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ON THE QUESTIOS OP m FBENCH LAMIIAGE IW THE NOBTH-Wra M^M:Ca:t^flt&^^^ on th reposed motion of to further amend the S/ltf}°f "^ f'^^^H^o. 10) An Act respecting the NovZwITtJ-^^^' ?l ^^°^^^' «^»Pter fifty, in amendment there^anJth'T^^^ the motion of 4 Davin 'T/ Muiocl' «^^ ^-"^d^enr'^'" '^ ^'^ ^^^"^^^^^^ ^^ embraced in the Bilf of tfffc '"^ °°"«i^/nn^ the proposition McCarthy). I fed thatt s m'^o's.^^^^^^^^^^^ (^r. the mere matter involved in that Bill Tf *T ^^^ discussion to the House was, from beffinninafn a J^^ Proposition before not the French Cual should ».!^' -"''*^*'" ""^ language in the North-^Lt th j dJ.. ^1«««"*^^"^<1 as an official narrow limits, and I Lcfa rl^L. ?T°.'^*^'*^^ ^^ ^^^uced to be arrived at. But whef we?nn •7^^'/^°**'"^ conclusion would mover of this Bill b^Jh Jthout h!'7^^' "^*'T^^^ ^^ ^^' hon. it is impossible to CideTthe .„p.1 ' ^'.l^'^^ ^^*^^" '^' ^ ^^^1 we must bear in mi^d the obiect the hnn° ^^f^ °"''T ^'^^^' ^"^ and all its consequences fi^r!?.!;- ' ^^^^^^n^an has in view sider whether XTit'JoZufy ^! '^'y T^ ^e, and con- sented by this BiU I fiL thaMn ' ^"^ ul'i ^'' ^^«^ a« pre- gentlema^n in the village of Stayner 0^1^.17'^?^^ '^' ^'^• hon. gentleman, before an adSn ' i**^ "^"^^ ^^^^' ^^^^ the dealt with the ^en«rX.r.iofT?^it«'^ appreciative audience, and quoting from th"e S^t^of uthZiS^Tl^ ^° ^'^"^^^ ' words attributed to him T "^^' ^ ^^^ *^« following P^^dSwtrSei^^?^^^^^^^^ ^T'^ literature has been what he wants. He has Ro" it" n the kw tL^t^^"" ^rench-Canadian has got and he has .adea blow a«t the ::i'iZZl%V^Z ttir^ \^' * 2%e i'reMcA Language in the North-West. let the peopTelal w?th F^Lh in th« -o'h ^^^T^." ^5 *^« North-WesUnd when tLe^ two quIZna have been jfj wit^ '^l^^'t^ ^^"^^"''«'' »''^«? something, and paved the way for the future "' ^"''^ accomplishea beZm™ld°;Jt^^°™ '" '""«'• "'™' l" "'M «>»' 'ho ^""01. language .,u,t ture of Franco instead of in th« titi™/ *'^', 'i '■°, '"'"■«« in Ihe Uteris to comment on them hLself, sayiag: *''"' "" "I. there any ,h*lo» of doubt that Lord Durham wa, right " Uterature, or in French at ansl^°''':i,°'' '""^"'S* '" ^■■™<=1> Ha^.uch wa. the ntt^^^, tht^^^Tr^tmr nl^eri in the worM,"7tSSf °» etl'So be 'uni.e?T-' ^f t"" '"=-• "' «" — one o, these langu^e, .n7b;°th',= StlTnl'r.LX«er'''"'" °' ' CaXr^kirtht Jund !w f"""'^ ^°^* S-«- (^- Mo- j^; uiKing me ground, clearly and unmistakably, that IHISEE MUST BE AN OBLITEEATION ste*^i^g"p^e"o^i::„t^:;l''>^H^7-h-Canadian or the Enghsh- BecemhlrVtook i^rt ulT^ZST^t Zt^.'^\^ The French Language in the North- West 3 North- West Territories^ In 2^*)^^ f"""? language in the feel we cannot discu s this quesT^o„ Tn Z' ? ^/7*^-«««e«. I having reference to the North UW T -^ '"''*^'? '^°«« ^^ ^^^ gard to the broad pronositJon of I ^f^'^V^' ^^^Y' but in re- qo secure the unity Tacourrv^^^^^^^ T""^ '^^^ ^^ ^^^'^r national spirit in our iLd^de^l^^^ development of a proper THAT WE MUST OBLITERATE THE FRENCH LANGUAGE ^ position; the hon. gentFeman ^deavor^^ ' by laying down a proposition Tn M^^^ ^ ^^^y ^'^ position introducing this BU] theZZnJ? I ^^'^u^'? *° *^« House, in tially this? That Proposition he submitted was substan- '^«'^«E MUST BE UNITY IN LANGUAGE Jiontly^L^i^^^^^^^^^ Ls^fein^'^^ ^" r ^ ^^- ^ - SntiJ;i; on^ :i£S^^^ -d^Sal ^;S: by the hon.