\ ' v> "■«* I 1^1^ .«. *1* '♦*,■; i IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) / / -^ 1.0 L£J2.8 ISO ■■^ I.I 140 2.5 2.2 2.0 11:25 i 1.4 I MHi m 1.6 ^ ^ ,.^^, ^ NS5 i\ .a- Scfences . Corporalion 73 WCST MAIN STREET ^ WEBSTER, N.Y. 14SS0 (71«) 872-4S03* '<^ -1 // « ,/ ... f/i >' *+ CIHM Microfiche Series (IMonographs) ICIWH Collection de microfiches (monographles) Canadian Institute for Historical Microraproductions / Institut Canadian da microraproductions historiquas r Ttchnical and Bibliographic Notes / Notas techniques et bibiiogra|>hiques The to tl The Institute has attempted to obttin the bast original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may altar any of the images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, ar* checked below. D D D n D n Coloured covers/ Couverture de couleur ' Covers damaged/ Couverture endommagte Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture restaurie et/ou pelliculia Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque Coloured maps/ Cartes gAographiques en couleur Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or Mack)/ Encre de couleur (i.e. autre qua blaua ou noire) ft Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material/ Relie avec d'autres documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La reliure serrte peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distorsion le long de la marge int^ieura Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the^text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches aiout4es lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cela itait possible, ces pages n'ont pas M f ilmtes. Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplementaires: This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est f ilme au taux de rMuction indiqui ci-destous. t O »-^- "-- H X^ - -^ -^ L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exempfiire qu'il lui a hxh possible de se procurer,, {^es details de cet exemplaire qui sont peut4tre uniques du point de vue bibliograp^ique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite. ou qui peuyent exiger une modification dans la mithode normale de filmage sont indiqufa^ ci-dessous. □ Coloured pages/ Pa^es de couleur Pages damaged/ Pages endommagtes jRJii □ Pages restored and/or lamirta|ed/ Pages restaurtes et/ou pellicultes Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages dteolories, tacheties ou piquees The pos) of tl film Orig begi the sion othc first sion or ii U ^\ Pages detached/ \^L-1 Pages d«tach«es 0Showthrough/ Transparence * n n Quality of print varies/ Qualite in^le de I'impression ' Continuous pagination/ Pagination continue Includes index(es)/ Comprend un (des) irtdex Title on header taken from: / Le titre'de I'en-tCte provient: Title page of issue/ Page de titre de la livraison Caption of issue/ Titre de depart de la livraison Masthead/ Generique (periodiques) de la livraison The shal TINI whi( Map diffc entii beg! righi requ metl % ax^ =W5f- T7" J 12X -30T 16X 20X 24 X 28X 32 X ^ 4" rue The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanks to the generosity of: Harold Campbell Vaughan Memorjpl Library /|kc«dia University The images appearing here are the bast quality possible considering the condition an.d legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications. \ Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. AH other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a pj-inted or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated.impressiOn. ' L'exemplaire film6 fut reproduit grAce A la gAn6rosit4 de: Harold Campbell Vauriian Memorial Library Acadia University •, Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et de la nettet6 de rexemplaire filmi, et en cdnformitA avec lOs conditions du contrat de filmage. Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprimAe sont film6s en commenpant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la dernidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustratiori, soit par le second plat, salon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont fihnis en commenpant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la derniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol ^^- (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. ^ Un des symboles suivants apparaltra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole — ► signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc.. may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre film6s A des taux de reduction diffArents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en unseui clichA, 11 est filmA A partir de Tangle sup^Mur gauche, de gaUche A droite. et dp haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 'a. 1 2 3 .'.-«-» ■t-: 1 □ 32 X 6 :^'t H n .0: * t ii-il '^, ■*-''-#x''»#M" ^ . 4 ■ H ■i* Vv-' Jfi^^ f .1, • HISTORY t4 '^^.%irj or «* ipaaiB Sjiii'a^A® B£tWEEN THB riTED STATES AND GREAT BRITAIN. ■" • 1 --J^' n ni * .% '9 . 7.5 ; -s -^ * - -^ coNTinmro -* MIJ\rUTE ACeoUJ^ OF tat TABIOCS lUVSTBins WITH IXATU. ''Is,-'*-. I '» -^r^.- ^r. Third Editkin, BJILTIMORE: i'UBLBHED AND SOLD W CUSHIKG & JEWETT, WO. 6, n, howard-strUkt. * • •f- Bebifum, Printer. 1817. ■•' : „___, „.^,_„_„_ . ^ .. >^ ikm »»— > :^ • W f irf fc ■-■'■■ /. '&^^^M^ 'Wi' DlSTRti^TOF MaKTIAITI), M. Bfi n' REMEMnERED, That on tUs Twentieth dnvof Janoarr yMn iiii . •" the J-oity-fim year of the Independence of the United I 8«AL. i ot^te'of-Amtnc^ Joseph dishing, of the ^aid Di8tn«t,hath iw.^f^PT'-^'^'*'"*'!"""^'**'"^ ''"«-''"■»»«'*, the right ,,.hepeof .!uZ: ''? "L*"?" *" VrP"^'*"" ' '» l''« *■«"'« folloMing, to wit - . . Hwjory of the Late War, between the United States and Great Bn" tain -T-Containing a minute i^coant of the varipus Military and Naval Opei-ations— Illustrated with PlateT— By H. M. Bi-ackenrid* Esq " In conforniity to the aot ()f the Congress of the United States. enthJed. "Anactfor'the encouragemont of learning, by securing the copies rf nwps, charts and books, to Uie auUiors and proprietors of such copies dur- •ng Uie times thcmn mentioned." And also to the act, enUtle£«j^li(^Miik.f 'i* ri^> IV CONTENTS. Ball. *^<"ey..rhe siege raised.. Exploit of wljoi P*ge9a CHAPTER VII. Taking of FonGeorge-Bittle ofSnn' '"^^ *1^''^ °*" P*«-- of gt^neraU Chandler^^and w Jde^ S^^.^reA, and capture Sackett's H»rbour_I»Mr«iatn„ «f ^""^j?n>wn defends town of Sodas attacked-Stlu" f ^if^n"** t>earbome-The taking or Vork-Br-S de^Ste°'th*^^bfrS'- ^Zf^^"^ plam-Cnuse of commodore Chauncey pj^ uS ■« CHAPTER VIII. town ^^TKdtrkkuSm Al2,^S^^-^''P'''t<'fGc<>nt. »™ ...don. ., cci'sr«°'H2s,f.-5.r^,«jirs,:! Page I4a CHAPTER IX. The Enterprize KresSie Bofc??P'"^^ ^^^us.. Porter in the South Se7&-imf,.7^'"'"^^ °* commodore Of captain ^i^^^^Jri^^'^.t^J^r,?^'^ Rodgers.. Decatur captures the DomSl *°"*^ Armstrongw-The Page. 165 CHAPTER X. *l^^ ^ ■ ' ' !■ ih'-* 'W 1% h%.l' V^ ■:i-: im ; « M^^^ ^' ^■-r* ^\ ^.•: ^ ft'-*:. CONTENTS. ' CHAPTER XI. ^^J^a ^„^ ^^"^'"f Can«l«-^encral Wilkinson tdc«s com- iiund-RendP«r»t«^-Pail"^e of the eipedition- Svf^ .^1°'"?'°'^°'* Chauncey-The burning of Newark-. British retaliatioB, «^ Page^l^ CHAPtER XII. * " **for'!Ifr^-^°"*^.l''' *"^ Violence of party spirit-Measure. EL^!nT"»^r the war-Unfriendly deportment of the New En^and states-The subject qf retaliation-A committee of congress uiquires mto the manner in which the war has been Sed Sutel "^ ^^^-^y-''^- W^ gaining grou^ i„ th, CHAPTER XIH. The Southern war-Massacre of fort Mims-Bxpedition of general Jacksoft, and general Gbcke— Battle of TsfledeM— • Indians surprised by^general Oscke— Expedition of reiMral Floyd— Critical s ituation, of general JacksoBH-Dettit of the" Ind.ans-The Creeks touily defeated at tlie HorsStoe-bend . .General Jackson ternflnates the Creek war, and dicUtes a ^P^^' P«ge2» )t'- CHAPTER XIV. t^ ?iL^K '^" ^^^ *° PUttsburg-Gen. Brown marches ^n.^1 ^^?°"'1'~'^^'^ «^ ^ CoHe-Exertions of ^ commddore M«Dohou,|ii to create a naval force-Cont«j4t for superiorly on Lake Ontario-Attack of Oswegi^Death of colonel Forsythe-ColoiieJ Campbell's expeditCSlUnt defenceof captain Holmes-^ribu. crisis in the Sa^f oS affairs-Commodore Hardy ii^ades the northern b^^T, Takes possession of EastDorVand Castine. .Gallant defence of Stonmgton..The John Aaahis destroyed. R^^J* CHAPTER XV. ^t^fiil^i^^"*^^*^* Pl«itagenet U, decline, a contest with v commodore Rodgers-CapUun Stewart chases a British fri- f;!LTK»'r^ force-Crmze of commodore Porter .Typee war-The Essex captured by the Photbe and CherufeJlS 'Mi: #/ ,<*,*. *'< : .:m- ■ <:\- CONTENTS. ■■-tf^'' -^ssn?^s^.^^s .:-■ » F»ge851 Hornet captureg the Penguin. CHAPTER XVI. "teETelBlttVo^Jh w'^ ''^'P"-" ''">"*^"- C.pt«re of "Sortie «pbn the Rr^.i. u ^"^'f^rAssaurt upon Fort Eriaf- CHAPTER XVII. '^B..j;?flouiriftie'^'£S: '^I'^^r -^ --^ «-» ti8h-^«sh',njrton and n.lt?^ '^^u ~^*""*^"'"ff« o*" *»»€ Bri- -PP«mted to ?o°:;iTTSS 'SlSS' t?"""' "^'"k*^" 8ions from the Britiih— ni«^. T«- ■ T^*''°"' aPP«hen. force for defen^anTu^ nf Iv"k" '^«"^.<=ti"fir «» efficient Alexandria. ^""^ °^ Wa8h,ngton-The plunder of »_ Page 298 CHAPTER XVni. '*±tn"L&.'Efec^^^^^^ - Ku^pe GloriousifenieofStrmoi. TK 'I ^''^ ^"''''^ StatesV! CHAPTER ilX. j.™.. .Affl.i„ or ,hJ^„'.K?,'"Si; '",••'"»» "f Lo«- ^* '%:^^ H-i^i- ■C\ /■i- » J p& t' It It '^ ■> ft -k^ tff I.#li ...^n-t'if^-m'* .?^^ INTRODUCTION. selfish. amongst the numerous artifices, which to retain teL^f'T f"'''"^ '" P"'^*'^^' "'« better ^^' ' intui;j"orfa:±7j„t; „rk:^^^^ -^ The self afirio^ «i„*u ™'V"®CK8 the yoke of conouesh nitie, that have be°roCd^Sl|r """""S «•' '-liS: It IS time that this shallow arflSce shmlH u „„ j It has e„coara«d the nations of Europe tL ^ST^' a\isi'aSs7itA^.ttroi, tt -^^^ .. '''»ft«Fivil.ges,f a,.st.,P.ftJej'ife:,''rX: "f ■jfc^.- 1 ,7- , II ii^^Mmiltiilr'TiVfi III! II • ' 'u^^^Bmtllk.^it^\ '#^ - ■' :i 1 1. 'It ■ r ■ { d ; - 'iv INTRODUCTION. ■-»- »■■■ iC-JS So tion for the exile, or the land which received liim. strongly has thiji^ fiction faatefced itself upon all our thoughts, that it has become necMsarjr to make an effort to shake it off, and retura to simple truth. Are the pre- sent inhabitants of the British isles, the fathers, orma- thers of the Americans ? Are they brothers, or cousins, .or tenth cousins ? No : We^prang from th^; game stock, have a common ancestry, and that is all. \Ve have as much right to claim a parental prerogative over 1^1 ish- men, as they have to claim it «w situation, and after they had thus gro;vn up in ne- - gleet, and become possessed of what might tempt thfe cu- pidity of the European mother, she assumed the arbitra- ry power of «< binding them in all cases whatsoever," in other words, she declared, them in a state of vassallage. In leaving the land of our forefathers, already crowded with population, our condition was improved, at the same time that a correspondent benefit accrued to the mother country, in the creation of new marts for her trade. We carried with us the language, the laws, the literature, the « free born thoughts,? 6t our ancestofti^^ to which we were as much entitled as the islanders whom we left in.possessioqof the natale solum. We left be- hind, indeed, many customs and institutions, not suited to our new situation, or which we considered as -wseless. Admitting that th6 infancy of tlie colonies was protected by the Eirropean state ; does this create a debt of gratt-^ tude never to be repaid ? Does it authorise the treating of the colonies as subjugated countries ? The European states have been long ago repaid a thousand fold. The new world has been continually pouring' forth her trea- sures, to be lavished in distant wars, to be expended in courtly extravagance, or to contribute to the comfort of myriads across tlie Atlantick. The colonies were foster- ed fnom interett^ never from affection. The conduct of the European state, far from being that of a mother, haA.- ■4 • 4 — .^x.- a ''5^li(''"'""<^ -i*";,*-^ /.(.! * £S>. •j'ife-. 24^' ■^'■'■*.![»2*-.--T,' ' 'v-^gcmwrn • ^^fWW'''"''' ■W w J J INTltODUCTIOlir. ix ^1 'i.?Sj 1 * PopU'I^of his ward, that he miy riotin hii estate. Away theo with the trash of filial obedience in ilirVafrrSia^Sv^f"''^''"^ '^"^^ "*"' "" "^ te^Ann^^?^ persistance'of Or^t Britain in her pre- TnoT K- •*!! P-^rogative, first bjke the tief ordeSsn- dence, which it was so raucKTien interest to preserve and ?n^™tTrj;i!!!t*™'^^ tended tr;s'Se ♦*uS ? "™".'^» '^'ch a tme wisdom would have > bJndflf Tr-n*^?''* ?'lr"^ *'"* *h« most numeroi Sehnf fhl"*"'*''*^' ."^''^ ""^"t '''««'•? It is because feelhiUf l!ff '^* ^""^'^^ "^'i ''^^^ "'•J ^'brate to the ' Tuik^yllS.vL'^''''^^''''^u^'''*- ^th China, with ^ ^njy* • . ^'*«««J '^e ""J be goxerned by t^porarr fit !iT"^ P'^^y* ^^* *«W^"''^» England wj can h^r w1ns°t^r.r- ^^^''^ '^" *^^'««* takeS^To much pains, to make us harte her as a nation ? ^he erievances of^ch we have to complain, by frequent relitSrhaJI SuTxivT""* '° '^^ ''"'• TWways^risted. and S^;S^^li*f '"'g«!)fO"« *»d unnatural pol(Jy. can i^r*!^^^^'°b Her wisest and lest men forettold our inrfli! '?'"'«V^«nce8 of the usurpations which led to,. . u^ w^^Pf"'^''"'^*' ?"^ /.* «*»« stillVontinued to afflict m^TlTS^y Tf '^* of irritating and insulting deport- ductSlvIfi^-" 'J '?'' *=<""P«"ned of our unnatSral con- wlu *!"""« *^ '*«*''»* «^y longer. Gr«^tRrjSfnyJf°°r'^''S^'"''"J °^ our^ independence, AmerifrF.**''' Kr°"?^*''*'"^««'Sn8 of subjugating ioS^H ♦« ♦ T i'''* been found;inavailiBi5, sKe n«t re? ,d!S * P^*n?°* ^^^^' ouraftiirs wore no promi^ - rtftes'^KT^K .^he confederation, which bound the WM tl a. ^'L' u ^u**'* "^^^'^^^ * ^^'"'"on enemy. K c^iS! Ji^ *° ''"'^ *^'°? H^^^****- •" a time or peace! -foresal wTl -K ^T" *^'"^« taken away, England ZTZ fn f ''^ •^*^ *** encounter, and propHi^iftgiic. ^ ,«HM-ding to her ^i»l«s, solaced hi^nelf with tSTbope oC V ^ ■■*L. .*.■ ■^,.- 4:^ %■: 3»* f' ,. r^ ■■i^y ^ » , INTRODUCTiON. of l°.i1f*^''''u*^ ?""* '"PS^ •" ^'^^ *»«»'»• The 8e«c]« ot dissention had been aBHndantlj sown, our state of fi- S,TS,'^** t'eplorably defective; il might almost be said, that toe nation was at an end, for so ihiiny jarring inter- ests discovered .themselves iiUhe states, as aSiest to fn TilllJ^ ^ h«,e, of reducing these discordwt eMcnte to harmony an J order. A state of anarchy and civil war might restore us tft Great Britain. Happily for Amefl- ca. she possessed at tbb moment, agalaiy of saires and patriots, who held a powerful influance over thfminds ot their fellow citizens. By their exertions, a spirit of compromise and accommodation was introduced,: wHch terminated in our present glorious compact. A second revoJutipn. which secured to uf the benefits of the fictt. liy this event Great Britain lost, for.a time, the oppoN tunity of tampering with th^ judividiial states, of fw^tu ingjealousies, and of governing by tesion. Her policy was changed , it became a favourite idea, thaioor mwtk . Should be repressed, aed so many impcdiinentft throwm w our way, as to convince us, that we had mined nothing m becoming free. We soon experienceiftiie effects rf her disappointment. Contrary to express stipuUtion, She rejused to surrender the western posts, and, at the same time, secretly instigated the savages to murder the Jrontier settlers. Spain was, at this very moment^prac- tising her intrigue* to draw off tho western states from the confederacy, of whieh there is little doubt Enaland would soon have availed herself. >^ Bat we alsocahie in contact with Britain on the oceans our commerce began to flojirish, and on the breaking out ot the trench war, she found in us formidable rivalsf ti order to put a stop to tiiis competition, she called into me the odious, and almost obsolete rule of '56, which ii in palpable violation of the law of nations. The spiiit ot ihis rule 18 to present the neutral fre» enjoying anr: wmraerce, which woyld not, atthe same time, be oSeni the helli^eiwfit; in other words, to permit n» neutrS. la tpractice it was carried tcthe full«xtent». The ordert in dOunc.l of the 8th January, 1793, became the source of a thousand vexaUoit te American commerce | and yot I ti im •**^ v4 -f5r %\ ■^ 't 7>. (if J 1 If I *v * ' The 8eed« state of fi« »t be said, riug inter, almegt to t elepientg 1 civil war ■br Amerl- sages and the minds a spirit of ed,- which A 8CCOB41 :hefi»t* the oppot^ E)ffaiBen(v ier |N»licy argrowtk ts throwa d nothuM^ effects (H ipulation, M» at the uKl«rthe BQ^prac- ktes from England le ocean \ akingout vals. Ik lied into which if ha spifit jfing anj; eopen^ utrai. In irdera in iource ©f - and jffit 41 V INTRODUCTION. ^> ^''<^< xi *^^ I I?Kr«L 'r*»ner;*oJ«»'able, compared to those of the sixth ^BriS '"^''■'^^''^^*^« s«cr«tlv circulated amonS British cruisers, authorising them to capture, "K! Wis laden w.th the produce of any of the Jolonies of Fmnce, or carrying provisions or supplies to the sa d c^ S/f ^'^!^g''««te'- part "four conimerce was at onc^ •wept from the ocean. No diversity of ^J1\L |. pressed themselves in the strongest tSb against fhfj kj^ treacherous and wicked procedure flS^Lf^ r ?i '* solution had not been ro^t^eX't wlT^rsi^^^^^^^^^ enf^rtain T? ""l.^^ r"" ? **^^' ^« '^""'^< ^e ir.dlced J ;pa a\t:rt, :ra ro^urtr* tr^-!r. the^^^^ ?^e^t^-iS^'s^SH^ singer, with orders to remonstfate in a mani S ??' -n.8S.on terminated in the celebrated trelty if '794 ^^.d Which was sanctioned bv the nation al*h-?..„k / ' *"^ I B J^t The British did little more than modifv thp.r nwi. • mng. «„ dife^elce,' with EngiJ^H '^Th "''''■.'° "' .oiMult her own true intere8to"by a ikT.id r^ 'j^'' .^ -|.«hA»eric«. feeling ,,.3 .lw™.'l«!!, IXZL" '> 1* i'jK;! -1./ ■■.Ail' ,-■ <■ --aa!i?'««»»'.,.rf-;.vi«t, ■ ■ ■ '^?'!^8P^""l'^"^V'. -■"' ^ 'W^if^'^fJ '»" Wm4m->}-^- ITT* 'T INTRCHHJCTION. hive Sen also ThJt L™^°' ^^^ "''^'' ">** ^^ «»»*' ertence,alS?;uJted* ^^^^ contending for our on that account to rnhn.?i°""®*''** authorised •laves If Z.»«r*°"''u"5'8''*»°""'°'- "a^e them !«m!*n - "*^' ***** '*'« •»«* no 'iglit to emplov her Se^oW^^^^^^ any Jders herself to consult o^s ? xfe f^t :« C* ^ *'°"" r.^n iL^e^atar Kf^ """"-^^^^^^ and in her immense „av^T««Al Z'rAlfS'r'T' the^ not because she is{on"nm„grr he7f t Lten^i'^? lattits df "'L°7'^ ''"* becau'selKng^s . lawrui m uselt. ho far from restr ctine herself «r%./ gWflfmg. the practice, or consulting fhe7nir.S of sjf™» i„?„'^ „*rto "ztii; t!"« *™*"" "^ ■=•""■ teK»a*B ■'«H !.«»#• consult her convenience and in. leresTSy or how far our own wonirn<>.><. ^ • a t " >H -J J ♦(^ ^ ^ i ■t r^ ?n.>" JUV INTRODUCTION. *, Russians, Hollanders, &nd even Negroes. It was, in fact, an insult to every nation in the civilized world. Tros Tyriusque nuUo, was the motto, although not ex- actly in the proper sense. The British practice amount- ed to subjecting the crew of ever j American vessel) to be drawn up before a lieutenant of the navy, that he mieht choose out such as suited his purpose. The good sauor was uniformly an Englishman, and the lubber an Ame- rican. It has been said, that the number of impressed ^ Americans has been exaggerated ; was there no exagge- ration, as to the number of Englishmen in American ser- vice ? Is it then of more importance, that Great-Bri- - tain should prevent a few of her seamen from escaping into a forei^ service, than it is to us, that free Ameri- cans shoiil(f be doomed to the worst ojf slavery P England has never known the full extent oi the sensa- tions produced in America, by the practice of impress- ment. This influence of party spirit has contributed to deceive her.. The greater body oi Americans have always felt this outrage to their persons, with the keenest indig- nation ; no American administration would ever express a different sentiment. Let her look to the RomaD>histQ- ry, to see what effect is produced in a nation of freemen, by the ill usage of one of its citizens ! She is not aware, that an humble American citizen is a personage of more importance, than an obscure British subject can be. She is much mistaken, if she supposes, that the outcry against her conduct was a mere party trick ; it was deeply feltf as an egregious insult, nhe did not know that the Ame- rican seamen were, in general, of a different class from her own ; more decently brought up^ of better familiet and moralS) and many of them looking forward, after the expiration of their apprenticeships, to be mates and cap- tains of vessels ; or rather she knew it well, and there- fore ^ve them her baleful preference. But mark the re- tribution which follows .the steps of injustice. Whea any of these men were so fortunate as to escape from se- ven, or ten years servitude, on board a British man of war, they breatiied nothing but revenge, and imparted the same fieeliug to all their . countrymen. It was pre- N <«1 't i^^ s-li '■ ■' t ^fe A t vraS) m ed world. i;h not ex- ;e amount- !88el) to be t he miebt ;ood sailor an Ame- impresaed 10 exag^- irican ser- jrreat-Bri- escaping se Ameri- ? the sensa- f impress- ributed to ive always test indig* er express nanhistp- r freemen, aot aware, ;e of more 1 be. She ry against eeply felt* the Ame- class from r familiei , after the i and cap- ind tbere- urktbere- i. Whem e from »e- ihman of imparted '^ was pre* -/•■^ A' ^ .^^ ¥' 'mm,- •f;'yi' hi . INTRODUCTION. xt dieted, that these men who had wrongs of their oirn, would be found, in case of war with England, no common foes. War came, and Britain may read in our naval combats, a commentary on lier practice of impressment, and her tyranny on the ocean. As early as the year ||r03, it was declared by the Ame- rican minister at London, that the practice of impress- ment had produced great irritation in America, and that It was difficult to avoid malting reprisals on the British seanicn in the United States. It is perhaps to^be regret- ted, that general Washington's threat was not carried into execution, as it mi^ht have brought the affair to is- sue at once. The practice had grown so vexatious after the treaty of 1794, that the British ffovernment was told in plain termvthat unless a remedv was applied, war would be inevitable. It was said to be of such a nature, as no American could bear, »'that they might as well rob the American vessels of their goods, as to drag the Amei rican seamen from their ships, in the manner practised by them." GeiUiuIy the «»fl[ence would have been as much less, as a bale of goods is of less value than a man. It was stated, that as many as two hundred and seventy Americans were then actually in the British service, the greater part of whom persisted in refusing pav and bounty. I'hey were told, that if they had any regard for the friend- ship of this country, they would laciliUte the means of relieving those of our oppressed fellow-citizens. That the excuse alleged by Great-Britain, in not being able to distinguish between her subjects, and the citizens of Ame- rica, was without foundation, inasmuch as foreigners who could not be mistaken, were equally liable to impress- ment. The honour of the nation, it was said, was deep- ly concerned, and unless the practice should be discon- tinued, It must ultimately lead to open rupture- This was the language uniformly held forth, by every succes- sive administration of the American government. |t was- the theme of reprobation, and remonstrance, of every distinguished statesman of this country. On this sub* fi:t we find Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Madison, onroe, Marshall, Jay, Pickering, King, and inany •ii\^^ ..> « T "^ \ ■■4 !^ ;^; -•••■;;i*"^.". • r iP tvi INTRODUCTION. y- •^ >V'> others, in their official correspondence, full r Mid nnl submission! ^**"'' >» consequence of our impolitick\ calculated, that at least teven thmunnA a«,.^^^i.^\Jr at one timp in ♦».« n ./:*"'"*?"*'"» •"»n<«c«««' were siSnlthLST^^^^^ her own service, it is not Jf EJVnf M ?'^ *PP'*!: 'J^testable. The tribute saenficp ;o^„f *7^,'^r*' "^ ^'^^ ^^'^th doomed as a ca^rZ^ aC hTm^n*.! *\?*rP **» ^''^ humiliation of Ernatif 5?v . «„rK'- *•** '"Si ««*^ *« certificate of HL ? -^ ' \°** *^* ^*^ «oon «)und unavailing it ivaa t*o?he'XdT 'ihe boff" *' '"? f fragme^nSatte^^d frnm ..ni ohe boldljiisserted the right of drainrine o« f Ae «po*, art of the mise l^i!!' «^«?.P«"iWe effort was m^e tS^comp^! tLan Pmi7 *k' '^''^*^'* Presented anj.^rospect of put- tera CiH *'^?*^.'"?®.™»*"»' exchange of deser- JJS*l?tthrPr'*Jr*?* by Mr. Adams, Srthfe same c!u2?f i^;t ik ^'u!\^^?^ "J*''*«^ «»e treatvof 1806, be- imXsment f?.?*'!? V°T''*'^ "S'''''^* *»»« »huses of if Eer ^vi ;ffifp"il*°^ ^"^'■*^^ *« ""'''« *t penal, for anj ei net naval officers to impress our seaaien, provided wJ '«. J 1 ^ ( 7 . C t -«■ .. j! A' t e ^' ' a W^ t( S^ a w tl i ',-/ *•» . f'-, ,, , ■^^sa^ES^-'j^S^^ .ft^^^^tfe .^?~'v ■fl l^* ISO J.; INTRODUCTION. i^ liTmlT'' T P^?*'"*^* *»*■ naturalizing her mhiect'^ ^r S ^'^ V^T^"'*.* P'-°P««tion, alone fully proves ucr wisnes, as tliat of subjectms the liberfv i;r« „.,a : hjPP^esj of an American'l^itiz^.rt^e^J^ic^'^f ^ rj petty lieutenant of her navy : otherwise "he woulH froman'T"'^"''^' ^^^ ^"^^ «^'"«i«" "^^^^^^^^^^^^ , X oV liace ""^ ^''' ^'"'"S*" g«"tf r tl'« i^S\''rrtr*"i!''" «*'-?o'-dinary humiliation^ and W^ch, a century hence, will scarcely be'credited, was • and I7tt^' ^^' "^""'^ *"» *»>« Chesapeake occmreS! thaf Jk/;!k ^"•*^" jO"owed, was even more v olent than ttat which was produced by the orders in council of 1793 SX* rytilS XP^^'J^d'-et^ngs weieksseml fAr^.i Jj " ""l^. the newspapers were 6lled with « »J f^?"T' 'i""."«- """P""'" ««« ever V wiTe e "ni«,^ i:"!'",*'.*"' &"^'y »f l-e raom^nT ,he Inkin "thS ' . .tt"«g«t'ation. and the aggressors wfcfo atir "'"!'** ""'^ ^^'^^y ^^ in earnest, vuere TdTS, A? •? '^?'" V ^^^'^'^'^e «»* P" Je. They yield- «nA. *'"^™''«t.on of surrendering the American ct ' ed" bte t,';: ^'^''^ 1?^ ^'•°'" ^'^'^^'^ they hid Teen fo c " EnglandTcondescenlf to tell us 1'"?"^ ser' ''"*}"''' as her Drooer^ • Nn/l ?L ? "ot regard our cicizens «..«.TC^2tK/:rArXr?^a.'!f C» #4' ^ 1" "^-^'J' xriii ■i ,' ^ V i'"^'-^. \ i''- INTRODUCTION. course of remonstrance. Our sacred duty to our fellow- ntizens, a. well as a regard to our national chVracteT lorbade such an acquiescence. cnaracter, ♦„.^T*?'' ; evieiv of the subject of impressment, we re- nces It^tt r^r^ irt °^ °" national. S. we may hav^had with other natlonsThey were of ffi .noment, coiSpared to our differences S Snd To jettle the terms on which we were to be wiS. f eX'ag oT the first iqiportance; our mutual intercourse andTrade ^vas of vast extent; she occupied the highway to oUierna: wLoVt'tSe^r"'^'"'^""^*^ ^^«» she%lei?ed;?t wasot little consequence on what terms we were with others as long as our relitioniwith England were n^ properly ad.usted. Our i^ntef purie Aith France wm comparativerv of but little mom^^nt ; she had not recovT ed from the pWensies'o^her revolution ; her deportment jvas excentnck, lawless^.and unstable; she was'i comet threatening all nations. . Ou.^ true wisdom was to keej "S^1h""7^' P'^^^^^ «hewas but lit e tob? dreaded, and was in no condition to execute her tlirea^ But notwithstanding the power of England to swei^om^ commerce from the ocean and to searourports we^tUl expected something from her good senseX LSce or her interest. Yet scarcely las the flame of ''waoice more lighted up on the continent, than both thrb^E! rents began, under various pretext^, to prey uwn fu; commerce. On the partof iSngland W mllofXeZ revived, and applied in a manner mor^ intolerab^ tC mr. J he sufferings of the American merchiSts were such, as to cause them to call loudly on the KoveJnmeS for protection and a war with England, at thKe wL* by man;r thought inevitable. It a^ared to be h^r S determination, that neutrals shoulS enjoy no trade S out her special license and permission.'' ^BTsome it il' tHpught, that If we should enter into her vi. wsTwd dS / .->"?' ^^li&. li .,>^ nr fellow-, character, nt, we re- naldiSer- ■t nothing ement on change in i nothing disputes ioflittle land. To eiTwas of nd trade, other na- eased ; it 'ere with were not ince was recover- tortment 9, comet) to keep tie to be tlireats. 'eep our we still stice, or ar once bellige- pon our 56 was le than 8 were rnmen^ ne, was er fixe^ e witl^- ! it was addft. INTRODUCTION. MX Clare war against France, she would amicablr .rr.t.- the points in dispute betieen ui. iC SfweveT wS SeSt^'^T''* n''*^^ enVuril^eTierS imposs b e T^rA^"^*- ®"^f ' thing waf, besides, impossible. The An^erican people, still smartinsr under so many wrongs unredressed, could notSindfced to lSaT8o/«T*'''"°""**" * ••**"^'» to subjection^ in May 1 806, Britain commenced her system of nanpr blockade, bj interdicting all intercourse wUh a great nS sLIlyZhTv ^er,d«P«f «°-e». ThisoperaSexff tZ\J' 'Pk 1 ^***^^' ^'^were the only remaining neu- ?Sl: 1''%''^^^°^ the French emperour of the it" rf November followed, and were immediately made known to our minister at London, wftl. a threat, that if they wert Jnew f"h7r*TA'^'*'^°"?'' *''« B"tbh miliste? weU kriew, that it could be nothing more than a bravadoTS re'ruftTLrbef' 'rf'- r«"* -'thtt'S g nuary 1806 which went the fulUengtrof ieSn^^^^^^ no vesse should be at liberty to trade from oSe lort^ France to another, "or from a port under her control and from which the English were excluded. Napoleon^ Mdan decrees succeeded, which were IJhIp „ '^ iL . nominal to the neutral ^ho did^or^face LselH^^^^^ power, they affected us, not EnglaSd. ^rwere the only sufferers in this system of retll.ation. which^wTs in both. England was apparently beneltted, inasmffw i mIT^ * * ^"^ "^ **r ^""""erce, and rendered ft imios- . sib le for us to spread a sail without her permission ??,e belligerents presented the spectacle of twoWgWme^ robbing a passenger and theh quarrelling for thl 2i^ *"ir*.;^'." ^** '^«^»«3 retaliationT ^ ^ ^* *P™^ « F»A nr^!!'**? n-**^* sincerely wished to be at neace. Each oi the belligerents accused us of partiaUtiTinH wherein was that partirlity ? Siinnlv in ♦fijo p ^ *?" clared that we^su^^d'^hLSro'EiuSr^S: w\T P- ^!fw *' ''^•J »»" '»^'*5 ^^^J England, thfSe atone " had a right to plunder us ! Each seeiSed ti consider t IS w 1 ■.•:T.»irT«f^>jri aE^ss^5P.t*.:^;^«^w?»»5^sjs& ■ wn ■ K* INTRODUCTION. a prejious conditioD of rendering us justice, that we •hould compel her adversary to respect our rights. In this Singular situation, il appeared the wisest course to with- draw enbrelj from the ftcean. Experience soon Uuirht us that ouc embargro system could not be carried into ef- fect, for reasons which it is unnecessary to repeat. The restrictive system was substituted; we placed it in the power of eitherof the wrong doers, to make us the open enemj of the othfer, unless that other renounced his practices. Napoleon was the first to annoAinte, "a sense of returning justice ;" our government, the suffering party, declared itself satisfied. England had shown no such sense of returning justice^ on this oc- casion ; she ^ad promised to repeal her orders, pro- vided the French decrees were rescinded, but i-efused to take the oflBcial declaration of the French minister, although we had, in a similar case, before accepted her own, and positively refused to repeal the orders ia council, in default of evidence that the French were dis- , posed to treat us well. I do not think it necessary ti enter into a discussion of tHe question of partiality to France or England, or Spain or Algiers, although I . cannot but regard, as exceedingly strange, that any one of these powers, should insist upon it as a p^limi- nary step to accommodatTon, tliat we should punish the aggressions of any other nation. The meaning of both was obvious enough ; it was that we should take part in the affairs of Europe. England supposed that we could - do her service, and Napolegji-tirought we could injure England. k \ " . In the meantime, the loss of American property by ths depredations of the belliKerents.had been immense. Tfie vexations practised by the Bi-itish cruisers off our coast, who made it a point to harass the issuing and rfeturnin«c" "' commerce of the United States, and whicH the people oT , England were not able to estimate, kept the publick mind continually inflamed. Our citizens were distracted * amid these surrounding difiBculties. It was agreed that ' we had amp!«; cause of hostility a||inst both beTiigerents, ^ Init the administntion was accused of undue leaoing to«- ^ ■V-« S~M v^ P^'* itO p" ■" • Ki m- i^- w^ ■ ■ ■ ■# -■- \ \ ' ♦ « « I' A.. ', that we ts. In this e to with- in taught id into ef- eat. The 1 it in the the open meed his tncie, "a ent, the ^land had I this oc- ers, pro- t Refused minister, pted her irdera m weredU ssary tialUu to thou^ I Jia( any p^elimi- liish the ; of both ! part in /ve could Id injure jbjtha se. Tfie Jrcoasty , iturnina;' eople or ck mind stracted led that ^erentg, oiogto^ '■m^t^f INTRODUCTION. ^^1 ) f"^ -HA _^ 7.Z^t France, and a distKMition not sufficienOy concilia- tpry towards England. The friends of the a^Stral t.on declare^, that the efforts toobUin redress f^X;. W- »v I r^* weaicened by a powerful British innuencl fy ^hich had grown up of (ite years, in the EMtera State? andin the Cbmmercial ciiieL ***®*' 7 • While the publick mind was in this state of ferment TtJiibited o thi .W ""*':±1?:?*''^ ''^''^' »« usuai,las aimouted to the instigationyDf the former. The uiited States have frequently been charged witli cruel yioienS :poneUn?in'^'"''r T^^"* - haTet^aS Sfasthl n.i ^^'■°""'**' *^''P"°* be denied, but thia was the necessary consequence of the increase^fn our population J but the great difference between us and * st^d Trj* '" i.''**'°" *° ^^"^ I°^i«" «»nd«. «, that "n, . riS^fnf .^''r "5 ^^'^ ^'^''""t «^«'- acknowledging the hfei^ ^^"^ l^.^'^n^C^^'^^^ endeavoured to obtoinVem resect ?hTi^T- /^^ ^."'^^^ 'St'^*«« ^«'-« ^ first to to ihollh ?h "'^i'*" t«'-"t«"^' "Sht, as they were the first to abolish the slave trade, and domBstick slavery • for J a nation, we have forbidden it ^ ' ' ** Ther« ejcisted a celebrated Indian warriour, who had the di^rlnf '/• t ' ''?'* ^"I""'^ the design of uniting all rier f fL f*''!u''' '""'■'*^'' to oppose In effectual W. Sseh i« l"?'^^'-. ^'ftension of 'tfie settlements. Te- Sri^f? ** ^"""^^"^^f eV'nj; he resorted to every Of a^JH'*"'"J*''^'"'"^« ^t''^ I°dia°« rfgainstus^ distant na«ln,/!;"''i '^'''^'^'''' "»« visited'the most D^wt^L! '' an** endeavoured to rouse them by his . S. ^f K-*^"^"^®: "• also, assailed the superstftious S^^nJ^ ''" '^^ri'^r"' ^y means dfhis brotKr, a kind of conjurer, called « the Prophet." He had received as Se'hi^T*'^ British, o^f -such asltotTr^oaTd" ySr laf « ° '^'T ''•* A"« ^".*° execution. In the Craif i;l- "°"' '^'^ "l"'^ by governour Harrison, of *to remoni 1"''"""''/"^' ^* ^^'^^^^ Tecumseh attended, KidcZl*?*^^ '^''"'' a purchase lately made from the K^ickapoos And some olhfer tribes. In a strain of- won- r* '* ."%'*. ^^■ 'M l»:i •^--^, -^ [if' »f. \ •i' M. xxii INTRODUCTION. mtntlS^it ni. "**'!"'5/'**' '^°'" t*** fi"* commence, ment on the Delaware.to the moment at which he snoke i^afTt^JT''* ^^ "rr°"' he^rasped h^ tomahawk; ternSir w?i, hT' •"'^^fo'^'r chargeci the American go-'^ vernour with havina; uttererf what was false: the wir- murs who attendecf him, twenty or thirty in num^r Ste^aJiaUTPS' "^"^ ^'"'"'^^ ha/ fortunTtdy ftrv W •r'*''^*" r^'*''' ^''o P"t a stop to their Ih.'n; K * f """'''' was, however, broke up, and no^ thing short of war was expected to result. ^ 1 owards the close of the year, the frontier getfipr» h»A l^Z: «^t"»'j^f>»'"'"«d; ever^ii^nrpa^^f'^tjj ber, having approached within a few miles of the Pro- ' L,.\'T"' **•« P':*"^^*?*' chiefs came out with offe«™f ^nllTf ^k'""'?!!.?' ^°^ ••«^«««*^^ the governou" to encamp for the night, as it wras then too late to enter on business. It was not long before this was discovered tS inVtr/±n"* "?'^"- , At f^""- o'clock ia the mor^ 3' i K?rT '^"f f""?"8ly assailed, and after a bloodV and doubtful contest, the Indians were finally t^nle/ with the loss of one hundreH and eighty killed and/*^ "* r„'l„n"i T P*'*' ^'^^J' "ti'Ureater number on' Colonel Davies, one of the miS distinguished la, S. F°»t«*Stat«« 5 colonel White, ol-the SaliiUfflTa Hamson, after this, destroyed the Prophet's town and h^hg established forts, ^/turned to ^Vincennes; bu^ aitea€«i was by no means restored. ' " '^-"'-^f Tippecanoe (the name of the branch of Hjwhicl^it was fought) seemed to inflame *'';f.«t'-J» already calling; for war. A t whic^iirred gome time afterwards, did it '" _\ ■ 'V ^ . ^.t ' M m^*'. ''li'i' ■ft' ' .i %' f^^'iSP^^ I* 10. INTRODUCTION. '•>(*H1l=SK L;f*-« xxiii Ijaj it. Off the American coast, commo- ^^urmg the night, fell in with a liitish ft?- ifterwardg proved to be the Little Belt -bll bjr the commodore, the commander merely rT one J any administrat on miSit be iu ?^^^^^^ '"'l"' •"''"* venturiniupon an exoerimTnf JkL ^ ^ apprehensive of no 6nc Suld ^resee Ihu V ^L*'"°'''l"*"'^*»«*'^hi^ into pusillaninUv' a^d l'"*/'>^''«*'-«nce was construed United S«hid\unt S /•'"''' '"•^ character of the nation ofSpe We iad'hl" ^°^^,r?^«' ^'^^ ^^^--T Napoleon andTe EngHsh minhtrT l^l'^^i'""*! J^?' *'^ alliance ^ith Saji W ^rm ^h^ «"thout forming%nj >r publick shins ami hL^^- •*• **^*'' *»«»■ commerce, therefore cruel Mdunirner^L^^^ civ.i.zejLworld, it wai schemes of British .,II!I„^'- - ^« ,»?^ the stupendous ^1 ■^. Jn "7^ :^&;<^i^,$.f . (t - \ ^. ";^i ^^ S ^■^•f^-c. ^' -'■ xxiv INTRODUCTION. existence. We saw her already mistress of the seas t'^'^ we regarded anj actual invasion of her shores, as a thinir * too visionary, even for Nanoleonj we saw, in the lawless i ' II rh'"!!**'^, P'-°J«?t8 w *« despot, at which England 1 affected vto be alarmed, her best security, as they keot ^^^ ahve the f^rs and jealousies of the surrounding n"ationl '/ and continually undermined his throne. We have seen ^ how incohsiderable- were, in reality, all his conquests. The existence of England was never in danger; Naoo- leon co;»ld never have subdued Spain and Russia ; two prqiect^, which all now admit to Save been the extreme worfX.t^;^^"'' T!- "°^ ^'^*'"S ^^'^ »>«^ttles of the ivorld, but of her ambition ; she was not the bulwark of our religion, but the instigator of the savages j she was not the world's last hope-that last hope is Xmerica : not as the pretended champion in the cause of other nations, but as a living argument that tyranny is not necessary to the safety of man ; that to be degraded and debased; is not the way to be great, prosperous, and happy. "S- f^^j U f\ I ^;l( ^,\\ ^ ,/ , ' / •''-'%. '-'^'^^i^^y. K% !•« Pf.* lot K ^ fei^tt' jor WK aft IF"' ap] i^-'' mu ^'^ g«i ^F «1H m'<- >•*' ".t. * i :i7- j^. "imrh' tV ..» 'i»«,/S iftji*^»jv e. . T I* W * t i r*,i CHAPTER I. - . C.n^--8fa™ushe» on the River aux Canards-Battle of Brown,town-Taking of Michillimackinac-Takin^ of Chi cago-BatUe of Magag«a-The .urrender of Hu7 An interesting period in the bistort of this vouthf..! ». iat the^fflj! ^ lowered, and there was little hope that the gathering clouds, would pass harmless over ,« tSemhS;:^*;^ ?? ^***^ ""' ">'^' thTsessinftte aJd theZ^S A *"* ''•*'" P'*°*'**<^t«d to an unusual lenirth! «na ine eyes of Amenca were turned towards if in «« ' SK!JP**i?*'°'»- <^» the fifth oflneTthe PrisiSeJf" «d to irecMe all hor!.?f *'*'* ?°^«r"™««t» which seem- no certainKjecture couFd be fCed b^^^^ S?te^:trL'^!S!;S^ t«^°" ^,' ^ r^ ^^V Jf fc^^ 26 HISTORY OF THE WAR. ^ith tte Presides,^ rTco"S T** '^f^'*'^' ^"S act of Congress was accoSS "'^'°« * '* Measure. An the sanction of the Prl^SL^'^' ""^'^^ «ceiv1S ttedav following, the „?neteen?J nf*T '*•"" *'«J^ > «»d on P"^'«»7 proclaimed. "'°*'^«"t'' "f J«ne, 1812, war waa al 4-ffl r ';!?5L-,J r-t'^i act of the Nation. It proOuced demonstSnsV- *'*'''*.'^- '» ^o^e pK followed our deckraSnn %^-'?^»""»''ai' tothatwhSh '^a'artjilj, although uniVL^Li"*^? ^^.7^ a word, where the strongte **"*''! r»«°« '^^^ nghtsofthe weak, shoSA °*P' to trample on Se rfency, but not with ±tJs tI' ''" '^"''°"' d««Po»- ever, who regarded tLann! J''®''® ^e*"® many, hVw- ' 'n tn? course o7ordinarv!i« '"''*P«°^«°«^ and not "•ere interest, or in Sit ef JL^T^ ^^ «>« "^J^e^of .. <^n the sea board, and irthi F»»*P'*''' ""^^^^^ Po«cj. tions which it produced were ftrfr*^*"? ?^**«' the sensJ: sudden g bom bv whirJ. ♦? * "^°" being jovful. tL overcast! causett^'faf^S^ p'isjeri'tj I'l the suo. The commerce of Ih?'::** ^"T *» eclipse of jears greatly restricted by the den?'/*^'^""«'» f«r^«»e greatcontending powers o7£ur«-*-.M^°°^ ''^ ^^"^ *'^» "f better ti„.es fit mus now b^Kn " ^V****^ '» ''OP*^ ships must be laid uo anH 5.- u .'j" ** a" end ; their trvity be stilled. In'^diftrent n^l!?? rl? t f^'^^f^l^ the war would neceseaKfv hi ^^ °^^^ ^^^^ Sta^ extensive country SfS * "*^''* ««^ereJy felt . ^ ,!? oti«.rwise. JV?or{o4^*, S'5e"w:r?r^^\'* -^uM K this measure as a most bSt-^*" *^S" ^''» i^aitlS «>ent An opinion w^VniS'"???^ «^entfule^ govermnent L. not aipW* w *^V *''* *■«"» o<^r sufficient energy in the executiv.T' '^r ""» ^"t of avoidabie divisUns in S^e^oZ r"''"^t "** *■"»» «" ^aa much more to be fei^T!? " ?»«ncils. But, what ^rcelyyetbeenperfeX^^J^ Of any extensive potion sG^tJo^ S^i;^'':^^;^ ■S1*' rr I i* t mi-. .. mSTORY OF THE WAR. with England mig rverhf 2^ ' .^k**/" ^'^'"''•'""'la!^"" etherwisi than il suSrviennv / '♦k* "'•" """'«' ""* »>« w«I that we were unn^e^e^f *' ^ '' • "" "^ ''••«"<^«' The opposition ofrileTn^ / «" serious a contest. states would be Iai5 onei to tl.p fn'°''-' ""^ ^^ ^^^^^^'^ parties, and thatreTestern LnH^^^^ of marauding UroursofasavaSTandmnr^l *'*'' T"'^ ^«' *>'the .ons, on the otSK^Tt ^TnTd^t M*- ?iP ^''^ Canadas would fall, and that thL p, -1 '^'l^*' **"»* t»ie Spain should be broueht into Ih! T""?'' '" *^««« ^^''^ England, would be oure Thi*'7f''* °." *•»« "^^^ "^ troublesome neighbour?* and .n,? r"'*' ""^ ^^ ^'""^^ f">n» -pedes of hostiliV?n whicbt^^^^^ *''''* ^'•'^'»^»f"» ed witl. the savaSs Th^llTn **"" *° «'^'«" ^ngag- but we were nSre^?he S^ ""T "°V'i ^"""'f^'^ J experience, and want of a full kn^i"^' "'" ^/fi"«n<^7 « miH^r^Tp^^rs Srnv'Siff'^ .^ecIarS'of war, a peonle^^f ains we,&n fn ^'•^"•""g'tself amongst tU pnres t!.rou^'outthe c^unt V i'd'P^ m iation was e?err where fel7'/ ^^'^ ?* P"^« '^"d e^u- f ciBes. There seemed to be a k ndllr'- '"• '"'''^^'•^ ««•- for the approach o"war But tipl^fl""'""^' *« ^^Pare were exSTedingi; dXtire A.S '?;^ establisWents «adjauthorisartheenist^en^?f% ^^?"?^'" »»»*« •'- men, but it wasfound TmSle to fiTi^h^"*"! *^*^i?""^ ««lar annr. from tJ.P«»Kf^ r "" *•** ""'^s of are- / -mil r' 1 « w- ' \ ^ -*.'■''■ ^l^ S'^*' I 28 HISTORY OF THE WAR. ^ scattered over an immense surface of country. The Pre- InH f i ^11 ^"1^°"««^ *° '•«^«re fifty thousand volunteers, and to call out one hundred thousand militia. This force could not be expected to be otherwise serviceable, thaa for the purpose of defending the sea coast, or the' frin" hlU«A ^''^*=f'*^ °* sti 1 greater importance existed | the best troops in the world, are inefficient, unless ther happen to be led by able and experienced officers. Our ablest revolutionary heroes had paid the debt of nature, and those who remained, were either far advanced in life! or had not been proved in other than subordinate situa- t ions ? and besides, from long repose, they had laid aside a their mihtarv habits. There prevailed, however, a disposition to place a degree of reliance on theskUl of the revolutionary soldier, from the mere circumstance of having been such, which was not corrected until we had been severely taught by after experience. Such was the situatio^^of things, at the commencement of hostilities. Whether to be attributed te the nature of our Kovern- ment, whose genius is not well adapted to offisnsive war- tare on land, or to the precipiUncy and want of forecast m our rulers, certain it is, that the preparations for thein- suitable to the occasion. Governour Hull, at tlie head of about two thousand men, was on his march to Detroit, with a view of puttinir an end to the Indian hostilities, when he received infol^ mation of the^ declaration of war. His force consisted ot about one thousand regulars, and twelve hundred vo- lunteers from the state of Ohio, who had rendezvoused on the twenty.ninth of April. In the beginning of Jun» they advanced to Urbanna, where they were joined br the 4th regiment of United States infantry, and imme^. cliately commenced their march through the wilderness, still in possession of the Indians, and wTiich separates the inhabited part of the state of Ohio, from the Michimm territory. From the town of Urbanna to the Rapids,* distance of one hundred and twenty miles, they had tw pass through a country without roads, and abounditur with marehea. From the Rapids to Detroit «loiig the \: i^^ t»A •vr I*: :^aM^'^^ t .v^it?'''' HISTORF OP THE WAR. r iv " ■ *h;«l 1 l7^"' . " °^ *" *'"^«»»t afJo adventurous smri^ # which sought only to encounter difficulties and daS rn.sfortune, intelligence of tL existir^g wJr did no{reach by treTe'rof'thr t *'''«, r'-^h^ndwaVfofCd "• > tenln*«nJJi,- * *'^« capture of the schooner.and a lieu- v.^ !?ft « A • '/' ^^^^ encamped at Spring Weils, onno" opposite s de of the river, and had^„ad^;^aTtemDt tJ ^-^^ wLS ,i- f' fL®^ ^^""^ «oon compelled to retreat bv a ^ we ! directed fire from the American arti lery ' ^ fJn ^»« 'f^e fayo^'-able moment for commencinir ac- tive operations against the neighbourinR nrovTnce oft?^ per Canada j and as govemour^Hull hajfeceTveddtc^r wrdaTneH** ''' f"*"^^'-^* '^^ immXtllntasTon was determined on. Preparations for this purpose were ofSL^H''*'*"'* boats provided to effect th'^Lsa^ |wareof this design, attempted to throw up a batterv for 4he purpose bf opposing fhe landing j th£ wrS' / I'' # i' .* ) :*• J 90 .™*ORY OP t;he war. [» •rmy coulJlither land SoyTSt'ilrr***}^* " ^^ out of the reach of their o?,na J* u ^^ *^ •"** *"* k^P th.ing being made ready. thear^rr"u***f *'^'ft'>» «very without mole^Ution, fo„e dEL"'*f ""^^^^ entered the village ofSwieh Thf'Tft* ^"'^ "«» no shew of resistance, ^d were tSlf"*''*^***"** "«^« :^"iiua, out crave everv fla«u...n r — "' <»uvaaiM inhabitants, wTo^ heTiviJeTt;tak5j~^*^^n **» *« test. The proclamation wa- «?** °? P**^ *.'» **»« «»»• the;?IsSrdS^'buu^i^ j^u^^^^^^ Man eloquent production iTh-ck****" reau-ded Br tish aTintenSed to .Sice her s.^:^^^^^ legiance, as if this were not iuLSL *^ <«m.their al- army; and as^iolatinethnaiX.- m- ^^^ '•^^•^"ns the declaration that ^ qJa^te/w^uW »^ •''*'^"'* ^ ^hiteman, found fightinXttesSt^f.H «?^*" *<» «V ^e consider, that IrtdiarS i!2 * ""^^^ '"*''»'>• When »faidinfi;in isBHedby Jnvading ion to^e a the con- Hted and uccessfal* regarded «d bj the I their ai- invading; ^fare, in n to anv i. M'hen s may be ire f^ht- es) for it »me in- serioas- Dn; his inent eC le coun- I riv^, IS per- ■ho re- ierahj|e liUtujr iposite idvadi ' V fe. #^«st ' T^ fe >^.-^ HIl -^ . ;:^' IP- ' .^^' m" ' isi. B74 , 5^1 » ,^ M ' ■ ' V- P fcV' M] P'^ ' ^! V N^ ^^'^\ h; vl '^ It .« - ■3j' i I I-«^ -i- i^'\ HISTORY OF THE WAR. Detroit river w5h lake Rn. ?kw *' *''« i"»<^«°» of Hull's canmr^ol Cass l^fi* ??"'**!." ""''» «outh of ;tre«m,rei3;edtheri;e;AQJrT^ °f the from Maiden, where hrf^"i^.T':?^?'*^«'* '««'«• miles possession of 'the brS^ aSI rJ?"*'*'*. ^'^*^'='''°e"t *•> toon of the enemy.tK;io,tl!;;*T"°'i""8 thesitua. Jer capt. RobinsJn n J lu .P''*^®** * "^e companv on- the attSntiwCS^^^^^^^^^^ ^^«"' ^^ ^^ert remainderof the imrt^XL..T ^**P'"S "P a fire until the ^i« part of 4eT&l"^'^^PPf«;«"the opposite Sid fbout five miles below ffiT»*° ^''^'' 'T**** t''* "ver , theirwantofasuSnt k^wS^ 71 fr"«t"ted, by - iletachment Has m^^\^^ w^Pf ^^'^ «>»nt'-7 5 thi til late in the ^eS^ • t St ^^"^ l««»Snated spJt un- surprise the post had Se'ei h 1. n.eanwh,le, the attempt to which, a smart skirm?«hTnj *"*?** ' notwithstanSnir PeHed'to abrmlo„rtSn'*X^^ ^*°«r "«" ««- pd wounded, besiderseZ-l H '°!'"8 **«^«° ''"'«•« havng no order* hTrl*!- *' deserters. CoL Caas. •titutrng the pr^Sci^^^^^ of it, although c5S camp aSd MJweMoJS ^*'''° ''*^**» *»»« A^rkiS* of th^ bridge waJfcS *° '■*''"^- The floor erected onThe KK^tl^t fh?^' "** * 'I'^st-work There occurred, a few daJs «fL P.""«* "'^ *»•« ^ver. •t the same plac^ beWn ?h?L7'■^ •'i******' «'''^'»i«»» »ng advanced somewh.t V^ « f^ ^he colonel hav- J-noitringtherritl^^^^^ - off from his men. A messen^?n7^ escaped being cut Teral Indians had b^en sSLS^r/l • ^"^^ ***** «' was at the same time duTcov^ Wli^''""''. "^? »* been stationed at fk* i.«J! * '"** ™08e who had He had aVa^^elytim^to*&K^T "-^P'^J J quitting it! fer with his^^'ons Dr M.i"'^* ""^^^ ''•» 4^ thttff,were fiiSK bv'« ™i.. ^r^^y^"** capt.!?!; In the basheT ffieUch JS^? "^ '"?*'•"«» ^^^ncealej ' '♦it ^ 4 ■A'-*^'' fA "-« •! '*^- , v''i£ii;./'X^S&..s&fiiSs' »J»wrMiS;vjisi-:«Y^» l there was no lonser any hope of carrving the place withv out being provided with a.train of artillery, and tiie necessary means for a reg&lar assault. The necessity of possessing the nost, became every day more apparent. With the fall of Michillimackinac, tiiat of Chicago, and all the other western posts, might be expected to follow, and the Indian tribes would i^ove down with all the force of the North-west Company, renderii^ the ,sitiuit|lili^ of j>^ 'i : ^ ip^'St. . 'J,, ^ ^.-^ s\^ ^** *>■ .It '. ' "J. ,T^- fe '"^r^^* HISTORY OP THE WAJL ■ 'it" -' ^.^.., c«re rciiifo?ceinentgS..r''*!*!? ««££«"« to pro! ^ith carryinr on a^i? Maiden, contentinir hiZS ■ from the bel5ef eh«t ihe St^J*" k''^'* "*»* hasteneffi ^ ^ore than iufficient for an Jh!^ "^ *"' ^^^-nand, «i|f [y lost their conBdeoJrT?be firi^ '7?''" *'"««•"- *^»n8 beikg made ready for *u j? !L ^"«^^' •^••"y council oPwar was^Ven^d .n/ £*^^", MaWeB,i termination to make it immi*f ^ "*** "Kftwasade- the Canada mili^gt, elbW?'^- J^^^' «^ '"as animated withfil^ "x**^'-.*ndtb«rwhote forca terpriae, which i^fastUX't^ " «' The cannon wa. vdl moS^t^ "1/°*^^^"*^*^^^^ I »?g batteries. T^wS h.H » embarkedon iloat.'l, t'on8ofttecouncil!S3Yheda^w2'^;'^f^ ^*'«*«™- % for carding them into execStb? *'*'"^^^ •Ppointed, nver Btisin^with suoDlSl'fni^ 4..""'''' ''**' »*-"ved at the *o.»etn,it, Ae d^SSS^TfSUv -r^-u.^" theirmardJ JJith consfdentble da^ei S n» ,'?•'"» '^•^ attended 'twas deemed prudeTO II*";^*^*'** *^ the enemy, could be sent to STard ttem TM. 5*? "°*" »» «cort »«for Vanhorn, with a de?«cl.min/^*^ ^"? '^^"fided to fifty men. On'his se«^*d5^?^/l^r ' '^""^"'^ "d town, he was suddenly at2iclSl„r.n'''-^"*^ ^^o"- '^S"!*™ and Indians. SJn?M?r'" *'**« by British mioedresistaiir* !»^L • "ttlefortee made a de*i.r- *Uf«I Xe^wis at ,e^^r'"2!'"^«^ *>r a brave ISi J«petee«kiir;i'rd L^^J^''™H8hto«; wfththeloiiS tain. GUcrease, M^cXh.^' ^fS "Jf^ ^°""'!«^- Cap, ^^f'l 4 ^^t'^j^^^^^^*b^^' fi ^1% ^ , ^ ^^^ts^iij^^ '■/■"•:■ HWTORY OF TH^ VTAB. 55 Scarce!/ had this detachment left the camo >t fl.>.rf wich, when a sadden and unlookeJf«r^.-^? « S^nd- .n the determination of the commaidrrte*^;tte own officers, in w.hom they confided 'Fh. h;..I J? 1 ■jent. and vexation, whicfi ensTdrcan Z te*?"*" them*7totma.7^^^^^^^^ ficientln the skill and abi'uy nrcTsTr^t^* '^"**5- of August, wheje they receivecl the intefii£ence offi produnatMiitojoinoiirsUiidanl. '"","«•">/ Hull s ■ ..kii'M!^'? "" "xT "" *" '»'"'• «-n»idered iodisMn » i ■"» Vr 'I T.^-S ^■■^;#'^^^»S 36 HISTORY OP THE WAR. .'■■'V' .4'A< gularg ana Indies, g7J. ground u2«ithemaTnbSd/app^^^^^^^ ^ '^ sprang UD, and with the reSFJ^ fi^.lZ.'TK"]^* ^^^ "»• the utmosTceierit7a"nd coX\? dr':; unt '*"^*'' ^*^ ed a brisk fire, an^d thenXS ?rL Pfl » ^^^^^ T"' gave way, but the Indians Ser 'xlv^^t^}?'^ themselves to the woods on eak side S^hpjh^"§ with desperate obstinacy. The re^l«rf iJ^ ' «^""^ returned to the combat, which cUCdfo^Z^^J'*'*' witfi equal resolution. The stoutest heaJteS*?"**' failed when thus attacked on iTf d^!- k "'Ir* '»*^e hundred savaires S!5?^ /i! "<*«■» tr«ow dian five and jelling]^ d'eKSnen^d 7*? *"'*•'""' "»*°»«r» abo/yofrLlars DiSSSt hl*5K "*"* **™« '^»«» Wd tie muSetrt of the^S Jf^ a* ^^^ •"•"«»«» i^F'led their attecki «m em^ 1w? hkr*"**** }^^^^ re^eatingatthi^KftX^^^^^^^^^^ ..■6 ■A -"" ''-A^ . ' =' '^Si^':^. HPTOIIY OF THE WAR. „ Art. w- tain Heald, who cimmanded atCrJ^" "^T'.- ^^P' . ^d orders from Hull tTZndoi fh^f^'?^"'^'* '''^^^' way to Detroit He accoSli^i*^'* *?**. "*''* ''» property to the care of^ne frfe^„d7v iS *''* P?"'^*^ his company, about fifty r^Lull ^ Indians j and with ral fiimiliesf which harresSnlrS^^ ^y ««ve- his march. He had proceeded uf *'l!' P'.*''*' ^* o«t on the beach of the lakefXen hi was'I^'**!?'^*?'*^* '^«°8 H[/f Mans, who occu^irthe bt^^^ Heald ascended the bank j»nHY«.. u* *l. ^'^* ^aptam until they had gained h^' ^r anS J^"* ^'' '"'"^ «">«» his horses and WL h^' i"^^ of pieceof ground,1Khe was enabS? .*' ^ *»?«« dians at bav. But fin^inlT ♦!. * .®"*°'«d to keep the In- to yield atLt,beacce^L^^^^^^^ T'*^ ^' *^»°>Pe"^d an Indian chief. tSI.!,*^" ^^ ^^ Protection*from all the mUitia ; a numhpYnif regulars were kiHed, and inhumanly ^nMlrTJ^^^^:^^:^-;^-^^^^ ^ g-yaHetyofescape,;ttgl!fSi5X^^^^^ A..*. .;*'> % '^, \ .-* %''--' "#H ■4 ^f«.>ij! 38 HISTORY OF THE WAR. '■%. essential advaXt'" Trd'T^C P'S^'^'^^r *^^ »« the escort at thp riv»r n„:-- • r^ .*"" '° waiting for that it „„ become "nSbl. LTS'"'""*!"':"'". «■>■« l^een received from Sal HaT A"' ''^ '"^^ gara bringing information that it w^ctTS^ *' ^''*' send reinforcem^jits *° "'^ PO'*'«r to troU^aJd l^tfetettuhr' 1 P''"?- «PP-*« »«- • teries. GnZirSn!l'^''^l^'''^ ed at SanLichTXndoi:..T'/'''^'""^ vvhocommand- overt«Detrof,ithavinXp„^^^ P°'.'*'7' *"^ ^'os,ed on the defensii '11^e¥rS *° «^* «"«'-e'7 parations for he assauft nn h ' H^t *^°««0"ed their pre- «.ori the Place acSSipLied hi » /"f » ^^g*" «"•"- conhnancler G^n BrTk lir^h ?*°*' ^i:'*"? ^''^ ^""sh forces at his disposarwarVant^dV^^^^^^^ '**S°° **"' <»'« in these words J 'Mtisfarfrni ***'"?'*' concluded the numerous bodv of FiiH a«l "^ u H^ " °® *^«»"e that selves to my tro»ps will £ hi '''*°^''*''* ****«''«d them- ment the citest Joicel X" -^' « "^'™' *''' •""■ ed to enter into suc™comHtion J^ ^n* ^1-^r »"? ^"P""" scrupulous sense of honour U.!f. ""'" f *'?fy t^e most and major Glegg a e fully ;uth^S«lH°?* ""f *?*l*onaId arrangements tTatmrtLH^Jn^^ 1**?°**^ •»*<» any effusiln of blood '' ^ *** P'"''^*"' *»»« uiinecessarj To this 8««mons an answer was i^turned, that the 1:1- ^. vv., M*" V/ M- y ami biehir ctive of no. A despatch waiting for ■hat in con- chment, it irther, and cient force lain where "avourahjft. in attempt o another the coun- filler arid fiftj men, 3res8 had gat Nia- power to Mite De- cting bat- ommand- ' crossed : entirely ;heir pre- to sum- '■ British that the •ncluded ' to join are that d thein- the mb- dispoB- le most Donald ito anj cessarj bat the >i* ?fc&5 "■W HISTORY OF THE WAR. 39 fort would be defended to the la^t extremitv Th^ n.i ^tr^tllsV^"^'**'^^"' b tte^iera;^!- eo'^l^tinurd- J^^Sl^eteX?^ irnSLT"-"^: »t was discoveled that the Brit sh were ^i^rT^'^'^^'P^r^ ^«"«' under coveTof tneir ships To prevent the/landine from the fort at this moment, was a matter iApossibfej tl?e own lyin* &*V* »??.*'>« "vet-. «,*trfHullh'ad not neSf i^ninJV^''"''^"'?' ''e>5ghthave effectual^pre. vented It, by erecting batter/es on the bank, where thet eTSiSn- "'^*^^^T• ^ strange^tant^seeS^ ed to attend this unfortuna/e man. The enemy havin.r landed, about ten o'clock fvanoed towards th7fort?f the 5oS 7"' *"** t^^e'veldeep. From the position of i„nJ^' ^If^u"/ '^'■^ '^"»'»'ed to approach within two hundred yijrds before its ^uns could be brouoht to belr being thus far sheltered ly the town. The American Idvr„rr fc-^a»^'<^'T'y disposed to preTntS teers, occupied the towO, or were posted behind pickets whence they could annoy the enemy's 8^. the rP* gulars defended the fort,^and two twLty four Vounders' Charged with grap«j, were advantageouslV posted on an Eminence, an %-'l. s*,.*^ ■■""""»-«»t''S™- ««•»««»»•» *'~"4r* fe^ ■ V ^^■''•'^.yla 40 HI8T0RY OF THE WAR. fL pencTed from the wall^ A fin'ti^rnffi "''™'.^^^^ ^a« ^"s- ta-n the cause, for this surrenlr ^'^*'" ''^^^ "P *« ^ceF- ed to the assai ants A caS"'»*- "° '* "nexpect- out even stinulatin^ the tS Wn'^r '^''''^ '^^^' "pressthefiMlinjtsof thri^' .^ordsare wanting to they considered themselves bat flT? ^" ?'« '^'^'"io" J rendering to an infSaXce^&^^^^^^ inthussur-' they were firmlj convinced t£r/k?f "°S agon, when power. They hid provTsions for »^^^^^^ '^^^ « their were provided witf d[ le J^uis 1^* ^'^*^*" '^^J'* «"d Ihev^ere compelled, thus Sn-^sr ."!i""i*''*°» <>f wa*-- and to surrender lum?? hum hated, to march out. The British took Lm!55!'''^* prisoners at discretioiu •H tbTpublick^p 0^^^^^^^^ P227 of the fort, w?S: there were fortv h^Sli/ r contained j amongst which of fixed t4ntyfc^;//2^«^^ ^"'- 'l^^drfd roundJ ball cartridges, t^o thousand fiv'K°%''"5'^''*** *^o««a°d twentv-five piiea oHrnn Ave hundred stand of armau greate-f numK wh ch had" k"' *'*'^ ''''«'»' ^^ ^^^ »nen<.ans d„ri J^^^ hj the' A- the"J?nL^fstsriJi•s„^t^ r--of wereaJso formally gn™ J j"*^'5* ^^ tHe general. under coloneKS^ lnr&ir«f *'^*„^«^^^^^ under captain Brush wl.^iJ"^i "^ ^«^* »« the party Orders Vd been ™2iaffl"^^^^^ « the capituritioX detachment underIC and MfI!S!"8; before, for tl» they had approached a W.ufficiJ^"'**'* ?turo, and ihe movements of the p«iJ^i"™?f"'*r »o*»" to discover tuation, mijht enaWe S{^±h T*" •^cidentalriT •enrice dunV the attack Ti,?"'*®'' "*• "^^^t material ailenee whic^previKhe JeJirr '"T'^*^ ** ^^ «d gst which red rounds thousand id of arms;, 'brass, the bjthe A- irrisons of i general, tachments the party titufation. if for th« urn, an4 discover lental si- materiat i at th« i expect' as soot tulatioQ, 'er Rai, whQ at actualljr 7 atorj fifStORV OP THfi i'AR, ¥ mit to thrcapituffin I arin^'STAlift^'* '^ '^^• to include him, and determ n«Jf • * """ '"»'* »<> nght onto. Me Wt delib^S i *?.. '*®*"™ *» the state of the publick stores! w^^^^ '^^^^^ desb-oy which he could no cT?^ aw^^*** i\ ''''Possession, anj «^ight be used as a pSxt S'h»"*i.'^*^*'^*^"S *''«tthis countrymen, he resoFv^ to £ml ^^ treatment to his part orthe volunteers and iS^*"^°" *''*'"• The^eater turn home 5 but the 7e^^ar? Jl V" P«"n''ttecfto re^ were taken'to Quebec^"^' *''«**^*'' '''*^ ^^ general, «d under contribution, whX h;- ;^ -^ fears, was plac- ?P a thousand frightfufpha^oms '^'^*n ^""Jur^d infprcements unSer colonefp™;* "^ '»««o»fied the re- Jelieftothe story ttat the wh^pT"' ""r^^*^* '™P«eit tern fur compaoyf under llrruT ' ^orthwes- »ng J nothing;in iSct: wLSL? *'"''^"^^«s approach- en the p.cturi, or tendto ilfl^V^'^'^^^^^^^^i^t- While ^n the cUrfk gW-^! t^ ^'*"'« '^o™ him^lf. -ny tHin. against ffidlirVomJh^dff"?^ *.° ^«'«^^ , porting TiisaitiJlery. «verv?Enl • ^^'^^ °^ *'-«n8- who wants the nece^ssarrSLte ^The'^i^v (* '^ * "'^'^ had been wonderfully jtrTn^th^LA a''}'^!" ^"»«ft moment, general Hall JofN^fi "*'*"** *' this critical not in hit powerVo X,f K^^^ ia done but to ?ross overt Detro?; *».^'?*' '^«^" ««"" bl inhabitants of Canada Choh^?n,*''''i"2 *° «''*°^»" the »»« protection ; to flvl befo^ft '** '^^'Pse'ves under tempted to attack orT,„olest hi- VTl^"'^ «^«» *t. them in what they XTd ^.v^ * f ?. *''"« encourage possible to aceomplZ '' P™^"^ ''*^« though dicattn^ -i^^^^^^^^^^ laboured vi„. few of them, it C t,"e wil^L i°*^'*° auxiliariesj but ■ if Kf :•'!/• d>i'- .lH_j» :ii|,.'4-' ■>-i^*-» * ' .. ,.# :^^<-'.'^ 'f-:^\ ijts ^TS * a 43 wsToar OF the war. ' and M^ArthuHe couM L?; — *"*''' "^ coloneU Casg men intrthe field TnH T' '""'"« '"*^^* *••»» »« "^-ndred be expected to*^Vrt''o^^th:1&^^^^^^ "''S^* wards of sLteen^h'undrrdr„"^^^^^ ^' ^""^'^ "Pj •uperiour to th.t nf iH n ^ u* T?" *®'^<* was much «"•• c.dt ^S.a\txfr* "^ *« - ^^ 4 'St/ .!^x»i.s*«! ■M.'"-' / ^p •.'*• led it, was ^ Chippe- ies, Sacks, rarming in ind every 'iter of the as the ex- ited his si- itdeplora- Dels Cass c hundred stitute of : whereas thousand ich might _engaie. itia, who force up- ^as much ted of a- liich was , for the Indians. f the offi- exagge- suflSced, Hede- the eifu- oded the have,fai- ping the ins rea- ptible-in so much e them- a consi- the.pur- countrj ofblood regain- 4 i HISTORY OP THE WAR. ^ 4^ ed. Although this became the field of dorr wh^rA «.«„ ' »J«ie'v^^iS^'"i '"^ tt« .ccurrence, through- of his b,il.g ibfe to defead ht ert """ "'"' °»°« - twQ iMt Ee ».^e„tedc/d lite'"? ? °P'"'»° ' »» «" • f k ■ ■ '■1 . ■ f) . " ' pi 1 ' '.ft 1 ■? -" *" ' A M p f^^i f • ■ ■ ; HISTORV OF THE WAIt . CHAPTER n. N.T.1 Evenu-Cniise of Commodcre Bogera-The Preside,* ch«es the Belvidera-The Constitution capture, the GuelJ! nere-CapU.n Porter captures the Alert-Cruise of the Presi. dent^Un.ted States captures the Macedonian-The Wasp capture, the Prolick-Privateers-Sensations excited in En^ l^lana. The common observation, that evils do not come alone . but with others linked in their train, xvas never more completely refuted, than at the perioc^ of the mXtunes , of our arms in the west. The nation, overspread with gloom ,n consequence of t^is unexpecW diK.ww 8uddenl:|r consoled iu the most pleasing manner A new worif "ffeS.,a;'* T ^"•^-^""try, and Up^n the «.u V I !^ '''»<«*n will record with wonder, the sin- gular /acMh^ the same year which saw prostrated fte .aespot of the lantH als.. beheld the pride of the tyrant SiLTTnr"- P^*''/ ^"'"^''^J*• ^ ^"«« "f the most brilliant, and wonderful exploits,- on that element, at once raised our naval renown, to a height which do o her had ever^ attained, and which excited the MtonUhment and admiration of Europe. «»t"i«»nineni At the moment of the declaration of war, a squadron under commodore Rogers had rendezvoused under the orders of the government, ott' Sandy Hook, consistin"- of the frigjites President, Congress, ifnited States, and tim brig iornet.