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Pb!*-:;e,

32X

THE EXAMIXEI

Cffrontfl i):anuner.

Torouto, Wednesday, November 1, 1854.

What are the Rights of the Churches

WITH RESPECT TO THE CLERUY RESERVES ?

The final battle for religious equality is, we
presume, about to be fought on tlie floor of
ParliiinieHt, and the enemy is marshalling his
forces on every hand, whatever may be tlie
course taken by thf friends of religious libert.v.

Bishop Strachan, as we intimated last week,
has addressed a long and able letter to the Hon.
Mr. Morin. on the claims of the Church of
England to the larger proportion of the remain-
ing proceed-, of the Reserves, besides what it
has already '•eeeived from 1810 to the present
day; and he has also delivered before liis Clergy
in Convocation, an Address in reply to tlie
query— •' »1t<it couriif »s it expedient to take in
tki- present crisis of the Church proprrty'" cm-
bodying r-imilar opinions nnd langiiiige. The
latter document we give at length in another
column, as illustrative of the boldness and ef
frontery with which claims are urged, and righ's
a:iserted which have no foundation either in law
or in equity ; and which, we believe, we shall
demonstrate to the satisfaction of every intelli-
gtiit and impartial person.

The Bishop remarks, in his Address, that
'•The history of the Clergy Uuserves is not
without great moral value.* We coincide with

viz., for "a Protestant Clergy :"— not a reserva-
tion for the clergy of the Church of England,
or the Church of Sc.'tland, but for the support
of Protestant Ministers generally.

That this is the meaning of the Act is evident
from the very terra employed ; — from the testi-
mony of Lord Grenvdle, who framed the Bill ;
— from the speeches delivered during the debate;
— and from the unanimous opinion given by the
English Judges on this poiiil in JH40.

Lord Grcnville stated that -' bolli his own
" and Mr. Pitt's decision was -.hat the provisions
" of the 31st Geo. III., were n-.c intended for the
'• exclusire support of the (Church of England,
" hut for the maintenance of the Clergy, gemmllji,
'• of the Protestant Church." Mr Fox remarked
that, — " The greatest part of these Protestant
" ^fc-f,'y (for whose benetit the seventh of the
• lands were to be reserved), loere 7iot of the
• Church of England : they were chtcfly ichat are
" called I'rotesturt Dissetiters, in this country."

The opinion of the Judges in 1840 accords
with the views expressed by the framers of the
.\ct. The term "a Prote.stant Clergy," they af
lirm. " both in their natural force and meaning.
" and still more from the roiitext of the clauses
" in which they are found, arc used to designate
•■ and intend a Clergy opposed in doctrine and
" discipline to th« Clergy of the Church of Home,
" and rather to aim ot the encouragement of the
" Protestant religion in opposition to the Itomiah
'• Church, than to point e.jclusivcly to the Church
■■ of England"

Now, while denying the wisdcnn of the ap-
propriation altogether, yel from these important
facts it IS evident that the cKiim of liie Church

him in opinion; there m no question which has ^ ^^^^^ _^ _^ „,,..„.

KO thoroughly opened the eyes of the people ot | ^j- England to the Ucserves is wholly tictitMui.-.
Canada to the abomination of Church and Stale I ,„j ,(„„ ,r;uiy had a peculiar claim above olli-
allianceg. They turn men— «Ten Ministers of ^^^ ,i,g Mhiisters of the Protestant Churches
Religion— who, in private life, may be good j ,|„.„ pr,.vn;iiiig in the Province at the time of

the p.issing of the :il.<i Geo. III. possessed that

citizens, into occlosiastical firebrands and spoil
ers, and who, for the sake of power and emoln
ments from the State, are ever ready to sacrifice
both (he interests of religion and the peace of
ftociety. To be taught by long and painful ex-
perience tliat the religion ostensibly of the Bible
becomes only •> gorgemu sham under the dead

rlaiiu, and not the Ministers either of the
Churches of F.ngland or Scotland. Bishop
Strachan. in opposiin n to all tliose authorilies.
says that " the Biili.^h INdislilulion, as under-
" stood at that time, recogni-.ed no Clergy hut
•■ those of the Church of England ! ' Kegarduiff

^n>ng and debasing inlluence ofStato ulliances .|,,. |„„pf ci,,,,,-!,,.,, however, us being eqimlly

—and this has been done during the Bishop's • ,,,„i|]^,| „« citizens of the .State, to the benefits

long crusade in pursuit of these Reserves.— „f |i,ose funds, in proportion t.. Iheir nmiibcrs

is certiiiiily of "great moral value." „, compnred svilh other Prolestaiu denomin.v

Pttssing by the arrogant and foolish language ] i,„„g, it i, evident that, having almost unironiilv

of the Bishop, Oi applied to all who oppose his | ,„oi,opidi/.ed the whole fund through tlie aid of i

demands, we propose at once to consider how | „„ irresponsible Executive, they are indebted,

far he iHjusi.fied in claiming the Clergy Reserves I in,, very large amount, to the denominations

n " I'lit. Cliur;;h "r:y;'.:r'.y"— !V"»oln,',' <f<otir<(>.. • ,. t, ;,|. ,,,,|;| i\,\^ ...rie ! '<•"" t-nM .b-nrivml r>t ^

ih, p'nuestant'Kpiscopaiiaii Chrrch," i the benefits it was designed to confer. Upon

We may premise what every b«dy kncw.that a ftir ...npo.a.ion. the Churches of England

„o nnrtol' a «;overninent reservation for., gen- and Scotland have received Iron, .he pubb .

