^A- IMAGE |V ALU ATION TEST TARGET (M^a) .^■*>: gflU I2£ 1^25 |U 11.6 SSSBBSSSI^S Unl^Ssssss nnl^^S^^S 6'^ i' ' -N «•; ■f. *s :!!; zjira rtjh^ii I Sdenoes • Cjorporatipi 33 WBT MAIN STMH WtBSTII,N.Y. 14S80 (716)872-4S03 o- X .* * 41, '■-^r CIHM Series (Monographs) ICMH Collection de microfiches (monographies) f ^-> » -"■«.■ - t' -.** /I baiiadian ln«tltut« for Historical Microroproduction./ inttitut Canadian da microraphi^uctiona hlatoriquaa ■'■rs- MnnMM 11111 BHMOiPfVivni* iwm / iwim •t TM ImiMrtB hat anMNpiMJ to okttMn tlw bMt origifMi eelpyaMfHaMiforfHiniiif. P«MifM of tfMt ctpy vfMeli oftfM Hw mmmI iiMtfiod of f Mmini, ar* L llHOtlfft S NliCO'VHllW M ffMillMlf 9ICMfiplMf# ^pl il lui • At4 poMMto di M praaurar. Lm ditiih da cat awawplaiia qui tont paiit-4tf« MHJqiii i du point da «ua MDNOfrapliiqiia, qw pauvant modif iar una imafa fapfOdiiHa, ou qui pauvant axi|af una modification dans la ni4tiioda nofniala da filniai^font indiqun ci da w out. r~j~VColourad oe*ai;p/ [ ^ Couaartufo da (j^CouvartufO □ Colourad paiM/ P ap i da co u l a u f D □ Covart ratloraii and/or iaminatad/ CouaarlMfa rostaurto at/oM palii cu i*a □ CoaartitiamiMint^' .- :-:H: . ' ''>.. La titra da eouvartura manqw «'' ■■■■._'■ OCotoiMad mapa/ '■ -^/'t'--^ :■'■': Cartas ftoprapliiquai an couiaur □ fagM rattorad and/or laifiinatad/ Patas rmtaurtai at/ou paHiciiMat ^^ •^..- ■■'■ ■-■;*' : I T^*9M discolourad. itainad or foxad/ Llcl Pafat dteolorAat, tadiatias ou piquta t □ Piiai datachad/ PagasditacMai □ Colourad ink (i^, othar than Uwa or Mack)/ tncra da aout a u r <i.a. autra qua Maua ou noira) ; r^lColaluiad plaiat and/or illustrations/ ■li^ flandiM at/oti i^intrations an coulaur ; ■" ,-■_ .■ . \ ■, . > "- □ qpund ^ith othar maiariai/ RaMaaaed'HNtrasdocumants ' '. r~~L>6ho«rthrou«h/ Li_r Transparaiica Quality of print varias/ Qualiti in«tala da I'imprassion □ Continuous pagination/ Pagihatioh continua « , □ Tiflht h indiin way causa Sh a dos w or distortton alonf intarior marpn/ La raUura sarria paut cauSar da rombra ou da la dhtorsimi la lont da la marfB inttriaura □ Blank laavas addad durint rastoration may within tha taut* Wfhanavar possiMa, thasa hava baan omittad from filminf/ , «Mi naut oiM cartaihaa oaaat Manchas itoiitAas lors d^una rastauration apparaissant dans la taxta, mats, lorsqua cala itait possiMa, cas paps n'ont pas atafiimaat« . ■■■' - - ^«^ I ^XAdditienal comments:/ Page L-U C o mm antairas s u pplfanantairas; I I Comprand un (das) indax Titia on haad a r takan f rom: / La titra da I'an-tMa proviant: n TitIa paga of issua/ Pap da titra da la livraison .A ■M, I ! / I / I Caption of issua/ L I Titra da depart da la livraison Masthaad/ '"' ' Giniriqua (piriodiquas) da la livraison is printed ks p. 17y Copy has aanuscrlpt annotftjdLQns. This itam is fikMad at dia raductien ratio checked balow/ Ca document est fihni au taux da rMuctibn indiqutci-dassous. ;. ^«« 14X 18X- — 22X — ^ 26X— " HW ^ 1 /' ■■ ;^- 12X liX »X 24X * 28X 32X v VIM th« 0^1^ filmed Iwrt tuf»lli«nr«produe«d thanks . to th« ganflrosity ef : Me tropoMtlin" Toronto Ref d ran l« library Baldwin Room Tha Imagas appaarinfl hara ara'tha baM quality poatlbia oonaldaring tha condition and laolblUty of tha original copy and In kaaping with tha filming contract spaclfloatlipna. Original odpjas In printed papar oovaN •f filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the lakt page with a printed or illustreted impres- ' elon, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copiaa are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or llluetreted impret' •Ion, and ending on'the last page with a printed or iiluttrated Impretiion. The last recorded frame on each microfiche •hell contain the eymboi '-*- (meaning "CON- tlNUED"), or the eymboi V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. ^ v Maps, plates, charts, etc., mi(y be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely Included In one exposure are filmed beginning In the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames es required, the following diagrams illustrate the method: -^ '^■■■y 'l%)<emplalra fHm4 fut reprodult grice « la g«n4roa|t« da: r MetropoM tan Toronto Reference Library Baldwin Room ^ \ . Lee ImSges suhrantae ont 4t4 raprodultes evec ie plus grend soln. ieompte tenu de Ie condition at da la nettet4 de I'exeAipielre fOm4. et en oonf ormit* evec lee conditions du contrat da v fiimage. . ■ ' ■ .' ■ - -: - ■ 'i* ■"■■ ■'■.'■ '■•■■.■ ^ ._ ■. Les exemplalree orlginaux dont la couverture an papier est Imprim4e eont fllm4s en commen^ant ^ per Ie premier plat et en terminent sOlt per Ie dernlAre pege qui comporte une emprelnte d'Impression ou d'illust/atlon. soit par la second plat, seloh Ie cas. touf les autres exemplairat origimiux sont filmis en commen^ant par la premiere pagq qui comporte une emprelnte .' >; d'Impression du d'illuStration at en'terminant pdr ' la darnlAre page qiji jbomporta una tall* ampralr^ta. ^ Un das symbolas sjdivants apparaftra sur la dernlire image dejchaque microfiche, selon la cas: la symbols -^W signlfie "A SUIVRC". Ie symbols ▼ signlf to "FIN" ^ ^ Les cartes, plane] fiimAs i das tau Lorsque Ie docu '•PJ^V't'nun d^Mtglesup# effb haut en b d'lmagas n*cai illustrent la mil les. tableaux, etc., pauvent ftra da rMuctlon diffirente. lent est trop grend pour Atra laul clich*. 11 est film* i partir aur gauche, de gauche * drolta, IS. an° prenant |a nombra talra. Les diagrammaa aulvanta . hoda. ■ 1 ■■ • 'a. : 1 m r 6 ;-'VV'- 32X ■'&;-.■ .t- ' i «■« f- .V! .*: ^r f \m r^. ' A HANDY -BOOK or THE LA¥ OE DOWER; X- WITH / ;. ?, F' STATUTES, FOKMS. PLEADINGS. &c. BY W. a. DRAPER, ^"^^ BAKBISUBrAT-UlW. -2C7 ••AS //^^.♦^-^mNri) AND PUBLISHBD BY W. 0. CHBWBrX A 00, KINO BTESKt BAST. T~"^ H. ..' . t ' > /'\- r *"•■ i ■nterad acoordiog to Act of the ProTlndal Lagidatura,- In th^ y««r of (»ar Lord one thooauMl eight hundred and dxty-three, by WnuAH OwMB Orapbb, In the Office of the Reglatrar of the Province of Canada.. ■\^m' . / ;'-o'^/ TO THB ; /. ''7A* TWWf ^'> I^NORABLE WILLIAM ilBfRY DRAPER, C.R yaw of rnxuH v •* CHIEF JtrSTlCE . / /, Of \V ■'■ i UPPER CANADA, THIS WORK IS AFFBCTIONATBLT tNSGBIBBD,. W. GEO. DRAPER » „>* 1> X- / W'' ■' t;" • ■> f *' 's ^k-i. \ ■ . ' ■' . x » ** !■" • .. ...■ ■ ■ X "^ ■-" ■■ ■■■ ■■/'■ '■-i\ » ■ ■■ . ■ ' \- : ■■■:■■,.■■ ■ J 4- : ■'- -■ * •!■; • • PREFACE. \.. 1.1. The great increase in late years of actions of dower, and the difficulty in obtaining books and correct infor- mation on the Law and Practice of Dower, experienced by country practitioners especially, induced the author to attempt this work. Well aware of its many difficulties, it is hoped neyer- theless that there will be some corresponding hgifcftt to overbalance them, and at least that it may be etm^' « He iBMnt wdl wljp wrote this hlatorto." In England the action of dower has become nearly effete, since the husband can n0w destroy his wife*s claim to dower, even without her consent; a mere declaration by the husband in a deed that dower is barred being sufficient, without the wife's concuzrenoe^ to bar h^ didm. In Canada, howevtr, every effort has been made by the L^slfftuTe not only tQ perpetuate such an estate, but also to facilitate the recovery of dower with greater sp^ed and certainty than heretofore. Whether it would be bettor to endeavor to do away vritli this estate or not is not intended to be argued here. All that is required is to discuss the law as it now stands, and the profession must judge the result as contained within. HI'," "iv i 't ir Vx 'H'' ■:>. f» ti PBlfAOM.X. Vi ii regretted that there «re aeTeral very important cases now in the course of scyudication which may affect tome of the positions assumed; but every endeavor has been made to collect together in an accessible shape •every decision of importance in England and Canada, for the guidance and assistance of practitioners hero; and it is hoped the effort may be found useful to those who, like the compiler, have not large libraries for ready -- reference. - -.,- -~^^--X,-- — ^_.„..^__l_ _■..,,. .^_, _ . — KnronoN, /Wy iBth, 1863. W. GEO. DRAPER. ■r: I A-* ^. N INDEX. «i «i <« A. YAM AbMooe for atym yean U % pr«tvmptioii of death ....• 81 Aotion of dower, how oommenoed^. *.....• 9i Form of notice of ..*<.#... ......*.. Oft mast be brought within twenty ye*r« f^om deattt i^ ^ of husband.. »..* Ill eannot be bronght if elalmant Joined in a deed H lU release by second husband alone is no bar to... 48 Adoltery a bar of dower .........3 .• 6» 51 «< Form of plgye.;;...'... ... 81 " Form of reflStion 82 Agreement, Terbal, effect of, as to doW^i .......%; 42 ^lien, widow of, entitled to dower. 4 may possess real estate in Canada 4 must have possessed real estate on or befSmra 28rd Notemheri^ 1849. ^ ......4, 61 Law of New Yorlc asfegajrda...... 61 replioi^Uon to plea of, need not state Tenae...... , 70 Form of plia of 77, 82 Form of replication 82 Annual ralue, how estimated ; * 06 Annuity in lien of dower 107 " to be » lien ....107 Appeal ftrom order of confirmation^ 109 <"* not Talid until bond for $100 given 100 Court must decide within two terms After ...... 110 in case of reTorsal, the Court shall certify to the sheriff .......,,. .....,....; 110 hearing of ................ ..,....,. 110 costs of, discretionary..... .*,«........ 110, 121 <( «. li « «< 4« « « u *t A" ■ :'\ '»'■' ■ ,'■ •• r" > . .*7i ▼ill INDUE. .4; riurtr AMlfttmcBt tj iheHir iniiy b« Mt ••i<l«, sod • new on« h«<l M 08 ' abouUi l>« hj meteH nntl boandi *•• 68 ple« of, bvfor* aofion .,.« *.. 84 of improvements to be »vo{ded.v..«. »<».•.. 107. Form of writ of > ..; 01 Writ of, ftfler ^adgmcDt ..^.m ..« 106 Writ of, grauted wbefe p*rt/ Mqniesoct - Widow MODOt niftiotain cj«otai«nt until after «...,/. ,.•• 82 «Mta of, follow iQtt.. 121 it «« «« •t Bmim, »o miBiiter slwll . Mlebrata Barrisge witboat lio«DM or publioation of.... ......... ••4.. M**M •••«•• •••• 124 B*r of dower, Treason... ••••••...MMr...*. <..« 5 «« Adaltery ...., <.. .,..., ' 6 ' •* by married woman < 48 «* tale bj exeoatioa it not a., •^^'^ •• 8tatnte of Limitations ..; < 46 '* Hettlemens ...4*>..«k<i«*«#^Mi «•••>• <...m^. ... 4V M. Jointare... ».» 48, 60 M '-^ short form of, by etatnte ^. 4 128 iRgatey. nullifies marriage **. <..«....... 17 Bond as seearily fot appeal.. ...<<..« ..^... 109 ^:V.:. ■:;:. ;. ; ■• , C ■ . - ^ ; ■>.■•■::■ Certifleate of bar of dower . .«..ow,i .....^ 48^ *^ . . in UDIlftCl OlAtVw •«•«*••••#•••••• «••••• •ea«ea •*•••• v4 . ** ' OOW ▼^TlQCCI •••••••*••#••• •••so ••oeeooo* •■• ••« ^'f AU^ v -^ ■ In Uppor OAnftQft •••••«••••«••••••••#•••• ••«i^po«*» luo " ' jrorm 01 ••••••• ••••••e«* ••*•••••••••!•••*•••• ••••^r*'*** ii/M r :. ** JF^^ TOT •4««« •«••<< •*•••« AAA ••• •V»««*e^> •••••0 •••• •••• 1 Vx : M "of marriage must'be gifen if required...... 125 '".^. fee for .<<«*••'•«.%*..* .....<^^*«.«.»<«**..*.M.*««...*. Iao '/"^ . ■'"«f r"^ "T*^ . • ■ • ■ ■ 'I .' • . ,.■.■■ • -1 ■ ' " ■ -. " FAM Cbi»rt«r«, detinira of...*. ••••*«•••••••••••••••*•••••••*•■•• 62,' M Chtireh, marriage need not bo eol<ebr«tod In.. »••»•••... 126 OUiidesUno Mftrriagea, Aot to protoni 129 Olork of tho PoMO to furnish booko And Itott to Mloit< tor. , 137 Coal oU welli, dowor may b« aasfgnod of. 66 Comniisalonerf may bo appointed by ahoriff, 106 «* ^ muiitboawora ....♦..- 106 7 ^' in. OMO of death or reaignaUon, Othort ■^- Bia>y ba ftppoiDtod..»Hr»»iHriM *«>•••*«• W6^^ •< ^ ahall Uy off oua-third of tha land ; 106 ** thall oonaidor ptwa mant lai^roTO- menta * 66, 106 M may aat^a aQnnity;hi Uaa of dower....; lOf, " akftU ratnru OTidenott to aharlff. 107 •< shall Totani qnantity and booadariea... 108 ** . may employ aorTeyani • 108 ** f new, may be appointed in oaee of re- Toraal * 110 •( fceato ».. 110 Confirmation, order of, may be appealed from wlUila 80 daya « •<' » »**<^» 109 Oonaent to mailrlage, age fer...A 7 , ConToyaaoing, form of bar of dbwer in ..,...»... l^t Ooanty Coart,- Judge of, may gralit writ of MalgnmeBt in oertaln eaaea 106 Conrtesy, tenant by, how to be aatisded, if estate nold ^ under Partition Aet... «.....« .«.^.»« ...*•»....«. ........ 122 Oosta, liability of infant to...........-....^;..:;... 76 " IfeeoTorable by ;{. /tf. ...........*.. 76 ** equitable right to dower entitHs widow |o.. 76 ** allowed after one month'a demand in writing ... 97 «« under see. 1 of 24 Vie........ «.. UO * Ol ftppOU«e**««*e •■«•*• eaaaaa e»«aa*'«iaw •«•••• ••'••• ••••••••« 'Jl lU " tariff of, to be arranged by Snperior Coarti..... IjlO ** what ooate miy be ailowad.....***.*. ;......• ••.•....,, 60 "V***!. r iiiDMx. tt:;: \ s <( It. Costi, Monritj for, mt.y be obtoined...... 78, may be reeorered where demandis alleged and Jadgment by default .of aasignment of dowe; follow the enit -,......„ Crim. eOau, OTidenoe in an aotion for Crown lands, widow entitled to dower in, if pnTOhased bj hoiband, though ho patent iuoed.. PAoa 60 72 121 19 88 ^ it u >•••• w* «^.« 11 \ „ Damagei^ measure of..;......, eompntationof..|. how eetimatadUrf^;^ ..s... 57, oa^i|6t be reooTered.for more than « yr*8. 64 where none claimed, none pan^be reoorered. •nggestion may be entered after final judg- ment and enquiiy go ooneeming J demandant only entitled t4 where husband died seised.... ., ', ....^ , ;. .^ may be demanded of the heir, though under n^i, * •g« "•"...*......... ....„ «...*,;i ... Death of husband oonsnmmates title in doi^er.. ..r..... " of husband must b,e tried by a jury . ... ... ^ " how proved ..„ ....„.., "t^T.*. P"»»«»«d •''«' WTei^ jears absenoe..^ . Death, |>arty asserting fact of, must prote it ............ ^ Deolarmtionmust be senred within a year .:............. " proceedings at trial when no personal ser- 1.,' 1^ ^**'* ®' ••••••••"""•«•"..".......« ♦«....., ' n^" ^ - ?**"* **^ "•"• •• •• — ............. Demand of dower must be serr^ one month before aotion brought , „ . * D^iie of Charters........... .................:,..;. 52, , i^vifemlienof dower ~ " P*«» of* *nd acceptance by widowto'ueu of'Z pin«^oat|^, diffjetrenoe bet:^ een lejal and oaaohical 64 64 111 128 69 69 60 61 80 80 80 8l\ 81 94 96 or 97 00 86 80 83 II X ..I »-i— .y»f. : t (I DItotoa ft bar of dower #........... *........ «.*... 6 Pomioile of origin ,..., 18 ]Do8 definition of ...».«. ............*....,.«....... 1 Dower, definition of «.... 1 cannot be reooTored of j^tfe already aseigned for dower...t.... «,. ... ,*, , ^...'.. 98 in eqnitiible estates .» ................*..«... 89 how barred ordefeated ... ../.^ .,. ....«»•..,.•*•* »• 48 aotion of how oommenoed...! ••• u*a«. «• 98 certificate of bar of 48 procedure in actions of »•••> ». »• ^.•... ......... ... 98 abolished in certain cases * 102 how barred ,.....M................ .•..»... 102 venue in .....^.•. •*..*^*.. ..... ........................ vs a widow's right to, may be conreyed in Equity^ 49 Tender compellable in Equity to make an abate- ment if wife will not bar .....^ ............ 49 measure of damages in... 64 Tenant in, how satisfied if estate divided under Partition Act .^..,.... ............................. 122 Dowress, cannot maintain a possessory action until V dower if assigned her 6|4 Eleethm, If husband exchanges his lands,' widow haa ■ . her 84 « Time for making a.... 86 ** . by widow to take what is deidsedHo her in A lieu of! dower binds her...... ..... ............ 48 Equity, Court of, wUl aid the title of dower ............ 42 Eqmtable estate!^ widow entitled to dower out of.. 89, 101 Evidence of marriage ... .^....... ... ... ... ..^. 16, 16' Evidence, in an action of crim. con. ........................ 19 " of death .^ ....80, 81 Exchange of lands, effect of ..............: , ... 84 plea of, and election by widow to take other (I <( «i «i l( 4( «< «( l< . «l it u $f I- , laiMlB •*.**..•»••*..# ;«•.«.» n.... •'•* •<* ..t *•# ••• •*• 84 .=.-i?-- ;: '>-rs." : I'M xii IMDBX. FAOI 46 Bx«entioD, sale of ludi under, !• no Ur of dower ... ■ .. -,- ''...'¥■■ ' ■' . ^ Fee fbr bertifloate of bar of dower " for oertifioate of marriage.; ," to Registrar .,...,, J* to Minister oa celebrating marriage.....,'."."..T...* Foreign Countries, marriages in ig Forms of pleas. Tout temps prist 76, 80 •V Replication thereto.... ...... .....,,.,..„ 75 Rejoinder thereto .^.......„ ............... 77 Tender and reftisal io accept ..,.,, ^ ne nnques accouple ~......,.......^... ySO^ «< ■'■■"• ,■ ** ' ' #■ ■■ M .■'■-■ 1 \ " ' ":'■■■' i .. , *• . ■•■■: ■.■ «l ;■> ;. ■ «< l« M 104 126 126 126 Replication thereto ... AQUlterjr „..,..;„ .;„^ ...r^ .,;,.,.., ,,..,, Alien, &o ..»...#..•.«.,..,„., , ..„., .,„„.., jpostea for demandant as to part and non seisin as to residue........,..^.....,.. of Judgment thereon .„ ... of postea wliere tenaftt pleads ne unquet aeiiie and Jurj find for demanditnt aqd assess ^damages ..... writ of assignment of dower ............ ."...^ deolaration ... iasno and suggestion of serrioe of demand one month before action brought of iasne book and demand of dower ••- jie«a«* •••••• ••• . n Hab. fao. seis, there eamiot bt an aliaa ... Husband, death of, consummates title in dower...... " dcftth of, how proved... ......... " atire, plea of ........ M....... I ...... ..... ....OT «« r^lication thereto .v^ «•*•«.... m »•....*.. ,t,mm^0k'iit 81 81 77 77 78 79 91 98 99 99 68 80 80 86 86 K-. ^roYcment^ to atj^id aqsigni^ dower of......... 68, 108 \ •j^'t- ''^^*T' -T^ IVDXX. • •• PAcn Im|troTeineatt» om of, to b« ^zdaded In wtinktiDg dtMULgn....,.^,. Ill lBf«iitoUabI««e«o«t» '............................ ^.....<. 70, 76 *' prMUoe wh«B they refuM to pleftd ,\„ ,.,,., 68 iMpeotioa of ooaTeyanow not grurtod ondor certain ' eiroaDMtMKtos ...... ...... ... », ... ...... .^ ». 70 Lwve; form of • •••a •••••••••«•• •••••• «•••«« «•« ••« ••• •••••••«• W ** bookf foim «f 99 & Joint tenant, wife of» dying first not :entitledtjodover^ 22 Jolntnre ia a bar of dower.......M..M»......**»«»««....*., 49 Judgment) fonn of ^.«.....». ... ... ........ .....m... .*•.. ....« 78 wwB aocreaoenott ..•■A ......... ....u ... Mii.aau*-****** •»'««•*•• ••. ^^ KQns of lime oif brick, dower ia assignable of. •• •«*•«• ••• 66 Landlord^! tenant mnst notil^ «..< Lex dmnicilt lacens^ no fliiiniliter to aolemnixe marriage irifhoat... ** Mnd to belong to the legislature Lien, annuity, to be a » Limitations, form of plea of statute of of action of dower ...... ... . ••• ••»••• •••••• «•« •••«•••■•'••••• •*• *•• ••■ •••••• ••• <• 97 18 124 128 107 84 111 Marrii^Ee|,^^tf»tf<f dower ..... ^ " f age of, consent t* •••V»*« e •• ••• •%• ••• •■• *«• *4« ■•*•«• «•• ••* •••••• ««• ••• ••• ••• ••• ■..^/^rt • ■ ' i' ■ ./"^ -. ■.'■ :■;■■*» •* ^ « trfio authoriaed^rilemniie... 8, 9, 10, 14, ?«» what snffidient eMence of in dower ... 16, irith deceased inf<B^B sister .;,^«..... .....»*... disqualification to ..» ... .» ............ ........... Record of, to be filed with Registrar... ...... .. necween yi^^^'^H •*• ... .*. ... ... ... ...... ... ... ... Bigamy noUifies «•••••«•• te*>«a« ••• oe« ••• %•• a*« ••• 7 ' f 1» 16 11 11 16 16 IT si? INDIX. Pi?'', MtrrUge in fordgn oonniriM. n ", »>«*W6«n • Jew Md » ChrUiian ^.„. 19 of minora illegal .^... ,.*,., 21 " need not be solemniied in ohuroh or cliapel 126 •* P«i^iJ for negleoUng to return lift of...... 137 J -!! :, ^^^ Imperial ... ..; 129 Harried woman^how to bar dower of 48, 102 " in Eni^ or the United SUtos 48,102.108 . " deed 0^ inralid nnlees directions in stotnto Maritaginm •••"."......, ......i.i.^^:;^,...„„.....-i.^„ 1 arerton. atatnte of. gitea damages... .....v.. 64, 66 Mesne profits, widowentitied to one-thir/of for six Mill, dower maj be assigned of the profits of......... ... 64 Mines, dower is due of 88, 64 r^« ^*>^ »«y work open 88 Minister nf any denomination ma/ solemnise maiw riage ..ii, 4, .♦„„,„.,.„„,.,.„,,, ,^^^^^^^^ j^^ 124 must keep reoord of marriages, and make • yearly return «..„ ....«....,<.....«, . ..... I6, 128 ihall not celebrate marrisge without license or bamuT ., *.„,. ^.^^^^ 124 Fee to^ on celebrating marriage ............... 126 in case of death or remoTal, duty of suc- cessor ........i ,.«„„.» ,,,,,, ,„,.„,.,^, «.,», 126 penalty on, for nieglecting to return list of v niarnages ..M.».M..i..T....,„ 127 Minors, marriage of; iUegal ....;..... ,.....,.^ .....,„. ^t Mortgage^ wife of; not entitled to dower ...... ......... 88 '- " . in fee, in possession, may be sued for %) . «lower ........ .....Li..«; .....^... ... 70 Mortgagcfv iHdow of; not barred ...,...„,....„..„......, 26 it u l< «< I^ muiMi MC(iiqp)t6, pjenk how «ef M^^ W -« ^■•■//-.vn-;.--" <.ii.iilitff|.m--4ii -- -r^*-")|.-lf'iTi, ■••■ '^.^'^" "v«J ^ . niDix. vr He vaquM aoeonple, form of plo* of BO ** fonh of repUoatioB *...... 81 No nnqves seiiio, E?id«no« under ple< of 28, 20 ** form of ple»of....... ..<„............... 8ft Hon tenxire, form of plea of 88 . ,»i Oooupent, effeot of reeorerj eg»inst Order of oonflrm»tioii may be rerersed bj Coart ...*•*.■..•• .M.W..M V7 ...... 110 Fartienlan of premiies oaimot be obtained by demand- •nt 80 Pleas, form of ..* ....«..., ,^ 60 «« what may be pleaded together I... 80 Po8iei||8ioa, primft faoie OTldenoe of eeiem " Taoant ......... ............ *•......« .......ra... ... vO * ooie^ rorm 0* m •*....... .■.•.•••.t...,,..,,,,,,^,,,,,.,,,.^ 7 *< form of, where tenant pleads <*fM imi9«m «d«M." 70 Praotioe in dower where tenant makes default .« 67 " Where infiuit tenant refuses to plead...... ,..,*. 68 -■ ^'\:' ■:■'': ^-:\/ ^-'^ \ Quakers, return of marriages of, bj whom to ie •MW^e «•**•. •..ra..*M.M.M..M.V....M..u........».. ...a lOk «20 Qnarentine «.......« *.„ .,„. 2 Qnany, dower ma/ be apsigned of ... ... ......... ... 64, 65 y y> r % •••»-" Beeord^ form of ....~,«... ....................... 100 Beglstvar to file return of marriages „. ...... 16 ** fiMto, for filing aboTO ..126 *^ ** 4 du^ oi; on reeehiiig reeordef marriages ... 128 Segistiy of marriages, book of, to whem to belong. .. 127 **' Vdrm of book of. ....*...... ....m.....^..^ 126 aeleaae by seoond husbpmd is no bar.. .„ 48 ^ '; »«^ Xfi IMDKX. FAOI AfleAM by » woman varrled • Moond UoM withoni her hasband Joiaias i^ It, is toid...^... 46, 48 bj deed, plea of... ^ *.. ••• *»- 84 fi Benti^ widow entitled to one-third of n»». ......... ...... 88 Beplioation to tout tempt prut ,,,^%,ii,»,-\ /....*.... 76 Beport, eertifted copy of, to be re^^tered.. 121 Betom to be made by oommiwioners to sherilF.. 108 ** may be set aside or oonftrmad by iheriC 108 '* may be appealed from witbin thirty days........ 109 ~ ** if not appealed from, to be conoiaaiTe .; 108 Bight of entry, if husband entitled to, widow shall have dower ...••••..■••«• ....22, 101 .\ r« ••«•««••.•*•• ^d<iiiniii|y tat oesis may be obtained in dower. Seisin, hasband most haTe ba(t^-4vriBg marriage....^ .*' must be in aeveralty •*»..^m »•..«.•, - i V .. 2ii law snmoient ...««..•• ......*•.....•......••.•...».• '* . ' waDsitory, cfieet of m...m»**.>«» *•*••■*.. mm**« •*.. '" r ** posses^a frm$ f*m evideiioe ef...^. ......... Serrioa of deoliratioa and aotiee w. ** proceedings at trial, when not personal ** tenant mast notify his landlord of ...... . Serriee, Form of issne and soggestion of.... Shflriil^' effect of sale of lands for taxes by. toj^point commisttonera. eommisdoners to make retnm to^. .4.....** ...^t. may enlarge time for commissioners' report... may set aside report...... ».... . may con&rm report... to deliver possenion .when report cei^raied.. «« II M ill .t»i . «« ' 1*-- - M' ••••eee* I •••••e eee ■ ••• *•»•»• •«»• ••• ' •••••• «••••• eil* •.•••■•••. «•• •«« ea^ » aeeve* ee* ••• oee e«* eee •••• ••• ••• e«« •** «•«'•■>• ••■^•a aae^ae 69 22 22 28 28 28 94 96 97 09 46 106 108 108 108 108 109 jaast certify proceedings under his official seal 109 sale of kuids by, is no bar to aa action •».....• 46 makhig pairtial aasignmeat ...•*•..•....»....••... .69 •honld retnm "by metes and boaads/V if' ]pMNubMM....M«...w^...««* •••«**«••....«»>.•.*.•.««• ':iia ^ mjtX' «ftt Sheriff, how to Mtimate ih« adtaaal Talus ....^ 66 '* datyof, if no appeal „»k. 121 Sister, marriage with deceased wil^a .i.... 11 Statutes, 88 Geo. III. eap. 6....... ....%. 8 *t 41 88 II oap. Vt.» «•#•••••• o ••••••••• «••••«•«• 41 i< II I* 41 41 ** II II 69 " cap. 16........... 11 Geo. IV. cap. 86.. ^^»w C. S. U. C. cap. 72... ».••••••• •••*••.•■>' , 24 Vic. cap. 26........^ ...... ......... .4.«.\... >•••••• •••«•■• •••«•• ae^j I. 9 14 20 24 Vic. cap. 40 ...i. "^ffi ^ " 26 Geo. II. cap. 28........ 12(1, C. S. U. C. cap. 86........ «.,.... 122 *' G. S. U. 0. <Htp. 88........ .».,M...^. 128 Statute of Limitations, plea of 84 Suryeyors may be employed by oommiBeionen. ......... 108 ■■■'■'■ '■'^•" '■'■'' ■■■•■-■-/ ■■■' Taxes, si^e of lands for, by sheriff, ban dow«r ......... 46 jTenant in common, widow of, entitled to dower.,^ ...... 28 mustnotify his landlord, of Jienrioe ......... ..... 97 by curtesy, in dower or for life, how 8»ti«fled, if estate sold under Partition Act..,.. 122 Tender, and refusal to accept form of pl^ of «i 80 Terre tenant, occupant not being...... ...... ......... ...... 07 Tout^pmps prist, form of plea....... 76 form of replication ...... .......,.».». 76 admits right of damages from com*;. I mencement of suit *i..i.78 Iransitory seisin, effect of. ...,,.«.Ti.., 28 Treason, bar of dower ....« ...,„..u,......., 6, 48 form of plea ...^..^ ;..«.......... ...,..,., 86 woman convicted pfj loses her.dower 49 but if pardonpd, regains her right ...<... ... ... 49 Trial, proceedings at, if tenant has not been persoA- sUji^ served ;. „.., .,., ^ A 2 ,..••■".■" '41 44 41 44 41 41 V # / . ■r^-7' Y = '9-V ,X ■ '.■■■■'./;■- ^.;''^ •■.■ .^- ...• .■:■-■-'■• ■.-:...-.. •u,, .X: ■■ ■ .'y. ■' ■ ' ■.: •:■ . "-■ - ■ „ »: • ■• .;:'l,. xtiU /*' tKti%x. - :■■. • " \ .f ■ ■ . . . ' . W . '..■'■;'' - _ - . ' . <- Vlratti' no dower ofift. ..*...„ ,!,.„,„. ,^ „.. 88 ■ •" V. ■■ XTpp** Canada Law Journal, eitnotfifom ............... 112 > Um» no dower oftft ......,,.» ....,j 88 '■:■'■:. \y -.:■'■-- ■■ • ■' ■ /■.• .?:.-■'' ' ; / Vaeant poieeeslon. ............. ...,.,. .,...^^^,^. , 99 Tendor, compellable tn equity to ni*%ei p&tement in •';--v^.:.- purohaee monej if wife will noiVir doirer. 49 -yryT—r ,Tecne in dower :i^,«iil>;^ 98 ^ 'WMte, to open a mine , 84 \Widow of alien entitled to domett •— 4 ^ if. electing to Uke an annaitj entitled to priority 87' **, entitled to dower in Crown lands........... 88 •7 •leoting to teke what is derised in lien of dower 46 V** entitled to duwer in certain oases 101 •* has her election if hunband exchanges landsr... 84 Will, elTect of devise in Ilea of dower .....i.....^ ........ 88 Writ of assignment, form of. ... ...... ... * 92 M of assignment granted upon jadgment 106 " of assignment may be granted where the party acquiesces 105 *• of dower i«nrf« m'Ai/ Aaie^ 64 \ '-^^ 1*' ■t "^Sj^f^^y^t^'-Tr U' TABLE OF CASES CITED. ■'.■%-■ .. ' ■">■ ' ■ 'A.'.- . ' ' , : : .... Aoey T. SimiMon ......,;.....•.... 88 Anderson y. Marriott... ...........* , . > «..•.« it9 Attorney General t. Rowe . . , .,...,.. .11 Bdn T. Jl^ason ............IS Bamfordy. Bsmford. 66 Barrow y. Wadkin .,...........*..... 61 Bending y. Bending 86 . Benson y. Bellasis , .........,,,, 60 Hshoprfok y. Pearce 1A Blandy y. Widniore 80 Blower y. Morritt ....... .. . .... ..... ., .... ..... . . 88 Breakenridge y. King 88 Brooky^Brook 18 Borridga y. Bradyll 88 -; ; a ' ■...•'■ -. ' Oatherwood y. Caalon 19 Oompton y. Bearcroft ..*....,.. tS Comellis y. Gorsellia 61 ft Count De Wall's case. .^ 4 Craig y. Templeton . . . . ..... ^^t S Cumming V. Alguire . . . ... ....IW. .......... .A.. . 28 Dacky. Cnrrie .....i..... ........... 46 .Dayenport y. Bayenport . . .^.. . .... ....... . . . . . ... 4 Dayila y. Dayila . . . ;. . . . .^ , . . , . .... ............... 60 Dayis y. McNab . .......... ............;... .... ... . 69 Daytonv.An^o...,. .......... ..'..»....... ...... 64 ' *■ - ' ■ K ' - ■ ■ ■ ■ * •■ , - ■ ■ - ■ . ■ ""■ ',.■- ■ ■ - • • ;* ■' ( ',* \ji)^ " h \i^' '■/•f' m si' W • ,•...»,; OAiia oiTiiy. I • Dlwrnr. S«TilIe ....^... ,,,,.. ,,., ,,,., m Doe Breakey V. Breftkej. ,,, ;,, 10 i ** H«g«muui ▼. Strong .. 4'. ..« S| •• MAodontld T. aeveUnd ,,,.......".. » .'* 4 *• NoUt. Nirtt ,., ^.. .!.... ..i.M ** Rlchardaon T. Dickson ...... , ...!.*!.'l!.* 4 " Wheeler y. McWlUlama ............*..*...' 17 *^ T. Fleming * [[',[,[[ w " T.Nepefo ai ^ Dann V. Snowden ........,,,^ .... ai S Dyke y. Rendftll . . . , ..,..., 60 ^Smpeyy.Lofei «« Bywui y. Morgan ......... ....,.■,,,, ^^^^^^^^^^ ^ 1^ Steiiton y. Liyinmtone . . . . . . 10 J1.IKB«>11 T. M.I0IU, ..,.„„.„. to / • o. ■ . Cbrwttd y. Tuck 20 '«it- Oeorge y. Thonuu «« CKboony. Gibson 86 Gonmi y. Parrott ........... ^l[[][[[[',[][',['',',]\ 4I goodin«x y. Goodmaa .„...> l^ BwntY. Grout Weatem BaUwi^y CJa , ;^..... ...... .._^ii MT,iaB...i...... ^...: ^..^........'W nusT. Hate . ' • ^^ •«»« T. uMw , , ^^ ta P«ri«>.Westonnan...... ._.................... 28 r T.Morden...^...^..,_.....^ .».......% _ V.Hams.. ^...................^.....71/ ^ ^ V. Strattoii ..^„. ►-..... .........^i,.^:,« IUskdly.Froser„......,...^,^.^.^.„..^.__„..^^^ H-wkahwr TiHodgina. ...... .,,....,,,.., ,,,. .^^ ,... gi rd sir.sflc' 'i t&Mthy. Dendy ,..'. t|' fletberlngton v. OrahMn ^ t Hltchia* V. UUohiiw .., 10 Hoby V. Hoby r».i 9S Hodglnfl ▼. lloNcU It Hopewell v. De IHnna ...81 Howard v. Wilson , 47 Humphries v. Bamett ..i.... •• ^TLderton r. Ilderton I to Johnston et lut. v. MoOill t8 Jones y. Jones ....,..,...., .." w Eemaghan v. McNally 4t Kerr y. Leishman , . , J# EJendrbw y. Shewan ............,,,,>,,....... 