^Onthe filsgof June they puttoTa n pursuit of a British souadfinr which hid Sailed as tim conyo J. the West India fleet, the pr^edtng month )Vhile thus engaged, the British frigate Belvidera waa * *i^i' t"i . Presiciei^ the Guer* f the Presi. The Wup Jtd in En- me alone ver more ifortunes ead with iter^ was A new ipbn the the sin- ited Che ! tyrant be most ent, at to other shment uadroft ier the ting of tnd the sea, in as" the nonth. a Hra» t^ HISTORY OF THE WAR. 45 fife with her bow. guns, intending to cripple the Belvi- dera, which returned it with her stern chasers. The firing was kept up forten minutes,. when one of the guns of jthe President burst, killed and wounded sixteen men, and fractured VijtI-, . L,.^-. ^5--. --llli. J • 'i.V i I k 46 HISTORY OP THE WAR. upon them, pesorfpH tn tu^ * • ;:«;?r^^^"*'»^^'^^^r'S:rP'^'«"*; The chase •ght breezes, and partly wSn^'^'Pf/^'^ "the squadron was lek enUrd v S J^V?*! ^^^ Sotlf.^'whea from 80 great a disparity oSr' "'^''S'^*' This escape serving a high ranff'^avfe considered as dS! n^'red at the time. asSin^lf' '•^"'^ ^** """ch ad- The advantage to the fiSh Tn'/h-P'r"'' "*»*'ca» «ki". aWe, when ^1 reflecUhit thl r f " ^''*'^' ^*« consider- af'stanceofalltheboaioff;! "'"T* ^^ssel had the of towing. The suneriorltl f ^^"aji'-on, for the purpose jeamansCip alone PSfunl'K'" """' ^«» thaW terwards proved in a most K"ri*^ur** ^o'nctimes af. Seitb'ertnte Se '^l*'^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -o^ of and a chase instanfi. *^''"*''» * ^«S8«' hove in si^ht v^ed to be the oSerrone "?T;- J*^^^ «»»» ^O" British navjj and S 'C ° H ''^^H'S^t^ «« the contre, as she backed her Zn T^'^f'^'^/^'^'^^he ren- Constitution to come down Th/^P""''' ^*'t'"? ««• the occurrence to our braveter's aI/hJ.7' \ T'* desirable time been in search or-nl' '*^.*"'sfrigate had for some a formal chalK to «S''*"/"S**«' having ri^^^^ She had at onT^fVr JstK'' f ^he ^a-e^^ass ' name was inscribed in iT^ll^^ ^ ^'^' <"» which her wnade, and on anoS.pl i ^ character?, by way of eas- inallusion t^the b^l^^^'^^'l^/:"^ given that vessel hi? '1^' '^'^'ch the President bad rooked ii;:t,ii oft" '^r"' j^^ ^^^rZ^s^ ceedinglj. anxious „1a7ntPe^g;,??? affected tobeex- enemj. The Constitot^on ho:n l**!""®'' '^™'" the new now bore down, ^^-171 Jf*'^''' T^^ ^^' action, It was the intention of canSnlSi^fu'^'?*''"- ^t fi^^t action immediately ; but o^;Lj""' *° "?""« her to close gave a broadside {nd ailed aw'i^ Tk*^'" gun-shot, she broadside on £he other taclrJ^f/' *i*" ''O^^ giving a now continued weaHnl InT **"* "^'^hout effect! Tfier for three qua4«X?hourTeT''"?' '"^ ^'^"^ «'^-^ ''^ ^ ■ tW )*(■** \ ' 4T ■a ^ fllSTORl^ OP THE WAR. her. CaptaCK «/^h ' J^*''\?'^ ^ come up with taking tbfs conduct on the oart offhl a ^ ^^ *"«'"^' ">*»' . Jer. (Sr want of skill, cSued to nn^."'"?!'.'^'^'""*"- sides with a view to rrTr.! l- ° P"^'' ®"' *> s broad- Constitution,ToU gufflLJi%-56«"J^^^ JroX officer twice come on deckwiS, .-Sf /'''eadj' had an of the men had be^nffi A^^fi^f""'"**'^ cpew, though burninff w h imL^^ "^ ^""^l ^he gallant the orders V therfommaSS 1^1 ''''"*'^ '^^'''ted looked for, at last arrived 8«tnn * ''^ moment so long '«$ seconded the views of •7fl^!"?'*^'' Ajlwin,havt skill, in bringing the v^L,.t,H*P^'I' *'"» adm^able ed, orders wie aivL Tt fiL !f'"^ V^^ station intend! fire broadside aftKoadside^n^n '' ^^"'"^ ^^^> ^^ ^ ?o - crew instantly, discovered fh»' V"^ succession. The ntoit,with JirespTrtlhecirc^^^^^^^ *"^ «»t^'-eJ to inspire. Never wasVn v ^"^^"^^taice was calculated teen minutes the vL.7lU.{;?"Tu^ dreadful. For fif. co.rtinuedoneblaze;a^^^^^^^^^^^ %p intermission. The enemv W '"'''^'•H^'th scarce ^e boapd,andhe 8t,.■. ^-4^ - 4i!\iM 'M-^)^' '^4-,^ Vf ^.«;4.\. ./I i*^i« - -T, ^ ^ > ■ )IK« if; •fjp^l^^^* '' *'; ''.»|» JB8T0RY it» TMg WAE. 4V iiQrclulntmen under oonvnv ««• - r • x at a difltaoce until niStdLr^ ** 'ij**?': ''«^n« 'tept dwd and fifty sow3 on K* ^!U ^'^''."^ ''ith a huS. for 14,000 doTkrt Tthe men t"^Ji ^^ch wa. ransomed war. T^e commodore rei^7Jd^n J? "f .?"""« *''• jJpoT^Va;, „ infh J'i^' t* '•«<',««- Sorter, ^ hundVe•«» M uni/orrolvsWn to Sk^'^''*^'^^^ *l»e propos^ J,d, *L ^it P™'*""^ tpS^ent to Ksaex j preparation wm imm J:!? ^^^^^''oe towardslhe th R k '^'1 -m?. d'h'.' A»- '..>/ 'mr i^ V , - 1,4. ^' '. '//Y\ 'If' " ■ ■>• h*s*/ • C!f -■ .■ .t'-ti-^ , " VJ x,% n^li?^^-; ^hi »HS^ T-y^%yw i*» 11^*;*: id nSTOMT OF ffBB WASH. the northward, % which the fiBMxgavechaM, bittlM VHDds being light, the made her escape. The Biaex WM afterwards chased fay the two «hips seen to the soiflli^ wiard, but escaped in the night by akilAil malKtoavrtv* On the 8th of Oct with 200,000 dollars on board, and on the 30th of DecdA- Mbr arrived afBosten, after a very snecessfol cruise. The Argus was not less fortunate j ^ter^parting from the squiUliiDn, she cruised, in every dNtHtion; between th# conrinentand the West-Indies, and after being out nine^ S-six dayt, she returned to Nfew-Y4>rk, with prizes to e amount of two hundred thousSg^d dollars. I^e made various hairbreadth escapes ; at one 'time she wis chased bv a British squadron for three ^ys, and several time* almost surrounded; she wMtotfe moment within irfiiol shot of a 74, and yet in th^|i|d8t Of all this- peril, sheac- tuatly cimtured and miRtied one of her prizes. The United States, tommanded by that distingtiishcd officer commodore J^lc^tur, soon ifter her separation . from the squadron, bad the good forttme to add another victory to our Naval Chronicle, not less glorions than' that of the Constitution. OnitheS5th of October, offtfitt Western Islands, she fell in with the Macedonian, captidn Carden, a fri^ of the largest class, caning 49 gate and 300 men,^' The Macedonian^ being to Windward, ihe had it in her power t» choose her distance, and it no time were they nearer than muskeg shot; from this cir- cumstance, and the prevalence of ar heavy sea, the action lasted nearly two hours, llie superiority of the Ameri- can gunnery, in this action, wiM very remarkable, both for its greater rapidity andeffitct. FVom the contiiHted UiB^ of her guns, the United States was, at one moment, thought by her antagonist to^ be on fire ; a mistake of very short duration. Onboard the Macedonian ther« were 36 killed and 68 wounded. Slie iMt heMnainnast^ i. V 1 ' r -" 9k m 1 y' - ^^ jf*^ - - ^' [^ip^ f y -i A >. • ■ 4^ rf 'S^ m ' 1, 4. -/■' i^^ &\'.*j > ^^M^^ ' g^iii . ■..., .J j^ ^ ■B feijivk-M ^jMj^ms^ ^^jtdaS^^^^Sm nm ■I ■ A ""•W^P? 1 '- ij h4< / "pr r" f»- MBTOWf (IP Ti^ W4» rank, of whomthe comnjodow spoke in the hidiest term« Lie«ten«t Alien was on this occLion high! A^la^^ «XiS.l J?^^.P"^* CpmniQdore Decatur, already a SilthLfffijk* ^«''! »''»wn to oaptam Hull : nor JM tfcere denied him that new spec es of praise, which ters z.'**'*?^«"^Ar<^"«ea«^enLiTifrr»i; S-J^y^etoiSi/nf *^ *''* T"2?' *" theprivatJ ^tJtr:: "•^^-'-tn.'^t waj^n'itT ^it m safe hands, to be appropriated to the-^BSon #«i maintenance of the uobappfwphanfl. sicha^o? Ujjeros^y and benevolence, !Kserrto\ ^uedfroi «iI!;!k*^*"'P °^*''* "**'*» ^^ ■«»''cely time to subside when the wefcome news of another victory wwVeceiled t fo^e^^IL'''*':,*"^*'"^ •»"«* decidedly s^iirioi7 in fo«e,«^ under drcumstances the mostfavKte to fcira. ITns was the capture of thebrie Frolick of m «..2 « a; ?ar«f S.r''" '^**'^ *^* ^ecUvation of war,i3 ar.i'?i!!!*rj' 8!^*j»° which the wi^isii;;)^: rtlie following di^, »© W«*|i fouitd herself near five atcan^ siOl, Ind m tWy ,&«» •4 t:la-;f.i- ;'r f'!^'-'- Si!*' :^;. ■"•mmmimilim,. S^. nff; *■' » "' '/&;,»iVj HISTOpr OF|iH« WAIfc "«/ were discovered to b^ «Tr mf. l x l?"*^'"*®™'"* duras to England, under a stroZ '''""** ^'^"^^♦fr^^Hw^ two 8hip8,aFm'ed with gfrLn ^ ^'^"^o^of * brig AiS ^ Proved Vbe theVoli^^TwPk'!^''^"eA^^ f^ h-nrf wb le the othe« mad^Jl jl ^57?$?'' dipped b«. paned fo. action, at 32 m ^J ,, „?t* J^^P* be&gpre- w«»dwa7d in handson^Ttyrihln f^'^K:**'"* ^^^ *» ^ tbey^mj's cannSf a7d m^si:^.?'* »;«•» ^as begun wf, and approachinjr still nearpr Ihl-^l. ^'»» ''M 'etum- pTTant CCe^eTo f:rr A%f '^^^^ '7 ••0"Sh, the muzzles „ri» B® *«*'»«»"« exceeding- times ulider wS^r? ThI EniHilf IP !i^°* T'* ««»*- rwe aothattheiV^S^ot ws!X?5hS^'* ** ***•• *«»» ed the rigKing of the AmJriSns I ST w '"^^^ *^*^*^'»- tn»ry, 6red as she sunk ««1 ' ^ ^"^P* <« *e con- hler iitagonS The ivSs *n«7 & *?"»«> «»« hull of and theTresumed her PosTtLr Th? J^l^l!,"^^* •»«*•» evidently slackened ftnVNhiw "® ?«» ick's fire had until in tTie Iwt broadsfd? tS^f ?' ^'t^H^l'^ "«*^ her, their rammers. irwisSowdfej**"!^*'!**,'**'. "^« '^ith Kiped on the WspV whL .rrS^ ^P""!? "P "^ another ■»•!««« fi"^ .'^® "* 'o"^ one Lauf and Wit . .f J >tight proper lymoriiiiift »fromHo^ ong, which dropped b«. » being pre. le dowB to was begun '88 return', rought ^er last of the' i maintop* I, render- Bit of the Hzentop. Kceeding- Bre sonie- ir vessel or touch?^ the con* i'e hull of ikcd her, fire had u-ed her, de wiUk ■ bj th« veenth* • rtergir^; they re- therig- t some-i i impa- tt, and ip and Qg|and inned^ imcers ipperj i nun. ,■> : Hisioaar ii Ti^ WAfi. ^tt^ ^ MMWom witnessed. As he advaBcad th« fcwe'rJlItifr *'^t^"*'^^*'» «»b"S- The vSKm d^iS VJ"«: ^h^*-* Mng no searaan left to St «n?£?Tj ,i»«')enant fiiddle leaped into the riir. £ iSlf ^l''*"'***. ^ ^'""'n '^ hw owrhands. Thw of Mifk X?^' -"rrfete j^ssessiorw'as Its wo rroncKyaiter one «tf the most bloody conflirfa «nir unteSl^V^i'Vn**"^- The cJndJSS^ISlJ birth d*rk«i^^*?* inexnr^ibly shocking. The wwndS . l!UB&^\ with tfteilead, the dying and the SrdealiSlBSSf ' ""^'^^ r^ after/ell,*coyerii^^ inelancholy w^SPr^^ Jejying.W a most sur^n »L^ *• .^aP*«"» Jones int on board his theKLi '^r'!?""*'^*"'"*^'* '''«««»<" iatheir relief, to ts"&killtenf; ^^' '?»«•» board the Sck «J1 t;iS i*5 *"'* ^*y wounded j on boari the Waan Sie moi?*H'.°- ^^* «''^*Jyr «"»^««^' This wL ctS? we most decisive action fought during the war ThI r^«».- t* *''* Poictiers, captain Beresford. "^ ^ Mptain Jones spoke of all his officers and men in hand celebrated combat, was touched upon with all Uiat m J« ' ^Tluir^:^:1''''^T'^^' As^manTl' weot JacfcLang, fromiChestec county, Pennsvlvanii Sr^S^KSi'^^^J ''*'^''»^ been twice impreTsSd^by t£ ciSil't^'***' ^^thw occasion, witkunus^bSery tember*' Th^r* ?^f ^-York tc^ard. the la^JTeS YoH? !^H iLi '^'»5'eg»sjat>»'-e8 oftMassachusetts, New^ presented hira %»ith their thanks, and several elS E«H%?? P'«««»/J plate, and' the Co^ess o?fh* yn ted States voted him. his dftcers. and crew «5 rSS w> bnngin the Fitoiick. lie was soon after promoted to 5* V . 4 .W^. •**««*«*a«a*fe > fir. tf'^TtMlt OM^ was; 2f p. §^n«r»" J constructed for sKft gS^ StJ ^hich th«f Americans eftcel every XJ SS2S* in *Il" contests thev «Yhik:f«ii *i.I ^ people. In their manded |«r cpttt Moffiit OnX ^r? «f a1^27: fell in with ti*o arinpil ahin. If« j «i ** Aogatt hi captured them hiS fci P^' . *'.^***'' ? ««▼••« •ction* •»S ofX^nti*^;:^'* ^ »°* •"« «« ^i»«*ore than* 6flf:j':iPks"'Si:^^^^^^ «nd for hractiii?i?in^l *'" °^*\* enemy's ressete. M the WoS^nJCh^^^^ H« commodore B/okVl^ jlr. '^^"'^** ^^ * sguadroii, undef. ■■• entertS f^tst prtSe^rSTJr ?".«>- P^jX hia •KnloWa Crj I L . "> *"" theimtatobn which aoon becami unleiStood tLv i «. * "'*!'»P«P«"- « under the same reSnsIl l^S ''^^ sUnce in which thfy Jittered fr«t?h„ *?!*' ' ^•'*^""* that in feet, pritSeVupX wm not L ° ^'^V'*^"? » •:^si '* Vifj 1 J • W ..i'-|? lV ,'T" T fifi spr- ' msneoKt m Tfm VTAMi / li jliijMjMe i»rt; and that the gallantly display jMTd these vessels, bestowed alSost as much Limr ^ i^Z* ♦? ****** ••^. • P"*'"*^'' ^^'^^ter ; there weJlS tterefore,the same inducements to correctness of deport- Sf^S '* **"i"°* •* '*«*»»«*'» however, that on some icca- S2ItV3"!i?S -•J"''*^*' r*?P*":*^ privateeramen were treated w^th a degree ofliarshness, and even crueltv, which nothing can justify. vrucuj, ^g^j"**;* ^*''» one ofow oldest and most distin- ^ gafshed naval heroes, but who had, for manv vears, M a private Ufe, entered this service. GommidoWSWS •iited from Baltimore in the Rossie, and, in the courS* a few months, did more havopk in the British commwcS Sl^ ^!7'"*°r!if*. '^^i? *hl*^«ch cruisers for ?! IJe fame of tins ^lant olBcer was already weB known to the enemy, particularly i^ the captor of bne of £e rewlItiJn "" "^""^"*""' ''®'*«*» *^e *'onk, during .i^S^fii" ?| i?°"*"*l berinning of our ntvalwarfar^ «inst Great Bntam. In tie cojrseofa fe# monSr ^0 of her finest frigates surrepdered, eachXr 5 ' few tfinutes fightings and a most dedded victcJy^ Mined over an adversary , confessedly superiour. bZ * hundred and fifty vessels were captured from the ewroy. I? iJ!"""%*5f ° *^'^* "•'^"'»*"'* P"/«n«" take". Upw«^' of fifty oftiiem were armed vessels, and carryiL five kllm^i';;'* nr*^-*"*u8un8. To'co„Lrba7ari?etWr immense loss, the enemy had but a small account Bythe • cruise of commodore ftodgers, our merchantmen ^hsd captured was but triiing cbmpared to theii^. The FrSck i?.. ^'^^aZI "ir* '*^"» ^*''« "^P^^^ in • way to give no credit to the captors. Two other smailef ves- J^enZStrJ ^*Plr^ [y '«»"'\?/«°« ^ ^^ first 1 4V. twentieth of Julv, the schooner Nautiliis, of twel^ ijunr commanded by lieutenant Crane, captured by the frWta Shannon, the leading ship of the sqiadron. The V^n ^was captured the twenty-second of Noverakr. bv th« ' Northampton frigate, Sir^JamesYoe. NotToSjjtfte^r Sj I -> i~ ^ i tti\ ^ ^iL'%fi^A^ ■ '4't- »****''^''''''^iteiBS&j|W««'' ' *s*>»*^(Ai^c .$*■ '.'■ v-< J" «""f5^. t^fK '^'>if ' i\ % i^ •» f '«(/*>>!' M mmmr .ovmm& war licklj thanked bv «7j»« ^^e occasion^ he was pub, declined, as he could n?t7iX«fL •*"•"''' «T"»wlj in which hig officers anil rl? ^fffjemng any benefits^ g«HM» office '*°'' *"*« """•'J' "fabraMui the proclamatioK ^u?/e„err^^^ : whereaa - witK idle fustion The BrS ^^J T* ^^ °?*" ^"*^'« our «bitaofB*rln».i k ^.""™ had threatened to drive Bolation for thim ;L*v^ ' .*i howeTer, sought coii^ «?d fming^SSlves f^^^^^^^ P"^^»f? ^«°«d;, . iK.tl.in^ta.SeXwl^l'S^Sp^^^^^^^ !•» ..tions of Providence are Utter f&k • J*® djspensa- :-i M? ' 1 4* 1 1 r *^ ■ I> 1 I '"J . € Pjfcr'; 11 m;:A' C 1: ' b r '' n 1 " S 1 - m 1 , - e] ■• '\ ■■ sc 1 ■ ^ th 1" p« "I ' CO 1* ' sti w' ■ GO ■ «l i':- !? '"%- .* ^ •_ wreckeds '^ixen, maclt ^; annive and »tion f for ititied t» t wanting 1^ repu- loorj oil added tb achieve^ I'erj cot- US ofouff whereas en filled to drive and we le navj B;ht cott* Canada, &> IC8. In spensa- ►t men. with ne J part, tonide '«M«l8^ having ,7 ightdo" .'"< se wea ^' K- - HISTORY OP THE WAlk ^'V^'t.^F^^l^f-' Pi ^ ST. 5?e"SriJ?n*ral'^t f '^"^ ^ ^*7 Stance. .»d ahe tur?ed hT etenrfour?*?*^'?" *i" ^^^^ might contend on e^lllSr^^"' ^''^ ^P^*^* *^^^ ^^ •wrilj account for t1?e Ifcr* » *"' she coaldnoti^r • nagement of the 8hiM a^a^^^"* soperiority in thenJ-: cZnitteerS iS ^Ty* **« •«* «>" f^ might learn to cope with this-nSTthS !S' *^^*^^y e»t»*ordinar/ enemy. iJSi ■"rt I fSj"' *w • ■-, ■-.. ... -.»■)■ ftl f .' i ■ ■'•.-■'•T»^" ->-J 5t HWTORY or TUB WAB jfPMiMylYaBiatnd Yirwnk exhibited ffre«t alacSiT ^ ^ii?i JT -!?• ^•^^f^'^aed « the bigfeestS. g"*«' i'lvil puranits were &lmfMiM««^.i,.. ZLii. ^II_ STmiHK:. SIm ■****■ ."S' themgelve. to wor( in p^p^^ ftSnl"*^ ctotWaaatid knapsack, for their relajliwSnd friends, and cheerAiny contributed from their hoBMbSd * stockjaucKarticle^as their soldiers iniaht ^mS* r«» tte next There prevailed every where, the mosta^n^ itlS'^^lr »*"??"• Thiadmirition^^cTK weites, IS not lessened by the reflection, that tto v weJJ bat acting in i^f^efence-; for excepting in thTJiSJ^ •etdemeats, and merely on the fromieF, there wTbut httle to apprehend if^m the Indians s thrsTtttointo banng bpcome so considerable in the westemrtSSffi ^would be unppssible for the enemy to ^SSfilv T^ZY^'^ »^*"»ted by an enthusiastick lovVefSuSSi J ^nerous spirit, which could not brook the thouStS ^u'^P^'^f'L '^^"*«^» 0''tb>t» part of thetwri^S ^\ur'*:i^^''\t'''Vf '^ T*»"«** into SitSd^f Iwrkpn!?®?^*! ^'i®*u""'i**'"^ *''*^«"'' Which was now m^f f„* ' <»«P'»Je*»t»»e character of a free people, in the most interesting point of view. *^ »»««« Louisville and Newport had been apoointed m th«i ll'^X^'^Sa^^^yons^fo'rthe troops desffitothedd QfHuU. So numerous were the volunteers from Ken^ tucky, who offered their serviced here, that it^ tS»n founa necessary to issue orders that iomow w"ldbS rcceivedf and manv companies, thus disapSintS. were compeUed to torn tack. *^The command o/^Sie KentS wWa, was assigned to nneral ftiyn^ The siuneiE iJnty was imimfested in t^ state of Ohio, whichT ittt S?iKE ^•^«"W»^*»»»«WHnteer8, under Srte- rjl Crook., were marched toErie.and4.brigade of t^fti- SSf "f?«i8«"»e«» Leftwiteh, was to joXe treoM^ keKentuol^ •* ' ^-t M'. dfco «illei ^ 'k' •tl^ \ ~ i (V ^^#t"sl?^ ^P-J# .>»74r^-nr '^y^r^-^ ^ mawmr »f the war! r- grwterpart^whichhad been«nH8t«dm the Wm«^ cwntrjr wBce the war, were deitined S/Lfw.^ Md MnnU tines attemMed to take it^ L!rl?**'"» 'i' I *V> ■'* - *» lW »»4 W»|fc f > !■; f 5iBii'3ffin?te." 60 HiaXORY OP THE WARi ''TM ■ ™~ ^t • i°*«».»> but was aoon overtaken k? « mH. •enser, wiU, information of his promotionT^On' ti^ he accordingfj. resumed the commuid. **" place of ultimate destination" His Jorw^on^A?; lrtt.de of Kentucky militia, f„.r hundred 3^™ .»J Aemsdve8,ntothe Ohio, on the south, a^dthieS discharge themselves into the lakes on th« m^tK fk • "f rthiK-^a^iHSiS! StL Tt'fi,SiLTSi ™* deep forests ."JdcK inwiteis. 10 raciatate the passage throorii this Wiiil»P Sy /kn *' Harrison proceeded to Fort St Marv's Jor the purpose of transporUnf supplies bythe 7nx • Gjaise, a branch of the M&. T'lied?tiSitn{nLf!.r ♦£- pu^e, wa. placed under thecomrXT^^S'^^ on «ccounToW.*'°*P' proceeded slowly on theirmarch, pn account of the precautions necessary to avoid hu^A^ m » country higtly favourable f^ffi w^ w ^it^^M^ fl>iiai-£sitiu 1 t i * ym ^y-. ^»*SiMinr^ THE WAR. .Lmff-^ ?^5^. ^'^^ wtr whoop, and took-DOsaei. i*i^M8m«rch,^r Indians fire^iJ^Hi*,*i**/£I ifr^had began to gq»rexceii.MnSvI?J./*?^J.^^ ' ttet BpleasaatiT rectified by «itf (■ «#t , .V ^ f^ii A) 1 WF HISTORY OP THE WAR. . J^'jk t«j niln align Port tk&uM, the; M Men »n'l *b«^ forty miles above that place, where he had erected a blook-houM thirty of hia trooprs, was despatched with orderito |en- Bwgs^o forward the provitions ; this was promptlr obey^ *?•„ ^m^'Mrvrd retiirned at tha escort to a hngSe otpaokhorset^on which thej wer« loaded, afbr having been for thirtj-six hours exposed to an incessant rain. . 1* ''^y f"?^^§»y« "•'^ '»ft*n<> "P'rits to tha atarvtng t"L^i\ « "^'* ^a^ 'H^? "*■" *••"« *»''«« possession^ Fort Defiance. 1 he Bntish and Indians had precipitately descehdfd the river.^.-On the4tb of October, «nerti Warrlson left the fort and returned to the seMiaienia, Jtth a view of oiigani*infe|nd bringing MP the centre aft^ right wing of the army j m left wingKaving been plaoMi under the command of general WincbesterrOrders wef« given to general Tupper, by the commander in chief; |o proceed^oimediately to the Rapids, with about one th^ sand men, for the purpose of driving the enemy froin tlu^ place.,',} ,, ^ . ^ ■;, {T^ m intended expedition of generkl Tupper proved abortive. ThegsMral, in consequence of the damaged state of the»mromii«on, and the length of time reqiiisita to prepare the necessary provisions, was considerably de- layed. In the mean while the Indians had killed a'man on the opposite side of the river, arid almost Within gvii Sl!ii. * **"* *^*»P- Wf >»««tto araw, and ordered mSor • JSwsh to cross over with aboiit fifty men, and exnloretii^ woods, whiloa strong detachment would be formed for the purpose of supporting him. iq case of attack, the partr had no sooner fnoved, than all in camp began ti^ bli !517' ^"^l^ •' thirty toother, in orJer^oS 3 m the chase,^and by no exe^on of authonty could Ae* bckept backj so totally insensible were iey S lij ■v; ^J. ,,:w -m ■tfi •1 1 1 - ^ 1 >• 'f V ,-A- '■■M.'^'''\ ^'#>\: >ttr*'" H n«r;^!S3iSP*!!ter.?™5"''« ®' **>•/ «»"•* ii«»« bent SiJilJr^ i^Miitfly after tbis/oi^rs were ij^ order m^ be couotern^aded , ffi^SSng^ei^d &tJS2il&"?h''^ re.utti^i:^SdeW.l. jaeoee of *ych colonel Alten recel4fpffi wdew^ kMjn tothe cmof Oblo,thej Rntttively |^.ed 1o mechanical ei^(^«!^, and not permitting their Lnman- de«.«,««w on. Ike thia, to tSpIt for4m. STI?; together, awl am kent in « hMttr' . .niieo:..* ii .• ^ time, to leim ,._ ,„.. „ p„^^, »uoorainaaon ntoi Joge^reatrainbi of virtue and the iawi, are to the man of LailJ!n'f^^V^^^7 *<>''»•* «»«• the arrival of the Lattat'i^dif?t •jmeYnemlly Indmnt^ whom xenep^t HarSfhad i5^ ceived into hia service at Fort^ayne, the «?«lter nHt h^»r£i;SS"rMH^°- l^tb2rS?USd h*v* P««v«nted their iNsomini «»ur enemies : it w«W edby war. How«vfr contrair to onr maxims and iSw self defence j and we afterwards sufficiM^lv eSed^ ^conduct of those Indians, that it is mrtLSwte^ • f 'e#'; '■ "■(SBa''^' ^ ,„: •f^-Jsfit ^ 0^ ^ »i?t ^ ««idR«>-i^%j!U^^|^i r' ■;|fr'^ ^General Tippet^hwiiiiriilxime^ t(^Ui4NH»«, #ilh his nwioted men, va« despfttched wtth Ili^dWMiii ,df the and mijiea, »nd » reg^iteiitof rogulgw, to F«rt while th« right%ing, e<6h»*8tingof a Peiiii»tlvaW» AjB^i Vii|imabrj^d«, Mr»«*rdet^dlijS»tjdii8ky. Miir^* On his arrival at Fdf t M'^|wq g^tnA Topper #* eamzed aiiothei' o&peditioii»-li|H}««d of abantlra bail, dredmen, #ith.a view of proceeding to the Rapidii Having provided himself withi ouppHr of pravfihi& M ffve mntMs jfttrched oft the i*ftth, %ad on &• thirteentk appi-oachelvvithia thirl«eii mileg of the p|ii| whkh hi British affd Indian*. A nttitiber Of boati and amalt ve^ «el» ^ere 8e#ii I viog below. Ott receivhtg tjilt inform.* turn, he Advanced within H few iiiil«i^th« RapidSi and then halted until sunset, with a view olJbrogiiiMtth^ rivem and mafcteg an attack the next moflS^ h*^ breakj ibe rapidity of Ac current was suiivli^hiya^iDpt^ were ineffectual j aianj of the men, whe endeavoured «» <^9, were swept dowi|||| stream^ and it wte tfa«ag|Vl' advisable to order those?, Wlw hid actuilir paSMd, to Wf turn. It was now resolved to resort test poslible, to decoj tiie eneaiy ov*ri ' FW Ikm^mfw^* ««» ly in the mornitig, he shewed tiie hetdi^NP^lunZ bj advanem| some distance out of the woodtr™ an opett 8pa«e opposite the enemi*! c4mp* A;,grMl^cottiiigioa appeared to enstie ; thosein^e Mel slipped their c«# », Wes, anddescended the riv*, wMie* the Indian wone& were seen 8oamperin| ofTon %: rond to Detroit A iirl wtt then oipened n|k»n tiie Aniieriitensi witbutaskett^ and a four pounder. Tupper^ iCratltein did not pe/. fectfy sVcceed j but few Indians al^biit seemed dUpoiwl tocrropef td return. Se? nadnotpitKseededfar, when some of the men, nnfortu>~ nately, centrtiry to erdiCB, fired «»* a drote of how, u4* pur9ued tl^«oni*«phee^n4 i^^t^ e(}t«|||I^M3^ *'^- H«.« ■wtit 4?^^^S^;,'^>4 kahilis itinera pper ol* aixhaii- i^ lirteentlbl ^hkh he ihof*h# ■. (iffems*- ^^Ithd '^ bii tirtt^-^ ■■ fbreab^? ittenptliL t . »red«» , to rcj J I, and if" iBopcnt womflO; A fir» isketrjr * lot per- j ^ , Itpwad ' >^ umber,. ^ M^r V » miriit ^ i. He ^ '* ^>^*v# :^i.-.: '^ HISTORY OF THE WAR. 65 iient, entered a field to pull corn. At this moment, a body of mounted Indians rushed forward, killed four men, md attacked the rear of the right fiank. The co- inmnbeme thrown back, commenced a brisk fire, and caused the Indians to giveground. The Indians rallied, »nd passing along the van-guard, made a charge upon the J®*' !>' we left column: this column was also thrown bnskljr back j all attempts to break it were unsuccessful, and in twenty minutes, the Indians again retired. Gon* **?^°jB *|w only preliminary to an attack of foot, gene- ral Tupper ordered the right column to move up in raarchiB^rder, to prevent the attack from being made on tiieir^{ht flank. Information was now received, that we Indiana were crossing in cobsiderable numbers ; m thu,the4eneral ordered tfie left column to take up the varohteg order, and proceed to the head ofUe right co- lumn, whew a nnmber of Indians had already crossed on horseback, others still in the river, and about two hun-' 4red on (he opposite bank. These, a battalion was or- dered to dislodge, which completely succeeded in the undertaking, many of them being shot from their horses in the nyer. The different charges of the Indians were led by thefiimous chief Spllt-I^, who rode a fine white hor^e, rrom which he sometimes fired, at other times alighted, and fired from behind a tree. The horses appeared to have been much superiour to those which (he Indians ge- ' nerally ride, and they were well supplied with holsters and pistols. The Americans were compelled to return in baste, as their provisions were by this time enth-ely exhausted, and they had to march forty mile* before they eould obtain a fresh supply. ' While these things jwere taking place in the North- western army under general Harrison, other Events de- 9ennn|F attention, transpired further to the westward, under different leaders. We have seen that many of the companies equipped for the service of the United Slates, were dismisaed, as exceeding the number required, or the number for which supplies had been provided. The ■ ■wnt for volunteering was excited to so high a degree, that the pwple oould not be satisfied, without havii^an 6* 4 r'%} ft a^TOHT OP THK ITJUC ppportunitj of ddns wmething. Vincenn(», The army reached Fort Hlurrison about tiie tenth, anil on th« Covrteenth crosfed the Wabash, arM proceeded on its march a^nst the Kickapoo and Pe«ria towns ; tii» first about eighty miles distant, the other»ab(mt one bun* inbred and twe nt;j'. Its march lay through 9pen pkuii eover- ed with a lazunant grass, which in auJtamn becomes very ^, and (ibmbustiblfe. Murmurs and dhuxmtents soon be^ am to shew themselves in this unwieldy and Ml coyipaet^, M body, which was kept together tiy no discipline or au-^k thority. Everyone consuned his own will $ inliM:t,hnt little could bo expected. from this *< press (rf'^valry'^w They had scarcely be^n four days on tiieir mardi, «meo they demanded to be led back $ a"^ migor, wllsse name it ist unnecessary to remember, rode up to the genend^ and pe- remptorily ordered him to return I Anfdenhad begun tn prevul, that the guides were ignorant of the country, and that the course was the opposite of that which tiiey direct* cd. An unlucky' occurrence, towards evening, ^gave the finishing bliv^ to this i^ty expedition. A nistof wind had' arisen, irhile they werei^ncamped, whieh blew violent-* ly towaiwls them $ soon* after, the grass was discovered to be on fire, and the flames approaching with great ve- locity^ This was supposed tt> be an Indian attadc i it would have been a FormicJAble one, had they notsetfire . to the grassaround their camp,lBjDd thus arrested#epro* ^ - gresS w the flames. The next morning^ counoi^ <^« ■ cers was called, and the ffeneral,^ seeing th&i(Me of the army, or more prpperly of the croyd, propogU to proceed { . against the Indian tawnsj^ttr^Jbuhdoed men, if thatj number would yolu^te^ their servicei^ while the n- «. ji-<-^;.i*r- - f-v^r t , Y .;-v^. mStORY OF TEE Wmt^ en munder mig^t return to Fort Harriton. Wh'enrthe pn»> posal was imde to the men, not one wf^ld tarn oQt } tlw ^ general having entirely lost his popularity. He then re« chested to be permitted to direct the operations of tiiat sin^edajj this being agreed to, he placed himself at tijieir head, and gave orders to march ; but instiad of following him, they turned round, and pursued a> contra^ ^ ry.direfstton. Finding it useless to attempt anj^ thing furtiier with suchva body, be followed m its rear to Fort Harrison^ They saw no Indians dttrinff their murdti^ Hmr number must have causied iHn^t formidable ap< pearance in the pnurie, particularly as they were nearly all on horsebacks The expeditioln was by no m«ans use* Ims, as it impressed the enemy with a#ahirmingidea of the.nundiers which we could bring against t^ipi. No In*- ference unfavourable to militia, can be juBtly drawn from this body, or to the individuals who composed it : for it . was nothing more than a crowd of armed n|^ under no command. '^^ The same offieer, sometime in November, led anotiier partv, with more success, against the townl at the head of the Wabash. On the Uth, he a^n s«t out frodi Fort Harrison, with about 1200 men j while at tWe same time, seven boats, under thb command of lieutenant caio^ nel Barber, ascended the river with supplies and provi- sions. On the lOth, he reached the Prdpiiet's town, tx^ immediately despatched 300 men, to surprise the Wipe« bago towns on Fence Passu < creek. The pafty, under • colonel Butler, came upon the placa about day breaki^ ' ^ but found it evacuated. This village, toother with the Prophet's town, and a large Kickapoo village, contain- ing one'hundred and twenty cabins and huts, were des- troyed, together with the winter's provision of torn. Until the 2 1st, no Indians were discovered, when they fired on a small party, and killed a man of the name of Dunn, a gallant soldier of DnvaA's company. The next day, ^'-:A^'alQ^rS^ «f^!s'^pr""r;; ■vi P- ' I 68 ^ISTORr OF THE WAR. w!rekiIM,woiiBaedandmi«,iHg. The princip«I awnp of the Indians having been discovered, preparations were made to attack it, but on approaching it, the enemy was found to have ^ne off fheir situation was reniark- ably strong, being qn a hifi;h bank of the Ponee Pjs- M, and no means of ascending but through some nar-/ row ravines. The inclement season advUncing rapidlW It was deemed prudent to think of ^turning, particular- ly as the ice inthe liver began to obstruct the passain. rhe success and gowl conduct of this detachmentforaw *r^ r. 1 contrast vnth the firsf, and proves that mihtia, after having been sometime embodied, becomes as good troops as any other. This corpssttflTered exceed- ™g[J> *"« ^^m^i a murmur ; many of them were sick, and to use the words of the general, many were « shoe- less and8hirtles8,»» dwing the eold weather of this sea- son. These repeated incursiotts would doubtless strike terrour into the enemy, and operate>owerf«lly ipon th© only sense to which we could appeal. _ We have passed over, without neUcing, but with the intention of r^ordmgift a more distinguished manner, the a^nsrable defence of Port Harrison, whidi was time- Jr relMsved by ^neral Hopkins, on his first expedition. Ihia fort was invested about the same time with fort Wayne, by a large body of Indians, some of whom had affected to be friendly, and had, the day before, intimat- ed ta captain Taylor, that an attack might soon be «x- -jpeted from the Prophet's party. On the evening ef the" UNTd ot September, two young men were killed near the Fort, and the next day, a party of thirty or forty In^ dians^ from the Prophet'sJown, appeared wkth a white flag, under pretence of obtaining provisions. Capt Tay- lor, aospecting an attack that mght, examined the arms OF bis men, and furnished them with cartridges. ITie nrnsonwi^ composed of no more than eighteen effec- tive men, )t;he commander and the greater part of his company haying suflfered very much from 8ickne8.s. For sometrmepast, the Fort had actually been considered in- capable^ of resisting an attack. About eleven o'clock, the uight being very dark^the Indiana had set fire to one V- I . * '■ 4 St^'SiS&'i.'. H •'«. 'li^W^W^'f''' the •f.'*' r h »# ^ « of the block hoii8esah|»erceited. Every, effort was mide ' to eztinguttK tiicrflniQefli bat without effect j a quantity of Whiskey)''amotint dthcr atores, belonging to the con- tractor, depositecflhcire, blazed op, and immediately en- ▼eloped the whole in a flange. Tike situa(|um of tiie Fort became desperate ; the yells of the Indians, the shrieks of a number of wonMn and children withii^radded to the horrours of the nipt, altogether ^prodaced a.||nrifick seene. Tw» soldiers, giving themselires up for lost, Isaptid over the pickets, and ^of tkem was instantly eit to pieces. The commanWl^ intk great presence of mind; ordired ^e ropfs to be^Aen off the adjoining bar- : racks ; 14hs attempt, with the assistance of Or. Clark, fortunately preved successful, alth<||di made under a shower ofboAets. A breast work waa then formed, be- fore morning, six or ei^t feet high, so as to cover the space which would be \St by the burnt block houSe. The ' firing continued until day-li^^t, n^hen the Indians retired, ' after suffering a severe loss } that of the Fort was only three killed, and a few wounded. The Indians, dis- couraged by the failure of this* attack, thought proper to ritiroj and made no further . attempts, until uie place wi(s happily relieved by the arrivi^l of general Hopkins* Inconsequence of his conduct, captain Taylor was af* "tolrards promoted jbi a majority. Aii^o^r expedition was undertaken by xolonel Rus- seUl^wj^ tkm companies of United Stages rangers, and a jwi^^ ef mounted riflen^en, under Kovernour Edward^ erilUttOis. This party, consisting pehiled in this, in consequence of what haa been flreaay \ detailed } but tiiey, Betwitbstandlkrf persevered fb tl»ir e^terpriae, and dtgtreyed oiwWiii^towM^knot|^y iNs name of PanitiiMs t»nii|i|iil» iwl Jhe InlUiIni ^tb Ml swamp initsvlifmly^lMMieyliMi fled for shel- lei'. The party waded intemiiMramp for several miles» in soaie ptaees -to die waist in sselsr> and killed upwards pftwitttf -of tfcie enemy in tiiis place, and on the bank ef 1SII|^1km* "&» laX^t^mtiskNam^ttfaknM And. flmrn- '9m %^. ^ -*«j«%r,.M<'i' -4 ' .».► A^xL^ '«^4iHtf^",.^Vf? 4,^, ..^ '^W^tll^ i .) if)' '♦ s ^--^ ' ^ •!"' "i'.fft'llj l«81^:0%H».WAB.^, whing. was cpmnletelv deftr. 2^nter»g||»Bvi»ion8. the mtrt ^rty^M^pf October, aftijlu' !at«naiit'<€liloneI CamdM|| ace 19tfrUJ. ahl»nchjrt&5 Wirf«»h c> and Mlunis, waa gurpi-ppw (veinb#^tlg|}wards of thmy "" "^ figbt warrioura kiUad. Ilrfiipious attack IMS lorBal^with hisdra., •ipetintei bn^awell AU . *' Pittibaif;ii votenteers,"- . Iru *! - '^V* Captain TiPottep, of :i J^x > "S' charged, and the Indiang " £&¥W *° ?*• P""*^*- LieutenSt FeMiBTlvaUia volunteers, was also killed. ' 1J#^^7"3^ o"^^ *'f"®** °» **»« occasion wef©' iK2£? liSfiT' S"»5^«rt<, major M«llowell, captaiS •^SuS M«GleUand, Gerrard and HopEna. The toaJ ^ilW m the partoftheasiiail.nt., alnounted tSfoSJ vL.!L'rl!f^!.'^"*^*°'* »«»«"* thirty wouiJ: -^j^J^£theirvtlU|ge. were Uler^ards destroyed, m. %k "•y* ttt which the militia of IndiamL Illinois. a»iJii«I *^ SJ?"' '^*/*/? "."*'' h»rasse3, that tbej liegan seriiw' S^^^r l^^^^^'^^' **"""? tl^^rocceedingwinter/wS^^^^^^ ■ lt&^*££':iSSL^»**»fHin|towardM^ .ThyaecurltyofthWibBiA ir«m a.>«^..«j;> " f^ ie preeipi^i "The office •*■);.■ * I: .: ;- ■^ ;;. ,TheNKcuritrof( %ife«ftheW llr Thelndii^.^ diiiaat British esiabli winter^ siAcathait a. As to the loss or their U ter of little cowequenc^j • ... /■ < of sobsistenoe ^ wer« ««il «ff/ ^rw%waniajthat iim» "-Bin I ft ifewdajB fafting' 1-' -i 'A/ "^^i-^-A v^ -*--^*,s ^'^^ ,<.. J. HisiY)RT OF ^HB wXr. 71 cient to re-congtruct them. Bat by tiieir being thus dri- *« Ten to « l|!stance, with their wives and children, ther sfl^iitM from umoyingthe settlers, with their l-ul^warQir^ Mtatj a peaceful settler was wred eur midntght attacks $ and <* the slumbers of the ware protected from the savage wff4oop. • CHAPTER IV. ■2f4 k "Erooii* ob the Osnad* frontier— Capture of ihe Caledonia->Bat- ' tie of QiwdMtown, md the death of Gea.^firock— Bombard, ment of Niaganr— Abortive attempt of Gen.>Sin7t6—NT>rtheni Atmy— First Cruise of Commodore Chauncejr: It is now time to torn our aitention to the Northern . frontier, that we may take a view of the occurrences on that extensive line, from Niagara down the St. Lawre«^ c.Tcwardsthecloseofthe year, our forces had chiefly ooneentrated iu two bodies ; o^e near LewistoWn, con>. dstingofsomerc^lars newly enlisted, and militia, a- mown^iig to four thousand men, under general Van Rensseker,ofNcw-York; the other, in the neiehbonr- hoed of |Plattsbun| and Greenbush, under tile conHMnder in tM«f,Weberal Dearbome. At BM^ Rock, at (%dens- hm^, and ^ackett's Harbour, some regulars aiid militia virere also stationed. Daring the summer and autumn, a number of volunteer companies had marched to tiie borders, as also the new recruits^ as fast as they coald be eii)isted. Bodies of regulars were distributed in each of ^eae places, with officers ofexperience,fbrthe purpose offhriUingthe raw tieops as they «rl*i^t?|t w«s ex- feeiUd t&t before tiito^ ||i|Pp)«^|P^^ w(Hil4be Made ready fin^oniiidable in#^ ^1 '•'^n?^. ;J \.\- ...A' grjhjch migEt i«q»k« th^ , .ad M thefwew wt jjfeiinw, tt«y felt no ditp4iitiM to wore ft«r prialMM. other con^ttttiiliial obfcctioDf were itlio Jinndi widdit M acaFcely i^esBarr to meDtion. As tU nQitia in iimc states was better tttsciplined, and morelwfiective) tb*n *??/*"« \ won» tlieir ibseMe was severely felt. It is highly probable, that had there been a full cooperatioif V «n the part of these sUtea, with th(i views of the general Sye^ment, that Upper Canada, at least, would Mve ^ fen into our hands, in the>coorM of the first otmpttflb Military stores had been coUf^ted at dil^nt oSSZ and generit Dearbortte, who^ad been Ai»«inted kkten- seq|aence of his experience m the revolation«ry war, was actively engaged, witjb the, assistance ojf sach officers as Fik6,fidyd and Scott, in driUing, -disciiiliiHng, and or- nniliiw>i8 army. Geiieral Smyth, who was con#id^ edaDage tActitian, was siiniiarly iengpiged. Betw^jSii . eight a«i ten thousand jnen were collected 4dopg«^s OTtensiye «i»€,aiidawp hoped that sopiething oMt^ still be done. Skilful omcerB of the navy were lUsa «etr patched, for the puvpose itf arming vessels on lakt. &ie, Ontaria, and GhampiMn, in prder if possiUe to gain the ascendancy there, and to aid the operations of our forces. The army under the commaQd of Van Rensselaer, Wfs called the army of the Centra, iodistingoisb it froo^Ak 4»f Harmon. That u^der the immed^ttcfwuwinr^. general Dearborne, the army of the I«orth. About ti^ beginning of October,, an action was ecU^y- «d by lieutenant Elliot, who bad arrived oil lake £k* fiwOepurposeofsiipMifitendiagthenaittl equii ^hiclv roused the Mtention of thtf «f»iy$ of the Cfiw^ jexcited a general «mulation to In, soMetMM imi '•^eu4ke* On the mocnine of the 4gbU^ thejjrm Detroit, formerly the Adams, .aiirrenderedbT mSh ^ the bi% Caledonia^ came 4ow« gipmi^fildaii^ «id ^n- chored under th««uns«f|>ryfeie.>wMjrf^^ Aock ; fiUiot eonceived- the iHla of i^t^^^m, mi i ^^n^xpeesa toh^timibt^etaiw»tb«ft wtbA.j|!i|^ / t i ,j^ t -r ' Ik- J? y ^' ¥ -I^l»^ lV/' : ,i'A:,,Bi... .:,af*%i ■>7f'^^^TgpPJ-.. HfSTORY OP THE WAH. '* iSri^'jfc"* ^'^^ « ""nber arrived In A. ' weaned with a march of five hMnlfllj •. "* e^eniiifc ttem^,ntii twelve at SSt fL .i^^r^^K™' «' AllowiS «««>oat8 with about fi%%untJT^li'^ «»«« «„bark3 c^ing the river, 8lipJedT^^ L^"i^\''"'»»''i4Kr?vetheS.V?l? «« '«- ^ ten minutes afterwards, he wmm«J! ^"t«'» ^hjIow. Ir Wind not being sufficientlvTrnni* ^'^*'«^ »»* «>e «fe current, thij were bo { rin fi" '^^J'' *^«™ •P^'nst wan, so as to 6e protect^ ht *f ^f "** ^ *'»« ^^'edo- Bock ; but the DetrK^af^i^*t«'^'^te^^^^^ of Blade til a considerable part of thi^l??'^*''®'-'' •^«'«nded, un- were secured, was SJ on fire and de2 '*T* ^° '^«« donian was laden with furs t« fh*? '*^*^'^°J'e^- The Cale- ^rs This was effectei ^i*th he loTof n^ 'f .000 d„. an.1 four wounded. °'* "' only two killed, ' oftheL^^VtSi^e'lhlv^^^^^^^^ ipvasion of Canada, and^omTo^^^^^^^^^^ *" "^ '^^ to thj «^^ to return home unleJs the^r ^ r'""^^" threaten- t With. But this waJ not tfie a^n. "r** ^*''« complied quainted with the dan«rsto k?^"'" ""^ ^***"°«' "'eft se- nsing them jit wastKcoMWeSr-L""*^' *"d de.- . nenced men^ readj ^ antSe tL"^''""'" of inexpe- but not powi^sing the firmnSfS 1 ^'^P*'' '»«'n«n^. rounded by unac^ustomrtri^ Purr's ''*'*° «'"^- wth generals Smyth and Hall l^^^^^Jf*" ^ oonference «»oIved to make an attack nn#f^S®™; ^"^ Rensselaer had been chiefly drawn orforfh- Ii /' ^® enemy's foae »t was sqpposed, u"Jer the ^.?« "'^f^"^* of Maiden, «. who hadl'ft the terSr/of Sf "** ""^^'^^ral Brock! »*nt of general ^"cto^ w&^'gu^""^*'" *^^ Kovern-' Jp return. Could thisVace be m.*^ ?*?*"'" * ^orce feywenid be •heltered'^frJi tti^l!^**i^J^ «."•• troops, ofJellth,i?fl«miS?^jl*dI^^^^^^ •norriinj **wlhwvjrwn,an atterfWSm5 Z*''"''*^* 'torm. ^ * "'^Plpwroadetopasstheriverj r$ #' t ^m^kt ^\.. 1 ' t 1 k-mf but owing to War. m , This failyr^Ht leJvK^ *^°"'** '^^ ^ «««te3: were degpatthed to «neri Smtth fflilfeL ^^^ WT>8, a. another attlmpt wolT/hl^Sr^^^^'^^^ Bver^ «»ranttement waf raoid v mt?'^® *J* Qujsenstolm. morn.nis^f fte thlrteenthfT"^SL^'» and earlj on the "**««!^tornitheheiirh^ ZoT*5*^.*"® 'orce desiow ^hrto. These wer^to be f„jl?"'t!;?' ""'*«'• «o'onel wicliCartillery,and then th« „1k ^''^^^ /^^'onel Fen- B"«sb, in the meanwMh. 'i^?'' *'"°«P8 «« order. The • could i>ed8covered aiL^*^ T^ °^^^ Aniencana opened fromthrSeS;: 'll'u «i.n»"«ketry and mw whiciKafte^.'I^J^^wjththea^^^^^^^ , J'cotthad brouirh7ir7b.r. •'^•®™'"^»*'««ten«nt colonel Nii%ara. TheTeof Jk- *''*'**°^'"''°'" «»e fX rf rivS,produJ^5co^:fd*i^^^^^^ ^,^j'"/^f,3r' .-. W' ' • / "'STORY OP THE WAR ■V ii- f5 ■■■■#"■ IT ^ ^i^ '!<«? » » •?/' direction, ^e Sv^f " T!,'^r.'? *''« hiIMn ever/ 5^|»e, and kept r^^e^irfi^.'^t, J;^'»^,^^a'•ge BtonJ ttiexceptlon ofoSei»n?!f ' •»"* -their battenes, with hpdja. CoMi.Te™bu"S' "'° "" '"=•'«' ittempt. notr 5*Ji,^f«»H,ut one hundred anKxtJm/n** ^?"*'- «•»••»* Bccoad tilne ^f?„«« *• ^«t oemg reinforced, when the JKer, conaiH^irjL ^k "^ ^ ^ ^^ *"« precip ce, jja whiiMeri7'^ token of •ubiniMi^ which wmS*i ? Wonet» •« captain ^ooirm oiSer^d /k *'""*'^ *°™ ^J^aj' bjr ground. At th 8 iSLS.co7on.l Pk"?? *°. **""^ ^'^'r a reinf«rcement\hiSiJcreLed?he"'^^^ t^"*";?*** ^'t^ tachment to thrie hundred^ «„^ * ^"'"^*''*»'^''»e de- now led on a desperate S^Jl *.'^*"*^- '^'^ officer ed in putting to Su rei?m?.:A°**."Ti''«*«'^ «»<=^eed- . bearing tlie Same oYinvinffi rl? ^'? !i"'"l«'-'' »»d prateSatthis cwduTTaZLrfH I*™ n^T'^' «*««- be receiired threrbair which termli*,%'*t'^ *^*'.'"' '^''«'» h]» aid, captain M'iionald 2^^^ ' «»•««"«« j W8 8idcZ>rtaIly wounded ^.T* *"??"' **"'"& ^j Wadsworthof theSi^a^^^^^ «?"'<»*'''' g«n«™» ~J crossed overr^Srw^^^^^^^ "«? J««»a- to retire to have his ™nH«!J^^*'^'"«>«®n ordered theaction. ThrforS^?„i'*I!?*^' "S^''^ '^•'•'ned to BntkhcommanSerSiCftSen JK "^^ "^ «<»• tob.co.plete,andgeneaiit^^^^^ ^m ^ Y ' -r uj;^ Hi'*-. W' 76 ^' HISTOHY OF THE WAR. :r.si.i;""?.^ f*^^-'"' s^'S's.",^ forour co^ni^ iSr ''*?,r''.®*5L °"« of the most glorious rorour country. General Van RenggeJaer percei^mr that ^e men on the opposite side embarked but Itowhf and TO move, rnev refused to do so ott the eround ofron jtitutiona» privifege j thesMie men, who f few daVs he' w« 'iJftSa**'!^** ""^»» impatienceZt u::'* ^ouV was restrained. It seems that this boiline ardt.Jrh.ll I>»4™h°'' "'"'?*' *»Bri<""> being reinforced br eidir toe most painful s^sations, to address a note to ienml steiee7iJ''"'"r"*"**°«.^« unexpected SrS stance, and giving him permissron to consult Ms own t^n JlfK-'^'"'' *'. *^°"^** »»« «« ^e««»ved, he might re- turn withhii troops to the American side. A des^rate f/ li 01 •t «t( '#( IN rei 4m M . ' « pill >!! U^ / •1 f r""- ; : « — ■■■ ■■.l^^l■, 1 f -fe- • «**■: '/^^ N«-' ^. ^TZT... =»-*JK*® "'W WWIS mr^^S'S'-'^-*- - ■ ■ ■ ; *;s.-^'-.^ 1^^ b'Mi^iMafilill^ •i II • •Hi . ■WrOKT Gt THE WJUt •<"* ^•n.- ^SP?! 'T^y **"* 'f^ *"io« «rtrrtT ggjyen under li«tena«^ amttMSfflfSS^^ gwjJM by the general, -^^ y^^J^ ''*'**^ H not *5HWtI^%ii<»|^ ^> *4' '^'ft J /^\ f*' <,^ 1 79 DISTORT OF 1^ H?!A«.^ tei^ "^-rr^* °"! *''*'""'*« ki"e*, winded MM J^«™§the embarkation of the troomiiift—i i T" fire was open<}4 from Fort S^nt* «»^ *' I^^TStw^HfH - . Niagara, 4icWM^JIL„J2 T, "" **»« American Fo»i veraJhouses near the bS fort, a #i2?'- *^^ T**" pened to burst, and at Se im^tim. J?*'^^^^ son be^nning Jo ^^Am^t^ZuZ^^^'^ prudent to leave the fort » i«[f^« -f7 "^ wwght it "Brithh about ti^eT^Cri^t^^t''*^'''^^''^^^ ' the barracks waa destroyed b/ a she I whiSKil.^"**u*^ nwgttine, but no lives ^mtlUi ' '^ "*^ "P*^» batterie/ TfS? G^TrS^^ ^. ?« ^^^f "tj-first, W the J*arl^opposi!emhS;and*.1 t^JZ.'^tf^ ' Niamra. The eannonadiig eontiiuSi ST^^ ^* until dark,, the enemy throSint i,mJSi.^'*?\u"»* sand red hot shot, an^ «pSf o/^ZnL ^^J^' severaJ i,f the barr.«t« ^.^1 Ll^^T^*^"^ «»«»■> 5; vi V4 ■■. ■ 'ite f#' h » t ai v» ai -«-^i;t^« fired, bpt, thrtii the Unifftrl S*.3L Vriinr*'"""" "* ■ waa >eon< and the ei^X fire WM reta3"i'«.'^'if^'! *»»!««» the situation moat e.,*osed. K^Ji^JJ^rili^^ ' were commanded by li&.n6 fles ^d H*ndd*ffi of wtoch were viiry destructive, fli^^f^:^^^ ^ M. ,"F »'»1-,- ^iSL -««»'«t««M,^«,.._„,,. i4erlMi]»fr !vingth«. •fiweotj rhe n&^ »w fort • On* of vuplbc 'I ., ' /> HWl^RY OF THE WAR, / % 1 J. «*™r«jryoecuiTeiI on this occuian ^ALJr r "*""»»" towQ^ and carried tD MnnTJlki j ^'^^^^T •* Wen*- Jion ofSt^rS. ffl* %««P«» hi« determiwS jer attack h^d'^Ln c;.,JlctT:SS^Sf' ** V fcce of tJKHr4teriCwb1,^1^&^ '^^W tweei. fort Brie ai»dX;hibw^ w£.*t*^*''!^ bl^ conmpended to tteoerS \C. L« * **^ »»d ai Urtt „, I fi^Ct of^bisStSon hratteA**5: ^^.,^^ »•- . tb«o had luldjer hi« commntani:!.-^*^ JL .*^ **»icb h# .» ^ f4 '• - il ,f ^4. rw brtr ' I Sf b ^ )4 ( It I't- iiV -^/ ^ /i M ■'/ mSTOMr OF TIB ItM. himself rft!-ih^,ffTi^ite n*"***^.** »**?««*«* bj' an animated DropliM,.-r5«,« 5?~l"*^"'*":^ .^mb seconded *«rd8 of foor t»iniM*n^ « i: . . **' November, up- rwi.« alls t'r«„tt«'fti"ir^^ «fficert were activdi eBM«ri f„ JPir "»**■»"« J *««» tlw» poizing thT A:?„T^3 1^^^^ JtT^ »«*ta, and a number ofa^^wlwe^. JL •* for the reception of th« ariH», Vi.!nr^ were prepar- «"ce tranaportSi to the cJ^L S^^ ^% ?^ »»«•». ry to s: ■^_-j'. T ^: ^¥^^^ .>i ^^!r ^W^ Hnineiicr thuB br at^ iilnre,«ii(| i told that Bd iiflened> OMse of n the in* their pa*. dis^stm', iir wivM- U8 incurw .) ilculatc4 ntrickift ticuUafy ' OttMMVb wpected liiid Qa- len tuni as, how^ tcond^d •,ofth« (»er, «]>. sting of I, Newi uidtfaft »g|^*nd »rc|Mir- tbe at [)arato« n«aD- ' »de»* • liia HISTORY OP THE WAR. 81 the ertcmy opened a heavy fire ; the first detachment Janded and took some prisoners, but failed in destroyine the bridge. The other, under captain King, landed higher un at the Red House, drove the enemy, and then advanced to their batteries, which they stormed, and then spiked the cannon. Lieutenant Angus, with a nunaber of marines, accidentally separated from cap- tain Kine, and ho reinforcements arriving from the op- posite side, they concluded that King and his party had been taken prisoners, and therefore returned. The par- y. of King, now consisting of seventeen, besides cap- tains Morgan and Sprowl, and five other oflicers, was in full possession^ df the works, while the enemy was completely dispersed. Findiri|, at length, that they could not expect to be supported, they resolved to re- turn | but one boat could be found to transport them all ; captains Sprowl and Morgan passed ovei\ with the pri- soners, leaving captain King, who was sodn after, with his small party, surrounded and taken prisoner. On the return of captain Sprowl, colonel Winder was or- dered, to pass over with about three hundred men. H^ instantly embarked, and led the van. His own boat wa« the only one which touched the opposite shore, the ^ others having been swept down by the swiftness of the ^'" current. From various causes the embarkation of the main body ^ was retarded much beyond the appointed time, so that ,'* at twelve o'clock in the day, about two thousand men / were at last ready to move. General Tannehill's volun- teers, and colonel M'Clure's regiment, were drawn up ready for a second embarkation. The enemy by this 4 time had collect^ on the opposite shore, and appeared ready to receive them. The departure of our troops was. in the most unaccountable manner, delayed "'««• r?J?,fo«ectin.on Se bo'Se™ Tl V''! "°'^'»*"» But^ittlewasdbnein thisauartPr .?•.?*: ^««'rence. , tnmn. At the declarmtinh 5? ®'^t "°*^* '**« >»» the au. troop" were atetioned ?. Sn J.::*^^ * »•»«" number rf and U would necesSril V J2,^ j*^"* *'**?? *•>" frontier : time before the milSr/ouTC*eibSfT "^^^ ^"^^ «• the regular trooos. iiewl^»«r f r^'®*^ ""<* marehed, «D«ld belollected KS ^f''*^ '"' *''^*^7 «n ^ok " wag conffdentlj calculated, that twt 'ii^ ' f'^ < „;M ■•,■ .■>'•" Ii#ft mW ^y^^. ■-^ fS^l; • ' ': . , . .'X. ;.t I «ception of )ur o'clock J order and Jcesg. No- when, after <" the whole t the inva- «on, while r quarters, forth } the arms, and led contin. fe necrinii- r, who ac- sportment. Ileged that »8i and his iciined in an anfa> to pur af- the na? ., •^ere con- ►fexperi- ' (Salcula. ' in oar a of gal- tia. lorthem wrence. , th^ ftu-r •nl)er: of ■ontier; . Jngtliof arched, m foot •fcotti faftt rook T^^ HISTokv OF THE WAR. , I /upper proWnces of Canada would fall .« . A •• the centre, whii^k ».:«.u* .i! ^» ""** ®* the army . V those on the St WenTe^'^aV^^ »»^ j°'« the war would bctarried to MnJ* ^."''^^S''' *•»« ^'nter, pectedandWntaKrren^eri?^^^ «"'^»* .ta change in the sSuaSo^^aJaiL li ^i"^"''? ' *?* late in fte autumn *hi.*««wk- ." was not untl redin the northS-n aX ^^^"S ^^'^^^ «^"»te occur- Bri«sh*^^''ed u'ifet^ '^'^^Y-^^^ bai^s of the^ bers, burnt a blorlT hnne^^ regulars of supenour num- andUrldw^^fe.'^eyi*'"^^ PuSck storS, for that attack; tiTeBrrti!? l,°fi^ ^"« »»?"• 'n revenao termined trattemnt Jh A^f the second of October,d|. h«avy fire WM Sed fLi *l™f "*» of Ogdensburg. A lage if Preset KtS^ *'l® '"^*** ^<»''''»' «t the viU thfy attel^ffioe^tte' r/P"*'**- On the fourth. tow\,andeWLd^n fo'rt^\^,7«^^J'^ «*«•?? the J>«n in each} but they wereLrmil* ^ t?*"' ^^toen. •Brown, ofth'e Ne^!Ck miS ihT'^^** hj general in person. A shJrn o«*- *'.^"o commanded here •^ ho««7whentte;w1?ecSm^ ^^ "««rl^ two *igii,leavin»oninf7lf.S^?^- to abandon their de- a SnsiXSSeKL.^ ^ ^**"" *"*' ^*°^«' *»d ^^Aferih^ tioS'X' !:im'; tJastSf rftif 1^^^^^^ <«« the «i»etSJtJr^S lL?" <»«»« "nMcf indebted, surprised aSockhouKf J ^ k''* *"*"*?'»» t«hitorv! of EngUsb and Ck^t IffJ!** ^/ * considerable |,odr the *ick sTo.Sr'^r^mLir^^^^ «<» ^esti^ei S?%ri^b?t^1^*i--^^^^^^ V \ 'I s»- P^l^fi?. •> '*' %' - ,', '^;',' rv ^ :•■ •: ^t .'■ -'*''-^ •■1 84 • mSTORY OP THE WAtt. MdtheyBBon j^^ j ""JMWimitjr of naval combat- «w»eqwnce of the failml «? '*®''°** on the ocean were now withoi a 8iS?J*7 «° theMes; • %e andt* wli.le fo«, on afe n^?*^ ''*''*' <>° ^«kved information tii»?*K^ ''?'® 'orce. Having t-e f e Lake, for fhe pS^io^^f"^^^^^^ '"'^ sailed d?wn to ,*W George, hrS^ltS f '"^ ."P ''^'nto'-cemeX False Dokes *Ji his tay^n tJ". f"*"'''P,' '''"» «' «•« <^l>auncey, created in this sTnr* I ® force of commodore posed of the Oneida 14 In, fn'^ll?^^^^ *'»»«. was com! .^nour Tompkins, ieuteCnt Brn^'^i'^ '""^'^ ' ^he Go- Blhot,of 2gun8, VperrAr^LT'^"^^' ''eulenant the ^nlia, Trant, if one SO noHnr^'*'' of 2 guns- ^^d «" J8. The ve.S.1. of the enJmv ^I'Jj ;?*^*"« '^ ^J^ 32 to have passed un ^Ha i „L "' .'^"'ch were suoDosAri •SIS 'Sri""' Si»C ??«„. " *"" ' '^""^ . un the 8th, the sanaWMK <• n »"':*• ,. ,. .^j|fc'>a = ,'i ^Si'.- 'w' HISTORY OF THE WAR. 4 /* I,- w 4' _"*•• ( «'"S »««'«' 't.prudent to p^rsueVe Roval I !""'' T*^ "ot deeming ;^'«d and maSe sai? Z ofYhe bir^'rhh"''** "«'*'» '^^ a most daring exploit, and I.. »«SL . '"'^ "^^ certainly success. Tfe £, vll r ' ^ 2?® '^* o^^t, meritea h«"; the shot frS.?^°'"^* '."*^'"*^ ^^^e-^ely in her while the loss ofTo^oTre'ltuf "'='' ^'' ^^«^"«''*'^ . wounded by the burst^g o?h«^^.un fS Vpf ""^'^ '^^^ «^e deck, was knockeO ovX!rd\ni J """f *n"'' commodore canturerf « Ik 2. ?™ arowned. The . ^e GrowlerWertonv^t naS"^***! ''*^'»'"-' *"<^ ««"' P«^8e of decoyinff the Hov^i??!^* entrance, for the pur- Sh« then sail^d\itS ^^ 1^!°^ ' ^S' ^"''°"t success. a^herwayshedt« armej and bro&tVr iJ'to SacK the schooner, board IZMO dollars i n -« • "arbour. The prize had on ral BnK:kPithXU C TJ\^ '^^^-- Comraodore ChauncersSin -ft! ^'"'■^^'' '^^ ""^^ officer, intelligence respecting tt fefS ili*'"'''"^^'^^^^^*'* the }y setoff in the midsf of ^"'™' *°^ imraediate- her at the False Ducks • bJi tlf '?'"'"' ^ '"'^'-cept witiioutbeingableSiiwii'tT^ ^ ^^ Harbofr '8 i^**'*::; % ft ^\ V. r i t ;'■>* " ^fi' s*: w4» i:.^\''' r mSTO% OP THE WAR «< new ^j-^- CflAPTEU V. /' Meeting of Conjrress—P. . f -W» With U,eS.miJ^"^f«°"«''"»ittotheC«d» short, on accoumofaTe "„•.*??'« ■•«"» rniUMX proper submission fnVL "^''c'* influence anrf;«r - «"« it pure ..d bntaS" i'^?"' '*"^T^S^ «e«„re,„f«S,J^?*«;^5gdij^^^^^ to ,u. forf peae., ri• '# ^w? ifc t-i-. ■, ^5.^^i ■•'.t'.''-r^^^"^. in. perintendJoffijie on the 26ti^y^; wr, and put »»%». ' ► season. ^' ^K b^' ' Ijji fir , , 1 « ' '. / 1 ■ ^ .^' //'' #II8Jt)RV OF THE^WAH. f 3 tice— Re^erwa of -BlockaUe of our isittotheCreeka tory over- a Bri- est. in ^assembled ss unusually g state of our mongstusjin ^ it to foretell *^ national ace, and im- Britain, very xistence of our poHtical > which pre- there is no rkneSs and In peace, it " t and keeps - iapericklof ae party in l/nfortu. thwart the r compel it reflecting, t it«upon to the n«. Buatry, to f"^ 3" '■^ ''i t i ,1* • "' ''''M ^ ;i(?tsl ^'M'A 1 ^•r wjs^mo^t vioIent%'votT/'l*' '^PP'*''*'"" to t^e* Amencaij minister in K/i ** * TL^*?'" of cou^e >k to a cessation of LirJ^°^?"' w«8 authori«P,i * ^"® *nce that ^ „«i°'^''*'««' even on the unn« • *? "^ree > "nng the armistice. This «o„ - °® tJ'scon- / Ahisflras rejected. A prou ; /> ♦ • ^ -• — >«» ':^'. t p^feition was afterwards «iade bj tdmiral Warren but xvkh required aa a m\mmB^T^^SljiS^rlif ordera to oar cruisers recalled. This he alleaed waain beE?'?^T ^T^^ WelrsTabd^^SS became us to take the first Itep, and uncbnaitlonallT foLTS^J"" ever experienced Smueh good faith and dZTZ^JT^T^ ^".*""' «»toju.h^sufchconfi. ?r^, '^ *"* ^as «he not the aian-essor, bv her own ac- 9oun«,l,,f on our account, she acknowledged hersef wel k'nownf^^ T J^"*'"*' ^lg»^t»- Moreover, itTa- t^o*hn.?« I • **** ^^' •** ^'^^t moment, more than two thousand impressed American seamen, confined a. E«? f«y»':' and persisted in refusing every arran^! 'JW^fi^ ««Hi««8tent ane the pretexts of iniustic^. J bese attenyits at reconciliation had failed, when the S''"P^™''aB^'* interposed his mediation; which, on k • ^ gMW ^ernmePt. was instantly accepted : on • "SJMBK'i*" ^"S'»*»^» »t was declined; as being !^°"''!SHlr^^®*" "^^'a* interests. J but she profea^ .^^ ^""*iw to enler into a direct negociation jthis. it ^will be seen, fas merely thrown out as a pretext, to pJo- iong the war at her pleasure. \ *^ A most imnortant change had taken place in the afiiiirs ot Europe. Napoleon- had experienced a reverse, pro- E«?.'^ to the vastness of h.^s designs. This man,^in. toxicated with his former success, and with the vile flat- tery^t^.ch IS always paid to the despot, had begun to - tlunk himself more than mortal. It U thouglit that he had conceived the idea of universal empirl, naturally enough the ultimate object pf a conqueror j for what con- queror ever set bounds to his ambitioa ? The vanity of • his scheme, if any such ever entered hidhead, of bringing «Ii ^H'T 1° ^'f. ^®\'? ""^ mastering the fleet of EnglJncf *nd theh extending his power over the globe. wi5 now fully demonstrated. The joy which nianj of our fellow ciftzens expieased on this occasion, was perhaps illjttdged. >*» 1 V V',' m. !;"*»- ->' :/\^Y$ir^ dfe,'\^i*l'?t^V"„ al Warren, but very other step, thdrawDytDdtito, eiUleged^wasin and as goch it unconditionallj asked; whether h^;0od faith and stify sn^b confix by her own ac- the Orders in vledged herself loreover, it was ^nt, more than en, confined as ; every arrange- dious practice. Xts 4¥T f ?Jf,V ^:'-l^y?^^?■■'*^■ ,, /> ^»'t PI- V /^ M '^r^ 'Hf y / / r. IMAGE EVALUATldhJ TEST TARGET (MT-3) 0f !•». I / X ^ 1.0 I.I 1.25 isyi 12.5 ^ 1^° 12.2 ^ I4£ 12.0 1— 6" 1.8 hL 11.6 4 ■j-^ ■.> IT Sciences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) S73-4503 '""^i^^^"^ * ' , / « .V ,./■ *«*• .. \ H I'-*:- w- 90 HISTORY OP THE WAR^ rwolTed. that it should be ElSJLl TSf'Sl j *°? '* ^'"v reliance of our country SudTw mfjfA'**'* *** '"^«*^ wimicalto it, became Its warmllfr •*'*]'''''* °"«« •»«« legislature now enSt^d r'th^lf?"i»-.. ^be national «ch mea-urea as ^necissSJ f ■*"*^!"*^' *" *^*'«*"« «to of the war, and m would &/ * * "^^"^^ ^''^^^' •Jready experienced. **"'* **» "°'«<»J the evils In the month ofieSPrZiZJ/'^T "o^^t'tion. ert in a state of blockade h..?ir*J'* ^2"* ^'^ proclaim- iMied. This paSockad ArS"* °** '^•"^ '^^''^''J «P- $on, like that\;Kd iSji i*."** P^^'J^^** of retalik- ffce United States did nS^wto"^!*"^^™** ^ , contrary to the l^^nlt^^^l^S M^'^ *» e««npl« «o -coast of England in « «♦*♦- «f S*".*".*"™ declare' the pretence in* nSipJ th? cSJ.^^^ Wock«de,.and under that ports. The S h vesseTs we^'re' cL"fl"'™'*'P"§-*^^ protection of her iom^rcl ^n«t^"^ e»pioyeJin the attention was so muchtok!n^l-*u"*'L^"'''^"''"<» '««' '^hich were then Se oj th/r^«*'' ^^\ eighty affiiiw unately reniained/ ffi„^hi! ,? *'°*°*' *^** '^^ f** least our homes and our fiSS* '''**'*"' unmolested , at A war, howeve?,V,iaten^^.** ^^"^ °"* disturbed, which we r»ow K7d t;S "" '" '^?*»'«^ quarter, to southern Indies, eouallvt""- ''"'^ ' ^^'^^r- The warfare, and perVns J^L J?'''**"'*.!" '^''^'- ™«»e» of began to exbibifsiXf heltiSv^ *^.* "r*^*™' less cause to compfain. The Cillu "J^?**'*. ''•^ «^«'- rial limits of the C.Xd States iTJ^t^'*'''?,*^* **''*"*<»- tected by the Amer cans • 1^# ^ '^^ uniformly p^- were turned off aTthe S^iit of t"h"? "P"" «»«ir laW ' sums were expended for^nn ^ bayonet; immenwr arts of civiJize^d "iff: Zrlon^Z^'^ of teaching them the among them, for the 'pu%ose JfteacWn^ r** '' '"^^^ u..to„,wa.stricaypu„u:ny^„re;^^^^^^^^^^ t' r''i '■-kd • "n,!-.:,-!*.' «»^^ . ..^.„ '■.■«j»~"«s9^«r!». , 'jfLtitii -^m •f^tWd^- . On thiswbject nmity j and it wa* he best and gafest it have once been on. The national ■duitj, in deviaing vigorpin prosecu- remedj the evils ■hreatened bjthe rioug roolegtation. •«8t wa% proclaim- orce afttnallj ap- «teoce of retalia- : of Franca; aiii >w an example so urn declare,' the , and anderthat ral8,MNnfftober emplojed in the :ruiger8, and her B mightjafliir* >t, that we for* Himolested ; at »t distarbed. ther quarter, to anxietj. The their modes of » the northern, eople had ever hin the territo. iiniformlj pr«|. }on their lands let; immense ching them the ►jed to reside lose arts, and / at the pabliek ced bj Wash- It ftdminntn- , " "V ■ TV ''s#^ M:4y^- ''M '"'.U II '^ ' K * m^ - * ■ H'lo^,- ■*■-. ft^^'' ^,. B^i ■;^^j ,% ' Bj^ '■ ^ ^ ' ^m'--^ -'I P* \ *■■■'. ipSTORY OP THE War. ':'^ 91 fff^:> ,> ^^"■ ^4- k- ' industry, separatTpSDertv i tif '*-!'"S stimulant to tobe u-^lerK . K „i °° !f * ^''' ^as beginning 11 the d^TsS iniSSs^tS'sitSr^^^^^^ -"S «»pect, e•*• augar, and many other artde, haT!!.* °'^-'"*^i •»«* among them : and it XL „^ ' **" ^*° introduced women ridVto «m? neilT'"™*'" ^'*'"6 *« ««« ^heir aeat cc.tton garmen s of ^fe^r^n""^ ^"*'^' "^'"^''^ i« saddles manulacTured bv fe J*" ""'V'"*' «° »i'"™Su cias8,and often upon the wKuiT^K'*^ J^^ ^Jl-ordered reiKler of Hull, this disi^sTi^lnK .®''°^%. after the su^ Jence. A part^Tthisfva jl '*'Tfc °"' ^"*o open vio. «omepeo/e,wCtediS«Jlr^*''-f«" "^ ^urdere/them near the mS tf^'S^r*'" W^* ^ was represented t^^nation^wh^ ^'^'^ The affair tors to W seiiedBiS tode^h "* a"^ ^ f''P^^"^' ' •"•-woe seitedA "iter, was the col , ..— -„.c «;iio««BuenEP I'n «^k' L .. " war, soon as might be expecteTS-evailpS ^'''«t.?* «^age part her ofthose.whVhad bLTfliL?l*''^r•*^ ""-^ were either obliged tont^nlt^-^ ^i""-' ^'"ted States. ^ Other causes fontributed tl /J'*'" *««• standard. '" state ,if things. l'he«"lebrated & *^'« ''"inow jear ljfore,1risited aXTo^^^ ^ friieTfr^^^ """'^ '^^ ot kindling a spirit unfriendly ^iTfL 7? •/ ?V^^ purpose wvage Demosthenes, X^fvi;KS^•^?!i**''• "^^h-* of their tribes, and with that Md .rj*^ '^*'^**' '^O'"'"'* 'n6 e'o- nour to what hasTerbeen wit„!S*5 ^"fi^i^ly !„»«. , people, exhausted every topick S cuSSi r°"««* <*S^, their mxnds, and alieoai tfei;SicSX«"£?£^! /• ■•«f*«f«Il^^s^ .liiS^ i ^ ^ * «*l*pWWM^'^-- "t-,ry <*" ivould be an act of r part, would be tnited, their num. ern lodiang, y^t »«"'ement8, their ited States' agent, had deToted his ep«opre,andhad >t* amongst them, J the worthless, ■J» and who were »ge manners, be- nrestrained pro- •wluced, which ' summer, while the disorderlr they cjoliectetl 'ntrjr. commit* »e walJ^rdered '. after the sor- »nto open vio- [ees fell upoft ussissippi, and* o. Tfie affair the perpetra- •f'l war, soon «vage part, greater num- tinted SUtes, andard. ■ . this ruinous i8eh,had,the r the purpose States. Thia lied councils nanding elo- initelr supe- 'ongst^Se operate on' t tbeir beBe> I 'St' ■■«.•, ,<* ' t'W , SISTORY OF THE WAR. ^3 «e!S'^;ffi.^"'W *" these nations his speeches hiid Cih tT.!:. ''"* ^"'^IS** ^^^ ^••««'^« part^cularlj, al- AmT*k "T considerate rejected his interference Am.au,e usual topicks of his discourses, he was in the ^t^ klln^ir^T^'^T >-ith their civilization and U^ their de^nl'f;.ff"''-*'*'"'*"^''u'^ ™*"°^'-' '^"nfastlng mitaSfS • Tr"'"^'^^ with every thing that wai fn hJ» ^'u '" *•"/, ^P'"'«" "f Jn*'»=»n8- Demosthenes, ribly^^^^^^^^ countrymen, was not moreJer: heDronoZ?i;Kf *"'^'.'r.'- ^g^'n^tthe United States, »ie pronounced the most furious invectives whirh m;o4,f uLTr'^J^ the Philippicks of the GreJin o :L^^^^ ai?ti;:tut[Vitijr"«''"p^^^^^^^ '^^^ ™"^-f of Sti^P^f^f^''''^^^?''' '"'**''*'' ™°'-e immediate cause tribes Jflhpr^ ^"'^l'^' "?:. /'^^ Seminoles, and the tribe? of the Creeks who resided within the tefritorv of th^m tJr^^^ government, with a view of engaging ^ Jf Ppni»?