Antoniaiwis wrote to 0§^ 
 priiiiOR the-Aftj^, dtfiring to knd^ how CoMMllli 
 had admklfld Tlro(^yitM!is to his ^otnlnijfiiort, ot what 
 hcrcfy Novatien had'imroduccd ; Cyprian, J nfeplyi 
 fliews tha« Corntlflis was duly eleftcd, irtnocenfc of lllfe 
 crini^ wiih whkh Nbvaii<jfi diargod hfiii, that he #ai 
 the tru* ^iccctfor of Peter, and his «a1umiiiator i^itrenth- 
 ftd fhoiii the communion of ihe ok«P6h t •* GorweKus,"' 
 fayshe,"wa8 madebiaiop wheh theplab: of rabi<«n,that 
 is, thr plac« of Bel«r»Md the rank, 'gradus/ of the facer^ 
 
 duiul ikm mm_ <^taNt.. . . * . 'M i# #hit you havt httt 
 told that Cornelius comofHiqfcsktts indiffcrcntty w«h aH 
 thofe,wh^ liavf fiicrlfi«d» itla » Wk rpport.iaviJiited by 
 
 .-^■:-^'K . . '•^^ _ ^ apoftates 
 
 ^' .iiiLn 
 
 
I^:v 
 
 
 m 
 
 •*.ii. 
 
 
 4 
 
 " , IpoftitM , ; i r You aflt v^liat h^rcfy Novatticn ha? iaird4 
 1duc<?4, K^pw, jQ the M pUcqj that we ovght not cp{ 
 quure What he tcachfc?^ bccaofe hie teaches Without the 
 p^c of the thiirch, * extra Ecciefiaitr.' iher'e is but 
 one church which jeAisCbrift has divided ^p^tp maoy 
 mcihbcrs throughow^ tMf wprldj aod poif cpifcopa! m- 
 .der^* epifcopatus untis/ jirhich is cxtcncicd in the n^uM. 
 .^rtc of biOiopa whom unanimity ui^hcs. koVaijen,* 
 afterthe Divine ioftituiioq, endeaVpura to foi-ih a bumah 
 4ktircb : hc^fen^.new apoftlej i<i^o many tijiei to lay 
 'm^^ foundatipns, and though there be of #. |ong time 
 paft biihops o/dained m each Protince, vcnctftWe fcr 
 tlieir age, for the integrity of thef r faith, ahd their ^on- 
 ftancy in pcrfccutipn, he dare* to create othtr falfe 
 blflH^s/\; p ,,,. ^ ,, - ,a:JK.'' }.-/ .v.fi:, >«i:* , 
 Gyptiii^ cdntrafts xhk hutnaft chufcht of Novatieif 5 
 iqycniioni with tlic pnc chureh irtf Jcfu« Cbiift cmcuftcd 
 to fhc cir^ of Cor»eJiiu>. , JVfrveover thi$ ami-popeijn^ 
 ^ tended (0^ <t€potc all ihcr hSflipfji in the different ^ 
 vinces ^Jlo rcfufed tO acknojWledge bkn, ahd^ to create 
 iWihopg tn their Bead, k iiras iherefdre the aclajow. 
 kdgcd right pf the true Pope tci dcpofc bifliofHi ?for diit 
 phcdience apd eontirtnaey, and fubftillite others,?/ or tiftig 
 4f tftil intrig?ior wouW nofc attempt j^ i „:; -5/-i!^)^ ^ 
 V,. In wMt that unity of the cpifcopa! govcrriinept con^ 
 ^1 ^ypri»n explains, with accurate precifion^ .|it v W* 
 tf«atife on the mm qf the church. Ue-begioa bj^ fibew- 
 ing th? fourcc of fchifm an<t here% ?** thiai happens," 
 %8he, "becai>CcTfcc^uffci« not had to tht Jource of 
 irutb, becaufe the Hiad h not fought» bccauie the doc* 
 trine of the fieavcoly Mafter it not obfcrvcd/' He then , 
 i(ngos tU^Mti^^Mftmb, thi» Htad : " Chrift Aid to Pc* I 
 ter, * thou kit a rock, aixl on this rock I wiH build rtsy / 
 church/ He built his church m one^ and though after ' 
 hisrerurreaion he gave to all his apoftles equal power^ 
 
 m. 
 
 Jbt (in i tXikc cftat 
 
 -»8d- 
 
 I ;***• fpiirM of unity by making it dcfcend from one, 
 
 ■\i-"'^'-''';- ■ -■•',. - ' , ■. they 
 
 .4r-*'' --i*. '-•»*' 
 
 iV 
 
^^ 
 
 tticf partook of ttid fame power, the fame honoiir 5 twit 
 thd beginning is from unity : the frimacywz% given tq 
 ipelcr, to it^eW.that there 13 but, one churcli of Jefiis 
 fchrift, and Wtf chair* All arc ihephcrcli, t|icrc is but 
 'one ftoc|;, /pkiph all the apoftles ou^htto feed with one 
 accord .^.\ • • The epifcopa! order. // 0/}^ of which c;aci| 
 iafhophoidsa portion in folidum," ^~*^ 
 
 To give his readers a corj-eAidea of the Unity ol the 
 ch,urch» to wnjch the linit)^ of the epifcopal order is in- 
 difpenfablc, Gyprian cpmparcsftto itrec, tap branchci 
 of whi(;h>re United in the root ; tolight, all the rays of 
 %hich are urtited in the/ fun, the fource of light; to. 
 [ many ftreams of water £io\ifing from thfc fame fpring | 
 \ (icncc it follows that all fpiritiial pow^ersj in the epifcopal 
 Wdcr^l^te radically in the chair of Peter ; that fron^ it 
 
 Me powers of th^t order fl^owas th6 Waters from* 
 Irce j ihat in it all other epifcopal f;hairs are uni- 
 ted; as the branehcs of tlve tree arc unitecIJntfee toot, 
 from which they rcceW the nutritious juices. If a 
 branch be Separated from the root, it miili from al! the 
 Other Ranches : for it is iiithfe root and not cltewher«f 
 that alt the branchci of the tree unite : hence it follows 
 that if ftri epifcopal]3ee be feparatcd from the Sec of Peter, 
 it is from another Sec^ in the church, and is no part nor . 
 portion of Ine one church of Jefiis Chrift founded on 
 Peter,, and tl^oiigh ttc See of Peter lie hut a paVt of^thc 
 churcl^,.ii^ It which givci life and cncfgy to th# 
 %hol^, as th^ root, though but pwt of th? tree, fup^ 
 ports the whole tree, and conveiys riutrittous juices to ill 
 the branches* • ,/ \ *, 
 
 >*♦ ItwiUbfcgfanted," lays t|ie cj^fti^ktor, p.iB, '^thai 
 Cyprian emails the church of liomf the S«^ of Pet^, zni 
 the principal church from which *the unity of the prieft- 
 hood lirifes.^* lie then fills a pagjc with a pipage in 
 Which Cyprian eomiiUins 6f an appeal to Rome, and 
 
 ere 
 
 ftysthntcvc^ypcrfon's ciii^ fliould be examine 
 
 the crime fs^comtnitted, Ulen^ coTfcludes tha^ Cypriaa 
 
 calling tfc, church of kome the principal cktwBVawi 
 
 Si 
 
■he Jprfeg of iacerdotal unityj dicJ hot inten^^tQ ^^ 1 
 .ii^y/fimrcigacj to thePoJ^" ^ hisSec. To this cxtrabrdi 
 Iff? *ff *>*°n ^*^« ^'•»^ *«Msc« no reply :^ h^ thinks h4 
 leboirc or fcajjbathing itiay be ufefiil : there is fomcthin* 
 of m^ne^ In it. Aftet^, ttie caftigatof Jias tafccn a. fe\^ 
 dofes of hencbore fo pijr^c hjs brain, let him conjutt 
 '"W^ fchopUboy, who wjU tell hill) ffiat prWipai an4 
 lubdrdiMtt are cbrrcjatlves; ; that when one ifprinv 
 1£ipil ilI,iot|icr8 muft b<^ fubprdinate j he will ajfp tj^.^ 
 Iiim that,theftreaii)i^ xiependcot on thefbirini, not ihk ^ 
 
 I^^e,ne^l pi^ fee giyc^ t^ite paflagi& which the wdtl 
 . ^?*.«!?<! from <:^ypriap's ti^alifc on tiie nnity of th^ 
 i^rch, otttittin^ fbnie ientcnce^, wluch, the author of 
 his i:epert<)ry cjiofc to f^i'^et, and, them with unbluihin| 
 ' ^9nfi^^°ce tells this writer, thiit if *h^ thinks Cyiprhl 
 '^^ church of Rome th^ principal cjiurch, in ex. 
 tlujion of all others, hp isa/lran^r to the doarloe taughi. 
 ii^^thepripiave church. If he will difmifs that fpirtj; 
 of dif i^tion, whict dup^s tim fp incetfantly , and cOn- 
 folt CyprianTworks, he Will fi^d thit venerable prelate* 
 of thi? primitive timcsv profcflcdty demohftraiing* that the 
 Mtilty of Chrift'schurch-refts^on thecpifcopal chair of Pe- 
 rer ; that in itall other churche8,the lategraot parts of thai 
 ^ ^'^^If? **"« ^^^^^? »« ^*ic branches of the tree ih th^ 
 j^v WP'^^^^^cw but one church, bUIJbbc principal 
 ^, the root, frpni wjhich all fubordini^fees derive' 
 mtir fpiritual powers^'as the branches draw their fub-i 
 ftftertce from tlje root, or as the flreiihs of ^tcr flow 
 from tkt fotjntaio, and ihUprimipat^.^hUStefffitr^ 
 ;||calls tfjc Church of Rott?e, and what may ap^ir ej^^ 
 :%9rd!n4ry,thcca0iigator admitsitV« it Will be grant- 
 cd,' he Ciys, p. 8tv** that dvpriaH S//r tbecBuHbif 
 Horn tht Stt rfPeUt^ lBe.jbrwaMi ihunb Ji-oM vtkid^^^^ 
 
 < ^;,r 
 
 iiypi^ars d,iput« with pe|^ Stc^htsn }* tfce rebap. 
 
 . tif^i«n Of fc^iaries, invalldtits all iSathe has written 
 
 fn^thcpitinacy of the Ro^iUb «|ur^b^ tf we bdicvc thd 
 
 ' > * icaftigator 
 
i. 
 
 igion, that IS, J^ypyiaii^ ilOt aicqWefcc la tfie fppc*$ 
 pnioi^,: |Ii(jrcfofc Bedidf'iibj, Jj^ic^e Aim flkctttior ^d. 
 ;t, Pitu^ ii(^r his See, the principjii S«k^ %^?jN^ ar| 
 
 f jyafoning had l^ij ncwTiio^^rt^ li^ thoi#^- 
 
 ji»^ir'««»k.^'i._ Jill'' '^ . • "iv^ *" ' •« ^itr .»:~ " ^' 
 
 jrtvVijp;pnr- ^"* — 
 
 iAk, himf 
 
 ,^inion, bc-_ ^ .._ „ _^ 
 
 aMcc remarks, ji, ao4. Iti^uiy ibt fe 
 l^rm the readier that, m that celebrated contrbyer^ Stei 
 lieDV^Qftrin^^as. apoftoUcsiJ, aod KisaAflKcwity xn- 
 forced it ^Cypfftn's qpimoi^ wa intipdic^ by ; 
 
 ^18 predcccfiTor A^rippinus, as fuch was corideto^d* \ -; 
 A defence pCSjcphpn'sdofStrin^vfrittea at tiaitu^ ^ '*• 
 jnd yctextant, wof irrefifti6l4fcrciagalna afl rcfom-^ 
 Ills ; ** th?j-e wouW be," ^yg that writer, "lip difputc tf 
 each of us would reft fatisficd with theJ|Utkority of ill 
 churc^ J *nd.obfcrving;^^th'o maxim$.of hi^jiiility hiake' 
 i»a af tcni^' to innovate : for whatc^r is doi^tH if ii 
 Se judged conjfrary tor theahden^uls^c of afl bur My 
 prcdcccffors. ojigiit to bbreldi^^ n^ 
 taibcc^.from nqvelty. biit that ipn^eindivicWalta vaunt. 
 ^ by ignprant, and im:onfidcfite,p^]gc, as having pbr- 
 reacd, the terrors rf all^ chjirchcs. In ^i all ^rics 
 agree, th?kjpfolatioflt. i# |o &ew;ilat Acyarcnbt* 
 ' JP^ e^lfMH^^*^ ^^^ Ault. aitt^thdf ^c ftudy 
 
 ^^"^^"^^^^^^'"^^^^ iwnc^ 
 
 m?^ ^ftc caTiiSN^^'^ihcw tie deft^iii flifrco. 
 JMring of this pidure. His invedive^ :|gaipft popes, 
 ^ginning with, ^%tx ; arti,lh| abufe wMc* he fo U- 
 berally bellow* on mpnks an^ dlSci' *^w^^^ of 
 
 whppi he knows nothing, ^c the cb#i'tiiM^cf Ms zc^\ 
 they ar^ noj to be claflcd witb the caiumUus mifopi? ' 
 [; fentaUons of. which that aiyjentiwrit '' ' --' ' 
 
 \-J 
 
 
 Xhe (citations jfrom the woi- 
 
 

 >y 
 
 w,- 
 
 i^cll tlie, vglujme ;^ they make a difpls^y 6^ upcommoi^ 
 wtfdito ;, they introdiipe ariti^^^^ an ofd and favor, 
 ite theme." ^ |iis fpiric of divinatibin forgot to remind 
 him tb^t thefe paff^g^s are'flrongly tj^u^fcdwltli* papal 
 |ujrtrcmacy^^^ \vC the \firft palTageip^d, Gregory fays : 
 ^^* tho%h ih^fcWerelWefalapoftlcs iheVe i§ but owi op^J- 
 
 of 
 
 ^c^ I in ^ieXandrUi V^^ere It twas^ijndad by his dift 
 ^^plc Markj and |n ^ ntiod&i^ Where li^ rcfid^^ himlell 
 feven years :" thefe wieird the ohjy patriarchal Sees 
 which antiquity, knew, and Gregoty knevy no other ; 
 W, as wc|l as Cyjirfair, thought the See of Peter th^ 
 iburce of ficerdotal urtity \ an4 as Peter had founded the 
 $ce of Antioch immediately by himfelf , ind the Sec oj 
 Alexandria by his difciple Mark, thefe Sjpes heconfidcr- 
 cd exclufivcly as apoftolical ; but as Peter dl<i not tranf- 
 fer^to Evodius, whom on his dcparture/rom Antioch, 
 he appointed .to gq;^ern that Sec, hdr to Mark', who by 
 hii appointment governed the See 6f Alexandria, whilft 
 he himtelf governed the Roman S^e, his own coromiin- 
 pn of fc<iding' Chrifl's flock, in wHi^h thefe prelates, 
 and the pebpfp t|iey gbverncd, were Jnchided, iVcjUhcr 
 ihe See, of Alexandria nor of Antioch was ever called the 
 
 trinciput JSee; ' tii^6 
 fervcd fdr tJip \^, 
 mortal career. 
 
 itle was re- 
 
 clofbd hi9 
 
 tp the fui^ 
 
 We ar^ocxtfjjvdfcd^^abQgcjTiot^tibn.'in which 
 .^rcgory fcvercly centres JiaJm, patriarch o^ Conf^anti- 
 n6p1c,'j|(r affumipg' the titk'of univWfai bijhop, followed 
 by an ebctraft from the' pontiff*d letter to Eulbgius, pa- 
 triarch of Alessandria, in Svhlch ftl? rcfufeg that title o/- 
 fcrc4 by the pj^triJitcli, and '(^!tl| lilni his brotlicr. If 
 
 ^B3!3^p^liT>yc^!i^^buf^rN 
 tempt, the writer would exprefs his fiirjprife at feeing fo 
 pany quotations^ in which thecxcrcifodfthcpdntift- 
 
 ' ■■'■ :" / ' . - '■ ^:' --/'r' '■'' .."^^-ii^;.""-.' ::."•■ col 
 
■ .'-y^jg 
 
 irt 
 
 a 
 
 §49 
 
 K- 
 
 i? arguments againft it Gregory cenforetj the patri- 
 ai^ch of Conftantinople in ftrong terms' ISr affiuming a, 
 title, which did not belong Vto him in any fenfe ; a title 
 which he himfelf, and his predeceffors, when pfFfcred in 
 thp CouncU__of Chalcedon, and in one fen fe, Welt 
 foundcdrHid^n^tiake, becaufe it might be underftood 
 in the fenfc int?nde^ by this haughty prelate, to con- 
 line the priel^iood to one bifliop in exdufion of all 
 others, a ferife in which the title did not belong to the* 
 patriarch, nor to the pontiff, nor to any other prelate 
 pn eartti. Thus Gregory begins his letter to that patri- . 
 ;irch) y* you Jcnow lyhat' peace you found in the V 
 chu^clics, and j do ftpt khdy on what motive you pre-y 
 tend to aflume a new name capableofbffehdihg all your 
 'brethren j Vhat- aftonlflies me Js, that you defired to 
 avoid t^iffpifcopal dignity, and pow you Intend to em- 
 ploy it, as ffybu had fought it through ^mbition. You 
 ' ficclared yoliffelf unworthy the i^me of bifliop, and now 
 you defire to bear the name alone. My predeceflbr Pe- 
 lagias wrote you * a ilrong letter op the fubjea ; he 
 quafhed the ads of the Council,' which you held in the 
 <:aufe of our brother t|ie bifhop Gregory, and forbid the 
 ^rch-de^cob, his nuncio, neai; th6 emperor, toajfift at 
 ttiafs with you. Since J have been called to the go- 
 
 gurch, I ^ave ditecled my nuncios to 
 
 "^Jmw ptd^r the dejicon Sabinien. 
 
 6e lightly toiiched by the hand 
 
 ' oray -y6u, t conjure you, 1 
 
 f^ricTs,' that you will refill 
 
 Vernment 
 
 fp(iak t 
 
 Yet ieca 
 
 before the j 
 
 reqiicft with 
 
 tljelc flatterers,' 
 
 gance and prided P^'^^ P" know, that t^e Council 
 
 of Chakedon o|fe|!ecf tpt honor to the bifhops of Rome, 
 
 calling them univirfal ? Yet not one of them wp^ld re- 
 
 ceive it,kft hjli houid feegj to attribute t^himfelf 
 
 i1^ you a name AiU of extravai- 
 
 Ify 
 
 aTone tfie cpr/lfop^ dignity , and take it; from all his Iwrc^ 
 ^lireft," .■^.Vtib.iv. Kpis. 38;%* W-^'^;--^^'^ -^ -Vv^-'^^ 
 
 ^1% hi$ letter tq Sabinien, the nuncio.- he informs him, 
 
 ■■■■•■ f-:'-^, , V. ;-..(/ ■,- .,,,"- ,S -. , 1, ; ■: ., that 
 
' ' ' * * - • - ^ 
 
 Oia^ % ^trf^ch Had: artfully «ijga^ th^ empccor t©| ' 
 y write to T»mfe^ to countenance that- prelate's pretenfi. 
 . qn : •* he feopes,»*. %s he, '5 to authorifc hU vain preteifS 
 ' 1^ « ^ *»ftcn fo thft emperor, and ijE I do pot to irritate 
 theieinpcror aga^nft: nicybur I walk b the ftfait path ana' 
 fear but God alone," Lib. iv. Ep. 39, In hi/anfwer ti 
 the einperor he fays ; » th,e condu(ft and priWy pf the^ 
 wHolc chui[ch ws^jgiven tp Pft^, yet he is jiot caliedL 
 mverfii af^ie, Europeis^yen up tpliarbar4ahs,tkciti<3 
 ^rc dearoyed^fortrcOfes ruined, provinces ^ic raVagedl; 
 the lands a?c wafie, idolatops ar^ mafters of the lives oH 
 thcfeitHful^ and bifhpps, who ought; to lament proftrat^ 
 waaics,f<?ck new titleslo^botent their vanity. Isitmy^ 
 particular caufe whkh I defend ? Is it not the cai^' oi 
 Ood^dof theuniveriaUhurcli ? We kaow^ that mny ' , 
 bMIlops of ConC^antinople have been not only hereticg-^^ 
 butherejiarchs, as Neftorius ind Macc(^oni^s, if there- 
 fore Iw, w|w> fills that *See, were t^iver/al bijhoj^ x\m 
 yholechurch would fall with hiin. For me, I ai^ th^ V 
 WmA of aJ|bi(hops, whilft they live as bifhops . . .'. ro 
 obey your orders i have written, to him with mildnef*^ 
 ^d huHiiJity, if he hears me, he fliaU have^iimei: 
 brother en^reJy dejKOtcd, if not he will have for advcr?^ ' 
 %y Km* T^fho rfcfilfe the proud/* iv £p. 32. 
 
 This title which Gregory's predecefl^rs did not ail 
 fume, thoi^h offered in the Counc;il ofCycedon, h<!^; , 
 himfclf rejeaed, when, offered by^gjjfc^^^^ theit 
 patriarch of Alexandria, the moftj^^f^P^us pre- 
 late of th« day. Fronjtheextg^^HRJ/qjtptcdby 
 *e aftigator, p. 93, Jt appSlP^lipilogips thouglMt 
 Gregory had given him an oi^i- li^ifbrmer Ict^?;. • It/ 
 Bauft have^ been a r^queft, wMc| coming irom his fupe- 
 nor, Eulogius confidcred as an' order* He therefore 
 atknowjcdgcd Gregory's fpiritUal. jurl^aion ovW the 
 6<» of .Alexandria, the fccond Sec, apitriarchal S^ of 
 tl>gjggft„sxtsnfivft i.n rirdit^inn>. w life C o nft inttti^^ 
 
 was yet fubjca to the metropontiin Sec oiTlFlftracleah . 
 "But Gregory (ky^ that he did not command hiin,drfit 
 
 ft 
 
 .?>^ 
 
 

 
 Jl. 
 
 S 
 
 
 liim in rank his brodicr, in manners Us fathfer/' What 
 ^hen ? The iruKif^y whichhe rccpitnmeiided to dthcrs,hl 
 praAifcd. But will this cafti|4tor pretend ^at Eulogius 
 did hot think Gregory hii fuperior > That ^ did not 
 think him fuperior to all other' prelates when M called 
 him unkerfal fopf I Or will ht pretend that the paf- 
 %e, a$ cited by himfelf, does not contain conclafive 
 ^ideiiccx)f Gregory's wmerfal jurimiaibiJ ? He fzfst^ 
 Euld^us,: *^.n9ffiih^ dn ndou^ tci mxh^tuit^ wBicA an^ 
 ^ms to t^Monour fffffiy ^rttifriiu f pia^e m^ honour i» 
 naintainini them m ib^ir^** Is riot this the lariguage of i 
 man vclicd w^th authority to fupport all biihdps in their 
 refpeaiv^ ranks? Is this caftigator fp pcryerfely obftf- 
 tiate 6r fi[>cra27 ai|^depy it. :.^^^^^^^^^^ ^ • ' 
 : !ln imitation or other jjrophets tn thcfe refbrmf ng 
 , times, who run without being fent, the caff igator pro- 
 ^^ bounces the immediate deftru£fion of popery. A> true 
 difdjilc of John Knox, he exultinglydefircs the wri- 
 l^r to caft his' eyes on^trhat i^ <;alled the Chriftian world, 
 . a^d obferve if the proteftant iotercft br papal authority 
 he in the moil detlining cotiditibrt, p. 94^ Thfc writer 
 has to lailicnt thedeftruaion of the human fpecie8,irt 
 many Catholic States, effeded by the late revolution in 
 furqpe, confcffcdly the wqrk of Oiir lateft reforroiftsi 
 -^ehasalfoto lament that this dcftruiaion was not cin- 
 i^^d (^Catholic Siaei excluftvely, fome PToteftant States 
 ;<)a the d^ntiqa^iiarcd the lame fete. Thisis no fii^." 
 -^ jea of eS^ltatio^f not to the emiflarics of Abaddon^ 
 '^hc enemy: of ftiari: if by thepli^flant intereft, the 
 ci^ftigator undetftandlNlhe eftabliihedCharcfrof England, 
 the writer begieav€ to inform him, that the Catholics of 
 the United Kingdom took with horror and difmay 011 
 , the breaches, whu^ ar^ dai^y making in that National 
 ^"^"re by^ the cafegato r's friends, eothuatfts and fa- 
 =*«*fe8-©f=^i^5rcirt-d6fenpfioHsrff^^ 
 if once cftaWiflKid, cathc^ics have every thing to feat* 
 imd,nothk)p;to cxpcd. Ifc has alfo to remark to Mm, 
 that this fiirit of divination, which the caftigator has 
 . '■■ :■ ■. '^■■•^:- ■.,. ':-^.::.,-: .^ /.fdoliflily 
 
 .% 
 
fooHihly iniftaken for a rpirit of prpphccy^ is ; i i^ 
 
 -*'• - for the papal authority in fpirituals/ the only authoi 
 
 nt 
 
 ritywhkh the pppe of I)ivlne right arid inflitution poffe/"- 
 
 ies, wasneyer more ^xtenfive, more limverfally acknow- 
 
 TeBgcdjnor morefirihly eft?ibliftied,than on the. prefcnJtday^ 
 
 If the ca^i^tor does not know it, it is becaufe he knows 
 
 iibthin^ of the prefent ftate of the Chriftlan world. If 
 
 'lie looks to the £ift and "\^eft- to the l^crth atid^otith. 
 
 Be ^ill fee to hi$, grfcat aftommment, i.nil no fti.all 
 
 Riojrtification, the^ kingdom of '|efiis Ctirift, that is' the 
 
 catholic churcHjtompofcd pf pa&ors in regular fucccfli. 
 
 ..on jfiiicethc apoftlds days, and iKe'^r rcfpcdi^?^ portions 
 
 ©f the flock, in fomc countries ih fpicndpur, in others 
 
 dcpreffcd, biit in all nitionjs yifible^ as it was fronii thf: 
 
 commencement, literally verifying fcl^c promife o^ ^eiul 
 
 Chriii, that lie hin^felf would be witli the patftors of hi^ 
 
 ehurch, teaching all nations to the cxtrefriitiea of the 
 
 earth, arid (a the end 6f time, Matt. xxviL i g. 2d, 
 
 tvj&illt ephemeral fe^lSi f^ddenly etnefging as if frofn the 
 
 lfc|jjons of darknefs, pafe like > meteor and then difag: 
 
 pear, or lik^ Hies, which buzz in t^efun-fHine, fall, ahcl 
 
 are h^ird of no more. Spm^ iitindrcds have already 
 
 pa^ed intp ofcliyion^ and ir we niay judge fcy apalogy, tl^f^ 
 
 ^e fate awaits thetn^ll. r "' » ■^; 
 
 .!jFrom his fpirit of divination, ho doubt, he hi^ l^arjfc 
 
 cd that St. John called the church of Rbtiiej founded 
 
 by the apoftles J*e,ter and Paul, and then gbverned t)y 
 
 pallors of thdr imn^ediate in{litUti|i|i;j^atyIon. Men 
 
 who judge by the iii^of common icnfc think that thcf 
 
 cvangelill fppke of the Rofaai|j|oipirc. of which thai 
 
 city was thcp the capital^ and roiftrefs of the civilized 
 
 world. Againff this idolatrous city the apoftlc dcnoUOf 
 
 ^ced the l^ivine .vengeance, and hi^fedi£libn has bee^ 
 
 literally verified. Near the clofe oHhc foiirih century^' 
 
 the Huns, the Vandals, the Goth's, %pd other barSarianl!; 
 
 TTad niccdfltveTy raVapdnt^ 
 empire, Germany, Gaul^ Spain, Italy and Africa. TK| 
 Lomb^irds had eftablilhed tlictnfclves in Italy, and the 
 
 , . '-'■ '^- ■ ■ Go,thi, 
 

 .^^ 
 
 bothsia Spain. The foldiers of tMs Jaftiiatfen, ^W 
 hadfci'l^ed id the Romani artnics, fpfpeacci of being 
 ifecrctly in thie Intcrcft of Stiliccin, after fcis d'cim 
 were harffiljr treated t injoroe towns their wiv<?s ani 
 childrcM* were pUt to death, and their poffeffionS 
 fcoofifcatlcd contrary b the public faith which had bcctt 
 pledged. Enraged at this infraftion of a foteittn treaty^ 
 they united under Alaric* thie inoll: powerful and war- 
 like of their chiefs. He conduced them tci the gates of 
 Ronie. It is faid of him by Socrates arid Sotonien, that 
 on his way he. had faid; that ifc Was hot \if his oW^ 
 ^ovcment, but that ibmeilrinfif prcfled hidi ind to^ 
 bented hirti faying : go and jjillage Home. Hebe*' 
 licged the city fo-cloicly that both famine and peftilcttcc 
 began their ravage^* In that extremity the Heathen 
 ienators thought it nece&ry tb IkcriSce ofl the caf)itol 
 and in the othet temples. The Tufcan foofchfaycrs 
 jJromifed to ohafe the barbarians with thunder and 
 lightening, but Vulcan had teafed to forge the bolts, 
 and Jupiter's thunder was heard no more. His goldeil 
 goblets proved more cfieaual. Alarlc agreed t6 i-itfc 
 the fie^c oh coitidition that the city would furnifli fiVc 
 thoiifand pounds of gbld, thirty thoufand pounds of fil- 
 ler, four thoufind tunifcks of filk, three thoufand hidedj 
 of afcarlet die, and three thdiifarid pounds of pc|iperi 
 As the money was not in the treafury, the citiicfli^ 
 tver^ taxed; the orojiments of th^ temples, and the idofe 
 of gold and -"filver were melted down to fupply the 
 deficiency. Zozimus, the heathen hiftoriin, laments the; 
 Icftruftion of the idols j he complains that fmce the idol 
 jfthegoddeft of virtue was m<#edd6wn, virtue itfelf 
 ^Jis extinguifhed in/tl/e br^afts of the Romans. The in- 
 telligent reader need not be ^Id that, the Heathens dcifi. 
 i;d virtues as well a«f ita. This was but the commence 
 ^"t of that puni i hment, which Divine juftice had prc> 
 "™-ed for £Bsndolai[rou8 dty, Wwhich temples were 
 
 ereded to pretended Gods, more vicious than the in 
 /atuated morub who adored thcirit /""* '• 
 
.^^,u« 
 
 
 my. 
 
 h% 
 
 ''H 
 
 
 2;';.v"v^C 
 
 •.'*«*■• 
 
 Aiaric accpfdmg lo agreement drew off kis troCps $ 
 hut ibon after, tai^ng offence at fome imprudent ex- 
 preffionsqf jovius prefeftoJPltalyjin a conference wit|i 
 jii^, he refumed ^liefiege, obliged the Romans to declare 
 Atialus^ one of fiif creatures, em{)er6r, and in thecourfe 
 of the fame year 3epofed him. Not long after, wfiilft 
 ti'eatmg with the emperor Honorius,Saru8, a barbarian 
 chieft^iil, allied to the Romans, Turprifed Jome of his 
 ibldiers,, and cut them to ^)icce4. Alaric, full of indig- 
 nat ion^ broke off the treaty, returned to Jtonje, tecom- 
 tnenced the fiege, took the city by treacheiy on the 
 a4th of Auguft, 410, in the 1 164th year of its founda^ 
 .l^n ; gave it up to pillage, yet, in rcfpecl to theapof- 
 Se Peter, he ordered the church called the Vatican to be 
 t .place of refuge. "St. Jerom dcfcribcs this tragical event 
 in his letter to Principia : " a terrible report,*' fays he, 
 ** is come f<om the Weft that Rome was. befiegcd j that 
 the Safety of the citizens M^as purchafed with gold j that 
 fpotled, they were again bcCeged,and that after having loft 
 their aHi they loft their lives. Voice fails] Sighs interrupt 
 WQrtis! The city as taken /which tbok the world, It 
 pefifhed with hunger before It pc^tfhed with th6 fword j 
 few were fb^ihd to be taken | ^^i^^$ of h|jnger feized 
 .on food, wfcich is not to be. nan|||fe^e mother did hot 
 iparc the infant at her breaft . ^r'i^^p can defcribe 
 the ravages, the maffacres of that'filghtl^^ho can equal 
 his fbrrows With his tears J Tlfe^ncient city falls ; the 
 dty -which had reigned fo man.y yefl|rs 1 Lifelefs bodies are 
 fcattered without number ^on ilie ways, and the image 
 o£.de^th in the houfes.** This .tremeiidous puniihment, 
 which St. John deiiounccd atgainft idolators, who had 
 tinged the whole earth with the blood of Chriftians y 
 who had made the moft ftrcnuo|^ and perfevering ex* 
 ertions, during four fucceding ages, to exterminate 
 chriftianit)^ a^nd_which, when the me afurc,of th eir inir 
 quity was fiifl, the Divine juftice Jid infliiflin the moC 
 terrible manner. The caftigator, in his new modelled 
 2eal, exult3 in the hope of feeing it renewed oA Chrif. 
 
 tians 
 
>^ 
 
 -«,-*l 
 
 
 tJsins.. The writer vcntorps to afftre hinj that,, however 
 alarming; this puni^pent may appear, a puni&ment in- 
 finitely greater, andof greater duration, id referved for 
 tjiefe, ^ho und(;r the mal^ oC religious zeah fill the nninds 
 of the uhinfocinsd with rancorbui prejudices againit: 
 their brethren^ "Six thinga God hat^, the feventtt 
 is'the.abooiinatiba tiC. his foul," that is, they whftfov? 
 rfifcord amongft the bret)iren, Pro. Vt; i6i He inay^- 
 exult^wi|h; per tail) ty in the hope of feeing this piirilfli. 
 meht infli£);ed in due tlip^,^ an^ coilfole himfelf iPorhis 
 ^rniec 4ifappbintine^r* 
 
 This antircKriit 
 but in the 'ima 
 aneccflkry, jnft 
 tiure, which our 
 nedeifary to their 
 
 modem, invention, w^ichexifts 
 [of fools^ and fanatics, has been 
 forn>ing that elaborate ftrucw ' 
 (rmifts r2ufed, and he is eoualljf 
 [coeffprs for the £uppprt of its ifctcrt/ 
 ing reir-ains :, \[oflius, a learnedapd unprejadiced'pro* 
 teftant, w^o wa|. ia cwpr hjit through the accident ic^ 
 . his birth* and who irv^H his, writings had truth in viitw, 
 difgufted ajt theviolenj dccbn^ations Mthichinceffantl^ 
 affault^^, his ears,^ from the diffilrent pulpits !n Holland, 
 in wbi<il| notfeingjWiiSr heard/but inye^ives againft the 
 ^;>^, ' the anti-chrijh thc< J^n ofpirditlsn^ fib. and the 
 Romifh. cH,urch^ ihs Buhyicm^ the ^eaf *wh9re, as th^is 
 (^(ligatpr mbdeftly tratiOates^ a&ed one'of the mitiifteo' 
 why h^ did nol chuf^/fome. o^r fubjeft for the iii. 
 . ftruftipQ 0^ the I^epple^ tq, wwBrthe minifter repfie^, 
 that if tli<?' pcoi:^e were^ot taught to believe that the 
 .pope is anti chrift, th^y t^fould; Jili tijrn-pap 
 The minifter*! opinion^, wai better founded than Voffiiis 
 thpught it : for if ^t. be truej that the pope is not aiiil- 
 chrili, it is Ihierefor^ true, that Luther and all his broT 
 therrcformifb werjt impoftors, and their difciples and 
 fucceffors aTe du^^s, that theit new-fangled fyftem is 
 founded cf«i manlfeft impofture, in ftippprt bJF which no 
 
 
 ,i; r |Y » 
 
 MupaUit 
 
 lOTiate anoc^flttitci 
 would xi^ his r^|iutation, much lefs WffKfvation. Thfe 
 ^-Kader i^ refcr/ed to Paftbrinis's hiftory of the chniftian 
 
 ;/ * *>' '■^.- -vi' ""^ " -: — /*■»■',.'■' xliarcb, 
 
 / 
 
 /. 
 
 '^^^ 
 
 ,^.-* 
 

 
 
 
 . 'H 
 
 "/. 
 
 T 
 
 -lAutch : in it he Will «nd the true 9harai!ler o£ th^ 
 - antKhrift defcribcd by the apoftlitri, as oppofite to th^ 
 fended anti-chrift of the epicurean monk, andhis afl^- 
 fociitcs, as the licentiously of their pretended ^ofpcf 
 ^to th^ ieverity of the gc^clc^ Jeii^s Chrift. Cloling. 
 >s prctcrided prpofip a^ain(i t^ fuprcmacy, adduced 
 trom Gre§or^*s works, tfyi caftigator, whofe mem©ry 
 * inlays the truant at times, ca)l$this ponliff : learned and 
 jndichfui, andaImoftintbtfatnefchtence„^dds,„thatUlcc 
 . inany other ignorant and well meanmg fnfons he happcneci 
 to ftumblc on trmlf. . Thus this icribbling caftigitor, 
 yho never ftumblc? on truth, with one ftrokc of hi^ 
 pen, converts^ s^ learhfid and judicious nu^^ into '^an /^««r. 
 fani tnd well meaniris man, who happens toftumhl^on 
 
 ; Intbnext.chapter^ p. 96, hcintroduceVthptcinpo. 
 sTAl authority claimed by fowic popcf/ Jhis part of the 
 fuprpmacybe fay^ is HuiirefUy deniid by tht writer, tht^ 
 gttOttf from his Remarks, p- 7a, a long paflk'ge,- in I 
 whfehlt is aOcrted: /^ that Mr. BurkAa/Oiewnin J 
 ^ ^S tetUrof Inflruaion th^t thp pope does not poflcft an * 
 . atom of civil authority, or tcmpotkl jurifdiaion , beyond 
 J^ the tcrri^prici which iegovcrn^ a$ 1 temporal prince;" 
 ^fliishp calls attempting t$ diny it \ndireaiy J and in this 
 \Mirea denial, his fpirit of diivination difcovcrs an htfinu' 
 mim that popes formerly made np fuch claim. . M he 
 ^ had not been •nfatuated by his lyinjr fpirit, he might 
 like other Jft§rani and well meaning men,/ometimes^mble 
 ' ## ^'•"^A ; he might have- feen in theVriter'f yordi., not 
 . ^ inijnuation that fomc pope? did. Mt claim a temporal 
 ;*5#^^»on» but thccontraryi?»anu4tion,tiat they did. 
 ■'J^**c had read the >vork which he pretend^ to refuse, 
 % would have found not an infinuation, but a pofitive 
 ,*°i thitforoc popes did claim a tem^oi^l jurifdiAi- 
 
 '^#^'— Review; p, f ii Mid i dirca denial of any tern- 
 porat^ifdiej|)n whatever Wing vetted in thepopfe as 
 
 fir/^ 
 
 ^^^ 
 
 il^jf^ 
 
 
.;« 
 
 .. ;>-. 
 
 ' / 
 
 *' 
 
 l|> 
 
 . . f 
 
 '^ lecn ^cftaljlH|w<i in %x, B's- Lcttci* c»f ItjftruAiohi p. 
 
 , ■%%; '^^ • ii» ?i?ot bjr cQs^rfe ihtveftivaj but by conclufive 
 fcafohmg/ His extra^of Wftory (bewliig that popes^ 
 jcftibliflied >ib|i^? ^fcl^ ^"<* dethroned <it^<tili, only 
 prpi^cs tl^ poji^^cre jdways thbug;bt fupcrl^r to ali 
 pth^rptell^es, aiid that attimes eitc^diii^ |tb%j«gy(|ien 
 .;'tk)fl, jyhich they were known attd^ iioivcrfally ^dc^ow. 
 led^gibd to 'poJBeJsi beyond Its* due liipil^, thry made eii* 
 icroachifnent:s, oil the tcmporarjun||^6itonofprinces, which 
 they liievcr di4 of divJne rigjht poffeft ; btit iwhl<fh they 
 flight ^ a#yt tlUne. obtain from the common confi-nt if 
 princies and people, }ft %hotn all tciinpora! juriidiaioji 
 and civil authority ig originally veftcd by the atithoi; of 
 fopicty, ^nd bf whom it VM^ b^^onf^rrcd on wy popc,^. 
 , prince or' potentate. . ■ "*' ^ ' .^ ?? -V. ,?/./. ^ . 
 
 V \^ his great sscatl to exdte a Yi&tttx of this bug-bcir 
 popery, whjch feaui^ts Ifif diftMrb^* imagination on 
 th^fe tedious hours from whtch pUrtain Icaiire* bahiflb 
 reft, he informs us that Alphonfos was raifed t«rthc dig^ 
 mty of KM)|f in Portugal, in 1179^ |)y the Rcunan 
 Pontiff Alei^ander JIJ. the ftme regal dignity was cqn- 
 fert^tj on Primi^^s, jDukc of Boheniia, by Innocent 
 UL In If 204, and^ohanniu8,dul|e of Bulgaria and WM- 
 lachia, was made king by thcfatttc pontiff in laao, he 
 %8, tliat Stephen grand jucan of Servia, wascrownec^ 
 by the authority of Honori^s UI. that Boleflatis of Po- 
 land was deprived of h(8 i^Cgal dignity by th« tb^ pope^ 
 aind Roger, coun^ of Sicily, was made kingfcf; Sicily. 
 If he had been diligent in bis refcarcKe* he might have 
 found that Leo ^11. made Ch^rlcmain eniperor in 801, 
 ?nd Zachary made ^Vspin his father king of the franks 
 in f5f,<i— See Review, p. 5a. It is true he telliliPrW he 
 can prefent a lift of one hundred pifi ncc% who have been 
 excomn r ^Unjc a ted and dgpofed by pop e s, ^ md-doi 
 
 ,nwmber nitght W colleaed with very little labyoiwrt 
 109,. he thiis injudicioufly informs his readert^^^Ai 
 pope's rpiritual authority was well aod umver£illy efta« 
 
 ^- 
 
 
,70 ^ 
 
 ¥' 
 
 
 kKAedinUie chriftia»\iPorW, ^merccnturies Jjeforeliut.?!^^ 
 ^d'hisbfother lefocinifts wjsfi* born, far thi> temporal s^u^ 
 thority, wh.iclttbejf^upwarraritably aiTumed, could hav«. 
 no other fbimdatioa or pfqtcsit bui: the ffjiritutl^iitho.. 
 rit/ witli whigh they, were%realit3#nvcftc4: thcy.^bu. 
 fed this power. Scwne did itw tl^lflitW 
 the power to exift ; for ff k didtnont-qpiri^ot be ibu- 
 ifodb rhcre have' bm (pmc wdteivi ^iir%iujxtaiijci/ 
 the depofiog powe^ Yes, ^ a nwitjtcr o£ opmi^l^ 
 which no c^thoUc ever wa» obliged JtQ. believe, w)ii^ 
 the whole fchqoi o{ ^enqh divinjps, trul)?. cathollS. 
 rcprpbatc-rSce^ Review, p, i^, and wh ich^, w as cpn* 
 Udefcd -w, an ufarpation. Id the firft infjtance that of tliiv 
 Emperor J^orylV, 0/i6« frj^^<«>, a cathoUc prcl^te*^ 
 Well a^ctcd %o the See of I^e, i^&.i tha?m|)ii:e wj^ 
 indignant at this notelty, as no fuch jfcntencc had eVc% 
 bccnpuyiOwi^ a|;^Al ^.fiwpcroK^c^ Rome,'? \ju iip^^" 
 C. 55. ■■•' .- -■ '\m: .M . '*■ i-,v .* ' "'','-' 
 
 To gtvo his resulersan idea of a popiCh exeomniuni-. 
 '|C»liQtt be fills thwe pages with a fcnrrUpus ficlion,li|; 
 'j^fittch the coarfeft and mpft cffcnfivc terms, in. t|sf 
 •Ei^Uiht laaguagc arc iBtroduced^ He thioq Pepcatfi, 
 iiwth additional viriilencc, the hackneyed tales, of Ra)*^ 
 |Bond,of Thouloufis ;.of the Albigenfes, &<. of thepouni 
 rdl$ of Conftancc and tatran, all whkli the wi;itc^; 
 has already difcufled in liis dif£jreht repliei to,|jju ^.g^ 
 Mr* Cochran — SeetHetn in the Review^ , 7 JJ*^!^ 
 
 . - From^his fpirit of divination he has lepppHy acnd col 
 fidently affcrts, that thcfe wicked popes and papifts for 
 whom he has the ncweft niodcllcd charity^ have, m^ - 
 (acred fifty millions of people. What, a pity^ tjiafcthfc;/ 
 venerable teapher of the newcft (chooV inflamed wiq^:" 
 
 ^oua ^ ^g^in^ thefi; wicked papifts, h^d not lived mj' 
 
 rthe famed. John iCno^^'s reforming days ; to (|ue warlikj; ' 
 blafts of^Jyhnjii truai^pct, he would ha^wc added the deep, 
 
 "the^teill, and icii \^i: (uuv^xjijiifAo^i i^wrw, .gnd inp"^ 
 
 ^<rtitiW'*i«lfc .brought, y^a^^tf/, as that ruffian called th© .? 
 «^li%<g|iiMe bk)^ ^ ,^ own cap^ital. ^ Jyen George * 
 
 r, 
 
 

 ■■rf^ 
 
 >A 
 
 ^^ju. 
 
 
 fjjor^on's day3 a^re, paft!.' The writef ha^ already cjife 
 
 ^cuffed ttcfc pretended mafiacrcs, the Gun Powder Botj 
 
 %4^. inhis Review, which thh caftigator pretendi td 
 
 *reFute, though it appears that lie has ndt read alirie of it. 
 
 A refutation piP^all me calumnies which fill the centti% 
 
 .writers* nwfliii^vqpip^ Bower's leaden lives of 
 
 :j)ope8, woiild bc^ian en^lds and an uieleis worjc, which 
 
 Hthc writer will nottitidertake. H^whiTpers in tlic caf. 
 
 " tigator's car that thefc hav^bcen m)iny bad popes, bad. 
 
 biihops, 4nd |l-fefts,in the chritlian churdi, and fofnc good 
 
 ones J and hi^ tdds, for this caftigator's cohfolation, that 
 
 any conventidc in vif^ch there is neither pope hoif* 
 
 'fliop is not a chriftian chul^h. Kot to know this plaia 
 
 iJc jruth is intolerable ignorance,' to kno# k%nd 
 
 tronclSfll from an uninformed well meaning peo^c, ft 
 
 loimtthirijjwoitfe than ignorance, '-^^'•t "*«.:° ^n *?5;ti' 
 
 *• ft ca^ b^&cwn, by moft authentic documents,** he 
 
 fayi, p. I n , ** diat the aflkffinatiqns of -princes, th^ 
 
 bloody maffacref, and the cruel perfccutions, which 
 
 ;gjftd^lhe annals of modern Europe, either haVe been the 
 
 di^iceaof pppes, or recieived their approbation^? ^*fie 
 
 has nbt produced onc^ of thefc authentic inftrumtnts : 
 
 it would be a curious ftaiefiapct. WiB he deign totdl 
 
 us, what pope font ehgrles 1. to the block > What pope 
 
 devifcd the ^cath oimtj^ q^cen of Scots, of Lewis 1 
 
 IW.Wthedttkld'Enghiei? Who adYifed the cool dif: 
 
 paffiwjaie murdd- 4f BctOfr,: iwchfeilhop of St. Andrew's, 
 
 primAteof Stotland ? Some^ious rcformlfts^ cf^flamid 
 
 wittkJiOlyiteal, kindled by one of Khm's memorable 
 
 rntered the cpifcopat palace, and, having pre- 
 
 valedrOn that prelate, by entreaties and promifci, tp 
 
 ij^^he chamber doM, lA whic^ he hid barridded 
 
 ItAW. they ruflied (n— the. fcenc is thutdcfcribed by 
 
 ^ 1.# thflinfclve^ : **they foiii^dhim fitting in his chair, 
 
 h^ l W to fkftffi • T am n prieft. I r?m a prieft_ d o n ot kill 
 
 "W 
 
 tne,Jbhi«iey according to ahcieit vows, (it fcems he 
 
 had fwornTodo it) ft ruck him firft, And gave him one 
 
 \ or two ftrokes, as dkl Peter Carmichi^, but Jaihci UnU 
 

 'ff^. 
 
 '■Sf^\ 
 
 ^n, a mat) bf^ i isii)^ ,4ifpofitio)[), zni very bode(l^^, 
 thiQJcin yv they y^istt ]t?otH angry, i^iPpped thcirt faying t 
 this wpTK and thie juxi^ti^enc of Gpd ought to be dbhd 
 
 i^ith. grrat ^gt^vityv then prcfcm bfliis 
 
 iC^ord to the j::ardipaj, he 4id t^him : repent of ybui^ 
 • pa|l wicked life; . /.tV* l^e ar«i Ipt by,Goi^fiQirthe pii. 
 l^ipiQc^ent of jit : fpr t pripteft herl in prcfcnec of my 
 i^d, ^hat neither hatred of Jrour pjcrifoo, nor love oC 
 your richer, nor fear of any cVil, which yoii can do tnc 
 .^>; |)J.p4rii^^ me, or engage me nowtb 
 
 ^i . ll^ikp you, bu pnly bccaure, ypu ha^e been, and you 
 ' Att yet, an bbfiin^te enemy to Jciur'Chrift and his gbf- 
 ||i^<t|i^tV Krioi'sjdew gpf^^ then he thruft his {WoiHi 
 il^^'pr three times through ^? .body**— See Hiil. of 
 ' lidl. Ref. London, 1644; p; 73, fuppolcd ;^g||»!t-^ 
 ten by John Knox ^himfelf. Never was repentance 
 • preached <^ in thi8*f(^|n^ befdrc ; nor murder cpdy^tte^ " 
 ^ith (Uch meeknefs andmodefty. Such* werii^ W dif- 
 ciplcs of John Knox,, whofc- fpifis iceths rcjriyed in this 
 /: :J|dinh»urgh qiftigaton'': ■■ :.'■•'■''■ ■^'■''^'. •■','" ''^^v'''i?^. 
 : / In one . oif thefe fan^ified b/a/fs which that notel #1^ 
 4.lorroift ililed an Admnition to td^ J^Qbi^saiid Pe^h ofSt^t* 
 ih^ttdtiptz\sAn^o§ Hhe neighbpuring^country, he fays i . 
 ; ** Lwill boldly affure it, that the Oentlemcri, the Gft- 
 ; vc,ri|pcs, the Judges and' the People of JEnglandi ought 
 J.||pt pnly- to rcCft Maiy their Queen, tbdtrmjmjtzabeh. 
 ; as fiaonrJLS (he began to tfxtinguifti thegofpdi butalfo tP 
 - I |>ut her to deaths wiih all ber priefts, and all iho/e ivh4 
 «Mir intobfrvimi*^^ •'Thus this new modelled apoftle^ 
 pfiruc MahcmetaA breed, configns to the ihgiMilg^ 
 bulk, both- princes andvpepple,/ indircriminiap, aii;' . 
 who oppofc, iWhat he catis, thevgP^JcU Thfc^are.au*|§ 
 thentic docufgrients which ihiw how truly trafmt^faid : 
 -*^lhii new go^cl makes men furpafs'^themfdyes In wiclfi 
 
 iTii n I HI 1 1 niii j p ft i juii i i II i iiiii iii(i i I I i|jiitf nmn i 
 
 f4<rived froa|r||^gher fource : Luther, me great pftr 
 Mriarch^ reforming memory, in one of thefe Thefei^ 
 
 vj. . . _ , '" -.L -' publilhci ^ 
 
 » 
 
'^X 
 
 
 
 --ArtaSL--*^- .r^l 
 
 ^iitifiAcd 4n 1540, fays : the ^popt is a forcfcrtsr fltt^ 
 gdrou} jjoffbflcd by an fpi^ ^irh* All towns and cities 
 6u|rht to collcft ift troops ag^nft him, it is not necc^y 
 :to w^t the authority of Judges or Council j^gainft him, 
 nor-to {Jay any attention to the Judge, who would for, 
 bid him to be iiilledi^If the Judgeor thepeaiants are 
 tiiemfelves killed in tlfe tumult i>y the peof^^ who 
 puffue, this monftefi, it H what t^ey defcri^c, there is 
 DO mjury done them* W© are not to enquire if th<fe 
 popfe is fupported by princes, by kinjgs, or by em 
 thcmfclYcs : he who fights under a robber kfi 
 mUrtary amthdnii, as Well as from falValion*" 
 bc.truth in hiftory ' ihrfe documents mrc aotb 
 ^ y^q true^that th^ apoftles of thcr5oi| 
 Gemil^jind^Scotland^ taught rebellion, ^ _ _^ 
 murdprsj maflacres, aflkflinations of princes^ &c. witE 
 whichytW#caftigator, with true pharalkical confidence 
 charjf^ popes j nor .does \^ confine the charge to'popes 
 zhtie 5 he charitably extends it to all popiOi roagiA 
 *«...». .V^^j^j elft, •* £iys he, «* arc magiftrates w 
 influence of the Romiih neligion but the crcftturaT 
 tjf the p^r-r-p. ,,,. The Pharifee* in then^ae^ 
 cufation againft Paul, Ads ixiv, 5, fay ^ H^ foun^- 
 this man fcftacptial, moving (edition amonjrft aU thr 
 
 -Were the Lprds tiwi dbmmoni k E«|tfdnt:day^ 
 who paired tM^ous iUtutesjof /^r*«iai^riLand Arow- 
 M crej^tuWi of the pope / They were papifts as wcU as . 
 
 flPWiPfed Richard W trcaturcs^ the pope? TO 
 ; tMbrYrcrt papift^.-SFet oiie of Jthc arW of impeach 
 
 f.of 
 
 hard, ihjcws to conriaion That they were^ 
 crcatwp of th<f ppjie. The mide isthus^conceive*. 
 thoi^h the CJrown of England, and all the rights ^ 
 ' ^^*^"- ^^ Jhe j?;^gdom itfel^ hafli been in aU' 
 that tfte iGpreme pontiff (Dominusfuni- 
 
 thc 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 Q)|*^PontifciPl»rany /oih^ perfon without tip Jp^mdoi^^ 
 [#|: f 0? ti|. io(<;i«M»^tiithc fiimc ^T&^Ni^TcTr Ji# 
 
 
 .V. 
 
 '4i 
 
 •■^v 
 
«^v 
 
 mi: 
 
 ^;^/t1»yaM M*lie ftirett^hcnJng'oF his etm 
 
 ^^^KJiis ftitulb, didibppMcatt thepope to continft the aa« 
 luffed in th^ !4ft Pariiamcnt^?' fotriiitit is that England, 
 
 Whilft a.Ctfthoite^ate, never belie 
 siy tcwpo|(rtjiirifdi<aiofi within 
 ^M Cooii^lhs fo lioftite to the ^ 
 
 <Hii^ lien, iho a feifjej^ afi 
 . iti#ard, itillNi dayHq^^ V^ 
 IftWs whidi tlifi||demfiAiliie 
 
 hd 
 
 e la 
 wiHllPo adivktt t% fo 
 
 Hi 
 
 ■ J*^ 
 
 to polGre& 
 
 i^rds 
 
 ere 
 
 of 
 fiiarf 
 
 V * ■ ' 
 
 *Cgn ^»-^firf?|Qfe|B7 ar Mh*b^4kiiy^ afCal.' 
 
 '<SWmii<i^r:jtake '^ l|-l^btt^pftftor^«ls rule 
 e which" he h#lia5^nc<^fi!&m Calvin. 
 
 r| to adnnit thatfoijws papifts iwve^^ 
 f^ #^<^ siflai^ns as Jamc^|McIvin. i:fe*s it follow 
 :p,rebe4Hon or iiflaflinali|n,i8 authoiifed^^jr any 
 teiiW: o^Pdafholi€ doarine.ciratty^axim of its. mdralrty J 
 T^ eontrtry %» been^ flicWn t6|onviaion in Mr. B*s. 
 "ffcply tb Palicobgus*8 third 1c^«r, & which the reader is 
 f«ferred^3ee lieview^ p. 55. ''' .' r\\ -^-p--^ 
 
 >*> ^onsc p^pcshaye been {U(peaed;|Mii^ il^'ii^ 
 ^ ftrongrcafib&s^iOf being addiaedtoavkrice, to ambition, 
 /fehluility and^ mtemperancd What then^f Arf thcfc 
 viiscs authorised x)!* converted into virtues t No. his 
 tile glory q£ the catholic ,do«arine, to condemii every 
 ^^ ^pofljble vic^; and enforce cvtry pofliMe yirttie \ it knows 
 . 1^ dfftindipn of perlbnfi in thcfcverity ofit* morality 1 
 - k condenins vice in ^he prince ^iin the |leafaDt^<^^4ll« 
 ^pope and biihbp as in the foldicr or thefeilor* ^^""^^^ ^ 
 who docs not Icnow this, does 4ro|^n6w it. ^i^'man 
 who knT)Ws 4^ and Unbluihi;sgw||£rm8 the «i>t>trary^ 
 ^0^ not know the tfuth. h Jibt In the^«*lhouJ^ 
 "^^urtdlpt weie^rn to.beli^|jgB^vice div«fts Ibe 4f^\ 
 iWl or tjic fWirituat fu{ 
 'Tj\ invcKca* 
 
 by 
 
 ;led dodrincs iiWcutcd 
 "^ Hulk mi\3f^ Lut|i«,\ia«iSbt lui 
 
 •"X.* •ii-v ■, -•» ■•■7 « . T\ > A . * « 
 
 tkat autholi|^;wifh 
 omrifirtnnr^ ijcw 
 
 taught by John 
 loed (o fffa^e by 
 

 S'-^.Jf .Sf 
 
 * 
 
 1*3 
 
 
 
 *w 
 
 |ohn Knoa: suQclxMs r-efarQ^ing eolleagu^ss, !t do^in 
 >j|nathematifed by ; |:hc Goun cjl oi ConftaAe<?y and ^y 41, 
 carh«lics ; condefrjneid l>y th« apaftolicil jWcUings^ fuij^i: 
 verfive of order and fiibordin^non* and deftruaiye 
 
 V ;ibciety— Scr- Rcvbw, f^'-55.%V;if.^;-:>.'^^IV'^«:'4*'44^. ^!*^■" 
 After filJiiig foaw ^g€s wit Ik ''garbled extFa<a» fron^** 
 the Councils. q| L^tccan ^d (^ontoiQ^ which haf^'X 
 beea already adduced ^ Pa^aologi^s: in*Iii* l^ttQr% m4 
 
 tigator coocMes^^ that there i^^ujadepcndance-tiatbiK 
 placed OB, popiflioaths of allegiances |KP»jj^«Q[^i|f|^ 
 deftaffertion he pretends to (hew by: aj^&ge fcoipPafc' 
 ^henius, of whom this^wriierknow? nc^feipg. Wh%' 
 ther the paffag^ be genuine or toittpus, it iiiiljfelefs to m^ 
 ljuire. It contains the opinion of an ignorant; individuall 
 ' which from the obfcurity of tl^e autho^^or^twrbulenti^ 
 id the times, has perhaps cfcapcdccafttre. 1. Does tbii| 
 caftigator Isnow that catholics d(KHOt permit loquacious 
 demagogues to fubftitute tlie ravings -of their iqiaginatW 
 on ta tJ)e fettled do<arii^ of the ehurch ? this is a prir 
 vilegc which they have loi^ fince refigncd Xp cnthufi^if 
 ramWersiin the regions of fiincy, which th^y now coHi " 
 firm: totht caftigator, to Sandiman,, tofalvation Mur.-^ 
 ray^,J^raa. Wilkinfony and €o,>.^,}.,a. ;*v'* ii^- 
 He flis ijs that Pafchcnius &id the papifts were no| 
 obliged to^ pay allegiance to king lames I, bctauic the. 
 polpc hjfd declared ' tjic oath unjuft. If he had told ni 
 that papifti \n England , di^ndt obfefvc their oathl jf| 
 allegiance to their pxincciwc ihmild cojiclude^jiot «hs»»l 
 the (^h, w^»a%juft. but that they were gyilty df.peii^' 
 ^ry» who tran%reffed it ; ho^^ver. Kin® James, who* 
 thought l^imfclf happy in escaping the plots of reformiftl 
 jo Si^land, brought, noli^ accufatipa/agaidfthis cathcN 
 Mc fubjipaii^n England. After the pretended GunPowdcf 
 glQt,thg mi<chiavelianartifice of which was foon difco.. 
 
 vcred by tti« iaing,*and is noV ircll known to every man^ 
 ^^iflfo'rmadon in England, inhis prpcjapation of the jiik. 
 
 \\ 
 
 TlCUCd 
 
 vTi^&>^ ^-^ 
 
 
 Ai 
 
^ *.. 
 
 1 1 ' ""t> 
 
 •f^tf! 
 
 w * 
 
 i^ 
 
 tM 
 
 
 ^|ftH^on«& religion that they do abhor this 
 1l««Wte confpiracy as ourfelf . . . . .'i—Sec Review 
 
 _Will this .KrfinbMfgh c^%aior' cbnaeiccnd to tdl us 
 #hatj)ope decUred null and void the path of allegiance, , 
 which his anceftors had (worn to Mary their tucen; ^ 
 whofc Jitlc to thc^cottifli throne was never doubted I 
 ^rc they papifts. who d«;tlironed licr f Were they pa- 
 pifts, who pcrfecu(fed her with relentlefe fury, until L^ 
 
 ot their oat^ of allegiance, and of every other tie; even 
 
 ot common dffcency, brought hergrand.fon,.the unfor- 
 
 tunatcGharles, to the block?' Was it not pope Knox 
 
 from whom this caftigator dates his pedigree, who 
 
 Uught the holy d^ty ofDerjury and infurreaion. in de. 
 
 foicc of hiincwgqfpel ilJ^igh Jefus Chrift, the author 
 
 ofthcgofpcl,hadflriai:)tenjoincd obedience to a heathen 
 
 emperor, and his appiires had as ftriaiy enjoined the 
 
 fime obedience to the moft ferocious of alLhcatfen princes, 
 
 •nd m rooftfuriou&p^rfccutor of the gofpel,Atfn>?*Is the 
 
 ttan fo crazy as to deny wha^thc world knows ? With 
 
 what imbluOiing cffronitry tfcen docs he itnputc to usa 
 
 doArinc which we deteft, and whteiit jsknown to 
 
 «ie world that his ancieitors taught and aaed on I r ' 
 
 . ' ^ %ht next |)agc, i^r having compofcd a creed ifbr 
 
 ««, Of fuch materials -as could have been gleaned, gar- 
 
 md and faOiioncd by Ulyricus and his alfociates, the cat 
 
 ^tor, mod^ly enough, iays that :« by this view of 
 
 RomiOi principles he would ftot be t^iought toVhargii 
 
 thcpapiftsof^Ova^Seoti^withdifloyalty.'^ Thcy^ank 
 
 Kimj but hold ! They rnvd not be prdfefc in theirgra- 
 
 titudc : Ms confden^ is tender^ .his charity cxceffive, 
 
 *c correas the exceft by a certain i^cftriaiof! : « but un- 
 
 ^}}^ ^ /^^"'' ch of Rome coioe forward colleaively, anj 
 
 -"-•re her furtner opipionst«K»slyflr mJtTTa'^er^ 
 
 Ity Is at war with^the principles of their religion [with 
 
 ^gioii 'i^hich the caftigator lends them] and the 
 
 > Lcgillaturc 
 
"^ 
 
 ^$ 
 
 
 tegiflamre can oftly conft(!i<i^|fri^^]ii,ftbn^l^^|| 
 mill-ftones/* |>hiscaftigatQ^ hates pcrleciition^; The 
 writer begs leave to inform htm rjiat the oprniohs of Ini 
 dividuak compofe no part of the'doarincs of thechutfift 
 of Romci that the doarinp o^ that church is fettled 
 and in variably independantoir opinions. As he has already^ 
 given the anfwerof fix foreign catholic univei'fities, in 
 which the creed compoferf for our ufe by the eaftigator, 
 and his friends, and thefe pretended Romilh principle*, 
 which they Have gleaned, are tinequivocally condemn- 
 ed, Vthe writer does not think it necefiary ,to repeat 
 what he has t^lready faid on the fubjed, however; there 
 is a part of the anfwer ^f Alcala fo ftriclly appRcable to 
 
 this Edinburgh c^ftigator, ^hiat the writer bees leave to 
 (nfcrt il|v-^- ";v>r. ,:-...... ■ v,:>-y^.::,., ■ .;•. (?..;..:,|, ,\; , , .. ,^_ 
 
 *'So perfoided is the ^niverfity^ th^t a dpftrfee ^s^fiiit^, 
 would exempt catholics from kcepipg/aith vlkhh^re.'' 
 tics, orotherpcr(Qns,diflejft«ng from them iff rdig^s 
 jnattefs,fo far from being aji ajftjcie of tjve Gatholic^pK, 
 is entirely repugnant t<i Us tenets, that <he could noV 
 have believed it poOible there ihould exiff any perfons,, 
 who would dare tp impute to catholics any thing (o \nL 
 quito^s, had Cbe not learned from the.facred fcriptures^ 
 that the fame PH?nfecs^ who W Mard the Lord openly 
 commanding to give to " C<;f/ar tbe thirm that/ar0^ 
 Ca/ar's^ ^fterwards laid this very crime tO;^|gWge :^ 
 " we ^Of^ found this nifn ^ryerting our natiai^m^rbiit'. 
 Avi to gi^ tribute to Ci^far ;" but the DevU, who move4 
 their tongue^ to utter fuch falfchoods, has never defift. 
 ecj^ |,eryertin^^th<:rs in |iJl^inanner :'^ ^^^^:^^ 
 
 at rfthcumverjpty had heard this Edinburgh ci^B' 
 .^'flPi^nftatcd with pious zeal, eniitting from hishal- 
 iov<^d^ throat this oracle : ^^jh'ejloml/h eiiurch o\iem the 
 
 >: 
 
 ^4'. 
 
 
 ^^sef Heaven te thieves ^ robbers y murderers i and ft nners ^ 
 (miefcriptioYUy who would mlyembrue their hands itiihe 
 hmt of a heretic^ m, iilp ? They would have faid that 
 
 \ V 
 
^ yfif r-jtl 
 
 1 
 
 tl«f jntoiac'lladr fUp<sffecfcd tie Pytbmifa*^ oV Ik^h^ 
 wd was agitated Uy the fan^fpirit^ Tlw writer howe^ 
 vcr diffents : he dde» not even think him * fortune-teller* 
 though he acknowledges his great powers of diviBatioiri 
 ^^^a'^^jgjg^^rit. which affifts him, whethei? it he 
 ^^P . Jt l HpP d^Jphic Py thoniffa, of the witch of En. 
 dor^W^SauI, h^ leavc&«h^t t» ^ univejfity tm de.. 
 
 IB Cathohc States^ tMei^, rohbers aAd teiirderera are 
 diftni^ frotnt ^^ ^ i« England, 
 
 ^the anifheroffhe-law.: .^--^^^-v., .-'V^:%-;' v^ ; -..•,,. ^,,,..^. 
 He would advife the caftigato^^r^foinff tr^l^ 
 Oil morality, though it were hut a parapftrafe on, the ali 
 ^ coran. He may perchance le?irn a truth of ^?f^ich hV 
 fcems extremely ignorant, that is, atrocious facts are 
 not proved by bold alfertions, ^yith their ufualaccom,. 
 '|^"Pents, petulance and effrontely. Thefc onjy expofe 
 the wcaknd^ of the ^ead, or t^e malignitY of the heart, 
 wiich are not unfrequently combined.j% < , \^ 
 
 - - ^'Jiis caftigator e^cprefies greit indignation at Mr. BU, 
 " wftt of'fcaadour,in rcfufmg to acknowledge that to break 
 faith *^ith heretics hasbeciVa lo/ig time ^ a maxim be^ 
 Ueved and |)raA^d by the church of Ro^ It f^ems 
 Mr. B. inftru«ifl| the ca%Iic miiHoniiries of ^bi^^v 
 ^^^*^^ »%thinMroper tap adopt this new modelledt 
 doarii^orifPofed 1% the caUigator and eo. for their 
 life, '^e^cn cgndertjncd it exprefSly, as a dodrine 
 which n^fen Gic^l^h {^fe,c»^coiomonhoncfty. 
 <vcr Belieycd. Ir ^O^as^^ in, him^To derive the caf- 
 tjgator of a^ favorite tij^^n which 1^ might cxercife 
 his talent of 'raiMfca||mft^ the perfidy &f papitts. He 
 3- complains |hat 3y [Jfefe which^Mr. B, ignorantly.or 
 cunningly prcddciSfS doe* not exhibit the doarin<^ of the 
 Church of Rome m-ii^ truexolours. H^ miift, he fays^ 
 
 ~-^ ^~ KOTI OF THI BniTOR. , *'■; ^'z _ ^ \-^ " 
 
 • The Pvihonrl/ti nyas the prieftcfs of ApoHoi wlio prophe/ied In the tcm- 
 pIc atDdplm: to deliver her oracles, flie placed heridfoila ftool,4o. 
 ycredw.ihibefkmof theferpcnt Pythoe, worji^d herfelf into a fort of 
 iretizy, iputcip Ihuli and broken founds, with horrible con»u!jGons. 
 

 -S ' 
 
 »«? 
 
 tt ih; Ignorant pnR, who doe* not/kwow that ^e 
 ^hrafe tifed by the chtifch is not : r noil eft habendk 
 ^dct,", but " non eft fervainda fides hcrcticis." It kem 
 Mr. B. did not know ii. He had not the good fortune 
 loconfultthe caftigator'i repertory, of his fpiritof di- 
 vination. He may thinlc Mr. B's. ignorance exctifablc, 
 when he finds that not one cadioUc univerfity in Eurgpe 
 knew it.the^ritcr moft certainly does not know it, and 
 after the ft)Ieinri declaration ©f the uaivcrftties of Aim, 
 oi Dova^, of Louvdin^ of Ak4ia, Salamanca and ValladoHd^ 
 which this caftigatbr might have feen in the work 
 wliich he, pretends torcfute^ that no fuch doarine is oe 
 ever was taught in the church, he muft fay that to im- 
 ^tiK fuch a dG#iiine to the church is not? the effcA of 
 flieer ignorance, but impudent impofture. * . v 
 
 ^*He cites ^n epiiftle of Martin V. to the duke of Lithu* 
 
 aniar faying: that he fins mortally if he keeps faith 
 
 With heretics. The original perhaps may be found in 
 
 Edinburgh, it is not amongft that pontiff *s authentic pa. 
 
 j)ers, if It had been authentic, of which there is nOap^ 
 
 pearance, it W(*uld only fliew that the pope in a private 
 
 ■ . ^fetter, like other polidcians, obferveda B}aKim,whicK 
 
 jHfc Ws official capacity, as Kfcad of the Church* he. had 
 
 l^bl^innly condemned. In his Bull, approved by this 
 
 Council of Conftance> we find this queftion propofed 
 
 to perfons fufpecled of herefy s ** whether he docs 
 
 upon jiny 
 
 of one's life, 
 
 V be > 
 
 tiot think that all willful perjuty comi 
 occafion wbatfiiicver, for the prefei 
 ^ ] aether man's, or even for the 
 mortal fini",-*See Review, p. 6o* 
 
 j If the palTages, which he cites from two^ or three ob»- 
 
 ictire authors, be genuine, which this writer doubts very 
 
 kiiufh, he has ohly to remark that fuch works if known 
 
 1^ thtf ^oper judges would be condemned, and the 
 
 ftutfaora c>hli ggfi i tr> «^^ tr af^, nr he 
 
 from t l v&-^ 
 
 catholic communion. If he be diligent in his refearch- 
 3A^^^y find^am^jg^propofitipss eitraciigd from the 
 
 '■■ ' ' ; ' , ' , ; , . . workd 
 
 A^. 
 
 , , »!*vi^,,^/.T-aii4«^ 
 
■A J. 
 
 Work rfcahdie writers, and jurij^j^ondemflM, 
 n„ten,b ta form .as great a varietyWcfeds as are to 
 be found amongftaU the difcordant reUgious fodeties df 
 - the United Kingdom, Que&el alone wiU furnifl, him 
 w, h one, huftdred,^i^%hich there is juftas much truth 
 asiB this caftigator'sitfveaives. j, ^ 
 
 ^iAIrij-indication of theR authors; ^kS?tIib*ritir^ 
 
 •Wtknow, and of whorn in ail appearance this Edin- 
 
 , bjjrgh caft,g4tor knows as little, it muft be faid that » 
 
 wan, V[ho with unblujhing confidence and a fteeled con. 
 faence, felfifie, the feriptmes, fubftituting eUihH to eiton. 
 tnat IS, iM to image, a.man, who notorioufly gambles the 
 V'orjc^f the Fathers Which are .to. be found in aH li- 
 branes has not been fcrupuloufly fjAring of ^orfc of 
 luch^obfcunt};. as to make it doubtful if they exift at all 
 a he reader is informed that the anfwers of the uni- 
 ' !f:„ •^t'T* e'^^-^. « 'he defire of that great Statef. 
 man m. htt,an4are cited in th^ Hiftory of the Penal 
 
 pdndix t9S.r j. C. HippiOey's Obfervations, p. 76, both 
 Members of the Imperial Parliament; ' 
 
 To the declaration of the univerfitie* the writer fob- 
 
 joms^acletlaration^ of greater- weight if pofflble, that is, 
 
 be declaration of Pius VI. of venerable memory, i, I 
 
 tetter to the, Romaii Catholic BiOiops of Ireland.— The 
 
 . tetter. H.p<^; 2,. , ■ ; ^- _,, ,^ ^ ^,. ^ ,^ . ^^ .^ :^ ^ __^^ _ ^ 
 
 . _'•; The Rotrian CatHolti Archbiftop, of JrAnd, at 
 thetrmeefngm Dublin, in ,79,, ^jdreffed a letted t^ 
 
 it.^r'K*.r" ""^y '''=f<="t'ed th* mifreprefenta^ 
 tmns that bad been recently publilhed ^ their confei 
 
 cration oath, and the great injury to the Stholic body, 
 
 Jl^lftia- di^ deliberation af Rome, the Congregation of 
 Cardinals appointed to fuperititend the eccIefiafticaJ af. 
 'W8 ot tbefe kingd oms. r,^n.r ,i>H ,n ii,- - " 
 
 wmg IS an extraft) by the auihority and com- 
 of hisHolinef*-:- , . , 
 
 t J> 
 
 f , 
 
 « 
 
 Mofi 
 
 >* 
 
 '^1' ' *' I. 
 
 S.^5t» 
 

 
 '•% 
 
 ',*«/; 
 
 'iif:! 
 
 «• 
 
 ^fi perceive fronn your l^te IetWr,„ the ^rc^t u^ea^ 
 IJrMsl* O^PM labour under fince the pablicadott of a panu^ 
 yilpt* untitled, tbf prefenfftati f t^fe ^burchof Irela^^^^^ 
 -^from which pur d^^ra^tors have taken occafion to r^ 
 i^w the old caiumnyiigiinft thji CathQ(ic Religion wit^ 
 incr^afed acrimoijy ; panielyy that tbu rtUgm is by nji^ 
 mi^nt C0mpatibie Wftb tle/a/ety tf kinf^i ar^d repHffUcs ; b^ 
 caufe, ai tlifiyfa% the Roman Pm0 being thefafi>ir and: 
 majler of ali Cotbo/fa, and in^i^ed witbj^b grea^ ^utborityi^ 
 that he tanfree.thefubyeSiiofatrJtrMng^ 
 lUy and oaths of allegianca t9 kings and^^n^s /lie- has i^ 
 in his power, they contend, tp. caui^ diftt^rbin^cs Sfn^* 
 injur? the public tranqajlity ofkir^glpms, with cafe.. 
 We ^ wonder thai you could . Iks uncafy at tlicfc com^ 
 plaints, efpecially after your moftexcdlcnt brother andj 
 apoftoUcal fentwv-labourcrj the Arthbi^op of Ca{h«I t/ 
 and pthcr ftrenupu? defenders of the rights of the Holf^ 
 Sf*^' l»?^ j evidently refuted, and explained away thefe 
 ilanderpus teprofche*, in their celebrated writipgs/'—li| 
 tlws g)ncrpverfy^ m<^ accurate difcrirnioatipn ilipulci 
 be iD^fde between l^hcgei^uine rights of the Apcvftolical 
 See, ^d tliofe that Vrcifnpu ted to ii- by innovators ol 
 this ^ for j;lic>urp(jf(e of calumniating. The SeeofRmt 
 never jangbt, that faith H not U be kept witb the heter&dox .•-^»' 
 tbpanoah to kings fepamed ftm the Catholic Communion^ 
 C0 be violated ::^that it is lawful for the Bifhop g Rmet9 
 invade their tmp^ps^igbtj and dminions. We /w confidcr 
 '^ ^ff^mf^o^lmm Hfe ofJCin^s and Prints 
 
 eyen under the ^pift^t of t-eligion, as an Wi^Mi>and ok. 
 ts^A&Lz ii^iiMi^': - . fev^'T,^'.;V;-' ■'^■:';-^^-'^'' ■:;^.'---'' /'' 
 
 ifis HoUncfs* Kus VI. has n(^, however, di(regardcd 
 
 ^'1 
 
 H' 
 
 ■\^'1 
 
 i( 
 
 f-'f 
 
 'T ;^-- 
 
 wri ^^f *lW^^^«Hi willbefbundinoppofitecolamesin I)r, TroyV 
 f|ftora[lnftru<aion, i793.^(CogWan, Dulie-ibcct) 'v,/ . 
 
 >+ Dr. :jaws Butler. v, , ., ., -./.., / .% .'.J-; , ' ;• 
 
 . I' I, , 
 
 ^-i»- 
 

 /a- 
 
 iP^' 
 
 .f. 
 
 *vcry occafion of caviland calumny, whfch, asyou write. 
 
 tome borrow from the words in the form of oath of obc, 
 
 ^^ienct^^t ApoibKcai See, that Biflioiys are yrrquired 
 
 ^^. fc^tiemfi^ my Pmry which words ard 
 . »al.tioofly Hiti?rpfete^a8^he%nafofwar^gainttbcrc. 
 ACS, amhorifing perfecutmn ai^d atolif tgatnii ijfem, i, 
 ^Htmies; ^erei» the purfiiit Mid ^?pp6fiiion to hcie. 
 
 - r- 1?' 7™»*'^e Bi^<>I>« undertaH ^Uht tindcrftood 
 
 ^tefa^t^ toiheifiblidtiidc and eflbrti jn convindnff 
 
 Wip dF^k tff(#i, <indpr«:ur»njg their rcconcUi^ 
 
 ftt.1, w«h t^c Ciith(% (Dhunch ! his HblineR has w-aci- 
 
 ^fly ^nddfecniAed to (ubftitjltciNtt place of the ancieift^ ^ 
 
 ritorm of oath, thai dne>hith wai'piihlicly repeated by 
 
 - ^.-Archbiihpp of MobUrw, w the great Iktisraaiori of 
 iH ^he Court ofPctcrfborgh, iii prefen<!e of the Em- 
 
 ' prcfe I OTtTwhicb we tranfuiit to you inthwlitter/ • 
 -f ^>eaUty, whois there that does^ot Icnow w!,at 
 the Roman Ghurch, the mother and miftrcfi o%4>ll 
 others, preaches, teaches* and commands, ott the dutyfl. 
 ^ obedience frpm fubjeas.to earthly powers ? ^ % 
 ■ -:r^^:m'1^ ¥^ ^ortmisBccment of the yet itl 
 Churdi^bleflid Ptter, Princ^ <,f tke A potties; inOrti, 
 ,11^ the ^ithful, ci^hortt^ J^ni in thcfeivdrdt :-*-& «' 
 KMffex^ry human ih^^ tiinti^ foki, whether it% _ 
 
 ^ tbt^ng oitxcilliff^ arto go^etmn as fim^ ^, forik : 
 "^J^ni/hmtHtyf^h doers, andf.rtbtj^j^ i^lk^mdjf^' 
 A^ ^wU9/God,tbat^dpir^ wiliyeu tknyfieni ibi ' 
 igmrnnce of fq^lifii w(*. f'h« Cttholic Church being dk 
 i^cd by thele precept*, tiie ^a!N)ft rctfioiBlicd fiiumpiaii^ «, i 
 
 _^ ----'-■' -"t- ;i, -■■'.:---;-';. ;^^?. --. . •. v.," ■?-f^|:x,;:^-.^JJi-"Tj:^.-; 
 
 
 / 4 
 
 E^ J*M.cuT.o«. To «,;!«. it bear tfata. <3bftrt»abn; 4t mult be 
 wiled wnkfon,* pcrd of iilWk.me.o,ng, «i%5«M ^Z*. jl^Jl 
 
 c«n(lru«io„ which th7:a of R.C S IlT!^^^^ ^;, 
 
- t . V Mt . 
 
 t ^ - • * . ' » "^ . *•. 
 
 of thf Chriftian name Fe|»!ied tt)th«f QeQti1e8.>«li90jQ|p 
 Ifig agAHift theai, as enen^ia CM^ the .^qsipire^^ mMi fur^ 
 Qus hatred V 'm artjcoit^ntk^ayinp (JpitvAlhn in Apc|. 
 logct. chap. XXX. ) that ail . ke empenri -nu^^ tnjojL itmg //)% 
 piitft'givermentraUyai houftMd^ iikSram0rmyy4ifaithfid^ 
 Jeauie, anhoneft^e^e and genial ttidtiqiiilii)^ fliie fiUho^ 
 of SLome, facccpPors of Pster, hxv^ not cea^td l» iiici|lca|| i 
 ihl^ doctrine/ef|M:daHytQ miffionartca, .left>Ryill-w 
 ^{wU be eiccitcdagainft^thc fin ^flUr& of thecatlu^B 
 
 '^kb, in the i^inds of thofc who are incmieif of the C^ 
 twitnamc. \^e pafa over>hc ilfcttftrious prooli of tWi 
 
 . J^d^ prefervcd 4 th^ records of ancielit Roman PoiKiffi^ j 
 of whidi yourfelvcs are not ignorant* We think propel^/ 
 liotvitithftanding, to Remind yoit of a, Isle admonidon rf 
 the moft wife Pop^'Bcnedid X\V. who in his regulations 
 lor the Englifli raiflions; w^Jich afe likewiffl applicable 
 ^o you, fp^jj^ thus i^The Ftean ApoftQlic are to take S- 
 ligertt caM that the miflonarits M^ve ^rKaii occaftont with 
 integrity and decorum, jtnd thus, bectme good modm ^ 
 Htberi i. andpartHuldrly (hat they h always ready t<t «/#- 
 irate the /acred ojgices^ to communUate proper hjirgams ^ 
 
 P ^fe ^'^^^V^'*^ "^ ^'^^^ ^' f*^^ ^*'^ '*^'^ ^'M^f'cii, ■ 
 f mnteifyait niMs ovoid puhtic apmbiits of idle meni 
 Mndiaioeins, K* J'f^tbe :rUars ibmfihes cxefarticH^ „ 
 ^i'iedMpUniJb iafiub maneter aj tb<jy e^n, butJW' 
 
 Wm$bUc git'9ewnmeni 
 
 :-%' 
 
 *:a' 
 
 \'^ 
 
 tdriy ehafi 
 
 Vitify; €ltib9/f\ilbo'd0 Hof -^^^ 
 
 ** England lrft^ail^!tfie3f tfie %tt^o^\jsL 
 p^eifipns fuch Hdnxohilionftave made on the minds ^ 
 Ckth^ilii^.:^ M is.wellkuo^ii, that in the late w, ^kh 
 lad «3<i«»ded tp % greatet part <if Amcniri when 
 moft aimriOir»|i|uroifinqe«» inhabited, almoft by>rfi>flf ' ' .j 
 *paratcd.fraap^ Catholic Church, had reanu need thd % 
 Jipv&rxmmt of tfce<Kan|^ otareat.Jiitwn j the proirincc 
 of Canada alone, fiUf d is k^is almott with innii^biel, ; 
 tlathoMcs,, '•'^hougJlk «^ira%/ tei9ptcd,,andnot yjrtfor.^ ,4 
 
 >feitful ifi ta iai<j^at*& to'|ngl|p4^^'yo^,m<>(fc;^^ • 
 
 
.iA 
 
 \ s 
 
 '^ 
 
 •-"V 
 
 l^^iiia your fiiffragan Prclatw bf tKcife-V^^belj 
 J^ching to your fjo^e, exhort thcm'a^in imi 'agai^. 
 
 ^^thofe dutiies of a €lfrHlian afc |o!>e 4ferHh^^^^ 
 •H^ry kingdom and ftate, but particularly in your ow^l 
 ffOpeat.Britwn and Irdand, where, from the 5erievo. 
 ^O^of^ ^ft^*^%«fe ting, and other molt cxceHent 
 TOfert^of thofe kingdoihs towards. Catholics, no crud 
 %dgriev<ms burden is impofed^ and Catholics tfiem- 
 
 *ipvet experience a mijd'and gentle governmcni:. If you 
 pmrfiift thb Hne of condua unaiiimoufly ; if yQu aft i« 
 thtf^rit ofcharity; if; while you direcV the people t^thtT 
 *l.orrfyou haye notliing in view but the falvation of fcnils 
 
 *fdverfaries will be ^&amed (we repeat it) to caluminate 
 
 'tnd wilifreelyacknowlcdgethatthcCatholieFaithispfhca' 
 
 ^rtly defcent, and calculated not only to procure a blef, 
 
 Ted life, but likcwife, as St. Auguftin-oferycs in his i^tth 
 
 letter, addrelF.-d to Marcelfinus, to promote the moft Uft. 
 
 ing peace of this earthly dty, inj^fmuch as it is the fafaft 
 
 prop and {hield of ^ingdon^s, Let thoje who M '{tie 
 
 Chrtji ts boftHe U tH kepuhiic, frodua an armf tfTmh 
 
 JcUiinasi^edofntie of Cbrift b^^ r/^i.irf4 » ^ /^ 
 
 furmpfuch tnhabtuits dffrovinmi Mb bufiands.Wucb 
 
 V)tvtsjHcbfarents,/ucb ebitdrenjucb- msftery, JucYj^. 
 
 vannjucb '^tngsjucbjud^t,, finally Jucb pafefs of d,bh 
 
 anacoiie^orj ct tbe revenue, us tbe dHhini of Cbri/i en- 
 
 J9tni i andtbtn tbty m«y dare to a/fert tbaf it it inimkalto . 
 
 iberepukUe: rgtber iet tbem not be/tate ti, acknowledge, 
 
 J^attt is, when pfa&i/^, of ^rui athantageto tbe'refftbtc, 
 
 -JJie fame holy Dodori atid all the mher Fathers ^thc 
 
 Church, with one voice, moft clearly dcmonftr^jfe by 
 
 lavinciJlc arguments, that the i^hofe of this f*iutary 
 
 dodrme cannot eiiift with pcrip^f. cobfifteBcy and 
 
 lt*bi*f|y ; or flouriib #xfccpt in 1^.tK..i;^ r...:^!/ , 
 
 ^iyM<i^ii^t^d jmdiirefimd ^ 11 oviJ 
 
 r>. 
 
 mulifon wWi the Sec of Rome as aftcred bpnd'of uni<% 
 #vmcly conae(aiiqf^li|tf/Qm pur very h^Ucft^ 
 
 
 ."V % 
 

 
 •poB may Very long prpfcfVir^ou fife. Farewell. 
 
 iRtme^ I3 J^t/w', 1791. "^ ! . " ^ • ' • 
 
 -''/■ As youir Lordfliip's moft »ffe6K6tiatc"brotKer ~ 
 
 ? '^"»^ H *-• .^L.,C-AR'DINA'L AnTONHLLI, Pl'cftA. 
 
 
 ^ * 1* Vlfii^ hWe recited ah !t3? ti'afl of confrdJeraMe leAfflKi 
 from rni^ -dc^ciimefit,,becaMfe th<'Honayrab^ Member . 
 ,ha8 tiitnf(^lf tmded to a dart of it, WJier^ he obferve* an 
 alteration' of the Pontifical path thade at th« Inll^nce 
 <rf the Eiryjrfg^ Huilia. * | ^\||d wlJb i reference^ ikiay 
 I ^ be rnade 'tq,j:hc^Qrigin»l La^ in, wT]|ic|i will bj^/foujad |^ 
 . Pr. Troy's work; ffoss A«»hich thistraw^Ation Js alfi> 1 
 J fclefted*irThc PontificJil Rcfcripy.fojr the altcraiiou <*f 
 the PajWifical Oath to bq takcai. bf tbc .fci^ C^iiq^c 
 
 freUt^ is. a$. foUows ; 
 
 ,'0 ', 
 
 ■V* % ft -^ "^ « 1 ' «. A 
 
 
 
 
 ^« I^Olif * AM* At>kti«fj&y -^^1^ .^ 
 
 "v /;..-, • ..•. mm m^^y i??^-*- 'if-:'"' 
 
 ^ tti J^rcnrnmops iiictrr^ tl^c kin|!i/S6im oif 
 
 fretand Ji^rpfcnted tp^ l\t8 Hq]* nefs, thai from th^igno. . 
 
 ^, .,^ rarice «Mr irtalicc or Come .pe|lf)hs, jpentain eiicprefliofit in 
 
 ^; the form of the O^th, prefc^ibett' by the Roman. Ritual 
 
 to be Cl^n by Bl(h^>pt^ ;it their confecration, and hf 
 
 ArdibWlojis on receiving thi/ll//, have been mifrcpi-fr 
 
 , fcnte<l ; which ha^ added new perplexiticR to thojb 
 
 *; Which they daily eipcrience in a king#6'm whJere tKc 
 
 catholic faith ii not the religion of the ftatc : whcrcforft 
 
 H iL they b»flr«bly re^u^ge^^pf it ftionid »|l|»ear cf^pedient to 
 
 "Jhisflorincfs^thai he vrotlfd Vouchfilfe ttj apply « remedy by 
 
 foiieact of hit aportolicai vigtfance. His Hojinefs, on tfeit 
 
 JK^rt mag Qi»delo kM» bymc the ucdmmtteA,«li cif- 
 
 die 
 
 f 
 
 
 
 « I^Bri tt^imm Kddr^i^Am' 
 
•'jr 
 
 n!^: 
 
 rTS" 
 
 (0>&ipca. of ri»c»f<rmatnrely confidnssd, wa* maoat^ 
 
 y prwftd tp.graw» ttat tli*Bahop..of thekin^m of 
 
 Ireland, al ihnr confccraaon, ».rd thi ArchbiOiap, „, 
 
 ««c«vingthe./'<,«, tn^y ufe the fame form .^tath, wl.ick 
 
 '" ^**'f^'S^*?.*''f A^='»'?''^"P''f A«»6-/«.*,in the empire 
 
 and which IS as^ follow* : 'v. ^^^J^^ - •»' 
 
 ^or^, anihiy;Mcc,jr,H 4f,..JaiS, I wilt i^k mZttr 
 
 mf^,proficute 0nd opptj-^ which is <in«r<?ry omit. 
 
 fed:)aftcrwirdstheword. -/A. Card^nai Preft^^theSocre^ 
 Cowe^^Uonformpa^aUnx tht faitb, arc fiibftitutcd inftcad 
 oftl^Cardnfai^roponeMt in ite Cangrf^atioM if tU Sacred 
 Cwnat Jhc form concluderwith thflfe wntds : I wlft 
 
 .J^^rs ^ thi throne. So help mt God aM ihi/t jJL 
 Go^eU of God. nus^ 1 promifi, anden^aglT^^ * 
 ^^atcd at Rome, ii> the houfe of the faid Sagrcd GonM-e. 
 "Jl,: gJltion the 23d Day of Jiine, 17^^,^ f^] " * 
 
 'Z'- ■'•> .tr^CARmMAL AnT0NE1,W, IVcfea* 
 
 
 
 
 2^. 
 
 i^^^^^^^tmh^ will obflrt-vi that his conftru^M. 
 1H1 of the wprdi « it(9reii(ospeneatmraimpmab0j'M 
 m <viddy at v^iartce with Ch^t which h inc^ated by 
 Rome hcrfcm.—^ (hhuld not have b^cn fatisfied that 
 the popular fenfc imputed to thofc words, w^ difclaim. 
 