I,.l t urh OS the<Mer.y Keserv.s-lim- .best, and p.iiicipally from the Reserve lund,

:,: :rt be -redfr repealed" at the ! no, les. , e..-.t...HM., or f I,.H.UH... which by

'iea;,.;. of 0." Legislature, ca.I become u„ { law and in equity lo long, to the d. noim. n-

e„down,.-nt to any ehur.h or denomination, h.<retofore excluded.

mail le«ally conveyed by Deed To assert 1 H,„ , he Bl-lmp h.iviiig evidemlv doubts a«
the contrary would be t«« irrational as to claim j ,„ ih„ claims of the C'liir.h of r.iigland, nn-
l,,vf„l ,,-sses-ion of a <'rown Reservn niBWl) I ,»„, the Act .d' I7MI, inkes refuge under the

declared further to His Lordship " tl
" the year 1826 (up to 1839) the Hon
" sembly have on fourteen different
'• recorded their opinion that the CI
'• serves ought to be sM and the pro
" plied to educational or general purpc
closing Ilia despatch he says—" Most
" then, do I pray that the settlement nr
" to may be final, and that no obstacl
" opposed to its confirmation by Her
" .Should it be otherwise, and the questi
" again be thrown back for decision hf
" not foresee the conseipiencos ; but i
" know that peace and tranquility mu;
" event, long remain strangers to the V

In order to avert the evils he antici
gave to Lord John Russell a long det
difliciilties attending the previous a^
the question, aud hinted that although
stood that ■' representations would be
home ' with a view of nullifying the
he trusted that they wo dd not be succ

The Provincial Bill was, however, r

once, and an Imperial Bill dictated by

bishop of Canterbury, wa™ passed ii

without any reference whatever to thi

Legislatme or people. This is the 3i

Victoria, chap. 78, commonly called t

Reserve .\ct of 1840, and which is di

have been regarded as final by the |

Canada' \ more violent inlraction o

tional law and guaranteed rights nc

before remarked, was perpetrated; am

was the .\ct passetl that the people

and, it is said, even meitibert. ol' die Go

for a long time sui)posi.'d that thociiaf

the Bill sent home by Lord Hydeiihai

' The means adopted to secure the

I of that measure, and to which Loi

I ham referred, in his Jespalch to 1

' Russell, are thus descr Oed by Bisho(i

in a pamphlet he isniied some yea

" The yeciilur State v{ the tilhurcl

Diocese, Referring to the 7th am

IV., which iiiilhori/.ed the sale of

of the Reserves, called " the old

remarks : —

J V' " The portion is i b« heve, a
" the proceeds iiive-ite.l at five [.er
" It is from this inrestinent. neir

■ rerenuc of £10,130 (i*. A/., w

" K.WKI) fO THK (JlHIICH BV THK.
"SniO.V CIVKN TO loWll .Smii.nii
" si'RK, and the moiliiicatioiis Tore
" Miiiistiv by the iiilerferelicri of
' 4>l Lords. Tortniiatt ly for us, the
" liee (Robins' i) v> m in Lond.ii
" pi;.«d the Atchbisli. v lUld the
I,.,M.b.M ..11.1 I'.xetc -.vlth stul: i
ns his thorough km wiedge of i

• enabled hiui to tlo and althoiiji

■ ihis rniiirry. atit! - --.iM ''■'-'' '
■• comiiiiMiicaiion with the fri-iids
•' of the Clinnh in I' ial""d I wa«

• iiiu II. foriNarifnig a thorouKh l.ii
Ihe ineciediiigs lier'. and of I

•• (ih|eclioils III the Cbrgy Ui.erve
•' hail lieeli pas«ed, iind had lieen
■' lor the «aii(iioli of tin" Gnverii
ilKeipieiire of the ,>lU'r;ilioiis ii

• House (if Lorils, \*o have a sii
"and III r mn those ,M.r>.H«rn'

mimn extra.

lared further to His Lordship " that since
le year 1826 (up to 1839) the House of As-
»,ml)l.v have on fouHeev different occasions
3corded their opinion that the Clergy Re-
erves ought to be sold and the proceeds ap-
lied to educational or general purposes." In
sing Ilia despatch he says—" Most fervently,
len. do I pray that the settlement now agreed
1 may be final, and that no obstacle may be
ppnsed to its confirmation by H»r Majesty,
hould it be otherwise, and the iiuestion should
gain be thrown back for decision here, 1 can-
lot foresee the conseiiuencos ; but at least, I
.now that peace and tranciuility must, in that
vent, long remain strangers to the Province. '

u order to avert the evils he anticipated, he
,e to Lord John Russell u long detail of the
ftculties attending the previou.» agitation of
I question, and hinted that although he nnder-
od that ■• representations would be made at
me ' with a view of nullifying the measure,
trusted that they wo ild not be successful.

