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NMoocofv inoiuiioN rni chait 
 
 (ANS; and ISO TfST CMAUT No 3l 
 
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 /AP PLIE D INA^OE Inc 
 
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 t*oc''e«le'. New '■'" ' «fiOy vS* 
 
 ; .'ibt *8^ 03C0 Piom 
 
 IM6) .'« ^989 fa. 
 
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II .11. SirlJiDK.iK KlMi. K.wTiH. K. r, M. (i., 
 MiiiiKUr I'l Trailr ..ml ('■>iiiiiiiri<' 
 
 t^'HwNa-/ 
 
TlIK DKPAHTMKNT OF THADK AND COMMKIMK 
 
 -V ..*♦?; 
 
 nilAIN INSPKCTION IN (JAiNADA 
 
 II \ 
 
 R. MAGILL, MA.. Ph.D. 
 
 t'hiif I 'fintitn'oiitti' I ftniinl itt tiniiii t ' nm ni i-<\ntut i s fnf t'ttniiihi. 
 
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 ISM r.\> itv 
 
 TlIK DKI'AUTMKNT OK TKADK AND ("OMMKUCK. 
 
 (UTAWA, r.\N,\|i,\. 
 
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 \liF,i.t. r ..t I r iili ,>i>>l • ..11,111' ri>, 
 
 ) ttt.lVt.l, « .III.kI.I 
 
 NiH, In ■■■•.•..nliiiii. "111. v..iir nuii.t. I i..i>' .ill. iti|.li .1 ci, lli. |..l|..»intf 
 l»iif. - I., am ,. Iriri nil .111.1 ■.! Id. 111. ill. ..I- : li.ri'lliMu i/r.iiii in NVi -ii rii 
 t .iiui.l.i ill -.. t.ir .!• til.-. Ml. ili...|. iin ill. .iil.j..t 111. ill. r ..I 1. tfi.l,ili..n 
 I liii .■ till l...ii..iir I.. I.« . S'.iir- ..1.1 ill. iilK. 
 
 UHiintr M.\(iii.i„ 
 
 III. •ml nl I, nun ' '..wiiii ■••i"". i • ^ii ' .liil./.l. 
 
 I-.. HI Wll I MM. Ill , \l.i\ '., I'll I 
 

 ■}' 
 
 '^ -'.' «\« 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 Paoe. 
 
 Chapter 1. Marketinir Grain in W.'stcrn Ciinndn 11-17 
 
 " 2. The Inspection of (irain in Woi^tt'Tii i'linnthi lS-44 
 
 " .T Weifthinir (irnin in \Vi>-<ti'rn ('iiniii)a 4.1 51 
 
 " 4. Terminal Elovntorr. :>> 58 
 
 •' 5. Eastern Elevators .V.) 62 
 
 " fl. The Hoard of (Jrain ComniistKioners 63-64 
 
 iin)£x. 
 
 Board of (iriiiii Conimissioiiprs 63-64 
 
 Cars 16 
 
 Commission mer''hants 16 
 
 Co-operation 16 
 
 Elevators — Country elevators 14 
 
 Lake terminal elevators 52 
 
 Interior elevators .">4-58 
 
 Eastern elevators 59 
 
 Dominion (ioveriinient Elevators 57 
 
 Flat warehouses 11 
 
 Grades of grain lS-20 
 
 Inspection at Wiiinip«>K 21 fiS 
 
 Inspection into terminals ;l5-30 
 
 Inspection out of terminals ;W 42 
 
 Inspectors ' 20-21 
 
 Ixjadinjr platforms 11 14 
 
 Reinspection 35 
 
 Survey Boards 01 
 
 Tariffs ,.« 
 
 Track buyers -lo 
 
 Warehouse receipts r. 
 
 Weigliinp at country ilevntors ,-■ 
 
 Wei(?hinp at terminal elevators ... ,- 
 
 4i 
 
 ■S'*^^!^.:'-w'.' '•CSdSV'^i-i*' 
 
ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 Fij:iirc 1. A tint \niriliniiM- ]j 
 
 -'. A loiidinu pliiffdriii ):j 
 
 •!. A CLiiiilrv rliMitiir )-, 
 
 4. A t'liriinr"-. wnt'nii |- 
 
 •"'• I'lii' <'lii(t' lii-i tiir nf llir Doiiiiriinii -j-j 
 
 'i. CiiiiiKliiiii I'liciti.' l;.iilHiiy .viiril ill \Viiiiii|i'(f j] 
 
 7. A "imipliiitr >riiM»; ._.- 
 
 Writiinr the fr;iiii slini .,,; 
 
 • 'liiiiiiiiK till' ^iiiiipl"' liiijr- ._>; 
 
 S.jiii|j||iii,' till- c-iir ^n 
 
 Siirii|iliiii.' till' I'lir :;(! 
 
 CiilliM-tiiic till' "iiiMiilc- :;) 
 
 CliiiUiinr till' >imipli' nuinlur- :;_> 
 
 Si'iiliiiL' till' c'iir :;:; 
 
 'I'll!' iii-pcct(ir- iit \v .rl< :•( 
 
 li'-tiiiL: tlic> Hcijrlit iiiid iliickiis.'!' :;(•, 
 
 I i'>tiiiu tlic iiii.i-turi' ciiMtciit .17 
 
 Niiiliii^r tlic >.'rii.lc lick.-t MM th.' ciir :> 
 
 I'liloMcliiir ii ciir iit Fnrt WilliiiiM 10 
 
 ^'iiiMpliiit' ill thr tuiiii.l (,(■ til.' (Mivcrmnciit .•l(.v,if(,r (I 
 
 'I'iikiiij; 11 ■-iiiiipl I till- -tc inner |:; 
 
 Th.' iii-pcc-tor ill iliiii'i;,. ,,f the t.Tiiniiiil il.'Viiti.r- 1| 
 
 'I'lll' Cllill' \\'|.iM|,|||;|,t|.r ||, 
 
 'I'likiiiy till' >iiil riinnl I>^ 
 
 -■". Mcii-iiriii(r till- (l.-ptli ,.i irr^iii in tlii> i-;ir pi 
 
 :.'•'■. Wiiirliiiijr yr.-iin in tli< liriiiiniil .•[.■vntur^ :,ii 
 
 L'T. Tllr I'lrririll Miltr. l-'..rt Williiill! -,| 
 
 1'*. 'I'lii' Dominion < lovrrninriif cliA^itor. fort Artliiir :,:, 
 
 -">. I).-inn for I ho Intrrior ■roriiiiniil (loviitor- -7 
 
 ■'"■ I'oniinioii (lovorii nt oh'vufi.r. Ihilitiix ,-,i| 
 
 '■'•]. I >oniinioii < ioMriiinoiit clivntor. St. John i;ii 
 
 "•-. .Moiiiriiil Ihirlioiir lloiiril", olovntor ,;.> 
 
 !». 
 
 • III. 
 
 ■ 11. 
 •• IJ. 
 ■■ lo. 
 
 • n. 
 •• i."i. 
 
 • n;. 
 
 " 17. 
 
 ■ Is. 
 
 ■• 111. 
 
 ■ :.'ii. 
 •• -J I. 
 
 I'l. 
 
 .•>9^a<aeB?3K 
 
 7.>;; --.'^■•<i55S?31«CeiMrr)P*S«^«?S*BWe*- 
 
n ■ ■-.r'-'- • ' "... ,. 
 
 
 TIm- hi>;iril of ( ii;nii ( (itiiini^siiiiu.i..* fiT ( \in:Ml.'4 
 
 «•*.!.•:• ■•^yCEi!»- 
 
"::"^itrs-T^''«?"gsa 
 
("HAFl'KR 1. 
 
 MAUKKTIN(! (UlAIN IV WK.sTKKN CANADA. 
 
 FUt WarehonMt. — Whou itruiu wan first xhipiMsl fr<)iii WfBtiTii Cimada it 
 W8« hauled either in iuick« or l(«)se hy the furiner ti) Hat wnreluiiiscH, Imilt hy 
 irraiii dcalern at iH)intn alonu the railway line. The grain wax hoiiiiht hy the 
 doalen, utorod in the warehcmne and ithiii|><'<l in ear lotn for itale in \Viniiii>«il. 
 
 The warohoum! wbh a simple wixiden stnrehDUxe, huilt parallel with the mil- 
 way track. A imiWBKPway nenixs divideil the hmise iti two, and each end wa» 
 subdivided into bin*. The niachi'iery usually nmsistiKl of a seale in the passaRO- 
 way, a trolley for pullinK the nai-ks, and n (train eart to handle the grain in 
 bulk. Th grain was weighed. piUil liMise in the bins, and drawn in the cart to 
 the railway eiir (fig. 1,. 
 
 Klevutors were introdu "d shortly after the yi'ar isso. They were designed 
 to take advantage of the fiowing proin-rty of grain in bulk, and tlieir e luipment 
 enabled them to handle the grain niueh nmre easily tiian was |)<)s>ibli' with the 
 primitive warehouse. They grew rapidly in niiniber wliile tin' wareho\is(' prni-- 
 tieally disappeared. At [iresent there are in Western ('aiiiiilii. -J, .■>.">"< licensed 
 elevators and only 24 warehouses. 
 
 The Lokding Platform. — The elevators gave rise to profound <lissatisfaetion 
 among the farmers, and this resulte<l among other things in the introduction of 
 loading platforms. The platform is a wofMli'n structure on a siding on to which 
 a farmer can drive his team, and from which he can shovel tlie grain into the 
 ear. When the grain hos btvn loaded, he "mi either sell it on the sixit as track 
 grain, or consign it to a commission firm in Winniix'g to \»- sold for his a<'count 
 
 (fig. 2). 
 
 By using the platform he can protect himself from elevator maliiraetic. and 
 save the elevator charges, amounting to about ifl' i>er < ar. (In the other hand, 
 he has to secure the car, make arraiuremcnts for selling the grain, nnd load the 
 grain into the car with his owii labour. Some farmers do not, therc^foro. patron- 
 ize the loading platform, and others cannot easily uso it if they would. Farmers 
 who live at a distance of, say, ten miles from the tiding, or wlio have less than 
 car lota to ship, cannot easily avail themselves of it. Naturally elevator owners 
 do not look upon the platform with much favour, and railway oiuTiitors regard 
 them 88 tending to delay the cars unduly. Oi. the other hand, there are now 
 in existence some l.fiOO platforms, and applicptions for new or larger ones are 
 constantly received. Farmers undoubte<lly regard the platform as both a pro- 
 tection against the elevators and an economical way of shippi.ig grain, and this 
 appears to be llic case eVfti uhfrf- tVif-re .=t'r- ,r-..-,-.j-,-Tntivr- <>!rvnt^-.r- .".j-.<^rntcd hy 
 
 II 
 
 / _ 
 
tl 
 
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 til.. (uriiMT.. What |.r..|N>rti..ii ..f tlir L.tnl itrnin .hi|»|K<«i i« loiii|.>,| .>t<v lh« |iUt- 
 iormm i. ilirttrult l» .-timHl.-. hiti it i, pmlmhly nU.iit oiif it.ir.l of tiw whol... 
 
 Iht El«Ttt«n (»Ik. Ml, TIhti- hf.-, IK ■tiit.Ml. a.MN pU.vnti.f» VufMLfd in the 
 thrw! |.r.,viiir..«. riiiir ti.tiil .t..ruK.' .■iiim.itv i. i-iitinmt.Hl n. m,72rt.(X»o bunhfU. 
 
 •'*'" '' ""•"' ""• "*"'-• ''.v thr Ihxninl,,,, (i.,v.rnim-iit or tlir riiilw«,v .•.mi|«ni.... 
 
 Mild in AlUflH tiixt SNi.kHti-hi-wan iioiu' nf tlinn nrv ..wii.^l l.y Hip I'f..»iiiri«l 
 •ioviTiiiiifiit.. Th.- Miinilohn liov.ri,iii.h! ..wiii-.l ,ii,a ,,|Kriil«l n Hup .>) p|..v«t«r. 
 f..r H tiiiw. hut Mil...,|mntl,v I..,h.mI i|,. iii I.. ,i .•oii,|,«i,.v. Two or tl.r.«.< miiiiiiM' 
 piiliti.., ..M'«ritii.„t..l uith th. ,1, „U.,, hut not with thp hit|>|.ir.l ro«ult-. With 
 th.-v ..x,...,,tion.. ,.|| ihr .Irvi.tor, ,.rr ownr.l iin.l o,ht..I.-,I hy joumiPrriiil .•o,,.- 
 
 (.iitii..^ or f..rn.,T.' .-o o,-.riitiv,. ,:.,„, i,,, Wh.ii th.. f..riii,r fak.^ hi- Kr»iii 
 
 to nil .h.viilor I ,n oilh.T ...ll th.. uraiu to th.. o|H.r«lor. in whi.-h vnnt, it i. 
 
 'iiII.hI .tr.vt Kniiii. or ii.. ..,.i, hir.- ii hin in th.. ..h.vntor to k....|, hi. vrniii (liHtin.-t 
 from ..II oth.-r Kr.iin. in whi.h ....m. it i, ,..,n..l *,M...i„l hi„„„| ^,„i„, ,„ ,,„ ,.„„ 
 -tor., it with oih.r ^riiin of th.. -.in... t-rinh.. If !,.• .t..r..- tlip Kr«in .'ithpf in n 
 -IH.i.il or if..h.r.il hin. ho arr..ntf..- with th.. riiilway .-.mipBiiy for a .-nr, mxl the 
 
 ''''""'"■ ' '" ""• *"•"'" i"'" " "r to hi- or.hr. Wh..n th.. urain i- hmih.! h.. 
 
 .•an ..illu.r -..|| it on th.. .|".t a- tra..k Kn.in or -..,,,1 it forwar.l ..on-iKn.MJ .ui 
 
 ■'""""'"'"" '''"■ '■'"• f '""'l« th.. Brain un-a.k...|. an<) hulk I.Hii.llin^ i- uni- 
 
 v.r^al (Hit. ■»). 
 
 Diiutiifaction and Legulation. hor -. v.ral y..«n< th.. farm, r- w.-re ^mpr- 
 nlly .li,.ali.ti..,l with th.. tr..atn...nt th..y r...-.iv..| from thp .>l..vator .-ompanips. 
 
