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-ipi I I , jji ^ijpAJUiPi^ 
 
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 Faithful 
 
 With ^ 
 Moderr 
 
 Printe 
 
 ■'»' "^-"^^ ^ s a^i ■f i^^m:^" 
 
'^'•Sll 
 
 O R, T H E 
 
 Compleat Geographer. 
 
 PART the SECOND. 
 
 B E I N G T H E 
 
 Chorography, Topography, 
 And History 
 
 OF 
 
 ASIA, AFRICA 
 
 AND 
 
 AMERICA. 
 
 Faithfully Extraded from the Beft Modern Travellers 
 and mod Efteem'd Historians; 
 
 And Illustrated 
 
 Witli MAPS, Fairly Engraven on Copper, according to the 
 Modern Difcoveries and Correftions by HE RM AN MOLL. 
 
 The Third Edition very much Enlarged. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 Printed for A. and J. Churchill, and T.Childe> M.DCCIX- 
 
 W\ 
 
■I ii).,iiiwi,^«(i^ 'i«T^»'^!i!^"'("»" 
 
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 fe .i<^; ;: v_4i. 
 
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 -.»-.■ -"v,^ 
 
 ri yr o n -^ R -^4 
 
 ,.|. 
 
 
 To the R E A D E R. 
 
 THE only Objeftion anainft the former Edition of this Work, Was, That 
 the Accounts there given of thefe three Parts of the Work!, wx-ic not 
 Large and Satisfactory, proportionate: to tllat oi Europe; the Reafon why it 
 was then fo Defeftive, we have given in 'Our Preface, and have there alfo 
 flicwn the Reader, whence we liave extrafted tlie ample Dcfcriptions litre 
 exhibited of all the Parts of thefe Remote Countries. 
 
 Wc can truly alTure the Reader, that the Books there nicntion'd, Iiave 
 not only been Cgnfulted, but even the full Subftance of every one of 'em, 
 fp far as concerns Geography, is faithfully introduc'd into this Work^ v/lu icby 
 iirh intimate View is given of thefe dillant Lands, , and the true prefent State 
 of them is fliewn. 
 
 The former Writers on this Subjefl: have contented themfelves with Tran- 
 fcribing thofe that went before, and the Errors of a Hundred Years Ibnding, 
 have ftood in Modern Books Uncorrefted : But in this Work we have not 
 only Confulted thofe that have been upon the Spot, but even thofe too have 
 not besn lightly credited in any wonderful thing ; where a Thing appear'd 
 Incredit)le, a fmgle Teftimony has not been taken ; and where different 
 Authors have fpoken differently of the fame place, we have chofen to give 
 the Reader both their Reports, and let him judge for himfelf And inGc- 
 rteral have taken the grcateit Pains in makmg the moft diligent Search after 
 Truth : And truft we have not egregioufly mifs'd it in any one Inlhnce. 
 
 u-1: 
 
 
 r.a rr. 
 
 H V\ \\\ f' 'i 
 
 noft:/. 
 
 :o')Li 
 
 ■; rr'jff, yi:;v 
 
 ■rr 
 
 
 
 (:\ 
 
 
 
 ..c-.-O.T I. 
 
Ci) 
 
 ASIA. 
 
 Asia 
 
 I N d'^ I a. N 
 
 S t 
 
 
 
 AS I A, ii it was the Urgeft Part of 
 the Old World, fo it was on many 
 Accounts the Principal and moft 
 Celebrated. For it was there th» 
 Almighty Creator was pteafed, not 
 only to Plant the Paradicc for the 
 firft Man Adam, and afford his Prefence in a figntl 
 Degree to his firft elcdked People ; but it was there 
 •Ifo that hij Son our Lord wai pleafed to Work the 
 
 ' >** 
 
 •it ' 
 
 Redemption of Mankind, and difpenre the gloriota 
 Light of the Gofpel, for our Eternal direftron to 
 Salvation. And altho' this alone were Honour 
 enough, and what tnuft always render this Land Ve- 
 nerable, yet the Worldly Advantages were as nota- 
 bly Superior ; for the Earth produces not only all the 
 VornmonNeceffariesfor Life in grrtt Plenty, but 
 give* us over, and above allthofe Delicacies, which 
 fcxve for Delight and Luxurity ; fuch as the brighteft 
 B Gera^ 
 
 i : ! 
 
 i! 
 
 :m^li 
 
 ' I ,, 
 
 i-MMJI.-i 
 
 
 u t1» 
 
 I'M 5 
 
 
r 
 
 ASIA in General. 
 
 tuii 
 
 It if 
 
 !!S 
 
 H d' 
 
 Gems, the mofl Aroinatick Spices, the moft Bal- 
 luiiiick and Salubrious Drugs, the fined Silks, and 
 thirichtit Metals; befidcs Fruits and otlicr Plants of 
 mere Delicious Kinds, than the other Parts of the 
 World are aiquaintcd with. And as this WM the 
 . toll delightful Habitation, it has been the Seat ot" 
 he grcatelt Monarchici- ihat ever appeared in the 
 World. 
 
 But much of its ancient Glory is loft, for the 
 Tiiikjh Rudeiiefs has rcndcr'd that part of it, which 
 was the muft Poliic, a wild uncultivated Land. And 
 at this time y*y?.i is only confideraWe for the rich Com- 
 modities it affords, and on which Account it is con- 
 tinually Nidtcd by our Merchants. 
 
 ASIA is Situated on the Eafl of Europe, com- 
 mencing at the ^Sth. Degree of Longitude (thcfirft 
 Meridian being laid on tlie Well fide of h'crre Ifland) 
 and extends to the 1 50th. Degree, which may be 
 leckon'd 6cco MUcs. In its Latitude it pofleffes all 
 the T'wpcir.tr, the greateft part of the Tarriii, and 
 part of the I'rigid Zones ; lb that it enjoysthe whole 
 14 Cli:nates, ^and its loiigeft Days, arc from i 2 to 
 24 Hours. 
 
 Its Boundaries arc, On the Weft, the Mediren-a- 
 nenn, the HeJ, and the Black:Seaf, the Mountains 
 which bound the Mujioviitn Xvtitry, and the River 
 Obf. The Konhern Ocean is its general Boundary 
 on the North ; as the Imiiim and Haltern Oceans, 
 arc on the South and Half. 
 
 In fo vaft an extent of I and, the Soil muft to be 
 furc be various, but in general it may be declared 
 ( fome Parts of Arabin and Tcrtniy excepted ) a Rich 
 and Fruitful Country. 
 
 The Inhabitants are reckon'd to be of Effeminate 
 Natures, bur we ought to remember, that thofe wc 
 converfe with are of the moft Southern Parts, which 
 we know produces not fo robuft Natures as the 
 North ; and therefore we may fuppofe the Northern 
 Inhabitants to be equal to us, at leaft 'tis certain 
 thofe of them that have appeared in the South i I 
 mtan the Twiiy and Tartari, are Men of as much 
 Force and Courage as any. Thofe of the Southern 
 Parts excel in Ingenuity, and fend us curious pieces 
 of Workmandiip, which our moft Polite Mechanicks 
 can fooncr envy than imitate. Whether the remark, 
 that they arc fordid Admirers of Monarchy be juft, 
 wc cannot judge, fur the mighty Powers of the Prin- 
 ces, has always kept them in Slavery, and they have 
 never had an Opportunity of exerting the Love of 
 I iberry, which certninly muft be as innate to them, 
 ■ as it is to the reft of Mankind. 
 
 fn Religion they are very ftupid, as will be rea- 
 dily granted, when 'tis confider'd that the Maho- 
 mctan is the bcft and moft rational among 'cm. That 
 Opinion prevails over all Twl^y, Arnhiit, and part of 
 Titrtary and Wm ; and the Seft of it who own Haly 
 for their Head in Pifjl.i. But in that pare of India 
 where Mahameli/m is nc: receiv'd, as alfo in China, 
 Jtipi'i, t?i-. they are ftupid Idolaters, and Exercife 
 . moft extravagant, and even moft cruel Rites in their 
 Worfliip of Thoiifands of Images. 
 ' Oin-fildred Lord haViiigrbve;tledhimfclf in this part 
 of the Wofid^ ir was the theatre of rfie firft Promul- 
 igarionofriie<iofpd; which fpread fofuccefsfully,that 
 -cvtn iin!tiie Apbttulicfc Age it wastaughtfo far off as 
 ■Min: Bar sts the unwortliirxtfi of Q»»iUiansproduced 
 :that Dclinnciation reveal'd to St. ?«/;>', the Churches 
 3in the wy/rt-Afmcr were aJb;<ndon'4 to PerfpCMpLons,and 
 'by the Baibarifiiis of the Siira^ini, Tartart, and 
 ■ Titr^s. in fine, mtttrly Deftro/d Aodaltho'^e^jurc 
 
 Light of the Gofpel coulJ never be extinguifli'J 
 but a large Number have always t:cen found incicry 
 Part of ////.», who profcfs the Chrillian Faith, yet 
 thi-o' the Rudencfs of their Governors, the Chuivli 
 has for many Ages been in t Servile State. 
 
 To omit the many fccijpulous Niceties of j^if « 
 and others in theDivifKjouf ylfit, wc Ihall conliJer 
 it under the levcrul Dominions it is now fubjccl to 
 which naturally enough divides it it. 10 Five Cwm 
 Parts, namely, JVIik^liT, i-- /■. /(..V J ./, iNUI.i 
 CHINA and T/J /<^T.//<^7; befidcs the Ill.inds, many 
 whereof will no', come into any of thefe CiallL's • 
 and tho'itmaybcobjeiitcJ, that iivt.uy is not under 
 one Government, and that hi'iiit c.xtr.i (Uir'-m ism- 
 dependant of the Grc.u-M-'gii!, as alfo that tL' 
 greateft of Wni/i/.i is exempt from the Ti,,/;; anj 
 therefore each of thofe Ihould be diviticd into its re- 
 fpedlivc Parts; yet in this Pl.icc, it is Icfs ncccirary 
 to clogg the Reader's Memory too much, but rather 
 give him thofe Diltinftions, when we come to fpcak 
 of thofe Particular Parts. 
 
 A View of the Whole. 
 
 ^ 
 
 r (yiSI/lMINOI{, 7, . . 
 
 I Weftern JSr/(f// and Pr.lcJiine,(lV"^ '"'m 
 T;»Ax. JAIiABlA partly un-(^°7'° 
 
 l« dcriheTw/;. 
 
 \ South. 
 
 ft;' 
 
 fDIABECKi, i.e. Ajfph, Cbaldit, 
 Eaftcrn ) and Mcfopceamia. 
 Tiiik;. SrVliCOMANlA, or the Ancient 
 
 C Aimcniamapr. 
 
 GEOl{_GIA, MENGI{ELIA, partlyfubjcd 
 to the Tor/;, and partly to the ffyJi«. 
 Smaller Parts adjoining, fubjv'it to their own 
 Princes, with fome Depe/ida'icc on either the Tuil{ 
 or Perjliti, are, 
 
 Imeritia, Circafiit, Comamia, &c. 
 
 On the Eaft of T//r<^, lies PEHSI^Ap^p' 
 comprehending \partUa,&c^ 
 
 More Eaft ward, MOGVLLISTAN or IXDOSTAN, 
 confiftingof 39 Provinces or Kingdoms. 
 
 maybe confiderdin four greatC„,„,„,„Wto ihe 
 Parts, ly.ng South of ^fc^«/;y/rt«.^g^,^„_^,,^ ')m^„,_ 
 
 On th» Eaft of thofe lies, 
 
 INDIA txtm rP EGV, jEach contaimng 
 
 G.mgem, or the .^5 I W JW, Smany fmall 
 
 Kingdoms of ^TONQJJIN. ) Kingdoms. 
 
 And fattheft E?ftward lies CHINA, coitipre* 
 hendiflg 1 s large Provinces. 
 
 On the Nonh of all thefe lies, 
 
 /'L'jif^in thf*Sonth, 
 TAI{TAI{T, ootnnionjy )>//!/ f in the North, 
 confider'd in four Parts, yTmcljeftun 'Mid land, 
 CC<«j!);;;.in the Eaft. 
 
 ThiTi much for the Con tinent. 
 
 ' -■ The 
 
• Mtdiil, 
 
 lM,kc_ 
 
 The 
 
 rVRKY in JSU. 
 
 The INLANDS of ylfia maybe confider'd in 
 
 ihiec CUflcs* viK- 
 
 f Ciirui, 
 
 I, The Iflands on the Coaft of J Ltsbos otMtttlinc, 
 4fiii. in lUeMetiiterranean-Sea. ^Chiot ot Scio, 
 
 ^CoototLrttigo, &c. 
 « Cr)loii, 
 y The Ma!ilive-]JIandj, 
 
 U. Tbofe in the J Borneo, &c. 
 Iniim-Octim '^The Sfice-IJlands, Banda, &c. 
 
 /The McluecA-lflandt , Ternatr, 
 
 I T/i/cr, &c. 
 
 ^ Amkynn, Cerani, Gihic, &c. 
 
 III. Thofe in.bc 5SSt;:!'i& 
 — o /^ . < I be JitpoHeJe-lllanai, 
 
 Eanern Ocean. jTheiLro„«.//7.«^k 
 
 We fhall now Proceed to the particular Delcnp- 
 tions of each part, beginning with Anatolia as being 
 the neareft to Eurofe, thence palCng.thro" Sjria, Pa- 
 lejiine, Arabia, Uiarbtck^, Georgia, &c. proceed to 
 Perfia, and having furvey'd all that Kingdom, go 
 thro" Tartnry into Irtdia, view all that Continent 
 and the Iflands adjacent : Then pa& into China and 
 Japan. 
 
 Of TURKY in ASIA. 
 
 i^j Jgn^.ff|j>-tfffi^ 5 .^rtf ff 
 
 •4^ 
 
 •^4 
 
 "*, 
 
 Ut\ OF 
 
 Irop] 
 
 tutino, 
 
 "Tab. X aut •»^'^ 
 
 I .r; 
 
 ,1.1'. 
 
 E TJ X 
 
 .»"' 
 
 The ^■: -. ,1 J: !.lir,(' 
 
 I :n- iL Sea '-' ■ 
 
 CeUiu Coti 
 
 JtamMUA 
 
 
 J'^ 
 
 <h'* 
 
 
 
 ,.M1« 
 
 J»/. 
 
 "*i 
 
 _ .Vli.-..'"'/'.. 
 
 
 
 P\i!n 
 
 " Curiel .•• a 
 URCOMA 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 S^Ser44* 
 
 ^^.^^^sM. 
 
 
 ;^- 
 
 VX, I.A- 
 
 Mi« 
 
 
 r ."-v/ -'"-•''V^Wi- ... Oimauj^. _. 
 
 ""^ 
 
 
 &,«<■/<«» 
 
 
 .oVtfMic*'" 
 
 
 ^^ Vtiitrin 
 
 
 siA. Minor 
 
 J,. rPttA . 
 
 IMENIAAs SYRIA. 
 
 Iu)Aa -Mesopotamia 
 1*11(1 Geokgia- 
 
 JUdrnj Jicit. 
 
 M X D ITE RR AN EA 
 
 -.!>«„ 
 
 ■" ,' ^ JJ 
 
 r^nim %'■, 
 
 
 J' 
 
 
 ,^ HMi 
 
 |: ■; ■(, 
 
 ,'V 
 
 
 "' ! 
 
 
rvRicr in jisiA 
 
 J 
 
 '/ 
 
 CHAP, t : V 
 N4T0LIA or ASIA-MJ^OK. 
 
 "Myltetia or Anatolia, c»Hed NaiUlu by the Twrj^^f, 
 * and by theanr'''nt Grer/I;^ M i'«ir«n\», by rea. 
 fon of it its Eaflern Situation from Eurofi, ai)d on the 
 fame account called alfo the Levant by Eurepcani, 
 had anciently the Name of Afifi fimply, by way of 
 Excellency, as being the lieft Part of Ajia, for in it 
 were Icatcd very many Noble Cities and Confidera- 
 ble States .- But fince diftiiiguiili'd by the Epithet 
 Minor, 
 
 It is a large Veninfuta of about 300 Miles Broad, 
 and 600 Long, bounded on iheNprth by the Euxine 
 or Blacl^-Sra. 
 
 On the Weft by the Jhracian B*/fhorm,tbe Profontu, 
 and the ArchifiUvo. 
 
 On (he South by the EafternPanof ihtMedittr- 
 rancan-Sea. 
 
 And on the Eaft by Georgia, the River Euphratu, 
 which divides it from Turcomania ; and by the Con* 
 tines of Sjria, 
 
 It extends from the )6ih. to the4itlf. Degree of 
 Latitude; and from the 48th. to the 60th. Degree of 
 Longitude. 
 
 Nature has given this Country a very Healthful 
 Oimate, and Fruitful Soil, but the Turkj/h Tyranny 
 lias render'dit almofl Deikrt .- Our Engllfh Merchants 
 Travelling tbicher on account of Trade, have fire- 
 quenrly the Curiofity to villt the Antiquities of this 
 once Famous G)untry, but fee nothing but Ruln^ 
 and can only lament its Misfortunes. Nay, even 
 the Fields are uncultivated, and the Grounds that 
 would produce the beft Grains and Fruits, are co- 
 vered with Brvnbles and Weeds. Where it is cul- 
 tivated, it affords excellent Corn, Fruits, moft deli- 
 cious Grapes, the faireft Olives ; Cotton, Rhubarb, 
 Opium, Calls,and other valuable Drugs ; which with 
 Sttk, Grogram Yam, andfome few Tapeftriesand 
 Carpets, arefenttoHnrt^^ 
 
 N/itolia taken at large, comprehends the ancient 
 Regions of Galatia, Paphlagonia, Bjibinia, Pontur, 
 Mj/fn^ Phrygia, Lyditi and Mania, JEoUs, Ionia, 
 Carta, Dorit, Pamfhilia, Pifidia, Capadocia, Lyeia^ 
 Pifidia, Lycaonia, and Cilicia. 
 
 It!> prefent Divifion according to Geographers, is 
 into Four Parts, w^- i. Natolia properly io called, 
 the Weftem Pan. J. Caramania, the southern Part. 
 3. AladuUa^ the Eaft Part, uA^.Atnafia, the North 
 Fart. By the Turl{t the whole is divided into Five 
 Parts, under the Government of Five BegUrbegt 
 wbore(ideatC()(7<(U'"f Tocat, Trabt^ond, Matyc, and 
 Iconium. Thefe are fubdivided into leller Govern- 
 ments called Sangiaekfltei, denominated from the 
 City or I'own where the S<>n^i4c/^relides. 
 
 A Table of the Cities and Towns in NATOLIA, 
 wherein thofe that tvece anciently Confiderable, 
 are noted as well as the Modern. 
 
 The Places of chief' 
 Note in that part, 
 which WIS the An 
 
 cicnt 
 
 ,i3 
 
 ■ Prufa Of Burfs, Cap.' 
 J Chalcedon, 
 [BytJuVM-iNice, 
 
 t Nicomedia, 
 *Libiffiat , -£ 
 
 Mylia 
 and 
 Phrygia: 
 
 A 
 
 
 'Colis. 
 
 'Vj^ieui', 
 
 Patium, 
 Lamjifacutf 
 Ahymif 
 Troy, 
 
 Troat Alexniria^ 
 ScamaHdria, 
 Affo,, 
 Pergamut, 
 Pakfceffitf 
 Antandroi, 
 ^Pitana. 
 
 rElea, 
 tMyritUf 
 
 SCuma. 
 
 fonia: 
 
 Caria. - 
 
 Doris. 
 
 Phocital 
 
 Smyrna^ 
 
 Cla;(meneofVrU^ 
 
 ^rjthrUt 
 
 Tm/, 
 
 Ltbidusl 
 
 Colophon, 
 
 EphefuSf 
 
 JPriene. 
 
 fJUiletutl 
 
 Palatfchia; 
 
 HeracUa, 
 
 Boryglia^ 
 
 Mylafa, 
 
 Amy:^on, 
 
 Alabandal 
 
 Stratonice, 
 .Alynda. 
 
 ' Myndtts', 
 
 ^Halicamaffiu, nOW Nefi, 
 : Ceramut, 
 fCnydui, 
 . Crejfa. 
 
 Sardis'. 
 
 Philadelphia, now Machfixfit] 
 Thyatira, now Akfiifar, 
 lAotnii. J Afagnefm, now Gu:(elhijfer, 
 Leodicea, now Etf^iffar, 
 
 Lydia 
 
 or 
 
 
 'Cotiteum, nowCbiutait, 
 
 Gordium, 
 
 Phrygia^ 
 Major. 
 
 Midtitm, 
 Apamitf 
 
 Coloffa, 
 
 Hiernpolis', 
 
 Sjnmtda, 
 
 Prynmefia, 
 
 .TiberoptlK. 
 
 Galatiai 
 
NATOLIJ or ASI/^MINOR. 
 
 \Germa, 
 
 C Amuriunt, 
 
 ^HerMcleSf aow PnJerMhi, 
 
 y Anufirh, now Somifiro, 
 
 '■■ 1 Cldudiofolit, IKJW CaflrimenHf 
 
 rapiiwBu-M UmifiHf now Sim<(|i», 
 ' PomfetopoliJ, 
 „Gang»r»f hn$tolili 
 
 (l 
 
 O; AM AS I A comprehcndt theic Provineei) 
 Gdaucus. IcomJf. 
 
 Pontus lT(jf«, 
 
 Ftoleauyiuc.cSf^Dy^iic.' 
 
 PootUS jPhanmcia, 
 Cappadocic. i iJchopoHs, 
 
 m. 4«L^Dt;L fit contains; 
 
 Cappidocia^ 5«v4/, 
 end fart of \Cuifkr, 
 Armenia ^Nyjfo, 
 minor. ina^ian^um. 
 
 ^JUarofch, Gip.' 
 
 Vl.eA}{^AMANIA includes thefe Provinces. 
 
 Lycia< 
 
 Telmeffits, Patara, 
 fXimtljus, Myrn^ 
 )0!ympiui, Pbafelii, 
 -Pinariti, Sec. 
 
 Panphyli 
 
 Pifidia.' 
 
 Lycwnia. 
 
 Cilida: 
 
 (Attali.%, 
 
 ia. <Per!a, j 
 
 i.Sydt, nc 
 
 now Snttillah, 
 Affendus. 
 now Candalor, 
 
 ^tngaUJfm, 
 i Atttioch-Pifidit, 
 f.TemeJfus. 
 
 Lyjlra, 
 
 O-yftr", 
 MDerbef 
 Slfduru, 
 LlcoHium, 
 
 llcoHiumf now CtigHi. 
 
 ' Silenut, Stnimitra, 
 |S«/f, Ademt, 
 kTMjus, now Theraffa^ 
 
 Tte Illands on the Coafts of AJia-JMlnor, 
 
 tBNEDOS, LESBOS, C H JOS now 5C JO, 
 SAMOS, ICAH^IA, CArilMOS mvi P A L- 
 MOSA, LE1{_IA now LEHO, CLAI{OS, 
 ASrrPAL^A mvi STAMI OLA, CAI{PA- 
 THVS WW SCAt^PANTO, RHODES and 
 
 f Pafljot or Btiffb, 
 CYPRUS, J Aimthui now Lymijjh, 
 whorechicf<NiVo/;«, Capital. 
 Towns arc / Pimagufla now Htimitciflol 
 
 K, Salamii. 
 
 laflly, The Principsl Rivers ot ASI A-U I N O !{,, 
 are, 
 
 tri; or Cnjahnnch, 
 htilis Oltnigiiith or Ah, 
 SangariusSangati or :^tgari. 
 
 ^Running into 
 ,lheii(a)w-5f(f. 
 
 CydniisotCitr/ifu, -j Running into the 
 
 Xmtbus ant Sirtit Sirl/i,fMedite> rarest?. 
 
 Maanierftvt UtiitHirui Madrc, "% „ 
 Granitui I 'V'"* 
 
 tayfht aiit C<i)ftru i Carafou, > "'"^ j, 
 
 IftrrHus ot Sambat, receiving thef '"°';"' 
 Par-tus, Cnicui Cirmafti or C/tJlri,\ ^"■>"- , 
 Scitkimder or Semaniro. J ^"•>go. 
 
 KaTOLIA propria, containing Bythlnk, Phrj- 
 gia, M/fia, j£olis,^ Jonia, Citria, Doris, Lydia, Gala- 
 ti* and P/ifhlAzonia, is the mott Wcftern Part of all 
 AJi/i, and nearell to Europe. It extends from the Coaft 
 of the hofphorus, Prcpontii and yEgcan-Sat in the WlA, 
 to the 64tn. Depree of Longitude in the IZaft, where 
 it is bounded by the two Govcrnmi nts of Arrcfia 
 and Alailulia. And from the Coall of the J.'-irvi'.-rt 
 in the North, to the Government of C^inmnn^ in 
 the South ; fo that this om; liegkrl cgnte, taices up a- 
 bove the moiety of the whole Aiir.-Mi>;or, 
 
 In our Peregrination thro' this Government, we 
 Ihall bepin with BTT.HI\}.'t now Be,Jr.,.^il, as 
 lying nextto Europe, the fmall Straight of Gouft/mti- 
 noplCy called anciently the Tmncian Bcjphcrut, being 
 all that intervenes ; and that too fo narrow, that 
 Scuttin on the Afian Shora, is reckon 'd but a Suburb 
 to Cmflhntindple, as we have already faid in our ac- 
 count of that City. The Land is naturally a very 
 good Soil, but little cultivated at prcfent. 
 
 The Chief Towns arc, 
 Chulcedon, altho' it be quite Ruin'd, yet its Situa- 
 tion lying firft in our Way, and its former State 
 dcferving remembrance, we muft fpeak of before 
 we pali forwards, h was in its t^me, a flourilhing 
 and very conGdcrable City, honoured with the 
 Seffion of the Fourth General Council of the Church, 
 and ftood two Miles from whereSruMri now hands, 
 btit is now intirely deftroy'd, and forae Ruins only, 
 tetain tht Memory of it ; nay, Scgniot Gimelli fays 
 Ik found oodiing to prove there had been fuch s 
 Qcy. 
 
 '»-# 
 
 1*. 
 
 'AM 
 
 '\'\A 
 
rVRKr in ASIA y. 
 
 UiccmeiUn, Turc. IfiniglniU or Ifinirt, feared on the 
 Side of a Hill, mthe midllot a delightful Plain, at 
 the bottom of a Day ot the I'topontu, nameiiyinMi 
 AJUcenut, 80 Miles Somh-calt from Chalcrdon ; was 
 ancioiitly a very Wealthy and Populous City, IVc- 
 queiitly honout'd with the Prcfcncc of t he /^t»»J» Em- 
 perors, and is Hill Large and Populous, coritaiA- 
 ing as Mr. T.iw.mVi. iiiturms us, joooo Inhabitami 
 who Trade in Silks, Cotton, Fruits, tarthcn and 
 Gills- Wares, and hath many Greek Churches, fair 
 Mofques, and feveral Inns and neat Bazars in it. 
 
 N ce, Turc. tjnich or Ni'c/w, lies to the South-e.ill 
 cf Xiccm-din, near the AjcAnm P.ilii), or Lake ot 
 Ac/u ; formerly rcckon'd the Metropolis of this 
 Country, and then a very coiilidcial le City ; it was 
 made Famous by being the Seat of the Hrit Gc- 
 lural Council alfemblid by the Kmpcror C>jj'ti>itinr 
 igainlt the .•tr..rt«HcrcfiCi and b) the RtiiJciiceof 
 the Greek, Kmperors for fomc time, after the Ytac 
 Iloo. wh-n Conj}mtintifle was taken by the l./itim. 
 It has a cunvcnknt Haven, and the Country about 
 it is cxceiknt f>jr Hiintinc, and affords very good 
 Fruits and Wine, which made Sultan Amiirnih build 
 a Seraglio in the highcit Fart of the Town, where 
 the T/./W/.' Emperors have fouietimes relided. The 
 prefeiit City is pictty large, and contains aboi.t 
 10000 Inhabitants, Gieckj, jevnt and Tiirl{i, who 
 Trade in Corn, Fruit, Cotton, Fine-Cloth, C?r. The 
 Streets aie neat ; and many Veltigia of ancient 
 Noble Situdurcs aie feen about it. 
 
 i' I lift 01 I') I jr. .ul Oiiiif-.i.m, Turc. Burftt,' is feated 
 on the afcent of a Hill, about ',0 Miles South from 
 Nice, having a pleafant I'lsin before it, ai'd the 
 Mountain Ohmpus behind it, both covpr'd with 
 Trees. It was the Seat ^f the TMki{h Kings, from 
 Ayi, IJ26. till the taking ot i'mftantiho'le, at d is 
 ftill a very Fcurilhing City, well Inhabited and en- 
 joys a gooc. Trade, being one of the Stages of the 
 Caravans, that pals from Alepp ■ and I'erjiit to '-'</«- 
 J}ii>itimif<le. T.iveriiin tell US, a Caravan goLS every 
 two Months from hence to /'tr/iij, and both he and 
 Sir Geory^c il'tdcr, tell us the Tifk' li*e here in bet- 
 ter Splendor, wiih refpcit to their Houfes and Fur- 
 niture, than in other Places. The Length of this 
 City according to 'Ih:vcnor, is half a French League, 
 in the midlt whereof Hands a Cattle upon a Hill, 
 which cou.mands the Town, and is exceeding ttrong 
 fays Thcienct j but GimcUi fays, it is little frequented 
 and goes to Ruin : This wasihc Grand Seignior's Pa- 
 lace 1 henct Hatlis in tliisCity, are much praifed 
 for their Virtue by Tlicvont, and G'/'»/;ctf/ dcfcribes a 
 vciy handfonie one, at a little diltance out of Town. 
 l.iunU'.-, feated about the mid-way between (.Vi/- 
 ccd n and t<;ccnie.i'a, is memorable for the Death of 
 He.niLtil, v\ho here made away with himfelf, rather 
 than be delivered up to the Hfimnn!, as the treache- 
 rous King of ii}tlnnia intended. 
 
 MT^IA and PlIR^TGlA minor, adjoyn on 
 the South-welt to Uuhlni/i, having the Prefantis fox 
 the Northern bounds, the Hellejpont on the Weft, 
 Pi:) , gill AUjir on the Faft, .and the ArcUpcl/:go and 
 Lydin on the South. 1 he River Granicm, Famous 
 for the tirft Battle between Alexander and Darius 
 fought on its Banks, rifes in the Mountanous part of 
 this Countrey and after a (hortcourfe of 50 or 60 
 Mi\es from South to North falls into the Prefontis. 
 Alfo, Mount Ida whereon the Poets fay, Parit gave 
 Judgment between the Goddeflcs, is feated here. 
 
 The Chief T jwns are, 
 
 0<ifH»orf/j/^icc,by othei ■ named ?/■',.■;■», or ^pini» 
 and by others Pah^nu. In the l{mnit tu)i«j, 1 wu 
 the Mctroi'olis of the Confular lleUe/poii), aid wji 
 thvn a inoft Beautiful and Strong City. Amonj? m 
 many Noble huildiiips, the chief 1 eiuplc was (ig- 
 nally nouble tor us Pompous Strudfure. The niit 
 Kuin of this Place began by an Earthijiiake, anj 
 the fallen Marbles were carried otf to einbellilh Oh- 
 ftrtntincple, which hindred its Ke-Hrniiiiire, and it is 
 at this time but an ordiniry Place. It (hnds on an 
 Idand joined to the Cominent by Bridges, on the 
 South-ealt Coatt of the Piopo>,iii, 60 Miles Welt 
 from i\/cf, and South weft from S^icomedia, 
 
 To the Weitward oi Ci-{icui in the Vnpantis^ |it$ 
 the lllaiid i'ldcnrjjis, at a lifle diltan:e from the 
 North Coaft of .'^i^fia ; it is about 10 Miles in Cir- 
 cuit, and atfords lb great a quantity of Marble thic 
 it has tlicncc rectir'a its M' dern Name, and from it 
 the whole Pri pontii is caled the Sea of Mi\rnur,i, 
 
 Ptniuw, ca\li:d Ad'njfea by liumcr, ftaads abeut 
 lo Miles within Land, and is mentioned in Antiquity 
 for the Colony of K^.mnin fettled there. 
 
 LmiifJ.icui, feated on the Propvntis, at the Mouth 
 of the Hc'lijpvnt over againlt Gullipuli, Famoi;s only 
 tor being Infamous enough to defcrve Dcitru(aion, 
 which when MexMdir had rcfolv'd on, he was hin- 
 dred by a Wile ; for when the Ainballadours came 
 to hini to obtain Favour, he before Hand Iwoichc 
 would deny their Reque.'l, which gave tlicni an Cp- 
 portunity to fave their City, by deliring him to dc- 
 itroy it. 
 
 Al))dus or i4i;)Wr, the Caftle oppolite to S'J'a, 
 ftands at the Mo'ith of the HeUffpom ; maJe memo- 
 rable by the Poetical Story of Hoo aiiii :..:iv.ie' ; 
 but more memorable lor the notable Ktllibiice it 
 \i.i&'Ao Philip oi' Meadon, and the Hcrciek Bclia- 
 v.uur of deftroying ihtmfelvcs, when no longer able 
 to refift. It was taken by the Tiiikj ihro' the I'lca- 
 chery of the Governor's Daighter, about the Y ar 
 1330. and is ftill one of their Caftles of the .';,; ii.i- 
 >ieli ; fo named from Utirdnnui a imall Town, 
 which ftandi on the Coaft a little more to theSoith. 
 To proceed, without regard to the Bounds cf 
 J^yji", and the Phrigin pnii/t, which arc long liiKc 
 broken down; paffiiig forward to the Souih, you enter 
 the Region of Trcai, where ftood the City. 
 
 T' oy or Ilium, ieattd on the River Scurtn.mdcr, a 
 few Miles from the Sea-Coalt, having the Advan- 
 tage of a very commodious Haven, made by ilic 
 Iflaiid Tenedos, which lay along its Coalts at two or 
 three Leagues diftance. It was in its lime a conii- 
 derable Place, at leaft Ilcmer and yirgii have riii- 
 der'd it fuch in their inimitable Poems, on the Wars 
 of the Greeks againft it. The ten Yean Siege, and 
 the glorious Ads of the Heroes on both fides, is fo 
 much the Subjeft of every Bodies talk, that 'tis 
 needlefs to repeat that Story. Travellers inform us, 
 that there are ftill to be fecn the Ruins 0' its Walls, 
 and Veftigia of its ancient Grandeur, which is fomc 
 anfwer to thofe who look upon that Story as wholly 
 fabulous. At prefent the Haven is choak'd up with 
 Sand, and not at all frequented. 
 
 Tro/is Alexrjtdria, Built by Lyfimachus, in Honour 
 of Alexander the Great, ftood fome few Miles to the 
 South. This is fuppofed to be the Place meant by 
 the Apoftle, A(\! lo. 6. it being at that time the 
 Metropolis of the Province, but now in Ruins, and 
 cail'd by i\\fTutk} Atk,i-Stamboul. 
 
 Scumnndrit 
 

 kATOLU or ASlA^MlNOR. 
 
 ' Scjiiwi.iria was a ftrong Fortrcfii, futprizcd by 
 Oiiimnn I. aiui ever fince poflcflccl by the Vurl^i : 
 but iiislli^lucJ, and now not remarkable. 
 
 /(//d;, nicnuoncd by the Apoltlc, /idi lo. n. 
 flandt on the South Coalt of this Province, about 
 10 Mile» Souih-caft UomJioAs Alexand, Farther 
 to ihe Halt (land Palejcepfn, Antmidrct, othtrwifc 
 call'd St. Dhmtri, AnJrimiltum or Endromit ; all 
 featcd upon the Shoar of the Bay, which takes its 
 Naitie from this ialt Town. They arc Sees of Chri- 
 flian Bilhops, as is alfo I'itma, fcated on a River of 
 the (amc Name 30 Miles more to the South. Eall 
 froin which, about 20 Miles diflant Hands 
 
 Pctf^r.mui, fcated in a fair Plain near the Banks oF 
 the River Ouu/ ; famous in its time for being the 
 Scatof a Race of Kings <''<: firfl whereof was I'hi- 
 Iticiui an Eunuch, Servant to Anti^onus, one of 
 y</«W(:i 'a Captains, who by the means of a great 
 Wcalrh of bia Mailer's, which he fcizcd on in ius 
 Cadlc, fet up for a King, and left it to his Brother, 
 who being fuecceded by Sons and Nephews for a- 
 bout 150 Years, Attalus the lall King bequeathed 
 it to the i\cm<ini. This City was Honoured by tiie 
 Birih of Gnlen, the famous Phylitian, and tiotcd by 
 bcinc one of thole Seven Churches, againft whom 
 Goil 9 Wraih is denounced by St. ?o/j». Parchment 
 wasinvented here, and retains its Name to this Day. 
 Alfo Tapiltry Hangines were invented by King At- 
 talus, and firft made liere. It was alfo famous for 
 the Noble Library crcdled by its Kings, wherein 
 10000 Volumes written on Parchment were placed. 
 Its Ruins described by Dr. Smith, tenific its ancier.t 
 (' II' ';i'; : But in its prefent State, 'tis but an ordi- 
 nary Ijkcc, inhabited by T«i|^;, whofe M >f(iuc is an 
 ancient large and handu>m Chriftian Church, and a 
 few Chriltians who have a Giurch. 
 
 MO LIS with IONIA, adjoyn on the South to 
 Plrrypitrtninor, running Southward m a narrow 'I'raift 
 along ihe Sca-Coaft, to the .j 7th. Degree of I-atitude. 
 Itoaftituted the Proconfular W/;4 under the R^mars. 
 In /Eolit ilood thefe Towns, 
 
 £/(■<», at the mouth of the River Caicus, the Port 
 to Pegnnuit, and the Birth-place of !^ctto the Philo- 
 (bplicr. Myrina called afterwards Sebnliopolis. Cum.t 
 that gave Name to one of the SyiiiUs, it was the 
 Capiial of /Eoiu, and ftands on the Sea-Coaft. As 
 doth alfo Plmca or P»gg'ii, feaied more to the South ; 
 the Inhabitants of this City, are faid to have been 
 the Founders of Marjeiilet in Fmnct, for being 
 driven from their Country, by the Severity of the 
 PiiJUttj, they rambled till they fettled there: It is 
 now a finall Place, altho" the See of a Bifliop. 
 About 10 Miles from it to the Weft, ftands another 
 little Port-Town of the fame Name, but dittinguilh- 
 ed with the adjun£l of Kv.i, xvhith is a neat Place, 
 with a good Harbour and Caftle. All thefe Towns 
 lie over aj^^ainft the Ifland Leshoi. 
 
 In Ionia, which ftcetcties along the Sea-Coaft 
 Southward from Aiolij, are thefe Towns. 
 
 Smirna, TuTC. Ifmjr, featcd in Lat. 38 Deg. 
 40 Min. on the IJlhmus of the lonliin Peninjula, near 
 the Gulphof the /Egeeyi-Sea, to which it gives Name, 
 and the River Mclei which here fells into the Her- 
 mus, and both into the Bay, on the tide of a Hill in a 
 healthful temperate Air, and a fruitful Soil. > was 
 eminent under the l{im/ins, and was the Seat 01 ccc 
 of the feven Churches of Chriftians ; and has for 
 many Aaes been a very confiderable Place on account 
 of Trade, which makes it reforted to by Merchants 
 
 of all Countries, Twkj, Gretkj, Armemuni, Pt ■', 
 and JcBK, Ijefides I'.ioi'pf/iii Nations ; e' ily 
 F.nglilh, many of our Merchants conlbutly ruiding 
 there, and having a Conful fir their Protcdiion. 
 The Town has fuHered divers Conv\illinns by Earth- 
 quakes, elpccially one in our l).ii\ namely, '/iwe 
 30. 1688. about Ndon a moll UnaJ'ul one liroke 
 oiit, which immediately ovcrtlircw the grcated I'art 
 of the Houfes, the CalUe was fwallowcd up in i 
 Chafm that opened under it,andthe whole Town wag 
 very rudely fhattered : 5000 Pcrfi^ns perifhed, and an 
 immenfe Wealth was fwallow'd up. To add to 
 their Mifery, a few Hours after a /"ire broke out, 
 which conUimcd almoft all that was left. But it is 
 fincc Rebuilt, and the Merchants who had rctit'd to 
 the Ifland CLio near adjacent arc rcturn'd This was 
 one of the Seven Cities that claim'd to have_ given 
 Birth to Homer, which they were fo proud of, thac 
 they built a Sumptuous Temple to his H.inour. 
 SirOeogeH'/jechr aivIMt. Titvemio, v»ho faw it in 
 its flourilhing State, dclcribe it as a beautiful Place, 
 built like an Amphitlicatre on the (idc of a Hil), 
 which opeii'd to the Suuth-e:ift ; But Dr. SmitL who 
 was there in 1^70. places the Modem Town in the 
 Plain nu"'' Heaven; and fiys, the many ftately 
 Ruins on th • -nt of the Hill, Ihcw that the old 
 City fioud there. The Caftle was old and ruinous, 
 fays Dr. S)niti , it commanded thcGulphfor 3 or 4 
 Leagues dilunce fays TfjUiTnu"^. The Haven is en- 
 comr;": 1 wiih !>' xks, except at its opening on the 
 Wei .ays Smith ; aid 'tis well guarded by two 
 Ciftles fays The nut. It was rockon'd by theft- Tra- 
 vellers, to com itn 90000 Inhabitants, and to be 
 one of the loft conliderable Cities of all the Levant 
 for Tride. Seignior ('•imelii was there (ince the 
 Earthiiuakc, in the Year 169?. who*"- Account of 
 the Stateof it is thus. ' The Compafs ct'the M'ldern 
 ' City is about four Miles, its (hape irregular, fume- 
 ' what drawing to a Triangle, v.hofe (idc next the 
 ' Mountains is longcft. There is no Beauty in the 
 ' Buildings, for they are little Hovclsafter x\\cTwl(ijk 
 'fafhion, vcrylow with mud Walls, rebuilt lincc the 
 ' Earthquake- But the Xans or Caravanlcra's 
 ' for lodging Strangers, are very large and well 
 ' built ; the Streets arc large, and the whole City a 
 ' continued Bazar or Fair, where nothing that can be 
 ■ wilh'd for is wanting, either for Cloathing, Sufte- 
 
 * nance or Pleafure, becaufe all the beft Commcdi- 
 
 * ties of Europe and .-</ij, are brought hither and Sold 
 ' at cheap Rates. The Confuls of Englnnd, Fiance, 
 ' and HolLvid, live great ni ftati ly Houfes near the 
 ' Sea. The Country about this Town, is very Fer- 
 til and Plcafant, abounding (fays Thevrnrt) with 
 Olive Trees, Vines, and Gardening, and the Wine 
 is excellent. The SoapEanh near this City, isre- 
 koned a Rarity, 'risa fatncfs boiling out of the Earth, 
 which being boiled up with Oil, becomes excellent 
 Soap. Among the ancient Ruins, there arc the re- 
 mains of a H^iwan Circus and a Theatre. 
 
 Cla^omeiie, noviVilnotVouila, the Birth-place of 
 ■Anaxagoras. jV.rytln\t«, meniorable for the Habita- 
 tion of one of the Sybil: Teos, the Birth-place of 
 Anncreon, and Lebidus, are all fmall Sea-Ports round 
 about the Ionian Pemnjida. 
 
 CqlophoM, another of the Cities that claim Wmer, 
 whofe Inhabitants were fo Famous ancicnly for their 
 Skill in Horfemanfhip, that they always brought 
 Viflory to theSidcsthey took,fo that Cohphonetn addert 
 bcca'ne ' Proverb, to exprefs a good end of any Bu- 
 finefs, ftands 30 Miles South from Smima. 
 
 Ephcfut 
 
 ..Ml- 
 
 M 
 
 -Vi 
 
 V ' '" i \ 'hi 
 
 k.^^' 
 
8 
 
 fvkkr in Jsij, 
 
 Ephefus or Efejo, Turc. Ajafahuch, altho" now 
 but a fmall Village, was heretofore a mof^ nobla 
 City. Itftands about jo Miles South from Smyrna ^ 
 near the Mouth of the River Caijlrm, and the Shore 
 of the 'carian-Se/t, which is a Bay of the JEgean. 
 ItsSitu.j.on was delightful on theHdeof aHill, and 
 a pleafant Rivulet, with a fine Haven at fome di- 
 fiance ; it was under the Rj/mans the Metropolis of 
 Mtt, and the Seat of the Primate of that Diocefs. 
 Chriftianity was early planted in it, and Timothy 
 was its iirjl Biihop. St. Paul wrote one of his Epi- 
 flles to this People, which is Hill a part of our Canon 
 of Scripture : St. John the Apoftle was Buried here ; 
 aiMl the Third General Council of the Church was 
 held in this City. In its more early State, ic ivas 
 famous for the Temple erected in it to Dinna, of fo 
 beautiful and magnificent Strii(5lure, that it was 
 reckoned the Wonder of the World .- It was 415 
 Foot long, and 2io Foot broad, fopportcd by 1 17 
 Marble Pillars ( 17 whereof were very curioufly 
 carved,) of 70 Foot in height ; the old Accounts 
 fay it was loo Years in Building, but fooncr De- 
 ftroyed by the Villanous Ambition of Hcroflmtus, 
 who to make his Name memorable fet it on Fire, 
 on the fame Night that Alexander }}k Great was 
 Born. An ancient Chriftian Church, now a Turl(i/h 
 Mofquc is flill (landing, as alfo the Ruins of fcveral 
 others ; there are flill to be fecn the Veftigia of a 
 /{(j»j<;» Theatre, Circus and Aquedui2, as alfo heaps 
 of ftately Ruins, which fome fuppofc to be the Re- 
 mains of Diitna's Temple : But with little Probabi- 
 lity I think, for the City was in a flourifhing State, 
 fo long after the Deftru(3ion of that Temple, that 
 'tis unlikely the Stones of it thould not have been re- 
 mov'd. At prefent Efhefo is the Habitation of 40 
 or 50 Families only. 
 
 Pricne, the Birth-place of Bias, one of the Wife 
 Men of Greece, flood in the limits of this Coun- 
 try. As did alfo Magnefin where Theomijlocles died in 
 Exile. 
 
 The next Province to the South of Imii, was 
 C/ll{^Iyi with DOI{IS, now Aidintlly; furround- 
 cdby the Sea on the Weft and South, and the River 
 Meander on the North. 
 
 The Chief Towns in it are, 
 Miletus, now PaUtfchi/i, formerly one of the big- 
 geft Cities, but at prefent a Place of fmall account, 
 Itands on th';' South fide of the River Meander ; near 
 theSea-Coaft; the Birth-place of Thales, and fome- 
 timc the Scat of an Oracle of jlpoUo^ to whom they 
 built a Magnificent Temple. This is the Place men- 
 tioned, y^flj 10. Sir George (Vlieeleridli us, there arc 
 ftill large Ruins to be feen, but the Town confills 
 only of a few Shepherds Cottages. Near Miletus 
 ftood the Mountain Lathmus ; where, as the Poets 
 feigned, the Moon made her vifits to hndymion, on 
 whom (he was enamour'd. Heraelea tid Latmum, 
 at the foot of that Mountain towards the Sea-Coaft. 
 Borptia, menrioncd in Antiquity for its Temple 
 ereifted to Diant, ftands 40 Miles South from He- 
 raclcn. Myl/iff.t, 10 Miles Eaft from Borgylie, was 
 famous for two Temples of Jupiter ; and a Noble 
 one built to the Honour of Augujlui Ctfar, the 
 Ruins whereof arc (till feen, as alfo the Remains of 
 a Colnmn called the Pillar oi Meander, and of a 
 little Temple. Thefe three arc BiOiops Sees, as are 
 alfo /iiny^on, /lUkind.i, Stratmice, and Alynda ; all 
 fcatcd in tiie Limits of this Province, but none of 
 them confidcrable enough to deferve Defcription. 
 
 D OH^IS conftitutei the Southern part of Caria] 
 and has thefc Towns. 
 
 Myndm, a S^^a-Port on a Small Bay named Ja/j- 
 cus Sinus, foimerly a fmall Town, whofe Inhabi- 
 ta Its in Vanity had built fo large.Gatcs to it, that 
 Diogenes bad them take care the Town d;d not run 
 out at the Gates. At prefent 'tis the Chief Town 
 in thefe Parts, as being the Seat cf the Turkij}} 
 Sangiack. 
 
 Halicarntiffus, Turc. Nf/J, (lands more to the South, 
 an uninhabited heap of Ruins ( fays Sir Gmge 
 Pplieeler) at this time, altho' fo Famous formerly ; 
 'twas the'Royal Seat of C4^i/T, and by Queen ^rrf. 
 mejia was adorn'd with a Tomb, in Honour of her 
 Husband Maujoteus, of fo Noble and Artificial 
 Srrudture, that it was numbered among the Nine 
 Wonders of the World. This City had the Honour 
 to give Birth to thofe two celebrated Hiftorians 
 Herodotus and Dionyfius, 
 
 Ceramus and Cnydus on the Weft, and Crcjfa on the 
 Eaftern Coafts, in the Southern Part of this Province, 
 have been notable Havens in their times, but at pre- 
 fent of no Fame. 
 
 Thus we have paffed from North to South, thro' 
 thofe Provinces that compofe the Weftern Pare of 
 Katolia propria, we (hall now return thro' the Mid- 
 land Provinces, and give you a view of the reft 
 of it. 
 
 LTD I A fo named, as 'tis faid from Lud the 
 Son of Shcm, othcrwife named MOE N I A, was 
 in its time 3 very conliderable Kingdom, and com- 
 prehended alfo both -Co/w and /owM abovcmentioncd ; 
 its ftria Limits lie between yEolis on the South-weft, 
 My/ia on the North-weft, Caria on the South, and 
 Phryfia-major on the Eafi. It was a fruitful Coun- 
 try, being watered by four conliderable Rivers, ii>. 
 the Citicui, Herinus, Calfirus and Meander, all which 
 run qoite thro' the Country from Eaft to Weft ; the 
 laft of them ihio' its many Turnings, became a Pro- 
 verb; together \v'th the Paflo/ttj a fmaller Stream, 
 but more fam'd by Poets on account of its Golden 
 Sand. It has divers Mountains, but thofe too are 
 not unfruitful, efpecially Tmolus, which is cover'd 
 with Saffron; this was the Country of King Cf .1^1", 
 who was fo famed for Wealth, 
 
 The Chief Towns were, 
 Sitrdis, the Regal Seat, now a poor Village, it 
 flood on the River Pafiolus, at the foot of Mount 
 Tmolus, about 70 Miles diftant from Sniyrt,a to the 
 Eaft ; in Chriftianity, it was the Scat of one of the 
 Seven Churches of Afia, and ftill gives Title to a 
 Bifhop. It was overthrown by an Earthquake, and 
 there are now the Remains of fome ftately Archi- 
 tedure and imperfcdt Infcriptions to be feen. 
 
 Vhiladelpbi/i, formerly the Second City, ai^d ano- 
 ther of the Seven Churches, dignified afterwards 
 with the Title cf Metropolitan. Sir George iViieeler 
 tells us, 'tis now but a poor Place, and thinly Inha- 
 bited, but Dr. Smith and others, mention it as re- 
 markable for the Number of Chriftian Inhabitants, 
 vi:{, 2000. who have four Churches. Twas the laft 
 Place in thefe Parts that Surrender'd to the Vurkj, 
 and that too not till ah-r fix Years Siege. The 
 Greeks retain its old Name, butiheT«iitjcallit .</- 
 laeh-She/er, or as it is corruptly written in the Mips 
 Alakari. It fbnds on the North fide of Tmolus in a 
 fruitful Plain, where are ftill to be feen many Marks 
 of its ancient Magni&cence>, 
 
 Tltjatirt 
 
N A TO LU or ASIA^MINOK. 
 
 tuyttira, about 30 Miles to the North- weft, now 
 called Ak}':f'tr, and fomecimcs T.x'i /?, featcJina fpa- 
 cious and delightful Plain, near the South Bank of 
 Hcimus, was another of the Seieii Churches, and 
 ftill gives Title to a Bifhop. The Ruins of ancient 
 Marble Strudturcs tcftitie its former Grandeur, but 
 ar prcfent the Houfes are but of Turf; it is a Place of 
 fome Trade for Corn and Cotton, and inhabited by 
 about <ioooTurk.i. 
 
 Ji.ilU-s, feated near the M.cnnilcr was a famous 
 Gity, and a Bifliops See in the beginning of Chri- 
 Ihanity ; but now in Ruins and called Sultan-Hifnr. 
 
 Magncfir., Turc. Gu:{ithifar, fciued on the River 
 KUitnder, about 50 Miles South from Snnlis, was 
 a very confiderablc City in its ancient State, as 
 ihe Ruins of many great Buildings dcmonflrate, 
 anil is ftilla large well built Wall'd ToWn, holding 
 a good Trade 'ith Smyrna for Cotton- Yarn. 
 
 Laodiccit, a; ither of the Seven Churches, ftood 
 on the E-flcrn limits of this Proviiicc,and fometimcs 
 icckon'd to be in PhrygU, becaufc by Conftanthie laid 
 into that Province : is by the Twc/^i called Eslii-Hi/r-.', 
 and at prcfent a heap of Ruins of vefy large extent, 
 among which arc fcen three Theatres of White Mar- 
 ble very intire, and a itately Circus, but quite dc- 
 fertcdand inhabited only by Beafts. (Dr.Sjn/V/j.') 
 
 Dingi/ler, a very large and hajidfome TwkJJh 
 Town, Hands four Miles South from Lnoiticca. 
 
 PHl{TGIA m.ijor, at prcfent known by the 
 Name of Cemi/in, is a Country of fome what larger 
 Utcnt than thofe we have been fpeaking of, but its 
 In-land Sitiistion made it abound with confiderablc 
 Towns, even fo early as Q^, Curtius'i time. It lies 
 between P/impbylia on the iSouth, Myfi^ on the Weft, 
 i)thiiu» on the North, and tiaUtia or. the Eaft, and 
 was a fruitful pleafant Country, watered by the Ri- 
 vers Sang/triiu, Hermiis, Meander, ( which all fpting 
 here) and Marfmi, which took its Name as the Poets 
 fay, frc.n the MuHcian Marfias, who contended with 
 Afoh. In this Province ftand 
 
 Ccuum, now Chiiitula, the Seat of the Twl{ifl3 
 Bcglerbcg or Vice-Roy, who Governs all the Coian- 
 iries we have mentioned, and the reft of Kaiolia frc- 
 fi"; it is a conHdetable City, feated on the River 
 Ajtln, Lac 40 D. 40 M. 80 Miles South-caft from 
 Bm/<!. 
 
 Gordium and Mid.ciini, the former the Seat of 
 lirtlius King of I'hiygin, who tied fuch a Knot in 
 /IfoSo's Temple, that the Monarchy of the World 
 was promifed to him that untied it, which Akx.-tn- 
 in cut to elude the Oracle. And the latter deno- 
 minated fiom h)s Son Midns, famous in the Poetical 
 Story for his Golden Willi and his Afles Ears, flood 
 in the Northern Limits. Ajinmiit, toward the 
 Southern Contints, feated on the Banks of the flUiDi- 
 dtr, near its Conflux with the Marji.u, formerly a 
 Place of great Tra<le, but now in Decay. Cohffe 
 now Cik'-irt, on tlie South fide of the M.t/ttider, to the 
 People V, hereof St. Paul wrote that £piftle, which 
 is part of our Canon. Hierapolh, Turc. Banibouk- 
 Kflc, k ned more to the Weft on the Frontiers of 
 W'.i; altho'nowdeferted, its Ruines appear fo Mag- 
 nificent, that Dr. Snntl< believes it to have been one 
 of the 11' ft Glorious Cities of the World : A hot 
 Spring i ifes here, which was in great Repute for its 
 dealing Virtues. Symi.tdn, noted lor its Marble. 
 Prymnefin near the head of the River Sangnnus ; .irtd 
 Ttberiopti.is, near the Mountain Si/y/w/^ ar« tha Places' 
 <if the chiefeft noie irr Phjgiti. 
 
 G AL ATI A, now named Chingve, lies nexr 
 to Phrygin on the Eaft, having Pitp'MgonU on the 
 North and Pamfhilia on the South, and had its 
 Name Galatin, from a Colony of G/i«/'s, who paf- 
 fing thro' Grecci: into Afia, fettled firft in Pbrygia- 
 minor and Myjia, but being driven thence by AttnUt 
 King of Pergamus, they removed hither ; it wai 
 alfo called Galto-Gr.ecia, from the mixture of Greekf 
 with them. 'Twas a fruitful pleafant Country, and 
 was the Place where the Stone Atnytlnjl faid to pro- 
 tedt Men from Drunkennel's was found. 
 
 The Chief Towns in it were, 
 Peffmus on the River S.ingarvs, notable in Poetic 
 Story for rhe Goddefs Cyhele^ whofe Rcfidencc was 
 fuppofed to be here; at the Rcqueft of the R^mms^ 
 her Image was removed from hence to their City, 
 but it feenis, not willing to go there, the Ship that 
 carried it ftopt in the Tyler, and could not be brought 
 forward, till a Veftal Virgin to clear her Chaftity 
 prevail'd upon the Goddefs, and by the ftrength of her 
 Girdle, the Ship was haled up. Germa novf Gennalte 
 on thclame River, a Bilhop's See. Thcrma, fo named 
 from Its hot Bath.s, mentioned by both Ptolemy and 
 Strr.i . Artcyra, Turc. .-/n^o.vr; on the River />Waj, 
 formerly the chief Town of the Tcticf.igi, and famous 
 for the Viiflorics of Pompey over Alithridr.tes, and 
 Twiei/r.i'n over Bnj'e:^er ; a Town of good Trade at 
 this time, which conlifts chicflv in Chamlets ; and the 
 Seat of a Sangiack. Laftly Amtiriion or Chiongoriy 
 a Bifhop's See ftands on the fame River Melas near 
 its head. 
 
 PONTVS and PAPHLAGONIA lay next, 
 on the North of GnUtir., divided on the Eaft from 
 Cappadccia by the River Htilis, notable for its fwift 
 Current. On the Weft by the Rivet Pauhcmitis, 
 from the Metapontus or Pmtus propria ; which iaft 
 extended Weftward to the Rivfcr Singarius ; and 
 were both bounded on the North by the F.uxine-S:/!. 
 The Name Pmtns extended far, even to all the 
 Coaft of the Euxinc-Sja, under fome diftindions. 
 This before us, is but a fmall Part of it cut off from 
 the reft by Paphlagoriia, fo that we Ihall confider 
 them together. 
 
 The Chief Towns whereof were, 
 In PONTVi now Gencch. ] Hemclea Pond 
 now Pendcijchi, a Sea-Port on the North-weft Cape 
 of this I and, fometime famotis for the Relidence of 
 a Branch of the Imperial Family Comneni. Ami^ 
 ftris, now Sem.iftro, another Sea-Port at the moutn 
 of the Rivei Partbemitis, formerly of great Strength. 
 Claiidiopolis^ otherwife called Bitlynium, and now 
 Cifiromena, feated within Land, formerly a Place of 
 Strength, and ftill a Bifhop's See. 
 
 In PAPHL AGONIA, now l{pni or B0//1.] 
 Teuthramia, now Tripoli, a Port-Town at the bot- 
 tom of a fmall Bay. Synope, now Sinabe, a large 
 Town with a very convenient Haven io the Mouth of 
 a River, to which It gives Name, is feated on the 
 North-caft Promontory ; it is a Place of good Trade, 
 and maintains a profitable Fifhery. Mithridates the 
 famous King of Pontits, had here both his Birch and 
 fiurial, it being fur fome time the Metropolis of that 
 Kingdom. Ami/us bv Simifo, felted on che Coaft in 
 the extream Eaft part of this Province. Pompeio- 
 pclis feated within Land, pear the Southern Con- 
 fines. Gtingitra or '^■^yrr., which ftands more 
 5Jorthv*atd, Was- notsme formerly for a Council 
 C held 
 
 'M'l 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 m 
 
lo 
 
 held in it, and is ftill a Biflioprick. lompolis now 
 Gimpoli. 
 
 Having now Travell'd thro' and furveyed all the 
 Provinces of KntotU ftridly fo call'd, v»c ihall pro- 
 ceed thro' the other three Parts, which we told you 
 Kutolia or AJii^-mimr taken at large, was divided 
 into. 
 
 And here AMASI A, or the Begletbegates of 
 Sebffliiui and 'lic:{^itondc, lies next on the Eaft to 
 Pnphliif^oiii.T, ^vhence we laft caine ; and compre- 
 hends the reft of I'OUTVS, under the various de- 
 nontinations of Pcntus-Galaticus, Pontus-Polemiuincui, 
 and Poniui-Cappndccicuj. 
 
 Poutiis-Gnlnticus fo called, bccaufe it was by the 
 Humans laid to Gnlatin : Lies on the North-caft of 
 Galati/i, from the Frontiers of Cappaiiocin in the 
 South, to the Banlts of the Euxine-Sea in the North, 
 extending Eaftward to the River ThermUsn, near 
 the mouth whereof ftands the Promontory or Cape 
 Hcrncteuvi now Ciibo di Liwon, The chief Towns 
 of it are, 
 
 Amafin or Amnaftn, feated among Mountains on 
 the Banks of the River Iris or Cajaiwnch, or rather 
 at a Leagues diftance from that River ; for Tavemier 
 fays, tlierc is a Trench cut out of a hard Rock 
 a League in length, to bring frelh Water to the Town. 
 It is a large place, the Capital of this Country and 
 fomccimes the Seat of the Beglerbeg, the River 
 which about 60 Miles below, falls into the Euxi'ic- 
 Sm, is fo large that Ships of Burthen can come up 
 near the Town ; but it enjoys not however much 
 Trade, nnr arc the Buildings at all BcautifviL It is 
 fo dcfciidcd by craggy Mountains, and the Caftlc 
 that is iiiacreflible, except on one fide. It has been 
 cuftomary for the Eldeft Son of the Grand-Segnior 
 to rcfide here till he is call'd to the Throne. In its 
 ancient State, this City was the Seat of the Kings of 
 Cappitdocin, and fome marks of its Grandeur ftill ap- 
 pear, in the Ruins of very Magnificent Strudlures. 
 It is the See of an Arciibifliop, and had the Honour 
 to gi\e birth to Strnbo the Geographer. Thcmijcyra, 
 now Fnnit^oiin or Loio, fcatcd on the Sea-Coaft 
 60 Miles North-eaft fiom //;«<i/iV», is a Biftiop's See, 
 and may have been formerly conliderable, being al- 
 ways nam'd among the chief Cities, butatprefent 
 'tis but in ill State. Comann, for diftin(Sion call'd 
 Vcnticir, feated in the South Borders, about 70 Miles 
 from 7"/)fw;/f;)rt and about 80 from Amafia to the Eaft, 
 is another Bilhop's See, and the next in Rank of the 
 Cities of this Province.but now not very confiderable. 
 
 Pmitui Ptolemmincus lies next on the Eaft. The 
 Chief Towns heie are, Nnocefitria now Toc«^ the 
 Metropolis of this Country, and the Seat of the 
 Beglerbeg, it is a City of large extent, and well 
 built, at the foot of a hiil, (or on a Rock as Tnvei' 
 tier,) near the Northern Bank of the Rivet Ceranus, 
 near 100 Milei Eaft from Anupa, with a Caftle for 
 its Defence ; it is the See of an Archbifliop, and ac- 
 cording to tivtrntri account, the Chriftians are fo 
 numerous ai to have 1 1 Churcha here : He aUb tells 
 us this. City it well inhabited, and is one of the 
 moft remaikable thoroughfares in the Eaft, for the 
 Caravans to and from Diarbecl^, Perfiti, Confiantino- 
 plc, Smyrim, &C. here are feveralMofqucs, and one 
 of late Stru(flure ii cfpccially notable for its Magni- 
 ficence. The beft blue Tmkfy Leather is made here. 
 The land round about this City abounds with 
 Saffron, which ii a very valuable Commodity far- 
 ther Eaftwaid. 
 
 TVRKY in ASIA. 
 
 SebajtiaotCabyrit, now Siivas, a confiderable Place 
 of great Strength, ftands about 40 Miles South from 
 Tocat. The Beglerbeg fometimcs refides here, and 
 his Government is denominated from thisCny as fre- 
 quently as from Tcc.it. 
 
 This is fuppofcd to be the Country of the Aiim. 
 3[ons or the Feminine Monarchy, who admitted no 
 Men among them, and yet were eminent in Wat- 
 like Bravery. They were originally the Wives of 
 a Scythian Army that broke into thefe Pitts, whofe 
 Huslsands being all klU'd by Treachery, the Women 
 rcvcng'd their Death, and maintained the Country 
 for fome Ages. 
 
 Pont us Cappndocictis, the moft Eaftern part of Pon- 
 tiis, extends to the Frontiers of Gcorgifi, having the 
 Armenia-minor and the upper Stream of the liiiphrnies 
 for its Southern bounds. The chief Towns are 
 Pharnacia, IJchopoln, Cir.iujuj, all on the Sca-Coalt 
 in the Weftern part. And 
 
 Trabe:{cind or Trap!^iis in the Eaflern part, feated 
 alfo near the Coaft of the Blick^-Sca, in the 4id. De- 
 gree of Latitude. A notable Place for Trade to Con- 
 jiantinoflc, Cajfa, and other Places on that Sea. 
 The City and Suburbs contain zoo 00 Inhabitsnts 
 fays Gimclli, but having fufTcr'd often by Wars, par- 
 ticularly in 1617. when the Rjiljinnt burnt it, the 
 buildings are not confiderable. Two fmall Citadels 
 guard the Town, but neither of them very ftrong. 
 This City was famous in the middle Ages for the 
 Court of the G cck^ Emperors of the Family of Cm- 
 iiehi, held in it when the Littines had taken Confim- 
 tinoplc. Alexius Ccvmemis firft began to reign here, 
 An. 1104. and David Comnenus the Eleventh in Suc- 
 ceflion was conquered, and with his Seven Sons kill'd 
 by Mehometr.he Great, An. 1461. it is ftill the Seat 
 of the Government of this Countrw, being the Re- 
 fidencc of the Beglerbeg. Other Places are nam'd 
 by ancient Geographers, but none very confiderable 
 at prefent. 
 
 A L A DULl A, or the Beglerbe^ate oF M«iV or 
 Marofch, adjoins to that of Tr'<:hi:{md on the South, 
 extending Eaftward to the River Eupbrates ; it com* 
 prchcnds Cappadocia and Armenia-minor. 
 
 CAPPADOCI A, is a large and fruitful Coun- 
 try, producing Wines and Fiuit in great Plenty, and 
 in the Mountains ( whereof a large Ridge named 
 Anti-Taurus runs quite crofs the Country,) are found 
 Mines of Silver, Copper, Iron and Ailumj diis 
 Country is alfo noted for its excellent breed of 
 Horfes. The People w- re anciently of a very Vi- 
 cious Nature, but under Chriftianity were fo re- 
 fonn'd as to produce Martyrs, Fathers and Saints in 
 the Church, Gregory Na^ian^en, Gregory KyjTen, and 
 St. B<j^//were all of this Country, as was alfo (ac- 
 cordine to the common Opinion) that great Cham- 
 pion of the Faith, St Gcigt Patron of our Order of 
 the Garter. The great River KUiis whioh rifesin 
 the Weftern limits of Gnlati.i, pafies thro' the 
 Southern Borders of this Province and 'Armemn, 
 and falls into the Euphrr.tes. The River lUh men- 
 tioned as the Weftern Boundary of Ponim, and the 
 Iris which alfo falls into the Euxine-Sei in Pmm- 
 Galaticiis, have both .hei r Fou ntai ns here , The chief 
 Towns arc, 
 
 C^jkria or M,i:{r:c.i, now Caifar, which was the 
 Capital of Cippadocin under ihc [{imtDii, and ihe See 
 of St. Ba:^!!, ftands al'Oiit 40 Miles South from Jhm<, 
 near the North Bank of the River Melas or Citb/n- 
 quet. T.ixettiiti inform.s us 'tis a good fair .ind popu- 
 lous 
 
NATOLUor ASIA^MINOR. 
 
 lottS city Iwilt found a Rock, at the top whereof 
 fttndsa Qftle well Oarrifon'd : It is the Stage of 
 ail the CariVani from the Eaft, who hence difpetfe 
 10 the feveral Countries. K^jfo and Nit^iitm^um the 
 Sees of the two Gifsjorys, and feveral other Cities 
 of C-mndocU arc mentioned in Antiquity as confi- 
 derablc, but none of them r ^ now obfervablc. 
 The Capital of iheTurkjPj Government ftandsin tlic 
 ^rrmnia-minor i namely, 
 
 Morcfch or jytarj, Antiq. Mefem and Metita, fi- 
 tuate near the Banks of the River Euphratet, in the 
 Souih-eaft limits of this Government, is a large and 
 well built City, the Scat of the Bcgletfceg, who has 
 four Sangiacks under his Jurifdidticn j and was ihc 
 chief Town built by the ytUHuIci, a fierce Nation 
 which anciently inhabited this Country. 
 
 The remaining Part of Afin-mimr, is the Dioceft 
 dr Beglerbegate of CylH^A MANIA ( fo named 
 from a Race of Kings defcended from Caramnn ) 
 which is all the Southern Part, and comprehends 
 ihe ancient Lycia, Pimifhytin, I'iJidU, Lyeaotiin tnd 
 Cillci/i. 
 
 LTCI .-1, now Mcntefcli, isa finall ProviiKe lying 
 en the Coaft of the lUeditenanenn-Sca, bounded on 
 ihe North by Phiygin'miijar ami PamphyUe, and on 
 the Weft by Cati/i. The Mountains which are 
 BraiKhesof XiOTH/, Pirround it on three lides, ar>d 
 the Sea on the fourth ; it was a pleafani and flourilh- 
 'm Country in ancient times, but now not confide- 
 lable. Theie were the Chief Towns, Tch/ieJJui fear- 
 ed on a noted Bay in the Wefkern limits, whofe II^ 
 bitants are faid to have been the firft Pretenders to 
 imeipretation of Drean-s. Putura, more Eaft ward, 
 1 little Town feared on a Hill, formerly celebrated 
 for a Temple and Oracle of ApoHo, almoft eoual to 
 that of Oclphot. Xnnthiis, more within Land on a 
 River of the fame Name. A^.<j, the Metropolis, 
 fated on a high Hill at fome dittance from the Coaft, 
 mentioned AHs 27. 5. the See of a Bilhop. Phmfclh, 
 formerly a notable Nefl of Pyrates, now a fmalj 
 Village nam'd Honda, and Ofympui alio give Titles 
 toBilhops, as do liltewife Piti/t^iir, Tin, Limj/rn and 
 ^'jiii in the tTp'land. 
 
 PAMPHrUA, licJnextto I-km on the Eaft, 
 fcaving the Medittrranean-Sen for its Southern bounds, 
 and fifidia on the North ; it is a very Mountainous 
 Country, in the Upland, but fruitful and pleafant 
 on the Coaft, neither are the Mountains unprofitable, 
 forgreat Herds of Goats that feed on theni,whore Hair 
 makes excellent Chamleis. The chief Towns arc, 
 *f(i/M or V.iM/'<>, Turc. J.!^(i/rj/', a Port-town con- 
 vfniently feated on a Bay, which makes a good 
 Hatbour, bnc of dangerous entrance, with a Caftlc 
 reckoii'd among the principal in this Country, is a 
 Placcofgnod Trade. Ptrga, more Eaftward, near 
 the Mouth of the River C-ft^ius famous in ancient 
 times for a 1 eniple to L)ia>..i : Both tbefe Towns are 
 mcntion'd Ach 14, 25. Syde 01 '>)dtt, TwiC.Cnndd- 
 ", another Port-town, fcated tnore to the Eaft. 
 ■Ijfendiii, more within Land, between Pcr^a and 
 Vf, ftrongly fituated and the Metropolis of the 
 Country under the l^oniatn. 
 
 PIS ID [.'I, lies on the North of Pamphylh, 
 a IJnall Province, but fruitful land, being a Ptaiil 
 amidft Mountauw. The chief Towns were, Si^g/titif- 
 k ill the Weftern Confines, n\cntioncd by hivy for 
 'lie Fertility of its Fields. Antioclin-i'ii'Jiti, the Me- 
 tropolis when under the l^tii.mt, mentioned Ads 17, 
 19. TermejTui ftrongly (catcd in a Straight between 
 •Mountains. 
 
 II 
 
 LTCAOSIjI with IS 4 z: li I A, adjoined on 
 the North to Pijliit, a Clumpain Country of no 
 large extent, wherein thcfe Towns were of cincfeft 
 note, iyjiut, on the Weftern limits where ''<:^ and 
 Bnnmhrs having cured a Criplc, the Priefts would 
 have otlcr'd Sacrifice to ihein as Gods, Jl-li 14. 
 Perbr, on the South limits, whercthc fame Apoftle 
 jPrcachcd. I/.virn:, which gave Name to th.u part of 
 the Coun:ry, is long (ince dcliroyed. And 
 
 Icenium, now C'.^ijn., the Metropolis of Lycuoiiiti 
 formerly, and of CintmmiA now ; a large well built 
 and very populous City, wherein the Bcglerbcg re- 
 fides i feared in the midft of the Province, iri the 
 40th. Degree of Latitude, near a frtlh Water Lake, 
 Itilcd Trvgiiis i'l-Mis 1 00 Miles North from tiie Sea- 
 Coaft. The Skuatitm being pkalant and lecure, it 
 was cbofen by the I'//»<c'/fe Sultans, defcended from 
 tutlii Mefcs for tlieir Regal Seat, and continued fo 
 from 1071. till 1261. when m that Excurfioa 
 of the Tii'MM under H«/i/oH, the City was taken and 
 that Royalty pull'd down. But Unalon returning 
 Home to futxecd his Brother .1^iH^;o and A.'aMne, IL 
 being dead without llTuc, it gave Opportunity to 
 t'trninitii Ahfiniti, a Nobleman of the Couniry, to 
 feize the City, and eredl a new Monarchy, which 
 compiehendcd tliefe Provinces from hini cali'd Car.^- 
 m:wit. Ac this Place St. P.iul Prcache.i, and it is 
 now an Aichbiflioprick. 
 
 Laftly, CIKIct,! on the Eaft of P.w;/'V;>, ex- 
 tends albng the Coafts of the \lfdii:rtniie.n.-Siti, to 
 the Confines of i>r/.:, near i-jo Miles from Eaft to 
 Weft, but hartlly 50 in breadth; the Land is in 
 fc)mc Parts very Fertile, but in others very Stoney. 
 The Northern and Eaftcrn Borders are very Moun- 
 tainous, and the Pafliiges between them very nar- 
 row; which Straights being poflelTcdby the Perjians 
 tooppole W/c.vrtn(/«, occalioned the Battle of IJJui, 
 where the Pnfi.tnt were the fecond time Defeated. 
 The Chief Towns here arc, Sikmis or IJhnos, feated 
 on a River to which ir gives Name, near the Sea- 
 Coafi in the Weltcrn Confines, a Place not notable at 
 this time, ex.ept for being a Bifliop's See, as is 
 alio Jodpc over againft it on the right llJe of the 
 fame River. Scliwir.-Tiacheti, feated on the River 
 Cnlycndnus more Eaftward, is an Archbilhops See. 
 Phiiadeipl'iit and t'inviolopolis more Northward, give 
 Titles alfo to Biftiops, as do alfo Lnmus, on the Rivet 
 Latatmis ; and Si.h, afterwariis Pompeofoiis, feated 
 near the mouth of the fame River, noted atjciently 
 fur a Colony of Grc:k} who in procefs of time, 
 Ipoke their own Language fo corruptly, that from 
 ijicm any prepofterous Expreffion was cali'd a 
 Solefcifm. Pr.rfui, the Metropolis of this Province^ 
 and the See of an Archbifhop, ftands on the Rivet 
 Cydnui, near its Mouth into the {{>}cvma-Lakf, in the 
 Lat. 36. 50. m. near the middle of the Provinces 
 The River having paftcd thro' the Lake, flow* for- 
 ward in a pood large Stream into the Sea, which 
 makes it a good Haven, and renders the City a place 
 of Trade ; 'tis now called' T/fi.'Mj|7"«, and fometimes 
 by the 'Vuik,i He>n/,i, and' was the Birth-pltce of 
 St. Pttid. Adcn/t, feated more to the Eaftward, in a 
 fruitful Soil both for Wine and Corn, and thatefore 
 retorted to by Travellere for Ptovilions to carry them 
 over the Mounrains. Mop/ufjh, near the Sea-Coaft, 
 amientlya Pla^eof good account; and on the ex- 
 ircam Eaftern Frontiers.r/T/u, now Aiii:(:{o or Li)jit:(^t>, 
 feated on a Gulph to which it gives Name, is a neat 
 Town, with a good Haven: Famous in its time for 
 thr /faitlc fought near it, between Alexundtr and 
 C z Dm'-i 
 
 'M% 
 
 i,-. 
 
 
It T^RKr in AStJ. 
 
 Darius, wherein the former with the lofs of i oo mentioned by ancient Authori as conGderabIc ; but 
 Mei^ defeated the mighty Army of the latter, and they arc declined, and at prefent unknown, fo «,p 
 kill'd above I ooooo ot hit Men, as the Writers of muftpafsthem " " '" 
 
 this Princes Life declare. Several In-land Cities are 
 
 over, and here finilh out Account c 
 jtSl'A-MmOl(. 
 
 CHAP. II. 
 
 7he ISLANDS ontbeCoafiof ASIA-MINOR. 
 
 ']|*hESE IQandswere in the floHrifhing Times of 
 * Gretce and ^me very confiderable, but Jince the 
 yiirki have been Mafters of them, they are very 
 much declined; they lie diftributed on the Coaft 
 from Nonh to South in this Order. 
 
 TENEDOS, called Bo/c«W4 by the Turkr, lies 
 at the mouth of the HelleJ^ont, over againft Trois or 
 Phrygiif-mimr, not above two Leagues from the 
 Shoar, and made the Haven to Troy, which is now 
 choak'd up with Sand. The IHand is ;o Miles in 
 circuit, and contains many Villages, and one large 
 Town of the fame Name, with a Caftle which 
 defends the Port j the Coaft is Rocky, but the 
 Mid-land is good Soil, and produces Mufcadine 
 Wine. The Greek? leur'd behind this Ifland, when 
 they pretended to quit the Siege of Troy, and lay 
 by till their Plot took cffeift, and then in the Night 
 return'd. 
 
 LESBOS, now Metetino of much larger extent, 
 lies more to the South over againfl the Gjail of 
 Lydia; it is near 60 Miles long, and reckoned 160 
 in circuit ; the Soil in forne parts Rocky, in others 
 very Fruitful, prodii ng excellent Corn and Wine. 
 Mcteline, the chief . own ftands on the North fide 
 on a Rocky Promontory, which makes two fcveral 
 Ports, which are both defended by a Caftle on the 
 Hill, and a Fort at the Foot of it, the Caftle is well 
 Garrifon'd, and is an Arfenal of Stores for the Gal- 
 leys that Cruifi: againft Pirates ; this was formerly a 
 City of beautiful Strudlure, but at prefent confifts 
 only of ordinary low built Houfes : The Venetians 
 were long time Mailers of this Ifland. 
 
 CHIOS or Scio, lure. Saki/idaci, lies on the 
 South of Letltoi, over againft the Promontory of 
 Ionia, in the fame Latitude with Smymtt, of 100 
 Miles fSo fays Thevensf,) in circuit; it is a fruitful 
 Soil, producing Corn, Oii, Honey, moft delicious 
 Wine, Silk, and efpecially the Gum-Maftick out of 
 the !<•«( J /(-Ti-tf in very great quantity, which yields 
 a vafl profit to the Inhabitants; the Land is Hilly 
 and Stony, and wants Water, having few Springs 
 and very little Rain which checks the Fertility of it ; 
 the People are remarkably Merry and Gay, and the 
 Women very handfome. The Chief Town Scio, is 
 pleafantly fcated on the Eaft fide of the Ifland, and 
 had a good Haven, fortified by a ftrong Caftle, but 
 tlie Haven is in decay, and the Town of very ordi- 
 nary Strudure, altho' formerly a good City, which 
 claim'd Homer, and pretended to fhew his School 
 near it. The Genocjc's were Maftcrs of this Place 
 till outed by the Jurkj ; the prefent Inhabitants, arc 
 chiefly their Ortipring and Greeks, who occupy 30 
 finall Towns and Villages, (or 60 according to Thcve- 
 mt.) under the Government of a Tic/;//?! Garrifon 
 reliding in the Caftle. The l^cnetiam tookthis Ifland 
 
 in the late War, /in. 1 694. but loft it again the 
 Year following. 
 
 SAMOS, lies on the South-eaft of Cl.'ius, over a- 
 gainft the Coaft of Ionia, in the 1-atitude of Hphrfui 
 not above 1 Leagues fepatated from the Coaft, and 
 about 80 Miles in compafs ; it is furrounded with 
 Rocks, but fhe Mid-land is fruitful in Corn, Oil, 
 and Fruits. The chief Town, Sumo ftands on the 
 South-eaft part, near a fair and commodious Havni, 
 but now little frequented by reafon of the Pirates, 
 who fo much infeft it, that the Town from a Popu- 
 lous and well Inhabited City, is become a forry 
 Village. It was an eminent Free-ftate, and the 
 Birth-place of Pythngorai. 
 
 ICjiRJA, novi Nic/triit, lies on the weft of 5itmej 
 of much fmaller extent, and not at all conGderable, 
 being deftitute of a Haven, and therefore notvifitcd 
 by Traders. The Inhabitants are about 3000 in num- 
 ber, are Poor and maintain themfelves by diving for 
 Spunge, with which they pay their Tribute and ur- 
 ry on a Commerce. (Thevenot.) 
 
 PAT HMOS, now Palmofi:, lies On the South 
 of Uaria a great diftance from the main Land ; it 
 is a mountainous and woody Soil. The chief Town 
 fts^nds on a Mounuin, with a Haven at its Foot. 
 where Ships arrive with Provifions, which thellland 
 dees QOt fufliciently produce, and where the Vmetinn 
 Fleet ufed to Winter during the Siege of Ce.ndm. 
 The fterility of the Soil, made it always v place of 
 little refort, and therefore it was ufed ' he t{omihi 
 asa placeof fianifliment, under whici. lilhment 
 St. John refided here and wrote his Revel n. 
 
 LEH^IA or Lero, and C X, .^ j^O J, no. far from 
 it, lie both to the South of Pathmos ; the former is 
 the larger, and has two Havens ; the latter has a 
 very high Mountain, but neither of them atibrd any 
 thing worth mentioning. 
 
 COOS or COS, now Lango, or Ifola-Laiign by 
 the Italians, and Stinco or Stanchio by the Greth and 
 Turl{s, is of larger extent, being about 8» Miles jn 
 Compafs, lies North and South over againft the 
 Coaft of Doris, in the Lat. 36. It is a pleafant m\ 
 fruitful Land, lying in a declivity from the high 
 Grounds in the Eaft, which affords a beaut.. J 
 Frofpeift, and produces rich Wines, the Turpentine- 
 tree, and other ufeful Plants, with Woods of Cy- 
 prefs-trecs, wcllpreferv'd by the TmhI^j. Thechuf 
 Town of the fame Name feated on the Eaftctii 
 Coaft, is large and fortified with a Caftle, having 1 
 Haven fecured by a good Mole, and well giiatJeil 
 from Pirates by Gallics. The Ships from i;^;;' w 
 Conftaminople commonly touch here : This was (lie ^ 
 Birth-place of Hypocmtes the Phyfician, and ''/'-'i'" 
 the Painter, and was celebrated in Antiquity, foi » 
 rich Temple of /Efculf.pius. 
 
 ASrrt'AL£.i, 
 
7 he i/Iands on the Coafl o/"' A s i A - M i N o R . 13 
 
 ASTTP AL/E /l,noviSt/impn!a, lies on the South- 
 weft of Ccoj, more ou: to Sea ; it is an Ifland of a- 
 fcoui ^0 Miles in circuit, and has a Town pf the 
 fame Name in the South-Coa(t,and two good Havens. 
 
 CARI'^^'^HV^, now Scarfnuto, liestaroutto 
 Seaon the South of Ooris, about the fame magnitude 
 with the former, but not at all confiderable, being a 
 IVlountainsus and Rocky Soil, and but poorly in- 
 habited. The chief Town of the fame Name, lies 
 on a Haven in the Weft-Coaft. 
 
 Divers fmall Iflands lie difpers'd on the Coaft, but 
 arc not conlidetable enough to defcrvc notice. 
 
 RHODES, an Ulind of great Fame in former 
 Days, and ftiU as confiderable as the Tuil(i/h Tyran- 
 ny permits any Place to be, lies on the Coalt of CanVj 
 and Lya.i from the 35th. to the 36th. Degree of La- 
 titude 100 Miles in circuit. It is a nioft fruitful 
 Soil, producing ( at leaft formerly) the ncheft Wine 
 and all forts of delicious Fruits : And for the Sere- 
 nity of its Climate, t' being daily Sun-(huie ) faid to 
 be beloved by /Ipoih, to whofc Honour a vaft Cotoffus 
 was eredcd, wliich was one of the Wonders of the 
 World: It was the Statue of Afollo in Brafs 70 Cu- 
 bits high, which itood aftride over the Haven, fo 
 high that the Ships fail'd between his Legs, It was 
 1 2 Years in making by Charci its Architedl, and af- 
 ter 66 Years ftanding was oveithrown by an Earth- 
 quake, ^odes the chief Town, (lands on the Eaft 
 fide of the Ifland ; it was formerly a Place of great 
 note, and ftill not contemptible, being pleafantly 
 feated on the fide of a Hill, three Miles in circum- 
 ference, and well Fortified with a treeble Wall and 
 a good Caftle, the Streets are wide, ftraight and 
 well paved; the Houfesof fqnared Stone, after the 
 Im/i'/ib manner, and the Bazars or Markets are well 
 futnilhcd. Its chief Haven is Commodious and Safe, 
 and very ftrongly Fortified ; on one (ide of it, ftands 
 an old Caftle built by the Knights, and on the other 
 fide a fquare Tower built by the Turks ; which altho' 
 50 Foot afunder, (land on the two Places where the 
 two Feet of the Colojfus ftood . Befides this, ther- 
 are two other Ports for Gallics, which are alfo well 
 fecured by Cannon. ( Thevenot ) In the middle 
 Ages, this City and Ifland were poffelfed by the Re- 
 ligious Knights of St. "John of Jerufalem, many of 
 whom were notable Champions in the Holy-War : 
 And very cfpccially renowned for the brave Defence, 
 they made when the City was befieged by the Turl^s, 
 firft in the Year 1480, when after three Months vi- 
 gorous Attack, they were forced to retire ; and dur- 
 ing the fccond Siege in 1511. wherein So/rmijn, II, 
 in Pcrfon, with a Fleet of 400 Ships, and 
 100000 Men, were lb well refiftcd, that they were 
 ready to depart ; if a Traytor in the Town had not 
 inforin'd him of its Weaknefs, and cncourag'd him 
 to another Attack, wherein he fuccceded, and the 
 Ifland has ever fince ''':en (ubjcft to the Turt(t. The 
 Knights who were denominated from this Ifland, 
 removed to Malta, which was granted to them by 
 the Emperor Chttrlei V. and the Succelfion of them 
 continues thereto this Day. 
 
 CYPRUS, an Ifland excecdinely larger than any 
 wc have mentioned, lies extended from Eaft to Weft 
 
 near 100 Miles along the Coall of (Ui'ii, at the 
 diltance of about to Leagues. It was formcrlv a 
 rich and flourilhing Country, producing Wine, Oil, 
 Corn, Sugar, Cotton, Honey, Wool, Metals, and 
 many other ufcful Commodities ; Govern'd by its 
 own Kings, of whom there were no Itfs than Nine 
 when Cyrus firft Conquer'd it. Aftcrw.irds it was 
 Subjcdled by the I'tohni/i of Egfpr, and again by the 
 Homnns, in whofe Succelfion it was poIfL-lfed by the 
 Conjlantinopolittin Emperors. Our King RJchitrH I. 
 being provok'd by the ill treatment of the Inhabi- 
 tants, at his arrival here in his way to the Holy- 
 Land, fet upon and Conquer'd the Ifland, and con- 
 ferr'd the Royalty of it on Guy de Utyfii^tntn, Anno 
 1 191. whofe Poftetity reigned Kings of it foi 
 17 Generations, After thefe the Venttians were for 
 fome time its Mailers. But Laftly, Se'ymus II. Con- 
 quer'd it, An. 1 57 1, and ever fince it has been pof- 
 rc(red by the Turkj- 
 
 The Ifland was by the ancient Geographers di- 
 vided into four Parts, vi:^. Paphia to the We(t, Ansa- 
 thufic, to the South. /./!/;f/j4 to the North. And So/i- 
 mcna on the Eaft. Under the Luyjinan Kings, it was 
 divided into twelve Counties denominated from the 
 twelve chief Towns, which were, Kicofm, Fatna. 
 gufta, Paphos, Audima, LimiJJ'ii, Maforum, Salines^ 
 Mrjforir, Crufocus, Pentnlia, Citrpajfus, and Cerines : 
 Befides which there were no lefs than 800 Villages; 
 'tis ftill fo confiderable as to be the Government of 
 a Beglerbeg, who has 7 Sangiacks under him. Its 
 chief Towns at prefent are. Pathos or li,tffo, feated 
 near where the old Ptiphin ftood, on the Wellcrn- 
 Coaft. Amathus now LymiJJo on the Souihcrn-Coaft, 
 the chief Port in the Ifland. Nicofia or Leucofia, the 
 Metropolis feated in the middle of the Ifland, the 
 Seat of the Kings anciently, and of the Beglerbeg 
 now, a large and populous City ; it was formerly 
 9 Miles in circumference, but at prefent but 3 Miles 
 round, as we are told by Tavemier j the Walls are 
 Tcrtafled, and in a good pofture of Defence : The 
 Ciry was adorn'd by the VcnetUni, with many fair 
 Palaces, but the Turk.' pull them down as they de- 
 (\ty ; the noble ancient Cathedral of Sr. Sophia, is 
 now a Mofque ; the Greeks have four Churches here, 
 the Lntines two, and the Armenians one ; it is the 
 See of an Archbirtiop, who has 3 Suffragan Bifhops, 
 at Paphos, Lnrne^a, and Ccrents. F.imagujia or Ha- 
 macolios, feated on the Eaftern-Coaft, on an excel- 
 lent Harbour, is a Town of good Trade, and two 
 Miles in circuit ; it was notable for its good De- 
 fence againft the lurkj, and is ftill the Bulwark of 
 the ifl/md, having good Walls keipt in repair, and 
 a very ftrong Citadel for its Defence ; the Turkf 
 have turn'd all the Churches to Mofques, and per- 
 mit no Cbriftians to inhabit the Town. {Tavernier} 
 The old Salamis, out of whofe Ruins Frtmagufta was 
 built in the middle Ages, flood a little on the Nonh- 
 eafi, and its Ruins bear the Name of Porto Conjian:^o, 
 for the Town wasfonictimecalledCo»/?4n/«/t. Laftly, 
 Cerents, a Bifhop's See is a fmall City dcftitutc of 
 Walls, but has a Fortrcfs by the Sea fide, with« Gai- 
 lifon ill it. 
 
 'Nil 
 
 for a 
 
 CHAP. 
 
 m 
 
 h-.m 
 
«4. 
 
 rVRKr in /iSU. 
 
 C H A p. III. 
 
 0/ S V R I A in Central^ Amitttt and Modern, and of SYRIA and 
 PHOENICIA in particHlar. 
 
 CYRIA, another large "art of the Tmklfh Em- 
 *^ pire in Afm, lies next co K^tolin on the South- 
 eaft, under which general Name are comprehended 
 not only S^ria properly fo called, but alfo Phankin 
 and PaleJUne or the Holy-Und. And thus iinder- 
 ftood, its Boundaries are, on the Weft the Mcdi- 
 terranenn'Sta; on the Eift, the River Euphraiei, 
 'vhieh parts it from Mrfimamia or Durbeck, and 
 Atitbia-Deferta ; on the North, Mount Amanut and 
 a Branch of Mount Taurui, which divides it from 
 Cilicin and Armrnid-mimr } and on the South Arabia 
 Peireit ; in which extent it is reckoned 420 Miles 
 from North to South, and 180 from Eaft to Weft. 
 
 Syria^ otherwife call'd Sourie and Souiiflim, and 
 |by the ancient H'-hnnj Ar/im or Ckaram is the 
 Northern Part, denominated as it is faid from the 
 City Tyre, or otherwife written Tfur, and melted in- 
 to 5ui-. The Hehiew Name was derived firom Aram, 
 the Son of Sem, who is fuppofed to have firft Peopled 
 it ; the Air is Healthful and very Temperate, being 
 feated in the Fifth Climate, between the 33d. and 
 the 36th. Degree of Latitude; and the Soil deep, 
 level, and fruitful, producing Corn, Grapes, Figs, 
 Oranges, Lemons, Dates, Medicinal-Herbs, Silk, 
 and other valuable Commodities. 
 
 Syria was * Kingdom governed by its own Princes 
 intbetitr'e of David King of Jud^a, as we find in 
 Holy Scripture in the Relarion of his Wars ; a Race 
 of thofe Kings fucceeded till A. M. jiio. when Tig- 
 tilth Pi/efar took OamrfcNt, and ftew J^c^jh their 
 King ; after which it became part of the great Mo- 
 narchy of the Ajjy. iaiit • and upon the Perfian Ac- 
 quilitionnf thatMonarrhy, became fubjedk toCyrus 
 and his Succcfibrs, with the reft of Ditn'm'a Domi- 
 nions Conqu^r'd by ^Icxandn , and after his Death 
 .•nade a (ieparate l^ingdoin by Seieucui Nicauar, about 
 4. At. 3633. A.' .-.til! I hi. 317. whofe Pofterity 
 wore the Regal Dignity i',o Years.after which it was 
 Conquer'd by (he /( i».iwj about /?. M. 3865. under 
 whom P/'a'«/c;'/j and <v)m were thus divided, vi:(. 
 
 Syiin, divided into, i. Ccrkjyria or Syria-Cavtu, 
 becaufe a hollow Val'cy between tlie Mountains. 
 3. Antiochcue called alfo 'sc'.fiicii, trnm the two Cities 
 of that Name, (cated towards the Sea Coafl and the 
 Borders of I'ianicia. And 3. Gjiw.iijcm/i on the 
 North of Cfi'ojii in towards the River Etifhmtes. \n 
 the limits of C-vlc/yiM ftood the famous City Palmirir, 
 wlrofe Ruins vifited a few Years ago, srid defcribed 
 by Dr. Ualli/ax, Chaplain of the Fadory of Atippc, 
 teftifie its ancient Grandeur ; it was the Capital of a 
 Country to which it gave Name. Bcrea, the Modern 
 ■Aleppo, ftandsalfo within its Bounds. The Aniiociiene 
 had its Name from the famous City Amioch, 
 Mctrpp9lis of the ^mm Dominions in thefe Parts. 
 Stttuci.1, LnoHicea, and /tlexandretta, now ScanJeroott, 
 tvrrc alfo feated in its limits. Comagena, the moft 
 Northern Part of Syria betwecnCi/iciu and Euphrattt^ 
 
 had Som/ifotit for its Capital, feated on the Rivet, 
 which together with Germiminn on Mount Amanui 
 andSi«i;«, were its chief Cities. 
 
 Pljrenicia, was divided into Pbitniciii propria vil 
 Mnritima, and Panicia Lil'.nii ; the former was the 
 Weft Part on the Sea-Coaft, where the famous Cities 
 of Tr>r and S>'(y.'«w ere feated ; the latter more to the 
 Eaft, between the Mountains Libanut and Anti-Lilm- 
 nu!, whofe Metiopolis was L> :maf:ui, andinits limits 
 ftood HtliofoHs, now vulgarly calfd Bnliec; whofe 
 magnificent Ruins were lately view'd and defcribed 
 by the very ingenious Mr. Manderilt, Chaplain to the 
 EngUp} Fa<5tory at Alcjipo ; to whofe printed Relation 
 we refer the Reader, for an ample Account of the 
 prefent State of it and Damafciis, and feveral other 
 very juaicious Notitia of thefe Parts. 
 
 The Ancient State of Palejiinr, we (kalirpealf to 
 more pjrticularly anon. 
 
 This Country is famous for its Mountains, where- 
 of a Chain runs crofs ir on the North, vi^. the 
 Amanui on the Frontiers of Cilicia, and a Branch of 
 Taurus which divides i-omngena from jirmenia-mimr • 
 and more to the South, Libanus, famous for its 
 Cedar-Trees, Frankincenfe and Honey, a high 
 Ridge of 1^0 Miles in length from the Sea-Coaft 
 Eaftward, Craggy and in fome Parts fo high, as to 
 be always cover'd with Snow. Arti-Libmuis., bend. 
 ing to the South-caft, isdivided froni :he former by s 
 fmall Valley only, and may juHly enough bereckon'd 
 part of the fame. Cn inel and the other lingle 
 Mounts frequent here, we (hall mention in their 
 Places. Kivers, here arc few, the Oionfjr, SingojoT 
 hfaifin.-, FJcurhcriiis and Jordm, are the chief, and 
 thofe of 110 very long Courfe. 
 
 Upon the decline of the R^man and Confiiuitinii- 
 politan Empires, Syiir: became the Prey of iheSarA- 
 y^ii ; who under I-fr.umar their third Calif li feiaed this 
 Country, w. ('. 636. Afierwaida it was partly Con- 
 oiucr'd by CuCu Mtj.i, the Tn'A> andiaRace«f Twr^i//; 
 Kings "oKci'.bd the Land, and kept their Regal Seat 
 at Itamrlcm, till Conquer'd by the Tartan, who 
 were outed by the Mnmaluks, which laft:, altho' ex- 
 pell'd by Tnmerlr.n, recovered and held it till 1516. 
 when Selinn-s the T«r<[ by the Cnnqueft of C«'«y«» 
 Gaurui, gain'd Datinfchi and all the Country, which 
 has been ever fince fubjci.'V to the Ottoman-Port. 
 
 In its prefent State, Spia is but forrily cultivatcdl 
 altho' irij natural Fertility, produce excellent Fruitt, 
 among which Figs in ncrfediion. The Cotton-Tree 
 is alfo j)lenty here, and affords a great Profit to the 
 Inhabitants. Their Sheep are remarkable for their 
 monftrous Tails, which arc both broad and long, fo 
 as to drag on the Ground, and weigh near 30 Pound. 
 And the Silk- worm givcsthe Merchant a great Profit. 
 Thefe, bcfides Corn of all forts, Herbs and various 
 ?lants ; among which, that which bears the Gnh 
 ufed in Dying, the Ahts, Opium, (£c. are the natu- 
 ral 
 
SYRIA. 
 
 15 
 
 filPtoduas of this Country. But the Tw^iyh Ty- 
 ranny hinden i« being fuficiently Peopled ; «nd 
 therefore many Placei where ancienily famoui Gtiei 
 flood, arenowbtttiuinouiDeCirts. 
 In its Government, ■*/"<» ii divided into Tt*D 
 
 Begletbegates, vi^. of Aleppo and Tripoli ; and Pi- 
 ^I'm anoihei^ f >{• the BeglerbcBaie of Damafcm. 
 That of ^/f/^" being fubdividea into Nine San- 
 giacks, that of Tripoli ^nio Four, and that of [>*• 
 mafcut into Tea. 
 
 A T A B L E of the Division of STKIA, 
 
 Remarkable Places. 
 
 and the moft 
 
 S}ri* Aritijua, divided into Three PJuti, 
 
 vi^. Chief Citift 
 
 „ , - . tPalmjra, 
 Calofyna. \BtrtM. 
 
 Amiochene. SselJiiciJ, 
 „ , o". SLaodicea, 
 Seleucis iAUxandretta. 
 
 (SamofaU, 
 Comagena. <GermaHina, 
 
 Tke Chief Cities of Syria, defctibcdinthe 
 following Pages. 
 
 Seimffit, or Samofhte, 
 G«rm4nie«, 
 AUffo, or Biria, 
 ScamUnan, or Altxtmbitu, 
 Antathi», or Antitcb. 
 LMichta, or Laodicett, 
 Vtrit, or Seltfsia, 
 Dapumt, or Apnmea, 
 Hamfi, or Emt/i, 
 F/tjd, Paltnfray otTtdmtr- 
 
 Pbanicia Antiqua, divided intO> 
 
 Phoenicia Marit. CT>>-f, 
 ^.'•Gallilea <SiWw, 
 Gent. {Ptolemais. 
 
 Phoenic.Lban. tDamafiut 
 ceu Syto-?h(xmc!lHeliopolit, 
 
 ThcGbief Gdcs of nodimPJiffniViV: 
 
 Tripolit; 
 
 CiMitto, 
 
 Baruti, otBnytuT, 
 
 Ssjd, ot Sidoft, 
 
 Sur, otTjfTt, 
 
 Acre, Aeon, or Ptolmaitl 
 
 Damgfiu/, 
 
 Batbtc, or HtUofolit, 
 
 m 
 
 'Hi 
 
 Paleftina Anti^. ut fub ^pman. 
 
 Cis Jordan. 
 
 'Pantiat, 
 
 Gallilee. 
 
 Capernaum, 
 Julias,Bethfaida, 
 
 Tiberiat, 
 Taritheit, Caru, 
 Na:^areth, 
 
 ^ . fSamaria, 
 SimmZ.\f^eapolij. 
 
 r Hierofohmn, 
 \7ofpa, 
 \Afcalon, 
 :LA:{otut, 
 JLidda, 
 f Jericho, 
 \ Bethelem, 
 
 ]udxa. 
 
 Ultra Jordan. 
 
 /" Auran, 
 
 Trachonitu.^g-K 
 orlwna. ^p^^^^ 
 
 ^Julias. 
 
 tTMtcherut, 
 _ jPhiladelpbia. 
 
 Petea. <Uviaj, 
 
 (.Callirrlxt. 
 
 rCapMvpi, 
 Idumaa. ^Ganurari), 
 lEt^a. 
 
 The Chief Cities aod Places in Modern 
 
 Tboron, 
 
 Belfort, 
 
 Montfort, 
 
 'Mantrojal, 
 
 NaJira 6tli*:(»eth, 
 
 Saffet otTiberiat, 
 
 Eliefan or Bethfan, 
 
 Naflofa or Sichem^ 
 
 Jaffa 01 J<fpa, 
 
 JBI{^V5ALBht, 
 
 Bttbelem, 
 
 Etitdbil or Htbrm'^ 
 
 AcaroH, A:{ptui, Afailtti, 
 
 Ga^/ira or Ga^^a. 
 
 T proceed in our Travelling Method, we will 
 begin with Comagena, which is the moft North- 
 ern P»rt of Syria, and adjoyns to Cilicia, whence 
 we lall came; whofe chief Towns are, Somafata, 
 now Seempfat, feated in the very North limits near the 
 Bufhrates, Once the Capital of this Country, but 
 now in poor State, the Birtb-pUce of Lucian, and 
 
 Paulus the Heretick. Gemunica, on the Weflera 
 limits a Upman Colony, nam'd in Honour of Ger- 
 manieut by Augiiflus, the Birth-place of Nefioruuxbt 
 Heretick. 
 
 Aleppo, the Capital of all this part cSSjria, ani 
 the Seat of the Bcglerbeg, is a moft flourifliia^ 
 large and populoui City, reckoned the beft of aS 
 
 Jkrky, 
 
 ( 
 
 m 
 
 4 !. 
 
 p' 
 
 ' 1 ■' 
 
 1 
 
 m ( 
 
 ill 
 
 
 III 
 
 ■ '1 -^ 
 
 m 
 
 ll 
 
 j'tfijl 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 m' 
 
 till! 
 
 
 ^li 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 mi 
 
 
 B 
 
 .i 1, 
 
16 
 
 TVRKr in ASU. 
 
 Turkic, next to ConJliiMitiople and Gr/ind-Ciiiro. It is 
 leated upon four ihiall HiHs, in ihe midft of a plea- 
 iantPUin.on the Banksof the River SiW./«,in the La- 
 titude of 36. D. Long- 58. 45. the firll Meridian being 
 placed in Fena InJI. about 80 Miles (28 or 30 
 Leagues, fa\ s Theveriot ) Weft from the River Ku- 
 pbrtiies, and 60 (21 Leagues, 'i'hevenot) E a It from 
 the Coafts of the .<i>,Mn.5ta, and about 70 Miles 
 South from Mount T.wiui, and the limits of /!>- 
 menia-tniner. By teafon of its convtiiient Situation, 
 it wai long fincc made the Staple of Trade ; for by 
 the Gulph of Ortrim, and the Eufh-.ta, The Per- 
 fmiJ, Inaiam, Arjliam, Armenians, Sec. brouBlit hi- 
 ther all the rich Jewels, Silks, Drugs, and other 
 Commodities of India, Verfi/t, Armenia, /IJJyria, &c. 
 which before the Difcovery of Navigation to the 
 Eaji-Indics, reiidcr'd this Trade vaftly richer than it 
 is now : however it is ftil! thr Market for the richeft 
 Connmodities of Enroft, brought hither by the Eng- 
 I'/h, Dutch, French, Venetians, Gencuefc's, (^c. by 
 the Meditcmmaii-Sen and the Port of Scanderoon, 
 and hence vended to Pt'fia, and divers Parts of 
 Turkj:y j alfo the beft Goods of thofe Countries, fjch 
 as Raw-Silk, Cotton, Grogram-Yarn, Calls, divers 
 forts of Orugs, He. fent thence to Europe. Tb; 
 Englifl] Merchants have a Conful here as at Swim* 
 and are always treated civilly, the EngHpi Cloth 
 being a Commodity of great Efteem among the 
 Thrl^s. The French, Dutch, and other Nations have 
 alfo their Confuls, who have free accefs to the Go- 
 vernment, to make Complaints of any Injuries or 
 Grievances. The Description of the City according 
 Tavernier is tluis. Aleppo is built upon four Hills, 
 upon the liighelt whereof ftands the Callle, which 
 is large but not fti ong ; the City is furrounded with 
 Walls of Frcc-ftonc, which arc three Miles in Cir- 
 cuit, in the Walls are ten Gates j and beyond the 
 Walls are large Suburbs which are veiy Vopulous. 
 A Rivulet runs by the City, which waters the Gar- 
 dens, wherein grow abundance of Fruit, Pifta^hcs, 
 Figs, Pomgranates, is!c. btlides which the City is 
 fupplied with Water from tw(i Fountains at a di- 
 ftance. The Buildings either Publick or Private ap- 
 pear not handlomc, but are well adorn'd within fide 
 with Marble of divers Colours, fretwork Cielings, 
 and golden Infciiptions. The Streets arc Pav'd ex- 
 cept the Bazars, where the Merchants and Mccha- 
 nicks have their Shops ; and are narrow, with 
 a Horfe Road in the middle, and Foot Caiifeys on 
 each fide. In the City are 26 Mofques, whereof 
 fome arc very Magnified/; and three Colleges with 
 Learned Men, to whom Salaries are allow'd to teach 
 Grammar, I'hilofopby, He but there are few 
 Students. The chief Ma^ufadures of tliis Town 
 is Weaving of Silk and Chamkt. The Suburbs arc 
 very well Peopled anu Inhabited chiefly by CbrijHant, 
 of whom there are Cieeks about 15 or 16000 Souls 
 who have an Archbilhop, Armenians about iioco 
 with a Bilhop.VrtMMjVc'j 1200 depending on the Pope; 
 and the Upmau-CatMici^s have three Churches, ferv'd 
 by Capuchins, Cainielites inA Jrfuites. And in the 
 whole 'tis commonly rcckon'd, that in City and Su- 
 burbs, there .ire not lefs than 250C00. A vafl 
 Trade is carried on here in all Europtan Commodi- 
 ties, and in Silks, Chamkts, GaUs, Rhubarb, Gal- 
 banum, O|:oponax, Styrax, Scammony, and other 
 Drugs, ^<n. The City is governed by a Bafl>a, who 
 has a Guard of 300 Men, there is alfo anAj^a with 
 400 Mm, who Commands without as well as within 
 the City,.- aGovcrnom with 1 00 Musketeers, who 
 
 have the Care of the Cannon in the Caftle, which 
 are 38 pieces, an Aga or Captain of the City 1 om- 
 manditw 300 HarquebiuTiers, and a Soubajht u;.iicf 
 him. For the Civil Adminiitrauon, here are xCiS 
 or Judge, *'£efterdar ot Treafurer, a J^Uifii.ivAi 
 Cheil(_ or Dodor of the Law ; here is alfo a Ci JVi-,- 
 or Monaftry of Dervifes. To fupply what he has 
 omitted, take the following Account from Tlicmot- 
 Aleppo is a large City of Oval Figure furroufidcd 
 ^vith Walls, which are a large Hours Walk in cii- 
 •uit ; they arc built on a Rock, but not very flrong 
 and are in fome pariii cncumber'd with Buildings. 
 The Caftle in the middle of the City, isalloofOtal 
 Form. The Buildines are better than ufual in 
 Turlify, the Publick liave generally Dome-Ruofs 
 and the private Houfcs arc of white Stone (ivhercoi 
 they have large Quarxtes near the Town ) with f!,i: 
 Terras-Roofs, and arc beautiful within (ide, having 
 large Halls with Fountains in the midll, and Rooms 
 very well adorned. Among many fair Mofques tin- 
 great one is cfpecially remarkable for its fine Stru- 
 aure, and large Coun furrounding it, enclofcd by 
 an arched Gallery; this was formerly the Church ot 
 St. John Damafcene, whofe Pulpit ftill remains. Here 
 are many fair Khans or large Inns for Strangers; in the 
 chief whereof the Consuls of £w.i{,'<inif an J F' .ow rclide, 
 which is a very good large Bull ling, with a Court be- 
 fore It lliut up with two great Iron Gates. Near the 
 City grow excellent Grapes, whereof the Fimlf^s j^J 
 others make a rich Wine, bringing the Grapes lioaie 
 and Prcfs them in their own Houfes. The Airis thin 
 and wholefonie, but exceeding hot in the Summer 
 Months, during which time there is not only no 
 Rain, but even no Dew in the Night, fo that (hey 
 flccp on the TcrralTes in the open Air ; Provifionsare 
 very plenty, and the Place pleafant to dwell in . Thus 
 far ThevcNct. Concerning the natural Produfls, 
 take a word or two from Dr. l{auviiolf: altho' Altf- 
 po be furrounded with rocky Hills ai.d chalky 
 Valleys, there grows plenty of Wheat and Bar- 
 ley, the Harveft begininng in April or Mi/, but 
 there is few Oats and lefs Grafs, the Soil being too 
 dry and fand;^ ; the Valleys arc full of Olivc- 
 Trecs, and Capers grow very common ; in the 
 Gardens and Orchards, grow much Fruit of de- 
 licate kinds, as Almonds, Piftachcs, Figs, Oranges, 
 Lemons, Citrons, Pomgranates, He. but Apples, 
 Pears, Cherries, Goosberries, and other Fniiuof 
 our Gardens rri not common there. In the Kitchen- 
 Garden, they have various Sallading of out forts. 
 Colly-flowers, Hartichokes, Turnips, Radith, Gar- 
 lick, Onion, Muskmclons, Water-Melons, Kidney- 
 Beans and other Pulfes, with many other edible 
 Herbs and Fruits. 
 
 Scandcroov, Antiq. Alexandretta, is a Port Town 
 feated on the Sea-Coaft, at the bottom of the Gulf 
 Laia:{^a or Sinus Ijjicus, near the foot of Mount 
 Amanus, and at the mouth of the River Sold' at about 
 60 Miles Weft from Aleppo ; it was founded by 
 Alexander the Great, in Memory of his Vidory at 
 Iffui mentioned in our Account of Cilici.t, but it is 
 feated in a Marlhy-Soil and moll unwholfome Air; 
 which has render'd it of a good Traded Town, a poor 
 forry Village with a Stone-Houfe, where the Officer 
 relides that receives Cuftom for the Goods laiwed here 
 from Europe for Aleppo, and a few ordinary Houfcs 
 where fome f'adors refide, to give advice to the 
 Merchants of Aleppo of the arrival of Ships, and to 
 land the Goods. The Method of Advice is Angu- 
 lar, namely by Pidgeons; who being bred at Meppi 
 
 and 
 
•P HOE N IC I A. 
 
 i^ 
 
 and brought hither, Hy back wiihimt ftopping, and 
 fo a Letter being tied to their Leg, is vcrj fafcly 
 conveyed. In fortner times, tlie linajicnn Ships ufed 
 ^ ' '" ■' but the 
 
 cne'li 01 tne luunicy, ninitvLini; uii. v-.i^avaiis to 
 
 to import at Tiifoli, the Giods for Ahj'po, b 
 Icng'h of the Journey, fr.bjcctinp thi' Cirav; 
 Robberies from the Aif.hi.-.m ; nil the Shippiii;^ now 
 come to SciMific'Con. 
 
 HciKe travelling Southward, wcenter the STi^\.l 
 Piopiiit, wherdftanJs 
 
 AiitLch fiirnamcd the Great, by the ancient Gieekf 
 nJiiicd /;/'/./<r;'/.i»c,fioiu theCJrove and Oracle of /Ipollo, 
 called D-iPhie adjoining to it,'tis ftill call'd Amr.clnn by 
 the Tuvkt ; aivl now but a poor Town, featcd on the 
 V^'wtt UnfidimOrontci. In its aniicnt Staic, 'twas 
 the Sent of the Kini;S of S)///;, an^! a large Popu- 
 lous and well Fortified City, the Place where th« 
 Difciplcs were firlt mmcd Chriftians, afterivards tlie 
 Scat of a Patriarch of great Reputation : Honoured 
 fomctinics with the prcf.n^c of the l\em.m Km- 
 pcrors, and the cnnftaiit Scat of the Pr.tfcdui Vr.t- 
 toio Or'ciitij. Taken by the Turk,!, asalfobythc 
 Mnimlukc!, recovered by the Civijtii-.m, /hi. lopS. 
 anj governed by liol>:)iiu>id Prince r.i 'I'orrmrum and 
 hisSucfellbrs, till An. iiic. aftcrwarJs made part 
 fif the Kingdom of 'JnuJ.ilon. But finally taken by 
 ilic 'Dokj in 1 188, wiio have ever lince pofleired it, 
 and permitted its(Jlory to pafs away, fo as at this 
 time to (hew only the Ruins (if its ancient Grandeur. 
 Theother chief Towns of this part of Sy'ia, arc 
 
 Sf.ucit, now call'd I'crin, foiinrfed by5t'/f«i)/j X/- 
 c.tt:iii, and furiueily a confiderable City, and Hands 
 more to the South of Alcppc. Lavdicea or Ltttichea, 
 d the fjrtie founder, (iands on a Hat fruitful Ground 
 near the Sea-Coaft, with a Capacious Haven j 'It 
 ' was anciently a place of great Magnificence, but 
 ' iiuhe general Calamities v;hich have befallen this 
 ' Couniry, it was reduced to a very low Condition, 
 ' and fo rcmain'd for a long time j but of late 
 ' Years it has been rebuilt, and beconrtc one qf the 
 ' mod flourifliing Places on the Coaft, being chc- 
 ' tilhed and put iti a wHy ,of Trade by CofUn Ag/t, 
 ' a Man of great Wealth and Authority in thef« 
 'Pans, and much addidled to Merchandize, 
 ' Mr. Mntuictit, p. 11. At no great diftanee from 
 Uiiih"!-, on the Sea-Coa(taIfo Hands Jf/'iVv, Antiq. 
 Gj/';/<i, a City formerly of Note, asilicRemaiiis of 
 a Magniliccnt Theatre, and other collly Strudures 
 mentioned by Mr, M<iH,7i:'i7 tcftifie, but at jirclcnt in 
 mean Ellatc. And at about four Hours more on the 
 fame Coaft, lies the Reii'ains of B,victi or B^Jnea, 
 whofe uninha'uted Ruins fliew it to have been a well 
 bu'.ltCin. Ap.ime.i, founded alfo by Sduc.ii and 
 named in Honour of his Wife, now called [l.imanr 
 featcd within land on the River Orcntrt, in a fruit- 
 ful and plea tint Country. I'.in-p, now I Ir.mf-, feat- 
 cd on the fame River more to the South ; it is a 
 pretty Town ( fays Thcienoi ) with Walls of Stone, 
 and 16 Towers on them, fix Gates and fiveChurches : 
 The Seat of a S,i)igi/icl{. 
 
 Farther on to the liaft towards the Dcfart, Hand 
 the Ruins of the famous Pa'myra or Tdi/iwor, now 
 fi)i or 'Umoi : A City qf great Reputation in an- 
 cient times, mentioned in Holy Writ, I 'C'«5»i9-i7- 
 to have been built by King David. The City and 
 adjacent Territory conllituted a Kingdom, which 
 vahantly refilled the Homan, cfpccially under tho 
 Warlike Queen '^/•nobia, a Lady of moft Noble 
 Accompliihmenis, andfrare Knowledge ; for befides 
 Perfcdions in the Arts of Government and War, 
 Die was Miftrefs of flie Liberal Arts, and of the 
 
 the Cieck, EfjftUn, and /.«/« Tongues : But the 
 Glory of this'incoinparabia I ady, ferv'd but to en- 
 creafe the Triumphs of the Emperor Auie.'iitr, by 
 whom Ihe was Conquer'd and led Captive to /("wc, 
 and by the fame Enipcrot's Commands, the City 
 was finally dcftroyed. Its Ruins were vifited in the 
 Year 1695. by the Chaplain (Dr. Hr.llitii.x) and 
 fomc Gi-ntlemenof the FaiSoryof Aleppo, and a De- 
 fcriptioii of their Magniticcn.c (cut in a 1 ettcr to 
 Dr. liain.iid, and alterwards printed in the I'hihJ. 
 Tratjailiont, (_ Dec. 1695.) which (hew it to have 
 been a Place of great Splendor and Magnificence ; 
 but at prefent inhabited by 30 or 40 Famihesonly, 
 in little forry Hurts. The lofty Rows of larec Co- 
 lumns ftill ftniuiing, the many broken Architraves 
 and Cornidics, and remains of (lately Walls with 
 the Infcriptions, are all defcribed In that Letter, 
 but too long to be tranfcribed here. 
 
 On the South of iiyiin I'ropria lies the ancienf 
 PHOENICIA, at prefent part of theBcgleibegate of 
 Tripoli, to which Syria fropri.t alio belongs J it is a 
 narrow Maritime Tradl of Land, famous in former 
 times for the Adivity and Ingenuity of its Inhabi- 
 tants, to whom are attributed the invention of Let- 
 ters, the Arts of Navigation, Allronomy, and ma- 
 king Glafs. In Navigation eipccially they were very 
 great Proficients, and by the great Trade (hey car- 
 ried on, became exccccding Wealthy and Famous, 
 and efiablilhed Colonies in many temotel'arts. Placej 
 of ehiefeft Note here are, Ti ipcli, call'd Tripoli 
 Svn'.rfor diftindion, feated about tivn Miles from the 
 Sea Coaft, in the Lat.34. D. with a Haven which 
 comes up to within half a mile of the Town on the 
 Weft fide of it, and hath Ware-houfes on each fide 
 for the Merchants Goods ; encompalTed with a Wall 
 and fortified wuh Seven Towers. The City is in a 
 flourilhing State as ever, being large and populous, 
 adorn'J with Gardens, planted with Mulberry-Trees, 
 for breeding Silk- Worms, whence the Inhabitanti 
 draw a great Profit ; the Streets are moftly narrow, 
 and the Houfet low : On the South fide ftands a 
 ftrong Caftle, Garrifon'dby 100 yrtni'^<ir(«; where- 
 in refides the Beglerbcg : On all which account 'tis 
 reckoned the Metropolis of fLm-nkia ; the City 
 ftands near the foot of Mount /,<7'<»«H/,whence aplca- 
 fant Stream filling runs thro' theTown,and atfordsan 
 excellent watering to their Gardens. Round about 
 the Town lies a rich and delightful Plain, which 
 afftjrdcd to the Chriflim Lords of it a Revenue oJ 
 200000 Crowns : This City was famous in the rime 
 of the Holy- War, being one of the four Capital 
 Cities the Chrijiians poircffed in thcfe Parts. Tripoli 
 ' is feated about half an Hour from the Sea ; the major 
 ' part of the City lies between two Hills, one on the 
 ' Eaft, on which (lands the Caftlc comtnanding the 
 ' Town, another on the Weft between the City and 
 ' the Sea ; this laft is faid to have been at firft rats'd, 
 ' and to be ftill encreas'd by the daily accetfion of 
 ' Sand blown to it from the Shore. The Port is an 
 ' open Sea rather than an cncloled Harbour, how- 
 ' ever 'tis in part defended by two fmall Iflands, a- 
 ' bout two Leagues from the Shoar. [M. Mnnderil.'] 
 For fecurity againft Pirates there arc fix fquare Ca- 
 ftlcs or Towers, built upon the Shoar at convenient 
 diftances. Cibtllettc, feated on the Sea-Coaft a- 
 bout lo Miles South from TripoUs. Bitruti or 
 Bcro3t about the fame diftance more Southward, 
 feated alfo on the Sea, is the sThcient B rytm^ 
 which was le-edified by the Rr.vmns, hoiiouteci 
 with many Favours and Privileges by Augujius, 
 D adomcd 
 
 'A 
 
 1' I' :.i 
 
 'aM 
 
 am 
 
 
 W 'I 'Hi: 
 
 1 
 
 •">'' ■■^' 
 
 nm 
 
 ;r< 
 
 sit 
 
 m- 
 
i8 
 
 adorned by Heroii and .Agrljifi ; and in the Chri- 
 ftiitn times an I'pifcopal Sec ; and it is ftil] a 
 Placcof Trade, and a Stage of the Caravans to (.irand 
 Ci-.iro, fcatcd as Mr. hU'ideril tells >i«, on the Sea 
 fide in a Soil fcrtde and delightful, railed only fo 
 high above the Salt-Waier, as to be lecurc from its 
 ovtrHowings, and the other noxious and unwhol- 
 fonic crieiitsot" tliac Klcmenr. It has the Benefit of 
 good f refti Springs, flowing down to it Trom the ad- 
 jacent Hills, and dilperled ail over the City, in con- 
 venient and not unhandlome Fountains : But bclides 
 the advantages in Situation, it has at prefent nothing 
 to boalk of. The I'al.icc and Gardens of the former 
 Emit of this C(iiintry,havc been furprizinjj Curiolities. 
 confidcring its magniticeiice and beauty in the midft 
 of a Cojntry, where no fuch Ibit of Struiflures arc 
 found, nor Jince his cxpullion by the 7';/r/;/, is 
 even this preferred, bcinj; now all decayed, and the 
 hnc W.ilkN of Orange-Trees made no better ufe of 
 than a coniman Meadow. Si. in or St^yd, the an- 
 cientcll City of VI a-nicin, feated in a fertile and 
 delightful Soil, between ilio Sea on one lide and 
 Mount l.ib.thiis, on the other in the Latitude of 
 ^3 U. formerly a Town of vaft Trade, whofc 
 Inhabitants were curious Mailers in all manual 
 Arts, and faid to be the Inventors of Glafs ; Solcmon 
 had his brii Workmen hence to build the Temple, 
 as had all'd ^^-icArtif/ at its Re-ftruilurc. The Sa- 
 rafan took it in 6^6. the CbiiJUans gained it in 1 1 03. 
 and it was afterwards Rebuilt and ftrongly Forti- 
 fied ; at prefent 'tis in a decayed State ; the Haven 
 tho large is unlafc, and cne Walls and Caftlc old and 
 inipair'd ; however ht'e is a C/me or Inn for Mer- 
 chants, in good State, together with a fair Mofque 
 and Bagnio. This City gives Title to an Emir or 
 I'rince, and by the Pope j Grant to an Archbifhop. 
 Tyre call'd Sur by the Turks, (lands about 10 Miles 
 more to the South in a rocky Ifland, at about 70 Pa- 
 ces from the main Land, famous in its ancient State 
 for Wealth and Trade, and the Purple-die » and 
 then a City of beautiful Strudure and mighty 
 ftrengch : Dcltroy'd however fitft by Nfbuch.t<iiic:{7;/tr, 
 afterwards by .'llex.mHn the Great, yet again reco- 
 ver'd it felf, and was a powerful Ally to the I{omani ; 
 taken by tho S.j'.r:jcwj in 6'i6, fcy the Chrijlians in 
 1 1 14. and by them made the Metropolitan Sec of 
 I'ha-nici.t, finally taken by the Tmc^; in 1189. and 
 ever lincc fubjciil to them ; but reduc'd to a fmall 
 and ruinous Town, and little frequented altho' its 
 Haven itill be capacious and fair. ' Mr. M*nde- 
 ' 'ill Account of the modern State of Tyri runs thus, 
 ' This City Handing in the Sea upon a Penin/ula, 
 ' proraifes at a dillance fomething very Magnificent : 
 ' But when you come to it, you find no Hmilitudc of 
 ' that Glory, for which it was fo renowned in an- 
 
 • cicnt tiine5. On the North fide it has an old Tur- 
 ' k'fl-' ungarrifon'd Cattle, belides which, you fee 
 ' nothing here but a meer BaW of broken Walls, 
 ' Pillars, Vaults, ijc. there being not fo much as 
 ' one entire Houfc left. Its prefent Inhabitants are 
 ' only a few poor Wretches harbouring themfelves 
 ' in Vaults, and fubfifting chiefly upon nlhing. In 
 ' the midft of the Ruins flands the eaft end of a 
 
 * great Church, probably the ancient Cathedral. 
 ' The Ifland of Tyre (which was joined to the Con- 
 ' cinent by Alexander ] in its natural State fcems to 
 ' have been of circular Figure, containing no more 
 ' than forty Acres of Ground, round which are the 
 remains of an ancient Wail. Travelling ftill South- 
 ward on the Sea-Coait, >yc arrive ac 
 
 tVKKr in ASIA 
 
 Acre or Aten^ named Pt»hmals from Ptehmy I. 
 King of Egjft who re-edified it, and fo known in 
 I at in Writers, but ill vulgar fpccch rctainiug its old 
 Name, called by the Freucli St.Jeniid'Mte, bccaiilf 
 of the Knights of St. Johnof Jeiufalem who refilled 
 here, and defended the City againft the S/im^w;. 
 Often taken and retaken by the ChrijUans and rwi/ 
 in the Holy-War, before out valiant King l^ictwd I. 
 regain'd Www 1 191. and gave it to the Knights of 
 St. Join abovenam''d, who kept it an hundred Ycjrs • 
 when by rhe force of an Army nf 150000 T«f(' 
 it was finally taken, and its ftrong Fortifications razed 
 to the Ground. King Edward I. then Prince, in 
 his tjtpedition to the Holy-I.and, received a wound 
 at this City, with a poyfoii'd Dagger, which hij 
 Wife cured by Sucking out the Poyfon : In its flou- 
 rifhing State, it was a large and very ftrong built 
 City, of Triangular form, two fides whereof wcte 
 walhed by the Sea, and the third open'd to a 
 Champaign, which was very ftrongly Fortified : In 
 the niidlf of the Town, flood a very high Towtr, 
 whereon a light was always kent for a gijide 10 jifa. 
 rincrs j but as Mr. Manderil tells us, when the lurkj 
 after a long Siege had taken it, they ruin'd it in fo 
 barbarous a manner, as if they reielv'd to take fj|| 
 revenge of the Blood it had coft them, and from 
 which it has never been able to redeem it felf, bcingat 
 this time in fo low eftate, that except alarge Kane or 
 Inn, in which the French Faftors refidc, a Mofque 
 and a few poor Cottages j you fee nothing here but 
 vaft Ruins. In Situation, on the North and Eafl it 
 is corapafled with a fpacious fertile Plain, on the 
 Weft it is wafted by the Medttcrramnn-Sea, and on 
 the South by a large Bay extending as fat as Mount 
 Carmel. in the fame Latitude with Sidon, about 
 40 Miles to the Eaft, on the North fide of Mount 
 Litanus, ftands the City Damajcus, upon a Riiet 
 anciently lumed Chryforrhens now Barrady, furround- 
 ed with a moft fruitful Countrcy where the Vines 
 yield the richeft Wine, and bear fruit all the Year 
 long, which with tkt other excellent Fruits, Flowers, 
 Corn, e?f. render the Place fo exceeding delightful, 
 that Mnhomet would not venture himielf into it, 
 leaft the Pleafures ftiould too much affcift him : This 
 was the Seat of the Race of tkc Syrim Kings 
 300 Years, before Tigtatb Pilefar King of Affyna 
 Hew ^e^in the laft King, and added Oamafcui to his 
 Dominion j with that Monarchy, it paffed to tho 
 Perfian and Grecian, and fo downwards with the reft 
 of Syria, as already mentioned ; till the Sara\ni 
 took it and made it their Regal Seat, before Ba^dn 
 was built ; under whom it had a ftrong Caftle for 
 its Defence, and was a moft flourilhing and rich 
 Place. It was a feparatc Kingdom under the Ttr\(i(li 
 Princes, of the Sel^uccian Faraily for near 200 Years; 
 which was terminated in ii6i. by the Conqueft 
 of the City, and Death of the laft Prince, by the 
 Hands of Hnalm the Tartar. Conquer'd afterwards 
 by the Mamaluktj, and again by Tanierlitin, reco- 
 ver'd by the M/iwi<j/h^m ; and finally W. D. 1516. 
 furrendetcd to the Turl^l, who have ever fince pui'- 
 fefled it. The City was much deftroyed by Tumtr- 
 litin, but repaired by the Mamelukes and Turl^s, and 
 in its prefent State is a Town of pretty large extent, 
 and reafonably Populous, being tneSeatof theJBf^- 
 I'rlieg, whofe Government extends all over Jud^ta: 
 The Houfes as Mr. Manderil tells us, are but ordi- 
 nary, the Walls being Mud, and the Sirufture low, 
 but well furnilhcd with Gardens, which makes the 
 place ftill Plea&nt ; the view efpccially at a diftance 
 
 oif 
 
^^^ 
 
 T H OB N I C I A. 
 
 it the Mountains ii very delightful ; the River fal- 
 ling from the neighbouring Mountains, affords a 
 large and quick Stream, lupplyiiic not only their 
 Houfei, but Gardens too with Wator in plenty ; 
 The Art of making the Linnciis and Silks, which 
 we call Damasks came from hence ; and the Place 
 ii dill much rcforteJ to for its wrought and raw 
 Silks, Wine, Pmins, Dates, Oyl, Cotton, Drugs, 
 and other valuable Cominodities, not only of the 
 Native Produd, but alfo brought hither from I'ci/ia 
 and other Parts ; for thli City is a Stage of the 
 Caravans from I'l-r/U, Atrppo, and Conftantinapte to 
 Mecca. Memoralilc to us ChriftUni for the Conver- 
 lion ol St. Pom/, and ftill the See of the Greek Pa- 
 triarch, and the Habitation of many Chriftiani, of 
 the various Seds found in thefe Countries, each 
 whercuf have their fcparatc Churches, and the Hp- 
 nun-Catlmlicki two or three Colleges ' The City 
 'ffays Mr. MnnJcril) is of a long Itraight fi- 
 ' gute , its inds pointing near Notih-eaft and 
 ' South-weft. It is very (lender in the middle 
 ' hut fwi-lK bii!i;<r at each end, cfpecially at that 
 ' to the Nortli-call ', in its length as far as 1 could 
 ' guefs by iitV Eye, it may extend neat two 
 ' Miles. It is thick fct with Mofques and Steeples 
 ' the ufiial Orniiiiients of the Tuikifl} Cities, and is 
 ' cncompafled with (Jardens extending no lefs, ac- 
 ' coriiiiig to commoncftirratinn than 30 Milesround, 
 ' which makes it look like a noble City in a vail 
 ' Wood. The Cardcns are thick fet with Fruit 
 ' Trees of all kinds, kept frelhand vcidant by the 
 
 '9 
 
 ' Waters of UnrrnHy. You difcover in them many 
 ' Turrets, and Steeples and Summer-houfrs, fre- 
 ' quently peeping out from amidft the green Boughs, 
 ' which may be conceived to add no fmall beauty 
 ' to the Profpedl. 
 
 At feme diltance from Dnmafcui to the South-«aft 
 nands Rtilbec, Antiq. Htliepelij, 1. e. City of the 
 Siin, a Town at prefect of about a Mile abd halff 
 Circumference, and of no great account .- Bat the 
 ftatel y Ksmains of a Building on the South fide, which 
 was ». Temple dedicated to the Sun, is a Curiofity 
 that attradis a Travellers Eye, and accordingly was 
 vilitcdby Mr. Mandcril. ht his return from Jerufalem 
 to Aleppo : to whofe account of the Magnificence o.*" 
 this Building, we muft refer our Reader, as being 
 too larce to be particulariz'd here. And can only 
 tranfcribe from him this general Charader, " That it 
 ' ftrikes the Mind with an Aii of greainefs beyond 
 ' any thing extant, and is an eminent Proof of the 
 ' Alagnificence of the ancient Articheflure. 
 
 Thus have we pafled thro' S;rU and PlianUla, and 
 given our Reader as ample an Account of the Cities 
 and Places of note, as the intended brevity of this 
 Work permits, or indeed as can be expedted in a 
 general Geography. We Ihall now proceed into 
 i'4/f//<«f,which being the place of Adion of almoft all 
 theHidory oftheOld Teftament, we fhall be obliged 
 to be more particular in its Dcfcription. And befides 
 an account of its prcleni State fliew the Situations of 
 the Tribes oi I/rael, and the Cities and Places where 
 the Ads of the Old Teftament were perform "d. 
 
 xnor 
 1) 
 
 
 f i 
 
 '•»» 
 
 I) 2 
 
 u 
 
 CANAAN 
 
 Tiiir ~wn 
 
 n ; 
 
 \- 
 
 
20 
 
 -.1-1. •. 
 
 • ! I 
 
 7 1 «K /v^ \y\ ASU, 
 
 J7 
 
 S9\ 
 
 CANAAN. 
 PALESTINE or 
 Ik* Holy Land BCc. 
 
 JitviJdd into -tht tu*c^t** 
 Tnh^j of lfr«el 
 
 
 s-pi'ii''* :^:/4i Vrj^jL' 
 
 -»»» >■ .*/4»- T. or «i • - " 
 
 ' o n A H 
 
 ^C#M - 
 
 THE 
 
 <:.u^« 
 
 .a««^ 
 
 
 
 
 ,»»*- 
 
 /i> 
 
 2>»r« 
 
 
 "^'I'^^'J:?**,--'-^ 
 
 ,«•*«•■<"", 
 
 
 GREAT ^v*-^^ 
 
 ■^.^v •**"'•»■♦•'> » ^^■''Vy"'* . ,ijr ,/v 
 
 
 ■Jribx oi Ipmhaim .."<Sv 
 
 SEA. 
 
 i^T 
 
 z 
 
 . , . », ^IfxMJA 
 •^***" « . r, DT I>-A M^ . 
 
 1/^ .-7-:^V. ' Xt 
 
 _- -* . -_-.r - 
 
 AJTZ) or THX 
 
 '> 
 
 
 XA>rz» or rjfX _ 
 
 
 " • r. 
 . '^ '' ^ JSJUA-LZTXS. 
 
 
 »s 
 
 J' 
 
 l^r^v''***'**' S T O 3Sr E Y 
 
 ^o^a-'V'*" Arabia 
 
 CHAP. 
 
zi 
 
 CHAP. IV. 
 The Modern State of ] U D /T. A. 
 
 ?' 
 
 'iAlilline, Judu or the ltttyL»ntl, under all 
 which Names 'tis known ; I'alejlinr from the Na- 
 tion of Philijiines, who pollelfcd a great part of ic, 
 called alfo in Scripture thu Land of Coniun from the C.i- 
 nuwiti, who polfelTcd another great part j?x'/.r.i from 
 tJieTribe of Jiidalitivi the Holf-L/tn4 by us Chrijliam, 
 bccaufe the place of Birth and Preaching of otir 
 Blelfcd Saviour : Is fcated on the South of SrU and 
 Plxtnklit, between the inoft HaHernpart of the XUtii- 
 wrnnctin-Sc/i, and the Dtfarts of .lulnti. txtend- 
 aliout 200 Miles from North to South, and hardly 80 
 from Lart to Wed The Soil and Climate were in- 
 compirably truiifui and pleafant, as we are abun- 
 dantly infornicd in Holy-Writ, but at prefent 'tis 
 foill Cultixatcd, that except a few Figs, Pomegra- 
 naicj, Palm-trees, Granges, and louie Vines which 
 grow in the Valleys ; there remains none of that an- 
 cient Plenty. 'I'hc l{iven are but Imall Streams, 
 anddcfervc mention only,becaufe fo often fpoke of in 
 Holy-Writ .; and therefore will be more properly re- 
 fcrr'd to the account of ancitnt Judti, which ivc 
 fhill do in a Chapter by it fclf. Of Momitaim ic 
 is very abundant, l.ibanut and /Inti-libanm are its 
 Boundaries on the North, as Herman is on the Eaft , 
 thefe arcconiinued Chains; befidfs which,many fingic 
 Hdls rife in thcMidland.of which I muO here mention 
 Mount Carpiel, becaufe feated juft in our way 
 in the South bounds of Phanicia, and by Ptolemy 
 iced to that Country ; it is of ftcep afccnt 
 UTi\ indifferent height, fruitful in Olives, Vines, 
 and Herbs ; and remarkable on account of the rc- 
 neat of lUUs the Prophet to it from the fury of 
 Jt^^if/ and of later times, for the Order of Var- 
 mtliie Fryars begun here by fome Hermits, in Me- 
 mory of the Piophet( Wi/Hc 1 m Jand theiKe difpcrs'J 
 into all parts of Chiijhndom. 
 
 This Country is now governed by a Be(>Ieibeg 
 under the Grand Seignior, whole Scat at we have 
 'aid is at Drnm/iu, and under him by Ten San- 
 giacks, which is all the Divifion we can allign in its 
 prefent State. The chief Places now left are, 
 I'iorow, a fttong 1 own built by the Cinillinm on the 
 Hills near Tyre, to fecure the City againlt the Turlij, 
 Belfort, another place of flreiigth, on a Hill near 
 the River F.leuthcrus now Nuar. MomfottMiiMotit- 
 %4/ of the. fame kind, all rrtcntioned in the Hi- 
 fiory of the Holy- War, but now not conliderable. 
 Nii^ni«/j or j\'(i;ijM, a ruinous Town tho' formerly a 
 Rood City, feated on a Hill about ?o Miles Stwth 
 from Aco7t, the Capital of a Territory coticlirti^ng 
 15 Villaeesi and famous for the Refielcnce of the 
 blelTcd Virgin; whofe Houfe that ftood here (accord- 
 ing to the ^(i»ni(« Legends) was removed by Angels, 
 atid carried from Place to Place by four feveraf re- 
 piovals, till at laft fix'd at where it now flaiids, near 
 jfncon/i in Naples. Divers Ruins on the fide of the 
 Hill, (hew the limits of the old City. Tiherhii^' on 
 the Banks of the GnliUm SqU, once a famous City, 
 built and named thus by Httod; in Honour of the 
 Etnperot Tiberiitj, now in tuinouS State and called 
 S«/f«. BcthJ'm now £//t/rt?i,'at prefent a-Ciftle.only 
 
 feated on theWt'" Batik of the River Ji^r,Un a little be- 
 low the Sea of Gjoire. Knp.jla a Town nfen out of the 
 Ruins of Sjtn.iri.t, or r.uher m the Place of Sichim, is 
 feated in a Valley between two Hills Cen\im and l.- 
 L.il, intheMid landbrtwcentheSeaandtheRiver /or- 
 dani itistheScatof aSangiack, and the Capital of a 
 Territory of 100 Villages. ' It is pays Minitril) in 
 
 * poor condition in coinparifon of what it is icpre- 
 
 * lenccU to have been aiiiiriuly ; conlilting of tv.'i 
 Streets only, lying p.iiallcl iiiulir Mo\itit Gfri'ijwi j 
 
 ' but 1* full ct' l'LO^)le, and the Seat of a B.ijf/"i. 
 ' Jurt without the City Itandsa fmall Mofque faid, 
 ' to have been built over tbc Sepulchre pun hafed by 
 ' Jneoh, in which Jojeph's Bones lie intcrr'd : And 
 ' at an Hour's diftaiicc they Ihcw Jacob's Well, 
 ' where our Saviour had the Confcniice with the 
 ' Woman of Snwitria, over which St. Uctenn built 
 a Church, but is now deltroycd. S.bttJIe, as the 
 ancjciK SanmrU was aftciwards named, is now in 
 Ruins. Jipp" or }''#.», fcated on tlie Sea-Coa(l, 
 and reckoned the Haven to Jcrujalem, (lands 40 miles 
 South- welt from Sum hm, and 3 □ North- weft from Jc- 
 ru/itlenii fl"^ Haven is defended on the South and Weft 
 by Rocks, but open ot the North, and at prefent much 
 choak'd up with S:.iids-, (bme fmall Traftick is itillcar- 
 ried on here, and fome Iims maintained for recep- 
 tion of Travelers coining from Emopi to JerujaUm. 
 JERUSALEM, L«t. Hi>» ofoiym^, Turc. Cud- 
 fcmburich and CouJJchreri/, the ancient Capital of this 
 Ijind,and formerly one of the molt fumptuoutaiid po- 
 pulous Citiciof the World, is at prcfentapcor thinly 
 inhabited Town of abovit three Miles Ctrcuniference, 
 feated on a rocky Mountain, with very llecjiafcents 
 on all fides except the North, and furrounded with 
 deep Vallejs, which are again ciicompafled with 
 Hilis ; the Soil ftony, but affording ncvcrthLlefs 
 Com and O'ivcs where cultivated, but at diftance 
 from the To '11, there grows little ej(e but Grafs and 
 other Ipontaneous Herbs which runup to Seed uncut. 
 JetKJ/ilem ftands in the 31 D- Ijt. and '.i* D. Longit. 
 about 50 Miles Eaft from the Sea-Coalt, about 
 I oc South from Ptolcni.iii or Wrow, 15 Weft from the 
 River ;?or(//!n, and 60 North frum the Mountains of 
 Stir, which part Jude.i from Aralia, The various 
 Cataftrophes of this City before the Birth of our Sa- 
 viour, we Ihall nor mention here, asl>eingi fitter to 
 be told with the ancient State hereafter : But its Fate 
 (ince, is in flioft thus. According to our Lord's Prc- 
 ditSion, it was deilroyed by the R^mani, under the 
 Condut^ of Ti>«( Velpafim, A. C. 7 1 . at which timc 
 1 1 00000 Jews died, by Famine, Sword, and civildif- 
 cord. Ocllroy'd a fecond time,and totally razed to the 
 GrouMl by Ulius AdrUnus, 4. 1J4. and in its place 
 a new City built, which he cali'd l-.lin Citpitoiifl ; 
 «nd in oppofition to the Jtws, the Chn'Jlians were 
 permitted' to inhabit it, who poIlcH'ed it 500 Years; 
 inmidft of which time, it was re-edified and a- 
 dorned with many (lately Stri;ftures by St. lieknc, 
 MotJier of the Emperor ConjUnthie the Great, and 
 Daughter of a Kritain, whole Piety leading her hi- 
 the»to*i«w the Theatre ot that great TranfaQion, the 
 
 Redemption 
 
 !■ I, 
 
 m 
 
 
1- 
 
 I ' 
 
 '• JT' '-^ 
 
 ■^T 
 
 22 
 
 Redemption cf MaukinJ, (Vc caufed the Filth and 
 Rubbilh which had been thrown upon the Place of 
 our Lord's Faifioii and Burial, to be removed ; and 
 as the Story goes, found the Crofs on which he fuf- 
 fered, together with the two others of the two 
 Thieves, the right one of which was dittinguilhed 
 by a niiraciijous Cure of a fick Woman, which the 
 other two being laid on her, affe(fted not. Having 
 remo\edall the R.ibbilh from Mount CMvarj, and 
 other facred I'iaccs, (he built a noble and magnifi- 
 cent Church including vhem all, which Church is^ 
 ftilJ ftanding and in good Repair, the Walls of 
 Sione, the Roof of Cedar; the taft end including 
 Mount C'.»/v.i),y, and the Weft the Sepulchre ; the Welt 
 part is circular and cover'd with a ftately CupoU, 
 ftanding upon i6 Mafl'y Columns, (which were 
 crufted with Marble,) whofe centre is open at top di- 
 rcdly over the Sepulchre ; the Ealt end is alfo 
 crown'd with a Cupi^l.i over the great Altar, and the 
 Nave of the Church conftiiutes the Choir ; in the 
 fide Iflcs arc Ihewn the place where Jcjeph of Ari- 
 m.ttlvn anoinied our Lord's Body, the place where 
 the Virgin Mnry (loud at the time of the Crucifixion, 
 the Tombs of Godfrey and Bu'Jmn, the two fi'lt 
 Cliriftiitn Kings of Jeiujaleni, thcfe on the South 
 lide ; on the North, the Place where Chrilt 
 appeared to M.i y M/iniUlen, the Pillar he was fixt 
 to when Scourged, and at the North-eali corner, the 
 Prifin he was kept in ; on the South eid fide of the 
 Choir, they lliew the Place where he was crown'd 
 with Tliorns and derided, and from thence is the 
 afcei : by il fteps to Mount Calvary, where in a fmall 
 Chapel, they (new the Place where he wasnail'dto 
 the Crofs, and finally where the Crols it fclf was 
 ereffed : Here is a fumptuous Ahar, whereon fland 
 three CrolTes, and before it 46 Lamps '.re kept con- 
 tinually burning, adjoyining to it is another fmall 
 Chapel, both which Front and open to the Church : 
 The Sepulchre in the Weft part, is alfo a fort of a 
 Chapel, into which form the Rock is hewn and a- 
 dorn d with a I.anthorn at top fupported by Pillars 
 of Porphyry. The Cloilter round the Sepulchre is 
 divided into many Chapels, appropriated to the fe- 
 veral Sccb of C/j. iflinns that relide here, as Jacohitei, 
 /Inncmans, Mtriotiitei, Copriiei, Aby^mis, Ctotgitivs; 
 and on the Nsrthweft of it, the Apartments of 
 the Lfit'.tics. Thcfe cnnitar.tly refide here, for the 
 Turk keeps the Keys of the Cliurch, and they have 
 nrt the Liberty of coming out, but receive their 
 Provilions and Neceifaries at a Wic'net. At Etijltr 
 the Pilgrims paying a Fee are admitted, and after 
 the Orecrony over, let out again, of thefc there are 
 conlfantly gieat numbers, who "o in the Evening 
 before Gooc-V'yday, and return the Morrow after 
 li.ijict-ba) : In which time they view all the Sacred 
 Places, and aflift at the ceremonious Rites, wherein 
 the feveral parts of our Lord's Paflion. arc adled 
 with more Mimeckry than agree with fo Sacred a 
 matter. 'Tis this Church that is the fupport of the 
 Town, the whole Trade of it confifting in accom- 
 modating tLe Pilgrims v'-:h conveniences j ; and the 
 Fee they pay to the Government for Liberty to go in- 
 to It, is a very confiderable Revenue, for which 
 realon a Sangiack refides here with his OfHccrs and 
 Soldiers, who befides the ufual dues, frequently ex- 
 torts Money of the Fmncijc^m, whofe Convent is 
 the ecnrral Receptacle of Pilgrims, for which they 
 are largely allowed by the Pope and other Princes, 
 2nd befides receive Prefents from the Pilgrims at 
 (heir Departure. St. Helena built divers Churches 
 
 rVRKr in JSU. 
 
 and Chapels in the City and near ir, over the Ground 
 where the facred Ads were pcrform'd i as where the 
 lafl Supper was eaten(whicb being deflroyed has now 
 a Mofque in its Place}; where the Palace of Caiphu 
 ftood, bccaule our Sa\ iour was there bulfcted, fthe 
 old one deftroyed, a lefs (lands now in its Place); at 
 the Sepulchre of the Blelfed Virgin : at Bethltm (^c. 
 Therp is to be feen in the South- eaft part of the 
 City upon Mount \hri<t, a building commonly 
 call'd Sohmoti's Temple, ftanding indeed in rhe Place 
 where that ftood, but as the I'emple was tot?ll» 
 deftroyed by the Upmam, by whom tiiis was '. 
 is uncertain : It is en .red at the Eafl under an eigtii 
 fquare Building, withCu/i /« Roof and Lantern, and 
 forward on to the Weft ward, is a fair diredl Ifle like 
 a Church > the whole furrounded with a large iquare 
 Court walled on every fide. The Magnitude of this 
 according to Mr. Mtimleril, is 570 common Paces 
 long, and 370 broad : In the midft whereof on the 
 fairie Ground, where ftood the Sandum Sat.Hsruw, 
 there now (lands a Tuikf/I} Moftjue. The Area on 
 which the Temple ftood, was a Plain cut by vaft 
 Labour out of the rocky Mount : Near this Temple 
 ftands the Houle of the Sangiack, formerly the Pa- 
 lace of I'iUte, and fuppos'd to be the Callle Antmu 
 built by Herod : Here they Ihew the Stairs our Sa- 
 viour afcendcd, (at Icall Stairs inftead of them, 
 for the Scnla Saiilia is pretended to be at Hfnn^) the 
 Window where he was fhewn to the People by 
 Piint,; the way he paifed to his Crucifixion, called 
 the bolorciti VTai, wherein they (hew the Places 
 where he fell with the weight of his Crofs, where 
 they met Simon of Cyrcnr, where the Blcired Virgin 
 fownded at the light, (in which a Church was built, 
 but, is now ruinous,) the Place where wiping his 
 Face with a Napkin, he left the Piint of it on the 
 Cioath, £3'r. Innumerable arc the Antiquities they 
 (hew Strangers in this Gty and about it, as the 
 Valley of Jehojophat, the Valley of Gci.imm, the 
 Accldcma, the Garden of Mount Olivet, the Place 
 where our Saviour prayed in his Agony, the Place 
 where the Apoilles hid themfclves, the Place where 
 St. Peter denied Chrift, and where he wept. Mount 
 Olivet not far from the City on the Eaft fide, re- 
 ckoned near a Mde in height, on the Sommctt where- 
 of ftands a Chapel built over the Place of the Af- 
 cenfiun ; in the Floor ( which is the natural Rock) 
 they ihew the imprefflon of a Foot, faid to be our 
 Lord's J the Chapel is fnull not above 1 1 Foot 
 wide, of round form with a Cupeln fupported by Co- 
 lumns of white Marble ftiU in good repair, built by 
 St. Helena, together with a ftatcly Temple over it, 
 and a Wonaftery, but thofe in Ruins. 'Twould be 
 too much to dcfcribe all the Antiquities they Ihew, 
 he that defires the particulars, will find them excel- 
 lently fet foith by Mr. Snndys, and what he omitted 
 by Mr. Mmderit, to which wemuftrefcrhim. The 
 City is w^dled round, and has an old Caftle on the 
 Weft fide, but is of no great Stretigth at this time, 
 however famous formerly for its Defence. It was 
 taken by the J/i>4^f«» in Anno 6j6. recover'd by 
 Godfrey of Bulloign, in 1 099. pofTcfTed by him and 
 his Succeflbrs Kings of 3rnfalem, till in 1l87.it 
 was taken by SMdine Sultan of j£.g)p*, and by his 
 Succeflbn held till Anno 1517. when SelimutiYx 
 the Turk, having Conqucr'd both ^gypt and the Hoi)- 
 Land, became Mafter of the City, and his Succef- 
 fon have ever fine* held it. The Circuit of this Ci- 
 ty as meafured by Mr. M-nderil without the Walls, 
 is 4167 Yards or two Milu-and a half. 
 
 Betbeltm, 
 
w 
 
 Of the Ancient State of J U D /E A. 
 
 23 
 
 Betklon, feared on a Hill in a pleafanc Soil, about 
 feven Miles South from Jerujaiem, was lin its an- 
 cient State a good City, now a foriy Village j re- 
 foited to by Pilgrims to view the Place of out Lord's 
 Nativity, over which St. H Una treiScd a nohJc 
 Temple, whofeRoof is Ceti. ., fupported by fbiir 
 Rows of white Marble Pillars, ten in a Kow, and 
 the Wall faced with the fame Stone. The Chancel 
 coni>.;utes the upper end of a Crofs, and is cover'd 
 mih a ftatcly CutoU ; under the Church in a Cave 
 hewn out of the Rock, is the Chapel of theNativity, 
 where they ftiew the Manger our Saviour was laid in, 
 cutalfooutof the Rock and now cruftcd with Mar- 
 ble; an Ahar with the rcprcfcntation of the Nativity 
 isetcdcd herc,and Lamps arc kept burning before it j 
 adjoyning to the Church, (tands a Monaftry of 
 Franci/cans who have the care of it, but neither 
 Monallry nor Temple are in right good cftate, bear- 
 ing the face of Poverty and neglcift. Near the Town 
 they Ihew a Valley wherein Jncob fed his Flock, and 
 where the Angels appeared to the Shepherds to de- 
 clare ihe Birth of Chrift. The pious Emprcfs wc 
 havefo often named, built here alfo a Church now 
 ■n Ruins ; not far oft" ftands a Village, which they 
 fjy was the Habitation of the Shepherds i they alfo 
 pretend to (hew the Place, a Cave, where S'J-ph hid 
 Mar} and the Child, till he could flee as the Angel 
 haddireifted, alio the place where he lay, whenthe 
 i^ngel gave him that Command. 
 
 _ Hcl>ron,now named E}l{ahil, the ancient Seat of Ua- 
 fiWbefore he took Jcn.fulem from theJel/uliiK, Itands 
 on a Ridge of Mountains which overlook a molt de- 
 Jicious Valley, 15- Miles Couth froju jL-rnlrhm ; the 
 old City is ruined, but near it in a Villapc is a good- 
 ly Temple, built by Helena over a Cave where the 
 old Patriarchs lie buried ; it is now iiuiird into a 
 Mofque, and is vititeil in Devotion by ihe r«ii;;, U 
 is the Capital of a Diltriil of about i^ Village?, cal- 
 led the 'ienitory of tl^- I'lien.l of l.'c./. 
 
 On the Sea-Coaft ftand /Ic'iann and A^otus, now 
 in Ruins. And /ifcdlon more to the South cailJ Sen- 
 Ian/I, famous heretofore for the Temple of Dago/,, 
 now a fmall Town, with a Twkjflj Garnfon of no 
 note. G/i^<i or Ga^-iivj, feated alfo on the Sea-Coalt, 
 in the Lat. 31. lo. once an eminent City of the 
 Philijiinei, famous for the Ads of Snmf/on, Hands 
 tipon a Hill environ'd with Valleys, and again with 
 Hills planted with delicious Fruiis .- the Town is at 
 prcfcnt of but indiffeientStrudtnre and forty Habita- 
 tion ; But retaining many marks of its ancient 
 Beauty hy broken Marbles, and Riitisof Archesand 
 other /lately liuilding. Ithas anold Caftlt, where- 
 in refides a Sa piackwho has tho Government of a 
 Territory coutaiiiing 300 Villages. ThisTuwnis 
 not above 20 Miles from the Frontiers of -Eg^pft 
 and no confiderable Plare lying beyond it, we (hall 
 here dole our account ot iModern J«</c(j. 
 
 iHii 
 
 V "^ 
 
 iii.1 
 
 1/ 1 
 
 i.m 
 
 CHAP. V. 
 
 Of the Ancitnt State of J U D i^ A. 
 
 
 ^VDitA or the Land of Canaart^ hid its Name 
 / as wc have faid, from the Royal Tribe of yurfd/-, 
 and from the Nation of the Cntionj itej, dcfcended 
 from Caman the Son of Cham, who polfefled the 
 land when Abi aham firft entrcd it. I'hc I'Lilijlhivs a 
 powerful Nation, who poffefled the Maritine Country 
 Ci,e the h'lme of I'nlefiini: to their Part, which 
 by Sfwcdoche was applied to the whole by the Gnekt 
 and {{pmans, and lo handed down to us. It is feared 
 in the fourth and fiftU Climates, between the 31 D. 
 and the 34 D. 50 ni. of North LatitiJc, the longeft 
 Day being alxjut i :, Hours and a quarter. Enioying 
 therefore a Tcmpttate .Air, and an exceeding fruit- 
 ful SOIL, produci'ig Corn, Wine, Oil Hony, 
 delicious Fruits, the famous Balm, and other Me- 
 dicinal Rarities, bcfides Flovrers, Grafs and Her- 
 bage in vcrj- great Plenty. And tho' the prefent ill 
 Eftatc of this Country, might give room to doubt it, 
 the Teftimony of Mnjl-s, Dcut'. 8. and of even the 
 Emperor Juiinn, who in his Epiftles fpeaks of the 
 perpetuity as well as fecundity of the Fruits of yud^a 
 anlwet ali exceptions. Figs, Oranges, Pome- 
 granates, the Apple of Paradice, Dates, are ftill 
 round here, but the ancient Bulm is loft, and they 
 hive no Pears, Plumbs, Cherries ot Nuts, but what 
 are brought from Dtm.ifcus. 
 
 The chief Rivers arc, "Jotdnn fo named from two 
 little Streams Jor and Dmi, which rife at the Foot of 
 the Anti-LibanHi, and aficr a courf^ of about 10 
 
 tniles uniting, cohipofe its Stream' ; it is not a River 
 of cither length, depth, or breadth equal to its fame, 
 its whole courfe till it falls into the DeaJ-Se.i, being 
 not above 1 5 o Miles, its breadth not above 10 Yards, 
 and its depth not fufficient forNavigation; inlits Paf- 
 fage it makes two Lakes, the firft call'd Me'cm, of 
 fmall extent and dry in Summer, rhe fccond calkd 
 the Sea of Galilee, or the Lake of Tiberia.', or lake 
 of Getma:^eieih of 1 00 Fuflongs in length, and 40 in 
 Breadth. The Dead-Sea as it is call'd by a i'alfe 
 Opinion, that it kiU'd even the Birds that flew over 
 it, is by etperiencc to deferve no fuch terrible 
 Name ; it is indeed extreara Salt, and the Water 
 thereby fo ftrong, that it will hardly admit a hu- 
 mane Body to (Ink, and has a bituminous Standi .' 
 'Tis faid to entertain no Fi(h or other living Crea- 
 ture, but in regard that Fi(h-flieii» arc found on its 
 Shoar, and that too as Mr. Mandefil oblbrvcs, at 
 two HourJ diftancc from the mouth of Jordan, there 
 is reafon to doubt the truth of that opinion. Iw ex- 
 tent is 70 miles from Nonh to South, and i« from 
 Eaft to Weft, and was formerly a Plain wherein 
 fiood the Cities of Sodom, Gomorrah^ /Idami and 
 Sehim, dcftroyed by Fire from Heaven. The other 
 Rivers are Cedron, Chijon, and fome other fmall 
 Streams which fall into the Mctertanean-Sea, Jatoc 
 and Amon, {^. whidifail into JorJan and the 
 Dead-Sea, 
 
 Th« 
 
»T-*n" 
 
 24 
 
 t)f the Ancient State 
 
 The thief Mountains are Lihmui and jtmi-Libnnus, 
 already mentioned in fpeaking of 5>ri'(i. Mount 
 Hcnnm, a long Ridge beginning in the North, at 
 'he Eaft point of Anti-Livnnui, and running South 
 totheCoaftsof Amhia, conftitutes theEaftern limits 
 of Jtiditn : Thus this Land is wonderfully fortified 
 by Nature ; for Libntius and Anti-Lihunui fecure k 
 on the North, Mount Hermon onthe Ea(l,thc Mch'tfi - 
 I- itifitn-Sea on the Weft, and the Mouiuains of 
 Seir, with the Defatt of /'<>'<i«oi) the Scjuth. 
 
 Other Eminences are Mount GnUmf, a fliort 
 Ridge on theEatt of Gd/i'/ff-Sca.Mount Giiboa another 
 ridge on the Weft ofJcrHav. Mount Gcii^im, Mount 
 Talor, the Mountains of Stirom, (which ftretch with 
 intermixt Valleys from the Sea of Galilee, to the 
 Mediterritner.il, and end in a white Cliff called Cape 
 Blanco by Seamen.) The Moui:tains ofBa/ar. Mounts 
 Pifg'il; KeLo, I'hgm, (jjc. Mount Moriab and 
 Mount Sicn in Jenifalcm, (on the former ftood the 
 Ten-.plf, and on the latter the Palace if David.) 
 Amount Cf.lvjjy, Ai'ount Oliver, and many others, 
 which will be Ipokc to in their proper Places. 
 
 The Antiqiiirics of this Country do more require 
 our confideration than any other whatfoever, be- 
 caufe this wasthe Place where ir pleafed the Almighty 
 to Reveal himfelf to A/ar.kinJ, to Promulgate his 
 Holy Law and G(irpeJ,and to work many Miracles for 
 the Convi£}ion of Infidels ; all which being particu- 
 larly re'ated in the Holy Scriptures, and the Hiilory 
 of the Inhabitants of this Country ncccifarily inter- 
 mixt. Our Readers Curioiity will undoubted ex- 
 fetfi a more diftindl account of this 1 and than o- 
 thers ; accordingly we lliall fct forth the feveral 
 States of Judi.t, as particularly as our purpofeJ bre- 
 vity will admit. 
 
 It was firft Peopled by Canaan the Son of Cham, 
 who with his eleven Sens came hither from Bal/el, 
 five of them fettled in Vl.ttiiieia and 5rn>, and the 
 otherfeven ; k/^. Heth, Jehuftui, dmoiJUn, Gcrge/hi, 
 Htvi, Sena, together with Canaan their Father, were 
 Founders of fo many Nations. The Hcthircj otHit- 
 tites inhabited about Dtbron to Bofhtba, and the 
 Brook Befor, reckoned by \Ufei the South limits of 
 Cana.w. The Jebiijites or Sons of Jebuj, dwelt next 
 to them on the North as far as J'bui, afterwards 
 Jetiijakm. The Amcrites of Amor.cui, roflcired the 
 Country on the taft fide of Jordan, between the 
 River Ainoii en the South-eaft, and Mount GaUad 
 on the North . Afterwards the Seat of the Tribes of 
 Heiibcn atn\ Gad. Gf r^f/?Ji was Father cf the Gcr^e- 
 fnit.'j, whofe I and lay next above the Amoiitei, on 
 the Eaft fide of \.\xGalileaii-Sea, where afteiwards 
 the half Tribe of Afdw^/T'^J dwelt. And ffom Hivi 
 de(cended the lUvites, who dwelt more to theNorth- 
 wartl under Afount l.ibanvs. Where tlie Sops of 
 Sena planted is lefs known, but the Vildcrnefs Sin 
 and Amount Sin.u are fuppofed to be denominated 
 trom them ; and by Dr. Heiiin'% ConjeAure, the Pe- 
 ri:(ifes were of that Originr, becaufe it makes one 
 of the feven N.itiom of Canaanites, that God com- 
 manded the Ifraelites to dedroy ; thefe dwelt on the 
 Weft Banks of Jordan, and the Canaamtet next to 
 thetn in the mid- land of all. 
 
 Thefe and fome fmaller Nations pofltfTed the 
 Land, when God commanded Abraham to remove 
 from Mefofotaniia where he then dwelt, to fcparate 
 himfelf frnm that Molatrous People, and to Travel 
 to this Land, which he promifed to give to him and 
 to his Chikiren. Accordingly Abraham with hi« Bro- 
 ther /.Of, ' ■ their Wives, S^tvants, Cattle, C'r. 
 
 by the guidance of God Almighty, anivcd fate here; 
 And he came to Siehem nmo the Plain of Mum- 
 ( lays the Text) which is fuppofed to be in that pari 
 afterward poflefled by IJfachai ; here God Ihewed 
 h m the l.ai;d, and alfured him of his Seeds polfil. 
 fing it : Abraham riflioving Southward planted his 
 1 ents at Bsthel and llr.i, Qin theTtibcof iJcn/jj/Kt, j 
 whence pioceeding Southward, he at length paifej 
 into yEgypt to avoid Fa.nine, and being rcturncj to 
 Bithe', determined to abiile there ; but a fttil'e ai:. 
 fitig between his Servants and thole of hib NVpIku 
 Lot, they divided, and Ab> alam dwelt about winro 
 Hebron afterwards was luilt, and Lnt dwelt na: 
 Sudtm, on the Barks of the River Joulai:. Tiiism 
 general was the Countr, of the firft Patriarchs, 
 be ore Ifrail departed into ''f-H;pt. 
 
 V'e muft now fpeak of the moft confiderablc of 
 the neighhoiirii'g Nations. 
 
 IbeAMfflOSirES, potfeflld a large Country 
 '"ii the Eaft fide of the River Ariion, adjoining to 
 the Amoritcs, by whom they were often infuitcd. 
 
 The MAIDIAMTE S, defceiidcd (rorn M.i.U 
 the Son of Abia'jam by Kjtmah, lay next to .;«„«;., 
 on the South. 
 
 The AlO J BIT£5',defceiiJed from U^ah thcSon 
 of Lit, pcffcired the Country upon the lower pair 
 of the River Amon, and extended Southward aimi; 
 the Coaft t.f the nead-S.r, difpuirdfcd of half tl,ci'r 
 Country, and confined more ;o the South by ilic ,,- 
 niorilej. 
 
 The EDOMITE^, or Children of /■./«, poi- 
 felfed the Country ontlie South of Ju.Ua, hewind 
 the A/ountains of Se.'i towards W(./..i Vet,f. 
 
 BASH A K, the Country of King 0;;, lay on ihe 
 North-eaft between AJouni llcmiou and (j.il.u.i, 
 and edjoiijing on the South to the Country of the 
 Amoritc. 
 
 ^OBAIf, lay next above ir on the North, and 
 HAM ATM, iieict onthe Notth-wtft towards the 
 Confines of i/ziVj. 
 
 This is a general View of the Ptifiine State d 
 Cana.w. 
 
 Prorecd we next tn the Di ifion of ih; I.ind, 
 among the Twelve Tribes of ihc Cli,l.,'rc:i J 
 Ijiael. 
 
 After the forty Years Peregrinaiion in il:c WilJ.i- 
 nefs, the Ijiaeiius being denied pnffanc tlito' l\'cn 
 or Uuin.ca by the Kir.g, to whom AJyi j fcnt a Civil 
 EmBalTy, he palfedthio' the Wilderncfs by ilic Bor- 
 ders of Morb, to the Banks cf the River .; i.m j 
 hciiceAfn/afcntan tmbaffy toS./fn King of thc^/m - 
 lit.s, defiring paflage thro' liisLand,but iV/ciitcfuling 
 and oppofing him with aa Army, ."'/iJ pirniitrcd 
 and encouraged the lf:a<liiej to fight them, whiih 
 with great Alacrity they underiook, and in the 
 Battle totally defeated the Aimriiti, and llcw tl.cir 
 King ; immediately they entred the Country, vsliich 
 they found to be a moft rich and fruitful luni', and 
 flaying all before them, became entire Maftctsofit. 
 Og the King of Bafwi being a Friend and Confe- 
 derate of Sihon marched to his AifiHance, but was 
 alfo defeated and (lain, and his whole Coun;iy 
 made fubjeiil to the vi(2orioiis Ifnidiiet. lUmc 
 King of iiioab obferving the Progrefs of the lf>aelitt,, 
 and defirous to ftop them, fent for Balaam a Prophet, 
 or rather Sorcerer, who lived at a great diflance 
 beyond the River Eufhiatei, to come to him to 
 Curfe them, but his intended Curfes were turnfd 
 into Bleflings, as is told at large in the li f<">i>i-- 
 fo that he could Jo ihem no harm, but by his wicked 
 
 Counr«l 
 
•[rtbeof Napthali. 0/ J U P ^ /\. 
 
 Counfel of fending the Miiiiatiite Women to allure 
 the Men of I/raci, and tempt them to Sin and Idolja- 
 try, which had its intended cfledl, and was the oc- 
 calioii of much Diforder and the Death of 24000 
 Ijuiclitcs, as is related Kuwk 15. To Revenge 
 which, and punilh that Idolatrous People, Mofet 
 levied an Army of 1000 out of every Tribe, which 
 under tlic Command of Vh'.nrm invaded Midlau and 
 oveicame them, and llcw their Kings, and brought 
 otf a valt Plunder. Having thus conquered a large 
 Country, and defeated their Enemies on every fide, 
 the two Tribes of ^-ubti: and D/tn, with half the 
 Tribe of Mnni-Jfa requefted of Mofci, that the 
 Country uftlie //«<oij/f J and Bi^/htin, might be given 
 tliem for theit Portion. Accordingly thofe Tribes 
 had their Scat on the Eaft fide of the River Jordan, 
 and all the reft of //v;?/ poflelfcd the Countries on 
 the other (ide, bitwecn Mount Lil'.iuui on the Noith, 
 and the Mountains of .Siir or Dclart of Pirm on the 
 South, except lomc part of the Sca-Cpaft, poffelfed 
 by the l',:::ijt!>i:'!, and an(jther part pofleffed by the 
 
 Piin'iiicium. 
 
 The Diftribution of this Land after the Conqueft, 
 ami utter extirpation ot the Cnn.ijhitej was thus ; 
 III the North from the foot of Mount Libams, to 
 the Sea of Galilee on the Banks of Jordan, the 
 Tnbe of .V W I' I IT II A LI had their Portion. Ad- 
 joyningto them on the Weft to the Frontiers of Plice- 
 »i'ci.t, lay the Lands of the Tribe of // S HE i{. On 
 the South of both thefe between the Sea of Galilei;, 
 and the Rivers Jeptncl on the North, and Chifon on 
 the South, the Tribe of ;^ // flf t O N were feated. 
 And next to him on the South lay the Territory of 
 \SSACHAI{^, extending fiom the River Jordnn to 
 the SeaCoaft. As did alfo the Lands of the other 
 half Tribe of MAN ASS US a-'joyn^ng to Ipchar. 
 AndtheTribeof EPHl{Al.\ton the South of Manajfeh. 
 Next to them lay the Portion of BENJA MIN, 
 but extending but half way from Jo/dat. to the Sea, 
 the reft not pofTefll'd by the Philiftitte, belonging to 
 the Tribe of DAN, whofc Country extended alfo 
 Southward by fide the Tribe of JZJ D A H, whofe 
 Land was of large extent along the whole Coaft of the 
 Dcad-'^e/:, to the Mo intuins of Siir. Laltly be- 
 tween the Southern part of Jnd.ih and the Sea-Coaft 
 lay tlie Tribe of SIMEON, who pofleffed the ex- 
 trcam South parts to Bter/?;-/-*?, and the other Land 
 beycnd it to ilie Brook Sirhnr. The Tribe of 
 L II V I had for their Portion particular Cities 
 ailieiicd to them, not all together, but in every 
 Province loine, that fo there might be in all parts of 
 the Laud, Ionic prefent to perform the Divine Offices. 
 
