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RITUAlISM. 
 
 From t/," Frkb Pjjess, Saturday, Idth DecmUr, 1874. 
 
 Jlit'i-llcm being a subject which at 
 presei. is greatly exercising the 
 mind.-, of the public, we think it not 
 out ofj.lace to copy the following 
 r.-sujiii; iroru ilie columus of the New 
 York 'Daily Tribune ' as it relates 
 Bjmewliat to the general b«iarina of 
 the movement in this coiintry. The 
 article 13 from the pen /of a diptin- 
 >.:uishe<l ecclesiastic of f the. Anglican 
 UatLolic (;hurch in Aincirioft': 
 
 Ritu;ili.<^m has bciui a prominent 
 tbeine, hot!i liero iindi across the 
 ■vnter, for over ten years. At Hrst it 
 was regardfift as a questii|n of acclea- 
 mistical aesthetics, beneatti the serious 
 consideration of any, except a few 
 frivolous young Udies and eccentric 
 young clergymen; but phenomena 
 iiavo been appearing in connection 
 with the Kitualisticmovemeut, which 
 .'It first seemed singular, and at last 
 forbade such a supposition. The 
 movement spread as a disturbing 
 element throughout every Episcopal 
 diocese m America. Two successive 
 General Conventions attempted to 
 grapple with it, bin in vain. The one 
 tlioroughly Low Church Diocese of 
 Massachusetts narrowly escaped elect- 
 ing a liituaiist lor its Bishop. Other 
 di-ceseshave elected men to the 
 Jfipiscopate who have been m sym- 
 pathy with the movement. The 
 higheit courtcf judicature in England 
 hnds tiie proloimdest legal acumea 
 arrayed before it on opposite sides of 
 
 the question ; Mr. Gladstone has 
 written an elaborate essay upon it ; 
 ajd at last the Parliament itself of 
 the British Empire, and the General 
 Conventiwi of the entire Amerioaa 
 Episcopal Church, are shaken by the 
 subject. 
 
 It is not for a moment to bo 
 supposed that so staid and respectable 
 a body as the Episcopal Church in 
 America and England should be thus 
 long ami thus thoroughly agitated 
 over a mere ail'air of religious dilot- 
 tanteism, or that so powerful a body 
 should not long since have been able 
 to control and crush out the difBculty, 
 if It merely i.'ivolved the whims of a 
 few eccentric agitators, male and 
 I'emale. Clearly the question is not 
 simply one of candles and the cut and 
 color of ecclesiastical soutanes. 
 Sensible men do not wrangle over 
 such things, nor do middle-aged 
 clergymen willingly sacrifice position 
 and comfort, or pass years of oblKiuv 
 and ridicule for them. Kitualism in 
 the Episcopal Church has bided its 
 time to be understood. If it is not a 
 thing to be respected, it is evidently 
 a thing that is very much feared. 
 Practical people perceive that it is 
 useless tor dignitaries m the Church 
 to say any longer that Kitualism is 
 confined to a half a dozen young 
 clergymen and a few small parishes. 
 Men do not lire broadsides at a 
 butterfly. The fact is, Ritualism has 
 
 ,^ 
 
CO 
 
 gi 'vyn out of and has its roots among 
 undamental things. This account^ 
 lor the evident determination of the 
 men engHged in it, forthedeep feeling 
 that 18 aroused against it, and tor the 
 extraordinary etiorts put forth hy its 
 opponents. The Ititualists claim 
 that they would care little or nothing 
 for Kitualism it it were merely a 
 matter of ..esthetics, and the Anti- 
 Kitua ists admit that were the matter 
 one of taste only, they would raise 
 lew or no objections to it. This clears 
 the matter very much for the public 
 Both parties realize that it is a question 
 whether the Anglican Communion, as 
 a separate body from the Koman. is 
 essentially one with the Greek Church 
 nnf '^'-.^11 t'atholics, or essentially 
 one with the Protestant denomina- 
 lions. 
 