 .«iby the^thrtUcs of this kingdom, if the See ofRome 
 tt^ ftcft^ iMtrary J buj^ I »u^own thatAj|»,W 
 
 * . 
 
 it?'- 
 
 "*>a 
 
.-.-|r 
 
 Roiii^ Itfclf, a» I read ic^us ft^entnly made,s^nd^asf 
 ^ knovi^ from *hc mcitt tjithcntic cnHatCTtl aitii^ ' 
 that iiot#ithftanding itic i^lrffecuting fphit aVow«d . 
 fomc hidivid^a* y^ritett, kfld manilcfted alfo by fomei^ 
 dividual Pont^ that fod^ « Ijfirfr is not confiftcirf 
 with th€ rixog^tured dtx^nAci of the Se^ of Rome.** ^^ 
 Thoujfh all fuppofitions againft the declarations of th^ 
 Roman Pbntiff and ^he catholic uoivcratie* arc ^in, ti^if 
 writer oflfers an argurncnt of more imprtfii^g authontyj? ; 
 €?pable of redutingtQ filen^, ^ man ftcdcd againft coii2 
 >*iaion, if deep rooted prejudice, combiiicd With iniereft^" 
 coijld be filent, that is, the Catholics of tfc« United Kin^ 
 dom, rather than take an oath, laconfiftent with th# 
 principles which they proftsfs, haveluring the fpaccof 
 one hundred years fubmitted to all the penalties and cKfsif 
 biltticsof afyftemofpenal laws; the mod infiiltiiig ai^ 
 oppwffivci that human imagination has yet rtiggeftfidf 
 laws, which^that celebrated St^efiniii Edmund Burke' 
 called/CT-oc/Mtt ; laws of which tht Catholics of Ir^and in^ 
 their petition to Pariiamcnt for a mitigation hf : •• f#' 
 near one hundred years we, ouf fathers and grand;v^ 
 fathers have groaned under a dad<^ laws (in fomepv!li? 
 slreidy purged from the flatutci^ fhc like of which,', 
 aoiige, no n^ion, ao cKmate ever &w."--«^ P^rUf^; 
 
 In the^pi^lf^ A^^ •:iiilf ^ r 
 
 avil princtplsi, ^e areuoaltcraMy, deteplyand xsjUouC*,- 
 ly, attached tokb Mtjefty's pcrfon and government ; ; , .-* 
 with regardf to the fconftitttion of the aurch, wear^/^ 
 indeed, inviolably attached ,Jto oitr own. firft,b«cauit^ 
 we^bettcveitto betrue-^ W.i^tbccaul^, t^6iKLb».,.; 
 W jf*"^*^ **»« jt» iirinciplet are calculated to inalfti' ? 
 ^"^f^P**^ »**> g<«xl men and good dtfaiey'*-* 
 
 *W»«.«M tciUinowjr iiow puUie. iiMir!Ei°audl*iid& 
 WgHio«|«iW«J tht^mmiM fear jtiiiiion. t W 
 
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 %»^<^;i The tcaiinooy of rocn^ ^o fcnew^)pr{nq^ 
 tf^ ®?!^J»«rrdigibn, whp bcl^^^^ %!p truir; Ji^pd whe 
 !^yond>Uef; knc)«r, theai^^g Ijejiiv^n^a^nj^ g^dj If 
 ijtty tod beea as cQt)d<ceBding ^ Cha^'aA, wln^c .com*' 
 jgarfaucc in profeffinfg a f^^ith, whi(^h, ,]i^ ^ did .iidt|,b^Ucve- 
 tnic, in compliance ;wi t h the rpju.naioi^ of the i^ui fi- 
 
 ti(>i^ diii^caftigAtiK la;i?icnt^, they vKOuM-H^ 
 
 fiJenccd cpnftieBOf^ and by a?|oath hiiy^ fr«^d tfieti^Ives 
 
 top* .^ di/^biiitics. /|t is" l^e^ire^ m tW 
 
 • •**»*^^^;/.^ufi-v/t?sl? s-^w^' '^'■■" '-lr#- ■'■■-!--■■ ■■r.:-.v ^;..-ii, ■:;;^ 
 
 ;3efQrp ttie vwit^r pracae4^ tir^difcii^ 
 ^J^P*orfs;#Pfasb t(^j?erplex thetrtifW the p<M-petual 
 vifibility of Cteift*s, jphurch. tfid his 1^1 endeavours 
 ^ i^Mve 10 oi^f<PBf y a truth.^hich ej^tortg the affent 
 qf the ui^biaOcd under(\apdifig^:^ie frrids it ne^cflary to 
 inform the uppreju(^iced reader that ihcreJsno articje 
 of doann|,,i5o |>#verfij(iy «Mjf\|nderi^^^ bjr diifenters. 
 Ql,di^iieat. de(criptia|is^is..rlic p.)pe^i primicy or ftipre^ 
 
 . J?»^trM A-|» <»l|fd^^ ^ w almoft invariably nufr^re. 
 fcnted,foriieiairongh ignorance,, oth€r8tKn>ugh5ard 
 JJ^?iS^5l>?oiigh a^a^jpjy joot^cl pf^wd^cp, A^hich^fc 
 the appcaraijice^if , ji^jUu: reality j^f' (he moft vii-^Ient 
 ^n<;W^ l^atf. itemjrdy diffc»aii,^,m what ii is |p re^ 
 »«*-te J?£rfua4e .^thenvfiilv*^ that this ydeofi^t^^m^^ 
 
 : which It takes in their canccred imagination, is iiW 
 thing real ; hence th<^ furr^.m, ulpt lai^aiiiona ^^fif^nfelcfs' 
 
 j inveai^ againft all popes hidifcriminat^ J^^n tlje 
 annab.pf ages it^api^ears, that fttiSMjyj^c, 4)|^ii iny^ 
 ^»ntry, the pjt^ , iryxwiaions wefe,n<>| iip^ 
 <^ thuii^jh inj^#ouM:mft»nce^ it^j,^^^^ 
 pnm«c,^wa8 in^erfally acknowledged, -thi^l^lfe^^, 
 
 ^G^Qf rmn eomplia^te is (eizeci pHh^ii^Jifcfi^^ 
 ,-^jeo|j^..^tinfonnd<#ftrutlH Whichvij^jiifto^ of all 
 - »fflirc|e8, .tnd 4c uiitymous ct>iit>nt »f Chfifiiang au 
 
 t ^P' Iff f KiatfL j =rtr=^ ..4 ' .. ' 1 1 I I ' l . — •--' ; !.-—— . -. . "" ~~ 
 
'S.' 
 
 ^'1 
 
 p. 
 
 w 
 
 *-m 
 
 ^itliyvidt^td tratj^,jjl|fy would find this non-tomplUnttk 
 with th^ ^pfipe*i» injun6^iohsJ' did not proceed from ah]p 
 oppo(itior\ to his.pnmaty, of which there was not th^ 
 lliidow of a doubti but f'rom.an idea of his interFcrehc^ 
 oi tl>^ pirticul^r occdfioh beipgiari irilrinjgcment pf th^ * 
 ri^S'|!f ||Mnarqh5» ;0^^^ national if*' 
 
 11^)^, W]i^ ,wcix fecired to tlieHi by'ccdcfialiicalrulql 
 ana cftjioris, ihefc rights the popes themfelvcs pol|cded[ 
 
 |hd excrcircd within ^rtiin ^ limits j ^ but if on any dfS 
 i|0oB tK(?j?g?xtfcnde<J I hcfe rights, beyond « their iimit* 
 khey werp fure of liicetihg oppofition 5^ hence we fii^d 
 |hit Cyprian con fiderio^ the qufeftion of rejbaptif^tionjn 
 a matter of ciclcfiad|c^l difciphnc, oVdr which the AiMQ 
 i(jan prelaVes m thcir^ rtatioc al fy hodis Cijercifed an ikicpo* 
 trouIedjurlfd^j^t^u (^^ to accede to Stephen*;! dcc{» 
 fion, knd red^ wii^^iis threats, .bccaufe h'c tliought \% 
 an cnGl-oachnrent on the rights of the national chufch cC 
 Africa? though no man had j^ inorfe profoiihd refpecfcfor 
 the Ap6ftolic»lSceof Rome, as every fflin mtiftfcc who • 
 reads his works. He calls it< thc See of fetft, the prindpdt \ 
 Churchy the fluree bfjacerdiftaiuniij^ ie. in wee tnanncf 
 the Afiitic hifliops, with Po/^rriijf^*^ of Ephcfus, at their 
 headvConfidcringthccelebcatiftnbfJEjrfkronaiiy particiilai^ 
 <day,asa mattc^^ of m,erc ecclcfiaftical di(ciplinc,withitl ih« 
 juri{di<5tioo q{ riicir natjpnal fynod, not withftan ding the 
 retnonftranccs iflif £||^ Viaor, and his threats of ei* 
 cotiimunication for difotcdience, pcrfiftcdin celebrating 
 iheEaHeron the 14th (iiVofthe inooh withajjcjcws^ 
 yet that thefc prelates never doubted the primacy^^h^ ' 
 i)"pc is clear frogi the leiier wfttten by Polyqratm i# '. 
 theirnamfi and addrcffed to that pontiC " We celebrate • 
 the Eaftcrlnviolaibly,** fays Polytrates," withoutaddiig of. 
 diminifliing^**hc then enumerates. many holybifhoj^ and. 
 fcartyrs wi^.eelebtated the Eafter iu the ifanie manner, 
 imongft them h« namc% St. John, tlMJ.evangclift, ind 
 
 ^- rtilp, «n^piTftic,-wrch his two da\ighteTsr»¥«j7or, sST 
 JlfC^iUs thcti|, virpnsy [it feems this nonfeniical inlHtut^. 
 ^wfeich. the caftigalor hates, waS luthbrifcd i!ry t 
 
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 ■-.. .- . ■. ■ .■■'-.' " ■■. ■*'■■ — 
 
 Bllfea JpioMang fheJr, ^x^plb ic was not alartticd al 
 
 flie j^opc's mcnaccy* % ic,*^ fiys h^, v^^fep h^ve 
 
 Hvcd fixty.fivc y^ars in the Lona, who have communi* 
 
 ^^ with all tb<; brcthrerKwithtf world, who haVercad 
 
 ^ '*^*^ %»Pturc, I aiii Wt troubled at wh^t is pro.' 
 
 I!**l^> .*ff *^ "^ ' ^^^ tNUhey, who wcrt greater 
 gljii i, faid St 18 mprc ncctffa^y to>t^ey God t^an men/* 
 
 ^1 ?«#C cohtfnues Pplyerates, "name the biflbops 
 fl^o ?re prcT^nt, whoiii t . atfembled at your rcflticft, if 
 naftied thena j^u Would fee their grcat.nmltitudc. and 
 *^9wing my Httlcnefs they have ill ndtwithftanding 
 •^^d my je^tfr/'^Eur; L. v, cap. 24. Is not tbi^ 
 language of a man. Who Awrilcs to Ws fej^rior f 
 Wl|o affigns the reafons why he doea not coj|mIy with hii 
 ^Utiaions ? It is rcmarkaWe tKttV In th|fc di(putea$ 
 gebhtn and W^t were corre a, and their decifionj were 
 ' %tlded y Cyprfan fnd Polyctates were decayed, and 
 d^cir t)ppofition produaive of bad confequenccs, as is in- 
 %rjably the tafe when lawful authofi^y is refitted. 
 ^ Itic dedaradon of the ?reni;h Clerp affords i%efi{!J. 
 tie rvidtnce mt opppfition t^^Ke pipe's interfereace on' 
 certain occafions may be without prejudice of bis fupre, 
 niacy. In the third article of tliat declaration they fay : 
 •• |A# mmm tftpir EiclefwftmlPtmter is to bifeguLued by 
 m mtmsr^ r\i$t articles hive been ftrcnupufly iup. 
 ported by Bdffuet X^ %]k^ difme of Jhe declarattpn of thd 
 ^"■f^ch Clergy J yet no'man ever iiifp^ded Boffuet of 
 bring difaffcdcd to the ppal fuprehiacy in its* true fen^c : 
 ftw men have demonftrated with more force .or efficacy 
 the divine original of this fupremacy,/andits indifpepfai 
 ble ncccffity fqr the fupport of order,i:unantmity and ujii* 
 Ohin the Chriftian church. It is almoft^an int»i&«" 
 ^^truth that without oiw fuperintending ppwcr therc^iar 
 bene union or unanimity ; if bKhops wc>e atll indep^. 
 dtnt we feould liave as many fect| and fchifms as thcrt 
 
 arc bUhops of dkordanT" vTe ws7~inj~t^ ChHftbt. 
 
 ^^^''^'^"^^''^^^*'^*^^^* jarnng feas, wKich aredi' 
 jri^i&d fobdivide«< into ^ many ieparatc jbdcticsas 
 
 .. . I - IS, ' ♦% ' » ' , tnere 
 
 ... I, ' Jl t 
 
 / so. 
 
•j/^ 
 
 • ^ 
 
 
 ■ " ~" ' . - ' ' ''.■•.'., V . ■■-■;:. 
 
 therj are kaders, wj^ tend thdr optiiions, aii4 i^ 
 parties, there belii^ ijagcneiaa (upc:^ 
 th6 authority of the whole fe copcenlratcd, aad who S 
 the excrcife of that authority* to fileiicc clafebuf s, tp 
 prevcot dilTeqMps ;^nd difputes, arid to cbhf^ne the 
 reftlcfs arid tiululerit wiihin due bounds, iifti{)p^ 
 by the w|olc. This is ;i truth foilrreiiftibfc thiftSfc 
 moft learned protcHintsadiowc it Melandhda, WfeC 
 5rii affiimcd the name, ia his anfiBirer to Bitiicai^iui' (Ijs 5 
 *' we agree that the ^yerrimerit of Wil^opa m diSerctit 
 I churches and xht Prepdencf of ii^ Bijf^of lidmp^kij 
 theih li a le^l form : ^or the pope's fuprcniiacj! WoutI . 
 tend inucb to preferve amdngft difiereiBt oa^^s tho 
 unity of do^inc, fo th»t were other poiriti agxied di' 
 the popes fupremacy might ly eaiSy allowed.** A|l4it 
 Grptius, a m^a celebjpated^ iii the republic of fett^rs,^^" ii| 
 hi^difcuffioaoi^ Rif ett^a ApiJldgy, givea k as hia ojitni- 
 on,tI^tl*rotcftaniswiUneverbc united with eadh dth^i'j, 
 until they are fo with thofe, Who adhere, to the See of 
 Roiiiie, witWi which he ^^ a.b coijambn %6eihett| 
 or governiaent c?ft Se e^dked. ' ! ^ 
 
 the indents had a j^ ridtidh l>^ J? the fa|t lill^ 
 patriarchal autlbrky, the jpalr jg^hat as well ad the metrip 
 politan jiirifdi^ton they kuew^be of ecclcfialiical righ^, 
 eftablithed eftKfcc by immemoris^ c^ftbi^, as waa that bl 
 Alexandria and Antio'ch, or by 4ecri&es of General CbiiS< 
 cils at was that of €onftantinople. That they^hou^l 
 the patriarchal jurifdi^on vafriaj^te, ijhe hiftbry of tl 
 ktt€r|e<? aforfi amj»le ptobf ^ U wk<,rjgiu^ly ful* 
 gin & Bcriclea j in complaiiance to tl^ emperor, '% 
 Sad ^jfcd his chief refidcnce in ^at city. It was elevated 
 }o the rank of av^ropolitan ; # the fecond Council of 
 Conftkntihopk,'af which ooncof the Weftcrn prclatiei 
 affiftcfl, |he bUhop of that city ^obtaiijed the prerogative 
 of honour afier thebiflip^of Ronwr, becaule, £iid the 
 
 Uhus 0btainc(il a precedit 
 
 :,er the ancient patriarch 
 I npai^ u> the CounicQ 
 
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 ri^alccdon, Aftatoliui^, the 'then1)iftf»p, afrirtwind 
 [ntnguing prelatCv by th« inftuence of the Court, ote. 
 
 |**5^K^'^'^ -""**'*^**^* this ran^of precedence after 
 th^ biflirtp of Rome together j& an extcnrivejurif. 
 4iclion, and fipilar priyil?^ with"i«i new jurirdiamn 
 I9>hcf^wh5ch the Roman pontiff excrcifed within the 
 
 «jtrrarchatc of Rom^ The t^entyeigbth canon is 
 m <^C)i}P"vec| ; " t|ie fathers had reafon to gfant to 
 the See of old Rome its privileges, becaufe it was th^ 
 *^n^city, and ihrpi^gh theY^rhc niptive rhc i5oFa, 
 !rs have judged that the ntw Rome (Con ) which is( 
 Ignored with the empire atid the fcnate (hould have thf 
 ',m^ adYantagci in the c<iclefiaftic^l ord^r and be the 
 llQWid after it;" T^e Fathers then Ipecify th^ privile. 
 fcs which the^ confer on the See of Conftantinople: 
 * ip that," continues the canoq^^ « i\^ metropolitans of 
 l^e diftria^ of Pontus, of Thrace, and of Alia only, 
 jjid the bifliops of thefe <Jiocefe$, which are amongft the 
 riaris be prd^ipcd by the $ee of Conftantinople, 
 ell underftood t|iat each inetropolitan of thefe 
 3 will ordjiii\ the biftidp? of his Province with 
 'Comprovincial bifhops according to the canohs " 
 Jhougli this canon did not abridge in any fenfe the 
 |dpc> fover^ign jurlfdiatqn, nor interfere at a!l with 
 llis authority ^ chief paftor of the church, yet Leo the 
 Great quafl^cd the canOhfor two rcafpns : firft, becaufe 
 ^ fallely aJTcrtcd that privilege* were granted by the 
 Tathers to tijB\Romfin See bcci^fe it wa^ the imperiajl 
 ^•it^ ^Wch w^s a manife^ fatfchcjod : for thic^^thority 
 
 f%|$ Rom^n ponti|Fas chief paftor pf the church was 
 jHved firpff^ St. Pc^eiV and Wa* ofdiyineinftimtion} 
 pd thcprivilelges, whicl^ he c3<erciife^ as Patriarch of 
 Jhc Weft were, founded on immemorial cuftom, as were 
 Ihpfc of the patriarchs of Alexandria and Antioch ; and 
 fc^ondiy, becaufe it authorirdd ah usur pation of the aii- 
 
 TpSrHpWWItp^riarch 
 
 ^hich had bojii ^bnfirip^d ^o them by the Council of 
 
 l^cc^^n the 4th ^hoB, ©f which this canoii ofChalce- 
 
 \ » :. \. ' . . ' .don 
 
 '1^ 
 

 . ¥^ 
 
 \ 
 
 dan T«ft|^ iiotor!ot»s infraaibni rf the jtxflfclt^on of 
 the See 6f R(inxcf^had been of cccieifiaftica! rigfit or iriftf^ 
 iutian, nothjpg could pfjeverir AtiatbKus, fupportca hf 
 ttfe WKdle we(ght6? the|mperiir(^6urt, fntotbhtaining 
 for his See of Confiantinople, aranl; of precedence b*-, 
 ifore th%t See, as he did bVfpre the Sees of Alexandria 
 and AAtioch, ' Th? jurifdiftion which Anatolius obtJiilli 
 cd in tiie diiiri<^s fpecified in the canbn did hof abridge 
 the pope's patriarch?! jurifdi^lion : it never extended to 
 them diflri^ J lior did he at any time interfere with the 
 rights, of the Eafterri patriatiBb in fuperintcrfdi*ng iht 
 elfcdions, and eanoiiical inTirotions oftheptelaicafilPr 
 fe<5l to their Sees j or in other points of church difcipfine, 
 
 , over which- they exercifed their patriarchal jurifdidlioh 
 f:ontroied by th^c^tnons alone, the obfervance ofwhick 
 ^-as cu^Orced by the pope's authority as fucceir)r to 
 Peicr, and chief paftqr of Ghrift's flock. Hence Gregory 
 the Great, in the letter tb Eulogius, Tnj.udicioufly cited 
 by the caftigatpr, fays: ** nothing can redound to my 
 honour, which ^nduce^ to the diOionour of thy bre- 
 thren: I place ipy honour ii^ inaintaining them in 
 theirs." -And, in a letter to J ohn, bifhbp of Sytacu% 
 Ipeaking pf thebMhqpof Cqn^antinople, whohadaffumed 
 the tjtle o( univerfyi ^ijhopi, as if^hc were the only bifhop, 
 ^nd all other prelates his vicars, Orcgory' fays 5 ^^ a« to 
 his faying that fie is fubjed to the Apoftolical Seciff^n^ 
 "fault be iound ip bifhops, I do not know what bifhbp 
 is pot iiibjea to i^ ; but if iip fault rcc^uire its intcrfcr*, 
 encll tl^cy arc all e«ual a(^irding to the rule of humili- 
 tj^.^NrrL. yii. Ep. 6^. fleury, wl^o nfvcr nliifled %n 
 opportunity of depreilSng papal a^thorfty, remarks on 
 this paffage : " tlie:(jb wo^ds Qf$t. Gregory indicate iit 
 I prccife manner, the limits of the power of thc^ Headtof 
 the ChpfpK : ,£^s long as biihops do their duty, lie treats 
 
 jihenfi.jshi»^ equals, but he is the fuperior of them all 
 whisp there is a qucHibn oFcorrc^^ion.'**— L. xxxv. ?: ; 
 t ;;^|ter difcharging a certain portion of foetid bile, witS 
 ^niiCh thii Edipburgh ca^ig^tdr feeni« to |)e greatly 
 
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 ^ **-fe^:' 
 
 
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 w;, 
 
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t :. 
 
 ^. 
 
 ^ / ."^:,3*-:?-'^ 
 
 Wi^iy^f, In .(tenowiaBg iQ;9leidi#m| a^^m the 
 
 mWspM^phfejt, orto-ftiqffilethcgoQdwivet^w^^ Ef* 
 pt^t ^mo^^ he glYcs us all Iht? QOtea ol the c?ithoHc 
 ^«rch.,M taken from Brflwmine. Qycre-^Has he ever 
 jpM a line la the worka of that <:oiitrovcrtift ? J[Joea jj^ 
 »«gl|llf unde«ftan4 the laugipgc in t^ch they i^^ wrflt, 
 tin ! Wwld he coodcfccnd ta oblige us witK a rcFutation 
 ^llarnwuc's rc^fcn bg oiv the ^bj^a l Bf Uhn, hoc 
 ^* fle,h«| done it m a fummary way-^y faying no«^ 
 ^5; ^ ?^^g ^om Bellamine, he rcdtea ^kis pa%e 
 Wp m writenfs reiparks : *^ He. the writer, does not 
 c Wire whether the Church of^^Chrifti he the Romatt' 
 Church or the Epgli(h Church, 6r "a Ghnrcli of any 
 cther^enomination : fuch an enquiry ia, uJTelcls : for.tf 
 4t be Mtcontroreriibly true, that the Church of ChriiJ k 
 gl4 wpg perpetually vifiblc fince the pubfication of the 
 fjcwla^ on t^ day of Beqtccott ^ all the different fodc 
 tj^, which h*vc fincc been formed, aft the qhuTchca 
 .«rhofc C9mmen€emcnt is. «Xcd by catholici to a. later 
 .d|«e, and admitted by the members^ of thcfc ehurchfcs to 
 Mvc pommenccd at that timt, in thdr prcfent form, are 
 ^'f^!k^ ^^^^^ no/piertiona of the owe Chur<;h of 
 Chm, at all times, and without ccflation vifiWe/* To 
 Jhi^lc repliet^ th«tno proteftant church, n^hich proceeds 
 <^icriptural p^ndplc^ aclpnowledgcai a commencement 
 ^ plater datc^than tjw? days of the apoftles,'* |). i «; Hie 
 gmt of di^-mation forgot to remiM him that the firft 
 Froteftiift Church, of which the world kno#t any (jhine, 
 acknowledged it, if we may bcUcVe iuther hiroJ^f and 
 hispanegyrifts. TbU wtriarch of tcforroi^g memory 
 m§mt in his firft tf^, and to ^9 him juflice, it waa 
 |maffcr.piece, - he was allalonc-»;*^r^;S^;,,^ 
 f I alonci" fays he, " rolled the «on(^ ^Tom. ij. Fol. 4t. 
 
 Ihii firft protcftant church commenced in him. an<i not 
 *cft^him 4 for he %m^^^^^M^ ^ tdijiQ- 
 
 
 
 *>-**t' 
 
 B*.'^lJ^*'i 
 
 '.i'J^ ^;La; 
 
' :. M -- 
 
 Doapr Tillotlbn, in his 49th^nnoii,fayt: "In the'lir 
 gjnnin|[ of the reformation, wJi«i popery had bveiMf 
 thcfc wcftcrn partt, apd fubducd her encmki m^iryjk^ 
 and Antichfift (the Pope; fiit %urely in thfe-;^ pd^ 
 fcffionof his Kangdoro4Luthcr arofc, a bold, ft)nfeh man: 
 but a fit wedge to deave afimder fo hard aiid knotty t 
 Wodk, appearing tmfy againft the grofi cntirs ,^ ^ 
 Church of Rome, Muiftr a hr^ time^fioodalene.^ |^ 
 If^ aflurei us, that «« The xtixtK w^ iinkno«|||^M 
 #i«t; ^ mheir^of, vfhta H^rtin Lttthir jSrft^une tl^ 
 the knowledge of the go%l.-r-Ap. B. iv. Ch. 4. Aiid 
 Pcrklni^ the celebrated Profeffor of Cambridge goet ftir^ 
 ther, he fays : that « Before JLuther, for many htindrcd| 
 of years fuch aii.univerial apoftiwcy overfpr&d the whole 
 wrprld* thit the ^ttt^m Chanh nt^as nei vifibh am 
 t^**-^roniJ« Creed, ^^p^ a church olFany 
 
 kind, whether tnie or falle, is, and muft of all ncccffity 
 be, compofcd of men, women and children, by whatever 
 bond they arc united ; at leaft In thi» fubhwary world 
 of ours there is noinvifible chtkrch : ^ tliere txt a0 
 InvifiWe men, women or children to comp^ ii. Tl)|e 
 min who refifts this trutb is not found in head, or 
 he U horribly dcpr;ij>,ed in heart. It is therefore irrcfiftibly 
 true that the firft|it^tcfta^tch^rchcommfnce4ip Luth«R» 
 and, if Aye believe Kis greateft admirers and moft^ feealons ' 
 difc^lcs,on whom a double portion of (jiirfpiril defcenffc^ 
 ed, Vhc Century writers of Magdeburgh, ^ whofc ri 
 fcarches our Edinburgh cattigator is indebted i& aH theie 
 garbled extraifU with which he has filled a volume, i| 
 ended with him x fcr they fty in their preface to m 
 recotja^Uttiry: "the greateft variarions in doarin© 
 a^hinges %cm to impend j 'thus the fins of men de- 
 ^gmwhich' iregrowtqg every day mofc atrodou<. 
 Eiafujus'iaio^ght (b ttb) the flSies ^ the Cenlit^^ 
 pryhtt Martin Luther, by whofe voice and miniftry the 
 hght of the goffpel was ncalhd, as if ^rom the EgyptiaiiV 
 *fe?f '^^°^^^^*^^"^*''^**^ ^^* J^ «f the Ajl^if. 
 
■w|n»mMinia>m« 
 
 
 !"»t ;r ji 
 
 lil 
 
 • i" 
 
 ..„ ^ --■'\--.^>V* 
 
 ■^ 
 
 p'i^'^' 
 
 ^Rere int9 another age ortSegofpeig^ which, ^ -^^^ 
 ^^^i|^pus frenzieSy fanuticifmi, begin |<* spring, ju^; pel* 
 miiua^y. t^ reigjji" and in their jrt^cc to the* /th 
 ^oa. af^ iaincnung that many qri^iither's do<^^^^ 
 wc ak«i4y ^orgoit^..tbcy'iay ^' **:4;%irBih thit^A^i 
 irpug^l^tc^ yie^.has ainjady perijhedy%m}}f^ fuddenly ; 
 philofophy, popery, anjd other feits, faR afid widcv oc- 
 cupy the fi|ft cbJiJr in the tei;c>ple of 60^,^ Wfe have it 
 %tfi |raip l^uthtr and jiB ^ Jirft prot^i^ 
 
 ^uah ^omencnced ^;hiflvJJ;h*,wi9 lS^ ^"f^^^' 
 ^one on wjliich the e(Jificc_was j^xtcd^ aha Jie ftooi tt long 
 
 Una akne ymd wth^i^ithmpiMi4^^^ " ^n<^«3 
 
 ]Nwth l^ni f *:thc fpundaH^in^^a^ TQlt^^^ the lupcr- 
 
 fkru^uiv tumbled into rmns,, a^^ that fudd^Hli they/ay, 
 *\j(tt^repet2i$." pj^Ylg|.;jh^ boaftcd father of another 
 grand divifioh pf the rcfpripc4 ^JiurchiiS, fayi« that' his 
 divifion began with hii^&f • 4> ^^ ^^V^ ^'^" forced," 
 giyshe,lpt;i4* *j|o rcoounciq t|e Gcr^mumpt, of the 
 ,gvh5>lc worli'* • ^M^ia .^aibcen Invariably aftdiiBivcrfrfJ- 
 ^ ^n9S^dfl^d by protcftants' p^'eVeFy d^ftripticSn. 
 phaiingi|H|uai%u8 tjfc rfiaTon, " ,b<ccaufe,*' fays, hcj 
 f* ^fl|%^J|?i>5Jth. V. "they were convincediby all manner 
 of evid^iifx;, as faripturc, iteafpn, and antfquity, that all 
 the vifiple churches in tbf wptid had dege Aerated frotn t^e 
 purity p£ the. gorpcl.*' VJf $p^ii, theft,' cpncludc that 
 Hihefc firft protcftant (!h«rches'd\d isot aft oh fcripturai' 
 principles ; does this laft chlirch, fa&ioKcd by our Edin- 
 burgh call^ator ? \Vc ittaintain, fays he, that we 'have 
 4)nly re^affumcd our original form,after having been tram- 
 firmed inte the ima^of the BeaJ}* I'his his n^w Church, 
 ^^itrefbrc, ha^^n, during k lapfc of centuries, in the 
 %fip of the ^^f^ind thien reiumed its driginal form* 
 To this the writer rcplies,*that if this fancied cxiftencc of a - 
 Cihurrh iP the Imige of the B ea d ha d been rcal^ it wag not 
 
 ^^\l 
 
 the church of Chnft, nor any portion or Integrant part 
 pf the church 1:1 Chrift.: for Chrirt % head of hil 
 
 ^ ' , - ^ apouics, 
 
 
.i*;! ','1^'' 
 
 Siy' 
 
 '•^'» 
 
 ••r^'*i w«; » 
 
 Ifi^biftlcs, «n^ tieir foccefibrt, ind it'i$ animal {jy ^ii 
 fpirit : to fifetend thdt Ciliriftis Head 6J a chiirchin t^ 
 image df this bcaft' 13 tH0 dtfoft >tro<%iis'; blafphcn^ 
 ttcncc it follbU^s tJfat bcfidcs tKis chui^cfe *iri the imagfcof 
 thcljeatt,on^hicbt!ibiafti^ibr'sditorticr^^ bniln li«# 
 beftowcd all imaginaf jr bxifteiicc, there riiui^ have beeii 
 fomc diher church, of which Chrift is, iiKj wa« the hci&i 
 IfitbctfuifithathisttoreHlibsiier^^ vifibl^. «H6 
 
 ha? fidt deigqcd t6 ti^U u^ In whit form the pifdtcftaitf 
 Churches txiftcd jrt tUb^pdftlcs* djty^ * dr ^htn thcx 
 cc^fcd to ftjtift in ihdt fWriti and were translbrmed intS 
 the ima^eoCyi<* jb^aft. nifefeafe abftriife q^cftteiif. Hie 
 ttuth is, i^^ not krtBw ^^ form they eJkift c^ ' 
 
 this prefent day ! ^ekrib^tHey sire iiiimtoujJ, linco 
 hcotcd; diredrdant in their prindpllei Sf faith, a 
 thur<:H difdpline, agreeiiig ih ndthiili but lb 
 ^i%rccih^rtt ind bppofitibri io itrhslt tn«j^ cafi j 
 pery j w<i khoW lTb|p better authority ihik thii cafti: 
 
 ^atdr, that ih thfe apdftlW d*y8 there %^ but one 
 
 ^hurcH pWcflfeg t^ 
 
 participating the ftline iad-atncnti : **»»«/« taptifma** orie 
 baptifin.— Eph. iVi United under the^fitril chief paftor 
 Peter, #hd was cdinmi(fidned hf Chrift td feed hiii flocfc. 
 •^John 3txi. We k^iow that thii oric churcti wa^ a vifiblc 
 fociety compofcd ftot of fouls or angels, or oCherjtk. 
 vifible bdngs, biit of raortalsi lilce dutfclves, fo pcrfeftlj^ 
 united in th6 j)rofcffion of the fanrie faith, participation^ 
 thcfanrtefactamentMnddbedience td thefaijhe chief paftb^,* 
 that th^apoft!<f PauEi, (ays ^ it was ifuMy •* iinum corp'td** 
 animated with*oi«e and the tame Ari^— ^ unus/piritmA 
 Eph, iv. Does tni^ eaSigator pretsn^that the numerous* 
 
 |,6r father ihnumcriblc churches, which cafl thcmfelvcs 
 protfcftant, are fo pcrfcftly united aS to form one com- 
 pa^l body, aninMited by one and the fame fpirit I If (b, 
 ^|>y thcfe diiputes^fly tioiis and variations in doArine, 
 which commeiuj^' wi0 tW teftrmation and ire cVery 
 day increaflng t Ijf n«t; the protcftant churches have not 
 ; rc-affunjioi the ft>rm gf the churck in the, apoftjcs days. 
 
 ' ■'.'.. . '' ■^'''* -^ ' • ,«;,'■.■ DUt 
 
> 
 
 k4' 
 
 
 
 
 ;*js.. 
 
 ^i'^?"*^ 
 
 ^ut perhaps the cattigator, cop^ntfs the re-aflumptjon of 
 tjie form pT the apolloHcaithurch.tQ that particular pro*. 
 ietl»nt thuit^hjOC which he » himfelf chief pailor. Thcra 
 ^% ^(}y» who 'pretend aii, qqual right, , an4 with 
 equal juftlce, all, tbefe he muft^ exclude on the principle of 
 .fi^|defence, ^ni^,,^t the fame ^ime hd CKcludes himfelf 
 
 ^>|ytt the promises Q|AbraIx2n:|) and from the inheritance^ 
 p^mifecj . tp .that patriaireh, who is, if we believe St, 
 foul, the nfother of all, whp believe in ^ijfus Ghriftw 
 
 -Ik^P* iy. 1^. ;*V liithy iced JflaaTJ all the natiQn$pfth| 
 
 ;'^rth be t^effc^," Gen. xxvi^ 4|* St. Paul ifays, that th« 
 nrpn^ife was qtade to Jefus Chrift, that in him and by 
 h^m all natiqijs of fhiLearthi Aould be bleuJ^d^-jGaK iii^ 
 ±§4 Th«,!uhi^rch^^ Jefus Chrift is therefo church 
 
 ^l^^j natipns,And qf.all agea, fpr norfafon can beaifigncd 
 "Wmff; |hQii|(l,bc^^9nfincd lo one 5%c in preference ti> 
 
 , ^fc|im,in the angel Gabrie^fannount- 
 
 ;||:jgjhi^;i|)c^,i:^"tij^ fai4,/*^ (^f his kingdom there will be 
 eodj^-^l-iil^e i, ^3. The church of thJ9.rev«erend 
 caT^igajtingjpaftor, is fo far from being the church of 
 lations, thatiit; isnpt thecjufrch of any natioij at all,, 
 a|icr^;k|f0 yeryfar from being the church of all ages, 
 ^at^^mfelf lays, it was-thc image ofthe Be^ft ibr 
 |pi)y,||gdfey^ and ridiculous fub- 
 
 ^iijgc Wlneh^^c writer rcrocrobcrs to hav^ fecu. In its 
 prefentform, it iiTSw^oppofitc to the church jfounded by, 
 the apoftles as darknefe U to light : for in the apoftolical 
 6huCi:htlie paftors wereconftitut?d by Jefus Chrillhinl- 
 felf, 'the. great ihepherd. as'^,3t. fiul called hrm.—Hcb. 
 xiii, 20. flmnicdiatcly, as the apoftl^ , (Peter, and his fel- 
 low apofllcs, or mediately 6y th^ir jniniftry as Paul and 
 J|iu-naby.— Afts ,3i^ii,^ a.-i • • As they wcrp miniftcring J 
 pt^ehord,)^^iA.pJm '* n^A^onten." Tlie Holy Ghol| . ^ - 
 ^id:^grega!ie far iihe Barnaby and Paul* for the^work, td 
 
 i^p^TKWcaTrcdihieinTtlre^^^^ 
 
 ppofing hands ipn them, they difiaiiflfd thipii;'* (this • 
 
 'mnftnftcalrUtfaJiiiig, Which the ca(%atdr hatc^ wai^in 
 
 ik in the apoflolic^l chmi)h,) and fu on in fuccefllon as 
 
 Timothy 
 

 > %- 
 
 '. «" 
 
 ' C'S V 
 
 Ti^^h/ and g'itus or<faincd by Pauley- 1, 11m. |v,^i^^^^ 
 ^*fik),_ riot ^gfci the gf ace which is In yoju, ^hic^ ^^ 
 «Vcn'to you % pjo£h(efy with the impofiltm pf h>rids of 
 Ee prie^od,**ahdlid Tun. i. 6. ^'^ Fqt which Tiai|p| 
 iTcmind 'you to. rekindle, the grace yi God Dvhich isii^ 
 you, by tl^e impofitioa of my han^s.** TWa impofition - 
 <4f hand*,' wh|ch/we catholics- call the facramcril: o( or- 
 ders, conferred a perm^eut gjracc : for ^hc apoftle fayl; 
 *' It w'lis in him fi-bm the^mc tliat he had cpnfcrrccf w 
 prWfthoodon hjm, by tjie jjiiipofition of his hands, ana 
 #iii fajme^grace was c6rii«rred on others by the apoiwr . 
 ^ifciples*'-^TitU8 1 , V. *' For thia rea(oni left yoii' i^ 
 Crct^, that you nifglft cbf rc6V de<«(3s, and corifl;itute 
 Pricfts ill each city, According to Ihe order^ which I hay^ 
 |«»-givcn you." In this ijiew i^odelted Chu^fch bvcr which 
 "this caftig^itor p^c^jfS, C^rift ,dpcs not conftit^tepaftof^i 
 cither immediately ^y himfelf, or mediately by the mi*r 
 nifliry of Tiis.apoftles, or their fuc(;eflbrsid office ;, but th«jf 
 pepple elect conflitutc and appoint th«r paftprs accor# 
 ding to their own views, literally verifying that prophcqy, 
 of St^ Paul, ad TiDj. iv, 3 : *' There will b^ a timeVhen ^ 
 they will not bear found dpSrinCj but, according to ^hcir 
 feftTual defires, they will colled teachers for thcmfelvcs. 
 with inching cars.** This is the firfl, and a firiking; di^ 
 fercAce it is, between this new modelled church, and tjjij • 
 Church of Chril| in thew apoftles* days ; the fecond is npf 
 kfs remarkable : in the apoftolical ch^r<:h there was bu( 
 
 <u.' 
 
 jaifiJEiith---*' »^a^itt*''-rEph. iy, and thjlt one faith d^ 
 Hver^d to the faithful tiy theif paftors: "The faith onos 
 delivered to th? liiit8"-^J\idc ^ ^ H^ave the form ^^^ 
 found words^ w^uhi^ukieirdfrom rni? in faith and charity, 
 iwhich is iri Chrift1efus"-rr'2d Tim,,i^ iti In the rieatt 
 chapter the apoflle fa^s to llmolhy : ** * hc(^ ^^*"|^ 
 which you havcliejird' frpni me, w|th .i^any witnclflfet^ 
 
 ^iprSaJinngotFie^^ 
 tHcrc a^e as iriaAy faiths * as faces, or fiinfcics— to fpe^ J 
 cohcftly jfcrc isliafiith »t ali» but as many opinions af 
 
 i n ^ 9 ■tA 
 
"1^*?^.*'v* 
 
 •:>. 
 
 ■k>' 
 
 ^•■ 
 
 .mil , 
 
 l-r.i 
 
 ^ folate iiid^v3ua1sc^al>^ of^^ ofSni6of*¥K^ 
 
 a Qired and inevitable con^^uence of that fundamental • 
 ^incipl<;, that cv6ry man mull tajSEc 1^5 (criptures for a| 
 fole rule 0f £iith ; he muft thercfare on pr||icjple fifh hii|' 
 i^ith froiil^the fqriptures by his ou^n' m in othcf 
 
 '^idrds, he m\|ft form hi9 opinions, ind(;pcnd^ntly, op tliat> 
 fcnfe of the rcnpture, which prdent^s itfelf to iiis view. 
 This is neither Ids nor tqore than his private opinion^ 
 the man 1$ deftitute of common ff nfe who denies It. Jo 
 |>ais unnpticed ^i^ intuitive truth, that i great majority v 
 pf proteftants^re incapable of df*ducin^ any opinion at aU.' 
 from thefqrtptureg, andinuft, ^onfrary to prindpie, 6or- 
 towfroT^ their teacher8,pr frQnA-otherswhoc|)ure tolend 
 ^emj^ of thefCi it ;$ true that they have Qeitherfaith^nor 
 cTpinion ; it iis, tliierefore, man^eftly true, ^hat this new 
 modelled Church has not ce*aiOrumcd the form of the 
 apoftolical church ; and if it be true, as the caftigator fays^ 
 and this the writer is willing tp^dmit, thatit was ii^ the 
 image of the Bea^, it yet<:oatm^ t^(^ image of thf; 
 
 jpeafi.-"'^.' '•■.•:>:"'■- '':%'^-.-' ' ^,';, c, ';*-*-'--*__"^' r -5 ; 
 
 ' The fornn, fay phlbfophers, is that which Kmks tho 
 tnattc^r, ^nd diiliBguiflies the fubje^ of which it is the 
 Idrm : lience the fornn of the apoftoli(:al church confifts 
 ill thefe charai^eriftic», which limit thatfociety called the 
 >^urch, and difi|nguim i% from every other fociety. Thefe 
 save been denned by the infpired writers with great preci- 
 fion : theyprofe^ed qneand the fame faith received from 
 paftors ioftituted by Chrift hrmfejf, either immediately, 
 or mediately by th0r minillry ^ they participate^ in th^ 
 £ime facraments ^ they were united as one body, animated 
 with the fkme fpirit under the fame vifible h^ad,£ph< iv. 
 nburilhed by one and thefame fpiritiial food : "4ii Sis art9t\ 
 MjmaSi fiotioi ffmen 6iiar ftantes tk ii^u fiMsariou mdecbpmen. 
 So there is one bread, (the tuchartji) we who are many. ' 
 
 ^tff# A fl t/y ■• fof w e-aftHN ^^ algc J pf t hi^ o n e hx ^ A* * - tft J^oJp— 
 
 X, 17. 10f thefe chara^eraUics not one is to be found 
 
 in this neweft miaelled church pf the Ediabursh caili 
 
 lor. as the Writer has ahreadv il^ewn. 
 
 » 
 
 < V Ki "« 
 
 igaf 
 

 S'/ / 
 
 .'* ■'vl 
 
 this his new«ft modeUe^ cHli^ . bad i^^ origjl^* "" 
 
 iial form, an expreffibn, vftiicli ne do^ n^t uniflitrftand, 
 without ofieritig a fyllable in jt^ftification of the afiferttort, 
 " but as we maintain** the caftig^tor fiiys, ♦' x\it church 
 pf Roine is an anti^chriltian church^ becaiife it has ' not 
 jubSftcd in its prcfirnt fbrjnh fincC' thp :ipofttes' diys.** 
 This he pretends to jprdve, not by ^r|pliisient, bur by % . 
 thapfodical ei^umeration of popes,', cardinals, afclibUhops, 
 and moi^^qJF differdit orders, which tnabkhiin to $U 
 ^ page. If ^hf n^f^n kh6% the force of the t^rnj ^r% 
 or if he knew any thing of the ch^ra^erlfii^s, whi^h 
 fonftitu^e the forQi of a\church, he wouid not be tempted 
 even i^y.xinitlf, to ei^pofe his ignorance to fuch contempt : 
 |s it not aftonilhtpg that % man, whp knqws nothing of 
 the art of rea&nio^, Ihould ^prefume t^ wrke on a 
 fubjedt of deep refearch, with Which he is totally unac- 
 
 ^^uainted.. He might with equal propriety^ rather with 
 not lc6 abftirdity, pretend that the form of a kingdom 
 is changed by thexftablifhment of different corporations, 
 which have bye laws for the reguU«fbn«of their own focle- 
 ties; but he is^^ told that thefe focietiei 6f civil inflitu- 
 tion, hc^weycr diffi^nt their Relative dulled, haVe no- 
 thi«g to do W^tm^e form of the kifigddfti ; m like 
 maWer be is tblij, thitt thdfe different faiifo^ and orcteri 
 ^'Qf eccleiiaftical |n{litutioQ, have nothing to dp wjth tik 
 form <>f^e church. Thdy all pi^ofefs the fame feith; 
 
 : jhey parwpate the fame^ ucraments, and are tmit^d 
 imder thf iame vifible head, Peter's fucceflbp, as th« 
 primitive ^hri^tans were under Peter himfelf; His in- 
 vedlives rpaph |h^ ^poilles themfelycs : for they had 
 renounced everything in this world tQ JFoUow phrift, if 
 Wc believe Petpr.— -Matt. j\%, fcce nt^ reti^uimus omnia^ 
 and thi^ir linmed|ate difcipies followed the example.— 
 
 — A U H ^ fclW?- ~ TI . H . U > H a r y W»-nt^**:*y— m J cmO tVCy 4Ut«* 
 
 cHaftity, p^omifed by all the r^ligpus orders, have been 
 
 recomme^(i|d, though not (Irifl-ly eiflj^incd, by Chrift 
 
 ;il^lhewi3^ ^ (Jemonftration— fee %vicw, 
 
 - V- 
 
 himfelf 
 
I"^. '.^ 
 
 
 
 km.^ 
 
 -.<*..'.. '"¥. ■' 
 
 ■^f. f 
 
 V. 
 
 p.45f-.^«%«4 Tfacobfervance of thc/c yirtiies, if wc' 
 believe th9 caftigatoF, Baa depopulated^ the earth. The 
 Saviour has therefore }.njudic;iou;fly r«<;oin mended' them, 
 ^he ca£i]|gator'& in ve^^ives are not conEned ta th^ ^pou 
 tics ; %\te Saviour CQines in for a fiiare. What s^ ftrang<5 
 ^ntipatby he repeatedly exbre^ ag^infl: that antiquateit 
 /wirlue called <;|ia|lityi There %re, i£ common; fajme tell 
 truths, as many d^u^hrers of diiUpatioit in London and 
 ^<;rmburgh,.a3 thei-e are nuns in Vienna,, Rqm^ Parity 
 ]Bi|kdrid» I<lapks, and iliie dthbr qipitals of aflth^ catholic 
 {{atesio Eii^c^. In thcfq capatals there ^ are daughters 
 ; j|f difiipatipn too, yesi, and tnany^^ bu| they do not a^rih 
 pis caftigating paftor's huniapity ^ his iniye<^iycs do not 
 fIcteQdto thcna ; they donQt depopulate 1%^ world; tfiey 
 |^rt.piouIly engaged in what he '<;a^sj ^tj^i? .J^^V's^ firft 
 
 f'cat duty ^ that is, the, propagation oi the feu qmau; fpecies. 
 aynal thought To too, and fp docs that jfpul fiend who 
 
 ' wanders io the un watered places feeking celt and landing 
 iM]aK.-«-M^tt. xii. 4> . ^ / ' 
 
 ■^ In his next chapter, he pretends, to examine th«, !«■» 
 efcfe^tibility of th& church, that is the perpetual and un- 
 interrupted; cjy|lej?jce which it has always enjoyed, and 
 will coniinuo' to poflefs till the end of tinjc. Of thia 
 .dodrine, he i^ys, p. 13^0^ |rt:oteftants. are as. ftrcnuous. 
 fiipppftcrs as the ftomi& church* Iwt they will npt ad-. 
 jroit the iEjonfequence which the writer has Reduced,, The 
 caftigator, is not the firft whomirrcfiftiblc eyidfjuce ha« 
 forced tp&ift his ground jbut hjs evU ^ciUAj?- has led^ 
 himtoa pofitibn the moft unlucky', that cVer erit<;re^ 
 a0«n*s im^ination, that is, to the image (^ t^ lieq^i thi% 
 is his faft refiige, in it }ie makes a. ftand. The confQl^ 
 <ju«BCe which the, waiter deduced, and which h^ now re-^ 
 peats, i3--tliat iiF it b^. true, and ttue it js, if the fcri^ 
 Wres be not falfej jy^^ts^^he church has flvvays exifted^ 
 ^nd will contin ue ^ie^^ ^ p"til the end (xf timc^ It onifl; 
 
 "^f^y^^xift in CHe 6iliJ^ 
 
 limits, which defi^^sj wbich cojiftitutes and 4|ji»kgiiifhes ;' 
 
 if iheti the fi}rm"cftj,fe$ to ixift. .thd|Kurc)itlPlift^f *^t 
 
 ... - ^ t : . necellity 
 
.^>. ~ 
 
 
 ^'fr'i 
 
 natural or morak without . itac conftltuent Attributes j 
 thus, for inftanc5»^if the matcHais which^^cOtopole a flup "^ 
 be employed in the cpnftrudiop of a houfe, tne mat^riiffli 
 continue to cxiflj^but not thefliip ; orifa'Stat^change^ . 
 its ferm of Gpyernment, awl from a riioinarcby becomi^ 
 a republic,^ itj^ not ^the monarchy which continues t^ 
 exiii under; a EcpubHcan form : for the one fofm tx^ 
 cludes.thi otHcr, but ti^e monarchy has Ceafed to cxi(^^ 
 aflNtl the republic has fucoceded it j in like ttiannwif th^' 
 church &oul4 change its original form, ^ndaffumcthe 
 form of the Beaft 5 it ij not the diurch which would , 
 cominue to cxifl' under the form of the Bcaft j but thf 
 ihurch would have abfolijteiy ceafed to cxifi, and thd 
 Synagogue of Satan would have fuccotdpd, in wtiidi : 
 this Scjinburgh caftigator has, with great tfuth and prb? 
 pricty,; found his new modelled church, ;: ^ . "^ i> -v 
 ; Afln^Wngtljiat the ma^y paffagcs a3a6^^j%y^tffl' 
 witer in his remarks, p. iijO. .^. . . . in fupport .x)f ihf 
 unittte?;j-upced exiftencc pf tjie jchurch, arc of irrefiftibrl 
 authority, tlie caftigator fblech one, which by the by# 
 was incidental, though not Ids mortifying to the fpihl 
 of innovation, ; on.it he de^aims with great vehemence^ 
 tt is thus conceived and cjtpreffcd by the prdphet Ifajah' :; 
 "every weapon which is formed againft tfiee (the 
 church) (hall mifs, and every tongue, which riles .in 
 judgment againft thee, thou (halt conde'mn/'rr^Uv. r/. 
 The writer's reafoning on ,the paffagej the -caftigj^tor 
 tranfcribes, and however irkfome to himfeff,, and uii* 
 pleafant to this caftigator, he agaln^ repeats it t ** If the 
 firft refofnjer had weighed well theforde of this promife, 
 he would have feen that, as he himfelf did not compofe 
 th^ church, to which the promife was l^ade, his oppofi- 
 tion to her eftablilhed doctrine, plated him evidently 
 
 tbcfe tongues, which^a fr lip^ in 
 gainft her, and that of courf* flie woul^ond^mn hiifi. 
 This reafoning is applicable to every innovator, who lias 
 forip^ a^jparty fincc the ajpbftlci* days. , The argument 
 
 •■sf 1 
 
 ■*.■■" 
 
 . ; 
 
 V Si 
 
 A 
 
 is 
 
 ■*♦ 
 
m. 
 
 :\r. 
 
 
 f*« 
 
 
 
 #^. - 
 
 ■■#• 
 
 i': 
 
 
 if infohible if the cxanainant will ad|i|tt that tit jJromife 
 was ma<}c to, the cathoH^d churcli ; if |ie denies it let him 
 affign fpinc Whcr cKurcS yiSblp %.pc , the '• ajpdftlcs ^fif^y, 
 withcmtiFacrjraption Qjrihterriifliori.^' ^"0 this thq eaftiga*^ 
 tor replies : " though thex^i^fch of Roincha»^coiidemne4 
 in(J laU het v^urderQds fafigs as oCtcn as flic could upok 
 thofc ^ho 4i&r with her in fcntipilht.it is nbevir*-^- 
 
 t^at £be is the church of the F^rincc to1P^cace»" p. 134. 
 Thisis'railing.not.reafoningi for.whcfe tKe dSurcB^ j 
 of Roiiae be the (shurch ot the t^rii^tc of P^ace . or not J 
 if is not tl\e lefs true, that ' Jefus Chrift had tlicn o^^ 
 tfkftBsr eht^ch, \i^hich ^ij notcdtMHl of Lwicr alon^^^^^^ 
 %e tfiiertfprc yi^ iocbtntrovcrtibly one of tKcfc men, whicT 
 - 1(^ up in judgincnt agaihflE it, and it condemned JiinnL 
 according to -tjie plromilc. The ridiculous fubteffujje'^ 
 an tnvifible church IS no cyadori ; tov tu^her wa* hot, 
 a member of an invjfiblc churcbi if fuch a phantom toulcf . 
 esift J he was vifible and tain^ible I^Ee other iiien/ ~Thi 
 '^ftigatorstsafubffittitefOr ar|umcAt, ^lla two pagfs 
 ^itk inrc«aivesagainftpapiiii; ^ciir , ddifltrihcs arid^rir 
 Ipneaning cereiS^eV inflame his bile bcypndits ufuaf 
 ^itch, his ilhdignation atgainft the, Jtomilh church ifenows 
 no bounds, bf it millions of his anceffio^ have becif 
 •perfccutecl to dfeatk. Full of the c^elpliicipiri^h'c'pror 
 pkcfits : " \^c view t^e operations of Gbcf as haffening 
 . the ; approach of that, pei'lod, when thc^ friends of Ghrift 
 Ihan'join in halleluiahs, on bcholdrng.j:he fmolcc of h&i 
 torment \ifccnding up for ever and ever,*' p. 1 35. Bui 
 "-asfhcfc inve£^ivc8 and oracles have no more reference 
 tp the writer's argument, jthah tQ t^c ebbing and flow- 
 ing of the tide, they leave jt infolubtc as they found ii 
 inTuIl force againft,th6 firft reformer, and of equal forc^, 
 againft this caftigatpr, and if he- pretends to fiielter hinvf . 
 felf in an invifible cjiurcli, the , writer ViU-apptol «a hW 
 car»f p 9fa \ht par tner of his j^aftor al g^cs,\and (he wi| 
 
 attea tSat the caftTgatbr I? viSblc and tanpailfiicW; 
 
 neighbour^. , ■ V,! ^ .' :':.:-,:_;,:^%ii.^^^^:^'^^^^ 
 
 In his next edition wiHJie Wnfcfch^' to Irtforlb m 
 

 
 }^ 
 
 where thefe^ilHons of his anccftors w|i9.wfrc p^rC^jQj^ 
 to dcatir conccakd themfelvcs : it mUft: have hieciLJn r hi 
 jfegion« ohhc ittuohjiir thclflitid of Kr(>^'a : i'q ;SWtW4 
 .*^here wj^s farcely oneWilUon, »rid they 'were all papi{i|p ' 
 when James V. \ti r54o, ordered four je|3ticutean ojqnki 
 .wIh)» to gratify the fciavingsof |^c belly, hid. K^s^iouhcc^ 
 jtheir ^ocks and Vows, to be arreSecjJLndf, witjiout ' co^ 
 iixkiv\g the Pope or any t)ther pVclate, ordere^i them fy| 
 yjtecutioO {4 difturbers of this public tranquility ; foni^ 
 other apoitate Monks oftbefartie ft^ttip wcrc-^4ifpofea 
 pt in the fame way ^ whco, John ^nox l?egatt to foiMi|L 
 *i:hc 'horii of ^ifcord there was fomc , blood fpi^led on ■ 
 b(>»h (i<Jes, tifiat Was nbt an utK:omni6n thing in Scotland 
 'if their hilkriansi^li truth ; however the Monks, wh|» 
 'had renounced their frocfcs^eing the mott nu'iincrg^^ 
 and the more clamorobs, and\havitt^ inflamed 'Xpjp' 
 . jninds of thjs, people with yirufcn^nvc<Stives, 4nd catu'nu- 
 nioua mifrcprefcntaiions, t)f the iFaith and morality of 
 ^Iheir brethrenv who peiiUke^ ih the oHferyapce of theyr 
 %)ws, foon formed a^ftrohg an^ infuriate partytaiijl. 
 with their affiftarifce" pulted down both church S^n4 ^*'^» , 
 deftrf>ye^ all rcli gioui lioiilei, and pious inftimtiovis, c^ . 
 pelled the queen and her moft faithful fubjecfii, per^tj 
 ,ctjted, and yet continue^to perfecute, with tmrelcDXing 
 fury^ll who refufe to adopt their new opinioiis, llijs 
 Edif.bui^h'cafKgator, fo coiiverfan|i|i.the hiftory of tfie 
 primiMve church, ought- tb know fomcthing of,thc|iii'- 
 
 ^ftjny of his own cou^s^v^ - ■': :zj. \- ,■ :v.v >^.,^^^v.,y;-^:' ■•': ■ 
 
 tJe'i»at;alq^Kf fiys, pi i^Q, t(> know what ttfc^ 
 
 +^WriterxaHs //&tf/r/? reformeriy By the ^ril rcformejrs, the 
 
 writer meattf "the firft inventors^ th<^ fii ft founders, tlie 
 J6i (I authors of what they <:all a R^foiimation, ' or wh^ ' 
 l,tbis caftigatbr calls rs^ajfumin^ aiu^riginal fornv .• ictf to -re-. 
 ' affunve an Tirighial form, is ncitheTTefs nor tnore' than t<i^ 
 
 effec t a Retormatipnj ; and where .there is a reform^tiop,. 
 Thife muft be a r^m 
 
 'ji^5tK(7ut a fubjeftfl , in which the relaticn. is fgurided» ,;i^^ 
 licre canl>c no chUd without k'fathcf, the ^% \^ 
 
 ''.'?-.-.-►",, ,-« -/ z '*^ /. - . venjtotv: 
 
 
 ^' ' ^jf 4ti.^-i&.Lii^-\ 
 
 *i-^ 
 

 I ;,..S! 
 
 
 tentor, the firft fbunt^^ tj)e firft au^^^^ pr6t|. 
 
 ft int reformation was MahiciJiii'ther, a Saxon monk if 
 Wc bclierc himfelf, thoity^h Zuingjiu's had the ^refumpti- 
 titt to claim t^at hbnour"—fce Remarks. ,** 1 here have 
 ^)een/* he ftjrs, " at all timci men who t^fliUed ^gaind 
 papal ufurpaUohs, and other p. llutionsbf the church <)£ 
 ^omc," p 1 36. Wtne, there have been pien who abufed 
 the Pope, fr()m Nicolas, of uiFanious ihcmory, who abuf- 
 'pd St. Peter, down to this ciftigator, ^hcfaburcs all hia, 
 IbcGcflursVbut^thfle men weren^t Jpfoteit^llts i. f )r ^ 
 ^Luthet^did riot find one protfftant ii the Vo^ld when he 
 commenceid the reformation ; he himfelf >ll^a^«i|n arrant 
 papift. at.d (kid maft religioully for many a ydii^^and all 
 liis drblplcs were papias, who renoiinced the i(lith iit 
 Avhich they .wei'c baptifed, and in which they UV^.i^mil 
 this unlucky perjod to einbt-ace his^^ei^i-mation, n^fdi^ 
 thclc railers againft the pope^jt^^^ftbfe ibcicty^^jK^'l? 
 pctually ejcittiiig, pro!e{Jing the. fltme f^kh, and unicri 
 Jinder the tame Jicad t «)p the*i<^^i^, rljeij^i^jn^^f ; 
 communion wei-e c<>htraajift(yijy : vv%t /me M belicled ^ 
 was anathematiicd/byaiioth^r r thus, ior iri{!ahce^^t^ " 
 tellbrians believed tha^|p: ji4is^C^ arcfjiW^ 
 
 peribnsas well as tw(Aiature8,^^h4,FSrychiahs bcl^ 
 Ijutione nariirc and onw peif*Sh ; Ih^ ,^||agians bi^cV^^ 
 /man, by hib free W% u;vafti(led l^il^«%^race,5aj«fe 
 i|fiulfi:li.gthe wh(.Icl*|. the Caivuiiftili fpn tlie con- 
 • tfStry, adcrt that f»cc w#is cxiiuc^rand^ttibcthe wh«ic 
 of man's (alvation to grace aloi\|py £;*ihc P^.k»gani^'«\a!c^ 
 , jths foldicir fight without arms, and' thc^Oaiviri^ in-l^e 
 the ar^s fight without tijc foldier ; ihiy^iffiinitc ia 
 Jabufing the pope, and that cliurch, which is Jnw visible, 
 Vas at all time* vifibic, and will com inui vifible, %\^t 
 church, of which all .the members, though difpcrfed 
 i»vcr the world, protcfs the lame faith, participate I lys 
 fame ficram cfita, and are 
 
 unred imderahcJ^tq ^ 
 
 ',•','1^" 
 
 whilft hundreds of thcfc jarring (cds have di(appeaw6, 
 Jgjii arc lQ:cccded by others, which after making 4 btttc 
 ' th^ jfl th« world, difappcar in turn, to xnalkc w:iy f()r 
 
 ■ ■.to,,....-^.^2:.^.J■■^x:.^' •'•■'■-.■ ■ • 'Others, 
 
 I-*.' .*., 
 

 on orT»t. Piul lii Cor. xi, 15 : " there n.uft he feAi' 
 .n«.ngft ypu that they whn ,r,.ppr,>ved.^.ay te but' 
 
 J^^^":P""?- »ndtHuM.teft their IpvalprfUaft thtf^ 
 *fi;feaed anue with .fe fejider or We.. J thi r!! 
 
 «*ilft.e(llef=ifp,r,t8.attraaerfby novelty. aiKf deceived '• 
 '"■fi*'"" *l"'"fi""' %n,cd'fca, under tkei^ S'' 
 en. k^ers. Our anceftor* fiy, ,he caftig,tbr.' ^^W^" 
 declared their do<arm? fi,unded upon the ft- iSr^ 
 ^rue,£.dld,n thediftrentfea,. ^Uav. fc^ 
 ^^.^^'^f'hrifthniry,- they have alway, end^S' 
 
 '^"|f!""i>«Whofo.haveumf,.r„dy (heWi, ,h"t 
 ,,4hf r«,J5 whi^h theypfctenci toiffix ,0 the ftriotur^* 
 ^ To S^'-^^ fo»fe mtended by the inlpired wri(e7i' « . 
 
 inetnurcnof Rome.he cites Cme pjffiges from si: 
 Bernard, wd, ftther pthollc writer, who declaimed 1} 
 
 SnL rr"/^?' °f ""^ ^'"-^y corrupt and g 
 l^ral, no man doMbt* J but thefe writer, did not 6* 
 
 ctl?',^'^'''' •'" "•»'=" «ascorrupt.o^thaths S 
 c^li^e^had any tendency ,penc<,urag* iSnorality. o« 
 the contrary, thtfe^lcr^ym^n were imptoui becavfe he^ 
 did.nov behev^tiedo&nfs of chrilHLuV then tauri^t 
 ^d.heywer^cprrupt and immoraJJ^X di'j 
 
 ^r hefr ,mp,8u,. e^.rrupt, and immoral clergymen. U 
 
 v*" j^feformauon purged the rhnrrh • tl i?T u. ■. j Trl 
 
 J^T^'^atsth^moft^lou^^ 
 
 « e.r oM concMbines they rpadc new wives -picked ni 
 
 «il, .^,4aught^i of diflipatio,, who difconouSlZ- 
 
 
 V 
 
 
 
 ,..^ 
 
 ^• 
 
 CDQvenUv 
 
 , v,..«#i'.^ 
 
\gh 
 
 y- 
 
 ronvents!, mad^tnem the partners of their pa<tpfcij|p»s 
 for thcf<; were the firft paftors of all the reformed 
 churches. Thcfe ar^ the men who the caftigator calls 
 lijs anceftors. , . 
 
 ' \Th<s ifiiage of^ t^e bcaft, *"id this invifible church, com- 
 Jjpjfcd not of JFairies, or other imaginary phantoms', but 
 o]F mortals, with th^ir fle(h and b(»ncs ahfoiit them, are 
 not quite Ijitisfaf^ory to our ca'fligator : he fpcaks of 
 i^uiTit^s, of Wiclefites, of Waldenfes ^c but theHuffirea 
 were not hU anceftoFS in any fenfe : they were a Bo- 
 hemi^n banditt^, not. proteftants, and >f they had been 
 pr9teftant^.tl\eyVcre'[iot before: John Hufs, who began 
 tQ reform 10, 1409, the fame is true of the Wiclefites : 
 thw were not proteftants, nor had they any exiftence 
 before John Wiclef began to dogmatize in or near the 
 )war x"^^ The ,Walden(©s were nothing lefsthan pro- 
 • tcftants^ an4 th^y commenced with Peter Waldo about 
 the year \ 1 36. The evangeiica) poverty, on which they 
 rcfie^iH hopes of (alvatiori, and fi*rtm whtcli they ob- 
 tained the appel^tiph of j)tfflr /»/•»(/ I-^fcw J, was not of Lu- . 
 tier's t^fte, though he had promifed ^t in bis early days 
 he did tiQUhe^ te& renounce it, together with the anti- 
 quated virtv^^ o^f obedience and challity, and the un* 
 profiiabte auftcriue|of fafting, praying, &c:. This caf- 
 ticator therel^e mul^ find his anccftors cjfe where j 
 l^owever ftrangcU may appear, he nods; Ipm!? pr tnem 
 
 ,| amongd us I^ifts. If by anccftors he roeaiil |he pei*- 
 fonf, from w.bom he w Uneally defccnded, t^cy,'a8 well as 
 rt,c anccftori of aj] his countrymen, were,' indiiTpiuayy 
 
 - mpifts froip, t)iQ yelr 565, when the Pi^sici the i^o^tbo^ 
 ^Gotland il^fC'^on verted to chriftianity, by (he ipiniftry 
 tif Q(>leml|)|iand his aiCftants, monks of the old fchooh 
 Jfhe foutWrn Pids had been cofiverted by the labours 
 pf^St. Ninian in or about the year 436.— Bedc L. iilcap. 
 
 i'\n»' i w et ' 
 
 fcvcnt^ 
 
 years, until the year 1540, when the four apoftatc ifr|ai 
 yf\\wa\ James Vi^j ordered to be arretted, began to|ut8lfy 
 iheiir apolhcy by dectaimrdg againtt monadic voWC^^4 
 
I 
 
 H' 
 
 tlieir prdAigatc^lShlb^ltif; b^^i-^^ ill 1iu!ra'tl!ei^ 
 
 3s ufekfe and unprofitable ;bui* irby his ance1ftai*9' he^ 
 mean proteftants, tfce writer fays. No. tn'-fl^'^h^le^ 
 range of the chrillian world, ther^ Was iidt*<5H? pro-* 
 teftant wK^h ' Luther begjn tp preach. Of thW trtitl^^ 
 Luther is hjmfelf the Voucher, and r£, he did iibt kt^dflf? 
 ir, the xwxii U *^0t the lefs manif^ft ^ for thcnigh tWe^ 
 have beeii at aH times many f prrupt ind itninoral iiicn, 
 and many good and pious men, who inveighed nioft* 
 bitterly againft Corruption and* iftimoraUry j'yet thc'rc' 
 never wa?, and there tsqot yet, a man wirhih the patel 
 of the chriftian church Who doclrfot profeft the faith,* 
 which is taught in it, apd fubihit hi^ private opinions to* 
 jrs folemn deciQons, (u^hil mati is not, nor 'can he be, a^ 
 j:h-oteftant. -'■[^'■'^'r^: ^z'' ':"■ r ■-'.- ^--^-i 
 
 To juftify tbciehis pihMcftaiit ahcef^sj whoffeW 
 ipirit of divination difcovers where, ho protcftaitl? did? 
 ever exift, he <ay8,p^ 141, " even allowing the RoiihifliJ' . 
 church to be the church of Chrift, ^ich Ha^lipHrtefs as^ 
 a characleriftic, protfeftants may lUUhave gooc^i^eafqn fdT 
 charge her with fvperflition and idbhitry.** J^c it m F , 
 We papifti, though rank idolatprs, tnay yef ' We hoFy !^ ' 
 Holy idolatry is a new combinatiinr of ideas :it refemble^ 
 aC geometrical %ure called afqtt^t cjrckt the only pro/ 
 ^rly of Which, as yet known to ge')ittetricians, is, the''' 
 llii^#»i^ty of conceiving or defcribi^g jt. Our Edirt^* 
 burgh C^^igator, In imitation of the VycndnUns, ii^ 
 Maritc^eans, the Arians^ Eunomians, &tc. who fouhtt' 
 paff4g#tn fcriptufeto authorifc all the ckrravagaht fa*^' 
 bles with which thfcy peftered the world, finds a pzSlgtX0 
 rccohcile holinefs witji idolatry. " Ifracl,** ,/iy« he, », 
 . I44, " appears to have been gufky of foihe fuJ)erilitio|y 
 Tablatry ; and yet God acknowledged their relation fo 
 him as i church." My people, fays he, aflc counfeJ of 
 
 m 
 
 
 W9- V VW 
 
 t hey fa cfri ficeupon the tops cf moviO ' 
 
 faiai9ifid%rn incenfe upon the hills. — Hos. iy, lat Md^ 
 did DQt dmk proper to infert the whole palTage^Jri^^ 
 hncrmcdttte words, to which he haa (ub(litutcd?/^p»its,^ 
 
 . .... ;^» , 
 
 • t.rre 
 
 :*. 
 
*'^^*' 
 
 \ , .' 
 
 -V' 
 
 / 
 
 s^-reiint to hw pjirppfec th,e^, , Ihew that, if Cod ac^ 
 l^iowlejgedihcaj for his |»cojple,^ they did not apknow, 
 iedgchimfor their GGidj tJi€ intermediate «|)rds are x 
 •* the fpirit of f<;>rQication has deceived thcni, i|nd thef, 
 hive fru-iiicajted from their Gpd.-** . Wh;it» cioes the idlot^ 
 p etend that Qjid ad^nowjedgld piofelRjd idoUtors ftf i 
 iis church ? God, he fays^ <;alle4 thcn^ hu MPf^i; l>ue^ 
 what then? O^tes he ^now any peopl^ who are not 
 God's creatures I whep diclhe cea(c to be t\^ ^od of. 
 t^e wh*ik earth ? J3^t' God did notcaU thenii;* h^Iy; 
 people i^^nt did God fay t\x%X they had tpy gelation to 
 j^im ^ member^ of biachufch^. This, is thg caftigatoriii 
 Wild Gonjcdurc, wl\icl| li« modcftly enoygH gives ^)r^ 
 Ijuth^n^q fcr'pturc. This |s not a bad fpccimen of the 
 ptiofc adduced from icripturbin fupport of «very fable^^ 
 u hi(^ i| obtruded on thecredulipy o{ the uninformed 
 fiiulritude. r^eie men, o|f Syhpm i^e prophet fpeaks,* 
 >^erc fo f;|jr£rom being holy, thj^t t^?y W^e % moft un- 
 ' fan Aified people : for the prophet charges them not only 
 with idolatry,, bji^t with aJm^ft every Qjthqi: atrocity^ 
 . which degradesL Kuman nature ; they we^c^of the Jewiih 
 >ace it tft true, but not of the J^wifti chHrch,; ^W h^d, 
 renounced it, and were thtn of thq fyrtagoue of Satan^ 
 ^hbfe chief rcfijdencc wa? in Betlwl, pi', as the prophet 
 Qllcdit in deriiion, Eetha^n, that is,the|ioufc of ini| 
 qfiity. There Wtrt many members of tlie. ti uc church 
 difpcrfed amongft ihe tep tribes, whici fromk th.e' time, 
 <|f fchifm effected by Jeiroboam's, ii^pio^s^ policy, wer^ 
 <3allcd Ifrael or Ephraim ; but they; did ii^ot com municatf 
 ji'ith the idolator« in their idoUtro^is iJiforfliip, cftha^'ltt 
 Bethel, where they facrificed to Jeroboam's, jcalv^ or oi^' 
 the tops of the mountains, where they facrificed t;ot)thef 
 |a>Is : they communicated wi>h the true church in Jp* 
 rufalem, where vicltms were off. red, aad inccnfe burn- 
 cdj to the true God in Ihe temple, accprding to the H%_ 
 tfWoTc&t' by xhel\ighl^j^]l^ei[crcch^ini oF^^^i^^^ 
 ivhofc rpiritual authority wai acknowledged M-jtt tlijB 
 mcifjbGis of the truff church. It H . fiiS'^il^QbtAsf 
 
 QOtAS^ 
 
 . k 
 
 i lUk:^ -iii tkstk V : 
 
 J' 
 

 
 
 •r' 
 
 1^9 
 
 IJ 
 
 •» ij«l^ all went to th^ golden calves, which J«ro 
 Icing of Ifrae), had diade, he alone avoided the com 
 munion of tjiem all ; but he went to Jerufajcm to tht 
 temple of the Lord, and there he adoKed the Lord God 
 ofKracl, offprihg faithfuUy his firft fruits arid thhes,"-* 
 Tob. i, 5. >^ thecha|3ter cited bV th$ cafiigator, Juda, 
 in which tribie the true faith, ^i well^s all the fijter and 
 V:eremonies, by which all rheme^beb of the'triie church 
 Werc\inited, under the reprefentitive of AardB, con, 
 tihucd after thYfchiflh is clearly diftinguifhed from lira* 
 el tie idolatrous Conventicle i *' if thou Ifrad be gUiU 
 ty of fornicaHnn (idolatry) let not Juda fiin, do ncJt go 
 into Gilgal, and do n6t afcend to Bethh«ven."<ii-i6. 
 
 To this ^mbjrrafling qucftion : 'f tf the church hi 
 Uit aflembly of faints, why do yoU feparate your,fclvf$ 
 from it," the cailigator replica V ** Let hitn (this writer) 
 bethink himfcif ^^hcther protcftants (cparated themfelves^ 
 or were unjuftly ^:aft out by the Romlfh church, 
 ^hen oiiir , anccftbrs difcovefed the abomin4tix)n8; that 
 were pradiljbd under the malk of religion ought they 
 to hiie quieted their copfcicnces '^lih the c*)iifidcrauo^ 
 that it was the church who dvd them.** p. 14^. "^f- 
 
 This inconi^derate reply convicts them of unwarfanta<t 
 ble fchifm, f6r it admits that the Romilh church, a^ Je 
 calls ft, was at that point of time the aflembly of faints j 
 it was therefore the church III which ^e promi&s^ 
 Wete made, fo clearly cxpripfllvc of its perpetual ajid un- 
 interrupted continuatjou until the end of time, that the 
 caifl^tor himfeif fays, ** proteRants afc' t» ^rcnuoiii 
 fupporters of this doaHne, as the Romifti church ;" it 
 was the church, of which Chrift was the head, which he 
 teaches liyhis minrftcrs j which he preferves. ft* the ap* 
 pleof his eye, fays the caftigator, p. 431. t|i tl|ord,it 
 wa^ that one church of Chfift promifed by the pn^phetii, 
 toW#c^^y'irieap6in«,j5ov^^^^ 
 
 i||c| t^ic angel Gabriel lafid:/' ^ It Oiere will' be no 
 ntf^^J^^ Either it ceafed ta ej^ift at that point of 
 
 tinkjWlt continues to cxift. If it ceafcd 10 cxirf,"*the 
 
 
 i>-'L^. 
 
% 
 
 Mi'. 
 
 w^ 
 
 
 conunuqs to exift, it m^iftcpptiniie wi tW faine forna,.^ 
 j^Thi? truth h;<s bjd'cix J^lrci/jy.^ ifown to^^c^t^nviclion, ana 
 l|s.a (plf|cvi<jent tr\\tfi : fpr the ' ;t*^me .church can no* 
 
 il>6rc cxift under a^difi^rciit form, than a^nniin can ex lit 
 
 pn(3cr the fonm,of an ;iis, qr i inop^rchy under the for^ 
 ,pf ajj, republic. Tfei^ is idireci proof, which requirei 
 ,ino|ic fcphH^ifal ppwcys'tWn this Edmburgb caftigator, 
 
 aifiiled by )iia: ^ifit of x^ivination, poffv^Tes to elude 
 ' ic{»r|tc frojti the church, to which the promifes Were 
 ^Ipt^^g, ^o4 V^¥c|^ in yirtu? of thefe promifes moll enjoy' 
 \||p 'uninterrujpt^.^^^ until the clonfummati6h of 
 
 ■J ' limei isip«rnj^nife{l1y a , fchifiih th-^t the |nan i is, diyefted 
 i|:jryCQmrao^ feQfe«, who denies tt. , v 
 
 r ^hethef, tl\efe hi3 anccftors were unjuftly caift out of 
 I the Romiib cKurch, , a« thf caftigatdr fays, or fcparatc^ 
 
 ., uibcipfelv^s ii;oin it, is the^ciiriftian J'Qrld ^knows. he ad- 
 
 i^^fjmlts ■iha^^t yf<^p ^^^-1 ^^ )? *Mf ^^^^ ^^\^ ^^ 
 . jtl|c inftant Wore tijc fe^ratipip, they co'hid neither he 
 ' jpa4 oujt of it, nor feparate thenifelyes from it. He thus 
 jicknowledgjcs that thefe ancerfof?,^ whpin nc fpdght a* 
 tnongft tljie f^uilites, Wi]£le$tcs,8ic. were irfiagi nary : ' 
 ^liqt 04^ of them was in tfce R()mi{hc|jui:ch at that time. 
 ^Jfir^i wherHer the abominations wilV which he charges 
 ^^tl^^jRoir^iili chufch, be real or pretcncleci, h^ admits- that 
 ■ ihc vvsi^ th^ phurch-of Chrift : " oug^it they (his anceft- 
 prsj to 'have quieted their confcienccs with tbi^ confi- 
 -.iJcration tha,t it was th^ church vtrho did tiiem ?** It is 
 , therefore true, th4t they wcr^ feparated iroijri thie church 
 
 1 
 
 ID 
 
 jof Chrift, and cpnfe<jucntly from Chrtft himfelfi w 
 
 Jf hcadpf Ms churchy and teaches his church, by the 
 
 /^niniftry of its paftors ^ i^ fucccffion from ^t ia- 
 
 ';^0fllcs, aciprding Ito fits proriiife --*Matt. '^H. ' And it 
 
 '%i ojually true, that the church of Chrift' did not begin 
 
 -*-:^ith them-4^1t«gai ia exifteace, fiftefia xgnluricg belttf^ 
 
 nor ii^s it continued in ihem, for they^ad no prelccef- 
 foKf^ and without a pr^eceffor there is no fucc^flian y^ 
 ^ontinnjttion. Thele' krh intuitive \i1ithi wliich hear 
 
 i.>fi<u *i«'«^ 
 
*-''l. 
 
 r,,'.- 
 ■^ . 
 
 ^m^ 
 
 fo fejJlf . ' However, numerous ,,the^part'^ps<ir^^^ 
 J)ic8 of thefe his anccftors; who were unjufUjr, as hc^fay^s, 
 fcatt out of ^hcRomiCfi church, may be ojn ttje l>rclcn| 
 ^y, it is hot diSicult to aJJign tlw time wh^n 1% con. 
 fitted of niiirtbcr c«k Luther politivcly affcrts \t .: '" ^ 
 If-Ji 1 ^ atoned* '\prim«yolmera^^^ HU paijegyrm 
 tilloifpn affurei it : ''itjood a long time mht:* the 
 day, the hour.' even the inliant Before fie began to diog. 
 inatife, the church exifting without ipterruiJtioh wa| 
 in being. All cyafions ire vaih, fubter^^^ 
 wild and extravagant decianaatiqns againft real dr jma- 
 ^inafy alwlcs. vinilcrit invcaivcs againft fiaitioUs pr 
 exifting iboniinatioiis may divert thc^uninforiiicdHom 
 the true ttate'o? the queftion, dr enfiame the ^thui- 
 aftic ; but t^^ caniioi convert "irutlj tnio falfehoo|i[ 
 nor can thf^ transi^&rtii an imj^ofto^ into aiis apoftlc. 
 Though riaany well-meaning mch have been milted, fc- 
 iiuced bV the hjle talcs ot rcformationo fe j* ji^V*^ 
 Icfs^true that tiicii" teachers have^ been olF the numljir of 
 llliefe mcp; whom the apoJHeJ^^^ 
 •* but yoii iHy beloved i'f member the jwordsj^ which 
 w^re fpokcn by the apoftles of our Lord'JefuS Chrift s 
 for they Kaxe laid to yoii that in the latter tltti^ there 
 Will be impoftors, who WiH follow their fciiftialdciircs 
 full of impiety j tbefi arki^ w^o fepardiiihemfehes;' 
 Judcv^;i8* 19. this apoftfe, Appealing io the ant^^^^ 
 of his fellow apoftles, d^fignates with The mtoft accurate 
 prccifibn the charaOeriili^ of alf Ifhiwftors : ** r% j«,^ 
 fays he " iht ferfins nJubS fiparSie ibmfilves:* Fpr as aft 
 the apdftles had heard |cfus Clirift'declare that he «^oufd 
 be wkir them until th«^ end of time, MaUj, ult. they 
 HghtV concluded that the fucceOion tjf paClt^rs and teach- 
 ersj commenced in them, rouft contriiUc until the cud of 
 time, hfcncc a fepara^jon from that fuccfeilSon, they-taUght 
 te^fallitf to cofidder as convindng evid ence of im- 
 H^i^^ Ivis, in truth, ihrmoirprirn and frwpte t^^ 
 mcdy aMinft fchifin and herefy, that wifdom can pre- 
 fctibe. Xhi the iame principle St. Ea»V%^ioj^ of the 
 ._.;^-,v3 "•-■.. ,:..;.. ",Aa -.-;,. ^Iea4« 
 
^' ^ V?^^^PH^^*^"g^ ^Jcc"^ byhim, Anoft 
 property fiKraking, dimiigut&cd by that ^itM,%^ 
 Jc 18 condemned by his own juagmcnt ^autQht^ritos ^ 
 |ifhyfo? Bccaufc as he appears a:Mhe head of a partir, 
 and c^nouamehis pipcdeceflbr, he ptibfiGly decla4 
 hirtifclf an innovator, ranks himTdf amongft thofe, whb 
 1^ratc.thcm(^lv(^, ,hitoi eifin U i^^nzent^ eautm, 
 , marr tbey wbaj^arate ibm/etves, Jude 19. His app4 
 to thefcnptures is vain j his pretence of re-iflumingthi 
 primitive form of the chtJrch, of of reinftiting the 
 ^hurch m its prifflittve purtty is an illufion : it he cannot 
 ^amc his predeqeflCor^ he unequivocally feparateshimfclf 
 v^m the chu^h then m being. St. Judc calls him an 
 ftppoftor, St. Paiil caUshim a\6^rtf//i:>^^<i„^«„i;^^^ Hii 
 appeal fo the fcripturesM his condemnation t all itnpof^ 
 tors have appeiricd'to the fcripturcs : it is the lail rclource 
 <tf impoftiire : in the rcripture there ire many paffiig«i 
 of ambiguous figniBcation J impoAure eafily finds on« 
 or more to countenance the opinion, which it intend^ 
 \^ diffeminate in order to foi:m a party, then gives its 
 deluded followers the fcnre which it lends to the infpircd 
 writers for authentic Scriptures. Tliis artifice of impdr. 
 l:|ire wasin full force In the apoftles' days, and has con: 
 tmued dowd ib the prclent day : St. P^er feys that the 
 ^rmngs of St. Plul, in Swhich there arc ftmic things not 
 cafily underftood^ « dufn^itar were diftorted b^ th«J urt- 
 learned and the unfettled to their own perdition, whilft 
 S^. Paul -wa? yet living, and thcfe infatuated ^en did 
 not conHne themfelvci to diftort and pervert the writ- 
 Ings ofSc. Haul : ferPettir %s tha|! they diftorted 
 the other fcripturesalfo. Pet. a ili. 16. ^*^^c precaution, 
 which the apoftlcs prcrcribed agkinft this artifice of irr- 
 ^^fe was fimple and effeduai : «Vbut you my beloved 
 rcihcmber the words ^faich were fpoken b^ r the apoffles 
 
 hfo^t \JvA Jeto C'hrilt • for Aeykw &tto VoTIS 
 ih the latter timf^tK<>r<* Will K- ;«,U„/i^_-. „.i._ n'..! r . 
 
 ih the latter time there wiir be im'poaors,,.„„ „.„ ,„.. 
 fcwthdh^ ftnfiial defire^ '^J^btmasr fidi of Jmpiety : 
 
 who will fol. 
 
-iu, 
 
 ^ 
 
 4m 
 
 J' » 
 
 V: 
 
 *lienV the few feduced bv «.« ^f*- ^S"" ^^^ > 
 knowa by their »,o^. Z **?' »ff .••npoabr virerd 
 three J^^^'^" "' "gf"' . *»con«. an< 
 
 hundred batfiom ' «f f /^^ ■ ^ ^^ "^»4 of one, . 
 fiW V ,S;„ tin,e the «.Lt .f^K '"^ P"""*- 
 
 errors^ vet lhcrewa»a .{««. iL ^^*^'"*J^5" "wnth thctt * 
 
 'o the ^f «^/ ' ;r «^» IWn,at;:: 
 
 •>*, 
 
 ad. 
 
-r 
 
 
 
 .■I'fe, 
 
 --.V 
 
 r" 
 
 >' 
 
 
 i 
 
 X^^'-, + '' J'' ^, ' %'• M* 
 
 * * ' ' ' I 1 p 
 
 out* farther difcuiSon ^^irf^lfe 
 lioCluTes Ve detc^ed, the^^ounder bif the fe&^ ceafcsto 
 Keficve the faith* which he himfelf profeffcd to 1)c!ievc,^ 
 ^e faith in wh»<^h he wa^ tiaptifcd, feparatcs himfelf,' 
 amd bjr the v6ff faaeondcmhs hitnfelf.' *Sec TcrtuH^V 
 
 TheCafti|r;itor, whofe c<^nfci^nce teems to he bf an ac- 
 coirmodatin^ textiirc^ If we may judge frorti the . 
 ^imen befdre t!s : it permits him toMfify the fcrip." 
 fures J tip garble the fathers; to afperfe^ (he mettii&ty ql 
 
 . C^e dead, of whbm he know^ nothing, iti order to brni^i. 
 an odium qn '^he Hvin|, to Whom 'Je infitJioiilly ipi^' 
 putes doctrines which they detail; tbinjlj:^ th/t his an. 
 ^ftors ought ^ot to <^uiet their confcichcef feeing the 
 aiboniinatibns' which ^lie church did, p. i4a.''irthey 
 themfelves .wetc ,not guilty of thefe^bbminations, the 
 writer fcei no Veafon for that pr^tct^ded anxiety of ctm- 
 fcience f nionftrous crimes arc^ily icpinmitted for which 
 ihe {^ilty are pe^orialfy a<ccouii||ble, pot the innocent : 
 the qrime's aho e^ceffes of many minifters'isirthe ]ewi(h 
 church were public and atro^ioU$ iti ][er^iii|ah's days ; 
 Iiei inveighed mofli bitterly againft tlje crimes of the 
 princes/ the prieus and the' people ; but h^ did not f&< 
 parate himfelf fi'om the comitiunipn 6( the <:hurch' ^ h 
 tomtnunicat^d wit^ thcrti v^ry^pricfts, who^h^Tea^ 
 
 , lured in this teinple/a^ft^d a( theiir facVific^s and public 
 offices, endeavoured to reclaim theipEi, but i^i^ not pre- 
 fun&eto reform ^he fakh i>f their church or withdraw 
 fiimfelf fronr the thnporal jurifdi^io^ ctf the prince, or 
 die i^iritual aathorUj' of thelfiigh pricft. Hie prophet 
 lllimud did not iedarateliimfelf from the communion of 
 Ptii's two fonsi who mmi%red lA-thc temple under 
 their father, thbughLthcirconduai^ the miniftry' was. 
 ndtorioufiy^fcandmRf ndi" did he prefume to. change 
 
 . t^c ordgtjdf the prlefehOod on thaf a (XQimtj^fa- Wc find 
 Achias brother to AcfaliCJbt fon to Phineas one of meu 
 v^cked prie{ls,^high prieft In SauVs days.-^ift Sam. xiv. 
 3. , Tlic'minliUrs of the Wmple ifirc corrupt ifk Herod's 
 

 •*■ 
 
 
 •#.. 
 
 A' if 
 
 frdqa their oointnunion^ ^^n ^he contrary he minifiered 
 wirhthefD i WL^4 tjie veperablc Simeon Wicbdraw 
 Ijiitxifelf frpmei^PKple : he was t^ercLwhen the virgi^ 
 ca^c to prefeDt hwiip|i ;w:cordmg.to the law, and the 
 |>rophetc6 Anna daygr^er to f hanuel did o6t dcpat^ 
 
 |. r from tjic tciiipK^ Jurying God night and day; with 
 lifting^artd prayer In ;^ ftatf pf ^idowhood from Jier 
 tSLfiy days, Lufc ii, 3MM k ierving God by allthfcfc 
 linprBfitable aupriti^^ ^n^ nrif^njiml r'tUs which^^^utlicr 
 ^ and his affocwtes renou'iKcd, aod w this cafiig^tor • 
 
 4 Ha|e9«, as derail the fons of Epicorusj "* . 
 ; ' Finally, tl2f'SaYiQu^'hlp)fl^ though he fevdrcly ce^ 
 Ciir?d«ic4o^pri|of^elaw, the Scribi and Pharil^ 
 / continiied' to compi^ics^te with thcnj ii|. the|emple,^ ttn^ 
 tU the 4o^ of his Wrt?il life. |le acknowledged that the 
 (ource 6^ trye religion wsi34p-Jcru&^^^ the true 
 
 tiith iya?i tl^cire* not elfev^here j though the fchifm of S^T 
 tnaria HJi4 cjiimmepced i|piTiedj|a{cly after the death' of ' 
 $olpmbn, and I^a4cpntiiiued under diflfercnt princes du- 
 l^ing a fpJicc pf ope' tl^oufand ye^rs, the Saviour did not 
 the lefs condemp it ^ ip hi^, anlv^ei' to the Samaritan ^wo' 
 ^an he faid : ** ^ (the Satnaritans) 3r4ore what you I 
 do not-l^ow ; we (the Jfcws) adore whait we know^ b$^ 
 \ €a^fefalvatmis fraj^ the Jruit," John- iv, ii.' \*< And 
 when he l^aWd th^ Igicrs he fent the Saniaritan to the 
 
 I -r|r»cft« ift Jcrufdepi^^is well ^s the Jews/' Luke xvii, 14. 
 
 ■' ':;-^it delicacy^ <tf^ conft^ce, which wopld not^ permit 
 the caftigatpi^^ anccftors to coptinup in the <;hnrch of 
 Home, thougJbi confe^dly the true chui:ch at the tipie, ' 
 fcems to b^ of a fading nature : it was difcoloured 
 when Luther, o^ndcd at t^c.oppoStiop pf die Zuingli- 
 ans to hi^ dp^rine of the real pre£bnce, beilowed on 
 themvntha liberality bordering cm profufion thefc fa- 
 yourite^epitbcfeilwhkb he \ha44n^Tcfcrve for the pom. 
 XXkcniOf ihmned fetltn^s vfho dra^^^ others to bell; fenfiUfi 
 fiflvim% W9rtbiitfi damned miJcreanH M whom it was not 
 k^K/fidio ^raii endrcling ^e Zuingli^ns with devils 
 ' ?' m. within 
 
W^\'^'S\ 
 
 > A\ 
 
 to6 
 
 , V 1 ^1. 
 
 y^ 
 
 
 ^tkb and wlAoOt, ib^ye skn4 bcbw, feiefcu^ and t^t 
 $)rii, to.^hc right and thclieft, T. a. i 30^/lic ?!^um|:' 
 Haiw. in return cs^Udd hirti ntn^Ppfeynft^Am'tchri^^ rhcy 
 {xublKhecf a vraiA^ y^ ektai^t wj^ich thc| entitled 5 -<^^/if/f 
 tlfttv^nand/t^^^iik^i^ ffhi^ther, . In it they fay'f 
 
 ought ^o be 
 fifiye cj^prcCSv 
 3 left ]*s fonie^ 
 mcly faittiliai^ 
 believe; me^ 
 
 A' 
 
 tha^t jiicople n\|i<| be ai i«ifcfc4 ;^| he, tp be^r his cxtra- 
 ; va^ncc^ th^it he diflionDured hia. ci^ a^c, tnade himfcif 
 coni:eitipt|b|e bjf "kis yiplcsnce \ 
 ^ ^a^ned lo $11 KU bdok witfi i^. 
 4?n^ sw>d fc, many de yi|£ In 
 anecdotes which intiffi|^tl 
 • witl^ the ijiirit c#d|ri 
 
 ioow the devil \ycU,;ycii^'f^ well/^ t<)in. 2. ?d. kri;^* 
 loU 75^. j|n ataepiftl^to tiSi Ele^r oiSaxprf^ h$ fiys -^ 
 
 * the dcyjl, foipetiines d?knce8 <;hrovgJi my brain io that 
 l<;4n neither write 'narrcid,'* Tom. 5. p- ^,85;^ , In. 
 another place he fays : " fometiiQea he walfe;s wit^ji me in! 
 the bed chanaber, when I am withjo^ He does not hurt 
 9»<?..Ntwhpti he finds me alone hb teaches. i|ie man^hcrs,***' 
 Col. men. r 275. " I ii^ve," iiaya he, ** eli^ewhere, a 
 d^up]iet>f wpndprful devils by w^m I am cliligen^Iy and 
 iijltccntivcly watchjcd : they arc not vulga^r^ but great '% 
 
 i^l^oifs, yea aniongft the ijlevils they aro^ gr/ea^ doclora^ 
 
 litheology,^ Ibid, i a3>. IfwcWwvehimthii (pint 
 of darlMjdst Hept with him more dd(elyand more ffe^ 
 qucntly tha9 hfci . wife Catherine Bor^e, '■ '•'• Diaboius mitH^ ' 
 
 freqiteniiui AP'"^*'*f ^^ occubare^ fiiet qmtm m^ Caihth 
 rl/»ii/' i*/<W^^y» Th«;difci|^«| <^ ZuingUus were 
 thtrcforeg^m)W|iri fkyiil^at he otvgbt to be aih^j^^^ 
 
 :i^ filling lB%oSs with fo many devils. Lutber's^li. 
 
 iCacy 0^ confcience muft have been fomething more thS^ 
 faded when he' and his friend^ a^d fellow refor'mera 
 PhUif M^Ian^idn^ Martin Macer, Anibohy ConMn, Adam. 
 jfohnLenin^m, JhA^s WinferU and Dems ^^^ter, autho- 
 rifed the Landgrave of Heflje tq cohabit with bfe two 
 wi><^a ^^h^famet lme- - ^See Re v kw- fi^ ^^^^^^ \ . 
 
 * A^e cannot bu| adniifre the tenderttefs of thefe mea^ 
 IV <»nfd6iiAe, which wouldttot permit ' thcmi to continue 
 
•■ 
 
 'M~ 
 
 Ik" 
 
 for 
 
 toy 
 
 ■'-*^?.?''pi'''i*^^-'-'^ ' 
 
 in .^Iic Tldnnlli chuVcH feeing ttc aiSbiiimatic^ns, wWck 
 ij^cyjawj of thefc, hoover, tli^e greattft would hive 
 cfcaped LtithW's notkc, if that fpirit dldarknefi, witk ° 
 ^faofii he was fo well aajuaioted, had n6i informed hitii. 
 •— See his cqnftreocc with the Eeiid* fcVicw, p^ i|o. ;[ 
 ^ Zuin|Uui too futfcrcd great anguiii of mind whitft 
 he continued parift prielft oi^f re Dalrto Hcrmitfs; 
 in the tantdnp^ Zurich; but Uic Refolffti^dii having 
 l^ilie^ed him from unpr^tdk aupHHes, nm0nfictil ritet^ 
 and ill religious rcfli-ainti, which the iNpliat)' of thf 
 
 v_ ^poftles, and their immediate Tucceffors, #Oiig|t nedl 
 fary for th<? fanaificaao|> of the miliiftets ^thc'diurch | - 
 /and the rich young widqwhavin|r cheer«d hit finritt, 
 ^f P^^ffed by thefe ahominations^ his aiixictj fubfjded j 
 his Cdiifcicnc* was dilated ; he could then Mn in com-'^ 
 munimi with H<^rcuk!i, Thcfcus, ^uitoa, anrf H t^ gods 
 and heroes of fable.— Sec Review, p. ijii. fbc Writer 
 i* left to co^aje6urc, whether this Edinburgh caftigator- 
 dates his pcdigffcc from Luther or Zutnglius ; but as 
 hecanshimfelfaproteftant, audfays ihathis ante^rt 
 
 f were caft out of th^ Rowifii church, he muft of m neceffi- 
 ty date from cither the d|ic or the other : for it is in- ^ 
 qontrovertibly true, J^tihey have been the fir{i Ibun. 
 ders of the two grand ifiviijoni-of the Rcfomation ; 
 and> however numerous or difcordant the fub-divifions, . 
 
 -they roiiU all date from rMs fixed point. 
 
 This boaaedtenderncfeofconiHence, iswell defatbclf 
 
 :^ by Erafmus, a ctf temporary wriur, who was In the con- 
 fidence of the patty * though he did not tink proper W 
 unite withthcm^ " Whatfort ofan crangclical raccii' 
 this?" faidhe,>« never wis anjj thing feeii more licen-^ 
 tious» mor,c feditious, or 1^ evangelical than thefe prc^ 
 icndcd Gofpcllers, they 'ittrench vigifa and offices of 
 hight akdday ; bccaufe they ire, l ay they, Phari(aic8»t^ 
 perfti^p ; Mt they ought TO f cplfcc mm witTraS^ 
 thing better. They ou^ht not to become Epicuriaps 
 |0 avoid Judaifm, they eradicate inftead of weeding ; 
 *hcy fct firctothe hdufcraftead of (weeping it. Luxury, 
 ; debauchery, 
 

 lot 
 
 
 Aiaucficfy; vicfifey ;|f% IWrtplTes^ mdire tti;Mi ^vdr | 
 there is no rule, ho dircipliiie, the pcojAc indocile, difo* 
 hedient, having rcje^ed the yoke of thei^ fuperior«, will 
 beiieVe Ho body ; vin tHU confufcd liccntioufnefs Luther 
 wttf {i^on have to regret ilhat h^callfed fchc iyra»ny or 
 
 • .^alignant flandcr of Fartl znd Oetokmpddiust ztwhott 
 tabic he lived, and'whofc atrog^ncl; he neithct could 
 bear rtor fupprefi, Kc fcpfoaclied" thetn ^ith tht vio- 
 lence of .;^uingliu4 *iniA Luthei', wto fomctiities affedfed 
 the air of an apoftle, and immediately after dcfcendcd 
 to the loWcft,,l;?»ioonery i the oitherf, whoni he knew 
 Were not bet|ir, t; xxxi. thde ndfenfo cohfcientiouj 
 ought iitft to quiet tKeir tonfeienccs feeing the abomi* 
 nations of the ^oriiifli cfiuf-ch, To they diimitfed ket 
 from, thei^ communion ! Half a dozen proiigateand 
 pcrjarcd monks difmiflcd from their commtiniort more 
 than one hundred niillioiis of Chrjkftians, ^o^ acknow- 
 ledged thetpiritual juridliaiori of the Sc^ of Rome ! f^ 
 juftas the (hip difmiffcs tbf^i!hor<?, or as the bucket of 
 water difmiffes the river. ■■■*"■ 
 
 ♦ Hii anceftors, the caftigafor fays, only imitated the 
 
 • ^okdudof thtfirft difciplcs of Chrift, who were caft 
 6Ut-fef the Jewifli fynagoguc. Is it not ftraflge that 
 his fpirit of divinafrtoa (houM pa<» unnoticed (omc 
 hundreds of fe<^8, which have fhardi the fame fafe, 
 md fix on one which has nothing in commpti with 
 hU anceftors ?* The fira difcjples of Chrift did not 
 pretend to reform the Jewifh Church j they dM not 
 charge thepriefts with teaching errors Sri faith : on the 
 •oiatfary from the faith of that chtfrch, founded on the 
 prof)hecies, foe the authefntidty of which that Chtitch 
 aiiifwered, they flic wed that the! rites and ccremomes of 
 thefflofaic Uw, we r e temporary, and-miA haifeaft cnd<^ 
 St. Paul, in his Epiftle to the Hebrews^ vu and viii, invin- 
 cibly demonftratcs that the Jcwilh Pricftbood muft be 
 trtosfcrtcd, and couicaucaay that tht J^#ifii Law muft 
 
2d§ 
 
 ceale: becaufe alt its facrltnent^, facrinces, rites ini 
 ceremonies, of which the Priefts were the miniftefs, muft 
 ccafc with their miniftry. Did his anceftors (hew by 
 any docuritent whatfoeV6r that the l^rieflhood of the new 
 Law was to be tiransiferred ? That all its Htes and cere- 
 moni^ Weire toceafewith its ihiniftry ? Does the Pro- 
 phecy of Jeremiah, on which St. Paul rcfted anirre- 
 iiftible proof that a new covenant Would fucceed the old, 
 fay that this new ipoven ant would itfelf be fucceeded bv 
 another? What ft-ophet br Apollle has prediiftcd arjv 
 ceffationof the Law of Grace? A ti^anQation of* thte' 
 Prieftfvood ? A fuppreffion 6f its Htes and ceremonies ? 
 His anceftora, therefore; did not imitate the difciples o^ 
 Chrift : for if they \^ithdrew their obedience from the 
 Jewifli.pricfthbod, it was bcibaufe its authority wit 
 transterred and their obedience with it ; biit his aii« 
 ceftors withdrew their obediehce f^om a priellhood» 
 which was not then, nor ever will be transferred. This 
 may be a fubje^ of tiieditation for this tditiburgh cif^ 
 tigator in his ferioUs moments. 
 
 This, though ah eflential di^crertce belweeh hii in* 
 c^ftorsvand the difciples of Chrift, is not the only one : 
 the firft paftors of the Chriftian church Were not priefts 
 of the Jewifli church, they derived no fpiritual powers 
 Gi" authority Whatever from it ; not* were they fent by 
 their Divine Matter to reform the (ynagoguc: tbcj^^^ 
 were fent by him, not to reform a church which n#i|fr 
 lorjgerekifted, but to form a church, in the formaticyn 
 of which he himfelf promifcd to aflift, againft which 
 he faid that the powers of darknefs would never prevail ; 
 a church which has enjoyed and will cbntinue to enjoy 
 an uninterrupted exillcnce until the end of time, ih 
 fays the caftigator. To form this church he brd^eil 
 them to teach and baptife ; their authority therefore 
 to te ach a nd ha pt jfc w a« n ot de ri ved from the JcwiiK; - 
 priefthood, nor from the Jewifli people, nor from any 
 other civil or ecclefiattical power on earth, it wiVioiit^^iA 
 fcrrcd by hiai in whom allJpiri^v'al authority. rc(i4c»»^ - 
 
 •* 
 
 
 .£ 
 
2l6 
 
 if 
 
 - "■ ■ " ' ■' :■ •,■-.. ...j„ .-. ■ , . i : ' . ^i , ... ■■:/ *» n .. - -v',% - .- X- .1 
 
 'in itsfource; by Jefus Chrift thttHghPrtefi^v/U 
 
 was inftituted by an oath, as St. ^aul fays, Heb, vili 
 
 viii, the Great Shepherd of the flock, and through them 
 
 it defcends to thck fucccflbrs in ^flice, and will cDnti- 
 
 . iiue without interruption until the end of time— Ano- 
 
 : th«r fubjed of meditation fof this aftigatingpaftor. 
 
 . His aaceftors ^re priefts of the Chnftian chOrch^ or. 
 
 Gained in it According to the rites of primitive inftitu- 
 
 tion, wcrfe baptifcd in It, ha^^ p-omifcd obedience tp 
 
 " it, derived from it all authority to teach and baptife ; 
 
 they withdrew their proniifcd obedience; fcparated 
 
 ^jl "ihemfelves froni it j l|teraVy verified the prediclion of 
 
 ^ St, Judeand his feJi<^|^poftles, faying : *' in the latter 
 
 time there will l^|ij»|oflors : thefe are they who fepa- 
 
 ' Tate themfelves." '"TOsis A f^comi atidftriking differ- 
 
 ^ ence between his anceflors and the difCiples of Jefus 
 
 , Chrift. r 
 
 There is another difference, which may have etcaped 
 the notice of this paftor, whofe chief care is the pro- 
 pagation of the human fpec'cs : the firft difciples re- 
 nounced all things to follow Jefus Chrift: "behold, 
 faid Peter, we, have forfaken all thiKgs," Matt. xix. 
 
 • They literally rediiced to pracllfe that advice, which ^hc 
 Saviour gave the young man, ibid* " if you ^efire to be 
 pcrf«^, go, fell all your poffcffioni and give to the poor ; 
 and you will have a treafurc in Heaven, and come land 
 follow me.*' It docs nW;^^ear that the Saviour di red- 
 cd him to go and take a wife j or to retain .a certain 
 portion of his poffeffions for the fupport of a wife and 
 
 Jfamily \ he was therefore clearly of opinion, that pcrfefti- 
 
 * on was attainable, without the practice of that new 
 ^tapdellcd virtue, which confifls in propagating the bu- 
 
 man fpecies. \ ♦ . 
 
 The caftigatorS venerabJe anceltoti inftrU^ed , 1)^ tnjt 
 
 - . portion, difcov'ered that the apoftles were dupes ; that the , 
 ^^*^ Ijaviour himfclf was either deceived, or j? deceiver ; that 
 "!^; to have forfaken all things to follow Chrift^ was an abomi- 
 ' , * • ^ natioDiJ 
 
 A . 
 
^l^ 
 
 Ration; and that perfedion was not attainable without 
 the praaifc df that virtue, for which antiquity knew no 
 Qame Thus enlightened tbcy publicly rcfumcd all thelq 
 good things, which they had folcmnly. renounced. ? i 
 Finally, the difcip^s, did ijot enrich thcmfekes by 
 the plunder of the Jewi(h fpagogucs j they did not ap- 
 propriate to thetnfelves, to thfir wrvcs qc their daugh- 
 ters, the ornaments of idols ; they did not tem^t the 
 avarice of princes by the pillage of- tcniplca ; nor cp- 
 courag^ their fenfuality by auihorifing polygamy contra?, 
 ry to the'^injunaion of th^f Divine Matter j that the 
 anceftors of this caftigator have plundered conv;cntij 
 monafterics, and churches, t^hat they and th^r difciples 
 have enriched themfelves wirli the funds, which the piety 
 of our anceftors had d<;v6ted to the fupport of religious . 
 communities is a faft, which the world knows ; a fafl: 
 attefted by the truly vpnerablc ruins of thcfc ancient 
 monuments of true piety. The writer i^ at a lofs to dif^ 
 cover any one trait of rfcientblance between the boafled 
 anccftors of thiscalligator and the immcdiajtc difciples of 
 
 J^fus Thrift. ^ \. ' . 
 
 In his next page he reafons with Bcllarfliioc, who fays, 
 that the true^church only fubfifts whOre there is.an union 
 of the members with the head : he concludes from this 
 that thechuj-ch is aftnihilatcd by the demife of the pope,' 
 Bellarminc would reply that without fomcboynd 6t union 
 there is no fociety at aB ; thai a moral body po^eiTed of. 
 inherent powers, to conftituie a ptefident is not afFci^cd 
 by the death or phyhcal deftruftion of fuch prefident ; 
 but if the body itfelf be deftittitc of fuch a power then it 
 ccafes to be a moral body, it ccafcs to exift : for a moral 
 body can no more exift without a moral head, or an in- 
 herent power of topftiiuting fuch head, than a natural 
 body can exift without a natural head. BcUarniine would 
 tell him that there i« this difference between a natural 
 and alnon^Tbody ; that in THe^l^aniratisoi 
 caldcftruftionofthe head, deftroys the Individual, be- 
 wufc there is no inherent power in the nattt|rat bmiy to 
 
 t 
 
 
 • t 
 
 '*,4* -■, 
 
 C." 
 
 late 
 

 Wf 
 
 4-,l, 
 
 K.' 
 
 trs 
 
 ffx 
 
 fi^iilktc the head, w^er«as the phyfi<?al d«(lru£lion oi 
 any meinbef , does not deftroy the moral body whilll its 
 inherent power of reipftatiag that member continues 
 enttfc* and hence he would conclude^ that in tht new mo- 
 dellt^d Tydem ofthiscaftigator, there ^an be nothing like 
 a chri^iun church ; why fo I BecaufiE; ther^ is 90 bond of < 
 
 * Vnion, thereif no one/aith,ezch man forms His own C)pinioR ; 
 
 > there is no prefldent vefted with fpiritual authority nor 
 any inherent' pow^r of conftituting him, for they, neither 
 irjdividuany, oor coUeQivcly ppflKifs anyfpiritual autho- 
 irity ; that muft of aU neceCfity defcend froni Jefus Chrift,. 
 through his apoflies aud their fticceifors in of^ce ; for 
 
 . though ail civil poWer be originally veftcd in focicty by 
 its author as it\difpenj(ably neceiTary for its fuppd'I't, and 
 
 x^ may of courfe he conferred by the^6ople on their firl^ 
 magiilra'te, and his minifters, b^caufe in that quality 
 
 ' they are the creatures of the ' people, yet the people can, 
 confer no authority whatfocver on JiTys Chrift, or hiS| 
 IttiniftcrssfUr they are not the erea'u res of t|jie people. 
 
 X Jefus Chrift is in himfelf, and by hin^^felf Sovereign of 
 
 ' iis Kingdom ; the peoplq, who compofe his Kingdom are 
 
 choicn by him ; he is not appointed or conRituted King 
 
 by them; they confei; qo powers on him ; all powers 
 
 ' lieceffary for the government of his kingdom, that is, 
 
 ': his church, are veiled in him, and mull be derived from 
 
 ; him, the people neither, appoint nor conftitute his mini- 
 ficrs : for they are npt the creatures of the people, as 
 he himfelf , is not the creature of the people; his mi-, 
 nifters therefore invft be appointed by ii^imfclf, myft 
 receive all ppwcrs of teaching and feeding hi& flock, 
 
 f fromhimfdf; -^nd this poWe^, originally conferred by 
 
 V him on thehrft payors of his ^iKk, inuft be continued 
 
 ' intheif incceifors appointed according to hla inditution, 
 iirhiiil his flock continues to exiil in this fublunary nvorld,. 
 t hat U,ui^tiUimcil>ttt^i^ more ^ 
 
 ■ all teachers aed jpnllofs, feUVconftituted,. though admitted 
 
 -^ i% the pdople» or cledled and condituted by the people, 
 ipay bcthe islnilicn gf the people, but they are not, nor 
 
 '^F!'^ v:. ;- ' '\ f ■ ., -tap; 
 
 
 iMii^ 
 
>*- * v,?', rf'^ 
 
 *'3 
 
 pd tl\cy be, t|ci miniijm of J^flrif GIrUli, they hi^ 
 not, nor pan tKcy have, any fpiritual powers or auth6ri4 
 ty whatfocvcr in the Spiritual Kingdom of JefusChrift,'. 
 for this iimple but irrcfiftible rcafon, which the writer 
 once more repeats, bccaufc the people have cpnferr^ nof 
 powers on Jcfus Chrift, nor can they on his miniftcrs ; 
 Jefus Chrift receives no law's from his pcpplc |^ they muft 
 receive laws ftom him, and thefe laws muii be taught 
 and enforced not by their minilVers, but by his. Againft 
 this reafoning all declamation is vain : it, precludes eira- 
 iion, the, underftanding m,ufl> be horribly perveric4 
 which ^:«f\jfcs its affent. This is the reply which Bc!- 
 larmine would make, and though it may hot be iatis- 
 fadldty ^to preacl^ng weavers, and tailors, and tinkers, 
 &c. who obtrude their nonfenfe on a credulous popu-, 
 lace^ itjs npt ^hc Icfs folid, th? l^s founded in truth, 
 ^nd common feniib. 
 
 j, In ^he next paragraph he aiks where was the church be- 
 fore the council of Trent ? Jo which the writer replies 
 it W2^s then where it is now, the church of all nations, it 
 Isnot^ircumfcribed by geographical dimenliods, not 
 limited by ages, ^t does not refcmblc thofe ephemeral 
 feels, which occafionaHy appear, and j^ire confined to 
 certain diftricls, of which the world never hears. Is the 
 man ii)^ unaccountably ignorant as not to know, what 
 every proteftant fchool boy knoWs, that the Council of 
 Trent lo far from making any ajtcraiion in the ancient 
 faith or form ot the Church conhtmed them by 
 its decifions; and ahathematifbd the errors and pa* 
 radoxes of Luther and his reforming aflbciateS| as 
 their anceftors in the Council of t^ice coridentitcd 
 the errors of Arius, as in the CouncH pf ^EpbefUA 
 they condemned the ^rrofs of Nedorius., and in thi 
 Council of Chalccdon the dreams of Eutyches, thus haye 
 th e ra vi ng s' of a l l R efo rmiils be ei i toudemued by^he 
 paftors of Cl^rift's Church, literally verifying the pro. 
 pliecy oflfaias : *' every tpngue which r^cf l^^ittdg* 
 ^icnt apinft ihcc thou fhalt condcmn.1^ ; - f vV | 
 
 ^. 
 
 --?*•>('■. "n: 
 
 I 'J 
 

 V^ 
 
 l>.. 
 
 ^fo his q^uwy, if Lep, the Great was fof receiving -flie, 
 ^^narift/ only in p^e kuid ? The writer replies : that 
 &i l.eo*s d^ys^,;^nd before tt^Jna^ tHe eughacifl: was received 
 i^ldifferently uv^ier one, 9^69*^ kinds by tfhe faithful ; 
 t|at then as" wclj a^ i^pwthe eucharift was received . under 
 both ^ric|3 by the ofl|ciating fhiniiftcrf Of this truth 
 the p^fljigc, ^hich Illyricus garbled frpni Leo's fourth 
 fcrwn on th^ Lent, (to which this'cailigator.feems to 
 «tlude, though h^ dfjies not; ci|e^ it, unwjlling perhaps to 
 inforri(i his difciplies that this trw^rg^^^/^ aujier'tty ^2ii ob- 
 f^n(<;<J in the pvimitivc chu^rchj is fufficient evidence : in ic . 
 ttiati Vtshcrabte ponti^dire|ls the people to obferve thofe, 
 Ik]^ jiev^r r.(?<:^iycd the <:up.^ The Mariicheans, wlio 
 Kid %^ fro^pi (Carthage, when taken by iht Vandal^ in. 
 439» tool^re^gje in R,onie ; to cvajje t|j^ feveritf of the 
 imperial laws, they;, concealed their impiety, feigned,^ 
 thenjfelves Caj;hdfics, with il^^trireccived the connimuni- 
 0|j lA, the cbHrches, but liitfver under the fpecilfs of 
 wipe; be^aufe they thought wine the gall of the dragonf 
 iprwtjqd % the d^vii ; . if it ha^ not been, cuftomary to 
 ipsrke the communion under the fpeciesof bread alone, 
 the pope's direction would have bfeen uielefs : thpy would^ 
 Iiavc^cn detected oi\ their fi,r ft appearance at the holy 
 lahle^ many of them were by this precautipa dcteded 
 Vnd conjfeffed in prefence of the moft illuftfious fenators, 
 |c)mc horrible iiiipieties and .abomination^. -ttLw. £^.15, 
 ad Tun The fame order .was renewed by Oplalius in 
 49i^h)r the fame' rcafon ; b\\^ when the ManicheanS ce^fcd 
 tW infcft. tlje churches, thcfe , orders became ufelefs and 
 iiafed by difufe, generally all laws occafipncd by circum- 
 ftknces ceafe to oblige, when the circuniftanjccs, on which 
 they arefpunded, ceafe toexift. '.; ' . 
 ^ !Af> irr^fiftiblc proof of this trut^^'i^^i^ken'firom the 
 ^Dtipnt pratVicc of the Greek church : in that church 
 during the whtfleLctit, the facrificc was offered but on 
 
 "SatUfdayramT^un^s. thefc^aiys^thc eucharift was 
 referved under the fpecics of bread ajooc, and received 
 uiidei'lh^t Ipccics folcly ,ibe o.tW'da)§,^ the waek. 
 
 r» '^' 
 
 This 
 
 ,.-4fe "^V'il!,*-.: 
 
 " ■sE/.>wlf'.-,- ,'^-- 
 
w 
 
 ways obferved, and continues yet in the Latlo CEtfrclii, 
 ^n Good Friday. Tiie cuftom of the Greeks is nicnli* 
 oned in the Council of Laodicea, can. 49, Ind b)r ijW 
 Council of Trull, can. w.. The cuftom 61 th^t-^t 11^ 
 church is men tfQned b^ Innocent ift, Ef^- l.j^s^.^ |. 
 1 he writer adds pfie pSfoof mbre, Which bca« Tib i^jSf? 
 the euchariftin the pi^mitive church was given to the 
 faithful, tliat \vhen through the violence of per fedUtiQn 
 they could not niiect in their oratories, they might make 
 the communion at home j but under the fpedes of wine 
 It was never given but from the chalice by th^ Vprieft dr 
 iiis, deacon, this is attefted by i all ccclcJiaftital Ihtftori, 
 even ||^mnitz admits it, but ridiculouflf endeavours lo 
 ^ude the force pf truth, by faying that they tRhoJje- 
 ccived the communion tindfer the fpedes of bTtid.^t 
 ^homejirtccived it under the (pecies of wine in the church. - 
 This attempt at evafion, If true, would only prove that 
 the communion was mactc ii^iffenently under the f^e- 
 cies of wine,"* as under the ipcdt» ofbiTad : f^^ 
 not be the fame communion that was madt brie d^Jr 1» 
 the chuMfe^ and ^ome days after at home. 
 
 Our cafti^ator continues, his queries : would Gregoty 
 the Great fupportWhe worfhip of images ? Never '^% " 
 man'fo ubiuciy in his fcledion of Fathers for the cdn- 
 denization of popery : there ire no monuments mort 
 authentic thaii the(c which , atteft dregofyY veneration^ • 
 for jth^ faints, their relicksi and their ijnages j Vhert he ' 
 fent Aiiftin, the liionk, to England to attempt the ton- • 
 verfion of oiir, idolatrous anceilorsi'Mfe gave him ma^y 
 rich yeftments, veffels and relicks. The original Inveti* 
 tory made by Thomas of Elcnham in the reign of Henry ^ 
 V. is f^id to he J>refervcd inr the Harieian library,— fee 
 Butler in the life of Gregory ; he fent tb Thcodolinda,- 
 — quwn^ the Lombards, a-particle of the hol^ crofs to-beji: 
 worn about the neck of her infant (on. In his Mtt&r to 
 that princeis, dated in January, 60^, Seventh litdjction, 
 he fays ; "I f<;nd to the prince Adeodald^i, louif fon,* 4 
 
 % ^ /A." 
 
 4^jiiW*v . 
 

 ^l^ 
 
 cro^,witKfom€ &f the wood'oiF the tfue croi$, ahd a gofpd 
 4tt j|||fifljMi box.; he icn^ td^^ttis/efepreft Conftantinli 
 vcti» in, -Latin called ^rjn</<?«;«, i^rhifeH 1»id touched^tUd 
 Ijodics of the apoftlcs, fay ings that niiractes hid been 
 wrought by ibch rcHcks^^ti* i^^/Ep^ 36. At Cagliari, 
 i wcfilthy Jew ha4 cnnbracec^ VtW c^ religion, but 
 
 Tctaining ibmethihg of the, Jew he (eized the fynigoguci 
 J)lac^d in k i% Imag^/ofthe Virgin Mary and a Crofs. 
 Oh complaint of £he Jews Gre^6ry ordered the fy'na- 
 goguc to be reftored, having previoiiJOiy rcmbVed the 
 image ahd ctoiaWith due veneration : *'^Jubla0 exinde, qua 
 parifiviineritioneimagme \et cruce^^-^, 9» Kpi- 6. Secuh- 
 diu8, a man of rcmarlcable piety, god- father to the young 
 J)nncc Adeod^Ide, prayed Gregorjr to fend him fomc de- 
 vout piclurcsr ; in his anfwer Gregory fays : ''llirc have 
 fent you two cloths cohtaining the pifure o^ God ouf 
 Saviour, and of Mary the holy riiother of Ijod; and of 
 the blclied apoftles t*eter and Paul, and one ci'ofs, aiid for 
 '^ibencdidi^n a key vifhich has been applied to the moft 
 hojy body oif., St. Peter, princ6 of the apoftles, that you 
 may remain defended from the enemy." Thefe Worcfs 
 are cited by Paul, thedcac0B,and by Adj-ian J. iri his let- 
 tcr to C^rlcmagne. When Serenus, bifliopoF Marfeillcs, 
 t^d broken certain facred - images, which perfons lately 
 convert^d/rpm idolati^, in hi§"'jdioce{sv iddred 4s they 
 tijid their idolf, Gregory J^conimcndtsJ "the 2eal of 
 ttic bifhop/iiT|. fupf^^rp^ing that ihonftroiis abtife ; but 
 reprimanded him for breaking the images.— Lib. xi, Ejfif; 
 13. He frequently cenfured the impiety pC^payitig an 
 idoiatmus worfklp to images ; an impiety,' which catho- 
 lics have alwjiys condemned \ hence in his letter to Se- 
 cundiliUs he fays : "^1 know that ydb do not alk the 
 imalje of the Saviour to,worlliipV|t p^ God j but that. 
 In rcmembran<;e of the Soni of^G0d,yoii may bcifjfliamcd 
 irith Jns Joye-';''Ub» 7^ £p. 
 
 Jl 
 
 From thsfc paffa^s, in whicl^ Gregory cCnCurcd the 
 idolatrous worlhip of images, this caftigatoi: pretends to 
 conclude that he condcmiicd that religious refpccl and 
 
 veneration, 
 
 .>■'<■■»'. 
 
 . A,. ,..<■„■ 
 
 r.^» 
 
 ,..,v'i«M;l. 
 
 ^■■*i,i^ijftti .i» ■■(.%■•. ■%!&&.. 
 
 ,.1«: 
 
Wheratittn^ jshlch lie himiclf paid to the images oi kit 
 Saviour, and of his cleft, thus, i n imitaii?!! of his am 
 ceftors, who, ip the iface of truth and con virion, taught 
 their infatuated followers b^ yieve that there is no dif- 
 ference, or diftinftioh, llcti^cert chat reverence and vene- 
 ratfon, which the Catholic church, pays to the angels 
 and faints, and the diyihe honbtir, and fovereign 
 homage, which is due to the Almighty God aloncj 
 whofc creatures they are, this 'taaiga'tOr artfully cndci^ 
 vours to continue the delufion* 
 
 His next query is, if pope Gelafius wis a defender oif 
 tranfubftantiation ? To which the writer replies that, thalt 
 venerably pontiff believed and' profeffcd the doarW 
 taught in,lld by the tathblicchurch, which wis that of 
 tranfubftamiatioh In his time, before his time, and after : 
 it, as he cites no paflage iprom this pope, the, ^i^iter pre* 
 fumes that he alludes to a paflkge garbled by Kemniti 
 from a writer df the faiiie paipe, whom he ignorantly " 
 confounds with that pontiff. This Gclalius, let him be 
 who he wiU is perfcaiy orthodox : in his book oft^ 
 two natures^ in Ohrift, he reafons on the eucjiarift aC ; 
 Theodorct did, wKofc rbafonihg on the fubjeci has bcfcii 
 dilcoffed. Review p. 210; 
 
 Hislaft query were Cyprian, Auftin, the totihcii bf 
 Chalccdon, and the African bifliops for appeals to Rome Y 
 and fubmiffion to the pope's jurifdidion? tiasbecnal. 
 ready difcuffed in all its parts, they have been all Oiewii 
 to be pcrfedly fubmiflive to the popc*8 fl)iritual jurifdic- ^^ 1 
 tioii ; Whatever they might have thought of appeals iij 
 l)crfonal caufes, which were frequently abufivcj they ne- 
 ver doubteci the fuprcmacy of Peter arid his fucceffors in ' 
 office, from thefe his queries, in fuppdrt of which he 
 MS not offered even the fliadow of proof, the caftigatoi' * 
 i^jJ ^hat: right we have tp. appropFJat e in dcfeaibility --. 
 |^e,Romi{h church? To which the writer re^es t 
 jBecaufc the Romidi church, as he calls her, that is» thtf 
 Iduirchin communion with the See of Rome,* acjknoww 
 Wng the fpiritualjurifdiaion of the Roman ppmijSi 
 
 ^^'' -.Cc ? ■ is . 
 
^. \\ 
 
 %W : ' 
 
 ^ 
 
 if ii^Rr, wiidt (Ii« alwa^ >vas, tn^ ever ^iH tie, tMl 
 
 'til^, hsiyy tatholic and apoJhlUal church, to which the proi 
 mifcs were made fo clearly cxpTdlive of her indefeclibili- 
 ty, 'that this caftigator fays, p. 133, " prorrllarits are at 
 firenuoiis fupportcfs of this dodrine as the Roinifli 
 chiirCfi,'' ancf from this doftrine he concludes as he did 
 
 ; Keforc, that |ny church, th* commencement jof which is 
 fisted at a|ay time fince the apoftles* days; is not the 
 Church' ef Chrift : -^pecaufe it manifeftly is hot that 
 churchy to ^hich the promife of indefedibility was 
 made. ■'■■-■ ' *"tV :""■'" ' 
 ""* In his nejKt f^i^tcr, p. » 44, The caftigator fays, the 
 
 •doctrine of perpltual vifibility j(>roves at Icaft _^ much fnl: 
 proteftants as fbr'the Romidi G^urch. If hi^pirit of di* 
 i^nation c^n difcovcr, aud will cohdcfcend to inform usj 
 in what country there ^as a fotiety of, proticflants per- 
 pctually vifible Ince theapottleJ days ; in what iSee there 
 haslidl^nji fuccefli(>d of proteftant bifliopsViri what city, 
 
 • toWn, vifJage or hamlist, therif has been a fycccffion 0^ 
 Iproteftarit minifters-of any dcfcription or denomination 
 perpetuall}^ yifible fincc the apoftles time, this aflertion 
 howeverwiRtatid •f)aradoji:ical will bfc admitted. The 
 Romlfli Church fhcws a fociety perpetually vifible, .an 
 tiriinterrupted fucteflion of bifhops iti the fame See fince 
 thc^^apoftles days; file Chews that thef^ her biftibpsinre* 
 gular fucceffion were in communioii ^ith the biftiopsof 
 other Sees; that the biftiops of other Sees from their 
 Cotnmunion wiih the See of Rome, flieWed that they 
 thetiifelvcs were rightful paftors, truemembers of the 
 Catholic church, profeliing the true faitb, as Ireneus 
 ofLyonsj Auftin of Hippo, Optatusof MileviUm, &c. 
 This they (he^jr with fuch ifrefiftible evidence that Pro- 
 teftants arcforced to admit it.: Do6^or RcyftoldSi in hil 
 
 j Confcr ence with Hiife ^l*'! 44?^ f ^sj "^that the fuccefljoft^ 
 of the Roman bifhops wasa prooftsf the true foith in the 
 time of Auftin, Ojjtji^, TcrtuHian, Sfc.** Dr. Thorn- 
 It^ke^ fpeaking of the Councils in the Eaft, fays ; ** of 
 thefc Councils how many can^e called general by Hum* 
 
^r of the pf efent votes ? Their alMnty tMlki muft 
 irifc from their admifiipn by the Weftcm C%irchef; . 
 and this adipi^n ^hat H& can it b? afcribed to« but^the 
 authority of *thc, Church of. Rome cmiu^entlj^ invotvi^d 
 ajbovc ail the Churches of the. Wfjft ip the ftimmQnix^^£ 
 thjcni and by Conieqviencc of their decree^ i And ia t^e 
 troubles bet^^leen the .Eaft an4 the Wefl^ though t$e 
 Weftern Churches haveia£le^ by theii; repr^^n^twrcijn 
 great Councils'; yet on other o^afions* jh^ ^^n* ^>v 
 have referred themfelves to thatcl^ujxh, r^efolving to rp» 
 gulate themfelyea by it^ vtbereby it Mppea^s tkfit ibe.WMf* 
 i^rn Cburthes went. akfM^s wUh tbift. if Rome, whjyph .ne^eC-;. 
 farily argues a fingiilar pre-eminence in it/WSet; Egji- 
 Ipguc Book iiir ch. 20," p,. i yg^ Whether this, uplon ^f ' 
 all the ^^ftprn Churches iyith the church ^f Rome, ar- 
 gues a pnleminencc or not, it prov6s beyond a 5X)ntra« 
 diclipn that t|y? €hjirch of Ro,me was always yifitJerj 
 that all the churches in the Weft were; of itsr comnauni- 
 pn, confcquently that before thp,Rcfprmcatioiir:thcrc ws^t 
 CO Prpteftant Church in the Wtli: perhaps, the cafti* 
 gatoi*s Tpirit of diviixatioh may diCcoyer fpme IbiteiU 
 Proteftant Church4i) the Eaft^ wfeqh Jhas h^h^rta, c^^ 
 cd the. world's obfervation. \ • 
 
 Of the ma^ly paffaji^es in fcripturc prottiiilng^the uiVo 
 interrupted exiftence of Chriil*s church adducecf by thi* ' 
 writer, in hi? remarks, p. iio,.the' Caftigator makes ^ 
 aukward attempt to wreft one ta ii£s purpof|i It is from, 
 Ifaidh ii, - And k {hall come to |>a&^ in ^he laft days n 
 that the moujiuin of the Lord's Hpufe fliail he *cfta- '. 
 blilhed in the. top oC the mpupt^nns, and fl\alLb£t exalted -, 
 aboye the hills." Theie words, if we t^l^eve hiiijp .' 
 arc not applicable to. every ft at(? of the church. THip ,.- 
 church, in his opinion, has different ftate^, frQnl^hi• ' 
 wdrds we mu,ft conclude, tha^ one ftate of the diu'rch is .. 
 vifible, to which the promifes apply j the other ftat<; is 
 inyifible, to wMch jhe promifes^^^a^^ 
 
 ■\ 
 
 common fenCe would tell liim that one ftate is riq«J> 
 which the prophet announces f' the gtlicr imaginary, of" 
 
 which 
 
 i , ' nPS. 
 

 m. 
 
 i%- , . . ^' ' ■' . 
 
 is ■■■■ •' 
 
 ' '■^' t .. ■ 
 
 ^ ll^^^^ ^new nothing: he a&s i^ ffie do^ 
 t l^?^^V^#»%wJ»cs to ih€ days of Elijah!' To xL \ 
 . J t^c writer r<?plic8 that the duarine, of vifibilit)r docs an.' 
 ; ply to the d^ysof Elijah, and to every (l4e of the 
 
 (f^^^^jim ^ftabli&n,er][icfits^M 
 ceffation, but the paffage which the caftigator auVardly 
 
 .^ aayt of Elijah, or to any 'ptficr ttagc of tlie fcwifh 
 
 Lil^"^?" '5"''^ .th,t,igno,^ance itfdf can hardly ' 
 *T^l.r' *"J* '"^^^he. prophet announce? not only 
 
 , ^ihevifib,ht>sbut the cathblicity of: tSe church, he thi« 
 
 ; tontmues: ^,nci all nations Jhalljh^ unto it- See re 
 
 ?!' 1^' r"* • '"^' fpfrit of divination finding feme 
 
 f V ^ rf ^" W^r^S^J^" Sentence to the Je^lhurch 
 
 . Wifely fUppreffed rt. ' Doftor Soiithwell, whXmemory 
 was ncvcV a^erfcd with a diflant fufpiciori 6i popery, 
 fays, in his c^^ofitbrpote on this chapter; -bythelaft 
 
 ^ ^s IS meant ^ time of the gofpel difpenfiition,'^ though 
 thw paffage be riot ;^pplicable toihc Jewiih church, it is 
 
 i;°i^^^^'?.^^?«^!»**» ^^»« church was from its firfe^efta- 
 bhihment to its fi/,al ceffatiop vifible without interrup. 
 tion, and under the immediate proteaion and unremit. 
 \ ting vigilance of divine providence, this the infpired 
 wnte/s atteft itf language which Is not to be niifimdcr. 
 itood : Jeremiah^ one of their lateft and greatett prophets, 
 lays : xl, «.|. « and Jehovah, m to me : Voclaim 
 all hefe wor^s in the cities of Jiida, and iu the ftrects 
 ot Jerufalem, faying*: hear ye the words of this coven, 
 ant, and do them for prdtefting, I have protefted to your 
 i^^-iicvs on the day when 1 brought them upfrom{)he land of 
 Egypt and to thejtefem day, rifing early and ^rotefting, 
 ^ faying hear my voice j" the voice of ioftruftiori by God^ 
 inmifters wa? therefore ipceffantiy ' heard by the Jcws,^ 
 and this mftruftion was npt givci by inviiible miniftcrs 
 ^^^;n >nyiiible p eo p le.' Tbe^J ew lfl i c hur ch ^ wa s in- 
 .ttruacdby the prophets and the ^rictts with unremitting 
 attention/: ^ from the thiriecmh year o£ Jofiah, fon of 
 ^ ;; - \ ■ Amon, 
 
 Jr 
 
%%l 
 
 mon, king qf Juda, and to this dayv ^^s the twenty 
 third year, the ^ord of Jchovalt was on Hie, and I have 
 JlDolben to yo^ rifing c^irly and (peaking, and ]r^ haye^dlt 
 hearkened; and Jehqysdi fent to youall hisferyants.the 
 prophets, rifing eirly and fending, and you did not li^arken 
 nor did you incline yoyr ear to hear."— Jer. xxv, 3, 4. 
 This prophet pathetically defcribesthe vigilance of Divine 
 Providence, and the unwearjed attention of himfelf, and 
 aU the prophets, his predeceflbrs, to the inftrudion of 
 the Jews. Though the miflion of the prophets may ap- 
 pear extraordinary, yet it opntinucd without ihternuffi. 
 6nj until after the return from the Babylonian captivity i 
 the rcripture fpeaks of them as forming a corps, a focie. 
 ty, it rppaks of their habitations, of their children : 
 *' ancRlblc (bns of the prophets, who were at Jcriclio, 
 came tP Elifha, and faid to him,knowcft thou that Jeho- 
 vah, will take away thy Lord from thy head this day*' 
 -?^2d Kings,' ii, 5. . Ttis tord, of whom the fons of the 
 prophets at Jericlio fpdke, was Elijah, in whofe days, if 
 we believe the caftigator; the Jewifli church was invifi- 
 
 blc : an invifibie church, in which that 
 
 4j2"(f.^*^''> 
 
 fgrophet 
 
 pfophcfied" Wid inftruaed the pcopfeKpin inv^ible 
 church, in wt^ the fcriptures and tHf^^gp^^fes 
 were explained irt the public 'fchoojs ev^»j|6ticho ! 
 For by the ions of the prophets ^re uoderftoSi|'Ays DK 
 Southwell, the young men who ttudied under the aged- 
 ones, ^hc church ' was therefore perfeaiy^ viifible, eve^ 
 in Ifrael, amongft the fchiftnatical tribes, and notwith- 
 flanding the nuimber of prophets maffacred by Jczabcl, 
 even the impious idolator Achab knew where a prophet 
 ofthe true God' was to be found : when Jchofephat, ^i 
 kingof Juda,defired that a prophet of the true God 
 might bd confultcd on tha war with Syria, Achab replied : 
 " there is yet one man,' Michaiah the fon of Irolah, by 
 whom we may inquire from Jehovah, btit 1 hate him; 
 
 -J» «_ « — _- _- . . _ — ■• '^-J-^ . — '. i_: : i . W. 
 
 '^f 
 
 'Ire pfopheliesiH) good for rne, But evil."— iff lingf 
 xxii, 8. I'hough the church fhould have bee^ abfoliite- 
 lycxtind ; and the extraordinary miniftry of th6 prophets 
 • ■ , ■ . .with 
 
 •%. 
 
«UIl f he ordinary rtiiniftry- of the priefts^ 2i|d Lcvite$, 
 
 'Jl%?li^ed, which did not happenj ii) the tQi> tribes dir. 
 
 **tingui(hed hy. th^eLnanne o£ Ifrael, the churi^h \^as never 
 
 more vifible. tkan, i^.was at; that toe in Urufalcm, and 
 
 in the whole ^in|[doto of Judah, undc?; me good hjxig 
 
 >Ho{kpi^av ^' ./:';'-''T ■ ^■;' .;■'' •'':" i]':'^ '■ ■ '^ " 
 
 In times of the grcateft affli«ion under Achaj^, Ifaiav. 
 preached i|nd jlrophj^fied ; in that tinrie of deepeft'diftrefs 
 before the captiyi^y, Jipremiah preached, nor did he ccafe 
 to inftruft after the dcft'ru.(S^oii of tbel city, uAtil he 
 ceated to live ^ during the captivity^ Ezekiel and Daniel 
 inftruded,tbe peopjci and a(ter it ^eheu^ias, Efdra^, &c, 
 Independent on the extraordinary niiniflry of the pro- 
 
 • phcts the ordinary njin^ftry of theprieifthopd, coHnmenced 
 in^ Aaroii, never ceafed until the ftnal ceflfatioi^oif, . the, 
 ^ewilh church ;Qf this truth th^i fcriptnre anordai the 
 ^moii con vincina; ^videi^cc. The prophet Es^^ekiel clearly 
 .,4if"9g>'ifl^cs priefts, who had fwerved from their duty, 
 ^froi9 the venerable paflorsj who had been at all times 
 
 ' iaitUful ^o.thcif miniftry :" ^t theLevi^es, whp went far 
 -from me, lyhcn Ifrael ftrayed, when they ttrayed from, 
 inc after, their i^ols, they (hall bear thfsir iniquity. , . ... 
 they ftiaii not approach me to do the oficc of prieft for 
 me ... . but the pricfts, the Invites, the fon» of Sajioc, 
 who prefer vcd the minjftry * ajher fi^amrou^fth m\jl?manib 
 ifKikadJlM* of my f^nftuary Mfhen the fonsof ^fracl ftrayed 
 from me, they ihall approach to me to minif^et to me 5^^ 
 they (hall (land before the to offer to me the fat and 
 fl^eWood, faith the Lord Jeho\«ah. Tl^ey (hall qome 
 jlnto my fandluary, they (hall appi-oich to my ta|blc to 
 ininifter to nie, and they (hall preferve i^y miniftry,"- 
 ■Eiekiel, j^liv, 10. Wc know that Sadoq waa high 
 prieft in S<>l<|ropn*8 days, and God .^ttcds 'by his. pro- 
 phet that his defccndants did not ftray nQj;,fwcrvc 
 from their duty, and that they (hould continue in their 
 luiniitff ToTervc him. ^iTIic covensnt of chr prieftliood=^ 
 
 .;falh Wnets fon to Elcaaar, fcin to a^aroni was hot dif- 
 
 . ipatiiiicd wtil the* pricllhood was tranifcrrcd : ** th^ 
 • •. . -L , Lord 
 
 <i » 
 
 *s. 
 
 . Itdi^^JJ 
 
>• 
 
 tordfaid to Mofcs, Pkincis fon of ElcaWf^fei^Vo ifti^ 
 the prieft, ha^ averted my wrath from the Childrca or 
 ifrael .... . Wherefore, fay : behold I givfe him, mjncd 
 Vcnant o^peace and it IhaH be to him and t$ hii /eed a/f^^ 
 him the covemnt of ah everlajlin^ priefihoqd^ bccatife that 
 he was. zealous for hi* God and made am atonement fot 
 the Children oflfrael,"— Num, xxv, li, 13,' That thii. ■ 
 prieft hood, in virtue of the covenant, did Cbiitinu^ 
 without intcrruptiop until the final cctfatioh of the Ma^ 
 faic difpenfation we know from St. Paul : in his epiftlr 
 to the Hebrews the apoftle (hews tlic total cfeffatioh oj[ 
 the Mofaic law from the change of the pritllhood j thte' 
 priefttod therefore muft have continued until t^Ic final 
 ceflatilr of the Jewifli church : fbf ifit had teafed at 
 any time before, the law would have ceafcd with it. 
 The initiating cerepiony of cxrcumtifion, in4 the other 
 Mj^\t cerelnonics are not faid to have ccafed at any, 
 tim« : the pious Jew could always find a miniUer of the, 
 jewilh church to pcrfor^ all the ritefc and cercmonid, 
 which the law required of hi^n. Evert during the cap; 
 tivity their prophets and pricUs inftru^ed ; and fo.re^r, 
 gioufly attentive were they to the Divine inftitutionj 
 which confined the priefthood to the family of Aaron^ 
 that the priefts, the fons Habaiah, who had afiumed th^. 
 faamc ipf B^rtallai, from their mother, unable to prove 
 their genealogy from the authentic rf gitter, were e^clu^ 
 dcd from the miniftry, Nehemith, vii, 63. Thepaflagc 
 wli^cKhe cit^s from ad Chronicles j xv, 3, apj)lie$ not td 
 the J^^ifli. church, which was never without a teachinjj 
 . prieft of the dcfcendants of Aaron, but to the Jcwiih 
 people in ttieir prefent ftate, who 'have be6p fince the ce^^ 
 fation of the Mofaic difpenfation without prophet or 
 prieft, and will. continue in the fame itate Ifi^til t|f , 
 
 The cafti|ator*8 fpirit of divination, like that J^iiHt ot 
 illufieq, which bliiuis the Jews, difcovcrt 4*^ .the pr^r* 
 phct's \«rOrds, not the prcdlaioii of a future e$fCOt, b^t, 
 tlic relatioliof a paft calamity j he fiti the paffage to liii 
 
 purpoft 
 
 
 
in 
 
 ^urpofc >y fubdituting his own words to thcfe of th^ 
 prophet : "Ifrael were without fhc triicGod, ^nd 
 without a tcacHingpricft, and without the law," fo foys 
 the caftigator. Tlic prophet fays : ** vejomi'm rmm hi% 
 rael leh EUhei emeth veklo Cohen monh ouMo4bor^h\*' 
 " many days to Ifracl, to no Cod of truth, to llo 
 teaching pricft, to no law." That this is a prcdiaion of a 
 future ievem is iiianifeft from whdt the prophet adds : 
 •* in thcih tin«is no peace to the man going out, or to 
 <hcmari cbming in, biit many terrors over all the inh^. 
 bitants of the whole earth." Tbefe words have a dear 
 reference to the confummatibri. it is thus defcribcd by 
 all ^fc prophtts who fpeak of thalcvcnt . 
 
 It is therefore unqucftionably triie that tht^g^wifll 
 •i:fiurchih its dcepeft a^iftiori and greateft oltburity 
 Avas pcrifeaiy vifiblc, and its mihiitry without interrupti- 
 on J if this h6 true of the Mofaic difpenfatiori, which wai 
 from its conftitUtion, terminable, the ceffatioii of which 
 Had bc^n fo repeatedly ariri|uhced by the prophets, hoW 
 riiuch more certain is it of the Chriftian church, which 
 isfrbm its conftitution . interminable ? Tlie caftigator 
 afks: iftJi<i RomiA church was as VifiUe during the 
 tchperfecutionSJis at the Council of Cohftancc |^ Hd 
 thiis inadvertently informs his readers, that the liotnifli 
 ehurch, as he calls Jt,is thatchurcfc which was founded 
 by the apoftlcs^ which was perfccuted by the Ncros, 
 the Doniitiens, &c. ih the faith of Which all thi martyri 
 fpilled their blood. It is therefore the church to which 
 the promifcs were made ; that church againft which the 
 ^tet of hell will not prevail : he did not advert to thefc 
 tonfc^oe^ncfcs. To his query, the writer roplie.* Yes* 
 Jbe pcrfecutiotii prove it : they were hot cxercifed oti 
 ah itivifiblc church l the pcrfccutors knew where to find 
 t hemoft diftinguiihed paftors ; they Were the firft oh]teti 
 6( pel fecutinir raTC,-iiyd^irwai iiot confided iiTthera; 
 
 <». 
 
 'the church wu never more confpicuous than whcfi it* 
 ^ih wat proleifed by it« mihifters and thdr difciplcs iri 
 the faci ollhil Wbrld, in the prefcncc ofpcrfcci^ting em- 
 
' ■ '■ I,- ' 
 
 ^ 
 
 '.^ 
 
 iij 
 
 itthperon their officers usd execotioneri. What could ku 
 ducethenain'tothink the church invifible at fuch a ^Oitt 
 tt was this iame Roniiflixbarch iavifible, as he dreaMs,^ 
 I jiuri^g xhk ten pcrfijcutiohs, wfiich Was perfciStly viSlile m 
 I^She cbuncil of Conftance in i ^. lie admits thercfowi 
 that it bad enjoyed until that period aia uninterrupted 
 exigence ; but it was not more viable in th^ Council of 
 Conftance in 1414, than it was in the CoUncil ot Trciirr 
 15455 nor was it more yifible theil, than itlsiipwid 
 1809. tt is therefore, and caftigatdr injudiciouil/ ac* 
 knowledges it, the only churcb, which has eiijbyedati 
 uninterrupted exiiUnce iince the apoftles* days^ if it be 
 hot the church of Chrift, the redeemer never Had i church 
 on earthgpni chriftianity is but an illtifioii. * ' ^- ^ 
 
 Both Proteftants and catholics he believes, xhatntald 
 thauthe appearance of ahdchrift is conne^ed with a g^« 
 |, licrai apoftacy. the Writer does not Inquire what pro. 
 teftants niaintslih, biit catholic^ maintain no fuclt 
 doiflrine, catholics do Dot confound do^ribes and 6- 
 [)inion8, the terms aire not fynonymous in theii^ laii* 
 guage: it is, the opinion of fomc cathoUcf that imme- 
 diately previous to, or on khe appearance of antichrid, 
 there will be a great apoftacy, that all the wicked will 
 l)iibUcly difclaim the faith of Jcfus Chrift, and unite with 
 thatimpoftor. f hey found their opinion on the words 6f 
 St. Paul, a Thcf. it He fays that this diy of the Loiy wfll 
 not come until there be a revolt, and the fon of perdition 
 be rev(5akd ; others with cqiial, if^ol grdatcr rcafon, 
 think tit defedion, foretold by the apoftle, a revoU of 
 the dependant provinces agiinft the Roman empire, of 
 which St. Paul, fpeaks covertly to avoid giving o^ence fo, 
 the then matters of the Wbrld, who believed thdr cm* 
 pirc eternal } and many think that St. Paul^ ufed the ab- 
 ftract terin tf^<iiy to fignify antichrift the grpat tfitj'tt** 
 a mode^T tpeakThg in common ufe with facr/d tl^d 
 prophane writers. Ihus Roboam ii called not a fcol, 
 but the folly of die nation, Eccl. xlvii, ifltbut what* 
 ever their opimons may l^with rcTpcft UTilSh pr<idic- 
 
 li tlQO. 
 
'\, . '■ 
 
 iife 
 
 
 
 ever !)'c3rjpvc(i. 
 
 this laft ^po 
 
 fcnVS^cafhoiic w,w w^,,,. — ----- r / 
 
 tuTd in any tcnfc affba; the vifibility or tlie ftability of 
 e chureh : fe it an Jnvifiblc cHiirch that antichrift will 
 {jciftcutc Ifiith'^fciircIchtlefclFury Was it an inkfible 
 chureh th^ 'Pail himlelf peifccutfcd) ; ti it an invMiblc 
 Ihuich to Whi^i the >ws will be ci)tivertca by Jthc 
 frt-e^ching 6tt^fwo>iWcfle8? !^lhc thiiith ofJeftiJ 
 thrift be cxtina on IKc &iti ^^f^^^ in what chiiteh Wll the 
 l^igd* findMs elcft, ij^onri' 1thcy ^Ul" cpllclt frdm the 
 
 ' %tf winds at tlie jTound '6Fthe;fcrum|)ct f— 'Matt, xxiy, 
 Jt ( ^n' wfiat ciurchwill t% W found who overcome 
 the liaft, ind his itnagc, and the numbcir of bis name t 
 Itpb; xvn .' Is it tn^n iiaVifible thurch, by invihble ttiini. 
 fterstbat the^th>yiHbc announced, bapttlwand the 
 f utharifl/adiuinjftcrecf ? Thefc rites v^lU contitiiit; until 
 ih<! qborummation, or Chrift and his apoftle have dccdv- 
 'edtitt The ianburfaMto liis apoftiM : going make dif. 
 xlplcs of all nations* baptifingth^ **> *^« name of the 
 
 ^l-athcr, aiidof the Son, a:nd of =fhe Holy* Choft, teaching 
 "tbem toificcp ail things whatfoei^cr, which I have coiri 
 
 ' "manded you j znd behold 1 ism with you all (Up until 
 llje con/ummation of the we»r^.**Matt. xxivf ; With this 
 *exprc($ promife of the Savibur to b(l!>ith Ms tninifters 
 f teaching and bapttfing until time fliall bd no more, the 
 ievaoffcUa dofcs his^billory : and St. F*aul,in terms equal- 
 
 •^^iycj^rcOivc, fays' thi^ by the ekcharift t^ d«4th of the 
 
 * ' Lord will be arirtoiinced untir he Comci U tht end of 
 
 lt\me to judgfe the world ; the faith cannot be abnounc 
 
 Jed, not thefe rites adminiftered by inViaWc mthifters,in 
 
 an iiivifible church. I1ie fuppofitlon iifo extravagant, 
 
 -•^'to offcnttvd to common fcnfe, thatlt It irtJttter of furprtfc 
 
 ^"tli»t any man, however infatuatferby;«htrot blinded 
 
 ' ' by ireiucUcc, can prevail on himfclf to believe it* 
 
 '^' MQJVJbgral Uy knows no bounds, 
 
 
 i| aftlga r or, 
 
 lends ii words tcrtht^ inspired M^ritfrs, and his opinion 
 to the Redeemer. Chrift, to enforce thfi neceffity of 
 inceffint prayer, one of thefe unprofitable aiiftcnties; from 
 wWch the refoniiation jccUcvcd its miniftws, ^^y\^y 
 
.-■■•* , ■ .- ■ " 
 
 wicked i^dac, that thoiigK he neither feared,Go#, ik», 
 Jigrarded m£n, yet tp free himfelf fcom th^ ' itri|xortupitr 
 nfa widow, hereiblvedto avenge her of her advcrlary.^ 
 -LuHeAvm. He then alks :" 1^11 not^ God i|Jjn^ 
 his eleci ^qtcry ujito hfm night artti d»y, Xhpv^ ^^ , 
 bear long with tbcm ^ ,Tq this queftioA ^^l^f 'Jt^ 
 plies : '* L|ay unta you that he will ai^e^g^i theiH XpeedK . 
 ly." He th?o : alks another x^iiemoix -." ^eyerthd^ 
 when th?' Son o? Man <:ometh wilt he %d^ithoii^v ^ 
 earth ?** He alks the opinion dC tii&clifdples, who midc . j 
 
 „^. reply > nor. did he himfelf,: he dWn^ 
 
 Q;rchecc will not. ^I^o could irtiagin?, if tl^npaftig^-^^ 
 
 tor's ipirit of divi<iation h*d, fiot d|&overe4^, ^b** «^ ' 
 
 baviouc'^ntfenddd to . reply : th^i;? wiU be no ^jith^; 
 
 earth,%fcgot;it, o^^tUe c^artgcUft fbrgot to i^rt Itf ; 
 
 HpwcvcffvShp^ Vnfiildngjthi^^ ipirit of divinati.^, 
 
 we enda iufeiintreply tp t^^ #?«*i<>» »f '^^ J'f^^ 
 gAthaaohi!, Theclea^whoBithiJ ai^^cjs wjU eolk^. 
 1 the (bundsc^ the trumpet " troin the ftmr wipds, t^aj^ 
 ^iTCoip ah parts of the earth, wiH they have no taith ?^ 
 the^ myria^ds. who will overcome the bcaft, his >n)»g*rL 
 anrt the number of his naihc, wiU they Kavc n^ iaitVr 
 l^itppt of his iafl: coming thi?, iSavtour ipeafei^Lufc?. 
 xxu aj : '* then ^ they fee tjie Son.of Man ^coining: 
 on a cloud with Mwer an4 if i-(^ glory T To yfhov^ 
 does lie fay : " ^hcn yAU,fec tihcfe thinjg begmning to^ 
 ^me to paft: t^cu rife up, Uft upiyour heads, for y^oj^ 
 liedemptioii it.piar ?^ ^^.thcfe have up fajth ? m 
 myftcry. Of the cuchanft, by whioh-thft^kath of the Lord, , 
 ^j^rill be aBpottticcd until he <;ome&— » Cor, will It ccafe 
 beforll^g'qoincs I Or will it be adminift«^ed by inviable 
 minifteri to afiinvifiblc people in an, inviaWc cl^irch F> 
 k U irkfo^^c to be obliged to refute fy^h nonfenfe. Ho«r. 
 
 : cvcf, in vindication of tKis caftigator, It mttft be adjciit- V 
 ted^ tliat h<hw fUtlifully " ;f ^^ J^^^^^ jf^"j^ ^ 
 
 ~~ ^hic^'^iis ~anceftor», , ^«e pffmc, rctprnr^era, ma inciiL 
 .panegyrias, have offered to juftify^ their fcparatipii| h€ 
 
 
 
fc^nrcf^tcdanliuncJrcdtimes before lie was born. JhH 
 
 Jnccfl^nt. repetition q£ the fame hackneyed argutnenW 
 
 , fT^esan infuperable obftinacy accompanied by a barl 
 
 v^^ennefsofinvcntien, wl^ich excites both contempt and 
 rfifgufl.^ He g^rble^ ^n extra A from Ockbahi and 
 
 ' ?^ncrmiton,. ^hich fcrv^ to fill Jiis papiphlet, the extraai 
 wily (hew that the wrkers were ignorant br inaccurate,' 
 «sthcirauthQrUy Ispf fiowdght, th'e writer does not 
 Inquire whether the parages adduced be gcmiinc pr not • 
 
 lie is^not ciifpofed^o iuftify t|ie miftakes or inaccuracies of 
 allcathdicwriteni; they have the modefty, to fuhmit 
 
 t^eiropMiions to the judgment 9f their fuperiors. |fthis 
 ^ftigator wjflic^ fo pbli|;e the public wifh propofitions 
 jxtra«f^ed from t^|c writings of catholics and condemned, 
 lie mSy find whcripwith to fillafblio vplum#l|p 
 „ I" his next chapter he tdmit^ that the church of Chrift 
 If catholic or ^iniverfal ; buj he ^'hinks this chara<^eriftic 
 . <loc*^not belonif to the Romifh church. Re does not 
 fecminclirtcdtod^fputethc univerfality pf time. The 
 faft is indtfputabre -^ that the Romilh church did com- 
 in«nce in ^h? ^p.o^lc'9 4^"^^ and continues yet, is a ha 
 of fuch unque(iippable notori^ty^ that ^le man would be 
 thought ^t for bedJaiP, who woiSid venture to difpute it. 
 Pc. has pot told ^s whhH:hi8 laft aijd t^eft reformed 
 church, of which he is ^limfclf either the fpunder, or the 
 ininrfter, commenced ; norljiashc told us in wji^t part 
 of the world it lay concealed,, elifhec vifibjc or invifible, 
 even fmce Luther's r^formatibn j^ before that period, if 
 l>e pretends, that ^>id ^n exiftehcc at ^ll, Lt one pro.' 
 ^ettant of common information will believe iim. If the 
 chqrch of Chrift be cathb|ic^ the church of which he is 
 miniftcr is not the chi^rch of thrift. The antecedem h^' 
 has admitted ; to dcn^' th<j confcouent argues Something 
 ^(jffc thah ignorance. TTiough he does not difjpute the 
 Vnivcrfality pf time, lie thinks the univeKality of place 
 ny ^fljiidfi niLt,,fu« : - H^vf." iayshe, p. ,48, **her ' 
 tenr,t« been propagated in every nation on earth V Ptr^, 
 ^aj||^wthority offet. Paulmayfatisfy him : " Flril 
 
 then. 
 
 
 M. 
 
 .!«,: '.v 
 
,«9 
 
 \hen, fays tlic apnfilc, w^iifi^ to this /Romifli tlfitif^i;^ 
 thank my God for you all ; becaufe your faith, Spifiis umhn'^\ 
 is anwmnccd in the whole world,— -Rbm. i. 8. Thr 
 Rorriifli church was therefore catholic in the apoftlp^ 
 days, vvill the cafti^?ilor inform us when it chafed to b^ 
 catholic? ^hat nation is there, in which her tchets Kav^ 
 not bccif prcgchcd ? If there be any fach,^> which the' 
 writer yc^ much doubts,' W faith wiU yet be propagal' 
 |cd then; \ t^'cpinftimmiion of the World U the, limi^ 
 prcfcnbed by jhej[»y(o^r to fht^^^^^^ of the faith 
 
 of his church, fcifiVcii^rks p. 13^ . ._. . . . the writer*! 
 feafoningon'thcfub^e^ is refuted by lilence, it fccm*^ 
 that this Cafii^tbr's (i]|irit o? divination ^ould difcovcij- 
 
 ^° ^^^§lkdl *^ ^^^^ he fays, becaufe the man muft fay^' 
 fometh^^t^t a little rcfleaion would have fhewn this 
 writcr'thatmany ofthe paflagcsby w^ he attcmptjf 
 \o illuJiratc this poiotWe applicabl? o^ly to thcfe dayt ; 
 \yhen " the whole earth will be filled with the glory of tfi« > 
 tord/* Xh^**? *rc days therefore in his opinion in ^i^hicli 
 the earth is not filled with the glory of the Lord, how 
 fadly the ?ingc|s Were deceived whom Ifiias heard crying 
 out inceffantly *' the whole earth is full of the glory of 
 the Lord."--|fara^ yi. \ An^ I^vid was not lefs 
 miftakcnwhcn he faid ; " the Heavens announce the 
 glory oftii^Lord,andihc firmament declare^ the wori? 
 ofhish^nds.r::.P(:ii;}t(|".^^ 4 V * ' -^ 
 
 Our piftigator l>egins this chapter t,y f;iying "pro- 
 tcftants, M, wcllas papifts, are perfuaded that ^he church 
 of Chrift is (catholit' or upivprfal j"»and, ends it by faying' 
 ^ that thii JiniitirlaKty can be fio chara<aeriftic of the 
 church of Chrii^ in iifcrprcfent fituation/' From thcfc 
 two prq&ofitions, cbhtradiaing cj^fh the other, and ad-^ 
 vanced^ilhioiliri the lanjc breatli,%i*con<:lude wirh un- ^ 
 erring certainty that cotififtency is no charafteriftic of 
 .tfajs* caftigator: 
 
 iga^ 
 
 ma n redu ced to fm^lrilraitw iiaiLobi 
 
 lea of pity, I^c felt the impoflibility '<^ applying this 
 
 uftivtrfality td hia' new roodejled church, and wifely 
 
 concluded that though proteftants do believe the cKurcH 
 
 * . ' omvcrfal,, 
 

 
 . i^niiei^l, ymvcrfality is ijot a cbaraAcr^Aof the churchy, 
 cf Chrift. Thus, thougU h^ (lalls hlm(p|a, proteftant^ 
 luiocw models, t^l^CRrQtcftsMitiqrccd* arl| fits, it. to his. 
 
 ttwBL convei^mp. B!^ ^iitfcaKcly vcn;t|re^to deny tha^ 
 be church J<^f Cbf iil was belicv.eti to>he <^i|om or ui*^* 
 '«cr(al iathc^rft age^^^pfchriflknit)^* th|lj eJ^hoAicityor 
 
 ^ umverfiiUt l^iwajj thi^ tl^ou^t; %o Ibj? ^ ^^raacriftic of 
 Chrift's church J this is oiiifif %f%nPt^ of ^CHrift's, 
 church, which, is exprefsly maj^ei'inh^Phc.^ 
 c^ iaith, which ^c hiivc upon rccprdV^Win he. then con- 
 4efcead. to inform usjf the Romifh churcK be notca- 
 
 ^licvoi? UniYerf*ii»;What other church is^4r ever was ? 
 ■When was i| that the Rpmifli church a,rrp^te4; to her- 
 iidf the title, of catholic, and proteftant^ b egan to diftln- 
 grnOi Romanilbfroniot'hicra.by calling t}^||||phoUc$ ? 
 Cat^^his fpiiit of divinatiou difcorer .the time ^^en we 
 Vho callourfelves.<;athoUc« were called proted^nts, or 
 vmre diftirtguifcadlby any Qthef aafije ? Aiid they who 
 9^JktIierofelv€8!n9W|)rpteftants, were callcd,tathol!(;a and. 
 were diftin^^i&§d irom us^ tfjat appellation'? In what 
 lime, by what m^ns, by whar npa^Jc has this change 
 if^pn effcaed ? ThpugH ^J»0 enibarraillng fjucftions 
 ^mit no folutio*^, the writer propofes one extremc- 
 fy, firoplc ; Has thisi. caftigafqr tyet in his ferious mo- 
 ilpcnts f rcyailccj on. hitofel£-to, Wli^^^^ t%t little 
 
 conventicle, of which h^ is a paftpri wheihtr by ^he 
 
 ^c^iois of.thc>eople.nomiiiatfi4, or inAttuted by fomc 
 9crcmQny; of which the Viter knqtvs nothings is the 
 churc^i of Jefus Ghrift* foupded by the apoftleSj to 
 H'luch the proHiires were made ? iJ^sJtLQreifled.his ima- 
 gin»ticui even in his dreams, that aU the eW^. of Jefus 
 C^jirift have bcenjranaificdwithihthp pale oj his little 
 
 , cODventiclf? ?, Jjla^ this imrOi^ufc cr0w4, ^ w^cun St, 
 |phii^ipeak8„ftfy, vn, p, been ianjjific^ip-tfecoinmu. 
 nion of his new little church ? Docs it cnf^tirace all na. 
 
 7 tion8,lnbe8, peojplcs amt tongue^ jT^TEhuiW^ apvfllo 
 .defcribci the ^fl^ |.,/' J^ JiMr. 'iud ^ behbm^: » g^^^^ 
 i,^7i>rowd whom no one coiiW i;rat|iJ»:ic>,9^^ aU i^tleus and 
 
 '■^.' 
 
 tribes^ 
 
%t 
 
 OU8 mo- 
 
 ^es^aiicipeopilM, ana tifegui^^^^ 
 iamb." What dacs the cJlEftigabr tMnk of this p* 
 ^Tage ? bit m the church df Jeftis Chriathat all «H5ft 
 CilUons of mittions arc fauaificd or is it itot? 4f«Ht H- 
 which even prcfumption will not vcntiire to 'deityi ;l1ii 
 thurchbf jefos ChTift istfeelreforc the chutch of iiU^C 
 tiqm, of att tribesandtoiigues, it is coiifequctttly timVeH3!. 
 t^c Cafiigatbrtnay notljeltevcit; 4n^ as k% abfMut^^ 
 ^ Impofiible that thi^ mtfltitude witrhoot milriticr =feou« 
 b^ Modified ahd^rfe<a«idiiiany'bhiirdi, ^hiih% iHit 
 HaiWfal bothin time and plitcf^hcnc^ fdtows atiothet 
 conf^tjucnce of the moft fcriousiiii^ort to this caftigatol, 
 and his deluded friends,' that is, that his new modeHeia 
 ^hutqi^lijich all nations and tongues arc not: fqtHid, 
 ' is no^Tchurch of i^s Chrift. r ^. i .^«. 
 
 From thcJcatholiciry of the church, which the caftigt- 
 tor admits in cfae page and denies In the next, he pitflesi 
 to the doarine bf infallibility. This ddaritie the wriifcr 
 bad flicwn to be a neceffary cottfcqncnceof the chufthei' 
 indefeaibility, of which protcftants arc as ftrenttorts 4Up. 
 ^porters as thcRbmiOi church; fays our caftigator p. i J3, 
 rorifitbetruethat theeatiftcnce of the church cannot 
 be interrupted,it is therefore true' that (he cannot teach 
 faMc doftrine^ fof if flie be fuppofcd tb^tcach falfe doc- 
 trine at any time, (heat that time i* not thcHoufe ^f 
 ' God, the .Ttlhtr and Ground of Trtith, as St. Paul fayl, 
 2d. T1m.iii.15i but the pillar and ground of falfehood. 
 fhc therefore at that tipie is not the church of Je^is 
 Chrift,^but the fynagoguie of Satan, her exiftcnce is- in- 
 L terr\ipttd, andiuftead of being indcfcaible, fte has 
 I* fiiiled, and the gates of Hell have prevailed againft her, 
 notwithftanding the promife of Jffus Chrift. Hence it 
 is manifeft tothe meaneft capacity that her indefeaibiltiy 
 once cftablilhed, her infallibiUty follows ^ indifputably. 
 tji u m III If ^B \ he f'itH t| ittl ^ n ^ i(w H in>i cvuii iiii< null 111 iitiwi' 
 
 writer's reafoning on this fubjea ; of that hc^dt the 
 impoffibility, but to divert the att«nticfh of his ret^rs, 
 and fiU hii pamphlet with fomcthiiig, hctranferibes 
 * " iom'i 
 
 M.:^.A. 
 
 n 
 
%i:' 
 
 ^ja 
 
 -^ 
 
 fdme Iragments from the Councils of Conaance aiSd &; 
 fil, in which the authority of the Cpuncil is declared 
 fapcriorto that of the Pope, and their dccifions of in- 
 felhblc authority ; and In oppoTition to thefe he cir<# 
 fome garbled .paffages. from Catholic writers, who think 
 the pontifical authority fupcrior to that of any Council 
 not authorifed by the pope j fragments from the Al, 
 COMil would have been as mucl^ to the purpofe : for 
 whefchci- the decifion of a Council affembled bv the papal 
 authority and coijtinued in oppofition to his injundi- 
 Oat, ^ of infallible authority, as the prelates in Bafil 
 pretended, or not, ^s many believe j and. whether the 
 pontifical approbation be neceffary to authbrife the de- 
 crecs of Councils or not, it is not the le^^n, nor 
 the lefs univerfally and invariably bclievePIPall Ca- 
 tholics, that the ^odrinal decifions of the paftors of tht* 
 .church, united with their head, is of infalhlye authority 
 and on this truth there is not,iior ever was.a Ihadowof 
 :^^^^^<^^oion amongft Catholics, as the writer had 
 ^^ffertudm his Remarks. For if it be iruc,asfome pretend, 
 that jhe dccifionofa '^ouneil.bf BtOjops, whether au- 
 thoriibd by the pope orNwt, blei of infalUMe atithority. 
 It is not the fefo true that their dccifion authorifed by 
 the pontiff's judgment is infallible; and if it be true, as 
 others fay, that a dodfinal decifion of the pope accom- 
 panicd by the conditions, which they require* bejjpfal. 
 Jiblc^it is at ^ leaft equally true, and more certain, that 
 ms decifion authorifed by the judgment of the Coundl 
 IS infalhblc. On this doftrine there is no difagreemcnt. 
 covariation. This then is the term of commuiiion j 
 t^at dQctrine which is believed by all Catholics, in all 
 places, v^nd at all time^ ; a doftrine (bconfittent with 
 .flic plan of Chriftianity, that Protbftants have admitted 
 .^^t the learn<?d Dodor Bull, in his ^cfence of the faith 
 _grtheCouncilofNice,j(ays 5 «Mn t haf c o uncil a prin- 
 cipal article of the chriaian religion was in difpute.if in 
 •queftion of that importance it be imagined that all the 
 paftors of the church could fall into error, ana deceive 
 j — , • ■■*• .■■■■' J >^3t>- - ^ 
 
 ..'ff 
 
♦.♦ 
 
 M 
 
 i~ 
 
 '<?i.' 
 
 'defcnaed^whorpr;omJ^4 t*?^^l^^ apjofj!^, and to li^ic 
 |u,£Gq(r^fi6^to ^lea^lv^iys them ? Jl^hetj^r^ga^ wo^ld . 
 
 Hjot be true f b<?ctiifc the ippftl^* w^Vp nij^^Uye a long 
 time, were it not thatthcii* fucceflbriv^cte comprif 
 U the perfooi of tbe apoi|lcs th<:mfelYc<<. Bi»P» W^fii^ 
 irfim-'^\ a, p. ^. Tq .j^r^c tha^ tbfc^ ^s tbp do^ 
 |rinc Acn faught in Mi^^cljurch, tliis learned 4Jjrotc(i:an| 
 ititcs a patfagc froqi t^^l|^<KUn Soc^tes, L. vv ^.^ 
 " tjiqi^ffili the fathcrs/^lliat council were fimplc ai>d.no| 
 very learried, they cbiild liot fall irrtci error becaufc they^ 
 were ghUgt^tcrted by , the Uj|ht of the IJoly Ghol^," this 
 IS tiie doetrinc ofBoaor tiuli, the doarjni which is n% 
 turally JMCpfled on ihe,romd hy thip pif^Wiiifc of Jdiji 
 fchriftilKe ajways #ith the paft(|rs <3|li%^hurch^tcac|L» 
 ibg ancl baptiAng, and alCo to fend the tloly Chpft i/% 
 teach t^cm all truth.-r-Johnxv|,,i|, .thf|smth^ liwift* 
 \wA!i^A fcnfe muft bt nnderftood qf aH.ttuth ncccflarji: 
 ^(^.(alvatiOti. ; , r, > ,,%: .* -« '^f ^ ^x^^ ^'<M ^L s^^Vn^^ ^ 
 1 *0ur faftigatbr after haviqg filled a? pon#|^6f page* 
 jwiththcfec^traAsvW^hi^h whether genni^ci or Sot tha^ 
 VrUcr believes him t9 hiave faithfuity tranfcribed froip^ 
 nis repertory, becaufc hd kasfcen them more than once 
 befor^e, inquircii, With that; jjolitenefe whicl^ is peculiar |^ 
 himfclf, how the fimple faithful may i^^pf, wVthec 
 . topes or Councils are the greateil liars, p. tfi* , To.thU 
 the writer replies, that his better half and jhis Jayourite 
 maid, inay learn from him, wi^h as much caie andf||^ 
 Ifittty, as,he himi5?lf has learned from his familiar fpirU,i 
 which exhibits s^ / ftroi^g refembiance to that of thr 
 delphic Pythonefla. The ymtcr infcrts a fuppafed 
 dialogue between the miftrefs a^d the maid coalcquent 
 to oneof the caftigator'slcdures.^j^^^. s, , v^nvrv^'^ t 
 J, tord miftrcfi ! "^at a woiidcrtul man is matter i, 
 TJ be fare tl^ ^^wiip p ope^ and^popiih bilhQps, Wy^ 
 all liars,' MaScr faysT^ t#*is 
 XM.- Ay- ay! Jan6; My5< 
 good roan reads the bibi% r. t-jife^^ , *,* 
 
 owsthat: my 
 
 '^J;a;- 
 

 Y*?'*-.** f-'"'*^^ you Kiiow^ tnar r" ' ' ' • •••• '*« **♦..; 
 
 5» I f * *7 • j*"^ • -iiic uiDic lays fnat tnc ITiaffieeS 
 
 f '•■ tpsL W n<J^ f«iii kno* tha^ p ' i- > .; lui i . -t,* ,3,. , . 
 
 W%inito telf^^ tX^ncrt the btWe %^^!f? filed 
 
 -. — - -"- ^— c y^^wij j^juii^ woman- najcca una^r tm 
 tre^? But miftrdfs, i(t« not imagif!^ Idols ? Mjjttfcf %s fo. 
 -Yhfe icKalogttt, Wmyh/thbuglt futipofed, is hot the kd 
 / rjiturtl', fthfiWy bpofts rife ktifi^^^^ this caffigator and 
 hiii fcfloW f dPofirmWi, Who uiidcr|fr«encie of rccaliiftg the 
 ^eoptefi^m%po^d ci-rt^ hifdUkp^C^ 
 
 ttifi, to th6 authority^ oiF die JcHjrtQrei, giVdi|irih- 
 /atuated foftai^rs th^ir^fa opinioni regardrfWtfe 
 fcnptnrts. Thierclt ^low bfeifote the Wrirera vei^JSj 
 ^ old andtibtir tfeftaiicut bt »oaor Southwell, fwellccl 
 to tn'mdrthoixihulk^ by hfi notes aftd cotoments ; , irf 
 theftHQt^^iluffcOmiitrcAts, foitieoiP^hifeh are toot anly 
 hUc, but extravagant ef^en ro folly, a deluded murtltude 
 mnk thty find the Genuine feti^ the fcrfpjutes, whUft 
 
 fTirr fintl u\ >i ili|l|i I TjBl iiiLl pfthtj fanatii:, 
 
 which he has fubftiti^te d t^tlg ||^ntended by t^^in-' 
 (pind vnnm:*^mdt$ttlm^tA his toote on the Vii. 
 ta the Hebrews, he fiys : " it & alloWjed tliat Attfatam 
 
 -./ # • . was 
 
J 
 
 if , 
 
 111 
 
 •f 
 
 2qr.Pt Ttoj^cM a n«rti9n.dr^ia)e^.l^ufp,^n there v^rcrc 
 
 f9M-il?i^^^-^fift, ^^W|».ft^ IW •^^pd in its 
 pu|l^t5^j^^t^ ^f^^^fji^ fc<? 3^ wij^c^eftur^ 5he- ftyi^l 
 
 p)ije;^^l^cif pf|%^ m%^ may ton 
 
 be the aroa^tcft lijir%tj,e. writer tirai^cril?es a jUmjpIc^ru}c>9f 
 gr-ca^gdpjty and rtjfpeaj^bje^^y thprity, b^ wrhiclj o^ri . 
 ^4jP|P!l inifomed^ hi^^^ inay^d<:t^rc^J8yftjv 
 ?aua);Ci^fc aivd itifapibl9..c^haiii|y^^^^ whi^l^<^.)his^igatQij 
 
 ^alluppp thet^e^pT^^^Lcfdl^^^^ 
 
 ji^l th5J[ ^.G^hlflis jn^j|iQn^the^'',have;notbeUcve4( 
 
 ^car4 ? jA«cl" ba,w 'fcatf tScYv herf wUhdut » 
 
 >9w {halt tbey M^ ^^^U^m H 
 
 preacher t 
 
 —3 — -2- — i Li- J- 
 
 lutnc 
 
 zaruffator. paftJ 
 
 _ * r.ameW^ churcUj kn% tu prea% ^ Thfs qjicftK^n i&jiB^t^ 
 
 r^lS^*'!^ -. 'i?' 
 
 apbflle 
 
 *. ^^ ' 
 
- '>'*f' 
 
 
 "♦» 
 
 % tnith if the fcripturc^ be infallible.' No ittan feni 
 
 JGiiWfelf|'thatf M bcart W^^ntriJ 
 
 ^^^Tbn/thc thiK wb fcildg the p^'capiicr irttift himfdf 
 
 ■jfeffcfs thpiu|h't>ifity tb prcadi' : fotf no^^han can cod. 
 
 %ftil^ife tb'andifji|fHr tbtttiijid^ li^ljich U himfctf h« 
 
 IBoti; ^'tt'jsiin aini^ t^aimm ^ eiv«! wAat Jic h^ 
 
 ^m^\^iict\x:f^^ tbtft)^* %horit| 
 
 iH preach ihuft Hp^^iid frofh jfftis cfcrilv tirtiu^lj^ li^ 
 
 • apoftlc§, wbPfli he (e^it to preachy in a regular and tiniii^ 
 
 tcrruptcd fucccltibn— agai^ft thiis reafo^ihg it 19 ttladneli 
 
 ■ibcontchd. T^w '^Je 6^^i" i|po((fe, inifSribly tiuc an^ 
 
 extremely fiinpic in itra^t)li<iitrtln, Ih^^s w^H the trfcj^ 
 
 exa£V prccifion 3^nd unerHng certainty M'lietl^ ^^his our 
 
 ' Edinbiirgh. ci^Jgat6r be idiiid of truths tt o«fc of thcfe 
 
 ' emiflaries of wbon) the Lord faid by his prophet, Jeyemi^ 
 
 '|ti, xivi I ^ : ,♦* jfhcY' pi:opbeCy filfely in iny faapic : 1 did 
 
 jiotXend tiilm n'Srcom^ did I fpcakto 
 
 thefh ; it is a lying vtlioii^ and divination, (he fraud and 
 
 icduAlop of their hearts; yhich they prop'feccy \% v^i 
 
 ixiii,i&i : "td^ hot fend theifc|tt)phets, aiid they tan ; \ 
 
 did not fpcakto thep, and they prbphe^cd." Jfliat thcfei 
 
 ciniflaries,who r'ari mthbut being fcnt were not exclu^vc 
 
 Jy confined to the mofaic dlfpcftfatiojpi wV t^now, from St^ 
 
 FauU ii|,.t6 tiiiji: I. W^ 'fiiya i thit^ioine had^^^ 
 
 ^ittfi c^nty and (aiilii ^*. ddffiring ^o fee teach«i^|^ the 
 
 i|l^ ; fi|a<Serfiahd:ing nciihflF-^hat wiey fay, ilor whereof 
 
 ttiff affii^,** and in his «d tb Tim.lv. He ftn-etells a^^ J 
 
 a^ufe^f whiQh antlqu^t^ ^few■nottlmg, thitis, the 
 
 iifurpatron of the m^iftry, liy tb<! (*^opietrV*ior the time 
 
 wilt come when they wilT not'efldur^ foti^S'&dlrine, but 
 
 ■i.**.J% c 
 
 - .^*^#n. ** »uj^ If 
 
 v„ 
 
 apoCllc^ 
 
'•^ ' 'V^' 
 
 If^" 
 
 -J,'. 
 
 
 % 
 
 ■"f.r*" 
 
 n 
 
 J^ 
 
 dilfe fucceflion ; that of them not pnc fendfi hiirtfclf J not 
 %tic prciumCT to u(urptheipiniftty j^Rnqf, ths^t jrch^ina-^ 
 md^^ ^<i/ iiid a8 rpany'bth^r64c> } not ope receiv^ his 
 |iiffiftD but from thofc, who have tiir nifelycs Mn in(U-' 
 ^fi^^ci-ding tq t^c tMyinc ordlnatipn ; this iM fed fl^ 
 '^'ch'tinqucftion^blc npttricty th%t no protelJant of com- 
 iftioAftnfe ever denied it i of ftTch imprcfliv^ evidence Chat 
 ^eiiurilwrf EiJglAnxi, the only protcftjrtit church, whkh 
 %M retained iwap()c^^^ Pfthe ancient church, proves, 
 ^ at kail en«^civ6ur^ to j^o^c, her miffion froni thcfe 
 popes anftpop|(hbi(ijyOp«. pence the writer cOnpiode? 
 nhatthefe popes and byiho^s, though they may not ob- 
 tain the i&probation of the caiJigator , are notwithftand- 
 ing the paftors,. whom JeA*$ Chrift now gi^es to hii 
 chufdh^ for the pcrfiaion of l\h eied. As this conclufh 
 on direi^W excludes the prctehfibnf of this Edinbui-gh 
 taftigator, ind I'cdtices hii^ to that level, froni wh|ch, by 
 Ms priyateaw^horit^, of by fomf pretended aut^iority ^ 
 ?hc tamo nature, and confc(Juently not greater than hii 
 0wn, h|'lisj»n?^'d him Jic toay npt perhaps fo wiUin^- 
 . ty aduSt it* but wjiether he admits or difputes it, it i* 
 hot the left cemlo. St. Paul, whofc fu^hority is of 
 f(W weight, pKprefsly jiuthorirfes it 't iii W epiftie to 
 "^ the Ephefians. iv, the ^poftlcfays :- •' ind^c, (Jcfu^ ChrlftJ, 
 gave ifomc apodks,ati4 (onric prop^ts, and (omc ev*pi 
 gchflSya^id (bmip jq/lcir(tind 'u(i(h<rsl fir tbi pajedit^^ 
 ihti fiflnUy fifths vmh of ibf tiuni^ry, fir ike tdi/p^g ffibi 
 ho4y ofCbriJi^ laiHiwi (ill co>ne i^tbt tmttx rf'tl^f faith, aoo 
 of the knowledge o(^ the Son ^f God unto a perfeft man, 
 into the mcafurc of the natiire o^thc fulocfii of Chrift, 
 ^ that vyc bf^i^^*"^ children V^lfcd to and fro, and jcarii. 
 fd aboMt trfib every wini^ qf ^o^rine by.^Jrc iraft (in the 
 originaUi(^if , that is, dice play) of nicn, by the (huf 
 
 ■'> 
 
 .-♦*ia 
 
 ^ 
 
 lV-w f 4teHfa»flat< 
 
 err o r* T> 
 
 methodeian^ mk^ifffiM^^^k ^^A^^fp^ the tennis convcf 
 the Cuneidea* lii its comrooo acceotation, ill %nifie$ 
 * tmmlKmiion^ or imttjhtrt* Eitker uic|i the^apoftle hai 
 
 :m^Wl' '■- d.ffeiv«l 
 

 M 
 
 'l^t 
 
 '^v^i 
 
 smmw^ ito^b^^lmis the 
 
 i|''^5,,^«ij^eypqly, tQ Whom Ac ftUthgrUj; «r%auig 
 
 m tc^(;Wn^ his flpck Ycac(^ h^ Je(wi Ch^ift w W ?pof 
 Umsii\v<^5vc3.|ig?inft.pop'c8 and gpvio^itj wUI. not in v^lu 
 
 poiajtifi^Cf^t, ^i ^litMrt his ^ifflpUs ag^indftjie vtifee gf 
 iyp^uff yiholpK\]f^ ^V^^im ? 'U^ :bc led aftr»y^U 
 
 lU.iiife • ' ' *. ilronffcr 
 
 Vj,;. 
 