 We have one more general Divilion of this Coun- 
 try to mark out, and then we ihall proceed to the 
 dcfcription of the chief Towns. Namely, the Di- 
 
 2^ 
 
 vifion fet out by thj i{<im.ini, vvhich was into Six 
 Parts ; 1;/^, 
 
 Galilee, thachonitis, samah^ia, 
 
 PEIi-EA, JVD yii-A, and I DV M E A. 
 
 G A L I I, E E w.as the North-weft part, extend- 
 ing from Mount Lilittws on the North, to'the River 
 Chijon on the South ; between the Medittrxfiruan-Sta 
 on the^Veft, and the River Jordan wlthtbe Galilean- 
 Sen on the Eaft. And comprehended the Lands of 
 the Tribes oi ASHEH^, N A PTH d L T, X^ A- 
 BV LO H and J S A' AC II A I{. It was divided 
 into the Vfpcr and Lvwei . 
 
 The Vpper (Jnlilee, which was the Northern part, 
 called alfo Galilee of the Gentiles, and under thaB 
 Name mentioned fay St. Matih. c. 4. i, 1 5. compre- 
 hended Ajher and Njp:hali,»ni the Loxvcr ,'^i:btdcn and 
 JlJ.tchr.r. Alfo withm t;he limits of G.i/)/« as above 
 fet forth, is compnfcd the Territory of Decapolis, 
 or the Coumiy of the ten Cities mentioned Mat. 4. 
 and'Wdi. 7. lying on the Banks d Jordan and the 
 Lake. 
 
 Thofe Cities were Tiberias, Jotcpnta, Bethfaida, 
 Capernaum, Corai^ain, Beth/an or Scythofolls, C.tfnria- 
 Philippi, Sephet, Afar, and Kjidefh-Napthali. 
 
 TR^ACHONiriS, otherwii'e called tTl'H/£jl, 
 if it may not rather be divided into two Parts, where- 
 of Trachvnitii was the Northern part, and Ituna the 
 Southern. The whole was the Country lying on the 
 Eaft fide of Jordan, from Mount Liba),us to the 
 Frontiers of Perca, and comprehended the Territory 
 of the half Tribe of Mannjfes beyond Jordan. 
 
 SA.MAl^^lA, lay on the Weft fide of Jordan, 
 between that River and the Mediterranean, and the 
 Frontiers of Galilee on the North, and thofe of 
 Judta on the South. Containing the Lands of 
 the other half Tribe of Manaffes, and the Tribe of 
 Ephraim. 
 
 JVDyE.1 was the Country lying between the 
 Dead-Sta andche 'W^(V/>fi-r/iHf4n-i>>d,and contained the 
 Territories of the Tribes of Benjamin, Judah, Dan 
 and Simeon. 
 
 On the Eaft fide of tb^ lower Channel of Jordan 
 and the Dead-Sea, 1-y the Province I'EIi^j£A, 
 which had for its Ea tern limits, the Mount.tins of 
 Arnon ; on the Nori 1, the South hmits of Tracio- 
 nitis ; and on the South, it extended into Arabia Pc 
 trjea, containing the Territory of Gad and R^uben^ 
 and the Countries of the Ammonites, Midianites^ 
 and the Moabiies. 
 
 Laftly, IDVMEA was the Land of £<fo»j or the 
 Countrey of the Edomitct, it lay beyond the limits 
 of Palejlhic ; for its Boundaries, were Jud*a on the 
 North, Arabia-Petiia on the Eaft and South, and 
 the Mediterranean-Sea on the Weft. It is the Coun- 
 try where dwelt the Pofterity of Efau, who was alfo 
 called Edom, Gen. 36. I, 
 
 A Table of the Cities of Note, in the feveral Tribes of Ifrael. 
 
 In the Tribe of <<//«>. 
 
 Mafpba Territ, 
 Ciilul Territ, 
 Fatt-l'i 
 
 V uia major, 
 
 HvOU, 
 
 Cibala, 
 
 Aphek, 
 
 '"'g' 
 
 ot Valley St. H.icoc, 
 
 SIkath or Alcath, 
 
 Cijcala, 
 Cabiil, 
 
 Bethemeth, 
 Bethdagon, 
 Aeon or Ptolemait, 
 
 In the Tribe of Kf/irWi'. 
 Lejhem or Dan , poftei AjTrJim 
 
 Pandas , & 
 
 Philippi, 
 Beritn, Rcgio, 
 Arbclu, Regio, 
 Emath, Rcgio, 
 
 C*faria 
 
 Heliopotis, hodie Balhei. 
 
 lopi 
 ■dit 
 
 ;:( M\ 
 
 'iUij 
 
 M 
 
 m 
 
 
 .;)>: 
 
 Errtat^ 
 
26 
 
 Emath oxWimnth, 
 
 Amothdon, 
 
 Ser, 
 
 Cajitthaim, 
 
 Eblata, 
 
 Mertm Lake, 
 
 jtrnfithot Hanfeth, 
 
 Afor or Hafor, 
 
 Tents of Htber, 
 
 MafcAhth, 
 
 Arlelis, 
 
 M/tgdadel, 
 
 J^adefh Nafthnli, 
 
 Sefhet, 
 
 Bethfemeth, 
 
 Carthan, 
 
 Hamon, 
 
 Atom Cbrifti, 
 
 Caphumtium. 
 
 In the half Tribe of Ai4- 
 iiajfes beyond Jordan. 
 
 GileAdTetit, 
 
 Batania Terit, 
 
 G<«u/ow/>(jTerit, 
 
 Trachonitti Tetit, 
 
 Auranitit TwX, 
 
 Selfda, 
 
 Bofr/t, 
 
 Argob,', 
 
 AurtinOt Cauran, 
 
 GeJTur, 
 
 Mathati or MJtscha, 
 
 Gerfon, 
 
 Ajlaroth, 
 
 Adrach, 
 
 Gaulon, 
 
 Tents of I^edar', 
 
 Stieta, 
 
 Gamalit, 
 
 K'dnu 
 
 Kdrai, 
 
 GaUad or Gilead. 
 
 Pella, 
 
 AbeU or Abel-betbtnacha, 
 
 Jabefh GileaJ, 
 
 Coro\aini, 
 
 Julias, 
 
 Dcfart Beih/uidti, 
 
 Gerti/n or Gcrgcja, 
 
 Uifpoi, 
 
 Ephirn. 
 
 In the Tribe of T^bulm. 
 
 Bcthfaida, 
 
 Mitgdalum, 
 
 Jotoftita, 
 
 Jopha, 
 
 Tiberias or Cinnntth, 
 
 Gnrtha, 
 
 BethuUa, 
 
 I{emr)im, 
 
 Dbthaim, 
 
 Damna, 
 
 Seiner OH, 
 
 Tabor City and Mb«rt, 
 
 S/ifftt Or Stphoris, 
 
 Of the Ancient State 
 
 Cann of Galilee^ 
 Jeconam, 
 Zabulm, 
 Sicaminum oi Ephfa. 
 
 "" ■" tjfach/irl 
 
 Cirmel Mount, 
 Gilho* Mount, 
 Valley of Jeip'ticl, 
 Fields Magiddooithino( 
 
 Galilee, 
 Tarichaa, 
 Cefion, 
 IJfachar, 
 l{amoth, 
 Engannim', 
 Dabereth, 
 I{abboth, 
 Cedes, 
 Jeirael, 
 
 Naboth's\imyvd, 
 Aphee. 
 Enhadda, 
 Sum or Shuna, 
 Endor, 
 Kaim, 
 Bethfkemejh, 
 Ejdreion, 
 Caftrum Ptrigrinorum, 
 
 Half Tribe of Manajfes, 
 CIS Jordanum. 
 
 Betbfanot Scytliofolisl 
 
 Salem, 
 
 Aner, 
 
 Beie{, 
 
 Abelmeulrt, 
 
 Cajhum Alexandrinum, 
 
 Ter:{ii or Thcr/n^ 
 
 Acrabata, 
 
 Thebes or Thebe:(, 
 
 Janac or Thanat, 
 
 Gethremmon, 
 
 Afacotl.; 
 
 Ennon, 
 
 Magiddo, 
 
 GaU, 
 
 Jeblan, 
 
 Dor/I, 
 
 C^faria Palejlint, 
 
 Antipatris, 
 
 Efhraim. 
 
 Sarona, 
 
 Lidda or Diofpolis, 
 Helon, 
 
 Hamatha or Arimather., 
 Bethoron, 
 Ga:(er or Gajer/i, 
 Thanma or Thamnathjarit, 
 Hircanium Ctftr. 
 Pharnton, 
 
 Sichem, pofte/t Ne.tpolis iit 
 (si Fliivia C^fatia, 
 
 Jacob's Sepulchre; 
 Mount Gcra:{im, 
 Mount Ebnt, 
 Sitmariti, Capital, fl^f 
 
 Sebnfte, 
 Jechman, ' "J ' 
 
 Tapbna, ^ ' 
 
 Doeh or Dagon] ';',■ " 
 Gethremmon, 
 Naioth, 
 
 Machmas poftei Bjra, 
 i'ih or Shilo. 
 
 Ofld. 
 
 Mahtmaim, 
 
 Penuel or Phanuel, 
 
 Succoth, 
 
 Maffha or Mi:(Vetb, 
 
 l{abbtt or l{ihtotb, fojlea 
 
 Philadelphia, 
 Hamoth Gilead, 
 Hogelim, 
 Thesbe, 
 Mageth, 
 Arnon, 
 
 Jar{er or Jahfor, 
 Aroer, 
 Diboti, 
 Betb-haram. 
 
 Vaiky of Tcphet] 
 Bethany Village, 
 
 Jiidab. 
 
 Libntt, 
 
 Maced* or Makffeda, 
 
 A^cchn, 
 
 Bethfur or Bith-fora, 
 
 Emniis, fojlea Nicopolis, 
 
 Bc;icl(, 
 
 Bethelem, 
 
 Tliecu/i or Tecoa, 
 
 \oar, Tfohor, at Segor, 
 
 Enga'Idi, 
 
 Odallit, 
 
 Ks'l" or CciU, 
 
 Hebron, 
 
 Jetber, 
 
 Jeremotb, 
 
 Tapbna, 
 
 I^irjath-jearim, 
 
 Jcjrael, 
 
 Maon, 
 
 HoUn or Olon, 
 
 Go:{en, 
 
 Gelo, 
 
 CfibJacI, 
 
 Hafor or Chntfir, 
 
 Maffada. 
 
 ^fliben. 
 
 Pijgah Mount, 
 
 N;ra Mount, 
 
 Pbofgor Mount, 
 
 Hejhbon or Etbon, 
 
 Jafa, 
 
 Bamotb-Baal, 
 
 Beth-pbogor, 
 
 Medaba, 
 
 Mephnt, 
 
 Abila, 
 
 Edam or Adam, 
 
 Setbim or Sitim, 
 
 Bethabara, 
 
 Livias, 
 
 Atachrrus 
 
 Bojor or Bo^^a, 
 
 tcj^ sr Lafiir, poftek Cal- 
 
 Hrboe, 
 l^edemotb or Jethfon. 
 
 Benjamin. 
 
 Nebo or Nob. 
 Gibeon or Gnbeon, 
 Gibeab or Gabaa, 
 Bethel, 
 Hai or Ai, 
 Gilgalot Galgaltt, 
 Annthtth, 
 Jericho, 
 
 JE^VSALF.M, 
 Mount Olivet, 
 Vi\ky oi Jehofaphat, 
 Cetbjamane Village, 
 Mount Gihon. 
 VaUey of ^apkaim, 
 
 Philijiin/l, 
 
 Cath, 
 
 Acaronl 
 
 A^^otus or Ajhdod, 
 
 Afcalon, 
 
 Ga7(a, 
 
 Majuma. 
 
 Dan. 
 
 Joppa hodie Jaffa, 
 
 Jamina, 
 
 Cafphni, 
 
 Tb/imna, 
 
 Bethfemes, 
 
 Ajalon, 
 
 Lacbis, 
 
 Modin, 
 
 Eltece, 
 
 Lehi, 
 
 Gibbethon, 
 
 Saara or ^om', 
 
 Pons JEthiopis, 
 
 Nehel-EJhcol. 
 
 Simeon. 
 
 ^igfag or Siceley, 
 
 Haiti or Aen, 
 
 Harma, 
 
 Dahir, olim KjrjiA' 
 
 Sepber, 
 Gc:(ar or Ge^am, 
 Beerfheba, 
 Anthedon, 
 Rjjineforurar 
 
 Thui 
 
'JTJ*h' 
 
 Trihof Napchali. of J U D iE A. 
 
 Thus havin;; fee forth the limits of tlie feveral 
 jpartitions ot" this Country, and given you a view 
 of the wliolc in one Table ; we ffiall now proceed 
 to the particular dcfcriptions of every part, and the 
 chief Towns feared therein. To continue our tra- 
 velling MtthoLl, we (hall decline Priority of Dig- 
 nity, ami begin with the North patt, which au- 
 joins' tn i>M/i whence we lafl carte, and pal's on 
 Southward on both fides of JouUn. 
 
 Gn'.ik-c therefore firft prefents, and therein the 
 Tribes of j'iflicr, \iptlutii, \fhulonj and llffxhar. 
 A Country uf great Fertility except in the Northern 
 part, affording excellent Fruits with little Cultiva- 
 tion, and ill iti flourifhiog State Full of Towns and 
 Villages j fo cxtreanily Populous, that Jofephui tells 
 MS, the lead contained 15000 Inhabitants, but there 
 is room to doubt that either the Tranfcribcr his 
 err'd, or that he ipolce hyperbolically. Certain it is, 
 that CiiHlee was a rich and populous Country, the 
 People of a Warlike difpofition, and ftridt Zeal in 
 the Jfttifli Religion. 
 The Tribe of j4 5IIEI{ had their Seat on the 
 
 Coaft of the MtJltetrMenii-Sca, from the Territories 
 
 rf .'^i./i.'H on the North, to A,on or Ptolemnis on the 
 
 .South, near 50 Miles in length ; and from the Sea- 
 
 Coaft ( the Territories of 'iy>e, S.Jon and I'tolcmnis 
 
 excepted, ) half way to Jo-dnn, which was about 
 
 20 Miles in breadth ; a Land of great Fertility in 
 
 Wine, Oil, Corn and Balms. In the North Trad 
 
 lay the Land M.ifpij.i, and tlHt nf Cabul near the 
 
 Tpinn Wountains, where flood the lo Cities given 
 
 to Dm J by lliram King of Tyre. And in the South 
 
 part the Valley of /Ijje, ot fnt-l/'nltey, fo named for 
 
 its exceeding Fertility ; fincc call'd the Vally of 
 
 St. George, from a Cattle in it dedicated to that Saint. 
 
 The chief Cities of the Tribe of Afhrr were, Kl- 
 
 kitk or AlliAth, a City of the l.evitei fcated on the 
 
 Northern limits. Canit ( called Cum the greater, 
 
 to diftingiiiih it from a leffcr more Southward) feated 
 
 near the River l-/-:uthcritis. ^ob but a few Miles 
 
 (iirtaiit from the fame River, a City of good note, 
 
 bclimging to the LcJtes. GnhaU, feated more 
 
 Southward, rebuilt by Herod. Aphel(, memorable 
 
 for the llaughter of the Syrinni, ly the //» i^clitci un- 
 
 i!et Ah.ii, of whom 1 00000 fell in Battle and 
 
 17000 by the fall of a Wall, 1 K'«?J 2.'^. -9. 30. 
 
 W/TCT, a City of the Lnites, flood fix Miles South- 
 weft from /t/i/f^. (Jlhr.l.t, about the fame diftaiice 
 
 to the South caiV, a City of great Strength, burnt 
 
 by the Tiirs at the time of the Siege of Jcnijnkm, 
 
 rebuilt bv Jojcpi'us then Governor of Gii/i7fc, and af- 
 terwards fiirrendred to the l{pm,t'is. Ctibul or Ch.ilio/, 
 
 on the Frontiers uf N.;/"/j.j//. Abdon a City of the 
 
 Lniici. Hcthmctl' and hethdr.gon, both feated on 
 
 the Frontiers of X^.tbiilofi j and "Wr/jf/ a City of the 
 
 l.niifi, fcated near the Sea-Coafts, the furthcft 
 
 Place South of this Tribe ; were all rich and po- 
 pulous Cities. /Ion Qt I'tolemiii.', which lay on the 
 
 Coaft of this Tribe, we have fpoken of already in 
 
 eur Account of l>ha<iiiij. 
 Next to Ajtjf-r the Tribe of .V // f T H W /- T, had 
 
 their Seat aloiij^ the Wcfteni Shoar of Jordan, from 
 
 Mount I.ibtiniii down to thL- Sea of Gtililec, or Lake 
 
 of Gtnn/ijmtl; havini^ the Tribe of ylfher for itS 
 
 Weftern Boiuids. The Soil and Climate here was 
 
 thefainewiththat ot ,7//w, which we told you was 
 
 Weeding Fertile. 
 In the North pan of this Country, the two 
 
 Springs Jor and Dnn have thcit rife, which after a 
 
 "ion conrfe uniting, compofc the K\ki Jordim. 
 
 21 
 
 Near the union of the Hvo Streams, lay a little 
 Trad of Land belonging to the Tribe of linn, who 
 conquer'd Li/bcm as we are told, Jofk. 1 9,47. to which 
 Town they gave the Name of Onn, which being the 
 extream North part of the Land of (/rdc/ gave bccalion 
 to the faying. From Dan to Be:Jhela, to expriefs the 
 whole extent of Jiidxa ; it was remarkable for the 
 Golden Calf erefled in it by King Jerobcim.hihe int- 
 ter Days when taken by the /(o)ncw/, it was by them 
 named Pana;as, and being given to Herod, his Sori 
 Philip re-edified it, and gave it the Name of Ctcfa- 
 rla Philiffi. The Woman who was cured of the 
 Flux by the touch of our Saviour's Garment was ot 
 this Town, and in memory of it crcded his Statue, 
 with her own hudeling before him, which tlood till 
 Juti^;n the Apodate defttoyed it. In ths ChijUau 
 times it was a Bilhop's Sec, and for oughtappcars, 
 ftill retains the Dignity. Near this City between the 
 two Spring-heads, (tood a funiptuous Temple, buill 
 inhoi.jur oi Augu(iui Crfar, J'he Regions ot lic- 
 rim, Arbclis and F.rtiat!', Jay within the limits 
 of this Tribe; as did alfo tl.o City ll-Uvpolis now 
 Bnlbec, mentioned in our Account of Si>i,i, but 
 never fubjcfted to them. The tliiet Cities of iV.i/- 
 rh.ili were, 
 
 ■^IJJ'edim near Mount lJb.i>iiit. I'.math or II,>»ir.th^ 
 fituate near the Spring-head of I'.kuthcrius River a 
 Place of Strength, and reckoii'd the tiitrince or 
 Gate of Judc.t. Kum.'i. 34. J<]. 13. ',,i'Tc. Ani'th- 
 don, Scr, and Carinthaim, Cities of the Lcvitei. 
 {{ehlatii a noted City near the Fountain of Daphnii, 
 and the Lake Moron. Arofeth, at the South-end of 
 the Lake, called Harofcth of the Gentiles, (Jtid^. 
 4.) the City of Sifer<t. /Ifor or Hafor the Regal 
 City of the Cr.nnamtes, where 14 of their Kings 
 came out againtt Jofhiia, and particularly the Seat 
 of King Jnbin, who lo Years afflided IJrae/, and 
 was at laft overcome by Deborah and Barak., jtid. 4, 
 Not above a Mile or two from it, flood the Tent 
 of Hebcr the Ketiite, where Jaci !lew Si/em, Jud. 4. 
 Mi-.fcaioth fcated more to the Haft, was a ifrong 
 Town mentioned in the hlr::cr.b.t.i>i War. Arbcis 
 not far from it, the Capital of a Territory. Mag- 
 dadel, a tlrong Place fcated a few Miles more to 
 the South. l\tdeJh-\/:prhali, Seated on a high Hill, 
 a Regal Scat of the C.ri.ijiiirei, conquer'd by lofhiin 
 and made a City of Refuge, and given to the l-f- 
 ; ites J it was the Birth-place of ii ir.it;, and one of 
 the ten Cities of D.capi'hi under the fi^mam. Sephet 
 another of the Decapolii, feated alfo on a Hill, a 
 Place of almoll impregnable Strength. Betl^Jetneth.^ 
 on the Weftern Frontiers mention 'd, Joj'. 19. 38. 
 Cartlan, a City cf the leiiios, flood in the Mid- 
 way Lietwccn Kjtdis and Ccphct. Hamoti, another 
 (.'ify of the I. elites flood more to the Welt. Be- 
 tween Caiiimn and the Sea of CalUce, and near it 
 flands the Mount called Mons Chrifti, where our 
 Saviour often reforted and there eleded his Ajnoftles. 
 Cttpharnaumov Capernaum, flood on the River Jordan^ 
 where it falls into the Sea oi Galilee : It was the Me- 
 tropolis of G4/i7ci;in our Saviour's time, and a City of 
 Opulcncy and Trade, often mentioned by the Evangc- 
 lilts, on account of our Lord's frequenting it, but fiow 
 a poor Fillicr Town only. Several other Cities {lood 
 in this Territory but Icfsconfidcrable. 
 
 Croffing the River Jordan, vveenttr the Territory 
 of Half the Tribe of MAN ASSES. Thefe m 
 we have faid, delircd their Portion after the Con- 
 qucft of Ov, and before they paflfcd the River, ac- 
 cordingly their Land lay between the Dclkrt of * 
 
 
 E I 
 
 rthid 
 
 Thu» 
 
28 
 
 Of the Ancient State Tribe ofZ^dhxAon. 
 
 Tribe 
 
 '..i/rt on the Eaft, from uhkh it was ;jaiceJ by 
 Mounts Ucrmm and Mount Gileud, a'.a the River 
 Jord.tn on the Weft, Mount Herimn and the Coun- 
 try of DiiHinjaii on the Eaft, and Southward it ej- 
 tcnJcd to tlic Brcck Jehcc or near it, Tvhere began 
 the Territory of O.ir/, compichendine the Tcirito^ies 
 of (lilead and BatuhU, or the Kingdom of Bujlmn. 
 Or as it was afterwards termed by tb Upmnns, (Jau- 
 ion.tu, I'latuomtii, BitlAHcn, and ^ vanitii. It was 
 the ancient Habitation of the Hivlta and the Gei- 
 gejl^itei. And afterwards of a Gigantick Race of 
 Men, whence it Avas call'd the Land of [{aphnim or 
 (liiiits. The Soil of the middle part was fruitful 
 and afforded excellent Pafture, which fed numerous 
 Herds of Fat Oxen, but the Skirts Barren and ill 
 inhabited. The whole extent from North to South 
 ivas about 70 Miles, but its breadth «»t an- 
 fwcrable being hardly 20 Miles. The chief Towns 
 were 
 
 On the cxtrcam North Part Rood Selfcfu, at the 
 foot of the Mci.iitains, the North Boundary of Ba- 
 Ihr.ii. Il(/hi-, .I City of the Levitts, and afterwards 
 a Bilhoprkk, ftood more to the Eaft on the Fron- 
 tiers of the Defarr, and was a ftrong Fortified Town. 
 Ar^oh, tlic Capital of a Territory of the fame Name. 
 Aumn or C/tman mentioned l'.-{ekiet 47. whence the 
 Country about it was named Aumniiis. Gtjjuf, the 
 C'jpiial of a large Region, fpokenof by Mcja as 
 the North Bor.nd of this Tribe, Dcut.ji^. .yUch-iti, fnp- 
 po/t;d tobethc Mnncha mentioned i C/.r. 19. 6. Geijon, 
 ill the nud-way between the laft mentioned. Allthcfe 
 pclfelTcd by Foreigners. Ajlaroth, a large Town of 
 the Lcvitcs, the Seat of the R^plmnu or Giants in 
 ancient times, from whom Oji, dcfcended, Adrr.ci, 
 ftated on a Hill more to the Eaft, gave name to a 
 Bilhoprick in the Chrijtian times. Gaulon, a City 
 of the Levitei and of H^ftige, a fair City, and by the 
 fipm/ins, made the Capital of a Country to which it 
 gave Name. The Tents of K<"it> often mentioned 
 in Scripture, ftood at a little diftance from this 
 Town to the Weil, in very fruitful and pleafant 
 Fields, wherein a Fair was held at certain times. 
 ^iictn a noted Town, flood more to the Weft near 
 tlie River Jor,iiti. Cnmala, a Town and Caftle 
 feated on a 1 lill like a Camel's back, gave Name 
 to a neiglibouiing Country. AC?'/'", a neat Town 
 feated on a Hill. PJrai, the Regal Seat of Og 
 King of Bttlhr.ii. GaUnd or Giletd, near the Moun- 
 tains to which it gave Name, the Birth-place of 
 Jeptljx. PcUii, a Town of more modern date, being 
 built by Sdruciis Nicr.noi King of Syria, and deftroy- 
 ed by jjlex/inderjamimm King of the Jfw/, reftored 
 by I'ompei, and retired to by the ChrijUf.nt of Jrru- 
 I'atfm, as commanded by a Vow from Heaven, 
 to avoid the Deftrudlion coming upon that City. 
 ytbelti or Abel-beth-mancha, a few Miles from it to 
 the South, where Shtbt the Rebel being retired, 
 the Citizens beheaded him, and threw it over the 
 Wall to Joiil for Peace, l Sam. 10. Jnbelh-Giltad, 
 feated on a Hill near the Mountains of Gittad, men- 
 tioned in Scripture f jt the Siege of it by the Ammo- 
 nitci raifed by SmiI, and the Gratitude of the Men 
 of that Town, in fetching the Bodies of ^aul and 
 his Sons from Btthfitn ( where they were expofed by 
 the PhiliJUn-s) and burying them. On the Coaft 
 of Jordm and the Lake flood Corn\im, at the mouth 
 of Jordan into the J akc, famous for the Miracles 
 wrought in It by ourSav jur. Juiias, built by X'/ii- 
 lip the Tetrach, and named in Honour of Julia tlie 
 Wife tf Tibm.<,. The Defait of BethJMi, ( altho' 
 
 the Town which gave name to it ftood on the other 
 fide of the Lake ) lay near this Town ; where our 
 Saviour fed ; 000 with the five Barley Loaves and twr> 
 fmall Fifhes. A little mote to the South Hands G>. 
 laf.t or Geigtft upon a high Hill, where our Saviour 
 cading oun ihc Devil, permitted him to enter into 
 the Swine : This was the chief City of the Gerg(. 
 (kites. Hippos, the Station of a Garrifon of Horl'c 
 placed there by Herod. Efhrm a fttong City. 
 
 Returning crofs tlw River Jordan, we enter the 
 lower Galilee, wherein lay the Territories of the h ibti 
 of \abulon and IJJ'.nhar. 
 
 The Tribe of :^ABVLON lay between .ijh.-r 
 and Uapthali on the North, and IJJ'nchai on the 
 South, the Mcdltcrritncan-i>en on the Well, and the 
 Sea of Galilee on the Eaft. A fruitful and populous 
 Country, whofe chief Cities were, 
 
 BethJ.iida, (ituatc on the Sea of Gr.UU- or I akc 
 of Germaf,iieth in a fmall Itland, was one of the ten 
 Cities of Deeapclis, the Binh-place of the Apoftlts 
 I'e.'er, ylndrevf and I'ljilip : And renowned for the 
 Miracles wrought by our Saviour in it. The adja- 
 cent Country bore the Name of the Land of G.'«r- 
 j'ar or Gei.t.rjercth, and was very fruitful. Migdi- 
 lion on the fame Sea Shoar, a little diftant on the 
 South, was a ftrong Fortrefs. Jetapatn, fituate near 
 the lame Shoar, was alfo a very ftrong Hold t'ouiideJ 
 on a Rock acccifible but on one fide, notable for the 
 Defence made in it by Jofephus the Hiftorian agaiiill 
 the l{pmaiis, who at laft took it and him Prifoiiei 
 Jopha, another itrong Fortrefs ftood a few Miles otf 
 to the Weft. Tiberias built by Herod, where formerly 
 ftood '''c Town Cenncreth, and by him named T)«- 
 riai ill rlonour of Tiberius deftr : It was a large and 
 noble City adorned with an Accademy, feated on 
 the Coaft of the Sea of Galilee, which from 
 this City was named the Lake or Sea of Tibe- 
 rias; 'lis not improbable too, that the other name 
 of Gennaferetii, by which this Lake was called, had 
 it^ origine from the old name of this Place : In this 
 City our Saviour called St. lAatthen, and near it he 
 raifed the Daughter of Jr.>us. Cartha, a City ot 
 the Leviees, ftood about eight Miles Weft from Ti- 
 berias. Bethulia, i o Miles to the North of Cartht, 
 was a very ftrong Town feated on a high Hill, men- 
 tion'd in the Story of Judith and Molofemii. 
 Hfmnoii, a City of the Leviees ftood a few Miles 
 Weft from Bethjaida. Dothaim or Dothanfl. populous 
 Town notable for its Plenty of Vineyards Figs aiid 
 Olives J it was the Place where Jojeph found his 
 Brethren feeding their Flocks, when they fold him 
 into Algyft. Datnna, fcven or eight Miles to the 
 Weft was a City of the Levitcs. A few Miles off 
 ftood Semeron, a Potent and Royal City. T.jK.-, a 
 City of the Levitts, ftands near the Mount of that 
 Name, famous for the Transtiguration of our Lord 
 upon it i in memory whereof, the Emprefs Helinn 
 built a fiimptuous thai. '' *' 'he top, lays Mr. Sitt- 
 dys, but Mr. Manderil takes no notice of^ that Cha- 
 pel. It is a very fteep high Mountain, befct with 
 Olive-Trees, Vines, and other Fnutj, with a fiat 
 Oval Area at top» of two Furlongs long and one 
 broad, of moft fertile and delicious Soil, furroundtd 
 with "Trees ; from which yon have a vie-.v of Mount 
 Hermon and Gilbon, the Valleys of Efdraelon and Je^- 
 rael ; the Towns of NJ:{areth, Nairn, Endor, L,c. 
 At the foot of this Mountain runs the Brook Ki/'"' 
 ^Manderil.'] S^ffa or Sephoris, a City of the Levitt:, 
 the habitation of Joachim and Anna the Patents ol 
 the BlelTed Virgin ; was a wcijthv, large, and well 
 
 fortified 
 
Endor, L'C- 
 
 Jrook KH'"' 
 
 the LtvUr. 
 
 and well 
 fonltied 
 
 Triicaf Iffachan 0/ J U D ^ A. 
 
 ?^ 
 
 fortified Town, wallcil by I lend and made the Me- 
 tropolis of the lower Galilee ; Uiidcr the Vurt^i it 
 has been the Seat of a Sangiack. Nn^/irethwis a iicac 
 Town leated upon a Hill' live or fix Miles from the 
 Brook Chijon. Where tlic Bleflid Virpin lived, and 
 where our Saviour was Conceived and h'ducftted, 
 arid fpen: agreat part of his Life, whence he and his 
 Dilciples were called Na^^uritcs : The Chamber 
 wherein the Virgin received the Annunciation, was 
 removed hence by Angels ( according to the i{t>mi/}} 
 Legends) and is now ihewn at tc-ffo in the King- 
 dom of Siiples. C'<!i;4 called Cnna of GaliJee, anil 
 CniiA-minor, memorable for the Miracle of our Sa- 
 viour, in turnijig Water into Wine at the Marriage 
 there ; it was fcated on the Brook Juptacl, Jesomm, 
 the Seat of a Cananrnti'/h King flain by Jofhua, and 
 the City giveij to the Lcvita, it ttood on the 
 Brook Chijon. \ttbulon, near it was a Irately City 
 iijl burnt by the [{omiui- Siatmimm, otherwife 
 called EpI'J", was a Pore Town feated on the JHeJi- 
 
 nmtncaii-'ieit. 
 
 The Territory of the Tribe of ISSACH^II{, 
 had for its Northern Bounds the Brook Chifon^ which 
 divided it from :^4>ukn, the half Tribe of MttmJJei 
 wi the Sonih, the .yiedltenanetin-Sea on the Weft, 
 and the River Jord.tn on the Eaft. The Ijnd w»s 
 reafonably ftiiitful, Init the Cities of it not fo nume- 
 rous as in the other parts of Gnlilee. Within the 
 limits above mentioned, ftood the Mounts Carmd 
 and GiV/'OJ. 
 
 CMtnci, was a high Mountain feated in a neck of 
 Und, between the mouth of the Biook Chifon and the 
 Mt.litcrninean-Sc/i, in the extteam North part of this 
 Province happy in a fruitful Soil cover'd withGroves 
 of Olive-Trecs, Vines, and divers other Fruit- 
 Trecs, as alfo fragrant Herbs and Flowers: FaiQous 
 on account of the Habitation of the Prophet Elijah 
 on it, and for the Order of Carmelite Monks, infti- 
 tuted in Honour of him as we have already elfewhere 
 told you. And adjoyningto it lay the Land of Naid. 
 
 TheMouiiuinsofG'i//'ii<J was a continued Ridge, 
 beginning at the Town of Je-{ri:el, and tunning a- 
 long the Southern bounds of this Tribe, and mto 
 that of AtannJJ'es F.aft ward to the River Jorditr. Up- 
 on this Mountain King Siiul and his Sons were killed 
 by the Hiliftine!. 
 
 Within the limits of this Tribe lay the Valley of 
 Jttjttl, remarkable for fevcral Battles fought in it : 
 As alfo the Field of Mugiddo, otherwife called the 
 PUin cf Galilee, and now named the Plain of Sah/t 
 from a Caftle near it : notable for its fertility in 
 Corn, Wine and Oil. The chief Cities of the Tribe 
 oUJfnchar were, 
 
 Tarichx/:, on the Bank of the Lake about eight 
 Miles South from Viler im, a place of great Strength 
 and notable for its rcfiftance againft Vejpttjiati. 
 Cifim, a City of the l.evitei, fcated on the 
 itookChifo. (if.tchar, feated on the mid- way be- 
 tween Cejlon and the Lake. Hamoth, a City of 
 Lnitti, ten Miles South from Jffachar, ftands on a 
 HiU which is the beginning of the Mountains of 
 Gi7to«. Engannim, a few Miles more Eaft, another 
 City of Lelites. Ddereth, on the Brook Chijcn, 
 alfo a City of Levites and a City of Refuge, ^at- 
 M, a few Miles diftant on the South-eatt. Cedes, 
 a City of Ltvitet. Je-^ntd, the Regal Seat of King 
 ^W, feated on the Welt foot or Mount Gilboa, 
 neat the Frontiers of MArmffei, and by Adrichomim 
 placed to that Tribe ; where Naboth was (toned, 
 and Jt\ahrl thrown out at Window, and h« Cat- 
 
 kal's eaten by Dogs : it gave nams to the neighbour- 
 ing 'Plains, wherein many Battles were fought. 
 Adjoynin^ to the City on the North-eaft fide, hv 
 the Vineyard of Nahotb. ytfUc, a RoyalCity ftood 
 fix Miles NtKth-weft from Jt^ratl; Etihnddti, near 
 the Mount Gilbai, where Saul being overcome by 
 the I'liiliJIinei flew himfelf. Sana, Shuun or Shiincnk, 
 where Elijtli fojourned with the Widow, and 
 wrought the Miracles of iiKrealing her Oil, and re- 
 Itoring her Son to Lite. Endor, near the Brook Chi- 
 fin, notable for Saul's confuUing the Witch there, 
 and for Giieon'% Vifilory over the Midianitei fuppof- 
 ed from i'/j/. 83. to. 10 have been neat it. NAim, 
 feated alfo near Chijon River fix or fcven Miles more 
 to the Weft, at the Gate whereof our Lord reftored 
 the Widow's Son to Life, hethfhem^jh, feated at e- 
 qual diflance from Je^rael and Endor, and towards 
 the foot of Mount C<»)wf/. Hjdrekn, neat tlieFron- 
 tierof Munajfes, in a fpacious Plain to which it gave 
 Name. On the Sea-Coaft about feven or eight Miles 
 Weft from Bethfljemcfh ftood the Ctjhum i'ojijnW- 
 rum, built in the ChiijUan times for the fecurity of 
 Travellers to the Holy Land. 
 
 We have now Travelled through GALILEE, 
 and (hall proceed to S AM AR^l A, or the Territo- 
 ries of the two Tribes of M-iimJJ'ci and i'.tihr.ti»:. A 
 Country of variable Soil, but generally Fruitful, 
 Rich, and Populous. 
 
 The Inhabitants were the Pofterity of the Afly- 
 rinns fent hither by Si/miWdi^-ir, whenhe had carried 
 away the Ifaelites into Captivity, who being Idola- 
 ters, were devoured by Lions lent among them by 
 God ; to avoid which Plague, they begg'd of S.i/^ 
 mana\ar ioi Priefts to inftrudt them in the true Re. 
 ligion, who were accordingly fent as is declared ai 
 large in the 17. Chap, of id. Book of Kiw;;/. But 
 altho' they were at laft brought to the Worlhip of the 
 true God, yetthcy always maintained a Schifin, and 
 would not BO up to Jerufalem to worlhip as the Law 
 commanded. And therefore built a Temple of their 
 own at Mou'lt Gerai^itn near Samaria, which tho" de- 
 ftroyed by the Maccabees, they continued their 
 Schifm ; for this rcafon hated by the Jews, and as 
 we find in the Gofpc! at our Saviour's time clleemed 
 an abominable People, with whom they would hold 
 no convcrfe, John 4. 9. As on the other handj fo 
 neither would a Samaritan come near a Jew, or it 
 he had, efteemed himfelf defiled. 
 
 The Land of the Half Tribe of MAN ASSES was 
 the North part of Samaria, ftretched out from the 
 River Jordan in the Eaft, to the Mediterranean-Sea 
 on the Weft ; having the Tribe of Ephraim on the 
 South. The Countrey was pleafant to the fight by 
 reafon of the admirable variety of the Plains, Moun- 
 tains, Hills, Valleys and Springs, befides the fertili- . 
 ty of the Soil, and the great number of Inhabitants 
 and ftately Cities. Of thefe the Chief were, 
 
 Bethfati, feated on the River Jordr.u in a little 
 skirt of Land, which run into the Tribe of IJJhehar. 
 Irs Name implied the Houfe of an Enemy, given it by 
 the Children of Manajjts, becaufe they couid nerer 
 drive the Natives out of it ; in later Days taken and 
 rebuilt by the Scythians, and therefore named Scytho- 
 fc/it by the Greekj : Memorable under the name of 
 Bithfan, for the dead Bodies of Saul and Jonathan 
 hanged on its Walls ; and under the Name of Scjtho- 
 folis, for being one of the ten Cities of Decapolis, 
 and afterwards the See of a Chrijlian Archbifliop. 
 In its flourifhing State a noble City, as the many 
 Maible Ruins Aill icmaining teitifie. Saltm, near 
 
 'i i K 
 
 •.i lit 
 
 fM 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 rM 
 
 n 
 
 1! "(.I'. 
 
 1/ 
 
 't:mr 
 
 
 M ■: tff f*iffefll 
 
 m 
 
II 
 
 the Banks ot'Jorinii, in tlie Korth-eaft cornet of this 
 Province, fuppofcd to have been the fame that was 
 the Royal-Seat of A Wf/ny/./fc.^. Anti\, a City 0f the 
 Levites. Bt:(et^ near Jorrinn, feven Miles Eaft from 
 j^ner was the City of Adoiii-Bc:{eky who bting con- 
 cjuercil by the IJraeliter, had his Thumbs and gieai 
 Toes cut off, as he had ferved 70 Kings before, 
 JuJ. I . Abcimculit, a noted Town ftood more to 
 the South, as did C.ijhum /llexitndrium of more mo- 
 dern Strutfture, being built by Alc.x,tn,iir the Son of 
 W.;, u!us againft the Homnvi. lifhra. Hill more 
 South and iiear the Banks of Jordan, in whu h G»- 
 Wmn dwelr. 'l'tr:^n or Trcrjj, the Royal Seat of 
 Iftrtcl before the building of SAtnatU. Acciabaia, 
 the Capital of a Territory, which was aftetwaids 
 made a I'd, a cly. TMet or Thelie:(, a Town of 
 Rood note where Abimelech Was knock'donthc Head, 
 by a Milrtone thrown by a Woman as he befieged 
 the Tower thereof, ]ud. 9, 50. lai.acot 'I'hanac, 
 a large and potent City in the Frontiers of IJfad''- 
 Vcihii-mmen a City of l.evitii^ as was alfo iMMoth 
 near it. A little diHant from Gethtcmnuti, flood the 
 Mountain and Cave where OlaJiih the Steward rf 
 .//.'.I.', liidilic hundred Prophets from Je;(^abeis fury, 
 I K/A?. 1 8. Ennon »vhere St. John Baptiz d the 
 People. Mr^iddo, a noble City near which King 
 fnji.tli was wounded in his Battle againtt I'hinnoh 
 Sicijo, r Cbr. i6. 21. It gave name to»he Valley 
 of Mnid.li already mentioned in IjJMitr. C;ii!gal, 
 the royal City of z Prince llain by Jcfhuab. JfbUn 
 a ftrong Portrefs. And Ktrbkta, which gave name 
 to a Topnichate, ftood in a triangle with Mitgiddo. 
 On ihe Sea-Coaft were fcated, lion a ftrong and 
 powerful City, feizcd by 'I'ryphou after the Muitber 
 of Jonathan Maccabsui, who was there befieged by 
 the King of A>)/.r, taken and flain. Ctfare.i Pdc- 
 fiim, anciently the Tower of Straton a King of the 
 Ssdaninns, ftood a few Miles from liora to the .Southj 
 re-cditied by Uerod, and made a llately and fump- 
 tiious Place, as defcribed by JiJ_-ph:r, lib. i-;. i-. 13. 
 Iwas here St. PtnJ appear d before i\jl, s, and 'twas 
 here tlia: ll'rod /ij^'lppa was linitten by (iod and de- 
 voured ot Worms for his .Arrogance. This was for 
 foine time the Ho^ii-.u Metropolis of I'ahjiiiic. An- 
 rJpnt'i;, bi'ilt by Hetod in the Place wliere ftood the 
 ancient dpi aija!i:wi:, near to which Jiid.n Muccab.ciii 
 overthrew .\/V.;)iu)'s .'Xnuy ; it was eiicompafled with 
 aCiroie, and a very fine Champion, reckoned the 
 richcit fpot of ground in all I'l-Ajiinc 
 
 The Territory of the Tribe of El'IIIiAIM 
 took lip the Sduth of ■''AMAI{I.I, and adjoined 
 to that of the half Tribe of M.dk^JJ'cs wc came laft 
 from, extending as that does, from the River Joi- 
 dr.H to ihc Mcditina7i:ii>-'<.:i, and bounded on the 
 South by the Tribe of B.nj.nnin^ and a fmall part 
 of the Tribe of D.in. The Country is Mountanous 
 but the Soil however, Fat and Luxuriant. The 
 chief Cities here were, 
 
 S.noiin, a Royal City conquer'd by JufMia, featcd 
 on a Hill I o Miles South-weft from Aiitipntris, 
 and about as far from the Sea Shore ; the adjacent 
 Valley to which it gave Name, was a moft fruitful 
 Land. Jdddn, about 1 5 Miles South from Snrona, 
 where St i'etn tur'd ^iinavi of a Pallic, ^d. 9. 35. 
 It was by the Gentiles called Diifpoln, and by the 
 CiitijH.uis in the Holy War, denominated from 
 St. George by reafon of a fplcndid Temple built 
 thereby 7"/''"""' «" honour of that Saint, and from 
 an Opinion that he was Martyr'd there ; it was a 
 • Bifliop's See. lldmi, a few Miles from J4.1 c«.t and 
 
 Of the Ancient State 7r/^(? 0/ Ephraini I fri^, 
 
 H4»ii:ti.i, ,is little diftant from tiJ./rt were Cities 0: 
 Levitri; tlie lattcf is fuppofed to have been other- 
 wife calld AiamMlo, and fo the City of J^mh 
 who buried our Lord, licthoion, another City of 
 Lei'iKs, ftood on a high Hill more to the North, 
 beautihed by io/owiow, and notable for the Defeat of 
 LyjJM by J;id.i> AfiiKcab.tus. Ca^cr oi Cijan, alfo a 
 City of /.c 11 Iff/ ftood near the South Borders. 
 Thamiin or Thiit/iHJf'^iti lo Miles F.a(l from G.irt;, 
 Jo/hua's Patrimony, and given by him to the 
 Ifrteliies, where he was Bur'ed, it afterwards gave 
 name to a Jurifdidlon called the Top/in hiaThiimd- 
 tic/:. A few Miles mote to the Nortii, ftooj the 
 /^rong Caftlc ///icrtwww;. l'l;.iijto», feared on Mi&unt 
 Amaleino the North-weft of //;uv<7nj/»', theCitycl 
 Ah.ion Judge of Ifr.ul. Siehcm, i o Miles baft from 
 Hyrttinum, othcrwife called Skhr.r, ftood in a Valley 
 betvyeen Mount (.Vm^/w on the South, and Mount 
 El.xl on the North at thi, foot of the former, the 
 City of Siehcm the Father of ll.iincr, who deflauicJ 
 Dinah the Daughter of Jr.cob, feverai times ruined 
 and rebuilt ; and in our Saviour's time in good 
 eftate, honoured with his Prefence, where he con- 
 verted many ; it was a City ot Refuge given to the 
 Levitts, and near it ftood the Well of Jacob, and 
 the Sepulchre of Jofeph-. in its latter State itwasby 
 the Gr.tcians nam'd S'eapolis, and by the Empcrot 
 VeJ'faJian, who placed a Colony there. Flanin (.'</,<- 
 "4, i: is now called Xa/i/f/i, andisitill the chid" 
 City in theft Parts and the Seat of a Sanpiack ; but 
 however in poor condition as we have already fajd 
 in our account of Modern Jiidea; Near this City 
 towards Samaria ftood Mount i;cra:{im, where by 
 the Law, Deut. u. z<). the Bleffings were to L\; 
 read, as on the contrary, at Mount /•;i'4/ over againil 
 .t the Curies. On Gcra:(i>n the Samariitn Temple 
 was b'lilt by Sanballat one of their Princes, whj 
 ruled at the fame time that 'Schcmiah rebuilt the 
 Walls of Jeri.falcm ; where they held the Schifma- 
 tical Worlliip, in oppolition to the Temple at Jtru- 
 falcm ; and to this day there is a fuiall Temple 
 whercm the few remains of that ScCt, peiform their 
 Rites at certain times of the Year. 
 
 Sarnaia, The Capital of this Country, and the 
 Seatof the Kings of IJ'a.'l, after Oniri Father of 
 Ahab had built and removed the Court to it from 
 ■iW^4, ftood oil Mount Scmetoii in the borders of 
 Manaffts, a ftatcly and magnificent City before the 
 Ajfyrians deftroved it. Afterwards repaired and de- 
 ftrcyed in the jettillli Wars, re-edified and made 
 more ftately by King //ffoJand named Seiaftc, un- 
 der which name 'tis now known ; the broken Mar- 
 bles and ftatcly Columns ftill feen here, ate tefli- 
 inonies of its then beautiful State, butai prefeni it 
 is in Ruins. This was the Metropolis of the Vtlc- 
 Jiiiia a.cmidit under the !{omaiis, an AtchbilTioprick 
 in Chriflianity, and the burial Place of St Join 
 BaptiJI. . This great City is now wholly converted 
 ' into Gardens, and all the tokens that remain to 
 ' teftifie that there has been fuch a Place, arc only 
 ' on the North (ide a large fquare PiaZza, cncom- 
 ' pafled with Pillars, and on the Eaft fome remains 
 ' of a great Church, faid to have been built by the 
 ' Emprefs Helena, over the Place where St. Jo!:n 
 ' Baptift was beheaded ; in the Body of the Church, 
 ' you go down a Stair-cafe into the very Dungco i 
 ' where the Holy Blood filed was. 1 he Turks hold 
 ' this Dungeon in great Veneration. Mr. Mandml 
 'P.58. 
 
 Jnhm'' 
 
 Jtehmrtn, i 
 tail from Si 
 near JokUh. 
 South- eaft, f 
 which flows 
 tiring, was f 
 called D^gon 1 
 Hill with a 
 Mountain::, 
 where Si-.ul Pi 
 did alfo .>/,rc/>f; 
 Habitation ol 
 Town feated 
 ward, in a Hi 
 farrous on acci 
 nant there ere 
 before the I'hii 
 Having nov 
 iM.iit, we (ha 
 die Territories 
 which took op 
 gate the name 
 Fnta, for that 
 chief Town of 
 ern limit of the 
 fpringing in the 
 ward, and divic 
 and ;urning W 
 ite Lat. 31. 5 c 
 Southern extent 
 tiefe Two Tril 
 of the AMOI{ 
 AMMOXITE 
 teing entirely v; 
 liree declared i 
 Ithfs of Gnd 
 Oleics, and prom 
 Conqucft of the 
 to then. 
 
 The Territory 
 the half Tribe of 
 it was divided b) 
 of Hfukii on thi 
 ''eft, which fer 
 tber half Tribe { 
 of Ephiaim, am 
 mi and Arabia 
 North fo South, 
 comprehended tl 
 Jtnominated froi 
 ! lie Land of Titr, 
 vkte ,hptl!,i dw 
 HoufebyhisBrei 
 fulandpleafant; 
 Towns Were, 
 
 Muhnnniw, on 
 Jake, the Place 
 wasmetbythe . 
 ■liiii, wherefore : 
 TteCmip,^ Gen. 
 11x1 Repute, and 
 ^f"" here fet up 
 KinR againft Dam 
 fjc Rebellion of 
 «ie Place when 
 wlifte a Town 
 /'M, and was f 
 fof we fiud he 
 {'.'"J"', whic 
 ViCtoiious, beai 
 
Trik of Reuben. of J U D ^ A. 
 
 ^t 
 
 Jeclimm, a City of l.tvitcs, flood lo Milts South- 
 taft from Snmmiii. Tf.plmn, a Royal City flood 
 near Jo.Un. A few Miles from this City to the 
 Souih-caft, flands the AJountainsof Uphraim, out of 
 which flows the Brook Cherith, where F.lij.ih ic- 
 tiring, was fed by the Ravens, i K'"g- • ?• Owr/i, 
 called Dj^oh by JoJrpI us, a flrong Fortrels on a ftccp 
 Hill with a delightful Profpedt, ftood near thcfe 
 Mountains. (:( thremmon, zCityol Levitcs. Naiuth, 
 where S/:iil ProphcGcd : both Itood to the South, as 
 did alfo Miclmir.!, now called hytn a large City, the 
 Habitation of Jontith/tn Mticuh. Silo or Shilo, a 
 Town feated on a >cry high Hill ftill more South- 
 ward, in a flip nf Land lurrounded by iicnjnmin ; 
 famous on account of the Tabernacle of the Cove- 
 nant there credied, and the Ark of God kept in it, 
 before the PhiliJUn'-s took it, i Sam. 4. 
 
 Having now TravcH'd through Galilee and Sa- 
 )M../i, we fliall crofs the River Joulan, and view 
 the Territories of the Tribes of Cnd and Reuben, 
 which cook op that Country to which the i^muns 
 gate the name of P E R ^ A. Or rather part of 
 Ptrti, tor that extended Southward to i'ct>,t, the 
 chief Town of yl'ubiit I'erx.t. whereas the South- 
 ern limit of the Iftf.clitcs was the River .Inwn, which 
 fpringing in the A-fountiins of /linon runs South- 
 ward, and divides the Land of l{eiibcii from ArMa, 
 and ■urniiig Weltward, falls into the O^tid-Sei in 
 ihe Lat. 31. 50. an Hundred Miles fhort of the 
 Snmhern extent of !'e>\t.i. That Countrcy which 
 thcfe Two Tribes poflefled, had been the Regions 
 cfihe /iMOIilTES, the MIDUSITES, the 
 AMMOXITES and the MO/lBITES, who 
 being entirely vanquifhed by the Ifmelitej, as is at 
 liree declared in the Book of Numbers, the two 
 Tribes of Gnd and Heuben upon their Requeft to 
 A)e/«, and pronufe of aflifting their Brethren in the 
 Conqueft of the Cnrntanites, had this Land afligned 
 torhen. 
 
 The Territory of the Tribe of G ^ D, lay between 
 the half Tribe of Mia«(i/7"W; on the North, from which 
 it was divided by the River 7"''^' it, and the Tribe 
 of /(rB.'.'H on the South, the River Jordnn on the 
 Weft, which feparatcd it from the Lands of the 0- 
 thcrhalf Tribe of MamJJ'es, and thcfe of the Tribe 
 of Efbiaim, and on the Eaft the Mountains of /li- 
 mn and /Irabia j in extent about 40 Miles from 
 North to South, and 25 from Eaft to Weft. This 
 comprehended the bcft part of the Land of Gilend, 
 denominated from the neighbouring Mountains ; and 
 the Land of Jinb or T./", fubjeiiV to the Ammmitcf, 
 where icphu dwelt when thruft out of his Fathers 
 Houfc by his Brethren, Jud. 1 1 . T'hu Soil was fruit- 
 ful and pleafant ; and the mol^ remarkable Cities and 
 Towns were, 
 
 Mahittinim, on the North limits beyond the River 
 pine, the Place where Jacob in his return to CnnitiDi, 
 was met by the Wh^c/j of God as an Army to defend 
 him, wherefore he called the Place Mahtiuaitn, i. c. 
 ThtCcmpi^ (Jcii. 31. It wasa Cityof great Strength 
 ind Repute, and therefore reforted to by the K}"y,' ; 
 ^iner here fet up Ijhbofheth the Son of Stiul to be 
 Kinc againft Dnvld, and David retired hither during 
 the Rebellion of his Son Abj(tlom. I'cnucl or Phanucl, 
 the Place where 3nccb wrcftled with the Angel, 
 where a Town was built, feated near the River 
 7'M, and was grown confidcrable in Gideon's time ; 
 for we find he craved relief of it againft the Mi- 
 ^mites, which being refufcd, and he returning 
 yiftoiious, be« down tlieir Tower, and flew the 
 
 Inhabitants, Jiid. 8. Succatlj, i. e. Jbe Tabtrnacin 
 or Tents, where Jncoh met his Brother Efau, and was 
 reconciled to him, flood near the River Jordati, a 
 few Miles Welt from Pntiuel. The Inhabitants of 
 this City having refufrd relief to Gideon, he tortured 
 them at his return, tearing their Flefli with Thorns 
 and Briars, Jud. 8. Majpha or Mi:[fetb, the Place 
 where Jepthn refided in his exile, flood in the North- 
 eaft limits of this Province, and was a City of the 
 Levites. Rfibbn or Rabbcth, which ftood i X Miles 
 North from Mi:{fcth on the Banks of the Jabbok. 
 which almoft furrounded it, and therefore called 
 the City of Waters, iSam. 11.17. was the Capi- 
 tal and Regal Seat of the Ammom-.a, taken by Og 
 King of Bafhan, but deferred upon the approach of 
 Mcjes, who there found Og\ Iron Bed nine Cubits 
 long, and four broad » memorable afterwards for 
 the Death of Vrinh, flain at the Siege of it by 
 Duvid'a diretSlion. In later times, the adjacent 
 part of Arnbia being conquered by Ptolemy Phila- 
 delphui King of -iigypt, he re-edified this City arlfl 
 gave it the name of Philudclphf. I{.%moth G:h:id, a 
 City of Refuge belonging to the Levite.', ftf;od a- 
 bout five Miles South from the River J.il'kl^, and 
 10 Miles South-call from Pen., el, it is of:en men- 
 tioned in Scripture, particularly on account of tba. 
 reconciliation between J -a I and l.,ib:>. ; the Death 
 of W/jdi King of // .If /, who deludeil by t'alfc Pro- 
 phets, went to the Siege of ic when pulllircd by the 
 Syriati.-, I t\hh\'j. and for the anointing feiru King 
 over IJrMl, l Kjug- 9- K^'^elim, the Town of Bur- 
 ^•lliti the Gilcadite, who entertained Oivid in his 
 retreat from Abfolom, ftood near the Eaft Frontier 
 1 5 Miles South-eaft from H^nmotli Giicad. Tljcjbe, 
 the Birth-place of the Prophet Elijah, ftood near the 
 River Jordan ; near which Town on the North lay 
 the Forefl of Ephraim, in a Wood whereof Abfilom 
 was caught in a Tree by the Hair of the Head, 
 and flain by Joab. Mngeth, a City of large extent. 
 Arnon, at the foot of the Mountain of Armn, and a 
 little above the head of the Biook Amon, fa:(cr or 
 Jahfor, one of the Regal Seats of Og King of Biifljan, 
 was feated on the Brook Anwii, which foon after 
 fpreads out into a Lake, which takes name from the 
 Town: Taken by Mofes, and given to the Levites-, 
 afterwards recovcr'd by the Mc.ibites, then by the 
 Ammonites, and at laft taken by Judui /^'aicab.eii', 
 1 Mr.c. 5. /iroer, feated on the fame River A:nc>i in 
 the South-eaft Frontier, was a noted City and re- 
 ckoned the Capital of this Tribe. Dibou, on the 
 South Frontier more towards Joidnn, was a To^vn 
 cf note in Jcfhur.h's time. Laftly, Betlfi'arr.m, 
 feated alfo near Jordi-.n mentioned by Jojhu.xh in 
 his Terror of this Tribe. 
 
 The Tribe of liEVBE>^ lay on the South of 
 that of Gad, over againfl the Tribe of Benjamin, be- 
 tween the River Jordan and fome part of the Dead-Sen 
 on the M^eft, and the River Armn with Arabia Pe- 
 tr.ca on the Eaft and South. Extending about 40 
 Miles from North to South, and about ism. from 
 Eaft to Weft, And containing many fruitful and 
 well cultivated Valleys amidft the high and craggy 
 Mountains, wherewith the Land is alfo inveftcd ; 
 among which laft Pifgah or Pljfjga, whence Mofes 
 had a view of the Promifed Land. Nebo, another 
 head of the fame Ridge, if not the fame ; for tho' 
 the Maps diftinguifli them, Mcfcs in the laft Chap- 
 ter of Oeut. mentions both fynonymoufly, and fays 
 he had a view of the 1 and and died there. Phcgor 
 to the Top of which Bala\ carried Balaam v curfe 
 
 th< 
 
 ■Mi 
 
 it 
 
 ■\i>.m 
 
 fjjf »-«,:' ^ll 
 
 s" Si ,"311 
 
32 
 
 ihe Ifrnelitfs ; ate efpecially rcnutkable. The 
 Moabites, and after them the Amoiitct poll'eircd this 
 Country before the Ifritelitts conquered it ; and this 
 was the Country they firft polTelTed in their emrancc 
 of the Proniifcd Land, and hence patted over Jur- 
 dan into Canaan. The chief Cities of tho l{eiitn>i- 
 ites were, 
 
 Hefhbon or iC/cion, >the Royal Scat of Si/wh King of 
 the Amoritci, afterwards a City of Levi:ci, Itood on 
 a Hill in the Northern Fronticis of this Tribe. 
 7<i/< a City of Uvites, ibod about i ■, MiKs South- 
 weft from liJhl'OH, and gave Name to a neighbour- 
 ing Defarr. Bamth-hanl, \. e. Higlt-U/ial, lb 
 named from a Temple to Baal feated on a high Hill, 
 whither alio, Ualnl^ brought Uaiaam to curfe the 
 Ifr/telires, Be:h-fl'ogor, noted for the Adoration there 
 to a Mn.ih.'tijh Idol, ftood between B.imitl-B.ial and 
 Mount I'h i^.ir. Mciu.ti, fcaieU on the River Atuon, 
 was fometime the Capital of the Ammonieti, famous 
 for the Defeat ol' the Syrims by Jonh, i Chidii. 1 9. 
 Mrplut, ftated alio on the Amm more Southward, 
 was mcinioncd in the Hiftory of the Maccabcan War 
 wherein it was burnt, and the Inhabitants put to 
 the SworJ. Abil.i, a City in the Plain Country of 
 •»Aj<j/', which yielded priat (tore of Palm-Trecs, 
 ftood fix or (even Miles Halt from the River Jordan, 
 and as many South from Juja abovementioncd. 
 Edom or Adr.m, feated near the Banks of Jciu.tn, 
 where the Ifraelites palled over dry foot to Gilgal; 
 near thefc two Jalt named Towns it was, that 
 Elijah was taken up to Hv;aven in a fiery Chariot. 
 Sethim or Sitlm, where the Ijrnelites committed For- 
 nication with the Daughters of Midian and Moab ; 
 and notable for the Wood whereof the Ark \vas 
 made, fuppofcd to be named from this Town. Ht- 
 thabara, on the River Jofdan where St. John Baptiz'd, 
 and near which Mojes made his exhortation to the 
 I/rael.'te.'. Livias, feated aifo on J"''''''" more South- 
 ward, was of more modern date, being built by 
 Herod, and (o named in horn ur of Livin the Mother 
 of T'bcrins, Mitchriiis, a ver\ Itrong I'ortrefs built 
 hy Alexindcr Jnnin.tui King of the Jews, Itood on a 
 high Hill on the North Shear ot t!ie Deitd-Sen -. 
 Some Authors fay, it was here that St. John Bi/i- 
 f/ji' was Imprifoned and Beheaded, altho' the T/c/;^ 
 as we have laid llicwed the Place at Sam^tria. Bo- 
 for or Bc:^rit, a City of Refuge given to the Lrvitci, 
 Itood a few Miles from Aiichcnis, and fix Miles 
 North from the Slioar of the Dcud-Se.-i. L.ajn or 
 Lajhn mcnrioncii G.*.. 10. 19. in later Days named 
 Calliirl:\- by the G fc^/, from the fair Fcuntains 
 ilTump from the neighbouring Mountains, and the 
 Salubrious Springs both hot and cold, which made 
 an excellent Bath of great Virtue in Convulfive Di- 
 Itempers. And laitly Ksdcmnh, otherwife named 
 Jethjon, a Gity of the Levitei, feated near the River 
 jtrnon ; whence ^lojcs fetit his Embalfage to Sihon 
 King of the Awo'ira. 
 
 Now crolfiiig the River back again we ihall fur- 
 vey the remaining pait of the Holy-Land, name- 
 ly Jud.vii ptojii in or that part named Jtidjca by the 
 l\i.ma»s, 
 
 JV D E A, was bounded by the Mcdittrmnean- 
 Sca on the Welt, the River Jordan and the 
 Drad-Scil on the Eaft- The Country of the Tribe 
 of E'l-nim on the North, and Idumai on the South. 
 The S( 1 very Fertile, but diverfilicd with variety 
 of Hills and Valleys, and pieafant Streams of fmall 
 Kivulcts. In this Extent, it comprehended the Lands 
 
 Of the Ancient, St ate IribeoJ Ephraiai I Tribe of \ 
 
 that were poltflcd by the Tiiboof Bi.j.tmiii, Jui^:, 
 liau and Simeon. 
 
 1 he Territory of the Tribe of It E N J -/ .>//,v 
 bordcr'd on the North upon that of Ephiain 
 on [he S«uiii upon the Tiibe of Hdal\ on the Eilt 
 it wai bounded by the River 3ordnii^,u\\ on die Well 
 I'hihjiU and part ol the Tribe of /).;/, lay Letwciji 
 it and the Mcditert<tncf.n-ic>:. The chief Wiicj 
 were, 
 
 AVii', the fanheft City to the Weft of this Tribe. 
 Kobe or Neb, a City uf i.cnt.-t where die Ark fun.c- 
 timereiided, after ^V/i/; was taken by ihe i'hiiijiinr,^ 
 where Dni;i J obtained oi Ah:ii,ileJi\.W Priclt, hal- 
 lowed Bread, and received the Sword of v,Aij', 
 I Sani.-n. Giieun or Hahoii, as it is written by 
 Ad:icl)omius, ftood about five Miles Well from .".,', 
 the Capital of the Oibeonitei, who by a Wile gn' 
 Peace and Proteifion from JLjhucI; in wh«fe Utleiuj 
 hghting againil the live Amonitifo Kings ; he by 
 his Prayer made the Sim ftand (till .1 whole Diy, 
 till they were utierly Defeated, Jijl: 9. Thcf. I'c^- 
 plc therefore dwelt among the Ijrncliies perfuruiing 
 fcrvile Works, and becauic of Ji/hual'i Oatli, God 
 inllitfted Famuu; on the Land, in Punilhment for 
 Sam's deftroying them, 2 S.nii, 1 1 . Gib:/:h or G.iij;, 
 a City of Leiitii, the Birih-place of King .V».,,, 
 ftood ic or li Miles Notih-weft from Ciico. ; Me- 
 morable for the Story of the abufc conimiticd by 
 the Betijamitcs on the Lcvitci Concubine, to reveiK 
 which, all Ijasl rofe in Arms and deltiojiJ 
 15000 Men of the Tribe of Btv/amm, bclidesall 
 the Women and Children, the particulais fee m itie 
 19,10, and II. Ji'dji. Bethel, before nanu'J ;,.i^, 
 but changed by the Patriarch facob who gave it this 
 Name, which (ignihes the Houfe of God, in Me- 
 mory of bis Vifion of Angels afcending and defccnd- 
 ing. Gen. 18. Infamous afterwards for the Golden 
 Calf fet up in it by King Jeroboam : It was fome- 
 time part of the Kingdom of 7/. ,(i/, but cnnqucr'd 
 by King Abijah, it became fiibjedl to ihcKiii((of 
 Jiid.ilj, and was ftrongly fortified by King ■i'n. Hji 
 or //(', a Royal City of the i:an.ia>i.ies taken by 
 ■jo/hiiah, numorablc on account of the Oefcat of 
 the //<if//ffj at their Urlt atiacking it, by Gods Pu- 
 nilhment on Wc/.'j/.'s Sin, j*'//'. 7. (j'l'/ij.n or G(i/§(i.j, 
 near the Banks of J rd.in where ihe IJinfliti' pallid 
 over in their entrance to Canj.m, the Place where 
 they firft pitched their Tents, ^f^hcrcj rjhiM' fet up 
 twelve Stones for a Memorial of the Waters dividing 
 for their cafie palfage, Jofl.\ 4. and where W^j^ was 
 hewed in pieces by Samuel, 1 Sam. 1 5. Tliis was 
 one of the Seats of Juftice inftituted by S.mutl, 
 I Snm. 7. The other two were Betliei and Mi:{pjl; 
 or Majfhf., which ftood in the limits of this Tribe 
 alfo; a few Miles Well from .Voir. Anathith aCiiy 
 of Levices, the Birth-place of 'Jeremiah the Pro- 
 phet, ftood in the mid-way between Ciigul and 
 Jcrujhlcm. 
 
 Jericho, a large populous and Royal City abound- 
 ing with Groves of Palm-trees ; which being be- 
 fieged by Jc/huah, the Lord wrought a Miracle in 
 their Favour, and upon the founding of the Ram's- 
 horn Trumpets, the Walls of the City fell down, 
 Jofl:'. 6. It was dettroyed by Ji.jhu.ih with a Curie 
 upon the Rebuilder, however in the Days of King 
 Ahab, Hiel a Betheiitc rebuilt ir, but J(/bii.ih\ Cuife 
 had fuch effciit at that diftance of time, thai he loll 
 two of his Sons for it, 1 Kjng. 16. 34. Since 
 Chrifiitinity, it was taken and ruined by Vrjfifu«, 
 and re-edified by Adrian, but vifitcd by Tntvemt, 
 
 and 
 
Tribe of Benjamin. of J U D ^ A. 
 
 •nd Mr- '*''«'"'"•' in our D«ys, appeujt forryVil- 
 lige of 3° or 40 Houres ; ic ii leated on a lictle 
 Rivulcc with which the Jordinkxmi a lictle liland, 
 10 Miles South from Gil/^d and xo Eaft from Jtru- 
 filim. Almath near Jericho, was a City of Levitts. 
 
 JE^t'J/t /. £ M, or Hicrofiilem, the Capital of 
 ill the Land, ftood in the Soutb-eaft limits of this 
 Tribe, fo near Judr.h, that part of the Gity ftood 
 within their Territory. When pofleffej by the Je- 
 Utei it was called Snlcni, whence we may fup- 
 pcfe its Name was derived, JebufnUm, q. d. Sulem 
 of the Jthtifiit!, melted afterwards into Jerufjlem. 
 Being taken by King David, he immediately fct to 
 Voik to rcedific and adorn it, and in effedt.hc and 
 his Son after him, made it one of the moft magnificent 
 Cities of the WorlH. In its mod flourilhing State it 
 confiftcd of four Parts, which were fcparatcd by 
 Walls ; vi^. I . The old City of the Jebufi'cs which 
 ftood on Mount ^lon, where the Prophets dwelt, 
 ind where n.iiid built a flrong and Magnificent 
 Caflle, the Palace of himfelf and his SucccfTors ; 
 wherefore this was afterwards called the Cliy of 
 Divid. The Pallacc was cncrcafed and nioft fump- 
 iBoofly beautified by King Herod, and iiifcribed to 
 Airlep.i and Cxjr.r. 1. The lower City beeaufe 
 pjrtly feated in a Valley, called alfo the Daughter 
 of \io«, being built alter it ; wherein fttwd ^olc- 
 mra's Palace, the Palace he built for his Wife, the 
 Pilacc of the KUccf.hii-.n Princes, Ihrcd's magiiifi- 
 ctnt and fplendid Theatre and Amphitheatre, the 
 latter capable of receiving 80000 People, the 
 Citadel built by the Syri.m King /liitioclui to over- 
 top the Temple ; for which rcafon razed by A > won 
 M£{.vitx.v», and the Citadel built by Ueadon a crag- 
 gy rack, which he named /Int^nim in honour of 
 Marc Antoii). j. The new City inhabited by the 
 Mechanicks. And 4. Mount M'rinb where Abra- 
 hm attempted to Sacrifice If/tac, and where after- 
 wards the Temple was built by Solonon, whofe 
 fjmptuous Scruiftiire is fo particularly dcfcribcd in 
 the 6 and 7ih. Chap. 1 K'^'S- that we need not en- 
 large on it here. The Deftruiftion of it by the B/i'';- 
 /.w'jri under Ncf'ud'aJnc^^ar, i Kj"!',- 24. l C/ir. 36. 
 and the Re-ftrudlure after the Captivity by ^e- 
 rtinW and the Priefls, E^ra. 3. are alfo fo well 
 tnoivn that wc need only mention it : But Herod's 
 Rc-ftrui3urc we ate lefs acquainted with, that 
 Prince pulled down the old Building, and ercdling 
 it wholly new with as much Magnificence as So- 
 hmtn had done, endeavouring if poirible to ex- 
 ceed it. The building was of white Marble, each 
 Stone whereof was 15 Cubits long, 8 Cubits high, 
 and IX Cubits broad, Jofiphui, Antlq.lit. i^.c. i.^. 
 It was built in moit Princely manner, the middle 
 part riling high above the fide Ifles, and exceeding 
 tb- fornicr Temple io Cubits in heighth, the whole 
 adotn'd with Columns, Carvings and Gildings 
 ill mod fplendid manner ; it was alfo furrounded 
 with the four Courts as Solomon's had been, and ap- 
 peared fo Magnificent and truly Glorious, that Titnt 
 the l^mnn General laboured all that in him lay to 
 prevent its DcftrudJioii, merely for its beauty fake ; 
 but the Jewi being retired thither wlien the Hftnen 
 Soldiers entered by Storm, the diforder was fo great 
 that 'twas impoifible for him to prevent their firing 
 it: So that it ftood not above 85 Years. The Fates 
 of this City anid Temple were thus, Duvid^ndi Solc- 
 mm built and adotn'd it, -*. M. 1900 to 2934. 
 Ktl:mhiidni:^litr took it and deftroycd both the City 
 and Tempk about 3361. Aftct 70 Years Captivity, 
 
 II 
 
 the Jews being releafed by Cyrus in the firfl Year of 
 fail Reign, rr«urned to Judta and Rebuilt the City. 
 Herod who wai made King of Jiid.tti, A. M. J913. 
 Adorned the City with many fplendid builcfingt, 
 particularly that part which had been called before 
 the lowet City or Daughter of ^lon, infomuch that 
 that part obtained afterwards the name of Herod's 
 City ; and rebuilt the Temple a* abovefaid. Herod 
 pofliiffed Jcruftilem 37 Yeari before the Birth of Clirijt, 
 and A.C. 71. Jerufalem was taken and deftroycd 
 by the Rjinnxni nndet Titus Vrffitfian. The following 
 States of it we liave already told in our account of 
 Modern Judra, and fo we ftj^ll here conclude thif 
 Subjedl. 
 
 Thefe Placet near Jerufalem being often men- 
 tioned in Scripture, muft not pafs without notice, 
 vi^. 
 
 Mount Olivet, which took its name from the great 
 number of Olives growing on it, ftands on the Eaft 
 fide of the City, and was fe/tile in divers Fruits and 
 agreeable Plants, as Myrtles, Pines, Palms, (s!c. From 
 its higheft Sommet oui Saviour afccnded into Hea- 
 ven, in memory whereof the Einprefs Helena built 
 a Chapel there, as we have elfewbere fhewn. 
 
 The Vality of Jeholnphitt lay between the City 
 and Mount 0/it>;(,being waier'd and made fruitful by 
 the Brook Kfdron which run through it. In thisValley 
 are fhewn the iVell of Nehemiah ; the Pool of Siloain ; the 
 Fount/tin of the Blcjjod Virgin, the Pillar of Solomov, 
 the Tombs of Jehofophat and :^nchii>y, and the Totnb 
 of the Bleffcd Virgin. Alfo in this Valley at the foot 
 of. Mount O/i'wf ftood the Village G«//i»MMf, ad- 
 joy ring to which was the Garden where our Saviour 
 was betrayed. At the end of the Valley of Jehc- 
 faphisi towards the City lies. 
 
 The Valley of Hinnom, on the Wcfl fide of which 
 lies the Poitcrs-field , called the Field of Blood, and 
 made a burying Place ; it is a Plat of about 30 Yards 
 long and 1 5 broad, the Earth of which is reptirteil 
 to confume the Corps put into it exceeding fooii, 
 which is believed by lAx.Sundy's, but contraditflcd. 
 by Mr. Mntideril. 
 
 Mount Calv.try where our Saviour was Crucified,' 
 ftood on the Weft fide of the Ciry without the 
 Walls, but by the Emperor Conft/Mitiu.- it was taken 
 in, and the noble Temple built upon it, which we 
 have dcfcribcd in our account of the modern State of 
 this City. 
 
 Mount Gion or Gihon, where Solomon was anointed 
 King, ftnod alfo on the Weft at a farther diftance. 
 
 The Valley of l{aph.ii>not of Giants, which was 
 very fertile in Oil, Wine, Corn and all forts of 
 Fruits, lay alfo on the Welt fide the City. 
 
 The Valley of Tofhet, called alfo the Valley of 
 the Sons of Hinnom, Jay on the South-eaft at the 
 footof the Mount of Offence, and was full of green 
 Plats, Gardens and Groves, and water'd with the 
 Brook Kedron, 
 
 Laftly, Bethany, a fmall Village on the Road that 
 leads to Jericho, was made famous by our Saviour's 
 taiCmgLa^/irus from the dead there. 
 
 The Territory of the Tribe of JVDAlf lay next 
 to Benjtmin on the South, extending to the Moun- 
 tains Sfirand Frontiers ofldiimiit, in length 60 Miles; 
 bounded on the Eaft by the D^itd-Sen, and on the 
 Weft by the Tribes of Dun and Simeon. It was 
 reckoned the largeft and moft populous Province of 
 the whole Country, and the Inhabitants were 
 cftcemed the moft Valianr, which with its bein^ the 
 p Royal 
 
I 
 
 f 
 
 u 
 
 Roy»l Tribe, rendered it famous above the reft, 
 and made its name be communicated to the wbolo 
 Country. The 1 Jiid was beaucilied' wiih a very 
 pjeafant variety of Hills, Valleys, Plains, Rivuleu, 
 uiA abounded with Paftnres and Vineyards ; Ex- 
 cept toward the Soiithciii part, where the neighbour- 
 ing Sand and Rocks of IJumxj, communicated 
 it» Soil, and rendered it partly Defaic. The ('<i. 
 wiaiiiies ftridly (o called dwelt here, and the Pa- 
 triar:h Abrnhvn had his Seat and Sepulchre in this 
 Province. The chief Places in /w''"'', were 
 
 Lilmi, A ftronj; City fcated in a narrow neck of 
 Land fart of this Tribe, which runs out Northward 
 between liftijumin and "■" ; it revdited from King 
 3iir(.in, and became a Free State. MaceJa or J*lck_- 
 lifiiri, ^ Royal City where the five Amotiti Kings 
 Jay hid in the Cave, Jcfh. i c 15. /f^f Jo, where 
 God rained down great Hailllones upon the Am- 
 monlrts to deftroy thcai, 7oJ].\ 9. 1 1, it was a well 
 fortified City, and flood alVo'in a North-weft cornet 
 near /.(5«rt and Me(ki\l'i, in the Valley of T.'i«riMf/>, 
 and revolted .tllb .it the fame time with Libna. Neat 
 thcfc Cities wau the place whrre Dnvid killed GolifJ\ 
 £a''\r or B-'//-/e .', i.e. Hoiifc an a I{pck^, being a 
 flronp Fortrefs fcated on a Rocky Hill fix or fevcn 
 Miles South firm Jcrujnlem : Firft fortified by King 
 ^:bibni::, and atV;rwarc!s made impregnable by the 
 
 Of the /nctent State Trihe 0/ Judah. I irtbcof 
 
 lowed by 
 
 D*vid retired into the Wildernefs of f.na, 
 bid himfelf in a Cave, where being fol 
 StuI, he cut off th« Skirt of his Raiment in ihj 
 Night, to ihew hiin next Day that his Life wai in 
 his Power. OJilla, a Royal City taken by Jcjhutk 
 Ji^uU or CtiU, a fmall City which David rcfcucd 
 with great Slaughter of I'hitiflinei, i Sam. 13. f/,. 
 bion, before called Arbii antf Kjijttb.A'ba, a mod 
 ancient City of Canaati, bouaht by Abmham for j 
 Burying Places near it lay the Plains of Mtmtc 
 where /Ibri-.hamt Tent and the Oak flood, under 
 which he entertained the Angels .■ After the /E^f. 
 tiiin Captivity this Town was given to CM, mj 
 made a City of Refuge ; when Dnvid came to ib« 
 Crowrf he made this his Royal Scat till he took and 
 rebuilt 7(1 )(/<■/(»> : It flood on a Hill 24 Miles Somh 
 from Jerufttcm. /ether, a City of Levitts. Jt. 
 reiiieth and Taphn/t, two Royal Cities conquered by 
 J'fl.uitl; flood near one another in the Weftcni 
 Borders. KJijath-jedriw, where the Ark of the 
 Covenant abode for lo Years after it was recovered 
 from the PhiliJ}inej, flood on a Hill in the Borders 
 of D/tn, to which Tribe it is placed by foirc, but 
 being declared Jojh. 18.14. •" ^^e o( Juiali, we 
 ought not to place it clfewhere. Je^rnel, the Birth- 
 place of Amnjah, the General 0!' Abjahni Forces flood 
 five Miles South from H:l ran. \ipl', which gjvc 
 
 Maccab.'i, Umau!, a Village fevcn Iviilcs and half name to the Neighbouring WilderntG, wlicrej 
 
 mm 
 
 t'.iftant fi'-in/f rw^c/cm to tlicSouth-wttt.faniousforout 
 Lord's fliewing himfelf ai'icr his Rcfurredion to C'co- 
 fl'i-.s and riv >jrher Difl'iple, \-uk..-ii, : And rcfortcd to 
 for the Hut Li.ulis r.eai ir, mentioned by iV^fswww as 
 Miraculous, and by ^rf^-phui as natural. Thf* 
 Town W.1S afterwards called Nicopmit, when re-cdi- 
 fic'Jby the Rnnans after the dcftriiflion of Jeru[nkn:. 
 Jie^'.-k the Royal Seat of King A.ioni-^edcl^, who 
 (lirred the four other Kings to come with him in 
 Battle againft the IJinelin-i, J f.\ id. hcthlel^em 
 fiirr.aiticd of J"'kl; to diftinguiihit from Bcihichcm 
 of Z^abtiloii, o;hcrwirc named Euilvi-.tu, bi'iltbythe 
 Jcbi/iici, the Birth-place of King D-niH, whence it 
 was alfo cilicd the City of Div/.y, flood five or fix 
 Miles South from Jnifilcm : Famous to all Eternity 
 fir being honoured with the Birth-place of our 
 BIcflcd Lord Jc/m Cljnjf, and for the Slaughter of 
 innocent Babes by llercit, wherein a Son of his own 
 was killed : The Town jiflly tcfpeifled by the Pri- 
 mitive Ch-ftiMis, and beautified with a rtately 
 Temple over the Place of tlic Birth, bu:It by*tlic 
 Fmprcfs //:/riM as we have already told our Reader 
 in the account of Modern Judxn. Ti'jccua or Tccoti,^ 
 was leated on a Hill a ftw Mile- ii'Jant from Bcthlc- 
 l-cw, fiuroundcd with excellent ',af u:>:3, the Birth- 
 place of the Prophet Amm^ anu of ihi Woman that 
 rtrfwadcd Dnvid to recal Jonat'rmi. in the Wilder- 
 nefs near it the Monbitc-, (Jc. •, so v;amc againfl Jc- 
 hojr.ftut to battle, were upoi> his I'rayer, confounded 
 by God and dcflroycd one another, z C.l>r. 20. ^oar 
 Tfohr \ orSigoi, formerly called Bf//r, flood 15 Miles 
 South from Jericho, near the Cnafts of the Dcad- 
 Sra, on.' of the Pcr.tiipi.lis or five Cities doomed to 
 Ueflrudhnii, (t)ie other four being Sodctn, Gomorrah, 
 •Seboim and Ad.imr) but prcferv'd by l-ot's entreaty, 
 Gen. 19. zz. I'.ngr.dJi before cali'd Afafonthnmar, 
 7. r. the City of Balm-Trees, built upon a high and 
 Itecp Rotk on the Rank of the Dc.id-iea, in a Coun- 
 try noted fiir its quantity of Balm-Trees, and other 
 fragrant Plants. It gave name to the neighbouring 
 Mountains, and near it was the Cave that Lot and 
 liis Daughters retired to from the Fire of Sedom. 
 
 Dnvid hid himfelf from Saul, flood on a Hill ^ 
 Miles South from Hebron ; 'twas m this WilJernds 
 that David vi'u\\ Ab.jhii cimc into S^h/'s Camp by 
 Night, and carried away his Cup and his Spcii 
 from his Bed-fide, which he (hewed next Djv is 1 
 Teflimony, that it was in hiS Power again to hait 
 flain him. Maon, which flood a few Miles mote 
 to the South, in a Dcfart Country full of Groves, 
 Caves and Dens, afl'orJed alfo a Place of Refuge to 
 David. Holon or Oloti, a City of Lnitct, ttoojilx 
 Miles Eaft from AfjoM. Gc:;^c>i, near it gave name to 
 a Territory. Mount Cmmel, ditferent from tlut 
 £.V/?M frctiuentcd, which as we have already faid 
 flood far North, was the Place where Churlilh Ne. 
 bn, dwelt. Southward from hence flood Celo, the 
 Birth-place of Achitopt.'ci. CaffocI, on the cxtrcam 
 South Point of the Dead-'>ea, and H.ijor or C//i;/iir, 
 a Frontier towards Hutnxa. In the limits of this 
 Tribe, near the Coaflsof the Deal-Sea a. few Milci 
 South from E>ifa.ldi, flood the ftrong Forttefs of 
 Maffa.l.r, often mcntion'd by /o/''/'''.'" as impregnable, 
 built by "J"^"' Maccab.cus, and by hlerod much en 
 larped, improved, and beautified, who alfo built 
 a Palace in it, the Walls were fcven Fiirlonps 
 in circuit, and the Town flood on a l-igli Hill 
 called Ccllis AchiU.c, whereon were FielJs yield- 
 ing Corn to fupply a Garrilbn. Aiii fucii was iis 
 Strength, that it held out the longeft of any againft 
 the Upmani. 
 
 Adjoining to the Tribe of Jiidab on the Weft, 
 lay thcTribesof Oik ii\d Simeon j and beyond them 
 on the Sea-Coafts, lay the Country polfelfed by the 
 PHlLtSTlNES, who were at firft Mailers of aD 
 the Coaft, from the Borders of Phanicia to thepron- 
 tiers of Idum.ea, but Jappa and all Northward the 
 Ifraelites had recovered j fu that what they held du- 
 ring the flourilliing State of i/i or/, confifted of the fix 
 Towns, GntI', Acarcn, A^ctus, Afcalon, Ga:(a, and 
 Majuma, and the Land adjoining. Of which we 
 will now fpeak before v»c enter Dan, 
 
 Thefe 
 
Inbcof Simeon. <>/ J U 1) IB, A. 
 
 3<: 
 
 TJiefe 
 
 Tlicfc were all Strong and Populous, and afforded 
 Potent Annies, which being alw.)ys allinrd and vn- 
 crcali'l by tlic EJomitri, pave the //"<r/<>f/ asgreac 
 JiftutKirKC as any of their lincmics whatfoevcr. 
 They were an Iitoiatrous People Worlhipping li^-on^ 
 Sci\chii\ and other IJoIj ; tlicy were alfo of flnvsg 
 anil Gigantick Stature, defcendcd from Cnfli^Nm and 
 Cifthmt'" of the Kace of Mi^i.iim, :itid i.'>nquciid 
 this Coiinti y before iht; time of yllrnham, whofe 
 King ;ilw,i\s bore the name of Atimflrch, as thofe ot 
 Mfjj: lii'l tlic name of Pharoah for many Ages. 
 Tncf w^re cruel Finemies to the Ifi-aetitei for many 
 Ages; Sfitnffni lif(( broke their Forre ; Dnvid over- 
 threw them in nuiiy Battles, and todkOnth ; O^/* 
 defeated them; Ih^ekiith chaftis'd them; and the 
 Maccdeii finally dellroyed them. 
 
 Gith or Gcth, ftood on the Coaft of the Mediter- 
 rinci-.'i-^ni in the Lat. of ji. ii. about 2; Miles 
 Weft from Jrru/alem, it was the Birth-place of 
 Goliiii) and many other Giants, a ftrong and popu- 
 lous City, taken by Vavid and difinantlcd, rebuilt 
 by B^kbonm, and again dcmolithed by V\:{iah, and 
 afterwards by Ih^nel King of Sjiria ; all which fo 
 cMually fupprelled its ancient Grandeur, that it 
 became of little note. In the Chnjii.vi times, Fiill;^ 
 King of Jertif.tlcm built a Caftic on its Ruins. 
 
 /kci:ro>i, iiond about 1^ Miles South of G.iil\ 
 and two or three Miles from the Sea- Coaft ; it 
 was a Itrong and wealthy City, the Scat of their 
 Idol Bitl:^cbub, and often mentioned in Scripture. 
 
 /f^rtuj or Afhdod, 'vSere ftood the Temple of Vn- 
 jjfi, into which th-. Ark of the Covenant being 
 brought when it was taken at Sikh, the Idol fefi 
 down and broke to pieces ; the City ftood near the 
 Sea-Coift 1 7 or 18 Miles South from Accaron, and 
 was for a long time in very flourifhingState ; 'Jona- 
 tlm Muccabxus took it, put the Peo['lc to the 
 Sword, burnt the Temple and Idol of Dagm, and 
 therewith a great number of the Inhabitants who 
 had fled to it for iheltcr ; the l{pmiins rebuilt it, and 
 in the time the Chrijti.trs polfcflcd this Country, it 
 was an Epifcopal See, now a forry Village. 
 
 yljcaloii, featcd .ilfo on the Sea-Coalt, at about 
 the fame didance more South from /l^o/w as that 
 wasfiom /icciiron ; was reckoned the ftrongeft of all 
 the P/j;7//(H« Cities, and therefore we hear Icfsofit' 
 late in Scripture than of the other Cities, being we 
 fuppofc fcldom attickt. In Cl)ulii.-:nity it was a Bi- 
 ihops See, and in the Holy War was beautified 
 with a new Wall and many fair Buildings by our 
 King%/)/iiJ I. A Temple built here in Honour to 
 ('I'CfU the Mother of Hcmii nmis, who by the Poets 
 w.isfeiijned to be turned into a Filh in the neighbour- 
 ing Lakc,exprefs'd by Ovid in his Mctatiiorphj . 6. was 
 retorted to by the Htlmick,!, as alfo another of Apollo. 
 
 Gii^4, of like diftancc more South, ftood alio near 
 the Sea-Coift on a Hill environed with Valleys, and 
 thofe again with Hills, planted with all forts of deli- 
 cious Fruit, and was a large and ftrong City : Ta- 
 ken by CdiV'-, but recovered by the PhiUJlines ; no- 
 table on account of Sumpfin, who tore the Gates o- 
 pen, when they attempteii to confine him in the 
 City, and carried them away on his Shoulder to 
 the top of a neighbouring Hill. Alexander the Great 
 deftroyed it, but 'twas rebuilt and made fstax. rc- 
 llftance againft the Mnccabets, yet taken at laft. 
 
 And Lattly, Mnjitm.i, a few Miles South from 
 ^1^'t featcd cm the Sea-Coaft, and the mouth of 
 the Rivulet Bi'for, was a Town of lefs note than 
 tjie former, and chiefly remarkable by being the 
 forttoG«^<». 
 
 The Tci ritory of the Tribe of DAN, w.is bound- 
 ed on the North by V.pt mim ; on the South by the 
 I.and of' the Tribe of 'itmeon j on the F.aft by thofe 
 ot Be>«'/iminin<ijud,ih, and on the Weft by the Mt- 
 diteri^menn-Sea, and the Country ot the I'lilijlines. 
 Its estrcam length from North to South u.is about 
 45 Milei, but (hen in the Northern paitu was very 
 nariow, and in the Southern not excieding 15 Miles 
 111 Breadth. The chief Towns were, 
 
 Joppa^ hodie Jaffa, a very a<acnt Sea Port Town, 
 built on a Rock on the Bat As. of the Mediitri»iiean^ 
 Sea, in the exiream North part of this Tribe, and irj 
 the Latitude 31. ir^ Vamous in thole times fcritE 
 Haven the only ( uc of Jndia ; the Place where 
 Jonah took (hipping, when he fled from the Prefcocc 
 of God; where Peter raifcil lhrc.it to life, and where 
 ina Vifion he wis exhorted to Convert the Gcntilci : 
 By the F.thnickj ft'd to be the Place where Andro- 
 meda, was refcucd from the Sea Monfter by Perfciu^ 
 notable in the time of the Maccaliecj, foi the butn- 
 ing of the Syrian Fleet before it ; taken and deftfoy- 
 cd by the Homans, rebuilt in the Holy War by Kin(> 
 Lents oi france. Anno M-jo. and now decayed and 
 but a forry Town. Jatiwi/i, a few Miles South from 
 Joppa, ftood alfo on the .Sea CoafI, in a pleafant 
 Champion Country .■ it is often mentioned in the 
 Maccakci-.n War ; anil in Clr.jli.mitf was a Bilhop's 
 See. Caffhin, a fortified Town felted on a fniali 
 Lake Gx Miles Fall of Jaiw.ia. Gci'i«cmnio>i, a City 
 of Levites ftood (ix or fcven Miles South from CaJ- 
 phin. Thamna or 'V^amn/ita, where 'ju.ii:h (hore his 
 Sheep, and where Snmplon (lew a Lion. Bci'ufcmc}^ 
 near the Sea-Coaft fix or fi'vcn Miles South from 
 G.ith, a City of Levites, whither the Ark wasbrought: 
 by the Yoke of Kine loofcd by the PhiUJlines, and 
 where a great number of the Inhabitants were ftain 
 by God, for having looked into it, i Sam. 6. Aja- 
 lon, on the Frontiers of Judah, a City of the Le- 
 vites, where 'tis faid the Moon ftood ftill at the 
 Prayers I of Jo/huah, as the Sun did at Gibeonn 
 Lachis, notable for the Death of Ama:(iah King 
 of Judah. Modin, fcated on a Hill, the Place 
 of Birth and Sepulchre of the Maccabee Princes, 
 whofe Tombs of white Marble were built fo high as 
 to be a Land Mark for Seaircn. Bltcce, a City ot 
 Levites : nrar this City ftood Lehi or the Utimoth- 
 Lehi oi Sempfon, where he flew icco Philifiines 
 with the Jaw-bone of an Afs. Gihbahon or Gabathon, 
 a City of Levites, but fome time pofTeircd by the 
 Vhilijiines, at the Siege whereof Nadab the Son of 
 7f ro^o<jw was (lain by Bimfha, i KJ^ig. i'^. Satraox 
 X^ora, a neat Town in a Plain, remarkable for the 
 Birth of Sampfin : Near it is the Fountain called 
 tons JEthyopis, faid to be that wherein Philip Bap" 
 tized the Eunuch. Kehol-Efixoi, i.e. xhe Torrent and 
 Valley of the Clujier, where the Ifraelite Spies, cut * 
 Bunch of Grapes fo big as to b^; carried between 
 two Men, and Pomegranates and Figs, to carry 
 back to Mofcs ; viiA in the South limits of this 
 Tribe. 
 
 The Tribe of S/ATKON poflefled the reft of 
 Judjea, extending from the Frontiers of Dan, to 
 the exiream Southern limits of Judta, where it was 
 bounded by the Brook Sicbor or River of ^gypt^ 
 which parted it from Idumra. A Country which in 
 its South Parts, was very Rocky and Barren, and 
 therefore the Rivulet Befir may be reckoned, its 
 Boundary, beyond which they had fewer no Towm^i 
 and being (hut up between the two Rivoletson Norii 
 and South, the Tribe of Judafi on the Eaft, and the 
 F t Philifiinet 
 
 sal; 
 
 i m 
 
 
 ,.->! 
 
 : w 
 
mi 
 
 3« 
 
 0/ the Ammt State, &ci 
 
 Idumcea, 
 
 Vhitiflint! on the Weft ; they had fo little room, and 
 fo much difturbancf From the fLilijHres and lUomitft, 
 that they were forced to difpcrfc thcmlilvcs amoni; 
 all the Tribes, in the Oflice of Scribes and Nota- 
 ries. Their chief Towns were, 
 
 S'^^-'S or Sicrlr';, a Town formerly poffcfled by 
 the I'hiiijlinci, which yichi/h King of Oath gave to 
 tiavt(t, for a Refuse againll Saul, llnin or Wf«, a 
 City of Ltvitcs. Il.jrtiir. or llcrmn, a Royal City 
 fubducd by 7i/'"'""'- lii'bir, before called ^;.iV;rtf/.- 
 Sefki, i. e. City ot l.cnining, faid to be the Univcr- 
 (ity of Judcii, at firit poiVelled by the Sons of y/H.it 
 of Gigantick Stature, taken by OWn/f/and given to 
 the Liiita. Gn/ir or Ccrara, a Royal City the 
 Boundary of the Cr.nr.^jiirn, and the Seat of the two 
 jihimelechs, in the times of --/iivi/i.iiw and //?Mc. Brf- 
 Jh.h ot Berjr.L.; named from the Well and the Oath 
 between /li-'itl'tim and Aliimclcd', (icn. ii. Itond 
 near the Brook Dcjor in the moft South limits of 
 JwUi, and oil that account often mentioned in 
 Scripture, memorable for the Grove ther; planted 
 l>y Ahrd'nm, and the wandrings of HagAr and her 
 Son Ifw.i.-I, when turned out of Abrahtv'i Houfe ; 
 where alfo the Prophet FJijah retired. Beyond this 
 is a fandy Dcfart uninhabitable ; except on the Sea- 
 Coaft, where ifands two Towns, Anthedon, a fniall 
 Port-Town deftroycJ by Alex/indu King of theJciTx, 
 rc-editied by llercd and named Ag>ippias, And l{l>i- 
 nocorura hodic I'hammkf., in the very extrcam South, 
 at the River Sicht^ or River of ''lig,ipt : which 
 Town was fomctime poflelfed by the JEji^iptiatii ; 
 in the Holy War it was ftrongly fortified, to oppofe 
 the I'u'ki Auxiliaries coming from -I'-ii^ypt. 
 
 We have now Travelled through all the Country., 
 pofrcded by the Twelve Tribes oflfmcl. To which 
 we muft add IDV M .1'. a before we clofe this Chap- 
 ter ; for that was the Country of the Poftenty tf tlie 
 other Son of jyi.if, namely ii/j//, and wasfubjcded to 
 Jiidahby King D.iij,/;'tis ttiie in the wickedRcign cf 
 Jchornm, they revolted and made themfelvesa King, 
 as we are told 2C'hron. zi. and continued a feparatc 
 People always at Enmity with the IJ ccliici for many 
 Ages, yet at laft being conquer d, and the Inhabi- 
 tants Circumcifed by //j>c.>»hj about 170 Years be- 
 fore Chrift ; it was juflly enough eftcemed part of 
 PtiUjiiUil by the HonnDn, anil fn marie t\^p (iirh Parr 
 in their Divifion, as we have elfewhere Ihewn. 
 
 iDl'M.E/;, lay on the South of Jiidah, between 
 the Meditcn itnrnn-Sca on the Weft, and Arabin i'c- 
 traa on the Eaft and .South. It is a Country of a 
 dry fandy Soil, deftitute of Water, except in Wells 
 here and there Dug by the Inhabitants, and there- 
 fore no wonder it was always partly Delait. On 
 the North runs a long Ridge of Rocky Moun- 
 tains, named the Mountains of Stir, denominated 
 from Ejc.u, for the Word figniticd Hairy, alluding to 
 to the Hairynefs of l'.J;u. Towards the Sea-Coait 
 the Earth is Prclitick enough, and yields Palm-trees 
 in abundance ; the famous Balm grew plentifully 
 here in old times, but at prcfent there is none to be 
 found. As to the State of this Country, now and 
 for many Ages part, little can be laid ; for the Na- 
 tives ateof the Arabian kind, a wild roving People, 
 with whom none of our Enrupcnn Nations have cvei- 
 converfed, and from whom, altho' we had commn- 
 nication, 'tii not probable any thing could be learnt, 
 iiiice thev are fo far from Polite, that 'tii to be 
 doubted whether they have any kind of Lito/itwe 
 among themjfo that wccan tell the Reader nothing of 
 Ciiiea 01 Towns fcated here at pielent, and might pafs 
 
 it over without fuither notice, if the frequent mcna.,» 
 in Scripture of the lidomitts, did not require an at 
 count of its ancient State. 
 
 I'o fpeak therefore of this Countrey fu tar as ij 
 nLcelfary for the better undcrlianding tlie Scripturi; 
 we mult tell you ; the firlt Inhabitaiirs wcie the 
 }uiiu-s, as we arc told (<>". 14. whom /-.y-iii ful-. 
 jedfd, when he retreated into Mount S<'/>, tojcavi 
 room lor his Brother 7"''/' in Cmi.i.w. From /;/,-, 
 who is alio Hjmi, as it is over and over exprclltil i;l 
 Scripture, the People were called ELmita, wAc. 
 which name we find them very ofreii meiitu-iiul in 
 the Wars of 7Hr/<j/j and//vjf/; called alio l..i,msi 
 either by Latinizing Edom, or from the I.lum.ui., 
 a jPeople of A'Anf. i';'ix, who are laid to have tot- 
 fook their own Country and I'lantcd licic. Thcv 
 were a Rude and Barbarous People, (unernfil to; 
 fomc time by Kings, a 1 ift uf eight of which is 
 let down by hUja, Got. ^6. who reigned betciu 
 any King cr Government was ellabiilhcd in Ij.!..- 
 But the Succelfion was broke, and the (iovcrnmcH 
 was fomctimes Patriarchal in their fevcral Tribc>, 
 and fomctimes Regal over all. When MJs ki i.h.c 
 Ifmclites out of A-.gypt, we may Uippofc it in 
 this laft State, for 'twas to the King of /:,;.«;, 
 that he fent to delire Pail'age thro' the Land, (.V.w, 
 10.) The churlifh anfwer of whom, to the d\:\ 
 Entreaties and Declarations !•!">/:'■.', is an iiiftance 
 of the Rudcncfs of that PeopiC. i'iio' protcciled by 
 God at that time, ( Dent. 1. ) yet they were con- 
 quer'd afterwards by King O.ivid, ( 1 S.nn. S.] ar.l 
 govern 'd by his and his Siicccflbrs Vice-Ro\i tor a- 
 feout 160 Years ; .it the cml of which, tak r,e 
 advantage of the loofc Reign of JcAo/wi, Snu "• 
 Jehcfnphat King of Jiidah, they threw off the Yuke 
 and refumed their own Government, and were never 
 afterwards Reduced till the Maecabcr.it tuucs, \vhc:i 
 Joa)i/:cs I^yicanu! conquered the. Edcmitii, nnii nude 
 them receive Circnmcifion and the I. aw of Mcjc:, 
 (Jifiphiis Aiiti.j, Lib. 13. C'/'. 14.) With the icli ci 
 3ud.cit, afterward conquered by the /(;mj''.', and 
 ilnce by the 'i'urki, but it does not appear thele nuir. 
 taiii any Government here, e:;ccpr on the Sci-Call 
 for ftcuring the Road from A\^_^pi WJu.i.fr., wiioct 
 llood Ibme Caftlcs and a few fcattcr'd VilLijic,-,, 3- 
 TTirjiic which mriitinnrd by Travellers, are Li .;'j 
 or Arijj'.i, as 'tis named by Sandys, fcated not far 
 from the Frontiers of JiuUn, and two Miles from 
 the Sea, a Caftle with a Gatrifon of 100 SoMicr;, 
 lurrouiidcd by a few ordinary Houles, and furnifb. 
 eu with good Water. Salhia, where a Wc//'i rcliic; 
 Handing more towards the Frontiers of -fy;:. 
 lint, a Town upon the Sea-Shoar, and C.i.'iin 
 Calllc with a fmall Garrilbn, where Toll is exacled 
 ot Merchants and Travellers, ifands in a Dcfart, ar.J 
 is forced to fend to Tj'm for Water and Sullenancc. 
 To which we muft add Torr, a fmall Sca-ioit Taivn 
 and Caftle featcd near thcStraij'.hts cf Sntt, or Di 
 vilion of -Egypt and Artibir., where an .^;i is (io 
 vernor, and keeps a Gatrilon ; near it is a fair and 
 fpacious Convent of (■' eek, jvlonks, who trcatcj 
 Mr. Tlicvenof, (as 1 1 . ipofe they do otiiCi Traveller!,) 
 very kindly. 
 
 Ihe chief Places mentioned in ancient Amhorj 
 are, liinhnbutb, the Seat of l.eli the firlt Kin^ of 
 Edom. Pan, the Seat of lliditr, the laft ot the 
 Kings mentioned by Moles. Anith, the Royal City 
 of Hadad, another of thofe Kings. Capi'oja, (\»- 
 mararis and Elefa, are noted by I'tolenf as chief Ci- 
 ties, but they arc not mentioned in Hiitorv. 
 
 h 
 
ARABIA. 
 
 37 
 
 In the later accounts of /i/H)n<7, they reckoned all 
 that part of thcTribc of Simton, South of the Rivulet 
 B<fcir, and even G/i^<i and the other I'hilijline Cities, 
 within its bounds, whereby Rj;inocorur.i, Antheiian, 
 and even Bcajhehi, which wc have fpokcn of as 
 (lart of Simton, bccaufe conquered by them, altho' 
 tbrnicrly indeed fubjetS to the lUomitts, to be part 
 of l.iuw.ci: And C/Ht'fr<«i names G.I fas its Capital 
 City. 
 
 Before we quit Uum.<:/i\ \*e nluft not forget to 
 mention, that it was here on the Hdl Ci/fiui, that 
 the Great I'omfey received his Death and Sepulchre, 
 murdered by Command of I'tolemy, to vvhom he 
 fled for Succour, and buried by an honeft private 
 Soldier, where afterwards the Emperot A.iri.ni erect- 
 ed a Monument to his Memorv 
 
 ARABIA 
 
 A 
 
 Djoiiiing to the Countries we have pafFcd 
 thro' lies Ali^AEIA, a Land of vail ex- 
 tent, namely lo Degrees or 1200 JWilcs 
 from North to South, and ^i Dcgrens 
 from Eaft to Weft : But not proportionately Popu- 
 lous, beitit; a Sandy Barren Soil, and affording but 
 htikSublillance to citlierManor Beali^ 
 
 The Boundaries of diahia are, on the North 
 Ju'Ui-.^ S\ric, and the River F.uplirntcs ; on the South 
 the Ocean ; on the tail the River Euphratej, divid- 
 ing it from Di.i-i'tc!!, and the Gulphs of Bnjfori) and 
 Om.v/, which part it from VtrjU; and on the Weft 
 P.i:-ftine, foine part of Ai^yft and the HeJ-Se/i ; ex- 
 tending from the 15th. to the 35th Degree of Lati- 
 tude, and therein polfefllng the Third, Fourtli and 
 Fifth Ciiinatcs, and lying partly in the Torrid Zone, 
 the Tropick of Ciincer palling over Ar,iinn-Yclix. 
 
 The AIR therefore is exceeding hot, and the 
 SOIL in many Places fo very rough, Tandy, dry 
 atid I'arrcn, that tho' a little matter fuffices Nature, 
 yet (he Earth produces not enough for its fupport. 
 ThcRiveisare but few, andthofe fhallow and fmall, 
 and Rain is feldom feen there ; fo that they ha^ e on- 
 ly he Dew .which Nature affords them very plenti- 
 ully' to Water the Land, The Sea-Coafts and 
 Banks of Rivers afford indeed a better Soil ; there 
 the Ground yields Aromatick Plants, and Delicious 
 Fruits, as Aloes, Caliia, Spikenard, Cardamum, 
 Cinnamon, Pepper, Dates, Oranges, Lemons, Cs, 
 Frankincenfe, Myrrh, and other vjluable Gums. 
 Honey and Wax . are alfo plentiful in this 
 Country ; and in thmr Seas, they Filh up the 
 bed Coral and Pearl*. Among their Bcafts, the 
 Camel feems to be purpofely created for this So\\, 
 where (andy Delarts afford no Water in many Days 
 Travel ; this Creature is fo fuppUed by Nat'.--c, 
 Willi a Faculty of thriving up the Liquids of his 
 Stomach into hit Throat, and Pcrfpires lb little, 
 that he requires not Water in three Days, and can 
 well fubfift 14 days without it ; he carries a Bur- 
 then of ^00 Pound weight, which need never be 
 taken off his Back in the whole Journey, for he only 
 linccls down to relt, and riles with his Loading on. 
 Thcle therefore a^e the carriage Bcafts they ufe io 
 their Trade Journeys, which arc pcrfotm'd in Cara- 
 vans, or very great Troops of Ca'iels withOuards 
 to defend from Robbery. Their Horfes are ima'l 
 and ill (liaped, but wondrous Fleet ; thele ate uled 
 by the wild Artbiont, who live upon Spc il ani 
 
 Robbery,andt! e .ilVlvtsaswell a^ Horfes are exceed- 
 ing fwif't of Foot. They are ily and fiient, upon 
 you before you're aware, and gone before you can 
 think of purfuing : And tins leads metofpeakof the 
 Flumane kind, for wc can hardly call them Men. 
 
 The Inhabitants are of a T'awny Complexion, 
 whence ibnic derive the name of the Country, from 
 the ilcLicw Word Arab^ which lignifics UUck, : Others 
 derive liic name ''rom /Mi,:.'/, which in the fame 
 Language fignilies a T/ijV/' or H«l'l'tr, alluding to the 
 nature of the Men, who have in all .Xgcs been fo 
 adJidlcd to this Vice, that as Mr.rtin del i{lc 
 oM'ervcs, with the JeKt it was as ul"ual to call a 
 Thief an Ainbinn, as a Mci Jiunt a Cm.tAnhe, and 3 
 Mathcmr.ticitiH a ClmlH.ti'.n. They arc of mean Sta- 
 ture, Raw-boned, Feiuiniiie Voices, fwift as we have 
 faid of Foot, of no fct dwellings, except on the 
 Sea-Coalls, where Citicsand Towns arc filled ith z 
 more regular Generation, who cxcrcife Tr; anJ 
 carry on Traftick : But all the Inland Country is 
 void of fettled Habitations, the Men roving from 
 Place to Place, and llecping under Tents pitciied at 
 Night, where their Convenience or Plealure has led 
 them. In the middle Ages the Inhabitants (at leall 
 thofe of A'ltbi.t I'ctisr. ) bore the name of Sjia:(fnt, 
 from 5.1) )V! Defart and 5j/(;^c;i to inhabit, asfoinefay; 
 or more probably perhaps, from Smali a Thief So 
 Scalii^er in his Book de Emcud. Temp. Sarnccnii, (fays 
 he ) ivichiii Jicuntur r.b Eljar/tck, i. e. Jurfixoi t^/j^Xi- 
 yi, qucdr.ifhiiJvicietmt. A People of whom Amii- 
 }iii> MvccUinm ( an Author of the fourth Century ) 
 thus Writes. ' TheSjM^fH/ whom we are neither 
 ' to widi for our Friends nor Enemies, are a Mat- 
 ' tial People half naked, clad as far as the Groin 
 ' with painted Caflocks, ranging up and down on 
 ' Camels an>l fwift Horl'es, as well in Peace as in 
 ' trouMcfomc times. Not ufcd unto the Plough, 
 ' t") Plant Trees, or get their living by Tillage; 
 * they wander from one Place to another, without 
 ' Floufi; or Home, or any conftant Dwelling-Place, 
 ' or the Ufe of Laws ; nor can they long endure the 
 ' fame cither Air or Soil; the maiuier of their liv- 
 ' ing being always fliting like ravenous Kites, who 
 ' fnatch up a Prey in their flight, but never will 
 ' ra.-ry if time be required to carry it off. Their 
 ' Food is chiefly Vcnilon and Fowls which they 
 ' catch, or Milk and the Herbs they can meet with, 
 ' being ignorant of Corn and Wine. Their Wives 
 ' they only hire foi a time, who tho' for a fliew of 
 
 Matrimony, 
 
 I ' N . I 
 
 
 ^\i 
 
 . i 
 
 ',1. 
 
 I I 
 
 \hm 
 
 * t 
 
 
38 
 
 ARABIA. 
 
 1)1 ; 
 
 Matrimony, prefcnt their Husbands with a Spear 
 
 and a Tent, Part when they pleaff . Both Sexes are 
 
 ' mod extreamly given to Carnal Lufts, the Women 
 
 as rambling as the Men, iWarried in ore Place and 
 
 * brought to bed in another, and leave their Children 
 
 * where they fall, without more Care of them. 
 Thus far he, and for ought appears, thisCharader 
 exaiftly fuits them ftill, for all Travellers whofc Oc- 
 caGons lead them within their reach find them a ra- 
 pacious rude Rout, who come in Droves to Rob, 
 catch what they can, and flee aw:iy, and as he fays 
 like Kites or Wolves, fpare noihing that they can 
 carry off, nor fcruple murdering i liofe that oppofe 
 them. 
 
 But having thus thus (licwn the wotft of their 
 Charaifter, we muft to do them Juftice however al- 
 low that among the Civiliz'd Anibiam, have been 
 foun.l Men of molt ncutc Parts, and profound 
 Knowledge in Philofophy, Phylick, Aftroiiomy. and 
 Mathcmaticks : And thecomn.^n Arithmetical Cha- 
 radcrs ufed by us, are faid to be of their Inven- 
 tion, 
 
 The ^r.thick. Language is of large extent, for the 
 .I'chori-.n of Mahomet being written in it, has made 
 it the learned Language of the Turks, and therefore 
 raught in Schools throughout all their Dominions, 
 and fpokcn as t.i;;>i with us, by all the Men of Fa- 
 fhion 'mongthem. 
 
 Cbrijlianity was Preached here by St. Pnul, and 
 propagated for fome Ages ; but upon the Rife and 
 rrogrefs of Mahcmet's new Religion, it was ut- 
 terly exterminated, and the whole Country now ad- 
 here to that. 
 
 Ar-ibia was firft Peopled by Chus the Son of 
 C/mot, whofe Pofterity fpread themfelves over Wm- 
 bia-Petr,tit and Arr.bij.-1'elix, and creded many fc- 
 perate Governments. Afterwards, the Children of 
 Madiin, the Son of Ketum ; the Children of Ijh- 
 mael the Son of Abmhitm Iiy H/ig/ir ; the Children 
 of Am/ilek_ the Grandfon of Kfiii ; grew up to confi- 
 derablcNatiOn?, in the Arabia-Pctrsj. 
 
 The Mdditinitei ( who were a different Branch cf 
 the Family of Maditin, from that fpoken of in our 
 ac'ount o£ I'alcftitie) dwtlc in that part of Wrrt/'/.i 
 which joined to 'i'pjpt, and had prcfcrvcd the Wor- 
 fliip of the true God, when Mnja retired thither, 
 and married the Daughter of "Jctho their Prieft; 
 and therefore afforded the If'/tclitn all alTiftance 
 and fiicndlhip, when they palled thro' their Coun- 
 try in their flight from 'f^n/pt. Of tlirfe the Ks- 
 nitts mentioned in Scripture were a Branch. 
 
 The Am.ilckites were 3 great and powerful Na- 
 tion fcated on the back of Uum.cit, and Ihew'd them- 
 felvcs bitter Enemies to the IJnttita-, fetting up- 
 on them at Hcphedim in their paffjge to Cvunn, 
 where a remaikable Battle was fouuht, wherein 
 while Mofci held up his Hands to God, Iftiel pre- 
 vailed ; but when he let them fall Amnlck, pre- 
 vailed ; wherefore Aaron and Hiir flayed up his 
 Hands till the Evening, and the Amalrl^iiet were 
 defeated, F.xod. 17. For their Enmity to IJrarl, 
 doomed to Defolation by God ; and accordingly 
 King Saul was by Siimut! diredted to go againll 
 the Amalekjtct, and utterly deftroy them and tiicir 
 Children and Cattle ; which he performed in pati: 
 but brought their King ^gi'g alive, with which the 
 Lord was angry,- and caufed Samuel to hew him in 
 pieces, the particulars whereof fee, 1 Sayn. 1 5 . 
 
 The IJhmaclitet were a moft populous Nation, or 
 rathci II populous Nations, defccnded from the 
 
 Ser.'ii'c o. a 
 ;er \:k Death, 
 
 li SoiK 31 Ipmnd, which iprrsd thcmfclves ail 
 over Arabia. Some of whom were Merchants trad* 
 ing inio ■'P-^ft with Spices, Funkinccnfe, Balm 
 and other rich Goods of Arabia ; but iroft of them 
 were Thieves and Robbers, the Anccftors cf the 
 S'rtM^fn/ above mentioned, and like ihcm, aVaga. 
 bond Race of Men, whofe H/iid was agatrjl cier, 
 Man, and every Man t again]} t hew, according to 
 the prcJidion concerning Ifinacl, Gen. t6. la. 
 
 The Barrennefs of that part of Arabia, which a J- 
 joined to their Neighbours, whether on the liJc of 
 'f-gypt ani Idum.ea, as on the fide of Chaldea, may be 
 a reafon that it was never conquered, by thole great 
 Monarchies; for othcrwifc the Spices and Gums of 
 Arabia-Pelix, which they were all acquainted with 
 would undoubtedly have tempted them to polTcfs it.' 
 Accordingly we find Alexander intended itsConqueft 
 but was hindered by Death. And Augujlus fent an 
 Army thither out of ypgppt, but tlie he-.' of the 
 Air, and the Drought of the Soil fo incommoded 
 them, that they were forced to return after the firil 
 Defeat, And Co it flood under its own Government, 
 divided into many Kingdoms and States when AK,- 
 tnet firft appear'd, and by broaching a new Religion, 
 crciSed a new Monarchy. 
 
 M.t/wmit was a Perfon of obf urc Birtli and mean 
 Fortune, bur happening to get ii > tl- 
 wealthy Merchant of M'-.i, n 1' ; 
 into the favour of liis Mi;> .' < t^ to be ac- 
 
 cepted her fccond HiisbnirJ • ... . /umpt ir.to 
 arichKltatc, which for fom;. '.'cats •!'• continued tu 
 employ in Trade : He was illitcnvc. but Matter of 
 a fubtil Wit and afpiring Genius, and not fitisfied 
 with the good Fortune he had gain'd.would needs fct 
 himfelf at work to obtain Reputation by pretending 
 himfclf at firft to be a Prophet, which they fay he was 
 tempted to, by the Fits of tlie Falling Sicknefsh:was 
 fubjeft to, thefe Fits he pretended to be Tranfpotts, 
 wherein his Soul was carried to Heaven to Convctfe 
 with God. Scrgius a Monk who had been banillicd 
 his Country for the Nejtorian Herefy, becoming in- 
 timate with Mahcmct, and being Matter cf mere 
 Knowledge, was able fomewhat to cultivate the ve- 
 ry rude Fnthulialms which M.ihomct threw forth, 
 and both together I'ormcd a Religion, which conlift- 
 cd of ^'•cntitijm, Jiid.iijm, and Anian Chrij{ia>,lty 
 blended together ; for they t,iught that Mcfes was 
 a Prophet font by (iod, whom the Genf/Zfj ha\:r'.' 
 not received, nor the Jews obeyed, he fent .' '- 
 Cbriji the fccond and greater Prophet; but hi' ; \:- 
 Olrine being not duly received, Godhid -,. h: 
 his laft and grcateft Piophet Maho.Mt. I sv " 
 Mffes, he gained the Jev, and by granti, :, / 
 Chrijl to be a Prophet, which was alinoft as much , 
 the Wri .>Hj allow'd, he gave them content, and wiih- 
 al declaring peremptorily againft Images, he pleafed 
 the UonccUjIei ; which two Scdls of Chrijtiarj 
 
 having been driven out of the Homan Empire, vf. 
 pretty numerous in Arabia ; and I.aftly, by hi' ^0- 
 (ftrine of Polygamy and Promifes of fenffi' lyelights 
 in the future Sate, he captivated the '..oertines, i:.- 
 fbmuch that he foon found a greater number of 
 Believers than he could have expedled, Iiis good 
 Succcfs thus far, led him to proceed farther, and 
 therefore by another Doftrine he fet up f' • Power, 
 namely he enjoined all his Votaries 'r i . tagne 
 the Faith even by the Sword, and tb Ii 'ii.'.lofl 
 their Lives in that Service, a Promifc wa% , . .U' A 
 efpccial Beatitude in the other World. 1'i.e f>- 
 //r.irr/ of ^ac* ilarm'd at this bold Pretcndr-, etf- 
 
 4wvouicd 
 
ARAB I A. 
 
 1 J. ii.r 
 ■ ow-.''.-f 
 trantt. .; /■ 
 )ll as mucf' i', 
 nt, and wiih- 
 hc pleafed 
 of ChriJlU'H 
 ■mpire, v,'r„ 
 by hi'' ^o- 
 Ifi.i? Efdights 
 ocrtincs, v.- 
 number oi 
 I lis good 
 farilier, and 
 f--- Power, 
 'r I. tvai!^te 
 
 ;, •!i,.1o(i 
 
 WM^ . .' ' '' 
 1.'..- g'- 
 
 ewnd'T, ett- 
 icAvourca 
 
 dcavnv.rcJ to fcizc him ; but cfcmping by flight he 
 fettled at Mc.iin.j, and thcnr.e propogatcd his Do- 
 (flriiie, whii-h fprcad mod wondcrlully. At the 
 fame tine the Smai-nt having fervcd the Emperors 
 in thrir Wars, and been ill rewarded were a difgu- 
 ftcd rc'iple, and ready to joyn in any ProjeiSk for 
 Dominion ; thcfe fell in with Mnhmct, whofe Re- 
 ligion p.'e.iled them ; and fo made him Monarch of 
 Arabii:. His Government began yl.C. 611. and he 
 died Aw. 631. and was fucccededby Zl^nbes^n; 
 who took the Title of Caliph, which fignifies High- 
 Piielt as well as Prince, and reigned two Years ; 
 fuccccilcd by Hc.umur or Omnr, who added to his 
 Dominion I'cijU, ^"Fg^pt, PittejHnc, and part of Sy- 
 rin and Mefcpotatnia. Ofinnn who fuccc:ded him 
 added Br.rhny ; and brought the Empire to the high- 
 eft State that it arrived at in thar Succeflion : For 
 they began to fail into Diflention. Ilnly the Kinf- 
 man of Mnhomst claimed the Government, and in 
 the end obtained it, but was murdered after a (horc 
 Reign. Ofmnn's Heirs got again into the Throne, 
 and made fome Additions to their Dominions ; fo 
 that AJin-Miiior, Armenia and Mefopotamin, beddes 
 the Countries we have already mentioned, were all 
 fubjeflcd r.o\\\c ^tal:ometanSar/i^ciis within the fpace 
 of one Hundred Years. A wonderful and fwifc 
 Progrcfs ! But fiich as it pleafed God for the Sins of 
 theEaftcrn Empire to permit. 
 
 Md'cmce II. the twentieth Ca/i/>/i about A. D. 760. 
 removed the Scat of the Empire to Bagdnt. And 
 about an Hundred Years after, ^Egypt fet upaCo- 
 /iV) of its own, to whom the Arabians fubmitted. 
 But that Rare alter i»:<ving reigned for about 300 
 Years, were ouced by the T-'k.'. and thofe again by 
 the 'Vamalukti, who kept the Gov-rnmcnt about 
 150 Years ; till at laft /E^y^f and all the Dcminions 
 of that Cnlipl.', was finally fubjeClcd m the Turkjjh 
 f mpire by 5f/froHj I. Anno. 1517. 
 
 Concerning the Turl^s who have fo long {y.-^fTefTca 
 all the 5(1? <);;fH"s Empire, we Ihall fpeak of them 
 when we come to Turccmani/i, which was their ori- 
 ginal Country. 'Tis fufficient here to fay, that 
 they are eiadl Believers on Mahomet, and make their 
 Pilgtimagcs out of a Religious Zeal to this Country, 
 tovifit at Medina the Tomb of that pretended Pro- 
 phet, and pay their Devotions at Mecca his Birth- 
 place. 
 
 AR^ABl A is divided in Ancient Geography into 
 three large Parts, vi\. 
 
 ?? 
 
 Al^AUlA DESEI{TA, which is the moft 
 
 Northern Part. 
 Al{ABlA P£T/?./E.4, theEafternPart, and 
 AI^ABIA FOELIX, which was by much the 
 
 largeft Part, polfefled all the South. 
 In its Prefent State the DESE i^T A, is little re- 
 garded by the Twk', but poffelTed by divers Princes 
 paying Tribute to the Pon : Of thefc the Chief are. 
 The Principality of Anna, which is the moft 
 North lying between the River Euphrates on theEaft, 
 and Syria on the Weft and North. 
 
 The Principality of Argia, a Midland Country 
 lying Weft from Br.JJTora. 
 
 The Principality of Chr.vlbeda, extending from the 
 Mouth of Euplirates Weftward near joo Miles. 
 
 Arabia PETl{^^'EA, is immediately under the 
 Government of the Turl(j by a Beglerbeg, who re- 
 fides at Bofra, whence 'tis call'd the Begletbegate of 
 Bo/ia Or Bufereth. 
 
 Arabia FOELIX, is divided into many Princi- 
 palities, vi^. The Principality of Mecca, which is 
 fometimes reckoned pan of the Petraa : And lies a- 
 long the Coaft of the l{ed-Sea. 
 
 The Principality ot Saha, next adjoining to' 
 Mecca on the South, extending alfo on the fameSea-i 
 Coaft. 
 
 The Principality of Mocha, poffefling the Cape of 
 Land, which makes the Straight of Bnbei-Mandel^ 
 at the Mouth of the Hed-Sea. 
 
 The Principality of Xael or Hadramut, lying a- 
 long the Coaft of the Ocean or Arabiaii'Sea. 
 
 The Principality of Seger or Alibanali, upon the 
 fame Sea more Eaftward. 
 
 The Principality of Jemini on the fame Sea- Coaft 
 to the Cape, and back into the Gulph of Ormus. 
 
 Vodanc Principality, lies on the Coaft of the 
 Gulph of Ormus, and the Sinus Perfims. 
 
 The Principality of Mafcalat, lies on the Weft of 
 Vodane, along the Coaft of the Gulf of Bajfora or 
 Sinus I'erjjcus. 
 
 The Principality of Bahraim or Gerrhemte, pof- 
 feffcs the reft of the Coaft of the Perfian Gulph. 
 
 Thefe are the Countries that lie on the Coafts, and 
 fo are frequently vifited by Euiopean Traders. 
 
 But the Within-I.and Country, which compre- 
 hends many large Principalities, the Names of fome 
 whereof are Jamana, Higgia^, Tehama, Oman and 
 Fortachi : are little known, 
 
 ARABIA 
 
 ( > 
 
 i-m 
 
 If Mil 
 
 MWA 
 
 '! 'i\ 
 
 m 
 
 (■].' :f\\ 
 
 '!■ \ 
 
 'r.lH 
 
 n:i ;,u 
 
J 
 
 40 
 
 ARABIA. 
 
 I 
 
 if, 
 
 CJB. CA.SK.1 
 
 
 
 D^f^p^ Caspian 
 
 -P. or Gh.i;.,j- 
 
 T^R TART 
 
 4u/va Am a f I iL*^i—^i ^J 1 ^ ^ 
 
 J-V 
 
 
 »;e?S!sr 
 
 -^2??»inl 
 
 SXA 
 
 9 
 
 .M*v«^'; 
 
 
 Canoia 
 .U jc n r r j: r> 
 
 •itAmN 
 
 HA^Ji^aJ -^ ."-'-". >4i e'"""- 
 
 J "> \—wl,-T I - - »■ ^»Ut ( ^irf-"-' '^ T)efait» of jSU)i«//<7/vt 
 
 B a . c a . X , v)pt T^^j^^^^^^^w^^^^^J 
 
 \.,;hr,!j Jit ^ 15,^^. 
 
 T U 
 
 R 
 
 in 
 
 IC Y 
 
 A 
 
 S I 
 
 A . 
 
 O 1 X 
 
 ■i— ♦ -1 
 
 '^z=LJ 
 
 
 />/^rtf<J 
 
 
 irLik 
 I. jrPtet 
 
 
 l- •*► «*- » ■L'Hp^i^ — r!>^i*^ A ^a*-** 
 ^J'A'ifAalbV a. 
 
 
 . R.i: 
 
 *.'. ^/ JPonti 
 
 
 '^rAcA 
 
 
 
 ARABIA DESERTA Comprehends; 
 
 CbiefCities. 
 
 Tic PriHcif»Hty\Mefehtid.Vrfinf 
 c/ Anna. ^SMwi/c4i'>c» 
 CT:t4mm4. 
 
 ^A-M I^AV'*^''^^ '»■-'•'«'■* 
 
 
 ■k .Uti^^r^ 
 
 
 ^^jT A R A. R 1 A. N 
 
 5£-A 
 
 "iSjir.tits .'/■ MuitlmanJti 
 
 
 .y| 7.-1 7/1 
 
 ■f.'l 
 
 Tie prineiftlity^Tangia, 
 efOavibeiiSMegiara, 
 lAterah, 
 
 AigU 
 trinuf. 
 
 ' Farat, 
 ThdaUiit', 
 ' |}i4r AliMtun. 
 
 ARABIA PETRiEA. 
 
 Tafri/c, 
 
 The BeM,g4te\ 
 
 flrBuffcnm. I ^^/j4,ot, 
 
 • ' I KjtdfjhBtmen, 
 
 ARABIA 
 
ARABIA. 
 
 41 
 
 ARABIA FOELIX Containing on the 
 Sea-G>afh. 
 
 ( Mecca, 
 
 Pr,neljnlity ^JMedinit, 
 Mecca. fTarif, 
 
 s.AlgiarotEgrt, 
 
 i^^ibet, 
 Dhafar or Tacftb, 
 Almachnrana, 
 SHen-Gkdda. 
 
 (Mocha, 
 
 lAochlKjngd.K/lden, 
 
 (Lagbl. 
 
 Xaeli or i^ael, 
 Hadrainut.c0<i//4f. 
 
 Alibanelly.//4/i/>4n(^/, 
 or Seger. ^Gutleibamim. 
 
 (Calhat or 
 
 Jeman PrincifxQuelhat, 
 
 l,Mafcate. 
 
 MafcitUt, 
 '" Maftale.SN«^a«, 
 
 CSuchula, 
 
 Bahrai 
 
 or 
 Gerrhen, 
 
 -. Elcatif, 
 ,im\ Laffach 01 
 
 jLabfa, 
 ttt. J Abje, 
 
 .. Bifi/i. 
 In the Mid-land. 
 
 tjamama, 
 Jamama. ichadaio, 
 ^Tima. 
 
 (Cafailo, 
 ' '" Higgiaz.<B4f«-N/i^c/, 
 .^.^ (,Cai^-/ilmanJel. 
 
 Tchama.|J;^j;' 
 
 f Farljch, 
 Faitachi J Mahri, 
 \Ncgram, 
 
 oman.ir:^:'^"'. 
 
 To Proceed now to the Particular Defcription of 
 diabiii. 
 
 Al{ABIA DESBI{TA, called by the Turk; 
 Bcrii Arbiftan Or Beriara, is bounded on tSic Z^A 
 with Diitrbtck or Uefopotamia ; on the Weft, with Pa- 
 lijiine and Arabia Petraa,on the North with Pulmyrena 
 or part of $;r/ii } and on the South by Arabia t'ctlix. 
 
 It has its Name from the vaft fandy Defart* 
 whereof it confifts, thro' which thofe that! ravel 
 muft carry their Provifions, and be guided as at Sea 
 by the Stars or Mariners Compafs. A Countrey 
 (faith Giiilandittus Melchior, who Travelled thro' it j) 
 where are found neither Men nor Beads, Birds or 
 Trees, Grafs or Pafture, and nothing to be feen but 
 rowling Sands or craggy Mountains : But the Land 
 on the Eaft, which lies along the Banks of ihe Eu- 
 fbrates is a better Soil, and affords Piflnts and Food 
 to the Inhabitants of divers Towns feated in that 
 Part. , 
 
 This Country was fitft inhabited by the Pofterity 
 of Hu:{ the Son of Nuc/'or, and the Sons of Abraham 
 by Kjturith, 'twas the Country whcie Job dwelt, 
 and the Land whence the Wife Men came to Wor- 
 fliip Ciri/? ; the Proofs whereof would be too large 
 to be put down here : Thofe tliat dcfire them, may 
 confult Frid. Sfanlieim's Hiftory of Job, where it is 
 largely Ihewn, 
 
 The Barrennefs of the Ground is a Proteflion to 
 the Princes of it ; for the Grand Seignior fets no 
 value upon thefe Defarts, and the Towns are but 
 few. The Chief arc, : 
 
 Anna, a large well built Town, the Capital ot 
 this Part of Arabia, and formerly a famous Mart, 
 now not much frequented ; it (lands on the River 
 Euphrates, in a fruitful and pleafaiit Soil, in the 
 North limits of this Province, and near the Fron- 
 tiers of Diarbcck., Lar. 35. D. Mejcheid-Vrfin, 60 
 Miles South from Anna. Sumifcabac, fcatcd more tfi 
 the Weft neariheFrontiersof Ambia Pffr.M.fiippotcd 
 by Melchior to be the ancient Sab^, iheCity of the 5/;- 
 i«<im who pillaged Joi.and who were the Defcendants 
 of Shcbit, the Grandfon of Abraham by Ksturith. 
 Tfamma, on the South Frontiers of the Principality 
 of Anna, in the Lac. 31. And in the Mid-land 
 . Argia, which gives name to a Principality, is a 
 fmall Town 70 Miles diftant from the River F.u- 
 fhrntes to the Weft, in or near the fame Latitude 
 with Bal/orit. Faara, ftands within 60 Miles more 
 Weft. JUaaden ot Noera, feated alfo 70 or 80 Miles 
 more Weftward. Thaalabia, near the Mountains 
 that divide Petrtu from the Dcfirrta. Aladi and Ohat- 
 Aliamitt, more South; are the chief Towns of this 
 Principality. 
 
 Chavebida, a fmall Town which alfo gives Name 
 to a Prince, whofc other chief Towns arc Tangia, 
 Ategiara and Merah, all feated within Land, and fo 
 unknown but by Name; they all lie in the latitudes 
 of 28 to 30 D. 
 
 A[{,ABIA PETli^A, now called Dafi-lll(_ 
 Arabijlitn, or Barraab and Bathnlnbah, but more 
 generally the Bcglerbegate of l^ifia ; hath for its 
 Bounds on the Eaft Arabia OfJ.'rta ; on the Weft 
 the Rfd-Sea, and the Ijthnus of ''Kgypt ; on the 
 North Palejiine ; and on the South Arabia Falix. 
 
 The Soil too much like the former, but in fomc- 
 meafure better cultivnied and more Travelled thro' 
 on account of Trade. The Deftrts of Sin and PA<^- 
 raan or Paran, wherein the IJraelitei wandered fo 
 long, lay vvithin the limits of this Province. The 
 chief Towns are, 
 
 Bofra or Bufferitli, feated in Midland Lat. 32. in 
 the back of Palfftine, about 150 Miles Eaft from the 
 Lake of Galilee, it Was repaired by Augujlm Cijar, and 
 made a Colony of Upt^ians by Alexander Severus ; an 
 ancient City mentioned by Mof:s, Gen. 56. 35 
 Under the Turkj, as it had been under the l{_''mani, 
 made the Metiopolit of this Country, and the S«ai 
 
 of 
 
 ''Hi; 
 
 
 I'i^i' 
 
 M 
 
 ^,fv:% 
 
 LM 
 
 'im 
 
 W 
 
 JM 
 
 *i!iC 
 
 ff 
 
 1:! 
 
V 
 
 grl 
 
 4^ 
 
 ARABIA. 
 
 of ihe Beglcibeg. 'Value, far inpn: South, in 
 the lat. JO D. //cru, about loo Miles mote to 
 ihe Weft, and about 50 Suuth from t|ie Shoai of the 
 Dead-Sea. And Her/it wliic)) was (he ancimii i'ctr.i, 
 the Capital of the Country, feated nioic \yi;ttwaj^d 
 in Lat. £9. and loo Miles dirc($ $outh ircup HeLiou, 
 * City of great Note and Streng^ih in forijiej tirncq, 
 when it was called Sila and lcck}itel and oftcp mep- 
 tioneU in Scripture, particularly 3 ^.tn^J 14. when 
 Am/i:{iah took it. It long reliltcd ilie ^mans, and 
 t(ir its impregnable Strength, tifeJ by ]the Soldnnt of 
 A-.jijpt, as the repofitory for their ticheft Trealurct. 
 Other Places mentioned in Scripture, fuppqfed tu 
 be in this Province are Swr, near th? Hed-Seti, ilje 
 6rft encampment of Ifrael, hjadian, th? City of 
 Jctbro, whofc Daughter M<fis marjjecj. l{e»baim, 
 where the A)ii,:lekjtci were de&ajcd. I^adepo-bnrt^c*, 
 the Station of Ijiad when the Spies were fent to 
 difcovcrthc Land of Can/tan. Jhar/i, where ili.o'al,; 
 Dathf.n and Abiiam mutinied and wcr^ puijilhcd t)v 
 tiod. Lalliy, ti.e two Mounts Sinai jnd Btreb 
 flood in the limits of this Province, in tlie V»?.ft Vvt 
 at the head of the R^d-Se:t. 
 
 Situi, is cjcttcam high but of eafie afcepr, it is 
 call'd by the Arabians Cilhol-Mtuja, i\m is, MrJfJ 
 Mountain. At the Foot of it it a fair well built Co^l- 
 vent fuiToundcd wiihftrong V^alls, from wbeijce the 
 alcent was cut in Steps in the Rock, by the diredion 
 of the llmprcK Helena quite to the top. The Monks 
 pretend to (hew Pilgrims the very Place where 
 \Hes abode the 40 Days, and where he re(;eived the 
 Tables of the Law. Oni the top o( the Mountain 
 are two Churches, one for the Greeks, and another 
 for the Latines, and in the afccnt rnany Cells anj 
 little Chapels, where formerly Monks and Hermits 
 abode to the number of 14000, as report informed 
 Ttievenot, but when he was there they were empty, 
 being drivtin thence by ihe Arabians : The Names of 
 thofe Chapels are enumerated by that Author, vyho 
 alfo tells us that the number of Steps which lead 
 from the Convent to the top of the Mount, were 
 1 40C0 before tiiey were damag'd, many now being 
 broken, but thofe that remain are well made andoT 
 eafie afcent From this number of -Steps, a judg- 
 ment may be made of the heighth. of the Mount- 
 
 Horeb, where God appeared to Mcfes in a buriung 
 Bufh, is but a little diftant from SiWi, and not near 
 lo high, it has alfo X Church and Mopaftry upon it, 
 whofe Friars are Hofpitibic to Stringers, and lliew 
 where the IJraeliies worfliipped the Golden-Calf. 
 
 AI{A HI A FOE LIX, called Jcman or Hayaijtian 
 by the Inhabitants, lies on the South of the two Ara- 
 iiirt'i Dejena and Pet ma, furrounded on all other 
 jidcs by the Sea j that is to fay, the Htd-Sea on the 
 Weft, theGulphof Pf(/;<iandOcwi/;on theEaft, and 
 the Ocean or Arabian-Sea on the South. A Country 
 fo vaftly large, as to be reckoned 3000 Miles in cir- 
 cumfeniicc, extending from the 14th. tp the 17th. 
 Degree of Latitude. 
 
 Its Name implies a great Felicity, and by the An- 
 cients it was rcprefented as one of the moft fertile 
 and delicious Lands in the World; but either they 
 took their Reports upon truft, or the Soil is NVonder- 
 fuJy altered ; for at this time none of that fcsundi- 
 ty appears. The Mid-iand being all Sandy, Moun- 
 raino'.is. Dry and Barren : So that near the Sca- 
 Coarts, and on the Banks of the few Rivers only, 
 can any Praife at all be beftowed on its SotJ. Tis 
 true 'tis by much the moft fruitful part of Arabia, 
 arid fo comparatively with the reft, it mny bq called 
 
 H.!/'/7 ; and withil its PioJuds are excccdiiiij vaiuj 
 bic, as Ftar^ijucnje, peculiar to this Country, 
 Myrrh, Odorifetous Pianis of various kinds; which 
 to the Ancients who knew not the way to /»;,/,.,^ 
 might rightly enough ei)d«fr this Countrcy lu thcrn, 
 And in fuch cfteein it \yas, cypx fp \^ as Amimu! 
 MarctUiriut'i time, that ^ic give^j iii this delicicus 
 Charaflcr of «. ' 'I'hie hjppy Arabians, lb called 
 ' becaulc fo rich in Corn as well as plenteous in Cattle, 
 ' Vines.andoiloriferousSpicesofail kinJs.Soaci]iiamt- 
 ' ed with all Bkirmg?,yvhicli eiibetEleiiicut can arturj, 
 ' well fiiriiifhed with Ruads ami quici Hajbours ici 
 * Shipj'ing, the Towiisof Trade and MertliaiiJi2e 
 ' ftamiinp verythiik. Befidesmuft wholclome Foii: 
 ' tains of McdicmalVVatcts.they enjoy divers liiooks 
 ' andRivcrs very dear and pure, andaTcmperatiite 
 ' of Air exceeding hcahhy : put if ihe reft ofiiisCha- 
 rafter may be judged of by this lall Article, whdi he 
 fays muft go for nothing ; the Air cannot liavc been 
 other than what it is, ar}d how any Man can ap- 
 plaud the temperature of the Air of that Country, 
 of which two Third Parts lie within the Tropick, 
 I do not underfland. What be fays of its Havens 
 and Towns of Trade, might indeed be true then, 
 but is not fo now ; the Hea-Sea was very much fre- 
 quented by Merchant Ships, before the Cape of 
 Good-Hope inA Palfagethat way to India was knows ; 
 and Arabia was the Market where the GodJs (t 
 India and Cinna, and all the Ealtern lllands wrrc 
 fold to the Merchants of ^-Wt and Kr.rLai r, who 
 brought them ovci Land to Grand Cairo, and other 
 Ports in the Mediterranean, where the Unilan, airf 
 other Emopcan Mci'chants ufed to buy tlicni. lint 
 now that the Goods of India zxv^ Pofia, are brouglit 
 diredfly by Sea, and the Commodities of ArrbU^K 
 lefs ufeful to us than formerly, Ewcpan Traftick thi- 
 ther is but fmall. 
 
 Of this Part, of Anbia^tiit^ Graud-Seiqnior is r.oi 
 Matter, fomc of ilie Princes indeed are Fcudatarics, 
 but 'tis only liime Ciii^; and fmall Provinces that he 
 is immediate I oid of. 
 
 Ve have me niioned the fcveral Principalities i. 
 ready, we thill pal's thro' then, and ihcw the 
 Reader as many ot 'the Cities and chief '1 owns, as 
 we could get information of by confiilting the l\ii 
 Travellers and Geogpphers. 
 
 MECCA, a Country, of about 500 Miles exrcnt 1 
 Jong the Shoar of the R^d-Sea, takes its name iroin 
 the City Meica, the Pla^e where Mafomt tirll 
 broached his falfeRehgion.and isgnvcrn'd by a I'riiKe 
 called the Emir of Mecca, And lies next aUiouiing 
 to the Ai.zbi-t Petixa, which we laft came from, and 
 whereof it is by fome Geographers reckoned part. 
 The chief Places are, 
 
 Mecca, feated in tatit. 23. about 60 Miles from 
 theCoaftof t.\\t l{ed-Sea, No Cisriflian is peimittcd 
 to come into it ; but the Turkj inform us, tis a moll 
 wealthy an;l populous City, being the grand Staple 
 of Trade for the Commodities if this Country, 
 ■i^gjipt, Perfia, India, Cc Three Caravans ainvc 
 yearly from India, Danafcus, MtdGrand-Caiu. with 
 whom vaft numbers of Pilgrims, conftantly rel'ort 
 hither to pay their Devotions ; every Mufulmaii 
 being bound once in his Life-time either by himlelf 
 or Proxy, to Vifit Mecca and Medina, cfpcciaily 
 Aiecca to pay tlieii Devotions at ihe Kjaabe or B)tul- 
 lah, i. e. Houfi cf Gcd, which is a fmall fii^aie 
 Houfe I s foot long, 1 3 foot broad and about 30 loci 
 high, whichftandsin themiiidleof ihe Town, .iiiJ 
 IS belitvcd by ths'Imk.' to have been, built by the 
 
 Patriar.'h 
 
A R A B I A. 
 
 4^ 
 
 l',itnari.h AhiAl\tni, it is girt round wiih two Bi-!ts 
 vi GolJ, one low and the other toward tiic top, the 
 Door is cf Silvtr, ami a (iolden Spout carries the 
 Water off its top, the Walls arc conftantly cover'd 
 with Hanpiiips (.f Silk, and a Court round it cnclof- 
 cJ with Walls and bc.iiitilicd with Columns and 
 Arches, fcrves tor the performance of Dcvoiions; 
 the Houfe ir felf being opened only on the I{a»i^ila», 
 and othtr folemn Feftiv.iis {'I.e. mot). Notwith- 
 ftatiiiirp the coniiTion Opniioii that the Pilgrims, 
 come ii-.ro thcfe I'arts, chieHy to vifit the Tomb of 
 Mthv :r, Mr. 'I'hevctiit teils us that is a vulgar Error, 
 for 'tb '.le Kjnalc that their I^w obliges every Mu- 
 fiilm.iM to make his Devotions at once in his Life 
 '.imc.aiiJmany having performed theirUcvoirs there, 
 return without vifulng the Tomb. This contri- 
 I'utcs much to the \\\akh of the Plare, which con- 
 tains about ficQO tamihes. It is not walled rOund, 
 and therefore they fay C/»<//iV;r;j are forbid to come 
 witliin five Miles of it, leaf! in the Crowd of Vi(i- 
 tants, the Mofijue be prophaned or its Wealth finlcn ; 
 fir in nicTiiory of their Frophet, who as we have 
 faid, lived and firft broach'd his Religion ht re ; there 
 isamoftCjlorious Mofque ercdled, accounted the 
 moft (lately in the World, its Roof riling in a lofty 
 Cupola is richly gilded, and th.- twoTowtrs at the 
 ends, are of exceeding heighth and curious Archi- 
 tcftiirc, it is laid to have an luincired Gates, and as 
 many Windows, and is adorned within fide with 
 moll colUy Gildings, and the richeft Tapeftries. So 
 Stcfil a Soil is this Countrcy, even at no farther di- 
 rtance from the Sea, that they ha^e no Water in 
 ■Wfii- 1, but what they catch ol Rain, or fetch from 
 other I'laccs. 
 
 .V'."i(n,i, called A/f.//«.j T.ilinabi, i. e. the City of 
 [he Prophet, the Place whither hUli,met retired 
 when driven from Meccn by the Magiflrates, and 
 where he was buried, itands 240 Miles North from 
 iUccd, about 80 Miles from the Coaft of the l{ed- 
 ^!f; upon the River Laakic ; formerly named Jnerih, 
 I'V fomc fuppofed to be the Hirtli-place of Mahomet, 
 and then a fmall Village, which he fortified and 
 Mde his Seat, while he fpread his Religion and 
 ' Authority abroad. Now grown up into a large and 
 wvalthy City, whither Pilgrims reiort from all parts 
 0! the T:nk.i Uominions to view the Sepulchre of 
 .VfiwK.rf, which, not hanging in an Iron Coffin, 
 fufpcndi'd by the force of a Magnet at top, as was 
 ol old tinu's repotted, Hands within an Iron Grate, 
 ovcrcJ with a green Velvet Pall, fent annually by 
 '.iie Grand -Seignior, the old one being cut into fmall 
 ■shreds, and fold for Rclicks, in a Mofque of molt 
 ma'^nitiv-ent and fumptiunis Strudnre, being Itipported 
 hy 4c;> Pillars, and enlighriied with ;oo Siher 
 I ail ps continually burning. The Toirb has a rich 
 'iiioroidercd Canopy over ir, but is of its felf cf no 
 Magnilirciice or Heautv. The Tcwn Hands in a 
 I'lncn Plain, ar fome diftance frcm two Mountains, 
 namely 0,'/i(H on the North, and ///i on the South. 
 .(^Mi- or lil<,iii, upon the Coalts of the l{cl-Se/!, is 
 'he Port to Mctiin/i. T.vif, a populous Town 100 
 •Miles diftant from Mcc'.im to the talV, fca'cd upon 
 Moimt V,hn:^ua)i, whi h is the coohft Air and iiicfl 
 fcrtile of j^.ilid, abounding with Fruits, and furni- 
 ':ies McMnj with great part of its Suftcnaiice. 
 
 SMin. T^iilcii or Siil.lc Gio.Uu, fcatcd on ihc I{e<l- 
 Jf'i about 60 Miles South-welt from Mrcci, is the 
 Port to thar Cirv ; and therefore a place of Trade 
 «nJ leforr. Weakhv and well built. 
 
 Dhafdr Or Tnc/W', ihe Capital of that Uivilioh a' 
 Arnbifi, call'd TEH AM. I in the old Maps, abqut 60 
 ftdiles from the [{"•'-'iai, in the Mid way bctwceii 
 .fi'./cn and ^ihci, Lar. 18 I), -jo m. near the mouiti 
 of the River K/i/;;;j>ni is alfo a Place of Trade , 
 either this or •\''/'ef was the ancient .V/W'-j, fur Anihurs 
 dirt'er, of which this Defcripiion is given by ancient 
 Writers, namely, chat it was fcatcd on a Mountain, 
 the molt beautiful of all .irr.ti.', rich in iheexcel- 
 lencies of Nature, cfpecially in Frankinceule, a (iuiii 
 peculiar to them only, and growing in a Wood of 
 I to Miles long in its Neighbouvhood. 
 
 The Principality of XJHiy or .sV/JiW, fuppofed to 
 be the Country of the v.i/mvi),;, whofe Queen came 
 to vifit iiohmov, lies on the South of Mc.cn ami i'e- 
 liitma, ftietch'd along ihe Coalts of the l\cd-Se,i a.- 
 bove 400 Miles in length. A Country remarkable 
 rich in Balm, Myrrh, Callia, Manna, and cfrieciallv 
 Frankinccnfe, the belt whereof m the whole World, 
 being here produced in a Word of 10 Miles ioi;j, 
 of almoft only that Tice which yields ir, gHthcrej 
 Spring and Autumn, and fold to all Nation'.. The 
 chief Cities arc, 
 
 .^fB^;Tor S;fl/.;T,thcMctropoIis of the I'rincipalicv 
 to which it gives name, and a molt ricli .uid pt rii- 
 loiis City feated in the 16 LV'^^rcc if North Lati- 
 tude about 50 Miles from tl:e i.aiksof t'.-,i- K'.l-S\i. 
 This is the grcatefl Mart in t:'i- ^\'orlii for l-riiikin 
 ccnlc, A^yrrh, and thecthir ruli Dngsofihis 1 aiul ; 
 and iherel'ore afpircd toby the liok.. w|ii> took it 
 about 1 00 Years ago, but lolt it afjain, and for ; ught 
 appears, 'tis now fubji'V ru its ..wn Piiiice. 
 
 TheKingdomof mOCII.i, ad|oins to Srl.i on the 
 South; extending Southward to the Straii;h:s of ii.t- 
 bct-mandcl, which is the Mouth of the /<;.:'- V.-.^, and 
 reaching Eaftward along the Coilts of the Ai^h^u.- 
 Sex about 550 Miles, comprih'ng therein Adtn and 
 Lnghi. Wherein (land 
 
 \enon, feated iSo Miles North North-weft from 
 Moda ; a confiderable Ciiy as large as Bijlol 
 (fays Sir. H. Middicton ) the Place of Relidence of 
 the Tiirki/h Br.ffi:, and ftrongly built, but partly of 
 Stone. The Wall about it is of Earth, but (trenpth- 
 nej with Turrets in every part, and is a good De- 
 fence to the City. There are alio two Caltles, one 
 to the North on a Hi'! which overlooks titc Town, 
 and defends It from the wild Ar.bii-.m, and anotlict 
 on the Halt (idc, which is the Palfa's Pala:e, and cn- 
 clofed with feveral Walls ard Batteries. Th'' City 
 ftaiids upon the Coaft of the l{rd-Sca in a iton* 
 Valley, and has no fVi 111 Water but what is fciclied 
 out of Wells, and withal, Wooi! ts very Icarce al- 
 tho' the Winter be extreani cold 
 
 D.tm.xrc, 40 Miles from Z^'n.^n, .i iv«^ll built Town 
 of five different Parts which Hand diltinCt, feated in 
 a fruitful Plain, with V^atcrand alllcrts of Grain 
 in good pknry ; and is therefore a Store-hoiifc for all 
 the neighbouring Places. 
 
 I'ityei or Tea, a good City funoundcd with a nuid 
 Wall, and guarded by a ilrong Caftic on the tcip of 
 a Hill. I'.ufrr.!, a little Town where an Ai.ilim 
 Saint is buried, and is vifited by great nuirbers of 
 fuperflitious Pilgrims. Monfn, a Town not great 
 but populous, about a Days Journey from Mocha ; 
 the Country about it yields Indico. All thcfc Towns 
 lie between ^^encn and Mcchu, ard were paifed thro' 
 by Sir Hen. Middlctcn, in the Year : 610. who tells 
 us, the Tiirh arc Maftcrs cf the Maritime Towns 
 and the flat Country, but the Air.bians maintain ihcic 
 own Jurisdi(ftion in the Hills. 
 
 G 1 flIOCHA,- 
 
 I 
 
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 rVRKY in ASIA. 
 
 
 MOCIIA Afol.'H, or MelcihU-Snherdu, is a large 
 and populous City fcaicdat the entrance of ihc%i/- 
 Sfj, in I J Deg. and halt North latitude. About 
 150 Ytars ago, i: was according to B-iUcui, no 
 more that! a Village inhabited by Filheimcn ; biic 
 fo early as 1610. Sir lltn. Mitidlctcn licUrthtshM 
 .1 rich and populous I'lace, about a lixth Part fo bijj 
 as ^e>,.iii, which ai we have faid is equal to lirijloi. 
 It Itands in a fait, fandy, barren Soil, dofc by the 
 Sea (idt, deltitutc of Walls, but guarded by a Callle 
 boilt of Stone by the 'l'wkt\n 1611. on the Sea (ide. 
 'I he Street j are large neat and clean ; the Houfcsof 
 Brick or S:one two Stories high, with flat Roofs and 
 Terrains at top, where thiy arc rcirelhcd in the 
 Night, after tlie fcorching Heat v/hich commonly 
 rages in the day-time : The Shops arc well con- 
 I rived a-Kl furnillied with all ufeful Commodities, the 
 Town being a Place of very great Trade, whereof 
 h.iUUw in his InJittit 'l'ra\eis gives us this account, 
 taken from the reports of the Ships trading annually 
 between hiilin and Mxhn ; he fays that numerous Ca- 
 ravans arrive here Annually from Twi/jc; and -iig^/if, 
 alfo ihe (;rcat Ship Miwjvuri fent by the 'link-P' Sul- 
 tan, arrives yearly in Sefttmlur with a vaft Cargo of 
 the richcft i.urcpctin Gcods, and carries back the re- 
 turns in Spices, Calico's, and other /wi/jn Goods : 
 The Ships from di\ersPartsof Indiit, that ufcd to un- 
 Jadc at .Ueti, do likcvvife come hither to meet the 
 Caravans ; All which mull needs render the Place 
 exceeding Populous, as mi clTctil it is, at Icaft one 
 half of the Ytar, 'J:^. from M.nch to Scftember, which 
 is the time cf Trade ; and the numtcr of Houfes 
 inuft alfo be much cnctealcd, fo that we iray believe 
 Bni'Uiis, who calls it a large City, and ore of the 
 chiefcft Places of Trade on all that Coaft. Baudraud 
 and other Geographers, reckon this City fubjcCf to 
 its own King, and yet Sir Hen. MidJlcton in 16I0. 
 and BitldsKs ill 1660. delare it fubjed to the '/'/j/t- 
 The chief Commodity our Ships fetch hence is 
 Coffee, which grows in the neighbouring Couiv- 
 try, and no where elfe that wc know of, except 
 a baftatd fort at the Cape. This Drug which is 
 now fo much ia ufe, was unknown to the molt 
 learned BotaniAs that have written. Pro/per jllpi- 
 vtii is the firft that mentions and gives a Cutt of 
 it, but both he and Mr. i^/!> fpeak of it imperfect- 
 ly : But thofe excellent Naturalifts Dr. Slo/ine 
 and Mr. Pcttivur, have by the hands of Purfers and 
 Supergargo'sof Ships trading thither, procured Spe- 
 cimens of the Plant it felf ; the former has a Branch 
 of the Tree with the Berries and Leaf on it, and 
 the latter has the Leaf and the Berry in its natural 
 State. By thefe two Gentlemen, I am informed that 
 that the Plant is a fmall Tree like a Bay, with a 
 Leaf of that form, producing Berries which grow at 
 the bottom of the I^af upon a fhort Stalk, two or 
 three in a Chiftcr, each coated with a Husk, which 
 opened ihews a double Kernel ; for the Grain we 
 fee, is but the moiety of what grows in the fame 
 husk. The Tree is about feven or cjaht foot high, 
 and grows plentifully in the Inland Gentry, in the 
 Province called Jitmav, which lies on the North- 
 eaftof Mochf., vide I'hibf. TiAnfaih K°, I08. 
 
 Lihii/, feared on the l\,-t;-Scii, in the Lat. 14 D. 
 50 m. is a City fortified with four found Baftions, 
 and adorned with three Temples, reckoned one of 
 the chief Places of Trade in thofe Parts,as the EngHfl} 
 have found by Experience, fays BalJ4iii, 
 
 WOKN, felted on the ///<ji;.)B-SM, 70 Leagues Euil 
 from the Straights of Bi-.l/el-t/iandc.', Lat. 1 4 D. is a 
 large and Populous City, faid to coniain 6^^j 
 Houfes, or as others pcihaps with nioie trutli, 
 6000 Inhabitants. It has a large Haven, ul.ich is 
 much frequented, and the City is reckoned the faucll 
 of /Jr,i/'/j, well fortified both by Art and Naturi', 
 and a Place of very great Trade, being the Centre 
 between the PcrjUn-XicIf and the Hcd-Sc.i, but us 
 faid the Trade is removed to Mochir. It was taken 
 by the Turlu in the Year r.^S. but for.n rccovcredby 
 the /ii,il/iant, aiKl put under the Pntccfionc f iln; 
 King of MoJj.t. This is fiippofed to fce llic Huixc 
 of I'tuhmy, or by others railier the faiuoii', liiiijuiy 
 Aftil'i.1 of the lame Author. It was fomciiine ilii; 
 Capital of a Kingdom to which it gave Name, aiii 
 the ancii'iit Scat ti' the People Homo it. t. Sir //■), 
 'Wddlctoti's account of jidoi when he was there m 
 161c. is thus, 'I'll- City ftands in a bottom under the 
 covert of a Mountain ; 'tis encompaU'cd uiili a 
 Stone Wall defended in many Places 'vith Fons and 
 Bulwarks ; it may I'eein indeed to lie open tu the Sea- 
 ward, being quite dry at low Water, but tl.ti 
 Nature and Art have both concurred to keep out tic 
 Danger, for there are two vaft Rocks, fo cragpy ib 
 not to be afcended but in one narrow Path, ar.l 
 round about them are crcdfed I'oits and liar., 
 rics of good Strength, and well furnillied with .\t- 
 tiUeryand .Ammunition. The City is fupjlied vvitii 
 Provilions, as well from the oppofite Coalts of 
 Afiica, as from the neighbouring Country in .; : if., 
 to which purpofe they keep conltant correlpon,!. ice 
 with the Town of Br.iiom on the /ifiicr.i, Coali ('••« 
 againii it. 'J he I atitude fays he, I nckoncd 10 be 
 1 2D. 35 M. North, the variation of the CumpaU 
 1 2 Deg. 40 Min. 
 
 l-ogbi, 100 Miles North-caft from yUL-n, and 1 
 few Miles from the Sea-Coaf^, was ( if not Ifil) 
 fuljed to its own Prince, and a Place if fjaic 
 Trade. 
 
 Xacl, about 30 Leagues more to the Eaft on die 
 fame Sea-Coafl, gives name to another Prinapalit\. 
 
 Mulcatc, a Port-Town feated in the Chaps of tlif 
 Golph of Ormut juft under the Tropic, 60 l.cagiui 
 Korth-weft from Cape H«\cigittf, at the Foot of a 
 Mountain, having three Rocks at the entraiKe ol 
 the Haven, which make its accefs difficult; irw.u 
 chofcn therefore by the l'ortugue:^e for a Sration of 
 Trade after the lofs of Orwi/^;, who tlttilitd v- 
 with a well built Caftle, and made it the founii 
 Government under the Vicc-Kov of G':/i ; andwliJe 
 they held it, they made a great Profit ; but the 
 neighbouring Ambian Princes beat them out and liiU 
 poifefs it. 
 
 Sr^har, the Capital of 0m/jM0rKfli/4«» Prindpiliiy, 
 feated upon the fame Coalt about 25 Leagues from 
 Ml/, ire, to the North-wefl, was a Place of (;rcat 
 Trade in ancient lime, fending Ships as firas C'.'"';, 
 fays the .N'«/'i/iw Geographer. 
 
 E!c.uif, feated at thr bottom of a fmall Da', in 
 the Weficri) Shoar ol the Vaji.'.n Gu'.ph in the 17 D- 
 of North .'a tude; gives name to a large Irin- 
 cipalit) uiljed to tlie )'...■/;, and is a I'la^e of 
 Trade. 'I h.s w.;s the Coumry of the Lemiit.: in 
 L'tolimy, 
 
 Lnjfr.ch IT '..thfu i!-.e -Seat of the Thi/c^)?.! P>e!'kT- 
 beg, who Governs the Province oi ji/ihraim, itaiiuS 
 Co Miles South from Etcntif, 
 
 Thcfe 
 
DIAR'BBCK in Genera/, 
 
 Thefc are the chief Places on the Coaft. 
 
 Ill the Mid-Iand. 
 
 S^H-irt, the Capital of Tf/MOTd Principality, feated 
 oni Hill, ill the 10 Deg. Latit. loo Miles Eaft from 
 the Coaft of the /(t,/-5cr.(, is one of the greatelt and 
 moll Fopiilous Cities of /irabU, according to the 
 )V///'/.i« Geographer, and blefled with a Fruitful 
 Soil. 
 
 4^ 
 
 Themit or Thetmtn, faid to be a walled City of 
 fifteen Miles fquarc, but comprelicndiiig a great 
 quantity of Ground for Tillage. And 
 
 Stilxitha ot Sabotit mention d By I'ltny, feated in 
 the midft of the Country on a higli H;il, anciently 
 large aud populous, having 60 Temples within its 
 Walls J and ftiongly Fortified. 
 
 CHAP, yi 
 
 DIARBECK at Large. 
 
 Comprehending Diarbeck, Yerack, and Curdistan ; 
 
 Which were the Ancient 
 
 Mesopotamia, Chald/ea, and Assyria, 
 
 I'j^iir 
 
 fmall Bi' , in 
 I ill the 17 !)• 
 a large Irui- 
 s a ria^e of 
 e. Ltiwit.i in 
 
 Tlitfe 
 
 DIAIiBECK. or Diar.BechU, i.e. the 
 the Duke's Country, in the large Extent 
 at its three Provinces, lies along the 
 Banks of the Rivers Eufhrarcs and '^'X,'''', 
 t'roai North Nonh-welt to South-eaft ■, that is, fiom 
 Mount Taw Hi which divides it from Turccmania, in 
 the Noith, to the inmolt rccels of thi; Ptrfinn Gulph 
 in the South 600 Miles, and fror.i lialt to Weft, that 
 ;s, between S)u<<jaiid Aritbii-Deferta on one fide, and 
 i'!'fi'ton the other, in fome Parts 200 Miles, in o- 
 others near 300, and in ths lower or Southern 
 hardly 150. 
 
 It is (ituate between the 30 and 40 Deg, of Latic. 
 iiiJ in Polfcires the fifth and Sixth Climates, whofe 
 biigeft Day is from i.j. Hours and a quarter to 
 1) Hours, and confequcntly enjoys a good Tempc- 
 tatiire of Air, and the Soil alfo is Rich and Fruitful. 
 
 The two great Rivers Euphrntci and Tigfii, have 
 almoft their whole Courfe thro' this Country. For 
 
 Eiiphrntci, now sailed Frai, hath its Source in the 
 Mountains in the North-eaft corner of Turcmuviia, 
 running crofs that Province direftly Weft, turns 
 Jown Southward at the foot of Mount Tannii, and 
 iiistking the Welt Boundary of Turcom.viiu, palfes 
 along between 5>ri<i and Diarbeck, and by the liniirs 
 of Part of /tr/tbin-Dcfirta, continues its Current 
 thro' the Middle of rtmcit; or ChM.cn, till it empties 
 its felf into the i^ff/K» Gulph at B<(yi»4, dividing of- 
 ten into Brancheswhich uniteagain. 
 
 The River Tigris, now 'i'')j>/, hath its rife alfo in 
 Tunomaiiu, in a Plain fays Cuverius, in the Moun- 
 tains G(?r(/.c/, (ays Biturauii, runs thro' the Lake Wrt- 
 thnf/:, and under Mount Tau> m, and thro' another 
 lake Tbofpiec!, often finking under Ground and ri- 
 ling again, in one Place palling unfeen for 15 Miles, 
 then continuing its Courfe S luihward with a very 
 'apid Stream, whence it hath its Name, Tigrii Rr- 
 nifying a Datt, is encrealed by many Rivers paffrs 
 
 between jljjjna and Mefopotttmi,;, and below B,igJr/i 
 Branches out into a new Channel, which runninS 
 crol's, falls into the Euphrttci, and makes an Iftand, 
 the main Stream continuing its Southern Courfe, 
 falls into • the Uufhrr.tes, and the Conflux which 
 bore the Name of Pajitigris, runs forward into the 
 Pofian Giilpb. 
 
 Thefe and feveral fmaller Rivers cffcdlually wa- 
 tering this Land, rcndred it always fo exceeding 
 Fruitful, that among the Difputcs and various Opi- 
 nions, concerning the Situation of i'n</iHicc or the 
 Garden of Eden. The moft judicious among the 
 Learned are agreed upon it, that it was feated in the 
 South part of this Country, between the two Rivers 
 Tigris and Euphrates, Bilhop Patrick, Dr. Hejlin, 
 v. Dan. Htietius, and Frid. Spanheitn, are among" 
 thofe that Concur inthisOpinion. 
 
 The Firft Great Monarchy of the World, was de- 
 nominated and had its Regal Seat ui th s Country. 
 
 The AjJ'yrian Monarchy began with Simrod, and 
 continued in two Races of Kings, above 1600 
 Years, that is to fay, under the Succclfors of Virtcorf 
 and Niniis, above 1300 Years ; and under the CimI- 
 ds.vi Monarchs, from Plud Belcchus to BctthaJJar, 
 (who was (lain by Cyius, and the Monarchy conveyed 
 to Pcrjia,) near 300 Years. During wluch time, noc 
 only thefe Countries, but alfo all the Afia-Minor, 
 Syria, Pntcftinc, and fome Part of //rdij-j, werc undec 
 its Dominion. 
 
 The ASSTliJA Pro;>r;V, which is the preferit Ciirdiftm', 
 was the North-eaft Part, lying on the Eaft fide of 
 the River Tigris, between Armenia on the North, 
 and Babylonia on the South. Named from AJJ'ur the 
 Son of Shem who fiilt planted it, and was divided 
 into ten Provinces. 1 he chief Cities of it werc, 
 N/'w.'w, Ctefifhn^ Arbek and Larijj'a. 
 
 MESO- 
 
 ! i I 
 
 AM 
 
 ^ih"*^ 
 
 m 
 
 ■''ill 
 ■■■. f'-,i 
 
m- I 
 
 4« 
 
 7 VRK_r m ASIA. 
 
 I 
 
 II i' 
 
 Mr.sOl'OTAMlA. whidi \s the prcfcnt Dir.ricck. 
 Propfr,lics between tlie two Rivers Kn/'/'r.irfj and Ti- 
 ?rii,h.ivin)^ the Mnumains of Atmenin on the Nortli, 
 and the t.uplini'j with the Branch derived from the 
 T');n'', and falhng into it on the South. Called 
 Mc/oi'riaw.'a froni it<i thus Situation between Rivets, 
 as the Kaine iinphcd in their language, and Ar.wi- 
 ti.tlhiinii in llchicw : called alfj ia.lr.ti-Aitun by the 
 Il'-aclifs; where Lnhtn dwelt, and whither ''ii-.euh tied 
 from his Brnhcr's Wrath. \'iuUn fipnilicd Fruittui, 
 and //' iHi was the peneral Name pi\en to all Sia,», 
 a.s well as thcfc Countries, fo that the //(•/' iw Name 
 of I'.iJr.ii^ implied a great rcrtility, vs'hich the 
 Northern part is lilclfed with to a vcr> high degree, 
 vieldirp Corn and Wine, and all Nccclfaries for 
 Life in abundance ; wherefore Dr. tlrylin will con- 
 fine that Name to this Part only, the Southern being 
 barren and dcfart. The chitt Cities of it were, Se. 
 laai'i, K.fibu, litirlj'n, C/jjm,(/i and C™/' rj, fuppof- 
 cd by !'ojJiiii, to be the Vr of the ChMca. 
 
 CflALD.V.A QT B(>/'v/oHM was the South part, the 
 prcfent T' .t.k whiih lies between, and on both lidcs 
 the two Kivcr'; and united Stream,betwecn Ai iw ? on 
 the \Vc(f, and I'r'/i: on the Haft, to the mouth of the 
 I'etju'.'i (nilpli on the Soi th. It w.-is dividcil into 
 fiur Provinces, and its chief Citits were, ij.icy'rn, 
 I'o^lli, H ifij'fr. OT Utiifn.i, inAViciioA o Omr.i, by 
 oihers taken to be the I'l of the C/'.i/i/(w where Ahf.- 
 i iU)i was born. 
 
 Of the prcfcnt m.vle.k, we have this Account 
 from WoL'.ern Tia\cllersand Geographers, thnt it is 
 a Country of n.itural Krtiliiy, hut thro' the i ,;;/i'j 
 Hudcnels, iK'iilicr well Cultivated, nor populoulH" 
 Inhabiicd. Being the Frontier towards I'eijii, s 
 indeed pretty well Guarded, but the many famoi ■. 
 Cities fo very much renowned for Magnitmie ani) 
 Opulcncy, are at prcfent heaps f>f l".uins. B.- ./.i.-, 
 \ltij]'u', Cnr/ihm:i, and fuire few others are inde'-d 
 Wealthy and Populous., Jjiit the rell are only forry 
 Townj. 
 
 It is by fJcograplu'is divided into three Parts. 
 nam.:ly liia^hck. ifri.''Hy taki n, 7'i').-i'< and w ..Jl.vi. 
 
 The firrt whereof is the Noiih-weA part bcuvcm 
 ilic ivvo R.vers linp'i.urs and T'^.u. ThcTlnrii, 
 the Nonh-Cilt P.uttiward I'fjir. And the*: .oiid, 
 the South Part toward Aiabi/i and the I'cji u, Ciulph. 
 
 Go\ernnicnt, 'lis fiibjcvl to thcfc 
 D'n-ilr.piii , aiul under him 
 
 ncgicibegs, r.-. 
 
 The Bcglcibu; 
 1 9 S.mgiav ks. 
 1 iic I'cgltil ■.s.or/^/]!;.!, andutidrr him 7 Sangiacks. 
 
 The Bcgieiln.}; of MoifJ'iu, and unjer him 5 Saii- 
 gi.uks. 
 
 I'he Bcglerbci; oF C/';V,i:j.(,/or Scu.Cyu:, and?'' 
 .Sangiacks. 
 
 The Beglerbeg of L'/i:;..'.!,*, who has under him 
 ill Sangiacks. 
 
 The Degkibeg of Bj//"m, and under him 116 
 Sangiacks, thus Sir I'.ml l{^c.nir ; but the lad 
 ought to be placed elf-wliere, for we aic told 
 by Travellers, that liajprj is >■ , v fubj'iil to its 
 own Prince, and coiifeque^itly the Ti/. /;)/?; Go- 
 •ernotir n-.uit rcfidc in fomc other Place. 
 