„u ^1?*^»«'' Creeks to join tiiem. The town cuuiroi 01 ureat Bntam, was the usual Diace at whirh indra„?r??fr'''t^"''"^«*^'^"^ wher%; vagabond Indians could be supplied with armC} and they resorted to It, from all the diferent tribes, for the purLe of re- - E!?f*''^'"' 't^'^^^o^Jifficultmatter.trusTo excite hostilities, unfortunately, the eVent proved them but InrnsTurin. I"'fi T *'^^ ^'r^"'"' of the southern rp?° Vu ' g *''® ^'*' J^^f of the war. . tiarticuI«rim^''P'u''*'*''' *"^ Cherokees, the latter Ed wE^;.W"'^*'*"'""^^^ *'™"' B"tish influence, fv . bTt m^nfnf *f ^"'' Pfr*"' ^predisposed to be fWend- nation stiT^eS nirt'T?* '"/°""S '^"^ '" ^pi^ «f th\ rfW ^* ^ '*"*"'* r"»ed our enemies. Hostilities iiiiin oT.T' -f ' «n/epartofany of these IndlnSL 5^ our territory, during the firetyearof the walF* ^|j|vernment, however, fearing the iorst, called m^ Ibmernours of Georgia and TennessrC to l^d Ihe^ nulitia m readme*, ; and general Jackson at the he*d^ %i y ■ 'V *- .:ei • ■ .,,»*-i;_J ..It:; - * I'l*."'*'/ .. V ■'iCftV' i' J:5Tr,r»7 «T|t''i' .T'.'5»??S WffH^^W^ ^ History OP THE wai^ two thonsand men. earl v;» *i. • the Chectaw and Ch^ck^t "Pf^^' "'»'-<^'»«* «»rouirh tance of fire hundredths , b°u"t?^ *" l'^''^'^^ a^«- Peacefal in this quarter^ heVhnSL T^ *'''"« «PPearing expedition had ^^ e£ of fix??J^K*^'L''*'*r«*'^^^Thif 'tpassed, and of retaHin^ the fS'i. •"' ^^''""^^ ''^'''^ them. The/proceeded to Zf "^ f^^^"" "%« amongst the inhabitantran?nlundPr;nl';j"- ' '"'"'^ of murderiL September, a pirtyoFS^^^^^^^^ Early ?1 . teers, under ckptalnWiin»™« *''®"* ^"'^"ty vofun- Creek by about fifyi^di'r'^'-^ »tt«<^ked near Davia». Pewte resistance, n which rt? •''^S',".^?- ^^^'^ * '^es- ^ereboth severefy wo^S/fi?*^'°' ^"«an»f and Forr the savage. inToSn of thl^' ^"'^^ '^'"^d, leaviag , On thi 24th Vf the samp \iru"'*88*'°« and learns. * the Georgia volunteeA^lh »v'''* '°'°"«^ ^eUan, of jenteen ^en, ZrS to the ^^J?/ ^?« ^""^rei and ^ towns. When within » f m***^*^ "^ the tochwar hemetapartror^n Lnd'^e'dS^^^^^ ^^^M^ ^''-^ back, who instantly dismount? «n5^ ^°'''*"' 4 borse.- Colonel Newman ordered a A^ ^ Prepared, fokattle. driven into One of the swamn, T' ^1*^^ '"^'4« ^vere of the country. AMheTflS' 7ua '^"""'^ •» th^s part did considerable execution an. ' ^'' ""^ ^^^ ">»^''«trj slain, they left their kin j^n'*ifr' ^'"ongst others of the Indians dIscoSgti?fwittl/-^r^^^^ The be admired, made!everkl dlLV^r^''''''^'* **««e«-^e8 to recover the'bedy of the chief a,'?'" "'^"'^f'^" O'-der to back. But in another attempt sUirJIn ""^^ ""»* ^"^«'» nous, thej succeeded ircT;ini„T?u***!r'?*«'j^<"«- wheil they retired from Vk^ « 7J 8:^°*^ ^« aead body ; J fmyf,' jM^^ •**yf »V# ' d.^^*v'^ 1h '•"JilpW*.*:- :» marched through to Natchez, a dw- y thing appearinc srreturned. This ■ibes throu»^h which war. The tribes of Florida, on tJje e, and brandished • Georgia, pclaration of war, accompanied by a un refuge amongst ork of murdering »perty. . Early ift, t twenty vofun- cked near Oavia'a |s. Aftera des- illiams and Fort" BtreAt<^d, leaving »8 and learns, lel NeWman, of lundreqand aer f the liochwsy 'e firsit (if these, idians ofa horse.- »aredfoi\ battle, •e Indiails were und in th\s part the muSiketrj t others of the e whites. The h deserves to M,in order to ch time driven lesperatefj fii- s aead body; evere conflict light, m%> ements olTae- V •^»».- -n HISTORY OF THE WAR. 95 tpadvance, and the enemy wai^Ki •*™ ^ *^^''^y "or sides. Amesseneerwaa^jlt ♦ u'^k'"*^'^««'ng on all and in the n^e^n^^^Xtl^^^^^ ^'' '^jf ^cements Here thej remained untilthe 4th o^n^T" '"•«««* work assistance; having in the mptnV: ^*°''T; waiting for assaults from the ftdiaw »hn ^*?* ''^P^''^^ numerous daj and night. The CiLs T^- '^ *? '•«^*«« them silence nrevaiJed mmnthtZetlZ''!'^ ^^^^ * P^'-^^ct they hai been deserted in the SV^A"' '"'P*^*^^ that derthis assurance, until with"? thJ?"* ''PP/^^'^''^^ "»- when the Geoi^ian^suddenTy. she Je^^^^^ forty paces, the brea8|*wort, fired their d^^Jp!. ^''^"'selves above ^, «;« «^amps: The v^P^S *th,n''3' *'^*'" ^^"'4 reached unmolested the vilijl J^^" decamped, ani they had set out. Intelligenc?^fl:'^^S??'*"*'^^hence government about the cSl? ^'* *''*"' '"bached the Congress, and it wm found nl '^'"'"* ^^^ **»« session of preparations to meef a waHnTi?"'^. *« "^te suitable SLVT 'P'**^^'^ *'»an those of thpr-^ T?' *°»'o«nced, Macedonian j the fl^ of amSw n •5^?''*t't"t'on and ih« ^ .1 '?^^ -11 K^ . "^P^ i»-'v-4 ■■. V Ik #i: ...r%:-H"! 96 HISTORY OF THE WAR. 4 ril^HnrnT "****', '=?"»'"°^<"-e Portet pu«ed roQDd Cape Horn alone. In the mean while, on the 29th De- cember, a few league* west of St. Salvador, the eonsti- {hP^Hn'I^S'J;'' Y • ■"'T H^^^'^'^ parted company w^h rIiSS^I; *t»S"^^,^ British frigate, Comm^Kiore Bainbndge tacked sail and stood fw her. At 2 P.M. theenemy was within half a mile of the Constitution, and to windward hav.n- hauled down his colours, except the union lack, whicji was at the mizen-mast head. A gun was then fired ahead, to make him shew his coloure, which was returned by a broadside. The enemy's co- lours being now hoistedf^ the action commenced with round haHfiX;ii"l?''':S''**A.'*' Sreata distance that this . had little e^ct i and m thw position, if he were brought nearer, the Constitution would be exposed to raking ; at thirty minutes past two, both ships were within good can- nister distance, when the Constitution's wheel was shot away. At forty minutes past two, thefore and dain-saii were set, and commodore Bainbndge, being noW deter- mined to close with her, luffed up for 'that purpose, and in ten minutes after, the enemy's jib-boom got/lbul if the Constitution 8 mizen ngging, and in anotheFton minutes, his bow-sprit and jib-boom were shot away. At five min- utes past three, his main top mast was sh'^ .U-:** ~ . ~ ■vf E WAR. ' •*■■ ■ ' i Porter pMsed roood hile, on the 29th De> Salvador, the Consti- parted company wHh rigafe. Commodore for her. At 2 P. M. the Constitution, and his colours, except lizen-mast head. ^A lini shew his colours, The enemy's co- mmenced with round I distance that thig . I, if he were brought iposed to raking ; at irere within good can- n's wheel was shot &Xore and roiain-sail e, being nov^ deter- v that purjiose, and boom got/foul of the ' mother ten minutes, iway. At five min- ivas sho^t away, just Y the loss of his^if IS main mast went iites past three the 1 his colours at the '' he ha4i| surrender- ' shot ahead to repair e enemj> flag still andsfliii^ atyie, and ual position for ra- < yby the boards «nd now struck his co- . lieutenant Parker, va, of thirty-eight led by a distingaish- mortally wounded. Bsides one hundred .i !?*■*:■ *»■'■■■■ '. tt\ HISTORY OF TIfE WAR. teamen whom she was carrying out to the East TndiM for the M^mce there. The Constitution had nine men killed, and twentv-five wounded ; the Java sfx^y kilTed and one hundrea and twenty wounded She had on ChtJ^^^r/*"'**?":*^""""***" *^^''»t Indies, aW China, w^th copper for %seventv.four, building at Bom- bay. There were also on board a number of Mssensers I^l^K^*" were Heutinant general Hislop,*rverS tfi?M?«{;ir^^^'''!f'''*"** ""« staff Kalor;cr. tain Marsliall, master and commander of theRoyal Nav?- rhe conduct of all-thc American officers, on this occa- «on, was M conspicuous for gallantr;r duriii the en^^ "!«»*» •» for humanity to the^vanqurshed. \ is this t?ue chivalrick courtesy, which gives estimation to ralour Lieutenant Aylwin,«ofav6a?ably known to the reader* wa^inltrct^fiT^^h-^^^'^^^* r ^ was in the act of firing his pistols at the enemy from the qu»rgrdeck hammock, >hen he received a ffin hia sUouWer blade, which tiri-ew him on the deck Midshirt man Dulany ^ho had ^ht by his side in So h actionsSf this ship, ordered two n«|h of his division to carry Tmbe- low J to this he would not? on8ent,«otil he saw theTssu; ull^^A ^''}V- ** *^* «»"»• time ifaring ?hat no man should quit his post on his accbuiflKLieuten.nf P.r?? James liulany. Sf Pennsylvani^ wrSkj^ of Vir«nia, wtfre much distTnguishcd j the' Tattef wif after wards presented with aaw5rd by Wa nXe atote and was promoted to a lieutenancy. B^any extnwidin.rT instances of bravery were mani^ted by the SS o^J of whom,after being morUlly wound^/lay uZ 'deck dunngagreat part of the action, apparency SSiriiSl nrSol:**'!* ""^ January, the commodore findine the ESh. Ji''*^***"*' torenderit impossible ti\S wJe«» h^""Jf *T^ *^'"S °" boarrexcept the^ Sonera baggage, blew her up. On arriving at^t. l^tK^a- ■ ,.fi // . 1 '•-■^'r^'*-^ '^"mss^^. % ^ <. Xm ■' K' ' ik ■■;■■ » iip- »'v 98 HISTORY OF THE WAR. dor, the commodore receiv^fl ^i,- li- . . menu of governour HUlon Jh ^""^^""^ acknowTedw. elegant sSord in con" & 'n" W**^ ^*™ ^^th f„ whrch he had shewn ft:°"d^^^^^ H^J* treatme„" without considering theVn ?„ '^ "'^ P"^**® passenirerg ^ngjen,, officers 2d ere" Xrl'" Ji**** r''^'' P^" At this place the Constit^iiorme "^h^r !?"'•■ P"^^' leaving this vessel to blockade tZn^ ^)l "*"•"«*» «"<» commodore sailed for ?he United fc ^'i^J'*""^. the original destination for thl South SeJ?' changing the l^fciladelp4 and the tKks'of'''" ^'"Tt^^ cizln^^f tures. Con<^,e8s ^arnr " ♦ ^,T°^ *>'^t'»« ^tate Jegisla- m. thOusana'd^ui^tSSd? otr ''.*'' ""^ ^"^Id In the midst of these aSi'^^'r? *"** '^''e^'- tl.e westward, ar^dacco^^^^^^ *»«te" to as rarelj occur in the annK l^{. circumstances such . temper the publick iov for *L ^^V? **°^««* m"ch to stitution^ ^ "^''cKjojlor the second victory of the Coor p r te r P-/' R^u.v 1 F ^ ',•** 1 h li ^i J P*^ n • CHAPTER VI. . in a p„,sture owS^S" '"'"'"«*« western-i-nSiier »e had ,os.. The la^rji^WS'^^rfS 1 » / 'i 1 . — r-f-» - \ n -#, y • .A ■?-- ^ ; . • »■ -=w H <" I- 1 ,' riif.S".. , ( -x-^^^M^^- -"^'i'^'^' mm m m s- HISTORY OP THB WAR.V 99 them from annoyiDir our settlpmotif. . iiJl.! PTvein ' .uSencf 'ThTH'''\".l^'^^^ '>'^*-° the m2'„^2 , ""Migience. 1 he dose of the season was now chi^nt occujied .n strengthening the frontier ^LTZ\ in e^ tablishing others. Great exertions weri made bv ^vS nour Meigs, of Ohio, to keep up the necemrv sL^llnf men, and to provide the m^i„s of subsSen« cfiri Harrison established his head duart^i -Tf Wr'oAr f"** of circumstances forbadk proceed to Dfeh^f^ ^,ru^«^' that place, to transport artillery and publick stores at «„ enormous expense across the mounti^ns and down the Ohio ; and arterwards to the different forts! ThisTeces TfSlLTr ""'*^''*'*'^' '*'^-^^'^^ °P""'"« For?/w«5Tn*"'^''\'u' general Winchester continued at - of their term of serf ice l W t " ^hp e^P'ration *r ! .-^Li'^S •3^i .iJk's.'^i. mselv.. of tie feac«»«Sl &£ ? ,„i;„^?' "i?^* ed to make . stand.! kutTere .SSh '.**' »?iW«- *i»t** .n B WAR. nwbiUtjiftlrejouift nvatei, w^i »bt)nf .ht^egeMrll toleia - I inhabitants. With vitfhet, and contrarr r in chief, resolraj Jinghr,ontheieven- iy of men t{.ndec co« J^ » to wait it Phsique eceived that an id- 1 already taken pos- ^ mined to march in- Bw near, the enemy 1 prepared for their the nght wing, ma- >n the centre. Oa Iwithice,thejrdi8. 6 fi^m a howitzer (adiion, with their eenemj from the (»nenteflrected,an> Iritigh an^^diuia multaneous move- kl spirited ahlurmsy [. .Here avaiung •er, they attempt- ed a second time, in the first, they Rw their pdrsjters y charged in turn le American line, nemy was finally forserera! miles, loss was twelve the enemy could he Indians were ig thus gallantly ipot, where they ' joined by geni r- HISTORY OF THE WABL ' , IM pi WinchMter. With this addition, their whole force •«ef*[«<* wven hundred and fifty mei. ' T**'* '°"^ i-H iT"!?'"®*? ^*" were placed within a line of picket^ Mdtbe remainder, to the number ofdnehutodVedanS ^IdWicamped in the open field/ Orf.the raomlnRof the .gd^combined force ol^about fifteen hundred men utt- ?•' ^"^'^ *"*** *^* Hi" chiefs Round-heid and SpHt. log, su^denlj atti^cked our little army, they we,i in •n in^nt ready for the reception i the en^m^T whS planted six pieces of artiUei/,. and opened a heavj fire, »ccorapanied with musketry, agamsytbe "iSft W-work of pickets. The body if men WonanLto the encampment, and composing the right winV wS sSon Jiverpowered by numbers,*wd%ndeafoured'^ o TetZ? SST.^^? *r\ Twocomnanie. of fifty ineneac^^;: ttf S^iS^J'l^S?^" «f fir comradi, sallied oat rf 5J!. I ^u^'^^*'* fV^ ""^'i »»"* «*'»'^ the same fate. - NearUr the whole of thiise unfortunate men wSTeither cot orf or surrendered themselves nrisonersTo «ie Bri! the pickets, still continued « cool and steady resistance^ Three sijccessive assaults were made by the Iftritish Tlst but they were driven back, with the lo^ of tWrty killJd ^done hundred woiinded. When the right wing broke *t Uie commencementof the action, greatSbrts had been 2S*K ^I «*•»«"» Winchester and c'ofonel Le^is, to «ll? . and bntigtbem within thepickets j but in theattemnttS 'Officers were. Uken prisoners. Notwithstanding Sese Ifisfortunes, and the overwhelming force which MsSled ISTi* !5?r **'°" never surpassed, to repulse every as- «.i-„^^**?*'y,' "l*** eleven Vclocfin the ^d^, aa^jigprodigious-slaoghter in his ranks. ^* # ' Knding at Fength that it would be vain to contend onen- kTl? f '^^^^.^-rt ^^d todefend themselves to the last, - and thatevcn if they had now been successful, their victo- ry would have been dearly bought, the enemy ittemo^ ' tojprevailonthemtosurrende?! The geSJalii^?^^ ^colonel Proctor, that unlesshis men sl^renderS^d^ Wooldbe delivered, over to the fury 4)f the swageVS/ m^z I0« BISTORT OF THE WAR preserve t^e reroaK "f ^ t^ '*?**"« **>»* »« oSier to , o surrender them L pri/oSe^r« T ^^^^P^'^e had .greed febeing protected from fKr *^ ^^•'■^ on condiSn of J«wed to detain theirTivat^T'***'**^*^*''- ^^H'^'- ^e.r side arms retuSecn;'ffP¥P*'tj»«»d of hSing ««e«,tte Americans unwillinJfn. ^ P*?'*** ^^ Jheir hands, until the/had recSvT'"''*''.?'' with arms iu from a British colonpi^ ♦?«*?!. ^*.^*j^8»^^e engagement and tliat the/shoZ W j!^„*l'«r °°* ^^ ««Kd, J the Prej. At this timeXTfrJ *"* ^\H ^'»'^«» for their , * e little armj, i^cIuduJS tTa?lfA"^ "'"^•"^^ ^^ P'cket, amounted to mo^ tl-n i l ^ '^«'» outsidlthe of the British couIdWf h ? **•'".*« hMndred. The Joss thus solicited bPtT^Zr^nJ^''' -'^ "*"« ^»» " rayofhopewhlihtheb4vSrir*"»^»J^ *» *bat W.U seize, at last consS t^. ./** ^*5r™*« "*«*«oni The office of fhph:!*' to a surrender. rous satisfaetion, in recording tS^^^** '"^'^^ * ?«'•«- but mistaken ambition. ZlXT^ ^*'°"* *''«« al>'ghf pense of humanitj. M W?'%""^,f ^''g^* at the S! retreat of the ten^thousandX^J? *a?r V^j""«» *he be insensible to the recii 5 S fkft^A^ ** '?1*'-*«»'» bis immortal band! TheVirtu..- «f u*'^ Leonidas and tude, their love of cointTthl^[T^"'^^^?^^ir forix. gvea sanctitv to their fate'- ,n^tT»"^''*'''« ™i'»*'8, them, we rejol!ce that we JbV 2i J**'** ^* K'"^^* ^^ when we trace, in chSera of hi JJ^u* ^»'" otherwiw \ ■H* > iL M W< iW lw# w ii7mpBH i .. ji j^.. VT* •n 1 E War; responsibilitjwoojrf' • M the houses of the ralsent aflagcom- iting that in order to ^ roops, he had agreed var, on condition of !8i of their being al- rtr, and of having tlas passed three render with arms ia wsitive engagement i not be murdered, ge of burning th« hundred and fifty ill] remained, affcer lurrounded by the te wolves for their id and missing, of d been outside the •Bdred. The Joss .The little band, "ng waj to that r rate situations imposes a melaU'^ omdulgeagene- ws where a high, ergies at the ex- >ut admiring, the what heart can ^ Leonidas and nen, their forti- luerable minds, we grieve for Far otherwise 5old,deJiberate, en to the most ' must speak of either eaa it be HISTORY OP THE WAR. 103 done without tearing open the yet bleedinc \*ound« nf bTiSSJeJ'L ®"' ^f '•^' hi«tor/forMKa7th1rshould awSZ« Z* 'Ju'*'"'^^ i****^ "»"«* «t*»d forth ii ail the Sl^sed «nnn Jl"*'' *' ^."''u*''*.* '"P"*'*' judgment must be C of T^*^™/ ^'»'^^i» doom them to the detesto- s eeo W •"*^- ^^ vengeance of heaven does not this wnrS^l-\* •"**''"'* of retributire justice even in Ces ever^pr/V"^""**"\^ passions' of the worst of SiM Ire™ fitJf ^S"*/ n>«re shocking scene of cruelties ini?„ J TNifctised. towards a band of brave men, fight- ing in honourable battle, and who deserved statuefof tj^^''^'^' '™P«"«** by feelings of humanUv, theV T^^^t^nr-'V"' ril' '^ theheTpTesrS tKill* K *"? ''^^i^^ ^7 overwhelming numbers, lo^L -iS f *r* contended to the last man : bSt vieldine If S^fl?""?''""* S^*''^''" ^^P*""-*** g«n«™^ to the threat! vfir^^'**"*" *"^^ ™'*i^«''' *° *»»« '"""^e"* people of th^ t3' ^'^^^^/'"•'•^"dered in an evil hour to a faitf Jess an* ' ^rl^t^^^^^c^'^'y* to murder, to unrelenLg tortore, to everj species of savage death. Well might those dispU- 2inH il P®" "i^'^tory cannot be brolcen.* At its com- ErH ' w "T?"? **f J^Pgeance shall leap from its scab- ^tionshiptoa nation in which there exist many of the Cif ."n 1°?? »«^^':«fi'i«d» that the odious tale of the river Kaism and Frenchtown, might be consigned to eternal mis'tr-nh?^ '^-A*"""* ^'- ?^ «»^'-«5 **» of truth must be obeiyed. The savage and wanton massacre of our hL n^f k""*"?""^?'*" ^'^^ P''**«'**^« of a British officer, hasnot been denied, or palliated. Other atrocities the perpetrators have attempted to cover, by some flimsy veil of unsubstantial excuse, but this charge has always been met wi^ silence. They have not dared directly to deny j at w!Lh!^Jr*^Jl""'"'**i°.?'°I** beautiful naval monument broke" *^ ^" ^ ^ *^^^ repreaenting history wm - i \. P Mi Lj. $ m^> --"•t:' yj^ \m kI I" ' .1 e&- HISTORY OP THE WAR; »re 80 closely related, shed^v/"'* "**l°" *» which we f.^a.aHoLdf^:re-^^^^^^^ . our brave citizens now d?sl * * A"*"** ««««••» than nrf>tw.og, but a small nuS u/***** ^^'^' Ofthi «rscalp,„. and stripping ?he dead 1?"**^ '^^' ''^'^ who coultf no loncer reSiQi \^- ' i^"** murder nir those out restraint. Th^JnfSl l^k wf^^ *° <^. »" ^^^^^ those who had so bravely defrnH? fJ''' *" ^^^ff" ^ith ear t,, t^e jpgt remonstrants o?^^" *"r"**^ * ^^ Contrary to express stinuE! S! *''*«« ""bappj men. from the sides Sf the Xe« °^ **« /r"*" were taken most naked, and rXb^.7L7°^«; them strippS'S and scalped, and their bidiessht?'' ^^""^ ^""^ "^^ tomahawk put an end at onJe lo ^^'j' ""tilate^^ *?£. ^^*^'/«"«ded who couldTot riU : in*;?*""** *»^ "^ij jomedajs afterwards, a British^^ffi^I ^1"""° *• '^Wcb» Indians are excellent doctor?" ^tJ"**''"?''^*^' **'l'he ?ow remained, with but a fe "^xr J*?* Pf-oners, who »ng guarded bjr British 8ddi?r!*P*'**"i' *"■*«•«> of be. charge ofthelidians. to be mJ^l!;''* delivered to tte f?^ to Maiden, ffl was ,wt*** '" *5'' '««'• '^ the ar! «on to indulge their savS'Si&K'*^"" P«"»5- thev were notdisappointST: fo?U,e^^ ' «°«< « thi. »ll-fated men were^rdered on Jk!*^**'" I*'* o'^theM wantonness. Perhaps^Machris^/nT.' ?™"^ »e^ tor attempted to put i ston V« Vi"* '^J'* ^ ■''^» i'roc* tterewasnoteven an iteZ/? **'!*? hutcheriea, nol # -3S|9r^,.?^_ , f^Jif^ ■f'Sii.'jfaaiifeifii*:: ^^iieat'- iS^''«tl^.i««^S -" ^ffm s gra p^Mg InS ffl War: thejrfindaneicnief hwpjjge, blush for h* »e nation to which we mn It, and may ft. the sake of th« com* 'ej:,aRiw8el,aChat. rpve. They cannot endered, under the* British officer, than too late, that they cold biood. Of the I escaped j the work nd murdering those Bred to go on ,yit|,. • now to begin with themselves. The cers turned a deaf liese unhappy men. swords were taken them stripped al> ead were stripped ly mutilated, the offerings of mviy allusion to which, • observed, <» The • prisoners, who B8. instead of be* delivered to the the rear of the ar. df, a full Dermis* ^ i and in this Iter part of these » throueh mere >e be soch, Proc* utcheriet) no^ Jiis country we it to have pre- . It neither les- Iritish, in asso* HISTORY OF THE WAR. 105 dating witii such allies. All such as became too weak for want of nourishment, from excessive fatigue, from their wounds, in this most inclement season of Qie vear. irere at once despatched. But small was the number of this httlc army, that ever reached the British mrrison : the greater part of the prisoners had been carrild off b^ the Indians, that they might satiate their fiend-like hatred i^.J-'m"^*''*'"-^-^^*.**'^^? «'• if reserved, it was to " 8™7 their cupichty, by rendering them the objects of SriinS!!'^'* *"!??• ^'" • '^^^t ^^'^ *»»•* does not shrink with inward horrour. at the contemplation of this plete **"*"* ' '^ abominations were not jet com- j:-«^'!'"**^''^ *!?.*. T"'*'^*^* many of them officers of distinction, or individuals of much respectability, hiS ilZ'lnAf '%^u^^ '^^"^^ »" '^^ houses of theYnhabi. tants, and two of their own surgeons permitted by Proc- ZTfW -K^Sl"''""'^ > P'*^*d ^ P-^tect them, and in sleds. But a as ! thiajwretch»» affected humanity, wu *»°*.*n««§™vationofhi8 cruelty, by awakening a hlw wi;?eftVnto"„^f *°'r^^^^^^ iguiSTf^s^ldt?; JhtLT* . " ^® r""* ^V» ^"stea'l of 8»«^8 to convey tte fidd oter/? f ^' * P*ri^ °^ ^"'^'*"^ returned tJ SundilS *K 'f!S ."P°? ^"^ poo*- wounded men, plundered them of their clothing, and every article of Jf^hl^"* '!,'"*'' ^"^T^^* tomahawked the greater Lrt consumed the dyin^ and tlie dead. ' ^ ev«-vcSi5!f'f"/^'^*f*?i^- Thow rites, which in / t^JhLMf^*^**"",*'^ »"''•«''* «*«»•«<»» which are not withheld from the vilest malefactor, which are paid alike SiJ; Sl"^ ^ friends, the rites if sepulture,TthouS wmmSSS .'^"P1■T 'tiP-'^tio'* with*^the minster X SST# &* "*'?»'**'«■ unnecessary amongst civilized Swtanti ST/?if ""i °°'/ ***'»^*^' '»* the'fumane in- ofd«S? iiS ^^^ d«rea not perform them under pain JToctor,hi8 majesty's al^es would not permit it! Ww # ,*s#sy Uski pp?f^ 5|M.'"Wif»»| if HT8T0Rr*c>p THE WAR. ^ith8tlnd4*&'.'"*'** ^ '""•y them ? V scenes of ind,J;jT^°I ^as diversJfi- i l James BrolnTi^""''^** «*atesmen" ?h'!''**';? *>f two ton, Rhott"'" ''^'^••^ been a d "fr.°^^* ^"i*- *he saviTs Bi''''T« « British ofc'Tn? ** '^'"ce- under sSdrfum!/ ''"* ""^ ''^ thatln ^ ^ ""^ ^ ' voluntarily oE?'i?''«^» H^ould not be ?m.^, '!?"*« »°"', protection^ L^r^^'^^d <<> take hfm S .'"* J'""*'', f is heart, naiu™?, ^'^'^nsp^t him to Maiden u^f 'P*««» treatment Se *k' l ® ''« soon exnSl^ti' ^ *»"« o*" induced some it ?*"' '7 *b« offer of a faJ^!"*'*** *?« same ^ .V - f ^ War. them? None. Not- ortn, did venture tn j the remainder, neaV. I this office perfo^'. e™V^°"?'^i«g, and »t.« '!f "" wangled ' ^ground exposes to more horrible pollu! "^^ by a hundred /*^ of the brave [Henrj Claj, and ^d without '**'•*" •shed himself durl severe wound in 'e other prisoners! at've orthe vS f -mate at Prince- »• and an ally to man, whose soul, touched. Kllioi jnd of his youth. »der his special ly 'iut whether nself no further 'arty of Indians ■ hira from his • went by one of need the same sum of monev, '«nj they hi dri^d him •• Ibe same nei AUeJijby HISTORY OF THE WAR. 107 . SfST^r^of^^^^^^^ Many of band ; we may nam^ Mr SimC?!*" ^^"^j" '"'fated oiptains BledJoe, Matso^.K^onw'^f^'^^ '»"»••«««. iy. and majors Madison and bX "d ^T!l ""«* ^^^'^ tion of three companies of UnUed St^f..^'? *?* «*^«P- capUins Hightower, Coll er, and slhS 'J^^^'-J^ "«^er the volunteers of that paSuck «f!f» V''!^' ^«^« »•! succeeding the OTgaffement^m^^. ^^ *'^e «^enine Indians, &• a frdi^^rw^ich Sev w.t*1^"*^ '» *^ fe&r^fs^^^'-"P^^^^^^^^^^^ inff^^tSdfel^^^^^^^^^^^ wUh him, and whSe ougtrn v Jt^ f * capituJon The humane inhabitants of Detroit hi i ^^ abandoned. ed a degree of tenderness and s«h;f:? *1'"^^*'.^ ^'''"bit- tunate countrymen whS, ii *"''<='t"de for their unfor- gratitude affiSeem M J'" ,^T *^*'"« *hem to our thing thev posselsed if value' for*th? ^^^^^ ^'^'^ «-«V soners j 4; to the dismce of thp i'*7"'-<='»ase of the pZ recorded, persons oftK^tl^ J^^^^^^^^^ ^t be ed this Spartan band, w^reVufflmi^/' ^''<» compos- colonel Proctor, to be KedS^h?. ^H «^«« «*' straint onthecru£lfv«f ♦!,«. "«=«"•«: X he only I'e- permitting"!ber to^c^l ^t Xlf aT ^^^^^^^^^ prisoners as were more forJnno! *^a"ce. Even such »^k or character! were treSthhr""^ ^^^^ t»»eir tamely and contempt ^'^ *''*'"^ species of con- m acts of benevolence ai^TnsymSvr.K*^"^-^^''*''"''''* % iji •*ifc* «. ^^, vii«rt1iM> i»»t,t»^ m y 108 1^ HISTORV OP THE WAR. S?!!^S:?v^»"««?A's — „. w.^-^. .wo.. vuuuu(;u •• I ne truth," said he. « must undoubtedly ewsntually appear, and that unfor- tunate day must meet the ste^ind impartial eye of history," Those facts have beei! established by a {foud of witnesses, and the appeal of Judge Woodward will reach posterity. Let the reader of thfs history, nSw re- member, that thi# was but the commencement of a series * of barbarities, both upon the Atlantic board, and uj^n ^^.Zi'^n'f'"^i'^ T »ft«':^»'?» systematiially puTu^ ed : that so far from this having been covered by th? base excuse of retaliation, it is a ch?rge which has never otK'! wise^been met by Bntain but m& the silence of conscious *K.T*fK''®*'fl"^"*!?u'"?™.'?™ **«"«''*<■"» toa good man &?•* '■??**'*lu? *^*' *** ^^"^^ '" the heart of gratitude. ^rli II ?i' T^'^ P'^eantry, or power, or weaV, com- pared to the pleasure of a noble mind, in the contempla- w K° tiW l*^/f ''^''*^ ^.'•'"'»"« »^tions 1 Who would not be a M'lntosh,* to experience, wherever he troes the unfeigned, the full, the atfecting h'omage of nitu^X^ the beingjy whom at the risk of his iffe, and at tie e™ ^ *® '*fS\*^*#/r*""«' »*« »»^«'* from horrid massa. S!\ .u^^ ' ?? W^tf"! reward of virtue ! Whom wre "s t^ch their children to bless, while the families iidebted J'm/or their existence, cling around him with tearful gratitude^ The pge shaU briihten which conUhS ti,e name of Augustus B. WoodwaiS ; « who (to usethj «! Factn^r'^wlr^i^^r r '*"'7'*'* acknowledgi^ him his bene- factor) was the life and soul of the Americans who re- • Mr. MOntosh several Umes visited this countrv. The ♦t. pres8,on of grrautude from thouMnd. whom he savfZwJSnoft pverwhetomg:. There are few scene, in the «,n»Kf hUton^ or m the fiction, of the poet.. «, .ubUmely •ffr^ti^u^t^^tSii^!, occurred when th.. good man vi.ited BitimoreSdNew OrlSJ, In theje place. particiUarly. the unfortunate people werelS?: edwith opoiarmib and nowlire in comfort aSd wicctiS^ aatiiaJ-ft'T.'^'j 'd -1 A i. dt'^-.H^bV ^ ' '^ t.^W ^ rTk-^IKri #*: '■S»*;«lS«i - [E WAR. and appointed by the I man of enliKhtened nstrated with Proctor, red cpuntry depicted' "The truth," Mid he, tear, and that unfor- md impartial eje of fltablished by a cloud id^e Woodward will this history, now re- lencementofa series' tic boafd, and upon systematically pursu- 1 covered by the iwse t'hich has never other- e silence of conjscious itful to a good man e heart of Gratitude, wer, or wealth, com- • d, in the contempla- ictions ! Who would wherever he goes, the lageof nature, from > life; and at the ex- from horrid massa- ue! Whom parents lie families indebted ind him with tearful which contains the ' who ^to use the ez- ledgedhimhisbene- ! Americans who re- lit countiy. The «x- 1 he Mved, wu almoat lie annaU of history, or hcxmg, as those which nore and New Orleans, te people were receiv- t and respectability. |0- ■4'i',''f->'^K"''*'^'*."' ''■'" -'i-' .•ss"- •: .'histoeyofthewab. in , wiU «Hl i„d».^ were „":^;iV«J ^fMio""' Hi. waapresented for signature, the vdemanHL? t**^ P^P*' of1K:~ f Se7;eKwn'STf ^ the blood -hiunX plovers. ""J" ''®" '"»o«'n ^ the disgrace of their em- iSi^rhetlt?i4^of=^^^ respectable famiUea of the Sfi^nT of ?h '^'^ """^^ Jjenof fortune and property, wfth -SrolteUrf .lutel'ari"ce*^^^^ -?«•-»! to in- to be rescued^froTth*SlibU, rrr*\*'^'""^^^^^^^^ • JJPt?n»Aikins,C«^" T^ Muir. Jir. Parrow. BUiot wLi aLT^ZI' ^ r^ reverend *rins by the American JffiJl'" ThZJ*^"" ^'^""'•^^^ •iona interested himMlf^foJ^SeLfr.^.^ ""J'*'"* °<^**- certainly been said on this distessJn^^uK- *^''^"«^ *«« however, cannot be omttedSn ''**'* ^"""^ P^^. ««ernes. of the people iXtroSTnn.!:: r?«^»g the »»ppy captives. acSSlvU^i^ purchasing the un- 2;^7«n:hSr,ru^^^^^^^ £"th?;«:ir«*"^ wan the government Thi« nffi^-.. . ^^ l^ave more ,taotedtothei»nkofabr&ST„?' *ft«'*'^*«'8 pro. ««»d conduct, partkutarl^ !I'J T**'J'?®°<^« <»f^hi8 £fi--joftheE£. if«rs^,^^ fr»« ^ Hi. th« clie.axof^s'Stl'li^ThriT^ II. m . , V 1 , ,v\ .!>;, "r. ■ mt 1 ■i 1-1 : .;^.. 110 ftlSTORV OP THE WAR. Britain wijfullj shuts her eveg. Th^ f * wards proved to tJie 8.ti«f«7#? T"® %**" ''«« after- «n'tv to consign the guiltv wlvik * *"*•"?* '*"« «nagnani- The incidents of tliis ?atL7r«nK^ P.""«hment. * volume. A few di^ys aftJ^he ffff- ""^i* *'« «^«"«d to a w»s despatched by general iLl •®"''' ? '^°<=*«'" M'Keehan attending the sic7,Sw*fcHT *^'* ^5^ Purpose of as tJ.e;^ Snght wait The dSr^ '"'r'-^.* wcfihin^ fla?, his sacred errand anifpn^ *,°****'*'«'*«''dwg hS B&h officer, sSJTng^he oWeToV SJ^ ^''^'''**^ *^"J tuaUy wounded and FobSd "^ then \i ""T""' ^** «c- whence he was taken to^ebec Aft^fK^* *««. balden, several months, dramd from ni,. C^®*" ?**" »»««nng8 o/ geon to dungeon, suE^^hS courdte. ^'"^ ^'"»- the banks of the Niger, he at lenjih \*^^^ "*^««' on a constitution totali^ impaired ?LkT''!? ¥"«' '^i*^ occurrences which it bec?mesihe nwf f!.**!* *''«*«««ng Jonan to record. The Et sick?n- "i Jl"*^ °^ *»>« »"•- tionofso «uch depravity 'wht*'*^* contempla- t^kento^akeushate thfe-^iamYSf E^,S ™"*i» P^°« . 1 far from being the wish of T^^- *'''8'"hman ? Thii snot to be accounted for, tlt^S*- S"<* conduct ly rooted hatred on the ^Toft^ ESk'*^*^* «*«*P- We know thatpains haVe been 7^1,7 ?*L«*)«™n>ent. ipinds of the peSpJe of EneUnd ^ . "/° ^*'*'^*'' « the tional character j we know tlmt hf T**.°'P* '^'- »«' M- represented us a^ a sava^^ «ce tolK'''"S!"''*°" ''«ve of c,v, ized life cannot bf extended ^" '^'u ^^""rtesiea be reciprocal. These th;n!«^!l* '***^*"*« they cannoT .thec<.Me,„™ce,h,dorde~d.T. I.'' •PP«lien«ive of d.eU men, under' major CotoevM^'t:?'"' "f'!'"* "-.li. gene™. «-i.in „i,ti-:^Jr«,n,^^^''J jir V7 ,vl 'f^^.^ u^Wi' B facts were after- very man, and the ad not the magnani- luuishment. 'ght be swelled to a a doctor M'Keehan for the purpose of •rovide suchthinrt otwithstanding his ter directed taany s mission, was ac- »gged to Maiden, sr the suffenn|58 of place, fronr dun- [l hardly occur on ached home, with, are the distressinir «idutyofthe|,i.. ttthe contempla- ! so much paint Jhshman? This • Such conduct eedsfromadeep. |ini government, to cherish in the 'Dipt for our qa- lumniatprs have • n the courtesies usethej cannof in end, oradaj n after i-eached with reinforce- ^et^with cha^ pprehensive of nt of three hun- eneral Perkins* !iief. Hearing Rapids, where retreated to -!:!^- •^ Vv ?" L'-.if HISTORY OP THE WAR. ^ Se^^1^S/';;^^P^^^^^^^ aiui.«on with l«rr ancfstores thw cominl f "?? ^"^ '^'»"^°7 of artil- first, howerer, dMStcKir fe** Sandu V He and seventy ienTr tte punTe^n^^J^^ ""'^ ''""^'^ the unfortunate fugitives TS^kP'*''""* "P ^^ch of number of these was virt?ir' ''*^« escaped. The of the snow, whirrenSS^eSrj-'°'"'°>^ ^th ►¥•»• *» make their w^ To;«„iu;'r'*''".P«?^'*''« ^o-'them despttched two regiments to thVY/'**''*^'''! P'-°'»P«y , who.again advance? to the R«njl"??''« °^ Harrison, about constructinra fnrtwW''.*"'' "nraediately set at the same time constructP.I »; it '"•^^'ncations were neral Cooks, who commrndid the K„^*?'^"''^^ '^Z %^ Excepting some pardpg on evrnr!- ^«""«.y'yan.a miiitia. tnfbspireS durinffi severe S"'' "??"°S additional • ment of general Winchester ^'3*®'^™«nth8. The move- theplans%f HarrS . anS it^ considerably deranged a new system. He reCned to ni,-''r'***7 ^ °'g*°i^ * obtaining an additionTfor^ fro?;;''J'''-/J« P^'^PO^e of tucky. TowardsthebShiror A^r^.*'''*"^ Ken- formation which bastenef his rf turn t^F^rf if'^-^'"*'^ ''^' * he enemy for some Hm- 1- \ . . . ^^^^ Meigs, considerable numberTfor^Sr'^' ''*^ ''^^n eoIleTting in «Hs place, anrastJitfle?^^^^^^^^^^ Pennsylvania brigade, although fte f '^r *'''"'«*^' ^^e jxpired, generously volunSfeA. T ^^*«'*^'<=« had fort. Immediatelv on bia 1 • . *"•■ *''« **^fe"ce of the about making 74^:^^ri^t^^±^-^''^^- -^ IJie fort was s tuatPil im«« • • ^PP^oaching sieare—- ta.renty-«'r»"' one of the parties constantly kept out for the purpose et noting the advance of the enemy, reported that he waj in great force about three miles below. A »«>.J*"™"1 and Indians showed themselves on the opposite Wd« ; but a few shot from an eighteen pounder, compelled ^em to retire. A despatch was now sent to hasten the march ol general Clay, who was approaching with twelve hundred militia from Kentucky. These brave people* so much sufferers during the war, were ever the foremost to meet danger, and thl first to fly to the relief of their friends. On the three following days, the enemy was occupied in selecting the best positions on eithf r side of the nver, around the fort, whence it mi^t he annoyed, and m erecting batteries on the opposite side ; m the latter they wire considerably impeded by the fire from Fort Meigs; buttheyusuallyaiayedthemselyesof the night, to proceed in tfie work. A fire of small arms had bee*, kept up by them, which was returned by the Amencaa artillery, but without any loss of importance on either •The garrison suffered somewhat from want of water, their well riot being completed ; and it was attended wi^ Seat risk to obtain thefr supp v during the mght from Se river. The perpetual vigiFance necessary to be ob- rerved, to guard agiinst a surprise, by lying constant^ on their arms, was calculated to wear them down. On ^e S Sf May, the enemy had succeeded in mounting (Ms Silteries, aJd opened a fire with one twenU-four pounder, one twelve, one six, and one howitzer. Noma- di.5ury wasdo'neon either side : the commande ^S chief made a narrow escape, a ball having struck a bench on which he was sitting j and !0'»«^»f .^^^If^^^^^^ man was mortally woiinded% his side. On thp third, . ^additional battery was opened, at the distan^s of two hundred and fifty yards from the fort, counted wi^ J nOTtar,and a nimW of bombs wg-e tlirown? but this XTeveral times silenced. In tl# part of the siege, i^or Chamber* approached the fort with^ flag, and f«r ■A '8e 6f lat he was f^ British iite\ide;bafc , lem to {he march of el ve hundred )lei 80 mach most to meet their friends. 8 occupied in of the river, oyed, and in in the latter, ire from Fort , of ttie night, • rms had bee»- the American ice on either , ant of water, attended with le night from isary to be oh- ' ing constantly . m down. On 1 in mounting e twentv-foiir itzer. No ma- te commander aving struck* tlay^ before, a. Onthp third, listance of two counted with *^ irown ; but thia t of the 8ie«e» iti flag,andtor ■<^ «■ "> . J' -4 ./ -i'Vi ' - r X-- HISTORY OF THE WAR. 113 Hie *fir8t time, summoned the | place to surrender. He stated, that the British commalnder toas^esirow of spar- ing the effusion of human blood^ that his force was so^m- mense that it would be impossible to withstandsit ; and that, unless the Americans thre|w themselves at once upoa the tender mercy of Proctor, they might expect to be massacred in cold blood. Thjis summons was received by Harrison, with the contempt and indignation it merit- ed. To look for mercy from th^rh^nds of Proctor, yet reeking from the murder of thje Kentuckians, at the riven^ -'>sRaisin, would have been imbecility indeed ; and if he had hot been able to restrain th6 Indians then, how could he OQw ; when, according to his own account, the num- berof Indians collected, was greater than had ever been known. The con^ander expressed his surprKej-that the K&rrison bad not been Summoned before ; this at least impKed they thought hivn resolved to do his duty : and that as to. the number of his force, which he represented as of such unusual magnitude, it wa^ a tricl^ which he perfectly understood. He then requested major Cham- oers to return for answer to general Proctor, that while he bad the honour to command an American fort, it should never surrender to St combined force of British and In- diana. The siege was renewed with ereat vigour, and the fir- ^ ins wail hotly k^t up on both si^s. The Indians mount* edon trees at some distance from the fort, tired into it, and killed and wounded several. On the fifUi^ a small party from the advancing!^ corps under general Clay, reached the f0r^ with the information, tliat he was in his boats not many miles above. Orders were instantly des"^ ^i. ■^ r^mm wmmm .,^v. lU HISTORY OP THE WAR. kted ■f •ndje British rejjl.^;^^^^ Might. A Urge body of Indian*, under *i2 Tacamseh. w.. on tfieir march 2 the BriM-K ViTAu JW, met the fugitive. ; this bodViL J&S^^f^!? , to form an ambushj and waitthi^.KLlM'r'T o"""®"^** Mna .-and, to decov them ? V ?PHW^*^the Amferi- wives out ohhe wZds IS'i;*!''' '"dW^Bbewtjd >em. Dudley hav nKexMitedMio^"'"*^ the action, cjlonel but hi/men iredwifhtkt^^^^^^^ ' de8ireofrevenKinKtheirri.r^r J^*^ ''*'""*•* ^'*'» <»>« «i f?-«!^ with^'KU^^^^^^^^ P-*- der jn vain attempted to cS S7V. *"" ^"""»n- ^WessulJoTnd^^^^^^^^^ nt^fc "ko Tieldwl Hnf*^*. ? -J '"'"T>»M<1 «o save thoM •> *,».■■ 'Mwi '-•-4f * - '-^^p;?^' WAR. dontheeiKiib*»i d in a ipell ih (Mnppirhtin jtly ordered ,^jf the Amieri- I shewed ^hem- action. Colonel inded a retreat; >U8ed with the intrymen, pnsh- Their comman- reer; he even nothing could y found them- iher. A.de^. tjaalaughterof It the river Rai- e battle.' The h more gtener- r; and even on to save those y made their »ng. Colonel \o the river ; dian after he ° under general was near be- when e^ieial ara cover urtj, in some under polonet th at the head e line of their regulars and iant charges, fly spiked 4e <• i .j^ ,ri '.•y- HISTOBY OP THE WAR. 115 .. Th"e"St\"hij^Tas'nS^^^^^^^ bv major Ale«nd"'rba?toSo^* Canad,„^ j ipdian. Mille/, against the r^Ui?.°rj «' **'^"** ^j colonel ^nd lieutenant Campbell, and VJomilnv of ir^T'I^» *ns, comihanded by cantain S-S*^^ ofKentuclci- «ui«hed himself in thJ bXS Fr^^ltow^Jfl ^"'•"- ny was partcularlv rom.riroki 7"*™. ""w"^ • tn»s compa* ,^ A cessat on of hostilid*.. ♦««!/ , ^^^ **?*«. . ptegers and the be8ieir«H «n!I : *^ Between the be* edfnto for thi ^xch^S^eTprisS^^T^^^ ""'^ ««'«'- to re ease his claim to tte i^Sk J K T.'*'iT**** provided some Wyandots E!?hl l" H ?« Indians, . delivered up ; an/ pSr nnl^'r^^'r"'^ '^*'^^' ^^^^ , the killed, woLnded, and prisCrt^ 'ITV '"^ "^ he never complied. On the nJnS * 1 *'"*' ^oiveter, . to be engage/^in maWngVA^^^^^ \ege J a schooner, and ^^ml^M^l^'^Ji'^'^ ^^ wege, and moved afFivith a^: l.i - » "**/ ■vised the M: T .\v "" **'"■ "»eir whole force ihus termih'ated asiese of th!r#i«, j our enemies were Wht*di«; i^"??" I*^*' « which should succeed in takinr an Ame I'; *°i.fi!^ t ^^ej should succeed in t7king"a7American"«r.Si5: u *''^J' «««.(; WM much ttrmj «»b halin,^'""!;^' •» ^ :!:•' ^» . "*• "1= "??' • "t^r.'n* yW".' *^'^a|if»'m % 4sss£i: ■mf" '■ \/i :^v/ :'^^^^ 'I » \ 116 1. HISTORY OF THE WAR. ^ The «^orc; „;^ r; " ne J^^^^ «f war. hundred aird fifty reS^ ZlW ^!f '"T'^^'' »* five at least fifteen h^indfeSdiat il-""'^.™''*'*' «"d courage, and, on several nll^' ^** ^°"S''* with great in the B?rtiesVcom the |irrTson"on7h '".''' *'';''• ^"'« affair, Tecumseh arrived in npr« ®-*!*^ °^*''« ^ast body of Indians that h^^ ^ l°°' ^•^'' tl?e largest noriern fronSer • aJ^ , J^ n^Tfhh'" .-'""^.'^^^^ «»^he »8 probable the situation of tf? , '°''*'^ *«'^«" P'ace, it .extremely critical. '/Kdians afre?r"K''^..l'*^« ^««» Wg to the custom ^vhich ZvauL «.^nn *A\"'*» *'=««'-d- turned to their villages PnSn??i^* *''^"''''«d re- «um«eh, and his 8uferdinat?'ihiefe ' Th''^''*^^ ."^^6- - froctor was obliged Precipitatelt to rp* ? weakened, hind manj valuabfe aWicleVwhrch in hufe '?1»« ^'' unable to carry away. BMi!l«?i.*' '^^'t* he was already named, there^^eremanrothp ^T'5?" ««*^«™ ed themselves / major Ball «n-^» 1^ 1^"* distinguish- frequently compIiminte5lk*gen'eraTo'rdr' ^'^f"" great service during the siege .^cSnp'**''?' rendered occasion made a brilliant sl^tie oKl RrV^t*"' °" «"« BWjors Todd, Johnson, Sedwick R 1„? ''i? o^S"'*'* 5 were mentiowjd in the mosf hi ' Jfi' ^"•^ Stoddard! a man of distingui^h^^it:fa?;X^i*^^^^^^^^ *»•«>*!«; severe wound of whidi Hb 7r^l T'^^J ^^ ""ece'ved a '-"'"ms'mm .# ■^1' w 'tt;?;^-.- ^^.* K.- m ^Hi liH^ 1 „ ■ ■■ '. '^ w »«i •«&?*• ■ % "»-, 'iMSIijk^&jij m»- WAR, )urie(I, and horri*. er with some of • ' reported at five red militia, and ought with great icued their allies e day of the last ''Hh ti\e largest ollected on the 5 taken place, it 'uld have been battle, accord- t them, had re- ertions ofTe- iu8 weakened, sat, leaving be- 9 haste he was erican officers 10 distinguish- cer, who was ers, rendered »ghan, on one ish regulars j nd Stoddard, »8j the latter he received a -d. Captain handsomely sfly of joung the accoBi- was a son of « Clair's de- > enumerate operations eitlier side, ns on lake "-^ •jtlness, the -^Pper San- bue of coo- ■*. HISTORY OF THE WAR. ny IP sequence could be effected j the troops would, therefore, continue a great part of the summer in a state of inac- tivitjr, awaiting this event. In the mean time general Harrnon returned to Franklinton, for the purpine of or- ganizing the forces expected to concentrate at that place. A deputation from all the Indian tribes residing in the state of Ohio, and some in the territories of Indiana and Illinois, made a tender of their services to follow general Harrison into Canada. Hitherto, with the exception of a small band commanded by L6gan, a distinguished chief and nephew of Tecumseh, none of the friendly Indians had been employed by fhe United States. The advice to remain neutral, could not be understood by them j they considered it in some measure a reproach upon their courage, more particularly, as several hostile incursions had been made of late into their settlements by the hos- tile Indians ; note the death of Logan. General Harri- son consented to receive them into the service ; but ex- pressly on condition, that they should spare their prison- ers and not assail defenceless women and children. Although the settled parts of the country were shield- ed from the depredations of the Indians, they still con- tinued to attack the settlements along the borders of the lake, from Frenchtown to Erie. These inroads receiv- ed a temporary check, from a squadron of horse under major Ball. This officer was descending the Sandusky with twenty-two men, when he was fired upon, by about the same number of Indians in ambuscade. He charged upon them, drove them from their hiding places, and af- ter an obstinate contest on the plain, favourable for the dperations of cavalry, he first killed their chiefs ; the savages seeing no kope of escape contended with dread- fol fury until the whole band was destroyed. During the hfeat of the fight the major was dismounted, and had a personal conflict with a chief of prodigious strength, and ttey fought with desperation, unUl an officer shot the Indian. _ We now return to the operations of our armies on the Worthem frontiers, events of a very important character having transpired in that quarter, since the winter, by which hostilities had been suspended, It ^ '^'tf^l • 'S.X" 1 .M .••' ■* ■■ r*v "« H'STOttY OF THE WAa H CHAPTER Vn. British prepmtions in Can«d»~i«.... • r Sackett's Harbour«R„i«,r^"„" ^"*'«> B™^" defend. townofSodusattaclcedTa rofZ^^^ Dearborne-The tak,ng of York-British devastate th^t ^'^''"^^— Second Plain-Cruise of co™a,odo.; C W;'"^^^^ Ch«a. During the winter. Great Bri#«:« u* j^^ ** of troops to Halifax, for the nurno,! *?! ?*"* * »""'>««• in the spring, i„ the dXW CalSf'^TP'^^^' success of the allies on the conJinh? l :. ^.''e recent any disposition she m^ have had fb;.*'* taken awaj dearlj proved by the rejection nf^K-i, * ''*"^®' *»'«'«• The militia of CanadaTas dL? ,' ?"'''.*° '"^''^'^ and from the. reatertrr^'of'tKitrsh'^ ^''' '"''' It was enabled to brino- thim m« "T government, and to retain the^fo" a l^n^T. '''""'P*^ •°»*> ««''^'«. the past year, from he war f Tn ''" » ^f*'^*^' ^^-^ng ficult to preiail on the s^I*« ?u""P.*P"'*''' 'twasdiS militia J a^nd volunteers! l^X'tT'' *"/*" °"* *he ward was so spiritedly carded nn ^ ""f *" *'''' ^^st- northern section of tie Lnwfrt "' "^Tf ^*^"^«'-*'' *" the It was still hoped that such nr?A '"*•''"* '■"*" ""'"bers. ^ during the winV.as woulf aTtoZTK"'' ''%""^^*- importance than had been donp^h *^ something of more the golden moment for Te conque«7n7r '^*"^"^«V *']'»"»«'» ed, Hie British having so strenK i S.*"**** ^^ P* "s- rendertheexecutKsuchrn?^-*"^'* ^''^'n^elves, lis to difficulty It wasToug^rZ^r'?^^^^^^ vigorous effort, particularlv if ♦kT ^'-J /•* . ^ ""« '"ore l^tes co.ld be housed, a^ tl » JP'"t "^ ^''^ ^o'thern forth in its strength 8nml? **'°" ^^ •»«<*« to move If a complete c^mfand^uld^b^e l^l '"'S'^* ^e effected! the whole of unoer crnaT ;®,<»bt«'n«3 on the Jakes, winter. ^^' ^*^^»' »* ^e^st, must fall before ■■■*v ■&! \-„ .. -'>*d *.i».Vv.t:-iv.? ^4^y" Ji^m^^ )« ^-n- * onip the line ptnl^*: " *' *^^ different posts of S^'uence tmn?p? Kr?n ^^""^^^rs, noE| - In the month nf £T ""S the winter. ^ crossid^r^tchote&'th^^^^ *«*™^' -ha many wanton denredS. nn S ^^*'^«"» committed of thi inhabitants*^ MaJoTC^^ ^"^''' '"''^ *"'"P^'''^ Pgdensbu.^h resolved'"'?; ^eS^fC'^JjJS^TJ?"^* Pjrt of his riflemen, and such vofJnteers^stK. j'""^ * of whom were private ffi»n«»«n r fi. ^ V»ered, some he crossed the^ St Law ° n!? °^ *^^neighbourhood, Elizabeth-town! took fift^,?::' ZZn"^ *''" 8"*'^ *' were one major, W Spteinrann^nT^'i^ ^'''»"» P^r^rt, I^VnSrnXrathelte^^^^ tatSTnal^te^^^^^^^ «.e BritUh medi- out his militia, to aKhe &n^» ?l^*°?^'*^'*=»*'«d British appeared rtheSlstnrF.K'*^^'** P'*^*' '^'^e hundred men. This for^ «„ l^™*''-''*. «'»«» twelve ' Forsjthe. succeeded iHxpenr; hi'^T""';?* 'h** <>f but not without a sharp co,Xcr^rtRH?V'''; *"-''» Ml two columns, of six LndrPdLnu^'"'^'* attacked in the morning/and were com^^^^^^ *??' " ^'S**' °'<^'«^k nel, of the Glengary S tnSv^^ ^ "•P?*? ^*^«»- pec»Harci«^,aSdc^oBFr^^^^^^^^ Ihe Americans kept ud the cantJte ^f""'» «n»htia. loss of twenty men kijfedLfnT' ^7 f** '*<""*» with the cool and del Cateirj^/J,^XJ:'*'^\ '^^^ *he Blshoft^sa^ur^WU"^-,^^^^^^^^^ / ... /^ ft fA'^. r '.■,!■ ■; '5 - ■•»■ •*- - I 111 I ■[iiftfwmitwii''*i '"••nj»*»«-j'— - ^,'^X^'^^*•■ m no mStOltt OP THE WAR. they regarded as a great victor j j and in coneeqabnce, » message was sent with the news to colonel M'Feely.com- manding the Amerij?an garrison of Niagara, informinR him that a salute would be fired from Fort George. The American officer expressed his satisfaction at being able to return the complement, as he had just received intel- ligence of the capture of Ms majesty's frigate Java, by an American frigate of equal forc^; and intended to fire a salute from Niagara, at the same time, in honour of this brilliant victory. Bodies of new levies were daily arriving at Sackett's Harbour, and the vicinity of that place. To convert new recruits, in the course of a few months, into effi- cient troops, was not an o^ration easily performed. In- defatigable industry was displayed, in this essential duty, by Pike, lately promoted to the rank of a br^uiier, m consequence of his meritorious services, and increasing « reputation. Pike was ainipst cradled in the camp; his father,a revolutionary officer, was still in thte army but too far advanced in life for active service. He was acquaint- ed with all the details of the military profession, having served in every grade from a soldier to the general. He Sossessed an ardent mind, and was highly animated by a esire of martial dory and renown. Pike was already a favourite in the United States, and distinguished as one of the adventurousexplorers of the immense Western de- sert. He had here given proefe of much fortitude of mindi^ vigour of body, and great prudence andjintelligencer- His zeal and activity were afterwards conspicuous, in the success with which he formed the regiment placed under his command. He was beloved bv his troops, whom he knew how to engage, and into whom he could infuse a portion of his own generous spirit It is not surprising, therefore, that the progress made by the troops atSack- ett's Harbour, under the unceasing attention of this ac- complished officer, should be unusually rapid. Notiiing was wanting but an opportunity, on opening of the cam- paign, to lead them to the achievement of some glorious exploit. 4 8 a i a ii P ?*. ■\^ ■■^•^v leqaeBce, » Peebr«coin- informiiig )rge. The l^in^ able ived intel- te Java, bjr ided to fire lour of this t Sackett^s 'o convert into effi- med. In- ntial dut^, igadiertin increasing' :amp ; his mj but too acquaint- n, haying eral. He mted by a a already ledas-one estem de- eofmind^ encer- His us, in the :ed under whom he d infuse a urprising, at Sack- i* this ac« Nothing the earn- iglorioiu H' ' r ':i'^ -I- ■ ■■ i Hi' K 1 "* .'■ 'v7^ ^ '-k '1 \ ■ \i I : - :>| t '' 1*1 ■< . HISTORY OP THE WAB. -•A the Canada shore y^^s w:ZctL vV" .t ^'''''''''^ ^ Upper Canada, was the C of ail I^'^ .«}\capital of stores, whence the Western n„A ^"*"'* ™''>ta»T was known that a hJelZSZt Tl '"PP"^''- « nearly completed. SiSL'^.f SJ^the^tocks, and party was iliamense ; anHiouW «„ „ff ' E'^'^ ^ '^•^«'- successful, it miffht be foiu j «" attack on.it prove «tteckupon*oS&5:^feL"S''J' ^" '"^^^^i^i^ and aided by the fleet mithf-!^^'®" concentrating success nJe ^linsTJcin^. ' ''"^ ^'^P^^' ^' . AboutUe middle of AnnI *ko m conference with Pike and n^! ^^^^a^^er in chief, on attacking York. Mai^r F^ ^^u®*'*''?' ^^etermined ed to Ogde'sburg on th? ;etreTif^K^'*"n^*^«*"'•'^- ordered with hif riflemen 7n.°^*''®^"*'8h» was bourj and cominodor« r? *° '^P*'^ *» Sackett»s Har- the Navy De'PretTtTr^^^^^^ borne, in any plan of oneratinn^^k^ i^u S^**®*"^' ^ear- carry into '^ecZC^'C^lttofT'^'r'i *« moved down the Lake pvpt^ ^''^ '^P'?^ ^^e fleet made for the projSatt^ci '?Kr'"S^r."S »»««« principally suWIsted bv Ku' i \P' u1' "^'"^^^ ''^d been at his particulKuest S.. ?7*' ^'l''*^ judicious, and eU him with its exTudon n T*"^r '" chief intrust^ vthe fleet safdy Sed the Sac"*'" f^'l' ^* ^"^^ «'<='.«^&JC. ,^«t. <:.: i-itMiiifefiJiiHfiiwyfi?? . .'«^»'!5*Wi»«W«rP»v>» "'-^.V' "'n* ropX"^„r,;,TX!;ir^^^^ ^f^edt: ;"e?r„stork';jo^''°« *•'»" — "^ stantly leaped into thpKn^J knowing ,ts reason, in- hMta^ff, atfhisre te'o4rK£S with a part of his reoimAnf iff •'."'S *<> follow, shore, hJwever/ForsX h^d lild ^^ T'"'^'? the gallaatly asceS the^T wS/f ''T '"'i'J^'^' ^^en under a shower of bullets from ttl' '"'"T °^"'*''» ' chai^d impetuousfy upon them ^thlir'^f""- •"« disorder and fled. tW haH^«.^ ^V'^ thrown into wfien thebuelerofFor«*K^ ««arcely been achieved, beenvicSlTl^S^ng^^^^^^^^^ irregular fire, but the Indies had S a f IPf^P ^"^ grenadiers now suddeX iWH f ^, ^e^h bo^r of made a desperate chaS in maior KJn't' ^""^^^"^ '•'hich by this dme was dSwn uiTni Ik W regiment, Son bio™'' "'""""■"' """""»* retreateStoS: V^ 1; f^ »N i f •^*fSw«»w», <,' In par- •jing For- We; this »l force o^ musketry have gone 1 i he de- e enemj ; >t, that he . rning the ovement, Bsen, in- iself and o follow, :hed the s closelj achment er major tf'Cltire, le, now of those Yi then ofmen, rs. He wn into ihievedj lad also tqp an Jodj of >d, and iment, first it to the ;Brit. isider- ^ ►m the 1 to the \^ V ^; I * HISTORY OF THE WAR. \ ,33 The whole of the troops having now arrived, thev wer* ineainerent bodies of troops under maiors Lewis and Lust.ce, and color^els M«Clure and Ripl?yrwe;e d,W "■e approacn ol the Americans, the enemv retreatlnrr JSitel'n ".„*i°?i;r'-' »^'-™»« th."t«.^KofX edrSbEEtr. J •"•"J.'*™ evacuated, he suspect- «cret (Jr^i ^ draw h™ within the iach of Some »M.n ?hf.'t„;toTr?™ !^™''" '■•™» "i-iy with huge stones and fr^Li.f* f «^m instantly filled and w^Hed aloft h^ f^^Smentsof wood, rent asunder rels of ^JwSe? Thl^s w^! *#"^ ^f^ve hundred bar- the BriShad prenLd h.!t I'^T'*^.™' ""^"^ ^^ich ■iicnpotLi I P™P*""» out which Pike could not hawe .ffie«d m'^rfdlTli,!" 1'?T ■■'««™°"«'S column. c^inT. f ' i?r*.''? ""*' <* *« victorious theirTjemirLd ^"t^iff^^t M^ J^d"" f '.'™ '' wards of two himHr-^ j » Killing and wounding up- commandeMhe hettl pl^Su*™.*''^ '^r''' '■•*-:> ,..v::; ' '*;> *f i^^l0m':?^^^X ^'ftSt^^5.-*-^i '3 F' ^ 0-- -■< ■v''*i lai ii \ HISTORY OF THE WAR. ■•"-M' Jo tbeir recollection hv *!.* ^.*- . ^'e. The column M^i„V*!lT''"''8'<=fc» Yankee rent the air, i„ thrtur^Jt ^ ln"3f "P' '^'^'^ ^^J t«.be mortal 5 he JSuowIver T*"''""*,^' «««« ft>"od «P>ntj «move oi, my bTav. 5 K'^'*'"''*^ ''» "n^launted general/' he criJdriddressin. f^' ^^^ revenge C ThejinstantljobejW: He "°^^^ for the last time. \hi8 men, to be con4jed wi bolrd f\ ^u-^"" "P^J-ome of % reached the shore of the lLZ Jt^ ''"^ ' scarcely had ndi,8 shout from his briwde bri^Kr''^^ * i^'* """^ ^cto- tbeWiring^lampoflSf afaiifJ*^ for a moment. vrou3Kper|f« hSn teexmeT^tT''^}^'^^^^^ carned^n l^ard the pT^Z B^?^fe a^er his beSg ♦o him iVt sight of it, hSeve !»«.?„ '' ^'^ r" '>"»ught for a monUntrand m.u:!. •^- ***"* resumed its !««?«» ,-- Lb ffi ' h"glS»P, KJj' » «• ^ ptt'^ "our whii will ij™ «,i(i, ( *1"«'i. Tbng fe|| , _^ that-moral excellpno^ Ju- ? ?» "* «'»8 adorned wJfl. . J^Iished HoldLrindS..:,^^'^^.^^^^^^^ JoVe accTm^ very dav-sprinff of life ^ '^*** . ^'"'«' &"inif in tfl whatthe-^rijen/d "l^'of To Tc^' '■*?"^ *°4ate forth. He was am^le^b ai Z ^^^^1 ''*»"^'* W^ l«;e, strictly observant of Jhrd^i^JJ^H '■«'»ti<»'»8 cf g'on J he was a sincere n«fJ«?\®* of mQrajitj and relil to give ^^ncn^{:f^^^;^^-^^^ aWaia-ct?X:- -^^^^^^ . . t"ilj his own. No ofef^rtnTJi^". ^* ''^'•^» werj «d and perfect sense rfhonoiJi^etlTrf:? ""^'"^ ««"■ « »t, are the orders which he ^1 *?*•*" ' " * P^oof fNswf-tj .1 \ f^'f'i^ mw ■;v^;^^.' ■^:^ v^-W.T'T'f'^' HISTORY OP THE WAR. ,25 manifesM itself in striking contrast with the conduct of our enemy, who has elsewhere exhibited Ihe noblest rn'n?' •"!* ,^ho seems to consider this nlw worW too found already in the possession of ForevX^fW ^^ ».»deri„ chief ft. Ly UsU rr^i^r could destroy the miliUry .tores, 3 bum tte velu J unmanly attempt tj"t^*"u,t t'it^'T'' .mj.,.„gU,em under the preLee of 4cus™»|'th1 rtS^ tte British w.^ eupged in^'de'L^ctioi'S SeTb' licit property. Bj- the tenhs of the stipulation th^^ iZ''"H'°'''"""»' '"™' "ffl^" "S seara?r;,'^S- &D.Kir:? ""'»'"" "^i*' P«blick"C;e» 1 1* /' 'iJ.^ ool of the scAhTt^ I .y ^o«ld sav hir *t l ""» «id to wP'W.S i^ii^, JT iX '' -Ai^ 'i\--^^%r^.i ,^., 'WfT^ll^^^l * T'l^'^S coniid^red u nich cannot on» Antone no over the «8 have en- 'ng thetn to ? officers of ins to panu indulgence, '«n scalp to ,a civilized raeJirutali- "8 *^ Had „ ?^enthi8 loii of his >e name of tnd inde<. •e'oiv the '«5ht the with hep r» which * coun. le faine, fyj or , he gnii. /id felt 'e, who should linen. 9n the mdto sjm- sres- rour- men, r ".X V HttTORV OP THE WAR • ;)i- lar *-»ucwiin8tandin» #1.- . • *' addressed a »«« i*® P*"ncinal dvJi k« Tf« conduct of , Great assiS; tJJ"^ ^T "• ^^ "'*"'' ""«' ^ ^^ "•e co-operat"on r?* ''^"^«'"«d during fh. ^^i5g the troops ?i°'^*^"'n'nodore ChauL ^^g^ge^ent ^'^'■y Hriiid ' '^^^ vessels, incnnl "*^®-^» after land. . «d a galling and Lt™ .r ** *f '« ^«« eS^j %^*^7 ^^e . to the succMa „f :L"™<^*»ve fire. wh.Vk ^* **•«/ open- wiled «dXe?° '""!■• '^«keS«S''?.*'^'»^5. -' explosion ?? ^"1^"* were killeS « *** *°^ wounded »nd FvSr I?* *'^« °f the Ln" a7 ""^ ^^nded by the mortal .itri: """^ "'ounded ;^tK ' ^'P'*'"* Nicholson 128 HISTORY OP THU WAR. third redment of artillery, who fomted the column after ^J^^^ar^r d.8t.n^.8hed himself. Major Eustice, captSns Moot; «?»« u-i^°'**^ M'Glassii, and Stephe'n U, Moore of the Baltidaore volunteers, who lost a lee by the were nained among the most distin^ishe? of the day. ^ Then* were taken from the Bnlish, one lieutenant- colonel, one major, thirteen captains, nine lieutenants. nivT r*'^^' T Jeputy-adjutant-Reneral, and four muln5?"S' *"** *r ^^""^'^^ and fiTty-one' non-com' missioned officers and privates. But it was contended, that according to the capitulation, th,i commanding gen^ «^^' •»" «**?Au"'* *" ^'^ "^^fe"'""' o"8''t to have beenlur- Jh! ^"* ;f *^ R 1^1!' '''''■^r 'J^ "" ""*■''■"• procedure on the part of the British general, as well in tiiis business, as in the destruction of the publick property, after it had ' ?r" My. surrendered, ^ith resect to the explosion, • It was attributed by general Sheaffe to accident ; and as a proof, he mention-. >p\ %' '1^ '■'':... • V w.< «:•. . ■--*F,-i *0> HISTORY dp THE WAR. 189 n)«nge distance, has no wf>ii»lif ;« u- . may have fWceedJd Jmti h.vSn *«">•*'«" '• «>« sufficient accuracr for SnSn rT^^ calculated with eould have h^lXi^LS'lV'!^^^* •'"»o"8h nothing ton of ou/gaHant countrymen^ '^««t'-«<> - place in thS midst of theS^hlllJ'lSf'Pj""'"" ^^^^ for supposition that- it wa?fl. ^ u '^* '*•«" •>« «>«"» . «nder ttie circuiTtanc,^ *h?*V'^l'* ^ but, .ease, appea« neTt" frip^^ t" "fc'f^^''^*- *»>«' ti«h» amounted to sevpnES IS /^e'oss ofthe Bri- . pounded and priirnrrs'fofteta?''"^ ^"'«^» ed were not short oftwo hun^rS ' IJ "• ** ""^ wound- ed to fifty reinilar« «n? r'*^/*0| the prisoners amount- toanimie^amCVas'^des"*™^^ ^^^^7 "mined to the value SfaTTewth.T'** "n'^ «>e'?«till re- in his hasty retreat, ^nerdSh.iL*r'i°" "^ dollars : W, contiining all hTs boJks tn!?^^ abandoned his bag- a v^uable acqufsitiin. \5^X. ffle^:'*'*^'^ P^^^^^ 'orkwasabrilliairtachieviinl^^ J *' .® capture of projector. It wilhe fi^rd^wVif T^^^^ tinction,towhichweaftenvw3r.nI '^.'""''^"•'J^ dis- and embarked. The flee? !?«„ ®^.*.''®fi"*ofMay, harbour until the eiS^th'^^^i^eh^^^^ leave th^e' time been despatches NiaaraK«^^ *" **>« ™««n of the success of the exw^iV^; '"5'""r8t"^™'I'«'^w »o;:ementofthetroop8?^*""°°» ^'^^ *^^ ^"*«»<*«d Foife^^?^^^^^^^^ the attack of attempted the year befor/ r!!l''*i*'««»"n8uccessful|y ing thecommand of the iX 9°"»'"<»^o'"e ChaunceyhaZ to any part with facufty /w.TP* "°" «* ^ trans^t^ the troops were laSZtF^r Mirr"*^^*'*^ «W from being four miles dSantw *** ^^^^'^^^ day, two schooners, under /h/^ ^'"S?"- The next Pettigrew, sailed wVa detactL^rn?"^^^ !i««t«°"t commanded by captain '^"^^^t^^^^^i:^^: f V 1 J,. ■■■■ '■i>i •'.,■«. ^"fc '«: t\S»la "'*<*'*»%k« '^^^W ■^ ^ ifi" I a 'i'y'irn' ISO HISTORY OP THE WAR. ^^'^^^t\VS^:I^:,T2f^ stores at the head Partj returned witffi L^^^^^^^ "^m burnt, anJ'thJ the tenth, ^ommoaorTc^^^^.f.^'^rT'^^' <>» bour, for the purpose of Ip«v:^/ ^''®** *^ Sack^tt'a Har- officers, and of bffSngS'!§.,J.« Vended men and spared from that piSef He ^t^r?'!*"'*^* ^ *^0"W ^ second, leaving the Pert and S^p ^f ** **" *'^« *'^«»t7- . the movement! of the ene,n V T^''/™""^»° *« ^*tch arrived safelj at Niaeara ,^Vk x ^""71 afterwards h(^ »nentofartafery,Se'Ti5 ''°'°55 M'Comb's regi! guns. '' ^^^ '"*'°» and an additional number of modore Chauncer hLin-^«i?^^ **® operation. Com- tred the opposiJe^sfe fid^-S^-^^^ i^*^* '«c«nnS. forlandii£rand«t places A number of boats wprTl^f i °. "P®** for the attack. > had been bSldi Jg f^r ?he Ic!.!^'*^ ' '^'*? ««»«"» wh'ch afternoon ; this & o^^^Z'^'"' ^*^'^'»«d in tS opened upon the worlm?n!froi /h»f* *°*'"*^' »/«* ^" purpose nearly opposite Th?.K uP ®''«<^*«d for the nomde from Ae ?orts anH ^*i ^rought on a severe can- »ome hours, and in which thJ a "^^ '"'^^^ «=««tinued fi ?d.vantage.' Fort oj^^e ap'p^aTeTtT^^^^ ";ttry J the guns of the AmEn k ?. "^*'' considerable with «omucf precision. that3,?h„i*"'fJ' Tl^ *"'*''ted were shot awav K k mj- "alyardsof the flajr^taff around the fort%:ere luch^'L^'"^ °/ ^l^'^ de«S^S the American sTdewTslrt'"?"^'^^"* **»« J<«a on boats in the mt^ildl^Jll »°;?°"derable. All Z •t Pour MUe CrTek? i^HI^^^^ l*''%«T'"r «^ tillery was put on board fh a S j" ' ^^"^ dark, the ar. I^dyoftheUke^^ha the Madison, the Oneida, and ««nal was made to wSh , but \nt "* *'*'' «orninft rthat 8'gnalized himself in thSrofh?*' who had so/much , composed of Forsy he's JiSemen a J,?''',^'^'^l:" ' ^"'^ ^a« various infantry regiments^ ?/ ?, ,. l^tachments from ^hichhadinthemefrtfmpho '^"'^'^* near the fort, nour Tompkins. Genera™ Bov!f ,''^^T^ ^y the GoveV: the brigade late V c^mm^nT/^*'' ''''°'" ^^^ assienei the first IinMankedr«-«'^^^^ ^''^'' ^»^»^ pnteers under colSi&&?f'^'T'"''l ^">any "i: "nmediatelj after the aSiahJe SdT^^ ^'^^ ^^ore Winder followed next/at ?he head nr**."**^**' ^^^e^al east and prinludngTisiS 'P"/;^'!!^ "P '^omX the MadisSn and OneidarnnU ^Z"^^".' *he troops from , JWreach shruSfde^ft--^^^^ -nXlLTp^ro^to'^^^^^^^^^ «^fi- hundred an 'ncessant volley of muLetrv 5 !". *^P^'«^ to hundred regulars. ffio^Jd inT ravine'' Tlf'* *^?*^« corps, composed of the flower nf i/? ^^is spirited out faulterfng, and for a f^w mf„^! """^i •"'»^«^ «^with. Ajtheydreifnear SeshS asui^H .'etur^'^gthe fire. lation manifested itself h„Sl V'T'^s'^g degree of emu- dierajmanyTfthem lp«n?„ •*T"°?'' "^^ers and sol- to »«ni. C-ipl'n Snd7an^ '? ^"^ ^f>?' ""^ ^aC cerpf the second artUIe^y Va? ;HT?P''''"'*^>»"g »i^ ^erntory. NosoonertjreX^'^^-tm^^^^^^^^^ .»*J! l^l^',:i-^"^^\*k ' WW 'J'"'«"t'^PH m-^' "'***«*-*«n««aflto/^ IS2 Iff HISTORY OP THE WAk. litfdTe'Tner;^^^^^^^^^^ «ci instanti, the woods forshdtpr I^a fu^ o" action, sdme flyiorte fort The fiJst':t\ri?^^^^^^^^ ^"^iS tte advanced corps and S "HriiS^ '^"''V*'**' '^W'* Bojd vigorousl/attacked ?he ife Vr^'' ^^^^-^^ panick had seized the sarrlnn Jf • u T''® Prevailing resistance. Fort SLgrSThpt-*^^^^^ ^^^^ mencan side, opened afth^Mmi'S'J'*"^^^^^^ «>e A- now being untenable, the BriS fe *"** F'""* <*««T5«» gazines, and retreated wS„?rJn;f5'**'°\*^ *'»«'• ««- 3oned all the works, Sdpurs?3ff*'°"^ '"•^"S »«>«». nel Scott and his HghUrros weS. 5 ''I"* T^"?. Colo- Jhen he was recallfd bSeral K,vL '"^^ '" *^*''' '«*••, die, with his party, not rlceit^^lT''•_^*''*"*^'•"tRM- ene,„y almost to ^?e„Sto"T ^°"°^«« *^»«P8 were of the British fo?t"ficSs on th^'r ^^^°*^'^ the who e sion of the Amer S Xetml'^r r"-* '» P<«ws. such rapidity, that in i short time ^n^K'"* "°'^*^ ^^^ '^th was to 6e seen ; and our triona fc • *'"l''« "»"^« of them under arms, were ?