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1 N F O R M A r I ON 
 
 (/- 
 
 X 
 
 RESrECTlNG THK 
 
 EASTERN TOWNSHIPS 
 
 OF 
 
 IiOWER CANADA. 
 
 ADDRESSED TO 
 
 EMIGRANTS AND OTHERS 
 
 XN UARca or 
 
 ! 
 
 LANDS FOR SETTLEMENT 
 
 
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 / 
 
 MONTREAL : 
 
 FEINTED BY JAMES AND THOMAS A. STARKE; 
 
 1835. 
 
nil 
 
 BRITISH AMERICAN 
 
 LAND C O M P A N Y 
 
 INCORPORATED AND ESTAHLISIIED BY ROYAL CHARTER, 
 
 AND ACT OF THE T3IPERIAL PARLIAMENT, FOR THE 
 
 SALE AND SETTLEMENT OF LANDS IN HIS 
 
 MAJESTY'S PROVINCE OF LOWER CANADA 
 
 AND THE OTHER PROVINCES, AND THE 
 
 COLONIES OF BRITISH AMERICA^ 
 
 C03IMISSI0NERS. 
 
 THE HONORABLE GEORGE MOFFATT and ) 
 THE HONORABLE PETER M'GILL, / 
 
 MontreaL 
 
 AGENTS^ 
 
 SAMUEL BROOKS, Esquire, 
 JOHN MOORE, 
 STEPHEN YARWOOD, . 
 DAVID WOOD, . 
 DANIEL THOMAS, 
 E. L. HAYDEN. . 
 
 } 
 
 Sueubbookx. 
 
 Quebec. 
 
 Sheffobd, 
 
 Melbournb. 
 
 WlLLXAX HeNRT. 
 
 Port St. Francis, 
 
INFORMATION RESPECTING 
 
 ritF. 
 
 EASTERN TOWNSHIPS OF LOWER CANADA. 
 
 f Y: 
 
 CHARTER, 
 OR THE. 
 
 HIS 
 I A 
 
 I 
 
 MontreaL 
 
 IS. 
 
 TS. 
 
 Henrt. 
 Francis, 
 
 The Lands acquired by the Company, and now offered for Sale to 
 Emigrants from the United Kingdom, and to Settlers generally, 
 are situate in the Eastern Townships of Lower Canada ; a tract of 
 country which, from its geographical position, from the salubrity 
 of its climate, and from the fertility of its soil, must be considered 
 one of the most eligible situations for settlement within the British 
 dominions in North America. If to these advantages bo added, 
 the very low price at which Lands can be acqiiired, and the compa- 
 ratively small expense to be incurred by the Settler in reaching 
 them, there will remain no doubt as to the correctness of the views 
 under which the Eastern Townships are now recommended for the 
 establishment of Emigrants, whether of largo or small capital. 
 
 The Eastern Townships are situate inland, on the south side of 
 jhe River St. Lawrence, and are comprised within the 43th and 
 47th degrees of north latitude, and the 70th and 73rd degrees of 
 west longitude, their boundaries being the seignories bordering the 
 St. Lawrence and Richelieu Rivers, on the north and west ; the 
 line, dividing the Province from the States of Vermont and New 
 Hampshire, on the south ; and the River Chaudiere on the east. 
 This tract is easily accessible from Quebec, Three Rivers or Mon- 
 treal, by the several roads from these places, its distance being, 
 in many points, not more than thirty miles from the River St. 
 Lawrence, while the centre of the country may be reached by a 
 journey of less than seventy miles of land-travelling from the ports 
 at which passengers from Europe are landed. There is also easy 
 communication with New York, by way of the Hudson River and 
 Lake Champlain, or with Boston, by the great mail route from 
 that place. 
 
 The number of Townships is Eighty ; containing about one 
 hundred square miles, or sixty-four thousand acres each, forming 
 a total of upwards of five million of acres of laiid. llu'v compose 
 
the district of St. Francis, and parts of the districts of Montreal, 
 Quebec .and Three Rivers ; and are furtlier divided into the Coun- 
 ties of Megantic, DniinnKMui, Missisi()ni, ShefFord, Slatistead, and 
 Sherbrooke. The three hist nienlioried are tJjose which at present 
 offer the best prospects to the (Miterjjiising' si'tth'r. The Counties 
 of Sht'fford, Statistcad, and hheibrooke, are generally well adapted 
 for cultivation, the waste lands being in very sn-all proportion ; 
 and although the features of the country are 8uch as to present 
 the most varied and picturesque scenery, they, in few cases only, 
 prohibit the free use of the plough. The lands are everywhere 
 veil watered by springs and brooks, and several considerable rivers 
 traverse the tract. The St. Francis and its tributaries, the Nicolet, 
 the Becancour, and the Chaudiere, with numerous lakes, some of 
 which are of considerable extent, afford their natural .advantages at 
 present, and offer the prospect of their being, at a future time, con- 
 verted into extensive channels of water communication with the 
 eea. 
 