 .Z^y I'^ll^iophy of the present 
 ritualistic dithculties m the Episcopal 
 Church is not a little obscure, and i 
 the origin is somewhat complicated. 1 
 At the time of Ih ..,y Vill. the I 
 Church m England threw olf the 
 authority of the Pope. The Mass was 
 translated into English and the chalice 
 was given to the laity. Subsequently 
 and after alterations running through 
 a century, the Prayer book as it now 
 stands WAS completed. It was taken 
 mainly from ancient and medieval 
 liturgies and oHJces. Meantime there 
 was, however, a party m England 
 who were strongly Protestant iu the 
 Continental sense. An attempt was 
 therefore made by the Church 
 authorities, in compiling the Prayer- 
 •Book, to tone down certain of its 
 pnrases, and to write certain of its 
 articles so that while still expressing 
 the sentiments of those who were in 
 the mam what is called 'Catholic' 
 the Prayer-Book should not at the 
 same time drive off the Protestants. 
 Meantime, on the one hand, Eome 
 
 — -> — '"^ "UD uiiuu xiome 
 made a vigorous effort to regain the 
 Church of England, but failtd ; and 
 Continental Protestantism, on the 
 other hand, strove to acquire it, but 
 failed also. There followed subse- 
 
 quently a long period of coldnoss and 
 deadnoss m the Church, which is 
 known as the (Jporgian era- .lurit..' 
 which rul)rics of the Prayer Book 
 were disregarded, many of Ua 
 doctrines were disbelieved, persons 
 
 I i .1 1^ /°r'*"' ''^^'^ churches and 
 , cathedrals fell into decay ,- out of this 
 state of thing Uhere arose at length 
 a revival of doctrine, which, in the 
 lutualistic movement of to-day, has 
 developed into a revival of spiHtual 
 
 InH .n '• -^ "^^y- ^'- ^"^'^wnaan, Keble. 
 and others, known as the Oxford 
 divines, hnding the Church in their 
 day full of members who were 
 thoroughly Protestant m sentiment, 
 claimed that, notwithstanding this 
 fact, the Prayer Book, as it had been 
 compiled and t anslated from Catholic 
 sources was thoroughly saturated 
 . with Catholicity in its Offices, Liturgy, 
 and Rubrics, and that taught the 
 members of the Church doctrines 
 U^ d'"«rent from what they were 
 holdmg. The Oxford divines claimed 
 that even the XXXIX Articles were 
 80 technically written that while they 
 might seem mdeed to the loose 
 thinker and the careless reader to 
 give a Protestant color to the Church 
 they really and strictly expressed 
 Catholicity, and Catholicity only; 
 that for instance, the XX I Id Article 
 had been so carefully worded as not 
 to protest against the Early o'hurch 
 doctrines of Purgatory, Invocation 
 of faints, and Adoration of Images 
 and Relics, but only against the 
 Komish doctrines concerning" those 
 things; that, as the prayers and 
 Ofhces were taken from Catholic 
 sources, and were therefore, as they 
 expressed it, Catholic, though not 
 Roman,' tne Articles must be inter- 
 preted m the same sense. They 
 claimed that Baptismal Regeneration 
 was taught m the OtKces for Baptism ; 
 that the Eucharistic Oiiice, the 
 tne Catechism, and the Articles 
 taught the Real Objective Presence 
 of Christ on the Altar; that the 
 Homihes taught in so many words 
 
 d ^^s^ 
 
I'iod of cDlilnessand 
 Church, willed la 
 oriiian era- (lurinj; 
 the Prayer Book 
 'fl, many of its 
 lisbolieved, persons 
 and churches and 
 
 decay ,- out of this 
 ve arose at length 
 ine, which, in the 
 ent of to-day, has 
 revival of spiritual 
 )r. Newman, Keble, 
 ^n as the Oxford 
 e Church in their 
 mbers who were 
 tant m sentiment, 
 twiths landing this 
 'ok, as it had been 
 ilated from Catholic 
 •roughly saturated 
 its Offices, Liturgy, 
 
 that taught the 
 Church doctrines 
 what they were 
 ^rd divines claimed 
 ^IX Articles were 
 9n that while they 
 'd to the lOose 
 areless reader to 
 lor to the Church, 
 -nctly expressed 
 Jatholicity only : 
 lie XX [Id Article 
 y worded as not 
 he Early church 
 3i'y, invocation 
 ation of Images 
 Qly against the 
 •ncerning" those 
 le prayers and 
 