 A Tablcof the Chief Cities in DIAI^BECK- 
 
 1 Cnrnlmet, 
 
 \ or Dinrbrkji , 
 
 l{il^.i or l<jct(,/i, 
 
 Moiijjul, 
 
 Orf.i or rJr(],i, 
 <• WiVor Eihi>, 
 
 \isliin or \ifihii, 
 
 Merdin, 
 Xjiin, 
 IVroi rhtChnldtet. 
 
 MESOPOTAMIA 
 
 Diarbeck I'mp. 
 
 CHALD^A 
 
 or 
 
 Yerack 
 
 ' Btigdat, 
 tt/ihyloti, 
 Tr^xt, 
 
 BM/o'.t, 
 
 I Oiirtn, 
 
 Corno or Quorna, 
 I Scleiicia, 
 
 [_CfeJipl'on. 
 
 ASSYRIA 
 
 or 
 
 Curdiftan. 
 
 r Chirnxi) 
 \ Ihvpcl, 
 
 ) alttuce, 
 iBcttli:, 
 
 ishieirh. 
 I RchoOoh^ 
 
 TCI// or Schchtiful. 
 
 To bej:'in with Viarlcck proper, which as wc have 
 faid.was the ancient M'-jofitnuiir.; under which Name 
 an.' that of \'tidnt-Aram, wc find it rerrarkaWe in 
 Scripture for the Births of Abrahi-.m and l.a, l^rkk,- 
 /;.■/, l{f.ci ■ and l.cnh, the fojoummcnt of J^r-/;, 
 and the Thraldom of the I/meiitcs there for eight 
 Years, which was the tirft Bondage after the Pof- 
 feJion ot ( .!« (.)», and from which they were rc- 
 Ic'.icd by (>.-'' «/(•/, 'Jiid?^.^. Its Iiiliibitants wallow- 
 ing in Sin and Idolatry when Ahrnh.mi lived, that 
 Holy Family was railed thence by God. 
 
 Subjcc't altemattly to the Af]yri/jK , Dd)i'- 
 '.'r.n, M'di.iti and Pr fmn Monarclis. Com]iiorcd 
 by the l^mr.m under Vomi'-y, recoveicd in proccf'ot 
 tinu; by the I'cji.ins, Coiii]uereii by the 5''"' v"-'; 
 .ind now fubjcft to tlie 'iV///;j. 
 
 Cl- ijlUnii) was planted here foon after the Al 
 ccnliojj by S. Thndilt:ii, being fent by S. Than/rr, piu- 
 luant to the invitation of A;'irtui King of A.i^//', 
 who as I'.j.'l'iiis reports it from the Archievcs of the 
 (jty, wrote a Letter to Our .Saviour, defiring his 
 Prefcnce to her, him of a Sicknefs. A Story which 
 palfed unrr mr.ididcd for many Ages, but in our 
 more illuminai'ii times, has been oppofed and even 
 condcirined. Howe.ir, 'tis nioft certain our Holy 
 Religion, was plinted and flourilhed well in this 
 Country, but it Purity was defiled in the begin- 
 ning of the Sixth Cent ry. by one Jacobin (called 
 Sjiius, becaufe a «>. by Biith ) who revived an 
 ancient Hcrr(ie that hid I i-cn Hrft broach'd by /•> 
 Oi/c^ confining of fome b etc odox Opinions, a- 
 mong which, the denying of the two Natures of 
 Chrift, retaining C rcuir- ilion, ffirmirg th.it Angela 
 confift of Fire and I uht. 'hat die Souls if the de- 
 reafcd rcii;gin in Earth till Chril^'s coming ; ari: tht 
 
 chiet 
 
MBSOTOTAMIA or Vtark'tii propria. 4.7 
 
 chief. Fiom him the Seft arc called Jcculiici, and 
 under tbac Name are often mentioned in Hiflory 
 tnd Travels ; whole Patriarch reliJcs here, and ha$ 
 JurilJidion over all their Sc£l in ^iyU as well as here, 
 tiidtliout'.htco luvencar i ooooo FainUci under his 
 Oliedience. 
 
 The Land as we have faid, is exceeding Fertile in 
 ilie Northern Parr, but Southward it is Barren and 
 Otlart. The chief Gties are, 
 
 lidcjj'.i, which ia at prefent called Orfa, OrpL.i or 
 Qnln, fcated in the 36 Dcg. of I at. about <)o Miles 
 Eaii from the Ruer liuphmtes, atthc head of the Ri- 
 v«r iV/iro/, ill a fruitful, well cultivated and plca- 
 fint Champion. A City io conliderable as by lome 
 10 be accouiiteil thechief of the Province. Orpli/i{{aya 
 i{juiro:r) with its Qaftle, is fituated very pleafantly 
 00 a HiiJ ; the Town is pictty larec and well pro. 
 vijcd wiili Fortifications ; the Inuabiiants deal in 
 Tapiftry of di.cr< forts, whereof fomc are made 
 iieie i there is alfo a very good FaiSory of Trade 
 iiOia ^I'pp'; Dam.i{aut aivl ConJIanjHaople, for C<jm/j- 
 mti, which is five D.iys Journey ftom it, and thence 
 fold into Pcrjhi, liuiif^ (Sic. ,\ plentiful Well near 
 the Town is caHed /iirdhrm's, and (hewn to Stran- 
 gcis, aa (hat to which l^ebech/ilt came to Water her 
 rlot.'ks {C>cN. 14.) and upon tbac belief, 'tis held in 
 gieat Honour. Ourf'a is the Capital of Mcfifot.-.miu, 
 lurrounded wiili Walls of Ficcftone, provided with 
 liitilemems and lowers leaicd in a good Soil, pro- 
 ducing Wmo niiol aH'ords pleafam (hardens, which 
 lie watered by Chanels broujtht by Art: The Houfes 
 U) the Town are (mail ill built and fo ruinous, that 
 ill fomc Places ic looks more like a Defart than a Me- 
 tropolis i the City is governed by a Baiha, who has 
 under him 150 janizaries ami 600 Spahi's. Heie 
 IS Jieflcd great ijuantity of yellow 'iHrii-I.eather, 
 the Water of this Place giving it a particular Beauty. 
 ['I'nvtrmer ) l\dej]lt, was fo ancient a Place, that 
 in IfiJeri time Sitnrod was named as its Founder. 
 Under the l{omans 'iwas the Capital of the Ojhohene,. 
 which was ihe Northern part of Melofotamin. Sub- 
 ject 10 its own Prince ill our Saviour's time, tc whom 
 aswc have faid he wrote a Letter declaring a Faith 
 in him, and deliring his prefence to cure him of a Di- 
 feafc he was afflidf cd with. The See of an Arch- 
 bilhop in C/)r</Ji«Hi(;, and in the Holy-War it was 
 fubjea to the Chriftium, together with the Country 
 lound about it, which was ercd\ed into a County, 
 ami made one of their four Governments in the halt, 
 ivhi;h was Conquered by the 'lurkj, ^""o 1141. 
 By the (i/M/^j this City was named Calliriwe, from 
 the fair Fountains ; by the l.ttinti it was fometimc 
 called Juftinoficiii, from the Kmpcror Jujhn who re- 
 dified it ; by the Arr.hiim 'tis called Hi'oi and 
 i)iriih.ui. It is fuppofcd by Dr. Unlin, to be the 
 Chim or lUirnn whither Ainikim with his Father 
 •iiid Family removed when they departed from Vr : 
 But according to Goliiii, N'''^fr, and others, Cb-iran 
 "liich was the fame called Chanhe by the Uptimm, 
 Jnd notable for the Defeat and Death of CmJJ'ut by 
 ^htPmthinnt, ftood more to the North 40 Miles di- 
 Itant from hence. P.dejfa is remembretl in the^o- 
 >mn Hiftory, for ' the Death of the Emperor Cara- 
 catia by the band otMrtcrinus: The firft taking it 
 by the Snrai^eni was in Anno 617- Prince B4/dwi» 
 Brother to C<W/rf/ at huiUgn got poffeflion of it 
 * 1097, and the THri^i retook it as we have faid 
 in 1 141. 
 
 [(oumif mentions a town named ^«^'", which 
 lit reprcfentsaj a fine Place, but not very big^ lying 
 
 on an Afccnt furroundcd with good Walls and 
 Ditiihcs, and well fupplicd with fre(h Springs and 
 Fountains ; this Town by his account muft itand in 
 the Mid-way between Orfha and Mouful j but is not 
 fcen in the Maps. 
 
 B<V or Elbir, called Bir)^fon by the Inhabitants, 
 is feated on the Hufhnttei "in the 37 Deg. of Lat! 
 upon the fide of a Hill, dtfeiided by one Cafllc on 
 the Banks of the River, and anorliir on the Land 
 lide, in which a Sangiack with ioo Janlzarus, and 
 400 Spahi's refide. It is neither big nor ftrong (lays 
 Hfiumf, who travelled thro' it. but pretty well de- 
 fended by the Caftlc that ftaiiJs upon a high Rock 
 above the River, hii ( fays Tavernici) is a large 
 City built like an Amphitheatre, upon the brow of 
 a very craggy Mountain, and li;is two Caftles, one 
 by the River under the Hill, and another in rjie 
 higheft part cf the Town where the Governor re- 
 fides. There is a pleafam and very fruitful Country 
 round about it, which is well Till'd and iiow'd wuh 
 Corn : More towards the Eaft the Country is Hilly, 
 and very Rough and Barren at top. The Enpiintes 
 at this Town is about a Mile broad, but its Cur- 
 rent is not very fwift, and therefore ordinarily failed 
 over, which makes this Place a kind of Feriy from 
 Syria. The River is continually muddy, wherefore 
 the People of this and other Places who drink its 
 Water,are forced to keep it in cirthern Poti till u fub- 
 fides {l{aimolt) This Town is jiidg'd by Lh. Itcj- 
 tin to be the Vina or Binii: of I'lclomr, vvhi^h //,r«- 
 umler the great fortified and render'd lu Uroin;, that 
 Snpoies the Watlike Peifmn, who rook the Emperor 
 Vithriim Prifoner, was obliged to qv.it its Siege with- 
 out taking it. 
 
 liilc, l{fck/i or Rjxn, the Capital of the Beglcr- 
 begate to which it gives Name, is feated on the Eu- 
 phiatcs in the Latitude of 30. that i% about 60 
 Miles below Bir, between two .'\fcents, fo as not to 
 be fecn till you are jufl upon if. The Town is piti- 
 fully built with forry Walls, and a Caftlc old but 
 pretty fircmg, wherein a Garrifoii of 1200 Spahi's 
 rclidc with the Beglerbeg ; the ptefent Town may 
 be called the NVip, for upon the higher Ground, 
 arc feen the Ruins of an Old Town, which was 
 Magnificent : A large and ftrong but ruinous Build- 
 ing whereof is ftill Handing ; which, fays my Au- 
 thor iH^uwolf) feems to have been the PalaccOf a 
 Prince. The Dcfolation he attributes to the Tar- 
 tan who under their King Uatilon took this City 
 Anno. 1 160. 
 
 DitubtkJT as fome Maps write it, but in the viilgar 
 Language of the Place, 'tisnani'd Cnrahua or /Qjr- 
 Bmit. By its Situation it fhould be the lame which 
 Sanfon calls Ajiaiifuef, flanding aiithr WeftemTiank. 
 of the River I'is^ris, in the jS Degr. of Latit. fix 
 Days journey from Oifha ; a famous City for Tiade 
 fays Rittttvo//. It is a large and populous City For- 
 tified with a double Wall and ( Towers, and is the 
 Seat of a Beglerbeg who is ''•..rBujfj, anti has 
 great Power as well as largi. ...pnloil, being abtb 
 to bring loooo Men into the Field. So Populous, 
 that of' C/;r>yii(j«j only there 10000 Inhabitants, fays 
 Tavernier. This City has three G^tcs, two or three 
 fair Piazza's and a magnificent Mofque. The dref- 
 fing and tanning of the red Goat Skins, which we 
 call Turi(;f/-Leainer, is thechief Trade of the Place. 
 The Couhtry about it is fruitful aod pleafant, and 
 abounds in Corn, Wine, and Cartel, its ancient 
 Name was Amida, called alfo for a fliort time Cen- 
 JUnti.i, by Conjl/mtim tlie Son of Conftrntine, who 
 
 Rcpjfifew 
 
 mm 
 
 m^' 
 
 H ''» , '., '\ 
 
 I'lir 
 
 m 
 
8 
 
 TV R K.r m ASIA. 
 
 m 
 
 RiTaireJ aiiJ much Bcii.iificil it. The Jacobite l\i- 
 trlarih rclidcs here. Of <M).c/)ui/, S(in/«(» gives tliis 
 Charatlor, r.';;. 'til the Metropolis of Diitrbe^k., a 
 large City with fcvrral Subuibs and ccntaiiii a vail 
 number oi' Ir.h*bitants. 
 
 [ nuilk not omit, that in fome Maps, the Name 
 r>'.ii'h-k'> is given to a Town fitiiatc in the Mid- 
 land, about bo Miles from t... /)(</« to the Eaft, and 
 North- Eaft from Bi'- 
 
 Nifibli now Ki'b'.n, a Midland Town J5 Miles 
 from the Tigris towards C/inht, was heretofore a very 
 conliderable City called Antcnia Mygdonia, from the 
 River M)gl niui which runs thro' it j iindcrthc l{n- 
 iiiAiis, It was the Capital of MfJopot.imU p>opri,i, 
 well defended by its Billiop in Canjlitntluj time a- 
 gainft the I'njlins, but taken by them afterwards in 
 tlic Reign of J u.'wM'/. In its [ircfcnt State, 'tis the 
 Scat of a Twk'P^ Sangi.ick, ftands on two fmall 
 Hills, and makes a handfonic view at a diftancc, 
 but tho' a pretty large Town.hasbm Ibrrv appearance 
 when you come into it, being pitifully built. The 
 l,.ind about it ii very fruitful and well cultiva-cd, 
 the Biifmefs of the Place being altigether Agriculture, 
 which their good Soil renders very profitable to 
 them, _t)ieir Orchards and Corn-Fields, cfpecially 
 the fi riiUT affording great Profit from the Poiiie- 
 graiiati-s, Uigs, Cubcbs (ire. which they fend to 
 Foreign Parts: And fo numerous arc their Fruit- 
 Trecs , that vou would take thcni for Woods 
 of wild ones. {l{^uv>o!f.) 
 
 On the Eaft of Kifibh between it and ^j^' ", flood 
 t-V of the CraUeei, where Al=Ah:m was born and 
 lived, till by Divine Vocation, he remove to Chn - 
 uri, and thence to Cnnaan. Tis Difputed indeed, 
 and others place it much more Southward in Cl>iild.t.t, 
 but the Arguments on the fide for this Place, are too 
 forcible to be given up to meet T-rfi^/f/o;;, its being 
 called of the Cnaldees, not being fufficient to confine 
 It uncontroulably to the limits of Chaul.t^, as we nn- 
 tlerftand its Bounds ; for cither that Name might be 
 extended to more Country in thofe Days than it was 
 afttrwarJ, or the ChaU"nni iray have made Excur- 
 lions, and taken this and other Places beyond the 
 limits of their own Country. The Place which 
 Tradition named, was Oium upon the Lakes, made 
 by tlie r.ufli'ntes on its Weft fide, in the Lat. of ?a. 
 the fimilituJc of which Name, might perhaps be the 
 rrafon . But it muft be remembred that in Scripture, 
 (7/7'. 14.) it is faid Terj/- dwelt on the other fide 
 the Flood, '. f- liuphrrrc , whereas their Ourt/'. was 
 feate J on this fide of i^ And if from thence they 
 had been to have travelled to e-mail, 'tis highly 
 improbable they (liould have gone Northward fohigh 
 as Clannn, when the diredl way and not far neither, 
 Jay crofs Arniia. Befidcs 'tis obferved by Criticks, 
 that all his Anceftorsfrom VhiU^ downward, dwelt 
 in the Northern Parts of M:Jopot,imi.i, and there- 
 fore there is little realbn to believe that Tcmb Ihould 
 have feperated himlelf fo far from liis Brethren. 
 
 Mouful, the Capital of a Beglerbegat, ftands 011 
 the Weft Bank of the River Tl^/ii, in the I at. 36. d. 
 It is a large City furrounded with Stone Walls, and 
 bas many fair Streets, but withal a great many lying 
 wafte. T.tvcrnier fpeaksof it as a very ruin'd Place, 
 that there are only two blind Markets and a furry 
 Caftle, and yet he fays it is much frequented by 
 Merchants, and that its Baifa commands joco Men. 
 Here is a Bridge of Boats over the Tigrit, and th 
 City is a thoroughfare from ?eijia to Syrir., which 
 (hakes it a Place of Trade, tvhich is the more aug- 
 
 mented by a conftant Tinftick fion, ihi> Win to 
 ttaidtt. The Country on this fiilc the Rucr ij 
 Sandy and Barren, but ovrrugainll it is excelling 
 Fruitful, and yields them very good Crops if Corn, 
 and divers Fruits. 'I'his Town altho' liibrct to the 
 Tmk, ar.d the Seat uf a Balla, is inoftly iniiabiu'd by 
 Ncjlni.m Chrlfiir.ni ; a People (fays Rihwidi] vvho 
 tho' pretend to be CbiijUins, art woife than Tml^i, 
 for they rradict manyVillanies, and ordinarily Rob 
 on the H'gh way. This is commnnly called the 
 SuccelFor of NVhci r/> ; it may indeed have been ' ijjt 
 out of its Ruines, but the Situation is dittcrcru, for 
 that City ftood on the other fide of the Rue; in 
 Ajjj'ir, of which we IhiiU (peak by .iikI by. 
 
 Ct-^lr or fi>^/M, llind? in an Illand of die Ru(t 
 I'ivh, 70 Miles above Mi.ujui, in lat. 3?, -ic It is 
 a (mall City, but rich by the Trade ijf (jails and 
 Tobacco, which the Plains upon Mount I'm ui flcn- 
 tifully produce, and by thefe People is gathered and 
 brought hither. The City is fubjedl to its own 
 Prince, and here is a Bridge of Boats over the 
 Tigris. 
 
 Mndi'i, feated within Land 60 Miles Weft from 
 Ci> ^.V, ii a liifir City well Walled, and has a Calllc 
 feated on the North fide of the City on .i riling 
 Cituund, whence flows an excellent freth jpriiij!, 
 wherein (a Paiha or ratherj a Sangiack rriidcn wiiti 
 a Garnfon of 200 Spahi's and 40c Jarifarics, fa\s 
 Tiveitilfy. I am iiKlined fo believe, this is the 
 fame PLice that l{r,Nrro:f calls ~//>rn already rrfn- 
 tioned, for it agrees in all its Charaflcrs : ^V|lcrl;JJ 
 'tis not likely fo confiderable a Place as he makes 
 ^iiiii^ ftiould be wholly omitted in the Maps. 
 
 C HA I.DAL A or TF. /< .-; C K., lies on the South 
 of Mefipatnmi/i, between and oa both fide? the! ttvo 
 Rivets Tigris and Euphrates, r havealrcaJy faiJ. 
 We are told by St. jerotn, : CAiJii derived 
 
 their Name from Chr/ed, t ' Son of K-crji, 
 
 the Brother of Ab'ahaw: L.,.. , ^ms by Scriiniire, 
 to have been a Name of more Antiquity. 
 
 The Soil was anciently fo Fertile, that a 'corJing 
 to Hcrcdotus, it yielded ioo or ^00 Fold ; anil iv 
 might ftill be fo if regularly Mannured. The Pa- 
 ftiires yield numerous Herds of Cattel, and thenco 
 great plenty of Milk and Butter. 
 
 This was the Part of tho World vthich was Ho- 
 noured with the htA Prcl'ence of Man, the Para- 
 dice wherein Cod placed Adc.m, being as «c faid 
 judged by the Learned of this Age, to have been 
 feated here. 
 
 The Language c? this Country was different from 
 the Hebrew, which was the Language of Wr/o/-- 
 tamiii, but by tie long continuance of the .?.'ipj a- 
 mong them, the Purity of both Languages wis 
 broken, and the Syrian which is fiill ufej here, 
 produced. 
 
 The People v/ere very early Proficients in the 
 Knowledge of tie Stars, whence judicial AHrol^gy, 
 and thence all fcrts of Divinations and Southlavmi; 
 became Rife amc ng them. They have alio ihc Re- 
 putation of being the firft Idolaters in the World. 
 And 'twas here tl, at the Ambition of Man, loin 
 exerted it felf as to pretend to Vie with the Powei 
 of Heaven, in t'.at bold Strudurc of the Tower ot 
 Bnbel. 
 
 Cimftimity 'ti. fuppofcd was firft Preached hereby 
 St. Peter, who fcems to Date his firft Epiftlc Itoni 
 B/ihyton; but in regard that no mention is made elk 
 where of his travelling fo far, many are of Orinitr. 
 that is not ro Ic underftond in a literal Scufe, bti 
 
 uverptet.'i 
 
I 
 
 U t'HI 
 
 CHALVjEA or rERACK. 
 
 intfrpretcJ /^.wf rather. Buc whoever Planted, the 
 Holy Ghoft propopatcd it ; »nd Co early as the Ni- 
 itnc Giuncil, we Imd the Bilhop pf Hiliudu in great 
 Honour i and in all future AH'cmbhcs, he had Place 
 next I lie Patriarch of Jfri//iA'w. TheC/'r//?/jn/ arc 
 llill nunurous here, but not truly Orthodox ; the 
 (WO Hcrclies of Jncobui and Ntftoius, together 
 with fcveral Heterodox Opinions and Cuftoms pre- 
 vailing among them. Of the y,icnl/iiri wc have 
 fpokcn already in Mcfifeumin ; and (incc the Nrflo- 
 nam ire Mi much fpoken of in Books of Travels 
 in thele Parts of the World, altho' it be a little Fo- 
 ifignio our purpofe, we will give our Reader a ge- 
 neral Idea of that Hereiic, 
 
 t^rfto ii.i a Monk nt Antioch in Sjria, by h»s Piety 
 inJ rrcaching obtained fuch Rcputaiion, that upon 
 the l)i.'3th o( Sifimiiui Archbilhopof Conjlantiniifle, 
 /lnHii 417. the fempcror caufed him to be chofen to 
 fuccerj hi:ii. Bmas he appeared exceeding Zealous 
 againit Hertfic, 'tis no wonder that any new Opi- 
 nion finm him Ihould cauli; indignation i it bappcn- 
 eJ ihat a Piielt namid Anajlutitii whom he fa\oured, 
 had cxpielfeJ in his Sermon, That the Virgin Mary 
 o.'i^/V net 10 he chilled thi Mother of God, for jhe was a 
 U'im.iii, and Hod could not he Bom rf a l-t'oman. 
 Which Pr'polition the Bifhop defending, raifed up 
 lb many Enemies againft him, that he was loon cx- 
 pcli'd and died in Hxilc. This was the Originc of 
 ihat Scilt ; which by opnolititin feems to have en- 
 acjfcd, (ill it fpread it Ulf very far, and its Pro- 
 icliics became fo mimerous, thatatthis Pay and for 
 many Ages paft, the greatell Part of the Chrifliuns 
 of the badern Parts are of it ; and fo formidable 
 arc they, as to have a Patriarch of their own, who 
 iclides at Moufiil, and has Jutifdidion over all thcit 
 Bilhops in Snii, Chaldjn, India, (sIc Their Opi- 
 nion which have been Condemne4 are. That there 
 Wirt mo I'erfo/u At vieli at two Natures in our Saviour, 
 hut unfcfs him to be both God and Man ; and' that 
 Maty ought not to bi called the Mother of God, tUtho' 
 jhe mny be call-d .'he Mother of the Sen of God. In O- 
 ther Dogmcs .ley differ only from the Church of 
 Home, as communicating in both kinds, allowing 
 Marriage to Priefts, denying auricular ConfeiTion, 
 not praying to Crucifix's and Images, (s!c. And up- 
 on the whole, if the vain Fopperies ufed by them in 
 Religion were retreiKhed, and their Morals re- 
 formed ; they would not appear fo odious as the 
 /(omjij Church, who envies the Power of this Pa- 
 triarch, rcprefcnts them. 
 
 Before we enter upon an Account of the prefest 
 Towns, 'lis necelTary to fpeak of the Ancient Bah]f- 
 ItH and Scleuci.i, and the other Places moft reinarka- 
 blf ill Antiquity. 
 
 BylBTLON, whence the whole Province and 
 even Empire was fometimc named, ftood on both 
 lidcs the River Eupiiratct, firft built by Nimrod near 
 the Tower of Babel, and made the Seat of his 
 Empire. A City in its moft flourilhing Sure of that 
 Extent and Magnificence, that as ic was then reck- 
 oned among the Wonders of the World, fo it ftill 
 deferves fome remembrance, we ihall therefore from 
 Diod, Siculus, give the Reader a Ihort Account of it. 
 Simiramit the Widow and Succeffor of Mw«, the 
 third Monarch of this Empire, refolving to oot-do 
 her Husband, who 1 id built Kiueveh, Founded or 
 atleaft Re-edified the City oi Babylon j wherein fays 
 my Author, Two Miilwns of Men were employed, 
 who in a Years time built the Walls which were 
 uma/iy Furlongs round at the Year h^d Days, 
 
 45 
 
 (which makes near 46 Miles ) the hcighth 50 Opa'i 
 or Fathom ; that it 100 Yards, the breadth fo large 
 as to admit fix Chariots on a brealt : Or ariording 
 to others, only 50 Cubits high and broad enough for 
 two Chariots. The Wall was adorned and guarded 
 by i$o large Turrets, and the Land round the City 
 lay low, and in fome part of it deep Moraf* i alt 
 which mull needs render the Place citream ifrong. 
 The River ran thio' the middle of the City, and on 
 each (ide of it (tood a roagnilirent Palace, which 
 were made communicable by a Vault under thcRivei-, 
 as well as by a molt (lately Bridge over it. The 
 Palace on the Weft fide, was much the ftateUer 
 of the two, the Walls of which were 60 Furlongs, 
 or fevcn Miles and half round the outer Court, tor 
 it was divided into ihtec ; the Iccoiid Court was 40 
 Furlongs, furrounded by a Wall of incredible 
 thicknefs, namely 300 Bricks, and in hcighth ico 
 Yards, upon which many Towers were ereiitcd much 
 higher, whence the whole City might be furveyed ; 
 The third Court was thirty Furlongs in ci'ci'it, fur- 
 rounded alio with a Wall of llill greater heighth. 
 This was the Royal Apartment, and was adorn'd 
 with Balfo, Rclcivu's, C'lildmgs Paintings, ando- 
 ther Decorations fiiitable to a Struifliire of fuch Mag- 
 niticencr. She alfo huilt a Temple to Jupiter or Be- 
 lut of mighty height, as may be judg'd by the Mag- 
 nitude of the Statues fet at top, which weighed 
 loco Talents each, and werr 411 toot high. N t«- 
 chadne:{^ar did alfo in his tmie liiautitie and im- 
 prove this City fo mucli that in his Pride we tind him 
 vaun iig, Dan. 4. It nt thit th: grei-.t Babylon m'/f A 
 I have built } Ijiftly, To the Beauty of Babylon, the 
 Florti l'fw/?/f jor hangingGatdens as they Wijre called, 
 added ' uch, and are moftly talked of in Antiquity; 
 thefe . re Gardens railed by Arches above one ano- 
 ther to an incredible heighth, wherein trees of vaft 
 Bulk and fruit of the moft exquifite kinds, were cuU 
 tivated and grew in the greateft Perfcdtion. So 
 Great was this City, that Ai ijlotle fays, it ought fa- 
 ther to be called a Country, and that when the 
 Town was taken, it was three Days before the fur- 
 theft Part of it had notice of it Notivithltanding 
 its Strength this City was taken by C)'iit and by 4- 
 texander^ the former by Siraragem thus, ho cut di- 
 vers Trenches, by which he drew off the Water of 
 the Euphatet, and fo entred thro" the dry Channel- 
 The latter having defeated the Perfian Forces at Ar- 
 beln, was received with open Gates. As for the ta- 
 king it by Dariut thjla/pei, that does not defervc the 
 name of a Conqueft, for it was but a recovery 
 from Rebellion, and that too obtained by a 
 Treachery that will hardly ever be imitated, ^pyrut 
 mangled and deformed himfelf for his Matter's Ser- 
 vice, but with that Loyalty he adted Treachery, 
 which notwithftanding all counter Merit, muft and 
 always will be odious to a Man of true Virtue. 
 After Alexander'! Death, which happen'd here, 
 the Glories of this City daily declined ; fo that 
 Diod. Sicu'm who lived in the time of Julius 
 Citfar fpeak J of it as a decayed Place, Q. Curtiui, in 
 Vejpafian'i time, fays, 'twas leifen'd to a fourth 
 Parr, in P/i'n;'s!ime reduced to Defolation : And 
 in St. Jerome'i Days turned into a Park for the Kings 
 of Perfia to Hum: in it. Its prefent condition it thus 
 reprefented bv .^auwolf, the Village Elugo ftanda 
 where formerly old Biiylon flood, whereof at pre- 
 fent there remains nothing but Foundations of great 
 Buildings, to teftifie this to be the very Place, toge- 
 ther with fome Pieces of the Arches of that fo fa- 
 H inout 
 
 n'l:; 
 
 ■AH 
 
 
 'fif'-lii 
 
 Wir^AX 
 
J 
 
 1/ 
 
 r/ 
 
 m 
 
 % 
 
 
 il 
 
 
 56 
 
 7 VRKr in ASIA. 
 
 mous Bridge, which Arches are builc of Brick, and 
 wonderfully Strong ; The River here i> h»lf a League 
 broad, which renders ihe Scrudoxe of chis Bridge 
 the more admirable. Upoii a Hiii near the Village 
 are fcen the Ruins of the Caftlc, where fowe Ve- 
 ftigia of iu Magnificence ilill appear. And at no 
 
 freat diftance may be {een the roundacions of the 
 ower of Bdil, which is half a League in Diame- 
 ter; 'tis pcrfet^ Ruins and low almod co the 
 Ground, and fo filled with Vermin and Serpents, 
 who have made themfclvcs Dens in it, that 'tis up- 
 (afe approaching too ncf r it ; he tells us alfo that the 
 Country hereabout is fo dry and barren, ihiit it can- 
 not be tilled. A wonderful Change ! The mod 
 Magnittcent City that ever was reduced ^p fo pcr- 
 fedt Delolation, that not a Koof of any fort is left 
 ftanding, and even the Land about it too, from a 
 fertile Soil changed to a nioft fteril Defart. 
 
 Tlie Tower of B.ihel as Scripture inforrns us, 
 was began to be built ffoon after the Flood, with 
 intention to carry ii fo higt, that its top fliould be 
 out of the reach of all future Iiumdations: But it 
 pleafed God to break their Defign by confounding 
 their Language. By ancient Tradition we have this 
 Account of It, namely, that it wa.{ built of round 
 form, the Afcent winding about the out-(idc in a 
 Urge Road, fit for Carts, Hotfes, and other Cat- 
 tle, with Lodgings and Convenience for both Man 
 and Bealt, which was already laifed <; 146 Paces 
 from the Ground, before the confulion of Tongues. 
 But ti-is is only "Tradition, and I nuiftqueftion the 
 Truin of this laft particular, at leaft if it be meant 
 in perpendicular height ; for 5146 Geometrical Pa- 
 ces, is above four Mues and three quarters, or if by 
 Paces be meant Yards only, it will ftill be found 
 vaflly to exceed any Sttutfhire, nay even any Moun- 
 tain, or other Eminence on the whole 'Earth. Ti» 
 true if the Menfuradon be reckoned f{^irally of the 
 Journey up, ic may come near a probable truth, 
 But to proceed, Hackluit tel|s us, .the Ruins of 
 this Tower ftand on the Weit fide of Tigrit, 
 about eight Miles above Ba^tiit, and n^ajces a kind 
 of Mountain, that the Bricks whereof it was built, 
 are half Yard thick and three quarters long, between 
 every Courfe lies a Mat pf Canes as tound as if 
 newly laid. But this Situation not agreeing with 
 that of Bnbylcn, which was 60 Miles dill^ii froni 
 the prefcnt Br.gcUt, 'twill be wifer to believe this the 
 Ruins of Sehuii/i. The whole Plain between the 
 two Rivers, is filled with the Ruins of great Build- 
 ings, among which that called Dunici'i-fmcr is the 
 moft pcrfedl, and aftbrds a Vtofvt& frnni its top of 
 the extent of this once Famous City. 
 
 Stleiicia the SucceffbrofiU^^fonjaDd by, ancient Au- 
 thors fuppofedtobe the fanie Place; \nr^i$ tcpbanvi 
 (peaking of Bnb^lou, fays it was alfo caUed^(/«HCM. 
 out that he was mi(lak«n, and even the mo^e") Co- 
 nientator upon kirn too, ( HoUleniut ) whor makes 
 Bagdat to have rifcn out of the Ruins of bptli, it ap- 
 parent, from the Situation of the two Places ; f(>r 
 ><tfi(n>a// cannot have been milUkcn in the Ruins of 
 BaLyhn, ijie Bridge over the liupkratei, whereof 
 tber? is , noinc other quite ifom Bir downwards, fof 
 lo far he fatl'd upon the River, being fuch a Chara- 
 dU'riftii!casputsitoutof doubt. And£<«gJ<ir which 
 indeed arul« from SeUucU, Rands upon the Tigri: at 
 60 or 70 Milet diftance from that Bridge. Now 
 that B/tgdat rofe out of the Ruins of Sdcucit, is not 
 difputed, ur if it were, the mighty Ruins near it, 
 mentioned by Hnckjuii fis we have (aid above, is a 
 
 Teflimony that caraioi eafily be refuted : But tWi 
 r.iiftake 01 Authors, is a |vowcifui evidence of tht 
 Grandeur of •Sf/f/ic/.j, fince a little City could never 
 been called Bckylon ; as m effetit it was in ics time 1 
 large and populous Place, joooao Inhabitants we 
 arc told, were brought from Babykm to it by Antio. 
 d'us the Son of Seleucm Nicnnor, \vho biiilt or rather 
 re-edified it ; for according to Sfa/'o, it was a very 
 ancient City, named firft Cochr, and afterward W/c^- 
 Miiria, and at lafi by //(/f/oc/.'Hj called "■^■Undn inHo- 
 nouroi his Father. In the Primitive Apc^ of Chti. 
 JlUnity, it was the Sec of an Archbilhop. To pro- 
 ceed to th.' prcfent Srare : 
 
 Bngdnt, the Metropolis of this Country, is fenred 
 on the River Tignt in the 34 Deg. of 1 at. \\ Aaj 
 built out of the Ruins of Seleuciit by Mnhmc. II. 
 Surnamed Bugi<ifar, Cnlifh of the Sitra:^etis, who 
 reigned in the middle of the eighth Century, and 
 by htm made the Scat of the Sarar{tn Empire. Its 
 Name i"> derived from Gardens, wherewith it a- 
 bounded, or from one Garden belonging to fl.irf a 
 Wealthy Pirfmn. The firft Strudlme was on the 
 WefternBankof the River, but in 1095. Citlifh .««. 
 Jlctr.har built a n?w City on the other lide, and unit- 
 ed both by a Bridge of lioats. It grew up with great 
 fpecd into a Wealthy and Populous Citv, and.conti- 
 sued the Seat of the Sam^^en Empire, till the middle 
 of the thirteenth Century, when H/i.uim the Jut.it 
 put an end to it, by the I^eath of the Caliph md ail 
 his Family, and the Capture of the City, which he 
 deftroycd : But it recovered and is at this Day a 
 large, rich and populous PI.ice. I;s Buildings how- 
 ever far fhort of what thofc old Accounts render 
 thein ; which may be reafonably expefted, from the 
 many Revolutions of it, the Tui^i^ ana the Perjim hay. 
 ing attcroatcly poflcflccl ic divers times, till in i6it. 
 the Tui;^! finally recovered an't have ever fince pof- 
 ffffed it. The prefcnc State of it is thus reprefented 
 by, Tfavellets ; it ronfifts of two Towns, that on 
 thc'tVcfl fideof the Rivcropen orunwalled, thaion 
 the$*tt fide well Fortified with Walls and Ditches ; 
 between the two Tojwns is a Bridee of Boats chained 
 together over the jRiver, which is rapid and ahoat 
 as bcoad as the I{lj'itfe ; the Streets arc narrow, and 
 the common Buildihcs mean ; tbePublick Buildtngi, 
 namely the Balhawl Pallacc, the Bczifteen or Ex- 
 change, the Bazars and the Publick Baths ai% wd) 
 built J it is a Place of great Trade for all the Com- 
 modities of N/ilolm, Syrin, ConHnntinofle, Dnmr.fciii, 
 .U'ffc, Armoiin, Peifia and Indie, Goods being 
 brought by Barges up the River from B/ilfei/t, as well 
 as by Land in Caravans, and it is the Seat of a BaOfa 
 or tfcglerbeg, wJlbft Authority i.< great. The Am- 
 iiVipi call It bar.MjJiil.tm, the City of Peace. By 
 Uackfuit we are tofd, 'twas about two Miles ronnd 
 in \f)(>i. but very PopiUous, and of great Tnde, 
 beit^tbc Thorpughfarfe between Petfta, Arabia and 
 ,^,ri(i.«.' It is three Miles round fiiys Tavemier; and 
 of great Trade, but not ft Wealthy Gnce the Tmk} 
 havepoflelTed it, as when '.e PcrJ/itm had it, how- 
 cvcir, al) Traveuer* reprcfent it as a large and rich 
 Place, The Garrifon confifts of -joo Janizaries com- 
 manded by an Aga, atwl the City is governed by a 
 Bafha, who is ^ciieralty a Vizir, and has 600 or 700 
 Horfe in Service; hcrcii alfo an A^a commandrng 
 J or 409 Spahi's, befides all which, there it a Body 
 of Horfc called Giroguleler of 3000 in the City 
 and neighbouring "Towns under the Command of two 
 Agai. {Tttvetr.iii.) /(/lumd//' fuppofcs onc Town to 
 be the ancient Utcuaa, and the other Ofiifhon, btJt 
 
 his' 
 
ASSYRIA or CVKDISTAR 
 
 51 
 
 liii Opinion is hardly allowable, bccaufc Ctcfifhou 
 according to tic ai.rieiit Accounts of it, flood much 
 tirthcr from the River. 
 
 Cicjipl"- , a Ufg* Town built by the Purtbians, 
 Oi«r Jgainrt jtleucm, ac Iouk diltanccon the Eaft lidc 
 ottlie Tifi'.', adoniod and fortihcd by i^uw«J a 
 fjrthimKuK, who nude it his Re((al Scat, and itii- 
 (itcd it a flo Jtifhing P! ice. The ^rmm otren at- 
 lickeJ ic, and 'twas there tint Julian the Apoihfe 
 ivis llain and uttered that rcirarkable Blafpheniy, 
 Ikiii' tnndnn GeliU\ But (his City lioud in the 
 limits of Proper .^(fyria, and fo lh..jld have been rc- 
 ieried thither, if the Conjeflur.. a 'ovememioned 
 had not Icduxto fpcakof ir hfrc. it isr»fled away, 
 and at prcfont is nor remarkul by Ti <iV Hers. 
 
 Urxi, feated between the tw.- Rivers two leagues 
 ftom the Ruins of i)ii»o«, in th: Road lo the City 
 ^fdf-t, fuppofcd by {{r.uwclf to bt the ancient ^pa- 
 w:.i founded by 4" ■/•«(«.', is aveiv rtrong fortiticd 
 Town, having a Wall and Ditch, and two Callies 
 fur its Defence, and reckoned the Key of !'Jh. 
 
 G rnj or Hjornn, a conliJcrable Uortrcfi leated at 
 the Confluence of the two Rivers ri^rii and hu^ibia- 
 :<(, in the Lat. ji. where an Account is taken of 
 Merchants Goo-ls pairing up the River. 
 
 i^ufu, feated on the Well (idc of the Euphates, in 
 ihe 92 Deg. 1 atit. below the Pnludcs P.upiratli, and 
 on the Frontieis of Aiwhia, was anciently a great 
 i'A populoug City, being the Relidciice of the Ca- 
 liph for fome time after the removal of the Regal- 
 Scat from Dr.mafcus, and before the building of tiag- 
 iit. Hj/i the IV/yjin Prophet was buried here, and 
 therefore it ufcd to be much rcforccd to by Pilgrims, 
 but the Kines of PctjU have hindied it, lince the 
 Tit'k has pomlfed tins Country, becaufe 'hat Hiigri- 
 mage added much to the Wealth of the Town, and 
 thePlac« is now become fmalland poor and almult 
 defpllte fays 'lav:rniei 
 
 ^ Ourta or Omch, which fome fiippofe to be the t> 
 cfCWi.fir, the Birth-plate of /itxrlam, of which 
 wc have already fpoken, flood hereabouts. 
 
 Buffcij or hr-Jorr, foatcd on the Wclkrn Bank of 
 fr.jn}jpis,ot the united Stream of Ix^thKivcrs Kuphra- 
 tii and Tygih, in the Lat. 30. D. 30 M. not many 
 Leagues above us mouth into the Pirfinn Ciulpli, 
 whofe Tide rifcs up hither and :ibove it, as far as 
 G fnj ; is a rich and populous City, being a cele- 
 brated Marc, to which European as well as Indiiin 
 and ?eifian Ships rcfort, and vend the Commodities 
 cfihe rcfpcdiiie Ciainries; 'tis reckoned the Port to 
 h/^dat, for 'tis thither the Goods imported here arc 
 iroftly fent. The Emn or Prince of linlfom, who is 
 » Feudatory to thd Grand-Seignior, made it a free 
 Port, with a fmall Culiom of four W' Cent, in the 
 Year i6',2. which has raifed its Trade to the degree 
 if is now feen in, and very much enriched the Prince. 
 The City is aliou: a lia[f Leaeue dillant fiom ri:e 
 River, it is very large and populous, ami is fiirroiuid- 
 «J v»ith a Brick Wall, and ftand.s on the Fior.ticrs of 
 A-ihia, to which it is by Ibme G'^ogra; hers relerred. 
 The C/jri/?Mn/ are numerouii here, eft'ecially of the 
 Scft called S.ihxaiis, of whom T.xicniia computes 
 there were 15000 Families in his time, in ilie City 
 ind Villages nearit. 
 
 ASSYH^IA propri/i, or that Part of DM^BfCJf. 
 f'^'N ciWeACwdifiitn, as ■rfwiMiVr tciUfies, by o hers 
 Ai-{'rmn, Ills on the Eall (ije of the RiviT I'l,;"/ to- 
 wards Pf .','.1. 100 Miles broid in the inidJle Part, 
 liiitnot halt that breadth in the South, cxienu.: ^ in 
 
 length from the 35. to the 40, Degree of Latitude; 
 that is, from the Lake H'm on the Frontieis of tur- 
 conttnia in the Norilt, to the Frontieis of ChufJUn 
 a Province of Jfr/M inthe South, the Mountain C" »- 
 nas being its Eaftern Boundary from Pcrjit, and the 
 River Pigrii, the Weftern from Mr/ofot,imiit and 
 Ch.ildxn. 
 
 It was called Affyri.i from /tfur the Son of Slictn, 
 who firft planted this Country. Cwdijl'--n from the 
 Cwteis, js Travellers vulgarly call them, or as an- 
 ciently they were named C.unluchi and Cmdueni (ac- 
 cording to Xcuophon ) the People that inhabit it. 
 Ar-^rum, perhaps corruptly from AjJ}ii.i, r clfc 
 from the City iir^frum, but this very improbably 
 for that City lies too far out of the limits of this 
 Country to give Name 10 it. Dr. HejUn indeed 
 namesa City Wi^^u'.nf great ftrei'.^'h and repute, 
 feated within this Province, but where, he fays nor, 
 nor do I find it in other Authors. 
 
 rhe Soil WM reprefemed in ancient Accounts as 
 very fruitful, but ic does not now deferve that Cha- 
 racter, for Travellers find it quite othcrwife. Dr.l^au' 
 wo'f (0 often memioiied, travelled tHro' i'. fjc-m Bog-' 
 </o.* to the confines of Pcrfiu^ and back to Aloiz/ii/, and 
 may therefore 'oe allowed to have knowledge of it, 
 and he calks of nothing but valt Delarts and bairen 
 Plains, except here and there near a Towri, a Jit- 
 t'e cultivated Land may appear. It muft indeed 
 be remcuibred, it was for f;veral Ages a Field of 
 Battle between the Romans and Piirthians firft, and 
 the 7'H»/y and I'rr/ir-.ns lincc, which muft have depo- 
 pulated ii, and where Hands and Induftry are want- 
 ing, the bcft Soils arc barren. 
 
 As to the People, they are moftly tieftorian Chri- 
 ftinnt^ except the Govcrnment.which is Turkjfl} .- But 
 ifude and ignorant Chrijii/ins God knows, practifing 
 little what that Holy ProfelTion emoins. There arc 
 a Race of Curters that infeit the Roads in Mcfupcta- 
 mia in great Tfoops, and rob th^ Caravans as the 
 wild /liahifni do. The Cities or Towns of chief 
 note here are. 
 
 Chiif.-^culor ScMirefu'., feated on the River C<i/irM/, 
 which falls into the Ti);r//, 60 Miliy Weftfrom Mou-. 
 Jul, and in the 36 Deg. of Latitude ; 'tis but a fmall 
 City and of ordinary Strudturc, and remarkable on- 
 ly by being the Seat of . a Beglerbeg, who hat 
 JO Sangiatks under his Jurifdidion. The City is 
 cut out of a fleep Rock {iaijijavirnier) fw a quart- 
 er of a League, fo that you muft go Up 10 or 15, 
 Steps to every Houfe ; this is fuppofed to have rifen 
 Out of the Ruins of the ancient 
 
 Aibeiit, fo fambus in Hiftory for the Battle at (2/in- 
 guaweU near it, which being but a Imali Village, 
 this City waschofen by Hiftorians to give name toi 
 the Battle between .llexnndei and Darius, which wa» 
 thcdecifuc Stroke for the f'e. un Empire ; wherein 
 with the lofs cf but 300 on 1 is fide, Aiexnndcr de-; 
 fe.ited 'nriui and an Army of 100000 Foot ai^ 
 50000 I'.drfe, killing 90000 on the Spot. ThepleH- 
 &nt i iiiHs of Arbetrt lie jud beyond thiS Town, and 
 a& If rilled by Tdr'cru/er, are: 1 S Leagues in cAepc, 
 watered v,itUfeveral Rivdicts and full of Fruit-trees. 
 On a Hill near it which is covered with the fairef) 
 Oaks, remain the Ruins of a Caflle where they fay 
 Dt'ii'i flaitl while the Battle was fought. 
 
 H.vpel, feated more to ihi! South upon that Ri' 
 ver named Cor^ui by Ptolemy, is a pretty large Town 
 and the Scat of a Sangiack, but cf forry Sr.udture 
 anJ furroundcd with iMud-Wallj. This is the ac- 
 count Utiiivolf wIto palfed iliio' it gives 11s. and from 
 H J thi$ 
 
 'I if. 
 
 "■ '; 
 
 ill.' ■ ! .'((■'-i¥i^l 
 
 htiii 
 
 w 
 
52 
 
 TVRKY m ASIA, 
 
 this a Conicifture may be m»Jc, of the State of the 
 reft cf thof: Towns wbcrcv Sangiacks red Je, molt 
 of which are but forry Viilages, and many but foiall 
 Caftles only ; and th»reForc if w? mention no 
 mo'c of them, I I'uppofe ' .• Reatfer will not be dif- 
 picafed : But feveral ancient Towns fcaied in this 
 Province will dtfeive notice, as 
 
 NINITEH. built by Ninwj or by N"wror/, and 
 named in honour of Ninm his Son or Nephew, Itood 
 on the Eatt Bank of the Ti[^>is, ovcragainit where 
 Mouffui now ftands. So inlargcd by its Kings that 
 it became bigger than hnbyica, namely 480 Furlongs 
 or 60 Miles :n cbmpals i th; Wall 100 Foot high, 
 and fo thick as to admit three Chariots to go on it a 
 farcaft, and adorned with 1 1 <;o Towers of loo Foot 
 high, which werefo ftrong as co bethought irnprcR- 
 naTilc ; neither had /trVAca after his three Years 
 Siege taken it, if the River by overflowing had not 
 become its Enemy, and broke down 10 Furlongs of 
 the Wall, thereby tiilAlling an old Prophecy ; and 
 giving the Vidtor entrance. The efTcminatc Sard/i- 
 n/ipahis in the mean time retired into the Palace, and 
 colledinc all his Wealth, which Tradition tells us 
 amounted to 2050c Millions of Pounds Sterling, 
 ftt Fire to the Pile and threw himfclf into it ; an 
 ad of Bravery at laft, which ought to efface his 
 foimer Charaftci of Cowardice. To this City the 
 Prophet 7<"'"»'' was fent to denounce God's Judg- 
 menr, but upon Repentance it was fpat,ed. Deftroy- 
 
 cd afterwards by Ajlyitjtci, the eighth M.-dian Kint 
 Uoxa Arba:"s, becaufc of its frequent Rebellion: And 
 laid fo low in time, that St.. C/n/ of /j/«;iM.<i(<r, ^ 
 the middle of the fifth Century, in his Conimcn: 
 upon the Prophets, fays the Place where it (tooU wu 
 hardly to be dikerncd. And at this tirrc nothinu of 
 it appears, except a heap of Rubbitli a 1 cjgue 1 - 
 length. On a Hill not far from MotijJ'u!, the I'eopif 
 Ihcw the Monument of !7("i4/t, which is in great Vp. 
 neration, and has a Mofqiie built over it. 
 
 Sittiicc, a flourilhing City in ancient time?, which 
 gave Name tothc neighboining Country, llooi] upon 
 the Tigrii. Calarh, in the lame Diflrift, one cf iht 
 Citiesbuiltby N'/»«rw/ ; and by Bol;J,^^ ailed ged to hf 
 the llrtlal; whither the Ifraetitei were carried in iheit 
 Captivity, z Kjig- 1 7- 6. H;-h4oth and HJje/tv, twD 
 Cities built by Nimrcd, the latter fupfxslcd to be the 
 L/trijfu, commended by Xctiffhm as a City of grf?; 
 Strength and E.xtcnt, the Walls whereof were i:- 
 Foot in height, and 25 in breadth j and foStron 
 that Cyrm was unable to take the Place, till an hci:, 
 of the Sun frighted the Defendant.s. Lafth, 
 
 Bctflis featcd in the North limits of this Provin,-c, 
 near the South Shoar of the I.Bke l^r.n, between two 
 Mountains ; is a ftrong Place fubjcd to its own 
 Prince, who it fecms by the a ! vantage of its CalDf 
 feated on a very ftecp Koi k, is able to JefencI him- 
 felf, and rcfufe Subjcdion to '-iihet T; '; or Pofur.. 
 {T4tf I »;>/.) 
 
 CHAP. VII 
 
 TURCOMAN I A. 
 
 the iitrii^r,:: ii 
 
 Or the Ancient A R M E n i .wM a J o r. 
 
 TVif^COMAMA has for its Boundaries 
 on the South MeJofotamU or Dia'kecl^ 
 proper j on the North Georpa ; on the Eall 
 Perjid, and on the Well that pan of Strrr- 
 lit, which was the ancient C*ppixdoiit, ftom which 
 it is parted by the River Kuthratei. Its extent is a- 
 bout too Miles ; in Latitude from the }9th. to the 
 43d. D'greej the Climate Temperate; the Soil 
 much taken up in Mountains, clpccully on ilic 
 Frontiers, but in the Mid-laud Valleys, Fertile and 
 delightful, producing Fruits, Wine, Corn and Pa- 
 fture liberally. The People arc of lliong Bodies 
 and robulV Natures, leafonably Induftriousin Me- 
 chanick Arts as well as Agriculture, nuking Tapi- 
 ftrics and fomc other Stuffs which they vend abroad, 
 but they lie lOiD much out of the way to have iiiucli 
 Traffick at home. Their Lanj'uagc is peculiar to 
 thcmfelves, and ffioken only here, and in .he leffer 
 Armen-s or Capfidoci.t. The prcfent Inhabitants are 
 genenlly Chr(fHani ; but the Government Turliifl-', 
 under the Dominion of the two Bcglerlx'gs of Erzi- 
 rmn and WVn, • the former whereofhas under his Ju- 
 rifdidioD eleven Sangiacks, and the lutrer fourteen 
 •Sangiackii. 
 
 The ChrinUtiity of this Country is a parcicuhr 
 Sfft, holding no Communion with either Greek or 
 I^oman Churches. They deny Purgatory, Tiaiiful)- 
 ftantiation, Prayers for rhe Dead, and Celibacy of 
 Pricfts. J hey allow but one Nature in 'je!u! Chh; 
 abftain Irom unclean Bealts; Baptize with Fire, thit 
 is, hold the Infant over the Fire, to comply iitteral- 
 ly with rlic hxprelFion of St. 'John Bnpujt ; admit 
 Infants to Oinimunion j Faft on Oirifimnui-.i, 
 ''^i. They have two Patriarchs of their own, one in 
 Turcomniiin, and the other in Ci/i'tiVi, and under them 
 Jo Bilhops, and at lead 150C00 Families. 
 
 Its Name A mcnin is fuppcfcd to be derived from 
 the Hebrexf Word iram, which was a Name ih.y 
 extended all over thcic Countries and Syiia. I'ure • 
 mnnij, ii apparently from the Turl{t. 
 
 Briidcs the Rivers Kuphtttei and T);;'^.'. which wc 
 have already told you have their Rife in this Coun- 
 try .; the River Araxes, now called Aiiil]'i\ has it; 
 Fountain here alfo, in the Mount Abos, it runs Ealt- 
 ivard in .1 Serpentine Courfc, and falls into the C/- 
 finn-Se-., in tlif 41 Deg. Lat. after a Courfc ot \- 
 bove •iao Miles, in wliich it i« incrcaled by divcts 
 fmaller PHivcr*, and receives into it the lar,t;c Rivtr 
 Kii', which rifes in Cteor^itt. 
 
 Mountain', 
 
rVKCOMA-NlA, 
 
 S3 
 
 A. 
 
 Mountains, here are many, the rnoft: confiderable 
 are the Mr'chici, in ihi: Northern limits bending 
 Weftward towards <?':f;',i</'x;rf. N.'piMtes out of which 
 the Eiipliritn fl.-iws. The Moti/es GordUni fuppofcd by 
 fome to be the Mount -Irar.-.r where Ni<ih'» Ark refted. 
 The A4ouiitain which the Armcnims alledged to 
 lie Mount /Irnrat, Mr. Tj< f^n/.-r cells us begins a- 
 bout i Miles from N.ick/iv.vi, a Town in the Ea/l 
 Borders of Armenie, and rifes to a much g-cater 
 hcighth than the other Mountain*, fo as to be feen 
 at five days Journey diftancc, called by the Inhabi- 
 tants Mtjjoufal,!. e. TheM^tirtr.iin cf fl>.- ,4>/;,to which 
 they pay a profonrd Veneration, anj preteild to 
 (liew lomc parr of the Ark (till remaining. 
 
 PniicJnis now dnfiicr, a Mountain towards the 
 Frontiers of (Jccrgii-.^ a part of which bears the name 
 of Abes, whence flows the Arnxct as already faid. 
 And finally in the fo'.'.th limits fome Branches of 
 Mount T(7u>f/.', divide <4'>ni-"> from MefofiUamia. 
 
 The Hiftory of this Country in (hort fcems to be 
 thus, H«/or c. ji/the Son of -ham, and Mrfech the 
 Smofjaphcf, were the lirft Planters ; grown popu- 
 lous, it fcon became a Kingdom, and continued for 
 many Ages. In Hiftory v.'e find that Tigrr.nes their 
 King, extended hisDoinininns on every fide. Media, 
 SyU, and Pranicia being fubjciScd to him, but with 
 the Defeat ot Tigranes liy l.ticuilus in the Mitbritia- 
 tuk. War, the /iinitniam were again dri\ en home, 
 and T/i;/iiw.''s Kingdom reftrained to A menin-iniijor. 
 Mi.rt-Aiuc.ny rriok Atavitjiia King of ."/i/TicniVi Fri- 
 foner, and fui: him in Golden Fetters to R^fmc. 
 Trdjitii reduced Arm'nl.t into a Province : But 
 it recover, d its I,ibert> , and was governed by its 
 own Kiiij:s lo Ccnjtti-iii.r's time and afterwards, but 
 Feudatorif. to the Enpeiors till A. D. 687. that 
 the iVvJ^'/;.' invaded rind Uibdi-cJ it. Thofe held 
 it till the Irrupri'T of the Turh out of Scythi/i, 
 who poffefTcd thenifelvcs of this Province, and 
 gave it tile Name rX Tuicomnn. which happened as 
 feme fay //. O. 7><;. or as orhers W. 844. The 
 lurks employing thtmfelvcs in other Conqiiells, gave 
 the Armcnir.ys oppcrt .nicy of fettinp up Kings of 
 their own, who were agaiii lulducil hy the Tauf.rs, 
 but not extirpated, there (till remaining Armenian 
 Kings, one of whom fuccecdid in the Throne of 
 P<T/M, and made Armenia a Province of that Em- 
 pire, A-O. 1471. But it was Conauer'd at laf\ by 
 the Sultan Siiimns I, Anno 1^1)- and ever fincc fiib- 
 jeiitto the Twh, except the Eailern Part, which the 
 ftrjUi' ftill holds. 
 
 Having fpcken of the Rife of the ^iir/!:{in Empire 
 in Aribin^ we will here give the Reader the fame 
 (hort view of the Rife of the Turk'fh Power- 
 To omit the many fabulous Stories about the ori- 
 gine of the TV[{}^SU Nation.'tis fufficient to lay that 
 the heft coiijciilure is, that they were of Scjthiin ex- 
 tiaflion 1 and the Inhabitants of the Country lying 
 between Mount Ca/.r.i/uj and the Pnlut \1.totii, along 
 the Banks of the Rivet D n or Idmiis, fprcading in 
 the Snniiitiiii-Afinticit, to the Banks of the Cajpinn- 
 St/i. Which Ai:count agrees with Piinjf and Pomp. 
 Mela, who both mention 4 Nation in thcfe Parts 
 called Titrc they were in nature like the Scythian 
 Nm/iJei, A roVicg Generation that lived in Tents up- 
 on Hunting, .ind changed their Quarters as their in- 
 clinations led thein Why ihcy came more South- 
 ward is unknown, but lis related by .Authors, 
 that about the middle of the eighth Century , 
 they made an inroad into Georgia, where they 
 TOoimittcd Plunder and Ravage and retired. A- 
 
 bout jtnn. Dorm. 844 (as »JJ Authors agieej they 
 brake in again and penetrated as, fax as Armtnin- 
 major, where they fixed and lived in their old poor 
 manner, an obfcure Nation, till a Jictle after the 
 Year 1000. when the Pufinn Sultan being prcffed in 
 his War.? againft the Indum on one iide, and the 
 Caliph of Ur.bfhn on the other, invited the Twk,' 
 intohis Service. Three Thoiifand of them under the 
 Command of JWn^ro/i'^i.x accordingly m.i.r<.hed tn his 
 afliftance, and overcame hi& Enemy : but the Sultan 
 ungratefully refufed to pay and difmifs them, with 
 which difgufted they retired into a WiJderncfs, theit 
 paffage Home being Ihut up by the Perjmns. From 
 thatFaftnefs, they made Excurilons and pilkged the 
 neighbouring Country ; wherefora the Su'tan fent 
 20000 Men againlt them, whom by fiirprize they 
 entirely Defeated, and thereby fo encrcafjd their 
 numbers, that: foon after they encountered t|ie Sultan 
 himfelf at the head of his Atmy near Ifphhai!, 
 and after a terrible Battle, hvhcrcin the Sultan Ma- 
 hornet himfelf was killed, they obtained a iccond 
 Vidtory. Ta>ig>o/ipix hereby afcended the Throne 
 of t'eifi/i, and turning M.«/jo»)fM« was unanimoully 
 acccgpttd their Kihg abotlt A. D. lojo. Thus we 
 fee the Tiitkifh Power already raifed tt)' a liith De- 
 gree, but TtHgrcpilix ftopped not here, for he foon 
 made War upon the Ciliph of BAbilon, flew him 
 and feized his Kingdom. He next attempted the 
 Ccnquefl of Ar.ihia en one fide, and Mfdi/i on the 
 Other, but without fucccfs ; he alfo invaded tlie/f/7n- 
 AJia-, where by the tr cans of the Diffentions at Con- 
 ftnr.iinopte, which left the Provinces ntgleded, his 
 Son Aitnn and Nephew Citthi M ft-s advanced with 
 great fuccefs. The various prr^gri. Is of their Arms, 
 ailu the feveralDefeais they futiered in the Holy-War, 
 is too large a fuhjedl tor us to enter upon here ; 'tis 
 fufficicnt to fay that they polfefled the Government of 
 Perfia till about Anno 1160. when the Td' Mix under 
 Prince Haolm invaded that Kingdom, and with as 
 hafly fuccefs as before the Ti.<j had had, over-ran 
 both Prrlra, Affyria and Al'n-minor, and for that 
 time levelled the Tuti^P: Grandeur. But it pleafed 
 the Divine Providence to permit it to rife again; 
 ■ d in Placeof a Tangropilix, to raife up an Ottoman 
 
 be a Scourge to the mutinous ''itriflinni. 
 
 All he fa me time that T/ing<-' iitrix his Pollcrity were 
 chief Sultans, there was another Imall Kitu^dom ot 
 Th(';j in a Part of Pcfm, under a Prince of another 
 Family ; for it fcctns there were two iminenr Fami- 
 lies, namely the S(?/^r' i«it whence /'j ^'clipix came, 
 and the Oy;;i(;n whence Otremnn deli aided. Sol)- 
 man the Grandfather f^i' Ottoman, Sultan of SUchan, 
 for that was his Ti'/e, feeing Cinjiirnei ( the lall of 
 the .^f/i^wccJtfB Family ) arid his < ountry become the 
 Vitftime of the Tartar, had Ir ;■ hopes to cfcape 
 his fury, by any other means .m Ai^hr, accord- 
 ingly he with as many cf his Kindred and Friends 
 as would follow him, retreated firft towards Arme- 
 nia, thence into Crt/'prtf/-ii:M and. s>Mf, and afterwards 
 cndeavourirg to return Home, had the iiusfortune to 
 be drowned in the Euphrates. Ertofy his San the 
 Fatherof O/rom.iw witlihisCarts r.l .iry Equipage, 
 begged of Ins Countryman the "lutian of ieon/j/m, a 
 fmall traiil of I.,jnd 10 relide in ; aiuiatthe fame time 
 gave that Sultan fo feafonable an AifiltaiKe with his 
 tmall Army againU thcT.ir»!r rhenat War with him, 
 that an entire Victory was obtained, and thereby heeffe- 
 tflually I'btained hisFa vour.aod ha j the grant of a piece 
 of Land ; where he fed his Flotk.s, and lived to an old 
 Age, a petty Prince without regard His SooOoc* 
 
 ' . iif :!| 
 ■- -'''i.Tpl'i 
 
 »>■'«, 
 
I ' •»■<» 
 
 i. 
 
 i 
 
 54. 
 
 TVRK^r in AS I J. 
 
 man prov'd a Man of an enteiprizing Wife and Cou- 
 ragioos Nature, who, from (he taking of foiall 
 Caftks in hit own Neighbourhood whidi he be- 
 gan with, proceeded to the attacking of great 
 Cities ; and in a little time Uice and Piufi, with a 
 large part of Afit-minor, felt the Power of his 
 Sword, and fibmitted to his good Fortune. In 
 Ihort Ottoman tteSitA a newKingdomof the Jur^t' in 
 jifia Minor, which continued to encreafe with large 
 Additions, till in the End Cotifiantinotle became the 
 Seat of their Empire, ai we have eltewherc (hewn. 
 This (hort view is fufficieni to give the Reader a ge- 
 neral Idea, of this Rife of the great Monarchy, 
 which wai all we Pron\ifed him, the particulars of 
 every Adion tying not the purpofe ot this Work, 
 But to proceed, 
 
 The Chief Ci 
 TurctmtniM, are 
 
 , . _ (Er^etum, J (Irvan, 
 uiesol }n/anoiytin,> <^Nacl(JI% 
 
 Br:{eruni, feated on the Eufhratei near its Spring 
 head, in the North limits towards Georgia, Latit. 
 41 Deg. a noted Town with a Caftle arid Snburbs, 
 ia the Capital of Tmiomania, and the Scat of a fieg- 
 lerbcg. The Town is not very large, and the Build- 
 ings of Timber, but the Caftle is built of Stone and 
 very flrong. It (lands at the end of a fpacious Plain, 
 which prmluces good Wheat and Barlev, but-^o 
 Vines ; on the North and Eaft, lie Ridges of Moun- 
 tains, from whence a bleak Air falling upon the 
 Town, makes it cftcem'd a cold Place ; it is a 
 thorowfare for the Eaflern Caravans, and a Maga- 
 zine for the Turkifl} Wars in Pcrfia. (Sit john Char- 
 din.) The Rivet I Euphrates has its Spring in the 
 Mountain Aphrat or Mingol, fix Houn journey from 
 Er:{erum. (GemcBi.) 
 
 U'f.n or Van, a large Town with a Caftle feated 
 on the fide of a Lake to which it givesName.near the 
 Frontiers of Diarbtek, in the 40 Degree of Latitude, 
 the Seat of a Beglcrbeg and a populous Place. T/i- 
 veinier palTed thro' it in the Year 1664. and tells us 
 it was i great City^ having in it a Arong Calilc 
 built on a Mountain, which was ineffectually be- 
 fteged by the Prr/Ion; in 1636. it ia always wellGar- 
 rifoned, ai being an important Frontier. 
 
 The Lake oT Ko* is of large extent being re- 
 ckoned 50 Miles in corapaft, and is Navigated by 
 linall Ships,which makes r4<^i«i a Village.feated on the 
 South fide by reafon of itsHarbour a reinarkablePlace. 
 
 Kart, feated 1 00 Miles Norih-Eaft from Er:{eriim, 
 within the limits of Georgia ; but being Aibjeifl to 
 the Tu>(^ whereas Gfor^M in general isfubjedl to the 
 Petfian, we (hall confidcr it here. It is a large 
 Town and very ftrongly rortified, abounding with 
 allNeceflaiiesof Life, yet not very populous, altjio' 
 the Grand-Seignior has often endeavoured to draw 
 People 10 it ; tis (tie Seat of a Beglerbeg, who has 
 (ix Sangiacks under his Jiirifdidlion, Its two Walls 
 are of Earth with l\nall Towers, two Gates, and as 
 inany Bridges on the fide of the River and Suburb. 
 
 the Fort which ftands on a Rock is inacccfliblo, there 
 is a good Garrifon in it, arid 40 Horfe go out night- 
 ly to fcour the Country. The Houfes by reafon 01 
 thetbinnefsof Inhabttahis are mean and like Ucu^ 
 of Timber and Earth. (Gemelli.) 
 
 IvanoxErivan, a large City, but ill built anil 
 duty, furnifticd with Gardens, which rake up the 
 greateft part of the GtounJ ; is feated in a pl.ntu 
 ful Champion Country, furrownded by Mountains : 
 on the Eaftcrn Frontiers of 'tnrccmania in 41. D.' 
 15 M. Lat. Two Rivers pafs by It, namrly the 
 3^ftig$i$ on the North-weft, and the 'i^erhuhct^ 
 on the Souih-weft. The Houfes and Walls are of 
 Earth, the Suburbs better inhabited than the Cicy,i|,e 
 Merchants, Artificers, and Anneman Ch'^ftiurisliw,-^ 
 in them, in the City and Suburbs arc divers C'« i}/„„. 
 Churches, one whereof is Epifcopal or Patriarchal, 
 and the City is a great Market for Silk. On ih; 
 North fide of it at a Miles diftancc, ftands upon the 
 fido of a craggy Rock a ftrong Foitrefs, which isfui 
 rounded with three Walls, and eftccmed imprcgna- 
 bly lUong. Ihis Fort is large, beirg four MiJc^ 
 round, and contains 800 Houks, wherein nonr b,it 
 Natural Peijiaiis are allowed to inhabit ; for iliij 
 City is fubjeijt to the King of Pcrjiri. In.tn was of- 
 ten taken and retaken by the Tu'k.s and I'rjiin:, till 
 finally in the Year lijj. it was united to Pe/.'; 
 ( Taveruiet and CLartliti.) 
 
 Near I'van is a notable Monadry dcfcrlbid [y 
 Sir Join Chardin, called V.cs-miasim, built by the Ar- 
 menian Chrijliam in Memory of tne Defccnt oiChift^ 
 who they pretend, came down hither from Heavci:, 
 to vilit St. Gregory their Patron Saint ; this Place is 
 held in great Honour by them, and is a fair Church 
 built over the Place St. G^e^or;' ftood when fo viliicJ, 
 furrounded with a large Quadrangle, wherein ,irc 
 the Cells of the Monks. The Atmenian Pjttiarch 
 refides at hvan or fometimes at this Monaftry. 
 
 Nackjivan, fubjcdl alfo to the Pcrfian, ftands :i 
 Leagues South from Ivan; it is a vciy large but 
 ruinous City, containing (when Sit John Cimr.ln 
 was there Anno 1671.) iooo Houfes, but daily rp- 
 creafing, having had as tne Pnfi.ms reported, no 
 lels than 40000 Houfes in it, together with a large 
 Caftle and divers Forts, which at that time weic alio 
 in Ruiiu, the City having at fevcral iiiics been ini- 
 ferably haralTed by the Tml<i and Prfimi. This 
 may be the Naxtiana of Ptolemy, or probably the /»■- 
 laxata, built by the direftion of HaniLa! bv Wrj.vr', 
 one of the Kings of Armenia, and memorable in the 
 Upman Hiftory for the Battle between Lucullm ai J 
 Miihridalet ; for Tacitus places that City near ihc 
 River Araxes, and this ftands but 7 Leagues fioin 
 it, fays Sir John Chat din. Nacljivan fignifics iht 
 Station of a Ship, whence the y4>mrai<iMj fay it was 
 built by Noah altbon as he came out of the Ark, and 
 fo named in memory of it.. 
 
 Other Towns here are, but none fo confidcrablc 
 as to deferve particular Defcription ; we Ihall ihen- 
 fore here clofe our Account of the Tu'k'f" Domi- 
 nions in /ijiit. 
 
 GEORGIA 
 
55 
 
 GEORGIA, 
 
 MENGRELI A, CIRCASSI A W COMANI A. 
 
 HAving Trav filed thro' all the '/Iftntick, 
 Turkey ; we Ihall now before ne enter 
 Pfi-yj/t, take a view of the Country 
 lying between the Euxitu and the Cuf- 
 l.ii'i: A Land whofe natural Fertility would 
 tender it happy, if the Induftry of the Natives were 
 nrt wantini; : But altho' Chriliir.nin be profeired a- 
 Miong thtni, the Men arc of fo rude and vicious a 
 Nature, that tliey neither by Ingenuity and Labour 
 perform any Mtchanirk Works, nor cultivate the 
 Soil 10 as to produce any quantities of their Native 
 Commodities, whereby to invite Strangers thither 
 for Trade ; nor indeed is it quite fafc for a Stranger 
 10 Travel among them, which Sir John Charditi's rc- 
 liilon of the Perils he underwent, notwithAanding 
 he was proteded by the King of Pcrfia's Pafs, give 
 Bitoo plain a Proof of. 
 
 The Chief Traffick of the Country is in Boys and 
 Girls, a barbarous Trade ! yet fuch an one as is ge- 
 nerally pradifed here, efpecially in Mengretix ; the 
 Piremsftll their Children,the Matters their Servants, 
 the Ijords their Tenants, and in ftiort every Man fells 
 e»fry Man they have or can obtain Power over, to 
 the Ttirkj and Pcrfmns ; who make ufc of them in 
 their Armies and Seraglio's, as Slaves, Mutes, 
 Emiithf, Soldiers or Statefincn, as the Capacities of 
 (heir Petfens, or the Favoursof their Mafters recom- 
 mend them : But more of this hereafter. By this fel- 
 ling off their People, the Land is thin of Inhabitants, 
 fa you are not to expc£t maiiy or gteat Cities here; 
 irtnt ate fiwken of by Travellers, we (hall give you 
 in Account of, in palTtng thio' thefe Four Countries j 
 which lie thus. 
 
 dEOH^GIA, wherein the two petty Kingdoms 
 of C»r<iutti« and Ggguttia are contjprehended, lies on 
 the North of Turcnrndnin • between the Ctuctjan 
 Mountains on the North, and the Monies Mofcbifi 
 oftthe South, Meny^i-eht on'&ic WefV, and the Cnf- 
 frttt-Seit on the Eaft. The Country is Moancainoifi 
 ind Woody, which has protwfted it from abfoJutc 
 Conqucft, The Soil produces neceflaries for Life, 
 and Wino in good plenty. Sit John Chariiin fpeaJcs 
 ibos, Gro'girt IS as ferule a Land as can be feen, 
 iHf Bread is good as in any Part of the World, the 
 Hmia are excellent and of divers forts, no Place in 
 Rmi^e yields better Vean and Appto, nor rvi Place 
 id 'Wc better Pomgranates ; there are alfo abun- 
 dirttc of Cattle, Venifon and wild Fowl of all fort* ; 
 •nd the River Kjir is well hlled with Fifli ; the Wine 
 i^ fo rich thatthe King of Fwyj^, has always of it for 
 his own drinking; Sills alfo is here produced, but 
 "ot half what Travellers report. The Inhabitants 
 •re Kobiift, Valiant, Merry, great lovers of Wine, 
 "nl teputej very Trufty and Loyal, of good Natu- 
 
 ral Parts, but for want of Education very Vicious. 
 The Women are generally very Fair and Comely, 
 and fuch is their Beauty that it recommends them 
 to the Court of the King of Perfia, whofe faireft: 
 SultanelTcs are Georgian Women. Nattue has over- 
 fpread the Woaien with Graces, no where elfe to be 
 teen ; 'tis iinpodibie to fee them and not love them : 
 ihey are of full Stature, clean Limbs, fmall Waftes, 
 Fair and very proportionate. (Chardin) Georgia is go- 
 verned by itsown Princes, fubordinate to the King of 
 PerjU, and are of the Mahometan Religion, altho' the 
 Subjefts are generally Chriftiam of the Greek. Church. 
 
 1 he prefent Georgia, or Gurgieii, and Ourgijlan, 
 was the ancient Iberia, whofe Inhabitants arc noted 
 in Hiftory for their Valour ; fo called from thi- 
 River Ibtrus, which runs thro' it. The Name Geor- 
 gia, is Aippofcd to be derived from St. George the 
 Martyr, who is their tutelar Saint. It is divided as 
 we have faid, into two Im^ll Kingdoms, of 
 
 Carthuel or Carduelia, the Wcftcrn Pan, whofe 
 chief Towns are TfJ/fi/, Gor),Suram ; and C.i<« or 
 Gdgui(i«, the Eaftern part, chief Town Zagan. 
 
 Tefflis or Tephlii, called Cr.U by the Perfians, the 
 Capital of all thefe Countries, lips in the Lat. 44. 
 Long. 66. near the Confluence of the River iheruj, 
 with the Cyrus or Kjo; \6o Miles Weft from the 
 Coafls cf the Cafpian-Sea, 150 Mdes from the 
 F.uxine-Sca, and 240 .North-call from Er^^emm. The 
 Ptrfitn Maps fays Sir "John Chardin, lay it down in 
 Lat. 43. ;. Long. S3, but the Longitude being cor- 
 rected in OMt M'^P^ as we told you at thebcginnir^, 
 we may be allowed to adhcrcxo it, and fay Tfjjiis 
 lies in Long. 66. Sir John Chardin glvcj us this dc- 
 Icription of it ( This City is one of thchDcftof Pei- 
 fia, (for he reckoits it, part of that Bmpiti') altho' it 
 be not very large. It is iVf ^ct! at the bottom of a 
 Mountain, whofe Foot on the Baft iide, is walhed 
 by tlje River K.ur, which River fprings in the Mpun- 
 taiits of Getrgfi, and falls into the /iraxus. If is fiu- 
 roundcd with geod Walls, e^cccpt on thelvivcr Cde 
 where the Ground is firm Rock ; on the South tide 
 on the declivity of the Mountain ftands a large Ca- 
 ftle, wherein patural Perfmns oply are permitted to 
 inhabit, and to fuch it is an Afiliim or Refuge foi- 
 all Criminals ^ $liis CaAlc^ lies uppn the Road to 
 Petjia, and.tbei;cforcthc Prince of Gro/W/i, when he 
 receives Lettetif or Prefenis from tb^t King, being 
 obliged to go out oi" the Town to meet them, paUcs 
 thro It, but fcldom without Terror, lead fomc pri- 
 vate O/dw bic fcitt to the Governor lo feizc hiir.' 
 The City is very Populous, a Place of gicat Trade, 
 and one ihall no wburc Ice fo many Strangers of 
 dirt'crent Nations ; the Ctmit of the (Vcoi^utu Pfinci.', 
 who IS but Vice-roy to the King of (Vi/m, is Nume- 
 rous 
 
 5, ,■ '■;) 
 
 
 i% 
 
 ij-i- 
 
 *l 
 
 kffiil 
 
 •m 
 
■*< . 
 
 5^ 
 
 MENGRELIA. 
 
 roiis and Mafinificcnt, being attended by many Gen- 
 tlemen of DiftindVion, he is a Mnhomet.in by Profef- 
 linn, (but a Chiftian in his Heart) which he muft 
 adjure to obtain the Dignity. His Palace is a fuinp- 
 cuous Building, adorned with large State Rooms and 
 fine Gardens, a large Volary with variety of Birds 
 of Strange kinds, and the Hncft Falconry that can be 
 fccn ; before the Palice is a llrge Sqiiare, wuh Sta- 
 bling for looo Hone; and beyond it there is a 
 lung Bazar or Exchange with vacibty of Shops, 
 which opens againll the Palace-gate, and affords a 
 very handfome profpcift. There are no Icfs than 
 \\Cm-ijlinn Churches in Tcffis, and not one Mofque, 
 except in the Caftle one has been lately built, the 
 Inhabitants having always oppofcd in Tumults the 
 building any in the City; the Cathedral is large 
 and built of Stone, Ancient but in good Repair; 
 us form is a Crofs, with a large Dome in the middle. 
 The Bilhop's or Tihf trie's ( for fo he it called) Houfc 
 aiTjoins to the Church ; of the other Chnrche«, Six 
 ;iie held by the (.ieorf^ians, and the reft by the Anne- 
 yilws ; the /<^ («/in-Catholiclt Miiiionarics have cn- 
 vicavoured to crcift a Church here, but have fo^nd 
 but litilc encouragement ; the ArmcnUns have alfo 
 ;\ Biftiop here, who rcfidcs in a Monaftry called 
 fWl ■t-~:ii.c. The Publick Buildings are fine and 
 I'Uilr of Stone, as arc the B.»^i'/ or Markets, and 
 and the Cjravr.nlfr,t'<i or Publick Inns. There are 
 Hot-Baths in the Caftic : And roundabout the Town 
 many Houfesof Pleafure and Gardens. 
 
 (•(" V, is a fmall City, lituate in a Plain between 
 t wo Mountains, on the Banks of the River Kji>' at 
 the foot of an Eminence, upon the top whereof 
 ftands a Caftic, which is guarded by natural Per- 
 fi.uii. It was built about 80 Years ago, by I{uJ}an 
 Can General of the Perfitn Armies, aiidis Uarrifon'd 
 with loo Soldiers. The Town tho' fmall is inha- 
 bited by rich Merchants, and well fupplied wiUi all 
 NecffTaries Tor Life. 
 
 Swmn, is a Town fmaller than G07, but the Ca- 
 ftle which ftands near it, is large and well built, and 
 has alfo 1 00 Men in Garnfon. 
 
 ^igin, the Capital of the Principality of Cakft 
 or Gr.giientii:, ftands upon the River /0"'» about 
 80 Miles South from Tcffis, a Place which is marked 
 in the Maps, and named by Geographers as a Place 
 of note, and yet I find not any particulars of it in 
 Travellers or Authors. Sir Jtlm CharHin mentions a 
 Village named S(ig.tn-lau (ituate upon the Kjir, but a 
 fmall days Journey from 'Teffiis ; but this docs not 
 agree cither in Situation or Defcription with the 
 ■^J/i^rtwwc look for. The fame Gentleman mentions 
 feveral Towns in his Paflage from TfJ//i/ to Inm, 
 amon^ which Cupikenc, notable for a ftately Bridge 
 over a River named Talmdi. Metikfut or Royal Vil- 
 lage. And Dilyjiin, a Village of 300 Houles near 
 the Frontiers of Armeniti. 
 
 Ctchtt, by fome reckoned the Capital of that 
 Country, is notable for a fair Church dedicated to 
 
 St. Ctorgr. 
 
 h muft be noted that the ancient Altanin, Ir.y 
 where istheprefem(."in^M"ifi(i, but extended farther 
 into the Province of I'erfm, now called Scirvnn to 
 the Banks of the Cajpim-irn. 
 
 MENG I^ELIA, together with Imeritiit, Gau- 
 ri/i and Samfea, all formerly fubjeft to one Monarch, 
 form a Country of larger extent than Georgia, but by 
 Travellers is rtckoneu into that Country, and the 
 general Name of Georgia given ;o the whole. 
 
 Uuria, Goiirj, otCuriel, is the South Part lying ot: 
 the Coaft of the Bladi-Sct, and extending wuhm 
 Land about 80 Miles. 
 
 Samfea, another fmall Province, if not rather a 
 Part of Giiriel, lies on the back of it on the Eaft 
 extending to the Mountains which p«rt ir from 
 C.eoiji^ia. It is fubjeiit to its own Priii.e, a Tribu- 
 tary to the Tuut, biniurinit no City or Town of 
 nntc, as Archang. Lnmlertui a Traveller in this 
 Country tells us. it was formerly part ot the lelict 
 Ai nunin. 
 
 Imeiitia, lies on the North of boththcfe, between 
 Merigrclia on the North-weft, and ''j rjj/a on the 
 Eafl, extending to the MagnituJc cf be h the lalt 
 named Provi^iccs. 
 
 Mengreli/i, lie; more Nnrilm'ard upon the Noiili 
 and Eaft Coaft jf the BUcl^-Sta, and within Lar)d 
 to the Mountain Cacuiifus. 
 
 JJeyond thefc ' o the Weft ward on the Coaft of the 
 B/,uli,-Seit, live 4' T.titar Race of Men called the 
 Al/cf.s. 
 
 Altho' thefeall account themfelves fcperate People, 
 and have each haJ their fcperate Governments, yti 
 One has ufually prevailed, and keeps the others un- 
 der, the King of lmiiit:a was and may (till be 
 eftccmcd chief, but not without paying 1 ributc tu 
 the Tinh. The Governaicnt cannot be very con- 
 ftanr, for both Tar/;/ and Tntini do fre^jucntly in- 
 vade the Land, and the latter nuke horriJ Devafta- 
 tion when they come. 
 
 MIC !^GH^ELI A, is the ancient Co/Jw, under 
 which Name 'tis memorable for the famous Voyage 
 of the Argtmiiti, whiih Apchdorui and others 
 have celebrated in their excellent Poems, the Foctical 
 Story of the Golden-Fleece and the Dragon is well 
 known - The truth whereof as far as can be collcdted 
 from Hiftory is only thus, 
 
 In the Infant Age of Grteee, before the States of 
 Atheni, Sparta, Corinth, £s'r. were rtnowncd in the 
 World, before the Siege of Tfcy, and before the 
 Ifraelitet were governed by Kings, ( for this Expedi- 
 tion is applied to the 1 ith. Year of Gidan) about 
 A.M. 1700. The Realm of Cuif/'oj was renowned 
 for its Plenty, and /Eto the King of it famous for 
 his exceflive Wealth, which excited a fett of young 
 Heroes, that happened to live in Gieice at that time, 
 namely "Jafin, Orpbaui, the two Brothers C.tjhr and 
 Pollux, Telamm and Pelem Sons of yE-ieui, ana Fa- 
 thers of Ajax and Achilles, l. in tei the Father of Wr/- 
 j'es, Amphiarui the Southfayer, Hircuht, ThejcwuA 
 othen, to (hew their Bravery in an Expedition to 
 this famous Country, not with pretence of Con- 
 queft, for their Number was too fmall, nor without 
 pretence of Gain ; and confequcntly upon no odiet 
 Pretence but Plunder, but foft, leaft fome Pedantick 
 admirer of Antiquity hear. They embarked in i 
 Ship named Arto, whence the Adventurers arc called 
 Arronauti, anu paifingthro' the HeUeJpont, Pnttntii, 
 and Thracian-Bojphorm , valiantly launched out 
 into the Euxini-Sea, and arrived • at latt at King 
 Aitet Court, where they were kindly entertained ; 
 bis Wealth, which is the Golden-Fleece fo much 
 talked of, they eyed with covetous defire of'' iff 
 ing ; but the Guards, which is the Dru^^n, wtte 
 too watchful to be furprized. But what their Va- 
 lour could not cifc£l, Love performed ; for Mcdu 
 the Davghter of Jites, charmed with the handfome 
 mien Of Jajon became his Viiftim, and fur Ins laKe 
 fell into their meafures, and by het Art circunivcm- 
 ed the Guards, aod brought ctf the Wealth ; with 
 
 whicb 
 
MEKIGRELIJ 
 
 57 
 
 which returning imoGretce, gavetlie Poets occaflon 
 of drcfling up that fine Story. 
 
 Forth..- '.lESENT STATE of this Country, we 
 cannot In tter inform the Reader, than from the Ac- 
 count of Sir iohti Chnrdin, who «va» the laft Traveller 
 that way •• He paffed quite thro' it, and being a Gen- 
 iltman of Integrity, an Abftraft of him will nndoubt- 
 tdly be acceptable. 
 
 The COLCHIDE called Odlfchc by the Orientals, 
 liesat the End of the Blacl(.Sea, bounded on the Eaft 
 b) a Imall Kingdom, called Imtritia jonthe South by 
 the hiack-Sca j on the Weft by the Abcai ; and on 
 the North by Mount Ctiucafus ; the River Corax or 
 Cuiu'/on the Weft fcpetates it from the Abcns, [a 
 Nation of rude People fo called ] and the River 
 Vimjui or Hjcne on the Eaft and South, divide* it 
 fiDtn hieiitia and Gan'icl. Its length is no Mile?, 
 jikI the brea'lth 60. Formerly it was well de- 
 fciiJcJ from tlu' Alc-.r, by a Wall of 60 Miles in 
 knstli.bvit that is long Cncc dcflroyed,an<l the Forcfts 
 arc at prefeiit its beft Defences. The Inhabitants 
 of that part of Mount Cauca/ui which bounds upon 
 C'.Vn/, are the Wmwc/, the Sunnes, the Gigites, and 
 ihe CiiHiioki or Cnrn-ddl^:^ People more barba- 
 rous than their Names. Thefe Ca^acherkj, that is td 
 fay ti^ack. Citc.ifji.iits, are the Southern ChenJJi/ini, 
 tthoaliho' thus termed bv the I'u'kj, are nevertnelefs 
 as fair Piople as any ; and were formerly Chrljliant, 
 vihich appears by fuinc things in their Behaviours, 
 arJfomeCeremcnits which they ufe, but at prefent 
 they are without Religion. '1 hey live by Rapine, 
 go almolt quite naked, know nothing of I iberal 
 Arts, and have almolt nothing Humane but Speech. 
 
 The Ancient Kingdom of Coklm was of larger 
 extent, reaching from the Frontiers of Iberia Weft- 
 ward, to the Palui Mxotis. The chief City of the 
 fame name, to which the Argonauts fail'd, ftood at 
 the mouth of the River Phnfii, where ( fay fomc 
 Modern Geographers,) ftands a City nam'd Fafo in 
 itsl'iacc; but this, fays my Author, I can aflure is 
 falle. 
 
 The Soil is unequal. Hills, Mountains, Valleys 
 anJPlains, o criun with Woods, and but here and 
 thtr; cultivated. The natural Produce is but fmall 
 forwiintof Till.igc, nd tho' there are all the kinds 
 of Fruits that arc found in r.'ipl.iiid 1 yet grow- 
 ing wild they have little Tafte and breed Oifcafcs. 
 The Vine alone yields its Fruit to Perfection, al- 
 tho' it be left to uat it fe.f round the Bodies of 
 Trfcs ; and did the People underftand the true Art of 
 miking Wine, that of this Country would l>e the 
 btll in the World ; for as it is, with their rude or- 
 deiing, 'tis plealant to the Talte, good in the Sto- 
 iracli. ami of a Itroiig Body. Mevy/flia abounds 
 with Water, many Rivers falls down fiom Mount 
 CiMjiu, and paMing thro' the Cruntry, empty L'ltQ 
 the Bkil(.Sea ; the chief of which are the Corax or 
 CiiJeuii, the Socnn which is the Trjan of Avian, and 
 the7i, 'r,,/, of Ptolemy, the Lan^ur called AJhlpU 
 by the h icknrs, the K^ctmhet or i'.obo, and the Rjone 
 or P/'.i//,;, .vhich rcicivcs in its Courfc the Abufeia or 
 C:.w:ui, and the Sl^l'inif■.l>i or Hyppui. 
 
 Ihcfe render the Ground damp, which receives 
 the Grain thrown loofcly upon it into root imme- 
 li'stely. Riir for their f.'"" a fort of Pulle of much 
 "ewith rhfm, thoy make holds in the Ground and 
 Plant It . of this Can they make a Pafte, which is 
 uled fbr Bread among the common Pcoi'l? : Wheat 
 ini Barley, and .'^nir Rice grows here but in fmali 
 ■liistiiitics, at'.d is only ufcd by the better fort. 
 
 They have Beeves and Hogs m plenty, ui'd Boars. 
 Stags, and otbLr Venifon excellently good, as alfu 
 Patridge Pheafant, Quails, and other wild Fowl in 
 Plenty ; they have alfo Falcons, and even Eagles 
 and Pelicans tome hither from Mount Cacattjm ; 
 whence alfo they are fumetimcs vifitcd by I. ions, 
 Leopards, Tygres, Wolves^ and Jaccalls. Here arc 
 Horles pretty good and in great number, every body 
 has them, for they coO nothing the keeping; asfoon 
 as they alighr, they unbridle and turn him ioofe to 
 Graze. 
 
 There are no Cities nor Tewns in Mengrelia, two 
 Villages only on the Sea-Coaft, but otherwhere, the 
 Houles are difpcrfed in two's and three's together ac 
 every' Mile's dillance. There are 9 or 1 o Caftles, the 
 Principal named i^«", wherein the Prince of Mingre- 
 lia retires, has Stone- walls, burfbiry ones, andeafie 
 to be deftroyed. fhc other Caftlesare but enclofures 
 of Trees laid a crofs, and filled up with Earth and 
 iitones. The Houles are built of Timber, poor, in- 
 commodious, andverynady; the ordinary People's 
 of one Story only, without Chimney or Window, 
 the Fire is made on the Ground in the middle of 
 the Houfc, and the Light comes in at the Door ; 
 and the better fort have but one upper Floor. 
 
 The People are very handfomc, the Men general- 
 ly well made, and the Women very beautiful. The 
 People of Quality are very graceful, wear the Perfmn 
 Habit, and appear with naajcftick Air and good 
 Shape. The Women have fuch engaging looks that 
 they command affeiStion, they have Wit and good 
 Addrefs, but in their Heart are Pioud, Cruel, Per- 
 fidious, Impudent, and in general Pradice all the 
 Tricks, Cheats and Coquettties that can be thought 
 on. The Men are yet worfe, for there is no fort of 
 evil that they do not addidt thcmfelves to. Theft is 
 what they are bred up in, 'tis their whole Study and 
 Employ ment,uid what they make their Glory ; Mur- 
 der, Inceft, Whoredom, Adultery and Lying, arc 
 no Vices with them. They Marry their Aunt, 
 Niece, or other Relations, and take two or three 
 Wives if they pleafe, and as many Concubines as 
 they will. The Husbands li^e with great Liberty 
 void of ]ealouGe, anc upon the Fai5t of apparent 
 Adultery, be only levi-.s 'he Imall fine of a Hog up- 
 on the Gallant, which ticy eat togetiier. They 
 maintain the reafonablenefsof this Liberty, becaufc, 
 fay they, it produces the mote Children, which we 
 can fell for Mooy or exchange for Necelfaries : But 
 what is worfe than felling their Children, they have 
 an evil cuftom of Murdering their young ones, and 
 even burying them alive, when they are not able to 
 nouritti them. 
 
 The Gentlemen have abfolute Power over their 
 Vaflak, extending to Life, Liberty, and Goods, 
 fo that they take their Wives and Children, and 
 fell them at pleafure. Each Peafant furnifhes his 
 Lord with fuch a q»?antity of Grain, Cattle, Wine, 
 (3c. according to his Power ; wherefore Wealth con- 
 fifts in the number of Peafants their Vaflals. The 
 Gentlemen maintain their Rights by the Sword, and 
 fo are always attended and armed ; their Arms are 
 a Lance, a Bow and Arrows, a bVbrcand a HuclUer, 
 fire Armsbeing little ufed among them. Both Gentle 
 and Simple are very nafty, they never have but one 
 Shirt at a time which lafts a Year, and in that time 
 is waflied three or four times, but twite a Week 
 they take it off to kill the Vermin. They Eat fitting 
 upon a Carpet croffed-legg'd as the Pajians, and .he 
 ordinary fort uptin a Bench in that mannet. Th«. 
 i rich 
 
 ^■Sii 
 
 ' ^Ijl 
 
 111''' ' 
 
 \k-V 
 
58 
 
 IMEklTlA. 
 
 rich have a few Silver Vcflelj, bui the common ufe 
 is of Wooden ones ; and 'tis the Cuftom here from 
 the King to the Peafatit, for the whole Family 
 lo eat togetlicr at the lame Table. The Mtngte- 
 lio'ii .a.nA their Neighbours are great Drunkards, 
 fii ar ir whole Days, and their Cup Converfation is 
 cliiffly tiken up in bragging of their Thefts, Com- 
 bats, fak of Slaves, and Debaucheries. The Chil- 
 drtn arc bred up in Theft by the Father, and in De- 
 bauchery by the Mother, fo the Vices are made he- 
 reditary. The Inhumanity of the McngrelUns in 
 feekine all opportunities to trap even their bcft 
 Frifrids, and fell tliem into Slavery, is incredible : 
 Thu Trade has fu diminilhcd the number of Inha- 
 bitants, tli.1t of 80C00 that were reckoned here 
 Jo Yt.'»rs ago, there is now not above 10000. 'tis 
 fuppofcd that not lefs than 1 1000 are Yearly fold to 
 the Vint^! and I'cijiani. Belidcs this Cnmraodiiy of 
 Slaves, they export Honey, Wax, Ox.'Hides, Caflor, 
 and Martin-Skins, Flax, Seed, Thrcd, Silk, 
 and Linncn Cloath. Their Dealings confifts chiefly 
 til Barter, for there is very little Money among them, 
 and iiiitwithltanding the opinion of the Ancients, 
 that a golden Sand was walhed from the Mountains, 
 and caught in the Fleeces they fpread for it, neither 
 Silver nor (Jold is now found here. 
 
 The Prince of Minpelin has a Revenue of about 
 icooo Crowns Per Annum, ariling by the Cuftom of 
 Goods and by Opprcffions. He has a Court of loo 
 Gentlemen at lolemn Occalions, and ordinarily a- 
 bout 120 ; with a Train of 300 Sctvanci and 
 Guards. 
 
 Ecclefiaftical Hiftory fays, that a Chriftitn Slave 
 converted the King of Colchoi, his Qlieo* and Gran- 
 dees in ihe time of the Emperor Confttnitine the 
 Great, who fcnt thither Prietts and DoiSfcors to Bap- 
 tize and Inrtryit them. Others fay that CA(i/?/(!Ki.'ji 
 wag hrft Prcach'd thereby one Qn/ about A. D. 860. 
 But tho' C/j' ijfiimiry he profelled the People know 
 nothing of its Dodniio, having no Idea of F.-^ith, 
 Eternity, the Refurredion, (yc. Nor are the Priefts 
 capable of inltrudting them, being themfelves per- 
 fedly illiterate and ignorant of the Myfteries of Re- 
 ligion, the bcft of them can only read and fay a 
 Mafs by Heart : Yet are rich and have many Vaffals, 
 whofe Children they fell into Slavery without Scru- 
 ple. The Church is goveni' d by a Cathoticot or Me- 
 tropolitan who is appointed by the Prince, and has 
 DoiTiinion over all Mengrelia, Imtrifn, Gonriel^ 
 Mount Cacaiijus and Abcnffia. He is Rich having 
 400 Valfils who furniih him with all Neceflarici 
 and other Tributes. Tlure aie (m Suffragan Bilhops, 
 who are alfo Rich and i lad in Scarlet and Velvet, 
 l>'u are fi andaloudy negligent of the Duties of their 
 I JfHcf, feldnm or nevei- viliting their Dioccfles, or 
 corrcdtingthe Manners of thePricfts: The Epifco- 
 pal Churches ire well enough in order, and adorned 
 with many rich Imif;es, the Oblati ms to which is 
 their chief Religion ; but the Parifh Churches arc 
 moft tiafly ; th'ft mo arc full of Images to which 
 the cnminon People pay a molt Servile and Ido- 
 latrous Worlhip. Tluiv SiTvice is aciording to the 
 Cirrrk^ Chutch, bur all the Rites .ire fo 11 "enly p^r- 
 formrd, and the;i Pri'its know fo lirtlc of the I) g- 
 mnti: of Religion, that oni- can hardly lay which 
 Church th''V adhiTC to. Falling and Abltnence 
 fr 111 certani Merits is the chii-f part of their Re- 
 lieion ; their Prayers arc diri'OtcJ to liiuvrs they 
 otfcr Sacrihce up ui tiinToinhs of ihfii Relati"ns, 
 and make Libations c\cry Day before they dr.nk ; 
 
 they do not folemnizc the Salbith properly, hjrdlj 
 ever abitaitiing from ibcir comiuon work, but at the 
 Ftlfivals of ^br'Jlm/ii and E.ift,-r. In ihoit thty 
 have many extravagant Cufto.us, whi.rcin Ju./.u/n 
 and Paf/.nifnt ztc mui ill their Rcligion.i.'; .' i.ponth< 
 whole hardly defervc the Naii)'- ' vj .jiimi. Thus 
 much for Mingrrlu- 
 
 GVlilEL with SAMSB/t, refcmhlcs in ail 
 things Mengrelia, the Nature of ihc Soil, the Man. 
 ijcrs of the People, the Rtligion, Ciiltun s, and 
 Vices arc much the fame. 
 
 IMUl^lTtA, called by the r/itif P'i<U'k<ut or 
 Pocha-kputikXthc, i.e. little Prince, isi2oMiieiin 
 length, and 60 MiK-s in biiadth ; a Country V o.;jy 
 and A/ountaiiioiis like MoiguHn but has more ht 
 Valleys and delicious Plains; as alio lirca'!, Pi lit, 
 and other Viiihials ; Mmiby has its Ccurfc .indis 
 Coined ; the HoulVs are built in Towns, atid a gt- 
 neral Commerce is maintained: But thcManicricf 
 tlie People are ftill iiuich the lame with thofe we 
 have defcribed. To the Commodities of hieii^<elii^ 
 this Country of /we; ;>i<» adds lion, whereof liercatf 
 good Mines. The King of Imeritm had tormeriy 
 Poiriioion over all thefc Countries ; but in the lait 
 Age they revolted, and have ever lincc been at Wais, 
 Thofe that are neareft the Turkj craved his alliftance, 
 and had his Protedlion, but by that means the Gran^ 
 Seignicr made them all Ttibutaries. 
 
 The King of Iwciitin pays 80 Biys and Girls. 
 The Prince of GunWpays 46 Children. 
 The PrinceofAlf«^<W;« 60000 fathom of Liniicn- 
 Cloath. 
 
 The Abcai have fometimes paid a Tribute, bts 
 do it not conftantly. 
 
 The Turl{i arc contented with Tribute rather thj:i 
 take the Country, becaulc the Air is nut vt;y Mhol- 
 fome, Bread fcarce, and the ordinary Food, Suir« 
 flelh with Wine, is what their Law forhiJs Hew- 
 ever he keeps a PacM at y^t' i'V, * l-aftle anj 
 Town in Guriel, and polfelfes totatu the chct Towj 
 and CaAle oilmentia. 
 
 Ak.il\ike\i{ion the Frontiers of Ceogi.', and oiitlit 
 Mount Cticw/iii, is a ftrong Caftle and a Town c! 
 about 400 Houl'es moftly new, and built (incc tht 
 Turl(j polfeffed it, there being nothing ancient bii: 
 two Armenian Churches ; the I'owii is Peopled w.tb 
 Turl(i, Armenians, Georg.im, Guel^i iivi jnfi. The 
 Houfes are built of Wood, amoiii; which there 
 is a bandfome Caravanferay or Inn. ThcChir^Mi 
 have two Churches here, and the J.*j a S.na- 
 gogue. 
 
 Thus far I have borrow'd from Sit Jolm Chirlr, 
 and have been more large than elfewhere, that I 
 might give the Reader a true Idea of thole Coun- 
 tries, which is fo much the more necclfary, as tbev 
 differ fo veiy much from the other I'.ins we hai« 
 paffcd thro', and in regard that their e^ il Cullom ol 
 felling Children, makes the Cour.tif; talked of; 
 and eipecially lincc that Cullom gave Rife to aNi- 
 tion. that for fome Ages Bearded i\\clwki, anJfup- 
 preffed their Power in 'f-gyft and luine parts of ■;«; 
 I mean the MA MA l.vk,ES, who were no oihti 
 than the Children bought here and carried lo/fjv" 
 where bred up in Arms and lifted in Bands, ihej 
 Compofed a Bo ly like the Janizaries in I'u'K.' i "' 
 cellcnt in Ser ice, and therefore by the Caliph mw 
 cfteenicd, and their nun ber cncrealeii, till at M 
 growing pro. .dot their Honour, and feulibleot met 
 Power, they rebelled and fkw th' if ^lalker .WWv 
 
 J<t^, the fivemb Tmk'/I: Caliph of -tJi' 
 
 fui-l 
 uniejl 
 
 invading then- 
 Cattle, Sla\cs, 
 I cftliekind we 
 COMJ/V. 
 I can fee but th 
 tutheStiaialits 
 Sm ; a I'coplf 
 andare called A 
 and lly into the 
 Iv relidc there. 
 DAG HE 
 the general na I 
 and f^oven-etl 1 
 between dei., 
 'tarb: is tl.e p 
 contains looo I 
 OnthcCoalhj 
 tat, 60 Li'a:',ii 
 land, Hands tl 
 «'hich is tl:c le 
 <*'itlia(;arrif;> 
 Town, the IJu 
 is the belt Ha\ 
 To what Inn 
 Ihnd notafccr 
 Hrivini; olter 
 "fcelLiry to ([•( 
 liirward! W c 1 
 Account of . 
 miles t|uite tl] 
 ^arioully deiio 
 rcinarka'hlc atic 
 ^"■••'/'j .iriil 'I'.i-ii 
 *K mvw' to rtt.;,| 
 
ClhCASSlA, cV. MokwmCAVCASVS. 59 
 
 rounclftl liij Son in a CafJc atul luirtit it ; aiij fitulK 
 iifuijwd the Throne. 'J lie HKicry nTtlLit leoplt" 
 JiU'S not belong to this Mhcl-, ui- lli;'.!lhaviiit(.ali('n 
 tunwintion it wtitnwe cmii; to li'tak ot'yKiM^r, to 
 wiiidi wc iffcr it, and ll:a!i mav piotccd. 
 
 (.i/(,i/j, the chict' City (•ry», • ■;../, whca- the 
 Kin:'.s ofdtorfia former. y iciiJc.l, ImmiI!. iiimn rl c 
 JU\ti /'/(///> in the 44 Dcfv 1 ,k. ti-. ,i lln.i!! Cit) 
 w;ili 11 Caiilc built upcn a l\>'ik .ii tho (out ot rt 
 jNiyliiitaiii, ai Arcliitif^dui y.«i(,//A).;. > uOvliii-s, wlio 
 iKkxIt liiim- Years in thisCcurirv. 
 
 S.rjiitip li, .Sil'itjt piili.y,i(^'n\ ufC' A//' r.icnlion- 
 ed by I'toUm) and /••//«», and liv its modern name 
 Ipokcn of by Niger and others, nrd Lomnioniy lit 
 down in the Mavs, as a notal'le f^in/'i ■ir.m on the 
 C'oall of the Eixine-Scu, in the Kin/doiii of M<;- 
 pelia; was fwallow'd up by the nverliowinp.s of tlie 
 ya about too Years ago, as the liiine l.Mnbn iu> tells 
 us, and its Kiiins only are now li'en. 
 
 icNiiral Cities are mentioned in ancient Authors, 
 gslcatcd in rhel'c Countries, but the) nre palled a- 
 w?.y aiid nothing of them remains; wlaiefcre 'tis 
 ncedlefs to name them. 
 
 The Two other I rovince.^ j n rofed to be fpoke 
 of in this Chapter, LIRCASSIA and COM.-IXIA, 
 lifon tl'.e.Northol jh',-i!xii':lii 'J he former isa\ery 
 lirfc Country, evtendin}; from tie Ki\er Di ii ir 
 Tiimiif, the boundary of .1/ /ni'i, to the (\ifpiji:- 
 Sta; 'ti.s a ] and ot Mrious Soil, bavin;; the hi^h 
 Kiilr,"-' of ''■<■ Mount (:,i!!uif(s for its South boun- 
 dary, and ot!i«T Moui^tains in its North and \\ eft- 
 cm larts: I5ut has p'ealant Na!!e\s and fruitful 
 Mains, wliitli aHord I allure, (battle. Mowers, and 
 Herbai'cin pood plenty ; but no Tviwns or Callles, 
 only Villajj.ej of circular form, with a larj^e fpaie 
 ofCround in the middle, as 'Tni.yiiiir tells us. '1 he 
 Inhabitants vulgarly called Ck-ykes, live by Koblery, 
 invading their Nei^lihours, and carryin.s; ort" their 
 Cattle, Slaves, &i\ and inav in general be reckoned 
 of the kind we (poke of iii Ahii'iri'lia. 
 
 CO MAN J. 4, altho'anotliername, itforoufht 
 I can fee but the Wellern part of f ,Vi i r;(/;(/, extending; 
 totheStraislus o( (>///,/, and the Uanks of the AVi.t^- 
 &.I ; a People of like Manners with the Circaiji^itts, 
 and are called Kamuiuhs; cmnmit Munderlike them, 
 and lly into the Mountains tor llielter, and common- 
 ly redde there. 
 
 DAdHliST AN, aProvincecomprehended in 
 the general name of Co;//.////,;, is a niore civ ilized I'art, 
 andf^everred by its own Princes; this Country lies 
 betweea (imgi.r, .Sc/ii i^.iii and tlie (',iJpiiW-S,.2. 
 'I'jfLi! is ti.e principalCity ; and nsO'iwins tells us, 
 cnntains looo Houles built after the I'f.fLvi manner. 
 On the C'oall of the r'.(//»/./;/-.Vf,/, intiie4; D. 2; m. 
 Lat. 60 Leai'.ues from Ajl,;u,iii by Sea, and 70 by 
 Land, Hands the City Tfiki Cditierent from T'lirkit,') 
 which is the (eat of a 'Titriar Prince, and fumiflicd 
 with aCiarridin of ;coo Men, It is a good large 
 Town, the |}uildinj.;s whereof are all of VVood, and 
 is the belt Haven on the Cifpiiiii-Sfii. (Ole,iriii.<. ) 
 'Po what Province this Place oui'ht to be affigned, 
 Itind iiot afcertained. 
 
 Hayin.i; often mentioned Mount CAUCASUS, 'tis 
 nfcellary to I'peak a few wonls of it before we pais 
 liirward. V, e have already told vou in our general 
 Account of A.iii, thar a valt Chain of Mountains 
 imllcs quite thro' tliis Part of the Harth, wliich is 
 \ariiiu(ly denominated in its Icveral Parts, the moll 
 rcmarkiible and iii,i.;he[l Parts are named, C^i;u.iJ/ii, 
 hiniut .ind 1 .iiiriii. 'I'he rirll whicii is tiiat which we 
 ire now to I'jeijk to, lies nearcil to Ivn^p:, between 
 
 the JU.ick and the Cjfoi.m Scas» witlj Mufuvitin- 
 'Jaytm-\ on the Nortii,'4rTd Tiirkt, f»V)f /(/, &c. on 
 the South 
 
 Ir is the hij'Iiell part oPall'this ^rapd Aidr.c, antj' 
 it^S^lnn^et is alw.iNs covered with Sn(<\v. Sir yv/m' 
 (July ill II, who travelled over it j^ivVs us this Account 
 of it. 'Mount Ciudihif is the hif.hcfl and moll 
 ' dniiiult to I a(s tliat I have ever fcen ; it is full of 
 ' Kocks and terrible Hrecipiccr, where with great 
 ' Labour laths aie cut imt of the Kcick for cori- 
 ' \ iMiieme of I a a; t , w hicli is nevertlielel's extream 
 ' difl:cuk thio' the litep declivity. In U inter (at 
 ' which time this Author tiavellej ) the Snow lies 
 ' lonj", and adds much to thc^rdiftloilty and danger 
 ' <4 tlie Pallaf.e ; which the better tgprov ide aj-ainft, 
 ' the ( juides wOw a fi*i if Shoes v»irh Soles as broad 
 ' as a Racket and of that form, which preferves 
 ' them from llippinp; into the Snow, and with which 
 ' tlicy tlit alonK upon its Surf:ue with great Cele» 
 ' rii\, and with a kind oil eel, which they carry in 
 ' theirHands,tiirn alide the Snow, and make a lath ; 
 ' a hi}.'h Wind is at that time very dan^'crous, for 
 ' the drifts ofSnow will cover both Horle and Man ; 
 ' 'J he Natives theieiore fail n()t to make Players 
 ' ti) their Images as they pafsover. '] he Pali age 
 over it is about 56 I'hort Leagues, but inthe way 
 there are divers \ illaj^cs, and plenty ofprovilions ; 
 for the Karth is in general very prolih'ck, even to 
 the top, and yields Corn and Vi'ine, Fruiti, Cattle, 
 and Honey. The Wine is excellent and To exceeding 
 plenty, that near 40 Ciallons are fold for .a Crown. 
 'J hey liave alfo flore of Poultry, Egg* atid Pullc, 
 and 1 riiit to excefs. Here is alio very good Plenty 
 of Bread, which in AIiHyrt'lia is very fcarce, and the 
 Mountain is almoit covered with Firr-trees. Tho 
 lnh..bitants are CJ;ri/liuin, but fubjedt to the Turk, 
 ofhandfome form, and Letter conditioned than the 
 Aliir^rtliiws: Thus much is lulFicient for Mount 
 Ciiiuiifiif in ^^eneral ; its Branches and Extents, is 
 more dlflicult to be tuld, in regard that as I Paid, a 
 contiin;ed Kidge runs on Haliward^ on which this 
 name is by fomc extended farther, and by others 
 contrai^ted (horter, and therefore we Ihall forbear 
 to Pet bounds to it. 
 
 l.alily, Before we pals forward to Peyfi.i, we Hiall 
 take the liberty to entertain the Reader with a Ihort 
 Account of the Z^/.vci-.Vi'./, which is omitted hither- 
 to, and cannot hereafter l)C fo regularly brought jn. 
 And we (hall do this the more acceptably we Cu\>- 
 pole, in taking it from Sir John Char Jit fwho diled 
 the whole extent of it. 
 
 1 he EUXJNE or BUk-Sea lies direc^t Eaft and 
 Weil, near 200 Leagues in length, and its greatell 
 breadth North and South, from the Bojphoriis or 
 Straight of Cwy/./z/.'/flo/i/i', to the Mouth ofthe River 
 Niepey or Bi.yilH.'eih's, about three Degrees : But the 
 other end of it is not near fo broad. The Water of it 
 is not fo clear,green or fait as that ofthe Ocean, wh;ch 
 may Ix; attributed to the many frelh Rivers which 
 emnty into it, atid its lelf being Ihut up from the 
 ( )cean except at the Bofp/joyus, may not improperly 
 be accounted a Lake, as the Ciijpitin-Si^a by fome is ; 
 it has no Illands upon it ; and the Dominion of k 
 klonf s to the (jrand-^eignior, who takes care to 
 keep it from Pyrntes, and hindprs ail Navigation 
 there, but in his own Ships or Puch as are licenfed 
 by him. it is a fowling Sea, and abundantly fub- 
 jc:t to Tempells, whence 'tis called by the Turks 
 Ciira-Diiiguisy i. e. furious Sea, and in regard that 
 (.,!(.( li'.'.niHcs alio Black, it has obtainfd the Nam? 
 I J ef 
 
 :.? 
 
 I'"'|l'!i 
 
 ^i'<i:% 
 
 !5ii ::':m 
 
 1 
 
 ; ',. ■'it'lt'i' 
 
 ■ i 
 
 
 
 
of Black-Sea from Euretedm ; 'tis from thij quality, wliercby the Body of the W ater when moved by the 
 
 and not from the Colour of the Waters that its name Winds, for want of lh\\»f.c 'orward. rebounds from 
 
 isdcrivcd The Reafon ofits turbulency mav be from the Shoar, and rowis up m valt Waves, to the in- 
 
 the narrow Bed ofits Waters without cgrofs, for the conceivable Terror and damage of thole tiat Sail on 
 
 narrow aperture of the Bojfhortu is next to none, it. 
 
 I' 
 
 PERSIA 
 
 
 ^- y*'i:'"^it Caspian 
 
 ak,uu 
 tUtk 
 
 $£ A 
 
 Tartary 
 
 '*:t/Hi 
 
 
 t*r 
 
 -it .^■ 
 
 ■£jrvij«^a4A|^<^' J?2 
 
 ''* rti" 
 
 Khox M ir s -»/ iTA* 
 
 
 '/ 
 
 
 "^.■^"It^r ^■'> 
 
 ■ JSiAifutan 
 
 J^StfU 
 
 >Sa.h^^ 
 
 
 • ^ ■» »r «i T» »■ c I" i -kT - ^^ ^ IT .■_■ 
 
 
 /CMtURJOZS TA W 
 
 J^om 
 
 '<T»»L 
 
 :X.trmunu^ 
 
 
 
 
 Tnaaltin 
 
 P 
 
 
 A^3 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■Chaiij M^rm 
 
 ..Juzi 
 
 '^Ch^ 
 
 S\l C I S_ JAN 
 
 .CHiJ/SJi/TAN 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o :fatrua 
 
 
 ,,_1 .. ( J„ . /"^ _X^/Jri . <rA/urAm»ruit ■■•J ,. - »■- 
 
 
 O^ ^uaJtl 
 
 Ab. A. B J?A 
 
 AHABIAJT S S A. 
 
 F.R 
 
 from 
 or 3* 
 whic 
 
 whol 
 
 irom Pf/tM an i 
 Mt'tit, wasexal 
 ,,:,clsavc hisna 
 Obtained the n 
 lignitied Hafc 
 Cvrw) to prailtic 
 cjme wonderful 
 ed Ehvn, whii 
 known by to t 
 S^.whofirftt 
 in& Romaniwk 
 Nations do th( 
 Xtrmination, 
 IS the Natives 
 But the Turks 
 Pirfu, as it 
 peat Monarch 
 Jjria. Chald.Ti, 
 whole ^fiit-Mi 
 thereby extend 
 tiers of Itttiia : 
 ed on the We 
 Irom, namely 
 Oialdaa ; whe 
 with the Mour 
 Eaft, thelUvei 
 jui from India 
 the River Oxm 
 South the Per 
 the ArMan-S 
 In which exi 
 Degrees in Lat 
 That is, from 
 North Latitude 
 
 >0| 
 
 
PERSIA 
 
 6i 
 
 PF, R S I A, iJ fo called fay tlie Cbffickj, 
 from Perfeui theSon of Jupiter and Danae ; 
 or as others, from the Province Perji), 
 whith by Senech(i(che, is extended to the 
 whole, and had ifsmmc fay the Antiquaries 
 irom Pti/t' an illullrio\is Lord, wlio for his great 
 MtTit, was exalted to t'u- ( lovermcnt cftheCountry, 
 ;,;id '^avc his name to i . Or accordin;; to others, it 
 Jbtiined the name fron. the word Paras, which 
 lignitied H.rfiman, hccaufe being commnndcd by 
 CtrKj to practice Horfcinanfhip, the Inhabitants he- 
 camewonderfullr expert in it. In Scripture, 'tis call- 
 ed £to», which was the nnmc this Country was 
 known by to the Ijuhlite^, from Elam the Son of 
 S^, who firft planted it after the Flood. 1 heCiec/; 
 and Romiini ufcd the modern name, and all Eurupcin 
 fJations do the fame, with fome variation in the 
 Ttrmination, and the name Farfijlnti or Pha,Jijlan 
 as the Natives call it, it plainly of the fame Radix : 
 But the T'lirks call it Chix,ilbMli. 
 
 Pirfu, as it conftituted the fecond of the four 
 great Monarchies of the World, comprehended Af- 
 (m'fl, ChnlH^ra, Mefpatamin, Armenia, and the 
 whole Afid-Mimr, as well as the prefcnt Pi:rjiu, and 
 thereby extended from the Hclltjpmt, to the Fron- 
 tiers of /«(//(! ■• Butinitsprefent'extent, 'tisbound- 
 ed on the Weft with the Countries we laft came 
 from, namely Georgia, Tnnnwaniu, AJJ'yria and 
 Chuldaa; whence the Rivers E'tplrafes ■indTigris, 
 with the Mountains k^f Armenia divide it. On the 
 F.aft, the Kiver InJui and the Mountains divide Per- 
 fii from Iniiia ; on the North the Cafpian-Sea and 
 the River Oxns, divide it from TuriayY, and on the 
 South the Perfian-Gulpi), the (iulph of (hmm and 
 the Arnbian-Sea, are its Boundaries. 
 
 In which extent it comprehends no lefsthan ly 
 Degrees in Latitude, and 25 Degrees ih Longitude ; 
 
 fold Crop in the Year. (Dr. Fr}m-. ) They have it 
 Ifpalhiu, lays T^/nrHot, all the kinds of Fruit found 
 inFr.iwrt', but faircrand better, and by reafon of the 
 drymfs of the Air keep the whole Year. 7 he Me- 
 lons of Perjia are incomparable, fays Tai'ernic) , 
 thi'ir IVaihfS larpe, and Apricots delicious ; but 
 tht'ir Apples, I'l'ms, Oranges, firanntej, Pruans, 
 Cherries and Qiiinces, are not I'o good ,ns ours iti 
 Eiirrpi-. 'I'hey have Grapes of? or 10 Hits, and make 
 a rich U hite-wine, but their Ked-wine, except that 
 made at Schiras which is very good, will not keep ; 
 nor have they anv Casks to keep it in, for either 
 they have not the Art of making tli<-ni, or elfe, as 
 they fay, the Drought would makc'em leaky ; and 
 all their Wine is kept in Farthen farrs. They have 
 \cry few Trees but what grow' in their Gardens, 
 and of thole the I'alm is carefully cultivated, and 
 bears excellent Dates, if tha Blollom of .the Male- 
 tiee he inocrulated into the Bud.of t|ie Female, with- 
 out which they fiy the fruij will have no J'uip, and 
 !)C only Stone auil Skin. {Tht^'cuot .) '1 heir Date is 
 fo lufcious a Food, that if eaten in the hut Seafon, it 
 caufes the Body to break out into I'oils and Scabs. 
 The common F^crbs for Sallads, and Roots for Food, 
 flourilh in/Vyjl/, but they have no Pulle: Sparagu.s 
 and Artichokes, before unknown, being brought 
 from Europe by the C.Mniclite F'O'ars, are found to 
 thrive here. (T'avtrifftr) Here arpiPlenty of Al- 
 inonds, andin tlie Provinces of (7; /ri« 3' dTl(/'rfr;y?/w, 
 fome Olives, Oranges, Lemons and Chefnuts. 
 
 In Perjia^xi: found Mines of Copper, Lead, Iron, 
 whereoffome fo fine as to rife pure Steel. Flere are 
 alfo found 7tti(7Wi)/.( Stones, both of the old.and new 
 Rock according to Gimelli^ but Tavein/i^r fays, ther.e 
 have been none of the old Rock found of lata. In 
 the Gulph of Peyjia, arc (iiany Fifheries for Pearl, 
 efpecially at the Hland Balmreit, where are found the 
 
 That is, from the syth. to the 40th. Degree qf richeft and faireft in the World. And in' fome of 
 
 North Latitude, and in the I*i^)rth-wett near 4 De- 
 frees more ; and from the d;d. to the 88th. Degree 
 of Longitude; and its Menfuration from the Fron- 
 tiers ntCeorgia in the North-weft, to the Frontiers 
 of India in the South-well, contains near lyoo 
 Miles in length ; and from the Frontiers ofTartary 
 to the ^ea-Coaft, near 900 Miles in breadth. 
 
 It is feated under the Fourth, Fiflh and Sixth 
 Climates, whereby the longeft Day in the North 
 Part, is of IJ H. 48 M. and in the South Part 
 13 H. 48 M. enjoying therefore variety of Air, 
 but except in the very South Part, the hot Wea- 
 ther and cold are of equal duration, and therefore 
 very tolerable. Mr. Tavernier tells us that in Ed- 
 urbaym, if is very cold and very healthy ; In Gilnn 
 and Tabariftan, which he calls Maz-enderan, the 
 Country by reafon of its neighbourhood to the Ca- 
 jpian-Sea is Fenny, and therefore the Air very un- 
 
 the Provinces are Quaries p.f fine Marble, and fome 
 \'eins oi Lapis Laz,uli , .-ind ibout Gomt/rua the Earth 
 is fit for Porcelain. Many Baths and Mineral Wa- 
 ters, but efpecially a Spriiig .of Naptha arc feen in 
 Ptrjli. Silk is e.vcccding Pfeiity, lyooo Bales being 
 annually exTwttcd, befideij what is wrought up at 
 Home, and it yields a vaft Manufaaure and 
 Traffick to the People : which with fine Carpets 
 (the weavinc whereof IS the bcft and moft curious 
 Manufa(5hire «f the Nation ) Cotton, Pearls, B^- 
 i.f)(ir-Stone, /.(i^/V-/yii.,''// ana fiime other Commodi- 
 ties they tranfport to other Countries, but have not 
 enough of thefe to Ballance Trade, being forc'd 
 to give Monev to t!;e Engli/}} and Dutch, for a 
 great part of the (joods tl)«y want from India and 
 Europe, 
 
 Of Cattle, the Peifiaus have excellent Horfes, 
 which tho' fmall, are itrong and fleet, Mules, Ca- 
 
 wholfome; at Ifpahan they have fix Months of very . mels, and two forts ofAHes, namely, thu Perjian for 
 
 hot, and as many of very cold Weather, wherein 
 the Snows fall very thick, and render the ways un- 
 paflable. 
 
 The Soil cannot be much praifed, for tho' fome 
 Parts be Fertile and produce excellent Fruits ; other 
 Parts are perfectly Steril, being Mountainous and 
 Sanday ; and withal here are but very few Rivers, 
 fo that they have only Rain and the diflblved Snow 
 to Water the Land, which falling in fmall Rivulets 
 from the Mcjntaini make the Valleys fruitful ; of 
 the Products whereof Travellers give us this Ac- 
 count, namely, that their Corn ripens fo expeditiouf- 
 ly, that in foinc Parts they have frequently a three- 
 
 Burden, and the Arabian fur Riding, being afti^ 
 and as valuable as Horfes ; and Tavernier mentions 
 Oxen amonp their ferviccable Beafts. 
 
 Of Wild-Bcafts, here are Lions, Tygcrs, Bears, 
 and wild Boars, which live in the Mountainous- 
 parts and are fcldom feen by Travellers, or known 
 to do much harm, but attbrd a noble Paftime f " the 
 King. There arc alfo Porcupines, Deer of various 
 forts, wild Alfes, Foxes, Hares, &c. The Qunce 
 a fmall Creature of a fpotted Skin, is ofatrioft 
 fierce Nature, and yet as tradable as a Dog, ar.J 
 ufed in hunting, being carried behind a Man on 
 
 Horfeback 
 
 • :<■ 
 
 ''riflf 
 
 rt*" 
 
 (I ■■ ' Mlill 
 
«i- I." 
 
 V E li S I A. 
 
 i\ i 
 
 Hf'rfi'I'.i.k, :vm\ thro\vti«,i whf.ii tl.o^ .mii ri'iiii,>, 
 will rit(,lMlii\Mi .1 Divi i>r .( wild ( icit. 
 
 Oftniiu- Mc.iIImIux li.iM' Kino, wliiJi t!u.' fmill 
 aic well I'c'il, Micrp. .ind (•(i,ii> wiiuro •'kin yiclUsa 
 Very bciicricial Maiiufailor) and 'I i.ifl'ik, ai.d tlioir 
 I id> dilititiu^ VimhI. 
 
 \iid (it KiAvl tlu'v IiaVt'iiKifl (it'tlic r.-rtit'iuiul in 
 f'.ni'pc, as alio C'raiu'Mind ctliti' kind*. 'Itcir lal- 
 fons, Hswkc'S and J incrt't^ aif lAtcl'fiit i!^(.aii.f, 
 for they will ivinflv at a wild I'lcar aiul )t\k out 
 hisF.yes, wliuh rondcts Iiiiii an lalie Victim. 
 
 I'ojici lias few larpe Kivcrs, Mr. T.iiiynni fivs 
 nunc but tlic /Vt.;\vr, (whitli rilisiii./. wiv//,i, and 
 j'a(lln{; t\\To' .'tititrhiii.iii, tills iniq tlic '■;//•/.';>- 
 .Vivf) Is N*vljT,.ililc ; (hcntlier K;',er5 iH'm'to aie tin- 
 'T'.ftiii, the BeilJciiiif, till' Ciintii, ailJ liiiic lew 
 others. 
 
 Mountains here arc minv, hut none very luitnli'c, 
 CVfcpt tJie hif^h Fcalc, whic'Ci U;ijn'. eiivered witli 
 Sulphuf, feems to fjinrkle in the N'i-:,ht like I iic. 
 Of the hiliabitaii^. 
 
 The Per/i.itif are a I^ople (^f pooiJ'AJdieb and 
 fxcellive)yCi niplimental ; of fuflieient I'mlerliaiulr 
 inp ; addiftcd trt rtillirrffllatimi ; very 'I.u.xurn'us in 
 their Habit and Dfct i and ahtiniinoMy ftuitty U 
 >'enorv and l.ai'civioufiicfs in G tneiliitinn. Aiy] 
 tho' Winehcfiirhid/tlwy wi'l fccretly U' nrui'k,,and 
 tiioy take Opium, jfohiccd , and C.'ciriee to eNeefs. 
 
 Scip.nicr frAweft'Svtites thus d them, -;•/£. "li.e 
 KtannersofihoPif^jiW.', diHermu(.ii fri hi tiie Tm Lt, 
 for they are Civil," Meek, rcaveabic, ^!o^.!eil, (jrafq- 
 Ail.dcMerA'us. Enemies to Traud, and Lovii:^ <>t' 
 Strangers. 'J hey arc tar t'roin hating ^ '"'/'•••''" -i* 
 the ThvLs do, i)ut arc on the contiary. Courteous 
 and Civil to ij.em. In Compleijiejjjis, their I-.\- 
 jirefficns arc'vcry.Hypc^'bolical,, and. flieir Convei- 
 iationsarc fuHofl'latteTrV, \vhich their h.iturai I'riiie 
 makes tliem f.recdilj' iil'tcn to. 'Jjhcjj ,\vink at hi- 
 
 iurics, l)iit \fs hut !<>!■ the better opixwtunity offii)! 
 <evt'n};c, which they arc carefiii to execute. Tliey 
 havevt'fyfe\V Diverdon'f. Hay is forbid by the Law, 
 and Dancinp, \Valkirt^>,or Riding they arc too la/y 
 to atlc't. 'J lie only i^anly Divcrllons they tloule, 
 are Hunting and Hawldtig, which tlicKing and No- 
 bility fr'cqucntly excrcilc, but th(,n^ f.hc Huntfnjeii 
 are ientbefoic tocnCojnpafi tlie r{at(^ ami confine 
 the(ja(ne. t>ut they commonly lJH;n(i their time in 
 lohing upon their Sufay (or Coucli,,) liniiaking I'o- 
 hacco, drinking Cottec, and takin}' Opium. 'I hey 
 are wondcrlully Superrtitious, and moll Icrviliiy 
 fubjct't to Adrology, whereby the ProlelVors of that 
 Science h,i\c great Power over them, ^he King him- 
 felf not excepted. Thus far 6'/'wf/!'/. 'I'hey com- 
 monly lulucitc their Children in Literature, and 
 have ;\ca'(temies for tficir lnllru6ion, yet they are 
 penerally too Jaiy lo be very Learned fays Dr. 
 /vi/fi-. Hut Tit'Vimt fays, there arc a great inaivy 
 in Ptrfui, that underftand the Matlicinaticks aiul^ 
 I'hil< fiiphy , and th.e common Pcocdc arc fcncrally 
 curious in Science; but tlieir Ignorance makes their 
 Ciiriofity imperthient, and the nicancfl thing not 
 (t:cn before is a fufficient fubjedt uf much admiration 
 with them. Of their Learning, Oltiniiff the Writer 
 of the .Amball'adores Travels gives us this Account, 
 riZ: The Learned Language of /V//'.i is the ^>,t- 
 hi<in ; Hch-tiu, (Irefk, or huin ticing unknown 
 there. 'l,"hcy have Univerfitics, Collc»e.s, and I'ro- 
 fellors at /J/uiiuw, Anldil, 'T\inis, C.ijv:,n, A'ffw, 
 iiff, and Stiiwiiil.'ii, wherein Youth are [lut to 
 Study : I or tho' the Stionces arc far from k ing in 
 
 Ieirn;u<ii then, yet the ( .entrj a'ic.t I earning 
 1 hey imds MiiKi(i)|;hy, Alironoiny,.\iirology,t,jy. 
 ir,etrv,<\rithiiii tii.k, 1 JoijueiKcaiid 1 ottry.otwhidi 
 lall tlu.\ Jfc gieat Lovers. '1 hey iiavc Anftuh m 
 .■1>\il'ui and read him in their Univcrlitioi, but tbti/ 
 KnowicJie Is \ei> lliallow. AUtonoiny they di(if. 
 gaul atul Vciul all that (art of their lludy to Juditui 
 .Mlioloi^y. Anatomy aiidChiiiiiliry iheyaie perfect 
 Stranjcisto, ,iiid conlei|i4.nfl) but ll-ri y 1 hyluiani. 
 And the. I l..iw tunliliing ol ti.e Ircttpts in the,^/. 
 t/»i./<7, and the Muiiitipal Culloiiii, Is a liudy of no 
 larj^e extent. 'J he /'i(_//./w Year is both ,i'(/(,i and 
 J.i(niiy, /jiMUi m i.uhf.iilUiil Matters, a:id,Sl/.jriB 
 I'etular Arlaiis: it leginswith the veinal F.quinci, 
 and conlids of \( s Days. T heir U eck be'pinjuitji' 
 SaiirJiiy, , a; d Fyt.l.i} is the Sabfcatli 'J he p^rf^ 
 J a)gua^.x- partitipatei of the Arnliw, but hu iiu 
 Aliinity witli the TuiLifli. But the7;.T/i(/j ia,,. 
 }.'uat;.e is liuvied as .1 (/entlenian-likcCjiialihcatwn 
 i.cing ficijuently fpokcnat Couit. 
 
 In I eilon, tl'ie Pirjian' are of low Stature, flrong 
 Liml.'d, Ha^k-nofcd, black Hair, if C)lj\t' c.^ 
 lour'dCt m^lexilll ; ((hyiOhariiu.) iJut acciirdmjj 
 to others, by their .Marriages with the fair (,' , {,,1;, 
 .Women, orthielly by rcafon of the many JurMt 
 (ettled ih.eicin thefe lafl Ages, they are Ix come oi' 
 a faiier Skin '1 hey ol\i>^ Pohs"''!), e\eryMan 
 being allowed four \\ i\e>, few aie without three or 
 two at leali, and tl e richer (ort ten or twelve. 
 ].)ivorcc$ arc very common, and the Women are 
 re married without Scruple : liut it ;s nut Li*fiil 
 for a Man to re many liis Divorc'd Wife, tilllhe 
 have ken firfl Marrieato another and Divurc'd. 
 
 'I he juefcnt Inhabitantsarc amixtuicot 'Zji/ijr/, 
 
 Turkif J(>filiaiis, Baiiiiini, ^itw, and Gams or the 
 
 " 've PiiJiiWij vvliic 
 Jeail in number; the \\ ar» and Mijjritions, wl:.h 
 
 ancient Native Pojiam^ wliich lad are iiidc I the 
 
 at fcvcral times ha '. ha{>pencd, and flii , 
 Country to lb many Mailers of diricrcnt N.;.,on!, 
 having driven out tbc original lnh.ibitants anc. put 
 Straiifjcij in tljcir Places. 
 
 'I herr:wlomin:!ntHcligionnfyt'c/!'<3i5th.itofM' ' 
 hunt, but the Mthuuwtim Religion here i); liltlercni 
 from that \n.'lu)ks, and the Schifm k-twi-oii tU 
 'Tuil-! and /^'iJi/rW/.f is I'o great, that thcv hate one 
 another rjsiijid as they do CLrijU.nh. 'J he Subiect 
 whereof is this, namely, tiptm the l>;uli ^A'Malmtt 
 aswvhavealteady told yoAiin ourAccouiu o(A)\ilii.i, 
 V!'til)ex,vr fucceedcd in the (jovernment , and to 
 him Q)ti,ix, and to him Ojiiuin : all whom fay tl.c 
 Piiiiiiui, were Uliirpers in prejudice to the Kight 
 of ////), the Nephew, Son-in-L<iw, and only laivlul 
 Sutce|lor n\ M,i/<ifiiu-i , which M»/vwasunjiiltlyllain 
 byO.wi')/; and therefore the Pcrfiatts ■yili not coin- 
 iiuinicatc with the 'Jinluy who hold <>/J«/7H to have 
 bci-n the lawful ("aliph. And as they are thus 3t 
 Enmity with the'7/;)ii, they have many Kites and 
 .(Jercmonies diricreiu from jnem, which as it would 
 tetootedioustoctuimcrate, fo neither ifit neccllary 
 in a work oftiiis Nature. Ikit tho' A/f/j«/«e//J« Iw the 
 National Religion, a very large part of the People perr 
 hap.sthc greater moiety ar« of;contrary Faiths; for 
 Coiifcivnce being free in Perjia, the Cirijlinm, Jews, 
 Jiidiuiis, P(^ims, and Gams, cxercilc their own Kc- 
 Jigions pndillurbed; and great numlers of each 
 live here, cfpccially Armenian Chrijlitins. Thelf 
 are not only allowid the txercileof their Religion 
 under their own Archbifliop, and fourSiiflragatiBi- 
 fllo[)s, but are alli) endowed with very conlitlerabic 
 Piivilcijes, on account of tlie |u;ohtable TraUick 
 ..V :... .:,;..;:. . ...i i^ -v. 'l>«y 
 
R 
 
 •PERSIA. 
 
 <3 
 
 thi-y maoige. The MIm B'inniani or Mcrch*ntj, 
 yi Siio numerous, as arc likewifc ilic Jevn. The 
 Giu ' or i-iucbrtiy which are the ancient Ptrjian 
 Race, noted in Antiquity for their Worlhip of Fire, 
 ire chiefl> fcatcd in the Southern Provinces, and 
 Prot'cfs a Religion difiercnt from all others. They 
 believe in one Ebr*lum.:^er.4icucht, as the chief Pro- 
 phet iiiKlcr God, and pay him great Honours, but 
 deleft Idolatry, and profefs their Honour to Fire, is 
 only in memory of a Miraculous Deliv"! ncc of 
 thill Prophet frotn its Flames ; and 'tis for mat rca- 
 fou, that they keep a perpetual Fire, which they 
 call Holy anJ Swear bv. They allow Po!y,';amy, 
 ami exetcife fomc fuoliUi Superjtitioiis, but neither 
 Circumcife nor ablbin from Wine a'ld Swii.i .: 
 FIclh. On the comrary, they Baptize their Cliil- 
 lircn, believe in and pray to the One (Jud of Hea- 
 ven and E;utli, look for the Refurrejltinn of the 
 Dead, and o'ofervc with decent Piety ccrtaui Fctti- 
 vals in memory of their Saints. Gimelli with an 
 over fondncfs to contradidt Tavemier ( from whom 
 we have taken our Account of thefe People,) la^s, 
 thife Gitun profefs themfelves the Dclccndants of 
 Alirtliimy who IS that chief Prophet they Adore ; 
 But in rcfzard they neglcdt Circnmcifion, this is not 
 likely. As to the //i»ie«u«f, their CAii/Z/jniV^ con- 
 lilh too much in Exiernab, I'aiting iselteemed very 
 Meritorious with them, and the Breaih of it on the 
 appointed Days, is imputed as the greatcft Crime. 
 Their Churches arc well adorned and illu>ninated 
 with many Tapers at the times of officiating. In 
 Celcbt.uing the Bucbarifl, they dip the Bread in the 
 Wine, which the Laiety as well as their Fiiclts re- 
 ceive. In Baptifm they immerfe the Infant in Water, 
 ami then anoint it with Oil ; and in their Marriages 
 aiid BuriaU, have many SupcrOitious Rites. 
 
 The Perfuui Garb is the loofe long Robe of Calico, 
 Silk or fine Cloath, over a Vcft of flecked Calico 
 or Sittin, and a quilted Waftcoat of Cotton, with 
 Draivers CO the Ankle, and Stockings of Cloarh, and 
 neat Twr^^i-Lcather Slippers. All which arc ofdif- 
 feient Colours, and exceeding neat and clean. Their 
 Turban is a Cap with a white Salh, and over it a 
 Dtipt one of various Colours, and fometimes of 
 Gold, which fwells it out very large ; it is worn of 
 what Colours they fancy, as well by Clirijlians as 
 Mnhometani, and oftentimes richly fringed with 
 Gold. The Rings on their Fingers, altho' Tet with 
 the richert Stones, are only of Silver, even to the 
 King himfclf, and none but Women wear tlicm of 
 Gold. The Women never appear but in a thick 
 Vail, which covers every thing of them but their 
 Eyes : but at Home their Face and Brealt are un- 
 coveicd. Their Habit is very rich, hut inform not 
 much unlike the Men's, except that they wear their 
 Hair long and loofe, and a little Hontxt on their 
 Heads, which tifcs high in a Spire, and isn.lilya- 
 dornedwith Jewels, they wear Rings in their Nofes, 
 as well as on their Fingeri, which are let with tim: 
 Diamonds. They fit crofs-ligg'd as the Men do, 
 and lie (as all the Orientals do ) on a Matrefs and 
 Carpet without Sheets, and covered with a quilted 
 Carpet. In their Food the Peifims are much more 
 Luxurious than the Twi^/ ; it confilh of Pi'.m. or 
 boil'd Rice, which is always lerved in, together 
 with a Difli of Filh or Flelh wnh Breath, all which 
 tibey mix together, and eat very copionllyat their 
 tU^ii or Evening Meal. They have alfo Ragou's 
 and Artificial Uilhes, togeiher wnh Plenty of Fruit, 
 whereof they cat to great excefi. Muctoa and 
 
 Lamb, with Pulletf, Capons. Partri'lpev Phelunt*. 
 and other Fowl ; and their Piljo Hap > "s nml 
 Fruit as abovefaid, is their ordma-y F'l'.l, iviili 
 which they grow very fat, and prid tlieiiif I es 
 much in it. Thus we arc told by '/'■■' ' ' an I 
 Dr. t'ry^r ; but on the contn; y, fomc o-hir 'I r.tvcl- 
 ler» rcprefent them as an abttcmious Pro('Ie. I hey 
 ufc no Knives, but tear the Mear to pieces and 
 fcoop up^ the Rice with their Fiiiper?, nor have 
 Spoons of better material than Wood. Rice is • 
 conftant Food, ferv'd up in all Meffrs, and ufed for 
 Bread, but they have fomc Wheat, and to thofe 
 that dcfire may have Whcaten Bread. The Com- 
 tnon People drink no'hing but Water, but the better 
 fort corrcft it with Oii/chai; and Iharpen it with 
 Vinegar ; and frcqurnrly drink Wine. 
 
 'I he tiovernmcnt of Pcrfin is abfolutc Monarchy, 
 thcKini-'s Will is L»w in all Cafes ; hejijgesof 
 the Lives and Fortunes of his SiibjeAs, without re- 
 gard to any other Jufticc qr I tw than his own Plea- 
 furc, and that often leads him to extravagant Seve- 
 nties, which the People fubinit to without the leafl 
 repining. And as this Arbitrary wny of Govern- 
 ment, may be juftly fufpcdcd to create him many 
 private Enemies, the Ruling Prnce always cithet 
 puts to Death, Imprifon' or Blinds, all his M.^lc Re- 
 lations, to prevent their hcadiiij; any Rebrliion. He 
 has a great many Wive?, ot all whom he is fi jea- 
 lous, that 'tis Death for any M.uuo louk upon them ; 
 whercfuic when he Travels, notice is given to all 
 Men t" quit the Road, nay their \ery Houfcs, and 
 retire to a great diltance, which every Body muft do 
 if he values his Life ; this they call "d'n.frt'. And in 
 his Arbitrary way, the Cr.rcuck^or Royal Interdid is 
 often laid upon Vifluals, inf imuch that fo.xerimes 
 for a month together, no Food is to be Ixjught but of 
 the ordinaricfl kinds, the Sellers not daring lo pan 
 with Pnuliry, Vcnifon, and what elfe is men- 
 tioned in the Order, to any Body but the King's 
 Officers. 
 
 The King is cxcefTivc Rich in Gold, Plate, and pre- 
 cious Stores, which is continually encreafed by the 
 Prefents made to him by the Crn>:s or great L<^th, 
 which they often repeat, efiiecially every New years- 
 day. He has many Lands, uhich he Farms out at 
 the Rent of one Filth, Third or fjuietimes half the 
 Produce. He has the Monopoly of Silk ; large Sub- 
 fidies from the fevcral Conipanies of fradcfmen ; 
 and all Eftatcs confifcated by Dtlnqucncy occiirto 
 the Ctown. Thefe togitliri '.vith many (niallil 
 Taxes, railc his Revenue fo high that all Traiel- 
 leis reprefent him as a very povverful Pri ce ; and 
 therefore Dr. Ilrylin niiilt be imich minakcn,' in 
 liimming his Revenue to no m"rc than four or five 
 Million's of Crowns, which is fir Ihort of what 
 fuch a Prince may be fuppofcd to have. OU.viu$ 
 makes it light Millions of Gold ; but as he men- 
 tioin not the Specie, we are as much in the dark as 
 to the Sdiii ; but if he means Tomrtx', the /V.y/.m 
 L')enomination each of which is fomcwhat above 
 three Pound Sterling, he may be fuppofcd to be 
 nearcll the Truth ; for this Princes c onltant Charge 
 in his Army comes to near one Million of /' m-.TU 
 per Annum. And his Stables arc fo largely fur-iiJhed 
 with fine Horfes, i 500 in number, fome whereof eat 
 out of golden Mangers, fays Utmelli. His Court fo 
 large, bi;$ Equipage fo fiiinptuoi's, his Attendants io 
 numerous, his Gardens fo lurpnzingly large and 
 finijly ac. oinmoilated, his Wives fo many . and in 
 Ihort, his Grandeur in all the parts of Pomp and 
 
 Expense 
 
 ' "I'm 
 
 -u 
 
«4 
 
 9 E R S I J. 
 
 1 
 
 Ezpcnce, (o rcmaikable, as all Travellers ftprcfent it 
 cannot be mainuined with a Ufs Revenue ilian the 
 iari;el) we have mentioned. 
 
 ■^'he Army conlUh of three forti, vi^, i. The 
 Cor/chi who arc defccnded of ancient Turk/, and 
 live ill the Country in Tents, of thcfe about 
 2;oco are in conftant Service, and ^ncrcafed when 
 occafioii requires, their Pay b 1 1 to i j Tomani per 
 ^'.niim, I. c. about 40 or JO Pound of our Money; 
 tliis is fo confidcrabic a Body of Men, that as Gimelli 
 tells us, the Chans and great Officers are moftly 
 chofen out of thctn, as bring Men of larger Suture 
 and finer Shapes than others. 2. The Goulams, v/ho 
 are Haves or the Sons of fuch, and rhiefly rcnc- 
 gado Gfoij(Utis, tltey arc about 14000 in number at 
 the conflaiit pay ot fix to eight Tomans per Annum, 
 thefe two Orders carry Bows and Arrows, and fervc 
 on Horfrback. j. The '1'ufetik.gi, who are Volun- 
 tiers raifcd in the Villages, but are moftly rencga- 
 do A mcniant, and are about 8000 in nuinber at the 
 fame Pay. Btfulcs all thifc, the King has his 
 Guard of Musketeers the number whereof is at his 
 ownl'ieafurc, but arc commonly zcoo. Thefe may be 
 fcckMied altoRi'ihtr to amount to about 50000 Men, 
 which is the ordinary Guard in time of Peace ; but in 
 the Wars thcf'c '/?4« has had,with the THit,the Tartar, 
 Or the fi'rf j/.M ;^ii.', which are the only Powers that 
 can alVcdl him, he has ordinarily brought into the 
 Field an Army of 150.000 Men, the gtcatift part 
 whereof were well mounted, fur the Pnfiam covet 
 to fcrve on Hor '■>ack. Kote this great Monarch 
 has no Naval Force at all, nor do the Ptifims excr- 
 cifc Navigation, contenting tliemfelvcs to fell their 
 Goods at Chmbron, to the Englif} and Duieli which 
 come thither to fetch them. 
 
 1 he firft Kings of the prefent Race aflcfled the 
 Title of Sophy, becaufe Aider the firrt of them bore 
 it But it is now difufcJ, and Schach or Pujcbach, 
 wiiicli iignifies Kin^ or great I ord, is his Title, 
 'i'lie SucceiFioi) to the Crown is Hereditary in the 
 Male Une, and in cafe of failure of Male Ilfue by 
 bis V'i'":s, the Sons of hisCcnciibines are admitted ; 
 an.' .,)r want of both, the next of Kin to the laft 
 King f jcceeds. 
 
 The Principal Officers under the King, according 
 to Trrvenor, are 
 
 The Eatwrd Ix^uirt, or the King's Vice-gerent, 
 like the Grand-Vizir in Twk.}- 
 
 The icpher Siut or GcneralifTimo, an Officer 
 created only in War time. 
 
 Th ■ K? oiighi-B/iff/i, or General of the Cufchi. 
 
 The Co.ii^r- Agitfi, General of the GouUmi. 
 
 The NnJ.il or Scdie, who is High-Prieft and 
 thief in Spirituals, as the Eattntd Doulet is in Tem- 
 purals ; this is an Office of fo great Dignity and 
 Wealth, that Cfmfij |a\s, hit Revenue amounts to 
 I ^000 Tom^ni per Annum. 
 
 The Schtick^-flSclom, or the Schcick of the Law, 
 who judges Spiiituals under the Sedie. And tlic Caji 
 who is his Aiiiftant. 
 
 The N.i{c , or Overfeer of the King's Goods, 
 Furniture, Gfc. 
 
 The Mehrer, firA Gentleman of the Chamber and 
 Chamberlain, who alwajri attends the Kine in Perfon. 
 
 The Mi'akrim Bajja, or Matter of the Hotfe. 
 
 The K.<;.in/uif;[, (ir Principal Secretary of State. 
 
 The MirM^ir Birjfn, who is chief Huntfman. 
 
 Tibe IjUili-.i^jji bnffj, Mailer of the Ceremotiie*. 
 
 I'he Munidiin baffa, chief of the Aftrologers, 
 The Hal^im Bajfa who is the chief Phyfitian. 
 Seignior GimelU adds much to this Lift Iq ihj 
 Names of very many other Officers, but being of 
 lefs Dignity, and only Servants in the King's Family, 
 we omit them. 
 
 FortheAdminifiration of Juftice, here arc 
 
 The Diviin'Begh! of Ifphihnn, who is Lord Chief. 
 JulHce, and has a Check over all ihc C/u«j. 
 
 The Chant are the Governours of Provinces, ot 
 particular Diftrids, whereof Gimelli gi\e8 us a lift 
 of 8i, bolides 37 fmallcr Governments, whofe Co- 
 vcrnou.s bear the Title of Vi^ir. Thefe Cham are 
 confulerable Perfons having great Power and largt 
 Revenues, i/^. 7 or 3ooo Tum/im, as Gn>ie/li tcllj 
 us, evi-r) of them maintains a fmall .4rmy of iol- 
 dicrs for the King's extraordinary Service. 
 
 The Dfrog.i, fuborJinae to the Utv.n-Bcgli, {^ 
 Judge in fmajl Uiltrii^s, and not unlike our Jultict 
 of the Peace. 
 
 The Aatai ptrforms the Office of our Conftabk, 
 
 In every Province and prcat Town, there is j 
 Diven-Beghi or Judge, who is appointed by thi- 
 King : And a Uctoga, who is appointed ly iht 
 
 Chan. 
 
 There is alfo in all gteat Towns, an Officer :%]■ 
 led A^f/oH/fr appointed by the King, whofc hiilincii 
 is like the {{.man Tribunes, to defend the I'eiple 
 from Oppreflion of Officers, and to rcprcfcm ihtir 
 caule at Court : He has alfo tlic Care of the King's 
 Revenues. 
 
 There isalfo in every great Town a Sc/viV(;or Cj/j, 
 to Judge Ecclefiaflical Caufes : Appointed by the 
 Sedie, 
 
 By all which it will appear, tliat altbo' the King 
 may ad arbitrarily in judging his great Officers and 
 Servants, yet that Juflice is neverthclefs well Admi- 
 niftred among the Subjeds. 
 
 By the I aw of Prfia, Eftates arc Hcreditar)', 
 not forfeited to the Prince, as in Tui\y and Iniii; 
 the Sons being afligned two Thirds, and the Daugh- 
 ters one Third. But if aC/ii//i.m turn M.(/jtim«ji(, 
 the Eftates of all his Chrij}inn Relations Ihall devolve 
 upon him, in exclufion of their Children : But 
 Chrijliani to evade rhis Law, makeover their FJkatej 
 before their Death, and fettle them in Tnill to 
 whom they pleafc ; Which is winked at and allowd 
 by the Judges. 
 
 Murder is pup.ilhed by the Friends of the dcccaftd, 
 to whom upon Conviftion the Criminal is delivcrrJ, 
 and by them fomctimes very barbaroully put to 
 Death. 
 
 Robbery upon the High-way is Punilhcd by verji 
 tormenting Death. 
 
 Theft is alfo puniflied by Death. And they have 
 this remarkable Remedy to prevent Bnrglary in the 
 Night, that the Watchmen, whereof a competent 
 number is maintained in all Towns, are rcfponfible 
 for any Robbti-y committed during the time of their 
 Watch. 
 
 Adultery is puniihabie to Death, and may be exe- 
 cuted by the Husband ; he may alfo kill the Adul- 
 terer if ne takes him in the Fad. 
 
 The M O N E Y's of Pofia as declarcil very par 
 ticularly by Tbevtnot, are of the Species and Values 
 as followi, t//.;. The rooft common Currant Coins, 
 ■re ihc Ahaffi, Mthvmidi, Chan, and Carkefhi. 
 
 the value of the 
 
 \b Pence En'i^lijh ; 
 
 mod certain value 
 
 Coin. 
 
 TheMu/w'"'' i' 
 
 The Chaii or Schi 
 
 TheC.n%/'», 1SI 
 
 The other Dei 
 
 Ihc Pijfler, wh 
 if full weight, i'. I- 
 
 I'he li'jti., of the 
 
 1 he Ucjuelle, wo 
 
 The 'I'oii.tn, is a 
 1; is of the value of 
 makes 3/. 61. 8./. c 
 
 In W E I G H r 
 
 Inneometrical\ 
 Corns breadth ; t 
 'J Fi'-ptis ?iakcth 
 And 3 Miles the i 
 (leographers rcckoi 
 10 a Degree. 
 
 laltly. The Con 
 ordinary, the Wal 
 Bricki bak(;d in the 
 at top and Terras' J 
 if Marble Column 
 lound an open 
 Flowers, and Plant 
 and beyond it a I 
 Roof rifes in a Ci 
 with Carpets, and 
 Banks tiirniflied wi 
 The Palaces do nt 
 and have the arch'< 
 The Front is comii 
 fore the fineft Strec; 
 fo abundance of W( 
 
 With which we 
 ftrcnt State of Pei 
 wo the HIST 
 
 The various R 
 Power of the Nat 
 thcAtilioriS of the 
 liderable enough tr 
 them ; But the 
 Place, and thercfc 
 might perhaps be 
 over, we can onl 
 of it in former Ag 
 for better informa' 
 
 PERSIA m 
 prchcnJed bel'idcs 
 Potent Nations of 
 
 ^Mfdiir, wuihc 
 and Armenia, and 
 try where thefe Pi 
 namely Iran, Sci 
 haps too GiUti, r 
 from Madai the S 
 it. The ancient 
 and renowned in i 
 hninn Fjnpirc. 
 
 PnJU, ftrialy t 
 r<if/[/?.iw, but exte 
 of Tarlary. Siifia 
 of Ham, whofe So 
 the Modern Chufii 
 
T E R S 1 J, 
 
 the value of the Jilitffi is iS Frcncli Sol::; ; that is, 
 r6 I'tnce P.n'^l'Jh ; they arc of the fitidl Silver and 
 moli certain value, and withal the irioll Currant 
 Coin. 
 
 The Maimtiidl is of the Valine of half an Abnlji. 
 
 TlicC/'(»'»or Sclwis, IS the Fouiili of an /ibajji. 
 
 The Ctiikcghi, IS the Tenth Part of a icbaii. 
 
 The other Denominations aud Speciesare, 
 
 fhc PUfter, ^vhlch is thirteen Schais, or better 
 if full vjcighf, I. c. aboiit 4^. 6.!. 
 
 The ll'jli, of the value of 4 i'asheghi!. 
 
 'Ibebo.juelle, worth? .'liwij'.'s. 
 
 Tlie I'cm.ui, is a denomination rather ihan a Coin, 
 I! is of die value of 1 ; i>i ■!>.:> s or 50 dl'njfi's, uhith 
 makes 3/. 6'- 8./. of o'.ir Money 
 
 In WEIGH T, the A/jh of I;'prfl:in is i x Pounds. 
 
 InGeometrical Meafurc. The Finger ts lix Barley 
 Cornj breadth ; tliat is three quarters of our Inch. 
 M Fii-fti!. r^aKcthc Cubit. 4000 Cubits the Mile. 
 And 3 Miles the Ftifu>;^ or I'.irr.lnng. TliC Fnjlan 
 (iccgraphers reckon i* Pkirpng, and one Seventh 
 10 a Degree. 
 
 Laltlj', The Common BullJiifi of Pcrfm arc very 
 ordinary, the Wall; being of Mud interinixt with 
 Bricks baked in the Sun, and arthed over, but Hat 
 itiop and Terras'd. Tlu Geniy have the addition 
 if Marble Columns, and builu a fort of Piazza, 
 round an open Wrfj, wherein are Fountains, 
 Flowers, and Hants ; on each tide arc finall Rooms, 
 and beyond it a large entertaining Kooni, whofe 
 Roof nfes in a Cupola, and thi: Floor is cover'd 
 with Carpets, and round about are Sofa's or riling 
 Banks liirninied with Quilts and Pillows to lull on. 
 The Palaces do not exceed two Stories in hcighih, 
 and have the arcli'd Roofs adorn'd with Faintings. 
 The Front is commonly Shops for Traden, where- 
 fore the finelf Srree;s in If.tinn fur k^alaces, have al- 
 io alnmdance of well furnilh'd Shops. 
 
 With which we tiniih our GeiKral Notitu of the 
 prront State of PnlU, 
 
 \MOthe HISTORY of if, 
 The various Revolutions of this Country, the 
 Power of the Nations it formerly cciiililled of, and 
 the Adions of their fevcral Princes, have been con- 
 liderablc enough to dcfcrve an ample Declaration of 
 them ; But the Subje(ft is too Copioj; for tins 
 Place, and therefore to fitislie our Reader, who 
 might perhaps be offended if wc wholly patted it 
 fivcr, wc can only give a Ihort Uint of the State 
 of it in former Ages, and refer him to the Hilloiians 
 tur better information. 
 
 PERSIA in the Extent we now fee it, com- 
 prehended beiides many fnialler States, the three 
 Potent Naiions of hirdia, I'rjia and I'ni ihia. 
 
 ^Wcrfi'ir, was the Wcitcrn Part ad)oii;ing to /IJ}yiU 
 and /Umenij, and may be laid to be tiie lame Cour 
 try where thefe Provinces ire fet down in oui Map,, 
 namely Irm, Scitw/m and AiA^erimjAn : And per- 
 haps too G<7<»/, and part of £'jr;^: DcnomiiuieJ 
 from Mnd-ti the Son of Itflvt, the firft Planter of 
 it- The ancient Inhabitants weic great Warriots, 
 and renowned in Story for their deftroying the B*h- 
 ImUn Empire. 
 
 Pr<Ji<t, ftrialy taken was the Country now called 
 I't'JiJIjn, but extended Northward to the Fromiers 
 of Ttrury. Stifianit or CbuJUim, from Chiii ihc Son 
 of /y<m, whofe Son Havilah planted it, the fame wiih 
 the Modern ClmfijUn adjoiiKd pn the Well, aud was 
 
 |)art of Per/?*, as were alfo Carjm.ti.i.i, /In'.:, ar.do- 
 ther Provinces which lay on the EaH . 
 
 Pirihi.i, was of fnialhr extent, feared in the 
 Midland, and Mi not exceed the the bounds of the 
 Modern ErAcl;. 
 
 Bcfides thefc three Nations, which arc moft frc- 
 ijucntly mentioned in Hillory, there were divers 
 others, whofe People bore a lliaie in the Wars, an'l 
 other Tranfailions til thefe Pa; t.s ; and thtrelcre it 
 may not be improper to give you a view of tbc an- 
 cient Pcrfia, compated with the MoJcrn in its lull 
 extent, from Cluveii,:s and others. 
 
 The prefent Pc'Jli contains ihcfe ancient Countries, 
 ri^. Meciir., the liirits whereof we h.ive' already fet 
 forth. It comprehended the Regions of /iirop.tfi.i, 
 CImomiternc, Stt^rianicj, Hft^i^tun, Unritis, Zf.p.ii-o'' 
 tene, Syiomedin; wherein were thefc chief Cities, 
 Echat/tna, Arftciii, Cyrip:liij luirofus. 
 
 2. Sujin>i/i, the Modern ChuJ'iftitn as we have faid, 
 comprehended the Countries of Miliii-ne, Cr.b.uamc, 
 Characcuf, Cijfiit, Ct'nlt.ipith, and the (.'.»«/)"/ b:i im ; 
 whereof the chief Cities were Si.jj and T.i'i ii:n.i. 
 
 3. i'cfii, or th': prefent F.vjiflnn, contained the 
 Regions of y'.:^f/,. cwr, Mij.iiit, MaiMoie, To.rivnr. 
 The chief Ci.ies whereof were Prrffpolit, Axlmr,, 
 Mn.ujiuni, Totice. 
 
 4. P.nihia or Erack,, contained tlufc Countries. 
 Comifenr, Pnrtl.ienr, P.ii.ur.iituctic, I'aiifne. The 
 chief City lle:nfL»ip)liis. 
 
 5. Uyrcimu, !ay on the Northof Pnrthi.i, and the 
 Banks of ilie Ihn-.w.tn oiCaj['i<in.Scj, the fame with 
 the Province now called M/i:(rt«i/:/<:t» or Tf.b.-.rijlai:. 
 
 6. A- 1.1, adjoined to Pjrtiin on the F.ift, and 
 leems to have been pan of the Province now named 
 Cl.Hi.ijf'ajj, Chief Cities of it were Aria, AU.xttndti.t 
 and bitux.i. 
 
 7. BtiHrian.i, lay next to the Eallward, and may 
 be computed as ihe reft of C/.or.iff.m. Chief Cues 
 were B.iHr,i, FbuJJu'i, Maritcan.l.i, Chnr^ .tchaiirt. 
 
 8. Maigi-ina, lay on the North of both thete, ex- 
 tending to the Ruer O.xuj, which divided it from 
 Scytl^it^ and is at prefent named F.finrr.tiH. I'hc 
 chief Cities were /tnticchin-M/irgiju.t, formerly called 
 Alexandria, and afterwards Sf/n/e;'<i. 
 
 9. Fjrofimifu, the Modern Sabluflnn, lies on the 
 V.3.A of BjcliiaiiJ, to tne Frontiers of liidin. The 
 chief Cities were i'/imra, othcrwife called Ortrjpttna 
 and i\4...,Vw. 
 
 lu. Arr.cl ji,;, \\\c prelVnt <\iKdab", lies on the 
 Frontiers of Indit, adjoini ^ to Piri^jynijii en the 
 South-ealt. The duel Cities were Atachottus and 
 AUx.mdt ij. 
 
 1 1. Dra)ij^i,-nir, lay on the Souih of thefe, and is 
 at prefent named ,V/i;//?<ib. The chief Cities there 
 were Ai i.tjpe and Prtp\ th.ijU. 
 
 1 1. CiMwiHi'f, the fame with '\}>crmnn, lies on 
 the bait of Pafii, on the Banks ol the ArabUti-Uta, 
 to the Frontiers of /)..//,;. Its chief Cities were C4»- 
 mcw/T, S,nii)d/i(e, Atcxf.iidiin. A'mii-{n. I.aDly, 
 
 1 J. Ccdriifii, lay on the Eall of Cararmniit, and 
 on the South of l)inn^i(in.i and Amhofm, on the 
 Banks of the Ainbiau-Srn, extending Eaflward to 
 the Frontlets of (;w{.«Mt in Indm ; whe«eby it com- 
 prehended the Province mark'd in 'our Map by the 
 name of Mnks''", asalf!) T.jrf<»and $end. iwo imall 
 Provinces of the Mcfui's Empire. Its chief Cities 
 were Pi'fis, Aibis inaCmi:'. 
 
 This was the Firent of I'eryi.i, when the King- 
 
 I'oins of Mfdi,i and Prfia were united i i the Pcrlon 
 
 ofQrHJlbcGtcat, A. M. 34" 9- That Prince con- 
 
 K ijueted 
 
■'h 
 
 6S 
 
 P 
 
 B k S ! ji. 
 
 r 
 s 
 
 u . 
 
 qnerrd Bt^hionin, twXcd the Third or fw/<iw Mo- 
 narchy upon the total Ruin of rhc Affjnan ; and 
 thereby extciid»il che Pu/kh Ooininion thra' ^ffpU, 
 Anntnin, and ajl the Afin-Minat, to the ftontiewof 
 Kiinfir. But this Monarchy Ufttd no hnf,tt than 
 1^-6 Years, in a. Sucretfian of ii EiTi|>cror» j the 
 Third of whom, Djiiui Hyjfnjpr.' invaded Greece 
 with an A»fliy of locooo Foot, «nd loooo Horfr. 
 A Force iUflUient to have ovcr-nin all that Counrry, 
 if the Virtue and Braveiy of the Grxcitmi, had not 
 exceeded what could polRbly have been cxpeAed 
 from Men. Of theft no larger an Army than icooo 
 could be collected, who uiuk-.- the L'onihidl of 
 hliitiaJcs ventured to give the Peijinvs Baltic, in the 
 Plains of SUmiith near Atihui, and vifith the lofs of 
 buc i9i, according to Herotl''w, entirely defeated 
 that vaft Army. Xoxrs the Son and Sucv.eiror of 
 Daiiui renewed the Attmript againft Greter^ and af- 
 ter 10 Years preparation, invadid it with fo vail 
 an Army, that the whole Land wa> in a man- 
 ner covered, and whole Riwrs drank dry by them. 
 But neither had iliit Expedition better cffcirt ; for 
 after the Land-fttjht at the Straights of 'The>nupj4.t, 
 and the Sca-tiglit ut SnUmis, Seixcs was glad to re- 
 tire, and leave his General Mir<ii «;'«/ with 300000 
 Men to finifh the W.i.r ; which was indeed fo<in after 
 ended, by the eniirc Rout of the I'eJJjn Army, in 
 the famous Battle of Pi.itxti. About i ^0 Years after 
 dm, Alesmhier King of MtcTii^n invaded AJU^ 
 fought the mwcious I'cifmn Army, Pirft, atthe River 
 Crnnnici.! in I'hiygin^ Secondly, at Ifftii in Cih'cU, 
 and Thirdly, at A)I>-U in AJJyria ; in all which 
 Battles he won entiie Vidlcries, and finaHy entred 
 Rjtihn triumpliamly. Hereby began the Third or 
 Gi ccUn Monarchy, which laftcd only during that 
 Kind's Life. 
 
 At the Grand Partition of ^llfxanJei'f Dominions 
 among hii Captains, Pcfi* was made part of the 
 Xyriati Kini|d(Uli of Selcucui Hicittnr. But it lafted 
 not long (o ; lor in the Riign of Anti.^hui Theoj, 
 th« Grandfon of" Scleucut, the Pitrthitmt rcrojted 
 under the Conditfl of Aijtcei a Ndblcman of (hat 
 Country, who pcrfwaded the iKighbouring Nations 
 to join with bim, and iHimed the Title of King. 
 He wa<! fuccceded by a Race of Princti who were 
 Potent Monarchs., and oppofetl the /(owiiwi with 
 grcaterVigoiir than any other Nation. And thisXing- 
 dom renuined thus under the Parthitn Government 
 from A. M. 3718. to A, C. 1x8. that it 470 Years, 
 at the end of which Arttxcrxet • Noblt Pcjlan hav- 
 ing (lain Artnhnui III. and repelled the ^om/wi 
 afcended the Throne, and is reckoned to have re- 
 Aored the Ancient I'ftliitn Race. Prom him a ntw 
 Dynafly or Race of Kinut, in 28 Generations go- 
 v«»ned this Country 406 Years. 
 
 In the Year 6)4, the iV^^enr under Hrt.'im.tr ot 
 Omar, the Succcifor of Mrlv»ut, by the Defeac of 
 IhimtJ.U II. put an end to that Kmgdom, and 
 Pftjia thence for\«ard becattK a part of the Strn^en 
 Einyitc, ;u>d was governed by certain DepiKics, 
 with (he Ttilo of -StUtatis uikler ihe Grand Catirh. 
 Inpiocefsof time the Sultatu of PerfitK Biltylov^ tVr. 
 quarolhng anuxig themlclvcs, nude divert Rcvolu- 
 iiuni ami Flui5biatV>ris of Power, which in the end 
 btousht in tlie Tuikt : The C>ccafton whereof wa 
 have already told in our Account of the Rife of the 
 Turkjfi Power, when we w»crc defcribmg T«rfo>«4B 4. 
 We there told yon that TannirHtix overcame the 
 Sultan, A. U, 1030. and afllimed che GavernTACoi 
 of I't'jit, he was fucceeJcd by a Race of Turl^ijh 
 
 Princes for about iqo Vear*, and then a new Di- 
 nafty of Ta>tatian Princes gamed the Government. 
 HadJm the firftof ihefe, becime King of i'tijU in tlw 
 Year ix6o. and was fiicceedcJ by 8 of his I'oftontj 
 to the Year 1937. when Ahujatd the latt of that Hct!it 
 being dead, the Kirgdoin became di idid aniinj 
 Taitar Princes, till Tavuiltun «bo«f the Ytar 1400. 
 reauLcd the whole to his obedience, arid left it to 
 hisSoa Ww?j-C.'j<»«'4- Bt" that Famil, heWitrct 
 long, for after continual Feuds among themfelvcj 
 in a Sucvvf^"^ of Six Gencratioiis, ^^v^a the laflot 
 thcni, was defeat d aad ilain by 'i;i7J«n-t''<|/dw.',wh!j 
 was at that time Ov .ernour of Tiiramattiii ; by thai 
 Vidory He afcended theThrune of Poiy/'a in tlieYeai 
 1471. and was fuccceded by liis Son Jacub in 147!, 
 and he l^his Kinfmanytt/jt^iir in i49;;;thc next iui- 
 cclTor was Hnijir.grr who began to Reign in 1 495. and 
 after two Years left it to I{ujhn. In Iu»Rr jgn rhc An 
 c«ftorof theprefcmRacc Lcpanto demand fIveCrowr 
 There was an ancient Noble F.inuly in KUM.:, 
 defcended from XluJ" Cncjint ih« t)nlv Grandl'onot' 
 Hdh, iliat tli:apcd the fwy of Ujmjf,'i sSuca'tlors, 
 who lived in » private Lordifcip wijH Hcmotir and 
 Rcl'pc(5l. G'«i«c the Heir ot that Family, feeuighis 
 Country the coniinnal Prey of Strangers, .began to 
 have thoughts of making himfelf diljph, an Office 
 which hail been long time difcommued, but diel 
 without putting his l'ro)nil in e»eciitioa his Jfon 
 /Wrt or Stfaidn, who was a (.' '..uii or Lawyer v»n» 
 tured ufen it, but was ovctcume iwd ilam. This 
 Man as VirariHt »«rir«s, from the Aaxtunts he recei^'J 
 in Perji,,, had marrwd the Daugiiter of t'ljum Cuf- 
 Jar.Ds, ar.d then<-c as he uuimatts, cl.iim'ii the 
 Crown; he was wirhai a Man of great Preitnce to 
 Piec'j and Purity in Rehi^ion, fur which be was cal- 
 led Stfh or rtehgioua, and thcKby had gained ir.iKh 
 Lftimation with the common People j aud upon th« 
 whole, was able 10 raile Army enough to li||)g 
 l{iijirw : lut thai Prince, or rather W^twk/ his iuc- 
 tclTor, ( viho began 10 Reign 149S.) overcsinc and 
 Hew hint. Hijuxxeu ot ^mul %eph, the St.ri of A.dv, 
 when grown up renewed his Father's Pretenliow, 
 and by the ainflance of his Friends, reverg'd bis Fa- 
 ther Death in the Slaughter of .Uimrt. 
 _ Thus bep'rt the new DynaAy 0/ ibe prtfcnt 
 Kings of Pitjht, an\ here too te{(an the new Reli- 
 gion ; fe' tfmtii being defccrxled Irora kttis decl«r«d 
 him chd triieSiicccnisrof Wo^rnw. and hiiiifclf the 
 true Califh. This Prince by hit Virtue, Courage, aad 
 many Vitftories, aoquir'd a very gwat Niwie, and 
 was addrelfed to froai all Pares : In revenge for die 
 Jmki having atfifted Al»mtt apainll his Father, hfl 
 invaded and tonqueicd Aljyria^ Cl'n <i*4 and Me/opi- 
 tami* ; and after a Reign of to Year* left a large 
 Kingdom to his Son. 
 
 Ttmut, who waw a weak Prince, he was van- 
 quithed by Stiftmtn the Magnificeiit, and loll thofe 
 Pans of the THikifk} Df«»in««i» whichhu Father haii 
 cofi<)tier\l, and di«d Mty 11. 1 574. 
 
 .tiiiei, the fecond Son rf itm»%i (aecoiding to 
 fome Hiftoriaris) fucceeded, bu ; his Cruelty being 
 intolcrtbtc, he was put to Dear 4 afief a Reign (V 
 t) Days; and then 
 
 fjmarl II. who by Olttriut is accoontcd the fetond 
 Son of T.m/t/, b it by others the eldett, futceeded and 
 reigned one Year, or two according tooihtrs, and 
 was iiain for his '] yianny. 
 
 hUhnmet Ci<*(i/:l>r)iJr^ i. t. Servant of God, aTitle 
 given him ftvm his Rrligious Life, the third Son af 
 TrtWMi lucceeded. The Tmkj and lanmi takma 
 
 advantai;': 
 
 iJvantage ftoti» thi 
 t(f IB hjm Aimenic^ 
 liven Years .and dit 
 V.mlr Ikinje, his 
 after a Reign of < 
 the fi-coiid Soft bett^ 
 
 ichah liiai, the ] 
 taken rff his elde 
 Throne, snd prove 
 recovered what hai 
 and vvai a Tcrtoi: 
 tiirt. He extendec 
 wirJ into b..ii.T, ai 
 ivVncehecKpclled 
 moved to his own I 
 f om him named Ke 
 : ally he removed 
 ,,vw". He was o 
 1: fecn-.s hated by h 
 ,iAted to his Son M 
 :or the Croiv.i, hi? 
 ; ;e yminf; Prince b'! 
 icveal'dit tohis Fa 
 Hiight reclaim him, 
 ;hai out of jc.iloud 
 I'icui Son. And 
 1628. in the65rh.' 
 ti- Reign. 
 
 ^ fi) or S.-/>, the 
 <d::hAU, was by 1 
 andDirediondeclai 
 his Youth, being 
 King numinarcd a t 
 him, for repenting 
 tf his Son, endeavt 
 of his Ilfiic. Accor 
 cruel and vicious Pr 
 jnd died after 1 3 Y 
 
 sUKiJ} that II. hi: 
 Ape fuccecdeti. He 
 ijenerffi'.y, but fo 1' 
 he became unacVivt 
 bou: » I Years, and 
 by his Son. 
 
 Jc/'«/) ,9f;i/7 or ,V-! 
 $i'iim or Sal)mitn II! 
 He died in 1 6gi^. 
 
 Se-.tOjfen, who 
 1694, being then 
 for oupht appears, 
 lluathful aafe, and 
 which reitdcis their 
 
 Hsvi.ng given ou 
 Hilloiy of Pofit 
 nitural Prodii£fs, 
 iierj of ihe Inhabi 
 with the intended 
 cow proceed ro wl 
 ncfii, namely a 
 View of the Cou 
 ticulat as tlie Auth 
 V(llers will give 
 pretty well fiirnifl: 
 mS:, \Jlt.Theveni 
 Hi-il'fn, and Sir 
 carefully confuh 
 Subftani;e of all th 
 
 fWi 
 
T E R S I A. 
 
 <7 
 
 aJvantiga ftotti the mildnefs of hij Temper, won 
 f[f IB l)fai •4'W""'', Media trAOsor^in, h6 itigned 
 liven Yews and dkd in 1 585. 
 
 Xmir Ikmje^ his eldcft Son Tuccccded but wa»ftain 
 aficr a Ktigri of tight Months, nor had IJmtiei i\\. 
 the ftcond Soi* better Fate. 
 
 Jc/m/' libai, the youngcft Son of Mahomet, having 
 liken rff liis eklcr Brother ''^i'^', afcended the 
 Throne, and proved a liravc Viftorious Frince, he 
 recovered what had been loft in his Fathcrt Reign, 
 and was ;i Terror to both Turk and Tartar aU his 
 rime. He extended his Kingdom by Conqueft EaiV- 
 wirJ into I1..//.1, and Snuthward thro' l.nr to. Onnus, 
 v.iifnce hccxpilled the Poituguc:{c, and thereby re- 
 moved to his own Portsof Gmnbno^^ fwbich it fincc 
 f om him named Hcvdo-ubnlJ) and Rcndd-iongo: And 
 : ally he removed the Imperial Scat from Cajwin to 
 , MJ..«. Ht was of a cruel Nature, and therefore 
 1: fecn-.s hated by his .Subjefls, who privately inti- 
 ,nited to his Son Mir:^it SntI ., that if he tvould pufli 
 :or the Crow.i, W. IhonlJ not want ailiflaiicc. But 
 \:c yoting Prina b«ins virtuoufly dilpoftd, honeiVly 
 ic'.eard It tohis l'a:her, in liopej we may fdppole, it 
 flight reclaim him, but it had fo different an effeft 
 ibat out of jcaloufic he barbaroufly murther'd that 
 I'ious Son. And foon after died himfelf, A. D. 
 1628 . in the 65th, Year of his Age, and the 45th. of 
 ti> Reign. 
 
 S:ph or S:fi, the ; on of i>/<v?« the injured Son of 
 <ck:bAb.!-, was by his Grandfather's particular Will 
 andDifediondecfar'd his Succelfor, and by rt'afon of 
 his Youth, being then but i s Years of .Age, the 
 King nominated a trufty Friend to alTift and prorcft 
 bim, for repenting his Wickednefs in the Murther 
 of his Son, endeavoured to ationc for it by this care 
 "f his Iifiic, Accordingly ioV>i. reigned, 'mr was a 
 cruel and vicious Prince, he joi\ ha^dit to ihcTurk;, 
 ind died after i j Years Reign. 
 
 idxih (iiai II. his Son, a Youth of 1 2 Years of 
 Ape fucceedcd. He was a Prince of Bravery and 
 ijenert'fiiy, but fo fwallow'd up in Drunkcnnel's, that 
 tt became unac^ive and molt cruel. He reigned a- 
 bout ji Years, and was fuccceded //. 1664 or 1666. 
 by his Son. 
 
 Schgh Stphj or Sofh II. who ithanged iils name to 
 ^I'lim or Sol)mm III. of whdm nothing tonfiJerable. 
 He died in 1 6^4. and was iuccccdcd by his Son. 
 
 Jc.'.j Qjfen, vvho began to Reipn \he 6\\\. of ■'u^ufl, 
 1694. beuig then 25 Year>of Age, and li (till iwing 
 for oupht appears. Thefc latter ' linciihaM h'cHin 
 lloathful safe, and attempted no Wars on an) ude, 
 which renders their Hirtory obfcurc. 
 
 Hsving given our Reader a general Account of the 
 Hiltoiv nf Poji.t to thi', time, and Ihewn h.m the 
 nifural ProduOs, the Culloms, Teit\prrs, and Man- 
 ners of (he Inhabitants, as amply as could confift 
 with the intended brevity of this Work. We Ihall 
 flow proceed fo what is more particularly our Bufi- 
 nefs, namely a Geographical and Topogiaphical 
 View of the Country, wherein we (hall be as pat- 
 ticvilatas the Authentick ctonntsof Judicious Tra- 
 vcllcrj will give uf leave. A.ul happily we are 
 ptetty well furnifticd with Materials, by Seignior G«- 
 ■'""•'''i Mr. Thnenet, Tavcrn'm, Olenrins. Sir Tlmnai 
 Hiil'fit, and Sir Jolm Ciirdln, all whom we (hall 
 larei'uljy confult an.1 prtfcnt the Reader with the 
 Subflanveof all they lay. 
 
 A Tabic of tht! I^avinces ai PEH^SIA, and chief 
 Citiei in each, ia otde.i as they ftaiid in the fol- 
 lowing Defcription. 
 
 f Derient, 
 SCHlRWAN.fe;^;^.,, 
 
 Ctaurii, 
 AIDERBEITZAN.{/lr</ewY, 
 
 ^Stiliania. 
 
 \ Ma^^anileran, 
 
 / Omcd or Amou!, 
 s^TtibaiijUn. 
 
 fCinbin, 
 
 iKpm, 
 ERACKor ) HamaJan; 
 HfcRAKAGtMI \c,/hnn, 
 
 ,., [ISPAHAN viitb 
 fSuJicr or S11J4, 
 
 CHUWTAN. &;!Vt, 
 
 iBtttd/cr-H^Jtst. 
 
 I' ''Shirtt. 
 PetJepoUj 61 
 TJcbitt-minAr'^ 
 
 ■ . . . . j Gcmbtutn or 
 
 • . • • r ( SeWi/fi -Abi£i, 
 
 , ^Scndtr-Cimge. 
 
 BAHARfiN, Infl. 
 ' ■ Kfckmijp, la. 
 
 L*rt^4, la. 
 
 KHERMAN. 
 
 MAKtRAN. {c/ft 
 
 LUiabetcrJ, 
 fGutdtl. 
 
 ^Ja/quet, 
 
 .B*rmafir, &C. 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 •n.it 
 
 m 
 
 MvO 
 
 ■■'"', N 
 
 SIGISTAN. <;-!. ;«,/., 
 Ic 
 
 I'h'udc^,, 
 C^rttHlian, 8tc'. 
 
 iSABl.USTAM.{gf^,4,,^^g,,, 
 CANPAHAR. Camldv. 
 
 K > 
 
 CHO^ 
 
 
6^ 
 
 T B R S I A 
 
 rl i 
 
 ill 
 
 / Herat oj Sei htri, 
 ^Me/chid, 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 E!j:; 
 
 CHORASSAN..'N,v/«io„r. . 
 
 (rhuft, ace. 
 
 # Terabad or Fet jb.i\ 
 ESTARABAD. J Maibw--, 
 K-ir-:- KHOEMUS. ) l«d,on, 
 
 V ^jif/;«/, Sec. 
 
 In rntring rer/?< from ('•em^i.i, we pafs thro" the 
 Provinces of Schittvan and ylid^rh.t)a't or Aideibct^Ah, 
 a Coviutry ihat i> cold, but very healthy fa>sT(i- 
 vcrnier. SC H l/^ffv Mays O/mm'u/, isaConntry 
 of extraordinary fertile Soil, > ielding Rice, Wheat, 
 Barley, Hay, and even great ftofc of Vines; the 
 land was all green when they were there, vuhich 
 wasin Novembei, and continued fo to the middle of 
 December. The chief Cities in this Part arc, 
 
 Derient, whiih fignifies a Straight, called by the 
 Vurkj Demir-e.w, or Iron-gate, being a Pafs between 
 the Mountains and the Ci/piiin-Sej, It was al- 
 ways a Place of importance, and mentioned by Tj- 
 ciruj and other ancient Authors, under the Names 
 of C.ifpi.t-PyU 01 Citjpiii-Cl.iujhr, audit is ftill the 
 Gate into t'etfi.i from T/irf.ivir, and therefore well 
 Fortified. The City fills up the whole Defile be- 
 tween the Cr.lpien-$e«, and the craggy Mountains 
 on the Frontiers of Gcirf/>, which is a League in 
 length ; and is furrouiided with ftrong Walls, built 
 of a fyrt of Plaifter made out of powdei 'd Stone and 
 Shells, which is of the coniiftence of Stone, and as 
 firm as Marble. The Caftle wherein the Governor 
 refides, Hands upon a Mountain, and has always a 
 Guard of 5 CO Men in ii; the City when pon'elii;d 
 by the Twkr^ was well inhabited by deck Mer- 
 chants, /Ut when King I'.mii ll^-mje, the Son of 
 Mabomi't Chodr.b-vde recovered it, he fo ruined if, 
 that that part of the Town towatds the Sea lidc, 
 has evcrrtnce been iminhabiteif and chiefly converted 
 into Gardens ; the Coalt is all Rock, which renders 
 It dangerous to Shippirif;; and on the whole, the 
 City is only confiderable on account of its Strength, 
 and bting the paifagc from Miiiccv]i and 'iju,vy into 
 I'eijia. It is the utinolt limit of Perjiu on the Nonh- 
 wcff, and is fcated in the 41 D. ana 50 Miii. of 
 1 atit. CAmbafladors Tra\e|j.i 
 
 (■'/in^ci, a Ciiy fcated on the Road between r i.j>i 
 .md Sc/iw/tcrie, but hardly within the limits of this 
 I'rovincc, fince 'tis feated on the other fide cf the 
 River K'"' '■ Uiit (iiice omitted there, we fliall fpeak 
 of it here, as being tco confiderable to be omitted ; 
 for Father -/in//, who palled thro' it in the Year 
 1686. tells us, 'tis one of the beft Cities in i't'/;.», 
 lituatc in a very pleafant Plain of 25 or 30 1 eagues 
 long, watered by the Conflux of many great Rivers, 
 and fi) picaUntiy U;rrounded with Groves of Trees, 
 that the I'efiiDii call it the Garden of the Empire. 
 Its Market- places are Spacious and Magnificent, fur- 
 rounded with taulted Ware-houfe$, filled with va- 
 rivius fwts of f^'inmodities, the Cjty being a place 
 of gnat Trade and Coi.courfe. f./K i//.3 
 
 SihAiiLubie, the Capital of SJtiiann, a City fays 
 Farther rtvili, that might formerly challenge Rank 
 among the bcft and moll populous of all P'r/ii, be- 
 fore it wasalmulldeilroycdby a furious Earthquake, 
 however it is ftill fuppoffd to contain neat ooooo In- 
 habitants, one half whereof are Aimenitfii ; and 
 
 even (he other half are niollly Stranger?, whointht 
 pleafanaiefs of the Country, and TrafTick haveir.- 
 vited thither, thus far yivriil. This City ftands o.i 
 a River which falls into the Cifpimi-Sen, 40 O'.-rmj, 
 Leagues South from Dnbent, I at. 40 D. 50. M, 
 (fays O'e.nuf] and is a Piice of great Trade, the 
 Streets narrow, and the Houfcs built of Earth aid 
 very low. Before it was deltroyed by the Turii jnthc 
 Reign of Sbit-/lb.ii, It Contained (favshc/ above 5000 
 Houfes, which Ihews that in his time, //«. 163(5. it 
 was far Ihort of what farther .-/i//.'/ talks of j forjn 
 its then flourifhing State, the 5000 Houfes it confiftcd 
 of, could not be fuppofed to contain 6000 liihi^i- 
 taiits. The Earihiiiiakc mentioned by Wur///, happen- 
 ed in the Year 1 667,and theCity was rebuilt in 1S7;, 
 fay Snuyi. Dr. l-lcylin from Ca>tv>ight, an EnilifJu. 
 veller in thefe Parts, fpeaks of a notable Pillar n 
 Men's Skulls, which fa s O^e.m'us] fnupht for ill ovtt 
 the City, but could hear no news of, Dr. ih-uinmrH 
 be cxi'ukd, as being led into tlic erri)r b.' ( .1 ;. 
 rf'ig>e J but why his new F.ditot who quotes almo;i 
 the fame Page of O.e/ttius, where 'tis comradijf:^ 
 does not corri'£> it I can't imagine. 
 
 hJ^u, feated near the Banks of the O"^":' ir-?-. 
 on the River that flows by SctmnMe is a noted Pot;, 
 and giver a name to the Cufpian-Sea. 
 
 AIDER^BEITT^ /IN, commonly called AUir- 
 t.tjm or Admbipan by F.urcprr.m, the South pan of 
 Midiii^ and called Medin-mnjoi by the Anciims, 11 
 bounded on the North by Sdnmnn, whence 'iis f< 
 peratcd by the Dcfarts of Mol^an ; on ;Iic Welt by 
 the River Ami, which divides it from t'lrtt part of 
 Ceo, gin called hitn or f^arnbag • on the Fift with 
 KjLdi or Gilnn ; and on the South with Curdii'tjn or 
 ytjjy'i". A Country of p-.oiifi-k Suii, and iealiby 
 tho' cold Climate. The cl:i£t Citit? hete arc, 
 
 Tau'is or Titbrii, fuppofed to have riicn out of 
 the Ruins of the ancient F.cb/ttann, a City as ancient 
 as Babylon, and fomctime almoft equal to it in Beauty 
 and Magnificent.;'. The Walls being reckoned in 
 the hook o( Judith, 'o bc7o Cubits high and joCu- 
 bits broad. It was the feat of the' Monarchs of 
 A'U-dir. and Pcifu, whofe Palace was of mn(V fiitrp- 
 tuOus Strudure. The picftnt LiuMi is one of ihc 
 richcft and moll populous Cities of Pfi/;Vr fiys O.f.i- 
 iiiii ; it is fcated in a fair Plain, environed wiiii 
 Mountains on all lides but the Weft, a lirtlc Rivci 
 lUined Spriii^icl'-: runs thro' it, over which there ite 
 three Bridges ; it is a latgc and well peciplcd City, 
 as being the Mart between 'i'//'/^', Mubrvi. Aimemf, 
 and hid if,, and has a great number of Merchants, 
 and vart quantities of rich Gnids, efpecially Silks. 
 Piovilionsare cheap, and Money more plentiful than 
 in any other parto^ Ajia. Ihe Houfes are huilt of 
 vSun-burnt Brick, not above one or two Stories high 
 and vaulted at top ; the Silk Weavers hcie are ex- 
 cellent Artillj, and the Shagrci'n Skins fo valuable 
 every where are dreifed here, {ravttnin.) Ttu'i 
 ( fays Sir Jtim Ch.udin ) is u I'erlian Leagues, ot 
 5 coo Paces each diftant from F.rivnv, and 40 Leapucs 
 from the C/:fpi.iK-Sra, Lat 18 Deg. feated in a Plain 
 at the foot of a Mountain, which modern .Authors 
 fuppofe to be the Onniei or Baitmrci of PcMiui, do- 
 f/c'Kj, and I'rntem^ ; iiu cold bu: very healthy Air. It 
 is in Rank, Magnitude, Riches, Commerce, and 
 number of Inhabiunis the Sccoml City ot P''./'''i 
 but has neither Wallsnor Fottifications, it contains 
 1 5000 Houfes and 1 jooo Shops, for the Houfes arJ 
 Shops are built apatt in J'f>/<i ; the Shops compuie 
 
 fia:ii> 
 
 Bai.ns Of Ma 
 Streets vauhed o 
 ate divers Bazai 
 [he Cit\, and th 
 iiuir.bet of the In 
 nay loitic aflinn 
 leiidred the mor 
 Strangers tiom a 
 Bi-.^k-Se,!, i'r.'rr.t 
 comes to pafs, i 
 well furnilhed >.v 
 Home Conimod 
 courle of Strangi 
 Inns, foiiie whi 
 I oJgers. And 
 ilux of People, 
 cccilinR cheap, \ 
 of a Penny, at 
 the Pound, aaJ 
 forts of Neccliari 
 he, '.,{/i'{ ./-//CI 
 
 Quarries of whit 
 Ipaieti'. .And n 
 one of Salt, aii< 
 IS cxhaultcd aivi I 
 Jigfing. Here 
 nioltly Sul|'liure 
 Auth.ir's /Sir io. 
 the Orii^ine and 
 nough, are too 
 futficieiit to fay, 
 iiioiilly agree, th 
 the i<5th. Year 
 In thii Wars bet w( 
 ten taken and rega 
 andSi/ym/:/) iheM 
 jnii I vjo. and aj 
 lacked if, and t 
 Citadel to curb i 
 .ioiii, Am:!i 1614. 
 ever linee been fu 
 .i'dchil 1,1- y/.J 
 fiands ,dmut 1^. / 
 iS 1). ', .M. Ill a 
 with Moi.'iJtans, 
 al'lenefs of Wi at 
 (xtremity of CoU 
 tpidemical Difcj 
 the bell Cities in 
 iioui'd with the F^ 
 and pattly becai: ft 
 th irSeit in Kelij 
 H:\mf.cl the firft K 
 here. And witha 
 Si.'k and other va 
 is a'lnut tlie laiiu' 
 tute of Walls, tl 
 Gardens, planted 
 picalaiit Shew at 
 
 ■ r.ih'.:i diviJed int( 
 one Branch runs il 
 it, and rt)..-,:ning 
 Imall Stream is f 
 falling troiii the M 
 fmccil to dig Ti 
 whi.h woiifl oth 
 Town The M 
 i-o l'.iccs long i 
 all found It hli' 
 hut the richell Go< 
 
 '.<W. 
 
T E K S I A. 
 
 69 
 
 Bazars or Maiketi, which arc large, aiid lonR 
 Streets vauUed over al 4" or "jo foot hcighth ; there 
 arc divers Bazars which take up the middle part of 
 ihc Citi, and the HoiiCes the outer part of it. Tlie 
 iiunilxT of the Iiihabitaiuiiarc rcckciied to be 500000, 
 nay lomc afl'irm thev arc double that number. It is 
 rciidrcd tlic more I'upulous, by the great refort of 
 Strangers fiom all th( P.irts ol Th)/;;, MhJchv), the 
 B.V:.<^-S('i, 'i'f.i ti:>_y and hidin, for Trade, whence it 
 conies to pafs, that the Bazars xxc always cxtreamly 
 well furnilhed with all forts of Foreign, as well as 
 Home Comtuodities ; and bccaule of this great Con- 
 courie of Strangers, there are joo Caravanfera's or 
 Inns, lonie whereof are capable of receiving ^oo 
 1 oJpcrs. And yet notwithitanding this great con- 
 llux of Peoi'le, Provilioiis are fo plenty as to be ex 
 cccdinR cheap, for Bread colls not above a third par. 
 of a I'cnny, and Flclh but a Penny Half-peiiry 
 the Pound, sad ilic City abounds fo well with i\\ 
 forts of Nccllaries fi;r 1 ifc, that one lives here f. ys 
 iic, :.ijc\ ii'lic'u't.jiiiieni. Near the City are large 
 Quarries of white Marble, one f rt whereof is tran- 
 Ipaieii'. And not t.it froiri them are two Mines, 
 one of Salt, and the other of Gold, but this laft is 
 iscjhaulled and hardly now will yield the charge of 
 digcing. Hero are alfo fcveral Mineral Waters, 
 luollly Suli'liureous and (ome of them hot. My 
 Author's (S\r 'iolmChtiiilin) difquilitions concerning 
 the Origine and Fate of this City ahho' curious c- 
 nough, are too large to have Place here, it muft be 
 futiicicnt to Kiy, that the /'j'/mm Hiitoriaiis unani- 
 nioiill. agree, that the time of us Foundation was 
 the i6',th. Year cf the Hcgir/:, i.e. j-l. D. 787. 
 In (hi: Wars between the Tiirk.t and ?erjif.ns,\t was of- 
 ten taken and regained. The '1'urk.ilh Sultans Stiinus I. 
 andSi/ym/jMiheMagnihcent took itin the Years 1514. 
 and I vjo. and again in 1530. the Tuil^s took and 
 licked It, and throwing down the Walls, built a 
 Citadel to curb it. At length iP. 'he Reign of Ski 
 Avi-.i, .ini:;i 1614. It was filially recovered and has 
 ever liiite been fubjed to the I'eifi.w 
 
 .■irdthil (,r W'J'.'i.'/, and by fome called AtiUml, 
 fiands ,diout 1^. Miles tail from I'l-.uns m the I.at. 
 ^3 D. '1 M. ill a fair and fpacious Plain, environed 
 with Moi.'ijta as, vvhieh occifinn a continual ehange- 
 ai'lenefs oi'SVraihcr, front extremity of Heat to 
 ixtrciiii;> cf Cold, and renders the City fubjeiil to 
 bpideiiiical Oifeafes. It clainieth Dignity among 
 tlieboft Cities in I'nfit, partly bccavifc it was lio- 
 iiour'd with the Rcfuiencc of fevcral of their Kings, 
 and partly becaufe Schcich Sn(i /ti:h\ the Author of 
 th irSeit in Keligion lived and died here, and Sophy 
 Hi'imncl the fnft King of the prcfent Race lies buried 
 here. And withal it is a Place of great Trade, for 
 biik and other valuable Commodities. This City 
 isa'iout the fame bipiufs as Scjui.icite, and delli- 
 tute of Walls, the i-loiifes arc all funiifhed with 
 tiatdcns, planted with Fruit-trees, which make a 
 picalant Shew .it a diltance ; The fmall River B<i- 
 ■ ;i".i diviied into two Branches waters the Town, 
 one Braiivh riiiis thro' it, and the other cncompaifcs 
 it, and rejoining fal^s into the River \iii.>/h; this 
 Imall Streant is f > eiiciafed by tlic melted Snows, 
 falling Iroiii the Mjuntains in .Summer, that they arc 
 toiCi.\l to dig Trenches to carry oif the Water, 
 wh;,h woiill otherwilt; do iniieli damage in the 
 T(iwn The Mci.Idi or grand Mavket-place, is 
 j^o I'.ices long and no broad, having Shops 
 all round ic hlld with valuable Commodities ; 
 hut thcrichcll{;<M.!<, fuch as Jewels, Gold and Sil- 
 
 ver, Silks, Ce. ha^e another Market-lioufe or Ex- 
 change, which IS a fquare Building arched over, and 
 opening at three Gates into three long Streets ol well 
 furnilhed Shops, and Caravanlera's for Strangers, 
 whereof a great number are always feen here. The 
 ScpuKhre o*' SiLUli^ Sotli, is no fmall Addition 
 to the City, being viliced with great Devotion by 
 Pilgrims, the ScruCkures over it and adjoining to it, 
 which have been at divers times built by I'eijl/'.n 
 Kings coirpofe a kind of CafHi and conlilts of fair 
 Courts, Cloillcr-Walks, large Unoins and arched 
 Vaults, all which are exceeding richly adorned with 
 Coid, Silver, Tapiltry, Marble-Pa\eiiicnr3, C. 
 cipccial!> the Tm;.Li it felfaiid the Chapels leading 
 to it, where are feen Gates plated with Gold, Rail* 
 of mafPy GoKl and Silver, He. the particulars are 
 worth Readily in Uiciiim. But what is molt 
 tomnicndable, is the Kitchin of SV//", which he him- 
 lelt endowed w.th 50 Crowns pi-r ,11cm, to provide 
 FooJ for the Poor, which hmluwmeiit has been fo 
 encreafed by fevcral Kings, that now at Icalt 
 IOC ' Perfonsare fed three tunes a Day out of it, di- 
 vers of the Royal F.imily alio lie Interred here. 
 Thus much fur ./'(i.'/i', which wc have chofcn to 
 take out of the Amballadours Travels, whofe judi- 
 cious Secretary Oiemiw, tells US what he faw in the 
 Year 1637- 
 
 Siihf.iii.i, a City built on the Ruins of Tigmnocertn 
 by King .^nhm^t Choaitbeuiie, who named it fo from 
 the Royal Title S;i//.iH,andinadc hisRclidencc in it f 
 is featcd in a very fpacious Plain, which has a high 
 Mountain en two fides in I.at. 36 D. jc M. lix days 
 Journey from Taiiris. There arc many Magnificent 
 remains of the old City, fome whereof are at half a 
 Leagues diftancc from the prefcnt Town, and ftiew 
 how much larger that was than this, (Olenrius. ) It 
 feeins afar otT a very neat well built Place, but does 
 not appear fo when you are within it, yet fome of 
 the Publick Buildings are remarkable for Strudure 
 and Magnificence. The City contains about 3000 
 Houfes, and was for feveral Reigns honoured with 
 the Kings Prefen:e. The Peiji.ui Hilforics mention 
 the old City, as the largell of the Kingdom, but 
 the 'l'iiil;_s and l.trtars, elpecially I'nmnl.iiii, in a 
 manner totally deftroi ed it. (Ci:v.iln ) 
 
 There are fevcral other Cities, and a great 
 number of very good Villages in this Province, but 
 not equal to thole mentioned, not conliderable c- 
 nough to need Defcription. 
 
 the Province of f^ Tl. A iV or GIL AN with 
 MA::^^Si)EH^A>i otherwife called TABA- 
 l{ISTA N, is that large Trad of Ijnd between the 
 Ciffinn-Scd on the North, and a continued Chain of 
 Mountains in form cf a Crelceiu, which divide it 
 from I'aitl'iii or i'.r.t,\ on the South ; the Weftern 
 part is iiiUn ; and the Eartern Mtt:{ii«dnan. The 
 neighbourhood of the Ca/pinti-Sej, renders the Earth 
 Swampy and even Marlhy in many Parts, which 
 breeds innumerable fwariiis of Serpents and. Jnfedb, 
 which together with the noifome Vapours, render 
 the Air frequently unwholefomc : But die Soil it 
 Fertile, and this Province is famous for the good 
 Silk it produces ; and fome Parts of it arc lo plea- 
 fant, that the Country about Fer/iii:i is called the 
 Ciardeii of the Kingdom, fays Oleatim. Sir Thcimnt 
 Ihrbtit fays, the Country is generally of good Soil 
 and Climate, abounding in Corn, Graft, Fruit, 
 Floweis and Wood ; and in Husbandry, Building, 
 and Civility, more refembling two^f than any othet 
 part of .-.;//« i the Soil is improved by tnatiy Rtvulett, 
 
 ■wh^ch 
 
 
 I'l , 
 
 >-M\ 
 
 \n 
 
 >,ilfv 
 
 '\PH 
 
 ' l^ 
 
 iiii 
 
 ^•'i" 
 
 i 
 
10 
 
 T E K S I J, 
 
 
 \ 
 
 i ii 
 
 I * 
 
 which fpring from the Mountains, and run thrw" the 
 Ccointry into the C^ffir.n-Sca. This is the ancient 
 Jiyrcinin, whence 'he Sei which we call Ciffinn, (a 
 naipe taken from tlie Cn/pii, ati ancient Nation 
 which inhabited thefc Parts ) is alio called Hyrcani/in 
 in Latin Aifchors. How the two parts arc divided, 
 I dare not rr;tcnd to dcterinina ; for they are dc- 
 fcribcd conjuni'^ly by moft Travellers, and fo we 
 fhall not meddje with the hmits of either. The 
 chief Ci' Is are, 
 
 Gilan, which gives name to that Province, ftands 
 on the River Al^tirni in the 38 D. of Latitude, 250 
 Mijes paft fiom Tau it. 
 
 Mt^amhr.n, which alfo gives name to that Pro- 
 vince, ftands more to the Sca-Coalt, loo Miles 
 North-eaft from GiUti. 
 
 Eikeriff, Gfirif, or j-lfhtiroff, feated near the Sea- 
 Ct)aft, is a goodly City of 1000 Houfes, famous ui 
 its time for the Rcfidencc of the King Sha-Abitr, who 
 built there a fumptuous Palace. A/haroff, fays 
 SitThmmi Hobfrt, who was there in \6i6. is feated 
 within tWo Miles of the Cajpitn-Sca, in a low 
 Ground furroimdcd with many Salt Marlhes, and 
 but meanly watcr'd by only one Spring from the 
 Mountains : The Baaar is but ordinary, and the Pa- 
 lace which was then newly built, is not large nor 
 very regular, but exceeding funiptuoiis in Decora- 
 tions and Furniture. 
 
 FerebtiKt or Pernhbat, fea'?d alfo near the Cifpian- 
 i>(f, it about five Miles diihnce from its Shoar, is a 
 City of 3000 Families, wherein the King Shit'Abas 
 had alio a Palace, adorn'd with noble Furniture and 
 Paintings, and efpccially a delightful ('<arden. 7 ho 
 Situation of the City is flat, the Soil rich, and full 
 of Gardens. A frcfh Water River of 40 Paces 
 Viroad, \yhich rifes in the Mountains, palfes by the 
 Town, and fells into the CaJpitn-S-a : hiftead of 
 Walls, the Town is furroimdcd with Moats, The 
 Houfc in this Place arc bevel Roofed as ours, not 
 flat and terras^d as ufual in Pcy;>. Here are two 
 Bazars, but they are but oidinary, a;id the chief 
 Ornament of the Town is the King's Palace. 
 {Hcbert.) 
 
 Cbocopom, II Miks diftant from Vcrab*t feated 
 near the Sea-fidr, is remarkable for a River whofe 
 Water is eleven Months hclh, ?nd the twelfth Salt. 
 {Htrbert.y 
 
 Omctit or Amouf, feated within Land near the 
 Mountains, is a large Tnwn of 3000 Houfes, in- 
 habited by fuch variety of Strangers, that ali the 
 Days of the Week except il'e.infd.iy, is by one Sci^ 
 or other kept Sabbath. The Town ftands on a large 
 Level in a plcalant and friiitfttl Soil, and is guarded 
 with a fair ftrong Caftic moated round. In the 
 chief Mofque arc buried as they fav 444 Princes 
 and Prophets, which creates in the People a great 
 veneration to it. ( I hi ben.) 
 
 Tnb/trijtun, mcntion'd by Dr. Fn/tr as a conlidrra- 
 ble City for the weaving and felling Silks and Vel- 
 vets ftands hcrcabours, and by fomc Maps i: is 
 marked as only another name of Onw.tl, wh;ch we 
 are willing to acquicfce in, liecaufe Sir T.Hc L^-t 
 who travcll'd this way, would n ;t have omitted men- 
 tioning lo notable a Place, as Dr. /•/ > fpcaks that 
 tpbe. 
 
 The Ridge of Mountains which lie on ihc South, 
 and divide ntit Province f 0111 /'.:•</ ii, is a braivh of 
 Mount TnHiu/, which runs on taftw.iid, atn: North- 
 ward to Tarta y. The Paifage thro v in the Koad 
 from ifpnhim is fo naiicw, that a ceitain Kobbct in 
 
 Shd-^lm$'i lime, with his Tioop kept Poffcirio.n 0! 
 it a long time, in fpightof the I'orcr the King fuif 
 agjinft him. 
 
 i;/<./*CK, rER^AC,ot HJE!{^AC-AGF.MI\ 
 it Tavtmier writes it, ot B'tfkri'K"" an Oh/iri'm 
 [ Ih : word Wgrm ligniiies Prr/,"/i«, and fcitestodi. 
 ftinguilh this Province from the other Tcracti^ or Ch/. 
 <^j<i;] th« ancient P ARjriUA, is reckoned the 
 middle, and may be called the Royal Provinrc o< 
 Ptrjiti, in regard the King always relides in ir. It 
 is a Country of moft fcrtne and healthy Air, but not 
 of extraordinary fertile Soil, Surrounded «uh 
 Mountains, and much (haded with Woods, wli.cli 
 defends from the Heats 'twould be otherwifu I'uh- 
 jeift to ; for the Soil is in great part a rowling ,Saml. 
 There is however fonie good Lind, which prodii;f( 
 the necelfaries for I ife, but Ijplif.hnn is beholdtii to 
 other Provinces (or moft of its Provifions. 1 he chid 
 Citicii here are, 
 
 Caibtn or Cnfxin, rifen out of the Ruins of the 
 ancient Ai/atia, mentioned by Ptolrmi, feared in a 
 large fardy Plain in the 36 D. i^M. I at. Ins a 
 large City of lix Miles Circumference and iioc^ 
 Houfea, wherein ars judged to inhabit 1 00003 
 Souls;and was for fome time hdnout'd with theK' gs 
 Prei«nce, but SU-Ab/ti as we have faid, reir.ijvcd 
 the Court to IJp.ihr.n. 1 he Palace, which was built 
 either by Ifmael or Tttiini, has a very pood Ganfiii 
 behind it, and another Cippo(ite before it of half a 
 L(ag«ic in cirruir, the moft delightful that can lie, 
 being adorn'd with fpacious Walks, Ihadid with 
 Cyprefs and other Trees, and cxtreamly furr.ilhcd 
 with variety of Fruit-trees. There arc in this City 
 two M-iJr.ns or large Ma-kpt-places, well furnilhid 
 with Shops and Ware b jufes of Merchandize ■ The 
 Houlcsareof Briik, deltitiite of Ornaments with- 
 wit lid'c, but well fitted and furnilhed within. They 
 fcave no Water but wuat is brought in Pipes from 
 Mount F.lwend oT Aloiivm:, as Oj/ii.yj;; writes it, half 
 a League difhinr. That ]V<ountaiii runs Wcftwanl 
 as tar as Bagdat, and abound: with excellent Marble. 
 In C/iibin they have Vau,lts unt'crtheir Houfes, where 
 they keep Ice and Snow, and (ind convcoicrt Re- 
 tirement in the Hfcats of Sun met ; as ihe Soil is 
 faody, you may believe 'tis'.roublefome walkinpiii 
 the Streets, when you arc told rhey are rot pased, 
 thus far Oc/iriM/. ThisCity has former. y been wal 
 led, but at prefent lies (jper , the Walls being riiin'J. 
 A finajl' iiranch of the Rivet Baioiithe runs near the 
 Town, but they dare not let in the whole Strcjni 
 for fear of overflowings. This City is confidcraWc 
 on account of the King's Palace, and many Noble- 
 mens Honfes in it, fi.r as the Court comes hither 
 fometimcs, the great Men frvim father to Son keep up 
 their Ht) .fcs. M~idnn-Chn, i. e. Place Royal or //r^^s- 
 (iome, where ihey cxcrciff Horfcnianlhip aird run 
 Races, is 700 Haces long and 150 broad. The Ca- 
 ravanfeia's or publick Inns, aicfome of them very 
 well built, among which the Royal one has i^u 
 Chambers in it. The Royal Mofque is reckoned one 
 of th faired and largcft of ali PcjU. This City is 
 not (o well furnilhed witiiGar.lcns as othcr.s becaule 
 of rhe fandy Sod and w,(nt of Water; lalHv, the 
 City is govern'd b .•• Onot^a tlioftn annually, whole 
 p.ace is worth tohi'n 6go Tcnwi,:. Sir ic.nthr.tdii.) 
 Srtw/: or .'^ai',1, f.'arcd South Eaft; from Cas'.i)' in a 
 fertile Plain, it) the ii.idway bc.twcrn that Ciiy and 
 Kp'", is two Miles in Circiindi?rcncc, but foilmily 
 inhabited, that except in the Urart of the Town. 
 It runs ro Ruin for want of Pcorlc. The chief TraJc 
 
 L 
 
T E R S 1 J. 
 
 It 
 
 of the Htf e is in little grey Lamb-»kins, with which 
 the /"«•/(<•«' line their Garments. (Tttvernier, C/mi- 
 iiin.) Not far from S«n>4, are fern the Kuiiis of n 
 once famous City namci! I\_^, of which the I'erfian 
 Hiftofict ( fays Clmrdin ) fpeak at the largcf) next 
 8.1/7'"", of all Adn, and gives fuch monttrous Ac- 
 i-ouiuiof it that 'tis incredible. By the AccoiiDt that 
 Author fets down, itcontain'd above looocoo of 
 Hoiifts, lielidcs I ^000 Mofqi>eii, 6400 College, 
 i66uo Baths, iic In the Wars between two SetJls 
 nf trnk', wc of which called in the Ttiniiit, that 
 City was dcrtroycU before the 600th. Year of the 
 Hixyra. 
 
 t^:m or Crnt, a large and populoas City, it felted 
 in a Plain by a River lide, in liic 34 O. ?ci Min. I at. 
 It is fiirrcunJed with a Moat and Wall, flanked 
 Willi Towfrs, but they are half ruined; and con- 
 tain accofdiiig to the report oi the Inhabitants i;ooo 
 Hoores, fays Clitid:'. Here arc fine ]ari>e Hazars, 
 but ihe Coniuirrce of the Place is not vtryconfidc- 
 rable; it coiilifts in Fruit drird and raw ( elf ecially 
 Pomgranates,) Soap, Swonl-bUJev, and PD'tei'ii. 
 ware • of all ivhuh thci have the I eit in tlw; King- 
 dom, their Pots an: grcjtly tlt'env-d tor a quality tt 
 tcsling Water in Summer to admiration, AJonp 
 the River fide, there is a fa r Key tlic whole hnjth 
 of the Ciiy, and at the talt <:\:d a Bridge, beyond 
 which on the o;her fideihe Hi tr lies aMibie f.ardcn, 
 (0 which the Inhabitants rclort for Pleafuic, and n- 
 detd quite round the City lie fair and pleafin: Gar- 
 dens. The Houfe^ in Kr*" have very deep Ce.lars, 
 ind therein Wells of frefli Water, which in the 
 Summer time is as end as Ire, a great Rctrclhmcnt 
 licie where the Siimmeris excelfHc hot .' Here arc ;i 
 greit many fair Ciravanfcra's and fever.ii nnc 
 Mofques, but the moft remarkable is that wherein 
 the Princefs F/irima Mithrmei'% Daughter, and two 
 King' lie Imerr'd ; the Sinidlure of this iMoKine is 
 Beautiful, and its Ornamcnis moll Si'mptucius, the 
 sccefj to it, isthro' four large ft.itelyCniirts, the lirll 
 whereof is a hne Garden, and the laft is paved with 
 tiatifparent Marble, and furroundcd with rrat and 
 beanriful Lodgings for the Vriefls ; the Doors to the 
 Uf.uftiltitm are plated with Siber, and the Tomb is 
 enclofcd in a malfy Cirate of the fame MettaJ. On 
 nth fide of it lie Iiitcrr'd the two Kings, /tLm II. 
 inJ Stfl.i I. at whofe Tombs the I'ricAs arc conti- 
 nually employcii in reading the A'chorr.n, nothing 
 nn be imagined richer, neater, and more magni- 
 ficent than this Mofque, which by the Perfi/ins is 
 cilleJ Mcjjiim/t or pure, and in much Veneration. 
 There is a Revenue of 3100 Tematit belongs to 
 this Place, that is to fay 1500 to the lom'o of 
 Ahi, 1000 to that of Srphi, and 700 for that of 
 fttimn. There are many other fair and finnptuoiis 
 Buildings in Ks'i, and bating the heat in Summer, 
 it is a plcafint Place to live in, and well fu'-plied 
 wiihProvifionsof all forts, and excellent Fruits, and 
 wiihal the People are very tradlable and civil, f Sir 
 '}ikn Chartlii.. ) 
 
 ttumadan, one of the richeft and moft confiJera- 
 bie Cities of Pcrfiii^ ( fays Juvemie',) Itands at the 
 fcotof a Mount, where rife a great many Springs 
 which Water the Country, and make it fo abound 
 with Corn, as to be able to furnilh the neighb"nring 
 Parts, itaboundsalfo with Cattle, Butter, Chet-lV, 
 Hides and Tobacco. It is a Srape of Caiavans 
 joing to Mecca, for it lies on the Road to If.i^'int a- 
 tBut 100 Miln South Eaft fimn Kfi- 
 
 Cdh/in ac Kjihtn, a populoiis and vrtalthy City, 
 ftands in a plain near a high Mountain , about 
 
 70 Miles North from IfpitLti., 1 at. a L>. 51 Miji. 
 Tlic Ciiy ajid Subilrbs ( fays Ci'^iJ/w ) contains6;oc 
 Houles, ai the Inhibitants repot', 40 Molques, 
 9 Colleges, and about ioo Serukhres of ilie L>c- 
 fcendims of Hah. 'I'hc Huufts a't 1-v.ilr if t.atili 
 and Brick, but not very h.mrlli^ic : butths Bazars 
 are well built and in good repair. 1 he Tin!? of the 
 'lown conlifts in a Manutadory of Silks and lil- 
 fues. Velvets and Satrins whereof there is no City 
 in I'nju makes fo niii h. There is iiu River at 
 C«fha>:, but iliey are fupplicd with W.itcr I y Svl- 
 tfnane!:n Canals and deep Wclh. I he City is en- 
 rompallcd wiih a double Wall fi.nkd with round 
 Towers, and hath (ive (rites. Fruit is lo plenty 
 here, that they lervc Vp.ii:,:i\ rlpcciil vvitli Me- 
 lons, they have alio plenty < f Corn, but Cattle 
 and wild FoivJ are morcffarcc. ( iS'i'urd-.ii.) 'Tri 
 a iarpe City well Peopled, and furniil.ed with 
 all thinps ncccflary for Life, v.licrcin and near 
 it icoo Faniili.s of 'jcmt inhabit, who boall 
 thcmlelvcs to be of the Tribe of Judnb. Ihc 
 Country hereabouts nbcunds with Scoipiont, info- 
 m, ch ili.1t :he ^rmfion of tr/han is become Prover- 
 bial ;n i'f/i.:, ( Cmcn.ier.) IiH^kh is but little lefi 
 in i-oiiiplfs than ^);«, being thice Miles in length, 
 aiul il'c Bu Iwiings not fo much n.incd as there. The 
 Bazars are light aivl well contriv'd, the Streets are 
 very good, and the Caravanfera's large and well 
 built. The King ha» :i Pa^Ace and fine Gardens near 
 •his City. ( ti,»«.-//i. ) 
 
 ' '.- J' W H A iV or S/i/iif/.vjniv ftands in the Place of 
 the ancient Ihc.itompy.is, locallou fmni its Hundred 
 Gates, whence its vaft Mapniiudc may be cnnjc- 
 (itured, and as that was the Ripal Scat of the i'4. - 
 thian N'onarchs, f' is this atpte'.ent of the i'i,fiar_ 
 and therefore elteem'd the Capital of the Kingdom. 
 It is fcated in the 51 D. 40 Mm. of Lat. and in the 
 
 71 D. of 1 ongit. in a plain fruitful Soil, watered 
 with Streams deduced from the River ir.ntica'. The 
 old City had beenlo totally dcftioycd, thatthercon- 
 Ijr remained two fmall Villages, when the latter 
 Race of the Pcr/i<tn Kings, extending their Dominion 
 Eaftward and Southward, caufed the rrcreafe of 
 th'.fe two Villages, into a gordly Tdwn c.illetl at 
 firit Sip.ihuii. Siiv.l] Abf.s takiii(? notice cf its advan- 
 tagious Situation, removed the Royal .Sea: to it, 
 which before had been held at i'./'/.r.'/.i and Ctiliin, 
 by which it grew up wii'.i f^re.at fpecd into a large 
 and populous City, of 1 1 Miles Circumference, 
 bolides ^ii(m and the other Suburbs, which extend 
 it to 30 Miles (xtrnr. (Gitnc'li-) The City is 
 encnmpafled with a Mud-Wall, wb.ercin arc ten 
 Gates, and a thai low Ditch planted with Trees. 
 The Street.'* are n.urow, crooked, and dark, becaufe 
 penerally cover'd over, and the Ground always 
 dirry or dulfv, bein^ not paved; the Houfes are 
 built of Siin-biiri'.t tttukand M"d intermtx'd, grow- 
 ing narrower in lieighih and Terrad'cd at top, they 
 do not exceed two Stories in l.eighth fays one, rile 
 to four .Sfofies fays another, and have generally two 
 arched Rooms a.lnrn'd wi-.li Painting'. The whole- 
 fomiK'fs of the Air, and the Pre fence of the Court, 
 tempt iheGcntry to live there, which creates a very 
 P'ear Trade, and renlcrs the I'lace vety populou.s. 
 The P.-rf-niij ca\i it half the World, for the Jiver- 
 fity of Tongues fpoken there, and bec.iufe cf it» 
 wealthy Baz.irs and multitude of Shops of all forts 
 of Commodities. The moft remarkable Places arc, 
 
 the 
 
 
 JfH 
 
 'II 
 
 
 m 
 
 i 
 
 !■! '-M 
 
 i! :' 
 
 1 1 
 
I 
 
 m 
 
 9 E K S I A. 
 
 \ 
 
 n 
 
 \f 
 
 I t 
 
 i\\c Siinrbacky the King's Palace, the King's Cardeii 
 .i^.ti-^eiib, ilic MeinKi, and the Mofii»eot the tive 
 (Jatcs. lUe^iiii-b^ck^ i. r. four (hardens, locallcd 
 liom lour ("lanUiis of tiic Kin;^'; which furround ir, 
 i* a noble Street of two Miles, ioni; and a hundred 
 I'aoe^ broad, f.iys iVr !■»«(/ , vi ho continues it on to 
 jl^nt-geiib, and lo is in the right ; altho CjHvt//, 
 'viio terminates it at tlic River, fays 'tis one Mile 
 lonij, and a Mufijuct-Shot broad ; a Chanal of Wa- 
 ter luakin); four great Iquare Pools lie in the middle, 
 and on each lidc are planted double rows of Trees, 
 uherc is a common Road fiir Hurfc and Carriage, 
 ami a foot Caufey raifed 4 foot above that Road. 
 This Strict terminates according to Ginnlli's Ac- 
 < ounr, at ihe River S'^iulcm, whuh runs crofs it at 
 the Miles end ; over which River there lies a noWe 
 ^tone Bnilgc of 3? Arches, whereof liex'moi gives 
 us this D.lcninion, it i< joo Paces long and lo broaJ, 
 on each lidc inllead (if the Parapet, there are co- 
 \ ered (allerics with Windows to the Water for Foot 
 Pillage, and o\er each a (iiir Platform with .calic 
 Steps lip 10 them, whereby >i)u may walk either in 
 Shade or S'ln, fiee from annoyance of Horfe or 
 Carriage, win, h are confined to the middle Padiige. 
 Beyond this liridcc, the Srrcet continues for at Icaft 
 a Mile Ktwceii Ple.ifi-rc-Honfes and Gardens, and 
 at th.' end lie the Kings Pleafure-Hor.fes, and the 
 great Garden called A^.trt',!'ii, which js three Miles 
 long and one hr'iad : The Front is adorn'd with 
 double rows of Balconies on the Street lide, and ex- 
 cellent Paintings on the Garden lide ; at the four 
 Anglis are four fine Towers, which overlor.k the 
 <i.ir.'en, and thew delightful Cafcades, plenty of 
 Iruit-titcs, Flowers, ihady Walks, Filh-ponds, 
 Siiirniei-liorfes, and every thing that makes a Gar- 
 den pleafant. And beyond this lies a Park ftock'd with 
 wild BluIIs, among which ate Lions and Tygers. 
 lo return into the Ciiy, the MeiiUn or great Square 
 IS the belt Structure in lip.iian, 'twas built by Schah- 
 .il'iis, and is a quarter uf a Mile long, and half fo 
 nnich broad, fuirounded with very good Houfes, 
 which have rows of Shops, under handfome Arches 
 before them ; but the upper Windows are fair, and 
 have full view over the Shops into the Square, to 
 fee the Uivertifemcnts there frequently exercifed by 
 the King and Nobility. The Meidnn is planted all 
 round with Tr.-es, and has alfa a pretty Canal ear- 
 ned round it in a Stone-trough. The King's Palace 
 is cntrcd from the MeiiUn, it confifts of divers fquare 
 Courts, furrounded with fair Buildings, wherein 
 are large Halls and Chambers mod richly furnilhed, 
 and fumptuoully adorned with Paintings, Gildings, 
 C.. In the limits of the Palace (befides the King's 
 Molque which is very fine, and another lefs one in 
 the fame Court, which may be called his Family 
 Chapel, fo which belongs a Fountain and large 
 RUbn 10 wall) in as they go to their Devotion; ) 
 flandsthc great Mofque called that of the five Gates, 
 it IS reckoned the HncH in PajU having its Wall^fac'd 
 with Marble live Fathom high, above »vhich they are 
 painted.asi is the noble Cupola which the Roof rifes in- 
 to, and richly (.'tided ; this Mofque was founded by 
 S^'mh /tt:u, and Hnillied by Schnh Sefi. The Palace is 
 a S.^nduary, and which is ftrangcthc firft Court isa- 
 Iviiid ot Market, lor there are many Shops in it. 
 ( ',.)/!<■//, and Torvenat. , l!p.ih/in is fcatcd in a very 
 fiir Plain, (faith Oi-A^ius) furrounded with very 
 high Mountains at about four Leagues dillance, in 
 Lat. ^2 D. 26 M. The Mountain D:»nowfW lies 
 to the South and South-wcA, and the Mountain Jei- 
 
 Uk:Perjan to the North ; the wholii extent of t!if 
 City and Suburbs is about eight Gennr.u Leagues, 
 the City IS walled round and has n Gates, whcreol 
 nine only are open, and it contains about ifiooo 
 Houfes, and ttleaft 500000 Inhabitants ; the Rivet 
 Sendeiu arifes in Mount Demnxvciid, and before a 
 rcachci the City divides into two Channels, om 
 whereof ialls into the Park, and the other is coi. 
 veyed by Subterranean Pallages thro' the Roial 
 Garden, and both together luns by the South'aii;; 
 South-wclf fides of the City, and by Pipes the VVa 
 ter of it is convey'd into the Houfes, which are alio 
 pretty well lupplied by fralh Water Springs. The 
 City abounds with Gardens, which the I'afiars jk 
 cxpcniivc in, and adorn them with fine Ihadcd 
 W alks, plenty of Fruit-trees and large .tountains, 
 together with delightful Sumincr-Houfes conveniently 
 placed iot taking the Air. The Bazar or MiUjh 1, 
 700 Foot t inv^nier la) s common Faces) long anil 
 250 broad, the Houfes round it are all uf Brick, aiU 
 of equal heighih, the Shops vaulted. Before tht 
 Court ftand ico Pieces of Canon which were 
 brought tiomO/>Hij/, G/««//<' calls them firall Picc«, 
 but Oiemlus fays, they carry j6 to j8 Pound-Rail ; 
 and on the back fide of the Palace, Hands a Citadel 
 called TuberickrKftie, which is Fortvtied with a Ram- 
 part and feveral BaDions of Earth. The King's Sta- 
 bles arc always tilled with the beft Horfcs, 1500 in 
 number for the Service of himfelf and Family ; fome 
 whereof as G'tmc'/fiteils us, are fed in Golden Mangers, 
 are (hod with Silver: Two Horfes arc continually kept 
 ready Saddled for the King's ufe, in cafe of a fuddcii 
 Exigence. Near the Stables ftands the VMir Ksl-'»>>:i 
 or AioM<ii-/ii/e,whichisa Pillar 80 Spans high and 40 in 
 Compafs,built of the Horns fays Olcariuifli theSkulls 
 fays (>'iW//i,of the Beafls killed in oneDay'shunting by 
 Sclmh-Tam.'is. For Trade Ijpahnn may be reckoned to 
 equal, if not exceed any City in Perfii, being rcforted 
 to by divers Nations, 1 looo Indians inhabit hereto 
 fell the rich Commodities of their Country,anJ 'tmk), 
 Ji'^'y Titiun, ijrc. as alfo En^li/h, Duicn, Fiinch 
 and Itaiinns arc fccn here, with the Commodities oi' 
 their refpeflivc Countries. For Provifions, this Ciiy 
 is fupplicd wi.il Sheep and Lambs from the Province 
 of t^cnnan, with Rice from Kji"", with Wood and 
 Charcoal from Ma:(itndtran, and with Wheat and 
 Barley from Scljiiwaii. Thus have we given you an 
 ample Account of Iff /than, and that too not by tran- 
 fcribing old CoUeilors, but from the Mouths of no 
 lefs than four Travellers, who are all acknowledg'd to 
 be Men of Credit and Judgment, we Ihall now pro- 
 ceed from the fame Authors tofpcak of theSuburbi. 
 ^uipha or T^"!/-!, aiiho" reckoned a Suburb may 
 be call'd another very good City, for it contains no 
 lefs than 3000 Houfes, which may vie with the belt 
 in IJ'p.ihan ; it is wholly inhabited by /(. menUm, 
 who were tranfplanted thither by Scb/:l:-Ahs, and 
 endowed with very great Privileges. Altho' the 
 Town be fij large, its yearly Tribute is but 100 T»- 
 mniis. (Oleariui) ^uj.t or Ginlf'a (fays Cimtlli,] 
 lies beyond the River Sandtru, two Miles and half 
 from IJpahati, the interjacent Ground being filled up 
 , with Gardens and Pleafurc- Houfes ; it is nine Miles 
 ; round, and is inhabited by ArmmUni only, tvho 
 fettled there in the Reign of Schnh'Ahm, and by 
 reafon of the profitable Trade they manage, ciijo)' 
 , great Privileges, for they have peculiar Judges ot 
 their own Nation to decide Civil Caiifes, and in 
 Eccleliailical Government have an Archbilhop, aiiJ 
 four Suffragan Bilhopsj but in Criminal Caufes, they 
 
 I M 
 
 fe 
 
T B R S I A. 
 
 are lubjedt to the Pirjinti Judges. They arc the richcft 
 Mni in I'ciji.i, and are the chief Mcrthant.s in all 
 valuable Commodities, cfpecially Silk, and their 
 Women arc very beaiitit'ul, Faftly, the Streets of 
 X^uijf. arc larger and ncattr than thofc at IJpalhin, ha- 
 Miig Canals in the middle, and rows oi Tfeeson 
 taih lide The other Suburbs adjoining lo Ifpitlmn arc, 
 
 'rrhijnbnih, which was originally the Habitation 
 of a Colony brought ficni i<ti){//d;, by Slm-Alai. 
 
 lli^tf'uLiiii; whii.li IS inhabited b) GciirgianChii- 
 jliani, who are Wealthv Merchants. 
 
 I^ctkriath, or tl-.e Town of t)jc Kslhen or Gue- 
 lici, who as wc have faid, arc the ancient Piy- 
 jhu Race that worlhip Fire. They are Infidels 
 lays Oleariia, and having nijthing fcfir.ii but the 
 langiiaRC. 
 
 liic Fields about iZ/ij/'/i" are low, and therefore 
 «lily owitiowed in die Summer, and refrcnicd in 
 the exctilive Htat during "jiinc and Ji///. The Air 
 u very fircne and healthy, the Heat and Cold of 
 almoft equal duration, and in the depth of Winter 
 (he Frolt makes not an Ice of above half an Inch 
 thick. There arc (fay's O'.atius) 1460 Villages 
 ;ound about Ifpf.b.w, the Inhabitants whereof live 
 cbictiy u()on the manufaduring Silk and WooJl. 
 
 Ttjil, a large but ruinous Town i^o Miles didanc 
 from Ijp.ilinn to the Eaft, Hands in a faiidy Plain not 
 far from the Mountains, and is notable on account 
 d the Colleges in it for Learning, and for a fort of 
 pood Wine which grows in us Neighbourhood ; 
 the Place is not very populous, but the Women are 
 very beautiful, and the Hmployinent of the Inha- 
 bitants is Silk-weaving. 
 
 On the South oilir rtk,\ic thetwoProvinccsof Cf/t'- 
 JISTW.V, which was the ancient Sujinna, and VAI{SIS- 
 T.<.\,ivhich is the ancient fcijii. The limits of both 
 on iheSouth being the Sea called the I'ofiiinUulfh. 
 
 Altho' the extent of thelo two Countries be large, 
 even no Icl.s than 400 Miles from Eaft to Welt, yet 
 the heat of the Air and the fandynefs of the Soil, 
 have made them fo little relbried to, that we cannot 
 give the Reader the fame Accounts as we have done 
 of the Provinces wc have palfed through. 
 
 ChWSlSlA\ is bounded on the Weft by C.hal- 
 It* and the River I'uffi-Tii^iii^ on the Eaft with l-4i- 
 fijlaii, on the North with Ajjyria and I'm thin, and on 
 the South with the Gulph of Bajfir^. The chief 
 City, 
 
 Siijler or Schoufler according to Tavenutr, and 
 Tffier by Golius, is the ancient i'"/'i, which was the 
 Winter Seat of the Pofu/i Monarchs, as Ecl'.ur.na 
 was the Summer-Seat. It is a fair and large City 
 fated near the Mountains on the River I'lVnii, or 
 Mtheron -^emtirc which tails into the Inrin'^ at the 
 (l.lhnce of f^o Miles from Ijfahnn to the South- 
 weft, and near 100 from the Pfrlian-'Julph to the 
 North, mentioned in Scripture by the name of Si ti- 
 fr"'!, where M-njuau kept his great Feall, and 
 where he chofe Hejlcr Qiicen. It was fo wealthy a 
 Place, that Alexander found in it 5OCOO Talents of 
 Gold, befides Silver and Jewels of incftimable va- 
 lue. Sir Tl'o- Herbert fajs 'tis now lumed Ki/i/.ic or 
 B.iW^r, and that it was deftroyed in the Year 641. 
 and is now in Ruincs, he Names the River on svhich 
 it ftands Chct/pcj ; but it mull be noted he reports 
 this on hear fay not occular Teftimony. 
 
 F.'ymw, another City anciently fo conliderabic 
 as tu bear the title of oppUum oppiileiitiffmw in Sulp. 
 >>'itrui. ScU, Taifiiinit, and A^r,i, were alfo Places 
 "I Note in former times, but now palfed away. 
 
 73 
 
 Bender-Hjk^, 3t)il Betidti-lij^e!, two fmall Port 
 Towns on the Ciolf, are lometimcs vilited by our 
 Mariners. The former n'ltvcrnicr tells us, is but 
 a forry Town of a few Filhers Huts, made of 
 Hurdles, but is refortcd to in the common Voyige* 
 from Bnljorn to l'crji.1, 
 
 I' A US I S I' A K', the Ancient I'eila, lyes next 
 on the Ealt. The places of chicfcft Note here 
 are, 
 
 Scira), one of the pleafanteft Cities in Per/lit, 
 feated on the N. W. (ide of a fpacious Plain, inclofcd 
 by lofty Hills, near the Banks of a River, which 
 Wfi-ifr/ names A^/c, and the Maps WfiiicMiiV, in the 
 19D. lom. Lar. The City is about 7 Miles in 
 compal's, walled in by VJJ'um Caflhiei, in 1470. 
 TheHoufes are built of Sunburnt Bricks, well pro- 
 vided with Gardens. There are i ^ Mofques, wliicli 
 arc adorned with fine Gildings and high Spires, and 
 a Colledgc, wherein is read Philofophy and the other 
 Sciences, and is famous all over Perfia. The Gar- 
 dens arc large and tieautiful, abounding with Ihady 
 Walks, Oranges, Lemoi's, Pomgranates and other 
 delicious Fruits. The Country about produces ex- 
 cellent Vines, whence the Wine ois.hirai is the 
 belt in Pf)///j, being llrong, dehcious, and very good 
 to the Stomach, (Hol/ert.) Sch::^, is about two hours 
 walk in Circumference, and has no Walls, but a 
 forry Ditch only for it's Defence, fays Thevenot ; The 
 Streets are fomcwhat narrow, except a few fair ones, 
 with Canals in the midtt, of very clear running 
 Water. There are a great many fair covei'd Bazars 
 of Shops well filled with all forts of Indinn and Tur- 
 kip^, as well as Pefiin Commodities ; and many 
 large and well builr i'nrAvanJera's. The Mofques arc 
 lovely ; and in the CollcJgc there are Profcllbrs who 
 have S.ilaries for teaching the Sciences, and fays my 
 Author {Thei'cnot) I was told there were above 500 
 Students in it. The chief pleafure of i'e./c.i/ is the 
 Gardens whereof there arc many '< the King has a 
 very fine one here, wherein arc the largelt and belt 
 lliadcd Walks that can be teen, Fruit-Trecs and 
 Flowers of the liicrt kinds in great plenty, and Wa- 
 ter in Canals, C;ifcades, Bafons and other Fountains 
 very Copious. The People of this Town are witty, 
 and produce the bed Poets in I'crjja, they are skilful 
 in making Glafs, and blow Bottles of very large (ize, 
 even to 30 quarts, wherewith they furnilh the whole 
 Kingdom. Their Wine is ftrong enough to carry 
 two thirds Water, without fpoiling the Taft, it is 
 fent to IJp^ihnn lind to India, in great quantities yearly. 
 They have alfo Capers in plenty, which they pitkle 
 and fend abroad ; and Rofes in abundance, whence 
 they draw fo much Rofe-water, as to ferve all Indii:, 
 In former times Schir,:, was govcrn'd by a Cham, 
 who was the firft in Dignity in I'eijia, and hit Go- 
 veniment reach'd as far as Lrt'-, Bender, and Ormui, 
 and fo Wialvhy was this Cham in the Days of 
 .'i'c/.,i/j-.//vrr, that the King fent to bid him Ipend a 
 Mahmoiidi/'C( Diem kh, that there might be Ibme 
 ditfcrence between thcni. But Shah-Sr/i reduc'd that 
 Grandure by the Death of all the Family, and at 
 prelcnt a Vizier only commands here, and pays the 
 King out of the profits of it loooTomans/rr Annutn. 
 IThrvemt.) The moft valuable things in .■'chi:.i-, are 
 Wine and Women, whofe Beauty isfolranUendent, 
 that it fervcs for a Portion. The Gardens arc not lefs 
 delightful to the F.ye, for their long Rovrs ot Cyprefs 
 Trees, than to the tafte for the variety and excellence 
 of the Fruit. Thus the Mud Houfes being hid by 
 the Trees, it looks at a diltance more like a Wood 
 L of 
 
 
 \'3 
 
 
hi 
 
 74 
 
 •PERSIA. 
 
 ¥ 
 
 f 
 ) 
 
 of I s Milfs Cirrumfetcncc, than a Ciiy whofe In- 
 habif3iirs, rcrkoiul loooo, need not fo laigcafpacc 
 of 1 and tor Habitation The Kitig's (jatdcn is of 
 the bdt in 'iJiira'i, but goes daily to Decay for want 
 of due Reparation, a common fault m I'trjin. 
 
 AhtiUt JO Miles Nonh-Eaft from SJjira'i are fccn 
 the Ruiiu of the Ancient 
 
 Pffrtolit, which in it's time was edccmcd the 
 chief City of the Eall, and excelled all other Ci- 
 ties in Glory and Worldly Felicity, lays Dioilorui ; 
 the Wealth of it IS cvidcnctd in the cicat Plunder 
 Alrx'-ndet's Soldiers made when he had taken it, ajiJ 
 given it up to Oeftrudion in Rrvensc fur the many 
 Cities of Qteace delUoycd by lUni'crJinni ; and by the 
 Treafare he himfcll fcized on, which amounted to 
 1 10 ihoufand Talenis in Silver and Gold. The 
 Citadel, which uas the Kind's Palace, wasaStru- 
 StMTC of fnch fiirfrizing Magnificence and Beauty, 
 that perhaps no Buildinn ever exceeded it. It Hood, 
 on a rocky Hill, and took up 50 Acres of Ground, 
 and was liirroundcd, fays 0(W. i'ni//. with a Triple 
 Wall, tlie firlt whereof was 16 Cubits high, the 
 fecond double that height, and the inner one 60 
 C;u'.iitshij;h, built of the ftionBeit Marble, it was 
 four fquarc, and had on each fide brazen Gates. On 
 the Ead fide ilood a high Mount, wherein were the 
 Sepulchres of the I'efi.in Kings. The Halls apd A- 
 partmcnts of this Palace, were mofufcly large and 
 lofty, the Walls of them embellifhcd with noble 
 Carvings, fome whereof ftill remain to tcftifie its 
 ancient Pomp, and the Cedar roofs Ihoiic with 
 Gold, Silver, Ivory and Amber. The Kings Thtonc 
 w.is of pure Gold, adorned with Pearls ami precious 
 Stones, and the Furniture of the Chambers lo excef- 
 (ive rich, that nothing could exceed it, the Bcdrtead 
 being of pure Gold, befet with Oems and every 
 thing clfc proportionate. But its glory did but pro- 
 cure its Deftruiftljn, for at a great Feart which .llc.\. 
 andcr held in it, T///j» the Atlienian Ciirtcfan propofcd 
 it to the King, then heated with Wine, as a noble 
 Exploit, to burn this fine Palace, which he readily 
 agreed to, and led the way with a Firebrand, which 
 wasfecondedbyT/i(i«, and followed by all the young 
 Grecinns, which foon reduced this pompous Palace 
 to a heap of Ruins, as it has ever fincc continued; 
 Thus fell I'erfrfolii, which had for fevcral Ages been 
 the feat of the PerjUn Monatchs, giving Laws to 
 many Nations, and being long the Terrour of the 
 drccif.ns. The Ruins of it (as very particularly De- 
 fcrilied by Sir Tho. Herbert, who vilited it in the 
 year, 1626. by Thcvetiar, in 1665. and by GimcBi 
 in 1 (-94.) do fully jiiftify the ancient Accounts of it, 
 fcr the little of it that is (landing, ihew what the 
 rcll mud needs havelicen, the lofty Columns declare 
 the hcighth of the fallen Roof. The Stairs whofe 
 ftcps are 30 foot long, Ihew the Apartments it led to, 
 were valtly greater than any thing we fee now adays ; 
 III (hort, the Ucfcriptions given by thefe three Au- 
 thors will give an Idea of the Grandeur and Beauty 
 of this Palace, to which we muft refer our Reader, 
 as not having room to be fo particular. Thefe Ru- 
 ins arc now called by the Peifinns, Tfiheil-^4i)ntr, 
 the River near it, which D/W. calls /Iraxn, is now 
 called Beniinnir, and a large Town which ftaiids 
 about, where the old City flood, is named Mirl^u- 
 I I'mn, (ays Vhevtnot. 
 
 The Dominions of I.AH^ and O mw, are by fomc 
 icfcrreJ to this Province, and by others to Kjmwan, 
 
 They wereanciently feparatc States, bntnow unitf j 
 to the Crown, the firft together with Sn'm/, wli .|c 
 lad L)uke had ^oiiqucr'd Itir, and the latter 111 ii^ij 
 by Shn-Abai. 
 
 t//^, is both a City and ProMncc within thtet 
 days journey from the I'trfian Gnlph. The Province 
 is about I no Pharafang over, and was for foine t;riic 
 a Kingdom. The City is large, but has futfeni! jy 
 Earth.juakcs, wherein at fomc times 500 Houfc, Jiu 
 at other times jooo Hoiifes have been ourwhelm- 
 fd. Here is a itroiig and ftatelyCaftle, luilt 01 
 .Stone, whichcommands the Town and N.ighboui- 
 ing Country. It is ufually well vid>ualled. aniUus 
 an Armoury fiiffieicnt for 3000 Men. In the Town 
 thw- Bazar is a noble Building, of a white chalii; 
 Stone, covered over head, and filled with Slioi> 
 Here arc many Mofques, in one whereof is buried ^ 
 Prophet, whom they very much venerate. Alilio 
 the Country hereabouts be nf a fandy Soil, it yield. 
 variety of Fruits, and clpccially Dates; for the 
 Palm tree will flourilh in the drycit of their gtound. 
 Provifions here are good, but the Water is bad and 
 fcar^e, for they have little elfc than Kam- water, 
 which falling but (eldom, and therefore kept lonp, 
 putrifics and is unwholfo nc. The Inhabitaiiis art 1 
 mixture of Jexft and Mnhi'mria'ii, who are molt cl 
 them blear-eyed, and troubled with fore Legs, frou 
 the badncfs of the Water, and heat of the Ciimatc. 
 {Herbert.) The City contains 4000 Houlcs, buijiof 
 Brick, but has no Walls nor Gates, the way to tht 
 Caftli' is cut out of a Rock, and is (o narrow, ihit 
 fcaice twoHorfcscan go abrcaH. {Mr.ndelfl .) The 
 levcs here exercifc a Silk Maniifaitiury, and the In- 
 habitants make the bell Mufquet-barrclli atid Gim- 
 powdcr. The Chan's or Governmirs Houl'c is a line 
 Building, and the Bazars arc fair and large. 'Uw- 
 tiin.) The (.'(ififfi were Matters of /.rti-, when 11 
 was a feparatc Kingdom, but thole being firlt Con- 
 quered by the Dukes of St hi) m, and the Dukts cf 
 Scl'ir^i, being as we have faid, reduced by Shu-Siji, 
 (or as others by Sha-/1b,ii) the Kingdom fell into the 
 Crown, and compofes a Province now called (Ihenini, 
 and is governed by a Chan who refidcs in the City, 
 Seignior Gimelli gives us a much ditfereni charadler 
 of the Caflle than the three other we have quoted, 
 namely, that altho' it Ifands upon the Hill, anil com- 
 mands the Town, its Walls arc very ruinoui 
 and deftitute of Cannon. L/ir, Hands in the 
 .'9th Deg. of Lat. about 100 Miles S. E. fiom 
 
 iihirji. 
 
 OI^MVS, an Iflaiid 30 Miles in circuit, lye( 
 in the inidft of the I'afir.n Sea or Gulph, for on 
 Perjlt it is but two Leagues from the Shore, and uii 
 the AmUan fide but three or four Leagues from that 
 Coaft, and therefore abfolutely commands the Trade 
 into it. Itisarncky Soil, and deltitute of all re- 
 celfaries except Salt, wherefore it was polfcired un- 1 
 envied by its own Kings for many Ages, till i)k 
 Purtii^ueT^e having planted thcmfelves in InJia, dif- 
 covered the convenient Scituation of this Ifland for 
 Trade, and therefore by the force of their Fl«:i 
 under the conduiit of Albujuertjue, took footing 111 1 
 it, and fi) fortified thcmfelves, that it was not in the I 
 power of the King to expel them, fo that he liv"l 
 their Vallal, and fwore AllcgiatKe to the Kinijtil 
 Portugal, and was allowed a finall Cuftom tor hisl 
 Maintenance, which beiue a better Revenue ihiijl 
 
 hill I 
 
 had formerly 
 
 Kings liv'd ( 
 
 polfcls'd it til 
 
 an Army agaii 
 
 ded the Unflif 
 
 i proniife of t 
 
 very great imii 
 
 Iclt MaAer ol 
 
 The Reward h 
 
 Ciltcnisof G/i 
 
 thrm 400QU /. 
 
 ilie (Jreat A ' '/i 
 
 "If only ■:jo I 
 
 10 Wealiliy „e 
 
 Hollies, and in 
 
 nneft in W/;>. 
 
 Gunbrit) , oil 
 ib4-/iliiii'i Put, 
 and Sk>-/ilat wa 
 ^fOllRht the Trai 
 l-ii'ljl.m )uft ov 
 ftriight which th 
 wnient Haven, t 
 From a fmall Vil 
 of Ormm, it 1^ gr 
 tells ui, it may h 
 Pt'Jit : for th-" n 
 venifnt lituation fi 
 Ships and CiJiavar 
 Bizir, the two I- 
 Merchants, wiih 1 
 wsys ercdled on th 
 'he Town is fortifii 
 Me, (Thivenoi.) ar 
 doubt fays Hetbti. 
 they have neither ( 
 Wf, which makes 
 'htre only in Winti 
 
 Nieuhcjf, who 
 ?|VM us this accoJ 
 the 27 Deg. Nor.ll 
 Mountain, prodiicil 
 ingtwoCalHeiforf 
 ftions on the Sca-£ 
 Isnd.fidc. The Vm 
 iNiilt of Loom, witl 
 Wriving the Air, 1 
 nwtime. The Stl 
 wredbyihepromiiT 
 StO'iM. There is J 
 of all other Proril 
 Siftember, ia very I 
 oMt, occafioned as] 
 'ying on the Sou* 
 whence the Sun bi 
 force, and the Win! 
 WW, from hUnL \ 
 theheit, and makJ 
 ixxh Men and Beai 
 in the Winter Mon, 
 PMt J for in OAf^ 
 Ihoufand Men an/ 
 H'!''! »nd Per/it i 
 which bring in hitb] 
 
 ' tm not uniwire, ihai 
 "M.ffcrcfAiisit.fcfflnT 
 
 i 
 
riN.ii 
 
 T E R S I J. 
 
 had fomncrly belonged to that fmall Crown, * the 
 King! liv'd contented ; and the I'ortu^ucji quietly 
 pollelVd it till King ^/i/i-W&^; in tile year i£i2. fcnt 
 an Army againft ihi-m : and at the \xme. time perfwa- 
 (!(d the I'.fifli/h to allitthini with ihcir Shipping upon 
 4 prrmifcot' giving them theFortrcli, together wiib 
 very great immunities ; with that help hemadehim- 
 fcit Mailer of their Fort, and quite dilmantled it. 
 The Reward he pave the hn^lijh, was one half of the 
 Cillunuof Gumhtoon, whK ii for 50 years, yielded 
 ihrni 400Q0 /. per Amiuni, ■'W in the Wars againd 
 ihe(ircatA' v, ibeCani,iiiy fold ic, and refcrv- 
 iiif only ^o I. fer Ai.num. 'X\m I'oiiugue^e grew 
 10 Wealdiy lere, ilut they builc molt fumptuous 
 Ituul'es, and in that nine the Town was one of the 
 iineft in W/;/». 
 
 Ctwhiii , otherwile named, Btntici-zihfjJ}, i. e. 
 iU-rllmi't i-'oif, for Bfi.Hi' in l'c\Jitn lignities Port, 
 and Sht-Alai was the Pr rfon who by dcllruying Ormui 
 koiiRht the Trade to it : is feated on the coaft of 
 huri.jl.m }u{\ over againi) Omim, in the narrow 
 Araight which that Iflar^ : -^ikes, and is a very con- 
 venient Haven, the be(i the 1 •tjian has, [i)». Herbert. 
 From a fmall Village as it was, before the icducAion 
 of Ormw, it IS grown lo conl'iderabJe, that Heibeit 
 tells ui, it may be ranked with the belt Towns of 
 ?erf,ii : for th-' it be ftiU lut a fmall place, us coii- 
 venifnt fiiuation for Trade, brings a gic.it refort oi 
 Ships and C'iiuvans. There is one pul>l:i.k Gate, a 
 BiMr, the two Houfci of the Enj^lijh and Dutch 
 Merchants, with the Standards of each Nation al- 
 ways eredled on them, of hamlfoin Strudure, and 
 the Town is fortified with a Imall Fort on the Sea 
 fide, (Thivenot.) and two CaiiK'S belides that Re-- 
 doubt fays Herhtrt. The Ciinnate is fo hot, that 
 they have neither Grafs nor Herbs in the Summci 
 tioir, whiclimaketall Strangers fly it, and remain 
 ihtre only in Winter. 
 
 Nieukf, who was there in the year, 1661. 
 piH us this account of G^m on. It is feated in 
 the 27 Dcg. Nor. Lat. at the foot of a barren fandy 
 Mountain, proditcing neither Grafs nor Trees, hav- 
 ing two Caltles for its defence, and three Itonc Ba- 
 ftions on the Sca-lide, but a fifigle Wall only on tbe 
 Ltnd-fidc. The Hoofes are of ordinary Strudlvue 
 built of Loom, with fquare Tutiets for the better 
 receiving ths Air, on which they fleep in the Sum- 
 mer time. The Streets ire narrow and almoft co- 
 vered by the prominency of the Hoiifea in their upper 
 Stories. There is great fcarcity of Water, but plenty 
 of all other F^ovifions. The Air, from Mt; till 
 Siftmber, ia very unwholfomc thro' the cxccdivc 
 hnt, occafioncd as we may fuppofe, by the Towms 
 lying on the South fide of the barren Mountain, 
 whence the Sun beams are rctleAed with double 
 force, and the Winds litting always Wed or South 
 Weft, from March to Sefiemier, do rather incieaic 
 the heat, and nnake the Air fo ftifiing, thai it ki^ 
 boih Men and Beafts. The Trade is ail Tianla(.^c4 
 in the Winter Kb>nths» during which time it is very 
 great ; for in Od^tr, Caravans conGfting of many 
 ihoufand Men and Bcafis, arrive here from TmkTi, 
 Btgdat and Ptrfit, alfo very many Ships £toin India, 
 which bring in hither the rich Goods of their re- 
 
 7^ 
 
 |i)cftivc Countries, all which, together with the 
 Pearls taken at Buhmev, are here Ixjughi and fuld. 
 The I'alm-tree, Uing the only Plantthat willHounlh 
 in this dry Soil, Dates arr iifed in Head of Bread by 
 thcliihabitams : They have alfo plenty of Sheepand 
 Goats, Hares, Pidgcons and Partridges. The 
 Pc'/Mw Govcrnoiir refidinghcrr, lives ingtcatSplcn 
 dour. 
 
 UenderCmio, feated on the fame Coaft 10 or ji 
 I eaguts Weft from Gombron, is alfo a notable Port ; 
 for the Ships from ludin, Bi^/for/t, /I'^bia-FcHx, iml 
 other para, arrive there with the CJoods of their 
 refpcaivc Countries, which makes iheTrade of this 
 place very great, and therefore the Town inhabited 
 bv rich Merchants. It is an open VilLigc, and the 
 Houfes of Miidd Walls ; wherein .t Dtroga relidis, 
 to Adininifter Juftiic, .ind an Otficer called Scia- 
 <'««(/?/• to collcdl the Umies, w ho Farms the Cuftoms 
 of this Port, Ci'owf c« and another fm.ill Port adja- 
 cent, at xoooo 1 iiians^:i Annum. Aftn the furren- 
 derof Ornius, the Porm^iu:: (o obftrudttd the Na- 
 vigation of this Sea, by the Fleet they kept in it, 
 that the Pe fmn King was obliged to lonipoimd 
 with them, iiid agreed to pay thin, hall' the Cuftom 
 of this Port, and five Horfes every yi aras a Tribute, 
 and withal allow them to have a Houfe here with 
 thiir Standard on it, wherein an Officer refides tu 
 receive the fatd Tribute, and 11 ecu lomans pe> 
 Annum, which they have (iiice agreed on, as an e- 
 quivalent for the half Qiftoms. Moreover, they 
 were exempted from the Severities of the Muhoinrtan 
 Law, granted power over all Chriftians dwelling 
 here, and other Priviledgcs. Altho' the Air is ex- 
 celfivehor, and they have no Water but what they 
 fave inCifterns when it rains, yet Trade invites fo 
 many people hither, that according to Cimdli there 
 are 10 joo Inhabitanfi One great Addition to the 
 Trade of this Town that it \s the Market for Pearls 
 caught at the lflandfi.)/j/iren and other placet in the 
 PcfanGulph. (Gimetti) 
 
 The Irtand B/fH.:fK^:.V lies near the North-Eaft 
 Coaft of Aral>if.-?eH.r, in the miJ-way l-"Avecn B.i/- 
 fertt and Ornim. Thelargclt.briphtch, roundeft and 
 moil truly Oriental Poarls are found here. They 
 Fifh for them twice a year, th« i«, in the Months 
 of Au^n/l ind September,, Many Boats with Divers 
 go out at tint Seafort, and work every Day Eight or 
 Ten Hours, in which time they fetch up abundance 
 of Oyfleis, and in moft of them Pearls. So great 3 
 nuantity of Pearls arc caught here, that Gimelti (ays, 
 the Filnery yields iioooo Crowns^fr Annmv. 
 Nitui>cffUys, the Profit is ^occooDucan aye.ir, 
 befidet what the Officers lliare j and that the Filhcry 
 begins in June,, and ends with Au^nft. 
 
 Keckjniflie, an Ifland of three Leagues in Circuit, 
 about fu Leagues diftant from Onmn, (or two 
 Leagues in Circuit, and three Leagues from Otmus, 
 as Nieuhtff) is noiaMe for its Fertility, hearing 
 plenty of wheat and Barley, with which it fupplies 
 Ormuf, and hath alfo a good Spring of Water. (T<f- 
 vernier and Niculuff.) 
 
 Litra:^a, another fmall Ifland near Ormm, altho" 
 of fandy Soil, is weU Inhabited, and has ftore of 
 Deer on it. 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 * I im not unawire, ihit Kiuhf i»tUnn\M ICiaaiohairc h'.tn • mod powerful and weilihy I'rince, pofleirmg not only this IDimt, but all^< 
 ilir|e pinof l»ih P<T/!jinJ««r«*ij. But 1 am iivJincd to btlicre, ilw Ainhjitook it upon truft) tor 'tif more prohible, that Onniu Ihoulii 
 « t^jtlX 10 ih; Dukn of Lv. who ii wr hive told you. were conMctiNe Prliww, ih«o thitihe King of lb Inull »nd buien sn Wind flunil J 
 MMiAcrorvisinAiffldgnitacgafua&ir, wiik odW'l^'inirctof r>i/i<, which MMt>f ■•kcilMUt of hiiOaminiom. 
 
 L> 
 
 Bcfot* 
 
16 
 
 T E R S I J. 
 
 I 
 
 ■!? 
 
 Before wc proceed, it will not be impcopcr to add 
 a word or two conv.'erning the 
 
 i'Hl{ShiS (.VLl'H, or Sea of Kicuif, u'n hai 
 been I'ometime called, which i> a lar|;c Bed of 
 Water, lying between the Coafls of I'ej'.'. and 
 //M/ii<t-F-/(Ar, about so League* wide in the middle 
 part, biitcontraiSing narrow to a quarter of that 
 breadth at the two tndi. It commented in the 
 Weft, in the 63 Deg.of Longitude, from the Gulph 
 of b.ijfiirj, which iitnade by the influx of the two 
 great River* Buphmtet and Tigris United; and ex- 
 tendi fcaftward lo the7j Deg. I.on^. where Cape 
 Mueu, a promontory of the ProNince I'udan/i in 
 Arxbii-Fclix, by ilretJiiog forward into the Lat. i$. 
 Dep. (o. M. fliutsitupintoaMouthof not above II 
 I;eiguesovcr, near the middle whereof as we have 
 faid thelfland O'mi'J is feated, and with the other 
 two Ill.inds abovcmentioned, intirely command the 
 Paffage. There are divers other Iflinds in it both 
 on the Wrdiun and on the i'r'y'''" Coaft, but none 
 of them, except thofc abovementioned, are confi- 
 dcrable enough to iKcd Uefciiption. But to rctiun 
 to Land. 
 
 The ProviiKC of KJIRI^^IAK otCf.rtimaniti, lyej 
 next to Faijiflan on the F.aft, having the /IriibitnM 
 on the South, Si^ijinn on the Eaft, and a Uefart on 
 the North. The Country is Mountainous, and the 
 upper grounds Barren, but the Valleys are reafonably 
 'Fertil, and yield variety of odoriferous Flowers, 
 cfpecialiy Rofci in great plenty, which affords a 
 profitable emplovmcnt to the Inhabitants, who 
 Diftill them, and fell the Water to Ijp/ihtn. Here 
 is alio found a Drui which is a Sovereign Antidote 
 againA Worms. The Province is large, but the 
 greatell part of it is a barren Defart. {o:earim. ) The 
 Caurii or AiKient i'tijiam, that adore Fire, in- 
 habit this Province. T*t/crnicr. The chief Places 
 here are 
 
 Kj>m»n or C/irtimania, the Capital, is 3 good 
 Town where Cloath of Gold is wove, and the belt 
 Scymitart are made. Tnvtmier. tells us the Sliecp of 
 this place bear the fineft Wool in the World, which 
 they (hed after eating new Grafs. An Eanhen 
 Ware is made here, hardly infeiiour to the Clnna 
 porcelain. 
 
 Darnhegetd, the ancient P<i/7"og(«r</«, where was the 
 Sepulchre of the Great C)tw, is reckon'd one of the 
 chief Cities, 
 
 Btrmafir, Bijir, Bem,Cljo*ii J »nd Tixirtft,ttetam- 
 cd by Oltarius, as chief Cities oF this Province, 
 within the Limits whereof alfo (land 
 
 Jnfjuti, a fmall Port Town fometime pofleiled 
 by the Portuguese, who built a Fort on it, but in 
 i£i). the £n;;/i/b expelled them, and delivered it to 
 the I'eifian. ( Htrbert. ) And Guadet another fmall 
 Port ; as alfo 4imu\n, whence Ormui isfuppofed to 
 be denominated. 
 
 On the Eaft of Ks^man to the Mou mains, which 
 divide Ferfia from India, lyes the fmall Province of 
 hlAKJil^AN, part of the aiKient Gtdrofia ; but is 
 commonly included in Kjrmnn, and the geiKral Ac- 
 counts of Travellers omit 'the DiftiixAion ; Tlie 
 Caurea, or l.men River, which rifci in the Mountains 
 of Sirifitirr, palfes thro' the middle of this Province, 
 and nlh into the Sea. 
 
 Pifir, which may be fuppofed to be the Bifir 
 mentioned by Oleariui, feems to be the chief CitV; 
 altho' Macran a fmall Town nearer to the Sea, gives 
 name to the Land, and Geji it by others, teclioned 
 the Capital. 
 
 SlGl^T.IS, which is the ancient Dungun,,, Iy,i 
 on the North of Mnkfrun, having StbluiUn lor iti 
 Northern Bounds ; the Mountains of Inii* on the 
 E.ift, and the Uefart of drtrntninon the Weft, It 
 is .1 Mountainous Country, and no ways nut able 
 enough to invite Strangers into it. ' lis (rue, 
 the Road by Land from Ptrfia to Jnditi, lyci thw' 
 this Province, but the Country is fo Barren, Moun 
 cainous and Sandy, that few Travellers care to 
 venture it : but choofe rather to go by Sea. 
 
 Sit^ijUn, the Capital City, is by lome reprcftntfd 
 as a good Town, but no particular account of it 11 
 to be found among Travellers, and fo we muft pafs 
 it over. Phmdog, the ancient Prefthafm, faid by 
 Amianui MatciUtnui, to be a rich City, is by Dr. 
 Wi7/in fuppofed to be ftill conliderable. Camulun, 
 KfHf Fjidan, M/i/wgian, Mtjmah and Hatm, arc 
 fct down by Geographers, u the names of chuf 
 Towns in this Province. 
 
 S/IBLVST/IN, the ancient Parofamijfm, lyes ntii 
 to Sigfftitn on the North, extending Ealtward to the 
 FrontieH of Indin. 'Tis a Country fo covered with 
 barren Mountains, and fome of thofc fo high, u 10 
 hide the Sun-light from the Valleys ; and withil 
 [') little produdivc of any thing beneficial to 
 Mankind, that it has always been a place of 
 fmall Habitation, and very little vifited. Piacei 
 named, as chief Towns of this Province, itt Bujl, 
 bcckstiittih, /libit and SAvena^. 
 
 On the Eait oi Sabluftan, l)es the Province of 
 CANDAHAl{, the greateft part of which is Subjed 
 to the Great Mwul. But the chief City, after diven 
 Revolutiont.hathfor the laftHundred years bees Sub- 
 iedl to the King of Pofin.Tht Province was a fmall 
 Kingdom, and its Prince fo wealthy, as to have all 
 his Utenfils of pure Gold, but the great Neighbours 
 of Peifia and India always contending for it, the 
 lad King was fain to funender, and put himfelf 
 under the ProteAion of the firfian, with condition 
 however, that he and his Race Ihould be perpetual 
 Governours. 
 
 Candahar, the chief City of the Province to which 
 it gives name, is a populous and wealthy Place, by 
 reafon of its being a ftaple of Trade between Pvfm 
 and India, the Merchants of both Nations, and evra 
 thofe of Tartary and Turkty rcforting hither, to vend 
 their refpediive goods, but the Town it felf affords 
 no commodities of ufe or value. Being a Frontier, 
 it is very well guarded, having a flrong Caflle, 
 feated on a Rock, in the middle of the Town, 
 and on the South and Eaft, it is defended by 
 a flrong Wall, but on the Weft, it needs no 
 better defence than Nature has given, to wit, 
 mighty Rocks. 
 
 Sba-Abai, left to his Grandfon Sha-Sefi. the 
 peaceable poflelCoii of this City, but in his time, 
 Alimerdan l^an. Son of the laft King, being Go^e^ 
 i»ur, delivered it up to the Great Mtgii/. Sha-ill/fi. 
 II. recovered it in 1650. and kept it, altho' 5>>'- 
 Jehart, the great hikgul, with an Army of jgocoo 
 Men, attempted to regain itin 1651. Not had ihe 
 future Sieges better fucceb, andtbePf/inftiU holds 
 it. (Tavtrnitr.) 
 
 C:iOI(.ASSAN, the ancient Aria and B/<a;u, 
 lyej on the North of Sabluflan and Sigejhr. Tli > 
 is A populous and fertil Country, and one of mc 
 moft confiderable in Perfii, according to vm 
 riui. It produces the beft Manna in the World, 
 and bath a Rock of the Tmquiii Stone, lo es^d 
 
 li'tn, 
 
 Ifnt that the Kin 
 ftlt. The chief 1 
 
 IUr.it or F.rat 
 (iital, is very 11 
 wuh a gooii W, 
 the River nigli 
 quite round the 
 mi, tin ; it is a 
 foried to by In 
 (jiclleiit Tapilli 
 imm the great 
 iieiglilourhood. 
 an3 even 13 Mil 
 
 AJf/.ii,/, Mfl 
 feated at a gnoJ 
 lie At, is furroii 
 Itaiid 300 Towe 
 the Mimumcnt 
 Saints of the Fai 
 Beauty is faid to 
 
 Kichniour, a go 
 Turqiioifc-Stonei 
 iiiahei-mrfjinam 
 eminent for the S 
 ire alfu in this F 
 Trade and very 
 of them is not cc 
 
 FMAH^Al) 
 istherroft Nortl 
 River -'xui or J 
 from I'artary. It 
 ccpt near the Ba 
 Ariai whi^'h run 
 rrn, but in that 1 
 tile and Pleafaot, 
 magnitude. Th 
 fimi and Tartaij. 
 
 Tii/ibad, feral 
 
 in the North par 
 of a frefti Water 
 felted on the ot 
 the ancient Aie^ 
 nam'd as the 
 feated on the Ri 
 With which w 
 bavii^ hereby br 
 tary, we (hall d 
 before we enter 
 more proper, 
 govem'd by Pri 
 wc muft firft tal 
 lies between Tan 
 
 The CAS PI 
 elfewhere faid 
 near its Banks; o 
 denomiiuted as 
 Province Hytcani 
 walhes, is a ve 
 rounded with 
 Efflux, and is tl 
 Lake. Seated b 
 of North Laiitud 
 of Longitude. 
 
i" E a s 1 J. 
 
 Irnt that the Kin? allows none to be fold but to him- 
 leif. The chief Citifs here are, 
 
 Htm t or F.rar, othcrwife named Sri Ai->^i the Ca- 
 pital, if very ftrongly lituatcd, bcini; fuiroundcd 
 wiih a gooil ^V'all and dcrp Channels, or rather 
 ihc River ni)(li which it lUndi, deduced and led 
 quite round the City, the Work as 'tu laid of Jr.. 
 mf\..iin ; it is a Place cf very good Trade, being ro- 
 fi)ricd to by Indiait Merchants. They make iicre 
 uicllejit TapilUy, and abundance of Rofc-Watcr, 
 tiiim the great qti.iniity of Rofcs growing in the 
 uci^hlouthood. ( Oi .vim.) The City is very large, 
 (III) even 13 Miles inCirciimfcrence as fomc report, 
 
 Mtjihiil, Mffcb.i: or Mexai, called alfo i'hui, 
 feated at a goo J didance to the North- welt from 
 \U/ir, is fmroiinded with a noble Wall, whereon 
 Itiiid 300 Tower? I'ayii I'exeira. A City fainoui for 
 ihc Miinumcnt of Imnn-Hjyi, one of the 1 1 PerjUn 
 Saints of the Family of H.i'y, which in Wealth and 
 KeautY is faid to eaual that of Sclieieh Sefi at Ardebil. 
 KiclmUiir, a goodly City, near which the excellent 
 Turqiioife-Stoneiare found. I'hun, tonbeikfliki, and 
 ihdcs-mrfjinam are all confidcrable Towiu, and 
 nnlnent for the Silk Manufadlory. {Olenriui.) There 
 ire alfu in thiit Province many other Cities of good 
 Trade and very I'opulous, but the particular State 
 bf them is not come to our knowledge. 
 
 liST/lli/IUAD together with K.HOBMVS, 
 is the mod North- eatt part of Pfr/M, extending to the 
 River .'.kus ot Jihun, which divides this Kingdom 
 imml-trtary. It is a Mountainous Country, and ex- 
 cept near the Banks of the two Riven Mtrguli and 
 Arits which run thro' it , the Soil is fandy and bar- 
 rrn, but ill that part 'tis plain Champain Land, Fer- 
 tile and Pleafant, producing Grapes oi a wonderful 
 magnitude. The Inhabitants are a miature of Ptr- 
 film and Taruij, whofe chief Citiesare, 
 
 Tiiv)/'4.y, fenbad, or Ftrbdr the Capital, feated 
 in the North part of the Province, near the Banks 
 of a frclli Water Lake named Snhactmber. Maiutre, 
 felted on the other tide of the lame Lake. India n, 
 the ancient /ilextindrin.MnttiMit, by Dr. lUjlin 
 nam'd as the Capital of tne Province. ^Mcbai, 
 feated on the River Mitrgnb, Dtmlfiim and 4mul, 
 
 With which we finirti out Account of Ptifia t and 
 liavir^ hereby brought you to the Frontiers of Tnr- 
 tuy, we Oiall choofe to furvey that Great Country, 
 before we enter Indi* and Cliina, which will be the 
 mere proper, in regard that both thofe Empires are 
 govem'd by PriiKes who came from thence. But 
 we muft firft take notice of the Ca/piait'Sea, which 
 lies between Tartarj and Per/in. 
 
 The CA5PIAN-SE4, Co called as we have 
 eifewhere faid from the C<ijfj>ii, a Nation dwelling 
 nearits Banks} orotherwife HTli^C ANIAN-SBjI, 
 denominated as we have alfo told you from the 
 Province Hpcania now Mn^andertn, whofe Shear it 
 tvafhes, is a very large Bed of Waters quite fiir- 
 rounded with Land, and deftitute of any known 
 Efflux, and is therefore by foine Writers ftiled a 
 Lake. Seated between the 9 9th. and the 46th. Deg. 
 of North Latitude, and between the 69th. and 77th. D. 
 of Longitude. It was formerly rcprefcnted in the 
 
 77 
 
 Maps as of Oval form, rxteauiiig uu Leagues from 
 F.all to Weft, and no from North to Somh ; Bni 
 modern obfervations have difcover'd that tn Form, 
 It nearer approaches an oblong S(|uarc : Whofe 
 longelt fide is from North to South ; which accord- 
 ing to Oletrius is iio .GoniAii Leagues, and its 
 breadth from Fall to Weft 90 of ihe ume Leagues ; 
 on the Weft it is bounded by Ciunjfta and SJiiiwtin ; 
 on the Eaft with EjUrabAd and the Vibf-TiHtari ; 
 on the North the >itgiiyim-J. 11 t.in ; and on the 
 South CiUn and Mitxnnderan, two Frovjnces of Ptr- 
 fit. The Perfi.tm call this Sea KmIP""! ot orher- 
 wife the Sea of Bikji. It receives the great River 
 HUgo, which it felf is like a Sea for largcnefs, and 
 near 100 other Rivers into its Bofoin, and yet is 
 never encrcafed or diminilli'd ; nor is it oUferv'd tu 
 Ebb or Flow. This conftani Plenitude has given 
 rife to many Speculations, and Conjetlturers iniagin<* 
 it muft neceffarily have .Subterranean Cotnm<*:iica- 
 tionwith either the BluckrSt/i, ahho' that be 120 
 Lcagueidiflant, or with the Pcrfian-Gulph, which is 
 near loo Leagues from it. For the lait Opinion Fa- 
 ther Avrill a modern Traveller brii^s this Proof, 
 namely, thai near the Coafl of K.?''"* tb^i'e >' in the 
 CafpiM-Ua, a mighty Whirlpool which fucks every 
 thing in tliat comes neat it, and confcquently 
 a Cavity in the Eaith there ; and in the Pcrfitn' 
 Cuifh there are found to flow on the Waters, a great 
 quantity of the Leaves of Willow-trees, but no Wil- 
 low-tree grows any thing neat that Sea, and very 
 many are feeii on the Cafpif-n ; therefore they are 
 carried by Subterranean paflage from this to that ; 
 it does not coiKern ine to refute or confirm this Opi- 
 nion, and therefore Ihall leave it as I find it, with 
 this remark only ; vi^. Since the Opinion of the 
 Cafpian-Sea'i communicating with fomc other, u 
 taken up chiefly on the account of the continual 
 equal fulnefsof its Waters, it will be worth while 
 to conftder more attentively the quantity of Vapour, 
 that muft be drawn up by the Sun in that hot Cli- 
 mate, which will be callly computed, if you confult 
 the Difcourfe on this SubjcA, written by that very 
 Judicioui and Accurate Naturalift and Mathemati- 
 tician Mr. Edmmd Hality, extant in the Philof. 
 TranfdH. and then conflder whether the infliu of the 
 Riversbe more than Tantamount. The Water of it 
 is as fait as other Sea-Water, notwiihftanding the 
 old Opinion to the contrary, asO/rdriuintTures us: 
 Neither is it of a black Colour as fome have repre- 
 fented. It has many IQands on it, but none large 01 
 inhabited, except one cumed Eujil tiear Vt^rabat, 
 where a few Hutu only are built for the Fifheruien 
 that inhabit it. This Sea has various kinds of Fiih, 
 (notwithftanding the old Opinion that there was but 
 one fort, and that of monftrous form.) as we arc af- 
 fured by Oleariui from Occular Teftimony, Laftly, 
 the bcft Havens in it are that near Tirlfi, which is' 
 made by the Ifland T^««^i«i and the Land of Circaf 
 fia ; that near Mfnkjj'chiai in T,trtary, and thofe of 
 Bikf in Schirmtn, Lenkfran and Pembui, both in 
 Ma:(.tnderan or Tabarijiatt, This Sea is very little 
 Navigated except by Ctjfaek. Rovers, who Pillage all 
 they meet. 
 
 j 
 
 pm 
 
 m 
 
 
 TAaXARY. 
 
7B 
 
 I' 
 
 ')V 
 
 
 TARTARY 
 
 Pa jr. t or 
 China 
 
 riv-^^W. JE A 5 T £ R. Nr^^X^ R. T 
 
 JCm-imm 
 
 JltimSi^'i)' 
 
 \«.A 
 
 Mill StM. 
 
 ■* I '-*-► 
 
 Great 
 TARTARY 
 
 Tlw Ifla erf lAPON 
 
 Ill J;iUi 
 
 f /^ lo i j; 
 
 r 
 
 lARTARY, called the Grand r/\rhiry, 
 to dillinpuifti it from the Idler Tartary in 
 V.wofe, ol which nc have fpoken, Is the 
 Ancient SCTTHIA and SEl{lC.i. I 
 do not reckon in the 5a m^tia here, altho' that be 
 generally include J in the bounds of Tattnn, bccaulc 
 we have alicady fpoken of that part of Tnuttry, 
 which it compolcd in treating of Wi(/iorr, and the 
 Dominions of die C^ir to whom it is fubjcft. In 
 that parr we carried out Reader beyond the great 
 
 RiwcrOi;, wbicii i» jf»nei»fly retko»M iheBoundof 
 of iiumfCi and b^ivuig alio there Ipoken of the 
 Kingdotn of ^hnckim in the i>outh : The liaiitJ 
 of Tattaj we are now to Ipeak to, is reduced oo a 
 fmaller extent than the common computations ol 
 Geographers make it. Moreover the miflake in the 
 computation of Longitude, which wc fpoke of iii tiic 
 Preface, beinjjnow Corredcd, the extent of Tiir- 
 t.vy Kaltward is much contraiiled ; fur whereas tlic 
 old Maps made the Coall of i/K/n^ extend Ea'l- 
 
 warn 
 
 M'l 
 
r A R r A K¥. 
 
 ward to the iSoth. beg.of LonRitude.bur xf we com- 
 ply witli the Modern Coiredkions, it cannot be al- 
 lowed to e«rcnd to above the i joth. or»t» moft the 
 i6oth. Deg. Longitude. 
 
 So that amidft the various and confusM Accounts, 
 the bcft we can ai^rce with, as being moft confonant 
 :o thi: ObftTvations, is that which places I'artary Ui- 
 twcen the 7^th. Deg. and the i6oih. Degree of Lon- 
 (iitude, and between the 4.pth. Deg. and the Both. De- 
 tree ot Latitude, which makes about 4000 Miles in 
 length, and 2400 in Breadth, and is agreeable ;o 
 Ci\r;cti:is, who makes it 1000 Grr/njn Leagues 'ong, 
 mid 600 broad. Dr. Iic)itn indeed makes it 5400 
 Miles long, but ilun he rocs fo far Wcftward, asto 
 include thi- lelier J'.-)7.)r», which is part of Ewoft, 
 and fo not ti be ci.r.lidei'd here. 
 
 The Soil nf a Country fo la ge cannot be told in a 
 fingle Character, the Ciiiiate is fo different, that to 
 be lure tlie Produd;. ot the Earth mult be various: 
 But accordinj^ to the belt Accounts, the Southern 
 p.insof it would be t'ruriul if duly cultivated. 'Tis 
 true even there the land is much encumber'd v tl. 
 Mountains, and furiher upward much more, fo ti.f 
 upon the whole we hear of no profitable Commo- 
 dity brought from thence, but Rjiubmh, which it 
 ieeins grows very freely here. 
 
 ' I'hc People are an otffpiing of the Nonhetn Scy 
 thiMi, who came down Southward about ^c o Years 
 ag», and like the Goths in Euroft, andiheSrt>-/i;;«;jrin 
 .,4/Vif4,carri'd all before them. They conquer d ?erfu 
 md a great part of Afm-Minor^ as wc have already 
 mid you, and tho' they were beaten thence, they 
 forced their way Weft ward and eftablithcd a Mo- 
 narchy in thcTrt«r(cii Chajonefus, which has continued 
 above 300 Years. They are of Ihort fquallcd Sta- 
 tures, broad faced, fallow Complexion, and of moft 
 rude and barbarous Behaviour. They eat the Ene- 
 mies they (lay in Battle and drink their Blood in 
 Civ lufings ; their .omniun Food is the FIcth of Horfe 
 or o'.her Beaft eaten raw, and their beft Drink 
 Mare's-Milk. 'Tis faid, rhc Cows here will not 
 ftand to be milked while they have Calves, and 
 when they have none they are dry, which may be 
 the reafon of the Ufe of Mare's-Milk. They are 
 ftrongof Body, fwift of Foot, viiiilant in time of 
 Service, and patient ui>der the Fatig'tes of Hunger 
 and Cold. They fcorn Agriculture, and laugh at 
 hitrcptnni for feodin,"^ on Corn, at the expciicc of fo 
 much Labour. T.-.-ir Wealth conlifts in Cattle, 
 and their E:npIoymt,>,t in Grazing. They fo far 
 oontcin': a lix'd Habitation, that 'tis a Curfe with 
 them, riy you live in the fame P/.icc, till she StcncI' of 
 yourcwn Dung offtiut )on: Wherefore they never build 
 Towns, nor even repair thofe they gain in their Cori- 
 qucft ; thoy excrcif'" no Manufaiitare, nor maintain 
 any Traffick except in Slaves and Horfes, whereof 
 they fell great nu:nbers into Turl;y and I'cilin ; and 
 for that reafon in Plundering an lincmy, they make 
 inoft of the Children which they are lure to carry 
 off, and in this Trade their Barbarity extends to the 
 Sale of their own Children, and thofcof their Neigh- 
 bours that they can fteal. In Rehgion they w^:re o- 
 riginaliy Pagans, as the Northern Inhabitants ftiil are, 
 but in their Iiicarlions into iurl(^y, they became M-i- 
 hmct/ini, and fo a great part of them ftill arc. 
 Chfijii.tnity was Planted in Schythia in the Apoftolick 
 Age, by St. AnJ fw and St. Philip, and had l.irge 
 tooting there before the Tan^n came down and o- 
 vcrthrew it ; there are ftill ChriJJinn, among them, 
 but very ignorant, ajnd coriuptcd with the Herefic qf 
 Neflorius. 
 
 19 
 
 They Rove about in Hords or Clans with Cart.; 
 foi their Baggag;, and Tents for their Mabitatiiii', 
 which they pitch where they tind a gooc* <, ot of Pa- 
 fturc, and when that iseaien up fc-nov lO mother. 
 
 Such a Generation you may luppofc ■"■' not under 
 very regular Government ; but as the moft r"de 
 Nations do for their own convenience libn to 
 Governors, fo here are fonie, but low r y and 
 with what Powers, we are not informed. 
 
 The Great CkAn>, whofe Imperial Sett is faid to 
 be at Cambalu, has been much talk'i'i of as the 
 Sovereign Lord of this vaft Trad of Land, and tr> 
 whom all the Inhabitants pay Tribute. The old ■ 
 Accounts reprefent liim as a moft Potent, Wealthy 
 and Arbitrary Prince ; who Prides himfelf fo much 
 in his own Grandeur, that when he has Dined the 
 Trumpets found, and a Herald proclaims that the 
 other Princes of the World may Ice down to Meat ; 
 But where this CttmbnUi is feated is not well agreed 
 on, for the old Accounts of I' wlui K-netus feem to 
 point at I'ckjm, beyond which there is no City 
 known that will anfwcr his CharaiScr of it. They 
 all tell us 'tis the Capital of Caihoi, which is that 
 part dTartitry, which lies on the North and Halt of 
 China ; fo that the Power of that Mon-rch if fucli 
 were ttiJl in being, would be known ro the Chin^fr, 
 who themfelves polfels a yicat deal of that Country ; 
 and if they knew any thing of him, we ihouLi have 
 hear'd it in tJicle latter Days, when tho .n.iuifi'ive 
 Jefuits have brought us theme fuch pa.Jicular Ac- 
 counts of all notable things. 'Tis pmbablc there- 
 fore that this Monarchy, whiih was fo great in the 
 Days of TamcrUw, is now broken into fmall Go- 
 vernments. TheOrigine of that Monarchy is plac'J 
 by Hiftorians in Ci«^ii or \"',5" , a bold adventu- 
 rous Fellow of Tariaii.i-pr.^p::n, who with the pre- 
 tence of a Villon from Heaven commanding him, 
 f)ut himfelf at the head of his Clin ; a Peopic who 
 laving been opptflfcd by their neighbour King of 
 Tenduc, were ready for delperate Adlioti .- and was 
 obeyed by fo large a number, that he foon made him- 
 felf Matter of the neighbouring Countries, and being 
 faluted King by his Followers, marched againft the 
 King of Ttnduc and overcame him. Afterwards he 
 invaded and conquer'd Cittlmy, .ind ch.inged the 
 name of Scjthien to that of ld,taria>i. He Reign'J 
 but (ix Years, that is, from A.C. 1162. to 1168. 
 and was fuccccded by fomtham, otherwife called 
 Hocciiti-.. In his time the l'.irt4rt invaded Hurop-^ 
 and his Succeflbt '^oiti-cham or fijf/i/ entred the 
 Minor Afia and Syria, where they ruined the rurl^i/h 
 Kingdom of Djinifcin. H/ialon the Brother of 
 Mnngo the Great Chatn, in the middle of the 1 ?th. 
 Century took Bn^^l.tt, and conquered all Chiii.{.ej, 
 Affyna and I'erfin. I'jineiLtn, T.'nur-knl^, or Tit- 
 mtir~,-h.im, by all v/hich names he is mentioned in 
 Hiftoiy, began to appear in the Year ij^v and 
 fiom a finall oblcute beginning, raisd himitlf roa 
 Throne, whether merely by his Valour as feme fee 
 fonh, or by the Marriage of the King's Dai-^hter as 
 others, I cannot pretend to determine. 'Tis certain 
 he very largely encreafed t)'e Tartar Dominion, as 
 the Hiltoriesof thofe times. 1 A. 1370 to 1400 ) do 
 abundantly declare. His Rcial Scat wis at Snm:ir- 
 ctnd the Capital of Vsbeck^ whence he made Ex- 
 carlior.s into P.'//'' and Indic, the former he entirely 
 conquered ; and the latter in part wis made Tribu- 
 tary to him. And Laftly, the proud lUja^et Em- 
 neror of the Turl^t became by Conquefthis Prifoner. 
 His gte« Empire Wis too large foi one Govrrnour, 
 
 ■ni 
 
 ^1 '1 .1 1 
 
 if- 
 
 
 2 ,■' Vi' u 
 
 liliiil'JI 
 
 f"T 
 
 •■■' ■ fi 1 
 J 
 
 V ',',!■!'? 
 
 
8o 
 
 r A K T A K% 
 
 :\!,. 
 
 1 
 
 ii:. 
 
 I 
 
 and therefore it feems to have been divided a- 
 niong his Sons. The names of the Succeflbrs in 
 Tjititry recorded in Hittory, are LuDochhi, Alinn, 
 Jil/ingo-Ch/tnt , Cubley-Cham ^ Tatnor-Clintn ^ liemy- 
 CW). who reigned about the Year !;4c- None 
 of thcfc performed any Adions that were confide- 
 rable enough for Hiftory, and fo wcheat riothingof 
 them nor their Succeflors. 
 
 As to the ConquefU of India and Chintt, altho' 
 performed by T.irrjri, the Great Cham does not ap- 
 pear to have had any hand in it. For Mirzah-ba- 
 ior who invaded Iiuhn, altho' a Defccndant of Ta- 
 meiljin, was in his bcft Eftate but Prince of ^"ga- 
 tlay ; and Xtinchi who invaded and conciucr'd China 
 in the laft Age, was King of Niucbe the Eaftcrn part 
 only of Catny. 
 
 The bed that I can difcuver of the prefent State of 
 T4rt.ii7, is, that the Mufeovit: is Supream Lord ( but 
 with very little Juril'didion) of the Wertcrn Part, 
 and the Cinncjc ci the Soiuh and Eaft Parr. Thefe 
 Monarchs maintain Garrilons at convenient diftances, 
 and fo cointnand a Road, for an Army to March far 
 into tlie Country, in cife of any tormed Delien 
 of the Tnitart to aiuwy them ; which has been 
 found to be the mofl ctfeiftual way of curbing this 
 wild Nation. 
 
 The Divifionof T/«-/ay according to Geographers 
 is thus, 
 
 i A i^r A !{^l A-D ES F. RJ A, which wastheAn- 
 cietK Saim/iiia Afiaiii a, comftL-hends Samoied/t, Lu- 
 conuii.t, Siberia^ Ca/tiK, Uul^atin, and Ajlmcnu, 
 fpoken of in our Account cf Mu/ccvy together tviih 
 Circnffic^, which we have alfo incntioncd in the Chap- 
 ter, wherein we treated of Georgia and its neigh- 
 bouring Countries. 
 
 Z^^AGA THAT, bounded by the C«fpian-Sea on 
 the Well ; by Tuteh^im on the Eaft ; the River 
 J-ixtrtcs divides it from Tartaria-Dejeta on the 
 North ; .ind on the South is is bounded by the 
 Nortlicrn Provinces of i'eifin. It is in Modern Stile 
 called alio 1'ibeck, ot M.ixvaralnahar ; this is reputed 
 the bell cultivated Part of T/innn, and the Inhabi- 
 tants maintain a good Traffick. with P«»/;<i. The 
 Places of chief Note hete, are Samarctind, which 
 was the Regal Scat of the Great Tfimerkin, ajargc 
 City built of Stone, with a Caftle for its Defiiicc, 
 featcd in a nioft plcafant Valley, and having a Gytn- 
 ■ alium or Univerfity for Mahnmet.w Learning, y'" 
 Ijajfi:, I'catcd at the mouth of the River Oxiis or 
 Jihtm, uTi'i Bi'kfut, in the Mid-land are mention 'd 
 by Cluveriui as Places of Trade. 
 
 rv !{(: H HS TAN, lies next on the llaft extend- 
 ing to the Frontiers of C4f/'jv, having r.tit,iiia.prc- 
 pr..i, or Hf/tl V^nnry on the North, and the North- 
 trn Provinces of ImtojUn, or the M.^ui'i Empire 
 on tlie South. It ii othcrwife called Thibet, by 
 which iiaiiic 'tis known in Indi.t. A Country as 
 Del'art and ill Planted as the rell of Titnan, (ays 
 Dr. He)Un ; wbofc Inhabitants are Civil and Polite 
 enough, fay^ Ciuverim. Tliibct is named by Travel- 
 lers js the Capital City, and Dr. thytiu mentions 
 C'lijlini as a Town of Trade relbrted wh-^ HjtBlnns 
 and Z^Ai^ailiayitns. 
 
 rAkTA\lA-PKOPKlA, or VETVS, the 
 Real ot Annent Tmt.try, fo called becaufe it was 
 the Counir) where the T(»fM origin illy inhabited. 
 is liic Nottheru Part, extending quite from the 
 Delate in the Weft, tothcutmoft North-eall limits 
 of the Continent where the Sea of the K^i.m ,k.iiei, 
 aodtbc Straights of Wrjj.in tctwioate it : Having the 
 
 great frozen TartArian, or Scythian Ocean on the 
 North, and Turcbejinn and Cathay on the South, h 
 contained in its old £ftate many Nations or Words 
 of People, whofe names arc lort, and thcirrripcaivj 
 Countries now net known. Dr. lUylin niuics thcif 
 Su', Ttiher, Tabor, Tenduc, Barhu, Atuan, and J.^,. 
 f/:r. And the Regions of Vng and Mangul, C,.y^ and 
 tvlago!, are (poken of by Learned Men as featcd ;n 
 this Country. Chief Places here, arc Motij^ul icattj 
 on the Lake Com/, thro' which the Riv;.r Inn.v runs 
 not far from the Fortifications of the ancient King' 
 of Tartary. Tartar or Taltar, ne»r the Spring-Heicl 
 of the River of that name, mtitnce the Nation 
 take there denomination. Cli>:kan or Ci>r,,„.:k, on the 
 Southern Bank of rhe River Ghamas. Q.vai.u.-, i^:, 
 the Banks of the lake C.vantiaQ: Kj'ii, whence the 
 River Oby has its Source. Corai, the Place ol Bu- 
 rial of the Kings of Tendii., and Caiacoui, where 
 Cintis was made King. The Ancient Kings of Tm- 
 (/uc bore the Titlcof Piit,''r/ or I'irtbyr-r John, becaufe 
 fays l)(. ilrylin he was both King and Piieft; a 
 Name by corruption given aficrwards to the King 
 ot AbiJJiiiii: in Africa. 
 
 Laftly C ATHdT, which was by the Ancients 
 named C /•; l{iC A, is bounded on the North by real 
 Tartnry, on theSouth by C'/'/j.vr, on the Well by Tu - 
 chcjfan, and on the Eaft In the Sea and the Straight 
 o* 71:1^''. This Country beats a bctier CharaCli;: 
 than the reft of IfVrro. v, having cultivatcj Lands, 
 and near well built Towns; anti <b well replenilhcd 
 with all forts of Wealth, as not to give place to 
 Grercc or Iiniy, fays Clinn ,'ui : But his Author I am 
 apt to believe fpokc of Ci-itia. Dr. Hn' ■ '< us, 
 it is a Country of vi'ry l.irge extcnr, i^r i) iiii; 
 fays, whofe Welkin part is Moiii>caino s and '.j u • :», 
 but the Eaftern Part abounds with Wheit, Rice, 
 Wool, Hemp, Silk, Miuk, and great quantity of 
 Rhubarb. 1 here arc alfo Camels am! Hories in valt 
 numbers, ajid the Country is well provided wiili all 
 things nccelTa.-y for Life ; the Air is extrcam hot 
 in Slimmer, ani milerably Cold in Winter ; the 
 People of much jettcr Wit a.id Addrofs, than the o- 
 thcr TArtan, live in Houfcs and adorn themfelvcs 
 with fumpf.'OUi Apparel. Places of chietcft Note 
 here, arc Cambalii, a inoft populous and Wealthy 
 City, the Capital of the Empire of the Gr.mdC/jnw, 
 and very much frequented by the Merchants of 
 India and China, 'tis five G:<tiia>i Miles (thitis n 
 Enj^tifl: Miles) m Circumference, '.nd furrouiideJ 
 with twelve Suburbs according to the number of its 
 Gates, thus far C/tt^fri/c, and jiulgc if lie mult nri 
 mean Pckint. Oihcrs nakc it nine Miles inCircum- 
 fcrcncc, and fay 'tis o.hcrwife named M.'r/ioH : But 
 the inoft Judicious arc of Opinion, thcf- things are 
 fpnkcn of l'cl{it>-, wl.ich l\uup.r/iii! had never feeii 
 whenihcy were writtci. : And that City being but a 
 little wuhin the Wall, a.'d frequently infeltcd vMrh 
 Taf.i s for many Ages, whe.-. 'he (/'.//•/(• Couit was 
 kcpr at Natnkn)!, "lis not at all improbable ilut the 
 iinpcrfcdt Rumots of that City, might be applied 
 to this. Where the rciil Cambalu was featcd does 
 fiot appc.ir, but the old Maps Place it too far 
 Northward, ( as the new Editor of Dr. IkyHn \\\k 
 ly enough obfcrves, ) to be fo opulent a place at 
 thcfc Accounts render ir. 
 
 Having thus given you a view of T.ttv^ a. orJ 
 ingto the Geographers, welliall now look into lit 
 vcllcrs and give yon their Accounts of it, 
 
 Ta't.»i ■ 
 
T A K T J R % 
 
 \t 
 
 U'ti'y (Tays Seignior Ghmlli) is all the North 
 Bait of /'^/', It is divided by the Chinrje into the 
 MVeflern and Hancni, the foimer poflciTing all the 
 Country lying beyond Pekjm^ along the Fiontiers of 
 lij.r. and Pnfiit to the Frontie;s of Mii/covy. i^ nd the 
 EalUrn rarttiiy reaches from the Province of l.enttmg 
 ( which hcs i«ft without the Wall of China ) Ealt- 
 wjrJ liryond Jafon, and contains the Countries of 
 of.-."; CUE wcftofro-f^, Nlt'/.H.4N North 
 of ^ »- V TVP r Eaft of Uiuch, the Country of 
 3;:S', Plorth-caft of "Jnpnn and Eaft of Tufy. 
 
 'I'lid'e Countries are poor ami ill Peopled ; there 
 beirgiii them only two or thrw Cities, and all the 
 reft wijcl, cither Woods or Mountains. 
 
 Thejcfuit Father J'c'oiV/? who travelled with the 
 EmpiTor of China, into the Eaftern Tartaty in the 
 Year 1 68 J. gives us this Account. Ytom Pekim to 
 ihc Province of Lcaotum, the way is about joo Miles 
 NortliEatt ; and Cfofs the Province of Ltaotum 400 
 Miles more, North- eaft, this Country is Tome what 
 Mountainous : from the Frontier of Leaotum, to the 
 City Lit or t /j, the way ftill North- eaft, is 400 
 Milc!^. All the Country beyond Leaot urn iteiceeding 
 Dffart, where nothing is to be feen, but Mountains 
 and Valleys, with the Dcni of Bears, Tigers and 
 oilier wild Bcafls. You can fcarce find a Houfe, 
 except poor Reed Hutrs upon the fides of fome 
 Eiooks and Streams. All the Cities and Towns we 
 faw in Leitotiitn, which are numerous, are entirely 
 rjincd ; one can fee nothing thro' the whole Coun- 
 iry, but old ruined Walls with rubbel Bricks and 
 Mooes. In the outskirts of thofe Cities, there have 
 been of laie fome few Houfcs built without any 
 Order, of Earth or the Rubbifh of the old Buildings 
 i;c\fred v/ith Thatch. Abundance of Towns which 
 were here before the Wai are (o entirely dciiroyed, 
 as not the leiSt Footfteps of ihem to be feen ; for 
 the Armies fcrccd the Inhabiunts into the Wars, 
 ami dertroyed their Houl'cs to take from them all 
 ihoaghts ut Tccurmng. The Capital of Ltnttum which 
 is called Xinjnm, is a iair City and pretty entire, 
 and has ftill the Remains of an ancient Palace. It 
 hcs by obfervation, in the Latitude of 41 Deg. 56 
 Min. (Oh! that he bad made an obfervation of 
 Longitude too) and there the Magi'etick Needle is 
 fuhjert to no Decimation- The City T,'//i which was 
 the exiicinity of their Journey, lies in 44 Deg. 
 '-0 Min. Lat. the Needle defining fiom South to 
 Welt one Deg. 40 Mm. On the North fidt of Xin- 
 i«i 111 the Hills, at fuiall dillance from the Town, 
 lies the ScpuKhrts of the Anccftors cf the nrefcnt 
 Race of Ci.imji- Einperots. Kj^ in 401. Miles North- 
 fail from Xii.-yiir, feared on tlic B.iriksof the River 
 un/iiiri is anothci City, into whicli the Emperor 
 I'ntred m State. From ihcm:c travelling 3X Miles on 
 the River, they arrived at f/j, which is the faireft 
 111 all iliis Country, and has been formerly the 
 ■Seat of the Eiiipiic of the Taititn. The River Cum- 
 ^'- IS full of Fiih a linU- below Wii . it 'ifes in the 
 AloMir.iin Ch/ttnjji, at a great diflaiKC to the South, 
 \vhich Mountain being the ancient Seat of the Tai- 
 '■t", the Emperor he lays, knelt down on the Banks 
 of the River, and bowed to iv three times in Reve- 
 rence. Our Author went no iattber than VU, but 
 he tells us by inforn:iaiiun, that Kincrit'.a a Place re- 
 nowned in thofe Parrs, is 700 C.hinefe Stadia of 360 
 Gcom- Htces each, diftant froit; "Via to the North- 
 tail, I'eated on the great River Heleum, into which 
 the Song^To falh. And that failing down the River 
 whofe Coutfe is Norih-eaft, iliey arrived in 40 Days 
 
 at the Eaftern Sea, at I was told (kys he, by the Ge-' 
 
 neral of the Militia k KJrin, who had hinafelt'pct* 
 form'd this Voyi^'.. 
 
 I omit his Tible of Diftances, becaufe he bts o* 
 milled to givi us account what thofe Places were, 
 whether Villages, Towns, Caftles or Cities. But 
 I muft not oinit to obfctve, that in bis Relation he 
 mentiom the Oiftanccs in Miles, and in the Table 
 feis them down in Cbinejt Stadia ai he calls them, 
 which makes a vafl difference. And yet if thofe 
 Stadia are reduced to what he fpcaks, vii. j6o Ceo- 
 metrical Paces, the way will appear too Ihort (being 
 not quite 400 Engll/h Miles) for fo long a Tourney 
 as he pretends to make it ; and thetefere with fub- 
 mitfionto better Judgment, I think a medium ought 
 to be allowed. 
 
 The next Year the fame Author travelled with 
 the Emperor 600 Miles into Weft Tartaiy, of which 
 Country he gives us the fame Account, namely, 
 that it is Rude and Mountainous ; but fbeaks no£ here 
 of any Cities or Towns at all. Thus far Father VcrbitJ}. 
 
 The Embafladof fent from the C\ar of Mufcmy, 
 to the Emperor of China in the Year 1 69 j. gives us 
 this Account of Tartary ; namely. 
 
 That he fet out from Mufcove on the ij Mdarch, an 
 tiavelhng North-eaft and South-eaft, thro' divers 
 ProvitKes which we have already defcrib'd in our 
 Account of Mufcnr, he came to the great River Oi- 
 on rhe ift of /iuguji, and pifling by Surgut a City 
 lying on the Ohy, in the Lat. 61 t5. and Naium ano* 
 ther City in 57. 30. heembarkMon the River Ks*f' 
 which falls into the 0^7 a little bciow Naium, and 
 after a Month's towing againft Stream, he arriv'd at 
 the (inall City of Mikjtiiko, and in two Days more at 
 3nie:(tsk?', a City feated on the River 3tn)k», 'n the 
 )7 D. Lat. and according to the Map that goes a- 
 long with thcfc Travels, in the 1 00 D. of Longit. the 
 whole Country thro' which he pafled was wild and 
 uncultivated, inhabited Ly a Rude Pagan People 
 whom he names the Oflmtkj, among whom no Pro- 
 vifioas or Neceflaries were to be had. Jtnc^eikfi i.» 
 well fupplied with Fi(h out of the River which is 
 large, the third part of a Mile over, and convenient 
 for Navigation, as flowing in a diredl Line North- 
 ward into the Ocean. The City is confiderably large 
 and Populous a id the Fonrefs pretty ftrong, govern d 
 by a Magift'.atc appointed by the C^ar. Several 
 Villages lie rjund about the City, and the Land ia 
 proper for Agriculture, producing Corn, Cattle and 
 Fowl very phiitifully. ^^itlmgufiam who live a- 
 long the Banki of the River arc fubjed to the C^ar, 
 and pay Tribute of Furrs at this City. From thence 
 pairing forward near theRiverTdns;!* jtrt which falls into 
 they«>iit4, and the Wn(7 which falls into the T<»nj;u/^*, 
 he ariived at llenikoy. The Inhabitants hereabouts ate 
 barbarousP<>,;i>ni,and rxercife diabolical Conjurations, 
 which they confide much in. From thence he palled 
 on to the Fort B«'««r^ among the Bur*ttl,tni\ Pagan 
 People, and afterwards to the Fort of Bu/araw/i^^.', in 
 the fame Country ; the People have fmall Houfes, 
 and do not change there Habitations, are richly 
 ftockcd with Cows, but utterly ignorant of Agricul- 
 ture. In Summer time they go abroad in great num- 
 bers to bunt down the wild fieafts, which iervesthem 
 for a Winter Store. They have tio Money, but fell 
 Oxen and Camels to Travellers for fuch Neceflaries 
 as arc offet'd, wherebv they buy them very cheap 
 The People here are Robult and larger Staiut'd than 
 ufually the Tartan are the Musk-Cat is found beic. 
 M the 
 
 "tl 
 
 I. ^r 
 
 A\'\ 
 
82 
 
 TAR TART 
 
 lb. 
 
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 i 
 
 M 
 
 ^^i 
 
 
 i^^ 
 
 iH 
 
 The next City became to WM Jefc'f^*', /«*»«! on 
 tbe Rivet Angara, which rilei in the Bxikfll-Mter, 
 Coiplit miles from thir place) in the Lac. JJ- D. and 
 Longit. iioD. 'Ihis Cicy wis not long fince Re- 
 built, and provided with good Fortificatioiiii, and 
 has alfo Urge Suburbs, round which lyes good Fcrtil 
 Land, where Corn grows plentifully, and the City 
 is well furnilhcd with all fort of Grain, Salt, FIcfhand 
 Fifli. It IS iilhabited by l{ufji*ni, under aGovernour 
 appointed hy the C^^>-, and takes its name from the 
 River Jekut, which falls into xhe. /ingitr<i ovcragainll 
 it. Pairing over the Lake oi Btikfll, which is i^ 
 Geiman Leagues wide, he arrived at KjtLania, another 
 liii/piin Caftle, in lo Days time, ami in another Day 
 at tliiiikpy, another very large Town inhabited by 
 I{iilJiins, whofe chief employment is Sable Hunting. 
 1 hence in another Day at I'-tti-lnnka;, which is a Ca- 
 Ikle provided with a ftrongCiarrifon of Cijf.tck} to co- 
 ver the Country from the incurfions of the Mongn- 
 lUm \vhich bonier on it. From thence eroding the 
 Rivet Silitig'i, in (bur or five Days he came Vdinskfit, 
 fcatcd onthcfniali Rivcrt'.Vj, which falls into the 
 Siliiigr. This is a City and ftrong Forttefs feated on 
 a Hiil, with a good tiartifon of hjtjjl.m Colfacks to 
 fecurc againit the Mmgalinm, who often come upon 
 them and deal their Caitle. Tho Country hereabouts 
 is Mountainous, and therefore improper for Tillage, 
 but produres Gar.len-herbs and Roots in plenty. 
 Here begins the Province cf D AV H, I A, i De- 
 (arc Country, thro' which Travelling in barbaroi'.s 
 Roads, over high .ind difinal Rocks tor three weeks 
 time, they arrived at the Caftle of Jamuna, Gar'i- 
 foiicd with Colfacki, and inhabited by Rulfiar.:. 
 Here tilt Tartar Iiihahitams arc called Ks!»iiTi4n^ii:(i, 
 will) live on Sable-Hunting, and fell the Skins for 
 Money to the RulHans. From hence thro' difficiilc 
 ways to the City of /V/i'mi.!, which is a Fortilication 
 wherein liveniar^ Ruflians who excrcifc Sable Hun- 
 ting, here being lounJ as rich black Sables as are in 
 Sibtiiit. Hence palVmg by the Village I'Utbifcha, 
 over fome Mountains, and along the River Schill^a, 
 they arrived in two Days more at N>r;!;in/^()i lying on 
 the River Ntr^.j, which rifing more Northward, falls 
 here into the Schiikt. Tiis City is flrong, being 
 provided with feveral brafs Cannon, and a great 
 Garrifoiiof DaurianCoffacks iKith Horfe and Foot. 
 It Aands among Mountains, but has Champion 
 ground in the Valleys, which they Till, and produce 
 enough for their neceffities. Ner^inskoi lyes in 
 l.at. 51 D. Long. i2j. D. and is a good wealthy 
 place by means of a TiaflSck which tne Inhabitants 
 maintain to China. Here are two forts of Heathens 
 the K^mni- Fimgufmni and the Olenni Tungu^inm, who 
 have for a long time lived in Subjcftion to the Czar, 
 being obliged toappear in Arms at the command of 
 the Govcniour ox >ier:^ingikiii, the foimer on Horfc- 
 back, a-.d the lattc;- on Foot to oppofc the Incurfio:is 
 of the Roving T-ntan. They ^'c good Soldiers, 
 and attack the MongalUns at gre;,t Uifparity of 
 Numbers. They are in Religion ai;d Manners like 
 the other T.i.;<ir; except that they a": of the civiller 
 fort, and live in Hutts, which however they build 
 fo as to remove ai pleafuie. They ride much on 
 Horfeback, the Women as well as the Men, and go 
 a Hunting like the Bwattiani in the Suinmer 
 for Winter Provifions, they ufe Bows and Arrows 
 as indeed all, the Tnrtjrj do, and ate excellent 
 Marks-men. 
 
 From Nfi ^iwj^nr, pafllng the Ri\cr Schilt^a, and 
 thence Travelling ic Days Southward, by the Banks 
 
 of theiRivcr /Irtun, they arrived at Atgumkf,^ 
 vrhich is the !a(l Fortrefi tbe C7ar has in 'i'attii:l 
 Hitherto we have Travelled almoft dirciltly Ej(i 
 fince we left the Oly, and have already nuidc a 
 Journey of at leaft 40 Degrees, which in this I a- 
 titude, wherein Degrees of I-ongitude are 35 ^!ilci 
 and half, amounts to 1410 Miles. Wc .-lOw pjf^ 
 South Eal> 7^0 Miles more, before we arrive at tiit 
 Wall of China. Argunikpi, as we have faid, Ihnji 
 on the Banks of the River yt>gi"i, tvhich flows from 
 North to South, and falls into the River Wm/.. 
 which flows Eaftward, till it fall into the Ocean. 
 Upon this River pretty far Eaftward, the c-jr 
 had Caftles and Dcuninicn, before the year 16S5. 
 when by Treaty between the two Moiiarchs held a; 
 Kipehtii, It was agreed that this River Aijun IhoulJ 
 be the mutual boundary of the two Empires. Ik- 
 yond this River, lyes a great uninhabited W iUcr- 
 nefs, and beyond that the whole Country from the 
 the River Amur Southward, and even NotthwarJ 
 as is pretended, was the Kingdom cf Kicwuu, 
 [that is the Country of the Aiiccftor of the prc- 
 fent Monarch of Chitm ] thus my Author ; hu; 
 that does not well agree with the general opinirn, 
 which places this Kingdom nuirh more Ealtnard 
 After many Days Travel thro' the WiKkrncfs, thoy 
 arrived at the Jalifchian Mountains, which are ex- 
 ceeding high, and lye in the Latiiudc of 4S D. ii.c 
 Country abounds with Harts, Roebuck and nilj 
 Sheep, and large Flocks of Wild-CJccfr, Duiks, 
 Turkies and Partr'dgcs, the Rivers (whereof tlicy 
 palfed divera ) are well flocked with Filli. And the 
 Air is Tcmjerate. The Vallcvs att'orJ plcalmt 
 Pafture ; and in effcd being part tne Mountains, thoy 
 entered a very agreeable Country, adorned with 
 Trees of various kin.ls, Oak, Lime, &c. and bulg- 
 es of Hazel-nut, well filled with Fiuit (it was in 
 Septrmhei) which led to another high Mountain, 
 upon the Top of which, was the fitl\ ciiintje Giiittl 
 or Watch, who flop Strangers, and fend them to 
 the main Guardai Mcrgeeti, aTownatfomcUiftancc 
 on the left . Next they pafTed by the Huts of T-rgn- 
 ;^i,irii, another Clan of Tiji/rti-/, who are Subjci^ to 
 their own Chief, but pay Tribute to the Emperor of 
 Ciitin. They Till the Earth and breed Caitk, 
 whereof they have Horfcs, Camels, Ki lie and Sheep, 
 they affeifl to lide uponOxcn ; and are good Artiftsat 
 making Bows which ate elleemed the beft inTiuU) 
 Hence pafTmg along the Banks of the lUver J-ik 
 through beautitul Paliure Grounds, watered with 
 delightful Streams, and pleafant Words, winch ra- 
 vifhes the fight ; they afterwards Travelled for 
 three Diys in as much the contrary, between 
 Mountains and Rocks without Water or rcfrelhnicnt 
 'vhich terminated in a plain, but very barren Field, 
 which with a Days Travel brought them to tlic 
 City Sixigjr, the Capital of a very pleafant Pro- 
 vince, where live a Clan of handfomr l.:rii:'i. 
 Then journeying three Days, they entrrid the 
 Country of the hUiiy^alinni , another Clan ot 
 Till tan, Subjciit to the King of China, and .it 
 four Days end camo to the old City, or the 
 Ruins of a City pretended tohave been built by 
 Alexander the Great ; and in four Days more they ar- 
 rived aca City called Kugnn Kjiton, or Idol Cit\ , which 
 is alfo in Ruins.And then they parted the River Schr.- 
 iit Muiin, and through fome VilLiges to the t oiintry 
 where the King of i:hii:n comes every vcar .1 
 Hunting, which is a Rocky Mountainous Cuuntiy, 
 and leads to the famous Wall of C- in.i, ivlnch 
 
 llMli 
 
EAST-1NT>IES, 
 
 fliall pur an end to our Defcription of Tar'-'r, fup- 
 poiing that by this time, we have given oUr i<.eadet 
 a prett) good Idea of the prefent Scare of it, for 
 we have carryed him one way Eadward, about 
 3 or 400 Miles beyond the Wall of China ; and 
 now breught him above looo Milei from the 
 the ^eft, to the fame place, ami done this from 
 the Kelaiioni of turn Peribns of indubitable in- 
 
 H 
 
 tegrity, who aduaily Travelled the Land, they, 
 dcfcribc, which is ccruinly the beft manner of 
 declaring the true State and Extent of any 
 Country. 
 
 And thus having viewed all the North and WcA 
 Part of ytfia Ihall proceed to ibc Eaft, and pafs 
 through India, the Ulands in the Imlian Sea, China and 
 Japan, 
 
 THE 
 
 EAST INDIES 
 
 Of f Z;^ E A S T-I N D I E S in General. 
 
 SOME Geographers have extended the EaJ}- 
 Indirs as far as the Eaftern Ocean, comprc- 
 hcml..-.(;C/'jiM.« and Japnt under that general 
 Name ■ But according to the Opinion of 
 the left Writers, and according to the common Ac- 
 ceptation, by the word Eafl-lndici, is undcrftood 
 only, I. The Empire of the Great Mogul. II. The 
 Pcniiifula of Indi/i within the River Gaiigei. III. 
 The Pfninful.t of India beyond the River Gangct, 
 And IV. The Iflands in the Indian Ocean. 
 
 The vaftT raft of Land generally known by Name 
 of / .\' fl f />, is fituate between China on the Eaft ; 
 ftrfia on the Weft ; Ttrtaiy on the North, and the 
 Indian Sea on the South. The moft Southern Part 
 (being the Pcninfula of Maltaa) (lioots out to the 
 iirft IJcpree of North I aiiiu^le, but the Bay of 
 Bo»f/ii!f which flows between the two Peninfula of 
 India ; afcends to the height of ii Degrees, fo that 
 OTily that Peninfula lyes within the Torrid Zone. 
 The Mogul's Empire lying inoftly wuhin the Ttopick 
 of Caicn^ and extends Notthv*ard to the 4 1 Dcgrct 
 ofLatitvklc. .As for iht Longitude, there have been 
 great Miftakes, the Dutch Maps make Surrai lye in 
 the lot Degree, and Jii»//<»' places it in the icy. 
 Whereas our Mariners by then Obfervations make 
 i: about 78 Degrees froir. the Li:{ai,i. that is, 87 
 bou\ Teiinijf, and about 90 from the Ifland Feii, 
 which does not inuch difagret from the Obfervations 
 of the beft Aitronomers in the World, vu- M. Ihvc- 
 I'li", Mr. Hallry and M.GaUft ; a« wt find by :lic Ac- 
 count (publiiTed in chePhilof. ;ranfa(ft. »/. "681.) 
 of the Mtridioml Dillance between Lom/on and Bal- 
 hf.rr^ a place in tli« iJay of hmfi^all, in the Latit. «f 
 ii, which was founilrobeH6 Deg.i4min. to which 
 adding 17 D. 10 Min the diflance from Tenet iff to 
 Lrndm, It amounts to irj D. 54 Min. but Ballafire 
 Ifands ir Ueprces fi.iftwird from SHr,:^, fo that that 
 being dediif>ed, there relis9i Degrees or thcr?abouts 
 forif.e I i.iijjitudc vi Sut.i: irom It /'..•< in Irnoiff. 
 ''••ving hxed this, we may venture to iay with our 
 Map, that 'nri-'- cxuii.ls in 1 ongittidc from the 81 
 Wthe igothfHgree. 
 
 Whether the Name India was derived from the 
 River I-'dus, or from the Hindovnt who wferc the an- 
 cient Inhabitants, and fiom whom came the word 
 liidtjif.n, that (ignilies the Coimtry of the Hin- 
 dom, is not cafyto determine: But itiscalled Eaft, 
 to diftiiiguilh it from i<»nt'»c.», which bears the Name 
 of the i'i 'eft- India. 
 
 The Air is exceeding hot, efpeciallyin the Sou- 
 thern parts, which would be vtterly iininhabitabie, 
 if it were not for the fet Sealbns of Rain and Wind, 
 wherewith the Gjuntries lying in the Torrid Zone 
 are cool'd and rcfrcfh'd. Tnefe Regular Wind», 
 which are call'd Mcnjuom, arc obferved to blow ccn- 
 ftantly from one Turner, for four or five Months c- 
 vcry Year, namelj , from the North or r.ithcr North- 
 Eait (according to Dnmftir) from oMer to March ; 
 and the contrary froin .-Iprii to September : both which 
 refrcfh the Land, one with Coolnefs and the other 
 with Rain. 
 
 The Soil of thcfe Couiutics is gcnetally good, 
 producing not only plenty of Corn, Fruits, Fifh, 
 Fowl, Paftuie and Cittle, but yields alfo the moft 
 valuable Spices and Otuggs ; Indico and Cotton ; 
 Mines of Diamonds, Tin and in fomc places Gold, 
 Iron, Copper and other Metals ; The Seas yield Pearl 
 and Coral; and the Foreftsarc full of Lyons, Tygers, 
 Elephants, Khiooceros, andmany other wild Beafts; 
 ButihcCoumry is much infefted with hideousSer- 
 pencs, aiidmcit noxious Vermin. 
 
 The chief Rivers of India in general ; are, r . The 
 ludiu, which wafhes its Weftern Bounds, x. The 
 Cangei, which rifes in the Mountains that aivide 
 Tartaty and Mia, runs through the middle fihe 
 Country, and falls into the Bay of Si-«fj4i' , Tiie 
 Cnor. 4 Cojmin aivi 5. Pegu, ifltttr ttom the Lake 
 Chiam^y, On the Frontier ot" Tax.uy and C'lW, and 
 fall into the Gulph of Bengaf. 6. The Mrmxn, if- 
 fuing from the fame Lake, falls into the Gulph of 
 Siam. The Padder and Gemeni in Gu:{arttt Dnd C.tm- 
 biia; thcGH^n^d in Colccnda; the Kagundi in hifhn- 
 pir, and other fmaller Rivers will be fpoken of in 
 ihew proper place' Suffice it at pr<ferit to fay that 
 M t h'JiA 
 
 ;.iM 
 
 ii(, 
 
 ■li 
 
 riuUi. 
 
84 
 
 EAST^ll^DlES. 
 
 n 
 
 It 
 
 
 W 
 
 \ . 
 
 1] 
 
 tndin'M in general very plentifully watered with large 
 and coniinodiout Rivers. 
 
 The Mountains of Jndin arc many. A greu Ridge 
 called by the AncientsC(iMc/?/u/, Taurus and Inmtn, runj 
 along on the Weft fiJe between Perfin and Imlijian ; 
 as doth another Ridge, on the North bnwcrn the 
 fame Giiintry and Tnrtury -. In the Peninfula of India 
 within Gatifei, the Mountain! de Gate or Ballagale, 
 continue all the length of the Country from i\4r/;nj<i 
 to Cape Comorin. 
 
 The Religion of India, except where Chriftianity 
 has prevailed, is either Paganifm or Mahometifm ; 
 the lattiT having been brought hither out of Jartaiy 
 or Perjj.t, and the former was the Religion of the 
 hindowi or Ahoiiyjne Inhabitants of this Country, 
 and taughc by the ancient Brachmans ; They ac- 
 knowledge jnc Supream Hternal Otnn'potent ficine, 
 Creator of all things j from whoni thep fay jroccaj- 
 ed three Cares, vl^,- fin""* or Jt><;M^*thcCai* of 
 making all things : yijlump or §ipiit^ the Qtre of 
 prefcrvine all things: And M.tuhadeeh or Jxir/i, the 
 Care of deftroying all things.- Of thefe three Gods 
 they tell a World of ridiculous Fabl««, too long for 
 us to infert. They have other finallcrOeiries and 
 Saints to whom they pay Religious Worlhip, in their 
 Pagods or Temples, whereof they had ont in every 
 Town and Village ; and thofe in Cities or large 
 Towns were built of Stone with great Magnificence 
 and rich Decorations .- but Mahometifm has pre- 
 vailed fo much, as to deftroy a great many of them. 
 TheBr4mmfjor Pricftspretend to be the Offfpring 
 of the Brains of their God Brama, and arc exceed- 
 ingly reverenced. They wear no Garments except a 
 Cloaih about their uiiddle:., and now and then aioofe 
 Gown over their Shoulders ; they feed on Herbs, 
 Fruit, and the like, religioufly abftaining from all 
 things that have Life, and will on no Account kill, 
 though it be a Vermin : They have fome Learning, 
 and arc generally efteeraed the wifeft Men of the 
 Nation .They ufe a peculiar CharaAcrand Language, 
 which like our Latin, is the learned Language ; and 
 muft firll be ftudied oy the Pupils that come to them 
 for Inftrudlion. There are many ridiculous Ceremo- 
 nies in (he Gentile Religion ; but the moft barbarous 
 is that of burying the Wife with her Husband, which 
 is pradlifed in the Indies; begun either on a Religious 
 Account(ereat Rewards of Blelfmg being promiled to 
 the Wife that does it) or onapolitical Account as fome 
 imagine.toprevent the Women's poifoning their Hus- 
 bands, as they fay thev us'd to do ; however it began, 
 it is religioufly obferved by the Hindows, but in re- 
 gard that the GovernmeDi in Indoftan is Mahometan, 
 the Magiftrates reftrain, and wont permit theWo- 
 manto be burnt withoutleavc, which i.snotvery eafy 
 to obtain ; and indeed not at all. if the have Chil- 
 dren.But then Ihe muft put hcrfelf into a State of Pen- 
 nance, or endure the utmoft Flouts and Contempt 
 from her Neighbours and Friends. 
 
 The Cbriftian Religion was undoubtedly planted 
 very early in India. St. Tiwmas is generally believ'd to 
 have preached the Gofpel and fuffered Martyrdom 
 there, in the City Mali/tpw, now St. Ttinmai, on the 
 Coalt of Coroniondel. That Apoftle had Converted 
 many, and Baptized the King and moft of his Nobles, 
 before the fl amines murthered him . And Chriftianity 
 flourifhed ronfiderably, till fome Pagan Prinri-s mak- 
 ing Incurfions, lacked Mai/ipur, and tbrccd the 
 Chnltiansto fly to the Mountains whence ihey dc- 
 frended into Ma!ai ar, »nd in procci of time had 
 Bilhops and Priefts fent to them by the Patrtardi of 
 
 M«^<i/ in Syria ; a Succeflton whereof continued to 
 the time that the Portuguese cune irto thelc parts. 
 But thcfe Teachers brought with flitin the Htrtfj 
 of Keftoiiui, w«h wliich rfic P»tii,gfit:(e found ihcin 
 much infedled } but otherwiiie very good CliriPiaiu, 
 having the BiWe or at leaft the New Teftamcnt a- 
 mong theni in the Syriack Language, rrceivmg the 
 Sacrament, ufirg Prayers to, and profetfing Faith m 
 God and the Blelfed Trinity ; aiidobferving the fan.c 
 Calendar, Feafts and Falls with us : And thmi^ii 
 Chriftianity was in as low efiate as ever it had betn, 
 when the Partuiue:;e arrived, they found fiftetn or 
 fixtccn thoufanil Families in and about Cian^^mot, 
 who lent to Vajco de dnvia in the Year i f,oz, Jciir. 
 ing to be rccciv'd under the Protedtton of thf King o'' 
 Portugal. /iwiJwKf/ that then reign'd, having rcccn 'J 
 F.ncouragement ftom the Pope, iViu over fevcral 
 Priefts and Fryars, who preached the (Jofpcl (Uit 
 with the Corruptions of the Hpnii/h Church; with 
 graat Zeal, and gped Surcefs : Join III. win 
 lueeecdcd him, fpareAno Coft or Pains to propagate 
 Chriftianity in India, and tn that purpofe lent ok; 
 Father Frrtncn Xavie>, who by his Pains an.i 
 Piety inftrudcd ihe People, and by Sttiiflnefs ofLfc 
 and Virtuous Difpotition, fo wrought upon them, 
 that as \.)\tPortugiiere brae, vaft Numbers wcrecon- 
 vericd. Th(^ I'.nglifh and nmch Nations alio have 
 contributed their Parts to the propagating Chriliia- 
 nity in India, fo that though the inland CounTy bt 
 ftill Heathens and Mahometans, the more cuiliz'J 
 People on thcCoalts are pretty well reconcdedtoow 
 Faith. 
 
 All the Princes in India, from the Great .VI ^«;, , 
 to the leaft King of an liland, are AbfoKitc in ihcit 
 Authority, and execute an unccntrouletl power oiii 
 the Lives, Liberties and Kftites of their SubfCK 
 Are never approached but with the utmoft Siibiiniii- 
 on, nor admit any Client whu conies empty hanikd, 
 a PrefeiK being always made at every application f(.' 
 Juftice, as well as other bulincfs. As ihis Creaus a 
 great depcndanceon the King, fo it caiifcsa Lazintls 
 and Defpondency in the common People, for to 
 what purpofe ftiould Men be induttrious, when ihty 
 cannot reap the benefit of their Laboi'r, and when 
 Wealth cannot be transferred to their Children, but 
 on the contrary makes them the more obnoxious to 
 ill treatment from their Governours. Thofe ol the 
 Pagan Faith (tis fuppofed) Bury their Money upon a 
 belief it will be ull-ful to them in ihe other Worli'; 
 And the Mahometans care little fur laying up : The 
 richeftGovcrnour Ipends all he gers,and thereby alone 
 can fecurc himfelf from the ruin whichthe Envy ot 
 his Wealth would create. And the Land is lo farfrnni 
 being a property, that the fame Man fcldom pollcilci 
 two Crops; nay, Gimclti tells us, the Great AJs^.i.' 
 fometimes takes away the Land that is Tilled, inJ 
 gives the poor Pealant other thatis Fallow. Bur tin 
 People bear it with great Patience, and know nt 
 what Liberty is • comeniing theniltlvcs with lorry 
 Houfcs, ill furnilhed, and Food as ordinary. 'Die 
 common Food isKice, and Drink, Water. 1 here be- 
 ing no Wine is Mia, they debauch in Rack, which 
 is a Spirit diftilled from Rice, and the lower foit m 
 Neri or Tary, which are the juice of the Toddv aiU 
 Palm Trees, a plcafant beauvrage, and nor unlikr 
 Wine. The better tort much affodt to Chaw Arcck, 
 which is a fort of Nut ; this wrapt up very m-itlv 
 in the 1 taf of the Herele-Tree prcpaied wuh 1-imt, 
 is a Regale in Vifits; and is generally tiled all nvti 
 the Indies. It provokes fpitting, makes the l.if 
 
 11 J, 
 
EAST-INDIES. 
 
 85 
 
 rd, 311(1 is reckoned to be good fot die Sco- 
 mach. 
 
 I'be n-raote Diftance of India from Europe, may 
 Diakc it wortli our Eiiijuiry by what tteps wcolnain'd 
 fointimateaKnowlcdgcofu; forcon(idcringho\A' vait 
 a Traiil ofLand lies between it ajid the Mediterranean 
 Sea nn one lide, and how large an Ocean iloweth 
 between it and us on the other (ide ; it would b-- 
 extrcnicly wonderful that we Ihould ever have 
 procurcil the Commodities of thofc Countries in fo 
 plentiful a manner, f we were not acquainted with 
 the NVit and Indultry of ihcle latter Ages, wlierein 
 M»o al^enturc to pry into every Corner of the baU- 
 ub'ic World. The bill Knowledge of Uuii.t leems 
 rr be ow ng to Aiexr.mtci\ Eicpedition ; for after lie 
 lia^l conquered Pf/;!-, we are told by Curiiuiani o- 
 rhcrs, his Ambition led liini into ludia^ where many 
 Nations fubmittt'd without bloodlhed ; aod I'otus 
 who is thorpht to have poflelfed the beft part of what 
 It now the Migu'i Empire, relifting him, was van- 
 qiiiiheci and made Captive. Some Authors arc ape 
 to believe he penetrated as f.iras the River Qntiji^cs, 
 hut 'tis more probable he went but a little way beyond 
 tlic InJib, and returning, followed the Courfe of 
 that River down to the Ocean; and that it was near 
 where hill now (lands that he credlcd the .ughty 
 Alt 11* in imitation of llfculci't Pillars, and left 
 thofc vait BeJ.i, Armours, Bitts, Sec. to amufc future 
 Ages. I'!(ht»iy and the ancient Geographers fpeak 
 of ^ooo conliikrable Cities, and as nianv Nations in 
 («,/m: Where the Bi/i,/"W(«n; or X«</i<i,'/ Pliilofophers 
 were celibrited, and honoured wiih the Title of 
 (Jyiniwfopliilhby the Gir.^i. But the Knowledge of 
 Indii proceeding chiefly from the Trade thither, we 
 were to be furc very little acquainted with it, iirforc 
 the llwfc.ms f.'und the way by Sea: For before 
 that time ail the Traffick into /i«/,ri was carried on 
 by the I'e'Jiitnt, Arahiitnt and Moon, who brought 
 the Jewels, Spices, Silks and other valua''le com- 
 modities of thcfe Countries, partly over 1 and, and 
 partly by the Red Sea, to Al-ximdiin and other Ports 
 in the Mediterranean ; whence the Veneiiem, Grn-ur- 
 j'l and l-tarentinci brought them to Europe : by which 
 Trade the Princes of Syria, Arahiit and E?ypr, as 
 well .IS the Mei chants of thofc Countries and Italy 
 were exceedingly enriched : Till by the AiFiftance of 
 the Mariner's Compafs, ihe Aflrolabe, and other 
 ufeful Inilruments then newly invented, the Portu- 
 fuf^f were enabled to launch out into the Atlantick 
 Ocean, coaft the whole Continent of Afiica, double 
 the Cape afCod Hope, and find the way by .Sea to 
 the Rijf-lndies. Of wIikIi Navigation and the 
 .Settlements 0'" Europeans in /»./■>, we ihall fetdown 
 ai particular An Account as the brevity of our Work 
 will admit; imagining it m;ivbc an agreeable Eiiter- 
 taintmeiit to our Reader. 
 
 Of thcfirjl J'opif^esfrom EUROPE to 
 the EAST-INDIES. . 
 
 THE Difcovery of theCoafls of /i/ii.-.t in order 
 * to a Voyage to the Eaft-liuiies, was hrft at- 
 tempted in the Year 14.1.0. by Dm Henry Son to 
 Joli'i I. King of Portu^nl ; who gave all polUble En- 
 couragement to it. Bnt in 53 Years tune that 
 he lived, they had got no farther than the Coalfs 
 of Cuinen ; and after his D.-ath there was little 
 Progrefs made in it, till the time of K. "Ji'hn II. 
 who rrfuming this Matter with great Zeal and 
 
 Courage, firft lent oiu Baiilialomew DMi, who dou- 
 bled the Capeof/J/>iV4, to which K. 7<i*»i gave the 
 Name of GW Hope : and afterwards fcnt I'ed'o Co- 
 vitUaii by Land, who travelled as far as Cnnenor, Ca- 
 Itcut, and the neighbouring Places ; whence t^roiTuig 
 the Indian Sea, he pafled over to the Coafts of 
 ^tmguebar in Africa^ and by the information he re- 
 ceived there, concluded that the fame Coaft conti- 
 nued from the Cape of Good IJofe ; fo returning 
 through -Ethiopia, came back fafe to Lisbon^ and gave 
 the King fo much Encouragcir. era, that he made aU 
 ncccilary preparations to fet out a large Fleet for that 
 Expedition, but dyed inthe Year 1495. before it fet 
 out. 
 
 f;>»jnu;/ his Succcflur, profecutcd the deflgn, and 
 inthe Year 1497. t^a/codeGama with for r Ships and 
 160 Men fctSiilfrom Lisbon, and Sailing along the 
 Coaft of Africa, he doubled the Cape, and came to 
 A'/u^am/'i^i/f on theEaft Coaft of///'it.i, inthe 15th 
 Deg. of South Latitude, where being kindly enter- 
 tained, he Raid for fome lime, receiving in(lrii£hons 
 for the profetiiting his Voyage, and as foinc relate, 
 he found there that moll ufeful Inftrumeni the Mari- 
 ner's Cotapafs. But with more probability it ma-, be 
 faid, that it was not then unknown, for 'twas ii^c 
 Years before this, that Columbus fet cut on his difco- 
 very of yfraenco, wherein we may reafonably con- 
 clude, he had the ufe of the Compafs ; and if the 
 S/KiniVtr./j had it, undoubtedly the Po/vh:;.,?^?, who 
 were the chief Navigators at that time, would not 
 be without it. But to proceed. Us (.'.im.j parting 
 from hence, pwiecuted nis Voyage, and in two 
 Months morcdikoveicd ihcCoalt oiMeliba , where 
 Anchoring near Cit'cut on the icth of hUy, 149B. 
 He feni fomcMen alhoat for difcovery ; who by good 
 Fortune met with a Alwthat underftood Ponj/^jf^f, 
 and acquainted them with the State of the Country; 
 and by his means ihc \arnoiin or Empemr of Ciiaut 
 was informed of the, T Arrival. This Prince recei- 
 ved them very kindly, and was ready to have encrcd 
 into a I eague with the King of Portugal, when the 
 AiMans atid Moon, who were the Men thatc.arryed 
 r ^ '*'(■ .'iW/Vjh Trade to Europe tiitherto, being alarm'd 
 1 '■ i'rnval of the P3rtu^iie.{e, and forefeeing the 
 lofs of their Trade, if thcfe Men were admitted ; 
 applye.l flemlelves to the King, and laying before 
 him the Advantages that he and bisCountry had re- 
 ceived by their Tr.ifKck, and declaring, that in safe 
 the PorfH;;uf^f were admitted, they would leave him; 
 fo wrought upon the ^.j»n(jii«,thatthe i'orrug:. ;; were 
 no more favoured but infultcd ; Wherefore de C rma 
 finding himfelf nor fafe,ar,d having in agreatmcafure 
 performed what became tor, vi^- difcoveredihc E.tjl-- 
 Indiei ; he returned home, and arrived fafe at Lisbon 
 
 in Seftciriber, (499. 
 
 And now the difcovery being made, the next bufi- 
 nefs was to edablilh a Trade there ; to which purpofe 
 tht: next Year, Pf.Vi()//,'i'/irf^(/cCc/'r.i/f was fcnt out with 
 aFlcer of 13 Shipsand i^aoMen, to oblige by fair or 
 foul means the Kin^ o(Caieci.t to permit tlieni 10 fetUe 
 there. Of thefe Ships, I ut fix perform'd the Voy- 
 age, for the reft were either fent back, as unable to 
 peiform the Voyage, or caft away. Arriving at 
 Caleciit, he was entertained with uncxpedfcd kind- 
 nefs by the S^jimorln, a Houfe given the King of Por- 
 tugal, and liberty granted to lade their Ships before 
 any others. But their old Enemies the Moois foon 
 made a difference, for the goods were fo bought up 
 by them, that notwithftan.iing the ^ifmorin's order, 
 the Portisgueie could luve none, which made them 
 
 fet 
 
 m 
 
 ■r%M 
 
 AM 
 
 .<' 
 
 '/M 
 
 'AL 
 
 .•!:f.f 
 
S($ 
 
 EJST^INVIES. 
 
 i 
 
 H 
 
 I i 
 
 u 
 
 n 
 
 'I 
 
 fet upon the \/Mri Ships and take the GootJs thence ; 
 to revenge which, the Sitrii:^ens uflaultcd the Ponu- 
 gue\» Houfc, and kilM many of the Men ; for 
 which Affront, jllvatt^, not able to get fcdrefs by 
 fait meani, fct upon i o /irahian Ships in the Port, 
 killed the Men, unladed the Ships, and battercdthe 
 Town with his Cannon ; and then leaving C<i/ff«f, 
 he failed to C'of/'i«,whcic he wasvery kindly received, 
 furnifiied with the Cotninoditifshe wanted, courted 
 by that King and thcfe of CouUm and Cinmoi, and 
 thence returned home with a very rich Cargo, 
 and arrived atti.'^n, in Auguft i^oi. In the mi an 
 time, John drNovow»% fcnt out with another Fleet to 
 recruit lie (i.itua, but milling him, he laded his Ships 
 at Cochin and Canmor, and came fafc to Liibcv. 
 
 And now the King of Pji(ui;/i/ alfumed to him- 
 fclf the pompous Titles ot to'vif cf the Snigirion, 
 Conqueft f.nd Commerce cf .•Ethictia, Arabia, I'erli.i and 
 India J and to maintain that Title, lent out yi^fcn He 
 Gam* a fccond time, wirh the Title of Admiral, 
 and a larger Fleet than ever ; with which he failed 
 dirc<5ily to Ccchin, whofe King Trimumpitta was a 
 fincere Friend and i;cnerous Afliftant to the Pom.. 
 Kue^e againii their Enemy the ^jtnorin of Calecnt : 
 Having laden his Ships, and dilpatcht his Affairs at 
 Cochin, he lalled towards Canmor, but was met by 
 lo (tout Ships from Culecur, which he quickly de- 
 t'eatcd, took two of them, and returned to Pouugnl, 
 leaving Vincent H.- Sco<ha with (ix Ships to truifc on 
 thi; Coaft, and hinder the Commerce of ihc Wir- 
 bi-mi and Moon. Alfoon as He Gama was gone, 
 the ^amarin fell upon Ttiniumfnra and drove him 
 out of his Kingdom, bccaufe he would not quit 
 the Intercft of the Poriugucyr. But I'mncis and W.'- 
 flionfo a' Aihiiijuerque arriving the next Year, at Cc- 
 chin, they foon drove out the "^^.imcrin, and reinffa- 
 tcA.Triniutnp.it a, and by his permilTion built a Caftle 
 for the Security of the Poriuji^ue:^e, which after was 
 encrcafed to a Town, and may be called Ncxo-Ccehin : 
 having done this, bded their Ships, and fettled a Fa- 
 (itory at CouUm, they riturncd to I'crtuga/, leaving 
 Pf.cieco a valiant Commander wi'.h 300 Men, and 
 three Ships to oppofe the T.^<tmmiH : With this fmall 
 forte the Portutue^e A'lA Venders, repulling the Ca- 
 leciitiatii in all the Attacks upoiiC'w/vw, and fupport- 
 ed Trimuniparit in his Kingdom. The ncjct Year 
 they were reinforced by a confiderable Aimada from 
 Pntiii^til vmier I oPe^Suare:;, and acquired a mighty 
 Reputation in InJia, 
 
 The foti.'jue'i' having thus in fomc meafure e- 
 ftabliflied thtmfclvesin hiiin. King /i»«(in«f/ lent Don 
 h't/trcifco n Aimriiia in the Ytar 150^ to relide there 
 with the Title of Vice-Rny : This Prince maintained 
 the War with Ricat Cou'-igc and Hazard, during ihe 
 tive Years that he governci'. And Alpl'onjo (f Mibu- 
 ./ufr<7i(f that liiccecdcd him, took the Iflind and City 
 of Gr, which was then maJe, and has c\er fince 
 continued the Scat of the Governtncnt of the Pw///- 
 ^ue^e Af.a : from hence they lent out Armies and 
 Fleets, and cxtit.ded their Conquclls far and near, 
 eltabliihing batflorics, not only all along that Coaft 
 of Malabar, and the other of Cori'wandfl., but alfo 
 all along the Bay, and the Coaffs of Pef^v, Sinm, 
 Malaccr., and on mott of the I (lands, and poifcflcd 
 for a long litre the whole Trade of the Imt.et ; till 
 the Fngiijh and Dutch Nations pur in for a fhare 
 with them. Smce that time the Poif/.^i fife Trade 
 daily declined ; and in tlic AVar with the Dutch, 
 in i66l. or. they were almolt expelled thefe 
 Parts, having at prefent belides Gca, few Places 
 
 of any Importance there. So much for the P^itu- 
 ".uexe. 
 
 The Difcovcry of the F.r.l}-ln(fi''i happened in 
 the Reign of our King Hen'r VII. who was a 
 Prince that loved his Money too much to fend it a- 
 broad in fiich harardous Adventures; and as he re- 
 fufed Cohmbu) Afliltaiice in the Dilcovery of /;»«f- 
 rica, fo he neglected the Trade of the hrji-lmlie.i. 
 His Son Heni) VII J. was otherwifeemployul all his 
 Reign, as werchis twoSucccflbrs. But Qjiecn F.i- 
 :^iibeth having happily fettled Afiai-sat lion e, and 
 having the Tunptation of annoying her tnrny the 
 Spaniard, applvtd her thoughts to b'orcign Expedi- 
 tions, and on that account let out Sir Irancit Dml^e, 
 ini',S7. with Commiificn to infclt the Sp:nia'ilnt\ 
 all their diHani I'lamations. That great Man paf- 
 fed the KUgcll.inic Strcights. and in the South Sta 
 on theCoaft of thofc rich Provinces of C/n/i and 
 Peru, took many and great Prizes frtmtheJ;4- 
 niardi, and then ffood over to the Eaji'h.diei, whcrt 
 touching at the Moluda lllands and itjna, was 
 kindlv received, and having fi fhcientlv infurntcd 
 the Natives of the Power and Grandur>- of the 
 Queen of Etglntid, came home by the Cape of 
 Good Hope, and arrived lafe with great Wealth, alter 
 an abfence of three years, and having quite gene 
 round the Globe. '1 his feems to be the tirft 
 time that Engli/h Men had fecn the £«/?. 
 Indies. 
 
 In 1 5815. Tbo.Caiulifh, Efq, with like Commiirioii 
 as Sir Frnncii Dral(e, fft rut on a fccon' C-rimiaii- 
 gationofthe Globe, winch he alfo happily performoil 
 in two years and a quarter. He, after hir had fufij- 
 ciently annoyed the Spa'ii.:r,''s in the South Sea, ftood 
 over to the Ladrones Iflands, thence to the fU- 
 lipinei and to Java, and lo home by the Cape of Cciii. 
 Ihpe. 
 
 In 1591. Jamei Lancajler, trade a fucccfsful Voy- 
 age for Trade to the Eajl-hdici. 
 
 Being thuswcll informed of tlie Benefit of the /ffdVuii 
 Trade, and inf^tudtcd intfie way thither, cur Nati- 
 on refolvcd to put in for a (hare of it, and tlicfoi- 
 having formed a Company, who advanced 71000 ; 
 they obtained a Charter of Incorporation from the 
 Queen, bearing Date, Dec. 31. 1600. whereby 
 George Earl of CimibeilanJ, Sir 'jfJm Hart, H'lUicm 
 Candifli, Jamci Laticafler, and ethers to the number 
 ofiio. were conftituted a Body Politick, with Power 
 to them and their Succcllbis to Trade to /ijrica and 
 the Eajl-lndiet, forbidding all Others fo to I'o. This 
 Company immediately fet out a Fuct of five Ships, 
 who carried a letter from the Queen to the King of 
 /Ichin on the Wand Sumatra, where they faltly arri- 
 ved, and delivered the Letter, and were very kindly 
 received. But the Po)tugve:(e who were fettled there, 
 and at that rime being Subject to Spain included in 
 our Wars with that Nation, intctefted thcmfelves 
 exceedingly, in oppofing us at Achin, and according- 
 ly with all their Arts, endeavoured to let the King »- 
 gainftus. But as be wasa Man of too much Virtue 
 to be led by them, and withal, the Fame of cur glo- 
 rinus Vidlory over the Spanifh Armada in 88. having 
 reached his Ears, he was fo far from being made our 
 Enemy, that he became a very hcartv Friend, info- 
 much, that he not only entred into a Capitulation of 
 very favourable Terms for our Trade there, but alfo 
 was fo kind to lend us his Afliftance, in difappoint- 
 iiigthe /'o'fMf wf^f in all their Plots and Deflgns a- 
 gainlt us. Here they took in fome Pepper, andpalfed 
 -^n to Bantam in Java, where they fettled a good Cor- 
 
 refpondenct 
 
 teffondence and 
 Ship inthcStaigh 
 Failory at Wt/.fM 
 Cargo. From ih 
 and endeavours v 
 the Iiuii-, But t 
 Arts with the Nati 
 tired the Trade vc: 
 always return wi 
 iliicded to the II 
 they brought bad 
 time Agents were 1 
 Ciiitinent : 'J'o \ 
 litM-Mogul were 
 (loy'dMr, Join M 
 \lmk,i>.i afuTwardi 
 pill.il llic thing V 
 I'loiijiht the King tt 
 liiiuaiKnis and i'rii 
 »a)spencrted, am 
 ihcr was v cry prcca 
 111 like ininiKr our 
 ihat Co.ift, as we 
 which to be Aire imil 
 litablc, but that dii 
 tor they continued 
 .liilatlaft [Ociritr 
 ivuhthe'jf.'f-.Vf;;«/i 
 Trade, anl to fctti 
 And finally in the '^ 
 AmbaliaJor from Kii 
 and got an Eftablifhn 
 ncielliiryforourfecur 
 accordingly ever fit 
 Places ofthat King's 
 Year 1614. our Ships 
 ihey made 3. Treaty vv 
 i2oiy winch lalk-d ibn 
 en the Coaif of Co'f.w./ 
 oi Golmda, with Jibe 
 St. Gr,7;i', which is 
 rcignty'oii that fide, : 
 Company's Affairs bc\ 
 ifce chief refort for all 
 Out Nation hath alfo 
 itn^ on the Coalt 
 ;"^':v», near Gca. f 
 '", on the Coaft of 
 Company about 10 '^ 
 Ouf^ln, Caffumbe:{ar., 
 in B«^4//; at Agra, 
 UkIh, Dabul, Pettap, 
 ralothcrsintheDomit 
 ilio in S)am, Camboi 
 t'ianim, Tian, Fort 
 iiini Sumatra. LikevN 
 "■Imti and Bandermaffi 
 The Engli/I} might 
 M'ftets of many othci 
 and Dutch have done, 
 ificrto carry on t pe 
 *ith the Inhabitants, 
 Nations, to Enflave an 
 Mtfaof tncir Wealth ai 
 iliey have been every v 
 Ficferv'J an unfpotted 
 
 The States of lldtm 
 ^J" in a condition to ft 
 '« defence of the litt 
 
EASr-IN-DlES. 
 
 87 
 
 tcfffinclfnce and Faftory : Took a rich Portutuife 
 Sb-.p in the Staights of Molucca, and having fctilrj a 
 Failory at Aden, returned Hontc with a vcryuood 
 Cargo. From this time Shins were lent every Year, 
 md endeavours ufed to fettle Trade in all Parts of 
 ihe /"."^J But the Prrtu^uefc and the Hutch, by 
 Ari3 w»h the Naiivc«. and their own Villanics, ren- 
 ilrcdthc Trade very (uncertain, and the Ships did not 
 jlways return well I^cn. The firlt Voyages were 
 ilircilU'J to the Iflan^, and the chief Commodities 
 ihcv brought back were Spice. But at the fame 
 lime Agents were employed to obtain a Trade on ihe 
 Ciiitinent : To which purpofc Treaties with the 
 ii-fji-Mi'l^iil were fet on loot, wliercin were em- 
 (loy'dMr, ?i)/i< ■»'/7./f«/'it/firftin 1004. and Captain 
 //jir^ili afterwards ill i^'ioj. Both thefe (icntlenien 
 (iill.il ilic ihing witii great Zial, and frequently 
 lioiii>ln the King 10 a good Temper, but by the In- 
 limJiimnisand Tricks of \hQ Portugiiip, he was al- 
 «HS perverted, and for lc\cral Years the T'rade thi- 
 ihcrwas \try precarious. The Ontch were always 
 III like ininncr nur Kiir tnies at Cvkcmtti, and on all 
 itiJi CV.ift, 35 well as at the Spice-lflands. All 
 tthich to be furr iniift have rendred the Trade unpro- 
 litablc, but that did not difcourage the Company, 
 'or they continued their Trade with Diligence. 
 Aiilitiaft ; Oi-.'c/fr 1611. ) a Treaty was concluded 
 Willi the O'f'f-Vf:;/*/, whereby we were allowed free 
 Trade, an) to (cttle Factories in his Dominions. 
 And finally in the Year 1614. Sir 7V;(i. y^^oir- went 
 Amballador from King Jitmn I. to the Giett-Mo^ul, 
 and got an Eftablifhmentof I'uch Privileges, as were 
 rnellary for our fecunty in Trade. Our Natitn has 
 accordingly ever fincc, kept Fadlorics in divers 
 Places ofthat King's Dominions. And m the fame 
 Ycari6i4. ourShips were got asfaras;7/i;i.iw, where 
 ihey made a Treaty with the King, and fettled'a Fa- 
 dory which lalled fometiuic. Soon after iW.j./My;irtu« 
 cntheCoaikof C(iiT.M.i;/(/f/, wa< obtained of the King 
 of Gilctndu, with liberty to build a Noble Fort call'd 
 St. Grci;/, which is the Seat of our Hiij^iijh Sove- 
 reignty on that fide, and general Fadlory for all the 
 Cjiiipany's Atfairs beyond Cape Comoi/n, as S«)j/ is 
 the chief rofort for all Affairs on this lide that Cape. 
 Our Nation hath alio the Sovereignty of thelfland 
 S'mh) on the Coalt of Citmhia. The Illand An- 
 Itiiin, neat (•''''■ Fort St. David'i near Srgnpit- 
 i", on the Coaft of Coromandcl, purchafi'd by the 
 Company about lo Years ago. And Faiilories at 
 Oiif;/f>, Cixffumbe\iir^ I'aiana, Dr.ct and liillafore 
 in iti^iill; at Agx"; Amadabnt, C/imb<iy,t, Broji.t, 
 hsxxhi, Dabiil, Petlafoli and Mi!tfuiipatan,vihh feve- 
 ralothcrsin the Dominions of the Gt em-Mogul ; as 
 alio in S)«»i, Cambodin, Toiajuin, (3c. At Achiii^ 
 Piitnim, Ti'ctx, Fort Bencouli n/i.l 'jAml'f on the 
 Illand Ju»i4fr4. Likewifeinthc Ifland Uoinco,a.iSuc- 
 ci^.mo and BundennaJJin ; and in Celebes at Mr.cr.ffcr. 
 The EngliJ}} might eafily have made themfelves 
 Maftcrsol'many other Places, as the PortugucJ. and 
 t indfli(/c/j have done, but that they always chole ra- 
 ther to carry on a peaceable and quiet Commerce 
 V'^ith the Inhabitants, than by violating the Laws of 
 Nations, to Enflave and Rob them at the fame time 
 bothof tncir Wealth and Liberty ; on which account 
 they have been every where kindly entcriam'd, and 
 picferv'J an unfpotted Reputation. 
 
 The States of llclUud, as foon as that Rcpublick 
 I WIS in a condition to fpare her Men and Ships, from 
 I 'iie defence ot the little Country they had got p,of- 
 
 fcdionof, had their F.yc on tue i'.a/l-hidiit J'tide, 
 which they wifely furefaw would exceedingly en- 
 rich themfelves, and weaken then Enemy the Spa- 
 niaid; to which purpofc they at firft endeavour'd 
 to find out a new and nearer Palliige (hiihcr by the 
 North, along the Coalfsof .Nmv.n, Lapi.wii, Si^v.i 
 ^em/i/rt and Tartmy; but their Attempts at levcrai 
 times proving unfiKcclsful ; in the Year 1515. they 
 lilted out Four SJiips, under the Command of Cor- 
 neliut Ucuimati, who having been before imploy'd 
 in the Service of \\itPortugutJei, rut only Icarnithe 
 Method of Sailing to thofe Coafts, but was alfo well 
 verfed in the manner of Trafficking. 1 hus he let 
 Stil the common way to the Cape oi Good-Hope, con- 
 tinuing liisCourfe to Madagafcnt, SanHn-Mmia, and 
 Antongil, and came to S(.»nj«r/i on the iith. ofJ;/«» 
 1596. Afrerward he palTed to iBin/im and I'libtim 
 Java-M.iji ; and alfo to the Ifliilids of Mtidma and 
 Sally ; whence returning homeward after a tedious 
 and diflicuh Voyage, arrived in Hollitnd'm tlic Month 
 of Augujl 1 597. without makinga Return of Prutitan- 
 Iwerable to the Expedation of the Merchants. How- 
 ever they were not all difcuurag'd from the like Ad- 
 ventvrcs, but rather animnted by a Profpetil of Gain ; 
 infomuch that the next Year, .U98. no lefs than 
 80 Ships fail'd out of the Ports ot Holland inA '■Zea- 
 land, cither for \he Hnjt or Weft-Indies, of which 
 Five were fent out bv the Authority of the States 
 Cicneral, under the Condud iif Bi/'W/:' Miu'Je^ -n. 
 Divers confidcrable Voyages were likcwil'e made Uy 
 Oliver ^'ordt, Ceaye Spirbcig, and Jamei I'uri K c, 
 belides other of lellcr note, undertaken at the Ex- 
 pences of private Perfons, or petty Companies of 
 Merchants of Amjierdam, Urterdum, X^ealand, Bi/i- 
 bant, &c. until the States thought fi: to unite all the 
 Adventurers into one Society, to Trade upon a com- 
 mon Stock ; freely pcrmittinn any Ptrlbns to come in 
 at faH, but prohibiting all others to Traflick, or re- 
 pair to any Harbour from the Cape of Good-Hope to 
 the Coaft of C/iiwrtforxi Years, 10 commence from 
 the xoth. of Mart/', 1602. Whereupon, within 3 
 litile while was lais'd a Fund of 6gcooo Pounds 
 Sterling, which in Six Years time was augmented 
 to near five times as much, belides a yearly Divi- 
 dend of 30 or 40, and feldom lb low as loyer Cent. 
 Thus the Hollander, having in proccfsof time fettled 
 themfelves in the moff remarkable Places of the hi:Jl- 
 lud:s, and ingrolTed aliiiofi the whole Spice Trade, 
 began to found a Commonwealth in thofe Parts, go- 
 vern'd by a Stadt-Holda , as potent as the other in 
 the NctherUndi ; although his Office, which was for- 
 merly for Life, now continues only during three 
 Years ; neverthclcfs in State and Grandeur he ex- 
 ceeds not only the Stadt-Holder of the Vnited Pro- 
 vince 1, but even mad Princes in Em ope. Indeed, 
 the Strength and Greatncfs of the Hoilnnders arc at 
 prefcnt come to fo high a pitch, as to dare to con- 
 tend with themoft powerful Monarchs of the Levant, 
 being able to put to Sea a Flett of 40 or 50 Men of 
 War, and at the fame time to maintain an Army 
 of 30000 Men on Land. For on the Coaft of Ma- 
 labar they poflcls Onor., Barcelor, Mungalor, Can/tnor, 
 Cranganot , Cochin, Coulam : On the Coaft of Corc- 
 mondel; Tuticorin, Kegapatam, f^arl^alle and Patleacate, 
 which they commonly call Gueldiia. lathe Pcnin- 
 fula, Malacca. In the Ifiand of Ceylon, Scgumbo, 
 Ciihimbo,Git'la, B.iticalf., Tiimjuimala, atvljnffhiipii- 
 tain. A Fortrefs in the Illc of Man.ir. In 3<tvit, 
 BatAvir., anciently known by the Name uf J.i.caira. 
 Fadlorys in Borneo, Celebes, and divers other Places, 
 
 befides 
 
 I' .1; 
 
 I l.^l'il 
 
 
 
88 
 
 BAST-fN'DJES. 
 
 ri 
 
 j 
 
 1. 
 
 bcfidet (be entire f cficfli«n of the i&uvi» of iim/t, 
 Amioytm and BunJa, and fevcral Forts on the A/, /tic- 
 k's, (ic. They like wile keef Fadoriesiti almoftall 
 the Trading Town* ibrouahout the whole Continenc 
 of hdtn, cndeavniiring, if it were poifible to get in 
 to iheiiHandi the Monopoly of all iiannetof Com- 
 moditin, as they have of Spice- 
 
 The Dunti and F>enth, in eniulation to other hun- 
 f(tn Kinftdomi, have likewife fought for a Share in 
 the Traffick in the Rafi-lmUet. The fornncr indeed 
 have eltablifh'd a confiderahle I'rade in the Bay of 
 BetiTdl, and on the C'oalt of Prgu ; as alfo in loine 
 iiitje Iflandi toward the South, but ate Maflets only of 
 two Placet, whereto they repair, both lying on the 
 Coaft of Coxmitidtl, vi«. I{r<ink.'l>*r and Ditnihwg. 
 The Frrm-fe in the Year 1664. eieiSed a Company 
 for the Commerce of the Htji'lndiei, wliicb having 
 fixt their chirf Relidence and Factory in the IHe 
 of M/niagir/cm, on ihcCoaft of Africa, Ihould from 
 theiKe Traffick into Vcrfu, Imlia, Chin.t, Jaf»n, Cff. 
 But they have not been able to carry on tbck Detign 
 with the cxpc(3ed Succefs, aJihoiigh ibcy flill conti- 
 nue earneftly toprolecute it, and have lately got fenM 
 Interetl in the Cfourt of the King of Siam. 
 
 Thus much in general of the Eap-Inditt. 
 
 (pTolem 
 
 'oUnf, Sit/ikii, and the other ancient tlwer-j 
 phers divided W(4 mioTwuFarn only, that 
 i«, with refpeA to the Kivcr (.tngti ■ the Weftrra 
 being Ailed Intrt, and the Eattern £xri<i Ciwrm. 
 Btit in regard that Indefttin or the Empire otthe 
 Critu-Mefiui, lie* on both lidei that River, andii 
 all fubjcSl CO one Piincc, 'twill be more proper to 
 reckon that ai oae Part. AdB the Two PtninJ'ult 
 or large Promontories, that'aunch out into the h- 
 tiinn Ocean, on each flde of the Bay of Binvnit, we 
 may reckon Two other Parts : Sothatthe Continent 
 of India is divided into Three Parts, vij^. 
 
 I. INDOSTAN or the Empiie of the Gr(4/. 
 
 Mogul. 
 
 IF. The PENINSULA rf INDIA with 
 in, or on the Weft tide the River GANGES. 
 
 III. The PENINSULA of INDIA beyond, 
 or on the Eaft fide the G A N Q E S. 
 
 Each of thefc contains many Kingdoms, as wljl 
 be (eea in the following Survey of the whole. 
 
 MO 
 
 C 
 
 
 MOGU. 
 
 Cdntrttn 
 Atiul 
 
 Ctnttur 
 lUlitui 
 
 •"In 
 
 
 C. Cantor 
 
 elKt 
 
 0.t 
 
 T 
 
 »HAT"1 
 
 nou- 
 
 ,, . i\ho\ 
 
 Country of the 
 Arpellation of i 
 tHe Original Pofll 
 "f Monarchs wh 
 'i4d Dopiinion 
 
EAST^WDIES. 
 
 99 
 
 MOGULISTAN^aNDOSTAN 
 
 , The Empire of the 
 
 GREAT MOGUL 
 
 
 Muiantcui- "• ^^ 
 
 • J tint* 
 
 ■|B»e/-<«r 
 
 "^Ik? - •^'^>''n^r 
 
 
 -'i».Jle/felmere -"'^ •'^ 
 
 R.tn« ./■**■ ^ 
 
 Tibo 
 
 INDIA or the 
 
 MOGUL'SXmpre 
 
 5.^ti£^^"-'-— ^4^^^ 
 
 
 
 ^Jaria * 
 
 
 '•fjffkan '''%„a-" rr^**"^ * I <^'*"<:^-'' •'"'■''""■' 
 
 Sorrt 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ait r Of 
 
 vV,«r>'.l/i 
 
 
 C « I >r A 
 
 
 Semhtv l 
 CtroMtnrt 
 
 j--^^-. Tux Bay 
 
 C. Comcnh 
 
 
 TH E /g AKrCE ,S r li'T".! 
 
 
 
 
 JAUrU: . 
 
 tttuHnhtin 
 
 ban 
 
 
 
 JC^/jiv/iS^ <i Jit 
 ^***" ^J^ '^'C ■**"^« 
 
 j,itint "^ — . \ .1*1 
 
 t.4mi>V'i/i 
 
 i^ J*i<ifn 
 
 ,rlon I . 
 
 •i/^ J 
 
 ^7r.;A^«ifli, ^'"••■•"'- '■ 
 
 MJd, 
 
 iva^ -j,,/^ 
 
 iiuas* 
 
 t J'yrrtt^r 
 
 I jsr n r A Tsr 
 
 »VS<rtf/rtr a 
 
 jBivtktrt 
 
 A 
 
 J", vi, ' 
 
 ^. 
 
 ConJor 
 
 Sea. 
 
 
 THAT M*,n lanJ of ^N 6 f ^, «|iich the ^Jm., l.avi Rucn IBM fllB llllllll Vf ^^0, 
 
 now compofes ihe Epipirc o{ the Grent whither from the whitcneft of ili«f *>''«'' '"'^o.'n- 
 
 \la<.ul, had formerly rhc name of panfon of the Tawncy i«i/M«/, or from the ?«lation 
 
 I\h0ST/lN or HrSOOVfSTAN, i. e. The of M5«£u/ Ta.Mr,, I cannot Determine, tor each Opi- 
 
 Countrv of the HW™.', whiA xws the general nion has i's followers. Fro n this Name, the whole 
 
 Arnellation of tbeC;<-r'V« Inhabitants, 5^-ho were Country bears the name ot M<ig«/;y^rt". 
 
 thV Original Poflcffors of it. But theprefept Race The Rounds of it arc, jM^^y on the North ; 
 
 of Monarchs who h>vc fpr iflo Years l,ft pad, the Penmfula of W.« wub.n 6.««", >n^..''"=S'a 
 
 l.4d Dopiinion here, bein^ of the T""-.. Ext »<*, called the Bay of Br«i:./ on the South ; M^-^-'|^- 
 
 ■A 
 
 m 
 
 'V 
 
 h 
 
^'b^ 
 
 
 IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-3) 
 
 1.0 
 
 111 
 
 150 
 
 1^ i^ 
 
 I.I 
 
 Km 
 
 l^ 
 
 IIM 
 
 M 
 1.8 
 
 
 1.25 
 
 1.4 1,6 
 
 
 ^ 6" 
 
 *» 
 
 Photographic 
 
 Sciences 
 
 Corporation 
 
 v 
 
 S 
 
 V 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 - % 
 
 \\ 
 
 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 
 >» 
 
 
 6^ 
 
6^ 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
$0 
 
 EASt^lNVlES. 
 
 GutiTem, or the Kingdoms of Pegu and Ava, and 
 Thibet on the Eaft ; and Perfia on the Weft ; ex- 
 tending from the loth. to the 40th. Deg.fof^oith 
 Latitude, and from the 8id. to the 1 1 jih. Deg. of 
 Longitude. The Form of the Country is almoft 
 Square, anJ contains 1 500 Miles from Eaft to Weft, 
 and I zoo from Notch to South. 
 
 In refpeA to the Heavens, it is feated under ihp 
 Third, Fourtb, Fifth and part of the Sixth Climates, 
 whereby the longell Day in the North partis i^H. 
 48 m. and in the South part 13 H. \6'm. thus the 
 South Part litj witliin the Torrid-Zone, and the o- 
 ther Parts are generally Mtcelfive Hot. But in the 
 horteft Part of the Year, the rainy Monfoons refreih 
 the Earth and cool the Air, to the very great relief 
 of the Inhabitants. For as at Sea in the Parts lying 
 between tlie Tropicks, the Winds ate periodical, and 
 blow conftantly from the fame Quarter at the fame 
 times of the Yiear, fo here at Land, the Rains 
 return conftantly at July, the reafon of thofe perio- 
 dical Winds, called Monfoons or Trade Winds, 
 has been accounted for in ourlntrodudtion, by that 
 very Judicious PhilofopherMr.fii/mwni Halley. The 
 reafon of the Periodical Rains, was attempted by 
 Mr. Btrnier from his own obfervation on the fpot ; 
 who gives us this Judgment on it ; namely, Tbeex- 
 ccifive Heat of the Sun at that Seafon of the Year 
 when thcfe Rains happen, hasthefe twoefl'efls, Firft, 
 It exhales vaft quantity of Vapour from the neigh- 
 bouring Seas, which hangs condenfed in thick 
 Clouds in the middle Region of cooler Air. And 
 Secondly, The fame Heat exhales all moifture out of 
 the Earth, and exceedingly Rarifies the Air over it : 
 Whence it moft naturally comes to pafs, that the 
 Clouds from the Sea, being driven by the Wmd over 
 the Earth, arc eafily received into this finer lefs re- 
 (ifting Air ; and ^vithal the Heat of the Earth at 
 thar time atcradting, the Clouds 4o necelfarily dif- 
 cliargc themfelics and fall in Rain. Which is con- 
 firmed by the Obfervation, that the fooner the Heat 
 l>egins, the fooner do the Kains come, and alfo that 
 the Rains begin not till fome Days of Cloudy Wea- 
 ther be paffed, whence we may infer, '^zt the Spa- 
 ces more forward that are equally rarifit 1, nmft be 
 firft filled with Cloud', which moft probabK fub- 
 mit to the force of the Wind, and fly on till they are 
 Hopped by more denfe Air, or perhaps oppofiie 
 Winds. But to proceed, 
 
 Thcfe Rams put the Earth into fo due a temper, 
 that the Plants fpring up with incredible fpeed, and 
 that in moft various forts, and delicious kinds. Rice 
 being the Corn of moft general ufe, is chiefly cul- 
 tivated, but they want not Wheat, which grows 
 plumper and finer here (fays SirTio. i^ow) than in 
 Juropt. Grafs is cut and ufed gteen, not made into 
 Hay. Their Gardens arc planted with delicious 
 Fruits, fuch as Dates, Figs, Primello's, Pomegra- 
 nates, Plantains, Tamarinds, Anana's, Brindoins, 
 Jamlio's, Cayans, Myrobolans, and others, unknown 
 in I'.urofe, as \icll as Mango's, Almonds, Coco's, 
 Oranpes and Lemons (but of thcfe laft not very 
 
 food ) the Arcck and Bctelc-Trces ; and the eaiiblc 
 loots, as Carrots, Potato's, Onions, Garlick and 
 Ginger. In Ihort, the Mould is fat and rich, and 
 produces all the neccffary and beautiful Plantt anu 
 Flowers that can be eipedcd in tbcClimate. But 
 it muft be noted, that the Land is in many Parts in- 
 cumbered with Mountains, which being of fandy 
 Soil are Steril; yet thefe have theii Excellencies in 
 yie'dirg Stones of Value, as lafper, Agat, Gra- 
 
 nates, Chryfolitcs, Amethyfls, Riibiss, and fome 
 Diamon4s. 
 
 The Roads are frequently ihaded with large tall 
 Trees, whereof many grow here, whofe Wood is of 
 much more folid Contexture than any in Europe ; 
 and one Tree efpecially remarkable, •! mean that 
 commonly called the Bannean-Tree, which fpreadi 
 it felf fo, as to make in 4 manner the whole Foreft it 
 felf i for the young Boughs bend downwjud till they 
 touch the Earth, and there takfr ftefh Root, and be. 
 come a new Tree joined to its Mother, which goei 
 on in new Plantations to innumerable Trees, alt 
 conjumft and proceeding from one Mother Root. 
 From the Palm and from the Toddy-tree, the People 
 by wounding rhe Trunk cxtrad a Juice, which if- 
 fues plentifully, and is a delicious Drink called T47 
 and Nerj, which the Women and common People 
 drink inftead of WiiK, whereof none grows in hiiiU, 
 They have the Art of Piftillation, and extraft a 
 rich Spirit from Rice called Arack, wbicfi is drank 
 by the better fort. 
 
 Cartel and wild Beafts are plentiful, as Sheep 
 who have great fat Tails ; Oxen with a great Bunch 
 on the Back ; Buffalo's v. '.ufe skin is fmooth with- 
 out Hair, thrir Flelh is not very good, but their Milk 
 is pleafanr ; Goats and Den very common, being 
 not tnclofed in Parks as here ; Elks and Antelopes 
 very flroiig and fierce ; Apes and Baboons veiy nu- 
 merous. For Service here are Alfes, Mules, Dro- 
 medaries, which are very fwift of Foot, Camels 
 and Oxen, which are generally ufed for drawing 
 Coaihes, Wagons, Pltjw, ©c they are mettlefomt 
 and adive, and will Trot at a good round rate, 
 Horfes are not Natives of this Land, but are brought 
 from I'e'jU and Ambit, and therefore highly prized, 
 and very kindly ufed, they are of curious make and 
 Coloiir, high Mettled, and ufed onlv in War and 
 Pleafure ; for want of Oats and Barley, they feed 
 them with a Corn called Oin i fomewhat like Tares, 
 which they boil and mix with Butter and Sugar, 
 Cthe Tranflator of Gimelli makes » merry Remark 
 on this, but many other Trayellers fpfakine the 
 fame thing, I believe that Remark was needlefs. ] 
 They ha>eplentyof Elephants, which growjo Years 
 and live to 1 00, in full Stature are i j Foot high, 
 yet as eaiily governed as a Horfe, except at Rutting 
 time, at which time they break out into violent tov- 
 ings. The Rhinoceros is another Creature Native 
 of this I^nd, he grows to the Stature of the latgcl' 
 fized Ox, and is covered with a Hide as tough a 
 Horn, which lies in Folds like Armour upon his 
 Back, and has in his Nofe a ftiarp ftrong Horn grow 
 ing upright. The Forefts are fiU'd with Lions,! ygcr.«. 
 Wt.jfi,, jackalls, and other wild Beads ; as alfo >cr- 
 pents of woiulcrtul Magnitude ; and the Hcufes are 
 infeftod with Lizards, Scorpions, Mofchites, G^f. 
 
 They have Fowl botli tame and wild of very ma- 
 ny kinds, and their Rivers yield excellent Fifh. 
 
 For Sale, the Land yields Cotton which is tht 
 prime and Staple Commodity, Indigo, Sugar, 0- 
 pium, Afla-Fetida, Aloes, Borax, Salt-petre, Lacqjje, 
 and other Gums ; Calfia, Camphor, Sandal-wciod, 
 Precious-ftonesj Bezoar-ftonc found in the Stomach 
 of a Goat ; the Scrpentine-ftone found in the Head 
 of a Seroent} Civet, Ginger, and other Drugs 
 All whicn tof,,.:>er with the Manufa(fiares, asCili- 
 co's and Muflings of all the fineft Sorts and Stains, 
 wrought Silks of many kinds ; Cabinets, Scritoires, 
 and other curious Wood Works very finely lacquer'd, 
 and many other pretty Toys, are Commodities that 
 
 pleale 
 
EAST^INVIES. 
 
 5>i 
 
 pleafe the World fo well, Ewopi: cfpecialJy of late 
 Years, that not only all forts of ufeful Commodities 
 are bio'ight to exchange for 'em, but even lb much 
 Silver is paid toballancc the Trade ; that fome com- 
 pute, that the greatefl Part of ilie Wealth of the 
 whole World centers in bidiii. 
 
 The PEOPLE oibidojlnn are generally handfome 
 and well made, none being crookea or dcform'd. 
 The iniiinm are of an Olive, or dark fawney Com- 
 plexion, the Moguls more fair. They are of ftrong 
 and quick Apprchcnfion, ready Wit and good Fancy, 
 jnJ ingenious in all manner of fine Miinufaftory. 
 They arc Civil to Strangers, profoundly Sobmidive 
 (0 their Governors ; Tunoiuous and Cowardly to 
 ihcir Enemies, and mean .pirited in their common 
 Aiifions ; the [{r.jnpores, I'ottini and ^-^j/joo/cj excepted, 
 who are Gniratjiois, and eftcemcd goodSfddicrs. 
 In K F.I I G ION, the M^(./'sare Mnl omet.wi, and the 
 Nacural hidiavs are I'agani. Thefe laft generally be- 
 lieve a Mctcwp'y.r ']s or Traiilinigration of Souls, 
 whence they are txtreamly fcrnp'^bis of killing any 
 living Creature, left they liillv.rb the Soul of their 
 Aiicclbr. They arc divided into many TRIBES, who 
 lonftantly Herd together and Marry in their own 
 Clans; there are 84 Tribes of them: The chief 
 ivhcreof .ire, the Br,icl}mans or Bnmines, which are 
 tlie I'nelh ; the lijijifiri-i, who are of Princely ex- 
 v}l&, and profef Arms ; the lUnians who arc Mer- 
 chants; the i{tiibctcs or Cuttcrys, who profefs Arms, 
 but live upon Rapine, ;tnd lu'.imit not to the Govern- 
 ment, theft prucnd to be thcDcfcendantsof l{:;.i\ j 
 ihereftbcing generally Mcchanicks, arc comprehend- 
 ed under the compcllacion of Hoods or l-1}l"i. All 
 ihcfe conftantly purfue the Profciliou and Trade of 
 their Family, and marry Daughters of fuch; lo that 
 a Carpenter's Son mull be a C.irpentcr, and ni.ury a 
 Carpenter's Daughter, and a Smith's Son a Smith, 
 and fo on. The M.tho»iitii?ij are Ufs ftitf here than in 
 Turi^'v, and are more civil toC/jri/ruMj ; they marry 
 fjur Wives, but the Indi.ws take but one at a time ; 
 however, thofc too make it up in Concubines, which 
 they generally keep. The Wife of the b,dia>i\ as wc 
 haveelfewherc faid, niuftbe burnt with hcrHu;:band, 
 unlefs the Governor forbids it. Thefe two People 
 are known by luiropcam, under thefe two general 
 Denominations. M00l{S MvlGU^lVnS, the former 
 being the Muhomctitm, and the latter the Pagans. 
 
 The BUILDINGS of the Com ^on-People are ge- 
 nerally low and poor,but the Publick ones in fomc of 
 the chief Cities arc very Pompous. The Materials 
 are Brick, Timber and Stone, and fonictimes Mar- 
 ble. In 'Towns of Trade they have Sheds or Bulks 
 before the Houfes, which fcrvc for Shops to fet out 
 Goods for Sale ; and they every where plant Trees 
 iboui their Houfes, which makes the Towns fccm 
 at a diftance like Forefts. The Houfes arc no: a- 
 bove two Story, and have Hat Roofs terra iVd for con- 
 Knience of receiving the Evening Air upon them. 
 The inlide Furniture is but ordinary, a Mat or Car- 
 pet on the Floor, and the Walls painted, withCu- 
 Ihionsor Pillows round about to fit crofs'd legg'd up- 
 on is all. The better fort have them in richer man- 
 ner, and have Court-yards wherein they have Tau{s 
 or Ponds of Water, which are fed from fomc di- 
 liint Well or Stream, and (haded with Trees .- this 
 with their Smrais or Entertaining-room, and their 
 Gardens they Pride themfelves in, and therefore 
 make as fine as they can. In their Vifits they are al- 
 ways prcfentcd with Betele, which we have clfcwhcre 
 'old you, is chaw'd with Pleafurc by all Indiam. 
 
 . The Diverfions are Hunting and Fowling, of both 
 which here are much Game. They TRAVEL in ill 
 built Coaches drawn by Oxen ; and the better fort 
 in P,Urtn.]m)is, which are kind of Couches carried up- 
 on Men's Soulders. The Wagons or Carts for carry- 
 ing Goods, are drawn by eight or ten Oxen, which 
 being ill built, are commonly attended by Piois a 
 fort of Soldiers, who at a fmall Pay go along with 
 Caravans to hold up the Wagon from overturning in 
 bad Way. In Travelling you muft carry Provifions, 
 for there arc no Inns upon the Road. 
 
 Their Weapons in War are Bov) and Arrow, Sword, 
 Buckler, Lance, and fometimcs Fire-Arms, but 
 thefe lafl they care not for, as too violent for their 
 Cowardly N.-ituies. A Train of Artillery attend the 
 Army, whereof fomc are very large Pieces. 
 
 The fiidiaii LANGUAGE has an Affinity with the 
 Pnfir.ti and Arabick^ biit is rcckon'd fmoother and 
 ealicr pronounced, and is alio very comprchenfivc. 
 They have a peculiar Alphabet, and write 'from Left 
 to Right. The Pofian 1 anguagc is ufed ac Cour* j 
 and the Ecclcliaflicks ufe the ^hJ'ick,. They have 
 Arljlotle and /liicen in j-lrnbu\, but fl»dy them little ; 
 being in general but indiflfcrent Scholars. Aftrology 
 is in great Repute with them ; and at Legerdemain 
 and (trargc Feats of Adivity, they arc moft won- 
 derful Ariifts. The Tricks play'd by thefe People, 
 feem to be beyond Humane Power. They take ve- 
 ry little Phyfick, and rather choofc to cure Difcafcs 
 by a flrid Regimen. They h.ivc no Clocks or Sun- 
 Dials, butmeal'ure the Time by W.iter dropt out of 
 one Velfcl into another, which a Man attends, and 
 ftrikes upon a Brafs Pan when 'tis empty. The Day 
 is divided into four Parts, and the Night into four 
 Parts. 
 
 1 he common MONEY of Mo:^H///7rtw, is the Mn- 
 mood value u. the l\p:ipie which is of the value of a- 
 bout ii.4(/.Sfc/7. grofs Sums arc reckoned by a /,«/;<•, 
 which is 1 00000 I^tipiis and a Crow, which is 100 
 Leckt', and /Ircb which is io Cioiis. There arc Gold 
 Hpiipi,'', which are of the value of ij Silver ones. 
 And P<i!" . --'s of Gold, which are the Coins of Hiij/t'a 
 o^pctt^ Kings, and vaiu'datpor tos.Stol. 
 
 ThcGOVERNMENT is Abfolute, and the King ■ 
 At^itrary, he pi .cs Lands and takes tlicm away at 
 Plcifiir, anddcckres the laws as he thinks fit, there 
 being nr Statutes but his Commands. The KING 
 appears publi.kly in his Palace twice a Diy, thefirft 
 time tor Adminiftring Juftice, and givi.jg Publick 
 Audience to his SubjecSls ; and thcfecond time which 
 is in the Evening, to give particular Audience to his 
 Omr/'hs^ and Officers, and treat on the important Af- 
 fairs of State; at both which Appearances, the Om- 
 r/ii ! are botind to attend. At the tirft, which is be- 
 fore Noon, the Elephants, fine Horfes, the Soldiery, 
 and any Cundfiiies which the Ommbs have to fliew, 
 arc made to pafs before the Kng. 
 
 This Monarch is very great both in Power and 
 Wealth, maintaining an Army of 300000 Horic, 
 and 400000 Foot, belides 3000 Elephants. 
 
 His Menial-Servants are 36000, which arc paid 
 every Month at three to ten l^oupir'a a Piece. Seve- 
 ral "Thoufands of Beafls and Birds wild and tame, 
 and 300 Elephants for his own Service, which are 
 high fedand richly harnaffed.arekept atCourt; where- 
 by he is fuppofed to expend 50000 {{oufietpn diem. 
 And his Annual Revenue is computed by Sir Tho. 
 /^»ivc, at 5 JO Millions of l^oupies. But Xhivenot 
 reckons it at, but 330 Millions of Fic"c/!i Money j 
 which (jimelli corrci^s, and Tiys he wasinform'd, 
 N 1 iha 
 
 Hli!l, 
 
 1 ■ !| prf i' 
 
 ■riH 
 
 nm 
 
 m 
 
 iilli 
 
 >^:i 
 
 m' 
 
'\ 
 
 
 29 
 
 EAST^INV^ES. 
 
 m 
 
 hU 
 
 n 
 
 I ' 
 
 i j 
 
 ihe Revenue of ibc Heiediiary Countries, befidcs the 
 Conqiicns, amounts to 800 Millions of /(.w/pjfi. His 
 Treafury is cxccflivc Rich in Money, Jewels, VelTels 
 of Gold, Amber, Agat, and other Stones, Cloath 
 of Golr, coftly Rarities, ^c. valued fays M<inrfi'/- 
 Jlc, at 1 500 Millions of Crowns, The fame Author 
 gives an Inventory of Ecliimr^a Treafury, which 'tis 
 true does not amount fo much, but he remarks that 
 he was inform d 'tis now much richer. 
 
 The Provinces are govern'd by the Omrahs, who 
 hold the fame Government but a iliort time ; Sir 
 T/;o. !{orv fays but one Year, and then return to 
 Court to give an Account of their Condudt, where 
 they are fure to bePuniflicd ifthey have not acquired 
 themlclvcs fairly. And under the Governors are two 
 forts of Judges, Civil and Criminal to Adminifter 
 Juftice to the People. 
 
 The King hai four Prnicipal Sccrctariesof State, 
 to fupcrintcnd under liim \n the four Br.inches of Go- 
 vernment J vi:{. I . The Bitgjci, who has the care of 
 the Army, and fees that the 0»i..!..j keep their Regi- 
 ments full, and pay the Soldiers duly. i. A.iciet, who 
 takes care tliatjufticc be duly Adminiftrcd by the 
 judges, and informs the King of the Adions of his 
 Minifters ; which by the way the King is very ttridt 
 in, and keeps Spies upon every Body. 9. Hhc Divan, 
 who divides the Land to the Oinrahs and other Com- 
 manders, and lees that they do not opprefs the Inha- 
 bitants. And 4. Cniifamon, who is the High Trea- 
 furer, and lays before the King every Week, an Ac- 
 count of the Income of each Province, the Week's 
 Payments, and the reft in Cafli. And in regard th.it 
 the extent of the Empire is too large to take all in at 
 own view, particular Provinces arc appointed for 
 particular Days, as Agra, Dehli and Lalm on Mcniii-.^, 
 Bengal with Pntna on H'eiitie/iia)^ Cw^crai on Thwj- 
 duy, and fo every Day except Friday, which being 
 the Sabbath no Bufiiiefs is done. To all which par- 
 ticular Audits, beliiics th» two Pn'olick daily Au- 
 
 difiires Atircng-X^ebc 
 
 ■ fail'd to attend. 
 
 The NOBILITY ci.j.y Tules, as tV ,t« or Duke, 
 K-ibnb or Lord, Mir^r.b or General, and Om,al; which 
 may becnglifli'dCok net, butfecms to have a higher 
 Dignify. But the fignificant Difliniflion, is the 
 nmibtr of Horfc wluch they have under tlicir Com- 
 mand ; the hiphcft { ot which there are but four 
 Coiiunanti 120C0. others 8, 6, "5, 4000 and Icfs, in 
 piopLirtion to tl'c Kinj^'iFavdur downto lo,thelowcft 
 of wliii li Commanders arc called Munfebilars. The 
 Troops are paid by the Oz/r ihs, who have Lands gf- 
 figucd theui to that purpofe, whirh Lands or Fiefs 
 called (iicilifn are very profitable, fomc yields a 
 Million arid iiaitot /(im; j per Amnnti, anil the very 
 largcll of all yield as mi th pa Month ; they are more 
 oriels, proportion iic 10 the Troops they Command. 
 
 Of thele OHir,:/ J. there are about 40 in number, 
 who live in grt.it State and I uxury, but can leave 
 nothing to their Family ; for at thcit Death all their 
 Eflatt: goes to the King, whence it often happens, 
 that thi^ Son of fuch a Man is little better than a 
 Bugar. 
 
 The l{ii i\ aie either 1 . Tlieconqucr'd Princcs.who 
 fubmittingro the King, havchoiiouiablePoftsin the 
 Governiiiem .Ttid attend t'.ie Court : Or 2. the petty 
 Kines who [.ay hint Tribute. 
 
 Ine K''i .J and OunrJ's keep Guard at the King's 
 Palace in theit turns, the firmer within the Forttels, 
 andthe latter in the outer Courts. The King's con- 
 ftant Guard are called Hnddies, and are about 5 or 
 6000 in number, but he has an out-guaid of 40000 
 
 Horfe. When he Trave's icccod Soldier; .ittcnd 
 him, together with a Train of as many more of 0- 
 thcrforiot Attendants. 
 
 His Scr.iyjio contains a very great niiiiiber of Wo- 
 men, 1 000 or 12C0 as reported, who are richly 
 maintained and Guarded by iiumich<;. 
 
 At the Publick Feltivals, cf thr New- Years Day. 
 and the Kini^s Birth-Day, all the Nobility and iMi- 
 aiders of State make ricii Prcfciits to rh ' Kiii;.». On 
 the Birth-Day the Kinc wigh's himfelf wiih great 
 Solemnity, in Scales of Gold aHorn'd with Dia. 
 monds ; Bales of Silk, Gold, or other rich CoTinio- 
 ditics being put in the oppofite Scale : ami when 
 'tis over, He diftributes Prrlems cf Artificial Fniir, 
 Flowers, G'c. made in (joLI, amc.ng tlie Cour- 
 riers, and an Alms among the People. 
 
 But this mighty Monarchy is not of very ancient 
 Date, for bendes the lliri.iorrs already mention'd, 
 we read in all Accounts of the ancient Srati of this 
 Country, of the I'otans a numerous Peep c that 
 pofl'elfcd Bni^z-ll, and all the Provinces of the Em- 
 
 Pirc, Eaftwardof the G.irij'-j : .nnd nioltot thcothct 
 rovinces had particular Kings til! the time of Ect^^ 
 bar, who was the Son of //omnw, whofc Father .\/i>- 
 iah Babor defcendcd from one of the Sons of the 
 Great Tiittierlanc, was the firft of the I'lUt.v Raco 
 which at prcfcnt (its on this Throne. 
 
 The HISTORY whereof in ll.ort is thus. 
 
 Wt the Death of T./i 
 
 which happened foon 
 
 after the Year 1400, Tana^y vv.is diviiicJ .imong 
 his Sons, in which Divifion Af/-tv.-t a/jc/v: ij, (ther- 
 wife called :^rlgaih.y, fell to the: Lot nt I'ir Ma- 
 homed, Son to the cidcft Son of Tame'iaiir, from 
 whom defcendcd A/.Vr^/) Br.bor • who being c.\;'el''J 
 his own Country by thcT.'/.'"',:;j his Ncirhb^i.rs, made 
 himfelf Maflcr of that part of hid'Jr-.v which Iny next 
 hiiTt,and dying in the Year i 5 5i,lcft ittei Irs SonHr- 
 ma-,en. He had VV'ar-i with his younger Brother ihat 
 confpircdagainrt him.burwas .iriirted hy thcFmfcrcr 
 of Pcifia, whofe I')aitghrcr he marrieil, and Rcign'd 
 till 1551, when dying lie left hi^ Kingdom to Ins Son. 
 lickpai , a Prince of great Valour, \Vi:ilom and 
 For'une, to whom m.-.y more properly be- imputed 
 the Foundation of the prcfcnt Mooarchy ; tor it 
 was he that extruded it to the Grandeur we n,'w Ice 
 it, by the Conqueft of Tafta, (■,.■■«.'■/»>.!, )in{ii!l , 
 Chi/oi, C.ijjliuee' , .and man\ other e-onlidcraMcKiKg- 
 doms. He died of a Poifon prepai'd for an Enemy, 
 and by millake taken by himfclf .-/. D. 1604, in 
 the 5'id. Year of his Reign : and Icftone Son named 
 S'/',; Seliw, who for rebelling againft his Father had 
 been imprifon'd for fome Years ; and now at his 
 Death fome of the great ones endeavour'd to put him 
 by.and advance hisSonf.'((i(/f'o»totheThtonc;howcvcr, 
 Sha Selim obtain'd the Crown, and took upon him- 
 felf the Name cf "Jchav-Guirr, or as it is corruptly 
 written J'^ni.'/'fei: But as he had been an unnatural 
 and ungrateful Rebel to his Father, he was now paid 
 in his kind, and his Rcigii was full cf Dtfturbance!, 
 His eldeit Son CiiJJerco began his Confpiracics with 
 his Father's Reign, and in a little time apprar'd sr 
 the Head of an Army againft him, but was defeated, 
 and imprifon'd the reft of hii Life. After that his 
 third Son Curroctir, having had Succcis in the Con- 
 queft of Ocean, and by that means obtain'd an 
 Efteem in the Army, his Ambition promp'cd him to 
 fct up for himlcif ; accordingly he declar'u War, 
 and fought a long and hazardous Battle with the 
 Emperor's Army, but was at iaft defeated and forced 
 
 to 
 
 to fly*. Soo 
 
 count of Ne 
 
 whom he w 
 
 govern him 
 
 which gave 
 
 anc! mac'e th 
 
 from thi< ai 
 
 fci?edboth I 
 
 itiiffof Amci: 
 
 madeelcape; 
 
 ihcmfclves wi 
 
 had been kill 
 
 being dead, 
 
 (liiifc'i Sons. 
 
 ar.d J e!'!iti- Gil I 
 
 tin Bullxin thi 
 
 he W.1S oppof( 
 
 whn prctendei 
 
 Shnjii, to w! 
 
 But file was f 
 
 committed to 
 
 out •• and next 
 
 Ciior.cnr, wl 
 
 Expedition ag 
 and caiifed hin 
 Name of ,?/•<- 
 fclf on the Thi 
 /';', the Sons o 
 the Blood, whc 
 cf ylfr.ph-Chan, 
 nwffrarion in th 
 liicrcd I y Villai 
 afeendcd the Tl 
 fain to be very t 
 dearorr by mil 
 the Minds of hi: 
 .He was kepi tin 
 ■'■•, who was c 
 perorof Peiii,i a 
 i'fcofif(\cafio 
 'he Rcipnrf S! r 
 to the People, tl 
 'he .Ambition of 
 fjur or five Yea 
 ^' ^ Su!ian <■/// 
 Who wUcu tlv, 
 bincMtlic:r F.irl'i 
 rreveur MifehK 
 them Governor 
 Empire, ih^ cK 
 Coxf.t But in 
 intoaSiekiiels, 
 hisPerfoii, occal 
 which coil iiig 
 lyesch let forw; 
 and pi Ih for rli, 
 and was hrfl del 
 berry. w«,c,;;- 
 t!on, ard woiihi 
 therefore joined 
 fl.K^'e, aini wit 
 dell, whofe Ar.i 
 file of ./;;,/, an 
 But as foon a: 
 V^e threw off . 
 whom he had en 
 'lie eafier dcf at 
 Jeavoiir'd to ma 
 of Allien^- Tcbr^ 
 
 and hunted abo'u 
 
E AS 1-lN'D 1 ES. 
 
 to fly. Soofl after a Civil Dilfcution happeii'd onAc- 
 count of Ncurmahel, one of ihc Emperor s Wives, 
 whom he was exceeding fond ot, .ind perniittej to 
 govern him and the Empire jnft as fhe pleafcdj 
 which gave great DifgiiO to the Miniflcrs of State, 
 anci mai'c them raife an Anny to fepaiate the King 
 from till' arbitrary Woman. And in ciTcdl they 
 fci zed both him and her. but at the Emperor's Pro- 
 miR' of Amendment relcafcd Her, and foon after He 
 made cfcape ; fo that the Lords for their fafety [oined 
 thcmrdviS with Cii^ooMf, In whom rH//i:roi inPrilon 
 hail liccn killed, and I'etvis the fecond Brother 
 being dead, Ctimone wis now the cldcft of JrlMit' 
 (uii'c'i Sons. Thefe iVlisfortiincs broke his Heart, 
 ir.dJi-1'.i'i-Giiiic liied in the Year 1627. naming Snl- 
 tin Biillxi': the Son of Culjcnio for his Succcflbi . But 
 he w.is oppofcd, ftrlt by the ambitious Hmrm/thc/, 
 who pretended to fet up the fourth Brother Sultan 
 Shnj'ii, to whom ihe had married her Daughter. 
 But flic was fbon defeated by Bulluchi, and Sherjar 
 committed to clofc Imprilonmerit, and his Eyes put 
 out •■ and next by 
 
 Cunr.cnr, who during the abfence of Bcllcchiin his 
 ExreHition againft Sheij.ir, pot poileiFion of ^^ra^ 
 and raiifcd himfclf to be proclaimed Emperor by the 
 Name of Shr-.-jcr.-.n • and foon after contirm'd him- 
 fclf en the Throne by the Deaths of Bultocbl, Shcr- 
 j/i', the Sens of I'nvis, and all the other Princes of 
 the Bldoii, whom by the Affiftance and Contrivance 
 of /Ifr.pl-cl-m, the Infhument of all the Male ad- 
 niiftrarion in the late Rei^n, he caufed to be mur- 
 ihcrcd I y Villains in the Caille of Lahor. But as he 
 afccntied the Thrcnc by thefe bloody Steps he was 
 fain to be very cautious in his Government, and cn- 
 dcavoir by mild and gentle treatment, to fwecten 
 the Minds of his Subjects and keep thciTi firm to him. 
 .He was kepi the more in awe by a counterfeit Bullo- 
 :■'•!, who was chcrilhed and entertain'd by the Em- 
 peror of Pcili.i as the true one, and rcaJyto be made 
 vfc of if (\cafion offer'd. So that upon the whole, 
 the Reipn c{ Si /■-Jrl:/tn',wa'i very peaceable and happy 
 ;o the People, till the latter end of it ; when through 
 liic Ambition of hi^ Sons, there wore bloody Wars for 
 four or five Ycaf. Sh.i-jeh.in had four Sons, Oarn- 
 ^'■-i, Sultan f///.i/', /Uhrvjr-'^cic, and .Word./ S.<c/^/'f : 
 Who when thoy grew up, manifeftcd the fame Am- 
 bition tliciv r.iflicr had been guilty of; ^vhercforcto 
 rtivinr Mil. Imf lie fcpararcd them, by appointing 
 thim Goveiiiois if Proviinis at diftant Parts of the 
 Empire, ihu eUicft only being allow'd to tarry at 
 Const Rutin thcYear 165^. the Emperor falling 
 iiitii a .Sickncfs, tf.it (ibli[_;<d him tn deny accefs to 
 his Perfon, occalinm-i! ;i S'..lpirii>n ihrit he was dead; 
 which mil iiig to thi- I'rinccs Ears, ihey immediate- 
 ly each let forward to oppofc iliiir lilder Brother, 
 and pi Ih for tin Crown : Sultan !>uif.h arriv'd firll 
 and was hrft dcfcarcil, bnccfap'd with Life and Li- 
 berty. t^wetl•^-'^^i•c pretend that he had no Ambi- 
 tion, and would content hinilelf \< ith a private Life, 
 thctcfore joined with his younger Hioihcr Morud- 
 h.-ickjc, and with hint ii;irt h d a};ain(l D<;ivithe el- 
 dclt, whofi' Anry ihey i!i:feai<d, and fcizcd the Ca- 
 iHe of .7;; ,1, and the Perlon ot the liiiipcm^ 
 
 Biitasfoon as he liai.! di nc his Buliml.s, .iuniig- 
 \fbe threw otf the Ma^k and feiz'd Min,ui-lliicl{l;c, 
 whom he had only made a property of, that he might 
 the eaficr def at Ona. who lied to (;.•..-(•'.:.■, and cn- 
 deavour'd to make Hf .id ag.iin, bur by the .Subtilty 
 of W/irfK^-Y/"-, be was tlefoated in all his Deligns, 
 and hunted about from Place to I'lacc, till at iaft he 
 
 ^3 
 
 fell into the Toil, and was delivered to hiin ; And 
 having expos'd him to view all ovtr/f(/M,hcfent hint 
 Prifoner to Gti-tircr, where MirnA-'H.ukhe was alio 
 confin'd : and fcon after even hUimud the eldeft 
 Son of AuTeng-:!!j:he, was committed to the lame 
 Place. This Yoiuig Gentleman was a Pctfon of great 
 Bravery, and had been fucccfsful infcizing theCalHc 
 of /igra for his Father, and in an Adlion againft his 
 Uncle Stijnij ; and as fome write, had Ihcwed his 
 Fidelity, in refuting very advamagio.is offers his 
 Grandfather made him when he feizcd the Cadle. 
 But whether he had really Ambitious! hoiights after- 
 wards as his Father fuggcllcd, or whether tlicScr- 
 \ices he had perfotni'd, were too threat to be. 
 paid to a jealous Prince, and created in the Father 
 a Sufpicion only, that he might poifibly make an ill 
 ufe, of the Reputation and Interelt he had in the 
 Army, as is by others allcdgcd ; '^ii,cvg-:s^cbe\n ^ 
 Letter which fell into Mnhmud's h.inds, eiprefs'd 
 himfclf difpleafed with his Son's Conduct : Which 
 fo ftartled him, that he fled for Safety to Ins Uncle 
 %'.»/', who was retir'd to Bengal. To him he of- 
 fered his Service, but upon his Father's Proniifc of 
 Pardon, and aifurancc of Favour, he was fiion 
 drawn off; And when he rcturn'd committed clofc 
 Prifoner. Sultan Stijah the elder Brother, rnd on- 
 ly furviving Competitor with /ttircng-:yU, was 
 fo diltreffed, that he was forc'd to fly to ylrri-.can:^ 
 where he received not the Entertainment he ex- 
 pelled , and endeavouring to revenge himfclf, 
 loll his Life. And finally, the Son of Dara the 
 cldeft Brother, being alfo taken Prifoner ; /luren^- 
 \cbe demanded the Invcftiture of the Government, 
 and required the Oaths and Homage of the Ommhs 
 as ulual. But wasoppofcd in it by the C'/idi or High- 
 Prieft, which being a difficulty neceffary to be re- 
 moved, he fummon'd a fort of Council of the Do- 
 (ftorsof the Law, to whom he propofcd the Legality 
 of hisafcending the Throne, and vindicated his own 
 Condudk ; alledging his Brothers were, one a Fa- 
 vourer of Infidels, another a Drunkard, and another 
 a Kerctick, and his Father by Age and Infirmities in- 
 capable of Governing : But that hiiuftlf had been 
 always a tttid: Obfcrver of the Law, and had in- 
 tended to have turn d Hermit, if the Ambition of 
 his Brothers had not raifed luh Feuds in the King- 
 dom, as oblig'd him to quit his Retirement, and af- 
 (ift in rcftoring the Publick Peace. Thtfe fcrv'd for 
 Reafons, as his Power was the motive, to the Cafuifls 
 to agree that he dcferved the Crown, and ought now 
 to have it altho' his Father were yet alive. Which 
 ji'dgmcnt giving a plaufible pretext to the removal of 
 the obftinate (.'rti;,ihe other who was advanc'd to his 
 Placc.madc no oppofition, and he was accordinglyln- 
 augurated on the 20th of Odrlir. 1660. at Deify, 
 where on the Throne of Ttimcrlr.i", the richeft in the 
 World, he received the Homage of the V^,t;,»/,'/, Oin- 
 riibs, and Miniftcrs of State, according to the Cii- 
 ftom of the Country. As he had always profefled 
 a great deal of Sandlity , he did nor forgo it when he 
 was on the Throne, but as a fort of^cxpiation r ' 
 his Crimes, impoled upon himfelf a great Abfti- 
 nence and IhriClncCs of Life, his Food being chiefly 
 Rice, Herbs and Piilfe. His Hours were rnnflantly 
 employ 'd in the Offices of Government or Religion, 
 and but a very few of thrra in Sleep. 
 
 This great Prince Amen^-X^che, having reigned 
 niar 47 Years after his Inauguration, or in the 5 iff. 
 Year of his Reign, as the common Accounts run, 
 who I fuppofe reckon from bis firft afTuming the Go- 
 
 \ctnment 
 
 
 m 
 
 I !.!;•! 
 
 .1 ?i! ! m 
 
 mm, 
 
 liO 
 
 l!*:?i' 
 
 mm. 
 w 
 
 I 1 «: iLw 
 
 
54- 
 
 EASr^l'N'DlES. 
 
 \ i' 
 
 a 
 
 r 
 
 i I 
 
 
 It 
 
 i 
 
 
 vernment, departed this Life on the id. M/irch 1707. 
 New Stile, or as other Accounts fay in the middle 
 of Vebru.try, perhaps reckoning by Old Stile, in the 
 9 1 ft. Year of his Age. He was a Prince of great 
 Sagacity, Courage, and Induftry. He was a perftft 
 Matter of the Art of Government, and with fo great 
 Skill exeicifed his Power, that without the cruel 
 Punifluncnts fo ufual in former Reigns, he wasal le 
 to keep in awe the moft powerful l{njni, Sevagy ex- 
 cepted. He was almoft continually at Wars, in the 
 Conqueft of the Southern Kingdoms, adjoining 
 to tliofe he inherited, and by his Arms made the 
 Wealthy King of Gr'.condA, notwithftanding his great 
 Armies and itrong Fortifications, his Prifoner. De- 
 c/t», ViJ.ipor and Conara, were Icfs able to rclift his 
 Force, as being govern'd by Princes lefs powerful 
 than he of Golconda ; and therefore where Scvugy 
 with his liniliootes in inaccifliblc Mountains did not 
 oppofc, he fubjeded all before him. This continual 
 War kept him almoft continually in the Field, efpe- 
 cially in his latter days ; wherein he refided fo much 
 in the Camp, that he was fcldom fcen at /Ig-'a. His 
 Application in the Offices of Government was ex- 
 ceeding great, which is teftificd by Gimelii, when 
 he afliircs iisthac He not only daily appeared twice 
 in Publick ; that is, in the Morning to Adminillcr 
 Juftice to all Clients, anJ in the Afternoon to give 
 Audience and Orders to the Omr/:/)/, but alfo ato- 
 thcr Hours, attended the dail; Audits of his Se- 
 cretaries and Trcafurers. He affcfced an Air of 
 Sanctity, and by his frequent Devotion, wasthought 
 worthy of Samtlhip ; he appeared indulgent to his 
 Minifters of State, whence the ufual Cruelties were 
 wholly laid afide, but as he was Politick and kept 
 his Spies every where, 'twas fuppofed that Indul- 
 gence was only for the fake of endearing tothem his 
 Government, for when he pleafed he pull'd down the 
 biggeft Officer : Which yet he never chofe to do in 
 that Arbitrary manner his Anceftors ufed, butcon- 
 triv'd to let it be fecn to be the Punilhment of the 
 Crimes, which the Emperors Indulgence too much 
 led the Statefmen into. In fliort, were it not for 
 the Cruelties he committed in afcending the Throne, 
 he might pafs for a Wife and Virtuous Prince ; and 
 even the Viliany of thofe will be much alleviated, 
 if we conlider the cruel Cuftom of that Court, where 
 the Brother that is on the Throne, never fails to put 
 to Death, Blind, or Imprifon all his Father's other 
 Children ; and therefore the natural Principal of 
 Self-defence, puts every Brother upon pulhing for 
 the Throne. 
 
 In his Perfon (as we are told by Gimelii, who faw 
 him in the Y«ar 1695,) he was low of Stature, 
 llcndcr and ftooping with Ape, his Complexion 
 Olive Colour, his Nofe large, his Beard round and 
 white, he leaned on a Staff, buthisSipht was fo good, 
 that he cndorfed the anfwers to Petitions, with his 
 own Hand wi;ho;it uiing Spedtacles ; and appear'd 
 in his difpatch of Publick Bufinefs, with a chearful 
 and fmiling Countenance. 
 
 He left Four Sons, namely, 1. Scla-Alam or Shavt- 
 Alem, as others write it. z. A-^im-Scia or A^-{um- 
 Sbfixe. 3. Eckpur. 4. CditncBux. Of the Three 
 elder we have this Account from Gimelii, vi:^. Scia- 
 AUm had entcrtain'd thoughts ofdeftroying hisFather, 
 and proceeded fo far, as to caufe a Pit to be dug 
 near the King's Tenr, which Hi ghtly covered over, 
 woi'ld have let him in as he palled on ■ hut it was 
 difcovcr'd, and the impious Son, alrho' then near 
 f>a Years of Age, was committed to a dark Prifon; 
 
 he lay there fix Years, and perhaps had not been per- 
 mitted to have lived fo long, but that he w.is ihf. 
 Darling of the Soldiery, of whom manyThouramis 
 publickly declared thcmfelves lb much his Fiunris, 
 that they refufed the Emperor's Pay during his la 
 prifonmcnr, and contented thcmfelves with thenicaii 
 Stipends, the Prince was able fa aflbrd them ; lie 
 was in 169V (then juft rclea fed from his Imprifon- 
 inent ) 6^ Years of Age, tall and full Bodied, witii 
 a thick long Beard which began to be grey, and 
 appeared very rcrpedlful to his Father, wr^i/.. 
 Scin, who was at tliat time ',5 Years old, had pro- 
 ceeded fo lar againft his Father, that he joined with 
 the King of fijiapcr m his Waisagawift him. -i';.'j/. 
 of more ambitious Temper than the rclt, being fni; 
 in the Yea.' i68c. with an Army of 30000 Men, 
 to makL War on Hiija-Liji.nte, who Borders on the 
 Kingdom of BijnJo ; inftead of fubduitig him, M- 
 fered himfclf to be brought over to his Party, and 
 prompted by his Ambition, joined his Army to the 
 ^ijn's, and marched againit his Father. The Army 
 thus j lined, amounted to 7CO00 Horfc, and propor- 
 tionable number of Font, wliiih being fupcricr to 
 the Army the Emperor had then with liiin, the olj 
 Man applied himfelf to this Stratagcin fur Rtlief. 
 The l{jjn and all his Subjcdts were CnuH.-s, who 
 mortally hate the Mithomci.tm, as thofe do tliem .- 
 The King therefore wrote a Letter to his Son, thank- 
 ing him and commenuing his Conduft, fir drawing 
 the Infidels according to agreement to that Place to 
 be all cut off, and appointed hiin to advance ro Mar- 
 row to put it in Execution, this Letter he fentby 
 a truHy tumich, ordering the matter fo that it lliouli 
 be intercepted, which fell uut accordingly, and bred 
 fuch a J ^'.miic in the H^nji, that alL/V^ij Qjths 
 woiilJ not convince him it was a Trick of his Fa- 
 ther's. Se that the King had time to receive his Re- 
 inforcements; and fetting upon the Enemy Defeated 
 them. Akpar (hifted aboiit from Place to Place, but 
 could not be fafe from his Father'sRevenge,and there- 
 fore retired to I'eijia, where he was entertained at 
 Court, and lived there in i6<)\ being then about +5 
 Years of Age ; and the Accounts that bring us advice 
 of Wwrw^-^f/'e's Death, tell us he is ftill there. The 
 voungeft Son is by Cimelli nam'd Sii{it>i<lei, of 30 
 Years of Age, infetilcd like the rilt with Am- 
 bition, but whether Siknnder be Dead and another 
 fprung up in his Place, or whether the late Accounts 
 miftake his Name I cannot determine ; for thofe 
 Accounts tell us, that the youngelt Son is named 
 Cf.rfne-Biix, and being his Fathers Darling, A:irrng- 
 \el!e in his Life time, put him in Polle.iion of all 
 the Countries himfelf had conquer'd, namely Go!- 
 condn, I'ifidpor and Cmr.rn, whith all lie contiguous 
 on the South of Mo^ullJInn. 
 
 Upon the Emperor's Death, the Second Brother 
 A^r.w-Sci.i took upon himfelf the Title of Kini;, 
 but his elder Brother Scir-AUni fentan Army againit 
 him, and pave him Battle near ,/i;i (J, wherein ./{i"'- 
 Sci.i and his two Sons were Slain, and his Army 
 Defeated ; there f e 1 on both fides 80 Omitths, and 
 above 100 Thoufand Men. But Cnwne-'Hiix the 
 youngeft Son, being as we have faid in Poffellinn of 
 Gokond.t, G/c. Scin-AUm could not but look im him 
 as a Competitor for the Empire, efpecially lince he 
 was joyned by one of the moft powerful O mah, as 
 alf) by Hjja H.im,M the Succtlfor of 5"!' 7_:;», and 
 therefore not thinking himfelf fafe in the Throne, He 
 was in September 1707. { when tb''f' Letters cam,: 
 away, ) marching with a formida. Army againit 
 them. A 
 
EjfST-lN'DIES. 
 
 ^Sv 
 
 
 A TABLE of the Provincci of MOGVLISTJN, with the Chief Cities and 
 Remarkable Places in each i in Order as they ftand in the following Defcription. 
 
 AG 
 
 RA. J 
 
 ^gra. Capital. 
 
 Fettiptre, 
 
 Sumonger, 
 J Doulpore, 
 J Byana, 
 I ScitnHerliaii, 
 
 DELLY. Del//. 
 
 CJenufgr, 
 \.K.<S 
 
 JENUPAR.^j>nW, 
 
 (JImaJftrp 
 
 I 
 
 PENGAB 
 
 or 
 
 LAHOR. 
 
 CASSIME 
 
 RE. I 
 
 ' Labor, 
 ^Fett/pore, or 
 FettjabaH, 
 ^Temmeryy 
 ' Emenliade. 
 
 Cajfimtre, 
 Syrentilici, 
 Achiavel, 
 S/indbrary, 
 
 (Attock,^ 
 ATTOCK. <C.indab.tra, 
 iPuckpxe, &c. 
 
 CABUL{S2/.&.. 
 
 (Multnn, 
 MULT AN. ^Atica«, 
 iSeerport. 
 
 CANDAHARA. Cnndolwa. 
 
 HAIAKAN.Sr* 
 ( Bucltor, 
 
 BUCKCR.<WK 
 
 ll^nrvreei 
 HENDOWKS. {JSr* 
 JESSELMERE. ^w«,«.r. * 
 
 '^^^-^-ilTr 
 
 TA 
 S 
 
 _ t Tatta, 
 
 *.TTA oriSindi, 
 INDA }LouTebtinder, 
 ■ I Diul. 
 
 CUZURAT. 
 CAMBAIA. 
 
 JurifdUlkn of 
 3ASAIM. 
 
 Suratt, 
 
 Cttmbayit, 
 
 Amadabat,, 
 
 Baroeh, 
 
 Brodra, 
 
 Pate, 
 
 Hagtaporf, 
 Mnngerol, 
 Jatfuttla 
 
 Pio M. 
 
 • Ba/aim, 
 I Bombaya I/l. 
 'Caturin Ifl, 
 JCaranio 10. 
 . Eltfktuitino Ifl, 
 
 . Chittr, 
 
 CHITOR. >237' 
 
 }Hudre, 
 . Budrtfore. 
 
 \ Hantipore, 
 M A L V A Y. <CaUetda. Mando, 
 (Syrang/r, 
 \f<ader. 
 
 Raja iQurchito, 
 
 R A N A S. ICnndera. 
 
 r Adfmere, 
 BAN DO. \Goday, 
 XJ clour. 
 
 GUALEOR. Guatm, 
 NARVAR.& 
 
 ■Sambal, 
 'aran. 
 
 SAMBAL..J, ; 
 
 B A C A R Bieimor, 
 JAMBA. Jamba. 
 
 NAUGRACUT. 4 ^'"I'S'""'', 
 ^tallamacba, 
 
 BANKISH. Bei/hur. 
 SIBA. Hardmre. 
 
 G O R. Cor. 
 
 K A Nop AN A. Kor^kntaka, 
 
 •,.»■ 
 
 ny 
 
 'mi 
 
 ,"i -I 
 
 M 
 
 PITAN 
 
ill 
 
 I' j.ii 
 
 ;1 
 
 I 
 
 w: I 
 
 II W 
 
 >^ 
 
 B/IST'^INT>IBS. 
 
 PITAN. 
 
 PATNA. 
 
 Pitan. 
 P*ttta', 
 
 ODESSA, iffi-. 
 
 JESSUAL. 
 
 M 
 
 E V rt X . Xsiavagur, 
 
 rf^fjapnrr, 
 
 )Sui^i-.- or 'jolmttbad, 
 \Biinktletle, 
 IMnffet, ' ! 
 
 m^ipore. 
 
 BENGAL divided' 
 into four_ Govern- 
 ments. 
 
 'I. Bengal Proper,(»OultJfer, 
 
 or Jaganet. 
 'l. Pat una, 
 'j. EUbaf, ot Heliob'fi, 
 • 4. Pthtop. 
 
 Tfae chief Citi«i of the wbplf ; 
 
 Ueliebafi or 
 Bannarei, 
 
 Srtfferon, 
 
 Soumelpoie, 
 
 Pr»y0, 
 
 Caffmbt:^ary 
 HpjomaM, 
 Dacca, 
 Saiigan, 
 • Chutigan or P< 
 
 Pf.ttana, 
 
 Goifra, 
 
 Malda, 
 
 /trjcpore, 
 Pipdy, 
 
 
 jore, 
 liuguely ot Ouguely, 
 BaUaJore, 
 BeugU, 
 Angtlim. 
 
 ORIXA. 
 
 SyCrtr/ipnya, 
 
 
 
 J Mumtnpalnm, 
 *^ Palkor, 
 
 BERAR. 
 
 Schapor. 
 
 CHANDIS 
 
 r- Br^mpore, 
 \ Hapra, 
 
 PortC'tna' 
 
 ,) ^Tautmere,^ 
 
 BRAMPORE. J-'Hondoue, 
 
 .CamifySK' • .• 
 
 BALLAGATE.^SX*'^^' 
 
 TELENGA. BeJer. 
 
 BALANGA. MouU^. 
 
 AGRA, which feme call Indojlan by way of Ex- 
 t.ellencc, as being the principal Kingdom of the Em- 
 pire, is featedj)etween the 17th and the jothDeg.of 
 latitude, and between the 97th and loj Deg. of 
 Longitude ; bounded on the North by DeXy ; on the 
 South by GunUor and Mattcny ; on the Eaft by Satnbat 
 and Satiar; and on the Weft by Bindo; It is wa- 
 tered by the large River Semena, which runs crofs 
 the Kingdom, receiving in its way the Tthemhel, a 
 River (chough much fmaJJer than tnatj reckoned as 
 large as the Tiames at London. Thefe two Streams 
 witcr the I and, and make the Soil Fertil in Oranges, 
 Lenimons, and many other Fruits ; great plenty of 
 Rice, and eii^ecully Cotton and Indigo. 
 
 /IG!{/I, the Metropolis of the Kingdom and ofthe 
 whole Empire, feated on the Kiv^t Sqmenii, about 6a 
 ^k» above its Confluence with the Tihemlie/, in xh 
 2$th Qcg. of I^t. is now reckoned the larged and 
 tnoft populoua City in India, being nine Milei in 
 Length, built in form of a Half-Moon, along the 
 Banks of the Rivu ; Authors fpeak of its Antiquity, 
 and inake it founded by Bicclms, and called Dyonifia 
 afterwards Hegnra. ; or, as others, Cyrm built it, and 
 gave it the Name of Agradami j but according to 
 Hackiuyt, the Name of Agra was given it by the rn. 
 tars, and the Stnidlure much more Modern : at leail 
 thus much is certain, that it was but a fmall inconlidc- 
 rable place before the Year 1 566. when the Emperor 
 Eck^b-^ chofc it for his place of Refidence, called it 
 Eclifrar-nhitr, and built a Palace of Stone, fo very 
 nob e, that Father To/j thinks it defervcs to be ranked 
 With the Wonders ofthe World ; it is four Miles in 
 Compals.and contains within it the Courts of Judica- 
 ture, 0. . It is furrounded with a Wall of Stone and 
 a Ditrh, over which are two Draw-bridges at the 
 two Gates. We have not room to defgribe the Mag- 
 nificence of this i'alace, bin muft refer the Readtr 
 10 Herben, JavernieriniBirnier, for more particular 
 Accounts of it ; the Nobility have itately Houfoj, 
 contiguous to the Palace, of Brick, or Stone wherN 
 of there are large Quarries of a very beautiful fort, 
 not far from Agra: The Caravanfcray's, which arc 
 6c in number, are very large, and nobly Biiilr, ftire 
 of them have lix large Courts, with their Portico'i, 
 that give entry to very commodious .Apartments 
 for Strangers, 800 publick Baths are in this City, 
 and a great Number of Mofqiifs, which are San- 
 (fluanes. The City is not walled, and only moated 
 round, it is a Place of g eat Traftick, beingrefortcd 
 to by Merchants from Cxina, Perfia, all parrs if 
 India, and by the Engt'/h and Dutch : Our Natio;i 
 wereiifed to maintain a Fadlory there, but the long 
 difiance from ^urat (being above 600 Miles) andtlic 
 Hazards and Difficulties they underwent in palling 
 through the Countries of many H^'jas and H^iiboom 
 has made thtm withdraw that, though they ftili 
 maintain a Trade thither. Over againll /Igra on the 
 other fide the River (tanda Srcntulra,^ ftately Town, or 
 rather Suburbs to the City, adorned with many fine 
 Building',, curious Gardens, and cfpccially the Mag- 
 nificent Tombs of Eckbar, and the Queen of a fuc- 
 ceeding Emperor. G.han-guire caufcd ro be built a 
 ftately Tomb in Honour to his Father l-.c^hnr, vvhicli 
 furpafles in Magnificence all ttiof*: of the Grand 
 Seigniors. Bur e^cn that is much furpafTed I y ihc 
 Tomb that Sh- Ccl i" built for his Wife Tdi.-MeU . 
 whereof Bernei has given us a particular Ucfcriptioii, 
 but 'tis tob large rniiucrt here, and therefore 1 Ihall 
 only Tranfcribe Ti'cvrnot's general ai'coum of it, ;■: 
 The King 'tnr for all the able Arcluteifls of bidi\ 
 fetticd Salaries upon them, and ordered thim to make 
 the finelt M:\ufolci.im in the World, which ihey per- 
 formed to !! s Saristaction. The ftately CiarJcnuito 
 which all the par::> oftheMaufoleumare diftributed, 
 the great Pavilions with their Frqntf, the beautiful 
 Porches.the lort\ Pome that covers theTomb.the right 
 difpofition of it's Pillars, the Arches which fuppoti a 
 great many Galleries, Pia^ja's and T^rraffes, ihew the 
 Indians are not unskilful in Architedkurc .And though 
 the Orders be difftrciir frointhe Ancient GmuK, it i* 
 not without Symetry, a Noble Beauty, and aparcn. 
 Magt^ificencc. 
 
 ■■irchcs, ftately 
 great Hall of Au 
 at Solemn rime 
 Throne, comino 
 deed made by SI 
 of Mair> Gold, 
 Diamonds, the 
 furrounded with 
 large Peacocks 
 Diamonds, Pear 
 fet with precious 
 cording to Natui 
 but with what A 
 as 3 Pear hangs 
 who fjw it, mem 
 'tis faid, coft fou 
 near five Million 
 the Falacc, lye t- 
 four others lead 
 fi*telyF.ibrick, ar 
 every Friday. 
 «d with Arched 
 at ^gr^, ferve foi 
 built by the Dau 
 Strudlure, 'tis a ' 
 Arches, which It, 
 jiavc over them 
 Chambers, for th 
 is about eight J 
 cd with Biick-W; 
 Suburb, and the 1 
 
 Not 
 
The Empire of the Great Mogul. 
 
 91 
 
 Kotfarfrom /4[ijirtflaiKls Feitijiore, whicluhe fame 
 F.ck,l''tr tounded, and built in it miivyfiatcly Stru- 
 durcs, intending to have made it outvie all others, 
 but the Water proved u; wholloui, and forced him to 
 leave it. Sitn. >i/rer, a Village on the South of w^r/;, 
 ii famous for the Battle between /J<i' r. and /In ■ng. 
 Z^ibc. Onu-hnrr, oixihel^lfnih-i, is a Place of incre- 
 dible Strength. Byan/i, formerly a large and fair 
 City, isnow ruined, but ftill ijivi'S Name to a Coun- 
 try of 50 Miles CircumfcrctKc. Scandei OaJ, not far 
 from ir, is fuppoU'd to have been founded by /i/tx' 
 f.ijdci. Itity, leatcd on the 5;'/ii'« , iooMile3 Eaft 
 from ^git, wa-. formerly the Seat of the Votim 
 Kings but now in a ruined (tare, except the Caftle 
 which if andson a higli precipitous Mountain, and is 
 fortified with a double Wall. 
 
 On the North-Weft of /l^r/i^ lies the Province 
 of D R 1. 1. T, denominated from its chief City, 
 which (tandiiip in a purer Air, tempted the Emperor 
 S'l-i-Jcl-nn, Father to /tu'tng-X^cbe, to buiK! a Ifattly 
 I'alace "nd new Cit) there, ivliich fnm him is de- 
 nominat iX'^ch/in-nbnii^ i. e. the Ciiy of y./'i.Ti,, fe.ited 
 on the River 5e>/"w<», about iio Miles above -jZ'Oi 
 the Road all that way being (haded with Trees, 
 planted by Jch.DiGiiirc, and makes a Walk of 150 
 leagues in Icnptli. (being continued as far as Lai.o ) 
 andisoi.ciji the Place* where the Grear \fo^ii! re- 
 fiJc. The Palace, wliuh K?i«;>r, calls the F'lrtrcfs, 
 is about two Miles in v^cimpafs. being a Semicircle 
 dciivtd f.om thi River, witu a fnir Plain before it. 
 At the Entry ftaiid two virj '.irgeitatucsof Elephants, 
 with two famous J{tij 's i.pon ihcn, and for\A ard on, 
 is aver' large Sirtct, with ;i nobk < .1 nil in th. Mid- 
 dle, and beyond that the lar;;e Coutt>, wherein the 
 Elephants, hneHorfc^, Soldiery, :ind other uriofities 
 pafs before the King ever) Day, and where 'he /<.'/.i's 
 keep guard. Next Jic many Offices of Minil'c 3 of 
 State, and Courts of judicat'-.tc, many Porr.:;"is, 
 .\rches, ftately Halls, but efpccially the Amk-^ or 
 jreatHillof Audience, wherein the King appears 
 at Solemn times, featcd on his excefli c rich 
 Throne, commonly called I'.imerlans, but was in- 
 deed made by Sha-'Jehan ; it llandu upon fix pillars 
 of MalTy Gold, fer with Rubies, Hiiicraulds and 
 Diamonds, the Canopy is let with Diamonds, and 
 furrounHed with a Fringe of Pearl, an. I over it two 
 large Peacocks of enamelled Gold, covered xvith 
 Diamonds, Pearls or other Stones, wliofe Tails are 
 fet vviih precious Stones of the rcfpcdtn c colours ac- 
 cording to Nature, and make a moft charming (ipht; 
 but with what Authority Gfr,i > fays, a Pearl a.s 1 ig 
 as a Pear hangs at the Brcaft, I know not ; /).••«/;•/• 
 who faw it, mentioning no fuch thing. This Throne, 
 'tis faid, coft four Courouics of Rou[Mes, which is 
 near five Millions Sterling. From the two Gates of 
 the Palace, lye two very large well builtStreets, .and 
 four others lead to the Great Mofqnc, which is a 
 flatelyFabrick, and is rcfortcd toby iheKing h'mlcH 
 every Friday. Thcfe Streets arc molfly furi'ilh- 
 ed with Arched Walks before the fioufes, which, as 
 at Agr/t, ferve for Shops. The Grand Caravanferay 
 built by the Daughter of Sh-Jelmn, is a Magnifiicnt 
 Structure, 'tis a very large Square, furroumi. d with 
 Arches, which lead to con eiilent Lodgings, and 
 have over them open Galleries, and other fairer 
 Chambers, for the ufe of Strangers. The new Cry 
 is about eight Miles in Conipafs, and furround- 
 cdwith Brick-Walls \ to whch may be added a laigc 
 Suburb, and the old DfH;/ on the other fide the River, 
 
 but joynedby a Bridge; and then the Place will be 
 found four Miles long. The Coantry about it is 
 pleafant and fruitful, and the Air more cool and 
 wholfome than that of //gM, which being feated in 
 a fandy Soil is fcorching hot. The old City was 
 formerly a Magnificent one, where the old IWan 
 Kings uiied to be inaugurated ; it had 50 Gates and 
 nine Caftles, bat is now ruined. There is ano ther 
 Oc//y, where lies interred in a moft magnificent 
 Monument the Father of Ecldiit'. The Govern- 
 ment of this Province, is reckoned the firft in the 
 Empire. 
 
 From Dill^, palling on Northward, you enter the 
 Province of 7£JVL'P.4i<^ or j|£iV//PW/<.,whpreare the 
 PitsofS^/z^mmonMcThe chief City >en/(p«', (lands in 
 the 33 Deg.of Latitude, at the Confluence of two imall 
 Rivers which conip.ifc the Dnmia.ie, that fl-.ws 
 through this Country and that of the Hir.ihwns^ and 
 falls inio the Indus ; 'tis a hai.diom Town, but not 
 vcr eminent. Syrim, on the fa-ne Ri\cr, more to 
 the Weft, famous f c r the tine Garden. Summer- 
 Houfe, and Seraglio of the Mcgn's. Tmr.Jfi..^, in 
 the Sonrh-part, is noted for the Baths, cfteemtd 
 Hnly and much rcforted to. ]rithc Mountains which 
 part this Province from Dchy, the Rivet Soneiia, 
 oihcrwifc called f^ffH^'jf hath its Soul CO, which after 
 a Courfe of 400 Miles falls into the Cvigcj at 
 Holot^Ji. 
 
 Tht Kingdom of BE\'G/JB, othcrwifc called L/!- 
 flOH., li fiated more North, b'.wvc.n J 'nupr.i on the 
 South j Caffimeer ,\nd M.vilf'":, oniheNorth: Jniiiha 
 oiuheEaft; and /\)...''(rKaiid .'roc/;, ontheVVeft. Ic 
 is a wctltliy Province, by rcafon of the many Ma- 
 n fadhires in it, and v'clds (a. wording ro tiie infor- 
 mation J'/Jfufwi" had) 37 Millions ^n ,l>it:iim to the 
 Mogul. The g eat Walk of frees derived from 
 yfgM, 1 caches to ihc Capital of this Pre vincc wiiicli 
 is 1^0 1 cagues diftant, a moli Noble Walku: tall 
 large Trees, which cover the Road, an! make a 
 continued Arbour. (Thrvenot.) This 'sthe th id Go- 
 verimentof the Empire, being often honoured with 
 the Emperor's Prefi ncc in his Palace at Lr.' o- , once 
 the Metropolis of the Empire, and ihe Staple of 
 T'ade for Ind'gn, and in thole Diys a Magmaccnt 
 and wealthy Ciry ; but fince thefc Emperours have 
 extended their Dominions lo far Southward, /jyra 
 and Df //rare honoured with their Refidence, and this 
 City is declined vei7 mnch : The Streets are regular 
 and well paved, the H ule,« ,tli if "V .nd, but more 
 high than is ufual in rhefc Parts, the fevere l\ains 
 had ove'thrown many Hoi'fes when l-.imicr was 
 there, whch rendered tht S' ec.s iriegular. but he 
 tell^ us th. e wete five or fix pru cipal Ones, where- 
 of two 01 three were aliove a League long, which 
 Ihevv the tormer bcau'v and grandeur of this City, 
 a!tha' it ht n w declined. It's Age was (hort, for 
 from a finall Bourg, Kmg Homayon who began tt» 
 Rcign. W. D. 159^.) niade it:i City, built thcCallle 
 and ki rt his Cojurt in it. The Caftle or Palace is 
 Magiiiticcnr and Stately, the Court* larfc, theBuild- 
 inps high and I'niform, moftiv of Hrick, adorned 
 with fine carved Works, anil the Gardens largo, plea- 
 fant and filled wiih cxcciK jc Fruit. The River 
 which form' rl> run by the Town, is iK)w a quarter 
 of a League diftant ftomit, having changed its Bed, 
 as li»nc<V informs us. 
 
 F(f 
 
 ^t^M' 
 
 ■:m 
 
 mu\\ 
 
 I:''l '^\% Ml 
 
 . i;;'ifiii«iliL',i ->:A 
 
^8 
 
 BAST'^llSiDlES. 
 
 ii 
 
 Fcttlpsre or Fcnynhai, a pletfant Town, with a 
 Caftlc, feaicd on the South of Lnhor, Temmcry, to 
 the F.ift of Lith))-, is the Seat of the Rii/i of Boffoii, 
 ■who r»ys Tribute to the Emperor, hnii I'.meribuJc, 
 on the North of l.tthor : Thefe are tiie Cities molt 
 noted ; many others arc in this Province that were 
 formerly famous, but they with the whole Province 
 are now declined. 
 
 The Kingdom of CWSS/WE^E, lies between the 
 Mountain C.inc.ifm (which divides it from Tiirta'ji) on 
 theNoith, the Kingdom of l'erfrl> on the South 
 and yltiock_onthc Weft, between the -^6 and the 40 
 Dcg. ofl.at. and enjoysa clear and healthy Air, as 
 temperate as in I'.wope ; and a fruitful well cultivated 
 Soil, abounding with all :hc necelfarics of Life; and 
 fo far exceeding all the ncighbounns Provinces 
 (where a fcor^ hing Heat parches the Ground) that 
 Cr.j]])nere is ftiled the Parailil'c of li'<ii<i. Ir is furr 
 rounded by Mountains, rifing by Degrees one above 
 another; the lower covend with Cattel, and all 
 kinds of innocent Games, without Lyons, I'ygers, 
 Bears, Serpents or any fort of noxious Creatures; 
 and the higher covered with Snow ; which nK'lting, 
 makes thole man\ Riuilets that water the Country, 
 and make it fo fruitful, that it looks like a large 
 Garden of Rice, Corn, Satfron, Hemp, Apricocks, 
 Peaches, Apples, Pears, Plums, Vines, £?i. all 
 which render the Country fo picafant, that Mr. 
 Bonier tells us, he was aftonilhed to fee himfelf of a 
 fuddcn, out of the ftifling Heat of the Torrid Zone, 
 into the temperate Frcfhncfs and F-rtility of Ew. pe ; 
 thofc picafant Streams uniang their Waters, compofe 
 the River T.hfn.n, which runs crofs this Province, and 
 falls into the Siiut at Mtocl(^. The People alio are 
 of fair Complexion and Europctin Beauty, Ingenious, 
 Witty and Induftrioiis. The City, which gives 
 name to the Country, is al-'out two Miles long, and 
 a Mile and half broad, feated on a Lake of frclh 
 Water, and a little River iffuing from it ; over which 
 arc two Kridg<:s : The Houfcs arc built of Wood, 
 two nr three Stories high, and many of them adorned 
 with pretty Gardens : The City is not walled ; but is 
 furrounded with Houfes of Pleafure and Gardens ; 
 among which the King's is cfpecially delightful, be- 
 ing furnifhcd with curious Fountains, Canals, Bow- 
 ers, C^r. fyicn.i/td)- is the nextconfiderable Ciiy,being 
 three Miles in Circumference, and by fomc reck- 
 oned the Capital of the Kingdom : 'Tis feated in 
 the Sourhcrn confines towards Pcng^k. AcbiAvt, 
 notable for an admirable Houfe of Pleafure of the 
 Mogul's ; and SanH-Brnry for an Hcathiniih Temple, 
 and wondreful Spring, which draws Votaries to it, 
 arc the other places of chiefctl note in this Kingdom. 
 S..h/n places the Country of a certain H^va named 
 Tiblion in its Northern part. 
 
 On the South- Weft of CaJJimire, lies the large 
 Province of AJTOCI^, between C/iiM/ on the North, 
 and MuUrrti on the South, inhaliited by a peculiar 
 People called Puttans, of low Stature, but courapims 
 Temper, not fubjciftedto the A/ogd/ before th- Year 
 1^90. The City whence the Province is d. nomuiat- 
 cd , ftands at the Confluence of the two Ri -ers Vchc- 
 nns and Sind, and is one of the belt and ftrongeft 
 Garifons in all the Empire, which no I'orei(;ner is 
 permitted to enter witho 't a Pals from the King. 
 The other chief Towns are irjuinb^ir, faid to be 
 a hanJfome City, and a place of grtat Trade. 
 
 Vuckcvf, Daddos, Duih*, Lan^or*, Vugfjion, and Hff. 
 fmiitl/dnl. 
 
 On the North of ^ttock, lies the Province of 
 C/IBVI , the Boundary of the Mf^u/'s Empire on the 
 North Weft, having iatary for its N rthcrn, and 
 Pejia for its Eaftern Bounds. It is a Barren unplcj. 
 fant Country, but has Mines of Iron, and by means 
 of its convenient Situation, enjoys a good Trade : 
 its chief City Cabul, is reported to be as large as Grand 
 Cjiio, and rcforicd to by Merchants from I'n/in 
 China awi Tartery, for buying of Cattel, efpeciallr 
 Horfes, whereof vaft Numbers are yearly fold here 
 by thet'<t.'? Ta'nn : The City is fortilied by two 
 ftrong CaflTcs, accomodated with many large Inns 
 for the reception of Strangers, and adorned with 
 many Palaces, the Kings having at fonie timei. 
 held their Courts here, and it has often been the 
 Appenage of a Prince of the Blood. The other 
 chief Towns are Ohidal, Pnmtt, Cherceciilhw, and 
 (jorehand. 
 
 The Province ofMVLT/IN is feated between ///oc^ 
 on the North, the River {{/ivrc en the South, I'engai 
 on the Eaft, and H,tic.tn on the Weft, extending a- 
 bout 100 Miles either way. The River Indus runs 
 through from North to South, and other fmallcr 
 Streams contribute to water the Land, whuh is 
 very fertil, in Sugar and Opium, and aifurJs a 
 mighty Traffick to the Inhibitants ; who bolides 
 make great Quantities of Culiico's, which they vend 
 to yigra, Tntin and elfewhere : So that this Country, 
 cfpecially its chief City, is inhabited by wealihy 
 Bnnemt. The chief City Mulmn, is feated on the 
 River Indus, in the Latitude of 34 Deg. and is a 
 conliderable place, on account of the Manufadures 
 of Cnlico's and other Linnens. and the number of 
 rich Trading Brtnctins that live in it : but was for- 
 merly more populous, being heretofore the Thorow- 
 farc between Perfm and Lnhor; but the Pvoad lies 
 now through Cabul. The People of this Town ate 
 notable Dancers, if it be woith wliile to mention 
 fuch a Qualification, but fince that recommends them 
 to the Courts of Moflan and I'ffi^, wc (liould do 
 them wrong to omit it. A peculiar Sedl of Gmtilei 
 called Cntrys Jive here, and have a fine PagoJ to 
 which all their Sedl refort in Pilgrimage. The City 
 is well fortified, as being a Frontier, now C,iH</.i/;a ii 
 pofleffed by the Perjim, Over againft Mult.in, on the 
 Weft fide the /«iV*;, ftands Hli:itn, and more Southward 
 Seerfore, 
 
 C,<NOWHWii//,isaProvinceof the Mo?;//'/ Empire 
 except the chief City Cnndahar, fuppofed to be the 
 Catiirn of Ptolomy, feated in the l? Deg. I.at. which 
 is fubjed to the Pcrfinn ; a place of gre.it Strength, 
 and being on the Road out of Indin into Ptnli, 
 is much reforted to. TheCountry is Mountainous, 
 and fo not over fruitful ; but here are Rocks of Salt, 
 which yield a Traflick to the Inhabitants, as alfo 
 Mines found in the Bowels of the Earth. On the 
 North Weft of Candr.hnrn, lyes a fmall Country 
 named Batch, whereof an t^/icg Prince is Soveraign. 
 It lies among Mountains, and is not conlide- 
 rable. 
 
 lUIKi/IM. otherwife called /MNGffC/^iN', a Pro- 
 vince feated beyond the Indm, among the Mountains 
 on the Frontiers of Perfur, adjoining to Citnil.ih.v ri] 
 the South, is a fort of rude Country, inhabited by 
 
 th« 
 
 the BulU 
 
 Idolaters, 
 
 Rrbbcrs; 
 
 Temper. 
 
 oned in tl 
 
 Mountain 
 
 The Pk 
 
 the South 
 
 II >iil nui 
 
 throusli, i 
 
 Lnd, and 
 
 Inhabitants 
 
 NeiKhbouri 
 
 Yoke, and 
 
 perpetually 
 
 R.ck«', feat 
 
 ?o. D. 20. 
 
 M", fcni 
 
 rla:c coiili.U 
 
 lure much 
 
 on the fame 
 
 Mouth of 
 
 Tiiidc, fend 
 Ir.iJceicn a 
 
 The Coun 
 Ihicm and .w 
 
 '':>!Upar Oil t 
 
 ^j'lith, and ei 
 
 Coiion; whir 
 
 expT'cd to ct 
 
 Itinrt People, 
 
 te the Dcfccnt 
 
 Mia. The c 
 
 River Dmiinri 
 
 'irwn Eaft to V 
 
 JtiJ rich Towrf 
 
 Jiid Calico. 
 
 great City.andj 
 
 U'Odities. 
 
 The Provinl 
 Suth cf the r 
 Southern BouJ 
 '■'1 the W'clt. 
 ^'oLntaiiKAis, 
 ?'ddtr ; and 
 '"y Fcrtil Jnl 
 "S extent is frf 
 ^'Ip'in.-e , otiJ 
 'Own IS featl 
 fcut is howevcrl 
 '!'.?o, Cotton al 
 'Of itspleafinil 
 '"y good Caltl 
 "■") a Caftleil 
 '"c Birth placi 
 '''■J'ed on the Rf 
 , Town in this! 
 «ndallthatlfij 
 
 The fnall , 
 7#'mftr, havj 
 ™ Mouth ofl 
 Sj,f River h,du\ 
 Tis a rich Ferl 
 nccefliry for 1 \ 
 populous and 
 
The Empue of the (a eat Moghl. 
 
 the Bulkchri, a ((out and watlike People, who are 
 lilulatci', and by fome ftuihurs rcprcfcmed as wild 
 Rrbbcrs; but others lay they ate of a converfible 
 Temper. Two '1 owns in lias Country are menll- 
 nned in the Maps, ; i^. Chnf^an on the bait fide the 
 iMoumair$, aoJ t.'i/;f onihe Frontiers of Perfin. 
 
 TheProvinte of Ut'CfCP/^ lies next to Ihicnnon 
 the South, bciweeri Pr^Jl^ on the Weft, and the 
 ;;>((/ mil Country onthcEaft. The River Imliii runs 
 through, ard dividing it into two Farts, wa'ers ilie 
 Land, and venders the Soil Rich and Ferul. The 
 Iiihahitirns arc a flrong robuft People, like their 
 Neighbours th>.' HuHaches, uiieafy under the Mogul'i 
 Yoke, and not kept under, but by a ftrong Guard 
 perpetually kept upon them in the chief City named 
 lick'", feated on an Iflind in the River Iiniui, I.at. 
 30. D. 20. M. Other Towns of Note here, are 
 Suck,", fumewhat higher on the Eaft fide the River, a 
 pla:c conli.lcra d.' for Tia le, as alio fir the Agric - 
 ture much pradtifea by us Inha! itants ; and l{.iivrce 
 on the fame River, more Southward, and near the 
 Mouth of ihc D niiiihlic, a place alfo ot gfod 
 Trade, fending iJaiks down the River, which 
 Trade ei en as tar as Mo;j<)>ni/^w, and other part ■. of 
 .Ihicr:. 
 
 The Country of the IIISDOIVSS, lies between 
 H^icw and Miiltrtti on the Weft, l':m^t> on the North, 
 '''.mfiir on the fiaft, 'jcffdmccr and Bniiiio on the 
 South, and enjoys a f'l nil Sril in Corn, Cartel and 
 Cotton; whi( h lait is made up into Cloaths, and 
 exported to other Parts. The Inhabitants are a di- 
 ItinA People, and according to their Name, (hould 
 le the Dei'ccndants of ihc Alioriginc Inhabitants of all 
 Mia. The chief City Ucnd'.nn, l\ands upon the 
 River bumiitdre (which runs through the Province 
 Irtm Eaft to Weft) in the 31 D. 20 M. I at- a large 
 and rich Town, cnjo.ing a good Trade in Cotton 
 iiid Calico. Miv; Yd, fcated more to the South, is a 
 greatCity,and a cunliderablc Mart for the fame Com- 
 u^odiiics. 
 
 The Province of 3rS'il-:l.MKEI{ lies on the 
 ^fiuth of the //i(/f/'ir;,j J having ''jj<^'!i.i"e for its 
 Soiithern Bounds, llj:..>- on the Eaft, and Buckor 
 III the Welt. 1 ho North and F.aft parts arc 
 Moentaiiious, Ij.it the South is watered by the River 
 Pilkr ; and the greatelf pan of the Country is 
 »ery Fcrtil in Corn and Cartel, ripccially Sheep. 
 Its extent is from the I'^th t" the 28th Ucg.of Lat. 
 Vlf<-'in:e , othtrvvife called Gijl.-mcer, the chief 
 Town IS featcd on the North part within Land, 
 but ishowevera place of very good Trade for In- 
 (igo, Cotton and woollen Cloaihs, and rcnnarkable 
 for itspleafant fituation : 'Tis alfo Fortified with a 
 1 cry good Caltle, and 30 pieces of Ordinance. Ww 
 "■", a Caftle in this Country, is notable for being 
 the Birth place of the gre.^t Eckpnr. ((.uilmpore, 
 ffiied on the River Pad.ia , is the next conliderable 
 Town in this Province, near its Southe'.n Limits, 
 and all that I find mentioned by Authors. 
 
 The fmall Kingdom of SOUJITT, lies next to 
 Itjfc'.mter, having that for its Eaftetn Bounds, 
 the Mouth of the River Pf.ddet- for its Southern, 
 fhe River fni/w on the Weft, and Tdf/ 4 on the North. 
 Tis a rich Fertil Land, furnillied with all things 
 ncccfliry for life; and the chief City ':tan.^gr. is 
 populous and rich , being commodioully feated 
 
 99 
 
 near ihc River PoJiitr, which a little beJow falli 
 into (he Giilph of InJui, and renders (be Town 
 a place of good Trade. I'.uh, feated on an I- 
 Mand made by the Branches of the River Paddei, 
 in falling into the Sea, is reckoned in the Limits of 
 this Kingdoa.. 
 
 Laftly, the Kingdom of TWTTW, otherwife 
 named SISUI, and by the Inhabitants ABIND, 
 alfo foinctimes by Eumjie.iHs tailed the Kingdom 
 of DiVL, from the Port Town of that name. 
 This Province is the South-Weft Limits of the 
 Mvgiii's Empire, having /v. /j.a on the Weft, Bi,cl<,or 
 on the North, 'Jcjlslimei and Sorett on the Eait, 
 and the Gulph of India, which parts it from 
 Gu:{.i,nit, on the South. The Kingdom is about 
 loo Miles in length from North to South, and is 
 divided by the Rner Indui ; which waters the 
 Land, and rciultrs the Soil very proJifick in Wheat, 
 Rice. Pafturc, oc. The Country alfo being fo 
 conveniently feated, is much enriched by Trade, 
 but not lo much as it ufed to be, before Swrarr had 
 drawn it away. T'he chief Cities are, Tattu the 
 Metropolis, (eared on the Laft lide the River Indus, 
 in the 17th Deg. Latitude, a Urge City, and cele- 
 brated for Trade. Sitidt, in the Heart of the Coun- 
 rry, the place of the Govcrnours Refidencc. Lome- 
 bnndcr on the Well fide the Indiu, 40 Leagues below 
 Tattn, and near the Mouth of the River, a noted 
 Port. This is a 1 own of great Trade, and the bcft 
 Roarl for Ships inthelMi^/fj. (Jl'hevcnot .) but Dint cr 
 Dill (uot Dio) is by others reckoned the inoft com- 
 modious and moft celebrated Haven of this King- 
 dom, feated on the Mouth of the Bay of Indui, and 
 a fmall River which takes its name from the Town : 
 This place is ufually touched at by the Ships failing 
 fiom India to Ormus. 
 
 The Kingdom of GVZ^AR^AT, or as the Fortu- 
 ,?;.f^f term it CAMB/lI/l, lies next ontheSouth-Eaft, 
 bounded by Chaiidit and Chitor on the Eaft, the In- 
 di/in Ocean on the Weft, and part ^( the South, 
 •he Kingdom of Dican bounding the other part on 
 the South, and Scrett and JcJJehncre on the North. 
 It extends from the 1 9th to the 15th Deg. of North 
 Latitude, that is, alout 360 Miles from North to 
 South, and from the S3d to the gid Degree of 
 Lorgiiude, which makes about 450 Miles from Eaft 
 to Weft : The two Bays of Citmhnin on the Eaft, 
 and Indus on the Weft, make the greateft part of it 
 a kind of Peninfula .- and the whole Country lying 
 either on the Sea, or on the Navigable River: the 
 T4/i(«, thcGfm.)./, and the P-idd.'^, (all which run 
 through it, and fall into the two Bays above 
 mentioned} render this a land of great Traffick ; 
 the Soil alfo producing not only all Ncccffaries for 
 Life, but like wife great plenty of Cotton, Indigo, O- 
 pium, Aloes and many other Drugs ; Chryftal, Cor- 
 nelians, Rubies, Sapphirs, Agates, Topazes, Jafpef, 
 and other precious Stones. The Inhabitants alfo 
 make fine Cotton-Linnens, Silks, Cabinets, C?f. 
 The exportation of thefe Commodities enrich the 
 Inhabitants, and the Cuftoms yield the Mot«/ a vaft 
 Revenue, infomueh, that Ca)[divit is looked upon as 
 one of the beft Jewels in his Crown. The Trrpick 
 of Cnncer paffes through the vertical Point of /Ima- 
 dnbat, fo that the greateft part of this Kingdom lies 
 in the Torrid Zone, and renders the Air fo fcorch- 
 ing, that if the rainy Seafon ihould fail Tas it did 
 in the Year 1630.} a Famine would enfue. This 
 O 2 King 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 
 ■ ' 
 
 ^M 
 
 Hi 
 
 1 
 
 '!f 
 
 
 ; -^ 
 
 ■' vim 
 
 [■m 
 
 m 
 
 f 
 
./ •-■ 
 
 
 ; I 
 
 ^!if,'' 
 
 lOO 
 
 Kingilpm was toimrf ly govi'rned by iis own Prince ; 
 buf lirice th^' year i',6v has liein a Pioviticc of the 
 V/(»:;»/'.t Empire, and governed by his Deputy, 
 filled Siiltan, who rclutcs in <im.iHabnt. But the 
 Weitern Part i« inhabited by lijiibooiet, who «re no- 
 torious RobI ers and Outlaws. 
 
 Refhn we proceed to the Citie« of this King- 
 ilotti, we will fpeik ot the ]iitildi(Sion of ll.ilaim, 
 which is the Coatt on the South of it towards l)f- 
 ctin, and comprehends the llland of himbnt, with 
 two ot three other fmali Iflanls, and the City of 
 lUJaim, formerly fubji-ifl to the Kin^ of Cu^nixt, 
 but conquered by the Poincw/c^c The (-ity tiafaim 
 ftands on the Continent, in the Latitude of i<;. jo. 
 of good Struitnre and Strength, boinp furroundcd 
 with high Walls, wherein arc eight liaftions, and 
 the Town is Inhabited by alxjut ?op Families of 
 PirtuHu:-:^.' Cictry and Nobility ; governed by a 
 Captain with twelve Adiftants, whofc Power extends 
 over a great trany neighbouring Vdlagcs and 
 Fdands. 
 
 r> O \t B .1 T. that was formerly one of them, 
 was fifrenderud to the I'.naHfh in the Year i66^. 
 ■iccordinii to the Articles of Marriage berwcen King 
 C!\i let II. and Omni Cntltin.!. This liland is 
 therefore poUclTed by the En^lifl' Nation, and though 
 a fmallono, being but lo Miles round, is confide- 
 rablc, on Accouiit of iis 'jommodious Hi-vcn and Si- 
 tiiiiion, for riipprelfuip; the '"i/rt/xtr Pirates, who 
 ufcd to inlcil thefc Piiafts : It is firuate over againfl 
 Ch.inl in Deciiii, in the Latitude of i8 Ueg. The 
 thief Town is about a Mile long, and pretty well 
 Fortifi'.'d, having been confidiTably improved fince 
 the iCi'.?/'/fc have had': c. The Ifland was fcra few 
 Years eovcrncd by t^ e Kings Deputy, but at the 
 Rctjueltof the Kc/M/^/i-i Company, it was granted 
 to them under Homage, and has been ever fince 
 under the Jurifdidion of the Prefident of Surat, 
 who appoints a Dcpury Governout here. The 
 Land has Woods of Coco-Trees, which with Salt is 
 the chief Produft of the Ifland. 
 
 On the North of fiombny, lies the Ifland C/iNO- 
 f{i:i!\', which Giw;lli names SrJfette, and defcribes a 
 wondciful Vn^cda in it, conlirting of Galleries; 
 Halls and Chambrrs cut out of a vaft Rock, which 
 are ftrpcndious Works. There are other of like 
 fort in thefe Iflands. That of lUffhintino has i;s 
 Name from an Elephant cut out of the Rock, 
 where are alfo many ftrangc Caverns Thechief Town 
 is named T.mtiw. This Ifland is a Fertil Land of 
 about 70 Miles Circumference, and ptrffeflVd by the 
 
 The Iflands C/l!{ANI/t and BLEPlJ/INTtNO, 
 polTclfed alfi) by the Po>tujrur:^r, lye near Bombny, 
 and are comprchtnicd among thofe called the Sal- 
 /ff/f Illands. From whence we fhall now pafs to the 
 Continent. 
 
 The chief Cities of Cui{nr»t arc SVl^AT, feated 
 at the Mouth of the River T/i/ff, in the Lat. it. D. 
 L'lngit. 9 1 . D. a place formerly inconfiderable, but 
 in thcfe laft Hundred Years, by means of the EngUJh 
 and /)«fc/'i Trade, it is increafedtoa large, populous 
 and rich City, furrounded with a good Wall, and 
 f<uarded by an old Caftle, faid to be founded by 
 't'nmerlain j the Houfes in general are low and mean, 
 
 BASr^lN'DlHS. 
 
 but the Eii^li/h Company's Home jsa noble Building 
 offqgared Stone i as are all) thole tf the /J(/Ar/' and 
 Fitncii and feme of the Umeii»i and hUonjh Mcr- 
 ch4nts have fine high Houfej with Terralfes at top. 
 The City is guarded by 1 500 Soldieis, belides the 
 Garilxn and (overnour \n the Caltlc, and Jo or 40 
 pieiei of Oidinince ■ The Haven hasa Barr of Sand 
 crols it, fo that the Ships ofgreatcr Burthen are famio 
 lye Without, at Swjlly-hcli about four Leagues fnin 
 the 'I iiwii, near the Village Silaltn. l{.\j,t i.i 1^7 en- 
 tred this Ci(> in the Year 1664. burst and p Tlagcl 
 it, carrying away a mighty Bjuty ; at w' :i!i(ini( 
 the Kiigiijl; Pielident Mr (iro'i^t Oxnutii.c lo wiH 
 defended hinil'clf arid the Meuliaiits, th.it 1 t iily 
 the Company gavi hini a Medal, 1 iir the I', cror 
 preiented hini with a Robe ot flunour, and j^jvc 
 our Nation an abatenu lit of 1 nd half /•« c'»,-. in 
 the Cidloms ; but this has been line revoked. The 
 old Walls biii,({ only of Earth andiruih ruined, they 
 were bcjjuii lu be Rebuilt of Bri k, in ihe Vmr 
 1665. which err', jip the Town into a naiiowi.'r coin- 
 pafs than it was before. {V-eveno!.) The Wal]«, a|- 
 tho' new built arc weak, fay- Giniel.l. The Callleis 
 fquarc,withrourtd Baftion.s.fcated at the SourlunJuf 
 the Town to near the Sea.that the Ditch is li led byits 
 Water on three tides, and by the lliveron ihc fourth, 
 The Country round abour is frtdc and plcafint, a- 
 bounding with Gardens andFrnit Trees, and the City 
 is a place of vaft Triffick for all forts of Inili.m, C'/. 
 "-/< and Kurtifean Commodities, as Stuffs and Ct- 
 toii-cloths made in InHi/t^ Porcelainc Cabinets, adorn- 
 ed with Turquoife, Agat, Cornelian, Ivory an.l other 
 Embelldhments ; Diamonds, Rubies, Pearls and o- 
 ther precious Stones; Musk, Amber, M)rrh, M, 
 Sal Armoniac, Cipick-filver, Lacca, Indigo, the 
 Root Roenas for Dying, and all torts of hidim 
 Spices, Fruits and Drugs. The Trade being begun 
 and carried on chiefly by the Enyjijh, our Nation 
 hath peculiar Ptiviledges above others. The Com. 
 Piny's Affairs are managed here by a Prefidcit and 
 Council, who direft and govern the Faiflorics at 
 /tinad/ibaf, /lgri,i, and other inland Places; alio the 
 Trade to I'rjia : and in general, all the Fadories 
 Weftwardof Cape Comnnw. The Picfidem livtiin 
 great State, being always honourably attended, and 
 hath a Salary of $00 /i7. per /iimum. 
 
 0/i>w<ion,poflclfed by the PDrtn^uc^efiimh about 9 
 MilesSouth from SM),i<,and is aPlace of _i;''od Strengtii 
 andTrade, a River to which i: gives Name, makes a 
 good Haven, on the Notth fide of which, flandsihe 
 old City of very ordinary Strudlure, inhabited by 
 CcntiUs ; but the new City which itands on the 
 South fide, is a neat Town of three broad Streets, 
 and many crofs ones. The Houfesare oilndUn builJ, 
 low, but neat, and have Gardens. It is fortified 
 with a Wall, wherein arc four regular Baftions : and 
 a Fort at the entrance of the Haven. 
 
 Srtroc/)f,about as far North from S»i'(i.f,flands on the 
 RiverGf»icnf,which 15 Miles bclow,fallsintothe Bay 
 ofCambaya : It is plcafantly feated on a Hill, adorned 
 with handfom Buildings, and enriched by a vcty 
 good Trade in Cotton-I.innens, which are made 
 here, and better whitened than elfewhei e, and for 
 that reafon the Englijh have a Houfe there ; it is I'ur- 
 rounded with ftrong Stone Walls, flanked by large 
 round Towers, and was one of the chief Strengths 
 of the Kingdom, but is negledled, and the Wall out of 
 repair. The Country round is level and very fertil, 
 beyond which at feven or eight Leagues diftance are 
 Mountains, wherein plenty of Agac-Stones are found. 
 
 Brodri^ 
 
7Ae hwpirc of the Great Mc;gul. 
 
 B'fd u fraicil en a large fandy Plain upon 
 t finall Kivcr named H'fjjcr, is about 15 Leagues 
 diftani from ll,roJ'i;it is well fortified after the Anci- 
 ent niannci-, and inhabited by Calico Weavers ; An 
 l-'t''f'' F-'"'''') '» ''^'I't here, l-.ictiue, which is the 
 gum of a Trcr, whereof O-alinR-Wax and Lacquer 
 Virnilh II made, i? ft) jilentiftil inthc nci((hbourhood 
 rf this City, that one Village named i'«fl>/<V4f'-», klls 
 about I'yCOO I. every Year. (MittiHelJi).) I find it 
 mentioned by fome Travcllcm.that Lacqtie is nude by 
 Antslike »» ^^i" '^V Bees, and whether there may not 
 be Inch a foit of ii,! cannot dcteitnine,'but what I have 
 faid above of its being a Gum, is conitamly averred. 
 
 C.iw/mv/i , whence as we have laid , the 
 Kingdom is fometime denominated, is featrd on 
 ilic inmolt receli of the Bay to which it gives name, 
 in the Int. of li D. Longit. 90 D. It i» dcfcribcd 
 by Authors as a place of much better Strndliire than 
 thcCitiis ofl>uiij!.iii commonly are, and was a place 
 of very »;reatTraffick, fo as to be called the Cauo 
 oi'l'iilii:: i?ut the Sea is fallen away, and leaves the 
 Haven quite diy at low water ; and that pcrhapi 
 niay be tiie realoii that the Trade alfo has left it. 
 The ebbing and Hawing of the Tide here is very 
 reiiiarkab'e, for it rolls in with fuch impetuofity, 
 that an Arrow cut of a Bow cannot keep pace with 
 if, an>l falls away as Fait. 1 his City is as large 
 auain as Sii an, but not near fo populous, ira Streets 
 arc large, and are each Ihut up with Gates, the Hou- 
 fes are high, bulk of Sim-biirnt Bricks, and the 
 Sr [s are full (f Aromatick Perfumes, Spicc«, 
 iuKen and S"ld Stuffs ; It is cnrompaircd with 
 fair (tone ^alls, and has a large Caftie wherein the 
 Governour rcHdes. Near the Town arc Mines 
 of Agats, which atford a Manufa(ilory to the Inha- 
 bitants, for great Numbers of Cups, Rings and other 
 Utenfils are here made of them. {Thcvoiot and 
 Gimelli.) Goga, a City of good Trade with a fafc 
 Harbour, Hands on the Wcft-fule of the fame Bay, 
 about 10 Leagues from' nml/.iyn ; it was burnt by the 
 Pcrtiigue:^c atthe time of thcSiegeof D.o.As was alfo 
 Aiuote, once a coiiliderablc City on the fame Bay. 
 
 In the middle of the South Coaft of the Pe- 
 rinfula of Camh/iy/i, lies the Ifland and City of 
 DIO, in the 20 D. 40 M. of North Latitude, and 
 the 87 D. of Longit. It is a fmall piece of Land, 
 of ahiiut a League in length, and half fo much in 
 breadth, which ;sciic o\\' from the main Land by a 
 fmall Branch of the Sea that flows between. The 
 Pnrfd^tf^f- got footing there in the Year 1535. and 
 built a Fort j which was foon after attacked by 
 BuJiir King of Cuxarat, but fo well defended, that 
 he was forced to raife his Siege; afterwards in the 
 Year i ';46, his Son Mamvad belicged it again with an 
 Army of 40000 Men, who for feieral Months at- 
 tacked it with great Vigour, but were fo valiantly 
 oppofed by the l'(itii^iic:^f, thatintheend they were 
 beaten off, and have never (incc returned. ThcCity 
 vMas formerly very confiderablc, on Account of the 
 Trade maintained by its Inhabitants to Perfia and 
 hdi/t • But it is mw declined, and neither the City 
 nor Fort much noted at prefent. Pate, featcd on 
 the fame Bay, a few Leagues Weft from Dio, is a 
 large City, and was formerly conlideral'** for its 
 fair Buildings and great Trade; but the A^.tbootes 
 have often plundered it and fpoiled both. It 
 is a great Town, and has ftill a good Manu- 
 faftury of Silk Stuffs, (ays Thevenot. Mtingerol, 
 (till more Weltward, is a place of good Trade for 
 Cotton-Linnen, i3c. and hag an Englijh Fadtory. 
 
 101 
 
 Jr.tjuetii-, on the Wcncrn point of this Peninfula, it 
 « fair Town with a famous Pagod or I«./mw Temple, 
 which fomctimes gives Name to the Country, /^i''"''" 
 ;ii<c, feared between B<ii ciA* and (.'<ii«4«>ij, is a large 
 walled Town inhabited by B/\niiiuj, and a great 
 number of Arti/am, who make the fineft Stuffs. It 
 has 200 Villages under its Jurifdidlion, near one of 
 which great (lore of Lucca is found. {Tiivenot.) Bi- 
 funt.igMri, fituate in a very fettil Country, in the 
 Center of the Kingdom, from a fmall Village 11 rifen 
 up to a large Town of lOCX) Houfei. (^Mnndelflo.) 
 
 I adiy, Am»dM>iii, a very large City, feated within 
 Land, about 18 Leagues North from C.imt<j;r,), be- 
 ing the Scat of the Vice-Roy, may properly be 
 reckoned the Metropolis of the Kingdom. It is a 
 place of very great Trade for Calicoes and other 
 Cotton-Lirneiis, Indigo, Opium, precious Stones 
 .ind other Good?, and therefore the En^li/h have a 
 Fadfory in it. This City (lands in a lovely Plain, 
 watered by the fmall River Sabreineity, cnclcfed 
 with Walls, partly Stone and partly Brick, flanked 
 with round Towers all kept in good repair, and 
 wcl' ('■' ifoned. The City with Suburbs is a League 
 and nan 'cngtli(fays T/ei-fj.f,) near 7 Leagucsround 
 f fayi A' i.i ,'. .) The Streets arc wide; ihe Meidnn- 
 c/'rttorKing'sfquarc is7oo Paceslong, and4oo broad, 
 furron..dcd with noble Arches and aclorncd with 
 1 -es, m '"•jvcral little iquare Buildings in the 
 
 idan, are held rtic Cou'ts of Judicature : near it 
 on one li'.c ftamjs the King's Palace, and on the 
 other (id- theCaltlc. The /iwq/i/fc FaiSory is in the 
 midd' of the Town, it confifts of fair Courts, hand- 
 (ovjii. Lod'^ings, and large Ware-hou(es. The chief 
 Mofc]uc in this City is a Magnificent Building, as de- 
 icribedby '■' w>Mf and Moideijlt, to whom we muft 
 refer our Reader for the other remarkables. T*he 
 Governour cf AmnHnbat has the Title of f((i/<t or 
 Prince, he lives in very great Splendour, and main- 
 tains 1 1000 Horfc and jo Elephants for the Kings 
 Service. 
 
 CHrTOI{_, lie» next to Gujarat, being bounded by 
 that Kingdom on the Welt ; Mulva^ ' on the Ea(t ; 
 C/Mn</« on the South; and Hii/'n l{ana< on the North; 
 Its Extent is about no Miles from North to South, 
 and about half as much from Eaft to Wefl:. The 
 chief City Chiror (ot Magnificence and Antiquity, did 
 formerly outvyc all the Cities in /niii<»; its Name fig- 
 nifying Mirrour nf the n'orld, and its ancient Name 
 was taxillrt, fuppofed to be the Place whence Porus 
 ilfued againlt Aiextndcr : The Caltle of this Place was 
 fo (trong, that Eckjmr elteemed the caking of it, one 
 of his molt important Conqucfts ; but its Glory is 
 paired away, and 'tis now but an ordinary Place. 
 Chetipore, or Cintifur, being more noted at prefent 
 on Account of its confiderablc Trade in Calicoes 
 called Chites, whence they fay the Town had its 
 Name. Billman \ Midrc ; andRjidrefoie; have been 
 Places of Grandeur and Note anciently, but now 
 obfcure. 
 
 The Kingdom of M.</.K/47"ad joins to Chi'tor, hav- 
 ing that on the Weft; Benfa// on the Eaft ; and Ber<jr 
 on the South. The chief Towns are t^»cw, by fome 
 called Oiigel, feated on the Weft-fide of the River 
 Gimni, by fome reckoned the Capital of the Prov- 
 inc ; but by other?, that Honour is given to {{anti- 
 pore, a Town of very great Tralfick, feated on the 
 Eaft-fide of the fame River more Northward, and 
 fatuous for a ftiongCaltlewbichfervcsfora Prifon 
 
 w 
 
 !h. 
 
 ' H.i ^M 
 
 '^''a'".n 
 
 i:'!lii|irt|j 
 
 mu 
 
 Vi,. , !■. 
 
 \m'm 
 
 uiriiii?' 
 
'•"F!^, 
 
 ll 
 
 I02 
 
 to Nol Icintn iliat fall under the Mogul'i Difpleafurc. 
 Call.-miii, the ancient Regal Seat of the King of 
 M ^oij, whoii Dominions extended far. 1 fuppofc 
 this to be the place X-ievtntt called JW^jWo, and re- 
 prefcnts as a large Town of tiatural ftrength by Si- 
 tuation, and moreover furrounded by flrong VValis, 
 and guarded by a good Cal\le at the top of a Hill, 
 the Houfcs in the Town well built of Stone, and 
 the place very populous. Saranifora, Syr/ingn or Se- 
 1 oirri, a large Town where fine painted Calicoes are 
 made. And .Viici , another Town of large Extent, 
 feaccd on the top of a fteep Hill. 
 
 On the Koith of Ch'to and Weft of Mahn, 
 lye the Territories of H/'i' l{,-IN-^S, a Prince of 
 ancient Extradl, even dcfcendcd from Poiui, they 
 fay ; and was the laft of the l{,-.si:(tc Race that be- 
 came Tributary to the Great Wogw/. The Caftle of 
 Curchirto, fcatcil on a Rock> Mountain, and famous 
 f(jr its inipregnble Strength, is his I'lacc of Rcli- 
 licnce ; as alfo fomctimes Cander.i, the other chief 
 Town in this Jurifdidion. 
 
 Norcliward from I{njit f?<i»<ij, lies the Kingdom 
 of B.IKDO, a jTcity large Country, Lut Mountain- 
 nils arul Barren. The City which gi\es Name to the 
 Kingdom, ftands in the 19 Degree of Latitude, a- 
 liout 150 Miles Wsll from ylgrn ; it is an ancient 
 Place, but not very confiderablc. /■Id/mere, .ifmtrr, 
 nr .-/^Hf , the Capital of a G'Jvernnient of the fame 
 Name, rtand« more Southward nearthe River Pii;Wc; 
 the Trmb if Coacr- Mi t7i!y a Mahometan Saint buri- 
 ed here, is riihly adorned, and vifitcd from all Parts 
 with great Devotion. The great King Ei.\bar made 
 a Pilgrimage on Foot to this Tomb, to obtain by 
 the Saints InteKcffion Male-IiTuc. The City is large, 
 but of ordinary Strudture ; walled and moated round, 
 and defended by a ftrong 08*^16, at the top of a very 
 high and almoit inacceifible Mountain. I'his City 
 is recicoiicJ by Thcvcnot to be the Capital of all the 
 three Provinces of B»J.V', Jcjjfclriser andSoret. Godni, 
 forincrij a lonliderablcCity, feated in the moft fer- 
 tilpaitrf the Kingdom. kwA ] chute, a Caftle of 
 good Strength, arc the other chief Towns. 
 
 On theEurt of i?,ii(^u liesthePrcivinceof Gt/'.4/.TO/t, 
 a rarruw 1 raiil of Land between Wg>«on the North, 
 and Mniv,:y on the Siuth ; vv'liof^' chief Town 
 Guthm- or Cii/i'eia, is featcd on a craggy Mountain, 
 in the I.;it. zy D. anii well fortified, having a moft 
 advint.igcoiis Situation amoni; inacceifible Rocks, 
 and iiiiproiedby many artificial Fortifications : In- 
 fomiiih that the Caftle is made the repofitory of great 
 part 'f the Miiu.'j Ticafure ; and a Prifontbr many 
 Princes whofe Birrh gives Jealoufy, or Mifdemcan- 
 ors Ort'cncc to the Emperor : and 'tis here the Empe- 
 ror /l:ireiiii-:{lie confined hisBruihers, Nephews, and 
 his two cidelt Sons. 
 
 More EalUvard is the Province of h'.IRVA^, 
 bounded on the North by the River Sitmna, which 
 parts It from S u/./xi/ ; on the South, by Mountains 
 that divide it from B.-i.jjdJ; on the Eafl, with the 
 !'rovince of lldhr.fi; and un the Weft with the 
 Kingdom of //i;r,i. ThechiefCitiesof this Country 
 are <jehiid and Oudcn ; the former feated on the 
 River I'. gfH^i, which flowing through Narvnr and 
 part if I'.i ■i>.i(i, falls into the Gangej ; whereof no- 
 thing coiili icrabic is mentioned by Authors. The 
 litter llaiuiii more Northward, and isa very aiKient 
 
 E JSUIN'DlkS. 
 
 and furmerly a notable Placc,as the ruins of its Caflle 
 declare ; "tis a Plate of fome Trade, efpecially tbr 
 Rhinoccrot's Horns, which are much valued in /»</;,», 
 Not far from this Town is Icen the Veftigii of an old 
 Caftle named R^Aiihjii.l, a place of Devotion men- 
 tioned by i'urcliai. 
 
 The Kingdom of S A MB /t L lies on the North 
 of the Semcnu, and the Weft of the G/iiigei ; having 
 j^gra for its Weftern Bound.":, and Bacur for the 
 Northern. The chief City from which the Country 
 is denominated, ftands on the River G^n^'e;, in rhe 
 51 Degree of Latitud.-, and has the advantage of a 
 pietty good 1 rade. A day or two's Journey from 
 thence to the Weft, ftands Smjjrmi, a populcus and 
 trading City ; where is feen a moft magnificent Se- 
 pulchre of an ancient Heathen King. 
 
 Northward from hence lies the Kingdom or Pro- 
 viive of B.lC^l{, between the River '.-w^'i J and the 
 Province of Dr'/y ; whole chief City Bicniioi ftai.ds 
 on a fmall River that falls into the Gauges. 
 
 And farther Northward isiheProvinceof '//^.i/g^^ 
 a mountainous Countr, polfclfed ly certain I{iiJ4i, 
 who are Tributary to the .y<og',t ; of thefe l{.ij.uDc. 
 cuupcrg/is hath a large 1 radf of Land in the North- 
 Weft part, whereof the chief Town is dilfei^ : and 
 H^jn- Vatiln, who is leported a Prince of vaft Wealth, 
 polfeffcs the North-caft part towards the Gnw^-i^ 
 whereof Seretuger is the chief 'I'own. l^ot Jr.v.Lt 
 which isreckon'd the Capital is fubjed to the Mgu'., 
 and feated mote Southward on a fmall River that 
 falls into the Ganges, 
 
 Having furveyed all the Weftern and Mid-land 
 Piovijiccs, we will now take a view of the North- 
 ciD ; beginning from the Weft, and pafllngEafiward 
 thro' Kniigricut, Bmiliijh, Siha, Kjikflies, Gor, I'itm, 
 and Cr.ujuntw. All which Thcvenct cqmprifes in 
 two Provinces, which he names Ayaoud or Haoud, 
 wherein are contain'd the four firft : And Vnndcx 
 I'tira!, wherein the three laft are included. Of 
 thefe two Provinces he confcftes he could get no very 
 ex.i(ft Account, but in general, that being watered 
 with many Rivers, the Land altho' Mountainous is 
 very Fertile and rich. The Province of .-lyioud 
 yields the King Ten Millions, and that of F4 vjrf 
 Twenty Seven Millions pir Annum ; which Revenue 
 proceeds from the great number of Strangers from 
 'I'.trtAft and China rcforting hither for Trafhi k. It 
 muft be noted, that the Land we fpeak of. n near 
 1000 Miles long and joo broad, 
 
 >i/IZCI{4CVT, is a very large Country, extend- 
 ing from the Borders of L/iio) in 31 Degr. to the 
 40 Degree of North Latitude, where it is bounded 
 by Kjik* es, having Jamba and Siba on the Eatt ; and 
 Lahor and Bmkjjh on the Weft. The Land is 
 very Mountainous, and a great part of it fiibicdl; to 
 the lir.ja T/iilur!^-cl.an. The ihicf City Naugracut 
 ftands near the head of the River Havre, in the Lat.of 
 34.andI.ong.99.and IS ap!aceofgoodTradeforDrugg« 
 and other Commodities brought from Tartar^, and 
 notable for a rich Temple and Idol, which is vifitcd 
 from far. Cnllamad.i or JalUmak./:, more Eaftwird, 
 is feated among craggy Rocks, out of which ilfue 
 fountains that feem to caft out Flames, and on that 
 account v.orfliiped I y the Idolatrous People. 
 
 B.WKJiH. 
 
 Jlmere on the 
 on the South. 
 tie : The chi 
 derableorkn 
 
 The Provi 
 Nitugractit, di 
 Ganges, and 
 City H/rrdtvar 
 on 1 Lake th 
 and near a K 
 a Cow's Head 
 them, the Ro 
 on it in a kini 
 The City enjo; 
 try is rcafonab 
 
 Next to Sib I 
 moft Northern 
 dcring upon 'I 
 Year 1609. ' 
 being 600 Mill 
 broad. It is a 
 but enjoys the 
 and China. T 
 Weftern part ; 
 Ganges ; whi:t 
 tains CaMcrfy?/.', 1 
 
 On the Soii'h 
 extending Eaftw 
 chief City whi 
 featcd near the 
 39 D. Latit. G 
 as lying too mu 
 Travellers. 
 
 K'^MDVAN. 
 extended betwc 
 Latitude, on th 
 and near the 
 Country feat«d 
 we know littl 
 K"aliantal^:) 
 the Perfelj. 
 
 H 
 
 fes 
 
 PITAN, adjoi 
 Country govern' 
 A^",?"/ ; the Noi 
 whofe chief Seat 
 commanded by 
 the whole is Pitai 
 yerCanda, whii 
 Wins, falls into 1 
 
 On the South 
 Gai.gcs, between 
 'arg.'; Province 
 {^'viding it from 
 ocjnds, pitan 
 ^"fc'r on thp P; 
 .xiveis dividing 
 chi:fUtyisoft 
 R»''er Per/ch in 
 Uiurrry i, xvelj f— 
 
 DUtjiesfb far with 
 by Grangers, fo w 
 "fiippofed to be 
 "leP.Mv,, who 
 India. 
 
 tl 
 
The Emfire of the Gtt.EAT Mogul. 103 
 
 Bi'NKJ^lt, is feated between Siha on the Eaft,C<tP 
 fimere on the Weft ; Kakfres on the North, and Labor 
 on the South. 'Tis a Country not large nor remarka- 
 ble : The chief City is nam'd Beipur, but not conii- 
 derable or known to us. 
 
 The Province of SIBA, lies on the North-eaft of 
 Naugraciit, divided it fO two parts by the River 
 Ganges, and furrounded by Mountains : Its chief 
 City Hirdvare Hands in the 40th. Dcg. of Latitude, 
 on 1 Lake through which the Kivcr G.tnget palTes, 
 and near a Rock which the People fancy to be like 
 a Cow's Head ; and that Animal being facred among 
 them, the Rock an I the River G it; ■' that falls up- 
 on it in a kind of Catara£>, is worlhiped as Holy. 
 The City enjoys a pretty good Trade, and the Coun- 
 try isreafonably fertile. 
 
 Next to S!l>t lies the Kiiigdomof K.4K.ARf-% the 
 mott Northern of all the V/rm's Dominion-, as bor- 
 <icring upon T.i>'i », w'lereuf it was | :in till the 
 Year 1609. 'Tis a Couruvy of very 'arpe extent, 
 being 600 Miles in length, hue not ppiportionably 
 broad. It is a ven M umainous anJ Barren Land, 
 but enjoys the Btn''fit of a good Trade from Tmtary 
 »nd Chin.i. The chief Cities are D.wk^tlen in the 
 Weftcfn part ; Piiyboli more Eift, and near the 
 Canfts ; whi:h River hath its Sourci.- in the Mo.m- 
 tains C/JMfit///,', which part this Counrr. from I'artitry. 
 
 On the Sonrh of J(;(i/(^<jifj lies the Province of GO/^, 
 extending Eallward to the Frontiers of / - • v;. The 
 chief City whi^h ;^ivc» nime to the Kingdom, is 
 featcd near the head of 'he Fiver ''?'/•,>, in the 
 39 D. Latit. Of this Country wc have no Account, 
 as lying too much out of the way to be vilitcd by 
 Travellers. 
 
 KiA^DVA^lA, adjoins toG^r on the South, and lies 
 extended between the 33d. and the jO. Degr. of 
 Lv.itude, on the North weft of the Lake ( /i. .>»;i,ir, 
 and near the Head of the River Pcr(eh. It is a 
 Country featcd fo far out of the way of Trade that 
 we know little of it, only that the chief Citv is 
 K^imkantali^i, feated on a fmall River that fal:s into 
 the Verfcly. 
 
 PIT AN, adjoins to it on the Sovith-weft ; a large 
 Country govern'd by two ti^/ijrs Tributary to the 
 Mojul ; the Northern part fubjeifl to l{.i) -[{criorow, 
 whdfe chief Seat is Camow : And the South part is 
 commanded by H/fja-Mui^go. The Capital Ciry of 
 the whole is Pitan, feated on the Eaft lide of the Ri- 
 ver Cm.ia, which riling in the iieighbouriiif; Moun- 
 tains, falls into the Ganges in the Latitude of 36. 
 
 On the South of thefe on the Eaft fide the River 
 Gm.^es, between that and the River Pcrfeir, lies the 
 latp Province I'/ITSA, having the River Ganv^es 
 dividing it from Jamba and Bacar for its Weftern 
 Bcjnds, pitan on the North, Vdcjyj, Gfc. beyond 
 Pfi/c.> on the Baft, and the Confluence of the two 
 ivivers^ dividing it from Bengal on the South. The 
 chiif City is of the fame name, and is feated on the 
 River Perlely in the 55 Degree of Latitude. The 
 Country is well feated, and feeinsto be good Soil; 
 butiicsfo far within land, that 'tis never reloitcd 10 
 by vi-rangers, fo wc have no account of it. The Name 
 IS luppofed to be derived from ihat Warlike People 
 the Potani, who arc famous in the aiKicnt Hiltory of 
 
 We Ihall now fpcak of the Three Eaftern Pro- 
 vinces which lie beyond the River Perfeli ; namely, 
 Vdeffti, Jeffiiat, and Mev»t, and then proceed to 
 Bengal. 
 
 The Kingdom of VDESSA, lies on the South of 
 Cnnduana, and 00 the Eaft of Patnti ; it is a large 
 Province whofe chief City Jekannt ftands in its 
 Southern Limits, Bcfides which, Ucch.tl is repre- 
 fented by Travellers, as a very confiderable Ci- 
 ty, confiftlng of ftately Buildings of Brick and 
 Stone like ours. The Country enjoys a temperate 
 Air and good Soil ; inhabited by Hindmi of cixjl 
 Nature ; and governed by a i^«/<i or Prince, who 
 ownsnoSubjedion to the Mogul. 
 
 JESSVAL, a Province of fmalier extent but more 
 frequented, lies Southward from Vdeffn, on both 
 fides the River Gundrunl^, which falls into the Perfe- 
 h '■ The chief City is I{a/apore, feated on the River 
 Gimdrunli, in the l.at. 31. 10. Longit. 1 1 0. Suigee 
 OT Jolmabni, feated alfo on the fame River, isl'ome- 
 times vifiied by our Etiglifh Merchants ; and more 
 >briliward ftand Briti\alaiirc and MnJJee, other 
 Cities of this;Kingdom. 
 
 MEl^AT, lies on the South of JrJfunI, and the 
 North of Beng.iH : A fmsll I'roviiicc, whnfc Capital 
 City is Narvnl, feated in the Latitude of ^9 D. Se- 
 veral other Tov;ns of note arc in this Province, 
 whereof f-fogipme and Navay^w ha\ e the advantage 
 of i;»^/iyfcFadoriescftablilhcd in thcni. 
 
 BENCALL, rhc larpeft and moft f.iinous King- 
 dom of the M3^«/'i Empire, lies on the South of the 
 Q)untries we lalt mcntion'd, along the Coaft of the 
 inner reccfs of the Sinus Gan^aicus, othiTwife call'd 
 the Bay of Bengal/, arxi the Banks of the River 
 Gaivfcs; which here falls into the fame Bay : ex- 
 tending from the Frontiers of the Kingdoni of ///•- 
 iJc.iDi, and the River C<iui- on the Eaft j to the boun- 
 daries of Orixr., and the mouth of the River Gu.'ngit 
 on the Weft ; which is rtckon'd no Leagues j and 
 from the Sea Coaft in the South, it extends Nonh- 
 ward, to the borders of S.itnh.il a little beyond the 
 River Gemini ; in the Latitude of 30. Dcg. whicji 
 makes about 110 Leagues. The Air of this Coun- 
 try is temperate and healthy as any in UUflan, ex- 
 ccpi Ci:Uimi're \ and thcSoil is rich .itiJ fruitful, being 
 watcr'd with the River G.iK«rs, tiut runs through the 
 middle of it from North to South, and divides it 
 felf into twt) large BraiKhes, which are again fub- 
 divided into many fmalier, before they fall into the 
 Bay ; the fame River receives alfo divers fmalier 
 ones And Rice, other Grains and Fruits are fo plen- 
 tifully pruduc'd here, that Bew^.i.'; is fometinics fiil'd 
 the Store-houfe of Alia ; it exceeds -'Egypt in Fertility 
 (fays Gimclii ' not only in Rice, Corn, Sugar, ,^nd 
 all other ncceflaries for Life, but abounds alfo in the 
 richeft Commodities as Silk, Cotton, Indigo, ^3c. 
 together with Oxen, Sheep, Hogs, Vcnifoii, Fowl 
 andFilh: abundance of Llephants arc found in the 
 Woods, and made tame and very uleful to the Inha- 
 bitants ; here are alfo Rhinoccrotes, Tygersand mu- 
 nv other wild Beafts. For Exportation they have 
 thel'c ufeful Commodities, vi-^. GiiiKcr, Long-Pep- 
 per, Cotton, Silk, Sugar, Aloes, Civir, Walking- 
 Canes, C^c. but efpecially Manufadtur'd Cotton- 
 Linncn, as Muzlings, and Calicoes of the fineft 
 forts, Silluand Hctba-Stufts, as Bcngalt, Llach( '», 
 
 and 
 
 ^ iili^'ll 
 
 
 '11 
 
164. 
 
 E/IST~INVIES. 
 
 and the fineft Raw-Silk next the Perfiati. The Couu- 
 try IS fiillof Callles and Towns, and the Inhabitants 
 are employed pither in manufaduring their Silk, 
 Cotton and Herba, (which by the way, is the Rind 
 of a Plant, that being pill'd off \iildsafine Thread, 
 which is woven into thofe pretty Stuffs, known to uj 
 by til : ijame of this Country) and Civiliz'il fofar 
 as from vicious Pirates, to become of a very cour- 
 teous and affable Difpofition. This Kingdom had 
 formerly a Prince of its oi^n, who was a Potent Mo- 
 narch, but overcome by the great Mogul in i ?8x, 
 and the Country made a Province of his F.mpire. 
 Afterwards the Governors he had appointed in it, fet 
 up for themfelves ; fo that Sha-J^raa, the Father of 
 Ameng-\ebt, was put to the trouble of conquering it 
 a fccond time; (ince when it has been undifputcdiy 
 fobjedb to that Emperor: And is divided into Four 
 Parts, 1'/^. I. B:r^iitl propet, otherwife nam'd the 
 Government of Ouleff.'- or Juganncr, being the Ma- 
 ritime part. 1. Pntana the Paitcrn Part. 3. £.'.1- 
 bai, or lidioiifs, the Northern ; and 4. Pitr'-p, 
 Mid-land. Before we procted to the account of the 
 Cities, 'tis neceffary to Corrcifl an Error very com- 
 mon inihe Maps, which fet down Bengr.llas the chief 
 City, whereas imteed there is either no fich Town, 
 or at moft but a very oblcurc cnc ; our Merchants 
 and Sea-men that have been there fo ofun, know no 
 fuch place, and according to the accounts of ihr fi- 
 tuacionof the City Bengali, it llwuli' fccmrhey mean 
 Chatigin, a place of confidcrable Traflick, > all'd 
 Porta MajO't by the Po'tu-.-iinc, fcatcd at the mouch 
 of the Eaftern Branch of the C.in^ei, over aRaintl 
 the fuppofed Bengali. The chief Cities of this King- 
 dom being, I^elmhufs or Prnyn, fuppofed t.i hi- the P.v- 
 libothra of Strabo and Ptolemy, which was the Metro- 
 polis of the Gtin^aridcs ; it ftands in the Northern 
 Confinei, at the Confluence of the Gemini with the 
 Gatigei, and is a' ■ refent a very flrong Forcification, 
 built about a hundred Years ago, being a Stone Ca- 
 ftle with a ftatcly Palace, the Scat of the Governor 
 of this part of the Kingdom ; lurroundcd with 
 three Walls and a deep Moat. The Miniit pretend 
 to llicw here the Sepulchre of Adnm and Eve, in an 
 ancient Subterranean Cave. Bamimcs or Benmou on 
 the Ealt lide the Cyanxrs, is a handfome built large 
 City, the Houfes of Brick and Stone, higher than 
 ufuai in hiJu, and noted for an Indi/tn Univerfity, 
 as is alfo tiudnet. Ctinnouxve on the Weft fide the 
 Ganges. Safercn near the great Pool Bnhrtti, a fpa- 
 cious City of high Houfes, built of aFoflll dug in 
 the neighbouring Quarries, and burnt to the hard- 
 nefs of Stone. Hotas, fomewhat diftant from the 
 River to the So'ith-weft, is a Fortrefs feated on an 
 inacceflible Hill, and furroundcd with three Moats 
 full of Fiih, and the Walls of that extent, as ro in- 
 clofc large Fields ; all which render the Place im- 
 pregnable. Soumelfm e, notable for the fine Diamonds 
 Found in its River, fuppofed to be wafhed down 
 from the neighbouring Mountains. Pntt/tim, feated 
 on the Wfit fide of the Grnges, and not on the Eaft 
 as fnine Maps place it, is for Largencfs and Kichnels 
 not exceeded by anv in the Kingilom ; but itsBiiil - 
 dings are not anfwerablc, being but low and mean; 
 'tis two Miles in length (two Loagues fays T<n'fwi> ) 
 and very Populous. Th's is the Rcfidence of a Go- 
 vernor of the ncighboiirmg Country, and the Stat 
 of an P.nghjh inA a Dmn Firtury, and efpcciallv 
 nf)table for Salt-Pctre. A little bvlow l'iti:,i Jie 
 thfRuintiof rii'. (-.niicc the larecltCifv in the World, 
 beuig a hundred Miles in conipafs : It was the Scat 
 
 of twenty fix Kings of Bengal!, every one whereof 
 difdaining to live in the Hoifc of his Predvtelior, 
 built a fumptuous Palace, which chiefly contributed 
 to the mighty extent of the Place : thu.-. fir Mr. M:,- 
 p?.il, an Ei.gUpi Traveller in thofe paits. But fa- 
 ther Toft with more piopability tells us, the Wall? 
 ai-e nine Miles in compafs, and cnclofe the Knjniiof 
 many noble Pallces ; at prcfent the place is alfi,olt 
 depopulated. Malda, a litt'e diftant from ilit Rj- 
 ver, is a large Town with a pt cd Trane, and tlic 
 Seat of an Englifh V^iAory. C.;//.h j.-^.i, Icatcd ,it 
 the Efflux of the Eaftern Arm of the ' <i '(■;. in the 
 Latitude of 16 D. is a City of very prear Tvaffitk, 
 efpecially for Silk. HijwK^l.nl, en the t.\lt-iii:t ot 
 the G.mges, at a little diftarce from it, aitd (,ii a 
 fmall River that falls into it, wliiiii maot^ coiruiri- 
 dious Haven, and brouiiht a vonlideiable Irjfficic 
 to the Town, it is well built, and was rouietiiiie 
 the Seat of the Goveriioiir of Bcngill ; lut T^tc m'-r 
 fays the Haven is choakcd up, and the I rade n'- 
 moved to Drtrc<», fume what n'orc to the Fait, and 
 feated on the little branrh tli.nt tuns crcfs tlic lilanj, 
 made by the two Armsofilif (taiigci, in 1 at. n ^0. 
 and extends in lenpth. along the Banks ( f the Kiver 
 five or fix Mi lef. It is tlic Sear of the Viccr. y or 
 Govcriionr of (?f",5 >// prrpcr, .nnd a place li vciy 
 great Tr.idc; rcfortcd to by Mcr, hanrs from C'mit 
 and divers parts o( ln.iin, and is adorned, with tnaiiy 
 good Buildir,t,s, cl'prcial'y the Houfes; wherein tiie 
 K'lgl'f and Dii;c!i Fa>3or,cs ri(id.\ 'Tis cxcie^ipg 
 rop"loiis, viryrich, and abounds with all Neiei- 
 lari.-s. ii:ri^^.:n flands near the fame I .it. as i).icc.\ in 
 th'-' Eaflern ',.rir, h of the (>';■'.-', a little Uiow 
 where the Rivrr Cr.,-. falls into ih:s S:ri.ani ; and was 
 a place of oonfiderablc liade, 1 ut dtclitud fince 
 //ujHf.'r isgrownup. C/ <5.'.'^.ih, Itands tiu th.' fam* 
 branch of the ^i-:>i,i s near its month, and :s a pijceof 
 confidcrable Tr.iflick, and by vv.iy of lin.nuncc 
 called TijiYi) »).!/"'' by the Vrtn.!>ii:^.-. Over ajjiinlt 
 it on the fame River, the common Map place b.v, ■.;.'', 
 whereof we have already fpokcii. Iln (■-/)■ or U:iii,ci), 
 flanils on the Weftcin or main Stream of \hc '>.-.«<:v, 
 in a fmad (land in the middle of the Kiver, al out 
 30 Leagues from its mouth, in the Lit. 14. 10. 1,' n. 
 106.30. ofvvhofc Original wo are loIJ, that tiie 
 Pnrtrguf^e Aboni too Years apo came hitlicr, and 
 built little Hutts to vend the C^oiiiiioditics they hjd 
 brought from divers neighbouring i'arts, ;uui were fo 
 far cncouraj^ed by ErkJ/.n; the Mi'g"l then Kemniiig, 
 thatthe^ b ilt aC ty, and had the entire [oil liion 
 of it, till turning Piiates, the Moinl expelled them; 
 but the City however encreafed, .ind became a large, 
 populous and wealthy place, the chief in all thefc parts 
 for EiiYojirtn Trade, at leaft for the Until'', who had 
 a very conlideraMc Fadory here ; bit that the 
 Fa£l ry IS now removed, perhaps roi^ccd b. the iiii- 
 wliolfomnefs of the Air, and fettled at Firt </'//.'- 
 tm. which was built in the Reign of his lateMajc- ■ 
 fty at Caicatt.i, feated on the '.V:n.;ej below //lyjc/;, 
 Farthir to theSoijili-Welt on the Bay of Sri/- , and 
 at the Mouth of the River Gueiie.i, in the I at ::. 
 Lnn. ic^i (laid* /J,i//<i/oir, formerly named ij.(/l'r;..<, a 
 reatonabUjJoo iHavcn and a Town of great 'I'laiie, 
 where air ilie /^)<;///.- have a Fadory. But this aiut 
 Hi.i.cly h.ivc bodi the misfortune to ftand in abac Air, 
 which makrs them at foinc times of theYearfnbiiit to 
 luiheairhii efs. A'l-jo e Hands on the Ian e (-'i:.if, 
 fiimcwh.it more to the South ; which, as alio i'. . >, 
 lintig,i J znA .li^e.iir. are Towns of Trade. M i'7 
 other cunildcrablc'l'o WHS are in this Kirigdoni, but 
 
 ihek 
 
 , On the Sout 
 
 t l*'I.IG4TE 
 
 ^iftfi of Diclsn, 
 
 empire, his 
 
 Mfrf with popi 
 
 '0 thevendt 'tf 
 
 yieJ*! the Emp 
 
 ^lef Tovfn at 
 
 Trade is remov 
 
 and populous T 
 
 «fe of Stone pr 
 
 "rgc with fair 
 
 provided With 1 
 
 th* Province I 
 
The Empire of the GaEAT Mogul. io<y 
 
 and as rr.^ny as the brevity of this work will lit us 
 cnnmeiatc : and therefore Diall pafs on to 
 
 O^fV//, a' Province formerly part of the King- 
 dom if Onlcontia, but now entirely cut off, and 
 maJcpart of thcMogiil's '-.tipirc; it lies between the 
 River Gucitgn on the North ; and Cvlconrta on the 
 Somh; that is from the icth to tliciid D. of Lat. 
 The cliief Town which gives Name to the Province, 
 Itands in tlie middleof it onaHill, loo Miles from 
 the Sea. Betides which lir.tihmn, fcatcd on the River 
 
 Gil '*:; ('■".ipam, Mui.cipatitm and P.ilhor on the 
 CoaiV, art" reckoned princiraj Towns of thisProvincc : 
 whofe South part bears the Title of V.ikiigind. 
 
 Frr)m hence crofllng the River ducnga, we enter 
 the Kingdom of BEi(.ii\, a Province featcd on the 
 Wcit of liciig.nlli on cl;c North of Oiixu; and be- 
 tween them two Mr.iv.ty and C.'mivii;. The chief 
 Ci^y is Schti,-i\ not very corfidciable, nor arc there 
 any Towns of any great Note mentioned by Tra- 
 vellcts in this Country. 
 
 CH^INDIS or K.'lt^DISH that lies next to it, is a 
 Kingdom of larger Extent; bounded on the South by 
 Oiix^indDecM; on the North by Mtth/jyandChiror ; 
 rnthe Eaft by Bc««.'// ; and on the Weft hy Gu:{nrnt, 
 It has tlie advantage of a good Soil, being watered 
 with the Giiciigit, and the , River T-rpte which rifes 
 in its Mountains, and paliir.g Weftward falls into 
 the Piay o^Cambay.-i at Siirar. Upon this River flands 
 the Capital City B ainpo'e, whence fometimes the 
 whole Kingdom is denominated, a large place, but 
 the Buildings low, and the Air unhealthy; it is for- 
 titicd with a ilfong Caftle and reckon'd a good Fron- 
 tier, where the Governour relides, who is coirironly 
 a Son or forac fKar Relation to the Emperor ; The 
 Town is noted for the manufafture of fine Caliccts 
 interwoven with Gold, which they vend abroad to 
 divers Countries ; A few Miles North from Brum- 
 fere ltandsH(ij!rf'''',aFortref»nf impregnable Strength, 
 being fcated on a craggy Mountain, and furnithed 
 with'ioo pieces of Ordinance. Taulhcure, featcd on 
 the River Titptf, te a confiderable City, as is aifo 
 Moudme, on the Frontiers of Chitor. Canmf, a 
 City from which the Countr/ is by feme named 
 the Government of Cunorr; in whofeneighbourhodd 
 ftand ScdM/'^e, Cjiidrr and Siinlwn, The South part 
 of this Kingdom isinhabitatcdby Binenni, who were 
 fgr fome time governed by a King of their own .■ 
 , Their chief Towns are buyintotc ( whereof the King 
 Was allowed to keep his Title after the Mcgul had 
 conquered him) Netheil'oy ani Sithrte ■ And on the 
 Moumains ih the South-Well is the Country formerly 
 p:neircd by a certain i^n/.t named Pitrtafphi:. 
 
 On the South of Chityicfrs lies the Province of 
 Sil-l..iG4TE-^ which was formerly Subjctll ro the 
 King of Dicin, but rtov* a Province of the Magnt'i 
 Empire. It is a fruitful and plealant Country, well 
 bcftt with potiutolis Towns and Vilhiprs. According 
 to thcvendt 'tis one of the rtcheft Pi^ovinccs, and 
 yielth the Emperor 15 Millions per ytmtum. The 
 chief Towti at pre'fent is Anrcht-nkid, to which the 
 Trade is removed from thitnbat ; it is a ver^ large 
 and popnlons Town but has rto Wall. The buildings 
 are of Stone pretty high and rteat, the Streets wt 
 Urge with fair Trees grovsirfg in them,and the Honfos 
 provided *ith plealant Gardens. The (jOvernonr 6t 
 th» Province refidcs here j he is always a Prince of 
 
 the Blood, and Aureni-Xjh himfclf in his Fathers, 
 tirte enjoyed it. 
 
 Dottahad, which was the Capital of the Province, 
 and a Place of great Trade when under the Kirig of 
 Dccttn, is a good large Town fnrrounded with Stone- 
 Walls, Battlements and Towers mbuntcd with 
 Canon, with a Citadel on a Hill which is ft'rongly 
 Fortified, and three other Forts at the foot of the 
 Hill, all which make it efleemed the ftrongeft place 
 the Moiul has, and a valuable Frontier : the King 
 has a Palace in the Cittadel. The Dominions of thia 
 Emperor extend ftill more to the Southward ; part of 
 the Province of Tdengt, and the fmall Province 
 BdgUiia, both taken out of the Kingdom of Decan, 
 being fubjcft to him. 
 
 Bcdir,the Capital ofTBLF.NGA.is a large City cn- 
 compafled with Brick Walls, and Towers mounted 
 with Cannon, fome of which arc extiieam large, and 
 aGarrifonof sooioldicrs, and 700 Gunners, which 
 are kept in good order, by reafon of the importance 
 of this Frontier Town againft Ocean. The Go- 
 vernour is always a Perfon of the higheft Quality, 
 and lodges in a Cattle which ftands without the 
 Town ; theother^chief Town is Calion. 
 
 BALAGNA,\i a fmall Trad of Land lying between 
 
 BalUgittc on the Eaft, Gu'^irnt on the North, Tclenga 
 and the Mountains of SfM^jr on the South, and the 
 For; //^Mfjji; Country on the Wclf. The chief Town 
 is called Moulei. I find iiothinp confiderable of this 
 Province, and therefore lliall now end my account 
 of the Empire of the Great Mogul, having lead my 
 Reader quite round it. 
 
 BUT Having received an ample Relation of the 
 Death of AuLtig-^fh, and the Siicceflion, by the 
 Shiping now jult come in fincc the Printing of what 
 we have faid in Page ^4. we cannot omit inccrting it 
 here. 
 
 A Re/dtion rf the Death of Aureng-Zeb, and 
 the Buttle hetmecn his Sons, Hfc. fent from 
 Fo;*/ Sr. George, z';? January 170^-7. 
 
 «/^N the iBth of the Moon :^ull(lhuda, being 
 ^-^ • Tiicfdny (whi.h anfwcrs to the 1 8th of Fe- 
 briiary 1706-7.) between twelve and one of the 
 Clock in the Afternoon, died Awent-Z^b, in his 
 Camp at Amitdit.i^.v, three Days Journey from 
 AUreii^-AbaJ, in the iliSch Year of the Hegirti. 
 in the 1)1 11 Year of his Ai»e, and in the one .inil 
 fiftieth Year of his Rrign. His Body was foon af- 
 ter without mm h Ceremony carryed to Aureng- 
 Abitd, and the re interred in a Garden. About tha 
 
 ■ beginning of his laft Sicknefs, he difpatched his 
 ' youngelt Son K/ini-B/tchih to I'ii'uifore, whereof he 
 ' made him a Grant, and alfo of the Kingdom of 
 
 • Golcondft. And his other Son A\cm turif he ordered 
 ' the contrary way toward Mntvity, apprehendingf 
 
 ■ what would be the Fate of the Youngeft, if he 
 ' fell into his Hands, and in taking leave, gave hicn 
 ' his Ring off hi? Finger. To this Second Son he 
 ' gave (as gcnetally it is reported) all the Dcbcitn 
 
 • Coumry, etcept Vifmftrc and Gokmda before men- 
 ' tioncd, which cdntains in it, befides thofe x Kingr 
 ' doojs, four great Sulah's, vir. the Suhuh di Aureng- 
 ' AbAd, the Subxh of Xophtr-Abud, the Subah of 
 ' 9tr»t, afid the Subnh of Chmdifh : And two Siibabi 
 ' more in iiindmjltin, viz- the Subab of Gu^nrette, 
 
 P ani 
 
 %m. 
 
 rM 
 
 ^, i.i 
 
 yll^iSi-i 
 
 m. 
 
 \4 
 
 i 
 
 V*5 
 
10^ 
 
 EJST^INDIBS. 
 
 d 
 
 I 
 
 and the SuMj of Mahaji : And the reft of the 
 Empire he left to Shah AnUm. A^em 'twa {or 
 .i^em Shith) was not advanced very far on his Way, 
 \vhen News was brought him of his Father's 
 Deaih, whereupon he immediately returned to 
 the Camp, and with the confent of all the Onirahs 
 prefcnt, on the loihof the nexr Month, viz. ^u/- 
 'i/«, he afcended his Fathers Throne, and in fome 
 Time after he removed to Aurcni-Abad with the 
 Army, and having flaid there the fiift i o Days of 
 the Moon Mebenum (which are Days of Lamen- 
 tation for the Death of Hiijein and Hafmi, and 
 reckoned unlucky ) about the middle of this Moon, 
 which fell upon the $th or 6th of April 1707. he 
 began his March towards HinJowfhn, hoping to 
 get to one of the two Capital Cities, vi7[. to Dellic 
 or ./ijr,;, before the Eldcft Brother, but he failed: 
 For being advanced near the Banks of Chunpull, 
 \Tlchcmbcl oii] he find his Brother with his Army to 
 be encamped on the other fide ; whereupon he put 
 his Father's Haram, i. e. his Women, and all his 
 own Baggage into GualUeir under the Care of 
 /Ijycd Ch.ui, (ic and then advancing towards his 
 Brother, he gave him Battle. 
 ' The Accounts we have of this Adlion fror^ feve- 
 ral Parts differ very much in many Particulars; but 
 they all agree in this, That in the beginning of the 
 Battle, A^nn Shah's Army had the Advantage of 
 the Enemy, and the Vidory for fome time fecmed 
 to be on their fide ; for they broke the tirft Fouge 
 (Brigade) of the Enemy commanded by A:(im 
 Vddcen^ fecond Son to Shr.h Aalam, Ba^ Chan who 
 commanded the Vanguard being killed, and almofl 
 all his Men ; and forced A:(tm Vddeen to turn 
 his Elephant, and retire v/ich his Troops in great 
 Diforder for a whole Krow (or League) leaving 
 his Tents and all his Baggage as Plunder to the 
 Enemy. Here, on A^emShah bore the Nagbara 
 of Vitftory. But Aj^tm Vddeen in fome time ral- 
 lied again ; and his Father and elder Brother com- 
 ing up with their Fougcs, both Armies engaged i 
 and the Fight was maintained very obninately on 
 both (ides for a long time- At laft heedur Bacht, 
 A:;cm Shnh'i Eldelt Son, who fought in the Front 
 of his Fathers Army, happened to be killed on his 
 Elephant ; whereupon the Elephant turned, and 
 his whole Fouge was put into Dilorder and ran 
 away, and with hiin, I think, was killed his Son, 
 Beedtr Dill. In fome time after li'aU Jitc, 4^em 
 Shnh'i Second Son waslikewife killed upon his Ele- 
 phant, and his Fouge ;mt to the Rout: When A:{em 
 Shttk faw his two Sons were dead, he grew Defpe- 
 rate, and laid all is now I oft, I have nothing left 
 me but to Die; and rufliing into the thickeftof the 
 Enemy, was there killed : But how, or by what 
 Hands he received his Death, is varioufly reported- 
 This Battle was fought on the 1 9th Day of I{ebia VI 
 Au'/, Anno. Hcg. 1 119. which in our Account was 
 the 8th of Jum; and Trinity Sunday, 1707. about 
 ten Leagues from Agra, 
 
 ' Since that Battel 5^a/i i4ii/^m hath continued in 
 quiet Polfeilion of the Throne, and hath mthingto 
 fear but hisownSons, who are four in Number, and 
 have fo Jealous an Eye upon one another, that none 
 of then) dare leave the Court for fear of what may 
 be prai5lifed in their Abfcnce by them that (lay 
 behind, for which reafon the Empire is in a great 
 Meafurc yet unfettled. 
 
 ' K^tm Uadijh, remains yet poflefled of ViJi*pote,»nd 
 Shah Ankm they fay, is willing he ihould continue 
 
 fo ; but his Sons will not Confent to it- There 
 hath been a conftant Talk ever fince the Battle at 
 Chunpull, that one of Shah Aalam's Sons was com- 
 ing with an Army into the Dehcan Country, to Set- 
 tle Affairs in all thefe Parts; but hitherto no Prince 
 hath come down, and no Army bath been fcnt into 
 Dehcan that we hear of. 
 
 ' Since the Writing of the Account above, we are 
 Advis'd from feveral Parts, that the true Reafon 
 why the Government is not yet fettled, is, that the 
 i^«^rt^0H« have furroundcd Agra, and block'dupall 
 the Avenues to the Place, permitting none to go 
 in or come out, but whom they plcafe : And it is 
 by reafon of this Blockade that there are no new 
 Ciovernours fent to the feveral Provinces of the 
 Empire, no Orders for Coining of Money with 
 Shah /lalam's Stamp, or for Praying for him in 
 their Mafgids, ff'c. Himfelf, his Sons, and all his 
 great Omrahs being (hut up in that City. 
 ' The Occafion of this Blockade we underftand 
 to be this. Shnh Aalam upon the News of his Fa- 
 ther's Death, left Cahiil, where he had been Vice- 
 toy for fome Years, and marched with his Army 
 diredlly towards Dc//iV ; and at the fame time 
 wrote to the Rajahs or Heads of the Hajapours ( of 
 which Nation it is faiJ his Mother was) to come 
 and affift him in his Expedition ; The Ragepours 
 promifed to come to his Afliftance, provided he 
 would give them his Kowl, to reltore to them the 
 fame Priviledges and Immunities which they en- 
 joyed in Shah Jehan's time. This Shah Aalam grant- 
 eel without much difficulty ; and thereupon the 
 Rajahs or Heads of the F^ajapeurs joined him with 
 their Forces, and promifed to (land by him, and 
 fet him on the Throne, or die in the Attempt, which 
 fome of them Adlually did in the Battle of CAhr. 
 pull: After Sbah-AMm hadgain'dthe Vidlory in 
 that Battle, and was now in tiuiet PolTellion of the 
 Throne, the Hagepoun minded him of his Kowl, 
 and defired his Majefty to put it in Execution. 
 ' Shah AaUm, who never cared much which way 
 the World went, much lefs now in his dotage and 
 old Age, was not unwilling to perfo'i, his Kowl; 
 but his two Eldcft Sons veheni 'y oppofed it, 
 urging that they could never aniv. it to God or 
 to the World, if after Aureng-^cb 1 gone fo far 
 to deftroy Idolatry out of the Empiie, and «o efta- 
 bli(h the true Religion in its ftcad, that they 
 (hould now Confent to the fetting up of Idolatry 
 again. 
 
 ' Thus matters ftood, by our laft Advices from 
 thofe Parts. 
 
 ' Now, in order to underftand the Contents of 
 this Kowl, wc are to know, that Aureng-^eb, af- 
 ter he found himfelf eftablifli'd in the Throne, out 
 of his great Zeal for Mahomctnnijm, order'd all 
 the Pagodes or Heathen Temples within t! '' '- 
 pire to l>e (hut up ; theit* Imiiges to be brokm, uu- 
 ried in the Ground, orotherwife made away with; 
 order'd Beef to be publickly kill'd and fold in the 
 Bazars; And their Temple at A^""/'' W be Demo- 
 lifh'd, which to the Hindoos was a Mother-Temple, 
 a Place of (ing^ilar Holinefs above all others, and 
 and whither they went in Pilgrimage from all Parts 
 of the Empire. And befides all this, he laid a 
 PoU-Tax, or more properly, a Lock-Tax, upon 
 the Hunnood, ( Hindoo People ) throughout the Em- 
 pire ; obliging all People that wore a Lock of 
 Hair upon the Crown of theii Heads, ( which the 
 Hindoos all do ) to pay a certain Sum Yearly to 
 .. . . - , 'the 
 
The Teninfula of India mthin the Ganges. 107 
 
 • ilie King. The Wealthy and the Able wac oblig'd 
 ' to pay 20 l{!ipc/is a Head, and fo downward in 
 ' proportion to their Ability. And whatever I'ownor 
 ' Country they came into, they were obliged to pay 
 ' this Tax, it they could not produce a Certificate, 
 ' that they had paid it alrcaiiy in the Place of their 
 'Abode. The poorerfoit in order to evade this Taz, 
 ' have fometimes rut oft this 1 ock, but that would 
 'ti^tcxcule them : And it" tliey urgd, they had no- 
 ' thing to pay it with : the Anfwcr was. Then you 
 ' mult turn Mahmcia/i. This Tax is call'J 'Jit-^inl'. 
 ' Now Shr.ii Aalnm in the afc^remenrion'd Kowl 
 ' proiniled to remove all thefc Gri vances. vl-{. To 
 ' take oft" this Tax, to permit them the free ufc of 
 ' their Temples, to rebuild K'^njfe, and to futtcr no 
 ' Beef to be killed or fold publickly. 
 
 ' 1 he Names of the twelve Moons, or Months, 
 ' which make up the Mahonxtim Year, arc, I. Mt- 
 ' hruirii. i. Scpher. 3. Hrl>i,i ul Aut. 4. I\cbia 
 
 /III I. C. Cit-.m.tJee ul 
 9. R^.mc^nii. 10. Sim- 
 
 ' u! Acher. 5 . Ci/imadec ul 
 
 * ilchn, T.Hejeb. S.Shai.vi. <). i^i:me:(i'.>i. ic 
 
 * vn!. I I. \iill{aut/i. li, ^iilliaja. 
 
 ' Thefc twelve Moons make up the Mi')'im:t.m 
 
 * Year, without any intercalation of Days or Moiitlw 
 ' to bring it to anfwcr with the S"l.v : fo that every 
 ' new Year begins 1 1 Days fooner than the former. 
 ' For inftance, Suppofc the Moon Md'cn urn in the 
 ' 1 1 19. of the Hcgira, began the lld. of March ^ i;i 
 ' the Year mo. it will begin on the iith. of that 
 ' Month. So that their Fcltivals and Solemn Times, 
 ' do not fall on any fet Time or Seafon of the Year, 
 ' but run round. For Example, Their Hr.nic:;a>i or 
 ' I cnt, which in the Year 1696. fell in Apnl, in the 
 ' Year 1707. fell in Kcvmiber. And by this Ac- 
 ' count we find, that though Aureiig-':^cb dii d in the 
 '91ft. Year of his Age, according to their reckoning; 
 ' yet, according to ours, he wanted about two Years 
 ' and a half of it. 
 
 Of the Peninfula of INDIA, 
 
 WITHIN THE 
 
 G A N G E 
 
 For a Map confult that of the MOG UL's Empire, to which this is annexed. 
 
 THF, Peninfula of INDIA within, or 
 on the hither fide of the River Cnti^cs, 
 is featcd between the poih. and the 100 
 Dcgr. of Longitude ; and between the 
 Sth. aiiii the 20th. Dcgr. of North Latitude, being 
 cantiguous on the North with liiJJt.m, butothcrwifc 
 fjrrouudtd by the Sea ; th.it is, the Indian Sea on 
 the Weft and Somh,' and the Bay of Betiyni/ on the 
 Eaft .- It is divided from Ccjihu by the Straights of 
 hkii.v, on the South-K.xft, and is diftanced froni 
 M.i/.io'rt and the Peninfula beyond G.rn^ v, near goo 
 Leagues, by the Intervention of that Great B.iy or 
 Sea, to which in general, is gi\en the Name of ife«- 
 ^j//, though the inner Part of ic only, may properly 
 bear that Appellation. The breadth of this Land 
 ill the North Part is near 5co Miles, but dccreafcs 
 Southward, growing narrower by Degrees till ic end 
 ill a Point at Cape Comorhi. 
 
 The Air is txceflive Hot, being feated under the 
 firft, fecond, and part of the third Clinuesuf ihe 
 Torrid Zone ■ So that the Inhabitants for the moll 
 part go naked : Nevcrchelefs the Soil protiuccs 
 plenty (if all Nec"(Iarics, as Rice, divers forts of 
 Fruit!., Pepper, and Ibmc other Spices, Cotton and 
 •Silk; but efpccially this Land yields Diamonds, 
 and other precious Stones, and its Sea affords Pearls. 
 A great Ridge (;f Mountains runs along the middle 
 of the Country, ficin Ri/»iiger to Cape Ccmorin; 
 they are called the Mountains lic Gate or BaH.igate ; 
 and it u very remarkable, that at the fame fame 
 time that the Weather is fiiltry Hot on one fide of 
 thefc Mountains, it is feverely Cold on the other 
 lide, though in the fame Degree of Latitude. A 
 great Number of the Towns ari Catties on the 
 Co.ifts of this Peninfula, are ntii i olfeuioii of the 
 I'miigitcfr, V.hgUp^, and IJ'Hjr.u: s. 
 
 The Country contains a great NninK r of King- 
 iloms, but thoVe for the iiioft \'\r. ire very fmall, 
 atid the I{.tjai or Kings, Tribuudes or Homagers at 
 
 leaft, to a more powerful Monarch ; wherefore ic 
 will not be ncceffary to divide it according to its 
 Kingdoms, but we (hall rather confidcr it in five 
 large Parts, i-ii^. 
 
 The Coafts and Country of Malabar. 
 
 Oecan, with Cuncan, Balaguata and Canara. 
 
 The Kingdom of Golconda, 
 
 The Kingdom of Bijhrgar with the Coafts of 
 
 Cnrfrnandel, 
 The PriiicipaJities of ";«!;>, Tr.iijcuar and Ma- 
 dura, with the Filhing Coaft. 
 
 The Subdivifions and chief Cities whereof arc feen 
 in this Table. 
 
 Chief Towns. 
 Cilfcut P.v:nne I'abur -, 
 
 Ch.iU Parcngale 
 fCalecUt ^Ti-.no:- Cnriga Paniir 
 
 ICotigi^n Bipur Cuciimm 
 Chomb.ys Bad<ira Muiieingue 
 
 Ui 
 
 ^ ) 
 
 Cononor 
 
 Cranj^anor 
 
 Cochin 
 
 Coulam 
 Travancour 
 
 Porcah 
 Caiecoulam 
 Mutetta 
 Marta 
 
 J (km 
 ld:m 
 Idem 
 
 Idem 
 Idem 
 
 Viafin or 
 
 iN'siv Orange 
 
 ntat/idnvaJur 
 
 I? 
 
 O 
 
 Cotatc 
 
 idem 
 Idem 
 Idem 
 Podiagabo 
 
 Anpamala K.- Changanor K.. 
 Mangata K.. Paru K- 
 Turnbale iiC. Kingd. of Pepper 
 Changanatc K- 1 rivilor K.- 
 Panalepy AC- Tccantutcs f^. 
 Mallians Pffl/'/f. 
 
 On the 
 
 'Montains. 
 
 '■W 
 
 ]\\M 
 
 Chief 
 
 ;'*.ii!lk 
 
 1i '■ 
 
io8 
 
 EASr^WDlES. 
 
 -3 
 
 J 
 
 Chief Towns. 
 ''DecanK- CyinJani>g/tr Clutut 
 propcrlj fo \Ks^ky Danda 
 call'ti. CBider Sefnrdon 
 
 
 BalUgateJ^. Dolttbad Bider 
 Cuncan Kj 
 
 Vifidfor Sokpour Pitnnda 
 ff^nierta Carapatan Ctntdfour 
 Dttl/ul AlH»ia Baidai 
 
 Q 
 
 Carutia Coun- 
 try compre- 
 hending the 
 Kjnid. of 
 
 »Onor 
 , Baticila 
 
 Onar Barcelor 
 Baticila 
 
 (Gavaradn-Niighar 
 rGarzopa <^k.ke'^' ^hinefi 
 ISathor 
 
 The City of Goa W /*» //?<»»rf Anchcdiva 
 . The Country of Salfette. 
 
 • J (Bainatar Gotcond* Condapolf 
 TheKjiiid. fcundavera Bellmeonda 
 of GolconJa 1.g^„,- ^j Couhur Cuadavnri 
 
 (Bifnag/iror ChMdegry Vehur 
 The K^iiiid. Jcl,ativer Narfwin Cirangafatan 
 c/BifiUgar. IpcUiongn Tripity 
 
 And the Conjl) 
 cf Coro- 
 maiidel. 
 
 ■ Maifulipataa Pettipole Caceirt 
 I Caletour Perma Fort Geldria 
 I Paliaeate Meliapur or St. Thomas 
 \ Fort St. George and Madrffpatatn 
 ' Tirpolier area! Negapatam 
 'Tranguebar Fort St. David 
 
 C GingJ 
 T'le three \ Tanjouwar 
 
 Gingi Cidambarm 
 
 Tanjotmar 
 Priiicipa- y Negapatan, 
 
 liciesof ./ Madura f Maj/HM Tuteeay 
 Naiques j and the jTrichandiir Catipatam 
 of / Fifhing- j/W<iw4wcor Manapur 
 
 &c. 
 
