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 8uppl«in*nt to the MAi^iTOBA COLONIST, Winnipes, Canada. 
 
WALPOLE ROLAND, 
 
 O. E3., lid:. Hi. 
 
 Topogi<aphical ^ui<VBi|or, 
 
 PORT ARTHUR, CANADA. 
 
 examinkr and valuator fob thk canadian 
 Pacikio Railway Companv. 
 
 UEFKRBKCE8;-AI.MAK'-ii BASK AND Misihu JOUKKAI.. Loiidwi. Kiigland 
 Ev^l<lFEi<l^(i AMI MIMNU Jol KNAL. New Yurk. VA.A.; 
 OKTABIO Bakk. I'nrt Arthur. Cwula. 
 
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'f'C|A''l' /\|-v"l-ll ll|v lIJcll>>'i-t-x' AM-l-.l' 
 
 UsS**, 
 
Port Jlrttjur Illustrated 
 
 WITH .\ IIKMCHIITHIN iiK ITM 
 
 PlfOpLlCTS, IfESOlJllCES ANp ATTIlACTlONa. 
 
 I'OUT AltTIIUH, CANADA, MAY, \mj. 
 
 ^» 
 
 Intreduetien. 
 
 lit' this WDik is til |iiTscrit tin' icKoiii'rt'S iilld 
 ^11 V I iiltnu'liiiris iif I'ciit Arlluic Miid its triliutiiry 
 
 (list rills, ill (III intiTc.stiii){ and lu'rui'iittt 
 t'lii'in. Il is iilsii intended as ii rernrd, 
 wliiili eviTV ri'siileiit will lie pniud and 
 iiiixiiius til own and |ifesei'\e, and one tiHi 
 wliiiii will letleel lasting lumor and ercdit 
 ii|Hin Ids Inline, anil we are eimtident that 
 evi'iV'ine interested in miy way, will feel 
 K thrill lit' jiride in its |iriidiK'liiiii. It is nut the inl.entinn tii 
 amaze tlie ivtider liy lirilliant word paHsa^eH, hut to engage '^^~ 
 tentiiin liy faithful illiist rat inns with enneise and exaet state 
 nienlM. This is the first of its kind ever issued in Canada, 
 and alsii the must liiaiitifiil, ('<>in|ilete and exjiensive. The 
 I'limpiler is nut aware of any similar |)riHlnrtiiin surpassing 
 il, /md only one that eipials it in all Ameriea. With this 
 proud distiiietion, a strikiii>{ tribute to the enterprise of the 
 people and proof of faith in their eountiy, these six thousand 
 Uively messeiijjers speed around the world ujion their errands. 
 
 Bxplanation. 
 
 Krnni the ori^iiiul ilesiro to illustnite some nf the resiilenops, this 
 work has grown to its (iresent form. The nmtiiro pliiii inulmlcil several 
 more iiictiirea, but from various causes lieyonil our control they could 
 not he had in time. It was intended to show the I'oniniercial and 
 national importance of Port Arthur partly by groups of its merchants, 
 professional men and (iovernment otiicials, Civic, Provincial, and 
 Federal ; but the delay of some and the dilKdence of others prevented 
 the completion of all the groups, and the reader will therefore undei'- 
 stand that these illustrations do not cnnipriae all those that shoiild l>e. 
 The scenery and resources also would have had greater attention io 
 engravings- could sulliciont photos been had or the season and time 
 at command permitted special ones being taken. Kew would believe 
 the amount of time, work, thought and money expended, and the care 
 jkttendant upon a book like this. 
 
 Origin ef J>Jame. 
 
 I'ort Arthur was first called "The Station." In 1870 (iencral 
 VVolseley came up the lakes with troops on the way to Manitoba, In 
 the Chlcora, Capt. McLean. On boaril also were Mr. Thomas Marks 
 and Mr, Wm. Murdoch, C.E., with his stafT to define the line of the 
 ('anadian Pacific Railway. Passengers and goods were then lightered 
 ashore, there bein^ no docks. Upon leaving the steamer General 
 Wolseley anked Mr. Marks the name of the place, and being told, said 
 
 "we'll call It I'rinoe Arthur's Landlni;." The name took readily among 
 the 20() residents and held until IH" when the niunici|)ality of Shuniah 
 was created and nUicially fixed th'i nainu, which so remained until 
 IHNH. Then the C'. P. It. being unde- way, the name was ohantfed by 
 their wish to Port Arthur, supposed to bo partly as a companion to 
 i'ort Moody, the Pacilio terminus, and a compliment to Prince Arthur 
 and partly for President Arthur. The name of the jiost otfico was also 
 changed, and in Muy, IHM4, when the town was incorporated, the name 
 was hnally and formally adopted. 
 
 Important Pesitien. 
 
 Ailing Water Street, Poit .-Vrthur, there daily run ull through 
 trains of the (,'anadian Pacific Kailway, the greatest on the globe. It 
 is iliHtaiil lUK) miles from thu Atlantic ocean, at Montreal on the east, 
 and lUl'imili^s from the Pacific, at Vancouver on tlio west. On the 
 north it has Hudson's Kay, almut TilH) mi es away, and on the south the 
 Internatiiinal Imundary, at Pigeon river, is distant some (M) miles. It 
 is at the h-ad of navigation on I.Ake Superior, the ireatest body of 
 fresh water on the world, and from its splendid liariior in beautiful 
 Thuniler liay extends an unbroken water connection to the Straits of 
 Belle Isle and the Atlantic, through the other )^rcat lakes, the canals, 
 and Kiver St. I.awreroe, a distance of !i'JO() miles. The dilTerence in 
 level between Lake Superior and the point on the St. l*wroiice near 
 Tlireu Kivers, where tiilul infiuence ceases, is about (MX) feet. 
 
 It is the nearest sea|X>rt to the great fertile prairies of Manitoba 
 ond the Western Territories, and is the supply centre for the extensive 
 mineral region in the adjacent country. In addition to all these 
 advantages it is the distribntiiig point for Thunder liay district and 
 western Algoiim, or an area of 4()U,000 square miles, l>eing without u 
 competitor in that immense territory. 
 
 Per Jiealtli and Pleasure. 
 
 There is no healthier region or more beautiful scenery than on the 
 north shore of Lake Superior. The air is almost intoxieatii]g with its 
 clearness and tonic etfect, and the cool breezes from the lalce render 
 every nights' sleep, in the hottest summer, certain and restful. The 
 trip on tlie lakes Is quite as beneficial as an ocean voyage, and much 
 less expensive, while the splendid new steel passenger steamships, now- 
 running almost daily, render it safe, speedy, and most enjoyable. With 
 these merits it candiines close conneations with all principal points in 
 the world, and one can easily reach or leave it when desired, and whih; 
 there may be in ready touch with home, friends, and business. And 
 there is also the prospect of making an investment that will be very 
 profitable, as the district is new and very rich in varied resources, so 
 that the head of the family while paying for his family's enjoyment 
 has an opportunity fui reinibursinent in a bus^ss line. 
 
 JI Seaside Resort. 
 
 Nature seems to have dropped Lake Superior down in a most invit- 
 ing position, and fitted it with tvery attractive feature. If not the Sea 
 it is "Brother to the Sea" as Crowfoot, chief of the Blackfeet Indians 
 expressed it. Of all the beaut''"..o spots none excel Thuni'.er Bay in 
 scenic or sporting pri\ ileges. Here ton with I'ort Arthur as the chief 
 town, one is within easy reach of all the details of civilisation, an import- 
 ant feature, as business men who holiday, know. Here also one finds 
 
PORT JlRTiiUll ILLUSTOTED. 
 
 giMMl hotelii, within h few yiinlt of tliv lovely Iwy, >nil in tin- towni- 
 pcnpiv inuiiy faiiiillnr fttcix iimkiii(( tliv viaitor frol home like. 'I'liku your 
 tii'ki'U to I'oi't Arthur unci ivtiini, iiirhiiliii){ railw,ty niicl Hlufpiii^ tAr, 
 'kiiil iimku Ik KJiort trip on tliv luki', uny oim to thri'ti ilitvi, to hiiiiii' of 
 .|io iiiiviirul iiitxruktinu poiiiti. The whole thinx coiilil liv lioiio in u 
 ■hort tiiiio uikI wniilil return mom hi'iillh, plviiaurt', rlmii^n, niicI in 
 formation, tliun piirh^ipK uny otlicr ttviiiUlili' trip, for lint nioilt'iitlu 
 ■mount c'xptniluil. 
 
 Rieli and varied Jlttpaetions ef % Wood^, 
 Water's and Reeks. 
 
 rUK I'ort Arthur ili«trii:t h»a irrtalnly nmny (liffcn^nt iittrao 
 tiiinii, itB nconiry Uinx roiniintiu unci vi i y lii'untiful, itH 
 gHmc and tiiiliin){ aliumlant ami alimmt uiitoiu.lieil. 
 Thu uciiln^jist, thu l>olaniat, ami nuluniliiii hcu' liml 
 a|)ccially inttrrating reacarch ; there the Lkurcntian 
 formation reara itn western heail in Mount Maokay, 
 whuar thouaami feet of tinietcrn elill' are mirroreil 
 in thu charminf{ Kaminiatiijuia river, wlioae waterK 
 a few niilta aliovo leap one of tlie moat heaiitiful 
 falla in Canada, the excavation of thi'ir bed Iwing itaelf a Htudy. Tli" 
 hoij^hl 1 ' land or water shed Nepa"itin« Huilaou'a Hay and Lake Supe 
 rior ia hc.u in Algunia, and i» alao tliu dividing line for niudi of tlii' 
 tlora and fauna. Many tiling!* f(Mind in .Atgonui are not again aei^ii west 
 of there until liritiah ('oluniTiia ia rcachi-d. The mullierry, eiipillaire, 
 blueberry anil nioaa eranlx^rry, among fruitH : the liroi>k trmit and red 
 deer, in game, and aonie forma of leaner aniiniil and plant life. Vim 
 may alao add the many lovely walks, drives and water trips liy eanoe 
 or rnil or stcamora, with thu gathering of wild fruits, rasps, saakato<in», 
 goosebcrrioa, strawbirriea, mulberries, blueberries and eranlierriea. 'I'lii! 
 ailver and gold l)earing veina and certain other ecnnoinie produits 
 are not again found until the Itoeky Moiintaina are reached. Tlie trout 
 Hahing alone should draw all anglers who seek new llelds and ample 
 aport, for in the Nepigoii niid lejser streams as the I'llende, Carp, I'igeon. 
 Maekoii/.io, and others, are natural preserves of the gaiiiesl spceklod 
 flyriaera from six ounces to three and live pouiiila. The wiiteruiw one 
 lot from Carp river, thirty in all, only aix of which weighed under two 
 pounds, the rest Indng from two to three pounds, eadi. As (or the 
 Ncpigon, the size of thelish and their plentitudeand the (Xipiisile beauty 
 of the river and lake are sweet memories for life, some of the takes that 
 have been made would not Ik- credited by sportsmen accustomed to 
 fishing the "tired" waters of older districts. There is a Loch 
 Lomond on top of Mount Mackay, overiooking the town, which has 
 auch trout and grouse ajioit as would make the travelled aportsn\ i 
 wonder how it conid lie kept ipilet ao long, and yet not over naif 
 a dozen know of it. The troll> ^ for black bass in Loon lake, and for 
 big trout, pickerel and pike in bike .Su|>crior and smaller lakes and 
 itroams in all the district, ia abundant and exciting from the si/.e and 
 vinor of the lish in these cool waters. The gunner may seek cariboo 
 deer, bcara, foxes, geese, ducks, snipe, rabbits, three kinds of grouse, 
 and other smaller game ; and the whole tills a rich bill of varied charm 
 and bcuctit. One thing the traveller in this (ircat West might re- 
 mcmlicr with comfort and profit to himself, and that is not to luing 
 provisions or other supplies, as ho can buy them at I'ort Arthur at 
 roaaonablc prices and suitable to his wants and the country, liring 
 your favorite ritle and gun, your trusty rod and tackle, your hunting 
 suit and gripsack, take a circular letter of credit from your home bank, 
 and you are "ready for fun and bear." 
 
 Running % Kaministiquia. 
 
 From its source to its mnuth, a cuiistant fcasl of rumantic curves, 
 green clad banks, and dancing water, with long placid readies, in wliich 
 mirror fairy isles of varied size. One of the joys hereabout is to run 
 the many rupida of this river, in a canoe, and under proper conditions 
 it is a pleasure likely to last for some years. The reiiuisites are a 
 good canoe, cuuoeincn, line weather, genial coinpany and fitting 
 provision. 
 
 Upon a calm, clear afternoon in August, three of us put a I'ottrboro 
 canoe in this river at Kamini.stii|uia .station, on the Cunudian FaciKc 
 Railway, and began the race and within live minutes passed the lirst 
 rapid, thougli aa easy one. In a trip of this sort one needs to travel as 
 lightly laden if iiossible and the fac that our knives and forks were 
 forgotten, and were little mis.scd, shews how little is necessary. With 
 two blanl<ets for each person, a tin cup and pan, a knife and fork, an 
 axe, a water can, a fry-pan and some provisions, one can manage well. 
 
 »• llie trip oidy occupiua nlMiiit a day. .S^tfolv atorrd in thu cuntrv of a 
 tight canoe » ith a good guide ahead and eipiafly gisid steersman ladiind, 
 one can enjoy llie tor awhile. 
 
 W ith Meais. II. K Wi.kaleed, C. K., ami ,1. M. Munio, Iteiiislrar, 
 Isith of I'orl .\rthiii, ami both tkilled catioeiata, the writer ventured 
 his nmny years of inexpeiieme, and was well repaid, though slightly 
 ilaiiipenid about the fonndaliona, ,Soi>n after starting, the noise of a 
 fall was beitrd, and the lirst porliige or carry was made, the i anoe and 
 ciinlcols being eitnieil on shore ariiiind the Mokomau falls, where the 
 stream ilesi ends sniiie twenly live feet in the hundred, taking a ipiick 
 turn through a split nxk, into the "hue ' pool, n, long and wide pool, 
 upon whore calm face lies the creamy foaiiilaie in fretted llakes. Aa 
 the 1^1 ( hiile was next passed, tin' silling sun shot diivelly throuyh 
 the rocky way, ita anfl, golden rays, uinl here another carry ».is made 
 into a charming bay, when, after a ahoit run. the lalan<l rapid and a 
 good cani|iing place was le duil. Cariying the tilings up, theiiiginoer 
 soon had a blink jack pine tire ^'oiiig and the lawyer parboiled the liac<ui 
 and then fiiid it and some eggs in the most artistic manner, and with 
 ireanieiy biillcr, good bread, lunncd fiiiils, oiM'neil with the axe, aa- 
 aisled with good sppetitcs, an hour lU'\f. And as night i aine on and 
 the i|iiii'ting shadous rrept up the spruce and pine and poplar, and 
 while the ecasdess falling watei lulled the listening i ar, tin- chat and 
 thought grew faiiil and fainter into sleep. 
 
 In the morning the saiiie succession of rapiils, long reaehes, and 
 nngagiug scenery were p.isi>e(| through, unil small putcTies of deareil 
 land were seen under I'uiliva'ion, the soil li good clay louiii, some six 
 inches deep, .\fler passing Kcai te fall, onile a heavy descent in several 
 break*, by a half mile caiiy, and going slonly across a river liay, the 
 roar of the Kakabeka falls was heard alie.id, anil a long p'lrtage nail to 
 be made around it, thougli stopping half uay to vi<ii the tails, some 
 hundreil yards from the p,ith. Ineluding the volume of water, beauty 
 of surroundings, and of fall, it is one of the most exijiiisite spots in 
 Canada, and uell ileserMs a special trip by loiirists. lielow thu falls 
 came a series of lovely wooded and fern edged i»lcs ; in a wide wide 
 river, a kingtisher droppcil from a tree stump and glinted across, a 
 peewit circled out, a pigeon swifted overhead, and a duck ilroppcd 
 lazily down into tliu smooth water. The bridge of the new railway 
 was tile next sign of ociiipaiion, and across it te:ima from the silver 
 minis weie pacsing, .\t I'liinl lie Meiiron ia historic ground, and the 
 site of a farm of tlie Hudson's ll.iy Company, soon a bed of water lillics 
 was piissed with one |ierlVit llower lloatiiig, and now civilization set lis 
 foot lirnily down and the steiim craft, the giaiii elevators, and the 
 sight of I'ort Arthur lying on the distant crescent gave warning of the 
 close of a dial iiiiiig trip. 
 
 Distances From Pert Jlrtliun 
 
 TO MIL>S llV KMl,. 
 
 Winnipeg VM> 
 
 Vane piiver liMS 
 
 Toronto S.'.T 
 
 Montreal !Hi:i 
 
 (^tucbec Ill)."> 
 
 I'ortland I'-'!«I 
 
 New Vork I47.t 
 
 Halifax I."!","! 
 
 St. I'aul 840 
 
 TO MII.K.S IIY W.MBK. 
 
 Dniiith 180 
 
 Saul; Ste. Mario 87(1 
 
 Chicago C9i 
 
 ( )wen .Sound 5£() 
 
 Sariiia fJ14 
 
 Ibilliihi 020 
 
 Toronto 980 
 
 Montreal 1270 
 
 Tl^e CustORis. 
 
 I'orl Arthur Was foimcrly a sub port of Saiill .Ste M,ii ie, bill on 
 ,luly Ist l.sTt. was made a pint of entry, Kort William and .silver Islet 
 being made oiitports of it at same time. .Mr. I'eter Nicholson is collec- 
 tor, with .1. Iv Williams, landing waiter, and .1. I., lioyce, clerk. This 
 table shows the growth of the poit through its ciiKtoms work . 
 
 Vcar. Imports. 
 
 IS,S-»-.-) Slf.M .V,l| 
 
 ISSf) (i 2s:t,77i 
 
 iss(i-7 'i(ii),:«)7 
 
 IS«7-8 42I,WII 
 
 Vessel Tonnage Owned in Pert Jlrlliup. 
 
 steam vessels Algonipiin, steel, 2,240 tons, Clyde built, for Thos. 
 Marks & Co., in ISSS. 
 
 I'".x)i(>r's. 
 
 Duty Collected 
 
 s;ti,:!io 
 
 .?l(m,7S'.' !l(i 
 
 (i!»,(l(i,S 
 
 (i4.."i(i() :i() 
 
 ,s(i,;ti-) 
 
 70,7(i.'i ."I'.i 
 
 S>IU,S47 
 
 «,'i,4:tli 40 
 
 Steamer. 
 Kakabeka, 
 Kato Marks, 
 lirothers, 
 liiulimoiid. 
 
 .steamer. 
 Ihucher lioy, 
 Ida, 
 Hattie Vinton, 
 
 Tug. 
 
 Maiy .\iin. 
 
 Salty Jack, 
 
 Lighter. 
 lUack I'rince, 
 Dude, 
 Keciprocity. 
 
vo\i>\- Ai-n'iiui^ ii;i;U.>iM'-fiA'r-i-:i> 
 
f»©p'I' Afn-fin|.' lhIjU*^Tt»'AI I. h 
 
s 
 
 is 
 J 
 
 t 
 
 . ^1 
 
 
 s 1- 
 1^ 
 
 c t: 
 
 O n 
 
 PORT JlRTiiUR. ILLU8TR.J1TBD. 
 
 Stiunia^i Municipality. 
 
 Thti WM llrat t'ciiiiiMMKil III IhT.'I h» nUiml In thu'luwiidovnrnmant, 
 Imt ill IHMil m it wu illvMml : Ni'hIiIiik, IVIimhiiiki'. Ill*ki'. CriHika ttinl 
 I'arilmi IwtiiK «i»rtvil iiiio iIik i<i'|Mritl<' iiiiiiiii'i|i*llly iif Niwlilnil' !■> 
 InHIHI il WM ■u*ln ilivjiji'il, the 1'iivtii nf Tort Arthur Iwiiih in 
 <'iir|)<>r»tt«( nut iii It H alKloil. 1 1 I* iiiiilvr itiiil •iilijfii'i lo the 
 iirovlkiiini ■>( tlir Hliiiniitli Alt. th« llar.tl yi'iir IhiIiii^ friiiii till' Ut July 
 - •■' ••■ I, lUill. Ilarve, with 
 
 Ui 3lMti .liiiiM 
 Couiulllom .1 ( 
 (/'lark »n<l Iri'iui 
 
 Thii |>r<-'«n. nlliiwra itiv : VV 
 
 llitukiiiu, Will. Mi'I'tiarlitiiil itmi A I.. MiKwaii : 
 nr, W. II l,»im«iirlhy ; .Sullciliir, K. M, Kinif»r. 
 
 On t^le >Jepigon. 
 
 I'liU liiiiiif) la liliiii aiHOIixl NiplK'iK Kiiil N'l ('|il|{iiii, I. Ill N'<'|ii)(i>ii ia 
 th« iiaiml fiiriii, timt Iwiriit thn iikiihi ii( lint aliilimi iirar lliii river mul 
 on the CitnHiliftii l'a< IHr Railwiiy tV\ inilM enat of I'lirt Arthur. The 
 rirtr, iliu Ukn il 
 llowa from mul lliii 
 bay It tliiwa iiitii 
 nra nmiit'il itllkv, 
 
 TIIK I.AKK. 
 lii'a niirthwvat nf 
 Lttku Hii|i«rii>r, ami 
 wua ailiveyvil liy 
 t'rof. Il«ll III iNtlH, 
 who uonaiilcra il 
 the iiiiiat lieikiitifiil 
 of all till! ^reat 
 Ittkna. 1 1 niiilaiiia 
 a urvat iiiiii'\ ia 
 Uiidi fr III 
 
 tiftexn iiiiu« Il iiK. 
 the walcr IhIii^ 
 . ar itnil cnlil. Till' 
 Uke ia llin aixtli 
 anil laat in tliii 
 rhain III iiri'itt 
 Lakua, Ih^Iiik ulHiiit 
 aa large ita l^ki' 
 Ontario, liuvin^' u 
 uooat liiiu of (MM) 
 niilea. 1 1 ia iic..rly 
 73 iiiilrH liiii^' fioiii 
 north tiiMdiilli, itiiil 
 .M) milva wiiU- with 
 ileep Imya. .Some 
 16 rivpia pnlrr it, 
 one, thu Kiiliitnti 
 t|uaik, liitH :tll milua 
 Kvum^'iiiK I,') fu«t 
 ilei'p for thu tiiat 
 (our iiiilea. 
 
 At tli« lu'uil of 
 the lukd thu lliiil 
 son's Hiiy (.'o. hiive 
 hail u fur pust for 
 about II century, 
 and McasrH liota- 
 ford A Mt'Laurin 
 alao have one aa it 
 ia a rich fur coun- 
 try. The country 
 beara a variety of 
 timber and the mineral wealth 
 tracts of ciiltivutable aoil exiat. 
 
 heail ia aiiniily «ii<|iiiait«, ami Mm <' <niil Hlmtm, Ihi aulhAtity tit 
 Ainvriua, ap<-akiug of il aava : "To thiaw faw who kn/tw, no word of 
 apprri'latioii la noedeil. 't he wiimlerfiil Nepigon with ita Klorioiia trojt 
 and Ita niaXiiiHi'iml acvncry ahowa uynin Ita |Mirtttt(ii Iralla th« liaail nf 
 leaa th.in Ik hundrt'd an||l«i'a yearly, (an it ba that anglara ha«o not 
 heard nf thrM watara." 
 
 Tlie >Jepigon'8 Slorious Pisliing. 
 
 •liidKe ,lohn M. Iliiiiilltnn. now nf I'nrt Arthur, then living at 
 Saiilt .Ste. .Vlarle, war the tirat lly tlahxr nii llin Nepigon, linving taknii 
 • Miiokinac laiat direct fnini llii' "Son " In the pruarnt (/'amp ,\lc«aniter, 
 arriving there, (una '/iiid, \^V.\. With him hi'Mi Mnsara. Alrnanilrr, of 
 SI. Uiuia, itnd Capl. Oodila, of liidi«iia)H>lia, tlieir guide Ix'inn a half- 
 liri'iid iiaiiii'd Ki'niMli or Klliiiiiit' ,lMlyii«iix The .liidgo iliaoivt-red the 
 pool iiumeil after liiiii, and llie pa ly vserc aa'oiinded at lh« llaliing, tho 
 
 trout plainly aeeu awlniining and jumping In fact 
 
 Jamf.h Dickson 
 ia vnricil iiiiii 
 
 SoMK Ol'- TIIK I'liiNKKKM. 
 
 W. J. Dawson, M.I'. 
 ■Iamks Klaiikktv. 
 
 RlillKKT MmTI.ANIi. 
 
 the giildn iMic'itnia 
 frightened Iheruat, 
 thinking tlie place 
 encliuiiteilaaliH had 
 never aeen an many 
 Hah iK'frre. The 
 weiglit of ainglo 
 trnutiiii tliiaalioani 
 ia heavii'i tliaii any 
 oilier known. One 
 party In the liiit of 
 Augual, INNK, had 
 flahn, 11, 7i, 10 and 
 \'i pniiiiilK iiiid .Mr. 
 Leromli', of Nepi- 
 gon liouac, haa 
 taken them up to 
 17 iMiMiiilaanddowii 
 to five uHcli. One 
 wrilr ' Hiiyn liahing 
 in thu Ncpiuiin la 
 wuariaoini! fiiltn ita 
 aiicceaa, and the 
 record li >uk at 
 Nepigon. I 'I Mliioli 
 lialiera iin- 1< iinirrd 
 lo uiitci the iiuni 
 her and wcl),,ht nf 
 riktch ia atartling 
 to anglira ikCcUH- 
 tnnit'd III tlic llnger- 
 liiiga nf clacwherc. 
 Thia liook ia kept 
 liy the HiiiUon'a 
 Utty ('n'.i (uctor 
 there, and wua lie- 
 gun in IH74, the 
 Hral name being 
 \V, VI. C'annr<in, 
 (,'inciniiati, ,Iuly 'i. 
 •-^iiicc tl 11 over 
 l,3(XI viHiiora have 
 (inriilleil thereon, 
 tlio yearly average 
 ueing about T.'i, laat 
 J ear being the lar- 
 val with nniiie I6U. 
 ISHOa leeorilof 
 
 f.r 
 
 great, while extensive 
 
 N,;riii(is mvKii. 
 Thia is the largest and cleareat lliat ciiicrs Lake Superior. It ia 4M 
 miles long, u aeries of most picturuaijiic expaiiaiona anil lapids, the 
 principal piMila or wideninga being ilel><n, .leaaiu, Vinor, Hanna .iinl 
 Hamilton, and tlie chief rapids Alexandria, Narrows, lalund. Split 
 Rock, I'inc and Little Flat Rock. Tlie atrcam averages 2S.'> feet wide 
 and has l.'i chutes or falls. Near tlie river mouth ia the fumoiia Red 
 Rock sacred to the Manitou or (ireat Spirit, and carved with symbolic 
 characters by early Indians who made their cnluiiuits or pipei froiii it. 
 Here ulao ia un old post of the lluilHon'a Kay Co., anil a good dock to 
 which vessels can run direct from any point on the (ireat Lakes, and 
 have a safe harbor. Opposite is an Indian iniaHion with its 
 church and school and neat white linu^e^. The river and luku abound 
 with tiah of several kinds, especially the true speckled trout which 
 reachoa twelve pounds weight and those of two to threu pounds arc 
 quite common. The scenery from the ontranee of the Imy to the lake 
 
 thu nniiiber and weiglita nf Ihe trout caught wiks begun, uiiil a couple 
 of entries we give, .July loth to 'ilird, IMSli, L. II. Clark of 
 I'almeraton, \V. I). .Mathews of Toronto, Caiiaila, and two others, 
 caught -iW trout, incluiliiig 1 of 74 poiindM. 'iof 7, 10 of tt, 10 of ,'i, 211 of 
 I and lit nf :i pounds e.kcli. Kroin July I'JtIi up to August '2(nh, of 
 ISSli, V . H. Hir.ls, (iuorgc i\. (Jatcs, of New York, and two others 
 taught D.'iOpuunds of troutand inoneiUy, August lU, caught lO'ipounds. 
 
 Lake Superior. 
 
 Tliis granil rtwrvoir of the .St. Liwronce, is over .'iV) miles long by 
 IIM) mill's in its widest part, coinp.'iaing an area of 32,000 atpi.'ire milea. 
 Ita greatest depth is I, '200 feet, making its liottoin (iO:i feet Ik'Ihw and 
 its siirltti^e ,'i!l7 feet alxivo sou level. The chi-f rivers Howing inti north- 
 ern Lake Superior are the Kaministii|iiia, ne.\t the Nepigon, thu Itlaok 
 Sturgeon, Current, McKenzio, Carp, and niany lesser streams, all having 
 their origin in the height of land or watershed dividing the waters flow- 
 ing into Hudson's Ray from those of Lake Superior. 
 
 iiM-nf I 
 
PORT JlRTiiDR. ILLUSTRJITED. 
 
 JUining in Pert ^ptljup Distnet— Past and Present 
 Jlistopy. 
 
 CAPITA LISTS, and others intcreateil in thia iliatrict will 
 W'iah to know the following : Has this rfgion l>een 
 examined and prospected for niincralii, to wliat extent, 
 * and what results ? What is the present state of 
 the mining industry, and what has been done in 
 the past ? What experience has liccn gained . of 
 the nature and habits of the mineral deposits 
 and how does it apply to the recently discovered 
 mining sections of the region ? To those c|ues- 
 tions it is hoped to furnish satisfactory answers 
 in this account of mines and mining on the 
 north shore of Lake Superior from the opening of 
 work, forty three years ogo, up to the present. Tlie aroa under 
 description is very great, extending through a tract comprised within 
 ten degrees of longitude ami three degrees of latitude, or nearly as 
 large as Kngland, and includes the silver-bearing area extending 
 southwest and tributary to Port Arthur. This great district was 
 almost unknown until u fairly recent time, and even now large sections 
 of it are only known to a very feu and have been nearly without notice 
 from mineral explorers. Speaking generally the whole region is a 
 great rooky area covered with bush, mostly very dense, and with 
 lextensive muskegb. Considerable stretches of the timber are useful, 
 chiefly pine and poplar, but much of the bush is useful only for mining 
 purposes. Districts of large size of good farming lands also exist, and 
 some are in cultivation. For the mineral explorer it offers many 
 advantages, the rocky hills and niountikins, and numerous lakes and 
 rivers with large rock exposure giving fine chances for finds, and these 
 water stretulies also atfording ready boat routes to the interior. 
 Though the geological features are diversified, the rocks consist of 
 a Laureiitian gneissic and granitic, within which are found numerous 
 areas of plutoniu or volcanic rooks and metamorphic slates, etc., 
 thought to be of Huroniau age, whilst overlying these, chiefly round 
 Thunder Bay and Ijiko Nepigon, occur tho Animikic, Nepigon, and 
 Keweenian groups of rocks. The mineral deposits found in this region 
 are gold, silver, copper, iron, lead, zinc, nickel, molybdenum, arsenic 
 and sulphur. Quartz amethysts, agates, fine red sandstone, l)arytes 
 and plumbago are also found, and mercury is said to have been. 
 
 EXTENT AND KKATl'RES OV MINEBAL REdlON. 
 
 The chief area of the district now under description or the new 
 silver region, southwest of Port Arthur, has its sides extending about 
 40 miles along the west shore of Thunder Bay, 60 miles on the Inter- 
 national Boundary at Pigeon River, and 80 miles along the nortliern 
 side, where the formation abuts against tho Archii-an rocks or an ap- 
 proximate area of 1,200 square miles. There are, also, other areas on 
 the N. E. side of Thunder Bay, and extending down its east coast to 
 .Silver Islet. liut except the latter mine all important discoveries are 
 confined to the first area. 
 
 Tho rocks of the district are the Huronian, Laurentiun and Lower 
 Cambrian, and include several granite masses. The veins carrying 
 silver ores occur, with a couple of exceptions, in the lovter division of 
 the Lower Cambrian or Aniniikie series. 
 
 The surface presents many Hat topped liills and ridges, the first 
 often rougldy rounded, separated by valleys 2(»0 or 300 feet deep. The 
 cliffs vary from ',\0 to 150 teet, the debris sloping at un angle (if about 
 45 degrees for about another 50 feet and merging into the gentler slopes 
 of the clay and soil in the valleys. 
 
 The mineral discoveries are so far mostly confined to a belt of 
 country running along the northern fringe of the fornuition between 
 Port Arthur ami Arrow Lake, and to the coast and islands of the N. 
 and W. si<les and in the mouth of Thunder Bay, the country in- the 
 interior of the triangle being little known comparatively. Tlie valley 
 bottoms usHslly have a considerable depth of soil often of compact 
 white or yellow clay covered wiih varying depths of alluvial. 
 
 The bush over the whole district is chiefly poplar and birch, mixed 
 in the lower lands with some pine, whilst balsam, spruce and tamaiac 
 prevail in the bottoms. The trap capping of the hill tops is usually 
 covered with scanty soil, giowing some jatJt pine. These valleys form 
 
 a considcralile portion of the country and mostly containing good soil, 
 have an important bearing upon its agricultural welfare and upon the 
 mining intereai. 
 
 HOCK FORMATION. 
 
 In general the Anlmikie formation lies nearly flat, resting on the 
 older rocks which show on the north, but on south and east extensions 
 near Black Bay, and in Thunder (Jape Peninsula are covered by tho 
 Nepigon formation, and south nf these, at the island in the mouth of 
 (Jrand Portage Bay, are seen to pass under the Keweenian series. 
 
 The rocks of the silver Iwaring formatiimaro basic traps, black and 
 gray argillites, cherts and jaspers, with some ferruginous liolomites. 
 
 Thia Aniniikie formation is divided into an upper and lower portion 
 which are distinct, but not separated by a very dehnite line. The upper 
 consists mostly of black, soft carbonaceous argillites, somctimea dolo- 
 mitic, at others quite ferruginous, and at others holding a large amount 
 of silica. The lower portion consists almost entirely of silicious rocks, 
 as chert and jasper, often accompanied by ferruginous dolomites, and 
 themselves all contain more or less oxidised iron, at some places carry- 
 ing so mufh magnetite as alinoft to constitute an iron ore. Une analy- 
 sis by Mr. Hoffman gave 53 per cent, of iron, titanic acid being absent. 
 
 It is diflicult to decide if the formation has any general dip or not, 
 the '.neasurements so far obtained, while ranging usually from 5 to 10 
 degrees, were so conflicting in direction and liable to disturbance by 
 dykes, veins, trap intrusions, etc., as to leave it in doubt whether the 
 rocks have any general dip, or if so to what amount and direction. 
 Thia (|ue8tion remains to be worked out, but the balance of evidence 
 favors a general flat south and s(nithea8t dip of the whole formation, 
 probably averaging 5 to 8 degrees. Tho probable thickness of the 
 Animikie formation is 12,000 feet. 
 
 Mining Jiistery. 
 
 HRST I'HKion. 
 
 There are evidences of mining operations liy the ancients at different 
 places, where various crude implements, stone hammeri, etc , have been 
 found together with positive proofs of wbrk done. Although it is known 
 when the first free gold discovery was made by a white iiuin, yet it is 
 ditlicult to find the exact date when silver was first discovered on the 
 north shore of I.ake .Superior. 
 
 In 1K45 Bomo mining was done by Colonel I'rince on Spar Island and 
 on Prince's Bay location, on the nuiin land, in search of copper, but it 
 resulted in discovering in the vein grey copper ore carrying a high per- 
 centage of silver. In 1846 the Montreal Mining Company employed 
 I'i'ofessor Sheppard and a large party of men to explore and locate lands 
 along the north shore, and they located during that year C. blocks of 
 mining land on the mainland, and .some islands in front of tii..>m, near- 
 by, but did no mining work on them at that time. These grants were 
 two miles wide and ran back from the coast five miles, anil contained 
 ten square miles each. Hut for the next sixteen years little was done 
 beyond a few spasmodic exploring cllorts and testing somu of the Tliun- 
 der Bay silver properties in 1845-6-7. 
 
 The district's mining history is divideil into three periods, separated 
 by intervals of idleness — tho first pericnl of work beginning with 1846, 
 the second in 1863 and the thiril In I8S2. Attention was first ilirecteil 
 to the region by the copper finds on the south shore of Lake Superior, 
 and by Sir Wm. Logan's suggestion of similar riches on the Caufidian 
 side, and the (lovernment accordingly sent Mr. Logan in lS4fi to in- 
 vestigate the Canadian shores of Ijike Superior, and during this in- 
 spection some' silver veins were found, some having rich pockets of 
 ore. 
 
 SE(\)NI) I'EllIUIl. 
 
 Tills opened a much more active stage, especially in tho silver dis- 
 trict about Thunder Bay, ami tlic discovery in !8'13 of haniatite and 
 luugnetic iron ores at vaiious places from Port Arthur eastwards along 
 the Lake shore, gave cvlileni»' <if the possible future in this line. In 
 May, lh()5, Peter and IJoiudd McKellar, cf Kort William, discovered 
 the Black lioy lode on location (i, afterwards known hs I he Knterpriso 
 Mine, now In McTavith tiAvnehiii, which carries sonic gold and a little 
 silver, beside otiici' niincntl». Some other galena lodes v.cie also found 
 here, iiicludJiig the ('aii!iooand Arctic, some testing work being done 
 at the second In 1872 and at tho last in 1H84. In 'iitst of the early 
 discoveries of tlie McKellar brothers was as.sociated Mr. .John .Mclntyre, 
 then chief factor of the Hudson's Bay Company for the Kort William 
 district. But the second great period of mining for precious metals 
 in tho region really began with the discovery in iSeptempcr, 1866, of 
 native silver and silver glance (argcntite) in the Thunder Hay mine, by 
 Peter McKellar. In May, 1807, (ieorge A. McVicar, i>f Port Arthur, 
 found silver in the Shu niah or Duncan vein. The WuUbridge and lot 
 11 veins were located in 1863, and the former had a shaft sunk, but 
 they also seem to have been considered as copper and galena bearers 
 simply, and galena was also found at McKellar's Harbor, an 80 foot 
 shaft being auuk in 1878. 
 
PORT JlFlTJiUR. ILLUSTOTED. 
 
 Ill 18(18 the Montreal Mining Conumny sent out Thos. McFurlane 
 enJ a aniall purty of men to examine uiui report upon their Ittmls, and 
 tliat spring he found silver on Jnrvis Island, part of the unmpany'x pro- 
 perty. A month or two later in the same year, was discovered the now 
 famous Silver Islet Mine, on another island owned by the same com- 
 pany, the discoverer being a Mr. Morgan, one of Mr. Mucfarlaue's men. 
 This islet was but a small wave washed rock about To feet long and 45 
 feet wide in the broadest place, and wan only ci^ht feet above Lake 
 Superior, lying half a mile from the shore thereof, yet during its 16 
 years' successfid working it produced in quantity the liiindsonirat na- 
 tive silver and richest silver ore the world has ever seen, and a greater 
 value in btdlion from the amount of veinstone broken than any linowa 
 silver mine. 
 
 In the spring of 18(i!), McKellar's Island mine was found by .John 
 and Douild McKellar, and in this year also Thouipson'H Inland was 
 located by Mr. Macfarlane for the Montreal Mining Company Then 
 came the discovery in 1870 of the Silver Harbor or Bock mine, by Am- 
 brose Cyretto and "Uttle" Campbell, two well known explorers of 
 this section, and in tlie winter of that year miners from that mine found 
 tlie 3 A mine. In 1872 two Cornish miners found the Cornish mine. 
 These discoveries were followed by the McKellar brotlieis tiiuling silver 
 at McKellar's I'oint and at .1 1$ on the main shore, on the same diorite 
 dyke as Silver Islet. Discoveries of silver were also made on Victoria 
 and I'ie islands, the latter lying at the entrance to Thumler Hay, and 
 on the main shore on location 51 B, near Big Trout bay, and near the 
 international boundary. Some testing work was done on them, tiotably 
 at I'ie, Jnrvis, Thompson's, JIcKcUar's and Mink islands, at Stewart's 
 location and Sturgeon Hay, etc. Silver was found also in the Weesau 
 vein, on the proportiea comprising 1 T to (I T inclusive, and on -JO T, 
 27 T and '28 T, on Little (Jul! Lake, and on several of the locations on 
 the southern sliore of Arrow Lake, at its we.steru end. These last were 
 made by Americans named Kindred and (ieneral Baker. With these 
 discoveries were otiiers on lands now in the townships of Mclntyre, 
 Mctiregor, McTavish, Neebing and I'aipocnge. Of these there were 
 tlie Trowbridge location, which adjoins the Duncan mine, in Mclntyre 
 township, the Wallbridge mine, the Parasseux vein, near the Parasscnx 
 rapids of the Kaniinistiquia river, and the Slate river location on 
 lots I and 2 in the first concession of I'aipoonge. To theso add the pro- 
 perties known as !•' Ki and \ 1, southwest of I'aipoonge township, with 
 11 few locations north of Mclntyre, and the Algonio mine on locations 
 21 to 25 in the fourth concession of Neebing township. Silver was also 
 discovered on Lambert island, in Thunder Biiy, and on various loca- 
 I Ions on the shore of that bay, east of Port Arthur. Further east near 
 Little Pic river, silver was found on several locations by Ambrose 
 Cyrette on C 45, on V 4!t, V 50 and V 51, by \V. Pritchard, Donald 
 Mclvellar and J. McLaurin, all of Kort William, and on location I, be- 
 tween C 45 and V 4!) and also at the Kcrire mine, about three miles 
 west of Hlack river. During these discoveries silver was also found in 
 places within the present town limits of I'ort Arthur, at the Singleton 
 mine and iu its very streets, for a tea chest full of very rich ore con- 
 taining native silver was taken from a very small vein or seam a few 
 inches wide, that crossed Water street, in front of the store of Messrs. 
 Thomas Marks & Co. 
 
 THIRD OK 1'RKSP;nT I'KUIOI). 
 
 During the whole of the time past mentioned operations on a large 
 scale were going oi: at Silver Islet nnne, keeping alive silver mining in 
 the district until fresh interest and incrciised work were caused by the 
 working of the Hurouian gold mine and the discovery and wj^rking of 
 Itabbit Mountain silver mine in IS82, and several other importantmining 
 discoveriei were made creating greatly renewed interest and confidence 
 iu the permanent value of the mineral resources of the country. This 
 was increased by the opening of the Canadian Pacific Railway from 
 ocean to ocean through the Thunder Bay district, in lS8.'j-80. This 
 led to the more extended working of the Huronian mine ,ind to partial 
 development of the Highland, Tip Top, Kam Kam, and some other 
 gold locations. 
 
 -•Vfter the Rabbit Mountain dijcovery came in rapid succession 
 Rabbit Mountain Junior, Silver Creek, Twin City or Porcupine, and 
 the Beaver silver mines — all discovered in 18SU by ('apt. Daiuel 
 MePhec and Oliver Dounais, and all within a radius of four miles. 
 After these came the Hnding of the argentiferous veins on mining 
 locations R 48, !40T, 14S T, and \-H. The next important discovery 
 of silver ore was in 1884, on the east and west ends of Silver Mountain, 
 theso propel ties being pointed out to 01i\er Dounais by ^N'eesau (Louis 
 Bokachaniiii), the same Indian who directed him to the Rabbit Moun- 
 tain vein. Soon after this, in 1884 and 1885, followed rapid discoveries 
 of argentiferous veins on the locations known as Silv^jr Blnlf (R 01), 
 Silver Hill (R 70), Crown Point (K, 95), Silver Kails (R 110), Palisades 
 (R 97 and R 08), Sunset Lake (R 80 and 81) and also on R GO, R 04, 
 K 79, R 00, R 199 and 174 T. To these add the P.adi^er, Caribou, 
 Big Bear, Elgin, West Beaver, Silver Victoria, Silver Wolverine, Silver 
 Fox and several others. 
 
 (KII.D Koirsi). : ■ 
 
 The gold history began with the discovery, during tlie winter of 
 1870-71, by two Indians— J. Baptist and M. Puchat, of the Hudson's 
 Ray Company — of a gold and silver bearing vein, named the .lacktish 
 Lake Mine, 70 miles wect of Port Arthur, and in which free void was 
 found by Peter McKellar, and it occurs in sylvani'e and pyritous ores. 
 This created innch excitement, being the first free gohl discovery in the 
 district. At that time the Indians of that portion of the country had 
 no treaty agreement with the (iovernmeiit, and the territory being also 
 in dispute between Ontario and the Dominion, land. titles could not be 
 had. In addition a contest arose between rival claimants of this And. 
 Hut later on by mutual agreement the Ontario (Iovernmeiit was al- 
 lowed to issue land titles in IH71, the first being for the Jacklish Lake 
 property. In 1872 a party directed by Peter McKellar and employed 
 iiy Capt. Will. B. Frue, then of Silver Islet, and who had become in- 
 terested in the discovery, began operations in this goM district. But 
 they we-e stopped by (Jhief Rlackstouo and his band of ('hippewa 
 Indian?, until a treaty should be made with them. Soon after the 
 Dominion (Mivernmeiit made a treaty with the Indians, and as the 
 Provincial land boundaries were last year defined these troubles are 
 now settled. The Jackfish Lake vein was in the meantiine traced by 
 Peter McKeHar iiito the adjoining lands on both sides to the north- 
 east and south-west, which resulted in taking up the location on the 
 north-east by the Neebish Mining Company, and that on the south- 
 west by the Highland Mining Company It is said the vein was traced 
 several miles south-west, and nearly 0,000 acres of land were taken up 
 on its course and surrounding the Jackfish Lake, Neebish, and High- 
 land properties, by various parties who afterwards formed the Sheban- 
 dowan Mining Company. 
 
 At that time the only road from Lake .Superior was the well known 
 Dawson road, whicii did not penetrate the heart of the gold country, 
 and the Canadian Pacific Railway, which now traverses it, was then 
 but a projected line. The cost of transport then being heavy, with the 
 other difficulties named, it was found advisable to wail, and nothing 
 further was doneiintil 1882, when a number of explorers went in and 
 some ;W,000 acres of mining lands in the gold country were taken up 
 and the new township of Moss was surveyed. 
 
 In 1872 an Indian named Mamabiu found and showed to Archibald 
 McKellar on Partridge Lake a vein carrying free milling gold ore, and 
 in 1872, also, Capt. Daniel McPhee discovered at the height of laud the 
 Tip Top mine, a vein carrying copper ore pyrites vlniost solid, rich also 
 in gold and silver. Gold was also found in veins crossing ditlcrent 
 islands in Lake Shebandowan and on the lands about and near that 
 lake and Kashabowie lake about the same time, the discoveierj being 
 Harney Wilcox, Lachlin McLschlin, ,John .VcNaughton, Ch.irlcs (iehl 
 and others, but no developments of any extent were done on these pro- 
 perties. 'A hile theso discoveries were going on north west of Tiiunder 
 Bay a portion of the gold bearing slates on the east were being explored 
 anil discovery made of the Heron Bay lode in 1872 by W. I'ritciiard, 
 J. McLaurin and Ambrose Cyrette, and it was worked a short time 
 then iind again in 1879. 
 
 (iold has since been found on other locations on the main shore 
 east by Donald McKellar at Ho .\, and on the Mocuin properties 
 three miles north of Jackfish Bay by Peter and John McKellar and AV. 
 Pritchard, and on K 120 in a copper pyrites vein carrying gold and 
 silver, and on property owned by the Klgin M' ing (Jompaiiy. But on 
 none of these properties, either has any development work of any ex- 
 tent been made. 
 
 THK SII.VKR VKIN.S. 
 
 lio silver ore of the diiitriot is nati'c metal, and sulphide or 
 argentite (black silver), generally as? >ciat.'d with blende, gdena, 
 pyrites, etc., iu a gaugueof caluite, barite, quartz and lluoritc in a series 
 of fissure veins. These veins may be described as follows; — I. Coist 
 group; 2. Port Arthur group ; ."i, Ribblt Mountain gr.iup j 4, .Silver 
 Mountain group, 5, Whitefish Lake group. 
 
 THK CO.VST i;HOUI". ' 
 
 This series of veins are on the coist of Like Superior between Port 
 Arthur and tUe international boundary at Pigeon river, and on the 
 group of islands in the mouth of Thunder Bay. The ''rcatcr number 
 intersect the ".Macfarlane l>:i,nd," a belt of trap dykes and sheets, 
 thought to be the continuation of Silver Islet dyke. Nearly all the 
 dykes strike northeast and southwest, (u' at right angles to the veins. 
 The gangue consists nioitly of quartu, fluorite, calcite anil barite, 
 and the veins carry native silver and silver glance associated with 
 zinc blende and galena, and sometimes siuno copper sulphnrets. 
 None of this group are now working, but us .Silver Islet was the chief 
 mine in it and had groat success and was a very important factor iu the 
 mineral development of the district it is worthy of more notice. 
 SILVER ISLET MINK, 
 It is on a vein crossing a small rocky islet, about a mile out in 
 Lake Superior from Thunder ('ape. The vein strikes .aorth ;15 west and 
 dips southeast at an angle of about 70 to 80 degrees, and would average 
 
 iiii^ 'y 
 
P01T J1RT.HUH ILLUSTRJITED. 
 
 8 to ten fi'ut in thickneaa, though in pliiuca showing from '20 to SO feet 
 of solid vein stuir. Tlie ganguo ia oaluite, <|iiartx ami duloinite, the 
 latter colnieil from crc.iin to pink, avuordiiig to t)ie manganese in it, 
 and rhodoL'liroaitc wan found. The nietulliu niiiierala arc native silver, 
 urgentite, galena, blundc, lopper and iron pyritea, with marcaaite. Mr. 
 Maufai'lanu also mentioiiH tetralicilrite, domcykitr, niccolito and cobalt 
 bloom, and Dr. Wurtz found two new mineials called by him hnntolite 
 and aniniikite. There wore alHo foi>n<l annabergitc, anfiniunial silver, 
 ceragyrite and graphite, of the latter Mr. Kichard Tretliowcy aaying 
 they BOMietiinea found it without silvi'r, Imt never found silver without 
 graphite. C'ombuatilile gaa waa found in large '|uantitiea acc(unpanied 
 by highly niincralii^ed water, biitli contincil principally in large cavities 
 or vuga under great pressure below the Nth level in the ileepist work- 
 inga. Diacovered in the Buinmer of ISOS, .?I.'2(M) worth of speciinens 
 were taken away by the party that fall when leaving, and in IN(>!), after 
 a dithcult aeaaon'a work, !l,4o'i pound.H of ore were Kliippeil, valued by 
 assay at JO, 751, During the aauie winter-I.Mi'.IT'l twelve 
 men with n horse produced I7,0l)i) pouniUof total value if IS, '.'!)!. Then 
 New York and Detroit capitalists acijuired the property, in INTO, and 
 ('apt. Krue, with HO men and two horses, in four weok«, mim il and 
 shipped before navigiition closed, ore to iho value' of $!I'J, l.'i.t, hivijig 
 expended »^.H1),()U0 in breakwaters, cotl'er daius, pumping, etc. ,'roui 
 November, IS70. In Noveuilier, 1S7I, silver ore was produced, worth 
 by assay, $04S, I.S'2. The vein hail freijuent auil sudilen chiuiges in sine 
 and richness, in the fall of 1871 narrowing iloHn to inches, with little 
 tirst (juality ore, but during the winter wiiljued and became very rich. 
 In the summer of IS7'2 it became poor again, but rich the next winter, 
 the vein almost disappeared in the anunner of I.S7.'< i>nd un unfavorable 
 state lasted until the cloao of IH70, ami work almost closed the next 
 year. Hut in the summer of 1878, a buuoh of ricli ore was struck, 
 yielding 8110,1)01) oun'ea of ailver. This deposit was five feet solid 
 across the breast and carried in great cjuantity two heretofore unknown 
 oonipounds of silver, Auimikite and liuntelito. 
 
 The total depth of Silver Islet mine was I2H0 feet, ami at 80 feet 
 north on the bottom level a good buuch of ore waa struck. The total 
 yield was S;t.'2."iO,000, or .C0.'>O,O(K) sterling, and the total outlay one- 
 ihird of this anu)uut. The vein was traced one mile from the shore on 
 the malnl.iud. and gdemi was struck at one of the shafts the furthest 
 inland, running HI o/. of silver to the tin. 
 
 Owing to its peculiar situation this mine was worked at enormous 
 expense. To maintain a footing on a rock not 80 feet sipiare, against 
 Lake Superior storms ; to provide stea'n tugs, engines, pumps, and 
 Btampmiil, establish a town on a lurren rocky sliore, anil conduct 
 exploraiiiin ami general operations; to do all this cost $l,'ii)O,O0O. 
 The mine made 1,"),") gallons of water per minute, chielly from the lake, 
 which hail to be jiumped out. The .iO-stamp mill cost $100,000, and 
 had a daily capacity oi 'io tons. The rock put through ran from to 
 'M (hincus per ton cf L',000 lbs The concentrates vari-d from $300 to 
 $10,001) per ton, but averaged between $."iOI) and $1,000 The cost of 
 concentrating was $1.70 ])er ton, the tailings averaged $2 per ton, and 
 the null saved OU-i per cent, of the silver in the ore. The 00 tons pro- 
 duced from I to 2 tons of wet concentrates holding about 14 per cent, 
 of moisture. Tlie cost of production at this mine was, mining, $2..^0 ; 
 sorting. .10 cunts ; labor and carriage to mill, .")0 cents ; crushing, stamp- 
 ing an I dressing, $2 ; total, S'l.oO. In live weeks of IS78 some S;{70,- 
 000 wovili of Sliver was produced. Owing to the great richness of the 
 ore and the presence of so mncli metillic silver, some dilliculty was 
 found at lirst in selling tlui ore to satisfaction. Theassays varied greatly 
 in the lirst lots and the smelters charged $100 per ton for ameltin;/, and 
 only guaranteed to return !)."> per cent, of silver, and refused accounting 
 for more than shewn by their own assay. .So the company erected their 
 own smelting works in 1871. Throughout the mine nearly 0,000 feet of 
 holes were bored by the diamond drill. In March, 1884, owing to the 
 uon-arrival of a vessel with lOOO tons of coal, work had to be .suspend- 
 ed, and remains so to-day. 
 
 OTIIKR VKI.NS IS COAST CIIIOUI'. 
 
 Angus Island Shaft sunk and drifted to intersect vein, but no 
 success. 
 
 McKellar's Island- Shaft sunk 120 feet, drifted 100 and crosscut 
 60 feet, with some test pits and other development. Argentiferous 
 blende was the chief vein ore. In I88G the burite rib on the east side 
 of the main vein was worked, .10 men being employed, the product after 
 band picking to extract as much caleito and (juart/. as possible, was 
 shipped to the United States, the buyers giving ^) per ton or ■>• fhf rail 
 at the islanil for best quality. 
 
 Thompson's Island —An adit level, run 25 feet, a 9 foot uiiiitesunk. 
 The vein carried blende, galena, and pyrites in small amount. 
 
 Spar Island — Two shafts 24 and 27 feet, finding copper glance, 
 copper pyrites, 7.inc blende, and some argentite. 
 
 .larvis Island — In 180!) a 12 foot shaft sunk, producing ore yielding 
 $117, of silver. In 187071 this shaft was deepened 20 feet, and 
 three more sunk with a total of 270 feet, and some stoping, with 
 
 a good amount of work done in drifting and win/.es, etc., with the 
 necessary surface woik, liouaea, «tc. In 1880, work waa resumed and 
 sustained until laat year. The vein looked well, and ailver waa found 
 from time to time, but apparently in limited extent. 
 
 Victoria Island- Some surface work and two tost pita of 1)0 feet 
 and some tunneling. 
 
 McKollar'a I'oint -A HO foot shaft and an SO foot tunnel, with 
 some other work 
 
 Stewart's Location — Some work done for copper. 
 
 I'iiie Hay — A little work. 
 
 Big Trout Bay— Two tunnels 50 feet each, and some vein 
 stripping. 
 
 Cloud Lake Adit 2.'iO feet driven, 
 
 t'aldwcll Island— Shaft 00 feet sunk, without much reanlt. 
 
 Mink Island - Some little work done in 1872-73. 
 
 Sturgeon liay — Two shafts sunk and a drift run. 
 
 K 17 Some work done in 1878-70. 
 
 I'rime's Mine—This is the ohiest mine, having been worked in 
 1840-47, for copper. Two shafts sunk, one DO feet, and n tunnel 200 
 feet. ()ne bunch of ore was struck in sinking, weighing several hun- 
 dred pounds, and with three per cent of silver and some gold. 
 
 I'ie Island— Vein It to 4 feet ; some 400 feet drifting and 200 foot 
 shaft sunk, croaacutting, winze and air-shaft done. Some development 
 was also done on 13 H location on the same island. 
 
 TlIK roHT AKTIIUR riKOfl'. 
 
 Thunder Bay Mine— Four shafts sunk, a totaU'of 200 feet ; some 
 driUiiig and stoping done, with erosscutting, etc., buildings put up, 
 three miles of road built, a stamp mill erected, and a 200 foot dock 
 built. This waa from 1800 to ISO!), and work was again carried on for six 
 months in 1874. The vein was from one inch to ten feet thick, and 
 carried native silver and argentite, with galena, blende and iron pyrites, 
 the ore being in bunches, with the silver in strings, leaves and grains. 
 The product of first operations was 3201 pounds of ore. worth ^2,5i)2, 
 and 200 tons low graile ore which yielded well, the concentrates being 
 rich in native silver. 
 
 Shuniah or Duncan Mine -In 1807 some trenching was done and 
 two ahafta sunk 40 and 00 tent and a crosscut run, and several barrels 
 of ore taken out, running from $200 to $300 per ton. The mine waa 
 then closed owing to owners disagreeing and want of funds It was 
 reopened iu 1870, when the main shaft was sunk to 13,') feet, with con- 
 siderable drifting and several crosscuts, silver being got at several 
 points. The mine closed'again in 1873, but re-opened in November, 
 1873, as the Duncan mine, and closed finally in 1881. The force had 
 varied from 2 to 100 men. A new stamp mill and other good buildings 
 were built ; the total product being $20,000 worth of ore, and the out- 
 lay (including property, 875,000) was $500,000. A toUil of 4,884 feet 
 of diamond drilling was done. 
 
 The Beck or Silver Harbor Mine — A 40 ft. shaft was sunk, and 
 surface work done, with explorations, etc., a dock luiilt, houses, etc. 
 
 Algoma Mine (.MacGregor Township) — Lambert island, I'ariboo 
 Island, Blonde Lake. Kuimons Mine and ('ornish Mine, all had more or 
 less development work done, but not enough to prove or disprove them. 
 