 1 from Catholic 
 eretore, as they 
 'he, though not 
 
 must be inter- 
 I sense. They 
 al Kegeneration 
 ces for Baptism ; 
 ic OiHce, the 
 i the Articles 
 jctive Fresence 
 
 Itar; that the 
 J many words 
 
 that rrosence was ' under the forms 
 of bread and wine :' that the Euchar- 
 istic Office and the Office for the 
 Vwitationof the Sick taught Auricular 
 Confession, and that the formularies 
 of the Church recognised the five 
 ' lesser fc^acramenta ' of Confirmation, 
 Penance (Orders, Matrimony, and 
 Extreme TTnction, authorized prayers 
 for the Faithful Departed, and did 
 not prohibit the Invocation of Siints. 
 It is now over forty yeirs slnse this 
 revival of what were thus claimed to 
 bo the doctrines of the Prayer Book 
 began. And as the Ojcford school of 
 thought has been recognised as one 
 of the fiermitted schools of thought 
 in the English Church, its doctrines 
 have been spreading and taking root 
 ever since throughout the Anglican j 
 Communion on both sides of the I 
 water. It is to this doctrinal soil I 
 that the sturdy and troublesome forest i 
 of Ritualism has its roots. j 
 
 .'ii its outward aspect the Kitualis- i 
 tic movement seems to be confined I 
 mainly to a development of the i 
 ceremonial of the altar; in candles, 
 to symbolize and teach that lie is 
 objectively present there. Who is the i 
 Light of the World ; in genuflections ! 
 and other adorations, because He ! 
 that IS so present in special sense is \ 
 God as well as Man ; m Eucharistic I 
 vestments (consisting of amice, alb, 
 girdle, maniple, stole and chasuble, 
 which can only be worn by a priest) 
 because the great function of the 
 altar is distinct from and higher than 
 the choir offices of Morning and 
 Evening Prayer, which are said simply 
 in the surplice, a garment that can 
 be worn even by organists, choristers 
 and other laymen; m flowers and 
 incense, as a further expression of the 
 i9ahty of His presence to whom the 
 Magi bore incense : in the elevation 
 of the sacred elements, and m the 
 use of water-bread, and of the mixed 
 chalice. 
 
 Such is Ritualism in its outward 
 aspect to the casual observer, and it 
 would seem to him to be useless to 
 
 attempt to suppress it, while its 
 potentcause, namely,the doctrines of 
 the Real Objective Presence, of which 
 It IS merely the expression, remains 
 untouched or permitted. Hat this is 
 not all. The Ritualistic or Catholic 
 movement, as it is called, involves 
 j much beside the outward ceremonial 
 i of the Altar, It involves th» revival 
 of voluntary confession, of Sisterhoods 
 and Brotherhoods, of Missions, of 
 Retreats, of the Practices of Medita- 
 tion and Contemplation, of frequent 
 olionngs of the 'Sacrifice of the 
 Altar,' of Spiritual Communions, and 
 of frequent and fasting Sacramental 
 Communions, of the bringing out of 
 the Eucharistic Service instead of 
 -Morning Prayer as the main service 
 on Sunday forenoon, and, in general, 
 arevivalof ascetic and moral Iheology 
 and of the Spiritual Life. Further! 
 more, it looks to a reunion, first with 
 the Greek Church and with the Old 
 I Catholics, and eventually of jill 
 ! Christendom, on the basis of the 
 j Apostolic Succession, 
 
 Catholic sacraments, 
 I Creed and the lirst 
 i Councils. 
 