48i 4' I' liantoor y. Teesdale'. . , ., ...i 18 liawson y. Montgomery. . .'. ..... ........ ..... .*. . . ^ Leach y. Shaw j Leader y. Barry ., ', 18 Lockman y. Nesse . . . .., ^ , , „ , gg t Mettey.Metta. 18 Mimdrery. Hawldns 28 MnndyT. Mnndy ..................; ^ ,:-4% McDonaldy. Mxslntoeh 46 HoOilly. Sqoire ................,......*.!!! 48 McLellanetoz. Y.JIf^gfttt ........................ 4M ■»»j^ t^ '$- • n " » ■ ■ ■ ■ •'•■ '- '-V: - ^' 1 "! . '- '\f '. • ,■..: ■ , ■..,,. '■■':•. • '<•■ ■ • ■ , " ■ ''■J'.Ts-** ""'h " . • ■ 1 . , ■•_, ... *^ "' r : -■"■■_}■■' , • _ ■ . ■ . h" * ■■" '/'^ ,.. .■ . ,. '.■'»■'••. " , " • •' HMhT.!»r«rton ....*..;.,..:;>. '^ ...t WoUui r. Cherry , *" !J " T.Reld , i.*, ^. *^*.\\V .*!!.'.*.'.' J» ''' Korton r. Smilh «.*.«!!!.*.*!*! H .0. : 0'fl«» r. Caieynt ,»..,...;.. sS P. ^ • • l*hipp« V. Moore .....'.....*■. ] i^ Pickering T. Stamford " *87 p|tt.T.Meyer........ ....::::;:;:::;;: 25 QiMn ▼. McKibbln ^. « » ^. ^^ ." ' — -Ot. T. l^HBOr. ^ p.;\ .,,,., " T. Foeter .......jifci >v4«^giilft T. Roblin .....».".. !.T. .!...!.! * M n^'^*'* •''''i'iilii'iiiiimr . f>,iT^BIi|li« la R«di|t|^^.:, .:..,, ..*!*"!'; » ■■' -^^^tiSH^S ^&^* '*'-'***** U-. ■ '^v * ~^^'*'*'^ U "'" *.Y.Inhabitant«ofNorfiiWealdBa86ett. ........... «. ^ *»"'«'• •••••i ..84 Ritson ▼. Stordv. . - " -, »iA/rujr 01 Roach ▼. Oarvan . , ■ *« '■'''' Bobinet.v. Lewis ........ -« „,, r».. .50 Eobinaon y. Bland .. . ' ^1. JKOM Tt Binunerinian ^ ■■■ -a^^ • *; K 4 IP' m -'-'-- ' ---^. -■■ ■! ..y^ ; -' 1^ .> f ' "f OAfM OITID. aiiK . : ■ ft. ■ ' - ■ '•*!.. ' VAM BfkiiUiT. Sp«ncer ,,> ••,.. 7ft ,♦• T.8iDlth ;........ ..41 BnKyd ▼. Sneyd ^... »',.., ...W Bopwith V. Maugh«n. 17 Bpyer r. Hyatt 46 Btaflbrd T. Tniemaa #...i..... 71 Bt«hbmidtT. lett ,,.V ...v,.„ 87 Btoner T. Walton ,.."....*.. 14 _^;_Btoughton r. Leigh ; . . , , ^^^4^^^^^, » . « » 14 8tr«et V. t>olfleii . . ,% 4t " ▼. Rowe ....v.. ............'.,.. .<,,»..,..,.. 69 SotUefT. l^org«7 ■ . ' -T, '■ ■ ■•■•-■^ Taylor T. Lioley ^ S9 Thynn v. Thynn ...'..•;..i., ......... 44 Thorn y. Rolf ..<g|,. .^... .,....,... .^ 80> Thomhill V. Jonei ,, 4f * Ttumpaon T. Walla ...,.»..,,., 40 TlndaU, Inre ft Tomllnaon y. Hill ..i,. ».♦..,,,,,... ..,.,.,.; , 49 Towley y. Smith .♦.. ^^^ *►«'...,.;.;...,>,, » ^, , . „ ; 44 VannoraiMi f. 6ettipr4 r. ..... ;. . . ;..... ..^. ;... .1 . ^0 W. ■ • , ■'.«.. -I Walkmry. Powers ......*..M.i»..v,, j,.';,,.>,;l,,,« 44 , y.* Boolton ....**..«, r; « f* • t ... . ^ . • . i «V. i . . 40^'^ — ^ . Wdtony. Hall....;., ..........:... ,60 Watson y.Watron .,..;.. 69 " ▼King ."...♦isp:*..***., 41 Warbuttony. Wwbutton...... u Wetherelly. WethereU 6i Whitey. Laing ,v.., 4 Williams y. Rider. . .V. .v. . . ...... . . . . ; ^ . .; 44 ^ ^ Wilsony. Wilson r-... ....... ^ Woodward v. Dowm 61 . ' 'it/ , ■» y ^ h rf - 1' 'f _ lUEATISE ON THE UW OF DOWEft; STATUTISS. FORMS, PLSADINGS, Aa. ^ II OHAIVTEB I. ■■>*'r DOl Dos in the Boman law Iras the portion given witli tlie woman at tbe time of her^marriage. This in £n§^nd was <»Ued mariU^ium. Amoag tiie Anglo- Saxons the dower ooiisisted of goodsi and there were no footsteps of dower in Unds nntiK the Konoiii, oonqnelt (a) TheTtenant in dower was so mnoh fiii^nred, thai the inaxim was **Favorabilin m U^c 9Unt,ma,fi9cm, doi, Udmioi^' (h) # Bower by the oommon law is defined to\ be an estate for life to whieb the wife is entitled, mta the decease of her hnsband, in the third part of the Iknds and tenements of whioh her hnsband was^sef either in deed or in law, at any time during tiie coTertare, to hare anci to hold to her in sereralty metes imdtbonndi^ for the term of her life, whethe she has had issne ^j her hnsband or not, and provided <•) 2 Black. Ceil. 129. {^)|Beading OB^IJiM, 87f ^. ..vs. i Bl;ParkonI>oifr,2. .{% ■{■-; X "■ S '* -"r. V . ', ;t :-i 7 * '' # «• I ^^^r'-'Vtf ' ■ir*' ^1 tilWlE. iV! '^' ' the be past the age of nine jmn at the timt of her hnsband'a death, (a) A widow moreover ib entitled to reside io her Jatt hiibaad't manrfoii Ibr forty daja after lilt death. Thii ia called quarantiH$. It la proTided bj Magna Gharta, " Vidua tnantat in capUali meuua^ mar{H «««, per quadroffinta diet, infra quoe, amgneiur e% dot tua" (6), and be sastained with yiotuala there. (Jenk. cent. 7, ca. 16; Park on Dower, p. 260, note a.) If ejected daring her qaarintine, the widow might have her writ de guarentind habenda (Gilb. Dow. 872; Fiti. N. B. 161) ; bnt if she marries '^within the forty daja she loaea her qoarantioe. (Co. lit. 84 b. 82 bi) It has been made a qnestloii whether a woman staying in her husband's house daring her qaaiantine may defend the posseiiioft thereof with fbrse. (Dy. 161, a.) i > > ^.f By the statate of Merton, 20 Hen. in., itWii ordained that persons oonyioted of defbraing Iridows of their dower should pay in damages the ralae of Uie dower from the death of the hnsband up to the time of giving judgment for recovery tfaeraof. (c) This was the origin of damages in dower, now limited however to six years by our statute. (0. S. U.O^ sh. Dower was intended for the sustenance, of ths widow and the nurture and edooation of the children^ {o) tdi eh. 5, a. 36, tit Power; Piti. N.B. 8M, L, (b) Wbodeson, vol. 2, p. 28; Beeves' BniiiahXaw. voL 1, p. 242; Bao. Abr. tit. DoWer, p. 122.^-*^^ ■'"* (e) Beeves, vol 1, p. 261. ; - • '^ o ■^i ■bI Ii ptfittoiiiil to ibt aebts of Uia Imilwaa, erra ^^^^ i^ owing to the Orown. (a)" Tliera wovQ orisindly ire Idodf of dower, tUu, / rer by oomtnon law, dower bj the eaetom, dower r/^ o9<tiffii mxMmf dower «« aMewtw patrU, tnd pt^ dower cb in I^AiitftMi^. (6) In Caotda there ie bat one Wnd, tip,, dower by eommon lew. There exift here no tnoh onetoms eg borongh fiogUah, or gaYelhind; and dower ad o^ium w:kna and wj oiMiWH pmtru were abolbhed by eUtote (4 WiM. IV, eh. 1, a. 15 ; 0. S* U. 0. oh. 84, B. 8). Dower 4$ lapluit beak, whioh aroae oat «f the feadal tenareq, expired natarally igioe ego. (o) Widowe alio (by Tirtao of 4 WiU. IV, oh. 1, ae. ^ ^ X3, 14, 15; 0. a U. 0. oh. 84, w. 1, 2) ai« entitled W dower oat of eqaiUble eetatee ((Q, and where the hoflband had a right of entiy j but in aaoh oaae the dower wnat be aaed for within the period daring which aaoh right of entry might be enibroed. There are three reqaiaitea to oonaammate the right to dower, vis., marriage, aeiain, and death of the haaband. (e) The differenoea between thia eetate and tenancy by the oarteay are, firatly, that in onrteay ^ t)Mre moat be iaaae bom alive and daring the life- time of tho mot her (/) ; aeqondly, in dower the _ {«) Co. on Idt 81 «; I Bopor on Hub. and Wifo, 411| WiUiMnaonBeal?ropony^4thod.l80;Wta;N.B.ia6,a '. ^/(*) lata. 51. (e) Woodoion'a Lawa of Bngknd, vol. 2, p. 2$. Al«9,8 0fmat.01i7. B.494. | V — ^ («) CV>. onldt 31 a; Kenfa Com. vol. 4» pi H; (/) Co. on lit 29 8|, Biaaett on Batataa for LUb. 4(K. vi / ■X: 1% t%t i ■¥^' sif' "jiff. mtin may be either in deed m iit kir; thirdly^ dower ie an MUte for life in the ibird pert of the hnabend'e eetote, vhfliwi onrteM it «f the whole eitateofthewife. |^ . , J- If the hosbend be an alien the Wlib ihall not W endowed, waa the law of BngUnd when Lord Ooke wrote, and ia M HUI («) ; bnt in Canada, the itatnte 12 Vie. dh. 197, s. 12, enaeta that " Kveiy alien ■liiU hare the same capaoitj t^ take, hold, po«eM, enjoy, olaim, reooTer> oonvey, ^eyiae,^ impart, tiaps- mit real eatate in all parte of this pn>?inoe, aa natural bom naturalised anbjeota of her Majeety, in the •Moe parte thereof respeotiTely," and therefore the widow of an alien may be endowed in Canada (h) ; more eapedally aa by the aame sUtnte it ia enaetedi- that any woman married to a nataral bom Britiah •abject, or perion natnraliied, Bhall be deemed to be herself naturalised and haye all the rights and priyi- legesof a nataral bora British sabjeot, (c) The alien, howeyer, to entitle his widow to dower, mnsl haye possessed real esUte on or after the twenty-third day of Noyember, 1849a In New York, whUe th# iV? HM^ (a) Go. on lit. 81 «. In Bag land, a female aUen booomM natoralisea upon marriace to a nataral bom or natnraUMd Joman has died Wore the MMdng of the aet (Oonat De Wa^I'i oase, 12 Jurist, 146; SMoorp.C. 216.) kor to drt M Mte***?"*** ^^ *°******* *"* ^^^"' ^^'^ ^^ * ^•«*- m Dapmport t. Davenport, 7 IT.C. C.P. 401 ; Dtf JKek. eOjSi\l?!^^Mr^* 2>o« Macdonaidi.OkvSmd, («) IFJMto y. JWv. 2 U. 0. C. P. 186. . ■ ' '^"t?"' ■ ?«*p^?^^ gF^y^'fF^, , I Down. genenl mis ii admitted tbat the ftlien widow eren ofj^|Ji • nataral bora eitisen i« not entitled to dower, jet vnder the itetnte of 1802, the widowf of aliene enti- tled by kw to hold lenl eetatei nre held to h% dowable. (•) If the hmbftod be attainted of treaaon, the wife ahall not be endowed. (6) A diforoe eauMd eontanffuiniiaiiif affinitatit aui JrtgidUatii which diaaolTes the vinculum matrimonii and makei the marriage Toid ab tnthb, ban the wifti of dower (e) ; bnt if the diToroe be not a vinculo matrimonii it will not bar the dower (d), and ther»- Ibre a diToroe for adultery, whioh is only a diToroe o mtntd €t thoro ialno bar. (e) Bnt by the statute Weat 2, oh. 84, if awife ebmmita adnHeiy and^ slopes she forfeits her dower, unless the husband is ; willingly reconciled to her and permits her to cohabit ^with him again, which, as Ooke says, is oompr»* bended shortly in two hexameters. " Sponte Tlmiii miillMr Ibgieni et adaltera flMta, Dote iii& oareat, nisi sponsl iponte retrMtlk." (/) The wife of an owner of lands in fee, out of whioh she is dowable forfeits her right to dower by adnl- teiy, elopement, and ^remaining in a state of adulteiy, (m) auOifT. Fargtff, ICowen, 89; 8 lb. 718. •. o, j N.Y. . BeriMd Stat toL i. 740, s. 2 ; Kent's Com. toI. 4, p. 86. (6) Co. on Lit. Zia\ Stat of Weet 2, e. 84 ; Reeres' Bagliah Law, toL 4, p. 477 ; Bao. Abr. tit Dower. (e) Co. on Lit 88 a ; Cmiae'e Digest 1, p. 166. . (d) Benington's oaee, Hob. 181. ^ Co. on Lit 82 a. (/) Go. en Lit 82 A. ^ere is no Court in U. C. baring power to ffaat a dlTornrof either kind. », •it J ■^. .#> :m. 4^,"' 'V. ■ .\ :.':■ ^ ^*>»<>a*rw<Hioiliiti«mtefc«fcwbwid,tfi«gkioftU offBoc^ Wng |li# id«ltef7 («) J »>•» • wife .bwidonad l>J h«r hMbMia, tod who fiibMqiMaify wm ^liltT o£ >4ul»tiy, AeW not bMwd ftom donw. (*) ;. ,,, L.(riJrSi!r![^' fr*** • ^■t *•«• *"; Woodtwn'i (») (7r«AMi « M. V, 4^, a U.O. G.P. iia :^ 'li < v , 1 J . ' .-T ^t1 ij^^^^,k^0i^^iJf5ij^:.-,. ':fS^ '.'i^r, ;/ :/ I CHAPTER II. ^"^'[.[.Zl '''-'■ MABRIAOB^ . [''■"'' „ MarrUge moit he between peraoof oapable of ooo- tfMiiog together and dalj toIemDiseJ, tod )Fel • nMurrifege quoad dower wQl be Talid, aUhoogb oon- trubied before tbe parties have arrived at the age of /Aonaenti and although the husband diea without having arrived at that age. (a) ** Therefore if the irife be past the age of nine yean at the time of the death of her husband, she shall bcf endowed, of what fge soever her husband be, albeit he were but four years old;" and further, says Lord Coke, « albeit cofuentui non concubiitu facit mairtmoniiftn, and that a woman cannot consent before twelve, nor t man before fourteen, yet this inchoate and imperfect marriage (from the which either of tbe parties at tho age of consent may disagree), after the death of the husband, shall give dower to the wife, and therefore it is accounted in law legittmwn matrimonium quoad dotem." (b) Theuuettled state of this country prior to tlic year 1792, the difficulties encountered in travelliug, the spfTseness of the population, and the almost total absence of ministen of any denomination, caused great difficulties and obstacles to parties desirous of **(«) Park on Doww, 17, ' " ' (A) Oo. oa Litt. 88 a; Bissett on Kstatas br Xift, <9;° Parl^oi Dower, IQ. s V 7 <:m ^•' ■» •i-i ••I ■■X ■ ' Mwn. 25* Wag tegiHj QDfied. Manj mirriagw wen loleiii. niied bj oommftnding ofBoen, magii tratM, iiargeoofy ^., whioh in law w«re iljegal and iiiTalid. A great maDj marriagea were foleiDDtiad u ab<yf«; tad inaimaoh aa grare difBonliiea were likelj to triae iubaeqQentlj with regard to property and oitU righto, the Legialatnre, in 1798, paiMd a atatnto legalising all raoh marriagea, and deohtfing them lo be good and Talid in kw, to all intenta and pnrpoaea ^ Bj the atatate 88 Geo. HI. ehap. 6, paaaed 0th Jnlj, 1798, it waa recited that, « Whereat mtay marriages have been contracted in thia proTinoe at ft time when it waa impoaeible to obserre the Ibrmt ' fcy^iW for the aolemnliatlon thereof, by 7 . r m»Om thitt there waa no Proteatant parMii or mi^ Itter, duly ordained, redding in anj part of the Mid proTinoe, nor any consecrated Protestant ohnroh or ohapel within the same ; and whereas the ptrtieg having contracted snoh marriages, and their issiMk may therefore be subjected to various disabilities | in order to quiet the minds of snch persons, and to provide for the future solemnisation of marriagt within this province, B« it, dc, That the marriage •nd marriages of all persons, not being under any Muonioal disqualification to contract matrimony, thai htve been publicly contracted befinre any magistrat* or commanding officer of t post, or acQuttnt or sur. g«on of a regiment, acting as chapkiq, or atiy other person in any public office or employment, befom the ptssing of this act, shall be confirmed tad ooa- tidered to all intents and purposes as good tnd ftlid Ift ji wj and that th e ptrtJes who have ooQtiaeted ,i»V.{i ak^i^iuff, j,l tufcift'^^. * t ^HC^w*^^ '^ ^ ^' . %» * ■ -l . T#-V* • i ttrermlly entiUed to tW U»6 figkti aod b«n«fit«, and ■obJMt to all the obllgaOoha artoio^ from marmga and oowanguinity, in aa ftiU and ampU a manner aa If tke Mid marriagai bad wep^tifely baen aoUm- niaad aooofding to law.'^iK - • v ^ Tbia marriage migbt be certified by any magbtnto of the diatrloi, and recorded in the office of the Clerk of the Peace, in a regiftor ; and ao atteeted copy 0f mob legiitor waa ■offlcient cTidenoe of rocb mar- Joidoee of the Peace were tho aniliorJieft to marry pebple under tbia aql; but •• lOon ai thert ^rere fife ParaoM doing duty in any one diatrict, then the authority of the Jnaticea ceaaed j a penalty wai imposed for performing the ceremony, and the mar riage declared void. • , ,v • The iUtuto 88 Geo. III. eh. 4, autbotlied mliiliN ten of the Church of Scotland, or Lntherana, of OalTiniiti, to celebrate matrimony between any two perw)ni, not legally diAjualified to contract marriage, nnd one of whom aball ha?«. been a member of hii •ongregation for aix months previoualy. Tbia ad was paaaed in 1798. A certifioato aa aboTC might be filed with the Clerk of the Peace, and would be gofficient eyidenoe. y( The itatuto 69 Geo/ nPok 16, extended iho pioriafong of the 88 Geo. lit, and directed how parties might preserve tke evidence of their mtrriage and birth of their children. This act passed in 1818. , The stetnte 11 Geo. IV. oh. 86, assented to 2nd MMob, 1881, deojMed, "That the mamage wb^bm^ .** ' / ■.4- ■f" lA'. :>? '■i*' *•«*•■ Wn^ ,«i ^ -• or lfc« |MM«, «MHf5igti»|#, «ff •©•maadiof^ ; •#• po^ or b«foff« toy aiaiaiir wr oUrgjoiM, " ^fcw th« pMlag of Ihia aol, thdl b« mod sw b«r«bj MiifOMd, aad thall b« ooaMd«r«d good aa^ ndid ia kw; and tb« ptrtiw lo mioh iiMflTtac«« ••d Iki imM tboreof, thall b« eolitlod to aU tht f»%L» Md ^•oi lo dl Iho obligatioQs rMolUng from baiHago •Bd ooBMogoioilj/' aoj Uw to the oootnry notwilk. llMdiBf ; Md Motion two pointa oat iho mothod of fmmrwing tho •▼ideaoe of rath marniMiL ^ ~ Bsoteoa 8 aathoriiod Mlaialoia of IhmiOAuikii fi«olk&d, LatliMaaa, Pr«bjtonau, OoS^^i^ •Hiit, Bapiiita, ladapaDdants, Madiodiali, Ifaa^ Dttts, Tonkan or MorafUna, to oalabrata marria^ baiwaea 4^ tw^paraoai, not lagallj diaqoalillad to •onHaat nutriaiooj; and aaoUon 6 pointe oal Iba •oda of pi4ar?iDg tha •wid^omjfij^h mtniMmM OioClwiofikaPaaca'aoffia* X^ ^^ fertgoipg, it wiU appiMT ifcil afldeii^ bf MRiag^ in iha ahapa of oartifiaatea waa alwaji mL^ *»'^ *>' i* *h« offioo of the Clark of iIm fiAi; bat hj ika 20 Vio. ohap. 66, pa«ad 10(| Juna, 18ft7[ it waa eaaeted ^t, aOar lal Jmmru 1868, raio^ <tf miUi^ ara to ba mada to iha Bagialnr qftha qoonty in which aooh marriage ihall ka?^ iak^ fha^y aad tharafora, aiaaa thai dat4^ ^danoiir of HMi'agai moat be aooghl ibr in lh« Bagialriir'a offioa, «nd hia oarlifioAa ia jaiBaknft M- ■';■ -%.%: .. i^rr^e^^;, .4^ Um ftboT* Bi«ptiMW Mil, tU pkriMI <'ttnoa< MMb P«fMi|t «< moeMly <li«riMUM" iM, it li •rpr«h««4mi, 'MigtOly diii|tuaii«l ;" bm p«itoM ■My bft " 1«K»U7" »n4 7«* no* << oMOoiodlj" ^Mq^- lUUd. A maoDtoal dkquUflfltlion nt&n to m&t ikgw bt4wM& pftftiis of Um Idodrad or tlliiity M»i4d«B by fth« oaooM of ibo obarok. A legml 4i»- <|iuaiiaMioii Mfon to bigMij, iafilAoy, forao, fnmdf idiooy, Ae. Thoit ha* noTtr boon, it ii b«lMTo4» mj doditoii ott IbflM points in Ctamd^ thoagh doubtti tb«7 will tono dsj ftnm tbo MbJMl of logd dia^iunoB, Mid m%j vrm uim io m mIioa «f It 1m pwi wii d At fa^woM brlnM te W^(r iMM ben m ia Bogland, and tbonfora ibat mMrrfai^ with a diOOOMd wifi's liBtor would bo bold ioTalid. Tbo iltlatii of Hob. YIII. and tbo Morriago Aol (26 Goo. n.) (6), dookring oiiob mornogo invalid U Bagbod, woro mado tbo law of Uppor Ckaaday •long with all othor lawa rognlatiog proporty and d^il rights, OB 16tb CMobti^ i»% ftni «% lA it •Bbmittod, still ia fbreo. ^ ^V Sinoo writing tbo abofo, omrions ooongb, a dooi- ibtt in B dowor salt bas boon gifoa bj Vioo Gbao^ oollor fiiton, in tbo oaso of Hodgim t. McNeil H oi. Tbo offoot of tbo Jadgmont is tbat a BMrriage with a wifSs's sister it nalawfal and Toidi asd may (•) OrmU ▼. O. W. S. Co., 7 XJ.C. 0. P. 48a As to tbo •ppliooMHty of tbo biw of ■■gfaod to tMt oMolnr toaoMag ■MnlHO, vido Qimm v. MMim, 21 VC. Q B.R. 862. (*) Mm* ▼. CkUmick, 11 Q.B. 288; 28 Uon. VUI. o. 1«| * mTOL 0. 88 ; at Ooo. U. o. 88. . -x .1 yK' *^ #.-■■■«.. * » ^^^f^^fis / 'Mr 'A. U AnnQlM %l utf-etnm hf wmUm^ df in moMm. (imi ooart, doring lb« UfMn« ofHi* |Mrti«. Bol Um dMOi of «i||M> of the (wniM iD*k« tb« marriiig* mlUI, ih^%'mUm lUl UwM whiok «M b«for« ^kwfbl, ind l«gitiiniiM iIm oApriagf. <^iMiir«, «imia a maa marriad to hia daoaaaad #U^f akiar ba •osfialad of biganj if, iiviiif; tha aialar, ha marriad ipll| and fappoaiog tha huabaad daad, litiaff iba two wiT«^ whUk U thm vwOdl U «pliiM to dowwf »< Tbo oaaa of Brook r. Brook (a) daoidad, on appaal to Iba Honaa of Lorda, thai marriaga with a daoaaiod ^UWa tkl^, aTan tbongh oalabraUd in a foroign •0«niti7 wbara auoh inarriagaa ara bald lo ba kmL «• iliagd te Kiigb»4, 4nd aooiaqnanUy it k p^ anmad tbaj ara illagal bara. Tbia oaaa oontaina a fliy laamad azpqaition of tba law on tbia point, ami of ib^ mlM wbioh govam tba law of narrjaga ; and • dnoa wa Ufa ao naar to a foreign ooantiy, it nwj not bn ont of tba waj to gira ona of tba mloa datorminad '■ tbarain rdatiog to marriagaa in foraign oonntriaa. • f^Altbongb tba Ut loci coniraduM q%toad ^^oUfmm- iattt datanninaa tba Taliditj of tba oontraot of laaiw ^ riaga, tba qnaation wbatbar tba partiaa may antar into anob oontraot moat dapond npon tbo Uao dinni ^^eUii," f .y>r\... M-^ :■■ to' : '->* ■'l.H' *- ;.t^ ^.^. ^.^f^/ ^ Tbo mla ^i a marriaga wbiob ia good ia tiM ooQotiy whara it ia oolobratod ia good OTaijwbw*, k rabjaet to tba qoalifioaaon tbat the marriaga moat not ba ona prohibitad bj tba oountix to wbioh tha (a) 7' Jor. N. 0. 42Si alia IM nmtcm r rhiumum « Jwr/SA list. #*•««• T. Lm^nm^ « ;■■■ « '■ . ■ ''^ JP*!. %■;,■ I' f- United HUlM ImIwmii partiM dumiotl«d in Omindn^ ; Wbo «non«l ooomol mairiagv hf, wooW U li«U ▼oid and illegal by <mr Ooorti. Tli« prtramplioa of law ia againal tka intantioo |o abafidoa iba doBit«Ua of origin. Bvary man'a domioila of origin iniial bt pfaanmad to oonlinoa nnlil ba baa aoqolr^d ano«bit aola domioila bj aotoal raaidaaoa, with iba intontloa of abandoning bia domioila of origin. Tbia obanga MWl ba oMimo #1 /aeto. {AtL Otn. ?• Momp 81 JLav J.|U. «i4i a L.T. N.8. 488.) ' f^f il)i daoida^ tKat Britiah anbjaeta, r«ddaol'#^ p^t to flttrtdgt by «^ Wif mlUk MbM teif Wbr« iba Marriaga Aot (A. D. 1758), f li., tba oanon* law. Tbaraforo, wbara two BriUab rabjootii baing FrotaaUnta, ware marriad at Hadraa by m Portagnaaa Roman Oatbolio priaat, aooordiog to tb« Oatbolio form, In tbe Portagnaaa Iftngoaga, in m privata room, and tba oaramony waa followed by oobabitation, Htld tbat tbia waa a Ttlid marriagti tboQgb withoat a lioanaa from tba GoTamor, wbioh it ia tba autom at Madrat to obtain. {La%Umt T. TmdaU^ 2 Manb. 248; s. o. 8 Taunt. 880.) Eyidanoa that Brituh aabjaota in a foreign ooantry, being daairona of intermarrying, went to a obapel for tbat pnrpoae, wbere a aerriee in tbe language of tbe wmatiy ww xmA by » peraon habited U|e a pneat, (a) Allry on the Coafliot of Lawa, 84 ; Hnberao da eon- •lata lagna^ lib. ik. tit. 8, ■. 8 : Compton t. B^arwro/tt BoU* _». P. 114; a Kiot'a Com. 92; lUtU r. MUU, » IiiJ. t frob. 117 1 Jraa* f. Mnnth^ 7 Jar. N.S. 4gl!L %^- 'hf . r _ ^ ^ . 1 -.'•. »• f^ >%' ' ' \ • % L .' • ^ <o » /I p ft!. / i ^ asa ktimpinm Into IngUfli by the ofBeiaiiog einkf vIlBk ifnriot iha pAities nndentood to be the nuib l||i» iMMof the Ohnreh of JSnglaBd, and they "mmni k eertiioate of the manriage, which vaa t^mhmdM lof^ ii miffieieal wheMon to fomd a fMimpOon (notiiittg appeanag to the eoatmiy) ^t the iMiRiiige was dalj oelebiated aoooidiag to thft law of that eoaa^, partioalaffly ^fUr eiefa« jfaam* eoSabitaiJoa ae man and wife, f^l tka p«iio4 aHhtha^havd'adaaOi; and aiieh Mr^^9k fobjailf beiag attached at the time ta <lie Bn^ anay oi aerfioa i» auch foieiga ooaatiy, and ha^^ag la^lilarf po ai a p aluu af the place, it ieena that a^ mp#ga aitoilMl hj a piieHia holy ordeii («f whioh thia wonld he zaa^oaabla eyidenoe) woia4 h«ra|podmar- lilge hy the law of J&tgjM^ aa a aaaftiaga oooAiaai per veifb0 4l|»rjatettf»'l»«j^^ llainagaAet; naiw llag^a heyaod the sea beiog asoap^ oat of that a#} and it would oiake no diffBjipenee if sQlemnised by a Boman Catholic priest (JUae t. 3f e%p<<w. 10 JBsst^ m) . . . ,^ "'>• '. .' By the Oon. Stat F»il. ch. 73 (20 Via oh. 66), paaild 10th Jaae, 1867^<£1^ ninistaia and deigy. nan of oTarf chiuroh and laligioas denomiiiatioa in Vnm Canada, daly orduaad o» appointed aad«4» Ing to ihe rif^ti and eevemoniai of the ehaKvhai «r daagniaationa ta which they laspasliT^y belong^ and laodent ia Vj^ Canada, a^y liy yiitae of anoh Ofdinatum or appointment, and aceoiding ta the rites and naigeaof siish chuohesordenominati^aa rappeo- ti?^, solenuiiie the oeievony of nnirivge batwaen ^. 1 ■ r H eootnet Aioli Duurrligcii" - Xi'-.-i^X'^'-'^'^r'- ["^-/[^ r UiB hete to be nol«a, lilitt li^iUii^p^^ Iklergymftii or mibitter of any denomination may ^ '' •olemni^ tlie marriage ceremony betiTeen any two . I^none not liieing legally diaqnaEfied, Ndw wbeiher tiiU wonld be oonstmed to mean between any two 'lemons of the eame denomination as the olergyman, ^ ^. whether the marriage of two 'memblBn of the Mik of Bome by a Tanker minister Would W ' ' yalldi may be a qnesdoii, bat it lookfTeiylike it; By s<^. Z, " Every each minister most have a fieense - iinder the hand and seal of the Oovemor, or else banns mast be ^troclMmed pnblioly three^ times in sc^me ohnroh or ohapel. By see. 8, marriage maiybe " iniaed any where and at any time. By see. 9, minlslier b^A Wp a'record of marriages> and ^-^ a year^ retom thereof to the Begi^tnur (See. |b. wim s^l file and record the same ^ aid in the absenoa or death of the witnesses to a inanriage, the Mgister; or a oertifie^ eopy of it, shall be soffieient •videhpe Qjf amarrmg^. (a) Bee. 11 retidets >afid '' eyeiy ]|iuiiage^^ between members iof the i^digidas so<^ety of fHends, eommdnly called Qai)cers (l>), i^d the ^deirllC 9r secretary mast make ine retttm.' ;\rfi\ -'^ r:,- ....:■ :^>- ..".:;■', r In upper Ganada^onibe plea of weimjiiiet ac0oii|^^ efidenee of eohabitatton and repatation of marrbge wiU be ai^eient In dower. It is not nepessaty to («) -B«6i ¥. JfiMCfi, 1 C. JtP. 201 H) iUtoflotartiacMof <touikeraiaL.04tide^?li.9.1l^ «. * ■^■, «B r ■*■< ph»?t th* mtfiiage !>7 penoof wlio wtw pnto^nt it I Ihe o««moqy: (o) P«K)f of mwt^ ind^ oohal»tiilio9 £» 20 or 80 yeut k taffideiil in ^igoQtaiMt) And if the pnfnpiption ili«ee£roiii It tdle ytlmUaaiit iiwirt be by pontiT* tttitimoiiy. (6) In 4ow«i> Q9bibite^n and repntfttfon hM MUent jii^inption of » minitge to wadet nna^ceMtiy p^oi pioof of a ii«n^ wlemi^ied (e)} bn( a pro- ■ampOon of mtrrl^0 arising from notation m^ % nbntled by proof ihat the woman formerly liired wi^ anodier man, in sneb a manner la ^ laiae the same preaomptbn of marriage witb bim. ^^e learned Jo^ bdd, in this ease, that tbe^rfsampkions weiPft «fidene^ a» wen for phdntiff aa &^siidant, and iha jttiy mnit deolde. The pUdntiff having pnt in ft irill. In whiob ie teetatpr apoke of B/aa^bis wife, Wia l^ft estopped from ^ danytng the marriage. (^ Msrf^igM eontraoted in Irehmd, between membeii ^ a4 Ohnreh of Bngland and Bealyyterians, «^bi#6d by minii^ers not beloq^ng to the ^ndi of Sn^d, «re legalised by the Imperiftl ^8^ &ft«in<k(^^26,and snohmaniageBeiia- bialed b^bra that aot was passed are Icigd inainagw in this oonnftiyi (e) A eeitifiesto of nmniage I9 a (•) Burner r, W^m, Midi, ttna, 5?le.; nphdd in w.^rgmi, 2 Or. A J. 468 ; Leader r.J^m } «V- g» ? Tajtor w«vld«io«, 114, 871 ; Dwt. FUmimt, JBiag. 2«8; BTw. SkHSumd, Bow. S.C. MS ; 1 W. Btook, 867. (c)fl^<4^««««.T.li«w.«^C-C.P. 810. ^ (in Omife t. 2%oMa9, 10 U.O. Q.B. 604.. <<) Doe ^ il^Mihy T. JNsi9> 2 U, C. B. 840. DOWtB.' ^laglttfifo; in t1i« following ton: <'I do hereby certify that I have thie day married A. and .B. tooord- Jog to the Church of England," duted in 1801, with proof of cohabitation and reputation, but withont proof of publication of banns, BM sufficient to establish the marriage against the efidence of coha- bitation and reputaUon of marriage with another person alive at the time of the second marriage ; defects of form in such cases being cured by 11 Geo. IV. oh. 86. (a) Where a marriage has in ikct been proved, evidence of repntatbn and oohabiUtion ia not sufficient to eetablish a prior marriage. (5) In . all cases of «ow2a&& marriages, if the husband $e ^before the tnarriage be avoided, the wife will be * entitled to dower, (c) Marriage may be proved by parol testimony, even though a memorandum of it hasieen kept in a register which 4he laj^ requires to be kept {£) Xn some oases the contract of marria^ ]S» in its, oiwn nature, a mere nnlUty, as for instance in the; ease of bigamy. '' If, n man seised of land, tenen ment, rent, &o., in feeVjtake a wife, ai|d dnrini; the same marriage, he marrieth another infi», and' 0e husband die leaving botlfViveei the h^ wifei^iall not have dower; because ihe^Bpinagebl^ween them was vdd» And.if |ii1iRmiilin!t^^ bufiband, and 17 "> ' »■ ' '" ■ («) Doe dilii. Whtdtf^ v. JfcFittMMw, 2 U. G. B. 77. : i^) Doe d«ia. WktOw v. Mt Wmam, 8 V. 0. B. 166. («) Piriie on Dower, 21 ; ^Mm t. JTe^W^ m^«. iii Tajlor on Bridenee, TSn ; Bm^m t. JTofwcM, 2 C. ft J. 468; le. V. iiUMom B.&B.169; iSeed v« PeMir, fea. B. 282; Boseo^s N. P. Bv. 2. ' ; I "e' '**""> ,«,. ,C^J' ^3j.-.o»,»rfa&<j.%i*.*„,. ■■'HW'.' /■'■ It '•■]'■ ^yfw^^- ■■'■■■■ i^g^^ Mimeltttifw^ bttncl, wBo is aeiaed otf Iftta^ In fee/ iiiid the Mowiid JhulMiid die, she shad so| litYe doir«r of his ]uid> eaiiM poUt.*' (a) And lee ftWe m to miurriigt 11^ Ik deoeased will's f^^ v ^ In the eMes of nutfriageB in ft^gn conniHe8| \i ippetn to he adopted hj the eonrte as a geneiil ^ndple, thalt^ if solemniied juscording to the lawi lyftheoQttntiy where conttaoted, they shall he ae- knowlecigid here as legal marriages (^) ; and it was admitted tiy.liord llardwioke in ^Roach t. Oarvon^ (e) .ihat the sentenoe of a fordgn conrt/ Kathi0 jpfop^r Jwritdieiion, is oonblnsiTe evidence of mar- riage firom the laws of nations in snoh oases (d), as ' flherwise the ijghts of mankind wonld he Tery pre- tiarioos and nnoertain. >!the same doetrine hils heen laid doim hy Lord Mansfield inJ^obinsim r, JBlantt, (e). Bnt reasonable oTidence^of the odebratioii of i^e marriage, alOiongh widlont sentenoe w^tild^ it is |ipprehei|ded, he s^oient in^dowety irhere no db> enmstanees appeur to indnoe donhts tHi^ther ih« lam of the eonniiy were eompBed with. (/) (a)Perk, mo. Sd4» 806; Parfcoiidowtri ll; I^kr M ^,904; Oro.^fs., 858. - . ? ♦ ,, V^ ^VS Bvrr l(y7t; 2 KeBt*t OMi.-92;"M0 site laft^ Wiiffht, 8 Jar. N. 8. 485 ; Brook$ ▼. ^ooki, 7 Jar. N. 8. 422. ; ■ (e) 1 t«a> Ben. 150 ; Park on Dower, 2fl ; Ttyle^ oa |BT.,ll8d. . ^ ^ ^ (d) Btoiy tm the Ooafliet dr Laws, M; 2 S«nt^ Com., •2 i Bro0k$ ▼. Bro0k§t 7 Jor. N. B. 422.. .» . J ^ 1 fiL^9; Parlc<mDDWar^2l« ^ T f (/)rirk<m Dowers 22. A ./^ :,'f'-: _:t^=.. Th/t ^tiittSSf k SD fteli6o Ibr etim: iBOil.