^Zcte„^jy'^^ The loss of the British in th;«?£* *° P?!*"® them far. which the contest Cedfias v^v'"'.r^5**"?/5 the time had one hundred and ei^ht kiirpJ^ considerabfl. They sixty wounded, who fe f intn i„ ' u "^L**"* '•'"^'^"'d and ^stone hundridVnd X^:L.'S"i^ t\'^'i^ m.'Iitia, prisoners. The loss «fX a * "** five hundred niM kilfed, and one hundred •nH^'!?®"'"? '^^ thirty the former, lieutenant HtiartSf^^^^^^^ ?1'*""''**^ *•"*»■« ofthe latter, -iortnfSr&'?X"^^^^ " »s ( « ■ s c 11 1 e . t 1 II to ':>■' P' •i-nl'i mt f' i. y^*U^k^^'M '^' ' -11 '* 1 >r^,^J'>V'\i& HISTORY OF THE WAR. „^ P^JataVatd^V^^ Roach of tte^nk of captain for his^S^;^''.^^ to *nd heatenant Swearinwifrf*!.? •a"*'''" **»' occasion.) -nth, the British iJSm w«"'^%rP*- '^hefortv commander, coloael mS *C3i3 *''!f *'^*'^' *nd S. The action, notwithsfainrn. ""''?* *"^ taken prisoner J««dem;hinf:fct^^^ Bojd'g brigade only hariM?& * advance and part of Rafter tTsurreUeVo^t^fJrt^^^ rough as to render the 8ituaS.n«f*V S® '«« wcame so gfrouB Commodore cl^i^^-^ftj.*^^^^^^ dan! to 'veigh J and according vS* therefore, made siffnal place of safety betwee7^e tt foTts'^hr r^ '^'''^^ %h praise was given boti^ hv ^i! ^^ ^^""^ anchorld. general Wborne, to Lforrp-^ ^* commodore, and co««ands. Scott^Bo/r^e^^^^'^'^f'^'^^^^^ ea ; the commander in rhJif oi R*'^ticular]j mention- »;ich indebted to ^^nemfp:^^^^^^^^ i^i ^ '°*j°'' ^mistead, of the thi.5 / ^® ''^' artillery, and to captain Totten of %ko • regiment artillery demolishLtheet^^^^^ find the first mention of «.« k. *"« .pattenes. We here commandant Ol'^rH?^^^,/ wh„^^^ ''^^teS services on the nicht of th^?* * **?** volunteered his *»i;ed great serviS in ISs«^^^ and h^en! debadcation of the t.^0^ K ofthT"**'"®'** ^^ •ntarpnse was owino- *« Si • j- . ®' the success of thu ofZr, ioaSPng^'t^r^'^^,^^^^^^^ m7«^th1»i8ve«sels,andrendAlj!I*k ■"*"*'' of the ene- eral Dearborne had beLnm^i"*^. ''»*•" untenable. Gen- to command re^arlt'lTu^^r^'T^'i'*® «»°«^^^^^^ Lieutenant Perrj wi/Ci^t"J,i'« ^''i*" ^?»™ '»« bed. Rock, with fifty ien for?i£^ *''* JI'*^ after to Black to Brie as '^nr2^i^l^^?^»yf4i\&^e veMs preparing at that pW «5d wSi?/"™"'^ *« «S"adron ?» ««lj by the ffteeith^of W "j'** "^P««^*^ '^ould t.on. in conjunction wSh hLS ""'»•»««« opera- Afewdays.fterwa..s,,wr:crtainedthattheene- Ml ■ ■*S. '^r--^tK.ii^!i:«; 'vnjirs*''.-^* *»-^ .^- -•■ .-;<■: -«s (S( T T.'^.'SB^jMrss 4*4" :7/l f<' % f84 HISTORYOJ- -KiE WAIL Krh^S^^^^ to the Wr ^eutenant colonel Bishop'C'r^^^ comm^Tf The day after this was eSn V? ^n ® "'* Chippfewa. treated hastilj to thTupZ^'J^^ »"t«h ,gei»e?ll rel tookapositio-'nonthebeK .f /.^*i* <^'»*«rio, and Bay, his force it was sunS ?lL H «^ B.rii Uon njen. General WinSPJjf ' '''^ "ot exceed a thousand arch, the generalZelved ink?*"*!;*" *'»« '^'^ond ^^9 hf been l^infbixS by ^eVj^^^^ Kng«t«n J that his force, S ™«" ^"m wil tia, might amount to fiftS^K. !i"'*'.'"*» "«> « few *ral, in consequenceVthomSf?. ^""!^''*^ •"«» • the genT officer to genel-af DeaSf. for fn" h"."^*. **» »J«»P«tcfan nnder his command nit^ceedinr. *''[''^'«"a» ^rce, that try^ exc usive of the draSs unVj'.'? ''?i'«^' '«*"*»- Towson's artillery. He Kthplil *'°'''."*' Burns, and to Fortjr Mile Creek," herrsSn?""*'".""^ »••« "•'■ch proposed to wait the aS of #ff ' «*»'^ ?«"tion, he "•eat. This, consistinVif Ch^ni *, *JP*<^t«d reinforce- ^me arrived, after a ra^id maJch ,'^!l'''''8*^*' '" » «»«>'* '>emg,the senior officer, assumed tL ^^^^"^ Chandler . On the same day, the uS r ^® command. et caUed Stoney ^riek. Xre th?/''""'"*^*'* *» * ^^' »n the course of the after^o^n «& T^/^^P^^' having ;ance parties of the enrmy ^fch'^'''*^^ ^'th the ad! ' ord?r to secure the baiffi^e'o??h '^®"* ^'"^en in. in conveyed in batteMxlK*h*hi, *''1?J^' '^hiefc^^ i'V.t^'^tler, witht;Fr?e:Sv^^!:^««'»"^^^ and 14th, were detiched, to Xa n/^'"*"*^*^«13th tance of two miles from the »^f;HP!?'*'®" ** the dis- Ia«d which divides tJ^ake fZ rI^'I^* «° *'»« «ecfc of ontlK.road from Fort GeC^l ^v^'l^S***" Bay, and lhed.st»nceofthe main bj^of^th;!?"? '^Wton eij^t miles. ""•' *" "ie Bruish was about x_,:||^l4.f ' )/ , '■ *. : 1 ■*^?^:. «■' .^Sf^wfiW^ ;^-*« y0i to the Betver 8 command of md Chippewa. >h general re* Oniarfn, and of Biirlitigton wJ a thousand » detached bj ' his briffade. » second dajr'g at the enemj. i men from t and a fevr 5n : the gen- (legpatch an al force, that ndred infan- ' Burns, and ed his march position, he u reinforce- Bi in a short *i Chandler ■^ to a rivu. »ed, haviaar th the ad- ' 8n in. in > had been aeis Chris, tsttheisth A the dig. •eneck of Baj, and Kingston. v«8 about wag the ofwiuch ich lower. 'frrwvn-'^ eiSTORY OF- THE WAa ' ;^ one coSpany of the 16;h^n?*l* detachment of the 23<£ short &n^ce o^the lefr^^^ I ^''^^^^ prevent, in case of a nbhS*»i fu **''•'''*'' **C *•»« "'M to which^cimmaLe^S^J*^^^^^^^^^ could with facUH^r u ^*? • ** "* **""« time, they 1^^ > most imf;acS:T he\t e"r^^^^^^^ '^l upon. ^Ihe existeiL:* nf il\al\ t \ therefore, resolved escaped the ^eSon of th« A m? •'"' '°"'*^ "°* ^'^^e thereVoretheEsttvnffL.!'^'"!"^'* generals, and ultipiate characte^Tf 5,e^rl",!"°'* Precaution. To the British wouVbeVth^Laff ^^ capture of the •essary consequencrthe confp J^^ *^^^^ ' *" "■* "*" terminate, for it wSd no lonS hi ^uf ^'J*''*' ^«"»d hjul well nigh proved fruiSi? fu'*'® precaution* f ji um.j f^t^'^'^j^ ■■"■■■■■ • '""■i***iffP( 116 HISTORY 01^ THE War; w of the gfentinels in admt.^ *^««nemjr, who pu^lJeZ^C "of'"*'^ '«^»««ted by ored men, nassed ♦Ko !lu .""'^ of geven or Pio4.r l ^ • been burie'/inXj ^^^Tn^^^^^^^^ *"« 8"»«f 2 hi^e' the ^,th had Iain o^. th^r arm* *h "^P"*'** b^nkT^Ti' ed a hoayy j8r« on the BridirL?^^ 'nstantfy comment fires whchhad ^^WA^li^^^^'^^V'^'^ ^^^^^^ . P'"' J'anded the troops on tJ^^ft^J^*' ^*«der,^wU in a few moments in stationfn II^^*''* '"oa^, succeeded on the edge of the creek rnW'ie greater pirt^rf^^^^^ jomed hit fire witTthat of *k" ^f^.''^ *''« Sery anrf r ^ Ume returned by Se enM ^^ ^*''» which was bJ' f h^- twenty minutes^he firiS'.?°"«^ ^'t'* Jiltre e^Jt In , ^ **^'«n«*«thevhVd bSrf*''^'^<>fth«BriSc-i . Jll """-y ''"' retired, oiJ mi._, .'? "" "ncertai, ^rt a •z'"!^'' "'«• "-"Coa.',?"!' p-i'"- of s: part Of the Amencans, was nl/n !!li * ™® ^'^S on tha rangements were rapidly mJe7n '*'*':*'* *« ceSe. aJ! «>on,ent some shots in tie rear of *r'^' ^^''^- At ^ feneral, who was apprehens^vt tjL"'* *™^ »nd«ced the be made in that quarter fi?nIJ ** *" »**ack might also face .bout, and t?!!; such^ So^" '*'"'^*. '^^^^niu torepel it. whether made VnCk n * '* ^*>»'<» enable him ral Cliandler was direcdng theJl „?' '''''' Whilst genS Jw horse fell under him .|f/i!. °'°^e™ent8 on the 5iAt tte fall which had stSLl'dtm Tb°-^** ^^'"^"^^^^^^^^ ^ A- wl Winder had met from tlmi#^; '^''*'^« •>«•«><» «ene, communicate informat S" aid „^*""*' *« "ceivfand time, favoured by the exMssfv-V'f*"'- '« tbe mean- H^^y^' •*": !'-'•'« ^^i9?-r"^' ; ''•joneted by > or eight hun. afd must have Jred bv them. % And which a tremendous 't the Ameri- *w paces from e Americing, bank, and as tfy commenc- ealed by the y«nder, who a, succeeded part of them iTtillerjr, and was by this ^e effect. In orieish ceas- passing the 3 uncertain >ver of the >ng on the ease. Ar- 1- At this iduced the ■night also Siments te in&ble him liilst ^ene- the right, what from ^ > walk to- ind gene- :eive and e mean- bad been ' the road tillerists, moment I'i. HKTORY OF THE WAR. i„ and Wd, weiJltgT^- .'J^te.^^^^^^^ and mnety^bur missiW lCLWtf.« t ^»*^*°*' ^^dUXcl^^and"^^^^^^^^^^ Had the enemy SlnljS^duSvP™'**^ *«• doiibt tliej woJld have fan.; ; J. P"'"'!'*' ?*« *» ««le - Burn, on i consultat*^ with thi !"«'"' ''*°^ .*^«'°°«' * fnident to fall back Wfw- mi ?.'*".' J"'**^ »* «o«t «ned by coloiel MiSL. ^ ^''* ^"^>' ^'>«''« he was ^: ss? rr^"* the^^Sanif r ^ * ^* .4 ' '•^ ^\' *.»;j ) . ,*• r;iUi4r.' "."w; ue :^'f HISTORY OP THE WAR. •f? TTAlf. «eem to give it the aDDMr«n r ^ ' they were certainiy&'=* wC°"^' *»»* « the «ct.o» ject, however, was efeoL^ k ^'^^ S'^^** 'om. Thelr^ Jam«»B n„ "i '*^" **'*« ordered f«.. *k ^ °*"»rcthe well knp^^k ■ *' *° attack Sackeni H L °*« ^^ o«r -P-- « ^-."S^i-^fe-aSS Pr '•*>h^-ltfe.(¥4f'*'"" ^>--- ^^•■^ll»P^^S«3^f- VAJt. f'l ••■\ ^tffiTa ■*f 'X'y' ^ r botintheictioa low. Their ofc. k, though actio rhs credJtrof el Harrej, who I omcer. obtain infi>rnj»- missiontoburv ". general Vin- ;erto8irJameg sncans. On the , ared abreast of snore. He at- »f <^ 'o a iarge ner and Tow. B) and opened ohatiloffw A ^ofthemoun. Jant EJdrige, ", before fte purpose. jSi^ > usual storr »>'efl;ularg ap' »»a could be ;ceived from wtGeoi^j lB»«e wer« Jd scho(»aer, i)ke ua iti ^ march ^ ^y laditng, "ttheBrit- i;b cost him •« of it, w, >ce of our jr. IW U wag the M>tb those collec t^ HISTORY OF THE WAR. 1^ the Genera Pike was nn ♦kI I vessels. The new sh p, launched,and the nriJtThir. *****''''' "earljr ready to be No time 'Z to nSt fn l?'"-*'''''*^ '"*''« '^*^»'"'! Portant enterprise Sir ft*"^"^'"*** ^'^^'^t ^^is in.- thousand pickS m;n aL T«t ?'^^«»t^8elected « modore Chauncr/arriv/rat i.?* ®'^'"^ ^'^^ ^°'»- |hewed himself off /hlkk^ Niagara, when sir James smaler vessels ThL»^ ff ' . "^ ^^'''a. and some cey,Ieft?ot^e*nofente^^^ aquadron, Sn the twenty g*pn*T' T^^^ harbour,.firing guns of S Tl?- '"''•^'^"'^ *° *»•« fol owed bv the al«..!L . ^*"* ^'^^ immediately miiitia,ln^toVv"nl?:.rL*ch%''^^^^ '^'"'^ '" «^« near enough to hear them i • * ^^S^^'^ as might be of the dragons had Kp!n"i .^•^"'enant colonel bwku^ dence eight miles off wA ."? ^*'^ «* his resi- ««nd,al1houghh^sfcdeo?mS'l !? ^'^^'^ ^''^ «=«">- homes, their term of s"?tice h«^ i ^""^ ?*""^*' *« ^''eir rt^lar force consisted of ^^^^r^ *'P"'?*'- '^'»»« ^bolc niSg's artillery, a3tlhtd.T'°^r"**^"""' ^an- 5«« in the whole five hundred ml . *°^* 'd«' "<>* exceed- -ifc* Albany volunteer a^fn T ' *°^.f ?'"uel Mills, with *bo«tfiyebu„J^3to7e Onr? ""';*'"^ »« ^""W to »/ "-as seen at the S^st^ce of^hiTI?*^ ' l^''*^' *« «^°e- ed to be standing for th^h?rK "V^""* ""'««' and seem- ««banres wScryeredcl?''' '^h." a fleet of Ameri- troonaTom Oswe^ 'rh'^STo^n^ ^°''*'' ^'''°*' ^'^'^ tef««. and they succeeded t^ttrn? ZV^'^'i "•■n ; and takinff it ft»r o,..r^* j ~""'ng off twelve of ««W, they stood^off ailtS .''' '^''^ l^''^ *«'^« "any <»Ptine Sem In *k * ^'^y* ^'th a view of inter- SWjoTcipiS/ii^^'S^^^ general Brown ™ ^ * ^^ "**^S arrangements for the de^ n-», ..V Hi #•4,, -ica;::?;:tr»3-i .1 .' I>' I«> nmoUY OF THE WAH. fence of the irface. m »m l .^ »«nt. But • .1-11 '""*^'* fc« tain M*Nitt, about Bnjsh, and in hi's Twn wo?ds '«'??'**' ^'"' ««''^SJ Finding that there was now litl fc^l'"'?* executjon." «nemy,80 8uperiourinforce ««S ^ ^^ "PeJttngthi ground, he resorted to a rgl^?'* ^"""^ ««'neS gaK P^rt of the militia. nowThfmS'%'^ Acon«S35 -llected near tbe^ceiVa'St l^^gM^S :^«»»'swirtBs, ^'-i^'^^^l WAH. »^red Bioch iud». ><* ad/acent to £ ounded by woodf. ' and breut-wiirk ia placed behind e landed, and to '"> the artillert. ry* were statioa. nd publick bnild- oats, which were person, a well them, compelled "ere seen to fall. D loading a se* »«nj wbensud- d the militia,* 'nivest men in. the trst time j D vain attempl- f colonel Milli, IS horse. The 0) and having ere for a mo- >artrofinfa^ [Jted dragoona lied, bjrnuin. wenced, wtth ackas, which ! hooses and f the £nem«; y Wounded. lirown sue- I*Nitt, about e rear of the execatlon." «pelUiigt|M >«nt gauMig onsiderafait «»»ck^.hai mSTOKY OP THE WAR. ' ,4, |^to5rtu\i,re'rfd bX^""^ ^''-^^ «>• Prtvost, beliering that ^1?^. J * ""f^J"* Sir Aorge ordered a retrea * which b^ca* A" *'*'*"*- *** *»« «"* «^ the boats, leaving allhiswoSp/ P"*^?'**** flight S wners. * "" "'^ 'mounded and a number of prf. obs^nttTfl^rtrl'tf J: ^"•'^''- ^•'» »>-» «4ingl V inw. white lieaS FaS^n^'ir"!*** ^«"» thCTX •tC still directed ornoflerf;;?""**!.."*"*^'^ ^o-^^. Jerj. Caiitain Gray,^a valuabi/R '^«''[* piece of artU- jccomplisfed genUeman wm iL? ^*'*^ ^^"r ""d an drummer, who snatchTuDT^uil''^ ^^ *•"•*" W, a he was advancing at the he-d "f - 1 * ^^'^ ** '"'"»*•' the barracks, f his ^r wh/ ' *=°^''""»' to storm one of fenced him in his kftch/n TnH nn?. " ^-^erican, had had returned home "h- ?' °" "^^ ^»'* hreakine out ter while in hiSlaTt 'agoniesYnK^^ISl^'^ tormerVas: him. Captain GrajSro* U ^^*^ l*'*' ''^ had shot ' . nobleness*^ of floul,^of S w* fr^? f^' «"«^ ^th a amples on the par^ of Br^in 1 """^ ^^ •*"' *«<> ^^^ ex- hui watch and p^senteditS him wift """'^ '^'^ ^It brave iKtIe fellow, vou hill J ' n *'*®«« ^ords, «« mv to read such tr^te ^eveib «nT ''^"- '* » d«''^^? deserved his enclS j? J^s^c.^r-^''*'^*'- *»•« ^OJ settled by casuists. "* '^'™®» " * matter to be caM^^^^^^^ communi, defeated, he immediatelTacTjrdin! r*" 'i°°P« ''*** heea jeeeived, set fire to Se pubi?^ «?«*" "ir*^^^^^ fife was not extinguished untirnnT ^T'^" ^ -"d thJ .' keen done. Theloss of fh? i *'°?"<*«"«^'e damage bad «ne colonel of voljfteerl 5 ^T«"cans,Ta thi« aSr w» teer killed ; one i*SitroL^^^^^ -^^C. one ensign of the re«ilarL «l?i ' *'*^** ^'eutenants and -rissjoniS officer^ «XeSia« Ir!?^'"'''* men, cIS? "htaiogj the loss of theSemv?^""**?!.*"** twentj-S officers, two captains. anlP^LS'**'"'*!*' *<» three W ^«5i ,«pon the^SMV-Two !.^f ^"^ ;"** fi*« fo-n* fl 'X ,.^ J>*l«i)i*SsLiJ^fcS*i3^*feMj fflssiffii-^iiasai"- ' -'"^ .-*, • >f ',. (> t » l-J h'-'^'kaKT 142 ri ') { r ': r HISTORY OF THE WA«. i; rj quarter. rapidlj arnving from eve- ces 5^1,1,*"4tJl„*^* Ki^f 'V"''* satisfactory asauran. Droclam«Kn« ^^"7.*° *^>ng8ton, he issued a vauntinir to retr?:t he c^-ld nS;'r renTtoX ^^jt'^^J received and deserved «nni«„oi?".^- ^^"e™' B'own occasion, which l^dfhl^^'!.^'' '".* *^°'*"'=t «» this, celebrity. "*'' «'""'*'* "^""'^ ^^ »»« miUUry Bd^-UKY *^*'' *i'' '"'"''' comroodere Chauncey return Tefi ed'K*r *!'«*l"f''«?d him foran^ctiv^omS •Hl"»2**i . of June, lieutenant Chaunc.y havimr been lie «D?ured r. f^^'i^'^''' *^'« "^'^'^ ^^ Lad^of th! lAke, captured the Lady Murray, with some officire artd privates, besides a quantity of railitarv stores Akw G 'rated afthpTrTi? ^*?°'* *'**'"• ^he British, exasr fl„ u- •'^l"*PP*'°*™«nt» »et fire to all the valoal ^?^*ihf^^^^*- HISTORY OP THE tfJftB? 143 Ihemilitia. This maraudinsr tjineillfinn kS'^ * * of retaliation to ^over it *^ ^ •*'** "" P*^**"* Senced a severe reverse' Ad^i h °"f "T? ««•!" «pe- out for the pu^OTM «f H^iiS *'^'"*"* *"** '^«" "'"''ered Jem and the point to which thej were ^.ir^^ t^^^^^ d^^w attacked them trom tLJ^^iS^oS^. 2^ hjcut*intfhiswavihmrk*kL u °« "-emained biit upon th2*enl?f h W 2^'* "* P™P"**** » '^''•'^ge wader i on^iiiif!*- "^f". *»*»«« swmmoned to sup. to^^bilate^i !h*" ***** hboffic^m, it was aXa fjjerM wipche8ter.>d which were but littie better re- «infi^'"^.^n?j'liJ'»^^^^^ AoujiicancamD GenJ»fvr^^P**"'^» inrerted the n v*3 i"- »i' t%!^. *Jlr'i ^tS agBg^te^a ^ m' ina ^:M (.,.• r. i 144 H*IW)RY OF THE WAR. f / {ii ^ -.^ acdeikd to Kinggtoii j but on the way a number eliected their escape. During the remainder of this and the suecee^iiie lionths, a war of post was kept up between the twoar- mies. On the 8th of July, a severe skirmish was broaeht on, in which nearly the whole force on either side was ^igaged, without any thing of moment resulting from it. An incident, however, occurred, which served to eJtes- Derate the Americans to a higher degree than any thine during the war in this quarter. Lieutenant Eldndge,! gallant and accomplished youth, was drawn by his im- petftosity too far, with about thirty men, and was sur- rounded by Britidh and Indians. The greater part re- sisted until they were killed ; but lieutenant Eldridge and ten others, were taken prisoners, and never after- lyards heard of. ThelMiies of the slain were treated in the most shocking manner by the Indians : their heart* were taki^n out and actuafly eaten by those monsters, the aHies of a christian King ! General Boyd, considerine tte forbearance hitherto practised in declining the aid of Indian allies, as no longer justifiable, accepted the servi- ^$69 of the Seneca nation, having about four hundred . Warriours, under Young Cornplanter, or Henry O. Beats an Indian, educated at oneofour colleges, but who on his return had resumed the blanket. It was, however, Miitively stipulated, that tiie unresisting and defencelesa should not be hurt, and that no scalps should be taken i from this they never deviated during the war j but thd circumstance of having Indians on our side, it waft thought, might operate on the minds of the British. On the 1 1th of July, a force of two hundred of the ene- my crossed the Niagara, and attacked Black Rock ; tiie mihtia stationed there, at first fled, but soon returned wifli a force of regulars and Indians, and compelled them j^u*^ '"^ *^'*» 'eafing nine of their men killed, *°S ^ commander, colonel Bishop, mortally wounded^ On the 28th of Julv, a second expedition was under- taken against York. Three hundred in«n, under colonel Scott, embarked in commodore Chauncey»a fleet, and ' Mddenly landing at that place, drove the enemy; dea- 'i ',♦>■ ^ M '^Jr^|telifii#^teS,.'EaA1fe-. ,vcji(i£ jJil^^t.S.ti^'' tj»»aft&ff''iif4Jm 'f jf number eflfected IC." mSTORf OF THE WAR. ,^ Harbour, witb a tSi^ ^ ' *°^ --^turned to Sackett». t«^«f devii'tktT^^^^ time narsuin. the ly.. recounted hfihc „ert^n7 sea^ar^, whicK wil/be «ll«aged In lay Sk 5mL StP*5' T'''* ^^^ ?e same time both gides. Sn thi^ Uki inTV'**'?"-^"* °« f««t bj but that o'f the VuiXtl,'^:^:^^^^^ f ^''^ ^^'^'"^ «U8 thao that of the enem/ Thill i . '*^* prosper- on this lake, consisterf Xf ^''® ^hole American force, Wts, and tUThle.^; fhte^^ iTilT'^ lieutenant Sidney Smith In ♦K • • *'*l^'®' ""**«r schooners were Stacked near t p„?""'°» **? J"'^' ^^e into the St. Lawrence and Ilta^ ^'■*°''* '''^ tb'» 'ake three houre, aaJst a J^rt-„r^*^ *l* "'*'"* resistance of «d to surrSdT The bJSK-"'''^"''"' ^«''« ^""U**"- lake,cruisedaTo„gTte boSe J ^mL""^ '^*«'*« »^''« and committing fnln v Hpnlw f- "^ '" T*^ the inhabitante.^ OMLfc fi T%? .'^^'^ P'-^P^^y of dred men Hndk at PlatLhu/; I *'^'^"'^» '^«*^« ""n- Drooerfv TkI *^*'^'^'«<' <>*» great quantit es of orivftte profjerty. ihe same ^ou traces wpri /.«.-„ -lij ^ 7^ wards at KwantiM :„ Vu^ f . ^.'^"'""•'tted after- «ce lent saiTor, and commodore Chaincev^rl^ f*S* ^equaUin pomt of strength, to his antiSt S?rl ""^^ ^ though somewhat inferfoa; in force, had the adSni"*"' « luiportant particular, his^ships ^Jfed ttt inXC t •¥. ^^^^}i^mJii'^:M^'^A^i ' -ii, 6 HISTORY OF THE WAR. rnn, and he could therelSre avoid or come to an engage* ment wlien he should think profker. But it being a mat- ter all itnportant for the British, to prevent the Ameri- cans from becoming masters of the lake, Sir James pru- dently avoided a general action, and on all occasions ex- erted his utmost skill, with this intention. Un the con- trary, to brin^ him to action, was the utmost wish of commodore Cnauncey ; and the manoeuvnes on either side, are said to be amongst the most skilful known in the history of naval tacticks. On the 7th of August, they came tn sight of each other, the fleets about equal force. Commodore Chauncey manoeuvred to gain the wind. Having passed the leeward of the enemy's line, and being abreast of his van ship, the Wolf, he fired a few guns to . ascerjwin whether \\e c^d reach the hostile fleet. The' shot falling short, be w^, and hauled upon a wind to the starboard tack ; the rear of the commodore's schooners being six miles astern. Sir James wore also, add hauled upon a wind on the same tack, but observing that the American fleet would be able to weather him in the next tack, he tacked again arid made all sail to the northward. Commodore Chauncey pursued him. The chase was continued until night, but the schooners not being able to keep up, a signal was made to give up the pursuit, our force in close order. 'Ihe wind now blew heavy, and at niidniulit, two of the schooners, the Scourge and the Hamilton, were found to have overset in the squall. Lieutenants Winter and Osgood, two valuable ofllcers, were lost, a»id only sixteen men of the crew saved. The next morning the enemy, discoverins this loss, appeared to be disposed to engage, and seemed to bear off tor that purpose, having now the superiority. Two schooners were ordered to move up and engagehim,but when with- in a mile and a half, he attempted tu cut them off, in which he failed ; he then hauled his wind and hove to. A squall coiiiiu^ on, and commodore Chauncey being ap- prehensive of separating from his dull sailing schooners, ran in towards Niagara and anchored. Here he receiv- ed on board, from Fort Georgr, one hundred and fifty uieu to act as marines, and distributed them through bis ^i^?»r'Vfe,:'LK ^jg,iiiig^-ga.^»». /#f^ K. ! to an enj|;age« it being ainat- !nt the Ameri- Sir James pru- II occasions ex- . Un the con- utmost wish of vnes on either il known in the f August, they ut equal force. ;ain the wind, line, and being 1 a few guns to I ile fleet. Thei n a wind to the re's schooners so, add hauled rving that the im in the next the northward, he chase was otbeingableto he pursuit, our heavy, and at :ouree and the n the squall, luable oflKcerSy w saved. The loss, appeared ear off for that 'wo schooners but when with- m off, in which hove to. A cey being ap- ing schooners, ere he receiv- idred and fifty \m through his '*l -;:7 V'.r>:fe^^c4'^# wi HBTOBV OF THB WAR, | j^^ w«ather line bore off ani n ^\ ^"H P*** «'«^e«» the *e Growler and Julia Iffi ^ ^^ ''*''«'-'^' "^«Pt - southward, and biiuffht S. £ T? «^t«'-t««ked to tfie the remainder of the Amit ^'T\ **^^"'««« ^^^^ '^ndl •way to enwL thpp .^« !*" ****' ^''•'^ then edgeT lea/him frSThe^o/ehoU™'"''?- ^'*^'^"*-S^' «"^'° » few shot with the Am»r: "• ^'f ''*"•«» exchanged sued th^G^oter and jX^^^^^ tween them, which conin^'w ^fi"ng commenced be- morning of the tenth A^ """^ ***''*'*''' '"the ««ainst*this stpeHo^r fo^^^^^^ "•«!« were compelled to vield • Si. i "^.^ ??® ''^^ vessels have been wnLera^bTv i'nitpi^^^^^^^ '^'^ 'i ««'d to ;^«ble,but shewed no dirosifi'on L^' °"' '^^^ ^^ ^" Commodore ChaunceysooKr *^ '^*"?* *° ^^tion. Harbour. A victory^rthis Iffli'!!*''*"",***" S^^l'ett's James Yeo, his sStionit,^^^^^^ ^y ^^ did, for he was ct»mpeUed to keeS uf «n ™ *** ''^^ ^*"- being w IlJnic to enffa»/»h« A P "P *° appearance of 1.1. t. c„. off .„ dull «iiiSg asi ia s:- •" ^ -flS^ \ij. ^■ =te ;-^- .. ^ ■>* »■ 'V " V- ''i * • i^S 1 '&., '•f-^Tt^^, W.' r- ^I'V^n^^Lfr*^"-^!^^ wr '^ i: ^ ' *»': 14S ftlSTORY OP THE WAR. ■ 4v .' #1 CHAT»TER Vlli. ^w on the coast-Exploits of Cockborn— Plandef ing'snd bariv ingof Haver-de-Grace-Burning of Georgetown and Frederick- town— Arrival of admiral Warren and Sir Sidney Beckwith— Southern cities, threatened— Attack on Craney Island— Bno#. mities at Hampton— Cockbum plunders the Coast of North Carolina— Blockade of the American squadron at New Lohdo«9, by commodore Hardy— The Torpedo System. I' JjuRiNo the first year of the war, Great Britain being deeplj eneiaged in the important trinsactions then go- iHjg on in Europe, ^fid Kttle time to attend to the war With thiis couptrj ; not one of our ports could be said to nave been in a ftate of actual blockade. The forces which she could spare, were sent to Canada. The change in,the face of things in Europe, gave her a greater disposable force, and more leisure, while our unparalleled victories on the ocean, awaken^ her at- tention, and kindled a desire for revenge. Long before springj it was known that a British squadron had arrived at Bermuda, with a botljr of troops on board, and well supplied with bombs and rockets, for the purpose of at- tacking some of our most exposed southern cities. ' For the i nvidious distinction was made between the north andttoudi, from a belief, that the northern states were not merelj unfriendly to the war, but were strongly in- ' dined to secede from tiie Union, and return to their for- mer allegiance to the king of England. We are now about to enter upon a species of hostili- ties, entirely new among civilized people. The scenes which we must pass in review, can scarcely be spoken of with moderation. They are compounded of the avari- cious and plundering barbarity, which characterizes the pirates of the Mediterranean, and of the savage ferocity of the scenes which disgraced tbe River Raisin. What- ever bay b^ the reputations of the chief actors in Kng- M^ ^$^^X X^Me 4,-ftj.^ kfcj HISTOHY OF THE WAR. j^g ?M^ - th«- conn. 5enorn,|t,e8,from which the ho^o«"S '" ^^^ P«r *™«on HTd, instinctive horrour. The S^^ woald shrink ships and other enormities durin J?i'*''^°". *^f *••« Prison- «;hen England chose to rJLJu?!;*"^'""^^ ttegenerositjrand wisdom of EnL;^*"**S"' «°^ ^''•ch from our minds, was renewL 2?S^ 1,°"8^*..**' ''*^e »^ept . tjon,no«. that tie erosrtrr^iSL-'T'^^^^^ JMt has been her intention to*S«„* ?°"''*f *'''»'to'^ ^ **>• hearts ofapeopIe:deTti'^/Jr*"?t«'-naI hatred ia ?o»ne nailiierousandS^^^^^^ day tobe- .. » «; ^proper means^TltavS^t .r**^"'^^^^^^^^ passed overlightiy,beca°^t^».'*'''*®*'''"g»8houldbe sertion of truth, just?crJ^l.^i!;*';^.*°J ».' «^<»«W be a de- ted cnmes, anJsiniing at oTcleve/v^Hl'!-'^ ^""'P''^^- infamj and virtue. i '^^ distinction bptween edj and,from the examX We haJ «- "^T*'^ »ttack- , »t wife not impossible tW#£. *^*." ** ^^PPenhagen, and perlmps^eCed totl^^J^^°"W .^f,*""^ injufed <|. ?•""?« ^'ere stationK^iffLn^*'^ bodies of r^ular r boanl. to form the «lir^«3 .«*" "'?? *^«a- ' mightbecailledoutasSKhnnL"'^ '?"*'^*' ^hich , .' of marines and seamtin S • "'^^ ^^^""•« • anumber which did notputt?sette"eS^^^^ P"'^"'^'^ vesseJ. Jervice. *^ ^*« ^*'^* "so to cooperate in this ■'i^!rt ifn/'tfe •«'"'^">««*«i^ti.g of Pi /• • ft'. ■ ■ - H' - iff "I^ ■^ , 4# r i« a ,»f ...1 -r^ '/f ^^f SJtV ^'i* * 150 HISTORF OF TtlE WA*. the upper part of the state. No attempt, however, was ijade upon the town, the enemy contenting himself with destroying the smaller vessels employed in the naviga- tion of the Bay, and effectively blockading its wafers. About the same time, another squadron under the com- mand of comniodore Beresford, appeared in the Dela- ware, consistiiil of the Poictiers, the Belvidera, and some other vessels, which in the same manner destroyed a number of small trading vessels, and attempted several times to land some of their men, who were as often re- pulsed by the militia, hastil/ collected. On the tenth of Apnl, Sir John Beresford made a demand on th# people of the village of Lewistown, for a supply of proviMons. which was spiritedly refused by colonel Davis, com mand-. ing at that place. Captain Byron, of the Belvidera, was ordered to move near the village and bombard it, until the demand should be complied with. This was obeyed, but without effect ; after a cannonade of twenty hours, they were unable to make any impression on the pface. Tli^if fire had been returned from some batteries, hastily thrown up on the bank, With considerable effect. On the tenth of^iay, the s&me sc^uadron sent out their barges in the neighbourhood of Lewistown, to procure water. Ma- jpr George Hunter was detached by colonel Davis, with one hundred and fifty men, to oppose their landing, which the major did with so much gallantry, that he compelled thereto hasten to their shipping. The squadron soon alter returned to Bermuda, where Sir J. Borlace Warren who commanded on this station, was engaged in fittiiur •ut a more considerable armament, for tlie attack of our seacoast during the summer. Soon after tiie departure of the squadron, the Spartan, and some other frigates, entered the Delaware. One of- their vessels, the Martin, was discovered on the 29th of Juhr, slightly grounded on the outer edge of Crow's shoals. A detachment of the gun boat flotilla immediately moved, and anchoiiog in line about thrJe quarters of a mile from the sloop, opened a destructive fire upon her. The Ju- non frigate soon after came off to her relief j a cannonade waskeptupdunng^an hour between the gunboaU and A ■*Se ^ pilCin« house, to repel these miseraui " ^ ^^^ *' «ach K «»«« J jet, in several in^K cJcth.^'^S'^'^^f "' '"^ were stationed atiXtl™i.l? f ^^f'-J. wh ch out at a moment's vvarninV ?„rfh^* *''«>•«» tU drawa S^ff/_^-'t,ofmtilt^^^^^^^^^ guard, "r : , ii^ -i iK&ip^iffi^; -'Tmje^sm Sir, /A) ■1 //' 'h £* iUM. i'*|L H"^> 1^ P BK w HPvi fe IkVi tl* ^HHIlB jn hi« 5?) ^1 ""'^Vfv'Si,' 15£ HISTORY OP THB WAR. obtained, tlockburn now resolved to andertake something of a more bold and aidventurous character, in which bis thirst for plunder, and his love of ifnischief, might be gra- tified in a higher degree. He therefore directed his at- tention to the unprotected villages and hamlets along th» bay ; carefully avoiding the larger towns, the plundering of wlKch might be attended with some danger. The firsi of these exploits was against the village of Frenchtown^ containing six dwelling houses, two large store hoiiseSf and several stables, ft is important, however, as a place a considerable amount. He accordingly set out on this expedition, from his ship the Marlborough, in barges, with five hundred marines ; a sufficient number to have carried the town on their backs. Some shew of resis- tance was made by a small party of militia collected from Elkton, but which moved on as the admiral approached. The storehouses were destroyed, together with the goods Ihey were unable to carry oft', to an immense amount. Amongst other objects of wanton destruction, was an elegant drop-curtain, intended for the theatres of the cities before mentioned. The brand was applied to s<)^e efthe private dwelling houses, and to several vessely lying at the v^harf ; alter achieving this glorioles victoi'T, the admiral, fearing the approach of the militia^ hastigr retired to his ship. The next exploit of the admiral, was of still greater importance. The town of Havre-de-Grace is situated on the Susquehanna, about two miles from the head of the Bay, and is a neat v^lla^e, containing twenty or thir- ty houses. An attack 90 this place was the next object which entered into the '^n of the admiral's operations! Accor^ngly, on the third of May, before day -light, hit approach was announced by a few cannon shot, an^ the firing of rockets. I'he inhabitants, roused from their sleep, leaped up in the greatest consternation, and^the more courageous repaired to the beach, where a few small pieces of artillery had been planted on a kind of battery Hi >^ m w 3^ i r4 ,> J < h c P U \n be 31 «all!l!*fc ^^Smimr ^^tm)*i^T ce something in which hit night be gra> e$ted his at- eta alonj; th« r. The firai Prenchtown^ tore hoiisest r, as a place from rhiia- lurn rightly property to out on this , in barges, berto have' ew of r^sis* llectedfrom approached, th the goods ise ainount. ion. ivas an atres of\ the led to 8^e M-al vessel^ ids victory, itia, hastily till greiiitelr is situated he head of nty or thir- lext object operatiunsj^ )r -light, hit jt, an^ the from their I, anditthe a few small of battery »ri' :i^H:..-^ y-'r^- 'M- '<' History op the wak. mi i:> > i% 1 H"? '$ U" ■;f,. 1^ With the e^xieptioo ofmZ%Jtl^Z ^*j"«f ^'"^ «^t»» name of O'Neill, they all fl.rfV^ *''* P'^^fi, of the b«r?*s, abandoning the vi h.1 * *1 *'''' «PP'^c»> of the O^^eill alone cSeJ &^,*''« ^^f^Jof Cockburn! Wiery, and firing it hims-lf n^S ^l °***'?i? * P'««=« ^f'^- f!" *high and wounded him « ' ""^ -^^^Tng' it ran over himseff with a musket anTu *''*"''^- "« *»•«•» armed retreating fight wUh/h/. J ""?'"« *^V' »*«" kiipt Tn a who had?vE Ir 1^*7"^^ ^«'"'»° of thejKtifh ^ *e^ptedinviintoralJy "^ "* comrades, whom he at- jelves about destroying the nr?vat«A5"!r'^"J^ ««* ^^m- ^ thT^ their contents. ^KrlVr?/''P«»' ^n^ P'un- then amused themselves wJffc^^***'' their avarice, tber and wanton mischi r T^ hTns7/r '« ^ '''»'-''«^^^^ they cut open the beds of thfinh,h? r°8 ""^^ "« fii*. feathers to increase the flarn^ w"**' *"** *'''«7 •'» the fled shrieking in every dJreS *""*!? "«* <=^ildren solence oftht British seaman !i **" ^^^'d the brutal in- f "d they find a prolrcCai'Sl Z""^'^ •''*' "« ^^^^^ . f 'f «'e8 were torWrom S bSL'''^*!, «r*S^8. Their selves at every momenUn'danle'; i?K ^^'^ ^'^^ *'»«'»- f*ot on women and children aS ^''*"'^ massacred, committed J the stage ho^eg icent/f ^''^ "**«« ^"trage. ^ Saimed, and th? stages brSnL^'-P'*^^ were cruel- ed that their character^shouhl n ^. P'««<^8. Determin- wo„. ti«n Vandals, select^'JXn' '**»"ri'^' *»^«^ barbaroiis venireancp « n«a* , , "^^^t objed of their ^ted to the wS^'of ?he 1 Imh?*'^"*J^" '^ pains defaced its doSrs am? ^-J^^^^' *°«* with unusual \ remained andemoShed 1 i"''''^"- ^"^ building yet \to commodore KSA\Zr!l'"* *''^«"«g beoS/n^ ^»ales of the tSwn ha^ to^en ' > •»«»* ^es^ctable^fe? »<» -V ft. ;'?4.\ ^.-^.. »/<< ^^ ^1 st??r ' ^'ife'^"V''''''^''\' -v-v-^-'^*^?*^',''';: ^°^^^^^^^^^iHH HISTORY OF THE WAR. ^+-. f'>. > u IM «er to whom the task of conflagration had been assignetL already held the torch, when with much solicitation hi consented to w^tt a few moments, until an appeal to the admiral could be made. It proved successful, and it is mentioned to his praise, tliat ne only refrained on one oc- casion from doinK that which wouldf have been the climax of brutality. There being no further miBchieffor them to perpetrate in the village, they divided their force into three parts, and while one remained to keep watch, the others proceeded to lay waste the adjacent country. One party followed the road towards Baltimore for several miles, plundering the farm-houses, and robbing the tra- vellers on the road of their clothes and money ; the other proceeded up the river, committing similar outrages. It were endless to enumerate the acts of base and wanton injury, inflicted by this party, during the short time which tiiey remained, bn the sixth, to the great satisfaction of the inhabitants, these savages, than whom those of ^he west were not worse, returned to their flett. O'Neill, -who had been taken prisoner, was carried with them and detained several days, at the end of which time in%t thought proper to release him. The inhabitants of thcV village, many of whom were almost ruined, threw them- selves on the humanity of their fellow-citizens of Balti- more, who generously contributed to their relief, and they were soon after enabled to commence the rebuild- ili^of their houses. lEIated with the profitable issue of this descent, in which so rich a booty was obtained with so little danger, the enemy was eager for some other enterprise equally honourable to the British arms. The admiral hacl cast bis eye upon two beautiful villages, situated on the river Sassafras, which empties itself into the bay j George-town and Frederick-town, situated opposite each other, one in Kent, the other in Cecil county. His hired agents, for miscreants may be found in every country for soch pur- poses, had informed him, tliat here he might glut his crew with plunder. (»n the sixth, placing himself at the head •f six hundred men, in eighteen barges, he ascended the Qveri and proceeded towftrdt Frederick-town. Colonel hi If • , ) J ' f I' SSrflSSfefc,. ^(IWWWTr!- fc~<:.3E:j' • „ m *>■■?'<:} ■ BBTORr OF THE WAR. >; s?iL-:i:;- :?« -te'ar ate t^ Hamptoo Roads, nTi^Tth J" ^''^•"J^ ^ad arriJSia 2fth nver, which coram^^^^ *«*^'> 8'Je of Ej.rf [ m:i^^ ^m-A^ .mtdtammniam.^... I " !, t. r J I* (i. -■^y' ?v. ■■-■fU - 190 HI8T(JRY OF THB WAR; been already collected. The gun-boat flotilla was order* ed in the mean while to descend the river, and enean the foremost of the enemy's frigates. Captain TarbeTl, hy whom it was commanded, proceeded in two divisions! the first commanded by lieutenant Gardner, and the other by lieutenant Henley. On the twentieth, having brought his gun-boats into a favourable position, he opened a rapid fire upon the Junon frigate, at the distance of^ half a mile. This was returned, and continued fOf^ lialf an hour, apparently to the great injury of the frigilte. the gun-boats suffering but little. Another vessel, which Jtroved to he a raxee^ was seen coming to her assistance ) he fire ofthe Junon for a shot time appeared to have been silenced ; but on the arrival of her consort, and ad- ditional frigates, she againyopened. ( 'aptain Tarbell now thought proper to retire. \^he Junon wai^ much shatter- ed ; and her logs, considering the great disparity offeree, is thought to have been considerable. A formidable attack on Norfolk was resolved upon by the British ; preparatory to^this, it would be necessary to subdue the forts by which it was protected. I'he near- est obstruction to the enemy's advances, was Crany Island ; and in the course of the day, thev dropped to the - mouth of James' UiVer. ("aptain Tarbell gave orders tf^ lieutenants Neal, Shubrick and Saunders, of the-frigat^ '" . Constellation, to land with a hundred seamen on the island, for the purpose of manning a battery on the N. W. side, while he stationed the gun-ooats in such a manner as to enable him to annoy the enemy from the opposite side, Un the twenty-second, at day light, tiiey were ^Hscovered approaching round the<; point of Nansimpnd , river, with about four tnousund ipen, a great propoftioH * of whom^ it was afterwards ascertained, were wretched French troops, who had been taken prisoners in Spain) and induceu to enter into the British service, under pf-omise of being penuitted to pillage and abuse the citi- zens of the United States. Ihey selected a place of landing out uf the rei&ch of the gun-buats; but liftfor- , tunately for them, not out of the reach of danger, .(^heh ^ey'had approached withip two hundred yards lefptna - . *- W iK^a |l«»»t»sa,^.. Slflr " i¥All; « irbeTli it flotilla wfts order* river, and eni , Captain Tarl ■d in two divisions | rdner, and the other eth, having brouffht Ition, he opened a :he distance pf^ half (inued fw lialf an uf the frietttet the ther vessel, which ; to her assistance ; appeared to have !r consort, and ad- aptaln Tarbell now wai^much shatter- t disparity of force, a resolved upon bj lid be necessary to ected. I'he neat- mces, was Crany bev dropped to the bell gave orders tcf^ lers, of the-frigate d seamen on the tteryontheN. W. in such a manner from the opposite light, they were lint of Nansimond , a great proportion d, were wretched isoners in Spain, »h service, under nd abuse the citi- iiected a place of boats ; but UAfor- ; of danger. /Mfheii red yards i^CFdb *f .'^ ^ compell#J to ••n«i l^^^r^ Threat. This was no sooner ^discn. SniH ffflT ** *•*** '*''®" sunk, and to affoid the uofor. ■14 T ^ ^-'^f*^ ^-»* ■'% is ■I" >^ Jt* '# tiM. i • #. Ik - ■ t L« 158 * HISTORY OP THE WAR. was excited, in consToueZ «f *k^-^''j'*''"'® ofrevenw} the sackingW Norfoir th.v * ^'Wo'ntn»eDtS '^"» throwinff rockets a m?« ' *^"de", and smaller vessels! Sidney TanTedfeoTTw^S towards the town, wUile sfr ' intending to march u'DanS ^^^^ ?f *^° *''°"«and men' cans. Admi.7 Cockburn wf r« *''' '""i °^ "^« ^"n^ri-' niajor Crutchfield, the offir.? "" ""^T'^ '"^'^"^^^ bj whi opened upon h m a flrpi^s^oytfir* ''^u^T* ' was compelled instanHv#« Su i *^* arUIlerj, that he solfbehindnoinV j/,J°^'*''^'\'r'and conceal him- '"8 appearancrand waVseve7eTv7a'Sil' fu ^'^V "«^« pany under captain Swtan t whiu f 1^ u ''^ * "^'^ *=»«'- an'.ood,near which h^uS '/"''' H^i '^''^n Pasted in soon af or drew up ht .'nfant; ^^''' ^*J*»" Crutchfield, wen ; but findTn"^him8elf "n7Ki'\'"PP"'^ °^ *»>« "Ae! bers so super iour hlmLT '^^•^**''*«"*' ^*tb nura- . ever, withuSt gS d^Kltt ^1^' '^i'"''' °'^'' ''"^- ' been left to c'Lmn.and ihe h«£^^'\?7°''' ^^""^^ ' enemy's landing, IbSnd th^t t^P' ,^b.ch opposed the proacfied wkhin sixty van *„?.• T' °"^°^* ''*«' ap- itself in a situation KtS?^^"" ' '^^^^^^T** considering / u 4 i' |V • l.'^IH'.l!*,. iM^ HISTORY OF THE WAR woanded s that nf *u^ n •!• l ^^®" '^"•ed and t>velve , wX^***-^ '""*''' '"°''« considerable. . composed thlSfilh fi f Wf^cenaiy wretches which on this occasion, felt for the honour n?h^ ^^f' '^''°» endeavoured, aj (he ZklfZSL i •"* *'""".*''y' *"** w tne arms of his aged wife, who. because she desired t? /!!^ If* M?«*si^i^ %1t-«w.%' i ,.% 9." W-1 ' i. U ."K- f 160. HISTORY OF THE WAR. and cruelly put to death Se?SthfS fe^H' >vere murdered in the hognital iS .If?* i" '^." "^'^ ■"«*» • *'««t'-ojed,allthewouDdeChoferii?^^^^^^^^^ S'^'T ''•™ not onlj denied medical aid hutlll *''*"' ''"*'■» '^e'^ duringLo da,,, ttrti;;''th' rh"wtrd°e° nTr ?' ThisSc '^ ^^-S'd'^--^' of christlrnr, b^t^of men "'^^ e/ut^t^^LY -iS^^ Ground. of congress, which reported unori? ,'!. * fomroittet possible, more excitecf on thirsuMf^ /uX.''«'"'*.r''^ '^ the people of Kentucky at tLml-«' *" '"^^ *''"«« "*" GenUTaylor,"X'j;J^i, '^^^^ a letter to Sir Sidney Beckwi*h )^«„ • j • '.•"*'''^*8ed of dignified and .;;rii?4l,%tS",Tht^ of an honourable min alJne Zan dfctaTe on It ^^i'."«* of such an outrage, and by which guilt is cnmLn., '"""J**^* for refuge inthateringreanTssoK^ 'r^*'^ varication. General Ta?lor aft^r .?«/• !l ^ *"^ P»^- of wh,ch the Brit.rtroS h;d t^^^^^^^^^ inhjrmed of the nature of the war intenWto 1 '^ *? ^ ^nT/ll ^"'*«^ «*•*«« ' wheherlle scenes a^^^^^^^ ton had been unauthorised by the BritUh !« """P^ gcine, rep^HH'Zt*tC«:tlr'1or"rSs;: ''l Hampton, and hoped that, in future thi»*'*f. .** earried on witl. asTuch r^a^* "^ uUnU^Ys Z" 'l.'^* This evasive answer was nSt received as «Lft-i!.r'"**'®- •nore exp icit was reauinS Hn JJ? as satisfactory, one w R^ P -^'' i^^f • m:^ i^^ L 4\ ^' - -.i ^ L f t} > L/€ '> • t ;"?"• — V ■h I ] fc n ii t t o ai tl -lai^SSthK^ ;s-i^! '."'Tji' ;«V'',i«:i^it.v* "*?■';* -iX . ■■ i'f*^ *., ■ml ' have inflict- isting." Sir excesses at ar would be as possible, ifactorj^one rfed that ihe i conduct on shooting nt HISTORY OP Tfrt: WAR. ' lei OfiVp!irr ^''^'^'""g,*o a bars? which had overset. ^"2?' '^ajlorimmedjafely instituted a court oHnqui^ ' ' S; tt resSr^lln^i' '"''^'•'' \' "'^'•""^ f«""^s. thinkinr. * K'ngc»fnm"nicated, Sir Sidney did not thnk^opertogivea written reply ; but promised ver Sse7hfm«:ir ^".;™"P* f.«™ th^e VeigbbSoot and ' Sted S t V^fT''' ""^ '''« ""* ^^^^S been ac- '■ 2eenccuTfli • '"« *? ^""^ *" ^^'^'^ tf'ese ""en bad be restrSp 1 !?* . ^^f?I *'>'^* «" ^«<^^ they could not them enr^H*"''"' ''t *^^''*' *''** «« ««»»*« ^e had found ^ jy^ngaged in such Qicesses,^ he had given order« fnn tt excusri'K- T'ef-uVill not, h'irve^lTport jne excuse, and there is no criminiLwIio has i>ernetrat/H the gr^sest crime, that cannot fabricate as S IH. .r.i^ "'^■^." ^^^**^« mentioned, a shameful indiJfrr te 'ofTeVriSr*' "''^' ^; ''-ply regarded' rhechSc: or nnVft k- * ST'?""*"*' •^^"ch indifference be wise «sertio„ 2f*r ^^ *••' '^'^'•''' ^•" d«<='J«- As to the SJs^whichhV>'''"'^*'o"*'"P^^^ ^^--^ "'"ilar to mose which had occurred in Spain, it by no means clears g^e British character ; hat, in reality, sJch acte "f atn.«? J^^JI *u^i" pursue his own inclination, in moving to the south with a formidable squadron, to carry o.?f fte Carolina-^ and Georgia, the same species of wJlklS 14* ^m ,?»t- <^ k', V'^'M WiK , ^,nl p^ v*- J I *f->il Kli r J •^!,,^M*Uf.J-^. 1\ I -^y \ \ > 1^ HISTORY OP THE war: coke rive?, in Khfeont 'tjl'^T'^^^ ««^««- the bar J and, with a iumber 'J^k?'"""^ */***; *^««««« private-armed vessels fhV In *f8«»» attacked two ^hich, after a gallant re^^^^ the Atlas, Revenue cotter, then ?„'''*^'^' ^^ '*P*"^*''- "^^^ tern, at which place the m^tlaiVr?-'*P" V" N**^" bers, that the admiral's de«^n».ff^J*'* *« *"«•» "•""- He landed abotttThree thou fnd „?.„" l^**"* fr"«trated. Portsmouth, and hav'ngTeate^ 7«n». then proceeded to »am6mannera8hehad*r;,?y we could ooljr tend trnrovokl tL •^^'^A*'^"* °^ *»•« other. «»e war. If the DroceS^r^^f 7- «P ''» '^e opposition to bj his govern^ntrir^L d?L.: 1 K "•■" "^ ^^^iM.^A .PP^cj, for nothing Lm ti^^^L^J \ri^ r^^'^^^'' .^,;d'ffference8, and rt^d^'^^;^^ ^^"^7 heal political everj American. * common cause with . terf;hthtrofbTJi:&^^^ gret. Some excuse mav be found f°"* •'^"■!'^' «^ «•«- produced, in tonsenS r u°" '"!: '* '° *he irritation the enem; had threTned ?n ^ '"**'^* ?f '''''^^^ ^hich ^anlofhWtheTssKesrr^^^^^^^^^ By this act, a re- as should effect the dMfrn^f-^u*^' ""** ""'^'"etJ to such bjr the armed or i' -J-- ^^ States. TheTeasSre SnS' -rrr'* ""^ *''« ^'"ited of which so muclf rtEb.et:2td ' 'Tf^** •"'•^'"«' thing unmaniv in thi« irtc:J^! "^^ **'•*• There is some- notfustifiable^even for dP^^^^^^ '"'^^ of annojance j it ig fc It is but little beSrrJ •"*'*. ?^^I."'* a» unsparing foe. ing mines. "l^STnc^^^^^^^ and to^thebrav^mind mtTwe\':J!i^^^^ the recollection of having thurtrp,of!2i^®T®'* *^o™ an enenw* >;Jt is forSifn I !k ^''^'^9' destroyed bid* us tfeke the unl^fi ^ *k^ '^'"^ •'^° ^hich it tunltj of defence "T'h'fii"'^* because there is no oppor- ^ is of io value tSe 1, hero '!^^\ I* ^°' fairlj^n, er of ceneral s:m*2 * '^'** '* had been in the uowl troved our cruel enemi, . k..* k • IE^ *"" td have des thejinfliction ofluch Sij;",^"';^^^^^ . Several attempts at £&»?„ ?f °^ '*^'«e«- were made, in co^nsequence 7tS? llw *'K^'« T«J» markable were those aimins* #L o r* *^® "o**^ «- / >■ ,'flB*l U '>r^.~ii' m 184 HIS , * %. Site h» rtf^y ^f the i4ffiStiill#/''7 J*"*"^" Iv, the ilanlii, Jjii^ nP# if^^ * T*^^^? fortunate- ^in chW^^hi Jai^^^^ the car^; of the BritisI^eiSei*. ^^11!^'^'^^^^^ ^ iN.T,oIk. After fi.f^firaiSfrS'-T'r"^''^''^^ .engaged could not (?ptne sufficieiTtfi ^^'^^^^ persona' fill manniT ; an iiSiensP rni..« '^ r ■*"® '""''* a^' «P, which, fell vvi&Twetr«oon th^^^ ^^ *'•"""" . ing sulph was openeTin wh c sh^nnJ! f^ I " n^'"" swallowed up. ' By tfU liX „f /, !^PP?''^*^ *» ^''^^ been covered that the forXJe hid -f'^P';?'""' •*«'«« dis- »h.p'8 crew soon aft.r took to tlit Z^ ^'""'^ f' '^''^^ ".'clc struck. CommoCe U^d7ll^"-'T^'*f^y P*" ^t this attempt, and pi^^tested^ «^f^^^ ^T^^ »^di^mnt species ,.f annoyance whJrh hi ^ . ""^. *^''"^* against a It had tRe effS„4ve o^V:'"!f '"^i •'•^^^''"""•able. extren.ely cautious in hLannrK'"^ *'"^ ^"^"^)^ to be ♦ practice, the enemy's a rehenLn-*"^'"'^''''^' P"^ m: keep them at a grater En^r.r**'" '^' "ervedto ju«t5fj this mode of ^tMck k h;^ !f an^ thing could Hampton.and the deportment if clkf?" *''««<=«"«. of but comuiodore Hardy wsl i^nJ '"'" ^"'^ *>'» c-*"^ J rited a diflerent treaCnU ^"""""^ "°^"'^' *«d me ..I ^4 /■ V ♦ »• \, K?' V, A'«, ^ £j!»/o \**'^"^^lf?-^"f HISTORr OF THE, WAH. ^ "v le^ v> ; CHAPTER IX, Porter in tL SoniU sZ^JT^^'^^'I^^ ^''''^°'^ Decatur cpture. the DomS ^^'^^ A™'*«"*~T1»- •qwl terms. Thus f»;if ITti' '* '?«"8e «'«' »»" »n rsetsrr££Hlr^^^^^^^^ «?ver we have to fear from a conJir^kP F v'"'' ^''*'- there can be no c,^8e of distrust 1?» «t«nd'ng arm j, A" :n / / ' 9 1. fW^ SW»i«K iMte itfc „„a^t&HS^ii^ 166 "''''•^■'^.11 U / HISTORY OF THE WAR. ". ri '' , .*■ ^ In the last chapter, on thie subject of our naval war, it will be recollected, that ine Hornet was left to blockade the Bonne Citoyenne^^St. Salvador. This vessel was fonnally challenged by the Hornet ; bnt whether from hef unwillingness to risk the loss of a quantity of specie which she had on board, or that she was not inclined to engage in the combat, though of superiour force, she thought proper to pay no attention to the challenge- Commodore Bainbridge, we have seen, had parted from the Hornet at this place, in order that the Bonne Citoy- enne might have no excuse for declining the invitation, and it will be recollectea how gloriously he met the Java a few days afterwards. The Hornet continued the blockade until the ^th of January, when the Montague hove in sight, and compelled her to escape into poi;t> She ran out, however, the same night, and proceeded on a cruise. Her commander first shaped his course to Per- nambuco, and on the 4th of February captlired the English brig Resolution, of ten guns, with 23,000 dollars in spe- cie. He then ran down the coast of Moranham, cruiz- m ed off there a short time, and thence off Surinam, where he also cruized %* some time» and on the 22d stood for Demerara. l¥e next day, he discovered aik English bri^ of war lying at anchor outside of the bar, and on beating around Carabona Bank, to come near her, he discovered, at half past three in the ^fternoon, another < flail on his weather quarter, edging down for him. This proved to be a large man of war brig» the Peacock, cap- tain Peak, somewhat superiour to the Hornet in force* .Captain Lawrence manceuvred sometime to gain the wea- ther guage, then hoisted the American ensign, tacked about, and in passing each other, they exch&nged broad- sides at the distance of pistol shot. The Peacock being then discovered in the act of wearing, Lawrence" now bore up, received his starboard broadside, ran her^ down on board, on the starboard quarter, and poured w^ her 80 heavy a fire, t|i&t ip fifteen^inutes she not fj^y sur- rendered, but hoisted a si^al of distress, as she was li- terally cut to pieces; and had already six i^st water in ker bold. U' E-^' -^ '' fkjM-' ••'i J*-"* 4alB^*fc. ^^mim-'y i<^ ^7: i «v: \^]W>^;'" ''»•'■■ HISTORY OP THE , WAR. ? I^^t * i6r not less conspicuous than in the actions with the GuT nere and Java, wa^ despatched to bring her officera and crew on board the Hornet. He founlthatJhe capSa Sr the vanquished vessel had been killed, the grffi? part of her crew had been either killed or woundeTind hat the vessel was s.hking fast, in spite of every effort to keep her .Above water. Every exertion was^ made to toke offjthe crew before the vessel sunk , heroins werts thrown overboard, the shot holes were plumed! and a part of the Hornet's crew, at the risk of the'ir ^el laboured incessantly to save the vanquished. The ut- most efforteofthese generous men were vain; she sunk r-iMTJ *K **^*fl™' f^'W ^Jown nine of her own crew, and three of the American. Thus did our aallani: countrymen twice risk their lives, first in thecalfeof their country, and next in thfe cause of humanitv ; firetto conquer their enemies, and then to save them". TheJ* are actions, which unfortunately fall too rarely to the lol of the historian to record. Of all our naval victories, thi? IS the one which Ardencans recollect with most pleasure • ' f °'^ f ^«'J. there canaot be a higher proof of the generosi! ty of fee ing which predominates fn the nation. The prew of the Hornet divided their clothing with the pri- soners, who were left destitute by the sinkfng of the ship ; and so sensible were the officers of the generous treat- ment, which they experienced from captain Lawrence and his men, that on their arrival at New- York, they ex pressed their gratitude inapublick letter of thankMi !I5il ^?"\** 4^® experienced, from the unavoidable now 9fm whole of our property and clothes, by the sud- Jm sinking of the Peacock." ^his praise is wortli more wan a victory. : \-^ '\ 'fM =^=i= 5C f^i-,-?-' ' '■^.-..ifJ^.tt* ^ f*V 16» * • "^^'i^f *^f^' ; .ity- ■■ ^z-*^*. HIStdRY OF TH? WAR. .^ -%• !V': ) The Hornet received bat & slight injury ; the^mber j^jU||Mfpd wounded, on btwrd the Peacock, could iRRroeeuaSy sst^rtafHed, but was supposed to e^iceed mtj. The officers mentioned, as having distinguished thei^selves on this occasion, were lienten^ts ConnW and Newton, and midshipmen CcM||r, Jmjro, Getz» Smuot, Tippet, ^tcerum antf 'TitusJHLieutenant Stew- art was uiih>rtunateljr too ill to take a part in the action. On the 10th of April, a few day8 alter the arrival of the Hornet, the Chesapeake, thaty " ill-omene^ bark," returned to Boston, after a cruize of four montl£i, Her commander c.aptain Evans, having been appointed to the New-York station) she was assigned to captain Law^ rejjjJfe. j. " '■ n he British, whose mortification at their t^^ feats may be easily imagiqmp'and who reeai putation of their navy as ^eir great hunvai come seriously alarmed. If the charm of " superiority on this element were once destroy ht ea^hei nations, who had now yielded to them the Pd their naval boasts must be at ati end. A course was naturally fallen upon of selecting one of * thembest frigaMjlB, manned by picked seamen, and exer- . eisw* witl) all^ssibte' pain^ for the special puipose*^ They jj^iired ttpopyi^^ . whii|(i|Pil^ fancietU prex#lW in the American ships. There was an idle tnaifiuAtioii, that American back-^ i-nfen^were placed in the, tops for the purpose oC« ^bg the officers. Sharp-shooters were now carefuUjr ^trained, and directed to aim only at the officers of m» VV- »r.'! *tH!, 5jr '"^Americans. Thus provided witU a chosea S^jf ^ ^kd, picked seamen, captain Broskc appeared with WmJ^aa- non on the American coast. In April, off Boston faacMtiyry he sent a bravado to the President, commodore Boii^rs^ -J T" -/y" l^mAbl ■fS^Ma^^-iib y.«..i.A-;aJ \P**'«'''«;*i"*«s»»j . '.^■^>..-^^ :m -■emaSSniL HBTOBFoVTHEWAlt ">er uie terms were eaual %.P*"«« 'o examftne whe- Chesapeake's crew hadteen d,Vh» «T'' P^^^of Te ply their places were enH;f?^^*T^» others. to sun- s'ck, and ?hat ki?d of mu „^,f '^^^^^^^^^^ of his officers we?e know edge of each oth^, wL SSnSrL^r^^S fr"« a and his men. But he could nn^'^^ between himself " »nf thus defied. On the fii 'r r*'"' J^ ^^^S^t of te. jfved to try his folne 'Wh/n ?r '^^^ ft"-th rt Shannon, he made a short address to Sf^'g'** ^^ the It received witii no enthusiasmTthev 3iP . "' ^*»"»d as the cause of complaint thJ SS ™'™''ed, aUeging not been paid j he iCedlately ^ave'tf "^!- r°«^ ^Jf tod thougbtthejr were now recJnS*.\?. *'*^¥'« f"*- it» V^ they were at this moment .rmrtl*- ' ^"'' «»nfortanate- %en^ foreigners, who M aSeSjf**^'*^'""""^ V, "H^ 1^1 ( «- I? -.V. ■* -; - " ■'■> -A* ,i.4jJitt^« .,;«& -"'^ 170 HISTORY OF THlf WAR. \' u:/ /'Si"" The Shannon, observing the Chesapeake, put to 8ea» and was followed hy her. At half past five, the Chesa- peake closed with the enemy, gave him a broadside, which waa returned, equally destructive on both sides} ~^^""~~6ut the Chesapeake was particularly unfortunate in thie loss of officers ; the sailing master White, was killed j lieutenant Ballard, mortally wounded ; lieutenant Brown, of the marines, and captain Lawrence, himself, severely \irounded : the latter leaned on the companion way, al- though in great pain, and still continued to give orders. A second and a third broadside were exchanged, With evident advantage on the side of the Chesapeake, but the same misfortune in loss of officers continued ; the first lieutenant Ludlow, waf carried below severely wound- ed } three men were successively shot from the wheel j a shot disabled her foresail, so that she could no longer an- swer her helm. Being disabled in her rigging, the Chesa- peake tlien fell with her quarter on the Shannon's an- chor. This accident may be considered as having de- cided the contest ; an opportunity was then given at rak- ioK the Chesapeake, and, towards the close ofihe action, of boarding. Captain Lawrence, although severely woundfid, still persisted in keeping the deck, now com- manded the boarders to be called up j at this moment a musket ball entered his body, and he was earned below, having first pronounced these memorable words, which have become the motto of the American navy, don't give UP THE SHIP. The officers of the Chesapeake were near- ly all killed, and the command devolved on lieutenant Budd, who called up the men for the purpose of carrying the order of Lawrence into execution. At this time captain Brook, finding that his vessel had received so many shots between wind and water, that there waa danger of her sinking, and perceiving the cpnfusion which reigned on board the American, and yet fearM thatyictoFy might slip from his gr^p, threw twen^jT his marines on board, and immediately foUowe4tti«m. Lieutenant Budd endeavoured to. shoot the veMlM:eftr of the Shannon; but being soon after wounded, ^d a nai t of the crew in a state of mutiny, the scheme eutbrely r I '''.'4 »::* ^fW^IIN'?ft'.li !9fSP'^«S^»4flV'« A' "1^-. p-ffi^l^;;. "'ij* •«y'' af. •V . 1> rr^- 5r -f ^ IvV HISTOttY OF THE WAR. { ^^ he neck bjr Mr Uv^S^ ^k"'*^ ^*^ «'>»* *'''^"«^ received a wound in ^he hl!^^**!"' » moment after, hoard his own 8h"p. lill t m' ^1 ^"1 ''*'-"«^ «» '|-;ip-^sionor^n^:i.l^^ rl^^^TS^^^^^^ theenem. the wounded her caotain hf k P^i^^^C' «"*» a™ongat the captain, the firTt^^nd fn .k''?''^ "»* ChesapeaG, ^ . t«"ant of mariner thriIf"''^\u^'*''V'««nts, the lieu! wejJ, LivingstoTfivat iSd Itii the midshipmen Hope. midshipmen Weaver aK v?".?*.^^^^ tfie ehapiain eighty S,en wounded ^rie '1"?°"'' ^"'"'•J^' ""^^out lo38 was sustained after Si ^ ^**^'u H''«Portion of this I'he British hTeleSn chat^pn"'^? ''"^ ^l'"*** *''« deck! ous conduct towaS« ThJ^^^ with a cruel and ungener- that thi« charts had W„^ vanquished. We could^ S Iti^saidtharafterl^Te f^'P'^ repelled, if „o? S. continued the work Ji , '"^•:"'*°* had submitted, thev totheprison^T^asLtrf^^^^^^^^ Jave been expected from n.anfv T"^^ H'^d which might f.thatournaviil character *ad risen somewhat in her estimation. In thfe United Slates It was tegarded as an accident, which proved no f/^TV^n ^'^f^^l British, and it wi£ lament- ed chiefly for tlie loss of our brave ofijcers. f n !'i® ?f (of*"ne seemed for a short time in favour ofGreatBritain. ^n the fourt^of August7another of our national vessels was captured by the enemy. Th#' FrT^*'^*'rK'^*"^"e**!?*^^''-^^*^^°''^» <»"'• minister to *rance, in the spring of 1813, proceed«(d, early^in Jtke to cruisein the British channel, where she contiimelfS- two months to contmit great havock on the Biillsh shio- • ping, bo muph uneasiness^did she cause, that^^J. • lish merchants were unable to effect an insttSSBl^ tt.eir v^i^els, und^r three tiin<>s the usual pren,iuiS?Wr British government was induced, at last, to send sevSff* vessels on purpo^ to chase off this daring enemy. On the fourteenth, at four in the morning, §ie PeLn"! sloop of war, of considerably greater fdr?e than the Ariria; obtained a sight of her by %l light Qf a bSg whicffi Utter had set on fire. « Ar|us ilpmediatlly prepS! ™o!^3"r*t tl^e ene-^y 5 at five o'clS the action JSm- menced at the distance of mutfket shot, the I'elican hav- injj the weather Mge. ,At thi; first broadside captab AJlea felU «everelv wounded, but remained on dect^ tal several bpoadsiaes were «;xchanged whenhe.wi^ «.? Aflif *'* ^^'^'Pl^ *•*? command . to lieutenant Waft^. At half past SIX, the rigging of the Argus was »o jjt Sp Mi ,#■' it n. I. /:■ *t actu ; capt y «fini ■*«: ■'i:t ^■\ n^M, ■»# »» #^'' i --*■*- »-^ ^m^vmmBmn. 7^:.'Sm&'i '^iwi! 'SB'S ^^^ •jSifv-k': fv..\ 1 ittribut'ecl inoD, and iomewhat aken mtO dvantage > maj be; me slight rubbings, agant re- in Spaiil^ . ^ b expres-^ character J Uiiited roved no lament- H fevour*!^-' ■ tother ox * ^' nistertfl,/ ,,„' ishship-. a; several IV. On ilican, a J Argujs, Inch ^B/-.'- prepar- ,' ' >n coni- ,y an hav- **' captftin _„> eciTaiiii^ 'alsctr- 4«t«p, HISTORY OF THE War. £a,"se^e^^^ -o«nde™dl"rheff '* !, *5f ««"*«"«"t d;^Ived on William H. A len.Juf^K '*/''* *^«""»»nd ^'^gpeat exertions,- IJefeateH «. "* ^ ° ^'"'' ^°™n ^'"e, can t»gain»rakin^ VSnn ^L'^li^'^P^ofth^Pefils S^''\^^!^^Ars^sZSZd^^^^ "Minutes feltcan chose a>D09iti«n;n^^L "an«uvred, and the Argas comd be b'r'otXrbet?oo"n°r °'1^^''« "^ *h« to oppose ^ 'repeate'd rakinTbrLifn ' ' 't' ''*^ ""^^'"g At fortj-seven minuteniS -T. ?^®'' '^"^ musketry! the Joss of six killi^rt «nl P^* /'^ she surrendered, with th^ Pelican'thet'^rrerh;:^^^^^^^^ -loa/d Captain Allen died soon afteHn i f ''°? ^"^ v^ounded. m.tepmenDelph/an5SdJards «^n'rl' *°g««^er with termed wth the honours of wTtkIp r*"^^ ^«''« ^^ '«- 0/ 20 guns, the Argtis of 1 8 Tu Jk '^^'^*^'*" ^*« ^^'oop stance roar be fair^awirded to i^^^^ and men did their dutv h... i^^^^^Iwh. Our officers to a more fortunate ad^;^r''cr."'P"l'f.'* *« «"»>'»i . Wavourite in this'coun^.?- d h£ r\^"^ «' «»on only served to renHp? i • "'" '^'''^*'' «» this occa- tohis Ju„tr;^roen ToputoJJ T'""''^ the more dear m finding excuses fo/thif defei ^'I!?'? 5** ^''^ --acic ■ *' tote the Sritish, who have not a^^^^ ^" '^".^ *« ^-^i- mval Victory^ out of at leas? twentv fn-I' " ''"«^ /«> their national flag has struck Krl '°*/;"««8' "» which , Ijappen in twenty succSec^^p"' ^^^ '^^^'^i^ents may Jy n one oift.o ^1^^^^' A^. ^Vf ral British veJK\V|o„^^^^^^^ had capt„,,d'',eve. «g Wh great success, L crew^!f 'A*"!'"'^ *''«" *««- actually created a fleet, ^f n?nft ail r ^'^^^^' "^«d afmai;que,^andhe Wasat^thit hLn^'^ beeh letters the Pteific ocean. Tis «a^bi';! °^l>.»«tely master of naval inrJri»n » ^ "i ™^ o^ reaarded an » n »„.. i * ^ . * W >♦;'' '«a> 1^ A ^1 ..^ -..'• -. r * f ■ .m >H ^\k, i • "■•Ti'lF'-' ■ '"'''T'v; ■■" ,'i^Tg^gi El^ i74 HISTORY OP THE WAR. fuse in theirXctr oi ttfl&f *^ "if" •"» P"»- rjins between ttm'SiternlS'fir"^ «""*' "^ «="- of March, he felHn JS? *"oP**'!*: ^^ *»»« twentyniixth TK«k • w X J'**?"^®> "tree trade and sailor'a riohta *> ment of the action, .n7«?;,edt„ nil l£ "i* ""»"«''«• i«g hi, hjjd, with '. „.b?e ■ Jwt? rji.w' &'??■ • Sag mi^t never be atrai WhenX 1t.r?»fft* not tiu jheS »SUs''h It r^''!!?r.r» not till then ^^i^^i',,-^^ STSILtl *»JB*«fc. ... .■ ' ^^'^^^^^^^^m^^sf^p^sf. \" 1 HISTORY OF THE WAR. •««» 173 «naj be subduil, but thdr wSJ n«vpT"*'' ^' ^^^ I088 wu much more consEhir k' ?°* ^he British and fortr killed anTwouS !« '^"^K^**'* thirtr commanaer, captain BlX tL?L*"« the former her fla^to tlie iasf isan addfH«„T?*H''*i**«*^»«'««the wSch the Am4w8 wire ^^^^^^^^^ *^^ *«"-o«r ia befo»« affected ta de^pS. Tem 1^^ that he miiht IscaTtte^^ *» *he^mSL* Wsjjreat wTsdomrJteSiltl^-^^^ ^'''='»«^«» The two commanders hnlh « • • >'' were interred beside each otter r^ri?