 j 'J/,' saysthe Ritualists, or'Catholics' 
 
 j as they prefer to be called, • the Lord 
 
 I being present on the Roman altar it 
 
 j IS right for the Roman Catholics 'in 
 
 I their own eyes and in the eyes of a 
 
 i justifying world to surround His 
 
 I throne with an expressive ritual, and 
 
 : It the Lord being present on the Greek 
 
 I altar, it is right for the Greek Church- 
 
 I men in their own eyes and in the 
 
 ! eyes of a justifying world to surround 
 
 their altar also with a gorgeous ritual 
 
 then on what principle can the 
 
 Anglican Churchman be considered 
 
 ridiculous or puerile for having -i 
 
 similar ritual, so long as the Prayer 
 
 Book asserts what we declare it 
 
 asserts, namely, the same Real 
 
 )b]eciive i'resence m the An" 
 
 Iican altar tJiat is oa tha Koman 
 
 and the Greek !■ • N'ay. further,' they 
 
 say, ' the Prayer Book of the En^dish 
 
 t-^hurch expressly comtaands the very 
 
 the seven 
 the Kicene 
 six (icueral 
 
4 
 
 ritual we use, in the following rubric, 
 namely : < And here it is to be noted 
 tDat 8ucb ornaments of the church 
 and of the mmisters thereol, at all 
 times of their ministration, shall be 
 retained and be in u^e as were in this 
 Church of England, by the authority 
 of Parliament in the second year of 
 King Edward the Sixth.' 
 
 The opposite party, of course, deny 
 that Baptismal Kegeneration and the 
 Real Objective Presence are doctrines 
 of their church ; and petitions are 
 presented to the Convention now in 
 session asking that'tbe Prayer Book 
 be so altered as either not to express 
 such doctrines, or at least to permit 
 others to be held also. It seems, 
 therefore, that so long as the Prayer 
 Book stands, either expressing the 
 doctrine ot the Real Presence, or at 
 any rate permitting it to beheld, there 
 must be trouble in the Episcopal 
 Church. The battle about Ritualism 
 m the present Convention is a battle 
 raging about mere outposts ; but the 
 true objective point is the citadel 
 itself, where rests the doctrine which 
 the ' Catholics ' assert and the 
 Protestant party deny. When the 
 Anglican Church so detines what she 
 teaches as that there can he no two 
 opinions about the matter, then, and 
 it would seem not till then, will there 
 be quiet within her borders. For the 
 reason of the present difficulty that 
 afflicts her lies in the fact that in the 
 days of the Reformation, while taking 
 her Prayer Book from CathoKc 
 sources and recommending to her 
 children the Catholic doctrines of the 
 Early Uhurch, she yet so phrased 
 much of her language as to^give, if 
 possible, nooflence to the Protestants 
 of the Continental typo, and to retain 
 as many of them among her children 
 as possible. Indeed, there has been 
 war between the two parties from 
 that day to this. 
 
 RitUMlibiu proper made its first 
 apps^arance in this country 32 years 
 ago. It IS generally supposed that 
 iSt. Alban'a, lu this city, was the iirst 
 
 church in which it appeared. This, 
 the Rit'ialiste claim, is an error. Its 
 manifestations began on this side of 
 the water about the year 1842, in 
 Trinity Church, on the island of 
 Nantucket, in the Diocese of 
 Massachusetts. That Church was at 
 the time under the rectorship of the 
 Rev. Frederic W. L. Pollard, who had 
 been graduated from the Qeneral 
 Theological Seminary in this city. 
 From tiles of the local paper of the 
 town of Nantucket it is ascertained 
 that young Pollard, who adhered to 
 the principles of the Oxford tracts, 
 was the first to carry out those 
 principles into their ritual aspect. 
 He caused the holy table of his 
 church to be replaced by an altar, 
 which he erected on three steps. 
 In the sanctuary he placed acreden«^d 
 and fald-stool. On his altar were tT?o 
 candlesticks, and between them an 
 oil painting of the Blessed Virgin and 
 C;hild. He used wafer- bread, intro- 
 duced the mixed chalice, practiced 
 the elevation of the sacred species 
 after consecration, was served at his 
 altar by a boy, stood in front instead 
 of at the end of the altar during the 
 whole eucharistic service, read the 
 Epistle and Gospel from their res- 
 pective stations, taught the use of 
 the Cross, wore a short lace surplice, 
 introduced the houaeling cloth, 
 reserved the Eucharist, and taught 
 eucharistic adoration. He was, 
 however, called away from Nantucket 
 to become the assistant cf Dr. 
 Crosswell, at that time Rector of the 
 Church of the Advent, in Boston. 
 Trinity Church, Nantucket, was 
 destroyed in a great fire at that place 
 in 1816, and the Ritualistic practices 
 disappeared from the town, only to 
 reappear there six years ago. 
 