 ■'4 '.i 
 
 ^ I'^^j 
 
 rongcr 
 
 
fays^ jR^att.xviii,^! J^ '•^^if itiy iniinwiti not htur t1ni cliu 
 let ;to be to|l^£ mathe^ or ji ^ubncari?*7r!ife ehufA 
 
 br 
 
 „, 4;^er feu^rilbjusi^uic ^ViftiM ^li p^tjs.anci l>iftc# 
 by aflpbfcfUiri inc^^^^^^^ t6 fiu%.'tfii jr^ 
 
 ciemcriti^ tif l^cidiicc. ^ItrtciT, the s\nr\ktt ^rcicc^di t|) 
 difcufs t!ie feackn^yed fubferfu^^^ .which tb6 caftigabt 
 has tranfcribed 'f fom Aii jr^pttiory/lo piviii€'or%^^¥ ]tp 
 enibarriis a trlrth VJ^hTchcannl^.li'ciudcc/. ISfe^kH^it- 
 
 lol^ that IftfeWibillty prov^^'th6i[nfeiktiotf of tl^ ^rf^' 
 
 , ijf iiiipucu ; yi "WC6 uc i|ui i ix iiq uuc5, locy may p 
 
 atfuincd as jpfi^ijifel JtaAit^cd On hoitiifbh: tf h 
 does hoi &fehfe^g^^ai;d^dy inijS^feC^iikblU ai^ 'Hi 
 f rtibarSifccf td'^ovc^ tfe^Kriman .rcI^ioA /tf iifc, and' iSc 
 fcript;ures (JiviK^y ihfplred, aga[bft atheifti^ anii' d^^ifls«- 
 fee aTf^Ji<ffef>h thcfifft ^rinciptdi of thriliiiAity, (fi 
 Whic^ tbiTj^u^iilidn is difcuflfed, atidlhfc fophifins df 
 4^heat$ ahd^^ift* etamiiic^^ docs no^ 
 
 feeito t6 kftotir; wtul logkiibf uii^irftand by. a vicious 
 fSrdeln aVg^nitht. When oft^wp things equally uncii*- 
 talntht 6^ ii aiTurtied as a c<!rtain principle to prove the 
 
 . .. ^.1 
 
 other. /i'hlTRirwtDUB circte. 'IJoejiliWca^^^ 
 tend that a prffticfplc, admitted by btith parties as certalh 
 and infallibly true, is aft uriccrt4ia/pHntlp1i| 4|^i|||f 
 ^ch nottfenfc tkcrc is no rcafolilrij^*/ , ; > ^ " '^ > 
 
 Aftcf 
 
 V"- 
 
 I 
 
 f 
 
 . ?%.# 
 
 I i^. 'jj 
 
"f 
 
 
 
 t tr^th, which blinds him^ this ijit^^fjaltf trjinfcriW 
 
 tisa page y«|ih a citatioii frqm.jV^ ^r^i^ih itt wHicli 
 c^tird^ of Chrift, ^enjoiriin^ i>^cdic^ His cturcli. 
 
 itt-c jcltcd, ahcl tlie c6iiduh-of tlie ^-^mere of the tfii^tj 
 niiie ahieics o^ feK^abcth's crccci' Is fia^^ ioconj 
 
 M^^ w|!th ^thU j^u,0ion. , To' (h^ £h^ ^^»tbf ^fe 
 flidi I *' t|iat ^ iramtrs pf ^tie thrtty^nine articles \*^rt 
 itfnora nt of ' any precept, wHicti ^bl Wed thcoi to ^oiioW 
 qie direiaibh b^thech^|iirip1^^ If (b t$ey wcrd 
 
 ighoftant of the fcriptiircs^ ais is this eaAigatqr : for there 
 Is toot a pr^ceptin th« decalqgtie more cxprefsly iniiouw 
 ced titan that of JcAi^idhfift, Matt, xviii. if : ** if ai^ 
 gittn U'ijl not hear the Church let hinqi be toyoiias a 
 jReathei^ oi* » ptblican.'^ Though the fn'mers of thd 
 thirtj^.ninf articles ktiew no precept, Which, obfiged them- 
 ' if^iivti^^lii^, ihe church of ChniPs infctution, they 
 feemed to know fpmething of a pretept, which obliges 
 Jijglifliinch to ob^y the church of EUzabcthV ^nftituti* 
 M^ ii^.inot^^if tnim of tjic church oif knglarid 
 oyiged td (Ubfcribe the thirty-nine articles ? Are^-fiot 
 the ftudents in t^upiyerfities obliged "jlt^ fvibrcribe tlifi^ 
 before tbey have lea^fnc^I to c.iafn^nc theih ? Is this 91^ 
 .#r Gonfittcnt whh idat fundamental principle: th^ 
 /cripturcs af*e a fole aind fufficient rule of fajth ? Itr itrhat 
 ]tx>ok of the fcriptiires did they find tK?* Elizabeth wal 
 Hifid of th^ church ? Where isijtfaid that a woman is a 
 minifter of the churcK|at all T The po^x of Par^riamcni 
 is great, that isadmiued > it can do Everything that if 
 ^•itiirally pofTible ) fo (ays BlacMone; but it qinnot / 
 make a woman a man ; and confequently could noi 
 , make the queen a mitoifter of Chrift's church, mucH 
 kfs could they make her the chief minifter of it. " They 
 had read fomewherc/' fays the caftigatbr, " to the law 
 •IKJ the teftimony ^ if they fpcak not attcording to tM^ 
 word, it i» becaufe there is no light in them " Ifaias 
 ^^m^lW^taxaT2:(y to the law for the people t0 
 obey their paftors ? If this caftigator's fpirit of divination 
 
 '^i'-'if 'ij ' 
 
«4« 
 
 
 jvHad not difcb^irered it, who wduld iniisigin^ tliit bbe*- 
 diencc ta tlic paftors of the chucch, fo ^rJ^^y and re* 
 jicatediy c^ijoinjsd, both iri the ©Id and new law, is con- 
 trary tb the. law ? We read ibmewhere that a doubtful 
 quefliort jn eontt-ovcrfjr Was to be rcferi'ed to the Priefts, 
 the Levites, andthe Jadge,. whtiib (decifidn was fii^l|, 
 
 f and that, iimple man, Mofc«; ^^ho had not an fidinburrgh 
 caftigator in his Council, inftead oC<clirtctirig the c©ri tend- 
 ing parries to examine the decifioh of:the Ptiefts^ 'ta 
 determine }f it w^ iptindtd in the law, fay?. Without any ' 
 reftri^iori : " And thoU ihalt do- according to. the 
 fcntence, wWchthfey lliall 'pronounce from the place whkh 
 
 I'the Lord ftiall choofe; thoti Ihalt tibr decline from the 
 fentenc4 which they will pronouifce iXi thee, to the right 
 hand norta .the left j. and thitt man^ho will act in {>ridei 
 and Wifl'^hot-febiirken to the Prielt, who will then ftind 
 jo nliniftcTr ther^, *to thd Lord thy God, and to the: 
 •Judge, 'that itian ftiairdie^ and thou^fliall iremove thai: 
 evil from Ifraei, and all tl^ j^oplc fljall heat; and fear, 
 ind iipt 40 in pride in fHturei," ,Dcut. xvii, 1 1, i^. Has 
 his ^irit pf ^<Jivinatfon difcoVered in what ftage, oPthe 
 MofaicTdifpcnfation, this injunftion of thatlcgiSator ccaG 
 cd to oblige ? ,When w*s it that individual* Were ai}thcN 
 Hfed to examine chfr decifion of the high Prieft and Kii 
 ^Cbuncil ? rflThe pfopnet " Ifaias called the people to the 
 <)bfervance of the la>^v of which obedience to their pa£- - 
 tors was in indifpenfibic precept j he warned them i^ 
 gainft theinfidious ariifices of impoftors— ►*' fJThen they 
 iay Unto you : cntjUireiof familiar fpirits (obot^J and of 
 foothfayers, who p^p^rand who mutter. Should riot the ' 
 people enquire ot^eir God ? Shall they enquire of -tbi^^ 
 living from theoead ? To the law and the icJtin^Qn>i|;> 
 if they do notfpeWaccordingto this word the mrfrni(te - 
 li ght is W& i f or them — ei n le hem Sh achar-'Ai vii«i ^C¥ 
 
 Thq prophet torbids the people to conduit familiar fpirits 
 (the iiriginal term okofhWA^ ^gnifyL VentribquifisJ of 
 Ibothfoyers- who^ peep, — '* bajidehonim hamet/aptfephin^y^ 
 tha^i is, whVinfpcdl the. sntrails of beilb or Ji^ifds whicli 
 
 ' Sk- J-r --^ .' '^ ■ ^--■^'•' ^ ^ • >AA«h-.< /'--t:^. '^ was 
 
• ' 
 
 ■ ! 
 
 vX 
 
 
 fl46 
 
 fbllyof coA^ng caijeaTcs or inanimate idofs on future 
 events, of which they know nothing, dircdh the peoplcto 
 obfervethelaw^, and on future events tohaverccouri^xo^e 
 ark of the tfiftiRioriy, #hich was placed undei- the merc^ 
 feat froi^ <vhich the Divine oracles Were ^iven.*'-4 
 . Expd. XXV, 11. He then concludes with a terrible me- 
 njce, that if they did not obf<irVe this injunaioii, the 
 morning light, by which profperity is figniified in the 
 propheticllyle, is not for them. Inthispaflage ^he caf- 
 ^ tjgator*8 ohih has diKcov^red that ilaias d5rea^d the 
 ' Jews to eitamine the doadne of their paftors; and If their 
 paftors did not teach according to the law,, to difregard 
 them. He forgot to tell us by whit authority theie 
 ve»triloquifts and foothfaycrs were* appointed pAftors oi 
 fhejewiih church, or teachers of that people j men who 
 i»% duped by fuch iinpoftUrc are icarcely deferving of 
 
 I In the rtexfc paragraph, p. IJ4, the ca<\*igator cite* 
 ihefe words from the writer's Remarks > ** oUr Saviour 
 faid withoiit teferve or reftridiqn : if he Will not hear 
 the church, let him be to thee aSa Heathen.*' To this 
 he replies : ^' the apoftW Paul alfo fays With a^ little 
 referve or rcftriction : • put them in mind to be fubjcft 
 to principalities and powers, to Obey magiftrateS,* yet 
 both the primitive Chriftiarts arid jjroteftartt hcreticsi 
 whom they have murdered in tiiyriads, can attfcft their 
 want of infallibility." To extraa fomething like argu- 
 mjint from this jumble of Words, arid ideas it muft he : 
 »« the Heathen magiftrates to whom Paul enjofncd obc- 
 dience WerU not infallible, fo the paftors of Chrift's ' 
 church, to whom Chrift irt the fame manner Enjoined 
 obedience, are* not infallible. The Writer was yelto 
 leara that the obedience to th e magiftrates a nd the ml* - 
 nifters of the ftatc, which the apolHe ordered, was of 
 the fame nature wich the obedience to the paftori 
 jnd< teachers of his church enjoined by Chrift. He 
 like other funplc men, who have np fijniliar fpirit to ' 
 ' ^ ' ' '" *' v^' , confulti 
 

 ^ 
 
 % 
 
 -"^;'', 
 -i/" 
 
 ^nft^lt^ tKaught the obedience of which the apflftle. 
 §)eaks confined to civil duties, and the obedience cnjoiivv 
 cd by the Saviou|r tobp o^stYeligious nature ; he had oot- 
 yet learned to believe that Ghrift had conftituted' tliet 
 minifteiTA and magidrates d£ the ftate, pallors and teach* 
 cc» of his church J oj^ that he ha^d made the paft'or% 
 and teachers of his church mintfters and magii^rates of . 
 the ftate. The world ij indebted ^6 this Edinburgh^; 
 ciftigator's <^. for two great difcoyeries : that th«v 
 yentriloquifts and foothfayers were the paftors of the 
 Jcwifli church^and that the Heathen magiftrates were the 
 ferft paftors. of "the Chriftian church/* "'^ t'*^ -t /- 
 He fills a few pages with irive^livcs againft the Pharl- 
 fecs and popes, whom. he claffes together ^jpd pioufly coilv 
 ligns to the fpirit of ft^rknefs* with whom he feems' 
 Ui have almoft as ^at an intimacy as his anceftor Mar-r 
 tin ;;,he teUs ijs, what\ye knoVi that the Saviour warnciC^t' 
 his difciplcs agairift the hypocrify of the Pharlfees, frcni, 
 wlience his readers m.uft conclude, that Chrift warned 
 the faithful againft: tlie hyppcrify of popes and popiiW 
 bifhops. If hi? had not informed us, we fhould not have-^ ^ 
 known tha^t Chrift had warned Ws dif^iplca againft th? 
 KypocriCy of the paftors olF his owainllitution : for after 
 all, tbefe popes and j)opifli bilhops, were the firft paftors;f 
 and the fole paftors 'of Ch rift's church, many centuries' . 
 befoce thp n^w modeHed church of this caftigatingpiiftor 
 was known. As he has been fo complaiiant tp us, his^ , 
 muftnot be furprifed at a piece of information, which, ' 
 *« give Wm, that is, that Chrift did vjriirn the faithful 
 againft the hypocrify not of the paftors o(bis own^boicefi 
 but of the paftors offbcir own cheice^ or of the choice of^ 
 others not authorifed by him. Thefe he, with great; 
 propriety calls wo!^ in fhcep's clothing T; "beware,?? ^ 
 fiidhe, " of falfe prophetSi. who come to youinihecp's 
 clothing \ but inwardiy tnVy arc ravening wolves."-*-^ 
 M a U. vii,; 4.^t Uii^ c i iis ca lii gatur, iu \m feribua imi>: ' 
 nwnts, ever beftowcd a ferious thought on this^ warning? 
 ^allthelj; invcdiVcs t^ie Writer can ^nd nothing like 
 
 ; ... .argument,: 
 
 ■'» 'j^'i 
 
 
 
 ■'i '^■ 
 
 
^44 
 
 f ^ 
 
 m 
 I* 
 
 • r 
 
 
 'if' 
 
 argtimcnt: Tic lias not cited one unfounded decifion of 
 
 'fhcpaftors of the Jcwifli Church, before their decifion 
 agairift Ghrift hittifelf, which was clearljr prcdiAed, and 
 '^ which it ceafed to be a Church. ^^^'^ '^ ■ ^ <- : . 
 
 ' ^ FrotR his repertory he tranfctibes a few lines from a 
 paflage in Jcromjs works, to whith, a^ ijfual, he affixes . 
 afenfeasoppofitetothe fenfe intended by that father, 
 i^falfchood is to truth : the writer tranfcribes the Whole 
 paffage, not from Illyricus's (?«/%«<? of Witnefes, thk 
 caftigator^a repertory, but from Jerotn's work now opea 
 before him ; *^Then Jefusfaid to th<? multitudes and to 
 the difciples : the fcribes and Pharifees fit on the chair 
 of Mofes, thereiFore all things whatfoever they fay unto 
 you to keep ; keep and do them, but according to their 
 works do not do,"— -Matt, xxiii, i. Qn this paffage 
 Jcrom fays ; ** What more mild, what more gentle than 
 the Lord ? He is tempted by the Pharifees 5 thcir„artifi- 
 <fes are confounded, and their toils, according to the 
 pfalmift, are the arrows of children, neverthelefs, for 
 thedignityof the priefthood, andof the name, he ex- 
 Tiorts the people to befv^bjeift'to them, conftdering not their 
 works but their do^rine, for that be fays the chair of Mo- 
 
 * fes, by the chair he fliews the-do6:rine of the law."— 
 Ber Calhedramofiendit doHrinam legit. In wgrds as clear- 
 ly cxprcffivc ai language can make them, Jerom fays : 
 that f^twithftanding the enmity of the PWfcifees, their 
 artifices, and hypqcrify, the Saviour in refpeft to - the 
 dignity of the ^nck\ioo6^^^ propter facerdotii dignitatek^* 
 enjoined obedience to thenri who fat on Mofcs' chair ; 
 and^ that this obedience confifted in obferving their 
 doftrine, Jerom proves from ChrifPs mentioning the 
 chair of Mofes. From this paffage the caftigator gar- 
 
 ^^jes thcfefew words: "by the chair of Mofes, Chria 
 ifteansthe<i©arine oftheLaw," intimating that Chrill 
 fi\d not enjoin obedience to the pricfts but to the law, 
 
 -of-wlHcIrrn-hisTiew modelled doctrine every crrbler was 
 the fole competent judge. Even thefe few words which 
 
 =li^ garblc^nhromJhe paffage, are firffificdt©^ I hem fonic, 
 
 way 
 
 t ^- 
 
 :i!l..^! ',:%,& 
 
(••'• ■«• 
 
 nr 
 
 way or other to his purpofc : it is infupportably irkfome 
 10 be obiiged to correct fo many impoftures. \JiQ this' 
 he adds a paiTage from St. Auftin> which in the genuin| 
 fehft is a fiill condemnation of himfelf i ** God there- 
 fore," fays" St; Auft^n^ *' teaches by them, Cthc fjaftors 
 ofhisow-n church) but if they teach doMne of' thiir 
 own, do not hear theqi," If it be true as 5t. Auftia 
 fays, that God teachej by the ^paftors of his own church, 
 it is therefore true that he does not teach by felf con- 
 ftityted paftorsjor by paftors appointed by others not 
 authoriled by him. But, continues Auftin, if they teach 
 doctrines of their own do not hear them. He could not 
 more exprefsly, or with greater- precifion ^-condemn all 
 innovators -./for if a prelate" regularly, inlliiuted, and 
 fonfequently a true paftor of Chrift*s church at the time 
 of his'injftitution, prefumes to fupprefs the doctrine 
 taught in his SeiB, attlie time of his acceffion, and fub^ 
 iiitute his own opinions, the fucceffion ceafes in him ; 
 the people are not ta believe him i if this be triie of a 
 Dcgulady ioftituted paitor, when he prefumes to inno- 
 yalc, how much more manifeftly^ tr^e js it of a man, 
 who, not being a paftor of Chrift*s churcl) at all, obtrudes 
 his opinions on the pebple. But how may the people 
 know that the paftor, regularly inftituted, changes the 
 ancient doctrine. The intelligent part of the community 
 kilow it by the teftimony of their fenfes \ they ^now th« 
 doftrine, which they had learnt in their infancy, and 
 they hear the innovator teach a dodtrine inconfiftent 
 with it* That this new dodrine, is not the do(Srineof 
 the cath'plic church, they may know with unerring cer- 
 tainty fronr^ the decifion of the paftorsaffembledintinion 
 with their head, who profcribc the error, and oblige the 
 innovator to retrad, or difniifs, him from his, charge. 
 St. Auftin, did not dream of fending the faithful to 
 examine the doftrine of innovators, by^thc rule of the 
 fcriptuTcs,«which uui one cif a ilumland ii^m^ ttmc, cdwrtd 
 I'^d, and of which not one of ten thoufand could pro- 
 " Cure a copy. This venerable prelate fays : " the truth 
 ' , . ^^ of 
 
 
 % 
 
 ^» ■immn^ 
 
 i 
 
which . detjfrmmed by theuniverf.l eliurch^ which the 
 
 authority of tlw fcripturc. themfelve, coinmin.U : that 
 
 Z ■ TI f'*""* """"• ''*'«'*'•• whoever fear. Mb, 
 
 ^'W.-^l 
 
 ^kceivcdby theobfcurltycifthU cjueiUon, m.y ccmfuk 
 on it. that church, ^hkh the holy fcriptiire without any 
 
 St, Aurtii^ Nvh(» knew the art of reafcwing aawdt », any 
 wntcT, wlmlb w«,bh*ye efcappd the raWgc. oftioic, 
 ciW not think: this rcaroning in a viciuu. circlo j hu Md 
 »ut our tdinburgh ca%,t(>r'8 lA. to dii:c(5t him! ^ 
 
 Jhu wrfrcrii, huUcmarb p.64. Ihcw«i,^ihcnece(5'ry 
 ^.'^^ «!VJOg>(lgc, to dctermitM! the true conflruAion ot 
 the Jaw, in doubtful cafb. ai»dcxclude the fiaiUgua can.! 
 tti-uAioi>8 of Ignorant or imertiM individual.' h^ul laid ' 
 that ftjch a Judge, wafcxia-efsly conllitutcd by Mi.Cca, i^ . 
 the old lar-^l)pu^t. xvii. and r.;futlng ab afotion of. 
 Podtof ^anfer. .imparang that tjhc. people vi^^rereferred. 
 ^. dotting c^fca to iht nripturei. not to their paftori; 
 fee had tj»4 that the pf.»phct Malachi thouglur the people 
 «?ould feck the law from the mouth ofthcpricft. p.' 
 104) and \x 87. he had faid, that when Chrfft (poke ot 
 i^i^fu|pMK»-aa(thc J^jwifli church. h« had emoinejd 
 obedience and fubmiai,on to their orders. We muft ad- 
 mi^re. Uic. iagacity of our Edinburgh caAigatpr, wlia 
 rdifoovcrs ^,n this an inconfiftency. He admits, tliat thi 
 pa<ragcs are truly ttated. If tlierc be an inco4r,{lcncy^: 
 muU^bc euh«r in his imagination or in ihoTcriptureR, 
 1^ replies to the pa%e in li^ut. xyli, that li inJ^liibility 
 .be proved by it. it mull apply to civil traniaAroni a^.. 
 L wpU.as ecclefuftical dilgufUons, and a fli.vre be allowed ■ 
 I to the Judge as well as to the hi^h pric(V If.he liad • 
 con(^Itcd the '(cripl^rcs, not Im *^ he wo^Jd hav*; 
 known that many.ofthfife trauMioua, which we ca|! 
 nvil wcrc.^cterminedby the Jewifh la«i, of which the ^ 
 
 k' a rV^,^"":"'' '"^y ^^^ C^lc judges, and thougfi jc 
 hola^lui numinaicd r>me civil mjgiilr;ites from other 
 tribes p fit in the iiup;cmc Council, with the p^iclls and 
 
 J . , Xevites, 
 
 
■ys-'^t ■ 
 
 l»> 
 
 m ; 
 
 # 
 
 ttv\tt9, and flr!ge wkli them In civtt a^fcrrii, yit aft 
 ecclcfwiUcal dii'cuflions were rcfcrvcH to the judgment 
 of the prleftd ! •• i^nd alio 1nJ[cruftilci»i, JcJK.fiipliat ap- 
 pointed of the LcVUei, and of the pritfta and of the 
 heads of the fathera, in Ifracl for the judgment of the 
 Lf tfd, and^or controvpH'y for the Inhahltanta of Je- 
 rufalcm i and hccommandcd tliehi, faying, rlfiua you (hail 
 aa in the fear of the Lord, in fidelity and with a pe^ce* 
 able fieart j and every controvcriy, which comes to you 
 from your brethren ' dwelling In their citica, between 
 fcloodand blood, between law and commandment, for 
 ceremonrci and cUUoma, you fliill (httw them, an^^ 
 I hey will not fin againii the Lord, and ^rath willoiot 
 be on your brethren, thua you will do ahd you will 
 not fin. A fid beheld Arriarlah^ the h'tgl) prkJU 'o^tr you in 
 every thing kifhich regards the lord, and Zebadiah fon o£ 
 IfinaH, prince in the houfe of Judah, over every thing 
 which regarda the king, and the LeVitei tetchera be- 
 fore you."— ad Chro. xix, 10, II. Dr. Southwell on 
 this paffi»ge fayi, that the civil magiftratca would not 
 have been admitted fco fet in the Supreme Council, if 
 many of the prlcfta and Leviies, had not tmk&cd their 
 duty. Whether the fevcnty elders choWi by Morc«r 
 Num. xi. 1 6, to compofe the Supreme Council, were • 
 taken indifcriminately from all the tribes, or exclufivfly 
 from the tribe of Levi as Southwell, muft have thought , 
 and hSa opinion is tendered 4)robable by the original text ; 
 for Moles wa» ordered to colled them, whom he knew 
 to be chiefs of the ptopic and teachers: ^' afljer, 
 jaditbu chi hem Ziknei haam ve 'Jhoteraio^* We knfiw 
 that the public inilruAlon was committed to ihe 
 Lcvitcs, it is unqueftiOwably true, that all ftligi^a ' 
 controverfies were refer ved to the judgment of the 
 J"eftg>„oyer whonaj the Jn^^ th k 
 
 their decifion was of infallible authority is equally certain : 
 
 for two rcafons, which bear no reply : the firft, becaufe 
 
 Ood by his prophet fays : "they will announce to you 
 
 .the word of judgment," tv higidm Icka diber bamifphat^ 
 
 licb 
 

 ^t- 
 
 ,■«*■' 
 
 .^4^ 
 
 which cannot, without blafphcmy, be u^rftood of an 
 unjuft fentcnce. To this firft rcafof>, th^riter adds a 
 fccond of equal force: God orders difobedience to their 
 dedfion tobe p^^iffied by death ; and Qod wevldnotv 
 nor could not confiftently with his jufiice and fanaitv' 
 enjoin obedience to an iniquitous f^yitenc^ unde> fo hea-' 
 vy a penalty. It is not jumbling unmeaning word Ao- 
 gether to introduce confu/ion, and calling Virriters greqt: 
 liars^ that will invalidate dole reasoning. ^;^ '^^ ^ f 
 After a vain effort to elude the force of tte parfag^ of 
 Deut.^svii, by fliaring the infallibility between the higlu 
 prieil and the judge» the caftigator dtes, from the wrii 
 tcr's Remarks, thefe words of Malachi : " the lips o^ 
 theprieftfhaliprefetve knowledge, and they fliall feefe' 
 the law from his mouth, becaufe he is the meltenger of 
 the Lord." Tcr this he replies, as if this writer had 
 claimed an unerring authority for the individuals of the 
 Aaronic priefthoodj an old artifice, by v^hiclf many 
 well meaning people have been deluded. Let h|m only 
 confult the following verfe, and he will fee whi ihfalli- 
 bility t»e$riefl^ of thefc days di(covered>^^%fiff^ 
 f^'^^ep^ll^filof tVway,^ What then ? fiiough 
 
 auty,itisWtf^to^truethatit wasthdr official duty 
 to teach tjie law^d equally the duty of the faithful 
 toj^^k the law from their mouth, as the'prophet declac- 
 V ed, a^ndthi^ writer afltertcd, authorized by hih, in op- 
 pofAn t6 ihat infult on common fcnfe, which fend* the 
 illiterate mechanic to fifli for the law in the fcriptures. ^ . . 
 
 Hayipgamuferfhis readers with fome garbled ej^trafts, 
 and a.f5?w; unmeaning words, which he calls dij(bufling 
 l^e Jewifh infallibility, this caaigator tells us that the 
 Jewilh church, like the- Romilh, gcheraUy found the 
 prophets rank heretics, perfecuted and put them to death. 
 Sv,tac 4mpJuu^ prhrces did p^^^^ 
 
 tr^c, bart that the Jewifli church did judge them fank " 
 heretrcs, is rank nonfcnfci What other fcriptures were 
 read in thdr fynagogues but the writingi of the pro- 
 
f\^.': 
 
 we iire to uiideHbnd that the Rerormid^, Wftom tH) 
 kovnifh church judged her^tks, ' were prophetJs. What^ 
 a catalogue of new prr(^het& His fpirit df divination kiH 
 ^fcovered? diiedf them we knowaffumbd the titie of 
 Evangieli^ of Wirternbergr ^ aSd was csdled tive JSkrimni^ 
 Prdphct by his pzneg:yrifts. this 6iiO;ig)tor no dtnil)! 
 in\\ %e\i us when we niay expf<): tMfi hew Meifiaii W)tQ^ 
 propfkets htv6 been rejected by th6 Romilfa cHiircb^ oi^ 
 fiiail we believe the apoiile, thdc tliis inia^niary Chrift 
 sis yet cxfieded by the jew«§ i» ilie teal An trchrifl, andf 
 tlefe pretended piropheta hi$ preairfdh 1^^ :; .,^-^^^ ° 
 
 The p^ftors of the RomiOi chttrch, fa cilll^ In ntddi^ 
 Jantv^hen and yelt' the Chriftian thurch^ itd^ knowing 
 'that the Chrtftian priedho^ vra» to be . ti^insferred, and 
 the covenant of the ne^ la^ tcr b^ fncceeded By toother 
 covenant, ofwhicHthe pophetd anld spoftlds knew no-, 
 thing, vkry iiatutaliy obnciiided tjiat thefci n*w prbpiiet* 
 v6^cre the unen dteibcd by Jefus Ghrift, ixrhen ii^d 
 faid : '* beware of falfe pisojirtidts, who. conte tci ycm in 
 fceep^s clothing, biit within they are raveningi ^bht^^'* 
 
 .v'-i 
 
 r 
 
 viij 15. They thtoiight their t^th and ckwd 
 incdniQtibn, a^d thevt Whining did not^evoti in ibiin^ ; 
 i'efefnbli^ the bleating of th^_,flieep. :eIib that as it wiil« 
 tke prophetSj whether p^fecUted by «toe Jewifh c:hiiit|r 
 Or ii0t, ||ipr preftiined to reforih t^e faith, the rites 6t 
 cirenionies of that chilrch ; they , never relinquiflied " 
 thjb commiinton of that churcbi Rdwever icvercly tljcy . 
 tenfunid the conduit of the [)riefts, they communica'i 
 ted with tHem in thd tample, aind in their fynagogue«^ ' 
 aSifted at thpir facrifices and other rites and ceremo. 
 nidSi In whar* did ^thefe, new prophets refemHe 
 tbftmf And Ghrlft hitfifelf though rejected by them 
 is WM foretold^^ did not reiinquiflt ,the coni)|iuniqn ^ 
 of the Jewiik church, until, by the iniquitous &nr 
 i\{ h j | | n >| l >^ ti i ii( d h iiii ii> <!( iiHi, ii ( 1 iifiil tn liCi ' 
 a thu^h". * nc Gontinufd to honour the prieilhood. 
 
 until the Tci^ inftant of its final ceffation : when the 
 Council w^^&inbled iA which it was dei£rm|fip4tha^ 
 
 ■■ ' '^ V - ■ • G-g ' • -■ 'v^ W^ 
 
 iK%, 
 
 A 
 

 . €hri(l (houM die, Joha ±i. 49 : one of them, ©aiphji^, 
 b;in^ the high prieft of th«t year, <^id unto the^ K 
 
 , llyou Jfenoiv nothing^lt all, nor <k) you confider that it is 
 fcxptidlentlblr usthatjonc man filouddic for tjbc people,' 
 atii<i that the wholfeBation (Soutd not periih :** thJ^^oh- ^ 
 fifjues the Eranjgelift, "he did not % fro^jn bimfclf, but 
 
 . . ^MJg'high.prieft of tte yeax 4e propheficd thal-Jefus 
 
 ' i€bou2d<ii<; for that iiat1bn» arid not for that nation only, 
 but that aHo he fhouid lQoHe(a b pnc the thildfen of 
 Cod, who were. difpcrfed>broad.^^f iChrift hinifclf 
 though iiient on the heavy ac<fufations brought againft 
 himv y^t'nlitJliai adjured by the high prie|l to dcdafe if 
 fe^ were the Meffias, obfervirig thaat leffon which he 
 himfclf had taught; to rcfpect the chair of Mofes, he 
 
 . admitted it. Let any man contraft; ttic nicekncftof 
 Chriftarid his apofties with the unmatiageabte impetu- 
 ofityof thcfe. new- modelled prophets ; the modefty of 
 the replies of thSfoiyhcr to tftfe miniftcrs of the Jewifli 
 church, with that torrent of fcumlotis abufey which the 
 latter havepourcd out on the^tniniftcrs of the Chriftian 
 chufch, and which this caftigator, in imitation of his 
 anceftora', continues to bcftovlr on their fucccffors, and 
 be muft be either unaccountably ftupidi oribitiperabFjr 
 obftinhte, if he docs not conchide, that thefe pretended 
 prophets h?ive nothing in comnaon Ivith Chrift or his 
 jipoftles. *i'; f -.b.jy:: / "^ -^^ ■:'' ^ -^;? i- t'-'^av"/ 
 \ Having^thus, as he imagines, fiipprcffed every ckhn 
 to Jnlallibility in doctrine in the Jcw'ifli chuichi and 
 
 , Ihew^n Jhat|tbe God of Truth and Sandity hud for io 
 i&any ,agcs on earth, either no churcli at all, or a church 
 vrhich taughterror and authorifcd Vice, the caftigator, 
 whofe imagination is fruitful in wild conjediurcs and ri- 
 dicub^ lubtetfu^s, pretends td difcufs the writer's 
 proofs of the infallibility 6f the Jlomifh Church Mhey are 
 
 Romifti Church, is the ChurchW Chrift to which the 
 promifes were rnadc. "^ True, artd he sow tells thecafti^ 
 gator that the promifes were madxi to fomc church ; 
 
? 
 
 J' ' 
 
 2p, 
 
 it it,bc ti<^t to the clitirch cffRome, or, to fpeak rtiorocotw 
 redlff ;4;#rche chureh inr communion with the ^oe^ 
 Rome, thi3 caftigatot no doubt, 01:, his fpirit of diviha^ 
 
 "li^j, ^^ fome other f*rr^ia| fpirit of the (ame fpecies, 
 will affign/%;chHrtb t©' w^^^ |)i^oinifcsr Were 
 
 ^ made, at^lh^«^ iil ti|l&.^^^nd^t than tl^fc ¥ tlic 
 Qhjjrch of Romf ; until tliii happens the writer ihuft 
 perfiAi^ Kis faelief, that the church it^ communion wi^h 
 the Si^ ofii'ome, id tt<| chureh of Chrift to which the 
 
 proHiiies. were -made..' •-■*-' ^'--^^'^ •" '\i'-^^''.''^.'-'~'^''J^''*- 
 lA the next page the cgftigator cites from the /Writer's 
 Retnarka, thi§ paffagc of .t^iah ii. 3>. *^; he will t«;ach us 
 his wa^m and we wm^ his paths V* and alio thcle 
 
 words of the wrilfef^: ♦* God, whether he teaches by 
 lurnfelf, ^1^ ^en viiibl^i, on earth, or by his roinifters, 
 as i|«cc J^s afGen(ioi4 tcisicties no. errdrl at alK*^ jThif 
 truth Ii^'l^ the coiidefceBfi6n to. admit, but finds i 
 iancledevaflon in a refleaion wMth c»^'&rves to con- 
 firm the tm^:'* i^" iays hei *^^l*bfc words prove irt- 
 i.illib9fty iMi<an< ttjbeyteadvas tfiutjh freedcrtn from error in 
 obedience aaii* doclrin«,T* whlfihf !ii>lrtie : for the ihurch 
 k not lels faithful hv4ic» obedient to 'j^« thrift than 
 in teaching hi^ dpclrine^^ If the^^lk! uhToufid members 
 whO;difobcy J«!^us Chrifti it is bieiul^ the^; difol>cjf hi? 
 church, Avhich ftrictly enjoins and itieiffantiy teai6h<is her 
 children toobfcrve his laW; tf it be ilkedi'is^f ft^qtiently 
 is, why did not Chrift exclude vice fVom[-!iii?ifKurch, as 
 well as crfJijr ? The r^ly isfiflaple t^e^mwK confine 
 ourfclycs til^ what ho has deigned to proniife, iiot/diftort 
 his: words nor extend therii btfybnd-tfcieir limits. ' To a 
 
 why Chrift has not done this, or that, betray^ dtlier' ig- 
 [^ Borate or impudence ov both,, in all' his wordtatid ac- 
 tions ^e was diredcd by his wifdom, : he ' hire projjif fcd' 
 to be with the payors of his churchy teaching and bap. 
 
 that the God of truth teaches fiffehpod ; hte has ntjt pflf^ ^ 
 nnied to einjtude vice or impcrfeaioti^ 'im^ the'ctoiitm'^ 
 he has told us that the tares would be inteftnlacd with 
 
 , • the 
 
 .*^«- 
 
 ^i 
 
 h 
 
 J.J 
 
;yTiir,-7'. 
 
 "■ \ 
 
 ( '•■ 
 
 ^> 
 
 «J4 
 
 ,Ae vrh^t, «t.til the barveft, that is, th»t the cWMren „f 
 .. g^.»l<"*\lwigdam.of tfcaj»„ « like a set iaft intri 
 
 tofioodof Gi,:.ft'.«i.«dom i» rti^woiw. for i„th, 
 
 he,««MhOT ,re none l»il ;to be thrb4 but. The^rft 
 geapfthe fhurch and it, indifpcnjiffe duty. j. i" 
 
 l^;^"'f 'l*^'"'.^^"''! '* *° l»^*^ the fain.,, by 
 
 WV^>i '"^^°"?"'»l»' 5«' Pi»l callifor tj^replac. ' 
 
 ,?bri^. Qf vh,*^lhU*le« ,r9 me«h,r.. \^ >f "; 
 ■ iim'S.'^" <''btcr£Mge h* add* a ftnWng. Ua^e of 
 ■^ r"^ ^?H'e^*°«^ of tbeart of reafoning. c^Awhich^wt 
 lL*^'„i^^ • "/?'' 'Pfewew a/trady. /infalUbility 
 
 no. ^fal),b|lear4 all the people whp ar^^to fa. taught 
 
 ^•'" «o„^f f<»;»f»*"«- ^f h« had B« difcardcd com. • 
 
 S«,hrl T,"^ co»,>.cii,„ he Would haveicnown 
 
 «.»t tbf alTentiof the mp^ Jlli,«a,e pcaiin, ,o.n infalli. 
 
 •j^!/.'^^.-'!^?^'- ■ ^'"^"""ring certain ty of .ny H^. 
 tortJ^"^V!r J^ connei^on with ,„ inWliblenu,,ivi 
 Thlrfn '! ^^ ''L^ 1"" ««»ch«r. o^ tl« diftip!.: 
 T''"'"ff^f>-,«MJ!i*ipf th« fcli<i.l*boy to thi. 
 
 j propoiition, 
 
 .i^M^^ij. 
 
 .4,'t 
 
nt 
 
 jfilppofkion, *^ the three ingtes of an^r right lined trian^W 
 iitcicqual to tWo right ingles," is ais inialliblc, as that of 
 a Newton or 9 Dc(cartea, though neither the teacher^ 
 nor thi^ciiool boy, have a^y^rctcijifions to infallibility, 
 bccauwihc truth of « his propbfidon refts on mathema- 
 deal demonihration, ^ motive which founds an infallible 
 affent. ttMig agaid, the afient of the mqft 'itliterat« 
 ptsaf^pt in Nova-Scotia to this propofition s *** Londba 
 is the chief city of Enghind," is as infallibly certain;, af 
 that of the moft jiireiiigent man in the Province : why 
 4£)t Becauie this ^ruth refts ftd^ a motive as v^felHWyL 
 
 ^^fu4 asniathemaiiieal demonArationv that is, the tefti^ 
 mony of man unrver£il and uncontradicted, in Hfee nian^ 
 ncr <he affent df /the ttiQft ignorapt <:atholic to this ca- 
 tholic truth, " Chria is true Ood and true man," 
 ia Ills infalliblcastha^ of tide npoft learned divine; why fo? 
 Beo^ufe this truth refts on the teftimony of God , who can- 
 not deceive. An cmbarra^n^ qucftion prcfente itfelf, to . 
 vf hich the man Who recedes from the unfty of the church, 
 and difclaims her infallible authority as a Wltncfsican ^ 
 make ho reply : " How is k kaown that God attefts 
 this catholic truth V^ This qucftion Chews the eflentiai 
 difference between the unerrinf|^ith of the catholic, 
 V14 th^ uncertain opinion; of tl^^|gtiTy : the inftalit a 
 fMn recedes froiki the unity of thie church, he caH 
 d^pt^^l^m Iter teftimony to ittthprife his. faith, 
 ^^e lith authotiied by her teftimony he lubftitutes an ' 
 ppinjlon.authqrifcd by no other teftimony bijit his own, 
 whi#i is ihanifeftly, and even confcflcdly, fallible as he 
 it himfelf : (o vain he pretends to find his new opinion 
 in the fcriptures : he is told that the fcriptures, tpgcthcr 
 with the fenfc in which they are undcrftood, weredepofi- 
 tcd by the infpired writers Iry the l^nds of that fhurch^ 
 which he diCclaims ; that thcfc fcriptures were commit 
 
 they cntrutted the flock, and tranfmittcd byjright of iii»r 
 heritance to dieir Uwful fucceCors in office i he is toks^ 
 moreover^ tliat jn thefe fin'iptures others, not inferior tti 
 ^ him 
 
 th- 
 
 i 
 
v^^ 
 
 ^ ■ 
 
 l^iapotnt of fc^^^ find,/)r pretewiao find, an op^ 
 Hioii direftly oppofite to his j that his ,te{iamoVy# ill %«* 
 port of his own opinroais noA c^greatei^jwrdight than tha - 
 teftitttbny of others equally inteliigciat; irfjippof igibf the 
 <jrtntradidorx': Thus; for in1l^cfe>^ IferHt&foupcnn thh. 
 fcriptures that Chrift was true Man, bi^imt true <j^od$' 
 iHutythes found in tliiJi , iknic fcriptyijls that iGhrifti/^i^." 
 true God, but nottrue^aa ; Neftp^jfouhd that tliecev 
 were two Chri^*ojneitFufe*aod, and ehe^iber true Man. 
 Tht^fe opinions ^ew e9uall3r-falfe, ^tidcqmily authorifed ;.' 
 for tlie teftinxpny erf Ariusi in fiipport ofehis dlfcil opfci^. 
 rmwa&ofasgreat wcighjtas^that of. Efttyches in ftip. I 
 porKtif the oppofitev or t Wiof Ncftorius. in^ oppofiti^ ' 
 to both. To defecnd l;p . our? oltev tinaes ; Che opppfuc 
 opinions of Arroinius ^and Gojmar,. which, divided th 
 
 i:e 
 
 proteftan^ churclics and fchfpi^ in Hoilahd.. and fet^^hat 
 coutitry in a ILi^ie, were equajiy authorifed. Gomar, a^ 
 . rigid Calvinift intagitied he found. in:.thc'fcriptuces,,whatf 
 ;. he really, found -ia Calvin's Inftitution, >• that Adam; 
 could not avdid his fa!l,-and yet . that he was not! the. 
 kfs Criminal bccaafc he fell voluntarily.'^ This doarine, 
 which flbfccs-Godmore hatefuV than' the ,Deyil,!^Gal via 
 deduced from two-; fuppofed principles, equally *^ falf? t 
 the'firft : that ^d impofcs on all things, iindeven.'on, 
 #ter wilt, an irrcliftible neceffity ; ftb this Jit: adds a'ftirr 
 eiwdi that tliis necelfity does no^excufe^frorn.iin^---LW' 
 .; de acer.- dei pric. ( ' ^rminia*, ac bcijevfiicot man, whci. • 
 Lad nothing, of thit phlegmatic mairgulty, which cha- 
 Mc1«tifed'Calvm.an^his diici^lft Ooma^^ in his compo^ 
 Mm^ aiarBried at.thifc ioriribk dodrihe, which proposes 
 m ourH)ciief;" at Ood^ who creates a man wjik^iit l^s 
 e^ncuf^encc orcpnfcni:,mal«cahim^\l^ickcdby his Irrefifti* 
 Wt wUl^and.dam'ri* him for criaics, which, h^^ could 
 -Kotavwd^'in oppohtiun to Gomar, foui^d- thn i^ God . 
 thtrrg ifi a gffircra l wi l l r o f wnl l men, and in JgfOj Ghfiil - 
 *;ifintord;iftteation;. tj> PcOociii them, atfH Waarfufhci. 
 .^sjiiijlYbitcd t » I, idk tir 'liii^e 4iUit Ijf a re lau ilif hfc^i t he -fcri p - 
 rtir;%,.i^t;iVrm4^« ,i»i<t*d^^^^^ huittan.natur(r was not- 
 
 ' . • • corrupted 
 
 '.ifs.,"*..— ,*^s 
 
 .^, •♦ 
 
ffr 
 
 \' >■- 
 
 A* 
 
 tortipted' by .finv'^aiiii thafetiupcrnatUrld affiftartce waj^^ 
 Hot «eceflary for th^ cxcrcifc nof VirttiCi Hence Gov? 
 imr*s horrible j^aradox^ and Arminiuis*s benevolent. f^pU 
 moh, though both faWe^ ai^ cqualiy, 2m^\i4d ; foit^" 
 the teftknony of i Gomary bt^ ;pf his maft^^. Gal viiH, im 
 Support of his opifjipn-jm'niDt of greater Weight, |han thft « ■ 
 .teftitnony of Artmnius ib defence of his owii. It k, ' 
 therefore tinqueftionabl|^ truc:t»f >aU fc^arie|i 4bat their >•; ^ 
 opinions are all eqiiaHy^ uncertain, and K^orifequentJ^tf I , 
 that divin^aith, whiGh is a'n infalUfbleaflbnt to infallibly '••*' 
 ^rtith, is tto*^ to be found but in that one church foandw v ^ 
 ^ by ihc apofthjs, abd governed by their fucceiTors^ '' 
 The calhoHo believes the truths of religion whic^ - 
 tranlbend Jlis tcafon on the infallible, teftimony of God»i . 
 whacwc caH divine revelation ; that God has, revealed 
 thefe trlithsiie believes ;pn the unerring teltimony.qi, 
 Othefe paftors, iv^Kwn C^rill fcnt to^ teach,nhe(e truthij/ 
 which teilimony is yet <:cmtinue<l in their^ fucceffors^ 
 Againtt the Athelft and the Deift the Catholic fliews that<. 
 the teftimoBy of rtiany, wit^effcs neither deceived, noci 
 dqpeivers.attefting a fe6i, is of unerring certainty ; tha^* 
 the certainty irf this teftiaVony cotninued' in fucceeding 
 generations without interruptton or tntcrmiffion is in4 
 variably 1 the feme. : Though the imprcffion on th^ 
 lenfes 0^ thenVM»cfles nriay be ftrongert the conviclioi om 
 ^the undcrftandmg is not dimiijifliiEd by tijjie, >yc areas., 
 lirmly convinced this dAyth^. Caspar %as tnur^fircd iil^ 
 Uwj-'Scnate, a« the men ^'Ko ra.w'theJ3t»dy in the ftreej^ 
 of KoibcflyjiiC horror of ihit-atrocim** afk^-cfc 
 fiecl: ^nlltq laahncr weowae wetl^Hured tniat 
 died on tlie c^pfs, ro/e frt^S^^the ^e Jyarid afc qaj^ issto 
 Heaven, as the diftiples, ^jio ^3p^ 1^1" " na^MR.tl^. 
 f.rofs, converfcd wiilr him ajfierMiiM refurrelHj^^ an4 
 law him afccnd on the-mountaip. lihe imprcfi^s rnicle - .-%% 
 m ihefenfen ni ilie diilipks Uy thefe aQccUng fceutt, 
 wc may rcpccfcnt toourfqlvw, but cin not feel : the coy- ^ 
 ViOion, howevei^n our undcribndinpj^is noi^pd Iff* 
 
 irrefiilible* From this lefltmony, indifpenfabiy B^uff^ti 
 
 - ry 
 
i . , 
 
 'i.'- \ 
 
 V ■ ■ ■' 
 
 
 ry to afctftain tbeli fa&, the ioftftaateBr; iM iil.^d 
 man. who rfecedes ^r6m the Bmity of the'churcih£<»>. a^v 
 
 cffonetr 
 aiqt 
 
 *uf*ates bimfdf**vi precluded. 
 ji^ns htr iaStimonf in faplport 
 ^ote clanbiit irt ftipp<Jri of 
 ^^Mo^> that lie tart fcave 
 . .^ .^ any rtnei|j^efa great truths^^^^^ 
 hichllft ttrto^ bttt by t<!lf lilopy j iach arethe Grud- 
 the jlcflRlrrjill^^ Afcenaon of Jefus Chriil, 
 i#^f ^^p^fftoft Oft the>p(oftk«, ] &c. iot 
 ,-^,. irtjfriW^^liPlMJj^^ not :Mji'oWa.:.|>y ifietapKyflcal 
 ■ JVfa(^il^t)^y^^^ ft^m thi# 
 
 tcftiaiony hie is pfrsclttded j and in the range «# imagins^- 
 tion ^e^^i^rtiiot finda^ul^Htute? h1s apjjraj Ipfe fcrip, 
 . tures aiw0s both ignorance and oWUnac^, and iijifteati 
 .cjf an e^ipitfri he finds in it his condernnafrovr^ For ths^t 
 the fcfipWes were Written iby Huthor^divirtely ik*fp!red, 
 and depfo||ei in the hanti of ttie firft paftofrs of the 
 <church, is|tfelf afaa, whith cannot l>e Ifrtowo Mt ^ 
 ttie teftim'^y of the church ; by bis appeal cberefoi* to 
 the fcripturls, he claihw thii Very teftlmony^ which he ' 
 •difdaim$, contradii^ft, and condenuis himfelf. Hsnce St. 
 Paul lays tha« thefedary is felf cowdemried, " auidttHtakri- 
 »/,**-^ri. iii. It. What, thlercfbre, he calls hts.faith, 
 vfenotth'at Divine faith wkicb it /t$fit J^riag.'^Kom* Jc/ 
 »n(i m^bnt "^^^th it iiimpojfibli t0 filea/i xi, , ' 
 
 6, bi|t a mcer hmnan opinion, whitfh he hai himfelf 
 Imagined, or takert oh trull from fontc crther vifbnary, 
 •orimpoftor, who whilft he decciv'es otheri^Ji M^trflf 
 
 m 
 
 i|io(lct\i 
 Mfptur 
 
 they 
 writer'* 
 
 deceived by th^ great imp^ofkir, whom the/ 
 " aticaltf owii! thg father if Uiif^i^ 
 
 hUdifli tiie (^ i l^miiifpaStf. #hdf?eac!i. 
 rcgacion of rooks this oaiftig^tin^ paftor, 
 gtwe ea% deluded tftait the TDokf rl^ 
 
 by (uch nonfsnfe, tranferibes from the 
 thcfe words of iraiah%fijl,therc fliall 
 
 €€&)#« R^ecoM): to Sioa and to thoTe 
 
i 
 
 -.1 tt 
 
 ini^ltyin jacol3'*^(bc Jlemarks, jJ. i i6.. To this lic^e^ 
 plies : '• l>efc words of Ifaiah.refpea: only the f eftoration 
 pf the >ws,fo th# though they acliiaily taught infalli- 
 bility,the Church of Rome could h^ye no claim tO it; bu^ 
 did they even ,cxtenc| tQ the Gentile Chiitch it is not of 
 ihat kind forwliicKjthe.R. comend?*: i.t is f^imetbin^ ia 
 which the \irh(j!b Church is equaHy interefted.''---p-^ i6.<u 
 What a jumbie of unn^aning founds he huddles together! 
 The co<^?nant of the Redeemer pnly I?cfpe£i8ll|e reft pfa^' 
 tion of the jews i The Rpmifti Cbjirth his no claim tq 
 
 the inyUbility^prP»"i^4)»yJ:^^i'''0P^ though it, may r 
 extend to the •G£nlile Cburib /The World had heard of 
 a Chriftian church, compofed of Jews.and ben tiles; bu| 
 a Gentili chtJrch, that is a church, w^qli does npt kndw^ > 
 the true God, is i church of. the callig|ator*f itiyeptioni. 
 This promifc the ^aftigatbr thinks conSied to & jewii^ ' 
 churchisit niay extend to the Geniile churchy \z is (bmc-, 
 thifag in which the whole cljurch is intereftq^Ji But if 
 
 .^he ^hola chyrch be^ intcrefted .in it,^ why exclude th| 
 
 ' Romiih church from her (hare ? Is it bkauf^ it is neith^^; 
 a Jcwilh chuclxb rior a Heathcti <:hurch ? Hitherto the un- 
 taught world tKojught the coveivaiit of the Redeerticr Was 
 made with the r^empd ; the covenant ,o^ Chrift With 
 the Chriftian church ;, this Edinburgh caftigator has un- ' 
 deceived us* The col^eriant of the Redeemer, he fays^ 
 refpeda only the reftoration e| the Jews, it may perhaps 
 extend to; the Heithcns, ihjC Chrillianx church he ex-. 
 eludes.* for it is neither a J&idety of Jews,bor of HJeath- 
 ens, it iV that very Romiji diiirch, which excite? his 
 indignation.. That the whtiie church is intcrefted in the 
 prbmife is ftridly trdc ; and ferves ti;) confirm this Ca. 
 Iholic truth| that tb the end of timer errors- in dodrinc 
 /^fe by* th|$ V"*^^ ^^^^ as- the whole 
 
 church is equaiiy intcrefted in the. promifc, the, faithful 
 - are not Icta iriterelfed than their paftorsand tCKher s ,^ 
 by Mr mintftry the faints are perfedcd, — ^Epb> iv. It is 
 
 If not-by falie doS^rinc the faiiUs are perfected, it is, there- . 
 
 l fore the .moft important' intcf-eft of the -faithful Ipbcar^. 
 . • Hh . / found 
 
 
 •#, 
 
 ^tM\ 
 

 - '^:v 
 
 •B«F 
 
 W '♦■■1^ 
 
 H 
 
 (bund do<?h-in6 frbm thfcir paftbrs and teaclicrs *, \\ 
 then contrary to the promlle. the fpirit of God be with- 
 drawn frorii the' paftots, and the word of God ceafe t6 
 be in their mouths, the people cahnot be perfecled by 
 th^ir miniftr}', the edifying of the body of chritt is in- 
 terrupted, the promife is broken, the covenant is an^ 
 nulled, and the Chriftian religioh ah illufioh; 
 ; The promife of Ghrift to fend the Holy Choft to the 
 apoftles, to teach them all tri^th and remain itiih theni for 
 tver, the caftigator cbhfinefS to the apoftli&$ themfelves : 
 for ever^ if wc believe hfm, lignifies untnterrupted tontl* 
 nuance^ not ptrpetuity of dutatkn \ other men, as intelli- 
 gent as our caftigator, think the term fd^ e-dtr ftri(5tly 
 expreffive of both <^/2/«/ffrrw;)fez/ contjnaance znd perpetual 
 T-^^ration.znd the common fenfe of mankind, authorifes 
 V weir opinion in oppofition to his Fancifiil conjecture : if a 
 leafe b< made to a map for ever, his fon would not be dif- 
 pnfTefled, under pretcnc6 thaty&r ever in the contrad im- 
 plies no mo'rc th^jn uninterrupted continuance y during the 
 Icffee's life. The man, who would advance fuch a plea in i 
 coyrt of law, would be difmiffed as a knave, or defpifed 
 as a fool J ^at farther in the promife of the Saviour 
 Jrnplies br)CTi uninterrupted continuance and perpetual 
 duration, is a truth, which Impofture may contcfi, and 
 pcrtihacity refift, but yirhich reafon unprejudiced is fore* 
 ed to admit j for the Vigilahce Qi Ghrift, the great ihcp- 
 herd, as 8t^ Paul calls him meghs pomin^ wfco Watches 
 inccffahtly over his floo^, is not dUninifhed by time : \\t 
 his God inlmutable ini his nature j hi$ vigilance is not 
 lefs neceflarv now, thip it way in" the apoftlc*s days; 
 nor is the amftance of the H^ Ghoft left wanted for 
 the cpn^u^' of his flock : that he conti n^g| to give, and 
 will continue to give, payors and teachi^Rio perfed the 
 faints, his eledi uhtU the^onfummatioi* of time^ St. 
 
 itu tfte 
 
 ft» without^ -a«y-ambiguity,-r-EpbT-4 ^ yr Ti 
 
 apoftle's words are fo clearly cxprefli 
 Bttity of impofture cannot diftort th,em 
 fenfe* 
 
 that the inge- 
 m tht ihte|d- 
 
 ' Thit 
 
 ii-'-.tiitl^tfAl^' ^M^. ... 
 
H tiutlhc apoftfes did the^plSblvcs receive the holy Gboft, 
 ihc cafiigator admits, bec|^fe jhcy wrought miracles^ 
 it th^fe poly, who wrought awraicJc*, received thchol^ 
 CI ho?, the €:le^ ^re few indeed ; this caftigator inadver^ 
 gently ^idudes himfelf and all his reforming aiiCcfto^- 
 jfrom the hiunher. Catholics tell l^im that this promift 
 d^i not include the gift of miracle?'^;^^ i8|0iiifine(^.tQ.tJ>^ 
 |i/^ tfte^ihir^g all tU truth, which Chrift had taught 
 them, the ofl^cial duty of the paftors of ♦Chr-iftV church 
 how, as it wan than, a gift of uninterru-^cd co ntintiance 
 ^nd perpetual duration, that is /^r ^j^4T, as. Ghnfthimfcll 
 ejjprcffcid it, for this fimple rea^n, that it Is at aft 
 ^imes itidifpcftfibly ncceflary, and ifatany time it.ceafedi 
 Chrift. would at that time ceafe tofwatch oyer his, flocle, 
 SiXK^ annul his covenant, which is yafph^my toaffert.- 
 
 &% P^ul, in his firft cpiftle to,ithe Corinthians', XU, 
 comi^res. the thurch of Chriil to t^hiiman bo^y ; the 
 compoa^njt mcn>|?ersg[thism^ftical ^nd moral fcdcljs the 
 chufcb, arc (jorrefponOTnt to the con^pQn.en|t parts of the 
 natural body, o£\whjch ^^SS^^s its ipppppriate fundlioit, 
 to which its natural poweSat«>dc4uate and exclufively 
 confined, thus each me|fnber contributjes to ihe'fynnractry 
 and perfeciiqnr of t^he whole y io like, manner, if whlf 
 poftle has not deceived us, in the church every mi^^lffi 
 compoling'that myftical body has its apprVpriaje plac^, 
 determined by that one rpirit,.wlilich animates t lie 
 who'e, and receivc^^^^. that fame spirit gifts appro- 
 priate, and adequaffl^TO tunciions, 4. " There are d(- 
 
 v^rfities of gifts bi^t fhe fame /p.v'it, .if the 
 
 foot ftiall (ay, becaufe I am not the haiid 1 am hot df 
 
 the body, is it, therefore, not of the body ? 
 
 But now hath God fet the n^.embers eyery one of them, 
 in the body, as it hath plaafed him . .1 . .> ►". . i8, and 
 thefe^thercforie, God has placed in the church| firft a- 
 poftlcs^fccondly prophets, thirdly teachers , . » . . , . are 
 
 "^^tfTapiHMT^TjWpopEets^^ 
 L^jpft of teaching is manifeftiy appropriat^gg^e function 
 
 vM^heofdioary. teacher j the gift of tnipgjb, is appro. 
 
 :^4^-^-'. 
 

 M: 
 
 
 2i$o 
 
 pm'tl fe the fuii^£liorf of the extraordinary teacher, • 
 bccauTe it 13 accclTary that he fhould authenticate his 
 immediate miffion from God : by this exercife of his al- 
 ^inighty power, Gbd attefts thd miflion of thefe, whom 
 ic iinmediatcly fends to teach in his name — -the apoftles 
 were pofleflcd oi botfi th^fe gifts ; of |he gift of teaching 
 in virtiie of tiic"^proniifc, John xvi, 1 3, ** When he, the 
 '* irit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth,*' 
 id*illy;,;<a6, *♦. But :>he' comforter, 'the Holy Ghoft, 
 Whom the father S^ifl ''fend in my name, he will teach 
 "j^Ou all thingSj. aiid remind, you of all thingis, which 
 f Kave fild to you," and of the gift of miracles to 
 "iuthenticatc thelt itiiflton in virtue of the powei* 
 "t^efted in them by J^fiis CWft, when he fent them 
 to p^ach.-T-Matt. i, i. "^And having called his 
 twelve' (hfciples to -hiifn, he gave t^hem power over un- 
 cldtai fpirits toxraft them o^t, and to heal cyery ficknefs 
 and every cflmfe** . vi^^v'wfe ttirelvc Jpjfus fem and 
 commanded them . . v» • • '^w' y'^%^> preach, faying, 
 ihe kingdom of h^#h is n^e^k heal'*' the fick, cleanfe 
 'SpJ'-lq^ei^s, raifc the dead, caft 6#^|emons . . .T. . thea- 
 poO:les' thereforl^wefe poffeflfed of tiyigiit of miracles 
 feg before; the Jiviour prbmifed to f^P't^ Holy Ghoft 
 tciteaci them all truth, and reihain with them for ever, 
 thefe .gifts, fo different in themfelvcs, ajpd appropriate to 
 fu^,3^Jfferbnt fnnilions, this caftigator igiior^riitry^ con- 
 ipirads. The g^t^jmifacles neceffary to axithchticate the 
 miflfbn c^I|^4pdftles and approp'riate to that i'poftolical 
 |uncVion, hfe* tequires in their fucccffors, whofe niiflion is 
 un^ueftionable, and to wh'ofe func^ioif^the gift; of teach- 
 ings* pt^rfedly adequate and appropriate; • ' ' 
 • From the apoftle's doctrine, ift Cor. ^ii, conclxifions 
 ^^ deduced, which this Edinburgh caftigator may find 
 difiiciilt to conteft, and ruinous to admit ; if it be trtie, 
 as'theapnfllefays^-ihat Qod places trvery member in the 
 l)qdy as it pleafes hinfifelf, and diftributcS to each mem- 
 ber gifts approprLite to its determined jjhce, aithe pow- 
 ers of each utim'.}.,'r oi the human body arc appropriate 
 
 ™^; ■ ., ■ ' ' ; ■ ^ - to 
 
 ■& 
 
 . / 
 
 lt> 
 
 *'\' ■ 
 
■^'l^ais^": 
 
 t$i 
 
 "(i. 
 
 to Its funf^fon, on * what principle docs tW cafiigatop , 
 pretend that the giftof teaching, one of thefe exppefsly 
 hoted by the apoftle, is appropriate to the place afligned 
 to him ? If God gives teacher^ to his church, as the 
 apoftle repeatedly inculcates, it Onu^ -be either in th^ 
 ordinary manner, by uninterrupted fucceffion from th« 
 apoftles, or, in a» extraordinary manner, by iminediate 
 appointment : between thefe extremes imagination can 
 reach no mean. Is this caftigating paftor * teacher in 
 theordirfarymanner, by uninterrupted fucceflion from 
 the apoftles ? H not, the g^ift of teaching is no more ap"- 
 j)ropriate ^o his place in the body, than the pqwtt of 
 feeing is apprppriatc to the ear. Is he a teacher in ai^ 
 extraordinary itianner* by immediate appointrtient as the . 
 apoftles were -^^^ If fo the gift of miracles is appropriate 
 to hisplace, ai?das indifpenfibly ficct'ffary to authenticate 
 his jniHion, as it was to authenticate the miffion of the 
 apoftle^. Poes he poflfefs this gift ? If not, -he is not i 
 teacher giycn by God either in the ordinary way or by 
 an extraordinary appointment. And as the gift of ^ 
 teaching is exclufiycly appropriate and confined to thefe 
 teachers, whonfi God gives to his church, thisgif^ is not 
 appropriate to his place in the body at all. The aflumpti- 
 pn, therefore, of the office of teacher, without the gift 
 of tieaching, is produftive of the fame confufion in the 
 myftical bod^s if the ear ftiould affume the office of 
 theeye,!^^^^^^ the members of the human hoAy as 
 the apoiile WP^ne 5 " Tq^he impious man God fays 
 why doit thou announce my %tutes and take my cove- 
 nant in thy V^^^^^ ^ Tl*"" hateft difcipline, and doft 
 throw my words behind thee,'*— Ps. I. This may ferve 
 as aleflbn to coblers, 'who ought to mend flioes, jnflead 
 of cobbling the fouls of a deluded popuUee. »t * r ^W 
 In place of the gift of miracles appropriate to teachers 
 of im mediat e appointment, by which, this caftigator* s_ 
 anceltors ought, but did not, authenticate their miffion, 
 palwrs of the catholic church jiffign that proof, which 
 
 uncquivocaUy ihcws ^that the ^ft of teaclu«g is appro- 
 
 • :; '"i ^ -' r- ■ '.-;.',".>■'■■ O:.' ..^>\ /:,,.;,■;.,'■ . priate 
 
XVI 
 
 i^% 
 
 , 1 
 
 If 
 
 l^rfsrte ta th^ plke6 in the myftical bpvly of \|Nfus Chrilljj 
 as chtit IS the function afligncd to them, in, like mannei^ 
 is the powers ot the eye arc ajjj^priate to the organ 
 ^1 fight, hot to the ear, the organ t)f hearing, thefunftU 
 bfi of Vi'hicb being- different from that of theorg[ari oi 
 Jljj;ht, requires powers of a different :phara^er : to. th^ 
 ■ payors and teachers €hrift 4ait! : *' go teach all ftafeions 
 . 0, . . I am with you until the confummation of time," 
 ---Matt. u^t. 'Xiy them he hnd iaid, where two or three 
 are afleiTibled in my nanhe, there am \ in the midft of 
 ihem. — Matt, xviii, 20. Thefe teachers, and xhefe only,^ 
 kffemble ia thf name of Jefus Chrift, who arc vefted with 
 that power of teaching, which is derived from Ibfua 
 Chrift through his apof^les, as thefe nfiaijriftrates^ and 
 ihefe. only, affemble in the name of the Ring, who are 
 ycfted <yith the citil authority derived froin the Kings 
 ihfougH his imin^iat« officers j, btliersmay a^mble in 
 their owq name, but not in the fiameof the;King, thus 
 the paftois ofChritt's church affemble in the nanie of 
 Jelus Chrift, and he himfdf according to his jprotiiife 
 alfifts, all others aflemble in th^ir owiv name.- When 
 we hear of crowded afiemblies of (elf- appointed itinerant 
 prcactiers convened, as gregarious animals of the fame 
 Ipccics meet in the fieids*though. we^ay be tempted to 
 fMileat fiich an inftance of public folly, yet we are forc- 
 ed to foment the infatuation of our brethren, wfho are 
 V he deluded victims of the arrificcs of that fpirit of illufir 
 00, which preiidcs Over thefe aff-mblies. When we 
 open their evangelicalmagazines, thefe records of infant- 
 %■ our aitonifl>menf is inciealed ; we feel the dej 
 iiorr of human nature pf'chafch hiftury I«id n.ot 
 many inftances oj^ck a blind infatuation, or, to call 
 by a inore ap^opi iate hame, of fuch a degrading fatj&ity, 
 :we C9J*hrtardly think it poflible ; it is not to be ac- 
 'Pfentccl. for~on any principle of reafon ;' it indicates, 
 
 T*¥crc^rc,.a mj^ei^ro^us~excraIe of ERvine Ju{lTce,"wincB7 
 j)fd^rca{f>n> known to Sovereign Wifdom, effaces no; on- 
 ly tl*rf:§gUt of religion, but the ligUt of rcifon as far as 
 
 ., it Mjcoiinccle J wiib religion. - ' ^ ll'hefe 
 
rP»>^'-'T: 
 
 ^ ,'-^'6^'. 
 
 Vlff©'' 
 
 ^ 
 
 The(e artful efforts to dude the ftte^hc J)rt>ii)ifo» 
 of Chrift to his church, Which our Edinburgh caftlgatpr 
 has borrowed fi-bm his anceftqrSi have induced the wri- 
 'ter to explain them with mere prccifion than he had done 
 ifi his remarks on t)r. Stanfer, atid deduce conclufioiis, 
 which, however unpleafant to a groupe of feJf.conftitu- 
 ted teachers,^ are not the Icfs iqfallibl'y true. The next 
 fubterfugc defcrvcfs no notice : This writer had Jaid that 
 God dwells in hjs «;hurch as, in his temple authoriied by. 
 St. Paul, id Cor. vi^and cimciuded that his prefence cx- 
 Icludes ever^fliade of error, a» light Cxpels darknef8,and 
 as faith ellacfs infidelity. • To this thecaftigamr rcplie?, 
 that the apoftlc fpeak« of chr|ftians individually. Of what 
 elfc would the apoftle fpeak"^ Is the man's ignorance 4 
 grofs as to think 4:hat a cbllcaivc body has any exiftcnce 
 fcparate firom the individuals which compofc it I 
 If 0od dwells in his Ghutch it^uft be in the irtcil." 
 Viduals Who compofc it, and i^ he excludes error 
 it tnuft be from the ?hihds of individuals wHo with^ 
 lout his prefence- are fubjeft to it, not from a Being 
 which has no cxiiftence\but thar which rcafon b^ 
 iaow3 on it: ie is, therefore, tr1|e,6r St. Paul miftakes, 
 that God dwells in the individuals Who compofc his 
 Church,- thcfc he animates with his divine prefenfcc 
 as the JpiritVanimates the united- meniberd of the 
 body 5 not t^efe members, which afe by any accident 
 fcparasted from it. : la the fame p^ge^ iSS, paffirig in. 
 filence thatlrrefiftible mafs of evidence, colleaed/by this 
 writer frpm the inrpifcd writings iij defence of this truth,, 
 that errors are excluded from the Ghn^ch , qjF Chrift by 
 the vigilance of thatfiiprennc paftor, and the unremitting 
 attention of his divine fpirit; The caftigatpi-, fays it is not 
 neceflary ^ to exalnin^ them, beduft'thia writer, if Wi 
 believe him, fuppofcs the whole vifiblc church to be 
 
 '*i 
 
 ift*sH(ptnttf3 
 
 wiT&iiiadc; 
 
 and then draws the conclufion thatthefe wijl be prcferved 
 from the leaft (hade of error. This fubtcrfuge favout-i 
 more of impofturc than ignoraacc, defpilr «k)ne fuggefts 
 
 
 '■*'%■ 
 
S.$4 
 
 it. IF by Chrift's fpiiritual feed the cleft, be untterftood, 
 as it ittuft, the writer fuppofcs^nofuch thing, draws no 
 fuch conclufton : he knows that ori the threfliing floor the 
 wheat is mixed with the chaff j that in Peter's net the 
 good and bad fifli wera taken ; that the clean and unclean 
 animals w^rc m Noah's Ark j he kjnoWs that though 
 there are nnany within the pale of the church who are fvoc 
 pf the number of the cled,yct all the eiecl arc in it ; t|^at in 
 it the faints are|»^rf?fted by the miniftry of tbepaftt>rl^s|pd 
 teachersjhe knows" alfo thatto this vilible church, in which 
 the faints are perfei^ed, the promifes were made, an^<^^f* 
 this caftigator does not kno^Y it, his ignorance is botn 
 criminaf*and ine:|cu0b!e : for t&^ " promiles were made ^' 
 
 to fome church ji aiid an iirfrifible church compofed of 
 
 s4ncn, womeivandchildren^isa chimera, the ridoilous 
 
 invention of imbofture to miflead the unwar>^nd the 
 
 ignorant. Ahd as the promifts were made to this vifiblc 
 
 church he cdndiides tiiaf error* in faith aire excluded 
 
 from it, not from every ^di ^13 Ual, ivho may at any 
 
 time be in it ; an atmy isunotllhtj kft viSoHous trecaufo 
 
 vfo'irte "defef t and others arc kallcd. It is fo witti the 
 
 "church, fipme are oveJCjp^ttop^^ ^T ^^^^ ci^emy of man, 
 
 , olllers deCert and* rangtf jSpafplvcs under different 
 
 Kers, and^ume different nlfeeS ; biit the great body 
 ains cntt|e, impenetrably tx>, the Ihafts of the encmy^ 
 . unmoved, by the' artifices of* fmpdfture, and unlhaken 
 by the terrors , of perf^^icution^.' This wt^cr jKnt)ws that 
 in tji€ vifibie thiitch.ihVfaith*of J^cfvis Chriftii Iqund, 
 v^andjiisdcf^lrine" taught in' its puri^, though -foinc in;/ 
 v;^difriduals liaaiyi fall into *ep-(i(# ^ic^ her|fy j' becaulc' it 1^ 
 • ^ np2t by tii.c(gteduLcer»that^tHe. church teaches, but by 
 , '" her lawful .pailors in comnnunioni with th^ir head ; he . 
 knows Wo|n Si^« Jude V. t)^^^\ thcr<? arc 4urinurcr8^ com. 
 plainer^Vft^^crs, who fcfdr^t^ tficmfclv(^s.f &tl ht knows; . 
 ' jrnm %j<^ t}iat 4f" thefe tncp be ti^ ij the 'HfibI 
 
 O- 
 
 ciwirch V^s ;jiot. podibld iof thcmt^fgpaVatcf thmfclvca : 
 fwr tit) cMn cafi fcparatc ^iinftlj fpm a focietyi ' of which 
 : he i< not 4'iAcmhir j b» Vows frotn St. Ifaul, Ads* xx, 
 
 'VV 
 
 «#• 
 
 ■ I 111 J iiijMii'rM 1 1 ~ 
 
 V 
 
 J 3^ 
 
 "*'. 
 
 ^» 
 
^ 
 
 
 \- -'I 
 
 Jo t that of dhri(iians,for they W6rc Chriftiins to i^^hom 
 the apoftlc fpoke, fome arife, ^hd teach falfe doctrine to 
 draw difcfples after themfelvcs j finally, he knows from 
 cffurch hiitory that all ap<iftatc'» .and hcreflarchs from 
 Judas the traitor, and §irnon the magician, down to 
 yoltatre,t)iderot and d*Alembert, theapoftledof Athcifin, 
 and Weifliaupt, the patriarch of the I|luminati, have been 
 members of' the Church, from which thcjr feparatetf 
 thtftnfelveSy and by th^e a^ of feparation condemned 
 themfelves, Our caftigator, who i^ould embarrafe fruth 
 if nature had bleffed him with talent* equal to thit krdu* 
 bus taflt, or eveji corWfpandcrit to his ddflres, having af* 
 cribed to thir writer a falfe (uppdfition, which he did not 
 malae, and a cOnciufion equally falfe, which he did l^ot 
 draw, to refute this error of his owii invention, falfely af- 
 tribes to the Clhurches in Afia errors whic^ wwe not^r 
 taught in thetn ! the nian*s undcrft angling id fo^ irapifi' 
 vioustp truth,. (^ his native difpofittSii fo'l^ii,Snical to . 
 conviction, that' even by accident difcolourcd trtfth can* 
 4iot efcape his pen : from thie foetid exhalatbns df his 
 dkbrdcred brain, he draws fqme cloud to envelope it. If 
 >c1)clieve him, ^ro/*^rrorj WasctAUght in lihe Afiatic 
 churches, yet "Chrift acknowledged their rcfation to htm- 
 felf, p» 169. St. John fays, that Chrift did teppimand 
 ComeJ of fhe bilKops, or angels, as he calls thten, of the 8e- 
 0n Churches; but not dne of them ftrtr teactttng falfe 
 «ito£lrine. Fhis caftigutorcalumniatfl|iChrift himfelf, if 
 he fjTys tliat he accufc^t hefti-fei (hops (^teaching falfc doc- 
 trine; and hiecalummiiis the Biftojpsi^c pretends th.* 
 they tAught a doarlnejloH^hivhChrid^id not rcprimaritl 
 them. The Bifhop* of Pergaittos w.as «rc|&imanded, be- 
 cajilfe there wcre-amongft his people fotn^li^ucers, whom^ 
 ■''W^'ight either to ha vi^coiV4&tcd«f retrenched ff»fti 
 , Hl4cDtf»\pi)nitm,. but did not^^or It^^had he "^^outd ndt 
 h jive bee rt ri^ man.(j|gd \ fe> was Uvqr efo re cenfut^diFor 
 Vgl^'o^^duty, rip|ior- tcaehjng Wl< 
 
 
 a 
 
 e doftnne, oolE^ 
 ** rhou-|o!dciif*a 
 
 '^^ntrary Chrift apjlWipcd hi« faith 
 ^ly n«^5, aitd haft notdcritw my faitk^^RcV, ii.-f^.V 
 
 K 
 
 .;>■ 
 
 ■A 
 
 -ay 
 
 I1 
 
n 
 
 •, ^v'-^ 
 
 265. 
 
 ",. ■» 
 
 i TKe Bifhop of Thyatira was reprimanded alfo for per- 
 BOittingy (Or, to fpeak mole *corre£lly,' ft>r not preventing 
 the pretended prophetefs 1^ feduee fome of his people* 
 Does the caftigator think that this woman was one of the 
 Miniftcrs of the Church of Thyatira,or that fhc wasautho- 
 rifcd by theBifliop to teach falfc doftrine ^ He muft be ftu- 
 pid indeed, wHo believc,« it. It is not on a bifliop, who 
 teaches falfe dodrine, or authorises it, that Chrift himfelf 
 bcftows fuch encomiums : " I know thy works, and 
 thy charity, and thy faith, and fhy patience, and thy 
 works, and the laft rsmfi full than the firQ^" iii, 19. ^Yet 
 for a negle^ of duty he reprimanded him : " bccaufe,** 
 faid the Saviour, *' thou fuffereft that, woman. Jczabel, 
 who calls herfelf a prophetefs, to teach and fcduce my 
 fervants*', — iti, 20. It is therefore erue, tJvat a man may 
 be a.fervant of Jefus Chrid, and by the artifices of fome 
 iinpoftor may be feduced, and renounce him. 
 . The bifliop of Sardis was reprii^anded, not for teach- 
 irig or belicvijig error, nor even for any ncglecl of duty, 
 butforfome hidden fault, which deprived his works of all 
 merit : "Iknow thy Works," faid the Saviour, " becaufo 
 thou hail the name that thou livefl, and thou art dead 
 ... . r. I have not found thy works full' in, prefence of 
 God'* — iii, 1-3. In the fimplicity, -of them early tinies» 
 before the hemifphere of religion had been enlightened 
 by the lucubrations of the Germanic Prophet and his re- ' 
 forming alTociates, good works were thouglft as neccffary 
 to falv^tion as faith. Jphrift himfelf aj^ars to have been 
 of that, opioion, Of all thefe Btlhc^t whona he reprU 
 mandcd, and fome of them fevifrely, tim one wm accufed 
 of havinff falfificd, renounced* or ^gotten (lif tait^, or 
 of ao#K[ed whatever 'in: Ml : th^y warf 3M rcpn- 
 mande^T^ other reafons : the Btfhop of Ephcios hr a 
 diil^notibn in charityu-*' rliou haft kit thy Hrft love ;" 
 ii. 4. The bifliop of Pcigaiuus, fur a ut^l^Ci uiJuiy . Ik;~" 
 CSHife thojiiMft there ih^ttj, who lioW the dofftr^^c of 
 
 ipK reafofi : ** becaufe thou ruffercft t^ woman J4»a- 
 
 ■ ' ' .. iV- * •■ / » . * ' ' ' P*'» • 
 
 • .41, «, 
 
 tf 
 
 f I' 
 
 .*!■ 
 
r id ' ? ''" -^ > ** '^ 
 
 ■ - . ^ 
 beU" . .. . i,i, 20! The ^^ifliop of Sardls, for. fomrclaphal/ 
 
 but hidden offence, whjch deprived him of fanctifyiiig*' 
 
 graced the life of the Soul : . . .. . "thou haft a paobc that ' 
 
 thou liveft,- but thou art dead;** iii, i. THe bifliop of 
 
 Laodicea, hccauf(f he was hikewarin, becaufe his cha. 
 
 ruy, thouf»h not abfolutely dead, was on the point' of 
 
 beiHg exti^>gmlhed: *' bcapfe thou art lukewarm, and 
 
 neither cold nor hot'\ . . .,fil,. 15. 
 
 This indeYatigabletranfcriber iilis a page, within ex- 
 
 . trad from, the remarks on Dr. Staufer, in which the 
 writer had ftated* fonje of rfie prfifcrife* made. <?o th^i 
 church, atid from them Go.ncfuded tltftt jirif at; any time ; 
 grofs errors were taught by the paftots, ani^ believed by 
 the people, the gates of hell would prevail, and thepto- 
 iiiifes prove ineffdclual', thistruth'intultive andfextorting 
 the aljent, where prejudice docs not blind, nor intcreft de- 
 prave the miod, the cafti gator denies ; he thinks that the. 
 promifes to prcii^rve the church entire, do not extend to 
 the exclufiort of grofs errors^/o that, in his new modelled 
 »b1nion, Chrlft may be head of a church which teaches 
 feere^, idolatry, athcifiti or epicureifm t for if one grofs, 
 
 ' errfor'be taught in the church noreafon can be affigucct 
 why any dther may not : as aL| errors arc equally oppofite 
 tottuth r'thus, for inftance, it is noi lefs falie that a triangle 
 i^«(Smpofedof four fides andfoiir^bglcs,th^athatit iscom- 
 l)()fifd of frfiy fides and five hunch'ed- angles. His fcarcply 
 credible that a maj^i who calls himfelf a chriftian, would 
 pi^urfte to a(rei;t that Chrifi chjeSi pot teach his church by 
 the miniftry ofthe^Daftors, though he exprciSly.promifcd 
 it, or thay^t^lr^mniftr'y the God of Truth and Sanc- 
 tity woura teach fajfe dnftrine, licrcfy or idolatry— there 
 is foiT^ielhiTig fo ff|rribiy blafpljcfnbus in the rifTerlion; 
 th»t..j^ li itktoiBC «f diliaifs it : hewe^r, this opiiuan the 
 cafiligatfi;,^leAvemr8 to fappgrt, iuhi& tifual way, by a" 
 bold affertion, aiid one or two p-iffiges which ,!Cond«t«n 
 K. "it i^,"* lays he, '* repugnatii f the experience of 
 the^chui'ch*%»p.i7o :„that, in other words, it isrepttgi^ 
 
 ^ai«;totJiff eiptifeacf of. t^^^ t^ ^h^rlliibould 
 
 
 . i'.v 
 
 .} 
 
 ■^Jin' 
 
 • '>^i.' <* 
 

 
 t€9 
 
 / 
 
 o prdervc it ironi error : but it is not repugnant to th? 
 ei^ptrience of the church that Chrjft promifeck to- give 
 
 V |)a^orstito his church, and tcich.th^, faithful b/ their mi- 
 niftry ; ai\d it is repugnant to coihtrion fenfp that he 
 would tca,ch error by their miniftry, and repugnant to 
 
 • c9(ninQu decency to affert it. He does not fe^m to be 
 4 aw^rc of the tendency of the paffiiges, which he ad- 
 ^^ (iu^es, not to fuppo^t an opinion, the faUhood and ab- 
 
 fDrdify of which, he muft have felt, but to amufe reacfers 
 of ji certain defcriptipn for whpm he writes. "The 
 >Vpoft!e Paul informs us, that fpme in the Corinthian 
 Church denied the ' Rcfurre<^ion ; that Hymeneus and 
 Philetus erred in doftrine, and were believed by the peo- 
 pip'*— p. 17C». He calumniates the apbftlc ! For Paul 
 does not fay that they were believed by the people^ but, as^ he 
 l^inifelf cites it : ** that they over^hi ew the faith of fome." 
 But Paul does not inform lis that Hymeneus and Philetus 
 were the fol^ paflors of the church, n6r does he fay that 
 they were ps^ftors o^the church at all ; he does not tell 
 us that the few, whofe fartft was fubverte^ by thefe im- 
 poftors, eomppfed the Church of Corintl^, much le(s.the 
 Church of Chrift difperlcd in different nations, but he 
 gives us a piece pf information terrible in the extreijne to 
 this Edinburgh ca(ligator,Ti piece of information that muft 
 ^11 hisfpul wit^ angui^, if his averfion to pppery has 
 not fteeled his confcience againlt fear and remorlc^ as well 
 as his underftandiiig againft ti'utii and cpnviftion : tnt the 
 apoftle informs Gs, that he himfclf, one ^ of thefe paftors 
 Icgarlly inftituted, delivered thefe and fueh likd fcducers 
 over to Satan, that they might leijrn n,ot to blai^heroc : 
 ** Xjila chai^ge 1 coroinii to .,thee,. Sop Timoih^i accor- 
 
 * ding ItJ preceding ptDphccreS-^dncerning tJi»e, thatUibu 
 jnayctt fight & go6d: battle, .hairfngfaitli^arid i piod coif-' 
 
 ^ jfcienice, , which fqmeiiaVinj; put away, concerniBg faltfe, 
 ' li&vc/u(K>itHl {htpw Wck f.^.of thefe^rc Hymeneus and A- 
 • |l?xandcfi^horo l>fht^c^ dolivcfcd over to Satan, that i 
 ;#cjf.tt;ay kawr ^^t .tcr blaiphcrac^'— jfe Xifi»# y «^ ^' 
 
 \\ 
 
 ^ 
 
 >v 
 
 ^ fibe pafi^gc feitV^ %'tUi; oftigi'tor to.mew-'lwt Ch'rlfl:*4^^ 1 
 
l€^: 
 
 ^6mi(fe.of prcferviiig.fiis church did not extend to exclude 
 grofs^rrors, we have a fignal inftance of the contrary, itt 
 ' it the attention olthe Great Shepherd to tlic welfare of HU 
 Flock is manifeft : the error, which was infidio^fly intro- 
 . duced, and which, creeping like a cancer, began to in|# 
 the incautioqs part pf the flock, was immediately detw- 
 ^d, the progrcfs flopped, the proper remedy applied t<v-^ 
 eradicate the difeafc : that is, the warning voice c^f the 
 legally authorife<J paftor, and the fedutcrs by his itiiniftry 
 delivered over to Satap.-r-A terrible warning to all re- 
 forrhift? and inventors of novelty. From the fame paf- 
 fage we learn y other truth, which this caftigator did not 
 perceive : thlt ^, that error in faith when imputable, or, 
 in othei^kfords, when not excufed by invincible rgnorancc 
 or inevitable necejfiry, excludes from falvation : for the 
 apoftlefay^that they who err^d in faith fufferedftiipwrcckj 
 ic is hardly nccefl[ary to remark that, th^tnan who falls into 
 the jfca can find no fafety but in a return to the veffel. The 
 error of ^hefe early reform ii^s, Hymeneus, Philetus and A- 
 Icxander, ^he apoftle corr^aed in his (ii^ft cpiftle to the 
 Cor. XV, the people he rea^imcd, as we find no velligc 
 • pf that erroi: after amongft tWm ; the Sedticers, incorri- 
 gible ^i«L prf^umcd, he delivered over to Satan ; thus 
 eftablhied a precedent jn tlje churpb, which fias b^en 
 rdigiotjfly pbferycd' Tjic \yriter wpuld not bfl^upde^. 
 ftood to extend; the ftn£^ur^cs, which, he pcpafionally 
 makes on reformifts and innovators, to any of the pco- 
 pl<;f(;dupe4 by /their artifices, nor to their, tuccq^ors, 
 whether they teach t|je erroi;s;cff th^^torcdcceflbrs, joir 
 add tp them their own cc>njiGtutcs;^Bpftf inures iapply 
 /excltirively .tq.th^, who, origjnalf^lftenibers of ih* 
 catholic church," feparat^d^tttemfclves and fQr|Mcl fe^^$ 
 ,w oppofition toit\ tiicir fucceffors are peif^K in^o^ 
 ^ cent j^tNifapoaacf, and not having. been originally In 
 . rtie cbmm'union of the catholic churc||," they could. fri)i 
 • . (cparatc thcmfetves from it, WbcihtJ a pcrfUafi^u,. ^tU 
 ^ fmg from- Jiiotivcs unfounded, Ht by tbcW Ihbughr 
 ^ioHfiiaycxtufebc cxtititouilte a • pcrl^erafiwc iii. Irrpr, 
 
 
 .!l>i':U 
 
 
 ■\f>:j, 
 
 
 
 f K 
 
 H 
 
/*-i 
 
 
 15.70 
 
 h a queftlon which this writer does not thi«k ' propfir to^ 
 difdufB. Our caftigatop, who is profuft in. his citations, 
 ;^dds a paffage from St. Peter's fecond epifti?, ij : " there 
 Ibail bfc falfe teachers, among you, who fivall- bring in^ 
 privity daiRnable herefics ^. , . , ap4:m«iny fhall. follow 
 tHRr pernicious >fipfs,^' 4s^Hc caftigator only gives 
 
 - ♦hefe few words, which V€^as« much tii. his purpofe as 
 l.he iirft verip of Gerielis,th*e writer adds the omiflion : 
 *' but there wei:» alft) falfe prgplipti amo|3g tlie people, 
 as tliere will be falfe tejclicrs arnohg you, who will irft 
 'trodlieis (Ifla of perdition, and^ denying the/Lord, who 
 bought. tJieni, will bring, opth^mfclVes fwift - deftrucli- .^ 
 . ©n, !ad,Pet;^ 1 2, and mapty tv;ilhfpUow their *de{lru6live, 
 ivny^,'' opdleiasy hy whom "the -wa-y of truth will •'be 
 
 \ blafj^emed." Peter fays Oiat there were falfe prophets: 
 
 • amoiigft the Jews, but .he does not -fay tha"!! thefe" falfo 
 prophets were the pallors. of^-t he Jewifti chulffQh, nor-does^ 
 he fay that the Jewifli people were dec/ivqd by thetn, 
 though many were as we krtovi:; from tl>e infpired writ- 
 
 ; ingsj he f^ys alio that there *wiil be falfi teachers 
 
 • amorjgft usChriftiaiis, and thajt many jvUl follow their 
 deftrudjve" ways, andwoful experi^nca has verified 
 thi« pxedi<5lion ; but he does' not fay that t^i^e falfc 
 tcachcrs^ ^rc or >yUl be, the paftors^f Ac Cl\HiIian 
 church, or that all Chi;i{liaus"*wiij be fedvtced by tham-j 
 
 . lit; fays': " t'hey will introdur-efeds .of perdilion," <3///««" 
 , .fgr{ijax?t//ih dircfcis -opoleig^V^^h phrafe-fhecafiigAtor tranf-"- 
 . Iitcs^ " who fliall privily bring in d;\nljfable"herelie%.'* 
 The fubftantiye apkleh^ which figoiCes ^hJkion or dcjlruc%. 
 p j,- //e^;, Jie cj^iv«r.ts into the •di^^y^dCv^Q dekmnabh-, and by his 
 :. apoftolicil authoiityjie adda the adverb ^m'yi<^,vvhich_ 
 ..-l^ejr fio/gpt, and P4ul was'fo far fcom thin kiogthi^ 
 •ii^y.wkuld int'FOducc their deftrudivc opi,ulons^/iWWrv 
 that 4wakiiig offilic t&achers, wh6>efilVti^e truth, as 
 jaVnes-nnd Jatnb>c5, the Kgypti.tn rtiagrciarts*, refilled 
 ' Jvioh-s.' Ijie.aiv.ltlc ta\s ; " tlu'ir loll^.wiU be WniJiEilflir 
 ..jvUfVi. \m. in. rt. . • . ^. . ■ ^\ 
 
 ^K:-:7'-0i;r^ligi!tf r i|^jnJ:|rUi:]y o'idui:kV m.hls (Hccdon pf 
 
 *>.. 
 
.\ 
 
 r; 
 
 r^. 
 
 • ^7* > - 
 
 |)afliages from his repertory. IfnaginatioK 16 racked m 
 Vain to difcover fomethingto give a Colour of truth to 
 tubterfuges, 'which defpair olily can iuggeft. tpdiftort 
 tfmh in fupport of error is atalk, for which Nature 
 has not qualified Jiim ; hut tp force a truth to coun- 
 tenance an error, which it exprefsly condetnns^ fur- ^ 
 •paffes folly : ill the infpircd writings there is not perhaps 
 apaffage, in whUh all feds andfeaariesai% nrorcex- 
 plicitly condemned, and their diilinaive charaaeriaid ' 
 marked W^th gre-^tar precifion, than that which he haS 
 cited from .St. Peter»s epiftle : the fpoftle fays : " thcfe ' 
 ; will be falfe teachers,' who will' introduce Jifls or 
 %erefie% of perdition." Where will they introduce th^m 
 if not amongft chriftians pre-exifting > And what doc- 
 trine will they endeavour to cprrupt if not the doafiric 
 'taught in the church whc* they begin to^ogmatife ? 
 All- feas, therdforc, are originally fotlned of catholics fe- 
 diiced by fali^ teachers : they commence amon>gft catho- 
 lics, and by their ^fe dparine begin to corrupt ttie doc- 
 trine then taught by the pafrors, and believed by the peo- 
 'plQ. This charaaiKfiftjc diftinguiOies falfe teachers fo 
 plainly that even ignorance cannot^millake them : thus, 
 /for inftance, when Arius began to' dogmatife, fome few 
 catholics were feduccd h^ him, and formed a fed, which 
 - in a ihort time (welled to an immenfe multitude, but yet 
 the diftinarve chjaraaeriftic affigned by St. Peter was W- 
 feaiy applicTabie to^fefb^ ; for Arius did nof pretend 
 that all the bifhops of th^t hen- catholic v\^orld were falfe 
 teachers, who introduced a fea of perdition amongft .the 
 Arians then in poffefliQi|i of all chriftian churches j of 
 catholics feduced by his artifices he formed a fea amongft 
 jcatholics, the catholic prelates did not form a fea o£ fedu- 
 . ccd Arians amongft Arians, he therefore was one of thefe 
 falfe teachers foretold by St. Peter, and Ms followers coni. 
 . pufcd unL of thofv! f c clo o f.pe r dition ^nrror^nrrr l by f u l fr 
 teachers ; to come nearer home, when Lut*^ began 
 to dogmatife in Saxony, he <iJ^ not pretend t^at the ^ 
 bi(h(.p8, then paftorsin bwfuf fuccefioc'inlfMUT^d any 1 
 
 • . ' ^.- ,., fec'b " 
 
fe<3: or herefy ahiongft Lutherans pr^-exifting and pof. 
 jfefling^'all Chriftian churches, the biflipps did not then 
 ^gin fo corrupt ttie efo£lrine taught in all chu« 
 Liki^er, therefore, was one of thefe falfc teachers 
 
 . feet ^^ formed of catholics feduced by him arhongft 
 catholics, , the catholic bi (hops did not form a fed of 
 .Lutherans feduced amongft Luthptans. This reafoning 
 is applicable to all feels, and bears no reply : " for it was 
 never pretend^edi^y any feft that they tijemfelves were 
 in poflefiion of all churches, and thteir paftors, in regular 
 fucqeffion frorti thai apoftles, poiffcflad of all right of, 
 preaeliing and teaching, when fopie one or other began 
 
 _toform a fed amongft them. The man, who weighs 
 dilpaflionatcly the force of this reafoning and refifts it, 
 is not within the , reach of convicljon : either incurable 
 ftupidity, or invincible obftfnacy has fo depraved his uh- 
 derftanding, that even intuitive triith can make po im- 
 preffion ons^t. . \ , . 
 