| k bond to pM»¥« s numriage Tftlid in all respeoto, and H is not laffioieiit eTidenot on his pifft to show that ho and his alleged wife went throngh a religions etre- moay/with the honaJicU intention of thereby oon- traeting i ^alid anurriage, and afterwards lived togeAer as man and wife, in the belief that they had thereby eoatraoted a vali^ marriage, if, in Uw» iph imniai^ was not valid. ^^ A marriage between Englidi snbjeets, celebrated Meording to the rites of t^ €h«roh of EnghM^d, bnt not in the presenoe of a priest in holy orders, is valid at the iXMttmon law. CatherwoodY, C'aalon, 13 IC. k W. mi; Hegina i. MiUii, 10 Gea. <fe Fin. 584 i 7 Jnr.dU, 983; Be^y. ifottuMnfi^, 1 PMr« &B^0.q.B.l32,18&. ■ ' l^mriagie is pvesitmed between a J^ew and a ohriso ^an woman npoB the w«|^ of eridenoe in the abaenBa bf dinot psoof of a eeremomal marriage, (a) Where in SAMtion of dower tl^ •tBp0m etldeime of bofaa b tta ti on and reputation to prove th^ maiviagB said to have ti&en plaoe in the United States, and finled, the oonrt under iheeir» onmstanees ofthis oue refused :» new tr^d. (^} In England npon the plea of ns wtqwn accoiipU a wriigoes to tiio bishop ibt h|s eeitifioate of the imparla^ («), efoept the marriage jfo celebrated "w <•> ^MpHi Vi. 09odmmh.i J^. N. di*,mi 9»Jt, h '<31ian. 745. m' \.. (fr) 2 5to-i««T. i)oto«n» 14 U.e.Q.B. 687.. * ^ ' '. ,' it) B«Tloii*8 ?nM.» vol 2, p., 907; ^s* on^Beal '^9^ c* tions,m - ; • a> ■■< , ,'^ .V -V^ 'i ' • ^ 1L -\ ■ ' * ■^ ■■ , ■ ■ - ' •■ '^ ' <mt of England, in wMoli eue it wut be tried \iy a iniy (a). The iasae has always to be tried by a jary in this oonntry. * ■ ' * / 5»^ C ,- -The 24th Via, chap. 46, enacts, " after reeiting that doubts exist as to the Tslidity of marriages eon- traoted as thereinafter mentioned-^l. The mar- riages of all persons, not being under any canonical disqualification to contract matrimony, which mar- ,riages had been publiqiy contracted in Upper Canada, before ^ny minister or miniijkeis, who was or wtee^ prior to the passing of the aot of Upper Oanada, U €ko. lY., chap. 86, allowed to solemnise matrimoiiy, before haying obtained, and ^ithout such minister haying obtained^ a license firoW the Quarter Ses- sions under the said act, or aj certificate from the Begisfarar of the said county, under the act of Canada, la* 11 Vic, ch. 18, are hereby declared to have been valid, and shiill be consider^ as good and valid in law, and the parties to suchj marriages, and the issue iheredf, shall be entitled to all the rights, and subject to all the obligations arising from sueh mar^ tiages, and, the consanguinity resulting therefrom; any law or usage or custom to the contrary in any- wise notwithstanding. • . / ^ i <<(2. In case either party to aHy sueb mtirriagejuui eontraeted a subsequent marria^ before the passing of t^ sot, this act shall not be construed to invali- date sitjsh snbsequjBUt marriage, , but the vdidity thereof shall be determined as if this act had not been passed." ^ ' i (a) 'JUerton v. ttdertion, 2 H. JSl? 146. J V .Jl "■ft, '"jj""^*'""' ' ~t jj'TPr \ \ J- 4 ^1} ■*r- V It is illegal in ibis ooaniiy, as it :Was in B^gUnd before tbe 26 Geo. II., cbap. 28, to marry by lieense wbere eitber of tbe parties is under twenty-one, witb- ont oonsedt of parents or guardians; and tbe want of oonsent is a breacb of tbe bond giyen on obtai ing snob license, conditioned tbat tbere is no k)innl oanse or impedimibnt to binder tbe marriage^ iSeik- 5/0, ibat tbe eleventb clause of tbe statute is not in force in tbis country, and tbat sn^li^ mattiage it not Toid. (a) 11 n. -T (a) Begina t. Roblin, 21 V. C. B. 252. <■:■ y - ^ -- ■' '4 ; .*" 'V. -J "V #; , ■: ■:'-.. - ■■' ' ' i f ■ . . ft m . » f :;*.'■'. • i y ■ 1 ' : ■■A ■ %. * '■■ y-' ^.^ I f :.J ■.•;■■- 1 .« • :.f^ ■■'■ ,'' • K 1 i _- ■ '. M i ■ v->V': .*..-;. • J ^ ''■";■■:■ - •«' ,. ' . •■ , t ■Vr '■?. - "^ » » ■ .<■•, - •• ; 1 » ' , ■ •? ^> • . 1 ":^:3^-^ ■j, ; • .v-vl * 1* ■* - ■ \ ■'. ■ ■■■■- • '■i ■ '^WK^J.IBnS^^!^^ -N' ■ \ ■ , . 'ft,; ■ • 'SjC" "■' 1 -^ .\ OH APT Ell III ■'.:::"■ SEISIN.:'' The next important considention is the rale re- gtrding seiain. " The husband of the woman claim- ing a dower most have had seisin of the lands and tenements whereof dower *is claimed^ during the oorertiire." (a) ;-, '„ I'l.^'-' '■.'- ■':. By the 0. 8. IT. 0. ch. 84, s, 2, "when a has- hand hath been entitled to a right of entry or action in any land, and his widow would he entitled to dower out 6f the same if he had recovered possession thereof, she shall he entitled to dower out of the same although her husband did not recover possesir sion thereof; hut such dower shall be sued for or obtained within the period during which such right of entry or action might be enfi>roed." The husband must have had seisin of the land la severalty at some time during the marriage to entitle the wife to dower. Therefore in joint-tenancy the wilh of the tenant dying first, is not entitled to dower; and if there he two|oint-tenanis in fee, and one makes a feoffment, the wife has no dower, (b) The maxim applicable is **Jiu accretcendi pr^ertur oneribui" And the reason seems to be that the . Mi l II ^.^Bi— —i»^^— lllll ■ l^P—— ■ ■— ■ ■ ■■!■ » ■ I ■■■■— ^M^i—— P^^— H»— p— ^Biw— M^ ' (a) Park on Dower, 24; Go. on lAi, 81«. < (b) Ck». <m lit. 81 b ; Williims on Rofl Proporty, 191 ; 8topli«n's Com., vol. 1, p. 816 ; Batkell v. Jnruier, 12 C. P. 888. I H^": ^^v*. ■'";'«^, ■^ ./^ TOwat. ■■.'v .'^ ^^-^ land nerer wm !h tlie liiiitoa^ Mistfi, m/Bpk'm Bubjeot to tihe, paramoniit oltim of tl»6 ronivOf, «ii4 thetefbre there wts no 8ei«n oat of whieh do^er oonld arise. («) In Ohio it ia held that the "fy$ aterew&ndC* doee not exist to the ei^ohision of th| right of dowet in the widow of joint-tenant ftral ^ dying (6), hnt the widow of & tenant in common ll entitled to dower, (e) It' is anffident that the hM^ hand have a seisin in law, withont heing aotai% sei9ed (<0f i^nd any period of lime however i^ort is sttffioient to make sneh a seisin as dower will attach ' npon, hut a transitory seisin for an inatant when the sameict that giTcs the estate to the hnsbandy con'> Teys it out of him, as in the case of a oonnsee of i .fine;. is not soffioient to giro the wife dower. (0) Bkokstone's ^reason for the wife's not heing enti* tied to dower in this case, is that *Vthe lahd wa« merely in tranntu and nerer rested in the hnshand, the grant and render heing one continued act f* bnt he adds, as regards the time, "it the land abide in him for the interval of hnt a single moment, it seems that the wife shall be endowed thereof." (/) BroughUm t, MandaU, ia in point. (9^) A fkther was tenant for fife, remainder to his son in taO, K\t i ■ \- ••A '|>' ■\ *•- V's i''i li'l'li (a) 8tepkMi*8 doB.» ToL 1> p. 816. (6) EtnVa Com., toL 4, p. 860, noU («). (e) Ham t. Bam, 12 U. a a B. 497. (d) Co. OB lit. 81a; G. S. U. G. oh. hi- I (<j Co. oa lit 81 6 ; Nm\ t. JPram, fk. Car. 100; Buytfv. Ai^l Aft.442. / 1 (/) 2 Blaek. Com., 182 ; "HA fk DdWW, «. > iff) Noy. 64 ; Cro. Elii. 608 ; Park on Dow*, 4i; iiiyd IT. 3iMyrf, I Atk. 441. *^ .. ^ .» (■ m. f ' nnuUnder to tlie right hein of the fttlier. Bolh falher and «on were attainted of felony, and exeooted at the aame time, both being hanged in one cart, the ■on not having anj issue of his bod j ; and it being proved by witnesses that the father moved his feet after the death of the son, it was foand by verdict that the fitther was seised of an esUte in fee of which his wife had right to be endowed, and the jrife had jadgment accordingly. In the United SUtes this doctrine of transitory leifin not giving right to dower, is exemplified in the case where the husband takes a conveyance in fee, and at th^ same time mortgages the land back again to the grantor, or some third person, to secure the whole or part of the purchase money. Dower can- not be claimed is against rights under that mort^ gage (a); but upon. foreclosure qf the mortgage and sale of the property, the widow would be entitled to dower out of the bsJance, after deducting the mort- gage debt. J '7'//' r ' The rule with regard to suj)h transitory seisins, as decided in the Stated, would appear tb be that whenever the husband has a transitoix seisin for the purpoie of alienation, then the wife ihall not be endowed ; but if the seisin though momentary is not for the purpose of alienation, and is not rendered of sneh brief duration by the act <>r intention of the hoaband, then the wife shall be endowed ; and the nme rule is laid down in an English work, (b) However in contradistinction to the above law, it (a) Kent's Gom.,^ voL Iv., p. 89. (6) Bissett on Estates for We, 76 H »tq. "Bwe '~7^ ^"'^m ■ , ; ■ . . :: ■.'.■■■ r '• "* H _• ■ _ / litt t)Mii i«td In <mr oourtfl tbat where an eiUte wm,2S oouTeyed'toft vendee, and immediaUily mortgaged back again to the seller to iecnre payment of the pnrohaae money, that the widow of (1^ moitgagor was entitled to dower, (a) Thia deoiwon has been oonfirmed on appeal by • .majori^ of six Ji»kes to one, in y^<m ▼. Smith, 7 U, 0. L. J. 2e8.^Chief JnsUoe Bobinaon being ihe diaaenaent in boUi oaaes. Krten, V. C.> wy «The caaea which have owJurred in England ate «aae8 where property h|ui been conveyed to one Ibr jthe naes of anothex«*-the effect of which under 1^ Btatnte of niiea is to cotftey the atatp to the paitif for whoee nse it ia conveyed to the person Hw* named, who only acts aa a conduit to convey it to the party intended, and in which first party Aer^ Itf only an instanUneons siHsin, no*«ntitlingft widow to dower. But the case is different when the moffe; gage and deed mie one transaotioB. In that case ^ the peiBon is by the deed fofly and perfectly seised of the esUte until by his own act (noi the ad 0/ amothef) be parts with it by executing th« .nort|^ilge; :'r'-''- '\- ,:■■::: _ And Sir W. Bladtstone says (8) " The seisiu of lihe husband for a transitory instant only, when th« tame ad which gires him the estate conveyi it also <mt of him again (as where by a fine^ bnd is granted to a man, and he immedUtely ren|8tt it ba* by the same fine,) such a seisin wiH not entitle the wife to dower, for th^nd was merely in trarmtu." It is (*) f^lto V. Jftiriri, 1*^ e. Q. B. 4W. ^ }^^ Com. 1«1 ? Crnisa's Bi^flfrii vsL i, f. Wk C^ ^ '3B'' . ^ * MiS m, olM«nrtb1« tBat tiae worda are **iaih€ act** and tlili appeara to b« the oorreot reading aoeordiog to Mr«^ Park in hia traatiaa od dower, pp. 48 ei nq.; \m% ■gain at p. 187 io apeakiog of dower of aqoitiea of redeBBptioo he aaja " The mle thai a woman ia not dowable of an eqniuble eatate being onoe eatabliahed|^ il foUowa, aa a neoeaiary oonaequence, that {t tht hoaband makea a mortgage %n ft before fnarriagai the wife will not be dowabfe of the equity of redemp^p^ |ioD. If indeed ihe money waa paid on the da|^; BMned in the condition, the eatate wo|iId reyeat^^^ th^ hipbandy and the wife become dowable; bnl^' •obaeqiient payment of th^ mortgage money by ttiig^ ^haaband win render her dowable, if he diea belbr« i; teoonreyanoe of the legal eatate/' (o) It la aab* aitted in PoUm t. Msjfert, and Smtih % Norum^ that the deed and mortgage Were both ezecuteC during oovertare, though the qneation ia not directly, •llnded to. The practice in Canada is to caoae thtf. wife to bar her dower in the mortgage. In Englandk ihe huabaod can now bar hia wife'a dower by a deo|a7 fation in the conveyance without her joining. It ia clearly laid down in Baoon'a abridgment that ''The wife shall hold her dower discharged of ja^ inenta, recognisances, statutes, mortgages, or anjf iOther inonmbraaces made by the hosband after maiw* liage, because after his death her title, which is noif oonsammate, has relation to the marriage and seisiii of her husband, which were before t^e inoumbranoei.^' 'And ip the maigiB it say9| << The widow of a mort- %::^ ia) Dixon ▼. SMIU^ 1 Bro. C. C. 826 } 2 Pow. Mori 720; Park oa Power, 187; Craiae's Digaat, vgL l..p. 17X :f^^:^... Jk*' IMIWUb *| iftfor not bftmd o( her dowtr if fU did pot Joio^^S:"'' lA tM mortgage, (o) ^9L ednveyed Itnd to B. in 1888, and oti tb« same day took back a mortgage for the whole parehaat money. B. paid nothing for either principal or in- tereat, and in 1840 reconytfyed abaolntelj to A., the \ land being then Tenant. B.'a wife did nol join in either mortgage or recooTeyanoei And eighteen yean .. .. 'R,^ ^ifier B.'a death, bronght an action ageinst 0. who bad pnrobased from A. aoon after the r«eonfeytnce, •ad li^d, footed Talnable bnildings. Heidj that the / •eialn of the bnaband B. waa eoaiplete) and that the wi^w ifaa entitled to dow«r.<^i^K< t. ilfiryer«, 14 ; U. 0. Q. B. 409 affirmed.) Smiih r. Norton, f V. \ . e. L. J. 268 ; in Appeal, 20 U. C Q. a 218. In • deolaiatiott in dqfp«r there waif no aterment that the bnaband died aeiaed and no damages elaimed« Plea, "n$ unqum •eUie gue dower.** It appeared that a patent for the land issued to otoe K., and » ^tnees was called, who proved that he was one of tb^ snbMribing witnesses to K.'a will, bnt the will waa not prodaced and no evideblie. of its oontenta gifeoi It Wis proved, however, that B., the per- v "^ •on from whom defendants purchased^ derived Utle^^L^^:, ibnragb P., who had held a bond fbr a deed from, the patentee, and that P. before he sold to B., toolt • quit claim from M. ot aU hu interett in the land, - - eieeoted by M. only, in which it was stated ihal ,^, At land "was devised by will to^ the said M. by K.; >C ;v ^Ae original grantee of the Orowii." J9^^ that no • ■ estopp^ afose upon this deed, and there was no ' . — <#) Bae. Abr. tit P6wer Cl., p. 144. -^— — — - k "' "a ■■53 Ck li i)6tNtt. '-— : f ^ ♦" ' ▼. AtKe, 20 U.O. Q. B. R. 20. W. 0. dMd seised ii ' fte of lend, having dovised tlie nine to his wife Ibr lili^ and >ft«c deetk \tk Ue sm^ tUe deB«idanl!a boilHiid^ IB fee. The tailelor'» wldbw, tile de^ee* fii^ lijfo, died be«>i# Ihe deiwAdMir* hmhiAd^ vA ^ ' diuiDg her lifo His inleieet wie sold «nder*>l./ii» ka^ aad ooQvejed to OM J., who hftviiig iMeoYtnd v/poiMssioii^ sold to the temuit, who mortgaged hadi ' ftgaia to JF., hat ooatlnaediB pos se ss i on. It wsa iMi shewa whether aU ibe inoi^;^^ aioaey had boiV^ paid ornot ; bo^ the tine for ptgrmeat of seveinl liii the iostelmeata Ud aok ansTed. BM^ the* tili demandaal ooald not suooMd^ Ibi the tenaai wit not tenant of the freehold, bnl the mortgagee ; txit was the hnsband ever so seiasd at to eatltia hiA to dower, for his reveownarf Intensti wai ttiiog his Uptime. Cwmamnff t. AigMirty 12 t. C. a B. 880. : :.;v;; ;. 'v,,:;-,, Under the plea of m unjust «rii»i» possessieir!!}^ tha hnshfind l^prim&fwsu OTidenoeof 8oiM% Ma^ mm^Neue^ Easter Term, 7 W. IlT.rhnhiaft sab^ement ease it was held thai the. damaiidant eonld noiii^ allowed to reeoTor on mere avidaaoaaf poBsensionJhy beg bnsband withowt pioMring hii tMk <v JfbAiifoa 0|«x. l^ JK}6U!{, e U. a &. m. In a eanse of jBbrrtt t. lf%itowMM»y triad at Ciojden assiiesi bofora Bffr. JasUee Bofler, H Waa Qonteoded that demaadaat ongbt to have shewn tndl an estate in her hvsband as she was dowable of to SQpport the issiie-^Plea, ne «»;•««* mam and Ibsoo thereon.) EM^ poiBtmm wbA rtet^ ^ find V. •*».■ >r" ^md /ach eiidenJe of t ft« dmpto eUate, tnd if the p^rty in poaseenon had only a particular uiaUf it was inoambent upon, and in the power of defendant to ahew it. Wentworth's Syatem of Pleading, Vol. X, p. 161t A, oonvfl^, withont eomnderation, to N. W. a lot of land, who takea it and remains in pomession some jWB and leayea. A. anbseqnenily oonyeys to T. W. Ibr valae the same land. I^pon a plea of ne unguet aiiit que dower in an action for dower bj the widow of N. V. against T. W. Beld, that the first deed being without oonsideration, was fraudulent at against the second, and that the olum for dower ,|Dested upon the seisin under it, was not snstainai- t>lB. (a) ^ • ^ (o) WSiMi ▼. WUnth 8 U.-C. 0, P. 626. J % ^^f. ? . T ' ^ * : ^ . 1 i ' ■ -.-Ti, ' ' ■ ■'. •" ■ '*>* -;•' .' ' ■■> ^ . 1 * J ',i;t •''»-'. ' ;.f F:'-_. . ^ \ ■ T' ■V-. -^ i .-- <M MMtt^ .-. .■ ' i * • -_ ^n "■'. ' ; ' -^ ■:. . 1 i! .j ' :■■''' ., ' - ■ ■■ ( ■\ ■ . . >' ■ ;# ■:■!?«■■■ ■ £ h- • . '01 ■ 1 .■ i » '■■ /■ ■.■.;■„ ■' "i * i .,' . .>• ■ ^L..i^:L^[:.. £;■:: V. ....... .^., .1':- ■ _ ■ # ■' \ "^•. \ ■ '> ■ -> ■',- '"'■'■. .■ ■._ \ ' . •■» - ' » / ■-■; '■ '':■■' ^ ^ ft J 1 ',." -".^/a;fe-,-%^^ K ■' ■•"' i ?^f4^P^"^^^ ''^v^'^ '* > "«• t . V '/r??^; -"'^'* ' / ' CHAPTER IV* < BSATH OF TUB HUSBAND. Upon ibe death of tlie hiubind tlie title «f tbe wife beoomes oonsiimmate) vod ber right to raoo^ opinineDces. -';''''' -; ; ■ ;■ \" Mr. l^ark lays it down that this question of tbe death of the hosbaDd is not triable by jury in a writ of dower, bat by tbe Oonrt jmt teite§ (a): and it has been said that, after the Court ha?e given judgment upon the proofSi;^ tbe matter iBball never be brought in question again%pon bettei^ prooft, for this is in effeot to attaint the Court,, and impeach thwr ^radit (h) By the 0. B. U. 0., oh. 81, s. 2, «iLU iasnes of fiioC now or heteafter joined in any aotion, real, personal or mixed, brought in any of her Majesty's oour^ of justice -within Upper Canada, and the assessment or inquiry of damages in any; such action, the trial or assessment of Which is not otherwise proTided for, shall bcutried and determined or assessed and inquired of by the unanimous Terdict of twelve jurors, duly sworn, &c. The deaUi of the husband being a question of fiust,. must be left to t jury in Canada, the same as any other issue of hoi. , As to the mode of prooi^ any direct evidence, such as attending his deaUi bed or his fnneiil, fto., will (a) Park on Dower, 247; Hkomf, Bx^^ I^. 186; llodr^ 14. (6) Hard, 127. . y<* . ■■.. .j^ -: 99lfii* m '*', ■V-^ •ir«.-. ''■; , '«y It 'a*«A'' ^gwer. Doaui wffl be pfcmm«i4 ilw In cMe of > ffgjS ooDtiDued llnexpl»i^ed abdeuoe from borne for seven mmmm. iewB, and the non-reoeiptiof intelligenee oonoernio^ ihe party (a) ; but ibe jni|r may prewme the fact of death in a eborter period jtban seven yeara if other eircumstanoes oon«|f : Mjif » party when Uat heard of was aged, o^ in^Jt'^" (*)» <^ »»»* »ince^ been eipoBcd to extrJHfcylpoiril as a storm and pro- 'Jbable sbipwreek)W^W« ^'w' «' *« ^^^ ^'"« #live or dead at ^y partiinlar period within, or at |iheend of thi seven years, mnst b0 proved by tM iparty assertina that fiwst. (<0 :Where a paby who takes under a will has nol been heard of Wwven years, the testator havi-^ died after threa years had elapwd, and adver^ ments, iasned on\the death of the testator, faUind; to produce any information, roch legatee mnst be/pr^ snmed to have sni^ived 4hd testator, and canWot be presumed to have died at any particular period during the seven years. C«V The law may presume dpath after seven years' Wwence, but not^ihe tim|'of; the ; death... (/) ,\s'-. .:-".>■_;;■■ In Ow ca*r«f |^i|2<^^ Strong et alp) it Was proved ^t A. yas bust seen in this province >;,.,■.:;,..-;: — — '^- , :. : , : . ^ " ' ; ' L J <a) Tay. on Br. 127 , ffopewM ▼. D* Pinna, 2 Cattp. 11«. (*) Rex ^.Harboumtj 2 i. k B. 644 ; T»y. on Bt. 129, (c) ITottoav. King, 1 Stark. 121; Roacoe an Br 88. (rf) Do4^. ir^tan, 6 B. & Ad. 86; la E^ror, 2 M k%. 894. («) />imfi ▼. Snowden, 11 W. E. 160 ; /« re 2*m«lait, 80 , Bmt. 161. X (/) If^tan V. i>M dm. Knight, 2 M. & W. 894. • {^) ^U.C.B.6X0. •"• > M V. I ■* \r :p >■» i i,^ iB .^v ' • V A- ^ t >. ^ In Deoeml^; 182f7| and w» jne? er •ft«nnrd>'&«fi oil AJi,/a, againft X/n Iftndfl wm plaloed in th* SheriTs hands, on ISOi Jnly, 1888, tested 29tli ' Jnlriby 1888. The bdr of A. bron^t . ejeciment againat jtlie pwoluMier iinder tha SheriiTa sale, an^ ' endeaTOwad tb raooTor .npon iha ground tffaa^ aftor ' ao^many j4JKt$ (about 16) had ekpead ore? and aborw the aeyen jealai' ihe Uw preanmed Ji. to.haVe been living aboe he waa Uwi^ heard of.. ' tlie preanibption i^ h^ did not die till' the expiratipn of the aoTea^ yeuiry tl^oagli thore was no oirofamatanee in evid^noe toibe^ ihaft he dieciearHer, was at an end, and that It wai^ inomnbent on the piurohaaer at SheriiTa aale to ahew, thai he did not in ftct die t3l alUr. the aerenth year, and Ihat the Jmr dM>iild lie direotad to find whether he did or d^iLwi^ die wtthin the teMi^ of aeren yean. ' Ba^ htld, the proper cUreefnon tp giye the jiiry was, that at the end of foren yean the faot ^f dea^ ntui to be preanmed and no! aoener, iinleaa there waa aome efidence aifeoting Ihe proba- Inlity of life OOntinning aa long, and also that it waa inenmbent on the heir of A., and not upon the poiw ehaaar nnder ihe'>S;^., to lAew whan A. died. ^r^ ^^"1 \ -# ma tb tb * ! • % ; " ■ v t ■■-,■■■ ^■' ■' :■:-■■ :■ ■■' \ '-•^ :>,... - HBni^ii . . . '-'■:■. ■ ' .■ :;•;..■;;.-■:;.'., •■>-^.-. '-■-■' ,.., '; .':-'"- - ■- ■ ;■' ■ .'' ., ,"■,.'■•''■■'.'■ ' / * 1 14 n L*t^ij*i ?;v :'.?^ (*" ,' ''. ■. ."i •' OHAPl-ER V. . • <« ,*t -' ^ * OF WHAT BSTATB A WOMAN IS DOWABML ?• iwtfoiii to llie doffi^aty, M of a lawi*,, *tt ^tArowpip, frata, lent diMfgo, »iit eeck, oo«iiapiii %ttMO| lo; ^g case : « If » wni is gnmiea toW %|»» ^^ I iii4 tliefBMitoo teocpU <^ «»* %|w rn^fe, tnd at the dajrv^C *lw paymdai the |eiw^ of ^ iaa^B tendera tlie wiit iii^tKe husband, t^l»o wiO not rtceWo the same, hot openly i^toea^^^^ ^ aes befiw any peeipt bf^e fent>y hitt, orhy any other in Jiis name, ^ *« hhii, &e., ind hefore anytiingpMd toMm i^i the bame of ^^wsin df the lent, &e., yet ^the wife AaU lurre dow^f ^ ^ Dower dso i? ^ue of iron or other mines whieh hate been wicnaght during oovertiirei. hilt not ^^ mines unopened at the dsath of the hmOjand ; and if the \tflA asngned for dower eontains an opepi^ mine, the tenant may work it for her ownben^ hot it '*'?; Ill I iiii . (•lK«at'8 CoBL Tol.4. p.40; P«fe 842,^46^ Mt; q^. «I^Ut %% a ; Park OA Dow«, lift rt ««». . . (6) ?tr]dii8, e. 878. ^ ' . :<>' c.^' . / } ^:^ u I* / ^ ^*W'it,t»* Donnou ff^i^B would be wute in her to open and work % mine (a), and so of a coal oil well or a spriog of water. (Rex T. ift/Aw, Cowp. 619.) * , The Court of Gomnion Pleas decided "That the widow was dowable of all her husband's mines of lead and ooal, as well those which wei» in his own landed estates, as the mines and strata of fead or lead ore and coal in the lands of other persons, which had ihl fact been opened and wrought before his death, and wherein he had an estate of inherilanee during the coverture ; and that her right tobe^- dowed of them had no dependence on the subsequent' continuance or discontinuance of working them, either by the husband in his lifetime oi^ by those claiming under him since his death." (ft) When the husband exchanges his lands for otheit, the widow may elect out of which Utnds she will be endowed ; but she eannot have dower ii^R&i, although the husband was seised of both during the coverture (c), and note that the exchange must be- proved in proper technical form and by deed, (d) A power to lease and manage his real estate, given by a testator to; his trustees, does not by itself raise {a} Fitiherbert, N.B. 882 «. If » house bo accidentally bnmed down, it is not waite. Roscoe on Real Aotions. 121,10». , ^ (6) Stouffhton r. Letgk, 1 Tannt 402; Kent*i (W toI. 4, p. 41.< It is presam^ that dower would attach to aooal oil well. '':\.' ■^■''■■■- ■" . \. >■ "'v ..•-';■'.:■>.'■"; \-v^> • (e) Bae. Abr. fit. Dower, p. 1871 Piti. K.B. 149; Park, on Dower, 261 i; Co. on. Lit. 81 6; Whiter. Laing, 2 UC: C.P. 186 ; MeCteUan et m. ▼. Meggatt, 7 U.C.B. 664. " 7 U.Ci'C.P. 41. ^ 'm-::- '■¥';:: ■ • ', ; x tU ,(*" ' >■■<')■..•»:■ IB implioftUoii of the teiUtor'i intenUon^ to VtemtJ^gj^ hii wife from dower, to as to compel her to elect JfJ^'y Id determioing the obligation pf the widow to elect, i>«»wrtifc ibe Court will regard theintentitfn of the testator. »pt«reot on the whole of the will. The amount of ihe promion made by the will is a material oircum- stanoe in indicating the testator's^ intoition. ( War- huttim ▼. Warbuitonf U Jur. 416.) This <»8e WM decided by Sir J. Stuart, V. C, but the authority of Jt itfshalron by ,a decision |n Appedi in Parker ▼. :^ j Sou>erbffy'i» Jur. 628/ where it was held by Lord ^ Cntnworth, Sir J. L. Knight Bnlce, Xj. J., and Sir vCK J. Turner, L. J:, thai all that is necessary, to raise \ -ft case of eleotbtt is that tbere should appear oh the &ceof the jrill an intontion which would be firus- >» itiated by the claim of dower; And ffaU n. ffillyt , HDriK & W. 94, decided that sucK an intention wad shown by the testatoi^ giving trustees a leasing power ' J^ o?er his real estate. See also O'MaraY. Cheynef^ Jo. & Lat. 666; Gibton v. Oibtonf 1 Bru. 42. See ^ also an article in 18 Jur. part 2, p. 197, on the abo?e easeof lF<ir6litto» €Tfb^^ June, 1854..: i A testator directed all the irents and income^ Kls estate to be diyideli between his widow and dhifUen,: > one share to each ^ the children and two to the * ^ widow, her heirs and assigns for ever, and ptoeeeded^ as Allows: "I hereby direct tha^ each child, on attaining lus or her majority, receive his or her share (after expenses of proper repairs ai» deducted), fo| : his or her sole use." Sdd that this gave the wido# ; an abeohite interest in all his estate, and that asulK ^^ sequent devise over of her «hare, in the event of hw ■M- ;>; .i. ■. ■■ • — -»-- ' ; ■ . i" ■ -] ■ - -•.,■ •■■? ■ ■'■' ' . :• . -",'?•.' ■■'.'. ^%. ..,■■■ 1 '■\ ■■ :' ' '' . f .*'•'. ■ ■ ' t ■ ^-i ■ ■■ \ ■."■__ii '■. ■„ -: :>fc--o'- ■ ' \ ^ ■.;. ■ . . . * , ."■. ,";.:iAi;~ ■ T. .;■.,■..■■■■ ■ ■ '- ; ■^ » ( <», ■;-:^^^^^-^:;- ■ - ; .■ i ' ,', '.^ ' • ---~-— r "— ^ — ~~ ^ ".■f* ',-■'' - .■ ■■ ■.-.■■■v - ■■ ■ ■ ■ '^' -■•---,'. ' A ■■■'- '-.'■.:■'■ ■ > •* ■.;, ■' -^ ' i' .''''■■'■ .-■■. ■*!■.■■ • • v.; » M>-. ■. ',.■■■-. .■' V;-.. .■ ' '■J-:'-^- /^ x V, ■\ ^* ^jing inUttale, mi Tspvgiuuit tnd fio|jl, aad that ^^ the ohlldmi wen entitled to tke inooaie only on mtteitting twenty-one. Tbe will dbo diraoted << O^t too reid estate be sold without tlM nnMiinioiie ooDMnt •nd diieetion of ell bj ezeeatoie/' and aleo gave tbem power to Imj and eell, give and take tMei ki fee eimpley In as ftill a inanner as if be were Bting, and appointed bie widow ezeontriz, and F. and U. ezeeaton tbereof. F. and H. reno)»noed probate, and tbe widow alone proved tbe will. 3M ibat tbe widow, under ibe detiae mentioned, waa pot to eieet wbetiier sbe weald take ander the will or olaim ber dower. (jKerrT. LtiOnMrn^ 8 Oniat, Oby. B. 486.) 4^ testator gate^aB bis boasebold fornitaro and effiBots ia bis bonse to bis wife ; a peoaniafy legaoyy debts, Ac., to be paid oat of tbe geaeral peisoaal^; all bis teal estates to be sold by aaotion ; 4iad iben one balf of tbe wbble itersonal^ and of tbe pp o eeeds of tbe realty to bis wife, and one-feartb to a nepbew oiie-felirth to a nieee. BiM that tbe widow was bound to elect between her dower and the beae- giten ber by the will A direetbii to sell realty lied in a will is not ip itself alone inoonsistent with the intention that the widbw should hai^e her 4!»wflr, as a power to demise would beu (a) But whore a will ezpessly d<M^ares that |rhat is gi^eo to Ihe widow is intended to be ia ^ of dower, aiid where th«'Wi^w aoMpts it^ she is as mnoh bound 1^ her eleotioa in a oourt of Uw as in equity, (ft) As to the'^time of eleotu^i where a testator made a (a) jBtoMlHt^ T. Bmiing^ 3 Ki^ ft J. 67 ; 8 Jar. N.8. 686. . (6) FaftoftT. WXL^ 8 U.O. Q-B. t»e2. * , • V. ,' . - ■ \ • ~ / t ^ :■.■■' .•■, « *^ < S*' ■' ■ ■ - '..-•■ -■■.'" /.■ ■- ■- ■■ t • . - '►# t^lii* ^ MtA M lloyyoii for Ikii widow wjeittmlj « liouor ■•*irfw^o/*3^* tioa of Mj MttU Of inteiwit to whSoh aho migbt ^^fJ^JaV «iii4iik4 MB hit widow, oat of Wi reid tad p«twiiAlD«»wrtifc «tt»to, pad tht ooiaytd the fievinOii i« i«^)OKao«o of ^ hw ri^t to dowel — ito than ii*toen y^M ifUr tketortAter'i dentil the waientitlod to eloot (&^ . ■ W. 0. h«<|«MitlMd to bit wife, ** upon oondntOD of hef mtkiB^ no okim upon the MBidne," an tnnuity ftirUfc;bntifaliemde«BfyoW»npontliereiidtto ^ of hii prop«fty, he beqneetlied mato her no: part of hlipropertj; the uinoily WM net to he paid ; and he diiecM >^^ l^ropeHy raToitiag to hie eatate, whether leaMhold or copyhold, ahonld aa aoon aa ihe •mount waa obtained be inmediately inTeated, «hd the intereat to bd received for the children of T. W. JSMd thali the widow of the teatator waa entitled to dower and alao to the annui^. (a) •> ^^ ^''^ A widow cannot io fiur elect to take under a de^flft aa to enter into poaaaaaion of the whole piopefty oni of whieh ahe elaima dower, and yet ana for her aoiffif^ ^hen thafc waa pnrt of the property eipwady daviaad to her in lieu of dower. (6) A iridow dow^ ^ ikble out of hjBT huaband'a hnda, hvdng elected ta • jyike an annuity given by the will in liaiu of dower^ \ ihe tiatator'a estate being inaufficient to pay the kgaoiaa in fidL ilflli, the waa entitled tjo priori^ over the other legateee. (c) If there be any ^al*' vif (a) f«|A«feUT. W$tker^l, 8 Jur. N.fl. 814| Fiel^mnfi t. Aantf^STMk 881. ; (0) AoiUMiiiMft 1^ 2^ 1 8m. & Ck 4it ^ ; . ■ fi.. ». •p* «l ^^•5^* t^ ^tidention for a tertamenUiy gift, well if At- (hi»« relinquifhiiieiit of ddirer bj t>idow, iuob legtcy '**'*' will b« entitled to preference of ptjment over the other gonend legaoiee, which ere mete b^antiee (a) j Bui rooh • legaej bu no prioritj where the teetktor I«nTee no red etttte out of which tho widow ii doweble. (6) ' ' '- A widow is entitled to dower in Iwde pnrobaied lllMft the Crown by her deceased hnsband, and whereof he died possessed, althoogh no patent issued therefor and the purchase money had not been ati ' paid. - She is also entitled to one-third of the rents and profits for six yean before the commencement of the suit, (c) * The wife of a mortgagee is not entitled to • dower. (<f) ''-"'■''/■/"■--■■" : '-._'' A widow was nerer allowed dower of a use ; not is she^now entitled to dower out of a trust estate } and w^en an estate is conveyed to a man by way of mortgage, it is not subject to dower. («) A widow is not dowable of Isnds assigned to another in dowerl^JThemaxim is'rfos de dote ptH npit debet, but this maxim does not apply unless " " ..' ■ ■ ■ I ■ — ■' ' •■ ^ - ■ ■ Si II • II I I I . 1 .. I I ^,. ' ■ ' (a) JSurridff$'f. Bra^Ut 1 P.Wm. 127 j Bkmerr. MorrU^ 2 Yes. sen. 420. (ft) Acey T. «m»wii. 6 Beay. J6 ; Wimams on Ex. 1169; fftJh T. bendM* 1 »•»«* Ghan. Ca. 648 ; vide also WUl. oU Ex. 1289 «tuq. ie) Craig r. TmpUtm, 8 Grant. Chan. B. 488; 4 WIU, 4, Ob. i. a. 44; Bug. on Vend. 188. (if) JSTamT. Bam, 12 0. C. Q. B. 497: bat aealSng. on Vend. 887. " The wife of a trustee in fee or a mortgagee in fee of a Ibrfeited mortgage is at law eatiUed to dower. (e) Croiiss Digsst, toL 1,> 174. ^ \ ***► to nor n 1 -.^ dowtr he lotuillj •saigned. (a) If no dowOT two/Jgj'^ aisigotd, it does not uke place. . mlliirte 1^ here a teetotor by will made ft protiaion for hiaDo»*W^ wife, who waa >inarried to him before 1884, btlt did not dedare that the proTiaion Wm to be in bMr of dower. Aid thut the wife Waa not dowable oat of freeholda which the'teiUtor hftd deviaed to traateee, with ft diaoretiooftry power of aale, ftnd p^wer U> let from jOftr to year in the ttiean time, (b) By the 0. 8. t. 0. oh. 84 (4 Will. IV. oh. 1), ft widow ia entitled to dower %nt of eqniuble eatates s << When ft hoaband diea beneficiftlly entitled to fto Intereat in any Iftnd which does not entitle bis widow to dower oat of the sftme at law, ftnd aaoh interest, whether wholly eqaitftble or pftrUy legal ftnd partly || eqaitftble, ia ftn estate of inheritance in possession, or oqaftl to ftn estftte of inheritance in possession (other thftn in estftte in joint tenancy), then his widow shftll be entitled in equity to dower oat of the ssme land.": --* - ^ ">■■■;■-:,-,; ■■*--■■'•.■'■■ .' J^ Under this statate, therefore, says 8ir Edwsrd Sogden (c), ** dower ftttftohes on sn estftte contrftcted for, unless it be otherwise provided by the hnsbftnd, ^ the pnrohaser. And dower attaches not only on eqnitable esUtes, bat on estates partly legal and partly eqnitable, if the interest is eqaal to an estate of inheritance in possession. The common nses to bar dower, therefore, vis., a power of app^aintment, ■ — ^ ■ — '■ ' '. . .. , ' m J '^^. — -" (a) Cralaa, irol. 1, p. 174. _^ #- (6) Tv^Ur T. IMOey, 6 Jar. N 8. 701i («j 2 SoK. on Vend. 224, 10th edit ; ^iiaett ob Batates ; ftnrlifiB, 112... , ■ .:.; ■ m":.;- ' -V. , :w. \i \-^':- O ■ lOI ' JUU«, J 11^. 1 -r 6 • ■ *r ■ J^ 1# -«4. t&ihsk^ i»» Vi^ for th. ow«.f . llf., i.i«^ b«^ IntUllj » *rt.to of i»h.riunc in po"-*""' ^t tJco«-«»/.'«» <>«J— . th.t th. *J«t rf «oh UmitaUon U to b« th. wif. of dowr. .-a U»^ «Ml«.tioii would rffcot thrt ohjeot,^ although th« kuthMid ihonM di« wiiod of the fto." ^t ;' H.H. 4»»i«»d to truM-* hor frwhold p«»A« JtaM. rt B, in tiurt, to wooiTo th« «mt., md ai« t^ th.n«^itolio., 4,, of F. a, to tat A. ^nU »d th«. to i.,.~k «».m«Wioo. to kl»- W If ho ihonU dio mndrtf meh tgo, without iMU Utiog rt his deoeaM, Ao., th«i «ioh «»u«»l^ •tio« AouM b. wKo* f« *•>• •"■•" "* '^ 'f!^" ">to whoa (and »» «»• '*• "«""*" «"«'/<7* "> ""* Sftiaed twenty-ooo, then the tnutoos wo» to itaai ■ „,„^~i of the pwmiM. iu tiurt «w him m fee; taTifh. ibmld not louw my i-ue Knug »» his d,o«- 4,., thm th. pr«nis« were to bohdi in 2S A. S. i. f«; .ad tf sh. sbouM not k«. un, i.«to, *.., th»i 0T«. F. B...tU».rf tw«^ iJe. jrfj thrt upon th. d»th of ». 8. wiOtout liw. A. 8. tooJi woqytrirf. artut. m fc^ dotti^ ■*■ ^ -'•^fsi df" /^f .1 /2e(d «aw tli»t fi. 8., the widow q( F. 8, wiililLtW "^^^ to doww DotwifclMUiidiDg ihai g^ * fwr took effect («) A panoa equiubljf enUtled to Unds (fo . • person who lutd not p*id up hi» purelwi* monej or obtained a eon? oytnoe) ereeted » mortgege thereon, oont^inf e power of eele in d*fi«U of >jUJSnt. Tlin p^« of mUi wee not tK^roiMd until ^« ^ ^ » ^ of tlie mortgagor; nfterwnrdi tke widow of lit mprtgngor filed n liiU egninet the pnroliMer for dMrer in the mortgagisd premieet. A deitinrrer theieto Sr went of equity was allowed; dower attaching Ij to auoh eciniuhle eaUtes aa the husband dies IMiaed of J the sale when made having relation to the lime of creating the power, and thereby oTetreaoh- togthe title to dofrer which had in the mmn Unm attached. (6) «: • ."^ : ■;.>.-^^- r:.^..- :^^f^. : . \'' lu equity, bills are filed by dowrefses io obtain Ikeir dow^, but, to aroid objection to the juHidio* tion, it la prudent slso to pray a diacovery of deeds pr the like, (c) T%t was so in the case of Moor t. JBlaek,C9B. Temp, Talbot, 126, and Urd Chancellor Talbot oompelled ibe disooveiy |ind the assignment ^ dower. In tba case of Curtis ▼. (hHU, 2 Bro. Oh. Ca. 620, where tb» title to the dowei" was denied. Lord Chancellor Ba^hnTSt ordered the bill to be HBtain^d, wUb liberty Ut the plaintiff to try h«r righl M -#*' / / >»(a) Smith T. Spencer ttaU 2 Jnr. N.S. 778. ^ Xh) SmUk ▼. SmUk, 8 U. G. Chan. K. 461. le) At to dlscoTery of de«l» in powewioa of t.«na«t,^e *jb!!G£' A *r-- '■♦- • ' rt Uw, tn J Ae Widow toning tttobliBhed her right at liw, Lord Mvanley decteed her the relief prayed. In ike caae of Jfiinrfy v. Mundj/^ 2 Vesey, jr., 12», Lord Longhboro lays dj>wn that if a legal tide, such •; dower, i« oontroverted, itmust be made out at lawj Wt a court of equity will act in Md Of the toUe. A widow filed her Wll for dower against aheneei lif her husband. In orderto tnake out her titteto dower, she was obliged to give in oTidence adeed by which the estate had been conveyed to the person W whom her husband daimed. This deed con- iained a recital that the lepd estate waao^ljrtan^ng in trustees. She also gaye in evidence certain ptdm bf the Court of Chancery, to thew tirtt such w^ Was nustJken. IfeW that $he was entiUei to a 5l«fo- /| xence to ascertain the lands of Which she w«i dowable. (a) , <^ , i. v' A widow having again married, she tnd her hn^ ^ Iwnd verbally agreed with the devisws, that she and V her husband should enjoy ft certoin portion of the estate during her. life in respect of ^er i«»*«^^ iiiemn. JSiW that Oiis WIS binding ofi an interested, as bang an agreement not within _^e Statute of Frauds) and the Court restrained the purchaser of portions of the estate from dtfturbii^ 4e doweress and her husband during her li^Ullme. (^ (ay JRrn^^ ▼. MeNatty, U Ip. PtaUl. %.62,k,0. ; . (6) i«aeA v, 5»«tP, 8 Oraat Chy B. 4«4. T-— -^ -r*^ m "j^*^^-^-*^- '^(fj-iiM^ ^tsi-j A"' ■■ * ^X .«■., N "i'?/,t" ■^*'*.:-i^ OHAP^I^R VX kK.:- mayb* bwndor HOW BOWER MAT BE BARRED OR DBpAiaD. i Jfy Uie 0. 8. Ui €., ohap^ 84^ m. 4, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9 jS?" * • tnd iOy doweif ii»»y be luirreil Toy a manied womaD, 'ISntly (aeo. 4) by joinidg in ft deed or oonyeyaooe of hpda in Upp^ Canada, with ber hnaband in wbiob d^ % idewe^of dower is oontaitied. By aec. 6 a married woman may alto bar ber dower in any lands or bereditamenta by executing eitbir alone or jointly ' wiih otber persons a deed or conveyance to wbicb iier bnsband is not a party, eontsining a release of snok dower. Sec. 6 reqnireH a married woma.n bar- «ng ber dower, by deed or oonyeyance io wbicb ber bnsband is Hot a party, to be ^tnined toncbi«g ber ^ns0iit to be birwd by one of the judges of ibe sap^or fiourte in Upper Oanada, or the judge oi ibd county court or chairman or piesiding magis- trate of the quarter sessions, or two Justuses of tbo peace iot the county in which she restd^ or bap- pens to be. Bee. 7 gives ibe form of tbp oertli^fct^/ See. 8 directs that a married wonum being ^tbin the United Kitigdom of Great Britain apd IreMii or any of , her Majeaj^'s colonies, cflr the United ' StatM, add thwe barring her doweic by any deed or' < conveyance to wbicb ber husband is i^ot a party, shall be examined, as mentioned before, by the ; mayor or chief ma^trate of a city or town, if in the United Kingdom, or if In i^ colony or on# of the \ ^• ■nja }1 ^« ,'. n WT^jFjf/f\'f'''^: f^ V W, :i^ -^ •*• the «.lo^.tlte. Md if .he give. •»•»« ~«"»V „i the L. .ppeaii «o the peno- » ex.ou".g " bf free «>i^m »«» -^ "^.f «* ""^f l^lon, then ««.h p««« .hdl oeHif, « .boT- B^^rMTtobe T.nM»b, the oe-*» «d rf *• eufoTer whioh the, proUe, or^«nd«t ih.j»Jef tkek<Aoa: Andtheceirtifi«iiteo£.,.ig»«»«»ta verified bj fl» «»1 0* *• go'"™"* "^ *?* eeJo»y i« I«!4,£.-irri7;.-» "l-n be «<6c tad to t« >^ h.rdow«(tf theh»ibMd be not . p«t,) wita- the. dinptiou meotioiiefl ebore ete-oomplied with. ieZmght to -* th?^-»tjei.edto.d«dt« ,„,^ die U»l or »Wi. dowe. the«.. to . |«^ -ta«r, thoBgh the Bi^wWteiMBt i«imMd b» »* ni'tia. Sy BO. h«. b^tad. » ^^"^ OM JWe «>kiw«Wgme»t« »f W <>f do»|«r. " »- ^kert* BO«iMe of bod. of*tb« «"•»' ^^ jrtiew ?.t«.t -md, «*« »f *»:fi2i^ rbrfogtb« woteied, »d rflen«rf., b»-8-^ tied, obtained . p-.»t ,nd »«!« • -J* •«''»r! t„t4.»»ep.rty. ifi«.*«'''»^°*r^^. dto di«er to the Und » .he *- ..topped bj the * deed mede befbis the prtent i maed. (<t) -tt^ * *l '? ■. -■t-r-^—f-r-T-r: fin to«i, dttriDg tb6 life time of th* trad^nd, iiiid«r ffij^y ^ wild Iwidi Mseflsnent ao^ deatroyi tM nrf»| ol*«*«»^ the widow of the owner to dower (b) ; Imt dow«^ l> ' -• » (M IWtitMHi t. iKtt, &Owmt'i Chy. B*»^ J0. 8. t. O, wMtIsM, vr otlMrl«i»lrfjiiNMMitMU«f. iiil#eii«»l»«r flketwtf, ««pt, &6. «!»• Ji^ J' !S*iSf-?22JJ^ «Ml» la the BurohMer » eoBtlngent etttte whloheewpe^ wt MriTeolwl mai the expiretion of » jw from ^^ate of 1»MB detori.iiiedth.t>ol»i«ifordMrer Wiy «»»J ™^ «te et the time of the ex«CB6oa of the dej^ oowmjtee d««« the* "tetoeet Id dower ehiai not be wmed »^ STdebt dee to ih*1tl«gf> thel.#)«»4bMe KSttmeto i£e heth* of en whiqh Ookhem yWde Ihrreewia^ijoit dto 5^Se on EcJl IProperty. 4th «d., p, m^; CriOje'e »U STnSl t, p. 177. So# if • debt dne to the Crowii ei*. S^xtlosoiiS • ^ileim to dower, e/ortfor,. f fjSi JSS^l^ ttnalaiMlitv In the shape of Utes eeoeot extnitWe^ l«> SrSeKit^ Btetpe the w!dop> rUriit > ^wei- tojjejjr 3i5%«di#s«elrelfeo«ieleneee. «'• J^wkwcll sp^kUg SSfcteoee to this tery point says '^I^deP^deni ^J Metnte*' tipo« eoamoB lew pdnelples* ehe ie not 5*?*J;*f 1^«r dewerlttsnoti ft eeee. By the; f^^** ^^'T •»lf *^ stetntee in »id of It, dower eottld oely be barred by* difdree « wmcuU, by eloping with «e •df\^'*» ^-Sj ettftindtr of her hosbsmd for treeeOn. by detoimijj tW We JeSXm Ihe h«r. V joiotnre in ••^^^•»iM*2j2 . has been reeogftlted In this eonntiy, the eowrt hoMin| «iat hsf ^ww^tetaSiaiy eesebt or mieoeednot Was nece sseigr to ber hsr right of dower, «id th^no ijt^ '^'J^JSRS # % Miyto 40 9otndL .:; baDd'Bludi. (a) Bo^er irUl belmned if notjmjd for within twenty y^ '?*^ **'*'^^ hosband. (b) ' ' ' ,' . , ^ j ? Whew a ^idow eleet» to tAe what is devjped to W expwMly in Keu of dower, she ii as mnch bound by her elooin i^» court of law as in equity X«); and if ihe husband haye exchanged lapds, and ttw widow elects to be endowed of the one, she is barred of her dow^ ia^he4>thfir. J^ wnnotUve d^ .ittboth. V i a TT It . In an aglon for dower by T. T^ and 8. H., Ws ^life, in lands of the foyper h usband of 8. H., the Oil2rtI!S«istht oomet dlitlnflflloB, which it tliat If ^e Sftfrdower^g » contract tor infendafion. at ihj Tcry St «f £W2U Mid which hinds the 5«*|j *ke "- Vina 5 for If the hii«baii4 could not •Hen duiiiji *he coir<jr- SJeioM to defeat the wife's inftodation. he corfd n<rt SS. •»" ShS chsr^ whtoh would im^^^l Swcfore the irtfo then may hare agoujf^ FJ^SrS ^oe the king's debt does not affect the Inds ; hutlf Ae £5. debt iSts bei:o.e the nM^iage *?•« *»^^f "W.?/ InS^datiou was suWe<* to the burden «f JJ* «f f!" Jjj^ '>7 "'hi > |i7 .^ 5^"^,.^* puy. *«^_«« «S^lJr ?2J^^: ~/i-?' -^ •ri'- /, /A ';^. ^ >- ^i XSr^^^Md a widow's fireebenoh ^f** ■JW,*'* <?iU», 6 U.C.B. 414; 247ic chap. 4a,s.lB, •^. >. 3sss5it::^r ^^^^WfV^'^i" ■ ■ *"■ '.^ m-- 'fi.-y* defbiiauit pleftded a leleue by 8, H. «ftir iotioD^*|S^ brought, mod an examinttidn i^d certifloaie by ♦^oggJJ justices of tbe peace accor^jing to the ptovifioiip of **»*^ 8 Wm. IV., oh. 9, (C. S:i}. G., cb. 84, s. |^ fftld, on demnww, plea bad ; for that statute is poi^ sizeable to this easei but theiexamination and cer- tificate should ha?e been sdohis are lequired ^ <*« 87 Geo. nt, 6h. 7, or 60 Gei m.,.ch. 10. And 7 ^»re irh<iher a^ease^^withwit the husband's cftn- oumnoe, could in aby case (j^tffectual to bal the ^, / Tietioh: ;<^^ This jtwew wag resolved in » caw - ietweei the same parties, decided the nekt year, to ihe effect that a woman, under a seconcl coverture, tt^dt, without her husbands concurrence, release . her right to doWer in hinds of her ftrftt husband j imd jii«r» wheiher she could release this right by a ionveyanoe in accordance with the stij^t^tesfbr ena- bling marri^ women to alienlte their Ml estate. >^ An action was brought in ^ names of lihsb*?>d |nd wife fcr dower claimed by tbe wife in ihe^ptida ^her first husbAnd* After action brought the wife ezeduted a rdeaae to the defend^t of her right^ and fwentbefiiHre a judge of a county court, and obtained a certificate of her examination and consent accord- ' ;^g tQ the pnMaions of 60 Geo, III:, ch. 10. Held, jthat siteh release was no bar to. the action, being without the consent or concurrence of the husbandi: and not-beiing a conveyance for any purpose contem- plated by the different statutes for barriog dow^r. (S) (a) .HMMwrv. tFJtooa, 9U. a a IB. 460L U}l^ Howard t,Waton, lOU. C. Q. B. IjB6. > - - % ><,^^ ► .-•« ,' V • rr, '■i'l, I: \\ % ■ Y, ■ i M. tglk ' id the bnd in ly.tptMMh' ^ tbia l*«d t© ^ .uiM ifr**"-- »^^®?'^ *«»«•*• •nd j^peitedi oMWeiyanoe ft»»^ ;/! ijiouted # d#li4^ t<, W.;ofaU;i)BrdyiK»i^«l»;^^ 1 'llifrf^lw^^n annexe to or fludorfed on i^^J ^ S^^^ ifi^ (iiaming the c^ ! ^Jji^A^ on ibew ple^^ deniMidaiiil most «iJS' notiriaurtA appawnt injoitioe of • Ijie caai rfor the fdeaae was void^^cwM i^aid did not jcAtf in %. (fl) . -| .^,:.^ i 1 - iti4^ "^"^ ia no Ui^ ihe aotdii. (6) Attaiiiiaf **^ !1 * if .doire^ (Bao/Abr. tit. ^D^Ov"^,**^^ li«Und M»een pardoned, yet the wifejOioaldiK^^ liave dowerj, hilt of land parchased by thalius^ | aflerthepardpn, the wife BhaU^be ^^frj^' 891; pac. Abr. tit Power, p. 121 1 6 &6Edw.^ JL. yJi UeOm ▼. Squire, 18 U. C. a B. 650. % «' I'll'; ,.'^'.V- ." ■;';•' "'■' ^■^'^ xiiv ":-'M ^■■\^ noi \ A' \. ' ■ . - :; J ■■■ijA ' ' t ■ ■ . ;,.— fe*' .*:V1 I'- J ij^ ' If aWOTpal'i^e ttlMiiUa <^t«iiww JtlJSIt gillie wiU Uiereby iriw W dow«f, bat if ggjf^ ,.Jii5^o may Am <Um»nd it, though Iw? ha*- n^iili ] ; Iwd: Bhoold hare alioMfl 1m» lM»d in th^ fit whe»ihiiiiiiHi»«»* >• remoTed^haiW*pMi<gr to he endowed i» w»tOTed. Cwl«'i DigeBl^v^. i, AiridoW*! tiWe t« dwer befofe Mrigntieirt, tl-l • though not te{«tirfei»WeiitcoinBiQi|law^mif hethe jMibjeot of sale and oonToyanoe in equity. (6) And* wheie a party agrees to <Jonvey property, he ia bound ^ ^ todoBofbeofd^lwet; or if the wife wiU ^et bar bet dower, thtnip conv^ iu^eot thereto wUb wi i 4h^tement in the puxchaae moneyr (5^ By a •eltlement made on the iwiage of an adult female, it waa deola*^ that in ^wideratiqn of the . y Intended marriage, and " for providing a eompetenfe j<tottW and provision of maintena!MJe''fJ)r the W^ iiid iflwe of the marriage, the frther of the huabwid 1m4 paid Mm je8,(Wriaa^ that %|Jgpto ^.h.^ the P#^**^S^ V after the miniagc^ ^/W settled W pusp lor tba ; JMueiit of Wmiein S ^^^ t»^^ *«>» «^v ^ *^ 4Bi«liage. During the eotertuM the koahandlwiiht'^^^ certain landi^irhioh ^ B«bseiqplent^y aoW to> pw- ^ V i duHMtf, fWm whole iteviaees the defendant p|Be^ with notieo of tjie aetUem^t The huahwid 4^^, *e A^ iwitiiout aatiafying ihe ^ni^o * ^ >^ the ip»^^ w A Irfv. '»**iirt»»w"W" (a) Co^onLit 41«,892&!! t'v*vV"' , ] mormon ■\ ..^;*- T, !■ .( : ■^/•-.■. X • X> '^" ■' \ t-s^ Ibr aoww out of W HniM m mk, BeU, that bet right wtl birwd by tbe iettleiiieii^ ind tli»l sb« b«d no lien on or rigbl ^ rowrt to tb« lindi for tbii (MtiBfaetion of tbo »monDt dno on tb« bond. J>!fhf t. JB«icfttff, 2 DoO. Mto. ft G. 209; 16 Jtir. 989 J 31 L. J. Cb»no. 906. If «n »aoU Udy eontnct* to •ooopt any given tbing in tttiafaotion of ber dowers she muit take that tbing witb all its fanlta and aU ifii ^^^M$* £«r Lord St Ltenard's Cl*n.^ wife A marriage aetilemetit made pjrotfefon for oat of real and personal eatote, and 'declared tbat anob proYiaionira»in.liett of dower or Ibirda. Held, tbat tbe widow waa not only barred of ber dower> bnttook no inteieat in ber intestate bnsband's esta^i under ibe statute of diatribat^ona. (a) . A. b/ marriage articles ia bound to pay bla wife;, if abe anrnvea bim, jei,500 in full of dower, tbirda^ cnatom of liOOfloii, or otberwiiBe out of l|ia real and personal estate ;\ A. dies intestate ; tbis bars tbe wife of ber share by.^e stotute pf distributiops. (6)' Where a wSl ^pressly declares tbat what is given to tbe widow isinteiided to be in lien of doWer, and where the wi^ accepts it, she is bound by her election whether at law or equity (c)| but wlMM » will devised, an annuity to a wife ^' upon condition of b^nokingno claim upon the residue;" Mddy^ -'. — - f ■"■ ' ' . , \ . '■' • — 1 . ■; ... ",. , ".i". ' ' }y\ . U) Thompson y/ Watttf 2 Johns ft J^. 291 ; 8 Jor. K. S. . 760 ; 6 L. T. N. S. 817. (b) Davilar. Davila, 2 iTeirn. 724 ;| Jiffwoti r, Silfat § , 1 Vera. l^gilMnrfy >. Widmore, 2 Ve|pL 709. ., ^ ^BiU,8ir.C.Q.B. ■■■■ ^y '■' » J ^ im-' . V-'-t ",'.''^/ •*^, k &: fSM W •nUae^ 15^ Mynmty tnd illo to^ 4ower (a)' ■^■; v^-V^"-" ■': '^r:'-' :''*'"' ^' ■■/ '* ■' Adultery w > bwr of dowar j ind •▼en where » wotfMn deperta from h^r hweUnd'e hooee in oooie- * qneooe of hie oroelty, yet under 18 Mh* oh. 84, by adnltdry, without reoonoUiaUon, she foiffeits her dower. (6) • ■;■.■■■• )\''''": '.''.■"■ '^ '"■■ i Alienage ie ft gobd bar of doWer where the oUim •rose before the 28rd November, A.©., 1849, 12 ^io., oh. 167, tint since that period aliei|« have beenv entitled toehold property with ecjnal rights to British Wl)|jects i^except as to voting),* privilege not so- eordyi in Great BnUin, where an alien can only Iffld lands fo^^^ ' ' in the State of New Ybik no alien can pnrohase teal estate until he has decftgred Jiis intention to become * citisen pf the UnitfA StaWs. Tie foUow- :ing is^e law^:' ^"^^^':. '. •".;, .,,: • v ' ■ ; ■. : * ' ' Sec. 24.— Revised S^tnte of New York, Part 2, Gh. 7, Art IL— Any alien who has come, or nnay hereafter come, into the United States, may make % deposition or affidavit in TO^ng, before any officer intboiiaed to tike the pr^Spdeeds to be recorded, that he, is 4-^dent of, ani?intcnds always to reside v;; .VI .t* %. ll U l ' l 'H i p l ••4fm*m. ' (d\Wsth^eUr, W*ikerai,S3nx. N. S. SU; Pickmng V. 5<Wor* « ▼«■• »«^v "15 • ■ „ r, *. (b) Wo6ihi>ard\. Powie,tWC,B, N. S. 7?2f 8 Jm v:d.m. ; ^ *" / it (e) A deTiwi of real estate to trustees in tirust for att„ alien is not ▼oi4«#nd the court iriU enfoyce the exeeQtJ|aA of the trusts foTOe benefit of the Crown.^ Barr»if^^ Wadkin,_Z Jar. N. 8. 67»^ •Jl|Jj(f»<« ▼• ^<^*'y» ^ Jur. ' N. 8.410. ■ ■.•..■><. '. ■" ' ' " ■ •"'^ > :■■'" . .-4 a " . V iKS- jt ■9N "T '# v .^, !)> ■^<3W^ ^ W •te .^ ■■k- -c ifllliseiiili0i«€l| , and that h«1iMltk«a ^^^ ilM kwt of th« UnlU4 ^^ .^«..w ^ •«•«• Wm *o obtain .atMalifttio^^ vliioh ahiU lie ottrtUUd hj rooli offioer, and bo AH •iidiiKH)rdodl^thoiW*tafy<rfii|^ H * b« kept by Wi for tl«t ptir]^ Aiit*ii!* «W tifieate, or a oertifled O0py th«e^ ihaU be «f »a^«« of tbe ftieU llii^i W!#^ir _ _^ : _1 _ _ See, 26— Any aKen wMlibin «e aid mike Mel^ deporiaOD, aball tbereepon tKiiathoMed aad en*. ^bM to take and bold bode and wa> «i||^te, of iMMf kind ^r^vt^ w«;, JIJ^^ «Ter, ind may dttring eii^enr'lbefeallef, eeii, aingo, inoftp^je, ^vvmi JOij^ dlepcpe of th* »me in any manner ailie might; Of #lm do if he^pem » 4jf^ native eitiien of ito eteto orHf the Cfnite&'Btol^ ^ except thit no tnoh alien ahall ht'w jwwr ^|p^ '• or dmni«e wy *e>l «•»•*• w^iobh^gp^e or ■ bold by Tiflill l^<Wr>*^!^ ^' «r hoidifit any.lande or teal e«i^U, w}de% may tote 4 deMeoded or been devised o? oowOyed to bim pre- Tionaly to his hiving become such resident, and »|de%aelk depoeiaon or aAmuitioii as afoi^id. IHIor oi^Beal SslatOi p. 32. - ;, I>ednue of chwrteM by the widow is a bar of dower. : In an action igainst the heir, bnt not agwnit a atoaftmr* bttt isoh detainer is no har for more kndv »." .' '•'-^S- ■-"■■-* ^f::» % '*>' ..*>,.■*• ■ ; \ c»<^ iM^' -^ ^ ohwrt^ pontiln, tnd if the widow be «»». ^JJ^J;^ OMik '; W^: 00nte, the may detain tbem for the infant (o^ ' Bigamj is a good bar to dower alio, andp ii a ^force a vincuio im<'ttr{moniu ; (itei AMI eeii» ■W' nay b* bMirtdor * (•) Park ott Dow«r, 28ft, 2W ; and Me port f oma of ' Fleaa. \> ^ /... A . ">„ > w* f yft / 7 rmfn % ■ " n> *; '..■ X- ^^ * ■>. m .•■'; ; , • »»., ''•• . • ■ ■ , V ■ » "•■«.tk.., „,** ■ ,' ••■ / X . '■ ^ ' ' ■ ■ :- ,^" • ^''^l OH ipTER VII. THE MBA8URB OF DAMAQKS IN DOWER, (a) Whtre th« hmlmiid of ft wotaaii i« seMed of tn eatoto of inberitonco tod dies, the wife ihall h*ve ihe third pwt of »U the Undi wd tenemente whereof he WM seieed it any time daring the coTertore to liold for the time of her natural life. C^) . "A dowrees/' laja Mr. Park (c), "hatin|^ no sight of entry tOl her dower ia aaaigned. oannotfif ftn aMignment ia refoaed^ maintain a poBi^Ji«)ry aO' tion." In England the legal remedy to enforce an •nignment of dower, is by a writ of dower vnde niha haba, or by a writ of right of dower, npon which if the obtaina judgment, dower ia assigned and ejectmept may then be brought, (d) But if either of these remedies ^ resorted to, the writ of dower w»de nihil haU i^ much to be preferred, beoause by the statute of MirUm (g)/ihe dowress (•) 8«dgwiok on the meMare'of Damage, p. 12» «< ••t- 1 :^(6) Blaek. Com. Book II., oh. 8| s, 4, l^ . ^ (e) Pwfk on Dowor, 288. -■ ■\^'' ■ ,_ (lO Doe i^att T. KutU 2 C. ft P. 480. A ^dow before uiiimm^t of dower has not woh sn i»t«'^Mn^e la«d If wSoh.li0 if dowablo. as to bo ir^moTable f^m the jlriS In whiob tho land »-• .^^^^ll***^!:?. ^52"^ VfoML Bassott 2 B. A C. 724, Bot a ™>V «:;! !? dowe? bofote assigimont, althongh not trMsferablo at 2j:mon'*i;" may*b. the -^'^if J^S^ "J T^X° • Inequity. Mom^, 8immtrman,iQn^Qhj.&' o^ ^ M Qwd vidua qua pott mortm vmrum tuorum ofOr huUwd$dotibu» tmh « <fe<- f*^ «><< gttaf<n<mttw <aa« j^rm d»m»g«i for tbe non^ignment of W^ dower. This act give* daougea to widowi who^^ caM noi have thiir dowr without pUa. Lord Coke iayt, (loit. 82 b.,) " It ii neooewry for tbe wife after the dooewe of b»r buflbind, m ioon M •he can to demand her dower, before good teeU- Bonj : for otberwiae ibe maj by hflr^wn defaul^ loae the valiie after the decease of her hoaband, and her damages for detaining of her dower; for if she bring a writ of dower against the heir, and the heir oometh into oourt npon the summons on the first day and plead that he has ^een always ready, and jet is to render dower, &»., if the wife hath not Mqaested her dower, she shall lose the mesne valoe and her images ; but if she hate requested her dower she may plead it, and issue may be thereupon taken. And the case of Dobton r. Dobwny 0^ Temp. Hard. 19, ead 2 Barnard K. B. 180, aooordi with that " The damages in these oases are »o<»«d- ing to the value, not of the Und but of tli^nt.'' v Hall M. S. .8. Cq. Let 82 note 5; ^j^Wpir the lands are leased for years before marriage, the wife wai recover dower, not according to the value of the laud, but according to the rents, and it follows th^ if the rent reserved was nominal, no damsges, or Ii^w man poMuntntuplMcitoi quod attiewiiue de/oreiaverit miri tui obierint tmUi et iptct viduct potUa per plaeUum retu^ Tint reddant S^dem 9iduit damna tua tetUeet valorem «Kiim dotit H$ eoHtmgeiUude tempore mortie virorujn euorum utqmt mddiem quo ipece vlAiaiMrvii^ww ««»ria df rtcitgtrMermt, ; ..,. ";-;"y^ ^ ", ,';■; ^;;^/,/;.> ;.:a ••■ .' ^''■■€',: ...*i ^■>-. ▼H y<-i' «^. 'M.y ■'" J '■*.■ ■ .."''■' ':IP»1*«"^ ti«t j|s/^ lic^ji^ i^ cii be wcoreM In ■ihe wse of MUi^Y^ fiitchenit (ct) one B. H., in SftV- . 1679, itevwedthat if hiB stock and credits abroad i 9^)iild not be snffioient for payment of his debts and legacies,, tbi^ hi$ exeet^ons should pay the same ont of ihf rwiti and profits of bi» teal e*tate^ and where Relies and legacies were paid^ detised his ml estate to his son, G. H. in tail, with remsinder orer, .and shortly irfleriM»^i«^ 5 *^® executors enter on the u^ ^tate; ^.«l. married the plaintlft SyW' ▼eetra, and di^ iii 16^1^ Wt»e the d^ P«id and before he had im| possession. ^^^^^^^ ^^ phontiff SylveBtra reooteied ber dpwer and £227 for damages. The damages |3|0^ con^puted firom the time of her hnsbwid^ deiih, but ibe.«febto "^ tiegaeles, were not paid nnUl 108^ ; jWd it was held that as to the damages it. 1irasca*rie^^ back, and that she onght to hate had daiiufi^ but ftom ^ the time of debts paid and trusts performedj. Ijie statute 4 Wm. IV. o. 1., s. 44 } (X 6,,tJ. 0, ch. 88, s. 18, fixes the limit for which damages may be recovered »t six years. "% arrears of dower tioraany damages^jcoount of such arrears, shall be recovered. or obliSSi by any action or suit, for a longe? peiiod than six years next before the com- mencement of such* action or suit" t*) In the Btste of New York the Umit is the same, via. »x ^A ft « v-< (aXSUchtm r. HUehmu, 2 Vbrn. 408; Prio. in «*/• %tSr ^SSrWgest, v<»L L, p. 167 ; Park oaWen 260 iH^fh^ BSmford i,Bar4ff>d,^ Hm» 208 ; Dart on Tend. .-rVJ 9 ■.♦•■ .9 'ma A \''' '-*•■. \-.-»'':- '■i Ld.l •I- ',,,•. (,',' *■**;' ( J toay • lower > all be for a I com- '^ «>vl ftr»26a «%j fioi> W estimated however for [the he«j? of M^ - ,nan«|iit improveienta made afte^ the death of the biisbaiid by hia heirt Pt by ot^rj?en|oiia,e^ And now In Caiiada, by^ 40 thel«wia^^»t^B»aohtolhe>ett^^^ So^* ^Jnoir 2, of fWJ. ^'relating to'&e dtt^ of oom. vh^men a^poitit«d U^ lay ojii.attd aaaig^ • dowdi> ' %«idB aa 1^^ Biioh m^aaureifient ihey iWl ■ taktftjnto ii^'Mv^^^^ ^rderl^aiiigtiliU ' ' rinceihedi^the hortMwl of la* ' ^ ^ linoe the tiffl^ftttatteh land! i^ tny peiaon drlpKnia by the a»#^ 6f aaid hns- . Itok, or.by titie derived throngh;^/^^^^^^^^ -"• tloable> BhaH award M^ impwfemcjtit^^^^ thak H «K^ of ilie landa i^t ifllotted to w^ widowy and if^ . • ^ not praodimble 86 to ftW* ii» »^"J{ . w iiniio ri dedttotidn fto» the laoda allotted to anch -In^^ded^liiihel^ ^"^ ;> Ife. Sedgwick's work it appears that Chancellor Ken* and Mr. ^iisttce Bt?rj were divided in opinion as F to &e ^omvnm'^^^'^''^ '*' ^''^^ ^ but it is . " • to # hopod «^» i^ no doubt how U 8hon|d be ciaottkted in ihis' eo«^ as ihe law appears el^ pBc^' 1^ ig^ion having only lately come into^ 'i '- " -'■'■>■ - •■' '•" i' " '^i - ■ til (aySedgiriok/on DamagQS, laU •'■V -' ■>f:\ -iv^- ' ■■• 1 . - ' :,» , " ■■ - -. 4 ■> %> »■■ ■ ■ ■ ■' I * > 'i 1 ; , - i *» . „ ■" • - .* • " , «■. _' , ■_ - 1 .»■..... f % * ■ ; 4 . ;■ ■» 1 W,^^r-^: *^ *^ ■, t- ... ■■ « ■ ;-i ^ ' 1 1 -■ - •".«•- - . ... 1.. ■ ■v ■ ■ j^ ■ 1 ■ !- .?,>.■ - , X'- ,'^"-'- .J ',-;-,' ■ \ L^^^^ H^glMl >x n.,^ •> 0^1 t SntttSit ^^^^^* there Klf e aa yet been no decisions upon the sabjeot^ ' ■.."■. ■•-■■■■•-■■: ■ -j- .'::•'.::- But section 17 of the same statute provides dis- tinotlV/^'In eBtimat|fig damages Jfor detention of dower, nothing shall b^ allowed for the use of pefw manent improvements made after the alienation bji . or deadi of the hnsband of the claimant" In Smiik v. M^tan, (a) the rale as to d^niages was laid down , asioilows,'* That the damages to which she (t. «,;i the widow) was entitled only frbm the time of da»- mand madey should be calonlitted upon the avera^^ value of the lanpl duriDg that period irrespective «§ improvements made bj -tenant; and that the allow anJBe to be paid Jo her, should be estimated upon i conlj^tatioQ of ' one-third af the occupation vklue oi the grotind onlj without the buildings. (6) Thf measure of damages to which the dowress may hi^ entitled, diibrs apparently iik some particulars in aV^' action against the heir of against the feo£fee of heir husband. As against the hjeic she is entitled ao- cording to the value of the land at the time of the assignment of her dower, though the heir has ijn- proved th^ land by drainage, &c., Or hi^th erected buildings. But against the feoffee, it is said, dower shall be as it was in the seisin of the husband ; fm the heir is not bound to warlrant^ except according to the value as it, was at the time of the feoffmen^^ and so the widow would recover more against the feoffee than he would rkiover in value, whieh JM <* '^a) 7 U. C. L. J. 268 ; ill appeal 20 V, CQ. B. 211. * (6) do. Lit 32 a ; Eawle oil Covenants, 888 ; J%«mj JTorrOv, 5 8erg. ft Rawl, 289. .if not T0 Draper B.80e per B% record, from j (Byek " In I '/^t tl elaime ^epli limthc served servio ^ '80 as ' uadei iaui ] the^K of tl ihe^^ — ^ hudbi final and r.Bt AtUU i«<r ■!H ■■*:' l» ■ ' i . *: "'-:i^^m>;' \ fc: ' ■ - ^^^^ tBe -#'■ ittlie ch if I^:tI • ' ''"' ■'.#'""1 1. t * ■ i ■■^, ■:4',.-v. i^v^'. I Dpwm^ 1nS9««.. B. 806.) Where the husband dies aeisea : tembl^y per Bums, J., that if this were aitggested on ihf woord, the tenant would be entitled ip /damage*, from the Wfoing of the writ and tocoite also. {Byekman y. Byeknutn, 16 U 0.^ 0- B. 266.) ^ In a dedaimtlon iin doWer, there wiui no^veTmeni, that the hui^Bd died seised, and no' damages wer^ claim«d--plea tmi tenq>» ^wi^the jury found for il« pbintiff, aud la. damages. Held that the dam- "SsB must be struck out. Where riothinfe appears ^on the record to riiei.^ ^ a de^.^ dower was served: Sembk, that the master <^iitiot tax eostfrj'//' ^^ Qumre, as to the proper mode of shewiwg that a ' service aSNlmand was « made appear on the trial/^ . soasto^^tle the demandant to ooiits under ISA U m 0p^M, s.'5. (a) Ti) a count in dowpf undcf^thf Statute of Merton, the tena^ P^^^* tout tempt priky the demandant replied a dem^d. and refusal to render dower, before the i^uiug out 0« the writ J *• whiih the tenai«> rejoined by a traverse of the demand. The issue baving been found for the demandant. Mm that sbe was entitled to dam-^ ages^ to be computed from the decease of her ,huflban.d. (*) A suggestion may be entered *fUr final judgment tiiat the landlord died seised of lands, and enquiry shufl go concerning the damages silMJe ^'. I >i .y y » C "St 'S ■.Mr •gr^'if' iHiUm "ft» (a) Dam* t. JfeiVa*, Trhi. Term. 4 & 6 Vie. ; ^^P^^^ And^TMon t. Jfairiott. 2 U.C. L.J. 198. |ar> c« !;,„i in»»lWi»- ''\l^ til ■ h lalMMPMw ^ * * ^' > ' > - ^ Iff! tliA aeil|t]!^^aI0Mngti t1i« tentnt be the aUenee of the heir, (d) * After Jndgpient of ■eiiin in dower on » wrifc of enqnii^^^ the meene Talne of the premiees, between the death of the hmband and the obtaining judgment, ■hould be aasessed. Demandant may alio wmtm aa.damagea her taxable eoete in obtaining judgment of. aeisiny executing the writ of Aoft. fue, tMtnam, and her neoeeaary travelling expenses in- ouned in proiwouting her suit. (6) The demandant's residence on the premises, in the family and at the expense of the heir at Uw, for part of the time be- tween the death of her husband and h^r recovering judgment^ is not admissible in evidence as a set off to her damagee for the detention, though proper to go to the jury in mitigation, (c) ij^rrit of exeou* tion for damages and costs in dowi^iras 9%t aside, damages being neither claimed ia the declaration tfof awarded in the jnd|^ent (<^ ' In dower, the demandant is entitled to damages only when her husband died seised. (0) But where the husband dies seised, unless the tenant pleads tout tempt pri$t, the demandant may recover damages without setting forth or shewing a demand* (/) Where there wmi BO suggestion on the rsobird thai the husband. died seised, and tenant j^leaded 1. ThtA he is and alwayt »ii i in I in I I,";- . (a) 'Bobinit w. Lt»i$^ JJra. »«pd^%: (6) R^inet ▼. Itti^, Dra. l|«p. 260^; T. ^te««, Sas. Te«*^ r ^B^^^S^^r^fW* ji. - ^^r:^ f>,.' 7 ••■ «*r« t'J- 1^ ■«.', ■(>' ■■ li 'w, ■■ /. > • 4 Ni' n HO^BI. '^^' luus been ready to render dower ;, 2. Tout tempt prut jg^J^ and a tender of dower and refusal before a«don «[ brongbt. Replication io first plea, prayiog judgment of demandant's dower to be assigned to her ; to siboond plea, a demand and refusal by tenant, tMl rejoinder to wbieh was demurred to. Meld that upon this record there .could be no assessment of damages (a). In another case, the issue beiap whether Qiere was a demand of do#er to ei^ti4i deniandant to damages, she proved an actual demand of the heir, who was an infant.' Htidy that dower waf demandable of the heir, though under fourteen, and tliat the not assigning dower, though the infant did Qot refhse to do it, but was preyentied by his guar^ dian, #a$ a refusal in law sufficient to entitle plaintiff to damages. (^CorteUia v. CorseUUf Hil. 29 & dOj Car. 2, C.B. ; Sellons Prac. vol. 2, p. 2X0). (a) Mawktkaw n. Boigm*, 9 U.G. Q.B. 71. f f9 Q^/i f7J r. F4 ffV. < f 'jUj: w ft - ' ««.*■• " if: t ■i ft* V - * « «» '•i^ >*'!» * - V * '^ * ^ ( «\ .■i^^i ■ I ,1. Ui. *4f \ ''' 'i>»'^. ^-^ 'I' rV.^- /^,V •'''■^' ' - ,i rt ^ .- ,-*^ '" , "? ':?*;^ t » * *-it C •'" '.V"^ ^ ^ St f -^ »^ .1. • ' ' ' '"^^, r -^r. t J J^ ' ii / 1 J0' .'■A' ,'■.' ':/;"v; .. t \' 10^ ^>' ■ -S a;.'- V' :x. y^ 0H APTEK y JH, m 4 ,1 lar' >!' -; «*• l^ ASSIGItfMENt OF DOWER y^l tFiitJl the f reeise portion of land whioli the l«ldoW 18 to hftV<9 fOT ller.dpwer ie aasigned to her, ahe c«n? nbt enter ibto it nor maintain a poseessory action to teoover it (a)j ftndby tfce 24 Vic. ch'. 40, 8,1, ^« Whenever a. widow's right to dower shall have v ". .been establwhed in an action for that purpose,?* she vmay-sne otot a writ of afeigntoenfr directed to the . , sheriff of tfie county where Ihe knds He; which "wri^ is to..he^ the fomhithe ^ Canada, (h) 't:,:-, ■:^,,j^:,',::j:^'^^^ "-' JUnle^ therejfore the jjatties can agree atiiongst theniselve^ ssio the widow's portion, resort mdst be had to the assistance of the sheriff ; and' now when ° ^V0n the right is admitted, the pnwitce i» altered by ihe 24 Vit), ch. 40, a^ 1 5 bnt still th^iskimant mnst t^tt to the sheriff who appoints c<»nipi6sionef8 i# itt<^i« ||M lands, take evidence, report td the jfcertfl whp rep<^ ^ tihe:c6nrt, and either party if ^ilisfSsM? *% «Ppe*?t ^^^ ha^je it done all over If afker ihe JndgBieni in dower, lli<^iiifiriff^^^ ^ give the deihaiidant seisin of he* third part, ''iiik. V'i>- ay Doe NuU\. IfutU' a C * p. 480 ; R<m V. ^mwf^ iMn, 8 GBMt's Chy. B. 69g ; <5o. pn |At. 8T». ■ 1a '*■ A^^ '^0^ % '»% u ■. HOWIE.. ibewing in oerteio tlie pato^Ii, althongb she refuse §f^^J™ to receive it, jet f he may enter at any time after, jg*"* "« \ because tlie certainty appears/ But she shall not hiSr^ an alias Aa6./ae. MM. (») • -s* -. , ^ If a sheriff mtkt an Improper or partial asaign- meiit of dower, a court of 0^«ity Will grant relief, and iMrder %1oew wriib of 9^11, and that the lands be divided into three parts; aiid to; choose by lot (6)| . and inimotlii^ case on it liiliicltiti^ing partiality and excess the court set aside tjie ipeignment. (c) Unless hindered ty thie jl^^itja*!^^ of the propetl^, or the ^tu)r6 b| the tenancy therein, ihe wilioir ifura r^t |o hir^ her^d^er assigned to her in s«V«*al|y '* by ii(|t<i ^^ (d) v ^ Aiid ;i^i .m some xsii^ ^ere t^ husband wa^ sole seisedy |be infb^shidt^t^^.^ sover- alty by meteft and bouuds. Aa^r example if a man ^ed of lands int fee Idok^jn wi^ «nd enfeoffed eight persons, 8 of do^et ^W^if^tight against thesk^'. eight^persons^ and two confess^ and the other six pleaded in bar and dfp^li^iy the demandant ■haJlbm jwlgDMntN^^^ recover the third part of two parts ef tjit^nij,!^ eight parts to be divided } and after th«» issue beib^ found for the demandant againit the slx> Iho^eniaiidant shall have judgment against them for thjl third part of six parts of the ^3 Dj. :^ Wi Park on Dowo^ 889; Co. oft Lit noil /{b) Holf 1^ J3i%,l Vernon 218. ;^^^^;^^^^;:v I ; («} ^tujfdt. Sneyd, 1 Atk. 442 ; Park on Dower, 272. 4> f (A Fiirl^on Dower, 261 ; Co. on Lit. 84b. The words ^i* Coke ate "openly doth didare Oe qmaa^ asd^thil^ .^itaMyofi^iand."' -K .4:^'. ': \- ■-^: '■--:: •-:^i ,.fiS- "!: '*^ "'■["J'-'r. ■-."' ■ -• '■ V V f ■■ * k ■ ■'■■ ■ ■■''■" ,- ". M •■ ■-■ '.;-■ ''A *"' ,' (V '■■'■■-■■ »?- f .<• ■':< a"t ,>M ,.•',■ :^^- tll-' I wOWMB. i. iji: :'4^l gwjr^ iim«i lan^^ in iii^t pwi* to ^ difidt^J. tfliei* tlie 2Lff«(| |w»li»tid wa» iWied.m oommoB, tbete t^ 'wife can- ^^ not be endoiwd by metoi »n«i bbundg. (oj ^ If the sheriff doth aot return <*|Ni^iiMlw »< hmt- Am" it if ill. unleM oertein floiii'^ire iMlgbed by Of Mine i^oper^ (^tiwi 4il»ife|ljl tt %^^ |i qiAke Ml MWgominl by asefa* iiilboik!^, beoeuse 1^ nature of the thing it^ if i^ «wb • qiiaHty ihat no diTieibn oan be Made ^f i^ % widow theire- ^ra moiffc bo endowed in » «]^<da)[ mpiiner. Ai of» bafTO the tiiiir(d ■k- ;■',..-'- ~'i.;- '\M^!'i:. vt. m fhe imay bi^To the Oilrd tj^ip«l|i^i or she may be fWedV?*k« «»*»• aiitt '^^^'t <***^ month, (c) In imoM cd«it iwi #^ whether a woman ;' ^a be^ eip4<)**d of* qsuun^, beeanae H eonW not le ii^ded l^ in^ t?id bkn^i ; and it wia ^r^oed li :Si^:#' keeni>M^^|n ^Um ▼.„ i^, «»«* ^^ ':::::%tiu^ h doirabl« <^^ «Bd other wSam («) ; and i|il «iwt itt ipttOtii^^r tie mode ef Iwsignment by :S''iJiy^eiii; ma^ ^;li'Wi BO* abw^iitely neoe»ary ifcil^ ^l(»glM ili^ a^ oif ikio.,op«« "»">% ^^: ■''^ ^^ V:. .•:■:■ I*"- -"^'C^rli'f ''^■■■*^'' »'j * < % ■, ■'•! ■v,-^^' ' ■:;;;^\r:::»:'- "'■■i'- ".'/> .' „: ,, - #},--■■ ' i :7 •■. .V' '.' I^ ■ lie flhoi shonldj mtne(|^^ to btl'i whioh the enj after n nate en briokk separat mentl right U it Been '■::Mt '■-■^.ic c - tked by • J. ' potcnble beoaoM quality IT thettt- Am tf • may Iw lih. (cy wonan )iild not ^ Hitt r «); and meat by B' flon* ntof ■ II ''-5-, ■ ■ ' ."^' 14^ "' -i^^' -.,.„* ■ ' ' ■ ■ ,"" "■'-- '"i ■ '. ' '■•■■" -■■•.■,. -'v„ '»•■■ » ^\ •# Ihe ungnment to the widow/*de8oribing them ipMi-^^^^** tio»iijf if ih>e particular lands in which they ehonld n«>>t lie sfaoald npt also be assigned ; but if those lands thooid be. uiclttded in the assigfiment, the open minei within -them, might, bat were not necessarily to be lib described, being part of the land itiself • which was assigned. Or the sheriff might divide the enjoyment of any of the particular mines as after mentioned/' ^e. by directing separate alter- " nate enjoyment for short periods. Mines, quarries, brick kilns, lime kilns, coal oil wells, &o,, are not separate inheritances, bat merely the mode of enjoy- ment of adman's own land: and whoever has th'e~^ ^ right to the soil, has a right to the profit of it; and it seems that although a third part of the profits ! Ottly is assigned to the wife, she shall thereby have the fr^huid of a third part of the hereditament it«^ (o) , { Ipr. Pari appears td think that in making an as- i^piment by tht sheriff, the one third of the widoif is to be ipeertained by reference to a general esti- mate of the anniail valae, and this annual value if to be estimate as it was at (b«time of the death of J .'-tiie husband. :"v^ .;',, ■^:'''-.:,--.'. .:""">' v./; ! :V% ^4 Vic. ch. 40 if the owner of land acquiesces 1^ in an Outstanding claim for dower, the commissionem ipminBt take into consideration any permanent improve- iljents made by the tenant upon the laqida since the V death of t|ie husband^ or i^nde the time of his alien- atioiii ip^ fll^ tea^int, or if- this be im- •' .'r ,..11.11. i ri. iii I i i 'li i t i ; \ i y'Mf i> >,;^i i , "„'.'.]» ' ' ' " 'i j ' i". ' '' „ ■ ■ ■ ' .~ ;, 60^1^ en:^^J^^ 8|,.iiote («) 149 (*), :^-. * # ■'^:l:,.:-- i.' :''?}i< "i'l ' )\ ■ ^ ^ '1 . ■'. liiiiiL ^i '■"'. II-;.: : ■■ - \ ',1 " -I •■, "'''.■'■ /,.■"■'■> ."'' .;■■ ... » • ' ■ ; 60 * .1 Boini* ..'- '..»-'•. . '-■■*■ .«'. jy imwlMiila ^fy nml SMke a dednotioii from the widow's portion; and he?e is a clear distinotion inade between parties willing to grant the widow |i«r rights, ahd those who resist them. In the first ease the annual ?alae is estimated as it was at the time of the alienation by the husband ; and in the second lU it was at the time of the death of the husband, though there does not appear to bo muoh justice in the rule, more particnkurW in Canada, where adten titiou8.oiroumstanoes iM>2 -^f property three and^ few years. In the put to her election, and iQtly enhance the Talue in the space of a Tcry an exchange a widow is sheriff must endow her In all cases where the ■/' of the latad shd chooses. ^^^ dower is set out by agreement, the safest and most proper course is to have a written instrument de^ scribing the lands ^y metes and bounda. //( KJ ^\^', . *v .c-j; 'om the itinotion (low |ier irat CMe I tiiii« of Aeoopd inaband, latioe in B adf en- be Talue >f ft Tery iridow ia low her lere the nd most lent doj^ /•\ %- 9 fl^» II ^ . ■ , , ;M3P;r.. ; . CHAPTER IX, / PRACTICE IN DOWER, Toaohiog praotioe in an action of dower wher^ggyW tenant makes default, the proper pourse appear^ to be as follows: '; v ^^ , Ist. Serve notice of demand on tenant. ' '"' '•'■ 2nd. Serve deolarationi with notice to -plead. : ; 8rd. Search for plea and make affidavit of defiiulti and sign interlocutory judgment. . 4th. File suggestion that demandant on, fto.^ had oaused a demand in writing of her doww ill the landf deaei^ibed in the declaration to be made of the tenant^ more than one month and Jess than one year before the oommenoement pi this auit, and that the tenant did not at any time (^ffer to asilgn to the demandant her dower. . " i 5th. Endorse on Suggestion a notice to Ibke foUowx iug eifdot : '< Take notice that yon are to plead to the within suggestion within eight day»y otherwise judgment.'' \6th. Serve copy of anggestion, ania make limdavit of service.. ^ — :--^ .--'■- -r-.-.. ,,;■..,,:.,. ..: ,. .■,^".-,..; 7th. Make up judgment roll containing declara- tion, with an ehtry of' ntT (ftci<> The suggestion with an en^ of nildicitf and judgment that the demandant lb recover her costs of siyit against i^nant, .»■■ «"■ >!■- % ' ■ » ^ - •■ :-.a- ♦# iW t w: '^m ■.i'i^'. ■,- ■/ ■ ■ . ■ - ■ • -. '' . ■ ■ ;■' -;" • a.Jk - .• • •■ -, - ■ ■ ■ /'■■ y .•' ". , fhf:: ■ ' ■ ■ ■ :■"./'■ '"" ■'.'■ ■ "!* 1 ■ , ■:■'■ *, ■ : . -' _ •*■%. -"'f:^ « . • . '■ ♦'.• .^ "=^' lUf IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) fif .« is £/ .« <if V .^ .^ r '•-■ :#. 1.0 ^tam itt Itt ■2.2 ■? lio 12.0 I.I 1lii£'l^li& ^ifffi^^a^^^^^M inn^^^s^^BH ifm^^^^BHH . V Sdeooes Carporatioii <^, PtKTtoffla phic \ /, f V"'' WB T MAW STWtr WEBSTER, N.Y. 14590 (71«)t72-4S03 ■^ ;\ S^ 4^ "'••S ^ t ^■^ f ;■' ^ ^ 1 \ Y'' : -/•-■■ I '1 m te^ w & .'5^* !'/i IZ. Dbww« - fiOWlB. ■ « - aoeording to tbe fonn of the, statute, fto., wbioli said oo8t8 i^mount to I — — , and that' she haye execution therefor. ■ . *f 8lh. Stio out hdb.fac, seii. and /./a. for costs, (a) Where Infant tenants refuse to plead, the demandant should apply for an orde? ni$i that unless the tenants plead within a giyen time, demandant may assign John Doe as their guardian. When the time gpranted has expired, make an affidavit of service and an affidavit that no plea has been filed, and apply to make the order absolute, (b) The following are the forms of the orders made : ^< Upon reading the affidavits and papers filed, I do order that unless the above named infant tenants shall plead in this cause by guardian within three days after service hereof, the demandant may assign John Doe for guardian of the infant tenants A. B. & 0. D., and enter judgment thereon for default of ft plea, and take all necessary proceedings in this cause in the ordinary way." Order ahioltUe thereon. *< Upon reading the order made in this cause 6n, &c.,by&c., That unless, ^. (reciting ordernMi), and upon reading the affidavit of service thereof, and an affidavit that no plea has been pleaded, I do order that the above named demandant may assign John D.oe for guardian of the in&nt tenants A. B. & C. D., and enter judgment thereon for default of (a) Street v. Rove, 8 U.C. C.P. 218. (6) SobituoH rrM^nehard, 9 tJ.O. L. J. 28." A N loll said eontion >st8. (a) landant tenanto ' assign granted and an ipply to made : filed, I tenants n three 7 assign »A.B. )faaU of in this anse on/ er niii), thereof, ed, I do y assign ts A. B. efanit of Dow<v« oowm. •■'..»■■ ■ plea, and take all necessary proceedings in the^gg^^ cause in the ordinary way." (a) ► Bince 13 & 14 Yio. chap. 88, the nisi prios record in dower may be made up the same as in personal actions. (6) W Security for costs may be obtained in an action of doirer, on the ground that demandant is resident out of the province, (c) ^ Tenant may plead to the whole declaration '< ne unqueM ctccoupy and **ne unqius leine que dower/' or **non tehute;*' or he may pl^ the latter to part and the two former to the residue j Imttumtenure to the whole cannot be pleaded with other pleas in bar. (d) ^ . Particulars of the premises cannot be obtained by the demandant, (e) The 0. L. P. Act applies ,|#> actions of dower. Defendant put in three pleas^ I. Denying the hus- band's seisin. 2. The marriiage. 8. That before the action the demandant had assigned her right. Meld that the first two pleas might be allowed togeUieiy but that the third must be stnidk out. (/) (a)^That there may be jodgment by default, though the tenant'be an Infant, Tide Cro. Jao. Ill ; Sellon's Pmo. tol. 2i 208 ; Pketan t. PhtUbi, Dra. Bep. 886 ; Robimon t. Blan- ehatd, 9 TJ.C.L.J. 28. , ., S6) f iUiafiw 1^ J^iufer, 1 Prac. Bep. 41. e) JTolan t. Btid, 1 Prao. Bep. 264. d) NoUn T. Seid, 1 Pn^. Bep. 266. - (e) Ifolan r. Oheriyf 1 Prao. Bep. 277. ^ (/) Strut V. J}olsm, 2 Prato. Bep. 806: tide G.L.P. Aet. 1866, pB. 180, 186, 182. ' ; ^ ■•. 4 .,«■,. \ r '■* 70 ts-,^. V \ It ia imgnkr u an taUonof dowtr to ityle Ui* parties in the eanse demancUuit and retpandent, and iilidants so entitled cannot be read, (o) v^ \ An aotion for dower may be mainuuned against a mortgagee in fee in possession. (6) Demandant in dower is not entitled nnder the 0. L. P. Act. to an order to inspect the conveyance deed to her late husband, when the same is in the han^ of a purchaser of the bnds for Taltte, and without notice that they were subject to dower, as in such a case no bill for a discovery could have been mainUdned before the 0. L» P- Act. (c) jLn infant plaintiff or defendant is liable to The replicatioii''^plea of alien ni need not lay a Tenue as to the pUkoe of birth within the allef^nce, nor state of whWt parents or when the demandant ' was borfl^ and is properly concluded to the country. il/MA ii8 ii a plea in barv (e) The exact number of acres of land of which dowet 10 demanded is not mateiial. (/) 'In an aotion of dowet, judgment vras given la fitTOur of the tenant, in June^ 1856. In August, the tenant died, and the entry of judgment was de- layed by the difficulty in pioeoring the affidavit of mJ-^JtU-t^id (tf) i^«iyii«m T. JfotoiM, i U*C.R. 519. * (6) Walker t. BottUoHt Mioh. Tenn; 7 Vie. (e) Oomm t. Farrott, t Jar. U.S. 1160; 26 Ii.|.C.F. 279. (d) Pkdan t. PhOaiti Dra. E«p. «8», ^et-^nr. . (•) J?o6m«< T.^wif, Dra. Bep. 44; i/yOarrard v. «Vc*, 8 C. B. 281 ; 18 Ji»r. 871 J W I,.;. C.?.8«8. - ""^i bofm. \- dIslmneQeiits, fto. The demuidAQt bronglit '^^^^^iSbH Mtion igainst the hein of the tenant, for dower i&ooww. the Mine land; and in April, 1857, an application was made to allow the judgment given in Jane to be entered ntinc ;>ro tune. jB^2i too Ute. (<*) , If the heir, being of fbU age, aasign excessive dower, he has no remedy at law. If the sheriff assign excessive dower, the heir may have uacire faciai to obtain an assignment de novo; or if the ' heir under age assign excessive dower, he may have , relief by writ of admeasurement of dower. (^Siovgh» tofj, Leigh, I Taunt. 402.) ^^ ^ i^ (fl) SyiffordjrTruman^ 2 U. C. Prao. Bi 164. It \ K'^ ■\\ t^' '«; i & "/ \ S\ n IV*!? .tV X CHAPTER X- COSTS. ' " "In OMe it appeari on the trial that a demand in wridng had been made of the dower claimed ftom the tenant one month before action brought, and that the action was brought within a year firom such demand, coBta shall be allowed to the demandant, irhether damages be recoverable or not, in the same nianner as costs are aUowed to a plwntiff or defSend- mnt in personal actions : but if it appears on the trial that the tenant offered to assign the dower demanded before action brought, the demandant shall not re- merWto." (18 & 14 Vic. ch. 58, s. 5.) In an action where a demand is averred in the ledaiation, and judgment allowed to go by defeult, ^ts m$y be recovered, (Harru ▼. Morden, 17 U. 0. <ir B. 278 J Sumphriei T. Burnett, 16 U. C. B. 465) Street v. Eowe, 8 0. P. 218 j AndenanY. Mdrr{otty2 U. 0. L. J. 198^ In Ryckman y. i?ycJbnafi, the defendant pleaded « tout tempepriit," Beplicatiouy a demand and refhsal. Bejoinder, de- nying the refusal. There was no su^estion l^at ^e husband died seised. The evidence shewed that Ae tenant had frequently offered the demandaptt her dower, and to leave it to two( persons to^.We out the land, but she declined/ saying -thjj^ she oouM^ not i^rk the lanJ, and wo^d rather have compensap tion, and no portion iNui i^ fiwt marked out. ^«W, 4' n M ,i-. ihftt th«4B« mvit be toiind for ih« tentnty u the <>mp >• lnuband did in fiiot die seieed i.wiUde, per Bumtf^^"^ J., that thai should have Veen raggeeted on the reoordy and the demandant wonld then hi^e been entitled to damages from the suing oat of the writ> and oonseqnentljr to oosts. (8 \J» 0. L. i. 216 ; ; 16 tJ. 0. Q. B. 265.) ^, To an action of doirer ^IflgSog s demand made pmmiantto th^ statute, the tenants pleaded <Woii< tempi priti," The demandant replied that she re- quested her doirer more than one month, and less than one year before action, but that die tenants did not endow her, and that the judgment for the said damages and endowment shall widt till the said issue is tried. The tenants joined issue. The oTidenoe/ prored a demand, and that the tenant ssid d< mandant might haye dower but £d nothing. JETe/^, that an issue was sufficiently formed upon the recora, and ^|iat upon the oYidenee the demandant was en- tided to a verdict and to oosts. (fimd t. Ihtter ei al, 19 V. 0. Q. B. B. 208.) yd^Mi^^ t,-/^^^^ Securi^ for oosts may be obtained In an ajbtion <tf X$J^/^ dower, on the gronnd^U^ demandant is ^Safpent out of the pro^oe. ' C)S^» T. i2M^ If^tM, Bep. 264.) Draper, J., Considered tM t^statute 13 ft ^' 14 Tic. oh. 68, was no| intended lb interfere witb any right to oosts existing under the old practice, or to rendisr necessary a demand in cases where the deniapdant woold before have been entitled to costs Withoiitt it. That the plea of <<(0W temps prite' " itted a ridit to damages from the oommenoe- ment ordi^^Buit to the issuing, if not to the ezecur .^*r ' 'I 1'' > '■*, ^W!W ;*<■■. 5'-.. M- ilon of the writ of enquiry, without »ny raggeetion thet the hushend died eeised. And thtt on these pleadings therefore the demandant might strictly have reoorered svch damage and consequently the costs : bat as this was not insisted on, on the trial, and the terdict wai just, he ooncnrred in refusing to interfere. (Buhoprick v. PtareCy 12 tJ. 0. Q. B. 806.) In the case of ^m t. McKibhin^ 12 U. 0. Q. B. 82^, there was no suggestion in the de- claration that the husband died seised and no claim for damages. The tenant pleaded << tout temp$pri$i," Replication, a demand and refusal. Rejoinder, tak- ing issue on the refusal. It was proved that after demand senred on thi||pnant, under 18 & 14 Vic oh. 58, 8. 5, he went to the demandant's attorney and Mid that he was ready and willing to assign dower whencTer she would come for it^ to which the attorney replied that the tenant must take his own course. The jury found for demandant and one ■hilling damages ; and a rule having been obuined for a new trial : heid, per Draper, J., and Burnt, J, that' such rule should be diseharged. Fer Draper, J., that by pleading **toui tempt prite* the tenant had admitted a right to damages at least Ibm the beginning of th^aotion, which would carry costs. Per Burnt, J., that the offer proved ynm in- aufficie^t, and in effect amounted to a refusal, and the demandant should therefore liave costs; but that there could be no damages, as the husband waa not proved to have died seised. Mobinton, C. J., dissenting, on the ground that the evidence shewed no such refusal as could do away with the effect of f'^^v^S'*'****'" "^ - ^. , . »^ '^'•^ -^••'^ • '^^(KS w:^-': DOWER. 96 ihe offer proved, and' that the offer wu siiffioient^^x* voder the statute to exempt the tenant from costa. The eqnitable right to dower entitles a widow to oosts, if it is disputed by the party to whom the es- tate has been sold by the heir at law. (a) An infant plaintiff or defendant is liable to coats in dower. (6) By the 24 Vic. oh. 40, s. 18, " In all cases com- ing under sec. 1 of this act, the costs of proceeding hereondet shall follow the suit, and shall be recover- able by writ of yE. /a. from the goods and chattels or lands gf the defendant in such suit : and in all other ^Mi, all such costs shall be in the discretion of the court or judge issuing the wri|||f assignment of dow«r; provided that in both orSses of cases all costs in append shall be in the discretion of the court of appeals." Where a dower suit was not occasioned by any difficulty as to the assignment or mode of payment of the dower, but solely by the defendant nofhaving admitted the title, till he put in his answer to her bill, she was allowed her costs up to the hearing, (c) (a) Smith T. Sptneeret al, 2 Jar. N. a. 778. (6) PkeUn T. Pkelan, Dra. Rep. BS6per Cur. (e) ffarrii r, mrrii, 11 W. E. 62 j 7 L. T. N. S. 411. & w \ 70 J'. DOWER FORMS. Doww Vonnl. » Pleor^ Tout tempt ^ruif. That from tho time of the death of the husband of the demandant to the time of her, the^toiandant^a, marriage with the plaintiff B., the tenant has always been, and still is, ready to render to the demandant, and sfnce her marriage, to her and h^ now husband, her dower of and in the lands, and premises, iflth the appurtenano^, andfendereth the same here in court to the demandant *'■ ■ '■' •' ' ■ ■""■- „ Replication, "«t Thai tbe sud tenant was not always ready to ren- der to the demandant from the time of the death of her said Husband to the timcM»sif the demandait's marriage witk ihe plaintiff B., and since her said marriage to her now husband,^ ber dower of and in the landii and premises with the appurtenances in the declaration mentioned^ and the demandant ayers that after the demandant's marriage to her now hus- band, and more than one month and lees than one year before the oomn^encement of this suit, to wit., on, fto., she demanded from the tenant her dower of and in the said lands and premises with the appur- tenances, but the sud tenant did not rehder dower to the demandant, but wholly neglected and refused 80 to dO| and this they are ready to Terify ; where- "t^F't^'f '"" "4b'. ^ Dowim. ' • for ilie pTtyi jnclgment of the ootift of her dower, and aI«o dftmagef for the detention of the aame. Rtjoin^er.' That he did not refuse to render dower to the said demandant, as in the said replication alleged. (Bishoprick tt ux. v. Ptarce, 12 U. 0. Q. B. 806 ; Tide iLlso Hawkthato v. Eodgiru, 11 U. 0. Q. B. 71.) That demandant ii an alien born, and was not nor has, a^nj time become a snbjeot of her Majeaty by nataralication or otherwise, and that her hnsband was also an alien, born in foreign parts, and oat of the allegianpe of her Majesty the Qaeen, to wit., in the Un^^ States of America, and is not a snbjeot of her^lipijesty by nataralization, denization, or otherwise ; and the tc na^avers that the said A. B., the husband of the said demandant, sold and oon- Teyed the said land t ) the tenant befo^i^e the twenty, third <fey of NovenilJBr,^.D. 1|49. ^^* .\- Vide 12 Tie, ohl 197, which e^es tUenCto hold and enjoy property ih tUa country with equal rights KK^adians, except that of voting : a liberal enaot- ment, scarcely neceaiiMy for the enoouragement of settlers in the present adfanced state of the oountiy, —and perhaps moxp than doubtful in policy, con- sidering the unsettljILd state of public a&in among oar neighbours. Form of jpoaieal/or demanclani as to, part, and non^aeitin as to midue* Afterwards, thai is to say, on the day and at the plaee within contained, before the Honoorable -«^-, Tf -. k 4' ■% ^■*^ ^ ift4-Sii- ^r^~ ^ -( .1 *U 1- ^•4^.Jt*t ,1,»V- i 'lf'"»WR*9^i, p-^'T^ •## ./ DOWIE. Do«« - w 0D6 0^ hn MiJMtj*! Jtutio«s of the Ooart of QaMn'a Bench or Common Pleu, Mtigned to take the eaaiiea in and for the county of .^oame as well the within demandant ai the within named tenant hy their reepectiv^e attorneya within named. And the jaron of the jary, whereof mention ia within made, heing rammoned al«o come, who to ipeak the truth of the Mferal matters within contained being chosen, tried, and sworn as to the two messuages, two work- shops, and one garden, with the appurtenances, in the township of , in the county of , parcel of the tenements within specified, whereof, Ac., upon their oath say, that the within A. B., late husband, Ac, after the day when^ he married ihfi said (dimandant) was seised of the said two messuages, two workshops, and.dne garden, parcel of the ^ne- ments within specified, whereof, Ac., of such an es- tate whereof he could endow th^^d demandant ; and as to the residue oi the tenemeii6*within speci- fied, with the appurtenahees, the Jurors aforesaid, upon their oath aforesaid, say, that the within named A. B., late the husband, Ac, neither on the day when he married the said demandant, nor ever after, was seised of the said tenements within specified, with the appurtenances, whereof, Ac., of such an estate as he could thereof endow the said demandant as the said 0. D. Qenant) has within in pleading I alleged; '. V >, ^ ■ ' ■ ■■ ^ ' Form of Judgment thereon. V Therefore it is oensideted that the said {demand- ant) do recover againU the said (tenant) her seisui of the said third part; of the said iwto messuages, tiro «11 the lant by ad the 6 truth ohosen, work- noes, in » rhereof, B.,ltte bl^e Mid wuageS) te V^D®' h an M- indant ; n speoi- foresaidy 1 named the day rer after) peoified, Bttch an mandant pleading DOWIB. workahopa, and one garden, with the appv^rtenanoee, ^J^ paroel of the tenement* within apeoified^ whereof, Ao., to hold to her in leTeralty by metea and bounds ; and also | , for her ooaUj»f suit : and the aaid (^tenant) in meroy, ko-t andiRreupon the laid (demqndant) praya a writ of our lady the Qneen to be directed to the ■heriff of the county aforeaaid, to oauae her to have fall seisin of the said third part of the said two messuagea, two workshops, aud one garden, with the Apparteaaaoea, paroel, ao.^ — and also I — — >, for lier oosts of suit : and it is granted to her aoeordingly. , Form of potUea where tenant pleadt f|^ %tnque» weuMy and jurji find /or demandant, and atnti damagee. Afterwards, fto., \ say that A. B., husband of the said B. B., in the declaration mentioned, died seifed of the land as in the said declaration' men* tioned; and the jurors aforesaid, upon their oath aforesaid, farther say that the A. B. being as afore- ^ said seised of the said estate, died so seised thereof six yean before the oommencement of the abo?a suit; and that the said lands in the declaration men- tioned, ar« worth by the year^ itt;a)l issues besides . reprises, £75 ; and they asse s s the damages of the laid B. B., (demandantf) oyer and aboye her eostf and charges by her aboa( her suit in thu behalf expended, at £ . - .a r i a: demand- er seism ^es, tiro ■ I ' I n I m \_ ■' ^Z '-^ •^^ "■^ '■^. FORMS OF PLEAS IN DOWER. It- VonMoT IIOVNT. psr ii Tout teplpi ptitt That fnmi tli^ time of the death of the hnshand of the said demandant, he hath aiwajs heen ready and 18 BtUl ready to ren;% to the demandant her dower of the jMudJbenementi^iid premiaeef wHh the appur- ten^CMMi in die declaration mentioned, and render- eth the same here in ooar| to the Bud A..B. (de- maiulaiil.) 