 The Climate of the Eastern Townships is one of the most healthy 
 of the continent, disease being unfrequent, and the intermittent 
 fevers, so d ;>tructive in Uj)per Canada and parts of the United 
 State."!, wholly unknown. From Cholera also, this district has been 
 entirely free ; no one inst.ance having occurred, although, in the 
 summers of 1832 and 183't, other portions of tlie Province were 
 visited with great severity. The winter is similar to th.at of Upper 
 Canada in the degree of cold experienced ; but the weather is less 
 changeable, and more snow falls in the course of the season, pre- 
 serving the ground from the effects of the frost, and furnishing 
 excellent roads for the transport of agricultural produce from the 
 most distant and least settled parts of the country. Field-opera- 
 tions commence in April, and are usually continued until Decem- 
 ber ; and both summer and winter are remark.able for the small 
 number of days on which work cannot be performed out of doors. 
 
 The Soil is generally a loam, in itsvarities, with a substratum of 
 gravel ; and the surface is everywhere covered with a vegetable 
 mould of some depth, formed from the decayed timber and leaves 
 of the forest, and precluding the necessity of artificial manure for 
 many years. All the crops usually cultivated in Great Britain 
 and IreljiMd are found to succeed here, and to yield large returns 
 to the farmer. Wheat, Barley, Rye, Oats, Beans and Pease, Indian 
 Corn, Turnips, Potatoes, Hemp, Flax, Clover, and Meadow Hay, 
 
of Montreal, 
 iito the Coun- 
 (tatjsteud, and 
 icli at present 
 The Coiintica 
 r well adapted 
 1 proportion ; 
 as to present 
 vv cases only, 
 •e everywhere 
 iderahle rivers 
 s, the Nicolet, 
 akesi, some of 
 {id vantages at 
 ure time, con- 
 tion with the 
 
 ! most healthy 
 • intermittent 
 3f the United 
 strict has been 
 bough, in the 
 Province were 
 that of Upper 
 veather is less 
 le se.ison, pre- 
 nd furnishing 
 duce from the 
 Field-opera- 
 i until Decera- 
 for the small 
 out of doors, 
 substratum of 
 h a vegetable 
 her and leaves 
 al manure for 
 Great Britain 
 large returns 
 Pease, Indian 
 Meadow Hay. 
 
 are all raised in abundanc;;; and the country is naturally adapted 
 for grazing Horned Cattle, Sheep, and Horses, of the best breeds. 
 
 The primipal Kxports have hitherto been Horned Cattle, Horses, 
 Pork, Butter, Cheese, aiid Pot-ash, the last of wliirh is manufac- 
 tured by the setlh'r in the progress of clearing his land, affording 
 an early return for his la'oour, and the means of procuring supplies 
 of provisions and necessaries for continuing his improvements. 
 
 The Markets of Quebec and Montreal, either of which is within 
 a very easy distance, otfer, in general, a ready sale for all kinds of 
 produce, at the same time that they permit the settler to lay in his 
 Btock of clothes, tools, and other articles of home manufacture, at 
 prices, in many instances, lower than those paid in Great IJritain. 
 
 The Roads communicating with the ll]a»tern Townships, on the 
 side of the Hiver St. Lawrence, sire three : — the first from Quebec, 
 by St. Nicolas, to Sherbrooke, or to Shipton ; the second from 
 Montreal, through Chambly and Granby to Sherbrooke, or 
 Stanstead ; and thirdly, the shortest and most practicable route, 
 from Three Rivers and Port St. Francis, along the banks of the 
 River St. Francis, through Drummondville and Melbourne, also 
 to Sherbrooke. The distance from Quebec to Nelson, the first 
 Township reached by that route, is forty miles; from thence to i"her« 
 brooke is eighty miles. From Montreal to Granby is forty-eight 
 miles ; thence to Sherbrooke by the new line fifty-two miles. 
 From Port St. Francis to VVendover, the distance is thirty miles; 
 from thence to Melbourne twenty-seven ; thence to Sherbrooke twen- 
 ty-four miles. On the two last routes mail stages ply twice-a-week, 
 carrying passengers fur about threepence per mile, including a portion 
 of luggage ; but waggons and carts may be procured for the convey- 
 ance of families and heavy luggage, at niucl> more reasonable rates. 
 A cart to carry eight hundred weight m.iv generally be engaged 
 for two pounds, for the whole distance, from Port St. Francis to 
 Sherbrooke, or at the rate of five shillings per hundred weight. 
 These rates are expected to be very much reduced ; and such 
 measures are proposed to be taken as will secure Emigrants, pro- 
 ceeding to the Company's Lands, from deception and fraud upon 
 the road. 
 