 I'he enfuing pages s^e filled with an extrad frofii this, 
 wri^r's remarks, ijn wmch the obedience enjoined by St. 
 Paulto th^ paftors of the church is ftated, and the rule 
 prefcribed by St. John to diftinguifli falfe teachers. To 
 this tKe cajiigator replies : that obedierice to magifljrates, 
 parents iind Tiiailcrs, is alfo enjoined by the aAoftle— this 
 leems fo be his favourite fevafion, it has been already dif- 
 cufl'ed. Tlie vrriter now adds that .this precept of obedi- 
 ence to the civil niagiftrate, whictL,the caftigator/fecms to 
 difregard, ftridly obliges in ailefvil caufes which are of 
 
 ^ his jurifdiciion ; that it is his official duty to underftand 
 the civil law, and explain i^tb contending parties ) that 
 it. is irttolcrable^refuiiiptlon III a cobbler ,qr coal porter 
 toprctend to-^ired himj^ rcfufe to aqquiefce in the 
 (enfecncc, which lie has jurid\cally pronounced, until they 
 Jiavc ^itftRiined it, and founcKitnionfiltent with<he laws, 
 of which they know nothing but what cljicy learn from 
 
 ":j' 
 
 Mm ; in Hke manncr^TiTs precept of abeilience to the 
 paftors of the church obliges, under pchaltyof perdition^ 
 Ml all fcjigiousdifputes, which are of thcilr jurifdidion ; 
 
 . ' "■^' '. ■ ■ 'V ■ ■■.'.'.• ■ ■-• it 
 
 **■ 
 
 rji;iti'iiii4"" '■ 
 

 "W 
 
 iliithei^ offidirdaty toundcrftana, srtvd explain tht 
 lawj of the gofpel to the cobbffct and tfec foal portc*"* attd 
 to aUtb^^ilUtctate and ttflinformcd, who (^ompofe sin 
 iwealcufablfe majority W Chriftians, a"ntj vl^hd nclth«tf 
 [' kriG#, nor can know any thing of thegofpel, biit \fhik 
 Aejr? learn frona thieit t^ath^rs ; aiidlroin this rfcafoHi 
 inj^, which inay be denied, becaiifef iher^e iS no tnlitft 
 which may rtdt be denied, but canndi be invalidated! ot : 
 eluded/ hti c(mcl\idc» that the rule^ pti^rcribed by St* 
 jolai, to diflinguifli faiHfe teachers, is the moft fimpleand 
 tite itioft infallible thateaii be devifed*: this is a feflB3tion 
 of vjThith the moft illiterate man or ^otftan^fs capable i 
 Ariijs fays that all the padors ofthi* thtiirch are detei"^^ 
 cd, that he alone underftinds tH« rcriptifrcs, and they 
 do hot ; he difobeys thenpi ; he i» orieof thcfe falfe 
 teachers. This reafoning isftrii^ly stpplidabfe to t'^tty Re* 
 %mift ; itis the^iaate of common fen% independent oik 
 Jogicil oi: metaphyfical difcuifiop. " It did not ocm^ to 
 rhfe writer,'* fsffsth^c^ftigatbr, p. i/3, " that this very 
 rule of St. Johi^J««^r«y erf i^icfcriptufes. Which the 
 irnfcd he fay* dd not underftand" Ifis fpirit of di- 
 
 ^.'J 
 
 vpition deceives him : it didoecnr to this writer that 
 St. }6h«i*$tulejfe a rale of the fcrifjtntres, infallible as the 
 fcripture^ ; blit which the unlearned did rtcrt learn from 
 the fcriptures, which one of 4 thibilifand atthattiine 
 cQuld not read, but if om their paftofs, frotfi whorti they 
 learned all, that they kKew, and- all that they were obli- 
 ged to know of the fcriptutc9» ais the^a<ligator*s fefvant ' 
 inaid learns ffoTit' hiitothe opIdiortsfolGaliflnor GOimar^ 
 oi^|^<own ^diifcoverieis in jiiKe hitherto unexplored regi- 
 ons oi religious fanty, nbt in the fcf ipcferes, of which 
 file niay admire the fine pictures* In tbe.farne page he* 
 tcHs xxt; that" St. John, 4ttftea<| pf referring the liaem-' 
 jers di the chtfrch to jtheb^ . teatehets, implicttly turns 
 their ikaatiiBn to. the 4o<^rine of the fcripBurefl«,and 
 
 •I. 
 
 ;them to cxefcHe their judgment by biirigingtl^e 
 
 1'^^ ^|i:uaion8 of^ the etergy to this teft,*^ Ims psrai^ox 
 
 ^ of divination difcovcrs in thefc wircb of,rhe 
 
 r— !" 
 
M « 
 
 -Hf. 
 
 # 
 
 i^V 
 
 
 rii- 
 
 v.* 
 
 apoftle^-^*i befoTed b'diive nbt every fpirir, but try th<i 
 fpirits whcthq»thcv are o£ Goi -, becaufe many falfc pro- 
 JP^tt^'^jPfoneout into the WorJd. Htrhby; know you 
 the fpirit of God : every fpiril that confcffeth that 
 
 ^ I Jtha Chrift is come in the flcfh is of God ;,3nd every 
 fpirit that confeffeth not thai Jefus Ghrift is coriie in the 
 
 ^^. flcfti isnot of Go(d.!?*-#si John, iv, 1-3^. We admire the 
 unexamjpled figacity of his fpirit.; he has difcovcrcd that 
 thefe falle pro|jSets and lying fpirits were neither tefs nor 
 m we than the paftors of the chriftian church, or, as ht 
 
 ' calls them, tht clergy ; ind he dcteas, in St. John^s words, 
 a latent order to the people^ which had hitherto efcaped 
 the notice of the wqrld, to bring the inftruaions of.thef^ 
 falfc prop4iets, and lying fpirits, their clergy, to the teft 
 of the fcriptures : a fimple man, judging by the rules of 
 common fenfc^ would^ haVe thought that St. Johain- 
 tended to inftruci the clergy, and through ^hem to warn 
 the people againft the artifices of faife teachers. What 
 rcnderaihis conjeaurc probablc^is^ that many of the 
 people could not read> that they were Hot all prophets^ 
 , andcould not know the contents of the apoftlc's letter 
 by infpiration, in a word, that they had no poffible mean 
 of knowing the apoftle's inftruaions but h^om their 
 teachers. The worjd is greatly indebted to the cafti. 
 gator's inftrufting fpirit, though fome fimpletons, from 
 the ftriking refemblance, may miftake it for one of thefe 
 i()irits, of wliich the apoftle fpoke. In the next page we 
 find another difcovery, which had alfd efofed the notice 
 of an undifcferning world for many ages : impKdt obedi- 
 ence to the church is repugnant to the fpirit of the gof^ 
 pel; difobedience, therefore, is an /jjyirangelical virtue. 
 This he finds in thefe words of».St. John •.» >*"we arc df 
 God, he, that knowctii God heareth us ; he, that is not 
 of^Qodhearethus not." A man, not enlightened by 
 the 64&igi>tor.sinftruaing fpirit, would very naturally 
 
 <?)iK?ludehdifi thefe words, tl^^^^^ 
 of that new modeiled virtue " difobedience :" in terms 
 as intcUlgjbl^ as, ever were penned, the apoftle affigns 
 
 A. . obedience 
 
'■^'t.~f^/< ■ -■- r/ fs, 
 
 "ST« 
 
 WB: 
 
 •bedience as the diftin6livechara(^eriftic of the childrai 
 of God. It fe 1^^ prc^ucfii 
 
 fubmifHon to' tlie faithful minifters, fays ithe. caftigator^i 
 who ever doiibtcd ki^iBttt where this knowledge, feyf 
 he, is wanted^ thera may be fubmiffion and credulitjR^ 
 hwt no faith ; there may be,apdis, too ofxen unfortun^ 
 ately, fubraiffipn' and credulity to. other minHler^, but 
 opt; tb the minifiers. o£ Chrift, for it is-"; not poffible 
 ibr theman, whodoes\not'kpow Jefus Chriil, to have 
 anyi^k^, or pay any fubmiilion to bimielf or his rnini^ 
 ftersPmd this is precifely what ^e apoftle fays : '* he who 
 knoweth God, heareth^us ; sMQd he,t. whouis-not o£ God^ 
 iieareth-us.not.***.,' ■ .^•■rr»^.iirr:.:.v:v/r.->^*.K-.-'t-^H :■/ ... .u ^ra^'va 
 y In the fame page, 174, he tefis us that the tmbarned 
 are capable of trying ftrange do6Vrines by the rule of 
 tliefk:riptures ; he has not told us how the unlearned, 
 who neither read, nor can read the fcriptures, know 
 their, contents, to compre ftrapge dodrines with them* 
 Can they try them by a,rule of^ which they khow no- 
 thing ? The writer prefumes to inform him, tim t|)f 
 unlearned, who have never read a, line in the fcriptures, 
 may, with great facility, and unerring certainty, detcft 
 falfe t^^chersj by that fimple rule, prefcribed by St. John^ 
 which- they icarn from their paftors j^ and, haying de- . 
 tefted- the. falfe; teacher, they muft conclude, that his 
 dodrine is fal&. Thus the Redeemer, in> his paternal 
 careS:(Qf his flock, provides for the moft Hliteritc as well 
 as for the moii inteUigent, an ef&dlual preiervative 
 againft' esror<;^ but minutely tp^ difcufs the opinicms 
 of falfe teachers,- and compare them with the doc- 
 trines of the fcriptures, is what the unlear^ned cannot 
 do ';. tile pretence is ofFenfive to TeAfpn y^ the moft 
 grofe artifice, of impofturp :" the man, who tdls the 
 illiterate mechanic, that he underftands the fcriptutea^ 
 which he cannot read, flatters.him with the idea that |^ 
 
 TsRinifelf a competent judge of true or falfe doctrine'; 
 that he is capable of compairi^ obftrufe doArincs, of 
 which the man has.no idea al^Lpith. the Scriptures of 
 
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 >(a«(|Jdbiaiti froi^lftc iiii|ni^|d|i of t«cl|- paftpre ^nd 
 lefidivt^ not Jron t^ fdrifttineei^^ x^mtepis of wbn:!^ 
 tM^^aaiiot i|oo«rbutfr«;iii^ t<bdidf|^ Hence 1^ 119 
 4lri#f l|e iMft Ptor^tei^^ ijio has leairiied bi| cite. 
 
 « iMore accwiat^ luae^fedgQ ef Veli|^ tfis c^a. 
 
 Iwg piftor, iiid aH |a$4radi^|e»vfoi€«it Jt^l^ f hit the 
 
 itooft 2lk«t^ttet €iN!|i(^illi ij?*q ha&lf»vi»d hH catechifia 
 
 by rote, and hestrd his paftor Caspian it, haaa mojTR tccu. 
 
 fcrte^ l5B«WirItd^ i^thft. fiW «»i^!ca»ir«| of CahH ^n 
 
 $ay eathoii; mit iMbd in conti^»)vrerfy.; If hy fo ^ Be. 
 
 ^n&( thcfe ait! ^e4o^ines inifire^ oa hit nwid by 
 
 ilk ini4^lei!| t^^il^ In the ^c of ttiitb «id ejcperience^ 
 
 hcf Mmfelf if toU^ and ti^ ^ri4 i* tan^ to h^isve, 
 
 that he find| thefe doarSnes ^^ei^r^tttrci,> of which 
 
 firha^ he n^er co^ read :^ five. 1.^ V - 
 
 U^n qi^^re conQderatkm oar o^igaloi^/tMnlcs that 
 
 obecienipf and fuhmiffion ms^y be due to ^tninifters 
 
 of Chrlli 1; to hinilelf, w^ nuiftpr^mcflMid hit brethren 
 
 til t|||e new. £diool, and la^ apppintittept, Imt th« Ht^Oi 
 
 dmrcli lus n(i iMta xo xi^^^-'-^^im 
 
 lainon^ fieUows pack up yoar illt and begcne. Why 
 
 €:kl Becmle the Romiii chliech fei^tda^ mWiiag^ anc| 
 
 .cospaaiids an aMkenet £rom meaM. ^, ftfange to 
 
 td^ ^ iRomi^ tbtttclb ^t forUds vumi^ge, caUt 
 
 matriiiiAiiy a ikcrafmnt ##Tine kfttlaitioB^ aodRo- 
 
 naiii%, in |»ce^«ice of hw minittoa, coatraa^marra^ 
 
 #^h great fo^ainit|^. ^ oimera 1^ ai^ ahftin^^e 
 
 li^ftn meaM. 1^ d<itaiil times, but never is if ihey were 
 
 Va^ her dijIdieR cat all iaimMmtaiff «it^ 
 
 ty tlMe ivtiir'Tiif^ipiAli tiiat ii^ 
 .^M^iinrtire of Odd it goiod f aod h#v« nfifltiof ki oointnon 
 -^ Wth Oif M»StdPins, tlie ancefthri ^ th» cift^tor, 
 yhe bribed jth>tt^c#pdaiifii^^<i|^ i^bk 
 
iiNwW r*i^ tJsN^ 
 
 (fPSM^U forts i0f *>ii»^4 siiMt wtlh D»o|pl* ^ho ft^ft^4 
 
 aHiH, iE^ ^^W* lilt aH.|iWB»! to JOitel ^<»tt^ cerljawv Ri«M$t 
 ti^ ,i|ia» ,^to i|Di^. m Mvk M, M#^ ^J^^^^j* H ^^"* 
 
 &««i^ »^ the^ %hp$% $i# l^f#;«w:%H*M», w^ good in 
 tftii^Ni, ?fi4 %^ the JUnfe.i^MJr|«| 
 
 ^ ^CQbcf«»t;«^cxlGWbt^p^ tran<^ 
 
 pti«dt» T»ilpt|i| Hlwfol^,?^ ti9, tfec^bufcl^ ^cili6^<^ 6g^ 
 ^t ilwWy f»»ft«^ fikmm» M ignnrw^ ofl^ 
 
 '^MB^f^(i^i^ siriiibc di#cif ft thfiwiiiKiiw t|i<> iot^eiiited 
 }-imi^i i St.. fiml feyi lo U» di^i^cliiii^^hy?^ " ^, 
 
 il^o4, !«Kkhi»j^ #vtb«<#iWcb.,of thp pHtoR 
 
 amd^ioiiwiof fcctttik.** Xbi* plwrafcbctrifig Pthar fenfti^ 
 
 im^. Ikxdiwrt tbfl^ atiicutwn o£ Ws imikn, ^.»d pcrplc* 
 a tnttli, wrMch be um^ <iw»y, li^l^flif^i tbai ibc ^a^ 
 
■*">/'t?}^^ 
 
 i^crsrefor it fometimcs to Timothy, aafd ibmetrmck to the. 
 church : Gregory, o£ Nyffenc, fays, that "§r. Paul fo: 
 ihioncd fnnothy ^ Ije a goodly piHar, malaSg him the, 
 pillar and.groundofthe church and of truth; andBafilftid, 
 of the deccaied biOlop of Neoccferca that he was.the orha- 
 ^ihentof the churches, the pjllarand ground of ^Ufh, i 
 ftroBg and flrmcltaMiflinwnt of faith in Ghrift ;'* and in ' 
 another epiftle, laifaentiBg, the ftatc of the church, on! 
 tccount of the dilperfion of the l^(hop$ by the perfccution, ^ 
 Bafil fays i: " The pillars and ground of truth aredifperA 
 cd*'— Ep. 7^. Who would think that a paftor of a new 
 church, a vrhich there are no bifhops, would pceAiniie 
 toihform his readers that the paftors and teachersof the 
 pntmtive church were biftops ? And, what argues the 
 iBOft blind infatuation, hf cites froirf their y?titiiig|;jui 
 oppofitiorf It) truth, paflages which exprefsly confirm it : 
 Bafil calls Jhe biOiops " t^e pillars and ground of truth ;"< 
 in 1il|e manner Gregory calls Timothy an »rch-bi{hop,'a. 
 ^W of the church an^ of truth > and the caftigatdr yi- 
 forms us alfo,that ancient writers were accuftonied to^ 
 call any pcrfop eminent? M^fe thurch by this, ijajne, he 
 might have added modet||PhoKc writers to tie ancients, 
 their anceftors : there jjs nothing more common than i(K^ 
 call a prelate^ emipe^t for fpienceaiid fanaky apilUr 
 of the church,.^ot a pillar of truth-: becaufe the fanaityv 
 of his life juaifies the fanaity of that faith, which forms^ 
 Wto ; and his doftrine condemns the artitos and errnrs 
 offalfe teachers J his writings vindicafB the tmth^of 
 leUgion from mifreprcfentation and falfe interpretati, 
 ma; but he cannot prevent them, from being diftorted ; 
 againft artful impofture no precaution is proof— the in- 
 ^i^r^d writings arc thcmfclves horribly abufed, Th^ ex- 
 traas, which the cafligator has rnjudicieufly cited, arc . 
 inanifcft allufions to that palfagc i« which St. Paul calls' 
 the cturch the pillar and ground^of truths and fhew o» 
 
 V 
 
 "Slfllffi^j-as^wen in tfiFpiliml^ 
 ages., the paOors of Chrift's Church we^e thought to be 
 the oillar artd ground t)f truth, and of Dcccfiary confc- 
 
 ^^■^ ^-^.m— -■_.:, _ -^ •- ■■ • ■■- ■ .quence 
 
 .:-.Miii-$^. 
 
 
CAT -tV 
 
 7 f.*"" 
 
 i, 
 
 w«5: 
 
 Ik. -^ 
 
 "I 
 
 •^i? 
 
 ^tii 
 
 ^uenti att teichew in pppofiUoii ^ to thm ^i^^0 
 
 ';^lfe 'tills friiitlefe cflFbrt, whicli wiuft bfe afcribcd tijE 
 tfec vanity iaf appearing GonVcrfant in the writings of th* 
 Fathers, blrtranfcribing fonie garbled fcraps from Kit 
 repertory, jthe cJtftigator cfi>ndcfccnd< to think that 
 PauP* Words may be appiicabie to the church, but they 
 by uo mcins. If u^ believe hira, fupport infallibility, 
 A j^^ man would haturdly think tiat the pillar q| 
 truth fuppot-ts nothing eKe but truth, for this plaii) 
 teafon^ tiiat between trutA and iaKhood there is no 
 mcau; If* therefore, the <;liur9h teaches true dodrin«?> 
 fiicfupports the truth, and is the piUar of truth, if &e 
 teaches falfe dQarine> (he fupports fi8boo^ aftd is the 
 pillar of felOjQOdi not bf tmh^ , This fim^c reafoning 
 precludes evafion, the man is wilfully blinds who doet 
 notice it, and loft without rtderoption if he rcfiftsij. 
 The caftigator aflts on what the chui'ch rafts ? To which 
 the^ritbr replies, with the apoftle, it refts on Jefui 
 Chrift,~whofe alntighty power preferves it according %0 
 his promifet " the gates of hell fliallnot prevail againft? 
 it 5" the VPths of his gofpcl he "teaches by thefe paftors , 
 whob he gives tij^-his fchurth for the work of the mini^ 
 ftry ; by them he detects and tonfounds the impoftures 
 of thefe emiftaries, whom the enemy fends tofow tarcsiiij 
 his field. " We proteftaht«," fays the caftigator^p. 172, 
 "believe th<^ truth to be founded on the teftitoony ofGpj^ 
 He , fcenft to InfiUuate that catholics do ,not bclfi^ve ;th« 
 truths of religion oiy the teftimony of God. Th^jl^rilcr . 
 begs leave to undeceive his readers : we catholics believe 
 thetriiths of rcligmn in reality on the ceAimony of God,' 
 whilfll pi'oteftants think they do, but in reality do not : 
 .there is this remarkable and ^ential difference between 
 our faith and their opinion, that we have an unerring ■ 
 abfohrte^^waimy iltirt God ha« ateefted thc-tnitha- 
 
 y titat iiou na« ateeited tftc-tr 
 of religion, and ihey have none but what they , borrow 
 from u». • this article has been already difcuflcd: l|^' 
 this work, our caftigator inadvertently confcfles it : *« the 
 
 '»;i'> • ^ ■■ .■ . -''■■'' .,^ . >;'^'! >,,:^^ church," 
 
 ,V > *^- 
 
I 1 
 
 \i. 
 
 Ii< 
 
 ' t^Wtl!v*^fl^ Im, #1 y^U^'ike xmqiitt to Wa jji^abd 
 ground of triitht merely oaiccouin rftfcitfcfcoriJvw^^ 
 il»biuu^,t0;^id^^^ ICatholid bdreVe no 
 
 mbrt : tbat twihi anti that onlyv is of GathoiiQ fath 
 %feich is atwffeU if the chtirch lo haver beeb r^feWed 
 liiy Go4 : It ifta^^«&iilipofition oil t^he crathiUty of tlie 
 f)Ub1i^ to i^fgtedd thac die (bhtrrcll either fiip^fi^^ ot 
 COfi^eal^, or aJters slny revealed truth ; her decifions are 
 fbl^Ain dedbfAtiomt thtft fiich or futh troths are repealed 
 by Oodj in4 as mitlr h hot oppofite to ttiith, the 4011^ 
 m!EMjft<»y*^'arevtlatedtnith muft bea*i«^ror. " ffyif 
 etff^^ues Uie ctfilgatot, ** lihotigh th» tAiVfth my be the 
 ^m afftd gtouftd of trdthiir does toot follow that n canw 
 liot e#r, or by erriiiig that h is n© kSij^r d ehtirch ©f 
 jphH4l» i^t fl pil]«r df falil«9dd.'' '^^ft juA)l|i« ctf iiitow 
 teftl^ncleir h* preH^hdi to prof« % fbnmfcing iiiOr* iuw 
 4)6lMtttiity^ to fp«s^lc€br»e^y, iltiord Wafphcmfoufl^^ ini- 
 fJtous r >* » ptit/tn^-iifs ht, ** «iay ^j!* « 5tf/»/ of God, 
 90tfugh cor^fahly m^itiffd m the piihtum (fSin^^ ^A8 Silt 
 k % generical lefiiiy applicable to ali forts Of cl'lmcs, 
 ]ji«d thfe poHiltiorif Of fin unliffifitedy this Edinburgh 
 cadi^acoir affumes, not flmply as a trUthv btnt'lti an uti^ 
 ^^oftionable truth, that is, as ft principle of proof, that 
 abd^ftirsabledoariiic, which ai^ithorifes aH forts of Wicked- 
 «efs 3(Ad armies in our nvodern fainti : a perfon may be 
 t fiirit df God and con fider ably involved lA' the poilati. 
 ©is of &i ! Th« is, in oth^r words : » pcifoii may be 
 a faiiitliMf God and at the fame titnc guilty of perjury, 
 <rf aduitefy, of theft, of trcafon, &c. Huil[}artds' take 
 C««j of youif Wiyct, th^ May be faaiits of God thoujgh 
 li^MtHderafbiy HHOlved in the pOtlmions of in ! It is 
 ^Hlheflr ufiforcttnate that St. PWuidid not think thefe ncw^ 
 'Utidetfied faints entiiikrdto a fliafi |i tb« inhcHtanoe of 
 tJnekiifjgckwn of G«(d,-*-Eph. v,* jc 
 -Tfaenext pggeft^re fil l ed wkh,vagtteaffertions, tot 
 
 ^conne^ed, without « fiiadow of proof. The inquifi- 
 tionhfr&ntff his affirigkled) imaighiation, th^ thought a- 
 lilfibs hii%4i« ftire|i^#^a^iiighwayman trdmbUs at the 
 
-O, 
 
 ^ fast ' 
 
 ;?IJC 
 
 
 6gbt t)f a fdJJie, or sis i^xpur0cdby a £i^e iar)tddlkt6& 
 hound, though pisrfetlJly &cure^ through £ear, becomei 
 doi^bly offenSve ; it i\ true -thai a preacher who tells his 
 people : that an a£fanih^. it traitor, a blafphemer, in A 
 wora4-J' a pcrfon confidcrabljr involved in the poUutimil 
 of fin, may be a faint ^^ God'*-*-woiHd have foniethiog . 
 to fear Tram that tribunal if vtrithin its grafp^ but as the', 
 inquifitlon is no article, c^. catholic do<^riiie, and neitheir 
 admired oi; approv^by the writer, he refigns it to tlie ' 
 caftigator's vengeancc^-^i-lie'iiiayTcut his rage on it with 
 impunity. Fromtheinquifidoti he flies to £piphaniu^»« 
 the great enemy of images. Why not to Copronymus* 
 of foul memory, he was a greater enemy to images ? * If 
 the accufation iigainft Epiphanius had been foundGiii4n 
 truth, it would prove him an IporiQclail, or image breaker^ 
 and he would have been anathemitifed by the church 2$ 
 the Iconoclafb were : other menj-more intelligent than he, 
 , did not cfcapejEf nfure when they fwervedfrom truth, as > 
 Origines, T^rtuHian, &c. but it would not prove that 
 images were not in the churches objects of refpsd and ve* 
 neration before his days, in his days, and after them. How* 
 ever, the accufation is a calumny, though the ca^igator 
 be not the author. St. John of Damafcus, a celebrated 
 Greek writer, vindicates him from that injurious afperll- 
 on : in his defence of the catholic dddrine againft thQ 
 image breakers, this venerable Afcetick,whom theOreeks 
 confider auheir greateft writer, ftates, as a principal uni« 
 vcrfally admittefd, thai 'the chu'tch cannot tfrr^dpfecifety " 
 what the caftigator denies. }ohn DamaTcen then explains, 
 with great precifion and pe):fpicuity, the genuine feofe of 
 the pailkges in fcripture, diftorted by the image breakers 
 in fupport of their error, juftifies the church from the im- 
 putation of idolatry, with which, calujnmious milrcprefen* 
 tation then,as nowarperfedjit; he relies to a paOTage cited 
 by thefe feftaries from Sc. Epiphairius* Letter to Johri of 
 
 Jerufal<iin ; they too knew hqw to garble and interpolate. 
 In this paifage Epiphanius is made to fay : that he tb?ea. 
 vvcurtain on wli^ an image, was painted ^ to this Joho 
 
 :• /, -^ ■ ■ ■.■*.:-, ;■■ L I ■ ■' ^■'>a;na(ccn' 
 
•■■4/ 
 
 If. 
 
 iltl 
 
 :»pMnafccn r^plfct : if the pafTage be genntnft, wWcli 
 he.did notieem to believe, though he did not think pr(^# 
 per to eontcft it^ Epiphanius muft have done it to fupprefel*^ 
 fome local abufe, as Athanafius ordered the relics of the 
 Saints to be buried, to induce the Egyptians to abolifli 
 the-cuftoni of keeping the de«d bodies of. their friends on 
 beds in their houfes ; but that Epiphanius did npt pre- 
 tend to abolrih images is manifeft, fays he, beciufe they 
 -yet embcUifli hi^i own church. A more convincing argu* 
 mcPt He could not oflFer. St. £piphamus' cathedral of 
 .Salamine, in the ICle of Cyprus, was yet in being when 
 j^ohn Damafcen wrorc> and the images were there to be 
 .|cen, as they are yet to be feen in 6t. Stephen's Ghapel. ' 
 where the Imperial Parliannent meets, ifapart'of the 
 wainfcot be removed. Damafcen then cites many paffa- 
 gesfrom the earlieft writers to juftify-the veneration of 
 the images of Chrift and his Saints j fromi>cnjs, the A- 
 renpagite ; from fiafil ; from Gregory of Nyffa, who 
 fays that he was affected es-en to tears at thepiahre of 
 itit facrifice of Abraham ; from Chryfoftom, from Leon- 
 tius, ^ifliop of Naples in the Ifland of Cyprus ;; on this 
 laft paffagc Damafcen fay a: \* Who is the beli interpreter 
 ; of Epiphanius!'. This holy Bifliop, who preached in the 
 ^vianw ifland^ withrMmf-Orthcy^ho (peak now accor- 
 f j ding tp their own opinions ?" In the Seventh General 
 I , Council, 4th Ac. a long paflage was read, from Leontius* 
 , apology for chriftians, againil the jews, in which that pre-1 . 
 late had fliewn, with demonftratiVe evidence, the effential 
 differenccbetwcentheveaeration, which chriftians pay the 
 images of Jefus Chrift and his Saints; and the idolatrous 
 worihip of the Heathens. In his reply Damafcen fays : if 
 ' ' Epiphanius had been of the lame opinion with the Icono- 
 clafl^s, his authority could not be of any force againft the 
 general practice of the church, Damafcen, fo celebrated 
 amongft the Greeks and Latins, thought fo lightly of the 
 ITKROTily 6TEpTphanTuTTir"opp6fiti6n to IHc cTlabriihea^ 
 ufagc of the church, that, though he justified him from 
 Che imputation of herefy, he did not think it ncccffary to 
 *. , ' •- ' . ' ' . contcft 
 
 ' tt^i\%ii, ^ A. 
 
»% 
 
 I 
 
 eonteft a manifeft interpolation in liis works; what vfronld 
 he have thought of an apoftate monk in Saxony, burftiii^. - 
 from ,his monafttfry, dlfiiegarding vows atud' oaths, afid% 
 fetting^ his wild conje^iures in oppofition; to the fettled 
 doftrincs o£ the chriftian world ? The paiTage in which 
 Epiphaniuti is JTfade- to. fay that he tore the curtaiiit on> 
 which the iniage was paintsd^ ^ is an addition to a letter 
 already finiihed, and' hal^hb- reference to ihe fubjeft o£ 
 thaflcttei;, in which the errors of Ori^ncs are ila&ed, oiP 
 which John; then BiQiop of Jerufaleni, was ilrongly fufi^ 
 pec^cd-T- This, afl dot her interpolations m the works of - 
 Epiphanius were detected by Epiphanius the Dcacott^ !» 
 tlie Seventh General Council, Act d^: in that Councilv" 
 compofed entirely of: Greek Prelates, with the exception . 
 of tlie Roman Pontiff** Legates, the artlficestrP'the linage 
 breakers were expofcd, and by then)feives acknowledged ; 
 the record^ of the Church of Gonftantinopk were produc- 
 ed, in them, the erafures-Averevifible ; foa;ic paCfajfrcs not 
 well effaced were with diificulty rendered intelligible^^ 
 whole leaves were cut out, «alL which remained entire in 
 fpme authentic copies*, which were sdfo produced. Thus 
 it is chat error at all times has endeavoured to r^if&itfeiC 
 on thcruinsofxeli^ion, byarti^l^and impofture. 
 
 As this Edinburgh calligator .{envs to place an im- 
 plicit confidenjiie in Sc» Epiphanius* he rnuli be highly 
 jJeafed' at an extra^ from that Father's, worksk, which 
 are univerfally acknowledged authentic^ 
 
 At the requeft of Aicacius and Paul, pricfts and afchi- "^ 
 mandrites* that is, fuperiors o£ the monafteries of 
 Carchedonia, and Berea in, Syria, whofc letter is dated in ' .. 
 tke 92d year of Dioclcfian, the 1 2th of Valentinian and 
 Valens, the 8th of Gratien, that is, the ycar375 ofour 
 ar^^ EpipbanittS wrote his great work againil hereiiei»r 
 whi\h he entitlesd Panarian, or> as he explains it* Ch0 ^ 
 of Medicines a^ainji dijferent Poifons. In this work ■fir 
 
 ligfiiy dISercnt herefies fpccificd, and folidly refti^nlfti 
 The work is clofed with an expoficion of the Gatholil 
 faith> and a minute defcription of church difcipUne^ 
 which the writet* tranfcribes ; \ "Perpetual 
 
 ■■/^TSjJ 
 
 ''vll 
 
 
^i,-!- n T.-{HJ« 
 
 ^^4 
 
 V 
 
 
 \K 
 
 i%^f^ perpetual continehqr is by inany inviolably obferiN 
 
 ^^fri^aBcifabaoured ; thca pelibacy ; contirrentein widow, 
 lood.; the mci^ct ha nTarrted fiate principally whqi not 
 reiteritedy thoag|i it be allowed to marry after the death 
 of a hufband or a wife. The fowrcc of aH thcfc goods i& 
 die pricfthoodjiwhich is given for the greater part to men 
 of uadcfijed and perpetual chaftityjor to them, who live 
 in a.°ftate of celibacy, or who abft^in from, their ij^ives, 
 iw to widowers, who have been once^nly married ; but 
 Eie^ who marries a fecond time cannot be received into 
 the priefthood* either in the oirder iof bilhopv of prieft, of 
 
 , deacon er fubdeiicon> Alter t|ie\prieflihood, is the order 
 of readers^ who are admitted indifcrimtnatoly from all 
 • States, of perpetual chaftity, of celibacy, of ccmtinencc, 
 of widowhood, or marriage, and in cafe of necelfity 
 £rom ax^ongft thoTe, who have contradled a fecond mar- 
 ffiage# Therearc al£} deaconefles appothted for the iert 
 vice of wumenifolely ; as decency requires on account of 
 baptifm,Tind othcriimiIaroccafions,they ought alfoto live 
 ifi^^ate of coatinency after one only marriage, or in a 
 llatc of perpetual virginity j after thefe are the exorcifts, 
 ahd the interpreters, who trariuate Iroiln one language 
 into anx)ther the leflCbns or the fermons ; remain yet the 
 . copeatss fextons, who bury th.e dead, aiid the porters, 
 and all that concerns good order within the church. 
 
 vf! ** IThe affemblies ordered by the apoftles are.held on 
 Wednefday, Friday, and Saturday ; on Wednefdayand 
 Fxiday the Faft continues until «ow, that 4s until the 
 tliird hoiir after mid-day is ended, becaufe on Wedcef' 
 
 «*day. the lJorj^_^as betrayed aifd on Friday he fuffered. 
 Cur Faft is an acknowledgement that he has fuffered for 
 uSi^ and a fatisfadtioni fbrour iins. This Faft on Wcd- 
 ftefday and until »rw*i ixobfervedin the Catholic church 
 - Che whole year, the fifty days in the Eaftcr, during 
 which it is forbiddenCt o kneel or fijtjjb^ excepted ; du^ 
 "Ting that tinie dTeaffSil^^on Wi^ and Friday Tsf 
 
 hcldiin the .morning, not at none^ (thr^ in theievening) 
 
 ^ »|i; during the. reft of the year j onthe/tfay of theEpi- 
 !:-i;' •, , ' „ .. \ I ' / -.■phany, 
 
 yt^t' 
 
 'tjtHi, . 
 
4«5 
 
 
 phany, which hxhe birth of the Saviour, it laf niit allbW- 
 cd tofaft, though it fall on Wcdnefday or Friday. The 
 Afccticks voluntarily obferve a laft tht? whold ycar,^i5«r:, 
 ,cept Sundays and- the Eafter time, aftd alwj^ys obfclv** 
 the #igils } the Catholic church reckon^s all Sundays day8''^ 
 of joy, affembles on ihetti in the morfitijg aiid< doe^r: 
 not faft^; {he alfn obferves , the forty days before the' 
 fcreadays of. Eafter in a continued faft ; but'lhedoicsL 
 notfaft on §undays even in Lent ; as to the (i?c days be* > 
 fore Eaftej-Diy, all the people live on dry food, f " x<^r(f' ^ 
 pha^ia* J thzt rs,>?«aking but bread, and (alt and water, 
 in the evening; the m©ft fervent pafs fometimes two" 
 days, fometimes three or four without eating, and fonae 
 the whole week until Sunday mbrning at cock crow ; * 
 vigils are obferved thefe fix days, and th^re is an <iffenri^ 
 bly dvcry day; during the Lent alfo the affcmbly is held^ 
 froni I? w^ to evening. In fome places the vigil iii kept 
 on. the night of Thurfiiaj' uptil Friday v or of Sunday 
 only. In fonrie places the focr^fice is offered on Holy 
 Thurfday,^ continuing the " xerc^jagia*^ dry food ; in 
 other places the Tafcrifice is celebrated but on the night of . 
 Sunday, fo that the office finifhes at cock-crow on Eafter 
 Day. Baptifm and the other inyfter4€s are celebrated^ 
 according to th^tradUioaqf the gofpeUndpf the !ipof-* 
 ties. #|''' •■ ■•■■ " \-':'^''-^ ;:■::,■ '^ " =■' 
 
 ** A'commqrtioration of thedcad is made, naming them 
 by their names, celebrating the prayer and the facrifice ; ^ 
 iporning prayers in the church are always with canticle* 
 and praifes, and evening prayers with pfalms. There * 
 are monks who dwell in cities^ and Tome who ^well ii* - 
 monafteries, far dittant from cities 5 fome, who wear4dng ' 
 hair through devotionv but that practice is not conforma- 
 ble to the precept 6f St. Paul ; theref ares many othe^par- -* 
 tkular devotions'^obferved in the church, as to abftairt 
 from the fteih of all forts^ of animals, from eggs, and ~N^ 
 from checfc J fome abftain frbm four-fbot^d animals, 
 others retrench fowl alfo, and fome retrench ey«|;^fifii,] 
 otherseggs^andfomccheefe, and, there arc fome), who 
 ' • r ' i ' Y ■ . ^ abftain' 
 
 .11 
 
 ■"■i , 
 
 t T^' ***. 
 
 / 
 
-IP " w.gjip'r-^-7'' 
 
 "^^^,,«'r 
 
 
 ' ^ tS^' 
 
 '■ 1- 
 
 abftaJu ffOHi bread and fruits, and eyery thing dreflet^ 
 at the fire ; njany . fleep , on the bar^ 'grqund, many go; 
 bare-fQ6|, fotne Wear a. hair cloth concealed; it is. indecent 
 t<xcxpo(e it to yieWvor to Carry a chain on the neck as»/ 
 foijie do. ' A great number abftain iroHi the "bath, and 
 
 ; fonnc,.having. renounced the world, invent Wple a^^f 
 
 ' e^fy mechanical arts to banifli idlenefc, and Jive ^hftut .- 
 
 .. heing expenfiVe to pth0rs. A great number a^re conci/ 
 TMiaUy employedja pfalmody, io.jg^ra^qr, ia reading oi> 
 reciting the fcripturesvi , - ' . 
 
 I^The c;itholie cburcji^ teaches to all^« fruits Of-hof})*^-, ,^ 
 liality, .of alms, and all works of charity towards others j; 
 ibe abftains from the couuf^niori ofallfeaaries, banifli^ 
 
 jl^ fornicatio^^adultery, ujicle^nneCi, idolatry, murder, 
 ai^d all forts # criti^ea, magic, aftrology, divinations^, 
 poifonings, enchantments, &c. ihe forbida the theatres, ' 
 h)^ races-, the combCts of bealls,' muficalfliowsy all fortsl 
 of flander, quarrels and difpu.tes, in}uftic6s, avarice,, 
 ufuijy ; . it does not approve traders^ places- them in thfe^ 
 
 , laft rank of all, auii does not receive the ofterings |)ut oC 
 tbofe, who live according to jufticc,*^ ' ; ^^ 
 
 What dt)es the Edinburgh caftigltt)r think of this pic^ 
 ture of th6 primitive thurch, c^i which Jie fays protef^. 
 atits have re-affumed the form ?. Can he difcover his. 
 new modelled church in thepidure ? !s there any one 
 
 , feature of refemblance \ The epicurean devotion, ofeat- 
 ing all ftirts of meat ir^difcriminately on alldays,^ was not 
 yet known ip the church ; nor was. that new modelled, 
 virtue, of propagating the hunian fpecies, a necelT^ry ac-. 
 compliih^ent in its minifters. Wh?t a. cKaloguc of 
 popilh fupcrftitigns, and unprofitable aufterities Epiphatik 
 
 'lis gives! /'-.^ - ,,y,r>.t^'i ^.■^-,.,vii,--^ ^ • \- -'' . 
 ^ In the fame page, 170, the cafti^ator cites along- 
 paflage from Paul -s epiftle to tJie Romini ±i, the cos- 
 cjufion of^'hich, "thou alfo fliall t)c cut off," he ap 
 
 r: 
 
 "pIcrtu^tTie"R^)an~Pi¥rcIi^¥e m^^^^^ to ^hform hisT 
 
 Headers that the apoftle did not addrefa tWfe Words to- 
 \h% Jloman church, on to any other church ; but tou.the 
 
 ' '< : , ." . , • > • • . Gentile 
 
 ^r3,v 
 
 .■V- 'Vl 
 
48; 
 
 trentlle coovetrs, who prefei-red thbmfelvis to tlitf jews j 
 in ^thc.preccdi'rfg chapter the ^ofUe had c6ri:c6led a pre- 
 vailing error aniongft the Jews, whd* preferred themfelvea 
 to the Gentiles, and thought the promifed Salvation con- 
 fined to themfdves ; he had flicwn them from Ihc pr(V 
 ph6ts, that the vocation of the Gentiles had-been predict- 
 ed ; that' the Jew and the Greek are equally j|iftified by 
 ^ith' in- Jefus Chrift, n^t by the works of the Jeyrifh 
 iaw ; inthe nth chapter he correi6ts the prefti^pdort 
 ofth^ Geiftiles, who thought- that tljc Jews had been 
 Tcprobatedj ^and they, themTelves fubftituted, '*- Has' 
 Ood,^fays^thc apoille, *^caft away his peopkrl God for- 
 hidr for I am myfelf an IfraclUe of the •feed of Abra- 
 ham; of the tribe of Benjamintn^ . . . #fpeak to yoit.. 
 
 Gentijcs i if fome of the branches be broken off, 
 
 and thou being a. wild blivc wert jgr^ftcd ip^* among^ 
 them, and with them par takeft oflhe„root andfatnefs 
 of tjhc olive tree, boaft not agaUift th^-br%nches ; but if/ 
 
 . th<Hi boaft, t*h©u beareft not the roof, but the root tli^. 
 Thou wilt fay tfcen : thcNbranchcs wete broken off t^i'at I 
 might be gifted in. Well, becaiife of ^ incredulity' they 
 were broken orf", and thod fiandeft by faith. B^^^otJWgh 
 riiinded but fear : for if God fparedf not ..tie ^^^tural 
 branches, perhaps he would not fpare ,jt6e^V behold, , 
 therefore, the goodnefs and fe verity t)f ^d ; fevetity on 
 them who fell, but goodnefs towards, .we, rf thou ton- 
 tinue k goodnefs, i/not thoualfo %i0he cut off^ and they 
 alfo if th^y do not perlift in incredulity will be grafted in : 
 for God is ab^e lo graft thcp»^ in again."' Who woald' 
 imagine that the menace,,.-^^ thou al/owHt be cut off**' was 
 addreffed to the Ghurph of Rome or to any other Church, 
 if thjA caftigator V^miliaf fpirit had not difc^ered it ? 
 A.plj^in man as^ouW ipply the menace to himfelf, and 
 fVom it conclude the neCeffity of working his falvation 
 with fear an dTtrenifalingj a dodrine which the apoftle^ 
 iejLches with great precifion in his epiftle to the Philippi- 
 cs, ii,l3—;** Wherefore, my beloved, ^s you ha^e always 
 
 -^eyed me, not only when prcfent, Biit much more now 
 ' ;, - • •^: ■ ."■ ■ ^^ _ \ .• - ^'■- • • whea,' 
 
 J? 
 / .■el 
 
 C'i^Cl«^/^^*■ 
 
1 ' ," - 
 
 -f 
 
 ^r 
 
 A. 
 
 ^hen abfeiU, wiihfiar (tndir^mhUngii^rk yourjahatim-^ 
 
 tnefa phfibot^ kaf tromou ten eautm Jotermn kateriaxe/ihe^ 
 
 ^ In the paffage garUe^ by the caftigator, and the tQ^^ 
 
 tp^t, which deternjincs tife fenfe, artfully omitted, the 
 
 a|)oftlc^ fo far from menacing the church with ruin* th* 
 
 -fjrefslyteachcsits perpetual ftal:)jiity:- tUough many bran* 
 
 ches ?trpjoccafionally brokeaoff, and otH^r^ engrafted a*. „, 
 
 mongft the remaining branches* the ilpcfcuerpains entire^ 
 
 Jind wili continue Entire until th0 cojvfumraation ; the 
 
 , apoftle cpptinues fpeaking to<the con vertj from the hea- 
 
 jthen nations ; . ?' For if thipu wert cut out of the olive 
 
 tree, which 1$ by nature wild, and wert grafted contrary 
 
 to nature into a good Qliyj}tr«e, how much more fhall 
 
 ihey, who arp according .to nature, be cngraftc<3 in their 
 
 . own oHve tree ? For I would not, brethren, ha^c you 
 
 not know i,his ittyftery, (that you be not wife in your- 
 
 felves) that Mindncfs, in part is effeaed in Ifrael^jintil the 
 
 ^ plenitude of ^ati6ns come in, and (o all Ifrael fliaU be fav. 
 
 cd** — xi, 24-25. The ftock, therefore, if we believe the 
 
 apoftle, will continue entire until the Jews s^re engi:afted, 
 
 aftcrthe plenitude of nations fife come in. Quere : doSI 
 
 this Edinburgh Caftigator think, ^hat the plenitude of 
 
 nations are, have been, or ever will be, within the pale of 
 
 his little church ? If not, it is aot that ftpck of whi^h the 
 
 apoftle fpeaks. ^ ^ 
 
 He then proceeds to tranfcribe, from his repertory, 
 extracts, gar'bled from the works of incorrc^ or fanatical 
 writers, which have been cenfured.by the church, *mongft " 
 thti£^ we find Occam, a f^atical admirer of Lewis of 
 Bavaria, cenfuredfor his extravagant opinions, which, 
 however, he retraced, and was# in corjfcquence, abfolvcd 
 from ccnlurcs— lee his life, Hift. de Gran. And Weflclus, 
 Luther's precurfor, whofe works were burned. Of this 
 la^ writer, the caftigator fays, with his accuftomed vera- 
 cit y ; *' am a H j Aihly eJikmsdJnJktXikurch ef Rome**'^^ , 
 18 a. So highly efteemcd that his works were burned by 
 the -common hangman— »fcc his hiftory, ilfid. The rav- 
 ings of ihefe men, fitnilar to his uwo^ the caftigator gives 
 ,:■:, ■''• . '■■'''.' " " ■• ' his 
 
 v;«b£«j£, s'Juiljt-i-v.'i.', ^i,.-..Sti 
 
f' 
 
 iiis readers, is do^rines taught in the church of Roitie»\ 
 As their errors wcfc refuted long before the caftigato^ 
 was born the writer paffes them unnoticed. He thcil - 
 gives, what he callg, fpeciniens of morality taught iii 
 the church of Rome. It isamufingto hear a mart 
 fpealc of morality \«^o tells his readers thjit tbey may Be 
 Saints of God though conjideroblyinihlved in tbi pottuHent if, 
 Sin. However, thefe fpeciniens, which hfe gives, arc doc- 
 trines condemned by the chiif ch of Rome, ^hich ht im* 
 pudently calumniates, the author bf his repertory found 
 fhem not in the works of thefe voluminous writersi 
 which, in ill aMJcairance, he neVer read, but iii the ccn- 
 fure .which iflmvays paffed on the extravagant opinion^ 
 of catholic i^^rriters by the church of Rome, is liiodcra 
 fccptics find the objedions, which thfey prOpofe againft 
 different paflages of fcriptUre, not in the >fcriptures, o£ 
 which they know nothing, but in the works df chriftiatt 
 writers, who accurately difcufs illl feeming c^flicultie^ 
 in order to elucidate this truth : our ckftigat6r, not fo 
 cautious as hi^ brethren, modern Ibeptics^iiiadvertcntiy" 
 refutes himfelf ] that many individuals of the Romifh 
 Communion, have exalted dotiOns of the prece'^s ofrei 
 ligion, p. i86. If he could difmifa that lying fpirit 
 which mifleads him* and confult common fenfe, he would 
 have known that all the individuals, who compofe that 
 immenfe body the catholic church, or, as he calls it> tht 
 Romifh church, learn, the maaiims of morality Is well 
 as the doclrine9X)f faith from their paftbrs, whofe oC 
 kial duty it is to explain them, as this c^tftigator's congre^ 
 gation iear« Calvin's opinions from his inllrudions. If 
 therefore they have pure and exalted views of the prc« 
 cepts of religion* it is becaufe the maxims of morality 
 taught in the church are pure and exalted. The man 
 who aflferts the contrary docs not know the morality ti 
 the church,~oFficUoc8 norknow^theiruth. ™-= 
 
 Page 187, contains a greater number of groutldleff 
 affertions than the writer remembers to have fefcn 
 crowded into the fame fpacc, fomc arc impudently ca- 
 
 M m lumi^ps 
 
 y 
 

 ago 
 
 lumjiiotis, as that Libcrius declared hinifelf an Ariah» 
 /nd curfed-the doarinc of the fcripturcs> with fomeo* 
 thcrs,, which have been alfeady refuted. As they are all 
 niere vague affertionS, without i fliaddw of proofj they 
 are paffed unnoticed. 
 
 W This Edinbijrgh icaftigator fcems to think, con fidetice 
 •in affcrtion, a fubftitutc to truth. Theinfallibility of dc 
 cffion, which he denies to tfie church of Jefiia Chrift, 
 he aflumes, modelty is not in the catalogue of new mo- 
 fieUcd virtues : it is the accompaninvent of real fcicnce, 
 the irreconcilealSle enemy of affuming ignorance ; hence 
 we find truth diminifti in the caftigator's affertions, in 
 proportion as his confidence fwcUs, as if it fled from 
 arrogance : *' the fathers/* he fays, p. i88, " were utter 
 ftrangersto the [^retenfions of the Romifh church, and 
 l^newof noinfalliUiiity beyond the tettimony of God iii 
 the fcriptures." The fit hers, it is true, believed no rfe. 
 yealed truths but on the teftimony of God, as wc cathb* 
 lies do now. This is an invariable rule, but that theft 
 truths were atteftcd by God, they believed on the tefti- 
 mony of his churchy as we do, this rule is equally inva» 
 riablc : for the father* were not all itninediatcly infpired, 
 nor had they our caftigator's fpirit of divination to inftruft 
 theni. If by the prctenfions of tlic Romifli church, the 
 " dodfineof infallibility, of iodcfcaibility, and perpetual 
 vifibi^ty, be undcrftood, the fathers were notftrangers to 
 thefe pretcnfions ; they knew them, and if the caftigator 
 does npt know this, it is becaufe he knows^ nothing of 
 the work) of ttcfc venerable writers but the few garbled 
 entrails, which are found in lllyricus* CatalogmofWitmJa, 
 Afluniing the vifibiUt^_jjthc veiacity and tlie univerfality, 
 ofthc church ai a prtnctplebf proofs St. AulHn demon- 
 iirates the truth of the (jhriftian religion. Does the caf- 
 tigator think Hiis father was an utter ftranger to a doc- 
 
 we fay to a heathen, believe Jcfus ChriU becaufe he is 
 Ood, and he replies: why believe hxtR ? when wc pro. 
 4ucp the atKthQfity of the prophets. } . smd he fays that 
 
 he 
 
 J ... • ■ ., . 
 

 ;*#" ' 
 
 %^i 
 
 rdoes not beiieve them, becaufc they are H€bre#$ 
 and he a Heathen. From the future events, which they 
 foretold, and are now feen to have happened, we fiiew 
 ^He ver^ieity of the prophets. 1 belicye he would be 
 moved when he would hear many things from the 
 prophets .... when h^ would fee the kings of the eartli 
 advantageoufly fubjc<5t to Chrift's domibion, and all na- 
 tions feriing him } when what has been fo long ago 
 foretold, is read to him from Ps. Ixxi. ii, all the kings 
 of the earth (h^U adoreiiim, all nai'ms Jhall ferve him »•..., 
 When he cOnfidcrs w^at things are there foretold of 
 Chrift, andtvhat (ij^ his church, and fees fuHilkdiiithc 
 whole world, what he there read foretold/* — Lib. 13; 
 Cont. Faus^ Ca. 7. But if this Heathen be moved that 
 they who are called Chriftians are divided into many 
 different fee>s ; we Ihew that even this has not been o- 
 mitted by the prophets, — Cap. 12. 
 
 If he fliould fay, and enquire as one, whom w^ catq- ' 
 chife, by what manifctt fign, (hall I, as yet a child* and 
 ttnablc to diftinguifti clear tiuth from fo many errors ; , 
 by what manifeft iigh fhall i hold the Church of Chrift ? 
 The prophet teaches him that, ihat is the Church of Chrift 
 predi^gd, whkhjhoivs i I felf above-all others and appears . . . . 
 as it is the .city built on the mountain, what mountain 
 if not that,' which according to the prophecy of Daniel 
 ii, 35, from ^ little ftone in creafcd, and is become a great 
 mountain To that it fills the whole earth, Cap> 13, arid, 
 in his book on ihe belief of thiftgs which are not feen, 
 Aullin fays : " they arc greatly deceived \^i^o think that - 
 ^t believe in Chrift withput affurances : f^ what affuran-^ 
 CCS can bp more evident than thefe, whicRrfwe fee fore- 
 told and fulfilled, you, then, who think there we not af- 
 furances why you ougjht to beliew of Chtift things which 
 you have not feen, attend lo what you fee. Behold in Chrift^ 
 that l!^^rtl4}e fifed of Abraham^ all HStioH s are blepdy yptt* 
 fee it and ar« amazed," cap, 3. n. 5. He adds, cop'^f^ 
 n, 7, attend to me, the churdi fays to you (the Hcatht - 
 cns;) attend to mc, whom you (cc, though you be unwil- 
 
 •» 
 
 »: . r 
 
 -"S* 
 
 -■'Ji." 
 
99^ -: 
 
 Jing to fee : the faithftil who were in thcland pf Jude;^, 
 then prcfent, learned' the fafts which then happened, th^ 
 wonderful Nativity, the JPaffion, the Refurreaiion, the 
 Afcenfion of Chrifti all \\h divine; words and ad^ion^. 
 Thefc things you haye not feen, and therefore you refufe 
 to believe. J^u^ look on this; refled on >vhat you fee, 
 not on what you ar<; toldirpjrft,oroniyhatyou are 
 (or^warncd i» to (X)n)e, but ot\ what is now fljcwn pre- 
 ic^t. . .., fou have not {cen what is predicted, (Ifaiah 
 
 yii. 14) ' Beboid a 1(/rgin w^/ conceive and kring forth a 
 Son ;'^ but you fee ^hat was predicted to Abraham, 
 (Gen. x?ii. 18) the vjrord.of God, and fuifilled " ;» thy 
 feed all nations JhffiUbi hlejid ; you have not feen what was^ 
 prcdided of the wonderful worVs of Chrift,-7Ps. xlv, 9, 
 •* Come and/ee ibe works ^ the Lordy the prodigies which 
 hebas placed ^n the-enrib^ but you ice what was predicted, 
 (ft. ii^ 7-8) " the Lord Jaidjo me, thou art my ^m ...... 
 
 A^thou ofme^ and I will give thee nations an in her it an cct and 
 Ike bounds of the earth a poffsjfton** , Allthc myfteries of re- 
 Hgion, as well the paft, that is^the Birth, the Pcath, 
 the Refurrcdtion and Afcenfion of Chrift, a$ the fy ture, 
 that is, the laft Judgment, the Refurrcaiiop of the Dead, 
 the Pains of the Damned^ and the Qlory Of the Juft, 
 St. Auftin dcmpnftrates to theiicathens on this one prin. 
 ciple; that thefe myfteries. are predicted in t>e fame fcrip- 
 tires, in which the church is prcdiatd, catholic, vifi: 
 bje. and perpetually exifting, iind is thcfe predidions 0^ 
 the church, arc undeniably verified, he concludes that 
 the other myfteri?s arc equally true. Thus he pro. 
 cceds ia his demonftration, Ch. 5, n. 8 : " As the 
 intentions of friends ^hich cannot be feen are be- 
 lieved on the figns whi^h indicate them, fo the church, 
 n^Uch is now fem^ of all thofc thing!), which are not 
 feen, but are flicwn prfedi^ed in the fame writings 
 .^wlucK the church is itfclf prcdi ^ cd, ia the index, 
 of the paft, and fore- teller. pf the future." St. Auftin's 
 argument is now, as it was then, of irrefiftible force. If 
 M^:c. believe this Edinburgh Caftigator, he, and all the Fa* 
 »*.^ ^^ thcrs 
 
 ' .dfeiyR. ■.•>.■ 
 

 thers T^rc utter ffrang^Sry to thefc-pretenfions .ef tlie 
 church. How miferably his fpirit of divinition deceives 
 tjiis caftigating paftor ! St. Auftin was no ftranger to t^e 
 pretenrioDS even of h\3 new-modellcd church : there were 
 many of them in his days, and he knew how tp diftiriguiih 
 theip froin l;.he Church of Chrift,on the ftability and uni- 
 ycrfality of ^hich he founded his demonftraiioh of 
 chriftianity againft the heathens. His difcourfe on pallors 
 U now before th« writerjrom it he makes a few extra<?ls 
 for the fati^fadion'of this caftigating paftor— the venera- 
 \i\e prelate cites thefe words from Ezekiel xxxiv: "My 
 ilieep ftray on every mountain, and on every elevated 
 bill, and on the face of the whole earth niy flicep are 
 fcattcrcd." from thefe he concludes : " the fheep are 
 {Iraying on the whole face of the eafth, not that 12// 
 JeSlar'm arc on the whole face of the earth, but yet there 
 ^xt'Je^aries on the ^hole face of the earth -.Jome hare^/ome 
 there, from ijo plafce ar« ,they excluded* they ' do^ not 
 know each the other. I'herc is one fe6t in Africa, ano- 
 ther in the Eait, one in Egypt, another in Mefpotamia, 
 for inftancc^in different places, they are difFerent, but 
 it is the fame mother Pride, which brought forth thenj 
 ail. as it is-our one Catholi^ mother, which gives bir.th 
 to all Chriftianft difperfed in the whole world : it is 
 not furprifing that, pride fliould give birth to diffention, 
 and charity to union, yet the Catholic mother, and 
 the great paftor, by her miniftry, e^very where feeks the 
 wandering fbeej* ; ftrcngthens the ^eAk ; cures the lan- 
 guid ; binds up the broken, fome fronri thefe, fome, from 
 thofe, wlio do not know each the other, but the catho- 
 lic mother knows them all, becaufe (he is »difFu(ed with- 
 them all. Thus, for inftance : the fed of Donatus is in 
 Africa, the Euoomians are not in Africa, but the eathoUd 
 mother is-herc ; the Eunomians arc in thcEafti the feft 
 nf Hnn qti i* is not thffte ^ but the c a tho)ic chufch is t h ere 
 with the Eunomians, the catholic church, is like the vin/B 
 encreafmg, in all places diffufcd, they, are like the ufcleft 
 branches lopped off" by the cultivitor's pruning knifei- 
 
4^4 
 
 
 m amount of the^r barrcnocfs, that the vine may be cka^ 
 ,c4, nat that it might be cut down. Where thefe branches 
 are lopped there they reiijain, but the vine knows it& 
 4)wn branches, which remain in it, and the braoches 
 lopped off, which remain by it, (rom thence fee reeal*. 
 the wandering ; becaufc, of thefe broken branches^ ^fays 
 jthe apoftle, God is able to engraft them again |^ whether 
 you fay flieepftrayingfrom the flock, or branches lop- 
 r ped from the vine ; for God is not kh capable of re- 
 calling thc-ftraying flieep, than of engrafting again the 
 ^t)ppcd branches, becaufe^eia the chief fhepherd and the 
 fovereign cultivator.'^ 
 
 After fomc fevere flri<Ei;ures on thefe paftors^ through, 
 wliofe neglect the {beep ft ray from the fold, and on. 
 thefe, who neglccl to recall the ftray (heep, Auftin fays : 
 ♦*^if a bifliqip, conftituted in the Catholic church, does 
 ; fiot give a good account of the fhecp, when he does 
 not recall one, that flirays fron\ the 4ock af God, what 
 account will the AcathoHc give, wl^o not only does 
 pot recall from, error, but forces the ftiecp into it ?*' 
 
 As the Donatifts, againft whom St.> Auftin reafoned 
 more particularly, pretended that the facraments. were 
 i>qt validly adminiftcred but by paftors exempt from fin, 
 he proves both from the old and new teftament that it is ^ 
 Chrift himfelf, who feeds his flock by the miniftry of 
 'their paftors, of courfe that the validity of the facra- 
 ments is totally independent on the good or bad quali- 
 ties, the virtues or the vices of the miniilers. The Lord 
 feys by the prophet Ezekiel, xxxjv, i6 : " Behold I ia 
 the pajiors^andl will Jeek my Jhgep from their hands, and I 
 %t;ill make them to cedje from feeding the fheep*^ Auftiii 
 >;?emark8, that when God faid he would difniifs the paf- 
 tors of the lewifh church from the care of his flock, re- 
 proaching thcih with their negle<5^, he did not fay '. " I 
 will confti'tute other good ( hepherds, wh o will ; 
 thefe d» ties, which you have omitted ; but he fays : I 
 wyfelf will feed my (beep: I will commit them to no 
 <;ither : j^ou my brethren, you tije (heep are Mc, we 
 \W\ , ■. . ; . .v'i'! ' '(the 
 
 .Jisi 
 

 495 
 
 (the IhepHerds) may huvc fome teafon to for.** Froiil 
 the old tel^ament Auftin defccnds to the new : he cites 
 thefe words frpm John x. 27. " The fiieep* which arc 
 mine, heai^ Kly voice, and follow me." ^ Here, continues 
 Auftin, I find all gbod paftorS in one paftdr, not that good 
 paftors arei wanted, but they are in One> they whb 
 are divided are many, but here one is announced bc- 
 caufe unity is recommended. The paftors are not un- 
 noticed, atid one paftor only mentioned, becaufe the 
 Lord does notfind a pprfon, to whom he- Wuld entruftt 
 his flieep, and then entrufted them, becaufe be found 
 Peter, in Peter himfelf he recommends unity : thereJ 
 werematiy apoftles, to one only is faid : feed my ftieep* 
 Far be it from us to thitilct%t there are no good paftoirJi 
 now ; far be it from u$ ; far'bc it from tlie/mercy of him 
 Who begets and conftitutcs, them. Ifl; there be good 
 flieep there arr alfo good flifcpherds, for of the good 
 ftiecp, the good flicpherds are made ; but all good fhep- 
 herds are in one, are one unum fuM, they feed, Chrift 
 feeds, the friends of the bridegroom, do not fpeak their 
 own word : they rejoice becaufe of the voice of the 
 bridegroom. He himfelf then feeds when they feed. 
 He fays : //««/, becaufe in them is his *vrord, in them ift 
 hisiharity, and Peter hvmfelf, to whom he entrufted his 
 flicep, as one to another " qmft alter alieri**\e willed to 
 , make one with himfelf, that he ntight thus entruft his 
 flicep to him ; that he might be the l^d» that h^ might 
 bear the figure of the ichurch, and that, as the bride- 
 groom and the fpoufe, they might be tWo in one defli 
 
 ; Let them (the Donatitls) fpeak their own 
 
 Word ; jet us fee if it be the word of Chrift ; if it be the 
 voice of the ftiepherd, whom the iheep follow ; whether 
 the word be fpoken by a good^in, or -a bad man, is it 
 the word of Ghrlft ? The ftray flieep fecks the fold. You 
 
 lay X tic C nii rC n IS ox t RC p«r % y ^rr - jl^t/ilisuuo^ *— waii^ *iiw 
 
 word of the fliepherd. Read me this from the prophet, 
 from the pfalm, from the law, froni the gofpel, from the 
 apoftlc : from all tlicfc I read 't In, church diffujed all oyk- 
 
 V 
 
 tht 
 
 
ig6 
 
 fc,«A 
 
 !>' 
 
 fbe wdrldj and the Lord faying, the Jheep, which are mine) 
 hearmyvolcei and follow mi. What is the voi<^e of the 
 . fiiepherd ? " Xhere poill be preached in bis name Repentance 
 and remijjion Q/Jlm through all nations t beginning froi^ Jeruja* 
 ibffi, Luke xxiy. Th|s is the voice of the ihcphdrd j at- 
 tend to it, an 4 folio jv it, if you be a flifccp." 
 
 TheDonatifts aflfeclcdto juftify their fchifmi on the 
 preiencei that the Of dlnation of Gccilian, bifhop of Car- 
 thagej was iiuU, he^aufe he had been ordained by Felixi 
 bifhop of Aptung, ^^ho had, as they pretended, given up 
 the fcriplure^ in thp^ perfccutton ;- aiid id- the Roman 
 pontitf Mclchiades, or, as he is fometinres called, Milti- 
 ades, had. in a council at Rome, declared the ordination 
 of Cecilian valid, %^ithout inquiring whether Felix had, 
 or had not given ijip the fcfipture?, a queftroh of fad^ 
 difficult, if not impoffibfe to determine ; the Donatifts 
 ieparated themij&lve$ from the commuhionof the pope^' 
 and o£ the catholic church, wliich he then governed ; to 
 fliew the fpUy of this pretence, St. Auftin continues : 
 ** But thefe mea gave up the books j and thofe again 
 offered incenfe to idols ; this man, and that man y what 
 do you tell me of this man and that man ? If they done 
 fo, they are not paftors ; but let me hear the voice of the 
 ihepherd» you do not fpeak the word of theflicphcrd of 
 thefcmeniyou neither produce the gofpel, nor the 
 prophet, nor the apoftle, who fpeaks of this> or that 
 man> thefe I believe of him ; others I do not iwHevef. 
 You produce ads, (the depofitions . of witneffes againft 
 Cecilian) fo do I, (depofitions in his favour) let us be- 
 lieve yours J do you believe mine ; I do not belive your's ^ 
 do not you believe mine ; kt thefe papers ^e. remov- 
 ed; let ^ us hear the Divine words, produce tne one 
 word of fcripturcfor the party of Donatus j hear innu- 
 merable for the whoic world* Who can ennumerate 
 thenai liowcv^v^g^^>^^'^^g^^*te.-a^fcw 1 tj^ 
 venant of Gdd '> *' in thy feed Jhall all nations be bUffed 
 t-(Gcn. Jtxii,. i8) ; in the Pfalm (ii. 8) ajh thou of me 
 mnd J will give tbee nations thy inhtritanctt and thy pojeffion 
 , . the 
 
?f97 
 
 \he bohndaria otihe €arth\ all thi exirmilm^ibvMh 
 ivill remember and will Mc converted to the l4pr.d:(1?8, x^ 
 28 ;) and all the kindreds of nationtriti'dl' adort in hit fr^] 
 
 I jme J for the kingdom is the LordU^ and he ■_ wjlJ reign wflj^j 
 natim'—(ibid;)^ngtQtkfl,ordane%tffong^kt the whi^ 
 
 \ earth fng to th^ Lord-^(Ps. xqy^ i ;) a«^ all kings JhaUi 
 adore him ; all nations Jhall firve him-^?^, Ixxi, li^) W|i^ 
 
 I is able to enqmeraic them ali ? Almoft every page foundai* 
 nothing elfe but Chrift apd his ^ib»^ch diffufedm th^^i 
 whole world. Let 4ns now have one word producedlT 
 for thepariy ofDonatus, 4s it a great thing, which l|, 
 afk ? They fay the church diffufed in the world is tct: 
 pcrifli. Is it to pcrifli by fa many teftimonies prcdictedi 
 to continue ? That word is not from the law, norfrom^ 
 the prophets, nor from the canticles of the (hephcrd|- 
 hear the voicq of the word (Jcfus Ghrift} from the moutlt" 
 of the word (of Jefus Chrift,) admiring the faith of the' t 
 Centurion, he (aid : ^^ If af unto you I have not^ found fs 
 
 ^ircat faith in j/rael i wherefore I fay untd you that many will 
 erne from the Eaft^ ati^^firom the Wefly mid fit down with 
 Abraham^ Jfaac and Jacob in the kingdom of Hedven''-^^ Luk& 
 xiii, ^9.) From the Eaft many^ ^i\d' from the .Weft 
 many : behold the church of Chrift ! Behold the flock of 
 Chrift { See if you be a flieep, the flock, which is every 
 where, cannot be concealed frpin you j you will have no 
 reply to make to your Judge, whom you do not defire ta 
 be your Shepherd^ yoii will,. I fay, have nothing to rei 
 ply, I did not know, 1 did not' fee, I did not hcaf.^ 
 Why is it that you ^id not know ? There is np one; who 
 
 , conqcalshimfelf from his heat. Why isitthatyou didnot 
 fee ? All the boundaries of the earth have feen the falva- 
 tion of our God. Why ii it that you did not hear f 
 Their found is gome outinto the whole e^irth |' ftnd their 
 nu ll III ( l| |^ iii i i i iiiiii M |fclln I iiih" 
 
 What does ouif Edinburgh caftigator thitfk of this f56|^i 
 \kmg I. Is it cijnclufive ? Oc is it "not ? If it Jfee, what '# 
 I^Uncholy profpccl bcfoni him ! If it be Hot, theirvis 
 ^p Uulfelu qmk * fpr j»cycr,jwa* iwafrmRg of B&owi .ir^ 
 
 '^^. ^--v.^ .. :...:L-.iii^:,,.JLAkv,^. • refiftiblc. 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Kt-tv. *.- ' ^J^ 
 
^■■>H 
 
 fflf- 
 
 P I 
 
 ••: ' 298 
 
 iiff#>^l^<V>rcc; mort iwprcffine <fvtdcncc, or mot^tutii. 
 1i#l'4!iy a^plieaMe. The caftigator fays this pope was a 
 Wifked man ; that other ptvpe curfed the doflrinc of 
 tli> feripturcs; the popifli clergy tre corrupt ; papifts 
 difr^gard oath^, &c. To aU thcfii iecufations Aullin 
 r^pifcs : is that the voice of the (hcpherd', wbotii the 
 fllft()folk)W?lft what book oltheicriptures doyou read it ? 
 T&is is the Voice of the.flicpherd 1 ** «% your ^uidts and 
 fie/ubJifSf t^themtfir theyixtatch over your fouls as being to^ 
 mve an tfrfw«l,^^-^Heb. iiu, 17. Theft virulent^n vec- 
 ttves^ with wHkh the caftJgator feeds his fliick, arc^not 
 found in the fcriptures^ ; they are his own Words, not 
 the Voice of the fliepherd, who fey s : ** the Jheep, which 
 ju^'mkte^ heat my voice ^ and follow me/* -^Johnx^-^^ce 
 jSt5 Aiiftin's reply to the aecufations ^ againft the popes 
 Mai-ccHi^ius^ Marcellus.Sylvcfter, Metehiadcs, &c.— Re^ 
 
 '-Vie.w, p 74« ■ . ' ♦ - . ■ 
 
 *^ In paffage* which Be cUea from Athahafius, Auftih, 
 
 and Jnroift, «i? rather which he tranfcribes from htb r^ 
 
 " pert'ory, ^ t4ie taftigator*s fpirit of divination difcovers 
 
 'that thcfe Fatiidrs, knew nothing of the infallibility of 
 
 the church. 'AthanaliAJS fays, wlrat no Catholic ever de- 
 
 iiicdpr doulyted, ** thatwe ought to pray for tH^ fpirit 
 
 of diftretioii* that every one may know what to receive 
 
 apd what ta r<^eA : a faithful difei pie of the g ifpel i> 
 
 able ta diRinguifli beiireeti truth and pretence, beearufe 
 
 he had the 9g\nt 6f difcerning, but the fia* pie is carried 
 
 away by every colour,"' What then i h it not thef^fpitit 
 
 ^fdifbfeiioa, which enables the illiterate mechanic to 
 
 /dillihgidfli. between the true paftor bf the church, from 
 
 whom he learns the truth, af||^ who feeds him with the 
 
 'Vorrf^ofChriftf froni the fa4fe teacher, from whom he 
 
 tiftars nothing butvpretence, aiftd who feeds hini withhil 
 
 own wordB, as- tha eaftlptor-amHiiy^affneiatw feed chclt 
 
 lilfci^ples will* thfr tales of wicked popes, and wicked bi- 
 
 ^Ihops, &c of which there is not a wOrd in the fcnp- 
 
 ^ures. ,ls it not to prevent the fimple frpm being carried 
 
 -ftw»y^ by t^9tf mkuTi ot> as St« Paul expre&t h« Wi 
 
 evcrj 
 
^t.'-» 
 
 •9^ 
 
 eyery • wwirf of ddAriae, thajt Chrlff gi««t paftorf «\d 
 fcachdrs to his church ? iph< iv. Aihai\^(ius Wey^ 
 th« chufch infalUWe in her doarinal 4e4fr?n», W cH^ , 
 Auftln andjerom, as all CatMks do> swid alWaypdid"| 
 in Im letter ta E|ii<actHs, died. by Jipiph<HM;\i9t^|i«t 
 77, M^prciled: nj* Curjwife that Xmiy wuuld mov«5 angr 
 qaftftioi^ pa lonatteFjl d^qided i»^th© Gouncii QCJ^iQe> 
 Ihe degrees «if wihipt(f(K)uld no^be changed wftho^t 
 irror^i si,i|d la htf treajtife on Spodsv Hying fe^!^^ .^hj* 
 the Synods of Selncia^ and Rimini Ijaid t>C^n ajjcuc^bled by 
 the intriguea,of the Arians, under prcjen<i$x^ ^t^blHhin|| 
 the faith of Jeftis Ch.inft»bnti« reality, icvpicider. tOifiO^^^^ 
 vert th<? definition of the Conn ncU of l^ice, atieti^rhicli 
 ^ere is. nothing mor* to/be cxailwned* He thefeforjji. 
 thought tl^e decjfion.Qf liice final, ofliifaJ4iblcA«thorityi. 
 other wifp it ^onki hay-e Wen fi|bje6;i to, ex^tfwfMition f 
 apd AuftiAfaya, %* 1.6^, thai th^ Uft judgftmvt of. thg^, 
 church h a gcn^sral council. T^he catti^tor fiiidsin hiit 
 repertory a garbled paflaj^e from Apflin^s works > whick 
 in the fcn^ i^itended by that ptelafe is ttri^ty tru?, bu% 
 no naore to ^i^ caftigator** purpo^ thi^i the former^ 
 *' the church/^ feya Auftin," ought not to ^^therfetfi 
 above Chcift, [who ever doubted it PJ for- he ai way$r 
 j«idgf5$ a^rding to (ri^lh,^ butrecde%ii^| j)^gci« be« 
 ing i^en, are fi^^endy miftali;cn/^ Xhe 4af|igat(pr*^ 
 ^ffiiliar fpirit foi^got to ii^fbrm hini» tl^at St, ^uftin dSd^ 
 Ubt fpeaW of d^rinal'djBcifionSfrbut c^,^erfpn\t criiii€t|L' 
 which are pipvcd by ehe d^poittioiii ol^^witgricfe, t^f 
 truth or faldi^kod of which, ia^n^i^ nor t^nnot be knpw^. 
 to the ccclffiaftical Judge; "inint thi^ cenftir;;,'* cdlN' 
 tinues the caftigatpr, pu t^S^ ^* AuiCktiv. does not eve^- 
 (jccliide general coiinciis,"'^ aor doa thi» writer ; ibrii^^ 
 ^rfona} crimes, fu<:h, as thjefe^then in difpute, whether*: 
 Felix of Aptungt or CpciUan o£ Carthage^ or cv«n thB-* 
 pogp Meliphiad^s had given up the fcripturea or noc^ tlie- 
 
 -,-, — ^ ,^ — _, — ,_ — ^-. — ,^_.^^-,^ ._^^ ._ _, _ , , . ^ 
 
 ^^Ircady affign^d* fuch fa^ arc no parts of the depofite * 
 
 of faith y BO part of.that do^tfiaw, witik i^duch -Chrift ' 
 
 M 
 
 

 .. I'-; 
 
 '!'m» 
 
 ' ^v»Joc 
 
 
 ^ *¥^ds hSs fl*«f> By the miMfy dfhfg church : no Catho- 
 lie It obliged to know that over Aich men exifted ; but 
 '^(j^lin St^^uftln fpeaks Qf-dbafrjnat decifions, he^fays the 
 jodgment of a general coulircii% theiift;:it i$ -fubjcft to 
 tm change. Thus, in,iiis 3d. B; agalnft Maximinus, cap. 
 ;|,4f he fays : " this i» thaft '^ homoaujony'f *c(mfubfta^tialkf ) 
 <#hich, in the dOtincil of Nicci againft the Ariaq; heretics, 
 -wasi by the catholic fathers, confirmed by ^^ttj^^Wau- 
 ^riry, and the authority0^ truih.^^ ^^^^^i^^^^^m^ it 
 "believed that t he decifion of a gcrterail W^Ii^^ any 
 ^od^riiial qircftion, was final and|of Jl|ifalhW?^uthority, 
 that it wa« infcrted amongft the It^PSft the i' empire by 
 tiie emperor Martianufe. L. fi^mo, C: dffwrmatnmtate 
 ^Jde cqthoiicai The caftigator inadvertently informs 
 his difciples tlwt in the primitive cbriftian church there 
 were ccclefiaftical Judges ; thefe ecclefiaftics were vefted 
 with fome Spiritual authority; they exercifed Q>me fpiri- 
 tual Jurifdidion : for a Judge without autjiority. or 
 >iyfcHdn is aa exotick ; it nvay perhaps be found . 
 ia%e regions < of new modelled fancy. I%>it a diriftian 
 cKjirch inyirhic;^ there is no ecclefiaftical Judge ? no fpi- 
 riitual authority or jurifdiaion I The caitigator,- ,whp is 
 i^ver weq:ry of tranfcribJri,^^ adds another paflkge from St. . 
 Aufliii; Hv?«^hich that Father fays, V that he learned to 
 pay that deference to t;hr'c)anotiici4 fcr^ptures of believing 
 their authors to ha^ erred in nothing ; but others, 
 thcxtt^h ever fo ^g^^'"^li^^j|3^> he rjttd fof ^ot to take 
 anf^ing to be tru|amB|they p^of that opinion, 
 but becaufe they; jprov^^ by i^fon or fcriptttre.*' What 
 i$ this tq the purpofe ? Who ever thought any writer, 
 npt divinely infpired, ihfaUii>le ? Though we, catholics, 
 pj^ the greateft deference to Auftin's authority, we" do 
 jiftfhbejieye himielf infallible ; fbme of, his opin ions 
 1cg»9^» "'In matters of%§inion, of > wM^h* St. Auftin 
 fpoke, a u'ife man will adopt that which ieems id him 
 iXKnc::x3ainoi!aTitrurtcnpttrreg*a»rTci toreaion-j xrcrctrine s xii 
 ftith, which this caftigator igndrantly confounds -wit/i 
 cpini6n,tha cathoUc bc}w^€>p« theauthfidty ofTevela. 
 "*•" '' ' • ''''^\ ^ ^ ' > tiori, 
 
 
^hx 
 
 -knows %y the^ teftimbiiy of th e pi^Hir^ of Chrift's churchi 
 by wh(^*iTiiTitftry that great ffeepherd fteds - Ws flocf: t 
 the (heip whije'h' ^rt his, hear Mi voice* not the idle tat^l 
 of ranting emthufi^fts, of prcae^iingeobbtefji and tailors^ 
 &c. St. Aufttfi, never thought <Df conf0UiicHt>g the d.<K!i 
 triries of th« ehurch withthe opinions of J|idivid|^a^^ai| 
 latter he fays he believed, if proved 'by {criptni^e.or 
 reafon J of the former he fays: " finceMcrcfore, wd fee 
 fO greatf proteaion from God/fhch progfefs, fiich fiMi, 
 (hftll wtf h^tjite torepofe onr&lves In the boibm of 'pi 
 ehurch, Whidv, even to.tht^ confefiion oF mankiBd, ^ 
 obtained the fummit of iTuthbfi^ity bf the fucceffion »f 
 bifhaps from the apoftolicil fee f Sectaries eondfemned, 
 partlyby thejudgiricntof the pai'pre therofelveSj patti* 
 l^y the weight of c6undl?, partly by the ihajefty Mm 
 racleis, inv^in bark around j to re^fe a prc-e*iliiinen^ t* 
 ^hischtfrihi *>f/i ttoffg pHfiiip d^ty is of 4he moft con- 
 fumtnate tiwploty,'ot prcefptto'^'arrdgatte<^^ 
 . be no certain path for ft«il6 f^ fWifdoni %od fall^ati^nV 
 "but wiien faith forms tlierii ^i^thier Ihan reafon, w:hit 
 is it to be ^tigVatefiil -tii^'thi* dtV^ affiflfance and prat 
 te^ionpf^^ot to i^ftil With^^bjftftiaftc^ the a^horkf 
 prediaed? 'Md M^^^^^^^tio^ 
 rcqmr<*s a «eifchcr'(^--r h>after^^to^ ilmderftdoa, what 
 more full of pride tlfan to^^ lihwiUnig' t6 underftan:^ 
 . the books of the. divine myfteri<is fmm thdr ihtef^ 
 ^^^J, ^!f to^eondertMfe them not underftedd ?*• Lr^. </<r i^^ 
 "^ c^cap^^^ti. 35. Is it this Father who fends th^'' 
 expefiented youth to fifli for tenets of religion %^^ 
 feriptufcs ? Even the cobbler muft hav^ ateaeh^rnSr^' 
 mailer to underftand his" art, howeyer in^pleJ it may ap- 
 pear, ^o fend hitii to found the^ptltt of fcripturci in 
 which Auftiai and Jcrpm too found ^eat ffj^oC mfuperai 
 rablc difficulties ! 'W|| thought iS- extravagant^ it^ fi^ 
 
 Afefardity V t l5cfrir-foffl ei4tiHg of mad r nef s in j^ 
 
 To ftievtr the profound refpeA which Auijin had for 
 the tiwiority of the chureh the writer repeals a pafiag^i 
 
 .r.i>;\^ -v ' ^ ^ •■ ■^,; --' /;^^- which 
 
 
'a- V ■,"'■ i^*^. 
 
 vv 
 
 ^t 
 
 ll^lcliihe bat already dte() I •< thetrnth of the fcriptures 
 |l<)bferyfi41>y vs wIvbi> we do that which has pieafed the 
 tftr^e chDrch, y^htoh church the authority oi the ferip- 
 lures themfeive^ f ommends $ and fince the holy fqrip- 
 Hire cannot deceive, let M^hoCoeyer fearg to be deceived, 
 'Sky the obscurity of this queftio^, confult th^ faine church 
 fpo it, which the holy icripture ihews without any am* 
 biguity/*— JLi^. Con. Crefi* c, 33, n. 39. Au^n was, 
 l^relbre^ of opinion, that obfcure an4 dt^culc quedions 
 ^pcre to he decided by the authority of the church with« 
 out fear of deception. I^ that au{hority fallible which 
 d^ctdea obfcure queftions \vithout foar of decfiption ? 
 fWa^ Auftin ;m) utter ftranger to the infallible autho- 
 jrity of the church^ Thiis an i|ifatuate4 populace arc 
 dup6d hy impoftiiiVe : with uobluihing qoniidencethey 
 2tte told that the fathers are utter ft rangers to the doc* 
 ltrin«s, which are found in almoft eyery page of their 
 works, i Haye not all general c;ounoils retrenched fro^: 
 the commvinion of the chur<sh the refra^i>ry, who rti 
 ^ed to a^quiefcr ill theME^ decifions I Why fo ? Eecaufe 
 it was th^ ^ttM, the cfiabliihed, the ^niv'erfai]y betiev- 
 eddo^nn^of the Catholic ^hurch, that thed,eci(k)n of 
 t general pouncil, tt which Chrift a^As {^cording to hU 
 promi£t!y where pt^w^tif tJiffe$ afi aj^mbkd in niy ntmt, is on 
 f¥ery.qucftio|i ^ faith infal^b^y certain : for if ever men 
 lire a^embled in. the name, that fs, by the aiMhority of 
 Je(ua Chrift, it is ^hen the p^iiiors of his church are ii- 
 iennbled to decide on queiUoas .of faith; to reii^ the 
 impetuous fury «f ravening wolves, and chafe xh^ wily 
 foxes from the fold) ao^ if ever Chrift feedfi his flock 
 by the mimftry of the paftors, which he gives to hi$ 
 churchy it is wheii all thefe pail ors unite, and with one 
 voice ^declare that, iach ' is the doctrine r.evealed by 
 Chriil to their prodecefl()rs, the dodrine tranfmitted to 
 them in Regular fucceffion, the dqd^ne they found 
 i;fiabh(hed tnr their 
 
 iK:ce€ioi 
 
 thercfi 
 
 are 
 
 (rcfore is the voice of the great ibeplierd ; they .who 
 
 ^<3ii hii flock hear it ao^ follow him. The ca^igator 
 
 . " : doci 
 
 ■\ 
 
 i\K 
 
 I'tk* , 
 
 
*...:.f- 
 
 fi,- 
 
 does not hear it. Wtiy fo ? lecllife feuls not tif^ 
 flock : ** yiu d9 not bear nte.fiid ibeSavhur ioibe Jffffh 
 becauftyou are not of myjbeep.** —johA x, a6. Th« caM* 
 gator— a fon Dfrtthout a father, a fucceffor withdiit* 
 prctleccffor— .teaches a doctrine, not that which he fotiatf 
 OR his acceffion to a vacant chair, for there *a* no chaif' 
 vacant ^r him, biSf that, which he invented or borrowv 
 ed from fome other, a Luther, or a Calvin, a Browil, 
 or a Whifton, God knows from whoiti. Is it the voici! 
 of the great fhcpherd ? He tells his , difciples that th« 
 pope is anti-chriftr that popifli bifliops are impoftors, that 
 papifts are corrupt ^nd bad men, that the church is i«» 
 vifible, that it isfubjcft xa error, that it hasfaUcn inci» 
 ruins, &c. In what book of thefcripttires doc* he read 
 all this ? In what fcripturcs is there onc.word of it to be 
 found } h this the voice of the great Ihepherd ? Is it 
 .m#t manifcftly the whining of the wolf in fliecp's ' 
 clothing. Inveigling the flicep from the cares of the 
 flicphc!^ ? Tor fuppofing all thcfe tales of popes and 
 friars 4IS true « many of them are notoriouily falfe, 
 they arc not the word of God ; h is trot the voice of thfi 
 great fhephcrd \ it is not with fiich talcs that Chrift 
 feeds his flock. This is the voice of the Acphcrd j 
 this i» the word from his mouth : ** */ bt doet not bear tbo 
 church let him be to tiet at 4 ibw/**^/*— Matt, xvili, 17. 
 It ever the 'church fpcaks diftinaiy. fo .that hfer voii^ 
 cannot be niiftakcn or roifunderftood, it Is by the unani- 
 mous and united voice of her paflors in council alEan* 
 bled. This alfo is the voice of the ihepherd : " obey 
 yourguides and be/ubjea H them : for tbeyvoaicb over your 
 Jouistus being to %ive an aicountt**^Heh »iii> 17- ThisaUb 
 is the word of God : " lAf % of tbt prie/l Jhail ke^ kmw- 
 ledge, and theyjhall f^ek the law from bu mpii/A."— Malachi, 
 
 (ftbtprttft;' he fays, ''Jhouldkeep knotvledge, and tbty Jbould 
 feek the laio at his mtutb:* He ii doubly unfortunate ; 
 ihc cforrcaicin encrcafcs the force of the paflage : for 
 ^uld or ought impHci • grettcr obUgation than finM 
 
.■<•■'■ 
 
 , or ifiV/, and attcinpt!ng«^«ti^layiiis erudition, he expo. 
 fe»)iis ignorance ; the t^ra^s jt/hfnerou and jibakshou in 
 tljc original are tranflated.by Jerom ** cuftoditnt** znd *' re^ 
 quirerif* ''^ mepibihou*' js not at. his mouthy hut from his 
 wo»^i . The prophet affigns the reiilbn why the prieCl 
 igmght to pofll'fs knowledge, and why the people ought 
 ta icatn the law from him : " heca^/e he is the j^ejfenger of 
 /^f X©r((/ /* "but," fays the caftigatqr, '* the Jewifli ' 
 l^riei^s were wicked rfien. Some were, it is true, not all : 
 Jeremias and Ezekiei were priefts, they were not bad 
 men j but whether wicked or not, it y^ot the lefs true 
 that it is the official duty of the prief^'^teach the people 
 the law, and thciF vincfiipenible 4lp(|3(|ito learn the law 
 from him : bac^M^, Uy& the prophet, ^^he is the meffenger 
 of the Lord'* becaufe it i^.by him th^t God fpcaks to 
 his peviple, not by every ©nthufiaft, whp is hb own mef- 
 fenger, who runs without beiqg fent, who fpeaks the 
 ravings ot his own difordercd bi'ain ; , as this caftig.iting 
 paiior», who tells his difciplc* that all papifta, of whom 
 he does not perhaps, know an irvdividual, arc bad men j 
 let us n(>w luppnic thefe papiftsr, whom he fo pioufly hates 
 and Ic) religioufly calumniates, as wicked as he finds it 
 convenient t(V repreient them ; who will eMfurc me that 
 he hi^iifelf is not as wicked as any one of them ? He 
 fays, no doubt, that he is a Saint, and perhaps believes 
 ic^ lUdid the Pharifee in the gpfpcl : '" / am ml like other 
 rnen^* heafllrts his honcfly and veracity \ fo do thieves 
 bcftrc coi.vic'tion^ and fome even at Tyburn, but let him 
 fay or J?elkve what he will, this is irrefiftibly true, that 
 heis not the meffcngcr of the Lord, from whom the 
 people, ^re -obliged to learn the law ; that he is .not one 
 isA thefe pallots, Ij^y whom ChriU the gres^t fhcphcrd feeds 
 )m fl'j'ck. 
 
 When Btjfluct, the c e lebrated bi&op 4d Mcauxrhad 
 collcded all the x:on^efCons of faith pubUQied at differ- 
 cat times by the two grand divi(ibn§ of the reformed - 
 churches, the firfl, in time, under Luther and his aflbci- 
 ^i^W^ Mclanctoi^^liQiIgh f |m? prcc^^cc hacyj^^n ^^fjputcd 
 
 y 
 
''^'■% 
 
 $05 
 
 by Zainj^lUs, v«rho, with Calvin, prcfidcd over the fc- 
 cond, with all their fubdWifions, which were nu-njier- 
 0U8 in tlicir owir titrte, and fincc that time are become 
 innumerable, and had compared thefe confeflions of faith 
 one with another, and had alfo compared the confeifioa 
 of faith puhlifhed on one year Vith the confeflSon pilb- 
 liffied by the fame divifion oa the enfiiing year; and had 
 with that, precifion and ftrcngth of reifoning peculiar to 
 himfelf, pointed out^U the contradiaious, inconfifteftGies 
 and abjTurdities, of thefe new-fangled confeffions of faith> 
 the paltors of the rcfoi^med churches wereferioufly alarm-" 
 cd ; as he had produced none but the tnoft authentic^ 
 documents, their fy nodical deciCortsfubfcribed^ their 
 minifters, and thtir catechifms af^ptdved iwid taughtin 
 their churches^ all eirifidfjj and ftibt^rfagtfs Were pre- 
 cluded : the Whole of the Reformation becaftie defcncelefs* 
 The imntediate confequenee wai* that men of infofmatU 
 on,unt3rejudicedainddifintercfted,wOTCUndeceived,wlrcre- 
 evcrthe workgotinto cireulatlonia'^dthe language in which ; 
 itwas written underftood. Where intereft and |w:ej\|dicft 
 unite towarpthe underftandlng, truth finds no accefs^ the 
 biracl^s of Chriaonly ferved to cxafperate the Pharifees 
 and inieafe their avcrfion to his perfon ; it is not thefe- 
 fore matter of furprifc that the minifters of the reformed 
 churches were iiiacceflible to the truth, though enforqed> 
 by the perfuafive feloquencc and irrefiRible r'eafonirtg of a 
 Bd/uet. In that alarming crifis they racked imagination 
 to continue the deception, which had for&ied the party, 
 over which they pirefided, with ii more abl'olutc autho- 
 rity;, than ever Was exercifcd by any one of thefe popes 
 agaiiift whomhhey railed inceffantly. Tbcy xolleaed 
 from incorrect writers incoherent opinions, foiMCwcU 
 and fomc ill founded, not one of which wa»a doarinc 
 of faith ; and fome opinions from moral writers, which 
 )een cenfured andjg t raited, or the authors condemD 
 
 *■>.' 
 
 ed; thefe they artfuUy confounded with doarine* oT 
 
 faith, to (hew; as they pretended, that the Catholic 
 
 church itfelf had varied in its faith j Juricu wcrft ibme- 
 
 Oo . • i thing 
 
 •■{'w^..iAmf. 
 