 Singleton Mine-This vein of white (juartz, a foot thick, was found 
 within the town limits of I'ort Arthur, and some rich buuches of native 
 silver taken from it. 
 
 Wallbridge -Vein 21 feet wide, and well defined. The develop- 
 ment was done with an idea of selling, and the vein improved in the 
 depth it is said. 
 
 Three A mine— Vein was from 18 to 24 inches wide, the ore being 
 as rich as much of Silver Islet, and lasted well down, but poeketty. 
 The shaft was sunk some distance and some drifting and consid- 
 erable work done. The vein uarried copper, lead, zinc, nickel, ailver, 
 cobalt and gold. 
 
 Silver Hill — A 0— Nine milea N. from Port Arthur, and contains 
 60 aerea. Some work was done in 1S72-73, and assays gave $4^ in 
 silver and $0 in gold per ton. It is owned by .1. C. Hosking & Co., 
 I'ort Arthur. 
 
 Chicago Mine and (Quebec Mine -These two properties are about 3 
 miles N. of I'ort Arthur and near the Shuniah mine. They are owned 
 by the Lake Superior Mineral and Development CJoinpauy, of which 
 Mr. I'. M. French is resident manager. On each a shaft is down about 
 60 feet, and the manager says shews leaf silver and cobalt. 
 
 Tlie general strike of the Port Artliur group is N. of K. and S. of 
 West, ami the strike of the Silver Mountain and Whitefish Lake groups 
 is similar. ^ 
 
 KAKiur Moi'.MAi.N (iiionr. 
 
 Babbit Mountain mine -This ia the first in the present perio, I of 
 
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f>e)f?'I' AC^'l'[^Ufi IUltU.i:^Tf?AM'bl). 
 
PORT JlRTiiUR. ILLUSTR.JITEI). 
 
 silver mining and created a scnaaticn wlien opened, owins to ita 
 riohnesH. It in 24 milei loutliweat of I'ort Arthur. Tlio vein la a com- 
 poaite, averaging *nur feet wide, the ore conaiating of native ailvor and 
 nrgentito witn much blende, witK a little iron pyritea and galena and 
 some copper pyritea in a gangueof <|nartz, ualeite, and green and purple 
 lluorite. It has lieen proved HOO feet on the aurfaee l>y trencliea and 
 ( roaa-cuta. Since opening, in 1N82, it hna been worked in u apaamodio 
 manner, liaving changed handa leveral timna and employed from two 
 to aixty men, it atopiied December Itl, I8H7, and remaina idoaed at 
 preaent, pending aettlement of aome diOerencea among ita ownora, 
 
 A atamp mill of 15 tona daily capacity waa liuilt and all the other 
 uaual buildinga. It ia claimed that the concentratea ran aa high aa 
 |4;000 per ton and uverageil 91,500, and thut the milling ore averaged 
 $80 per ton. Uver 400 feet of ainking ami over 740 fpet drifting, and 
 some atoping waa done, moat of the good c re coming from 100 fuet, 
 and deeper. 
 
 Rabbit Mountain Mine, Junior— Thia ia a abort distance from the 
 laat, und the vein ia parallel and dipa to it at an angle of To degrees. It 
 had a ahaft aunk and aome other work done. / 
 
 I'orcupine Mine -Thia vein ia 2 to .'> feet thick, and ita contcnta 
 similar to that of the diatrict. It carrica witherite or carbonate of 
 barium, the only instance in Canada. The peculiar talcose material, 
 commonly called "mountain tallow," ia also met with in connection 
 with the ore Iradica. It ia a white or pale green aubntancc impregnating 
 the vein atulT, and at Hrat quite soft and greaay, but afterwarda driea 
 itnd hardens on exposure to air. It ia neither talc nor serpentine, but 
 is probably closely allied to mineral aaponitc. The bulk of the silver 
 Is sulphiile in nugget or leaf form with a small proportion of metallic 
 silver in wire and mossy form. Work waa begun in ISS4, and includ- 
 ing drifting and sinking continued at long Intervals, theownera intend- 
 ing to prove ita value and sell it. Mr. T. \. Keefer, one of llio owners, 
 nays some |IO,OCO have been spent and more than repaid by sales of ore 
 obtained. 
 
 Silver Victoria. — Thia mine ia on Lot 7, {^"onceasion C in I'ai- 
 poonge Township, aouth of the Kaminiati(|uiu River, close by the 
 ( iovcrnmcnt road to Murillo Station, seven unlea diatant. The I'ort 
 Arthur fs, Duluth propoaed railway also passes througli the property, 
 which also has the advantage of being only 50 chains from the \N bite- 
 lish river water-power. It is three nulea from the IScaver, Rabbit and 
 Mountain mines, etc. The vein runs east and west, shows silver at 
 surface with argentiferoua blende and galeni. Mr. Henry (i. Rath- 
 well, C. and M. K., then superintendent of the Cariboo mine, reported 
 of the Victoria,— "It ia a mine of groat promise, und from its advan- 
 tage of location I have no doubt will not only prove an ccononucal 
 mine to work, but has every indication of proving a rich one also, and 
 will repay judicious investment." Capt. Harry James, who waa cap- 
 tain of the Heaver mine for over a year, aaya of the Victoria, "The 
 vein ia of aimilar compoaition to the Reaver, calcilcs with (|uurt/. and 
 lltior spar, and it ia also in the aame black silver bearing alates. I 
 viaited it several times, the tirat impresaion waa favorable, and the last 
 visit confirmed it, that the Victoria ia the making of another Beaver." 
 
 Silver Champion. — Thia properly contains S5 acres and is crossed 
 by a strong vein some five feet wide hearing northeast, dipping sligliily 
 '.lorthwcst. The gaiigue ia calc spar with aome quartz carrying argen 
 tiferous blende and galena, with leaf silver. The (Jovcrnment wago 
 road crosses the location, and the mine is some !)i miles from the (.'. \'. 
 K. Station, Murillo It ia covered with useful tindjcr and has good 
 soil. Cupt. Henry Paraons, in charge of Heaver mine in early days, 
 reports that he regards the Champion as "one of the moat prumiaing 
 properties in thia section." 
 
 The West Beaver— 140 T, (140 acies) adjoining Silver Creek nuuo 
 on the north, and Beaver mine on the west. The line of tlio 1'. A. I), 
 ft \V. Hy. is located on thia property. Silver Creek .ows through the 
 location and offera i, good mill site convenient to the workings ami the 
 (.Jovcrnment wagon roa<l crosses it. 
 
 The vein which crosses the property has a strike about E. N. 1'"., 
 and dipa to the southeast anil variea from four to eight feet in width. 
 It IK a remarkably strong true vein adjoining rich mines and rich itself. 
 It can probably bt made a large producing mine by proper management 
 und sullicient capital. It haa produced the ordinary milling grades of 
 ore, and very Idgh grades of smelting ore yielding from S.'iOO to several 
 thousan<l dollars per ton. 
 
 Big Bear Mine — The mine is on I..ot .14, in 2nd Con. Township of 
 I'aipoonge, and contains 100 acres. Thi> works expose a large vein 
 ab(uit four feet wide with a strike about K. N. K Its ganguo is sim- 
 ilar in character to the Badger, Beaver and other mines in the district, 
 and its ores vary from ordinary milling ore to smelting ore, yielding 
 from 500 to ,'),(X)0 oz. of silver to the ton. It hiva a convenient mill site 
 on the property on Oliver creek, which flows through it, and is well 
 located. 
 
 The Lone Pine — Thia property conaiata of 100 acres of mineral and well 
 wooded land in the centre of the new silver district, within ."} miles of 
 
 the Beaver and Rabbit Mountain, I'orcupine, SitvurCreek, Badger and 
 Weat Beaver ailver minea. It ia traversed by the (invernnient wagon 
 road from Murillo. It haa a well detined true liasure lode, withaatrike 
 of S. K. and N. weat, dipping slightly north. The wallu of thia lo<le 
 arc alickenaided and ita gangue carriea leaf ailver in calclte and lluorite 
 with rich blende. Thia proiierty haa been moat favorably reported 
 upon by local experta from Heaver and Hadger ininee including Mr. 
 Hrent, M.A. and M.K , and Capta. WiUiania and Hopkina, of their 
 reapective ndnea. So far, however, owing to want of capital, but little 
 work baa been done. 
 
 Silver Creek Mine, 05 T — Containa lllOacrea, and adjoins Beaver, 
 Badger, etc. A road ia cut from the (iovernment wagon road, which 
 paaaea within a cjuartcr of a mile of the location, and within that dis- 
 tance the I*. A, U. & \V. railway is located. These ndnea are about 
 25 milea from Murillo station on the C. I'. R. .Samples from the mine 
 have yiehled from one to over five thousand dollars per ton in silver. 
 Thia vein ia two to three feet thick, and haa had aome work done on 
 it. A 75 foot tunnel was driven and a 70 foot shaft aunk in I.SH5, and 
 later on some more work was done, resulting in good ore at the bottom 
 of the shaft. The amount expended waa about 8.'<,0(lO, and the ore 
 about covered thia. Mr. K. I). Ingalla, M.K., who saw the d'imp, aaya 
 it waa good mill rock, the silver showing as leaf and Kim argeutite. 
 
 Carilioo Mine- Three small tnnncia have been driven in thia vein 
 and some (iO feet of drifting done to test it at a coat of about ill,, 500. 
 It ia aix feet wide in placea and in others ia aplit up. 
 
 The Klgin Mine— Thia ia about a mile north of the Beaver mine, 
 and ia now being tcsteil by sinking and drifting. The vein consiata of 
 several parallel stringera diatrlbutod in about ten feet width of the en- 
 closing argillite. The metallic ndncrula aro very abundant, and an 
 early assay gave SIO per ton, the owner atates. Thia property ia being 
 developeil by Capt. Thos. Hooper, who began work in September, 1888, 
 and employs aeven men on it. In March the ahaft waa down l:<5 feet, 
 and 1,10 feet of drifting done with encouraging results, Capt. Hooper 
 atating that the aaa.iya ran 587 ox to 5 oz. |)er ton. It resembica the 
 oth«r veiua of the group and lica about 2U0 yards from the high road. 
 
 IIKAVEH MINK. 
 
 Aa thia property haa been worked conatantly and vigoroualy from 
 the start in 1884 to the present, it nierita extended notice aa a 
 gooil type of the district, group, and period. The main vein 
 avera .s 4 feet tiiick, though almost pinched out in places, and haa the 
 uaual contenta, yellow and dark color blende with some iron pyrites 
 and a little galena, in a gangue, chietly of calcitc, with some white 
 and amethystine quartz and a little lluorite, generally green, but some- 
 times purple. The ailver occurs chielly as argentile, in nugget, sheet 
 and leaf form, with seme native silvec. The mountain tallow ia very 
 abundant in places. Two seams have been worked on, the main one 
 cuta N. W. across a range 20O feet high, anil ia intersected .100 feet in 
 by a vein running X. K. Up to March, 1880, some 1280 feet oi sinking 
 in shafts and winzes, .1,510 feet of drifting and 000 feet of cros.scutting 
 had V)een done in this mine. A large amount of work has been done 
 on thia pro])erty, entailing equal cxpenditnre probably .?:i,">0.0()0, but it 
 ia stated that there was taken from it in 2.J months of 1887, over ^0.1,000 
 of silver and in the fall of that year the ore body in sinht was estimated 
 at about one million dollars. The property is evidently being devclopeil 
 upon a permanent footing and is excellently managed so far aa a visitor 
 can judge. Some 75 men are "mployed and the village contains aliout 
 40 fannlies or 200 people. I'lij mine buildings comprise builer house, 
 machine shop, air comprea-sor l.oi..,, , ho'lst house, blacksmith and car- 
 penter shops, pump house, stabi?", e'o. The laboratory ia very com- 
 plete and the stamp mill also ; the air compressor runs 7 drills, 2 hoista, 
 and the pumps. The daily production now is tiO tona of ore, and about 
 ■10 corda of woo<l are consumed for power and general purposes. The 
 mine is owned by Col. Frank J. Hecker and Kx-(ioverni,r Alger, of 
 Detroit, Uintcd States, and ia managed by Capt. Thomas Hooper, with 
 Capt. Williams in charge of \inderground work, VV. C. Romer assayer 
 ami accountant, and Capt. White in charge of machinery. Since start- 
 ing, thia mine has cleared and consumed the timber of 500 acres of ita 
 land, and requires daily to clear aiul use nearly one acie for ita furnaces, 
 etc. The monthly expenses are about $5,000, a school is maintainecl 
 with some 40 scholais, and a general store with about $7,000 of varied 
 goods in stock, and there is also a good hotel, costing §10,000, and 
 accommodating a large number of guests. A resident physician is here 
 and religious services are held regularly twice monthly by a visiting 
 minister. The mine ia 29 miles S. W. from Port Arthur, and work 
 go38 on day and night, except Sunday, in two aliifts of 10 hours each. 
 
 Badger Mine -This property containa 215 acres in location 201 T. 
 and part of 2(X) T. in Cillies Tp. It whs discovered in the spring of 
 1887 by Mr. Charles K. .Kschweiler, of Detroit, who interested in it 
 Messrs .John M. Stowell, Cimrles A. Read, and others of .Milwaukee, 
 who with Mr. Ceorge W. Robinson, of Mobile, Alabama, advanced the 
 necessary capital for development. Work was begun April, 1887, and 
 after drifting on the vein 100 feet a rich body of silver was struck. Up 
 
 BB 
 
PORT JIRTJiUR, ILLUSTFIJITED. 
 
 to end of Muruh, 1SX9, tlie work ilniiu unniiiteil of ainking the aliaft V!8(> 
 foet. Ovur 2,000 foul of driflinu, iiiid inofuetof wlii/.eR in iliiiii' iinilaniiio 
 ■toping Ix'twceii lirat uiid Bei^oiiil levels, wliiTC cxtiTiiicIy rii'li ore w^u^ 
 found, Hnnic nHSHviiig over I!), (MM) cmncca of nilvi'r per ton. I'p to April 
 lirat, ISS!), $(i.'i,(MIII Imd been expended iinil ;jlL'.'>(l,IMMI wnrtli of HJIver wiiH 
 taken frun this ndne. .Sonic HO nun iirti enj|)l(iyed iiinl tlie siirfiiee 
 liuildinL;a are tlio lioiHtini^ workH, MinUli-i hIio|w, nnk house, stikMex, '2'2 
 dwo!lin; Iihuscm, Htoie unci otiioe, anil iv atiinip mill of 'i2 tona daily 
 eiipacity Tlie I'oinpnny liiu a eapital of $'J,'ill,(MMI, piiid up ami non- 
 aaaesaalile. 'Hie niiiiin){ Hnperintemlent in Mr. Ilerlitrl Shear, uinl in 
 itpeakin^ with thia gentleiiian, lie aaid, lie had never heard of a silver 
 mine anywhere that in eonrtie of development and after a few inontim 
 work iuid returned all its outl.iy for property and wiirkin^expeiiHea and 
 inailo a anrplut of aliout two liiindred lliiiiiNand dollarH hoHiiles. Thia 
 mine is in tlie Kalibit Mt. group, and dixtant from Port Arthur aonie 2ti 
 iiiilea - the high roiiil paaaing through it and the projeeteil railway near 
 liy. The general eliaiaeter ami .strike of tlii.s vein are similar to others 
 of the disiiiet. 'i"he native silver it nearly always associated with 
 iiiiart/., and in many places, occurs in sik h pioportinn that drilling is 
 (titlienit and soinitinies inipossslile. due assay of a piece of such, giving 
 HI, 217..") otiniTS pel ton of 2, (MM) pounds. The argentite is diasemiimted 
 throughout the vein matrix. 
 
 I'arasseiix Win -This vein croises tlie Kaniiiiisti<|uia river in a 
 direction N. K. of I'.., and is from 111 to 2.') feel wide. Its conipo.titioa 
 is similar to the others anil carries galena, Idemle, copper and iron 
 pyrites. It is 14 miles west of I'm t Arthur. Men ick and Logan made 
 ► pecial mention of this vein in tlie lirst survey of this ilislriet, and 
 I'rof. Selwyii also In IStiil, and lOiiglisli experts have pronouneed favor- 
 ably upoii it. ,\lr. Walpole Hobmd, ('.H.,.\1.K., of I'orl Arthur "vlio 
 niailu a eareful examination of it, says: It is a true vein, with, the 
 6troii;!e9t evidences of rich mineiali/ation, and is altogethi'r too good a 
 projierty to lie ilormaut any longer." It is owned by .\Ir. V. I'roudfoot, 
 of Winnipeg. 
 
 The general vein strike of the group is \. 10. except the lieaver. 
 SILVKK .MOISTAIN (illorP. 
 
 The rocks of this group are almost altogether of the siliceous class 
 in their lower division, the beds with a few exceptions sloping at low 
 angles, and the upper di\'ision lu-aily altogether consists of tlie soft 
 black argilliiciou.-i. Tlie archean rooks project into tliis field from the 
 north, an I presi'iit the Laurentiaii characteiistios, being largely covered 
 with drift deposits consisting of still svliite clay, sand and gravel. The 
 general surface of this drift is some SIM) feet below the hilltop, and the 
 streams have cut valleys below this still, with aides often 100 feet high, 
 the latter being also w.iter gullied. 
 
 Silver Mountain .Mine Ka.st l",nd, or .Sluiniah Wcacliu Mine -The 
 ( nclosiug rock is ai gillite, topped as usua' by a slieet of columnar trap, 
 the falling being jleaily visible and amounting to s;) feet. The me- 
 t illic minerals are light ami dark blende, galena, iron pyrites and a 
 little copper iiyi itcs, ihe silver occuiin/ both native and as sulphide or 
 argentite. The argentite is the most common, forming liliiis, sheets 
 and soii'l nuggets often several ounces in weight, while the sulphide is 
 more often in fern and wirj forms. The lirst ore fc iind here was re- 
 markably rich, and I',. 1). Ingills, .M.lv, says he "felt sure that several 
 tons of ore could have been obtained from the same spot which would 
 average $1,(101) to ?2,()i)0 per ton-" He then .says, "though silver bear- 
 ing rock has been found at several other spots in the vein, none of it is 
 as rich as this, nor do the developiivnts so fir 1SS7 — seem to have re- 
 sulted in proving any extensive bodies of ore, but an eiicouriging fact 
 is the linding in the west end, a mile distant on the same vein, of ore 
 running .?12" per ton, ai d it would seem strange if between these ex- 
 treme points, the vein was found barren of any bodies of payable yield 
 and size." Some good silver ore was also obtaiiicil in two small counter 
 veins on either side of the main vein. This mine was first leased to 
 Amerieans on 12 months option, who began work in the spring of l.SS.I, 
 and spent some .'JIO.IMM), but at the end >,f the year did not care to pay 
 the price asked, and gave tli.? jnoperty up to its owiers, who then in- 
 tereste 1 with them Messrs. Trethewey, who formerly managed Silver 
 I.slet Mine. In ISSG a little work was done resulting in striking more 
 silver in the upper tunnel, and in October a Liverpool, Kiigland, com- 
 pany bought the mine, began work October 27, and has carried on 
 operations ever since. Their share capital is t; 100,01)0, as follows : — 
 (^ost of property and lloating co., .t'5,j,000, for directors and other ser- 
 vices in forming company, ,ti),(MM) ; working capital, .t3,0(M). ('apt. 
 Thomas Trethewey and Mr. A. .1. D. BIythe arc the resident otlicers of 
 this company. It is IS miles west of the lieaver mine, and compriaca 
 over 1,.'{00 feet of vein in length, the average width being six feet, 
 though ranging from l.'t feet down to a few inches. Up to middle of 
 March this year fhe work done was H.UBS feet of drifting, 7.'^0 feet of 
 shaft sunk, 408 feet of winze and .'160 feet of rise, 4.") men being em- 
 ployed on an average. This mine was then down a depth of 470 feet, 
 liaviiig passed through the trap and slates and was then working in the 
 chert. Capt. Trethewey said that at 300 feet much ore, assaying ovor 
 
 11,000 ounces per ton, waa struck, the fnot wall there Iwiiig chert, and 
 the hanging wall slate. Itistinct traces of gold ai high ai l| oz, per 
 ton, have been found, and also copper and nickel traces. 
 
 Silver Moiiiitiin West l!nd .Mine. The vein cuts the niidille of the 
 hill almost east, and dips SO to H."> degrees, and has caused about half a 
 mile of valley by di-nudatioii. In the last report of the (leologieal 
 Survey of Canada it is described as "a very strong and persistent 
 tiasiire, showing at fr(i|Uent intervals riulit across the hill for over a 
 mile .Along its outcrop, on the top and for some distance below, the 
 vein is large and solid, from 4 to tl feet thick, whilst in the argillites 
 below, as one expects, its width is not so iiiirHistcnt, whilst a few feet 
 further on it comes together again as a l.trge sidid vein. The gangue 
 cuiisisls mostly of white baritc and calcite with a little I'o'orlesa ipiart/ 
 and green lluorite. The silver occiira both as native and as siilpliide or 
 argentite. (iood ore running about $127 to the Ion is found at the 
 west end, but the developments have not been extensive enough yet (o 
 show tlie extent of the ore body. It was also discovered by Mr. 
 t)|ivi'r Mounais, wdio treated it in separate liahes— east and west ends. 
 The west end was bonded, hut after a little work was done with very 
 encouraging results, the parties got into law as to control, which 
 stopped further work at that time IS.S,') (i. I!ut in May, ISSH, H. N 
 Nicholt, of Denver, t'olorado, at the heail of some I'liicago and New 
 York capitalists, resumed work on this property. It is about one mile 
 from the Kast Kiid, 14 miles fioni the l!<!a\er, and .'iO miles from I'ort 
 Arthur. The work done at visit consisted of surface siructnres, 
 shaft house, ore houses, assay and general (illiccs, boarding house, store 
 house, blacksmitli and machine shop, carpenter shop, six miners 
 cottages, stables, etc. Abmit 111) niei" were then employed. A 2-"i 
 horsepowir boiler oipplied steam for the hoisting and pui.ipin;^ plant. 
 Up to .April 17th about '22'> feet of sinking and ."ilM) feet of drifting 
 had been dune, and the vein is being opened in four places about "itlO 
 feet apart. The main shaft had continiKUis ore from the surface, and 
 at a depth of 200 feet was improving in i|Uaiitity and ipiality The 
 No 2 shaft struck rich ore near the surfact, and at a depth of • feet 
 was drifting ahmg a rich' ore body, .issaying from It, 01)0 to l^' .Ml o/. 
 silver [ler ton. Six a.ssays made from the ore taken out in develop- 
 ment at iliis jioint went respectively 11,IMM) o/ , S,1(M) oz. , 11,120 oz , 
 ~,X\n oz., IH,120 oz , l."i,r).SO oz. to the ton. the owneis state. 
 
 Mr. II. W Tallant, of the Denver Mint, ixamined this property 
 last summer some time after work had been resumed, and said it was a 
 strong tissure vein of wonderful ]iriiMiise and predicted immense results. 
 He took samples from the vein in the main shaft at ditl'erent points, 
 w hicli were assayed at the Denver Mint with the f dlowing results : — 
 400 oz., 2iH) oz.,'lS2 oz., 21 oz., S(iO oz., 40 oz., and 1 1,(M)0 oz. 
 
 Sfnne iJ.'t.'i.ODO lia\'e been already expended by this compan.v, and 
 every opening is in ore. The company is called the West I'liid Mining 
 Co. Mr. II. .\. Nichols is general manager; H. K. Nichols, snperin 
 tendent, and J. ,1 Dennen, assayer. The company contemplate putting 
 up larger hoisting plant and more extensive machinery this season. 
 
 Crown I'oint Mine. This vein is from .') to 4 feet wide, the silver 
 being argentite in leaf and nugget, the enclosing rock being very simi- 
 lar to Silver Mountain mine. The work up to visit consisted of .some 
 ,"):)() feet of driftinji, 1 10 feet of cross cutting and a 10-feet winze, ten 
 men being employed, no hoisting or pumping machinery being then 
 reipiired. All the development has been done by the original owners, 
 who have not had cnougli capital to open the vein more, though the 
 results have certainly been encnuraging. It is owned by .A. D. Cum- 
 mings, of Dulutli, and W. N. Montgomery, of Virginia City, U.S.A. 
 Ijluitc a lot of ore (said to be l,2(M) tons) is on the dump, for which the 
 owner claims an average value of S2.")0 per ton, and was then about 
 inaUing a shipment to tlniaha. The buildings are dry house and smith's 
 shop, sleeping ipiarters and eating house, olhcc and residence. The 
 property contains 100 acres, and is on Silver .Mountain, and a few 
 iiundred yards from the Kast Kiid mine. 
 
 .Silver Valley, R 1 1 1 This is one mile northeast of Silver l''alls, 
 and is (;wneil by W. H. Laird, C. S. 
 not yet developed. 
 
 Silver Hill, U 70 This ]iroperty is 2.3 miles from Murillo .Station, 
 and contains IBO acres. .Some testing work was done on this vein, anil 
 Mr. V. Howerman, of I'ort Arthur, who had some reports on this mine 
 said they showed it to bo a valuable proiierty but he was not at liberty 
 to give them just then. 
 
 I'aliaadcs Vein, R 07- R 98 This is nine miles west of lieaver Mine 
 and directly on the wagon road. The vein is a strong one averaging 
 six feet wide and waa traced a half mile. Mr. Malloy an expert pro- 
 nounced it a true tissure vein. Dr. Leiinan made several assays from 
 picked samples of its ore which laii from S.'iO to $1,200 per ton, an 
 assay from the outcrop made by Mr. Chas. Kieiasman gave $13 per ton. 
 This property contains .120 acres and has had a test shaft of some 40 
 feet sunk on it. It is owned by Messrs. Mcintosh .t Johnston and 
 Oliver Dounais of Port .Arthur, an<i negotiations are now proceeding 'or 
 its sale and operation. 
 
 .Morris and I'^M. French, but is 
 
'I'C'f^'l- Atv'M-|ill| 
 
 ii>.'I'|a';a^i-Ivi> 
 
 ^ 
 
:\l■^Tll U|: i i.'i.'iir,'!-]-,- aT'K-i 
 
 1 A. r>. <-limniinjj>;. 
 
 Crnwn Point Mine. 
 ■i. H. N. Niclioi, 
 
 >ilvcr Ml.W.ICnd.Mini'. 
 
 OWNERS AND OFFICEHS OF SILVER MINES IN PORT ARTHUR DISTRICT. 
 
 H. K Nicliol, 
 
 ;) Cipl. D.iii'l Mtl'hce. .5 t;h.i< lir..-.il. 
 
 k.ll)l)il Ml. Mine. I ll.KlKer MiiiL-. 
 
 i A. I. I> Rlylhe, I (i. W.rpol,- R.ihinil. 
 
 Shmiiitli Weachii Mine. ] C. K .\Iiiiiiij; Kiigineer. 
 
 7. Capt. ']'. Trelhf 
 Sliuiibh Wea. ■ 
 
 8. W. N. Montiioinery, j 10^ Cap. Tims. Hooper. I 1*2 Capt. CottanT, 
 
 Crown Point .Mine. | Heaver Mnic,| SiKer Wolverine Mine. 
 
 i-inervey. 111. M. K .Mcliol. I 11. W. J. Simmnnv, 
 
 achn >line. 1 Silver Mt W. Erui Mine. | H.uiyer .Mine, 
 
 13. A. 1 .ila). 
 
 .Silver Kox .Mil e 
 
 14. Oliver Duwnai^, 
 
, VO \'i T- A \i 'I- 1 1 11 1 C 1 1 .• I .• U h T' l< A 'I' H H ). 
 
 UJ 
 
 z 
 
 UJ 
 
 > 
 < 
 
 UJ 
 
 ffi 
 
 3 
 3 
 
 I 
 
 . 1 J. K.Johnsi 
 3 J. ^Ic 'I'eii 
 
 POBT ABTHTTK TOWN OFFICIALS. 
 
 hnslon. I 3 C. H. Shtra. | B. J.is. A. Fraser. ^ | 7. H. U Elliotu I 9 R. Nichol. Clif. Police. I 11. \V C. Drown. | 13 W. Mi.rdock, .(C E.; City Kng'r . 
 
 I'eigu*. I 4. W J. Bawlf. | 6. T A. (Jorham, Mnyor. | 8. P. Xicholson. | 10. G. M. Francis Assessor. | Vi. I. II. Woodside, (hf. Fire Dep'i | 14. J F. Rutun. 
 
PORT JlRTiilDR, ILLU8TRJ1TBD. 
 
 silver Kill. Fl 1 1(^ TliU vulii ia .'M miUifi S. \V. nf Port Artlitir, 
 till' Whili'lliili l.<kki' wu|{iiii I'liiil |iuiialii|{ iirur It, itixl tlm |ircip<wiiil I't. 
 A. I*, ft- ^V. Ky. iiini tliroiiKli tb" iimiifriv. It I'DntiiiiiN Hil uirut, U 
 Willi tiMilii'inl »iiil lina tt vri'ck will) i'iiiiii)(li Mitlnr pnwiM' to kuup n All 
 Mtikiiip iiilll in riiiKtiint work. Tliu vi In U from V to I'J fi'ot wlilc, ulinwn 
 liy uliiifU :ill, til) ikiiil -<M) fuet ii|mrt, wi-ll ili'liiiiMl witlN, iitrricH 
 milphiileii aii'l iintivK iiilvnr, tliu {(lUitfiiu lii'iir^ tlin piiMilUr pink uptr of 
 Silvvr Ulvt vuln. III. l<iililiHli nny» : '^.Sjh ii' Kulla Ih onii of tliu liuat 
 
 {iropcrtli'M 111 III" <liatri>:t." .Mr, l'i'l«r Mi.Ki'llnr ii'porta : " Thu aiir 
 ikoe aoil la good for rcri'iilH nml root cropa Tim lo' >il illatiirlitiicit la 
 iiiiiianal in lliia Ititt lylii^ foriiiatioti, tli« Aniniikli', uml I iiiiiniilur audi, 
 f,ivoniliU> pliii'i^a to itiplorii for niiitulllfiToim vuiiii. 1 1 Ixilmixa to tlm 
 vi'lli* intttrai'otliiK tlm ailvur Inilt. nilil la welt worthy of lliiiioiigli 
 mining t<ml." Vh\ \Vitl|Hilii UoIiukI, C. K , M I' , aiiya it liita "ii ({wxl 
 aliiiwiiiK of li'ikf aih'cr. " ('apt. .Inliii Triitliuwi'v aaya it la "a well 
 (lotlnvd villi wliirli proiiilai'a wull. " 
 
 Hr I<i-liiiuii iimili' 'i<l Haaitva of Ita ore ntii){iiiK f rnm I ,'i to •^4I) 
 iiiinc'ua of ailvcr por ton, with n tracu of ij"''' Thia proporly ia iiwiihiI 
 hy Mr .1. ('. Iliiakiiig, of I'ort Arthur, who liaa Hxpiimluil over l.'i.lKN) 
 upon it, tlio aiirface work inuluilln){ amith'i alinp, liuanling hoiia», nieu'« 
 ijiiiirtura, I'ti', 
 
 Aii({ii»lu .Miiio. Thia proprrly la n Imlf niiln from .Silver .Mt. wcat 
 end, (iintuinH \'.V.t iirri'a und liaa it goml wii^'on roitil tlirongli it. Ilia 
 diatanl from the C I'. H. '.Ml iiiilia, ia oovoifd with timlicr aiiitjilili! for 
 mining purpoHi'ri, and honluri on u amiill lukc. 'I'hii formiition ii- aimilar 
 to othiT veina of the Kioiip. Some three iierea iire cloned and niliilng 
 liiiildiiiKa oiucteil. .Mr IVtur MeKellur, who u.XHmiiicil it, a.iya live or 
 nix amall veina in a till foot liruailtli ahow In the ex|>oaur» and aeeni to l>u 
 portioiia of onii vein tinanre An HO fiKit tunnel la driven in thu alate* 
 1,^1 feet lieliiw the trap, Hhowing thu vein continuous, with a fair nliow 
 of ore* ineliiding ailvur. The viiln varied from a few to Hi iiuliea and 
 I hroku out ailver glance anil eoiiaider it onu of gruat promixu. " /\. 
 KiiUo, M.K., of Silver Kox Mine, alao reported favoraldy upim thia 
 I roperty, and an aaaay l>y Mr. (harlea lirunt, of Itailger Mine, gave 
 Slid oiineea of allver pur t>ui of 'ilHHI piiiimla, ao the owiiur, Mr. Silaa 
 (•rlDitha aaya 
 
 l!i:i T. 'I'liin vein la alx inilea south of .Silver Mountain, west, ami 
 eontaina L'lll aurea. It ia ,ilao owned liy .Mr (irillltliH who Htatea that a 
 test pit on It made a good allowing of ailvur. 
 
 wiirrKfiHii lAKK iMtotir. 
 
 The .Silver Wolverine Mine. This property uontains HO acres, 
 leas than :j mile from the north ahoie of U hiteli.ih Lake, anil just eaat 
 of the l^ueeii lo.;ati(Ui. ('apt. K. 1. S. WilllairM, of thu Heaver .Mine, 
 deaerihus it thiia: It is ou the general run of the highly niliierall/ed 
 helt and earryliig the ailvur (uea of thi^ diatriit, and euriiua tAo 
 atrongly delined veins. The vein at surface is 4.J feet wide, and at 
 Id feet depth Is .'1^ and ulduna to 4^ feet at liottoni of shaft (then down 
 ,'14 feet). Thu vein Is eoinponed of i|Uart/., eulcitu, and lliioi' spar, 
 carrying native silver, argentiferous galena, pyrites, Idack or glaiici^ 
 silver, and zinc lilendc, the latter in this district invarialdy carries 
 I onsiileralde silver. The gcneriil appearance of this loile is very 
 promising indeed, the facilities for developing are very favor.ildo, and 
 the location presents a most excellent prospect for developing into a 
 tirat class mine when propurly opened out. 
 
 .Mr. H. I)u I.}. Sewell, Assoc. Mem I. O.K. and D.L.S. leports : 
 "The Wolverine is well wooded with timlier a litalde for hiillding and 
 mining purposes, while its height ahovu thu ake uMonl facilities for 
 mining not often niut with. The located line- i the I't. A. 1 1. A: W. Hy., 
 which it ia expected will hu liuilt soon, pi;,s9ua through thu location" 
 
 'This mine is lieiiig '.orked hy an Kngliah company, iniorporated, 
 with a capital of t'100,000, Mr. A. 11. Cottain heiug local agent. 
 
 Silver Kox Minu, R 2(54. This propurty Is l'2 miles west of .Silvir 
 Mountain, anil ia operated hy MuDsrs. H. N. Nichols and Achillea Kalco, 
 work having begun in June, l.'<.S,S, some ten men being employed. A 
 road of four inilus had to hu cut, and lumber for building' whipsawed, 
 and all supplies, tools, etc., packed in. The shaft iu March ISiSil was 
 down 'J."> feet and cross cut of l'2."i feet run, winking one shift. The 
 buililingH are a boarding house, ollicu and manager's house, smith's shop, 
 ore house, etc. The vein is a, true tisuuro about 4 feet wide, and the 
 shaft shows considerable high grade ore, hut the amount of water 
 coming in the shaft stopped further sinking until such time as the 
 owners are aide to get in machinery, either by railroad fauUilies or 
 wagon roail. Meanwhile the cross cut is being pusheil to cut the vein 
 at a depth of about lOU feet from the surface. 
 
 Silver Tip Mine. This is .Ti miles from Murlllo station on the 
 C P. R. and upon the line of the proposed I't. A. U. & W. Railway. 
 .Silver Fox wagon road runs through the location on the south end, and 
 Wolverine road passes within a mile on its northern boumlary. Two 
 very distinct veins running parallel to each other, show oiitcroppingB at 
 various places on the surface, with an average width of six feet, and 
 tilled with calcites, fliiorites, barytes, (piart/, and pyrites of copper and 
 iron, the pay ore being native silver. The veins are an extension of 
 
 thoae of the Silvrr Koi and are iiaally traitid. With >uin>'liint oikplUl 
 the Silver Tip promiai<« to be onu of the atuitdy prodiiuera in thu 
 country. 
 
 MIninu locationa. 'id T. 27 T, '.Ml T Theae are on aniilh al.le of 
 Mttle (iiillljike, foiii nilira N.W. of U hilellah Like and forty six mill a 
 from I'nrt .\rlhiir, the projected waguii roiid puaaea near them W. H. 
 h'urlongu, ,M.K , saya : "the vein la well delined and fioiii .'i lo N fei t 
 wide, aluiHlng zinc bliiiide, galena and pyrltea giving fill In illvvr por 
 ton and a amall anioiint of gold." 
 
 Illack Hear l,ode. Iliia atrikna N. .'17 dogreva K. , thu vein nverag- 
 lug four feet wide ia alickeliaided and aliowa alrong niliicraliaatioii 
 Soiiie work has also lieiii done on .Suiiaut Lake vein, .Medicine lllillV, 
 Scripture vein, lliirlliiirta, llunuiv's, Laplaiitu'a, eU\ 
 
 A amall ateainer owned by the U est Kiid .Mining Co., i* now run- 
 ning on Whitullah l<ako(or iiae of mining mun. 
 
 I'llMKNT I'OSITioN. 
 
 ( ominuiiii'ktion ia much iinprowd in thediati let. and ia good. The 
 ('. I'. Ry. alloids connui^lion with hu rest .if the world, the khores are 
 eoaily leached friiMi I'oit Arthur iy tug or amall craft, while the 
 llawiiin road, Oolonization i'imhI anil othura, with thu niimcroiia cinou 
 routea alloi-d eonnection with the interior. I''relglit rules me now leaa 
 oiiahle, both In aiippllea for thu minua ami prodiicia from llicm, and thu 
 growth of agricultural aettleiiient will atlll furihur reduce thu cost of 
 suatunancu. 
 
 The silver iniiiea working at preiuiit are thu Heaver, Hadgur, .Silver 
 Mountain Kaat Knd, Silvei , Mountain Weat I'liid, (rouii Point, Silver 
 Wolverine, Silver Fox, ami KIgin, ami some other locations are either 
 being devchipuil or pruparaliona buliig made thurefoi. 
 
 UK.SII.TS Arr.MNKll. ' 
 
 Until thu opening of the CJiiiadian Pn<ilic Railway In I.SSH SO, 
 from ocean to ocean, through thu dinti let, communicatioiis with thu out 
 aidu world wuru poor being by boat and in summer only and thii 
 even only allected the ends of the lakl^ though s >me coniiei tion was 
 kept up with liahiiig statioiia. etc , by tugs and other iriegidar steamera, 
 1111(1 the whole coast line of hundreds ol miles tiiiiiiliig the iia'ural baa' 
 of explorers operations had to be reached by tlicsi; impel fuct iiieana 
 .\dd to tliesu *liu former abaunce of interior roads, compelling canoe or 
 boat travel and foot joiirneya, carrying supplies on men's backs, the 
 ilenae hush, limiting sight, ami the snow in winter, and aL-io the ex- 
 peiiau ol supplies, as owing to thualmence of fai'iiieis until last few years, 
 everything was liiijiorted. These great dilliciilties were also expensive, 
 causing a very grailual opening up of thu region, and largely de'.i rrud 
 people from milking or developing discoveries. lOvcii when work began 
 to teat veins, incorrect estimates of the amount needed to dexulop a 
 prospect into a proved mine, either caiisud premature abaiidoiiiiig or a 
 starting w ith iusntlicient capital and exhaustion of the funds bcloru thu 
 vulii was priived a paying one or not. Capit^il wa-i also used in liiiilding 
 stamp mills and other surf.ice work not al ouc needed, which if uni 
 plo^ud in uridcrgi'ouiiil work iiii^lit have carried the propcrry ihrough 
 stiH'tcliesof poor vein to a pay ii'g standpoint. Thcrr consider lliecliangus 
 in the mining laws, high prices upon locations and proprietary si|ii:ilililes 
 and a desire to work only thu very riclieat ores, licglccliiig llie more last- 
 ing and finally prolltahlc low gr,ide ores. These laiuircs from audi 
 causes airuetcd thu region unfaviuably and render it dilHciilt to iiiti'iest 
 thoae at a distancu, who, unac(|uainted vvilh theau inside facta, iiiuat 
 jiiilgu from outside appearancua. 
 
 ('onsidering all the cir'ciinistaucits and with the light of thia in- 
 formation, the reasonable investigator will admit that the reaul.« 
 attained have been satisfactory. 
 
 liBNKItAI. NOTKS. 
 
 Mr. ('has. F. Fachweiler, Mining F.iigineur, of Milwaukee, I'liitod 
 •States, and dii-covercr of the rich l!a Iger mine, ailvisca thu formation 
 of an exploring company, to make thu nios'., of thu miiieral wealth of 
 thu country, and says : " Voiir miniiigdiatricts deaurve iiiorc than any 
 other on this continent tin; fullest and closest attentioii. Tliuru is not the 
 least doubt in my niinil, that the north shore of Lake .Superior will 
 ui|ual, if not surpass, thu grual success of thu minua of the .south shore. " 
 
 Mii. N. Lkiinkn, Ph I)., analytical chumiat, of St. Paul. U.S., 
 says "Port Arthur tliatrict will be the most important silver Held in thu 
 world. The dcposita are more easily reached and vvorkeil than else- 
 where, and thu ore richer The veins are either struck at surface or 
 near to it, ami are from '2 to more feet wide. The veins are true, and 
 with no trouble from water in the mines, aa they are l,"iO feet above water 
 level, and timbering is needed only in the shaft, and little even there. 
 There are ample supplies of fuel and water at close command and ot 
 low cost for all mining wanta, and supplies are reasonable and easily 
 laid in." 
 
 It is a curious fact that though some of the most valuable mines ia 
 I'ort Arthur district, were pointed out by Indians, yet at first none of 
 them could be induced to tell the situation or go near the properties. 
 
 £) Citjr Kng'r. 
 
POKT JlKTiiUK ILLU8TKJ1TED. 
 
 wiirlliy of 
 »t lhi.lt) 
 ■III ImiU' lliix aiili 
 
 thoiijih iM'rliitiu willing lii iImitIIw tlitiin ulimtly •nnii||li to •n«>iU iithiin 
 U> Hiiil tlixiii. 'riiU •ii|Mir<tlll>iiit iili|<'i't|iiii til nmkiiiii kimwii Ilia Iimi« 
 tliina of iiiliirritU UiwrlUiil lo liUlrliit tlinl (liryitrKiil « murol ilmrkotiT, 
 th<i iIIxI'mIiik iif wliii'h Mill riiiinH hiiii iniiilili' iir mrly ilnittli Tlicy 
 
 l»rr Mil* Im'IIuVi'iI til |IIIMIt>M llrlll'l |(I|||| •|H'i'l|||rll» til III iiiiy liltlivrto 
 
 (ilituliii'il III till' ilUtrli'l. 
 
 Inin l'«|>liililtlnli4 llit\i< In>iiii I'lirlH' I nil nil lliu I ith)(ii mIiIi'Ii KUtrlliU 
 aillltllMcat (null lllli r. I'. K. lit Kltlllllliatii|lll» atitllnh to lliii lllt«r 
 iiatloiiitl ll'iiihiliiiy. I'hi' •iirf*i:i> liiilliiiliiiiia uri' llmt urn of i|iiil« »• 
 ^ixhI .jiiiillty mill ii'iliiiiilv III i|iilti' It* uriiitt nil nnliiiil ntUt* tlnim iw U 
 to lid (iiiiiiil ■•mill lit till' liiiK i mill I'ort Arthur may ynt Ih> mi iniii nm 
 •hl|i|iiiit( port ii( liii|iortuiii'i<. 
 
 Ill I'liiiiiiii'liiiii Willi tint iiiliiiii|{ liiiliKlry Iwii iimiiiiii » 
 
 • IM'ri ll llll'lltliill lllhl lllc IVi'liill'Ilt of till' I'lilt Arllllll' r.o.ti 
 
 tllUa ll'fuiil III tlli'lll ill llil Ual ilililriiaa " I i iiniint 
 
 JtOt .'illiotlt lili'lilioliiii^ Ihi' nillillM of two liil'll, lo whnav lllil«fltll|{illlll' 
 
 Msrtlona, prolHilily inon' lliiii to iiiiy ntlii'in who liiivi' iiitiirr>iti<il tliiiiii 
 
 ■olvi't III iiiliiin)( ill tliia ili>lri>'l, iiiiirli nf tin' ■mi'i'xi mul ntinr^jy now 
 
 illi|il<tyiiil mi' 'III!' wIiIId to iiltlivr mill or IliK otlior iiiuiil liii kIwii the 
 
 vrvilil for hiivlii^ liiii'h limtrii itiil in itltiiu'tliiK to our iniiint iii'iirly 
 
 •li thii oiitniilii rii|iilHl now i'iii|iliiMil ill IhiH liiiliialiy. ll in, of iniirHu, 
 iiimillitii fill mil to «av tlml tliiii' liitiillciiii'ii um Mr 'riioiiiiw A Kuufur 
 mill Mr. \Vitl|iolu ICo'lmnI, (' K , M K " 
 
 Mr T A Ki'i'fiir i> It Cmiitilimi liy liirtli, I'lliiuittlon itml tMtn 
 Me ia It 4iitrri>ti'r, itiiil Win Imniiri'il li> llm lliitiali AaaoiHiitloii fur thu 
 Ailv:tiiriiiM«iit of Si'li'iii'i' ill lii'in;; iiiiniii it iiiiiiiilirr of tliiit Uiily aoiiii> 
 yeitri aiiu'u, a« it iiimk of a|i|iriiviil of hia Ulior in their tivlil 
 
 'I'll Mr Kii'for ttiia iiiiiinly iliii tlir uttrailivH iiml very eirectlve 
 ilillii'iiil r illi'ilioii ai'iit from I'ort Arthur to the Coloiilitl Kxhiliitiiiti 
 ■iiinii tliicu >i<mn aiii' c. mul Im Iiiih for yuitrn aiiunt mi iiiniii'iiHii itmoiiiit 
 of tiinr, litlior mill iininov in tht> I'lnli'iiMir to plm r fully itiiil |ii'ii|ii!rly 
 lirforii till' w'orlil ii triiu kiiowli'il){i> of tin' cxtiiit, viirirty mnl woihlnrfiil 
 vitliiu of till' niiiiiiritl ili'|H)aila of tiila ilialiiit. liii Wita oim of Ihr 
 iiri){iniil iiwiicrH of thi' lU'itv.r iinil Kuliliil Miiiiiitaiii ailvrr iniiiea, iiiiil 
 lit iiri'miit in wIioIk or piirt of thu lliiroiiiiiii ^iilil mini', /viiilli /iiiu 
 mini!, I'on ii|iiiii', SIKir (ii'i'k. W I'at lli'iivcr, [M^ IWiir mnl vitriiiiu 
 oihi'i nilt'rr iniin'ri Hiiil mining loi'iitinnH mnl other miiiuritl proiiiirtli'H. 
 I 'poll nil 111' liita iloiii', itloiiu or with othi'ia, ii liir^'ii iimoiint of ilcvi'lop- 
 ineiit, loatiiiM u vi'iy liiriji' mniniiil of moiii'y mnl ii'aiilliiin in tlir iiillow 
 of capitiillntn iinil miiiiii>{ men, fioin wlnnn tlm iliatriut ia now ri'iiping 
 ^niiit iirolit Mr. Kcefur hiia iilao tnkeii gri'iit inlrnat in the iigrii'iil- 
 turn of till' iliKtri't. ia preaiilint of ihi> \\ liitilinli S'lilley ('oloni/.ittion 
 (jompitny, mnl Iwii iiinlir i.ultivittion h loiiniiliriililu fiuiii on I'li' lalitml 
 
 Wiilpiilc Kolmiil, C.K., .\I.K. Thia gontli'iinin yftvi' Ihnniiw mining 
 HlintriL't anient iiiipetiia two yema hime in hiaexhaiiativr work ".\ljj;iinm 
 Weat," wliiili ia now lieiirini; fruit, hia liiii^ lynl intiniiite knowluil^e of 
 till' lonntry iiinl ita ininerii! reaoiircea apei iaiTy littinK him for the tiiak. 
 Willi Ilia tiiii' eiliniittion iia it eivil en^^iinei, jjiiiit niitiiiiil iilillitiea uml 
 fitiile pen, hu liiia lieiii of «ieal airviee to Weatein I'anaila, itnil in- 
 • leeil till) l)oniinion, aa he waa a limg tiine exploiatory engineer uii 
 Murveya fill the Interooliniiiil uml Cumiliaii I'aiiliu liuilwaya, ami a 
 triiaty e\iiminer ami valuator for the latter coiiipaiiy in the Nortliweat 
 Terriloriea. He aluo maile a apeeial aurvev in the Athaliaaea country, 
 mill the liral aurvey for the railway from U iiinipig In llinlmin'a Hay. 
 Koin in liilia. eiliie il at I'Minliurgli llijjii .Siliijol. lie enlereil the 
 lieiiiK'al Kiijjineeis ami iw active .M'rvice in Iinlia ami China. After 
 retiring from the Iliitiah army, he oaiiie to C'aiiaila, haa ha<l many 
 years' experience ai a miniiiK cxjierl, fi'( in Nova Scotia lo Aigoina, 
 anil liita written many \.iliiah|i' ami innat intereating ailiclea, among 
 them a aeriea for I lie M'liiilnhii CnhiiiiM, of which jiiiiriial lie was 
 mining eilitor in IS.ST. Among the Imlea in I'oit .\rthur iliatriot ho 
 haa lieen inatnimeiital in organi/ing anil ileveloping into true ininehiKiil 
 are the Silver Wolverine, the XVeat Heaver, the I'orciipine, .Silver 
 (y'reek, llig Iteir, Silver Champion, I'aliaaile ami Lone rine, upon which 
 eonaiilei'ithlu work has lieen iloiie, anil most are known to Im rich 
 
 Hva yu»ri, until the iieampiiriNteh ol Ihn r»llw«y oiinti»>l|iiii •lnp|wi| It. 
 Aa •omo .1,(NII) innn wnre niiiplnyeil on thu ■relloiii •uppllml fniiii here, 
 •luring thii liiillilliiM of IhnC. I*. Ky, eaualng en liiinienaH llow of iiiiiniiy, 
 It gave IliK place •■tiling iwlvanie In \H'H Shiiiiiith iiiiiiili'iiNtllty lie 
 gkii liiiiMiiig the I'riiii'ii Arlhiii'i btinliiig mnl Kaniiiilaliipilit Ky., eiiat- 
 lug lUMNHI, anil hIiIcIi la now iniTgeil into the <'. I* H. •yatrin The 
 log hiiiia* liullt In ISiM wita iiaeil liy the I'lilillu Worka Departinent anil 
 after liy the I hitarlo lUiik in I^Vn, ami now alainU nil the tloverninent 
 reaervii op|Mwitii the llaptlat I hiiri'h, mi CiinilHirlanil alieet The llril 
 iliH'k waa liiiilt In IrtllN, (or wooiling up the olil Algonnt atiaiiiahip, mnl 
 a<>rviiil fill laiiiling the trimpa ami anppliea lor the til at Iteil Klver K»|Mi' 
 ililioii, (Mineral \Volaely aeniling the liiiililor, Mr, .laiina Hiikaon, » 
 fiVI ehei|iin lor ita nae, lieiiig more than the atriicliire coat III IKIM4 Mr. 
 iMi'kaoii liiillt the liral aime for Mr. Thnnnia Mark*, a place 10x111 fe«t, 
 anil H liiet high, out of I.INNI lent of liimU'r wlilcli he ami Mr. .lama* 
 h'liiliurty raftvil aahme, ,)nne I'Jih, it lieliig the tirat liiinlier importnil. 
 
 Till' aa year Mr. I'laherty Inillt the tirat atopping place, on the Dawaon 
 
 Uoitil, ami aflerwaril liiiilt ami owneil I he lliat hotela, the liial ainlaeciiml 
 (^ileen a which atooil on the aite of the .Northern. 
 
 In INSI the town liitil l,IIIM) people ami .10 liiiaineaa hoiiaea, lioth 
 iloiililiiig the ni'xl year. In the fall of ISN'J tin railway contractor* 
 opeiieil the line tlirnilgh lo Winnipeg, ami ill May, INS.'I, the Caliailiaii 
 I'ltcjlic Ky to. tiHik over the line from them, ami In opening it for full 
 trallic in ISSO placeil the town i" i loae cminection willi llm worlil. 
 rilK row <i i.ilVKUNMKST 
 
 In InTI thu town ait« w«a laiil out liy the Ontario liovvrniiioiil and 
 in IHT'I it Wita iiicor|Hirali)il along with lliu itiljnlning townalii|M of 
 
 Mclntyre, Mcliiegor, l'ai| ngn, \ieliing, lllake, ( rooka, ranlev ami 
 
 the lalainl Waril ami fnrini"! tlii- niiiiiiiipalily of .Shiiiiiah In March 
 I SSI the Town nf I'ml .\rthiir waa im orporateil out ol I hia municipality, 
 mill cnnaiata of the North mil South Wanla of riime Ailhnr'a Ltnillng 
 with portiona of Ilic Inwnahiiia of .Mclntvic ami Mcliregor The 
 Town' ia ili\ iileil into three wanla repreaunlei) aa fullowa : The .Mayor 
 eh'cleil liy the W'hiiUi town ami three coiincillnra fioiii each wanl electuil 
 liV the rateiiityera In thu reapeulivi) wanla Tlie tirat council conaiatnil 
 of Thnnnia Niarka. Mayor, liy acclaination. ami coiincillni''. Winl one - 
 tii'o II. Kinne'iy, It Vigaia, .1 C. llnaUing. Waril two W. (1, 
 Smith, Will Maigai h, 'laniea Dickanii Wanl thrvo A 1. Kiiaaell, 
 .1. I'' Kiittan. 'I. T. Mackay. 
 
 •rilK. TOW .N'a IIAII.V I.IFK. 
 
 The town hell, at the police atatlmi, ringa at 7, I'i, l.'l ami IKo'clocU 
 ami on Suinlay'a at II, I.S::iOaml III o'clock lor all the churchea except 
 llio lininan ( iiihnlic. whic I. hit* it* own bull ami ring* at II, H, IO;.'lo \'i, 
 IN, |S:;tOani| I!) o'cloek. 
 
 Till' aclinnla liegiii at ll.'.'IO, tliu noon I'eceaa living 1^ lioiira, ami doae 
 ut llloclnik. 
 
 .Maila an ive, from the west, at 11:1)0, ilaily except Tiieaday, uiul 
 from the eaai, at I l:,'IU. ilaily except I'riilny. Maila cliiao ilnily ut HiIU) 
 except Tiieailay for 111" weat ami Kriilay for the eaat. 
 
 Steamlioata froiii poiiita on Lake lliiinn ami (Iciirgian Kay arrive 
 Monilay. Weilneailay ami I'riilay, ami from lliiliitli, .Moniliiy, 'lueailay, 
 TLiirailay ami I'riilay, ami leave aaiiie ilaya, 
 
 C I' Ky lioala .u rive .Momlay, Weilneailay uml Triilay at 10; 
 luuve till the eaat, I'lieailiiy, Thurailay and Satunlay at l.'l o'clock. 
 
 I'nrt William l-'nrry l«»vo* daily at (liliO, ll:i;i, |;I::|0 and lllil.t 
 o'clock. 
 
 'Town Council meet* every aeennd and fourth Monday in uacli 
 nionlli. 
 
 Hoard of Trade (.'ouncil ineeta Hrat Tuesday in each month. 
 
 Hoard of Trade ineeta tirat Tiieaday in .laiiuury, April, .luly uud 
 (Ictolier. 
 
 I'ire Hrigade inectn every Weilneailay at l!J::tO o'clock. 
 
 C I' Ky lelegniph ollice open on week daya from 8 to 'JO, and on 
 Sunday fniiii It to 10 ami fioin III to 17 o'cloek. 
 
 'There are alioul 1,000 pcnple in the town, and they keep ll" 
 lioraes, MO i^ow'a and l71doga. 
 
 Some Port JJptl^un Jlistop^. 
 
 The town ia on the weatern height of 'Tlinmlcr Hay, and lies in 
 littiluile 4>i' '.'Ii N, and Inngitmlc SI) .'{I west. It in in Thunder lUy 
 district, in Weaturii Algomu, a divi.sion of the great I'rovince of Ontario, 
 tho largeat, wealthiest and most important memliei' of the Dmninion of 
 ('unada In lsr)7 Mr Koliert .McN'i'-ar, Crown Lands .\geiU, the first 
 white settler, limit the fir.it house neor the present interaceliou of Ar- 
 thur and ('uinlierland alreets, then covered with a heavy gro,vtli nf 
 timber. 'The original tusvn contained ouly.'i.ll acres, which wore sold 
 at public auction by the (lovernment. 
 
 In IH.MI Mr. S. .1. lUwaou, now M.I', for Algoina, suggested to the 
 liovernment of Canada the jiropriely of a road fnini 'Thuiidir !'..iy lo 
 Manitoba, and work was begun on it ISOHIi!), and coiitini'.cii for .aome 
 
 Fir-st Persons and Events. 
 
 The first while resident was Kraiik Hrown, Sr., who came (runi 
 Collingwood, Ontario, in IH,')7. , 
 
 I'irat while child born was .lane McKachen, in l.siil. 
 
 h'irst I'hysician, .1. .'\. .Macdonell, M.I).; first lawyer, .1. Kitzger- 
 »ld : liiat Btipcmliary magistrate, I). I). Van Norman ; first sliurifl°, 
 John K. Clarke, M l». ; tirst judge dist. court, .lohii .M. Hamilton, IS.SI; 
 lirst poatiiiaster, I) .M. Hlackwood ; first mayor, 'Thoinaa Marka, 
 April 'JH, I SSI ; first president l«>ard of trade, 'Tlioinaa .Marks. 
 
 I'Mrst house waa built in 1X57, by Kobert McVicar; first store 
 in l.SOS, by .James nickson for 'Tiioinas Marks k tJo. ; lirst dock in 1808, 
 by James lUckson for 'Thomas Marks & Co., lirst hotel, by James Klaherty; 
 HiMt mail service via Duliith, ISOl : tirst sod turned on ('. I'. Ry., Jua* 
 
•v*^ ^v I .Nj I II II |v' iiiia.i»>'i-|-v'A-'i-j',-t>. 
 
1 -C \i •'!• A |C 'I- 1 1 II I C 1 1 .- 1 ; 11 :^-l'- 1 C A T- H i 
 
'PC' \i '[■• A \l n- [-1 U I v' ILL l-l :.^ 'I- fv A '[• K "D. 
 
 
 
 
 K* 
 
^'fefj^r A l•^■^• 1 1 i-i i'^ ii.hu.>^'i-|^^'i-i- 
 
POKT JlHTJiUR. 1LLUSTR.J1TBD. 
 
 lit, 1875; first Ry. engine entered Port Arthur, May (1, 1S77; fimt min- 
 ing lociitinn sold IKflO, Walbridge loc. to John Mclntyre und Duncan 
 McFlachen ; first road, a trail to Dog I^alte, in 1857, by N. \V. T. Co.; 
 first survey, Re<l River I'^xploring Rx., July HI, 1857 ; first meeting to 
 consider V. V. Ry. uonnection, Juni!, 1875, in Hebert's Hall ; first 
 cargo of railroad iron, from Kurope, 550 tons, Capt. J. Clifford ; first 
 cargo of grain cxporte<l on stt'iui ijargo Krin, Capt. J. Clifford, loaded 
 from cars at Marlis wharf. 
 
 Sir .lohn Kranliliu passed on way to arctic circle IS4(lj visit of Karl 
 and Countess Uufferin, 1874; visit of Man|uis of Lome, 1881; visit of 
 Maniuis of I.,amIsdowne, 1885 ; Dominion Kxpress opened. May 14, 
 1881): first permanent dock, govt., 187'2-73; Ontario Haiili opened, 
 1875; mails to Kort (iarry iMigau, 1855; Red River Kxpedition under 
 (ieneral VVolscley arrived. May, 1870; Dawson Route Ijegun, 1868; 
 Troops for Saskatchewan trouble arrived, April, 1885, and returned 
 July, 1885; Canadian I'acific Ry. opened from the Atlantic to the Pacific, 
 July 1st, 1880. 
 
 Companies and Coppopations. 
 
 Lakk Sri'KittoB Ti:(i Company (Li.mitk.d). -(!eo. A. (iraham. Pres- 
 ident : H. A. Wiley, .Manager. Incorporatc<l, 1888; capital $12,500. 
 Composed of Thomas Marks, Qeorce A. Craliam, John T. Horno, (Jeo. 
 T. Marks, J. C. Graham, H. A. WUey. Business — Towing, wrecking, 
 lightering. 
 
 Vessels— Tug Mary Anne 100 tons. 
 
 " Salty Jack 50 " 
 
 " Steam barge — Butcher Boy I.IO " 
 
 " Lighter-,-Black Prince 75 " 
 
 " " Reciprocity 200 " 
 
 TiiK Tiii'N"i>Kii Bay Boom and Slidh, f.,r.MiiKK, Dock and Forwaru- 
 INO CoMi'ANV (lilMlTKi)).— Incorporated 1885; capital $50,000. James 
 Conmco, M.l'. P, President; James McTeigue, Secretary. 
 
 TiiK TiiRNDER Bay Korwakdino and I'".i.kvator Com pan v. --Ks- 
 tablished 1882 ; capital, $300,000. Thomas Marks, President; George 
 T. Marks, Secretary. 
 
 Lakh Sri'EKioR Dock, Kiprwakdimi and Ki.evator Co.mi'any.— 
 Ksteblislied 1882 ; capital, $100,000. I). F. Burke, President. 
 
 Port Arthi'r, Duli'tii and We.stkrn Railway. — Incorporated 
 1885. M. Dwyer, ['resident; James McTeigue, Secretary. 
 
 TiiK Ontario and Rainy Rivkr Railway Company. James 
 Conmee, M.P.I'., President. 
 
 PortArtiu'R Watkr, Powkr ani) I^kmit Company.— Organized 
 1888. M. Dwyer, President; James .McTeigue, .Secretary. 
 
 Seepet and otfjep Soeieties. 
 
 SiHNiAH Chapter, R.A.M.,N(i. 82, (;.R.C. -Officers: I';x. Comps. 
 J. A. Fraser, Z; R. K. Mitchell, I. P./,; W. (;. Smith, H ; J. E. 
 Johnston, J; VV. J. Clarke, S.K. Comps.— W. L. Bell, S.N ; H. de 
 g. Sewell, P.S. Rt. K.X. Comp.— S. \V. Ray, Treas. Comp.— \V. H. 
 Demuth, S.S ; T. I. Roberts, J.S. Kx. Comp. — A.W.Thompson, 
 Master of Ceremonies. Comps.— A. H. Chase, Master 1st Veil ; 0. 
 VV. Bonter, Master 2nd Veil ; C. H. Strutt, Master 3rd Veil ; J. K. 
 McLennan, Master 4th Veil. Kx. Comp. — R. K. Mitchell, Janitor. 
 
 Shi'niam Loduk, 
 Bro. J. K, Johnston, 
 C. A. Lauey, J.W.; 
 Geo. Moorip':, Sec. ; 
 
 A.F. & A.M., No. 287, G.R.C.— Officers: VV. 
 W.M. ; J. A. Fraser, I. P. M ; A. More, S.VV ; 
 J. H. Woodside, Chap.; VV. J. Clarke, Treas.; 
 W. H. Demuth, S.D.; M. N. Garland, J.D.; V. 
 
 \V. Bro. W. C. Dobie, I), of C; R.VV. Bro. S. VV. liay. Organist; 
 A. Saunders, I.G.; G. W. Browu, S.S.; J. A. Woodside, J.S. : John 
 (ioodhead, Tyler. 
 
 Meets first Tuesday on or before full moon . 
 
 Grand LoD(iE, 17tii Alooma Di.strict- Officers : R.VV. Bro. 
 S. W. Ray, D.D.G.; A. VV. Thompson, P.D.DG.M. 
 
 Knuihts Templars, Ray Preceptory, No. 2.3, Oiuianized 1879— 
 S. VV. Ray, Eminent Preceptor; R. K. Mitchell, Marshal ; VV. J. 
 <'larke. Constable. ^■• 
 
 Meets every Wednesday on or before full moon. Masonic Ud. 
 
 CANADIAN ORDER OK FORKSTKR.S. 
 
 CoiRT Port Ap.thcr, No. 194— Otiicers ; L L. Matliews, D. D. 
 H.C.R.; Geo. Slipper, C.R ; J. A. Friser, V.C.; R. J Lawrense,- 
 Rec. Sec; J. Woodside, Fin. Sec; VV. J. liarrie, Treas.: Hy. Mur- 
 <loch, Chap,; VV. C. Woodside, Sen. VV.; H. Gazeley, Jun. VV.; A. VV. 
 Thompson, B.; F. Witherspoon, B.; G. S. Beck, M.D., Court 
 Physician. 
 
 Meets lit and 3rd Friday in each month at 8 p.m. in Hall, Wright 
 Block. 
 
 ()DDrKLU>W8. 
 
 Port ARTiurn Lodok, 244 I. O.O.F Officers : A. M. Gill, .I.P.G.: 
 J. VV. Crooks, V.G.; Alex. Allen, V.G.; VV. Burrows, Rec. Sec; M. 
 Nicholson, Per. Sec; VV. J. Inglis, Treas. 
 
 Meets every Wednesday night. 
 
 KNKIHTS or PVTIIIAH. 
 
 Crumadkr Luook, No. 5— Officers : (ieo. Hodder, C ('.; .lames 
 
 Symons, V.C.; C. VV. Hamilton, Prelate ; .lamos Webl.. K.U.S.; M. 
 
 D. Campbell, M.F.; D. E. Andrews, M.K.; Johnston Carson, .M. of A ; 
 
 Robert Hughes, J.(!.; Alfred .Saunders, A (i.; .VI. C. Campbell, D.D. 
 
 O.C. 
 
 Meets every Tuesday night at 8 o'clock in lodge room, Arthur St 
 OiiANOE UiDiiK- Founded in 1867. First Master, VV. H. Davis. 
 
 Present officers : A. Allen, master ; John P. Hale, secretary ; W. H. 
 
 Davis, treasurer. There are .57 members. Meet first Monday in each 
 
 month in their hall, Park Street. 
 
 POLITICAL ASSOCIATIONS. 
 
 LlmiRAL-CoNSKRVATIVg ASSOCIATION OF Wkst Alooma— Geo. H. 
 Macdonell, president ; F. H. Kecfer, Ist vico-prosident ; A. S((uier, 
 2n<l vice-president ; W. VV. Russell, secretary ; A. More, treasurer. 
 
 Port Arthur Lihkual Association -Geo. A. Graham, president '• 
 J. A. Mcintosh, Ist vice-president ; L L. Matthews, 2nd vice-president ; 
 Geo. Hodder, secretary-trc:»8urer. 
 
 military bodies. 
 
 Alcoma Rifle 96tii Battalion. — Total Strength 300 ; Organized 
 1886; Six Companies ; Head(|uarters Port Arthur. Staff— S. VV. Ray, 
 Li«'''- -(;ol. Commandiiii; ; T. H. I'Jliott, Major ; Lieut. G. A. Kobold, 
 Adjutant ; G. S. Beck, M.D., Surgeon. Officers Port Arthur Company; 
 M. N. Garland, Captain; J. H. Woodside, first IJeut.; (icorge 
 Hodder, second Lieut. 
 
 Drill nights Tuesday, Thursday, weekly. 
 
 RiKLK Association — Organized 1887; Affiliated with Dominion 
 Rifle Association Win. Murdoch, President; M. N. (larland, 1st 
 Vice Pics.; (ieo. Hodder, 2ud Vice Pres. ; G. T. Ware, Secretary. 
 
 About I'lO members ; has had two very successful matches, und has 
 an excellent range of 1000 yards. 
 
 Intepnal Revenue. 
 
 'I his office was opened in 1874. The present collector being Mr. 
 (icorge A. Ironside. The collections for 1884 were, $18,225.18; for 
 1885 were, $20,500.08; for 1886 were, $21,784.88; for 1887 were, $15,- 
 8.35.09, and for 1888 were, $1.5,176.88. 
 
 Soupce of t\ie St. Lawpence. 
 
 This is in Coldwater Lake, the 
 aoout one mile lonj!, flowing thence 
 the willows almost touch, into Dog 
 on into the Kaministiquia and to 
 Coldwater Lake is about (iO miles 
 and can be reached without much 
 peiature 40", clean, and is 722 feet 
 from watershed. 
 
 last of three small ponds, altogether 
 through a small stream across which 
 River and thence into Dog Lake and 
 Thuniler Bay and Lake Superior, 
 ill a direct line from Port Arthur, 
 trouble. It is 3 feet deep, tein- 
 abo"e Lake Superior, and 3 miles 
 
 beasen of cNauigatien. 
 
 Lake Superior and Thunder Bay opened in 1873, April 28; 1874, 
 April 18; 1875, May 12; 1876, May 6; 1877, April 17; 1878, March 18; 
 1879, April 24; 1880, April 5; 1881, May 3; 1882, March 20; 188.3, 
 April 25; 1884, April 24; 1885, May 2; 1886, April 30; 1887, May 11; 
 1888, May 21; 1889^ April 19. 
 
 In all the years named it has closed in December, namely: In 
 1873, Dec. 3; 1874, 28thj 1875, 4th; 1876,14th; 1877. Uth; 1878,31st; 
 1879,20th; 1880,3rd- 1881,31st; 1882,7th; 1883,30th; 18.84, 16lh; 
 1885, 20th; 1886, 16th; 1887, 16th; 1888,27th. 
 
 Ttie Timbep WealtJj. 
 
 It is said there are eight hundred million feet of pine in the Thun- 
 der Bay district, and chiefly tributary to Port Arthur. This lies in 
 the area from Lake Superior to Savanne, and south to the International 
 boundary. In the stretch of ten square miles west from Frog Lake it 
 
POR.T JlRTJiUR. ILLUSTR.J1TED. 
 
 ii eatimatod there arc thirty million fiwt. There nre viint iiiiiintities of 
 poplitr also, soino of larye size, ami a tonsideralilo amount of taniaruc 
 ami (;etlnr, with some birch, spruce, u»h and other woods 
 
 The late surveyor-neneral, Lindsay Kinaell, and Mr. .lanics (/'(ni- 
 mco, M . PR for Algoma, and Mr. S .1. Dawson, M . I'., estimate that 
 from Lake Su()erior to the Lake of the Woods there are twenty live 
 thousand million feet of timber, board nuasure. 
 
 Doekg and Frontage. 
 
 There are nine docks at present, with a total ilockafjo acconimoda 
 tion of fourteen thousind two hniiiired feet, and the water frontage of 
 the town h six miles. The docks are : 
 
 Keet. 
 
 Thos. Marks & Co. No. ,') 1 ,000 
 
 C. V. R. Co. No. 1 1,000 
 
 2 1,000 
 
 Ijike Superior iJock Co 1 ,000 
 
 Thunder Bay Dock Co. No. 5 1,000 
 
 'Thos. Marks & Co. No, ."1 6(X) 
 
 Smith & Mitchell (iOO 
 
 (i. (). Clavet (iOO 
 
 W. H. Davis ;tOO 
 
 TJiunder" Baj' and Yael^ting. 
 
 This niagnihcent boily of water is ',i2 by 10 ndles. The entrance is 
 between Tliun<lcr Cape, I, H.iO feet high, and I'ie Island, .S.")0 feet, and 
 five miles south. The depth of water here is ISO feet ami from 60 to 
 120 feet in the bay. 
 
 An experienced sailor says tliis is one of the linest buys imiiginable 
 for yachting — having deep water, plenty room, no nho.ds, and nearly 
 Always enougli wind from some quarter. A course of one hundred miles 
 can be laid inside this inagnilioent bay, only going once around. 
 The yacht club hive ([uarters nn the bay and six sailing yachts anil one 
 steam launch are owned by the townsmen. A boat livery is also niain- 
 tained on the lake shore where 20 boats ami 12 canoes are kept for hire, 
 and contains besides, 12 boats of private owners. Altogether .some 
 ?0,000 are invested in sail and row boats. An annual regatta has been 
 held on July lirst, Dominion Day, for some 1,'{ years p;iit, and in the 
 open for all race about 10 or 12 sail boats start on the mile course. 
 The sail yachts are Lurlinc. Albatross, cutters, deep draft, (i tons each ; 
 Sylvia, do do, .'t tons; White Wings, schooner, 10 tons; Oeneata, 
 sloop, ti tons, anil .Mountain ISoy, schooner, 7 tons. 
 
 Tl^undep Ba^ District. 
 
 The Judicial District comprises that part of Algoma bomnled by a 
 line drawn duo north from Cros Cap, on Lake .Superior, to its inter- 
 section with the Albany river, westward to a line drawn (luc north from 
 the easterly end of Hunter's Island to its intersection with Lac .SenI, 
 Its northern and southern boundaries are identical with the district of 
 Algoma It is about oOO by 4iJ0 miles square. 
 
 This comprises 4U,l;i2 square miles or 27,<10."),H02 acres, aiul con- 
 tains a population of 20,000. It is long past two centuries since the 
 first trading was done here on the shores of Thunder Hay, and from 
 here started Verandrye, Thompson, Harmon, Simpson, Milton, 
 Chcadle, Duluth, Hennepin, Wolseley, Dawson and others on their 
 explorations of the interior. Here in l(i"iti M. dc (irossier and Kad- 
 dison explored ,ind went to Rainy Kiver, and in 1I)7.S Daniel (iresalon 
 began the fur trading which resulted in the opening of the .Northwest 
 Kur Company in ISOS. Krom here departed the Ited Ki\cr exploring 
 expedition sent by the Canadian (iovernment under Chadmaii, Hynd 
 and Dawson in isr)7, which ended in the abolition of the Hudson's J!ay 
 Company's claim to the great prairies of Manitoba and the 'Territories 
 The whole northern shore was surveyed by David Thompson in 17i)>S, 
 while in the Hudson's Bay Go's employ, and resurveyed in August, 
 1812. From ISO.") to 185" the business was confined to fur trading with 
 the Indians, and it slill remains a profitable one in some sections. 
 
 Pert J\?t\iu?% Lake Commepee. 
 
 Previous to 1S29 the American, Northwest and Hud.son's Hay 
 companies had in their employ, plying on Lake Superior.and visiting 
 Thunder Hay regularly, these vessels : The Invincible, Otter, Mink, 
 Recovery and Discovery ; running force, 20 to 100 tons, each. Lieut. 
 Bayfield, (afterwards Admiral) employed the schooner Mink in the Hy- 
 ilrographic survey of Lake .Supftrior. 
 
 The steamer Independeniic was on Ijike Superior in Soptemlwr, 
 lS-4i), but the first steam vessel known to enter Thunder l!iy was the 
 Julia I'almcr, a side wheeler of '.'SI) tons, which was sent from Detroit 
 to St. Ignaco Island, in Neplgon Hay, with men and suppliei for the 
 Montreal Mining Company. She coasted on westward and came into 
 ■J'hunder Bay in September, ISKi. She was bi\ilt at Hiillalo as a fidl 
 rigged ship, and afterwanls converted into a side-wheel steiiniir, and 
 hauled over the rapids at SaidtSte. Marie in lS4(i. She was fullowed 
 in ISt"i7 by the Itescui , which plied between CoUingwood and Thunder 
 Bay until the Autunmof ls.')S, the I'loughboy running in opjiiwition, on 
 the same route, at the same time. In is(i2 the Rescue iin.iin appeared 
 on this route, carrying for the Northwest Transit (,'o the mails foi' Fori 
 Carry (now Winnipeg], and she again had the I'loughbny in opposition, 
 though at irregular intervals. In lsti,">, the Algoma, a side wheel, of 
 410 tons, began on this route and continued until IS71. 
 
 In ISti!) the Chicora came on also and ran until theautumn of IS75. 
 She was built by Laird, at Birkenhead, on the Mersey, KuglamI, in 
 ISOl, named. Letter I!., and bouglit by the Chicura Company, of 
 ('harlestiiU, S. C. , who named her the Chicora, and used her as a 
 blockade ruimer during the .\meiican war, being ciinnnanded, during 
 the bloekaile, by Capt t.'o\etter. now of Savanne, Ont. She now 
 runs from Toronto to .Niagara. In 1S70 the Cumberlaml was added 
 to the route and ran until ls77, when she svas wrecked, and became a 
 total los^, on the Rock of Ages, a sunken reef olT the west end of Isle 
 Royale. In lS(iO-70, the t'anadian and British (iovernmenis employed 
 the following vessels in carrying troops and supplies from Collingwond 
 to Thunder Hay, for the suppression of the Red River trouble . 
 
 NAMK. 
 
 Steamer CleinalU 
 
 .VATII).\A1.ITV. 
 
 American 
 do 
 
 TONNAIIK 
 
 270 
 
 (ilS 
 
 ilo Union 
 
 <lo 
 
 <(;t."i 
 
 ilo Hrooklyn 
 
 do ,\l»'(nnti 
 
 do 
 Canadian 
 do 
 
 r.m 
 
 (Id 
 
 do WaiilnMio 
 
 ISO 
 
 do Shickliinti. . . 
 
 ilo 
 
 4.')0 
 
 
 do 
 
 5.'i0 
 
 Tug Pioneer 
 
 do M.J Mills 
 
 do Okorona 
 
 ( iiiulpiiat He-iiue 
 
 do I'lince Albert. . . . 
 
 Schooner .Snow Bird 
 
 lb) Nemesis 
 
 do 
 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 do 
 
 (!■> 
 
 .•17 
 
 27.1 
 
 . 4.->6 
 
 110 
 
 .. . 101 
 
 do Pandora 
 
 do Orion 
 
 . (h, 
 do 
 
 ;<20 
 
 210 
 
 The first arrivals with troops were the .\lgom i and Hrooklyn, on 
 the mnndng of May 27th, 1S70, from which were lauded the head- 
 quarters" stall* and four r.')ni[)anies oi the Otlth Killcs. 
 
 The siilewheel steanirr Manitoba begin plying on the Sariiia and 
 Thunder Hay route in IS7I, in the Heatty Line, and ran regularly eicli 
 season mitil ISSH, when she was driveji ashore at Southain|)tiin, Like 
 Huron, and wrecked. She w,as rescued by the insurance companies, 
 rebuilt at Detriii!. in 1SS7, s'n]<\ to the (,'. P. Coinpanv, renamed the 
 Carmiuia, and now plies between Owen Sminil and Sault Ste. Marie. 
 The Acadia, a propeUor of t.'iO tons, ran in I'onnection with the Mani- 
 tid)a in the same line from 1S7I to IS7it. 
 
 In IS74 the On* .lo and the l,>uebec, two propellers of 700 tons 
 each, were Imilt at .Sarnia and entere I the Beatty Line the same year, 
 the Ontario being still on the Sarnia and Port, Arthur route. The Que 
 bee sank in the Sault Ste. .Marie river in ISS'i in I'JIi feet of wat-.r. .She 
 was raised in ISSO, rebuilt at Hull'alo, remiiued !•", I'), Spinner, with 
 .■\incrican register, and now trades as a traiii]i steam liarge. The raising 
 of this sunken vessel was the greatest wrecking feat ever done on the 
 great lakes. 
 
 The Asia, a propeller of 4,")() tons, began running in the spring of 
 IS".'), as the pioneer boat of the Windsor ami Lake Superior Line, and 
 was followed the same season by the Sovereign, also a propellor of 4,')0 
 tons, in the .same line, and lioth continued until the fall of IS7(). In 
 ISS7 this line amalgamated with the Heatty line and fonned the North- 
 west Transportation Company. The .Vsia was ebarlere I by the great 
 Nortliern Transportation Co,, of CoUingwood, in ISS-', and in Septem- 
 ber, ISS'i, was wrecked on (ieorgian Hay, with a loss of 102 lives, there 
 being only two survivors. 
 
 The Campana, a twin .screw steamship of l,,'"]00 tons, built on the 
 Clyde for the South American trade, was bought in London, Kngland, 
 in I SSI, 'by the Canada Transit Co. , to replace the City of Winnipeg. 
 She was cut in two at Montreal, towed through the St. L'lwrenco, 
 canals, joincil together at Port Dalhousie and placed between CoUing- 
 wood and Port Arthur from 1S82 until 1SS7. She is now running on 
 the N. W, Trans. Co. line, from Sarnia, Port Arthur and Duluth, 
 
/i'C'i'C'i' ;A|^^•[i 
 
 i.I;Ll^M'KA'i'l:ilJ. 
 
 yi;ar, 
 
 Sho 
 with 
 
 ing of 
 ', anil 
 f 4,-il) 
 i. Ill 
 S'ortli- 
 
 griMt 
 iptoiii- 
 
 llierc 
 
 t F. S. Wiley. 
 •i. J r. Mackay 
 H ('. A. CordinRly 
 
 4 H A. WiUy. 
 
 5 r,co. Hodilcr 
 «. W. J.CInrkc 
 
 SOME OF THE BUSIifESS MEN OF PORT ARTHUR. 
 
 10. \Vm. Hi-liiip. 
 
 \V, G. Sinilh. 
 F,.l M:irkav. 
 l.ihii Merrill. 
 
 11. I.J. O'Connor, 
 
 la.Tt 
 
 'hos, M.irks. 
 39 K. 
 
 I l;). f I.. Mailhcws. 
 
 H \ S<imer. 
 I IS. r. A. WtxKlsiilc. 
 
 Milchell. 
 
 r. 1). I„il..ii.ie 
 C.c... I , M;irkv 
 R. Vii{.,rs. 
 
 i!>. (;e" n. M.i.iioiiiici: 
 
 20. A. V. Mills. 
 
 31. (ico. A. Or-ihanie. 
 
SOME OF THE FROFESSI0MAI< KEN OF FORT ARTHUR. 
 
 r 
 
 1. J M, McGoveni. 
 
 Kmigrnlion Agent, 
 a. J. C H.i5kiiiK, 
 
 Coiliisellor of Shu-ii.Th. 
 »,J. M Miuir.i. 
 
 .Mi-tcr of I'lilcs. 
 
 4 W. P Coi.ke, 
 
 Wcallier Observer. 
 B. J. P. Donnelly, 
 
 Indian Atzent. 
 6. W H. Law. 1) A 
 Prii.cipil Hith S.ilmol. 
 
 7 W. H Hcs-.in. 
 
 License InsneLloi, 
 H .\l Sellar. 
 
 Siip't fjrmn Elevator 
 
 9 ) J (iotlfiev. B.irrisier. 
 
 10 J. .Meek. AdtjSherifr 
 
 I ..\. K-efer. HilrrUter 16 F K. liilli- 
 
 11 . 
 
 12 W. C Dohie 
 
 Fl^hinc In^petlor. 
 
 13 Wni McPharli.nd, 
 
 I riiin-elliTof Shnmah 
 
 14 J»» Conmee. M. P.P. 
 
 (iiatii Iiisnt-llnr 
 1« W L Hell, 
 
 .Mtiincipality- 
 Rceve of Sliniiinh. 
 17. Judge Hainiltoi , 
 
 IS (1. 1 Ware. Ilarrwer. 
 19. Kev. V" T. Tapscott, 
 
 Hapljst. 
 W fled Jones. 
 21. I Penfold. Jailer, 
 aa Dr. G. S. heck. 
 
 as. Rev. J. A McCliing. 
 
 Methodist, 
 34. Kev. J Pringle, 
 
 Preshyterian. 
 2«. Dr. T S Sineliie. 
 ae. Rev. C.J. Machin. 
 
PORT JIRTJfUR ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 if 
 
 The Unlteil Rmplre, a propeller of l.iUX) toim, luinu'lieil at Sariiiu, in 
 I8H2, joineil the N. W, T. Cu. line in \HH',\, ami cdntiniien in it. 
 
 In IHM.'I Marldi North Slioro Lino waa foiiiuleil, witli tlie proptillora 
 K. M. I<'oator, and City of Montreal, ami the Htviini liar^o Kinuanline, 
 whluh ina<iu regular liiwcekly tri|M to all norlli alioru pointn during 
 1N8.'<'H4. The Kincardine was wrecitud at Jaeklinh iUy in IMS:i, ruSLiieU 
 and rebuilt. Tlic K. M. Kostor ran until the fall of l!4S'>, when ahe waa 
 taken to Lake Tluron and foundered olf I'ort Hope, Michigan, in the 
 tall of KSSS. The (^'ity of Montreal was rebuilt at Oiven Sound, con- 
 verted into a steam barge ami sold to A. Campbell, of Cnlborne, Unt,, 
 rnd uaed by him in carrying aandatoio from Ncpigon to Chicago, She 
 foundered off Michipicofon Island, Lake .Superior, in the fall of 1888. 
 
 In 1883, (iraham's North Shore I,ino was founded, composed of the 
 propollera, Argyle, Ocean, and Prussia, each of 450 tons, and thu ntcain 
 hargoa City of Mt. Clemcua, 1,"»0 tona, and (loorgian, H.'iO tons. They 
 made bi-weekly trips between I'ort Arthur and all i)(irth shore pointn 
 during IHS-t-H.'). Alter that the Argyle wan sold to KingHtnii. rul)uilt, 
 converted into a steam barge and named the lilcugarry. The Ocean was 
 taken to St. Catharinea and now plies between tiiere and Montreal. 
 The Prussia was burned otf the Apostle Islands, Lake Superior, in I SHU. 
 The City of Mt. Clemens was ta' en to I'ort Huron and the (teorgian to 
 Toronto, and afterwards to (ieor^ian Hay and foundered there in the 
 apringof 1888. 
 
 Ihc ,Iaci|ues Line began in I88'2 and cnntainod the propoUers 
 Aoadia, fioO tons; (ilentinlaa, 900 tons; St. Magnus, 800 tons; Scotia 
 and Canada, 4.10 tons each. They plied between Montreal and I'ort 
 Arthur. In 1883 the (tlentinlas waa burned at No. '2 Lock, in thu old 
 Welland canal, ut .St. Catharines. This vessel was built in 18.16, and 
 named the City of Hrantford, was afterwards bought by the Welland 
 Ry. (!o., renamed the (,'alabria and ran on Livke Ontario, between I'ort 
 Dalhnusio anil Kingston, being too large to pass through the old Wel- 
 land canal. 
 
 The Uuluth and North Shore Line consisted of the tugs Siskiwit, 
 75 tons; Amethyst, (jO tons; T. H. Camp, 90 terns, and the steamer 
 Agnes, 1150 tons. In 1884 they renamed the latter the Isle Rnynle, aud 
 she foundered off Isle Royale in 1880. The Amethyst went ashore in 
 December, 1880, at Urami .Marias; was rescued and rebuilt at Uuluth. 
 This line carried the overl.md mails from Duluth cacli season after the 
 lower lake boats ceased running. In 1884 the Stewart was put on this 
 line, a propeller, of lUO tons, aud plied during the seasons of 1884-S.O. 
 The Vernon, of 500 tons, followed in 188", aud ran for one season, be- 
 ing transferred to Lake Michigan, whore she foundered in 1888, with a 
 loss of 40 lives. 
 