rhe Provincial Bill was. however, nullified at
ce, and an Imperial Hill dictated by the Arch-
hop of Canterbury, vva™ passed into a law
ihout any reference whatever to the Colonial
gislatnie or people. This is the 3rd and 4th
ntcria. chap. 78, commonly called the Clergy
iserve Act of 1840, and which U declared to
ve been regarded as filial by the people of
iiadii' \ more violent infraction of constitu-
nal law and guaranteed rights never, as we
fore remarked, was perpetrated; and so coolly
IS the .\ct passed that the people generally,
d. it i.<said. even nienibert> of ihe tiovernment,
r a long time HUi)posi;d that thocuartmentwas
R Dili sent home by Lord Hydciiham !
The means adopted to secure the nullifying
' that measure, and lo which Lord Syden-
111 referred, in hs Jespalch to Lord John
iissell, are thus dc!<crbed by Ui!<hop Strachaii,
a pamphlet he iaiiied some years ago, on
The yeiiilur Hlate (/ the <::liurch" in his
Idcese. Keferriiig to thti 7lh and Wih Oeo.
'., which authori/.ed the «iile of one-foiirlli
■ the Reserves, calltd " the old sales," he
luark.^ : —

i V/"' " 'I'he portion i" i h. Iievc, all sold, and
An- proceed!.! iiiveited at five [H-r cent. And
il in fnim thin inrestmrnl. mur ijirliltni! a
rrrritiii' of JjlOl:!!! (i*. H,^, vvHi(;ii was

S,\VKI> f.) THK Cum t H BV THK KIHM orl'O-

•iiTio.v civKN TO limn S\ 1)1. mum"" mk »•
SI RK, and Ihe moiliiicalions forced on the
Miiiistiv by the itiniferclico "f the I louse
of Lords. Fortniiatt ly for us, the Chief Jus-
tice (Kobiiisri') v>i« in Liinibm. am! 'ii|i
pli-d the Atrlibi^h' i> and ihe lli-lio|"< "f

I, i„„ Mil.! I'.xeto -.vitli -iiicl; in('.ri!;;\ln>

n* liii» thorough km wledgr of lh« siibjei :
enabled hnn lo tlo and altboiigli I was in
;his rniiirrv. slit! ^ }\^^ S?'^- !'" p.-!:f.ii!:il
eoiiliiHMiitniion with iho fri'iids imd llelld^
nf Ihe I'hiir.li in r. lal""'' I *va^ not ^^atll-
iiiif M. foruariling a tlior(Mi«li Kiman ledge «il
the lUeciediiiKs ln'r '. and of ihe senoiH
tibieelinll-i I" llin Cl< rgV Ue^erve jllllwliieli
hnd been pasied, iilld had been ,<ent hmiie
lor Ihe .aiirlion of tin" (Jiiveriii'ieiil. In
rnineipieine "f the ,\lU'r;ilion« made ill the

• Home of Lords, wi« have a surplus fund.

' mid lit I r<'H rno'r ai. tkim rioi", iiUHr

" the inhabitants of Upper Canada are not
" doing in 1838, what Englishmen did do in
" H588, when their feelings were outraged, their
" constitutional liberties infringed, and the
" privileges of Parliament trampled upon, in
" order lo force upon the nation a system of
"of religious domination which the great
" majority of the people did not desire," — with
how mucb more propriety might that language
be employed in iSM f The same writer, ^Mr.
E. Ryerson,) further adds, in his Letters lo .Mr.
Draper : —

Sir, ivliaiever may be the jpeculatioin of the philoio-
pher. or the theories of the divine, or the dogmas and
pretensions of eccloeiaslion, on the seucral que lion of a
';hurch Kstuhlislinieiit paid liy the Stain in a (.ounlry I
submit lo vou that tliHt 18 nut the primary iiuesiioti for
the Statesman in respci i lo thi.s Province ; I subiiiil, !*ii
that the first quoslion ior you and every oiherLegislator
lo eonsider is, whether you «ili violate the esueutiol
principles of free C•oll^lilulio"nl Government in order to
erect and endow an pecleBiiisliriUiicrarchy in the pro-
vince, embrai-inj{ one or lialfa do. ^n ilifferent forms of
reunions faith? For that the voice of the Frovincn i»
ajfsinsl such .in endowment, i« as clear as day. If you
doubt it appeal to the i:ouiitry by a dissolution of I'arliii-
inenl. It IS a more iniporta it subject to Upper Canada
than Parlianienlarv Reform was to (Jreul Britain, on
which an appeal was made by all parties to the British
Naiiun.

With respect to the late Imperial Act the 1("
Vic. cliap. ai. giving to the Provincial LeRisla-
lure the authority to dispose of ihe Reserves—
a right gnaranleed to us by the 3Jst Geo. HI.
cap. 31, in 17!)1. but violent!; ^ '. a.side by the
Imperial ,\ct of 1H40— it conti uis a provision
diametrically opposed to our admitted right lo
settle all local (luestions by our Iota! Legislature.
While oslensihiy re-invesliiig the Legislature
with the piivver to " vary or rep:uir' the provi
sion accor 'ing lo the obvious design of the Act
of 171H, it utipulales ihal all Iiiciiuiln-nts up to
the period of the pa>.siiig of the Art, wbether
their claims were jusi t)r iiniiist, -shall be pension-
ed by the Province for life, or dining iht ir in-
caiiibency .

The injustice of this stipulation, ufier the in-
juries already intliced upon the innjority of our
population and religious tlenominalioiis during
the last thirty years, no language can adetpiatcly
express. According to the clearest evidence,
and ehe most obvious and wist interpretation of
tlic Constitiiiioiial Act of 1791. the parties who
have hereiofore bei!n stipcndaries, and who are
reipiired by the stipulation of the late Imperial
Act to be placed upon our pension lis! for llle.
areaclimlly indebled lo the other denominalioiut
ill a sum exi'eediiig one million of Dollars; or
! that amount is due by them to the Piililii Trea-
I siiry on behalf of iliost; who have hillnirlo been
uuravvfully de|,riveil id any beiietits from this
I soiiiiP o( revenue.

