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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 PHOTOCiRAI'M KV K. MAVNARI). BEACON HILL PARK — VICTORIA, B.C. THE QUEEN CITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA. 1 IT is not my intention in this brief siietch to treat of Victoria only from the standpoint of her beautiful lo- cation, her sportins,"- and tourist attrac- tions, and the exceedingly picturesque elements that encircle lite in i^-eneral within her borders; nor yet to deal solely with historical data or connner- cial aspects ; but rather steerinj^- alonj"' that delig'htful middle course, (so much more attractive to the j^eneral reader, and so infinitely more satisfactory to the writer) wherein a few statistics and solid facts peep out from between the folds of description, I shall try to preseii.. a faithful silhouette of the Queen City as she appears in the eyes of the world to-day. Away back in the year 1842 Mr. (afterwards Sir) James Douj^las, Sen- ior Chief Factor of the Hudson's Hay Company, a man of ability and ^reat force of character, and a born leader of men, fixed upon the old settlement of Camosun, on the southern end of Vancouver Island, as the site for a new fort and tradinj^ post ; and in the fol- lowinjj^ .spring;- the place was named Victoria. From that date until 1886 the history of the Queen City became practically that of the whole province. In 1851 Mr. James Douf^las was ap- pointed j^overnor of Vancouver Island, bein^'- i^^iven equal jurisdiction over the new colony of British Columbia in 1858. He was knij^hted in 1864, and when on Aug-ust 20th, 1866, the main- land and the Island of Vancouver were united as a Crown Colony he became ifovernor of the whole province. The parliamentary history of British Columbia is both interestintj and com- plicated, coverini^, as it does, the days of the Island's supremacy, the brief ex- istence of a rival capital at New West- minster, and the records of the Legis- lative Assembly of the Crown Colony ; also, more recently, the doings of Par- liament since the province entered Confederation on July 20th, 1871. Hut it is chiefly to the aspects and prospects of modern Victoria that I would now draw your attention, and a more pleasant subject for comment could scarcely be found throughout all the length and breadth of Canada, the (207) PROVINCIAL ARCIIIVci (•1^ 01* 2. :. c OSA. /lotrt>. ' I 208 THE CANADIAN MAGAZINE. | fl. a. H < « i i. I ■ I ..„ EnWARDS HROS., PHOTOGRAPHERS. VICTORIA — THK yi ICKN Queen City beins^- one of the most ex- rare instances, t^-oes beyond the mod- quisite places in all this beautiful erate limits of 2,1 'i"'' ^o° Fahrenheit. Dominion of which we are the proud As a summer resort for tourists Vic- sons and daug-hters. toria is altot;fether deliq^htful, offering- Sea-girt by the Straits of Juair de capital hotel accommodation, sport of Fuca, and with the snow-capped rangfe every kind, fishing, shooting-, boatingf, of Olympian Mountains lying- to the golf, cricket, tennis, and the most beau- south-west, Victoria is situated on the tiful drives and bicycle rides imagin- edge of a rich agricultural district, able. In this locality, alone in all the where the farms and fields of prosper- vast province of liritish Columbia, are ous settlers evidence what can be done the country lanes and hig-hways in- by the energ^y of men aided by a tem- hedged for miles by thorn and thicket, perate climate ; for be the sky blue where brambles luxuriate, and wild with summer's reflected g-lory, or grey flowers strug-gle for supremacy nith with the clouds of an autumn rain, the trailing vines and upstart weeds. Along thermometer never plays tricks upon such roads, bordered by well-cultivated unwary ranchers, nor, except in very fields, or out past Oak Hav, close to the golf links, where the L sweep of the blue Pacific waters washes up over the rocky boulders that fringe the shore, one mav cvcle or nde for miles ; or, taking some other direction, have a specially attractive goal in view, Cadboro' Bay, Wil- liam's Head, tioldstream. Cedar Hill, and a dozen other equally lovely sub- urbs being- well within the possibility ^^i a pleasant day's excursion. Moating-, too, may be in- THE SEALING FLEET IN VICTORIA IIARHOUR. dulgcd iu Up the gOrgfC, Or _t^^^,^|riH0MPPI^^B ^-^ * •' THE OUEEA CITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA. 209 •ild ith ted to ho lie the if^-e :le 'il- m, en fa- he nt II- I CITY OK KRITISII Cl>Lr.MHlA. two miles to the nortli where, in Es- qiiimalt Harbour, the vessels of Her Majesty's navy lie at anchor, and the surriHuidini;- tbrtiiications tell of the well-defended position of tiiis mas^'nifi- cent naval station. Constitutini;" the western outpost of the Dominion the coast defences are here of special importance ; therefore, besides beinif the headquarters of th Pacific Squadron, detachments o Royal Marine Artillery and Royal Ivn- gineers have been quartered in the bar- racks at Macaulay point, whilst the militia force, under the command of Lieut. -Colonel Cire_L;orv, is an excep- tionally tine corps. The main part of the Queen City is built on the slope o\' a hill at whose foot lies the iiarhour of \'ictoria (as distinct from Ivsquimalt Harbour), where lil the shippin!.