 Hetwcen 1872 and 1876, the steamer Mary Oroli ran between Bay- 
 field, Ashlanil, Uuluth and I'ort .Arthur, ami the Lotta Renard ran on 
 Uie sumo route. The .Mary (iroh was transferred to Lake Michigan in 
 1876, and is still in commission. 
 
 lietwecn 1873 and 1870, the steamers Maytham and Ella M. Smith 
 ran at irregular intervals between Port Arthur and Houghton, Michigan, 
 calling at Menong Mine, Hock Harbor and other points on Isle Koyale. 
 The propeller Manistee, 4,'i0 tons, of the Uuluth aud .South Shore line, 
 called at Port Arthur at intervals between 1873 and 1885, 
 
 Steamers of the Lake Michigan and Luke Superior Trans, Co. , 
 called at Port Arthur regularly in the summer months aud at intervals 
 in thi: spring and fall, between 1S7."> aud 1882. They were tho propel- 
 lers Peerless, 1,000 tons; City of Uuluth, 600 tons; City of Freemont, 
 ,'500 tons, and Joseph L. Hurd, .lOO tons. 
 
 lu 1883 the Champion, a siile-whecl tug, of 200 tons, was brought 
 from the (Julf of St. Lawrence, and traded from Port Arthur to north 
 shore points in ISS3-84 for the C. P. Ry.Co. She was afterward re- 
 built at Owen .Souml, rena-ied the Cambria and now runs ou the C. P. 
 Ry. line between t)weu Sound and Sault .Stc. .Marie in connection with 
 the ('urmoua. The steam yacht Dauntless, was brought from (,(uebec 
 in 1881, ai]<l ran in connection with the Champion from Port Arthur to 
 L'. S. ports. 
 
 The Owen Sound steamship Co. begun in 18S4 with the side-wheel 
 steamers Magnet and Spartan, of 500 tons. The Sp.irtan was wrecked 
 on Cariboo Island, Lake Superior, in 1883, and the (Jo. then withdrew 
 tho Magnet. The insurance companies rescued the .Spartan, repaired 
 her at Detroit, and both boats are now plying on the St. l^awrence. 
 
 The Caiiailian Pacific .Steamship Comjiany began in 1884, also. 
 Their I'le being cornpo.ied of the steel steamers Algoma, Alberta, aud 
 Atliabaska. 'I iiese were each of 1,,')00 tons, were built iu the (Jl- de, 
 cut in two at Montreal, taken throuijli the canals, rejoini;i! and put on 
 tho route from Owcu Sound to Port Arthur in connection with the 
 Canadian Pacific Ry. Co , by whom they are owned. They formed a 
 decided advance in Lake Marine. The Algoma was wrecked Nov. 7, 
 1885, on Isle Royale, with a loss of 45 lives, but the other two are still 
 running on the route. In 1888 the company begun building, at Owen 
 Soi:nd, a steel steam ship to replace the Algoma, and similar to the 
 other boats, but larger. This boat launched in April, IS80; is the first 
 steel or iron ship built in Canada and is named the Manitoba. 
 
 In 1888 the Inman Line was established between Uuluth and Port 
 
 Arthur, with the steamers Ossifrage, of .300 Ions, making bi weekly 
 trips, u.jd the Hirum R. Dickson is iiinco added, also making Id-weekly 
 trips. 
 
 Tho Prancis Smith, a sidewheol steamer of 5.'>0 tons, ran between 
 ('oUingwood ami Lake Superior pi)rta from 1870 to 1880, when she waa 
 wrecked ou Manitnuliu Island. Iluing rebuilt at Collitigwo id, she was 
 renamed the ILillic, ami now plies between Owen Sound und Sault Sto. 
 Marie. 
 
 The C'ity of Owen Sound, a propellor of flilO tons, with the Francis 
 .Smith formed the Canada Transit Line, ami plied on the above route 
 until the autumn of I.S83, but was wrecked at Micliipicoton river, .She 
 waa rescued, rebuilt at Owen Sound anil returned to the route, remain- 
 ing there until the fall of 1.S87, when she was wrecked and a total loss, 
 on the east end of Manitoulin Island. / 
 
 In 1878 an 800 ton propellor, called tho ('ity of Winnipeg, (former- 
 ly the .Aima L. (rai^) citnu: (Ui the Canada Tran.nit Line, and lontinued 
 until 1881, when she was burned at her dock in Dulutli. 
 
 The steamship lines now on the Port Arthur route are: — 
 
 The Canadian Pacific .Steamship Com|iany, with three boats, mak- 
 ing triweekly trips to ami from Owen Sound. 
 
 I'ho Northwest Transportation Company, with three lioata, making 
 semi-weekly trips to and from Sarnia. 
 
 The ,iac(|ue8 Line, with four boats, giving weekly trip.' from Mon- 
 treal. 
 
 The Innmn Lino, with two boats, and leini-weekly connection with 
 Duluth. 
 
 A Steamer also uiiikes 4 daily trips on the I'ort Arthur and l''ort 
 William Ferry line, and frcipient connections are made with points 
 along the shore and islands of Lake Superior. 
 
 Fl,y-Fi8hing on tlie J^epigon. 
 
 UV VIMV D'aH<!KNT. 
 
 It is hard not to go into ecstacies and be carried away by one's en- 
 thusiasm when attempting to write of the glorious fishing on this 
 grandest of all earthly trout streams. Tlure may be finer oiie.s in some 
 other world — but this is anticipating. I am aware that trout of ei|ual 
 size are taken with the lly at Rangeley Lukes, for example, or at 
 Parmaclicnee, but 'he difference between fishing in these rapid waters 
 and the still fishing with tho ily in the siiiiotli waters of those lakes is 
 almost like the dilTerence between Hy-fi.'<liini{ mid bait fishing. 
 
 This stream is the outlet of Lake Nepigon, which is situated some 
 thirty or forty miles to the north of the wc.-itei n portion of L ike Supe- 
 rior. It is so ileep and wide that I am sure the first iinpressimi of the 
 angler, especially if he be fmin the Uniteil States and has been accus- 
 tomed to associate brook trout with brooks, woiilil lie one of iiiiiiniisili/. 
 
 Wading in along the shore as far at tin- depth would permit and 
 casting our Hies upon the swift current, wo wfw again and ag.iin 
 answered by the wild rn.ih of the gamiest trout I ever saw. Trout 
 weighing from two to two and a half pounds were no rarity and wo 
 frequently had ou two at a time. Tiiree of us in a few hours during 
 the middle of the afternoon caught more than ei,'lity pDUuds of fish and 
 could have taken more, as we stopped fishing before sundown, when at 
 I. ist two hours of the boat part of the diy remained 
 
 At Rock Island wo found Major Kdward Cuiininham and .Tohn K. 
 Shepley, Ksij., of St. Louis. They had found the fiahing most excellent 
 in the swift water above the Kink Island Portage, aud spent several 
 days there and had some very tine sport While we were camped at 
 island, the Major caught one trout of 4 j pounds weight, lengtli 22 inches, 
 girth I2.i inches. .Mr. Shepley's largest weigheil 3| ]>ouuds, length, 
 '20i inches, girth 12i inches. They found the silver doctor the most 
 killing lly. 
 
 At Haniiltou'.s I'ool we met a Mr. White and Mr. liristol, of .St. 
 Paul, Minn. They had found some rare sport, especially In what they 
 called the ".-Xiiuariuin," a strip of black water close under the bank 
 below the camp. At this point f tried the experiment of using .imaller 
 Hies than those deemed absolutely necessary ou this stream. I found 
 that in some of the more ijuiet stretches the trout were rising to small 
 natural Hies, but would not notice the large aud gaudy bugs of my cast. 
 I therefore put on a cast of Hies lied on No. 10 hooks, the one a "' ireat 
 Dun" and tlio other a Sione Fly, and it was not long before 1 was 
 hitched to a beauty of about a pound and a half. I caught (juit<; 
 handsome trout on this cast. Later in tlie evening, directly in frent of 
 the camp in swifter water, I landed a 3i pounder on a small Dusty 
 Miller on a No. 8 hook. He took it with a rush, hooked himself firmly, 
 and swept down stream to the tune of my whi/./.iug reel till he had run 
 out, I should say, sixty feet of line ; then there was a splash about two 
 feet from him, and 1 realized that the white miller which I had on as a 
 stretcher, had been seized by another fellow that I think was his eijual 
 in size. Well, we had a circus, as may be imagined. 
 
 11 
 i; I 
 
 |i 
 
 J! 
 
 
PORT J1R.T.HIDR. ILLUSTOTED. 
 
 On tlic «iiy lip to \'iiniii Kull" I I'ink tlin targeiit trout of our trip, 
 and Hii far uh I liiii iii!il, tlii^ laruiwi taken kii thr itinini ilnring the protoiit 
 iieaHDn. I' wun (linn: I linl l.ii<l my rod ilown in the canoe with tho 
 tlleM tniiliii){ in the uiitur porhiipn ten feet ustern, and waa tyln){ n Hiring 
 on the Hlriiii of my eruel. .lunt an the e.inoe waa paxHinu over a ratlier 
 •hallow part of tliu Htill water where a ahoal of rookn made nut into the 
 ■triam, tiKMi! WciH a hreak for one of my llioa hy a trout I pieUeil up 
 the roil jiHt at he cauie aijain, and liookud him tirndy on my Htruteher 
 lly, a \|£ii*fh Urow n of the ordinary i>iiMM wi/e. 
 
 It w.tH (lone, you Kee, in a \'orv unsportsmanlike way. If a photo- 
 graplu'r had heen ttieru he wotdd prolialdy havu Keen one HportHrnan 
 ktanilin^ up in a liirehdiark canoe with a Hplit bainlioo rod in Iuh hand 
 well enrvi.il, and . iMiUy watihing a spoi on the water, and feeling the 
 weight on the line, and endeavoiing to keep the strain on that rod at 
 about H\K'li a di'gref^ of pressure, and wiudil have iihared the feeling of 
 oxnlt.ition and thrill of exeiteineiil which waH iiarticipateil in hy the 
 whole pirty wlii'ii the immense (lorsal tin showed itliove the water ami 
 tliu dislame lu'tween heail and tail at last resolved itself into a la/y 
 wiggle, and the monster lieanty slid gracefully into the landing net and 
 was hoisted safe on board, "'rweiily thre(^ inches long," was the ver- 
 dict of tlie tape, "and \2^ inces in girth .Scant live pounds," was 
 the tecoril of a riither stitTpair of scales, 
 
 I'ndouhtedly the huge Hies tied oil l/irgc hooks are better for the 
 very swiftest, iiinghest water, botli on account of their making more 
 »how, and especially because they hang on tho jaws of a romping big 
 tish better when he atarls, and as he is almost certain to do, straight 
 for L ikc ^uperiin'. Tlien yon want a hook that will ludil a canoe. 1 
 had good success with several varieties 
 
 I used successfully the .Marcli llrown, on which I took my big fellow, 
 the .Moose fly lb!. ok body and black ami wliite wings), a black lly, brown 
 hai'klc, the Coachman, both royal and plain, the green I Irake, ilost a 
 w'(dlo|)eronthis by the Icailer parting in swift water), the Silver Lawyer, 
 I'armachenee lielle, a brown lly with silver body, and also, as in ilnty 
 bonnil, I had great sport on several dark days and in the eveidng with 
 the ".•^ilveriiiiil" lly, niaile with silvcj- body, gray hackle, ajul striped 
 feather li-om neck ol jungle cock for wings, feather put on whole. The 
 common aj-sortnient of Hies on large hooks will answer when the trout 
 are on the feed. When not, I fouud that smaller Hies would coax up 
 the snuiller trout, say those running from one to two pounds. 
 
 Ltmhr" need to be made of tlie best gut and to be well tieil. 1 
 founil it of advantage to pull them in two when thegut got a little frayed, 
 and tie them over. 'I'lie leailcr should not be more than seven or eight 
 feet on this .ilieam, especially wlien lisliing fioni a boat. 
 
 'I'hc i\"l .sliovdd be a ]diant yet rather still i>ne, capable of enduring 
 hard work, and he, ivy enough to set the barb to cover in the hard jaws 
 of the lish in tli! deep water. A h avier rod is needed to properly hook 
 a trout on the Xepigon than is necdeil to play him. 1 fmind my seven 
 and a half ounce split bamboo a more satisfactory rod to use than tho 
 lighter tines I have been accustomed to use on smaller streams. 
 
 'I'hi^ rid should be a gooil, solid one, ca|)able of holding at least 
 thirty or forty yards of good, strong, waterproof lino. Uon't forget to 
 take a landing net. 'I'iie handle should be long, as doubles are not un- 
 common, and the tail tish, which of course should always be netted Hrat, 
 is often (piite vigorous when the other is quite spent. And don't forgot 
 the /"/• nil, carbolic acid anil glycerine, penny royal, "shoo lly," or 
 whatever favorite "bug ilisgustir" you prefer the smell of. The trout 
 bite freely on this stream. 
 
 The canoe goes with the guide, though it has to be paid for sop- 
 orately. 
 
 Nlr. Flanagan, the Hudson's Hay factor at Nepigon, who will 
 also very kinilly and courteously make you out a permit for fishing on 
 upplication anil thi' pai/mt.itl of Jin iln/liir^. The lishing is worth the 
 fiver. Pay the money and don't grumble. If you are any sort of an 
 angler- except the worst I moan the tish hog you will get your 
 money's wortli. It is almost imperative that you make your arrange 
 nient for g\iiiles before reaching Xepigon, as they an' hard to get at. 
 The price formerly was Sl..')() per day, till si>me of our American sports- 
 men spoiled the programme by paying more, just to show their good 
 will. Now, all, good bail and imlilferent, charge >}'l. 
 
 As I look back over the ten days spent on this grand stream it 
 seems almost like a dream. It is so dilVercnt from anything in the 
 United .States. A million men could be comfortably camped along the 
 Nepigon and not crowd one another. 
 
 occupy his land and begin iinprovemnntH within one month. At the 
 end of live yiars ho ri'ceives a title, after nutking proof of completion of 
 rei|uired settlement dutiei. Those duties are to clear ami cultivate 15 
 acres of which at least two are to be cleared and cultivated yearly for 
 the five years. To have built a habitable house lllx'.lt feet and to have 
 lived upon ami cultivated the land for five years after location. The 
 settler may absent himself from the land for siv nmuthii in any mm 
 year during the term. .After a patent issues the owner nniy sell the 
 land ami take anotlur fne grant, Krce grants are exempt from debt 
 liability, whih^ owned by the legatee or his heirs, for 'JO years. The 
 townships open for settlement in Thunder liav district aie ; iilake, 
 Croiiks, (lillics, Lybster, O'Connor, Oliver, I'aipoonge and llawacni 
 Itoiid, .1, Iv KirriN, Agent, I'ort Artiiur. 
 
 Tl^e Pisliing Industry. 
 
 Free fipant Lands. 
 
 A single man over IH years old or a married man without chiblren 
 under 18 residing with him is entitled to a grant of 100 acres. The 
 male head of a family or sole female head having a child or children 
 under 1 .S residing with him or her may have a free grant of 200 acres 
 and may buy 100 acres more at .50 cents per acre cash. As soon as 
 located by the local agent the applicant is required to enter aiul 
 
 The district under loial inspection e.xteiuls from Thunder Hay to 
 the Pigeon River on the sontli and .lacktish Hay on tho north, and 
 includes Silver Harbor, HIack I'.ay, Amethyst Harbor, Welcome Islamls, 
 Thunder IS.iy points, and Point Porpl.ry, Uoche de Hout, St. l),'naco, 
 Nepigon, Uussporl and .lackfish Hay, or some 'Jill) miles. The lishing 
 gro\iuds are divided into live mile limits, and as many licenses granteil 
 for eac h as the inspector thinks suthcient, Tlu' " close " or non lishing 
 =ieason is during November, .\bout t-t sail boats of 'J tons and t steam 
 tugs are employed, and so far no illegal methods have been jiractisod 
 for cati'hing, nor is there any poai'hing by Cnited States tishernn'u. 
 
 The tish are caught by gill and jiound nets, the latter (miy being 
 allowed at certain points, 'T'lie fishers remain out about li or 7 hours 
 ilaily, returning to shore as .soon as loaded up. Too chief varieties aro 
 trout or lake salmon, whilclish, sturgeon and pickerel, and the catch is 
 marketeil in the United .states and Kastern C'auadian cities, beside tho 
 local consumption, which is ;i,OnO pounila weekly, and '2,(HK) go west, 
 Tho fish after unloading are dressed, p.icked in ico in snuaro wooden 
 boxe.s and shipped, Souu'are salted in 100 pound barrels, one bairel 
 of t'auadi ui salt being used to each S kegs of lish. No smoking is done 
 exoi'pt for private orilers, ami fish oil is not extracted, neither is the 
 sturgeim roe ((.'aviaro) saved, only one man iloiTig anything with it, nor 
 are the sounds saved. The lignr'es for tlie si'ason of bSSH show that the 
 value of the sail boats employed was .*:t,8'J.'J, ami of the nets $10,100. 
 {>f whiteliih ,')llll,0ll|l pounds were cauglit, with ;i(10,000 pounds of trout, 
 4S,0IH) pounds of Sturgeon, 91,000 ])ounds of pickerel and ."tO.OOO pounds 
 other lish, or a total weight of over oiu^ million pounds, w liich .sold for 
 over thirty-thice thousand didlars. The cost of a lishing licen.so is 
 fr(Mu $10 to .i*l."> dollars, according to locality, and for using a pound 
 net is S.IO. 
 
 About 100 men are engaged in the business, the principal and 
 practically the only firm in the trade being tho Port Arthur Kisli (Jo,, 
 established in ISS.5, and controls the entire catch frmn the limits in the 
 Thunder 'Hay inspector's district. This company has large and well 
 appointed buildings at Port Arthur and at Rossport, ami consume '2,000 
 tons of ice yearly in packing at those and other points. This company 
 supply to the A. Hooth Packing Co. of Chicago, and it is not improbable 
 that the latter company will absorb the Port Arthur company, success- 
 ful though it lias been. They have long invied tho splendid salmon, 
 whitelish and others supplied them from here, and having gobbled up 
 all the lesser companies in Canada ami the United States, will likely 
 follow suit with this one, 
 
 'I'he Lake Whitefish (Coin/oMiii cliipei/ormiH)— It is very abundant, 
 and its ficsh leads all other fresh woter fishes in quality, being white, 
 tender, juicy, and does not tire the appetite. They average six pounds 
 and run up to over 20 pounds. They feed upon small crustaceans, and 
 sometimes take a bait or lly. They spawn from the midille of October 
 to end of November, and in one year the young fish reach a length of 
 five inches. They are very prolific, but have a number of enemies 
 beside man. It is the most important fish of the lake, and eagerly 
 bought in all available markets. Tho price for fish from Lake Superior 
 is higher than others. 
 
 Lake Trout or .Salmon Trout [Siili-iruiiis nniiKiyi-iiah) -It is more 
 nearly related to the char than the salmon, and is peculiar to the inlanil 
 seas of North America. It is sometimes I'JO pounds weight, though the 
 average is about o to 10 pounds, and is almost always found in the 
 same Takes with whitelish, upon which they feed greedily, though they 
 eat anything and everything possible. They usually live in deep water, 
 and their chief spawning grounds aro along the north shore of Lake 
 Superior, and are only second in importance of catch to tho whitefish. 
 From l.'i to 30 pounds and over is quite a common weight, and they ar« 
 plentiful at all times ami places in the Thunder Hay district. U is in 
 groat demand in the markets, and is a firm, well flavoured fish, ami 
 affords grand trolling sport. 
 
 The Siskiwit or Siscowet— Said to exist (mly in Lake Superior, and 
 Herbert calls it tho very best salt fish in the world. It averages 4 
 pounds and rises to thirty. The name is an Indian one, meaning " cooks 
 itself," the fish being so fat. They are foirly plentiful. 
 
'!'^' |M- ,\|A'I |1 II 
 
I^C'f^'l- A |a' -r- 1-11.1 1'i ll;I(URT-|'.'A'l*K«l). 
 
 
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 SC 
 
 PORT JlKTilUR ILLUSTRJITED. 
 
 JIgpicultupal Rogources. 
 
 On« of tlio iiiom iiii|Nirtiiiit intormta wliioli liua to ilii with I'ort 
 Artliiir'n fiilnrci in tliut of at(riciiltiiru, 'I'liu UihIh in tliii iiiiiiii'iliutii 
 vliiiiiity aru oukiilutuil fur lliu ■uianafiil ^(riiwin^ of ciTrnlii nml 
 vegottkhltw, lyliiK uloau to u iiiiili niitrkiil iiml nUHinptlljIii (if u )(i'uut 
 ilivuriity of crojin, uro waiting only lo In' miliiliit'cl itml riiUivittcil u> 
 iimka tliu uuriiMiltiirInt liainUoinii lotiiiiiH. All itlmiit tlin town, 
 lieyoiiil lliii TiilU ttiiil ati'vtcliiii)! uwivy ulontf tliu Ini^tli (jf tliu livrr 
 valli'ya uri' Urg« ariMw of furtili- noil, witll watciuil aihl ilmincil, wliiuh 
 to ilay uaii Iw l>oiiKlit nt a low tiKiiiu. 'I'lii'tu lumla uiu iluatinccl to liu 
 the triiuk giirilitii foi a grout uity, fur ulriwly tliu town dciiiuiiiU iiioru 
 freali viigi talilim, poultry, dairy prodiiita, nioata, uti'., than can at 
 prvaviit III' olituinuil, allhoiigli ahu ilrawa hi'avily on thv ri'aoiiroi'a of thu 
 vaat anil wvat, ami thia ilnnianil la inorcaaing with each p.iaaing 
 year. Only a imrt of the dcinanil I* mot liy tin' luoal aiipply of milk, 
 liiittcr, I'gi^a AMil potdtry, wliilii In aililllion to tliii town duniand tlicru la 
 a large and cvur incruaaing call for Hupplica from thii ndniiig rcgluna to 
 the aoutli. 'I'hia la un uxicptionally good placu for poultry raining, 
 lMu!anau of llm unlimited aupply of the licat food which can lie had 
 ainioat fur thu aakiug. Thr oiillionH of IiukIiuIs of wheat which (laaa 
 through thu uluvatura every year contain noniu ahrunken ami luokun 
 kernula which aro not lit for ahipment an<l hoiuu cockle and other aeeda. 
 Thcau are taken out hy the cicanera hefure the grain ia ahipped, ami at 
 
 fireaent are liurnud, hutc<iuld ho put tii a much bettor uae aa poultry 
 ced. Thu luxuriant growth of graaaoa and rout crops, the aludtered 
 valleya, ahady grovea, and thu numerom* lakea and atreama of aparkling 
 water, innko the vicinity of I'ort Arthui an ideal location fur ilairy 
 farndng. Thu VHtahliahment of Hour mllla and linaeed <iil niilla which 
 ia certain for thu nuar future, will maku an ahundant aupply of bran 
 and linaeed meal. There will thua he left nothing to bu deuirud in the 
 matter of a aupply of fund fur live ^loi'k. It ia nut neceaaary fur any- 
 one to make expurlmenta in any of thunu linen. 
 
 All kinda of vegetablea grow freely even the choieeat audi aa celery 
 and canlillower. There aru a fuw fairly large market gardens near. thu 
 town and from onu of them in IHS7 aomu l8ll,(S(H) of proiTucta were aolil. 
 
 I''arms aru to be had at reiiaonable prices within eaay roach; for 
 instance, in one isane of the I'ort Arthur Ih mlit were notices of four 
 for sale, one within three milea having .'>() acrca cleared, and another 
 with lUi') acres cleared, and a hoiiae, atal)lea and barn on it. 
 
 The VN'esi Algoma .Agricultural .Society holds an annual exhibition 
 at I'ort Arthur ami the Mmiiloliii CiiliiiiiMl thus refers to that of IS.SS ; 
 
 "At I'ort Arthur, in Oitober, Western Algoma held her annual agri- 
 cidtural show, and it would be a aurpriae to moat. In addition to tho 
 grains in straw 'and bulk, there was a capital display of vegetables, 
 many of them of the choicest ipiality the cuulillower and celery es- 
 pecially. I'otatoea, carrots, cabbage, iieets, turnipa, uucundier.s, apples, 
 tomatoes, peas, beans, tobacco, kohl labi and all {\\a usual other 
 varieties, dean, large and aunnd. The butter wa4 also good, and the 
 home-made bread, and there were enough Mowers and (ilanla to show 
 that the country is favorable to floral ( owth ; while the display of 
 ladies' work, painting, etc., proved that tho liner jiarl of our nature is 
 well attinded to One of tlie exhibits was a group of vegetablca from 
 Ignace near the Height of Land or Watershed between Lake .Superior 
 and HuiLson's May, 100 miles west of I'ort Arthur on the uuiin line of 
 the ('anadian I'acitic Railway. They were grown by K. Ilusker, and 
 included celery, broad beans, turnips, cucumbers and several varieties 
 of good potatoes." 
 
 This .Society is an active one and this year it furnished free lla.x 
 seed for trial by the farmers, arranged fur a supply uf feitilizers aa 
 might be necessary, anil fur seed grain and voted $.'iO toward buying a 
 Shorthorn bull, beside oll'ering prizes for the largest yields of potatoes, 
 $U0, $'i.'> anil .l^l.'i to lirst, second and thin). At the annual fair this 
 year l|i.")0<) will be given in prizes, and the Society ia financially strong. 
 When the iScottish crofter immigration movement began the llirahl 
 aummcd up I'mt Arthur district inducements for these deairahle settlers : 
 
 " The climate here is somewhat similar to that which they have 
 been accustomed to ; if they desire to leave the homestead ami fandly 
 to procure outsidu work temporarily, there is a large fishing industry 
 right at their doors during tiie sununer and mining and lumbering 
 during the winter : a homestead of lUO acres, with a suudi log house 
 and from two to fifteen acres in shape for onltivation, can be had for 
 thorn at a cost of frou' .'SloO to S,")(H) ready to step right into. We can 
 place ten families in the township of Oliver on these terms, where they 
 will have a home market the highest in (Canada for their produce viz ; 
 tho niines- whore thoy w ill have churches, schools and neighbors right 
 at their doors. The first 'rop uould be put in for them at a cost of 
 from $',\'y to $ir>0, so that they might even come if the matter were 
 arranged, after their spring's work was done.'' 
 
 The Kamiuistii|nia Valley alone which adjoins tho town has over 
 20,000 acres of good land. 
 
 Mr. Wm. McPharUnd, one of the councillors .Shuniah municipality, 
 and who has a fine farm three miles from Port Arthur, says the spring 
 
 plowing gunerally Ix'gina the mlildlu 
 about flu ■ 
 
 iif .\prll and i:loKea In the fall 
 he firat of NuveinlH'r. lie has MIK) aiTes, Id buing in culti\ation 
 and bfing yearly extended, and ihielly duvuteil t<i nuirket gardenliiK 
 The aoll ia a clay loan,, warm, i|Uii'k and iindurliig I'rom 70 liuaheU 
 of potatoes aown l,N<M) bushela were harviated fiuni somewhat o\er aix 
 acres, and hay averages 1^ tona per ni re. The largi' red iluver and the 
 white |)iitch cluver gruw wild alluver the iliatriit miles aw ay from furmi. 
 
 .\miing the aettlera in .Mr. .lohn .\iiiistrong, of County I'lirnninagh, 
 Ireland, who haa ten acrea in gardi ii tnn k abuve the liiwn ami giowa 
 excellent cropa, ispecially iMitatuua lie says u man can iniike a good 
 living there and uuuld adviae some uf hiattlluw nationaliita to eomo 
 out. 
 
 about eiglil 
 thunsanil acna, auitablu for alieep raising. 
 
 Thu Oovernment atutiatica show tliat in crop* Algoma is up with 
 the beat of them. Of fall wheat thu aver.ige ia '.*'-' biiilieis and uf spring 
 whlMit III buNliets, while bailey ia i't bushel i, and iiats .'I'J bushels, rye 
 17, peas 'Jl, corn -17, binkw heat 'J7, lieaii< 'JO, potatoes I7'l, niangnls 
 .'<41, carriits 'iXt. turnips Illil biiahela and hay I', tuns per acie. The 
 percentage uf cleareil land under crop is larger than any other section 
 of thu province. All varieties of live stuck thrive and all tin farm 
 
 firoilucts are in brisk demand. The average value of good farm land is 
 Ive dollars an acre. 
 
 It. lie says potatoes havn been groHii up to ll^ jiuiinds, and that 
 luut eight inllea from town ia an elevated trint lY land of twenty 
 
 ^Mapkets and Wages. 
 
 I'KNTH. 
 
 Reef, per lb ,S to 15 
 
 Bread, per loaf 7 
 
 Bacon, per lb 14 to 16 
 
 Kgga, per duz ., 'JO to IIO 
 
 Turnipa, per Ima flO lo 7ft 
 
 Potatoes, per bua Off to 75 
 
 Heels ami cai rots, per bui I.'J5 to '2.00 
 
 Cabbage, per do/, I .'JO to 'J. 00 
 
 Milk, per ijuart 10 
 
 Poultry, per lb 10 to 20 
 
 ( )ats, per bus .3.') to M) 
 
 Butler, |)er lb 'J.-i to .'JO 
 
 Kh.ur, per 'JfK) lbs 5.50 to (I 50 
 
 Mutton, per lb H lo 15 
 
 I'ork, per lb 10 to 12 
 
 Sugar, per lb N to 10 
 
 Tulmci (I, per lb ."lO to 60 
 
 Tea, iier 11) 40 to 80 
 
 Ilay, per ton S20 
 
 Kami laborers, with board, SI per day ; domestic servants, %\(i to 
 8I.-| per month ; masons, $1) per day ; laborers, :*l.r>0 to §2 [mr day : 
 bricklayers, SjM per day ; carpenters, .'<2 per day ; dock laborers, 'JO to 
 ;tijc per hour. 
 
 (iiiides fur hunting or exploring from SI.'iO to $2., 'lO a day and 
 their board. 
 
 ImpoFtanee in JVlanufaetuFes. 
 
 I'urt Arthur ia destined to becunie the greatest manufacturing 
 center ill the West. Her geugraphical position: her neurnesi^ to inex- 
 haustible supplies uf raw materials; her facilities fur cheap transporta- 
 tion, both by water and rail; her big water power; her cheap fuel 
 supply; and last, lint not least, a vast empiro fur her market, a country 
 destined tu support millions of iuhaliitants all the.-te point tu this end. 
 The miner, the farmer and the lumliermnn have barely touched tho 
 wealth uf the I'ort Arthur district. In whatever direction one may 
 turn, opporlunities fo>' profitable enterprises seem abundant in this 
 great north lanil, which re(|uire only energy and intelligence to develop. 
 With the growth of the district and the great West, the varied wants 
 will call into jirclitable life the following . 
 
 In Iron — Blast furnaces, steel plants, rolling mills fur rails, beams 
 for bridges, buildings and other Htrncturcs, and merchant's iron, 
 foundries, machine shops, nail mills, forges, and in general, plants for 
 thu entire aeries of iron and steel ))ro(lucts may be ]irolitably operated 
 here, including also stoves, hot air furnaces, engines, boilers, etc. 
 
 In Wood Working. — Saw mills, sash, door and blind factories, 
 wagon works, harvester works, manufactories of agricultural imple- 
 ments of all kinds, musical instruments, furniture, etc. 
 
 Miscellaneous— Flouring mills, paper mills, oil mills, pulp mills, 
 woollen and linen factories, gloss works, tanneries, boot and shoe 
 factories, paint works, smelting and refining works for tho precious 
 metals, locomotive works, car shops, and, in short, whatever is needed 
 to supply thu wants of an intelligent, progressive and enterprising 
 people. 
 
 --rrT-n-irTT 
 
PORT ;iR,TilOR. ILLU8TR.J1TBD. 
 
 Town Industneg. 
 
 Hkw Mill IbUwiKMitHhliilucI ISMI ItlmitunlwIonMiiiilh \V*Ur 
 Htrcat, »n<\ iti •!/• li N) ■ UK) f««t, with » u»|iauUv ••' l(l,(MN) fent II. M. 
 par 10 hoiiri Thli mill la iiwiiml liy Mnira, Vl^itr llriHi , llm pro 
 ilucU IwiiiK iHNti'il, plitiik mid >i|imr« tliiilier, tlm itvcin^n •nniiul i>ul|iiit 
 bcliiK '.'i inillinii fuvt. It r(iiit»iiii> iiiiu ilrruUr naw, (HI inch, oiin 
 triiiiiiifi, line »likl> niw, ami oiia cil^nr. Tliry itUii own a pilH ilriviii;/ 
 outHt, I'onaiKtiii^ lit It tli<iitiii)( •li'itiM ilrlvor, with a daily cupKcity of 
 !U0 plli'K. Alti>)((iilii<r rriiiii 'M tii IIXI tiicn are oiiipliiyed ; thu t<it«l 
 InvettiiiKnt i> Ifi.lNXI. 
 
 I'liiiiini< Mill 'I'ldn turn* out »ii aventfia of dx million fmt yparly 
 nf di'cMed iiiinlH>r. It wat iipciit'd in INHH, iinil i« owned by Nlcuri. 
 Orehani, llmnu A Co 
 
 Amati'il WiitiTH 'I'Ih'iki wciika were cipcui'd In IHMI, aro ownnd liy 
 M«HI«. Kllintt fi Co., 10 ' tlO fcut in kI/x, iinil t7,0<HI inMittrl I herein 
 Tha proiliii'ta aro xida watvr, uingiir air, ivinonadi', urcam aoda, 
 Mmiparilla, rhampaKnu cider, and vhampagno lima jiiiiv. Tha yearly 
 outpnt it lO.OtHI d«/.<>n. 
 
 Sa>h and UiHir hVtnry Thia ia on Ciindurland Ktrvrt Katt, waa 
 •atalillalii'il iKrtN, and cnipfoya IMI man. Ilaal/u in 4N 140 fvot. It ia 
 owned l>y .Mcaara. Kennedy >t SaumltTa, and thii niaoliinary coat |l,'^,0(IO. 
 
 IjiKt-r ll«er llmwury Tho pniprictor ia Mr. (nniad (iihl. It 
 WM fonndril in INTO. I'rodiiction avi-ni)(t'd 'JO.IHH) ^allona yearly, the 
 building liidnij 'iH < XS, with three cellara a total of .'lO - H\ feet. 
 
 Ikon Kni'sriKY. 'I'hia ia nwni'd liy Mesara. U'oodnidii llroa., ia on 
 Maidtiin atruut : waa opened Sept., lss;i |t« ai/.o ia lOxlJO feet and 
 inolndea miichinv ahnp, l>lncl<iindthy, etc. It containa M liithua, I 
 uUnor, 2 lirilla, I ahaper, I holt cutter. I nulling niacldne, and ia run 
 oy a aix liorne power engine witli a 10 horae power lioiler. The moldinu 
 ihop can turn out all aorta iif eiuilinK« for heavy machinery, etc., and 
 weelily caata are made The outpnt ia ndning machinery and general 
 custom work Twelve men are employed. Annual luitput 9I'.,!,000. 
 
 The prodncta of tlieae factories are marketed in anil aliout 
 tha town, and eaat and weat along the railway, and in Manitolia and 
 the Territories, 
 
 Ppoposed Railway to tfie ^ines. 
 
 The matter ia now in tliis poaition. Tin' I'ort Arthur, Idilulli A 
 Weatern llailway ia chartered by the Federal tiovernment from I'urt 
 Arthur to (liinllint Lake on the boundary between Ontario and .Min 
 ueaota, S,') milca in length, for which a subsidy of $3,'J()0 per iiiilo has 
 been gianted. Tlio Ontario and Kainy River railway liaa a provincial 
 cbaiter from I'ort Arthur to Kainy Itiver, iinil has a grant from the 
 Ontario Oovcrnnicnt of $.'<,000 iier iiiib for ,'iO niilcH to .Sand Like. 
 
 An the route for the lirat lifty or ai.vty miles of these two projected 
 lines Ih iileiitical and it ia not possible for either company to linance tho 
 '.■nterpriaes upon the limited amounts of Oovernincnt grunts which they 
 hold, it is proposed, with the consent of the Ontario (Government, and 
 the assistauco of those interested, to build a railway common to both 
 oompunies fur say sixty miles of the distance. It is now projected to 
 build from I'ort Arthur via Fort William and tlirough the silver district 
 to .Sand hake. 
 
 The eatimates for construction, cost of right of way, station grounds, 
 clearing, grubbing, grailing, bridging, steel rails, tracklaying, ballast- 
 ing, station liouneH, water tanks, telegraph lints, etc , and an eipiipiiieut 
 of locomotives, tlat and liox curs, passenger, baggage and mail curs, 
 ■utiicient for the business and to pass the (iovernmeiit inspection -is 
 $14,000 per mile, or for tlie first Hfty miles $70<),000, or after deducting 
 the Bulisidies (of 93l(),(MIO) ;S:<90,(XK), which is lieing raised. 
 
 This rnihvay as projected runs westerly eleven miles, to a point on 
 the Canadian I'acilic, two miles cost of Murillo Station,; thcnuo it 
 turns slightly and inaintaina a southwesterly cource through tho town- 
 ship of l'ai[H)oiige, the southwest corner of U'Connnr, tho heart of lilies 
 and I..ybster and the southerly portion of .Strange, crnssing the ICuininis. 
 ti<{uia some three miles below the now celebrated Kakabeka Falls, and 
 passing almost within call of the ISeaver, Porcupine, Little Pig, Palisade, 
 .Silver Falls, Kost Silver Mountain, and West Silver Mountain mines, 
 through a country not only rich metallifcroualy but agrioulturaly as 
 well. Leaving .Strange, tho line skirts the north shore of WhiteHsh 
 Lake, crosses the divide and gains the water, discharging into Arrow 
 Lake, near the .^'iiid mile. The balance of the line is projected only, 
 but the route is pretty definitely fixed as running along the south side 
 of Sand Lake and thence southwesterly to North and (iunllint lakes, 
 crossing the International boundary at the west end of the latter and 
 paiwiDg within easy distance, generally within a stone's throw, of all 
 the recent discoveries of iron. Kvery care has been taken by the 
 engineers throughout to secure easy gradients and curvature. 
 
 The projected railway would ojien up very valuable mineral and 
 timber districts and extensive agricultural areas the latter especially in 
 the Whitefish and Rainy River sections. About 23,000 stiuare miles of 
 country are tributary to the line in Ontario. ' Mr. John Ross, the great 
 
 railway oontrautor, a«yi: "No linn has Ihiiui projoeted of late yeara, 
 that olfrra mora advantage* fur the inveatmsnt of capital." Tho aur 
 vtiya ahow that the lliii' paaaes through an easy connlry fur eonatruetlon 
 nxiept in two abort placva. Rainy River ia iiart of the iMiundary Imi 
 twven Cuiittda and the I' .S , and ia aeidcndid atreani, from 'Ml to 4<N| 
 yarda wide, wiudinu througli a valley of driip, alluvial soil. I'he bmika 
 / are from .'10 to 40 feet and the country Irvid and well aiipplied with 
 valuable timlicr of \aiions kliida. Tha valivy containa aome 'JV'I^OtMl 
 acres on the Canadian aide, lit for agriciilturi' and stm^k ralaiiig, ami ia 
 (airly aottiiii, 
 
 T^e Lake Businege, 
 
 I'urt Arthur a increiiand lake bnaiiieai cannot be better illuatiatrd 
 Ihitii by a lonipui laoii if the airivala and departnrna, aa fnrnlahed by 
 the Collector of Cuatiuna, for INNT and \HHH. 
 
 I'OHT AHTHI'K'a hrillTIMl, INH7. 
 
 VKMKIJt. 
 
 Nil. 
 
 KKOISTKHKr 
 
 ToNH 
 
 
 Inwards. 
 
 
 TllNNAllK. 
 
 lAIIHII'll 
 
 rliRw. 
 
 Canadian Steamers . . 
 
 .170. 
 
 ....lf)'.',(l."lH.. 
 
 ..riO,473. 
 
 ..4,U8I( 
 
 Canadian Schooners . 
 
 411.. 
 
 . 17,400.. 
 
 ..3l,.''i(H) 
 
 . :»43 
 
 American Steamers . 
 
 40.. 
 
 . .. II,U«3.. 
 
 .. 1,4110. 
 
 . . 4mi 
 
 American Schooners . 
 
 . i . 
 
 .303.. 
 
 .. i,'.*tm. 
 
 14 
 
 Total, 
 
 •m 
 
 109,01.^ 
 
 34,0.'il 
 
 ft,H42 
 
 Outwards. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Canadian Steamera. . . 
 
 . . 176 . 
 
 ....178.H33.. 
 
 . . 47,003 . 
 
 4,U.14 
 
 Canadian .Schooner*. 
 
 . 49.. 
 
 . ... 17,400.. 
 
 .. 0,!i;»2. 
 
 . . 343 
 
 Amerieuu Steamer* . 
 
 . . 40 . 
 
 .... 1I,(W3.. 
 
 .. 9,o(i;«. 
 
 . . 4mi 
 
 
 ... 2 . 
 
 190,790 
 
 83.H(W 
 
 14 
 
 Total, 
 
 •na 
 
 ..,78" 
 
 
 INHS. 
 
 
 
 
 V»a(HI!IJ(. 
 
 NO. 
 
 HKIllMTUKKD 
 
 TONS. 
 
 
 Inwards. 
 
 
 TIPNNAOK. 
 
 I'AHIllKI). 
 
 I'KKWS. 
 
 Canadian Steanieis . 
 
 ..256 . 
 
 lliMfll... 
 
 I04,ini 
 
 4,H70 
 
 Canadian Schooners. . 
 
 .. 01... 
 
 , . 'J'J,7I2... 
 
 .-•2N,7H2. 
 
 .. 249 
 
 American Steamera. . 
 
 ..I2;i... 
 
 . .. ■(4,0(10. . 
 
 . 4'.','204 
 
 I,n40 
 
 Aincricuu Sidiooners. . 
 
 .. IH... 
 
 . .. i;i,U'-'8... 
 
 . 24,.'iOI. 
 
 . . KM) 
 
 Total, 
 
 4fiH 
 
 207,.'ie0 
 
 1«K),7I8 
 
 0,884 
 
 Outwards. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Canadian .Steamer*. . . 
 
 ..2fifl... 
 
 .. 217,lfll.. 
 
 .136. '203. 
 
 ..4.879 
 
 Canadian .Schooners. . 
 
 .. 61... 
 
 . . 2'J,7I2... 
 
 . 41,401. 
 
 .. •J4!l 
 
 American Steamers. 
 
 I2:t .. 
 
 . . 44.000 . . 
 
 .. (I,:«I7. 
 
 ..l,MO 
 
 American .Schooners. . 
 
 , . IS... 
 
 . . i;i,0'2,s. .. 
 
 .. 2,1)85. 
 
 .. 160 
 
 Total, 4.->8 '207,fiOO 170,080 0,8,14 
 
 rilK DITSIDK CANAIilAN IliiATS. 
 These were: The steamahip Algoni|uiii, the steel steamship Rose- 
 dale, the propeller S. L. Tilley i. id conaortii, the lake barges Neelon, 
 Benson and Merritt, propeller Myles, steamlmrge Dominiou and consort 
 Agusta, stcuinbarge Clinton, towing barges (irimsby and Lisgar, the 
 propeller (ilenuarry to.iii.' the barges Olenoru and .lohn Oaskin, tug 
 dumcs A. Walker wii!i li\r,'w Brandon, .leiinie and Kegina, propeller 
 Hrnno and cons. lUi .Miiggin McKae and Lauru, propeller St. Magnu* 
 and steumbarge City u'' il<>^trcal towing schooner Keewatin. 
 
 (li lllMMllllITIKS lARKIKO. 
 The commodi;i"? '';»rricd by other than the lino boats have been 
 soft coal from Lake Erie ports to Heron Hay, Kossport, I'ort .Arthur, 
 and Fort William, anthracite coal from I<ake Ontario and Luke Krie 
 ports to Port Arthur and Fort William; and lumber from (ieon;ian Hay, 
 Lake .Michigan and the South .Shore. Tho down cargoes hive been 
 Manitoba wheat from Port Arthur; the destination being in rearly all 
 cases Kingston. 
 
 TlIK AL(IUNVi;iN. 
 
 This vessel was ailded to the Canadian Lake Ueet in 1888, and i* 
 owned by Messrs. Thomas Murks & Co., Port Arthur, She waa built 
 in 1887-88, on tho Clyde, by Napier, Shanks & Hell, of Glasgow, is a 
 steel, screw, steam ship, '250 feet long, 40 feet beam, and on 14 feet 
 draft carries 2,000 tons of cargo or 08.500 bushels of grain and 500 ton* 
 more on 16 feet draft, with a loaded speed of 12 miles an hour. She 
 classes 100 A. I at Lloyds, she and the Rosedalc being the only 
 steamers on the lakes with the highest British classification. 
 
 WHEAT SIIII'HKNTH. 
 
 Crop of 1884 2,007,824 bushel* 
 
 " 1885 1,'200,378 " 
 
 " 1880 1,975,515 " 
 
 " 1887 .'),003,884 " 
 
 " 1888 '2,075,434 " 
 
POKT JlKTilUR ILLUSTKJiTBD. 
 
 Port Jlrtliup. 
 
 L'iMiii Siimiior'a liiiK«r tip, 
 
 i'ltr |NiIntiti|| townril thu lH>unill«wi Wtxt, 
 Uiiliurn* bIkivc tli« wliltn wtnunl nhip, 
 
 llur Ixittlainniita, riKik fouiiiTiKl, teat, 
 Ai'oiiiiil h«r iM'BAii* hU'IiI tliuir awuy 
 
 Of liilliiweil xrikiiw ami iiiArinu iiIiich { 
 AikI in h«r otilla diat I'liikliiiti' i iT iHiiihil 
 
 Ara pruolniia oru in gliati nir.; valna, 
 
 ~\V. H. BALwir, 
 
 Tl^undep Bay. 
 
 J^'llia ilurp liidiMilatlon nil thu iinrlli riiniit of LhIiii Sii|irrl(>r la nliiit 
 In bl ialunila mill liiunllaiKla on tlin aoiiDi miil wcat, lUiil liy Tliiiniliir 
 Cikpa^'vniniiiilit nil th« piuit, wlillti oiitaiiln, II milea olT, ia lalo Ftnyalr, 
 riiniiliiK vnat hikI wiiat, i:liiaiii){ the ((ttii, Ka tlix opviiin){ liotwpiMi tliu uapu 
 mill I'io IhIaiiiI ia ittHcil. Onr(> inalilv, imnt'la arv aafii from any winil. 
 WIthiii 'I'IiiiikIit liny ia I'ort Aiihiir linrlioiii', piotoctml from every 
 winil, llio vHat ftlonu iilowintc ovni tliv low pitrt of Thiiiiiler Capo I'en- 
 Inautn, knil thli the Oovernment Hm pi-oteuteil hy » brekkwater. 
 
 Jldminiatr'ation of eluatioe. 
 
 iliilin M. Mum 1 1 ton, ,liiilk'<^ of tliu l>iatrlol Court. Siirro){atu Court, 
 r.ocal .Iml^a mill Maatvr of tin' High Court; Chaa. Krt'laainann, Itugla- 
 trtr of tlii^ llitfli Ourt, .SnrroKittu Court, ami (.'lerk of Diatriot Court; 
 A. It. I,()win. |)iHtrir-t Crown Attorney ; ,lam«a Mopk, Acting .SlierlfT 
 mid .VIiu'Klial of Mitrlliniii (/'oiirt : .lohn M. Miinm, Kv)(iah'ar of Duuila 
 anil Clerk o( thn Diviaion Court ; \V. II. Hcaaoii, Hailill' of the High 
 Court ; .1. Donovan, Itailll) of the Diviaion Court ; 'I'liomaa Piinfolil, 
 Jailor. 
 
 I'lll.ICK Kimi'K 
 
 Tliii oonalata of three men : K Nichola, Chiuf ; J. Ituiley, .Sar;(i'ant; 
 Thoa. ,Si|uir<i, Patrolman. Tlio aervioe coatii the town about #3,0<N) per 
 year. 
 
 Pipe Depaptment 
 
 Thla la unilor the control of the committee of tire, water ami lif^lit 
 of tho 'I'own Oiunuii. Thu uppljuni.'ua iionaiat of J ateamer; I hand 
 eiijjint) : 4 hoae rueU ; 1 hose wukoii ; 4(XKI fuet of lioau. 10 poiimU 
 of atvam ia kept oouHtantly on thu ateamer. One rngiuoer always on 
 duty. 
 
 The irtlicers are : Jus. II. \Vo(Ml»ide, chief; .lolin W'oodaido, 
 deputy chief ; K I*. Viuara, engineer ; Tlioniaa .1. Heilden, aaaiatant 
 engineer ; Win. VVoodside, Caiit. hoae company ; Alex. McLean, 1st 
 licutuiiant hose company; K. I.Mwrciice, ('apt. hook and ladder com- 
 pany ; (ieo, Heatty, Ist lieutenant hook and ladder company ; b'. 
 Kregcan, aocrctary ; das. H. WiMidHlde, treasurer. MemhorNliip tiO, 
 
 The members of the fire brigade holil weekly meetings. The 
 ollicors and men are paid 2.'ic for each meeting, and 2.~)0 per hour when 
 on duty at fires. The total cost to the municipality for the iimintonance 
 of the fire department is about $4,U00 annually. 
 
 Beapd ef Tpade. 
 
 This was organized in 1HS5, Messrs. Thomas Marks being pres- 
 ident, (ieo. A. (irmiam vice-president, and VV. H. Langworthy secretary- 
 treasurer. Its memhcrship is now (15; the annual fee being tonilollars. 
 It is alhliated with and entitled to representation on the Dominion 
 Board of Trade. The Hoard has dealt with several important matters, 
 among them the enlargement of the canal system, the fixiag of the 
 Western grain standards, the import <luty on lumber and reserving 
 mining timber. The secretary's office ia on Lome street, whore a 
 permanent exhibition of the minurals and other products of the district 
 is being gathered The Board owns the Daniels Hlock on Park street, 
 jmd is active and prosperous. The otticers for 1889 are: — 
 
 President — Thomas Marks. 
 
 Vice-President— George A. Graham. 
 
 ijecretary-Treasurer— J. J. O'Connor. 
 
 Council — George H. Macdonell, A. Squier, J. V. Kuttan, VV. C. 
 Dobie, F. E. Gibbs, V. Bowernian, H. A. Wiley, James Meek, J. T. 
 Home, S. W. Ray, F. S. Wiley, W. H. Ungworthy, 
 
 Bdueatien. 
 
 The town liaa a high school, a iiubllu schiml, and a aep«rat« aohonl, 
 which Is controlleil by the Itonian Catholic church. 
 
 High School 'I Ills waa iipniitid In two riHinia of thn public achool 
 ill Augiiat, 1887, but on ■laiiiiary IHh, 1888, niovud Into the praannt 
 building, at tliu hvud of Park Strvnt, and which iriiat lll.fMKI. Mr. 
 Coluinaii waa the tirat iiiaater, and retaliiiid it for two tvrina. Tin' 
 prnaoit principal ia \V. II. Law, K.A., M D , with K. King, II A , 
 aaaialant maatcr, The liimnl of triiatinis I'onalata of W. H. Keavtr 
 Idiairnian), A. .Siiiiler, W Margach, ,1 A. Mcliitnali, .1. llanciHik, J 
 I.,. Mi'Ikle, I. L. Matthews. In 1881) the loat to the miiiiiclpality U 
 II, IHH), with goveriiiiii'nt grant of |8(M). The uuiiiIht of piipila on the 
 regiatinr la 411, in the fnllowing branchiia : Kngliah gianim.tr, Kiigliali 
 literature, loiiipoaltlnn, reading, dictation, iiciiinanahip rrlthniiftii', 
 algebra, Kiiglinh hiatory, geography 4U pnpila in each, while III ari' 
 In iHinkket'ping ami lominercUl tranaactinns, II in each of geomrtr] , 
 llrei'iaii and Koiiiiiii lilatnry and ancient hiatory, A in chemiatry, '27 In 
 French, .'< in Oernian, IH In Latin, ami 'M in ilruwing. Twelve piiplla 
 are iireparlng for lliird claas certlficalea, and two for aecoiid, with one 
 for I'liiveralty niKtriiiilation and one for Upper (.'aimda Col'ege. The 
 biiililing ia of white brick and red aandatone, only the two biwur rooms 
 being at preaent uaed. 
 
 Pulilii: School Thia waa opened In I87'2, on Keaorve A, thu Hrat 
 bounl of trustees lining D. I). Van Norinan, T. U'oodside, and A 
 Bowernian, and W. C, Dobie waa added In IS7.'I. Their llrst tinanclal 
 report waa the yeur ending December .31, I87H. To Govornment war- 
 runt, J.W.OO ; (r. by payments for repaira, and other expenses, |.')7.l)r>. 
 Debts due teachera, <|II(M) ; do for repaira and other ex|(enaea, Itll.W. 
 A aclioni lioiiae waa built in 1871 in W'averley Park, and occupied In 
 the autumn of the same year. Mr. J A. Stewart ia the principal, the 
 aaaiatant tualiera being Miaaea L. Kennedy, K. Kennedy, Klla llcaley, 
 Annie Woodaide, ami Mr. .McKeny.ie ; the hoard of truateoa, il. ']'. 
 Mackay (chairman), H. V'igara, W. C. Dobie, W. SV . Kiiaaell, .1. K. 
 ,lohnaton anil V. Bowernian. 
 
 lat depnrtnieiit Teacher mid Principal, J. A. Stewart. Class of 
 I'upila Senior and Junior Fourth ; No of pupils enrolled i"!!; ; Average 
 attendance '27. 
 
 Subjects taught -Heading, (fourth reader,) writing, urithmntic, 
 
 Grammar, Geography, Literature, compoaition, history, Kngliah and 
 !anailian, dictation ami Hpelling, drawing. 
 . '2nd department Toaclier Miaa Liz/.ie L. Kennedy. CKaa of I'upila 
 -Senior and Junior Third; No. of pupils enrolled, 4'2 ; Average at- 
 tendance, .'14. 
 
 Subjects taught 
 department. 
 
 ;ird department 
 
 Heading, (third reader,) and aame an in the Ist 
 
 Teacher Miss Kate W. Kennedy. No, of pupils 
 enrollcil ,'54 ; Avorago attendance 43, Claaa of pupils Senior and In- 
 termediate .Second. Subjccta t.iiight Kcadiug, (aecond reader) writing, 
 drawing, grammar, arithmetic, geography, literature,' composition, 
 dictation and spelling. 
 
 4th department Teacher, Mias Klla Ilealey. (Ilasaof pupila.lunior 
 aecond and Senior Part II of First. No of pupila enrolled, 48, average 
 :I7. Subjects taught To Junior 2nd the same as in the Ilrd department 
 To Senior Part II of First the subjects for Second ommitting grammar, 
 literature and dictation. 
 
 .Ith department Teacher, Mias Annie Woodside. Claaa of pupils. 
 Junior Part II of First and .Senior Part one of First. No. of I'upila en- 
 rolled, 44, average, .'U. Subjects taught Reading, writing, spelling, 
 arithmetic, geography, drawiii)^. 
 
 (Ith department— Teacher, Miss Maggie McKen/.ic. (.'lasa of pupils 
 Intermediate and <lunior Part I of First. No. of pupila enrolled, I0'2 
 average I'.i 
 
 Subjects taught— Heading, writing, spelling, arithmetic, drawing 
 and singing. 
 
 In the 0th department the half-time system has been adopted and 
 hM been one year in operation. 
 
 The total No. of pupils enrolled in the schools ia .')2'2 the total aver- 
 age attendance is '248. Promotion examinations held in ,luly and De- 
 comber. 
 
 Separate School Number of pupils ou register, 147; average 
 attendance, 97. Subjects taught are the same as in the public schools, 
 with religious teaching. 
 
 St. Joseph's Convent— Kstablishod by Sisters of St. Joseph, Au- 
 gust 27, 1881. At present there are ninn sisters teaching and nursing 
 in the horpital. 
 
 The Hospital was established in 1884, ia 4,5 x 50 feet, contains 3 
 wards and 4 private rooms. It is supported by grants from the Ontario 
 Government, and the town, and by private donations and some paying 
 patients. 
 
PORT JlHTJiUR ILLUSTR.J1TED. 
 
 JIlgema'8 Beundapy. 
 
 The iliBtriot Algunui U limindcd on the east by a line drawn due 
 north from the mouth of the Krenuh river, on (ieorgian Uuy, to the 
 mouth of the Mooho river, on James' Hay. On tlio nortli by the 
 Knglish river, Ijie Seul and the Albany river. Oif the west liy a line 
 drawn due north from the n.w. angle of tlie Lake of the Woods to the 
 intersection with the Knglish river. On tlie south by the Rainy river, 
 Rainy lake, I'igeon river, Lake .Superior, Sa.dt Ste Marie river and 
 (ieorgian Hay. The district is 1,'20() miles in length and from 'i()0 to 
 8(M) miles in width, Algoma also includes the Manitiiulin, (ockburn 
 and 8t. .losoph Islands. 
 
 SpeFting J^etes. 
 
 With the rod one has an almost uutouelied list of HpiMl<l"d trout 
 streams ut conmiauil within eaiy reach, or can troll in the lakes for the 
 great tiout. 
 
 AlHjut a dozen muskellunge {Eiox Xuhilioi) are yearly caught in 
 Thunder Hay and generally larjic. 
 
 Messrs. Krcd. Jones and (ieo. T. -Marks, of I'ort Arthur, one day 
 trolling oDMarvis Island caught in 8i.\ hours 4u red saluion tout of an 
 average weii^ht of ai.x pounds, 
 
 Mr. A. .S, Wink, barrister, of I'ort Arthur, in IJ hours fly fishing 
 on the Nepigon on July 'Jnd, INKS, caught eight trout weighing a total 
 of 24 poiHuls. 
 
 This season Mr. Macdonell has placed the first steam launch on 
 Thunder Hiiy, a coal oil burner of six horao power, six feet beam aud 30 
 feet long with a speed of ten to twelve miles an hour. 
 
 This is also one of the greatest fur yielding districts from the 
 Nepigon to the Lake of the Woods a length of 4(HI miles and north to 
 Hudson's Bay. Of the smaller animals except the licaver, the supply in 
 •ome cases seems to be increasing aud certainly in nthcrs is not lessen- 
 ing an<l for this I hive the authority of a. Hudson's l!ay factor of nr.ny 
 years experience in one of the largest districts collecting tlic usual 
 variety of skins. 
 
 Tl^e Town Geuneil, 
 
 The first council met for organization May lUtli, 1SS4, and ap- 
 pointed W. H. Langworthy clerk and treasurer; A. .S. Wink, solicit<jr; 
 W. W. Russell, engineer ; Dr. Lome C. Campbell, medical health 
 officer; A. W. Thompson, J. J. O'Connor and (ieo. T. Marks, a iioard 
 of Health. Tlios. Marks retired from mayor's chair, Dec. lilst, 1S84, 
 a' 1 James Conmee in-esided in 1SS,5, being succccileil by (!co. II, Mac- 
 donell, who was mayor for three successive years, aud wiis followed by 
 Thos. A. (lorliiiii: in January, 1SS9. 
 