That the voice of Cpper Canada has always
1 been eliMirlv expre—ed ill lavor of an entire ab-
; vogilioii oi' Ihesc Reserves as an Lcclesiaslical
provision. Ihe Records of I'arliameiil and pubbc
opinion wherever il has been allowed a (air
[expression, aluindanlly proves; while il luiisl
; be (dtvioiis to every inlelligent reader id' our
' History, lliiil the peace and welfare of the Pro-
vince are iii«epar.ilily ctiniiected with a measure
of complete and irriiversible seculari/.ation.

TIm' nill now before till Legislative Assembly
tfiselv recogiii/.es the wisiloiii anil necessity of
• llievllig '• nil siMolil itice nfroiiiiei lion bel ween
flMirdi and 8tiile," anil |iroposes In apply the
|iroceeds arising from past or liiliire sales, iiiler-
,.«! rent", Ae-: Isi. to pay Ibe stipends of exmi-
iiig iiieiimbeiils for life, or Ihe allowances given
III religious bodies or deiiomiii ilions for a term
ol vears to be lived by I'nrli.iiiieiil : and second,
lo pay the entire balame lo the MimicipaliliHs
aeeordiilg to po|iulalioii. The 11.11 fiirlhei (iro-
Miles fir the r'oiiiiililMlion tif those rlaiiiis upon
ihe prim:i|ile of life assiiialiee, eilher wilh the
ilfdiMdiliils or religious bodies lo who li they
beloiiK. and lea.es smh lomiiiulalioii elilirely in
llie hand' of Ih" (iovernor in rmincil.

I..,.,...,,.,., „ »,, ,1., I, 1m I, iir of 111. i,i!-c>

would for one moment listen to the monetary
ruvings of this old ecclesiastic. On the contrary,
the Legislative Assembly of Canada having res-
pect to the provisions of the .\ct of 1791, and
making a just estimate of the outrages which in
the days of irresponsible power, and even to the
present period, have been committed against the
majority of our population by the parties aiming
at ecclesiastical ascendancy, — would only act ia
character.and wilh a strict regard to justice, wcro
they to deprive the spoilers henceforth of any
special benefit from the Reserve funds but such
only a.s all citizens will enjoy when the whole are
devoted to se-ular purposes. We are gratified
to find that Mr. Brown has submitted the follow-
ing amendments to the Ministerial Bill, whi(:h,
although they do not attempt to claim indemnity
for the pluntlered P'otestanls of Upper Canada,
yet tend to avert the perpetuating of a gigantic
evil in the shape of dcnoiuinational commuta-
tion, which would he infinitely worse than the
present mode of employing the Reserves.

That it be u» instiuctinn to the said Cominittcfi that,
for the ijftier securiua the final and immediate seculari.
Tiation ol the Clergy lleacrve question, it have power to
provide in the Bill ; —

1st. That all cash, seriiritier, lands, arrears of land
sales, and other assets belonging to the Clergy Ileservo
Funds he transferred forthwith to the Crown, at « valu-
ation to be now made— separation .if the Funds of Upper
and l,i>wer Canada being iiiaiutuiiied : —

2. That an sstiinate bo forthwith made of the Capital
sums which, upon the .^tablished principles lor ascer-
taininif the value of terminable aiiauities, would be equi-
valeiiisfor the assuinpiioii ..f ih-; aanuul ..tipends or aU
lipwanoes of Upper and Lower Canada respectively,
guaranteed under the late Imperial Clergy Rasorve
Act.

^. That the sums so estimated to be equivalenti for
ihe a««umptiiMi of Ihe said stipends or alio winces, be re-
laineil from the rlergy Reserve assats of 1,'pper ami Low
er Canada respectively, and applied lo the (jeneral pur-
poses of the Province ; and the annual slipi-uds or allow.
anres guaranteed by th( late Imperial .Act be secured
ii|ioii the Consolidated Revenue of the Province and
made an annual (barge ihereou.

•J. That the whole remainder of the Clergy Reserve
Funds olCpper and Lower Canada respeetivclv, be forth-
wiib diclribnted, in each Province, ninoiigtlie County and
City Mun.i ipalities, according to Populaiiou, in Cash or
Debentures, or a portion of each, u> the public couvoni-
ence may render expedient.

!>. That there be no commutation of the itipendi or at-
lowanrcs secured under the late Imperial Act, but tha
individuals inlerested be secured in the annual allowan-
res guaranteed to them under the said Act . subject to all
the existing conditieiis of their Incumbencies.

li. That all amounts, sums and valuations referred to
Ihe foregiiing Itesoluiioils, anil (he nipnies and .lescrip-
tions ol all pariies to be ciiiiili'd to any stipenil or al-
l..»uiice under the same, and the ►uiii- to which tha>
hhall be so iFitiile.l, be forihuiih asceriaiiic.l and specifi-
ed in the Itill or in Schedules to be aiiachcd thereto.

Neither l!ie Address of the Provincial Le-
gislative Asseiiddy, nor the late Imperial Act,
ever i ontempliitt'd any provision being secur-
ed but 10 individuals, and only during' tha
term »/ llidr rcsprrttn- inniiiditncifs. To com-
mute "with the Church of I'.nglaiid, or any
oilier, as a religions Deiiomlmilidn, would bn
lo entail upon the t tiuntry a wrong, to which
the friends of Religions Equality would never
tlibiuit.

We call the attention of our readers lo the
imporlani Resolution* of the AiUi (."lergy Re-
servH .Assoiiiuiou, which will b» founil in
unothcr column.

Antl Clergy Reaerre Associatlou.