 DEVELOl'MENT OF KITUALISM 
 
 Meantime there was a lull in Rit- 
 ualism until about ten years since, 
 when it broke out afiesh lu St. 
 Alban's Church, New York. It was 
 not long before it made its r.ppearanco 
 also m Christ Church, Fifth-ave.; but 
 
in a niiliier form than at St. Alban's. 
 Tiout)le arose m tlm parish, the rector 
 (the Kev. Dr. Jv.vt ) rpsigned, anil a 
 new rector wlio w >a not a Ifiluulist 
 (the Uov. Dr. Tliomii--on) was calleil. 
 Meimtime the punsh h.rl however 
 become 80 accumomeil to t. retuhli*, 
 altar cross and (lowers, to iho culoreil 
 altur vestments, the boy cliow, and 
 the >;ms jots at each end ol" the altar, 
 which ha<l been iiilroiluced under 
 the I'onnor rt-ctor, th:it I hey were 
 retained; wl.ilo the two lights on the 
 altar, the euciiiiriHtic vesiiuentn, and 
 other ruujilislio I'ealurea were abol- 
 ished. The early and ticiiuent 
 eucharititu, too, were retained lor a 
 while, but they also fell intodi.-iuso. 
 The third church where Kiluaiism 
 came out, and this time in Us lull anii 
 vigorous life, was St. Mary the \'ir- 
 gin's. Meantime, the eucharistic 
 cross and candles, unligbted, appear- 
 ed on the altar of Zion Church. The 
 altars cross with tlowers on each side, 
 or the alter cross alone appeared at 
 otherchurches; for instance. Si. Ann's 
 the Heavenly Uest, and St. John's 
 wuile at the TransUguration. ''The 
 Little Church Around the Corner," 
 which, by the way is one of the most 
 capacious and popular churches in 
 the city, all these and other litualis- 
 tic features, including the lighted 
 candles, made their appearance. 
 Meantime, too, old Trinity and Trinity 
 Chapel slowly and quietly tiled into 
 the Ritualistic line; the euch^vstic 
 vestments were intioduced b' i it 
 the church and at the chapel; u , the 
 chapel, the purification of the sacied 
 vesselb at the close of the Communion, 
 tde singing of the Benedictus before 
 the Conseciation, a lighted corona 
 over and m front of the altar at the 
 time of the eucharistis sacritice, the 
 Ivituahstic retable, with altar cross 
 and liowers on each side, were adopt- 
 ed; and .at Trinity Church nppeartd 
 standards with many lighted candh s 
 at each end of the altar, and the two 
 eucharistic lighted candles upon the 
 altar itseifjWitb altar cross and flowers. 
 