 
^ 4' 
 
 »->'■ 
 
 
 ■■Hk 
 
 jo6 
 
 u-' 
 
 thing further : he pretended that the primitive Fathers^ 
 
 ' whtife writing^ have efcaped the ravag^es of time, had 
 
 Mwied in their daclrine ufthe Trinity. The illufion 
 
 TiWas imtnediately detec^d by Bofluet himfeJf, the die- 
 
 -•trine of the church juftified from mifieprefentation, and 
 
 ;?fhe\vn ;to have been dt all times invariably .the fame, 
 
 . The artifices of; Jurieu, Claude and fome others, produced 
 
 that inimitable work, The perpetuity of thi Faith, by Ar- 
 
 , iiaud and Nicole;, whicli w^s refuted, asufual, by the 
 
 inoft fcurrilous invecUves and a torrent of abufe. From 
 
 this repertory our Edinburgh caftlgator tranfcribes, and, 
 
 '; „what they artfully contrived to continue a deception, 
 
 which had placed them at the head of a party, he ob- 
 
 trudes on th? credulity of his admirers,, as the fruits of 
 
 .his re/carches in antiquity. ^ J ^ ;^ ' 
 
 ^ i^-lp] enable the reader to form a correcl ideiofan opi- 
 
 ^^.ljtQft»*which Chriuians are free to adopt or reje<ft, and 
 
 /thereby place the artifice of thefc innoyatorstn a proper 1 
 
 ;£:^Ught, the writer gives a fignal inftance : whether the ■ 
 
 ■ fljaft chapter of Deuteronomy, in which Mofes»' death and 
 
 burial are dcfcribed, was written by Mof^shimfelf, or added 
 
 hf Jofuei or fome other writer, is meer matter of opini- 
 
 TOP, which any man may adopt or reject without the fuf- 
 
 piclon of hcrefy ; but if he ^cre to deny that the chapter 
 
 4s divinely infpired, he would'ceafe to be a Chriflian. 
 
 Why fo ? Becaufc it is declared by the authority of the 
 
 Catholic church to be a part of the fcripturcs divinely in- 
 
 - fpired, and entrufted to her care, as is the gofpel of St. 
 
 •Jdhn: the certainty of the revelation of both rcfis on 
 
 the fame authority, the man, therefore, who r?jefts the 
 
 ' one. may alfo rejocl the.othej;. 
 
 .™^,nt^'he writer gives a fecond inftance of an opinion, 
 ;! inhich. though authorifed by Auftin and Jen)m and o- 
 thers, no man ia obiiged to adopt. In the Homily oo 
 Palloffi, f.om which Lmc cxtracis have been already ci- 
 ted, Auftin fays : '4n the prophet Jcrcmias, fome one 
 cric« out : the partritl^ collets -what JJji did not product 
 This partridge, by .fome of our anccUor8,p 
 
 , X . ° treating 
 
 <«':»**• 
 
 :*:..- 
 
 • . • 
 
 Oh; ' ..J. 
 

 3°^ 
 
 Leating on the fcriptures before us, is undcrftood to be 
 the Devil coHeding; what he has not produced ; tor h(^ 
 []s not the creator b«t the deceiver, he collets his riches 
 I without diftinaion ; h&does not inquire whether a peP-. u 
 [fon crrsinthii or that manner, he defires that all rnxf? 
 ! be deceived, ^d by all forts of errors : how many dtf*' 
 fcrent fedi there are! how many diflferent errors 1 He 
 does not fay: they are Donatifts,noc Arians: for whe* 
 ther they be.Donatift^-or Arians they are his, who col- 
 lects without diftinaiion : let him adore idols,, fays 
 he, he is mine; let him perfift in the fuperftition of 
 the Jews, he is mine, let him, havirv^^ broken the ^nity^ 
 fallinto thisorihat'fea', heisliilne, he colieas, there- 
 fore, without diftiriaion, and makes his riches.** Whe- 
 ther by tl^at partridge, which colieas the eggs flie did 
 not lay, the Demon be undcrftood ornotvis meer mat- 
 ter of opinion, which,' notwithftanding the authority of 
 Auftin and Jerom^ndthefcmore early writers olf>whom 
 AuRin fpeaks, no eatJiolic is obliged to adopt j but that 
 a Heathen, a Jew, or i Sectary is not in the catholic com- 
 munion, is a doarine .of faith. Auftiri does not extend 
 ihisfevere eenfure to all Sectaries : he confines it csi- 
 prefsly to perfons, who, having been catholics, renounce 
 that commtinion^ and unite with fome fed : " deferta 
 miiati\^* he fays, elfewhere, that they, who fupport a 
 falfeopinioh, without animofity, difpofed to. fubmit to. 
 the truth when clearly expofed, and more particularly ^ 
 if it be an opinion which they receive frbm their parents, 
 are not to be numbered amongft Sectaries : of fuch a 
 perfoii Aullin fiiys. B. 4. <>f ^-^P- agunrt the Doq. ch. i6, 
 p. 23 :"thi«. mftft idonot yctcaU.heretic, unlef* aftet 
 the doarine is made mahifcft to him h3 had rather re- 
 Uft the catholic faith, and chlife to adhere to what ha 
 
 held in him there is only a falle opinion to be cor- 
 
 reeled."' ' ' :• 
 
 II1Q catholic reader isJnfOrm(d„tMtJgJs„notJobl^^ 
 to adoptthe opinion of any writer, however great his 
 authority, as a doarine of faith, if many writers ^ of. 
 
 ■fl 
 
 U\A^<. 
 
\-l 
 
 '■''>" 
 
 r, .■■'.■-■■-,.., _ _ ■ " ■ " ' ' 
 
 1 "■ *,■,.- ^ _ .^ 
 
 gr^at authority coincide ia the fanic opinic^i, it is rafh. 
 ^eis, but not hercfy, to tx)atradi<ft it, and argues a fund 
 ofpiridc in tfit individual, who fets hU own private opi. 
 tiloiiy or the opinion which he borrows from fome other 
 
 D&t better informed than himfelf, in oppt^fttion to the 
 ITfuted opinion of fo nnany fuperior to him, and^his teach- 
 er, in point of information. ^ all thefe writers, when; 
 we call Fathers of the Church, or, indeed, all the writers 
 of any age, unanimdufty teach a do^rine, we muft con^ 
 dude, that it i$ the doftrine of the church, which is 
 at all times invariably the.fame'* becaufe their united 
 and uncontfadi<?led tettknony is jnconteftible eyidcuce. 
 of the fad, that fuch was the dodlririe then taught ; the 
 ^ifcipUnedf the church is, ah4jMrS^15deiI in f()me of its 
 
 'parts variable, and adapted to circumdances, times, pU- 
 ces andperfons; thus in the pritnitiyc jiincs, the fail 
 of the Lent was continued until three o't^lock in the even- 
 ing every day, and no foliation allowed ; now the 
 meal is taifeen at twelve, or fomt ihort time before, with 
 a light collation in the evening. If jit aiiy time the 
 opinion of an individual be found to deviate from the 
 dodrine unirerfally tayght, it is a falfc opihiop ;. if ob- 
 stinately perfifted in, and publicly raught> in oppolltion 
 to the fettled dodrine, it is an heretical opinion j if the 
 author forms a party he becomes the leader of a fed, is 
 one of thefe falfe teachers, whb ftparates themfelves, 
 whom St. Paul calls heretics. . ; ; 
 
 After citing thefe paflages froifi Atl^nafiui and Auftln, 
 which ferve tofwell the- volumci ouy caftigator makes 
 an attemp^to reafon. If the church- of Chritt be not 
 deprived of his Divine cares and affiftancc, it is not his 
 fault : he moft anxioufly dcfires it ; fo does that fpirit 
 ^of illufion, which he cohfuits : " infallibility is claimed," 
 lays he, p. 190, " by the body of paftors united with 
 
 ■_ thcir^ he a d^*^ From ihii^arAricipk iig_cm!jclMes». tji a r ,^ 
 prefer vc this prerogative Irt the church, the pope and 
 hks-jclergy ought to be always in Council, /^/c^. The 
 ^vritcr gives- him credit for this argument : it muft be 
 
 . ..,t 
 
 i^-»<».*Vv!ii j» -V ' 
 
'^ ^ 
 
 
 •*" 
 
 50$ 
 
 of his own invention. How unfortunate tt i^r<^^^^^ 
 the only attempt tp reafon, which is found iii a fjitlftil^r: 
 of pages of fuch profound erudition^ the ttrticllaijM' 
 which he draws is not found even by im^licatioii iii the 
 principle. For the body of catholic paftors are nbt ttsot^ 
 united with their head in council than pUtof couact^ 
 ihey are at.all times equally urfited with hitn ahd v^itli . 
 each other, by the profeffion of the fame faith, pArtiapA- 
 tion t)f the fame facraments, the fame hope : that (n. 
 ciety which .we call the Catholic Church is, if St. Paul 
 does ^ot miftake, one Wy—Kph. iy > animated with one 
 ^nd the fame fpiritr'7wi//^ji /^^ lather and he iuill^m, 
 you another Comforter, thatjje may remain wihyou fir evet[ 
 — John xiv, i6 ; in it there is>'<?w /i;//^*'— Eph. iv ; ''i^ 
 /,o^tf»»--.ibid ; " one baptijm," ibid ; it is '* ohep^kmdm ' 
 Sh^f,b^rd*'^]ohn X, i6, whodocsnotentruft his(h0ft^ 
 to the'c^res pf others, but feeds them himfelf ; " livm) 
 f^dTnxJheep;'--^t\dc[%xi^v, 15. fey tKe niihiftry of 
 thcfe pilars «vhom he fends : *' who hears you hSars w^ 
 andwhodefpi/esyou defpifesme^^-T^ukcx, 16,'' behddl\ 
 am with you all days unpl the confummation ofthedge,"--- 
 Matt. ult. .by thef<^ftors, thuf^ united ambngll them- 
 felvcs, and with tkir 'head, >he fupreme palBr feeds 
 his ftock according to his proinil?^ hence it ffillows that 
 if^ny prelate or paftor teaches a doarine of his own in^ 
 vcntjom or borrowed from the inventor, a doftrinc, 
 which he did not fii^d taught in the church, when he 
 becamii.a paftor, he breiks the unity of faith, the chain 
 of fucccilion, is no longer of the number of th<)fei paftord, 
 by whom Chrift feeds his flock ; "the inftant a pallor 
 fubftitutes his own conjcclurcs, or the opimdrts which he 
 borrows fron\ . others, to tlie fettled doarine* of the 
 cl^reh. in which he was baptifed, he is a branch lopped 
 from the tree, which cannot produce fruit : there If . 
 but the word of God eflicacious, he fiibllitutes his 6WTtt» 
 
 which is but an empty found. _,\ . w ' • i , 
 
 I'his union of all the mcmlpcrs of Chria'A cHureh, 
 which has cfcapcd the notice of our EditU)Urgh caftigator. 
 
\\ 
 
 T 
 
 'ji'''"' >>»-<. ' ,1^,-v 
 
 1& 
 
 3>.^ 
 
 
 >!^a6 known in thefe turbulent times between the apnftle*S: 
 days and the firft general council, when, jf we l?clievc 
 t{iis c^ftigator, Chrift did not attend to thexareofhis 
 ^^ck| in thofc days lived Cyprian, from whofe works 
 ^Mfe find fpme garbled extrafts in the caftigator's volqnje. 
 JJ|§ tcftimony, now before the writer, will, no doubt, 
 be ^^ighly gra^tifying to him, he i& one of thefe Popilh 
 Fathers, whom h^ has. forced to condemn ;Popery. In^ 
 hia book Qjn the unity of the church this venerable pre- 
 late fays ; *' does he believe that he holds the fait H who 
 idoes poj[ hold thjs unity I He, who refills the church, 
 
 1 _^hp withftands the church, does he think himirelFj^n the 
 ^ church ? This fame truth is taught by the holy ap^>ftle 
 Paul: !iefl>,ews the myftcry of unity, faying, (Eph iv) o«^ 
 ^ody condom Jjl(irit^Qne hops of y9ur'0ocationy ane "L^df oris- 
 faith, ambaptifmy on^ GodyV/Kich. unity we ought ffhily to 
 i|k^ld and vindicate, mortj efpecially svth\^o^^,mhoprefiJe 
 
 ^ -1^ tM fburc^, [it {j£em9 that bjftipps did prefi.ie in the 
 ^urch inthetn primicivq times, at leaft Cywian thought: 
 fuj that w^tTwy prove the cpifcopj^l ord^r,^* epifiopdtus ,*" 
 
 " one a,nd iindivided. Letpo man deceivctl^e fraternity by 
 
 falfliood J let np_man corrupt the faith by petfidiou^ 
 
 prevarication. The^pifcopal oixle'rTsi one. and undivided, 
 
 of which a part is held by each in its integrity, * in/oIU 
 
 . </«>».* The church al/o is oi\B, which by the encreafeof its 
 
 w fecundity is more widely extended into a multitude ; as 
 *the rays of the fun are m'any, and but one light. ; as the 
 ^branches of a tree are many, and but one trunk founded 
 
 > in the tenacious root ; When from one fountain rqany 
 jdreams flow, though from the abundance of the flowing . 
 
 • ^lir^ter? numerousnefs may appear;, yet unity.isprefeived 
 
 Jmhe fource. ^Separate a ray from the fun, unity does not 
 
 V^'^arthe divifion of light ; break a branch froni the tree, 
 
 ^Kcaia^ot be^r fryit ; dut off a flreara from the fprin^ it 
 
 '^1(1 dry. upl Thus the chuich of the Lord, perfufed 
 
 Vi T 'ith light- p m it.« ifs rav s t hrough th e wh cv lc wor 
 
 the light is one, -which is ip all places difFufed ; 'nor is 
 
 1 Jiskejintty of theijftdy fcparated ; it extends its branches 
 
 over 
 
 \,''l 
 
 .'*si 
 
 ■S-5!**^ 
 
 A% I 
 
it 
 
 ', ' ' ■ ' ,- ■ - ■'■•■'''. !.."■"■•*■- ^ .. iK- % ■ . " 
 
 tovef the whole earth bfthe abundanteofits fruitfuu 
 nef* ; it plentifully expands its flowing ftreams all arourid, 
 but yet there is but one head, one IbtirCe, one irtdthef, 
 abounding in the offspring of its; fecundity, by its fruits 
 we are nouiifhcd, by its milk we are fed, by its fpirtt \ 
 we are animated." Why does this Edinburgh caftiga-' 
 tor exprefs fuch anxipty to remove the Great Shepherd's 
 paftoral cares from his flock ? Is it that he intends to 
 fubftitute his own ? ' * , ' / 
 
 ; In the next p.ige he tells us " that the jidpe ind Wis 
 clergy may be very wicked men, and therefore, iri a 
 moral point of view, very unlikely to enjoy the prefenw 
 of Gloria and his Spirit.** He has given fo many fj^ed- 
 mens of new-modelled modefiy alread^;- that .We mufl: 
 ceafcto admire it, The pope and his clergy, that is, ill 
 other words, the whole body pf catholic paftors, a body 
 compofed of many thoufands, amongft whom are ftnind 
 the moil enlightened men on earth, men the moft cn^i- 
 nent for fcience and piety, may be vtiry wicked i^efn* 
 and very unlikely to enj )y the fpirit of Chrift, ind this 
 our Edinburgh caftigi^tor.^vhoreknosvledge is corrct 
 pondcnt to his modMly, is the only good man, the oWly 
 pallor hkely to enjoy the prefence of Chrift and his di- 
 vine fpirit ! Are' there men fo infatuated as to be duped 
 by fuch monftrous prcfumption ? The writer rcplfes, 
 that as it is unqueftionably true that Chrift, the Great 
 Shepherd, feeds his flock by iheminiftry of thefe paftors, 
 whom he gives to the church for the work of the mi- 
 niftry,for the perfedion of the f^jints, not by the mini* 
 . ftry of thefe pallors who fend themfelvcs, or are fen t by 
 Others not better qualified than themfelves, and equally 
 true that, though there may be a bad man amongft the 
 paftors of hisinttitUtion, as there was a Judas amongft his 
 apoftles, the whole body is not the lefs under his divihe 
 '"'"protcHionr'conlcqtiemty 
 
 The man who believes, or pretends to believe, that 
 Chrift gives to his church a wicked body of paftorff for 
 the .work of the miniftry, for the perfection of the 
 
 , . f^ntf , 
 

 ■' '^ ■.,;" \ ■ ..-■. , ^v. , -^ ' . '■■■ - . ' , 
 
 ;ftjt^s, (Kph. . I V.) eitl^er d^ not bejieve the truth of 
 
 |3i^s,^prc?ipiC?s, or l)is pqwer«:of performing th«m, and 
 
 • *^H:qnieqiieptfy"is not ^ Chnfljin. This fupp6fitiont>f our 
 
 yJSiljnburgli c^ftigator, only eKpoteiJ the wejiknefs of hiis 
 
 ^ ^jti^^ci, or the ifi^ljgajty of his heart, it can neither dif- 
 
 Jqi>'4i(y thepj^ftprs of Chrift's ialUtutlon from feeding his 
 
 ^ci^i}!^ jvrfiify the wtirudon of (elf^apjiointed paftors 
 
 ^.whuih^hc dofes not ^^^^^ . „ , 
 
 III the next pagetherc are aflertions wKlcl)/ the igno- 
 ._ rapccof this .tG=ribJt>Jcr. irjay i^cufe, if advanc&d by a man 
 j^, of. re^l idencc they haV'eW moft dangerous tendency, 
 ' being, pqu01y (abverRv'e,q|^yil and eccleffAftical autho- 
 !^ ;tity : '^it^J^iU jje gradte<lif fays he," that God, whrt 
 j,tij;jfnied.tbe :in9uth of Balaam's afs, may at times life the 
 ' j-|igepc)^pf Very wicik^ arid ajtb that authority liiay 
 
 'ixW' reeled witii h^any ill qualities.** Atitliority, t^hefe- 
 * hf^X^p tnay be v^d in a min> who has foftie bad miali- 
 ;;Ucs ; Jqh4 Bali^Vau "jl^yler*^^^ was of the'lime 
 
 ,ppiriiim ^. he.did, hot think~ natural qualities, whether,! 
 ^jgrpQcl pr bid, inconfiftent with authority, but al tan^tity, 
 .,in. Ijis idea, >yas the founcBition of all authority, he 
 v!t!ipught,6r pretended to thir»fc| that fiii was aWotuitely in- 
 ./,:^ompa^ib)e with it, and Watt Tyler, with his -afrmy of 
 J 'i^lpts, didjin a rrioll faint-like niannpr, enforce this 
 ^.jjpfi^ine : they diyeiled all there (infulmagiftratcs 
 i,^ia,n«i prelates. w,ho feil, ipto their f^nclified hands, of that 
 ;,*,^^^^qrity,, which oi\ divine right belonged to the 
 .\.^mU tkclufi.vely. Is this Edinburgh caftigator oile of 
 ..thefc n^iroOdcUed faints ? h he one c^f the^ildren of 
 P tlie proniife, who, yet in the wilderncfe, are deftined to 
 I • viCI5pfcl the CanaaqiJes from the land ? He admits, it is 
 ; ^jT^ie, that -a wicked man may be a paflive inftrumeht 
 vr^s t^a^ Balaam's aftl ^Is k that'this braying animal from 
 ; Edinburgh does not know that, between a paflive inftru- 
 : mcnt *«drit^f*tio^^^r^^^g^, wltk ju^velauthority 
 ' . Uicfe is. an effential difference ?}_/Htf next affeition is 
 ; more Gl€arly€xprcflivc pf that monftriiildoarlne, which 
 I in Tyler's days delpgcd England with bl6od, and made 
 #./' Bohemia 
 
i'3 
 
 BohemU a ilaughtacJioi^for more than tu^cnty ycsi^ 
 —Sec Review : " this w^Iiif^'* he fays, p. ig^2i ** ought 
 to recolleft that good ^jualities and authority ,feught tb 
 be infeparably comicf^ed m a Chriftian bifliop.** Thiab< 
 worfe than BiU*s dociririe : for BaH did not exa6t good 
 qudities as the foundation of" . authority,- he thougE'^ 
 ftndity, whatever itiight hav^ beeii the liatural cjuali- . 
 ties of the mind or the body, fufficienti ncrt" did~hfi think* 
 bid qualities fufficierit to cancel authority : he tliought 
 iin neceffary for that : thiis, foir ipftaiace, irascibility is 
 a bad quality, but anger is a fift'. Irafcibility, in "BaU^^ 
 opinion, did not dlvett either the magiftnit^ or the prci^ 
 lite of rightful autHority, but angei* did- That this 
 caftigatbr exacts good qualities tts'indlfpenjfably neceffary 
 to authority is manifeft from ^vHat h^adds by way of 
 proof : ** the biftiop," he fays, " rtiuft be^blamelefs as 
 wiltasthe huiband of one wife." He cannot b6 Uhder^'. 
 ftbod to fpeakof tlj^e bifliopS duty as a Cnriuian i for it 
 is the indifpcnfable duty of every Chriftiart.lo be blame- 
 lefs ; this quality therefore he exacts a^ being indifpJen- 
 fable to his cpifcopail authority. Amonglt thefe good 
 qualities, which he exacts, there is one oflatfr invertttOti* 
 ihat is, ** the bifliop muft be hufband of one wife.'* W 
 Is perhaps the firft time that a wife has been numbered . 
 amongft qualities^ The Vriter, knows .tiiat, in the ca- 
 talogue of modern virtues, fcotpri >vhich modefty, abfedi- 
 ence and chaftity, have be^icxpunged, as obfolete ; and' 
 the propagation of t^e huiifin fpecies fubftituted, tohav€r~ 
 
 le J 
 
 but, not havinff this caftl"- 
 
 i ■ 
 1 , 
 
 one wife, at leaft, is a virtue 
 
 gator's familiar fpirit to confult, he did not know that i 
 wife is a good quality : a quality, fay/ philofophers, is 
 that property, cither abfolute or relative* which make* 
 the fubjeft fuch or fuch : thus whiteoefe makes a man 
 white, and blacknefs makes a maa bhck, and a wifs 
 - tna ke s -a man wived ; b^ttHft).- TIte fatflropr 
 luuft be a wived man ; fo thought a. righfreverend prelate 
 iu former times, if tha,t bufy tattler common fame telt 
 truth ; having loft a firft and fecond loving quality, 
 
 P p knowing 
 
 • r 
 
«^:,--*: 
 
 ,^ 
 
 :.r/- 
 
 3U 
 
 :Jft 
 
 knowing that he ihuft be a wived man, he applied fof 
 a third j but the lady, pcrtiAps not difpofed to bccomfe 
 cine of the caftigator's quairdiSi in the common accepta- 
 tion of terms called wives, or liot clearly conceiving the 
 indi(pcnfable neceffity of ah old prelate's being^wived ; 
 or perhaps thinkmg that a bundle of dry bones; wrapt 
 |%pina parchment fltin, Ihrivellcd by the piercing told 
 
 >of feventy hoary winters, cou,id be neither ufeful nor 
 ornamental in^er bed chamber^ alarmed too at the ap- 
 pearance of a ikeleton, which, if we may believe a cer^ 
 taiij writer of no fmall authority, flie miftopk for the 
 gjjoft of her grand-father, mo^eftly but peremptorily rcJ- 
 fufed to wive him. It is prefumed that the lady, who 
 in point of underftanding was inferior to few, if any of 
 her cotemporarics, reafoned in this manner t though it 
 be true that this right reverend prelate muff be wived, 
 •as. the precept ftriAly obliges him, yet there is no pre* 
 cept which obliges me to be his wife, he may therefore 
 be wived by fome other. The reader will palMop this 
 farcaftical ftrifturc when heconfiders that there is feme- 
 thing faoffenfivc to common fenfe, and commoh decency, 
 
 , io this canting on the neceffity of propagating the human 
 fpecies, on the^ inipoffiUTity of perpetual chaftity, &c* 
 with which every paltry fcribbler ftuns otjr ears, that it 
 
 •k irkfome ferioufly to refute fuch a nonfenficaljargoii, 
 ^ The apoftle Paul, \ti his ijl epiftle to Timothy, iii. enu- 
 merates the qualifications of a man, whoin that arch-bi- 
 fhop might with fafety inftitute biihop of any city, im* 
 def his jurifdiaion, he muft, fays the apoftle, be free 
 from reproach, the hufband of «ne wife, that is a man 
 who after the death of his wife, or othct legal diffolution 
 of his marriage, did not contra^ a fecood , marriage, 
 lliat this is the intended fenfe of the paffaj^e is manifeft, 
 "beciiufe it was .never lawful for a chriftian to be the huC^ 
 band of two wives at the faihe time, he miriitin fuc 
 ccllion, becaufe death dilJoIvM the «matrimon»r bond, 
 and the apoftle did^not direft his difciple to inftitute a 
 Jew or Heathen bi&op of any city. St. Paul fufficiently 
 t » ^ : ' ■ :■ ■ explailif 
 

 -■(. 
 
 '■* 
 
 
 h'1 
 
 5»S 
 
 explains' himfelf: fbr he adds, immediately ^fter ^^ having 
 children** tekna eebanta, he docs not hy ^^ bigtUing cbiU 
 dren% for that was. never allowed in the chciili^n chprch. 
 The apoftles, of whvMn One or two were married, for- 
 fook all things to follow Chrift. Behold, faid Peter, we 
 have left all things, an4 followed thee.—rrMatt, xix, 3^7. 
 TofoUow Chrift, in the infpired writings, imports neithec 
 \th nor more than to Imitate Us virtues, of which 
 chadity was unqueftionahly onpx though, in the opinion 
 of this (;a{ligatof, it may be antiquated ^ (h^ apoftles. 
 therefore did not retain their wives : i^ wives were not 
 then qualities ;^ they were fomething more fubftantiaL 
 The apoillePaul was not married, nor were his difciples 
 Timothy, archbi(hpp of EphpHis, and, Htus, archbiihop 
 of Crete. Of the apoftle there can be no doubt : for he 
 himfdf cxprcfsly fays it ;\ iftCor. ^^ii, after giving fome 
 (jiireclions for the condu^ of married perfons, the apoftle 
 Xkys : ** t (ay to the uniparried apd widows, it is goo< 
 for them if they continjie as I, do ; but if they, Jo 1 
 contain themfclves let thcto, m;irry. — ^8. Southwell^ 
 J^^%. njopftrous 'caxppilatioink which, with unparalel^S. 
 effrontery, he calls the bible, tranflates ei de. ouk egkratei 
 onm^lfthiy cenngt conOsin /^^m/^Z-yfj," fubftituting his own 
 words to thefe of the apoftle in order, to deceive the ig- 
 norant, <is if. there were perfons who capnotqontam 
 themfelvips. The original phrafe is fo iimple., fo clearly 
 exprelfed by the apoftle, thJ^t the n\oft. ignorant fchool- 
 hoy* who knows any thjng of Greek, cannot miftake it : 
 thatTimotby and Titq? were not married is attefted bjr 
 a, cotcraporary; writer, of great authority, Ign^tiii^ 0^ 
 Antibch, i];:^hiji,epiftle to.theJPhiladelphians, - ' 1 * 
 There is, perhaps, no part, of. Catholic difcipline fo pf- 
 fqnfive to all Rcforn\iftsi. as this contincncy, which the 
 
 ,mijiiiisy.s - oil their a dmiiSQiiJUL 
 
 holy orders. -The difcipline itfelf is not of divine inft|- 
 tu^bn : for no fuch precept is found in the faipturcs, 
 npir does tradition attrfft that any fuch injundion waa^ 
 ^ivcn by Chrift himfdf to his tniniftcrs j that he ap/ 
 
 , . .li , prove/ 
 
 *>,-"* 
 

 •u 
 
 iw ' - 
 
 t«'- 
 
 
 •Osv 
 
$i6 
 
 ■ i 
 
 proved thedifcipUne,is certain from his reply to Peter— 
 lyjatt. XX, 29 : " every ^ne, >ha, has forfak^n houfes,' 
 ©r brothers, or fiftcrs, or father, or mother, or M/ife, oc 
 hnds, for fa$:aof fny name, fhajl receive an hundred fold, 
 an<i mhcrit eternal life.*f The wife is found aipongft 
 other things Vhicti may be meritorioufly forfaken t?^ fol- 
 low Chrift ; but to approve a difcipline is not to epjoin 
 it ; there are many things approved which are not ftrift- 
 ly enjoined : thjs, therefqre, canng| be taken as a pre- 
 cept, qonfequently the continencyof the minifters of the 
 cHurc!) is of human, cot: of diyipe right." It is of courfc 
 difpcnfabk as aSl hum an . laws mjiy be modi fied . or ean- 
 ccllcd by the fame po^er which ena£l« thVm. - ^ 
 
 St. Thomas fays that a yow qf continency is annexed 
 10 holy orders by a decree of the church /V a, ?, 7. 88, 
 art. 1 1. Bellarmine thinks that, though this difcipline 
 be not of divine, right, it is o£ apoftplical inftitution. 
 The reafons which- he o|Ferj5 in fupport of his opi- 
 nion, if not abfolutely irrefiftible, are j^ot; eafily elu- 
 ded. St. Ra\il, in his epiftic to Titus, whdm he had 
 left at Crete to inftitute priefts in the citips of that jurif- 
 diftion, enumerating the qualifications pre-reauifite, fays, 
 ©f the Bifliop, ** hemurt be fopbrona" an ambiguous 
 term, which imports fohrietyy.prudfnce, or chafiity^ as the 
 fabje^ maf^er may require. In this place St. J[erom fays 
 it impHes ** chajliiyl* but as chaftlty is itfelf an ambiguous 
 terni, becaufe there is conjugal chaftity, as well as vir- 
 ginal chaftity, the apoftle cofre<^* the ambiguity by 
 adding the term " egkrate^** which imports ** contihency,'* 
 sin uncoritroulcd power over the mind and body. , In 
 ihat'phrafe it cannot be undcrftood in any other fenfe: 
 %^t though it may fignify " Umperanci** that fcnfc \^ fuf- 
 ficiently implied in the term ^ Jr^phrtna^^Xi^ would ren- 
 der the term * cgkrate* redundant, a defc^ which is fel- 
 dom '\i ever found in that'apiTHel'wrrtings : ,hc thccc- 
 lore cxa^ls contindncy in the minifters of the church,^ 
 • lii ^8 iirll cpiftte to the Coftrithlaiss vli, giving in- 
 ;flru6iohs for the condud of married pCrfops, the apoftlc 
 
 _. \^: 
 
 ,i» ^ J . ^ . 
 
5»7 
 
 dire^s theni not. to defraua each otlicr of their conjugat 
 rights> bu» requires that they >^ouId at certain times rc» - 
 ftrain themfelves, and devote thefe times tq falling ;ancl 
 prayer: but the whole tinifof the ntiqifters of the 
 church is, or at ieaft qught to be, devoted to failing jind 
 prayer, they are, therefore, by tlie apoftlc'p diF6(5lions^ %% 
 all time^ excluded f rod^ theCe rig|its» which arp at certain < 
 times allowed to others noj engaged ii^ the miniftry. 
 
 In hisfecond e|n(Ue to Timothy ii, the apostle fays to 
 that prelate: " ^}0M^» therefore, (Endure evil as a good 
 foldier of Jefus Chrift : no m<^n, who. warreth, entangleih^ 
 himfelf in the afFairs of life," that is, in temporal con- 
 cerns : it 18 needleis to (ky that the man who has a wife 
 and family to .provide fpr^ muft entangle himfelf in th^ 
 concernii of iifc^ Thi^^ therefore, is p^rphibitpd by the 
 spoftle. •' ^ , ., 
 
 independently on thefe paflages,. foiind in theapoftle's 
 writings, whi^K AjfKciently explain St. Paul's mind, on. 
 the fubj^cdb^here is a teftin^ony of great weight in fup^ 
 port of Bellarmine's ppinioq. In the Council of Car- 
 thage, a^mbted under the confullhip pf Valentinian and 
 Neotcriut on the 1 6th of the calends of J»i^y» ^^at is, on 
 thie i6th o^' June, 390, at which Genethlius, thcarch- 
 biihop of Carthage* prefidc^, and ipany bi(hop3 from 
 different provinces adi(led. 'if he continency of the mi- 
 nifters of ^hc church was faid to be of apoftolical inftitu- 
 tion. The fecond ^non of theOouncil is thus expreffed : 
 '* omnibus placet ut Epijcopi^ Iftejbyieri, Diaconi, vel ^ui eon' 
 ire^tnt Sacramenta, pi^iaitics Cuftodes £t:am ab uxoribus fe^: 
 abHineant, tit quod Apqjlolidocuerunt et ip/a/ervavH antiquitas 
 no: quoque tujiodiamm" that is, ** it rs agreed by alU 
 that bilnops, pric^t|» and deacons', or they who meddle 
 with the fgcramei^tf, the keepers of chaftity,abftain even. 
 frc^Ti wives> that what the apoftJet tau^bt.^nd antiquity itfelf 
 obfervcd, wc ilfo may obferve." It was b^cHeved by all 
 ^ thefe venerable prcbtes aflcmbled from different provinces, 
 that the continency of biffiops, pricfis and deacons^ was 
 of ajiodolical inititution. If any thjng couk^ add to the 
 
 force 
 
 
3i8 
 
 
 ' force of this tcftitnony, it is the approbation of the v, 
 of Carthage, in- 398, compofed of 2 14 Prelates, at which 
 St. Aaftin aflifled, the 3d C. is thus conceived : "It is 
 decreed tliAt bifliops, prlefts and deacons, according to for- 
 tfter^aiuies„ ahjlamfrom wives ; if not, let them be removed 
 fpona the ecdefiaftical office j" add to this, that the difci- 
 pline, which they fay antiquity obfervcd> is found to have 
 been univerfallyobferved before the Council of Nice ; it 
 mu ft* therefore, defcend from the appftlcs according tQ 
 St. AufUn's rule : " it is undcrftood tl^t thefe things, 
 which though not written we obferve on tradition, and 
 which arc obferved by the whole world, arc ordered by 
 the apoftle$ themfclv^s, or by plenary councils,' the ai^. 
 thority of whicli' is mod falutary in the church— ad. 
 Jan. Epif. ii8,c. i. At the council of Elvira in Splin^ 
 which was aff^mblcd near the cjofe of the Perfecution, 
 under that remorfelefs tyrant Maxipiious; at which Ofius 
 «.f Cordova, Sabiims of Seville, PlafJUs of Elvira, Libc- 
 riua of Merida, Valerius of Saragofia, a celebrated con^ 
 feflbr, with other venerable prelates affiftcdv k was or- 
 dered, Can. 33, that bifhops, prjefts and deacons, an4 
 aU ^thcr clerks engaged in the mlniftry. fhouid abftaia 
 from wiviBS. - ' ' 
 
 In the Council of Neoccferca in Cappadocia, at which 
 Vital, patriarch of Antioch, prelided in the year 314, it 
 
 . was ovdci cd, that if a pricft prefumed to giai^ry k^ Ihould 
 bc'depofcd. — Can, I, •'■' ^■ 
 
 I'hefe Councils were celebrated before the Council of 
 Nico> the difcipline therefore, was not introduced by a 
 General Council. In the Council of Nice the qucftion 
 was not ^fculTed, hut there if a ouioii which fuppofes it to 
 be univcrfally obferved i *f the holy fynod abfcilutely for- 
 bids the bilhop, pried, or deacon to have any woman in 
 his houfe. if it bi not a mothtfr, a lifter, or an aun t, or, 
 
 tr. J * . 
 
 fach perfons as banidi cycry (ufykloii, e a mtna pro/o^a 
 pajan upopfmn diaptpheugen**^'C^n» 3, - TWs canon ma- 
 nifeftly fuppoTes the minifters of the church in a date of 
 jptttiucncy i for if. they were married* tWJ prohibitioft 
 
 . ^ l..;.;jL ,,* ... , •• ■ ■LJr ' .-' - - , ••' ^ would 
 
»»■.■■;■ .^r»" 'ir, ' » -"■'" ." , " '•SS. 1'* 
 
 3»9 
 
 Would have been not only ufclefs but ridiculous, avrife 
 is neither a mother, a fiftcr nor an aunt. To cell a mar- 
 ried man that h<. mull not have his wife in his houfis* 
 furpaffes abfurdity ; and where therd^s a wife, her 
 fiftcTs, her mslids^ heir goflips and vifit^arits muft have 
 accefs. 
 
 Hence} it appears that Sozomen was mianformed, 
 when in his hiftor^, written aboiit 236 years after the 
 council of Nice, he (aid that Paphnutius engaged the 
 prelatesthere aitcmbled, jo permit biftiops and priefts w 
 cohabit with their w|Vcs. Such a permiffion is irrecon^ 
 ciiable with their decree. Innocent I. better inforn\ed 
 than Sozoiiiert, ftncw rio fuch permiffion : In his decretaj* 
 letter to ViclriciUSvbid^opL of Rouen, dated the 15th of 
 thecalendsojtJ^iarch, under the confulfliip of Honoriui 
 and Arlfterct, that is> the 15th of February, 404, ppe 
 hundred years before Sozomen was born, and but 6g 
 years affer the council of Nice, the pontiflP fays : ." the 
 church muft in all things obferve that priefta and levite* 
 (deacons) be not' carnally united with their wives be- 
 caufcthcy are occupied in the rieceffary works jof the 
 daily miniftry ; and it is written * be you holy becaufe I 
 am holy,'— .(Lev* 1 1) for if in old times the priefts did 
 not depart from the temple of God during the year of 
 their miniftry, as we read of Zacharias,(Lukc i.) nor 
 did they return at all to their houfe, though, on account 
 df the fucceffion, they wtfre permitted to marry, becaufe 
 it was ordered that none fliould be admitted to the pricft* 
 hood biit of* the defendants of Aaron, how much more , 
 ftriAly fhoulfi thefc priefts and levites obferve chattity, 
 f'rom the day of their ordination, whofc miniftry it 
 without fuccclfion, and noda^ pafles on wKichihey are 
 not obliged to ;>ttcnd to the divine facrifice's or the office 
 ofbaptifm.'* ft will be admitted that this pontiff, one ^ 
 
 »f the moft karnccL.and pious prelates o f a n ci e nt times 
 
 knew the decrees of /he council of Nice better than a ' 
 court lawyer, who ipkes conjedures founded on vague^ 
 report. fnpooBpt I, not 0% attcfti the difdphnc but < 
 
 • * tffignt 
 
. iV 
 
 ■ ,**™g*»8Jne motive, and jdftifies it, by the exanijile (>f the 
 
 Jewifh^^fts, ^ho abftained from their wives during 
 
 the time of their miniftry, and the authority of the apof. 
 
 ' tie. He thus continues : ^*^ fur a^ Piiiil, writing to the 
 
 Cottnthians, and *layiug, * abfimhhraMitliaLyou maj 
 
 'attend to prayer^* g\vt^ this pretept to the laity ; prieils, 
 
 - ^fcofe unremitting duty is to pray, ^rtti facrifice," ought 
 
 Inuch more ftriftly for ever abft-^int frbm fuch connexi, 
 
 • tm" and Jerom, better informed tKan, innocent} bv, 
 
 ^rhapSi than arvy itian of that age, dtanf otlier, aifigns 
 
 the fame reafon, founded on the faiiie authority : '* if, 
 
 fays he, in his book againft Jovpian, ** kiay-raanr, or any 
 
 *Ghriftian, cannot pray without ab^kitilng from the con- 
 
 jugal office, i\\it prieft. Who is obKgfed at ^1 titties to offer 
 
 faicpificeSforthb people, niuft always priy, • therefore he 
 
 tntift always abliiih'from marriage." 
 
 J-co the Great, in his Ifettferto Anaftatius, tiiftop of 
 ThefTalontca, in the ycdt 44^, fays : ** fo excellent is the , 
 dcftitiatloh of pricfts, t^it thefe tfeihgs', whic|i, in other 
 rtiembera df the churchi are free from fault, in them arc 
 held tti be tinlawftil : for though it be lawful for thofc> 
 who are not of the clerical order, to engage in riiarriage 
 and attend to tlie proctieitionrrtfchildfctl, yet, to' Jhew 
 tlie purity ofmorepdrfc^ chaftity:, the rtiatrinniomal con- 
 titxibn is hot allowed iveti to "Oib-deacotis ; that they, 
 Who have f'w'W/^ nva^lbe jks^ not having. f/^tfw>), and 
 they who have not,ma^ continue fingle ; but if in this 
 order, the fourth frbm the head, it be iuft that this be 
 obferved, howniUchj more ftHdfy flToiild it be dbferved 
 \A the firft, or in the fecond, or In the third, that no 
 riian may-be eftcemed worthy of the leviticaL miniftry, 
 or the pfifeftly'hrnpur,'or the cpifcppal excellency, who 
 jj not known to reftirahi himfelf from the matrifiionial 
 enjoyments 
 
 it~i5^ 
 
 cue v^ouncu 
 
 after it, bifhopsi pfteftsahd deacons were obliged Tto per- 
 
 petuar continency. Sonle did not obferve the law- True : 
 
 there ard many who tranfgrefs the lawsof Godind the|f 
 
 ^ •.. * » * country, 
 
 i.i^V-'* 
 
*T».' ^ » 
 
 ^^^.. - 
 
 -O? ' 
 
 
 321 S - 
 
 country,' the laws arc not the Icfs ftrid, the Icfs inCe, ifoi' v 
 are they the lefs obKged to, ohletve them. .- 
 
 To chat paflT;*'^ of St. Piixl, in Which^itlsfaid** tBe 
 )i{hap ought to be the hufband of one wife/' St. Jcrdih 
 iepiied to Javintan ** the epifcopia! eleaion is with on<^ -. 
 [he apoftle does not fay, let a bilhopbe chpfen, ^ho' will 
 marry one wife, ^d beget childreft, but lee him bft 
 chofcn, who has had One wife, mias gunaikos andra^ and- 
 who has childrch fiibged in all difciplinc. Surely yoti 
 confeis that he cannot be a bi(hop» who begets childrcBi : 
 from the time of Ws ordination '^^i>i^fo^tf/«,Mf he Ws. 
 detefted he will not be confidered as a hyfband, but cott* 
 demned as an adulterer f..iiy Hufbands arc chofeh for 
 the priefttiood^ I da notdeny, becaufe more priefts ixt 
 neceffary thajn there afc virgins ;" that is, men of virginal 
 chafiity qualified for the pcicfthood. In the early ages it 
 ivas hardly l^offible to find imongft the converts from the 
 JewiCh church, or from the Wthen fuperftition,a fafficlpnt 
 number (of jinen qualified for the miniftry, Who had lived 
 in a ftateof contin^ncy to the age of thirty, at which the 
 priefthoottv was conferred;^ heftce it was npt afi etfedl of 
 choice but of indifpcnfablc ncceffitY, inminy places to 
 affumcfor the miniftry married men; butthcinjunaionof 
 the apoftle was ftriftlyobferved. thai they,whowerc c;hoieA 
 for the miniftry, had been married but once, and then to 
 a virgin : for he, who, either birfore or after baptifm, had 
 been married a fccond time, or haki contra dcd with t 
 widow, or with a woman known to be corrupted, waf 
 excluded from the miniftry by the apoftle's rule, as un^ 
 derftood by the churches, which he himfelf had formed 
 and ta^ight ; when a man was choicn, whofe wife was yet 
 living, bodi he and Ihc were obliged to promife perpetual 
 continency» and ftriaiy to obfcrve their promife. Thw 
 huftjand from the apoftolical rule : *' The Biftiop mufl: 
 
 ccffary confequence of the rule ; becaufe the hufbmd 
 could not be admitted to the miniftry without her c(»n- 
 ffjtj hence if even after the death of her hufband (he 
 
 •^^ 
 
 
 9% 
 
 prcfumed 
 
\v 
 
 ' /?•> 
 
 prcfiimed to break hcf Vow, fhc, and the main with whoirt 
 
 Jhe^ontraaed a fccond engagement, were feparated or 
 
 .rerrenchcd from the communion of the Taithful : in the 
 
 lilCoifnal of Orleans, about the y^r 314, chap. 15, it 
 
 is ordered t V If a woman, the celiAof a pricft or <leacon. 
 
 unite in marriage .with any.pther perfon, let them be 
 
 feparafed,and if th<Sy perfift encreaOng the crime let them 
 
 •^^e excommunicated.*^ And, iq the Council of' Pop^g 
 
 tertm, intheyear572. irisftid: Ifthewidowof a hi- 
 
 ftqp,^prieft.or deacon, accept a hufband, let'her not com. 
 
 rinunicateiwhea dying the facraments may bp adminiftered 
 
 ^;^her. r . ■ v .; ... ... , _ 
 
 , rhe epicurc'a« doarine of modern reformifts, who 
 think the propagation of the human fpecies a neceflar/ 
 accompaniment of the .cpifcopal dignity, was not yet 
 
 ' known^to thechriftian world : thedaftrine of St. Paul^ 
 ^who prefers a ftati of .continency to the matrimonial 
 
 , 'ftate, in words a« -clearly csfreflivc a^. language affords, 
 
 ; was thought divinely infpired, and obferved with great 
 
 fimplicity-^fee Review, 158 . . . . where this qucftion is 
 
 :^ifcuffcd. Vigilantiiis, a proJligate prieft of Barcelona, in 
 
 'the beginpiijgof the V. Agej and Jovinian, -a mosc pro- 
 
 . fligate monk, a )out the fame time, undertook to undeceivd 
 the world ^ -of the latter Jerom fays : " Since he boa ft s to 
 
 ' liavebeen ajDonk, and from the fable monaftic cowl, 
 and fandals, from the mcafure of bread and watcr,,he 
 has returned to the faihionablc drcfs, all white j' to the 
 iBoft excellent wines and bcft'cookcd diihcs j to the fcups 
 of »Apitiu8 and *Paximus j to the bath j to the paftry 
 cook's (hops, and the taverns j is it not manifeft that he 
 prefers earth to heaven, vice to virtue, and his, belly to 
 Chrift?" What, if he had heard the Gcrinan Apoftle 
 preaching to his difeiples : ** AS it is not in my, power 
 not to be aman,f )it is not in my power to live without 
 a wife, and that is more neceflkiy for me than to cat of 
 to drinic, or to Miffy the other ncccffiiia "of!l the bo- 
 
 .. iL ,^^ -_ ,L ii^.sv^^^..^-,L .. • : ^-^^ ^. ^*ia,., -. . , dy ^ 
 
 f . A C( |{ brat^d cook mentioned by Juvenal. , . 
 
 ». A Greek, ot great renown aaioii8& liflcureaiJ«, mentioned by SuiJai. • 
 
•It • 
 
 3*3 
 
 
 ^y . . . if W4VCS be obftinatc, it is fit that the hiifbands te^l 
 lh,emi if you- will not, anotlier will j if the nvillrefi wlU 
 yot, tlie maid will come ?"— Luther's fermon, cited by 
 Pluc^uet. . What would Jdr,om have faid, if he had h'feard 
 the whiningV"^» for declamation it cannot be called, of 
 modern tefpcmiftsagaihft all unp'rofitabie aujfimtiei, . 
 
 Thata ftateofcontlnenqy in prefijrenoe to the inatrimo«.^| 
 niai ftate i^recomiiiended, though not enjoined^ ift the gof*,' j^ 
 pel and the lapollolical ^y^iungs, is denied by none^ ifxiot' 
 by thpici Avhofe jgnorance is not only contemptible, h^t 
 degrading: leirned pra;eftants admit it, Grotlus.in hiscorh- ^ 
 mentary on the i li epiftle to the Corintha^ns, vii ; Fbrbe«, -^ 
 in his fifilbook ofmpral Theology ; and Dod well, in Kis,^j| 
 lecond diiferiatiop on the chronology of popes, amongft "" 
 Pearfon's poft humous, works, acknowledges, that, in confc- 
 quence of St. Paul's advice,^ virginity wa$ cft6<;n>ed, anci 
 many virgins inftitutcd in the time of pope Clement, of- 
 whom St. Paul fpeak? in one of his epiftles. We know 
 from better aurliarity than Dad well that perpetual contS.'. 
 nency \ta*in high repute> ?nd ftridlly obferved by many ' 
 in the apoftle's days, ^and ever iincedown to this prefcttt 
 day: it: has been already feewn that Philip the.«^angclift'i , 
 * four daughters lived ih aJ* ftate bf pl^rpetual continency :' 
 this is a^tefteUbf St. Luke^Aas-xxj, 8, and by Polycrate^;.^'^ j 
 bilhop of Ephcius, who calls Philip an apoftle ; he wais f ^ 
 one of the feveii deacons. Juftin, the philofopher, who 
 fiiflfered martyr Jlom about the year 1 67, in his apology^ :^ - 
 addreffed to the emperi>rs Titus fc^ius, Antoninus, and Lul * 
 ciup, the philofof^her,' tofche Senate and Rpm^ns, \n ordct 
 to diiabufe the Heathens, and vi*Tdic«tc thet^orality of 
 Chriftians " fronts^ nnifreprefentationi after citing thcfc 
 jjaffages from the 'gofpel "vf^hich recommend chaftity, 
 and condemn eytn impure thoughts, faj^'.^**^tlicrc ate 
 many men* and women, \vl^o prcfcfvc their virginai 
 
 having fo llowed 
 
 m 
 
 purity tj? the age of fixty or fcvcnty . 
 
 i^ 
 
 'the doadnc of Chria from their ipfin^*'**" ^^'^ or 
 Aihcnagoras, a Chriajan. philofophcr, alfo, in his apoh " 
 logy oflcrcd to the emperors Marcus. AAirdius ahd Luci- 
 
 . ' ' "•■•■'.■■ ■). ••'■•■''■*:.' ■•'>■: . us 
 
 ■(••/ 
 
 .-*■ V 
 
iH 
 
 
 ,^i Vcrus, in juftification o£ Chriftian inorau|, fliys • 
 .^ you will find amqngft y^ many pcrfons of bol^ fexcs 
 ■ who gro^y old in ^ ftate of perpetual continencyilh^ping 
 :.,*n that ftatc to be more perfeaiy united to God•»^ 
 V? PrJgenes, in cap. 1 5, ad. Ilbm. "what we^o beyond 
 what IS due, wc do not do from precepts, for rnftance vir. 
 .ginity IS not paid from a debt, for it is not Exalted by 
 ^, » precept, but it il oflfered beyond all debt V^^od inh's 
 \ ^3d homily on the bi)oJ?:Qf Numbers, he fays; it is cer- 
 ^ ^ain that the pprpetUal f^crificc is impeded by thofc 
 ,^ho are fubfervient to conj^gal ncceffities, whence it ap. 
 .pears to me that, to offer the facrificc is his duty exclu- 
 .fively, who^devotes himfel^ to uncgajing and perpetual 
 chaftity." Eufebius bf C^farea thought fo too, in his 
 "F« bool^ of evangelical dcmonftration, eh. 8, he fays : 
 ,** It bfcomfiih ttefe, lyhp ^re confccrated, and occupU 
 cd m the nmijftry, and'in thedivine^ woHhip, tq contain 
 themfclves^om any «>mm<?rce with their wives.*? The 
 ^.Germanic apoftle, thanPcneral^lc patriarch of reforming 
 memory, had not ye;t thundered out this n^w-modelled 
 do^rine : '*i/ihe wife willmK ih^ maii will ^ome." 
 
 3t. Jerom, in <iefencc of his bool^s. ^gainft Jovj. 
 
 .man, ifi >vhich" fome cxprcifioiis were thought toreflea 
 
 ^^^n tht^ ipatyiiiiqnial ftate. writes thus to Pammaehuis: 
 
 ♦•read, ( pray you, a»^ diligently copfidcr the words 
 
 A pf the apoftle (I. Cor. yii.) and you >^iH fee that to avoid 
 
 ^ calumny, | h?^e J)cen much more indulgent to married 
 'l^rfons th^u the apoillc 4cfired. Origines, Dennis, Picrius, 
 
 '" lufet)ius, .of iP^farea, X^idymus and Apollinaris have 
 
 ino^ copiouHy OaiifmeJ explained this cpiftlc. of whom 
 
 . ftmm ?iifcuffing the fpijf^ «^ t|ic apoillc, and propo- 
 
 ♦PgilP JjJ^^Jdftte this M^^t'/nv^ouidbave all men as I 
 
 .^ffi,' ad^s : \tMU\^ leg^n.^fi^uh^ anttkrui agamiam keruJfiC ' 
 
 * |*Aul faying this, ^)ih\\Q\yf^'CQ^i^\it^ perpetual continency '' aga^.^ 
 i^^.^f...? ^^^^^^ ;^^g"» ** continues Jerom,j)ray is iny^ 
 
 ^ fault i^ What leverity f ^All that I have writ ten compared 
 ^ this one {bntence arc infignificant, teviMma:* .^,,. , 
 
 r 
 
 ^ this one fentence arc infignificant, tevijjiuia,' 
 
 ^|%his catalogue of cccl<?fiaftical writers, $t. Jcrom fays 
 
 •/ . ■ , ' '.-/'■''■ . / ■' , . of 
 

 3^5 
 
 >of Pieri^, that from Ws great doq^encc and perFisft 
 knowledge of diale6Vics and rhetoric, he was called the 
 youiigcr Origcncs. But Jerpm was a monk. True 5. 
 and Pierius. of whom he writes, was fond of an afcetti^ 
 life, ^ miraqfiejoi appetitorem'*'* They were monks qf 
 thepld fchool, not hogs from the fty of Epiourusi. The 
 
 'Works of |erom, yet ext^^nt, flicw him to hav^ been th« 
 moft intelligent, an(^ beil informed man of his age j the 
 writer add^, without fearing a contradiftion, that his 
 equal has ndtl'fince his time, been feen. fhe wprksof 
 Pierius arc unliartuna^elx loft. They were extant in 
 the fourth centirry when Jerom wrote j but the ^orks 
 
 'of a man of grater authority, whom Jerom cites as 
 his mafter, and to Whom he fays no Latin writer xm^ 
 c(^ual, that is, Gregory pf/Jizianzen, are yet cxtstnt : he 
 wirote a poem in hex:«iatir verfe, in Which the vir^bal 
 and matrimonial ftates are introduced difputing thus 
 concluding:*** Suzughn poth^onUs 9tncn ge fiephouji karenoH 
 parlhenih Chriftos de didous grai atnphoterotfi tinmen dexiteri 
 parefiefetai egguthi cheiriien d'et^en la& kudos deU kai iatiugi* 
 ftonA Even they who defire marriage crown the head 
 of ^arginity.i Chril^lt, who gives a reward' to both, witt 
 
 ' makV the one (virgiriity)'ftand to the right near his hancl» 
 ^ and (he other (the matrimoniill Hale) to the ^eft,and U\at 
 alfo is, a very great honour," 
 
 Let the reader difpaiHonately compare the do^rine of 
 thcfe ancients, confeffcdly the moft corrcft, the moft in- 
 telligent, the moft accurate, and the moft eloquent of 
 eccleliaftical writers, whether Greek or Latin, with the 
 canting dialed of modern reformift^, and then judge, if 
 It be true, as they pretend, that they have realTumed the 
 form of the primitive church. Let him ferioufly reflc^l 
 on a fad, which the world knows, thkt is, that Luther^ 
 Oecolampadius, with aU their afibciate^, were ntonl^ or 
 h<»f the^urfeh of Roaae^ ^aptUcd in that church, 
 
 had made their foienin vows, and promifes of perpetual 
 continency according to the difcipline of that church>. 
 ^hich commenced with It, and continued without, yariau 
 

 '?!• '«* 
 
 
 r^^^,v^^^ 
 
 II f ■ • 
 
 ^. 
 
 32g 
 
 H ' 
 
 > * 
 
 
 jVk^O untii the time of their apoftacy ;; that thefe tncR, 
 in tit)e face of the wpj*ld, broke their vows and promifes; 
 re^rdleCs of a difcipline authorifed by the api>ftles, 
 > fo^ .venerably for its aiitiq^ujty, .and if he can thpn pre- 
 \a^lp;iiliiiBfelfto believe, that the God of Xruth and 
 -3a^clity, ftik fudh unfandified mifcreants tO' rcfornx his 
 :^hurch, ihe AVriter is at ilofs to. coujeci^r?, \yhom he 
 ^\f ould p^n ^miffaries of the Ekrmpp. - 
 
 'tThfe facts ftate<i a|-e incoj[>trovertible, tlie only queftion, 
 •tji^tcan come undjpr diicuffipn is,, whe^^r thefe monks. 
 Wer^ojjliged io perform their vows^or not ; ^his quefti- 
 i^^ tn»ght:,mthfpmq propriety, bc4ife»ffedin. the School 
 ^ifEpicujrus : h« is fjota chriaian who doubts it ; it is 
 Jfeij/anxioiTji in morality, thjvt a man^ who, free from con- 
 jfeiy%Pl^onaifc^what isgopd in itfelfV lawful and Dr.ffi. 
 1^%«f/>Pliged tp,.p^^ th^t coivtlncncy 
 
 .i#s^ood, lawful, poUible, and even laudable, is true, or 
 ^^^.PaMlviias afalfe teacher : inhis firft epiftle to ,Corin. 
 -thians, yU, i, the a^oftlc fayi:. 'X/V h g^odfor a man not 
 i^$ppr,6fiih4 wjfi^ *' M^/m mthropkgunaiktis me apt,ejihai** , 
 apd hc'^adda, V. 27 v art ihm nt^ bound to a wife? le- 
 Ma (fp& gunaikQi ; do not 'fitk a. nv>ft"me zetei gunaika. 
 If the apoltle called that ^yhich is W, unlaw fjul QvimpoJftlAe^ 
 good; 9r.if he exhorted Chriftians to pradifethat which 
 is hadf unlawfutQt impojibh, he ^yas a, falfe teatk^ j 
 jftw/iVw^, rherefotc, which he called -^-iPff^, to which he 
 '■■ <ixhorted theiaithful, is ,i}ekher bad in itfelf,. uplavvfyt 
 ^rimpoflible ; hence it manift>ftly follows, th^t thcfe 
 l-^fprpijlng inoivks,>«nd prieft^,.afld all thefe nuns, vv':hom 
 jhey Jl^duced from tlj^ir. coRyc«ts^ Were petjured apof. 
 fates tS;|liis is not -aq^abftsrufe ^gueftion ; tliit man i^iuft 
 J^^ttoa^cp^m tably ftp pid , who <fiQcfii 5n0t conceivlc it. » ' 
 i^#;J!iMsjf?pift!e,we find thq. apottk's folmiort of fome 
 «||^jjij^i^^. prppofed to htrp by che Chriaians of Corifith : 
 . ** ' of t hf^lK I ' M ng'^ , c.QP<:firj iagJKhich y pm. ^'terotp to me - ^^ 
 -|l Is gopd for a ih^i ppt ftp ,?ippi:oa^h a wife;, (or Woman) 
 
 ^««tf/%.; btpjt oii.accQunt of furnica,tioii4c-.kt each man 
 h»ye hi^wn w.^fe,, ^ %ish. wOmao.IijprQwn hu^and*" 
 
 ▼ •'■< : ■ ■ ^ 
 

 3^7 . 
 
 vii, 1-2. tt is hardly poflible to recothm^hd ton'ttiaefSci^- 
 with greater force ; Pierius Was juftified whdfn hesf^i<l* 
 that Paul publkly preached perpetual coiitinency l %l^ 
 the apoftle recommends cofftinency ^veri iii'^the maprife^ 
 (late, it is true, he requires the mutual corifent of botl^^ 
 partieSfvfor without it that virtue is not regulafty pracli-' 
 cable in the married ftatt. " It is good,*- fays he, ** fol^-' 
 a man not to appfoach a wife." As' there is nothing^, 
 oppofite to good but evil, and the conjugal "rights ex- 
 empt ^om evil, the apoftle may -be tinderftobd by rl«i' 
 term kaloti,go0d, to exprefs the id^a of ti/efiil or expe^^iy 
 this is the greateft latitude that can be admitted j hence 
 we muft conclude that though conjugal accefsbe allowed 
 to prevent a v^ry. great evil, that is, fornication j it tj?- 
 not expedient'for the falvation of the parties ; could th^d* 
 apoftle more eXprefsly recommend contlWency I The ap>-, 
 prehenfion ol evil does Hot rend(*r that which iS good or; 
 expedient, in itfelf, bad or inexpedient ; but it authorifiSi^ 
 thit, which is inexpedient, to prevent what i^ criminal j , 
 however greSt the impediments in the true path, it i$ bet»* 
 ter to perfeverje in it, than deviate from it ; but if th'eapi^ 
 prehenfion of evil be removed, a wife man in His choice o#* 
 means will give the preference to that whick is good,' 
 and expedient : the ftep is more fteady even in ihd true 
 path when all inrtpedjment^ "are removed. *The apoftte^ 
 continues : " Let the hufband render unto the wife diie* 
 henevolenccr and in like manner the Wife to the* huf* 
 bimd.** Benevolence is of indifpenfablfe necefilty, whether'' 
 they live in a ftate of continency or not, hence the apof- 
 tle ftri«f^lyenJ9ins it, and immediately adds*. " the wife 
 has not the power of her own body, but the hufband, 
 in like manner the huiband has not the power of his own 
 body> but the wife." This truth prefuppofcd, he fay? : 
 *^do not you defratid one the Other,if it be not by mutual 
 i^3ffi fnrwTimeftJT the exercrfe-of f aft iiig and prayci^ 
 Thfs. obfervation juftifica the truth of his firft affertioii/ 
 that it is not expedient for a tnan to approach a wife |> 
 rmi gives weight to the advice, which he giVeii t(3f ttii^ 
 *. ' - - / Unmarried 
 
 
 /r-^ 
 ^^■1 
 

 ^r-^- 
 
 32* ' 
 
 
 , unmarried, to perfev<ire in ihiit ftate : foi^ What tan b« 
 more inexpedient than to depend on the will of another 
 ^tbn for the e-xercife of fafting and prayer, which, 
 however dcfpifed^and negleftcd by the difciples' of Epi* 
 curus, was thought expedient and ufeful by Paul, his 
 fellow apoftles, and their diifciples > Yet, howpypf^kex- 
 pcdient conjugal accefs, it is lawful, and may prevem 
 great evil, hence the apoftlc permits them to refume th\ 
 exercife of their marriage rights after they have fpent 
 fome time in fading an4 prayer, f left,'* fays he, " Satan 
 tempt you on account of your incohtinency." To Con- 
 vince them that their return to thefe rights, from which 
 they had abftained by mutual confent, was not a duty, the 
 apoftle declares it to be ffi^iply ^ permiffion and indul. 
 gence: " this Ifay accorcynj^topermiffim, not accord- 
 ing to precept : " iouto de^lego kata Sugmmenou kaf epita- 
 X^a" The apoftle exhorts to what is good and expedi- 
 ent, and he permits what is inexpedient but to pr'evenr a 
 great evil : in the enfuing words the apoftle explains his 
 thoughts without refer ve :" I would have all men to be 
 as^ I am myfelf." The apoftle was not dependant on tf ;« 
 _54H of another : he wasfoje mafter of his will, aj> he was 
 of his bodVi which he chaftifed with ftripestnd reduced 
 % (ervicude, left whilft he preached to others he fliouJd 
 himfelf be reprobated. Mia upopiaai to /oma mou kai dou* 
 iagago meph allots hruxas autox adokimos genetai. The 
 apoftle, if we believe himfelf, thought thefe aufterities, 
 which chaftife the body and keep it in a ftate of fubjecli* 
 on, indifpenfably neceflary to avoid perdition^; our ma- 
 dcrn reformifts think ibem unprofitahk, Southwell, who 
 could not think of informing his readers that the apoftle 
 ufed ftripes to punifli himfeif, it has fuch aR appearance 
 of popifhfuperftition, tranflates upopiazb, I keep under. Let 
 his reader confult Schrevelius' lexicon, he will find 
 
 Jt M ■"• y a J\ ww~9^^^^^i^w % ^^^i^wmtn ^y|y/y^yyy rFiTPlMJ - _ mmtr w —a*^ 
 
 HMantem. The reader wilKpardon this fliort digrfeffion, 
 as St. Paul was well aware that it is better to continue 
 in the true path, though rendered difficult ^y numbcr- 
 
 t,^ ' 7^- ('■ i -V ■ • ' left 
 
 ..>'. - 
 

 i^9, ;, ■ ■"■''' 
 
 fs impcdiiuents th^n to (^ray fi'on) it cptircly, he.pct- 
 ais married perfon? to enJ9y the priyileges qf ttj^ir ftatcj, 
 arns ^hem of their dangerr and intiiiiates hi« wifti, 
 tnat, to remove all impediro^njs, th?y W051I4 by mut\i4 
 confcnt Uve in a ftate of coi>tincuA^„*' fkaUh:j^. «'^9 ^fV^ 
 wi'ocs^ may be as mt having, them**' ■.) > ; . r rr .s .^^r 
 After giving hb inftruclions to perfons engaged in the 
 itiarried ftatj?, the apoftlc ipftfuas thofe who arefrep 
 from fuch ah €%agemen!t ; " but I % to the uninWr 
 tied aud t© widows : Jt is good fo^ them if |:l»ey perfcvei^ 
 as 1 do } but if they d^ nQt, contain. tUenifelves let t;hei^ 
 marry i for it Is better to ^arry ^than burn." M \^ 
 his inftruaion ^0 matried pcrfons he-pei:nnitst|ic txfe of 
 marriage not a? good or expedient, but through the ap- 
 prehenfion of dangerj^^SiSj pa?t of the oargp iS fomctimea t 
 thrown into the iiea tQ faye the veffel fjpm finJs:ing, fov ; 
 in his inftruaion to the Unmarried, he permits the con- 
 ^lAi9f the famereafooi "if they (io not eontain them-5 
 S- - ¥' \^^^^ niarry 5 for it is J^^tt^r ^crmarry than 
 burn*' {be burned). Southweft'5 verfion of this paffage, 
 b^fides being horribly Impious, infultJ n^ajtil^nd : he 
 makes the apoftlc fay i *' if they cannot tontain themjehei* ^ ^ 
 Whit ! Is it that there arc Chriftians who cangot con- 
 tain themfel^es ? A' young wpijis^n who cannoi be roarri* 
 ed in early Ufe, or accorcUngto her rank in fociety, rauft 
 (he prqftitutc hei-fetf ? rhere is no meap i flic muft cpli- 
 tain herfelf, or prpftitute hci;felf. A wife in tbe abfenctf 
 of her hufband, or ahuiban^i in the abfence of bis ^J^^ 
 muft they break their jjromife of i&deUty f )^hat ifidpu- 
 dence to affert it ?, If 4iie apoftle had faid it, hisepilije 
 ^ould never have fpund a place amongft canonical wrl- 
 Slngs. . Southwell calumniates tiw apoitle : he gives his 
 deluded readers the fuggefl ions of the Demon of un- 
 cleanncfs for the d6arine of the Qod of Truth and Sanc- 
 
 to which our^ modern 
 
 ^^ 
 
 M 
 
 Reformifts invite their readers! !n tbefe they muft find 
 
 ]^ ^%h without which ]t U impoffible to picafe Godl ' 
 
 Tl^ words gf th^ apoftlc are fo .clearly intelligible thae 
 
 r/'"^-^'';:-;-'---..-';:' . ■- /R« ■ ■ . ■■■"'. they 
 
 ■IM 
 
) 
 
!»'«,- 
 
 4*4 
 
 ■:,i«? 
 
 •- (-"» «A 
 
 •therefore, an imended m&Ldod ifi de o«k egkrateuontai 
 gamefatofaff^iA they do not cohtaih themfelves, let them 
 ^arry;^*- Ihe -ipoflle permits rnarriage t6 prevent 
 '^Ines i 'hffc dck» not prfefcribe ft as a prefervative againft 
 temptations: for a temptation howcver^reat does not 
 /^tirn, it is the confcnt of the will, ^hich conftitfates the 
 I V ;^|crime, it is the c^ime which burns, iiot the temptation, 
 I ; 5^^^*^** *»y t>e repelled. Tfic alternativ<is (hew how 
 ftrongly prepoifeffed th% MSipoftle was agaihft the matri- 
 monialftate, cortfid^redas an impediment In the way of 
 i*lvation, though he admitted it to be lawful and honora. 
 ll«?. After giving fome inftruaions to Chriftians, who 
 were engaged in marriage \0 Heat4»ens before their con- 
 *^erfion tq the faith, St. Paul refutoes the comparifon be- 
 •twcin the miarried andthe Unmarried ftatbs, and moft 
 perfuafiyely recbmnvnds the htter : *' concerning vir- 
 gins^' {ay9 he, -^' a cdmmandmchtoftfcd Lord 1 have 
 J^l '; hut a counfcl \ givfc as having received mei^cy from 
 ^•/pie Lord to be faithftil, r think therefore this to be 
 i good on actount of inl^nt neceffity j becaufe it is gooH 
 for a man to be fo. AH thou boundioawife ? Seek no{Jo 
 be loofed^ Art thou Mt hound to a wifif. Do hot feek a 
 vfifV' What could the apoftle fay more ? CoUi4 he 
 'dirc<?t married men to difmifs their wives? It Would 
 liavc been impious., Could he order unmarried mco to 
 defift from engaging in the matrimoliial ft ate : no, he 
 *Jhad no fuch precept from the Lofd. It is a maxim that 
 what is not forbidden is lawiful, howeVcr inconvenient 
 or inexpedient it may be, the apoftle thcteforfc permits 
 •what is lawful though inexpedient, and advifes that 
 'which is' lilio lawful, and expedient : " if," continaes 
 hte, ** thou marry, thou haft not fitined j and if a 
 virgin man*y Ihe hath not finned j but fuch will 
 
 fefe j and I f paie yo n ;^^^1tc^ 
 
 »-- 
 
 apoftle had already urged one motive to engage the un- 
 ^ ? fturried to perfevcre in a ftate of contincncy : becaujfc it 
 :'^ls espa^ient for ialvation to be abfolutely independent on 
 
 [*^^! '. ;.., .-■,•• ' ^:. . ;., the 
 

 ^€|. wittof anotWr,, Tb^^ttiothrc. wMch ba ftrong '" 
 ioduceraept to embrace a, A»tc.|>i^^®nwnen^^^^ headd« 
 another, which" deters a ^Hou^ i»an fr^nri; the ip^tri-. 
 mqniaL, ftatpr-^tbc married- wiljblwi*^ tribqijuion in the 
 £e{hi apd Ifpare ypu,^ T^er^^arccr^^ ' 
 
 l(ate, and in^ortifications ^navoidab^e> wbich-tbe ap9.ftl^ 
 cxpreffesjwitli great energy, calling thpm, ^^tp;Mat'mM 
 tbefliiJJ^C'Mijifif^de. te/arki... Of thefehc w^^n^d bif ,dift 
 ciples, expreflTiqg his wiftithMAbey fcpuVlayoiciitljeWKi 
 " /j^f^j'(?K/'-ln.,bi9 reply: tQ^M^li^ 
 vifed, cQntitKJncy; by m)i|p$K^nfep«, becaufe it,is § x^t 
 dientfor falyatipn, , After. giving ^ircaionS/.^ptb^- 
 married, be preffcs th? fepc a^vjce on tbis.gfin,cralHMit 
 live : " becaufe the time is^contraae^^'^' ^tl^.kaimjuntf' 
 taimems,* it tljerefore remain^ that t^ey.wfehave wiv^$ 
 be as not having, ti^pai." * . . v" The fig^r<? of this world 
 paflfes, t woi»14 bave you-fPc« from fblicitiicU, the un^ 
 ntarried nian is^ folicitoua about the things of the Lord, 
 how to pleafe tl^e Lord ; bilt the naarrjcd man is folici- 
 tous abqut tke things o^thc, w,orId^ h^w^to pleafe the 
 
 wife/.V'-.'" ■■■ "^ •. ■ ,' ■■■-■ J ; ■ "■' ■•-'■ ■*';-'■ 
 
 The apoft le did nql think; the benedi^bn conferred on 
 piir firt^parents to peopte-ihe wprld,<a benedicljon not 
 confined U^ mankind exclufively ; for it was given- in %\m 
 fame terms to the beafts^of thefield}.a pFcc|pt "^^^K 
 obliged their defcenflants now that the world is full of- 
 people ; he thought it full time to thiok of 4>eqpUng tb*|\^ 
 world, for; ^hich . wc> were, , originally intended, hcw3# 
 with alLh'w powers of perfuafton .he. advifed his difciplcs 
 to begin hereon earth thft,>ft%tcpfpcr|e|%/:on|inciicy 
 which will, continue, j^r ever. herealEterA " when they 
 fcall rife fron> the tilftad,.th^,n?itheir,pvarrY nor arc ftjven, 
 in marriage, bnt^irc^asthc aug^U who wp in Hcav«ii«,r 
 —Mark xii, %s^ % ^heftatc of jhc Eled after the R«- 
 fnr r *.^ji m K f a ft atc of p grff^ton, whichMi pChriflj a n - 
 
 Kill-i^eippic ta4fnyi perpet»a}^^ 
 
 a^leaion. Hence follow two confequences, the fifll 
 
 .tha^jthis apoftb was juftificd, in recommending it, tlM 
 
 ■ V ^ */, 
 
 l^^t 
 
VI?, 
 
 md that hei'i*^otfo^a6aiiiffc^«irni>t itlWkn^^ Wfeit 
 wili b6 thetatc^ftlicfe facrilegfoas N^ks whorenoune- 
 edit ?Or^hfttthfeif*teol.their fuccefl^rs/^Ebfoftrtfnu. 
 Jrtlfly eRy^a^fourtoiimtiniit the dclufion ? ^^ ;^. " 
 ?^T^rc ait eceiefiaftics in the Greek church'incotfiinu^ 
 «6ri ^iih the See of Home, dnfgaged in the matrimonial 
 ftati^*. y»t,^ but thtfy arc engaged befdre their admiflion 
 to oi-dfers, and are n^Wp aUoiyed to eomraa a fecbnd 
 engagement, nor arc tbisy Jidrn^tted Id afeeWd to the 
 cpifcopal order In the ^jOynwint#t*hat privilege, which 
 tht peifeverlng impormnitybeth« Creeks, after re- 
 peated refaCa's, at l<m^h cx«iort^<i%n fome unluc;ky day. 
 |h tbeyearjefgi, ahoqt eleven years after the njjkji^ 
 neral Cotinql, fdme prelates aflcmfeled at Cbnflj |(M^ le, 
 in tji^e hall <^ tl^e palace called Triilhjs. and,lBSnng 
 the name <xf^ Couhcil, though not called by prbperau- 
 thority, nor sicfcnowJci^gedTiKejrpifetended to iftake ca, 
 noris of difciplinc. which the fifth and txth QertcraF 
 Councils h^d not done, hence that Affembly was called 
 % the Greeks Penthem, and by the Latins ^inifextum, 
 In their thirdcanon they fay i ** the Homans areattach- 
 (o& to thfc exaclnefs ofrulc; they who depend on the Sec 
 of Conftantinople h^v<i more condcfcenfion, we combine 
 both in order ^o avoid ^xtefs, wher^for* they who have 
 i>een twice married before the 15th of January of the 
 laft fourth indiclion of the year •e 1 09, (hall be dcpofed ; 
 th^ywhofe marriages have been diffolved bitfore that 
 day, fliill b(^ continued in their rank, but interdided 
 Irom all fiin(^i6n»ytn future Wc'fentw the caifon, which 
 jjprohibits the prdination of bifliob, ptiei^'oi'dfe^^c^n, or 
 il^iby p?t{on |i^>hattvef , iPaiili at the Clergy, wjio 
 flwH have been tM^ce ttiarri^, or who (haU have had a 
 ti*ncubipe after baiptifmi or #ho fliall have nfarried a 
 ^idow, or adivorccd^omatt,6!'i courtesan, a flave, or 
 
 ^t apoaolical canoat wlii ch grc Unyi ca^iiirtady liSth : he 
 
 -k 
 
 ■Si'Ij ii 
 
 
 m^ 
 
 , .. ...n^Tk.i i'. > • •* ■' - . 
 
 •Tlj# fourth indifliooof the yetr 6199 of (hs wotldt' correfpondi with 
 th^fCar69U,. „_^\^. J, . ' -T , 
 
'i' 
 
 t w 
 
 m. 
 
 . vs»& 
 
 or fiis hA^ a' eo^ficublhfc^ <fann<)t be a bifliop, prieft or dcai 
 €6«V W fiifklly f»f thiB Xitelrdof al catalogucy ^ f »^ Confirti^ 
 fa£i?rdoMi^--ry^ : her^^<*^%^ -ips^r^^^ a widow^ oi 
 a woman fepara ted fi^oin her biiftfehd by a divorce, or ^ 
 proRtfu>e, ora flave, ot any oJthefe H^oroen engaged ioi 
 t|ie public ihewlji cannot be a bJdojpf, prrleft^^^^eacoiv, 
 or of the (acerdotal coramimity .*** - ^ ' r<^ " " " ;^| 
 
 The Aflfembiy cpBtfnties : " as it is fot^nd in tite^ait 
 nons, that V^ader^ irtd choirifters only are a;ltowcd to, 
 inarry aft ei" their firft admiflip^, We forbid all fiilsfei 
 deacons, deacons, and priefts to nfiarfy tinder the penal^^ 
 ty of depofitioh ^ if therefdre any oftbetli dcfire to iriar* 
 ry let them doit before :hey ent*r intpi any of thcfeor- 
 dei's." ITie canon to whidi . t hey allodc is the 26th of 
 the apoftolickl canons : it is thas conceiveji : "of thcfc. 
 who unrnarried are entered anftOR^ft the clergy, * qui 
 Ccelibes inCleram pern^erunt* wc order that rea(^rs only 
 and choirifters may ^arryif they wiM." r- t «ir 
 
 5rhc affcmbly of Trullus fay ^n theip i f rh can. fe 
 canfcwe kno^'lkat ih the church trf the Romans it is 
 tradition fn thi order of^e' canon : " ipiii^ tn it Rsmai^ 
 ckkijia en taxti Kanmf paradedofthai diegndmM/*'lsi0i 
 they, who arc to be ordained isifliops.. priefts or deacoriii 
 muft confefs that they will not cohabit with their wives j 
 but wc, following the pcrfeftion of the ancient apoftoUca^ 
 canon; defire that the marriages of thefe^ who are in holy 
 ordctfu fubftft without depriving them oi the cbropatty 
 of their wive* but in the pr*oper times ; fo that if any 
 oiiebe thought Worthy to be ordained fub-deacoru <Jca-* 
 con or prieft, he (hall not be excluded m accouat of be^ 
 ing engaged in lawful ms^rdage, and at the' tiitt^ of t^ 
 'ordination he (hall not be reqtilred to abfbia ftoui tBe 
 company of his Wife, nbt to diftionour marriage, whieh 
 lifS inltituftd ilnd"BleiTed with im company \~ww 
 kn^ alfb that the Fathers of the Council of farthagtr 
 ottJeredi that fub.dea<J«,dcacotis aft^f*!cft8,fliOul^ 
 
 ^si 
 
 jAl 
 
 Ibftabi fy^ their wives,*€Corditig J? proptr term, 
 
 ,1r;V' 
 

 ..»••' '■' . ■ ■ ^ ■'■ ■■'■■■ 
 
 - ^al. foUowiiig' the apofiolif^I traditioii w(j ijniji)^^ <l^i,^: 
 Ujc- time of every thing, principallyr#f faftiiig, ^1314 ;pmy«^ 
 cr : for itis^hecefiTarx that th^y, >vho approa^a tM^lt9#» 
 &0uld be. pisrfe^i^ vCOQtitieni: ;at the tin^c when they 
 tn^cl^kQiy things, that their players n^^y.!^ heard.?^ 
 Xhc canons whifh they cite, is ihc fifth (^ the, apoftofi^ 
 
 r cat and the 35}^ canon olthc; Coun4l.of Carthage, already 
 <jitcd, both ii^ifuhderftooicl or miilate^v ap4;ni^ifcftly 
 diftorted, f^^P^ the intended (cnfi^ : the apoftolical canon 
 feys : "let. not the hiihop, prieft or deacon, rcje^his.wifQ 
 undertbe pretest; of religion/,, if he rcj^^ ficr, let hjnv^ 
 be fecliided from the comi|iiinioA, ajid if he perfeveres 
 let him be depofcdj,^ The canon w?s underftopd at atU 
 times, and by* all ^hurchl?^ before this aflf mbly aukward- 
 Ly attempted to ^ dtftort it> to prohibit; bjlhops, priefts 
 ^nd deacOiisi, aiwmed to the mirriftry Cm their prom ife 
 ofcetitincncy, from difmiflijfjg th?!? wives . ^m* theic 
 
 }. care ; thcy^^^r^ ftridly obliged , to I?f oVjiid*; them, witl^ 
 aH the neceflarics of life, ' ^ "' v ' ,. \ 
 .The canon of the CouQcil of Carthage is miftated per- 
 haps through the ignorance of their interpreter: iti^ 
 thus toDCcived : ** it is decr^ec^that biftiops, priefts and 
 deacons,- according to former ftatutcs, ^Jecundum pr'wra 
 Jlatuta* a^bftain frona wives ; If iM)tj let^ ihem' be re- 
 moved frotn the eccltcfiaftical office.**^ Thjc, interpreter 
 It. %o the aflembly, whether through ignorance or ipalice 
 Irdoubtful, tranflatesthc LJkjin i^rms ^fwr^^tofd for. 
 mer fl«ttuteaby th^|fi^ek terms iMimor^fH which fign 
 
 7 mfy propfr terms t. 9kdB; the aficmbly copcludc^ that the; 
 obligation, of continenqtsirafcpn^nc^ to certain times, 
 that is, as they eicplain it,' to tihe;,tipac& of their miniflry 
 in the church, which iii^>t**c««wjng|{ if' jhe Greek 
 church as it J#' in' the Lt^ church^r^^*'^Kt^\''i::v;l:/^>.> ■-,■, 
 fn' all attempts at i»novation,«incon<iiten<;>^t.are un-,. 
 
 ftandt^ of this truth,: thecanonsi which they ctte,' ipcak 
 
 ■"\ 
 
 Ift the iUme manner, of-ithe bifliop, prieft anddcacou j and 
 iiithat fcnrfo they w^r^ always updcrftood. Leo L in his 
 
 -■'^^ ...- : ■ ^ ■ " ^- . '* ,,^-%- y i^ epift/c 
 
^5 
 
 ,- '^•-, 
 
 %hc ,yc5ir 443, ihit is ^ 248 years before, this Sytitdiji 
 lYuHus'was'affehrt&lcdJlays : **' the law of ^Outirieftcy 'fe . 
 the {amc for tifc minifters of f^J^ur, ias it » te -'tlllf 
 biftiops in'd priiefts, who ¥h\\ft laymen oP teaulerti Yfi!^- 
 lawfully, mirfy^tiit when they cntcfcdtoo th^e Ordcr^ 
 what before war lawful, bdgatt to be onkwfut, wbcr«*'* 
 fore that k carpyil naarnage inity be conveVted iYit# a 
 fpiritual iniifriage, tbey nmft* not v<iiftni6 thtflr "wi^es^^ 
 but have them as if they had thctft not, fo. that "^ charity 
 Imiy continue, :nnd the'ufc cif marriage rights may cc^fe/* 
 — Epi. 9g,cai). 3. The AtTequbly of Triilks ickttow- 
 iedges that ftiefe e4^0ns fDrhid tfce bi&oJp^to tphabit witii 
 his wife. Why l[«i; 'the prieft k^id dcacOn f ThetanOtis 
 mike no diftiifeflSli ^i^e:y ia^^ )caii.. iJtS^ " Hayi% 
 learned tbiit in Africa and otheE l^iaccs tlief^ afebifliops, 
 who mAe nddiMctilty of cohabiting witb their wives 
 aftef'kiieir ohSnatiblft, to /i&f ^feat fiandai of ibi popt«i 
 (by th^^bye'tbex^^^ J^^^ think tiflfjt ^ bifhop ,muft beia 
 wived mifii) we; ferbid t^m tta-db fo ttt iPuture, tinider 
 ]pei!iilty of depofltio*^" and iii the 48th Unv they fty. i 
 " that the wife of bim, who is to be aite^^d into the! 
 epifcopalorder, bcin^' fepasrated froiii him l>y mutual 
 tonferit,^'8ft^r hiajorditiatioili &all ent^r into ii monalUiy 
 diftant^ from thfe place *f the bifliop's tefidenrce, who 
 '{hall,notwithftahdin^4 provide foi; her fubfiftence f^'a 
 pro vifion fot" htr fubfiftencc was at all times indifppQA* 
 bl?, whenth>5huAandvras a|rumedto theminiftry M4*h 
 the wife's consent, withoutifier confcnt he could not 6e> 
 adnvitted. HuHibert, iifliis reply to Niceta»i Jl petuUrtt 
 Greek,. (iysV ** we cqntefe that it is not lawful for a^'Wr 
 fliop, prieftv Of deacon, mpretext ofreligion, to difmi^v 
 his wife from his care, that is, that he muft fupply h(«t** 
 with foodartd raimcntjbut he muftnot eoh^it with her 
 mt hC fUfaal ma n ner . Thus lye fcf^ t ^ ^^ ap u ftlcs to ha»6 — 
 ms^.; k\txi apoftle ,Paul fays, ift Cor. tJc,tei^ #eHil|e 
 the powec of coVrem^tine About a filler woman odthhin 
 
 4 pnaikit Mlt^ othc,r apoftlcs ' and tljtfe brothers of. the 
 
 
\V^ ' f 
 
 ' '^'z 
 
 . * 
 
 syf' 
 
 
 i/> ^ 
 
 4^6 
 
 
 *»■ -7 
 
 
 fXord, and Cephas, f^e^you fqp!i;Condniifes Humbert, the 
 llppftlc doe^ not %: ♦jive vcnot tbeppvverqfc&y&^Vin^ 
 Jl^th aYifter womaR, bu^ ol condudtitighec about that fte 
 ^ight be fupport?d at their p jcpcncc, nj^ tto the ufe 
 ^^f marriage iptght Airlift between them f Our r^forni^ 
 Mis tratiflatc %kM!f!^im^--^^pbe^^iy^ik4'^^ fifter, a vvifei 
 :to ciiiduce a beUelthiit th!^,>>pj^le\^as hi^rncd, though lie 
 .himfelf atte% the contr;|i^f j ff^ii^itenajsle is jjrror, that 
 ^Very atlicnjpt to fMjj^rt it is fruitlefs :^^bc:iyj<?r%q, fup- 
 IJOfed jtrue, coqdenins theqi_ :. % the; Ut^v^Jjier and, 
 ^ti^tfjq^Bnot be i)nderft«od of the Xaraq woman in any' 
 tlt^ fenfe but this, that fihe wljo is a wife is Becofne as 
 '/|l;0j^^; that» li»w;ever, is i^0t the genuine fanfe : the 
 k^tmad4ph'eniJifi^\,\%7&\xmKi^ JW'^B g^edive, and fig- 
 aifies a t*r/^/a/i, a4elphengmaika^athr^fiian^>Qnfan. 
 ^H ^l(bc readfc#, accuftoiined to the raijjng of every fcrib^ 
 .K|A«^?agaiiift vt^at |>QpiiU iuperilition rtf/?/^>i^«cf, will be 
 ^.furprifed to find th^t thi$,v^rt¥e of rMc inventidny'tbe 
 i,propagation qf the human f|j«:ies, fo indilpenfably nc- 
 7<jcHary, jind fo pioyily obferved by all the minivers of the 
 W^ ft:hpol,^wai[)K>t knojui^n tp the -pritnitive church ; 
 that the Aflbmlil|'0f TrUVp8i,i«^ # tj^elkri^lear^^ could 
 find nothing itji antiquity |jt) jpfl>untehanpe thcir^ i 
 /^tlfm !^^^^ ithftfo' l^o canons wliichvthey could not fit to 
 i^fvoir purpofc J nor was th? i^no^^ation foycry, great in 
 ^appearancji.: k Qnly extended -^ permit priefts^ deacons, 
 ,^||4 («b deaconf»|f|p^j!coh»W^ with tlie wivoi, which they 
 ha,d married before their ordination, and ohiiged them 
 - I^abftain during the terms of their minifteringl How- 
 icy^r, from them w& learn that cqntinency in t^le Cler- 
 ic was the invaciaWc rule of the Roman church ; *' msI 
 * have known," Uf they, ?* that it is delivered in tfic 
 ^*5^der of the canon 4n iaxsi kdtnom^xh^txhtiy who arc to 
 
 S ordained deacons or priefta muft profefs thit they 
 Hnot cohabi t w[th their Wivci ; t higj f|irr^fo re, wjji 
 ^ijie iavarlat)Ie rule ujatil the year 6^i, when the Synod 
 .^TruIBiswaiaffe^bled^lfincc that time the fad is in- 
 iWCputablc : ihb innovation in wuivcrfal difciplinc made 
 
 ,^,vi.-. ..■,■.- ■■.'-;■.: -v'-^r ■ -.by 
 
 
 ;. \ 
 
 , fj."**«( 
 
 .£■ #*j»; 
 
 ,h 
 
 '4^ 
 
337 
 
 by ttift Synod of Trullu?, was f«verely Ccnfured by tHi 
 Latin church. Humbert, legate to Leo IX. in his refu* 
 taiion of Nicctas* libel againft the Latins, fays : " I airi 
 litist lurprifed that you impute to Pope Agatho, and the 
 venerable Fathers of the fijath Synod, yom own ravings," 
 and the canons, which you have corru|fted or forgedj 
 fince you impwte fictions to our Lord Jefus himfelf and 
 to his apoftlcs. Knowing that the fixth Synod was aflem* 
 bled to fupprefs the herefy of Greek monothelrtes, not 
 to give new conftitutions td the Ronians, w& entirely 
 refute thefe chapters, whix:h you obtrud^undcr its au- 
 thority, beca\ife the firft and the Apoitolical'Sce ha? nojt 
 a| any rime received thendj nor hitherto obferyed theni,** 
 
 Anaftafius, ^e librarian, in his preface to the fevanth 
 Synqd, lays : ** of the regulations, which the Greeks 
 pretend to have been made in the fixth Synod, thefe 
 only are received in this, wliich are found not to be 
 contr.ary to former canons, or decrees of the venerable 
 pontiff^ of this Holy See, or to good morals^ Though 
 hitherto they have remained totally unknown to the 
 Latinsf becaufe they have not been tranflated,' nor are 
 they found in fhe archives o£ theotlicr patriarchal 3cc8«^ 
 though they life the Greek language j, becaufe when they 
 w^re paffed none of thefe was found promulgating, cort- 
 fenting or ^ven pref<jnt, though the Gi-eejcs fay that thtf 
 firiic Fathers who conipofed the fixth Synod publiflxe4 
 •them, but this\ thoy.cannot prove by any authcnticy4<?^ 
 cumenjt/^ ^If: 
 
 Independently an this teftimony of Anaftatius, tvhgi . 
 firft tranflated the aftaof that Alfemblyi wehdve their, 
 own ' acknowledgement : they fay in their addrefs to 
 Juftinian Rhinotmetus, then ^npcror : " whereas the 
 moil holy and univerfal Synods, the fifth under juftiniart 
 Auguftus, and the fixth under Gonfttntinc Auguftuf, 
 
 fe ather, aftgr-dccbriftg^-th^-jiiy ft ery oi 
 the Fathers, Patrokasj did not make Qarions.aHi tlij^ other 
 four univerfal Synods did." ^ /■•!?; 3S' 
 
 The pretence of the Greeks that .^h^fdmc prclat{?s 
 
 -.'■■> * ' ■ "Si ..-.■. •■ :."■ - .wiu 
 

 ■33^ 
 
 ■\*^''5^''^'?*'^f';TJf \ ^^ 
 
 whb '^Oittpoft?^ ti^iSxth* Synod were T>tefehrat the All 
 fcittWy of Trullus, is totatlj' unfounded : Tharaffius of 
 €onftantinopte, and PeteV of Nicomedia,* in the fourth 
 iftion ofthc feVenth Synod, admitted, that four or five 
 y^ars iritc^vefied between the ' diffolutiori of the fixth 
 <:Syji6d and the commencement of the Affembly of Trul- 
 liis. Fleur'y fays, eleven years intervened, Anaftaiius 
 better informed th^h ^leury/fays that twenty feven years 
 liid ^, and his teftimony is fupported by Theophanes, 
 l**ho WjfS prefoirtf at the feventh- Synod, in the year ytjo 
 ' 'Whatever iriddern Greeks may think of the autho. 
 ^•ity of that Affembly over the diftria immediately fub- 
 jda to the patriarchal See Of Conftantino^ile, its difpo- 
 fitiohs ^could . h^ve no force in the other, patriarchates?. 
 From the innovktion then introduced by the atithority 
 of that Synod we conclude, with unernirg certainty, 
 that it Was invariably the rule, with Gmks as well\s 
 LatinSi th^it a" profeflion ofcontinency>^as.exa.<5led froni> 
 ^ali thcfe, who, in a married flate, wi^e admitted to holy 
 orders. Of th^ Latins therc/Can be no dotibt ; th6 
 Aiffembly acknowledges it. /Of the Greeks Itiseqifally 
 <:ertain : for if the priyil^e of cohabiting with their 
 wives had been enjpyed by their priefts and deacons 
 before, they woi^not then have granted it. " * 
 
 The writcr/lias been indiiced to difciifs this article 
 ^ftccuratclyvjiiorder to undeceive, not this Edinburgh 
 caftigatpr^formen who endeavour to embarrats trvth 
 In order to deceive are not to b$ tindeceivedj ^t Tome 
 Qatholics-who feem to think the promife of contincncy, 
 ^hlch the church exa^s o^ her miniftcrs, a fcvere re- 
 ilraint* and exprcfs an opinion *that to effed 1 reconcili- 
 ation it might, perhaps ought, to be removed in favour 
 of certain nations. The writer has no opinion on the 
 fubjeft ! he confines himfelf to fhew that, this difcipline, 
 however-fevere k^may appea r , 4» of p r imeval 4ttftituii 
 
 authorised by the example, and, he believes withBellar- 
 mine, by the precept of the apoftles, Aridtly obfcrved by 
 all thefe lights of the cburch, whom we call Fathers. 
 