 With the view of providing a Port for the Eastern Townships, 
 at the point most eligible for the landing of passengers and goods, 
 and for the exportation of the productions of the Country, the 
 Company have commenced the erection of Wharves, Stores, mnd 
 
House<i for the reception of Emifj^rants, together with a hirge Inn, 
 Blacksmiths' Shops, &u., at Port St. Francis, situato on the south 
 shore of the St. Lawrence, and at the distance of nine miles from 
 Threi; Rivers. Vessels from sea, and the steam boats [dying be- 
 tween (Jnebec and Montreal, may land passoiigors and luggage at 
 this place, with great facility ami with the shortest possiblo deten- 
 tion. Houses have been provided for affording tenn)orary shelter 
 to such Families as nuiy land here on their way to the Company's 
 Lands ; and jneans will thus be furnished of making their ar- 
 rangements for the performance of the remainder of the Journey, 
 without being sid»jected to extra expense. An Inn is already es- 
 tablished, and further accommodations will shortly l)e afforded at this 
 place, for the better classes of Settlers. The wharves, and other 
 Avorks in progress, will offer inunediatc employment to such as may 
 retpiire it. 
 
 Emigrants proposing to proceed to the Eiistern Townships, are 
 recommended to land at Port St. Francis, as the most convenient 
 point from which to proceed inland, otherwise they may reach that 
 place from Quebec, by steam boat, in twelve hours. From Port 
 St. Francis they will take either the stages or other conveyances 
 by land to Sherbrookc, or to any other part of the Country. The 
 Road will be found generally good, and much superior to those 
 in other parts of the province. Inns will be met with at con- 
 venient distances, affording excellent accommodation at reasonable 
 charges, and the means of conveyance can be procured at almost 
 every point. 
 
 The whole expense for the conveyance of an ordinary Family, 
 consisting of two Adults, and three or four Children, with a full al- 
 lowance of Luggage, from Port St. Francis to Sherbrooke, may be 
 estimated at Two Pounds Ten Shillings, or Ten Dollars, and the 
 time employe'd in performing that distance, at between two and 
 three days. 
 
 By an arrangement with his Majesty's Government, the sum of 
 Sixty Thousand Pounds is to bo expended by the Company in 
 public works and improvements, in the part of the Country in which 
 their Lands are situate. These public works will be principally 
 Roads, Bridges, Canals, &c., all of which will afford employment 
 to the industrious Settler, and enable him from his first arrival, to 
 provide a support for his Family, and to lay by a sufficient Sum for 
 the purchase of such Land as lie may desire. In addition to this 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
I 
 
 large Inn, 
 the south 
 niU's from 
 [ilying bo- 
 ^lgy;ii<r^i at 
 hit' detcn- 
 iry shelter 
 Company's 
 f their nr- 
 
 journey, 
 il ready es- 
 'ded at this 
 
 and other 
 jch as may 
 
 iships, are 
 convenient 
 reach that 
 [''rom Port 
 •nvoyances 
 ry. The 
 r to those 
 th at con- 
 reasonable 
 at almost 
 
 y Family, 
 h a full al- 
 
 ie, may be 
 s, and the 
 
 1 two and 
 
 lie sum of 
 mpany in 
 y in which 
 )rincipally 
 iployment 
 irrival, to 
 It Sum for 
 [)n to this 
 
 4 
 
 oiithiy, and that for the extensive work* at Port St, I'luncis, th«; 
 Com[)any must annually evptuid a lar<^e sum in renderlnjj^ theii 
 Lands accessible, and thus every security is otVcred, that the Kast- 
 ern To\vn>hips must, in a short period, be very materially advanced 
 in Settlement, and consciiuently in the value of their Lands; and 
 that, in tins meantinu', the industrious uuui of small property, will 
 find th(^ most amph; means (»f procuririj^ eniploymetil, and even- 
 tually of romlerini,^ hiutself independent. 
 