 About this time St. Ignatiu^.'s Church 
 was or^'ini/.'id, standing in ritual juat 
 abovft Trinity Church and just below 
 St. Mary the Virgin's. While all 
 this was going on. other churches 
 and cinpels ventured the retal)le, 
 cross and flowers; until the Eiiiscopal 
 Churches in New-Vorlc shade ui), 
 through almost imperceptible de- 
 (jrees, from tliH anti- ritual churches, 
 such as Ascension, and St. George's, 
 through th'ise tlial have ailopteU 
 some only ot the ritualistic features, 
 f^uoh as .St, Ann's, tit. Chrysostom's, 
 Heavenly Rest, and St. .lohns and so 
 on up through Tiinity Chipel, Tran- 
 stiguralion, Holy Communion, Trinity 
 Church, Ignatius's, and St. Mary's 
 even to St. Al ban's at the top. The 
 main ritualistic features at Trinity 
 Church and chupel and the Translig- 
 uralion have been specified. To 
 these St ignatius's adds the use of a 
 proces.sional cross, reverences, the 
 sign of the cross, and the purilication 
 of the jiriests finger.^ before he cele- 
 brates; It furthermore adds to the 
 white and black stoles as adopted 
 elsewhere, the use also of the purple 
 and green stolea fur the Lenten and 
 Trinity seasons. St. Mary's which is 
 the degree above St. Ignatius's adds 
 still further the use of red cassocks 
 and the lighting ol additional candles 
 at the morning consecration and at 
 the evening magnificat; while St. 
 Alban's at the top, adds the use of 
 the viretta (or priest's cap), the 
 occasional use of the cape, and of 
 colored instead of white vestments, 
 also of incense once or twice a year. 
 
 Simultaneously with the abo\?o, 
 the ritualistic revival was going on 
 elsewhere than in New York. Only 
 a few noted examples throuthout 
 the country can be mentioned. In 
 ;\[a8sachusett8, the prominent 
 Churches of the Messiah and Advent, 
 Boston; the smaller churches at 
 Brighton and rviEtucket;at Plymouth, 
 ali^o, there has been trouble; at St. 
 Stephen's Providence, there w.as a 
 Ritual development, but the rector 
 
6 
 
 WH8 compelled, miiiily on acooimt of 
 It, to ienigTi, iind NO the matter bus 
 l)eon RtO|)i)eil th«>rp; St. .lohn's E;ist 
 Ifariford, mid, with rilii.il in mildof 
 form, the Incinnlloii, lliirli'oid: the 
 IIouBOot rniyei- iind nnico Cliuicli, 
 Newark, iin<l, with ritu.il m niildar 
 lorm, other Mu:ill','r churclios in the 
 vicinity of lh;it city; M. Cleinenfa 
 ••md, in juilder from, St. Miirli'n 
 (prominent churches), i.iid St, .himes 
 the LesH (n sninller imn h), I'lul.idel- 
 l)hia; Mount Cilvary. St. I'aul'H, and 
 St l.uke'H (larfc'o diurches) in Kaiti- 
 nioro; AHcenslon (small) utid, in 
 milder form, the Cathcdial, Chicago 
 etc. ' 
 
 The cireer of the movement in its 
 outward develoiiment .■-eems to be 
 this: A few of the Ijolder and more 
 determined rectora or parithe.-} lead 
 of! I.y adopting, lor inhtance,aiotalde, 
 with alt;ir ciods and Howv.*r.s. The 
 hattle rages for i\ lime around thRso. 
 When they are won, and the hattle 
 i:i over and all is (juiet, the next .-^tcp 
 IS for the Hamo relators or parishes to 
 adopt, say, altar candles, or the 
 eucharistio vestments. The battle 
 rise.s again, and while the noise, and 
 cor.fuMon and attention are centered 
 ahout the new (luostlon of caudles or 
 vestments, other rectors and 
 churches, which have kept out of 
 the tight and preserved tlu, ir reputa- 
 tion <XH non-rUualiftt!c,(^uietly I'dv^mce 
 and occupy the territory already 
 won, hy adopting with lit'tle or no 
 opposition the altar croys, or retable, 
 cro.ss and iiowers. Thus it has hajj- 
 peneil ttiat white the three churches, ' 
 St. Al ban's, St. Mary's, and St. ! 
 Ignatiirs's are out at the front where 
 the thick of the stiugglo is, and 
 unavoidably entering attention upon 
 thems^elves, other churches "are 
 'luietly and cautioudy following up 
 in the rear into tenitory which the 
 
 confusion of the ailvancing bittle 
 lias swept over and left behind. 
 There is also what nKty be called a 
 literal (spread of Jiituali^m. For it 
 make;; its appearance and secures its 
 
 Htron«hoIdH (ird in the larger cition; 
 and thnnoo it spre ids in its gradu'illy 
 developing degrees out thnmgh the 
 smaller towns, which lean for tht>U' 
 luitliority on the usages to he fouiul 
 in the larger places. 
 