 • I ^ ' Ouf 
 
 % 4stXt^ - 
 

 
 3^9, 
 
 v" 
 
 Qpt ealligator, ^yhofe fagaeity is not copfinej to th^ 
 I ^eingS) oti which his turbid imagination beftows an^ex^ 
 yiencc, difcovers that papifts are theonlyr people^ w|jq 
 claim infallibility a* diftindive of the true church : *^i£ 
 infallibility oe the diftinguilhing chara^eriftic of the 
 true church,' how. then/* 6ys he, p. 193, "was it never. * 
 claimed by any but papifts fince the apoftlei^ <d^73^ 
 though heretics in all ages have declared themre}x<6s to, 
 be the true church of Chriflr l"*H Js therefore thij 
 charadleriflic of an heretical convehtiek to. declare itfelfl 
 the true church of Chrift without cl^mingj the proroga- 
 tive of infallibility. So fays th^caftigatoi!* Docs tho.^ 
 man underfland bimfelf '?, He adcfiits that pdpifts, finCdi. 
 the* apoftles*' days> did claim infallibility of de'ciiion afc 
 diftinflive of the true church, and that this claim wad> 
 not made by any hereticle conventicle ; papifts, there* 
 fore, are not to be numbered amongft fe^s : they make 
 the claim, which no fecV has made, and they have con-. ^ 
 tinued to make this cbim finqe the apoftlcs' days ; it is< 
 therefore of apoftolieal original Thus he inadvertently: 
 and inj^dlcioufly informs his readers, that ;this do£i;rine 
 of infaJlibility has been invariably taught in the true, 
 church of Jefus Chrift, and denied by all fcftaries j-tov^ 
 gratify his curiofity, the writer afligns a very limpid rea* 
 fon why infallibility of dodrine is claimed by papifts, as 
 h^ calls us, catholics, and difdai^ncd by all fedaries, We : 
 believe the truth of Chrift's words. ^ and we know t|bat>, 
 he promifed to be with thefe paftors and teachers, who'qj^ 
 he gives to his church for the perfiedlion of the faints, foty 
 the work of the miniftry, until. the conf^mm?ilion ; andii 
 we know alfo that it is not by falfe doctrine that the 
 faints are perfe(fled : *', they, M^O worfljiipkGod muft 
 worftiip him \n fpirit and fr«*A',"— John iv, ^4^ .Sec* 
 tarics make no luch cJaim,^for reafons equally, iim^'^ 
 the firft, becauje Chrift bas promifed thcrn nothing, if^ 
 not puniftunentfor difobediewcc ; and thcrfecondi. whickl 
 bears no reply • becavife the Ici^dcrs of all fei^s muft pre- > 
 tend to jc<irr^ci .errors *, they, muft thcrcforctv.iB ;fcl6cj 
 ,.^' •'■' " "/f^ :'■■.* .' ■ '^ '■"'.■ .'. \ •'■ ' ' - "\ ^defence • 
 
 'M 
 
 
 '^^' 
 
 
 ".i.s; 
 
 |M1 
 
 ■^'M. 
 
v-* 
 
 if " 
 
 340 
 
 . * *» 1 
 
 .'■»«•' 
 
 defence deny the infallibility of Ghrift's church j if they 
 |iclsiH>wledged it infallible there could be no errors to 
 eorrcd ; and to claim for afe6t or conventicle of their 
 &9tn invention, a prerogative, which xhty are forced to 
 ; refufe to the church of Chrift*s inftitution would expofa 
 "ihefn to the contempt of their followers. From thia 
 principle, which all f^ctaries muft adopt, two truths are 
 inanifcftly deduced, which render herefy inexcufable, 
 ^e firfl that finc^ the teachers of any feA whatever are 
 fo far from pretending to infallible do<?trine, that they 
 profcffedly diiclaim it, the doctrine, which they teach i$ 
 Ui'eer conjediir^ ; which may or may not be true, as is 
 the nature of all conjcAdres, this truth is not to be elu- 
 ded ; and the fecond' is irrefiftible, that it is not the 
 doctrine of Jefus Chfift ; for his doctrine is infallibly 
 true, in it there is no conjefture. 
 
 Our caftigator, who knows no other principle of proof 
 but unblufliing confidence in aifertion, refting on the au- 
 " thprlty of his Ipirit of divination, " thus faith ot." or of 
 fome garbled extract, fitted to his purpofe, tells us, that 
 thepractife of papifts is contrary to the law^ of nature 
 and of (Chrift, p. 193. Papifts reply th^t calumny is 
 contrary to the firftlaw of nature^ Vhich heathens ex- 
 prefled in thefe few words : " do not to another what 
 you would^jiot wifli him to do to you ;" thfcy add !liat 
 the father of lies is emphatically called a Calumniator^ 
 Is the ^ithet applicable to his ob I In the fame page he 
 fays thattheChurch of Ronie rejcded part$ of the canon 
 0ffcripture which the Council of Trent recognifed, and 
 adds that the Council of Trent admitted into the canon 
 books which were declared to be no part of the word 
 of God. Thefe affertions are Amply falfe> his ob. has 
 deceived him. When he Ihall think it convenient to 
 fpecify thefie books rejected by the church of Rome, and 
 recognifed by the Councilof Trent, and aflign fome rea« 
 fonsbeiides the authority of his oi^. the writer willdif- 
 cufs them. The apoftle Paul he fays, prohibited the ufe 
 oi' an unkrinwn tongue Ia the churchy unlets accompa* 
 / i^vj:<;wi:.j " .. ,.,•>■.>,- nied 
 
 
 > h * «.'^'' 
 
*> • 
 
 341 
 
 #, 
 
 nled by an interpreter. He calumniates the jipoftle i| 
 he does the papifts : SCr Paul dir€(5ls the man, who fpcak* 
 in the church for theinftruflion or edification of others, 
 to fpeak the language which they underftand* or em- 
 ploy an interpreter ; if there be no interpreter he very 
 ^dicioufly orders the man to be filent as to the people, 
 to fpeak to himfelf and to God Sautd laleito, kai to theb, ift • 
 Cor. xiv, a8— he does not prohibit the ufc of an urt* 
 known tongue ;' but he confines it to its proper ufe; " 
 His fpirit of divination 4ifcover8 an. inconfiftency be-i ; 
 tween this pretended prohibition and a declaration of the 
 Council of Trent : *' the Council/* fayshe,^' declared 
 every perfon accurfed, who fhoukl fay that Mafs ought 
 to be celebrated only in the vulgar tongue." He calumnk 
 ates the Council, as he does the apoftle : they only were 
 ^ anathematifed who fay that it is contrary to the inftitution 
 of Chrift to celebrate the mafs in any other but the vulgar 
 tongue-— fee can. 9, Sel£ xxii. He feems to know as 
 much of the mafs, or of the Council of Trent, as an indian 
 does of the calculation of an eclipfee Does he know that 
 the public inttru6tion at the celebration of malii is aecor*:: 
 ding to St. Paul's injun6Vian, in the language underi^|Dct 
 by the people ? Th^t all the prayers of the%iturgy are' 
 addreffed to God, who underftands all languages ? That ; 
 even thefe are tranflated in catholic prayer books, fo that' 
 inftead of one there are many interpi'eters in the ChurcliC 
 at the famp time ? Ta pafs unnoticed* the afafurdity :^L 
 calling the Latin tongue, an unknown languague ; is th^ft 
 an unknown language, of which a gentleman in any 
 country would bluftx to acknowledge his ignorance ? 
 It is the language of all men of fcienee, of all nations^ 
 though this caftigator and his oh. may not underftand 
 it. 
 
 ^. 
 
 ~S^'lL:'^itl^. 
 
 
 
 " The fixth General CoUncrl," he fays, " declared 
 that marriage is diir(»lved by hercfy." The alTcrtion i^ 
 filfe, the Council made no fuch declaration. The con* 
 trary was de-'lared by the Council of Trent, . True, and 
 juilly, though^ this caftigator may not believe it ^ Muk 
 
 ^^. • Council 
 
■ ->J ..if-'-'L *g.,1 
 
 UK 
 
 CouiicUi continues thjc taftigator, decreed that the itiyf- 
 ^ical benediclYons> lights* inccjnfe, garments and other 
 ^Ppcry, ufed in the %-^ were apbftoHcal traditions. 
 Why not cite thp decree? Gieneral affertions Without 
 amy reference indicate impofture. There is no decree 
 of the Council on the fubjcd. In the fifth chd)>ter o^ 
 the aad feflion, which is not a decree but a iimple ex'- 
 pnfitibn o/fa<^s, the prelates fay : " fi^chis the nature of 
 fioan that witha^t external aids it cannot cafi}y be eleva- 
 ted to the contemplation, of divine things, hence our pious 
 mother, the church, has inftituted fome rites, as that fome 
 things IB the Mafe be pronounced, with a lo\tr voi<ie, and 
 other things with, a more elevated voice. She has alfo 
 employed ceremonies, as myftical benedictions, lights, in- 
 cenfe, veftments, and many other things of that kind, 
 i^m apoftolical difclpline.and tradition, whereby the 
 majcfty of fo great a facrifiqe is commended, and the 
 minds of the faithful by thefe vifible figns of religion 
 may be excite^ to the contemplation of the moft hig|LA 
 things, whiph ar^'latentin thife facrifice.** The prelin^dp^ m 
 iay tha? in thqj^li^|^^p;e ch|jrch employs m'any things 
 from apoft6licat;|^4wo"> but does not fpecify what 
 ihcfe thing^ ar^;mna^^, their decree, they fay : ** if 
 any man fhall fay that^j-ceremohies, veftmehts, and 
 external figrjis which the Catholicchureh ufes in the ce- 
 lebration OF Maffes, are rather incentives of impiety, 
 °thanofficcy.;af jiie%, l^t him be ariathematifed,"r-:ltan. 
 
 In <^pio%tjp>nito the aut?Iiority of the Cbuncil, thecaf- 
 tigator cites a fp€:6ch from Ahtoninus of ValetiUna, which . 
 fills a page, and, whilft it fwells "his volume, expofes 
 both his ignorance ancf his folly ; >\ntoninus fays : " It 
 is plain, from all hiftory, that every church antiently had 
 Jier particular rite of the mafs introduced by cuftpm j that, 
 to gratify the PopCj the Roman I^ite had been introduc- 
 ed ioro anumBcrof l^rovin^s^ tliougErOie^RjteS oTmanjr" 
 Churches are ftill very differei^it from it ; that the ,Ro- ' 
 iariaii Rite to alio undergone great altera^don?, a^ is evi- 
 
"ly. 
 
 34 
 
 i 
 
 thzt 
 
 (fcnt from the book called Ordo Romanus, . 
 veftments, veflels, and other ornaments pf priefts and 
 altars, appear, from books, ftatues and pictures, to have 
 been fo much altered, that were the ancients to return 
 into the world, they would not know them" .... Sup- 
 pofing the whole of Antoninus* dil<*ourfe true, there is 
 nothing in it inconfiftent with the declaration of thi 
 Council : for the Council did not fay that the R6- 
 ^te was the only rite in ufe in all churches, -nor 
 ly that the Roman rite itfelf underwent no 
 >n the contrary it ordered that the ancient rite ^ 
 church ftiQUld be ftri<^ly obferved in thj*^ 
 " Retenta ubique cujufqu^^cclafia antique ritu/* 
 — chap. 8. feft 2i, fo that a Greek prieft or an Armeni- 
 an, though in communion with the See of Rome, is not 
 allowed to celebrate Mafs according to the Roman rite, - , 
 nor in the Latin tongue. So mtich for the ignorance 
 of^hrs caftigator ; hear now his folly : he .cites a tefti^ ' 
 ii|6ny ^o (hie w, that Mafs waV'celebratifed in all churclW 
 es in ancient times, but that eacH church had a rite j 
 peculiar to itfelf, and different from the'Romkh Htcf ft 
 was not therefore from the RomalTchurch ^at thefe - 
 churches borrotH|g|t this * Mafs, which was celebrjited . , 
 in all churches ^Wh rites differing ftom the Roman " 
 rite, and in many in a language which the Ro- 
 mans did i|ot undcrttand. This univerfal agreement in 
 effentials, and difference in aipcidental rites,- (hew, with 
 irrefiftible evidence, that this Mafs, which' the caftigator 
 fo piotjfly hates, is of divine inftitution in all its effential 
 parts, and the accidfental rites variable according to cir- . 
 cumftances. Another, confequence lis deduced from this i 
 fpeech of the cafti^ator's friend Antoninus, who dods not ' 
 feem to Kaye more ref]^. for the pope than he ought 
 to have : he fays that iPTo gratify the pope ^"he Roman 
 -rit&-ftaa Bee'H itrt^'wluced in'ttt'tt ntittibcp ~t» provn 
 The pontiff's in^uienccf, therefore Was great. it\d widely 
 extended, (ihcc, to gratify his holinefs, a number of pro* 
 vinces fubftitutcd tJie^Roman rite- of celebrating the 
 
 ■' ..•'- '. Mals> 
 
w 
 
 r\ 
 
 ^^i:^ifs, lo the rites bflnclent life, in their oWn church- 
 
 i^:' 
 
 m 
 
 ■>,, 
 
 cs. 
 
 Something like the ab6rtion of ati; argument had ef- 
 capeji the writer's notice, he fefumss it : " if," fay? tfie 
 caftij^atpr, p. 192, "a Council regularly held bemfalli- 
 ble, . why do they pretehd to found their decifions upon . 
 the authority of the Fathers ? None of thefe were In- 
 fallibly directed in their judgment." A Council) regu- 
 larly affembled) founds its decifions in dodrines of faith 
 on revelation;, on the authority of which all doftrines 
 of faith are believed, that fuch or fuch a docirine has 
 been revealed is a fact, which is knqwn by teftimony, as 
 all fafts are» not by metaphyfical difquifition, hence fol- 
 lows the indifperifable necefljty of appealing to the tefti- 
 «mony of the paftors appointed by the apoftles, and con- 
 tinued in their lawful fucc^ors, nol to fhew that a 
 doctrine reveale<i is true : for the truth.of the docirine 
 reRs on the authority of God, but to fhew that the doc- 
 trine wa« revealed: for this is a fact, the truth of vyhich 
 refts on the teftimony of thefe paftors» who received 
 thefe dodtrincs from the apoftles, a teftimony from 
 which all kcks exclude themfelves. A -Council cites the 
 Fathers to fticw, %y their unanimous teftimony, that 
 fuch was the doftiine tranfmit<<^ to them by their pre- 
 dcceffors in odicej^ and whether any of the witneffes be 
 infallible or not, the uhite$l teftimony of many intelli- 
 gent witneltes is ifjfldlibly true, though the caftigator, 
 'or, his ob. may not believe it* On the teftimony of wit- 
 neffes, not more infallible than the cafl;igitor himfeH, 
 a highwayman is fcnt to Tyburn. 
 
 He alks q» what t ajjthority this writer expliins 
 the dodrines of religion, as he has no infallibility to- 
 dircft his judgment or regulate his languase,7-p. 195' 
 if this writer be a felf-conftituted teacher, who fubfti- 
 ""ll3re8Xnf~T5ViTrg5' or his own imagmatiom^ 
 gcftions of his ffmHiar fpirit, to the fettled Aoctrincs ot 
 . his church, the queftion is propofed with greatWopriety ; 
 btttif]ic confines himfclf to t?ach fettled dod^nes^ com- 
 mon 
 
 
 
 
~"I^- 
 
 '. t ir,:*' • 
 
 TTf 
 
 K^^^i'j 
 
 f 
 
 M 
 
 ' mon f^nfe is fufEcicht to direa: him ; if he dcvtatrt 
 from thf^ettled db^lrincs of his church, he has fupe- 
 
 , riprs, who know how to correfthi| errors ;, that IJen* 
 der portion of Chrift's flock e^trqi^vt^l^is care is not 
 cxpofcd to be the victims of his imponaf e, his malignity 
 or his ignorance :- this unhappy fate is. rcfervccl fot 
 others^ who hayingjj^cferted the fold, are difmiffed from, 
 the protediihg cares of the Great Shepherd, and become^ 
 the prey of ravening wolves and wily foxes; . 
 
 Qur caftigator dofeS his fifth chapter with a paflagd 
 oflfaias, in which'thedeftrudion of Babylon isforetoldi 
 and his ob has informed him that the prophecy was not 
 fulfilled by the deftrudion of Babylon* Rome aUb nauft 
 be deflroyed in the fame manner^ orlfaias was a ^fe 
 prophcti As the writer has np confidence in the vera- 
 city of the caftigator's ok and from the many fpeqjmenr 
 which he has already feen, believes him to be, what the 
 prophet Michahou calls, fotuich Jheker^ in plain Englifli, 
 a /)'/;2^^in'/, he will wait the eticnt without anxiety. 
 
 The lixth chapter begins with a preamble* iii ^hich 
 .^omcnfe is rendered doubly di^^ufling by the air of 
 gravity which it afl"umes : ** the exiftcnce of a church," 
 fays the caftigator, p. 197, •* pre-fuppofcs the appoint- 
 ment of certain principles for regulating the faSth and 
 pf a^ice of its members. For this purpofc he to who: 
 the church belongs hjs given a. revelation ©f his Willi 
 the fcriptures."' What a jumble of incoherencics ! fi 
 appoint meHt of certain principlet for regulating the faith, Kh 
 has forgotten to inform us to whom he gave this revela- 
 tion in the fcriptures before the church exifted*, Fixed 
 principles of fafith, and found maxims^of morality, mufll 
 co-exift with the church and continue to exift in it whilft 
 the church cxifts, that is, until time (hall be no more j 
 but that the cxiftencc of the church jire-fuppoles thcfe 
 
 - principles revealed in the fcri ptu res befate aline oLl h c 
 
 New Teftament was written is rank nonfenfe. The apoi- 
 tles learned thefe principles of faith and maxims of mo- 
 rality from Chrift himfelf, not from the fcriptures, and 
 • ji Tt ■. ihclr 
 
 •fi 
 
 ■*LA 
 
 .^i's* 
 
 

 £l>: 
 
 s^ 
 
 their difciples leaVned from them, ndt feom the ten jr. 
 turcs» lience St. t»aul fays " Ifaith is frbtt heating,*'-^ 
 , Rom*. X, If, In the Tame manner tliis E^mbftrgh cafti- 
 • gatot's difdples team liis opinions from himfef^ He 
 tells thetn ho doubt, t^at 'all his opiilions afe^i^fcrip- 
 ' tare, fo did Arius, To dldiEuhomius,- apd that m6nfter/ 
 of impiety, Manichdis. Even ihcdemon himfelf is faid 
 by the evangciift to haVe cited the fcriptures, Matt. 
 .. iv, 5< .•■"■■-'• y ■ ■•■■:'-;',■ 
 
 If this caftigatorlknoWs ahy ttehg of the foVrrtatlon of 
 Chrift*s cMirch, he intift know that rhe church was 
 Ibunde4 formed and In ftruftedv before i Viric of the 
 Ww Teftamew was written; ihat'whei\ .^ifr1tten it was 
 depofitcd in her haads, ^nd cntt-uiied tb*her care'/ thit 
 on her tellimony we-know thit the books, which we 
 /now tall fcriptu res, al^e of di'i^ine original. . \Ve Cltho- 
 lies do not cohfult the fpirlt of diVlflationto leim^ls 
 which mttft be known by the tcftimony of wittidTes. 
 
 After this preamble, in whicK the ciftigator has lur- 
 
 pdffed himfelf, he returns to that hackneyed tale which 
 
 , ha? been a thoufand times repeated in the face not only 
 
 df truth, and conviclioh, but feveh of common fenfe, 
 
 that'paplfts dctrad, to \ife his own wiords, from the value 
 
 ; of the fcripturcs. this Writct|jn his Remarks on mc- 
 
 tor Stanfcr*s Examination, p. 48, had Yaid *• " let tia/noW 
 
 revert to the rufe of faith prbpofed by this Ex. ^ Pro- 
 
 ' "ants,* fays he, * acknowledge no other rule of faith 
 
 I doftvine that! the holy fcriptures.* The writer is 
 
 " ivilling to admit that Prbteftants atknowledgc no other 
 
 -. nileof faith j^ but the Rev. Ex* muft alfo admit, that in 
 
 ■^theory, the fcriptures cannot be a fole rule of faith | that 
 
 in pradtice they afe not, have not becnj nt)r ever will be. 
 
 This pofition, Whith lays the axe to the i-ooti is -nearly 
 
 ' . an imuitivc truth. A fole rule of faith mUft extend to 
 
 cvc ry^iruth , w hich is of faith i for any articl e of doart a&. 
 
 to which it does not extend ftcourfe mtrfl be had to 
 
 ibme other rule. The" Rev, Ex. will have thcmodeflf 
 
 ^ to adtnit there in fome doitrlnal truths, which are floC 
 
 \. ' „i contained 
 
 - \ . ^i -^ 
 

 ' -1 
 
 ••» / • ' < ^ 
 
 24;- 
 
 qoQtab^d m tbe- £:nptures tthe firfV of j^Qfe is, thai il^ 
 f(:4pturcs thcmfelves ^)r€ diivinely i^nrpijifect, and' %ap4 
 Hotted, to uswJthout. interpohtionor cofruptiori. In, nq 
 book of the fcriptur^s do we fiqdrthat iJie^ bpojjisr which 
 wh call canonical, v^ier^ divinely, infgiredi and if we did, 
 the difliculty wx)uldb^ only trapsferred to itfelf : ^ 
 queftionwpuJ<f:ijiimediately reeuj-'-on. what authprjcy 
 (jbw€ believe. tha^ this bpokj, which mates the. fcrip- 
 turqs di^ipcly mfymd^ wii^ ^felf d^yin^ly; infpired* This 
 'argumeA ia, froni the nature. pf things, in.folubl^ anc^ 
 precludes eve^ the ^pffibility of^yafi^n:; in vain thU. 
 Rev. Ex. may refer tp the priyAte fpifit, to ajCci^ 
 tain, fenfation, a certain, l^f^ ?i,. certain . (bni^thlng 
 indefcribable. All> tlytfe cfirtali^, things, arc mpft ccr- 
 i^inLy no part pfe the ^riptufes ; and, by hjiying re- . . 
 CfJfltfc to therp, he roij^ft adni(it Jtjiat the. fcripj.u|[es, arc^, ^ 
 not hjs fole ruJe of faithu Xoithjs the lyriter adis. that» 
 infra^ice, the fcr^piurcs arc not ihcTuIc of protcftapt, 
 fciith, t^e affcrtioa he thinks incoptrovertibly troj^, and. 
 b convinced tha| ev,try sijprejti^iced proteftant wiU/ 
 adniit f^ ^\\\ it be denied that many proteftanta arc* / 
 ihcapaBIe pf rca.ding, tbp fcripcurcs FManjr^^p^ble of. 
 «rYeftigatin||the initended lenfc of 'the fac^^writerij /, : 
 "Many, whp, are protcft^ of one defgripUbh ia prefer-' 
 encetp aU;othc|^ii^t becaiiie their pircnt^i. arc* of th^t^ 
 particular denopiination ? Ajid, to clofc with a peV^nip; . 
 tpryrca&p, whichbears no reply, aa iitmnenfc majoife^' 
 who arc proteffants before they read a line of the fcri||j|i, 
 turcs ^ \yili any man, prcfumc to. affirm that meOp '^|S«r 
 who.cannot read th? fcripturcs, men,' who do not reai /- 
 the fcriptures, m^n, who» if they did. read, cank^Pt un* 
 4crftand the fcnpturea» or, filially^ men, Whq are gU 
 rpady pfotcflants before they, rca^i fcriptures. take the 
 fcripturca for their fole rule of £^i5h ?, All reafoning is 
 loft on (he man, who Would advance So great anjabfur> 
 
 "^'! 
 
 f 
 
 dity.**. The writer, naw fubjoins th^ caftigator's obfe 
 vation Oft this rcalbcingV** cvcry^ Utile art,** he fays, 
 f> >P> *' apd the m6ane{libphi0rx> ^^* been eifj^ecii 
 
 
-i. 
 
 V 
 
 348 
 
 
 ,^' »- 
 
 •A^ 
 
 |pditnini(kthei£re£lien of men for the fcripturcs, aijd 
 to excite their etteem foe what has been maintaified to 
 bfe the or^l tradition ' of the churcht to proinpte thefc" 
 laudable purpofes tht ^. fikis writer J has. expatiated 
 in a very leAgthy-mann'er, and entered keenly into the 
 fpirit of thefc <|uirks and quibble^, * which^ have been 
 often found to be th<; principal fupport of popery. 1 
 cannot ho^pver join with him in theie (houis of friumph, 
 which on reviewing his labours, he raifes over the prb' 
 teftant intereft§. A^ few obfervations, will Ihcw him 
 that though his ibphiftry may confufe the minds of 
 jvavering papiftg, they will no^t afFe<5t projteftants who 
 have been taught to render a reafop." ^ What a nonfen- 
 iical jargon is here : he calls faif logical reafoning qiiirks ' 
 and quibbles. If there bd a fallacy why not* detcdl it ? 
 The writer thus publicly calls for ^ dircft reply, or^ an 
 avowal that hi? reafohing is not to he evaded; Let this 
 Caftigatpr confult» q,othis oWq fpiiit of divina|iop,. but 
 feme pt-otcftant univerlR^ in whiifch there ai^ men of 
 Icience, vcrfedm-di*l6dics, for if th€ reafoning;,^Mch he 
 advanced in his remarks, and he^i^. again repeats, be 
 without a reply* tl^e ,whore Reformat'^ori is dcfeneciefs, 
 the attack is'dircft, it Aibverts* the^nd^rnental, princi- 
 ple, the fuperftru^ure niuft fall of courfet Ifprotcftants 
 be taught to rendef i,reaf6n» as the caftigafror tiills them, 
 tliis writer calls again, not on th« ignoraht proteftant, 
 whb(c vanity is flattc^^ci» Whllft his fupplicity is diiped 
 
 *l)y. imppfture, biiton thU caftigator or fom? bf hisaffoci- 
 ates, and heafks :TOy thi^ tqjiigdtor believfi the pj^l of . 
 St. John divi}ie)i infpiredf Qf^his part'^of his faith the 
 ignorant prbtcftant can give no reafon, and- the writer 
 
 -affcrts^;" without hefitation, that the Imoft l^rDcdjpro- 
 teftantis reduced to ^% fame ftrails. ' - *?^ ^ 
 
 To divert the attention of hjs readers. froa^' train of 
 rgflfQj DJ rg of fuch. iinrn£djate and jirc i Mbk to:g,jjjal^ 
 it extorts the aHbnt of thc-:u]idejiUtfding npt blinded by 
 prejudice, nor warped by inter.eft ; our Caftigator makes, 
 yhat ho catls ebfervations to (hew that proieftants have 
 
 ■-V ■' <• " ' » BO 
 
 m- 
 
 f^*J 
 
/' ■<( 
 
 no reafon to thtnk the fcrintures an 'infufficicnt rule of 
 faith; he begins by citing froin this writcr^'s remarksj^, 
 the Mowing paffigc, in which the advantages of the fcHp- - 
 turd^ arc clearly expofed, asftate4 h^. St. Paul : *^ What 
 adyaotige r^fults from the^^offeflion of tUe icriptures? 
 Thegreateftpoffible : it is affigned by St. Paul *' everx 
 ivriting divinely in/pit id is t0ut io. ieach\ to argue ^ to in* 
 
 jirua, io correhin fuftice, that the man of C^ may be entire, 
 perfi8ly prepartd .far e^ery good wor^,** 2 Tim. iii. 16, xy,, 
 Thefe were the ends,' for which the fcriptureswer^ writ- 
 ten, and giyen to tke church already compofed of paf* 
 tors teaching andadnvinifterin^jfcramehts, and, of fun- 
 pie fjiithful,who were tiught by ^eir paftors." Remarks^ 
 p. ^%. On this pafi&§6 t|e caftigator obferves : " oyerlnok. 
 ing,** %s he, p.. 19^, ^^ entirely" his miftranfl^tioi) of this 
 apoftle's language, I will merely contrail his ow;i vijwj 
 with the conduft oCthe Romifli Church :" if there be a 
 miftraniktipn, in which the fenfe of the apollle is.per. 
 verted why overlook it ? Is it ^ miftranflation bfrcaufe 
 k.does n6t coincide with the proteftant' yeriion, in 
 which the apojfle is made to fpcak n9nlenle, or allcrt a. 
 flagrant faMhood ? The paffag© is thus trinflated in the , 
 verfion now bcsfore tl^^flwdtir ^ " aft feripture is gmnby 
 mjpirjftfion, of God, Vncro profitable for do(arine, for ra^ 
 
 '. proof, for correftiouiior inftrudion in right^oufiiefs**f; 
 Ltr.the fol^cifim " alf/criptur^* nafs for the true fcnfc of 
 thei^ftle, every writing *Vd/Jj grapT»e,**\>yxt the ad. . 
 dition '\is V'^^y >nfp'rationi^9d,'t for .** fjin^' 
 ^/hs** is ihtoleraWe ^fvir we j^; Undejj^nd the a*,-. 
 pii^le to fey that mry divip^ vjrttfg, *jjj^^^y '^'1 
 which is ndnfcnfe : whoever doubtedMl^Ptoi ttiatfi 
 writing indi/criminately ts divinely in/piridy wbicp is a mai 
 
 • fcft falfehood: thereare man ^writings in^ ^'hich there 
 is nothing of divine infpiratiori, and very little 'truth ; 
 and there are writings, b y fomc called divide, iawhicb 
 the fuggeftions of the ^father of lies are Trtfully 6f 
 
 ' ignorant lyblendccl with the revelations of the fyjrit of 
 truth, fuch is that monftroas coinpUaiM;||^ wWch is wlt^ 
 
 "great 
 
 m 
 
 

 '■■tl ■ 
 
 35^ 
 
 n 
 
 vL'5-i, 
 
 
 ^gt^t proprtety Cal^ 
 ftttuted by roine> 
 
 
 bibje. la tlii> mp,^ 
 
 <,^thcrc Js, a /feai fub- 
 
 ■ printer, to an e/ir 
 
 Kofreck: from the. 
 
 apoHJe to ii^dk, 
 
 ^^r~ 
 
 tha^f' w^^ewrs of t]vj|^fitcr. are oppiolxte. 
 
 %0 M^^ -CD^im q^ .^C Roi|iP|gRirc^^ this; indefatigable 
 
 "^"^'^^ I'w'^il^*^^ ^^'^^^ Osuncil of .- 
 
 ^^ht, fux4ii||it^\tlMTfeiP|g-^ in the. 
 
 ^tgar torigue,! vrithot^the^apprpji^tjpnof th^tftippi 
 aind thereby dfipriviog th«fa|thft|l of all ihe advantages 
 it>lihfc^fcriptur^ J^^<^.prjjteads : bi«,o^ ha^, deceived hinv, 
 ai^ufuafi This ^ter did not fay, that thefe fcriptures, 
 divinely thfpiredj&fcful/e^r do^rjne^ ftr ar^tnent^ for cor- 
 
 ^ reiiion^ ajn^d^r ir^%4^iQn^ fbould bip indifcrimina|cly put 
 
 , i«to ijie ha^nds c^ ii|cry. illiterate paan, and. wi:oinant.j he. 
 
 ,did not think;' k t||| dut^ oi «y^ry man,- who (carcely 
 iiildcrftands s^ljf)Q.0^a bpol^, ^^ich bp withgr^at diiB^^ 
 culty reads, to teaijhi ' to argujp, tip correcl, o?.ir|!ftru(5t \^ 
 
 ^fhis-hc tbought, *nd qoniinues to think, tli^ qo^cluiiye 
 diit)r of the piafto^s of th^ cbprch, frojni theuXj tk^ igno- 
 rant and illiterate. l«a,rn with eafe the trjuths of rel^^ibn, 
 
 " firhich.tivcn*the ^oftinteHigent nnen caqnot fiLnd ^the. 
 jfcifi^iM'cs. The appftlu' Paul thought fdvi ^iniatjiy, to 
 fwluan^hc wi-ote and explained the ufe of the fcripturcs, 
 wasiub^ archbifliop, conftitut«4 by the appftje hjmfelf, 
 iwtan: ignOran^.p^fiM)t, who cpuldnot re^ the apof- 
 tie'b let^r* Fro»uM|^i tlie ^ait^^f learned the con tents 
 oif the apo(lieVleiBP|h,ence Sr, P'aul faid to htn>in the 
 preceding cMM|Mp* //^ ^^&* '^^bUh yctft have beard} 
 
 from me by m^/j^^^ke/Rs.,. ihe,Jmicmnt0di9foitbful,mny 
 
 Uatbin^ fi^^fif^ He did. not direct 
 
 iptures ^o aiviniinenri^ nv^ltitudjE. 
 
 ot one of a thou^ind coujd read a 
 
 / wb6%ifiU iff caj 
 jiinothy to gii 
 . of people, of wh 
 
 Enc. .Thisorder. roottcn^e to cbmmprv ifiifis, 
 fcrved for the Wirtemberg evangel ift and ouifIJ.d 
 cailigator* The Couocll of l\«ti; coincides^ in opinioit 
 
 -M.^-:..., ' H.^. ■ ■■\'\ ■.'' .'. . ^v. ■'" with. 
 
•fl 
 
 'U 
 
 '^ 
 
 m 
 
 Vuh the ijjdftle : the prelitcs c(Vmpofing tijal Auei^Mf 
 thought it the iftdiQ)enfable duty of the?paftorS to fh* 
 ftruct the faithful, to explain tq them the gentiinefertfc 
 of the fcHpturcs, thisidtity they enjoined under thjBv'feJ . 
 vereft penalty, ch, i;ti,fe(s. V. Th^y hadiread.rorti^* 
 wheYe that the; unlearned and the unjtiikd'fibr^fiite.f^^^ 
 tures lo'their irdk perditim^--^ Pet. lii. i^. Ha§ Vhe eit 
 tigator found this p^ffagc in his cppy ? Or have th6 
 moths efeed it? Is it for depriving the uitleai^ned and 
 ^he unfetttedof the ineftimable adVant^gis oFWeflipg th6 
 fcriptures to ih&c own i)erditioti, that the Cotincil trf 
 Ti'ent has incurred his difeleafure^ To thefe, and^.td, 
 Vhefc exdufively, the ''proliibitiott is confined. 3^1*^' 
 Coundt faw th^ fcripturcs drsfij^iited m naihberlefl " 
 veffion^, sirtcl thefe /6\ircct ^ of thriftianity poifpfted by 
 iirtifi(je atid impollure; IrKe author of each new velrfioh ' 
 refolvijig tolmpuefs on th^ minds of the p^<^ple» his own 
 pre-<Joncfcived optnions fitted his vcrfioh fot the purpoft,-. 
 Hencfc the uiiiverfal difcordanre of all th6fe new ver^ 
 fions V for 3S their "opinions were 'different, ami' each 
 author fitting his verfion to hi$ oWh opinion,?, thiSr 
 vferfions were as difcordarit as tlifeir opinions wcrd differt.,' 
 cnt. In on? EngUfliveffion xht ti&iy Gbfifi was exdu*.!^ 
 cda/idtheHo/ylfwifubftituted. Of iill' thefe verfrorts 
 Luther*s was the moft corrupt, and Chatelloirs the moft . 
 prophane : this fanatic, who with Bei'nard Ochiniik 
 thought to re-eftablrfh polygamy, tfanflated'thefcriptureki 
 Jn the ftyle of romapce, rtgajcdlefs of dcrcency, as well «tii 
 truth. Oiir caftigafor inveighs moft bitterly againft the 
 .prohilfidch of thefe vcrfions ; the keeper' of a billiatd 
 table riils ri^ore Ipudfy ftgainft thti law; which prohibits 
 jgaming ; th^law is not the Icfs wife nor the proMbition 
 lets neceffary. The CouncIl*did not prohibit the' read- 
 ing of the (criptuffes in the orig^nal,^^ to any pcrfon whirt* 
 Who tmdifrffands the languages i i 
 
 M 
 
 are written^ not in the vulgar tong^uc, to anjr pcrfon 
 
 capabfe of receiving edification from them.. The^pci'- 
 
 tniffioh is graiitcd - by .every paftor when aiked» AS thfe 
 
 i ' .V ^tjBafoa 
 

 
 'i*'.:ff: 
 
 ttit6n bf the law has ceafcd artiQiigft Catholics, th^ 
 slaw itfelf is going intd difufe. vjf this difpolition of 
 -the Council of Trent hid bech ftri<aly obferved^ the 
 #orld woul4 not have beeh pefteried, nor chriftianitjr 
 difgraced, by fuch a groiip of illiterate mechanics and 
 untaught peafants converted ihto preachers ^ We Ihould 
 not have fcen the cobbler lay down his lap-ftone, 
 his laft and his awisi and arni himfelf With a bible 
 and hymn book to cobble the fouls of his neighbours^ 
 nor fliould wc have feen thefe " caittp-meetings rei 
 fembling thd prgies of Bacchus, and other noifllurnal 
 fceneSi in which the rites of CcreS feem to be rcnewedi 
 Be th^t as it will, in the cares of that venerable aflertii 
 bly, cpmlKtfed of the paftorS of Chrift's church, wc 
 adniirJ^ the vigilant attentit^n of the Greit Shepherd 
 *? me^as Polmia" to the welfare of his floek. No fdoflfcp 
 were the witers of life infefted by thefe poifoUers, of 
 whoip St. |ohn fays : For// CatfeidC yenefici, but his warti. 
 ing voice wa/ heard from his^aftors, of whom, he faid : 
 ** he, M^ho Hears you, hears: me "." d akouon Hmonemau 
 ?;fe<?tf«-^lluke X, i6. ^n them fourccs, faid he^ the wa- 
 tcrs are not pure ; do not tafte them, j in them paftu^es 
 the M^onpus herbs grow promifcuoufly with the found, 
 avoiShem, l^he writer appeals to the common fenf& 
 pfmfankind, is that an Attentive fliephei*d, who permits 
 his flock to drink waters iffuing from a poifoned fpring f 
 Gp'tO range at lar^e ift paftures /where poifonous herbs 
 y abound ? Ifnoti thelCpuncilof Trent was juftiiied in 
 prohibiting all corrupt\veriion3 6f^ the fcripturcs. 
 
 This writer had faid that many books iPiht fcrij^rcs 
 had been loft, ii(i Which atfertioti the caftigator's jS^^*^ 
 covers fomcthing to authorife Dei% in rejedtinT)the 
 r> fcriptures, that is, becaufe foiliBs^ooKs were loft, Hiofc, 
 which remain, are not authentic} bbcaufe (bme f^s acff 
 forgotten, thefe which . arc remetnbered are nc^true. 
 
 If the deep fagicity of his •^ had not difcovered this 
 neweft mode of reafoning* common fenfe could never 
 fui^fl it. t Ti^ writec paiTes unnotic^^^ long diflerta- 
 
 4'-V 
 
353 
 
 iy.. 
 
 tion filled with extracts as ufual, to thcw tliat the fcnp 
 turesare not mutilated, iti which the bnly thing wor- 
 thy of renurW is, an attenri^t tp prove on the authority 
 of primitive writers and others, i truth, which no rnaii 
 denies, that the fctiptures are neither Co far itiutilated, 
 nor corrupted, as to contain any thing contrary to faith 
 or morals. He does not feel theinconftftency of appeal- 
 ing to' an authority, which he dif<;Iaima> apd his mo« 
 deTly, which is' unrivalled, permits him \fco fay that 
 many of. the Fathers were under the in&uehce of pre- 
 judice and ignorance. AmongH thefe are humberedi 
 Juftin, the philofopher, and Chryfoftom, whofe work* 
 are admired by the world. In this differtatipn there is 
 fcarcely one obfervation^ foiinded in truth, bit as it U 
 totally irrelevant, and only ferves to fwilla volume, 
 with a difplay of borrowed lij^ature, the Writer does * 
 not think.it feelTary to confume time and jiaper in a 
 refi^tation. .. „ fK-' i 
 
 He give's foitie extraHs frbm Auttin '4nd Chryfoftbrai, 
 who fay^ if we believe him, that all things which Chrif^ 
 tians are obliged to knoW are found in the fpripturcs- 
 • In Aiiflin's. words a moth had erfaced the zd^erb/ere^ 
 ahiofly ind he' totally fbt;;got to inform hi^ rcadks, . 
 that thefe Fathers when they recommerided the reading 
 of the fcriptiires id the nic A i g gyiigent men amongft 
 their people, direded thent^* OTTaoubtful or difficult 
 paflage^ to apply to the paftofs of the church for th\B 
 genuine fenfe of the infpired writer — See Auftin*s words',^ 
 fupra. , And in his fecond book of the Ghrillian Doc- 
 trine, ca^. 6, he fays : ** they, who raftily rdad arc 
 deceived by mmyand minifold obfcurities ahd arpbigui- , 
 ties, taking ortfc thing for another ; and in fom< places 
 they cannot find any thing to found even a falfc iufpU 
 cion : Sonj|: things are fo obfcurely fpoken ^^**;j.^£>r 
 i udute ilia Ur lc ltiA tloud \ 1 
 
 1[ doubt nil* to t^ine prid^c by labour, and ^cycnl 
 faftidioiiSiJifefte^lil which things cafily W^qftij 
 
 prodttcc-'Slici^dcirlSdjtng.*' Thefe are thcfcij 
 
 kkb 
 
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 h 
 
 1 -a 
 
■ %^ . 
 
 'tn 
 
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 % 
 
 t#» 
 
 354 
 
 f-5rf* ' 
 
 which Auftin recommends to the ignorant peafant as k 
 j|'rule oCf^ith and morality, if We believe this ^Edinburgh 
 ^ ^ciiHgartor ! Chryfottom's fentlments are not different 
 from AuQin'sVin his 40th Homily on St John, ex- 
 gaining this pafragei/(:;'«/://7/s^ ibe Sfripturh : 'Thrift," 
 Hys' he, " aid riot 1-efer the Jews to a Simple or a naked 
 .rfdJMJPl?^ ^ ^^P^"'^^^"^ fo a diligent inveftiguicn : 
 W^Q^idr not t^ : f ead the fcriptures ; but fcrutinize them. 
 : ; The divine words require the gi^teft diligence ; it was 
 toot without reafuri that he fpoke to there ancients in 
 the fhadow, hence he orders thehni to dig more deeply 
 that Ave may fmd the things, which are deeply concealed ? 
 we do riot dig up thefe things which l^e on tlie furface 
 . placed at han^i, but thefe, which asatrearure are deeply 
 • ^ buried, he whoftieks fuch things, * if he does not apply 
 /. ehe greateft diligenc^d labour, ^ never find ivrljat he 
 feeks.** In^ his thirdTfomily oh La^bs, exhorting mdn 
 of Icience^, of whom there wci*e mahffcjCoriftaniinople, 
 to read % fcriptures, he replies to :J|bnt objeclion : 
 " what then if ^e ^^not underftihd^ th|fe things, 
 \ which a^e contained in the bo6ks '\ though^p do not 
 '\ ni^derfta^ the things there concealed, yet great ianaity 
 aiifes i^roii) the reading.** He fpoke of the hiftorical 
 cventS/relatp4in the fcriptures, and thefe h^fidd were 
 • ^agyunde^odjn part, for the dbfcure parts here- 
 :feri%d^|tm to jy^ir teachers: ''' take the book tn your 
 '^^?|^'^i/***^^^».*'5¥^ the whole hiftory, the things 
 ^uch are ■kritoWri main inriiemoryj anchread many 
 PbN ^^^® ^^"P€^ which are obfcure and riot known, but 
 Iffou cannot, by afllduous reading, find xvhat is faid, 
 \ <:onfult a more intelligent man, go to the teacher/' 
 Who .'would imagine that our caftigator would have 
 i^ccourfe to the teftimony of the ch^urch ? It is not more 
 ftrange than true, p. 232, he fays, "in proving the ca- 
 noriicai books genuine: we are far from rejecling the 
 
 HtHlTiiiujjy uf ihechuiih.'V The reader mult Mmlrellie 
 
 fenility of his imagination, when he finds that, though 
 
 he admits the teftimony of the church, it is not as the 
 
 . , , 4 ^ - s. ' teftimony 
 
s* 
 
 f 
 
 
 T< 
 
 m 
 
 teftfmony of the church but as the evidence 0/ faithful wit- 
 neffa. It is unlucky that fuch.anefl[urt of imagination, 
 ip which all his inventive powers have been, ftraiped be- 
 yond the ufual pitch,{houid leave this writer's argument 
 infoluble as it found it, and totally unhinge the Reforma- 
 tio;!, for the church is a fociety;, a nioral body, which 
 fpeakiby its pattors, |s the Stati by its magiftrates; the, 
 ^vidence,^ therefore, of thefe fgithf^tl witnejes, is neither 
 l(?rs nor more than the tcllimony of the cl^rch ; the man 
 i^ ripe for Bedlanj, who denies it ; he admks the tefti- 
 ipliy of, the church as the evidence of faithful wiinejfes ; 
 but they are the fame witneflfes, who atteft, that all the 
 doarincs taught in the cat^hoHc church are of - divine 
 original ; the caftigator fiys they ore faithful witnejes, 
 therefore thpfe doftrines are true, artd there is an end of 
 the, Reformation. He will not prefume to call that man 
 af^iithful witnefs, who attefts indilcriminately bqth truth 
 and falfliood. His 0^ fuggeftj artother evafion, in ab- 
 lurdiry fiirpaffing the firmer, if poflible : it is not, he fays, 
 on the ground of infallibility that Tie believes this teftimo- 
 ny of the Church, buj beeaufe It is the tettimony oi faithful 
 witneffes, who. could 'not be deceived. Plain nrte'n, who . 
 have not ab for their diredor, believe thi$ teftimony on 
 the groi^d of its infallibiiRB^ Such a teftimony, fay they, 
 is-infallibly true.' For i^mk poffible that the teftimony 
 of faithful witnrfts, whowHdnot be deceived, ftiould be 
 fajfe— the fuppofition involves a contradidion : for" if they ' 
 be not deceived, and advance a falfliood, they arc not 
 faithful witness. Thus, on tlie teftimony of the Church, 
 or, as the caftigator calls it, on the evidence of faithful 
 witnefles, catholics demonftrate againft atheifts and deift's,. 
 that thefe fcriptupes*, which they oall divine, are divinely 
 infpired; and, on the fatne evidence of faithful witnefles, 
 they deftionftratc againft the caftigator, and his aflbciates, 
 th a t all fhfifp fcriptu re s. an d o n lv^ 
 
 !• # ' ' ' ■ - ••.-■...,. •" 
 
 Qiyme, are divinely infpired. They proceed further on 
 
 -^Ms evidence of faithful witnefles, they Ihew the genume 
 
 and intendcdcfenfe of arSBiguQUs paFag^^^^ impofture 
 
 «ifc * • •« ' ■ ■ ' diftort?, 
 

 ni?z^\ 
 
 fJiftprts. in fuppoptt>f error ; and, what will furprlfe th« 
 caftig^or's adinirers, this tradition, which he hates, is 
 ^leither lefs nor more than what he, calls the et^idence of faith- 
 
 f^y^^^^r^ On this evidence tlie newfangled opinions 
 of jll reformifts down fron^ Simon the magician, to this 
 I'.^nburgh caftigator, have been condemned, this nriaxim 
 repeai«dly inculcated in the fcriptures, has beep invariably 
 pj^ferycd : " in the ipouth of two or three witneffes, Ml 
 cyei:y word be enabUfhed," 2 Cor. xiii. i. A maxim 
 known to the.heathens, tefiimonlum pro fe nee Catoni ere- 
 ditum. Even Cato^ste^imony for himfelf is not believed. 
 A maxim which without fuhher difcuflion conderiins 
 every reformift : he gives teftimony for himfelf> ^le de- 
 fervcsno credit. Has this Edinburgh caftigatqr ever be- 
 ftowfd a fcrious thought '6tT this- maxim ? 
 
 After. J^dmitting the teftimony of the church, not as 
 the teftimony of ti^e church, but as x)\Qevidmcs of faiih- 
 
 Jul wUnefJhy to prove the canonical books authentic ; 
 
 ' our caftigator proceeds on other grounds to brove the 
 infpiration of ^he fcriptures, that is, 'he does nCt believe 
 thefe books, divinely inipired becaufe they were wfiiten 
 ot approved by the iacred peDmeu, and h!^ Uuh delivered 
 into the hands of the patfors whom the apoil!e« confli- 
 tuted in the different churches, which they founded,' 
 whofe teftimony is cofttioued in their fucceflovs: thtfe 
 faithful witneffes, who at teft the fad:, but he believes 
 them divinely infpired from thp internal evidence of: 
 the books. Jlis ob difcoVers the divine infpiration of 
 thefe books, whether they were writtt^n hy Psur or 
 John^ E/ap or Hem^r, On the fame ground, the Ma- 
 hometan finds deci five confirmation^ as the caftigatoi: 
 calls it, of the *<livine infpiration of the ^/r^r^w, the 
 Hindoo pioves the hanfcrit divine, and every enthufiaft 
 believes what pleafes his fancy», The writerJias known 
 fome well-meaning Proteftants of the eftablifhed church, 
 
 "'wBo^BelieveH^ the ImarT]^^^^^^^ 
 inj/ired a's the gofpel of St. John : why fo ? Becaufc 
 "they found iyn the book, which theyncallcd their bible. 
 Uc is weary » refuting fuch nctofenfe. Our 
 
-\\ 
 
 m 
 
 ': f •'■ 
 
 Qur cafttgator, tkc fer^Hty of wliafc imaginitidii H 
 ^riqLhauftibie, dcte6i^i a- iniiiajkc o£ this writer. Hc_ ha4-{ 
 (aid that **jrn no book of the fcrjpture do we find that .^ 
 thefe books, which we call canonical were' divinely in- j , 
 fpired/* His «/>' deceives him, and he deceives his readers-; j 
 this writer did not. miflake : for there isno boolj^in the . ; 
 fcriptures, nor is there aline in any bopk of the fcriptures 
 which fays that th^e books, which we call canof^ical are 
 divinely infpired : for admitting that St. Pstul fppke-\' 
 the nonfente, which 'S)uthwell impofes.Oh hiixi, and in* i,- • 
 ftead oriaying, as he did, that every writing divinely ,v /■ 
 infp'if ed pa/a graphe theopneu/ios h uleful, heJiad i^id : 
 *' all/criptureit given by infp'tratio7i of God" he did/not,-. 
 {ay that any one of thefe books, which we call canonical * 
 is given by divine infpiration. Southwell makes him fay, ;f 
 that all divine fcriptures ar^ given by infpirati^ of •- ' 
 God, a heathen would not doubt it. In this fruitlefs at- ^ 
 tempt to fit a pajOTage; by a falfe verfion, the reader fees a^ , 
 (pecimen q| the fidelity of modern tranflators. 
 
 In the fame.[)age he fays : '* this writer cannot deny 
 that the books of the Old Teftament were received by 
 our t.Qrd and his apoftles, as di<^atcd by the Spirit of 
 (Jod.*! To chis infidious infinuatioa, the writer replies, . 
 that impofture (ubfifts on the fuppofition of public cre- 
 dulity : if there lyas not fi;«iplicity there would be 
 neither hypocrify nor impoHure— ^a^ pop^los Phaleras, ^ - 
 j^ga te no'iii intus et in cute. This calliga tor has r^courljbj; 
 every Jitt\e fubterfuge to evade the truth; and cveryr, 
 Sfice, which his ob fuggefts, to perplex it. As that fa- 
 al delufion, which disfigured chriftianity, commenced' 
 in milVeprefentation, he trys the .fame ftratagem to cor\v/ 
 tiaucic; it is an effort; of agony, which forepodes an, 
 approaching diffolution. Where did he read that this./ 
 writer, or any other catholic, ever denied that the book*. 
 cf the old teftament were received by our Lord and liig • 
 
 IpoMes as di^Sated by tTe fpirifof God ? Why cndc^vouF 
 to obtrude on the credulity of hi^ difciplcs fuch a fla- 
 grant falfehood I That the books of thf New and Old 
 
 # " '"^eOamcnc 
 
 fs. 
 
 .:^' 
 

 35*: 
 
 Tettiunent arc divinely inspired, is an artidobf catholil:. 
 faith, a, terrn of ca,t|ioUccommt^nidii, ihiscafiigatoj^^ 
 cv<?r^ignorant, niuft know, the iiinpGaurc k therefore, 
 ip^cnded ;,it ought to awake the viaiins- of deluffori frofn 
 ^hcrr lethargy. But that thejfe books' ,a|^pdiyineiy in- ^ 
 fpired, catholics do npt know from .the books themfelves; 
 but from the temmon^;^<^ thefe witnellfes, iawh^^ 
 hands the books were depMted ; and thefe the cafti^ator 
 iojudicioufly calls /aith/hf -wUrieffss, nvha 'cduld not be fk. 
 cehedryct however faithful they mfly be, their teftimony 
 would not founduan a^ of faith, if it »ad |i(«: been gua. 
 ranteed'by Chrlft hiimfelf :,^ )^^, • i;^ }^an yau, hdan 
 ■wfTT-Lu^fe %■ \^'- \''' Beboldimh^^ until i be 
 
 onfummoiion oftif^p^^e**^^is. ulf J l'$e voice 6f .the Grea^ 
 Shepherd they hear^frohi the inouth of his inimfters, 
 anrf cnhis Wthonty*|iey found their faith I, whilft in- 
 ^tuated fejflarjes hear from, the moutk^of their own 
 nilnifters, m>t1iivf»^ the wilcbycbnje^ur« of e^ry.emhu. 
 ftift; 3nd,o« thefe , they, found thcte |arring op^»ions, 
 wJiiel^ Jif ^ m:)fiftrous abufe ofeiokii'affe. they - cal I 
 
 ' ^^^^jjtf?^^""^^ psiffa^es of fcript3^^{o fliew, what 
 lie ChrifiH d(>ubt5, that the prophets were divinely 
 iufpired* TJeTays, in order to prove the infpiration oV 
 the Hew T^aameht ; *« there l«^ nothing more plainly^ 
 rcvealcfj io fcnptjifrp, ih^ that *thofe perfons by wKom. 
 ic'w?i$^ written had reccjyed tfre Holy Ohpfr to quaiif>:v : 
 ihcin to b^ Witijeftestf^' Chrift/»; ^ 
 )it*gon is h^fc. !• Ts it b'ecauf^.it^y affe^ie^J^n ai^'wftting 
 
 ^^hat th^ author was' i?f fpired nvc jite tVb^ieVciii'^? I^as 
 
 tend a catpThifiU: ;, 
 B4;iK" f*yv to 
 
 there, ever «n infipollor ^who d^ not pre tern 
 , oh from God F^Qiif^ntjt the pfophets trf _,^,, _^, ... 
 Achab ami Jehf)%r|^t /te)<&///^ yfc /.or^^ ^^ i 
 
 y*k0vah,'2p C%|i xv»»>;^9. J^Shh Edinbui-gh-caai^- 
 tvir, 'Pfl^ttc^ .by l^yii S, ^fhouI3 tal^e -a :t?ih'ey?»to f^i ve us a 
 ^iiewr golpci; or a go('pel iKW;mTwldIed/ Ss F than Allen "^ 
 •Ji;is.dont, we rtiQuld fee, Tn, it; thaf he ^:as qualified by* 
 
 1; tRcipirif ^ bea witTifcfs to.Ghi^ft^ and ii^oiit^ 
 
 no dbiibt. 
 
 
 .!i/ 
 
f-,'-f.-:' 
 
 . r-' 
 
 .J. . . . < .-.:--'• 
 
 lifiji diipe$ tobieJieve hiiii;,as Allen did, andiis'Jcrtumii, 
 wilkinfcHi.whci calls herfelfiHe Xor^iri^pexfoh, novvHoes. 
 Jt is a public fa<^ that this woman ji as colie^eU a nuijitigr 
 of people in^ he Janilee country, who pay her hom^eis 
 
 ,. to Chrift himfelf in perfon. She pretends to have died,, 
 and after the de'parhsre of her fqul, Chrfft (he kys took 
 pofliffion of her body, apd it is ^e himfelf who animates 
 h her body now. Human nature is fofar degraded by; 
 I ^fanatical enthuffafm that this woman' fi/ida credit. It|a 
 not from any writing that we conclvide. the author io- . 
 frii'ed, he mull h^va 'given othef proofs of his mi^iori '* 
 from God-, and thele proofs muft Be fenfiUic facls, that 
 the witneffesmay beenabledto atteft them tfn tjhe tcfti-"". 
 mony of tlicir fenfes. A writing of atiy kind is ^^ 
 witnefs : it has neither eyes to fee nor caru t(| h-ea^» it 
 can by no poffibility aut{icnticate, itfelf or p^Ve it^^-, 
 
 ' t^or to have been in fpired. The taJe of jemima Wilkin-t 
 
 foil, is.^pot morc^abfurd than the ^ffertion ; nQr iS it ^ 
 
 •more irkfome to refutfe the one than the other. ' ■ 
 
 Our(^ftigator has'yct oo« refource^^ as a fuWlitutc^o 
 external cvideqcc, from a multiplicity of words to which ■ 
 the reader n\p^ endeavour to fix fome fchfe, it apjjcats ^ 
 tq be the fpirit ©f eritWni, and to this he add4 thi^ * 
 fpint o^rophecy ; " The hiftory of kingdoms whicli' 
 arc no^si^ik) more j'* the fifhcrmcn- and farmers arc welt 
 acquaintea with ' the hii^pry^f kfhgdoms i^o'w no motp, * 
 
 ,, and every iUtterate mechanic |l an ablp^ritic^ he Vlrftt ' 
 
 '■ dittingmfh revealed trut^^ f^S^ anfuli^mpofturc bf 
 the .mode* of c^prciiioA and coV^curr.injf ;^rcui^ 
 f^^nc^^0,ift^_Ri/um uneatif. j^fnid^ bv^t aVcer^^il^this o' 
 fpirit o^.criticirm is not , f(^rif lujic, * aSud i^rottriants 
 found ap'attkVy faith on it, tji^t wticlfc'^hcir f4li'li ;^ 
 
 ;J| ns^ foW^mvn (b4ptur6 ^aod r||ny partsof ihcicrlp-' * 
 tur«, relate part Ivtni*. mylletigus truths, ipalims'of mo^ 
 <|^y,tly^c we"know to hi»llvinfit 
 
 we Icqow^y cjitecnal cvidcnce^Th»t&by tlie telUmony of 
 faithful wiincriii^a|their^utiH)^.wcfediv|Gja '■ 
 
 ed, in tfjc fame 'r^i^'fier^ vv^f^koow that thi^'firophctlS 
 
 4hcmfelvcii \<^r© /tfmlicd.' 
 
 . **■' 
 
 i»* 
 
 r^jr. 
 
 
 
 Of 
 
 ^'■iL".<tl^ 
 
 .'i"^J 
 
 k. 
 
in' 
 
 V.' <^'<i>^ •-c 
 
 ' Of mihyprorpliccics ourjcafftigatpriycastW^ 
 .faul; in thcfirflthc aptjft le foretells a g^tapoftacy before 
 the-cnnfumqiatioh and theappearanie6*of anrichrift oir as 
 St. Paul calls him t7je Man of Shi, t^g Son of hrdithn ; in 
 thfi fecond the apoftle foretells, that in the la' ter days 
 Ibmc (hall depart from th6 faith, giving heed t()- {^'du- 
 cing fpitits. . . forjbfidding "to. m:*rry, and commanding 
 
 ; to ibftain from meats. Who woOld imagine if the wnn- 
 tlerfUl (agacity of his o^ liad not di/coverbd. it; that this 
 Man of Sin, ttiti $on of PeVditiin, is neither. left tior- 
 Wftwre than tht fiducin^ Jpirits, and thfe fediidn^ 
 
 '/pirits a fucc^on^f Popes ? But as Paul unluckily 
 had faid that this Man of Sin, this Son of Perdition^ 
 whom thfe apoftte thought to be a rtian n<it a' fpiril^ 
 ^ oppofeth and exalceth himfelf above every thing 
 called Godj^ Or which is worfhipped^ fo that he as 
 
 r^iJjbd fittethVin^the temjjle of .GoB, (hewing him- 
 felf that he is God."—- 2 Thief, ii. Jth<iing it difficult to 
 fit this part Ot the prophecy tO the Pope, who, with lome 
 appearance of humijfty, acknowledges himfelf to be a 
 
 , finner in the temple where he comes to adore God, and 
 
 .^humbly cdnfeffcs his fins to his cppfeffor In hOb^'of 
 pardon, he fits, the Pope to the prohecy, and"," wlrh^that 
 
 ;Vnblu(hing impudence^wMchjcharaacrifes lmpoftnrc» te-fls 
 liis readers thatthisis the language of rhe chUrchof RonK*. 
 •* tjbt Lord our. Cod the Pope antfther God upon earths fayg 
 
 , W«i fhe Mpf^ hy$ ahOt^cr, is m^f/jan Gpdf* the defcrip. 
 ^OwWji"^^chrift, given by St. faul, fits the Pop^ Ju# as 
 ,*fcll5sjc)b'8dcfcriptignof rhc war-horf* its thf# Edin- 
 feirgh aL Toj|ivd:,the reader a ^dhen of the arro- 
 gance cff this JE^fcufg^ fcrlbbl«r, ^a»4 jutify fome 
 ftridturcs^ which m^ appear feye^ tk writer ciics, 
 
 ifrom page 333, the fotio^mg pa^|c ^ipanf hm 
 
 ifelifiakeii views of religion bequeathed thcirii^aUh to the 
 church Vhot for the advancem ent oiF viftueanrf pif fv, hut 
 
 Jfor'fupptjrting a'clergj', wko/e •uMliowingsdif covered more 
 
 if Ibe mtmof Me ho^.Jbm i^jbe *ir^mjq^e^> £Th3kt 
 there werrnta^iiy In^lviduali as well ktoon^ the «le«gy 
 
 ..1 
 
^6 1 
 
 
 as aniongflt the tdity, corrupt ih their morals, when Lvf. 
 ther commerced his refprmatioh is true, of thefe,h cl- 
 ever, the Reforjintion purged t;he church :^ they be- 
 came the firft pallors of all the" rgforihed churches ; and 
 fince that time (uch men have alvvays found a refuge 
 from the feverity of catholic difcipliney amongft the paf* 
 tors of the reformed churches. Is this Edinburgh caft^- 
 gator'one; of the humbcr ? Frbni feveral aokwardat- 
 tempts to wreft, in fupport of a defencelefs opi^ijion^ the 
 arguments, by .which Cathdics deimonttratc Ui^fcr?)^'^ 
 tures authentic and divinely Infpifed, the writ'ei^ & 
 tempted to fufpccl that, to fatisfy the cravings of the 
 belly, he, as well as the author of.his reperxorv^ has ab- 
 jured the Catholic faith, of which fome impreffions yet 
 remain; but as truth is ftiibborn and will not bend ^o 
 countenance error, thefe aufcward attempts to warp it; 
 only remind tis.of the fable of the afs in t^ lion*& fkl$# 
 the long earflf and the braying, .flic wed 'the ftupid aiiimal 
 under the l^rrific fornrt. /' • 
 
 His next at^etnpt to fafhiqn the pope ancj nletattiorphofe 
 him into an afttichrift is amuRrig enough, he teaches,- he 
 f^ys, the doctrine of devils, prohibits d^arriage, and (Or- 
 ders the.pei^ to'abflain fromr^crtain meats. Yet th\» 
 hme popccalli marriage a facrameiit, ind papifts contr'aa 
 marriages every day in the fa«e of the church, and they 
 eat all forts Mqf meat with ttiankfgiving ; :lnd the betiqr 
 it is the more they like it^ ^We have herc^ another fpeci- 
 menof that impoftwei^cji wrefts tlw fct^fpfures fi^oni 
 their intended {^nfd'T^Wafttcnarice error ;'n>ur as bur 
 cj^igatOT has bc(?n a%tys iirriuckj in his citaticins, he ii 
 doubly unfortunate in tHc^ ggpfcpt Inftaiie^:'.: ^or tf there 
 be a palTage ^jcrijiliye, which danms,, hmi withoiit re-' 
 dctnption, or wi^lvouc the pofftl>iUtf oftvafion^ \^ is that 
 whicfc he citesi ihfeapotUe fays t© his difqiplc : "the 
 fpirit cxprefely fays c)# in the latter times /owfg will .gpuf- 
 iattfi from ibs fniHu attendmg to icducmg Ipinta SM^ 
 ; -doarine!* of ^moni, fptaking li^s in hypdcrify. liaviog 
 ihcat c onfcic|icc» feared -r forbidding t0 m«rry (c9mmM* 
 
 ' ■ " " ■ ■" , ■ , ,," "' " • • , 
 
 •rt '■:■'-.■■'. ■ W- ■ •■■ tlhiliiliiiMi 
 
 \ 
 
 ^- 
 
 *% "' 
 
/ ' 
 
 562 • 
 
 
 . ^ipgJ to abftain from meats, which God hath created to 
 !)c received with thankigiving^ (jy them\yh0 believe afid 
 Ikoow the truths for every creature' of God i? good 
 apd nothing is to be refufed if it be received with 
 .. thankfgiving."— i ft Tim. iv, i . . . . 1 he apoftle warns 
 Tirrfpihy, and .through him the church in Aih, that hia. 
 ny would ^poftatife from the faith ; he at th^/^me 
 time dcfcribcs th^e moft prominent' do^rines of the 
 Marcio^rtcs, who of all the fecVs called * Gnojfics,* entighu 
 Ji^d, were the moll torrupt ; Marciomtaught his difci^ 
 ;- pics to believe that th^rc afe two caufes fclf-exiftent, 
 eternal, of equal power, the oiie infinitely gwod, and 
 the other infinitely and tffedtklly .bad ; to the good 
 c^ufe, or God, he afcribcd the produi^ioh of fouI< which 
 were all crieated, ienlightened and happy ; t»-the mahg- 
 nant caufe he afcribed the cr^t^on of bodies, of all the. 
 .^^ dements, and of 4 that 18 Vilible> tangible br material 
 ^#fttthe univcrfe ; organised bodies wjfc formed, if Wfe be- 
 r lieve Marcion, by "^s malignant caufe to entangle the 
 .^ fouls, which had been created h?ppy, and to make them 
 unhappy ; to this artifi'te o^ the malignant principle he 
 ^afcribes all the calamities of man ; but the malignant 
 ipirit, unable todeftroy the adivity of ibiils^ crea^d by 
 the good fprrit, has c/ideavoured to fix t^m iipder his 
 ; own dominion, by attaching them to thb |arth : to this 
 '. end he has given them jaws, promifciJ t^ewards ajtid ' 
 , threatened puniflimtntii, iiicafe of difobedienc€ tol)imfeli;, * 
 all this Marcion proVcs from the Old Tcftament,.,the 
 work of the malignafat cauft, in it tha rewards and pu- 
 niJhmfnts propufed onlj^ teild to .^tjtach meii to this 
 ■ viiiblc \v/)rld r^difiipite fche yiutitoh, tfe^e ^opd prinei^^^^^^^ 
 y poif, . affumed the appearance pf huma|iuyi prn^fed ^ 
 ■^ itnvai*ds!^nd ptinifhroeiUs In .the ^ew Teikmcrft/ S 
 ' \v>i^ffc/ iif order to brtaie^yry attac|iTvcnt-to thiii vifi. 
 .We .w()H4v 3n4'<^<lH^;rgc tftc J^^ had created 
 
 n-bnitJicjcltjminicHj ;ind tire in'alii^nnrtt fpirit; 
 
3^3; 
 
 a ' \ 
 
 ivhich" attach«s^>them toutlw fv^rtd, and deftroy ^ihi 
 works of the malignant .fpirit, who created it. Marriage 
 vas moft ftri<aiy prohibited in order to prevent the pro- 
 creation of organized bodies, in which the malignant fpirit 
 entangles fouls, and makes them fubjcd to his dominion ; 
 pamelefs crimes, cxceffcs the moft abominable, were att- 
 thoriledto prevcntriieprocreation. of human bd(^ies,lcaft 
 the malignant fpirit fll^buld entangle trappy fouls in them. 
 The Marcionites had the greateft contempt for life, an^i- 
 the moft deeply rooted a^ferfion to that malignant God, 
 whom they called tJie creator of this viflbJe world* Thco- 
 daret fays, that h^faw a Marcronite, aged 90 years', 
 >ho felt the^oft fenfible affli<5ti6n when neceflity coitl^, 
 pelledhiip to nourifh his body with any of the produc-- 
 tions, of the earth ? To eat any of the fruits> produced 
 by the rnalignafct tpirit, was a humiljation to which h^ 
 
 'lybmi'tted through meer necefliry. See Tcr.con^ Mar. 
 Thefe' do^l^iiies 8% Paul condemns jn a few wordk : he 
 4ys, that marriage is not only lawful but honorable ; 
 that every crcAtuifi of God,is ^ood. \yi^t cathplic ever 
 rioubtpd it ? He owt-not condemn ox cenfi^re the virtues 
 of perpetual chiBpfty, and continencyjvvhidi ChFift^himfclf 
 prA<?lifcd andTCcommended^ nor did he condemn thefe 
 voluntary morttficatFons,- \wliich he fiiihfelf prae'tifed to 
 reduce hif bodytbfubjcG\iori; that-failing and prayer, by 
 which alohe thd ttd6leaA fpirit isicaft out. i^Mjfthjj- 
 moths cfficedfrotn the caftigatof*3 copy tq( the ^Bnehc'^' 
 that paffige^ in which. Chrilt fayj», thJt tlie cli3B||^M 
 
 [deaf fpirit cat^not be ex^lle4 bjjt hyfajiing 'and-^^iffp 
 
 {♦^ fflif/> to^efipt j^ wikjii dundtai £KeUheud'*ei'me en Prq/eufie 
 km t^£j}eia***f^Uuki'Xf ig^^ The Writer flircwdly fuf-' 
 p«^s tjiat^'l^e fld|lfihupgh cafti^ltor% o^ is 'one^of' tft^t; 
 t:la(s, fc^rfirtii to chaftity i^cvv^? him^^^^^^ . « 
 
 J' fpirit; rind hk d«ply tooted hi^tftd tp.fc^ing^-aBd-'pfaycr . ' 
 proves hi tmto be of tti^t very' ttuf'* of jiHilOAU'lplVita,. .. g ; 
 
 • ■ ."^ i 
 
 » ':,*?ft' 
 
 ^=^g fn > ve s n i Qi^to be 01 th^t very am t^ 
 
 
.,,'/' 
 
 
 64 
 
 ' clergy, and thefe^unprofitablq aufterities of fafting, abfti. 
 nence and prayer, |b hateful to the difciples of Epicurus, 
 the caftigator pbfervqs the ^reat ufe of prophecy, fjnce 
 from it he is '* enabled to^include that the pope is ^nti- 
 
 ^ chrift^ and the fcriptures are the word gf God,*' p.*242. 
 
 The writer acknowledges !he great uf? of proplicQy, 
 
 more particularly this prophecy of St. P?ul, which the 
 
 ^aftigs^tor has cited : from it he concludes that the cafti- 
 
 liter's »i is oli^ of them feduc'ing fpirits, of which the a- 
 
 poftle Ipoke. Tl^ Qonclufidn is, hat /funded on that 
 
 ^ nonfenfical jargon, ^ich converts cne-,man into tmny 
 
 " • fpirits, and ijiany fpirits' into a fuccelUon of p{)pesv jt is 
 
 , 'founded m %fle apoUles^ words, upderftood m , the plain 
 
 Iteral fenfS,ih which every man mu.ft. ujiderftand them ? 
 
 t^h^ 'apoftle iays : " /pn)6 loi/l apojlatize from ihe fhith'* 
 
 ^^ ap^ejonlai tines ies pi li€oL*\ If iom'e will depart from 
 
 tlic faithi others will perfevere in it : oth^rwifc-flie^- 
 
 poftle would Tiot have faid^^f, *' /im," butW/,.*^ panics,'' 
 
 . drtd it would not have b^en a departure of fume from 
 
 . the faith, but the" total 4eftruciion of] the faith. Did 
 
 the catholic ffiilors and people at any time depart 
 
 frocji the church of t^^ caftigator, its ■ defcrijjtive title ^ 
 
 t . 4he writer dtJCs npt know ? Wis it at 'any time the 
 
 clRirc|i of all irationvft'om which alt other feds original- 
 
 . ; , ly departed ? No,bur c^aftigator inform's us, that his an- 
 
 1 '^ors *were expelled froni the commi^nion oi the Romifli 
 
 cnurch— p. 142. He adds, thjit it was for theii -adber- 
 
 CRCC to tlie truths of religion they wjcre expelled irom 
 
 the R<>mi{h church ,: there iiev^f wa^a fed, whi^h did 
 
 \ rvtafrign the fame rcafon, b^t it is/not the left true. 
 
 that they Were in- it, or they could riot be expelled from 
 
 •^ '^h-^y tjicjretWare not thai chi/rch jfeom- which? the 
 
 -gpoftllc laia'fomc would depart : they d^pflrmd' from it,. 
 
 /the filth contigued i^i|t, aod this caftiga;^c>r'6 <s^ is one of 
 
 ♦hele feducHnp^irpirit.<4 ! which makes its taft frxpV tionn to 
 
 . C(ii»ti/>ufta deliifiorfi, originally ;;|nuh*<|ed^ on imppilufc^ 
 
 ^n?j^l^ t^^^s.r'pafaifirig' wild djeclaraati^n-'" is> Vain : tal^s 
 
 ' ofpop^efi a'ncl -.frlai s^ whether tyue or. falie, may- amj^fc 
 
3^Si 
 
 vr" 
 
 '•!«■ 
 
 > 
 
 uilen^fs oir gr^tify^ |rialig.nlty. but tbcy cannort falfify tfeq L 
 apoiUe's^ words : /osif will d^/fort fnmi (he fakh,, '3o^U|, , 
 not all : the)r w1h> fffin pew conventicles depart : i t "i^ ^ 
 the .(liip which ^iep^rts from the ih()ve : he mutt be ftupic| 
 indeed, who cannot rnake the refledinri, and his i.nfcnii*,. 
 bility mull be great if he doe? not feel \t,, ' ,j ^ 
 
 Tills fpjril of criticifm, which difcoYcrs the. diyin<5 " 
 infpiration of the fcriptures in- the mode ^of expreffion,, " 
 apd *his prophecy Which enabjes hira to concJude that 
 e\(^y pope i^ antichrift, though the apoftle knew but 
 o^ie, do ,n6t.e'ti^irely (^tisfy h:m, they produce a rational 
 perfuafion-^ b<i|t n-otdiylne faith : '• tlere tnay be,** hc,r 
 fays,, p. 542,"** a rational pernio (ion of i he divine in:^]-.; 
 ration of the fcriptures, whvre divine faith is wanting/*: ,g 
 Xhe caule; i^ de{pirat^ ; afcermany ftrupgles he jgives iCl^^;] 
 up : it is.npt an article of his ^airh that tp fcriptures, 
 are dlvindy in^ireJ, it is but a r^Uonal perjaqfton. , 
 
 If it be rtpt :fn article c3ff.iiih that the fcriptttres arc 
 divinely infpiredj it is r.ot a^fin againft faith to deny-i|^ 
 The propfifiti{)n i$. evidfefrt ; if it be not. a fin againft- 
 faith to deny that^the fcripturei^ ire Hivinely infpired, 
 it is not a fin a^ainft • faith to deny that any article con- 
 . taincd in theni is divfriely infpired. This ptopofitioii 
 is not le{k maaifellt than the former : for it (urpafTes ab- ^' 
 f^rdity to'fay^ that the ar^kajcontainccj in the fci iptur^ 
 are diyinely infpired, and tbelcHptures themfelves arc 
 >not. Hence it |4»Uaws that inythe dodrine exprefslf^i 
 taught by this hew-modclled Editiburgh preacher, a mai^ 
 may be a Ohriftian, who docs nW believe a, word of tlje 
 gc»{pel; he/ bad ilccady 4old ^ that a manrnaybca 
 Saint of God thouWh cortfiderabfy involved in the poUu?" 
 tions of fit\. imprbty cannot go further 
 ~ After fiUing^ fauB or five pages with jpaffjges of fcl 
 turc, vylMci have jfo r<;fcrcnce whatever to the fub;' 
 nna^r; fiif rnfTinn/in terfpcrfcd With ftupid ohfeTvatioi 
 foofe- ai)d unconneacd, tq which, if auy de^i:mii;;^iiij^ 
 ieni«^aai be aflixcd, it is that faith is a |^ft of Co^ 
 "W^t^Chtiftian ever denied, or even duubt^. it 7 ^Ji^ 
 
 obfcrvaliow 
 
 >. wU^ , 
 
 ■:r:^^. 'mil:. 
 

 .-y 
 
 36(5' 
 
 ".f«#v,. 
 
 obfervatiohs, he %^, (hew how a ma©, who never'read 
 
 ^ the fcrijjtures, may know the truths contained in them 
 
 t6 bi the wor^^bf God— p. 246 ; he ou^ht to have 
 
 ^^^ItTua how the^otcftant, who takes the (cripturds for 
 
 ■ a foil* and fufScient; rule of faith, knows: that thefe 
 
 trutK§,which he bclieve§ to be tii? word of God, are cf)n. 
 
 / tained in the fcripturcs. ^hisis the embi^rrafling qiiefti- 
 
 pn, from which, by a, mufti plicity of unmeaning words, 
 
 l^e endeavours to divert the attenUon of his readers. The 
 
 writer tells hirt^ once more that^ if the Jjroteftant, who 
 
 does hot read tht fcripturcs, knows the truths, \yhich 
 
 he believes to be the word of God, to be can, 
 
 . fained in them, he muft know it either on. the tef- < 
 
 f |\niony of thafe, who read them, or by divine infpira- 
 
 ^t^OR. There is no mean, and/ in either caiJe, the fcrip. 
 
 turds' s^e not his rule.^ faith. ' •: 
 
 Our caftigator continues his Aeryations on. the pow- 
 crftil irifluande of the fcriptyres Ver ^e^nviRdsofmcp, 
 a|if «Cath9l{cs doubted it ; but they tell 'him, that the 
 ^riptures Have no influence ov^er the minds of meri, who 
 know nothing of their conttjnts, the man who believes . 
 Jii muft be 19 ftupid as thi8.caftlg>UV)r. He cites pa(Fage\ 
 ^rom Auftin zj\dt Jupn. ,Thc forrhe'r fays that his con- 
 verlion waseffdaed by reading an epiftleof St, P^ul, and 
 the latter fays: that the Chriaian dodrine pofTeffes a / 
 certaininnatfemajefty both to terrify and alb re the fmner, 
 ThcTe extracts are ^^ much to the purpofeas^ktrac^s 
 irom the alcoran. jiVas Auftin an Hliierate -^aji !■ Was > 
 juftin a roan who couM^not read? Do^s he intend to 
 perfuide us ^hat Chrift&illed his bHK^ut*for the wtvj, 
 few, who are Capable of\nderflanJtog,the fcripturcs ? 
 , '^/^"^" " ^^fr^y of refuting thefe %irarts by which . 
 
 thi^ caft ^tor dehides t jie uninformedyi * , ' V . ■ 
 ; / After, thefe obfcrvacions, our caftigatdr,VliGk"n^s 
 
 ffii|i thc/writcrHs^m^r^/, in which St. Auftin*s rcafon- 
 *J^S, »g^»!|^^« I^anicHeans is ftated, to which, after 
 ctrafCirivcaivcs again ft popes and pap|fts,. he re- 
 
 Jk -..^A plies 
 
::^J]g^, 
 
 plies *^ that though St;. Auftin had aaually vicw^ all 
 n. faith as founded ton the tieftimohy oiF the church,* it by 
 no means folloTSvs as ^ cbniequent that his fentimerVts ar« 
 juft, p. '249 V After citing fbme paffages from that Fa- 
 ther, which have the fame tendency, and only fcrve.td 
 confirm the writer's reniarks, blending ignorance with 
 artifice, h& atte^npts an cvafion, by wrefting Auftin's . 
 words from their natunl fignificati9ri, ahd the only fenf# 
 which they can bear: Auftiri fays : '* I would not be- 
 lieve the gofpel unlefs the authority of the univer/ai 
 Church induced me.** In quoting thefe ^ords, h? Eys, 
 the writer had omitfed the term uni^fr/aL which is truci 
 and with Unufual fagacity. he difcdvcrs that Auftin did 
 not found his belief on the lejiimonfoi the church, but 
 iSqthe uni^erjallly of the tfftimony. A plain man, not 
 l^ffelfed by this caftigator's oi, could not difcoVer this 
 univerJaUty, oftaftimony in Auftin's words at. all. He ipeaks . 
 of -the authority t)f the Catholic church, not a word o^ 
 the univ^r/aUty oJfit^-t^imoHy : *^ Ecclefia Catholka, Jute- 
 
 rias. 
 
 # 
 
 This fe(5llJ^the cafiigator clofes with ftriflur^f on thft 
 writer' for attempting, as he impudently aflerts, tode-^ 
 llroy the authority of the fcriptures through interefted' 
 views ; the writer eafily conceives, why a fclf conftit.ute.dr ' 
 paftor, engji|red in the propagation of thehuman ipecics, , 
 as his moft indifpenfable duty, finding an honorable 
 fuppori for a family in the fimplicity of his. admirers, 
 fhould feelferioufly alarmed'at any attempt to '^diflipatp 
 ^e delafion JIbut why he ftiould lend thefe motives, 
 which operate fo powerfully on himfelfi to a ntan, who 
 has pot the fame inducements, is not fd eafily tonceivtd': I 
 they were not tsither^ fub[e<fl: to the ft verity ^catholic 
 difci.p|i^y|[honn the ^Ni^ introduced, : faying : \^' bf'j 
 this cr^flfe ha(V<xiuT wealth.*' - ' M^ 
 
 ^enelxtfc<fiiqn by exposing the views 01 
 
 He 
 
 the Ron«%(h : 
 
 (hfiis confcioug,** he fi\f g,^*-fe t 
 
 ■m 
 
 many of^e 
 principles of f^Mon 
 
 ines are i^confiftent with th« j^laineflt . 
 
 The reader muilnatfafpcidkhii^ 
 
 I* 
 
 »* 
 
 r 
 
 A 
 
jS.^'- '>, 
 
 3«« 
 
 
 L>._ , 
 
 
 tia the v|iElw3 bfllRi, though caiitreaTed from the eyes 
 fef thfe^wdrld ; andjtis to' fuppoftthefe db^lrines that 
 *fibe has invented tradition* I'hii traditioo-convcys a ter- 
 ^Hfic idea, and what rnakeS it dltibly alarming; is,that both 
 th^ tferm andj:he Idea;.:ft'hidi-i^ca;nvey%4si)^"tite"mdft 
 yeneirable antiquity ; by thlii tradition ^11 th^ errors ahd 
 h^r^fies, ^^hich have disfigured cHri^iinity fince the 
 apoftles* days, have been refuted and condcttined, ,and 
 'thfeir authors ajnfigned, to infamy ;— fee\TertulHan*s rea- 
 'fanlng,/?(?ffwr^j, p. i42,and lreneus's,p. 93., in this work. 
 ^ To thefe the wrtrer adds an extract Iroip Bajl the Gredt, 
 a writer, who though his authority ttjay not be equal 
 to that of this Ediiiburgh cadjligator's gh, has bc^n confi- 
 dered as one of the moft Intelligsnt, etoqu^nf and pious 
 Writers whom the ciiriftiaft world has yet produced. The 
 .Waiter of his \\it\ a fevere crUic, fays of Baul t " His ftyle 
 Is elevated' 9ud/majeftic, his reafoQirsg profound, his 
 erudition extenfive ; his writings wefii read by all people 
 even the heathens, they compared him to the moft cele- 
 brated Orators of antiquity ; and he may be equalled to 
 the mofteloqiientfathers of the church. From his book 
 ion the Holy GhoH, which St* Jerom, calls an egregious 
 %oirk, the writer gives a traiifcript in the original now 
 Before him. '^ Ion en te tkklclia pephubginen5n dog- 
 nuton ta men ek tes ao;raphou didafkalias echoroen, ta de 
 ek ton aportolonparadofeos diadothenta emin en nlUilerio 
 paradexametha aperamphoteratcn autgn'ifchun echei pi^os 
 ten eufebeian kai toutois oudeis anterci oitis ge kan kata 
 inikron goun thefmon ekklefiaftiohon pepeiratai. Ei gar 
 cpicheireiiamen ta agrapha ton ethon 6s ou megaien 
 echonta t€n dunamin paraitei(lhai lathoimen an eis auta 
 ta kairia zemiountes to cuaggfeUon, inallon de»eis ononia 
 pfiK.n periiftontes to kerugma, 6'ion ina tou protou kai 
 koifiotaipu proton mneftho to tiipS tau ftorau touseis 
 toonoma, tou'^Miriou ^mon jFfou ChriltouT^Tp^ 
 katalemainefthai tts ^"dia'gfanTmatos didaxas ; to pros 
 Xiiatolas petrapthai kata ten profeucher^ poion edidaxerf 
 
56$ ::■ ': 5^■, ■■ 
 
 as grammata tis epikKfeos remjita epi ahacJctxd 
 tou artou cuchariftias e roii potcribu t^s culogias tb 
 tSn Igioft cggraphos gminkat^Iclolpch; oiigar de 
 toutois arkoumctha, on 6 apoftolds € ft;o cuaggclion 
 ^pcmhefthe, alia kai pVdcgdtncn kai cpaogomcn ctcra 
 OS mcgilcn, tichonta prbs to muftarion teii ifchdaek 
 tcs agraphoii didalkalios paralabdntcs. EuIo|oijmca 
 dc to ddorjH Baptifthatos kai to clai(^ t^s Chryfeoi . 
 icai proiei^RitdA toft baptizomc6on apo poioh eg, 
 graphon ; otik a()o t^s' fi5pomehe« kai n^uftikeft,: 
 iparaddfeds , ti dt atiten tou claiou ten Chrifcil tfs 
 logos gegramrtcnos cdidaxc ; t6 dc tiis bapti^esthal^ 
 ton atnthropon potlKHn^, alia de ofa ^r to Baptifml : 
 apbtafiefthai to Satana kai \ph aggdois autott ck poias 
 cfti grapJics ; ouk ek t€s ademoficiitou . tout^s 
 kai aporr^oTi didkfkalias en en apoluprtgmdir- 
 eto, a^criirgafld fig6 di patcrc^j «mon cphufaxan ka». 
 16s t:keinbi dedidagmcnoi ton ' mMction ta femma 
 iiopc ikfofcfthai a gar)6udecpppteiicin cxcfti amuc ' 
 tois toutoii p6B ; ah In eikos tfin didafkalian thriaito-/ 
 beueinai engranttnafin.*' 
 
 '."Of inftitutions objferved in the church i»e have 
 Tome from written doArine, andfome delivered to us 
 from the tradition of the apoftles, both whicli have 
 the fame tendency to piety, and thefe no rtian con- 
 tradrfts, if he- be in the Icaft convetfant with ecdeli*. 
 aftical laws J for if. \ye ittempt ^ to fet afide Unwritten 
 cuftoms as Having no great force> we imprudently 
 hurt the goipel in its principal parts, and reduce ' 
 preaching to-an empty...ndme. For to affign firft, 
 whatis-Brftand mo^ conipion, who in writing has * 
 taught that they^ who hope in the name of our Lord 
 Jefus thrift arc tobefigned by the figure of the Cfofs^ ^ 
 1 o turn to the eaftia prayer, what writihg has taught " 
 
 "^ ^ '^^^yj^^,^^^^^^ ^^^ o^tbjn of t he ' 
 
 I5rMiiM£heeucharift^.0lfj:hech^^^ qlftcnediaion; / 
 who of the f^itffs has left us in writing^^p'we are not ' - 
 content with thefe, which arc rememfa^Hly the apof-' 
 
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 ^'W'^«M^Pg€?-^t virtue towards the myficty and 
 
 the perfon to be^baptif^d, from what wrfUng ? h it not 
 Kv' ^"^WiM tradition ? Andtheunaion of 
 2^^M written wprdh^,,ta,,ght hlTainm^ the 
 I^ftothncc,wiience,is it? And wlutfQev<ir Ptkt thi«« 
 cpa.crnmgbaptifm.a, to rcW^^^^^^ his anZ 
 
 ^ JrcHn whjt wrKi,g^1t fUlt „^ from tfiat doct^inS 
 p^bl^y fpQkei^ which our fethers i« pcactful fileiice, 
 
 ^ from yam curiofity, prcferved ? And they them. 
 ^^!l,«ar^d to prcferye the gravity oftnyfte- 
 r^?vm.%ef?r %w^is]tvyi.fimUar that the. dd^rine 
 of ^i;fe things which iire i^t tc> be feenb^ 
 
 fn^^S^^**^"^^*^ ^ triuiDphantJy JhcwB in writ. 
 
 . Aftcriaying that Mofes did not^Xpofetb pubHc vic^ 
 theritcsand,ccrcmoniespraaifed in the temple, Bafii 
 affi^s the>cafdn,why doarifle* tiught,and rites infti. 
 tuted by the apoftles, were not commUted to writingat 
 !L t."'*,!^", ^"'^"^d^ tropondcdi tt |)cri tasekfllcftts 
 mrches ;diatbcfinoth<;t^faBte8 apoftoloi di patresent6 
 kekrummono deapbthcget0 to femnoti toismiiftcriois 
 ephulaffon oudcgar aJj6^muftcrion toei*t€n dcmod<^kai 
 cikaian akouen ckphoroun. outos 6 logo» tfs ten a. 
 graphon paradofe68 6s me katamclictlfhcifan t6n dog. 
 mat6n gnofih eukatophroneten 1918 polloii genclthat 
 dia functhcia : alio gar dogma alio kcrugraa, Ta men 
 gar dogmata fiopatai; ta dc kcrugmata demolicuctai 
 iiopcsde eidos kai afapheia c fcechrctai ^ graph* 
 dufthcorcton katoikcuayotiia tdn dogmatd^ton noun 
 pros to tAaentugchanton Luliteles.'* In the fame 
 nwnner the apoftlcs and fathers in the commence- 
 inent, inftltuting ritftft pnd fhlngl concermng the 
 
 • ft**''^.!^*'*^^"''*''^ *" fwrct and'in^nience their ifia. 
 J€«Xqg^ myaeries: for that is not aUiJgcther a 
 inyftcry, which is brou|hi to ptiHic ^ com in^n 
 
 
Umm This isthc rcalon bf the tl^msfr 6f iSrt^ ' 
 written things, that the ncglcdcd knowledge of 'rit^" 
 may hot bccpihecontemptiblc to many frona cuabntf^ 
 aiitc is one thing, a (joarinc id ihri*er, rites are^ 
 M&dio fUpncc,cloarincsare piiiili(Wi*d. There * t; 
 fecret oi filcnce and obfcttrity, #hkh l*c Mjptti^^ ; 
 u(b pre difodang the feofe of idftimrion^ ft> tK^^' 
 U wUh di&ulty difcovert4, and that for thc^awlvai*. 
 tage of them wUo find k." He then enumerates liiarty 
 rites inftitiitedby the appftlcB, and %!-: epHeipfe 
 i^e emera to agraph^i t« efckl^fias mnf^:i^ &Bgpa- 
 ipenon/ E^ ta alU^ auten de t^n 6inol<^ii t^4^ 
 t^itebs piftdueip eisi patera kai (iion^kai ^dn pnc^r 
 ma ek ppidn grattjaiat6n c^dilrtett. The day would ^ 
 £»« me relating the unwritten myftcries bf thi? ^hwdi. J 
 I omit other things ; the very cbnfeflion of feith^to * 
 believe in tlic father, and the Son, and the Holy - 
 Ghoft, from wto writings have m it ? Lib. dc Sp. 
 