 The C()nij)any's Property is divided into two Classes ; one of 
 which comprelitMuls detached Lots of wild Laiul, in the Townships 
 wliich are already partially Settled. These arc recommended to 
 Emigrants ami other persons, desirous of establishin;:^ themselves 
 in situations af!ordInt^ the advantaires of Society, Churches, Mills, 
 Schools, and lloads already fornu'd; while to siu'h as are possessed 
 of sufficient Capital, are oifered a lari^(' number of (beared and Cul- 
 tivated Farms, with Buildings, Fences, and other re<piisites for 
 proceeding- at once with a proper system of Husbandry. The 
 Company have also several Grist and Saw Mills, and Mill Sites for 
 Sale, in diifercnt parts of the Country, offering the most advanta- 
 geous investment for Capital, whether of great or small extent. 
 The extent of the Lots is generally two Hundred Acres, but any 
 quantity of Land may be purchased from fifty acres upwards. The 
 Townships containing the Company's detached Lots and Farms, 
 best deserving of attention at present, are Ascot, Eaton, Compton, 
 Orford, Brompton, Melbourne, and Shipton, in the County of 
 Sherbrooke ; Stanstead, Baruston and Hatley, in the County of 
 Stanstead ; and Milton, Granby, Sheft^ord and Stukely, in the 
 County of Sheff'ord. The prices of Land must naturally vary 
 according to situation and the qualities of the several Lots, in 
 respect to soil and natural advantages ; but for the present season, 
 they are proposed to be regidated on as low a scale as possible. 
 Four shillings per acre being the rate at which Lands in ordinary 
 situations may be purchased ; those in the neighbourhood of the 
 principal Roads, on the Banks of St^sanis or having the command 
 of water power, being of course rated in proportion. The value 
 of the improved Farms must also vary according to the extent of 
 the Clearings and Buildings, in some cases it will be found so low 
 as Two Pounds per acre. In addition to the establishment of 
 very moderate prices, the Company have resolved to aflFord to 
 purchasers the most liberal terms of Credit, for their pay- 
 
rncnts. Ono Fifth to une Fuuith, only, of thu amount of » 
 purclinso will bo re(|uii'(><l in liaiul, and tlio roniaindor will be 
 diviclcd into Six Instalmciits, (me of wliicli will he payabUi annually, 
 wilii Interest, at the lethal rate of the Province. 
 
 Tlu! remainder of the C!oini»any's Pr(>[»erty eonsisfs, in the St. 
 Francis Tmiton/, a lilm;k of Land, situate in the County of Sher- 
 broohe, and eontaining Six Hundred and Twenty six Thousand 
 Acres. 'I'lie arranc^cnients for preparini^ this extensive trac^t for 
 the admission of Settlers, have been framed solely with (lu; view of 
 securina^ its rapid advance in settlenuMit ami population. The Com- 
 pany, havina^ the stde superintendence of its estahlishuient, are dis- 
 posed to afford every facility for its hein<^ rendered accessible by the 
 opening of Roads, the building" of Biidj^es and Mills, and the exe- 
 cution of other uiulertakings necessary in a new Couutry, as well 
 as by encourag^inpf the establishment of Inns, and ref^ular Convey- 
 ances for Settlers and their Luggai^e. The natural features of the 
 country will be attended to in the survey and disposition of the lots 
 for sale; and the advantaj^es afforded by the neighbourhood of Roads, 
 Streams, or Lahes, will be, as far as possible, equally <ipportioned. 
 Such reguliUions also arc proposed to bo adopted, as will secure 
 the formation of continuous Settlements, uninterrnpted by the oc- 
 currence of Tracts of Wihl Land, so much complained of in other 
 Districts as arrestinpf the progress of improvement. These ar- 
 rangements, and the share of public improvements naturally expec- 
 ted to be performed within the St. /'/•a/zcw Territory, will no doubt 
 shortly render it one of the most flourishing parts of the Country, 
 and produce a vast advance in the present value of its Lands. 
 
 The extent of purchases, as in the detached lots, will be from 
 fifty Acres upwards, and the price is for the present tfxed ^t Six 
 shillings and threepence. Currency, per acre, payable one Fifth in 
 hand, and the remainder in six instalments, with Interest. These 
 terms will afford, to tjie. poorest Settler, the means of acquiring a 
 sufficient extent for Terming a Farm, the first payment on the pur- 
 chase of Fifty Acres, amounting to only Three Pounds Two Shillings 
 and Six Pence, and the annual Instalment, to Two Pounds One 
 Shilling and Eight Pence, with Interest; the whole being paid 
 within Six Years. 
 
nuunt of » 
 ler will be 
 lu annuiilly, 
 
 in the St. 
 
 ty of Sher- 
 
 Thousand 
 
 tract for 
 tlu! view of 
 
 The Com- 
 int, avo dis- 
 sible by the 
 nd the exe- 
 try, as well 
 ar Coiivey- 
 uros of the 
 
 1 of the lots 
 >d of Roads, 
 pportioned. 
 will secure 
 by the oc- 
 
 of in other 
 These ar- 
 rally expec- 
 r\\\ no doubt 
 10 Country, 
 jands. 
 ill be from 
 fxed jit Six 
 ne Fifth in 
 St. These 
 acquiring a 
 on the pur- 
 \vo Shillings 
 'ounds One 
 being paid