^ P^'^'K »«»» ♦arj honours. The British^! .. ?*'^'a°«'» with mili- work to detmct fr^lhe h^nour« n? L-^*- *^"™««^ On the 26th of Tptemberrtti PreJiln?*"'"^' Rodgers, arrived at Newwrt RhSf i°f' ^J*'»"»«'<>«« , cruize of unusual lenirth *rX ? * *'''*^»°<^' after a Anril, in company ifefX* *^ '^ **» ^^^ ^Oth of After crui^wVouT^aS wUhEl'^P*''" ««'«•: currence, thej parted on thii 8 h «? m^ important oc- wodore shaped ^i.cou?8et«tn£ ¥Y' *"^ the com- India trade rbutmeetinTJ^^^^^^^ Wert atobd towards the AzorS „T ""tjiag in this quarter, he 6th of June, ^^oiiZVtlnltloft^'''''A »"«' the From information which »^Jtl7riL^ 5"?*^ f ^«"e'«- course to intercent Ih? Vn^ Jlf /• "'^'y***' *»« shaped his Bngland. iTffie w^nTJ'''" *h ^^^ '^^es to captores, between the'33,ri' S"/?'} '^"* '"??'' ^^"^ Jnuzed in the track from Newfo„fldi«nH *""!: ^^'^ ""' Channel, but without meetiri « •*"? ^ ®*- Geoi»5»8 ahort of provisions; he^^/^? \?"'*l'* ^ewe"? b5n£ Sfthof jfne. He t£c'L tep^i.?"'*'^.^*'15«° <« thf to intercept a convoVfrn.^!^ **"'**'**« t^e Orkneys! middle of Lr. when fnZ ^'^'^'^e^ but aboyt Te fngate,for^vera.da,s,^oX^^^^^^ ^»r^'^;#-r^,. KW'^mVf:^^ \}i^' .^■ ■s» > W^^h^t i ' u 'j =f,'¥*is?r-^ ->■)•?= ire HISTORY OF THp WAR. if Winds. He next steered to gain the direction of the trade passinK ofjt and into the Irish Channel. In this position he made three captures; but fifading that the enemy had a supenour force near this, he made a circuit round Ire- land, and then steered for the banks of Newfoundland, where he made two captures. On the 23d of Septembef-, " be captured, in a singular manner, the British schooner. HighHjer, tender to admiral Warren j on her approach to the President, she hoisted a private signal, which was accidentally answerfed by one that proved to be the Bri- tm signal for that day; she accordingly bore down and was captured. By this means the Bril^sh w-ivate signals, r and admiral Warren's private instructions," were ob- tained, and which enabled the commodore \ayoid their squadrons on the coast. He soon after arrival at New- port The Congress, after parting from the PresiAnt, con- tmued her cruize until the 12th of December, >lhert she arrived at Portsmouth, N. H. She had cruized chiefly on the coast of South America, and had captured a num- ber of the enemy's vessels, amongst others ifwo armed brigs of ten guns each. ft has alre^y been said, that the character of our flag at sea, w^s not merely supported by our national vessels : there were numerous instances jn ndiich our private crui- zers acquitted themserves in a manner to^ratify the pride of any people. But the publick attention was so much oc- cufpied with the first, that the latter perhaps has not re- ceived a due share of applause. A few instances may be selected from amqngst a number. Perhaps no action during the war displayed more daring courage, and won- 4ei ful superioiity of seahianship, than the engagement of the Comet, captain Boyle, with a Portuguese brig, and three armed mcFchantmen. After engaging them ^1 four, and fighting them several hours, he compelled (Ofie of the merchantmen to surrender, and the bri^ to shieer off, although double the force of the Comet. I'his would appear almost incredible, if the details were not perfectly satisfactory. A •' <;■.( - ■ '^mmm. iflffWl*! ^:^% , ^ i*a^«ii'*^'««^yi WSTQRYO^ THE wAr. ,^ - • fetter pf marque, indaffei ^^•"'' l^^ «"PP»8«d to'^be a M^earingto giv\ another to Jk?'"^ ''*r * b^o^dside, and were fngWo? a frigate ^^^^^ ^'^^^ ''«"°d they heavy fire, as would haTl;, A''' Joo" opened such J '"orth:' ir f> '^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ' ''' ''•^ "*•' a cruize, discoverel^a^'sfe ^T*^"?:?*"^*"'"' being on proved to be the BrUish le^S^A^ «J»'ooner,^the |«" the other the British vSof C *f "n"^*' Charlotte, irnmediatelv stood towards thlmo' i**^ ^"^inica. She abreast of (he schooni, Both ' ?"•, '^°" ^°""^ ^^^^feelf pffiuvre for two or three hours thfn'' P°"«n"ed to ma- ;?gto escape, and the Decatur ^-?"'"^"''- endeavour- tune several broadsides were fired hfl' t""S which some shot from the lars*. min «f *if i ^ *'** former, and at last succeeded rnb£S°^*''«??«er. TheDecater . ?n« by means of hiJ wS';*,""™'''':"^^^'- «»«» Pass- Ihe fire from tJie artX f and 1 t'.'*^'" «^ «»« o^ber. ble, being well suppoteynn K .?" •^^^''-^ ^a« now terri* not being'^able to Cnglrhtstrt^^ '^!l'^ P^'"'"'^ of the Decatur, and was tf»« i^T\'^ dropped along side Pire-arms novJ becam^ usele^'^n^ ^l}'" whole^rew! band to hand, With a^SLpa in i^fJ* }^^ ^''e^'s fought ^ eighteen pounder nn « if.! P""'?^ <=ar "•orf^des,- an\ii/el^|,tee ' n "'"; "'* '^^ive-pound car- bundled and ^ree men 'XJosTw^^^.r^V^'^'^ «'« ■ /^'•e DSrhrdf^aJ^.!.-** sixteen Wounded The n '^'"•'^^^ ^«« tfi^ee kji "d ana ' pound carronades, twS lo^rj"''^* ^'^ t^r^twelv"^ pounder, and onc^rty-wo^^^^^^^^^^ '"^ ""/ '"•^«« four- witl. ey{btj.thre« Tne^ mrS?? ?.-'""""**« °" a pivot, forty-sevenwouiwied Th^a..^**- *'''*'*««*» killed; and «im(ja attributed the losf of fr V^^«™ ^^ the Do- ;k'» of the mcatur'VcSwi^S''^'"'"' *« ^^^ 8uperioi«. tbe masterly,e,an«uvS!^f''lt"!r "'* "* niiiskefr^^ 3 w unciess. iiie captain had -ri-. I . ', i' 4 ■'} «4' t. .1 rf 1 ^' ® <» •f. f.f ■ " '^3« "•ho»-. 1T8 HISTORY OF TH# WA*R. H# been a young man of about twenty-fife years of age ; he was wounded early in the action j but he fought to the last moment, declaring that he would only surrender his vessel with his life. The Decatur arrived at Cha^lestown with her prize on the 20th of Ai^gust. It is pleasing to record, that in this instance our brave tars did not depart from their accus- tomed generosity. The surviviuw officers of the Domi^ iiica spoke in, the highest terms ol the humanity and at? tention which they experienced from the victors. V^;? '-^.•J '^' s ' ,•■ CHAPTER X. Affairs of the West— Pfitriotick conduct of Ohio and Kentucky- Defence of SanduskJ^— Generosity of the Americans— Naval preparations on Latae Erie— Commodore Perry sails with his Flept— Capture of khe enemy's Squadron— Battle of the ' Tliames, and death iof Tecumseh— Correspondence between General Hai-rison ant General Vincent* In the midst of thi various occurrences of the war, on the northern frontier, on the sea-board, and o?i the ocean, important preparatibns were making to the westward ; and although the spting and summer had passed aw^y* without any incident in this quarter worthy of being re- corded, they had nojt passed inactive. The general at- tention was now turned towards it with much anxiety, and the armies of ihe Niagara and St. Lawrence, re- mained almost witK folded arms, awaiting the issue of Harrison's campaign, and the result of the contest for the mastership of Lake Erie. The British, aware of the con- sequence of a defea|t,|h^ with great assiduity laboured to strengthen themteelvft. The reinforcements conti- nually arriving at Fbrt George, were evidellitly destined K t ■J -: r t^ r Kll^'' :i \: ^"^Z^iiSyi i^SS^iiiJS;, HISTORY OF THE WAR. f%^ 179 was anx qu8 to marcr lW„7^ ''^^^^K a maskef, carcelj issued his proc ama fon ran°°"'' '^ ^^'"'^''ad ' (for the obligations of law rSri^l'l^ on volunteers, no longer thought of,^ tl^n fif!r -.l""''**''^ service were ed thjmselvesf coSle er/arr^*''''r"^ '»«» P'-esent! of theif relatives and frTends h Venge for the murder . volunteers to four thSj' ^^^^tV^ted the numbe, of jelled b^.the natives, "the ;iark^n!^u "i^^ntuckj forty jear^ago was a dark un nK k?. '^i 5:'**^^ ground?' . ^jnotn^f Indians riitZ^^)*^^^ been the theatre of sanm.L ^'"^ immernQrial had , blooms beneath Z hani "f Z^. ^r* ^^ *^' ^yX beautiful towns and vint/, f n ?"''"r' '* '« ^''^d with opulence and refinements'^' ^i,:^;^^^^^^^ f «de of pe:;!"^ ed from manv of the best fan lie" of V?"*' ?'■« descend '' Carolina, and the enternrisini! 1« i \ YrS""* and North states. Living in abunXSnd „'."/.' '«"°* °<^ '^^ "ther fesTof fi"'" *'^ '^^'^ oTrmme'c ''thevT' ""^ ""^^^ iess of foreign attachments or fppifn / ''^^'^ imbibed PeoDle; and are perhaps more Pn."^'- *'!*« any of our to tiie institutions of frSdmn 'n 1"^'''"""^ d«^«ted tiie manners of chivalry in thdr ii ^ ''^'^^ "°^ * ''«le of deportment. Fearless ot" IZ «^"«''»»8 and hospitable n«,re than death, but with these^au^tf^'^'^S ^*«'^°"o ' ddi'Tf."'*^' ^^i^h has scarceTv fe ,T l^'^^^^o'en^e elder brethren of our confp.ial •'^ a>»rallel . Had the member, the CanaL TouM k,'^ f *«^ ^^^^ this younger , -o.dd never have da«d tot^uU S '^^^^^^ ^"'^ ^"S We pretensions. '* "'^ ^jth her unwarranta- ■'■% ,/ 180 **^^,i' HISTORY OF THE WAR. S^-' . 4HV i^WMW -H^b^H^kI j^Bii t- ■IK- 1 H»K } i'i ;fe:' The transactions which are now to l;>e relateid, may justly rank amons;st the most pleasine to our feelings ana national pride, of any which took pTace during the con- test. The campaign opened'with an affair, which thoui;h comparatively of smaller consequence than someotherS) is in its circumstances one of the most brilliant that oc- curred during the war. This was 'the unparalleled ' de» fence of Fort Sandusky, by a youthi of twenty -one years of age. In August, and before the arrival of the Ohio and Kentucky volunteers, which did not takie place until the foUowine month, threatening movements had been made upon all the different forts, established by the Ame- ricas on the rivers which fall intb Lake Erie. After the siege of Fort Meigs, the British had been considerably reinforced by regulars, and an unusual number of Indians under their^reat leader Tecumseh. It wasall-important to reduce these forts before the art-ival of^he volunteers. Major Croghan, then co^nmanding at Upper Sandusky, , having received intimation that the enemy were about to invest thefgtctjof Lower Sandusky, had marched to this place with some^ndditional force, and been occupied with great assiduity in placing it in the bies^ posture oi defence. But the only adoition of importance, which the time would allow hin\ to make, was a ditcn of six f€e.t deep ~ and nine feet wide, outside the stockade of pickets, by which these hastily constructed forts are enclosed, but which ^n afford out a weak defence against artillery." He had but one six pounder, and itbet^t on^ hundred and sixty men, consisting of regulars, and detfichments of the Pittsburgh and Petersbxirgh volunteers.^ General Harri- son, not conceiving it practici^le to defend the placer or- dered young CroSian to retire on the approach of the enemy, after having destroyed the works. This our young hero, taking the responsibility upon himself, de- termined to disobey. > On the first of August, General Prqctor, haying left t0 large body of Indians under Tecumseh, to kee°p up the appearance of a siege of Fort Meigs, arrived at Saffiauaky with about five hundred regulars, seven hundred Indians^ r and soike guni)oats. After the general had Baade such^ ' '.•m M i^ '' i. ■i ■• HI ~i^^ \* . ,.iXt-t ~f^-' f.'.C?'^ ,^^ HISTORY OF THE WAR. m digpositions of hi8 troops as to cut off the retreat of the earnson. he sept a flag bj colonel Klliot and majqf Cham. Bers, deroandrng a surrender, accompanied with the usua base and detestable threats, of butchery 3 cold blood massacre, if the garr.'son should hold ou^t. 4^i: ried answer was returned bj Croghan, who found tlfat sCo^TrnTtr iaS;^'^ '''''^^' '^^ '^--'^' -'^ during the n.ght. In the morning, they oiined witP St '-^r^' r'f ^'1^ ^«^" P''^"*^^ un/er c^er of the niglit withm two hundhed and fifty yards of the Dickets but not ^vth much effect. About f^ur o'clock inTeaJ^ ternoon, ,t was d scoyered that the enemy had conceil rated h.s fire against the north-west angle, with ?he1^ ZnXl •"? K "?." ^''''''^' • '^''"^ P^'-t ^^ immediately !?^*f?*t"^'^ V ^''^ iPP««'t'»n «f bags ot flour and san/ 80 that the pickets sufferfed but little ri,jury. DuriuK this' time, tl/te s,x pounder was carefully coiceiled in th?bar. t.on which covered the point to hi assailed, and t was loacled with slugs ai^rape. Aboui five hundred ofThe enemy now advancW^n close column to assail the part Mjiere . was supposed \he pickets must have been in Sr- lil !; the same tiifie making several feints, to draw the attention of the besieged to other parts of the ibrt S - force being thus divided, 4 column'of three h««J ml S fifty nr^n, which were^o eaveloped in smoke aa not to b. seen until they approached within twenty paces of Je l.pes, advanced rapidly to)the assault A fire of liiusketry trom the fort, for a moment threw them intd confusion ; but were thus quickly rallied by coIonelShort their commander, who now springing over the outer works into theditcb^r«mande\l the rist to fo low cJv mg out, " give the d^ Fankees no quarter?^ Scef; m these detestable words escaped his libs an. S greater part ot his followers landeif initie d tTh! ^1 Z SIX pounder opened upon them u most de^tiuctive fire irll°L ;'«""*J;''g/hcgr;eater part, and a.i.ongst the first the wretched leader^ vyho was sent into eternity ht / '^i\ \y A.' v';^,■■ , •■■ >^5~- ^^>-i k- • ■^a L n-M V jr«- .... ^*Wmi Jr *. .; "'imHH ati^^:*'^"'^'^T ■ ^^tmmv^'.j: ^ ]82 HISTORY OF THE WAR. . W6t ventured. The oLir tiT "P**? ^''^'^ «''»o hwl N • r?*«*' '^t being thus tre^^^^^^^ broken column,%nd a^ain ru«h.J I lu ^J*'^'? ^'^^^ his •nd those who da"ed to fofloi K- *''* *''**^''' '^''«'« he, fate as their fell«noI( ierf Th.?'' T ^"'^ **« »*«"4 played on them, the S Rr.!; k r*"*" *'"'"* ^''« «gain confusion, and n gnhe of fhl ^ '^''^^ ^»' thrownTnto *ed to thewooSs "ahnCpai^ck Sl""M*''*'': "ffi^*--^ ^ «oon followed by thTllZm ^''^'^V^'^'y^^^^ confident of success, and S;tabIehS> tT- ?"'.* ^ *»» «f victory, mostsignilly cha^tiid u„l. J '"*-!f ''^^ "'« a force scarce a tinth of thpir^?' l^T 'i.ovidence, by "cribable took poSion of IL '"'^T- Terrour inde- treated towardsTei trnts scarcXl*''-*'' f*^ '^'^ «■«- *.ves towards the fatai ^0?' Ihil. I ""^ ^^ ''^^^ ^^'^^'' ti.eir allies in sullen silence '''^''" "^«^ were followed bj '. If this gallant defence deserves fhp ... i brave, the subsequent conduct^ K?* "Wlause of the pra.se of every friend of humanh v Tk '^**' ***«^''^*« *he ensued deserves to be denomiiZ/.W ^tr'*"* ^''•*^'» °«^ band,forgettinginamon,eS«M 1"^'/"*- '^^^^ ''«'e ine.Tiles8^foes,^who sSto !! ^^ ''"•^^*" ««*"ed by frarding the la^s of honou !hu ""'^'^''''' ^J*"* »^i*hout re- «ire of rel.eving Hounded^'el TJ' T^T *?'*• °"'^ ^^e de- fu. t to the wretched Had Zl'u ^ «f administer-ing com- brothers, the/coufd not hav/e-? solicitude, i'he whole nth? "P«"e°ced a iiiore tender ing to assuage thefr suSI r'^^^HPied in endeavour' i^ruter, were'handed over the^oickr""''?' *"^ ^"""^^^^ "f , made, by which many of the S' * '" "P^^'^'S '^a* vere immediatelv sunn itrl * 5k '^''' ^^'"^ **''«° iti%ho although a firfng Ls £ uo w?th l^^f'^ '^'^^ ^^^^^^> rt^y, until 8o.oe^time in tt Lh[ tSI f '"^ r^V*^^ «°«- 8»n amounted to one killed anH« '"'* ^^^^^e ga^- the enemy, it is supposed t\^^^^^^^ wards of filtv wev/L„r.A- *V f*** ^^^ hundred. Ud- :-i^: J. I 'I'i^^^^'V;' 7*7" HKTORY OF THE WAR. u >8» Sn*te^lltLn"'i*^^i*^ The Ameri. wl?h X! f ®°8a?ed danng thfe day, in buryine the dead in tli IjS '■^^ i__ :■ ■"■-'■ , .^^^.J,^^..,^^^ ^^^^^^^^^B^ ■■'* - ■■■ mniii^^^^^^^mi IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) k A {./ ^ v\^< A V. / / ^' 1.0 I.I 12.8 »0 1^ 2.2 i 1.8 lUI 11114 . Illll 1.6 « i .-*»., „<(. Sdences . Corporation ^ 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716)873-4503 '^ iiU, J .* U ^tS-Jiil*^ ,)»!> V ^VS« o: ^ U. r miMM a* y-= ^1^ .tJA^ 9t "'t.'i' fSMto, .^/ »-^t=^ 184 HISTORY OF THE WAR: this was much more than counterbalanced by the size of those of the enemy, and the number of their gJns Their fleet consisted ef the Detroit, captain Barclaf "SngLn ' and ^^ howitzers; the Queen Charlotte, of 1 7 gu,«,^aD: Chan n7T.' t''« «*^'^"«"«'- Lady Pr^os't, lieutS Z Chan, of 13 j?nns, and 2 ho withers;, the brie Hunter of 10 ,«ns; the sloop Little Belt, of 3; and tL schooner an;j';!;iuns ^"" ""^ ^ *^° ''"'"^'^ '' '" *" "^ ^"«"'» ' When the Americans stood out, the British fleet had thp ^^ eat her^uage ; but the wind soon after changed, and T|- 'r ^"'T'?". "*'* *° windward. Thl line of batt!. vas formed at eleven, .and at fifteen minutes be- fore tv elve the enemv's flag ship, the Queen Charlotte. op.ne,i her fire upon the Lawrence, whSh she sustained for ten minutes, hefure she could approach near enough ftr her carronades to return. She therefore bore up. makins; signals for the other vessels to hasten to her IbS port, and about twelve, bought her guns to bear upon tfe enemy. Unfortunately, the wind bting too light, the re! majnder of the souadron could notbe broijght up to her assistance, and she was compelled to contend, far two hours with two 8hip8 of equaT force. The contest wag. notwithstanding, kept up with unshaken courage, and a degree of coo ness wliich deserves the highest aTmiration. By this time the brig, which had so long borne the brunt of the whole of the British force, had become entirely un- manageable ; every gun was dismounted, and, with the exception of four or five, her whole crew either killed or 7^A i^\ P««''-y "«:^» with admirable presence of mind, and which drew forth the praise of the gallant officer to ^ whom he was opposed, resolved to shift his flag, leaped into his boat, imd heroically waving his sworJ, pasSed unhurt to elie Niagara. At the moment he reached the ^lagara, he saw with anguish the flag of his ship come down ; she was utterly unable to make further resistance, and It would have been a wanton waste of the remaininir lives, to continue the contest; the enemy was not ablS to t.k • possession ot her. Captain Elliot, seconding the •csign of the commodore, volunteered to bring up the 4r^ ffliiiir' •'■iif '\nif k^ i:^tf-. U It:- is^r* HISTORY OF THE WAR. 185 rest of the fleet ; for at this critical moment the wind had providentialljr increased. Perry now bore down upon the enemy with a fresh ship; and passing ahead of the Detroit, Queen Charlotte, and Lady Prevost, poured a destructive broadside into each from his starboard, and from his larboard into the Chippewa and Little Belt. In this manner cuttinj; through the line, he was within pis- tol *hot of the Lady Prevost, which received so heavy a fire as to compel her men to run below. At this moment the Caledonia dame up, and opened her fire ; 8e<^ral others of the squadron were enabled soon after to do the same. For a time, this novel and important combat mingled with indescribable violence and liiry. The issue of a campaign, the mastery of a sea, the glory and re- nown of two rival nations, matched for the first time in scpiadron, were the incentives to the contest. But it was not long before the scale turned in favour of Perry, and his ship, the Lawrence, was again enabled to hoist her flag. '1 he Queen Charlotte, having lost her captain and all the principal officers, by some mischance ran foul of the Detroit, and the greater part of the guns of both ships were rendered useless. Thev were now compelled to sustain, in turn, an incessant fire from the Niagara, and the other vessels of the squadron. The flag of cap- tain Barclay was soon after struck, and those of the Queen Charlotte, the Lady Prevost, the Hunter, and 'the Chippewa, came down in succession : the Little Belt at- tempted to escape, but was pursued by two gun boats and captured. Thu8, after a contest of three hours, was this unparal- kled naval victory achieved, in which every vessel of the enemy was captured 5 the first occurrence of the kind ever recorded. If any thing could heigliten this glorious vic- tory, it was the modest yet sublime manner in which it was announced by the incomparable Perry ; said he, we HAVB MET THE ENEMY, AND THET ARE OURS. Britain had been beaten in single combat ; she was now beatea in squadron, where she had conceived herself invincible. The loss in this bloody affair, was very great in propor- tion to the numbers ei)|aged. The Americaos had 16« k 1 , ^1 m " *■■ "mm. em^ I -■' ]86 HISTORY OF THE WAR. twenty-seven kilted and ninety-six wounded ; amongst the first, were lieutenant Brooks, of the marines, and midshipman Laub ; amongst the latter, were lieutenant Yarnell. sailing-master Taylor, purser Hamilton, and midsihipnien Claxton and Swartwout. The loss of the British was about two hundred in killed and wounded, and the number of prisoners amounted to six hundred, exceeding the whole number of the Americans. Com- modore Barclay, a gallant officer, wh6 had lost an arm at the battle of Trafalgar, was severely wounded, and the loss of officers, on the side of Che British, was unusually great. Among the officers particularly spoken of on this occasion, were captain Elliot, lieutenants Turner, Ed- wards, Forest, Clark, and (ummings, besides those al- ready mentioned. Never was any event received with such unbounded demonstrations of joy. All party feelings were for a mctment forgotten, and this glorious occurrence cele- brated by illtiininatiuns and festivals, from one end of the continent to the other. It is highly gratifying to know, that the treatjj the British prisoners was such, as to callr fc thanks. Captain Barclay declared, that *' ih of commodore Perry towards the captive yffit men, was sufficient, of itself, to immortalize^ )am.'* We were now masters of the lake; but our territory tvas still in the possession of Proctor. The next move- ment would be against the BntisK-and Indians at De- troit, and at Vlalden. General H^irrison called on a portion of the Ohio militia, which had been embodied j and on the seventh, four thousand Kentuckians, the flower of the state, with their venerable governour, Isaac Shelby, the hero of king's mountain, at their head, arrived at Harrison's camp. With the co-operation of the fleet, it was determined to proceed at once to Maiden: and at the same moment, colonel Johnson was ordered to pro- ceed with a body of Kentuckians to Detroit. These ac- • eordlngly marched ; but on approaching the river Raisin, where tliose scenes of horniur had been acted, they halted $pnictinie to contemplate the tragick spot. The feelingi i >3 i' ^■'■■ {tkf. J ■,*r' '**«"• ;d; amongst narines, and ■e lieutenant ktnilton, and i loss of the nd wounded, six hundred, cans. Com- ost an arm at kd, and the as unusually len of on this Turner; Ed- des those al- h unbounded ;8 were for a irrence cele- ine end of the treatment of i\ fotfteeir " tl*^|Huct o^^SIS and teJ^ini." our territory e next move- ndians at De- I called on a en embodied ; ins, the flower Isaac Shelby, d, arrived at )f the fleet, it dden : and at rdered to pro- t. These ac- : river Raisin, d, they halted The feelings Jl -^ t-^n ■:■' i nf •■r *■Slf"t - m 1^' '1^ ^I^HKi J ^fl^KV . ^'^^itfli ^^Rl.4i^ ^^ ^ -'J hj[l *• ^Hj ^HNf'"' fJH^BHH I^HStA^ ^H V^SfTfTifRT ^t'i rf ■* ■!^ ■s"Tsr"^ »i>''^ '1y , ■»\"i )>. fi 'v'^™»g*>a| ' .( >, vJ ,1:^ ^ ,...a:^l ^hich they experienced on this occasion, cannot be de- j£ribed ; raanv of them had lost their friends and reJa- tiiMis, whdse bones they now gathered up, after in vain atteihpting to distinguish them ; and therefore consigned them to avcommon grave, with the most aflFectmg demon- strations of grief. . , On the anh, the troops were received on board, and on the same day reached a point below Maldert. The British general had in the meanwhile destroyed the fort and publick storesj and liad retreated along the Thames, towards the Moraviki^ villages, together with Tecumseh s ^ Indians. A number of females came out to implore the protection of the American general, as though it had been necessary : general Harr'i^n had given orders^that even Proctor, if taken, should nbt be hurt ; nay, the dwa^hng of the obnoxious Elliot, waSvnot even touched by the magnanimous Kentuckians, wh\had been represented by Proctor as savages. It was now resolved by Harrison and Slielby, to pro- ceed immediatelv in pursuit of Proctor. On the second of October, they marched with about three- thousand hve hundred mea, selected for the purpose, consisting of co- lonel Ball's dragoons, colonel Johnson's regiment, and other detachments of governour Shelby's volunteers. The heroick Perry accompanied general liarrwon, as a volunteer aid. Ihey moved with such rapidity, that they encamped the first day a^ the distance of twenty -six miles. The next day they captured a guard, by whom they learned that Proctor was not aware ot their ap- proach, but had sent to destroy the bridges. On the fourth, thev were detained some time by a deep creek, the bridge over which had been partly destroyed ; and a number of Indians commenced an attack from the oppo- site bank, but were dispersed by colonel Johnson, and the artillery of major Wood, while tlie bridge was repaired. On the other side, they captured two thousand stand of arms j the houses containing the enemy's publick stores, togetlier with several vessels were on hre. On the hitti, the pursuit was renewed, when, after capturing some property to a considerable amount, ^ey reached the plact .%:y -*■% -i^'j iJvSfC'-* 188 'J*!- HISTORY OF THE WAR. where the enemy had ehcarfiped the nigiit before. Colo- Bel Johnson was sent forward, to reconnoitre the Bntish and Indian forces; and he very s.ion returned w.th in- formation, that thev had made a stand a f.w miles ds- ton' and were readv for action. They were drawn up J'cro'ss a narrow strip of land, covered with beach tree' and hemmed in on one side bv a swamp, and on the other brthe river; their left reste^on th« rw.^'vTln'dlani their artillery; and their ri^ht consisted of the Indians umie. Tecums.h, who occupied the more dense forest in ""'^l^i:^^ t^::-were now f^-d '" "ll^ battle. General Trptter's brigade formed the front line, with general Desha's division en potmce on the left. Me- Teral King's brigade formed a second line, in the rear of general Trotter, and Chile's, as a crps of reserve ;b« A Sr the command of major-general Henry. Eadi bn- eade averaged 500 men. The angKfo"ned by Desha • fede an^ Trotter's, was occupied by the venerable Sh^bv The regular troops, amounting to one hundred «nd twenty menf were formed in columns, occupying a Tamrspace between the road and the river, for the pur- ^se of seizing the artillery, should the enemy be repuU- • S General Barrison had at first ordered colonel Jolm- Jo^'s mounted men to form in tw6 lines, >« ^ont of the Ind.anT; but the underwood being too close here for ca- ialrv to act with any effect, he determined upon a mode of atuck altogether new. Know ng the deitentv of the backwoXmen in riding through forests, and tlie little " ^convenience to them of <^"rg,^heir nfies m such a luuation, he determined to refuse his left to the Indiana !V^^ Sire on the regulars, drawn up among the beech f^ees ! th?mounted^giment was accordingly drawn up trees, me .. ^ ,,„ but a short distance m SiTa;, whenTe'mounted men received the enemy s fie 3 'were insUntly ordered to charge, ihe horses in fron of the colu.nn, at first .;eco.led from the fire J but oftor ant in motion, and immediately at lull speea ri £S Uie enemy with irresistible 'force. In one broke tnrougn tue enemy wv Thi.mnunted mea »upute the contest was oter in froat. The mouniea raei^ V-'-' feij^t^lt; ^ha iH ) Pi kittiu->i>is>^ii:i)l^ffl\jeiii^ •mtmmmf- -stp-' ,.•:&* -, ,a t^^i. » * ^ '^t'-'W t< li *0^ "^"J; '% ^^^'•>-' ■'mmmmm*^'i*m 'pf:*m^''^ : ■ ir i 1^ i Bsr HISTORY OF THE WAR. — -" 180 iMtantlj formed in their rear .nrf bJ;. ".^ V"* »»>»"* to mSi 'ai"?hr?'* * destructive BntJgh officers, finding itUn^^M^V f"''^^ ^''«'' «»• ir*t fMrv. Colond S! M H '''««n by Tecumseh with he returned with eK! w^i^e •h?^.?'^''"*^'-*' which ^«rds the point occunied ht 1 ''"'•*^' advanced to- first made kn imnreEn ''^.5°r«"'our Shelby, and at , ^l^ujht a regireK'l?„ilort"* ?k' "^^^ -"-our "gedwithincreasinxfurv. ,ZT;- ^'"^ ^°'"*'»t "ow twelve or fifteen hubdre/*Ji^'!l''!f"' *«*'•« "»"•''«'• of tarn their ground to the iL? Ti? ^K-Tr'^^d to main- • cumseh could be distinctl^toi^^ '"'"'''*' ^'>'<^e <»f Te- "ours^ and althouSlX i!"^' encouraging his war- that of the morass, iherfou^hr'T,*'^^* excepting on «>urage than had evHeen iYtnT;?^"?°'"!u^«'"°''°«d ^n incident soon occuri'ed h^^^*** '° *''««« People. contest Colonel Kon-'ter'*' which decicQ ?he ^e warriours, clusSraro^nn'*/?'^'"** *''"?«* where appeared resolved to K?".*"^' undaunted chief, > hundred rifles were aimed itYh.^'^** ^" » "'°'»«« a' form and the white horsrwhlh K ^"^S"*^"". whose uni- spicuous object; his hoK^dress "^'^'^''^'^ » ^on^^ were pierced with bullets hJ«hni^ ?^*^°"^e"*eut8, «ng a number of wounds At ^T^ '""self receiv-* about to sink under him th^A ^* ^^^^^ '''« hOrse was w ithr blood from his wound! ^*"°§.Kentuckian, covered with h^s tomahawk, fut striS wjl^ .r^*' sprang forward warnpur who stood before Wnri ^^^''P^'^^'^^^ceotthe and «,at moment was h ^1^ 'tJ''^**^ «"• a moment! ^ PJstol at his breast anH^K- 7^t ^^ntuckian levelled ««t.nt, fell tothT^ro:nWh?klri?**^ *"* '^eutuckians rushed "■\-». i».*> m ■wroar o» the win. lihn fell tb« li" boiTrf T^'i*'!,'*""' •"' *»'' «'«> •» • great and a maimaniiBou. cS if.!.^ I'M enenne^ «»-itv in hi. r„.f„."„t"id rarcf^n""™ he could be easilw h;«.^«. j manuersj by tlie former ftemtofVS for-h.''''** «^«° «fter /eath, a.non« ■i^^^^tvlittjp.^.-^p^^4:. } : lM *' .»»,"» ,,,.. r;«. ( :";7i^--*Trr^ -^ , «*roRr or m war. ,„ S*'*^ corae. s, was f2b„l^,°.r •^'pc.oua Lv f^r^ r '=«»vy«»n we ch » V. i:. I I •«. iS&-C fe.*> >- **?* •* C t ■,;^-) rf >> 193 HISTORY OP THE WAH. tified revenge : and what is more, the instruments whe perpetrated those horrid deeds were now at their dispo- sal ;' bereft of hope by this signal defeat and the loss of their great leader, the» savages sued for peace, and as an /eajMiest of their sincerity, offered to raise their toma- l I hawks on the side of the UniteT^States, and to iaflict' upon the British prisoners, tlie same abominable cruel- <^, fees, they had practised on the Americans. But the Kentuckians, to their honour, far from giving way to the passions of revenge, forebore even a word, or look of insult; there was not even an allusion to the murder of their brothers and friends; the prisoners were distributed in small parties, in the interiour towns, and although ex- tremely insulting in their deportment, were not merely treated with humanity, but in many places actually ca- ressed and fed with dainties by the compassionate inhabi- tants. This treatment was carried to an excess, wmich might properly deserve the name of folly, were it not a noble mode of revenge for vyh^t our countrymen at that moment endured in the British dungeons on the land, and in the floating prisons on the sea, where they underwent every species of distress, wretchedness and torture. Nor Mas the treatment of the conquered savages less geflerous. Peace was granted to them, and during the succeeding winter they were actually subsisted at the publick expense. They stipulated to raise the tomahawk against their former friends, but engaged not to assail the defenceless and the non-combatant.* t The Indian wai* being now settled, and security re- stored to our frontier, the greater part of the volunteers wer^^ permitted to return home ; and Harrison, after sta lioning general Cass at Detroit, with about one thoui^aod men, proceeded, according to his instructions, with the remainder of his force, to join the army of the centre at Bufiaioe. Shortly before his arrival at this place, au in- • The British ministers at Ghent, a year afterwards, demanded ni^ i « . IIP a •«■«« ywi non, that an article should be inserted in the treatr '?"' ' in Ikrour of tiicse their quandam alUeB» but who wert at that r I .*• ; tifiie their enemies. ,11 n f" .y;^M '^^''Hf^ JTORY OF THE WAR. 19S , Jrestinj; correspondence between him and general Vin- S?'**4 r;f8 brought on by a request from the latter, that the Bntish (li^onerg in his possession might be treated with humanity. General iiarrison, after assuring him that such a request was unnecessary, referred him to the Sraoners themselves for information on this score. He len took occasion to go into a minute rfetail of the enor- mities committed by the British and Indians, in the morfe ot warfare which they had practised towards the Ameri- cans. He painted the scenes of the^erjlaisin, and the Miami, with others of a similar character, and which general Proctor had atteroptisd to cover by ah infamous slander of the Western people: he at the same time sta- ' ted, that in no single insUnce had the British complained ot a deviation from civilized warfare on Our part j jfor the truth of these facts, he appealed to the personal know- ledge of general Vincent. General Harrison distinctly stated, that, in his treatment to British prisoners, he acUy purely from a sense of humanity, and not on the score of reciprocity, and as there were still a number of those Indians,' who reside beyond the boundaries of the United States, in the employment of the British, he now wished to be informed explicitly, whether these aUies would be restrained m future, or whether general Vincent would permit them to practise their usual cruelties. "•Use then, I pray ypu,»* said he, "your authority and influence to stop the dreadful effusion of innocent Wood, which proceeds from the employment of those savase monsters, whose aid, as must now be discovered, islo little to be depended on when most wanted, and which '^ '?*^,?®.*n^»"8*'» effect on the issue of the war. The cffisct of their barbarities will not be confined to the nre- sent generafaon. Ages yet to come will feel the £ep rooted hatred and enmity, which they must produce be- tween the two nations.'^' He concluded by declarine, that unless a stop should be put to these proceedings, he W9uld be under the necessity of retorting the same treat- ment, which as a soldier he most sincerely deprecated. This part of his letter cannot bejo well approved ; it i«a rareat which the goyernment viitdd not have permitted 1 r * ^■i^i ' ^m' I ~ .•t! * 194 HISTORY OF THE WAR. ■m to be put m execution | retaliation is only jugtifiable as ft mode of preventing a violation of the laws of nations, but not as a punishment for it; this, in fact, places the civi- lized nations upon a footing with the barbarianf The wanton practice of militarj executions, was properly ar- rested by general Washington? but had he proceeded at OBce to the slaughter of his prisoners, it would have caused a war of extermination. There is something ex- ceedingly repugnant to the feelings, in this substitution of the objects of punishment " to suffer for the guilty. in thus causing the innocent The reply of general Vincents was not unlike that of «r Sidney Beckwith, vague and evasive. He expressed himself peifectly satisfied on the score of the treatment of the prisoners, but with respect to the other topicksi he decimed saying any thing; it was beyond his power to giv« an eay«c«t answer; bat he pledged his honour, that to the utmost of his power, be would join with renoral llamson in alleviating the calamities of war. Although generttl Harrison pledged himself to produce proofs of «very thing which he stated, general Viacent chdse to be silent upon the subject ; neither disavowing that such acts were sanctioned by tbc British government, nor call- rtg the trnth of them in question^ they will, therefore, remain an indelible stiglna on th6 British name. CHAPTOR XI. Ikepnratioin for invading Ctnadit-^Genend 'Wtlkinaon tdKs com- mand— nmdezvoas of the American forces— ^General Wttkin- •on descends the St. Lawrence— Battle of Chrystler's field- Hampton's inabiUty to co-operate— PaUure of the expedition- Cruize of Commodore Chauncey— The burniag of Newark- British retaUation. -_ *■■ Thb glorious result #the operations of the norfli-weat- ^^- ern army, and the splendid victory on the lake, opened, #'*. *• il "w i(^ ii" ' HISTORY OF THE WAR. •195 t't 5, werJ'nYA\r".*'^f''"'^V'"^'^*'«» »f Canada. We were now in the situation that we should have been at XrarcTerur''fh*'^ ""'.''•^ «""'^^^^^^^ SiatX Rr:«„h Jj /*'*''* '^**' however, this difcrence, kctiS tr^onl i-***'','"" '" Pr^^« for a defence, bv coU jecting troops, disciplining their militia, and fortffyine the borders of/the St. Lawrence. On ^e other haXl S anv r™'*'*^'" ^r ^'^ *^»^^*«d «»^^« frontier, Jan hadhl.n^^ T"" *?' r*""' "°**«^ «««?«" ^hose merits Mrtof thiTn^-"*'*"'^"^"''' *"*» l?esides,:the greater Se British tS"' ° uT '^'^^''^'^'^ »»«* '*«<^»«'-«d ^inst rie««?KM*r T*'*.P"'»'«'^ '^as now aO elated by ^ese. Son^u r"**°i ""^^r^ **» *»»« westward, that it was four* and 1*****" '^ ^"'''"r ^^^ ** *«»* *««««» '" o»r fa- in «uf?l^** expected that the administration would go about the conquest of Canada in earnest. man af .nf^ "*^ ^*.^*r department, there was now a ^d^liTF *"? distingufshed talents, who had re^ ?S „.* • F ?™® *>';^*'* ' ^'^'^ •* «"» supposed that, from * Availed hSii'rr".'''' •''"•* *•« ""'tar^'lffkirs, he had availed himself of his opportunities to the best ad vantaire. Much was expected from him. In a short tlraeit^s rnt"?M 1r^' ^* ^''' improvements were iTtr^duIS nr!llr **?*';'™''"J' particularly in the selection and f/Zi r • ^''^u*'®*^" «^ the army. General Am edihfiura/^iri"r ^•^'^^'^ p'-^-^^'- front^^wi^h^.T**'' /*****» proceeded to the northern Mt- and whL E *• f Tr**'°°* **'K«"«d in the cabi- der his own «vi '^V?'"r^ '° ^ P"* '" execution un- in iSf S-^ • P? Pj*° " afterwards developed was t?oi nL^ **'T'' ^"*.?'*''* **»» P«'-haps. in its execu! iSnies Al?h®nS*K*"°'"*""* forachSge of circum- mSS ,^'tnou^the season was far advanced, much roiglityet bedone, but. to satisfy the publickeinecta- ^^^^0%^!'' ""^'^ "^7 ^*^ "^^^ raUerfy^'ite success of Harnson, was scarccfy possible. Little short butv^e1S/.^?r**^°^ V'^''* would sutBce, and d?ffiJ.S?r. * iL**^ *•"* "**"* <*f *»»• enterprise, and tiie SfatlSStS^ encountered, p^vailed throughout tlie great body, of the nation. The people in this country. "W '>.■ ft,« i^-^1 ■-"V, ?•««♦/ -r. ..,.«►%«;.(■ A,'a A, ■a- ^ > t ■*■ "fel m vfis 196 HISTORY OF THE WAR. like other sovereigns, are unfortunately too apt to look little further than the success or failure of their agents, without much weighing the peculiar circumstances under which they maj have acted. To the desire of doing too much, may perhaps be attributed the misfortunes we ex- perienced in a campaign, which resulted so diiferently from our wishes and expectations. ?SI ^«;Mf**'' ^^^ resignation of general Dearborne, general Wilkinson, who then commanded in the southern sec- tion of the union, was called to the command of the Ame- rican forces. It was generally admitted, that he possess- ed a greater share cf military science than any one in th« array. The general, on taking command, issued an order which gave universal satisfaction? and it was expected that, for the sake if firmly establishing hi« reputation be- yond the power of his enemies, he would endeavour to render some signal service to his country. The force under his command, on the Niagara, amounted to eight thousand regulars, besides those under Harrison, who was expected in the course of the month of October. General Hampton, a distinguished revolutionary officer^ had also been called from the sooth, and appointed to the command of the army of the north, then encamped at Plattsburg, and amounting to about four thousand men. As the season for military operations was drawing to a close, it was determined to lose no time, and measures were immediately taken for carrying into effect the pro- jected invasion. The outline of the plan which had been adopted, was simply to descend the 8t Lawrence, pass- ing the British posts above, and after a junction with ge- neral Hampton at some designated point on the river, proceed to the island of Montreal ; and then, to ase the words of general Wilkinson, « their artillery, bayonets, and swords, most secure them a triumph, or provide for them honourable graves." It is said that a difference of ^- opinion existed between, the ^neral, and the Secretary at War ; the former not considering it prudent to leave JCinpton, and other British garrisons, in the rear } while the latter seemed to think, 0iat as there was no dottbt of taking Montreal, all the posts on the river and lakes «w '"!.> %'•* ,5 mSTORY OF THE WAR. %^- ajove that place, must fall of course. The correctness , whw/eaMtung cannot be denied ; but as tliere is a de- ^ of uncertainty in every human undertaking, it is uft- wise to make no allowance for some possible, failure, and not to calculate the consequences? excepting indeed, in those cases, where the party, like Cajsar, resolves to be great or dead. «„Z?® *T^1 ^^'^^. *'**^ ^«" di'stribnted in different i^Sf ' f. j*at;oned at various points, was now to be CTncentrated at some place most convenient for its em- K. tir* o *t'* P*'"^'® Grenadier's Island, which lies between Sackett^s ftarbour and Kingston* was- se- lected, on account of its contiguity to the St Lawrence, as tt« most proper place of rendezvous. On the second of October, GeneraL Wilkinson left Fort George, with the principal body of the troops, and soon after riched the island, where he occupied himself incessantly in mak- ing the necessary preparations for the prosecution of his entemrise. He several {imes visited Sacketfs Harbour, at which place the troops first arrived, and after receiv- r!S]?!Il°*''*??*r^ aapplies, proceeded to the place of r«T«T;ri v;"'"'".''* ""? *J"adron» and proceed to the island. Colonel Dennis was left in the command of Sackett's Harbour; and the general having provided a sufficient number of boats to transport the artillery through Se St ««f-!* ^^ *TP* *'*"* collected, exceeded seven thou- sand men, and were composed of colons;! Porter's light . artillery, a few companies of colonel Scott's and Ma- comb's regiments o(^ artillery, twelve rtgiments of i*. ftiBtry, and Forsythe's rifle corps. "« oi in- «iilir!"5r'"*°V^^''l*''^'* winds, which prevailed for several days on the Lake.lt was not until £e 25th tha* fte trmy could get under weigh. The gene^^at (hjf fcti^"*"*^«^^«««r«^ •"?«". notw,thrtar.c!ii,g wlS he still continued to direct the movements of t& mnv A few days before, he received intelligence, thatlhe ena- ^-4^j| r-_l_ , V" .. ■4t ■:-'.J.'„»fl ^^^§ite#*:#-'-'':-. HISTORY OF THE WAR. my, in conseqjience of hig departure from Fort Georee had also abandoned that neigb'S.urhood, and was S S!?«? ^'*"««°t«ti»g h» forces at Kings^, coJceUC which Lrfif. ^'**'' f **•* P]*" °f rendezvous, and Which, frpm the circumstance of beinK oobosite the mfMt proper point of debarkation on the Ca3i^fd?lS; complefi^ deceive the enemy. GeierdBrowp: n"f a . brigadier m the service of the'^United State^Z oZV ed to take the command of the advance of tlFIi^S th,8 place. On the first of November, a British^^ul- dron made its apnearance near French Creek, w?th a large body of nfSmtryj a battery of th^^ ^IteeJ • Fanning, soon f^ced them to retire. The attack was I^dTl**""*."' '"°™^"^ but with no better succJL" S^/no5 V"'!r*^*''"P* «*^*« ^^y «ow daily arrived fr^tT^ *••* -^^^ P^P*' *° "«^« ««■• «n the 8iith,Te army was put in motion, and in the€veningland<5afew t"Si?i^*"* '^^ ""?!!!• ^'^^'^ ^^*^««>"- After ^oJJir. tnng the ^sage at this place, and finding tiiattiie fort commanded the river, general WUkXnson*^ SJected Sie fixed ammunition to be transported by land to a si^e pomt below, and determined % ffkeSdvMU« directed the and to a safe antageof the troops were srd Uie boats m. Availing evening, the . unobserved f n shining, he a heavy fire, t the tfotilla, ntil the night wn the river, 1 exposed ta t not one out iqiury. Be- ifely arrived • ras now diefe- }■: '^ I ¥' m HISTORY OP THE WAR. 199 . «f 7i A*"*".^ ^^ ^'^ *•'»«' havTng penetrated the* de«i«rn the MmLnjI^n -!? f*K'5'™»"'«"*> «>« "'ness of !».«. of .& ""'■""■le^Cchief wJ'-JiSET' .*' ik # -' 3 ' •iWhrtJ^ > A #» '4n R< XfM'> HISTORY OP THE WAR. Bart of the light artillery, the riflemen, and the sixth, fifteenth and twenty-second regiments. It was not lomg before he found himself engaged with a strong party at a block-house near the Saut, which after a contest of a few minutes, was repulsed by the riflemen under ForsytKe, who was severely wounded. About the same time some ot ih^enemfs galleys approached the flotilla, which had landed, and commenced a fire upon it, by which a number of the boats were injured } two eighteen pounders, how- ever, being hastily run on shore, a fire from them sojmi compelled the assailants to retire. The day being now too far spent to attempt the Saut, it was resolved t» post- pone it until the day following. At ten o'clock on, the eleventh, at the moment that the flotilla was about to proceed, and when at the s|ime time, the diyjston under gen^lBoyd, consisting of his own and the brigades of generals Covington anid Swart- wout, were drawn up in marching order, an alarm was given that the enemy was discovered approaching in column. The commander in chief and general Lewis, being both too much indisposed te take the command, general Boyd was ordered to face about and attack the approaching army. The enemy's galleys had at the same time approached, for the pQrpose of attacking the rear of the American flotilla. General Boyd now ad- vanced with his detachment formed i^tbree columns, and ordered a part of general Swartwoutrs brimde to move forward, and brine the enemv to action. C^ooel Ripley, accordi^ly, at the head of thi^ 21st regiment, passed t*ie wood*^ which skirts the open|;round called Chrystler's Jeld, and drove in several of the enemy's parties. On entering the field, he met the advance of the British, consistiuK of the forty-ninth and the Glengary fencibles. Colonel Ripley immediately ordered a cbai^, which was executed with such surprising firmness, that these two regiments, neariy double his numbers, were com-* pelled to retire ; and on making a stand, were a second time driven before the bayonet, and compelled to pa8» over the ravines and fences, by which the field was inter- sected, until they fell on their main body. Oenenl -'ft ' u /tf; *!l ^"W^*^^^!^ ' ■■*,, "-.■ ' t .V- ■ ■ " .-■', ■■ ' • ^- .,' ' " .'■ -\ ■.'" ■ 'ijf'W*^''"'' ^ - 90i HISTORY OB THBf WAR. " S . Coyington had , before this, advanced upon the right of the enemy, where his artillery was posted, and at the mo- ment colonel Ripiey had assailed the left flank, the right . was forced by a determined onset, and success appeal scarcely doubtful. Unfortunately, however, general Co- vington, whose activity had rendered him censpicuous: became a mark for the sharp-shooters of the enemy sta- tioned in Chrfstler»s house, and he was shot from his horse. The tell of this gallant officer arrested the pro- gress of the brigade, and the artillery of the enemy threw It into confusion, and caused it to fall back in disorder. The British commander now wheeled part of his line into column, with the view of capturing some pieces of artillery, whidh i^^ere no longer supported. A body of dragons, under the adjutant general Walbach, attempt- ed, in a very gdlant manner, to charge the British co- lumn j but from the nature of the ground was not suc- cessful. At this critical moment, colonel Ripley, who had been engaged with the enemy's left flank, threw his regiment between the artillery and tlie advancing co- lumn, and frustrated their design. The Britisir felt : back with precipitation. The reeimenta which had bro- ken, had pot retired from' the field, but still continued to keep up an irregular fight with various success; and the twenty-first having by this time expended its ammuni- tion, and being much exposed, was withdrawn to another posiUon, and in the mean, while the enemy again at- tempted to possess themselves of the artillery. One piece was unfortunately ^aiptured by them, in conse- Suence of the death of li«itenan\ William S. Smith, who commanded it j the others were brought off by the cool- ness and bravery of captain Armstrong Irvine. Tlte ac- tion soon after ceased, having been kept up for two hours, by little better than raw. troops against an e6wA number of veterans. The British force consisted of de-" tachments from the forty;ninth, ei^ty-fourth, hundred and fourth, the Voltigeurs, and the Glengary regiment Ihe enemy soon after retired to their camp, and the Amencans to their boats. ' -^ ■ii \^ my 'v da\ ^ ir % i*"?':-.-*' ' ImN" -^«'.»- -v^' '\( ' '^-'"'■^f;: X ■>>l vv ."V* f HISTORY OF THE WAR. 203 In this battle the loss of the Americans, in killed and wounded, amoanted to three hundred and tTiirty-nine, of whom one hundred and two were killed : amonff these -were lieutenants Smith, Hunter, and Olmstead i amonn- the wounded, wiere general Covington, who afterward! ,' died J colonel Prtston, majors Chambers, Noon, and Cummings; captains Townsend, Foster, Myers, Camp- * > bell, and Murdock; and lieutenants Heaton, Williams, ^^ L.ynch, l*elham. Brown, and Creery. The Briljsh loss could not have been lessthan that of the Americans. -^ Both pariws clairffedtlie victory on this occasion, but It was Moperly a drawn bi^ttle ; the British retiring to their enijampments, and the Americans to their boats. Perhaps, from the circumstance of the enemy's never again assailing the American arinv, it may bl6 taken for granted, that they were defeated m their object. Gene- , ral Brown had, in the meanwhile, reached the foot of the Rapids, and awaited the arrival of the army. On the eleventh, the army proceeded on its course, and joined the advance near Barnhart. At this placeTthe commaa- - der in chief received a letter from General Hampton, which m the most unexpected manner, put an end at once to the further prosecution of the design against On the sixth, a few day* before the battle of Chrystler's H^ld, the commander in chief had given orders to gene- ral Hampton, to meet him at St. Regis; but soon after this order, a letter was received from eei f,*-V; — •LI r r """V", w oi. n«gi9, wiiicR reaaerea it im- possible to transport a greater ouantHy than could be earned t»y a man on his bficfc, he had determined to open a communication from Plattsbui^ to Cdnewago, or by *ny other point on the St. Lawrence, which a»e com- mander m chief might Indicate. General Hampton sometime before this, with a yiew to a further movement or his troops, had descended Che Chateaugay river; about the same time that the army was concentrated on Jjake Ontorio. Sir George Prevost perceiving this movement ■V;v ^m^i •f -.A' ■<. ««l 804 HISTORY OP, THE WAR. 7 il 1 1 %w be' towArdi Montreali had coUccted all his force at this . point, to oppose the oiarch of Hampton. On the Slat of October this officer crossed thf line, but soon f«und his road obstructed by fallen timber, and the ambuscade of „ the enemy's militm and Indians. A wood of considcra-.* ble extent would have to be' passed, before thej could reach the open country^ and while the engineers were engagqdin cutting a way through, colonel Pui4ly was de- \. tached with the light troops and bne regiment of the line, to turn their flank, and then seiM on the open country below. In this he^succeeded, and the army by the n^lt day reached the position of thf^ advance. But it wu discovered that about seven miles further, there was a wood which had l^een felled and formed into an abatis, and that- a succession of breast- works, some of them well supplied with artillery, had been formed by the main , body of the enemy. Cornel Purdy, on the twenty-fifth, was ordered to mardPibwn the river on the opposite side, and on passinje tn'e enemy, to cross over, and attack him in his rear, whilst the brigade under general Izard would attack him in front. Colonel Purdy had not parched far, when his orders were countermanded ; but. on his return, he was attacked by the enemy's infantry and Indians, and at first thrown into some confusion, but the assulants were soon after repulsed ; th(gy. came out at the same moment in front, and attacked .general * Izard, but were jsoon after compelled to retire pehind their defences. General Hampton jeceivinginfortaation that the enemy were continually reinforced '^— '—- ' — the advice of his officei|, to retreat to a f« he had occupied SQmelayB before, called ners, where he arrived on the last.da-^ The British claimed a victory for this a say was gained with a very mferiour force, not the intention of general Hampton to penetrate to Montreal, but merely to divert the attention of the Bi|- >m the army of general Wilkinson, with which it intention to form a junction some days aftert Having accomplished his object, he feU back to positionigpface h% could, with greater facilitj^ mak« ley But it was i'., ,«e %-^,'. S*r-%/wu4->\t *>, \Q\ <{ -%< 'I #< .-^a:. Vi., ..»^ .» .« : HISTORY OF THE VAB. , jq, ^e ^.^2 df ^"..""'•r "^ "" '•"'"Star u •rte^eI3 H^mS^i* ''^ eompliMce. On the recapt te tt^ «Si'e?'„TCT, *^'"i*» w. much divided^, been adopted, hj seizklfe a favourable position on tj! . ^nttoranH SPr"* ^f*^ ^o^'^vinces would haV^ fouJw^ ^^ ,i.! "*'**£ ""P^"^" results would have toa^^nti?l^K?'?' ^^^^\^'^, was too far advanced , 10, attempt it with just expectations of suoceas It i« h^ 5ri«-K *^'^u'*^Lf*"****'°8''»J «dtbeptremrth6f the The Sj^rjfS'^*'*'?'^ ♦^•^ »' J^'d beenluppised! J Ihe presence of the secretary at war, for the purgbse of ' . *o ■ ^s I ^J' I*"^ ^ ¥''4.. lA m ^% •HlSTORyOFTlifi WAB. 1 i %. L'*fc V' I nJH>8 more ihiunous than senncrtikirto^^LP*'^* Commodore Cta»nw iiT."?.?. "* T "^ '""^ of provisions. After beine reinforcMl K^f « P*"5-™PP'y he again sailed on a croi^^^Sron fh/ °*''i^TJ*''» tem?er, discovered SeBri«.K - *i® "''*'** "^ ^ep- gara, and itiStt^r sSS^t^slrw^ ceiving the Americans, made sSl to th« nol*' i" *^'." en»bl,d t8j but owing to pursuers, he was n the fourth daj, having a breeze, ired to close with iftheenemjrtak' tn squadron had running fight of ed; but the next r the American not think it pni^ with forming la iritish sustained ns was verytri' tfaesevent^eiffli eavygalewhieh was compelled ped into Kings- kett*s HailKiUr. '*rd8 Niagara, ^ ni^ng pustid jicingliiin, in. rT:4isu -*.^ I- ^ k -^ * p^ / parts'" J mSTQHY OP THE WAa^ w (#''■; 21"!!^?^^^ If ««:««tion, that ih^ «ttl to that place, as fast as K.^n*'' r"'*^*"^ >»«»• «Jonld permit; and on the t tiSJ, » ' **'N ^hooners s^ woming, discovered the eilrmf ^''®''*'?*^» «*'-»r in the J^inmedialeljr stood foHS^ 'Vr'j"? ^"^ *« ^JJ! DjrStrJ'ames, he stooil m.* - j ^ "" ^eing perceiverf *he «»«Awaiii but finS?„.^h^ endeavoured tS Ee to »^upon him, tacked hbl^^*''" >*"«»« ««* c^us- commenced a well direJtedX^S^'" pT^»«'««S an4 cov^r h« rear, and attocklrthe J. ^ ^t*' *" '>»»J«'- *«. «• paawed to leeward • thiT^ '^**' '^^ •»« opponent as »an«uvri„gofCratcey rbS.Tn'"^'^'*^'^^^^^^^^ we centre of theenemv»- - '^ °e*"ng down n line on »to confusion, and Y?/im,3L*^??' :'^^ ^^ th^Z »»efore his ship' had binTi/**!?'^]*.'""* ^^'^J* but not top.«Mjstand mainyvlof T^Vvilf "»*'» T^ 'ni*en. w»e British comraandri. «,* -^ *"* ^ere shot awav • keeping dead b^^^ ^^d ^ "'^^ tl* foremasHnd 8^ter part of Chauncev? innf/"*'''*'* tooutsiUl tS^ fontuiuact until thmJoSk X p'r*. T^e chase w^"^ tow, and duriiig the erSrl^ ?^^ t*-^''^ "'e Asp S »«««» of the enSv's sS? r.?J!- 'f, *'» ^"'e, wiSiS •on, sadlieutenaJtBXn of'^^'n^.^* *« «^ ^SS" «2f*'«*«'«'<»ewith{hren^v K^*"**^'*' "»«<* every Tfce chase was at length wLSi *"*.' ^»'^'»"' ""ccessT •■ tohtow almost a^e *nW i^'^ «*'*" "P* «« it canl »« with the enemy gfo'tS'* ""?."« ^" no fope of clS^ *2?-. and witffi^^^,J'>»W reach the ^tikt^C «J»»odore was jastlfStiSS ? T"*°« '^O'^. "iJe •ffiur J although the eLm? ^ *" *^"™ « victory in toil certainlj beaten: wS^f'^*''® not captored, toey weS! eo«ple(i»;?.X' c^milo Jr*'" ^^« »' ole mCn? gjrness to^lose wfrCthol* S"""*^'! ''"* ^"^"^ •>•"««- Y^P;;; ?» •«**»'««» to the wneS** *'!?^ ^ff^cted tVeir '*« siasy ; '«fr«ndered him*Sr! }ii I'. «»..(■ 208 f «ISTORY OP THE'WAr. ;'^w. *-^ ji.. < % — w 'I '* X«'!1?!I^^*"'*7*''» ''^ occasioned bv the burstine aJd wou5d'.]r"'?K''^7JS'^'' *^«»*y-two i/en were S5jf and wounded J the total amounted to twentT-seven ^U;?r' r." ".r"* i^^^ ^»* «? « her hull and nS ^Shortly after tKis affair, the wromodore h" in/K expedition then on foot, was advised to continue to watch utToKlnirn'^'^rK' »??j:'fr*.«ibIe,tonrev.ntiW turn to Kingston. About the beginnine of October, the commodore again chased the enemy's^fleetforseieral^ dajs, and forced it to take refuge In BurliniforBiy A the nex morning, on sending the Lady of th? Lake L reconnoitre, It was discovered that Sir James hadtoken KiSf «S,*he^"'^ne«« of the night, iSdesciH^tS Kingston. Much pleasantry was indulged at this time, at the shyness of the BritisTi Knight, aid 'his Sffi escape from the Lady of the Lake? The chase wS^n^w came S^iiX ' /^r""'^ l^ "^^ '^^"^' «>« comTXI ^.SSPtSll fT^ schooners, and captured five of ,iii*5^, in spite of their efforts to escape bt seoaratinir Before sun-down, three of them struck to tWp?kJ»nfl another to the Sylph and the Lady of SeUk^^^ fifth was afterwards cantured by the Sylph, lley timed . outtobegun^essels,1bound to the fieJd of iYlake 2 TK^\ ^r **^, **" ^e« the JuKa and GrowJe" which had been lost by the Americans. On boar?were three hundred soldier, belonging to the De wSteluS ' Jeo. »nd the Royal Georgre, had suffered viry consideii! mS7i.r ''*"" lo8s1n killed and wounJed cSS- H. r« • ''5""T./'"""«** "i»ter of the lake durine the remainder ofthe season. uunog i.r!i?" "°* 'r« ^*^°"' S^e consequence, of leavins a I W force in thejear, and withdra^ng the troops frSm ^ Je Niagara wei#felt. General Harrifon reachS K - Sli/f *°™S ***yi *?^r *^*. •**?•••*»« of the commande?i ^ chief , and was to fo low immediately, but was compeUed S;*!!*!;""*** wme time in November in consequSof the deficiency of transports. It was not untif genial Wilkinson had gone into winter-quwters, that l&rSon ;jii: 'i/>i«&*j.'it ' -.-^ari.ij&ai., "m^^^^M: * ■ ' i burstijue 'trt kHled itj-seven. id rigging, ving com- ect of the i to watch tntitsre- »ber, the^^ r several '.^ ton Bay f\ i Lake to ad taken leaped to his timey V ingallant was now nmodore ' d five of )arating. ike, and !) and a f turned slake as i^row)er» rd were ittevUle r James istdera- Com- - daring ;i4. kl aving a psfrom edBuf. nderin npelled enceof Senoral irriiD0 HISTORY OP THE WAR 209. ,^M|||, 1 'tit Geoige'untU !^SZ&turr4ht TJ '"""t/"^' der tfecommand of wneKci, J if- ?^ '^'^ '*f' V"" entirely of militia Sa/. !■ "^* hw force consisting pired. By Ae tentr;?n **••"/ ^f "'ice had nearly ex! «i M«CIure was ^.?L5T''"t'''J??^ <^''^« under'gene- consulSof offi^"1?^ * handful of men, aniKn a this place was no S\^^^^^^ H^ certainAd iko* *u ""S*'^ lenaoie. It was moreover as- sKle Vort xKL^n''" "•'^<^'' ^ith »"o^- the river »^Zh • '^® JS^n^ral had scarce y time to naas precSETbyt alf Ui ^te^f a'T''^^^''^^ '^'^ »'«» h regret, and whirh «^^2y.^™*"*^^'?"**^•°ce'^- A^>ughoi the Uni ted sSLs ThT"^' dissatisfaction laee. aituatpH LtL- j- * i P 1* *^"*'*e '^ a handsome vil- sSi:KtJ^rki\i^^^^ ■ besiege«. an aJSiritv^Ji Th'.T'^ ^'^^^^ f*^°"^ Secretar; at mrji V«« jf fc!''^°^ ^**" 8*^«° '^J^ the defence if thrforttoTJl^jr^?.*'^^''^^^ ''°^ th. mean, preven? t'utX^ Lt'&r^'il *•*** ings, and left t'ri"agT?ntf 'l^^^^^ sooner known to the itoSLUm^Tti: -x * **^* ^^'^ »*> disavowed. On thes»?th nf ? *' *''?'I.'' 'J'** Pro"aea. lo this, an tovernour of r!n»rf» ! February, was given by the Sit he had recewJd VsuE^^^^^^ the burning of X torrSrllT ** P^T^'ration of /^ ^^.'J t^ "* ■^'.t<'^^- »^^ SlfrJ^. ♦ t"^*"*"*^ «;overnment; he had already in- fleeted a retehation sufficient to saUsfy the vengeance rf ijecember, Kort Niagara was surprised by colonel Mar. W, Witt about four hundred men, an/SS Su^ison yearly three hundred in number^ and pnnSLS^^l* l*ds, was put to the sword j not more tCtS S • able to escape. The commanding office^caSw* f± !;PPlTu*"i!^"* ^"^^'^ Bhamffully igl?S ortJ?: •ISlJ?^*^'*^*''* *"''"^J »»« '^w absent at tee tSL and had used-no preqiutions against an assault. MaiSS possessed themselves of thisllace, they^ia .ftSk? \Wp,t ■>^ m HlSTCmr OF THE WASL< nj^ P^dedt^\^^^^^ ^^'.^^^ ** B'«k Rock, ind pears bjr his proclamation o? the twIfftY^Ti' " *P' his intention of « purauinTm! UtZl . *°**,'»« 'declared whether the confla«S? ;„,i ^^u""^ ^ ^«" *» **. '4 4 ^i^t*^^^ ^'■';'-> 't '.. it* fir feS>' '* W m y< ,« HISTOIWPjOP THE WJ^fU jQiat it shduld be expiated bf an exteoBive scene of mur- der and conflagration, wbich acconlina; to^the admissioa of JirOebfge Prevost, amply elnttea the vengeance of JBritaiil} but our extensive sek'coast of fifteenliundred miles;' find our populous and flourishing cAties," must be jnven to destruction and pilla^* to fill up t^he mieasure of British retaliation. These thin^ will, boifr^ver, be de- ^tailed in tiie proper place $ but it is difficull^ to avoid an* 'ticipating events so closely connected with the present. ' ^ CHAPTER XII. ikieeting of Congress, and violenceof party spirit-Measures for carrying on .the war—Unhiiendly deportment of the New England sUtes— The subject of tetaliation— A committee of congress inquires into the manner in ^hich the war has been carried on by the enemy-.-The war gaining gr($und in the United States. On the sixth of December, the congress of the United , States again assembled. The fever of party spirit had almost reached its crisis, and the debates which took place were more distinsoished for virulent animosity^ than had been witnessedsince the foundation of our go- vernment. It would be improper to enter mfhutely into a subject, which had better be forgotten, atany rate ; but in this simple narrative of the events of the war, there is scarcely rctom for such a discussion. 