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In a papir jmblishcd iu tlic Journal of the Chemical Society for May .1H"0, f described an acid water from tlio Acadia Coal Mines atSteliar- U/ ton, Pieto/1 county, N.S. Tlio subject of the present coninumieation was obtained from a neigbbouriiij^ mine in the same county, tlic Black Diamond Colliery, situated at WestvlUe, a new villafije about two miles west of the former pliice. Thi,s water dillers I'rom that obtained at Stel- larton, whicii was partly of surface origin, in liavini^ been taken from a coal pit, and while the former furnished a good illustraticju of the evils attending the use of such a water in boilers, this gives an oj)portunity of comparing a water from the productive coal measures with Ihoso arising under dili'erent getdogical conditions. In ISGo, I tlescribed (o the Society* a dense brine from Salt-springs, Picto;! county, which, though containing more salt than the others, as yet ascertained, pro- bably shows the general characti'r of the brines issuing from the lower ;:.»«-* 9 now ON A WATER FROM THE COAT. MEASURES of soilinm.* These eminently suli.lmtca waters preKoi.t interesting eontrnstswitli tliose in wliidi clilori.tesare by nuu-li tliei)repnn.lernt.n« constituents, as tl.e snlino water of Bms .I'Or, Capo Breton, anaiyscl by myself,! the brines of Onondaga, Now York, examined by I'rofessor (iilssn.ani.,: sevral otl.ers deseribed by Dr. nunt.§ and the Wheal ClitFord water analvs.-d by Professor W. A. Miller, |1 and also with tho Kissingen water at Harrogate, examined by Dr. S. :Mn8pratt,t aTid those described l)y Dr. Hunt,** in which chlorides are abundant aT.d sulphates are absent. All these waters, excepting that from Harrogate, which is irom rocks at tho junction of the permian with tho car- boniferous, issue from .systems older thaai the carboniferous ; and wo sec the same fcatui-es presented by waters of intermediate times : for tho brines of tho valley of tho Alleghany River, obtained from borings in tho coal formation, are remarkable for containing largo proportions of chlorides of calcium and magnesium, though tho sum of these is never ' ccpml to more than about one-fourth of tho chloride of sodium. Tho presence of salts of barium and strontium in tlieso brines, and tho consequent absence of sulphates, is, according to Lenny, a constant character in this region over an area of two thousand square ^milos.ft In this curious circumstance, these waters agroo with tho Kissmgen water, and several of the Canadian waters described by Dr. Hunt. J J Tho water now to be described was mentioned as having been taken from tho productive coal measures. These constitute tho middle coal formation or the coal measures proper of this province, according to the arrangement of Dr. Dawson, who says that this series includes tho producti\°o beds of coal, and is destitute of true marine limestones. IJeds tinged with peroxide of iron, are less common in this formation than in any of the others of the system. Dark-coloured shales and grey sandstones prevail, and there are no conglomerates. §§ These beds are separated from the gypsiferous group before referred to by tho underlying millstone grit series, and they represent tho lower coal measures of the United States, and in part, the coal formation of Britain. Two samples of water were taken from the same pit at tho Black Diamtmd Colliery, under somewhat diflferent circumstances, and sent to mc for examination in November 1870, by A. W. Greig Esq., super- intendent of the Nova Scotia Coal Company, who was desirous of ascertaining whether the water would answer for use in his boilers. * Chcm. News, is, 98. t Clicm. News, is, 97. X Silliman's .Touniol, July, 18G7. § Gi'ology of Canada, 1863, p. 53 ; and CoutributioiLs to the Chemistry of Watcrg, SUliman's Journal, 1865. II Chern. News, x, 181. 11 Chom. News, xiv, 49, and xv, 245. ** Loc. cit. tt Bisohof, Clicniu'.al Geology, i, 377. JJ Loc cit. §§ Acadian Geology, Second Edition, p, 130. ^~*fc-..Mii i wri j rgiifatn iii i i ftgjyim i aiWfl i Mhffi GrE>/o^o lASUUES )iTKoiii iiiloiTstinp; lli{'])rfpnii(lerntiiifjf J Bn'tDii, nnalyHCil miiifil 1)}' I'n'fcssor t.§ iiiiil tbo Wlicnl I (uiil also witli thii Muspnitt,! ami are fti)uii(lant aTul lat from IIuiToj^alo, lian with tlio car- fovons ; aiul wo sco iito limes : for the cl from borin>,'H in irj^o proportions of [1 of those is never c of sodium. The ['sc brines, and the Lenny, a constant nd square miles.ft ivith tho Kissin^en . by Dr. Hunt. + J 5 having been tiikcn ite the middle coal Dvincc, according to s series includes the marine limestones, a in this formation ;olourcd shales and irates.§§ These beds referred to by the sent tho lower coal formation of Britain, luo pit at the Black astancos, and sent to Greig Esq., super- ho was desirous of ■ use in his boilers. News, is, 97. the Chemistry of Waters, News, X, 181. lit. tt Loe cit. 130. »« AT WESTVir.Lr., N'OVA SCOTIA. 8 Tlie wafers were bright and elcar; tiny had no odour; their taste was that of good spring water. 'I'licy gave respoeliveiy the following results: — Ortiiiit in tho iinporiiil ^'iilloii. xNo. I. No. :i. Hiliea u-(.i;{ (c-l.C) Carbonate of calcium ll-r).") 1(»'.M> Carbonate of magnesium ;{'(>7 ',i'!'>7 ('arl)onate of iron traces traces Chloride of sodium OH 1 M7 Suiphiiti of pDta'isiiim I'll l-;,H Sulpliiite of sodium 417 2''>0 Fhdsphorie acid none none t)rgiinic matter tioiio traces Carbonate of sodium ,'{•,")") ^-jj^ Free carbonic acid undet. uudet. Specific gravity lOoU-Ljl) 10()u;i;{!) >»•'■ Hence it appears that tho waters were essentially tho .same; they had an acid reaction on litmus; the ))aper regained its blue colour on drying; they gave off a good deal of carbonic acid gas, and deposited carbonates of calcium and nuigtiesium on boiling; nearly all the former was thrown down after two or three hours' boiling, and on concen- tration, a mei'e trace remained dissolved, The waters soon acquired an alkaline reaction on evaporation ; and when concent rated, they coloured turmeric deep brown, effervesced with acids, and contained sulphates, alkalies, and a notable quantity of magnesia. Ti.e waters being one and the same, n ;iy bo spoken of as the water from Westville, and, of course, in reforenct to the condition after loss of tho carbonic acid, which renders tho corbonates jjresent bicarbonatcs, as an alkaline water. It is interesting to find the composition of this water so totally unlike that of any of the waters eP ■ liis province as yet analysed, though this was to be expected consicV • / the diflferent geo- logical conditions under which those which have ■. -n examined ari.se. The small quantity of chlorides may have some relation to the absence of marine limestones in the productive measures mentioned by Dr. Daw- son, and is in very strong contrast with that in the brines from the coal- formation of tho Alleghany River district referred to above. In the waters containing carbonate of sodium analysed by Dr. Hunt, which form his fourth class,* chlorides are sometimes absolutely mid relatively more abundant than in this case; but on the whole, this is the class to which the "Westville or Black Diamond Colliery water belongs. • Loc. cit. HABBrSON AND SOUS, PniNTBBS IN OKDINARY 10 HEB MAJESTf, ST. MABTlN'e l7ne. u. ■;•■■■■■■ ^■■- ■ . •' ' l - M ' J. ,! u »»i*' g ' - '; ^ - j * ^^: