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 -- 
 
 
 
 
 Made 
 theB 
 the a 
 Temi 
 the£ 
 
 
 Montr« 
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 work, 
 be hct 
 rirer, \ 
 the 
 
 Cnnt 
 
STATEMENT 
 
 Made to a Special Court of the Directors of 
 the British American Land Company, held on 
 the 3rd of February, 1836, by Mr. Frederick 
 Iempleton, who passed the previous Summer in 
 the Eastern Townships of Lower Canada. 
 
 I left Port St. Francis (about lialfway betweeq Quebec and 
 Montreal) the beginning of last November. The wharf erected 
 tl?ere by the British American Land Company is a very efficient 
 work, constructed of strong frame-work, well bolted, and to 
 t>e faced with three inch planking; it runs 600 feet into the 
 river, with twenty-two feet depth of water at Mie outer end. 
 
 The inn is very comfo|rtable and reasonable. 
 
 Captain Colclough. agent to ^he Company, is an intelligent 
 and agreeable man, always most willing to aflFord assistance and 
 information, to those destined to the Eastern Townships. 
 
 The road from Port St. Francis to Sherbrooke is very good 
 throughout, the distance 87 miles, and can be easily accom- 
 plisM itt one dsfy. A ligh^ wpggpp with two horses, or a 
 cafechfl mth one, travelling at the rate of seven or eight miles 
 
 ?» hour;— the wprst part of the road is through the Seigniories t» 
 Xicolet about five miles. On the completion of the intended 
 new road from Nicolet to l^opr: Point, the distance to Sher- 
 prpoke will be reduced to 70 miles. 
 
 Shiptpn, aJuQut 68 miles from Pprt St. Francis, is very 
 Mretlily aituated in « fine country, and contains several well- 
 hAUt brick houses J that of Mrs. Wales, who keeps a boarding 
 house and tavern, is as good as ^py of the kind in England ; the 
 Charge being for one person two dollars (say 8s. 4d. sterling) 
 per jyeek ; which includes four meals a day of the best descrip- 
 
 The country through which this road passes, after leaving 
 lirummondviUe, asKumes a varied and picturesque appearance, 
 and 18 well adapted for all purposes of husbandry; it is thickly 
 settled, and amongst the inhabitants are to be found many 
 highly respectable families. 
 
6 
 
 Tho land about Melbourne is tabular, soil a light loam easily 
 ploughed, and will produce, in ordinary seasons, on an average 
 26 bushels of wheat per acrfc. Improved farms in this district, 
 with a dwelling house and barn erected, and about one>third 
 cleared, are worth from nine to ten dollars per acre. 
 
 Shcrbrooke is well situated on the river Magog, near its 
 junction with the St. Francis; it contains a Protestant and 
 a Catholic church, and several well-built brick houses. A large 
 and commodious hotel and boarding house is now erecting. 
 
 The road from Sherbrooke to Burlington, on the lake 
 Champlain, in the United States, distance about 110 miles, is 
 very good throughout, and passes through a rich country ; the 
 scenery romantic, picturesque, and in many places beautiful, 
 particularly about Lsnnoxville, Compton, and Stausteud; in 
 which district are many improved and excellent farms, occupied 
 by highly respectable proprietors. The soil in this district is 
 remarkably fertile, well adapted for grazing as well as agricultural 
 purposes ; it is capable of fattening five sheep per acre, and in 
 some instances last season produced forty bushels of wheat per 
 acre. 
 
 Improved farms along this line of road, with a dwelling house 
 and barn erected, and one third cleare<l, are worth from ten to 
 twelve dollars per acre, and in the immediate neighbourhood of 
 Lennox ville from fourteen to sixteen dollars 
 
 A farm of 100 or 120 acres, is quite sufficient for a settler to 
 undertake, and to stock which will require about £100. 
 
 The only tax is an annual highway rate of six shillings per 
 100 acres. 
 
 Lennoxville is a most thriving place, and beautifully situated ; 
 it contains a Protestant church and many well-built and good 
 houses, principally of wood, neatly painted with virandahs; the 
 distance from Sherbrooke three miles. 
 