 , Coafl t Jacancurg 
 
 MALABAR, lies on the Weft fide of the Monn- 
 tains Ballagr.te ; but Geographers arc not agreed of 
 its extent, with rcfpeft to the Northern Boundary ; 
 fomc carrying it as high as Cape Darame, or Cabodes 
 Hamci^ and the River Aliga near Goa ; and fo in- 
 clude Ca),ara in that general Name ; but Sanfon and 
 others cut off that Country, and fo Malabar istcbe 
 reckoned no farther Northward than the River Can- 
 gerecora, a little beyond Conanor ; between which 
 and Cape Comorin in the South may be reckon da- 
 bout ) 5 o Miles, but its breadth is at moft i oo Miles, 
 and in the Southern Part not half fo much. It is 
 divided from Coromandct on the Eaft by the Ridge 
 of Mountains, and on the Weft and South, it is 
 ivalhed by the Indian Sea. The Coafts have many 
 commodious Bays and Harbours, which invite Mer- 
 chants from all Parts : but it is much infefted by 
 Mahometan Pirates, except where the European Efta- 
 blilhments hinder them. The Country is watered 
 with many Rivulets, and the Soil is fruitful in Pep- 
 per, Cardamum, Ginger, Aloes, Bezoar-ftones, Salt- 
 petre, W.ix and Honey, Ctton, Coconuts, ^ . The 
 Pepper of Cakcut is leifer in Grain, than thofe of 
 (i.nionoi and Cochin, and the beft of all grows in the 
 In-land Coumuwi ; this Plant is of a weak Ihiall 
 
 Stem, and upheld by Poles like out Hops, each Stent 
 bears fix Bunchesof a foot long, each of which con- 
 tain many Grains } they are gathered green in QSo- 
 btr and November, and being dried in the Sun, turn 
 black. Tiie Winter in Malabar begins in May and 
 continues till November, during which time theRainj 
 fall. Injanuary, February, ind March, the Weather 
 is excelfive hot in the day time, but in the Night as 
 cold, and every Day they have a Sea Breeze, and 
 every Night a Land Wind. From ?««* till N(niem- 
 btr the Winds are fo boifterous, that the Coaft is 
 fcarce Navigable. l^Bald^us."} The Country was 
 formerly all fubjeiA to one Monarch, but at prefenc 
 many Kiiigs Reign there, over whom he of Calicut 
 pretends a Superiority, and called himfelf ^amorin 
 or Emperor, but his Glory is palfed away, and liL 
 Country is at prefent a kind of Ariftocracy, thus we 
 are told by Modern Travellers ; but I find by B/il- 
 dtiuj, that in the Year i66i. the i^aOTor/M reigned 
 with grcatPower. However, we fhall confidet the 
 Country as it was formerly governed j for the Revo- 
 lutions are fo various and frequent, that it is impof- 
 (ible to trace them. 
 
 Thechief Kii^domsof MALABAI{, are thofe of 
 Caleout, CanoHor, Cranganor, Cochin, and Coulm, 
 befldes which there are many others ; as Tr<iMii- 
 cour, adjoining to Caulam, Porcha, and Caleeoulm, 
 the former adjoining to CocAi'w, and the latter to it j 
 the Englijh trade to Porcah, and the Dutch have a 
 Fa(!tory there. Muterta, Marta, and Batymcna, three 
 •tber fmall Kingdoms adjoining alfo to Cochiti, and 
 divers fmall Principalities fubjeft to the 7[amorin. 
 There are alfo eleven fraalJ Kingdoms in the Moun- 
 tains, M?- Mangate and Paru j the Kingdom of I'tp. 
 per, Turnbale, Changanate, Changanor, TriviUr, Pn. 
 nnpely, Angamale, the Kingdom of the Tecantmii, 
 and the People of the Mountains of Panda ; and 
 laflly, at the top of the R'ountains live the People 
 call'd Malliani, whofe chief Town is Priate. The Ci- 
 ties of chiefeft Note in all thefe Kingdoms, are thefe. 
 
 Entring this Continent on the South, ws firll 
 meet Cape Comorin, heretofore call'd Cory, Coma. 
 ria, and Comaria Extrenia : Situate in the 7th. Deg. 
 30 Min.of North Latitude, 60 Leagues Weft from 
 the Coaft of Ceylon ; in paffing thejKe Northward, 
 isfeen 
 
 COTjfTE, the Capital of the Kingdom of Travim- 
 cor, a Place of great Traffick, and adorned with a 
 Chr!\iian Church built in the Year 1600. Travm' 
 eor, which gives name to the Kingdom, fuppofedto 
 be thcCotiary of Ptolemy, and Matadavalur, a large 
 City in the fame Kingdom. 
 
 COfVLAM, the Capital of the Kingdom thence de- 
 nominated, is a large City feated in a moft fenile 
 Soil and healthy Air, in the 9th. Degree of North 
 Latitude : it has the advantage of a very commo- 
 dious Haven at the mouth of a River, and was taken 
 by the Portugue:(e in 1505. who built anew Town, 
 and ftrengthened it with good Walls, and a For' 
 trefs, but were however beaten out by the Dutch 
 in 1661. 
 
 CALBCOVLAM, the Q^ital of another King- 
 dom, was formerly a good City, but being deftroy d 
 by the Portu^ue:(i in 1313. it hath ever fincc conti- 
 nued in low 6ftate ; however, for the fake of the 
 Spice Trade, the Dutch have a Factory there. 
 
 PQl^CA, 
 
 ?ui?^(? Wars ag: 
 Place; the 
 
The Teninfuld of India within the Ganges. io^ 
 
 PORPA, the Capital of a fmall Kingdom of a- 
 bout 5 a Milci extent, where the Englijh have a Fa- 
 dory for Pepper, which grows plentifully there. 
 Citinpely is the name of the chief Town of Bntymeun 
 Kingdom, at Podiataboy otbetwife Mawlj/care, is of 
 Martit ( and Mutcrttt of the fmall Principality of the 
 fame Name. 
 
 COCHIN, the Capital ot a powerful Kingdom, 
 whofe Prince is the only one in Malnbar that dares 
 difpute with the S^amorin of CaUcut ^ is a large Ci- 
 ty, or father two Cities a Mile and half amnder, 
 but however almoft united by Suburbs : The upper 
 or ancient Cochin, ftandt about four Miles up the Ri- 
 ver from the Sea ; and is the Seat of the King, 
 whofe Palace is a hne Building after the Eurofenn 
 nianner ; the Streets are large and the Town popu- 
 lous : 1 lie lower or new Town Aands two Miles 
 lower on the fame River, which makes a commo- 
 dious Haven j it was built by the Portuguese, and 
 had many Chriftian Churches, wl.ereof that of the 
 Jcjulis was the fineft, having a ftatcly Tower and a 
 Ring of Bells. Tis a place of great Traffick, and 
 was polfeffed by the Portugueife from the Year 1 $04. 
 till 1 663 . when the Dutch beat them out, and have 
 ever flnce poflelfed it ; and as both Baldtus and 
 Ni'sH/'Dj^'confcfs, deflroyedmanyof the fine Churches 
 and Cbnvcnts, and reduced the City to a much 
 fmaller Compafs, for the fake of fortifying it the 
 more ftrongly ; the River runs on the South lide of it, 
 and on the Weft it is walhed by the Sea, the Haven 
 iias 17 or 18 Fathom Water (fays Buldiius)^ High- 
 tide, and the Town ftands in the i ath Deg. Lat. 
 Vaipiv, a fmall Ifland in the River, which was for- 
 merly a notable Sanduary, is now poflelred by the 
 Dutch, who have built a Fort in it called Keiv Orai.ge. 
 
 Cl{AKG4N0I{_, the Capital of the Kingdom of 
 that Name, (lands upon the River Chatun, 20 Miles 
 North from Cochin, and not far from the Sea ■ The 
 Pouugut:{e built a Fort near it, and took the City, 
 but were beaten out of both by the Dutch in 1661. 
 Ic is fituate on the Banks of the River about a League 
 from the Sea, defended by a Wall of Earth, and a 
 Stone Breaft-work, which had (even Baflions and 
 the Wall of Earth three more. At the point near 
 River, remains ftill a flrong Stone Tower for De- 
 fence of the River ; and on the oppofite fide of the 
 River towards Cochin, ftands the Redoubt called 
 Pallipcrt, on an Ifland named Saypin, which ekteads 
 to the River of Cochin. [Nieubojf.) 
 
 From Crangunor Northward lies the Kingdom of 
 C/iUCZT, vvbofe King, as we have faid, was called 
 7^tmori)i Or Emperor, and was a powerful Monarch, 
 able to bring into the Field an Army of 1 00000 or 
 more He had a vafi Revenue ariling by Tributes, 
 Cuitoms, and the Monopoly of Pepper. The City 
 Cnlicu: ftands upon the Sca-fho»r in the nth. Degi'. 
 of North Latitude 5 a large Place, being as fome re- 
 late eleven Miles in Compafs, but the Buildings 
 very ordinary ; it was a City of great Trade, and 
 was notable loo Years ago, cfpccially for the Portw 
 ?ttf ^c Wars againft it, but now a poor and obfcurc 
 Place; the Palace ftands aijout a Wile from the 
 Town, it is large and furrounded with a low Wall, 
 but the Apartments are proper and well adorned. 
 PiiniDie, about 50 Miles from c<i/iW, is a Place of 
 Trade alfo, having an excellent Haven : 'Twashere 
 the Portufue^e firft arrived, when they difcovered 
 
 the Etft'Indiet ; and by the ^amorin were at firft 
 well entertained, but bad afterwards long and grie* 
 vous Wars with him, wherein the two CaAles 
 that guarded this Haven were demoUlhed; Palur, 
 where the^I/iworinfometimesrefided. Chule, not far 
 from Cnlccut, where the Portugue:{e once had a Fon ; 
 and Parxngale a Town of confiderable Traffick ; are 
 the other chief Cities of this Kingdom. "Which 
 being the moft confiderable, the whole Country 
 of Mulab/ir is fometimes called Cnlecut. Several 
 fmall Principalities are fubjedl to the :^amorin .- As 
 T//NO^, a petty Kingdom, whofe Capital of the 
 fame Name, is a Sea-port between Cochin and 
 Galicut • CVRJGjI between Pamme and Crr.ngKnor • 
 PANVR^, COTIGAN, BIPVH^, CVCV^4N, and 
 AVH_10LA, In-land Countries ; a.ni Chombap, 
 Brt(/.jrrtand Movtingue, three Ports '/ng Northward 
 from Calecut : But it muft be own ■, . however, that 
 his Dominions are not very large ; for fromCocA-iw, 
 which as we have faid, is the Capital of a confide- 
 rable Kingdom, it is not much above 1 00 Miles to 
 
 CANONOIi, the chief Town of another King- 
 dom, which is the moft Northern Part of Malabar, 
 a Country of fertile Soil, whofe Capital of the 
 fame Name is feated about 11 Miles from the Sea, 
 upon the River Batipatam, which makes an excel- 
 lent Haven, and the City was a Place of great 
 Trade, but decay 'd of late Years, fays Baldxus. The 
 Portuine:{e built a Fort here in 1505. which en- 
 creafed into a Town, and was call'd new Ctnonor ; 
 it was taken from them in 1664. by the Dutch, who 
 ftill hold it, and drive a good Trade there for Pepper. 
 
 From Malithar, Nortliward to the Confines of 
 the Empire of the Mogul, lies the< largq Country 
 which bears the general Name of DEC AN or DE- 
 Cam, though that Kingdom be but a fmall Part of 
 it : It is bounded on the North, by the Kingdom of 
 Gujarat ; on the South, by Makbar ; on the Eaft, 
 by the Kingdoms of Golcendit and Bifnagar j and on 
 the Weft, by the Ocean. It comprehends the three 
 Kingdoms of Decam, Cuncati) and Bataguata, the 
 Ifland of Go<j, the Ifland Sitlfideva, and fome other 
 fmaller Illands ; and the Countries of Cannra and 
 Salfette. The Country in general is very fertile, pro- 
 ducing many excellent Fruits, and much Conon, 
 whereof the Inhabitants make very fine Cloath ; the 
 Land alfo yields Diamonds, and other precious 
 Stones; and affords excellent Pafture to divers forts 
 of Cattle bred here, and fold to Goa and other Places. 
 
 To proceed in our travelling Method, the Pro- 
 vince of C /IN AHA is firft in our way, call'd by fome 
 Julitnar, and by others the Kingdom of the Cbatins ; 
 it is divided from Canomr in Malabar on the South, 
 by the Rivet Cangerecora ; and from Ctincan on the 
 North, by the River Aliga ; having the Ocean on the 
 Weft ; and the Kingdom of ^ijnagar on the Eaft : 
 The People are as black as Ethiopians, ( fays Gimelli. ) 
 It is divided into many petty Kingdoms, but is all 
 fubjed totheKingofBi/n42«>' : Of thefe Kingdoms, 
 the chief are BAIICALA, ONO i^and GA{{ZpPA. 
 
 BaticI* , the chief City of that Kingdom, 
 ftands in the 1 3th. Degr. of Latitude, on a finall 
 River, about a Mile ficom the Sea, but is no Port ; 
 the Country round it is very fruitful, and the City 
 is (fays my Author) a beautiful well built Place; 
 this Kingdom extends pretty far within Land, and is 
 the more pov* erful of the three. 
 
 Next 
 
 i'.'>':fi';i 
 
 ' >' ' '1" 1 
 
 il^ 
 
I lO 
 
 EAST^JNVIES. 
 
 U 
 
 |,p 
 
 m 
 
 it 
 
 Mil 
 
 Next CO it Northu'arJ lies ONOI{, whofe Capital 
 <if rh(j fame Nitni- (hruls ( n the River Mn^eii, in the 
 i.VtIi Uc:'. 1 at. \vli:;e the /'ofH^H-v had a firoiig 
 ^nrt mid gooJ Iiadi.' imd the ll>i;^li/h have now a 
 Fait< rv ; tlir Pri"\i c* this Place licinp hcavi.i and 
 iiior- crteeir. d tii.;ii any other. Tliirry Miles Smith 
 tronihenrc ft.inds .'.<:<:.'", another Fort and Town 
 <t prcic* Trade, built by the Pmtu^uc^e, but now 
 fu'-'jciil to the Oii'ci: 
 
 ^Al^ZOP-t, that pave Name to that KinRdoir, 
 ftood on the I'vr.c Ri\cr O , but was luircdby the 
 J' '//•: :rt' ; who about >5 N'M-.'s tromit, built a large 
 I'orirtr) called <'i>T>.i);r.;.iAV'; ■:i\ llilieri, j-lhileiii md 
 Sa^^/'-i a'c the chief i«J//r« Cities of G.ir:^''j>r7. 
 
 Oil the C.alVof C.^rw/ liesthe fl!andWN'CW;D/r//, 
 nbout Z', Miles in G'mpafs where is a very good 
 Hav en, an. I thevef re taken by the Pi'tir ir-;- at their 
 lii(t arrival ill thcfc Parts, ami by them well fortified: 
 l^ut their chicly and at prefciit ahiiolt only I-'actury 
 
 in liiriir, is 
 
 CO.!, a City of a league and half in Circuit, 
 lituatc ill ^n IllandcaliJ. 'I'lf"'', of 17 Miles com- 
 paft, made by two Months of the Kiver Morriavu, 
 lays/'-;.',(/r/7H.-r ; (the Maps call the River rJi^/;/;, and 
 'lis of:en deno:r;inatcd itoiii the City, and called the 
 Riicr .if f. 7 ; ) whicd falls into the Ocean a few 
 Leapucs below ilie lown, making a very commodi- 
 ous Haven, which is extre.iinly well guarded by 
 Forts. This City is the Sear of the Vice-Roy, the 
 See of an Ach-filhop, and the Siiprcam Court of 
 juJicaturc f ir all the j-'oi7r:;MCT'' '•'7/>, as well as its 
 •Stapicof 'I'raile .• It is adoi.redwith manv fumptuoiis 
 FuilJinss, fair Streets, abundance of Churches and 
 Convents. 1 he Cathedral is large, with an arched 
 Roof Uipportcd by Columns, and curioudy adorned 
 vvifli Figures; and though the Walls of the City be 
 fiip.ht, the Kl.irid is fo well guarded by Foirs, that it 
 is rfxkoncd the itronpelt in lufli.-!. The Houfes in 
 this City are the belt in Iniiiit, and the Inhabitants 
 are a'oi't locoo. whereof the Icaft part arc P'tu- 
 ^«Cv ; for the Julian Women are |o intermarried 
 with them, that the Moltiza's andCanarines are the 
 greater number. It -.vas taken by ytlphonf> d' Al- 
 i>u.]i,cr/jii,;thc P^i-'HiiMf^c Vice-Roy in the Year 1 5 1 1, 
 and I 5th Deg. of Nc them I.at. The PciTtuguc:{e do 
 a!fo poilL'ls the neigh >ouring Country of Sal/ettc, 
 where' they have two Forts ; and the Coun- 
 try of IJ.irJcs (mentioned below) and reckoned 
 to have 100000 Subjc£ls in Goa, Snifette and 
 B/inhs. 
 
 Vt'in licDCC Northward lies the Kingdom of 
 C/OSC.IS or l'isr.ll'0l{, 110 Miles from North to 
 South, and zoo Miles from Eaft to Wcfl, having 
 I)ec/tn on the North ; OtMi-rt and Oca on the South'; 
 the Ocean on the Weft ; and GilU-^nte on the Gaft. 
 Lhijcboien calls it Idalctin, from the Title of its 
 King; it i« now by Europeans commonly named the 
 Kingdom r.^'ifitpor, from its chief City of rhatNanie. 
 The King i Ir./can was a moft formidable Ene- 
 my to the i-oitugue3[i; and attacked Coa with 70000 
 Men. 
 
 rnr.ipni{, the chief City of this Kingdom, 
 ftandb a or-i: way within Land, upon the River 
 Aim. I D('^a^im, and is of very large Extent, 
 
 even lo Miles in Circumference, but thi!n tlieHoufcj 
 arc fcattercd wide; 'tis however furrouiulcd witli 
 Walb and 1000 pieces of Cannon, belidcsfivt- (troiig 
 Forts ; a mighty piece of Ordinance in this Plai e is 
 much talked of, being able to cany a Bullet of 80 
 weight : In the middle of the City Ifands tlic Kingi 
 I'alacc, which is a Caflle Itrongly Fnitihcil, ar.d 
 guarded by 20C0 Men. On the f.iinc River fomc- 
 Avhat lower, (land Solapour and Pari-.tui.:, On the 
 Coadsdand /r/'nijf/.i or Minnir/a, a Diitrh Factory 
 near Con. Uvdci, the Capital of a fmall Country 
 thence Denominated ; and Fort. /c /P'uniicncivcx ;^ii, 
 belonging to the i'oriiignc'^e. r<7-,i;i,ic/r)/ more North- 
 ward ; Cci-rnp'im ; and /).)/•«/ in the I.at. of 17. .j^, 
 a Flace of good Trade for Ptppcr and Salt, but 
 fomewhat dimniilhed by the Neighbourhooil cf 
 (■•o.t and Siirait, in the middle between which it 
 ftands. 
 
 The Revolution or rather new State credled here in 
 
 thclaft Age by iV-i'i^,y, is foconliderablc, that we cannot 
 omit giving the Reader a Ihorc account of it, as we 
 tind it related by Tarcmier and Thcvcua, 
 
 _ SBV/ICT, who was the Son of a Captain of the 
 King of KZ/rt^^if's (Juaids, andboinat lir.JJ'r.im, v\as 
 of a leftlcfs turbulent Spirit, and rebo'lcd in his 
 F.ithers life time, putting himfclf at the Head of a 
 Fared of/(flj/'05ri';,(which .ire like IlviJItt:) and lived 
 in Power in the Mountains. The King puniihing the 
 Sons fault in the Perfon of the Father, committed 
 him to Piifon where he Dyed, for which iftvi;'; 
 refolved to be revenged, and therefore the more fun- 
 oudy purfucd his Depredations, and by the Booty 
 that he got in Plunder, he foon grew formidable 
 enough to feizc fume Towns, and crcift a little Slate, 
 and refolved to Wage perpetual Vv'ar with the 
 King. But the King being Dead, the Qjieen Regent 
 complying with fomc of his Demands, obtauicd 
 Peace. Hence he turned his Anns upon the M[^ii', 
 and plundered I'ome places belonging tothatFirpcror, 
 who immediately fcnt an Army agaiult him, but the 
 I{r:ia skulking in the Mountains, and by furprizes 
 and Stratagems wearying and outwitting the Empe- 
 rors Army, they were forced to retire. He then en- 
 tred upon th.it bold Acilion, the Plundering of 
 Suratt, which he ctfeiftcd by the hafty and ii'eiit 
 march of one Part of his Army, whillt the other 
 lay Encampt to Face the Enemy, and make an 
 appearance that the whole Army was there. That 
 wealthy City was rifled for 4 Days together, by the 
 4000 Men he brought with him, whillt the Inha- 
 bitantsfled, and left it to his Mercy. The Englifh 
 and /)Hfc/'favcd their Fadloricsby the force of tlieir 
 Guns and Courage, and the Monaltcry of Capuchins 
 by the power of entreaty was not touched; every 
 Houfe clfc was plundered, and an incdimable 
 Weakh carried oft", the Cowardlv (Jovcrnour (hut- 
 ting himlelf up in the Cadic all the time. This 
 happened in the Year 1664. and as it was a Icii- 
 (ible Afflidtioh to the Great Mogul, he refolved to 
 revenge it, but the State of his other Adairs not 
 permitting him to do it by publick Force, he purpn. 
 led to rftVift vVctJ<»^v'j Ruinc by private cunning He 
 therefore appeared to applaud his Courage, and cx- 
 prpfl^i-d adcfire to fee fo great a Man, promifing him 
 Proteiition if he came to Court. Scvagl had the 
 Courage to accept thisort'er, and having put his Army 
 nnd( r a good Commander, with orders to be always 
 upon the Guard, he boldly went to Court, where he 
 
 '. Will 
 
 was to alt a| 
 fume Months, 
 openly compl; 
 that he appreh 
 Death, altho' 
 and under the 
 the fame tii 
 thofe behint 
 Death; TheF 
 caufe an Infur 
 deligncd him g 
 to inarch with 
 Scv.iu promife 
 own Forces, tl 
 %';'s requelt, 
 to him : But 
 purpofe, for b 
 to be laid for 
 and then privat 
 him all the wl 
 the River.<i, moi 
 ihcm, and rude 
 Army. My Ai 
 Story no further 
 he was in bulLi, 
 our Merchants w 
 tvasa potent Em 
 and Viimclli who 
 ctffor the third ii 
 to bring into the 
 Foot, of much I 
 A/.^k/ has. Th; 
 with both the /I 
 lord of all the Ci 
 (pace of near 200 
 and had Forts al 
 Mountains, belid 
 ingwellFortifiec 
 
 Northward frt 
 Mogul's Frontiers 
 flriaiy fo called, 
 the general Nan 
 Breadth is not a 
 Ead to Weft ab 
 Eaftcrn fioundai 
 Trad of it exten 
 Chnul, on the Sea 
 Mouth of a Rivei 
 by the Partugut:{. 
 Caftle that is eft 
 this Place is dim. 
 of the Englifh an 
 it, and are at a g 
 rifon in it. Dand. 
 this Kingdom 
 on ihe River Gt. 
 and), fometime t. 
 by fome reckoned 
 but Siinfon names 
 lerefpeakof ihe( 
 it a flrong and w( 
 though 'tis proba 
 
 * IhePigodi III pi 
 vlncn iIr new ire bui 
 
 ar 
 
The TeninfrUof India vptthin the GhUCEs. i ii 
 
 was to all appearance kiodly received; but after 
 fome Months, perceiving a coldneHi in the King, he 
 openly complained of it, and toUl the King hinifelf, 
 that he apprehended he had a DiTign to put him to 
 Death, altho' he came to Court without conftrainc, 
 and under the Protedioii of the Royal Parole; at 
 the fame time letting him know , he had left 
 rhofe behind him that would Revenge his 
 Death ; The King fearingto hurt him, leaft it fliould 
 caufe an Infurrectionof the H^jit'i, affured him he 
 defigiicd him great Honours, and propofed to him 
 to march with him to the Siege of Candahnr, which 
 Scv.i^ promifed, provided he might Command his 
 own Forces, the King agreed to that, and at the 
 %(;'s requelt, gave him Pafports for their coming 
 to him : But he ufed thefc Pafports to another 
 purpofe, for by the help of them he got Horfes 
 to be laid for him, at fuch Stages as he appointed, 
 and then privately { with his Son who had been with 
 him all the while) got out of Town, and croHlng 
 the Rivers, mounted the Horfes that were ready for 
 them, and rode Day and Night till he came to his 
 Army. My Author, who is Thevcnot, carries the 
 Story no further, for this happcn-^d but a little before 
 he was in I'ulia, which was in the Year 1666. Bu: 
 our Merchants who have been there fince, tell us he 
 (vas a potent Enemy to the Mogul all his Life time ; 
 and GimclH who was there in 1695. tells us his Suc- 
 ctlTor the third in Dcfcent named I{iimrao, was able 
 to bring into the Field 50000 Horfe and as many 
 Foot, of much brttcr Soldiers than any the Great 
 M'pl has. Ihat he maintained continual Wars 
 with both the Mo^ul and the Portugue:^c, and was 
 lord of all the Coaft from CImut to doa, which is a 
 fpaceof near loo Miles, and within Li>nd toVifiapor, 
 and had Forts all over the Country, in inacceiTible 
 Mountains, befides good Cities and Towns exceed- 
 ing well Fortified. 
 
 Northward from hence between Cunenn and the 
 lUgu'i Frontiers, lies the Kingdom of DECAN 
 flridly fo called, fmall of its fclf, though it gives 
 the general Name to all thefe Countries, for its 
 Breadth is not above 60 Miles, and its Length from 
 Ealb to Weft about twice as much. Golconda is its 
 Eaftern Boundary, and on the Weft a narrow 
 Trad of it extends to the Sea ; the chief Towns are 
 Chilli, on the Sca-coafts in the 1 9th Deg. Lat. at the 
 Mouth of a River which makes a large Haven, taken 
 by the Portuguese and very weil fortified, having a 
 Callle that is efteemed impregnable : the Trade of 
 this Place is diminilhed through the neighbourhood 
 of the Englifh and Dut(h ; but the Portugue:(e retain 
 it, and are at a great expence in maintaining a Gar- 
 riibn in it. Danja and Sefardon are two other Ports in 
 this Kingdom: and within Land zre,Andanagar,{eaxtA. 
 on the Rivet Gutnta, towards the Confines of Gol- 
 mda, fometime the refidence of the King •• and BiHer, 
 by fome reckoned the Metropolis of the Kingdom ; 
 but Stinfon names K^kj fo : and the ancient Travel- 
 lers fpeak of theCity Deem as the chief, and make 
 it a flrong and well built City with a noble Palace ; 
 though 'tis probabkthey mean Andanainr, which is 
 
 fonietiinci called DMai/i>, and by Strangers might 
 be corrupted into Dican, with the Name of the King- 
 dom. 
 
 UALl.iiG/nE, ii a fmall Kingdom feated among 
 the Mountains of Gate, whence it is denominated j 
 between Oxnn on the North ; Cunenn On the Weft ; 
 Golconda on the Halt; and Bi/iiugar on the South. 
 This Kingdom being reduced by the Great M<^ul, 
 has beenfpoken of in our account of his Empire. 
 
 Having given an Account of the We ftern Part of 
 this Peninfula, we proceed now to the Eaiiern j from 
 the Frontiers of the Megul's Empire to Cape Ccmorin, 
 on the Eall lide the Mountains of Gate, where we 
 meet with many Names of Countries, as Naijinga, 
 
 Goleondrt, Delli, hijiia^ar, Coioninndel, &c. but the 
 whole feems properly to be divided but into two 
 Kingdoms, vi:^. Golconda and Bijiiagar, and three 
 Principalities, vi^. o^Tanionwf.r, Gingi and Madura} 
 Coromaiidcl and the Fijhitig-CoiiJ}, being general 
 Names of the Coait of all this Country. 
 
 GOLCONDA, is the North-Eaft part of this Pe- 
 ninfula, and fituate between the Mogufs Countries 
 on the North and North-Halt ; the Bay of Bengal/ on 
 the Eaft; Dscan and BaHngate on the Weft •, and bij- 
 nr.gar and Coromandel on the South. The famous 
 River Guenga divides it from the Mogul's Dominions 
 on the North, and the Moiuitams of Gf.te are its 
 Boundary on the Weft. This Kingdom was for- 
 merly called Oiixa, from a Province on the Eaft 
 towards Bengr.U, which was fometime part of it j 
 but has been conquered by the Mogul and intirely cut 
 off; and by that means the Estent of the Kingdom 
 is much reftrained, being, inftead of 330 Miles in 
 Length, as J. du Barros reprefents it, now not above 
 Zoo Miles. The Name of Golconda is taken from a 
 ftrong Fortrefs to which the King retired when in 
 Danger from the Mogul. The Country is very fruit- 
 ful, yielding Rice, Fruits, Indigo, Caffia the beft 
 in India, fays Tavemier, Pafture and Cattle in great 
 plenty .- But that which chiefly recommends this 
 Country is the Mines of Diamonds, the richeft in 
 the World. Thefe were difcovered about a hun- 
 dred Years ago by accident (a Country fellow find- 
 ing one at Plough) and were immediately fcized on 
 by the King, who Farms them out for a vaft yearly 
 Rent, even 300 thoufand * Pagoda's, fays my Author, 
 and yet retains to himfelf all the large ones that are 
 above twenty Carats in weight. This rendered the 
 King very powerful, but hew-is often attacked by 
 the Great i^iogul, who envied him this Pofleflion. 
 He was an abfolute Prince, Heir to all his Subjedts, 
 4nd Mafter of their Lives; but all this has not been 
 able to proted him ; for the Great Mogul, by conti- 
 nual Warring upon him, has at length got the Vi- 
 (ftory : and for fome Years laft paft, he has been 
 confined in an honourable Imprifonment, the Mogul 
 poflefling his Country. The People are of an Inge- 
 nious and Virtuous Difpofition, except where Trade 
 debauches them, and therein they (omciimes recede 
 from the Morality they ate generally noted for : 
 
 • ihe Pagodi ii • piece of GolJ, of which thsre ate oljmj new onej, die old onei ire of a»ft nUt, being worth < igd • half Roupiei, 
 whneis ilic new trt but fan Roupiu. {Vuwmi) 
 
 Tbty 
 
 r'<'-i!p' 
 
 !• 
 
I' 
 
 hi 
 
 Hi 
 
 112 
 
 They are rcikoneJ exquifice in the Painting of Ca- 
 licoes. The Air is extreme Hoc, but the Land ij 
 well watered with Rivers and Lakes, and belides 
 they contrive larpc Receptacles for Water in the 
 rainy ^lonltron, which ihey let out at pleafurc to 
 water the Fields in the inol'., fultry Seafon, The chief 
 Cities and Places are, Bnetuga: ihc Metropolis, fear- 
 ed in a very long Plain, fiirroumied by liii^h Hills at 
 fotne difiance, in 1 7 D. 10 M. Lat. 1 5 Leagues from 
 Fi/J/i/w totheEaft., ThcCity together with thcSiib- 
 utbs, is above three Miles in Length, and is very po- 
 pulous, being inhabited by rich Bankers, Jewellers and 
 skilful Artifts, among whom are I'ojiam, ^imeni/iiis 
 and Fi/fi.k:. The i->,</i/7j and Dutch have Fadorics 
 here. In the Suburbs, winch is called liicni-tbtiJ, 
 dweil the Tradefmen and Merchants, none but Gen- 
 try and Nobility inhabiting the City. The Houfcs 
 of the common People arc low and ordinary, having 
 Kaith Walls with Hat Terrafs-rcofs to take the Air 
 upon, but the dwellings of the Cicntry are line. The 
 City is adorned with fevcral Meidans or Squares ; 
 The Kings Palace, A fort of Cattle called the four 
 Tbwcrs, .ind many fair Gardens. Of tie Meidans, 
 thatadjhiiiing to the Palace is the fairell, being fur- 
 roui^ded vi/ith Terras Walks and Ballulircs, adorned 
 With two Tribunals for the Cotouals or Ordinary 
 Judges, and two fairBifons of Water. In the mid- 
 dle of tliis Square within view of the Palace, the 
 Elephants arc made to Fight, having at firft a Wall 
 betwixt them, which when their Fury is raifed, they 
 throw down and encounter with great rage. The Pa- 
 lace is 380 Paces ii length, the Walls of Stone a- 
 dorncd with Turret; , and the infide is accounted to 
 be very beautiful, but Strahgers are not jiermittcd 
 to enter it.There are fuch refervatorics for Water ,that 
 it is made to rife to the highcft Apartments, and the 
 Terraded roofs are built uponfucn Arches, that there 
 are fine Gardens on them, and as fomc report, Trees 
 of wonderful Magnitude growing iti tnenf). The 
 four Towers is a fquare Building' ofi o Fathoni broad 
 and feven high, which is entrcd on every fide by 
 large Arches. At the Corntfrsftand the four Towers 
 which arc i o Fathom high, and well adorned with 
 Gallerys and' Arches. To the tops of thefe Tow- 
 ers tlic Water is raifed, and thence conveyed through 
 Pipes' to the Palace. The Gardens are large, and 
 made plcafant by long (hady Walks of Paltti and 
 A'reca Trees, many Pond's or Baftns of Water, 
 together with Fruit-Trees, and fomc few Flowers. 
 At two Leagues diftaii'ce ft'ands the Caftle of Gol- 
 cmdti, where the Kin^ ufually refided, and kept the 
 RoyaJ Treafury. It is of large Compafs, even 1 1 
 Miles fay fome Authors, the Walls of Stone buih 
 round about a high Hill, whofe top appears like a 
 Sugar-loaf in the middle, the Walls are furround- 
 ed with deep Ditches divided into jMijHe^ or 
 Ponds full of frclh aild clear Witef , provi- 
 ded ,witK five round "powers, 'i/hich vie ihay 
 call Baftions, a'll well ftirtiiroed with Canrioii. The 
 Situation of this place, with rcfpid io zhi Water, 
 Soil and Climate, as well as rhi: Stre'ilj»ih'i par- 
 ticularly recommended iit to the King's apprbbation, 
 and caufed the whole Kingdom to be denominated 
 from it. This Fortrefs after a Siege of nine Months 
 was taken by >*H'fn^-v'' '" the Year 1686. The 
 King taken Prifoner, and I (uppofe the whole King- 
 dom fubjcded to the Mogul. Condapoly, an impreg- 
 nable Fortrefs of large Extent, comprehending 
 great Fields of Rice, and Orchards of Fruit Trees, 
 Gutfo fuirounded with Rocks, as to be inaccclTiblc. 
 
 EASr^l'NTUBS. 
 
 Cundavcra another flroiig Fortrefs ; as is alio li.-llum- 
 eond/i, and fixty three others conveniently fcatid on 
 the Frontiers 'all round the Kingdom, .-ind inoftly 
 Iniilt on Rocks ; but the molt noted Place of ail is 
 (inni or Couloiir, for the fake of the Diamond Mines 
 in its Ncighliourhood ; the Country aljout is craggy 
 and mountainous, and formerly fo thinly inhabitcu, 
 that this was but a very ^oor Village, though 
 now a very large Trading Town, which it nuift 
 needs be, lincc there are (Hiys Tavfniie ) 60000 Peo- 
 ple employed in the Mines: This Town is ifioMil ,i 
 diftant from GokciuU to the £aft, and iSo Nonh 
 from M.itfuh'fi4ta>!, a Port at the Biiy of B.vA'/;:', at 
 the Mouth of the River Wgwffi/i the Southern I.imu 
 of the Kmgdom ; whidi is the chief Place for l-o- 
 reignTraffick in a]l this Kingdom, altho' it !h' liiiall, 
 it is well peopled, the Strcetf^ arc narrow, and the 
 Houfes built of Wood. The Trade conlilh chielly in 
 C/)<Vf/, andthe Haven is extra;!rdinary good. (i/.^. 
 davtiii gives Name to the Cape, on the Eaft of 
 Mat/ill ifi.t.'dn. IShiitipat.tii, a fiiiall Port with a lii:tcb 
 Fadioiy, and M.mdepMum more Northward on tlie 
 fame Bay. 
 
 Of the DtAMONt) MINKS. 
 
 Having all along been careful to give the Rea- 
 der fuch pieces of Natural Hiltory ci' tlic Coun- 
 tries we have pallid through as are generally dclired 
 to be known, we cannot omit a Ihort account of the 
 Diamond Mines, which we iliall choofe to do out 
 of a Trail upon that Subjecfl extant in N» <](,. of 
 the Philnfophical Tranfadions, which fe'ems to be 
 written by one that was an eye Witncfs of what he 
 wrote. The parts qf the World known to contain 
 Diamonds arc, thclfland Benito, and the Contiuenc 
 of I'idia hitf.i, and extra Gaigew. Wliereof thofc fup. 
 pofcd' to Ik- in Pcjjw ate not wrought, becaufe the 
 King fufpeifls the difcovery of fuch Wealth would 
 tempt his Neiglibours to invade him. The Diamond 
 Mines in this Continent of India, intra Gtingcm, are 
 generally adjacent to the rocky Hills and Mountains 
 which run quite through it. And 'tis luppofed all 
 thofe Mountains contain them, but the greateft part 
 of them being polfelfed by petty l{njni of ancient 
 Hindons, who hold no Commerce with the Moon, 
 'tis not known that they dig for them, but rather 
 believed they forbid it, for the lame reafon as the 
 King of Pegu. But in the Kingdoms of Golcotida and 
 injinpor, there are fo many Mines worked, as may 
 fupply all the World, and many more forbid to be 
 >vTodght, to avoid their being too conuiion. In 
 the Kii^gdom of Gokonda there are z^ Mines cm- 
 ployed, whereof that of CaloureorQuoloipe was the 
 firft rtiade ufe of, and afforded great Numbers of 
 very gtJod StoncS, hut it is 'now almoft cxhaufled. 
 out Cnrrwj', Which the Kinghas taken from a ncigh- 
 bfaurin'J Hcniorvn I^nja, is the molt famed for large 
 Stones. Milwe^c\ nr the new Mine, becaufe found 
 out but' in the Year 1^70. Affords the grdateft 
 quantity and well fliaped .^honcs, but tfien 
 they arc but very fmall. Hjddcnbtfg (ii ex- 
 ceeds all the reft for Diamonds of a delicate iliapc 
 and Water, and of various fizes, fome very large. 
 But the Water there is fo bad, that it dellroys the 
 Hcahh of thofe that Drink ir, whifh makes few 
 Adventure to Work it. In thefe that we iiaircd 
 and in many of the others, which 'twould be tcJiou* 
 to enumerate, the Diamonds arc found fcattcrcd in 
 
 the 
 
^ 
 
 
 The TenmfHla of India mthin the Ganges. 113 
 
 the Eanh.and within two or three Fathom of the Sur- 
 fjce. Whereas '\noi\\tK,3.%axif^'t^\i;rgfric,Munnemurg, 
 }mtgtrrt, I'urrfille, &c. they are found to lye in a 
 Mineral in the bodies of the R(icks4oor so Fathoin 
 deep, in which cafe they dig into the Rock five or fix 
 Foot deep, and then by Fircfoftcn the Stone, and fo 
 proceed, till they lind the Vein which runs under 
 the Rock frequently two or tl)rec Furlongs. All the 
 F-jrth is hroiight out, and being carefully examined, 
 it\orA Stones of a larj>e lize, and pretty good Water, 
 but if ill (hapes. Tlic Karth where the Diamonds 
 arc found is of a ycllowilh, or in fDinc places reddilh 
 tolour, and finicrimcs adheres to the Stone, with 
 llrong a crult that 'tis difficult to get it olf. To find the 
 Stones, the Workmen luiild afurt of Ciflern of Stone 
 inaile ti^ht with Clay or liarth, and the Walls which 
 are the (ides of it fuj-portod by llrong Banks, having 
 a Vent or final] pallagc on one lide, a little above 
 the bottom, w/hich '.s only plugged ; then they thiow 
 into it all the Earth th^'v have dug, and pour Water 
 upon it Itifficient to Diil'olvi' itall, which they haften 
 by breaking the Ciods ard Itirrnig it about j thus 
 keeping it in motion, tin. lighter part is carrycd off 
 inMiicid, whcnrhe vent liolc being opened let's out 
 the Water, thus ihey continue walhing till it be pretty 
 clean, and then in The middle of the Day, when 
 iheSunisat fullHcighth, they very carefully look 
 t'Verall the Sand, at whitli they are fo expert, that 
 the Iniallelt Stone cannot cfcape them. They never 
 inake their fearchbut at that time of the Day, be- 
 caufe the fteady b' i;htnefs of the Sun adilis them 
 icry much to iiifcovcr the Diamonds, whereas a 
 Cloud r.tervening would make them (lip them 
 over. The Undertakers arc fam to watch tluir Iji- 
 bourerswith great Care, left they conceal what they 
 find, and are even fain t') be careful that their I a- 
 bourcrs expofc not a Stone "f larger lize, which if the 
 Oovernour Ihould hear of, he woui. feizc it for the 
 King. The Governours of the Mines covenant 
 with the Adventurers, that all the Stones tl.ey tind 
 under a PngoJa Weight fhall be their own, but the 
 grcatonesabovcthatWcight to be for the King. A 
 P/T^^/d is nine Mnngeiteens, and a Margellecn is five 
 Grains and three fifths, whereas a Camt is four 
 Grains. Thcfc Governours ufe the Adventurers and 
 Miners very Tyranically, and by fe^ueezing and 
 Taxing keep them always very I'oor, at Icaft they 
 are always forced to appear fo to avoid their Gri- 
 ping, thi' is fpoken of Gokonda, for in Vifiapore they 
 are kindly treated and permitted to enjoy their own. 
 This Trade is almoft wholly carryed on by Bnnneani of 
 Qif^emt, and the workers in the Mines are all Gentiles, 
 no Moors ever applying themfclves to it. 
 
 hlS>iAGA[{, lies on the South of Gokmda, be- 
 ginning at Mntfutifiitan and the River Nagundi, and 
 rans Southward as faj as Cape Comorin, fix hundred 
 Miles in Length ; but it is now contraifted ; forGiugi, 
 Madura and Tanjourvar, that were formerly Provinces 
 governed by this Kings Officers, are at prefent fepa- 
 late Principalities under Homage only to him .- Weft- 
 ward 'tis ftretched out over the Mountains, as far as 
 the Indian Sea, and comprehends Canam already de- 
 fcribed next to Malabar -. So that at prefent we fhall 
 confine our felves to the Kingdom or Bifnagar on the 
 Eaft fide the Mountains, (which excluding the Prin- 
 cipalities) isabouti5o Miles from North to South, 
 bounded by the Mountains on the Weft, and the 
 Bay of Bengali on the Eaft. The Soil is fruitful, 
 being well watered with Rivers, the Pafturescovered 
 
 with Cattle, and the Forefti filled withLyom. Ty- 
 gers, Elephants, fioan and Staegs. The Air is ex- 
 treme Hot at all times, but in tiie Wintct (which n 
 diftinguifhed only by great Rains for three Months to* 
 gcther) the Nights are feverely Cold ; and as wi- 
 cbfetved before, the Sealons here are diredly con- 
 trary to what they are in Mtlabar, though it be in 
 the fame Latitude. The Inhalicancsarc well fh?.p- 
 ed. Tawny Complexioned, of effeminate Lazy Tem- 
 pers, but iheManufadurersarc ingenious in making 
 and painting Calicoes, which is the chief Trade of 
 the Country. The King affumed mighty Titles, and 
 was in efled a powerful Prince. ?. du Bnrroi and 
 other Authors tell us, he brought an Army of 
 near eight hundred thoul'and (whereof 34000 Horfe) 
 belides 630 Elephants, agaiaft Idalcan: And Batbrja 
 fays there are 900 Elephants and 100 thoufand Men 
 conftantly maintained for the Guard of the King- 
 dom J ro furnilh which iixpence, he has the fonune 
 to have Tome Diamond Mnes in bis Dominions, but 
 his grandeur is diminilhed. 
 
 The whole Kingdom (excluding Canara) may be 
 divided into two Parts, vi-{. BISN/IGAI{^ properly fo 
 called, and CORpMAUDRL. The former being 
 the Inland Country, and the latter the Sea-Coafts. 
 The chief Cities of Biju.-.gnr arc the Capital of 
 the fame Name , or otherwife called Chandtgrf^ 
 thought to be the Madura oil'idom : it is a very large 
 City, feated on a Hill near the Banks of the River 
 Kagutidi, in the Heart of his Dominions, and there- 
 fore the iifual Seat of the King ; i: is guarded by a 
 (trong Citadel and three Walls. Narfmea, feated 
 alibonthe i\'<j|/.«(//, below Ch.tudcgty, isalfoalargc 
 City, and fo confidcrable, that the whole Kingdom 
 is frequently Denominated from it, and was ifbme. 
 time the Regal Seat, yehur, another large City, 
 whence the Kingdom is fumetimcs named. Cbativeto 
 is the Seat of a Prince of this Countr> . Ciran^.ipa- 
 tam Southward from Ch.wd.'^j. PcUgongr., a very 
 large City near hijna^ar ; and Tripity on account of 
 its famous Indian Temple ought not to be omitted ; 
 it ftands on a high Mountain, and is icforted to 
 from all pans of the Kingdom: Great droves of 
 Monkeys arc kept in it as facred and highly reveren- 
 ced ; and even the King preferves a Tooth of one of 
 thofe Animals as a precious Rclick. 
 
 CORpMAKDEL, is extended along the Coafts of 
 the Bay of Bengali, from the Limits of Gokonda to 
 thofe of Madura, that is, from the lethto the isth 
 Deg. of Northern ',at. fome extend it miv:h farther 
 both North and South, but this fcenis to be its trueft 
 Bounds. 'Tis fo fruitful in Rice, that 'tcxeira fays, 
 it took its Name from that ; yet at fome times for 
 want of ufual Rains the People perifli through Fa- 
 mine, and fell thcmlelves into Slavery for Food. The 
 Inhabitants make fine Calicoes and Mullmgs, with 
 which they purchafc the Commodities of other Na- 
 tions, or rather by felling them to the EngllJIi and 
 and other Europeans are enriched fo as to be able to 
 purchafe all Foreign Necellaries. The Coaft has 
 many commodious Havens, which makes it a Place 
 of great Traffick ; but the Ports arc moftly in the 
 Hands of Emopeans, the i>gli/b cfpccially have 
 Madrafpatan and the Fort of St. George, whereof 
 more in its place. 
 
 The chief Towns proceeding from North to South 
 are thefe. Matjtdipatan or Majfalapatan, although 
 already mentioned in our accounts of Bijnagar, be- 
 
 Q eauf« 
 
 ij' Cui''i 
 
 
 'i :,:H, 
 
 MM 
 
 .Mm 
 
^l^ 
 
 E/IST^INDIES. 
 
 ■\ 
 
 in 
 
 CAute fetted on the North Tide of the Rtvtr Nngundi, 
 which partsihat Kingdom from (bis, if yec by Geo- 
 craphcM reckoned in the Limits of Corctnmd*l : 
 nut it is however in the Hinds of the Kinu of 
 Golcondti, and is his Mart for Diamondi, being indeed 
 the chiefeft for that Cnmtnodity in all the Intiits ; 
 and therefore the place is mikh rcfortcd to, and the 
 Enf^lijh and Dutch have conftam Fndloriei in it. 'Tis 
 ■ large well built and beautiful City, but the Hou- 
 fes flaiid Oragling at diltance from each other : 
 wherein reiides a Governotir annually deputed by 
 the Kingof f;i)/i:on<^<i, who lives in great Mate and 
 Splendour ; the CuAoius of this Port are reckoned 
 to amount to 1 4000 I'.igodn's per /tnnum. And the 
 Town is feated, as we have faid, at the Mouth of 
 the River Nntundi, on the Bay of Bcninlt, .in the 
 Lat. of 16 D. ?o M. I'eiitafruli or Petty-l'ote, about 
 10 Miles trore Southward, ftands on a Promontory 
 waihed by a large River, which winding about 
 makes it a I'eninjula, and falls intothe Bayof B.-n^/i//; 
 It is a Port of fomewhat difficult Accefs, and a place 
 of Trade for Cloths, I'tndita'i, Bettrlen'i, Sec. The 
 Inhabitants are of diflcrent Nations, and the Town 
 is Tributary to the King of Colconda : The liii^lijh 
 have a Faiilory here, as have alfo the Dutch, Carceiro, 
 Caletour and I'ennr, fmallcr Towns, are noted for a 
 Plant ufcd in Dying. Fort OucUrU. a Fort and 
 Fadory of the Dutch, ftands a few Miles up the 
 Country ; 'tis ftrongly Fortified, fecurcd by a good 
 Garrifon, and is tnc Scat of their Trade in thcfc 
 parts, and therefore may be reckoned the chief Fa- 
 lilory.Butthc Goods are (hipped off at P.i/jct/raTown 
 ten Miles off, that ftands at the Mouth of a River 
 on the Sea Coaft pofltfled alfo by the Dutch : bui the 
 Haven is not a very good one. Melitifnr famous in 
 Ecclefiaftical Hidory'for the Martyrdom of St. Tho- 
 mtit the Apoftic, who planted Chriltianity in thefe 
 parts; was formerly the chief City of Coromatidel : 
 but being ruined, the Portu^ue:^e iiuhe Year 152?. 
 began to Rebuild it, and in the Ruins of an ancient 
 Church, they found ( at Icaft they affirm fo ) the 
 Boncsof the Apoftle, which were imnu:diately en- 
 fhrincd, and the new City named St. Thotnm, which 
 is a place of conliderablc Trade for Calicoes and 
 fuch Linnera of a finer Colour than any other. 
 The h'rench feized this place about 3 o Years ago, and 
 held it for fomc time, but were at laft beaten out by 
 the Moon. 
 
 hUdi/tfftttim, feated on the fame Coaft a few 
 Miles Northward from St. Thomm, in the 14th. Deg. 
 of Lat. is a Town pofTeifed by the En^lijh, and more 
 known by the name of the Fort denominated from 
 our Champion St. GEORGE, in which refides the 
 Governour, and General Fa<£lory for all the con- 
 cerns of the Eaft-lndia Company, beyond Cape Co. 
 morin, upon the Continent of Golcondit, Bengal and 
 Pegu. The Englifh Town is furrounded with 3 
 ftrong Wall, the Sea walhes the Eaft fide of it, a. 
 broad Ditch the South and Weft, and on the North 
 fide lies the Inditm Town ; The Fort ftands in the 
 middle, which as well as the Town, is of Quadran- 
 gular form, with four Baftions raifed very high : and 
 in the middle of it, ftands the Governours Houfe, 
 a noble Strutfture of Stone and well adorned : the 
 Baftions of both the Town ,ind Fort are well mounted 
 with Cannon, and the Place is very ftrong : The 
 Governour lives in very great State, and in comply- 
 ance with the Cuftomof thofe Countries, never goes 
 abroad without a great attendance of Fadors and 
 Merchants, Se:vants and Guard, Drums and 
 
 Trumpets, and feveral Palankeens or Sedans of I.4. 
 dies; he has a conftant Guard of ^oc nr 400 Mooii 
 and ratfei 1 foo Men at Summons ; btiiJes the Gar' 
 rifon, which confifts of 700 Soldiers in conftant pay. 
 This Place has been poffcflicd by the EniUJh nwr 
 loo Years under an annual Tribute to the King of 
 Oolccnda : The IndUn Town as we have faid, hcs on 
 the North lide of the Fort, and is fomctimes callr J 
 Madcraji ; it confills of divers Strectjof neat but low 
 Houfes inhabited by the Moon. Since the I'ortufucxe 
 have been beaten out of St. TLomat, they have Vttn 
 entertained at Fort Si.Qcoigr, and a Chapel appointed 
 for their Worlhip. 
 
 Pontichtry, a fmall Town and Fort where tlic 
 Ftench have a Fadlory; is leated on the fame Coalt, 
 a little below Melinpui. This place was taken liy 
 the Dutch in the former War, but rcftored to tlie 
 fffncA by the Treaty of l{yjttick, and being an in- 
 confidcrable place has not been attempted tliib War i 
 and for ought appears they Itill polTeis it. 
 
 riiepolier, in the Latit. 11. 45. is a Fort and 
 Fai2orjr of the Dutch, being near Cifcdl, where they 
 have a Houfe. Ncgnpntr.m, which in the Indian 
 Language figmfies the Town of Snakes, bccaufe ol 
 the number uf thofe Reptiles finmd here ; is the 
 moft Southern Port of Coicmnndcl, leated upon ihe 
 Sea Coaft in the 1 o. D. 45. M. of Lat. and walliej 
 by a large River, but however no good Harbour ; 
 the Portuiue^c did polfefs it till 16^0. that the tJu/ch 
 took it from them, and notwithUanding the Attacks 
 of the Naiquc of T.tt.jourv^i itill retain it. Not far 
 from them, the 0<»ncjhavc a Fort named rrnngucbitr^ 
 and alfo the I'nclijh have a Fort named St. David, 
 feated on the aft nc>t far South from Keiap^.tum. 
 Titveinirrm ' ourncy through this Countiy, gives 
 us the names nany Inlanil Towns oi' Loiumandel, 
 but thofe bciii^, .lot frequented by limcpcam, nor in 
 themfelves conliderablc we ftiall omit, and only fay, 
 that at every lO or lO Miles diltamc there are 
 Towns, Villages, or Pagcds, 1. (. Hcathenilh Tcm- 
 plis, all over the Country. 
 
 The three Principalities or Naiqucs of Gi, "r, 
 TS.NJOVH'AI^ and MADVR/i, take up the reft 
 of this Pcninfula, extending from the Frontiers ot 
 Bifnitiar andCoromandelv Cape Cowtm. They were 
 heretofore, as wc have faid, part of the Kingilom of 
 Bifnaiitr, but the Governours have now thrown off 
 the Obedience, and axe Abfolutc Princes. 
 
 The moft Northern of them is GIKGI, a fmall 
 Country on the Weft of Coromntidel, towards rhe 
 Mountains of G«f, and adjoining to B./«4^(ir. The 
 chief City of the fame Name, ftands in the Lat. of 
 I '. 30. and about 80 Miles from the Sea ; a large 
 and populous City, the Scat of the Naique, who is 
 a rich Prince, and his Country a fruitful Land ; the 
 Inhabitants make fine Calicoes, and receive in ex- 
 change for them all the Foreign Commodities they 
 want. Cidambnran is another principal City of this 
 Country, and notable for the many Maguificeni Pa- 
 gods and Gentile Devotions paid there. 
 
 TANJOVH'AH, lies on the South and Eaft of 
 Ginii, raking its Name from the City where the 
 Naique re fitSs, fiiuate neixNegapatam, in the mid- 
 dle of his Dominions, which are not much larger 
 than thofe of Ginti. Kigapatam, polFelfed by the 
 Dutch ; and Trr.ngutbar by the D>mc) ; and Fort St. 
 
 David 
 
India beyond the River Ganges. 
 
 OtviJ, already irnmiot.^d, arc by fome reckoned lo 
 ftjjid in the limit* of this Princes Dominion). 
 
 The Naique or Principality of MADVR.'I, lies 
 more to the South, estending from the Confines of 
 tnnjiiimir to Cape Comorin, and con.prehending the 
 Coaft commonly^ called the FISHIKC-iO^ST fjom 
 the Fifhing for Pearl, which is the chief employment 
 of the Inhabitants ; who dive inco ihe Water and 
 bring up the Oyfters, which being opened yield many 
 Pettis: but tbcfe are a fmall fort, and the Imploy- 
 mem b not very profitable, wherefore would not be 
 followed, bat that the Country is Barren, and ihry 
 have no better Livelihood. The chief Cities are 
 Madum, thought to be the niodura of I'toleiiif, a 
 large Place and the iifual Relidcnce of the Naique, 
 fcated at the foot of the Mountains, in the Latic. 
 ef 9 4S- Tuiecorr, fcated in the middle of this 
 Coaft, a handfom well 1 uilc Town, fubjcfl to ihe 
 Dutch finre the Year 16^1. C*iii*tam, a famous 
 Market for Pearls. Mnnoncor ; Tiich»ndur \ Manapnr 
 ind 74c4ncur/, are all Port Towns on the Sciaight cf 
 iUnor. 
 
 i»5 
 
 Thus have we Travelled round this Peninfuli> 
 and viewedall its Countries and chief Cities, where- 
 in we have made ufe of the bcft Lights that are giv- 
 en us by Travellers and Geographers. But muft own , 
 The Rcvolutiuni chat have happened here by the 
 Wars of ore Prince upon another, b.it ihiefly the 
 Conqueftsof thcMoiitl; Lave made great Alterations 
 in the Limits cf Kingdoms, Power of ihe Princci, 
 and condition of Citici and Towns ; thus Cnlrcui 
 which wai formerly fo eminent a Cin, is now an 
 InconlidcraMe Town 1 and the Kings oXCclconda and 
 Bifninrtr, t..at were lately fuch Potent Monarcht, 
 are nov/ reduced to a low Eftate , and the f rmer is 
 even a Prifoncr to the Afci;ii/. But thcfe Revolu- 
 tions having not been particularly related by Tra- 
 vellers, and our Merchants frequenting only ihe 
 Coafls, we have not been able to obtain a better 
 account than is here given, which we hope is not 
 very much different from the prefenc State of the 
 Country. 
 
 We fliall next proceed to the other Peninfula," 
 fcated ontheEaft of the Bay oi Bengntl; and ftiled 
 the Peninfula of Indi* beyond the Rivet Gmiit. 
 
 INDIA 
 
 Beyond the River 
 
 G A N G E S. 
 
 For a Mapconfult that of the M.OG UL's Empire, to which this is annexed. 
 
 THIS Large Traft of Land, which we 
 call by the g> neral Name of IKD I A 
 without or beyond the Gantci, compre- 
 hends three large Empires, and very ma- 
 ny petty Kingdoms, or rather a great number of 
 fmall Kingdoms Sul jed or Tributaries to the three 
 Empires of AVA and PEGU. SYAM under which 
 Mitlaccit and C/)mio<yM ate Comprised. TONKIN, 
 and COCHINCHINA or the Anamitick, Empire, as 
 Sinfon calls it. 
 
 The main Land is feated between the i oth and the 
 35ih Degrees of North Latitude, and between the 
 II oth and i)Oth Degrees of Longitude. To 
 which mud be added the Peninfula of Multcca, 
 which fhooti uut Southward, to within two Deg. of 
 the Equino&ial Line. 
 
 The Boundaries of the whole are, Tnrtary on 
 the North, Chinit on the Eaft, the vtogui's Em- 
 pire on the Wef^ and the Indian Ocean on the 
 South. 
 
 It is in general a Low Conntrey between 
 Mouatainii ^rniibed with.'aany Rivets, efpecially 
 
 four Large ones, the C/tc»-, the Cofmiv, the Cafuma 
 or I'riu, and the -loian, which flow fiom the Great 
 Like l*ierinn. On the Northern Fr(.n:iers, and ruiining 
 quite [hro' the middle of the Land, fall into the Sea. 
 ThefcRivirs are fo enlarged by the melted Snows off 
 the Mountains on the Confines of Tartaiy, as to 
 oerfiow the Land, at leaft the Southern parr every 
 year, which et riches the Soil, and renders it Fer'il 
 in all common Fruirs, Rice and Herbs. But as to 
 any extraordinary pro>luce of 'his Land, I find not 
 any credible Teftimony, elpecially that it abounds 
 with Gold (as the Name of Aurea Clm/onefui given 
 by the Ancients to the .Vu/rtcMPcnifle fcems to Pro- 
 mife) does not at all appear. 'Tis true, the fituaiion 
 between India and China, the neighboi]thood to the 
 Spice Iflaiids, ai.J the no yaft diftance from 3<ifan^ 
 together with the many convenient Bays and Har- 
 bours on the Coafb renders it convenient for 
 Trade, and therefore the Pcrtutuc^etnA the Dutch 
 made Settlements at divers places on the Coafts, 
 and have reaped great Profit by the Coai> 
 mirce. 
 
 ■■m:. 
 
 aa 
 
 Of 
 
11^ 
 
 B/iST'IN7)iES. 
 
 h.ij 
 
 Of the Monarchy of 
 
 PEGU >nd A V A 
 
 THE Geography of ihe NoTthern part of 
 rhis Councry u left known, than is that of 
 the Countries we have pafled through, for 
 it ly«fo much within Land, that no modern Tra- 
 vellers have vifited it, and therefore the beft we 
 can do u to put the old Accounts in the truefl light we 
 are able. 
 
 The King of PEGV was formerly Supream Lord 
 of the greateft part, having no Jefs than twenty o- 
 ther Kingdoms befides bis own of Pegu under bis 
 Dominion. But we are told that Monarchy is pulied 
 down by thefevetal Invafions of the two powerful 
 Kings of AV/l and STAM. The former of wh ch 
 at this Day, cithei aftually Poifefling, or ftudally 
 Commatiding all the Countrey between I'id o on the 
 Weft ; China on the Eaft ; Tartun on the Korth j 
 S><ini on the Souih i andTowjw/n on the South-Eaft, 
 wl'ch is an extent of at leait looo Miles fro.n 
 North to South, and above 400 from Eaft to Weft. 
 A Land fo well watered with Rivers, that it muft 
 needs be Fruitful ; and in effeft we are told it 
 produces all things neceffary 10 Life; together with 
 Rubies and Musk, as DoaorHf;/i'M tells o«, asalfo 
 Topaz, Amcthyfts, jacynths and Sapphires, accord- 
 ing to Saiifon , And Elephants and Rhinocerocs are 
 veiy numerous here. 
 
 The Principalitiei or Kingdoms which compofed 
 the Monarchy of PEGU, are thus named byBaudranJ, 
 
 PEGV. MAKJTABAN. TANGV. TJPOrUHjt. 
 1%ANSIANB. ABDIRA. BACAT. CASSVBI. 
 CHACOMAS. JANGOMA. LAl{G4HX- MAN- 
 DI(4NELLB. MANAH,. MOANTAl'. PI^ON. 
 TAX^^nAT. TAVAr. TOTAT. FILEP. CABLAN. 
 CAO^. 
 
 To which are now added the Monarchy of 
 AVA, which comprehended the Kingdoms of 
 
 AVA. ARACAM. BRAMA. CANAR]iNE. 
 CO:»?OT^and MARSIN. 
 
 Our Maps are not particular enough to Ihew us 
 ihe Situation and Limits of all thefe Diftri(ft8 : By 
 ftexving the Seat of the chief Cities, that we can 
 obtain information of. the Reader will find the ge- 
 neral liie of the feveral Froviaces, whirli ii all thai 
 we can give him. 
 
 /tt^A, the Capital of the Kingdom to which it 
 gives name, ftands on the River Caypumo or Pegu, 
 in the Latitude of 10 Deg. or according to fome 
 Mapt in the 15th. Deg. The King keeps his Court 
 het«, aod it ii a Place of Trade for Jewels and 
 Musk. 
 
 PEGV, the Capital of the Kingdom of that 
 name, ftands on the Weftern Bank of the River Ca;- 
 pumo ( which is alfo denominated from this City, ) 
 near its mouth, into a Bay of the Sea in the Lati- 
 tude of 1 8 Deg. well feated for Trade, and rcforted 
 to by European Merchants, the Traffick on the Na- 
 tives part, is Ginger, Rice and Silver, which 
 they give for the Spice, Silks Calicoes, and other 
 Goods. The City was ufed to be honoured with the 
 King's Court, but fince the King of Ava, has had 
 the Dominion, 'tis probable 'tis Jefs conftantly here. 
 This King according to the old Relations, was ex- 
 ceeding powerful evf n next to the King of China, 
 and capable of bringing an Aniiyof 15=0000 Men, 
 and 800 Elephants into the Field, as G/i//>. Balli re- 
 lated aboiit 100 Years ago. The City was divided 
 into two Parts, whereof one Part was the King's 
 Court only, and the other Part well inhabited by 
 Merchants. This Country is exceeding fruitful in 
 Rice and other Grains, ifTordeth alfo Rubies, Civet, 
 l.afca, and a great Numbers of Elephants, among 
 which fome White ones, which being a great Rarity, 
 the King gives it as an addition to his Titles, and 
 the King s Dominioni> extended ver) far, as will be 
 feen by the many Nations we (hall have occalion to 
 mention, that were his Vaffals. 
 
 MARTABAN, a fmall Kingdom fubjcct to him, 
 lies next to Ptgu on the Sea-Coaft to the South-caft. 
 The chief Town of the fame name, ftands near the 
 Sea in Lat. 16. The Soil round about it is fo Fer- 
 tile, as to yield a treble crop of Rice as fome relate, 
 which enables them to ftnd abroad great quantities 
 of that Grain. 
 
 BREMA or BRAMA, another Kingdom within 
 Land, formerly fabjeft to Fr^a now to Ava, a Place 
 Dr. Hey!in makes the Mother Country of the Bm. 
 mini or old Mitim, whence the prelent Priefthood 
 dcfcended. He extends this Countrey very far, 
 even 150 Leagues one way, and twice as much ano- 
 ther, comprifing the Kingdoms of Ava, T/ingu and 
 others.as well as this under that denomination. The 
 chief Town of the fame name Aaads on the River 
 Mtnan, in Lat. 20 Deg. 
 
 TA7<GV Kingdom adjoins to it on the South, and 
 was a Place Ibmetime notable in HiAory for the Am- 
 bition of its Vice-roy, who A. D. 1467. fetting up 
 forhiinfclf, became Lord of this and the Neighbour- 
 ing Countries, but the SucceflloM lafted not; now 
 fubjedt CO the King of Av«, 
 
 AR/l Cam, fcate J near the Se,i-Coaft at the mouth 
 of the River Cofmin, between Peru on the South, 
 and Bengali on the North-weft. The Capital of a 
 Kingdom which was fomctime c^nGderable, as tak- 
 ing 
 
rry 
 
 Of the Kingdom of S Y A M. 
 
 uig part wth the Ufurper of Tat^u above mencion'd 
 in pulling down the King of P»?«. The Portugue:^* 
 bad made fome Settlements hereabouts, at the begin- 
 ning of the laft Century, but were expelled. The 
 IflanJ Sundiva which ' ey polTcfliJ, lay near adja- 
 cent to this Coaft. 
 
 VEI{M^, an In-land Country on the Frontiers of 
 
 Bengali, and on the North of Arracbam. 
 
 COMOTAGE, on the North of Verpui, and ad- 
 joining to MoguliJfi>i, another fmall In-land King- 
 don' ivas formerly fubje(ft to Pfgi/, now to its own 
 King. The chictCicy of the fame name, ftandson 
 ihc Kivcr Caor in Lat. 28 D. 
 
 C^Ol{, on the North of Conutage, formerly alfo 
 fubjcd to I'egii, but now to its own King ; fo per- 
 ftdly In-land, that we know nothing of it The 
 Maps fet down ia chief Cty on the Kiver of the 
 fame name, in Lat. 32Deg. and 130 Miles South 
 from the Lake Cbimaj. 
 
 TOT/iT, whofe chief Town of the fame name, 
 Hands on the Caor, was alfo formerly fubjedt to 
 Pegu, now under its own Government. 
 
 LAl{pAl{/lT, feated near the head of the River 
 Mnary a little beiow its Efflui, from the Lake Cbi- 
 mar, m Lat. 33 Deg. is the Lapitaiof another King- 
 dom fubjedl CO Pegu- 
 
 xnrATy on the Mtntn, 
 
 JAX^ATAT, with in Land, both now under their 
 own Government, tho' formerly (li;'|e£l to Pf^u^ 
 
 TI{ANSIAN<1, alfo now free, the chief City ftands 
 on the Mman River, in Lat, 16. Dcg. 
 
 TIPHA or 71P0VI{j1, lying between the two Ri- 
 vers Ce/min and Cajpoumo, with inland, is alfo 
 under its own Jurifdioion. 
 
 CASSVBl, adjoining toTlpra on the Eaft, is alfo 
 a Country which has thrown off die Government 
 of Pegu. 
 
 CANAHANE, named alfo CATPOVMO, and thence 
 the River otherwife call'd Pegu is denominated, a 
 Country formerly under Ptgu, but gained its free- 
 dom, however its King is IHU Feudatory to the 
 King of Ava, Its chief City feated on the River 
 Pegu in Lat. 14. is by Baudrand reprtfcnted as a 
 large well built Place, Populous and Rich, and 
 efteemcd one of the beft in thcfe Countries. 
 
 flLEP, a fmall Kingdom tmder its own Govern- 
 raent, lies on the South of tanitrane. 
 
 MAND1(ANELL, a Country lyiiM tetween Ca/^ 
 fubi on the North, and Taratay on Ok South ; the 
 chief City feated on the Petu River, is fubjet^ to 
 the King of Pegu, as are alfo 
 
 MOANTA in the Mid-land, and MANAl{^ upon 
 the Frontiers of Siatn, and on the River Mevan, 
 
 Between Bmm* and the Frontiers of Siam, lies 
 the Country named JANGOMA, poflcfled by the 
 People called Laoj, a Stout and Warlike Nation, 
 and their Country a rich and feitile Soil. 
 
 The Old Relations extant in Uackjuit, rrndcr 
 this King fo exceflive Rich, that when the K'ln^ of 
 Tangu took the City of Pegv, he found as mjchlrea- 
 fure, as 600 Elephants could carry What the pre^ 
 fent State of it is, we are not appriz'd ; for as I faid 
 before, 'tis too much within Land to be vilittd by 
 Strangers, and the Natives have never coin<^ a- 
 mongftus. 
 
 ill.! 
 ■'''Ill 
 
 m 
 i 
 
 iii'M 
 
 'i- ■'» ■■ , 
 
 Of the Kingdom of 
 
 S Y A M- 
 
 1"1HE Kingdom of Sr-^ M or the Country 
 of the SIAOMS, otherwife by themfelves 
 named the Country of VAi, or Ftce-men, 
 as Lonbire tells f;, extends from the Fron- 
 tiers of Jtintonw. in the North, down to the City 
 Patane in the Il}hniut, which joins Malacca to the 
 Continent, in th» South ; and on the Eaft fide of that 
 Bay to the Iliver Chautebon, which pans it from 
 Ctmlaya ; in Form hke a Horle-lhoe, round about 
 the Gulph of Sjam. In length on the Weft fide, 
 from the yth, Deg. to the ixd. Deg. of Lat. which 
 makes 900 Miles ; and on the baft fide, from the 
 11 Deg. (in which the mouth of Chanttbm Kiver 
 lies) to the iid. which makes 600 Miles. And in 
 breadth in the upper Syam, or the part above the 
 Gulpb, near 300 Miles : But in the lower Syan, 
 
 which is the Iflbmui of Malacca, not above too 
 Miles. 
 
 It is bounded with a Ridge of Mountains on the 
 Weft, which divide it from Pef ; on the Eaft'by 
 another Ridge of Mountams, which divide it from 
 Cochin-china ; on the North, another Mountain parts 
 it from the Country of Laot j and on the South, 
 Malacca, the Gulpb of Siam and Cambaya are its 
 Boundaries, 
 
 Thus Seated it is a large Valley, thro' the Bofcm 
 whereof the large Rivet Menan flows, and reccivei 
 divers other Rivers, which ate fo encreafed by the 
 melted Snows falling off the Mountains, that the 
 whole Land is annually like Egyft^ cvcrtlowed and 
 made exceeding Fertile. 
 
 Tfce 
 
 I' .- ;|S 
 
 Wi; 
 
Ii8 
 
 BAST^llSIVlBS. 
 
 i^Hw ' 
 
 II 
 
 ^^^By^ i 
 
 HHk 
 
 HI; 
 
 The Produdls of the Earth, are Rice, Cotton, Su- 
 gar, Cinnamon, but not right good ; Pepper, but 
 rot in much plenty ; and of Fruits, Tamarinds, 
 Banana's, Manjio's, Anana's, Coco, Limes, Jum- 
 borsa Fruit like a Citron, Lemons, Ciiruns, Oranges, 
 and Pomgranatcs, and feveral others peculiar to tlic 
 Country. Oflrccs, thechief isthe Bh'm/'ou, which 
 they ufe in Building j they have alfo the AquiU or 
 Alofj, which is a verj hard Wood and alfords an 
 excellent fmoll ; the A'cc and Beiele Trees, which 
 affords the Fruit and Leaf, which they chaw conti- 
 nually ; and divers others not known among us. 
 
 There appears great quantity of Gold in the Or- 
 naments of their Temples, and large Images of that 
 Metal, which give us room tc believe there were 
 anciently Mines of it in 'his Country ; but if there 
 tvere, they are cxhaviftcd ; for divers Burcpr/ini em- 
 tloyed by the King, could difco' cr only Copper, a 
 bad fort of Tin,fuch as the Tca-Canifters brought hi- 
 ther are made of, Chrsflal, Antimony, tmeralds, 
 white Marble, and iron, in the Bowels of their 
 Mountains. Mr. Loibierc indeed tells us that one 
 Mr. Vincent a French-mtin of his Acquaintance, faid 
 he had found a rich Oar, which he judged to be 
 Gold, hut would not difcovcr it. 
 
 The Iron Mines near C/imfenf^-pet, are fo excellent 
 as to rife pure Steel, whereof excellent Scymitars, 
 I'onyarJs, and Knives are made. But ihey are 
 fucli bad Forge- Men, that they cannot make an An- 
 chor, nor even Chizelscr Saws. 
 
 Of Animals, here are found Elephants, Rhinoce- 
 rots, Tvgers, Drer, Buffaloes, Oxen, Cows, Goats, 
 Shcpp, Hogs, Cs^c. Of Birds they have divers 
 forts of lovely and \arious colnur'd Feathers, but 
 'tis obfcrv'd there are none that have Mufical 
 Voice. They have both tame and Wild Fowl for 
 Food, to thofe that will kill, but that part of the 
 Teoplc that are of the B'ltmin Faith, arc much dil- 
 plcafedto feethem catch'd. • 
 
 Their Earth is a fort of Mud and Clay, as the 
 Waters leave it after the Inundation, which is eafi- 
 ly Pk)w'd, and yields mighty Crops of Rice, fo at 
 to enable them to fend great quantities abroaJ, to 
 the neighbouring Iflands and Countries, who for 
 want ot luch Inundations are often reduced to Fa- 
 mine. The higher Land affords fome Wheat, but 
 they are not careful to propagate it, contenting ihem- 
 fclves with Rice, neither is it indeed good, being too 
 dry. 
 
 The People are a mixture of divert Nations, 
 whom Flights from their own Countries, or the pto- 
 fpcft of Gain haji brought hither ; for it is fuppofed 
 tne lownefs of the 1 and, and the inconvenieiKe of 
 the annnual Inundations, made the Country lon- 
 ger unpeopled than its neighbourhood j an<i in ef- 
 fect, they feem by their Form and Manners, to be 
 of the extradtion of Indin, China, Tmquin, G?r. They 
 are of rude unpolifhed Behaviour, trnacquainted 
 with the deeper Parts of Literature, which their na- 
 tural Lazynefs keeps thrin from penetrating into, 
 altho* their Fancy be lively, and Apprehenficn quick. 
 Their Children are taught tc Read, Write and caft 
 Account, by their Tr.lnpoini or Prieft, but further 
 Learning they ate not fond of ; Poetry indeed em- 
 ploys their Wits, and Judicial Aftrology with other 
 Divination they are fond of Altho' they are very 
 Covctcus, they are very Honrft in Dealing ; in Be- 
 haviour Courteous, but Pulfilanimous, and Lazy ; 
 the Mcrhanicks work little and not well, alldefire 
 to be 1 hants, which with Fillicry is their chief 
 
 Employment. The common People go almoft nak- 
 ed, wearing only apainted Calieoround their Waftc 
 and down to their Knees, but the better fort put on 
 a Shirt, ot Veft of Mulling, and fometimes a Man- 
 tle, with a Cap and Slippers : Notwithftanding they 
 go thus almoft ruked, they are very Modeft, and 
 carefully conceal the Privy-Parts. They arc in Sta- 
 ture of the fmaller fize, but well proportioned, and 
 their Complexion Brown. Their Food is Rice and 
 Filh, and their Drink, Water: Wine is not here 
 produced, but being brought from SMrai, is drank 
 by them with delight ; but their common De'jauch 
 is in Trtri and tien, the juice of the Coco and Arec- 
 Trees. 
 
 The King according to the Cuftom of the Eaft, 
 is an ahfolute Monarch ; he gives the 1 and to whom 
 i.e pleafes, and takes it away when he will, whcre- 
 fo'.e no Families can be cnobled by Eftates. Knr ii 
 there any Nobility but by Offices, which the Kin^ 
 confers and takes away at Pleafure ; whence fays 
 Loubine, 'tis no uncommon thing to fee, the Son or 
 Grandfonof a Lord tugging at the Oar. All the 
 Men in the Kingdom except the TaUpoim or Prielts, 
 are liited Soldiers, and bound to ferye the King fix 
 Months ; he Arms them, but they Maintain and 
 Cloath themfelves ; and when no Wars are, he em- 
 pl lys them in fuch Services as he thinks fit. Where- 
 fore the People that are able, commute for this Ser- 
 vice, and contract with him to be excufeJ for a 
 quaori-y of Rice, Aloes-wood, Elephants, Cattle 
 or other Commoditic, or Money. The King is the 
 Grand Merchant of the Kingdom, and has the Mo- 
 nopol. ot all the Staple Goods, as Tin, Ivory, Salt- 
 petre, Sulphur, Lead, Sapan wood, Arack, Arms 
 and Skins, which he (ells to the Dutcl: Ke hath 
 Tax's upon all Plow'd-Land, upon Boats, upon Fur- 
 naces that diftil Arack, upon the Fruit-Trccs, Cu- 
 ftoms upon Merchandize, and other conliderable 
 Revenues, which render him eneflivo rich, and bis 
 People cxtream poor. 
 
 In Religion the Sinmfet are ftupid Idolaters, wor- 
 ftiip Images, and have very extravagant Dogmata : 
 But in Morals their Dodrinc is good, they are 
 forbid to I ie, to Steal, to ccmmit any fort of impu- 
 rity, to Drinks I Vine, or anv intoxicating Liquor, or 
 to kjU, which lift they obfcrve with great firidncfs, 
 and eat no Beafls but what die naturally • They are 
 commanded to fear God, faft on certain Da\s, and 
 do no manner of Work on thofe Days ; c>c. 
 
 The Kingdom of ^T4M is divided into the l^pper 
 and the Lower ; the Upper which is the Northern 
 Part, is fubdivided into Seven Provinces, which 
 bearthe Nameof the chief Cities, v!:[. 
 
 Pourfelcuc, Sttuqutkuc, Lacont/ii, Cnnfeng-pet, C»- 
 conretina, I'echeLonne, and Pitcl.'/ii, 
 
 Tne Lower or Southern Part contains the Pro- 
 vinces of CliAntihon, Petchit or Bcrdchng, Tchiai, Te- 
 najfrrim, Ligor, Pitinn/i, and Ihor. 
 
 The Situation of thel'e Provinces are thus, 
 
 Pourfehuc, is the molt Northern, the chief Town, 
 is feated on the leffer River jt/(n.tn, in the loih. Deg. 
 of Latit. A City of great Commerce, and Forti- 
 fied with 1 9 Baftions. 
 
 S.tngudcur, lies on the Weft of it in the fame Lati- 
 tude, a confiderablc City. 
 
 l.acontai, on the South of Sm^ucIoc, 
 
 Campeng-pet, on the South of LacontAl, in Lat. 
 1 8 Deg. on the Well lide of the River /M.-njn, the 
 Province extending to the Frontiers of P'gu, famous 
 for the fine Iron-Mines near it. Pc- 
 
Of the Kingdom of SY AM. 
 
 Pechebon, Cocon-refitia, and Pitchai, do not appear 
 in the Maps, but may be fuppofed to lie on the Baft 
 and South of thofe before named. 
 
 The Provinces of Lower Siam, matching from 
 Eaft to North-weft, and then down Southward lie 
 thus. 
 
 ch/intebon, as Loubier calls it, but the common 
 Maps name it Liam, flands at the mouth of the 
 River of the fame name, and near the Coaft of the 
 CJulph of S;nm, in Lat. 1 2. on the extream Eaft 
 Part of Syam. 
 
 lenajjerim, lies on a River of the fame name, that 
 1 5 Leagues below, falls into the Bay of Bengal!, 
 in the inouth of the IJlhmui of Malaccf., 180 Miles 
 *)outh-weft from the City of Syam. 
 
 Ligtir in the Pcninfula, in the Gulph of Syam, 
 r«ar the Sea-Coaft in the 8th. Deg. of Lat. 
 
 I'ntati.i, featcd alfo nn the fame Bay, in the 6 Deg. 
 io Min. of Lat. is rcckon'd into the Dominions of 
 this ^ing, but it only pays him Homage, being 
 governed by their own Magiftraic?, whole Chief is 
 a Woman chofen by themfclves, and always an old 
 one that (be may not Marry. 
 
 Jor, Jhor or Jihor, is the moft Southern part of 
 the Peninfula of Mntdccti, tvhicb, altho' the King of 
 j>/i»i may put into his Title, yields him no Obedi- 
 ence, being governed by its own King. 
 
 Having thus given you .1 general Geography of 
 the Kingdom, we will proceed to asmuch particular 
 as we can pick out with certainty 
 
 The City of S»/M, otherwife named ODI4 or 
 OD/O//, and formerly called INOl.l, is a large City 
 feated in an Illand, in the form of a Purfe, made by 
 the windings of the Riv-r Memn, in the 14 Deg. 
 20. M. Latit. Longit. tio D. 30M. The Streets 
 are large and ftraight, and in fome places paved with 
 Bricks laid edg-ways. Moft of the Streets arc wa- 
 tered with Canals, over which aremany forty Bridges 
 made of Hurdles, and fome few of Brick. The 
 Houfes are low, built of Wood, according to the 
 common method in this Country, raifed nor 13 
 Foot from the Ground.upon Pillars of large Bambou's, 
 to prevent inundation, with a (orry 1 adder inftead of 
 Steps. They have ufually but one Story, and where 
 in Grandeur a difference is made of Apartments, the 
 Floor of one Room is raifed a flep or two, and the 
 
 11^ 
 
 next Room as much, and fo forward, every Apart- 
 ment being propoitionably mote honourable, as it is 
 raifed. And therefore the Roofs are of difTcrenc 
 height, the Walls arc but Hurdles hanged with 
 painted Cloath, and the Floors the fame cover'd 
 with Matts or Carpets. In fine, the Houfes appear 
 neat, but not at all Magnificent. This is the general 
 manner of the Houfes of the Natives; but the 
 Euroteaut that have been amongft them have built 
 Brick Houfes, and fome of the better fort have 
 imitated them. Altho' every Houfe ftands upon 
 much Ground, by the means of having but one 
 Story, and withal are generally furnilhed with 
 Gardens, yet not above a fixth part of the 
 Ground within the Walls is built upon, but then 
 the Walls go quite round the Illand, which is 
 1300 French Fathoms long, and iioo broad. 
 The KItgs Palace i^ands on the North fide of 
 the Gty, aid is not of much better Strudure 
 than the left, except that it is built partly of 
 Brick. 
 
 Lcuvo, featcd to the North of Siam, near the 
 Eaft Ba'- . ot the River Mmnn , is notable 
 for the Kings Palace of Pleafurc, where he 
 has fine Gardens. This P.-ilace is alfo built of 
 Brick. 
 
 Bincock,, fcated in an Tfland of the Menun, 
 about feven Leagues from the Mouth of that 
 River into the Sea, is a Town of Note, and 
 is fecured by Forts on the Banks of the River. 
 This is the place where Cuftom for Merchandize is 
 paid. 
 
 On the Northern Frontiers of Siam towards 
 Pegu, flands the City Ctmboii • and towards the 
 Frontiers of Laos, the Town of C'oivi^fwa both 
 famous. 
 
 Scotati, in the Latitude of 16 Deg. near the Menan^ 
 is alfo a confiderablc City. 
 
 Thus we have extracted all that is proper to 
 the rurpofc of this Work, out of the Relation 
 of Monfieut Loijiiere, and that of the fijc 
 French Jefaits, ■.>'ho having been the lateft Tra- 
 vellers thithei , we thought moft proper to be 
 followed, ani' not being able to Colleiil more 
 from them, linifh here our Account of Syam. 
 rather than Copy the uncercgiinties of h^arfay Infoi- 
 mations. 
 
 w 
 
 m 
 
 W 
 
 >' ' '*' M 
 
 .4. 1 
 
 iii'i 
 
 ¥ 
 
 rsi^i 
 
 , sf "•„ 
 
 i^ 
 
 i 
 
 r"r 
 
 Of 
 
 M'l 
 
 •»!«. 
 
 ,(>'•> 
 
I20 
 
 MAST^lJ<iVlES, 
 
 r'fi 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Peninfula of MALACCA: 
 
 Or the Ancient 
 
 Aurea Cherfonefus. 
 
 TH E Neck of Land adjoyning to Sytim on 
 the South, and ftretching out S. E. to 
 N.W. from the iftto the 8th Deg. of 
 N. Latitude, is now commonly called 
 MaUccti, from the City of that Name, and fur- 
 rounded by the Sea on all fides but the North, 
 where it joins to the Province of Ligor and Parana 
 already mentioned in our accotint of Syani, A Coun- 
 try of about 300 Miles in length, and 1 5 o in breadth . 
 The Portuguese in 1 5 1 1 . planted thcmfclves in it, and 
 have ever fince had fome footing there, but the 
 Dutch have moftly driven them out. The Air is 
 exceeding hot, but the Soil however not bad, for 
 it produces Rice, Fruits in great plenty, Cattle, 
 Came of both forts, wild as well as tame Fowl. 
 And Elephants, Tygers, wild Boars, &c. 
 
 The Language of this Country is the mod Copi- 
 ous and Polite of any in the India ; and therefore 
 is commonly ufcd ail •vn its pans, and is called the 
 MALAYAN-Tongue. A Didlionary whereof has 
 been lately Printed at London, b) Captain B:wry. 
 
 The Country is divided into many fmall King- 
 doms fubjed to their own Princes, but their Power 
 is not confidcrable, and the Dutch and Portuguese 
 have always lived undifturbed by them. 
 
 The City MAL^CC^, feated on the Wcftern 
 Coaft, in the 2d Deg. 30 M. Lat. in the ftraight 
 which divides thisPeninfula from the I(land5«w/if ra.is 
 iSoo Paces in Circumference, whereof iooonthe 
 Sea fide on the Eaft fide runs aRiver,and on the N.W. 
 flanils a Mountain, round which a Channel is cut 
 from the Sea to the River, and thereby the City 
 made an Illand. It is ftrongly Fortified with high 
 
 and thick Walls, and a Fort on the other (ide lite 
 River. The Portuguese fitft Fortified it, but the 
 Dutch viYio took it in 1640. now poflefs it. It is 
 inhabited by z or 300 Families Dure/; and Poituguese, 
 together with Malayans and Cbinefes in the Suburbs. 
 And is a handlbm and populous Town, fome of the 
 Streets fpacious, and the Dutch Houfes of Scone 
 but the common Strudture is of Bamboo and low. 
 The walking Canes which we ufe in England^ come 
 moftly from this place. It is well fupplied with 
 Filh and Fruits, and is confiderable for its con- 
 venient Situation for the Paflage to Cl-ina and 
 Syam, but not very notable for its own Traflick, 
 {Damfeir.) 
 
 Sincafourtt, feated on the fame Coaft, about 1 00 
 Miles South-Eaft from Malacca, is notable for 
 giving Name to the Straights of Sumatra, and 
 ftands upon the moft South point of all wy?.;. It 
 was confiderable for Trade before the building of 
 MeUcca, and had its own King. 
 
 Ihor, the Capital of a Kingdom which we fpoke 
 of in nur account of Syam, "ftands at the point of 
 this Continent below Sincopoura. Ic was a laree 
 confiderable City before the Portuguese in 1605. de- 
 ftroyed it. The Kitigof it being thereby driven from 
 thence built another City higher up the River, 
 which he called Batufabar. {Nietihoff.) 
 
 Pahant and Potiniaram, on the Eaftein Coaft are 
 Port Towns. And 
 
 Pat ana, the Capital of a Kingdom which we 
 mentioned in our account of Syam, is a noted Marc 
 Town. 
 
 Qiieda, over againft it on the Weftern Coaft, isalfo 
 a Port Town. 
 
 O F 
 
 CAMBODIA or CAMBOYA. 
 
 CAmbodia, lyes on the Eaft fide of the Bay of 
 Sy.tm on the North ; Cochlnchina on the Eaft j 
 and the Ocean on the South. The Wcftern 
 part is Mountainous and Dcfart, the midland lyes 
 low, and has the River -Vfiron running quite through 
 it from North to South, which overflows Annually, 
 and diowns the neighbouring Lands. The Country 
 yiilds Venifon, Beef, I'ork, Goats, Poultry. As 
 alfu Oranges, Citrons, Mango's and Coco's, toge- 
 ther with Rice in very great plenty. 
 
 It is governed by its own King, who is Tributary 
 to the King of Syam. The chief City Cambcyn is 
 feated on the River Mccon, in the nth Deg. Lat. 
 it confifts of one large Street, built on a high ground 
 to proteft it from inundation. The Pottnguf^.' have 
 a Faiitor) here, and receive in Exclian;;c tor the 
 Goods they bring. Rice, War, Laci(uc, Benzoin, 
 Brafs, China, Iron, &c. The other Towns ot note 
 are Lauwccl^oi^ the Monte, 100 Miles above C-mt- 
 bofa, which Baudrand makes the Capital City. 
 
 Xiriaii.i. 
 
Pulo Condore. 
 
 Tgrrma, Lamor andC<iM, three Port Towns on the 
 Vl'efternCoaft. 
 
 On the Coaft of Cambodia, at no great diftance 
 from the Shoar, there lye i. parcel of fmall Iflaods, 
 whereof the chief as being the biggeft and the only 
 one that is inhabited, is 
 
 Cmdore or Ptili-Condort, Pulo fignihes Illand, fo 
 Piilo Condon- is as much as to fay Condore Ifland. It 
 lyes 10 Leagues South and by Haft from the Mouth 
 of the River of Cambodia in 8 D. 40 Min. Latit. 
 It is about four or five Leagues long, lying North 
 Haft and South Weft, and not above four Miles 
 broad in its largeft part, and in other not above 
 two Miles. The next Ifland in bignefs lyes fo con- 
 veniently at the Weft end of it, that it forins a 
 cooimodious Harbour. In fome parts the mold is 
 black and pretty deep, but the greated part is 
 Sandy ; divers tsll and large Trees fit for any ufe 
 grotv upon it, among which, one they call the 
 Uamitiar-Trce, yielding a clammy juice of a brown 
 G3lour,which being boiled becomes likeTar,and may 
 be boiled to the conliftency of Pitch, this 1 rce is 
 three or four Foot Diameter, and inuit be wounded 
 very deep Horizentally, and again Perpendicu- 
 larly, and making a fufiiciem Cavity, the juice 
 flows down into it. Here ate Mango-Trees j a Tree 
 
 121 
 
 bearing a Fruit like a Grape ; and wild Nutmeg- 
 Trees. Of Animals here are Lizards, Guano's, 
 Pidgeons, a fmall fort of Cocks and Hens, which 
 run wild in the Woods, and arc good Food, I.impits, 
 MufclTS and Turtle. There be many fmall Brooks 
 of frefn Water which dry up in the heat of Summer, 
 but Wells may be dug in fome parts to fijpply 
 during that Seafon. The Inhabitants are of fmall 
 Stature, dark Q)mpIcxion and good fhape, civil tn 
 their behaviour but very poor : they are of Ccchinehina 
 cztraA, and are Idolaters. Their chief employ- 
 ment is making Tarr or Oiammat from the Tree 
 above mentioned, and tranl'porting it to CochinchiM. 
 (D^mpeii.) 
 
 The Situation of this place is very commodious 
 for carrying on a Trade with China, the Philipitie 
 IQands, Tonquin, Ciichiiid}ina,Ciimbnjf.^ Syam, and all 
 that Eaftern Coaft And was therefore poileffed for 
 fome time by our new Enj/iY^ I-eJI-hdia Company, 
 who in the Year 1701. fettled a ^nall Fadtory here 
 w^=ch had taken a Party of Natives from Ctlttrs to 
 ferve and aflift them j but thefe People rofe in Rebel- 
 lion the beginning of -Wrr/', 1705. Burnt, Murder' 
 ed and deftroyed the whole Fadfory, their Houfes 
 and Goods, in fo much, that but very few efca • 
 ped. 
 
 i' im 
 
 )" ! 
 
 O F 
 
 TONQUIN 
 
 AND 
 
 COCHINCHINA or ANAM. 
 
 TH E Coiinneni wliieh we intend to com- 
 prize in this Chapter, extends from the 
 nth Deg. to the 23th Deg. oflat. lying 
 beyond S]tam and Cjmhodia, the upper 
 part which is Jomjuin, extends to the Frontiers of 
 C.iiina, and the lower part is bounded by the Sea, 
 named the Bay of Tonquin. It conlifts of the 
 three Kingdoms of Tonkin, Ccchinchina and Chiampa. 
 
 TONgJ/'rX,Ton4''«,or To»i-/ii>/,bordcrs on the North 
 and N. F.. on the Kingdom of Cliina, on the Weft 
 upon the Country of Laot ot Jatucma, to the South 
 upon Cochiuchina, and the South Eaft it is waihed by 
 the Sea. The Soil is rich, and fertil watered with 
 divers Rivers, the chief of which is large and di- 
 vided into two Branches, which fall into the Bay, 
 one whereof called /{okioo, at ibeN. W. corner of it, 
 at 10 Deg. 6. M. N. Lat. The other Domea, 10 
 Leagues N. E. of it in 10 D. 4;. M. which is both 
 larger and deeper than theother, and frequented by 
 Hutoptan Ships. 
 
 The Ait is healthy and pleafant in the Dry Scafoo, 
 but is very hot if the Sun appear in the Monfoon. 
 The Rairo begin in May, and tail to Stftnnbtr, and 
 
 caufc great La.id Floods ; but from Novembir to 
 March, the Weather is dry, warm and pleafant. 
 
 The Soil produces every thing neceflary to Life, 
 j;/^. great Store of Rice, Potatoes, Herbage, Melons, 
 Bonana's, Mango's, Oranges, Limes, Cocoes, Mul- 
 berries, Bctele, &c. Of Animals, they have Ele- 
 phants, Buffalo's, Bullocks, Goats, Deer, Hogs, 
 fome Sheep, Dogs, Qts, Lizards, Snakes, Scorpions, 
 &c. They abound in tame Fowl, as Cocks and 
 Hens, Ducks and Geefe, and have Partridge, wild 
 Ducks, Teal, Herns, Turtlc-Doves, Pelicans, Par- 
 rots and Parrokiies, &c. Their Rivers and 
 Ponds abound in feveral forts of good Fifh, and the 
 Sea furnilhes them with Sea and Land Crabs, Craw- 
 fifh. Shrimps and Prawm, befides Sea Tortoizes ; 
 they have alfo plenty of Anchovies. Of all which 
 the Markets are well furnilhed, as alfo of the Flefh 
 of Hories, Elephants, (whofe Trunk is eftecmed a 
 delicacy j Cats and Dogs. 
 
 The Land abounds with Villages, and People 
 who are clean limbed and middle fized, and not fo 
 tawny as the other Indium, they are Ingenious, Do- 
 cile aad Faithful, and make curious Silk Stuffs, and 
 Lacquet'dWate. The common People wear Cotton- 
 
 ^ R Cteatb, 
 
 {; '. 
 
 i i' 
 
 :' 
 
 ■tm 
 
 :• !!»' 
 
 ■ m ' iIi''t; 
 
 ii[;yA|;]^-''^-' 
 
,22 BASr^i 
 
 Cloath, Init tht ManJanns gr*en «nd ted EniUfh 
 Cloatli. Thtif Houfcs arc Tow with mudd Walh, 
 and P«rtifions of Reeds or Cdtrts, with hieanFiir- 
 nihtM-. The Trading part of tht People are Civil, 
 the Mliidsrids or Magtftritcs Proud, the Soldiers 
 Infolf rtt, and the Poor addlded to Thel't. 
 
 The Offvernrttettt is Tyraftfiical iind«r two Kings, 
 ihe ohc « ho 15 the lawftil SucrclFt* calkd Bm/it, is 
 kei>t in tht Palace a kind f Pfifoner, while the 
 ChoTH of an tifurped Rsce ejt.rcifes the Qovetnitent, 
 tliis has Joo rtorfe ami loo Elephants, in his Stables 
 and mdititaim art Anny of between ToandSocao 
 Men, whereof ^oooo near his Petfjh. 
 
 1 hf Religion is Pagan. And the Language has 
 an Afli'iity to the Chinrfr, and it wtittteti in that 
 Charaiiter. 
 
 The chief Cities. 
 
 C/^ekn or Ks'^ei", the Metropolis is feated on the 
 Weft-lidetit' that Branch of the great Rifer named 
 Dotvrit, ".liirh is as broad as the 'P'-irnei at Lttmheel', 
 So Milts ftijitl the Sea, on a Sandy riling ground 
 Mt\\ neithct Walls tior l>itolus, the Houtei, which 
 areabotlt It' no, are of Siiudlulr atoiv nventioncd 
 with Vaults of brick, bching them to Iccurc Gcodt 
 f'om File, to wliiiti the Town is very bubjciit, the 
 Streets are broad ami ill paved. The lin^lifh hi\e i 
 Kailory hctc, ami a Huiifc of low bm handfomc 
 Strudnre. Tht- Dmch have alio a Faiitory and 
 Hoiilc. The King has three Palaces here, with 
 larf;c Stables .ind fair Court Yards, to draw up Sol- 
 diers in. The Kings Houfcs arc built of Timber, 
 two of ihcmarc but mean, but the third is mofe 
 Magnificent, and is Currounded wirh a Wall faced 
 with Brick three T.e^es in CIrcuintetnce 16 Foot 
 high, and as nmcJUmick. 
 
 Higher up i.i Ac Coumrc^ upon liie faOte Rivtr 
 (lands Heihv!, another City inhabited by Soldiers 
 and fome C'rinejr Merchants, and a French Faiftory. 
 
 The whole Kingdom is divided into eight large 
 Provinces, !<^. the E«ft and Weft Provinces, the 
 PrOvirtce ot Cue/;./; ift the middle ofehem, and the 
 PrnviiiCTs of Teu.m, '1';>i4ion and Nieitm -on the 
 
 Frontiers. 
 
 The fi»y of ^M"^' i"; made bj the Ifland of 
 itihrnn, wfiirh lyi-s in 1 9 O. N. I,at. on the Halt 
 rrrd vhe Coantry of 'CnchiiKlnna on tlie W«ft, it is 
 ?r li-agiiCT wide, «id kis h« Faitttom Water in 
 its Full it. ^ith, but- *fi%&t Shoal caked P'vitr/lyes 
 TOfst?, wti-h ( •h!me4s liowcveroneHch^Sde, forSiiips 
 co-ptl?;. 
 
 f h'^ rvMch I havc<irti-.«fted from Oamfeir, wjtft 
 w«s there 111 i6i!S. an* \Miinf, a ifeicMal reimr, 
 thooght !vrm a pf^^pe* .prti<»e ; aijfl fdppafe wlMt 4ie 
 hss tilrnrfli,\|, ^« fiificK* M ^ive the deader 
 fr-di tin Met, M *? «»pe<?h fpom • Uoek «f fhit 
 N^tMV, 
 
 C0(.'Hi.\'( //f\.», fwoiifls alxive 100 LeagKi 
 Hlongt^heSea Coaffl, 'reekoniogfronn tfie Kingdom ©f 
 Ct>iainpn,\n thtSdnrii 10 the t"tont<i*s'«f TM«« <m the 
 North, between the 1 ithafid '17th Opg. of N. Lab. 
 b'ltmvica on die Weft ^' a "R-idge ot Aloiii*ains, 
 •when l;A'c-aSafvfti.€ People <:«llc<lj!;^r»rtB»^ «r|io Wrtl 
 not fuhmir to "(iovernmenr. 
 
 1 he imine fif CoclAMchhin, hns been mren it -by 
 ^he Ti'rftr»''c:^', for nhe Kativc* cail it Antm, At 
 ■Welt Country bccaufe' Weft of Chin/), whereof 
 
 NVIES. 
 
 fotne fay it Wat formerly part. Cochi is the Japii- 
 ;;f/eNair.c, as figiiitung Wcit in their Tongue, and 
 liecaufe the ?<i^c».'/'f introduced ihe I'oitutut^^e mo 
 the Tfade of this place, they made ufeof chcir nanie 
 of It, bat ill regard the Name was too onucha-kiii 
 10 (-cchiti, on the M4/<ii/7-Coaft, where they already 
 Traded, to dtftinguilh this, they called it Coc/j/nWjiM, 
 q. d. the Chineje txhin. 
 
 It i.< divided into live Provinces, w'^. Sinuvti, 
 which l^et ncit to 'l;j;i;/M, wherein the King refidi'i, 
 Cachium, wherein the Prince his Son governs. .Qujw- 
 <"/<*) }il''&""'i othetwil'e cal^.ed Pulutamii and 
 Htnon. 
 
 it w»8 formerly part of the Kingdom of To>,l{in, 
 but of lite Subjed to its own Prince. 
 
 In this as in all other places between the Tropicks, 
 tlK're are two Siafoiis, the DijandH'it, each laltiiig 
 abuut liz Months, fonieiiines a little more or Iclj, 
 In the Dry Sealbn the Air is generally very Hot, 
 excepting that on and near the Sea Coaft, ititalitdc 
 cooled every Day by the Sea Breeze. In the Wee 
 Sealbn it is cooler, by reafon of the continual Rains. 
 Thefe Rains which are conAaiit and Periodical, (and 
 not the Snows and Raina on Mountains only; are the 
 caufe of the Freflies or Inundation of the Indian Ri- 
 vers, as alio of the llpftUn Nile. 
 
 Accordingly, the Climate is Temperate here, foral- 
 tho' the Summer Months o{ June, 'Juiy and ^lugiiji be 
 violently hot the Sun being then in the Z^cnitli ; jn the 
 Months of .fc/^^/crn/'fr, O^loTf) and NovcmOcr, the Airij 
 cooled by continual Rains which fall on theMouiitains 
 of Kjnioti, whence the Waters falling overflow the 
 Lands, thefe Floods happen once a Fortnight, aiidlafl 
 ^' -»e Days at a time. In December, January a„j 
 tebruary, there are cold Northerly Winds, and in 
 the otherthree Months, the«e appears aplealant vcr- 
 ditit Spring. 
 
 Thefe Ifltindations tender the Land very fruitful, 
 producing three Crops a year of Rice, together with 
 Oranges, Banona's, Anana's, Melons, the Can 
 tinoo, Giacca and Durioii, delicious Fruits peculiar 
 to this and the neighbouring Countries. Arcca and 
 Betele, and divers other Fruits as well as Herbs, Sec. 
 TIfcy ka«c Cattk-and Fowl and Filh in plenty. 'And 
 a Icirtaf Food conitron to moll pans of the Eaft ■ 
 namely, the edible Birds Nelt; there is a Iniall Bird 
 like aSwallow^ which builds bis Nell in the Rcdcs 
 upon the Sea Coaft, compofing it of the Sea Fioth, 
 and « jiMce otJt of its own Stomach, which h«lcns 
 m the Sun, and is almoft Traofpanent, this Kelt 
 beiHRfoftened in waitti Waicr, and pulled intofmall 
 pieces, issfuallyputintoCroths : ttisvei^ nourilh- 
 mg, but of little tafte, as I am informed by a 
 iwrymgenions Gentleman, who has TrtveJied in thefe 
 parts J altho" Father Borri, a Millionary here, applauds 
 it «« tnoft delicious Food. 
 
 l#erc is l«cb plenty of iiilk, that the very Pcalants 
 ■re<iad midi it, and the Mulberry- Ttecs grow in 
 ktgeWa(j«s » plcnu 'irily as coonRon Hedges widi us. 
 TheSilk unoc fotme4Mcl left tut ftronget andtnore 
 ftibltawiaf dun that of China. 
 
 They have Tiiaber of various forts, whereof that 
 oaBed Xm is fo bwdas to be incorroptibk, and fervca 
 (01 A-nciiors- And Ak /tquila-Trtt grows on the 
 Mourtainsof v'<m<»s, the Wood whert.jf lia«««ioft 
 tragTMt faioUitbe older tfaeTree the more istheSeent, 
 and therefore the Cahmhn, which is tlie Wood of an 
 oid l>oe, is wtudi tiie mone valuable, and it alio 
 we, beraa& tboli: nU jCreca, gtow on high maccaffi- 
 McMeumaim ; vhisiidK Kings Monopoly, none 
 
 el(c 
 
 being allowet 
 
 Commodity 1 
 
 for a Pillow. 
 
 for I find the 
 
 phantsand Rl 
 
 The PeopI 
 
 Chinefi, that i 
 
 With flat Nof( 
 
 and courteous 
 
 than their Nc 
 
 with Military 
 
 Sciences in Ui 
 
 grees. They ; 
 
 than their Nci 
 
 Body quite co 
 
 colours, and a 
 
 loofe Gowns, 1 
 
 of Silk inftead 
 
 Waflcoa, clofe 
 
 with a Vail 01 
 
 behind. Iheii 
 
 Icg'd rn the Gi 
 
 Fcalls, which t 
 
 dinaiily have 
 
 Fruits : The C 
 
 foreinftead of ^ 
 
 Their Langii 
 
 is written witi 
 
 The Learned I 
 
 noiily fpoken : 
 
 Tile Men are 
 
 than any of the 
 
 The Kin^ is 
 
 about 100 Yea 
 
t-:^' 
 
 Of COCHINCHINA. 
 
 being allowed co Tell it, ani^ it is a moft valuable 
 Commodity in Chin/i, whcic they ufe a Block of it 
 for a PiJIow. I fuppofe this to be the Aloe«-Tree, 
 foi I find the t«vo Names ufcd Synonimoufly. EJe- 
 phants and Rhinocerots are plenty here. 
 
 The People arc in Ihape and colour like the 
 Chmejc, that is, of the lower Stature, Olive colour'd, 
 with flat Nofcs, and fmall Eyes. In Manners, civil 
 and courteous , kind to Strangers, and more Polite 
 than their Neighbours, encouraging Learning equal 
 with Military Arts, and Study Morality and the 
 Sciences in UniverCties, where Profeffors confer De- 
 grees. They arc much more decent in their Cloaths 
 than their Neighbours, being clad in Silk, and their 
 Body quite cover'd ; their Garments are of various 
 colours, and are beautiful enough; the Men wear 
 Icnfe Gowns, and fwath their lower parts with Bands 
 of Silk inftead of Breeches : The Women wear a 
 Walcca. clofe to their Bodies, and divers Petticoats, 
 with a Vail over all, and their Hair hanging loofe 
 behind. 1 heir Food is chiefly Rice, and (it crofs'd 
 Jcc'd rn the Ground, round a low Table. In their 
 Fcalis, which they make with great Pomp, they or- 
 dinarily have loo Dilhes of Flcfli, Fowl, Filh, and 
 Fruits : The Country produces no Grapes, and there- 
 fore inftcad of Wine, they drink Arack- 
 
 Their Language is fomewhat like the Chintfe, but 
 is written with much lefs Variety of Charaifters. 
 The Learned Language is different from that com- 
 .iioiily fpokcn : And their Religion is P.if,nn. Laftly, 
 The Men are rcckon'd Braver and better Soldiers 
 than any of their Neighbours. 
 
 The King is the Defccndant of an Ufurper, who 
 about 1 00 Years ago threw off the Goveriunenc of 
 
 123 
 
 Tonquin, but pays him large Tribute for Peace Sake 
 He is able to bring 80000 Men into the Field, who 
 ufe Fire Arms, and arc good Marks-men. 
 
 The Panuiuc:{e had formerly a Trade here, and 
 the ehintje come Yearly hither on Traffick. 
 
 Thus far I have borrow'd from Father Bcrri, a 
 MiUue^^c jefuit, wbo was one of cbe firll Miflionaries 
 in this Country. 
 
 Ccchin-chin/i afforfs Gold, and I believe a final! 
 quantity of Silver, (tho' of this latter I am not cer- 
 tain) but no Pepper nor Porcelain, as Dr. Heylin and 
 Smifon relate. 
 
 The chief City which bears the Name of the King- 
 dom, and is the Place of the King's Refidence, ftands 
 in the 1 6 Deg. of North Latit. not far from the Sea. 
 
 Other Cities and Towns mentioned by Travellers, 
 are, Bouten an excellent Haven, Cuccian a Royal 
 Scat, and reforted to by the Chinefc for Trade, and 
 Si-.tifo formtrly a Mart-Town, but now decay 'd, bc- 
 caufe its Harbour is choak'd with Sand. 
 
 CHIAMPA which is another fmaller Kingdom, is 
 the South Part of the fame Continent, the Town 
 which gives Name to the Country, ftands on the Sea- 
 Coaft, in the 1 1 Deg. North Lat. But Sanfm Names 
 I'ulocncem as its Capital, but that muft be a miftakc, 
 for I'ulo fignifies an Ifland, but it is not likely 
 that the Metropolis of a Country on the Contiient, 
 fhould be feated in a fmall Illand. 
 
 Some Geographers have reckon'd this Country 
 Part of Cambodia, But it is now under the King of 
 Cochinchina. 
 
 And thus much for Indin extra Gangetn. 
 
 ^ 
 
 R 2 
 
 I 1 - 
 
 :».^ 
 
 ..r ii , 
 
 G£ 
 
 '^ } 
 
 t t' 
 
 '» M 
 
 
 l^ 
 
 
 
124- 
 
 EASr^lJslDlES. 
 
 I ! 
 
 O F TH E 
 
 ISLANDS 
 
 On the Coaft oUN'Dl A 
 
 li':' 
 
 m 
 
 ij 
 
 m 
 
 IF Before we enter upon our account of thefe 
 Iflands, wc fpeak a word or two concerning 
 thofc our Ships touch at in E/iJi-lndia Voyages, 
 altho' they arc defcribed in their proper pla- 
 ces, we truft our Reader will not think the 
 Repetition impertinent. I mean Santa Htltnn and 
 Mauritiui. 
 
 SANTA HELENA, fo named by the Po)tii(ut^t, 
 becaufc difcovered on St. Heltn'i Day, lyes in the 
 i6 D. II M. South Lat. Longii. ii D. from Fart, 
 350 Leagues Wefl of the Coaft oi An^lain Afika, 
 550 Leagues North Weft from the Cape of Good 
 Hope, and 510 Leagues Eaft from the Coaft of 
 Braiit, It is a fmall Ifland, not above 10 Miles 
 
 cvu 
 
The 1 /lands on the Coast of India. 
 
 over, but is a moft excellcnc Soil. When the Por- 
 tugue:{t firft difcovered it, they (locked it with 
 Goats and Hogs, and planted divers Fruits and 
 Hcrhs, all which have floiiriflicd ever fince, and our 
 Seamen find here plenty of frefh Provilions, and 
 which 13 better, they arc furc 'o be cured of the 
 Scurvy, for not only is the Air fcrcne and wholfome, 
 by reafon of the frctli Breezes, but alfo the Land 
 yields Herbs, which iiifufBd in a Rath, fupple their 
 Limbs, and taken inwardly, fo foon reduces the 
 Blood to a true Craiis, that as Dawpeir tells us, Men 
 that have been carried alhoar i,> Hammocks, have 
 been able to walk in a Weeks tiioe. Here arc three 
 Rivers which riling in the high Midland, fall into 
 the Sea. Tliele Streams atlorj good watering to 
 our Ships, who feldom fail to call here in their 
 return froin In.-tia. Dr.mpeir fpcaks only of Potatn's, 
 Yams, Plantains and Ronana's, together with Gi apes, 
 which tliey were in hopes to rear, as the Fruits of the 
 place, but Mnntcifo and Kicuhtjf, who were both 
 there thcfirft in 1639. the latter in 1658. talks of 
 Figs, Pomgranates, Citrons ai id Oranges. And all 
 agree, there are plenty of Hops, Goats, Bullocks, 
 Dunghil Fowl, Geefe, Ti^rkics and other Fowl. 
 The I'oi I iigu :{■ on\y (locked the Ifland with tbrfe 
 conveniences, and left it free to be ufed by all 
 Nations. The Dutch liking the Situation, fet- 
 tled on it, but when their Plantation at ihc Cape was 
 fixed, they Deferted this, and then our Etiglijh Eajl- 
 WiVr Company fettled Servants there, and began to 
 Fortify it, which the Dutch it feems would not fuffer, 
 forcoming upon them in 1672. they expelled them. 
 But out Compaiiy foon revenged it, in the recovery of 
 the place, and Capture of two rich Dutch E,tf -India 
 Ships. Ever fincc the Ifland hath been in the hands 
 of the Enilifhy and is fo well (Ircngthened, as to be 
 in no danger from an Enemy. 
 
 MAVRjriVS Ifland, or the MAVlipSHES, as 
 the Seamen call it, lyes on the Ead fide of Muda- 
 guj'cnr, at above 100 Leagues diftance fromit, in the 
 20th Deg. of South Lat. Longit. 7<5. about 30 or 40 
 Leagues in Circumference. It was (irA difcovcrcd 
 by the Portufic^c, and by them named Ceme, but 
 the £)M(ci making themfelvcs Maftersof it in 1598. 
 gave it the McfentNamcin honour of Prince Miiun'cc 
 otNaffau- The Land is Mountainous, and may be 
 fecn vecy far ar Sea, atid yields the beft Ebony 
 wood in the World J- the Valleys produce Fruit and 
 plenty of Fowl, 4nd the Sea abounds in Filh ; 
 there are alfo good Streams of fre(h Water, and the 
 Ait is very healthy. There are ^wo good Havens, 
 one in the North Weft in lo Deg. South Lat. the 
 other North Baft in 10 Deg. is Mia all which 
 have made the Dutch build a Foit u pon it, and the 
 Ships of England, as well as Holland, frequently 
 call there for Water and Refrefluncnts. 
 
 To proceed now to the Indian Iflands ; Wherein 
 we wUl beein from the Weft, and therefore view 
 Cejlcn and the Maldives ; Before we proceed to Suma- 
 tra, Java, iornco, Celebet , the Spice Ijlands, the 
 Moluccds, the Philtipine Iflands, and the La- 
 drones, 
 
 CEYLON, fuppofed to be the Taprobanaof Ptolemy, 
 is a large Ifland lying from the £th to the loth Deg. 
 of North Latit. 140 Miles from North to South, 
 and in breadth, in the South parts 140 Miles, but 
 in the North pan not 100, being inform like a 
 
 Pear, divided from the Main Land of the PcninfuU 
 iniiaGttngcm, by the Straight Mn>i,tr, which p.irts it 
 from the Coiommuicl Coaft. It's Long, from the yrth 
 to the 99th Deg. It abounds with Rice, and yiciJs 
 Pepper, Gijigcr, Cardamum, Sugir and Tobacco. 
 Fruits of all forts arc (ecu here, but not Cultivated, 
 and grow wild. The Arcik ,ind Hetele Tree, and 
 the 7.) /iW Tree, the former tor the Kut, and the 
 latter for its 1 eaf, whi^h is two or three yards 
 long, are much Cultivated. The Wrft/? is generally 
 ufed by all Degrees of People here, as clfewhere in 
 hiHif.. And the Titipct Leaf lerves for cnveriiip 
 from Rain, for Bed and T'ent in Travelling, and 
 various other ufes : altho' itl)c very long, it folds up 
 like a Fan in fo little Room, that they carry it ea(ily 
 in Journejing. They have all the neeelfary kinds of 
 Catrlc, Fowl and Filh, with many kinils of wild 
 Beads, among which the Elephants of this Ifland are 
 reckoned the befl and moft Docile of all hulia. 
 The Rivers and Sea Coaft afford Pearl, and the 
 Land fevcral forts of precious Stones, cfpecially 
 Rubies. But the more valuable Produce of thi,s 
 Land, and for which the D««c/) have been fo careful 
 to exclude all other Ewopeans is CINNAMON, 
 which grows very plentifully in this Ifland, and no 
 where etfc. 
 
 The natural Inhabitants are called Chingulifys, 
 fuppofed to have come Originally from China, with 
 whom are mixed Mahhars and Moors. Of the 
 ChinguUys, there are a Race who live wild in the 
 Woods without Government, but the civilized part 
 of them are a proper well favoured People, who 
 are Ai5tive, Ingenious, Crafty and Treacherous, 
 Grave and Courteous in their beh.iviour, tcirpe- 
 ratc in Food, apd frugal and neat in their Fami- 
 lies. They are Pagans in Religion, and have as 
 ridiculous Stones of their Gods .is their Neigh- 
 bours. 
 
 Their Houfes are poor low thatch'd Cottages, 
 built with Sticks, and dawbed over with Clay, ne- 
 ver above one Story hiy.h ; the better fort have 
 them in the better manner, but none ftmptucus. 
 Their chief Food \s Rice, for Fleth and Filh be- 
 ing fcanty, they ratlier choofe to fell than eat 
 it. 
 
 The King is as Abfolutc here as in the other 
 parts of Inciiti, cngrolfes to himfclf all the Wealth 
 of the Country, and keeps his People Poor, fo that 
 none but the Governours of Provinces and Officers 
 under the King have any Wealth. 
 
 The Dutch poflcfs the Coaft, at leaft all the 
 Havens on it, quite round the lOnnd. The l'or:ii~ 
 gue:{e were the firft Eincpcnn Inhabitants here, but 
 the Dutch have after long Wars, quite beaten them 
 out and have polfeflbd it folcly tor thefe 40 or 50 
 years paft. 
 
 The Places they poffcfs arc 
 
 Jaffnapatatv, a (Irong Town or Caftle feared on 
 a Bay, or Arm of the Sea, in the North partof the 
 Ifland, of quadrangular form, furrounded with 
 ftrong Walls and a large Ditch, and well fumifhed 
 with Cannon. The adjacent Country (which is a 
 Peninfula Iwtween the Straight of Mtn.ir, and the 
 Arm of Sea which pafTuig by laffnapatim, runs 1 5 
 Leagues within Land) is all Si-.bjeift to the Dutch, 
 it bore the Naiac of the Kingdom of fajfiiapatani, 
 and is divided into four Provinces, w iicrein arc a great 
 number of Villages, and many Chriftian Churches 
 creiled, moftly by the Portuguese, now cxercilcd by 
 the Dutch, who teach great Numbers of Children, 
 
 and 
 
 I'':,. 
 
 W 
 
 fji^. 
 
 '. '•) 
 
 •"^Ai 
 
 
 mm 
 
126 
 
 EASr^JNDltS. 
 
 Mi 
 
 ami inftruA thi m in the Chriftian Faith. Baldxui, 
 the Dutch Miniftrr who livcj here, has given us the 
 Pidlures of 2 1 of thofc Churches, which appear 
 handfumc Stniifturcs. Jtiffn.ifatitm was taken Wh. 
 1658. 
 
 MAN/tRI(^, a fmall Ifland a few leagues S. from 
 Jaffvitff.t.im, fainous on account of its Pearl Fiihery, 
 hat a Dror.g Caitle for its Defence. This Ifland was 
 reduced by the Dutch, dnno \6<it. 
 
 C/ILPEmiNIi, an Ulandoflargcr extent, lyes on 
 the Weftern Coal), near 10 Leagues more to the 
 South. 
 
 Negumbe, a ftiong Fortrefs feated on the Wertern 
 Coaft of Ceylon, in the 7 D. 10 M. Lat. was taken 
 by the Dutch in 1644. 
 
 Columbo, feated alfo on the Weft Coaft not many 
 Leages South from Negumbo, is another Fortrefs taken 
 by them, in 1656. 
 
 Gitte, called ['unta G11II4 by the Portuguese, lyes 
 on the South end of the Ifland in the 6th Deg. Lat. 
 It is very ftrong in its Situation as well as Fortificati- 
 on, and IS a Ciry well built of Stone being the Capi- 
 tal of the Portugue:{e firft, and now of the Dutch in 
 (■eylim , and the feat of the Govcrnour. 
 
 Batecnlun, another Fortrefs feated on the Eafl fide 
 of the Illand, in 8 D. Lat. was taken by the Dutch in 
 i6j8. 
 
 LaiUv, Trinquemalc, on the North Eaft liJc of 
 the lliand, is another Fort which they took in 
 1639. 
 
 Thcfe are all the Notable Places on the 
 Coafts. 
 
 The Inland parts of Ceylon are almoft unknown 
 to Europeant, nay, even to the Hollanders themfelves, 
 who inhabit the Coafts: Neither is it any Wonder, 
 in regard that the whole Ifland is every where befet 
 with very fteep, barren and dreadful Mountains, that 
 cannot be pafted but where the Paths are beaten, 
 which indeed are many in number, but fo narrow, 
 that only one Perfon at a time can go on them ; 
 and certain Officers, appointed by publick Au- 
 tliority, always keep Watch on the Borders of thefe 
 Palfag^s, who fuiier tionc to enter, or go forth, 
 without leave: However, there is extant a latge 
 Hiftorical Defcription of this Country, written by 
 ^bert Klnox, an Engii/h Sea-Captain, fometime in 
 the Service of the Eajl-Intlia Company, who lived 
 there a Captive for twenty one Yean and a half ; 
 vet fo as during the laft Years, he had an Opportu- 
 nity of viewing all the Provinces, and of taking a 
 particular Account of every thing remarkable in thofe 
 parts ; till at laft, he found means to make his E- 
 Icape, after a wonderful manner on the i8th of 
 Oflobet, 1679. According to his Information, the 
 Inland Country abounds with Hills, Springs and 
 Rivers full of Fi(h; but fiigh as are rocky and unfit 
 for Navigation : The ttioft eminent of thefe is 
 Mavelitgonga, which taking; its Rife from Adartlt 
 Mountain, flows towards the North, and having 
 watered. a very large Trad of Ceylon, difcharges it 
 felfinto.the Ocean, near the Town of Trinquilemale : 
 There are alfo vaft Woods, which feive both for 
 the Boundaries and Ramparts of the feveral Pro- 
 vinces: The Valleys are tor the moft part Fenny, 
 and enriched witl) abundance of Springs of an admi- 
 rable Clearnefs. 
 
 The inneriTloft Traifts of this Ifland are very 
 populous, and thofe that lie iKar the Sea-Coafts are 
 much lefs inhabited ■' In the former, to the Eaft 
 of the Town of Co/sm^D, ftandthe bigheft Mountain 
 
 o(Cerlon, and even (as fome affirm) of the whole Con- 
 tinent of liiiti.i, called Humaltel by the Inhabitants 
 and Pico de /tdnm, or Ainmi Mountain by the Por- 
 tuiuc:{e, and other Europer.ns : It is extremely Itcep 
 and of a Conick Figure, having on the top, ,1 plain 
 fmooth Stone, on whith is imprinted a large Mark 
 of an Humane Foot ; The Natives believe this to be 
 the Footftcp of the firft Parent, v;ho was taken up 
 from thence into Heaven, and upon that account 
 they adore it, with a wonderful Supcrftitinn ; and to 
 that purpofc, in the beginning of the Year, the 
 Men, Women, Boys and Girls, nntwirhftanding fo 
 difficult a palfafie, climb up to the top of it, out of a 
 Principle of Religion. The Air of the inner 
 Tra(fts isdifferent, fo that the'Northern Part, byrca- 
 fon of the Corruption and Scarcity of the Wiiterj, 
 is lefs healthful and ftrtilc ; but the reft arc other- 
 wife difpolled by their natural Temperature : When 
 the Weft-winHs blow, it rains in the Wtftern Part 
 of the Ifland, and the Seeds are committed td the 
 Ground ; whilft at the fairx time rhe other Part, 
 towards the Eaft, enjoys moft fcrcnc and hnt Wea- 
 ther, and the Inhabitants are employed in looking 
 after their Harveft : h hapnts << rtinruilt 
 in both Quarters, wlicn* the Kaft-winds blow. 
 This Ifland was lomctiine divided into t'oir 
 Kingdoms, but thebcft Part of it is now uiiHer the 
 Dominion of 'C'wi/c t-V/.i, a Prince whole Govern- 
 ment is Arbitrary, and to whom his Subjeifls general- 
 ly give Divine Honours. 
 
 The inner Countrey of Ceylon is divided into the 
 greater and leflTcr Parts, the former of which Capr. 
 Kjtox calls Provinces, and the other Counties ; be- 
 caufethey refcmblethe Counties Or Shires of England, 
 but are not like them with refpcift to the largenefs of 
 their Extent .- He informs us, That the Province of 
 NoweCalavit is (ituated towards theN. and includes 
 Hve Counties ; as alfo the Province of Hmcohi//, com- 
 prehending fevcn Counties ; On the Eaft, he places 
 the Province of Mnutaly, fubdivided into three 
 Counties: Towards the fame Qiiarter, appear Ta»i. 
 m/inijuod, Bintiina,Vellitt and P/iunnoflM diftind Coun- 
 ties, with the Province of Ouvah, to which he at- 
 tributes three Counties. In the middle, are the 
 Counties of H ull.iponnhry, Pcncipct, Gcddtipmahey, 
 HcvoihattAy, Cotcwul, Ilarfepot and Tunpifn-ihoy ; as 
 alfo, Oudtinour and T/itranour, the chief of all the 
 Counties of the Inland Country of Ceylon : On the 
 Weft lye OudlpoUnt, Dolmhnug and Hotterflcourly, in 
 which four Counties are comprifed ; vi'uh P'-tnhm 
 and Tuncourly, that comprehends three Counties, 
 and part of which is fubjed to the Jurifdiiffion of 
 the Hollanders : All thefe Provinces and Counties, 
 (except thefe fix, f'Y Noure Cnhia, Hotcowly, I'.mi- 
 mantjtiod, VeUas, Paunno and Hottercauly) lye upon 
 firuitful and well watered Hills, and arc cxpref- 
 fed by the common Name of Conde Vdit, i. e. On 
 the topi of the Mountains ; which is alfo the Royal 
 Title. 
 
 The fame Author reckons up five Capital Towns^ 
 befides a great number that are ruined, and feveral 
 Villages within the Boundaries of the inner Ceylon, 
 i>i:(. Cande or Candy, the Metropolis of the whole 
 Ifland, built in the Heart of it, on the River Mdw 
 lagongn ; formerly the Royal Seat of the King of 
 Candea, after whofe depanure it fell much to de- 
 cay, isellemly-neur, aToWrt fituated more towards 
 the South, to which that Prliitetranflated the Royal 
 Court from CMde. ABo'ut-neur, feated a great nray 
 below Cande, and divided into two Parts, by the 
 
 Rivci 
 
1 he I/lands on the CoaH o.j' In or a. 
 
 Ilim \UvUgnut/i : UadiimUi, {Bated v. (in Elfthcft 
 (Ufianu: fi ooa 't',iH.iit to ibe Ead, aiid .it a much Icls 
 tiOBi />5*^"«i<', a Iowa not very tciuDte from the 
 laid River, wbich. was cbsfea for ilia Royal Sut 
 
 The MAI.DIVE ISLANDS, are a ridge of 
 (null IflanJslyuiR Nonh-Weft to Sonth-Eaft 140 
 Ifig^cs in length, fcom (he S Dcg. North Latit. 
 (0 the i Dcg. Soiiih Ladt. the Northern of them arc 
 about 85 f-cagiits Jiftant from theCoaft of /tfaithar 
 on the Weft. Thcjare recknneiftobe at leail ioo» 
 ID Number, but very fmaB ones. The principat of 
 ihcfli arc. 
 
 afii)rd plenty of Firti, and ui gcmral the ncccflitics 
 for ^.ife uc plenty enough, cuint thai thiir Crops 
 of Rice rot bein(i Inrpc enough, they are beholden to 
 their Neighbo'irs, who bung whole .Shiploads, ard 
 find good Marfoct here. (Ort>«/dV.) 
 
 But liie mortcoiilidcraBIc Coriioioditicsof thisl(la/id 
 arc Gold and Pepp«r ; of the tbrraer there is tbuijil 
 good ftore in the midland Muuiitains, and plenty of 
 
 Pepper in the Valleys, 
 
 OniheNfirth of 
 tlic Equator.. 
 
 Uiidcr the 
 Equator. 
 
 t C/tltoiim tdcttx. 
 
 Sl'urjqut. 
 'Cmivif. 
 
 , Si-Ju. 
 
 I /tiotim/ltii. 
 
 KilUndoux. 
 fiuclha. 
 CnmAycnl.. 
 MatMvJ, Sic, 
 
 On the South of yiMni. povc. 
 
 the Etiuator. iMo'uciiiufouiiilane. 
 
 Ttic general Charii2cr of them is, that they pro- 
 duce Coco's and fomc Fi uits, but tittle elfe ; that the 
 Inbabiiajiis are ingenious in making G.^nncnts of 
 Silk and Cotton, and arc Subjcift to a King, whole 
 place of Re^dencc called Male or Matdiva, is a 
 Dpod Town built upon fbui fmatt Idanifs. The 
 whole is divided into 13 or 14 Provinces called At- 
 itlciu, all Subie(9 to tbis one King. They lye very 
 Iqw, and are divided from each by fo Ihalfow a Sea, 
 and withal Co near one anotber, that they can wade 
 ihro' fiQin one to t'other. 
 
 The St'NOW Illands, fo denominated from the 
 Straight o(SiiruLi, which lycs between Sumntra and 
 itvu. Are thcfe that follow. 
 
 SlfMATRA, Iving North Weft to South Eaft, 
 on the Weft fulc of the Peninfula of MaUccn, from 
 the sth Dcg. of North Latit, to the 6th Deg. of 
 South Latit. and from the 1 14th Deg to the i24ih 
 Dcg. of I ongit, So that the .Equator palfes over 
 the middle of it ; 'tis therefore hot as the Ncigbr 
 bouring Countries are, but fo refcclhed with the 
 Sta Breezes, as to be Icfs fultry than the Main 
 Land. 
 
 The Soil is in the Midland Mountainous and 
 Ciaggy, bttt in the Valleys 'tis a good deep Mould, 
 and would pruducc Rice more pTcntifuHy than ic 
 (Iocs, if the Inhabitants were more intkiitricus. 
 Here are good Fruits of various forts, as Plantains, 
 fionana's. Oranges, Limes, Coco's, Pomgranatcs, 
 Mango's, MangeHani a delicious Fruit accordingto 
 Oumfeir, as is'alfo the Piunple-nofe, Citrons,. Me- 
 lons, Pinc-applH, S:c. Pot-hcrb», excellent Medi- 
 cinal Herbs, Camphiie aud other Drugs. Poulcrey, 
 Cattle, and wild Beads plenty enougk), aitd («oe 
 Elephanu. There arc many fmatl Rivers, which 
 
 ; People ate of the /Vc/i/jn Race, *nd ^'n/.c- 
 ineian's ia Rcligiuu, of a brown Copper .rolour 
 in Complexion, and in Temper l\ke tbe other 
 Indian!. 
 
 The whole Ifland is, 900 Miles hang, but ma 
 proportionally bcciad, bcirfi in the bruadelt part, 
 which is the .Southtin, but 180, and in the other 
 part not above too Miles. It is divided into fe- 
 veral Kingdoms, fomc reckoo fcvtn, others five. 
 
 ACUIS Kingdom, which i» the Northern part 
 fccin& to be the moft conliJer.iblc, aod extends 
 from, the North Weft point towards the Straights 
 of Malacca,, 50 or 60 Leagues in length. The Ca- 
 pital City which gives Nani« to the Kingdom, is 
 fcatedonthc Banks of a River near the North Weft 
 end of the Ifland, it confifts of 7 or 8000 Houfcs, 
 fays Oampcit, and may be reckoned the cJiief of the 
 whole Kland, the buiUings are mean, but better 
 bi.th built and fiunidicd than the neighbouring Nati- 
 ons. The Houfes arc raifed upon Pofls f'onJ the 
 Ground, two or three Steps, bccaufe in the rainy 
 Monfooiis, the Rivet overflows, and drowns a great 
 part of the City. This Kingdom is always governed 
 by a Woman, afliftedby ii Lords called Oionk/jti 
 (beifi alwaysan elderly Maid oC tlie Royal Family, 
 elcfledby thcO/on(ie>j, andbeaw the Title of Q^Jc<:n. 
 but the Power of Government reft*, more 'n the 
 Lords. The l^iwci qf this Qiuan extends beyond 
 the Limits of the liUnd, as teaching over a good 
 part of M/tUeca ; where Qwdtt, I'ntatitt and I^"' we 
 Subjeii to bet. Tbe Gola which is fo plenty here, 
 bringsMeichants (tQm,Eurtifi,C/jiniifyam,Tinqui>i and 
 Other parts, fo that the Haven is feldoni without a 
 gpod number ef Sbiping. The Enili/h ha^^e a Faft- 
 ory here, and this wa« the pU(;e thoy &rlt came to in 
 the firft liidUn Voyages. 
 
 The Kingdoms of M£NWNC-4fiO and C-^AfPfi^, 
 take up the middle of i)ic Uland, and JaMBE and 
 y/li.lMB,A>i the South part. But according to 
 Kieuhaff, ibefe Kinadoms are fubjedl to Strangers, 
 and i:he Royalty pulTad down. The Places of chitteft 
 Not* bete are, 
 
 Bencouli, an EngliJJi Fort f«atad on the Weil Coaft 
 of tbe Ifland, in the fourth Deg. South Lat. a fmall 
 liland lyes be£bre it, which witn the Land point of 
 Silletar makes the Haven, and beyond it within Land 
 is a high llender Hill. Tbe Fort faces the Sea, and 
 makes a good appearance, and.a Rivet from, the Land 
 ions 00 tbe North Weft fide of it, Tbe pkce is 
 unkcalthy, by teafon of tbe fvuampy Ground at 
 fome diuancc oa tbe Land lldf , which, brings an 
 unwholfomc Air, but the land near the Fort is good 
 Champion. The Pepper Trade is.the Bu/ioeOiOt the 
 Fadoty bef e, for at Adiin thiey, ba.ve none, its gro.wth 
 beiagchi£ilyin th«fc Southern parts; apd v\berca« 
 they formerly buugjit ii at B-uieam, when, the DuiJib 
 got the Maflaiy there, tbt Company were in danger 
 oir iDofing this Trade, and thucfgce bcftirred thctqr 
 felvcs, am made a Settlement here about the year 
 1685. 
 
 Jndra' 
 
 
 1^ ' Trr 
 
 
 ii . 
 
 
 
128 
 
 E/IST^INDIBS. 
 
 7 k' I 
 
 irijJh 
 
 Indmforti^ an li'ifjifl' FavSloiy, ftatiJs altii on the 
 Wift Coall, about jo I eagucs North I jIt fioin 
 
 l'tilimb/)n, w.iJ a conCulerablc City, and the Scat 
 of a Kiii|( bribrethc Dutch burnt and lotally dclUoy- 
 ed a ititlic Year 16^9. upon injuries ort'crcd by the 
 King of It ; It ftandii on the haft CoiO, in ihe 4 
 Uep. South Lat. 
 
 jamde, ihe Capital ot another Kingdom, ftandi 
 more to the North, on a River that tails into the 
 ^ea, on the Eal> Coaft, in 1 Deg. South Lat. 
 
 Biticnlii, on the fame C'oali more Northward, be- 
 ing in the firlt Ucg. of North I.at. is the chief 
 Town of thole pirrs, and i> frcnucmcd by the 
 Ood/ forPcppct : the Inhabitants arc AIjMv.i,,), and 
 a tivil People. 
 
 Tlie liluid of ] AV A, lyes (ix Deg. South of 
 the Hquaior, directly oppolitc to the South F.all 
 (omt of Siiinittif:, from which it is fcparated by 
 'he Straight of S/(«</.i, which is not above five or 
 tix Lca^iues over. To the North lies the Ifland 
 Ihnen, tothctaftit has the Kit of R.ilny, called the 
 JilTcr i.«'v), from which it is divuled by the Channel 
 of I'nlnmboitv, and to the South ihe main Ocean. 
 In length (from the Straights of 5iW.>, to the Chan- 
 nel of I'r.'iAmiw.n Halt to Well, inclining however 
 a little to the South) is .tbout 130 or 140 Leagues. 
 Itsb'eiitih is very different in ditferciu pairs, I'Uc 
 the whole Circiiirterence is reckoned joo Leagues. 
 1 he North Coall of j'.ivj has abinidance ol very 
 commodious Creeks, Bay.s, Harbours and good 
 Towns. The llland had formerly as many petty 
 Kings as there were Cities, but 'tis now divided into 
 two Kingdoms under the Jurifdidtion of the King or 
 Emperor of Mantni/im, and the King of fidn/itm, the 
 former pofleiring the Eaftern and greateR pan of the 
 Ifland, and k therefore ftiled the Emperor of Java, the 
 Ki'terthe Weftern and Iclferpart. 
 
 The Clim.itc is of the fame temperature and 
 healthincfs as the other partsof ini/ia. One half of 
 the Year, that is, from AJ<i> to Odoher is clear Wea- 
 ther, and lefrclhed with lireczes from the Halt. 
 Ill Drc-mber the Flains begin, and the Winds blow, 
 and render the Weather un|)lealant till March, when 
 they begin to fow Rice, which they reap in September, 
 and in Odober the Fruits arc ri| e. 
 
 The Ifland has many Mountains and impalfable 
 Forrelts on it, bi.t in other parts the Soil is good 
 and verv Fertile, producing Rice in great plenty. 
 Fruits, Cattle, Fowl and Fi'.b. and Tygers, Rhino- 
 cerot's and other wild Beali: it! <he Foretts. Pepper 
 grows here too, bui not fo p.'eiiLif ! or fo good as at 
 Sum.urr., and the Uiinh have g.i.'d Plantations of 
 Sugar. Snnjonxn Tranlcr'lunp other Geographets, 
 reckons up Gold, Si!v»'i', /;iamondj, Emeraulds, 
 Rubies and fitelr larities ar.,.)ng the Commodities of 
 this llland, but as Sieuhojf, who lived there, and 
 is very particular in hii account of the Pro- 
 dudls, fpeaks not of them, we Ihall chcwfe to be 
 (ilcnr. 
 
 ■ 'I"hc People are a barbarous, proud and fierce 
 Nation, of a brown Colour, with flat Nofcs, 
 broad Faces, fmall L\es, Drung Limbed, and of 
 good proportion. Their Cloathing is a piece of 
 C^alicri wrapt about their Body, and their Religion 
 Is M.i/'o»ic/Dti on the Coads, but Pagitn in the 
 Afidland. ( Thus tar 1 have taken from Nieu- 
 
 The Towns ot chlefefl Note arr, on the Weft 
 end, BiDiiiin, Balavia, /{^amutfnm, Monucicn, On- 
 rnw.iyi', Clumhn, all on the North Coalt. On 
 the mote tall part 01 Kingdom of Mji.nnn, }itp- 
 p4io, i'ji/a^ii, lii/'/jn and 'J(iri/in, alfo on the North 
 CoaiV, fjUmbottm at the Eall end, and Mitur.in on 
 (heSuiith CoaiV. 
 
 Umtnm, the Metropolis of tne Kingdom of the 
 fame Name is feated at the Weft end of the llland, 
 on the Straight of Sundn. at the Foot of a Moun- 
 tain cut of which three Rivers arifc, two whereof 
 furround the City, and the third palfcs through it ; 
 the Houfcs aie mifcrably built, and the W.ills very 
 wretched, as well as the Gates, but provided with 
 many Cannon. 'I'lie Houl'es Hand upon Piles, and 
 arebnilrof Reeds and Canes and the City coiilifts 
 ot three principal Strccis, which have Channels run- 
 ning through iliim, Imt the Water is toul and 
 rtiiiking. The Foreigners live in Suburbs, but tnctt 
 daily at theBazaror txchangc, bclides whiJi ate 
 two other Market places, where goods of diveis Ions 
 arc fold. And in ert'cilt this City is populous 
 miich lefiirted to by Chmrfe, Boit-ili.ini and other 
 /m/ijH Strangers as well as iiurvfenm for Traffick. 
 (\Un.lrtlh .) 
 
 li A lAl't A, formerly named Jr-.cntr.t and fiill 
 fo called by the Natives, is feated on a Bay of 
 ihc Sea in the North Coaft i& Leagues South Fall 
 from Bn'irnw. The Dutch tock }/>c.ui4 in [lie 
 Year 1619. and having demoliflied it, built a new 
 City which they named Bitavia, and made it the 
 .Scat of their Government in InJia. It is not only 
 furrounded with Walls and a Moat, but allbguardtd 
 with divers Forts at a diftance all round the 
 Town, and a ftrong Cittadel on the Haven, wherein 
 their Governour general of the lioji-lndiei lives in 
 great State. Two fmall Rivers that rife in the 
 Country, water the City, and fill divers Channels 
 that run throueh the eight Streets the City confllls 
 of, which are ail buih in a ftrait Line 30 Foot broad, 
 and paved with Brick. The Houles are neat, and 
 the publick Buildings very Magnificent : 'twould be 
 tedious to enumerate them. Siciihop- has given very 
 particular accounts of each, to which we nuift re- 
 fer our Reader, and content our felves with fay- 
 ing 'tis a riih and flourilhing Mart-Town, rc- 
 forted to by tlie Chin-Je and other F.alicrn Na- 
 tions. 
 
 Chnrnbcti, is a fttong City featid on a River. 
 
 Tiihati, on the fame Coaft, more to the Souih, is by 
 Travellers reprelcntcd as a ftrong, large and populous 
 place; next Bnntam the chief Town on the llland, and 
 even better built than thai ; notable fur a fpacious 
 Palace, wherein are large Apartments for wild 
 Beafts, and well frequented for Traffick in Pepper 
 and other Goods. 
 
 Matartm, the Seat ol' ihc Emperoi of Jav-i, is 
 feated near the middle of the South-Coaft, but the 
 Trade lying more the other way, our People have 
 feldom been there, andfo we have no particular ac- 
 count of it. 
 
 The Ifland of BORNEO lies in the middle, be- 
 tween that of Celebes on the Eaft j Jnva on the 
 South i Siimntra and Mtlaca on the Weft ; and I'a- 
 ritioia one of the Phillipinei onthe North ; reaching 
 from 7 and half Deg. of Northern Lat. to the fourth 
 of Southern. Its Figure is almoft round, and its 
 Cooipafs very wide; although the Opinions of Au- 
 thors 
 
 thotJ are dirtlrent as to the Uti 
 
 Compafs that is attributed 
 
 leagues, and it is generally 1 
 
 all the Illandi of ///..i : It yu 
 
 Diamonds, Bczoar Stones, the 
 
 that IS found iliroUKhoui the 
 
 //,',//>. Rice, and Pi'ppcr wit! 
 
 Cotton, Honey and Wax; and 
 
 and tine Kiviri, more tfpcci 
 
 and South, the chief of which 
 
 ing with Diamondi,: So that it 
 
 anioiig the rnoft fruitful lllands 
 
 but the Air is not very heahhfi 
 
 niarfhy Grounds. The Sca-C 
 
 the Holl.wdert, and the Metro; 
 
 Naineof Bfl'Vfi', feated in the I 
 
 of a little Ray, towards the N 
 
 llland ; being a lartje, neat and 
 
 and a KoyalScar, w.'h an excel 
 
 ffthi'r cunli.lerab'c lown-f wliichi 
 
 and So I'.liern Co.ilts (for the Eai 
 
 ciiilly the inhii 1 Trafls of thi; I 
 
 knownio /■,'Hi''y<'. :'..') are Milnii' 
 
 b.ii, H'm t.i, L.vi.i.1, near whici 
 
 the highcft value ; 'i:i.cidi>r\ I. 
 
 not far frmii the Mouth of the R 
 
 F. Anthony l'fi:tiini^li,t, a Poitt 
 
 tlicYL'ar 1689. givesthis accour 
 IS 16^0 /r.i/;Vi?j Miles in Circui 
 inhabited by M/il-yi'i', who at 
 the inland C- jntry by P.i^.mi ra 
 rJicl'c former arc governed byfevi 
 lidc at Uornei'^ b^iiuleiw^ffiti, iVi, 
 latter have only Captains andchi 
 That the Country is Fercil, aboui 
 excellent fort, Callia, Wax, Cai 
 the World, Pepper, Gum, exccll 
 in the Rivers, alfo Gold-dult ait 
 the riclieft Bczoav Stones, found 
 wild Ape. Here are Herbs, Ro 
 Edible Birds Neft, mentioned 
 Cochinchiim. He rcprclcnis the 
 faithlefs Covetous Thieving Ge 
 "■■'ntrary, the fi.-.vuj'' I'.^nvis, 
 People; but whether Aft'cdtion 
 not fotne intluence, I cannot lay 
 on converting the Bfiiinfes, and 
 it by the Mcois. There arc 
 Ifland, but that of Brndcmiiffin 
 for the Spice there fold. 
 
 CELEBES, lyes on the Eaft ( 
 Ifland and the JV/o/uccrt Iflands 
 above the LinCjand the South pa 
 Long. from 138 to 141 Dtg.Thi 
 to IJi-.tnpi-lr is from i Deg. 30 N 
 Min.S. At the North Eaft end 
 row Cape which ftrctchcsout ic 
 and in tneSouth part there is 
 8 Leagues wide, which runs 
 into the Country. There is a h 
 end, but the Land is genera' 
 fide, the Mould is black and dt 
 ry fat and rich, and fu full of 
 continued Grove. ( Dnmpeir.) . 
 blows from Nvenibct to M,:rclj, 
 nnfafe, the Rains at the fame t 
 Lands, for which realbn their I 
 Piles 9 or I o Foot above the 
 
'I be IjLviils on theCoa/i oj India. 
 
 thois are ilirt'crent as to the Utter : However the leart 
 Compafs ihat is attributed to it confifts of 150 
 I fagvit's and it is gcncr.illy icputcd the largeft of 
 all the lllands of ///;.i : It rroduies ttioft adnurabic 
 DianioiiJs, Bezoar StmiL's, the bi'lK^atriphirc of all 
 that IS found throughout ihc wli Ic V omincnt of 
 /I'./irf. Kite, and ri'ppcr will. her t. n* of Spice, 
 Cotton, Honey and Wax; and ^^ . <ci with Woods ; 
 and line Rivers, more efpccially rowaidt ihcWeft 
 and South, the chief of which is SuccaJnuc, abound- 
 ing with Diamonds: So that it may well be rcckon'd 
 among the moft fruitful lllands of the liiMrin Ocean ; 
 but the Air is not verw healthful, by reafon of the 
 nuitliy Grounds. The Sca-Coa(h are poflcU'ed by 
 the Holiitidcfs, and the Metropohs bears the fame 
 Name of Bm uto, fcated in the Fens and on t lie Ihorc 
 of a little Ray, towards the Northern Part of the 
 Illaiui ; being a large, neat and famous Mart-Town 
 and :i Koyal Scar, w.tli an excellent Haroour: The 
 (ithiT conli-leraire TowiH whichfland on the Wcftorn 
 and So I'.lieiii Co.iits (tor the Eaftern, and more efpc- 
 ciiilly tlie inhnl Traifls of thi". Illand arc almoft un- 
 knovvnto /•-'«' '7'". :'.') aa- Mil in/', Puch.iv,trao>i, Sam- 
 li.ii, H'vi t.i, l..vi.i.:, near which arc Diamonds of 
 the hiphelt vaUie; V:,, c/.Vtf;', l.iveund h^niiannajjin^ 
 not far truni the Month of the River .V;/<; -iJ-iir. 
 
 F. Anti'unyl'fvtiiwilid, a Voitiiguf{<' Miiiionary in 
 tiic Year 16S9. givesthis account of Umiio that it 
 \i iC^o U.iliit7t Miles ill Circumference, the Coaft 
 inhabited by M/il.-yw, who are Mahome:,i>ii, and 
 the inland C-jntryby Pug.wi rslled Beajufes. That 
 rJicfc former arc governed by fcvcrai Kings, who re- 
 (iiie at Borneo, btiitkimr.JJln, Siiccudmi, &c. but the 
 latter have only Captains and chief Men over them. 
 That the Country is Fertil, abounding in Rice of an 
 excellent fort, Callia, Wax, Camphire the Left in 
 the World, Pepper, Gum, excellent Diamonds found 
 in the Rivers, alfoGold-dult among the Sands, and 
 the richeft Bezoav Stones, found in the Stomach of a 
 wild Ape. Here are Herbs, Roots, Fruits, and the 
 Edible Birds Neft, mentioned in our account of 
 Cochiiichiiii:. He reprclems the Mttlay::n Moon, as a 
 faithlefs (Covetous ihieving Generation, and on the 
 fiintrary, the ft;ijii ■}(• IV^ ihj, as a Moral virtuous 
 People; but whether Aftciilion ai\d Prejudice had 
 not foiiie influence, I caimot fay, for he was intent 
 on convertinj! the Bi. !;///"<■', and was interrupted in 
 it by the Moon. There arc fevcral I'orts on the 
 Ifland, but that of Bmdct muffin \% moft frcijucntcd, 
 for the Spice there fold. 
 
 CELEBES, lyes on the Eaft of Bm nw, between that 
 Ifland and the Molucca I (lands, the North part i Deg. 
 above the Linc,and the South part 6 Deg.below it, in 
 Long. from 138 to 141 Deg.Thecxaft I.at.according 
 to Or.mp.-ir is from i Deg- 30 Min. N. to 5 LVg. 30 
 Min. .S. At the North Ealt end there is a long nar- 
 row Cape which Urctchcsout io Leagues NoithEaft, 
 aiidin the South part there is a Bay or Gulph 7 or 
 8 Leagues wide, which runs up 40 or 50 Leagues 
 into the Country. There is a hiijh Hill on the North 
 end, but the Land is generally low on the Eaft 
 fide, the Mould is black and deep, and extraordina- 
 ry fat and rich, and fo full of Trees as to fecm one 
 continued Grove. ( Onmpeir.) The North Weft Wind 
 blows from H-vembct to Miircli, and makes the Shore 
 unfafe, the Rains at the fairc time overflow the low 
 Lands, for which realon their Houfcs are huilt upon 
 Piles 9 or I o Foot above the Ground. The Ifland 
 
 J29 
 
 yields iruch Spite, gieat plenty ot Rice, with tho 
 (■niits and Plants ufual III ihcle parts. The Inhabi- 
 tants refemble i he. ^//im*/' in Furiii and Complexion, 
 and are InJultrioiis in cultivating then- Land. (Van. 
 dtli),.) The whole w divided into flit Kingdoms, 
 but ficrn^ciw/ have Cogni/aiiee ii but two, n'^. C<- 
 /fZ-f/whofe Capital ftamlson the Wert Coaft under the 
 Line. And Mjitiffci whith is the South part. The 
 Capital of the fatr.e Name ftandson the Weft Coaft, 
 in the ? Deg. of Sow ii Lat. and i.s a Town of great 
 Strength and Tlk^. but ispolfeiredby the Dmci'di 
 lUmpcii fays Sizvaifiir fpcaks alfo of the Ourth 
 Conquerini', II before the Year 1670. whereas it was 
 under its i,wn King wlun he was there in 1659. 
 
 A frw many imall Illandr. lye upon the Coafts of 
 thcfe large ones wc have bei n tri-ating o\', too many 
 to be t^ch defcnbcd, and the mecr lumimjrhcm will 
 be of little life to the Reader. T'liofe that are men- 
 tioned by out Voyagers, and arc of the larger extent 
 arc as follows. 
 
 B.lir, or the leffer 7,17.^, fituatc at the Weft end 
 of J.tvj, in the fame Latir. a populous and fruitful 
 Ifland, where the Ships for the Molucca $ touch for 
 frefti Water and Provilions. It is a fmall Illand not 
 above 1 x Leagues over. 
 
 tOMBOC and CVMBAVA lye on the lame 
 Line Eaft ward, but I lind no account of them 
 Extant. 
 
 FLORIiS lyes nnore to the Eaft, lying Eaft to 
 Weft, 60 Leagues in length. The chief Town u 
 named Lufatia, and lyes on the Noith-Weft fide. 
 
 TIMOR^, lyes on the Scuth-Eaft of Viortt at the 
 diftanceof about jc Leagues. The Land is high 
 and Mountainous, 70 Leagues long, and 15 or i6 
 wide, the middle of the Ifland is in the 9th Deg. 
 South Latit. It produces white Saunders, Wood 
 and Wax. 
 
 Of the SPlCE-ISr.ANDS. 
 
 It may be matter of Admiration, that thcfe two 
 delicious Fruits, Nutmegs and Ckvn, Ifiould be found 
 only in fo fmall a part of the habitable Earth. For 
 no where elfc but in this Eaftern part in a few fmall 
 Iflandsdo tbefe fragrant Spices grow.'Tis ir\ie,Dampeir 
 fays Mindtinnyo Ifland may be made to produce them, 
 bur however, none appears any where but in thefe 
 Ifland.s, which lye juft under or near the Aquator. 
 The BaihU Iflands alone produce Nutmegs. Termite 
 and Thiol c, with Amhoyna, CeiitmirtA a few other 
 fmall Iflands furnifli the whole World with Clovcj, 
 as Ceylon on the Coaft of hidin already Treated of 
 doe.! with Cinnamon. But the Wifdom of Provi- 
 dence is as vifible in this as in the other parts 
 of its Difpeniations, for if but a fmall part ot 
 the Earth produce libefe Spices, there grows how- 
 ever more than enough to fufficc the whole World ; 
 for the Earth is fo Prolifick of them, thkt great 
 quantities of Cloves drop ungatliered, and are per- 
 mitted to perifli on the Earth. Of Nutmegs vaft 
 quantities are often deftro> cd on the Spot, to pre- 
 vent filling the Markets too full. An inftance where- 
 of Sir iVtltixm 'Temple gives u* in hi; Obfervations 
 on the Nithcrkndi, where he fays an Eajllndii Sea- 
 S man 
 
 ^ i);.! 
 
 
 i>v^\ 
 
fc^ II 
 
 130 
 
 men told him, he faw ac one time ibicc heaps of 
 Nutmegs burnt, each of v^hich was miic than a 
 fmall Church would hold. And indeed, if wc con- 
 liderthc Hot Nature of thcfe Spices, and how little 
 of them Suffices for all ticcclfary iifcs, and how Inju- 
 rious the too great ul'e of thcni might be to our 
 Health, wc may have Rcafon to blefs Providence, 
 that they come lo fcantily to us. And content our 
 filvesthat Pcpptr, whi.hii of more general ufe is 
 not fo reltraincd. 
 
 The fe Spices were brought either through Pcji.t 
 and I'm. /;.->, orb) the i^f./ ii-i and thrri:(;h 'E-typr, 
 10 the Mfd.tetr/iticiDiSca, and thence fold tu l-.:ircpcjtL<, 
 before the /'i.n<fi/e;;c in the year 1511. dilcovered 
 thefc Klands. The Emperor Cciir/cj V claimed the 
 property of thcni, fuppofingihcintolye wiiliin his part 
 of the Uiviliop which Pope Alcxr.nJer VI. had made 
 between the Cr.jtiHai.i andlV;f;.j5/,f-f,but ihcPortuguc:^c 
 would not fo part with them, contending ftill and 
 intcvnipting the CnjiUir.ii 1 rade, till in the Year 1 5 29. 
 in conlidcr.ition of 35COC0 Ducats, Lhefelflands 
 were Moitgagcd to the I'o in^uet^e and never redeem- 
 ed. Tlicfc therefore pi.irelTed them, till the Dutciy 
 in frequent Wars totally expelled them, and all o- 
 thcr lui opeant, and have now the Monopoly of this 
 Trade. 
 
 The Kiiimf^-Ttec is like our l't/:ch-Tice, the 
 I.cives fotnewhai Itfs and more round. The Fruit 
 IS cncl'ifcd within a Husk, as thick as that of our 
 VValmiis, within which lyes a leaf which enclofes 
 the Shell ; I his Leaf is the Ma^e, and within the 
 Shell lies the Nutmeg, which comes otu green, and is 
 b'ulcd.ii I iirc (as we arc told) to prevent the Worm 
 getting into it; and lyes ronitiitic to Dry before it 
 is fit for ufe. Of this Tree the Earth is almoft quite 
 covered in the Unnti-i Illands, the Fruit whereof is 
 gathered three times a Year, vi:{. in /Ipiil, Auiuft 
 and Dcceir,bc>, but the y^/ri/Crop is the belt. 
 
 The C7(>i'f-rrec refembles the Liwrcl, but hai 
 fomcwhat a narrower Leaf. The Fruit grows in 
 Clulfcrs, the Rloflbni white and green turns red, 
 the Fruit is of a hri.wn Colour when ripe, but being 
 dryed intheSiiii turns black; it is gathered once a 
 Year, from ,SV/'.'.';/;/'cr to i'lbiur.r;, according to Sim- 
 hoff\ although others fay, they crop the Buds one 
 Year to make tile Crop the better next, and fo ga- 
 ther but every fecond Year. The Clove is called 
 ('. .»«.;Mf by the Natives and obtained the Name wc 
 know irby, from the Sp.-.ni/l: word Cl.iios a nail, 
 from its Simiiitiide to one : and is of fo drying and 
 attraOlivca quality, th.it if a Tub of Water be fct 
 luar a bagot Cloves, a great deal of it (hall be fucked 
 ir, and the Woightid the Cloves thereby much en- 
 crealtil, wherefore the Kiu\ilh dealers play that trick 
 to t heat the Buyers. 
 
 BANDA, the principal and largefl of thcNutmog- 
 lilaiHis, lyes in ihc 4 Deg. ^0 Min. South I at. It is 
 a Ihiall Idand notabove lo Miles long, and half fo 
 much broad, but is exceeding Fertii.yicldingOrangcs 
 and other Fruits, befides whole Forcfts of Nutmeg- 
 Irces. Ow En^lijl Meich.tnts in their firft Navi- 
 g.uioiis feiitSh'pshithci ; Cipiain K,edi"g's Voyage, 
 in i6r,7. extant m /7.r. V"', Itiews them well ac- 
 quainted with this Trade at ihat time ; but the Hutch 
 even (oiirly as that, were bulic in ingrolfing it, and 
 in etffd ('jon after, they biiilta Fort here, and would 
 permit no body elle to buy the Nutmegs The Ihape 
 cf ihe lllaiid iilikc- a Horlc-lhooc : in thcmidille 
 
 Illands on the CoaU 0/ India. 
 
 ' whereof is a fair Cay, whereon (lands the chiif 
 Town furroundcd with Groves of Nutmeg-Tncs, 
 beyond that there nfe.s a little Mountain, whence 
 flow fome Brooks that water the Country, and 
 beyond the Mountain another I'laiii covered with the 
 fame Frees. The I'eople atcltrong, butilllavcured, 
 and live to a great Ai?,e. M.ilmnct^nis in Religion, 
 and Melancholy in Temper. The Women hive the 
 care of the Tilligc, and the Men addidl thcmfelvcbtu 
 Trade. Thc> .nc very Zealous and Striift in their 
 way ; and in Givernment a Commonweahh unjtt 
 their Ltrds or Orankeys. {ijiireH' 
 
 There are five or fix other very fmall Illands, which 
 produce Nutmegs, 3ndl)c all round about Br.vit.i. at 
 a few Leagues dilfance, thcfe arc named ^t'LO{f.,r, 
 l'VLOl{lK, .Ni.i^W, Gt H.iX.iPI, OTLIGU:\; all 
 which rlie Dmcl havein Sul jedlion. 
 
 'The MOLUCCA ISLANDS, are fo called fmm 
 the Mr.'r.y/:)! word M Ire which fignifies the Hcaii ui 
 a great thing, 'lliclc Iflands being always iiieuned 
 the chief of all the Archipelago. They arc properly 
 but live in number, vi^:.T-'ti,i/f,I'i.wf,M<' ■i;M\i<:,:,:i 
 jnd B.:rr!.iri. And are as nowble for the CIjvc Tra.lc 
 as the Zi.rH.ic.-Iflauds aie for the Nutines; Th.cv l.e 
 near to one another, undci or nc.ir the Equir.uvltial 
 Line. 
 
 TERNATE, the chiefeft and biggcfl of thorn 
 lyes in the ift Deg. of North Latit. it is notabove 
 8 Leagues in extent rnd atlbrds but little Pro.ilions 
 except Goats and fome Poultry, they have cx.iilent 
 Almonds and fome Fruits, but the Scorching heat 
 of the Sun, fo dries the Earth that no Rice or 
 other Grain grows in this, or the reft of thcfe Illands, 
 but their Bread is made of a Pith of a Tree uhi.h 
 they beat into Meal and Bake in Cakes called S.i^n, 
 an excellent nourifliing Food, as wc experience, in 
 the Medicinal ul'e of it here in Eiiglana. But the 
 chief Produdt of the Illand is the Clovc-Trce which 
 grows Spontaneous, and bears I'luit the 8th Year, 
 which making too great an cncreafe, the Dwr/) have 
 cut down whole Woods of them. 
 
 The chief Town is C-imm.i-l.-.nim.i, which confins 
 of one Street 1500 Paces long, built by the Sea fiiie, 
 the Houfes built of Cane or Timber {ManJcii. .) Th re 
 is ! fays G/ »;;■//,) in this Ifland, a Inirning Mountain 
 which at three Mouths cafts out fire and Sulphur, and 
 in the Year 164S. it's irruption was fo violent, as to 
 do agtcat dealof Mifchief. The Country is Moun- 
 tainous, and has no Rivers or Springs, but the fre- 
 quent Rains fupply the want, and water the Earth 
 very plentifully. The People fcem to W of the 
 Mr..'a)t:ii Race, wear a flight Cloathing, and arc to- 
 lerably civil ; they arc heahhy, and live to an hun- 
 dred Years of Age. This Idand was SubjevQ: to its 
 own King in former Days, who had a!fo Dominion 
 over^WonV, and divers other Iflards. Sir Francii Dr^k" 
 was very kindly recei'vcd by h:m. ,ind afterwards Sir 
 Hcw) iyiiddlcton br. Mpht a kind Letter trati that King, 
 and another from he King of T)di>c, to King 
 "James I. in the Year 1 606. But the lhlU«- 
 Hen have fuch an Abfolute Power over all thtfe 
 Iflands, that I fuppofc tliofe Royalties arc de- 
 ftroycd. 
 
 TIDOR. 
 
 TIDOR, ii 
 little diflam 
 equal to and 
 when our Shi 
 Clove is bettti 
 elfevthetc, an 
 I'aradife whic 
 corious, are 
 Illands. 
 
 f 
 
 
 MOTIR. ly 
 
 near the Line. 
 
 BACHIAN 
 
 Southward of i 
 producing Cl< 
 well guarded !■ 
 Although ih( 
 illands ; yet 
 Ids than io 
 needlefs to 
 iwthing more 
 uill more liv 
 only fpeak of 
 notable of then 
 
 AMBOYN^ 
 15 leagues Wt 
 Leagues lon^, 
 producing Clo 
 gar-Cancs, Cc 
 Fruits. The I 
 People, who d 
 firft Voyages, 1 
 treated us wit 
 The chief To 
 B«y, where is 
 for Ships. Th 
 trey, fo as 
 two. The ,n 
 cile than thcfe 
 tifo hardy, am 
 Neighbours, 
 in this Ifland, 
 by Kicubojfvx 
 Fort of Piiiory 
 Staple of the ( 
 up in th? Bay, 
 a good Ditch. 
 Caftle was ad 
 
le chief 
 Tri-cs, 
 wlicnce 
 ■y. anJ 
 
 ■vith ibi.- 
 
 tlii;i()ii, 
 
 II' .'■.(.■ St. J 
 
 II tlK'.r 
 I uiiJir 
 
 
 I he Ijlands on theCoafi 0/ India. 
 
 TlDOR, is near as lanje as Tirtiiite, and but a 
 little liiflam from it, the Piincc of this Idand was 
 equal to and often at Wars with him of Tcrnate, 
 when our Ships (irft Navigated tliefc parts. The 
 Clove is betttf cultivated here by the Inhabitants than 
 elfev^hcrc, and fo is taircr .ind laigcr. The Bird of 
 Faradifc which wt fee in the Mufx in'/ of the 
 curious, are Natives of this and the Ntigbouring 
 Ilknds. 
 
 MOTIR, lycs a little inorc to the South, and very 
 near the Line. 
 
 BACHIAN and MACHIAN, lye a little ^o the 
 Southward of tlic Line. Thefe are all ftnail Ifiands, 
 producing Cloves, and all poireffedby the Om/cA, and 
 well guarded by FortB. 
 
 Although tbefc only be the J^M.'or Proper Molucct 
 Jllands ; yet Geographers reckon divers others, no 
 kis than -ro i..'ar .Adjacent into that Clafs. Ti» 
 ntedlcfs to name fo large a Number, whereof 
 iioihitig more can be (aid, and which the Map 
 will rtinre lively infortti you. We fhall thfrcfore 
 only fpcak of two or three of the Urgeft or mod 
 notable of them. 
 
 AMBOYNA, lyes in ^ Deg. 40 Min. South Latit. 
 25 leagues Weft and by North from Bandj, is jo 
 Leagues long, and 14 Leagues in Circumference, 
 producing Cloves, Oranges, Limons, Citrons, Su- 
 ear-Cancs, Coco, l-'otato's, Millet, Tobacco and 
 Fruits. The Inhabitants are a poor ignorant fort of 
 People, who dealt fairly with our Traders in the 
 firft Voyages, but when the Dutch got footing, they 
 treated us with the fame infolence as ellewherc. 
 The chief Town has to the Weft of it a very fair 
 Say, where is fafc Anchorage, anti good Shelter 
 for Ships. This Bay enters deep into the Coun- 
 trey, fo as almoft to divide the Ifltnd into 
 two. The Inhabitants (fays Girwt//i) are more Do- 
 cile than thofe of the Molucca's and hnndu, they are 
 alfo hardy, and valued as better Soldiers than their 
 Neighbours. There are feveraJ very good Villages 
 intnisIHand, whereof particular accounts are given 
 by Kieuboff too long to Tranfcribc. The Caftle or 
 Fort of liitory, built by the Dutch, and made the 
 Staple of the Company, (fand< about two Leagues 
 up in the Bay, and is defended by four Bulwarks, 
 a good Ditch, and a confideiable Garrifon. In that 
 Caflle WIS aC^ed that barboroLis Tragedy c^ Tor- 
 
 menting the E-)^////; that were fettkd in Trade lieri- 
 in the Year 1^22. upon a falfe Accufation of their, 
 intending to dcftroy the l)utci\ The particulars 
 whereof fee in H'iijons Hiltory of King James's 
 Reign. ThisCafHe fiiffLicd damage not many Years 
 ago, by an inunilauon of the Sea. 
 
 /tmh.r'i", Wis Sublet t ) the King of Tcrnati, be- 
 fore the Po>iiigue:;e made tbeinfelvcs Matters of it in 
 ■46. thefe were driven out by the Dunh in i6oj. 
 wlio foon after expelled the /■>.;;///?.• asabovcfaid, and 
 have ever liiicc polfeired it. 
 
 GERAM, an Illand of much larger extent, lyes 
 neat adjoining to Amkina on the North. It abounds 
 with Spice, and for Peace fake is in Alliance witfi 
 the DutJ). The chief Town of it is named Cum- 
 
 hetto. 
 
 (JILOLO, exceedingly larger than any of thefc, 
 but lefs confidcrable, as producing no Spice, the 
 Equino<ft a." paffes over it, its North part lyes in 
 1 Deg. North Lat. and the South Coaft in 1 Dee 
 South Lat. The Illand is full of large and commo- 
 dious Bays, and the Land produces Fruit, Rice, ^c 
 as ufual in this Climate, but hardly Gold, as the 
 firft Difcoverers told us j clfc the Trade ihither 
 would be more confidcrable. The- chief Town of 
 the fame name ivcs in the Northern part, over againft 
 Ternate Ifland 
 
 The TERRA rfo'; PAPOUS or NOVA GUI- 
 NEA, a Main Land, which extends farther Eaft- 
 ward thin has yet been difcovcred, is found to 
 Commence in a few Degrees Eaffwarii of Gilolc. 
 The Coafts of it, are ftiewn in the Maps, but the 
 Country is but very little known. 
 
 NOVA HOLLANDIA, another P in Land, 
 if not a continuation of the faire, lyt. jre to the 
 South, from theioth Deg. South Lat. This we are 
 as little acquainted with, as only knowing that the 
 Coaft continues for very many Deg. in Longit. 
 
 Many Illands lye on the South Coaft of Nma 
 Guinea, as yiru, of pretty la.gc extent, about 110 
 Miles long from Nonh to South. 
 
 Kje, of much fmailcr extent lying more to the 
 Weft, and fcvcral others, whereof wfe find notHlnB 
 material. 
 
 S 2 
 
 Of 
 
 'M 'tlf- 
 
 • ')V: 
 
 1 
 
 "■ 
 
 "^'■h1 
 
 ■'* ; t 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 ' '\' ^ 
 
 If 
 
 !-;•! 
 
 !i.;t-|f 
 
 1 
 
 - ii , ''Sif ^iflil 
 
 W-M 
 
 
 1 
 
132 
 
 Iflands on the CoaH of India. 
 
 OF THE 
 
 PHILLIPINE ISLANDS. 
 
 m' . '. 
 
 ON the North of the Mciuccn Iflands, the 
 North Eall of Borneo, loo Leagues 
 Eaft from the Coall ai' CoMnchitu, and 
 aboiH no South from the Coaft of 
 t:.'i(« I lyes an Archil- "lago, or a numerous OuHcr of 
 lllaiids lutwcen the 5th ..xl loth Dcg. of North Latit. 
 and between the 134 and 1.+7 Deg. of Long, named 
 by t'erdinund Mngeilanei, who difcovered it, the Ar- 
 chipelago of W..t;;.irM/, bck-aufc he arrived thereupon 
 fitititriijyhiioh i'.rjhi (which is called in Sfnin St. 
 /.rt^«iu;-Day ) in the Year ijii. The name of 
 I'hiltippitics was given to thefe Illands in honour of 
 I'hillip n. King of '^pti>', by whom ihcy were con- 
 ijuered, lincc which they have been .ilways fuhjecl to 
 th-.t Crown. The Number of thele Illands is too 
 large to be told, fome pretend there are no lefs than 
 I cc-r, others by palling by the very fmallones, would 
 reckon 4c of the larger kind ; but even that account 
 exceeds the truth, if only fuch as are confiderable be 
 reckoned. 
 
 y.ii^oM, LiiCuiiU ox Maniihn, is the moft Northern 
 the largelk and mod conliderable. 
 
 iVituUnao, is the Southern, and next in bulk and 
 value. 
 
 p.v\tgo,T, is the moit Weftern, and reckoned next to 
 the two former in extent. 
 
 I'h:::il'iu,: or Tr:rijrt\f;, is the moif Haftem. 
 Within and about .ill thele l)c many others, 
 whcrcot wc Ihall Ipeak as particularly as is ne- 
 cellary. 
 
 The Air ill the P/' '////'»(• Idands is hot and moid, 
 ho^ve^ er the heat is nor more violent than in the Uog- 
 l)a>bin/M/», but caufes more fwcat .tnd weakiicls. 
 The Uanipnefs is i^reat, bccaufc the Land abounds 
 vvitli Kivers and LaKe.v, .ind withall there falls great 
 Kains ilie molt parrnf the Year, lo thai tho' the Sun 
 bein their ^.-H/f'' tw ,.c a Year (in \/,o and 'lngnj't) 
 vet the Heat is mt lo great as t(i render the place un- 
 inhabitable. During the Monih- of 7;;nf. jiiA, .;.•- 
 ::,t'il, and part of Si-ftm.'.cr , the Weft and .South 
 U'lnds Wow, and brmg Inch Rains that the Fielils 
 arc Ho' lied. I'rom (J.iohr till Deci-mlr the North 
 Wind prevaiN, .iml from that time till A/.ii, the Eaft 
 and I'alt South-Ealf atlords em plealant Breezes. 
 