0'» 'the one side, we find the opposition accustfll'of manifesniu; a ipirit of hostility to their country, and a determined opposition to every measure for carrying on the war, although at this time, from the peremptory rejection of the Russian mediation', there existed no hopes of peace. On the oth- ' •r hand, the party in power was accused of having ruin- ed tl\f country, destroyed its commerce, involved it in dtbtg which it could never pay, and of being e ngaged in vii \ ' the «Sir, WM sure to 'inv^LI^ T"""* ^^ respect to wuseg, and thrsame di«r»!.'" '* * ^"""^^•'••tion of ite thej pewstiS^bjTpetS^^^ ^"•wed until measure pronosed Vnr aI A''® <»PP<»>tion to every upon tUrSltSIlnA P-T:?"*"*" o/hostiRties, tumea Bj 8ome?t waVdeniedZt «n" *"** ''H'' *»"** ^«***red. ?/r tSn^lt^S?-^^^^^^^^^ warm and fften ll^T?""'^ Notwithstanding the •ubjects ^ve rise th^Stn?"''**"'' *» which Ihese the war cfntfnued to be cirried hvT'"'""' '^ '•"PP^'^ "^ some of the New Endwd^gfaiV"*!?* ""'J"^^^^^^^ I« carried on in a sniH? nf .„• *x*'' *''.® opposition was «»riousr4rSint'hrbrLteTf7i;'^' ""^''^ occasioned. wa8ther?notconfineno th*?^"^^^^^^ " directed aitainst th« S2 i ^ «imimstration, but was now disco^red t£? fh^J ?1^'"**'*"*'*''» »<«*'f- Thej t^ insure th J^happ nes ' iid^Srl' T "."* *^*'^"'»*'^ to lead Great Br&To itie^r C ."he/*' *"«^ *» • lor a separation Tk-o^ «*eneve,, tnat thej were npa "eans/reeUhe-con\trenre"X"l'I^ ""' '^ other parts of the .United States anS "T?»V'*° P*""*/ *» great masA of the iuln«i.;- r 5" certainly not of the were ex^^ed ^ffXsTur^i^K"**'*l^^^ "^7 was about this time adopted "nd t^^^ *"?'l^' ^'»»^'^ waasaid, was infinite! vm^l*- "*® non-intercourse, it England thlo;S,i^SeTS?rw"»^"P!**^N«'^ minstration wa* i»non-!S i? i'?.*™*" * and the ad- */ in repl^, thatZs^Kn'S^C^^^^^^^ ""^ •»^«* • trade from the northero Mrte *•« Canada lines, and the British, was carried oS to ?„V^. *^* connivance of the ?^5^r '«•» lu^d 80 much haraL J Vl; -^ 5. *"* '^'*** ^ '•'i^l ^ ^,^ it "> S14 ''^Sroav OFTHE WAR. ■^', * ffi' < i insufficient fc ,^ Serefo "'T'^ * 'i'^^*' the^e were to gubmifc to toMtion Lh ?'»^' ''"pMs of the people therefore <£,wSTthi«/'^^^^^ ?^*° ^^^^J « wm "Wlitj to declfre it w?thn„^ V*'^®'* '^**'' °'"- havingth* hyatilities, anJie^ussJn Pd^*"'*f*"f ^*«»'» «« of peace for a cWSetW ****"' ^*P* IP "•« ^^P* to the people w^th^l? P, "^^a^^res disagreeable or rathrKed^rb^^^^^^ «rf^ the war had also unexiiwllii • *^T «»P«n»e« uiilo(Aedforrever82of^i^l^l^.r'^"««*' ^O" A*^ rendered it necesS^ to ^Za *? *''® westward, which consequencrof C^.!!£^-^ fleets oa the lakes j and in I«opl|t:j:intti:t&rcul^^^ New E^n? sesscd ourselvea of i7«^« Vr .*^""°'** "»<* we pos- doubt bS^t we sho«K.K°*?*' '^*'« « ^^'•J »StE the war, wd T*was not »„'tn''*il^"*^ ^* «'^*'y«« ^ WMin tbatQuarteP ?J.»?K 1 *.^ discovered our weak- OMtter of L mLk " Canada would have beeo a •fce could have nohSe A? -o * '^•»«'"«'^e proof, that «S»of the amy C if« « ;?"»«««••» of Wling SI h«m found tSeas J «nH ®''"**^ «^ enUstinglien^haJ to prove that tie wwSrnj;:; *?" an argument in usej .r ut^ ror, from the anwiUiogaeM of mjo, -4-; 4-- HISTORY OP THE WAR.* A*^^ without beiiHt nnred h,r ♦!,.• "4 ' rl^ eo,2ffi ^^ ^^i "ec^ties, to enter into . ^' number of j?ar8. l?elStio!^ ^T*"*"" .«»»<»«" for a . from oar long state ofl^S k /f *?. *»"»ted soldier ▼ailed upon to enlist rSt?^^*^'*" «ouW be otT v!, mpchanfeks, were wilu„. * '*^*'"^" »»»» and the v^^ ^ ^ opinion coold be suWnS' T^^*^ °/*'''»*» ''•fore jwnmon soldier durinir owr ?««: ^® Profession of the the inconsiderable foJSsW^S ?**f «? ""^ on account of « the estimation of thJSli" '^''*' ^^^^ '"'"'^ ^erj tew almost proverbial of a la?r ^oAm^^^^J'?*^ Boldierfi^ n>ode orcomhafinn. tu- ^ worthless fellovir. THa ««i ^ag?nt Ct?C''.r"'?' ^•^ *he offTrin.. of exTi^ bS'to the cSpidVon- Sirdf,,:^^ Vr-I ^"'^ o«U Ml excuse, and to overcZIfKo '".*** ^"'"'"sh them with th.9 mode of servZ tKu?trJ^Pi''*'"rJ"^ agaTost valent, that the oblf«atfonro? fZ* r " T* ^'^ alsf pJe: a species of slaverVrVn;!.,*''® ^".'"ted soldier creat^ " . ™*I *»« 'ands, to a considenihT- ^ ""^^ bounties was confidently homsH »m.i i 7° '® amount. This H- ^ About this ti!ne a^eV^nlL^rSl"*^" fje'desired effei * ted to the consideraSn nf ^"^ ^"'a*'^* ^^» submit: American soldier^^'Ske^atthTK^^ TwentjTrie in the autumn of 18 2 were i.^*'i^**^ Q«^«en8 tt» 8iibject,atated, (hit he had bMndi«»JlS»IE.^ • b.u« found guST. «d thJ Cw?f,i':?S2llJ^ et^;4,:'5Shft.r£o^tySS onthTnatu^of ^k' ""/•P'J'' *"'■*'*»''«*« animadvert nL«:« k- ***^ *^® procedure, but could not helo ex- pressing his surprise at the threat by whichX SSS governmeiit supposed the United^Stites coiw be a^S tS^Jt} *•"'* A"^?"**^ "'»8'»t be addressed to the S serable nations of 48ia» upon whom she has been in/Se Sti iiS;;*'**!!"^ ^^^••y -pedes of lawless videnciTbuf ^ rW Ikif °"'^ "^'^"J***^ *« '^iken ^sbUncrOet: ral Wilkinson soon after inforined governour PreS that, in consequence of orders he hal rec5 wd fiSi^hji government, he had put fortv^ix HriH^k ?Sr^ ^- °** £em.nt, (S be detarned uSit S st Id fe^J Sa^ the American officers were released. OnX recSii i: t^' tlMH g^ i; Ameri- cobfiiie-'^ in* Go- 9 apprise lijtMtffer Street . :ert"ajD4 ' tdlfeth/ •aof tb^ S'ven to unmi. ican g^-< leitient. nadvert lelp exr |l^i,|:c« ^ A. -i^. ■^ I J1.U_J ^w^wTiS^Si^V*!!^^^^ •'''^•••dd all the Aiii#ri«.» <*ef BBl,, thM i, ju ij^'?*; J* y^ »a.we«d on a«^ ««7d «iy origKtaUssrs'..' ^ ••<»«« »» . :*;*l •/ ^.S^-^-r^:*^' " (\-- 4''.#?4k^g.. p^l^ 5** \ ':*f^ non , but bow can we admii^e them, witboui tdthtlSL tnne4le»pi8vijf ourown noble in.titatioMTThi»«I5«!!3I of AmerTcan iTbertj i., that no iM^i Sn» AlHi £d that allegiance w a iwtter of diojoerwt fore?.* Si however we ra ght uijavoidablv give war. wlwreJL^ terfered with the riavish pracficM of Xir»!SJ? 1 oaght nerer to approve th* windilf ?.!♦ ^!^"» ^•• tended, that -ccordiortoJEI Ja,S!f « ?** '^''V^S^' indeed it be oontlndid, Stl^rT thL Vu^a!^ •'".*^ Would she not think herself bound to protMt Sr i3E«tl ed wbject., whom she solemnlyandertajSa to JlSSt Jg«i«t dltlieworid, without e.iS? If tfj^ i»tate9 alone naturalized foreimeri. tii«\..S- I»%jkl^5r^ re|Jt on its principles;, buWhrS Xnhl^l'S^jSS: .W r^ ""iiT' ''i^ has a right to ceTpldn f a'SS tn pouit was adduced, toshew fte practicS Stha Bn^ eagiged la her service a regiment of^ French euimn!? to serve against France, thTqueatioB wi^lSSSK^ house of commons, whether ther shwldSSS S 1 ^th, and It was agreed that socJ wo«& haw W their dutj. They went much further thaTSe AmeriS fr!?T"V |-»«»'Mulgrave decbrS^^S ^ «whUehe had the comSiand of SSfiriiSrSSiJ^' Toulon,«»d the French, who voluS^tScJdjI^.^ w?t r '^^' ;■>»"•; !5 B*'" •■f^- >:'ii ,^' HDBraOBT OV THB WAB. 'v,. ato .altu^tuAf vmler the aathority and inviUtion of his in4« iMtyVi pveolamation, h^ had alwajri considered the lat- ter a» entitled to the lame protection in everj respect, at the British troops. Thus it appears^ that both In nriaciple and practice, the conduct 'Of Great Britain has ieen similar to that of the United«6tates. ** -^. .fFhe reaultof this debate was, a determination to ipMiiKtain with firmness the positipn which the admiois- tratien had takc« ; arid if Great Britain persisted in the feli resolution of rendering the war bloody beyond the enmple of modem times, as tiiey had already rendered it most barharons and ferocious, the United States must reluctanti J pursue a course to be lamented bj every man of common humanity. Somewhat connected with this, :^n investi^tion was set on ibot, as to the spirit and manner in which the war kad been carried on bv tiie enemy. The report of the etmmittee enumerated the various instam;es, in which the Britnh military and naval officers had violated the Inewn n«^^ of civilized nations, in the mode of prosecut* ing this war u^nst the United States. The massacres on the River Ksisin, the depredations and conflagrations Ml the lakes, before there existed an^ pretext for retalia- tion, and the barbarous warfare of^ the sea coast, were •poken ef in the strongest terras of indignation. The war IumI been condncted, on tiie part of Great Britain, nearly oeatending with an indqMsdent nation. The treatment of American prisoners was the most cruel that can be ima|pw»d } the horronrs of the prison ships were renewed ; ■everal hnidred mhappy wretches were shut up, without K^t or air, in the holds of the ships, and thus transport- fCd screw we Atlantic, stowed together like miseraUe (AMcau, ia the slave trade. In this cruel and unneoM- iM*j t^iAsportation across the Atlantic, manjr of our oountrjiAien perMied for want of air and nourishment, and altejipenenced siiff^rii^ almoit incredible. This tret^BwICt mu contrasted with th%t received by the firi- ■M ■ IT » r^m^. ■i* %' % ,^ -^iS VJ ^ "ui.»> Cif^ "St .1 «20, ciared itself satisfied^ fr«™, Jk ■ *. . '■°* committee d*. ttat Gr..t BriWn hL5"S&"J'r "^^iAt', most (l«graBlro«nn«r. I!S T '?»'*"'• of w«r, in ihi ! w the enemy's acts w^ T-^L"* ""** e?traordinarv the unfortunate AmeriSn^ fh^^"* '?*'***• «<»»SeS2t her before the war VnJ ' ^"? '»*'* '»eeB kidnawi^fc^ and, on refusing to fiehraJ^„-?T,,'*i«^'* *»'»« AmeriS^^ PeJIed to underJoSamf l"**,***®* co"«»trr, wero com- pnsoners of waf This was ?„*r? " >f ^^^7 M SSi ««e upob outrage. "^ '"'****'> accumulatuig ou*: ' Preten*ie thatthrweren^ /"^^^^'l *h«»» under 2e f7 submitted uS sud, altr""*"*** ^"^ ^^^ ed to be the slaves of g1«^ I ,1** r*^«««eed d«S^ 'Aj other monarch, and oj?^*^** ?•"*' °^ NapoteoJ!?, ed to be called Am'ericJns P"**""*^ ''•"^*» ''•^e W-i*' •d.tltli^srS^^^^^ 1-dd.eH.. Wfre, althouSh nXgtFthe^^^^^^^ the de^cSSi^ jf Wterferenee of the EmLronr of p '"?' P«>P08ed, tbe further thanbriagin/tK^J!- .^"f"* extendini no orSottenburg/ita^^ government, than accepteS , !mS^S^^ ^""''» ^ «» wiMionera who were afreSttn rI* •****'***»» to th» com- •lan mediation, the nre^X^i" *^"*?'P»' •»«»«••» the !«. Jonathan Uuasi^'ISd'XAo.JuSr*^ ««»^ gSJ, •f peace, and who wonXr S^"* " f<»n>"»io«ett !«"«. >ittIemore Wm «LTfi^l*'^"'^'*>'<»ottM! *han to shew the7ince" tv or^ffr'^WS'^' from S, — trpe^e, buttSJ-Ji^dfct^^SS^BSug^^ 1* '•' ^1' -iB ** ' 'WWWMW v^ il? '¥f\\^^>v ^■'f'^t .jK-yj '^WTORY ot THE WAR. g»«r"Sj5St^,*J,VS^^^^^ the «e aonductV the enr,J^ S A^r*'^ «a'iing ground j •"'•eg, was such as to awaSn i T^°"*«"*'on of hostile 3« ; and the rqectioTjf tte t/^^^^^ «d many; who confidenH JV jw'*]* mediation ataaaer- otme home to the fisef inoT «?*J^ ^■'* .obtained at tea cUimed exclu8ive^bi?S/*'**?'H«n»tion, andweS been the bi^ fl!Z ^^ *''« oppteition. as feiv nt .1^!? •Wmed excTushe^Tr"SJ*' *^* rH^wtTonrand w7S been the ^pl'o^^tZT^^^^^t;^^^^^^ ?mt those who^Ifc c„„ ?.5^Sl^*S*"4 eamplained, that those whnm It "'^Bntish actually w ^"»«nca, should S^S^ fc considered her frienX , jused them of faithS,S,I\tr ?»'^'^'*!">««» i a«id a" fijLr;'"'"^^ their i"vnft;Snt;i;'?"'*'°'=^» ^^^^ ^ for the men in poter ffih^ overcome their proof ^Qf nationality, sJcir«* mSl*?'* '^w a delightful ft^« Britain he««fr " fi," p^S.?'!" *^» "^^ted ijhon so receotljr'comVwed ^f f '/**"«t "*»' ^o™ « •tates, not jet perifectly EnSLl *'»l!P«'»<*eot jarrin, virtuous man to rddce J SL 7?' 't becomes ever? however he „^y^^kVZ*.«ood fortune qf his coun?r/ . wees every whei^i.I!? *?'"'.** *' the farlike aDneail t taindsofthJy^*fe^». interested the a^K ^»hei TheliiJSJj'^^^f,. ^ew.., of being dis. »H*Jtpreadiiig. TheCbLrf? 7 Pursuits* #a8 .te^^**" •* iSace, and ZLJfiPP^*» 'T^o bad been wdostnous avoStioni. <»uldn^?i'^u°*'''"Pi««' '« their But man is every wheri T^tZ'^:'??*^ «"'»'»««f' gwt long in the midst ofiSfSK ^''*''''» ■•«* «"not teen difficalt to predict, tMSl J* '^'*"'*' "ot have ^^'^*>. #; # **(.ii -•''m^a • ^W^' ,*'* 'iitm It >- « "•( ^ r.# fiAt H^STOflV OF THf Wi^' CHAPTER XIH. The Southren ww-Massacre of fort Mimg^Bicpeditioa rf Irjd.««8urpn«d by general Cocke-B^pedition of ^L Floyd-Cnt.c.1 situation of general J,K*wn^Di,fi*t rfti^ Indjana-The qreel^a totally defeated at the Ho^eXS,^^ , ^G«««d Jackson terounates the C^jfe «ir. ^ ^euTT Our a0airs to tfce southward, th^ reader willreeolleetk Northern armies retired into wii^ter quartern, t&^ ^ pub .ck attention was kept alive, by the^intere" ngSJenS Xetnir^Tlfj^^^^^^ f ?"* Creeks,*d«Sl; opinir ^''*'/^*'^''P«°P»«»»«d*t length dedaifeS In consequence of the threatenibir aoDearaneM f* fl4: South, and the hostilities which Xlad?*1I^iSr Jf the Indians inhabitine the Snaniali t!!^*]!:- -l! ^ Mitchell, of Geor«a?vU!.qTrSb^^^^^^ war, to detach a frigade to t«e O^mV^l^e ^ZX& purpose of covenng the frontier settlements of &e state! bovernour Holmes, of the Mississippi territoryVwls kt the same time ordered to joinabody of militia £othrvi£ Mobile. IntnecourMofthe8ujnraer,the8ettle«intha ^ vicimtv ofthatriver, became so much alarmSf^SS ^ JSIh^.'^TIk"*'*'.**^ the Creeks, that the pLteTpaS abandoned their plantations, wd sought iSweia^ different forts j while tiie peace party amongst thfcreeS! had, inwroepIacM, shut themsefret up in fortiTiSt )vere besieged by their countrymen. ^ ^^ ^ Ihe commencement of hostilities waa wUnesacd U 2'eM^%Tf"**r'S^«"^«"«» tharcitfoSdSj the history of our Indian wan. llie settlers, from ^ imperfect Idea of theirdanMr, had adopted ."irlTeilS^ mode of defence, by thr^'themwlvWhitoiSSfSS '**** A'i* TO-'-'-iN i»5 1*- '- (m t umm^ ^i>*.'. '^m^ - niSTOKT OP TH£ WAR. f» ; y»UtiwiB^*t great distances from eacbatter. «i the y«. noaa branches ^f the Mobile. Earlj in Aawrt T^ SS:K.*f ^ Indians intende^d S ^KlitS ? V JK*f* "«»««.8tation8, and destroy them in dataU Th^ St fi^ Iftich they «ouId attempt, would^Llrte iTSSLr^ S**'** ™ the Induins wese abrat to maka 2J^konA«poat,butunfortunatelytoeKt«ea?en«S ISS. rf ♦hi 2*''»'"»'*'g- Dttnngthcmomeatarjcbntiw^ &„^k ******""» *?•"« preparations were ma^e forX £2^V ''"^it *«««» that it wis almostimpossible to ,i^ S *?-rSf^"* . ■ ® *«f * '^^s coramaaded by major BcmIv; Jf the MissiMipni territory, (a brave officer, and asH^f Ti^r^^'^^H^.'j^ '^P®*^**^,) with abont i hundred v«I iHOt^ underliis command. By some fata^itv nnt«iA •tdn&g the warnings he hadreSd/he wZ/notrffil «iMte,tbirtieth, at noonday. The centinel had scK tima to notify the approach of the ladiani S,f?TJl nishedi with a dreadSSlJell. towards t?ePe,thicht2 Wirfe open;, the garrison was instantly under wmsan^ the major flew towards the sate. withl^«!»^u^ * • length clowd, after great alaaghter on both nfm.^!?. . The Indiana now for a moment withdrew* aDDan«fl«i . i^eartened by th«r lots, but oa h^hl^SS^lt ^irchief Weatherfofd, they retorned^* «f JWraad *^t.in, itS ".t^*^t^^?' ff"'^''** •elves of the cfmntr^^^'l^S^^lP;''?^ «»*«• ttothingbut the basest iirS«tTI?^*te."8btowiier»«- tbem, under the Ss%SSw J7'^ '••^* ««*«•«•* ^1 V3 ''% .:^^a ,»i'SW'f«2 «ww*3^';. ^.mmmm^v.: £VJ,.v,,.f ■.-':";S''- fltjf" ■voAl MMtlttect, bat 'f»f thesitva^ mate womeii veawakeiMjt, MewholMi^' v»f»ti thui, :ieDt toh^ >es nolHbleetl »» spared b# > the yonii^ nscritninat* sven roHhed ing over the the work of sons Qf all fHendljrlii. lick caused >1 catastro- Dhabitants, offftncicNd «ir endea- species of who w^ , *8,) wei« tn is little howsonro uniBoveiif>! e againi^ un of our WSTORT OF THE WAR. iV. 'eir owv ^ themv owBere-r* actuated • be TeQ. ■on and intijof ,# lUw Credu. On Ae second of November general Golfee waa detachedi with nine hundred men, aKainat the Tal- , Ittshatchea tMgs, and reached the place uiout da;f-Hght the next mnmoig. The Indians, apprised oi his ap- aroach, were prepaired to receive him. Within a short 4i*tei>c^of theviliacethe enenky charged upon him, with a boldness selAtai cusplayed by Indians. They were re« , milBed, and after tlie most obstinate resistance, in which Ihey would receive no quarters, they were slain jalmosf ^> ie4 man, and their women and children taken prisener^^ ^^lliere were.nearly two hundred of their warrkwrs killed ' bi tUs affitir. The loss of the Americans was five killed « and fort^ vmmnded. Late in the morning of the seventh, a friendly Indian 'broi^jllit iatelligenoe to general Jaekaony that about thi^- I'ty mdes below his camp, there were a number of Crtdcs f aellected at a place called Tallede^, where they were **^%ngaged in besieging a number of friendly Indians, who , invst inevitably perifh unless speedily relieved. This |r afficejr^ whose resolutnona were as ru>idiy es^ecutedas th^ ^ irere formed^ marched at twelve o'clock the same nighty > mk the head «f twelve hundred men^ and arrived wii '^ mites of tiie place the next evening. At^dni(^' again advanced, by seven' o'clock was wirain ajmle df f'^tt^ enemy, and immediately jnade the most U^icious arrangements for surrqonding them. Havin|»€pproach- ed in .thie manner almost unperceived, within eighty yards of the Indians, the battle commenped on their part tritb great fnry^ hot being repulsed on4ll sides, they at- tempted to make their escape, but soon found tbiemselves enclosed; two eompaniea having at first nven way, a Mace was left through which a coosidenible oumb^ of rae enemy escaped, and were pnrtued to the mountains with ereat slaughter. In Siis action tiie Americaii kas wastihteen kiil^and eighty wounded. That of the Creeks was little short of thfee hiui4fed» thik wMe force ex- ceeded a thonisand. H. T^ -^ji J ..f, 5 General Cocke, who eommaaded ttie other division ef tile TenAefSee militia, on tkeelevenlh detached general White from Fort Armatronto where he was mcampeA t^ iw^ 'J. B-"'4 ^^m » . .•■\f^- .1 '*. L- (.if m H18T0RT OF THSyVVm ,U- •da town •* ^, ,*'-'^' «.«'f*k4''-»'*^''" ■ -v't;.-^ r-si?.-'- ii»«*«l HISTOEt OF THE WAR. 227 humimi v^loote fr. from Tenne,^ 'Ta'^'^H *«^* . jwreral hBudred friendly Sn! li*°** '^^ *"«•• •»/ ^, bjr^neral Coffee ffi numSrof «%.''" * «» j^neJ «t(he sane time of relieVinir PAr*^ i '°^°» *"<* w«8«ltobethreateneth^^„^?^^^^^ which try. On the evenim* «f *i.I V 5 . ™® *"*•»*» coun- -dn from aw^a^Ss^i^S./S'*^ first, believing him- of Indl«ng,r^S' i"w4l^Z*^ **^ * laiiieSody .placed hiiiself inTe*heat^ifS! VPI*^"*^<»' a°4 time in the niirht: we of hi. ^^l'*^ '^?'^"'^«' Some that hehad «te^ tTeVnem^T: mTefoV "'T^**°" their beingbusily eniraired iJ genS J.f . °5 ?•*** ^o"* and children, it^w^ZiniSii *7*/ *•»*■' "'omen A«erica«uirf ^Id dther ^t? ^'^ discovered the before moSfe WhSe the bSS^ **' ^*\« *» »**«»? wadinew, they were vlJ^l^'^^^'i? *? *'^'« «tateof flaiA aboat^JJ?thSmi^ ***"*?'* *»" *''«r left , . i«2»a. 'Jwa tSrhoweve^^^h^-^"^ *" r"":^ «**■ ftiat, general Coffi Sri-I^^J^fr!':***.** be a infonnation thS^r5ould^of^{/*''*5***» '«*""»«» ^''^ without aSi™ , a Slf an honr Ci***"* *** .•**«»l»t >* when the enemy wmmlncS . fi. Jr^*'^*'®*^^ **»P«»d, left flank. It aeWthTv Sd inte^**S^^J*" JacklSK ,J^jr confusion, but £*S?''2iri2te*rS ^wBton's cansimekis left - ^4^ ¥■ I 9J' 1^^ y ''%'':i^^^h'^^. ■ ll4.-& kf 7^ •'.' ' ^ ¥i^ s*'-*?,-^ iJl!!f»«c««. BWTORT OP THll^_ fuHr arranged. I„ this nl. *?•*'* "'^ »f portJiX 1!? perfectly «e^re , the asSf! ?*^ ^Jff^deiSd SS»^^^ , J?* being exposed to aJeuw"? T*" «*»* «PP«mS #iS! breastworks, was litUe short JJ*^ *"« fendowjd by- the to l»« the fi„r™ ^2^ *• w>le of ft. iSdJ?!™ «Mt none rf^ij;^ .hoaKJ^ k*™"" '» "«!>« nwmw w« kept MP ^Z^aiTrJ^;^''^'*'^^^^yt^£ ventured to show theWBlJ&m*'*'' the SSj the n^n time, generS rISJ^''*^«r deftiM:^ ^^ a,* I '■ ;-'-^-_ ^^ l: HiSTORY (W THE WAft. £31, 2;2g^^vi^ weje obliged to remaiiiS order ]K!£S^*.SP"j »•:« wrogg the stream, about one ^dred jArdt wide, while »ome plunged into the river! ™i?«l?r/^***^ part embarked, landed on ?^*'"*'*f'''^ the ene«y,1ath^Sh v;*»per»tum inspires, were cut to pieces. ThJ whole XS;^ whSZ!;',^'***''*,;^^"'!!"^«^ thepeninstlari^; •ttwed with the slain. Five hundred and filtv^wn fri^iTlj'**"^!; ^^'^ *^"»''» *«t« the riverhyl^rir t^^i^ S^d^f.T"'''' and children were token tSaTdon,K i°*"7" twenty-six white men ChmkSs W^I^ «:? fft'*^'^" ''«""^«d ; eighteen Siv Creeki^illi; J*";*^"^ ^"""^«^ 5 ^"d five T?»:/^^fj ••***••"*' «**^«»wound(«». - wJ^ Th^^j**f "*J® ^"^'''7 P«* «n en<» to the Creek romnleTX^SL";^ ^"V "^*'^*^« «*»^'<*«d ^^^ ^«e wuwn w epa«rM;,5"''^l*«'^ «?«* in considerarin "*7T' *<> restore aliik?"**''***'* *• A. 't' " "W"W» " ' «#ia^ ^'^Jed, and tSL V «8T0ttr OF THE WAR. «as CHAPTER XrV. 0«»er.llJJ^kin«« retire, to PUtUburgwQen. Brown mi^Ae. to the N«ir«ra frontier-Affiur of La Colle-Excrtion. of commodore MTJonoogh to create ana^l foKse-Contc.t.for •upenority on Ufe OnUrio-A««* of Oiwego^Beath of cotonel ^oriythe-Colonel CampbeU> expedition-QalUnt defence of captain Holme.- Serioiu crUi. In the state of our •ffairt-Commodore Hardy invule. the northern iea«oa«t^ Take. po..e..ion of Baatport and Caatine-Gallant defence of Stoninyton— The John Adam, deatroyed. AvTKft the failiKe of tht campaign against the British ^prov,nces, the Northi,« ar«y SinTin winter quar- latT^r^'pnrnf'yu"'**'"*' occurrence, until towards the mwfL «i , 7*"""*7- G?ne«» Wilkirfson had sob- poats m bis ^inity, with a view of cutting off the com- munication beWeen Upper and Lower cSnadaTS however, d,d nW mejilJi;;;i^robation of thrsecrete^ at war: who ga^e orders that the American force shoulf Pl.r?''2r" ^'T i? P'***'*' P««*'°"' »"<» atationed at . l^T^S^^ff^S'^l^r'^^*'*^^^^^'' Harb4«ttering cannon. Thtf Sneral, in obedience to these order&er destroying hia rracks retired to the place appointed The Bri?th. apprized ofiiis movements, detached a large force under colonelScot of thelOSd, who destrojeftlie pSk atoriM, and pillaged the private citiaens! but on hC^ of the approacb of an American force, retreated in th* , most precipiUte manner. The whole party suffered S ; Z^'a V!'"® «»«»* storm, besides losing upwards rftwohwdred deserters. It ia about this time, tUt de- sertions^ became one of the serious difficulties which the iSlJ:^ to encounter : their custoui of permitting their l oWiery to pju nder in almost evi>ry in«tangtf, mft? .= I.* '■.,.■1-. ♦ i'^^.'a "3 *>■ ,M V^ f-v;; X »,'*t '^I' ■ SS4 V^nh a view nf J- . 'r ^"^ purnoa. IV ""'» ™weroiJeR fj"^* at the head J«^l"^* ^'Vra V/ **'^"* B«»wn!M **« Canada C l*t«"t four^hJuSL''^'"'^*"^*^?^'^ /•cached U c 'i^' V.'f eaemv^s giriJ??*/^^"- After dia^ fund imnSSwJ* *■'* *« P«4 the ^L °**'"* o^Si , uojier generaJ bS " *^« "ght j and #K? A'^""»*«d, orderetfto taE. . ? . ^^ ^'le lift ??i "* ^^"^ briffada iKie,wa8pJaeedSi.tL°"'*«'«ct«oin/^V^^^^^ whifc ihese arrautempn^L"** command nf^ ^"^firttbii. •mttm^,>4%- '■HBWAir B ^•" »n tneir service B? ™en» crossed *J «t?»e house rt * ,^n eighteen poii«: Jhe nature orthe -^aod a five inch »,and ,euleii«n(,. "•e distance of *«Jdthirt.enS '«t«5«t, white - »aftb,firttjbd! ■-eralAl^^omh: erjr opejded yj,,, earned, xfe ' fi«5 from the .•breach, al- '''"• Captain Bttient oTth* '.iK \fl <& *-li'_i;u mSTORY OP THE WAB."^ 935 jeeoad shot bad broken his thigh , his next officer Lara- ir*;i*^-*5!;*!S:«^ *^f *?°^ 5 lieutenant Sheldon kept 2£^..^hi11?:i***ri*V^*»«^''-» wd behaved in a ^^r« ^If u*'"''' *"^ *''« P™"«e «f b« general. taM^^S^^T"-^""' perceiving that the Amcri- SSS/^I^J^ bombarding the houseTmlide a desperate JhSfhilr*™ 'LT ^Ja'^edupon the cannon, in JlB >! « repulsed bj the coveriig troops, and c6m- pelled to retire to his fortress with low. tt being now tildinrwht'^'^.t" "*''* an impression onthisftrong «omm»S:i ;"*. •'^?"* .r"* °^ ""««"»» thickness, thi commander in chief, caJling in his different parties feU back in good order. The loss of the Americans in this affair, was upwards of one hundred and forty in killed «d wounded that of the British is not iScertained; The unfortuMte issue of this affair, and the failure £ nu J w r*T'^'.''r8''A8*""»' Wilkinson into disre- Krw *^* P"^''*^*"- ^P* ^'^*' *»"'* inbei-ent in the ^.1 « ^^"u ^''*!;"™®°*'" *be hastj and harsh decision nr, *!?k'' • *^°"?««*«d character of men ; it no m?rS ^ than ff tv ifn?ih?*-S* r'»«V^>n'nitted by t'en million^ itfaJ^ ** lifflividuals. Men are oftenVuined in pub- Sn#- "*!I"l\.'^'" ^^'^^ "T"' «•• for uncontrollable w. VtnlXl "f fl^'.^'\'^ '^'f^^*° «»«^»ted to the highest pinnacle of celebrity, for actions «fliich may be iStter considered the effect of chance, than the test of merit! The admin.stratlon,yieIding to the popular voiceVthouiht selv'^*ir/K*.?*'^"*'"«^'®*="'*'*" presented them- \ tit Atilri^-n f °°r^.' T'P™*"*' *•«* government of fc^Tho^ •?"'?'i*'' *.? ^'^^ "^'7 ^« boSrof the war! rhe seventy of the climate on the borders of the St Lawrence and the lakes, to which our ty ros wtf c ffe; quently exposed, and their want of knowleWe aXxn^^ rjence to render themselves comfortable in*Simn: X the causes of fatal diseases, which carried off a matJJ number tha n Jfell in b a t tle, ^ h e p ropb rU oi ? 4f^ ^ .♦'« u»«t iw d.*^„„ .Hi. un.:;;^;^^ "kt ^ '% 1 t-^Hi 'it \%^ f 1 ^*, another, as --^^ .' *" ''•e necessarT m»:-^?' foment a Pracdce, the fnH?"- ^« had yett h?^**'' ""''««• a «"«?, which® """**'* n»»nutia „y *?'*«™«»M*potiB c*8. ^' *V« ?./""«« «ccordinff to Itu *''* ?"««« of tfcT formed ? 6ur"u7aF.'*"''* '^« "P^ct^S.j'S"*' ?»« «'«^ -^ "•struction whi^h *k -^ *""*» «nd reaaiV^ with that of HISTORY OF THE WiOt: — 7 4; •>M ssr Sf iSffi^*^ tje enemy across the creek. Tor the purpose J«WWflinB the Muadron, and at the same time to in- jHp?^* supplies, which it w« cApT, at the entrSice of sttio7Ju%!:r»L:i^i«L?!i^M'?^^^^^ sam( ■■■!■ T X f^'W "" ** "'*" '^'JPpOSed Wuuiu ui wajW-^ater, for the purpose of completing its arma- Snlnf P^***"" Ti°'-°to«i Of the li^ht artillery, and lieu- ttnant Cassin, with a number of swlors, were ordei«d to SmAfr*'!- ""^ the battery. Indications being at the Ssf ♦?« S discovered of an attempt by the enemy to as- ™1* •1^***''^.'.°.*''® "»'■» S*"e"^ l^avls, of the Ver- mont mihtia, called out part of his briga^, in order to oppose the landing. At day-break on the fourteenth. *pr«T'"/ir'^I?'^?"^***.*"/**?'^'' "Pon ti»e works, but were so effectually resisted, that they- were compelled to withdraw from their position with the loss of two gal- lies, which thev were obliged to abandon. Soon after, the whole Muadron moved down the lake, but not with- out some skirmishing with general Wright of the militia, ^A^ITTl^ ?"r^«gton. Commodore M«Donouj5 ifril^IkP*Jl*° bring some of the American vessels to S^LJAJJ*^"'''"''.^."* "•? ""t^'"* n^i^^^ had di«. ' •?»»««» before he could attain his object. .While the naval preparations were making on Uke S./^""' J?** "V"**" •"** «P"°8 ^«" *^ en np with the-pj«parabongfor a contest for superiority on Lake SS:.i J*"" Bntish converted it, however,^nto a con- testinbu. Iding the groitest number and the l^t ships. A|Ki<»gston, a ship of extraordinary size wasTiuilding j ithiJn.S^*"'* '""»'■' *""**«*' " *'>«^ had done wilh o«wr nations,tosupenourse*man8hipand valour. Com- S^?r;^^""7^7*l "°'*«'' »he Mcessity of building jMiditional vessels, for the purpose of maintaining as new? ly as possible an eaualitv uf foVce. The enemy SaT, hX ^ff>^otj iatw W Wi t t endeavouring^ i,e^ uer1ttS r- ";' A ^ * .1 ?&! ^. '( iiiAfc .^;i^V«l„J!•,Ili^.,.:. 1-, SS8 rfiiffroRr (»r TBB ^ { provided wi£ til* rnlSf S\i ^ ^ tfie enamy'i hpnts, wBverti dftyt; the jinexpected and nOIant rMi£»!l!!r ^ ^ tl * — — ♦■» HISTioRT Off THE VfABL shbre,aflter being gallantly opposed by Ueut*n\nt SiS SSKr*fi?ttJ^*"? L flank, and did great ejecuSnT- Hndingftrtter rwuBtanceuselesB, lie i«U kick, httatd hit tTBopa, Jrid t**k op hi8 march to the FalkTofOa^ deatroymj the bridgcsin hb i«ir. Hitherto, totheSSS Dreia^le ^ppointment of the British, the naval stores had "ready been remoTed, and all their trooUe, and the I^^Zf f**^ fustained, procured them nothing more tlian a few barrels of piwisfonsand some whiskey? This was purchased with a lo^ of two huAdrea andAy-five meta, m killed and wounded ; they were certainly ftn- ' ?i.:«i? *te.^'f*«''J^»,^»* *»»ey never thdughtprbir to te^ The loss of tte Amjjri<5ans wastixtjX in ing officer, lieutenant Blaney. ' . *^ ^ On, the evenine of the same day, a liart of this force ^ JEJ:2r'*1*'T?fy!*"^' and JUan^S thfpublick storts. Theinhabitants were unable to^pel thj inva- ders, who indulged themselves in their usual denreda- toera , when general Swift, of the New-York militi^, op- teSht^ .X'Sft.t»*'»»P«rtof his brigade, pot flieSi ' SJ^^ihjilf ???.** T^'t***''' »^earing that the Sqpc. SJiSfiilit*?*? beenlaui^hed, Sd received & S«K!?*«?^"*''l* *"'•'!'*"•'* '^roJteopthe blockade, and T^^^l^S^nfu ^"^l^ernr ship, theMoliwk. ' E^ntidSi ^^ u" *•** ''^^* »«"* *» »•»« ''O'Jid have to •l!IK!l'^ ''*''•*»"'?'"*"*» fr""* the same place, it * ^^^J^S^l "'"^ ^"^ ^"^""^ had dHUppeSred, to Jraiw«rtjiem by water, and avoid the expeJie «nd d^ lay ofland transportation. To deceive thTenemy, who^ hjd numerous g«n4K.ats hoverinp about the d^fe^t J ~!il"P"'^''** circulated tb^itwas intAidedto ' S^ISm, ^*^ **. ^"^J^* "d majpr Appling was |»tehed by general Gaines, with a detiSmfnt to aTd ■ «pJ»inWoolsey in their defence. On the twenty^S i« , «fMay> captain Woolsey, finding the coast clear,75c£' -J 1 ' '![ ■«•* '4i \A i iilk.^t^k»f~' . a^ Wf- *^™«^ OF THE WAR^ JL, l^v 4- ^ '4 ^rf ed tfi6 village of Oiw««» k, Tfi«inextd«j they reached q^S' J?"* ^^**» ^e '«k«. w§ It a few miles. liSM?AJ*"i?^ ^«^. «»d ascend' gun vessel*, andNmmeSSJ^^?' k''" J**«^y««^ by w^^ »nd captain H^Cy dete^'^'lS^f Major ^pS an ambuscade. AsU &"**l. *? *''»'^ thenf'in^ pushed their gun.bAtsandi:?tp«**"'5f*^» «"» •»«»? party landed tnd ascended a?o?j;i!'Pk*^*, ^"*^' "^lei^ cans now suddenly S^2.*'lt '*"'''• I'heAmeri- mpments/after one fire by wkCT ''^T' *»*» »'«» * fei' killed and wounded, SeXh?" * T'^rom^a, w^ era, consisting of fouMilfl '^*^.''*" *«ken prison- lieutenants of n,arE Zi """^ *^ *''« ■*▼// U^^^ raen together wT^Vei? boa!« ^"S^--*? "«* thi^; l^pplmg, for this affair wm hSj ! *j'*' *^''**e'^- Maio> lieutenants Smith, ffintTsh^ clT""^* tUl''" «ffi colonel ForsyUie, whoM been * ■!??!![ u*^^ ^^?^- .***'»°8 ■»«*« an inotarsion. aa ^ Odelltowo, I* attacked a party of the enemy, and watedwithaviewof drawingthemintoananibuscade; / ;w ' V u*"''"*!®'^^ succeeding, a severe skirmish endUed. ^ "^Jl^^'f^^l^^^ofih^^eaemy were killed, among thei^ f!«I?l*'** celebrated partizan officer captain MalBux, a C^WiJn^who was shot by lieutenant miev. After the JW.«^'?J^%t^ Ap. .^#enerai ^wn had, in the mean time, reached the Ni- Mua frontier, and it was expected tiiat tiie enemy would mwamediately expelled from the American temtory: »ttt his sitii^on did Hot permit the attempt, and with ii S'T'rtu^^'Xr.P'''**^/"^^"'^'^"* tJiTnquilfity pS! I^XTM^d be uoM^r to paw over in sileni^, however, an Oglr which took place in this quarter. Colonel Caip. SH.**"^ *^* Lake from Erie, with about five bundre\I men, and^landing at Dover, a small vUlage on ihe Cana- ^«de, proceeded to destroy tiie milts, £«ther wM^Se greater part of tiie private diyellings. llie expKn •nur, though otherwise a meritorious officer, watsreativ rtprobated, a court of inquiry, at whkTgenSaflJS yesided, was in^titutpd.^ iVe court deciledrSat tiS l3*^"?r °^ ^ 'l"*'"x«"«» «d mills mi^th^justi- ' ^il *^*t r**' ""^ ^'^ «» *»»*/ fi»rni.hertl«Biitisl» 2^u^ h'J^L J*" c^ft, although excused in some^ J?2«^jff *''* "ample of the enem/. in the destruction 1 ^te/^^^es m the Niagara, it wits nevertheless cw- 21 ' w^. I .!(*• C'-y fff iJ : US .4 J»" WM "liflMted trPI^Pw induct rfS^^iJW^'i ^ur^p.'s^?'' n.l':fc w«ta^"„^al ."V A:. . , ."*,- :(^-r^ks^ ^^»-^.#'?^^ 'S^ Jactof cpionii eJSS.- the women and cwt i« e»ui,|,l4j of j^J foment tniii«pfred *«»ng once more i? *n«to^tcoIllKyte^ the Britisir fS ,^?fvenil officers; ?«.*«• About tfcS ^«ptain ^olmeT ntered,andS? ?« party, felU fJW«pHrpo^ ^ BritiiE ■s^' ■Si.- '>''-., 1IWT0RY OF THEWJO^, ^ .»>» nnf^/E"^ *" *"?^''* .••«»• *hen retreated, takS 2fftfjL«^**'' "'*''■* thanaixiyor aeventymen: laS ^cje^gabout U mile., discovered their m^iin bodr 2™37«^k-"^'''* •*•"»' ^ ^'^'^ch he immediately^. Sin tdli™*^.^*'^''"- H»«ng di«SSy hi. £T«r. k •"*°** J«o followed .rerdy ti~ySLiL*"**T°^ ?{.**»*'«• «ffi««« ««t down, th^y re^ Jred to the woods, within thirty or forty pace^ and the^ fe«f ""^'*, ^'l? ^** *P^'' onTotKJes The knSlXt JhfJr ''^^ ;".T*'-ed' were ordered tJ peel, that the brow of the heights miirht assist in MreerT }«; *em from Ae enemy I biu the e?emyW™^ MWiftaent, a .ingle tree affording no Siiter^wStoo^ w^ iaqaas that stood together. On the other sides. th» teTijiit'^h;?^.'?'*'!^''^.'^"' »"^^ 2j!?ik^?***T '***?*''« American, had, on thre4 JMfto. thrown together .ome |ogs hastily, and no cha^ ^^S»t^.eSinr^'™ wit their dio^ on the hard fn^en »vund TV a«*? ^SiA::i^:^\'''^S^''^^ mo?e*th^,S*S ^£h ir?"***^* ^^^'^ ^ *h« statement of S W-. A] ,1 -f?t -'^, ,V, V '" <■« ll«4 »^iia«lte. '-ip HISTORY OP TRE WiS#V tneved our fompl j?'"" °""*fr th« kit vili^ j^ P^rtant crisis, hoJ^lr ?°J^^.''''''^»oUitionAlt^ Jeof anjr value, toe^^ *t!^^^ i'>^ f^^^o^t ca£dZ rawed in price, and their land??i* *?*'«• P^o^luce wte *-' -, ^> 'i^ffmi. -l-r .J « pn^liwttd to tli«^ ^•«»t of the W.^ Sf" «Kr mailer to ">«t proviBci, ondjr Pjtcrminttionofift a Its auccei* to -<|& 'in tb« general gtoto war found the .ito? pe". TheraortiKt. ^»«?»3^ printed 4 bfli8teiice»ii,»»S BJ»*ndth<>teoTSe w almost ceaeed to HTMsmento of Ho ■tiast.tomai* ewbobadbeeoi neck to their 1 eir ttltimatoi *if great body or "^J^theelTccteof '7 Ifx'wce was "»«> the wealth of *«» waadivertoi JintheimproTe. l«;dtQwii^,iJ| li a«inber <(f 'ejf,. was prppoTi ajingtheii^oSf ^ "«wrf7,w«ae»r :.T^;. % ltem>RT OF TfliE WAflf/ 845 klbited. tlie philosopher might say, that what wa» lost t6 the nation, on one side, was gained in'^e other ; but iMs reaioningcoufd have little weisht with the. individual Mffierers. In several of the New England states, com-, ^aints-assumedamore serious cast) a convention was talked of, and it was even iasinuated, that they meant to lecede from die union. Iliis, injdeed^ would have been Ml event, which would have filled every Americart-bosom iHth grief: a greater injury to our common country than . t thousand wars. The coHisitms between tiie state au- thorities and that of the union,' were^'besinniog to pro- dace all the embarrassments, whtbh had oeen predicted farr Patrick Henry at the forroatii^ant of funds, tiie administration #oald be compelled.to yield up the reins of government, ■«"■ ;*;■ j'^*- r ■ '»»rren aliti6al iiu^ttii^^Mlfc^ irable from timV dcseriMii r justice and wisdooi. Thf nle of other n«tioiilbuld not ,view, wjth indifreceaosf ate of this Myldm and Muctnyty of the npprtss<4i^ 4nd «^fortuQate throughwtthi wirld* . The northern sea tre)'ed hj a British privat^er^ the Liverpool P«ck« ' which qriuaed in the sQundk Commodore Lawu sail withadetachn«nt (^ thirteen om^ioataf andwco in chasing her oT. On hie arn^ iMlt9i^p^hrQ^ wpwards of fiftr ves^ela. hmnd etttlvard, batafowT ^ ^ture out. The commiitiQre oiBsepted to takf the^^ Wilder G9nv»jr» bni was. not ahte to promise ^wa a. nnur tection.against the squadron then Moclidivf Kew-Loiiif don. Thej, however, being dlspos^ fb ni» the risk^hy sailad with themon the 99tb, and in. the aftetiioon of the /''. V '^1^ ■ l > »ll " i ■ K" ^ 'yk '■:>, § • N V «f fteanor, onr ft "^^•S*-. ^^mmmmm ""fr^ ?»*»•• Otis 7!"''- «^ from tt^t J. »ot permit \o» ["Pon defend J .«»« contrary .tfcetowhs of ■n<»wer»,^ • -'-'•tniiliililCiji.l "■*#■" , mSTOftY OF THE WAR. |«iiMii|( forces made a decent on Moos* Ijilaii|| and a& tertektnff iHwgession of Eastport, declared all the islands and towns, on tlie eastern side of IVuMimaqaeddj bay toapnertain to his Britannick malestjTwid required the inliabitanto to appear within sevetrdays and tiike the oath of allegiance. About two-thMs of the inhabitants submitted ; but in the month ofAugust, the council of the Province of New-Brunswick declared, that notwith- standmgthe oath of allegianc/, they should be consider- ed as a conquered people, a/d placed under military go- ▼erument. Eastport was/oon after. strOngly forti'fied ; but It was found extremely difficult for thoMttmy to sub- sirt his troOpis, and the desertions were.so frequ^ent as to render it almost impossible to keep up a garrison. The commodore s^n after sailed with a part of his squadron, for the purpose n the neghboorhood of which hiTJlIi A'-v^^'PW*. where he craiied fem AiSTIrS^ until October; audio the conrM^Af ivr«_'^^ ' ]?'^i K^ ^ ""tenant DowoT n^^^lo^^ to l« lud up, were convoyed by thkoKrto vitMrST b«i «ii.d in WT 'tt. w" t?iizgj«r' 1^ C-- • • 'r a- * 1^ » 1 •■^ iji i iM. wi i ' I f l i w ip'* t^-'i^ir>"i?'^ ^ B yr , HlffTORir OF THE WAR. ^tM <^ ^ islind of Nooaheevah, or Madison's Island, "which hi J muned in honour of the President. Here he found a hie hij, and a situation in everr respect suitable to hia ,jnulies,^e inhabitants apparently fnendlj. But it was iBOt long before he found uiat his situation would be tin- Liafe, ill consequence of a war which prevailed "between [the ii^rabitants of the neighbouring village, and those elied, ,by a r^rd to his own safety, so send a party of sailors I with the natives, who, by their assistance, defeated their .enemies; and by the interference of the commodore, a p^e was brought about between them. In consequence of this, the natives erected a village for the commodore, freely traded with .him for provisions, and for some time the sreatest harmony prevailed. His safety was again threatened by the conduct of the ifTypees, an inland tribe, one of the most warlike on the island, and which still continued hostile, and who were continually mmog the friendly Indians to destroy the ^ strangers. The commodore found his situation growing ' every day moi|t critical; He therefore res9lved to pur- i, sue the cpurse necessary to ensure his safety, and which t3 ,1. < ' .' »ifv> » ^''4M-' ''tii'f *. fi ^'^tM^&v, ,f« S^\. ■I^p* #18 ;^je88el «bulS [wraodore npir ^ upon maki 1 y»" SI entspecS;™ ''%."''"'* 'kev wen, Ki«f * "" wit amodorf remained. *^ ^ ">totte«^t8'SanlS^^^ ■^!|5#<#tfi?«sif P' iiailalaiSi *'. iiiiiiiiwiiii'ft^ "WnffP ^^odore npir W upon maki lem to be at peace tC ; «" the pointTfteaS >»Iy induced to wait hf X. *i«J ^*re little more ffr mountainous and It easy for them to es- efbe, compelled to re. S'if J° P""^*"* the L?«i?''?^*'''ctionof f TVppes now l^ii]. ;JnSes on the i!|«y jo^recollecttohj^ ;r'n friendship to! »«•« remained. 5****»««g»venriil' *he«e8ts'San4uS *" > T J&K • > -¥||. ' ■ il: ! epf commodore Porter and the American people, by Mch means they have endeavoured to bring tlie acts of he Americans to a level with their own. The destnic- aon of a few wigwams covered with palm-trees, erected » shield the inhabitants from the heats or the rains of the rnd zone, effected by an American oflScer in s^if-de- fence, and for the sake of peace, is to be viewed with hbr- ] roar J while the conduct of the British governmeHt in In- Nia,, in America, and throughout the world, withotit any (Other motive than base rjipacity,is to be pass^ over un- noticed. The destruction of the Typee villages, is the conduct of a bucanier, in commodore Porter; but the ^.?fl*<»'»,^e3truction of a flourishing town, inhabited by piVihzed people, on the coast of ChHi, by admiral Anson. 18 an exploit to be boasted of. Can it be that the Canton destruction of our villages on thesea-coast, by the British admirals, was in retaliation fcTlhe destruction of the rypee villages ? Accusations of this nature ill befit an JKnglishman: they too reidily call to mind the innumera- ble acta of wioked, depraved, rapacious violence, which Ureat Jintain, in common with other European powers, ' E'!i with«uUcrupIe, committed upon the inhabitants of both the Indies. Even if there be grounds for the accu- »aUon, itis n^ for Britain to be the accuser. Humanity must undoubtedly regret that the villages of the Typeea were destroyed ; but reason must acknowledge the jus- tice of the destruction, from the impossibility of purchas- ing peace and security from the savage by any other means, = •' . • There is one part of commodore Porter's conduct wM 18 not ^VPJSMi the taking possession of the jj E'^Ki^TK*^*^"V®"*^*".SO^e''nment; this, it **M*e» fa^ satisftctiofcM the natives, who regarded it ,^#mere expressioji^oflSeldship, or rather anldoption amongst the Mellickees, and extending no further,- but this was follokng the «xami)l(^f the European states, ^T***^* "»«*Jt *»""<*«^'*^them8eIveMntftlea, by the nght of diSco^lFy, to territories inhabited only by unci- Tilized men. We, however, have folltwed a different pnnciRle, and had the Ty^ war eHslkd in conMftuetfce % ■'*. . ■^^ (.it r:.'/-! f ■' r rr « '/i ^""^^=^4^2l^SjWft!«i«ij^ 5- CM HKTOHrOTTHE^ ^^. " '"'^ WAR k mi ^ their Tool "® ennijtj ©f thi. Vr-T- "* "' ««' |. ' -• "'•» mere who h»*l3^f ' IttatORY OF ME ll^Ai. ft^ A? LfSi^ ^^ ?°8«g'?g» made repeited attempts to 2tl^.?^?i?**>*** .*^*'°V ""g'y* either bj manoBUv- rti^ Of s6ttdbg formal challenge!} } but commodore Hill- yar cartfttUy avoided the coming; to action alohe, 'fhe . American commander, hearing that an additional British loree was on its way. a^d having discovered that his ves- sel coiUd outsail those of the British, determined to sail J oat, and, while the eiiemy was in chase, enable theEssex •J'?'®'' *<> escape to a place of ^endeavous previously ap- Onthetwenty^ighthof M^rch, the wind coming on to Wow fresh from th6 southward, the Essex parted her gad)oard cable, and dragged her larboard anchor to sea. r*ot a moment was lost in getting sail on the ship, as it was determined to seize this moment to escape. In en- deavouring to pass to the windward of the enera v, a squall struck the American vessel, just as she was doubling, the point, which earned away her main-top-mast j both ahips Immediatelv gave chase, and being anable to escape m nis crippled state, the commodore endeavoured to put back into tlie harbour ; but finding this impracticable, he ran into a small bay, and anchored within pistol shot of ,the shore ; where, from a supposition that the enemy would continue to respect the neutrality of the port, he thought himself secufe. Hesoon found, however, by the manner m which they approached, that he was mistaken. With all possible despatch, therefore, he prepared his ?L? for ac^n, and endeavoured to get a spring on his i Cable, which he could not accomplish before the enemy commenced the attack, at ftfty^fbur minutes past three. APOrst, the PhcBbe placed herself on his stern, and the Cherub on his larboard bow 5 but the latter soon finding berselfexposedtoahotfire, changed her position, ami withherconrfort,I^eptupa raking fire under his stern. P® -^t*^*" bemgj unable to bring his broadside ta ?*^iSir/'*®'"^» *"* spring cables having Been three nm«™ft. away, was obliged, therefore, to rely for de- rence^Against this tremendous attack, on three loijg twelve pounders, which he ran out of the stern ports; imt which were worked wUh such bravery and iull, as ;*•(*, .i^^ # ■ ■•.^:f «'««*■„., r # '"''H^'ll lllilfllj?jl'' ■t - ^ere already fc;ii\?^'^ '"'*^e countrvniAl ^''*«* »«• Jear upoP^/l'P'^^y were unable to bS 1-* '"P^^ told none ofTpr '"* «*«'-t>oard quar IT nVf.^H,'''®**''; W f^. ^as the o2 sail hi" «"!!!"« «"derw;* ^S, 'T^l Moisted, cut hil „ LI "® ^<^"'d set • fh;« i* ^ ^ *"« %»nic-i,i wintf%»s *r„!l jfT'O close 1 wi*K #ir 'or a short Si «he M bSf seTel^^^^^^ -m 'I ■ 1^1 ^ ; ■•.itrA?' ^■ ^;x I ^ ^^rf'^li^^fe; ' > ' .r-^^lB K^p HISPbRr OP THE WAR. •59 WiM seized a faint hope of being able to board. At thii taoment lieutenant Downeecame en boarTto receivJ St?. **»1?*^"« "^y »>'» commander ^id soon b'J Sr5*^ii "w? *T"^f » *^'>"'^ •>« »f «"> «vail in the pre- tem?^n.'S'l"**'*^^^'^*^'' •"«* finding f.t^m'SL enemy 8 patt»r up hi#helm, that the last attempt at teS^r^K-^ not succeed, OoWnes was direSTre- ^^^n^T'^^* to be prepared, for defending and de- ■";jy»ng her in case of attack. . The slaughter on board the Essex now became horn- Sli toVr?„?J *l°°*'""i"6 to rake her, while she was un- reiused to yield- while a ray of hope appeared. Everv wpedie^ that a fertile amfinventiVe ^Ss^uldsuS of&e foe^ »o™e lucky chance, to escape from the grfsp STp «ncK-: -^ i^J^s^r was bent to the sheet anchor* anS tiw anchor cut from the bows to bring the ship's head MKiin?" f"on8a8hec(^ dfstance to Stttl^v oJrrHi'*'"'^^ qtiarSrsof a mile, he hopS , ^JT^K^h!^uf-^ saTe themselves before thesh? ioZ^n. h. boats bewK cut up, they could drily hopS to escape by swimmiig Ay some this was efiected. bS the jreatecDaiJ of his generous crew resolved tosS^^^^ tlie aip, ana share the fate of their commander. ^ ^ 6eedeS^.°Xi'te?'!^^°^ *be flames, and sue ceeuedj after thiSj they again repaired to their gwfe bit ■■:». :^' -^5 ■m c^ .:^' *^i»««.*A.V*t*,l n- ^ **(- . > • 3t ^ > *ft ^ ^.- -« ed, thirt ,r «• " '°'* on board th7i?ir ""• ^'»tt »*> the port of V«u. • -^ °"' '^ept afloat «•»»;! ?^"*i*n«j *an» to the IToit^ SfL " P»™'«*'' and toe^mi^* -• . "'""S from Zrl***^?"* »ff 10 his hnaJ^ %«<»••«»- ''' ■^a^ii t^ * '^%- l-f 4 . . . ? V '«ons, when to S.^ ^«fnt Stephen g^^ -W every narttfSj efl»: *l«»t'nued to fjWM about to «i» the Fir*'"' -'«^ ;ttti»til»huringtho third year, every naval combat, without a single exception, where there was any thing Uke an equa- hty of force, terminated in favour of the Americana. The sloop of war Peacock, launched in October, per. formed a cruize during the winter, and onW return, wal chased into^ St Mary»8. She soon after pat to ««» again, and on ^e twenty-ninl^f April, discovered the brig of war Epervier, captein Walea, having several voa- sels und^r amor. cH^^n Warrington engaged the Bperyier, w;hile ik»dmm^ire making their escape. At thfe first, bro»dsy&^Wfo of the Peacoekwaa totally disabled by t#oast ttree, orders were given to board in turn. Throw- ing themselves with promptitude upon her deck, they ncceeded in the executioi|of their orders; and atforty- iTttininutes past three, the flag of the enemy's ship came down. She was almost cut to .pieces, and half her crew were killed and wounded. The loss of the Wasp irasftve killed and twenty-one wounded ; among the lat- ,Ur, midshipraett Langdon and Toscan j both of whom expired some days after. The Reindeer having been p, mind alto^ther unmanageable, was blown up ; and cap- t:^n BIdtely steered for L'Orient to provide for the* ;Wouqdea of both crews. i<«^ — l' *®*^°g L^Orient, and capturing two valuable l^ntif h merchantmen, captain Blakely fell in with a fleet 1^** ' under convoy of the Armada seventy -four, and a,liomb ship. He stood for them, and succeeded in «, cutting; out of the sijuadron a brig laderi with briss and iron cannon; and military stores, from Gibraltar; after taking..out the prisoner! and setting her on fire, he en- deavoured to cut out anothei*, but was chased oft' by the severtty-fdur. In the evening, at half past six, he de- «cned two vessels, one on his starboard, and one on his h larboard bow, and hauled for that filtch was farthest tp windward. At seven she was disopVered to be a brig of war, and at twenty-nine minutes pas^ nine she was under ^e lee bow of the Wasp. ' An action soon after com- menced, which lasted until ten o'clock, when captain |^;>5j»»ely» supposing his antagonist to be silenced, ceased ™Wj^ »nd demanded* if he had ^surrendered. No An- Sirfien, perceiving that the.two Jilst wer* not returned, he ' •. #K •*. haded again, aod was infornSed Ibit she was sjttkiqg. V T .K ^ ^'4* 1^ I '''wiiwMiimjiifflmffiiigf'niiTi ^ ^ r HISTORY OF THE WAR. certamed to have been the Avon, captain Arbathnot. of iJteJX tT "' *t^««5"deer. ShS sunk SS&^ iX n?rf t\ *^' !'S''* %"".'' *"^ *»»« on'y one she sent countrv^h!./oni **°?*''"^*°"*^'y 'ooked for by our her aSn ThlriTh flf^V"? ""^'^^^ "^ «ver seeing son had passed, in which there existed airprosw^^^^^ escape, tfe ships were ordered up the river?andXman. at^tite:;^^^^^^^^^ and the rem fiovjftn^ storclship. The commSJS* thinking It more safe to venture out singly anSX* 's?,. •'!#<■ T3 • « lat- y ter, the commodore himself, and midshipnian Dale, who afterwards died. On the approach of the bquadron, ttie gallant commodore, unwilling to sacrifice the lives of his • ^ men in a useless contest, on receiving t^e fire of the , nearest frigate surrendered. On this ocdasion we can- not pass in silence the dishonourable conduct of the Bri- tish officers of the navy, where swfth ought least to have been expected. The generous and herflick character of Decatur is acknowledged wherever the Aimencari flag is known, and requires no testimony in-lte support, for the British themselves have often declared their admiration of this chivalrous officer. The commodore was taken on ^^ board the Endymion, for llie purpose irf acting the miser- . able farce of surrendering his sword to the officer of a,. frigate of equal sixe, but whidi wodd havi fallen into the hands of the commodorfe, but for the approach of the squadron. Decatur indignantly refused to give uphisf swortl to 4qcone but the commander of the squadron. Another artiffce was actually resorted to, in prder to, sa- tisfy the good people of England that the President wtM a seventy-four in disguise ; i^e was lightened, and laid in . dock along sid^ of an old seventy -four, difeipished t^ a|i-* pearance by being deeply laden. Thus it seems a;Brt- . tSri^fruiitehad caotured an Amencan seyenty-four j the. is •k *t .v^ w* ^ '.% ■^i. >W *V= ii^-^5 ■ w 406t nmixm OF THE WAR. ( '"*r- U^ w-a tt Xe TRPJ:^^'' of pur naval her^, cruize, he discorerea two aS «»vmg sailed oni the Constitution, but soou a^^'^R °^J!fl°'» *»««•« «P ^^^ join her consort The SS *• *^ **** *«»"««' *<» ; and at six P. M. ranged aheaS^jT. «?'" ^'^"'« *« •>^th! her on the quarter, hw con«^f 111* stemmost, brought broadside, \hich was immedia^l**''' ^t^' *^'' 0Pn»e shot : her lieu- tenant then bore her up, and runnini|her bowspnt be- tween the main and mizzen rigging ofthe Hornet, gave orders to board ; his men, however, perceiving the crew of the Ho»net ready to receive them, refused to follow liim. At thja raomcntXhe heavy swell of the sea lifted the Hornet ahead, aridXthe enemy's bowsprit earned away her mizzen sWroiidB and spanker boom, and the Penguin hung upon the liprnet's quarter, with the loss e of Chippewa— Death of general Swift— Bat- tie of Niagara— Siege of Fort Erie— A«8aolt upon Fort Erie— Sortie upon the Btitiah works— Affairs of the West-Expedi- tion against Michilimackinack. Tfao Jt reviewing the event* of the war on thfi ocean, ym return to the war on the northern frontier. Not to be / «a* Vi • ■.A m^ fV. s«- *'"> .1 Ei> [«i»fl?>'"- ^/F*' KV ti tj -i"* V^i^ \ BBTOffr or Tm: v^T /T ned into execution, wLi tiL^*"** ^"^ ««« be «ar* 'og was adopt;d. SSoWll?^*''^?^"''' ^ *«ow^ of commodore SincWr wlf ^ * '^* *•*• •«»tonc© 5«l» on the Upper LdcC wiA f 7^ f*^"* ^ Bri- American posteof KSf/jJ!!?- * ^'*V'^"«overin|r the American !;;^y, unde?«;ne«f 5'' "^ ®*- ^^"'Ph- ^ Niagara and taU po?4S™f te"L''»! *« ««« «»• afterwards, i„ conYunXTwUh r?i"*S" ''*!?'»^ J "d proceed to attack the Britirh *?'5'nodere Chauncer, ST""* -^^u*^* comma,3u^il,iNortJ; *^* ^*™««'*- push a number of armed bofts into th^S"/"*^' ^ *• tinn k ?""*°^ Ihe Rapids, and cit off ?£• '^''*«n«e» «o tion between S^ntrea^ and Kin«* °*''®. comtounica- gamsoned with fifteen h..n3J5^*°"' A stront post ' jatein this objecrBatteSerSr"r""'? •''ocl^^: Jor the purpose of pr»twKh!T '^'° *" ^ *''«>wn up . Chan^,lain, andtSen^^^^^ *«' on Ak? . Jng it. Some of SZll^^^''^*^''^'f^''^f^metS^ ' patedj buttbecreS!rn.T*"«*""^''*« Mbe«n Mtiri^ circum'stances! ^ ^'^ P"* «"« controlled ^^^ ^ » co„artiKl?:-;,5^fo^^ general Brown k.8 i. remained in their hands hI t L T" ^•^ NiaM«u5|i ousiy occupied, wXJuiatr±:^^^^ and general KipJev, in disfiS„T^®"» «*"•»** Scott lecting his force. Bv thl ff • *"« *"& *'<»op8» and in c3- York volunteers, under ^«.^l ^i a brigade of New- ^ ther with a few Ind^Zrinte^'V'''^ ®.^*^^' t<«^- the enemj, under genei^d l)r»«l !f ?'5* **»« .t. f~ %.' ^' «*fc^^-. m ^ te:. 'A rected to I?ad » dIiSob h. ' "^^ r ** accordingly dj. , conbotted throughout the creaS.r?* r PT ****«'*« Jfil RiaU* preceTving that an enL?; *''^.*''* *^*^- <^n«- ble, resolvato strike the fi^fhff^"!:*'''.'^" uttavoida- , from his encampment, with b « t;oI«^''*'^'■**'•^'"»««* appeared on the left banlrnfS* ., %<=«» «» purpose ofturnirig tfieir fod^fh^ "'*> ^*'"P» ''«••*'>« greatlj superiour in numLrs ami ^r'"'*^^ bj, troop. Brown Derceivmo. ♦!!, J *". discipline. General action on the ptai^ ^a7ZV 4l7 ^^ T^^^ '"^^ mediaterj on crossing the Ee ""^ "^'"^^^ '"^' thetS&taTonftT^E^^ of the British wliirh^!L i^'^®'* *° *'"'" the right flanT warmly en^^Srst?^^^ h"'"^ '" *''« '^^* ' ^^^ . tach captairletchum! to kee ' « ^'"•''"'"Pf "«^ ^ de^ in fcheck J the maior hlvin^^?^ * superiour detachment the reliefWhiiclSin! Strni^^ ^""""^ "^^«^ *» contest aainst supSr numtrs '^^^^ "? ""^^""^ accomplislied her?until aftPr « .1 ? '^'^f''* ^«8 "ot ength closely pressed intrnJ^r/^tlf'l^^^^^^^ ratelygave orders to his mpn ITo ^^' ^ delibe- vance^^undera dreaVl firT unti "hT • T' *»^ '^' of more security, whence hprnm if /^'^ * P«*'tion tire. This ad^JiV^hle eooiL^rj^^^^^^^^^^^ T,"'^.*« '- ' corps^was worthy of veterans anS,? intrepidity m hit. •"■■.." », ■ !-v t 4 , ,1 1.' "•>;»U»J®«,'^;#W^ti£. HISTORY Of THE WAB. SETd «iRh right ftwk fooiiftfter began to fklt back, ^bile tb9 Amencans pressed them closely. The battalion on tlie American nght* nnder major LeavenMrlii, was not onljr engaged with the Britisb infantry, (■PKten exposed t« , the fire of their batteries. One ofylis oflcers, captain Harrison, hid his leg shot off by a canntfn ball 5 but he considered the contest so doubtful) that he would not snJfer himself to be taken from the spot, and continued to perform his duty with astonishing fortitude until the actton ceased. After the lapse of an h6ur from the time the action became general, captain Towsoq. having com- Jletely silenced tbe enemy's most powerful battery, now irned upon the infantry, then much exposed to an oblique discharge of major McNeill's musketry ; the enemy was at this moment advancing to charge, l)ut the concentrated fire whidk poured upon them, and the ap- parent issue on their right |Iank with major Jessup, com- pelled general Riall to retire, until he reached the slop- ing ground which led to ChippWii, when the British, fled in confusion ttf their entrenchments.— Major ^ndroan and captain Towson pursued the enemy under the fire of hi^atteries, but which, on examination, were found, too strong to be assailed^ ... This may be considei"^ the first regular pitched bat- tle, and fiirnished a cbnvincing proof, that nothing but ^rdiscipline was wanting to give to our soldiers on land, the) same excellence whi«h ouf seanien had discovered on the ocean. The battlt^as fought with great judg- , ment and coolness on both sides, and its result, consi- dering tiie numbers engaged, was exceedingly sanguina- ry. The loss of the Americans in killed, wounded and ' missing, amounted to three hundred and thirty -eight. Among the wounded were colonel Campbell, capt^ns King, of the tw«ty -third, Read, of thejwenty-fifth, Har- ris^, of the forty-second ; lieutenants Palmer and Brim- hall, of the ninth, Barron, of the eleventh, and De Wit and Patchim, oT the twenty -fifth. The total loss of the British, according to the report of general Drummond, was five hundred and five, of whom forty -six were mis- sing, the remainder either killed or wduoded. Thcu" ■^'' . \ f. ^ > \ ' - « -'"'. « if >■, \ r- — .. __-- ; "fc '■■ " -- * '; ". V ^^^^ ' ■' .^". .1 , ■■" ^«L ..-.._.. , ,'- ^^^^^■klu. ' IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) w. I / / ^' m 1.0 ^1^ 1^ ^ 1^ 12.0 II >•> ^ScMices Corporation 23 WIST MAIN STRIIT WEBSTER, N.Y. 14S80 (716) •72-4503 J... -' K*.Svft!»'« "J i iiit' "■««■■* . ^ ' ^^ .,\ ■'Xi A'^*r y.'* V i -^ . •4 ^ ■ « J \ m , -1 \, . %u . "• ■ ■ , ■' 1 V , ( t • 1 *' J • V ' • • • \ « h . fA « I • * — y' • ■^. ■ ■ ;f " " • . ::3: ,/\. •-.:• ' '•"■^'''*«W^-«*,iWWiife^. ,^- ^«i. m- m ft U h' ^ p.;; ^1 sr4 fllSTORY^ t)P Tte WAR. • • -n- occurrence, ^^i^^^^^i^^^f^^^^^^^i^ii. Few iication t(r4fae neenlp Zt •™™ * more lively mtil and the brevet raJk of Jieuteo«?V„i!®?'" concerned j ^ upon majors Jewup, Uavenlo^h ^'^J'^ T" «=°nferred major on captains Towaon n .'^""^ M*N,siIl : and of veral^therSffiSre wrre„V£T'''[»^^^ S^- themselves: m^o" Wc^S " '''^'"S d«tin«,ish^ "8, and lieutenant M«DSaW.^"^''l*'T' «»P*«^° ««- «iuch honour. "«nald, acquitted themselves with The defeat of Rial! havino. k- neral Drummond, he in/^ ^*° communicated to «,. . «df»ablehimtore^li; ',W'"**^/*'°^^^^ h£,^ -era! B^wn still XiS at hU "P'" '^'^ '''"^'' ^e- jnined to dislodge the bSV^TJ ^^'^''npn^ent, deter- he detached general Se;V«n^"°'*f^'«»' ">«!«, Pewa river, at a pohitS^L '° T" ? ""'^ *<> the Chip- ^ jamp, andto cJnKcta^rid:^"? 'Jr'^ *^* ««'»y^ ^ Jf cking the enemy !^„ h? ril? fit t""" Tr'^^''* "^ it- '^as executed with »« «.„ u ^ "*"'' *«" front Thi. »«all ordered his artiUerv t^fcr**'/'''^''^''*'--! AmencansfromcompIetiSAeir Jn.ir 'u^l r''*"* *he •f general Ripley coSfdthfR ■:*•*[ b«t the artillery neral Riall goSn ifter Cn-S J"*"*** **» «^''^- CkJ Spumed by generi BrowJ th^^^^ ""^'^'^ ''^^^ ^ , ^^U to^ueens^^-h^^^^^^^ ^^,,^,„^^^ «/jX?mir„:S?^*^^^^^^^ «d previous t. jas detached with abSuf ^ThundJ^** ''^r" "^"^-t* |o reconnoitre the enemy'swork. w *•** *^*"*^ "«"»» post, and toolc prisoned I !^ "* . *** »"T>ri8ed an out* Jf these, afterhiwn7arfced^r*'*"^J'" «^^^ ^^ denly raised his p ew^and i^i'T"''*** quarters, sud- 2^^^' The genVr^'insUnHifeS C?^ ' ""^-^ * "^^ •H>«-fof .party, b'jugiltyXlTn^'^V X! ' pl^ ^MSS&«f I !■* 'i '*' ' •'V ■'■•0' * . ^ "< T- f 1 mj HISTORY or THE WAR. 875 IP' * ■ ■ tUdier, he continued to fight at the head of hi* detach- ment, renrdless of his wound, until the enemy was re- Bolsed. This gallant officer died soon after he was Drought to camp, sincerely regretted, and Was interred with all the honours the army could hestow. He had been a distinguished soldier of the revolution. The question as to what step was next to be taken, was submitted by eeneral Brown to a council of war ; whether , to follow up the enemy rapidly, and annihijate his force, or first to attack Niagara and' Fort George. The latter was resolved upon. Preparatory to this, general Ripley and general Porter were ordered to reconnoitre the fort j. the one along the Niagara, the other by the way of St. |, DsvidN, for the purpose of ascertaining their respective i^: situations, and obtaining the information necessary for 'the attack. This service was successfully performed, although much exposed to the fire of the garrison^ and as- : sailed by skirmishing parties. .The plan, however, was abandoned^ in consequence, as was alleged by general r Brown, of not being able to obtain the co-operation of Ghauncejf's fleet, the commodore being at this time ex- tremely ill; the general, therefore, prepared to pursue the British army to Burlington heights; and, with a view to this, on the twenty -fourth he fell down to the junction ,, of the Chippewa with the Niagara. Il Lieutenant general Orummond, mortified that his vete- I ran troops should have been beaten, by what he considei^ * Pcd raw Americans, was anxious for an opportunitj(|V>^^ ^ retrieving his credit. He had collected, every regiment from Budington and York, and the lake being free, the rX Bi4tish commodore was able to transport troops from ICingston, Fort George, and even Prescott. General Riall took post at Queenstown, Immediatelv after it was abandoned by tiie Americans, who had fallien back to Chippewa ; general Drummond crossed a strong detach- ment to threaten the town of Schlosser, which contained the supplies of general Brown, together with his sick and wounded ; diis was done witit the expectation of in- ducing general^rown to divide his force ; an advanced ^puty WM at the same time pushed forward on the Nia- 'StU'Mls, ,*,, , — - -*-''ff^'=S|rtih<,,imr r '^1 ^^HkI> :^&ii^ rl ^^Bffl ^'^'' mi ' ' 1 m> t-^- * K ^4 >\4 ( * l' *. 1 • k |: ^^x^ ^*. ^ y -^^4' ' sr6 HISTORY OF THE WAR. pra rotd. With a view of drawing off the enemy from hiB attempt on the village across the river, general Scott was ordered to move towards Queenstown, witbhis bri-^ Side, seven hundred strong, with Tow8on»s artillerTrthe ragoons and the mounted men; with orders to report if th? enemy appeared, and call for assistance. At four Clock the bngade moved from the camp, and after pro- ceeding about two miles and an half from the Chippewa, and within a short distance of the cataracts of Miacara. K^..x.... x».ar,, wuric lie naa piantea^ipmest formidable battery of nine pieces of artillery, two of which were brass twentv-four pounders. On reaching a narrow-strip e; woods, which intervened between them and the British line, caplams. Harris and Pentland, whose companies formed a part of the advance, were first fired on, and en- gaged thp enemy, who retreated for the purpose of draw^ ing the American column to the situation at Lundy's- lane. General Scott resolutely pressed forward, first despatching major Jonea withthe intelligence to the com- mander in chief. H^ hi^B^ooner cFeared the wood, and formed in line^ on ft^.fllVfinely adapted to military manoeuvres, than a trepcnflFus cannonade commenced from the enemy's batteines, which was returgM by cap- tain Towson, but without being able to bring his pieces to bear on the eminence. The action was continued for an hour, againsta force three times that of the AmericatI brigade, on th^ ground to the left of Queenstown road. The 11th and 22d having expended their ammunition, colonel Brady and lieutenant colonel M'Ncill being both severely wounded, and nearly all the other offi cohdf countermanded his order. ColonelJessup, at the commencement (rf* the action, had been detached with the twenty -fifth, to attack the left of the enemy's line. The British now pressed forward on the 9th, which with wonderful firmness withstood the attack of theii* overwhelming numbers j but reduced at length to nearly one half, andbeing compelled at every moment to repel fresh chaises of the British, colonel Leavenworth des-^ patched a messenger to General Scott, to communicate its condition. The general rode up in person, roused the fla^ng spiHts of his brave men uith tiie pleasing in- telligence that reinforcements were expected every mo- «ent, and besought them to hold their ground. Lieu- tenant Riddle, already well known as a reconnoitring of- ficer, was the first to<:ome to the assistance of his felldlr soldiers, having been drawn to the place by the sound of the cannon, wnile^ut with a scoutihg party. The same circumstances induced general Brown to proceed rapidly to the scene of action, giving orders to general Ripley to follow with the second brigade. On his way he was met hy major Jones, and from his information, he was inijuced to order up general Porter, with the volunteers, together fvith the artulery^ ' The situation of the brigade became every moment .jB^ore critical. They had repulsed every attack of the ^nemy with desperate courage ; but their strength must Mon fail, when continually obliged to en^e 9:fresh line. Fortunately, general Riall, from the obstinacy of the re- sistance, had by tiiis time over-rated their tieirce, and had despatched a messenger to general Drummond for rein- ' fbrcemejits 5 his nun^ers engaged th'us far having been more than double the American. About this time an aw- ful pause ensued between the two armies j for a time no sound broke upon tiiie stillness of tbeAight,but the groans of the wounded, mingling with the distant din of the ca- taract of Niagara. The shattered regiments were con- solidated into one brigade, and placed as a reserve under icolouel Brady, who, though severely wounded, refused 24 I.H T^' ^•*A\liWr'»*^«s" ' l^Z'.r*^!