.At u Meeiing of the above .Siisociation, hchi
oil MoiiiKiy t-viiiiiig. i'lr i'yjirr in the chair,
the following Resoliilions. eiiibodMiig grenl
principles and bearing particularly on Ihe. Dill
now before the House, were imaioooiisly
miopied ;—

Itifidrrd. Isi — That the support or endow-
ineiil liv Ihe ."^tale ol'oiie or more relujioiis ile-
lioimiiatioim, whether llint eiidownienl be by
way ofamiii.il allowiiiicf, or the griiiil iil once of
a |:ir"'' -ii'O 'o lie inve-leil and iieiiiii|.r|.|| be ilieso

f^- •' Tb

II ii/irtiiiii iK

K. 1.,

.11 ..i.l.l u.„l

I il ,ir!y •'Xpre^seii jh fjivor ol an entire "ab-

#, rm III' ih, i»

iisiiig iiiiint'iicd or
— anil this liu» been <ione during the Bishop's
long crusnde in pursuit of tiicse lieserves, —
is certainly of " great moral value."

PaaHing by the arrogant and fooliflli language
of the Bishop, as applied to all who oppope his
demands, we propose at once to consider how
far he is justified in claiming the Clergy Reserves
Hi " the Church prspcrty"- -nseanin!*, nfcoui-se,
the Protestant Episcopalian Church."

We may premise what every body knows that
no part of a Government reservation for a gen-
eral object — such as the Clergy Reserves — lim-
ited moreover to be " varied or repealed" at the
pleasure of the Legislature, can become an
endowment to any churcii or denomination,
until Ibgally conveyed by Deed. To assert
the contrary would be as irrational as to claim
lawful posaesaion of a Crown Reserve merely
because it was open for location on certain con-
ditions. Bishep Strachan knows this as well as
^ ^ I

Huy laan, but it would not answer his purpose i
to make the admission. i

But not only do wa deny that these Reserves i
h^ve ever formed an endowment for the church 1
of England, but we deny that they were ever
intended for its exclusive or special benefit,
although for many years it has monopolized the
whole proceeds. The concessions made to the
claims of the Church of Scotland in 1827, after '
a war of about seven years, and the .subsequent i
concessions of a comparatively small amount to
the Old Synod of U. Canada, and to the Wes- i
leyau Methodists,— and finally to the churcli of .
Rome, were done only to secure, if possible, the ;
peaceful possession and control of a fund evi- I
dently designed for the benefit of all Protestant |
Denomination.').

Aa the whole controversy between the parties i
who have long claimed and held possession of |
the proceeds of the Reserves, and t* iise who
have resisted their claims ; or between the
parties favorable or opposed to their applica-
tion to ecclesiastical purposes, is based upon
tlie meaning of the Constitutional Act. it is
important to examine its language with care
Rnd impartiality, and to consider the circumstan-
ces under which the statute was passed.

In I7itl, Ml. Chancellor Pitt acknowledged
in the debate on the Consiituiional Act, (the
3ij li Oeo. 111., chap :51,) that the population of
I'pper ('anada, at tliai iiiiii', including men,
women, and children, did not exceed 10, OO" ;
and it is univernally adiuitled that the religious
dtiioininaiions into which the Protestant popii
l-iliiHi was tlieii divided, wii», |iviiicipiillj —
M"ili«ili»ts, Presbylorians, and Bapiisls r^d
lew were the EpiscopHlians that, even so lute as
lilt! la«t Amt-ricun War, there were but 5 minis-
ters of the Church of Kngland in the Province,
and those are believed lo have been chiefly
ctiUlitM led with iho Arn.y or Navy; and up to the
year 1H18, there was but one minister of the
rhiirrh of Wotilland in I'pper Canadii

The language of the Act of I7'.H, relative to
the rosorvBtion of one-seventh of the lands for
eccle«iuiticnl purpoies, i» clear and specific

;l)(.' latter Churches, however, us being (Miiiiillv
entitled, as citizens of the State, to the benefits
of those funds, in proportion to their numbers
ns compared with other Protestant denomina-
tions, it is evident that, having almost uniformly
monopolized the whole fund thiuiigh the aid of
an irresponsible Executive, they are indebted,
in a very large amount, to the denominations
vvhicb, until tliis perio.!, h'n-c I'een Honrivod nf
the benefits it was designed to confer. Upon
a fair computation, the Churches of England
and Scotland have received from the public
chest, and principally from the Reserve fund,
not less than £2r>0,()(H), or |l,nOO,000, which by
law and in ei]uity belongs to the denominations
heretofore excluded.

But the Bishop having evidently iloiibts as
to the claims of the Church of England, un-
der the Act of J7'.)l, takes refuge under the
Act of 1840 — the Imperial Clergy Preserve
Act. Of this he says — •' If there irrr teas a
" solemn cmnpiict in any nation with tke. Prn-
'' testant Church, it teas the compact of 1840
•' OH this suhject." We call our readers' .spe-
cial attention to the refined hypocrisy of the
Bishop, in his .illusions to this measure before
the Convocation. lie hides the main facts, and
reasons as if they were unknown !