2. Trndefandttfiuaiioaaxpt, f That from the time of the death of the husband of the said A. B. ((ftfmantianf) he hath always been ready to render to the said A. B. her dower of the said tenements and premises, with the appnr- tenanees in the deelaration mentioned, and that before the -oommenoement of this snit, to wit. on, 4ke., he tendered and offered to the demandant her dower of and in the sud lands and preWises with the appnrtenanoes, to reoeire which she wfioUy refosed; and that he is still* ready and^^willing to render to the^demandant her dower kilt the said tenements, with ihe appurtenances, and rendereth the same here itLDonrt to the said A. B. That the sud A. B. {demanimiX) ought not to hate her dower in this behalf as having been the f • ■' <"»! DOwn* 81 wife of tKlB Mid. (hmbamd) daocMed, beoMM tli^ Jj^^ said A. B. nerer WM Mooupl^ to the «ud (huf^^omm. 5afM2) in lawftil matiimoBy. Tbe piM of iM imj^M aceoupUf whioh is the only j/iMk whereby the lawfnlness of % marriage oan be pat in ifl8Q<li|9 only to be pleaded in a teal aetion, .Therefore the certifioate of iJie ordinary is not neces- saiy in any personal or mixed action. (SeUon's Pime.^ YoL 2, |h. 207 ; SiOk 487 1 Lot. 41.) " JSipi'^cUion thereto. That she ought not' to be barred from hanpg hl^ dower aforesaid, because she says that she, the said ^dememdantf) on the — day of 'A.t).y &o., was acoonpled to the said (huttand) deeeased, Hi lawful matrimony, at -♦^ — , Ac. (Wentworth's System of Plteding, vol. 10, p. 158 ; WiUianu v. Lee, and Wittiame ▼. VannUart, 2 U. 0. 0. P. 175.) / ^ A replication to a plea of ** ne ungues aecQupUf' alle^ng a marriage in Scotland, may oonolnde to the country) and in such-replication it is not neoes- saiy to state that the marriage was had at any ^ace in England by way of yenue. (Mderton t. Uderton, 2H.B.U55 V ^ 4. Jfeftittwy. That the demandant in the life time of her late husband, and during her coverture with him, yol- untarily and of her own aecord, left her husband, and £rom thence and until the time of his death vol- untarUy and of her own accord lived away from him, and during her ooverture with her said husband, QOiydBii^y iiiid iS^til the death of her jpaid tobMidit i m •c m. V *^ of W own ioooi^ and without Uie lioense or oonsenty and agftinst the will of her hnshand, lived awa^ from him io adultery, with one A. B. And the said ten- ant farOier avers that tho gaid hoaband of the said demandant waa not at any time after she l0fb hia honae, or after she lived in adnlteiy with the said A* B., volnntaiily or in any manner reooneiled tp her. {Betherington v. Oraham, 6 Bing. 186; Woodward r. Down, 8 Jar. K. S* 418; Bao. Ahr. tit. Power, p. 142. Jtepltcatioiu io the plea o/advltety, '1. That she did not, during the lifetime of her husband/ voluntarily elope from his house and live Ib adultery with said A. B. ^ "-■ > 2. Beeonoiliation and condonation. (Roaooe on Beal Actions, p. 224.) > ^ That ihe demandant is an alif^, bom in fbreigu parti, and out of the allegiaoee of our lady the Queen, and within the allegianoei of a /ormgn atato, to wit the United States of America, and is not* aubject of our lady the Queen by natnraliiation, denixatton or otherwise. (Bao. Abr. tit Dower, p. 120 ; Bobinet v. Xeiou, Dra. Bep. 44.) ,^ Replication thereto. That she 18 a^atural born subject of our lady the Queen, born in tljke allegiance of our lady the Queen, (aetheecuemdjfhef) to wit in the then province of Pennsylvania, and not an alien bora in foreign parts, or within the aflegianoe of a for^u atate^ as in the . Ah" .i„ ^Sliia. i J>Mii^^^*Afe'lI -i \',-^'^v*"*^-^V*/''" ^''ti ""V"" ' jjH-i^ t~ ,,*. DOWIB. 88 - ^'1 Btia plea allegea. (J3ra«*«» t, JFVaier, 12 U. 0. 0. ,5^"' p. 888.) w, 6. Kon itnure. As to the lands and tondments mentioned in tlie said demand of the said A. B., (demandant,) and whereof, <fcc., he the said 0. D. says that he cannot render to the said A. B. her dower thereof, or any part thereof, heoa^ose he says he is not, nor at the day of the filing the declaration of the said A. 6., or any time since, has heen tenant thereof, or of any part thereof, as of freehold ; and this he is ready to Teij^y : wherefore as to the said lands and tene- ments he prays judgment of the said writ, &o. iron._The same persons are liable in dower as befbre the pa^g of 18 ft 14 Wo. oh. 68» and non tenure is there- fore still a good defenee. (Hdrrie t. StrtUton, 17 U. G. Q. B. 620.) 7, FUa that lands were devised in lieu of dower, and accepted by, widow in satis/action thereof, Thatjdttring the coverture, to wit, on, &o., J. B. was setted in fee of certain other hinds, particularly described in the plea, and by his last wiU duly exe- ciDtedt, devised to the said A. B., (demandant,) in fiiU bi^ and satitfrotii^ of her dower, » certain por- tion of J^e said land, (ftoiei t» the ^«0 ^ ^^^ to^.lie^'Plring her life : that after making this will the si^^. B. died without revoking it, &c., seised of the i^d premises, &a, after whose death th^ said A. B. agreed to and ratified the said devise, -(-flmi*- enridge v. King, 4 0. S. 180; see also Walton y. Ml, 8 U. G. Q. B. R. 6820 ..^..::...../i^-..^^- DoiWe *,1 /^) I- «i.«if » jtf^T,^ ^a5t*#j»» Ifc^ A m /:,:■. \^: 8. Mta o/Umdexchmng^i amd dteUtm o/ widow ' to be endowed in other landtJ • That A. B.y the huibaod ff the stid demandant, daring the ooyerture was B^ised in fee of the lands -mentioned in the demandant's dfelaration, and alao of certain other lands in th<i township of, &o., and ^t during the ooverture hjn exchanged the lands in ihe dechuration mentioned iot the said lands in the township of, &o., with oqJB CD., wherehy the de- . mandant became entitled lioP dower in either of the^ said lands at her election. I And the tenant further sajs that the said, demandant elected to be endowed of the lands in the towliship of, &o., and released her dower theitein in con^deration of £50. (^Towt- Uyr, Smith, 12 U. 0. Q. B. 555; Breakenridge y.. King, IV. O. 8. 180.) f 9. Siatutebflimitatiofu^ - That demandant's right to dower in the premises mentioned in the declaration accrued to her more than twent|r years next before the iBommencement of this action. (JkDonold ▼. Melntoih, 8 U. 0. Q. B.8880 /-i^'-V-f^-v^-^^/-:- ■■/; x^ It^^^jj^ he/ore action. That after dfemandan^s right accrued, and before the eommencemeiit of this suit^ the demandant con- Tejed and asrigned her dower in the said premises • in the dedkration mentioned to one A. B. (^Sfreei T. Z>o2mii, 2^jg. q. Brae. B. 806.) I lUiRdituehitdetd,' / That beford the oommonoement of Ibis siiiiy and during the lifetime of her said husbaad, the de^ / |:.:f- M^WJUU ■ ^ r' ■ . .'' *' ■ - . ■ ' ' ■ ffltnoftiit OB, &e.f baited her dowet of tnd in t1ie„ ^ land* and preimises in the deolaration mentioned by i>o««r. deed jointly with her said hnsband (or a$ the cate may he) to one A. B., pnrsoant to the statute in / snoh ease made and provided. 12. Ne Hngi»e$ eeitie fpie dower* that the ttid ((Ufnandanf) ought not to haT« dower of the tenemente albreeud with the appuv> tenanoei, of the endoWBjBnt of the aaid (hueband,) because he says that the sud (husband) neither on the day he married the said (demandatUfy nor ever afterwards, was seised of the tenements aforesaid, with the appurt^anoes, whejreof, £0.,^ of such an estate as he could thereof endow the sud^(c2^mafMf- •m.) Ana T. Jftfyera, 14 U. 0. Q. B. 40^; Wont- worth's System of Pleading^ vol. z., p. 160.) ^^ 18. ffmband alive. ^ That A. B., the husband of the said (demandant') in the deobiatioB mentioned^ was alive it the time of the eommenoemeni of this aetion. Beplieation, that A. B., the husband o^ the sail ^le^andtmt,) diedai , and la buried there. Thorm y, Bofyhp DUFat 185; Bao. Abr. tit Dower, p. 182.) Sc It li stated by Mi^ Fuk> p^ 248, thai thia issue oa awiitofdoirer,is/iiottrii^ebjajui7, but by the oourljMr iettet,/ Bong a mere ^estioa of &et bowovwi it is pkesuraad that in Oanada it would be 1^ to a jtuy* A oontinuons unezplaiaed absenoe Item home for seven yean is presumptive ei;ide6oe of daath. Proof of that &ct throws the tnuupro- landi on the opposite party. (Taykr on Et., 127.) rfi' V / -tS'\, V- ^w J Saoh 'iBBOM b»T« been tried in England by jttriefc (Jl. ▼. ffarhome, 2 A. A fi. 644 ; If^aUon T. iKi^, ; Stark 121.) I. ' -■ . , - That A. B., the Irasband of the said (demandant f) during hii lifetime, and during the seiwn of the ■aid A. B. of the Undg mentioned in the dedaxation, ^ras attainted of twawn. (Roaeoe on Beal Actioni, p. 222 J Hawkina P. Co. 49) Bao. Abr. tit Bower, p. 121.) 16. 4 r^ereneeta arhUraUon and amgnlMiUhy arhitratortofeertain tpeciJUd land* in iotit/acthn ^f^ower. {McLtan ▼. Harton, 9 tJ. 0. Q. B. 686.) \y.B.— This plea must ahew that the amignment had been actoaUj made. Ifi^^Detinue of charteri. It 18 a good plea in bar of dower that demandant detains from the heir sui^h oharters, unless they be in a bag sealed, or a box looked, and it is sufficient to say that she detains firom him such bag or box of eharters ; but if the bag or box be open, then h^ must shew them in certain, and conclude by addinj^ that if she will deliyer them to him, he is, and has ilways been, ready to render her dower; and upon tibia if she delitton them to him, she shall hate judg- ment for her dower ; but if she-denies such detoiner, tad it be found against her, she shall be barred for «fer; and it is to be observed— 1st These charters ou^t to concern the hmd or the leversion of the hmd whereof dower] is demanded. 2nd. Such de- "''4' ' jtitnei. ndanif) of the txmtion, iotiOD8| br. tit 't/aetian S. 685.) nent had ?-, ?V ^V'!'*''?,^ .' "" "«»7'***.'^T* #.' :V ' - ' Diaii&nt they be mffioient tr box of then he f addiniP andbas nd upon iTejadg- detainer, irred for charteTS n of tbe 3aob de- ll uSner \b no bar of dower for more binds iban ^^^^SS^ eharten eonoem. 8rd. No one ean plead ibis plea »<>««•• * bat tbe beir. Tbe reason wby roeb detinne of obartera is a good plea for the heir, seems to be because tbe inherit- ance bj btw is cast npon bim immediately after the ancestor's death, without any act of bis concurring; and therefore he cannot pro?ide against the injury done him by any precaution or covenant whatsoeTcr; but /a stranger who comes to tbe land by convey* ' anoe, and his own act, ought to take care to have all thjB deeds and writings necesi^ry for the defence of title, delivered to bim lit the same time, or to sure himself by proper covenants; and if be has iot so done it is his own folly; and be shall take io advantage thereof, by pleading it in bar of tbe lemandant, but must puisne his remedy by an ao« tion of detinue. In what cases the heirtbimself ihall be considered as a stranger, and cannot plead Idetinue of charters vide 9 Go. 18; Perk. 858; Dyer 280 pi. 52; Bos^e on Keal Actions, 228; Bao. I Abr. tit Bower, y 148 : but if the heir has himself delivered theycharaers to the widow, he cannot plead detinue, for then Vshe has them by his own act. (ftufk on Dowery 2i95.) 1 __ If the wife be edcientCf the heir presumptive can- not plead detinueM charters, fo|r the wife may jEcep them,.^r the infant. (Roscoe on Beal Actions, ^24; Park oil DdwerJ 296.) ^ V Tbcjflbllowine pleas may also be pleaded, yii t-^ . lL:^:,!. Jointurei' - ■■:'--.■: j. /\ 2. IHvoietf a vinculo matrimonii. 5 'C .1 J '^ . I - / r ■'^' P9W* 8. ' PaymaBt in fiill latia&etion of dower. 4. That demandant wai under dowable ago, (Sel- lon's Prao., Tol. 2, 206) 6'. That he holds jointly wtth A. not named. (F«rii OB Doireri 287.) \ " . ■ ^n;^"^ ;if:' ■ ••.■• '* ;,. H-^ t. . ■. - mr ^- ;.',^i^ H^;r B'': '- "■'•■;'• .,'.,: . ■ , WC'"' . ^ - - - . # ^ f. > ^ ; ■ '1 m ■:':■- •'".'*■■ • ■ ■ ' ■ , ■' . - aoa Dro morial f demandi * . "^ , ■ .'' 1 .1 ■ ■* . joint tei On a - * . plaintiff ant cou " -• .- - " " ' ■ " upon th< ;:f^ . ;. . '.;■':■- teyanoe shewing f ^ -•'.,.,^; :. - '^■: ^ ^ •: ^ ',' • ' •. .' " ■ . ; -' ;'• was as j : , died firs - • ' \ - ' . ■ ... t pfihed< 1 : - _ ■"'~ .■ ■ r.fiX, ' ' ■■ ' '9 Bemai ' ■ . ■ • ' -'^-i' ■' - ■■;-. " at any li otherwift It' ',_ . It :.' ■ , ■ ' . -■ . '.■■'■ ■'■" •,"• ■"■'- >»»-^ ■;, not natn 1 * • * . '-,.'" \- • »*'• '■:--'' ■'■ ■'■'.■' , -'■ >■■ .'■.:■ ■ ,^ , ., .,..* _■•» y^^jj: , y ; 89 TOWER. „The demandant olaiming throagh seisin of her bnsband : — Pleas, 1. Ne unqueM sant que dower, 2. Ne fmqu$9 accottple, 8. That deinandant and her husband wera both aliens born, and not natur- aliied before he sold. The Ices of most of the deeds affeoting the title, was proTed (or rather preanmed) ftom the bnming of the house of the oi<nier in fee, bat a deed was proved to the demandant'a basband sod brother as joint tenants by prodaotion oi« me- morial from the registry office, and the death of the demandant's, husband before his brother, and co- joint tenant, was also proved. > On a motion to enter a nonsuit (a verdict for the pkintiff having been entered) ; heldf the demand- ant could not, without specially pleading it, rely npon the tenants being estopped by taking a con-^ teyance from her husband after marriage, nor from shewing that the seisin of the demandant's husband was as joint tenant with his brother, and that he died first. 2. ^at secondary evidence of ihe loss of the deeds wf^Pmissible* Fam^o/pUa. Demandant is an alien born, and was not, nor has •t any time, become a subject by naturalization or otherwise : that her husband was also an alien born, not naturalised befo^ he sold and cofiyeyed away Tknnttt •..,i "m^-ii. 90 IK>W1B. hif intcwit in the lands, if be had any, and that defendant and the oooupiers for the time being haye enjoyed the same as of right, and without in terrup- tion for twenty yeara next before the eaid J. H. became a British subject, if eter he became so. (J3a«ifc«/i T. fVaicr, 12 C. P. 888.) - Sqdteation. That demandant bad become a British subject by Bitiiraliiatioo, and that her husband J. wa« a British subject by DaturaliaaOan at the time he conyeyed these lands, and that defendants and the occupiers, &c., have not enjoyed, &o. m^fi ft J '■■-.■■ l/ i -■ " * *^. ■• ■ . be isf when /■■■ ;-;• 'v'-' ■ ■■• ■ ..' "«•- ' ■■'■■. ■ ■ - ownei ,.,?..•■■ /. ^ i 1 , ' ' f [ ■■•.■■ 4^ . ■ ' • Uppe ., • '1 ' ' ■ ■ - ' ; - ' .'' Goun r . ". t. ■ ■ I 4. . . «• Wl \ ■♦..-; ^, -.;'. ■ ~ .■ V .s ■ * ' decea {here •'.' ..' ' # ' , J''-' "\ ■ ' OM in ■'° ■■■.: ■* K / ■ - * ■ . dowei laid < * hash ■ . . ■.■ ■■'■■■'■ . .-■'"■■'. ■ y Bene y ' ' A ■ ■ '■'.■;-'' ,.■ ■ ■ ' , ■ ■•' ■■ Ganat ^;:-:;::V: ,V: ■;,/ ■ ^.7 " ■■ ■ ' ' ■ . ' ■ ■ ■' '■'.•- .' ' ; lealc ■ • : /. ." , ». ','.■■ ' "'. ■ ■■ ■' '■'' :;" "■' ' -. ■ . J.' ■ ihatl - -.'■' ■■ ■ ■ \ ■ ■ -■ *:■ .- 1 ■ i: '•- ' . ■■" ,-■■*"■/ . -. • . V ■ . - ' ■ - -r-^T-v--- --^--^--"-;--r •'_.:;_„_i ■_ _:_j.„.„:.,__^ _ ..-ll . . ■ ;• :---:-"-v -... .•;..:. -•^:.■:■ ■ ' 4|t>tw; Vr** 1 ■•* i'. • ■ 9 l*'-'i^-- ^■v DOWtft. 91 ind that ,ng have oternip- i J. H. lame so. ibjeot by \ Britifth WDTejed ooupiersy BULB OF COURT. ^^ February 16tb, 1862. V ii ii ordered, Tbat the form of writa of M«gn-QjJJ«' ment of dower, to be naed under the atat. 24 Yio. oh. 40| ahall be as foUowi : ^J^ writ of aaaignment of dower required to be iaraed after a judgment in an action of dower baa been entered in favour of the demandant, ahall be in the form hitherto in uae in Upper Canada. \ And the writ of assignment of dower, required to bd iaaued under the 2nd clauae of the aaid atatute, when the right of dower is aoquieaced in by the owner of the eatate, may be aa followa. / Cowty of— ^ ) Victoria, ^)y the Grace of God, &o. To the Sheriff of the County of Greeting. Whereaa A. B., widow, who waa the wife of C. D., ' deceaaed, demanda againat E. F. the third part of (AtfTtf detcribe th« ettate in which dower is claimed, ' at in other write of ateignment of dower), aa the dower of the aaid A. B. aa the endowment of the laid 0. B., heretofore her huaband. And whereaa if^ has been made appear to ua, in our Court of Queen's \ Bench {or C. JP., at the cate majf fi^) in Upper ; Canada, that the 8ai4 E, F. ia the owner of the aaid real eatate out of which such dower ia claimed, and ihat he aoquieaoea in the said claim, and UMlilliDgto m ''^ I u •*?. OmH. ■!^- I ' DOWIft. i^of /aMlgn to the 'laid A. B. her V^f^^Jj^j^f baft that I tho said A. B. and E. F. are not iplKd as to the I admeaaurement thereof : We therefore oommand joU|^ that without dolaj you do deliver to the aaid A. B. ■eisin of her third part of the said , with the appnrtenancea, to hold to her in seVeralty by metes and bonnda ; and that jon do proeeed in the exeen- tioB of this oar writ according to the proTisionf of th|mtat6 in that behalf, passed by the Legislature of our ProTinoe of Oanada in the twenty-foorth year of our reign. 'Witness, &o. .^ • (When the demandant has married again sinoe the death of her late husband, under whom she solaims doweVi her name and description most be made suoh •8 to suit the oircu W^ ■tK* I \ ; ■ ^ . ■'■ * ' ■ "*.- ' ■■ ^''' . i ' ' ■': ■• '■ ■ ■ • ■ ■/' - ■/■:■' ■ - ;_ ^ 1 '. *■- ■""'■■'' ^ .M \ ^ • 4 td' tho A. B. th the metes ixeea< oof of lUtare b jear loethe claims Bsaoh :mr~r ' ^ *' > Mwn^ -t- AN ACT RESPEOTINO THE iloOEDURB ]LN ACTIONS OP BOWlR. OON. ITAT. u. o. oa. a^ ». sat. Her Ifi^Mty, bj aod with iBa aavioe snl oonaent of the LegisIatiTe Ooaooil and Assembly of Oanada, eaaoti as foUowa: vi ' 'ACTION Of. 1. The action of dower at law shall be oommeooed AMm of by filing a declaration or plaint (in the fora hereto-'**'* fore osed) in the office of one of the elerlv of the Ciown and Pleaa, or of the deputy clerk of the '€rown and Pleas, in the county where the wtion ia broaght (18, 14 Vic. oh. 68, see. 1.) , ~ r ' . VBN0E. f . An aotion of dower shall be brought in tbe mty or united counties, wherein the lands or teiementa of which dower is sought to be reoof«red^ % are situate, and the declaration inay be serred on ;-the teoMl of the freehold in any part of U^r Canada, (a) ■A 4 «* (•) b an aeiioa where a demaad is ater«d in the deola- ratioa, end Jadgaent allowed to go by defialt, oosts may bereeoTwed. {Hurru ▼. Mvrden, 17 U. 0. Q. B. 278: JBbMArtoT. BcmtU, 16 U. C. B. 466; Stnfl t. Row, 8 C. P. 818; Andnmm r, Marriott, 2 U. 0. L. J. 198; H la .fi;y«iliM» T. Bjfekwum, Ike llMhnitl^ea^ ^. ^^ Umpt prkt/* BepUeatien, a <|eiBaad and reAisal. A^^te- y ■T 4f *1 ■S..V- fw, f :■-... Hw DO¥nEE. -or „»Uig «MlafsUon iBOttO*. ^'^# ^'^ 8. A copy of Buoli 4o6UraUoii, and of the notice hereinafter preeoribed, may be aerved by any literate der denying the reftual. There fM no roggeftion that the hnshand died eelied. The evidence showed that the tenant had freaaently offered the demandant h«r dower, and to Wave it to two persone to itake ottt the landj hot the declined, saying that she e^nld not Work the land, and woald rather hate oompeneatlon ; and no potion wm m fhet narked out. BM^ that the bene moat be foond for the tenant* • . «,■ ' As the hntband did In fact die soliod, BmhU^ per Barn^ J., that that should hare been saggested on the reeord, and % the demandant would then hate heen ehUtled to damages from the suing out of the writ, and oonsejjuently to costs, .(8 0.O.L.J.316;:'WU.<3,aB.266.) ^ To an action of dower alleging a demapd made pursuant to the sUtute, the tenaats pleaded "Jba* imp* pruC' Tha demandant rcBlled that she requested her dower more thaa oae month, and leas than one year, before action, but ,<hat the tenant did not endow her, and that the judgment for the said damages and endowm^t shaU wait till tiiasaid issue is tried. The tenants Joined issue. The efidence proTcd a demand, and that ihe tenants said demandant might hate dower, but did notiiing. ifeW, that an Issue, was sufficiently formed upon the record, and that upon the eridence the demandant was entitied to aTcrdtot and to costs. {Rdd T. Fo»ier et al, 19 U. C. Q. B» E. 298.) Security for costs may be obtained in an action of dower * on the ground that demandant Is resident out of the Fro- Tince. {Nolan t. Aetrf, 1 Prao. Bep. 264.) .,._..» Draper, J., considered that the stat 18 k 14 Vic. ch. 58, was not Intended to interfere with any right to costs enst- ing uafter the old practice, or to render necessary a demand in cases where the demandatft would before haTO been entitled. to costs wlti&ont It; that the J^lea of " tout tempt nriti *' admitted a right to damages firom the commencement of the suit to tiie issuing, if not to the ewcutionof the urit of enquiry, without any snggestioa that the husband died seised; and that on/these plaadings, therefore, the demandant might strictly have reeotered snch damage, and eonsequentiy the costs ; but as this was not iaslstsdon^ at tha trial, aad the Tcrdict wal. just, ha eenoarred in msing to interfere. (BithopriekT,Featce,}2Vj,C.fl.^9X»,) v. / </k ^ i ts ^^ yy - ^--- '^ . ^ » *t jr^ ?•"• ch. 68, [leziBt- deanMid re been / a tempt . ioem«nt --'^ lof the itubMid ore, the ft|e,snd Mon At reteung BOe.) ^, ^ DOWIS. M penon personally, wUhia ono year from the filing thereof, on the tenant of the fireehold, if within the jarisdiction of the oonrt; and if not, then upon the tenant of the hind of which dower is demanded ; and if snoh tenant do not plead, agreeably to the noUoe, the demandant therein, upon affidavit of the doe aervioe of pncb declaration and noUoe being filed, may proceed thereon as in personal aotioip* (18, 14 Vic. chap. 68, sec. 2.) 4. The notice referred to in the last section may be in the following form : ^ tn the Queen's Bench (or Common Pleas). itomdr A. B., who was (or m, as the case may be) the*^**^ widow ef p. D., deceased, demandant, and E. V*f <■ tenant ^Stl ♦ .« In the case of Qumn ▼. MeKibbin^ 12 U: 0. Q. B. 828, there was no snggeition iti the deolaration that the husband diMl seised, and no claim ibr damages. The tenant pleaded (iriutmpt priMt, ReplLsation, a demand and refesal. Be- j^ader, taking issae on the refasal. It was proTed that alter demand serr^ on the tenant, nnder 18 & 14 Vie.' oh^ 68, see. 6, he went to the diemandant's attovney and sidd that he was ready and willing to assign dower whenetttr the would eome for it ; to whioh the attorney replied that the tenant most take his own eonrse. The jorj found for 'demandant, and one shilling Idamages; and a role having been obtained for a new trial, heU, per Draper, J., and Bums, i., that sneh role ^hoold be disoharged. Per liraper, J., titot by pleading \tout Un^ jm$t, the tenant had admitted a right to damages at least from the bringhig ^ the action, whieh would oaih7 eosts. Per Boms, J., that - the offer pro^ was insnffieieat, and in eftet amounted tOt a refuial, and the demandant would ther^ore have costs; iHf t that thwe could be no damages, as the husband was not proved to haVe diM seised. R4>binson, G. J., dissenting, ou^ tha ground that the evidencel showed no such reftiaal as . could do away with the effiBCft of the offar proved, and tiiat ; the offer was tnScient, under the statut^ to exempt the ^ tcpaat fro^B CDSts. ^4.1 / -*- . ( ^3f^ ■ </ 09' DOWIR. \ • N Take notioe, ibit a deelarttioo, of wliioli ihd annexed is a troe copy, was tbis day filed in the office of the Clerk of tbe Crown and Pleas (or Deputy, as the case may be), at ^^ - « *'*« County of (or United Countiet of, af >0Plla8e may be) ; and tiiileSB yon plead theretdfe^^Jin twenty days fW>m the serfioe hereof; jndgmetft^ be signed against yon by default, and subsequent proceedings and execution thereof fdlcTw thereon, according to law. Dated the — day of • ,18 . J. K, attorney, &o.,r Kestding at — , in the County of - — — (or Vhiitd Chunties of, as the case may be). To E F., of the town of (as the case may be), 'the above tenant. VACANT POSSESSION. 6. If Uie land of which dower is demanded be vacant, and the tenant of the fireehold cannot be personally served with a deoUration as hereinbefore provided, then service may be made as in actions ol cjectmentj but such SMvice, when notpefsonal upon the tenant, must be allowed by the court or a judge thereof; and after filing the declaration and the affi- davit of such aerviee, and ^e order or rule of allow-, ance thereof, the demandant may/after the time for pleading has expired, proceed thereon as if personal fertice had been effected. (18, 14 Vic. cb. W, 9- 3.) 9. , When the tenant of the land bas not been personally served with the declaratiwi, aqd the demandant proceeds to the trial of the right of dower in the land/ the demandant, befqre the ent^ 9^ 9^J verdi nagi) mann marri ■•A 7. writi] ^thet( the i deina whe^ mam in pc thati befor TttfjO vere^ limdl nm ing impr b# recbi intl q land /^ ^' •. ^ v,r t''si 'i^pf^T^jw*'! [*n**^ v*Y* ^"^ • 'iV- 1) *' fwft'' Dowva. 97 verdiptlin ftronr of iwioh right, ghall prove the niaii.^JJJjyf>»» nag^j 4«M*ni and death of the hnsbatid, in the aame J^"^ maonef ai if the tenant pleaded, ttayersine snch"""*^ mama|e, «et)im and death. (18, 14 Vie. oh. 58, b. 4.) .■ . ' ■■},-• ^ . ■■':■-■';; COSTS. -: ■■•'■■ 7. Ik ease it appears on the trial that a demand in wbraooiti writing had been made of the dower claimed fromauowod. the teiiant one month before action brought, and that the akion was brought within a year from snol^ ^ deilnaiid, ooets shall be allowed to the demandant^ 1 whe^er damages be reooverable or not, in tbe,.same mann^ as costs are allowed to a plaintiff or defoidant in pejrsonal actions; but if it appears on the trial that ^e tenant offered to assign Uie dower demanded befoc0 aoti^ biong^t, the demandant shall no^ recb« TttTi^osts. (X3»14 Vic. eh, 85, sec 5.) / TBNAnT^ notify LAl^LORD. ' ^. In case a declaration or jJaint in dower be deli- Twotat ih vered to any tenant, not being tenant of the freehold, gt^'!M&^ Bi^h tenant shall forthwith give notice thereof to his^*^°^^' landlord, or to the servant, attorney, agent, bailiff or ; . recdver of his landlord, under, the penalty of forfeit- ing to the person of whom he holds, three years^ improved or rack-rent of the premises so demised, holdeii or in the possession of snoh tenant, to be recovered, by action of debt in any Gonrt <^ Beeord in 0ppar Canada. (13, 14 Yic. oh. 58, see. 6.) OCCUPANT NOT BEING TERRE TENANT, d. A recovery had against a mere occupier of the land, and wi^out notice to the terre tenant, shall "J '4 'f*-)', ■Jisn ^■**t^,>^- ^f«* "- J-'^U - OS ....... . .,'■■■'.. _ ♦ tK>WlB. ^'* WMtnoi Bdagtam .^i r .f •'^ hare no greater effect tlian a recovery in ejectment for the quantity of land aasigned as doWer in snob recovery Would liave W^ (18, U Vie cb. 68, a. 6.) Form of a declaration in dower (a). In the Queen'a Bench (or Common Pleaa). ' County of , \ The — -day of-^ A.I). 18 , To wit ) A. B., widow, who was the wife of C. D., deceased, by J. K. her attorney, demands against B. F. the t^ird paft of lot number (deteribe premiaet)) and of ten i messuages, ten bams, ten stables, two dwelling houses, four gardens, four orchards, two thousand acres of pasture land, two thousand acres of woodland, and two thousand acres of other land, with the appurtenances, in the town- ship of -^, in the county of — , as the dower of the said A. B. of the endowment of C^ P. deceased, heretofore her husband, who died seisdd of said lands, whereof she has nothing. t ir ^ . Attorney for A. B., demandant. f&rm of dedaration in dower and for nume profih. (^Samo €» above, and proceed after ih» word "nothing") and the said A, B. also claims damages for the detention firom her of her endowment in the said lands firom the death of her said husband, and the one-third of the mesne pfofits arising firom the (a) In a writ or count in www, the exact number of •toMOf land In respeotof whiohXdowet is demanded, is not material, &e. {Oerrard V* IW^? C. B. 281 } 18 Jfor. 8n;18IfcJ.C.P.388,) otment a SQoh , ». 6.) ►. 18 , lie wife smands leteribe Mf ten B, ibur id, two idaores B town- ower of ■:fm:r> d landSi ^- ■■ :■• ■ andant. prdJU$» « word lamages tin the ,nd, and lom the amber of uided, is • 18 Jar. .JDOWllt. ■■ flaid landa from the death of ber mucI hnsband ; and the demandant olaima X-*«—. m- ■ JV w . A..) -;*;■ . Attorney for A. B., demandant (For form of notice to be endonsed on declaration^ Bee BOO. 4.) Form of isme and tuggestion of service of demand of dower one month be/ore action brought, <kc, \. (Copy declaration and pleadings here.) The demandant, A. B., joins issne on the pleas q¥ the said tenant^ E. F., above pleaded, and suggests that one month before the commencement of this jmit, and within a year prior to the commencement thereof) she caused a notice in writiDg, demanding her dower in the said lot number — to be served on the said E. F., and requiring that dower be set oui to her thereon, that her husband died seised thereof, and that she had been heretofore deforced thereof. i \- J' K., Attorney, &o. {Copy abov^,&nd add the words, ''(Therefore let a jury come," &c.) : 4! Form (^ (^ ^0 A. B., of t!ie ^wnstiip of-— , in the county of — .