^m;L\rfSta^^^ 4ht that for all politla~s:^'^ ""''' '''''''''^y -^ positively UNITY OF LANGUAGE WAS NOT NECESSARY. Me was the only respectable authority the hon .rpnfla„ the others were anonymous- wif h th/^ x- g^^^^leman gave ; Muller. who cannot Kusid^itd t h • ^^'T ?^ ^^ofessoi^Max ject politically. ProfLsor Frelln ^^'''",^ ^'^^* ^^^^ ^^^^ ««b- the fon. gentLman deTends X^^ ^^'thtj r''?^*-^ ^^ ^^^'"^ his proposition. But even ?f X!f . ?.^ ^*^ ^^^ '° '^^P^^t of view, rwill offer to the SsesomeflT,^ fji'T^ ^^^ ^^^^ <^h^t opinions either of ProfeTsor Frep^?! , ^.u *°.'^ ^' ^^^^^^^ the North Simcoe (Mr. Sr thy" Twm fay d^wn" "^"'^^- -'^^ and endeavor ^^ iay down a proposition ^« ^«OVE IT BY FACTS NOT OPINIONS. t^\^^t:!tTr:lt^^^^ -^^' J'"«^^^^ -« - -king this asser. EVERY NATION OF ANY NOTE two ttor-in- "' ^'''' ^tT^^ ^^^^ «°"PO-d of r..«« «p.,Hn. ence tLThrsio'?fdr no ^Sw tTe'"^^'%^"^^^'-^^'^^^^^^^ which has acquired endurin?fri?f '^^'f ?^ ^"^^ Sreat nation, , has been, butle langut^^^^^^^^ '^ ^^f"" '^'"'^ ''' ^^ arguments in support of the first nnU of ^''* ^^^^^"^ ^^^^l' *<> we „„,oM b.r„.^P.He n.ire^e'rl;^7^ES^rXe^Tari: 4 The French Language in the North-Weat and that countries have been great, and can be great, THE GREATEST COUNTKIES ON THE EARTH ^h;tlTo tt'it^^^^^^^ ^'^^"^ *^"^-- spoken, surely of North SimcoT llr Mc^^^^^^^^^^ "3«^« of the Ln. Member there seemed to be some r.Sf^" ^""?g <^he debate yesterday, drawn as to whetW certain «'"'' "^^^^X^^ ^^me distinction used officially or bx tZmio^ ^W^^^^^ ^ere yet, so far as the atSo "f .^ ^l"'^ i' ^"^'^ ^ ^^^^rence, ooncerred. that c^'stin^l^on die tt'^TerTntrt^e"'" '/""t^'^ CMiuse he proposes to obliterafp „ io ^^^ question, be- erated, and his efforts seem tnt/ ^^»g"«ge. not to have it tol- thinking in a ford^n tongue 1?^'^^ t° PJ""^'"* "« ^'^^"^ even " difference in treatma vTf ^^^^'^"gh I think there is little politics, I wil meZn , f^r^i"^^.^' ^ '""^^^^ ^^ philology or -juch. 'as a mat er of petLl*':^^^^^^^ T'^^"^ ^° ^"^^^ ^- tolejated and exist acco.SIng tolT^ Trst of\T'^'^ '"^^'^^ In Spam there are two JanguaffesLeratpd fh Q ' -^J^ ®P^^"' Basque. Jn Sweden thpr^ 3 r ^*^^t ^a. the Spanish and the GerLn, the Finnic ard he Lr 1^^'^-^^^^ four languages, French olvm^ \f.v ^^^t^^^^^nd. there are France, the French Tfoi-^' ^*''*" ^"^^ Roumansche. In Netheriand Jr^^mi'^^^^'DitchTr^nT' ^^^^A ^^ ^^ t^e although the different tnm"' i, ""^'N' ^°^ ^° ^''eat Britain, still there are traces of E^^^^ }T \^^^^ disappeared, yet We have in thrSnnel Llands th.T ^T. '""^''^'^^ ^^^e^re. the Isle of Man the Manx lan^e C language, and in anguage, I am glad to seefi bfbfrevived in Old"?^! '^^ ^''^ the Gaelic, in Scotland, was untif r!!!)^?? \ "^ Ireland; and spoken in some parts if the no^ h 3*^^ t"" °^'^ ^^"^^^S^ these languages in addition trt^. T .^orth-west. We have •Great BritaiS. For the nurno.e. of T- ''^n* Anglo-Saxon in we can fairly draw on theSrv nf * '' ^""stration I think from our own experience that «n7 T' ^"^^ ^^^^' ^"^ P^ove reminds me not'^o forg^t'^he wSst 'I'am'fV.^^^' ^^^ ^^^^ for the Welsh is a Wual whti; /*°\S^^f ^^ reminded me, which is also the offic af fan^?