6' ' ■ Tlie portion is i ht hevc, h
" the proceeds invested at five per
" it is from this nieestment, now
" revenue of £10.4:19 6». 8il., w;

" SAVKD TO THK ChUKCH BY THK )
" SITION CIVKN TO I.ORO Svn>;NH

" si;rk,, and the moditications forci
" Ministry by the intMrferenee of
" of Lords. Fortnnat) ly for ns, the
" tice (Robinson) wa ■ in London
" plied the Archbish< p and the
•■ LuiiJuii iiikI Exeto with such i
■' as his thorough km wicdge of t
" enabled him to do and althougi
"this couiilry, and i mild have ti
" cominiinication with the friends
" of the Church in Eigliiuil. I was
" ing 111 forwarding a thorough ki)(
'• tbe proceedings hen, and of tl
•' objections lo the Chrgy Re.serve
" had been passed, and had been
" for the sanction of the Governi
" consequence of the ail'erations ni
'• House of Lords, wo have a siii

•' and lU'T FOR THOSE AI.TKKVTIOV
■' WOUl.U HWK BKEN AT THIS V\\
" TO UIVIPE." ^1

It is important to mark this admia
last Act of the Parliatiient of IJppt
upon this subject, pa sed under Lc
liHui, and liberal far bi.'vond the dei^
monopolists, and so oflen refcrre
final measure, would have, left the
England, according to the testimo
Bishop, in 1849, notliing to divide.
mission exhil>ita the deep hypocrisj

So far from being a solemn compact be-
tween the English Government and the Pro-
testant Population of the Province, it was one j manife.sted with regard to this m
of the most despotic and immoral enactuieiils ' "'« pnfius holding possession of tli
which ever disgraced the statutes of the ''''"' L'lpwrial Act of 1840, it has \h

nation.

In the enrlv part of Ir^tiO, n Hill for re-
investing the Rk'servos in the Crowii hud, by
a cunning stratagviii. been passed, and trans-
mitted to Eiiglanil for the Royal assent, by
Sir George Arthur. Lord John Russell, on
advising Lord Sydenliaiii of the Roval assent
having been withheld, expressed his regret
that any appeal should have been made to the

ed, simply embodied the provisio
Provincial Act, because of some all
informality or error on the pert of
latiire of I'pper Canada ; whereas
fact, a new measure, of the nios
character, directly at variance with
understood wishes of our popul
their representatives.

Such is a faint outline of the vii

. I injustice which has marked the cour
Imperial Government on that subject, ns it towards the large majority of the pee
was one of a local ehnracter. specially com-
mitted to the lurisdiction of the Local Lej
lature, by the iUst Georgf III ; and thai as it
could be dealt with more iiiti'lligently and
salisfatlorilv in the Province, he tru.ittMl that

province, by the parties aiming at m
privileges, and more especially by i
and .ulliereuts of tlie Churches of I'.i
Scotland. A pcdicy more deeply
with the features of deiiiorali/.ation t
ly, perhaps, find a parallel in the hist

the question would be settled bv a local Bill. '■ u"- "'0 oiher country. To attain pol
, ■ „ , ,. ,1. I ,11 tioii. and an iiulependenl position

and especially beture the Provinces should be , j^,^^,,. ^^,,^y ^.,,,,,,, ^^ ,,,,^^,,,,^ |,^.„,,||

tiuited

Lord Sydenham, in obedience lo his instruc'
tiotia, after much labour and di(liiMilt> . sue

conslitiiliiiiiiil. Ic^mI. moral, or reli

been set ai noiiglit: the pence of koc

religioii.s roiiimunities has been d'st

, ,, ,j , ,111 most alarming civil commotion^

ceeded in gelling another Uiil ihroiigh both I p^^,,„„| . .^.^ii,, ^^,i,„|||,j„_ |,|,„„],hp,|,

Houses, and transmitted it to England, for the have followed in iheir iruiii .' > et

Roval assent. tideiatiiig their crimes for mrrc than I

.'.,. , ,. . .1 . 1 ■.„ is lh«' liirffe maioritv of our popul!

Wiih reference to that mea.nre he writes- ^^^„ ,,, ^^^_,, „J,, j,>,,,,„^,,, ^,,,1, ,',,,„

"I will not concent from your Lordship that ^ „„|,„|^ of those briun lies uf tl

" crrn In this Ititl. ihu.s procrriling »n the priuripU churches of England and Scotlainl i

■• nfso general dntnluhon amovf different nliU>- ^■"'*^'' '' •'"■,"''"" ""■'"''; "" ""' *'"

• " , /. 1- acuravaled and protractHd controvei

' „M.s persuaswns. vearty insaperahlc ohjteti.ws ^ ,,^,.,,„,, „„. ^,,^.j, ,„„| f,i,g|,„„ ,,^^1*

" have been and arc enti rtuined in thts Prutinee. \ i,||,|„riiy of the people of I'pper C«

" For many yearn past the represcntalivei of the I wiih proprielv ami tru h. ihclare. hi

■ people A.in uniformhi refused assent to un up. i "B". '»«'" '' '/ '» t" Uh- .»'1"»«"<;<' "vei

■ ' . .;■,", I i ■' mind ol the high relgioiif. (lelingi

■ propnuHon ../ this Jiiml for reU^wus purposes , „ ^.^^i^.^ ^^^■ ,,,^,^^ ^i..^^,., „,. ,,,p j,,,^,,

■' at all, and t'xiee steadily maintained its dislriliu- •■ |,i,ve been sd Nhamefully calumni
" tivn to cducattonat di gentral purpoati " and ' episcopal clergy and 'heir party i

i tr ■ ■ Tilt! [Jorlioii is i in lievc, ;ill .soiil. and i
lli(! proceeds iiive»te>l at five per cPiit. And |
it in from this ivecstment, now yiftdina a \
revenue, of X10,4:}9 6s. 8^/., wfiich was |