 The road from Sherbrooke to Montreal, by the Outlet village, 
 through the townships of Stnkely and Granby, is also very 
 passable, but not so good as the two before mentioned ; the 
 worst part, as before, is through the Seignories, from Chambly 
 to Longueuil, about eighteen miles ; but I see, by the recent 
 accounts from Canada, a Bill is before the House of Assembly, 
 to make this portion of the road a turnpike ; the whole distance 
 is now about 100 miles, which will be reduced to about 90 on 
 the opening of the new road, making through Orford. 
 
 This road passes through the finest grazing country in the 
 Eastern Townships. In Stukely, Mr. Knowlton possesses an 
 excellent farm of 1500 acres, between 300 and 400 of which 
 are cleared, where I saw as fine cattle, similar in appearance to 
 
 89rM 
 
 u 
 
J 
 
 the Herefordshire breed, as could possibly be reared in Eng- 
 land : these beasts were entirely fattened on grass, and ave- 
 raged from 70 to 80 stone, {16lbs. to the stone). From forty 
 to fifty head are sent to the Montreal market annually. 
 
 Boef, in Montreal, may average 3d. per lb, 
 
 Granby is also a beautiful township, containing rich and 
 fertile land. 
 
 From the Outlet village to Georgeville, a road runs along the 
 shore of Lake Memphramagog in the township of Hatley, through 
 a country rich and beautiful in the extreme, and thickly settled 
 with thriving farms. 
 
 The road from Sberbrooke to Quebec is not so easily passable 
 as those before named, but it is now opening. 
 
 Altogether the Eastern Townships of Lower Canada offer 
 as fine a field for the enterprize of the British settler, as can 
 possibly be found in any part of the globe ; the whole country 
 is beautifully intersected with streams of excellent water, and 
 is destined to become the grazing district of Canada; inde- 
 pendent of its capability of producing the most luxuriant and 
 abundant crops of corn. 
 
 (Signed) 
 
 FREDERICK TEMPLETON. 
 
 Extract of a Letter from a Gentleman resident at Sherbrooke, 
 in the Eastern Townships of Lower Canada. 
 
 Dated, I2th November, 1835. 
 
 Yon have no doubt been informed of all the principal opera- 
 tions of the British American L&ad Company, within the 
 Eastern Townships. A good deal has been done in the way of 
 road making in this vicinity, all which has served to put new life 
 into the inhabitants. Forty or fifty families have settled the 
 present season from Melbourne to Stanstead ; mostly however 
 from Compton downwards, as I believe only two or three have 
 settled above Compton. These families are apparently possessed 
 of considerable means, and are such as will tend to push the 
 country forward. 
 
 Individual buyers are now coming, and prices are getting up ; 
 wild lands are not the rubbish they were three years since, which 
 proves here is an improvement progressing ; all that is wanted 
 is settlers. The freedom from cholera the past year, must have 
 an effect, I should think, upon emigration the coming season, and 
 those we have will tend to bring others. 
 
8 
 
 Taking a line from the northern extremity of the Company's 
 block, running to Port St. Francis, there will be found south of 
 this, as fine a district, climate considered, as can be found in any 
 country ; all who visit it are delighted, and astonished thatithas 
 so long been unknown. The crops this season have been 
 abundant ; to my knowledge, forty bushels of wheat have been 
 grown to the acre, and upon old ground. With a sure remu- 
 nerating market, wheat could be grown to any amount, and 
 for grazing no country can be before this. Millions of shetp 
 ought now to be kept, and I am confident wool will become a 
 staple article here. The Siatss of Vermont and New Hamp- 
 shire are getting rich with their sheep, why not the Townships 
 also ? There is only an imaginary boundary. 
 
 Rail roads are now the great hobby here. Petitions are before 
 the legislature for two through the Townships ; one from the 
 outlet of Lake Memphraniagog to St. John's, to connect with 
 the Champlain and St. Lawrence rail road to Montreal; the 
 other from Stanstead down the lake and river Masawippi to the 
 St. Francis, at Lennoxville, down the latter river as far as 
 Shipton, and across, through Kingsey. Simpson, Wendover, 
 and the Seigniory of Nicolet to Port St. Francis, the whole 
 distance 116 miles. 
 
 Port St. Francis thiist become a place of much importance 
 eventually, and I see no reason to doubt its rapid growth ; being 
 below lake St. Peter, ships may complete their cargoes there as 
 well as at Quebec, and as a lumbering station, it would save the 
 hazardous running of timber to tliat city. 
 
 If some woollen manufacturer, with means, could be induced 
 to come out, and put the factory already erected here into opera- 
 tion, I think he might do well, and get a good return for bis 
 capital invested; as no one in this country is possessed of 
 sufficient to carry on such works profitably. Common coarse 
 grey woollens manufactured here, sell readily at from Ss. to 
 6s. 3d. currency the yard. 
 
 I hope another season will bring a good proportion of emigrants 
 into this district ; this section of the country needs only to be 
 known to be readily filled up. The settlers already located here 
 will no doubt be able to give such an account of it, as will induce 
 others to follow, for as far as I know, they all find iheir expec- 
 tations moie than realized. 
 
 Emigrants to the Eastern Townships Lave a decided advantage 
 in point of expense over those going to lake Ontario ; the steam 
 boats from Quebec land them at Port St. Francis, in thirteen 
 or ffteen hours, at one dollar a head, steerage ;passage ; whereas 
 to reach Toronto, (York,) will take eight days, at a cost of six 
 
 i 
 
Company's 
 nd soath of 
 >un(l in any 
 I that it has 
 have been 
 t have been 
 >iire remu- 
 nount, and 
 US of shet-p 
 1 become a 
 ew Hamp- 
 Towuships 
 
 8 are before 
 e from the 
 nuect with 
 ntreal; the 
 rippi to the 
 ' as far as 
 Wendover, 
 the whole 
 
 importance 
 wth; being 
 tea there as 
 lid save the 
 
 be indoced 
 into opera- 
 turn for bia 
 tssessed of 
 Hon coarse 
 'om 68. to 
 
 f emigrants 
 only to be 
 cated here 
 will induce 
 leir expec- 
 
 ad vantage 
 
 the steam 
 
 in thirteen 
 
 ' ; whereas 
 
 :ost of six 
 
 e 
 
 dollan In a steerage passenger without provisions, the land 
 carriage from either port to the plaee of settlement, being within 
 three or four miles the same. 
 
 Extract /rem the Montreal Herald, &3J Dec. 1836. 
 We would draw the particular attention of oor agticultnral 
 readers to the following valuable article from the Farmer's 
 Advocate. 
 
 It is matter of congratulation to the inhabitants of this dis- 
 trict, to behold the improvements now going forwari under the 
 auspices of the British American Land Company, and whatever 
 differences of opinion might have heretofore existed, in reference 
 to the operations of this Company and its effecU upon the general 
 interests there would seem to beat present no room to <liHibl 
 Its beneficial influence. •«~"i. 
 
 The expenditure of large sums of money upon tbe extensive 
 roads now opening, together with the indnx if populatio. «id 
 capital, has already tended greatly to encourage die hobethat 
 this section of country will go rapidly forwarl, and Ze can 
 exist no reasonable douht, bat thTt a few yea^ will see the 
 Townships in a most flonrbhing condition. 
 
 I'o accelerate the attainment of this most desirable object, is 
 what concerns every individual resident therein. As a great 
 deal depends upon system, it wonld be well that we all endea- 
 vour to act upon it. The farmers, being the bone and siniw ^f 
 the country, it becomes them especially, to adopt and steadUv 
 
 SuTri?!""""* J?*? ''•" ^."'"« "•«"' f"^ refurns fo "Je J 
 outl^ in money and labour, and not only enable them to meet 
 
 etr^'j^a^Sra^^Sr' """""^'y' ""* '° 'ay by something. 
 Notwithstanding wheat may be and is grown here at 
 therale, in some cases, of more than forty bushels to th^acre 
 s III. under the existing state of the markets, it is not de' 
 sirab e to atletapt to carry forward this branch of agri-' 
 
 S™ »t ° ?"y ^"^ "**"'• «» f*' better returns can be had 
 from the raising of stock, and here we have superior advantages 
 to most countries. As a grazing country the Extern TowSll 
 are Dot^surpassed. and from th* cheapness and fertility SfoJJ 
 lands, the rearing of cattle and sheep may be carried to an v 
 reasonable extent, with a tJomparaUvely small eapUal It ii 
 
 oS S° rr*?'' '^^* ^r 'k"" ''"'''^'°" »•- C paid b" 
 
 our farmers, to the keeping of sheep; an anitual hardy and 
 
10 
 
 easily reared, and one which is sure to return a large proOt annu- 
 ally. In passing through the Townships, at the present time, 
 but few farmers will be found who keep nny sheep, and those 
 few have rarely more than twenty to thirty, and generally of 
 inferior quality. I am aware that the wolves are occasionally 
 troublesome to those animals — but this evil is not half so serious 
 as it is generally considered to be. Let every farmer owning 
 from one to five hundred acres of land, furnish himself with 
 from one to five hundred sheep, and let him take pains annually 
 to improve the breed, and he can well afford the extra expense 
 of looking after and securing his flock against the ravages of 
 wolves. 
 
 Let me take an estimate of the cost, expenses and income of 
 600 sheep for three years, and see what inducements are held 
 out to the farmers to enter upon the business. 
 
 FIRST YEAR. 
 
 First cost of 600 good native sheep, ray 
 
 lOs. each £260 
 
 Bucks, of best breeds 50 
 
 Keeping for one year, at 68. per head .... 126 
 
 Interest upon £300, for one year 18 £443 
 
 INCOME. 
 3 lbs. of wool each 's 1500 lbs. at Is. 8d..£|26 
 Say 400 lambs, at 68. 3d |25 260 
 
 £193 
 
 SECOND YEAR. 
 
 f year's interest 11 II 7 
 
 1 year's keeping 126 
 
 £320 11 7 
 
 INCOME. 
 3 lbs. wool each, is 1500 lbs. at Is. 8d... .£126 
 400 lambs, at I Os 200 326 
 
 £4 11 7 
 THIRD YEAR. 
 
 1 year's interest 6 6 
 
 1 year's keeping £125 
 
 £129 17 
 INCOME. 
 3 lbs. wool each, is 1500 lbs. improved at 3s, 226 
 400 lambs, at lOs..... 200 426 
 
 £295 3 
 
11 
 
 3 
 
 
 11 11 
 
 7 
 
 125 
 
 
 
 £320 11 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 
 
 £4 li 
 
 7 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 6129 17 
 
 
 
 425 
 
 
 E295 3 
 
 
 
 leaving a balance at ibo end of three years, in favour of iLe 
 farmer, c. about twelve hundred dollar,, and a flock of 600 
 BUeep of improved breeds, worth at least two thousand dollars. 
 Ihis IS a result which I venture to say, is not attainable by any 
 other process of husbandry, with the same amount of capital 
 and it IS simple and certain. "^ ' 
 
 I have not taken into account the improved state of the farm 
 incident upon this course, and I have estimated the amount of 
 wool at one th^rd less than many farmers in Vermont attain from 
 tlieir sheep. 1 have no doubt that this calculation wiil astonish 
 our farmers, but there is no mystery about it— all depending upon 
 proper care and attention to the improvement of the brecJ of 
 sheep. We find then that a farmer may, in three years, realize 
 
 a profit of over three thousand dollars. ' I would' therefore "say" 
 
 the attempt with " it can't be done;" 
 
 instead of quietly eivine ud 
 
 try It. We shall then hear no more complaints about hard times 
 scarcity of money, and all that, but on the other hand, we shall 
 soon become lenders instead of borrowers. It may be objected 
 that, however desirable to enter upon this branch of husbandrv 
 pur farmers have not the means of purchasing flocks of sheen 
 in the outset. 1 o remedy this inconvenience, I would recom-' 
 mend borrowing the required capital, even upon mortgaKe. if it 
 cannot otherwise be had, as it can be so readily paid ofT without 
 risk At all events it is worth the trial. There can be no 
 doubt of a continued demand for wool a long time to come 
 which must be upon the increase, and when once upon hand* 
 there will be no difficulty in finding customers. It can even be 
 exported to the United States, notwithstanding the high duty 
 is thft'Tt dnl'- 0"«f «?S?dvantage in this branch of husL.ndry: 
 Ln. If .w °°* ■"^^"""y interfere with the ordinary occupL 
 
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