« ? w', ""^^^ "^"^^ tolerated, but ' Then, we come to AustHa Wl?? ""n ^^^^' ^"^ **^ *^« P^^sen day. in Austria, sh' todat a vaYt . ^1'"^^^ '^' ^""^^'^^^^^ ^^n Je the dominant one-forinsLnLTR ^^ ^^Pg^ages other than the Czech, and others In tct next%?S"Ti: *^' ^°^^'"^^^' number of different lanauajes L/rht W '^{ *^^'^ ^^^ ^ ^^^^'e^ Ths French Language in the North- West 5 |gX^ltr^^^^^^ -n, changes philo- here are many dialects ouCZLl^^^' ^^^^ I German, languages. Russia permits aeenrr? n . ', '^ ^^^'"^ ^"^ other guages-among others, tRinnTlth^^^^^^ ^^^' ^^°"<^ ^^^ Can- onic. So. we therefore see thTf hn ?^"«^«'^" and the Sclav- have mentioned are Ttionst wh,^^^^^ ""''°"^ °^ ^^^P^ which I contention, then P^P"^'"™ « "ght, and if he is correct in his '•"^^"""'NS HAVE ALL BEEN FAILtTBES be said to have a hom"rneousT„ ""™' «' Europe which oay Italy and the three KTmSivdv^nT' -J^'^ ^'' »"" '"•>'- tagal, Denmark and Se tLT"'®"''!?"' countries : Por- Europe to-day in which we mavlvtr *l°"'^ °»"<'«^ '» I am giving part of my Jse atL Jk T i" ^"' ^^ language. countries a?ehomoge"{orinTetajl?l ^ '"'"" "'?,' 'h'^e four say that Italy has Been homoSol n 'f^'.^^^- , Whilst I may many tongues have comeSgone Tut the"?!'^ "' 1.200 years^ comprom.se which has come toT'thTdotnanlZre "But"'" THERE WAS NO ITALIAN UNITY " .'TuT^eM^tt&nl !5t^"''-1 'T,"^^- I*-"- -ity todevelopanation.as^iytou^&^ona^.-^^^^^^^^^ FOR 1.200 YEARS tries : Swit^erlandTal . e S?h ILTg'' " ""' '""f^^S «"»- Spanish and Basque. The laHpr i. „ ,?«™»n. and Spain the m the north of Vn and the soi'th Tf fy. 'T"^' P'°™«'^ ftisques are a hardy race, and even ?nW ""?• ^^r^n^^s. The hind us in political advancement tW. If Ji^'U"'' '" =" f""- be- ' torn their own separate SlTament Ld > ^'^3"'^ '» »«™- liberations in the feasQuelono-n^^t'-l,^ °''?'*'"=' 'heir own de- nary Spaniard. In AuX3fficTal wr'"-'n^ '«"'* <>^<''- K^p"Y.p-t..fA„.:tri:^h^^^^^^^^^ in the ahafnel WmaT^TMZ^L''t'1 ,'»"?uages are F^nch getting, of course, the dominfn. mI ° x^'* ?' Man,-not for- this very day, it is 'he laTthat Xthe o*'- '- ^''° °^ *'"'■ '» ' tW small Parliament, the Ty'^wiS^', tut'UStfi\^i « The French Language in the NoHh-West. English and Manx languages ; and at the close of the Parliament, IN ORDER THAT THE PEOPLE SHALL KNOW ptitd^th«^■l^"?'°V'.^''^^^"*>^«^^^« Cfovernor, accom- panied by the h,gh dignitaries and the people to ^o out f^. « neighboring hill, to read the decrees in the two anguaaes tha^.S Grir^l -"'T '^' ^""^ '^^' ^^« ^0 bind theTTurther in aretlemSin r TT' '' ^' ""^^^ ^*»g"-g«« those which ni^Pd n i n *^^ ''^°°^'' "^^ ^^^« ^^« Welsh language recoff. nized m the Government schools in Wales, and Jecentlv f£ Irish language taught in certain of the public school ^^f inland ed Thich uibi 'fuffi ^ 1^»T°-^ 4^^ - ^'-P« ^ eon - down that «"ffie^«°% sustains the proposition I have laid UNITY OF LANGUAGE LS NOT ESSENTIAL DOES NOT NECESSARILY PRODUCE lan?ual' ov A ^^'^^' f ^ '^^'f ^° ^" ^^««ee itself by reason of Greek? it'^^arof aO™* " «r^ Coasting i.iu.^U^^l philological Ph!nrl« T "^"^«^- Germany has undergone many ?y ctfia^riSel^lhtlty ^""^ ^"f- 'o"^^^ THAT EJtPIRE BECAME PEAOTICALLy GERMAN IL ulutn^kthr'^'; conseuoence of the influence of force of -h-----^ %»penod they succeeded, hv m^t "e^^dJ^ Tt^i,-^™^«''gthatlhieh n.yS„?S f uu. ic wa«» a country homogeneous in language, and V Tfie French Language in the North- West. 7 should h .7e been a united and powerful land, bound together by that strong national spirit, to be developed, according to my hon Srn'r^^'°"T"'t.^^ language; but what does histoiy liLrnV ^^^."^y h«"- Jriend point to a nation in ancient or modern times that, for three hundred years, was mere torn by in- ternal diss nsions-by wars, rebellions and fratricidal disturb- Ances— than that Empire. Why, Sir, aOVEBNMENT BECAME AN ABSOLUTE IMPOSSIBILITY in J?Kn """J?^"^- ^^ <^?™"i"«it.y Of language would accomplish anything there was its opportunity. But what did it ac comphsh ? It accomplished the Treaty of Westphalia. The Germans, speaking German as they did, conld not live together and they dissolved the partnership. Prussia taking one section of the empire, and Austna taking the southern portion. If national unity of spirit or gieatness were to be secured and placed on an enduring basn oy community of language, there of all cases was one, even m co.^paratively modern times, that shou'd have had the resuit boastea of by the hon. member for North Simcoe. They have not since been able to agree, though speaking the same hn- guage, and m our own time we have found those two German- speaking peoples falling upon each other, until at last Prussia ex- pelled Austria her sister country, from the German Confedercay as the result of the war which ended with the battle of Sadowa IB the last third of a century. Now, suppose we adopt the policy ot the hon. gentleman, and go in for an obliteration of the French language. That is the proposition we are face to face with. The hon. gentleman has thrown down the gage of battle to the French Canadian people. This Bill is but a commencement, A SKIRMISH BEFORE THE CHEAT RATTLE that is to go on all along the line later on. But suppose that attempt absurd as it is, should succeed, do you not think that be- fore making It, we might well turn up the pages of history again axid see with what results such attempts have been followed 1 In the consideration of this question it might probably be instructive to remind the House that when the French and Anglo-Saxons first came together, and an attempt was made to make one lan- giage prevail over the other-1 refer to the period succeeding the Norman Conquest-f or 300 years French was the language of the churker^ '^''"'"^^' ^*'^''''^^' ^'''^' *' """^'^ ^^ possible, the m' i?,?T^^^^^^^^N^^- A°d *he nobility. • • J^^^^^- u ^""^ *^' ^°^^"^y ^^^^y ^^^'^ was made to impose the J^^ench lanfifuacrfl on *>' ^^^^^ °^°^« *« its dissemination and Ln vlT-"? ^^Tu ^""l ?^^"? ^^'' ^^"^^ ^^^« ^«°«- And the same can be said of the Bohemian language; and as a singularity of the tenacity of language under coercion, I may point to the Le of a small race or tribe called the Wenders who live in the v^! nity ot the mouth of the Elbe, who ar« Prnau,-or,._^]u;.„n„ 4 ' oSteTh^'V^'" '^ ^r'^- "An-aTtem^t^lTmaVS obliterate their language. Their population consists of but a few villages, surrounded on all sides by people speaking the Germal aZZ' ^f ^'^ *^ ^'"^"^^ «^ '^^ ^^*«°^P^« *« destroy theTr language— I am speaking now of comparatively modern times— The French Language in the North-West 9 was, as set forth in a letter from their pastor to the king, that the pastor could no longer understand his flock, nor the flock the pastor. They did not give up their language ; they simply ceased to attend the schools ; they ceased to learn in German, which was an unknown tongue to them ; and nothing was accomplished ex- cept to keep them in ignorance and to develop a bad feeling. Now, does the hon. gentleman suppose that by the methods he is advocating, METHODS OF FORCE AND COERCION, he can accomplish what he has in view ? Let me remind him of the consequences, politically, of such attempts. Schleswig-Hol- stein at one time constituted two duchies of Denmark.*' The people spoke German. King Christian IX. attempted to FORCE UPON THEM A CHANGE OF LANGUAGE. What was the result ? They became disaffected. They got en- couragement from a foreign power, Prussia ; they rose in rebellion; THEY WERE LOST TO DENMARK and became Prussian. Such is the natural consequence of in- terfering with one of the institutions of the people. Let me refer to another historical case of modern times, within the politi- cal life almost of the hon. gentleman— the case of Lombardo Venetia. That was once a part of Austria, and their language Italian. Austria, not profiting by the experience of Denmark and other experiences, endeavored to destroy the Italian language of Lombardo Venetia, and to impose upon the people the German language. What was the result ? The people, just as in Schles- wig-Holstein, rebelled, and they found sympathisers, AS ALL DISAFFECTED COUNTRIES CAN, from without. Italy and France came to the rescue, and the result was, instead of Austria accomplishing what she was aiming at, destroying the Italian language, she lost both those two great Provinces, which became, in 1859, and still are, part of the empire of Italy. Now, what has happened in the case of these two great countries which, under coercion, transferred their allegiance to another flag, will happen wherever the same attempt is prosecuted. Does not the hon. gentleman see that he is proceeding in the most direct way possible, in the light of the past — WHICH IS THE ONLY GUIDE TO US TO-DAY in these matters — TO DESTROY CONFEDERATION by causing our French Canadian subjects to become disaffected and to seek sympathisers outsidfe, and to, perhaps, ultimately part company with the Canadian Confederacy. Does he desire that result ? There can be nothing accomplished by force. Acts of Parliament and Orders in Council will not make men love one 10 Th^ French Language in the Norf.h^West. in the constitution of my C, fr^;,i "Jl™" <='"'°g« many thin™ wou d with both handrjo in for m»t- ° ?"'"' "^ 'hisBilh^ opinions. Suppose as a mitti. i"*''"'? him a man of different him what he isleekingWo To tlTI'Tr'' "^ ^^™ *^ ^ "» eon.e.e-.s„ppose welere ^ pai'^L'Sta^S^-i^on,, the ^ PBENCH CANADIAN CATHOLIC WOU d we succeed in makinff him nno ? n i. ' Celtic origin, and I am sure^thLT no 1 ^'?¥ ^°°^ ^^^k on his comphsh such result; a^if hf ^uH W ^>^.^«^«^ ^^^^^ ac own views, can he not picture to T?^lihu*^"*i'°"' *^«^ of hia and coercion upon thosfto whom h?' V^! f ^°* °^ repression treatment ? Let me refer to a c^.^ Jeflv I" \*^I WM that hon. member for Assiniboia rMr n. • f T ^^"^^^^^ upon by the A^ace Alsace, at one t^e las a Ct%' '''^^'' '^' ^^^ of French, Alsace and Lorraine Cvinlt p^^^^^^. but became by the Treaty of WestnhaL 1?^ ^^^"^ transferred to France and race, but'^by bei^TeSed il^ people and not pisecu^fd came fn ^'^^°''' ^^ ^^^ ^renfh quered her; and durin/the Fmnon P ' ' '' ^^'""^ ^^^ ««°- ^ere made to recover Alsace aTw«?fr,'^^''' ^^^^ attempts she was one of the most lolT ^^^^^^ eloquently last night conquered her two cSrip?wPP°'''/' ^^ France which had endeavoring to do ^C'^^ tnlAe^.^^. *^^ ^--ans'ln -to repress the use of the Fre "k 1 '^"k^'?& *« accomplish eliminated the sympathies of ^L a i l^"g»age in Alsace- have eft the country.VhTthose whot r"°'' "^"°^ °^ ^^^^ bave tbey can only be kept in subSfinn K ^^^'' '° disaffected that standing army. Such is the effectnf ^ ^}^ ^'^^^^^^ «f ^ ^arge language of a people by coercbn Hi.T^'^T' *° change t£e attempts are made ^ coercion. History shows that where *!, , '^^ DESTROY A J.ANQUAGE tbe people often construe those attempts r is proSf v:i'::Ti:^p^:if r r ^^ -^^^^ ^-da Lutherans from Che Baltic Whv are tW^ the Mennonites and Russia has been endeavoring to cause tZ'T'°^ ^'"" ^ ^««ause language, the German, and fo adonf fh« ^ *? ^'"^^ "P *l^«ir own nonites and Lutherans W nnnl- a 5"««^an, and these Men- attempt to coerce them into ^^?".«^^«1 ^he idea that this is an construe it as an assauTt upon their?«l-^-' ^'''^ ^^"^«b. They instances in hi-*— ^i ^ - *"®*^ religion: and thorp •, ^ construed;- We^^linTtlrTf^e'bf^^^^^^^^^ ^^ b^en^rniSj: they, too, should come to thl 'i ^""^ ^^'^ ^^^nch Canadians if assault on their rel^Ton ^ HoC: "mu^h'''^ *'^^ movemSn xiowever much men may protest to the depends onTTTwas A cmintry uoiuoj^ , 8°- '-"guage. IN THE FLI3HT OF TIME, ^unt'rt' ^Cttf !?*°^''T '""S""*"^ ''i" ?* '\Tf '?• . ^^^"^^y ^^^<^"^^' «^«° ^tthis late hour to read him a bit of advice, it would be that, if his motive is as I am bound to assume that it is. the welfare of Canada then be fore this debate is closed, and before it is too late, ?et him make c ear exactly where he stands upon this question.^Jet hi^ make clear any ambiguity as to his ulterior object, and deny t^rthis IS he commencement only of a war upon a rkce that^s not en titled to be 80 treated, or admit that it is as he declares and seems to say, an attempt to a^iares, and OBLITERATE THE FRENCH language and the French literature from Canada? If so Mr Speaker, there should be but one answer from the people's ;ep^e: sentatives here. We are sent here to i'cwpies repre SAVE THE UNION. NOT TO DESTROY IT. '^^^}S>'}-S^^^^^rn&n H&ys-&nd I wish to give him credit for good faith-that he is in favor of making th?s a BrLh co Lny But he IS adopting a course little calculated to make BrS ins itutions permanent in Canada. Such being myrneluSon I SM I LT^h "'f '^^ ^°°• -"^^^^^"^^^ in^hJir^strn'h tn^tZA f f ' *^!J;^^°^«' ca«<^ ^y vote in the direction I have ndicated-tj have this matter settled by the people's reDresentl n^wr-K^' North-West, who are best able to s^ettle it orTy such other tribunal as may be suggested after they shall have the fuUest opportumty of enquiring into all the conditions of the coun rv