RAVKD TO THK ChUKCH BV THK FIRM OPPO- !
SITION GIVKN TO I.ORI) SvdKNHAm's MEA- |

suRK, and the niodinciitions (breed on the '
Ministry by the int^rrerenee of the House j
of Lords. Furtuiiat) ly for ns, tl>e C'iiief Jus- j
tiee (Rohinson) wa ■ in London, and siiji- |

idird the Arclibishcp and the Bishops of
<uiKiuii (111;' Exi'to with such itiforiHatioi^
as his thorough km wicdge of the suhjot i |
ennblRci him to do and although I was in .
this connlry, and i mdd have no personal'
ooinniiinication with the friends and heads \
of the Chnroii in Kighinil. I was not want- I
in^' 111 forwarding a thorough knowledge ofj
the proceedings hen, and of the serious [
olijections lo ihe Clergy Reserve Hill wiiieh i
had heen jiassed, and had been sent home j
for the sanction of the Government. In I
ronseqiieiiee of the a'.lvirations made in the |
House of Lords, wo have a sur]>lus innd. ;

and lU'T FOR THOSE AI.TKKATIONS, THKBK
WOIJI.U IIWK BKEN AT THIS DAY NOTHI.SG
TO DIVIDE." ,_^^

It is important to mark this admission. The
St Act of the Parliatiietit of Upper Canada,
ion this subject, pa sed under Lord tiydcn-
ini, and liberal fur bi.'yond the deserts of the
onopolists, and so oflen reftrred to ns a
lal measure, would have, left the Church of
ngliind, according to the testimony of the
ishup. in 1849, notliing to divide. This ad-
ission exhil(ila the deep hypocrisy generally
anife.sted with regard to this measure, by
e parties holding possession of those funds,
he Imperial Act of 1840, it has been atTirm-
I, simply embodied the provisions of ths
roviiieiftl Act, because of some ttllegad legal j
formality or error on tho pert of the Legis- I
ture of Upper Canada ; wheren.s i; was, in |
ct, a new measure, of the most despotic
laracter, directly at variance with the well- 1
iderstood wishes of our population and
eir rep resentatives.

Hncb is a faint outline of the violence and
justice which has marked the course pursued
iwards the large majority of the people of this
roviiice, by tho parliej aiming at mclcsiastical
rivileges, and more especially by the Clergy
1(1 adhereuts of tlie Cliiirclies of I'.ngland and
rotlaiid. A policy more deeply eiistamped
ith the features of deniorali/atiou could hard-
■, perh.ips, lind a parallel in the history of thi^,
r any mher coiiiilry. To attain politinil eleva-
on. and an independent position friiiti the
tate, every sound or correct principle. wjielher
iiiistitiiliiiiial. legal, moral, or religious, has
iM'ii set 111 noiiglit: the pence of soiuetv and of
•ligioii.s coiiimunilies lias been d'sliirhod : the
lost aliirmiiig civil commotion- lia\c been
rented ; while rebellion, bloodshed, and misery
Mve (ellowed in their tram .' > el iitivv, al\er
delating llieir crimes for mr re than ibirty years,
i the large majority of our populnliou called
till 10 resist the immoral and outrageous de-
lands of tho-ie briimhes of the national
hiirehes of F.iigland unil Scotland in the I'ro-
ince U an able writer on the history of this
ggravateii and protracted coinroversy aiul war
gainst till' civil and r«'igious rights of the large
iia|ority ol the people of Upper f7«iiadM. could
viih piupriety and trit h, dtelare. sixleeii years
go, that " It IS lo the mlliience over the public
' uiind of the high rel gioiih feelings and prin
' eiples of those ci:;sii<n of the population who
' have been so NhuiHefully calumniated b\ the
' opiicupal clergy and !heir puiy Kribvii, ihat

'n'lin clrarly exprcs<e(l iii lavor of an eiit i re al
rogation of these Reserves as an Ecclesiastical
provision, the Record.s of Parliament and public
opinion, wherever if has been allowed a fair
expression, abundantly proves; while it must
be obvious to every intelligent reader of our
History, that the peace and welfare of the Pro-
vince are inseparably connected with a measure
of complete and irreversible secularization.

The Bill now before the Legislative Assembly
wisely recognizes the wisdom and necessity of
removing " all semblance ofeoniiection between
Church and State," and proposes to apply the
|)roceeds arising fnmi past or future sales, inter-
est, rents, &c,., 1st. to pay the stipends of exist-
ing incumbents for life, or the allowances giveti
to religious bodies or denominations for a term
of years to be fixed by Parliament; and second,
to pay the entire balance to the Municipalities
according to population. The Bill further pro-
vides for the commutation of those claims upon
the priiici[)le of life assurance, either with the
individuals or religious bodies to which they
belong, and leaves such commutation entirely in
the bauds of the Governor in Council.

Protesting, as we do, on behalf of tho large
majority of the people of Upper Canada against
the long and violent perversion ofthcact of 1791
first by allowing the Church of Lngland to mono-
polize alone, up to 18'27. the whole benefits of a
fund designed lor all Protestant denominations;
nnd, secondly, by the Churches of England and
Scotland, with some partial exceptions, up to
the present day : protesting further, as wc do.
against the monstrous infraction of colonial
rights by tho anuutling of the last act of the
Legislature of Upper Canada on this subject,
passed in 1839. and the unconstitutional substi-
tution of a measure dictated by the Archbishop
of Canterbury, and without any reference what-
ever lo our local Legislature, (we mean the
Imperial Clergy Reserve Act of 1840 — the .'Jrd
and Uli Vict., cap. 78) — we also most earnestly
protest against perpeliiating the injustice under
the present bill now before the House. Upon
the clearest principles of law and moral
justice, the parties heretofore and now enjoying
the monetary advantages of the Reserve funds,
.should be required either to refund the one, mil-
lion of dollars which they have received beyond
the share to which they were fairly entitleil by
law, or that that amount, or its interest at six
|ierce:it: v\z., $iW.OW per annum : should be
deducted from any sum which the Legislature,
under the retpiirenients of the late Imperial act,
may be willing lo concede by way of compro-
mise. This amount, it should be observed, is
due, by law. to the parties heretofore excluded
from the beuetils of the funds, not. however, as
deiKiminatioiis but as citizens who have hern
robbed by the ('hi'rches of England and Scot-
land ; and it should be paid even were no future
provision lo lie made for present incumbents,
hut in order to entitle to ibe general benefits of
the i)roperty when secularized.