^*^-'*^^'*^ STS HISTORY OP THE WAR. %• action, to take post on tL S\ -T **'''^ P?""^ "^ **»« ««e enia-njentl^fler" --"tring'^^^^^^^ turning tfce left 6ank of the enemv fi fh. " *?' *" ment. taking advanta«. «f *h»!i ^i* *?*. Pi'^^ent roo- tl.e incaotiof of the e^„?,^^b^ t'erh?/'^' "^^* *"•» rear of their reserve and «.r«!;-'*^ h« regiment in the another, mde priloiew of ?o r?''"?!l'^^^ ^f**"" entwinTd by the hand or™.; '^^ «"««* g'orious when them, under circurSstlces th^^^^^^^ *'»*?«:»•;« ^P*--** not have spared S. One of hL^'^^^ ''*'^*?'"J^ *«»«W had the grd fortune to m«kV« ?*<^«."' «Pt. Ketchum, and of tfe aidT^:*;;,r^s,^^^^^^^ tttr'at" fortunate circumstance, as it nrev^nt Jfki '^"■* tion of the British force cwitemZed bJ feffi'*"*;*- fore the Americans wel4 nrcMrS fif. k-^ ** ^#'*''' **«- . J-disposingofhisfrilS^Tciw^^^^ ^■ to the place where the hottest fire was wSnn„ 51 u'^ gade to which be belonged, andXrw„nK"JL" I u"' Kind a fence, on the si3e of thS Quelsfe S?. ^'- the rear of a party of British inil«* j °*°» °"* »■ opposite side Jf tS :;m";r; '•«i»f shWSSKT-'. fi^O f. HIS-rORV OP THE WA5. turned upon theni ThL^I^V.''®''" »w» cannon w^' changed Sie of tLbatl"!'?vJ' ^^'^"'^ completelj directed to this point as « Jo„M. T^^.™'*'"*"* «"»« "o^ height, the resuIt'^Sery rpentd *''vfhr'*'"**'" «'« for the heights, the captu^re o&l; , m^Sl 7J*«ndin^ nounced bj loud huz^s, on L ' rt^?' h'^'V*""- ''^ trooDs below, whi.h brought a ZK«! ^'^ American man^s corps, exploded a eai«nn .« ""r "» '"*J«'" J^'n**^ the brave captaiS Ritchie Maiorft-nd"^^^ '^'"*'» "^^-4^ -rps, to%osfee1 "ITJ-'".!!^^-^* considered it absoIutX essentia fn*h^ Americans, now iliplej, wS akeavv anrS' f r ''^'^ advanced upoa in both extrWs •'^Ph^ A "•'•^'^ ''"^' out-flanking fim in« his approS-hav?ngtSro?l"°^ f'^^'^l ^''^^ raf to reserve tlieir fire,^unt'r.?i,?M '^^^ '^^ *'"'' S^"^ tive and dea'llv Tho wKi • ^ •"'*' ^f rendered effec- . advatjced wttK bri^k sreo ' n'lirr.K"/**''^ «"*'«'» °°^ Hie summit, when poured in a la'id J ^^''^i^ P«=^« "^ *?tush forward with the bavonp^ . fh"* J**®' anment was not^ ■p maintain the lie contending. I had been an* tile American [major Hind, unatelj killed n was ordered his own and 9 brigade, and voliu^teers o*^ and mortifi. iericans, now itoftheBri- ^ce, that he n ^eatljr re- >8sible order I'anced upon Banking him entlv awaitr w the gene> dered effecw , * British now >ty paces of icf prepared an line, be- led it witk on, butbe- tack, and a ^7 minutes^ ibie. The id to retire emulated [op Wood, in, of the •iditj. It HISTORY OP THE WAR. 281 wai not supposed, however, that this would be tiie-fast ef- ftrt of the British general } the line was instantly restor- ed and the wountfed transported to the rear. General /^Icott's brigade, during tKis period, had been held in re- serve under colonel Leavenworth, colonel Bradj having been <5tMDpelled, by the severity of his wound, to resign the command; the general's brigade-miuor, lieutenant Smith, and his aid, captain Worfli, were both compelled to retire in consequence of their wounds ; this brigade wap now ordered to move to Lundy's-lane, with its right OD ^o Niagara road. After the lapse of half an hour, general Dniramond was Again discovered advancing to the assault with reno- vated viffour. The precaution at first adopted by gene- ral Ripely, was again observed ; the fire of tne Americans was dreadful, and th^ artillery of major Hindman, serv- ed with great skill, would have taken away all heart on the part'of the British for this perilous enterprise, had not the example beep set them by the American^^" The British general having rallied his troop?, threw himself with his whole weight upon the American centre ; he was firmly received by the gallant twenty-first, a few pla- toons, only fiwltennjg, but which were soon restored by genend nipley. Finding that no impression could^be made^tttt whole Briti^ fine again recoiled, and felAftk to the bottom of the hill. During ^e last contest}Wo gallant charges were led by general Scott in person, upon the enemy's left and light flanks, with his consoli- dated battalion ; but having to oppose double lines o infantry, his attempts, which would have been decisive had they proved successful, were unavailing ; they pro- bably contributed, however, in shaking the British line. The general himself, being severely wounded in these charges, although he had hitherto remained unhurt dur- ing this perilous combat, was compelled to quit the field, after uniting the battalion with the twentyJ-fittb, and plac- ing them under colonel Leavenworth. Disheartened by these repeated defeats, the British were on the point of yielding the contest, when they re- ceived fresh reinforcements from Fort Niagara, which S,4* m m m %;.^t^ !'»-»»*^t "^"^■-•^'N^ '-^^:i?5p8r '""^^f^^.^.i^.Sia I/' It iiSft ^at the e^«r disc/veringtheapXih JfTheB^^^ '»'•* •^ spTit i^urned, and ther r^l^iw i ' *'**"" c<>an»geou8 glorious trophie's of t&K-v*^.".;!''- «« J'eld the tend no longer. The Britui? nlf ' ""'I* *t*r ^""W con- Jame distance asofthelM elfJr^'tT^ •**• 57 the Americans wiS the sam.> a^^^'^J^** ■*»""»«« did not fall back with th! . "**"* ^ **«5* 5 •"»* ther linesuppliedte^I:*.^?LTsl;n^^^^^^^ ». ^"'•f advanced. A^onflirf HU^j? f r *'"* ** ^^^^ iteadil* sued,. theiX?;S,oTde?'it^^^^ «"^ ;withstood the ahock xKriit anST'S '*'*^^'"' ^™'7 hack, but were again ralli^T th. ^^^ "-epeatedlj fefl ^iH«r, NicholaAnd Jes up %^ i JT^^'i *»^ *^'°'>*>« closed with each oth»r««?L * ""6^'' the two lines >hichthiy.rt«stedwWh,?*rj^ '."?>'"'' ^^^ wS! of the bayUr tuch'lli Z'^T' "'*''*"$« ** ">« P^^i that many battalions oThoth ^h*"*"*^ ^^ the contest, and the contend ngir^esl^^^^^^ were forced back, other. Nothing cWdexce«fS! ?'»«'«<». ^i4h each conflict at the point where Se c.nn''P*'**^*'» -«^ ^^ The enemy haviflK forced htm-fif^'T*? "*»* stationed, major Hinkan^^a tille?y ?Z '^^^^^^^^ *»»« '"^y "•^-t ol . spike two of his pieces S u^f , ''" compelled to tfe carriages anKus! Gen^JaT rS v'°^«*^^*^'''»» ' upon the enemy'slanks, compd e??S "O'^.Preaaing and the centre soon follounWfLf them to give way, -T'^fl- ■m^^y .>:™ ■fP^^Hf:^ '.*«•■ make tDother ^inr an hour tiiMr ratigncr: led line* and erpower the >otn refresh- toed to their lausted, and the loni^ in« the enemj ed } but on ' coaraeeoua o yield the coold con- ■fire attiie as returned t ; but ther ») a freih i>le ateadiljr iption, en- Jer, iurmW Jatedlj fell »jr colonels J^ lines fWbe hill, t the point e contest, ced back, wiih each . >n,of the stationed. ' midst of npelled to t:d across ' [ pressing 've war, tie whole of their emselves 7. The ,/ HISTORY OF THE WAR. S8S jlrttish beinc now completely beaten, retired beyond the borders of the field, leaving their dea(l and wounded. ^Oeneral Brown had received two severe wounds at .the commencement of the last char^, and was compell- ed to follow Mneral Scott, leaving the command to Rip- lej. rhis officer had mtide repeated efforts to obtain the means of removing the captured artillery, but the bonn having been killed, and no drag ropes to be pro- Cured, It was delayed until after the fast oi^htest. when orders were received from general Brown, to collect the wonnded and return to camp. The British cannon were f u'k *P>''e<|» and the smaller pieces rolled down the mil by major Hindman. who returned in good order witli his corps } the whole reaching campi about midnidit It 18 much to be regretted that these trophies of victory could not have been secured, as the circumstance gave occasion to the British, surprising as it may seem, to «lairti the victory. To high praise they certainly were ratttled, but to claim the merit of « a complete defeat of the^ American?," was outraging truth j and to be com- phment^ for this, ought to infuse the blush of shame into the cheek of an honourable soldier. The British focM envied was little short of five thousand men, in- cluding fifteen hundred militia and Indians ; nearly a third giMter than that of the Americans. The loss on either side was proportianed to the nature of this dread- ful and sanguin^^battle; ite aggregate amounted to •ne thousand seimKundred and twenty-nine j and the killed and wound^'alone to One thousand three hundred and eighty-four. On the side of tlie British, one assis- tant adjutant-general, one captain, three subalterns, and Seventy-nine non-commissioned officers and privates, were killed j lieutenant general Druramond, major ge- .neral Rialf, and three lieutenant-colonels, two majors, *ight captains, twenty-two subalterns, and five hundred nott-commissipned officers and privates, were wounded : tiie prisoners and missing, one aid-de-camp, (captain Lonng>five captain8,,nin? subalterns, and two hundred and twenty i^on-coramissioned officers and privates; making in aU eight hundred and seventy-eiglit men. ''. I i i- ( ^y/4- ■^«^c •i"!:- >* * S*** ' *' " * ; .-'**♦ « -- ■"*-'■■-■ S^ •^ ^r "-v*» .<^58iRp%«^^,;;^ *' -^ 'mm ,-.w / «M HISTQRV OF THE WAIfc 0\. iWtfi' bn«dier.enerjU.Wu;Att »ne brigade major, one colon«l T« *i- . •'"««^«-c«mp» five hundred and fiftMn n«ni ^''•''*." "baltirni, an? privates woundi n^S^o^bSrr?'''* "^^^'^ ^ "xtubalterns. and onrhundrefllH T''°'''*^"' '^^^r woned oificer, ana private, m?.!- *wo non-coinmia! Jotal of elj5ht h^ndre^i fiVtri"L°«J^ ?•'!.'» » grwd twentj-geren only, between Sl^«** •"I^ * dilference of* On irrivinu at tteXlw ♦? ^*»"*«n«'ing partiea. iered gene ^R^pHfeeSftSt:;"'*'**? '^^f or- the ground fn the*^ r/orni^ aid Jb^ "I? P*^**^ »<> eircurastancea perraittS *^n„ 1: -^^ ***« eneaj If for dutj, and reconnoitrinTtS e«^. K "i'*'' ?•" •» drawn up in their first position n.1!?/; **• ^?'"»*' "»•«' •ppearance, it thereforrwo^^'hJ^j;!'"* »iT'^**»'« hi» men in their present «f«i«*?t ^*" madn^gg, with bat ; he there foreTr^p^rlVtiu^^^^^^^^ ?« ««- Hastily censured by itknep.l £« ** .^?*'* co»»ne capUin, on-coinmis. "f» grand inerence of^ ardee. » chief or- proceed to e enemj if (i^ops, ge;< i«d men it >and tbcm> formidable ness, with I the COM. ■^uctwat Atches to • "itelj.had f piiblick extent of Dowledg- It victory :• e to the ^ e a stand 'eated to Bmjjim- i enemjr^ . ot think ad been rds of a.^ N HISTORY OF THE WAR. «85 l^i formidable body, appeared on the third of Auinist, ^ore ft fortification which, a few dajs previousIyAtd },f>een cooaidererf untenable, and commenced with reRulai •pproaches, hopelMMof being able to prevail otherwise uff ''J' •.*»""«* "«««• ThelMjaiegiBd. at the same time, W^ured locegsantlv tovcomplete their defences. The iMMition which^e Ainerican arroj had taken, for the pur- ^ poae of defepding itself against so great a superioritr, pos- •essed few natural advantages, and the work called Fort JSrie was mtle more than a small unfinished redoubt. It was^situated about one hundred yards from the lake •ho^atits nearest angle, and on a plain of about fifteen feet of elevation. The fort could be considered as no- thing more .than the strongest point of a fortified camp, « lor a line of works was yet to be constructed in frorit. and extending to the r%ht and left to the lake j the rtaiT on the shore Ueing left open^ The fort itself probably ' did not occupy more than a sixth of the apace taken & lathe line of defences : the remainder could not be other- wise than hastily constructed, and indeed notwithstind- ingthe slowand cautious approjiches of the British, much . ol It wM left incomplete until the last mwment. «^ About the same time «v party crossed the Niairara, for ^ the piH-pose of attacking Buffaloe, and recaptnriSff gme- ' ral Wall. This party, under colonel Tucker, was re- pulsed by major Morgan, with a detachment of two hun- dred and forty men, although reinforced by a regiment. in this affair captain Hamilton, and lieutenants Wads- worth and M*Into8li, were killed. The defences of Fort Erie were sufficiently completed, by the seventh, to keep at bay an enemy, who had W {his lime learned to resneet our arms/and-from this daV, un- J "»« /o^l'teenth, tliere was an almost inqpssant cannon- _ ade with the enemy's batteries, who were gradually gain- ing ground. In the frequent skirmishes which took place between the outposts and reconnoitring parties, the Ame- ncails were geniipilly victorious j in one of them, how. ever, .they lost irfaior Morgan, a brave officer, who was sincerely lamented. General Gaiflesliad arriVed shortly al^the commencement of the siege> and being the se- 4 > , /' ^ Lk^ -^ ^is^wmmi^r. ,ii^te«ir*sww'j».- sea :.!;■: I a sq ■ ^ HISTOllT OP THE WAR, ">»?V8^**»''-«« «"«s repulsed, «:"y ^PP'^-'PS ni8 ladders once more, rapidly gained the parapet, crying out to his men to rush TwarT and ?» the elegant phrase, in which the British are ?n the h»hif no quarters! Ihis order was faithfully executed- and severely; the latter, no longer able to %ht caMed St' quarters This was posidyefyrefusyby colonel Irnm inoiid who.repeated his instru^ctions to hYs trips to deTy" It in eyerj instance. The declining and almost exhausT ed strength and spir ts of the lieutenant, bS mtored and roused bj the shocking barbarity of this oIrf!r S bfthe'^ili^Tll?^^^ ""^''''^ ^*' S uy uie coionei lumselt. Ihis man survived an &ct th«t was little better than assassination, only a few Sn .c IS estirad. e .mong men. "^Ihe e„em» rfS toS their pchoo, notwithstanding the death of the""e.der list's: X7[J:5,"""'" '?•"''""«' tj,.„„«ill7: ligni. tiiej had, m the mean time, suttered excessivplv. and the contest along the whole line of defences w^h' ^»pipw«ll wa. ordered a line to be forfae?for7h; .^T?^ ^P'«7 »oi an4i.KL ttlr-' T^^^^ »>« ^^ sortie having been completelr X / •'^'*' °^*''« called in his detaChmentranLt?^^^^^^^ S*5'™' MUIer the prisoners, and the tVSes of .!." «"?** ^'i^*'-' '^'th J hus, in a /ew hoqi^Hhe rJsil? ^f f^? ''Snal exploit, cessant labour was dStrnvJJ ' ^*^ ^ortj-geven dava in- of their cannonXwardTof f ih*"*^ '" addition to the C p/aeed hora de comTat ^f^e aZT^ "f *^"'' »«« ^^^ e'ghtj-three killed, two hund«.T. ?° **** ^"''^""ted to and a like number miwUn!?:?"'*.?'***'^ wounded, already mentioned .sS ot^frL o? *''* f "*"' ««<'«« this occasion? caD&nl!Irm^:* ^^^^F^'^^eritfell on Mall, of the ilthVfaX'v™p'*i' °/"'« "^e corps i Buel, of the voCt J^fe^^^^ of «ie 2^ ^d' teL\-'i^o«>« iffi^e^anTi !;.l?.^ 1^^<» - . Belknap, and Blakeslel of tt^ Jnh.nl'""*"^? B'own, the part of the Briti8fiLn«J*jl" "*««": The loss on ed, Jut must have been very ^ZT^^^^^y '^^'^^• eightj-five were taken prrsoMil A t^^^ '""•**'"«*» «nd splendid victory on the oar? nrfk ^ S't'^»^« *»««• this was claimed b/theJ^^'tff;VrLl^'u?7i"''' *■"' »'^"'^»^ '' * and marched to Fort QeoZe' ^ ^ encampment, ■ "uperseded general BrowS'n ,h. ^ **' *"''" »"««■► b. b»«l&llMMiMi IB. SMvere loss in i^spipwall was Serottsly. The •nam, forming a >teenth, uniting d rapidlj upon 7 abiwidoiied by nl Biplej now tion of the de- Biies, and was '°S up, against >.which had so Bived a wound 'ooks : he was objects of the ineral MiJJer >d order, with gnal exploit. 8vei^ daja in- on to the loss Jir men were amounted to/ en. wounded, llant officers merit fell on rifle eorps'; >e zm, and the 23rd in- nts Brown, The loss on rascertain- indred and 8 after this r as. such it :ampmeat, • with rein- ior officer^ ^ythisac* efdQces4ifi 4bsfSlV,24K""Z^^*^^ f^'-ther attomnt the secretary at wl- k ' • ^'^"' the latter end nf i ,^ ^ threatening Presciw anii?- "*".'*""' ««"«••*' Gainef «ackett'8 Harbour, wih «;!"["' ^ general raovK •mountingtofour houlndm'Jn^ *k ^'' ^''^^^'^ W •eventeenth of Septembe? Thl '*''*•*? ''* «''"^«d onThe mean time occurred, a„d whTrK ^n^^^hich had i„ the ^led; bad giver, a new fa^* 1?*k''*''* ''««" already de! before the arTival of the «*„« ? ^^^l^^-mpaisn. Sh^rtlJ J>«n,. general Brow„~^S'*?'v''* ''"^ '"^^^'ved afi «'>th **andfuj of men a c*"® Prosecution of i «,«! «f tent, and ihVSuT:^;,^;"*'- of such i"r;,„\S *? march to their mJS LlfT'^T^ *''««« ^'nali ^^Jps gans at the distance'^^TfoS or fi/a h.. "^^ "? ««"<^«S the i^ '."""tnerable contin^nlln i'"''?'^^ •"*'««' «ub. tbe arrival of general IzafS *u *^«'*t"Qately, belbre '"S* '"fflcient garrison ..„jr;™""'ent. Lc...- k ^i if ;/ ' 1 294 HISTORY OP THE WAR. leofthe WMde- 'ng the enemy '8 Stores Inflf.; ' ^* P"?®*® «f d^troy- . rPicketBuarJ/a^dTDtarii^tl?"'**''- ^^^ driving fn and Horreiran^iriKm^ln"''^!!,**^**^* ^or^ and theivencamwd Th* n^*^!"^ ''°?*^ «»P*«« 'rvine, ^as attacked bTth; M^rSSf^T™"^ f'*'' d«tachmen hundred men : thrcoZZl. ^^T^^^^*. ^ith twelve creek received Se enJSK- f *"" *5* *•*•>*«• »'de of th. tack ontil wneral rjLT^^?'"** •"*• sustained their at- them to thS. su^pSr' cltfT^ t" "**"» "^ »'™4* was ordered to tu™ JL ir'°"*,' Pwkney, with the fifih, apiece of .rtmerwhfcJ JIT/? "^l' '^*'*'^» «'«' «"* off wfile major fiSd a^vaiifed irPrnnT'"^^^^ ^»*» •'^*i«»» wended to make afree U8?nf !oT*' "^ *" ••««»"" ders were rapidl/clrfj? • . ® ''ayonet These or- pine began tS^S *„? *h- ««<^"tion. The whole fifteenth uodermiVrGrinS! ""''"'J!!: «^"."?P«8ed of the oolonel PjftrrtwiSnnS « '^^ ''^^ *^* sixteenth under the Marq^Hs «^^^^^ advancing, than ?t.the m?u h ff the t7.* he'^fin ?i*t his intrench^ientS ing his killed .nd ^ li 5 »«" back in disorder, leav- «'nall distance SnerTw^^^M "^'""^^ J^^^' pursuing a ' «f his orS 'gf fh?^®'?'' proceeded to the executfon Mills; aftrihichfci?'";'*^" ?( *^* »*««•«*•' the .en k^lled;;:^^^^^^^^^ a loss of sixty-se- thetrSt/'^lift^^^ and was determined otran8KVhT\'*?'''°« *° * '^•«««» i* man side: Which w?«!r !^ J^hole army to the Ame- struction of ^ fort "S'^/^S^^ ^^fected, after the de- Buffaloe, B,aTkRS,aId'BlL^^^^ ""^ distribute^l at ihus termiiiated the.third invasion of r.«oJ. r-x be properly called so; for it was not~«- f,^*» ''^'***« \i'' X -* IIMHitiii*.il. sundae the Ponatn himself of KJn£"''L'***^ ""^^^^ OntarioTand atipn ,n consequence of {K."? •'^»"*«' in^r sita! British force on our bordPnT .^*J •"gmentation of the ntorj on the sea co^rand aI r**** '?^«»'' of our ter! »dea of making an imDre8,7„?* S^"»'** ^on^er, that «U then o„ foot, wi ^hSnTlVL^'^t^'' ^•*'' "^e fore" o^^the administration, that ih*,^;; stated bv the friends the Atlantic coast, ias J„ X. f ' °12'*« of protectins jneans, Great BritSn would £ "**" Canada,*^bj whiS tte greater part Ther fircSf ?„T' *** *«» conc^entJ^S f twenty thoSrnmrafr\*'^^^ Amencan armj distribute JthpHTJ**'^"*: '^''« whole would not afford much denpni^'f®''®"t Atlantic cities troops which might be senf!-*"^.* f*'" ^^^^^nce, from the had been relieved^ frSri^'?*'*''*'?' '^ ^'^at Br7ta^ the conquest of tht^r^t^cf T "'^ ^""*'*»- ^s S whether it would material Iv t'-i '^ ''•''/ questionable ■ r'^oownthatitic^Sth^hTf*''^^^^^^^ 'ti? frnT*u*" S'>^e'-ament and JeLi """''* *"^'"'«« to the 'rom this countrv Hi««L xi. People, many of whom fl.M »nd it is not h"ke7y that lev '°^i**'. «>'• -ndeperent «^d into our re^blkL ^ "'""'^ ^'"'"S'j' bT iff^ -fhe rnost important rwi^o i. «'npa«ri.pn th^SaS Th T^^'* ''^'"^^^ the e >aracter*f American fr?on« * ,**«velopement Jf the was productive of J^niuch KL.""r *'' P^r disciplini! surprise to the enemy n„5i^/"'' ^^ countrv, as of was scarcely time Sf ibrS ^ ^"^ ^'^^ ^^ jea'rs' there period of the war the ^J^"^'^* ^^"^ during thd iZt tenals; the aJ^SJn to Stm^n?"*^^^ °^ ^«Tet »" iS«!f *^ «»""n««ions were ^?/^^^^ SnduMj gubsid- i ■flt. >)' 1 1 I saa HBStOKTflP THE WJOL power J the d(win|; ict^nes of diis ounpuKfi bUcmI tiM •nd the citizen. It U that which nve vktorie. to more to baffle and defeat the utmost efforts of their skill and c6ur«e, for each Jmerican felt, th^he could not ^IZ^ T«l' ""''^ ^' countrjmen witNbut honour Jr S!f^ 5"^** \"l*''* ^•''»"'" '^'^^ch they displayed, that rt was declared by the British officers who hid Wn ™pn HlrlT''' •" |P":"' *5f *. **l*y ''•^ "•^«'- encountered SpIiK^ft ''•a^"^" Britain falls below America in the liberality and wisdom of her institutions, so her sons Jiust yield the Americans the wreath of valour. WorJh fcn*«* *' «nohility Our Hulls, oor.Decaturs, our S Z '*tl*- "°* ??''«^^ 'l^* ^^"^ Wellingtons or Nelsons, accident, perhaps with the worthless descendants of worthless ancestors. I am far from supppsing that there ?v Kn? 2:^^^*• """""S ^"^ hereditliy English nobil- ity, but certainly too many of them are bo?n only to usurD the place of merit, and inJulge the piost idle and vicioS propensities. It was proved to the world, that we could SfXlfT" *•" »»nd".well as upon the sea. ThS ff fcf «T^' and Ae sortie, if achieved byXarm» I^ii T"'\^ "? of valour, since even theirSefeata descended to plactvus on an equality«witli them j the«a- . Wn.lJS^"^'" "'"?*** anequrfbefore; they have even Vrogrted to themselves a share of our victoVies. by re- gWdiBg our contest as a ^ar betwoen Greek Md Greek^y J '^^ ^, fif TSi" 5^ V , * ,"'■ -=!»~--«^'--.*p«*fe' '■!g**j .«»-^ i >Vf r it* regiftleif ttign placed tht :ter or tbentVjrv »«doin) it is that h to tba aoldicr ive victoriaa to , and which haa lobe. ItiiflLena*. , and gai^ them ties, onsroond knd; and^twice -ts of their skill at be couid not tifbut honour or they displayed, 8 who had seen er encountered ow America ia ms, 80 her sona alour. Worth ^Decaturs, our DOS or Nelsons^, he creatures of [escendants of •sing that there English nobil. 1 only to usurp lie and vicious that we could the sea. TM H>th won by % couraee; the d by the arm» i amon^^st the 1 their defeats i^e at lasl c^- hem J the-iia<« < »ey have even tories, by re* k wid Greekf k; S^^HISTORT^ OF THE WAR. ^ teriToMit^^^ ^iter •"*^."••^« *«*"*ted by d»J8 Of her renown!' ^ d^tingaishcd Greece in thi with the cooperation nf Z-' • j «wenipt was madei- P088e«iionofSi?hXmSl"T'*?°'*^'°*^'»»^^ to regain the e^my w^fou?t^'Z'>?i^ pression to be made bv - f^^*^- ^""^^^ 'or *nj im- gallant younrore* efc^lT^'^*•°*'°'»**»^»e• 'The «oon fou^nd SatTe et"y Vi^^^^^^ but renderthe caoture nftuF ,^"^'" ■"ch strength, as to afttrT^^e^Eonflict Jetu?il^*''T''f? * heTberefore? 088 of a valuabloX'er ma?nr H ^ *'"PP'"^ ^»"» ^^ w killed aad wounS V2 5°'l"**' *»«* «*«»* »i^ty »f Kentucky. tK„!3^?''«^ ^"^ '**tor major Daahea, ie8s; the BStish'^ttta^LttTtsTfTM^^!^ Joseph, were destroved a r* i . ** M*ry»8 and St. modo^' Sinclair K; o(^h fi?^ ">« "''"'J' ^o™- and Tygress, to cut off th/. "^'•ooners, the 'Scorpion W ^WCre'^ffr^L'^^^^^^ penour force of theeneinir«15^ Mrprwed by a very su- great slaughter. ^' *°^ earned V boarding,ifter «ei:^n\ltee?m:VcfedT'^;^^*«^ -«» -bout my'8 country, rd'afterrfi*!*^™™ Detroit into the ene- in the n^SoIrhoi"^ te^S/"^ stores, anftaking one hu^rJ .nH'^ff^*^'*^^'"^ their turned without l-^^ .ift.W'.JLrt. ^dij ■"-««WIKS«3>, --*-' yV*ji.iv w.'«' ^,^ A-»M; 988 HISTORY OP THE WAR. CHAPTER XVII. : •ppomted to command th« lOt^ ScJlt? ^far" •ionf from the^British-Diilonh • ^I "*" W«heo- force for deie«cc^t,^^J^T" -'«*^tihgan efficient Alextndri*. -"'^^^T °y Walhinyton-The plunder of ^^ta:r;S^i{|JW carried on bring. U8 back to the At UnX? *^^ *° ''*"°"«» o"ce more tMrn^of sprinit, the BrH "^'T*- ^^t^ «>« re^ bf tie Gh6«,nelk^ h,!J?r ^^^'^^at'^^n on the wtteni greater ^reveirLfoi^^^^^ eitent^ti" ken of, E^hTdef/nce Sth. • r! ««*"'» already gpo- consisting of a cutter tlSf '"u'*! ""* «"naller five«, commodore Barnes and wl « ^^at galUnt veteFan! verely represTeTJfe inZ.H M "''*"^^ occasions, se- but on the apjearwcfof a^r^i-^ *^W « "cbooners. a number ofW^to ^t u ,T//.P\''''^ deijpatched ed his flotilla by^il to saLn^ en^ed the enem^scM^^.^'i^^**"**'- ««re he edJbeatingthem^V^^^^^^^^^ «.ii;JbIeaCk^^,i*;'A^^^^^ -'««-^- twenty ba.tes. ^^fter a "majt icti^n Z^h*"^""" "^ ?er^^teftt» i^«^Sot,thatVe;j;:tr::?^^^^^ ■<<^ <.' f* m r a tur^ ce more th« re*. tice of waters Qt«UU Ijrspo- nverg, barges, Bteran» »8, se- ke first «ner», itched irder- Kre he «eed- rypp' ) uUt their ifor- land were eigh- )» at >iied ,<^ w (.' / HISTORV OP THE WAJt 291 t;«t7iIi3J**irPV*'* frequently repeated until the «weBt7-iixt|i, when the O^mmodore, havioir receiviJ^^! £ I^i^i"* of «rtinen« .„d marln^JmlS ^Ij .»ejJnerajV^u»dron, of which two of tJie veMel/S2J to deVtrov'iJ'PJ?'"^'**^^ the uniform pracUei •tter g3«.^!„f -P?;'"*' .^•■•'•.^ »^»3^ the tobacVo, a£ were S?^K^;"?"''J* "^^roe* to Joi" them wS WestlnSir. 5!LAi V'^^V"?"* '" *'«^«''y in the and even ^ffl...!*^**""'?'*®'* ""^ individualg,. in easy vertv L;? r"*.f""'''"""**°'^«"' ^"^re reduced to d«^ TavL !•„?"•' «»> ant attempts were made by geA gen/rd^y^ffi'n^fficf^^^^^^ '^^'«'""«'^' -- wag wounrfA*^. Jj L J ^^'^•nsale, genera Taylor ton. MShaUmJV.57- */u.'''*J'"*»"^» or Washing. eitberof tteJe DiaceS nr 11? **"**'i* »°'P'-f«i»n upon fi^iiT 11- P'aceg, or even upon Annan^ilig and Nnr i^^i^*l"P'^*r'?^'yp™^«yi°theXSu^^^ iSL^L.Ji''1f.J?**'? ft'^gft that the enemy had receiv eaalesson which wddd render him cautious^in attac^ng fi i ,* v-;.« ■-•mii^^,Mmmt&^imui^mm^^.ai,':iMs<^^ ^- :-r<. •■■■ ' '' .■ ■■■,"■ " : / ' SOO HISTORY OF THE WA«^ the more conBiderabie towns. But the raddeD and hd- foreseen events of Europe* had entirely changed tto face of things } Britain was now able to supplj what she was .._ not possessed of the jear before, ^ powerful land force. Towards the latter end of June, onrgovernment received certain intelligence from Messrs. Gallatin and Bayard, that our enemy was determined not to let slip the op- portunity of gratifying revenge, and was about to send powerful reinforcements to America. From the English prints it appeared that England was extravagantly elated by her success, and took to herself the whole merit of the great events on the continent, and ip reality belieived her- sel f the mistress of the world. She was well acquainted with our situation ; she knew that the regular troeps on the Canada frontier could not at this momeutbe with- drawn, leaving powerful armies to penetratcMhe northern states; and she knew that it was impossible in the short Space of time, which had elapsed since the occurrence of the singular change in the state of Europe, which no statesijftan-had foreseen, to embody a considerable and efficient force." The American cities were all exposed to attack by land, aMough tolerably fortified against any -approach by water. '^ few thousand regulars were scat- tered along a coast of fih«^n hundred miles, and the only force to be opposed to thei>^veteran soldiers, was inexpe- ^ rienced militia drawn togetmr on the spur of the occa- sion. There is no doubt that thei militia constitutes the best materials for armies, because iiidrridiually they are acr tuated by higher motives than the enlisted soldier can al- ways be J but in order to be ^efficient, to^we the words of the great friend of this species of force, (Fletcher of Sal- ten,) "' they must be on a rightfoot;" they mustbe encamp- ed, disciplined, harmonised, accustomed to see danger, and the different corps taught to rely on each other, to obey and confide in their officers. This is not the work of a day. In the open fields where military evolutions are necessary, the novelties of the scene, as well as the want of reliance on each other, renders it impossible for this description of force to encounter, with enisct, tai army of *fc 4 !t ' rjv.. - "^fi':- I HISTORY OF THE WAR. 301 veterans, used to dangers, -d regularly comoactcd hr .™ke„e.l b, .he da„g,rr?.*SlS,etf Z7et Of the reinforcements, ntendcd For the fl^Pt lujl 1 Chesapeake, should be true,-^altd a council ofZ ^5^ afl t*™";*^' «^"d suggested the%'o7ie ^f coll S^ lllst thrpf k" ''•?'" '•^''*^''' «f forming a camp ofat ^l*!;Tra?c^^d^hT£tu^^:^^^^^^^^ Jeast ten thousand miliUaVt WasL^on 'ft«J\- f "' 7^','''t^.u"''V^' approbation ||^";„d^the;e is m iisii arms. Steps were immediately taken in furtheranr^ ginia,. besides tlje whole quota of the diafrirf „f r^i &., j™.«„ti„g ta two .lL,.„u' I'ret m.k „°g '^n'T whole fifteen thousand, which it wim thnn„iS ij ^ith the exception af the Sars th^f.-nff P"" ' ^"*' yet quietly at their homes, t^eSUternarhr/ ""'•' derable distance, and the work offilTuKl^em ourem* voidable dela^ requiring time, and causing una- districUf O'&f 2^^^^^^^ of Maryland, the and on the fifth of J. Ir ^k/ ^ rg,n a, was f?)rmed, / §' jj'iJwafefcJBJMfe.aai.n a^^f^ n 802 HISTOUy OF THE WAR. % gn paper J and whether they couW be to"^ht i^^^^^^^^ «re of distinctioh. ani tVe sincere ^^ishwJrf !•* were , ail ^1?' gjvwnour of P,nD8,l,.„i,, matte™ rorce a draft 5 but that he vould appeal to the natriotMiiii aJ 2n ^: I • l*L **'' <*^ *'•« seventeenth of July, eiirht K w,a^^*l • •■ V^'^S'^nei*^ had «««,n»ed the command! he was authorized to call upon the governourTpJJa! ylvania for the proportion of that sSte: but this K ^eXT'^'^T "•"*^' '' •;'"^«° late^^'Kefttt, how JJ ?!*''*'*"» '* ""^'iy conjectural, as it coild^ t •. tte- WAR. HISTORY OF THE WAR. 308 ?1y ardi^ous and diffi. as to defend the im- lington, existed only be brought into the ties beyond bis con- upon the general, in and make every ar- n little better than a 9 be regretted, that, »t declined the com- rtaioly reqi#e^ no troops act«4M^ as^ the fielii./TSe de- •wish 1o^««rVe his nsidera(ion,^and he ! moment of his ap- the country, and m uaintance with all d be most likely to of his district, and as a work of consi- At the same mo- collectingaforce} 'ed : the govemour for three thousand idred could be col. isylvania, matters Secretary at War, itate of the militia it no power to en- l1 to the patriotism ijection would not nth of July, eight nfid the command, vernourof Peon. :e; but tiiis letter The effect, how- -al, as it could be depended OB the Thus seven thousand men were at once thrown out of ^question, and of the remaining eight thousand mea of this army on pajier, two thirds at least must be de- ducted in allowing for other failures. Towards the be- ginninspof August, the ge^ieral had about a thousand re- gulars, upon which he could count with certainty, and about four thousand militia, the greater part yet at their homes ; besides this disappointment in tae contemplated force, he was involved in perplexity by not knowing where the encm^ intended to stiike, Baltimore or Wash- ington ; for admitting that this force had been sufficient to defend one place, it was not sufficient to defend Both at the same time. On the failure of the draft in the state of Maryland, the force then embodied at Annapolis was, by the consent of the governour, taken as part ot the state requisition ;«and a brigade of Maryland militia, under general Stansburv, was also placed at the disposal of ge- neral Winder } but the inhabitants of Baltimore, near which they were collected, could not think of permitting them to leave the cjty, without reluctance, considering their own exposed situation. Here is an impartial statement of the causes which re- suited in the subsequent disaster ; for under the circum- stances, it scarcely could have happened otherwise, with out one of those extraordinary turn^ of fortune, upon which we have no right to calculate. It is wrong in us to throw the blame escluMvely on all, or any of the ngents on the occasion. The blame must be shared by the nation, and partly by our political institutions ; nor do I think the worse of tnein for their want of energy in assuming promptly a military attitude : we should have to resign too many blessings to possess the capacity ; un- less our militia can be regularly classed and disciplined. The expected reinforcements «rrived in the Chesa- giake about the beginning of Augilst, under admiral ochrane, who was soon joined by the fleet in great force, under admiral Malcom. The expedition was destined against Baltimore or Washington, but until tlie last mo- ment, it wad uncertain against which in partictd|tr. To increase this perplexity, the enemy divided his force into- three parts, sending one up the Potomac, under captMn r -^ _rf»f. >4i •■•-'•■. -«« ^ ^"-eadj jomed gene- -- withliT^:^j;S:t this tune, while the enen,^ nomorfe tkan threrthousand li^n^^'^ ' ^^ ^'»« head 7f ^hom were militia just Xatn ™*?' ^'*««n hundred of ««!^n.iIitiahadnot!^'etarrv;,l'"*°f*["P- '^he Baltt polls, and the Virginia dtnT' 1°*^ *''««« ^-o-n Anna- .^he general's camp w^ a ttrw *' 7"'« ^» their way 'n doubt whether t'he BriUsh^ •„^°3'^^*"' ' '>« «^s sdl of the incpadtj, of We cVl/l?'?!.''" '"'*'=' '""x-Wk 1 he City cVuld mali. „r 7 ;' ""» "oment for defen„ the .site ?nX„;°„is'Sr.%J»' "••'»f repeC faking advaneageous il^fi ""f ""'r h»pe Iwas iS Wdered wi(h^7,?^'«'°n» "• the broke; g^j^ :'y " \v»u— ..._,,^^ WAR. ? Fort Warbarton, VVasfvngton ; the ireaten Baltimore : tuxent, apparently 'dore Banieyf^ flo"- ^ead of that river, Djn discovered, of ded to Benedict, '.gust, and by the' «on of their land 'iber of six thou- Nottingham, and ugh. The British >?, ascending the ■.'ght flank o? the •ng the flotilla of 7 sailors left for «dj joined gene- ^ile the enemy at the head of en hundred of P- The Balti- •se from Anna- e on their way. d 5 he was stili n attack upon ittle resistance 'e to the ships 7 to Washing. ^^ Qf aftacTc •not make it, ct knowledge t for defence. t of repelling hope was in ken ground, » which they ch as to,ena- » would not ngthern ef- mSTORT OF THE WAR ^cfoadly woul IK * ^^ after «ti..™f-"' *he Br tish nrm- .* On the af- I covered BiaM *":? ^^<^^ caUeZfe i^V!" ''« ^«'' / and Port Wa^^"'■«^' *''« '>"dses oi th?p,?''^'A ^'^'^'^ directions ti^J'*"" ' ^o"- «' wm uZi^?*'*,^''" ^'-anch, / roe, the 8ecr.V"*"7 '"t^riJIfedTo nu,^„ ''" S'",^'* «f these I reconnoitrinir%hl '^ counsel, and activJu i ^^^''** ' ^y the pSentl^'lTy ' «» th s even^rh^ ^"S'*^^ ''» •'tuationoffi, ' evening. The anrl^., ' ^''? ''«'nain- terreit'8 rpo-im«„* iT? 'oMowine ^— ^-j i 6« ^^^^-J^w cot ttiaaB 4 — '!J !! i ' .gi!-. ' ."-'" i> " * " * " " W . 'I W mh Hi 396- HlSTCmr OF THE WAR^ amountecWe twro thoOTtnd men. About twelve o*elock at night, the secretary of state arriTed at the kenerara quarters, and coinmuaicatins the circumstance of the enemy's advance on general Winder, advised him to fall in the enemy's rear immediately; but the general ob- jected, otf the score, of having been ordered to this post, and besides, that hiji men were somuch harassed and fiitgued by their march, a eonsiderable portion having just arhved, that it would be impossible. During the night several false atarms were given, by which the troops twere prevent^ from taking repose, which they somuch required aftOr their fatigues, to the greater part •t them unaccustomed. On the receipt of the intelli- gence of the retreat of general Winder, Stansbiiry, in consulUtion with his officer^ determined to move towards the City. Before day he crossed the bridge, and after securing his rear, halted for a few hours. Early in the morning he again jnoved f6rWard, witira view of takihg possesswtt of some ground for defence, when ortiers were received from general Winder, to give battle to the ene- my at Bladensbni^gh; he therefore retraced his steps, and*etween ten and eleven o^clock the troops were halted in an orchard fiel^, to the left of the road from Washington to that place. About this time colonel •Monroe, at the request of general Winder and of the preshJent, reached the brigadje of general Stansbory, and ofered his assistance in forming the brigade, so as to dispute the pass with the enemy j his aid was thank- fui^ accejited j the enemy was then within three miles, m full march. The best arnmgements the tihie wotild permit, were made. About five hundred yarda from the bridge,* the artillery, consiftthig of six sii-pounders, under the com- mand ot captajilis Myers and Magruder, was posted be- hind a kind of breastworlc } major Pinkney'a riflemen * were placed in ambush to theright and left, so as to an- noy the enemy inattempting to ford the stream, and at the same time to support the artillery. The fifth regi- ment was drawn up about fifty yards in the rear ; and Mterwards, perhaps injudiciously, removed mnotk fur- ther j the other parts oftb* ^ brigade were se disposed, a» L yj ««?'•' PI" I.I I IWlj^M, >»#"I(JI R^^^.J^^' ^'P HISTORY OF THE WAR. 30(r twelre oVlock t the general's nstance of the ised him to fall the general ob> ed to this post, harassed and portion having e. Durinjg ti» by which the le, which thejr he greater pafC of the intelli- Stansbiirj, in » more towards idgej and after Early in the view of takifig len orders were ttle to the ene- ced his steps, i troops were the road front > time colonel er and of the Stansbory, and [ade, so as to rd was thank» m three miles, permit, were . fie bridge/ the nderthe com- vas posted be- ney's riflemen 't, so 'as to an- itream, and at The fifith regi. the rear ; and ed niuob fur- >e ^i^Ktsed) t» L to support tte artillery, and annoy the enemy in his ap- proach. Shortly after this order was formed, maior Beall arrived with about five hundred men from Anna- polis, and ^s posted higher up in a wood on the riglit of the road. General Winder, by this time, bad brouglit up \ ilf mam body, and formed it in a line to the riijht and ' left of the road, in the rear of Stansbury's brigade, and ibe detachment under Beall, with the'heavy artillery, uMer commodore Barney, posted on an eminence near the rd«4. This line had scarcely been formed^ when the engageniwt commenced, and the president and heads . of departm^, who had until now been present, with- drew ; the prudent conceivine it proper to leave the di- rection of the codifeat to tlie military men. About twelve o*btcKk the enemy's column made its appearance on the hill w»iich overhangs the stream, and moved down towards the bridge, throwing rockets, and apparently determined to fdN^ the. passage. He novr made an attempt to throw a Strolg body of infantry across the stream, but a few well directed shot from the artillery, cleared the bridge, and compelled the enemy precipitately to shelter himself behind some houses neap rt, and apparently having suffered considerably. The ■re was briskly kept up, and after a considerable pause, a large column ranidly advanced in the face of the batte- ry, which, ahbough managed with great spirit by officers of acknowledged skill and courage, was unable to re- press them 5 they still continued to push forward their column, which was constantly reinforced, until they were able to form a considerable body on the Washing. ton road. The enemy had not advanced far, when a part I ei the nffe corps, discharged their pieces and fled,in spite of the efforts of their commander, and of major Pinkney, to rally them. The remainder began the lire too soon, but wHh some execution. The Bntish were every mo- ment drawing nearer the artillery, which could no longer be brought to bear upon them ; and besides, there were no troops suiBciently near to afford a support j it then became urtavoidably necessary for it to retire, and was followed by major Pinkney's riflemen. One piece of ar* tiKery was spiked antf left behind. Tiie whole fell back *:* '^""tM*"***^"**"'***' 909 HISTORY OF THE WAR. ^ upon the fifth regiment, the neawst rallying point A volunteer company of artillery now opeheaa cross fire upon the enemy, who were advancing through the or- chard, but with not much effect ; but, from the shelter of the trees, they were enabled to open a galling fire upon the fifth regiment. Colonel Sterr^tt was ordered to ad- vance, which he did promptly, until again halted, in consequence of the other two regiments, of Stansbury's brigade, having been thrown into confusion by rockets, and having begun to give way. In a few minutes they took to flight, in despite of the ^exertions of general Winder, of general Stanabury, and other ofiicers, to ral- ly them. Sterrett's regiment, Burch's artillery, and major Pinkney'S riflemen, still maintained their ground with great firmness, and evinced a disposition to make a gallant resistance ; but the enemy having by this time outflanked them, Uiey were ordered to retire ; this was unfortunately effected in confusion and disorder, the unavoidable consequence with militia, in its retreat. Thus the first line was completely rotated. The Balti- more artillery had before this taken a position higher up on the hill. On the right, colonels Beale and Hood, (commanding the Annapolis militia, had thrown forward A small detachment under colonel Kramer, which, after maintaining its ground some time, with considerable in- jury to the enemy, retired upon the main body. Soon after the retreat of this detachment, the enemy's column, marching along the turnpike road, was suddenly expose^ iff* \ i ''«^-', «MW« >mm mmr Iljinjg point A enea a cross fire through the or- )m the shelter of galling fire upon IS ordered to ad- again halted, in , of Stansbury's ision by rockets, Bw minutes they :ions of general ir officers, to ral- s artillery, and led their ground tsition to make a ng by this time retire ; this was d disorder, the in its retreat, id. The Balti- sition higher up eale and Hood, thrown forward ler, which, after considerable in- un body. Soon ;nemy*s column, iddenly exposed openea an eigli> leared the coad; again repulsed they attempted passing through captain Miller, rhe enemy con- upon the militia ineffectual fire. is left to niain- I longer appear- ishing forward a the commodortt f HISTORY OF THE WAR. 509 was wounded, and his horse killed under him, while se-; veral of his officers and men fell near him. His corps was by this timir outflanked on both sides, and in the confusion, the ammunition wagons had been driven oft*. His men were therefore ordered to retreat, the commo- dore himself was taken prisoner, and his pieces fell into^ the hands of the enemy. The Georgetown and City militia and the regulars, still remained firm, having been stationed in the rear of the second line, in positions the most convenient for an- noying the enemy, and supporting the other corps.* These being in danger every moment of being out'flank- ed, orders were sent to general Smith, to retreat towards the city. Had the state of the Eritish troops been known, this order would have been highly injudicious ; it has since appeared, that they were at this moment, faint- ing with fatigue, and that, supposing the whole American force routed, they had onl^ pushed forward a detach- ment of their army ; there is no telling what effect miglit have been prod|iced by their coming thus suddenly in contact with what would have appeared the main body of the Americans. After proceeding a fipw hundred paces, they were joined by a regiment of Virginia militia, which had arrived in the city the evening before, but had not been ready till now to take the field. General Win- der 9till entertained hopes of being able to rally his troops, and of fighting the enemy between this place and Washington ; he had ordered the Baltimore artillery to move on towards the city, and expected to find that the cavalry and Stansbury's command, had falFen down the road to that place : he thbughi that they might yet be rallied on the regulars, and Cit/ and Georgetown troops, so as to make another stru^le to sav« the capital. With this view he rode forward tor the purpose of selecting a position, but he' soon found that instead of jnaToving to- wards Washington, they had scattered in ^very direc- tion, and as it afterwards appeared, the greater part had fled towards Montgpmery court-house. No words can pourtray the grief of the City and Georgetown militia, at being thuft compelled to retire, without having had the slightest opportunity of defending their fire-sides and r- X \ 310 HISTORY OF THE WAR. ^^ i feelC £ ff"**! T^**' ^°x' ^* ^"™°'^ » matter of Derlf^K ?*^»«*4*^ '"jury. It was at most but a des- Ki?^^'"*''*^'*°" *•»«?»«■* of the enemy, ^ho was com alpL *f/*'^'**.^'T." the contest, Xr..than to ex- asperate the people o^his country, and df disposing bJJi parties to jom m carrying on the war. To use Se^com. mon language, it was the name of the thing which nro duced mortiScation, for there was nothing Wderfuf^ newfntt^^.S?" troops stealing a'^rrchiji^ berorrlr.Sr^'^ Th"' *"^* 'Jef^tiLan eau.ir«m! "eroi ra*rrailitia. The greater part of our force ar* lohtT^' 'P°* '? '^T^ * *'•»« ^^''^ the batt r« no ifl fh w".^*™'"f*.*a.^''^ «^«° «««« slight repoS after their fatigue j the different corps and thiir oSs were unknown to each other, and to the commSl harf *n'112*^"J'"*** *f ™^''°« * P^^*'"^"* regular forciJ ftad to be made at the very moment of battle? That we ^ouldhave bwa defeated under such circumstances, is not to be wondered at, and furnishes no i»ference u^ I ■^ > >■ HISTORY OP THE WAR. I ^ . „, ,„„ WAR., _ 31, success, had t moved atth^tn!I»!rf^ • '"' *"* •*«•"« on general WiSer Thn h. J k V" ""'"" P"""* knewledged merit and «J"i^^* ^^^.'^l P*'''*^*^ moreaq- ment when he required S«nl ? T*''i*'*' ** * "«>- fcwion in whirh^hf „. ^*°*^®; he abandoned a pro- •acrificei a h,c4tive oZ^JT!^^^ distinguished^ i„d t'^fa""^ .Sfrenr iat^^ -^If whL de/ounced everfon^of 1?:'*' 'T'^^^ «»'"« ^^^ buted either money ^rLrLnnl ^^'^T P^^J. that contri- «»r. When wp ~.«ir Al^ services m support 6f the party feding aUh^t momU^.* extraordinary Zlence 1^ condtmninc a man \^^^^^^ ""^^ *° ^« <^«»«o«8 in derationT.^'^Srs^rvl/SXVe"'" ^"f^'; ' government ^ «cYwte nuuseJt to the support of X di£ HISTORY OP THE WAR. W /, ^ half from the capital, he entered the deserted citj, at the head of about seven hundred men. Wc have now to record thfe climax of that Vandal barbarity, exhibited , "by Great Britain, during this war. The Amerioan metro- polis, or more properly it^ 8ite> was entered by'them without opposition ; they found about nin^ hundrcU hou- ses) scattered in groups over a surface of three miles, and two splendid buildings, probably the finest s'pecimens of architecture in the new world ; the capitol, though still unfinished, presented a noble structure ; and the presi- dent's house, in point of taste, rivalling any building ini Europe. By the admirer of the arts of ^very country, these splenilid edifices could not be contemplated with- out pleasure, nor their destruction without the most in- dignant feelings. Admiral Cotfkburn, already so unfa- vourably known in the United States for the species of devastating and plundering hostility which he had di- rected, now, conjointly with general Ross, who, on this octasion, withered every lalirel he had gained in honour- able war, issued orders for the conflagration of these no- ble edifices, with the valuable libraries of the capitol,and all the furtjiture and articles of taste,, or value, which they contained. The grf at bridge across tlie Potomack, ■was also wantonly burnt, together with an elegant htitel, and several other private dwellings. This base and sa- vage destruction, is detailed in the official letter of the British general, as a matter of perfect indifference. The blaze produced bythe conflagration, was seen even in Baltimore, giving a terrible warning to its inhabitants. All that was combustible about tfte capitol and the nresi- den{'» house, was reduced to ashes, and the walls of these stately buildings, blac^kened and broken in melan- choly ruin, remained for a,time, the monuments of Bri- tish barbarity. The American, who saw them long after, could scarcely r«frain from sweariAg in his heart eternal hatred to Britain. " I have seen the walls of Balclutha, but they were desolate ; the fire had rea,ounded in their halls." These are the words of one of Ossian's heroes, on beholding ^he ruins of his father's halls. On the consultation of the president with the heads of departments, it was resolved to destroy the publick stores f. ■!&■ Vi'^ tShr",:-i niSTOliY OF THE WAR. StS ^!ffi^:xs;:ifi^S"a„::;: stores, and veswK were se? o^ fi^ ^ i bu.ldlngB, tu^, that they mewt to proceed immediately to aitl more, the inha^itanto ef tKat place were in the «-ea^l«V consternttion, which the arrival of tEitv mihtS^ ?p*!f ?f^ii:LVi'r^H "" •i"*^'''^^ ^ ••'^^- ^ -S Sf ^escribed. In the midst of this d shearteninK oanick; Eri.^^* '^ ander generals Smitli and .Strid^er, they Cffir^f^!r'''^?A'*PP°** *'•* enemy.and m all pro^ S wh,vt !i„r"'^ ''*^.* "'*•** *»>*' ^««P«~te resist, ance. which renders even inexperienced troJps srfperiouf hL^P. ' r ' ^'^l" fiRhting for their familieranneir homea. General Winder, with all the force he could collect, proceeded rapidly to Baltimore j by this thnei tS *PP''~^ V' ''»^ «"«»h had retired to tS '< J^?® squadron under captain Gordon, consistino- of e1gl.t sat , passed Fort Warburton two days after hire- treat of the Bntish. Tl>e fort had beeaYbaSdoned and teJrjP ''y ,<=??*«•« »J«on, in a most extraoXar? Sr'k'PT'**^^^ "?.'**'• '^^ influence of the dXdfd? Ki„Hni'^^'°r"^ «'"*^*''«^- «» o"^*" had been fo Ji ?r '' *"'^' '" *="« «f a° attack by the land 8ure^()n8f» ?'.''* -^T^^} proper to take this Tnea- JndrU?«i5 *t'^*"?'?'"*''' ''•* squadron reached Alex- «K.1ii *-^i ^^^ infiabitant. of tfiat place, being com- Jffer1iZ*f ' ^K^"" ^ ^^ .*='»P*»*°» were compefledTo Offer terms for the preservation of the town from confla- 2/ ■^1|r-^ >-?_ K|ii|«in«lU|UiM4Uf «14 HISTORY OF THE WAR. 1 I gration and pillase. Tb6 insatiable aviarice of the «De- nnr imposefl the hardest conditions: ail thfi merchandise of every description, whether in town« or removed since the nineteenth, was required to be put on board the ship* |>ii^, then at the whaif, at the expense of the inhabitants, and the whole delivered to the enemy ; that even such vessels as had beeiji sunk, should be delivered up. These terms, somewhat modiied, wereicom]^lied with jand the captain descended witii a fleet of prize vessels, and a rich booty. In the meantime,l|>reparation8 had been made in haste, by the naval heroeji, captains Porter and Perry, to throw difficulties in the way of his descent. The first, at the battery of the Wnite House, was assist- ed by general Huneerford's brigade of Virginia militia, and captain Humphrey's rifle company ; and at the bat- tery at Indian Head, captain Perry was supported by the brigade of general Stewart, and the volunteer com- panies of major Peter and captain Burch. From ^e third, until the si^ of September, the British vessels were greatly annoyed in passing Ihese batteries. Fre- quent attempts were also made by commodore ^((gers* bv approaching the fleet with fire-vessels i but owing to a cnaBKe of wind, l^y proved ineffectual. These respec- tive hM>ces were afterwards concentiWted under commo- dore Rodgers, at Alexandria ; he determined to defend the place, should the enemy, who was not yet out of s^t of the battery, think proper to retuml Sir Peter Parker, who ascended th^ not so fortunate as tiie other ofl^cers. in the neighbourhood of Moor's Fielt surprising a party of vulitia, encamf mand of colonel tleid. Chesapeidie, was lelanaed At night with the view of under the com- In tilts he wasldisappointed, for- the militia having heard the approach of the Mrges, were prepared to receive bim< Sir Peter Parker having land- ed, moved forward at the head of abodt two hundred ai|d fifty men ; bat on approaching withib seventy yardsM the Americans, they received a heavy] fire ; lie endea- voured to prefs. forward on the centre oftthe line; in this he was foiled,- and threw himself on the! flank, where h^ was also repuls^. Colonel l|eid beink informed that 'the cartridges were nearly expended, qp-deied hu nea ..| Af / :,Y^'-- WAR. e avarice of the ene- : all the merchandige vDf or removed since ;>ut on board the 8hip^ se of the inhabitants^ my; that even such delivered up. These inplied with ; and the prize Vessels, and a eparations had been captains Porter and way of his descent, te House, was assist- of Virginia militia* any ; and at the bat- y was su|^rted by d the volunteer com- 1 Burch. From ti^e , the British vessels hese batteries. Fre* ommodore fio^gers* sels J but owing to a ual. These respec- ted under commo- rmined to defend not yet out of s^t •nV Chesapeake^ was • lamled at night , with the view of under the com- msldisappointed, for- h of the bar^s, were Parker liaving land* DUtltwo hundred ai|4 lift keventy yardaM avyl fire ; ne endea« •e ofthe line ; in this 1 the flank, where h^ being informed that ed, oirdend hit mea HISTORY OP THE WAR. 315 to retire a small distance until they could be supplied, wmmrfiS I P'^'PT '" '^^""^ ' ^^'•^J'*'^ «*"» them the rZ after. ^"^ "^ °'" '*'" *'' ^**^ ^"'^^'^ w»»o ^ied mnS" !.*'*'*r I'® "^ ^^ashington, we have seen, excited the t"e?nKli rr''^^ throughout the United States! aoJinjlT. V?''T."*^^*''* "^"P"* ^«'-« *t first levelled fS Sfi M ^'^ole acTmintstration, but soon settled in lay- ^^nekiw!:;r*^^w"'^'''°"..^*^« secretary at war Jd fh?^ ^^^l ^® *•■« w'»>ng to throw (he blame any It wSnTr/'' u f i^^^'^^g^ ourselves in the fauft^ litir^onJH nnf ?"'^ H^*^^ secretary at war that the mi- ra ^VinHll^^f •'^'^ °"*' "*"• ^*« '* **>« ''avit of gene- stand Sir ^^^i*** S''^*'"'' P"'"' ""^^'^ t'-^ops would not f» w f ^™"°'*J "*"■ ^*« *h« administra ion to blame h* 1 ?r^""» *^* *'^«"** »" Europe, which no mal in fSflv S; y.^^^«»'^eivod. The P^^ident was shime" fully abused in the newspapers ofthe day, for not suffer- prt ' «: f 5 t' Y'""' «"^'"?' o^r'at least taktn ^a2Z' w?'? *"'.".T r •■« t***" ^is station, or years, S finiJ^Ji?* T'^ ^' ^^"^ ''"•^«' *'■*«'• the city WM dSr fe '/™*['*''" *rP*^ The questibn is rU aiculous. He returned immediately to the city after it rnt^Z ^7*^"»ted by the enemy, and from it/smoking ruins issued a proclamation, which did honour to hi! hirmindoM •' """^''^''^ *^"^^'' ^« ^'^'^ the despond, ijg mind of lus country. Against the secretary at war the cry was every where so loud, that the oresidenJ' of suspending his functions for a time: this his nS jvould-not permit hiu, to do, and he therefore resided iuErtha'tVJh fr^ '^"?'' '' ^^ne'rrRj.lXoe itls siid Siri *^™^« •"'probability of the attempt, i» 18 said, that the secreUry at war could not be persuadi |it^il>>wfi* iiJ ii iii>.ij,inji,;iHir.»i i w^^ ^ 316, HISTORY OF THE WAR. ed, until the last moment, that it was seriously intended'. General Winder demanded an examination of his con- duct, and & court, of which general Scott was president, honourably acquitted him. The character of Great Britain will not soon recover from the infamy cast upon it, in consequence of the vio- lations of the laws of civilized warfare^ committed on our coast. The conflagration of Washington, and the plun- der of Alexandria, not te mention the despicable species of bucaniering practised on the defenceless inhabitants, are without a parallel in modem wars. Napoleon^ whom the British denominate the modern Atilla. entered tiie capitals of the principal nations of Europe, but-was never disgraced by such wanton and uniustifiable destruction. These acts, grossly barbarous as ttey are, assumed still h deeper infamy by the effrontery and falsehood with which they, were justified. A letter from admiral Coch- rane to the secretary of st&te, dated the day previous to debarkation, though not delivered until after the burning of the capital, stated, that having been called upon by the governour general of tlie Canadas, to aid him in car- rying into effect measures of retaliation against the inha- bitants of the United States, for the wantoris^estruction committed by the army in Upper Canada, it became im- periously his duty, conformably with the nature of the governour general's application, to issue to the naval force under his command, an order to destroy and lay waste such towns and districts upon the coast, as might be found assailable. The secretary of state, colonel Monroe, had no other difficulty in answering this extraordinary letter, than sjucb as arose from the shocking depravity, which could thus unblushingly publish its falsehoods in tlie face of day» He could with truth reply, that in no instance had the United States authorised a deviation from the known usages of war. That in the few cases in which there had been even a charge against them, the government had formally disavowed the acts of its officers, at the same time .subjecting the conduct of such officers to punish- ment or reprobation. That amQi|it those few, the charge of burning the pirliament house in Upper Canada, was V. f WAR. as seriouslj- intendetL lamination of his con> I Scott was presHlentf will not soon recover msequence of the vio- aret committed on our lington, and the pliin- the despicable species sfenceless inhabitafits, irs. Napoleon^ w.bom n Atilla. enter^ the Surope, but-was never ustifiable destruction. lej are, assumed still r and falsehood with ir from admiral Coch- d the day previous ta intil after the burning been called upoa bj as, to aid him in ear« tion against the inha- e wantotltfyestruction 'anada, it became im- ith the nature of the D issue to the naval tr to destroy and lay 1 the coast, as might [onroe, had no other rdinary letter, than pravity, which could )ds in tlie face of day* no instance had ^e ion from the knowa ea in which there had the government had officers, at the same :h officers to punish- those few, the chai^ Upper Canada, was HISTORY OF THE WAR. 317 now for the Erst time brought forward ; until now, such an accusation had not been'made against the Americans ; on the contrary, one of the most Respectable civil ^inC taonar.es a that place, had addressefa letter of thanks to general Dearborne, for tl^e good cond uct of the trooos •• and moreover, that when s.r George Prevost sfx m^Bfla atrthtu'?^n^.p^\^-^^^^^^^ fchJ^ *K ' "^ ^^^"^''■'J"^^^ wa» not mentioned. Bu what ,n the mean time, it was asked, were the aS ? »£ rl •''^ ^"'^ ^''^ «»evastations on the shores S Lake Champlain, the conflagrations and plundering on ti^e.«»acoastj were these fn retaliation for burS the St'Tto Zl ' -^'^ this building of such Sise L -fj A ^ '^®.?*'*'' '* ""possible for the nation to atone for Its destruction ? But we were told, tha thJ« were PontandVZ'"^^ *.'T ^'^«^«^°'* huts^U^j^ - roint and St. David s i And were not these unfortunati acte followed up by instant retaliation on Ur JZ?S 5^ were dismissed the service of their country, although ca Jxc 'self W^t ""^™ f-^'- o^thTeoriyTa, wcuse n Were-the conflagrations n the CJiesaiwak.. during the summer, in retaliSion for these aeteTTwVre tl ey in proy.,,i„, retaliation for the bi^^fng of New! ark ? If we do not mistake, the avowed object SfthrBri tish governour in burning four or five viErp^^^^ garrison to the sword, and lavimr waste thVNji^r^ tier, was to retaliate W b&g^t^^ew&rk,^^^^^^^ American government so promptly disavowed WW wild'Cr" "I, ^r^ »ftef tht,7edi; to'^thJ world, tliathewas doubly satisfied,. first with the disa! verldr^fcs* S^^'ui? Jr'ff^ ^^^ *^« British to co- Exchequer «SSl^ t^e irTt^TS'T ^^ «»»^"««»«' of the CMS at Ydi* « h«l !? tne British Parliament, that the Ameri- JTaS^lL iS ift f^ belonging ta the meanest individuSTeven *•'**"* andJeft the populace in a moat wretched condiUo^" JS^M^Svifnf tt'JhiTo'"'** "" 'i' river Thames, cal, »wd«ofm«iesTth.i^V ** civ.lueand improve, but * "«»«»«:«» in t|i« employment of (ireat BriUm 27* . • ■'^'-*«». ^^'"^ ..,«f.«i f ' I ^ i. . i _) ■ i ■ \ ■ ■ « i. i .i i i iyi )i |i .. i . 1 . 