 '''"•'■ "'•'•"-'•-• tl l''vator. of all „.rt- „f malpra.ti....; of ,.nju-t wpiKhiiiff ami 
 
 ura.lin^r; „f ,,„yin^ pri.v. liuif wrr. t,.o h.w nn.l Pxa..tinK pimri:..- that w.-ro too 
 
 hiuh; of not ..!,.,.niny th.. u'rain; of rpfu-intf to ^iv.. -, i„| hi„-: nn.l of ,k.o|. 
 
 iMir pr.,tit-. killiiw .p..|ition. ami f..rniinK mom>|Mli..s. C.mplaint- w..rp 
 
 .lir...-i,..| „U,, „t„i„.t il„. riiilway -.mpani..- for .li-.-rimiiialinn in .li-trihutiiiK 
 •nr-. an.l a^ain-t hny.r- of -rain .or takimr a.lvanta^-.. ,,. va.iou- way- of thp 
 pro.lm...r. Thi. ,ll-„ti-f„..ti,,„ |..,| t„ h.>ri.|«ti,.n. From timo to tiinp I'arlia- 
 m..nt pM,v..| m.aMin.s r-.-ulatiiitf tl,.. hu.-in..... of hamlliiiir u'rain. Tlii- l.vi-hi- 
 
 """ '"'- '"•"■ ''"'■'' '" '''■■ ''"""'/" '>'"■" .)'/. an.l it i,„.|ml..- provi-ion. 
 
 ^''""" " "-tnirtion oi ,.l.H„rm-. Ii..- ration of ..h.vator^. tho .li-trihution 
 
 ot ..nr,. an.l th.. tra.lintr l.,.|«., „ .1,,. fnrm.r- ami lla. ln...k-lMiy..r- and ..ommi-- 
 sioii ni..ri.hanl<. It may Im. -iiniiiinri/.p.i as tdlow-: 
 
 (1) Platforms. 'I'h.- .\,.t provi.l,., f„r Loth ih. iMru.tion of m.w an.l 
 
 th.. impr..v..in..nt .,f ...xi-ti,,;; platform.. Tik.,, an appli,.ati.,n from t.-n rp-i.|pnt 
 tarm.r,. th.. lioar.l of (irain (•ommis.i,.n..r, invp-ti^atos th.- n..<l. mid It ha- 
 pow. r to orihr th.. railway ..ompany p.mp.riu..l f.. huild or Piilarir.. th.> platform. 
 
 (2) Elevators.- K .ry )Hr-on or ..ompany o|K.rntiiifr a ...luntry elevator 
 must tak.. ..lit an annual li,.,.n>.. from, ami HI., a hond with, thp board. The 
 
 hoani ,an su>p..„.l or .li.mi- tl rator. an.l withdraw thp li,...n-p, for provpri 
 
 vn.lation ot ila. .\.t. Th.. .h.vator .■hartr..s and tariffs nro TPjfulHted by the 
 
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 ill |)|<' ,\<-l. TIh' I'li'VHliir x-nlo Miil»l Ih' iii'lifiitil liv ||||. IiiImimI lt<*vi'iiU)' IVimrt' 
 liU'iit, ami Hmti' iiri' |H<riii<rii|ili> ti>>- vtiduu l)i<> mi>i»iiiH. <'li'nMiiiK, Mciiiliittii, 
 (crniliiiH. •lorthv. •■■••■ihI liiiitiinK mimI •lii|i|>iii|i of Ihf ifrHiii, Tliii |>liiiit, ti|i<'ri< 
 ti>>ii«. li<Hik» Hiiil ri'i><iriU of lli>' I'li'Midir iirr nil •iil'jol (>• iIh' iii>t«'<'li<iii uf tlu' 
 I'Otiril, wliii'li <'.iii iiiti'<ti(riiti' riitii|>|iiiiit>, •uti|>riiii witii<'»i'a hikI luHtk*. nml 
 lli||||||ll'>li'r lllr iiiilll. 
 
 (3) Cftri. Ill ri'tfiinl r<i ilu ■li.iril<iiii<>ii i<f •ur-, ilu- Ait U liioiit mi rlif 
 |iriiii i|ili' iltiit i\.ry •liipixT >'1 urmii i- i^ I'mtnl fur "iir wml iuiInkIv f'lr iiiurf 
 lliiiii iiiif. Till- fli'Vrttiif ■•"iiiiiMtiv iiihI till- iikIiv iiliiiil fiirimr uri- lfi'ii»f«l i-.|Urtll.v 
 Kiii'li i< iMitltlt'il l<> II I'lir III liirii iiml iiiiIhm|\ i> iiiiiilril t > iiiuri' ilmti ii mr Tin' 
 i^imliinirv for tlir ii|>|ili<'iiliMii nf ilii. |iriiii-i|ili' !• |iri'«TilMi|. the iiir "nlir l"«<>k. 
 iiihI tlii> iiH'ilioil •'( ii>iiiK It I'rnv i>i'iii i> iniiili' fur <|N'i'iiii i'ii-i">. •ii<'li ii< tlf 
 viilor« tliiit iirr ill iliiMtrir <>f lollutnintr. •••■I itriiiii. •Iiiiii|> uriiiii iiikI lnniinu itniin 
 
 1 4) Track Baycrt and CommiMion Mtn. Hi mu-t luUr <>ut mi uiiiiuiil 
 
 Ih'i ti«i' 1111)1 ni\f II liiitiil ill ••i'iirii> riii'> tiiii>l u»i' •iM'li fiiriiia III llii'ir ili'iil- 
 
 ini;- witli fill- fiiriiH r-" ii" ll.^- Ai-I |>ri-«i-ril>r", hihI tlii-v nn- iinili-r tin iitrul nf 
 
 (111- liMiinl. 
 
 Till- iiilitii il'iriiliuii iif till- Ai-r i- m ilu- humli •>( (In- lluiinl uf (iniin ('•mi- 
 iiii»-iiiiii'r». iiiiil llii- liiiiinl liii« II iiiiiiilH-r iif iii'iK-i'liir" «li"«i- vilmli' linir !• itiM-n 
 III iii«|ii rtiiiif tin- ilrVHtiir", iiiti-rvii'H iii(f fiirn "r«. Inuring i'i>iii|>liiiiil> iiml ri'imrt- 
 inc lu till- Imiiril. 
 
 Diuatiifaction and Co-operation. Tin- furttii'r* iliil tmi. Imui-vir, mm ri-ly 
 
 ilKil.ili- lur |i-«i-liltiiiii ; llii'> .1 I iili.ii.' lirl|iilltf tlli'ill"i'lv<-. 
 
 Tlii-v iiniiiiii/ril nil ii-"iwliitiuti (-iillt-il ■■Till' (iniin (iru«i'r»' A»«iH-iiiriMii," 
 Till. ii-->ii<iiiliiiii, III iiililiiiMii III liirrviiiif '<i\ i-iiiii|>niiiii- lur lrifi«liili"ii. i-ri-nli-il 
 nil iiiri-iH'v for -i-lliint irniiii ■-.illril ' Tlii- tiruiti <lr'>«ir«' (Irniii fniMpmiv." Tlii" 
 i-'iMi|iiiii.v liii. niiiili- II rriiiiirl>.il'lr -iii-i-i-«-. nml i« now Ilu- ^ri-nti-l i-uiiitiii--iuii 
 linn in \Viiiiii|M'if, It liii« I'oinrlit or Iniilt -uiiii' i-oiintrv i-lfviitur«. nml it liii* 
 InL-ii ii|i llii- liii-im-— iif tirniiiiiil -torniii-. ••|Krnliiitf i-lrvntor. "It" nml "I'." 
 jin-.-ii Irmn tin- ( niinilinii I'li- ilii- ItnilwiiN ( o|ii|>;niv nt Kort Williiiiii. 
 
 Ill nilililiiiii to till-', tin- liirimr- nl -■■virnt |iiiiiit« orirniuzi-il iMiiiiimlivc 
 • ■> iiiMiiiii'- til ii|Hrnli' ilfvntiir-. A fi-w ul tln-r •••inipniiii-' wirr -iiiM-i--riil. nml 
 tliuiit'li iiinii.v win- not tin- |irim-i|ili- of !• • o|n-rntiiiii \mi« lo-lir<i|. In I'Ml iln- 
 t'nrnii-r-' of Sn-kntrlii'wnn or^'niu'i-d n |>rovim-inl i-o o|Mrnlivi' ruin|inii,v with the 
 niil of till- I'rovim-iiil ( ioMrnnnnt. Tlii- i-oni|iiui.v i- nlnndy ii|>«rntinL' iiIhuit 
 l'iio ilivntor-^. nml now Inr^'i-lv i-ontrol- lln- whole >itiintion *o fnr n- initini 
 flcvntor- ill Sii-knti'hrwnii nr.- comTriHil. In l!tlM. Alhirtn inlo|itiil n -iih'lnn- 
 tinlly -iiniliir «y-tcni. Kxi'i-rii'iii'i' lin- nlrrnily -liowii tlint the fnriinr- of tin- 
 wi'^t inn "iii'ii-'fiilly oiiirnti- tlnir own c-oinilry i-li-vntor-. nml it trivi-^ no irronml 
 for l>i>lii>\ inir tlint tln-y ninnot Iniilil up nn orKnni/ntion o<' tlii'ir own wliii-h will 
 i-nnhli- tlii-ni to tnki- tin- (;riiin from tin- t'nrni nml plin-i' it in tin- linml- of thr 
 iniiiir or i-xpoi-ii-r. 
 
i 
 
 3 
 
 I 
 
 ll.-,» 
 
( IIAITI;U 2 
 
 TIIK INmI'H TMtN ii^ tiNAIN IN WK^^TKItN CANAhA. 
 DtfftrtncM la ili« ¥•!•• of Onlii M»i>y .«i»«^ nmy (iiji4rt» •h.^i f .t 
 
 III||Imi|( iHiri'Mxa 
 
 ' •' "•"* •"Ill ir i»iiir.-. .,i .,ttnr rtr-iil,, ..f „( voriuti. «„!. . ..f I.Bfl«.y, 
 
 •.At. a,,\ riH». ,,f .,..1.1.. .|»... .,»kl,, .(iirii.l, irarli., wil.l mu*liir<l. wiliI oaU. 
 |>i|»«.. I. r,.»«..il, ,t,„k»..i|. ,1. , ,f.'. N.,i,. ,>r it.«M- miiliin* •ri' liroiml by 
 • I.O mill.r ..f H...ir. »li«i.».r <nlii<' lli.v mav |m«>- f..f ..thir |.iif|»«.^ An 
 i»M|N.riniii iHirt ..r iM.i..ii..ii. ili.r.r.rf. f.l,.fr. t„ it.tmi«iiinx<. imwlly rnlUi 
 
 ■• llllllf fill' il.n'ttiiir.' 
 
 .' It iiMv Ih. fr.i. f»Miii M<lmiituri'«, l.iil .till lir imHt fnr niilliiktf. .illirr 
 
 IwH-miM. It i. Hir,^.|,.,| |,y ,|i„,,i«'- aiii'li ti. .Mint . Mf Ih'<'uii«< it tniti* l.xi lurgr 
 
 « r»r.'iii«n. ..f Mi..i.tiir.. wlii.'l, r.ii.l.-r. .t t...iitli, .liim|>. ..r wH ; ..^ I»^>iium< it 
 i« ilirl> ..r inii.iy; or Uhhiiw. it i. h-iijnif .ir Linliiir it. A w.'.>iicl imtK>rl«til 
 IMirt .,r ill |»-.iin« nliifi'. ii..H.ri|ii,„l, ,,, »|,„, ,. .„||„| ii„, ,.„,|.|,i,„„ „( ,h,. 
 rrniii 
 
 I. It iiiin !..■ tri.' fri.iii nil III. ,il»,t.. iiii.j .till var.v in vuliu' (••t tnillitin 
 |.ur|»,.... Tli.rr iir.' iiihii> vari.li.. ..f whriit. ilirri-rinir in their yi^U •>{ fl..u? 
 U.th 1). I.I r|iiii|iiy mill .|ii(iiitii,v Wli.iii Kn.wii na liani »iiriii|{ wlu-nt nmy .••iiitain 
 t.H. Iiirit. n |iir..nt.i|f.. ..f ..ili.r viiri.li.-. I.. I... urmM hi(h. Ami *\wn tlii» U 
 II..I Ihr .«..■. .litT. r. Ill '..I. ..f li)ir.l .|.riiiif whmt limy »Br> in wi-inltt fwr hiinhfl. 
 
 ill ••■il.mr. Ill pliiiiiiiiH'^.. itii.l tl .|iinlitiiu. whi.h nrr Ix^t f.ir tin- |>r.«lu<-tiiiii of 
 
 liiiili .III.. Il..iir Th.- .ii|.r. III. l.-t ..I wlinit i. it> milliiiif nti.l l.nkiri(r villus. 
 hikI. JikIkhI l>y llii. t..l wli.itl n. .1. jiv. rul l.y tli.' fiirim>r .li..w» inmiy mii] wide 
 viiriiili..ii.. I'll.. r..iilliiiir .l.i..... iir.. .nll.'.l '■ irrii.l.-.." ntiil .imilnrly ihttv nw 
 irTHili'. iif ..ill.. Imrliy iiml llnx. 
 
 The Qradei of Or»in. 7',. r„„„.i„ iir,„„ a,i .|iyi,|., ^r.iin into fiy#i 
 tf.ti. ml .la-.-, uhi.'li ji iiiini,.. : •• .\,, jrrinlf," " .■.ni.l.nin.il." " rrjiTfMl," " cont- 
 rniTiiiil (.Til |. " .'Hill ■• .liiliili.ry irT:i.l.' " 
 
 " .N'ci trr:iil. ■■ iiii'iiii> iill y.Hi.l uTiiiii Ih.it Im. iin .•<.•.■.. iv.' nii>i<iiiri', 
 t..ni.'li. (|tiiii|i .,r W.I. .If niliirwi'.' iintit f..r uiin-li.iii.iiiK. 
 
 " <'..h.!.niti.<| irriiiii" im'nn- nil tfrnln lluit i. in it licotinjf oniiilitioii i>r in 
 I'lidlv l.ihi.iirni, wIkiI.a.t ut.u\,- it niitflif ..iIi.th l.i- In-. 
 