• Take notice, that E.F., of thfr-^-^f^—^ widow of C. p., deceased, demands of you her dower of and in lot No.— ', in the ~-^ concession of the township of--.*-^ in the county of - — -, of which said lot her linabancCtLed seiied, and of wluch she has nothing; T - ,' f 100 *«K . f •nd miless you sluJl bavse her said dower to be assigned to her within one month from the date of the senrioe upon yon of this notice, an action will be brought agaitast yott to recover her said dower, and yon will be pat to ihe costs thereof, v. * w Attorney for E.F., of the of . Dated the -* day of A.D., 18 . " ■ .' ■ ■ ■ , * .'■'•■' ■ ' Ptyr^ of record. The same as in persoiaal actions (a). (a) Wmiamiy, Rider, 1 U. C. Prao. R«p. 41.) J • •■ -.^t: '.''■ ^^'-'-^^M^ "? s'r^X'^ / 101 lo bd tie of ill be r, and t )f / / AN A(^ RESPECTINa DOWER. ' OON. STAT. U. 0^ Ob. M. ^i Doww ow Her Majesty, by and with the advice and coneent of tbe Legifllatiye Oounpil and Assembly of Canada, enacts as follows 1 ' WIDOWS TO BE ENTITLED TO DOWER IN / -^ CERTAIN OASES. 1. Wben a hnsband dies beneficially entitled to . . , any Und, for an interest which does not entitle hisMteli|||^ widow to dower out of the same at law, and snob inieresty whether wholly equitable or partly legal and partly equitable, is an estate of inheritance in possea- sion, or equal to an estate of inheritance in posses- sion (other than an estate in joint tenancy), then his wid;ow shall be entitled in equity to dower out of the same land. (4 W. 4, ch. 1, ss. 13, 14, 15.) 2. When a husband hath been entitled to a right Donrar of entry or action in any land, and his widow would bud had be entitled to dower out of the same if he had reco-anSy. Tcred possession thereof, she shall be entitled to dower out of the same, although her husband did not recover possession thereof; but suojbtMower shall be sued (Of or obtained within the period during which such i right of entry or action might be enforced. (4 Wm. IV, ch. 1, sec. 14.) (i) (a) Action most be brought within twenty years from ^eatb of the hasband. {Oermanr. Cfroomt, 6 U.C.Q.B. 414 ; McDonald ▼. MeInto»K 8 U. C.° Q. B. 888.) MeLtUan et ux v. Me^gattt al, 7 U. G. B. 81. :> * 4" -ynr 'm DOWIB ABOLISHED IN CERTAIN OASEa ^/ 8. No widow iibftll bo entitled to dower ad oitium tccUtim, or dower «» fiiifnit* fotm, (4 Wm. IV. oh. 1, Mo. 16. V / HOW DOWER MAY BE BARRED. "^ • , 4. A married woman may bar ber dower in an^ _- /-vUnds or berediUmenU in Upper C^ada, by joining JSifSSd''' witb ber bnsband in a deed or oonteyanoe tbereof in id'SuT* wM^ a releaae of dower ia contained. (2 Vio. ob. 6, '/;■■■■.. ■■■ fe^.) ■■ '-.■-;-■:-....■ ■ ...,.^/ ■ &. A married woman may also bar ber dower ,iii wii«»»yany binds or bereditaments, by executing, eitber ***'TlS alone or jointly wirfi otber persona, a deed or con- veyance, to wbicb ber busband is not a party, con- taining a release of suob dower. (87 Geo. IIL cb. 7, •ec. 1. , 6. A married woman barring ber dower by a deed „-^ wifcor conteyance to wbicb ber busband is not a party, tiiST sball be examined by one of tbe judges of tbe Courto teffMMt ^^ Qtteen's Bencb or Common Beas in Upper Canada, or tbe judge of tbe County Court, or cbairman or presiding magistrate of tbe Court of Quarter S«h Bions, or two justices of tbe ^e for tbe county in wbicb sbe resides or bappens to be, toucbing ber consent to be barred of ber dower. (87 Geo. III. cb. 7, aec. 1 J 8 Wm. IV. cb. 9, sec. 1 j 2 Vie. cb. 6j 60 Geo. Ill, cb. 10, sec. 1.) , : , 7. If sucb married woman, upon being so eiam- CtrtMflO. ined, gives sucb consent, and tbe same appears to tbe ' * judge, cbairman, or presiding magistrate, or justices examining ber, to be voluntary, and not tbe effect of ;■ «■ ■■ fc..; ■ ' * V, ■.T"- ^r","*? Downu 108 ooeroioD on the part of hn bmUnd or of any other person, snob judge, chtirmtn or presiding justice or justices shall certify on the hack of the deed to the following effect (87 Geo. III. oh. 7, sec 2) : fhrm. ' We, A. B. and C. D., of the county of , in the Province of Canada, Esquires, two of Her Majesty's justices of the Peace in and for the said - ' county (or /, a jttdge, &o., as the case may be), do _^ _ certify that B. F., wife of G. F., personally appeared before us (or iii«, as iiie case may be), and being duly examined by us (or n%e) touching her consent to be barred of her right of dower of and in the lands , , t in the within deed mentioned, it did appear to us (or me) that the said E. F. did give her consent thereto freely and voluntarily, without coercion or tear of coercion on the part of her husband or of any Other person. (Signed) A. B. Datedai — — . , CD. (8 Wm. rV. cap. 0j' sec. 1.) " \ 8. A married woman, being within the United JJ^^^^ Kingdom of Qreat Britain and Ireland, or any of ^>«, Her Majesty's colonies, or the United States of America, and there barring her dower by any^deed or conveyance to which her husbandvk not a party, shall be examined as mentioned in thd/sixth section of this act, by the mayor or chief magistraterof a city or town, if in the United Kingdom, or, if in a colony or one of the United States, by a judge of the supreme court of the colony or state j and if she givea' snob consent, and the same appears to the person so > '^^^t a*.- X5 •^ ij?iT' ' lOi iKmni ?;:^4A ' i**ti mx H examiniog to b« ftee'and Tdlantary, and nut tlio effeot of anj ^roion as aforosaid, snoh person shall eertify on the hack of the deed to the effeot prescribed bj the scTenth section of this ^L (48 Geo. III. oh. 7,«c.i.) ■ :^*- v ■ a9^ Any oerttfioate under the last section of this Orrtiaeiit^aot shall, if granted by a mayor or chief magistrate, be under the oommop leil of the city or town over which such mayor oir^ chief magistrate presides, or finder the seal oflplQ^ of such mayor or chief magistrate; and if grants by a judge, such certifi- cate shall be TCiified by the seal of the person admiif. latering the government oCibe colony or state of which the person certifying is a judge. (48 Qeo. III. ch. 7, ss. 2,8.) > - "^ 10. No deed or conreyance of a married woman* iTaiMi thtto which her husband ia not a party, shall be effectual fvrtir, .lower to bar her dower, unless the directioq|i contained in ii!ko«t , the sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth sections of this act (cm the cate may be) are complied with. (87 Geo. ill. ch. 7, sec. 1.) 11. A fee of one dollar may be demanded for any eertifioate under this act. (60 Geo. III. ch. 10, sec. 2 ; 8 Wm. IV. ch. 9, sec. 2.) 'W 105 ».:i AN ACT FOR THE BETTKK ASSIGNMENT ' OF DOWER IN UPPER CANADA. ' .... • " S4 TIO. 0H4P. 40. ; , AflsenM to 18th May, 1861. Her Majesty, by and with the advice, &o., enaeta • aa foIlowiT: I, Whenever a widow's right to dower shall ^■▼«,|^'!tjfy been established in an action for that purpose, Bhe| [^;|^^y » shall be entitled to sue oot from the oonrt in whieh . snob action shall have been brought, iipon the jadg- : ^ ment entered in such action, a writ of assignment of dower, directed to the sheriff of the county where the lands lie out of which dower has been acQudged to her, which writ shall be in the form |iereinafter provided for. (a) • 2. .Where there exists an outstanding claim for ^ ▼'**«' a*, dower in any real estate in Upper Canada, and the ^«*r wImi* owner of such real estate acquiesces therein, and, iswo^ehuoi ImtpartiM willing to assign dower, but the partieft are not» ya» agreed as to the admeasurement thereof, it shall be£^M Uwful for either of them to apply to a judge of either of the superior courts of common law in Upper Canada, or to the judge of county court (or union of counties) in which the lands lie out of which dower is demanded, for a writ of (6) assigbment of dower ■k' rarwiuntor 1. . (a) This form is not given. (b) Form given by rule of eonrt 16ih February, 1862, me supra. -* 1^. ■^ ^ttfe^ ■ tr*\ - ^-n A 106 'M Down. ''m aKJS «Qa<r til* prorUtoBi ot thli tot; and mob jadg« upon being Mtufled by evideoc« on iffidafU tbtt tba parties agree aa to the existence of^the right of dower, shall order such a writ to the proper sheriff in that behalf. 8. The sheriff to whom snob writ is directed, shall appoint three repuUble and disinterested freeholders oommissioners for the purpose of making admeasure- ment of the dower, by rfn order which shsU specify the lands of which dower is to be admeasured, and ' -. ' { .: ; .- ' ihe time at whiob the opmmin iopers s hall report. 4. The commliiloneri iO appointed, Wore enter- fWr^ing upon their duties, shall be sworn before the **"*^ sheriff who appointed them, or before some officer euthoriied to Uke affidavits, tUt they will faithfully etid impartially discharge the duty and execute the trust reposed in them by such appointment; and if OtiLr«»*^>« P«"on8 so appointed oommissioners, or either of U2J*j«^tbem, shall die, resign, or neglect, or refuse to serve, others may be appointed in their places by the sheriff who appointed the first commissioners, and sball take tbe same oath. 5, The commissioners so appointed shall execute their duties as follows : . 1. They shall admeasure and lay off, as speedily ftoadniM- as possible, the one-third of theiands embraced in 9tMm9t M!dSrLd»ihe oi^er for their appointment as the dower of such "*"* ata. widow, designating such part witb posts, stones, or other permanent monuments. 2. In making snob measurement, they shall take into view any permanent improvement made upon tbue Janda ei^^oed in the said order by^any guai- 7: -^ W^'"- . r BOWtti 107 dkn of minor, heir, or oUier owner rinoo tlia imih ^^^^ of the hanband of luoh widow, or since the time that' •nch Undi otme to be owned by any pereon or per- ^^ "•* ■onabythe alienation of theaaid hasband, or by];; ;;;*;^^ title derited through hia, and if practioable ihaUSk^ award anch improvement within that part of the . landa not allotted to anoh widow, and if not praoti- . ' '*. cable BO to award the same, they fihall make a de- daotion fW>m the landa allotted to each widow, pro- portionate to the benefit she will derive from snch ^; part of the said impro? emeoti as shall, be indaded ;; ^^ in the portion aasigned to her. 8. If, firom the improvements upon saoh lands or AJMraMytai oCher peculiar cironmstanoes,. the said commissioners whra th* ' A. ' shall find that an assignment of snch dower cannot im bjrii be made, so as to be fair and. juat to all parties by ""l**^ metes and bounds, they shall assess the amount of a yearly sum of money in lieu thereof; and in assess- ing the said annuity, they shall take evidence of all the facts and circumstances relating to the said lands and the improvements thereon, making allowances for such improvements in the same way as would have been done if the assignment had been made by metes and bounds, and shall with their return to the ,^ sheriff, return all the evidence upon which they have g*y»^ acted, to be t^ken in writing on oaUi »nd subscribed by the witni 4. Such annuHTshsll be a lien upon the entire of. AnBvUjrto the said lands, ttUNiss the said commissioners shall with right pr think it just |o confine the lien to a part thereof, and shall be recoverable in such payments as thd jud oommissioneis shall direct, by distretr ioUie \' j:-^tr -■#,» v-^ lOB IWWIB. tt -'f -*<»' *• ii,<«' iftine manner u rent, in addition to tlie wmal per- lonal remedj against the owner of the land. ' ' 6. The said oommissionen shdll make their retnm M direoted to the aheriff, with a fnll and ample re- I. port of their proceedings, with the quantity eourses and distances of the land admeasured and allotted to the widow, with a description of the posts, stones, and othei' permanent monuments thereof. 6. They may employ a surveyor with n e ei ewnt y ""^^^Maistanti, to md them in such admeasurement ^6. The^sheriff may, upon the application of the ►"^w temil H— aiy said commissioners, or other party, enlarge the tii|(? S!3r for making their report, and may hy order, odtnp^' '4. such leporty or dischai^ such commissioiiers neg- >i looting to mak^ the same, and appoint others in their ' places; and sudli report when made and confirmed, B«pofftto shall he filed with the proceedings in the cause thirty feSriSJ^days'thereafter; and a certified copy thereof may be **^ "^ xegisUred in the registry office for the county where the lands are situated^ > ^ . i. The sheriff to Whoin such report s^all he made net nay may, at the time for receiving the same, or at such '**''* other time to which the hearing shall have been ad- journed, on good cause shewn, set aside the said leport, and appoint as often as may he neeessary new oommissibners, who ^all proceed in the man- ner hereinbefore directed; and if not set aside, the sheriff' shall by order to be endoised upon the writ, confirm the said report and admeasurement. 8. The report so made and confirmed, shall, at the laiS expiration of thirty days from the date of such eon- irmatioui unless appealed from, be binding and con- teMtt iMOrt d«grt / nil per- rniani ople re- courses >tted to stones, MiBSSity Dt. of tibe hetii|^ 6dtnp<^'« ersneg- in their ifirmedy le thirty 'may be y where be made at such been ad- bhe said eeessary he man- tde, the lie writ, II, at the aoh eon- andeon- <WWr SiMHffto ddlT«r ,-4- dnnve upon all the parties ta the action in which the writ of assignment of dower was issued, and the sheriff shall, at the eipiration of thirty days from the date of saoh confirmation, nnless the same be appealed from, deliver possession of the land admeasured to the ohkimant for her dower; and she may hold the same subject to the payment of all taxes and charges accruing thereon subseqiient to her taking 0^ Within thirty days after the order of eonfirma- AppMi tion of the report of the commissioners, any party 2S^!2Sm interested may appeal from such order injthe Court JJJS'* in which the proceedings have been carried on, in the manner hernnafter directed. , 10. 8ttch ^peal shall be ll^ 4iih the sheriff PioM6dk«i gianting the order, but shall not be effectual or valid *^. *''**'* fat Wf purpose until a bond to the adverse party riMdl be ezeetlted by the appelknt and filed with the said sheriff with security to be approved by him, H~. and lo>be evideueed by an endorsement on such BMority. bond, in the penal sum of one hundred dollars, cob* ditioned for the diligent prosecution of such appeal, and for the pi^nient of all costs that maybe adjudged by the court against such' appellant ; and no other Mtioe shall be nepessaiy to perfsot such i^peal. 11.. It shall be the duty of the sheriff with w^oiA SMtf to such itppeal bond shall be. filed, to transcribe the^SS^^to order of evidence, report, and other proceedings had before him, together with the said appeal, and to eurtify the same under his official seal, and to trans- mit the same to the p^per officer of the court ap** pealed to; and the oourt sliall proceed at the next iff' >A itlWQMrt. .1 In^**^ »g*" 110 3V' enining term after mich tmniiniarioti, ind not Utet . " tban the eeoond term after the makiqg of the order appealed ftom, to reticw the proceedings upon the tMid application, and shaU do therein what ahall he just ^ '•' ' 12. In case of the rcTersal of the order of oon- b«Mor firmation, the court shall cause the same to he oerti- SSSJit fied to the sheriff making such order, to the end that JSS."^ new commissionerB may be. appointed, or a new .admeasurement may he hadjas the said court may direct; dr the court majL itself appoint such com- missioners. "" \ * 41.J 18. In all cases coming under section one of this Act, the costs of proceedings hereuniler shall follow the suit, and shall he recoverabU by writ of Jieri fieiaBf from the goods and chattels, or lands of the defendant in audi stdtj and in all othw^cases all mieh eofts shall be in Ac discretion of the court or judge issuing the writ of assignment of dower j profided thafrin both classes of oases aU coats in appeal shidi be in tl* discretiou of the court of U. The bearing of an appeal shall" be btought of only in the ordpiiary practice, as in cases of an appeal from the county courts and the court may, by «!• ^reot liirther returns from any^sheriff whenever the same shall be neeeiiaiy. 16. The tupwior courts of <|pipmon law shaM fbme a fbrm of irtit of asstgnment of dower, and rjfim faeias tot coste, adapted to the protirions of Oomto Mlowih* rmm. Ctovtoto ^^^ this Act, and any oOier Aot'in force in Upper Cana- t^ d» ieift^ug to Bower, and shall ^ettfelfi ftes to be alloi fori , 1< Mid has] befo l-J noth impi of t1 IJ with oftl mom been hold M in ca hmd the 1 may may « % WifftSL ^ 111 ot latet iO order K>n the AiaUbe of ooH' »e oerd- sndihat • new iri may 5I1 com- lof iltis U follow of/ieri [g of the MUMI all oonrt or dower; eoils in conrl <»f * bwoght i6?«rihe inr tbiU tisioDi of allowed to the sheriSTi cdmmiasionerSi and all othera fbrBerrices. 16. This Act sliall be eonfioed t6 Upper Canada, i^^g^J^ and shall not affect cases where the right to Dower has become consummate by the death of the husband ■ • % before the passing ihereofl 1 17. In estimating damages fSpr detention of dower, ■it nothing shall be allowed for the tise of permanent or doirar. improvements made after the alienation by or death of the husband of the claimant _;- —ii^ -i __|^ >«■!' 18. No action for dower shall be brought but - umitetiini within tn^ty years from the death of the husband £!IS^*^ of the person claiming dower, not until one calendar month's notice in writing, demanding the same has been giyen by the claimant to ihe tenant of the Af^ee- ^hold..::-;;. ' .^\\y^-- ■-■■■■ ■-'-■':'--■ ■■■.;■■■■:■/■ 19, Ifor shall any such action be hereafter brought Nottow in ease the claimant joined in a deed to convey the dSSut^ land or release dower therein to a purchaser, though f^'^ *^ the acknowledgment required by law at the time may not hare biton had, or though any informality may have oocunredin respect thereof. ~£t''--> ?. At y, i.',' T » ( •» i in ,1 i?HB AOTFOE THB BBTtKK ASSIGNMBOT OF X^OWBSL, • ^ ■ The law of dowei ia Upper Ctoad* W rfwaj* tgjX, ^tt a subject of much perplexity to the lawyer, SSw- EDd of more or leas oppwssioa to i^ laud owner. While dower was, in th<joiy, for the support of ' ihi>,ddpw, in piacace it yielded her little ornothbg and, worse atili, caused mmeli loss to tte owner of the^' ■■^' . ,* . TMp 1»^ *k« «»Wy Uie aim of the dgiieiess was isther to levy* money eompensaaon than to have the enjoymeiit <tf ene-thiird of a biist 1<J, wliiob, owing to the ewstice of ihe prlp^eyal «wM„»^ e6«il4 not oultifate; or eren pne-ihird of a lot partly elearad, of which, for wint of means, she ccjuld . make no iise. ,, In truth, no greater punishment could^ in many oases, be inflioted upon the claimant than to admit her ohum and to permit her to take po^ession of that wkich apparently Ae so earnestly pmod. But eren: here theie was a difficulty : pajties, owing pro- hably to the fiwt that the daim for one-third of the laud w^a only a pretence, could not agree upon the portion 4o U assigned, and an ac^n for dower, with its attendaniexpenses, TfW *be consequence. m joat to:, of the j thesaiiii ' * ' * 1 ,ti' damagei imprbvf workio(^ Was it \ toy of I eorrespoi motion f her, wer atat^ofl Theli ."place th footing ii Upper C and does baabeooi before IS It is 1 damages aUowed f ifter^the the. elaiii dower sh frQm tha^ dower, n I writing d *t \Y¥ or the i tiieii inppoM the right to doir«r ooncedldcl, was U Tfc«iei»i JMt to »Ho«r the widow to havo not only ooe-thirdX!!!^ of the lot w left by^her decoised ha9bi|Dd, hat at"^*^ tho aame tiiBo, m conaeqneoo^ of bor own neglect to phim iiBtnodiato dower, to give her, by way of damages for detention, the benefito of sabseqqent impiOvements f Waa it fair to carve out of the dentfe of a farm one^third of it, so as to render the . working of the ij^mainder minously expensive f \ Was it fight for the law qapricionaly to impoveriah *= any of Her Majesty's sulyects, without, «t least, a florresponding benefit to her Who pot the lav in . motion? , These MdsimiUr questions, without num. her, were daily asked, b\it owing to the vexatious rtate of the law, oould ttot be satisfactorily answered^ \ ^ The legislature has at length made an attempt to place the law of dower upon a more satisfactory ■"■ footing; in passiugrthe Act 24 Vic. cap. 40, entitled «Aii 4ct for the better, assignment of Dower in UpjMsr Cawda." It ia confined to Upp^r Canada, and does notaflfect cases where the right, to doWer' fcas become coQsumoiate hy the death of the husband before l^tii Jfay, la^l. (Sec. 10.) It is by this Act enacted, that "in estimating dama^ for detention of dower nothing shall be illowed fo^ the use of permanent improvements made ■'^r*H*^«"**^^l>^JrPrd«»th of, the husband of the claimantr (sec 17) ; and that '* no action Tot dower shall he brought hut within twenty yean ^"* *^« 4««'^ of the husbSand <Jf the poison claiming dower, noir until one ealenilar Month's notice, in writing demanding t|ie n 114 b' ^ MifcrdtimMit to the teonnt of the freehold (i«o.lS>|Tr ifl also very properly entotod, thai no tnch .ction iball be herwifter brought "in caietho okimaiit joined in a deed to convey the laUd or releww^dowef tbeiein to a puwhaMt, though tTTe-aeknowtedgmettt reqaired l^ bur at the time may not hUfO been^pd* or tbottgU any Informality may have occurred In wapedtlbljteof/' (8eo.l9.)^ . ^v; The leidiog featnree of the Act, however, are two. Kitt, ti provicle facilities for the issue of a writ of usknment of dower ^ and, secondly, to provide a meaw^ wheieb|^he a*iignmiint of dower may be, as fitr aa posaiMei^roisonablejand ji^^^ j v^^: y^^^^in fAcitrai® FOB ISSUE m, A witm : ■ , Whew there exists an onfeUtedinifclaimfor dower in any real estot% in tipper Canada, ?nd^ the owner it the v»i «>*•*« aoquiesoea therein and is wiUiog to assign dower, but th^ parties f«|«* 'K"?? *' *^, the admeasurement, it is made lawfiil forUither of the parties to w>y to i Judge of ei^ <^ th^ superior conrta of common lawyer to the judg^of the county court of the county in which ihe lands lie, out of whic^ doirer is demanded, for a writ of tssign- -mentof dower. (Sedfe.) It must be made to appear to the satisfcotion.of the^jttdge, by evidence on affi- davit (intitled, it is presumed, in one «f the courts) that the parties igree as to the existence of the right of dower. This ittte fbntidation of the summary jimidiction. When it is e«tobtished to the saUsfac- tion of the judge, he in anthorixed,^ without suit or 0tb0r proceeding, to or^er the writ of MMgnment of 4- 1 . V ■■■• '■■,' ..'■•;.;. ■ : do^er the lai So, wl ' in an 1 . OjBtfh writ of the . be sue dirael4 intend snperi< :'" ■ assigni adapte Lf-'> Act 11 (Sec.^ DUT^ » , f Iti writ ii , disinte pose oi appoin 1. Thi B).|Tr actlpii AimaDt I dower Igmeot rrcd ID * i "^ ..' ■'•'' ' t^~' ' *-"■ ;■•;■■ )i^^f, ,:*^:f' " tro two. t writ of * ovide a f be,M »r dower ' iO owner 1 WlUlDg ledae i<} sither of > r of the Jadgie of laDdflllei )f aes^- to appear e on affi- e oourts) tberiglit Baminaiy' isadaiae- lismt or lameiit of ^.Jr', *- 'i do^^r to iaane lo the sheriff of the oonnty in which ^g^rijiifct the land liesyout of which the dower ii demanded. MNtBM So, whenever a widow's right to dower is established in an action for that purpose, she is entitled to sne ojDt fh>ni the court in which the action is brought a writ of assignment of dower, under the'proTislons'^ of the Act. The writ must, of course, in this case be aued out upon the judgment, and in anjr esse b# ' dirteted to the proper sheriff. (Sec. 1.) | MrmofWriL ~7f The Iiegislature hss not giren the form of the writ intended, but, on the oontrarj, declared that the superior courts of common hiw shall frame a^rit of assignment of dower, and Jieri faciai for costSy adapted to the provisions of this Act and any othtor Act in force in Upper Canada relating to dower." DUtY OF SHERIFF U^N RECEIPT OF WIUT. f It is made the doty of the sheriff to whom the writ is directed, to appoint three reputable and disinterested freeholders ootaimisiiioDen, fbrtho pur- pose of making admeasurement of^the dower. The appointment must be by an order which shall specify, 1. HiJB lands of which dower is to be admeasured; aa4 2* The time at which th^ commiasionent shall "report. (Seo.8.). " v ' ,OATH OF COMMISSIONER^. ' ' Before entering sioners must taj^e oath is given, but it i- upon their duties the confmis- an oath of ofllce. Ko form of' must be to the effeolb that *f they '*-* '^ M w Art ' I ,t #■■ A^wiU fiuthrallj, hoQ«9Uj, aod impartiallj ditoharg* the dotj and execute the tnwt reposed in them bjt. : the appoiotDieDi." The oath maj be admiDietered . by thi^ sberiff wjho iQade the appoiDiineDt, or befor«i > •one offieer aatboriccid to take aflEklatita. (8. 4^) There is nq obligaiioii op the pari of .apj peik>ii to . aoqept. of; tl^e, appqiotmfiiitt It m^J be refused^ aodt f ' even if accepted, it ironld appear, may. be neglectediv.:. -^without any very aerious consequences. It is, how«^ ^ evef, to be presnmed that any person who takes the oath << faithfully, honestly and Impartially^' to dis^' ., charge the duty will not be guilty of neglect, i^^ I^ROVISIOK IN CASE OF DEATH OR EKSld. >., , I^ATKW OF CQMMIS8WNER9, v >v-/j| If tbe persons appointed commissioners or Itny oii^ i^ either of them die, resign, neglect or refuse to servJe, f otberi may be appointed in their places b/ iko Bheriff. Persons so appointed most take the oath befbris mentioned. - GENERAL p^TY 0? COMMISSIONERS. fH ,%het commissioDem:are reqaired "as speedily as possible^' to liiy off the one-third of the lands em^/^ braced in the order for that appointment as the dowefL^ .1 'of tbe widow. The part sp admeasiired and laid oi^^i . inast be by the commissioners designated with posts, ttones, or other permanent monuments. (Sec. b, iub-secl.) ^ ^ ^ ^ \ ' RULE TO BE OBSERVED AS TO IMPROVEMENTS.^^^ Ifi .foaking the adm^urement,,ih0 oooliiQissiqnerftm lire 'ra(|nir0d to tal^e into yteif aqy permaueqt \ah •I ■ «■■ . ,-. ^v- 'Mi- jm^^m'. ijf .yy- IKiWiBt provement made vpoQ the k&da ombnused ia the order, bj any guardian Qr minor heir, or other owner, •»*v>mm ■in6e the deofth df the fa^Ddlordf, or aince the time*'*^' that the lands came to be owned by any person or persons by the mlionation of the hnsband^ or by title derived through him. If p^oUoable^ the commig- sioners must award the impi^yement within that pari of the dower not allotted to the wid^w. If not - practicable so to award it, they shall make a dedno- tlon from the lapds allotted to the widow propor- tionate to the benefit she will derive fnwo sneb^art of the improvements as may be inoladed in the por- tion assigned to her. (8eo. 6, snb-sec. 2.) - '■' '■■.'■' : . : '.. ■ .: " ' ■ ■ ■■■■'■'■■ ■ •" •..■■■■:' f\< ..■:.;-;. POWER TO AFABD ANNUITY IN LJEU OF •©OWBR. It is not, underall eironmstanoes, imperative npon the commissioners to make an actual assignment of dower. If, from the improvements upon the bpd, or other pecti/mr circumstances, the commissionera find that an assignment of dower cannot be so made as to be fair and just tQ all parties by metes and bounds, they may assess the amount of a yearly sum of money in lieu thereof. In asse^ng the annuity they must take evidenee of all f^tr^md ciroum- stanees relating to the knds ^nd the improtements ,• thereoo, making allowances for the improvements in the same waJ aejwould have been done had the ' assigoment Wen ilde by metes and bounds. The evidence should be Ukoi in writing on oath, and be *'' Bubstnbedi-'by thet witnetsies. It must be returned to the sheriC (Seo^5, sub sec. 8.) '# ,1 - A ( 4v <" J lltr DOWKR. /" ./■■• fc': ft*'. ■ ./ 'ANNUITY— ITS BFFECT, AND HOW RBCOVEBABLl, {^ K .The anDoity will be » Ken upon the entire of the lands unless the oommissioners think it jost to eon- ' fine it to a part, and then only to snoh a part. It will be paytble as the oomniissioners may direet, and recoTerable by distress in the same manner, as rent. The osoal personal remedy against the owners , of the land may also be preferred and be had. (See. )i'-. SMPLOYMSNT Of A SDRV«YOR. i When an admeasnrement is necessary , the com> missioners may employ a sonreyor, with Qeeessary assistants, to aid them in the admeasurement. (See. 6, sub4«c. 6.) > , mBPORT OF COMMISSIONEltS. J The repor^ or return must be by the commissioners directed to the sheriff, with a full and apple report of their proceedingSi with the quantity, courses, and distances of the land admeasured aod'allotted to the widow, with a description of the posts, stones, and other permanent monuments thereof. (Sec. 5, subp ■eo. 6.) ,■■.' / . ^^ "' * ■ •■;;. •■ : C6NTR0LUNQ POWER OF SHBRIFF^COIiFJBM- ATION OFltEPORT. The sheriff is empowered, upon the application of the commissioners, or of either party, to enkrge the time for making the report. He may a%, by order, oonptd-the report or discharge the commissiouen neglecting to make the same, and appoint others in their j^fiees. (Sec ,6,) When the report is made. ^ ^ :i Down. N 119 tiMkaMw ii« ma^, at t|ie time for f«cei?!iig It, or al W6li ^htr^ '*• a^«*^ time to wbioh tlie heariog shall have been adjourned 00 good oaose shewn, set aside the report, and ap- point new oommissionera as often as majr be neoes- aary. If not aet aside, the aheriff is required 'by order to be endorsed on the writ, to oonfirm the leport and admeasurement. (See. 7.) ^- 1 *'' RBPOBT, WHEN ABSOLUTE. . Th^ report, wlien made and oonfirmea> is to be filed with the proceedings in the oaose thirty days thereafter. (See. 6.) ' The report ^ made and eon- firmed- at the expiration of thirty days from the date of 'donfirmation,.QnIe88 appealed from, is binding and conolnsive'bpon all parties to the action in which the writ of assignment of dower was issued. ^Seo. 8.) . BIOttT'OF' APPEAIn Aoy party interested may^ppeal from the order of confirmation of the rep6rt\f the .commissioners in the court in which the prdceediogs have been carried on. The appeal must be mtlde within thirty^ days after the order of confirmation. (Sec. 9.) m OF APPEAL, BOND. Ac. r 1%i i^>peat must be filed with the sheriff who granted the order. li will not, however, be effec- tual or valid for any purpoae, until a bond to the adreise purt^,48 executed by the appellant^ aiid filed jf itlT the i^eriff with security to be approved by him'. . The approval must be evidenced by an en- dorsement ou the bond. The bond itself must be in the i^nal sum of flOO, and copditioned for the dili- i • ■ t : I g$ni proMOQtlon of tliie appeal, anil payment of all ' ooila that may be adjudged bj the ooort againit the appellant. (8eo. 10.) - ' , DOTT (» 8HERIIV WHEN MND APPROVED! * II ii made the datj of the aherifT with whom th«»'^> {tppeal bond ia filed^l. To tranaoribe the order, •tideooe, report, and other prooeedinga had bofor t ' bim; together with tbe appeal. 