 I'l.r So'.l Produces Kicc, Fruits of various kinds, 
 Herbs "-•?<:■, Cattle, F.iwl, Filh, Wild Bcafis, Civet. 
 Cats, Honey, Wax, (lum^, Medicinal Herbs, Be- 
 zoar, w.. IS'.it that which tenders em conliderablc 
 .lie the Rich Coinoditiis for 'Iraflick, ti^. Rich 
 I'carlv, excollciit Aiulur-nrecce, Cotton, Civet, Be- 
 /oar, .ind Ciold, ot Which alone the value cf ■'oocco 
 Pieces ol I'.ipht yci .li:Jiim is gither'd, withou' tlic 
 help of Hue or Quick-Silver. Thus much in general, 
 to proceed to P'rliciilar-.. 
 
 The Illar.d 1 U/ON orLl'CONlA, lyes between 
 1 j l\e. ^c M. and 19 Deg. I atir. in thape like a 
 lici.ded .\u\. In Length 161 V/mm//- Leagues, in 
 
 Breadth in fome parts from 30 to 40 Lcagucs.in others 
 not above 20. At the Elbow in the S. VV. Coaft 
 there is a large River, which iffues from the great 
 Lake Bni'i within I.and , and falling into the ,Sea 
 makes a fair Commodious Haven, On this River the 
 Chief City Mimlhn itands ; and at tl.' Mouth of it 
 C/tiite, which is the Port for the New Spain Ships, 
 that Annually arrive here, The whole Illaiid ii 
 divided into thele Provinces, i. SMnyaii, wherein 
 Manilla Hands, it abounds in Cotton, Rkc .inJ 
 Palm Trees, i. CaliUi).:, larger and more Populous 
 than, J. ( amnrinci, in which are the Towns of 
 Boii.i", I'jiy.icr.o, II'.tIoii, BiiLii, Sdijocni, where large 
 .Ships arc Built, and A!l:ii, i.,ii- -vhich is a Bmnini? 
 Mountain. 4, I'macfiU whi 1' ■ *'r Rich Mines ct 
 Gold. The Soil is g--.,. \r^ 'ices C^.-so ard 
 
 Paliii-Trers. v C./i; iv •( :i ;.. , . i^ioviiv c in the 
 Illand : The Capital nam, J .N>i 5f:;oi'(j is ,i liuLop's 
 See, Founded with the City, Wwjc 1^98. lliis i^io- 
 vince is Fruitful and produces Wax, Brazil and b! ony 
 Wood, and Wild Bcafts, whofe Skins are Mcrtlnn- 
 dizc. 6, IHcci'S, the Richell and beft Peopled Pro- 
 vince in the Ifland : The Capital l-emr.uJiv.n wk 
 Built on the Bank of the River Biy^.iu in 1 574. In 
 Mountains in this Province, beyond Woods inhabited 
 by Wild People, are Gold Miocs. 7. I'nt.gajman, 
 running along the Coalt is good Land for Eight ot 
 Nine Leagues, above which it is Woody and Moun- 
 tainous, and polfefs'd like 1//moj by Wild h.dim!. 
 
 8. l'ami)ang,i, a large Province, and Fruiiful Soil 
 producing much Rice, .ind inhabited by more tr^idla- 
 Lie Indians, who allilt the Sp/iuianU in the Wars, 
 
 9. Bnhi, on the Ealt of MiitiiH.i, about the Lake 
 above mention'd, Fruiiful in Areta and Bcielc. «',d 
 yielding much Timber for Shipping. 10. r.,iicm, 
 a fmall Province abounds in Riie, and Pal- -^' .,,e. 
 Lattly, II. Cjtntidi .incs , and two or t! lOu (■'h.T 
 Illands Sul'jeift to a Metropolis on th' :. mv I ', 
 compofes a Province, it lyes or. the !!."(. -..it 1, \ 
 artbrds Rice, Palin-Wine, Coco s, Hone; inu \\ ,i .. 
 
 All the Illand of M.wi.i.i produce GoM >. '.er. 
 Wax, Cotton, Sulphur, Rice, good Horles, C vs, 
 Butalo's, Deer and Wild Boars. But it is nnu h S' , 
 jidt to Farths-iuakcs. A word or two of thi ' iii..t 
 City and then we will paP, (^^. 
 
 Mjniil:-:, the Capital ol this Illand, and '..v' Seat ot 
 the Government of the I'hillipinc Iflar 1- , itaiids in the 
 14 Deg. 40 M. South Latit. at n ,ioint of I ..nd on 
 the River, which iHiies from the Lake Bill and fails 
 into the Sea, making a gocd Haven .nt :'j: itc, which 
 is a very good well built Town on the Well Cioilb 
 It is two Miles in Circumfrrenrc, well fiuariled with 
 good Walls, wherein are lix Ciatc-, 1 '^vong Cafllc 
 and divers ("lut-woiks : The Stri' ?•;■ 'irnad. ibc 
 Houles of Timber, and the Palaces;., > , ■■ .iitif'.ii ; 
 but bv realon of birthqiiakis, v\hicli i (':> ' ■.lul.row 
 Houfcs, the IHiildings arc nor regular. I ,ie City it 
 fell contains about j^ --o SoulsconliOiiif^of .Vfi'. t'lV, 
 
DS. 
 
 :apucs,in others 
 ; S. VV. Coift 
 from the great 
 ; into the Sea 
 1 this Rivor the 
 ..■ Month of it 
 W Sfuiin Ships, 
 hole llland i$ 
 tittyaii, wherein 
 on, Kkc .-.lid 
 nore Popiilou'! 
 the Towns of 
 >, where lar^e 
 li is a Biirniiijj 
 Ki.-h Mints cf 
 ices Cii..;,9 and 
 i^rovirii c in the 
 ii'^'ij i^ ,1 l«ll,op's 
 78. Tins i'lc- 
 raziland IV, oiiy 
 ,s arc McKlnn- 
 \ Peopled Pro- 
 Vtrnr.hjir.n mas 
 '" in 1574, In 
 .'cods inhabited 
 
 7. I'^j.gijnmn, 
 nd for Eight or 
 ody and Moun- 
 
 V'lld InM.vit. 
 , Fruiifui Soil 
 7 trorc trada- 
 
 in the Wars, 
 bout the Lake 
 nd Bcttle. ki.d 
 
 10. r. -licit)!, 
 
 nd Pbl.-.>\''...f. 
 or t! I -re fth:i' 
 :h' i. MV I:, ,!. 
 ; . ■ t :!i 1. \ 
 nc; .Mia ''A ,1 .. 
 
 L' Gold ^ ' vC't, 
 
 Horles, C VV, 
 it is iiuu h S' . 
 JO of the ' .tiitt 
 
 , and '...'Sear of 
 
 '• , ifauds in the 
 
 nt of I ..lid on 
 
 c Bill and falls 
 
 r r.i:i>c, which 
 
 the Weft C:oalK 
 
 !l I'uarded with 
 
 I ^'.niif; C'aflle 
 
 ^' e 'rroad. l^e 
 
 X ~ ' ( ■' .iiMt'.ii ; 
 
 ('■'• '.lul.row 
 
 1 .10 City It 
 
 pi; of S^u ■.•li.. 
 
 P H I L L I P I N E ijlands. 
 
 *33 
 
 •t a mix d Race proceeding; from them and Tn.iiiwi .• 
 But the Suburbs arc more Copious. The Clincfe 
 Quarter on one fide of the City, eonlilis of divers 
 Streets of Shops of all Trades, jcoo Cbinejr inhabit 
 here, and arc the chief Tradis-meii, the Spuninnls 
 and liJUtis being tuo lazy : They arc called Saii^h)s, 
 have an Ai.'i.i^ to govern tlieni, and are nuieli kept 
 Under by the Spnnltids . There arc 1 s other Suburbs 
 inhabited by Indijiii, and other Strangers. 1 he Ca- 
 thedral is large, and feveral other Churches in the 
 Ciiy Rich. 1 he Arch-bi(hop has a Revenue of 6000 
 pieces of Eight, and the Canons 500 apiece. The 
 Governor lives in great State, and has a very large 
 Revenue, which would make it a deli able Poft, if a 
 Sting in the Tail diii not Marr the Sweet, for when a 
 (iovernor after b.ight Years is recalled, he undergoes 
 aTryal, wherein I'o much Encouragement is given to 
 Afcufations, and the judges are fo levcrc in their 
 Vtuhiit, that it lie be not able to expend icocoo 
 ficcesdt Eight ill Bribes, he is feldom found virtuous 
 eiioiii^h to efcape Iniprilonment or other Punilh- 
 iiient. 
 
 1 his llland his the Liberty of fvndinj; two Ships 
 every Ye.it to New '\p.i!n, but bc'aulc the number is 
 telbaiii'd they Build thofe two vaiUy lare,e Thcle carry 
 lo.IiM/'W" :i Port in the South Sea, in the Kingdom of 
 Wiu I) or NewS/ciw, the Spices and Rich Comiro- 
 ilities of Ind'.i, and bring back the valuable Commo- 
 dities of .hucnct and l-.itfpe. Thefc are the Ships 
 which Dampl;. lately attempicd to take. 
 
 The r^.uft reniJrkablc of thcothcr lllands are, 
 CliVL, at the M.-'Utli of the Straights of .WrtHiV/.i 
 on the F.ait, 'tis fmall being but three Leagues in 
 Compafs, but Fruitful and plcafani. 
 
 VHILIM'IKA or 'lUmljya , which (Hmelli lalls 
 Siimdr, on the .South lide of the fame Stt.;'olit. isiargc, 
 n:;. ijc Leagues in Circumference, and reputed one 
 of the iiiott Fruitful of thefc Jilands. 'J'hc Chief 
 Town where the -iVi./c rclides, is named C/nLilogm, 
 and the North Eait Point of the llland is called the 
 Cib't ./■ Spi'.'io Su'.H-. 
 
 A Fruit or fort of Nut found near Cnthnhgon, is rc- 
 ('ortvd to be of irol'. fiirprixitif, virtue, asnotnn'yex- 
 pelliiic Poifoii, bir even hinderiry its Effects, and 
 retuinng it on him hat intends the Mifcluef. With 
 many other Exccllemics enunier.xted by Giuifiii. 
 
 MASB/tl'li, iituate Well of Tjn(/.«M, is jO Leagues 
 m Compafs, yields Wax, Salt, Ciivct and Gold, 
 whereof here are rich Mines, where the Ore rifes 
 li Carats hue ; but they arc not wrought. 
 
 MlSnOKO, on the South Weft Coaft of hUnilU, 
 which gives name to the Straight lictwecn that llland 
 audit, is 70 Leagues in compafs, and yields Coco, 
 ar.d Wax. 
 
 L.ZH'IS, a finall llland ; Leagues in -rompars 
 only remarkable fur a high Mountain in it, which 
 alts out Flames. 
 
 PAI{./1GVA, llretching cut North Eafl and South 
 Weft, |oo Leagues in length, and about 11 or 14 
 in breadth. Tlie middle of it lies in the 9th Deg.of 
 l4t. and It's South Cape Ir.^ujr.ii is S" Leagues North 
 Irom lU'nro. I'hc South part of this llland is fu\i)eiil 
 10 the King of lliru.-} ■ m the Midland are wild 
 Indiitui ; and the Noitliern part isSubjed to the i'/d- 
 
 «i(5f(/j, who keepaCiarrifon of 200 Men in the For: 
 T.m/!v. The liland is Mountainous, and •bounds 
 with Forefts and wild Biafls, and yields Wax, but 
 little Rice. 
 
 1 he three lllands C,iUmia/,e.', lying on the North of 
 L'jir.ict, are fmall in compafs, and yield Wax and 
 the Edible liirds Nett. 
 
 /'//.\W7", ail llland of good Extent, being ico 
 Leagues in Cuinpals, lyini/, ^o Leagues SoutliEalHVom 
 Mtndciro, Lat. I J D. It IS reckoned the beft Peopled, 
 and moft fruitful of .ill the .\r hipclago. The chief 
 River of the fame Name fails into the Sea, over a- 
 gaintt the fmall IlUnd I.Z't.'l', and makes a conve- 
 nient Haven. Many other Rivers water this llland, 
 and render its Soil tertil. The South pcmt juttiiignut 
 over againlt the llland IM/lV.lS, which yields Sarfi- 
 pari/ a. forms another Harborr, whith is (guarded by 
 a Fort I'uiit HI 1 6S (. This llland produces" for Expor- 
 tation, loocoo Biilhels of Kice, y>f. Aiinum. 
 
 I i:'i'Ti:, IcAiid to the .Southward, hardly lo 
 I eagiies from ihe Coait of M'.i,ditnn'\ is between 90 
 and IOC Leagues in Compals. Vaft Mountains run 
 along the middle, and iiiak ■ fucli an Alteration in the 
 Air, that when it is Wu'ter on the N. tth fide, 'tig 
 Summer on the Suuth, but the Plains are very fruitful, 
 and yield plentiful Crops of Rice, towhichthc Rivers 
 that run down from the Mountains, do not a little 
 contribute. The MoLiitains abound in Deer, wild 
 Boars and Fowl, and the Land yields Roots, which is 
 the Food of the Inhabitants, Grain, Coco-'l'rees and 
 gocid Timber for Shipping. The Commodities for 
 Trade here are Rice, Wax and Quilts. The inhabi- 
 tants are a civil People. 
 
 IIOIIOL, lying near Leyte, towards Mimi-'ir.p, is 
 finaller, being in compals but 40 Leagues. The .Soil 
 whereof produces no Rice, but yields Coco's and di- 
 'ci-s P.oots, much Cattle and Filh, and is rich in Gold 
 Mines. 
 
 SIBZ\ \el>ii or 5o^/r, lyes on the North Weft of 
 I ryie, about i? or ID Leagues long, and 8 broad. 
 The chief City is named, .Ncwj/ip de Dcos, i. e. the 
 Naineof (Kd, and is feaiecuna point inthc middle of 
 the llland, in the 10th Ueg. Lat. Here the famous 
 ;■./,/. A'narl/ar:!, the tirft Circumnavigator of the 
 Earth was killed by the Treacherous Indmiii, after the 
 King and his chiel Attendants had been Baptized, and 
 pretended to be his good Friends. This being the 
 liland where that great Man rirft Planted his Catho- 
 lick Majelty's Standard in 1521. and where afterwards 
 t]ie CoiKiueft of the whole was liegun. This City was 
 founded by the Spaniards, and made a Bilhop's See, 
 and tho feat of a civil Magiftracy, in the Year 1 ^98, 
 It has a good Haven, which is defended by a ftrong 
 Fort, and a Garrifon of two Companiesof Soldiers. 
 Here is a Cathedral Church, and divers Monaftcrics. 
 The Liberty of fending Ships to Kew-Spniti, wasfiid 
 granted to this llland of v'^"> which made it a place 
 of great Trade, but the rife of Manilla has been the 
 linking of this, and fo it is now Icfsrcforted to, but 
 ftill has Hamlets of Chimic and Indian Merchants ami 
 Artificers. This llland wants Rice, butpt- <ices Bo- 
 rnna. Onions, Garlick and other Rcotj, cotton of 
 which they make fine Qpilis, the Plant Abaca, of 
 which Cordage for .^hipping is made. Tobacco, and 
 much Civet and Wax. 
 
 '' '\m 
 
 '";« 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 - 1 
 
 i'lti 
 
Ill 
 
 134- 
 
 hliGUpS, on the Noith Welt of 7^cl>u is lOO 
 I eagues in compafs, and is iruiiful in Rice. The 
 Moiintains arc inhabited by hlucl{s ol" the iVf^rc-kind, 
 which gave Name to the lllind. 'I'hefe bring Wax 
 out of the Mountains, to exchange for Rice. Much 
 CacM tranfplanted ttom New-Spain grows here. 
 
 In all tliele Illands, 'tis reckoned there are tooooo 
 Pcnplc, that pay Tribute to the King of Sp.iin, how- 
 ever, his Revenue does not amount to above 40000 
 pieces of Eight, which does not anfwer the charge of 
 Government and Garrifons (here being 4000 Soldiers 
 maintained) by 2^cooo pieces of Eight, lo much be- 
 ing Annually fent from Sive-Spahi. 
 
 Thi s far i have taken from Seignior Gimdli, who 
 rclided foine tiineac Mmi'.hr., in the Year 1696. and 
 fecms to tie a Man of judgment and Integrity, and a 
 Fertonwhoconvtrfed withPeoplcofthebcllCondition, 
 ai-.d thcrefoie we may believe his accounts are right. 
 A great many particulars we are forced to omit for bre- 
 vity, which yet would appear agreeable to a curious 
 Man, I'uch a one may pleafe to confult the Author 
 hiir,:. If, a Tranllatu ri whereof is extant in the late 
 
 Jjlands on theCoaflof India. 
 
 Colu. : 
 As li; 
 not Sub)i. 
 who Coaltc 
 and often, 
 
 'oy.iges. Printed by Mr. Churchill, 
 nr.o, another of the Philiipinet, altho' 
 .icSpr.niiiiL Welhalkonfult Oimprir, 
 all round, and was alhcreinit long 
 
 MIK DAN AO, the biggelt ofall the Phi/I!pint Illnmis, 
 except Lu:;n, is 60 Leagues long, and 40 or ^o broad, 
 (iruatc bctwicn the ^th and the 8th Dcg. of North 
 1 at. and between the 141 and the 14; Dcg. of Long. 
 It is a very Mountainous Land, full of Hills anil Val- 
 leys. The Mould in general is deep and black, and 
 extraordinary fat and fruitful. The fides of the Hills 
 are Stony, yet produdive enough of tali Trees. In 
 the heart of the Country, there arc fome Mountains 
 that yield Gold. The Valleys are well moiftened with 
 pleafanc Brooks and fmall Rivers of delicate Water ; 
 and have on their Banks Trees of divets forts flourilh- 
 iiig, and green all the year. 
 
 The Treis III general are very large, and mofi of 
 them .ire of kinds unknown to us. Of thefe the S,igo 
 or /..i/'v-Trte, is worth notice, as affording Food to 
 the Inhabitants, 'tis frequent in thefe Eaftern Iflaiids, 
 and fupplies ina greatmeafurethc want of Rice, for 
 the Pith being pounded, and with Water flrained 
 through a Cloath, to keep back the Husky part, fettles 
 at the Uittom, and the Water l>cing drawn off, and 
 the Scttlen;ent dried, it bcaimes a Flour, which m.akcs 
 good nourifliiog Bread ; and isalfo a Mediaine again!) 
 the Flux. 
 
 In foine parts of MirnUnan, there is plenty of Rice, 
 but in the Hilly part, they Plant Yatns, Potatoes aid 
 I'limkins which thrive well, the other Fruits of this 
 liland are Melons, Plantains, Bonano's, Guava's, Be- 
 telc-Nuts, Coco-Nuts, Oranges, 8<c. And fome 
 Nutmegs and Cloves, but neither many nor cultivated, 
 for tear of the Dutch, who they appiehcnd would en- 
 (lave them as they have dore the other Iflander* 
 where thole Fruits grow. And the Durian and 
 Jack, which are praifed by Darnpeir as Delicious 
 Fruits. 
 
 Here are many fort of Bcaftsboth wild and tame, as 
 Horfcs, Kine, Buffalo's, Goats, wild Hogs, Deer, 
 Monkeys, Guano's, an Amphibious oviparous Animal 
 which i*. good F'lod, Lizards, Snakes, Scorpions, 
 and other venomous Creatures : but no BeaO of 
 Prey. 
 
 Of Fowls they have Ducks and Hens, Pidgeons, 
 Turtle Doves, Parrots, Parakites, and many other 
 fmaller Birds. 
 
 There are. 1 great many Haibonrs, Creeks, and good 
 Bays for Ships to ride in, and Rivers Navigable for 
 Canoes, and well flor«d with Filh of divers kind, as 
 alfo Tortoize<^. 
 
 7 he Weather in MindntiM is teinpirate enough for 
 Hear, efpccially near the Sea, having Breezes by Day 
 .and land Winds at Night, to cool the Air. The Ea- 
 ftcrly Winds blow in Otlciier and NoviniLer, and bring 
 good Weather, but the Wclleriy Wind brings Rain 
 and Thunder, it begins in 'W^v, and in yul)i and /luavfl 
 IS very violent, fo as to overflow the Land. In Septnu- 
 hr it begins to hold up, and from OHoLsr to April 'tis 
 fettled fair Weather. 
 
 1 he Ifland is not all Subjcift to one Prince, but 
 confifis of four Nations, vi^. The Mindunaynm who 
 areSubjedls of the Sultan refuling at the chief City 
 MindnnM. The Hiiunoom-s who live in the Mountains 
 in the Midland, and bring down Bees-Wax to ex- 
 change for other Crmmcdities. 1 lie H.li-.^ues, who 
 livein the North Weft part, and have no Commerce 
 with the Mindnynn, but Trade to M^nilln. And the 
 Alfocrci, who are of the Tunc extraift as the Mi>id,w/i)' 
 am, but have for fome time been governed by a Sultan 
 of their own. They are all Mahometans in Religion, 
 of tawny Completion, but of brighter yellow'than 
 fume other Indians, mean Statures, fmall Limbs, 
 (Iraight Bodies and little Heads, oval Faces, flat Fore- 
 beads, fmall Eye--, wide Mouth and thin Lips. They 
 are ingenious, nimbleand aftive when difpofed to it, 
 but much inclined to Lazyncfs, civil to StraiiEjers, but 
 revengeful on Enemies. They wear a fmall Turban 
 on their Heads, Frock.s and Breeches on their Bodies, 
 but no Stockings or Shoocs. The Garments of the 
 common People are made of the Cloath made ^f the 
 Plintain-Trec, called S^^^fw. The Prince is veiy Ar- 
 bitrary, and takes from bis Subjedls what he pkail.- 
 which makes them ncgledl tf) get riches, and very few 
 poffefs more than ferves for prcfent convenience. 
 Their Food is Rice, or Sagu and Fifh, the better fort 
 eat Buffalo's Flefh ana Fowl, with Rice which they 
 drefs ill, and eat very flovcnly. Belides the proper 
 Mindanao Tongue, they fpeak the AUi.ynn Language, 
 in the more civilized part of the Kland, and have 
 Schools toinftru«ft their Children to Read and Write; 
 and teach them the Principles of the Mahometan Re- 
 ligion. 
 
 The chief City on the Ifland is Mindayi/io, feated on 
 the South Weft Coaft, ia the 7 Deg. 10 Min. North 
 Latii. on the Banks of a fmall River, about i Miles 
 from the Sea. The Houfes are only one Story raifcd 
 upon Pofts 1 4 or 15 Foot high, with a Ladder or Stairs 
 to go up. Partitions made of fplit Bamboes, divide it 
 into,many Rooms, the Floor is made of the famcCanes, 
 and the Roof covered with Palmeto Leaves. The 
 Sultan's Houfe is large, and ftands upon 180 great 
 Pofts, raifed higher than the reft: it is guardeil with 
 20 pieces of iron Cannon. He is a very poor Prince, 
 for tho' he takes what he pleafes from his Subjedls, 
 and never fails to borrow Money of any one that he 
 underftaods has any, yet the Kland holding very little 
 Commerce, the People arc all poor. The Spaniards 
 formerly fettled here, and built leveral Forts, endea- 
 vouring to bring the People under their Subicdion, 
 but being called off for the defence of M.ir-l/a, the 
 Natives deftroyed all their Forts, and will never lince 
 fuffer them to Land, but carry their Commodities 
 which are Gold and Bees-Wax to Mmillii, in their 
 
 own 
 
PHfLLIPlNE Ijlandi 
 
 own Ships, whtrcof they build good fcrviieablconcs. 
 The Di.tch in Caiiocs from Trnintc and Tiil->>c conic 
 hither fomeTimcs, to buy Ricc.B'^esAVax and To- 
 bacco; but the \:.iidiiy/in.i do nor Airtdt them, being 
 alw? s in Hai of being Subjcdled as the oilier lllands 
 Jip/e li-( n by them, and thercfoic invite ihe Eiiglifh 
 to feitl'.' hi ri.'. Thus m'xh of Af /(/,/,.« jr, hz that J c- 
 firesniori', n'ay read it in Dnwpd.'s nth Chapter of 
 hislirft Vokinr. 
 
 On the North Weft {if fHltiil.in.ifo, lies the Idand 
 of St. ]OHN, at about t or 4 Leagues diftant from 
 itsG)alt, in the 7th or Sth Dcg. North Latit. This 
 lilaiid i;> in length about 3b Leagues, and in breadth 
 
 14. Ii isa liif^h land, :ind full of fniall Hills, which 
 are covered with Trees. '1 lie Soil fcens to tc a 
 g(od fat Mould, and niiy fiodnce Com and Fruits, 
 but has been very little vifutd. 
 
 XOILO, a fniall IQand en the South Weft of 
 Jiiintltinttit, in the Midway between it and Borntc, is 
 reckoned one of the P/ji//'/">'--/, and reprcfented by 
 Giwelli as a famous place, yielding Pearls and Am- 
 ber in its Sea«, and plenty of Rice, Fruits, Pepper, 
 Cattle and Elephants en its Land. The Air is 
 wholfimc, and refrcflicil with frci]uent Kains. The 
 Ships from Borneo and the iieii^hbouring Iflands refort 
 hither, and make it a kind or Mart. 
 
 CHINA 
 
 ',r 'i!; 
 
 THE 
 
 LADRONES ISLANDS. 
 
 '"T^l !ESE Idands were firft difcovered and taken 
 I pofllinon i)f in the Name of King Pl.'ilip II. 
 ■- W. /). 1565. They called them at firft //.» 
 Jits I'-Us, afLcrwardj i!e hs Ladroms, becaufc when 
 they touched at them in their Voyages from Mex,eo to 
 the Poimpit.c!, the inhabitants ufcd to flcal their 
 Goorls, andtheii run up into the Mountains, fo they 
 called them the Iflands of Thieves. Of late, the 
 IflandC' («, having obtained the Name of AUria, 
 thefe lllands are thence Denominated the Mantin 
 IflaiiJs. They arc many in Number, lying North 
 and South at various diftances, from the i3L)eg. to 
 the 2S Dcg. North Latit. The Sp-mianh having ta- 
 ken Poifcifion of as many as they thought convenient, 
 and built Forts on them, wh'.re a Governonr and 
 Garrifon riliJe. Altho' the Soil of thcfc Iflands be 
 in general pretty good, and produces lu'celfaties for 
 Lfc, yet th^y afford In little commodity fur Profir, 
 that the Government loits the King of Sptiii J4000 
 pieces of Eight, as G'/wj,-.'iV tells us. But thty lying 
 in the Road of ihc //i.i;^«.'c Ships, the Polfertlon of 
 ihcm by an Enemy would be ai inconvenient as the 
 liberty of touching there for Reficlhnients, is conve- 
 nient to that Trade. They lye 700 Leagues Eaft 
 from the Coall of Lu\mii:, and 7301 Miles Weft 
 ftom the Coaft of America, as by Dampens obferva- 
 tiuiis is ni.idc appear. 
 
 Cu.ihotiotCiir.w, as DampHi calls it, which! fup- 
 pofc to be the fame whit h (iivicUi names lijuana, is 
 the principal of them, as being that where the Wc*- 
 pidco Ships touch, it lyes in ij Dcg. zi lat. 12 
 Leagues long, and 4 broad, lying from North to 
 South. The Soil is indifferently fruitful, yielding 
 
 Rice, Pine-apples, Melons, Oranges, Limes, Coco's, 
 and a particular fore of Fruit which Ditmpeir calls 
 the Bread-Fiuit ; this is a kind of very large Apple 
 which being baked cats like Bread, and is very good 
 Food, this Fruit lafts eight Months in the Year, and 
 fupplies the Natives with Food; for tho' fome Rice 
 be produced, the Soil is too dry to yield very iiuicb. 
 The Natives are ftrong Bodied, large Limbed, and 
 well ftiapcd, they have no manner ^f Religion in 
 tliem, fays Gimellt\ from the Reports of the Mifli- 
 onaries, and were very rude to thofe Fathers, where- 
 of Ten have fuffcrcd Martyrdom in thefe lllands. The 
 wet Seafon, which begins at June, and lafts to Otinber, 
 is not fo violent here aselfewherc in i\ic Indies. Up- 
 on Qtiam the Speniardshivcz Fort, and a Garrifon, 
 fuppofed to be 80 or 90 Men, but Dnmpeir fays, the 
 Fort had but 6 Guns, a Governour and 10 or 30 Men 
 when he was there. 
 
 The other of thefe Iflands of moft note arc, Sar- 
 fitma, in 14 Deg. Lat. Buen viJU, in 1$ Deg. Sii- 
 e/pitr.i, in 1^ Dcg. 40 Min. /Inatan, in 17 Deg. lo 
 Min. Snrigan, in 17 Deg. 2S Min. Gungam, in 
 18 Deg. Atamagur.n, in 18 Deg. 18 Min. P^gon, 
 in 1 8 Deg, 4 Min. The burning Mountain of Griga, 
 in 19 Deg. 3i Min. T/«<iy and Mimga, in zo Deg, 
 45 Min. Vrrr.c, in zo Deg. 55 Min. Three other 
 burning Mountains. Ifle de ft-.tasjin 15 Dcg. 30 Min. 
 lit Dijconocida, in !<} Deg. 50 Min. MaUirigc, in 
 17 Deg. 40 Min. &c. This I take from GimeBi, 
 who failed by them in his Voyage to N?m Spain. 
 
 And here we f.nifli our Account of the Iflandi 
 in the Indian Sea. As looking upon the Japtne/e oot 
 to belong to this Claf; 
 
 
 own 
 
 ,( -ii 
 
196 
 
 ^liil 'i 
 
 '1, , 
 
 ^KH-m ■■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■n 
 
 
 ft 
 
 1 
 
 Hr¥ 
 
 
 S'l 
 
 
 Ij 
 
 CHINA 
 
 ALtho' the Extent and opulency of the 
 Gauntry, and the politenefs of its In- 
 habitants be fufficientto have made China 
 Rcnown'd thronghout the Earth, a 
 thoufand Years ago, yet whether the unpafiable 
 Mountains, and barren Sands, which are (aid to 
 bound it towards India -, or the Cuftora of the Peo- 
 ple, of whom 'tis reported, that they either never 
 
 admitted Strangers among them, or elfc never per- 
 mitted them to return ; or whether the cxtrcam di- 
 ftance only may be the caufc that the reft of the 
 World were wholly unacquainted with it ; but fo it 
 is, that till within loo Years paft, that the improve- 
 ment of Navigation carryed European Ships round the 
 Globe, the reft of Mankind knew little or nothinj; 
 of ebina, 'Tis true, Pf.ulm Vinem's account of 
 
 Cm- 
 
CHINA 
 
 «37 
 
 Ciiinbalu { which as wc have tlfcvvherefaiJ, was in all 
 probability Peliim) and iiis mighty Charadler of the 
 Chirn and his SubjeiJls, may be now apphcd to 
 China ; but (ince at that timt-, it was underftood ot 
 TJ'tnry only, wc may ftill fay that till the I'ortugur^e 
 difcovcrcd and Traded to this Country by Sea, tlie 
 otiicr Nations of the World ivure quite ignorant of 
 it. But as the fudden appearance of a great Light 
 even blinds our Eyes with it's Lulhc, fo the un- 
 cxpeded difcoveiy of fo polite a Nation, which had 
 received no inftrudion from its Neighbours, fo daz- 
 zled the undertlandings of the firit Vilitants, that 
 the Stories they brought us were more like Romances 
 than Tiuths , And till thcZealof tlic i{iimijh Church 
 Itiried up its Miifionariesio Preach the Faith there, 
 wc were ftill ignorant of the true State of that Hni- 
 pire. 
 
 Since the Year 1 580. there have continually been 
 a number of l^mijl-' Priefts in Cbina ; thefe finding 
 that the CUneJci had an impcrfcft Speculation in the 
 Mathematical Sciences, and perceiving it to be no 
 difticiilr Matter to fhew themfelves better Matters in 
 that Knowledge, laid hold of the Vain, the Gen- 
 try and Nobility of China had that way, and by ac- 
 quainting themfelves well in thofe Arts, before they 
 went hence, gained great Eikem amongft them. 
 Tims by bein;« pretty good Mathematicians and A- 
 ftrononicrs, they have obtained fo much Favour, 
 cfpecia'.ly of late, with Perfons of the higheft Rank, 
 the I'.mperor not excepted, that they have been 
 able to live there very comfortably, and propagate 
 their Dodrines as they pleafed. 'Tis to thefc Gen- 
 tlemen that we owe the difcovery of the true State 
 of (■/•<«,;, at leaft they all agree to alTurc us, 
 that 'tis the true State, which otherwife I muft 
 fonfcls might be doubted, fmce in many Cafes it 
 fecms Hyperbolical. Of thefe Navarette, Magniliani, 
 and te Compte, being the latcft, wc have chofcn to 
 make molt ufe of. The firft of them was a Spnnijh 
 Dominican Fryar, who came from Manilha and 
 rcliJed in China many Years, between 1650 and 
 t6jo. The fecond a I'ortu^uc^^f, v/ho lived there 
 17 Years from i6^o to 1677, and the third a 
 French Jefuit, who came home but lately. Together 
 with thefe, bcfidts Fathers Martini and Kjrcl)cr^ wc 
 made ufe ol a Treatife brought from Cliitu by the 
 Mifcofite Ambaifador, in the Year 1694. which 
 being faid to be written by a Native ot China, 
 ani a Chriftian (his Name Dionyfiui Kjn ) and re- 
 commended by the Ambaffador as faithful, we have 
 been willing to ha\e lomc regard to. 
 
 CHINA, has at fevcral times born fcvcral 
 Names, for when a Prince of a N. w Family a- 
 f'cniis the Throne, he alters the Name of the 
 Country ; and there having been li Families of 
 ihile IVin es, 'tis probable fn often it has changed its 
 Niutie: Til fc Nanus wcreall Charadlcriftick, being 
 the word r^'i..; / w with fomc po.xpou. adjuniH: ; as 
 foi hxaiiijie, under the late Fiiauly 'twas called T.i< 
 m'.m ,j:ir, i. •; a 'kingdom of tiicat Crightncis ; and 
 under this Faini y T.u' ciin qm-, i. f. a Kingdom of 
 Piiriiv ; or othi rwife Xnmquc, High and bovereign 
 Kinpdoiu ; and agiin Chum que. Kingdom ot the 
 Centre, lot they iicliev^ it fea:cd in the middle of 
 the Karrli. The ()/^;4W5 call it C'/j/« from a Family 
 that oiKc Rovcrnei! ; (or as K/iv.irettc fays, from the 
 grent produce of Silk there, which he (iiys that word 
 iigiiitics) tfoui whom the Vortuguc^<: received that 
 
 Name, and adding an a conveyed It to the teft of 
 Europe. 
 
 This Empire is feated in the Eaftern Pare of 
 ■■:;ic., having Ta/Yd/ yon the North and North Weft ; 
 The Mo^'ul\ Empire and hidiil extra Cir.i.g^m on 
 the Weft J Touqiiiri and the InJun Sea which flows 
 between 11 and the t'hiilipim Iflands on the South : 
 And the Chiurje Sea that runs between it and Jnpoti 
 on the Eaft. It is a very large Country, extending 
 from the 21 Dcg. of Northern I.atit. to the 41 Deg. 
 But if the Iiland H.itiii:,i, which lyes oij the South of 
 the Province of .QM,i»/;n/»;; b^^ included, ^ Deg. more 
 mult be added, and lu according to MagaiHani ic 
 muft be reckoned from the iSth to the 41 Deg. and 
 as he tells us from the CliincJ-: Books, the length is 
 'y-^'jo Chinije Furlongs, which makes 1380 Miles. 
 Le Compte reckons it but 450 l-Ve>:ch Leagues, ex- 
 cluding Hiiynun, but agrees with the Maps in the 
 Situation of Cantcn and P^kju, from which he 
 takes his Calculation, and fo the dilferencc is not 
 much : But in its Breadth he is millaken, for he 
 fuppofes the Kingdom to be of a circular Form, and 
 fo gives it near the fame extent that way; wheiea? ic 
 is rather Ok'al, and accotdir.g to ■V.;i'.i;.7..«j but iczo 
 Miles broad, from Simpo in rhc Eait, to the Utmoft 
 Frnntier of Suchucn in the Weft. 
 
 The old Maps were guilty of a gro!^ niiftake in 
 the Situation of China ; for Father /fCw»/'fc alfure^ 
 us, thatbyexaft Obfervation 'tis found to be 500 
 Leagues nearer to /wiro/if than they placed It : Another 
 Correftion he gives which is conlidcrablc, vi:^. that 
 the Province of Leaotum is without the Wall, and 
 not included, as the former Maps ufed to make 
 it. 
 
 The Climate of China, by reafon of its extent, 
 muft needs be different in feveral Parts, but in gene- 
 ral it is Temperate ; for though the Southern Part 
 lye under the "Ttopick, yet the cold Winds that blow 
 over the large Continent of Ta\ury render the Win- 
 ters very cold; and le Compte tells us in the Account 
 of his Journey from J^impu to I'eki"', that the Fioft 
 was very fevere in Janu.try and t'ebruary, fo as to 
 oblige him to lie by till the Ice could be broken for 
 hisPalfage: And Martini fays, the Winters are fc- 
 verely cold for three or four Months. 
 
 The SOIL produces plenty of Rice, Wheat, Oats, 
 and other Grain, Patture, Cotton, Wax of a pecu- 
 liar fort proceeding from a Tree, whereof Father 
 M.i^ail.'ans gives a particular account, p. 140. and 
 Tallow of the fame kind, which le Compte, Navarette 
 and l{ao defcribe, and fay the Kernel, or rather the 
 Pelp of a Fruit has all the ^Toperties of Tallow : 
 Here are alio Mines of Gold and Silver, but never 
 wrought : Plenty of Cattle, Filh, Fowl, Fruit i of 
 moft of the kinds feen in Europe, befides many others 
 not found here. Of Fruits the Lechia, the Longanc 
 and the Oranges are fingularly Delicious ; and they 
 have Figs, Grapes, Areka-Nut, Anana's, and the reft 
 of the moft delicious of India. For Game they have 
 Bears, wild Boars, Deer, and many others, whofc 
 Fur is a good Commodity : They have Silk alio in 
 vaft quantity, fo as to afford a great Exportation, be- 
 (idcs Cloathing of all kinds to the Natives: And the 
 Earth whereof Porcelanc or China- Ware is made 
 affords them a notable Manufaifturc. To thefe pro- 
 duftions wc muft add from Navarette, Sugar, To- 
 bacco, Linncn, Cloth, Gil extradted from Seeds, 
 Wine extraded from Rice, ami another fort from 
 Qyinccs, Cawphir, Ebony, Sandal Wood, Oaks 
 "Tl" «nd 
 
 Mr(;."'^t 
 
 v-m 
 
 •l.iiu!! 
 
 yi^ii 
 
 ''^' \ 
 
 
I'l. 
 
 15 1'' 
 
 138 
 
 CHINA. 
 
 11 
 
 I 
 
 I;i 
 
 ».i(| ,! iii 
 
 
 'I'i: 
 
 ■il, ''I 
 
 
 B'?;! 
 
 and Pine-Treej, Pit-Coat, Canes, Ginger, China 
 Roor, Rhubarb, the Root Jinfeu, and the Herb Tea 
 fo much efteemed in Bmcfe grows here in nioft plen- 
 tiful Degree. And of Ammals, ticphants, whereof 
 many are bred in Tunniti, Tygcri which are very 
 numerous and fierce, and go about in great Droves, 
 Leopards, Ounces, the Beaft that yields Musk, 
 which hangs in a Bag at its Navel, Horfcs and Swine, 
 belidesfeveralftrange Beads which we have never fcen. 
 There are Eagles, Cranes, Birds of Faradife, Pea- 
 corks, Phcafants, Gcefe and Ducks innumerable, and 
 feveral other Fowl. 
 
 The Land is fo admirably Cultivated, that not on- 
 ly the Valleys are made as Level as a Bowling-Grecn, 
 but even the Mountains are cut into large Steps, and 
 artificial Plains cut out of the fides of Hills ; which 
 are like TerralTes one above another, and made as 
 Fertil as the Valleys: In other Parts as Xenji, Honan, 
 Q^iantnm and t'okjen, where the Mould is not fo 
 deep, the Mountains bear large Forefis of tall ftrait 
 Trees, which by means of the Rivers they convey in 
 vaft Floats all overthe Empire : Some of their Moun- 
 tains appear in odd fhapes, as one rcprefeius rhcv fay 
 their Idol I'ohi, another a Dragon, another a Cock, 
 Cf. and tofomeof thcfc Mountains they make Rcli- 
 poiis Pilgrimages. 
 
 I'he RIVERS and artificial Canals of Chin.i 
 are very many, and very commodious, both for wa- 
 tering the Land and carriagcof Goods: thcmoftcon- 
 'idtrablc whereof are the KJ-"" or the Blcw-River, 
 and the Homnlo or Yellow-River; the Kjam rifes in 
 the Province of Timnan near the Frontiers of the 
 M^h/, and runs quite crofs the Empire from Weft 
 to Eaft, palling through Suchutn, Huqiiam and i\'4»!- 
 ^'"i, and falls into the Sea 30 Leagues below Kjam- 
 nhi, over againft the Ifland Cummin, having made a 
 Conrfe of looo Miles. This River is very deep, 
 even fo as not to be fathomed, and very broad ; but 
 its palfage fomewhat dangerous, and its courfe very 
 Ra{)id. ThcHoambo, Hojnjja or Tc/Zom J^ititrhath its 
 Riic on the Mountains, on the Weft fide of the Pro- 
 vince of 5mc6«w, runs along the Frontiers oiTnrtnrj, 
 Northward, beyond the great Wall flows Eaftward 
 and then enters China, and runs Southward between 
 the Provinces of Xenfi and Xmifi ; then turns Eaft- 
 ward, and paffes through Homn, part of Xantum, 
 and through N^n/^im ; and after a Courfe of 600 
 1 eagues falls into Sea about 30 leagues North from 
 the Mouth of *(.'<*". the Water of the ^wnfo is al- 
 ways of a Ycliow or red Colour, and not fit to 
 Drink tlH'tis purified. The Gr4f;<<Crt«<j/maydeferve 
 the Name of a confiderable River, for U Compte tells 
 OS it runs quite the length of the Empire, from Pekjn 
 to dnlon. And Mrtgnillnni fays, 'tis 3500 Chineje 
 Furlongs (v»hich anfwers to 840 Miles of 60 to a 
 Degree) in length, and fiirnifhed with 71 Locks or 
 Sluces to retain the Water : This was a Work of vaft 
 Expencc, Art and Labour, and performed by one of 
 the Emperors about 400 Years ago. A multitude of 
 other Rivers and Canals are found here, withlCau- 
 feysand Bridges fuited to theutmoft convenience and 
 facility of Travelling. Alfo a number of Lakes and 
 Hot Fountains, whofe Waters have many peculiar 
 Virruts, fetdownby le Compte, but too long for us 
 to repeat. 
 
 The INHABITANTS are Ingenious and Indu- 
 firious, as appears by the curious wrought Silks, 
 Cabinets, Porccllain and other Manufadtures, daily 
 brought to i^nropa j by tho admjir«ble Cultiyation 
 
 of their Land ; and by the many pnblick Works of 
 valt Labour; as the Gr<;ni/ c'dHu/ above mentioned 
 the Great Wall (whereof more hereafter) the ftately 
 Bridges, vaft Sluces in the Canal, the convenient 
 Cauicys on its Banks, the many publick Inns, (jc. 
 And although they had no converfc with Hwvpe or 
 other parts of the World, yet they have for many 
 Ages had the ufc of the Mariner's Coinpal'», Gun- 
 powder and Printing ; are Maikrs of all Sciences 
 (though not to the P';rftdtion that we arc) and pre- 
 fcfs the moft cxaft Morality ; which wis taught 
 by the Philofopher Confucim, abuve joo Years 
 before Clirift, and his Precepts arc fliU iji the 
 highelt Eiteem. 
 
 The LANGUAGE cX Chifin is peculiar to that 
 Nation, as being different from all others in every 
 rcfpetft ; The Radical Words are Init 333 in 
 Number, every one of whkh is divcrliticd in its 
 Signification five feveral Ways by Accent, and as 
 thefe arc all MonofylJables, they are nbt only variouij 
 joined and made Compounds iiinunictablc, which by 
 the Pronunciation alfo are varied fo I.Ugcly, that this 
 is reputed the raofl copious Language in the World ; 
 In their Writing they begin at the top of the Paper, 
 and make notufe of an Alphabet of i\ Letters as 
 we do, but ufe a vaft number of Hicroglyphical 
 Chara£lers, even S4409, fays MagaiHam, whicii 
 makes the writing their Language cxtreani difficult 
 to learn ; and the nicety of Pronunciation makes it 
 as difficult to Strangers to fpeak, for with a wrong 
 Accent a Word fignifies direftly contrary to vvluc 
 you intend. But though Reading and Writing 
 be difficult, it is univcrfally learnt , and the 
 meaneft People among thcui teach it to thcii; 
 Children. 
 
 The RELIGION of ChinA is Grofs Idolatry j 
 their God t'ohe, and a multitude of other Idols, arc 
 daily Sacrificed and Prayed to, and abundance of 
 foolilh Legends are part of their Religion . Chrifti- 
 anity begins of late to have fomc Footing, but the 
 Jefuits have been fo complaifant to the Chhie/e that ic 
 is made too much like their own Religion. 
 
 The GOVERNMENT is the moft regular in t,"^ 
 World ; for though the Emperor be ablblute j T .- 
 bunals and Magiftrates are cnablifhed in inoft t.vad 
 and regular manner for performance of all the 01'- 
 lices of Government. At Pel^im the King with Ins 
 Grand Council of State, compofe the Supreara 
 Tribunal of the Empire ■ Under that arc fix other 
 Superiour Tribunals for Civil, and five for Mihtary 
 Affairs held in the fame City. The particular Buli- 
 finefs of each Tribunal is thus. The tirft has th« 
 Care of furnifhing the Empire with Pcrlons of Me- 
 rit and Capacity fit for Government, to which piu- 
 l-ofe they examine thofc that are to be made Man- 
 dirins, informs the King of the Virtues and De- 
 fects of every one before he be preferred to any 
 Poft in the Government ; take Cognizance of the 
 Condudt and Behaviour of the Mandarins that are 
 employed ; enquire into the Merits of the Petty- 
 Kir- ', Dukes, Princes of the Blood and other Great 
 Loi^s. This Tribunal alfo Seals all judicial Adfs. 
 The fecond Superiour Tribunal has the Care of the 
 Finance, fupervifina the Treafure, Receipts, Reve- 
 nues and Tributes or the King, and pay the Annual 
 Penfions to the Petty-Kings, C?c. This Tribunal 
 alfo keeps the Roll which is made every Year, of 
 «U the Families, ]^en, Mcafure of (-afid, iuid Du> 
 
 uei pay^lc to 
 
 bunai has the 
 
 Arts and Scieni 
 
 War and Milil 
 
 the Army and i 
 
 Magtzines, an< 
 
 &fih Superiour 
 
 Dimuul Caul 
 
 fubordinate Coi 
 
 die pubhck W 
 
 the Kings Palac 
 
 laces of the Ir 
 
 jwe, the Towi 
 
 ways, (^c. Ev( 
 
 fed of a large f 
 
 jflto feveral Cha 
 
 difpatch of Bui 
 
 duvern the An 
 
 fecond the Left 
 
 the fourth the ni 
 
 guard. 
 
 Subordinate 1 
 Roy.s in ProviiKi 
 aodfmalJer Ofti 
 Dice to the Pec 
 Peace . And fo ' 
 ment of China, I 
 were not the mi 
 hy Offices and Ji 
 the Peupleof this 
 Earth. 
 
 The Emperor ; 
 that can be im 
 Miles in Circun 
 the Courts for th( 
 nent alone, is nc 
 ind three quarte 
 many noble Hal 
 domed ; and G 
 at the times that 
 which is four t 
 fouror five thoufa 
 make their Con 
 who are his 
 Court. And 
 ate fo numerous. 
 Army; M.t/(nil/aH. 
 peror's Proccnion 
 offer Sacrifice , 
 •herein the 
 Men, 4 Elephant 
 when be goes abrc 
 of LciKtum or To/ 
 attends him. 
 
 The HISTOR' 
 
 bulous Legends m 
 ilie Creation i but 
 Ixgin within two 
 flood, and flitw 
 fimej but theFai 
 dianged, vi^.nt 
 Mmily aicends thi 
 tlxr through Con( 
 be cuu off all tb 
 Ptedeceflbr, by v 
 U'nt Fanily in 
 whofe Merits hav( 
 ^ above 1000 
 
 wli 
 
r 
 
 CHINA. 
 
 uei payable to the King. The third Superior Tri- 
 liunal has the overHahc of Kues and Cercmoiiici, 
 Arti and Sciences. The fourth has the ordering ot 
 War and Military Affairs, gives out Commiirions m 
 the Army and Fket, orders the Levys, ieplciiiaie:> the 
 Msga2ines, and keeps the Garnfoiu in repair. The 
 6fth Superiour Tribunal u the Court for trying all 
 Ciimuial Caufcs brought hither by Appeals from 
 (iibordinaie Courts. And the fixth has the Care <if 
 (he pubhck Works, fach as building and repairing 
 (be Kings Palaces, the Temples, Sepulchres, the P.i- 
 lices of the Inferior Tribunal!, all over the Ein- 
 pite, the Towers, Bridges, Sluices, Dams, High- 
 ways, G^'". Ever/ one of thcfe Tribunals IS coinpo- 
 (ed of a large Number of Mandarins, and divided 
 into fevcral Chambers or Committees, fur the better 
 liifpatcb of Buiinefs. The five Military Tribunals 
 •uvtrn the Arm>. The firft the Rerc-Guard, the 
 fecond the Left Wing, the third the Right V^'ing, 
 the tourth the main Kutlc, and the hftb the Van- 
 guard. 
 
 Subordinate to thefe Tribunals, there are Vice- 
 Roys in ProviiKCS, Govcrnours and Judges in Cities, 
 andfaialkr Officers in Towns; for difpeiiiing Ju- 
 Dice to the People, and maintainmg the publick 
 Pace And fo very well contrived is the Govcro- 
 ment of China, that if the Mandarins and Courtiers 
 were not the moft covetous in the World, where- 
 by Offices and Julhce ate conftantly bought and fold ; 
 (he Peoplcof this Country would be ihehappieltonthv 
 
 Earth. 
 
 The Emperor appears in the gteateft Magnificence 
 diat can be imagined, his Palace at Ptkjm is fix 
 Miles in CircumfcreiKe ; 'tis true, it comprehends 
 ilie Courts for the Tribunals, but the Royal Apart- 
 nent alone, is not lefs than a Mile and half long, 
 and three quarters of a Mile broad ; wherein are 
 many noble Halls and Chambers magnificently a- 
 dorned ; and Gardens, Canals, Parks, (^<. And 
 at the times that the King makes his appcar.'nce, 
 which i>i four times a Month, he is attended by 
 four or five thoufand Noblemen and Mandarms to 
 make their Court, together with many Petty Kings 
 who are his Valfals, and attend in their turns at 
 Court. And when he goes abroad, hu Attendants 
 are (o numerous, that they would coinpofc a good 
 Army ; MajftiUJanj fets down the Order of the Hm- 
 ptror's Proccflion when he goes out of the Palace to 
 offer Sacrifice, or perform any publick Duty, 
 wherein the Attendants amount to at leart 8000 
 Men, 4 Elephants, and fevetal Hundreds of Hotfe j 
 when be goes abroad, which is ufually to the Province 
 of leitotum or Taftarj, a Hunting, a vail Army always 
 attends him. 
 
 The HISTORY of ChinA is very Ancient, the Fa- 
 bulous Legends make it many thoufand Yeats before 
 the Creation ; but thofe Hiiloticsthat may be credited, 
 begin within two ot three Hundred Years after the 
 Flood, and fltcw a SuccclTion of Monarchs to this 
 time; but the Families ofthe Kings have been often 
 changed, vi^-ii times ; and when a Princeof a New 
 Family afcends the Throne (which has happened ei- 
 ther through Conqucft, Mifgovernment, or the like; 
 he cuu off all the Nobility and Creatures of bis 
 Ptedeceffor, by which means there is no very an- 
 citnt Faniiy in China, except that of CoMf'ucim, 
 whofe Merits have made hit Pofterity be reverenced 
 fbt above lose Years. In euf Ag« haa happened 
 
 i39 
 
 fuch a Change, for in the Year 164$. the Eaflcrn 
 Tiirian under Xuncbi fcized the Government, of whirh 
 wcfhaJllpcak more by and by. This muft neceflTa- 
 rilyhavecaufcd fome alteration in the Government { 
 but the methods of it were To regular and well efta- 
 bluhed, that the T/irtm permitted it to remain, amt 
 made fo little change, that except that Pel^im is 
 poffeffed by Ttitran, and that Nation guards tbe 
 FortrelTes, China is juft as it was under the formet 
 Princes. 
 
 For the better (hewing the Strength and Populouf- 
 nels of this Kingdom, "we will let down the num- 
 ber of Cities, Fbrtreffes, <3f. as we find them in 
 Father Ma^itsUmi Hiftory of China, which he took 
 out of a Bjok compofed by a Learned Mandarin fot 
 the ufeof the Government. But firft ofthe Great 
 Wall, which is indeed a moft ftupendious Work. It 
 is many Yards thick, and exceeding hijjhj built of 
 Brick cemented by fo good Mortar, that though it bt 
 1 800 Yeats old, it is not at all decayed. It was 
 built by the Emperor Chihohamti, and as Tradition 
 reports, was finilhed in five Years, againft the In- 
 curlions of the lartAri ; it begins at Cancbeu in Xenfi 
 in the Weft, and is carrytd on over Mountains as 
 well as Valleyi, to the Cting-Hea, between the two 
 Provinces I'fi^im and tMorum in the Eaft j 405 Per. 
 "'g"'\t Leagues in length, without accounting for 
 Turnings, fays Mj^-i///,i//j ; or 500 Leagues, allow- 
 ing for the Windings, favs It djinpte ; it is all a- 
 long tbnificd with Itrong Towers at reafonable di- 
 Itance, to the number ot 3000, and in the time of 
 the Cbinejt Monarchs, a Million of Soldiers were 
 maintained for its Guard. The number of Walled 
 Towns in C/Mort are 4401, divided into the Orders of 
 Civil and Military. The Gvil are 2045. whtreof 
 of the firft Rank 175, of the fecond Rank 270, 
 of the third Rank 1 600. The Military Cities arc 
 iljo, whereof Foitrefles of the firft Rank 619, of 
 the fecond 560, of the third 311, of the fourth jeo, 
 of tbe fifth I Jo, of tbe (ixth 1 00, and ofthe feventh 
 Degree 300. thefe laft are fmalJ Forts in the Fields 
 near the Fronticrsof Tartary, and on the Mountains, 
 againft Thieves and Robbers, in Xenfi and Xen/i efpe- 
 cially where the very Soldiers are apt to Pillage. 
 The nuitibet of Cities in the whole Empire art 
 fcyenteen hundred, fays Dionyf. Kjti>. The numbei 
 of Cities and Towns according to tie.vtrette are thus, 
 148 Cities of the firll Rank called Fu, 239 of the 
 fecond Rank called Cheu, 1 1 49 of the third Rank 
 named Hitu ; 1 1 Cities of Soldiers where thofe Mi- 
 litary Men live, who have Lands Alfigncd for their 
 Maintainance, 493 Caftleson the Sea Coaft, ivhere- 
 of fome are extream large and populous, 191 o Bo- 
 roughs on the Coall, equivalent to Towns, as the Ca- 
 ftlcs ate to Cities. And the Boroughs and Villages all 
 round the Country are innumerable, and exceeding 
 Populous. Le Comfte fiys, there are 1 000 Fortreil^i 
 of the firft Rank, but -hat the reft are net centidera- 
 ble ; the Fortified Towns (except on the Frontiers of 
 Taitai/) being ftronger than others only in Situation 
 and Garrifon. Note, in this Account many Citie« 
 are included that pay no Tribute to the Emptror, bat 
 are Governed by their own Lords or Petty Kings, 
 whereof here are 31 that arc independent of the 
 Court, except in Homage, &'. The number of Fa- 
 milies in the Kingdom ( extliding SoWiers, Womenj 
 Children, and all that don't pay Taxes) is reckoned 
 11)01871, and including the Army and otfaen, th« 
 Numberof Males is ;9788364. The Army esnfift* 
 T a af 
 
 
 ■i« 
 
 •■\^ . 
 
 ^ 
 a 
 
HO 
 
 CHINA. 
 
 •Il: 
 
 1 
 
 of 901054 to (?u»rd the Frontiers, with 989167 Hor- 
 fes always ready for Auxiliary Forces; «iid 76797° 
 Men in Gitrifons, but the greater part ot thefc have 
 other Occupations, and inough lifted is Soldiers, 
 txercife their refpedlive Trades. Other Horresmain- 
 tained by the King for his Troops, or for Polts and 
 McfTcngeri on publick Occafions, S64900. Publick 
 Inns or Places of Entertainment for the Mandarins 
 and others that Travel 00 the King's account, con- 
 veniently feated all o\cr the Empire, ti4V Large 
 litrks conftantly employed in fjringing Provilioiu, 
 Silks and Neceflaries ftom the Southern Provinces 
 to the Court at Pr V". 9999- ^^^^ ^i" ""^ "'^'^ ""°" 
 fher, becaufc this makes a greater found than ten 
 thoufand would. There are 331 famous Bridges 
 ovet the Rivers, not much inferior to that I have 
 ipokf n ofj fays my Author, and that he tells us is 
 buiit of White Marble ioo Geometrical Paces 
 (on^; .vni 8 broad, fupportcd by n Arches, exceeding 
 well wrought with 140 Marble Pillars upon it, 
 luhofe intcr'fticcs arc filled with Tables of Marble 
 and fcrve as a Rail ; fevcral other Ornaments to it of 
 Matblc Carvings he defcribcs, too long here to men- 
 tion. Not far from this Bridge there is another of 
 25 Archcj, of admirable Sttudlure alfo. Both thcfe 
 arc in the Province of PcJtim, and the former of them 
 which had flood looo Years, was broke down in the 
 Yfar 1688. by an Inundation. The lame Author 
 tells us there arc 171 publick Libraries, a vaft number 
 ot Dodors and Men of Learning ; j^oooo Bonzi's or 
 Friflts; and jo-jfi Men and 208 Women remcmbcr'd 
 in their Calendar as Heroes and Saints. 
 
 Hiving thus given youthe general view of China 
 (lomMi^^aillitnsanAleCompte, we will now for more 
 particular information inlargc a little out of Navarette, 
 Dionifm, KjtoinA others. 
 
 Cbinn, is fo exceeding Populous fays K'o, that 
 tbcy are not to be reckoned by Thoufands but Mil- 
 lions, for not only the Cities, but even the Towns 
 
 . M\A Villages arc crowded with Inhabitants, and the 
 Ri.ads as well as Street^; are continually full of P.-if- 
 fcnger.s 'Tis contiilcntly averred by the Inhabi- 
 tants, and even believed by the Jefuits, that there 
 aie not leA than eight Millions of Souls in KJanmiii, 
 <lie Capital of Saml^in; and although that be reck- 
 oned the larecft City, yet there arc many others that 
 might be thought the biggeft in the World. The 
 buildings in the Cities ;'as tar as 1 can learn from 
 'I'ravcilersj ate of Bnck neat and well adorned, but 
 'Uv Houles arc not high, being of one or but two 
 ■Stories at moft, and yet one Houfc ordinarily 
 entertains thtce or four j nay, fomctimes five or fix 
 Families. The Streets arc ulually fair and (Iraight, 
 and the publick Buildings (lately enough : in every 
 principal City there is a Palace, for the Vice-Roy, 
 vjovernour or Mandarin, a publick Inn for thofe that 
 Travel on the Kings account, and as Navarette fays, 
 there is in every Metropolis one Tower of nine Story 
 
 'high, and another ot fevcn ; which feems to be 
 tinly for Ornament, or at moft to afford a view 
 from it of the adjacent Country : that at NamJ(ii 
 which is Crufted with Porcelain, is very beauti- 
 ful and fpokcn of by all Travellers. 
 
 The People in their Temper are addi£led to Study, 
 Trade, Mechanick Arts and Induftry in general, 
 .wherein Cheating may be included. But are no 
 ways to be afplaudtdfor Courage; the Armies have 
 always been large, no lefs than a Million being em- 
 ployed in guarding the great Wall, and perhaps dou- 
 Lle that Number elfewhere were kept in Pay, but yet 
 
 in all the quarrels with thcTnrtars, they were never 
 able to do more than defend their own Countrey. 
 They are excclfivc vain, and cftccm thcmfelvci 
 the only wife People in the Univcrfc. They arc 
 wonderfully ceremonious in their Vifits .iiid Com- 
 plement', the form of a Vifu is fct down by iVct/j. 
 rcitf, Kj'D and others, but is ■ -o tcdiciis to rcpcic 
 here. And as ihofc Authors tei, us, the civility is fo 
 univcrfal, that even Villages and Boors are Maitcrs 
 of it. The ("iteat Men are fond of Learning, and 
 value themfclvcs much upon Knowledge, which is 
 fo far imitated by the lower Degrees, that even the 
 Tradefmen have ever a Book before them at Icifure 
 Hours. The Merchants are acivil fort of People, and 
 arc ready to Deal upon the leart Profit, rather than 
 loofe a Cuftomer. Formerly they were forbid to 
 Trade to Foreign Parts, but Covctoufncfs has over- 
 come that law, and the dcfire of Wealth, which 
 reigna with the Cliinefc to the laft Degree, makes 
 them purchafe LiccnI'c to go to Jupnn, the Phi^ipim 
 Iflands, Syitm, Hntf.via and other Neiglibourini; 
 Countries.The Mcchantcks arc ingenious and perform 
 curious Works, befidcs all the common Arts foi 
 making Utcniils ; thcv have thoufands of pretty 
 Toy?, more curioufly wrought than wc ran imagine. 
 The wrought Silks, Cabinets and Porcelain, arc fuf- 
 ficient Proofs to us at this great diftance, that they 
 are no bunglers, except in Painting. The Husbatid- 
 men are mightily extolled by Snvniettc for their 
 Care, Induftry and Neatnefs, their Lands are fully 
 cuhivated, and their Grounds kept clean from Wccdj. 
 The Soil ii fo good, that in molt parts they have two 
 Crops of Rice, one in June, and the other in Dc- 
 cember, befidcs a Crop of Vetches, Beans, Wheat or 
 other Grain between ; the Humane as well as all 0- 
 ther Dung is daily colledlcd in Tubs in all the Cities, 
 by Perfons who make a livelihood of felling it to the 
 Peafants. 
 
 I find Lands arc enjoyed in Property here, not 
 at the difpolal of the Prince as in Indiit, for N*!- 
 vnrctte tells us , the Husbandmen are generally 
 but poor People, who Farm the Land of the Ixjvd, 
 at the rate of half the Crop, out of which the 
 Landlord pays the Taxes, as the Tenant out 
 of his hall, pays the Tillage and M.inure. 
 
 As to the Learning and Virtue of the Chimfis, 
 1 do not find reafun to extol them, fo much ,is 
 Sir H'iUi.im Temple .ind fonie of the Jefuits wouli 
 have us ; their Science is certainly very Superficial, 
 for all the deep parts of Learning, and fo thorough 
 a Knowledge of things, as is necellary to afcertain 
 Truth they are utter Strangers to. And as to their 
 Virtue, I do not find by thole very Icfuits, but 
 that it confifts more in Speculation than Pradticc. 
 The Morals of Ccnfuciui they brag much otf, srd 
 theirHiftories arefull ofinflanccs of the great Vir- 
 tue of their Prince*, Mandarins, &c. whereof N«- 
 vaiette has made a large Colledlion, but many of 
 them are Hyperbolical, and give rcafon enough to 
 fufpetft, that rofterity made thofe fine Stories of 
 their Anceffors. 'Tis true, there is a Face of much 
 Virtue and cxad Juftiae in the Adminidration of 
 their Government, and in the difpofing of Offices, 
 and yet for all that, Ic Compte tells us, the great ones 
 are the moft covetous Men in the World, and do 
 nothing mthout Bribery. And that the leffer Ranks 
 arefo much addided to Cheating, that they deceive 
 your very fight, and deliver painted Blocks to the 
 buyers for Hams of Bacons, and Chelfs filled with 
 Brick-bracks inftead of Porcelain. That their inven- 
 tion 
 
C H I N J. 
 
 tior. and Genius is not over penetrating, appears 
 plainly from the one nutabic inftancc of the multi- 
 tude of CharaiiK'rs they ule in Writing, which as wc 
 have laid arc S4409 tn Numlicr, whereby the Know- 
 ledge of fhem is made the Study of a Life almoll. 
 Now to fay nothing of the inronvcnicncc, how 
 much Icfs ingenious is that than ihc manner of F.u- 
 repe/ins, who by 14 or rather i6Charadlfrsonly, arc 
 able to exprefs all manner of Words that can be pro- 
 nourKcd. 
 
 The Chineje differ from the other Afntkkj in 
 this, that they ufe Chairsand lie noton the Ground ; 
 and have fine Beds and Couches They arc exrel- 
 lively guilty of Gaming, wherein they fpend whoie 
 Days, and loofc immcnic Sums. 
 
 At Fcait^ the Tabks arc plentifully fpread with 
 Muiruudcs of Diflies, wherein Oogs Flelh among 
 others IS a common Food. They ufe no Knives, 
 Fnrks or Napkins, I ut the Meat being ferved up 
 in finall Morfcis, a pair of fmall Sticks ot Wood or 
 Fvoryisgiu'n toevery one, with which hcFeedshim- 
 fclf, without touching the Meat with his Fingers, 
 and they do this with great Dexterity. They Aft'cdl 
 a fcrious gravity at Table, and arcfcldoin '.iuoxica- 
 ted, although the Cup goes briskly round, for there 
 is but little tilled at a time, and withal the Wine is 
 fmall- At Feafts 'tis ordinary to entertain thcGuclh 
 with Tumblers and Sports, and the lietter fort give 
 a Play, which is Adecl before them, by Setts of Play- 
 ers, who arc ready at call, and prefent a Collcilioii 
 of Comedies and Farces, out of which the principal 
 Gueft choofes that he likes, but 'tis cultomary for the 
 Gueft to make a prefent to the Players. 
 
 In Marriage the Ceremonies and Pomp are 
 great ; the young couple are joined without previous 
 Acquaintance, the bargain being made by the Pa- 
 rents, wherein Prefents are made on both fides but 
 the Bride brings no Dower, the Husband rather pur- 
 chafing his Wife. The Wives ate fecluded from the 
 fight of all Men, but their own Husbands, and are 
 Divorced upon Mifdeameanuur. The Men com- 
 monly kicp Concubinis. but the Wife is Miftrcfs of 
 the Family, and Uicfc muft fcrve lur. The Women 
 in general never appear in the Streets, and in palfing 
 from place to place, ate always conveyed in covered 
 Coaches or Sedans. 
 
 Funernl Solcmnitiei arc alfo Pompous, and the 
 Mournings very long and fcvere. Children at the 
 Death of^a Parent arc not permitted the ule of a Bed 
 for an hundred Days, during all which time, they 
 lye on the Earth with Teats, lamenting their lofs ■ 
 They are forbid Matrimonial enjoyment for three 
 Years, and fhut upthemfelves from all Converfation 
 for at leaft one whole Year. A Wife keeps a rigid 
 Mourning three Years for her Husband, and a 
 Husband one Year for his Wife, which is alfo the u- 
 fual Term of Mourning for other Relations. The 
 Piety of Children of this kind is very great, and 
 even the Emperor himfelf excvcifcd it in the moft 
 Rigid manner at the Death of his Grandmother, 
 whofe Funeral is particularly defcribcd by Father 
 Bouvet. 
 
 Many Feftiv/ili are obferved in Chiv/t, that. of the 
 New Year, and the other called the Lantern Feift, at 
 the Full Moon after it, are the chief. Atthofe times 
 there is the utraoft jollity for three D.iys together ; 
 and in the latter all the Houfes are illuminated with 
 Candles in wonderful fine Lanterns, vi/hcrein every 
 one cndoavouring to exceed bit Ncighboui, they make 
 « very fine (how. 
 
 141 
 
 ving 
 
 Altho' the Cliineff, according to the Divftrinc of 
 the Venerable Cnnfi.ciui, believe in one God the Cre- 
 ator of the World, and acknowledge .1 Future .Srate, 
 yet the IdoKitry of Indi.t has been long fmcc intro- 
 duced among them, and they pay as much Wor- 
 Ihip to the hideous Imngesthey fet up, and believe 
 as ridiculous Legends as the MUm do. Tis true, 
 this is reckoned but a Seft of them, but then that 
 Sedisfo numerous, that their Temples appear in all 
 parts of the Empire, infumuch that a Stranger can 
 judge no lefs, than that it is the National Reli- 
 gion. Mahometijm is alfo fpread among them, and 
 tis judtjed there arc not lefs than 500 thoufand of 
 that Opinion in Clmi. And the number of Chrifti- 
 ans is very confiderable, for as /.' Compte alTures us, 
 there are above 100 Churches and Chappels Confe- 
 craied, and there are Annually baptized above 4000 
 Children. And Kjto computes, that the number of 
 Chriftians is at leaft loo thoufand. The prefent (if 
 he be ftill living) Emperor Chiang, has been very in- 
 dulgent to them, and publilhed'an Edidt in 1692, 
 whereby free Liberty was given to any one of 
 his SubjetJls to embrace the Faitli, and be Bap- 
 tized. 
 
 Fci-Ui and not Vitat, as fome relate, was the Name 
 of the firft King of China, whofe Reign their Chro- 
 nology reckons to be above 4500 Years ago. Dur- 
 ing all which time, there hasbeen a Succcdion of the 
 Gnvcrnireut under 12 Families, who produced 2j8 
 Emperors. 
 
 The prefent Prince is of a Tijrr.ir Family. De- 
 fcended from XunM, who obtained the Crown 
 of China, in the Year 1645. in the followii 
 manner. 
 
 S^ungchi, the Reigning Emperor at that time, had 
 lived a Supine and Lazy Life in the Palace, furround- 
 ed by Eunuchs and Women, and left the Govern- 
 ment ro the fole Management of others. Whereby 
 a general Defedion was bred in the minds of his 
 Subjetfts, andaRebelor Robber as Kwarette calls 
 him, who fet himfelf up, grew formidable e- 
 nough to overthrow the Government. This Rebels 
 Name was Lichuant ; he began his Rebellion in Xen/i 
 which Province he loon made himfelf Mafter of, and 
 thereby encreafing his Forces, overpowred other Pro- 
 vinces,and was advanced almoft to thcWallsof/H'OT, 
 before the Emperor ever heard of him. The PufiUa- 
 nimous Emperor was fo frighted at the Danger, that 
 he never attempted tooppole it, but having firft killed 
 his Wife and Children, retired into the innermoft 
 part of the Palace, and hanged himfelf on a Tree. 
 Whereby the Conqueror had free Accfs, and imme- 
 diately feized all the Wealth oft he Pj lace j v»hich was 
 fo very great, that although he en ployed Horfes , 
 Carts, Camels and all means of Carriiige, hcwasfivc 
 Days, fome fay eight, in carrying off tiic Goid, Sil- 
 ver, Jewels, an(» ?, 'aluable Goods, and y;' left a 
 greiit Wealth \p ' .eafury, which the Tartf af- 
 
 terwards feized. »..t/-j/4n^ had thereby Polfefliwi of 
 the Government. But giddy with Power, he ufcd it 
 Unskilfully, as well as Tyrannically ; for he put di- 
 vers of the Nobility to Tormenting Deaths: and a- 
 mong the reft,the Father of Oufangtii, the Crown Ge- 
 neral,becaufe the Son, who at that time commanded at 
 the Great Wall, would not not come into his Party. 
 This fo enraged the General, that he refolved to Re- 
 venge it, antl at any rate to pull down this Tyrant. 
 
 OttfaHgtit, 
 
 • -V^.J- 
 
 !. 'I til 
 
 ■ ' '111 '• \W\:i 
 
 :;;*. 
 
 t '' 
 
in 
 
 142 
 
 CHINA 
 
 I" 1 
 
 ■ 
 
 OuJaHitii, Zfitigiii or yii-Sj>'(juei, for by all tlicfe 
 Nan-es ituHl hifli written, in purfiiing his Revenge 
 and in cnJcavouriug to rclcafc his Country from Sla- 
 very, coiDmutcdtbcgieaicn piece of falfe Policy that 
 couitJ br, for lo adure bimfeif of Force enough, lie 
 invitcil till: \,vi£n {ion\Lcaiitum to AiCft hini ; thcle 
 were the old Enemia of China, and therefore (houlJ 
 ncvir have been introduced, but Rcveii{{c overcome 
 Policy, andibc Geocral brou(sli( >n 7 or iooo'Unari 
 (o Rcmfotco bis Army : and with chem attacking the 
 IJdiiper, obtained fo Signal a Vidory, ihu Lichuang 
 who fled to I't V'", lud only time to carry off his belt 
 Effcdi and fet Fire to the Falacc, and then HcJ to 
 the reisotcr Provinces. The (Jencral unwiftly left 
 the T.irrjM at I'ek^iw, andhimfelf purfued the Enemy, 
 but returning Vidutiou.>, was futprized to find the 
 Tj)f4/ on the Throne. 
 
 Xumhi, the Commander of the 'Titnar Army, was 
 in his fitft Eftatc Prince of a Nation of Eaftern Tnr- 
 t*ri called Mamichemi. This PriiKe finding Cliina in 
 fo dillrafled a Sute, and himfelf in Pofliffion of 
 the Capital Ciiy and Palace, and having as we 
 luppofe Rcinfoued hi'; Army by luppljes {lomTaria- 
 >;■, was tcinptcd to fet up for Emperor, and accord- 
 ingly fo declared himfelf. And to mike the General 
 raf), )!a^e him the Province of Tunncn, with theTi- 
 ileoi King. He was fain to Temporize, and accept 
 <i{ it for the prefciit, but after a few Years time, he 
 let up a^.iinf) the I'.aM', and took upon himfelf the 
 Title of Emperor, by the Name of yU Singqucii. 
 He maiiiraincd lOng and vigorous War, and conquered 
 half thc£mpire ; but after his Death the Stream 
 turned the other way, jind the Tinrnr in fojne Years 
 reduced all the Kingdom to his Obedience, ?.nd put 
 all the Children and Relations of Vjanguci to 
 Death. 
 
 XiinJji, the ftrfi Emperor of the prefent Tartar 
 Race, cn)0>ed not many Years the Ttuooe of China, 
 but Dying, left his Son of fix Yews old to the Pro- 
 te>5fion of his Brother /tmnvMi ; that Prince coura- 
 giouily reduced the Provinces, while hi.s Nephew 
 was ihll a Mtnut, and then honourably delivered 
 him the Empire alfcon as he came to Age. c.IumM, 
 or .\/.r.f/,i H. as others write it, as that Emperor was 
 named, enjoyed the Crown not many Yeats after, 
 for be Dyed iu i66i. leavit^ his Soil Changi z Mi- 
 nor, of but eight Years of Age. The former part of 
 this Princes Reign was iroublefome in Wars and Civil 
 Conimotions, but he had the good Fcuttune to fur- 
 inonnc them all, and Reigned Peaceably when our 
 Uli Adv ices came from thence. His Son and Heir it 
 named llvaigfjjijf, and was a hopeful Gentleman at 
 i8 Years of Age. He may peihaps be jiow on the 
 Throne, for our lafl AccQuni; are at kaft i o Yewt 
 old. 
 
 Of tbe Splendor this &^iucb a|>{>eais in, and of 
 the form of bis Government we have already fpoken, 
 and ne>;d only add out of Navt/cite that the Petty 
 Kings who attend him, lib often mentioned by le 
 Conif/c, arc mo/ljy Titular only, and have no Do- 
 minion. And that the Emperor keeps 6000 Horfesia 
 his Stab'cs and 24 Elephanu. But liiac the Guard of 
 ^ Palace is oop fo large as 10000 Men isconunonly 
 reported. 
 
 And having now we think given our Reader ai 
 largo a view of Lbim in gemraiashe can txotiQi, we 
 tfiail proceed to (he particular Ocfciiptiop of its Pio- 
 vinces. 
 
 C H I N A is divided into 1 % Province}, whidi from 
 North CO South appear thus. 
 
 Chief Cities according to Di<m)f.K/u. 
 PEKIM. 
 
 XANTUM 
 
 or 
 
 XANTUNG. 
 
 XANSI. 
 
 XENSI. 
 
 HONAN. 
 
 NANGKING. 
 
 CHEKIAM. 
 KIAMSI. 
 
 HUQ.UAM. 
 
 SUCHOEN. 
 
 QUEICHEU. 
 
 YUNNAN. 
 
 QUAMSI. 
 FOKIEN. 
 
 (Pekim or Xuntien. 
 ^Junging. Chindini. 
 (Jiu$4mfiHt, &C. 
 
 (S^inan. Juncheu. 
 ^ungchnng- Cincheii, 
 iTtHlchti. Laichcu. 
 
 Ihajni. Pmiti. 
 npani, &C. 
 
 
 {Silan. ^unnint, 
 Hangchunt, &C. 
 
 iSchaifuni. Quimt, 
 iHinite, &c. 
 
 (N/ingking Or Kjamnin. 
 i^uclme or Chieuchtn. 
 (I^iendieu, 8(c. 
 
 fUamcheu. Nimpe. 
 yUcheii, *C. 
 
 {NanchanC- Kji'cheu, 
 Nanbant, kc. 
 
 {yiichant, Hanjani^ 
 Huanicheu. 
 
 JCbinti 
 Xunli! 
 
 ^tan. 
 
 iQu'yang. Gangxun", 
 ^J'ui'ven, &c. 
 
 tTumnn. Quontfi. 
 Xl^aihoa, &c. 
 
 » Qutin^ditu or Canton, 
 jNan^iang, 8:c. 
 S Hainan Ifland. 
 
 l.Vacao Ifland. 
 
 fFochtii. ^livcmheu'. 
 \uinghoa, OK. 
 \Quemoj IlUnd, 
 CFornu/a Ifland. 
 
 LEAOTUM. {Jg;L.'^:j^ 
 COREAIllind jrK/M'. Pi^tong. 
 
 { 
 
 Hienkitu, &C. 
 
 PEKIM or Pekin>„ the chief Province ofthe Empire 
 at prefeat, as beirgtk* feat of the Monarch, is the 
 moilN. Pan of Cjm within the great Wall, bound- 
 ed on the North )y that Walt, which divides it from 
 Tartar;/, on tbe£;>uth by the Province of Honan, on 
 tbe Eaft by the Cuipli urBay called the Cani'Sea, on 
 the South Eafl by tbe Province of Xantum, on tbe 
 Weft by the Province of Xanfi. In which fitua- 
 tiqn it extends from the 36ih to the 41 D(g> of Lat. 
 
 Tile 
 
 ^e Land is ( 
 Barren, by R 
 
 Sandy Plains. 
 the Winter, i 
 Dry North ' 
 Tartar;/, that 
 
 time to Heat 
 ninefmallerPi 
 (Jriifli Depend 
 the adjundlof 
 have the Title 
 Cities bear th( 
 ons are obferv 
 The firll whicl 
 liom, is 
 
 Ptk}n>, or '.i 
 
 Name of the < 
 
 the former bci 
 
 has refidcd hen 
 
 diftindlion froi 
 
 whence the Ri 
 
 300 Years ago, 
 
 belides Suburb; 
 
 may be now ca 
 
 Jy iiiliahited b) 
 
 Race of Kiuj^i 
 
 it and driven c 
 
 joining on thi 
 
 Clineje. 1 he 
 
 and Populoufnt 
 
 knowledge it e: 
 
 built that canbi 
 
 and the Streets 
 
 and fo crofs wa 
 
 middle, and i 
 
 long, and abov 
 
 the Suburbs an< 
 
 Square or 14 
 
 thick and high 
 
 diOanccs, and c 
 
 dry Ditch : Tl 
 
 the South, and 
 
 are very large, 
 
 pearing like Ca 
 
 and on the Sout 
 
 ther very largt 
 
 The Chineje Ci' 
 
 to theTrtrf^rC 
 
 on the Weft, it 
 
 with Walls and 
 
 alfo lie in Pai 
 
 ways; So that 
 
 Cities and thee 
 
 edatlea(t25 N 
 
 Cities are low, 
 
 with glazed Ti 
 
 though the Fur 
 
 neat enough. 
 
 and all NcccfT 
 
 the only Incon 
 
 which makes t! 
 
 ftyin theSumn 
 
 palling to and 
 
 flreat Men ha^ 
 
 to make way : 
 
 nf Inhabitants i 
 
 incredible, if v 
 
 the Court and ', 
 
 vail Empire, it 
 
 Oficers and 
 
 \, 
 
CHINA. 
 
 ^e Land is Champaign and Arabic, buc fomewluc 
 Barren, by Krafon of much gravelly Soil aod fomc 
 Sandy Plains. The Air is Healthy but very cold in 
 the Winter, for ic is fo cifedlually chilled by the 
 Dry North Wind, corning over the vaft Land of 
 TaiiJ'y, that tlic Sun has not force enough at that 
 time to Heat it. This Province is fubdivided into 
 nine fmaller Provinces, ot great Cities with the Di- 
 flriilli Dependant on them; tbefe large Cities bear 
 ihe adjundlof t.i, a fecond Rankfiibordinate to them 
 have the Title t'i CLtu, and a third Rank of fmallcr 
 Cities bear the Surname of Him. Which Appellati- 
 ons arc obferved in all the Provinces of the tmpiic. 
 The firit which is aifo the principal City of theKtng- 
 iom, is 
 
 Pck't", or :iiintien-Fii which is the ancient and true 
 Kame of the City, and (ignifies Obedifnt to lie/ivm, 
 the former being made ufe of only (incc the King 
 has refided h*rc, and (ignifies the Northern Com r, in 
 diftiniftion froin A'dni^iw^ the Southern Cfmt, from 
 whence the Royal Scat was removed hither, about 
 300 Years ago. Peliitn confifts of two larpc Cities, 
 bdidcs Suburbs, that is to fay, the Old City, which 
 may be now called the Tartar City, bccaufe it is whol- 
 ly inhabited by that Nation, who ever fince the T/ir/jr 
 Rare of Kin;?s have polfelTed the Throne, have filled 
 it and driven out the Chinrfe: and the new City ad- 
 joining on the South lidc to the old built for the 
 Clineje, 1 he whole makes a I'lacc of that Extent 
 and Populoufnefs, that the h'rench Millioiarics ac- 
 knowledge it exceeds I't'is, and is the moft regularly 
 built that can be imagined, being an cxadl Square ; 
 and the Streets in Parallel Lines from North to South, 
 and fo crofs ways j the Emperor's Court ftands in the 
 middle, and is an oblong Square of two Miles 
 long, and above a Mile broad : The old City befldeg 
 the Suburbs and the Chinrfe City, is about a League 
 Square or 14 Miles about, furroundcd with very 
 thick and high Walls, befet with Towers at fniall 
 diftanccs, and entrenched with a very broad and deep 
 dry Ditch : The Gates are nine in number, three on 
 the South, and two on each of the other fides j and 
 arc very large, high and magnificent Structures, ap- 
 pearing like Caftles : At each Gate there is a Suburb, 
 and on the South fide the Chinrfe Ciiy, which is ano- 
 ther very large Town of a Mile and half Square ; 
 The Chlneje City joins in a manner, on the North fidf 
 to the T(ir/4rOty, and on the other fides, efpccially 
 on the Weft, it has large Suburbs. It is farrounded 
 with Walls and has fevcn Gates. The Streets here 
 alfo lie in Parallel Lines quite erofs the City both 
 ways: So that upon the whole, confidering thctwo 
 Cities and the many Suburbs, I'rkim mzy be reckon- 
 ed at leaft 25 Miles in Compafs ; The Houfes in both 
 Cities are low, but well built of Brick, and covered 
 with glazed Tiles, which glitter with the Sun : and 
 though the Furniture be ordinary, they are generally 
 neat enough. The Streets are tilled with Shops, 
 and all l^-cefTaries are every where to be bought ; 
 the only Inconvenience is, that they arc not paved, 
 which makes them very dirty in the Winter, and du- 
 fty in iheSummer. The Croud of People continually 
 palTingto and fro is fo grear, that the Mandarins aod 
 Great Men hav ordinarily a Servant riding before 
 to make way: Vizherle Comfte judges the number 
 of Inhabitants arc two Millions. This is iwt at all 
 incredible, if wc conlider that this being the Seat of 
 the Court and Suprcam Tribnnals which Govern this 
 vail Empire, it muit needs be continually filled with 
 Oficrrs and other Attendants on AfTaiis of Stat% 
 
 H3 
 
 I aw or other Bufinels. But that which is more fur- 
 prizing is, that Hamcheu and many other Cities are 
 near as large and populous as this, and Sjiil^ing much 
 more large. And that, as Father le Comftc ixpreflc* 
 it, One is hardly out of a City which one would think 
 the largcft in the Kingdom, but you are in another 
 as large ; fo opulent and numerous are the Cities of 
 Chinn. This City is fcated in a Plain, near the Fooi 
 of the Mountains, in the 40th Dej^. of Lat. at the 
 diftinccof 100 Miles to the South irom the lo much 
 cflebrawd Wall of Chirirt, and 70 from the Gulph 
 of \aiik<"g- The Walls arc of fo great a Breadth, 
 that twelve Horfcs may run a-brcaft, on rhe top ( f 
 them J built of Back, upon a Foundation of hiip« 
 Stones, and arefaid to exceed in heighih thofeol iln; 
 moft conlidcrablc Places in /;m>^^s; a \aftGarrifoii is 
 coiiftantly maintained for their Defence; and the 
 Guards ftridtly kept in time of Peace as War. All 
 manner of Rarities, Merchandizti and Treafures of 
 the Indlei are tranfported hither ; fo that every thing 
 is cheap, noiwiihltanding the vaft Multitude ot the 
 Inhabitants. Several thoufandsot Ruyal Ships, bc- 
 fidesthofcof private Perfons arc continually eniploy- 
 td in furnifhing this Court with all forts of Provifi- 
 ons nccclfary tor the fupport of Hainan I ifc, or for 
 Pleafure And the whole Work is performed with a 
 great deal of cafe, by the means ot the Rivers and 
 Channels which thcChittiJcj have every where made 
 Nsvigable. Iniomuch, that although this City ftands 
 in a Barren and Dcfart Country, yet it may well 
 bf ftyled The Coiniicepia of Ch\ni; wBich undoubt- 
 edly gave rife to a Proverb among them, That ai nc- 
 ■ '<ir.^ grovts in Pekim, Jo neither is an;/ thing wanting. 
 1 he other chief Cities of this Province are Jun- 
 Sing-Fii, which hath 6 other Cities under her Com- 
 mand. Cljindint-Fu, which prcfidesovcr 16 Cities. 
 iiuoamp$ng-Fny whofe Jurifdiaion reaches over 6 Ci- 
 ties. Thiemming-Fu, ischiefof Jl Cities. Funning- 
 Fii, which Roverns 6 Cities. Hokirn.Fu 7. Pacding- 
 Fu I o. and Xuntc-Fu hath 9 inferior Cities. All 
 thefe eight arc large and populous Cities, .ind 1 6 
 of the others are of the fecond Rank called ( heu, 
 which according to the common accounts are ac Icaft 
 equal to the belt of our Towns. 
 
 XANTUM or Xantimg, i$ the next Province to 
 Peliim on the South Eaft, having the Sea Coaft on 
 the North and Eaft, Pekim on the Weft, and Nan^l^iH 
 on the South, its Extent is about 200 Miles from 
 Eaft to Weft, and 150 from North to South. The 
 Latii. between 36 and 39. The Soil is fo fenil in 
 Corn and Fruits, that one Years Crop is fufficien: 
 for fcveral Years Food. Pulfe, Filh and Cattle ate 
 alfo plenty, and Silk is found here in great quantity. 
 This Province is much infefted with Robbers, who 
 herd together in great Bodies. Six great Cities di- 
 vide it into fo many parts, under whom are i 5 of 
 the Cities called Cheu, and 89 of the Icffer Raiik 
 called f/fVn. The fix principal ones are as follows. 
 
 j^inan-Fu. which hath under its Jtirifdiiflion 4 
 leffer called Clieii, and 1 6 of thofc named Hic», and 
 thofe have yet 10 more under their Diredtion. Jirw- 
 cheu-Fu, which hath 14 of Cheu, and 13 of Hien 
 under his Jurifdidtion. Tungchang-Fu, which prcCdes 
 over three Cities of Cheu and 1 5 of Hint. Cincbeu- 
 Fu hath 14 Cities Chcuzni 14 Him fubordinatc to 
 it. Tengcbeu-Fii, has the Government of ore City 
 denominated Cheu, and 7 of thofe called Hien. And 
 Laicheu-Fu, which hath Dominion over two Cities 
 Cheu, and fevcn of Hien. There are many fmall 
 
 Iflandi 
 
 ■fi 
 
 'f'%'^ 
 
 'm '. 
 
m- 
 
 mi 
 
 'it • ' 
 'I ,- 
 
 li! 
 
 1 1; 
 "ii 
 
 Iflands on the Coaft that are reckoned part of this 
 Province, the principal whereof are named Fcnxv, 
 \amucn and lenhcng. The Rivet Luen which rhey 
 pretepd has mitaculous Virtues runs thro' this Pro- 
 vince. 
 
 The Province of XANSI lyes on the Weft of 
 Ptkjm, extending from the great Wall on the North 
 to the Frontiers of Honan on the South, having the 
 River Hcang or Yellow River on the Weft, whicli 
 divides it from Xcnfi. According to Dion-/]. Km, 
 this River iioung runs throuj,'n the middle of this 
 Province, and not Coaft its Bounds, as the Maps ic- 
 preftnt it. The Country here is very Mountainous, 
 mdyet theSoilisFettil, producing cfpecially plenty 
 of delicious Grapes. The Airis healthy, and the In- 
 habitants numerous. Six large Cities of thefort £1:- 
 nominated F«, may be faiJ to divide it into fo many 
 part?, rhcfe are Thayen-Fu, Pame-Fu, Pinglang-Fii, 
 SUgiti.g-Fii, I'liiicleh-Fu and Taiting-Fu. Subordinate 
 to wihich are eleven Cities fiirnamed Cbeu and 95 
 Hien 
 
 On the Weft of Xanf, lyes XENSI, the Jargeft 
 Province oiCLiria, and hadformerly three Viceroys, 
 although now but one. It extends from thcji Deg, 
 of l.atit. to the great Wall, having Titrtary on the 
 Weft and Nurth, and Suchutn on the South ; .ind ac- 
 cording to A^.10 is 400 Miles long, and 3^0 broad. 
 ThcSoilhere is very Fertile, the Pafturi-j elpccially 
 prr .jce \aft Herds of Kinc, and large Flocks of 
 Sheep J the Creature alfo that yields Musk is found 
 in this Country. But here is frequent want of Rain 
 antl Locufts much iiifeft the Land. This Province 
 adjoining to Thibtt which extends to the MoguCt 
 F.mpire, there is an intcrcourfc and commerce with 
 the Merchants of thofc Countries at its City Zjtn- 
 iii'ig, which makes that a place of great Trade. 
 And by this Commerce it fcems the Mahometan Reli- 
 gion has crept into Chiiij, and fpread about in all its 
 parts. In iliis Province are tight large Cities, vvhich 
 have 1 16 fmaller under their Jurifdidion. The 
 Names of the fix principal ones iTeSigati-l'ii, a very 
 large and fine City, even three Leagues in Circumfe- 
 rence as fomc Authors report, furrounded with Walls, 
 Ditches aitd Bulwarks and guarded by a large Gar- 
 tifoii of T(»»-/ciSoldieis. (Near this City there is 
 abundance cf Salt Earth, which being boiled yields a 
 Noiy good white Salt : and at a Town not far from it. 
 the ! and after Rain Spews forth a 1-ioth, which is an 
 eiccllent Soap : the fame Ground yields alfo Salt and 
 S;iit pctie. {S-tviiciic'i Ilai:ehiiiit-Fii, FiwgiMg^-Fii, 
 l'iiiiliai,i-Fii, I.inxiii-Fu, l''tchang- Fi/ , Hingttng-Fu, 
 .ind Siiigiin-hi. In the Year 1615. there was dug up 
 neai .9/h^jm-Fu a Monumental MaibleTable. 10 Foot 
 loni} and ^ Foot 1 road, on the top whereof was en- 
 graven a Crofs, and below it an Infcription, partly 
 inC'iMf/'Charaders, and partly in S;r/4i;(;, wherein 
 the Mcllias is mentioned, importing that an Angrl 
 brought the tidings of his coming, and that Olopouen 
 came from Jutiti:, and preached in China, where he 
 was favoured by the then Emperor, &c. the Copy of 
 this Infcription is extant in Kj> dm' s China iliuftrf.tn, 
 and the Story told at large by le Compte. 'Tis faid, 
 this Monument is prelcrved in a Pagode made 
 b) the Emperors Command, ar.d is made ufe of 
 by fnme, as an Argument to prove that St. Thtmut 
 pleached bete. 
 
 CHINA 
 
 The Province of HONAN iycg between Xanf, mi 
 Pet{im on the North, Senji on the Weft, anj ,v.,„,/,,„ 
 onthcEaft, between the Lat. of j? and ^7. This 
 is reckoned the middle of China ; the Soil is a flat 
 Land well watered with Rivulets, and Is ^ cry fruit- 
 ful in Rice and other Corn, the Air temperate and 
 the whole Country fo abounding with delightful 
 plenty of all things, as to be efteemed a Paradilc. 
 And was therefore fome time honoured with the 
 Royal prefencp at Schaifung-Fu which is the Capital 
 of the Province ; the old" City was dcftroyed by 
 an Inundation, occafionedby cutting tlic Banksof ilis 
 Hoang 10 remove the Rebeli-i'/jM/sn^i and the new 
 one is built oppolite to it, befideschis, there are 
 levcn other Citie"!, which have Jurifdidiori over il3 
 fmaller Cities and great Towns ; thole ieven are 
 Q^iinte-Fy, Hinde-Fu, Jecfc-Fu, ynkin^-l-u, Ihncnt- 
 Fii, Kining-Fu, and Hoj/tng-Fu. 
 
 NAN(j1NG or Namkjn, which lyes on the South 
 Eaft of the Provinces we have palfed through was 
 funiicrly the firft, and is ftill the fccond in Kai;k 
 of all the Provinces of the Kingdom, it is a large 
 Country, cxtendini; from the 30 to the -^i, Dcg. ct 
 Latit. On the Eaft the whole Coaft isw.ilhcJ by 
 •he Sea, the Northern part whereof is a Bay nia.ic 
 by this Ifland Corca, and Deiioniiiiated tloin tli;s 
 Province. The KJai^: River, whi^h as we have tolj 
 you, is one of the great Rivers of C/.j».<, n:nsthio' 
 the iniddleof the Province, and having walhtd the 
 Walls of Kjainnin, Hows Eaftward, ,!;;d talis mio 
 the Sea about 150 Miles below it. And alio the 
 Hoang, another of the principal Rivers palllsihroiigh 
 the North part, and falls into the Bay of h^.ml;in. 
 The South panof this Province is Mountainous, Ljc 
 the reft is fruitful Champaign, abounding with Silk. 
 Theconvcnienceofthe two Rivei sand the Sea-Coaft 
 creates a mighty Traffick in this Proviice, and a 
 general Fecundity and Wealth in all its parts. It's 
 capital City 
 
 Kiukfng or Kjamnin, as the Tartars have named 
 it, is the largeft and nioft populous in the whole 
 Empire, being according to /)«;/'. K^.if, 10 or 17 
 Ficnch Leagues in Circumference, and was furwcily 
 much larger, as appears by the Ruins of I's old Wall, 
 which is jo Leagues in Circuit, but although b\ ihc 
 removal of the Court, Nankji.g is much leltenid^ yi t 
 as it is, 'tisniuih larger than Pc/^m, which as «i- 
 have told you, is thought to exceed l'.i>is. Tlic 
 number of People inhabiting it, are computed to 
 be eight Millions (ays Kj:o, whereby althoii^'Ji the 
 Streets are very fpacious, they arc continually .tmv- 
 ded with Palfengers, the Streets arc clean and utat, 
 and the Shops well futnilhcd with all forts of nftfuj 
 and valuable Commodities. The River K'.:"' or 
 Tang'liii Kja>» which fignifies Son of the Sea, 11. .u a 
 dole by the City, and is two fremh Leagues Uojd 
 it is laden with innnmcrable Ships and Boats n^any 
 whereof are richly gilt, and finely furnillied with 
 Tables, Ccuches and Scats for Palfengers, bcljjcs 
 large Stowage for lading ; fo miinerous are thofe 
 Ships that the Jefuits were aftonilhed, and faid dure 
 arc enough ;.lmoft to make a Bridge to /.hi/;-. 
 One remarkable Oinimentof this City is the Poivc^ 
 laine Tower, which is nine Stones high, the outlidc 
 of the fincftPorcelaine of divers colours, and with- 
 in fide the Rojmg arefiriely Painted or Gilt, and ti:c 
 upper one efpecially is well adorned with Figures of 
 Stone . at the toji is a Spite, which renders the whole 
 StruiJluK; 1 Foothit-h. Il is an daogon of 40 
 
 Foot 
 
 
 foot Diameter 
 thought to be b 
 nitiuleas it rife 
 i fmall Stair-ca 
 ,.-. "xcellent vi 
 Ccrnpte, and Kj' 
 
 The nexi ^r 
 IS fo large, tic I 
 Man would c 
 whether Nankfr 
 One Names tl 
 Nunes that. ' 
 ' tfwMiniircsl- 
 ' of People tli.i 
 ' thcCuftoms,\ 
 ' the whole En 
 Emperors Fleet 
 trom hence to I 
 Soiitliern Provi 
 into the grand 
 iiig the Vo\ai;e 
 
 There at'.- t-A 
 wl-.ich is divide 
 liiton of thofc 
 twelve, w^. ^ 
 Sunliiani-Fii, Cl 
 Chiitgan-Fii, U 
 Kjiinhch-Fu. 
 this Province t 
 dcrable Cities. 
 
 CHEKIAM 
 
 KiniiJ" adjoini 
 Coaft on the )■ 
 on the Soutli-V 
 17 to the -j 1 U 
 Soil of Hdls, ' 
 i.v ariilicial C 
 civ(r which tl 
 Stone turioull 
 and Barks upoi 
 tntr.ible, and t 
 i<. incredible. 
 Life in abunda 
 Silk from the ii 
 Woods, as we 
 All which rend( 
 contains eleven 
 Iclfer Cities. 
 
 The Capital 
 Circumference 
 pulou', ot the 
 withov't with i! 
 crowded with 
 with Tiiumph; 
 of thefeTriutt 
 wherefore I do 
 miftakm J It 
 on a large Ri 
 Fictirh 1 eagues 
 /c Compif repoi 
 within this Pre 
 Leagues below 
 Like c)f many 
 that falls from 
 ler is conveye< 
 (lands on the S 
 a very confider 
 tor Silk carryei 
 
CHINA 
 
 H5 
 
 ^oot Diameter, it is crul\ed with Purcclain, but 
 thought to be built of Brick, i": diminiflies in Mag- 
 ritiule as it rifcs, by fettings in at every Cornilh ; 
 4 finall Stair-cafe within lidc leads to the top, \*hcre 
 4.-. "xcellcnt view is had of the whole City. {Le 
 Compte, and l(jto.) 
 
 The ncxi jreat City is Sucheu or Chiciicheu, which 
 is fu large, rich and populous, that to fee it firll, a 
 Man would conclude none could exceed ir, and 
 v.hcthcr Nanking does or no I cannot determine, for 
 One Names this as the inolt Pcpiilous as another 
 Nimcs that. ' One who has Patience to ftand but a 
 ' IfW Minutes by the Water lidc, and view theThrongs 
 ' of People tli.n come to buy Cornmoditics and pay 
 ' the Culkonis, would imagine ir to oe a Fair to which 
 ' the whole Ein|>irc was crowding, fays /« Ciw^'.'f.Thc 
 Emperors Ulcet of 9999 Joiiks or Ships pal's Annually 
 from hence to i'ck^iw, to cany the Tributes of the 
 Southern Provinces ■ Outofrhe \.Mm Rivcr,iliev pal's 
 into the grand Canal, and arelix Months in perform- 
 ing the Vo\ age. 
 
 There ar'f tivo Viceroys ro govern this Province, 
 which IS divided into lotirtecn parts, under the Dire- 
 dion of thole two Cities above named, and thefe 
 twelve, vi:^. Nieiicl>;u-h'u, Tli.itping-Fu, G,ink,iyig-l'u, 
 Sunki'i'ii-I'i', Chinl(iatit-Vu, Gfaiichiu-Fu, Jangjan-Fii, 
 Ching.i>:-Fii, Lucheu-Fii, Huonitc-Fu,Chi:ncl'Cu-Fii and 
 Kjn7chcu-hu. Subordinate to all which there are in 
 this Province One Hundred md thirteen oilier conH- 
 dcrable Cities. 
 
 CHEKIAM or C/)f<^i4n?. is the next Province to 
 KAmki" adjoining to it on l\.^. ^cuth, having the Sea- 
 C'caft on the i-aft, K^i'^mfi on tiie Well and Fokjen 
 on the South-\Vc(t and South, extending from the 
 17 to the ^1 Ucg. fat. ThcCouutry is a delightful 
 Soil of Hills, Valleys and Plains, enriched with ma- 
 ny anilicial Channels belides Rivers and Btoob, 
 over which there are many anihc.al Bridges of 
 Stone turiouUy Arched. The Multitude of Ships 
 and Barks upon thefe Rivers, and Canals are innu- 
 mer.ible, and the Popuioufiiefs c f the whole Country 
 is incredible. The Soil produces all ncc Ifaries for 
 Life in abundance, belides an excciiivc quantity of 
 Silk from the innumerable Silk Worms hanging onthe 
 Woods, as we may call them, of Mulberry-Trees. 
 All which render this Province a kind of I'aradifc. It 
 contains eleven large Cities, which prelidc over 76 
 Iclfcr Cities. 
 
 The Capital is /^imc''!-//, a City of 4 leagues in 
 Circumference, and one of the fincrt and moft po- 
 pulou', ot the tmpire, it is provided within and 
 withoiu with deep and Navigable Canals, which arc 
 crowded with Boats, and tlie vStreeto are adorned 
 wiih Triumphant Arches ; [ I hnd If Compte {peaking 
 of thefe Triumphal Arches at N'/'m/w and not here, 
 whetcforc I doubt whether my Author ', Kf<) be not 
 miftakrn ] It is a place of great Trade, and is feated 
 on a large River, which according 10 Kj^!) is two 
 Fmich 1 eagues over (or rather half a League wide as 
 le Comftf reports it) named XJ'ien-Tanikijnt, it rifes 
 within this Province, and falls intothe Sea aViout i8 
 Leagues Iwlow the City. Near the City is a fine 
 I.ake of trany Miles extent, which is fed by Water 
 that falls from the Neighbouring Hills, and its Wa- 
 ter is conveyed into the Canahs. ViUbeu-Fv, which 
 (lands on the South Limits and near the Sea-Coart, is 
 a very conliderable City on account ot a great Trade 
 tor Silk carryed on there. 
 
 Niinpo-Fu 01 Linfo, Hands about 100 Miles South 
 Weft from Hamrheu, near the Sca-Coaft, in Lat. 5s 
 and in Longit. (byobfervation) no Dep.aj Min.taft 
 i^omLondon, is alio a conliderable City where a Trade 
 was endeavoured to be eftablilhtdby our Ne^ Enji- 
 J«</m Company. This City maintains a great Tiade 
 with Jd/wn, and both City and Suburbs are well 
 inhabited. The reft of the eleven are K}->ki"S'F'i, 
 Xtink,ing-Fu, Kjuncheu-Fn, VchHeu-Fu, Sicnchcu-Fuf 
 Chiiichem.tu, KJnfliiiii-Fu, Ttiicheu-Fu and Sinchi- 
 
 OJn/jWian Idand lying 20 Leagues Eaftf iinNimpg, 
 I J or 14 Leagues long, and about t Leagues broad, 
 alinoft encoinpaffed with a great number of I'aialler 
 Iilands, one whereof called I'ouio, fituatcd about a 
 League from the Eaft-end, is much celebrated for 
 the Idolatrous Worlhip of the Bon:(ei. On thellland 
 (.'Z>H/dn there is a fmall City, or rather a walled Town 
 of the fame Name to which the New F.nfl-lndia 
 Company traded, being not permitted to go with 
 their Ships to l.impo. (\imp(.) Their Commerce 
 with this place began in the Yeai 1 700. The Town 
 of (.hujjii lyes in 30 Deg. 10 Min, Lat. .md lii | D. 
 Long, front Londcn. 
 
 KIAMSI ot KJ.ingji, IS an inland Province lying 
 between Vhekjjm and Vo}{itn on the Eaft, llinjii.wi on 
 the Weft, \,tmkjn on the North, and S.!ir.nr:,m on 
 the South. It extends from the 26 to the iji 
 Degrees of Latit. and at Icaft 9 Degrees in 
 Longit. The South parts of it are Moijntainous, 
 where are found Mines of Gold, Silver, I ead, Iron 
 and Tin : the Valleys are well cultivated, and a- 
 boundwith all necelfaries for I.iti;. The Women 
 of this Country are famous for rruitfulmA. And at 
 a \'illage called .s'/>.,.;';.''*;/'«c, the finell Porcclaine is 
 made, which exceeding all others, the Water ot that 
 place is luppofed to give the Superiority, jince in 
 others, the lianh is as line, and .13 well prepared. 
 But by K<io the place noted for the Porcelainc Ma- 
 iiufaifture is named I'ictdeu-Fu, and by Nuvaretie 
 Ck-td- 1 lien 
 
 In the North part of this Province, there is a large 
 Lake of ioo Miles Circumference named Phujant, 
 which is Navigated by large Ships, all the Rivers in 
 the Province flow into this Lake, and it difchargcs 
 it felf into the River K/i""i many Towns and fmall 
 Cities arc feated on its Banks, which floiirifli much 
 by the Traflick they maintain. 
 
 Thirteen large Cities are feen in this Province. 
 which prclide over 78 fmaller ones. The chief of 
 them is Nnuchnni-Fu, feated on the South Weft fide 
 of the I ake which is Lirge, but having fuffered much 
 by the Wars is reduced and at prefent in Inw Eftatc ; 
 the reft arc K.incl>tu, Smlieu, Nitnbang, Qiioangjin, 
 <iiiienih/ing, Liiikiiig-, Chiwik^rn, lungchfu and 
 K-^nimg, All which tear likcwil'e the furname of 
 F 
 
 HUQ.UAM adjoyns to /Cmw/i on the Weft, 
 having Honan on the North, and fiu""""" with 
 (itinmii on the South, it is one of the largeit Provin- 
 ces of the Empire, and is divided int» fifiecn Parts. 
 The River Kj*'" runs quite through it from Weft to 
 Eaft, and fcveral other Rivers water the Land, anil 
 render it fo Fenilin Rite aiidothct Corn, and afford 
 fiich plenty of Fiih, that it is commonly faid this 
 Province is capable of feeding the v nolf Empire. 
 A very large Lake lies in the middle of it , whi h is 
 400 Miles inCiieuit, feveral Rivers tiiU into it, and 
 V ihc 
 
 w0\ 
 
 It'll' a 
 
? t W: 
 
 K 
 
 
 0' ^i 
 
 ^ 
 
 i^ 
 
 111 
 
 I4<> 
 
 C H I N J. 
 
 ^^'^ KjiimT\mi\hmnv.\\\i many Ships Navigate this 
 '-''kc, but its VVarvcs are boiftcrous, and as furious 
 ^^ the main Sea, \»'hcnce ' "tiiient Shipwtacks happen 
 •^^ ir. A noraMconc ii rci. ed in the C/vwc/i- Hiflorv, 
 ^vhcrcin 3C0 .Shi^s having an Army of <,ccoa Men 011 
 board, all pci-iflied in one NigtH. Among the pro- 
 tludsof this C^ount^v, (.'oitonismimbeted, whereof 
 great quantity grows htic. 
 
 The Capital is r'm/'.i//^-F',7, featcd on Loth fides 
 the great River }'J,im below the Lake, it is 3 very 
 large Ciry, lind freqitcntcd by muhimdc of Ships, 
 wii'.chdrivc a v'eiy great Traflitk. The other Ci- 
 ties which prefide o\er its 1 5 part*, are Hitnjimi, Hu- 
 ^'ij^el.'fu, Gii>ijili>io, itingimm^^ 'Hiniii^fig, 'i'c^an, Jnn- 
 Ci->n?. Jochrii, C/,'.»«!; vj, P.ic/;7wq, Sivcheii, Cb»»S^'c, 
 H.ingclfH and Jwicchii, all denominated Pti, and 
 have under tlietn 12s othct Citie'; snd Towes. This 
 I'roviritc luHcrcd miH h in the Wars ot the Rebel 
 Lid tiinp, who was the occalion of caihiig in the 
 Tnrinn. 
 
 Fill SI THUl'N which lycs beyond it on tlic 
 Weft, .in^i exicniis re the Mountains of biHia, was 
 iinuh more punillicd by thofc Wars, as being laid 
 waite and almoft ruined. This Province is bounded 
 by \evfi on the North, and Qiinchi on the South. 
 The Laiitl is Mountainous, where Mines ol' Qinck- 
 filverandTin are found, but the Valleys beinp wa- 
 tered with many Rivers, is made Fortil in all neccf- 
 faries for Life, and alfo produces Rhubarb, China- 
 Root and Silk. But the Rhubarb fays ^to is not of 
 thebeft, and feldnni exported. The wSiolc (Country 
 ivhich i'- large, is vhvidcd into nine parts tinder the 
 Clovernniemuf nine Cities, which bear the Dignity 
 of F/-. 
 
 The Capital Chitigni ftands in the middle, and was 
 a \ery p,rear and conliderablt City bdorv' it was re- 
 <luced by the Wars to a low Ettate the rert art l.int- 
 faii. Slinking, Hiwt^hinc, I'aoniti', Cl'i"ichi>iy, Lin^- 
 chcu, Hirncheii, W^'iuandl'.i''.* : which liove loj Ici- 
 fer under iheir Jutifdidtion. 
 
 Cy.'F.ICHEU, whi.h lyosnnthe"Soiithol,T(/r/j;(f», 
 l>cvween Qi/rt»./i on the hall, and Timnm on the 
 VVelf, is a I irgc Courrry which fiflercd very much in 
 the Wars. The Land is Mountainous, and atlurds 
 Quickiilvcr, Copper and Till in good quantity ; aiiJ 
 the Valleys .-irr Fcrtil and well (tocked with Cattle. 
 Although this Country be extciilivu, and divided in 
 to fourteen parts, the Cities are nor nianv, and thofe 
 not very pnpuloiK, for 'ho Inhabitants having been 
 driven a'.vay b> the Waiy are nr,i yet rcturtKd. The 
 preli.iingCitiis with the Title of I'm arc thefe 14. 
 G."fi?"< the Capit.il. Giih.v;'m»», Tk^pi-w, Cin.pmi, 
 Liiif'iig, Surliien^ Siwnn, .Wfdw, 'Vuiie,'", Pinjunf^, 
 Vir.yjur,., Th'.iAing, VcinntivA Mffi. Under whom 
 arc i4firialle! Cities. 
 
 The Kingil'imrf VLfNNAN is the only part of 
 C/-m4 that l)e;i beyond Qittichfu, as cutciiding to the 
 Frontiers of i»M''j, and bounded on the South by 
 Tmrjuin. It \v,\% formerly a PiT)<.inct; cX Ch-na, and 
 is now commonly t'o reckt'ned, bur by Kjio we are 
 tolJ 'tis Siibjcdl to its ovoii I'rmce , tributary 
 to the Emperor. The Cou.'ury w large, as CTtending 
 frcm the Tropu; in !■} and half 'iji to the 19 Dcg. 
 of I atjt. and luk ar lead 7 I")c|;. of l.oiigit. It is 
 wealthy 111 M.iits of (j)ld, Si'vei, Coppur and Tin, 
 and divers precioui. .StOtifs, efpMitlly KiJbirsare 
 ibuiU CD us Mui'tiuiiu. Tiic iioil i:> ^iivcditieJ 
 
 in Mountains and Valleys, tbe former yi^dirg ,h^ 
 Metals as alxivcfaid, and the latter producing Ci,it 
 l-niits, Silk aiid Musk. ' 
 
 Here are 20 large Cities and 68 Subordinate lefTtt 
 ones. The Capital is Tunntn or Jumiatit-Vu^ feaitd 
 in thcEall, a charming pleafantCiiy where Fruits ate 
 extccding plenty. The other chief Cities arc Quoniii 
 Kjtihor., Citi/ung,Chinl(Ji:n,Qiiatiian, lvenl(ing, Chol^ium, 
 Viiting, Kjntmg^ Juning, Xiimiirie, Mniaii, Tiinioh. 
 and Sinlipj. 
 
 Proceeding now to the Eaftward, we cntet 
 QUAMSI or Quonngfi, which has Timr.im on the 
 Welt, iiuftictieti on the North, .Q/«iwfi.w cii the Hal! 
 and Tomjiitn and Ctchinchinn on the South. A great 
 part of the /and is Moiintaincus, however there 
 want!, not good Soil where Rice trows in plenty, .r< 
 alfo Cinnamon and Sapan-Wcoil ; btlides much ot 
 that Wood whereof they iriakc their Cabinet:. V. 
 ry good Porcelaiiie is made her?, but both the l',in:i 
 and Water is brought from other parts : :.t bciinr 
 Ibiiiid that the Sand of Kamkin and the Water d 
 K/ir"!':, miifl concur to make the Left Pur>e!aiiii:. 
 1 his FroviiKc remained a feparate Kingildiii go\crn- 
 edby a Prime of the ancient Imperial lilooJ till the 
 hit King dying without llliie, it fell into the Crown, 
 .nnd the falaec which was at ^(cUiiit, is luntoKiiuh 
 that City isplealamly lituamd in the N(jriliciu rou- 
 tines, belides which arc twilve other huge Cities nt 
 the Dignity ol iV, which prtlldeovtr bo Itifer ones. 
 1 hofe iwche are Pingco^ l^mclicn, Tuiping, Stmim, 
 'UiicljtM, ~^hinciicu,Siniutn, ('.l>inihcii,Suchi» indClii.tM. 
 
 QLIAMTUM or QuMnrjimg . adioins to Qiir.nifi 
 On rlie Lalt, hav mp the Ocean on the Soil! h, flwiur.m 
 and \.i"»»'A on the North, and l\i^.cn 011 rlie F.aih 
 I his is a very large Province, cxtensiiiig 10 Dtg. 
 in Longitude, namely fioiii the ii*; to the ij^. 
 and in Latitude about J Degrees. IheS lilis good, 
 artording plenty of all ncccllanis, btlides Sugar and 
 Silk whic' with Tin, Copper-Work, Salt-pcttc, 
 wrought Siirts and other Mcichaiidife am expoittd 
 hence, to the great enriching ot the Country. This 
 Province fuHcicd much by the Wars at the Revolution, 
 Its Capital City being Plundered, and very miicii 
 ruined by the Army tliat took itb) I'leachcty, alter 
 it had held out a whole Year. 
 
 Thcchief C ity fiimnch.u-h'u, orC/»n/ nas/Cico/'.-.inf 
 call it, is featcd at the bottom of a fiiall and fjte B.iy 
 of the O. can which rtins far within Ijiul ;n ilic" 
 24 Ucg.ofLai at the Mouthof the Rivet l.tiny-^Jyri^, 
 which enipcitsit iclf into that Ba\, and is N.wiga'ulc 
 Is'^r many icagiu'S above the Cily. The conveiuci,, 
 Siiualion of tins pla-cfor 1 tjde to liuli.i, rruilers .1 
 extrcam populous and wca'tiiy, the Shu(\shcingpkii 
 tifully lloekid wuh all forts tif l>„/j».-/and l-.,ii fmt 
 Commoduies. And net far fiou. 11 10 a Village na- 
 med FiiX'in, where i 'oods ,iri- iVlanulaCiured for this 
 Atorket, there lives ly reptnii r.o lefs iluii 6e ihoii- 
 faiid Families. The Hugiijh 4iiid Ouid Ships, as will 
 as P(>ttug:ie:{c and Imti/m, coming fteiiueiicly 10 tl.is 
 Port. The Province is divided nuo ten parts unJ r 
 the Jurifdidjun of thefe ten Ciiies which are Den. 
 niinaicd !•>/, vix Q^iinyeheu or Cjhivh, the Capital 
 a,i atx>veraid, Kf,)ii;,ning, Xancheu, lh)cicii, S:iik->.\, 
 t^ianlieii, l.uiiUii, Liencheu, Clxtucheu^ to,«;ethfrvsitii 
 KJnclxn liiuafe on the Illand Ainnr or il.tni.ii:, win. ii 
 lycs in the Ocean oti the South-Coail, being diitjii- 
 ccd by a Straight of abovit 10 Le;igiics wide fiini 
 the Main Land. The Illand is jt. , Miles in Cir- 
 
 tUlt, 
 
 cult, aiie'lias 
 hie on ati oun 
 Kingdom, ol 
 with Aloes 1 
 
 In the moui 
 
 whereon MAC 
 
 the l'oriigue;;c 
 
 before the Y 
 
 own Govtrnm 
 
 dilturbed theii 
 
 have ftill a Foi 
 
 toiifidirable, ; 
 
 with great Scr 
 
 Emperor took 
 
 cordinii tu the 
 
 who wrote lonj 
 
 ftill in polfbllioi 
 
 llukc. The T. 
 
 a nirrow unev< 
 
 the isoad IS gc 
 
 Vi'iiidw.iui, flic 
 
 from Storms. 
 
 niodlous. (l.e 
 
 hirpcror for all 
 
 feiiis it, pay an 
 
 la'. 1 oooco Due 
 
 grcir Tra-'Hckii 
 
 nioditic;. I: js 
 
 with the P. tiigi 
 
 witli the S.f:.,n!r.i 
 
 turwaid thrcugl 
 
 though there is'f 
 
 both p.'aces. Bi 
 
 coining from I 
 
 Spj»i,i,,ls co,T,i;i( 
 
 loth they hi tg< 
 
 there is nefcli.inl 
 
 the Introdudtion! 
 
 FOKItN, J) 
 ^orth Halt of 
 NorihEalt, and 
 tall. The .Soil 1 
 leys, the former \ 
 well wai cud «iil 
 the I .Hid Fe.' Ill i 
 ot this l'rjvin>e 
 .ind of equal I c 
 Title of /•■„■, di\ 1 
 l'xi'.:u oi/'',c"'H, 
 Biy i.f the O. . .. 
 Cjjutalof rlu Ti. 
 fur Coniiuerie vv 
 fv-,j whofc Shi| 
 "•",;'.'m ;. Cl;u,hcu, 
 10 which IS added 
 is laid to this 
 '^I'leL- chief Ciri, 
 1 lie fmall Iilan 
 Fad Coaft makes 
 Ships of the bigf 
 The in,-.;id £.>/( 
 ^nioji) or u ■-,.' h . 
 which of late Yea 
 ih; l'.r,gijh\).\\x\ 
 This Province . 
 ''iitwiih what lln 
 AlTnfed. The 
 ot, the J/trtai Kcv 
 
CHINA 
 
 • oj.'f-inl 
 
 ti- B.-.y 
 
 ./«■;;, 
 
 Mil.':. 
 'xt, .. 
 
 ■ . : 1:1 
 
 tor tliu 
 
 o ihoii- 
 as woll 
 
 10 t\vs 
 
 Capiul 
 
 ' ■.>ik''i.[, 
 
 lerwiiii 
 
 whi> h 
 
 diibr- 
 
 m Cir- 
 
 cuit, ant' lias i ? lertcr Cities cu it, ?nd is confidera- 
 ble on ac( yiint of a great Trade driven there with the 
 Kingdom, ot Toiitjuin and Crchinc'oino, it abounds 
 with Alues and has a good Pearl Filhery. 
 
 In the mouth of the Bay of Canton lyes the Ifland 
 whereon MACAO is I'catcil in I.at. l j. Iliis Town 
 the /'o .';(;;«f;'('m;idc themlclvesMaftcrs of, fomctiiiic 
 before the Year i6oo. and poirelfed it uni'er their 
 own Government for many Years : but the Dutch 
 diltiirbeil their Trade lo n.ucli, that .vlthoiigh they 
 have ftill a I'uii and Fadory there, tlicy arc not at all 
 tonfidtrable, and are tiirccd ro Submit to \\\iCiiii!eje 
 with gieat Servility, i iind fome Authors fay the 
 Emperor took M.Kr.o \n the Year i668. Lut (ince ac- 
 cording to the Acroiinis ot butli U Cmiple and l\'^i\ 
 who wrote longlinec tliat tinu, the I'otwiuc-^^ wae 
 fiill in poltellion (if it, we mull ftippolc that a mi- 
 iUkc. The Town is fmall, unwalJeii, and built on 
 a iiirrow uneven -Soil on a point of the Ifland, but 
 the Koad h pood ; Other Iniall Iliands that l)c to 
 Vi'indw.ud, Ihtltiinn the Ships, and Iccuring them 
 from Storms. The Haven is iiarrGW, fate aial com- 
 luodioiis. ( i-c C'Wf'ie.) They pay Cuftoms to the 
 Lirpcror for all th ii Guo,!^, or rather as l\<io rcpre- 
 feiusit, pay an Annual Tnlnre of icooc or as fome 
 fa-, looocn Ducats. They tormcrly exercifed very 
 great TrafHik hcri, in ail ti,l..iii and /■>/'".■?(;« Coni- 
 nioditic";. I: is vvoiih obfeiving, that tiie Sunday 
 wiih the i\ tii;^ucy- of this lowii, is the Saturday 
 v^'itli the Sp.}n:i!>Ji in the Piil.ip:i,r Ill.iiul.s, and fo 
 lurward ihrcughntit all the d,iys of the Week, al- 
 though there i.s fv.arcc any ilitioiencu in the i.origit. of 
 both'pla.rs. But the realon is, the l':'t:.giicx! in 
 coming from Eu' <■,'(• paf< Lalhvard, whereas the 
 Sjijni.t'ih cocr,i::gfium A».:i,c.i Wtliward, between 
 loth they ha c pone round the (ilcjbe, indomg which 
 thcrcisnerclLiiily a Day iolt, as we have told ;ou in 
 the Imrodu^itiiin. 
 
 lOKltN-', \)a (II the Tall of t^jumfi on the 
 Nort!) Halt of i^.^i/ni/m, hiMii^ Chcki.im on its 
 Nonh-Ealt, and the Occ.in on UeUafl and South- 
 Eatf. The Soilis illverlilicd in Moi niainb and \'al- 
 Icy-, the former wdl befei with fre.N, and the latter 
 well watcrid with Riverb aiiJ Brooks, which reiidti 
 the I and Fv! til in Rice and other Corn. 'I'hc extent 
 ot tlii> I'vjvin.e ;s from iiiei4 fi ilu i3 I)eg. I.at. 
 .inJuf equal I outfit, flight i.huf Cities wiih the 
 Title of i'l.', divide it into Ionian', parts, thele are 
 I'*/'.'H orKc'!'H, Icatcd on a Rivtr wliuh fall.-, into a 
 Biy i.f the Ocean in I.at. 26. an.l half, it is the 
 Ctj'italof thcl'tiivii.ee, and i^a large City, famous 
 fur Coninierie with the ']:ij' ii'l.i \i.ai,:ns and l-.un.- 
 ;.',•,) whofe Ships dally aitivc here. T^iivrncl eu, 
 //.i(;;/i(i ;. Cl'.uJrii, J-iipii^-, V. 'if, T ,/;;; Jf ,7 and Ci:ni:'/, 
 t.i which is added the I (land (• r«;f/.;or T.ii. ;, .«, wine It 
 is laid to this I'lo- nice, and makes a nii;:li part. 
 TacL-cliiefCitKspreruieovcr ' '■ others. 
 
 The fmall lllaiul OvciMfv. winch Ives on theSouth- 
 F,t(t Coaft makes a fafe and not.ablc llavm, where 
 Ships of the bigRcIl burden lye fecuiv. Near it is 
 
 The Ill.-.iid t-wot >' (or as we often pvonotiii e it 
 ^•11.7) or u-iih is a larg.- I'ownofthc fame Name, 
 which of late Years has teiii tar. :'.ij for the Trade 
 ihe I'.tiji^ i/h have had tliei. . 
 
 Thisl'rovince of / /(.im was a feparatc Kingdom, 
 Init with what IfMiiage to the l.'.nperc. 1 am nut 
 A|'piifed. ThePrince tli.it govt rued it at tli tunc 
 ol the T/irtar Hcvoluiion, vvas I'oicnt and Couiaei- 
 
 147 
 
 rus, and ftood out apainft that Monarch, when the 
 other Provinces had I'ubinittcd, which occalicnid 
 great Wats and Subjected the Country to iiuich 
 Ueltriidtion. At kng'h under the pretence of a 
 Treaty the Prinre was Decoyed to Court. But con- 
 trary to promifc was there Detained. His Son whofe 
 bravery afterwards has rendered hi^ Name illuftrious 
 in that part of the World, maintained a vigorous War 
 in his Fathers behalf againd the tinperor, but born 
 down with the ovetiiiatcli, was forced to qui-; his 
 Country and put to Sea. (.'"v;«^rt or Cotiffnn, as 'tis 
 fometimes written, was the Name of this Prince, who 
 turning his Face 10 l-'ormclu, became a Potent fc'noiny 
 to the Ouici.i there. Which leads me to fprak of thac 
 Ifland, wherein I fliall be the mote Ample, by rea- 
 fon of the great talk about it, occafioneil by the fine 
 drclfed up Story of Pf,i!mnria:{ci; who pretended to be 
 a Native of it. 
 
 When the Dutchhn] eftabliihcd thcmfclves in I'uli.i, 
 they made ic their chiefelt Care to fettle a Trade to 
 Ch:>i,i, but the Cliiiiej:-! would never agree to the 
 Treaties they offered, till the Uutcii hy the force of a 
 good Fleet, feized a little Illand neat the Coaft, 
 which they Fortitied, and from it Annoyed the Chi- 
 w/f at plcafure. 1 his prouuicd a Treaty, and upon 
 Con.iiiion tlicv would quit thai place, they were al- 
 lowed to lettlc at 'la/' iii-.n^^ or 'I'rsvr.m in [■iinin/j 
 whether th.y accordiiij.dy retired, Fortilied it and 
 cairycd on a very pioiitaMe Trade there. During 
 the time of their tl.iiirilhing State in that place, 
 Monlieur C4«^ni i«a Clergyni.ni lived there, and has 
 publiihed an Account of tlie Illand, which we (hall 
 Abdraa. 
 
 T'ORMOSA l^ a laige Uland <,f .,',,1 ng form, 
 leatcd ill 22 Deg. Lat. 1 jo Leagues round, fays he, 
 but others reprcfent it larger, .'\.f,..,// lays'tis n^ 
 Leagues long, but not pio[iort.onably broad, and 
 K^'o lays 'tis y. o Miles in Cirtumlereiice, The 
 Kortlip.irt of It which lyes 111 ij and liaif J.at. i« 
 diftant fioiii the Coallof f- «;i;' .not above 20 leagues. 
 The Country abounds m Cattle, Filh and Deer, 
 whole Furrisone of their thief Cominoditics for 
 Trade. The I. and is lertil bur not mueh Cultiva- 
 te.l, It iiiiJuces pjtiiiy ot Rice, as alfo Ginger, Su- 
 gar, and Fruits of many kind-- unknown to us And 
 tK thought there are Mines of Gold anJSilvtr in the 
 Mountains. J lie Country is very 1 ^puloii*, full of 
 large Villages, but no City or pr. Town: nor is 
 there any King or S.ipcriour Perfun 1.1 Government, 
 every Village manap Mig it felf as wifely as it can, 
 and IS alinoit conOantly at War with it> Neiiihhours. 
 The Inhabitants at lealt thofe I'oiii', the Ci ilt tint 
 weie known tothe Dmcl , ate • I and llrong limliett, 
 ot a dark biown Complcxi . ili? Women are ot 
 low Staiure, and go Clad, ^vller^as the Men arc 
 mnffly Naked. Some < f thcClaiisof them appear 
 Wild ard Barbarous, others are gc.( d Natured, 
 Faitlil'ul and Induftrious. The Won 1 Till the 
 Ground, fow the Rice, and plantGin^r, Sugar .and 
 Fruits. And the Men employ thnni.cs in Hunting 
 and Fighting in their frequen^ W,irs. The only lh?w 
 of Government they haveamonglt them, is a Cuun- 
 cil in each Village of twehi- Men thofen .'\nnually, 
 who decide Ditil'erences andexercile f ime Authority, 
 but m the Main every Man di rs himfelf Jultice, 
 without appealing to. I Judge. Their Religious Ofii- 
 ces are exercifed by Women, the I'riofthood being 
 being held by tb« Sex 'Jhen Kelii^ion, Manner-, 
 V 2 and 
 
 
 0< 
 
 m 
 
 *ii 
 
 • '" '-'A 
 
11 
 
 148 
 
 CHINA. 
 
 ami Cuftoms arc as rude as one can tliiiik, oni Au- 
 tliov has fpokcn of them l.irge enough already, 
 Init they arc too mean and too tedious v) be related 
 iierc. 
 
 K/f«/'n^ whom wc havcfo oficn mentioned, in 
 his many Voyages in Service of the Company, was 
 ona- at I'mvul^, at the fame time that K^ximin was 
 about to Artack it. We Ihall therefore borrow a 
 little from hini both for proof and further information. 
 ro)(//c/.< ist'ull of Hills intermixed with fertile Val- 
 leys, which .Ui- watered by many Rivets, and pro- 
 diirc nuuli (iral's and Coin, here is plenty of Sugar 
 which is ixpnrti'd, and thi' liinr,i<cr:>, kinds planted by 
 thc/)»fc. tiirivewell, a^abiindanieof hdiun l-ruiis, 
 and Rki 111 pre.it I'lcnty Cattle ct all forts and Stags 
 are plcmv, anil in thi Woods arc found Tyj^ers, 
 Deals and inlierwild Beafts. Here is alfowild bowl 
 of \;iri(j\iii kinds, and lis fii] pofed there are Mines 
 of Ci'ild and Sliver in the M'Uintauis, ti*; known 
 they arc full of Hriniltor.c, and the Subterranean 
 Five cai.fes many l'.arili>)uakfs. The Illand is ucfti- 
 tute of Harboiiis, and hath only Roads between 
 fmaillllands for the Ships to Andiorin. As to the 
 IVoplcan I their Manners, he gives much the fame 
 account as Cnhiu'.iw. 
 
 This wasihe State of the Place when K"-^"'/.!! with 
 a numerniis Fleet aiul large Army came over and 
 Laiuied there. The Uiiich were at that time very 
 Potent, having driven away the Sjianin \h, who from 
 the I'liiiiifiini' lllands, had during the Troubles of 
 Chwit, planted I hcinfclvcs on the Illand. And therc- 
 forethoiiphc thcmfelvcsableto rclift Voxiti^f.^ but he 
 fofurioully attacked 'l.uoiir.n both by Sea and land, 
 tliat although they defended thcmfelvcs well, he 
 proved too powerful, and drove ihcm out. 1 his 
 happened in the Year 1659. Kj'xiny/i afterwards, 
 upon occi>rioR (;f three Ships fraighted with Silver, 
 which were carrycd by Treachery to the Emperor, 
 inftead of being brought to I'.iyti.in as lie ordered, 
 raifed a mighty .\riny .-'iid Fleet, and failed 10 
 Naml^iu, which Potent City he Bclicged and had 
 near taken ; but by a Revel on his i^irth-day, he 
 jjavc the Beliiged an opportunity of falling upon his 
 Drunken Arn-i\, and cue it all oil : With ilie grief 
 hereof he Dud, and was fucceededby hisStn. The 
 Emperor lollowin^ his Blow, fet out a great Meet 
 to take l7/'«,p/, but the ynuni; Prince had ilir good 
 Fortune to Delia- ilicni for th It t'mc; yet after a- 
 iiothrr Years War, was tiiivcd tf) Stbinit ; and was 
 afterwards fcr hi« Viiti e and IV'.vcr^ fake, f.ivoured 
 by the Emperor wuh a Prcfent of the Iflaml, whereof 
 he remained King under Homage to the liiipcror, 
 in the Year 16S2. 
 
 Wchave now fiirireved all the Piovinrcs of (■;„;,.,. 
 except I.eaituni, which bccauli; it l\es bcjoed iJnj 
 groat Wall, our Journey round dul not admit u* 
 to take in. We lliall iheteforo fpeak of it nsw; 
 and thence take a Survey of tlie Illand Cwc.;' 
 and fpcak a word of the Land of j'Jh, and fo pgfs 
 on to Jafoii. 
 
 Lt AOTUM or i, «..•«.««;', is a Province of lifs 
 extent than thofu wehavepaifed ihrougli, cxtenilit.g 
 hardly 15U Miles either way, it Jyev bevond tin.' 
 gteat Wall, which is its Uuiuidary i n the Weft, ,s 
 the nariow Arm of the Sea which diviiks it fiun, 
 Cofoj on the Kaft, the Miiiititains of f;.,,.; '!'.'<■ i,::y on 
 the North, and the '<iw:;-S' SI or Cjulph if />(■/»; ,,|| 
 the South. Itisfiatcd lewecn the :.) at,d ,)i l>j». 
 of Latit. and is a hue ti-nitikd 1 and, l,iys \.,,^ pfg. 
 ducing, befidis all nccelliiries for I fc, rl;c fanuiiis 
 Medicinal Rout G;'«/.'/;i; t)v :t ''■/■», wlucli is rciLoncd 
 a moll Soveraign Remedy f n- rccuvcnnj; Deiaycd 
 brrengih. Here are but 1 1 Cities great .md luiall, 
 whereof Mhyr.in is the Capital, \i>.i\.:ii ami KjhcUu 
 the next of Note, Father KrI'ieli who travelled 
 over this Province in tlie L'mpcrors 'Iran, t,>||s us 
 that the Land is uneven, being enciinil-cr.d with 
 Mountains, and that tlu' Towns which iv;ie forniirly 
 very Numerous are almolt all dcllroyi .', I.aviiio never 
 recovered the ravage of the W i\v at the Kevoiiuijn. 
 The Capital Mmi-.in is a City very i.iu- an.i prcitj 
 iuiire, but its ancient Valace {-. 111 KiiUie^. This City 
 by his Obfc T'arion lyes in .; i Dci;. '^6 Min. Latir 
 and the Magnetick Needle haih no Dcclinarioa 
 there. 
 
 The Kingdom of ( C^KF.A called )•-•.•.■;,«//(•. by 
 the Inhabitants, L^ a Peniurula, or as the new Maps 
 Ihcw us an Klantl, l;a\ii:g tn ihc We!f, the 
 I'lovince of A riui):^: and the Clulph ot' A'.i/.i^/o;; ; 
 on the l-.iilt and South, by the Sea of 1 /,>;:; and on 
 iheNorili, by .N.mcc a isiligdom <,f JV.-.m.-, : It is a 
 vers fiuiihil Countiy, wlicVe the KbiiiiiuiMs produce 
 tiold and Silver, if. Marllics Rice, nn I the Sea 
 IVarK. The !iihabi',-iius are povetiied ii-. tiieir own 
 Prince, under ilic I'lo'edion of the Haipvor, and 
 Tr.ide only wi:ii the ' / .>../.-;and /'/' '' 'cj. rhcmcft 
 remaikable T'own5( (' Coefl, are i'''.|,.;'.' ; K'"!k.', the 
 Metropolis ofthe Kingdom ; //i.-«<;/i,i; , Ki','.^-in, on 
 ihehaltcrn Coaft; ^ndcixaih in the S.v.iih. The 
 Illand of I'.nimn, called S:li:if:ich\ the Nitivts is 
 likewifc Subjcill to the Dominion of the King of 
 C.Vir.r. being diftant 11 Lcng.'.cs from the::, c to the 
 
 South; its Capital Town: 
 of ihc Govtrnour. 
 
 . or ^ ■ 
 
 the Seat 
 
 The 
 
Ik' 
 
 ( us 
 
 ISW; 
 
 '(,1 ,/ 
 
 pafs 
 
 f Itfs 
 iiliiif! 
 ' til.- 
 
 lUllr 
 <l 
 
 '>.(;. 
 
 10- 
 
 Illnin 
 Hal 
 
 uli, 
 
 r/ cu 
 
 dial 
 
 •l!s IK 
 
 wirli 
 
 luily 
 
 tiiver 
 
 i;ti,)ri. 
 
 |-rcu\ 
 
 s Ciry 
 
 I.at'.r 
 
 natio;i 
 
 14^ 
 
 The Land of 
 
 J E S S O 
 
 THE I-ai'd of 3cjjii, Jefi, l-.fa or Ye-ijo. 
 is (ituaie over agiinft tlie E.iikrn part of 
 'iV.rt^ty, from which it is fepartteii by a 
 roitlidtrable Straight of the fame Nairn-. 
 The Coafts of this Country have been at fcvc- 
 ral times difcovercd oil the Weft .111(1 Eait, and more 
 elpt-cially on the South by the I'ortn^ut^e and Dutcl:. 
 But they have not been able to Difcovcr whether 
 it I'c an Kland or Continent. 'Tis known that a 
 Sea (lows between it and Taitary on the South- 
 Weft, but whether more to the Northward, it may 
 not be joined is iinl^nown. In Sailing onitsSoiith- 
 Coaft to the Weitward, they have found no end of 
 the Land, and therefore 'tis conjedlured that it 
 extends as far as America : whcie the Straight of 
 Aniin, on the North ol California, is tuppoied to 
 be made by the Well Qiall of this Land. A- 
 gain, others contradift this, but fay that it is joyn- 
 ed to the North part of J/ifvn. 'Tis true, the 
 cxtrcam Northern part of 3if'"'t is very little 
 known by even the Joponefei thcinfelve*, but the 
 diftince of that part of Jejfo thar is known (being 
 as Muffeiii writes, 300 Leagues from Mcmo) is 
 too great to be joined to Japan, and yet never 
 known to be fo. The Dutc!) Maps therefore 
 make a broad Sea of at leafl two Degrees be- 
 tween the North Coaft of Jfpon, and the Land of 
 
 Of (he Nature ot this Country, we arc told by 
 Fiami! Caron (a Dutchman who lived long in Japan) 
 from the Information of the Japoncjc, who have 
 often penetrated far into it, but could never find 
 the ena. 
 
 The Land is much incumbered with Mountains 
 and Craggy Rocks, and the Soil Uncultivated 
 and little Inhabited, and the Country only valu- 
 ibie for the lich Furn and Skins, whereof very 
 
 precious ones are brongiit thence. Tiie Inhabitant 
 are a wild People, tl'cir Bodies all over Hairy, and 
 their Beards very long ; and in Manners more like 
 Beads than Men. 
 
 Lud. F.ojus, a Jrfuit who Ii\cd in J.ifan, writes 
 of them thus. On the North of Japov, there 
 lyes a very large Country of Savage Men. Their 
 Bodies are Hairy, their Beards very large, and 
 their Muftacho's fo long, that they niiifl hold them 
 alide when they Drink. TJicy Cloath themfelves 
 with the Skins of wild Beafts. They pay a Vene- 
 ration to Heaven, but have no Sacred Rites. They 
 arc furious in War, and a Tcrrour to the J/tpanefc 
 Being Wounded in War, they waih the Part in 
 Salt Water, which is all the Remedy they ufe, 
 They are great Lovers of Wine, and ufe the 
 Women in common. As to their Food wc are not 
 told. 
 
 They find means to get over Sea foinetimcs, to 
 come to Aquittt, the molf Northern Cit) of Ja- 
 fm, on Account of Trade. And the Inhabitants 
 of Aqiiita go thiihcr fometimcs ; this however but 
 very feldom. for fear of their Brutality. Be- 
 tween both, tis certain, that a Trade is carryed 
 on, and the rich purrs of Jejfo ate ufed in Jtpcn, and 
 fo much valued, that the Emperor forbids all o- 
 ther Nations Trading hither. And he reckonl 
 Jeffo into the number of the Countries he is Lord 
 of. 
 
 BETWEEN the Coaft of Tnrtary and that of 
 Jejfo, lyes an Ifland difcovercd by the Dutch, called 
 STATEN ISLAND, of about 10 Leagues in length, 
 but notconliderablc. 
 
 On the Eaft between it and Jtjfo, lyes the Straight 
 ciXie^DtVrits Straight, 
 
 I" 
 
 'ifp' 
 
 m 
 
 ;':;« l(| 
 
 :..'^ 
 
 '.11,. I 
 
 ':r::m 
 
 
 m 
 
 ("lliiiii'iii'i 
 
 '^lii 
 
 JA^ON- 
 
•^^^ 
 
 minimi 
 
 l5o 
 
 ^'l 
 
 
 T A P O N 
 
 JA P O N is the moft Eafterii part of /Ifii, and 
 the Land ilic moft remote from us in all this 
 Hcinifiiherc , ami confequcmly the place 
 ivhtic the Riling Sun is firl^ fccn ; An J 
 bcinii near 150 Degrees F.ad from us, |they have 
 the Worniiigaml Mid-Day, at Icaft eight hours betorc 
 Us. Yen are not to imagine this Country to be a Coii- 
 liiient or Main-Land, nor c\ en but one Ifland, tori: 
 confids of divers Illands, which bear the general 
 Name of J^tpon; and lye extended from the ?oth to 
 the 5Sih Deg. of Longitude, and from the i xn Dcp. 
 to the i£i Dcg. of Latitude. The moft Wettern 
 Coaft being 100 F.caguc.s diftant from Kinipo on 
 the Eaft Coart of (.hi>M, and the moft Southern 
 3?o Leagues fr<.ni the North Coaft of the /•'/'i7//fi"<' 
 Iflands. Al hough it be true, that the Empire ot 
 Jj/'i,™ conlills of divers lllandi, yet one called ?4- 
 pon proper, or oilicrwife NipiKn, is by much the 
 largcft and moft i:onfKlerablc, as extending from 
 Souih-Weft to North F.aft above 600 Miles, and in 
 breadth in foiiie parts i^o, in others 100 Miles, 
 Whereas C/mrr, wliich is the lax; in bignets, ha.i 
 11. u a fourth part of tint Dimcniion, and Sihk cr 
 iroi.;^ tlic next, not a Moycty of that. 
 
 In Situation, thcfe Idands polfefs the ',th an^ 
 ^th Climates, and their longeft Day is from 14 to 
 1 5 Hours. And tlieretorc might be cxpeifted to ex- 
 reed in Heat, but we are told by Travellers, that the 
 Winters are eXicJne Cold, iliroiiph the vaft qiia:i- 
 tity of ,Sno\v which there ufually tal!s : together 
 with preat Rains and bleak Winds. The Soil was 
 reprcfented to be but Pcor, by fomc of the Jcfuits 
 living there, \et it is certain, that u produces Rice 
 of the whitell and cleancit fort, info great Menty, 
 that vaft quantities are Annually eitpnrted thence 
 by the Dure'-. And !/.'/' 'i hath often fiirnilhed the 
 Phil!:p:>u- Iflands with Bread - Corn. 'Ihe DuiJ> 
 in ('.cneral declare, that the I and is leifonably 
 buiitfui , and that the Country abounds with 
 Men and Cattle. 1'i,iiich Cr.mi a Duicimnu (who 
 lived ni.iny Years here, and has Publillicd an Ac- 
 cf'Unt c\i this Couniiey, whence we chiefly Col- 
 led what we Ihall fay of it ) tells iis, tliat ?.i- 
 /■i'7 arlords all tirnps that are necclfary to fu- 
 ftain 1 ifc ; and Ih^oiiir Ins Annotator adds, that 
 nri Rcpicin in huiiu, crjoys a more Temperate 
 and Healthy Air, .■» better Fertility, nor exceeds 
 ir in produClion of Silver. Here arc many Moun- 
 tains, whereon there is pltiny of tall Grafs, anu 
 many Herbs and Flowers. Two of the Mountains 
 are efpecially notable for their heighth, whereof 
 one carts forth Flames. 
 
 There i.s .1 large Lake abounding with Fifll, at 
 about t8 Miles diftance from Meuco, which ex- 
 tends 9u MiUs in length, and 21 in breadth ; 
 it is compofcd of the Confluence of many fmall 
 
 Rivers, and has an out- let in the South- Welt 
 which in a fooil large River, palTes by the City 
 Mnacv, and after a v»iiidiiig Courfe of about 10 
 Leagues, falls in;o a Bay of the Ocean. There are 
 feveral Rivers in Siphoi, and fome few in the other 
 Illands, butnoncof them are of any long courfe, nor 
 at all remarkabli. 
 
 Their Trees either for Beauty or Fruit are not un- 
 like ours ; but the Odars are the niult plenty, and 
 thole grosv exceedjnghigh. 
 
 Of Animals, there are all the kinds that are 
 fecn in Em opt, as Oxen, Hogs, Hares, Conies, 
 Deer, wild Boars, bears. Dogs, Cats, and of Hor- 
 fes an incredible plenty, per Birds, they have 
 Cranes, Swans, Ceele, Duck.s, Phcalanis, I'idgeons, 
 Hens, Hawks, Falcons, &c. '1 hey have fome 
 Silk Worms, but know not how to gather tht 
 Silk. 
 
 But the principal Proiludls of i?/*,""!, are MeiaK, 
 as Gold, -Silver, Copper, Iron, I'm and Lead, 
 which are found hcie in great abiiuLiiicc. Ot 
 Silver cfpeciully, a quantity ex.ecdiiig all ihercll, 
 of (lold not a liille, whith the ni:iiiy giuied Roofs 
 of ihe Emreiour and Kobleiiiui, Palaces, a.s well 
 without lide as within, is a fultieient Demon- 
 (tration of. The Land alfo • yields (o:ne precious 
 Stones, and the Seas much red Co.al, and fame 
 Pearls. 
 
 Of the Inhdlitiinls. 
 
 According to Tradition, ^-Jpoi was firft Peopled 
 from Chin.i, which is moft probable, by reafon of 
 the Neighbourhood of that Continent. But whe- 
 ther it be true, that the tirlt Inliabiunts were 
 fiich only as were Banilhed from C/in.i, for t, 
 Confpiracy againft the King, as common Traditi- 
 on tells, IS uncertain. 'J he Japm-.j.-s are oppo- 
 lite to the Chiiiej: in all their coirnion MannTS 
 and Culloms, which (hould cotitradie'l the Al- 
 fertion, that they proceed from them ; hut to that 
 'tis anfwered, that in regard iliey renin ed thiir 
 Habitation on a Criiinnal Acccimt, they liuiliiully 
 avoided ihcir old Manners, and in hatred to that 
 Country which had expelled them, took u" '.ew 
 ones direftiy contrary. The tim.' of tl jvlipia- 
 tion, is fuppoled to ha'. e been about .liit:o Dm. 
 1000. c cr fince wlr.ch, it has been governed by 
 oncSupr-am Monarch, under wlinni are ilivers petty 
 Kings, I riiues and Lords, who uiiderhim goveinthe 
 ProvitKcs. 
 
 This 
 
 This Men; 
 Subicrts, the 
 car .dethrone 
 obeyed by h 
 million, for 1 
 and therctbri 
 fivrl Accouii 
 ty, that Tra 
 
 the Or: 1 u's, 
 
 but the tlrll 
 Horrour, and 
 never fets hi; 
 permitted to I 
 upon him ] 
 
 to Wl'. ' Ooil! 
 
 Son coiitimiti 
 
 But foon after 
 
 Years, and br 
 
 ble Confiilioi 
 
 all engaged ag 
 
 gave opportun 
 
 grec and obki 
 
 eft power. T 
 
 dier, but of a 
 
 gan with 50 
 
 iiiin, his Niim 
 
 iity and Succ 
 
 time, he co 
 
 took all the ( 
 
 himfelf to the 
 
 the Family Na 
 
 all the precedii 
 
 the Name anc 
 
 took upon liim 
 
 incnt, from Wn 
 
 great Wifdoin 
 
 Minor, under 
 
 was cut off fo 
 
 time the Govt 
 
 Princes, while 
 
 the fliow of M 
 
 fon being elkei 
 
 pcror dares nc 
 
 mily is High- 
 
 nity even ri(u. 
 
 rcror is nbligi 
 
 Years at farthe 
 
 icnec. 
 
 In the Stati 
 called C/;/'fv, 1 
 tor, and in 
 Diikcy, but til 
 rif the Prime 
 to AJminifter 
 Number of 
 there requires 
 in Obedience 
 is thus. I. A 
 Court one hal 
 l.wc Houfes 
 there the Lor 
 turns, and pa 
 The eldeft Si 
 up at Court, 
 miffcs or othi 
 2>pies in all ti 
 of all Tranfi 
 Noblemen to 
 
f A TO l^. 
 
 and 
 
 ThK 
 
 Tbis Monarch is ao Abfolutt Prince over all his 
 Subicrts, the petty Kings not excepted, whom he 
 car dethrone and Puiiilh as he plcalcs. And he is 
 obcH'd In his Subjcds with the nioft Abfolme Sub- 
 niilliuti, for he is cftccincd by them asalort of God, 
 and therctore obeyed on a Religious, as we|] as 
 civtl Account. And fu Itritft has been *hcir Loyal- 
 ty, thai 'I'lavellers tell us, that under the Reigns of 
 rfie Dr: ru\^ tlierc never happened any Rebellion, 
 but the tirlt Seditions were looked upon with 
 Horrour, and cftci.-uud i Crinnc againft God. He 
 never fets his I'oot to the Ground, the Sun is not 
 perinitted to lliiiic on Ir.m, nor the Wind to blow 
 upon him l'i\in ilie lvt;inning of this Monarchy 
 to Wi;.' 0»>;.'. i^oo, the Su.i eflion from Father t'^ 
 Son continued in the fame Family, nanned Day o. 
 But foon after Civil Wars lc!^an, which lalted fonie 
 Years, and brouplu the wliole Country into niil'cra- 
 ble Confiilion. The l'etty-Kinp,s and Lords were 
 all engaged againft one another in furious Wars, and 
 gave opportunity to one i'.d./; 1(1, a Man of low De- 
 cree and oblL arc I'jirtl:, to raifc hinilclf tothchigli- 
 etl power. This Man who was but a comnnon Sol- 
 dier, but of a bold and Couragious Natuic, I c- 
 gan with so Followers only, but Fortune Alf^Oing 
 him, his Numbers cncreafed j and with furli Cele- 
 rity and Succeft iu went on, that in three Years 
 time, he coiitjuered all the conteiuliiig Princes, 
 took all the Caltlcs and flrong Cities, and railed 
 himfelf to the Imperial Dignity. D.tji'p, which was 
 the Family Name of the limperor, and that which 
 all the preceding Cffars bore, was alloweil to retain 
 the Name and Dignity of Emperor ; but '1'ayck.o 
 took upon liiin the I'ower, andexcrcifed the Govern- 
 ment, (rom Anno i>oT». 1517- for many Years, with 
 great Wifdoin and Power; but his Son being left a 
 Minor, under the Ward of a certain Nobleman, 
 was cut off foon after he came to Age. At this 
 time the (iovcrninent is vefted in a new Race of 
 Princes, while the Succellor of Otiy>o retains only 
 the (how of Majcfty, and lives in Splendor, his Per- 
 foii being eltcemcd fo Sacred, that the Ruling Em- 
 peror dares not infult him. The Heir of this Fa- 
 mily is High-Prieft, and is honoured with a Dig- 
 nity oven ciju-J to the Roman Pontiff. The Em- 
 reror is obliged i to vilit him once in three or four 
 Years at fartheit, and offer to biin Prefciits and Revc- 
 lencc. 
 
 In the State, there was formerly a great Oflicei 
 called Cithn, who was Supicam under the Empe- 
 ror, and in Power fiich as the Grand Vilicr in 
 '['uikcy, but that Office is now fupprclfed, and four 
 nf the Prime Nobility are appointed by the King 
 to AJmiiiifler thetiovernmcnt under him. As the 
 Number of the Princes aiid Noblemen arc great, 
 dicrc requires the wifelt Conduft to keep thciii 
 in Obedience. The M.'thod the Emperor takes 
 is thus. i. All the Princes are obliged to be at 
 Court one half of the Year, to which purpofe they 
 i.wc Houfes at Tcdc, which is the Royal Scat ; 
 there the Lords from the different Parts refidc in 
 turns, and pay their Devoirs to the Emperor, i. 
 The eldeft Sons of all the Prime Nobility ace bred 
 up at Court, and rcfide there till the Emperor dif- 
 miffes or otherwife employs them. 3. He employs 
 Spies in all the Provinces, who give him accounts 
 of all Tranfadions. And, 4. He obliges all the 
 Noblemen to take Oaths of Fidelity every Year 
 
 i5| 
 
 And morofivcr to keep die common People {;omi 
 ScduiQii, he employs vaft nuail ers of them, even 
 1 00000 at a time in Publick Works, fuch as build- 
 ing Caftles, making K(;ads, Ddtes or the like. Ci- 
 tiesand great Towns aie divided into linall Wards, 
 whivh ,ire(hut up every Night, fo that tiie Iijiabi 
 tants of one Ward can have no intetcourfe with 
 thofe of another, and thereforo no Riots can hap- 
 pen, or if any be begun, they calily are fupprelt ■ 
 /for each Ward has a MagilUaic fet over it by the 
 lEmperor. 
 
 This Prince is Addtelfed to with utmofl Reverence, 
 and Attended by a vait Number of Noblyneii and 
 Servants. When he goes Abroad, bchdcs Nobility 
 and theirSoiis, and.the chief Officers of the Court, 
 whereof a great Train always accompany him ; 
 his Guard confifts of 5 or 6 thoulaiul Soldiers. His 
 Palaces are many and Pompuiis, tlpecially that at 
 Ifedo. His Revenue mult needs be valtly great, fjnce 
 the Annual i'crfions paid to the Governours of Pro- 
 vinces, and tlic bmperors oilier Annual Expcnccs, 
 according to the l.ilt fet forth by C.uon, and reduced 
 to Dh(l/i Guilders, amounts to ife< Millions, which 
 is near a8 Millions of Sterhij',. Ihefe Penlionsarc 
 paid, fomcinGold, f.;me in Silver, others inCop- 
 per. Iron, L(;ad, Tin, Rice, or other pri'du«fts of 
 the refpCiftivr Province'. Of thefe tiovcriiours, 
 twenty one bear the Title of Kings. Four are 
 Dukes. Six Princes. Seventeen Barons. And 
 Forty one Lords. The .Emperors Council confifts 
 of Twenty eight of ihefe, whereof four have the 
 Title of King"^. Befides thefe Governours, there 
 are a great Number of Noblemen of a lo\\ti 
 Rank. 
 
 The Army which the Emperor kcers in con- 
 ftanr Pay, is locooo Foot and icoco Horfe. But 
 ill War, the Governours of Provinces are obliged to 
 bring into the Field c.ich a certain number of Troops, 
 according to the Penlion he receives; whit h in ail A- 
 mountto 368000 Foot and '^Scto Horfe. fbey tarry 
 FireArmsas well as Bow and Arrows; and are alio 
 furnirtiedvlch Javelins and Srynmars. Aiidmoieovcr 
 the Hor''i; wear Cuiralfcs, and the FootHelmets. B.y 
 rtafoii of the f 'cnty of Mines in Jj/'o", the Re- 
 fining Metals J praiiUfed with Ait, whence it 
 comes to pafs, thit their Steel is exf client, and there- 
 fore their Arms, as Scymitars, Daggers, &;c. are 
 found to exceed all others, and therefore much Co- 
 veted by a II the Dcighbouiing Nations, but forbid to 
 be exported. 
 
 The TEMPER of the People is thusreprcfent- 
 cd by Travellers. They are careful in the Edu- 
 cation of their Children, and inltilinto theirminds 
 .T Love of Glo.y and Virtue. They arc Featlefs in 
 Dangers, contemn Death, and bear the Inclemen- 
 cies ofi Weather, Heat and Cold, Wet and Dry 
 with Patievce, and contrary to all other aien- 
 tals, fuftain Watthings and fuch like Labours in- 
 credibly. 
 
 They enjoy themfelves in Pleafurcs as- niu^h 
 as any Body, but in want of them are not Dif- 
 contented. They arc not covetous aftei) much 
 Wcahh, contenting thcmfclves with a Compe- 
 tency. They are Honourable in Fidelity, and a- 
 TQid allDeUR^ioB. 
 
 ■?3 m 
 
 . M i . 31 
 
 :i."(<.;f 
 
 tew' 
 
 They 
 
f AT ON. 
 
 m 
 
 152 
 
 They are in cehetal (fays Mtffem) Wife, Acute 
 and Ingenious, furpalline not only the Orientals, 
 but even r.uropeam in Docility, as the Jefuits ex- 
 perienced in their eafy learning Latin and the Libe- 
 ral Sciences. They obfcrvc a Dccoriini in their 
 fommon Speech, and avoid all loofe, light or vain 
 Prattling. But on the other fide, they are apt to 
 Debauch in Hlcafures, and not only indulge them- 
 fclvcs in Fornication, but commit Sodomy too with- 
 out Rcmorfe. Robbery upon the High-way, and 
 Pir.icy at Sea is frequent. And when in War 
 a Town is taken, they deftroy it with Fire and 
 Sword, without any diftindlion or rcfpedl. In o- 
 thcr inftances, they are aifo too much addidcd 
 to Cruelty; and in Difcontent, are apt to Jay vi- 
 olent hands on themfelves. In Marriage, they 
 take as many Wives as they can keep, but the 
 firrt is Suprcam, and her Children the Heirs. 
 Lands are Hereditary, and the Fathers Eftatc is 
 I'oiriireil by the Son, and not feizcd by the Empcrot 
 
 as III liiiiin. 
 
 The Wives arc very Chaft and faithful to their 
 Husbands, and the Children very obedient and 
 refpeiftful to their Parents. But Brothel Houfes are 
 Publickly kept for thofc that have ro Wives, and 
 the very Bonii's themfelves will be guilty of So- 
 domy. 
 
 In Punifliments the Government is very Severe. 
 Almoft every Crime is punilhed with Death, ex- 
 cept the Criminal be a King or Prince. Cheat- 
 ing at flay, or Fallifying to a Magiitratc, and 
 fuch fort of Faults do coininonly incur Death. 
 Theft, th'Jugh but of a Penny, and aftrokewith .t 
 Sword, even though the Scabbard be on, alfo for- 
 feitb Lite. Every Lord and Father of a Family, 
 Ibmc lower Ranks excepted, have power over their 
 Sub|C(Ss and Valfals to Life and Limbs. Prifons 
 Rrc not uftd here, the Criminal being immediate- 
 ly dilpatched. For finall Tranfgrelfions a pecu- 
 iliaiy Mulil fatisfies. But in atrocious Crimes, 
 fuch as violating the I lupcrors Edids, cheating 
 liim in his Finiuncc, Counterfeiting the Coin, 
 ill Adminiftration in Magiilracy, fctting a Houfe 
 on Fire, Deflowring a niarryed Woman or Maid 
 if violently. See. Not only the Criminal, but c- 
 vcn his Father, Sons, and Brothers are all put to 
 Death. Which is performed upon them all at 
 the fame time, although they dwell at i or joo 
 Miles dillance, for the time wherein Mefleiigers may 
 arrive at every place being Calculated, the Cri- 
 minal is Reprieved fo long, and then at the fame 
 Mid-Day the feveral Executions are made. Thus, 
 fays CuroH, I knew an inftance, wherein a Noble- 
 man for exadling too much Tribute upon the 
 Countrymen within his Government futtered Death, 
 together with three Brothers, whereof one lived 240 
 Miles oif, an Uncle *vho dwelt ftill further off, three 
 Sons, two whereof were alfo far off, and a Ne- 
 phew in the fame Circumflancc. All thefe inno- 
 cent Pctfons, at various diftant parts of the Em- 
 pire, were all executed at once, by ripping up their 
 Bowels, which is the manner of Death in fuch ca- 
 fes. For Theft, they Crucifie with the Head down- 
 wards. In the cafe of Coufanguineous Punifliments, 
 the Female Relations are kinder treated, being only 
 (old into llavcry for a time. The Kingsand Princes 
 are rarely put to Death, but in lieu of it, arc baniflied 
 10 fonic barren Ifland to fpend their Days in Mifery. 
 
 Their Cloathing is of Silk, Woollen Cloath bein? 
 unknown to them, and confiAs of a long Coat, a 
 fliort Velt, and within Doors a Mantle, which ('tis 
 odd) they put otf when they go abro.id. Their 
 Heads are always bare, notwithftanding that the 
 Hair be ihorn, for they wear none but a Lock in 
 their Pole : but generally have Umbrcllo's carryed 
 over their Heads, Bcrh gentle and limplc wear 
 Swords, or Daggers at leaft, and have commonly a 
 Fann in their Hands. Their Garments arc of va- 
 rious Colours, but contrary to the relt of the 
 World, black is the Colour of Jo\, and ihcrefore 
 ufcd at Feltivals, and white their Mourning Weed. 
 Their contrariety in Cuftoms to the reft of the 
 World, is a matter of common Obfcrvation ; be- 
 (ides thefe above mentioned, 'tis noted of tlitni 
 that they AffeA to h.ive black Teeth and Nails • 
 they fit down inllcad of rifing when a Supcriout 
 approaches, and put off their Ihoocs in Salutation 
 and inftead of bowing, ere£l their Bodies the more 
 (hffly when they Salute. 
 
 In the Liberal Sciences they exceed all other O 
 rientals, and are not inferio;"- to the CliMju. J|,e 
 Bonzi'sor Dodors (tudy Philolophy, Mlthematick.< 
 &c. .IS well as their own Theology, which tiiev 
 teach 111 Academies cliablifhcd for the ftuciy of 
 the Sciences. Whereof one at I'rentijnm, about 9 
 Miles didant from Mciio, and another at Vf.culM^iti^ 
 are reckoned the principal. Although their I'an- 
 guage be different, the Charaders ihcy ufc in wri.. 
 ting arc the fame with the Chinrj. , and with them 
 too they write, not in Lines but in Columns, be- 
 ginning at the top go dowji to the bottom of the 
 I'aper. 
 
 Their Food is chiefly Rice, whereof as wc have 
 faid they have the whiteft in the \Vorld, th.s they 
 Cook in various manners, but cat very little Fleih. 
 As for Oxen, Sheep, Hops, Poultry and tlit like, 
 they never cat, nor kill, althou{:li their number a- 
 bound ; nay, 'tis even capit.-il to kill an Ox : 
 what Fledi they do Eat is that of wild IScalls and 
 chielly Vcnifoti. Filh ihey fcniple not, and 
 have furticicnt quantities of it. 'I heir other Ford 
 is Herbs and Fruits, whereof they eat great quantity. 
 In their Kitching and Dining-Rooni, they are like the 
 Chinefi, cxtream cleanly, and like them too. feed 
 themfelves with two little Sticks, infteail of Forks, 
 with which they take up the fmallelt Grain, and 
 have never occaiion to touch the Food, and coiile- 
 qucntly need no Napkins, which are not in ufe 
 there. 
 
 For Drink ; Water is the common ufe, which it 
 fcems they w.arm a little ; they know not the ufe 
 of Wine or Ale, but make a Decoelion of Rice, 
 with Sugar and Honey, which is drank in Debauch 
 and Fuddles them. The Gentry Regale in Tea, 
 which is much cftccmed. 
 
 The RELIGION of yo^OT is Ethmc, but with 
 no Affinity to that of any other Countrcy. They 
 Worftiip the Sun, the Moon, and manyothct Deities 
 which themfelves have invented, and fct up Idols to 
 in Sumptuous Temples. The two princi| al GckIs 
 which they call upon, arc named Xaci: and /lmid.1, 
 to thefe they make Praters on al! occalicns, and 
 ufe their Names as we do GoJs, as //;///;/.; 
 bit/) w. Amida, /end ui health. Xaca, C,Mrd 1/1, 
 
 They 
 
 
 &c 
 

 f A 9 N. 
 
 They have no Hiflory of the Creation, nor in- 
 deed pretend at all tu fpeak to it, but Date the 
 Aeei of their Deities tnany tlioufand Years ago. 
 They generally believe the Immortality of the Soul, 
 and though they pretend not lo Dcfcribc the State 
 of the Blelfed, they believe the Wicked will be 
 punilhcd bv Devils, and therefore paint the Devil 
 in their Temples in as horrid a Manner as we 
 do, to deter Men from Sin. They generally Ljlicvc 
 tbeWiitfjDoiflniicof Tranfmigration of Souls, which 
 ii the Reafon they Eat no Creature that has been 
 killed. They have rich Monafteries wherein Bonzi's 
 live in Retirement and Celibacy all their lives. 
 There are divers Seds of Religions, but they all 
 agree in the Worlhip of Amitt-t and Xncj, and 
 ill thcfc fivi- Precepts; ii'^ i. Not to kill, or eat 
 any Creature ih:u li.is been killed, a. Not to Steal. 
 3. Not to coiinnit Adultery. 4. Nut to Lye. And 
 ^.To abllain fiom Wine. The feveral Sectaries Live 
 toijithtr Fiundly, an.l never quaml about Reli- 
 gion, although ra h is fo very obftiiiate in In-, 
 Opinion, that on occafioii he would Dye for 
 
 They have many Ceremonies agreeable to thole 
 of the l{cmijh Church, which might contribute to 
 the Facility the Jefuits found in introducing Chri- 
 flianity here .- That Work the /Vru_!;«f^f commenced 
 about the middle of the XVlth Century, and hav- 
 ing made fonrie Converts in the chief Cities, Father 
 Xivicr in Ai.no Oomiti, l^"!,!. fent from IndU thttc 
 Fathers which were foon after followed by others, 
 and the Religion was fo far propagated, that in 
 Kitigiliicl^ alone, there were not lefs than 40000 
 Chriftians, when the Perfecution began, and more- 
 over Chappels were ere(fled all over the Countrey 
 at reafonablc diftances, and innumerable were the 
 Converts which the 70 Years that Chriftianity flou- 
 rilhed here produced. But in the heighth of their 
 Felicity, when even three Kings and many Noblemen 
 as well as lowerDegrtes had received Baptilin ■ a fud- 
 den order came from the Emperor that then Reij^ned, 
 (named Combo or Combcfnmtnn ' in the end ot the 
 Ycari6«. or beginning nf 1613. to extirpate Chn- 
 ihanity throughout all the Provinces. Which was 
 immediately executed, and for three Years together 
 fo violent a Perfecution was carryed on, that many 
 thoufands fuffered Martyrdom. And in eifeft Chri- 
 ftianity was perfcdly Eradicated, infomuch, that 
 although of alt the Heathen Countries, Chrillianity 
 the fonneft gained Footing, and fpread the faftell 
 here, it is now fo much altered, that of all Hea- 
 then Countries where Chrifttanity has ever been 
 Preached, this ia the molt deititutc of Chriftians. 
 A«d fo jealous they are, that no Eipope.vis what- 
 foeverbut the Dutch are permitted to Land there. 
 Thefc indeed from the profitable Trade they Nego- 
 tiate, by furnilhing the 3''f">'I': with Silk-Stuffs, 
 Calicoes, Raw-Silk, Skins, Hemp, Linnen, Cioaths, 
 Red Wool, Cirnients, Quick-Silver, Sugar, Spices, 
 Porcelain, Ivory, Crabs-Eyes, Lacca, Sec. arc per- 
 mitted to Trade here, hut dare not make the leaft 
 fliew of Religion, not even fo much as to fay 
 Grace to Meat. And in regard that they contemn 
 thePiaures, Croffes, Rofarics and other Superfti- 
 lions of the Jefuits, and trample on what thofc 
 knelt to, the Japonefe arc content to take their 
 Anfweti That the; arc Dutchmen, and believe them 
 BOtChiiiHans, 
 
 *53 
 
 Formerly the Inhabitants of 7.i[>on and C/j »>/<*< 
 had great intercourfe and FKADE together, and 
 many of each lived in the other Nation: bur a- 
 bout the beginning of the lall Century, the J/tpr.- 
 ticjei committing fone Infolencics in China gave 
 an occalion to that Emperor to Fianith them in- 
 tirely, and forbid his own Subjcfts to go to J"- 
 pon. And after that Tnjoi.mn in Fmmcfa was made 
 the Staple of Trade by mutual Agrrcnunt of bo:h 
 Nations. The 'Jnponcjes alfo made great Traffick 
 in SUm, Tonijuin and other Parts But latterly, 
 fince the cxpulfio"- of the ChrilHans , rhe Empe- 
 ror forbids his Subjcdts to go abiniid without e- 
 fpecial Li-enl'e. Either becauCe lie tVars they will 
 become Chrirtians by convcrfing with them jn o- 
 ther Countries, or becaufe they are ap-m lie Rude 
 in f')rc:gti Parts, or b^caiifc iln \ ufrc. co Mvr ow 
 Arms winch we have told ytu Jiip.» aHurds of 
 excellent 'iomperarrent. or for all thefc Reaionsas 
 lome judye, their Navigition is much rcnrained, 
 and the Commodities nt Simi, Tnji.in and tlie 
 I/landi arc brought thither by the Natives of thofe 
 Countries and the Dutch. 
 
 The firft EwopT.tus tli.ir Traded to Jitpm were 
 the Pottuguc:{c, who found the way thither in the 
 Year 1541. Afterwards the Spmianli from rhe 
 Phillipim Jflands made profirable Voyages thither. 
 Soon after the Year i<'oo. the /•>;;///'.' had a Trade 
 there; And laftly the D:/n-''. Thcfe have been a- 
 ble to keep their Station, by to v plying, as we 
 have faid fofar in niakiri^ ro lurw ot Religion, as' 
 to be efteemcd not ChriiVians. But they are ob- 
 liged to deliver up their (lurs, and all forts cf Of- 
 fenfive Arms, and even the Rudders of their Shii< 
 to the Emperors Commiflaries, as foon as th"y ar- 
 rive, which are rcltored when they return. This 
 Trade has been exceeding profitable to the Dw.ck, 
 even to the Sum of 150000 Poniuis Sterling /ifi An- 
 nwn, but it is diminiihed one half, (incc the fmpnr 
 dencc they were guiltyof in the Year 1640. wi.en 
 having obtained leave to build a Magazine .'"or 
 theii Wares, they credted fo ftrong and beautiful 
 a Building, that the Fmperor made them pull it 
 down again the next Year, alledging it exceed- 
 ed any of his own Caftles. And ever fmce, the 
 "^apontfc have looked upon the Dutch with an evil 
 Eye, abated the prices of their Goods, and rai- 
 fed their own prices at pleafure. And inftead of 
 rheir fine Building, they have been forced to ac- 
 cept of an old Portu(iie^e Church, which was grant- 
 ed to them for their Warehoufe in the fmall Ifland 
 AC/A"'' near N.ing.ific, which is their chief Staple of 
 Tiade. 
 