 •' I!, jilt. -.1 tfrniii " ini.iii^ nil ifrniii tlml j. uiis.iiin.1. niii.ty. ilirty. .miiity or 
 .•|ir..iii..il, ..r iluit .'..ntiiiii* n Inr^. nilinixtMrr .if otliiT kiii.U ..f ifrnip. wt^\% .ir 
 wil.l ,,i,|.. ,1- from iinv ,,lli.r .'ntl'.' !'. iintif to he rla«»«"il uii«l.T liny of the rm-op- 
 iii/.-<i irriiilo>i. 
 
 '•r.iniiii. r.iiil jirn.l.'" iii.nn. irnilii whi.h, l.ti'iiiHr <if .•limntio or other oon- 
 <liti..ii«. .niiii.i* I,, iii.'lti.l.'.) i„ the irrnil.-i iiMvi<l«| f.ir in the Art. ^f<l^c 
 
 h«'in(r 
 
It 
 
 imrC.'uUrti ii »»i.-«i,. itMi ilir gt»m •>( ..iw vinr iim« mrt (ri.tn thai .»» tlw pw» 
 I'mtiin >r«r, >iimI •lial » |ir<)|i>trli»ii "( II l>wrrfi.rii •ntHfil t«t ilnill wilh uniirr 
 th* Kratlf* luiil i|.i»ii III iH.- A '. aihI i»h>.» l.r |>r'>>Ml>'<l f..r li» «rn<l"a i|<ltiii'<l dy 
 lb< Ht«iMl«r<l« Itonrii 
 
 " HlAiiiiof^ irfHil.. ' iiM.iii* ifruiti f.f III!' tiii{lii-«t urmlx i»>ii. Ii iirf ikniKti l.¥ 
 I'tflinHK'iil. <tti)u«|ii,| 11, til tifiiii. All. uti.l i|.. II..I viir, with thr .f.,|i Till ri' 
 
 rfti four ..f Ui.M (rru.l.. f.,r V|„„,i,,l.n .prixtf <«li..ii, il.r ». h f.r AlUrM Uf.| 
 
 •imI Whit.- Willi, r wlmil. uml i«,, I r All ■ ri.i Mi».-.| oini, r wli.'.ii In tli,. •Mnw 
 • nr lli.fr iir. .iiiiiiiMrv i|. (iiiili.ii. ,,l il.r- lnirjn •! nr.i'l. • ..f ..iil«, l«»rl.'», rv.- ititil 
 flitl«-n| 11,11. il,.' .i,iUif,,rN l.iiiiii,,,,,. .,,1, i.iih l« .liHiiu..! I.v I'urlmiiwiil. 
 
 riiPT till I).. I mrv Hill, \h. .r...,. I.iii ,ir. • .tmil Hi inii,. r> ml gfa>U-, .m 
 
 iIm. .illwr liMii.l, .ir H«.i| I.v it,. SiMi„|„riU lt...,ri|. iin,! m.n wtr> fr.,m >..ir l.i 
 yar 
 
 Whtrt Onin »• latptettd. firmii tfr..«ii in tl,.- «i-.| nml ■hi|i|N<c) I'lii' i* 
 ftr«l iti>|Hf't>'i| Hi Wiiiiii|»v, iiitfl lli.ii III 111. iiriiiiiiiil I". till-. Kurt Williiitn iiiiil 
 "■Iff Arthur I'h.' iiii'lli.Mla ..I iii.|a'.'ii..ii Mini Ihi' rilnli4iii U'twifii the ii >{»•<• 
 liiiii n( \Viiiiii|Mif mill 111.- I.riiiiiiiil |«Miil iir.' <|.>iill uilh in ihltiil Ix-low. 
 
 Tkf Hlimbtr of Oradtl. rnrliiitni nl liri» d. MmoI four ifr»i|i-« of w>>»li.rti 
 •|>rinif whi'lil 
 
 •»i,.. n„r.|. 
 No I N'orth.'rii. 
 No " Norlht-rn, 'iml 
 Nil. 1 Northffii, 
 
 ■ I" liiml ihri T iiriiil.'i : 
 
 Thi* StHiiihiriU lloiiril hii" 
 No i Norlh.Tii. 
 No. ,'« Nofih.rii. iitnl 
 No. tl Norihrrii. 
 
 Hut wh.ul of ai,\ of ihi -is ifrmh-- of .Vor .urn mii.\ full iiipI.t th.- ironirnl 
 ■•iil.'({"riii of "no (iriiili-," ■• ••onihiiinnl." or " ri'j.'.'ti.l " I hiring ih.' prfptit 
 ••■ii-on. for .■\iitM|.l.', Ihii-. iir> tn>- iliM-jon- of No. 1 Norlh.rii : 
 
 No. I \orllurii. 
 
 No. 1 .Norlliirn l>iiin|i. 
 
 No. I .Vorlh.rn Smutlv. 
 
 Nil. 1 .S'orthtrn ISijiitiil on nn'oiint of •.■i'il«, 
 
 No. 1 North. ■rnHij.-.liil on in-.ouiif of hint. 
 
 'I'll.' riil'ilivi-ioii iippli... iil,o to iM.I, of 111,. No.. ■>, a, J. ,', iinil tl. Thi« iriv<-« 
 tin f.wpr thiiti thirty ..liP unnl.- of »,-tirii -iiriiiK wlu'iit iiloni-, unil in thi- i«in>« 
 wii.v thrrr nrr thirty (frail,- of wi-tirn wintir wh.'iif. thirty irrnil.- of imtx. 
 fiffpon of bnrlcy ii ' ftft.-f^it of flux. 
 
 Importance of . : Qradei. Tho Kmin i^ -lonil in tin- t.rmiiml rli-vutor* 
 ill Bi'coriimicf w.ih (h, ttnuh-: trriuii of th.' -niii,' «rii.li- hi mit hiiiniMl tf)|rpthpr. 
 ll.-.» :.'( 
 
 .ra^^ « .■»' I . «.- •UjIL 'Ii ■ ii I ■' . •»' ■ 
 
 I ..i^':2=i' i<-_nt ^c^i^ 
 
IP' 
 
 »0 
 
 Kiilk «t.iriiKi' 1..V (frmlr, iiri<lniil>lr<ll.v .Iiciiik'h^. tl .«t of l.an.lliiiK. Tli.- volmm- 
 
 "I Kniiii iiriMliii-..<l ill \V,-.t.rii CuiiikIii U mi.1 that (.. k.vp s.-piinit.- .-very lot 
 woiil.l Iv ., practic.il iin|Mw»il,ili(.v. Hut tli< ^niiii i» not only ^tor.'.l l.y Kra.l.-, 
 if {■> also s,,l,l wli.illy l,,v urmU: In lliis r.-,|H..t \V..«t.Tii Cana.ja in uni.-ii... Tl,,' 
 
 ''""'"'" ''""" •'-' " rnirallv i„rniit,. I.nt r.ally pr.|,il,iis. iji,. I>uyin(f and 
 
 -rlliiKT of tmiin .•xiM ,,t n|H>ii .MrtitiiHt,., ,,f unidr. for whil,. ,i man may -rll on 
 •.nnipir, III.. Art ivfii-r. ihoM. sfora^.' farililir^ wliioli -ampi.- tradiiiir rcpiin'^. 
 I'll,. ^:-,„[,^. tli.rrforr. is not m.T.I.N tli.' I.a-is of ,torin(f, it is al-o lli.- ha-is of 
 Ira.liiiK Ihr (fraiii. If. tluTofor,., a mistake is n.a.lr in tli>. insp,vti..ii it may 
 mean a s.Tioiis loss to som.lMMly. And if tliorr is „ny d,.f..,.t wliatrvcr in tlir 
 
 (.'radiiitf sv-t.m. any d,.f,.,i ..iih.T ii, tli.- driinilions of tli,. «ra<lrs, or tl i.tliod 
 
 ■'1 applyiiiu' tli.ni. tlnre will Im' a uravo injtisti,.,. .|oi,.. to som,. „|„| prohal.ly 
 many, and a irr.at t-aiii liand.d to otla.s. To havo tlir grades rijrlit. an.) to have 
 tin. ins|K.etinir well done, is ini|Hirtant in any country wlaro irrain is jtrad.il: 
 
 and it is imperative in that eountry in which al the Krain must I..- h(,ii>:lit 
 
 and sohl on e.rtitieate. 
 
 The Grain Inspectors. The inspe, '..rs of the >rrain of Wctern Canada havo 
 II" easy or unimportant task. 'I'liey stand hetween two opposing interests, 
 farmers and millers, the former eomplainin« "f un.lue severity ami the hitt.rof 
 -•ulpahle h.iiiem.y, |-,,o,i th.'ir Hank is a third army of erities. the dealers, who 
 
 consider the jfradim; severe or hnieiit , rdin^' as they themseKcs are sellers 
 
 or huyers. They have to ii,s|Mvt an eiiorm.ms volume of ^raiii per car unit, and 
 in certain seasons they must work rapidly and .M.iitinuously diirinjr dayli>.'iit. 
 Tluy must never he hewildered. cith.r l.y the variety or cmtinuity in wircli 
 nature r. wis, or hy th,. multiplicity ,,f jrrades of which the terms ar.^ n.>ithcr 
 v.ry distal,,.! nor iinamhifruous. TIi.a' have few mc'lianical aids. Their s,n,es 
 must always he keen, anil th.ir .iudt.nn..nt always sound, for one error will he 
 reme..,iM.rc<l a^'ain.t years of etli.-ient scrvic... Tla^ir w,,rk is of supr.Mne iinpor- 
 taiK^e, for their vcrdii^t lixcs which rate per hushcl. ,,ut of several MiU't.'d on the 
 
 •narket. the seller will r ive. and th.' ;rrain is -torcd. transported, and sold h, ,1, 
 
 't home and ahroad on tlieir certificate. 
 
 While not und.T the Civil Service C missi,,i, the ^-rain -tatT is adminis- 
 tered ,ei a Civil .Servie,. hasis. X, an he appointe.l as in-piM'tor or deputy 
 
 '"~1 •'"■ »i'l"""f pMssinir examinations condu.'fcd hy a Hoard of KxanrMcrs 
 
 with th.. aid of the Chief l„s,,..,-tor of the Don o,,. The examin.Ts are experi- 
 enced firain mc. men of integrity, al.ility and standinj:. ami naai who. (homrli 
 wealthy, ar.. willing; to r.ial. r their service in th.. interest of the (rrain industry. 
 The cNamiiiation, arc' coiiducte<l annually, and they are thorough practical 
 t.-ts of ahility to «rad,.. rsnajly, thou^di not always, the canddatc's are ; a-n who 
 have hcen workin>r as sampI.Ts. track foremen, wci^dniien. etc.. and usually not 
 iiior.. than tifty per cent ..f th.. ,andi.laf,.s su,.,.....,l i„ pasMut;. Aff..r pas,inp the 
 
 '■"<•""'""''"" f' .in.li.lat.. is appoinf(..l on th,. ri.comm..n.lati.Mi ..f the Chi.'f 
 
 Tnspe,.tor. \citl,..r in th.. .xamination. fh.. r. iiiin,.ndation. nor th.- app.,int- 
 
 ""■"• ''■'^■" l"'li'i'-''l i-i.hrations ,ny plac... and this appli.., thr,.uf.diout the 
 
21 
 
 .3 
 
 ncrvii't'. Till' WcHtiTii Division riiii.i frniii tlii' (irciit Ijikr" ti> llu" I'm'ifir, iviiil 
 thi- KuxtiTii Diviiiiiiii friim tlif (Irciit l.iikco to thr Atlantii-, but tlic liiw iiiul the 
 pructii'i^ iiri' till' Huiiti' in iMitli. An tlic viirictirs of (friiin (jniwn in tlic wi'»t iirc 
 •lifftTi-nt froin thiw trrown in tlio ciist. tlii' itmiMH'tor-* of tlic one ilivi<<iiin hiivr 
 notliinit til (III witli till' trniin ^Town in tin' other divi-ion, tin- Cliirf Inxiicctor 
 iilofK' liiis juris<lii'tioi1 in hotli (ti|;. Ti). 
 
 Reinipection. I f tin- owner of tln> irmin, or liix representative, is dis-ntis- 
 tieil with the jfraile jcive.i liv the \Viniii|KV in«|Helor he eiin eali for a reiiisjiee- 
 lion. The jrrain i» tlien rein«pei|eil free of ehar»fe hv tile insi«'etor or thi' Chief 
 In-pei-tor. If tlie parties iiilirc-ted an- ~lili ili»s»ti-tie(l thev ean apiK'al to th ■ 
 Survey Iti.anl. 
 
 Survey Boards. In each in«peeti livision there ari' two Survey lioartN. 
 
 In the WestiTii there are the Caltrary ami Winniiwtf Hoarils. and in the Ka-tern 
 there are the Toronto and Montreal Hoards. Westtrrown (irain eun only he sur- 
 veyed liy the Western Hoard-, hy thi' Calvary Hoard if the ^rrain b"'''' wi'st of 
 Calirary. and hy the Winnipeg Hoard if the (train tfix's east, south or north. 
 Kast-(;ro\vii tirain ean only he surveye<l liy the Kastern Hoard. Western (Train, 
 for example, reei'ived at Toronto or .Montri'al. cannot he surveyed hy the Kastern 
 Hoards; the saniph' lor the survey must he sent to Winnipeg. 
 
 The .Survey Hoards are all ap|Hiinted in the same way. and all exeri'ise the 
 sauH' funetions. The na'inhers are neomnu'ialed in the Western Division hy 
 the Hoariis of Trade of ( alyary and Winnipeg and the Ministers of .\(j:rie\dture 
 of the three (rrain-(;riiwinv' provineis, and in the Kastern Division hy thi' Hoards 
 of Trade of Toronto and Montreal, and they are all ap|Miintei| hy the Hoard of 
 drain ('ommissioneTs. The rides and retrulations of the Survey Hoards are made 
 hy the (irain Coinmission. If the identity of the t'rain in di~pute has heen lost, 
 no appeal ean he made. If the iiispeetor's irrade is eontirmed. the owner of tlie 
 (Train pays for the survey, otherwise he doe- not. The verdiet of the Survey 
 Hoard is final. Once created, a Survey Hoard i- inde|Hndeiit duriiifr its period, 
 and in appeals its decision is supreme. 
 
 Inspection at Winnipeg. The iiradiii^' of the -rain em t he easily done 
 
 in the railway yards, rniforniity i- es-eiitial to Moc.d j;iMdiiit'. and 'f ilitTerent 
 iij-peetioii othee- were jilaeeil in the ili tfei'eiit railway yard-, uniformity eould 
 not 1,,. ,,, iVfll maintained. Kiivtlnr. siieh otlin- would he far fnan the place 
 uhere the ;;Tain is hou^rht and -nld. Shipper- ami loiyer- of ihe urain rei|uiri' 
 to he ill close touch with the iii-pretion ollice. Tlic actual yTadiiii.'. therefore, 
 and the is-uiiifi of the certificate- arc done in ollice- rented hv the (oivernmcnt 
 in the huildinjr of the (Jraiii I'ixchaiiL'c Sample- arc tal en froni the car. The 
 
 other details n — ary for the i — iiiiiL' of the .-ertiticntc- :irc collected in the 
 
 yards, and hoth the -amplcs :niil the det.iil- arc taken to the iiispeetion otliee in 
 the (irain Kxeliaii'rc. Vlfx. li sives ., view of the Canadian I'aeitic Kailway yard 
 ill Winni|ie(r during ilie lui-y time. 
 

 I 
 
 i 
 
 3 
 
 -.^^t^-'WISart*',': 
 
 ?.-vV! 
 
 . V.ZwV 
 
 1 .•^« 
 
24 
 
 .ud ^^Ir:!:;::';::,': ;;■•■ -r;"", • - ^ - 1-.. 
 
 ;»' • '..- ..-..::.::*: : :: , - ;•::;■•: '■;;■ •--," 7™- 
 
 -' .V ■>■> .".::.:,::,:■;:;';:::: ';-;; <-'- '■ • 
 
 til.. .TM,,. Tl,.. tran,, p,,. 1 vv " "" "■'"'"' "■"""r-rhili ,f 
 
 Sun..., ::;;;;i;: " • "-" • '•>■ -•"" - W..I. .., .,.., 
 
 Til.. -imi|il..rH wnrk iiPK,.||i..r 
 
 M ^"M^. in .hif,, „f ,.i^,., ,.„„^^ .,.,^_.^. ^^^^^^ 
 
 "■ «»n«> I,..,...,,,., ,.,„„ I,,,. I :. ■ ■ ■■- '•"" ""'"•- ||,...v «,„ 
 
 .-,. ,.i„, ,, f,„. , „ ," " "■";■"■;" "' "-^ ■•♦^•rt. r IK .1.0 
 
 •;•• ' ::;::::,,;:: :;^:::;,r'-'''^''' ■^"•-'• 
 
 k t.::';;:: :::i::/:" ""'•, "r"" -^ '■■- "-" "■- --- 
 
 two s..„,,,|,.r,. ■ "'"'*• ""••'' •'"••""". n-u„ll.v i.M.kin^. „f,,.r 
 
 -:>•":"::;:: '';:':;,:^,;:r '7; ''-^^^ ^"- ^ ^ 
 
 •- ' •••'--::::::;.;:,::'•;:•,;:'■,;:::;:;;''- --; .■<- 
 
 ">k- this lis, ,,. ,„.. v„r.l * '" ;7'^'^, ^"' " <""« ■ .' .1..- .•.■rti.i,.a,..,. H.. 
 
 i.Tk tiHT... T ; ... .. T li ;: '"'""" '"'""■' "■ ' '-"'^ ■■• t" 
 
 .1... ,1 ,« .. •;, H. ;: : r'"":""" r"'"'"^""- '- --'< ^^ "• 
 
 :-' """ i- ' r,iH,.aL :.,i . . 1 '' ;;i' '; T" ".' '■'"■'' 
 
 Tl rl,...' ; ,,r,h ''' ■"^'' «■"'"' "''-tl 1 
 
 '--'■■■'. -...iJ^:;;::i^^^^^^^^^^^^ '""- '--'-' ^ -■ 
 
 II- <Mn,pl,.r Mionn.s ,I„. ,„.,,|,.,, „,„„^, „ 
 
 'rnvs .„s ,.,,.;„„ „,.. ^„,„ ^„^.„_.^,, ^. ^^^ s..v . . , .f ^':'"' 
 
 Tl,.. s,,M.... 1,..,„,..,„ fi„. t,r„i„ ,„„l tl,.. r„„f „f ,1,. ..„, ; 
 
 -«;::V::;;,:-,;:;::;:,,: ,;:,:-;:;;', :'}:-z:z. ^Jt 
 
IS" 
 
 ^r^w^i^iaxpr~^^ 
 
 •.*-.: 
 
 ^A '^1 
 
Th.- yard .Mc d.rk writing hi- .h,-,.f. 
 
 Kig ». 
 
 . T^num^»^. 
 
I 
 
 £ 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 9 
 
 -r. -.2^,Vi£r»o£*i_.'._j --.^ ."Ot«it'..viJ:V. 
 
 :h'j>!tmmtHi*.xit.j«i,SMixugmiak ■ 
 
 isaMmms/wK" 
 
^^^- 
 
iii'kt'i li> ilii' oiirM "III." rtlii.li iii.MiM I1..I1I flip iii.(i«t iiiiii " Nii'li iiir« itri* 
 liMviKiiitiiilly ii<«|ii'i'tifl iir \Vipiiii|«'u. rtii . iir iiiiml.<r« uff •<nt »•> V'<r\ NVilliuiii 
 
 Willi ill^lnii'tinlia til lll-IK'.l ulilli' I » llltf llll li'tlllt <l 
 
 U-. f 
 
 ri'iiifiillv ri\T- iiri' ■ |'liitf(/i<l, " IiiimIiiI, tlmt 1- In -i\\. «illi infiiil t' 
 
 ifil >i>tiii' Im« irriiili' (;ri III |ii-l (In )ii-|i< t^ r In > hhihIiiuj il 
 
 I'ulM'ri' ill till 
 
 iiir rill' ■iitii|>|i'r iimv ilii.vir lln' Iniiiil. uihI >I Iir ili»'« ii"t lli«- m-pi ■ i-r nt 
 till' iiriiiiiiiil |Miiiii wiiiillv 1I..4 . I'liiL'jiiiir I- il l"-iiiu ttaiii'' Irir til"' «liip|"r, •■•r 
 ill!' «li.ili> ,|,r I- arailnl .ir.M.rilinu I" tlir 111 ,il\ "I llir v»of.l unmi fdiinl 111 it 
 
 If (111- I ;ir i. .Ill nil. I I V |.iir'ii i..|i.. ;i .iiiii|>l>' i. tiikni fHil .•!' iiii'li |.iirtili"ii. 
 • 'lliir« i"i' tlir iiiiil 'if i|iiMiitiiv f"r -imiiiliiiii 1- 'In- > .ic 
 
 Till- Ipii.-k f..r<iii;ii mil. Ilii- linhl. r. Iimh .mr II .ir ■|.".r hiiIiIh« itir 
 
 l>r.iliiiiB, iiii\i'» ii|i till' -Miiiiili I il. I.. ». . uri- .III ii\ . rnifi' |>iit • It iiil.i til.' -niiipli' 
 liMU. writi» ill., -iiiiii.li' li.kil. iii-iTl- ill. li.ldl ill ill!' -iiiii|tl. I mr. iii'l '"I 
 ilioi'i'iiilinir liiiiiu" III'- I'litf "Il ll'i' iiir il.H.r ilia. lli. 
 
 Hi- liiiliM' i» •liiiii|"il ..11 llif liiiils ..f III.- li.-Ui-l. mill .111 llii- f.H-i- III- wrili " llif 
 i-iir iiiiliili<-r. llii' iliilr. lln- I. .ml liii.-, llir inilinU ..f tin- -.nniil.-r. nml iiny i.iIiit 
 iinlntiiiii" ni-i-i-»«iir.v. ru. I> iik,iiri->. 1.-. SI1..11I1I imv .nn-»ti.iii» iiri-f liili-r iilmiil 
 llir -iitiiiili-. till' tii'kil «liii«« wli.i iliil till- wnrk. till- ii..tiiti..ii-> iiiiiili- III till- limi', 
 iiimI till- iiiimi- iif llir fi.n iiiiiii n -|>.iii-ilil'-. 
 
 Wlirii till- -iiiii|iliiiif i« liiii-ht-il till- lull?" iin- i-..lli-.-ti-<l 1 lilt. l.'i. .'i.iiiili <l, mill 
 i.iki-ii III llii' < i..vi-riiiiiriil iiltii-i- ill tl, - Mini. Till- iiiiiiilii-r-* mi tin- -iiiii|ilr lirki-N 
 in- i-li<-i-kii| «illi till...- 1. 11 till- triH-U •li.i-t li.v tin- i-ur ..iViri- i-li-rk ( titf. |:!l. nml 
 li.itli till- •miipli-K mill till' -lii-i-|. iin- «<'iit imiin-iliiit'-l.v In tin- iii«|»-i-li.iii ulliii-. 
 
 Till' i-iir «< iili-r fnlliiH < till- -iitiipli r-.. il.i.iiiit iitiil -ciiliiiu- lIu- i|imf«. Kvitv 
 i-iir i« -i'iili.<l 111 llii' sliippint; imiiit I'V tin- riiihvny nifi'iil. Tin' ..li.jr<-l nf «'iiliiikr 
 i», of i-iiur«i'. Ill priitri-t till- ifriiiii mi tin- wn.v. At WiniiiiMV mily 1. i.. i|..i.r of 
 ilii' I'lir I-" ..|Hin'il. mill tlii-n-fiiri' mily mir "i-iil I* lirnkrii. i'lir i-iir -riilrr r«""riiN 
 thiit iloiir. mill till' 'I'liU lire nut tmicliiil iiiriiiii until tin- i-iir i'> pliiri-il iit tin' 
 i-li-viitiir In 111 unliM'kcd ( tiir. II). 
 
 Winn till' -mnplr- n-arli llic ntliri' tln-y iirt' "if mil mi llii' tHlili'-« iii'i-unlini: 
 111 niiinlii-r. llm-i- i-inlimr in H-L'-t. rli-., Iirinir pit tniirllii-r. Kin-li iii-|«-<-liir tlirn 
 liiki'~ lii- "lii'i-l. till- -niiiil mil' prr|iiiri-il liy tin rnr i.lliri i-lrrk, nml pii-!-> mit lln- 
 Tiiipli-- ill.' iiimili<-r- of wl.ii-li i-.irrr-p..ml \< ilii tin- iiiiinl.i'r^ mi lii« -liri-t. nml In- 
 plii.-i- llniii in Inriii' I...M'- in r..tntimi :i- lln-y np|M'iir mi llii' -lii-i-t-, 
 
 llir iiiHpi'ctimi pr..|M'r llii'ii l.i-irin-. A- l'iiikI litflit i~ •"•-i-ntiiil t.i ^rrmlim.'. 
 llic in-iM-rlimi iM'L'iii- iil ',1 n.tii. nml finl- il ". p.m. Tin' n..rlli liulit lii-iiiL.' tin 
 I'l -t. ini-li in-|M'i-liir ilur- lii- (irniliiitf nt 11 m.rlli wiml.nv Miir. I.'.). Tin- in'ttinl 
 LTniliny- run mil.v In- il.iiii- l.v n li'v'nlly iiuiilitii-il miil iip|Miinti-il i'illn>r 11- ili'puty 
 ln-|K'('ti.r or in-iH'iti.r. In-pi'itmn turn- nininly mi tiin-i' pniiit-: lln- i|nnlity uf 
 
 till' LTnin. tin mlilinii. nml tlir nilinixtiirr-. Tin' i|iir.lit.v ilipcmU mi >minilin"-<, 
 
 i-i.li.iir. w.'i(ilit a.nl tin- pi-ntiitiiL'i- uf iiiinl ulniil. 'i'ln' ..imlilimi ili-|«.'mU iipmi 
 
 iniiistur nti'iit (wliii'li in ilmilitfiil rn-c- i~ ti>-ti'il nii-i-limiii-nlly 1. Innt. r-ti-. 
 
 Tin- iiilinixtnri'' iirc tciti-il liy 11 pr.M-i'-< i.f -ii-vimr mnl \vi-i(iliinir i-nllril ■.I'ttinir 
 till' iliii'knirt'. In tlii-i prm-i'ss litlnT tin' i-li-nin'il ^'rnin ..r lln- ri'^iiltiiin -I'ri'i'ninir" 
 i-iMi 111' w.'itrliril Until im'thiiiK nri" |M-rini.i,'.ilili' mnl Imtli trivi- i;i-i.|iriii'y. At 
 
^'f^r^ 
 
 
•MM ^JKnt'. 
 
 iBB^cjiiaH'rM ,'.vniu i ii»i Tt ■!■■ 1 1 iiiiiwwpihi ■ 
 
<h.. k.Mi, th. .,.i„|,l.. „.,.,. 1-r. «,th l!,.- !r. ,.t. ,1, i!,.. ,;.r,l ,4»,t„ 
 
 ► •« l:t. 
 
 »>■--■»,■,. ■.,v>^ 
 
I i54--;i 
 
 rX.'^VII.' . K^fl 
 
•*' T- .^■"' Wl^r-^y r.'- 
 
 • Ivitoil 
 
|OTU..lHi^^HH^HUIBS^^^H^^KV^nmja^W. 
 
 as 
 
 V'iiiiii|N-(f the *>r,^„\„u' iir. «.M>fli.-<l. wl.ilr at Fort Willium tl.f c|paiii'«l trruin 
 
 Vig. 1»! hIi..w> ,.n.' iimii l.-liiiK the wiIkIiI [kt iiniH-rinl hiishol. iiii<l iiimtlipr 
 »i«fvii!)r f.r diM'kiiK<'. mid tiu. 17 -how:, tin iiiol«turr tcHtiiit;. 
 
 When tiir. ^niiliii,; U tini-h.'d tli. -.iinpl., iirc put into tins with tho -.mi-ple 
 n.;,-'- ;,..,! „|,„...| ..v-.trmiiti.'iilly in sh.lvr-. Thrv ,ir." k-jit so l,,nif a-, it U 
 <-o.:-i.|,n.| ; , sihi.. that thrv may h.- ro.mlr.d. and th.ti thry ar.' sohl. 
 
 III.' n,- ..(tor"- «hc.|. ari' handod ovir to the chrind >taff. and th.' ri'cords 
 ■!•■•■ MMdi'. ,,|.-' or icr.i'li-iil.- of t'ra.li' is-nrd. 
 
 i...pection into the Terminal Elevatort. I'p till th.. pn-.nt th,. main 
 M.-p..-tion point- in tho Wo.t.rn |.n,Hon havo I,.,., fal^rary. for jrrain p.i..K 
 w-sl, of that oity, Dniuth for hond.d ^,rain ^oin^. .o„||,. Winnipo^ for all ..a.t- 
 K<nuK Kram. and Fort Wilhan, and For. Ar.hnr for ^^rain K'oin^r out vf tho 
 tfriiiinid ihvalor-. 
 
 All ..a>t»foinjr «n .-in^- throu^rh \Vi, ^ i, ;,„, „,,i j,, Winnip.p. 
 
 Ih,. rars an. .arnphni th.r... th.. ^.rain i- ,n.p....t..,l thoro. an.i th,. \Vinni,.o»: 
 
 '""•"■'•' '""'■" '' "'-■ '""I'li.artM-- of th,. ,n-p,T,nn. Th.. pri Lj,. -I of 
 
 Kra.lu.K .> to ,.la->ify ,1,,. u-rain for hulk .tora^^. in th.. terndnal rlevutors. The- 
 
 md.vulmd lot „ narr-.l i.i th.. hi tai.nntr jrrain of th.- sam,. ^^ra.h^ ..nd hulk 
 
 stor.njf hy ^,.,nr I..,,.-,,, ,h.. ,.ost. As th.. -tora,'.- is at Fort William, th.- insp..,- 
 t.on at Ununp..^: fa.-ilitnl,- ,h.. nn|oa,|,n« of ,1... ,,„ . and th.. work of (ran- 
 IK.rtat.on. W.r.. th,. ^rrain insp,.,i,.d at Fort William a.al not at Winni,H^g. the 
 ™rs would hav.. to h.. h..|.l p..„.iin;r not only th.. sampling-, insinvtinp and issu- 
 
 ...K of .•..rt.H..at,.s. hut al. -.ihl.. .I..n.an.ls for r..ins,„...ti,u, an.i appeals. Hv 
 
 iu.sp,...t.n»f at WinniiM...'. tin,., .s uiv.n for all th...... an.i also f t th.. -al.. .,t tho 
 
 trrain hy tho tina. th,. ..ar- r..a..h th,. ..h.vat..rs. 
 
 Th,. Winnip,.tr insp,...tion p-vrns th.. st..r.,.-.. in th,' ,.|evat,.rs. ex.'opt in 
 cases of cars l..,.|,h..l t.... full for 
 
 h.H-n : !u»;jr..d. .-ars that ha 
 
 pr.i|),. 
 
 v.. Kill Ut of 
 
 iiplinn 
 i,lit 
 
 at W 
 
 innip,>(f. ,.ars that have 
 
 tion has l)...,, ask..<l. 
 insp.i.t.ir ,l,.nianil...l. 
 
 ...MulitDn. .ir ..ars up.ui \vl 
 
 ■r an ap|M.ai t.. th.. Surv..y R.ar.l from tl 
 
 1..I1 r,.iiisp,.,- 
 
 li,. V(.r.li..t .if till 
 
 If 
 
 a rL.ins|K.cti.in is aski.l. it is 
 
 tional charp.. If an apiMal is maih. 
 at F.irt Will 
 
 is Kiv.n at Fort W 
 
 liliam wi 
 
 th.iut 
 
 any a.l.li 
 
 Idi 
 
 to th,. Survey Hoard, tl 
 
 lani. an.i th,. -iirv.v i- 
 
 Will 
 
 I.I 
 
 iam sanipl. 
 
 on 01th. -r t 
 
 Soard, tho ear i- rtsampled 
 h.. Winnip,.f.' ,ir the Fort 
 
 Th 
 
 ins|H...tion olhi 
 
 th.. .ithee at F.irt W 
 
 I iiiiiiii,.^ -.iiiK. .■v..rv ev 
 
 1111 iim:. hy ..xpr.ss train t. 
 
 aft... thf. ins|i..|.ti 
 
 iiliuui a sh,.,.t showiii- the ,.ar nnmh,.rs. th,. frrado and lioek- 
 
 ■ r - notation-, th,. -1 
 
 whom th,. ..ar is hilh-d. j.n.l ih.. niiml.r of th.. in-p....tor 
 
 "I'l'iiif; I t. the ili.stination. th,. party to 
 
 ur,; hr.ik.'u up at W 
 
 ,.,.rtitii.at. 
 
 As t 
 
 rams 
 
 shei't has t., 1.- uia.l.. al Fort Will: 
 
 iiinip,.H. or li,t\v,.,.n Winiii|K.fr ami Fort Will 
 
 lani, a new train 
 
 Th 
 
 ami from th.> WinniiN.jf sin 
 
 I't is mail., from tl 
 
 le ..ar In 
 
 lis 
 
 t. and i; shows the Winni|K.>f sluH't niinilier, t; 
 
 numher, the (jra.le and notations, th,- ,.I,.vator to whi,.h the 
 shippitig point. 
 lir.4— ;!A 
 
 car is sent and the 
 
viW'LJ *> ■-'?-! 
 
 •^mBstiiaBriSK':mi<aB»Jx^fisas^^ 
 
 'A - .^•^■.ri-i 
 
. JC;.«iLli<f::rvi^^..te; i^M 
 
SSP* 
 
 ^"i:^. 
 
m:'\. !^mmmm:^m^^^i^>m^;Mib^'imm^ 
 
 ■4* /Rjj 
 
 :iu 
 
 A (rrHili- tiiki't I. ilifii iimili' out I'l.r ijuli nir iiiiil tuiiliil to tln' lar ( ti«. 
 IH). Tlic t'raiii is ,i,,r.-.| in tliv il.'vutor u.inr.liiiif t>< tlif uriu\f shown on tht. 
 lii'lvit. iinl('S!4 till' I'lir liiiH to lie rciiia|N'.'ti'il. 
 
 Ill' curs arr tlun swil,-|i,.| to thr iJitT.r.nt .l.vnlor-. 11 tiiiiii Ixiim' pla I to 
 
 note -inns of leaks or lininaiff ciMHcd liy tlir ^witiliint;. 
 
 Ki^f. 11> hIiovvs a car licintr niiLtail.".!. In^iilc i- a -liov.il.r liol.liiiK hi- sli-.vil, 
 
 "iit-i.l,. is n man inanipiilatinu ll„- .|i..vl l,v .•al.],-, an. I an in, |..r is takinit 
 
 a -ami>lc of the irrain, 
 
 Tars Unit have Imtu 1 M for iii-|i.ction, or npoi. wiiii'li a r.ins| tion or 
 
 snrv.y has \,i;-u ask.d, or that havo jroi nt of con-lition, or hav.- I..vn |ilni:i;"il. 
 
 arc all satnpl.-.! and insiMM't.sl whil.' hrin;; iniloii(iri|. A- a nil,', .x.-ipt in Ih.'so 
 i-a-c-. the Kradi' (fivin at Winniptv remains, 
 
 A tluily report of all I'ars nnloaihsi at .a.-li ,l.\ator i- th.n ma.lo. The r.'port 
 shows the earr.vinif eompiin.v, the ear nnmh.r. the .late, the Winnipeg sheet 
 
 iinmher, the Fort William sheet numher. the t'ra.ie. the lioekatte, the seal r .r.l. 
 
 the eomlition of the .'ar (.iamaires, leak-, hulkhea.is, ele.). the load l^ne. the 
 ins|K.eti>r's notations as to urad'Mt;, .'leaninn. etc., and the wei>;hman's notation. 
 
 One eopy of this rejHirt is irivin to tl h'Valor. one i- ,eiit to the Chief 
 
 Ins|H'etor, niid one is retai I in the inspeetioii otfiee at 1-ort William. Th.> 
 
 irrain is then taken into store, an.l hii I with other irrain of the -ame trrach'. 
 
 Intpection out of the Terminal Elevators, (iradini; the irrain as it is 
 
 h.'inK loaded out of the elevator, into th.' lake steamer- presents s,,, lilHcMllties 
 
 not f.K|HTieneed in Winnip.'ir. It is easi.r to seiMire a lair awra^'e sample of 
 the >rraiii in a standintr .ar. than to seeure one out of a mass of i;raiii rushinj; 
 
 in s.'veral streams from a hnire elevator into a .-t.'amer. Further, tl ar san.plo 
 
 in Winnipetf i^* (.'faded in th. ntral olH.'e and not in the railway yard, hut 
 
 Krain heiuK h-aded into a steanar must he i;raded there and then. To sample 
 the Krain. send the sample to a e.ntral otfiee anil trra-h' it there, mijrht mean 
 that the wront' ^rain would !.,■ loaihd into tia' ve-sel. and the st.'aimT started 
 off with jfruin diff.'r.'nt from that called for hy the -hipper. T.. mdoad ^'i-ain 
 .mt of a vessel at Fort William wouhl h.. dilli.'ult, as there ar. no marin.^ htjs. 
 and to delay the steanaT would aild to the eo^t. The -rain mu,t !..■ jinided as 
 it runs from hin to hoat. 
 
 All iii«|>eetor with assistant, i, pi d in eharir.' of ea.h .■levat..r. and le is 
 
 held res|H.nsihlo f..r the irradiii- out. The yrain is s,„nple.l at thre.. pla.'es ; in 
 the tunnels as the irrain runs from the storaire I. ins to the working house, on the 
 floor of the workinir house, aial on the steamer as it pour, from the shipnimr 
 hin to the hold. Fiir. :.'() shows la.w sanlplin^' is ,l,,ne in the tunnel, an.l Iil' Jl 
 shows h.iw it is done on the steainiT. 
 
 'f any itraiii is s.-en at any of thee pla.vs which i, 1. ,t up to the rc.|i:ircd 
 (rrii.l,-, th.. stream is stopp.>.l instantly. Whil.. th.^ -rad.' is civen l.y th.' inspector 
 ill .'harire ,,f tlie elevator, all th.' thr.'.' samples ar.' ,.'nt t.i th.- ins|«.,'tion ,,tli.'e 
 in Fort William an.l examin.'.l there !ii this m-.v tl!.' .^i-.,'"'- ',- *\::- :..^.-. -'-r 
 
:^ vp-: 
 
 mm. 
 
 irMf)mMsm"''miim. 
 
mmmsm^^ij^ 
 
 43 
 
 ir> thi. ..|..v,il..r i. ,l.....kr.| l,v tl,.. «r,i.|,i,u ..| i|„. ,„.,„...t.,r «K., 1 Uurgv „( «t| 
 
 the iiiM<vti>ii ..t tl,- ,.rtniii,il I-.. 1,1,, Mr S>„„, , fi^. jj), .\ -ninpl,. ,,f ,.v,.ry 
 
 .•.ir»f.. with tl,.. K,,ri WMIiMin ,.„|».t. , „U „t I., il„. Ch^f h.-invtor in 
 
 \Viiirii|n'(f. 
 
 Ni viiim ,,i (wt- i,t (iiiMN Is. I'll 1M> IN Wcssifni khmm IIMK) rill. Il»i;i. 
 
 •"•"• :)-.A75 
 
 '"""■< 1^1,.^ 
 
 '"""^ :,:.:„H, 
 
 '""■-•■' . . ri (11,- 
 nl.Ul'j 
 
 ''•<«'•» »..:-!».. 
 
 """•^ .o,:i.Mt 
 
 "'"^•" rtiMTS 
 
 'f''''^-" *i.^.m 
 
 ""•'■^ .W,I.TJ 
 
 '»<"*-'» s7,!OT 
 
 '""""• 111,..!): 
 
 1!""1' ItiO.T.I? 
 
 "»H>^ ITfl.Joi 
 
 1»li!-»^ iH».o:s 
 
 ■>.^,j'..''k 
 
-«p?-*^ *• 
 
 /* b 'I 
 
 I 'i-'.i'iti 
 
»^> : jmsm^ 
 
 t 
 
 
 -T^r/ 
 
 ■ L' 
 
 ?ii 
 
.'tix^^tm 
 
 ( IIAI'TKU :i. 
 
 WKHilllN.. i.i;\l\ IN \VI»llli\ ( \N,\l»\ 
 
 All .iniii- w>ikIiI« iir'' 
 
 HN.r'.iiii I'l «liiii|>i f" ■'< uniiii 11" 111 iiinii'' ■I'mlii. 
 
 .\« III! rfri(i|iii« kim- llir |.ri..- |« r liii«lii 1 tin- .|,i|ii» r ri''>*i- lur l>M itruiii, ••> 
 
 till' Hi lllllllllf tin o till' lillal Mlllnlllll ll llllfl 111' ll'ltllllll i|, Imsti ti r, lllllt t Ullllilit 
 
 liii- In 111 iiiiiri' .in 11 -.fill III rivif'l ■ Hfii'liMtf niiiii 111 ritfiiril !■. »i iiilmiK 
 
 1 1 I" I nil' I lull »< luliiiik- urn Ml ii|i|i< iir. in i i i iirii li i niu r iii;'lii r llum Kri«l 
 thtr ll '■•> ri'ttil llii' Hi'iKJii nil II .I'lili' 1. •iiii|il< I iiiiipiiriil »iili •.iiiti^ilinu H"' 
 i|iiiiIiIn, rninliliiiii iiinl ihIiiii xl iiri . i>l irrmti. I l.r >>iii' iipiHiir. Ill 111' II |iiirrl.v 
 iiii'1'liniiii'iil |iri 
 
 llllll I'llli III' iliMH' I' 
 
 v iiiiv mi' wliii i« II 
 
 iil.li- I., null, fill- ..lliif 
 
 ri'ijiiiri'. iii'i'iiruii- iilixirviiiiuii, ■ xix-rl kiiiittliiliti mul >iiimii| jiuliniiiiii 
 
 n 
 
 ii<«, iiitwi'Vi-r, i« 
 
 hot tt ftiir ^rttli-itiitit i»f ilir 
 
 III fH*-t, tt 
 
 II- ■ttit't't'it 
 
 fill 
 
 ir|/iiiii/.itMii ill' 11 »i'i|{|itiit{ i|i'|iiiriinriil in Wr.ii rn I'linnilit i. 
 Iitliiiill tii>k iiiii|i-r till- ii.Miliiiiii. tliiiii 1. pri'-i'iiii'il I'.v it,-i»i'lii n 
 
 iniii'li 
 
 I ( 
 
 iniiii I. riii-i 
 
 nil iiilii iiliiiiii 
 
 iHi i'iiiiii!rv I'li'niiiir., Ill 
 
 ll it 
 
 lulii'il 
 
 ill I'Mr.v ili'viiiiir. Iii'>|i<-<'tiiiii, nil ll tlii-r IiiiihI, i'< i-iiiiiiiitriitiil iit i f w 
 
 otm; 'irii' iKiiiit*. 
 
 '-'. rill' iiH'ii will! wi'Icli till' urniii ill till' ili'v.iinr- .in- iiii|ili-.' . i- nf tlu' ili-- 
 
 viit'T i'i>iii|iiiiiii"<. Till- mill wliii urmli' lln' irriiin mi llir nllirr liiinil iiri iiii|iliiyi'f« 
 
 of llic .tnliv Tliii i. 
 
 ilii'iil ililTi-ri't I" 
 
 till- imm. Ill wi^trliiiitr, iiiii* 
 
 nf till' iiiii'r)''<li'<l (iiirtiii. ijiif. till' iii'liiiil iv> rl<, in urnilinir, miiln r iln ■■* it. In 
 till' hriiiiiiiil ili'viitiiri tlwri' i. pri-.i'iit iiii i'iii|ili'.Mf nf tin ^inti- in -iiiu'rvi-r tlni 
 iitliiT .vi'iirliliinii. I'lit I'Vi'ii ll'i. i. piiilii'iillv ilitfi-riiit fmin ilu' iiiitliuil nf iiiiiifc 
 
 ;i. Till' (friiiii i- wi'iifliiij. II. II mil', iiflir it ii>»- intn ilir ilrv; tnr. wliili' it 
 i. KT.iil.'il liifiiri' it ifiii'. ill. I'lirtlnr, if tlir irpmlr ifi\i n !■>• tlir ii.»|n—tiir it dml- 
 li'iilfiil. lliiTi' ii nil ii|i|Hirt.iiiit,v fui- riiii.iK'i tiiiii iiinl iiiiim'hI. Imt if tln' wi'iirht 
 irivi'ii lie i'l|iil1i'iii;i'il. tin ri' i. niri'Iy. if I'Vi-r, «ui'li iiii n|i|H.rtiiiiily. A Int nfuri'd 
 
 liy it-ilf ■.<'|inr:it<'ly I'lnilil 'u- ri'Wi'itfln'd, if thiTc liii> I n m, linkiiifi' In'twri'ii ttii' 
 
 ri iviiiif pit 1111,1 till- Willi-, or Intwii'ii tlii» .i-iilo iiiiil tin- liiii, hut in nil other 
 
 I'li-i'i, mill tlii-Kc iir.- till iimjnt'ity, ihi' ifrniii i. Iiitiiii'd with otliir ifriiin. ami it 
 
 it Im 
 
 i!ii-.l. 
 
 riii-«i' ilitTin-iii'i"* liit«i-i-ii ■■ ui-iifhiiiy " mil " (criiiliiiir " iii iii-tiiiilly 
 
 nil .iri' fniiiliii'iiiiliil. lull liny 
 fiii-lnr\ uiiifliinL' ili-piirliiniil. 
 
 it till' only ilirtii-iiltii'. ill tl 
 
 ir wiiy nf ii *iil i-i- 
 
 Tlii- .I'lili"* ill tl iiiitry ili-viili.ri nro npprn'iil ami lii.p«'i-ii'i| 1., tlu' 'iiliiiid 
 
 Ki'vi'iiiio Di'piirtMii'iit, ami tliii vvnrk if ly.tininti 
 
 'll'r IMapI'l'llnli I 
 
 -* 'rrv III !l- 
 
 ilt. Tl 
 
 iiTi' 11 ri' '*<> 
 
 iniiiiy i-li-viitnrt tli.il tin- ni-oiirliiiiMl nf Iiilmiil Itr 
 
 111 lln Will if it niminiri'il fn .ii'iiri' nm 
 
 III in>pi-llin|| nf 
 
 rm-li -<-iih' IMT 
 
 But oiii' iiHpi'i'tioii i^ totally iiiiiili'iiuiitr lo iho hiihU nf tin- work. A 
 
i 
 
 ^y^^y 
 
 w 
 
 Mr Wl.in, ((.nr \V..,t'li 
 
 ^'hWlA*»»«^. 
 
47 
 
 ..ult irm* l.«. VI r> iu.il> aii'l r....|i|. fill ...it ..f ..nUr. wilI ilwr. iimt .«»ur uimv 
 
 • <i|m|iI|.,i, III U„. ,\nitU,t lliMl «».,i|.'.| nmUr Ihf tuiBliI iiiiju.l, itiii lli.,iitf|i ttiA 
 «. nl» win- riMlil. Kiirtlii-r ililfti ii|li>'< ari*« fr-.m fhr t"w>>t»litv ..f .'ar tUmHKe 
 «i"l Irnkaifi- ..f pilfiriliK, ntiil ..( tnriatM.tK iMtwnii l>i<> « hI.-., I» Hi .,f wtiiih 
 
 liBii- li.,ii iii.M, »,.(! ttiiit ii|,|,ri,tii| 
 
 Wtlghing at rooBtry EUvaton. A' -iiiIkI hIh.v., iIk ..til>> at, itiMH'«(i-<i 
 
 Iv (ii,. fdliiiiit ({"♦Milh- Ik piirtriii'iit lu.l t\„ i4.liiiil wngliiMir |. i|,.ti.. ly llu- 
 ..|«r,it..r ..t t|.« i.|i»iii..r 
 
 //.. r>ln.l,/,| (..,|,,i 1,^. 1,.«.MT. illla S..I1I. =..li.ll!i fri>»u<l Willi till- .,|.j,. t 
 
 ..* t.rut.'ifiiig iti. .hi|.|«r ^..•ii..ii i:,« |.r->ul.^ ilun ' |»T.r>n. iiiirn'>l.<i in thf 
 
 •♦HKhi'itf nf Rrnin iii iiriv ,-.,iiiitr.v •l.>va)..r •hall Iimk- lr>- , r** l.i lli.- „a\,-M 
 
 wliiiii •,11.1. (jruiii i« |.. 1 in ■•-. idttiiHl." Tli»' sliililM'f, tlurif .«». rail siiiirrvi..- llw 
 
 wi'igliihtf if li.. .Ii I. i|,, .,,. Atruiii. itn- A. t |.ft.w<l..« a i»imliy f..r fnl-ifvitiK 
 
 ■ ■r nil ■i;ilMitf til.- u.iiflii, i...,fi..|| '.•111), niiit in si'ftiun IT' i( |ir.iviil<a f,,r .-m 
 MiVr.tiM.iii.iii \,\ il,.- |!..iirl .1 limin < '..iiinii**iiiri>'r>>. 
 
 Ih' .-■.liiiiiriiiif till' «. iKlit «if (I |..t ..f Kruiii Hfirr flir urvin lui. I.ifii •t<iri.<i 
 w.ili i.ili.r KfiiiM. .r till" lilt flu . I, .t,,r iilt..iri ti.i r, i*, li.i»iv.r. a iii.«i i tmiti* 
 i'.i\,,T\ affair. 
 
 Wtifhiag at the Terminal EUvaton. WliiU- ihiro «r. .tnir ». itrluun ni 
 
 «..ii.i ifliir ,...iiii» iiiiilU .iii.t i-iiMi, ■.!..ini,.r. i, Il i« ill til. tj'tiniiii.l .l.-val..r« 
 II. .if ill.' ..iiii. |i,i, .|,i,„ iii,,h| 111 ti,.' iiiiillfr ..f wi'iifhiiin: tlir w«'lKliiinr .Lpttrl 
 II. .'Ill till, it. 111 .i<|.)iiiiri. r^ III. r. .11,. I ..fli. ,«| .■.'riiti.'nl.» .if Wfiiflit iir.' ^\\,-n 
 
 II, .T. 
 
 111.' t ill. f \V. iirhiii.i-ltr I fit! L';ii j,(i- .liiirB.' ..f nil i|i<. wciiflii.,ir. i.nl.'r 
 111.' Il...ir.| .1 (;rnii, I ..iiitni»..i..!i(<r« lli> .ititli..rit.v in iinitlfr* iHrtniiu',; t.i 
 rt.iKliiiiK !• miliar 1.- Iliiit ..f lli. ( lu.'f ||i»|«.. i,,r In niii»l.r« iHTlHiiiiiiir ff> 
 i rii.liiif 
 
 l!v ,111 jirniiiit.tin.iif rii..il. !.■ Hi. Miiii>t>'r« <.f tl.. \:\., iN'tmrtin. nt-i (■..ii- 
 .■rn.'.l, 111.' ( hiif Wiii.'limii-'t.T i« al-. tin' ».'uU iii«|N>.'l,,r iif lli*. fcrniiiial |Miinl. 
 In ili,^ wii, hf lm» iiutli.iritv Imlli a» ri.|{uriU llu' ■.'uli'a nnij thp wcidli.nir Tlu- 
 1 '.ii<lili..ii» l.>r ii.'.iinif.' *i'i(rliiii>.' nn-. th.'r.f.ir.'. In-tti-r nt tin- f.'rttiiiir.l ttmn ,ii 
 ..til. f i'l,'v,ii.,r«. IIk -.'al,., nr.' Iiirir.-r un.i iii..ri> !r.-<|ll. nll.v < \ uiiiii.-.l The 
 . I.'v iil^r- i-r. [il«.. iii.ir.' Iri'.|iu'ntly i saiiim.'.l f..r leal; nit. •». >l.' I h. r.'.'..ri!- nf 
 l."t|.'r k.i>'. mill till' actuiil iM'lKl.iuir, fli.niifli li.nc Kv nn .•m|.l..,v.'. ..| llu' 
 ' liiiii.^ ^ «U|Mrvis.^l l.y an .'niiil.'.v.'i ..f tli.' «taf.-. 
 
 \\ li. II a .'ar r.'U. li,'-. fli.' ilcvat.ir .iMint.', il it I'xiiiiiin.'.l |'..r i!.'|..u ..r l.ak- 
 ,11.'. -. n.l ,1 r.'.-.ir.| i- kipt if «iicli iir.' f..iiii.|. i.f th.. .nr iiiitnl..r an.! tli. i'. u.'i 
 li'.ii, A ■..111 r.<.-..r<l i- al-.> tak.'ii i liir. -.'H. Tli.' .l.'plli ..T th.' i:r;iiii in ,li.' .'nr 
 i« in.- i«nr>'.l anil rii-.iri|p.l (fiir i'.li, nn.i flu' I. .ml lin.' ii..ti.| Tin' LTiiin i- tlun 
 mil. .11. 1. .1. rlfval.'.! t.. flic lii[.|i«r iil.in.' lli.' «.':il.', an<l wi'iirlii'.l l.y llif .■i.tii[iany'- 
 H.iBliiiin.i un.li" til.' ..tiMTv iiti.iii iif thf <i.iv. rnmi'iit w.itrliiiiaH i tij.'. ."!). A 
 draft li.'k. f »h.i\vlin.' tin- anioiiiii wciylii.l i» piin.-lifil l.v lli.' h.'hI.' r.'L'i-tir .\ 
 r.'f'.r.i III til.' w. ii'lii i- tiii<ii>. ami u|k.ii tin- Hi,' .•.■rtiti.-ali' ..f wcit'lit i- i-sui'd 
 
ims3^?¥'^m^ 
 
 if^^^^r'9ie!i7«iii^i^v8; 
 
1154—4 
 
 -M 
 
 ^^ 
 
 S*.DtV 
 
 i^]^-"^ 
 
j^s^^sMiMiiL^-f!7m -mpm^ii^^m 
 
%■. I 
 
 rt^fe ^-'¥^ 
 
CHAPTKH 4. 
 
 TKllMINAF, KI^K.VATOItS. 
 
 The Lake Terminalt. I'Ik' tiriiiimil I'lm^itur^ Imvi' up ti I tin' pn-M-nt l>t«n 
 nil liuilt at Kurt Williniii iiiiil I'urt Arthur. Tln'v nrc fiilli il " trriiiiiiiil,'' not 
 liiM'iiiiT tlu'.v lire situiitiMJ nil liiiii' Su|MTiiir. .ir Ih'imium' tluy luivi' l.ii'ii huilt »t 
 till' liiki' trriiiiiiiil yiiril-i nf tilt' rnilwii.v lliic!", luit Ih'i'iuhc the ii *|i<'('tiiiii of wcslcrii 
 itriiiii vtu\* lit tlifiii. 'I'lu' Kfiidi' tfivrii ii» it It'iivi'M tin' i'li'viitiir> at tliiMc (Niiiit!* 
 i« lilt' tiiiiil jrriiilr. tlic Kriitlt' on wliidi it i- ^mM iuhI tlt'livi'n il, Imlh in I'liisti-rn 
 ' iiinilii mill tilt' fiirt'irfii niiirkfti. Kn^lirii iii-pii'tnr-i Imvi' imtliiiitf tn ii'> with 
 till' Kf'i'liiii! Ill' wf-l Til K>i>i<i 'li'> lire ri'^lriilfil In llif cn-ttrii prcHliict. [ii 
 
 llic \Viiiiiipi(f (iriiiii Kxi'hiiii;; iiitr.ii't-* iiri' iiiiiilf iMi thf I ii-is of di'livcry nt 
 
 Kurt Williinii unil I'nrt Arthur, niiil ns in the irnclintr -"i in tin' (rnnliiijj. Tlio 
 P'liiit ot ilt'liviTv, iiinl lilt' point of Hiiiil iii-pi'i'tiini. iirt' nt tli • hirtfi' I'lt'viitors nt 
 lln'»t' iioint-i. 
 
 Anil tlit'-f iHiints iirt- well tittt'il to ho tfriiiiiinl point:*. ' 'ht'v iirt» tin' iMiints 
 III wliirh tin' riiilwiiv liiii-^ nnil tlir hiki' -ti'iiiinr^ cnii nio>t oii-ily iiit't't. "'loy 
 iiro. thrri'lcri', iiinl will ri'.nniii tho chiif tnin^iHirlntioii iirtcr ■ hotwi't'ii Kiist niid 
 Wi'^t. It ii siiiiii'tiini'> iiiiil tliiit Cnniiilii liiir* piir^uiil n ini-'tii %rii polit'v in Iniilil- 
 i'l^r till' hirni' tirininiil ili'vntor-' nl tlio licml of tin- hiki'-. and that shf shoiiltl 
 hnilil tliiiii rather at th.' .\llantic port-. 'I'lii- viow l^lr^'^'t^ wo iim-t iiii|iortii!it 
 
 Ii niii«, that ;if iii-piMti.iii. iiinl thai of altfriiativo iiiiirl-i't- and roiitfs. It 
 
 woiil'l 111' vory ciilHi-iili and ixpin-ivi- to havo the in-pt'i'tion and dciivcry at the 
 .\llantii' TiiporN. and to -toro rraiii at tin-f |Mirls | ('1111111(1 ,il" would limit th«> 
 -illcr to Knroptan niarUit>. lii-|Mi'tioii of wi'-tmi iiraiii on i ho dono more cffi- 
 
 rii nllv and iiioro o niii'idly at !■"> rt Willi.iiii .ind I'ort .\rtliiir. iinii trrain 
 
 •^Inri'd llnrc can ho >old .illnr in Ka-lcrn Canada, iho rnitid State* cir Kiiropo. 
 iind he -hipped throiifli either Canadian or I'liited States e lannels. 
 
 Fort Williain and Port .\rlliiir are well -itiiated for liolli puriio<es. IFfncp 
 the terminal elevator-' for ea-t-piiiiL' urain have l.ii'ii Iniili tliere. And these 
 elevator- have u'rown hoth in nniiiher and e.ipaeitv with the trade, 
 
 Thi> fillowini: i- M li-t of them:-- 
 
 I'ln 
 
 Th. 
 
 In' 
 
 Craiid 
 
 We-liTIl 
 
 ( 'on-olidatid 
 
 The Fort William 
 
 The Oirilvie 
 
 The Ciinmliiin T'aeiti 
 
 The firiiin (irowi'r- 
 
 The Ka-tern 
 
 The F.mpire 
 
 Kolir W M.I.I \\i. 
 
 Hush 'Is. 
 
 Triiiik I'ac-itie i'llevator, eapai'ity i;,ii(ill,n(IO 
 
 l.noD.noi) 
 
 l.T.Mi.iiOii 
 
 l.T.'ill.lltK) 
 
 I.lim.oon 
 
 \^" ■■ ■■ T.:!.".(»,noo 
 
 L>.. -.00,000 
 
 I'.iin.i.ooo 
 
 1.T.''.n,ono 
 
 
 1 
 
 m%*?^n-^ i- %■ 
 
I*'|RT ARTin R. 
 
 Ihi' Diiiiiiiiioii (idv.riiiiiiiii KI'Milor, <'ii|Miiiiy. .. 
 
 TIh' Port Arlliiir 
 
 The Morn mill Co, « 
 
 Till' 'riiiiiiilir Hiiv •' 
 
 H nht'ii 
 
 :t.L'.".(i,(Hii) 
 
 !l..M«l,lllMI 
 l..'.IH).(M»ll 
 
 lofiil i'ii|iiii'itv 4(> 4:i,'i (NX) 
 
 lefiiUtion Affeotinf Terminil Elevtton. Th. t.Tini>ml ..:,.v«tor. linmll.. 
 a lurK,. ,M.r.M.„t«K,. of tl,.. tol„| ^rnin moI.I. Th,.ir o,H.nitio,. „«,•.,« .-vrry wruin 
 int..rt..st i» .1,,. .-ouufry. furniir., ,l...,l,r- a.i.l inill.T.. Ih.y hrv.. a.vor.linKly 
 U-,.!. .ul.j..t..l to kivM Hiriiliny. H.r,.,. ..ritii-iMn and .K-tail,.! l,vi,lation and 
 tlmt n. r.««rd u. almost oviry ,.|.„.,. of fh.ir o,Krafion,. Co.nplaint. Imv,. h.vn 
 
 din-t...! «Ka.M«t thrtn as r.var.l. th.. tru.tworfhinrsH of tl.o„ .rating th.-n. ■ 
 
 tariffn and rhar^,.,; ^...,.1.., ,n>.l w.i^l.f.; th.ir m.-tlimU of storing, l.innii,^ nnd 
 
 "'"••'""•'= '•'"'"'"'»■' " ry\„n: loaning and inixhw; and th.-ir a.vum.dation 
 
 ..f HurphiM..,. Ami the l.virlati.m jrovrrnin^ th.-m has h.vn d.si„m.,l with explicit 
 refwii.-.. to th..«. romtilaint-. It may l.c siiminariz.Hl as follows: - 
 
 1. liceniei. Bondi and Iniurance.-IVrsonH pro,H,sin^' t. own. lea!«. 
 m«na»r,. ..r o,H.rat,. terminal elevators mnst sin^ure the approval ol the Board of 
 
 (.run. Connnissioners. Fnrther. tl hvators are lieens.Hl annually, and the 
 
 Hoard ean nvon.mend the revocation of the 1 n.e in .-ase of pr, ven violations 
 
 of the law. Kaeh lieens.-,- must tile with the Hoard a hond to Hi, M„ji>Hty con- 
 dUiomnl for the faithfnl ,K.rfonnMn.e of his dnties asatenninal varehouM-man 
 and his full and unrestriet..! eomplianee with all laws in nliition thereto. 
 And every t«>nninal warehouseman must insur.- the stori^l (Train , , gainst fire in 
 eompanies satisfactory to the Hoard. 
 
 2. Elevator Tariffi and Charges. -All charges for storin^r, cleaning, handl- 
 ing and the insuring of ^-rain. indudiiw th of riK-eivinj: aid deliverifR 
 
 arc sul.jeel to sm-h r.-pulations or reductions as the Hoard dcn.s pro,HT. Tl,,, 
 chnrnv^ are Hx.hI annually. Durin- the Hrst w.vk of Ser-temher the companies 
 file with the Hoard the rates ,|„.y ,,ro,H,.e to charj:e durim.' tl,e foilowi„K vear 
 nnd the Hoard holds „ p„|,|i,. ,,.ssion for the p„r,K.sc .f hearing- ol.jections to 
 the propositi rates. 
 
 3. Grades and Weights.- As >,., f„rtl, „l,ovc the frradin^- of the (frain both 
 into and out of the terminal .•levators is <l(me under the supcrvisjoi of the state. 
 
 4. Receiving. Storing and Shipping. Tl,, (amvl,, Cmi,, A.t i.,ys down 
 .•ertain provisions (rovennmr the r.r.ivinjr. storin»r nnd shippiiifr of the « ain. 
 and the iiisi^vtors and otlicers ,,f th.' Government in tlic elevators see that the 
 hnv is conformed with. 
 
 5. Cleaning, T—'lg, etc. The inspectors detino what percentage of admix- 
 ture shouhl he ••lean out of the >;rain as r.veived. and the actuii eleanimr is 
 
 SS3im!?' 
 
uiiilcr tlu'ir Hill. t> I ion. '/'/ic Itmada (Imin Art |iroviilr< fur lln' i-KintM'iixiition 
 to lie piiiil, if niiy, to thi' owmr of tlir trrniii for llii' •iTifiiinu". 
 
 6. R«riiti«tion and Cancellation of WarchouM Recciptf. NVhcn Rr«iii i* 
 
 rt'i'fivtil into »torr. u wiircliotiM' r ipl i-. i-.!iiiii| for it to tin- piirty drliviTinir 
 
 the ifriiiii. I'liiK ri'<'i'i|it «tiili'« the iilacc, tlii> iliitc, tlir .lii|i|iiinf i»iiiit, tin- luinip 
 ol till' ow HIT, till- kiiiii iiijil (xnnlr of llu' ur^iii. tlio in't wriijlit iiml tin- I'lir luiinU'r. 
 
 Tlii-i ri'.i'i|(t i« -iMit |o til.' rciri«lriilion ..ttiic of tin- lloiir<l of (iriiin Coin- 
 
 ini»«ioiii-«. It in tlii'ii I ipnriNl with tin' iii-.|»'i'tor'- ri|H,rt of il iir:4 iinloiuliHi 
 
 lit tile I'li'viitor ill i|iii«tii'ii. mill if foiMiil I'orrii't it i* ntri-tinil. On tlir r«'<'<'ipf 
 of tlir hill of liiiliiiH: tlif riiiipt i, jrivm to tl.i' owiiit of tdi' Krniii. 'I'lif ri'ffipt 
 it tlii'ii mvotiiilili' on tin' iiinrkrt. iiml it iiiii iiUo io ii'<ii| »* rolliiti'rnl M-i'iirity 
 for II loiin from iho lunik. 
 
 WliiMi irniiii in loiiiji'il out of till- rii'vutor. llif rrcfipt rcpri-cntiiiu it iniiHt 
 lit) pri'>rnt<Hl to till- r<vi»lriitioii ottii-i. for riiiii'i'lliition witliiii -fM'ntytwo houri, 
 cxi'liHivt' iif holiilnyn, of the loiidirnf ,,f tlic trriiin. 
 
 It in ohvioUH tliiit till- rivi»triitioii ri'ronU -liow tlii> totiil iiiiiintitics of tlio 
 vurioiiH KrniiiM liy wtikIi-^ nii'ivcil into uml •hipiH'il out of tin- rli'vntor. TIip 
 innpoclion iinil wri>rliiinf iltpiirtiiicnt- iil»o |ki-ii'«^ *ucii ri'ronl-. -o tliiit ii foin- 
 plrtr rliri'k if* Hi't'liriil. 
 
 7. Annual Stocktaking. In tho nionth ..f .Vujm^t, .viry yiiir. ofR.i-rK of 
 tlio Hoiirtl of (iriiiii (oiiiniissioinT* tiikf «toi-k of nil tin' ttriiiii in iwh clcviitor, 
 iitiil .st.'itcini-iitf* iir»> niiiilf out ..liowiim tlir kinili, tfnulr* iiml wfitflits of (frnin 
 in each iinusi'. The ri'tfi'tnition I'ji'rk^* tnlilc tlii- rcri'iptn iiHiKnl mid riim-rlli',! 
 ilurir.t; till' year, iiiitl tlii' surpluM>< iiiiil -liorlii|;i-i in tin- I'lcvntor iin- ilctrriniiud. 
 
 8. The Dominion Oovemment Elevator ( Fii;. '-"^i. Tin- iriMtion mi.l 
 o|MTiition of a liirtfo trrniiniil of tlio Doniinion (ioviTninint stroiiBtlii'iis tlir lon- 
 trol (.xi.ri-i!<(>il oviT nil tlir il<vator-i. It nivcs tir.st-liaiul knowUiirp almut tin- cost 
 of construction ami operation, aiiil alioul every pliiisc of the l.iHinos of the 
 puhlic storage of Kri'i'i- Karnier« can now ship tlu'ir (rrain either to an elevator 
 oiKTiitcil hy the (iovernniciit or to one opernteil hy their own i-oir>pan.v, the ( irain 
 ^irowcrs' (irain Conipmiy. or to one owned hy the ("miadimi Pacific Railway 
 (oiiipaiiy, or to any of tho~e oiNrated hy coniinercial companies. 
 
 Interior Terminals. Tin n-lriiitinn of the ranama canal and the Hudson 
 
 Hay railway have rendend i e—ary the provision of elevator and in^prctioc 
 
 facilities for ^raiii shipped hy these route-. 'Ihc value of the new routes is s'lll 
 a matter of i|uesrion, and can he i-tahii-hid only hy experience. The freiirht 
 rale- hy land and sea. the marine iu-iirance rate-, the lenjrth of the period of 
 navi'jation tlirnu'-'h the llinl-oii -trjit-. Jinl l!ie irfe.-l m| the heat upon the conili- 
 tion of the K'rain -liipp'd In Inilk \'a raiiiiina arc -till micertain, and tlii- uncer- 
 tainty renders it ditficnlt to ilenion-trate how I'l-t to provide the inspection :ind 
 elevator facilities rci|iiirisl. 
 
 Two methods were possihlc. One was to hnild tenninal elevators at the 
 
 IFudson Hay and I'acitii i-t<. and ei|uip and operate them as the lake terminals 
 
 nre ei|nipp<'<l ami operated; tliat i- to -ay. with all facilities for the iuspeetioii 
 
 WEnw^m^ 
 
 

mul ImiKlliiiK of ti,H,„. W.rr thi. tm iIi.mI iii1.>|iI...I .liiitiM-n "f gT»\u mh thn 
 
 II.-W MuttD woiil.l Ih' nlil<' to .ton- uruiii at t»M. llmUoii Uay or IWiti- ii.t«. 
 
 «ml ufH>ii null' diliv.f it from tin' ilivHior. thin'. 
 
 Hut to »t»r.' itriiiii m .itli.r of tli..«. ..m-t. |i.'M<iiiiK .aU- wouht |>ut ii uta^v 
 ri.k iiiH.ii fill. thipi.T. Mr woul.l Ih. Iimiti.<l |<> ili.. (.x|i..rt rnarki>t ami t.. «i... miiIi-. 
 «ii<l to It rout,, ii, whi.h unknown, iin.l n.lv.rw- <'on<lition« iniKht »»• .'n.-oiint. ml ; 
 aii.l thf. gram .oiiM not l«. ,n.Mi.v hro.whi l,».k from cithiT .-ooHt and .l.i|.|»..| 
 ••.i«t. Stofinjj irraiii |><n<liritr •iilr on tlir AtlMiiti.- M'nhourd woul.l invoh.' fi».-r 
 ri.kx. yet i>lii|i|H'rx do n<it .tor.- at fh,. Atlantio ■MalMinrd l.ut pnf.r to utor.- it at 
 intiTiur (MMtitN lik,< Fort Willnuri nml I'ort Artlnir. I.n-nuw ..f tin- larif.-r nunil«'r 
 
 of markftx o|M>n to ih.m from tli inU-rior |».int«. To provid.- inM"-*! and 
 
 .l.vaUir farilitir. on tli.' Ilud...n Ha.v and Pai-iti.- i-oaM. would not giv.' .illi.T 
 rouUt a fair trial. 
 
 Tin- wHM.nil mctli'Hl ha«, tliiTrforc. Ut-u adoptiHl. tin- im'thiHl, nam.l.v. of 
 .•r...tirnf «t th.' llmUon Hay and I'a.iHr .M.H-ti. traii-f.-r olcvator* similar to ihow 
 at Montnal, Halifax and St. John, and U-rmiiial olcvatom at gtrat.^iii- |H>iht4 in 
 the int.rior, Caltrar.v. Sa.kat.K.n and M.Mmi.jaw, nimilar to thp ••li'vator* at Fort 
 Willinin and I'ort Arthur. Th.-.. «v.. i-U-vator- arc now iM-inir r<.m.trurtiHl. Tlio 
 cl.vHtorH at, Califar.v, SaHkat.M.ii and McH.iMJaw arc U-itijr o<|uip|MKi with full 
 iniiiKH-tion fttfiliti.x. Th.*o thni- jHiintH, thcnfor.-. will !«• terminal |iointM in 
 th.' nam.. M-nHc in whi.h Fort William and I'ort Arthur an- terminal iH.int^, and 
 th.- thrtv elovutorM will Im- owikmI and J>|).-rat<Kl hy the Dominion (iovernni.iit. 
 • ■rain ntori^l at fh.-s.. tx.int* will he availabh- for shipment via the Panama or 
 Ifminon Hay route* xhould thiw.' Ih. mon- p<'onomi<'al. The elevators at the 
 
 Hudwin Hay Hnd I'a iti. a«t will he al»o o|M'ratnl hy the (iovernment, anil th.v 
 
 will U. provichd with ^utti.•ient storaife nipaeity to handle the irrain shipiNd 
 throuifh them (ti(f. '.MM. 
 
 The elevators at ( ulitary. Saikat.Mui. and Moos.jaw will Nerve other pur| •« 
 
 heddes provi.lini; for the*e n.'W routes. Thi-y will hriiiK the work of in^nvtion 
 xomewhat nearer to the ;rriiinBrowinK area. In aildition to that, they will pro- 
 vnle. for the tir^-t time in \Ve«tern Canada, hospital apparatus u|>on the ^rain 
 field. Hitherto (Train nciMlinif to he dried had to he ship|>e<i to Fort Willinm or 
 I'ort Arthur, and th.- totnl hnk of dryinjr plant- on the »rr«in-jrrowiiijr area has 
 ill some years eaus.M iin .iiorinou.. loss. In \U\-J, f..r exaniph', there was a very 
 hirjfe iHTeentape of the we-tern crop dainii^fed l.y rain and snow. The dninayr d 
 
 ►rrain contaim.jl a very liiirli i«r. entiure of nioi-tiin- wliieh < Id not he .•xtniet.d 
 
 until the (rniiii rea.hcd Fort Willlimi ,,r I'ort Arthur, iind much of it went ..iif 
 of eondilion l.ef..re it reiieh.d the- drying' plants there. The amount h.st in tlmt 
 
 one seiison would have liiiilt the thr livators 'low lieinir erei-ted. 
 
 The elevators will ,il-o ^'ive „ certiiin amount of additional stornjie I'apncity 
 wliieli will he Useful in iKfi.xU of conjrestion. It i> hot supiH.sed, and it i, not 
 
 itendiMl. that tl 
 
 e-e ehviitni'.. will tiike the pi 
 
 if the hike terminal eleval. 
 ill he very niiieli ul ili/.ed for east-jfo 
 
 for priiin -hipp.(l eii«t, or tlmt tin 
 
 (Train duriiifr the |Mriod of navicalion on the Creat Lakes. Tiiey are heiiiK huilt 
 
 |)artlv hei-ause of the iiiNil of hosnil:!! nnparHtus an tl'.e 
 
 ITi W 
 
 ji'smtf^ 
 
iwrtljr Im«-iiuih> of the MiiviMiltililjr of Imtiim MiltMi rmtrrvn itttrnict* for littlM of 
 otiMtriCftK'v. •lut imrtly In-i'mum) of th«t mv-onity of iMroviiliiw for tlwi IIikImhi 
 Itajr •ikI i'aimiiiN Cimiil roulm in m wii> thai will gi^im |Imnm> rotitra h fair trial. 
 Tho ••imriiioUit •I'niiiiii.'r "f grain itrowh in Wratrrn Canatla. ihf iliffii^ully of 
 •hi|it>inir it aii liy lli» i»a»»«-rn r"Ut«', a ilitftriihy I'lihamtxi l>; thi« •lu>rtni>Mi of ihi» 
 IN-ri'Kl iif naviKatio|Mfti| tliii taiiu rail Imul from tlii> itraiii tii-l<U to tho Atlaniii-, 
 Ihiw i-omlitlon* hav* Ut\ lo tin* Ii>i|m>, |irai-tii*alty utiivpr*al in th« wrat, that ih« 
 n|i><ninff of ih« I'atiamH •■nmhI will In> an imnxniM* tain to iht* K'ain Krow«r« of 
 AlU'rla, «n<l lli«< oiwninu of tin- llmluin Hay miitti to irrnin irrowcr* of Sa«kal' 
 •'hi*wan. 'nil* (lovpninn-nt. by tlif i-oiwtriii'lion of tltp flv« pIcvHtnra nanuol, in 
 iloinir all that •■an )m> iloiiiv Hn<l niori' tlian oiim- i>on<iilfr •lioulil Im< iloni*, trt 
 makf tlip nfw Miiti<it •iM-<i'««ftil. 
 
C mi... '.j^JfH^-M^m Jb ^af- 
 
 CIIAIMITU .V 
 
 KAHTKUN KI.KVATOKS. 
 
 Wi.tiTit KrHiii oil thf wuy to mill* in hln.lrrti (hiukIh or to tin- ^;lIr >|»nfi 
 iimrki'la |iMaa«>* tliMUKh di-viitor* ■itimUfI in i|m' ■■n.tirii |H.ri. of thf Ciu'iit l^ki>» 
 or i|ii« Admilii- M<Hl>oHr<l. ThfM t'li-vitti>r> ili»fi-r from ili.- IcriiiiiinU in fiiiirtioii 
 ■nd niiiiimmnt, They •rr not |>fiiiwrily ritlmr mtxtnitx .liviiior. or ili-vittor* tot 
 th« ••UNiniiitf mill imttiiif of KrHin Thfy »m t>riiimrily frniiifrr hoimm, |iarti« 
 of « trAn«|Mirlatioii niaphiiirry, n|ui|i|M>i| to trmnfrr tfrnin iilri-mly KrH<l<'<i i»rnl 
 • U'ttiiMl. from iKiiit Ui bin, aiiil from bin to •■t«r or <Mf«n uti-armr. Ami. «« w»'4t«>rn 
 Krain i« finally iiKpeptt-d at Fort William anil Port Arthur, ami .lu.iiot \m 
 iuaiHvti^l aaaiii. tlipfc in n<>ithi>r an inoix-'-lion nor a »ii|n>rvi .iiij{ «turi! mnin 
 taiiMxl in llii-w I'li'valom «uih a* iiri' inMintuini-il in llii> liTniinuU. 
 
 Till" iKiminion (!ovi<riinii>nt ftwim thni* of tli«»<- rlivatoM, om- at Port Col- 
 borni*. on., at Halifax (Ag. W), ami on.- at St. .lohn (fljj. :il ». nml it o|Mmti« 
 thi-m tliroiiKli tho Di'tmrlnH-iit of Hailway* anil Canal*. Of thf oib.T-. •oim. am 
 owii'il ami o|M>ratni by thi- HarlM.iir «'ouimi«»i«n«r« of Monln-nl (iIk '\'i) ami 
 gii.t.«-. .oiiM. by tbi- Canaiiian I'ai'ifif himI tiraml Trunk Huilway lomimniiii, 
 MiiiM. by wan-liouBinB i-omimnifHi that <i<> not trmii' in KTain. nml wmw by iimi- 
 INiiiic* tliiit il(«l in Rrain. 
 
 Apnrt from Ihoiw oiHratnl by tho I)i-|wrtm<'nt of Knilwny* tinil raiiaN. tb.— 
 cbviitori an- r<«|uir<ii to taki- annual lii-Piim* from, nml Hie Imndi* with, the 
 Ifciunl of (Inii'i ComniiMiioni-r*. Tlu-ir tariff* nml cbiinr-ii nrc umh-r th<< i-ontr-il 
 of lhi< Hoaril. iimi thi-y an* r«s|uirw| u> ii.nform with rirtiiin iin-tioiH of thi- 
 Uniin Art in nii-iving, biniiiiiK, trontina ami Hhiptiitiit tin- ifrHrn. Tho |irimM|ili> 
 of thi'M! iirovinion* U that thi-y niu«t iimintiiin llii' identity of tho irraili-: wlml- 
 ••vi>r irrndc tho irrai.i farrii'w an it in rtifiviil, it tnii»t rurry h* it in (l.liv.nil. 
 Tbi' methml of npiilyinu thi« iirim'i|i|»« i* not thiit of iiii>|M><'tioii uinl xiiinrv i«ion 
 of the work of tho eli'vatorn an at Fort William uml Port Arthur, but tbiit of 
 trarinir tho identity of the frrade, nhouhi tho buyer eoii«ider timt the irniiii 
 Heliverei] it ii.>t up to the irrade of thi' ifrtitieiite. 
 
 58 
 
 ^-sSfPS. 
 
I'liiiiiiitrti (iiivfrntifiit Kluniiir. Il»li(»>, X S. 
 
 KiK. :i" 
 
 m^^ssk 
 
 .^■n-' 
 
"m- w - J 1 - »:. 
 
 >T 
 
 , ►tttiitniiiii ( •ii\ iriiin* lit \\t \ ttliir, Si -I' hr. \ M. Kllf. •!! 
 
Harljoiir C'<>iiiiiii»»itin«-ni' Klrv«tiir, Mi>ntr<-*l . 
 
 Fig :«2. 
 
('HAI»TKR 0. 
 
 TIIK HOARD OF (JHAIN rOMMISSloSKUS. 
 
 The admiiiiHtrutioii of The Canada Grain Act in uiiclcr tin- IVimrtmeiit of 
 Trndo and Commerpf) of ranada. It is oiitruiitt«l to tlio Board of <irain Com- 
 miiwioiicni. wliioh n'ltort^ to tlic Minister of that I)c|Mirtni<iit. The Hoard 
 ootiKiNtii of tlm-e iiipmb«T>, a|ipoiiitfd for ten .vi'ar», with hcadi|unrtfrx at Fort 
 William. Tho work of the Hoard falU uiidt-r thr«<»' main lioadi* admitiintrntivp, 
 commprrial, and judicial. 
 
 AdminUtntiTe Work.— l. It hoH clmrKo of the iiinpwtion and weijihinK of 
 (crain. It carriea on this work throuKh two cxoeutivn offiifrn: the Chief 
 InKjH'ctor, Mr. Serls, of Winnipcfj; and the Chief Wei-fhinawtcr. Mr. White, of 
 Fort William. Iniipection i» done at Montreal, Toronto, Pet<'rlM.rouKh, KiiiffHton, 
 Port Arthur, Fort William, Winnipeg, CalRary, Duluth. and at oeveral of the 
 larijo wcxtern milU. New initpeetion offices will 1m» ojienwl at MiMwjnw. Sai>ka- 
 toon. Vancouver, and the Iludnon Hay in conn«H-tion with the cicvatorn being 
 eri-cti-*! there, and weighing i« done at m<»t of the in!«peetion iNiintit. It appoints 
 the St indardrt Hoaniit and the Examining lioard!*. 
 
 2. It has charge of the licenw-*! elevators of the Dominion. It issues the 
 licenses, rix-eivos the Itondfi, fixes the tariffs, wati-hes the insurani'e of the grain 
 in the terminals, do«>s the work of registration and cancellation of receipts, and 
 maintains a staff of inspectors who regularly visit the country elevators. 
 
 .'5. It has a statistical department at Fort William, in which it collects all 
 statistics relevant to its w.irk. 
 
 The administrative work is organizcnl in departments: those of ins|iection, 
 weighing, registration, statistics, each in charge of an extn-utive officer who is 
 held responsible for this staff. The nunilwr of men employed in all these d(>part- 
 ments varies with the season. D\iri.. ^ the months September to Deceml>er. the 
 nui.iber goes over three hundre<l ; during the rest of the year it is about two 
 hundre*! and fifty. 
 
 Commercial Work. — It has already built one elevator at Port .\rthur. which 
 It oinTates as a public terminal. The elevator was built and is ojierated on 
 commercial lines, and in this work the Ixiard competes with other t<'rminal 
 companies. The elevator is recognized as one of the best in Canada, and its 
 cost of construction as one of the lowest. The board is constructing elevators 
 at Saskatoon. Moosejaw. Calgary. Iludsftn Hay, and Vancouver, and it will 
 operate these also. The total capacity of all the Ixiartl's elevators will be 
 l.S.T-W.OOO bushels, and the total ntimlier of men employe«l in the operation will 
 run from one hundred and thirty upwards. For the construction work the Iward 
 has an enginet-ring staff, the Chief F.ngineer being Mr. Howe, whose office is at 
 Saskatoon. 
 
 6S 
 
Jndioial Work. — Th« iMmrd invi'ntitrutoH all <H>m|iliiiiitM inudi' alxdit haiuil- 
 iiiK (irain, (■omplalntit nlioiit irrndra. wfijrht* or d.M-kujto; iil'out prir.'H or <'harK<«; 
 iilMiiit cant, platfiiniw iiml i-li-VHfon.; nn.l hIhuiI friiiKJ or opprfssion hv any 
 l>.r«nii. firm or coriiorntion owning or oiM-ratiiiu any clcviilor. •...r.hou«', mill or 
 railroiuJ, or by any Krain i-oniniiwlon inrrchaiit or trai-k hu.vrr. 
 
 ^or thin work the Iwinrii can Munitnori witnt'smw. aiitiiinMtcr tlw oath, 
 (XiiniiiiP witiH-KW* iiii<li-r oath, ami c>om|>«-l thi- i)rodii<tiiiii of nil l>ook» and doru- 
 niiiifH n'liitinjr in any way to tho matti-r i-oinphnniil of. It ran xuspond or 
 dismis* otx-rotor*. r«><-oniin«Mid th«< withdrawal of iicn^M. in^tituto proi-pp«lin(r« 
 at tin- oxp<>nHo of the (Jovcrnmiiit, and its n'|K»rtK iiri> prima furi.. evidonr*^ in 
 flic courts.