 U'hilo all this is going on, Anglican 
 Sisterhoods st.nt into hein'j and 
 flourish m Xev/ York, Bo-ton. and 
 Hilimorc; retreils for the clergv 
 t;ike placrt m I!ri(b;..port, an(i for tho 
 I'lity lit, St. U'uitius 3, New York; 
 blessed psalms, on i'alin Sunday, the 
 Three llouri' Agony Service on (lood 
 '•'liday, and tho .Midnight Ma.s on 
 (.'tin.tmaa ovo, aro said to arow more 
 and moro popular, rublio medita- 
 tion are given in Lent t.t St. Ignatius's. 
 New York; th'> Advent, Boston; 
 ;\rount Calvary, JJaltimore, and Christ 
 (-"hurch. Detroit. A mission h about 
 to be preached by tiie Cowley Fiithers 
 at St. Clement's, Thiladolj.hia. .More 
 and mora penitents throng the epi- 
 .«copal confessional, one rector alone 
 having heanl ever lOO confessions 
 during tho iiivl threo days of fist 
 Holy Week and botveen GnO and TOO 
 during the year, the confessions being 
 divided t.etween women and men, 
 in about the ju'oportion of lU men to 
 ■>l women. It s.'iould be remarked 
 hero that for a twelvemonth or so 
 p.uit no new ritu ilisttc feature bet.tde3 
 those specified above has been devel- 
 oped to cause alarm and disturbance, 
 and that there has been therefore a 
 lull in this respect, ixading men m 
 tho movement vtate, indeed, that m 
 , Us mere ritual aspect tho movement 
 I came to its culmination some tano 
 ! ago. hi au.-wer to a Bishop who 
 asked the (juestion m reference to 
 Kitual developments. 'Where aro 
 , you going:' one of the prominent 
 yiituahsts replied, 'ily dear father, 
 ; wo have got there; we arrived sonio 
 time fince. And now wo have got 
 the tools, we fire hard at work, every 
 one of us, lighting sio, and laboring 
 to build up the spiritual life in those 
 intiusteil to our care, and in as many 
 other.s as v?e can get hold of.' It 
 
Bocmi that among tho moms Ur.o>l to 
 thin end ureieticuts, extoiiiiioiiiiiPCMH 
 nenuoiH, jiublid 'me'iitiiiorH, mU- 
 Hioii (or iHviv.J) HennoiH, tind 
 HPivico.'j, liuuiliir 'instmoiion.^' t'iven 
 by tho {)ii«>st walking up and down 
 tho aisle among his jn'Ople, wiiii 
 imrhapa an occasional cxieinooran- 
 «or..-< prayer and a hymn. I'rivate 
 instructions in self-examinaliou, and 
 tho aits olinivito meditation and 
 contemidalion, rrpijuent use oC tho 
 hacrament and of npiritual comimiii- 
 ion, confe&bion and alMolution (or 
 hiji'dened consciencos.and tho gather- 
 ing of the awakoned into contratern- 
 ities tor prayer and guiidd for work. 
 