11 I I I i twi in ili«tBatu*Ml.;v,ifc»v« V S18 HISTORY OF THE WAlfc towa! of our government, and neit with^hi* ample mea- wire of retaliation P Why was he at this very moment an advocate for honourable warfare on the Northern fron- J*.";!. How then could the conflagration of the noble building at Waabington be in retaliation for the burn- ing a brick-house, hired for the temporary occupation of the provincial le|^slature, or for the burning of Newark, 01 a few out-pests, and the cabins or huts of hostile sa^ ▼ages ! These, by the admission of the governour, had already been four times expiated, and each ti^e by air increasing me^ure of retaliation. Such pretexts are too absurd to impose upon the most %norant. A lamentable barbaritj^ has raartied the con- duct of the British in the war throughout, very diflferent irom tb»tof the United States, who sincerely endeavour- ed to avoid whatever might stand in the way to the most friendly felations, on the resteHatien of peace. At tho yery opening ofthe war,, the British officers permitted the savages to fight by th<^r side^, while we deelmed thet^ aid; they not only made them their allies, but did not interfere ta prevent their comi^iistion of borrours, whose >jec»*a'. n»u8* shock every sebtinient o( l^menity. When the Britisb admirals visited our sea-eoast, and no com- plaints had been made asainst us; when the complaints were on our side ; when there could not have been even a pretended pretext of retaliation* they plundered and burnt the villages en the Chesapeakn tliey phindered &e defenceless^lanters of theiV stocM,^ iheir negroeft, of their tuniture, and at Hampton even transcended the abominations of the River Raisin; On the borders of Canada,- the same conftrse of burning or plunderii^ wa» pursued, ami under the ra«e e^^cited by these series of eutrages, aif American jDfocer ventured at last,^ under Ul misconstruction of the orders from his supenour, to dea» troy aQ English village ; thisttnhappy^8aair,«Mg)LadXy seized uH^e pretext, for the first avoivtd nttdiaiiimt aaA m consequeace, a whole frontier was laid w^ste i Their wtrages, until this time, were without pretut for reta- Matiim. In the mean timi, what wa« their treatment t» American prisoners, and to those who were dragged fltom their ships to ^ eA«l%v«d»«ad what wi* the toulMaUi 'At'"^'- & BISTORY OF THE WAR. . 3,9 r'l^ZtZrZV^l'^Ji" .^f"' P-'«« of ImSent (who, by the bf /i^h ;..-'** "'"'^'J' *» ^•- day, who dots not reflect with Dlemnr. .ki?" ' .* •tone, did o«rg.,er„™"„7i?'S','^ »eii«.".°l.'"; tte war coDUnaed mneh lonter, it w«^^ l'"* .b««.«aT*idaWe. It i. di°S to T.Sto'frSni'"" "» a co«p.,i«,n between the de™S ^r .^"JS* "r^'^tt" ""' "•• " *"^-™"1Sr Cite S£ ^lia^.7 plunderers shall be punished «dSi •«»% who 8haU be feund violating this order." ' I ;^' m Siifl HISTORY OF IHE TV^R. "\ i i CHAPTER X,\lfl. . , \ -■■'*.■ ^ ''" " ■ _. Sensations produced by the capture of Washington, in Europe' y^ and in England— Effect of this event in the United States- Glorious defence of Baltimore— The retreat of the British- Capture ef the British squadron on Lake Champlain— Repulse of Sir George Prevost— The British fleet leaves the Chesa- peake, and a part sails to the souths The capture of Washnigton was, at first, boaste4 of liy tlie Britisih ministry^ as a most signal exploit ; but it was. viewed in a very different light on the continent To say nothing of the prosecuting hostilities with augmented ri- gour, at a moment wjien there was a negotiation for peace, the wanton acta of barbarity roused the indigna- tion of all the powers |t>f Europe j and in the British par- ' liameot, -so great a sensation was excited, as to cai^se its .prpetrators to shelter themselves from publick odium,. % the basest faheho now. saw only a powerful nation about to precipitate her ar-, c< mies on America, with the avowed intention of desoIaU y-^ig our fair possessions. . ITie poison oC political dissen^ sions, was dead with the political death of Napoleon.; and wt^p could now say, that Britain was not actuated by tlie mere thirst for revenge, or the le8» honourable tiiirst for pluader? Tke war now came home to tjle. HISTORY OF THE WAR. 321 Mtemte and feelings of every man, and the scenes of prepajations, which were exhibited over the continent were the most animated that could be conceived. The *h?I *Sl *^'*"'\-h P**e^5*' avocations of the citizefs, wJHoh the war until now bad scarcely interrupted, were mi^'^nh r" *•** fif°*^'P»' "ties WtedWr com! Sin flnL f ^f^-*^^?*'.^'^^'^ °f *»»« population mov. ^.Ln^- 'f ? ?* "?"*''* of martial rausickfto the daily occupation of labouring on the entrenchments and forti^ waT** ni!f '^ ^i?!W I?*?'* ** fi"* »° """ch averse to the war, now exhiB\ted their characteristick activity and Sis E-C iKIM* • "• I* ^f^'f'^^^ry proof that nothing SLfSe^ln 'S'"" •"^"^""s* *»»*« seceding fromthf vSr K.f? • J '^''* governour of Vermont, who had the ISLfrn^^r^'"''^ attempt to recall the militia of the state from the service of the United States, and on which occasion the mihtia nobly refused to obey him" now en deavoured to atone for his conduct, by callinL them forth Zhfir ^'i^^'"«r»^«°^a«J'e8. always conspicuous in tfmes of STffili^'""'":^^***''^ P«*"««<^k c^onduct n ZnF^Y I'T""'' for should Baltimo e fall, durinj the panu:k which succeeded the captu,^ of \YashinS and before the other c ties would have ♦im« ♦« S. i teJjhf '" '^V"'*"^^ of d'iL'TheyTou d te I out a feeble resistance. After th« ««♦ m«..r««^fi potency, occasioned by rhe%Ze oTw^Ts^n^ton hid ff iou'ldtlfr"^ h .it w^dilcov'K^^^^^ K btiS t^#"''''* T'*''» » ^^^ ^a« o^ned, and a ^J^n^K Tk "P ?^ ^* inhabitants, on the hth ground to the Horth^ast (to effect which every class of ■ M '^ ■■\m :m*^ hdliMikmiLAt^iS^ti.; »^iti^^.M HISTORY OP THE WAR. people united,) 8o as completely to protect the town in the only quarter in which it was accessible by land forces, in a te# days, a considerable number of militia arriv- ed from Pennsylvania and Virginia : and the spirits of toe inhabitants were greatly animated by the arrival of the naval veteran, commodore Rodgers, with his nUt. ""«*» who took possession of the heavy batteries on the nill. A brigadeof Virginia volunteers, together with the regulars, was assigned to general Winder, and the city brtgade to genekl Strieker « the whole under the com' mand of major-Weneral Smith ; the two latter, distin^ guished revolutionary j officers : general Strieker hatl served from the/tomraeicettient to tlie conclusion of that \war, anil slm^ ittTnaiy important battles. The ap- proach to thp citi by wa ou aiuibi repelled^ for ^ uy mnu anu navai Torces, bo^n in case Fort M*Henrj( was s\* Ui fc *«• ir ■■tf. 1 ■ ' * ■fe{>: ■:t' ;■::■*&■■ ■■-•■.■'■' 1 HISTORY OP THE WAR. ^^g *nemj were .ucpessful, t^^^foJt 1 fu''* ^1"** '"T* °^ **«» avail, and wooW even be ui?I„^M ** " r '°".S*'' ''^ o^ ' Fort M«Ifenry, and to the ^frf^ '*'*;. J° *'»« ^^^en^e 4 line., the inhabits toL?fo^^?f^^ ^."'J'^ ^••«'" *»« of thedevastatinnrde^sof^fc^^^ Indenenderitly scenes at WashinJonTnd A^»v !.°-' *".^ ^^^ '^^^^t selected object ofX ve„l^i «Ai ""' *'''* ".*^ '^^^ * quence of ler activLnS •!!-l*''*' ^".^•"y' '" conge- war. No one ci^n imagine to ht*^ ^"""^ *he mt^ of anxious fee^Sf amonlfiff^lJ"'* P''*"« "^ «»e , all ages and sexes fS '^""^my thousand people of ^ woairdeternune the B^fJ^lVTT^'^ crisi^TThich And even in cie of succes'Ifu. r.?*:"'**^" .^^ """''' «itJ- ful incertitude hSniorerthltr'^^^^^^^^ mostpaii- risk theiB lives in ?fs defend t^tt '*'°'* ^''" ^«^ ^ ries, but their bosirfS? ^1^•K*T'■^''^"«••<^«"«- an.d husbands; ever^ oT eV^nWi '"i J^^^^ ««"« could wield a muSrwere found^'Th'"'^ ^"^^' ^''« committee of ssfptv ^' i "^"V "* *"® ranks. The ' and the mo^t i£^^SSt^ ^^^ '^^T^^^ »'» ''^t respectable coC Howard /'hi**^^^^^^ ^«« tfS toolcalai^e share in th7nrL« H'°^^ **•« revolution) proachin/danger. ; P''«Paratioii^ to meet the ap- river and proceeded untfl i^°® 1?°'^^'' '^O'^n the «orningof the eleventh o^LS^'tP**"^* *"«J «« the mouth of the PataMco Ihnl !*P*f ">'>«••». »Ppeared at tlw of Baltimore, wXTeSfr^^ «iM from the c ty «nountiftgtofifty sJil On >t *" of war j^d transport to the numberTaUewt^rx^h^ T^a^^^* 4'*"^ ^^^^^l of Wellington, debaTedTt NorTp**T' !!j* ^^t^™*" command t,( general tt^l*„nt'^?u°*' "^ "nder the Ckjr. Generar«trSkerS.e5tr".S the»r march forSJ h« command, the honourof bdn^^Thf J ''?f^^^^ ^invader, and was accordinXd^SfhifK ™* H"?*«* *'^« i.^w-sh; mmm^mf^ H S24 HISTORY OF THE WAR. effective men; consisting of the 5th regiment, under lieutenant colonei Sterrett, 550 strong } 620 of the 6th, tinder lieutenant colonel McDonald ; 50oWthe 2rth, un- der lieutenant colonel Long ; 550 of the Sl)th, under lieu- tenant colonel Fowler^ 700 of the Slat, under lieutenant, colonel Amey J 150 nflemen, under captain Dyer; 150 cavalry, under lieutenant colonel Biays; and tne Union artillery, of 75 men and six four pounders, under captain Montgomery, (attornjBy general of the state.) A light corps of riflemen and musketry under major Randal, ta- ken from general Stanshury's brigade, and the Pennsyl- vania volunteers, were detachetf to the mouth ojf Bear Creek, with orders to co-operate with general Strieker, and to cheek any landing which thc^ enemy might effect in that quarter. At 6 o'clock, P. M. general Strieker reached the meet- ing-house, near the head of Bear Creek, seven miles from the city. Here the brigade halted, with the exception of the cavalry, who were pushed forward to Gorsuch's farm, three miles in advance, and the riflemen, whet took post near the blacksmith's shop, two mileg.in advance of tht encanipment. The next morning (the 12th) at 7 o'clock, information was received from the videttes, that the ene- my were debarking troops under cover of their gun ves- sels, which lay off the bluff of North Point,, within the mouth of the Patapsco river. The baggage was imme- diately ordered back under a strong guard, and genenU Strieker moved forward the 5th and 27th regiments, and the artdtery, to the head of Long Log Lane, restii^ the fifth with its right on the head of a branch of Bear Creek, its left OR the main road, while the 27th was posted oh the opposite side of the roa^ in a line with the 5th. Tiie artillery was posted at the IfilRl of the lane, in the inter- val between these two regiments. The 39th was drawn up three hundred yards in tlie rear bf the 27th, and the 5l8t) the same distance in the rear of the 5th ; the 6th regiment was drawn up as a reserve within sigitt, half a mfle in the rear of the second line. Thus judiciously posted, the general determined to wait an attack, having given orders, that the two regiments composing the front line, should receive the enemy, and if necessary, fall back f|^— # S**?^' IE WAR. 5th regiment) yndev trong} 620of the 6th, Id; 500 W" the 27th, un- of the St)th, under lien- \ 5l8t, under lieutenant, ider captain Dyer; 150 Biays ; and the Union lounders, under captain »f the state.) A light nder major Randal, ta* rade, and the PenAsyl- to the mouth of Bear with general Strieker, thc^ enemy mi^t effect icker reached the meet- ^reek, seven miles from I, with the exception of krard to Gorsach^s farm, iflemen, whd took post niles.in advance of the (the 12th) at 7 o'clock, ! videttes, that the encf- iover of their gun ves- forth Point,, within the 'he baggage was imme- ne guard, and genenU no S7th regiments, and Log Lane, resting the branch of BearCreek, he 27th was posted oh line with the 5th. The die lane, in the inter- The S9th was drawn r bf the 27th, and the ar of the 5th; the 6th ve within si^it, half a ne. Thus judiciously wait an attack, having its composing the front 1 if necessary, fall back ' /~' -^sfaBf-s*-' ml ^, t;«r' ' mm \4 W illf ,;i,r 1 1 -It ■1^ 91 1 I. > ■t'V^ m stS^ ,;i;w- r4"i ^ 'Hi Si HISTORY OF THE WAR. 325 «SSiw iL'-A^'e''*' •"' f'™ •■> «» right .f .h. wpecfcd their approach to h! *''® moment when he Back upon the inwTpoiitianJr^*''®.^ **"" *^°'-P» facing leM romour thit the^nLmv' '•*^'V« ''«t«n«l torgroundf to fiuf #1.— . _«"' VJ* *oemj were landinir an n..i?n: "^ wdettet soon after brinoJ^!;* r"^""?K *''»' 8»nk. The the eneo^jr wet? ^a 3^ ±T*"^" '''»' * ?«•''? o? comptmi, from the iSf about i In «' *•"* Howard'. "T^Mtteath ef that Sment ' rW •" T'"''^^' "«der a fe*r other rifleren,^ all »'h^f P^"" Aisquith'g and piece of artillerv under «eu?enai?^«r*"*^.' * »™«» rj', were paahed^forwanl ti .k. *• ®^i®** *»<* the caval- «««»T'* «dSne4 a^ to'e^nrf "**. *L^* ^'^*°*«n«« of the Jy proceeded lilf a mS^thpn^t *****"*"' ^id scarce. Ae maiii bodj of thT^^ei;^ ^tLTV'' «ont»^t^, W which a.«i Heath'. Sse i. .W"'?^ «»«'ed;' sevena >' " '*5rn'*|'.ft»«.^» S26 HISTORY OT THE WA6. r •;« ceiviog the two cf>mprai«8 of ftoward and U^tint, to ^ too much fatigued to share in the approachll^ coSct, SSLrt*:;^^?'^ I? ?T *"**»? t^^SveTnot^thonta request on their pait,to be nermitted to share the«erila of their townsmen. At halF past two o'clock. tbeHne" my commwiced throwing rockets, which did no injurr, and immediately ojp^nMontgomeiy's artillery ipe?! ed his fire upon them, which was returned braW pounder and a howitzer upon the left and centrf . The fire was brisk for soAe minutes, when the geisral or- dered it to cease on his side, withaviewSrlringini !lL*?J"^flJ"!? *i*'l «*nn»ter distance. PerceiviiJ that the efforts of the British were chiefly directed affiinst the left iank, the genend brought up the S9th into line on the left of the #7th,and deShed two piee^ li^v'fn^ ^*^! \^ S *!!• ^^ 5 »»«* .till rikor B%«m. p»(etely to protect this flanky which wa« all innirtant. S! lis «?S?*tSSf** S*.** **»« «»*» reeUnghit igrtto theIeftoftl»39tTi. This moTement was 6idly«lecut.' ed, and crea^ some confusion in that quarter; b it was jcon rectaM^ith the assistance of thj ^? S* FSile|>'^"'^' •"** "** ^"«^^ inajors,*Calho,« and -^^ ^L^Gir'****.*^^""^ now displayed, and alvanc^ ^^uJitf^"^^^' l^nfortinatel^atthiiinnc. M^A^ i \ '^^ T* ■"''***•» l»"'«k, after m ring a /*kndom fire, broke and retrwrted iMttch confuiioii,lM wme disorder in the second battalion of the SMk The J^mJr?'" time became general from right tirlef : ; the SS^nXE^"'***,*^ J?T»"* "** dertnwtiye n^m ZiL ifJi/S^^**? «»'•"»»»* which endeaToaied to ; hl«I J? ^""^^ i^ 5~?«» but thii was inrtai rtly in 39th, who maiBUincd their ground in spiteofthe ISanT '» ^ ► ^'S-'^ :.-s?* - IF* ' ■"* ard and X|rasiz- sftandcentr«. I'he whenthegopisralor- ha view Of b ring! 1^ istance. Perceivii^ ere chieflj directed bought up the 89th detached two pieces and still lAmB com- restinchffi tfghtto nt was Mdly 4!xe£i|t«' hat quarter, bit was f the general's aid* najors, CalhotjiB and played, and onatelj at i inick, after _ a loch confiiiiori, and occasioned n of the 390. m right t»1ef ; destraethre ich endesTOQ^ this was en the, him and bis kitish line which was „ BrstbatlaUon 1 spite of the thiiii gvn i instai itly pretev Son caine well advanc'^ one- nga the The { the stream to in to o& ro- of Ike "'*|:j,, __v HISTORY OF THE WAkT WMynted to fourteenhunXeH r S"!!°"*'»»' ^^••^•'y wholj of the enemy The fir^^ij *;^'' ''*" ^PP^-^^ thj tw«aty.five minutes before LTLTS**?*' ""t*' *b«"t "W amounted to one hundred ?Ai" k>"ed and wounded. whom were some of the most i.i TS-*^?**' (»'n«°gat timore) about an eiLhth S th/f" '* * '^*°* "^ ^*'- James i^ry DoiuSson of ♦^^^^ ^"«*S««*- Adjutont *« killed in thoKSJif thflh/ ^^"^•"i-ent lawyer) nyjor Moore,and«Tmberof S*fe''*'«'"*-^°'' ««»«» and «<*• The loss of the British waSS'^'' *? • ' ' ''*'"* '^^""d- ^T?f^'«<^<»rii4 t^therr^nVij ***»'\"? *hatof the probably much greater ThUnn '<'^^«^»e<'«ment, and •banpy effect Sin the one™, "^l^u**?* '^»'«*«»<:e had "•nts, they comnutod thLT^* ?" *heir official sUte- irl»*r**P'"^I^"S?n.^^^^^ six thou. Jt oiie flu»u«ind.'Lm wSieV.5*r'^^^^^^^ *»"*•'««» --J. fflriitrnff ^^^^^^ r «?«t the food •t , h 'H '^^mr'm"'! » " ■»' w< |i J v"" ^ . '*"f" M ^28 ^ ' HISTORT OF THE WAIt #■ ■/ of the Yorltf (Pennsylvania) volunteers j ^oiant Ch^- >n, who wis slightly wounded j lieutenant cofonel IiOng» qf the, 27th, which regiment « was unsurpa^se^in brave* ry, resolution, and enthusiasm ;" lieutenant colonel Fow- ler i^nd major Steiffer, of the SSth^and the volunteer companies attached to this corps } of captain Quantril, froiiK Hagerstown, and captain Metzgar, from Hanover, (Pennsylvania) the former of whom was wounded j cap- tain Montsemery had a distinguished share in the action, and gained great honour for himself and his combany. lilajors Calhoun and Fraily, ai^d the general's aid, niiyor Geui^e P.Stevenson, were highly complimented il| genl^- ral orders; majors Moore and Rohinson,of the 27th^ were conspicuously active throufi;hout the engagement. Many were tlie acts of patriotism that would dejserve to be remembered.* The result of this affair, when commtipicated to the lines, with the death of the British general, served to . chebr the spirits of the militia, and inspire ceqii^nee. *|t is difficult to pass in silence the conduct of the venenble James H. M'CuUo^h. Although near seventy years of age, and of a weakly frame, he proceeded with a few old men like him- self, and requested permission to stand in the ranb of the com- pany which he had commanded twenty years before i he was se- verely wounded and fell into the haads of the enemy. The old gentlemaa was. at first, a subject of mirth to the British officers, who jested at the idea of a person of his years, with one foot in the grave, turning oiit as a common soldier; but their jest was changed to admiration, on the arrival of the accomplished young , gentleman, his son, a surgeon in the serviat^f the United States, and when they learned tnat he was the oouector of the port of Baltimore. Such an incident proved a spirit of resistance, as dis- cnuraging to the toe as a battle. Mr. N. Williams, a senator of Maniand, was shot through the body, and left on the field i hit brother, a wealthy merchant, was severely wounded in the thig^ Mr. Uollingswortb, another senator, wait also left wounded on the fiield. — Amongist the citizens of note who devoted themselves on ti^ occasion, none is more deserving of being remembered than major Uaac M'Kim, one of the aids of gefieru Smith, who, bVnis personal exertions, rendered the most essential service to \tne cause. These individuals are named, to show the, kind of materials of which the troops were composed. -^,- l4'.. ':■ V- -S " ^r .^t %&-^K.X,^ Jfc mSTOKT OF THE WAR. s® % trend,., MdUteV? .n^lj SS^"? ^?'"' '»"°"» "igbt uiidtr Mm. n»,2' "T. '" *'"? •*'«'i«n spent the ke tad a ftU «ew «f the Ston „f SFf' ''^"" view of falling upTn hi. ™rT™5iS'\'°fr'J'' .*'"' » rtip.fi.hin twTa*^d''"hSf'Srfl,'ns!;' 's'^" Arnugtead arnmim his force in ILr n • * ^'^i°^ The regular .rW^^^ Sr c.pWn Ef "T^r yolonteer8underc«DtainN!rh„u«J? ^?"*» «nd the in the star fort r^aVSPn-S^^^S*"""*^ the bastions :?irs^i^rJ:„£S;Ks;j'ni: miles; when, findioK themsel^i i.?^ • ^/.***°'**^ ^r,i. and k.p. .faj^i^^r tor:;' w1S{ . *» ■ I-, '.'"/>, ,r.w ^ 3S0 HBTORT OF THE WAB, ;r iSfe''*- '^^^^4.^ •^-^m' they were at gtieh a digtanqe as to be oniof tiie resch of .the guns of the fort. The ^tuation, althougii painfuHv ^ inactive, was highly pcriloas i yet every niaa stood to hu post without shrinking. Qne of the twentT-^oui;pound< ers> o^ the south>west bastion, under captain IQcholson, was dif mounted, and kilfed his second lieutenant, and wounded several of his men. The enemy now annroacb- ed somewhat nearer, so as to be within striking Stance. . A' tremendoHKfire wab instantly opened from the fort^ which eompemd, him precipitately to regain his former jMoitton. The bombanhnent was kept up dunqg the whokyjay and night The city, thus assuled on both side^waited the result with death-like silence, and «et BO eye was closed in sleep. Suddenly, about midnitfM, a tremendous cannonade was heard in the direction of the fort, and tiie affrighted population believed that all was over. Their fears were soon quieted, by the infor- mation that some bargres of the enemy,' the number not known, bad attempted to land, but were comp^lil to drailr' off with all possible haste, after great slaughter, by lieutenants Webster add Newcomb. who commanded the city battery and Fort Covington. By the next morning the bombardment ceased.- after upwards of fifteen bun- dred aheils had been thrbwn j a larjge portion of which burst, over the fort, and Mattered their fragments amongst its defende*^ i a n«at number fell within the works, and, materially injured two of the publick buildibn, and two slightly. There were four killed, an(ltmitj-T • 5- — ■ - . . '< ■* '' . ■ ^"■K ■ it V -. v., . . \ .• 1 i f^'-K V • f t ' , u '* N- "^ ..^tdM ^\ l^^ll. li i'li^if 11 ^ * ' 'Ma n^ riT'-; J.' ,-i hiAtort op the war. ta«iedir»!B,t«,k up their nSKteSr^S'^.l"" ""■ . th.ttheywoSliS^tr.S^^,?*"'^ '"•m to belirw, ^ active commaK SdStii^^^^^^^^ *■«>» on tht lines when the XJl^^ '^"*' however, found Spence took To Ictive Jir^^ T' "P****^*'' ^aptai. fence. At da.y S S»rin^m.?* P^- P*™^^^^ fof de-'^^ . ral Winder wm immed?aSv^L^^^^ ^one- the Vii^inia brirtZa^d Jfn^?**^^!?. •"?«"«"■*» with , the same time TaiorXSP *'«» "'^'^ageons. At jight cofps^ .nd7ii^h'S^;i7;,^^^^^^^^^ :••*•* J» the 3ame object. The in^t SJLf^i *"* °»o^'9^ ^r* ' however, so wo™ out wfth^nS^L**! ^V'^f* ^^'^* Jfiog nier arm™ dTri^g'fh^S ^Xnd '^^^^ *°^ ^•*'» the greater part«»h..^ flLr ♦« ^ "?" nights, exposed »^V«tSA pTa^fcrSf !'"'>''» *«^ •he .drtfeSi-UiS.'?^' •«»*- «'«"«! ¥ ,i\J -'vf^t«jl»« ..fKE!«*«fe«»wrwS<«|?-? 832' HISTORr OTb' rHE WAR. ■ soothed ihe publicising foir the affair of Washingtwn. JBut one moinent)>eforey the popular dismay appeared to have reached itslachme, and i the mo^t^loomy Mticipa- tiWTB seeiped^about to be realized. The case of Balti. more' came^ home to every individual bosom, for illl the larger towns were equally threatened with devastation. The feelings of the iuhabitants of the city itself, can with difficulty be conceived; measures wej-e taken to cele- brate the ocfl||vencev to reward those who held distin- guished comflmds, and te^ierpetuate the meinory of this awful period. To those who fdl intthe sacred cause of the d^nce of their firesides and their homes, a modu- ment^as decreed to be erected in the centre of the ciW. The illuminations throughout the United States had scarcely been ejctinguished, when news of the raostt)ril- liant success was re«?ived from the northern frontier. While admiral Cochrane was threatening the sea coast with devastation, at the request, as he stflited, of sir' George Prevost j this officer, who was invading the Uni- ted States in another auarter, held a very different lan- ^^.M^e. ' While he could direct the British forces to the South, to lay waste and destroy, if he really ever gave such directions, he was a great stickler for liberal and ho- nourable warfare on the borders of » Canada. His lan- guage Wta of the softest and most conciliatory kind. On entering the state of New-York, "he makes known to its peaceable and unoffending inhabitants, that they have no cause of alak-m from this invasion of i^ir coutttry, for theisafety of themselves and families^for the security of their property. He explicitly assvires them, that as long as they continued to deiutan themsMves.peacedbly, they shall be protected in the quiet possession of their homes, and permitted freely to pursue their various oc- cupations. It is against the government of the United States, by whom this unjust and unprovoked war ha% been declared, and against those who support it, either openly of secretly, that the arms of his majesty are di- rected. The quiet and unoffending inhabitants not found in arms, or otherwise not aiding in hostilities, shall meet with kind usageandgenerous trtatineDtj and all jott -J Tr 'T^'"s»ri 4 AR. ,7 tr of WashingiitR. {may appeareH'^to ir^loomy anticipa- L'hie case of Balti« bosom, for blithe with devastation. \ty itself, oan with Ce taken to cele- who held distin- he meinoryof this le sacred caase of r homes, a modu- centre of the ci'tjr. Jnited States had 8 of the raostt)ril- northern frontier, ling th«4 the , . ivhieh had so much d^fnt^u a'^^ fl^"" tho«rronne, ton, arrived^n'"t"h'e'^fSett"rL?i*-^ ^^"•"S- to contend wjtif Brown on the N'a^a?a>'°8 «?»*"? about fourteen thousnnH JL ^^'®8*5*' *ne remainder, Prevost, agreeab^TtSe'oVEnf'S;" u'?* ^^ ''' ^eorgi the pur^^ of eSerim. f^^^^^^^ ^^S^^U for is giod?eason to bel Ivf that^^f/^^^^'^^'?- ^here important obiect thin !' - movement had a more cesLra p^y IL "r '"kTJ* ' •'"^ >t been su^ . anoth*; ^rterVon thed^trN*^ have followed from 8eizngtl?e line of the H.^iV ^®'^;^*"'*'» in ortfer, by Newingland stato/.^;?E completely to cut offthj tion, that the p^^^oV'Sl?^^^^^^^^ ^^t^^T «*^<=*P- recolonized, or^CLt wiJSr. /* ^?^'' fH^mit to fie After eenerallBS ua'^'^, '^®'" *^ U&'on. exceed fifteen ffirefi^S^"®"' M^Com^did not •Qd new recruiterexceX^nu^*"^ '^ ^'"^ ^^«d»» ^ had not an oiyinlSfbafwio; °*¥C"'*«5 *K6th, no state of defence airtl ♦?- ? T"* ^^^^^ wekin «eat ^i«^Xr!?C Brill T*"^ °r**°"<^« ^^reiii Cfiampiiin oMhe 3d „f w^ u'""^ ^'^^ possession oP inatioS«Vand impre^^effP*^^^ '*^^ '"'•*>•" «»« Procla- vicinity;it waXTdS^l'^ffihe^"' ?"? '" *»•« •tuck 0. Flat^b«rgh. N^ St^^^ft^ C, ^J 1 <» . ' 'a' ■ ^c . , . i £^ ■'•%■•. i i i «£>>j^ >^ -"#'■ •.f K i- «> • M ^ HISTORY OP THE WAR. 5S!X?:^j;^i^:-^ r «din ord,r to thej were divid Jbto d^h^.^***** '?®'^T »»*» «»«»» ttveral Fort, x tiM S?««i hJ!? !?**' •"'* "^^oned in tKe to defend it tothe SSfSSLu **• T." T**'*^* '^n'J l^-nd arranged * ith hiiT^J!: ."^*'»e New-Y^rk militia, and ■»••?• ThS»hSitafc^^^ »n»itia en whcfformedtheS^Si?!* ^'''*'"*'' and some boy«, lec^'lrren'Cdr^^ ''--^-»- mile, on the ^km«n t ""'i*'*' advanced ?even appfoachcd ^ 'at,the 8am« «" - * «^^i ^ " *''*^ Jr^V^kiiHsdoinae brWg^^^^^^^ faltlT '^'^ ^•^ ^'^ Sprowl. with two hundSd men of SF* ;*,!?• ^^P***" was posted at Dead Creek bTS^ ** J^*** regiment. w^«miIarord7ra J hrtas arn«!'^''l*'^« i^^^ --oad •elf, two field pie^s beirfnl k^''!*''?* **» '^^t'fy '>!•«- the purpose. KvSf of^S.^ *" "^l? *'°*™*«'* f<«' colonel Applinit was n^L -^A" Po»'t»on» lieutenant- forthepa^i?airo/^ilhL*\r? '''*°^''*^^ "A*™*". dayligfitottthefiS. !♦». ^ *'^®"' Movements. At we«avrcilintwo rJf *'''^^"''* *''** «'« toemy ThecoTumnon theBeckman «™!^ ^^t**7 ^'""S®- the -iHtiaskirmth^ a mSe wiVlfe^^ ^P'*?^? but which, with the exccDtion nf f " advance parties, kroke^W fled i. thS^ disolr ^Tr\ •~» of two hundred and fiTtvin.« .. j •'^* .^ detachment iMJen marched toXirs4Zr;;57 '"•Jo'" Wool, had •mpleof firronessi buH?^.r f *"^j*°***«^ *•»«•» «n ex- Rndinir Sat ti If *f '^".''*' "°»vafling. within aliS of A'attsbS^'t*""^ ''»<* P«"«*«ted colonel Applina to~'refHrn"VJ^™t" ^®'".®. '*«ceived for Cieek. anJfall !n Sie !n«m JTi'i P?"*»°» »* «ead fortunately Sd JustTn^l'J^''* *^*"^- ^he colonel / .rr^i^ea just in tim^ to. s^e his retre»t, and "'^^1^^/ T 1 tlf HE WAR. efence; and in order to ongthe officers and men, »nts,aiid8faitlonedintfie ring mordeca, that eacti ts own work^ and bonnd '.At the same time, he ;New.Ywk militia, and Hin^ out the militia en *ui|;h fled with thdrfa- w men and some boys, mpanj, received rifles, the month, having col- iilitia, advanced seven ad, to watch the raor i8h with them as the^ » obstruct the road b> railing trees. Captaii ot the ISth regiment, e, on the Lake road, ordered to fortify him- d to his condraand for » position, lieutenant- Qne hundred riflemen, heir movements. At wned that the «nemy. y each of these roads, >elo^ Chazy Village. a^Plttached rapidly; iiti advance parties, few brave men, soon rder. A detachment ler major Wool, had to shew them an ex* I unavailing, mns had penetrated re were received for «8 position at Dead i flank. The colonel we his retr«at, and ^. ;.^- aiSTOEY OP THE WAH n ;j*wjjie obstructions wJre, howSS? f'L*''*''""? ' ^o»- '^/jOytheremova ofthAkm'.! .'^' ™n>wh in their P^ the creek. ** "P ^'^*'n We galfeyg ^ the/ Se'^I.^ T» "''-^^^^^^ the north east Jjje Ch I i^^ ^bile the ^"^ri" In '^ u*"*™"^* »^ uirectly opposite. Thi» *^J1 l .*^*^ ^orks are situafMl 558k fire until they had «»7»i"Pv *J»ne, keeping uba The enemy then thre w th^l TlV *^^«»' "^ «heir woSa h out the day thdr &«! ^«"» ^et on fire Sin ^* of force nemselves ■'"• annoy *""J an intermission, to the ' ■ ' V > -ia • f. '?»i ^, *.« ■^IK SS6 rtlSTORY OF THE WAR. U. . 4 / skirmisheg which took place between them and the militia, who acted, after the first day, with great intre- Eiditj. The American .reeulars, at the same .time, la- , ourM incessantly to extend and strengthen tiieir works. DuringsOiis time, a handsome affair was achieved br captain M^Glassin, who, crossing the riv^r in the night, assailed the British regulars, more than three times his numbers, stationed at a' masked battery, which had been for some days oreparing, drove tliem from their potts, and demolisheu the works. ' . The principal cause of delay, j^hich was forti^nate for the Americans, was the momenjury expectation of the fleet, which was intended to cO-operate. On the morn- ing of the eleventh, at eight o'clock, the look-out-boat of commodore M'Donoug^, announced its appoach. It consisted of the frigate Confiajice, carrying tiiirtyrifine suns, twenty-seven of which were twenty-four pounders ; the brig Linnet, of sixteen guns ; the sloops Chub and Finch, each carrying eleven gtms ; thirteen gallies, five of which carried two, and the remainder one gun. The commodore at this moment lay at anchor in ^attsburgh hajff and intended in that situation, to receive theenem^. His fleet consisted of the Saratoga, carrying twentv>six guns, eight of which were long twenty-four pounders ; the Eagle, of twenty guns : the Ticonder(^;a, of seven- teen i tne Preble, 7 ; and ten gallevs, six of which carried two, the remainder one gun. Aesides the advanta^ which the enemy possessed, in beingable to.choose their position, their force was much superiour. The number of guns in the British fleet amounted to ninety-five, and of men, to upwards of. a thousand } while that of the Ame- ricans WM eighty-six, and the number of men, less by two hundred. ' One of the American vessels had been built with despatch almost incredible. Eighteen days before, the trees of which it was constructed, were actually growing on the shores of the lake. The American vessels were moored in line, with five gun-boats, or galleys, on each flank. At nine o'clock^ captain Downie, the British commander, anchored in line, abreast of the American squadron, at about three hundred ;l ■'f / •■^"Hk^r i^'i^!^ rilE WAR. I between them and' the ret daj, with great intre- irs, at the sane .time, la- ad strengthen their works. e aflfair was achieved br ng the river in the night, more than three tiroes his 1 batterjt which had been etiiem from their posts, , j^hich was forti^nate for njtary expectation of the o-operate. On the mom- p'clock, the look-out-beat neunced itsappoach. It jice, cart^jing thirty riiine ere twenty -four pounders ; ns ; the sloops Chub and uns ; thirteen gallies, five ■emainder one gun. The at anchor in Plattsburgh tion, to receive the enemy. »ga, carrying twentv«8ix ig twenty-four pounders ; te Ticonderoga, of seven- illevs, six of which carried Besides the advanta^ being able to. choose their uperioor. The number of kted to ninety-five, and of [ ; while that of the Ame- lumber of men, less by two An vessels had been built e. Eighteen days before, nstructied, were actually ke. moored in line, with five > flank. At nine o'clock, imander, anchored in line, 90, at about three hundred '^K-y^r ' -" ' •■'■r' <: ^fftfi ''^^-"'-}s| ■ J. -'^t- 1 WSWinr OF TflE WAfc Ijr^divisionf"^^ ^^ "*^' '^^P ^"^ opposed to -liSLS*^^***®" *•»« ''•'o'* force on both sid». l^«. J«wi, the contest commenced betW«Sierri feSlJ and sir Geonre PrevosL rtnm «f «.- ib*»^l . *«^o«nb cUdI the «c.lVvJ2ir "*y«»«tt«rj sMDied to in. aeyhfiy i»cre«irfM?Si23(.?^ffeV5T' •«?- l[ fresh SSadside^ t£ W«^^^ Which*' ''"^ T^'^ "'^* dered. A broadside w«i fh£ ^« 'l T" *^**'' ^^''^^t^-^ ifh«h.ur«nd31a^^^^^ oa the Mg, yposed to the Eagle had struck to cL?Ii^n ?® *^*^P ^gMIeys were sunk, the others eaca,^, aU the rjli .«*■ • H •. '^' ''*!f 4 • s Iv-" m ft '& * . MBTORT OP nm WAX*:' ■'■J: tte fleet fell into th« h«idt of coonnodore Wthntn^, •ctrcely/4 matt in either wjawlron ca|Ntble iibSaiSl There were Ajy-five round shot ii^ the hull of ^fltot ikifca, and in the Confiance one hundred and fl^ Tba £l7iT ''J' **'*'' ^■•* "" **•* *»y •»»* »»»ot tho action luted Iwohoura and twen^minitob. The,,«omm«ndir of Je Confiance waa kUle/, witk fortynHliThiTiSl! «tid sixty wounded. Chi board the Saratoga there werL twentj^qht killed, and twenty-nine "cSdedl 0?S firat, WM lieutenant Gambl*, and on board the TiMn- SLSr^f- **•}• ^mong the wounded; were lieutenant wS. 'tk!I15* n**""*.??^'' "«* midshipman Bald- 23? 11 J ! *°*ri.!*^* '" ft? American squadrbn amount- ^ to fifty.two killed, and fifty-eiriit woVnded. Theloi " of the enemy was eiehty-four killed, one hundred and ten wounded, and eiJ&t hundred and fifty.sU pSontS which actually exceeSed the number of tfoir^ptore. n\i8 engapioent, so deeply interestthg to the two ri- val nations, took place in si^tof thehosSfe armbs. But ttey were by no means quiet spectators of the scene J a hot engagement was kept up during4he whole time ; Ae wr was filled with bombs, rockete. sharpnels. «wi hot billto-^-hreedesperate efforts were madeV the^iS to cros^ over, ana storm the^ American worii, in wWch they were lu ofte^repulsed, with considerable loss. M attempt to force the bridge, was bravely defeated bfa djUcEmeot of regulars and captain CTrosvenor's rle* men. They attempted a ford about three mUes above. ^LTfl^*'*?'^^ ""^i*^ ^J * ^y »f Tolunteera and mi itia, posted ita « wood, that the greater part of the detachment was cutto pieces. The Slbrts ofthe enemy naturally relaxed, ifter. witnessing the bainfut siaht. m little expected, of the entire captu^ of Cfiee? Th" finng was, howpuer, keptup untU night f at dusk the en- einy withdrew Aeir artillery, and rJSed the siege. The jJaos of sir George Preyost wei^ comptetely Sstrated. «ac« the Amencans had now the ^ommiand of the >Jw i 4s ' 1^- ^^ ^^^k.'^fM' '-t-^-Tf? ""J -i-'^Sk ^■W^< '^i^ y- "^^'^.^fWrl^'' connodora M^Donoog^. est wu over, there WM Iron captUe of bearing a ▼esMlt in a nnkiog atiSe; >tiiitb«halior^8ani- handred and fiib* Tho hf bot ahot The action nptes. TlM^tomnander lib fortjr-nilte of liia men, the Saratoga there were r-nine woanded. Of. (he and on board the 'Kcon- lon of general^Stanabuiy, unded, were lieutenitnt -, and midahipman Bald- rican tquadron amount- ^t wounded. The lost illed, one hundred and I and fiftj.aix priaonersy iber of ttair captora. aterestlitt to the two ri- thehoetilo armies. But ictatora of the scene ; a ing4he whole time; the ^ Bts, sharpnels, and hot sre made by the British . lencan worb, in which ' considerable loss. An bravelf defeated by a tain OroBvenpr's rifle- Dut three miles above, bodj of volunteers and be greater part of the he eflforts of the oiemj ig the jpainful sight, so re of (heir fleet The ni|(ht)^atdosktheen^ raited, the siege. The completely frustrated, iommandof thejakei y- yf HWTOBY OF THE ^Afc ''^ i7t'^^'h!fl***'*T" ^*™«'f «^^ America" work.^ UW04M not serve him in anv furtlier degiirnt in Si Jieanl^me he *.ould be eappse/to great daS from Ih! i^.'l^rir"!!l*h" •f theAmerican force?%nde^ uS tSniiSS JJfnS 7*"^ •'* '^'^ "««• •^ tianslSI-S: «oni and before day the next mdrninr, his whole iKirr- r*'!?5^*^ retreied, leaving behSfd S^el^ .ick 3 •^ly pursued, a number.af I upwards of Ave hundred qnantiti^ Were afte in the ground, 'fh 8(ragglers Were picf deserters ca^e in. ^ Those of t^eBri terred with the honou M (he Americans to wwry who /eir,>ere in- ,^ - - The humane atientioa »«ijided, and the politeness and Itenerbua atW« J. *«1fc"?*''^» •■" ""* PoIUeness and in Sfiil H k1^.5!PT"'^ acknowledged tiaSDowieuteo^rS"/'^"l^u] HISTORY OF THE WAR. CHAPTERXIX. "4; ^ffair. to the 8outhwafd-CM<^o.taitie.-lkLijr^ Lou.8,«„»-Affairt of thegunJK^t-Britid, force. l«,ded b U.u.8««^Battleofthe23dof DecembeiwBattle of theSA ofPrZT^?'' »f -J>co™pel.edto«tre.t-BoPd»ent ot Fort St. Phihp— Peace with Great Britain. The National legislature convened under ven diir«r«..# feelings from those that had existed in this b^^ ft mA; devTsin^V^t.7 «*''«'• r'^"* remained but ffinf; devising the best meanH for carrving on the war. which ^ had become a war of defence. Whatever dXencehf fr*h '"'"* •?'«'•* P''*^*^^ ^'t'* respect to ie pi* Si to fA""'" '!! P^'r"' *^'" ''*« »»"* little as t^ti^ ^,2 to be pursued m future. Th« great cause df heTJIt &"Z' a?lS'* *!i^««^--trationrFreochS! SrJ*«?!'* i *"*"<*» a"d tlie recent conduct rf Great Britain towards this country, rende^d it impwSble for tiJities when these causes no lomrer p«i«»^ tS** could now be the advocate of bIE "''**^- ^" '^"'^ * All felt the neglect with which our ministers in Enran^ had been treated, suffering them to i^a'n for ««^E* lot vt'^r^'S * S''^^* "^tfon, endwwirini tJ I^i?*i'- k'^ ^ * Z^"^* '^ *'-«»*;Sfelt.' ^'' k mt , . '/'' insTORY OP THfi wak in and S;;';i:!'S'SJ« ''»«^' ^^^t^en the two nations^:-- : ■ ed until •amVp^KTarh""*'" "T''.^ '"^« r^ld! to prevent the Srence at .Z. 7^* '^^ ^^^'^ ^^^^^ I detestable abases in^M!.^?^ «f impressioK h^P gSS *"'^«*'»n* on the practice > irhicf had 4duSdTlI?™ ''"'' ^*'^'» 5 » practice!. fellow citiz^S^'l^j'a;,™^ during this first war nl-ervti^rl""'' '°«.!P«"«««e u» to vindicate this nrinSni J -^ f^"**.® ^°"'*' enable greater hope of sTceL i^i/. *-!™'' J"«^«« ^^tb a* concluded GSritafn if ^V'*''^. reasonable to- paid for the impreMmeS^?^^^ «»« time. -dew-ly cation of thei7pTprty and th.;?^"''* ^« <^*«fi«- .fee cautious how TCfrinSJ ™. * !^^*«'? she would < > compelling an enTm? to «T"»f*?*^ '*» ««'«»««»> - tfiatawVr isVcceS/it i. k "^r'***^ ''•» '^•"""ft and the injurv infl?r>i^ *u ''^ '''^ "-^aKtance madL ThlasinceSwfshfor^' !« '^..^^^"^ •« atta™d^ ti-h commissiorrsVX !ro^?*'i~ '"^^'^J' "»« »«- r**^"* the 8urpenrr oraKL** «»««, as,a-,»^ rorj, andMotti rehnq^ighmentot th»: 1' jl^ .' 'jij\' Vm/i^* ( > ' 1 1 » .4ySi, A **''•, j« - *J * ' '»t' ftV \ i^^m m, '■i 34S HISTORY OF THE WAR "Iff the neMdati^hv * *''«.*"*'>i«rtifice of nj-oloDg- in the ff^est .nanl,^^^^^^^ *"■ ** ^'"P""*'*" *« «8»lt them _ while thelreat rnVS ♦!{ i *"** ?"'^ '"tempenite, become better rScile^^^^ »i»' ?.'t^^jt^'' t ■4li t, .)!<>,' ?r-.'nj«cv -x '-J-t'^'^. THE WAR ' ' unwarranted pretensiont nt Could it be supposed. ■8»on an occasion like the triffiog Artifice of prolone- mg teAra from whm thvf Bj consistently with the !. from them? If sferious. ing Ignorance of the situa*. disposition to insult them t before the legislature of vedthe approbation of all strong pioof of a dispo* »ecoontPfi The leaders nd States, opposed to the B and more iotemperate, 'le,on thecontrarj, were eramiii^kenideaofthe I ctwvenfioB was propose Jecticut? and, accordiiw o less than a scparatio^ may have been, it wa» oved by the majority of Je states onlj convened, New-England J and after > to destroy, as was sop- ick, terminated in a de- Bg since fonrottcn, and « congress of the United ons to the Federal Con- ed to the several states' rejected. IptbePenn-. iinaiy memorial was re^- le and eloquent report be opposition, in whicli early refuted, the cod- conduct of the memo- i^empt to destroy the Hi only disgraceful ta I" it b«- the MiMtmi'ffcMg* - ' ttlSTORV OP THE WAR. d4S • triots. may be Tternal . ThL aI^ the Wood of pa- . greater reason toadmir;, and lovrfK?". •''*'. """^ »«»» «onn(%, since the mbst v o?ent W JL ! »"»*«"«8P* of big fertress of his safety/Shi-nK' '*""«* *«''« t*^" confederation of thSe stotLji;""^^^^^^ '^^^' The *nwscends almosl«feverv eflS* ZVi " >«'»P»ftot which "Mfh^Moodshed h« iJi^ljied JrSr 'Ir • M**^ will It not save in AtnrTj i i ^^»*"'* how much tto Grecian 8tote«-fn^ r^?"*" "* ^^ **'^*'«' wars of «^t ne«hro«ri^^^^^^^^ '* « but tOoTu^f - mies. What strength dS«n„**J^^ft*'*°**"''a'ene. to each individSltate anrf this glofious Uniox,, give ^/individual citii^whoiitSs.^'i.?'^^^ ^^^ ' * i»^on, instead of E™„??^*t^ «nnot contemnfftfthif aXct. iShl J k'*- ^ B*^ "»«<» Ae most magnSbent cim«S««„ '^'™f «* beinrfillcd with wretch, whTlii*^£^V^°*l^'''»7tothe ag«»sthisco«ntry,1S^H^^^ wiclJedoess M to wish to loosenlheffiu t^ t'\^*"'*"^«'*»tores, ~tion, destined to be Wofthi^ ''''l!^ ^* "« "«*» » Another impo,Sntaffalt« tSS^tr *^' S'*^^ In WBsequenceof thecaottraff u^r ^'°'* congress. prehensiMs were enteS?I?S;.* "**'*«'*l"^■«''«o»»i>- g»vemment w^ld follow 1^.*5? *,'*r^*' «f tbe seatTf fcnowBthattherrwerea^»rf?''"i'''/ ?* »' ''^ well BMt these fears were s'^^nS^^S'.r.';'** ? *''"^'*«- . I»«7 put at rest ; the ven^«SJl ? * .1 question was fi. o^rreSblick preVlued *oJ:rX"X'r^'*'J**^«'' ^^ •nd the city of WanW^JII!. • ^ T*^ considonition. giwernmentr w»e aia* of our national t^iitKytriK,^^^^^^^^ the President selectJTS ^S !? °f ^'■- ^•""' whoi,. office of secreUry rf^^ft^^f «^,r«^^ to fill 25 rtcterisedbythettreateR^KAU™^* . "T P^"" ^^''e cha- •o 'uminous^a mliS^a /„ ?!"' "*"* ^ ""'^"W"* ia •w*; He way Kd ^ r*"L''"?^"^«^ to every i e may iw stud to have jdncked up the u2^ IV a ^ :^'5!M\*i; Eli Aitr^AJ^ «_ * ^ iW m B.'^'«* -i t B^^-'- W^--\ 'A^'^c^ S44 mSTOttV OF THE :WAR ^^^^ ing cr^itof the nation, by the locks. The duties of- the secretafy.at war wert, at the same timn.jU,e enemy, aS X Jr« -* *•****"*! .'^'«' opened ■^li. Before 4?i?,Sftr of Z*?***'^^^ noej^ with two han^i^ CreX ''7^'««« **« "«' Wwldbine, and about twentv72n • * "^ .•*/ captai^ J^rearof thelSLwhV'^Z*^'"*™'*' had landed in ;twel,eppunde,^ rt^fer'"''^ * ^""^ ^'* • .fr»m their position. lW?^L''"ftr'* -oon driyen ; ^ l»our8, were compellKreti« j;.,?'*««'»«*e of ' TIw oommodore^ahiD. ciir»!n/! '* '^'"* 8"«* »088. ^tte battery, where*.he auK ^oL^f ^^""^ ^•^« •tt toard were obliged to sethrmnfi'^*'^^'^*' tl^os. •»<«pe# oBtof aSSnnA T*i®'»"''™«ke their X^ted, howeC/by'S^^ti^l*"''^^^^ ^i^* oiherabipg, which w»i.I!!:J^ .j' r?*"v* On board thn '^,yk"£d:nd Wo'L^n^^^^^^ ei^'.fit » ano^er quarter wJSm^o "?!!"'?''«' •»» ^^nduct tff*nij. SJi^-West of ♦£. M- ?'*r«^'»"n with Jastin* .fi^ which rmSw^jLtiftn^P; in- one of Z ^iwa,gmugglerg,privateer8mi? ^'^^^ ^""i a nest of out'. ?«« Pirate^r* hadTS^ThfS ""■ '"'*'^ P''»P«'-'y »PeajL or SIX hundred, were SE?k 'r**'^*^® number of five name of Lafitte^p^!? ^^ " feroteious fellow of thJ all .the secret S^«Ir™ Z mL""**? *?^«««tance w tf Aciiity smuggrSS ti^.teSfi|L'«J' «°"!? '^'th •They pretended t« h l^L W^^"*' '"** «'•'*» « their .wn ^^ "^^i-gena, but they condpmoed U-o^pSl .V* « i.t» ♦•«„« , I' « -Tw-"" j|,H^i;'■' «o,--i p* .. ^' ■v"%J ^V^ wl5.> *i.* wai„ 4iir|ied to, theii' o ■olici|<||tojoin^_ the^ dlcjined, probab aon.. This had jqow i. BritiiMigovernmeBti) a lilni , nw but ^ .'of the ipVupqised bjr colehel I of Reward to Lafittel thole who could stoop intlj rejected. Lafitte ilrawn from the colonel Jismi^sed him with 'd7g- dj| messenger to gover- iine before offered five non at diy Ij^h* 11a T^' ' "« t«wp8 were west of the town, ttLt& *°^^?ng encampeTto Jh! ^^•rterj to keep JiVhb il^^^^ i . r^'^t toshow tWse&ore "^ "^"o^nted me„ r S!!'*^'" ""! ^^ troops pais tntt'' '"*«*^whUst the re" f ^ discoverwl, to the east of ^ * **•* '^■'' «f t^e fort, un- conristingif a few re^uul \^J^^' His whole force L^fcoctaw^ndians, apZl'J*.* ^7 of militia, and ime 8**Pe» was opened on the^Ph!!',"?**''*' w kh balUnd Eiars, and Tshower of ST^^'^'T"' composed of-. ««« and garde,;;^ ^-fc^^jT ^ PoureTfrom th^ the muiketrv silenced ^."""^T was soon carried and Pearance w4 a flae beS.7r*''°*»"»' °ow made bis »„ Wrrenderthetowptme^a^ ^TO. and offeJidt Jyery protection afforded In fi^:#^''" was gnmted! and % inhabitants ; tf,e ^m **^?*^'^«w •ncfSDertv nf S"S r'^^tr^we^e^SS^^ <^hen\- «J of Louisiaria. GovernJu JTi. k* '*»'''ni<*able inva- Jwo divisions of the miliS S .^'a'borne ordered /the i2Jif»^the»econ-a%™J^^^^^ •elves ih readiness to mareh^?r ^ homas, to hold them- ••^'i %i ' yji; ' '.! : :. i %}tt^^ A 'fk'- -^ '^ * ^,^ M<3^ ' r. ii'^^mfmt^ . ■^i^;^ ! ^lgy^?-i'i ;,, .V\ ;ypff , i':iir?;; ; % r^>'\'*- -• •^i.ji'-i-r::.¥:*fii'r^,f>^«'''-iF-if'h^ ■^ ::^"'|v| fe ■ 1 >■' H Ji p. Hli . lIHw ^B^i ^B ^^ ^Rv i^B ^^r w' |v' *•' 1, V \ ■'>'/ r^ .1 iltT OP TiBE WAB. , iimut^Miirrened, in order to devise measnreiyTO oo-ottwu- tioii wift the civil authorities, for the defence of tini eountry. M,r. Edward Livingston was chosen {Hresi- (iemt of the meeting ; after an eloquent speech^ he pro* iposed a spirited resolution, which would repel tiie^nm- ny of the iDsinnation of their, being disamcted to the ' American government, and would prove their detemA^ nation to oppose the common enemy. Thi8« when made publick, wai received with universal demonstrations of appiaun. T The wai*had, thus far, been felt in one of the 'meat peaceful portions of the globe, only by ite effects in cmn- mercial and agricultonl prosperity. In consequence of the suppression of trade, and the low price of idl , kinds of produce, the pe<^le had buffered much. Him ' . banks had stopped payment, and distresses of everj kind in this ceuntryof abundance, ha(i begun tobefeit. The great mass of tfie planters, (at least, of the Frendt por^Jof an amiable and gentle dii^pKMition, had pud kfi^ little attention to the existing war 9 the militia cwuld scarcely be said to be organized, much less disctpUaeA or armed. Nothing short of an' actual invasion oonhl rouse them. In the city, the case #as different : from the commencement of oie war, as if sMisible of tne fee* ble help which they could expect from the general bok vemment, they manifested the greatest alacrity in^att* g' ing tRIemselves for taking the field against an iamkder. very man, capid>le of bearing «||liv»,>)ad^ becinne a sol* dier, and perhaps in none was there such freqwnt and' ciegant displays, of well disciplined volunteer compa^ Bies, dressed m uniform. The wonderful aptttode vi the French, for the pnifessinn of anas, was never more fiiUy exhibited. There were intermingled with thena^t Dumber of men, who had served in the Frendi arnuee> ^'be free people of colour, a numerous clas:;, were pw» ■fitted as e P>^4k$® ^^ which they were proud, to fond volunteer companies and wear tneir uniiorm j some. of th^se were native^*, but the fireater part had been re- fugees from St. Doioingo. The American and French ' tAfiabita&ts^all^ougl^ sometimes i^t vananoe with eesk 1 ' ^ \ ■-if' - h4 • ^^lv,,y.,j| aK.1^. '' ' •wfcPMawe;^''.*;^ .>'■ -"!'-'- ■ -■■r-^*-;. «er^ "^^.M E WAl. » aietMirei)ltt ciHiMFii- tr the defence of thtt in was chosen presi- [|iient speech^ he pro* nrould repel tfae^vni' ng disamcted to tiie prove their detemA* 17. This, when made sal demonstrations of It in one of the< bj its effects in com- ity. In consequence the low price of all buffered roach. Tin i dutresses of everj ha ironderful aptitude of rms, was never mort rmingled with tlieniA D the Frendi amues* erous classi, were per- were proud, to food eiruniloroi) some. of t part had iwen re- American and French |t\ vananoe with' eash WAR* OAQ ■ily in dislike t/thov HISTOUY OF THE WAR. -In Kfctir ^^^^^^^ mly difficultXlt forTntj/^^^^^^^ ''-.^^ "^ In front a shallow coa^t and\Kr'"^ "nvadingby sea. "vcr, which, after cronTnJ^Sl W JP"""P*' «»t«n<^e a rapid, and of a course so liitni ' "» "a^r^w, deep, and susceptible of being fortTfiedTLl'*" ^'^"^^'''t easily « composed of im^ss." e s ' mi *J^^««t' the country ow marshy ooast Sn only be aTn ' .'1? r, ^'^^ East, the . low lakfe. The most naturMEn ?** *''''""8'' » s^al- would be^un boat«, or *S« h "^^ ^^l?"^'' * ^^^^try, capable ofbeing ea;57trSerr?rrf ^ "ttle water, an^' At the suggestion of com^dlre i//'"'" P'*'" ^ P'««e- had been commenced, but^snofi?"'*"'. * ^^^^^ '^^P uneasiness, however, prevSL°l«y®' ^O'np'eted. Great erful force expected to'^Sk fL? *^^*'^""* ^ the pow- of their nieans*^ of defence I m!:' ""I. "i* deficiency » hear- 8«condofDe4mber. ffispres^^^^^^^^ •^^^'^^d <>» the the confidence which it inXT " "dT''"**".*'^ *"«'* '» alacnty with which they second^H f *'»« ".''*n»n"ty and J»ap 80 justly celebraUfor Sir^^^Z^"*^''^ ^f a Jrtore. V?ith wonderf^ S/v' ?'?''T'' *°^ «<»»<* •H the resources of his fertile^S'f ?u"* '5 operation the country. He visited in S^= ''***'' *''« **efence of ^ «e v«,ted in person, accordi|ig to his in-. \, \^ \?- »i|giijii«htni|i|i -Vi !'■,< 1? t**. *& '■■'***? % P^l HISTORY pF THE WAR ■ :: •♦ i pMctice, every point where it might bi beoessa- , to erect H'orks to oppose the invaders. All the ialffts, or bayoua, {rom the Attakapas to the Chef Mentear and Manchack, were ordered to be obstrueted* Thft banks cf the Mississippi were fortified by his direction^ in Mch a m anner|as t^revent any of the enemy's vesselB from asctf|piPMN|i bttUeryiras erected on the Chef Menteur^lto at to oppose the^gitge of the enemy in that direction. I|« then called on the legislature, to furnish him the means of expediting the different works which% had marked out. A number of negroes, were iplished, and other reauiditions pronfiptly supplied. About one thousand regulars were stationed at New-Orleanst which, together with the Tennessee militia under Coffee and Carroll, wefe distributed at the most vulneriU)le points. Colonel Monrm^, in anticipation of the approaching: dan- ger in the south, immediately af^r entering on the duties of secrtitary at war,, had forwarded military supplies by the Ofifo riy%r^ and called on th6 goveirnours of Tennes- see and Kentucky, for a conriderabfaM|force, to be with all possible expedition to Looiswim. About the fifth of Oeeember, certain intelligence w>a| received that the British fleets consisting of at least sixty sail, was oif the coast to the east of the Mississippi. Com- moilore Patterson immediately despatched fiveeun bbsfts, tinder the command of lieutetiatit C'aJtM>y Jones, to watch ^ motions of the eiiemy| They%ere discover- ed m'suoli force off C^ Island, Wto induce the lieate- na»t t9^mlke,8ail for tUe passes into LakePouchartrain, ii^^der to oppose tKl entrance of the British. The Sea Horse, sailing maater Johnsoo^after agatiant resist- ance, was captured in thebay ofl^ Louis. On the four- enth, .the aun boats wfa||| 'becalmed, were attacked by _ arly fortylii|ge8 ith4 tllWe hundred men, apd after a Contest of an hour, wjith th|S;OTerwbeiniiiDgforce, the flo- tilla sui't'ender^l^'/rheloM of tne Am^icansi was fetty )amd and woWid^^lu^gthe lattlF, lieutenaiitS^. '^i^i y^m^^^ AH ami.j« iieut£nant« Jones and M'Keever oMded. The loss of the enemy was esti' ellu] • ' - were ^atedl kundred men". ■, I wrT'' > ■i|i»iL.^^%'is: ..gj^ -.-| N HISTORV OF THE WAR. 554 mean, of ^aichinR^t^Z Thf'^'^ "*/ *^* chief, that no precauZnVnjJffk .- <»«»raaoder ia battalion of mVn 7cXu?^"nl'**'T'*''"*!"«' **'^«'-«*» ^^ the Feliciana drUona to tJu Jh*'^*?!: ^T.**** ^»*^ teur, to cover thTrS * J?''® P**** °" "»« Chef Men- captiin NewLn „?f J» ^n * '^'V fn>mthe lakej and tr^mitj, in order t6 prevent the BHf 5.^ *'' *'-!,*"i *^- enterijig Pouchartrain fiK- '^*''' "'^POM'We^ from adopted. ColonerC;t!.?*-*' ""^'r* *r*"^ "-apWIj charts of thecitv Th?S ?. * '''^ *^^ P^^^^'H mer- vohinteers c^o^Sed of thl^^ll ««Perintendance of the omtnander in chief, r which he is so re- ly course to be pur- uioment's time, to stationed above the ace of rendezvous, arrived frtm the nteers were ready t corps were united V the city. The it the $^me time nd of general Cuf- ;men, were placed ty volunteers and ifn, the whole un- ^ stationed to the iwo regiments of the artillery and d the road. The \m M\ •*, N .•*J CP^ . Jilt % 2*,! .¥/. I W- n '^J % l"^*, f¥^ •§»■■ \k i/: irtstORY OF TH« War. 35S mile fr ' V >d ^ 4> ' - T W V . 4 a 1-, y . m .:^- S54 HISTORY OF THE WAR. V i I '■>/ ventb, threw hot shnt kl! u- [' . **" *"* twenty-se' blown unXuAn?' •'^ ;5''»'«^'? she was set on fire and cTZ ^hff ^,f.- °'"' *!?? ''•'^ ^as abandoned by her tSa «^J fi!rS-"l'!f%?'''tM*'"." ♦-^'^ herstationfsus' would be lost ' £r ' !5^1^:?- c(M)perative naval force fenter^lin^^^^^ A« deS^uc! commandei in S b^fnt^tnnS'^^"*'*'"' ♦^^ »"««* armv wi#Ko »..«•' ^*"'?g 'anoed the main body of his de«ruction J the fire from t|ie American batteries wJs Ir.n ' * ®"^*''' ??"«'■*' '•^ti'-ed- The loss of the Ame ^ ward PacrerJm**'*" ^''S*"' °^ ^""»'':J^> »8I5, Sir Ed- baKsnearth^ aT- d'scovered to have constructed rnl^JlA "^^"^ we American works, and at day-Iiffht com- Rr Sackson Tl.Sld ^T ^^^ ^'"^'^ ^'' w^ell feturnSi to turn Z'lprtffk^^A'^P*. "'"'** *»•« same time, made was cZ^fj!i ^*^*- ? ^•»«'2S*°» J •>"' '« this the inemy was completely repulsed. Whe British retired in ik^ evening, from theif batteries, having^ked Xir KuS^i M leaving behind a Quantity of ammunition. Thf^oss' of the >.ericana,on this occasion, Was eleven kinedind twen ty-three wounded. On the fburth, geS Jacklon Mas joined by two thousand five hund^S Kelcg^^^^^ i WAR. As the enemj was set to work in cou- ld on the twenty-se»* s^as set on fire and M abandoned by her look her station, sus- >) pntil in imminent )perative naval force Mtenant Thompson, finally succeeded in^ • After the destruc- ;kenham, the British the main body of his ery, superintended ifying his positioq. eneral advanced up of driving Jackson i distance of half a pets, bombs, and a he American works, uisiana discharging [irons, caused great ican batteries was nt struggle of seven belos^ofthe Ame- )unded, among the Jsseej that of the' ary, 1815, Sir Ed- have constructed d at day-light com- was well returned >e same time, made t in this the enemy ish retired in the ipiked their guns, unition. The loss s eleven killedAnd ti, ^neral Jackson irea Kentud^ans, I BiSTORy OF THE WAR. 35, "oS ^pt:^fi:L^ «i «;« «-% «.. Briti.h ^^ men. Tfie Brif fair r ' *"* ^^^ o^ fo«*P Ihouaanfl fifteen thousa^ntn r^^^ *«> iittleToTo' cans to about six thoisami rhf-fl'* ' that of the Ameri- derable portion unarS and frn J. ?\°''""«' * <^»n«i'- Parture, badly ^uppKith . Wk- ^^^ ^ftf "^ ^'•"r de- trmgmo^ient: ''°^' ^*« Particularly^ctive aTYws on the' t'e^earjol"""^^"^^ ■ P^eted, by the seveSh^a caialC^K""' '^^ ^^^ ^^O'"' Mississippi, bv whirh L . 1,1^ ^^^ swamp to the ber of hfboa^ To the riv^r f kS*'*';'"^?'^'-* » ««"- • airaultaneous attack on the iTf '"V'"*'"" ^"•oake son on the left bank, a^ crosSn. iT- "*^6«'^eral Jack- batteries on the rigl/t. The 3 ^ijr/^^''' "^^''^^^ the neral were by this fima ^^ . f . *^« American tee- straight line o?one thousand Ta^K V '^'5 IT * ^*s * of three thousand infrntJvaffl'A^''?''*'*^/ "P^^a^ds contained five feet waJl "^o Ht *?«"enst9. ffhe ditch flooded by o;enf„gX' iVees ^:/T1'''"1 ''*^'"« *•«« rendered slip^rylnd^aX^f'tj/hS?!-'*"* "l"*' ^as tren^h^Tn^^X^ruS^^^^ W' •"<»'«'«- I^uisiana militia? Ssti^/r^l* ^"'•«a°' with the tucky troops. To^ua?H I«^ deta(*ment of the Ken- othe/quartTr, c^o^^Reuff^V^ *'^.f ^''^ *«J encountering infinitrdiS*" . t"P®'*' '*'**' a few men. and bayou, ^andofthifsfbir^frf every pj^i irundofth^ commander in fe''*^^^^^^ *' '^'"e the with a considerable foKeK.^^^^ <=o'«nel Thornton ■wi'i -^ * " '/ •-•t» -....:..l;-|: S56 HISTORY OP THE WAR. M m twelre thoasand^men, in two dirision^, under major generals Gibbs and Rean» and a reserve under general Lambert. The first of these oflkers was to wiake the principal attack ; the two columns were supplied with scaling ladders, and j[ascine8. Thus prepared, the Ame- ricans, patiently waited the attack, which, would decide the fate ofTNew-Orleang, and i>erhap8 of Louisiana. The British deliberately advanced in solid columns, over an even plain, in front of the American entrenchments, the men carryii^ besides their muskets, fascines, and some of them ladders. A dead silence prevailed, until they approached within reach of the batteries, which commenc- ed an incessant, and destructive cannonade : they, not- withstanding,,continued to advance in tolerable order, closing up their ranks, as fost as they were opened by the fire of the Anjericans. When thev came withinVreach, . however, of the musquetry and rifles, they joined with the artillery, and produced guch dreadful havock, that they , were instantly thrown into confusion. Never was there so tremendous a fire, as that kept up from the American lines ; it Was a continued stream ; those behind loading for the men in front, enabled them to fire with scarcely an intermission. The British columns were literally swept away j hundreds fell at every discharge. The Bri- ^ tish officers were now making an effort to rally their men, ^ and in this attempt their commander, a gallant officer, gsneral Padceribam,' was killed. The two general* ibbs and ICdap, succeeded iA'pushing forwitrd tbeir co-<* lumns a second time;' but the second «ppi«ae(i was more fatal tbajfi first; the continued rolling fire o^ the Americans, resembled neels of thunder ; it was such as no troops could withstand ; the ^vancihl; columns brtike, and no e|S)rt to rally them could avail : a few platpons only, advanced to the edge of the ditch, to meet a more certain;i|j6itruction. An unavailing attempt was made to bring theni up a third time by their officers, whose gaN lantry on this occasion, deserved a better fate, in a better cause, generals Oibbs and Kean were carried away, se- verely wounded ; the former mortally. The plain be- tween the front of the British, aAd the American lines, \ k«. X^: * \ -m \- I HISTORY 01? THE WAR. ;." 357 i™irsi:s sj'.i'r'" V"-"'.""*" Tho°„ „'„ s^cJll'Jri'n ,*'•«. <'«««'='>ment under colonel was severely wounded and fhl ^°'°."!' Thornton rheir loss in th s fatal exnedifinn J«= Y* artillery, tiistrv wa8r*fiardSasWmeAnli-\ °"''"'n"^ ^'^« '"'- ■«». .',' ■^ r*: =^= ^ ,. , i^-v^. *^ ^ '^. '1*«^^^ r r t SU HMTORY OF tHE iWAR. der to annoy the retreat oY^e Britisjb. This active and 'c^rited officer succeeded in^aj^uriijig several of their boatsw and in taking a number of pi1s()#r8||The ^rlorious defence of New Orleans produced t%^8t lively joy tbrott^hoat the United States, raingle'^Ahowisver, \yith, fity^ for a brave enemy, who had encountered so disas- trous a defeat. The British fleet had, ^ the same time, ascended the Mississippi, for the purpdbl of hoiabarding Fort St Philip, which was commandedW major Over- ton ; but without being i^le to make any Impression. There is but fittje doubt that the objectof OreafBrl- tdn, was to poss'ss herself of Louisianai^ a^d obtaining a session from Spain, draw a ci|»)f4on round th6^ United ^ States, and by that means strai^e this y1>ung Hercu- - les, as it were, in the cradle. It is well kii|)wn tlrat on board the fleet, they had brought all the officers necessary for the establishment «»f a civil government, i\ even a col- lector of the port ! An American must trer^ble for his country, when he looks back at the danger We have es- caped. That the British intended to deliver |hc city of New Orleans to be sacked by their soldieryj,, is very doubtful, and from the high character of Sir^ Edward Packenham, it is highly improifbable that he w<|uld have given, as the watchword of the occasion, beavt^ and boo- ty ; this was more probably. spoken by some of the infe- riour oflicers, with a view of producing an excitement among the soldiery. "* While these bloody affairs transpired on the Mississip- pi, admiral Cockburn was pursuring a more lu(^tive, but less dangerous warfare, in the Carolinas and Georgia. He took possession of Cumberland island, afld meiiacing Charleston & Savannah, he sent out various detachti^ents, several of which were bravely repulsed j but his du^f oc- cupation was plundering the inhabitants of their sta- ples, and household furniture. The letters of serine of his officers, which were intercepted, display a speci|s of vulgar cupidity, very mortifying to the better clas^ of their countrymen, who could not but feel ashamed of Aeir conduct. The most usual topicks of these letters, were the amount and species of plunder which they p^- ^^ .t '.-r ,..- ■W' :■* ,■'- IE War. , • •■ Iritisk This active and ituril|ig several of their prisQriprslf The jrlorious 5ed tlii^^st lively joy raingle^/\however, yith. d encountered so diaas- t had, a| the same time) 5 purpoHs^ of boirtbarding imanded|)y major Over- lake any ^mpfession. the object^^of Oreat Bru^^ )uisianafy at^d obtaining a " yion round the United -^ l^e this ybung Hercu- It is well ki^wn timt on all the officers necessary government, even a col- ;an must treii^ble for his : the danger tire have es- ied to deliver Itbe city of their soldieryj,i is very haracter of Sirs Edward jaWe tliat be wifiuld have occasion, beaut^land boo- >ken by some of the infe- troducing an exciitement inspired on theMijSsissip- suring a more Iu"«« of or boatswain of a man of wjr' cL.Td "'• i***" •"•"tenant dence, and in a moment udo„T i ^"'^''' «^»'bout evi- American citizen. We have at? J *""* "*'*'"*^ «^" «> placable enemy of ouV poHtfca S! •,*^rP'"*^ *''" *«" with respect,. 'and ^ C^^n7^''''2V^ ^^'^i ^ ^" ™ay own ins country V •ip' rWi! %i--^^'> % /;, V- ^ rtlSTCmY OF*THE VfAR. dufted towards «^.>t let "s J?* W ^^ni- in vi«.'|5e ^^ it is in vain ^hilewe^e her tV%*^:t,"J^X^ to tell us that she « ^^^^f^^^^av^^^^^^ to destroy the ^ 8tirs up the «"''yf ^IjJXvf newish to be othei- Epless and thf nnocent Je ^a^e no Endand, while wise than on *«■•«"« l/^^^u^^^^^^ inScpcndence. she refrains from insulting ^^^^^^^ i^ngM^ge, institu- W« have a common or^n, a ^^"^^^^^ co?ru>ons and J^^w^ight from the same r^nt«^^^^ w^^^ je^sons. To us the war ^« P/^gf^rf o^ we\knessan4^ We have acquired a »nj^^«°K* ^n rise like a pyramid, its base eter^il. Our J*" Q J f^^^^^ j.^^ and ho: but war sdoner than t^e 8»gnw . . ^j^.^ ^ profit, nourable policy to all "^^/^^^E ^^^ ^^ One lesson we have J««" t*"8J'^^T ^^ aW* ^i^ak in DEFENCE* L- L ;5iasK,. f the glob* his fortune ritaintvill at last, treat >t with the civility, at I scorns .. ,. /^ asY, let us forgive the ■ ikst war has been con- forget it; let us keep it idw deportinenti mani- >t hastily charge those m : but ratlier consider few ruffian individuals, . le mistaken policy o^ a ,e that every virtuous t is in vain for Britain he battles of the world, the 8<*8; it is-'nr"^,^ rk of our religion, while ravages, to destroy the have no wish to be other- hip with England, while national independence, ammon language? institu- n gross corrupUons and language of Milton, we ?' with important lessons, e of our weikkness ant^ot n will rise like a pyramid, :y is peace, if j»9»»o«*J^*' ist insult. Fair and ho- areferrirjgilistice to njroW. fKht,^ch>as#orththe ^THAT WE M WEAK IN W"^ :(:JK RESTRICTED USE * Use in Library only. Author: Br ackenrAige, H M ^> jitid: Histct*y»Qf the late war Call No.: A .B793 ' ., \ s '1 J' Ace. No.: 22807 Copy No.: m^ .'sf -*