2. To certify th« ■ame under hia olfioial seal; and, 8. ^o tranimil - the lame to the proper officer of the court appealed - ^(.^n.) ,^ ,^ ,,„^^ BIVIIW or PROCEKDINQ8 BY THE COURT. Ifl H^ to which the apptt! t«Bi3i;liT«qttfi^M^ to proceed at the next enaniog term after the trana- niaeion, and not later than the second term after the making of the order appealed from, to review th*e prooeedinga Bpon the application, and to do therein << what ahaU be joat." (3qc. U.) '%* •,•)!•» ■ #»■ HKARINQ OP APPEAL. #' Tbe bearing ahall be brought on by the ordinary praotioe aa io oaaea of an appeal from the oouotj^ <H>urt, and the covrt may by rule direct farther re- ' tarda from any ah^rif whenever ^he same shall be neceaaary. (8eq.^ lyj;' ^.^^ .\ '■^'/('■■.■^ " PROOBM^aS tJTI*0!? REti^AL. In ease of the revemal of the order of ooolrma- tion, the court ia to canoe the same to be certified : to the sheriff miking the order, to the end that new opmmissioneip Bwy bo appmnted or a new admeasi^re- " •.^. ■eni be h»d, m the court maj iirtei. (See. 12.) The J^ ooart itMlf bbaj, if il flee fit, eppoint the oommb-ji •ionen. {lb.) \ • ^ . DUTY OF SHE&IFT If KO APPBAL. If then be no appeel withio the time limited for the porpoee, it ii the daty of the aheriff to deliver poeaoaaion of the land admeaanred to the claimanl fyt her dower, and ahe may hold the aame, anbjeol ^ the peynenl of all tazee and chargea aoeniisg thereon anhaeqnent to her taking poaflearion. ■;••■*:■:' .•'•■■■'CosTs^',, ^-,--' ■•- . •' ';■-' Ai ^ eaflea wheie a widow'a right to dower it tMibllihed in an aotion for that pnrpoae, the eoata of ffoeeedinga for the aaaignmeni of dower fbllow th«^ ■ait, and are leooTemble by writs Qt^erifaeiM front the gooda and ehattela or lands of the defendant im^ the anit. (See. 18.) In all other oaaea the coata at# in the diflcr^tiion of the ^oort or judge thai iflaaea; Hie writ of aaaignBent of dower. (76.) Bntinbotih' nlawna of oaaea all ooata in appeal are in the diaoi^ tion of the oonri of appeal. (i6.) Power la eon-* ferred upon the Superior Conrta of Common Law tor flettle tha feea to ha allowed to the aheiiff, aommi^r aioMM, aad ill othen fiv aerfieei. (Sea 16.) >\'f* - , ;^ J 1«(«ST»T OF BEPpim ;. • ,,„,,, . A eert^ oopy of the report may ha legiitered In the regiitiy oiloe for ihe oonnty where thf Ifndi 181 I '* 4 ^3=k ,^^ li >"^j'- •>># ■*^r 'V' "^^ •^liN. ■-''■'i^ ^■^•- ' ': , '■ • ■■'': M'' ''} PABTlTIOar ANH SJOJB OF ftSAL ISTATB. ("rji;- ( •,-i' im.« t * . -'iv- CON. «CAT, U.a, OMr.SI. ■fi f 80. WK^Btf ir tlie artato of «i^ ttaant in doiirer, Qr of any t^Mttii tgr ilio ooortaij or for lifo to the irhole or to any part of the estato, has \ieen admitted 1i>7 the partieiy or asott^iaiiied by the oonrt to be esiflliag m tbt time of the order &rMi<^ ode, ttd tb9 |MWB entilled to tn^ ertale hai been aaade tk ytt^4» the f i o ei ieii pi^ the oomit ahaB ftut deter- adM lieiber jttch eaiato o«^ to be oxempted finrn tie aa%i9f idMlihflr the iiiM ahoild be o^ld I a^ miiaag enoh detorminati^, ifegard ahatt be hadto tihe iaienite if aM the aad if a «ala be 3* A* otdeted iMfludiog miik eata*^ all the artiAe and iitoaiH of eniry pieh toMHit ahaU pu» ih&nkiff aid theiprntohaaar^ hia heiai aod aetfgnii ahatt boMsaoh feemiito fioed iiid diaahaigeid ftem ill ehdiii bf ^riitiio of tlie «Mito or intaMil of aay 4|toh teuml^ wheihav thfe BHiie be towyoadindedibaie^r toths whole or any part of the premiaes aold; and the ooortdiaUdbMt^epayiiieiitiif ttiohirom in grosa 4«l<tf thft |«rdiiaeKHMi«y to the penon entitled to MMk do^»^ or ettlile by Mnileay orfer lift, w lAay' be deemedi npon the prindplw afyplieabie lb Hf» annnitieBy a reaaonable aaiufiMStion for aaoh eatato. (20 ^d^. 6^ aep. U.) '^ ^ ^ ■\ ■ ■ T:- ^m^:* 'ii\k^'''Ti^,h Dowmt. m < /• rr. "^ ABBBABS 01* BOWXR. OOMBOL. BTAT. U. 0^ OiA». 88, BiO. II. No aneaiB of dower, iior ray fiUmaget on Mootnt no of saoli anOAn, shall be ieeo?ered or obtained by any u i ** iodon or anit, for a longer period Uian aix yearn next tiuHS before tho oommencement of saoh action or rait (4 Wm. IVJch. 1, see, 44.) | J^nd ihe aud (A« 5 }»jiriire of tbe aaid (grtmUni)^ beieby bare her dower in the aaid knda. ^ &' m I i«i»i«> M t'^: >.1tui * Vo AN ACT BEgPEOTINGf MARBUGB8 IN ; UPPJEB CANADA. OONSOIk 0UX. V. a, Our. 73. 'if.; 1. The minuten ancholergymeii of eveiy olraroli and religions denomiDation in Upper Canada, dnly ordained or appointed aocording to the rites and cere- monies of the ohorohes or denominations to whioli^. iktf lespeetivelj belong, and rodent in ^ppeif Canada, may, by Turtne of sneb ordination or appoint ment, and aeoording to the rites and usages of snch ehnrehes or denominations respeoti?eIy, solemnise the ceremony of marriage between any two pmsons ii<>t under a legal disqualification to contract snch Carriage. (20 Vic. ch. 66, s. 1; 11 Geo. IV. ch. 86, sec. 8.) '■'^. ■-■.-. 2. But no minister cr clergyman shall celebrate the ceremony of mairiage between any two poisons, unless dnly authorised so to do by license under the hand and seal of the goyemor, or, if not so author-^ ised, theD- unless the intention of the two persons to intermarry be prochumed openly and in an audible. Toice in the church, chapel, meeting>house, or place of public wonUp of tiie congregation or religious community with uliich the minister or clergyman is connected, on three iB?eral Sundays, immediately before the serrice begins, or immediately after it ends, or at wAne intermediate pari of the serrice, together with the number of such proclamation, af^ > z^^ )• 1 IK>WXII. '1M '^>: M V being tfi^ fint, Beooiicl or tliit^ tiine of anlnDg. (88 Geo. III. eh. 4, sec. 4 J 11 Geo. if . eh. 86, mc. 6.) ^ . 8. It shall not be a valid objection to the legality Novdid of a marriage that the same was not solemnised in athatitivw oonseorated ohnroh or chapel, or within any partioa-ehmdKir lar honn. (88 Geo. 8, oh. 6> sec 6.) ^f*"^^ iMflir 4. Every clergyman or minister who celiebrateii a marriage in Upper Canada, shall, if required' at the^SSSi time of the marriage by either of the parties thereto* JSjSSSl^ ^ give a certificate of the marriage odder f is hand' specifying the names of the persons married, the time of the marriage, and the names of twb oi more ^ persons who witnessed it, and specifying also whether the marriJEige was solemnized pursuant to license or after publication of banns; and the clergyman or minister may demand twenty-five cents for the certi- ficate, firom the person requiring it. (20 Yio. o. 66| B0C.-2.)- ■■-.;.,., ■:-::;, . -• ■ >-:'^-;;-:^ \- 5. Every dergynian or minister shall, immediately Mnktarto after he has solemnized a marriage, enter in a book, £^2!^ to be kept by bim fot the purpose, a true record of ^°^^ ihe marriage; and shall, on or before the ftrst day.of Febmaiy in every year, return a certified list of all marriages by him solemnised during the year ending on the thirty-first day of December next preceding, tiooMtk** to the registrar of the county in which the °M^*gMS^'{/uM have taken place, and shall, at the time, of making B«i>>*nr* the return, pay or transmit to the regbtrar one dollar ^ as his fee thereon. |20 Vic. cap. 66^ sea 3.) 6. (For form of record see t^tatute.) ' * } ] . 7. On receipt by the regbtrar of any such list, be sball file the same among the papers of his office. it '1- . »:*« . .<• ■ \ ■''(■ ;» > ,'.«.v. ■>» % ^ jiliiiiVmd i^oord tU fftiM la t book it lUWpl 1^ Uia f<ir . tlie f i«rpwe| »i4 in JdH of tho dentil ot iOmooo >f ' tbe wkoe^BOK to ft maitii^^ Book rtipM§r, or a ooiti. M eopfy eball be mifl^oientetidenoe of tlie mam»ge, «iid the lej^iBtrw fhitli givo » oertifted oopy of* ww- "liftge repord to ad j penon deniaiiduig tbe mmo, on jp«jm«iit of fifty eeoti* {20 V|o. %.66, leo: 3.), tL ^Yory oletgymi or niDifter, before iQleiniuiin^ „ t mirriafe^ mtgrden^apd from eifber of tbo parto ^ Kb«reto (be iwro^ tuo do^burt, to en»ble biin io pty > the floni to b0 paid or ^oeinitted by %m ^ tbe ,. ' regiatn^ aopdi. to retti»iieratc tbft ; oleigyiDaii or^ mllBiMer ibr Ibe ^ronbl# and ezpen«e attendapt oa •, preparing and trtosinitting miob certified Uat to^e legjetrar. (20Vio.pbv6^^ :^' 9. Bni BoUiing in tl^ Mt sbaU prevent tbe payr PmW to the elergyman or minieter.of Mly^ foitb^ , leipnneration ihe parties ohooee to miJce. (20 Tie. fh. ee, aeo. 8LX; ^ V 1 ;. 14K In tiM <^ 4he deith or renoval of a minifter or or elergymna bafiib «»akiog bi« aawal relai*, his „^^ iBflBWwr Of iPy other pewoa hayiggihe lagal«ialo<|y 2aS?to 0^ *h» biiiQlE referrod to in the fiWi mcIma, «h«U ifiai* |0 th« le^iOrar a c«rtlM fEopy of aU «M^ «hii«ii leoofW, nd the neffatew «Wi J»»^ *« MMM if Ihe lotm had been naae by the stiniater orel«rgyn(mwboeelehiatedtlieiaiRii^ (20 Vie.: eh.6^aee. 4.) ,^^ 11. EfCffy vaniago dnly solBnnised between , membera of tho BeligiiMUi Society of Frienda, oom- SSf voiUy called Qnakera, aeeoiding to the rights and thereof^ ahaU be Tidid;. ftod the duty inf^. IS »iu W- -•>) • • ■^ "I If t* • %i< w k ' l^ . . ' ■ ftp P- b)' Oiii ton Q^Q 1ft JBiolitw WjA dffgjiliiny tbaU, viih mgird to lioh m»rrii|g«,''b6 perfonii«dbj the qlerk or seoretaiy of the sooiet^/cir of the meeting at whiob tlici mtrrUge is Bolenmiied^^ (|0 Tie. ^ olu 66^ 12. Bverjr olergytDan^ minwter, oierk, veofetary or ^._ otbeir person/ whp m wj fetn refases or neglecti to SSm*** ^tora the certified list teqmred of him by this act, *^'***^ H^ on or before the fii$t day of Febro^, shall forftit for each day's deky after Jbat^ay, the sum of four doilanli which Sam sl^dl be recoverable "with costs . before any magistrate df thc^^oiinty in Awhich the person resideB,.and sjialkbe iipplied ajOcpr^Ung^tQ law. (20^10. d^. M/se^ «7.) , 1 4 ^f v * i^ • J l^i The clerlfcf pf t*^^^ at thee^penlto of ^he county, from time to time, on gjjj^ '^demand, famish alT clergymen or mliustersBtid others 10 the cotiniy rev^aired by this aet ^ m^e retards, If! , OtariBiCf 'PMMt6fltew Bhhbooba libdfrlBM of \ with t% bookf to be kip]^, and with printed blank fonOs for the Belts to be^retnmed ; and« saoh books ehfdl have colamns and heidings printed on every . page, according to the form given iir thes£tth section f and the books and p^pxi shall be of sach size and form as-to admit of the. neces^ry entries heing con« , . veniendy made therd^f (2b Yio. eh. 66, sec. 8.^^ . ^ / H. The book, by whomsoever famished, shall be mai ' the nropertV.of the chareh or denomination to which property or the clergyman or minister, clerk, or secretary belongs towbkii at the- time of ^he .jfiret marriage which he records i^Sl^ therein. (20 Vibi ch^66^Beq. 3,) ' ■■•#5, '^m ,%f • .v::;*3 ■,/* -.^"> -%- " . \ \ ' .'V'' 'lis '"• *■-- ':K^-.%tii«iL- \ ' i» <»\- f',.. HARRIAQK LI9ENSB ItTNI). 16. Th« portion of the marruigiB lioenM fond uruh ^|io Upper Canada, aball be at tbe diapoaal of the JUagiitlalare, for pilblfo parposea of intereat in Up{«r e ,jt%pd|, as&u Vw^^ 70.) : V Sc «^i' •,". ■ -^.t: |L-ii,->llO--.. y-'^>:'i'-- '^fV-r."-' ^ 'w ■ ■'" ■ ■■ 'A. ',' ''\f . . V ■■- ;. .V •.. ;;'^ii.v':f, : ^'V- '''**'*^''--**'!* ' '■ '' ■'% ■ . .. , ••■■■V>i;.-, :;^-:'. '■■■ i-.^ ^' ' .■ - ■ ' - . .... '4- ' .'■ ' .-Xi^, f ■'>'\ :'-.■"■ < ■ • :-v;^#F .' M -LaMl^i :e ^: .». -f.- ■ ;a- ^■"t*5?Sj'^ :. ,.■*«■/.. >■ <» -Ml ■ I ■•■V' '♦•*-<• r^^' ■ I. •♦,■41 \ • ■ '■ ■ ■ .' ■■ ■ .' ■•■■■ ■■ ■ ■■ ,■ . . ■A '■•,■■ :.;'«■■•■' »i#" " .' . '■.■"■■ >.\"'~'-.y^ -ft ■'!»■. .. Jkfi Atrr FOR T9E BETTSE PREVENT^^a OF CliANDESTINE MARRIAGES* < r .wwU ♦'. \ moiQ^nuc^Mr.iy^ .'.I 11' «* . WbemM grwi niadliefii |iid ioooBvetiiwees biv« uiMii from dsbd^HiM Mtftiif^i £99 pc^voptiiig thenof for Om fiiiiifo, iB« /^;«iac<«4 '4ku, TM Irmw ~»od after the twmtj-^MJi di|f of JUiftk<^^ » die ye«ir of owr Loifd one tkowMuiil eeven Imi^M «|i4 fifty* fi>iir,>li beoDsei m^trunoojrihell be p«i|ijM>«iiii 19 •iidibk maoDer in the p«liili okuin^y «t i^ eonio fmblio obapel, in which pih^o ohapel bMHB f^ wtteir 1110B7 ha?e bMii| ueiaUjr |i«lidi/iM> ^M bilongiiic to poeh fiffieh o][ chepohfy rnlmpm the ptnoii t# b* jnarried ahali 4Via}l, eo^eidiDg la ibo fona |lf woidf pr^ribed by tl^e mbiiok prefixed to 1i!h$ fi||«^ of iiiatriiiK>ny in the Sook of Conuaon Prayer, lipoid lAree Sunday preceding fhs ioUmnitQtiim of marr 4«^e| during tk« ^n of morajiDgserrifo, W of^ -ti.pwi$ BfBrvioo (idphere benonomidgjiiervjee^ui . anioh ohareh or hi^ upon any of those Sviid^ys}^ uumfldii'oiti^ <i;fler <i^ Mcondl letmm : j^ irheoeoev^r ib ^hall happen ibat the pei;Bon8 to bo mani0d fiM' dwell In diveip J^iriahea or chapeliieay the bann^ ahall in like manner bo pnbljihnd in the oharoh jp? ehapel helonglng to anch pailah or ohaj[te^ wheinnn each of thoeaid ] tenons iihall dwell ; and whiere both it either of the j^ersons to be inairied shall dwell in any extra paroopial place (having no ^hnci^ or ^»» ^ fMjIJ .-•^ r ■•■I- 9mt. m, ehapel wberaia Bliini luite Imcb nmitlly pAlWed), Sfivi. tbtn the baoiui titU in like mioner be publwhed itt 1^ tbe periib ebarob or obtpel bdongiog (o tone pwiib IT obap€li7 adjoiniiig to Mob •ztn i»ro«bial pImo; Md wbera braM sbill be pmbliebed in anj eboreb or obepel belonging to toy pwrieb edjoining to wob extim parocbial pbwe, tbe pewon, vieer, miniMer or ^mte, pnblbbiog eucb benne, ebell, in writing noder t.'-''^-^^ eeftifj tbe pnblioition thereof in iuob :^ ntonef •• If either of the pereoifa t6 be merried dwelt in raeb adjoining perieb; end that ell other " the rulee pieeoribed by tbe leid mbriok eonoeming the paUiofttion of benni, and the Boh«nni»tion of ' vetrinony, and not bewby altered, ibaU be dnly Mki'tetoobiirtedi and that in aUoaaie where bann»abaU S^***h«fe beto pmWiabed, Ae marriage aball be aolem- SmlS**, Biied In one of the pa'***' ohnrcbea or ebapele where ■^^ jMb beona b«?« h^ pnbliahed, and ia "x^o^'f n. Pmntied ahoay$, tbit no pAiton, ti^ win^ iiii»«f later or cnfate/abtU be obliged to pnbliab the henna fcSS? of mateimbny between any penonatbataoevet, ntfl^ SSitftJ; the perai^ to be married, aeven days at the least SSdS^ before tbe time re^niwd for the first pttbUeatidn of '^ '•• «^b beiins respfeotiTely, deUVer or oanse to be dett-A ? tend to mlob parfaon, tioar, minister or eaiitey a iotiee ih wrtUng of their ime ebristiah and sttrnamefr ibd of the bouse or booses of tbrfr respeetite abodei ^bia sneb perish, ebapelry, or extrn parochial plaet ia afbraeaid, and of ihe time during wbiob thef bato^; Iwelti inhabited or lodged, in sucbbiftiiwr or houses t^pMlifSly. ;._i_. - 'CC .■"'In .1 [-V i(^ ' '4. '<! ■%■ . "^J- w •vAV' DOWMI4 /■ ^ m 'A''\ 4» ■■\-.' ,1. ■f^ B«l«kM (V^m^oMid alwayif Thftt no pftnoil, mtblite^ 1Pi4ir 'or eante, ■oUmniiing. naniaget ffter the twenty-fifllrdaj of Maroh, in the year one. IboniaDd ■BTen hundred «Dd fifty-fifor, ^between penopa, both or one of whom ehall b«»ander the age of twenty-one yean, after hanns pablUhed, shall be punishable by eoelesiastioal oensnre for solemnivng sneh mi^rriaget without eonsent of parenii &r gunrdiaiUlf^hoae oon« lent is required by law, unless sueh panon, minister, ^▼iear or curate, «hall1ia?e notice of the dissent ofiSlSJSdl'^ Meh parents or guardians ; and in case such parents • or guardians) or one of them, shall openly and pub- licly declare or cause tb be declared, in the church . > or chapel where the biniis shall be so published, at the time of such publication, his, her or their dissenl r.to tnch marriagCj^ sookpmblicatioii of haunt sIpiU bi% ■' ■ abscdutely Toid.-;-/' '■'-■■:'{■■ :,-,;.,'■ ; r ,' \ - fltk And it is herle^fitrther kn<teiedf That no Lh9iiw»to ■ license of marriage shall, from ahd after the said in ST* twenty-fifth day of March, in th(B year on^ thousand raehiwrtoh sefeti hundred' and fifty-four, be granted by mnyHitiS^ ^ Mohbishop, bishop, or other ordinary dr person 'C^'*'*' hating authority to grant siichncenses, to solemnised any mtfrriage in any other church or chapel, than ia^ ' the parish church or public chapel of or ^belonging , t» the parish or ohapelry, within whicHihe usual-, , place pf abodo of one of the persons to be married'^ . shall have been for the space of ' fbur wieeks immoi diately before the granting of siich license; or where' ' both or either of the parties to bemarried s^all dwell' in any extra parochial place^ having no church pr chapel wherein banns have ^ been usually put^ished,* h^Ti? '~^ — -7. ^- — "T"^ ; — • ' i . ■ — ~~ i ■ -.■■;■;■■ r ». -.Vi iPS^' ■•(WJ' m 'Sip ^ Sfr \ h M' tiMB IB tfc« p«bli ohnrili or olia^l W6»gl«if to 'tome firuh or obapdlry sdjoining lo Mck nUm pwb^kl plaea, and ia bo otbtr pkoo whaUoerer. - V. FrovideJL alwayi, and U H tnacted by t%9 - anthority nfwmaii, Thtt all pAriiliei wkere there ihtU be BO pBriili ohuroh or okapel WoBging lliereto, ■* ^ BOBO wbewlB difiBO Bcrtioo thftll bo osBally oolo- VrBted erory 8ttiid»y, may bo dowriod extra paroobkl . 7|il«o08 for tbe pnrpoaea of tbia act, but Bot for wf \\ ■ *©tber panwee.:.-- ^' v: ^ '-[^V.: '^^''^'^,^i^.~ VI. Frwii^d alwa^9, Thai noiliRig %ere«»b«WNi AKMMMreoBtaiBed aball be eoBBtraed to extead to deprive {^*%ktthe Arobbiahop of CaBterbary aad bia aaeeaaaora, gad bia aad their proper oftcere, of tbe right which • bath hitherto beea aaed, la Tirtae of a oertaio Btatato Btde ia the tweaty-fifth year of tbe rwga of the lato ^ kiog Heory the Eighth, eotitled, Aa Aet coBeeroiBg Petec Peace aad DiapeaaatLoaa ; of graotiog speaial ^. '^ipeaaea to mKnj at aay eoBTeaieat time or plaee. , yi% Pnmdxd aiwa^t, That from and after ibo tweatj-fiftb day of March, ia the year oae tboaaaad MTOR baadred aad fifty-foar^Boaarrogato depatod - by aay eeeleaiaatieal jadge, who hath power to graai; Jioeaaw of marriage, aball graai any aaoh Heeaai bef;>re be ha*h takea aa oath before the aaid jadge frithlally to ezeeato bia oftoe, aeoordiag to law, to tha b«t of hia kaowladge, and bath giVea aeearity by bia boad, ia the aam of oae baadred pooada, to the biabop of tbe (d^ooeae, for the dae aad UMil exeeation of bi< aaid office. Villi Aad whereaa maay petaoaa do iolemmae «fi#imon y in priaoaa sad otbey pheee withoat pab* , •jf*"' ..^* &. ^ rar % 1 v% -^ vtt' MWI -r:T- wwliid, »l»t if »»7 peiio- •b^f~« •^ •'^ *^ ^A^ lweiil9-«rili day of Hiwb, in iM^mt ©n* W»*»»» iES^telt •WtB kuMire4 »wi fifty-fowri •obmniif malri^om JHX^ in any otker pUoe tUa • cWwh or pabU« oUp«i-«H— vUra Udm h«« been vranllj published, mnliii by fpeeial Keeiww from tbe Aithbiebop of Gnnlerbiiiy 5 L or ihidl ioleniiiwe wntriaMny withool piAUettUn of btBM, Mm Uonm of nnrriage be inl bad ni Obtained 'fkom aome penon or penona baving nmiho- rity to granlb the same, every person knowinsly and wUlingly so ofc^diog, sod being lawfully oontieted thfft^i shall be deemed and adjudged to be guilty of feloi^, M»d sbaU be tnni^orted to some of hia Hajesiys plantatioBS in Amerion fot tbe apaee of fimrleeD yearn, seeording to the Uws in fevee for the tranaportation of felons: and all marriage aolem* niied fnm and aftej the twenty-fifth day of Mawh, in the year one thousand aeven hundred and fif^y* four, in any other plaoe than a ehuroh or s»oh puWie ibapel, unlew by speoial lieense as alMienld, or that •ball be solemnised without pubtioatioii of baanaor lieenee of marriags from a person oi^peisous having tntbority to grant the same, first /ha4 wd obtoined, riiaU be null wd ?oid to aU i^tenta and purposes .whatsoever. ■; ■^-^- ■. /: \i/ "n ^ . -y^^ ' IX. /Vo»tiW,ThatallproseeutionsforsuAfcloBy^^ ,lhatt bo commenced within the spaoe of three years uii^y««. if ter the offence eommitted. 1% A i. iVoMitei afo9<iy», That after the solemnisation^ if a9y ttaniage, under a pu b licat i on of banns, il^ -7 - ^ — ~ - ~^ ^ - / . ' . ■ ' . 'i- ^^^lJ^ ..^Mtti,ml "* •^.^'_'J^ '1^ Trr dMl Ml %• ■wyjM £*Sr b«Mw of MitriMoay w«r« iwblblMd; or w^oro th* ,\ ., itriMoay wwn yah\iah»A aanfagt ii ly liMMt, il tbaU m4 W sMMMTf ^ gift M J pffoof th*t tbo moaI piMo oC tk»iB of oai» ofthopvtMt, ftir llio tpMi of fo«f weoto •• •fort* Mliy «M ia Ibo pMiali or okapol'J whM^ tbo bm* ffiigt wM •ol6«»Urd; ■•» *^ wy irtdiioi li •illMr of tU Mid OMM bo lOooifod to frovo Uii eoMTsry ia any iwl louohing iko f ftUcitf o£ Mok la '-':, XL And U <» hereif^ M^yr 9Mf^ ifcwiuM oMrrii^w ■oleamiied by KoonM aflor tbo nid twoaty- SfStM-ftftb day of Mawh, ooa tboanad Mf«a baadiad aad j^i^ thyJhat, wbeia oilber of tba paflka, noC boiag a ^^Ir« widbvar or widow, iball bo andor tba age of twaoty- * ^ OM yaan, wbieb iball be bad wilboat tba ooaaenl of ^ siMbof Iba partiaa fitbar, lo andar aga (if tbaa- iifteg), flral bad aad obtaiaad, or, if dafd, «f A« V gvtfdlaa or gaardiaas of tba parMa of tba party w "^^ uadar aga, btwfally appt^ated, or one of tbam ; attd ' in aaaa tbara sbaU ba no aaob goardian or gaardiil# t ^laa of tba moibar (if liviag and uQiaarriad), aad ilk Ifcoa ibaU ba ao osotbar Uviag aad naaianiad, tbatt ^ af a gaar^Kaa or goardiana of tba panoa appoiatad by tba Ooart of Cbaaoaiy ; iball ba abwbilaly a«tt , and foid to all iatanta tod porpoaea wbataoavar. ^^ XIL " Aad wbaroM it aiay bappaa ibat tba gM# dba or goardiaai, motber or motban, of tba partiaT^^ to^ wutiad, or one of tbeoi, ao vodar aga la afora- ' .•4 ■ms: d- - ^ M ,U '€^ fp- ^ ~'l.- 'W ikyiTM. in •Ml by «<>d^Mp|s t* aboM tb« trail ro powd la bim, b«r oi^HP«r.nftwiB8 <>' wiibboldiag bU^ : W Of tb«ir •bSpRo lb# «.rAg« j" A ft lAfi. />r» mkm^mit thai in mm aoy tneb ga«rdi«A « gnMb*^^ diMM, moUMr or molbiis, or aoy of tboM, wboit •oBMBt to nado D^^MMiry m aforoMid, aball bo nom wmpM «MMl>f, or io porto bojond tbo aets, or abaU ^ rtolbao or irHbbold bia* bar or ikair oeaaaol to tb^ of aoy paraoii, H aball tad may bo lawlW rjjjij-y for aoy porwo daairaoi of ■Mrryiog; in any of tbo i^ojji. aboTO montioofd oaaaa, to apply by potitton to tbo ' Lord Gbaooollor, Lord Kaepor» or tbo Lorda OoW " niaaioiion of tbo Gnal %mX < ^ i |m t Briuin for tb« ^ - Umo baiog, irbo ia aad oro^piby oaspoworod !• ,, piooaod 00 aoob poUtioo in a rammafy way j and it oaao ibo inanrtago proponed aball, npon oiaminatioSt appear to bo proper, tbo aaid Lord CbaooeHory Lord Koopor, or tbo Loida Commianonora of tbo Great Bed f^ tbo time being, abail jndieiaHy deokra tb« ■aoio to bo ao by in order of ooort, and ancb ordef •haU bo deemod and be takon to bo aa good ami effoelvnl, to all intonta and pnrpoaea, aa if the gnard* «iaA or guaidiane^ or niotber of the penoii JO petitioa«; log, bad oonaeotod taaoeh ^larriagab^ ;^ t^^^ Mnr. Md Hit henfy /urtker enacttd, That in no .wofrtt.ia oaao wbataoover aball any anit or prooeeding bo badtaroyto any ooelealastloal oottrt la order to eonpel a oolebrapMCitia lion of aay isarriago in faeim eccUtilt, by reaaon of ^tdJlm. any ooolraot of matriaiony wbataoofor, whether jiar # oeHki cf# praeaenti or per verba de^^Uwo, wbieb. aball bo onteiod into aft»r the twen^4fth day of ^ - / •■■■■^Sv;- ST >?!"¥^" f^ m n»^9»iu % JfcwfliiBfliei«^ bundled w* - Jfty-four; w>y 1«W or nM«9 tp Ow wiUiwy wAw^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^ 1^ i^Mireiitiog imdM mmm mm •SS2 ^mn^Mh dMj of Miiob i» th. yetf T *T!w .jterwMdi « ihett Arii be oooMloq tbe ohwj^^ dens and ohtpeUfwdeM of efety V^^AOt or ol^W . M\ pmido p«por booke of ▼ellupn or^gwd wi^ 4thibk pn»«, » wbicb att iiimiifSeB »»d l^^ ,.«,ri.Re.riip«rti^e!y,ih.repi*KBbedor.olomn^^^ OM bo rogi-torod, aiia oroiy pigo tb«o«e A^U ^^ BH^Lro^orandoTOfy^rff P^BOiH«^ ftW^eoeii ato, or M n6W»«»ybo; aiidoU b^ •lid iii«rfkig«i !»bK«"«»d •»^«^^««*^f "^ or obopol or wUh««iiyiiiob pMiA or<^peliy,«l«a bo iTi^vdy ebteiod, ««i.t«i^ print^^'^n^ won or .8 oeor M coiiTOiiieatJj^may be^ Wb nrta* Hoot, «tt4 sbi^l bo iignod by tbo aiioirt*!^ fii«f, ?"»• , SOB or oiirato, or by Bomo otbor poispa in bw pr«oiwo and by hk 4ireotio» 5 oad^wh ontefet Arfl bo inwio ■0 tforMMd o« Of now Buob U»»|» «ie«*»v* owo'f JSfSa: wboro tlio popor it not d»pii«ed or dwsoyod ^ aocir g&SiW or lenglk *f <«H6,5ii»ta 4>n«r book d»U bo flonio pnrpowi, Midiaion tbo diriietoia tforoawd sbdl ' be <*BerTed in ovory mob new book j ond dl booki psoYidod «rol6w»id RhoU bo Ajonned *o baSong to . . ^ \ m I 0: BMP*-" ■■•■■ '.■'■'< V-.'i^ SOWIft, tt ^ •? evy mioli pamb olr obapel retpeo^elyyABd sliall be >, ; * eatefuiw kepijiod presenred for piblio use, > XV. Aod ia ord«^ to prbserye tbe etidenoe of ii«vi^ , narriages, and to inake the proofjlbereof more oer-pnMaMdr tain ^ni eaay, and for the direotion of ministen in ^ tbe oelebratioii ofmarriageiandregiBteiingtbereof, B^HenaeUd, thai from and alUit tbe twenty-fifth day of March, in tbe year one thousand seven hun- dred and fifty-fonr, all marriages aball be Mylemnized in presence of two or more cr^ible witnesses besides tbe minister who shall celebrate the same ; and that immediately after the celebration of every marriage^ an entry thereof shall be made in spch^iEggiBter to be kept^ aforesaid ; in which entry or register it shall be expressed, that the said banns or license; and if —both or either of the parties inarried by license, be under age, with consent of the parents or guardians, as the eese shall be; and shall be signed by the ^ minister with his proper additiojn, and also by theA«. parties married, and attested by sn<&b two witnesses; which entry shall be madd in the form or to the effect Mowing ;«that is to say i ^ ■■/■ '■' -r V ABdrig9«d If- -ft ..,1 "*. • ," -■ti^^'f ■■'■-»■ IP-- - p- ' '^■! ■ - d • ■^:- .a. J^'f/f iM.\ m: «l tJaH 'ff^'- »' llip^' ift.^'-i... ■ t'.Tw.-;^'- ''*'■ r'f iH^i'H^ ' iMi ■-■ ^ ■■■■ '; ^^-■. ■■-«■<-!.' ■..'.-^^i^i^'' ^1 flurUii *■ ■ .' .... -1.1 ■% 1/ *'■- lfe«' >. ''^: a 1). off ■' fc"' "» «■»: - (Iteetor.) •^ Jf . F. 4 Vkar. V #^*!*^-aie force of tbia io*, koofiriiij^y, «4 wiaiP^Ji V- iert, or cause to be inserted io fclie register book of sacb fsrisb or cbapelry as aforesaid, any folse entry of any matter or thing reUtipg to any marriage ; or falsely make, alter, forge, or counterfeit, or canse, ^0^ procure to b^ folsely made, altered, forged, or -counterfeited, or act or assist in fslsely making, altering, forging, or counterfeiting any sucb entry in such register; or^Jdsely make, alter, forge, or counterfeit, or cause, or procure to be falsely made, altered, forged, or counterfeited, or assist in felsely ■^; ^='^ "•■ X :.- .\ . .-><' £• .« IF,' .ni.Hi *-^'r lay of f' ' ■ ".V ■ ■ ■ '-fr. ■■■■;:■ ■■:^^\-.- ■ tlioniy ain»d look of B entry igej or r eanMy ged, or aaakingy h entry )rge, or y inadey I fiJsely ■.^:-;-- ■ ■■ ^ *- ' -■■: ^v making, allering, forging, * or oimnterfeiting any. anoh license of marriage as aforesaid ; or ntter, or publish as time, any such false, altered; forged, or counterfeited regutieras aforesaid, or a copy thereof, any sich false, sliered, forged, or coun- terfeited ^nse of marriage, knowing such regis- ter or liaise qf marriage respectively to be falae^ altered, forged, or counterfeited ; or if any person shall, from Itod after the said twenty-fifth d|iy of March, wilfnllysfestroy, or cause or procure to be destroyed, a^y register book of marriages, or any gart of such reg^er book, with inteig to avoid any marriage, or to s^bj|^t any person to any of the pen- alties of this act; every person so offending, and bc^ng thereof 'lawfully . convicted, shall be deemed jHid adjudged guilt/'of felony, and shall 3u ffer 4g* <^ •ii&loni wi^outbenefipof clergy. XVII. JPtovid(td aZtoays, That |hi8 act, or any^ thing thenein contained, shi^ not extend to the mar- l^ges of any of the'^Royal Family. y XVni. Provided likewip9,,That nothing in this jU)t contained shfiU'eztepd to that part of Great Bri^ tain oalled Scotland; not to any marriages amongst ^e people oalled Quakers, or amongst the persons professing the Jewish religion, where both the par- ties to any such marriage shall be of the people oalled iQnakers, or persons professing the Jewish religion lespectivdy, nor to lipy marriages solemnized beyond theseasi. • # ■i^- ■'y- 189 m *i , I -If:- .-, ..a>" •»v 'i^.^^ ■3'r m ^^;v / ft - # ^i^» #"'" HP *•. .0 *^ ?J» mMTXD Ain>< PUBUBHCD BT W. 0. CBBWmfT * 00.^ KOk Vt. «AiT, TOBOITK). 4.^Ar|«. ud^ L\. ^ J ^ '■^i^-- -, ''Vv. v*^_ vrt> -*^. --»\,, '^*\ » • ^ \ N, ,'»"» <.»1> . » u. t-vl 9P f-'^t i>? ^ \ t ^ . VA .<^- i |J»;- ■ ^■ iBOHTO'. ' •• ■ > ■. * ■ u \" 7 A ^ 1 • ^ * ..i*»:. .,•* # ^^1^ -^. "-Y . '» ,'• » / . 'n ■^ "ft' *>,="• .x> f