 In i'^ngland, alter a regular service, 
 with iierhaps a revival sermon, an 
 inany of tlie congregation aa can ho 
 induced to do so are gathered into a 
 room in the 'Parish Building,' imd 
 liere, with Lrief, hearty and informal 
 service and addresses, the clergy and 
 Bomo of the mora earnest huty go 
 round among the people, converging 
 privately with one and another ou 
 the condition or their souLs, encourag- j 
 mg and oflering assistance. Ua 
 Good Fridays and at other times some ' 
 guild of the parish, with tho vested i 
 choristers and vested clergy, mircb : 
 out of the church in procession with ' 
 banners, and pass through the streets ! 
 singing. Uccassionally all will halt , 
 at some corner, and one of the priests 
 will mount a box or barrel and ^ 
 harangue from his staudpoint. After 
 a crowd of the poor and of others are 
 thus gathered by curiositv, the pro- 
 cctisioa will go i)ack to the church 
 EingiDg ail the way and leading the 
 gathere(i crowd in, when a service 
 with rousing sermon will coir.o olf 
 and then follows the scattering of the 
 clergy and luoro earnest laiiy down 
 among the congregation to confer 
 with them individually. An Ameri- 
 can Bishop while in Jingland asked 
 the Bishop of London why he did 
 not put a stop to these ritualistic 
 street processions. 'My dear brother, ' 
 was tho reply, with tears in his eyes, 
 
 , 'tho.io men seem to bo the only men 
 J amon;; my clergy who leili/o that 
 ! tho poor have souls to savo.' The 
 chuitibl.' works iii; dm t ikea by the-o 
 rcviv dists ill Hugl mi arti too nuiuer- 
 our t) riientioti; tliey cun->ist of 
 8(jh()oI-i, workingmens clubs, reading 
 rooms, hospitals, triiniug scliooU for 
 nurses, orphan homes, convalescent 
 retreats, creches, homos for Magdal- 
 ens, «fec. There is one sisterhood to 
 which any family in J:nglanil, however 
 poor, can in case of jtestilenco or 
 severe sickness send for a nurse. 
 'Ihis IS an inestimable benefit in a 
 case where a poor mother is striken 
 with illne^js, as in that case the nurse 
 will often be found taking care ol the 
 cooking and other household duties 
 and of the littlo children, a bal)y 
 i)ossibly among them, as well as of 
 the sick mother. 
 
 As the 'Catholic' movement has 
 gone on there have been sevoral 
 serious controversies in connection 
 with it; for instance, the trial of the 
 I Hev. Mr. Cheney in Chicago and his 
 I deposition from tne ministry by the 
 late Bishop Whitehouse; the ditliculty 
 I between ]J" ui Seymour and ex-Dean 
 I tbrbes in the (Mineral Theological 
 : Seminary; the ditiiculty preceding the 
 election ot the late Dr. .Muhan to 
 the Divinity TrofesBorship iu tho 
 same Seminary; and the recent con- 
 troversy in Wisconsin when Dr: De- 
 ; Koven was a candidate lor the 
 iipiscope of that Diocese. These 
 troubles were not, however on account 
 of Kitualisu Itself, but they closed 
 rather around doctrinal points which 
 are intimately and perhaps logically 
 connected with tho Kitulaism that 
 had been developed elsewhere. 
 
 The trouble in connection with yiv. 
 Cheney was with regard to baptismal 
 regeneration; that in connection 
 with Dr. Mahan was confession, and 
 with Dr. De Koven was the real 
 presence and uncharistic adoration. 
 As the ritaalistic wave has swelled, 
 risen, and stubbornly swept on, so the 
 wave of Oi)position has, especially m 
 
8 
 
 tlio Infsf; thrco years, gathered ila 
 elements and mounted threateningly 
 over against it. It was well under- 
 stood by both parties that the meeting 
 of the two would take place at the 
 present General Convention, where 
 the Waterloo stru^-gle would takrt 
 place. And as Bometimes a few 
 chance shots at the front will bring 
 on prematurely a general engage- 
 ment, so, as nearly as can be ascer- 
 
 tained now that Ihe Lower Ilonse is 
 sitting with closed doors, the question 
 of the confirmction of Dr. Seymour 
 to the Illinois Episcopate has pre^ 
 maturely brought on the general 
 engagement in that House. This 
 accounts for the prolonged gecret 
 wession. The air of course will be 
 clearer when the battle is over and 
 the ecclesiastical times calmer. 
 
 IIIEE l'lif«H STKAAf I'UINTI.NO IlOlSi:, KUUS STISKKT, OTI'.AWA. 
 
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 This 
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