Bishop Strachun, nlliioiigh (dlen convicted of
having pursued a most reckless, unchristian,
and l.iwless career, in his insane atlenipls to
build up a Slate (^limch or Chiirclies in the Pro-
vince; still labors with ilie spirit and <letei-
miiiation of a modern ilildebrand to aci:oni-
plnli his serlariaii and ambilioii'< schemes.
With an elfroiilery In v\liirh, probably, tio
parallel could be found, alter having virtually
plundered his fellow Prolotiiils or ciiizena of
about ,t 1, 000,000. beyond the legal claiUH >it the
Church id' England on the fund, he niodeslly
suggests to the lloii. Mr .Morin that iiiiotlier
$vi,000.000 n.ay perhiips satisly llio lUMitiable
cra\ings of ;lie Prie.-<ihood : or, in his address
before his V ■rg\ in (,'ouvocalion. be tells tlicm
that he iroi . ly acirpt of the annual iuttrrM of
that amount, ii,. i\Hh'i^W m [iKr\wluay . (or CM.-
00(1) undir protest : No legislature po.^isessing .1
ipurk of tiitc-lh|ciice, justice, or putriotiDui,

term of (lair rcspectire inciimlieneies. To com-
mute with the Church of England, or any
other, as a religious Denomination, would bo
to entail upon the country a wrong, to which
the friends of Religious Equality would never
submit.

We call the attention of our readers to the
important Resolutions of the Anti-Clergy Re-
serve Association, wbicii will be found in
another column.

Anti Clergy Reserve Association.

At a Meeting of the above Association, held
oii Moiulay evening, Dr. Pyper in the chair,
the following Resolutions, embodying great
principles and bearing particularly on the Bill
now before the House, were unanimously
adopted : —

Iteiohed. 1st. — That the support or endow,
ineut by the State of one or more religious de-
nominations, whether that endowment be by
way of annual allowance, or the grant at once of
a large sum to i)e invested. and managed by these
denominations as their own property is a gross
violation of the rights of other bodies, a (iital in-
jury lo religion itselt". end an unjust ;ind uncon-
stitutional appropriation of the public revenue.

Resotred, 2nd. — That a large m.njoriiy of tho
jieople of Upper Canada have, for more than a
quarter of a century, justly and persistently de-
manded the total secularization of the Clergy
Reset ves, and the repeal ofevery law that gives
to any one sect grunts or privileges not enjoyed
by every other.

liesolted, 3rrf.— That as the bill now befoi'e
Parliament, entitled " An Act to make better
provision forthe ajjpropriation of moneys arising
iroin lands heretolore known as the Clergy Re-
serves, by rendering them available for Munici-
pal purposes," while recognising the principle
of secularization as just and necessary, provides
(or the transference of n large portion ofihese
"monies" to certain 'religious bodies" when-
ever the Governor consents, it cannot and will
not be accepted by the peo|>le of I'jipei Canada
us sound in principle, or as a final settlement of
the Reserve question.

Ttesohed, 4tb. — That the recognition by tho
Legislature of a riskt in any of the ' Religious
Bodies' of Ibe Province lo be pensioiieil or com-
muted with, and endowed by the Stale, at the
expense of the whole people, is llie very xrrong
against which the friends of religious liberty in
UpperCannda hnve alvvays protested, and which
thev will continue to resist by every constitu-
tioiial means in their power
! liesulved, i'jth. — That if the present Bill heroine
! law. It will, in the opinion of this Coinmi'lee, be
I possible for a an Executive friendly to the unpist
[ clainis of the " Religious Bodies" rt.ferred to in
i the 2d and ltd sections, to endow from the pub-
' lie funds, and build up in this coiintrv, dominant
j (,'hiircli<> upon a more secure foundation, and
I with more dangi.'rous powers than under the
' laws as they now e\ist.

j llefidred, therefore, (ithlv — Thai unles.s the

Bill now before P.arliamenl be amended, so that

; li<!nceforlh no appropriation nf piililir money

I shall or can be made by the eseciitive govern-

i ment, to any religious bndy or to any clergyman

i except the individual Incumbents meiilloned in

: the Imperial Clergy Reserve Act of !-<>;(. and

during ilieir Ini'umbeiieies only, it must bti re-

Ciird'd as ilcceplive, dangerous, and a (iaml upon

! the (iHiiitry. and, if passeil wiihontsnrb auiend-

i luenl. will inevitably produce continued agita-

. tion and wide-spread discontent.

! itisiolred. 7 tidy. — That the foregoing rfsolii-

! tions t)i> publiithed, an'l ths Secre'.ary ot the As

sociution be iiistrueted to forvstiril a mpy 'urllt-

' with to ench inenibej of the Leji's'a' ire.