 I'RESENT Cdl-XClI.. 
 Thos. A. Oorham, mayor. Councillors, Ward 1 -C. II. .Sluua, P. 
 , Nicholson, W. J. Hawlf ; Ward 2-(;. W. Brown, J. -McTeigue, J. K. 
 Johnston, ; Ward .'! J. K. Kuttan, H. L. Klliott, ,J. -\. l''nisi j-. Town 
 clerk, W. H. Langworthy. 
 
 TOWN .\SSKSSMKNT. 
 
 1884 fl,n'2,s,74,-) 
 
 1885 I,.T)!),7.'1() 
 
 1886 1,.S2.J,I17 
 
 1887 i,r>'_'7,H;u 
 
 1888 l,r)ti.^),47'.' 
 
 1S89 I,7."A')'.'4 
 
 TAXKS LKVIEI), 
 
 iieneral 
 
 I'm, o.Hcs. Sclioolw. 
 
 1884 $U),4,-)9 92 S;!,()H() 24 
 
 1885 19, l.''>6 ir> 4,4.-|4 10 
 
 1886 24,r)l4 1 4,OS0 ',5 
 
 1887 1S,.)22 00 4,8Hli 00 
 
 1888 22,298 9t) 4,.Sti:i 18 
 
 T\iQ ChuPGl^es. 
 
 PKOT';.-,r.\XTKi'iscoPAL. — Port Arthur, now in the diocese of Algoma, 
 originr .ly formed part of the diocese of I'oronto. Rev. C B, DunJ&s 
 was tl e first incumbent, being ordained and appointed in 1872. During 
 that yeai 'le erection of a plain wooden church was begun which was 
 completea the year following. The parsonage was built in 1875, In 
 
 September, 1S77, Mr. Dundas resigned and was succeeiled by the Rev, 
 J. K. MeMorine. On April 5th, 1881, both church and paraonuge were 
 destroyed by tire. The present parsunuge, ' osting 8l,'iO(), was finished 
 in March, 1KS2, and the new church, coating more than $7,000, in July, 
 1HS4. Mr. MeMorine resigned in 1HH5, when at the rccjucst of the 
 Bishop of Algoma, the present ineunJient, Rev. V. J. Machiu, took 
 charge. At that time Port Arthur prov.'dcil only onethinl of the cler- 
 ical income. It now provides the whole. The congregation is large, 
 aud there are over ninety communicants Improvement is steadily 
 going on. The Womens' Sewing Society have raised $800 towards a 
 school-house to be built in the autuum. It has also been determined 
 that a new and more substantial parsonage shall be erected. A parochial 
 missionary association, a branch of the S. P. (i., is doing good work, 
 raising about S'tOO a year. A branch of S. P. C. K. is contemplateil. 
 The Bishop has coiistituted Thunder Bay District a rural deanery, of 
 which the incuiid)ent of Port Arthur, is rural dean. 
 
 Bai'TIst. — Organized September, 188."), by Rev. Robert (iarside, 
 with 14 members. It has been under Rev. Fred. T. Tapscott from the 
 first. At first the town hall was used for services, but in December, 
 1886, they opened their present church, corner Cund)erlan(l and .St. 
 Paul streets, which has cost S2,800 and scats 2.50 people. The income 
 for 1888 was $2,800, and 100 memhers have been addeil since organiza- 
 tion. The average attendance at Sunday school is l.W, and the scholars 
 contributed $377 last year. Mr. I. L. Matthews is the clerk of the 
 church. 
 
 Ro.MAN Cathomc. "Built in 1874. Rev, R, Baxter, S.J,, first 
 pastor. Total income about $1,000, at present, Kiist church 
 burned in February, 1881, replaced the same year by a substantial 
 brick structure 40x70. .Situated at the corner of Arthur and .\lgoma 
 streets. 
 
 Reports from the other churches have not been available. 
 
 Ligl^t, Watep, and Stpeet Systems. 
 
 El,hXTRlo LKillT. — The Heisler incandescent system. Kstablishcd by 
 the Port Arthur Water, Power and Light Company, May, 18S9 ; pres- 
 ident— M. Dwyer ; secretary — James McTeigue. 
 
 PuKSE-NT .Street Liiiirr System. Is on Arthur from Hebert to 
 S. Water street, Cumberland from A' an Home to Bay, Court from 
 Elgin to Wilson, Algoma from Cameron to Waverly, Park lioin 
 Waverly to S. Water, S. Water Arthur to Bay, Pearl .S. Water to 
 Algoma, Wilson street Cumberlund to Court. 
 
 Sewehs. — Located on 1 Pearl street from Second to Cund)erland >St. 
 
 2 Park " " Algoma " " " 
 
 3 (/'und)erland " Arthur " " " 
 
 4 Wilson " Cumberland to S. Water " 
 In all about one mile in extent. 
 
 Water Si rri.Y Pkoi'osei>. — By gravitation from Current River 
 through ravines into McVicar's Creek to a dam at r. point about 1,000 
 feet above Algoma street, from which point the watjr will be pum|)ed 
 by watei'power into a reservoir, situate at or near the intersection of 
 Van Norman and High streets, on the Russell addition, ut a height of 
 220 feet above the level of Luke Superior ; from there the water ivill be 
 distributed in suitable sized steel mains, for the present, on Arthur .St. 
 from the intersection of the Red River road to S. Water .St., Park St. 
 from Waverly to S. Water St., I'earl from Banning St. to S. Water 
 St., Cund)prland from Victoria to Wilson St., Court St. from Wil.son to 
 Victoria, Victoria from Court to Cumberland, St. Paul from Arthur to 
 Cameron St., Cameron from Cumberlanil to Court St., South Water St. 
 friMu --\rthur to Wilson. In all 5^ miles. 
 
 The surplus water over the dam above Algoma street, will be 
 brought down and over a series of dams to Lake .Superior and will be 
 used for water-power jiurposcs, capable of being developed into a 
 capacity of 6,000 horse i)ower. 
 
 Streets. -Arthur, Lome, Park, Lincoln, Pearl, Ambrose, Wilson, 
 Maniton, South Water, North Water, Bay, John, Court, Maeliar Ave- 
 nue, Algoma, .Second, Banning, High, Hill, Pine, Klizabeth, Duke, Van 
 Norman, Cameron, Cund>erlund, St. Paul, Tupper, Howe, (iraliam, 
 River, Victoria, Hebert, Regent, Elgin, McVicar, Van Uornc, Wav>rly, 
 Front, Jean, Winnipeg avenue. Prospect avenue, Oxford, Ontario, 
 King, Albert, Dixon, Frances, Young, College, Sheppard, St. Vlu-nnt, 
 St. Oeorgo, St Joyeph, Riverside avenue, Nugent, Stephens, Robert- 
 son, Queen, Hester, lnchi(iuin, Lisgar, Elizabeth, Beverly, Foley, 
 Wiley, Dufl'erin, Red River road. Fort William road, Shuniah road. 
 In all about 20 miles, and 8 miles of sidewalks. 
 
 The improvements for this year include the completion of the 
 breakwater ; the erection of four business blocks, of brick and stone ; 
 the introduction of electric light, anil the opening or extension of streets 
 and sidewalks, with various private additions to realty. 
 
4'C> ]•; 'l- A l'^ -I- 1 1 11 l'^ I If L- U !ty'V- \i A •'!• H\). 
 
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PORT JIRTJilDR. ILLUSTOTED. 
 
 Returning Tljanks. 
 
 It is very rare in publicitionR of this kind that such an amount of 
 «killed woric ia omployeil, and it seems a fitting place hero to give that 
 credit to tliose whose care and knowledge have permitted this iaauo. 
 
 The Photos — Almost all these were done t>y Messrs. \V. J. Uarrie 
 and J. F. Cooke, of Port Arthur, under varying and often difficult 
 conditions, and the majority were taken specially for this book. The 
 beauty of the engravings ia largely due to the excellence of the photos, 
 as a good print cannot be had from a poor photo. 
 
 The Kngrovings— These were done by the Moss Engraving Co., 
 New York, and the work speaks for their thoroughness, and each one 
 explains itself. They are done by the Moss procecs, which is so far 
 beyond compare with any free hand drawing. The softness and 
 delicate flnish are exquisite, and bear continual study, while being true 
 to life. 
 
 The Paper— This is the product of the Canada Paper Co., of 
 Montreal, and is a good and true fnimdation to receive such illustra- 
 tions and press work, the cov"- paper being especially beautiful. 
 
 The Letterpress — This and the " make up " were done at tlic ollice 
 of TliK Comme.rriat, Winnipeg, and perhaps only liiombers of the pro- 
 fession will fully understand the labor ana skilled interest rc<juired. 
 
 Information — This has been gathered from so many sources, both 
 verbal and written, that it is scarcely possible to mention them 
 separately, nnd this chance is therefore taken to thank all those who 
 so kindly furnished it, and also to those whose monetary assistance 
 allowed the publication of this work. 
 
 Greneral Jletes. 
 
 L. K. U'Bkikn, the Canadian artist, thinks the Kakabeka falls are 
 "as beautiful as anything on the continent." 
 
 Til K Secretary of the Port Arthur Board of Trade will answer 
 (|UcattonB about the town or district. 
 
 Ci'KiiKNT RivEB Water Powkr. — This is estimated at the lower 
 falls to be 3,000 horse-power, which could be incroaaeu to 4,000 a little 
 higher up stream. 
 
 How Factories Rise. — When a smelter is started the lead ore» 
 will be used, and with a linseed oil mill handling Manitoba tUx seed, 
 and the tine baryta close by, paint works will be protitable. 
 
 The Port Arthur district has long been an important trade point. 
 Before the days of .oilways there were live joutes connecting it with 
 the prairies of the west, namely : by Pigeon River, by the Kamiuiati- 
 ijuia River, by Current River, by N epigun River and the Dawson route. 
 
 The Dawson Roau. — This ia one of the prettiest drives of the 
 district. In the first 44 miles the road crosses three large rivers, 22, 
 27 and :i9 miles from Port Arthur. For the first 27 miles it runs 
 throuj;h a partly open country and over a succession of sandy hills, and 
 along its course affords some charming scenery and excellent shooting. 
 
 Every • railway terminus on the great lakes east has a lino of 
 steamers connecting with Port Arthur, viz; from CoUingwood, Owen 
 Sound, Sarnia, Chicago, Milwaukee, Duluth, etc. The Canadian Pacific 
 Railway Co'a steamers are over 1,400 tons each, and run from Owen 
 Sound to Port Arthur, a distance of 504 miles, in about 36 hours and 
 are always on time. 
 
 The Press. — This is represented by the Senlind and the Ihrnld. 
 The Sentinel and North Shore Miner is issued daily and weekly. The 
 former being in its eight year, and the subscription $6, while the weekly 
 is 92 per year. It is owned by the Thunder Bay Printing Company, 
 Mr. I). L. Mclntyre being managing director and editor. It is Con- 
 servative in politics. The Herald and Alyoma Miner is published by 
 the Herald Printing Company at 81 per annum, Mr. D. F. Burke being 
 editor. The paper is Liberal in politics and it is seven years old. 
 
 The Grain Elevators. — These are somt of the largest, best 
 equipped and most complete anywhere, and the rapid loading facilities 
 they afford give a great advantage to vessels trading here, in saving 
 time. The system is being yearly increased to meet the storage 
 demands of the fertile western prairies, and even now has a total 
 capacity of three million bushels. 
 
 Flour Milling. — No place offers greater advantages for this 
 indnstry. Here wheat can be tlelivered into one door of the mill on the 
 water front, direct from the railway car that was loaded on the prairie, 
 and the flour can be passed out of another door into the hold of a vessel 
 that has just unloaded enough coal to run several mills for a twelve 
 month. About 100 barrels is the daily consumption of the town and 
 district. 
 
 A Jesuit Missio.v, — On the Kaministiquia River, above the town, 
 a mission to the Indians has been established over half a century, with 
 two fathers and six lay brothers resident. The reserve of land contains 
 1,600 acres (for 300 Indians), and 100 are cultivated —four being in a fine 
 
 garden. Here is a convent and orphanage for girls, a boy's school, a 
 church and a four story stone residence, and proiwsed industrial school 
 costing $12,000. 
 
 The hotels of a city are an unfailing sign of its condition. They 
 mark eras in its growth and development. The village inn, the country 
 tavern, the metropolitan hotel — all toll the tale of their surroundings. 
 .Step by step the village folhiws hamlet, the city follows village, and 
 . metropolitan greatness succeeds enterprising city. With each step of 
 its progress the change for the better is marked by the improvement of 
 its iiouaes of public entertainment. Port Arthur has rtbched a sound 
 position in this respect. 
 
 Current River.- -Ita course is picturca<|ue beyond description. 
 Leaping from one brow to another, winding its way among the thick 
 underbrush which lines iU shores, and' between the trees that close 
 above it, now a turbulent flood whose rushing can be heard at a 
 distance, and again subsiding Into a quiet, placid stream or an eddying 
 pool, only for a moment, then to leap over another projecting crag untU 
 It mingles its waters with the mighty lake— the lover of nature allow- 
 ing its course, is constantly attracted by some new cccne, aome new 
 picture, some new enchantment, which lures him on and on. 
 
 Conelusien. 
 
 (Jreat cities do not occur by accident, they rise from natural and 
 artificial causes, chief among the former being a dominant commercial 
 or geographical position. That must be where extended linea of land 
 and water carriage meet, and where the tributary country ia great and 
 rich in reaources. Of these are products of the farm, forest and mine. 
 When theae are joined with energetic and capable men, the result is as 
 certain as any thing may be within our range. Now in applying this to 
 Port Arthur take first her 
 
 POSITION. 
 
 Port Arthur is a natural terminal point. Water transport is the 
 key to commerce, and when joined by railways, complete the situation, 
 ita iinpi tance in this respect was long ago seized by the farseeing men 
 controlling th gigantic Canadian Pacihc Railway system, who have 
 promptly made it their Lake terminus. 
 
 Port Arthur is located at the extreme head of the great chain of 
 lakes, 300 niilea beyond any other lake port, and conse<iuently 300 
 miles nearer the richest agricultural and mining regions of the west. It 
 is also not leas than 500 miles nearer the Pacific Coast and is, conse- 
 iiuently, on the pathway of commerce between the eastern and western 
 seaboards. Of courae it is at the extreme of deep water navigation on 
 the west, and will become one of the chief railway centers. The re- 
 (luisites for cheap transportation are, therefore, all at hand here. 
 
 These important geographical conditions are strongly reinforced by 
 others which guarantee that a vast volume of international commerce 
 must inevitably seek the route of the great Lakes through Port Arthur 
 as the shortest and cheapest line between all Atlantic ports, both ICuro- 
 pean and American, and those of the Eoat Indies, China and Japan. 
 Tl'.eso conditions may be thus summarized, 
 
 RESOURCES. 
 
 The Farm— Theae are practically unlimited, as almost the whole 
 products of the country west of Lake Superior and north of the Inter- 
 national Boundary flow here. 
 
 The Mine— Here is the heart of a great extent of varied riches here- 
 before shown and scarcely yet entered upon, the proiluction and treat- 
 ment of w hich cause rapid and largo growth of population and wealth. 
 
 The Forest — The enormous extent of timber tributary to the place 
 is not fully known or indeed surveyed, but good judges estimate it at 
 thousands of millions of feet. 
 
 The Fisheries -Are also an important factor. 
 
 Cheap Power— The cheapness with which coal can be laid down here 
 by water, and the abundance of wood, added to the waters running 
 wiste answers the (|uestion of cheap power for manufacturing. 
 
 Handling Facilitiea — Thia aplendid natural harbor made per- 
 fectly safe by man's hand, and the ready facilities for rapid dispatch 
 of marine business now building up, supply the remaining conditions for 
 the existence of a great sea port, a wholesale center and storage point 
 for the wide west. Tho leaser ai<Is to solid growth are present in abun- 
 dant supplies of building material, stone, brick and lumber, an equable 
 and healthy climate, pure and unlimited water, and perfect drainage 
 facilities, with one of the finest sites to be found. Reviewing all these 
 conditions one risks nothing in concluding that Port Arthur will be one 
 of the great citiea of the world. 
 
 The bright bow of promise in flaming beauty spans her skies. 
 Like a royal despot she exacts her tribute from every other point in 
 western Canada. Forest and field and mine alike send their treasures 
 to her gateway, and in their turn the fruit receive of loom and spindle. 
 Through the whole west every workshop and every golden field of grain, 
 are factors in her growth. No Titan force can stay her inarch to great- 
 cfes, nor rivalry impede her course. 
 
 r^ 
 
PORT JIRTilUR. ILLUSTOTBD. 
 
 Building Stene. 
 
 Vkktk Island Sandstonk. -In Nepigon Bay, some 70 mile* out of 
 Port Arthur, is an island containing some of the choicest buil<ling stone 
 in America. It is a hard durable red sandstone of a rich color, of high 
 fire proof (jualities, and tenacious. The deposit is from 20 to 40 feet 
 deep, and improves in descent. It is being worked by Deneral John 
 MacArthur of Chicago, and 930,000 have l>een spent on docks, build- 
 ings and plant since opening in 1888. From 30,000 to S0,000 cubic 
 feet are yearly shipped, some 50 men being employed, the principal 
 market being Chicago and other United States cities, where it sells at 
 $1.25 per foot, the duty being .$1 a ton. 
 
 WiNNii'Ko Fla(i Stone Siiri-LY.— When the time comes to use 
 stone pavements, the Canadian. Hacitin and Thunder Bay district will 
 have the profits of providing them. There is in sight of Port Arthur 
 and under the (jllant's Head at Thunder Cape, a (piarry of excellent 
 flasging stone, from two to twelve or more feet S((uare, nmooth on one 
 ana ofteu on both sides. It is a dark slate, hard and tough, with well 
 defined breakage, with unlimited supply and very easy of aooess, being 
 only 15 feet from deep water. , 
 
 Business Direetery. 
 
 Banks.— Ontario Bank, Kay Street & Co. 
 
 Bakrrs. — Hy. Foote, W. H. Demuth, D. M. Davidson, A. Lavery. 
 
 Boat Livery.— F. Jones. 
 
 Bakbkrs. — Thomas Dunbar, Malcolm & Slipper, D. Anderson. 
 
 BuTCiiEKS. — G. \V, Brown, M. Sullivan, Spofford Bros., W. Hancock. 
 
 Boots and Shoes.— C. 0. Lalonde, A. McGillis. 
 
 Booksellers. — Moir k Mills, J. L. Meikle. 
 
 Blacksmiths. — Taylor & Johnston, Woodside Bros., Chas. U'Meara, 
 
 Udilders. — .1. H. Post & Sons, A. Mclnrot, A. Morrice, Charles Scott, 
 Kennedy & Saunders. 
 
 CoNFEtmoNERY AND Fruit. — G. L. Peterson, J. C. Banks. 
 
 Coal and Wood. — Dominion Cool Co'y. 
 
 Dbt Goods. — Mackay & Co , Mathews & Fraser, Shera & Co., C. \V, 
 Hamilton jc Co. 
 
 DRCiiS. — J. J. O'Connor & Co., W. J. Clarke, T. J. C. Rodden. 
 
 Dressmakisu. — Miss W. \V. Coward, (C. \V. Hamilton & Co.,) Miss 
 Gordon, (Shera & Co.,) Miss McPliaddcn, (Mathews &, Fraser,) 
 Mackay & Co. 
 
 Fdrniture. — J. A. Smith, Dwyer & Nagle, Geo. Mooring. ' 
 
 Fish Dealers.— Port Arthur Fish Co. 
 
 Flour and Grain. — W. J. Bawlf, V. Bowe.man. 
 
 Grockils. — Wm. Bishop & Co., M. Isbistcr & Co., Mcintosh & Johns- 
 ton, \V. C. Dobie & Co., (J. O. P. Clavet, P. Labby & Co., \V. J. 
 Hosking, L. U. Bonin, \V. F. Fortune, \Vin. Hayne, D. Coveny, 
 J. Coburn. 
 
 Gents' Furnishings and Clothino. -(iarland, P^lliott & Co., J. M. 
 Neelin, J. C. Vivian, Mackay k Co., Mathews k Fraser, H. 
 Nicholson. 
 
 Hardware. — Thomas Marks & Co., Wellsjc H^merson, M. Isbistcr k Co. 
 
 Harness and Saddlery.— J. VVitherspoon. 
 
 Hotels — Northern, Northern Hotnl (Jo. proprietors, F. S. Wiley, man- 
 ager ; Algoma, Merrill k Hodder ; Bodega, W. (i. Johnston ; 
 Western, Chas. Hayne ; Continental, Adams & SpoB'ord ; Argyle, 
 H. T. Jackson ; Albion, W. H. Davis ; Mansion House, J. W. 
 Morey ; Mining Exchange, W. J. Schweigler ; Ottawa, B. Guerard ; 
 TriKey House, Ole Brand ; Merchants^ John Bourke ; Cosmopoli- 
 ton, M. M. Connolly ; Bay View, A. (Juerard ; Royal, I). K. 
 Campbell ; Superior, P. Daly ; Windsor, J. Erikkala ; Norway, 
 A. Johnson ; Victoria Hotel, Isaac Fraser. 
 
 Insurance— A. Squier, fire, life, accident and marine; F. Jones, life ; 
 J. J. O'Connor, life and accident ; J. F. Ruttan, fire and life ; Goo- 
 U. Macdonell, lire, life and accident ; Wiley & Co., fire, life, acci- 
 dent and marine ; Hancock k Inglis, life. All these agents repre- 
 sent a total of 30 companies. 
 
 Jewkller-S— A. W. Thompson, Moir k Mills, A. Ross, and W. P. 
 Cooke. 
 
 Livery Stables — A. Crysler, R. Cuthbert, McDonald k Dwyer. 
 
 Liquors and Ckiars — Wholesale, Thomas Marks k Co., M. Isbistcr k 
 Co., S. Downing. 
 
 Millinery— Mrs. Trayner. 
 
 PlAMOs AND Oroans— J. L. Meikle, Moir k Mills. 
 
 PuoToiiRAPHERS— W. J. BarHe, J. K. Cooke, M. A. O'Maara. 
 
 Rehtauhanth— M. Mathews, S. Cunningham. 
 
 Real B.state— J. F. Ruttan, A. Squier, (>eo. H. Macdonell & Co. 
 
 Wiley * Co. 
 Railway and Steamsiiii- Ticket Aoenciks —Hancock A Inglis, Wiley 
 
 &Co., F. R. Swan. 
 6ewin(I Ma(.'Iii.ves— J. L. Meikle, Moir k Mills. 
 Stoves and Tinware— Thomas Marks k Co., Wells k Emerson, A. 
 
 Clavet, O'Meara & Whitcomb. 
 Shu* Chandlers— Thomas Marks & Co 
 Stationery and Novelty -J. L. Meikle, Moir k Mills, W. H. 
 
 Arthur. 
 Teleorai'ii Ccmpanies — Canadir.n Pacific B«ilway Company's service. 
 Tailoring— H. Nicholson, Hodder* Montgomery, T. Wilcox. 
 Waoon Works— Taylor & Johnston, W. O'Meara. 
 (iovernment officiaus. 
 
 Federal — Political representative, S. J. Dawson, M.P. ; Collector of 
 customs, P. Nicholson ; Collector inland revenue, Geo. Ironside ; 
 Fisheries Inspector, W. C. Dobie ; Postmaster, F. Jones ; Immi- 
 ffr« ion agent, J. M. McGovern ; Resident engineer public works, 
 Wni. Murdoch, C.E. ; Grain inspector, F. E. Gibbs ; Timber 
 inspector, W. H. Davis; Indian agent, J. P. Donnelly; Foiest 
 ranger, John Hourigan ; Lighthouse keeper, John Cooper ; Har- 
 Vir master, J. Davidson. 
 
 Pru.incial — Politic ■ representative, James Conmee, M.P. P.; 
 Judge of district court, John M. Hamilton; ijheril}, James 
 Meek, (acting); Registrar, John M. Monro ; Crown attorney, 
 A. K. Lewis ; Police magistrate, A. W. Thompson ; License 
 inspector, W. H. Hesson ; Crown lands and timber agent. 
 Win. Margaoh ; Clerk of District Court, Chos. Kreissman ; Jailer, 
 Thos. Penfold ; Turnkey. Jas. Humphrey; Bailitf, J. Donovan; 
 License commissioners, W. J. Clark, D. McKellar and (j. 0. P. 
 Clavet ; Justiceli of the Peace, W. \\ . Russell, W. J. Clarke, G. 0. 
 P. Clavet, .1. F. Ruttan, W. C. Dobie, John Cousins and P. 
 Nicholson. 
 
 town officials. ^ 
 
 T. A. Gorliam, mayor ; *V. H. Langworthy, clerk and treasurer ; 
 Council, J. F. Ruttan, (Jeo. W. Brown, P. Nicholson, H. L. 
 Elliott, J. A. Fraser, J. E. Johnson, J. McTelguc, W. J. Bawlf 
 and (/. H Shera; Chief of police, Richard Nichols; Sergeant, 
 James Bailey ; J'atrolman, Thos. Squier ; Health inspector, 
 Richard Nichols ; Chief fire brigade, J. H. Woodside ; Solicitor, 
 F. H. Keefer; Engineer, Win. Murdoch, C E.; Assessor, G. M. 
 Francis ; Chairman board of health, W. W. Russell. 
 
 THE professions. 
 
 Religion — Protestant Episcopal, Rev. C. J. Machin ; Roman Catholic, 
 Rev. Father Hii'l»cii, S.J.; Methodist, Kev. J. A. McClung ; 
 Presbyterian, Rev. J. Pringle ; Baptist, Rev. T. A. Tapscott. 
 
 MEDiciNE-Drs T. S. T. Smellie, J. A. McDonell, W. F. Petersand 
 (J. S. Beck. 
 
 Luiw— Wink A Cameron, Keefer, Thacker & Godfrey, T. A. Gorhain, 
 A. R. Lewis and G. T. Ware. 
 
 Mining Engineer and Assayek— Chas. Kreisanian. 
 
 Land .Surveyors —Russell, McDougall k Russell, Walpole Roland, C. E 
 H. deQ. Sewell. 
 
 Education— W. H. Law, B.A , M.D., R. King, B.A., J. A. Stew- 
 art ; Misses L. Kennedy, K. Kennedy, Ella Healey, Annie Wood- 
 side, M. McKenzie ; Sisters of St. Joseph and Mt. Leven. 
 
 societies AND clubs. 
 
 Societies -Free Masons, Odd Fellows, Forresters, Knights of Pythias, 
 Royal Templars, Orange Lodge, Sons of Tompeiance, Imperial 
 Federation League. 
 
 Clubs — Keewaydin, Thunder Bay Yacht, St. George's Snowshoe, 
 Shuniah Snowshoe, Cricket, Lacrosse, Football, Curling, Tennis, 
 Philharmonic, School Band of Mercy. 
 
 INSURANCE RATING. 
 
 Port Arthur is classed " E " by the fire underwriters' association of 
 Canada, its class having been improved in 1883. The following 
 fire und marine companies arc represented in the town : Glasgow a 
 Ix)ndon, Imperial, Western, Northern, Queen, Caledonian, Com- 
 mercial Union, City of Loudon, Lancashire Citizens, London & 
 Lancashire, British America. .> 
 
Sportsmen and Tourists 
 
 IN PORT ARTHUR DISTRICT 
 
 \ 
 
 GET THEIR 
 
 Gamping, Jiunting, Fisl^ing 
 
 oocooooooo 
 
 oorioooooooocooo 
 
 and Exploring Outfits 
 
 "1^ MO Ad 
 
 WM. BISHOP & CO., 
 
 GROCERS AND ITALIAN WAREHOUSEMEN. 
 
 An litiportant condition of an enjoyable summer outinff is a stock 
 
 of suitable viands properly put up. 
 
 -) — 
 
 From Ions: experience with Anfiflers and Tourists we understand 
 
 their wants in this respect. 
 
 Wb Mal^B a special h^lm of Filling Order?, by Wire or H|ail. 
 
 .4. FOR ■+• -^ i* 
 
 ^ ^ Intending Visitors to tl^e JJepigon. <• ^ 
 
 (Which Hallook tarms " Klnr of Trout atraaMna."; 
 
 •^f* 
 
 P^ 
 
 Orders are Carefully Paeked and await 
 
 * Owner's Jlrrii?al at * * 
 vd 
 
 Pert Jlrtl^ur er Jlepigen Station 
 * * as lie may Direct. * - 
 
 ^-^r;:^^-.^^^^.^-.-- 
 
 We are pieuseci to answer any qaestions aboul thin District, and vvouiU suy- 
 - gest yovtr Holiday he lahen liere this year. 
 
<h%^^%dk.^M<^^^ 
 
 LAND 
 
 i:v i^ORo:^ ARO^jfUR. 
 
 -o- 'v^.^ 
 
 V 
 
 HAS FOR SALB AL.L KINDS OF 
 
 P0I(T ]ipUI( 
 
 Jlere Preperty in and Hear Tewn and Farm and mineral 
 Lands in tl^e Tljunder Bay Digtriet. 
 
 <J. F. KOTTJIJ^. 
 
 Grown Uuida As«nt for Thundor Bay District, 
 and prvparad to Looato Settlor* on Froo Qyant Lands, 
 
 ItEAL ESTATE A fNSlilfANCE, 
 
 W^^^^^ 
 
IT