 {ti\f Cap. §7 •' 1.? ' 
 
 Qur Edinburgh caftigator woiiW Mvre tdH Wtiir 
 that the moft illiterate of his new-rtodctted coftVcrtt 
 finds il in the fcripturea. How wonderfully iHc 
 i;,forid has been enlightened by thefe new teadiciv. 
 What Bafil the ^reat could not ftml in the fieiir^ 
 tcftiment, though written in his n«iVelangua^, in 
 the lan^age whiclv he had-leirnt frOf^^u ^^^ . 
 tvetf difdple of liie ww fchool finds in «l*e «ng^ 
 verfion ! And»what to ail plain men fc<*mJi incredible^ 
 even they, whphaveyet their alphab<*t# leartt. r^' 
 .How this ATncrable Greek would ftiWt, if he w^ 
 told that aU thefaiitea and xoremonifcs, which lie, dn 
 the teftimony of his predcccffors, believed to tov^' 
 been inftijuted by the apcyftlca, were popilh foperftitt. 
 pns, andthii unwnttch™ t^Uion invented by «M!* . 
 •^ fnp port bf them I Th is gyetttHPditfi^vqtid bjr 
 
 S«^hnSim^^world, died in Vhe yeat- 3}r9, tWis tww 
 hundred and tdeven years before Gregory «ic GrtiV 
 bcgaato ^rern die church, tftet whofe detth t1ib» 
 
.,»■>■■ ■ '/■, 
 
 -Ti ' - » f 
 
 3n 
 
 fmw^ converted kto Aatichrift by the imDdftii*. 
 ofw, impudent monk. - rapottuift 
 
 cer^^ 'l^Hf*^i?^"^ ""' thattliefc rite, an* 
 
 ii;ew)t found in t^ icnptuces, we^c inftituted by' tli 
 ^^^^m^Xt^n >,hy they were notVrh-^ 
 - jcn, ^,t tr^fmitted by oral tradition to thfj paftors in 
 ftcccffipnj foipe eler^npr tweWe hundredyears before 
 C:dym (^ ^o^ ^ad ^alfehtened th<^ world with their 
 iHcubratipns; ^ fo vqiverialli^ was it beUevedthat 
 theft rites jcreo£;^poftolicalinftitutjon, tbat no man 
 m the l<»ft<?o^w«int with ecclcfiafticaldifcipline was 
 ^undtacOPtcft it.healfoinfornjsuMhatdoarinesoC 
 ts^thwc^ founded on U>is apoiloJical tradUipn ; beirin- 
 ri"? tis iev^nth jhapter oEthateelebrated ww^^^ 
 «oy Ghoft, be ikys : cd^de kai peri.tou 4giou pneu- 
 Viatos tas koinps emon cnnPias apoial tines eiOn exe. 
 tafom^ntas.tcektpngrJipboo peri anton fona^theifas 
 emui kai.;*s ek tas agraphou paradofees ton patron dic- 
 idiedexam^tha.'*. and i?ow ^oi^t^crping the Holy Ghoft 
 ^cflijjtt (examine our common nodonstif what nature 
 fomp^e concerning Wm; ty»fc coUeacd by us 
 , «rcin th<fc fcript^res^^d thpf^ '^avc received from 
 tbe unyrnnen traditipp of thf ftitherv ^ 
 , in Jis 29th chaptei: in reply to ap eic^jption tike^ 
 •gainft^h? do^ology dfc which he had founded a prooCv 
 of th^ divinity of ^bc Boly Gboft, 3aiil %,. pros gc 
 ^en amarturoti kai agraphon cin^i ten fun topncumati 
 doxologian ck;eino Icgomcn. iti ei incn m^den cteroi^' 
 agrapbon made auto psMradccbthctoei de ta plci«ta toiii 
 muaion agraphos 6nin empolitcu<;tai ineta polici 
 ftcion kaiauto katadcxometUt, apoftdikon de^dmai 
 ^ to tals agraphois paradofeia paramtnein ; as to the 
 doafology (wiih the Hr4y Ghoft) being unaUeftcd 
 and unwritt<;n this we f;^y ; i f there^be nmhing clfc_ 
 ^M^iiiicM let iraTa^^noF received VUtttif^^^ 
 SljrilM^are received by'us without writings let us re- 
 vive this with oiapv^ others. I think it is apoftplical 
 
 '*%;i ■ : / to 
 
 ' Jf 
 
 ■j», A 
 

 to pcrfcvcrc in unwritten tradltiotis. Hfe theti cite6 tSif 
 Iblloti^ing paJB&^firoro St. Paul's cpiftje ift- C. 1ti.rl^ 
 epAino gar phefiii {^nas 6ti panta mou menniefthe kal 
 kathio^ paccdoka il^min tas paraddfeis katechete. f pr^: ^ 
 you, fays he, (P.) becaufe you rcmcmbci' aH things of 
 mine and a%I dcKvcredi to you,you hold the traditions/^ 
 To this pafiage, from the firft to theCorinthiam,bc iiii- 
 mediately fubjoina the following pafiage from thdfe* 
 cond to the Thefiaionians, ii- I4» kai te krateitt? ti» ^ 
 paradofeis as paralabcte cite dla logon chc di epiftolas ;; 
 and this, *' hold faft the traditions which you have to- 
 ^ived, whether by worJ or by letter ;" he then fliiwg 
 that though the doxology be not found in Scripture 
 \% i^ not the Icfs certain as it is fbund in the writings of- 
 th^e, who were inftfucted by the apoftlcs and their- :, 
 Immediate fuccc0brs, he cites Clement of Romfej' 
 ireneus, Dcnnki bf Rome, Dennis of Alexandria, &c.- , 
 
 Of all the great writers of antiquity, there is not 
 pnc of greater weight and authority than Bafil, and' 
 he attells iftat thefe rites and cererobnies, which im-^ 
 poftiire impudently pcctends to have been invented 
 by popes fome ^entijries after his death, wgrc rcligi-\ 
 ^pufly obfervcdkii hjs time, and believed to beof^ 
 apoftolical inftitutioui the (ame truth is attefted by the^ 
 few Writers who' preceded 3afil, and whofe works 
 j^re yet extant. rcrtuUian, in his book onthe foldiers*- 
 crown, fays': we make oblations for the dead, and' 
 for our birth on the annual day ; we think it a crime' 
 
 to faft bn Sunday "at going out and con)inginV * 
 
 at putting on our cloths and our ihoes ... . we wcaf ^j, 
 our forehead with the iign of the croft, of thefe and 
 many other cuftoms^if ftu aflt the hw from the fcrip^ 
 tures you will fitii none. Tradition is offered as found*^ 
 ing, cuftom confirming and faith obfcrving. Cip. #• ^ 
 A fimilar teiti m o ny i« given by Clement of Ate»»' J 
 
 undria, a writer more ancient than TerruUiin byfomw 
 yeaihf, and of more uhqueftionablc authority ilhcy,^ 
 fays he, ** who prefervcd the true tradition of holf 
 
 do^riae 
 
m '. 
 
 < s-.V , 
 
 W*' 
 
 WH-ineAom^Ac h(4jr/,»pottW Peter, James, Jji^. 
 and JRjtuJiiy ^, a^jfoii j-eicclves irom their father, [few 
 
 \w«^d|at ottf'tw^ with us, t^>pQaoU€aI 
 
 M^ »*««>?^^^ He did -not reveal to 
 
 the iii^y. th|8^ things which did not belong to the 
 -Uwny, but/tq the fcin^ >»hoiaJ« knew ^t^p^ receive 
 %m SMai be formecfchy them/' iSh. Lib, x. " ' 
 ^JJfement hadr&icKed under. the celebrated BanCfnus, 
 aiHl^cecdedhim^in the Chriii^n fchooi at AJcxan- 
 4jf?avfMonded fey the evangcKft a; Marc. Hi* works 
 ' |jr«n calls inffgmafvUmimi p/ena^udiimmsts^^icf^uemia, 
 rmti^hibk werks^/aii of :4ruditmAnd el»^t^^ ^ thj 
 %llopJ^founded by the evi^gcit^ be iUd :j^;^ 
 dat Chria didnot thJiO^ itrUfwe^i^ tfti^;i^ to the" 
 multitodc the ritet apd cercnaoaiei, "by whicli the 
 bifliops and other minifters ofi hk ch^rdi aw inftitu- 
 ted, nor the rites and Gerem<>nic8 tp be-bbferyed by 
 thci^ in the celebration of thje divine myfterics and 
 adminiftration of facraments 1 committed to them, 
 not io the multitude j and we ^ow from Bafil th^ 
 In hfe time thefe rites were not cjommitted to writing 
 «alk this injunaion of 3t. Pbiul to his difciple Ti. 
 iBOthy,^* /Af^ tAi^s whi^b ytm haw htavdfrm me by 
 many witneffes thtjmm eommit i^faitkfidmen^wU'will 
 h tapahle rf UacUniaben,'* a, Tim. ii. i^ was ob- 
 ferved by other bilhops as well as by that prelate : 
 they did mit write thefe things for tJie multitude 
 becaufe it was not the duty of the multitude to teach 
 Others, it was their duty to learn ; but they commit- 
 ted them to f<uthful men, whofe duty (c was to tfiach 
 others. Thus the chief paftors Iranfmitted the doc- 
 trines, the rites and ceremonies, which, they had learn- 
 ed frpm their predecefforfe, to.the^r fijcccffors in ufficc. 
 • ^<8Patius>a difcipleofSt> John tl|e Evangfim, biOiop 
 -•frAirtrochi^jn his way TotemeV Where ^TyHercd for" 
 the faith ; exhorted the taithful in the diff«ent cities 
 Ihrough which he puffed to pcrfcvjarc in the /iW//w/i/ 
 
 tt 
 
"-375 • \\ -^^ ' 
 
 hiiift, •'IgnatijUs, who, (qcond after Peter, obtained tht 
 chair of Anfcioch when li^^^V xondiiiflfccHhf oiigfe Msr, 
 tinder a ftri^gnard of Soldiers con^rnilng^ the churches 
 in the federal titles tliroii|;h which he pafflcdi admoj* 
 niOied them in the fir ft ^lace to beware bf the corrupt 
 opinions of fectariesv which tli^ began to' come tb 
 flight and to fprcad wJiiBiy ; he exhortfcd them to ad- 
 here with firiniicfi to tile traditions of the apollleSy 
 which for the mote certain knowledge of pdflcniy he 
 thought jt neceffary tpcotnmit to writing, ^confirmed 
 t)yhis teftiiriony.**' ^ "^ : ■ • . " i 
 
 Hie letter* of thi^ ;a^ott61idi painai^h i^^y^^^ e^ 
 tant : he ftri^ly and repeatedly recommends unity of 
 ientiment, aiid obedtend: to bithops, prie{h.^nd ^e^-; 
 cons. Our Edinburgh ciiftigator, with the ncweft;'* 
 tnodeMed ibodcfty, tells us on the veracity of Ms »^, 
 that his new churchy iit^whidi 'dieir is neither biftiop/ 
 prieft ^nor -deacon, has re-al^med the for^ of this 
 primitive cburch* This it,' perhaps, the mbftgrd^ 
 impoiition that evei' wat obtruded on public credulitf. 
 
 In order, if poffible, to undeceive many well-mean-, 
 ing^nd pioufly difpofcd perfons, who are ^heVictiiiiS^ 
 of their own fimplieity^ the writer adds to the te(U-' 
 mony ^f thefeveneraWtprt^atcs of the Greek church^^ 
 againft whom no exception can be ftated, the tcftimony," 
 of the grcateft tatin waters which the CHriftian world"; 
 4aiows. 
 
 St. AutJftirtia fifth Book on BaptaSsi a^ 
 . Donatifts, cap. %%. n. 31. fays, ** that cufibiii wliic^ij 
 was cppofed to Cyprian muft be believed to have taikeii ' 
 its beginning from' their (the apdftlcs') tradition, ia»* 
 there arc many other things which the whole churcll 
 )iold« and for this are juftly believed to havebceri.; 
 com m anded by the apoftlo though they aw-itot ^'"'''"^ ^ 
 writt<tn." 
 
 Jcrom iniiis book againft theLuctfAltwflnl 
 this Luciferian advancio|; a truth which he.cndcaVoT^-J^ / 
 
 'ifr.-^* 
 
 
 \».j^^V*<fAf4! 
 
■' W;- 
 
 .:-Ll 
 
 h.. ' 
 
 37<^ 
 
 V 
 
 pd\6 wrcft in fupport of citOr : " do not yoti know,^^ 
 iJiys the Luciferian, " this to be the cuftom of churches 
 that after baptifm hind^ ?ire impofcd on thfbaptifcdi 
 land the Holy Ghoft thtrs invoked ! You a& where 
 it is Written ? Iq the Ads of the Apoftles j bnt if for 
 tlii^ the authority of the CcriptUTc wiEtc not found, the 
 confent of the whole world is as k precept ; for many 
 0lfcr things afe oblcrved in the church on tradition j 
 wWiA have obtained tjje. authority, of written law.** 
 ^o'tbfs Jtroai replies; "I do hot deny the cuftom of the 
 church .. .Miut why is it that you transfer the laws 
 of the churcli to herefy ? he then (heWs that though it 
 i)e the cftabliflxedand tin ivetfal cuftom of the church for 
 N^etiihop to impofe hands on the bap^ifed to invoke 
 "line Holy Ghoft, liTSTimtJ^ that the grace of 
 
 the Roly Ghott is conferred in baptifm. This power of 
 ' Jinpofing hands, that is, of administering thcSacrament 
 of Confirmation i« refcrvcd to Vhe Bifliop. he fays, for 
 the honour of the priefthood. Thcfc are his -^jrordtv 
 •* the fafcty of the church depends oh tliedignify of the' 
 thief prieft J for if there be not fomc extraordinary 
 und idminent power given to him there witt be as many 
 lichifms in the church a^ priefts." Hence it is that/ 
 .Vithput the Chrism and the bi(hoJ)'« order, neithfcr 
 bricft nor deacgnf has a right to baptife though it be 
 Wlowed when neccflrity compels even for the laity to 
 ^o itv'* H<? proves that the grace of the Holy Ghoft 
 Is conferred in baptifm from the baptifm of the eunuch 
 by Philip the deacon, on whom the \iofy Ghoft im- 
 iticdiatcly defccnded Without the impofition of the 
 ibilhop's hands, Afts viii. ,38. that this power is rcferv- 
 •d to the biftiops is manifeft from a fact related in the 
 fame chapter j for when Samaria had received the 
 wor^» though the converts there had been baptifcd by 
 jjfflp* and had received the Holy Ghoft as the eunuch 
 
 ^dWithout any Vifiblc^gos^ yet the Holy Ghoft did 
 not yifibly dcfcend on any one of them till Peter and 
 Joli^, had icppofcd hands on them. The eaftiga^or 
 
 '|q 
 
 cannot 
 
 
 
,f'-v 
 
 
 vi77 
 
 m 
 
 hand.. iifS^hich thi^^gr^cc.oy^^ 
 I redon"thebaptifcdCiiriftiafl,i8a.<acr^eiit. Jnereare 
 
 noncfo blind as tjhcy, ^ho wiU pot «»e. , This tw^^^^^ . 
 • too, and thefe other «ren)omC3 of baptifm, ^.loh he . 
 ■ derides, were as univcrfally cbferved by the Latin^ 
 
 the Greeks, Jerom is a wi^nefiifor tteonei ao^BaliLlF 
 
 the other.,' * .^ < » » ^r • -^ 
 
 Hilar ius. f deacoh rtiorc ngia titan other tucifer^aqs. 
 would not acknowledge the Arian b^ptifm. though W 
 the common form, Valid, .of him JeroiB lays:.' Hda. 
 rius as he has receded from the church a deacotJ, and^iS 
 himfelf, as he thinks^ tht jpeople of the world, cannot 
 confccrate the eucharift. ^ having "f^J^^^^^PP;^^^;; 
 priefts..V. As'the man U n«w dead the ieft died with , 
 him. bccaufe a deacon coutd not ordain i dei-gyman af^ 
 ler him, and that is not a church which has not a pnelt* 
 buttopafs unnotic%da few worthlefs incn, who arclo 
 ^hemfelvc^ both bilhops and laity, hear v? hat you an. |o 
 believe of the church." He then dercnbes the Catholic 
 church fuch as it was then, fbch ai^ itis irbw, and fuch 
 as it wiM be until the confunjmation, and Gnally con- 
 dudes, -. ** in that church you muft remain, which, 
 founded- by the apoftles, -continues tti^p'^d^y- ^ 
 you hear thofe. who ire faid to Mong to ^nft, named 
 not afteY our Lord hfas Chrift. but after fomc other, 
 as Marcionites. ValenlianiftS. Montanift., or CampamiM, 
 know that it isnotthecWchof ChriftbUtthcfyna. 
 goguc^of Antichrift'. for by this alone that xhcy haw 
 been fince inttituted they &cw themfelves to be th^fcp 
 taries foretold by the ap9ftle ; and let them nc^t flatter 
 themfelves if from fome paflfages in the fcript|i^ws tlj^ 
 feem to conErm what they fay, fincc the dcvjl himft^f 
 fpokefome thing? from the fcriptures, ancj tjiefcnptMpcs 
 r . .J-rin. :^ >k^ ;^^r4;nc r but Jn tjhcundcnjtfSigamg^: 
 
 .ih^cfiacbfigJ 
 
 anderibt 
 romDoifi: 
 
 foi- S wTSio^ the letter, wc may alio compSpa neW 
 doStine and rcfufe tc^ admU i^to the church them^hp 
 
 ;. YT .OUf 
 
 ^ 
 

 
 'I 
 
 
 /; (^r cattigator, whd tft varh {ought hW anccfto^^ 
 ;amorigft the Wicklefites, the Huffites, the WaldcnCcs^ 
 ittid even aWibn^ft us idolatrous Papifts, would havi 
 jlbilnd them in Hflari^s' fcft, rh which there was neither 
 ibittiop npr bpieft. It is true jerom Tays the fed died 
 Jl>lth him, bilt it is revived in this Edinburgh caftiga- 
 ~%rVlittlc chtwch, Und the forfti rc-aCumed. 
 ** St, Auftin, de. Reg, Ex. Cap. 5,2; fays : »* perfotis 
 'biptifed am^gft heretits, who biptire in the confefTinn 
 M^ HolyT""ity and come to. us, arc received as bap- 
 "tifcd, left the invocation or cohfellion bf the Holy Trinity 
 ^'ije annuHed, but they ate taught and well iijftruaed in 
 "■If^ fcnfctheihyfteryoftheHoiy lYinityvis heldinthc 
 /)4huVch. If they confeiit to believe and atquiefce to 
 '^CohfdS,bein^ already purified, let theih be cob firmed in 
 ithe integrity df the faith by the impofition af hands \ if they 
 bcchildren.orfo ftupid that thcycanilot learn the do^rine, 
 let thefe, who offer them, anfwer for them, jrccording to 
 thcciiftom of theperfoh rb be bapti{ed,and thus ftrength- 
 'enc4 by ihe impofition tf han^s ind the chrifm, Xzt them be 
 |dmltted to th« myft^rSes of the eucharifl,'* the unt- 
 tfeto pf chriftn, which this caftigator, in derifion, caHg 
 grcafe. Was therefore religioufly obferved in the primi- 
 tive chiirch, thbugh not tnehtioned in the fcriptur^. 
 \ "This venerable, learned and pious prelate, St. Auftin, in 
 1^^ homilies to the tiew Chriftiags, explains all the cere- 
 ^lionies of baptifra now obferved in the Catholic church, 
 ^, AJ'hich tbis caftigator, ^^-hofc petulance is equalled but by 
 - ^hi# ij;nbrance, in cbarfe and offenfive termsVirapudcnt-' 
 ty derides.' 
 
 rroiii thefe ei^tra^s, not tranfcHbed from a repertory, 
 
 which the works of leminept writers arc garbled and 
 
 ifliioned by impoftiire; but from the Works themfelves 
 
 ibw before the writer, the leader will fee with what 
 
 cruf iruth thiy|:dmbWgh^im|at6r"cantdcnjtl)r 
 iflcrts that thefe Ceremonies arc of pdpiih invention, 
 [j ^ ^ p»jd^ tradition invented tb fiippoi t thSiL:^ " ^^^ 
 
 ^p'ahy man upon cool re^dion can prevail on hhnlHf 
 
 ' ■ %■ ' ". ' ■ ' :*":•- ■ -' ■ : to 
 
r 
 
 '^ 
 
 SQ. belie v« tftat all thefc gfcjitj writcfs p£ different coBii-..^ 
 tries, ip eminent in fcienpeap3 venerate for ianciitj';^| 
 ij\-vhofe dQc^rinc there is fuch 51 perie*^. coincidence, have , 
 bc«n dcccived.pr have combipjqd^ tp/decrive the \^Qx\i^ 
 aipd that hal^a dp^en proftl^gjatc arid^etrvlaiit mbrifcs, rc- 
 npuncingihelr vows and prpp[i4(<»s to gratify their pa©^ 
 oni, iq whofc qpinipn there is. ijpthing biyL.qpntradi^ti*^ 
 ]^^ oiis, cath a& incpniil^cnti with the other,as ttiey are all wttli^ 
 " truths' have |e<^n ftnt to uqd^eiyc the wprldL hi«^.i)n6|tuaft« " 
 tipn IS liyn^entable indeed,. 
 
 After {hewing, as hc^ imagines, that the rites of ad^ 
 miniHerh^g the ^cranients o^|?aptifm, apdtheeu^hari^^ 
 afid of ijiftituting the 0/^(:m ofJhe.chitrQh, arc diftlnaij^, 
 taught in the icript^rcs, though no^ pne of thefegreatj 
 vvriteripf aptiqpity, could fijjd them t,h«ire, and the mo% 
 intelligent, aswelvavealreadyicen',C*y they s^renot there^- 
 the ca%atpPvtelku^ that the obforyancepfithetobath was* ' 
 a Jewijhpcculiarity,thi8.hc/ayj8, did. ijot oqcur IQ t^e writer^ 
 Tru'e it di4- ppt occur tph|m ;; hchafi read fQmcwhcre ;, " 
 *' '^^^' ^'^^i vWefcd. the, Cev^nth. day and f^tiftifiqd it : 
 l^caufepn it|i,l^ad reftedrlroiwi; all his works,** Cci>.ii^ 
 ^. This fabbath whict^ *he caftigatbr'g 0^ difcpyers t<^ - 
 l)aye been a Jpwilh pecuiiarity, was,, if Mpfeu^U truth, 
 limelified axj4 cbnfecrated to the divine fervice, fomp twp * 
 tJioufand.ycai^lpfore Abt^ham, the father of the Jewifii 
 ^^^^Q^y ^ya§.,b#ir i. an^ ip tie x;x pf Expdus, Mpfes affign^ 
 the fi^p reafpn as,lve did iji the ii pf Genefis: " in fi?j dayf 
 the Lord, majfla the ieay.en^ and t.he earth, the fea, and all 
 that in tjiem are, and reftcd the feveiith day, an4, wher<^- 
 (ore, Jphoyah blcffed the fev.entKday and fanaified it.'/ : 
 In the 5th pf Deutcrononjy he aflSgns an additional - 
 is^ajpa why he enjoins fo ilria:, an bbfervaiicc of the 5|ali- 
 l^ath in the Jews, '* that thy man. fervant,apd thy maicf- '^ 
 feryant mgy reff at well asthou, and rcmcinbpr that thpvi'^ : 
 ^aft aij;ryant in the Land of Egypt, and that tlje Lor4 
 
 Thy X^pdWoupx tlvee out Troro thence with i ftrong 
 The benefit of thp creatipn was cpmwoli) to aC to ^ 
 
I.' 
 
 if^:^ 
 
 '^Gcn^lea!,.a8 to' the JeWirtEi obligation of" paying) dti^ 
 hoifllajge y Vhe Creator foxinditd on ^thfc bcH^fit oi the 
 cri^sition, €<^uafty conim6nVB^ce this |><ififive ptdcept 
 
 >^hiverl^l!y bl3fi|id,;^ of the ctciticn; the 
 
 ddiycrance'From the Egyptian hVndage was kii additional 
 
 . favour conferred on the Jw^s,' which did. not dimihilh 
 tlie benefit conferred op all tinankind by the Crcation^no^ 
 ,.;^he obligation of acfeiowledgji'ng it by i!hc fa^ificatipn 
 of the labbath. . This prspctfpt, i?herefofe^ 'did ,not 'ci)rn- 
 inence with the ceremonial law of the Jews, arid if it 
 terrninated with it,; it was beca^iifc the fame' Obd who !had» 
 Orrfered the fan^iflcation o^ the Ceycnth day' in come, 
 iftoration'ofthfe creation, transferred the: obligation! to 
 the firft day in cornrti^inoritloh of a yjet greater benefit, 
 that is, tfce redefhjptiofl ; an^ l^his >y^ ^now not from the 
 
 ' ^riptures.fcyt.ft'o^ traaitibfc:^^^'^ ^^^«,^'t : 
 
 ^ith refj)e^ to the inftiiutlon of the^rft (hy, fays the 
 
 caftigator, p. 2^ r, both the language and icioriducl: of the 
 
 apofiles can be exhibited; to its being ap{^rbpriatcd tot di- 
 
 ^ yinc wbrihip ; it is not, thdr^f9re, i,n the'fcripturcs that, 
 
 , he finds ^bis inft^itution : he d^dWce? it frOtti the' language" 
 
 ^ ind conduct of ^iie apoftle's. ' Jp'Ow will chie^ illiterate pro- . 
 
 , teftant/not gifted^ with the tiftigator's 0^,' nor blefjfed 
 
 • with |iis powers of diyination, deduce from the language 
 *and condudt of the apoftles, the moral obligation of 
 lan^Jtifj/iipg the,firft day pf th6 Week, whilft he finds the 
 ;(pbligati(in of fan^ifying the i^venth day txprefsly dated « 
 
 * > lili^'i^dpeatedry inculcated in the fcriptbres ? Isfee not tbld 
 that he will find eVery truth of faith, and every moral ob- 
 ligation diftinctfy taught in his rule offaith> the fcripturt-,? 
 ' JSfier all th{$, the Cafti^ator, with all his powers of divi- 
 
 , iiatif^h, ca'ithot deduce this truth from the language and 
 toiicyii6i^of the apoftles. The piffz^ts which he cites do 
 libt fupport the deduj^ipn : in the origfnal it is^ thus 
 *%<^ritten.: ^* en dtrte mia im fahh&tdn*'^ that is; ** m me of 
 '^he/abh(fthi^ or as tnid 66t% iiot &refp6nd Wilh/j^'^/on, 
 fuppc-fihg emcra undcrftood " m one day of thejabbathi^* , 
 "Which very naturally fighifies ** we jabbalh day,** not 
 
 - : ■/ ■: 'V , ■- ■• :■ ^ ■■ ■ ibe 
 
 ■ •♦-^y.f 
 
 M 
 
,^ 
 
 die firft day oftht^eii ; it tSietefprc it bfe Uhaeirfloodi? ' 
 of the ^rrday of tiHiiWCck. |« is bcMute Uidition hm^K, 
 traiifiDittcd^Us^the fcnfc intended bySfe.P^ul- Rtf.^ 
 cpurfe may be tad totkc fhctpricat .figure Synecdoche J 
 and f() HcbitatftTi^, Iti^vvllicll -t;h«,carafnal hutttb^r Ca^ ' 
 pH'es the place of the ordinal, Uiid the plural is taken fpT* 
 th^iingular^butthiS^ a foyced'cpnflpiaii9ri» ^aii^ 
 within^ Hi«rc^Gh of the unlearn^ ■ -•' • j^ -^'t. lP\' 
 
 S^ppofn1g it -as certain from the t^a^t, tndcppndcntFg^ . 
 otj the fenfe" which tradition' Has ijB&xed to" it, a^ ifttf 
 Vȣ'ertaitt ^^i miajon fabbaiSn fignilics m M- ^^^ 
 of the week, and that ^\ hla^M ^^rWn,** whi<h in^ph^^ ' 
 EpgUfti fi^nifics'/fl ^Wflife ^mrf;' implies to commnied^'W. 
 make th<!^ortimwnion, frcmi Wbtti^rindplc J^es ;1ia> 
 conclude diat this firtt day wis. not only apprbpmted^to. 
 dtyine fervice, but alfo fabftiVutea tft the fevenith day^ 
 which was conlecritcd to divine fervice from" the ^o«r^ 
 ihbcementWtifce ? th^ facrcd p«iii)4|»,1ays, ^i5^ 
 ii, 4^ th^' tli^ di^iples a&nibled "^/^c katB ^mercm^ 
 breakingbreti^, ktlntes irten''^^ every^ day iii the w^k; 
 apbroprii^k to diline fervice 1 He findt hi riie Rete- 
 IMlon thatSt^olS ctills it tl^ I^iord^s tit^^' kurm 
 ^ff;i?/j/V-R^v. i. lb ; but St. John does ^of % that; 
 thistlay, whivh be calls the Lord'* Day, was the firft or" 
 the laift d^y of the week, c«r of the ti^onth, If this Edin- 
 burgh caft%ltor knows le to be the firft day of th^' 
 week, he muftktiow it by {nfj>iraticip, or by tradition, oif 
 from his Itf^&^t is jaftother pdflibtemcafiof kno^ltig 
 
 HeaWbfimfe'irTthe (criptures the ao^lrinc of iri^h^ 
 
 baptifm; fpr there Isnothihg wKich his fpirk^f^ivina- 
 
 fion docs r,k enable him ^^^^"^ »" the fcriptures, if you- 
 
 elccpt the^fe truths offaith^whlcbaretjotto be ?econ- 
 
 'aied with th^ opinions,^ whifch he lends his difcij^est 
 
 r from theie ^oirds 6f the apoftle, CoK ii, ii-i2>*'''^ 
 
 r^ttlidimlWytoFlire^cr^^ the uituiiii 
 
 made <Pithdut liandi in ^putting ofFthebodjr^ |hc ^fin^ 
 '^^f the flcfh by .the drcumcvfwn of ,Cl>rift buried-f ith 
 > ■ . " -* . . ^ . ■ ■.■• .. hioi 
 
hm in baptlfm/^ he ^uccs tKp doftrme of mhn% 
 Mpti^m : " it is," fays he, p, 262, « ^.(joaelufion tolerai: 
 W nat^l:aI. that jUI, who had;^, right |q (;i,;cumcifion un- 
 ^r ihtOld Tellaincnt, po0b<i *h<?, %i^ daiw m,dcr the 
 ^V^ but be forgot to ii^rm, IIJ9 readers that the 
 ippftl^idid npt write to <?hi|4rcn, nor fpcal^ of chUdr/:n 
 a^ ^y 5p that paffage, and this caftigator^s conclufion ex- 
 jludes one half of the human fpcciesfro9.^.baptifpj:;for the 
 f^ale fex had noda^m to circumciGon under tjic olllJaw 
 ^hynottcUhiii.difciples:,we have faauonefJ.t.lie fcrip,' 
 ti>r(55jQryou;rule;andlqQpr dcdu^ions wifl ^pnota- 
 tvaia yott^ill find tlK? truths of faith and theajasimr 
 of marahty, ^^\f}^ j^ i^^ our^iU that you (hould be. 
 
 , Bflwc, then thA.t W9^c your lawful pafto^^^ and 
 teachers, in due, fu;:ccfUon frpna thtf apqftles; and that; 
 ^^efe i^Ppifli;>»?»ops. have intruded tbemfelves into the 
 mim^ry, wl^ichof righ^ belonged to. i^, : wouldrthis 
 Edinburgh caftigator sondefcend to injfbrin, uvlii wh^ 
 5«# o( Uie^icnpture* tia$ ij^:foUpd ? C^ frc|«v wbt pat' 
 m Qt WPt.ur9 i; is dpdiiQcd t \f it be neither found 
 muit fciijptures, ^or Reduced from them.^^p' M^hat prin, 
 «iip1ei3.itbelieved.by l^s diFciplcs, ' who .^v4 no rul^ 
 «rffaithf€u| the ija-iptiMTji l:ilfhc^,acq 9mbar«;;^ing^; 
 
 V Our caftigator Has gjveif^ (pmaancqulyo^l^^^^ of 
 expyicnce in refitting tfiq fcriptur^ andjt^Vl^ng dc 
 c^aic^ for the Mie,^,tii«,<!ifaplcs : ;|^i^3^ 
 W'^SJ^k ^i^^,9ff^3^,^9tMf%i^ th^^.;^e dprnons. fo 
 often mentioned in the^ofpel- to have liecri cail out by, 
 Chritt and hi»-*ppftJe^ «f<i»^c n,i)t yrj^qlcan, fpirits but 
 (Ifiji^ifdea^imeri to whom, divine Honours ought to bo 
 P^fi ."^^*' %^ }ttQ /cailigator. p. ,39^ "he; Itbi^ 
 wruetj be at alj ^ ;a<;qusii)ited wi|h aauqui^y^^he mui^ 
 know, that demons were not viqvyedby tj^can^ientias a 
 ^Oind order vfi?eirig{s h^^u dfijiici dga4 mm tQwhom 
 
 nion«, whicV^efti^ed the herd of fwine, l^ultp y. were 
 46:#l^««i«^/f,nQt unclean^f^ though St. Luke,who 
 
 '^l^- : ■ '■ V- '...". • kne\v 
 
 *: 
 
•3*3 
 
 ..f 
 
 Ikhcw fom^tlifeg '# inil^uity, Ms thpni demdfis, vdi| 
 i4, parties ^duimdnesj all tife demrUf and in (ke enfuing 
 A'erfe he calls theiti un^/eah fpirits, pnewnata fai akathart^^ 
 as if to corifbtind the u.nclcan fpirit of thi^ ]£dinburgh 
 caftigator. ^I'btti the fcriptur^s thus refittfcd he deduces ' 
 that the faints and martyrs are thefc deified dead irtcn^ 
 j and the pope neither lefs nor more than the anticlirift 
 Lj8rctold by the apoftle, thus he difcovers inthc gof- 
 [ pcl'what efcaped the obfervation of the evangelift, and 
 iiisdcduclion furpaffes the difiiavery. Though he- fees " 
 ibdift!n<aiy in' the fcriptares, what the infpifed winters 
 could hot ie, ahd m|||esdcduaions» which had cfcapcd 
 the notice of the ^Wrld for ages, he cannot fee what 
 common lenfe, free ffoln tUufion, inuft fee, and "what, 
 the moift intelligent writers have feeti; that many bookl 
 of the fcripturcs arc loft without redemption. The 
 bookis of Nathan the prophet, of Samuel the fee|%.of Gad 
 the feer, he denits to have beeti divinely infpi^ed, hecaiiit 
 it is not faid they were ; and his prefumpti^n Is fu(?tf^Jii 
 to deny that, what is cxprcfsly called the pf'0pl>8cy'df'JH\ 
 jahyznd ihc vijion ofAdHo^ were divinely infpired, as if the 
 facred penman would call any writing notdivinelyinfpir#i 
 Aproplmy or a vlfton. St. Auftin's words on thisfubjct^ 
 arc remarkable : they give a correft idea of the canonical 
 authority of the fcripturcs, and clearly demonftrate oil* 
 what principle, the fcripturcs are known to be canonical ) 
 ** Ljet us," fays he, " omit the fables of thefc fcripturcs* 
 which arc called apocryphal, becaufe their occult origin 
 was not dear^^ known to the fathers* ftom whom the 
 authority of the true fcripturcs has defcendcd to us by 
 the moft certain and moft undoubted fucceffion, **urtiffima 
 it iietifma fuccej^mi ;** in thefc apocryphal writings, 
 though Tome truth b^ found, yet there is no canonical 
 authority on account of many falfehood^. We cannot 
 
 deny that Enochs feventh from Adami has written Cbine 
 divine things, lince Jude, in his canonical epiftle, lays it ; 
 but yet they are juftly excluded from the canon of the 
 fcripturcs, which was prefirrved la the Cempleef the He- 
 
 brew 
 

 ^ 
 
 4%irv^ people, by the c^ljgehcc of the prieftsia fuccefficrti 
 From thilir antiqyiiry they w^rc judged. to be of fuf. 
 . peded fidje^ity beciurc they were noj produced by fuchi 
 { wwere known hy- unAntcrni^ted fuccefljpn, to have le- 
 gally preferved them* and it* could not .be 'found that 
 , lie had written them ».»,. Many things, under the name 
 ' 0f other prophets, and more recent things, under the 
 ' name of apoftles, ai^e produced by fe<flaries, all which, 
 I Under the name of apocryphal writings, are by diligent 
 ^ t:rapn!nation removed from canonical authoricy. Aus. 
 . jde Doc. fcpi Hb. 15. cap. 23, n. 4. Auftin was well affur- 
 red that Enoch wrote, but he would not acknowledge a 
 ' writing theii undet hi^ namevbecaufe,it w^s not^attefted 
 , genuine by the pailors of thVchurch in due fucc^ffion,— - 
 , .This is the tj^t ^inciple pn which the fcriptures arc be- 
 • lievcd to be divinely iqfpircd.^ — n ^ 
 
 . ;^As the writings oi the Fath^i had been ialkiorted by 
 Illyricus, in his Catalogue of Wit nefles, our caftigator 
 NP confines himfelf to tranfcribe. He admits that " the 
 ^ primitive Fathers ufed the univerfal confent (A church-* 
 t& %s an evidence againft innovations/* p. 264, he at the 
 fame time intimates that wc \nake it the ground df our 
 belief. His 0^ deceives him, and he either ignoranily 
 or intentionally deceives his readers : our faith isground- 
 cd on revelation, and we ufc^as evidence againtt inno^ 
 Vations, ih^ univerlal confent of churches, by it we Aica* 
 that the doftrines which we bdieVe are revealed as our 
 ancedoFsdid. Almof> in the fame breath he fays : ** St. 
 ^ Cypriafi wlH (hew how the primitive ChriAiaos treated 
 ^oiail tradition.** ** Whence come^ this tradition ?** fays 
 Cyprian, ** does it defccnd from the Lord's authority,or 
 from the commands and cpiftles of the apoftles, for thtft 
 ' things ire to be done which are there written |*'r and 
 Hkowife, " if it be commanded in the Qofpcl, of in the 
 
 
 i Epiftlc5,^f"Ms oFtTic ApOTcsTtKcn^^OTFlpfylrF 
 4 dition be preferved.*' He has not told us of what tra- 
 dition Cyprian fpoke, what Cyprian faid of on^tradition, 
 which he did not believe to be apotiolical, our caftigitor, 
 
3«5 
 
 or hi^ Yepe^i^ry, fitting it for the ufe of his difciplei, ap- 
 plies to oral tradition in general* Cyprian, whofe great 
 averfion to herefy engaged himfelf in error, thought that 
 he had manifeftly dedticed from the fcriptures that thf 
 baptifm of Sectaries is iovalid ; and as truth is not op^ 
 pi){ite to truth, lie concluded that the , tradition oppofea 
 to his erroneous opinion was not apofiolical $ though he 
 refufed to acknowledge this tradition, which condeuihed 
 his.innovation, he did not pretend that there were not 
 many traditions truly apoftolicaL On tradition he of- 
 fered the facrifice of the altar for the repofe of departed 
 (ouls'— fee revi€iv,p, 214. On tradition he mixed water 
 with wine in the Lord's Gup. ibU. /». 203- St. Auftin, 
 rcafoning againft th*e donitifts, fays'. " what Cyprian 
 admonifiies that we requr to the fountain^ that is, io a- 
 poJioUcal tradition^ and thence diredfc the canal to our own 
 times is beft and undoubtedly to be dont,*l Cen. Don. 
 Lib. 5. Cap. a6. p. 37. This venerable and accurate 
 writer demontlrates, that jthe tradition oppofed to 
 Cyprian's opinion was apoQolical, becaufe it was univer- 
 fally obfervedi and not infiituted by any general council; 
 and then, from the principle, on which Cyprian thought 
 the tradition not apollolicali that is, becaufe truth is not 
 oppofite to truth, he concludes that Cyprian's opinion 
 was erroneous. On this tradition, the, irreconcileable 
 enemy, of innovation, the terror of reformifts, aii error 
 founded on reafons ilrong in appearance, and exposed 
 in all their furce, by the eloquence of atCyprian, was 
 condemned, and Jeroni, who is cited by this Edin-, 
 bunrgh calligatot in the (ame page, to fliew, as he ^ 
 pretendsi what the primitive chriftians thought of oral 
 tradition, in his dialogue againft the Lucifenf^ns, after, 
 (hewing that Cyprian's error l^ad been condoned on 
 tradition! refutes their error on the fame principle. This 
 c^lfcmc aWfid©o herely^^ Bad eiigSgcd^ Cyprian " 
 
 in error, was the fourcc of Lucifer's icjbifmt alfo : he 
 Vhought the church dcjfiled by coii^unicating with the 
 prelates who had been deceivedL at Rimini, and. with- 
 
 Z 2 drctr 
 
; : - : ' 386:, \:.:.... ,, • 
 
 drc^ litmW fr'^m the con^jiiuriott of thecjgt^nlic world. 
 ** The blefTed' Gy|^riaa>*^ fays Jferom, I'^iuleavoured 
 to avoid broken eH^tr'rrs^'nWf^d drink of ftrangc water* 
 for that ^ifia he font an Africa a Synod, on the fubject to 
 Sti^phcn , bilhopof the Roman city ,who wa^ (he twenty- 
 l^th frotn &ctei* ; ^but the rfiPrt was viln *: inthe end, 
 the vfery.bTthot>s, who decreed with;hinf thit heretics 
 fhtjukribe re ^^i^tiffcd, returned to xhs^^oMtufiom and form- 
 cda new decree. What are^e doing ? this is u\t tra- 
 dition of our anceftors tous, and this the rradtlionof 
 of theif anceftors to them ;" againll this tradition {Jerohi 
 fays. *' thjtt allj Cyprian's efforts w^re vairi ; the very 
 Im {hops who hjad adopted his opinion in Africa, re- 
 itouiifced it^** hd then flicwsj in oppofuiDh to Lujtifer's 
 neWopinion,tli^tbcc|arie< had heen at all times adnnttcd 
 on their fepentahcc. *» If:** fays he, •* any man Jjhinks 
 itc^nbe denied that heretics have been jhusadt|iitted 
 by ouranceliors. let him read Cyprian's epiftles, atjd hi* 
 (lri<5lure<< ofi Stcplien, bifhop of the Roman cityl and 
 tije error of that inveterate cUftom ; or let him reap the 
 books ort rc-baptifarlonj Which Hilarins has publlftied 
 againft us, and he will fijid Hilarius himfelf to ack|iow- 
 ledge that all fetJfaries have been in a like mannlr re- 
 <!^«^tiv1-epen^hce by Julius Malchus,SyIvefter (Ri P.) 
 and ail t^hef the ancient btfliops.*' | 
 
 _ To th^ pafftge from Cypr'?h, out cafiigaftlr fub|oins 
 a*^«£fage taken from St. Jerom's book agjiinft Helvi|ius, 
 ^hflS be Teen that work? — ^What infatuation! — 'to cfte % 
 #;»rfc exprefsly written agaiuft the do^rirtcs wh^^i he 
 Kimlclf teaches! Helvidius, an ignorant aind fanatical 
 Arian ih [dom's time, ^blilbtid a work in whrcit he 
 pretended t<» prove tbat the Virgin Mary did not <Sior»' 
 rtnue a virgin alter the birth ofChrift^ btit th^ Ihe tiad 
 ether chvUren by Jifeph, thin error adopted by modlcfn 
 reformiits in opoofition to tliFTeuTed docliTn?^(7fT|ic CTa^ 
 itiolic woKd, Jeiom refutes \f\ the very work/from which 
 Wit caftigator gives an (6xtrac^*for the condemnation of 
 popery. Jcroni replies to tlie paflliges of fcripture in which 
 
 Mary 
 
 .^:. 
 
 
«f 
 
 
 Mary is. called Jofeph's wife, Mid his brothfrs and Meet 
 aifi inent1oncd,;and cxplains;Wi^m in the intciMcd fcnljs, 
 (thefcnfein which they, were, ^tvrays underftood before 
 that impious iPanatic had faflitioned theoi to his impiety,) 
 on the aUtl?L>'i-ity of tradition. Jeroai deoionftratcs that 
 the mother of the Hetieemer continued a viigm ^o hf^qf 
 death though it be not ejj^prcfsly written. In the i^nie 
 work he Ihews, from S':. Paul the fape'rvqr excellence <rf 
 perpetual chaC^it) which the UDclean fpirit /of this mo- 
 dern Helvidivis detefts. Fr'^m this work, pnfeffcdly 
 written ill dfu^rport of an article uf doctrine founded oo 
 ai3oih»lical tradiripnt that is, rhe perpetual virginity df 
 Mary, the Author of our Caftigator's repertory girblea 
 an extraft to induce a belief that Jerom difregarded tr^* 
 dition. This is the greateft JR retch of inipofture, the 
 inv)U barefaced and impudent impofture that the writeF 
 reinembersi to have feen. Jcrom thought it a monftrous 
 impiety to fuppufe that the. womb of the virgin, ^thc 
 chofen telltale tjf God, confccrated co the incanceiyable 
 myftery pi the incarnation of his only begotten Soh, 
 faiictified by iherciidcnce of Jefus Chrift for nine long 
 months, ihould be prophaned ; in truth the indecency t>f 
 the luppiiitijpn has loniething horrible in it» and mani- 
 feftly indicaies the enmity of the unclean fpirit. He^- 
 vidius had /aid tKat there was not more impropriety o^ 
 indecency in fuppoling that the virgin had other chiJr 
 drenbefix^es. Jefus Chrift, than in faying that God was. 
 .tiorn of a wom^n. This fentiment he, exp^ffcd in 
 ^Cbarfc language, part o£ which Jerom reluctantly recites 
 and in chafte language fubjpins other humlliacions tg 
 which th^ ^aviour fubmitted, adding; *<^he mpre hu- 
 irtiliating thefe things, which he hasfuffered.foF me, t^tfi 
 ■ more I owe him }" a^d when, fay f lie, tQ HelvidiuSr-ypii 
 have recapitulated all thefe, you will prpducc, nothing 
 more ienomiiiious ths^n the crofs, which we believe, and 
 
 rot^, and in which ^wr tJvecct>iiJCTmr cncmicsi"bw|^ 
 we do not deny thefe (tlic humiliations of Chriil) whrch 
 are written, fo we rejcd rtiefe (the humiliatioof,j(^|Mary) 
 • . . * . V which,. 
 
 ••#• 
 
 
'I 
 
 fe'- 
 
 ifirhich ve not written. We Belidye that God was bor^ 
 of a virgin, becauft we read it, but we do not believe 
 Mary to have married after her child-birth, becaufc we 
 do nbtreadlt^. •,; you % that Mary did not continue 
 a virgin. I yindicatd fomething njorc, that Jofeph him- 
 Iclf, by Mary, was a virgin, that of this virginal marriage, 
 « virginal Son might be bbrn. ^ I v 
 
 .|i Artfully concealing the ftibjea of Jerom's work, in the 
 fece of truth this paffage is cited, which the wr iter gives 
 in the original language now before hi^i : '' Sed ui hoc, 
 qua fcriptdjunt non mgamus, ita ea qum non funtjcripta re- 
 nuimus^ but as we do not deny iheje th'in^i^ which are mil' 
 iffiyfo we reje^ ihofe things, which are riot written.*^^ the 
 paflage is fitted for the intended delu^on by (ranflating 
 the proRoun hac, ihe/e things : thus the things fublUtuting 
 |he Englifli article //^^ to jhe Latin pronoun hotc,,* *« As 
 We deny not //jf things, which are written, fo we rejeft 
 thofe which are not written." Thus ^mpofing a flagrant 
 falfehood on the fimplicity of his readers, tharjerom be- 
 lievcd nothing but what was writfeii in the fcritures, 
 
 /What! Did he not believe the perjietual virginity of 
 Mary, in defence of which he wrote that Celebrated 
 work ? It is not exprefsly written. Did he not believe 
 the perpetual chaiftity of Jofeph ? It is^ not Written. It 
 is extremely irkfome, however neceffaiiy, to be obliged 
 to deted fuch grofs impofture. i 
 
 To tjjji artful illufion, manifeftly intended by the au- 
 thorofThe caftigator's repertory, notby himfelf,<for the 
 writer is perfuaded that he never faw the work which he 
 Cites) fucceed fome pages, replete with malignant invec- 
 fives ag^inft the Catholic clergy, and calumnious mifre- 
 prcfeniations, both of their views and doftrines,— their 
 
 H*iew8, he knows from his familiaripirit,--thcir doclrines 
 he refutes by bold aOertion j they are all contrary to 
 fcripturc, if we believe him. As affcrtion without proof 
 
 '"" only^ 
 
 wriieFpalfes tKcm unnoticed] 
 
 lllfsc doarincs will be difcuffed in due time.if health per- 
 ^«ift€, and ihewD perfeaiy confident with the fcriptures; 
 
 - • . not 
 
 ^' 
 
5*9 
 
 Ipot pcrl^aps with that fenfc which the unclean fpirit o£ 
 lof this Edinburgh ca^ator pretends to affix to the 
 Ifcripturcs. The words of the Lord are chafte, Ps. xii; 7. 
 \uherotb, purified; the unclean fpirit cannpt.conccive them. 
 I There are fome extracts fT(?m Ireneus, Auflin, and Jerom; 
 fafhioned as ufual, to deceive the fimpleand unirtforin^d";;. 
 but ab the fentiments of thefe fathers h^ve been ^plairt» 
 fed more than once already in the courfe of this work, 
 the writer will not confutne time and paper in an ufelefs v 
 repetition. A nnan is furprifed to find an extraft from 
 Ltbe canon law in fupport ^^f new i^iodejled doclrine, and , . 
 yet mor? furprifed, if poffiblc^ to lee with what^artifice it . 
 is fjifhioned to the purpofe ; " 1^/* ^^yi the caft>gator, p, 
 274, ^' the R. (this^writer) turn his attention to the 
 canon lavyr, he will find it a ftrenuoji^ilpporter of Pro^ . 
 iellantprtnciples';**r-fo ftrenuous a fuppoVter of Pfoteft^Ot 
 principles, that Luther, in one of his picms fits, burned the 
 Decretals in Wirtemberg, L ii. f. 1 2^3. He^hen tranfcnbcs 
 from his repertory a citation from the eleventh caufe, qu» 
 3. C. 701 ** If any one command what God hath fttt- 
 biddcn. or forb-d what God has commanded, he is to be 
 accui-fcdnfali that love God ; and if any require any 
 thing befide the will of God, or what God ha)5 evidently 
 required in fcripture, he is to be confidered as a falfe wit. 
 neft of God, and a facrilcgious perfon. ^n Gratier*« . 
 Work the chapter is thus expreffed ; mn eft dhdiendfin^ 
 quod contra Deum predpitur* ' '^^''x"^' 
 
 Si is qui praeji^fecerit^ qut cuiquem, quod a damino frmibitum - 
 efi^faeerejvfferii ; ve/ quod pracepiium (Jf. prate ri'^rit aut pra- 
 terire mandav^rit ^ fanHi Pauli Apolioit Jententia ei ingertnda 
 eft: ^'^ etiamfi not aut Angelus de Ca/o, evartgelrzaverit vobis 
 praterquam quod njobis evangelizavimus Anathema Jit. Si quit 
 prohibet vokfs quod a domino pracepium tft . .'uei rurjus impetat, 
 fieri quod dominus prohibei execrabilis Jii mnthui qui diligent " 
 Deumi h qui prae/tfi prater quod irt/anSis Jcripturis £vi- 
 Uenierjracipitur dicit aliquid^t impcTat tanquamjaffurtejtit 
 Dei aut/acrilegus habeatur, ** 1/ he, uho pre/tdess ^ fiall rfa, 
 orjhall command any perjon to do, what is prohibited by ihrs 
 
 Lord f, 
 
 

 .390 
 
 \i,9^d I or fliaU pafi hy^or Jkall command to pafi by. what is 
 f^)mnd«d; tbijmumof the apoJfle Paul is to be oppo/nd 
 
 ^ jtfkm :- '* ibotighwe. or.wiangisl /roffi bta^m, Jhyuld t>reach 
 
 ^<y9ubafi4ejbarmhiek'^f/ihavepriM^^ you, let him be 
 
 jfn Anetkemei. IJ^any oni' forbids, you what is ^mmandzd' by 
 
 •fk^ h9f?d^r again, cqjnm»:k:io be donewbai.the Lord forbids, 
 
 4ft hmb^ marahiti ^0 ally who love God, If he, wbopn/uies, 
 
 Jfyt^^r ^mmandf . <my thing bifide (contrary) to th^ will of 
 
 fjgli^i jfT b^Ji4« iCcontrojyJ io what is evidently commanded 
 
 r ffit. ike holy Jcripiures, let him beconjidered as a Jal/e wit- 
 mnifs-'^f ■Qodii.w'^^s SAc&JLEGjouS' Tli^ 1^ ai\ extract, 
 
 * 0i^\^)^Qt^mn toakes trom" iiafil the %^aC§ wgnaftic 
 Ipftitutions, to Ihew rh^t the precept of ^ijy fuperior, 
 |ftifiii4|\ifeAilx a^auiil.the k\jr pf Q.id, does nojt oblige rhe 
 .^J^^|^B^ 5 h^xiceJiiegives it the title — nori e/^ abedimdum 
 ^pifidcwtra deumpriBcipitur ; that is not to be obeyed which 
 ^iC^f^ws^Med/BtgmnikQod, Whot Would imagine that 
 .pMii'ft ioi^ruftiMiis Ux^s monks on the nature of the 
 pbcdkijoe, ^hich they promiie their lupeiiors, would 
 lll^ Iprrefte^iv^iieppUuie, .in fupp;)rt of an error fo 
 fS|(!|reisiy coaderoned by that preiate, as we have alrcaiiy 
 48fn,t^at is, that tuereare no: trt^ths of religion believed, 
 4fia rit^ or ceiemoaies iaitiuijted, t»wf what ace evidently 
 4^aigiit in the.(criptures i \ ^^. .4 . r^^ 
 
 ^. Wotci Jhc Gri^j^jk prepoiiiior 7>wra fignifics iiidiff^r- 
 
 pr0ery contra, &ic. in Engliih bejtde^ agaifiji, &c. 
 
 jujijctt matter determines the fenfe,.. ^^\ , 
 
 iJBW this quotation tiom the Cimon ^w yt^ ca^ftigator 
 
 ^ £iy«^ " were i^ requihte, a multit;ude of ^uotafions to 
 
 ;;^c fame pui pole migljUraliiL be pwduce^ from the m^»ft 
 
 .jCclcbraied divmes of ^he 11 ymiiji church/' true.: in the 
 lljird queii wo ot the eleveiixh £au^^ from which he Jias 
 
 ^tcd tiie ioiit ciigpter, i,licr5 are many extracts from 
 ihcmoil cciebrated writers of antiquity, which impofture 
 Blight iiave fitted to its purpuie with equal caf^y and 
 
 .4nH)rmc4 mind. There is however .1 difagrceable con- 
 k^,-^4iici,ccythft couruliuii wii4«iAr<;{ult&£rom the dctqclion 
 
 
 W^^ 
 
 .^i' 
 
3^^' V 
 
 of the frsnX This cfttptcr is clofed as ufu*lti^tk (omm 
 \'ir\3\vi\t iiiwwtves againft catholicH in gen^rjl. And tllflf ^ 
 writer in paVttnilar. \v'lio Is, with new modelled'prtlitflii 
 nefs, ^cmparfd to Jndas, and charitably confignJed ttV 
 perditiaiv. His fcvcnth chaplcir ^pens with a« tirtmc9(iiS» 
 ing preamble/about the inftirudftn of the facr«nhei« oC^ 
 the tucharift, or, as hecailf it, the Lord's, fupper, as iti* 
 intended to difciifs this irticl* With thait accpri<;y whi€l<J 
 the great iftiportancc of the fQbjt:^ exads ; fthd iki th*t 
 extent. Which its magnitude requiret, the Writer Willfckt! 
 prcfent confine himCelfto a few curforylrfeliliarki^- on tki« 
 Edinburgh c^fi^igitor's ccin^pilation : p. 27^, hie -tay»'i 
 ** the Lord's "flipper is difpenfed to the church in tlp| 
 form ofs^ofrMnon rifafi^ which according ta thte app<>ilitfc 
 ment'oF God^ and the Jjraftice of good nien, is fets^** 
 for the fuppori of the body^ by an addrefs to the father ««if 
 tneircie«i ;** in thi« view of the facrament the moft confum* 
 mate ignoriiViic^ is blended with the nnoft fa<i4^ilc'gi<»us iHS ' 
 piety : he gives for ap»)ftolical dodlrinc the abufs againft 
 which thte apoftle denounced the moft dt-eadfAil judg^ 
 ment. .** He, fays the apoftle, whp'eateth aiid dritikdtli 
 unworthily, eafefh and drinhth domnamnio himjelf mi 
 difcernirtg the Lord* s ifddy.*''^^i Cor. ?!» 29. F1f(m%w|iat 
 could the body of the Lord be difcerned or diftlnguiflied 
 if not frorathecoinrifon fOf>d, which fiipprtrts the bodvl 
 Hot to diftinguifli the body of the Lord frotin comoRon 
 food, is what'6onftitutes the crime of the u^Wotthy 
 Cdnimunicant, aj^ainO whom the apolUe denounce 
 j"adgmert \ this caftig-itor blafpueuuiilfly calls 1^*111 
 cammon repafl for thefttpport of the bodf ! there is foitieth^ng 
 horribHj in the Wafphemy. Does he imagine <h^t " ihu 
 Saviotir and his diici pies made two- fuppdrs, ope imow- 
 diitely after the other, for the lu^portof the b<»dy ? If 
 not, the eucharift was not intended for the fupport of t&c 
 Inn 1 1 ll III \\ lii|j^fli il ill I 
 
 Luke X X, 10. 
 
 As this' true difciple of Epicurus ha« ttcw modclW 
 even the Eucharill, and fitted it for the fupport of the 
 
 , body. 
 
v 
 
 J 
 
 
 3$» 
 
 \ 
 
 ^dy, fo be iraft new tnodclled an cffential rite, the form 
 of confecration. Pa[pifts,as he truly %s, think it conhiU 
 II) the words of Chrift, '" M/V i, my body, this is my B/oscr 
 •^ rhis, their opinion/' he fays, ** is repugnant to fcrip. 
 ture and antiq^ity." To this form, by his own apof. 
 tohcal authority, he CublUtutes a prayer and thankfTiv- 
 .' ing, which not being found in fcripture every enthuhaft 
 ' I»ay invent or model to his own fancy. It is true he 
 clcesfromSt. Paul,, what he ignorantly calls an addrefs 
 ;to the father of mercies. " Every creature of God is 
 good, and nothing to be refufed- if it be received with 
 thanklgiving, for it is fanaified by the word of dod and 
 prayer"— iir rim. iv, 4. Ihis, however, is not tiie 
 prayer by which the elements are confecratcd : for the 
 cucharift was inlhruted, and in conftant uf^, many 
 years before St. Pa\il wrote liis epiltle to Timothy; 
 fotaie years before St. Paul was himfelf a chriftian; 
 and what ftiews the ignorance of this Edinburgh , afs' 
 in the moft contemptible j>oint of view, thefe words 
 of the apoftlc contain neither an addrefe to the fa- 
 ther of mercies, nor a thankfgiving. St. Paul inftructs 
 the faiOifuI, and wa^rns them againit the artifices and er- 
 t^ors of falfe teachers : " the apome." fays Jerom, *' wri- 
 ting agairift that Epicut-^an reformia apoftatfc Monk Jovi- 
 man, defignat«s Tatian Manion and other heretics, who 
 proclaim perpetual abttinence. to deft roy and contemn 
 thie works of^the Creator, which are to them abomina- 
 bie; but we praile every creaturqf^ of God, afid yet we' 
 prefer lean nefs to fatnei's, abllinenc^.t'o luxury,' and.6)ft. 
 tog: to fulnefs." How unlike our calligaterJ who, adding 
 foMy to jgnoFanGe, cites, in fupport of his epicurean Im- 
 piety, a paffige from Jcrom's lettef to Evagrius^ which 
 the author of hiyepertory has artfully %afliioiied to 
 thepurpofe: ^^ upon ihe prayer of the prefbyters the ' 
 body nnd blood of Chriftjs^adc.*;^ jn thg t \^tu^v^ 
 "WnichlhTs caffigator cites frofivlik repertory,* Jerom 
 profelfedly demonrtrates tluw the prieft is fuperior to 
 ^c deacon. The firll arguuient which he offers in fup- 
 
 4^" ♦•ff^* 
 
 port 
 
1]: ''r-' :' 'j 
 / 
 
 * r I 
 
 • ■ , ■ : ■■ ■ -^^ . ^ ; • -' ^ \"- 
 
 pott o£ Jus do^rinc is th^powerio£xo^Csi^atiiig^cel^ 
 nieuts of the euchariftj ve%4 in thf ppicft fjroia,iwludi tlie, 
 deacoi? is exduded.— " '\Sfha^h it,," iay« he^* *' that tiv^ 
 rninifler pfctablcsand'^idoivs (the deacop) fwill^iwitli 
 pride, fhoul^^^lt himfc^f above thofc Xthc Prieft8).at 
 whoife prayera the, bo^^ and| blodd of Chrift are ttiatk 
 prefanti^ aJq^irumfnces ChrMcorput etfanguis ftrificiiuri 
 '' Confr:Uur*\\& an cxprcffion iri perpetual ufe^ij[h Litjti ' 
 wfriters, to figmfythat, by thewor^iof conftcrationj the 
 dements of bread and wine arc changed into khc-^body 
 and blood of Jcfus Chrift. ^ By concealing the fubjea of 
 the letter, and changing a few \vords, an.cxtraft', in which 
 the catholic dodrincofthecoilverfion of the fubftancc 
 of the-'Byead and wine into the fubftahce of.tlxe 
 I body and bloqd of Jefus Chrift is expreffe4 with- the 
 ' utmoft priecifion, is wrefted in fupport of the oppo- 
 fite error. This paffagcj inks obvious fenfc, is deft ru^* 
 ive of the whole plan of Calvin's pretended, teformati- 
 o»4 fojf if the principle of proof, alTiJmed by Jerottlj 
 be ^Qu nded in truth, that is, that the poWer of confe- 
 crating the elements of bread and wine^or the cucharift^ 
 be cxcluGvely vefted, in theprieft, not in thcx deacon ^ 
 much le{si|ithrmeer,laymen,--i?(^here there is no prieft 
 of primitive initftutioij, there is no confectatioa of . 
 elements^ no eucharift, 410 church of Chrift.s for by 
 the ufe of ♦this adorable jnyftery, the cjcath of the Lord 
 is. annouf*ed until l^f^ comes— lil Cor. xi^ 26*. «> ^fm -. 
 Jerora does not found hifa^^urhenl^ on thig form of 
 prayer uied by the prieft in the confecjcation Of the ck- 
 ments, nor dpcs he fay io jsphat :thc fprna ^confifts : tfce 
 argument would have been null -iJ^X. ithty fame form 
 might have ^bccn t^fed by the deacon, or by, any did 
 Woman, he founds his argument on the poweit of con* 
 fccratiiig t% elements vefted in thcprieil by his ordii^l* 
 .tjpni, not in jltftjdgajcan»j t pdihus at nncc e:Kclade&irowir^ 
 the minjUlry,jkil|elf-cQnftituted teachers and paftors,|^ 
 ducingto the common level themfclvcs and tbfsuf}^>«0fit. 
 vcnticles. ** Where there is no prieft," faid hc^in hit 
 
 Aaa /,_ Jpaloguc 
 
 
 si 
 
<« .wwr 
 
 T' 
 
 3- 
 
 394 
 
 ■M 
 
 V 
 
 
 Atotitj^i againft the Luciferianj, '< there is no church j^* 
 
 ind, in tUg tetter to Evagrius, he totifties iirdirtation 
 
 > to the bi#iop : •• The deacon Hilariljs," fiid he in the 
 
 ^ialog^c, "having neither biflfol^jr ^ piiiffis, cannot 
 
 .-' 'tmke thee^ocharift. « Eucharijiiam conjtc^t non foteji:^ 
 
 ^- He mii# have learned from his ob, that tci think the 
 
 IMfements arc confcfcratina by Ghrift's words, •' thb is n 
 
 'hefy,^* i« repugnant to fcripturd and antiqwitjr, 
 
 ■he beRevc that Chrift himfcrf did confecrate 
 
 taenta ■? We do not find In the Tcrlptures ^nrnxmct 
 
 form of confeoration : thefe fiords i t^^^.and%, 
 
 were iddveffcd* to the afpoftles, not t^rf^^lonfecrate 
 
 the demefets; and thefe alfo : « dothis in remembrana 
 
 ^ me** did not confecrate the elements; but they con- 
 
 fccrated the affiles ^riefts, andvelhfd in them a t)oWer 
 
 of doing what Ghrift had done, that !•, of confccrating 
 
 ^he elements in the fame manner, and confcquently 1;^ 
 
 the feme wotds by which the Savibui- hi mfelf did cop. 
 
 fecrate. aijfjln this fenfc all antiquity undeitlood ti^em \ 
 
 TertuHiatt;' in his book againft Marcien, Hyiiihai 'thrift 
 
 • nade the bread 6it body, fayirt^ : « this is my bttdy;*^^^ 
 
 Review, p. 207. 
 
 qyprian,in his fcrmondn^e Lord'* %f>fcri fayi, that 
 •' Chrift (ionfecrated the elements by thefe words, //^i/ 
 is my bodf^ this ii my hlood, and that his mininfters confe* 
 crate them by the f«mcW9rds': "this, faid he, (Jefus 
 Chrift) h my bedy,'* they, 0^^lts) eati ^d ^ij^nk 
 of the fam<itk)d ^^^^^''^^^^^ml^^^^c mlf ^, but ^. 
 fore thefe words^ that cocfflfflP^SSNi^as only ufeful to 
 nourift the bod^, and adminiftered a fupport to corporal 
 1^ J however fince the time that it was faid by the Lord : 
 %y«fe Mi in remembrance of fne : this is my fiejh, this h iny 
 :m$k0^iiis often as it is done ^ith thefe words and with 
 
 '^'*^'l|*^^' ^^** ^^^^*"^** ^^^^^ *"^ cup, Gonfecrated 
 by a folemn benediaion, contributes to t^c life und fal- 
 vati^n of the t<^o^l»a», ^ ingat^h€ feme tmw a reme - 
 
 dy and a facrifice /^(>/(>««;?«;wJ t© heal infirnutiw and 
 purge iniquities/- .1 
 
 '* H«' 
 
 . ., ,>p%* 
 
 Thefe 
 
 WQvks I 
 this Cub 
 cnts, G.i 
 Bafil the 
 *' it mu 
 which is 
 Faithful j 
 and TCI 
 
 di%ujl^ 
 corpora) 
 gnqicnt, 
 bpdy of 
 (the^ fecc 
 in^o the 
 thg b.r^ 
 {nit ted ii 
 biread, ^ 
 God, at)< 
 " median 
 but th^t 
 word (C 
 li^fel 
 the grc; 
 fays : '■' 
 tures Ct 
 and bJo( 
 and <at ; 
 tion,. ti 
 fame <^, 
 Emiffa,' 
 flour i(hp 
 opinion, 
 
 both, fr( 
 his fecon 
 the euch 
 
3 church }^* 
 iirdirtation 
 id he in the 
 fts, cannot 
 ton pQteJii^ 
 thhik the 
 '* fhb is «y 
 ity". 
 
 I, '^ff 'JafL ■ 
 
 ll^w^ eat" 
 ^pnfccrafe 
 'emembrancg 
 
 they con- 
 im a |)oWer 
 )n(ecrating 
 uently* l^jr 
 f did cop. 
 3od tiiem i 
 
 ihai^hrift 
 r$dy" — fee 
 
 I fayi, that 
 vords, this 
 kers confe*. 
 he, (Jefus 
 a«d;^i^nk 
 i% but bte- 
 r ufeful to 
 p corptoral 
 the Lord : 
 >, /^// « W)f 
 i and with 
 anfecrated 
 it ^nid fal- 
 
 y 
 
 
 tea rcnie- 
 rmtits and 
 
 -' Thcfe 
 
 / 
 
 Thefe are of tfce ni(^ ancient Latiawrit<^ w]io0| 
 ViTQrks h;ive efciped^the ciieiirudiye hand, o£ time* Op|l 
 this Cubjj^A th^'is 2 ^rfe£l coincidence, of t)ie tncU 
 pnts, Greeks s^xd U^tins, :. Gjegory of Nyfla, brother -t^ 
 Bafil the Great, in his catechetical oration, ,ch» 37, iays; 
 ^' ic mud t^e eoni^deced how it can be that ond h^^^ 
 which is^ways diftrib^ted to.iQnyiny thouiaii,ds of tha 
 Faithful in the whole world» \» entire, in each iieparately^, 
 and recoaina entire in itfelf." To thia, the greateft' 
 di%ujt^ whiclji is, or can be, prppofed> agrainil th^ 
 corporal preience of Jefus Chriltin the ei^charift, thif 
 gncient, venerable and learned -prelat^p replies :." th^ 
 bpdy oi C^rift b^ the inhabitation of the w0r</^Gm/tl 
 (the^fecond perfon of the< Trinity). has.lx;en t'ranrmitte4 
 i^ito the divine dienity. Ju(Uy» therefore) I bow beUey^ i 
 thg br^ad fanftified by the word of Gocli'. tq be trani* 
 initted io^thie bpdy of the wor^^ (J?% Chrai) for thii 
 biread., ^s. ^he^ apoftXe iays, is fan^fied. by the word d| 
 God, at)d prayer, not that thorough, the.me^tum of ^ddi^ ' 
 *' mediimtodbo"\t becomes the bpdy of thc<«w<^(Chri|t]f 
 but th^t itisimmediately tranfinitted into the body of tlyi^ 
 wtfr<i (Chicifl)M.U i&was faid by xhtnitisrd : tkhif fny bsdy"^, 
 
 ^febtus of £i|ui&< a difciple of Euftpbiu? of Caefarea§ 
 the great hiitprian> iji his fifth fermpn on the Eai^^ 
 fays : '* the inyifible prieft changM thp vifit^ cn»^ 
 tures (' t/!fe. if read and y^ine J }n%o the Cubftance of hb bodjf 
 and bjopp\^his^<word» his fccr^t power, faying: tafc^ 
 and<at :Of)&(i>i^ my^dy^ ^n^ with a, repeated fanftifica« 
 tion^ t^ke and eat : ibif Umy blood** U isthought by 
 fpine critics, t^at the homilies, afcri|»ed to ^uiebius, of 
 ^oiiffa, Wc^e. wdttjcn by St. Hjlalry, o^. Aries, who-- 
 flouriihpd;in th<;^ginn|ngof thp fourth century. ^This 
 t)p'tn|pn, if true,, only adds weight to the teftimony, u , 
 \^ though not To anciei^jj^s EuTebius, furpflea. 
 
 4>y».m^4giene»~^»ad-ian4Ut) 
 bot h , frpn? his eloquence called the Chrlftian Plato^ inr 
 his fecond homiiy on the ^d. Tim: demonftrates. that^- 
 the eucharift, though, confecratcd by a wicked prieft, is: 
 
 • , not. 
 
*, V 
 
 ' "0 r> 
 
 e. , ■ 1- 
 
 396 
 
 r|iotj5%hoIyinitfelf, nor kfe^fentflifying totheaith|(l 
 
 wK«^rec<*ve itwort^^^ than if irhtid btfen conf^ 
 
 ted by ffetfcr • of Chrift Wmfelf. "As,?» rays he, '* the 
 
 words, which Chrift fpoke, are tfiV tkiie> which the 
 
 jsrieftsitow pronout)ce,'fo fhb ohhtlbxi .is the fame : this 
 
 ^^^cqualTytrue of baptifriH**^ '" 
 
 ;./'^fti"this fecond homily to the pcopK: of Antioch he in- 
 
 ftitutes a cnmparifon betwe<:n Eliw and Chrift : " Elias/ 
 
 fays he, "left his fheep-fkin (mantle) to his difciple' ; 
 
 ■t'he Soti of God afcending left us his flefh, but EHas 
 
 afcendcd.ftripped of.his mantle, the Soti of God left us 
 
 M 'flejhan^ ajcmded with ifJ Let us not be depreffed in 
 
 i^iftd nor lament, let us not feaI^.the difficulty of the 
 
 , times: for what will he refuf^ tb'dofdr our falvation, 
 
 ««^ho did^ not rcfufc ^ofpill *his blood for all, and again 
 
 ^Omt^unicated to us his flefh and that fame blood ?" h 
 
 tbefe any modern pa pift who fpeaks of the corporal 
 
 fn-etence of Chrift in the eucliarili; lii terms more fimple or 
 
 rtiore clkrly cxprelTiyfi than thefe ancientwritcrs ? With- 
 
 ^C3^t fliadow of variatfon, they all agree tha;t the Saviour 
 
 <»nfecratcd the elements by thefe. words -. tk)s mybody ;} 
 
 Mh my blood, iind that he continues to (*ot far .fc then/ 
 
 bf the lame words pronounced by his rnitiiitel^i : '*for 
 
 it is not man^ who makes the things pVopoT«d from 
 
 tRVconfecration of the* altar the body .and blood of 
 
 Chrift,' but he, V'ho was ctuciftedlFor A, file thrift ; 
 
 ^p words are pronounced by the prieft, but the propofed 
 
 ^bg$ ar« confecrated b)r the power of God ai^ his 
 
 gl^ce : .* this; he fays, * // tny body,* By ihia word 
 
 ihe propofed things^ are coiifecrated ..... that word 
 
 ■Wafffatd, indeed, but once, but yet on all the altars of 
 
 t|l« church until the prefcnt day, and even until the 
 
 ^mingof Ch|-ift, it gives firmnefs to the ftcrlfice . . . . . 
 
 |rou haften to the hoJy and terrible facrrficc J renew the 
 
 *<ancealed myfteric;rof the. oblation ; Chrift flain is pro ^ 
 
 po(td."^HmiJyon the ircaSery of Judat.'rhk is the 
 
 language of thcfe Celebrated writers of Antiquity, whom 
 
 tfie woHi >rcvcrcd, and continues to revere. His ob, 
 
 • therefore, 
 
therelbre, has nioft g^ofUy.d^ccived the c^ftigator;, whci^ 
 he taught iiim to*.belicye th^t th^ gpinion of p^pifts i4. 
 repugnant to antiquity, and, deceived ^by ob, X^^^ 
 ting pallor moft cruelly deceives his^ difciplcs. ^ » 
 
 Some pages are filled with a tirefome repetition of tfyi 
 fame difliculty againft the corporal prefcnce of Chrift ih, 
 the eucharift, which the difciRlesr who def^fted th(^ 
 Saviour, ftatqdagaiivft it \irhen ^rft propofcd to ^uir 
 belief. John vi, 52, hsw mnthls man giye ushspjh 4$, 
 eatf They did not bdicve the Saviour omnipptent^ 
 Hoes this Edipburghcaftigatpr? The writer d^bt^ it V 
 for his omnipotence one? ad miited, all thefe difficulties^ 
 founded on pretended contradictions and in^poffibihties^ 
 yahifti': it is admitted, tha^ almighty power can freatf^. 
 a body in any given pjace. -If fo, that fame power ci^ 
 i^.prodyce that (amc body ih any given ^lace,: ^^ **^ 
 ijot mora difficult to reproduce a body » alreidy c^ii|^ 
 jng, in any given place, ,tb»n it is to give that (ame ljo^|j 
 aii'i:f;iften%^ that places wshen it had no exifteQce ;|t 51% 
 To compare difficulties the latter is certainly the, grc»h 
 er : for our imagination may, in fomc manner* rcachi 
 the former 5 but the litter, that is, to give an cxiften<^ 
 to a body which does not exift at all, is beyond its ntfj, 
 moft ftretch. Thus plain reafoning refujjips in an w^m% 
 all thefc pretended impoffibilities which als^rjn fimplicity.% - 
 for if it be poffibie, as it riianifeftJiy W, to rp.prodijcc^ 
 the fame body exifting in any place in any oth^r g»1#^ 
 place, all thefc pretended impoffibiikies, propofed by m^ 
 pofturc or ignorance, difappcar. Our caftigator's ,/!^ for- 
 got to inform him that all thdfe diij^cuUics, with which, ■ 
 he has fwellfd his volume, and others which were not 
 found in his rejxjrtory, had been accurately difcuflfcd i% 
 the work which he pretends to refut,e,'but^d not ra<^ . 
 '—fee Review, from p. 178 tojp» 414. a^ t -^ 
 
 He mateg an aijkwardaj|<mpt jb invalidate thctefti^i 
 jnony of the Council ^£ Nice, adduced by this :««r^er 
 'inhisR,cmail?s: " when," fays tjhc cs|ftigitpr,.p. 19.1, 
 " thefc fathers faid : ^hc La^b of God, whichaakcth 
 •^ - * * away 
 
 ' ^1 
 
 
.'•■ 
 
 * ,.<' 
 
 • ■ 
 
 ft^ he finis of the world; is placed upon tJie (acred; 
 tablc,"^h«jy tbrgot to add, " corporeally." If they had 
 been as Jgnorant as this caftigator, they mJght have 
 a^dcdromethingeq^uallyabfurd; but the fathers knew 
 thn Chnft is the UmUof God, as Man, in his adorable 
 n«Wnityr ^^at bc^oul4 ijLOt have been oa the facrcd 
 , • t^ye %^^"' withou; his bpdy and foul.. ' ' 
 
 ^ ^Ic oext attempts to' elude the , tcftimory o£t &, 
 ^tidrew, by; a conje^urc of t)apin, ^ho could not hjm- 
 W. cv^^e it, though i/i o^pofition to St. Bernard, Bar- 
 Bius, Bellarmi«<j, l.anfraoe »nd other wriiers, as far fu- 
 |»cr^or to Dupin, as Oupin was to this tdinburgh fcrib- 
 Wer, that lurking hypocrite offered evcrt.^nleaurc 
 which artifice could fug^cl^ to indiice a (df^li 6f in- 
 t^rr^olation in the afts of ^u Andrew, writtqu by the 
 p/^efts of Achaia wh/jrc lie fuff^red, and from his con. 
 j|e6hifes pretends to conclude tliat it was to. be cfteemea.' 
 ^:dubiout writing, which cannot be applied*, as St. Jerom 
 decides to prove any doaridc of faith : however, as! 
 Dupi^ retraced his errors, it is not neceffary to refute 
 Wm J by his retractation he has refuted himfcir, arid if he 
 had not, thfswrit^tr would find no difficulty in {hewing; 
 that conjeaures dp nut invalidate fafts ^^^ that, if artful 
 c:<)hjeaare3 were fu%ient to invalidate the authenticity 
 of works, there Would nat be an authentic work in bc^ 
 itlgibccaufe there is not a book, even of the fcriptiircs^ 
 agtinil ^hich conjectures, apparently more folifl ilian 
 xWk 6f Ouptn, miy not, and \aye not been propofed.' 
 ^t on other fubje^s he has been qnlucky in hi&citati. 
 ^nii from the Fathers, he has been daub|y foon this ; 
 ft will be granted,^ he fays. p. 255^ " that thefe 
 writers have frequently called bread and wijie the body 
 ant! blood of Thrift ; and in do^ng fc^ they are autljprifed 
 bjrthe exprefljons of^ftripture/* His <>5 deceives h^m,' 
 the yathfirs did not cx U brea d a nd w i n e ih^ body and' 
 Wftoa ofChri^, ncH" do the fcriptures^uthorlfe fuch ex. 
 prTflfioni : for the fci ;^,)tnrc8 do not authorifc nonfcnfe. 
 Uyt ihsy frp^^jTftly eifled the b:>dy and blood of Chrift, 
 
 •read 
 
Wcad and wine, authoiifcdby the fcripturcn, M4ht 
 common fcnfc, bccatife in the cucharift the body an^ 
 tlood of Chrift are bread and wine in appearance an4 
 cffea ; but bread and wine arc not the body and bloof 
 of Chrift either in appearance or cffcft, or in any poffi- 
 ble fenfe which could authorife fuch a nonrenfic;U e:^ 
 preffion as this raftigator lends frbito his own llock t^ 
 the fcriptares and the Fathers,— fee this error rcftited, Re- 
 view, p. 204. «« But/' continues tie caftigator,'* itis 
 evidfent from their writings, that they never fuppofcd 
 any change in thcfe elements.'* The coiurary 6( thi» 
 affertion is trufe, and if this ignorant fcribbk; docs ncj^ 
 know it, it is becaufe he knows nothing of the writing! 
 of thcfe venerable ancients, but the Tew garbled extra^ 
 ^icTi he tranfcribcs from his repertory. The writ« 
 has already Ihcwn^ that both Greeks and Latins fay that 
 the bread and wine arc converted into the body an^ 
 blood of Jcfus Chrift by his words: " this Is my btu^^ 
 ihish my blood," 2, cpnverfipn which they afcribc to the 
 almighty power of God. The writer adds to the pafla-'* 
 ges already adduced thcfe Wor^s oiT St, Ambrofc, a^ 
 ancient writer of unqueftionable authority, in his fixtft 
 book on the facramenu. Cap. i, N. 1, he fays: "a* ' 
 our Lbtd Jrfus Chrift is the true Son of God, not af . 
 men arc by grace, but as Son of the fubftance of tho 
 Fath<ir, fo the ftefli which wc receive, as he himfclf « 
 laid, is true flcih." thus he demotoftrates that asjcAi* 
 XJhnfl, though in appearance man, was in reality the 
 true Son of God, fo the adorable cucharift, though 
 in appearance btead, is true fteih. *« But," conti. 
 nuM Ambrofe, «* perhaps you may fay what thedit 
 tiplcs of Chrift then faid, hearing him* fay: "if 4 
 man ik) not eat my flclh, and drink my blood. h# 
 will not iremain in me^ nor have eternal life," perbapt 
 you may fay ; *« hnw fru^^ ' ' - r- r 
 
 . - ' true ? I who fee the fimiiitude^ 
 
 do not fee the truth of the blood." Jo this fuppofed 
 <f>bieaion Ambrofe replies ; " firft of aU things I haw* 
 told you of the word of Chrift which operates, that i< 
 
&'<" ' 
 
 i.r 
 
 • i 
 
 ^■ 
 
 %ii c^n^e f nd conveA^ 4m ihftitu^ed kinda of natiir^ 
 
 ^^■'Gen^k jhfliluia naturie^* Ambr-bfe thought the all 
 lhi|Rfy '^nlWfer of JefusChrift Sufficient to effect the con, 
 Ve;-fiori Cjf one fij^bftance into another, without making 
 Sny change in the appearance to fenfe : the man who 
 Soes not think it, is unaccountably ignoraht, ornion- 
 ferbiifly impious. 
 
 * Our icaftigator lias ilfo in his great zeal to fexcludc 
 liie real prefeace of Chrift from the eucharift, as well as 
 ibis paternal protection froiri the church, has g?^eh us a 
 
 ' fpecimetv of his philofophical refearches ; " Gan, * fays 
 he,-* th<texifteiicc of colours be conceived y|i»cpnn?ded 
 Irith tnalter ? Or a tafteand fmell without a^ii^bject to 
 tiftc ottriicH.'" He too with the refgi^med Mr. ^orris, 
 iihd. many a good old wife, thinks that fcolours, tafte and 
 foiell, exift in external objedts compofcd of matter j other 
 jphilofophers, who judge by the rules' Of common fcnfc, 
 
 ^tKinkthem feufations of the foul, of which fcxtci^nal ob- 
 jects' arc the occalionftl caufeS, not the efficient j which 
 may, and often have becri, excited by God the efficient 
 icauffe, without the interference of any material objeiSt or 
 occafional caufe : with^ what matter was the colour of 
 
 - the dove, under the Appearance of whic;h, the Holy 
 Ghoft wasfe^n to de%rid on th<: Saviour connected ? 
 Was the Holy Ghofl a'ltimp of matter? The writer is 
 tired of refuting fuch aotilenfe, there'are as many errors 
 irtfuhing reafon as well as religion in almoft every page 
 of this Edinburgli fctibbler's compilation as wbuld take 
 1 volume to refute ; he tells us, p. 295, that the l?'athers 
 thought the eucharift meerly a fymbolical mode olf ex- 
 hibiting truth to the mind, and baptifm an drdinancc of 
 the fame kind. He then cites paffages from tl^c i|itb^rs, 
 In which the corporal prefencc of Chrift is as clearly 
 expreffcd as words can eXprcfs it. * For ihftance ; Fulgcn- 
 
 "^tius liiyTT'*^ That ever Y believer is then made a pattaktf 
 
 ot Chrift's body and blood when he is Inade in bap- 
 
 0tn a member ofChrlfl's body."— d<! Bap. jEchiop.— 
 
 iiid Whit Fblgciuius faid of the eucharift, whick was 
 
 N- received 
 
tl 
 
 ^ t^ 
 
 received by the new Chriflians iitimediately after bai> 
 tifm, this caftigator cithet through ignorance or impot 
 tyre apphes to baptifm Jtielf. Ifhe had read Jerom', 
 dialogue againft the Luciferians, from which, if the 
 wmcr recolleas rightly, he had cited fome garbled ex. 
 traft, he would have known that the faefament of thtf 
 eucharift accompanied that of baptifm : for Jerom fays - 
 ^hat Hilary being but a deacon, having neither bKhops 
 nor priefts :ould not .confecrate the eucharift, nor mv* 
 baptifir ^ , out the eucharift : nee Baptifma traderhn, 
 Eucharrjita, He cites from Ghryfbftom, Theod^et 
 Gelafius, whom the author of his repertory, Illyricus<if 
 lying mrraory, calls pope, and he repeats it, for the 
 man hooeftly tranfcribes paffages in which the<:orporai 
 prel^hce is prefifely expreffed, but the nature of thi 
 bread^is faid to remain. All thefc the writer had already 
 difculTed, and flievi^ that by the nature of the bread 
 they underftood; what logicians now call the metaphyfi. 
 caleffencc, ihefe attributes bj^' which they diftinguifli 
 i^^idents from fubftance, apdin thefe fymbols there ii 
 nochange,— See Review, p. 219. '' • 
 
 The paffage cited* from Chryf ftom, wks quoted by 
 Peter Martyr in his book agaipft Gardiner ; it is not 
 found m Chryfoftom's work^; though the writer, who: 
 ever he be, is perfecll/ orthodox, there is a qui 
 tation from St. f reneus garbled, and falfiHed. It is thus 
 ftated by our caftigator : « that which is bread from the 
 earth, perceiving the call of God, is not no^y commdn 
 bread, but the eucharift, cSnlifting of two things the 
 one earthly and the other fpiritual."-Lib. 4, cap. ,4. 
 In that chapter this Venerable and moft ancient writer 
 whohad learned the dodrines of chriftianity from Poly, 
 -carp the evangelift, St. John's difciple, proves againft 
 le(5ianes, the relurreaion of the fleOi, on this principle, 
 that tne flcfh and Moo d of Chrift in the eucharift, being 
 immortal and incorruptible, communicates immortality • 
 and mcorruption to our bodies, " how again^" fays he - 
 "do ihcy fay, that the flefli which is nouriflicd with 
 
 Bbb ^ 
 
 ■ ?. 
 
 » 1 
 
 * •" i 
 
 
402 
 
 s 
 
 r f 
 
 '( 
 
 the body and blood of the Lord, will come into corrup- 
 •tion and not receive.life ? . . . . For as, the bread which 
 is from the earth recejyihg the vocation of God is not 
 now common bread, bya the eucharift, confiftingof iwo 
 things, the one earthly the other coeleftial, fo our bo- 
 . oies receiving the eucharift are not now corruptible, 
 
 having the hope of the refurredion." . 
 
 - 4 Ireneus affumes, -as a principle of detnonftration, that 
 
 ^ is, as an unq^ueft ion able , truth, that our bodies are 
 
 ^ nouriflied witlv the body and blood of Chrift. From 
 
 this principle he concludes that our todies have in them 
 
 a fburce of immortality and incorruption, and on it he 
 
 * founds a certain hope of our refurreftion- To illuftratc 
 
 this trutl^ he inftitutes a comparifon, as the bread, 
 
 ^nich is a production of the earth, and confqtiuently in 
 
 Itfelf and of its pwn nature, corruptible, by the in- 
 
 yocation and power of God, is converted into the eu. 
 
 charift, in which there is one thing celeftial, that is, 
 
 the body and ' blood of Chrifti which is incorruptible 
 
 ind immortal, and one thing terreftial, that is, the 
 
 JpecieSf which as to • appearance is, corruptiblei fo our 
 
 bodies by receiving the eucharift have in them a fource 
 
 and pi^Jiiciple of immortality and incorruption, though 
 
 they appear mortal and incorruptible: So well affured 
 
 were thcfe primitive ChriftKij[is of the apoftt)liGal times, 
 
 that the body and blood of. Chrift were really in the eu- 
 
 charift', and received by the faithful in that adorable fa- 
 
 ci-amtfnt, that from this myftery fo far remote from hu-. 
 
 man fenfe, and tra^fcending human relifon, Ireneus dc- 
 
 monftrares another myftery not lefs oppofite to fenfe atid 
 
 experience, nor lefs tr'anfcendir.r; human'^reafon, that is, 
 
 •the refurreclion of our bodies on thelaft day.' He rcfumes 
 
 the fame argument injbis fiftli book,— cap. 2, in which, 
 
 after flicwing that our flefti muft of all neceflity rife im- 
 
 mortal^ becau fe it is nourifhcd by the body and blood of 
 
 ' . jcius Chrift, things immortal andjncorruptiblc, he fays : 
 
 a3 V as the vino, plantedin theearrh, produces it^ fruit in its 
 
 time J and the grain oCwhcat falling on the earth, and 
 
 ■ ' \W diffolved 
 
wt^* 
 
 
 -^ 
 
 
 diffolvcd, rife manifold by theLfpiMt of God, which con- 
 ns all things ; which after by wifdom come into ufc 
 for men, and receiving the word of God become the 
 lucharift, that; , is,, the body and blood" 6f Chrirt, fo our 
 odies nouriflied by it, and repofed in the earth and 
 diifolved, will rife in their time, the wor^ of God giv-^ 
 Ing them a refurreftion to the glory of the Father.** 
 
 He compares the human body to the grain of wheat ; 
 they are both diifolved in the earth, and in appearance^ 
 reduced to their component elemeats ; but there is in 
 the grain of wheat a vegetative principle from riature, in 
 virtue of which it rifes again in arnoreflpurifhinff condi- 
 tion, and In the human body a principle oi^lfe and im- 
 mortality communicated by the immortal body of Jefua 
 Chrift in the euchadft, In virtue of which- the human 
 body will rife immortal and incorruptible- To garble an 
 extract from a work, in oppoiition to a doctrine there 
 ' taught, with more force, precifion and perfpicuity than 
 in any of our modern controverfial works, muft be the 
 effect of the moft blind infatuation, or the moft u«blui 
 ing impofture. . ^ * ' 
 
 As there is, an extenfive work pTcjterihg for the Prcfs 
 in which thi$, and other dodrines arcS'indicated from 
 mifrepref^ntation, and alLihe exceptions which this 
 Edinburgh caftigator has traMfcribed from his repertory 
 are minutely difcuffed, the writer difmi^es the fubje<3: 
 for the prefefi^* 
 
 Lauf Chr'ifla ijusque Malri 
 
 Mariit Jtmper Vh'gini. 
 
 E, B. V. G. (X 
 
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 39. 
 44. 
 47. 
 4 7. 
 78. 
 
 298, 
 533. 
 335. 
 337. 
 347. 
 395» 
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