^- trade of the port is carried on, and the wharves of the Canadian Pacific Navii^-ation Company, the Hudson's Hay Company, R. P. Rithet iV Co., and others, line the shore. Connected by excellent steamship ser- vices with the Pus^^et Sound ports, as well as Vancouv- er, the Praser River, and Californian ports and Alaskan points, the docks are always busy, the trans- oceanic vessels of the Canadian Pacific line to China and Japan, of the Can- adian Australian route, and of the Northern Pacific S.S. line, all making' Victoria a port of call. It may here be mentioned that the tonnage of the port is amongst the largest in the Do- minion. During the rush to the Klondyke last summer an immense outfitting trade was done by merchan^^in the Queen City, and a great imp^Ps was thereby given to trade This formed the com- mencement of a new era of good times, for Victoria, like her sister cities on the ^\^r ^^YW ~ii| r^L^^^ W^'^^M'^tU sM THREK CHINKSK SAU.OR-HOVS. 155378 ■ aio THE CANADIAN MAGAZINE. w-f ' * I *h » . . '. V M 01 y. Pacific Coast, expenenced for a sea- son a wave of business depression that seriously interfered with commercial development. Now, however, all is once more pro- sperity and proj^^ress in the west, and the lari^'e wholesale trade done in Vic- toria stands on a solid basis. There is an unusually l.-irye proportion of larj^e wholesale houses in the city, as com- pared with the population (some 26,000). The capital which backs these firms is larj^-e and cliiefly local. Enterprises of all kinds have at vari- ous times been established within the city limits, amonj^-st which may be mentioned fruit-preserving, picklin^;- and spice factories, flour, feed and rice mills, boot, shoe and trunk- making, soap and powder works, iron foundries, machine shops, furniture and biscuit factories, and chemical and metallur- gical works ; whilst many of the retail shops in the town would astonish eastern eyes, so favourably C^o they compare with those of Ontario and Quebec centres. Though the coal mines of Nanaimo and Welling^ton are situated about eighty miles from Victoria, a mention <^{ them may fairly be included in this sketch, the industry being chiefly owned by the Dunsmuirs, whose name ;anks high amongst those of the most prominent of Victoria's pi-Mieers. The export from these coal mines last year was valued at $2,445,379. '\y^ the Qui'en City alone belongs, almost exclusively, the sealing indus- tr\ of Hritish Columbia, for, with one or two exceptions, all the sealing ves- sels make Victoria their home port. In t8c)7 the boats brought back a cargo valued at $750,000, of which about $500,000 was the product of Behring Sea. Many fine buildings ornament the city. The new Post Oflice and Custom House built o'i grey stone, the Jubilee Hospital, the Drill Shed, and some of the business '* blocks" are tangible proofs of the stability o{ the place, whilst capital telephone, electric light, and street car services, water-works, sewer- age and other public .systems testify to THE QUEEN CITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA. 21 I the fact that in this community, estab- hsliod on the western '"xtremity of Ca- nadian soil, not only are all the com- forts of civilization obtainable, but the most up-to-date luxuries ail'orded by electricity, steam, and rail are also at the disposal of residents and travellers alike. Victoria is the terminus oi the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway, and of the V^ictoria and Sidney Railway. Of all the public structures, however, that adorn the locality, the new Parlia- mentBuildinj^stands out pre eminently, tribes on the Pacific Coasi There are also a remarkably line Lei,'islative Hall, all the {governmental special depart- ments, a capital cuisine, luncheon rooms and other accessories, — indeed, there is not a finer Provincial House oi Assembly in the Dominion. The location of the building is su- perb, and is the pride of the resi- dents oi Victoria. On a fresh sum- mer morninjj, when the sun is shin- ing- overhead, and the blue waters of James Bay come ripplins^ in at one's 4 ^f^^mm^ HAII.KY IlKOS., I'llOTOOUAl'llKUS. II. M.S. AMPHION IN DRV DOCK AT KSOllMAl I.T. an edifice of s^-reat architectural beauty. It is built of local i,"-rey stone, orna- mented inside with I/feilian marbles, wrous^-ht iron and stained i,'-lass, iin- ished in the native woods of British Columbia, such as alder, cypress, cedar, fir, and bird's-eye maple. It comprises within its walls a splendid Provincial Library and Museum full of excellent specimens of the animal, veg- etable, and mineral kingdoms in Brit- ish Columbia, and curios of the Indian feet, whilst the peaks of the Olympian Mountains jag the line of the horizon against the scintillating sky, flecked here and there with cloud-forms, soft as thistledown, what grander sight can the eye of resident or tourist desire than that magnificent, stern, stone pile, with its softening foreground of green grass lawns, and grass-green trees ? The private residences in the Queen City are very fine indeed, and stand in gardens sweet-smelling with a thou- PROVINCIAL A!-x:!:VZ3 01- 3. C 2 12 THE CANADIAN MAGAZINE. TRUEMAN, PHOTOCRAPIinR. GOVKRNMENT STRKET, VICTORIA. carved and hideous men. Unless the play lasts every night from eight o'clock ui./.l dawn is breaking over the Gulf of Georgia, an infuriated and dis- appointed audience bombards the stage, refusing to be paci- fied until the enter- tainment is contin- ued for another few hours. Here the stores, f o r diversity of wares, could dis- count even the typi- cal "Old Curiosity Shop " of Charles Dickens' imagin- ation, and naturally all the sights that usually characterize the Mongolian quar- ters on the Pacific deities, and a theatre where ' the sand blossoms, where roses grow to perfection, and the oak and the elm tlouri'^h in the land of the pine, the cedar, and the fir. The red brick walls of large and com- fortable mansions, o'er-grown with ivy and westeria, re- mind one oi l''