 The Commodities of J-ip->r for Exportation, 
 arc as we have faid Silver, fome fmall quantity 
 of Steel, and divers other Metals, Coral, Pearl 
 and fome Jewels, together with Rice. What the 
 Dutch vend, there we have mentioned above anil 
 need not repeat. It muft he noted, that no Cu- 
 ftom cr Tax is paid on Goods exported or im- 
 ported. 
 
 The BUILDINGS ' in J^pon arc generally of 
 Wood and of mean Fabrick, not but that there 
 are fome of Stone, and elegantly adorned. The 
 Temples are Magnificent, and the Monafteries of 
 Bonzi's large and well built. There is plenty of 
 Wood both for Building and Fuel, for which Rea- 
 fon, as well as becaufe the Land is tubjetft to Eartk- 
 quakes, the common People have no other but lov» 
 wooden Hottfcs. This renders the Towns very 
 X Subjea 
 
 . -.i-.ST^ 
 
 .1:: !l9 
 
 •V .1 t" 
 
 ■l-"t 
 
 .1%'M' 
 
IH 
 
 f A T N. 
 
 % 
 
 ll ■ 
 
 NubicCt to r-irc, which lus fcveral limcs made vaft 
 Dfvaftations. Tlicy luvc liowevci always an A- 
 pirtmem of Stone oi Uatth feparate from ilie reft 
 of the Hoiiff, and is ihcicliy prcferveJ from the 
 I'irc : htnc ihcy placi' ilicir tiv-bi'ft movialilts, and 
 luck up ihtir i.hoifill Waris in Chcfls. And the 
 'I'iiJibcr building, is i licit C'han\bcr, Diniiig-Hnom, 
 and place of lellowmg thm Goods of fni ilkr 
 value. The Moor of the lUioms i< a Pavimciit co- 
 \eicj with Mans, and always kt-pt very ilean , 
 upon thcfe Matts ihc\ fit with ilieir l.cRs under 
 them as oi'iei Oiiciuals, and with foirc inipnivc- 
 mcnt niaki; them thcii Beds t< o. The Noble- 
 tnenji Hoiilci arc diMili.il into two diftinifl I'arts, 
 vvhirtof one is iv-iupicil ty the Wtntcn, wherein 
 tiicy I.VL Kctlufr, and the oihcr polfeired by the 
 Men, and never looked into by the Womc.i. Be- 
 fore the Houf'.'s of the (jrcat Men, there is a Court, 
 out >.■{ wlueh they JeLtiid i fi w fteps into the 
 <iar>'en, whieli ii well proviJetl with green Trees 
 •ind Fioweii, Tcnalfes and A/ounts ; and makes a 
 j>ix)d!y lliew from the very I'mch, to whii;li there 
 ts always a full Vifio tbrounh the Houle. The 
 Walls of the Cbamliers arc hung with Pi£liires or 
 p.iitited Pajier, \vhiv;h is very neatly put togcthei ; 
 and the I'ai titions are inadc to open, or even to be 
 removci', in fuiii manner, that out of three or foui 
 fmall Roonti a large Hall may bcoccafionally made. 
 The furniture is not verv coftly, nor their Cabineti 
 befet wiih Jewels ot Plate. Porcelain Velfeis. 
 whereof they have fonit of great Magnitude and 
 Finencls, I'idures and fine .*)worJs are the chief 
 Oina;nentsof ilitit Apartments: except the Furni- 
 ture for Tea Drinking which they clioofe to have 
 lit the iitheli Matenah they can atford. The 
 5>taits to the upper Apartments .ire made of Cedar, 
 with curious Art and neatncis ; anti kept fo clean, 
 that 110 Botiy will »rcad on them with their Shoacs 
 on. 
 
 The inaiid NIPHON or JAPON is the Main 
 part of this tmpire, being in Extent as ive have 
 faid, vaftly larger than the other Illands, and reck- 
 oned to be 1500 Miles in Conipafs. I' ii divi- 
 ded iiit'j five great Parts, whidi are fubdivided 
 into -iS uiliint't Governments or Provinces. The 
 chief Cities in it arc, 
 
 Metco, which ^ me Metropolis of the whole 
 Enipiie, feated near the middle of the South Coalt, 
 on a Rtvei whuh ilfuing from the great Lake, falls 
 lira a Bay of the Ocean. It coiirms of two Parts, 
 the Upper and the Lower Town, and hath been for- 
 iiierty more confiderable than at ptcfcnt, for (incc 
 the Sceptre liatli l>ecn wreftcd from the hands of 
 the D >)">'», the G)urt is no longer kept here; 
 and withal, in the Civil Wars of Nabunan^a, the 
 laft K.uhf), 111 the Year i')7i. he fct thi,s City on 
 Fire, and burnt 9000 Houfes, which though rebuilt, 
 are not lo Uauiiful as before. Ihe jefuits write 
 that it contains an hundred thoufand Houfei, and 
 that it h xu formerly no lefs than 1 80 thoufand. The 
 Walls are of vai) eiteiit, .And the City aixl Suburbs 
 have been reckoned 20 Miles long aod 9 broad. The 
 Heir of the U^yr,> Family refide.s here, and keeps a 
 noble Court, being as we liave faid Sovcieign Van- 
 titf, very much honoured by the People, and vifited 
 I'V tbc bmpcfut btinlelf, every il^rce or four 
 Years, 
 
 Saecai, feaicd ilfo on the South C(/aft on the Baj 
 of Meaco, isa moft Wealthy and Populous City : on 
 the Well its Walls are walhcd by the Sea, and on all 
 the other lides by a deep Ditch alwav s tuU of Water, 
 which renders it Itrong and free from external Af- 
 faults, and the method of (liurting up the Wards or 
 Streets in all tlie Cities , is we have laid, renderi it 
 I'afe from inteftinc Feuds, ind therefure is retorted 
 to by Foreigners on account of Trade. 
 
 Jetl:i or Teiio, feated above joo Miles more to the 
 Faftward, on a Bay of the Ocean to wliieh it gives 
 Name, may be now reckoned the ehiefCity, becatilc 
 it is the place where the Fmperor rf fules. The La 
 (lie or I'.ilaic is Magnihcent and Stately: it is fur- 
 rounded with three ftveral Ditches and Walls beyond 
 one another, with large Pljins between. The Water 
 is conveyed out o! one Ditch into the other, by fo 
 many Pipts under ground, that they are all eciually 
 full. There arc eiglr- or nine Gates, which are nut 
 over againft one another, but in Angular form, to 
 that they turn often to the right and left, before they 
 arrive at the inner Court. Between every two (lares-, 
 there is firft a large Plain, then an Afcni by Stone 
 fleps into Works with high Walls, then oilier void pla- 
 ces, where thoiifands rf Soldiers may I e ranged in 
 Battalia on occalion. All which reniler it fefiicieiitly 
 ftrong. The inner Court which is the Royal Apart- 
 rr.ent, confifts of many large fpacious Lodgings, 
 Halls and Ofliccs for the Fmrcrnr and his Wives, liir- 
 nidicd with Groves, Canals, Filli-ponds and other 
 conveniences, in the moft cxquifitc manner. The 
 Lodgings and Halls arc adorned with the moll precious 
 Furniture and Tapiftries of Silks mixed with Gold 
 and Silver very fp'.endidly. In the Plain before this 
 Palace, there is a Theatre, wherein Cotricdies and 
 Plays arc A(acd. 
 
 In the Circuit next without, the Emp'Tors kindred 
 atid chief Councellors have their Palaeis. In the third 
 Circuit which is the firll in cntring, the Kings and 
 Princfr live in noble and fplendid Houfes covered 
 with Gold. Beyond this third Circuit are feen the 
 Houfes of tbc Peers, and Noblemen of lower Degree 
 which are alfo richly adorned, and make the Cal>lc at 
 a diftance appear like a Mountain of Gold. The 
 Noblemen of the lower as well as higher order 
 ftrive to outdo one another in the Splendor of their 
 Houfes, and thereby arc cflcemed to ihew the greater 
 icfped to the Emperor. 
 
 liithcfe Houfes the Heirs of the Noblemen, whom 
 as we have told you arckcptat Court, and the Pr.nces 
 whoiiltheii turnsas we have faid, .irc to wait ar Court 
 relide. Tliefe with their Attendants make a grei' 
 Cuncourfe of People, and render the City extrcam 
 populous. 
 
 The Circuit ofthc Caflle is about five E'liUfli Miles, 
 and the whole City may fwell to doublethat. Ihis 
 Palace IS not talked of in the Jeluits I ctrers, beraufe 
 it was not then buili , bemg Founded by the Emperor 
 Taikpn who Reigned about Anno Dcm. 1600. 
 
 The hinpcror has many other Caltles conveniently 
 feated all over the Country, whereof that of Nkkt 
 is remarkable, on account of the inaiiy thoufand 
 Artificer!, as Goldfmiths, Jewellers, Painters, Bra- 
 ziers, Smiths, &c. which ate kept at Work on curious 
 pieces at the Emperors eipence. 
 
 Surunga the place v^herc the Emperors clde(l Son 
 refides. Ofiia-^ an Imperial City, Siijoja, extolled 
 by the Dutch Embafly as a mofl deligntftil place. 
 And 
 
 Many 
 
 The feconi 
 otherwjie ca 
 which lyesal 
 ded on its N 
 is rrckoncd 1 
 into nine Pro 
 Capital. iV^ 
 wauls polfelli 
 where the I'ou 
 
 XICOCO, 
 or 1 OKOLS 
 ing 110 I eagi 
 I'lovinccs. ll 
 South of Niph 
 
 H 
 
 Avingno', 
 exaiil vit 
 manner as co 
 We llionld no' 
 of thar parto 
 gnat, 'twill bi 
 miiid to it at c 
 Travelling mc 
 by a (hurt Rec 
 which have no 
 him to the ME 
 will be alfo nci 
 in /Ifrici:. 
 
 Firft therefo 
 general, we ir 
 hcicntly Bount 
 repay the lal 
 Grains and Fr 
 licious than t 
 Governments 
 be much more 
 and fo many 
 great part of 
 ('/;/m.i and y _ 
 ftacl Culture 
 that it is n 
 but rather the 
 Grounds lye 
 obfcrved,that 
 is very full o 
 habitants, tin 
 c us and Ind 
 Lazy ones, 
 much Pcrfeil 
 not wanting : 
 
 Different ( 
 very well be 1 
 us. We ha\ 
 every Naticn 
 ar to our Rea 
 to be fpoken 
 omitted. I r 
 fore lliall fpc; 
 
 In China, 
 regular, and 
 convenience 
 Country (vvl 
 
 •"i 
 
f A TO N. 
 
 Many other confidcrable Cicie.<, and imuimcrablc 
 Towns art- fi:cnlKTC, the whojc IHand being exceed- 
 ing Populous, hurwehave no p.iiticiilar accounts of 
 (k'ni, and merely tu Name them will iignitie little. 
 
 The fecond Ifland in Magnitude is SA YCOCK, 
 otherwilc called BONCK), CIKOKO or XIMt), 
 which lyes at 'he Souch-Weft end of Niphon, divi- 
 ded en its Noi th fide by a very narrow Straight. It 
 IS r'lkontd i6t Leagues in compafs, and is ilivided 
 into nine Provini.-s. The chief Cities arc Bo«^o the 
 ("apif;il. i\.»(,M/,r, built by the /'o'^u^w^c, and alter- 
 wauls polfeHej by the Dm/c/j. Con^eiv;/i«/«, the place 
 wherethc I'oitugw^c fird Landed. 
 
 XICOCOorCIKOK.A, oihcrwiferalled TONSA 
 orTOKOtSY [% the third lli.inciin M.ignitudc: be- 
 inj< 110 1 caciies in Compils, and divided into four 
 I'lovlnces. It hts on the Eaft of 'Sr.Hock, and on the 
 Spilth ot Niphon, at a iinall dillaiKe from ciilier, be- 
 
 155 
 
 ing divided by a narrow Channel. Its chief Cuifi 
 
 are 
 
 N'/ttxT, a City and Caftic of beautiful Struilhire, 
 iIk- Houfes whereof are Magiiihcent, .ind built in our 
 manner with GlaN Windows, whi.hi^a nnty mi Ins 
 Country The l-uriiiluie of ilieiii iscxtreaiu ncit, 
 and the Wainr-ottiiig of Iwcet fmellmg Cedar. In 
 the Walls are engraved the Annals of an lent tinns, 
 with Figures in void lp.iccs i uiioully .idorncd wiili 
 Ciold. Of the other i.hicf Citie\ wliiili .ire i, »,/,?, 
 Sumiehi, /;o, &c. I find nothing particular. 
 
 THERE are abundance of fmall lllaiids whirh he 
 difpcrfed round about the Coalks of ihefe large onc>.. 
 liut nothing being mentioned by I'ravelKrs tlut de- 
 ferves Tranfcribing ; We Hull hcrtClufe our account 
 
 of JitprH. 
 
 Ami thereby conclude the Dclcriprion of ASI.A, 
 having we hope given our Kc.icler a fufficicnt View of 
 every part of it. 
 
 *i "' 
 
 ■"'1 
 
 'i 
 
 < 
 
 "ii 
 
 
 ' ' II-'' 
 
 , 1 . 
 
 t 
 
 HAving now palfed through ASL^, and taken an 
 exaiil \ iew of the Countries of it, in as ample a 
 manner as could be done with certainty and truth. 
 We lliould now proceed to AFRICA, butfhcdiftance 
 of that part of 4tiica we (hall begin with, being fo 
 great, 'twill be unnatural ro our Reader to turn his 
 mind to it at once, and ihercfbrc to comply with our 
 Travelling method, Ihall return back over Land, and 
 by a fhurt Recapitulation and mention of a few thingit 
 which have not been fpoke enough to; wc will lead 
 himtotheMEDITERRANEAN-SfcA, of which it 
 will be alfo nccelfary to fpcak a little before we Land 
 in /Ifric/t. 
 
 Firft therefore, to conlidei this Trad of Land in 
 general, wc may truly fay, that Nature has been fuf- 
 licicntly Bountiful to it, and the Earth willabundantly 
 repay the Labour of the ingenious Planter. I'he 
 Grains and bruits here produced, being far more De- 
 licious thanihole of Euicpc, But the Tyranny of tlie 
 CJoiernments fo far difcourages Iiiduftry, that it may 
 be much more wondcrd there is lo much work done, 
 and fo many Manufaiftures produced, than that a 
 great part of the Land lies uncultivated. In Pr>J'nt, 
 ('himt and J/tpon where Lands are Hereditary, we fee 
 enact Culture and admirable Plenty, which (hews 
 that it is not the natural Lazynefs of the Orientals 
 but rathcn he precarious Property that makes their 
 Ground.s lycuntilled. The Header cannot but have 
 obfcrved.that PerfiaJi!di.t,Cl>iria,and all beyond lutkiy, 
 isvery full of Inhabitants, and tluit among tbofe In- 
 habitant:, there is much a larger number ot Ingeni- 
 cus and Induftrious Men than there is of Rude .ind 
 Lazy ones. That manuil Arts are praiftifcd with 
 much Pcrfcilion ; and that Politeiiefi of Manners is 
 not wanting among them. 
 
 Different Cuitoms, Food and way of living may 
 very well be expe£fed in Countries lb far diftant from 
 us. We have been careful lo note the Manners of 
 every Nation, and the variety is thereby made famili- 
 ar to our Reader. But that which ought efpecially 
 to be fpoken to, as moft affediing Strangers has been 
 omitted. I mean their waysof Travelling, and there- 
 fore lliall fpeak a word of ic here- 
 in Chiru, the Voiture in general is good, the Stages 
 regular, and the palTagc fafe. All over India that 
 convfnicncc is wanting, and even in the iWi);;ui"s 
 Country (which is the molt legular part of it) the 
 
 Travellers arc obliged tofurnifli tlicmli'lvcs with I'.n- 
 vilioiis and Guards; fur there are nu Inns 'ipoii the 
 Koad-s ; and the Comrry is inu h incited with /<?)- 
 hodci, who Prey upnii I'alleng.n. Neither are cun 
 the great Cities furnilhcd with Ciiravanfcravsor great 
 Inns, .isin I't-rfi.i and I'lrkn. In /''■■//';, the (ioverii- 
 ment fecurcs the Roadi; I'lu m Ji/'i;.7 they arealways 
 infeftcd with Robbers ; ihiTe llerd in great B.dies, 
 and are not to be aw'd but by a hrge Coinp.iny. 
 Whcretore no Man ventures to'lVavel but in a Cara- 
 van, that isto fay, a laigeTroopof Men, ol'teiiiiiues 
 5 or 6oo who are all Armed, and .\n innumerible 
 Train of Camels and other Cattir : Thefc encamp 
 a-Nights in the open Air, and keep Centinels on ad 
 (ides. But perhaps it may pkal'e our Reader better 
 to have it from the Travellers themlclvcs wUn have 
 beciubere, wc Ihall therefore Tiaiifcribc a Paijgraph 
 from la-jcrnii-i . 
 
 'A Man (fays he' cannot Ti.ivcl in.//;.ias they 
 ' do in JiH(o/T, nor at the Uinc Hours or with the 
 ' fame Eafc. There are no weekly Coai lies or Wag- 
 gons from 'I'own to Town, and bclides, the Soil of 
 ' the Countries i'- nf levcral Natuiej, for you frc- 
 ' (juciuly meet with Lands unfilled, and Countries 
 ' wiipeoplcd, eithtr through the badiiefs of the Soil, 
 ' or ihe lloth of the Inhabitants. There arc valt De- 
 ' farts to crofs, which are very dangcrous,both for want 
 ' of Water, and by realon of thcRoberiesthe //i.i/i 
 ' daily conMuit in thole places. Thcbcft Inn* are the 
 ' Tents which you carry with you, and your Holh are 
 ' your Servants, who get ready the Victuals you tur. 
 ' nifh your felf with at the Towns you pals through 
 ' for there are no certain Stages or Inns upon the Road, 
 ' at lead in Twk^y. In I'cjin, the Caravenlcrays or 
 ' Inns arc more frequent, here you may be furnilhcil 
 ' with Proii'ions for Monev. InTurliry, the Coun- 
 ' try is full of Thieves wlin keep in Troops together, 
 ' arid way-lay the Merchants upon the Roads, and 
 ' if they be not very wi P guarded, will notonly Kob 
 ' but Murther them, hut m Pcjli, PalTengcrs pay a 
 ' certain Duty to the CJovcrnoiirs of th; Provinces, 
 ' and :f"' King obliges the Governours tofecurc rhe 
 ' Roads,and repay thclofs a Travellerlulhin«, vvhere- 
 ' fore it is not nccelfary to Travel with the (.aravins 
 ' there. In Travelling with the Caravan, fays Father 
 ' Av> HI, you muft be on Horfeback by break of Day, 
 ! and T;avel till Noon, or till ^ou come to. conveni- 
 ent 
 
 i.'.ni 
 
 n >.,• 
 
 ! I-- 
 
 ':-':»iriii 
 
 ■ii ' 
 
 ' 11 
 
1^6 
 
 f AT N. 
 
 'I I 
 
 ill 
 
 ;i'> 
 
 I' 
 
 ■ ont place fut Water o' Forage. Tluru- you tarry 
 ' perhaps i llours, and rclrclh your fcif with FooJ, 
 ' rruir, (Jotllc or wlut yciu liavc got. Then you 
 ' mount ai^ain aiul Travel till Ni((hf, when they en- 
 
 * camp 111 a KiikI ot' HiicloUirc or Entrenchment (ur- 
 
 * roiiiiiinl with Ropes, to which they tyc the Horirs. 
 ' 'I he lk;;i>,ip,(; bciiij; placcJ in the middle, rvtrv 
 ' Bofiy get's a., mat it x- he can, and havinp, taken 
 
 ■ his .Slipper l.os himfelf to Rctl under the Ten*. 
 ' which he nitilt briiij; with him. And by realun the 
 ' ('ar.iv.iiii are expolevl to Robbers, there are always 
 ' rertaiii IVrloii'- appointed to I'airol coniinnaliy in 
 " tlic Night timL-, and by Hallowing, give notict 
 ' both tothe(;ai.i\aii and totheEiieiny, that they an 
 ' upon their tiuaid. 
 
 All the Ri);i;ai;e is carryed on the back of Came!';, 
 whcrcjt' there arc niJinarily "i or (Uo ;n a t'ara\jr,. 
 This Creature i.se!irrejmly htitJ by Nature to Travrl 
 ill tlicreCoiiiunc, for Ufides hisStreiigrh which uu 
 li!cv hiiiuocaity a I.".ui of '■■-j pound Weij^ht, he 
 live- with nuiclilefs Foci cr W'.ifei tlian other Crea- 
 tures. When the Caravan .f|f and ihe C'iinels arc 
 unloadiii, the Drivers turn •./in iuuif iiuo the Com- 
 mon to cat Furze, Thillle', a;.d M h lorry Food as the 
 CIrouiid affords, and when rhcv -ime in at Ni<;ht. 
 as lliey regularly <.\o, they give ihcni fmall Palls of 
 Dough made of Barley-Meal. They will ordinarily 
 live without Drink eight or nine Days together The 
 Female goes eleven Months with young, and affoon as 
 the Foal is come foith, the keepers l.ip the l.ei{sunder 
 It, and keep it in a kneeling poflurc for 15 or Jo Days, 
 whereby they habituate tlieiii from infaiiLy to knee!, 
 which they very obediently perform at any time, arid 
 thereby fu-ilitatc the laying on and taking otf his 
 Load. There are two forts of them, namely oneforc 
 fit only for hot and dry Soils, and cannot Travel in 
 wet dirty Countries; and another which is larger and 
 capable of carrying a Burden of 1 500 pound Weight, 
 but cannot eiukue Heat. Mr. Tavemcir fays, they 
 are fo.irtec\cd with Muli.k, as by it to be provoked to 
 Tiaveloii when weary, or to mend their pace at other 
 times. 
 
 There runs a great Ridge of MOUNTAINS both 
 wa\ 5 tjuitc crofs .•(/i<f,that is to fay, from Wcftto Eaft 
 Mount TAURUS, which commences in Aniuoliaand 
 runs forward to the Kaflern Ocean, and is computed 
 to contain 111 length, all its windings and turnings 
 confiderednearupon6ooo Miles. Of one part of it, 
 namely. Mount Ctticafui we have fpoken, when we 
 treated of Afm^rWia, p. 59. to which we refer our 
 Reader for a knowledge of rhc heighthard qualityof 
 this Mountain. The other Ridge is Mount IMAUS, 
 wh ich beginaeth near the Shore of the Northern Ocean, 
 and dividing Scythin into intra 'and extra Imniini, paf- 
 les forward direiflly South between Pcrfia and India, 
 cutting 1 Jill Mi in right Angles, and continues to Cape 
 Comotin. 
 
 Wefhall trouble the Reader with no mote remarks 
 concerning ////<», what hectn elfe defire to know ii 
 told him in the general Defcription of the feveral Re- 
 gions, and hning there alfo fpoken of the Bltuk^^eti, 
 
 the Cj/^mfi-Sm and the PetfiAn-Colf,:-. We have tie 
 thing to hinder us from piocecding to tlie Mcdiio- 
 rAucan-Sea, whiuh patti Luiope IroiU '/;it<, whitliei 
 we are next to pafs. 
 
 The MFDHERRAKEAN-SnA fo called .ubeii,,, 
 liinoiinded wi;h L.iiid on all tides except at (he iwij 
 Straights, that of iUhrattcr on the Weif, wbicli lets 
 the .itianti.XOitixx into this great Bay, and the B'./- 
 ^.jiKKi on thcFalt, which lets i\k HU '^w i.uxiif.^ta 
 iM'o It. It was named by the Ancients//"//; /'/iwi. W/i.,, 
 Mif Mitx'iu'x and Mi'c lilt- urn. And by the J^jk,. 
 um,', at th;s Da\ 'ti« called A/.t> di- I tvnii.-. 
 
 Ihe Situation of the Mcilirfij»eii>:-!iri, is bciwien 
 ific H ani! ^}l)eg. of I.atit. having /:'H.ii;-on tlic 
 Ni)rth, an<l ///iioon the Souih. In Jeuiiihitcoii- 
 rains 709 leagues. The /Ji«r/' Maps indeed reprc- 
 Ti'nt itnrii h longer, but if the Corrcdion of Lonk^ir. 
 be obferved, this will be found thccxai'.t length. For 
 the Straights Mouth is weil known to Iyc6 Utp. Well 
 from / o)tdm. And by an Oljfervatioii iiiaJetlifrc, 4- 
 Irpfn isknownto lye 38 Deg. 45 Min, Eaftfroni Lon. 
 dull, anil 'icnndcnu which is the Fort to /iltpft is 
 known to ftand i5o Miles Wefl from ^Vfffo: which 
 leaves therefoie ^7 Deg.4-, Mm. Fait, ami 6 Deg Welt 
 that is.jj Deg. 45 Mm. of I ongit. for the full ■. ,i.tli 
 ot the ^leditcrrD/iri-.u-Sfii. Degrees of l.ongir. in 35 IJ. 
 Latit. are of the breadth of 49 Miles ," whicli being 
 computed, will appear to amount to 2l^^ Mil;s (it 
 7e.; I eagucs. 
 
 It is obfervable, that the Water always flows into 
 the M/-/i>cf,!«:rtM a; the Straight of O/iM'^--, out of 
 the W/ij«r;V/; Ocean, and alio .is conftanily Hows m 
 at the Bofphnrus front the lihKk-Seit. Captain Bdlnnd, 
 v\ ho made nbfervation there tells ti.s, rhat inp Yeais 
 time that he lived ar Tj»<cr, he never faw'it fail, 
 that Ships in the middle o'f the Striight, n< i hiiidrcJ 
 by contrary Wind, are carryed into the Mrdurrra 'in 
 by the Stream. And iris well known, tlw at Cot.- 
 jLintimplr i ftrong Stream fcts :(lways in t, ti 'I 
 BUcl{;Se.i. What becomes of all this Water wi.ich 
 IS thus thrown into the Meditennncf.n, is a Qjicltioii 
 that is often asked, butnoteafily anfwered. Whether 
 at the bottonn the Stream runs out ; or whether the 
 Sun exhales Vapour .-nough to anfwer the iiiHiix, as 
 Mr. f/rt//f; fecms indined'to beliew, is notcal'y to de- 
 termine. It is alfo obfervable, that ahhough m the 
 middle of the Straight, there is a broad Stream tha' 
 always fcts in, yet on each (ide there is a S-.ream of, 
 a third part of that breadth, that Flows fix I louts and 
 Ebbs fix Homs every Day. And that a narrower 
 Stream along the Ihorc on each fide. Flows and Ebbs 
 alfo in II Hours, but at diredly contrary times than 
 the other. So that on the 1 11 Day of the Moon, it 
 is Flood at one a Clock and Ebb at fevc n, in the 
 two Streams lyinp next to the tniddle Stream. And 
 the fame Day it is Flood at ten a Clock, ind Ebb at 
 tour in the two narrow Streams neit the llioar. Or 
 rather it Flows at ten and Ebbs at four onthc Ah'cin 
 Ihoar, and Flows at eleven a Clock, anil Ebbs at five 
 on the European flioar. As we axe aflured by the faid 
 Captain Bdlond, 
 
 D] 
 
 AFRICA. 
 
I^l 
 
 General and Particular 
 
 DESCRIPTION 
 
 o F 
 
 AFRICA. 
 
 A F R I C A. 
 
 ' I- 
 
 ":.'*- 
 
 ■'«•-•!>: 
 
 I -.I'lt 
 
 '; 1' >i 
 

 ii':\ 
 
 Wit 
 
 ,i f K I C //, 
 
 a Map o±* 2 AAR A. NEGROE-lwAND. GXJ IISTE A c^c.t. »/<,/(;; ,, 
 
 
 i: 
 
 .ofi:!. 
 
 Sanl^aya K 
 
 P^4. ji r or 
 
 Li:l?•■w____;»• 
 
 I Tag-r* K. . X^mpa JUul'T! BirJo !!,-.»• 
 
 
 r^n^4 
 
 r^-v'? "^ ^ A A RiTA r^ OR THK 
 
 
 
 (;;(;i- 
 
 _^ Sum* ■ 
 
 D E^ s. 
 
 ..w*-* «yS 
 
 =R 
 
 
 ti^K, 
 
 ^S 
 
 
 T*r.A.A -T H. iTv'I' -^ ^ o . ' ' sTof tKc 
 
 'i*** sta 
 
 rarA K 
 
 lA#rfM X^it I 
 
 JAfM £l> 
 
 f'At^xmij . J*>* 
 
 \4*nJ*\ '»'*",.. 
 
 faints I 
 
 lujjtm 
 
 -iiui£ar«K:- 
 
 » o < 
 
 
 '^ \s.,h.,h.. 
 
 
 
 ./«. 
 
 S 
 
 
 ^' 
 
 
 ^, O-llttU 
 
 \ Jyjiyu 
 
 
 >«.Ju^' 
 
 U 
 
 J>t^rit. 
 
 rt* ld«» of C. VK K.1) } 
 
 J"' 
 
 
 Xoanv-o X , 
 • Ji. .*■■ 
 
 iiT-^" ^ 
 
 S'Jtih'itJar 
 
 .«p^ 
 
'-■VV^K 
 
 V -v*. 
 
 // F R I C A. 
 
 16-!; 
 
 ''JT. 
 
 
 X-.^v/'-vS 
 
 NNX^ 
 
 l'*,.-^'; 
 
 ^\: 
 
 
 ?cr B A It ^Ji A \ii -r: v-^ .»t\-f' .»-.*'— 
 
 jP.oti v^ ..». wtrert of Bare A -^% .,/:?: 
 t i • p. 
 
 '•^ . .■■■■••. ,v''-. 
 •'j-~-i .■•.»■■■•■■•■'"""" 
 
 »*■* ^»« Arabia 
 
 ci%,J^ 
 
 MA 
 
 po/y DiiAiiT or 
 
 lujr^tj 
 
 r Zaara .-*►,/ 'JT^ it 
 
 
 ■•/•'• 
 
 tP 
 
 Egypt and 
 
 BARCA /Cc 
 
 irX' 
 
 <fo 
 
 ''(/- 
 
 ..^^ 
 
 
 
 f G 6-» . 
 
 /■*■ M.* »ti/f jn Ml/ pUi 
 
 Pa r t ok Eg y p t 
 
 Not a m.J-orJ^tnjJom. "S.far F^onli'. 
 " '" ' ' /A^ Tut ' 
 
 it'P/'f^iJ h^L}na. tu the Turkj 
 
 ^irttfttni 
 
 if'.'N Tlie Soi-inai-s Countrv. f ■*i/' 
 
 \ .»>\!r. -fc^Bii-ov' K.. /v,„^^/ 
 
 j'iVi; 
 
 
 ^ Mujaco X>ancl , w»> - 
 
 pDEMB'VA 
 
 «? 
 
 k GAlCHKfi§ 
 
 „^. 
 
 BitCC 
 
 errm d* St 
 -■*»BvcifA K ' 
 
 X'->j<.C<jpaciikK. ^•«i 
 
 ABIS SI]SrA 
 
 ANn 
 
 NXJBIAc^c 
 
 •ijANCAJLA. 
 
 ,ii/ A. l A B A K. _ 
 
 •KJfc' 
 
 /": 
 
 '»■•» .....•■••■• '^ ^Part ok 
 Jlmii of Deltas A.K l a 
 
 
 %\ 
 
 m 
 
ly^ ' 
 
 .: 
 
 Il 
 
 164. 
 
 AFRICA 
 
 J" 
 
 Tk 
 
 Cove 
 
 
 
 :.-^«-v»r*'-*i "j 
 
 »~^^ 
 
 £ rmo p .r.A . , •'""'"fi; „ 
 
 
 Macaco i:r\, fi.\<-y.S^ 
 
 c-^*^^i* 
 
 
 ''^^-^'i'-*^ 
 
 5;—. »j'»-»->'- 
 
 I. • yl l.«nd |J|f'i!vcA i O X A . 
 
 rJ^ 
 
 C A* Auiftt 
 
 iulf 
 TrtA 
 
 cKimlM-lhF 
 
 InKatnbA 
 
 rT5fj' 
 
 I'* .-^' 
 
 o./„,,. 
 
 
 C. Caitnas\ 
 
 
 .dr.r 
 
 
 
 .. _ _' A-fif^^'-* 
 
 J'-l/.n. 
 
 
 
 N 
 
 
 
 D^t'^u 
 
 
 i;X)^i.! it. 
 
 -/t^l? 
 
 
 L. Atffft^pt 
 
 
 
 Utif < 
 
 i'' 
 
 + " 
 
 /"rp-^ 
 
 CojNTGo Angola 
 CAFRES. Mois o - 
 
 E3/IXXGI . Alonotnotapa . 
 ZangtieDarcOMaaaeaicav. 
 
 So 
 
 P^§ 
 
 f. R R A r A. 
 
 3Ar. i68.Parag.2. l.m.6. for£rt/? readlM. P. lep.in theTable,col.i. I. ulr. for fl/;;.,?/?, r. rw<i*. 
 ■ 1'. .70 col 2. Paras. 7. Im. i. for&«^, r. Soia.. P. ,7, col. i. In,. 2. fc.r fW/.-rW, r./m<,/Lw. 
 '. 172. col. I. hn.9. fbr .W?., r.5rM. P. 173. col. 1. 1,„. ,2. for^;/?,i»f, r.^,>?,>rf^ Ibid! col. 2. Par 5. 
 
 \ I. for Provmcc V. hm.idom P. 174. c. 2. I, 5 for /,.«»., r. L.cm,. P. ,77. c. 1. 1. 9. Jy„,„ th honol, 
 hxOHnmcn, r.Oown,m-« P. 178. c. 2. 1. T4. for «/, r.yetlmwHr Mcr,. Ibid. 1. HMTrtcs,r.Sprh,gl 
 Pag. 1 81. c. I. varag. i of r«;/» . c. for G.addmU, r. C.uMbarbay, and the fame in all otl^cr places. 
 P. 182, CI. 1.4. foiPaions,r.P>;Jons. Ibid. c. z. 1 42, {^r Rivers, r. Rnins. P 184 c ■> 1 1- f.r 
 Afomh .J Ctpt T. Mouth oj the Bay. ofC.we P. 186. c. 2. 1. 32, for Suet, r. S»z. P. lio. c "i i -"i tbt 
 AhH,n.wu, Anb.a, r. Mo,mtMnsj>^>„ Mnhi.i, \\ 192. c. 2. of BilectuigeruL |. 5. f, ,r a Lake c^'minl r. 
 
 middk- c<^. for >4"«"/f. r. ^^g"*' ", corrca the (ame n, other places. P.200. c. i. !. ,6. ior Amha<,,iexe»\ 
 r A»,U-(.ua<e„. P. 20:. c .. \.ao Uycf.itt r.fah \>. 205. c. i. parag. i. of A'ef^roU,d, I. n. fur 
 Ghi.ci, r. Coii^o. Ibid, after the Table, 1. 1. for IVc/irv.ndh , r. Eojhdy. P ^08 r i 1 1 for 
 Cmquu,y.C.u,.iHCs Ibid, alter the Table , c. 2. 1.2. for .^f.vt^;,,,,;,-,, r. Em-opcm. ■p;2i2.'in the 
 1 .ible after M.ymr.b.,, M.by •, and for l.r<„^n^ r.Cyleuf^o. \\ 2 1 2. c. 2. 1. 26. Ibr /:..>;^^,,;;-, r. Rher. 
 Ib.d. 1. 48, for Pot r. Pots. P. 215. c 2. 1. 5T: for ./«//, r. m \>. 220. c. 1. oUhder.^, \. ,7', for f«r. 
 t>j.</, r. tiiKchM. P. 223. C. 1.1.49. tor /!/.</( .Of ;//>/«, r. A/.ijtaraih.n, |>. 226 c I 1 48 Yor vilm- 
 mt.'ije, r. .<// .i« Immc»jf. \>. 22S c. 1. 1, penult, of iV»r//j ^,/«m,/, for 0«; v,.v,;, r. Ouivirt Ibid c I 
 ^ASouiu A>:,p■k^, 1.5. \uxR,odrL,H.,dn, x. Rlyk U H.>cb„. Ib.d.r?:. 1. 1. for .V ...«;r.Sm.;/V.' 
 Ibul. 1. )8. for Crnyo, r. r.«ye. Pag. 234. 1. 62. for AW-, r. E,ie. Ibid, for C«/, r. Cat. P. 23*. L k. 
 for Border.in, T. Jioimd.in. ' }i' V 
 
 Since the writinji the Atcotii.t of the Afriu,^ llland?, and anu.ngxkin of chat calld f/.^-riMMie of tlie 
 <?.«,;>•/«,«..■ are ii f .nn d oy S/|.;;/,,j,vij, wlio rave boo noon ir, that tiic Story 01 ihc Tree turni!hin2 
 It with VVrttcr, i;^ altogether Uhulous, as w.' iulp^^itcd, tlKrebenu. .lothinglikc ■: ■, but the Illaiid lias 
 n.. Springs or utha- liel . V\ atci, ami tlkreloir- the Inhabitant- have all j^reat Cili.rns, m whiil. thcv 
 laVC the Kaiii to Icrvc thi'm all tlic ^ ear. Flu- i.ime i m tl;c Hla!-;! taUd /. i>. :..,,;,, e. ' 
 
 ILFRIC 
 /-\ intow 
 ^ *^ v.drti, 
 xciCow of itsb 
 much inferior 
 and coiifi.-<iuei 
 fou-a, except 
 flic greatert 
 Obfc irity, as 
 bcliev'd not 
 prelciit beiiig_ 
 ny taithcr 
 lies alon;'^ tl-^ 
 Corn , tni 
 at all iiiT.es ' 
 Afu'icks. T 
 ,!iitirily defj 
 the fcoiching 
 Torrid Zone, 
 vcllcr? 1 for 
 the Uarbarity 
 them Parts, 
 ra'c Climate, 
 People fo Sa 
 have little mo 
 ail uncouth f< 
 to be there aU( 
 Continent bu 
 th.tt they ral 
 coiifin'd to tl 
 vature convey 
 Riiii-im, whu 
 wns over-run 
 tciwai'ds by 1 
 TratV of Lai 
 ouis, only tli 
 tin- (Ids h.ivm 
 World ;, lor t 
 other Parts, 
 ■i.ih:. Thus 1 
 have r,iven v 
 the World c; 
 was alio h> 
 Saviour of t 
 Hal tliiiher t 
 The Name 
 is U'.'d by a 
 it Il.iz.ei. It h, 
 h'uriihi.i, or 
 u,rcat Malle 
 lonivs us •,_ . 
 horniw'd In 
 it fignities o 
 ly lo tall'd 
 Continent is 
 the lame Ai 
 the V\ ell, ii 
 to their Col 
 /Uktb:d.t>!, II 
 moliigies ot 
 and li;r the 
 pofltively di 
 varioully ri\ 
 Contvptions 
 doubt, but 
 
AFRICA in General, 
 
 CHAP. r. 
 
 Of AFRICA in general. 
 
 i6i 
 
 AFK ICK w;is the lift of tin: three Parts 
 ii\to which the World was anciently di- 
 ' vidfcl, andftill holds the third Place, by 
 tcaH)!! of itsbiinp, known before Jminca, thouoli 
 much inferior toil, either for Extent,or Wealth, 
 and confc<|uciitlv to all the others in every re- 
 fncrt, except only that it is larger than luirope. 
 The Rreatell Part of it has ever continu'd in 
 Obfciirity, as bcinft wholly unknown, and even 
 believ'd not habitable m former Aaes, and the 
 prelent being little better aciuaintcd with it, a- 
 ny farther tlian the Coarts. As much of it as 
 lies alon;' the Mcditcrrane.ni Sea is fruitful in 
 Corn, tno' fiibjeft to violent Heats, and !■■ 
 at all viir.cs been refortcd to by Europcitii and 
 Jpticb. The Midland, once belicv'd to be 
 iiitirrly defart and iiiaccellible on accaunt ot 
 the fcorching Sun lyiiii; over it, as being in the 
 Torrid Zone, has been yet little vilited by Tra- 
 veller? , for the fame Realbn, and no lefs for 
 the Harbarity of its Inhabitants. 1 he inoft Sou- 
 tl'ern Parts, which extend to a m^re tcmpe- 
 ra'e Climate, art generally the Dwellings ot a 
 People fo Savage tliat they may be laid to 
 have little more of Man befides the Shape and 
 an uncouth fort of ! aiiguage. Learning fecms 
 to be there altogether extind, nor tan that great 
 Continent boall of any in loriricr times, but 
 tlut they rali'd, The Wildom of the {-fyptuns, 
 confin'd to that iing'e Kingdom, and luiiie Lite- 
 v.iture convey'd int) the Northern Coafts by the 
 StMiw-s which ali penlh'd when that Country 
 \\;is over-run b\ the barbarous l-^afi,Lils, and af- 
 terwards by the ^1>d's. Nor has that mighty 
 Truii: of Land been more fortunate in Warri- 
 ours, only the Inf'^" l^i'ifi' '""•' ^''«^ f-'""J'- 
 ji«;,;,w having eve: made liuh a figure m the 
 World;, for the 'i/fli>-.(,whoconquer'di>j/« and 
 iither Parts, were not native ^frii.vis, but yf- 
 lil'. Thus we lee that only l\c\pt and ihvb.iry 
 liavt iViven what Reputati'.n t!iis Quarter of 
 tlie World can claim V and of theletlie former 
 was alio honour'd with tlic Preieiire of the 
 S.iviour of the Work!, when in hu Infancy he 
 flul ililther to ihun the bloody Hands of Hood. 
 The Name of Jf-icli^ <j( yipu.i, is that which 
 is us'd by a'l I nyupt.ins ; but the y/.v//.".j call 
 it /;.j:Lrt.ir^^ according to /.'.««/»•"•'<'■, the Ai'Uis 
 I;<l»-iihiaj or ratlier .ijinki.:!/, as HnOcui, tliat 
 great Mailer of the Oncut.J Languages, in- 
 fnnivs US ■■, and t!;is general Name iiie\ liave 
 bormw'd from tiie linropcms \ for among them 
 it lignifies oiili, the Province of j-lji.i'', proper- 
 ly lo call'd , and tiie Name this vail piece of 
 Continent is peculiarly knov.'n by auiciig tliem, 
 the lame Author tells ns, is MM^ich, figinfymg 
 ihe Wefl, ill regaid of its Politioii, in relpeit 
 to tlieir Coi'iitf, ■, lalUy the l'.thi«pi,t>is (lile it 
 /llkib.'il.iii, ai iiia\ be leeii in Hol'>-'- "f hr lity- 
 mologies of aticitnt Namesare always uncertain, 
 and tiT the moll part we ratlier guels at, than 
 P'ljitivelv iletermiiie them. So tins of Anii-i is 
 variuiilly rtprifenied, aiilvverable to tlie luiidry 
 Cnncvptions of Autliors ^ however there is no 
 
 (!'HI 
 
 ibt, but it was at firlt peculiar to that Pro- 
 
 vince, which lies along the Alediterrmetn^mA 
 extended from the ancient Maiintanij on the 
 Well, to Cyrcihiic.t on the Eaft, where is now 
 the Kingdom of Tunit. By degrees it became, 
 univerfal to all that Quarter of the Worlds but 
 whence at firft deriv'd is the difficulty. Some, 
 and among them Emanuel de Faritt y Soiija, iu 
 his ^ficii I'ortnguefa derives it from Melee 1- 
 jhuqiiiy a King of Arabii Felix, \sho being over- 
 thrown on the Banks of the NiU, by the Ethi- 
 (ipuiiis, forded the Kiver with the remainder of 
 his Forces, and fettled in the Eallern Parts of 
 B.irl'.iry, leaving his own Name to that Country. 
 Jrifcphiis will have it f^) call'd from Fpher, or ji- 
 /f*- the Grand Ion oi Abr.dmm. f(r//«j, the Gram- 
 marian fuppofes it to be (?ivfX',froin A Privativuin 
 and I'brice^ Cold i importing a Country free 
 from Cold. 'John Leo brings it from the Ara- 
 bitk Fuviiai to divide, in regard it is feparatcd 
 from Europe by the Mediterranean, and from 
 Afi.i by the Red Sea. Others derive it f^m 
 the Hebrew Aphir, Dull, with rcfpeft to the 
 faiidinefs of its Soil. To conclude, Bocij.irt fecms 
 to liave as ipuch Realbn as any of them, in ma- 
 king it a corruption of the ' rhoeniciMi word 
 Pheric, or Pberuc, fignifying an Ear of Corn, 
 whereof there was great Plenty in the Province 
 properly lo call'd, which that trading Nation 
 convey'd to feveral Parts , but enough of this, 
 let us proceed to its PofitioH. 
 
 AFK ICK in that lel'pea lies South of 
 Europe, and Well of Afi.i , extending in Lon 
 gitude 8} Degrees from Kafl to Wefl, bein^ 
 near 5000 Miles. Its 1 atiiude is from about 36 
 Kortli to about iS Soutli,ina!l 71 Degrces.,or near 
 4310 Miles, including the wliole Torrid Zone, 
 and part of the two Temperate ones, for which 
 realbn it is all fiibjeft to extellive Heacs, with- 
 out any Cold, unlefs Ibme little in the moll 
 Soutlierii Part. It is bounded on the North by 
 the Mcditcrtanea>i,vi\\\d\ divides it from Europe; 
 on the l'..iil by the Red Sea, feparatinR it from 
 Afii, to which it only joyns by a fmall lilhmus, 
 or neck of Land that cuts oil' the Communicati 
 on of the Mediierr.ineu)! A\v)i RedSea,.\nd on the 
 South and Wefl by the Main Ocean. 
 
 The Soil varies according to its Situation and 
 otlier Circmiillances, the Northern Parts being 
 mall ftmtful, and yielding abundance of Wheat, 
 whem.. many other Countries were formerly 
 lupply'd. Ihe Midland is mollly Icorch'd up by 
 tlie Sun, winch ocrafions vafl Delerts of Sa^id, 
 wliere^ notliing can be protluc'd, but where tliere 
 are Rivers and other Waters the Inhabiiants 
 live upon fuch things as the Land will afford, 
 which liiall be mention'd when we come to treat 
 of tliole Place*. Asmuchas is witliiii the South- 
 ern Temperate Zone abounds m vail numbers 
 of Cattel, large and fair, and will produce any 
 fortsoi Iruit or Grain crryd thitlier from Lit- 
 lupi; or other (.Countries, ^et lies moll waftc, 
 tlirough the Ignorance and Harbarity of the 
 Natives. • 
 
 •* T liofe People in general arc the moll niipolifli'd 
 of the<hree ancient Parts of the World. Alonit 
 b b b the 
 
 1^\ 
 
 
 ml 
 
 ■1 \1 
 
 ill 
 
 
 ii.»l 1 
 
 Mi 
 
 '- If m 
 
 ii-^ 
 
 'M 
 
1 55 
 
 AFRICA in General. 
 
 
 m 
 
 t!ie CojIT-s of the Afeditor.vK.Di, where the yi- 
 ribs formeilv evrciided their CoiirjiKlls, they 
 »re moll civili/.'d, that Nation , rciiown'cl in 
 thofe n.iys, hwiiis ilill retain'd ioinrtiuiiji of 
 fhfir former r,overnmciU and more !iiiinan way 
 (if liviiij;. The imier Regions, lefs known to iis, 
 as fcarceever frequented by other Nations, con- 
 tinue in i^rearir Ignorance, and entire privation 
 oTail Politciiefs i and the moll Southern are al- 
 together brutal, or lavaRo. 
 
 The State of Religion is here, for the great- 
 cTl part, very deplorable, all the Northern Coaft 
 being fiibieft to Afihomeritns, who keep what 
 few rhriftiaiis there are among them in mifcra- 
 ble Siib'ortio'i, or Slavery, the Jc.v, being in no 
 better C'ondition. Towards the I'.ail there are 
 fome remains of Chrilbauity amonj; the /;(/>;«/)('- 
 ttrs, tho" almoft burie<l in Ignorance. On the 
 Well great Ninnbers have been Converted by 
 the Porti!i;,!rfii and others, fo that almoll all 
 fhe Kingdoms of dni^oAnA ^/ii^el.i hr.'c rcceiv'd 
 the Light of the Ciofpel. All ilie rell of that 
 mighty I and continues in Idolatry, or rather 
 fupine Stupidity, there being fcarce any IVatk 
 of Divine VV'orl'liip among many ot thole Savage 
 Nations. 
 • 1 he fliapc of this Peninfula, for fnrli it is, as 
 being furronnded bv the Sea on all fides, ex- 
 cept on the Fall, where it joyns to ylfi.i by a 
 fmall lilhmus or neck of Land fome compare to 
 a Pyramid, others to a Heart, and others to a 
 Triangle •, but all thele mull be much lupply'd 
 by Fancy. The principal Wealth of itconlilh in 
 Gold Mines and ElephaiitJ Teeth, both which 
 carry moil Nations in Europe to Trade o\\ fe- 
 veral par's of its Coaftj. As it has not much 
 variety c ' Commodities, fo it over abounds iii 
 ravenous Beads and Birds, and other noxious 
 Creatures Europe is more free from, as Lions , 
 T\gers, Elephants, Rhinocerots, Oflrichcs, Ea- 
 aks. Serpents, of iundry Kinds, infinite Num- 
 bers of mifchievoui Inlefts, anci offenfive Ani- 
 mals. The Lions of Numidi.i are reckon'd the 
 fierceil in the World •, the Elephants o.' Ntgro- 
 Itnd have the whiteft Teeth , and the Sarkiry 
 Horfes are the bcft (liap'd. The priiuipal Rivers 
 of ylfrici are the Nile and the Niger, other 
 wife caU'd Gambe.t-^ and themoft noted Moun- 
 tains that the Ancients call'd yitlas, by the Spa- 
 niards nam'd Montei Claros , and Mountains of 
 the Moon, by the Natives call'd Bedi^ of all 
 which we fliall fpeak in their Places, ancl there- 
 fore add no more here. 
 
 The a\;cieiit Divifioii of j4frick nrder the R.>- 
 VIMS vvas into fix Parts, vit.. -rifiii.i, properly 
 fo call'd, Miiirit.mi.: Cxj'.r-ienfi<, Al.ririt.tiiit 1.,.- 
 git.ii/,t, Numidi.i, Trip'jiitM.i, and Jii^acn,], ail 
 which amounted to little more than the prc- 
 lent Ihirb.iry, but vvas all they polfeired, or were 
 aciiuaiiited with-, except the KiiU'.do'n of £,;(p: 
 they did not reckon as part of Ui.itk. .s';>j/i> 
 condemns thofe who reckon'd Afriik as a tliird 
 partof tlie World, looking upon it asineoiinje- 
 rable \ bur Ptiiten.y, who knew much move of n 
 went farther than any other, and divided it in- 
 to twelve Regions, viz. i. AiMiyittviiaTm^it.vi.i 
 now fi?;. and Afoyaic:'. z. Mi:iriia'ii:iCxl.irit>r,s^ 
 contiiining tlic Kingdoms of Argier and Treme^- 
 ^.cri. 3. Nuir.ih.t, or liikiliUf.erid. 4. .•//.■;>.•; 
 properly lu c.iU'd, or the Kingdom of Ti'ms, 
 5. Cyrtiuii: I, or the Kingdom of A (r, ;. 6. M,,,- 
 M.m'c.i, another part ot the Kingdom of /i.tn-.t. 
 7. Liiy I pr,p,i~i, Mijxher partot the fame King- 
 dom. ^. Lthyi interior, ox HrlcdGi-newi. g. . -E- 
 fyptiis jiiperior, the Vpper Egypt. 10. ^yt^yotni 
 i'lfiriorf the Loner E^pt. n. 'yEthiopiufy.pciior, 
 the upper iihwpia. 12. tAithiopiu inferior, the 
 lower Lthiopi.i. By this we fee, that famous (Ico- 
 graphtT knew not the one hzU'of Afr:clk. 'fohn 
 Leo, who liv'd about the Year 1526, with :ill 
 his Indullry was not much more fnccefsful, for 
 lie divides it into only four Part;, which are 
 B.irb.iry, Numuiia^ Lihy^t indNifruiJ. To the 
 twelve Regions o| I'tolemy may tc ac'ded A^l- 
 jymba, being the prefent Kingdoms of Monomo- 
 tip.t, AtomemHgi, and G.ttcs ; Byzacen.i. part of 
 the Kingdom of Timii, Oetu'ia and Gjr.tm.Mi,!, 
 being BiledidgtndmA Z.n,.i ; Ni^ritjrui;! Res^io, 
 which is Oiiinej and Negrcl.t,.d ; and Trop^i'jUitt- 
 c;<, or the Coall of the Cifres. 
 
 Having given thefe former Divifionsof y*/>;fyt 
 for the Information of thole who read ancient 
 Authors , we nove come to the prelent , as ic 
 ftands at this time, aid is bed kno^n to us , 
 which can be taken from none better than S.in- 
 [on, with Ibme (inall improvement from ilie lateft 
 Dilcoveries. This is bell done by way of one 
 general Geograpliical Table of all the principal 
 Regions fubdivided into their jiarticular Pro- 
 vinces, reierving the Situatior, Limits and Ex- 
 tent of them till we come tc fpeak of each in 
 its proper Place, where Ihall W. added other 
 Tables of their Provinces, and the Towns of 
 Note in every one of them. 
 
 The 
 
 NEGROLANI 
 
AFRICA in GetierJ. 
 
 167 
 
 s ■ 
 
 The General Geographical Table of Africa^ 
 
 rr 
 
 AFRICA comprehends <' 
 
 I. 
 
 TBARBARY. 
 
 EGYPT. 
 
 BUEDULGERID. 
 
 SAARA. 
 
 NEGRO-Land. 
 ^ GUINEA. V 
 
 On the Continent thefe REGIONS. < NUB! A. 
 
 abissynia. 
 zanguebar; 
 
 CONGO. 
 
 MONOMOTAPA, and 
 L the Land of the Cafrts. 
 
 IfMADERA. 
 I The CANARIES. 
 ICABO VERDE. 
 
 In the Ocean the ISUNDS of < |; ]^^^- 
 
 I MADAGASCAR, aid 
 . XiOCOTORA. 
 
 In the Mediterranean, that of ^ MALTA, ' 
 
 ,'!'«ll 
 
 ' ? 
 
 ^'l 
 
 '!<■ 
 
 Thefe are again Subdivided as follotvs'i 
 
 TMorocco. 
 
 j Fez. 
 gARBAkY con- 1 Argier. 
 tani'j ihe King-< Tiiiiis, 
 clonic. oJ' Tripoli, jnd 
 
 I Barca, depending 
 
 ,L on Tripoli, 
 
 I 
 
 EGYPT. 
 
 
 Upper, 
 Middle and 
 Lower. 
 
 BILEDULGE- 
 RID. 
 
 T ^TeflTct. 
 
 JVDahra. 
 OntheVVcft^Taftkt. 
 iSegelineire, 
 Clegorann. 
 
 jon 
 
 ^Zeb, 
 theEaft; Biledulgerid,. 
 
 \The DetlofBatca. 
 
 fZanhasa. 
 7,uenziija. 
 ZAHARA,orthc| Targa. 
 Delirt,coinpre-«^ Lcnpta, or Suma. 
 liending thole of j Btrdoa. 
 
 .■oil t 
 
 Gaoga, or Katigna, 
 LBonio. 
 
 i 
 
 fliualata. 
 I Gcnchoa. 
 North of I Tombut. 
 NEGROLAND<i thcNiger.<; Agades. 
 contains I Caiio. 
 
 I I Callena, and 
 
 C XCiang^ra. 
 
 f 
 
 TZanfaraJ 
 ZeRzeg; 
 
 NEGROLAND<; South /)» i^Q^g^, 
 
 jtheNiger. .Ma„din^jj 
 
 I ] Soufos. 
 
 XMeUi. 
 
 Between the 
 chesofthe 
 
 jalof. 
 
 Bran- NCafanges." 
 
 Niger, <Bi)agos. 
 
 (Biafares- 
 
 f Guinea. 
 GUINEA is divided into/ Malaguetta, aud 
 tBeuin. 
 
 ^The Country on the Nile.' 
 NUBIA into2The InUnd. 
 
 ^ThcDelerlofZeu. 
 
 ffBamaga/To.- 
 
 Tigreinahon," 
 
 Angote. 
 
 Bagamedri. 
 
 Dainbea. 
 
 Goyame. 
 ABISSYNIA into the .Cafates. 
 Kingdoms of ^ Amahara; 
 
 Xoa. 
 
 Damut. 
 
 Narca. 
 
 Fatcgar, 
 ^^Dubai. 
 
 6bb 
 
 ZANGUEBAlN; 
 
 '■^H 
 
 'M 
 
i($S 
 
 ZANGUEBA 
 the Prov 
 
 'JS A K'B A R T. 
 
 .nc« of \t« , 
 
 Zangnebiir. 
 
 Coaft o»" Abes. 
 
 CONGO into-, 
 
 thofc of 
 
 'Congo. 
 
 Angola. 
 
 Loango. 
 
 Ancicaini. 
 
 CVcongo. 
 
 QawJii. 
 
 Garomba 
 
 Biaftra. 
 XMedra. 
 
 f Monomutirtri, 
 MONOMOTAPA iiilo< 
 
 iMonoemugi. 
 
 i'^Makmba. 
 Mataman. 
 , s;&- 
 
 I Zofiila. 
 LQnieteva. 
 
 The Iflands mention'd before in General r« 
 the Particular Names in tlicir Pr-jpcr Plates' 
 
 '(■•>;• 
 
 n 
 
 ill • 
 
 CHAP. 11. 
 Of BARBARY. 
 
 WE will begin yN\th^ ARB ART^a com- 
 mcntint; in the Weft, and running along 
 tlic molt Northern fVt, as far as E^ypt. 
 The bcft ALToiint wc have of its Name is from 
 Af.irmol, whcx'.erivts it fromfif, fiji^nifyingDc- 
 fcrf, in the Ar.ibick., becaufc thofe CoiKiiKrors 
 found it very ill Peopled, when thfv firit over- 
 ran it, and the Natives are ftill lall'd Vcrhcrcs. 
 SVt there arc fome that will fuppole it to have 
 been r,.iin'd Rtrbmyh^ the Romans, from the Bar- 
 barity of the Natives, hut without any Ground, 
 this Name being never us'd by ancient Authors i 
 befides that the CartL\igi'iiMis, who were Mafters 
 of all tta Traft, wlien the Ramtus came firll ac- 
 qiiainttd with it, were a more polite People than 
 tlie A.'u«;i;/Jthemrelves. 
 
 It-. Situation is in the Temperate Northern 
 7.une, uiitier the third and t'oiutn Climates. On 
 tlie Eall It Borders on Etypi, on the South it is 
 divided from flilednly^erid' hy Mnanx Atlns, tlie 
 N irrhof it is wnlb'd by the M'.iUten^ineiM Sea, 
 tt'.'d tlie ILalV by the Atlantick Ocean. The whole 
 Extent fio;n taft to Weft is about 34 Degrees, 
 amoiintni?, to 2030 Miles, the grcatelt Breadtli 
 from Nort!; to South about Six Degrees or 360 
 .Miles. IheCl. n.ite is hot as lying betwixt 37 
 ar.ci 30 Dej^rees of Nortli Latitude •, fo that it is 
 icarre fenfiMe of any Cold, th^' Winter confining 
 imiltofRani. In March ilierc arc very Stormy 
 Wind!., and in April .1 prrfeft Spring, I'o forward, 
 th.it ti.wards tlie End c .' it they have ripe Chcr- 
 rii.s, I ifis in May, and in July Apples, Pears, 
 PUkik, and Grapes, .ill tlie HarvelV being in by 
 the bei^inning of September. Tins is the bell Part 
 ofa'.l Affnk, cvceptingonlv E^ypt, a« producing 
 great Plenty et Corn, and Abundance of all Sorts 
 of fruit. Nor does it only exceed tlie Kelt in 
 fertility, but far Uirpalies m Civility and the Art 
 of lioveruinent. 
 
 As lor the People, thev are fjenerallv of a taw- 
 jiyCunplexion, well ni.ip"d, and Ihuiif; of BocU. 
 They arcoftwo Sort», the Ancient Natives, nunc 
 rude and it;norant, and the Ar.tb-; wlio I'ubdii'd 
 thcin , .uid frill keep the Govcniinent in their 
 Hands, being more polite and civi'.i/'d, iho'much 
 fallen olF from what they were in lijiiner Times, 
 when Learning flourilli'd among tliem m ^n ex- 
 traordinary Decree. I.co AirkMiiis gives a .nigh- 
 
 ty CharaiUTof them for Sincerity, Modclty, In 
 tegrity,6~r. whith no doubt proceeded fromAHl 
 flion, as being himfelf a Native of tliat Comuri 
 for all others fiiicc him, who have liv"d many Ye.us 
 among them, fay they are l-aithlefs, Lnrtful,Crucl 
 Implacable and great Difllmblers. ' 
 
 The Language moft in UlL-, efpecially in the Ma- 
 ritime Towns, is the Arabick, the ancient A(ri- 
 C'W, or a corruption ( f the Cin/i ;;///;.(« Ton ni? 
 ftill continuing m the open Country and oirtlie* 
 Mountains among the tommon Sort, and tins 
 Tongue they call Chdivt. The iulii notwith- 
 ftancfing tlie Rvm.ins were (o long Mailers of iill 
 thofc Countries is nttcily e.\tiiicf ,' lb that no Me- 
 mory of it remains. 
 
 No Religion can well be retk'iied on, througli- 
 out all this mighty Tra^l, but the /l/.;Wf.°w, 
 which has the Pi'Wer of Ciovernmeiit , and op- 
 prelTes all others. Chriftianity Hourilii'd licre m 
 the 4tli Century to fuch a Degree, th.it there were 
 214 Bilbops , but has bcii fo entirely extirp:it. cl 
 by the Malice of the Inf dels, that there are iiov 
 no Chrillian Inhabitant; lett, except tlie Slave, 
 they keep 111 miferable B.indage. Nor do the '/in . 
 fare much better, tho' tl ere be confiderable Nui:i- 
 bers liatter d about in ; 11 trading Places, yet Co 
 contemn'd and opprcfs'd, that they may be reck- 
 oned little better tlianC; ptives 
 
 The Difeafcs moft freci-.-nt in thefc Parts are 
 the Head- Ach, proceeding from the vioient 1 Icats •, 
 i'ains in the Stomach aid GripiiU', in the How- 
 els, thought to be causd by much drinking of 
 cold Water in hot VV'eatlier j the /-/wc^ Pox, fir ft 
 faid to be brouglit over by the "Jewt •, the Lallint', 
 Sicknefs •, and above a' 1 the iMague, which de- 
 ftroys Multitudes, and leldom miffes to rage there 
 onre in Ten or Twercy Years. 
 
 To come to the L'ivifion, P vb-.iiy contain', tl!,- 
 K ingd<jms ot 
 
 iVlorocio. 
 
 Fez. 
 
 Arg'ter. 
 
 Tunis. 
 
 Trip»)li, and 
 
 Barca. This laft a Depciidance en 
 Tripoli. 
 It remains to give the part'CuUr D.Tcription of 
 each of them. 
 
 CHAP 
 
"BAKBAKX 
 
 t<2»9 
 
 CHAP. m. 
 
 Dcfcription of MOROCCO. 
 
 T 
 
 lilE Kingdom oi MOROCCO is a Part 
 of the ancient Aftinrirania Tingitanay the 
 Kingdom of Fez. compofnig the reft of it. 
 This Name was given it from Tinf^iiy fincc call'd 
 T:i"y,icr, tlicn its Citffital, As to Situation, it is 
 the inoll VVefterii P.irt oiyifrick, bounded on the 
 Weft by the Oceiin, along which it extends from 
 thf Town of AU^tiy or the Mouth of the llivcr 
 
 6'«/, to the Town of Az^mtr'^ at the Mouth of the 
 River Vmarabe.t, On the North the (amc River 
 feparates it from the Kingdom of fti. On the 
 Eaft and Soutli Mmnt jltlat divides it from Bile- 
 ddgtrid, 
 
 Todcfceiid to Particulars, it is divided into 7 
 Provinces, which with their Principal Towns fee 
 in tlie following Table. 
 
 MOROCCO.' 
 
 HEA. < 
 
 SUS. 
 
 'Morocco. 
 \Agmec. 
 .Emegiagen. 
 'Taiarat, or Tefiat. 
 
 • Delgamaha. 
 
 fTedoett. 
 
 Agobel. 
 
 Al^uel. 
 
 Tttulcth. 
 
 Hadequis. 
 
 Telijgdclt. 
 
 Eitdevct. 
 i_Tcfethne, 
 
 'Mcfia. 
 
 JTeccut. 
 
 JTanidantej 
 
 • Fagoalt. 
 
 DUCALA. 
 
 HASCORA. 
 
 ^ Azamor. 
 NAlmedina. 
 ^Mazaguit. 
 CSaffi, or Safin; 
 
 ^Almedina. 
 VAlendina. 
 ^Tagodaft. 
 J Elguimuha.' 
 f Bizu, orBza 
 
 cTefza. 
 
 3Fixtela. 
 TEDLA. ICithibeb; 
 
 ^ Eitiat. 
 
 Guzula, or Gezula, lias 110 wall'd Towns, but 
 iuy large open Villages. 
 
 This Country is very hot, as lying between 
 30 ami T,i Degrees «f North LiitituJe. However 
 it is fruitful, producing Plenty of Corn, and all 
 Sorts of Fruit, befidcs Abundance of Cartel, the 
 land for the nioft part not being Sandy, like o- 
 ther Parts of ^■^^^ ic\. Befidcs, it is nothing Moun- 
 tainous, but I'lain, as i!:e Sieitr Moncttc informs 
 us, wlioliv'd there liveial Years, and whom there- 
 fore we think fit to follow in many Things. Here 
 are abundance of Caftles, which ftrve for a Re- 
 treat to the Arcihs^ as \.\w\, do in other Farts for 
 the Barbarians. 
 
 The Nativxs arer.encrally (Irong, well lliap'd, 
 lively and of lliarp ^Vits \ applying themfelvcs to 
 Trade, Tillage, War and foiiie Sort of I earning, 
 but their grcateil Study is Art Magick. The Wo- 
 men, wlio Lvcr keep dole at home , divert them- 
 ielves with Spinning, Sewing and all (brtsofCu- 
 rii.H'.s Works. Tlie lommnn Sort Eat on a Mat 
 I'piead upon the (Vround, witliout any Knives or 
 Napkins-, but tliofe of better Kank,are fomewliat 
 Neater. Tlieir IJread ii made in Cakes bak'd in 
 a I'ot ■, tlieir Drink Water, or Metlieglin, or an 
 Inluliim of Railins. The Men wear Shirts, and 
 L)r.<weii, with line Starlet or Silk Coats, Scarlet 
 Caps on their lle.uls, and Sandals, or Slippers on 
 their Feet. Tlie Wojieii Iiave \vide Smocks to 
 tlkir Knees, and liniicu Drawer--, in Summer Silk 
 ..ndiii Winter ClotIiCaps-,over the reft they wear 
 I'Miji Rubes or (.jowns, wrought or cmbroidtr'd 
 and dole iiifore with a ricli Buckle-, belides otiier 
 Oniameutb of (jold and Silver let with Stones and 
 Pearls. 
 
 T licic arc four fcveral languages fpokcn here. 
 The Momflj^ being the ancient Language of the 
 W/ ■.■((.•;.-■, with (uine mixture Ji Arul'tdi \ the 
 
 many 
 
 Arabich fomewl/at alfo corrupted •, the dmiclt, or 
 I. invjut Franca, being a Corruption of Spanipi and 
 I'ortiifitefe •, and the Tamacette, vih'uh is a , erfcdt 
 largrm, fcarce to be expreli'd in Writing. There 
 is a white Ptopl;: on the North-fide of M nt yi:- 
 /.i), wlio fpeak this Language, a-id boaft that they 
 are defrcndcd from Cliriftians. 
 
 The Principal River in this Kingdom is that of 
 Siis, which gives its Name to tlie Provuice, and i.-. 
 by fome fuppos'd to be the V»a of PcoUmy. I ts 
 Springs are on .Mount -i4f/iJ/,wheiicc it runs Weft- 
 ward by three f(T;all Towns, and falls into the 
 Ocean. The Tenfifs rifes in another Part uf Mount 
 Atlas, and crofting the Provinces o{ Morocco and 
 Duktila , is loft in the Ocean. Marmol fuppofes 
 it to be the Fmh oi Ptolemy. Into it fall, the I'.cif- 
 Jemel, the Nifiis, and the Afifnital. The TecHbim 
 are Twin Rivers rifingim MountCj05«.»w«i/f,about 
 1000 Paces aliinder, running through the Plains 
 of Hajrotj, and lofing themfelvcs in the River //«• 
 fdal Abid , which (prings a Mile from /)i#an(l 
 diltharges itfclf into the Ommirabih, or V/>:a Ra- 
 bea. This River comes out of Mount Ahgra//^ 
 near the Confines of Fez., and meets the Ocean, 
 near tlie Town of Az.amor. The other Rivers are 
 too fmnll to delerve any particular mention. 
 
 The King's Revenues are very great, a Ducat 
 and a Qijarter being paid by way of PoUTax foi 
 every Head, the 12th of all Grain, and the 10th 
 ol all Cattcl and G<Kxis, befidcs many other Du- 
 ties. The Chriftians pay dear for Liberty of tra- 
 ding in this Country, and that which makes the 
 Sovereign moft formidable is, that none of hi^ Sub- 
 iefts havi! any Property , fo that when anyof hjs 
 (jovernoui-s or otner Officers die, he .feizcs their 
 Ertates, .uid provides lor the Childrflr. ^ 
 
 Thii 
 
 ■" itm 
 
170 
 
 '^ AKBAKY. 
 
 This Moiiarcli's Titles are, Ftnperorof /^/"nV*, 
 K iiiR ufA/erccco, fc i, 5«.f, and dap,'). Lord uf Bat a 
 rti'd di'hrea^ and Grand Sherif or Vicegerent to 
 M.ihomet. 
 
 '\0' ■' 
 The Province of MOROCCO, pfoperl/ 
 
 fo caliU 
 
 The Provhife of M^rxc^, pt'ofX-rly fo cill'd, 
 iVom tItc Name of its Crtpital City, flrctcflcs Faft 
 iindW'dt, tVcm Moiii't ///w«/«;fc to Moimt iVf- 
 }ilns\ atiid is hounded on the NorUi by the Pro- 
 vince of' BittjueLi V on the XA/cfl: by that of //f.t 
 and l\nt('t ,v,7t :, oii the South bv another I'art 
 ofi.'", ^^i)'.(, and CiczJiL! •, and on the Eaft by that 
 of H.iUor.t. This I'rovinre ahoiiiids in Grain, 
 Hav, iKmp, Catcel, and all forts of Frtwti 
 
 T!ic Cir\, i)f yl/ioorro, Capital offM'; Kini^dom, 
 is fuppji'd to have been Biiilt by Joj'cph ylben 
 Tf.v/,'c'; and Iiis Son y///, on the Uiiinsof the An- 
 li.nt nocf..i::um, meiition'd by Pflemy. It is feat- 
 ed between t'le Rivers AV/Vz-t alid Asmct^ in 31 
 De^re.>(;f Not t!i 1 atitiilie, and in a Plain about 
 50 Mikiover, 6 Miltit North from Mount At- 
 I IS. Fi^rifierlv Iierr werer^ck'ned icoooo Houfes, 
 ,tt preftnt tlie third Part of it i* wafte, but cn- 
 coniiiaf>d with a high St<ine Wall, fortify'd with 
 lo'.ver!- ::iid Balbon^, and a large Uitch without. 
 Many <<f rlic ancient Mofqucs, (\>lle!<,w ilnd Baths 
 have bten d.ftroyVi by fhe Civil Wars •, but there 
 .ire llill tinee Mai'-'ifuent Moliiue^ Aaiiding. The 
 Koyal Palace, call'd by the Natives Atcat.ava, or 
 Afiituiii.irt^ is like a I'ttle Town, epclo^'d with 
 hirJ' ^^'all-, and in tlie midft of the Court, is a 
 curious N'olque wi'.Ii a hit;h lo-ver, and on the 
 Top of it an Iron Rod, which runs cinoujjh four 
 Go'dui Apples, reported to wci;;h 700 Pounds, 
 bi:iii:; the Portion uf a Daughter ot the Kuii^of 
 C.iKi-, marry'd by a King of //u/wo, in wliol'e 
 Rii',lit he inherited tliat Kuigdom. All the King's 
 Apartm.nt is covci'd with Leaf Gold, being a- 
 boit -,0 lu.oiii>of State, befidesreveraUValleiics, 
 •Aitii 1 ilhl'onds in fome of them, .■\bout half a 
 1 ^:.3.^i\^': froiu this Palace is a Royal Bower call'd 
 AUiijti-.it., in whiili there; are 150C0 Limon Trees, 
 as manvOranj^e and Palm-Trees, and 36000 C3livc 
 Trees. ; and near this a Park in which Abundance 
 of Elephants, Lions, Stags and other Creatures 
 are kipt. .About ^.ooo ./tiri live at Aiarocco, in 
 a C^uait-.r by theuililves, and wall'd in, likeano- 
 tlier Town. Tlie Common Hoiiies have none but 
 ,\'iid Walls plailKr'd over, but thole ot l^erlbns 
 of Quality are of Stone, the Tops of them aH Hat. 
 .V'oli of ifie N'.ofques are of Marble, leaded, and 
 in thcinidtl; of the Cit^ there is a Bridgcover the 
 River rir.fifs. This .Account is from Afpuctie^wbo 
 liv'd there a toniidcrable Time. 
 
 Ihe other Towns have nothing that defervcs 
 Delcrihing. Ihegreatell Hills ni this Province 
 are A£//</«/, or AV/i/.ri, otherwile call'd Deieu- 
 iu7c>;, yiu'-ii., or yJjitii, on the Wefterii Borders, 
 tlie '1 ops of it tover'd with Snow, and the Inha- 
 bitants exireinely ruilc. Mount iV/Mi^n, fepara- 
 ted froiiufie oilier by the River X;h.vj-..(, run- 
 ning Euil aiid Weft 7 Miles. A.iiix.iue, whence 
 liie River takes Name, South from tlie former •, 
 SnJ::c excelUve higli ; lin.thi^on which is a Town 
 '»! the 4aiiie Name •, Uuidimivc or (,icticMevi; on 
 the Well oi'5a/.cdi/ -, and yhiictc VV'eli of CJiiidi- 
 
 nunc: _[ ^, • .... .< 
 
 .i.^,i:':'i •■ - ' . I. . - • '. 
 
 The Women iiercarc handfom,fome very white. 
 others more brown. Here is a Noble Dreed ot 
 1 iorfes, and the l^eople are generally Wcaltliy. 
 
 •, , The Province of HE A. 
 
 This is the moft Weltcrn Province of tlie Kiii.'- 
 dom ofAiorvcca, bounded on the Weft and Nortli 
 by the Ocean, on the South by that Part of Mount 
 ylittis, which joyns to Sus , and on the Fall by 
 the River uf Ecijfdmel, which feparatcj u from 
 Af^rei'co. 
 
 Tedotji once the Capital of this Country, and 
 of great Antiquity, built in a Morafs, was ut- 
 terly deftroy'd in the Year ijr4^fince which 
 time the "jiwi have there built above 5C0 
 Houfes. The other Towns .ire all of tliem incon- 
 fiderable, yet fevcral wall'd, as yl)iohel, whicli has 
 not above 330 Houfes •, yllguel, on a Hill water'd 
 by two finall Rivers v 'Vemlet^A plcaliint Place 18 
 \liles Weft of Tedotfi \ Hidcqiiis before the I'or- 
 f//^«fy"« deftroy'd it in 151 1 contain'dncar2ooco 
 Houfes, now inhabited only by a few Jcirr ; 
 Tejhyielt the greatfft of the Mountain Towns 
 has about 1000 Houfes ■■, Eitdcvet 700 •, Tefcih- 
 »ie , or Teft.inf, is a Garrifon Town upon the 
 Ocean, near to Mount ^f/.», which has a con- 
 fiderable Port. 
 
 l-ive Miles up from the Sea, is thelfland .nnd 
 Caftle of Ahfador , fuppos'd by (i)me to be 
 the Ifland Erytbea of the Ancients, kept by 
 a Garrifon of 200 Meti, to fecure the Gold Mines 
 in the Neighbouring Countries. Go:i , or Oo- 
 zen is a good Harbour, belieV'd to be the Surl^a 
 of Ptolemy. 
 
 Mountains here, arc /Hdv.u.il, which p.irt- 
 Hea from Sits., is three Days Journey over, and 
 has feveral ricli ^'illages on it. Dcmeufcre or Ten- 
 J.11C is another part of Mount ^-1//../, betwixt; 
 HiJ and .S'«j. Cri'cl el J/iditli, or t!ie Mountain 
 of Iron, bcliev'd by Ondiiis to be the i'ocnisoi 
 Ptolfmy, is quite different from Aiir.j,;m(\ parts 
 Hen, Aiornccu and l)Hi]iiel.h 
 
 All this i-*rovince is Mountainous, full of Rivu- 
 lets, and priKluces little Wheat, but muiii Par- 
 ley. The Natives are very brutal. In tiic Winter 
 they teed much upon Bread and Hoiie\ ^ and in 
 Summer upon Milk and Butter. They alio eat 
 boil'd Flelli, Onions, Beans, and CohJ'cohs, which 
 is made of Meal. Moft of them vrrap a large 
 piece of thin woollen StulT about them, like a 
 Sheet, few of them wear Shirts, and foaie have 
 round Caps on their He.ids. They fit upon Mats, 
 and have no other Beds. The Women general- 
 ly have their Faces vcil'd. 
 
 The Province of S U S. 
 
 The Provinceof i«i, or Sue:., formerly a King- 
 dom inhabited by the Ttingrejums and f^acaitvcs, 
 takes its Name from the RiveriVw, and is bound- 
 ed on the Wtft by the Ocean, on the North by 
 Mount Atl.is, which divides it from Hea; on 
 the South by tlie Deferts of Rikdiilgcrid, and on 
 the Eaft by the River ^.w, narting it from GeuiLi. 
 
 The principal Town> Iierc, are Aiej].!, for 
 merly call'd icmejl, feated near the Ocean, at 
 the foot of Mount Wf/.</, divided into three feve- 
 ral Parts, each of them indos'd with V\/aIls, and 
 water'd by the River Sits. Without this I'lace 
 towards tne Sea ftands a Temple, or .Molquc, all 
 the Beams and G.rders whereof are made of the 
 
 Hoiic^ 
 
 The Provinc( 
 
BAK^B AKY. 
 
 171 
 
 Bones of Whales, wfience the People imagine, 
 th.it the Whale whicli follow'd Jonas a^ him up 
 in th:u place •, and thcrj arc ftill many Whales 
 «ft alliore there. Tccctit, an ancient Town, a 
 Mile from Aleff^, contains 4000 Families, aitd in 
 it is A curious Mol'que. A Mile from the lift 
 
 Marmol fippos'd to be the Mountain of the 
 Sun of Ptolemy. Inkel-htdva , or the green 
 Mountain^ rifes on the Eaft of the River Ommi- 
 r.tbih, ana runs Weftward •, feveral Hermits re- 
 tire to this Mountain, and live upon the Fruit* 
 of the F.arth •, at the foot of it is a large I ake. 
 
 is Gtiffti, built bv the Shentf Ahd.tlla., in the The Natives are perverfe, cowardly, and brutal. 
 Year i^co, whire they drofs the choice i^/^rocro 
 
 Lc^iiher, whereof lo much is yearly tranfported 
 into l:iirop(, that the Duty of it amounts to 
 Sijoro Duriis. Tnriidmte is the Capital of this 
 t'lovinre, by they1/oo»-/call'd Teiirant, 12 Miles 
 Eart (if Tfctitt, and 2 South i>f Mount ^tlas •, 
 feared in a pleafant Nallev, 18 or 20 Miles in 
 length, and 8 in brc dth. The River ^f.iis 
 wallies its Walls, and in it was once the Refi- 
 dtnrcof the Kings, and now of the (jovernours 
 of Siis. T.irn.ifi is iM)w the greateft City,ftandinjJ 
 20 Miles from the Ocean, 18 from Mount Ail.is, 
 and 3 from the I\ ivcr Sns. Folatter.in luppofes 
 St. A:ig'<fiin to have been born in this Place. 
 On the Wtft P.de of the River of Suez., is Cape 
 
 The Province of HASCORA, or US- 
 CURA 
 
 Is the moft Nothern part of the Kingdom of 
 Aforoico ; the River Tenfifs Ihuts it in on the 
 Ealt, as does the EluHadilhabid on the Weft, 
 the Vmurabea on the North, and the green Moun- 
 tain on the South. 
 
 yUcndm^y or LImedin, fcated in a Valley, en- 
 dos'd by four Mountains, is a confiderable Town 
 here of about iocxd Houfes. Almedina, a Mile 
 from it, and 20 from the other of the fame Name, 
 
 _ _. ^ _ in the Province of Dncala, is Icfs confiderable, 
 
 d'yt£iicr^he\ie\i'd to be the v/agiifmif rtoUi'iy. Ta/^odafi, or ffadn^ai, is a pleafant place by rea- 
 whcre the Portm^ftfes once built a Town call'd fon of feveral cuts ot W iter running through 
 SmaCrui., but' were expcird by the Sheriffs in it. Bz.o, or /(i^/( isby fomcrcckon'd the Capital, 
 T5?6. To theSonihwurdof it in 17 Decrees of and is feated on a Mountain. 
 Latitude is the fainous Cape Nim, (o call'd by The Mountains hire being Branches of Mount 
 the fc!f;;««;'/a, fianifyint; wjfjbecaufe they once ^il'", are call'd levcnde!.y 'hnfirez., C?iii^,naj 
 believ'd thtre was nofaihng beyond it. Vr/iww, and Trjcetw. The Produa Olives, Rai- 
 
 Several Branches of the ^//.jj fpread themfelvcs fins. Nuts, Firs, extraordinary large Apricots, 
 into this Country by the Namesof//c/^////j,y/.(- and other Fruity Oil and Honey j. Corn and 
 
 /««,.or Lt'ilem(i(z.iilen\A Idl(. The River 5w 
 overflows like the Nile, and fertilizes the Land, 
 which there produces plenty of Corn, and the_ 
 Hatveft is in Af.iy. It alio yields all forts of 
 Fruit, Sugar, and p/wid Pafture-, has good Horfes, 
 and a Silver Mme, but no «.)yl. On the Coalt 
 Amber p/tece is ofit-n toiind. The Inhabitants 
 difierbut Utile from tliole of the Neijilibo'iring 
 I'rovinces. 
 
 The Province of HUCALA orDuquella 
 
 Has lor Us I?ounJary on the Eall the River of 
 'Jniiirabcj-^ on the V\'ell, that t^f 'I o.iii'i ■, 011 
 ihe North the Otean i and >ni the Si>uth the Ri- 
 la- IJ.d:i. llsj^eatift extent from l\ai\ to \\ cl\ 
 li 50 Miles, according to ALirmd, and 2^. trom 
 North to South. 
 
 /l:Laiiio>., feated on the River ISnuir.ihf.t , 3 
 Miles above M,:i.igj>!i., is one of the principal 
 Towns i it was taken by Kin^ L>:.:nmtl ot Pur- 
 ii:^M, in 1513, but lince recover'd by tlie Infi- 
 dels, and is llill lar^;e and populous, the Inha- 
 liit.ints having a gr;'at Fiflirrv on the River t/'- 
 i::ara['ca. Aij^a^ttr., once coiUaming 5CCO 1 lou 
 fcs, at prefcnt has not above soo, and thole but 
 poor ones, being a darriion kept on that Coiiil 
 tiy the yV;7;it;wf/(\(. .S";;'/, by the Po>nr.:!ijtf, wlio 
 took it in 1507, but loll it again, call'd Sifin, 
 is wall'd, and about it 27 Towers. Ten Miles 
 hum it , in a tei tile Plain is Ahr.eJin.i , an 
 ancient City, and once the Capita! oi the Pro- 
 vince. There are I'tveral other T >)wns iK)t worth 
 taking notice of, except AUathh , 01 as tlie //.<- 
 iiMs call it, Centc J'o^d, or an hmniied Welts, 
 a Name given it from abundance of ilecp Cel- 
 lars or Caves there are 111 the Suburbs, which 
 fcrve for Granaries, where they lay Corn will 
 keep an hundred Years. The Town is all built 
 with Marble, and Hands on a Rock. 
 The Mountain Btnirrc^Hcr, or Btnif'.Hin, is by 
 
 Cartel, as alfo W'oad for Dying. The Natives 
 are more polite than in other Parts, applying 
 themlelves to Trade and Handicrafts, civil to 
 Strangers, and kid after the manner of the £«• 
 ri,pcuns. The Women are handlbme and well dreft. 
 
 The Province of TEDLA 
 
 Lying Eaft oi A^orocco \i firall, etitlofed or; 
 the ball by the River Orunii-abih, on the V\ett 
 by tli.it of CJ^'j.^cl-hibid, on the North it reaches 
 to t!:e coiitmx of thole two Rivers, and 011 the 
 Soutii to Mount AilitJ. 
 
 T he Capital h; re is 'Tffz.a, built by the Atabi, 
 on the Tide of Mount Atlas^ two Miles from the 
 Plain, cndoi'd with a V\all of N'arl'le, which 
 tlif yiiiibs call Tf/c.», whence it takes the Name. 
 It is populous, and has feveral good .Molqucs. 
 t'i.xtilf is an open Town, a Mile li on Tcfi.3, con- 
 taming 7CO floufes. Cithibib Ihwdi on a Mill 3 
 Miles Eaft of 7i;/i..<. £iri.it,cy Juiit, is 4 Miles 
 from Cihiheb, ronfifting of 3CO Houfes, wall'd 
 next the Maintain, and defended next the Plain 
 b\ lUep crnj;gy Rotks. In it «here is a rtately 
 Mollpie, with a curious Water running round it. 
 
 Ill the South part is the Mountain 6'<r/wf^f, or 
 Sc:f'hi/m -^ more to the Weftward Moint Af.r 
 ,(;»•,;(/, anil Well of that again Mount Didcs. The 
 whole is move Mountain than Plain, but what 
 tliere is of this lort yields plenty of all Fruit. 
 Tlie Inhabitants of Tf/i..i arc well enough Ap- 
 parell'd •, but thole uf Mount Dc.U\ (iarre cover 
 their Nakcduefs, being rude , addided to Rob- 
 bery and Fraud. As lor Religion, the M.ihuiijc- 
 tans have the Power, the Jein are allow'd full 
 Liberiv, there are liime few Ciinlliaiis, but the 
 Momitaiiiiers liave neither \\ uvlhip, Cliurthes, 
 nor Priells. If any Chriftian here will Apoftatiie, 
 there is an equal Number of CliiidiaNs and /I/(- 
 ho/Mt.vh fiilt call'd together, and the former 
 have liberty t« ufe all the Argnimeiits they can 
 
 ■ ii" ill 
 
 •iiir 
 
 'n-; ,!j 
 
i7» 
 
 BAR'S A Kr. 
 
 to difTwade bim, af^er which he is free to do as 
 he plcifei. ■ • . 
 
 TheProvinccofGUZULAor GRZULA 
 
 I« no doubt a part of the ancient Gtfulia, which 
 Name it almoft retains at this time, the CetHli 
 being a People of Lib)/a , at tlie foot i>f Mount 
 Mtliis, as are the Getuliiins at prefent. Its Boun- 
 daries are on the Weft Mount llil.t, whicli parts 
 it from Siici. •, on the South Mount j4tLii •, on 
 the >'orth the Mountain Iltha, and on the Eall 
 the Deferts of BiUdMl/^etid. 
 
 Here are no wall'd Towns, but only Villages 
 and fome Burroughs of near icxw Houfcs, but 
 thofe mean, and not worth obferving. The Na- 
 tives are very barbarous and ftupid. They 
 wear fhort woollen Shirts without Sleeves, and 
 Hats made of I'alm-Tree Leaves : being poor in 
 Money, but rich in Barley and Cattel. The I- 
 ron and Copper Mines among tliem are very 
 beneficial, for they make all lortb of Utenfils, 
 
 whicli they carry t.) other Parts, and cxdiaive 
 tlitm for riotli. Spice, Horfes and other tlnnas 
 tliey ftand in need of. But tliat which molt en 
 riches them, is a Fair they keep every Year t'»t 
 two Months, during wliich time tliey ufe the 
 Stranf^ers that come amonjiii them very well , l;rep 
 Guards to fee no Dil'ordcrs be coininitted, aiij 
 punilh Robbers with Death. Tliere is a very 
 great Rcfort to this Fair from all Parts , and 
 ffpeciallv from the Country of the Blacks. The 
 Weapons us'd by thefe People are Scimiters, or 
 broaa-pointed Swords and Spears. Tliis I'r,). 
 vince is faid to be able to raife 62000 Men 
 which makes them not afraid of the ^r.ilu^ ant( 
 they have formerly plunder'd the City uf Afg. 
 rocco. It is a free Nation , fubjeft to no King 
 he of Morocco being only their Ally. They were 
 once Tributary to PortmuL but that lartcd not 
 long. In tliefe general DcUriptions wc chicHy 
 follow It Cioix, and D.imci , who Iiave wrii 
 beft of thcfe Parts frona the lateft and cxafteft 
 Accounts. 
 
 T!ie Cp 
 
 dom, is tho 
 
 be fo ..ill'J 
 
 a QiMiitity 
 
 tile (•ounda 
 
 iUver t'cT, 1 
 
 it, Afoiietic 
 
 lalii.pj Kin(i 
 
 liiiii //)/f, t 
 
 >.'/", in tliu 
 
 :oo MjIcs fi 
 
 cliliaiit C.itu 
 
 Oil! IS fiatei 
 
 ii'.i; iieit'' r 
 
 JM\ Sul) l)S. 
 
 bout 8 hie 
 (larcieiib wit 
 wliirhart-.ijj 
 .ire very h^i. 
 tow and liavi 
 filing about 
 tlie one very 
 
 I 
 
 CHAP. IV. 
 
 Of the Kingdom of F E Z. 
 
 ^1"~^in S is the Eaftern Part of the ancient 
 I Maitritiittia Tuigit-mn, lying Ea(l of tlie 
 -*- Kingdom of Morocco, which ii the o- 
 ther, and call'd by the Moors^ Kl, or Alf,irve. 
 On the Weft it is bounded by the .,^f/.wmytO- 
 cean, and by the River V/n.i>d'c.i, which parts 
 it from Morocco-^ on the Kaft by the River Atw 
 l.iy.i or Miilvi.t, dividini; it from Ai%k)-^ on 
 
 fFcz. 
 
 Sale. 
 FanCara. 
 Mamora. 
 Mcqiiinez. 
 Fez. proDfr-^ Titellelt. 
 i,7r.l,.,nM I Gcmoa al Ilamen. 
 1 Hamis Melagare. 
 Bcni-Becil. 
 Macarmcde. 
 Zavia. 
 .LHalvan. 
 
 the South by Mount Atlas, runnina betwixt 
 it and BiUddgtrid, and on the North by the 
 McdittrrantiW. From Eaft to Weft it extends 
 about 200 Miles, and (omcwhat lels from North 
 to South, lying betwixt 31 and 36 Dcjirecs ol 
 North latitutk-. 
 
 It is divided into liven Province-., whicli wuli 
 their Principal Towns, aie theic i 
 
 lyfo call'd. 
 
 Temcfna. 
 
 Afgar. 
 
 .Anfa. 
 
 Almanfora. 
 )Sala, or Sella. 
 
 Rabat. 
 
 'Haiti el Chain. 
 .Thagia. 
 
 / Larache. 
 ^Moxinar. 
 "S ILlgiumha. 
 (AkafarQuivir. 
 
 Habat. 
 
 r-Ar/.ila. 
 
 [Tangier. 
 Ceuta. 
 / Alcazar. 
 \ Beni Teude. 
 I Mergo. 
 I Bezra. 
 . LTctuan. 
 
 Errif. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chans. 
 
 f Ooi 
 \Ter 
 
 ■ Oomera. 
 
 ^Terga. 
 
 /elezde la Gomera. 
 '^ Penon dc Vclez. 
 /Meleinme. 
 V-TegalTa. 
 
 •Mdilla. 
 ) Cafafa. 
 >Tcnbte. 
 . Meggco. 
 
 .Teurert. 
 Hadagia. 
 )(jarlis. 
 
 iMcza,or Tefar. 
 'BenihuUid. 
 .Hamlilhan. 
 
 Tlie Province of FEZ properly fo call'd, tends even to the Ocean betwixt Mamor.^ and 
 
 Site-, Eaft ward it reaches to the River Tiiov.m^ 
 On the Weft is feparated froir, the Provuice of Northwaid to the River Suba or CV^«, and South 
 I'tmrjua by tlie River Unnegrtg, or i«'rf, and ex- ward to Momit Atlas. 
 
 The 
 
TAR'BAKr. 
 
 n\ 
 
 T!ie r.ipit.il of this Province and of the Kinii- 
 limn, !•< the Citv /-'fi., which fome will h<tvc to 
 be (i.) cillVl fiDin t'tz., n^iiiifvini', Gold, bcciiiilo 
 a Qii.intitv of that Mct:il was found in Liyinsi 
 the Kotindations., but otlicrs derive it from the 
 Kiver /•<■■• whuh runs bv it. T!ie Fcunder of 
 It, /l/tfrtfffr fivs, was /V/H/f> Drue, tlie tirft yt- 
 iMhi'i Kmh; iif th.it Country '■, I" I'loix- calU 
 luiii lhi<, the Sun of Idris Patriarcliof the ^' 
 r.ibs, in the Year 8oi. Its Siti\ation ii about 
 200 Milis from the Sea, hemt; divided into two 
 diliant Cities, cali'd the Old and tlie New. The 
 Old is feated on the Declivity <>f two Hills, he- 
 ir):; neii'r round, n t quite fquare, without 
 an\ Sub bs. llic WalU arc of Stone, and a 
 bout 8 liles ill coinpal's, th^'re beini', many 
 (iardens w ithiii them. Without, tlie Houfes , 
 wliich areall Hat roofd makenonrcat lliow, but 
 areviiy liandlouie witliiii. The Streets are nar- 
 row and liave (rates to thein, to hinder People 
 U'/int; about atNij,ht. Two Caftles defend it, 
 the one very aiuii-iit and almoll riiin'd •, tlie o- 
 tlier new, in wliicli is aCiarrifon of Hlacks, nei- 
 tlier of tliele lijrts !,.;, any (Gannon. On the 
 two lont^cft fides of ti.: City there are two 
 lliarp I3alhons, built upi i Hills, with only two 
 Pieces of Iron Cannon mi eacli. A River di- 
 vides itfelf into fix Branches, in the inidll of the 
 City, fur lliing all the Honfes with Water, 
 driviii-; ;70 MilU, and fervu^ as many Baths- 
 Here aic four principal Mo^ues, ;'.iid above 500 
 of lei's note, all of tliem well endow 'd, befides 
 fcveral Holpitals. Tlie principal Gates of the 
 City are (cvm. The new City of Fez. is above 
 the old, ferves for a ("itad."' toit, and was built 
 by y.icolj tiiefecoiid Kiiif^of the Raceof tlie flc- 
 nsiiuriiKs about 500 Year-, inn e, having 11 double 
 Wall about it, well tiauk'd with Towers, Ba- 
 llioiis, and Half-Moons. M:tley W/i/y; built here 
 a Irately Palace and Seraglio, guarded by 300 
 filacks. 1 liele Citie- are Rich and i^lpulous, the 
 Inlialntants drivintj a j,re.;t Trade to all parts 
 of the Kingdom. 
 
 .V.i/i', by I'tilciiiy cali'd S.tl.t , ftands on the 
 Ccall of the Atlantick Ocean at the Mouth of 
 t!ie River (inc^on, or /J/(i/f/;iTi;, which divides it 
 into two Tuwiis. Tiiat on the Soutli lide has two 
 Caliles, on a HiU next the Sea, and join'd by a 
 Wall ruiiiunti from the one to the tJtlur, with 
 about \o i'leces of Criinion in them both. There 
 iihefidesa linall lort with five luins nearer tlie 
 Sp:i, tofecure tlie I'uates ai;air.(l the Chrilhans. 
 The Walls arc of i;reat Coiiipals, and very an- 
 cient, but a conliderahle part is fallen towards 
 tl-eSea. On the South Hail of it is a llately 
 hii;h Tuwer, cali'd //.izihi, under which they 
 have ilieir Docks, and it I'crvLS for a 1 and-Mark 
 l)yD;iv, and a 1 ii;lu-l!(;ule by Ni^iit. Tlius 
 ih'kIi oI thele twoC ities is out of AhmatCy who 
 l;vd in them botii. All Goods imported or ex- 
 I'ortod pay tlie teiiih part of their N'alue , but 
 til: principal Wealilmf the Town conlilh 111 Py- 
 racy. Tlie Kin^ot /<c appoints a Governour, 
 ivho with Ibme >-i/( :!/(/.( cnolen from amoni; the 
 iiiliahitants, has tlie power of I'eace and War. 
 
 Two Miles from S.dc is tlie ancient Town of 
 i-M,j.i)\i, or 'lcfc/,J.ir,i, (uppoled by Al.iriiicl to 
 !.e /V)/( /;<).'s Iiiii.i\j.i. At the Mouth of the River 
 -W'.7 is the 1 own of Alunwra, formerly poll'cfs'd 
 by the. Y '"'•"■<'.' and /^ti>f«^/((/i','jat loft Dy them 
 li'Uli. AUaiiiiic:^ is a ftroiu;City, and very con- 
 'ulerablei oeint' the Relidencc of liie Ikirs to 
 
 the Crown of /Iri, luppoFed to be tlic Slldi ot 
 Ptolemy. Tifilfelt., by I'ultmy rall'd T<i.inifij!,u^ 
 HalU'^oiicto ruin. Af.ic.ir//:ciie, the /.>p;.< of the 
 fame Geoj^rapher, is fix Mile* from />c. Rut 
 enougli of futh niconfidcrahlc Pl.ites, the reft arc 
 of no better Note. 
 
 jiaLiI) Mountain rifes i.ii t!:e_E;ift fiJe of the 
 River Siihif, or CvbH, and runs four jVliles Well 
 ward. '/.:irl:oii,i.>v /.jr.ib.nuwi roniUHiuej three 
 Miles from /<-, and extends ei('ht Miles to the 
 Weft, beini', three Lcajiues over in fome Place--, 
 on It are above 40 populous \'i!Iaf,es,and iiere for- 
 merly Itoixl the City Titiilit tl'en above 10 Miles 
 in compafs, fince utterly deftroy'd by Jojeph , 
 KiiiK of tlie Aliior:ivides. I> ir el H.tm.irty bc- 
 liev'd to be I'tulemy'i Epiti.iue, ii on this fame 
 Mountain, ft ill entire and populous, but fuffcr* 
 much from the I. ions, who come thithrr to feck 
 for Prev. Mount 7'</^<j>- or Tugai is two Miles 
 VVeft of /-H, llrttchiii(' two Miles Eaftward. 
 Mount fi'«f/V f, near tne y^;//j;, is very well 
 inhabited. 
 
 The Soil of Fez. is exuberant, yielding all forts 
 of Grain and Fruit in ureat Plenty, as alio Flax 
 and Cott Ml, and ftecTs Multitudes of Cattcl, 
 Horfes, enamels and Deer. The only fault m 
 this Territory, is, that the Country on the Weft 
 fide of Uld Fez. for ten Miles in lengtli and five 
 ill breadth, is of fuch a Peftilential Air, that the 
 Natives are all of a fickly, yellow Complexion, 
 and very fubjert to a Peftilential Fever, which 
 deftroys great numbers of them. 
 
 The People eat after the manner of the other 
 Afaors of Eaikiry, and make three Meals a Day. 
 in the Summer they Breakfaft upon Bread aiii 
 Fruit, or boil'd Milk •, but in Winter they thick- 
 en Broth with Meal. Their Dinnersareof Flelii, 
 Sallads, Cheefe and OUvl,, but their Suppers 
 ligliter : They ither ule Knives nor Spoons, 
 and never drink nil they have done eating. The 
 better (i>rt over their Shuts we..r a Coat with 
 lliort Sleeves, and over tliat a loofer Garment 
 dole before. On their Heads thev liavc a Cap, 
 about which tiiey wind a long uicteof Linneii, 
 whicli comes twice under tlieir Chins. The Wo- 
 men 111 Summer wear n>Jtliing but a Smock, and 
 in Winter a loole Robe with wide Sleeves, quite 
 ciofe before. The yl'.ibi here wear a thin white 
 Wooilen like our Crape, winch they wrap two 
 or three times about their B^Kly, and a red Cap ^ 
 and others go (piite Naked, laving a Clout about 
 their Waift, and hanging down to their Knees. 
 Their Chielscloath alter the T/(-^vy/y manner, and 
 ufe a Turbant, but fmall and peeked. 
 
 Here are three forts of Nobility, one by Ex- 
 tradhoin another by Employment, and a third 
 by Wealth ^ y et all enjoying the fame Privileges, 
 and all oblige! to ferve the King, and follow him 
 to the Wars. There are in Fez. 3000 Noble 
 Families, 
 
 The Province of TEMESNA 
 
 . Is tlic moil Weftern Part of the Province of 
 ffi., extending Eaftward to the [\\vcr Iliir,ee.rej;, •, 
 Wertward to the Om/nttabih i Northwards to 
 the Ocean, and Southward to Mount yJitaj-^not 
 above 17 Miles from Eall to Well, and 17 from 
 North to South. It was once in luih a tlouriili- 
 ing Condition, ihAtJcIni Leo fays it coHtain'd 40 
 great Towns, and 3000 Caftles ^ but all this li> 
 entirely deftroy'd by the Wars, that fcarcc any 
 Footfteps of it remain. 
 
 Wm 
 
 \ 'H 
 
 W: 
 
 ii 
 
 WfW^ 
 
'74 
 
 'B JR'BARr. 
 
 A'lfi, or Jn.if.t w.is here built by tlie Rommt 
 On llv^cclfti: tit' tlic Sea 20 Mi'cs Nortli of Moiiiit 
 Otitis. Ni'.ir It 1$ a Flirt bnilt bv tlie A--tbiy 
 vvli.ic \\k\ kccpfiarridi". This place was plim- 
 dci'd iiiid rnin'cl by the rorimuefcs. Almanforit 
 was J-oiiinled bv Alm.vrjor Kiiift ot_ Morotco^ 
 tv.ii MiL'j fioin the Ofc.in, in a pleafiint IMaiii, 
 near the Rivet C/«//-, uiily inhAbitcd by y/^-.i/'X ; 
 .s".j/,(, or >■>//,/. a different Town from S.iltm /-Vi, 
 was erefted oy the Rom.ws <>ii the I'.iver Bur- 
 rc^rt.^, two Miles from the Ocean. llereKinc; 
 Al/iiMtfor bailt a (lately Moi'i'.ic, I^ilacc and 
 ("hapcl (if Mirble , where iie and his Siiccefl'urs 
 tlie /Ifrz/wf; were buried, ^ofr*.' is a l.ir^^e Town 
 which (oine will have to be tUcOp ii/n \>( Ptelc- 
 »:yy and is the Key of Jitibiyy, beiuR fcatedon 
 a Kiiik at the Muiitli of the Kiyei ri:irierrei^, 
 on whicli is a ikoii^ Forircfi. VVitlii;i it liiere 
 arc many Mofques, Palaces, Rith^, and loufide- 
 rable Shops, and without, on tlie Snutlt fide, a 
 very high Tower todifcover the Sea. J/iin fl 
 Ciiil'i is finall, but popiiloin, ,ind ie.itcd in tlie 
 V\iW. 7?'.x;.; ftaiidin-; near M.mnt -i''.!', tho' 
 tiot lart'.e, h.isbeen tainons on .iccoimt of a Sanif 
 lii'd to Iiave wrought Miracles there,in rellrainin^ 
 thcfierrenefsof l.io/it. 
 
 All the Territory of Temtjna is Hat and fer- 
 tile, efpeciallv tlie Plains of y^w/.', Xrmhulc, 
 and Zii'/'./, w'lich yield infinite plenty of (lorn. 
 The Country in i/.eiieral prodiues abundance of 
 Fruit, uiid ami)n!» tlie reft a fort call'd R.ibih, like 
 Ch,rrie^to tlie hye, and talles like Jujiib.. The 
 I ib;rtyof Th.i^ia pruducci litile Corn, but ^rtat 
 (li re of Honey, feeds lar^e Mocks of Goats, and 
 Jias many Lions and I copards. 
 
 The Inhabitants of AttJ'i were once very de- 
 iciulyclad. and drove a great Trade abroad, till 
 they ruin'cl it by I'iiacy. Tins Province was (I) 
 populous and potent, that it railed an .\riny ot 
 50000 Men at^ainll j'n/ip.'J /It'c-i I ditrnf//, the 
 (■oiii'derirf Ali'i.ii')^ but they IkiI at the iii^ht 
 of his Forces, and he eiitrinii their Province 
 made Inch a .Vlafliicre, that Icarce .u.y tliMtj; but 
 wild Healls was to be fecii there loii;^ after , yet 
 111 procel's o( tune, tl:e /cutm and //'Jirdiepeo- 
 plini^ the t.oiiiitry, tliey !>ecaine lo Mllln.lVu^ that 
 ni the Year i^o-j they railed 6cooo 1 loi I'e, and 
 h.id iCo Fcrtrelies under their Jurildiituui. 
 
 The Province of Algar 
 
 \\\<^ lor it5 Limit on the North, the Dce.in i 
 -sn the Well theUiver liiirie-Ji,:-, on the Ka(t 
 the Mountains of Cijincr.:^ and .Mounts Ztrhwii 
 and .'■(/.■, .iiid on the South the Kiver ^/.//'i"* i 
 iS .Miles beui^ its ^reateil leiif^tii, and three its 
 bread ill. 
 
 lis [owns are feated aloiij', the Coaft of the 
 Ocean. Amoni', thele is Lirnilr, by /'/,7im;j/ cal- 
 led /.'.v./, by y'i.'.'i Lixos, and by the Afuon^ d 
 ll.ii-.i'n. It is lin or fcvet) miles lro:n A>dli, 
 111 Z4 Det^. 30. mill. 1 at. and at the Mouth oi the 
 Kivcr Lu::. li>a//..iyv is of opinion, that this 
 Is tile dardeii of the Hijfoidci, and ''.jw/<f that 
 1: IS t!ie Palace ol Ait.ni'^ where Ucriides en- 
 counler'd that (.•iaiir. it has been luii^i, one ot 
 the pniuipal lortielles of /-iii, often attempted 
 in vain, botii b', :>iiJiii,ird.< and i mti(,\ii<jti, n\[ 
 h\ the Year \b\o A(i:lr\/ Zoji^r, ( iovernour of tlie 
 Place, dfliviied it up to the Marquis oj .n'. Cier 
 /a.ilii the .sp w/yA IJeneral. The Town is.idorn'd 
 ■titli bcautilul Strudhircs , and eiiclulcU with 
 
 ftrong Walls, befides three Cafiles. to winch the 
 SpDii.odi have c.iveii the Na.nes of three Saints. 
 'The Towii5ofit/i>A-;//.i>-, and f//!'""i'Ar, are icarce 
 Worth takini" notice of. Alcat..ir iJusfir, wiiidi 
 (ic,nilie« a ^rcat Palace, is near the Kiver Li- 
 ons, which lomctimesoverHow^ to iVch adffref, 
 as to droWii the lown, conlilhnr.ol about lijo.) 
 Monies, (everal Mofiiies and other Slrlll^Me^.\Ji• 
 iiy other Places have been rain'd by the Wars. 
 The Air of tiiis l'r>jviiice is l<) pleafiiit ;ihiI 
 wuolefomc, that the Kuh'.^of /<-•. I'eiuMally iyevi] 
 all tlie Sprin.i; there, and divert tnemlelves with 
 Imntins', of Deer and Hares. I'elides Iierc are 
 
 abundance of 1 lories bred, with wliich 
 
 It lup- 
 
 plies the f'ity of /c;, and the Territory of /,a. 
 y.iche produces f'ottou. The People jV' decent- 
 ly apparill'd, and are i;ood-natur'd and i;enc- 
 reus, llic ,-/c.<i».( here appl ■) thcmfelves to Tillage. 
 
 'I'lic Province of Habat 
 
 Extends (ten the River Cn.irg.^ to the Mr 
 ('Ueir.ine.w, North and South^ being bounded nii 
 the W'ellby the MoralTes ot Jjf^'ir, and partdf 
 tlie Ocean on the Eail by the Mountains of (/o- 
 mtr.t, on the South by tlie aforefaid River, .iiid 
 on the North by the Meilitd , .mt.m, being 20 
 Mile-, in leiij.',th, and 17 in breadth. 
 
 1 he principal Place-, .ire on the Coad of the 
 Ocean, .,7. ■i///, foimerl^ Zilm^ built by the ifo- 
 iiufis, 14 Miles from the Mouth of the Strci,'ht!^ 
 0111. e liibjeit to the Prince of (.V(.'f.«, who was tri- 
 butary to the P.oinnSy next ihidnths tiKik it, 
 iuid af:er tlum \.h^ AJ ihometiim. Alahjujo Kiiij; 
 of y''/>7;.'^'//iarry'd it by Aflault,aiKl lent all the 
 Inhabitants uifo I'mut^.il, yet after delendm;; it 
 leveral Years, they at la(t q.iitted it to the In- 
 lldels, who are Itill Mailers of it. 
 
 CipeSp.iurl, by y'/;/;^ call'd (»'(/, lies b.fA'Ixt 
 i4iz.ll I and 1 .ir/i/nr, biittiiii', out into the Oit-.m. 
 Above ir, at theMnitli of tlij i'nri.;';/* w.is the 
 ancient City of I .in in, formerly cilld ^i, , 
 and fro'ji it all tlie Co.iutrv At.iii> if i/iit I .i.t- 
 t !;i.i. [he /III fi III lliltorians fay it was built 
 by one Sctlrlr/l, the Son of ///./, .iiid Lord of 
 all the World , who relolv'd to build a City 
 which llioiild beiiow.iy inlenor to the Ttrrilin- 
 al Paradile I or U.auty, anil therefore he eiic'ai- 
 palled It with a Wall of Hrals, and cover'd ihe 
 Houtes with Gold and Silver. To leave tlu'l'e 
 I allies, after tlie .I//.'jtf;;uf.w.(had loiii; been pof- 
 lelled of It, Kmi; yllpbuiifo of Portnii.U took ir, 
 111 the Year 14O4, and the roitn^iirjcs delemled 
 It till It was deliver'd to the t->i«.LiJh in lOO;, 
 upon the M.irrui^e of Kini; Ca«7ti the Secuucl 
 to Qiieen C.tth.ir.nc , and he alter Ibine Years 
 II row iiiji weary of the Ciiari',e, caufed it to be 
 blown upand tiellroy'd, lince when it has been 
 only a linall l-ilhin^ Town of the .1 /(;»). >. 
 
 Lallward ot l.mu^icr, on tlie other Promon- 
 tory, wlmii forms the Mouth of the Snei.^ht', 
 Itaiidstlic City of Ce;(f.(, formerly ^fp''', anciby 
 Orielrii thoiwlit to be the IJitiH ■ of I'lakwy. The 
 titrcty.ht wlucli parts it from ^paiii is very nar- 
 r<>w. i'lie liotns took it from the Kom.i.n, and 
 the 'it.ihoiiittafii fiom them. Km^ John ol hr- 
 f;y.,/ wrelled it from thole Infidels in 1415, un- 
 der winch Crown it continued till its Union to 
 that of Sp.ti/i, and upon its revolt tins was ihc 
 only Place iliat reiiiani'd 111 the Hands of the 
 in.wi.iids, who lull keep it, tho it has been mow 
 about I.: Uars belieg'd by the Alooi^. Mie 
 
 Tnvii 
 
"B AKB AKr, 
 
 '75 
 
 Tiiwii i« fiill toiiridi'f.iHe and wtll built, lias a 
 j'^ohI I'.il.icc, fcviT.il Clitirclics anil Moiiaftcnes, 
 ami a Siixm; (^.iftle. 
 
 Srvtii Nlili-i from Ctiit.i^ iti the Town of Tc- 
 til III, or 'Trieiiin, wliiili I ill Name h (aid to fi^- 
 ml\ an F.vc-. It iseiuv'nipafs'd with a niii>d Wall 
 ,intl (lei'p Dttih , and at pictait rontuiiis abuuc 
 
 JiLO I loll IC J. 
 
 fhiTC an- 7 rtmarkabU* Mountains in tlic i'ro- 
 MiHi.' <if //.i/'.i/ , wliah arc /!./Au«f, or /■ir.ihone, 
 10 1 caf,nci in 1 .cnj^th and 4 over i Hoii y7'«', or 
 fiiiii Aliios, 7 leap.uis ill 1 cnt'.tli and ^ over-, 
 Oidiib, or [icniTillit^ Bini /itilf.in, ylmcra^ Qji.i- 
 ilrts, or ///Mf yi/<ic/.< and Ciiud.Djnh. T\k I'lains 
 lii're bciiij; watcr'd hv f.vcr.il Rivers arnxtraor- 
 liiiuirv fruitful, and bc(ides(-orn vifUl Hax •, t!ic 
 Mountains Wax and HoiicvvUid fi-i'd inuili Cattle. 
 lUrc arc Abiindaiuc of 1 loiis, but fo tearful, that 
 ilu'v Hv even from ChiUlrcii •, whence comes a 
 I'roverb amoiii!, them, when tliey would upbraid 
 a Man witii Cowardice, they fay, Ht n like the 
 Imhs «/ Aij;le, ir/;o l(t the Cows eat their T.iils, 
 
 I'lic Province of EllRlR 
 
 Tile River A'ocor rlofes it on the Mail, tlie I'ro- 
 viiiieof H'h II on the Weft, the AlciliiariincMi 
 on the Nortli, and the Mountains that reach tlie 
 Rivir (l:i.irii^,i on the Soutli. Us 1 eiiL'.tli from Eafl 
 to V\'eft 14 Miles, and the Breadth from Nortli 
 
 to Snulil li. 
 
 Uoiiii,.!, IS a Town on the Coaft of the Medi- 
 tin I'li-.u/, near t'-ree fmall Illands, one of thetn 
 called rfw/o//,and the other two,lieini; ratlier j;rcat 
 Kin.ks,7i«>-/«'/(7/./ and \rjc,g.ill.i, Ttif;.i or J'l'Rt, 
 foiue (ay was RiiiU b\ tile (/»?/;.(, is about ;o Miles 
 from th." Mouth of the .SVif /;;/;/.(, andcuntaiiis 500 
 lloules. I'llf^ ih .'.I (iomcra^ whiili foine Will have 
 to he rtolii>i\\ jiii-.i, fcated betwixt two hik^h 
 Mountains,hajabout 600 I loufesjone great Squattf, 
 a weak Catlle and a fmall Arlenal on the Shore, 
 wiiere they build (jallevsai-d other linall NelT'els. 
 About a Mile tVom it, !■> Pcmimi tie l^elcz, fiand- 
 iiig on a Kock man llland, and not accellible but 
 up a Wav cut in the laid Rock •, Ktl'ides thib,there 
 is another Kort in the Mid-way, and foine fmall 
 ones which render it impregnable. Aiiituma, Te- 
 pl] I and the other Towns aie too iiiconiiderabli; 
 to have more (aid ( f them. 
 
 The Mountains here are many, aiiionn; which 
 tli.'.t of Scm.ijiii^ or Xcxiuu, is rcck'itcd the De- 
 liiihtfuUrfl in all Ajnck. Many of tlicrn are lli^h. 
 Steep, Unciintli and Cold, covcr'd f^r the molt 
 part witli 1 rees, and vieldin.', no Grain but Oats 
 and Barley, yet prwkice (--rapes, I- i^s, Olives and 
 Almonds, and have Icarce an\, Wild Heafts, but 
 i;reat Numbers ijff;ii:its, Aliesand Monkeys. All 
 ilir Rivers here are very fidl of hlli. 
 
 Mod of the Inliabitants of thcfe Mountains 
 have Swellings under their Chins, like the I'eople 
 ot the y4/pj, and are verv deformed, ignorant and 
 radc, but make Hood Soldiers-, exceptiiij; thole of 
 Mount Ali.ii^ who .ire more civili/'d, but fo fierce 
 IiikI jeaK us, tli.it they rather bear with any Cri- 
 piiuals than Adulterers. The I-'iKid is courfe, as 
 liviiit> much upon llarley, red llerrinj;s, Onions, 
 (jarlick, (joat'sMilk, and Ibme Goafs lleili. 
 
 TIic Province of CARET. 
 
 The River .l/"/(-v' waflies iro)i the l"aft,the No- 
 '■"■ on ihc Wert, the Mi.dam\int.in 011 tht North, 
 
 and the Mountains of the Defartsof NiimuU.t run 
 alon^it nil the South. This Province i-. divided 
 into three I'arts;, The one (ontainnii', the* Iowih 
 and Nillaijfs-, thelecond tliei'/jod lands, and the 
 third the Delarts, bcninnini', in the I'-'orth about 
 the MrdiitrraiicMi , and runniiu', SoMthward to 
 lliole o( f »> nil. Th.it I'arl which contains the Vil- 
 laf.e* i^ ifi Miles lonn, and i4over. 
 
 On the Coaft of the y1/e(/(>f/r(Wfj/( is i!ie Town 
 of /1W///.(, firuierly Ryll.iilniiii, winch h.is an 111- 
 dilferent Port, and was once the (Capital of the 
 I'loviiue, coHtaiiiinp; about 2000 lloufes. In the 
 Year t4y7, the Duke of Mcdiii.iSiiiuiii.i took and 
 burnt it down -, but afterwards \x-opk'd ita^^ain, 
 fotliat it l>ciaine one of the beft darrifons the 
 Sp.iiiiMili had in j4jrick\ for the better Security 
 whereof they built a i;ood Citt.idel. Six Miles 
 from ills the Town of Cil.tf 1, and near it llj con- 
 venient a Il.iibour, that the t'cmtiinn for '.ime 
 Time drove there a coiifiderable Trade -.-vith the 
 I'eople <>1 /<:.. Kin;', f'cy/lin.iiui ot Sp:ii>i after- 
 wards took and .innex'd it to his Crown. Up the 
 Inland is 'J'lJIou, on a liigli Rock, the Way to it 
 beiiij; winding about. Affiis,cj is two Miles from 
 the Sea, on a Mountain. 
 
 Meqiieb Himii, nr F.ijiiebdemn, is a Mountain 
 runniii); Kaftward from C.if.iju to the River Alnlu- 
 yt, and Soutliward from the Sea to the Defarts 
 ofCiaiet. There were on it 72 N'ill.iiv-;- belorc the 
 SpMii.vds took Cifiijj, but fiiice it is not fo well 
 peopled. Bcniki/ul extends 8 Miles F.aftward 
 from Caj',if.i to the River Xocur and has on it 
 118 Villages. 
 
 This Province w.ints fevcral Things nereflary 
 for the Support of Human I ife, cfpcciallv Water, 
 whicli renders it for the molt part Barren. Yet 
 that Part they call the Defart, feeds abundance 
 of Cattcl, which in Summer the yli\ti>, andothrr 
 Inhabitants cail'd BataLijcs, are forc'd to drive to 
 the \iuiix Mulitya. On I'ome of the Mountains; 
 there is n<xxl Pafture, and they yield IJarleyand 
 Honey. They have alio Iron Mines, which Me- 
 tal the Natives exch..iige for 1 ioney. Kefides, here 
 are loiiliderable Breeds of g>)od Horfes. The 
 People are generally Brave, Generous and Kind 
 to Strangers. 
 
 The Province of CHAUS 
 
 Mas on the Eaft the River Zha, or Ei.ith(t :, on 
 the Weil the Oiiraif^iir.i, 011 the North Mount 
 Liiidto, and 011 the South the yttUs, being 46 
 Miles in I cngth, from Eaft to Weft, and 40 in 
 Breadth from North to South. 
 
 Tvuiert is one of tlie moil confiderable Towns 
 of this Province, very Ancient, feated on a Hill, 
 near tlie River Z/w,its 1 iberties extending North- 
 ward to the Defarts of Uaret. Hadiif^iu ftaiids at 
 the Conflux of the Pvivers /!/////;(/<< and A/iiluyi, 
 which almoll encloie it. The Ar.ibs of Diir.i Pluii- 
 der'd it,and it was (juite forlakcn during the Wars 
 o( Tiiitot ^ but the Turks have reftor'd it entire- 
 ly, lending thither a Colony of the yiiitbsoi A'/u- 
 t!l,i.i. (j'arfis, built oil a Rock, 5 Miles from Ten- 
 rcit -, once the Granary ot the kings of the Race 
 of the yl/friwcx, is all ol black Stone, Houlesand 
 Walls. AUj.i or Tez.:iy, a Strong and Ancient 
 Town, two Miles from .Mount yltl.ti, was once 
 reckoned the 3d in the Kingdom of h^, and Iiad 
 a Molque in it Larger than tiiat in the Citv of 
 Fez. ^ at prefeiit it contains 500 Houlcs, bclldcs 
 Palates, Colleges and Nlof jues of a good Stru- 
 C <: r : fture. 
 
 ■1 :'':';; 
 
 '. '* It! 
 
 < ■ t is i| ? i 
 
jl 
 
 .7<5 
 
 'B A R'B A RT. 
 
 rtiirc, and its Liberties witliviut are of a threat 
 FxtcDt. hciiihiiliiil , forim'ilv Hent.i, is on tlif 
 Deftciit of Mount /-/r/.n, ■md near it a Ivoad wliicli 
 leads into Numldiii. J-/ imlifihiii^ov .iir rlCiitJiii/i, 
 that is, tlie Spring of llie Idols. li)caird from an 
 ancient Temple, where Men and Women met and 
 Coininitted all Sorts of I endncfs. 
 
 Here are two der.t;lhriil I'lains, that of .S'.-i/i <■/ 
 A/.irg.], i'u'.niryint;, the Plain of the Valiant Men, 
 
 14 Miles loni?, and 10 in lireadth. The other i> 
 call'd Ai-'^,iri 1 C'wm.iirii. Mount Ar.itf\a>-t, z 
 Miles from icii, is very ditViuilt of Alrent by 
 lleal'on of the Narrowneisof tite Ways. C.ivtt.i 
 
 15 5 Miles from T«t.J, runnin^^ E,dl and Wei^ 
 I Miles in l.eni;t!i, and contains S3 Nillai^cs, be- 
 ildcs two Springs, whid) make two confiderable 
 Hivers. On Mount Me^cz^.i there are 40 \ illaj^es, 
 and -,5 on lliyotm. On that call'd .1/i.itinr, or 
 the Monntain of icoVVells, there is (aid to be a 
 dry one, io Deep that tliey cannot find the liot- 
 torn ot It. Cuiiiiii:^ilf'J}nben, or ('on<hncihcrhcH, u 
 not inhabited, by Kealljn of its C'okinel's, beiii^ 
 all wo.'cied and f\tll of Leopards and Crows, from 
 winch lail it is luppos'd tnjiavc taken tlie Nanie, 
 for ('iin.ii-yi-l-i^heii'i/i , fii;nihes, the Way of tlie 
 CroWs. The North Wind iometimes drives fiu!i 
 
 Mountains of .Sii'>w on it, that Travellers arc o! 
 ten Biiry'd alive. Retii}.ile.a and Silvio are two 
 Monntains, on caJi Side the River .S';.//«, tii 
 each of whidi is made fail a mighty Beam, wkIi 
 a llroiu', l'nllev,throa;;h which a Kope paliishotli 
 Ways, and on It han.1,- a jjreat Ba-ket that \vi|| 
 Iiold ten Men i tlie nie whereof is, when any wi|| 
 pals over the River, they i',et into itand arcdriwn 
 aerol's with much Eale, lb that it ferves iiiiicut 
 of a Bridge. 
 
 For the mod part tliis I'rovincc is llonv, dr.: 
 and barren ., yet tliere are fome Valleys and I'l mi' 
 which prodiueCjrrainand fruit, beino w.itei'dj,^' 
 feveral fin.iU Rivers, as alio fome Flax, and feed 
 mucli Cattle and 1 lories. On fome of the M„nr,. 
 tains there are abundance of Siiakcs,and lome thu 
 go into the Houlis and cat what is p,iven tlicin 
 witliout doing any Harm. . ' 
 
 As for the Natives, thole oh Mount /lAvr; t 
 are wliite, able of Hody, Iwift, and j;oo(| ii,.|j'. 
 men y tliol'c of I'ti-eif^a, arc ill looked ; tlif \y,). 
 men of Mount Buroiiis fair, beautiful and well 
 drefs'd y tlie Men on SVw.n liciiijcchfetai very hni. 
 tal. but thofeof ^(///-y. (/;;.; courteous and iiiodell 
 and fo tliey vary accotcliiifj to the I'evcr.il I'l.iccs 
 they inhabit. 
 
 !!i 
 
 CHAP. V. 
 
 Of the Kingdom of A R G I E R. 
 
 THIS Name is ^iven it from the Capital 
 City, for umier the Romnis it was calld 
 M-iitrita>;i.i CxJ'.t'ieiifn, as Johi l.cn, AJ.ir- 
 u:ol, Dtviry, hivlw, and all others a^rec, only 
 Clnvc-nns will I'ave t!ie Province C.it.irieii/u to be 
 that of £)./>■/, ill .Xni'nili.i-^ but th.it it w.is this 
 Km .dom appears bv t!ie City Cxf.nr:! built there 
 byK;:!.; y///).), in Honour ot (•'.»/.■<'■ Aui^nlhis. After 
 their Days, wlien coiviuer'd by the Anibs, it was 
 long call'd, the Kii^dom oi r>c>iinoi^ but at pre- 
 fcnt nrwerai is a Dependance on Artier. 
 
 On tile Well it bi'iderson tlie Kingdoinof AVi, 
 from w!iicliit is divided by tlie Rivers of .I/;/;;./ 
 and Z'j /, or Zii y on the South are the I\"larts 
 cf Kiiiiuili.t\ on tlie r.all the i;rc.it River (in.iJ,- 
 borb ir. fctiaratiii^ it from Titi'is y and on the Nortli 
 the ."'tediterrauean. /.f, and from him Hcyliii, 
 111 ike t!ic wliole I CI', ',th from Rail to Well ;Ho 
 Milis, Lii C'oi-: cxieiids it to 450, a-id Pierre D.r-t 
 to near 500. The Breadtli from Nortli to South 
 where Lar^eft is 150 Miles, in otlier Places not 
 above f)0. rile Climate, Seaioiis, and Tempera- 
 ture of che Air, are mudi tlic lame as has been faid 
 of /V--. and Atorctco, they all dilVerinj; little in 
 Latitude. 
 
 The Inhabitants are of feveral Nations, asT/«-^.f 
 and 7 "'(/'/■/'<. I, wlio come from the 1 evant to make 
 tlic'ir fortunes y Native /l/'«*\t. Tributary to the 
 liii-li\ and call'd fi/'fq-/.<jfw y Aut '(;«v,whotome 
 from til.' Mountuns of Conm and L.ibez. ; abun- 
 dance of 'feps and AUrijtos expell'd 'Sp^iu : Ta- 
 i'.irws beiiif.', tliole that came fron A'-rminn and 
 Cn.don.':! ^ belides j^reat N'u.nbcrs of ChrilTian 
 Slaves taken at Se.i. 
 
 Tlie [,i:biijjcs are Arabs, who !i>e in the op^n 
 Country, aloiiR the Iktiks of the Rivers tor tlie 
 C:mvenieiKv cf Wate.. Others wander 111 the 
 Ujliirts, in fuch Numbers, th it they- value not the 
 
 Viceroys of y^r^'/'er, anymore thin they did thi 
 Kin^s t,f TiciMieii , and if the A'l-rerines make 
 War on them, they retire to theDelarts of/J/f- 
 diilu,eri(l, where tliey cannot be purlliM. At pre- 
 feut they pav an Ackiiowlediiiieiit to the Cuui- 
 maiidiiH', liitli. 
 
 Many Parts of this Kiiu'dom aredry and b.ir- 
 ren, yet others abound 111 all Thinj^s nece(lar\, 
 not only for the Support ot I ilv-, but for Deli i'jit 
 and Pleafurc. The Northern Parts of /;f/.;fif,.j 
 next the Mediterranean abound in Pallnivy the 
 Mountains Well of /i'w;, ^-fr/jio aiiil li./j.iMe 
 triutful m Corn and Meailow I and. Aloiii; the 
 (aialls a{ R'i)i.i,Cxiil}MUii!,i and 7rf/?/f(o,', there are 
 Plains full of all forts of Krnit. TheDelartsareihe 
 Habitation of Lions, Olhiches, Porcupines, Wild 
 liv)ars, 1 ledi.'lioi^SjSta^s, (^imaleoiis, .Monkeys .aid 
 all forts ot Wild-Wnvl. The Towns in this Kim;- 
 dom are tliin, and thole not populous, cxceptny 
 the City of Ah^icr. Thole up the Inland are m- 
 habitedby People iiaunhty and bold, wh.iTr.ide 
 into BUcdid^irid, 0'«;«f.i, and other Countries 
 of the Blacks. 
 
 The inoll remarkable Rivers here are, iIk y.h.r, 
 or yjis, which runs aerol's the Delarts of A:i:,:icily 
 aloiu; the 1 routiers of /c:., and falls into the Me- 
 diterranean , its Water clear and full of lilli. 
 Hu d-Udb.a falls into the //.', near the Plains of 
 (.'ir.it, and alonj' it live many delpcrate Ar.tb!, 
 who are ill Neighbours to Oi-.w. 7c/;;f, h^- Pin- 
 lcin\ call'd S.^i, and now Ifirci-Clol, comes ti\i:u 
 Mount Alii, aiiois the Dej'^rtsof A'Rucrl, and 
 lofes it lelf in the A/olittrr.n.eMi, 5 Le.ii^ues from 
 OfM. Aliiii, is a lari;e River, by /'/ti/r//;j' rall'd 
 ('l!)lt//i.i, ruuuiiu; througji the Plains of li.itl.iii 
 Northward, and joy iiiiiji the /l/iv<(fenvi,vf./« near 
 riieTownof W- i<v). ydij', formerly C.iricn.iiS^- 
 Ice'ids from Mount (•'«./'/(■! r v.", and cr illinr, the 
 
 I'lfia.t- 
 
"B AKB AKJ, 
 
 Defarts enteib the Sea tni tlic Frontiers of Tri- 
 mtttii-wiX lilies. CWc/, I'uppob'd ti)be thcC/;/««.i 
 of I'lolc.i.y empties it leit' 5 Miks from Aiejer. 
 }Iii(d el Qiiib^r, by the Chijthiiij tail'd Zin^.tnor, 
 aiitl tho^ls^^t to be i\k Nai..4)ais of ft Jemy, after 
 rowliiiti iIdwii from the liigh Tops of Mount //(/^j, 
 ends its C'onrle near />«i;(./. Suff^eM.ir^ whitli loitie 
 believe tu b; rtotei.iy'f, jinipyjty,ii', has itt Rifi; r.i 
 Mount A.i>\ii , navcrles the barren Plants, and 
 
 177 
 
 by ConfiMUma^ meets the Atedittrr.vieun 
 y.idoiT)^ or Ladoch, has its Orip.in ott Mount At- 
 /.if,and isfwallowMby tivjSca iK.r ^owi. (///,(- 
 dihorbiit; takes its Courli. alonf ttie Frontiers of 
 Jriptli, and jo\ns tlie St« ^'^eft of Biftrt.i. 
 
 This Kingdom was formerly divided into four 
 Tarts, which are Tre/muiiy Tencx., / ,ii:r and 
 ifi//!w :, at prelent the 7«r/tireckc:. •' I'rovinces 
 ni it, which with their chid Town.. land thus. 
 
 Trcmeceu 
 
 ( 'Tremcicrt. 
 \Uiihct. 
 ^h\j'cz.ire. 
 (tetcl.t. 
 
 fClt:tt',id.l. 
 
 Ancad. \ Tenjccct. 
 U/lt. 
 f Hem- dhax.t. 
 
 ben,-Araxid.^i;;;^';^y^„^_ 
 t liatlKi. 
 CAiiliinit. 
 
 t /f//,(c.;. 
 
 Couco Kingdom. s^.^- 
 Labez. Kingdom.-^ ^'j[.y_" 
 
 oncii: 
 
 t/lliU'IIS. 
 
 T C Teiiez.. 
 
 T""- Uudn,. 
 
 TchtfTa. ^Ttbeffa, 
 
 r Hitm.oib.tr. 
 Humanbar. ^'Vebmir, 
 
 CNedKoiiu: 
 
 llarcfgol. <^Harejf^ol. 
 
 n,-; 
 
 ran. 
 
 Moiiagan. 
 Sargel. 
 
 The Pioviiice of Tiemecen 
 
 Was formerly a Kingdom of a lar^c Extent, 
 now reduced to a ImaW Fart of the Knijidom ot 
 A.pjn; Uw'^ ,\.\w\\\ tlie Mediior.me.m from rhi: 
 ("onfiiies of /-fi., ti. the l'rovini\'of Angad., an I 
 llrctchiiu' ijoutlnvard to the Uelarts under Mount 
 jitlu. 
 
 T'cmcccti its Capit:il, tiK)Uf;ht tc) be the Timiji 
 nf Prolcr/iy, (hinds s Miles South from the /I /ff/;- 
 lor.wc.m. 1 lie Walls ol it liuilt ni tlie Year r^;n. 
 :!veof Squari-StoiK', 40 C.ubits Iiit;h, aiidfortijyd 
 with in.uu lowers, and 111 tliem 5 dates witli 
 DiMW-bndi'.i'. It has a llroiii; (JalUe of Modern 
 Struituie, with l.iri;e Apajtinents for the Taiii- 
 ziiies, s Squire Colleges, i) I'nntipal Mo(!|ucs, 
 tlie reinai'.'(! ■•• <if 15c, 4Statcly Halhsoiitol 160, 
 li llo'pitj's , one lor tlie A'cwr/.W), one for the 
 (irnocjis., tour for the A/ot»:<^ and fix for all Stran- 
 urs', lOliiiKllom Market i'laces. Tlie Uoufe'< 
 ] rj^er and mov.- Beautiful than thole at A f\iti ., 
 witli curious Ciardens (iif all Sorts of fruit, ^or- 
 incrU here were rnkoiii.d6oooHiiules, but now 
 moll of tbe Inliabitaiits .ue Ked Irouilhe Cruelty 
 of the Imk.!. Hiiliii IS a imall Town, half u League 
 South of7Vfw;e(<-»,bui't1n the K.im.ms, aiidtaHVl 
 Afiii.tr.t. Tci'cz.ii>e is itill coidli.ler.Lble, llandinn 
 in the Plain, 4 Miles I'aLi of Ireiiuti.i and wall'd, 
 ■lielu-v'd to be the AftiuAa o'il'i.dany. 
 
 The Couivtrv abounds lu Water, and produces 
 I'lent\ of Corn, and i'.vi.it Winetv, of Ituu. The 
 inhalntanls are diviclcJ into lour Sorts, Han- 
 dicr.ilts, Merciiaiu.-., (nin men and Svvordlmen. 
 I'he Merchants I'lade into the Country of the 
 lilacks. fhe lii!-abiunu of the Towns are I'o- 
 hte aiii' Courteous •, thole of the Plains wander 
 about from I'lace to I'late. IheKin^sof ircmi:- 
 UN \vv.ie once I'owerful-, they long paid Tribute 
 totlie Kiiijis of >■/)./;«, and now the Country is 
 Subject to the lurk:., i-vjverird by ail Aluudc leui 
 thither by the Jl.iB-t ot u-L.^icr. 
 
 'Brtfior. 
 
 Argier 
 
 Bugia. 
 
 Ciigeri. 
 
 rCarifl.m 
 Conft.intina.< Ajcal. 
 
 rArpjcr. 
 
 jTeddettz^ 
 
 )S.,j.,. 
 
 t Cul de/Madejjres. 
 
 < Sufc. 
 
 < Cigcri. 
 Cotifl.mifia, 
 
 .adu. 
 
 .lur. 
 
 Bona. 
 
 " Botiii, 
 \ MeU 
 
 The Province ol Angad 
 
 Is no other than the Weftern Fenny Part of the 
 Province of Trtmctcn, 17 Miles in I.en^ith from 
 Part to Well and 1 2 in Breadtli, tlie River Mdn- 
 \'> runniuf^ throui'^h the midfl of it, on whofe 
 Banks live feveral confiderable Herds of Anibs^ 
 ivs thole of Vied TMii, Vied Ana.v , and Vltd, 
 M.w^ar. 
 
 Tlie Towns Iiere are, Ck inld.i, bcinft Ptolemy'^ 
 /-.wji;.«<j, feated in a Plain, y Miles from the Aie- 
 diterr.uicrin, and contaiiiiiu', ^000 Families. Ten- 
 J()',i.fi, Strom;, as iVandinn on a Rock, in the Way 
 to/-ii,, where the I'liris have rais'd Fortifica- 
 tions, made an Arfenal, and keep a j^cwd Garri- 
 fon. ////, or /Ceril, by foine call'd (jif^lmi , and 
 taken for the Oiv.i of PtuUir.y., is in a Plain, de- 
 fended bv a Kort. 
 
 Bcni-'/xtiiic IS a Mountain in tliis Provincc.witli 
 feveral \'ill.it;es on it, and a Caftle in whicli the 
 lord of tlie Mountain lives, it is moft barren 
 and uinvhokloin, but the plain Country yields 
 Corn and all Sorts of Friiit •, and in the Defarts 
 thiie are .AbundaMce of Red and fallow Deer, 
 Wild Boiirs, Olhiches, laons. Ore. The Delart 
 l\irt ol tins Province is full of Araht., who rob 
 the Palleinjers betwixt te^ and Irtmctdi. The 
 Goveiiiour rcfides at Cujgidit, 
 
 Tlie Province of BenI- Araxid 
 
 Or Bcfii-K.izid., is a .Ocpendance of Arfiier, n 
 Miles 111 Length and 5 m Breadth, the Southern 
 Part of It Plain, the Northern HiUy. ItsCapital 
 ii Be/ii-Ar,i.\- , tho' not wall'd, containing lOoO 
 Houfes. The next Place is CWw.i, formerly yifoj, 
 enclos'd by a flroni; Walt between two Moun 
 tains. The third Alwochiijiuropa), but has a fort 
 to del'eiid it where the Ciovcnioiu refides with a 
 );ood(j«rriloii. Ilic Soil is -very where Fertile 
 in Com, feeds great HocKs of Cattd, and has 
 
 (lore 
 
 
 m 
 
 *'4 *■' 
 
 ; I' I 
 
 •>X W 
 
 iV, 
 
\i 
 
 u 
 
 i 
 
 m 
 
 17S 
 
 "B JRB /RY. 
 
 ftore (if Hone V. Moft 
 baiulmen or Grazier?. 
 
 if ilic Natives are Hi. - 
 
 The Province of Miliaria. 
 
 lies up tiK" Inland of tlic K.iiiRdom of A.fje), 
 tiikins^tlK Name *'f its Capital, and ii.\ninj> mi 
 the Weft to the Province of Fcni-Araxid, and on 
 theEaft to that of Arpifr. The Citv, foimerly 
 Aldifiauc^ or M.wli.m.ty is lari'.e, ;iMd built by the 
 Roitiiins, (lu a hi;;h Hill, 9 Miles from .-he^ier., en- 
 compaiVd witli liii;h \\'alls, reachins:^ on the one 
 Side to A Deep\'allc\, andafiendint', on the other 
 to the Top of the I lill. Mi-ain.i was alio built by 
 the Romans, \z Miles from tlie .Tfetliterr.iiicvifbc- 
 fwecn AUfl.if,:!!! and Tenet, wall'd, and in it a 
 Citadel, a Palace and a lari;e Temple bn^lt by the 
 Rom.m.t, Tclj'.ir.i, by tlie yij'ric.ws rall'd TcqiuUfM, 
 that is, the ancient Citv, is famous in R,i/:.i/i Hi- 
 flory, by the Name ofCtJluci, and now CiMitains 
 I ^00 Houfe?. Alt the People of this Province aie 
 mean and intonfiderable. 
 
 The Province, or Kingdom of Couco. 
 
 It was formerly call'd Ciiri ib.i, and tho' a Sepa- 
 rate Kingdom, yet being Tributary to j4rp.icr, 
 the Turki reckon it, as a Dependance thereof. The 
 Mountain Coido , which Ikis its Name from the 
 Capita!, feated near it, is properly caU'd Fi,uit:t 
 Andilom, and lies between Artier and Biigiii. 
 Tlie City Couco contains 1600 Houfes, is nanualiy 
 very Strong, as being fecar'd by ftecp Rocks, and 
 where thole fail, has a t;ood Wall. TimacusMw 
 Sea-Port belan;;inn to the Kint; of Comn, but ta- 
 ken from him by the Aigieriues. Here i» great 
 Plenty of Fruit, Flax, Honey, Wax, Corn and 
 Cattle, and on the Mountains there are Iron 
 Mines, and Salt-Peter is found. The Iniiabitants 
 are all Afil>o/iiet.i/is, except rome7f!f.', and a few 
 Chriftiau Merchants. The Kin^'/s Revenue isva- 
 lu'd at 70OCCO Ducats, and he maintains himfelf 
 ay,ainft the TioIk by the inaccctViblenefs of Ins 
 Mountains, ftandinii always upon his Guard, and 
 rather favourin^j tlie Sp im.nd: than the Aajenncs. 
 in the Days of the Emperor 67; /;/f.( the jch, the 
 Prince tlien rei^niiiR allilkd him witIi20oo Men 
 againll that City, and when he was gone made 
 Peace with /l>\sii<r, which was not l.illiiu^-, but 
 tho' the i'pMiii»d.< endeavour'd at other 7 line* to 
 maintain their Inteliitience there, it ihll prov'd 
 of no Efteft. 
 
 The Province, or Kingdom of Laber, 
 
 like the l«ft above, is Tributary to Arp^in, 
 bcin^ Mountainous, % Miles from Cumo and lo 
 or 1 1 from Hii-^ia. On the Top of the Hill is a 
 Fort call'd CjLh, and at tlic Foot of it a Town 
 nain'd Tr///, with a Cit.idel, to oppoi'e the Turk!. 
 \ery little f'orn, or Frnit i',rows liere, or fcarce 
 any thinji but Sword (jrals. The Natives are 
 much like thofe of Couco : 1 his K\ng is ahle to 
 brini', into the Field :(0O0O Horle and Foot, but 
 isoblit;'d Yearly to fend the Ballii of Ai.n.ur .^co 
 Horfes, and 1000 Goats, in Return for which he 
 has a TurkilVi Cymitar let with Stones. 
 
 The Province of Tenez 
 
 Lies to the Northward of Ciico and Labr:., a 
 Maritime Part of the Kingdom of Ar,.ier , bor- 
 
 ileiing Weft on T^f/Mff;.', Eaft on A,cier, yr.'t 
 pcilv (o c.illd , and riachini< <>n rlie Soutl. ti. 
 Mi.unt v4r/i). Tenti, the Capital Citvf it. hv 
 Mil m^l thous;ht ii> be the Ao</Yi.-,'«/,7,and b\' Smu 
 the lipoj.i of I'tvlcmy, is leated on the V,\^ Top of 
 a Hill, 17 Miles Fall of Or.m, and the (imv Di- 
 iVa. ICC Weil from A>/ie>. It has a CaUU, (or 
 iieily tiie Palace of the Kings, .ind now of the 
 Govenioiir'). ^/(t/H.<,or Aftir.t,\s on the 1 lOiitiers 
 of f'V/;(/iiiand IliUiliiUcriJ. The Soil '.;;eiK'ialU 
 Fruitful , tiie I'roduii of the Country C"/jrii,c;at 
 tel, Wax and Honey. The Native, .ae r.ideaiid 
 unpoliftrd ■, but the A>\il)<hA\i io.'iethnm i-f Bra- 
 very and Generofity,and tlw' if,iv.»raii; of i li;iKiiir 
 Men of Parts ■, i\n if any I'uili luppeii> tw coiuf 
 amont^them, they (Tup him to decide all l)ii]"f- 
 rences among them. 
 
 The Province of Tcbcll'.i 
 
 _ Is an Inland Country, beariiiRtlie N.inie of its 
 ("apital, formerly call'd rh.ibi:ii.t, and Hated on 
 the Frontiers next FllcAnlccrui, 5.1 MiKn from the 
 A(ediicn\im\i>:. The W alls of it are of j arne 
 Stjiiare Stones, which j;ives Occafion to believe it 
 was built by tiie Rom on ■, belidcs that tliere are 
 found in it abnudance of .Antiquities, and parti- 
 cularly, f.itin liillriptioii> oil I'lUars and utiier 
 Pieces of Marble. On the Mountain near the 
 Town , there are large iJens, which tl;e People 
 fanl'ie were the I)wel1in!!,sof C}iants,tho' it app- irs 
 the\ are only Quarries, whence the Stone was d.u; 
 to Huild the Place. This u reckoned one of tlie 
 beautifullert Towns in At>.ik\ ard laid • f rMls 
 them all m three Thin; •, the (jtx'dn. ^ (ii i'; 
 Walls, its excellent Trees, and t!ie Mulru .le ;if 
 Walnut Trees, wliich make it lock like ' Foroft 
 on all Sides. However ilic Air u uiiwiiolfum, and 
 t!ie Territory not over fruitful. 
 
 Tlic Province of Hamanb.ir 
 
 Bring the inoft Weftern .Maritime Province of 
 this Kingdom, hearing rlie Name of its C ipital, 
 bordering on tlii: Province of /ii. The(j'.v H.i- 
 fntinb.tr, or Hi'r.i':in, whicii AVifV/ believes to be 
 theo'vi./w;, and 6'v,(;;.-.jvf the .S'i;;.( o( Ptolr/.\,, h.is 
 a lit;Ie Harhoiir,andgood Walls-, its Houlc hand- 
 lorn, built ol btone o( leveralCoUjiirs, widieaclj 
 a Well of frelli Water. Tihity'it, iormerly J'hiuii- 
 iii, is at the l(X)t of a Cra^;g) iViountaiii, on the 
 Coaft of the Mcditerr.m.Mi. h'ed-RomJ, that is, 
 Nc:v-Kome. ihiiids 111 a ''lain, three Miles from tlie 
 Sea, thought to be the Ccl.i/n,> of I'toleris. Its 
 Walls, Huiifes, RuiiH, and mighty Stones and 
 Pillars of Alibafter found there witli L.ii.u Inl'cn- 
 ptions, plainly (how u was the V\'ork ol the AV 
 DhMs. Here are two Mountains, tlic one call'd 
 T.irarc, or CualU.ijit, very Huih and Steeps tJie 
 other Vib.ira. All tlie Country, both Fliils and 
 Plains yield much Cotton, Flax, Fruit and Corn. 
 
 TIic Province of Harclgol 
 
 Is .mother Maritime Province, fo call'J. from its 
 Capital, where the Governour relides, Itaiuling 
 Weft from tl::iii.mbiy,:\\v}i Ealt from Oi. 1,7, at tlie 
 Mouth ol the River lefcnc, or S^y.:, whicli wallus 
 it round, except on the South, where is. 1 narr.nv 
 Palfage am(Mi;', the Rocks, was Taken and I'liin- 
 
 der'd by Count Peter 
 
 |\3 , T* .13 
 
 of N.i^ 
 
 ■jii'ye in 1 3 70, 
 
 but 
 
 rebuilt by the /■/'.//•<, who now pollcis it, by the 
 
 Coiifenr 
 
BAK'B ARY, 
 
 179 
 
 Conftnt of the Turks, by 'vhom the Citadel \i 
 garrifoii'd. 
 
 Tiic Province of Oran 
 
 1 ic^flill upon the McJiterrrtiie.vi, bouiukd on 
 the Welt liy that of Hanjl^d, and on the Rail by 
 /'fw;. The C\t\f Or.w ^ Ibme fay, is the fiime 
 wlrnli Pli'iv r.ilU iJ^i-L.1 and Ptolemy J>u,J t, ut 
 rmji, or aciordmi; tn otliers, his kofuwi. Its 
 Situation isopiiotite XoC.trth.i^f'/a wSpiin, (larily 
 III iW: I'lain, .uid partly on tlie alccnt of a Hill, 
 with the Sim on onefidi-, and Hrooks on theother. 
 Itwashccoin; .1 mighty Harbour of P\rats, who 
 iiifelkd the(^oathof Sp.tin, which mov'd Cardi- 
 iul Ximnicz. CO undertake the t'onqnt-lt ot it , 
 i-.herem lie Siuoccded and icleai'd 20000 Chn- 
 itian Captives. Since tlien it ever tontinu'd in 
 the Pollliiion of the Sr::>ii,i>ds , till now about 
 t!k' latter end vi the Year 1707, or bei',iiMnni;ot 
 i7c!i, It was aitei- a loiijj Siej^e retaken by the 
 hiltdolt. 
 
 The Pfovincc of Molbgan 
 
 UaUiecn made by the'J/o-^vtof two Sea-l'>rt5, 
 which are /I/./i.i,:).^;, a.-d Hjt.ig'i'i^ the iirll ot 
 them hippos'd by /'/■' v^-o/ to be Ptnhir.ys I'o'tiis 
 Dinr/ini, near t!ie M.mth ot the River I'I'ilcl, two 
 Imall Leagues froin(J. ;//. It is wall'd and has a 
 good Caille. .-1/>/^(i;..',v, bcliev'd to be C.mai.t m 
 Piokm\\, is on \.\k Mcditcrr.incx,!^ 9 Miles Irom 
 O'.iw, and but two from tl;c River Oj,Vf/ and Ma- 
 vi5*-.'«, containmi; \%co Houfes, and a ilately 
 Mofqiie, is a good I'ort, and has a Catadel in the 
 hiRhcrt l^irt of it. A Leai^ue WdV from Orw, 
 ovcrafmall Eav, ^iwAi M>z.iilqiiivir^ fignifving 
 a^reat I'ort , likelv to be the Partus Mi-vits ot 
 I'tolot.y , for it is reck'ned one of the larj^ell and 
 f,ifcl\ in tlie World. The Spim-^rds took tins I'lace 
 111 the Year 15C5. and tnive inaintain'd it till this 
 Day, when .t is bclieg'd by the Infidels. In this 
 ("oimtry i> rlie Mountain M.iii.n:iv.i runnnit; 9 
 ieaeucs alonjj the Meditoi.nir.it/, the People on 
 It, tlio' Natives, wander .ibout in Tents like tlie 
 Arabs, and pay 12OCO Clowns a Year to the 
 114.1 of .i'-i;icr. 
 
 The Province of Sargel 
 
 Is another of the .Mantimc C'jovtrnments, and 
 Uilineniber'd from tliat ot V.-.fi. Its Capital of 
 the lame Name, is thou^^ht to be the ancient C.itiii- 
 ii'.'s built by the K'nnms, on tlie y!/(v/;f(ir.wMw, 
 ') Miles hail ^i l:m^. 1 lie VVa',.s are of Square 
 itone, and there arc llill to he teen tlie Remains 
 of a Magnificent Temple eieiited b'^ the Rum.vn. 
 Hajiiii, ox liirju., Is another /'('/v../« Town, near 
 the Mciiitnr.i.c.ii,, the Walls of it a Mile and half 
 ill C. .mpali;. l-onr Miles H.atl of .'^.li i;f/ is a Moun- 
 tain call'tl by the liiikf (.:.,\ii'u!.i, by the Alons 
 (/i.i; j;.i«?-,and by the ('hriliians B.i' :.'/«, lohit^h 
 tlwi, iroin the lop of it, a Ship may be teen 12 
 1cii!2,nesotVatSea. The Country affords Corn, 
 kuit .nid lla\. Thclnhahitantsare ingenious^ 
 thole of S.irf^ii .'pply ihemlelves to the bilk Ma- 
 nn laiSlnre, and tl.oie of hrcjioi- have a Crol's paint- 
 ed on their lianil ■tiidThit;h, an ancient Cullom 
 remainiri; amoiuj, them fince the T'.me ot the (Joths. 
 
 Tlie Province ol Algiei". 
 
 Tins was one of the four Provinces of the for- 
 11 er Knu;doin oi Ircmtitn , bordering Wellward 
 on the I'rovnue of 7f/<fi., Eiillward on that of 
 /</'! 1.1, Sonthw.ird it reaches to Mount y///.(.', and 
 
 on the North lias tlie Mtditorancm. The Plains 
 liere are inhabited by rich Arabs, call'd Sen 
 Tetix.t, and the N^ountains by Bcrehxs and Ar- 
 fiiaf-es. 
 
 The City (V Airier was the Capital of AfMiri- 
 t.vila, in tne Days of Kini; Jiih.t , and its Anti- 
 quity is the Caufe we cannot decide whnw.isits 
 Founder. Some will have it to be the ancient 
 Srtlde ■, MercMor, and others Jitli.i C.ij'nc 1. Tiic 
 Mahomttan Arabs^vAvi abolilli'd all Roin.w Names, 
 ^.ave it that of Alji,e7.ir\ that is, the lllsnd, on 
 Account of a Imall one there is opj-ifite to the 
 Mole. Its fifture is Square, and its Situation is 
 on the Side of a Hill, lo that the Honfes rife one 
 above another, and by that means cvjry one has 
 a full Profprtt of the Sea The W alU arc partly 
 Hriik and partly Stone, i.' Foot in Thicknefsanu 
 ^o Foot High, in the Upper-part of the Town, 
 but 40 next the Sea , llrtngthned with Towers 
 ■nid Haftions, and a larcie l)itcli. The Streets, 
 which afcend,as the Town does, arc moll of thetn 
 narrow, to keep out the Sun :, except one thaC 
 runs from Lall tc Wefl, which is wider, and full 
 of Shops of all Sorts of^ Commodities, and there 
 the Corn, Hread, Filhand Flelli-markctsarc kept. 
 The Ciates that open are f.iK, fomc others being 
 wall'd up. The Houfes are about 15000, all of 
 Hrick and Stone, whitened within and without^ 
 but fmall and only one Story high, the Rooms of 
 them brickd of feveral Colours. There are above 
 lOO Fountains to ferve the City with Water. Five 
 or fix Families live in every Houfe, which has four 
 Galleries above and as many below, and a Court 
 in the Middle. The Rooms next the Street have 
 Windows, but thole inwards none, nor are there 
 any dardens behind the Houfes. The B ifj.'i Vs.- 
 lace is the noblell Strudare in the City. There 
 are Nine other Buildings they call C;f' >/, which 
 are Ca/ern;, bein^ the Habitations of "^co J.^.' 
 futtu Six Prifons, wh.ch they call Ri'S, lerve 
 to keep the Captives tiu y take at Sea. The real 
 Baths amount to 6;, and the Moiques to 107. 
 Inns and Lodging Houles t'lere .ire none , but 
 abundance of faverns .uici t'ooks Shop, , kept 
 by Chriliu'n Slaves. The Mole makes all the Har- 
 bour there is, defended by a J-ort , erefted on 
 the Point of the llland oppolite ro it. Belides 
 tiiis, there ave feveral Forts both tyithinaiid with- 
 out the Cat';. 
 
 The otiicr Towns are Teddilci., formerly Ad- 
 dim.' •■, Siijft, which is the ancient I'lp-ljus , and 
 Col dt Mndtj (I rj,built and inhabited by the Aloors 
 that Hed ont of Sp.thi. The I and here is gene- 
 rally rinitfnl, excepting Ibme Barren Mountains, 
 near tlie Sea. In the Deferts there are Lions, 
 leopard-, Tigers, Wild Boars, Hedgehogs, Buf 
 laloes witii long llraighl Horns, Multitudes of 
 Partridges, and all orlier Sorts of VVild fowl. 
 Or.iih.')!-- tells us of a particular Sort of Beall here 
 call'd, AiS.ipiid, which they tame, as he fays he- 
 did li>me himlelf, and itlerves for Hunting, like 
 al3og. The Head is like a Cats, theTail mottled 
 and the Innd Legs longer than the tore. Here is 
 another Oeature between a Dogand 1 1 ox^whole 
 Breath 111 a Momingfalhii^^is laid to cure Numb- 
 nets in the 1 imbs. 
 
 The Inhabitants of Aii:^ie>- are almoft white, 
 flrong cf Body, and well fi.ap'd, but here are 
 People of all Nations, .Y.».<i,(r(fj, rmh, Afons, 
 And.tlui.tims, jnri, Lawny /l/flcr.t of Caino mA 
 L.ibt^, and Aut.is^ne.., befidcs Merchants and 
 Chriltwn Slave Without the Towns there are 
 
 none 
 
 i, .*r 
 
 M 
 
 ' 14'* iJi 
 
 ■ a.H'.- 
 
 ■** 
 
 i^tl 
 
 
!8o 
 
 B AK'B AKY. 
 
 3 i i 
 
 (liHie but Afooyj and -/4/;tt/ living in Tents near 
 tlic Rivers fur the (like of the VViUer. The Vice- 
 1>>V and great Men let their Beards grow, tlie 
 Corntnoii lort wear Whiskers. Iheir H-juliiold- 
 Cioods are I'ots and Uillies, great woovlen Snuoiis 
 "' Trunks, a Mar, aCaruetjaQ;iilt, and two 
 
 or three Hlankeis •, yet moil ot them lie at Nu'.ht 
 on a Mat, wlutli is their Tabk-Clotli in the 
 
 Their lood is Kiie, fine Hour made into 
 final! grains hkeSliot, wliith tliey call 6/.'i.iHc, 
 build Meat, ami 1 ruit. The Cliril'tians iliat are 
 free wear tljeir own Country Habit, tlie Slavi-s 
 a grev Suit and Seaman's Cap. 1 he tommun lort 
 ol' AUo,\< over tiieir Shirt have Linen Drawers, 
 and a "looil; Cianuent ot" whiti- Woollen, with 
 .1 Hood to It', or elle a Mantle down to tlieir 
 Knees, which they wr.ip uhoat tlmn, and is ge- 
 nerally black. Ill Siuniner they wear two wiiite 
 Shirts. The Titrkijh Men of Quality are more 
 decently rlad in Silk, or fine Cloth, their Tur- 
 bants arecuriou?, aiid Boots on tlieir legs. The 
 VV'om-iis Apparel dilfers not much in M.ike fr(.)m 
 the ,\kiis , hut tlicir Garments are more gay 
 and light, tlicir Smocks reaching du'.vn to then- 
 Heels-, their Hair ty'd behind ^ and t!iey we.tr 
 Collars, Bracelets, Rings, Pendants, and (iaps 
 on their Heads -, and -,vhen they go asroad they 
 have a I incn Clotli over tlieir Faces , which 
 they make lall under their Chins, and wrap an 
 upper Kobe about tliem, io that they are not 
 to be known oiherwile than b^ tlie Slaves that 
 attrnd I'lein. 
 
 The ancient Alisrines fpoke the rharnki.v: ruid 
 L.itit: under the^"/H.«;t, but xhe Ar.ibs intro- 
 duc'd their Language, and fincethe links theirs. 
 Tlic Native Moon ip.ak the old Language of the 
 Country -, but the Chrilliaiis here and ihrongh- 
 out the Lcv.ini talk U>:^:u Fiam.i, wllich is a 
 corruption of Sp.Doji , ltiUi,i>/ imd trcuih. 
 
 The Coin here Us'd is moil foreign, ,\<,TiiikiJh 
 SidtMUiis oi Gold, worth .1 Ducat:, ALruMcs of 
 /■■<■-, worth two Shillings , >p.//..y,'; R^als, Da.'ih 
 Crowns, and Unug.ii i.iti Ducats, i he Money 
 Cuin'd litre, IS Jiiirb.is, worth half an yipit-^ .-If. 
 /;(f.(, a liiiai'l Iquare piece of Silver, 15 of them 
 iii.ikinga SpMuJh Ry.il-, a Vuhl l., worth above 
 a Crown. At /lf//;(ct// they com pieces of Gold 
 c.dl'd Hiibios, wortii ^^yilptd-^ AUUi.nUjWoith 
 %o -, and y.i.iiis worth lob. 
 
 So;ne reckon the Kevenucsof y//i;(f/ at 400000, 
 other; at 4SCCC0 , others at Ocoooo l^u- 
 fats, all which goes into the fl./;/i's I'ocket, the 
 Grand Signioi- receiving notiiiugtjicnce buiioiiie 
 Voung Iio)S, and other I'rcltntsof linall \ alue. 
 
 The Province of Biigia 
 
 Lics upon the Co.ifl: of the Mc,:.:cn;i)if.w , 
 bearing the N.une of its Capital, and is Mall of 
 Al^icr^ having been formerly a Kiiu'.d'Mii, ihetch- 
 ing 50 Miles Southward over the Mountains to 
 A'lM.idia, being the Lallern Part of the ancient 
 Mir)ii,iiuj di.i, ici^Jis^ bordering VVcftward on 
 y1l!\:ery Lallw.ird on <;(,,(. (, Soutliwar" on JliU- 
 dnlgcitd, and walb'd on the North by the Audi- 
 ta ,.i»i I''. 
 
 The Town of /l/n'J.i^ about whofe former Name 
 Authors vary, is feated near the y1/(«jf(v, >•.(/;(.»;, 
 on the fide ol a Hill, 17 Miles Eart ot Ahir.The 
 Koiivis were the l-ound.rs of it. 'Ihe Walls 
 arclirong, the Streets handfome, and there are 
 in it many Mulques, Colleges, Moiialunes, pub- 
 
 lirk Inn? , HofpitaN, a ^'.od Mniket p'..!>:c, :» n.« 
 bleCit.idel, the Walls whereof ;4re all full „| 
 I etterk made in the I'l.ilter, or cut in \\ ..id iu 
 curioiilly, that this Ornament is thonglu toh.ivt; 
 nill as much as the lort. Adicilc or ^Mchlc i> 1 
 Town on the Kniiitiers next Nrmidta. Steh^h\ 
 Al.trinol call'd Tcuiz.1^ and by Ptulemy, An! 1, 
 IS 15 Miles South of /iir j.i, in a plealant \':i||fY' 
 the Walls of it of Stones of a wondeifiil lariic- 
 iiefs. Aff <.•/.'; , formerlv ^''i!.i, is one ot tlie 
 pleaiantell Towns in Ilirh.vy^ towards the Kroii- 
 tiersof A''/(w«(/.« waird,the Houfes but one Stoi y 
 liigh, witii Gardeiu to them all. 
 
 The Soil is poor and bears but little Wlica'-, 
 but good Kruir. The Mountain IVople are bold' 
 courteous, and much given to Railerv,,iiid the-/ 
 haveaCrofs painted on their Hands and '"Ik-ek<; 
 ever fince the (/uf/i.i were Maftcrs of that dn-m- 
 try. Their Wealtli confills in I nut, dttel. 
 Hempen and Tlaxen Clotli. The Money they ule 
 is made of pieces ot Iron weighing !i.ilf a Pound, 
 ;'.ud bits of Silver of tour Grams. 
 
 Tlic Province of Gigeri 
 
 Takes its Name from ;>n open Town and .» d 
 file that coiTiinands all the Country. Ihal 
 Town is near the Sea between Akkr and Bii^i.i^ 
 and contains :.co Houfes. Near it on the top nf a 
 Hill llands an old CalUe , almoll: niactellible. 
 1 his Province reac'ies to the I'rontiers of X.m.i- 
 di.i, and Ims within its compals Mount Am.r^^ 
 wiiuh runs j6 Miles from North to South. r,o- 
 lopiits nuntioiis this Miaintani by the Name of 
 Anrin.1,1, and places it ten Miles from (.of/j.-sf. 
 1 lie Land lure is poor, bearing only Bar!y,Hai, 
 and Hemp. 
 
 Tlie Province of Conlbntin-i, 
 
 So call'd from its Capital, lics up in the .l/ir,/.- 
 ttnwitui bordering upon i'mif. Fl-.e City of 
 this Name, formerly call'd CWui A'.v".- J.m-, or C>-- 
 /.< ;'//i/;.;, was built by At a iH'.i, Kiii:', of \,imid^.i. 
 It is fc.ited on the South fide of a In.'.li ^l(^llllIain, 
 ei'compalled on all fides wiihllecp Koiks, ancl 
 fortified on the North with lii^h Walk u| black 
 l']uare Stones, wlmh n.ikes the acfei> very dif 
 ficult. Ihe llouk-s in it are about 1000, the 
 Streets handloine, and every Trade has itsfeiM- 
 rate Quarter. On the North fide is a Citadel, 
 and without the City many ancient Ruins, a 
 inong ^vhlch a Rim.m Trnmiphal Arch. The de- 
 Icent to the Kiverisby Steps cut in the Rocks, 
 /nd oppofite to the laid River a X'ault going 
 down 111 the fame manner, the Roof, Colnmib, 
 and Floor being all of a Piece. Tliree Stones 
 throw from the City is a hot Spring, and h lit- 
 tle further E.illwarda cold one, witli a .Marble 
 Struc'ture , adorn 'd with Statues. The People 
 fanfie this Structure was a College, and that the 
 Mafter and Scholars being wicked Men, were 
 converted into Statues. 
 
 The Territory of Cimjiinitiii.i yields thirty for 
 one, and the Mountains want for nothing. The 
 hot Spring abo»e-inenti<!ii'd breeds .ibundance of 
 Snails, which the lili , Wdinen take tor IVvils, 
 and believe the^ give tliem Fevers, and do other 
 Milchiets-, fi.r prevention whereof they kill a 
 white Pullet, and puttnig it into a Dilli, with 
 a Waxcandle, where loine At.ir.ihom^ or pre- 
 tended Religious Mull makes his Advantage*' of 
 It. 
 
 Th' 
 
 'ilf.tUh, 10 Mil 
 
'BJR'B A RY. 
 
 igt 
 
 . Tbe People on t!'C Moiintain9 ure warlike , 
 tut civil i/.'«l •, yet often fijiJitniR fur tlu'ir Wives, 
 who run from die Hill to anotlici when tliey 
 grow weary of iheir Husbands. They are able 
 to brin^ 4CXX)0 Men into the Field. 
 
 The Province of Bona 
 
 Is alfo Maritime, and fo rall'd fnnn Bona, the 
 rai»ita), formcrlv rJippo, famous for its Hifliop 
 S. yiiigii/hii, fcnilt h\ the Romans on fleep Rocks, 
 near the Aftdhtirane,w. The Town is very 
 liiull, and the Streets narrow. A quarter of a 
 lcat;iie from it are the Rtmis of a Monaftery 
 built bv S. jliigtifltUy and by it a curious Spring; 
 which the Moon ftill call by liis Name. On the 
 
 Eafl fide is a Fort, built by the King of T«»u, 
 ■where the Governour refidcs with 200 janifanes. 
 The Country is fruitti'l in Corn, (haded with 
 jujub Trees, the Fruit whereof the Natives dry 
 in Summer to feed on in Winter. There is al- 
 fo great plenty of Cattcl, and of all forts of 
 Fruit. Only a fmall part of the Mountains \i 
 inhabited, by reafon of thecontuiual Incurfions 
 and Rapine of the Arabs. Six Miles Eaft of Bona 
 is a Fort call'd, the Baftioii of trance., kept by 
 the t'niiih, who have there Ma&a/.nies of Corn 
 and other Commodities, Aparttrieiits for thofc 
 concern'd, a Chapel, a Burial-place , a Garden, 
 and an Hofpital, all kept by a Itroiig Garrifon. 
 
 m 
 
 CHAP. VI. 
 
 Of the Kingdom of Tunist 
 
 ''T^H I S KiiiEjdom formerly :ontain'd thePro- 
 I vii'CCsot ('oafliiiniiiA^ I'linis., Tripoli, and 
 •*- f.U'il;, and extended 120 Leagues alonj' 
 the /t/fW;fr»r.;«ci»,but has now loft tliem all, and 
 IS bounded on tlie Weft by the L<.iver O'n.iiiilbor- 
 htr, feparatin^ it from Confiannn.i •, on the Eaft 
 by tlie River C.ipcs, which parts it from Tri- 
 poli :, on tlieSoutli it joins to Niit/iidia, and on 
 the North is watcr'd by tlie Afcditerrunean. 
 
 Tlie principal Rivers are Guadilborbar., for- 
 merly call'ti T'ufc.ty which riles a little above the 
 Town of VrU'y and in its courfe to the Sea has lo 
 many Wiiidiiif,s, ihat thofe who Travel from Tu- 
 nis to Jioij.t are oI)li);'d to Ford it 25 feveral 
 tmics, there beiii^', neuhir Hrid^e nor Boat on 
 It. The Mouth of it is under 7 J^arcd, 7 Miles 
 fri'in Bugi.i. Miftidd. anciently Cif<d«j, feems 
 to he an Ann of (iHMiilborb.ir, which after wa- 
 tering the C')untry of Choros falls into the Sea 
 IK >r A/.irfj. Afticritda, or Magiurdecz . tor- 
 ircrly Baf^radi, where Atdins Ref^idin during 
 ilic firft Ciirtli.ig,ini.i>i U'ar found a Serpent 120 
 Foot long, has its Source in tlie Country of Ztb., 
 mils by 'Iih'i].i, and winds with the Sea near Ca- 
 idr.tid', 10 Miles lioin liwu. It fometimeso. 
 
 Tunis. 
 
 sTiiHts. 
 
 (loictta. 
 
 rCioictt. 
 
 SM.irj,. 
 
 ' 'oletta. jAibtl. 
 
 verflows to fucli a degree, that Travellers art 
 oblig'd to wait three or four Days to Ford it, 
 Tlie Caps or Capes., thought to be the Triton of 
 the Ancients, proceeds from a fandy Defart near 
 Mount A'j/j/jf, towards the South, and meets the 
 Sea at a Town of the fame Name •, from which the 
 Kay is fo call'd •, and by the Ancients Syr/c^Near 
 the Town of Elhamm.i, this River makes a Lake 
 call'd. The lepers lake, becauli: the Water of 
 it drank, cures fuch as are troubled with that 
 Difeafe. 
 
 This Kingdom has many fruitful Mountains and 
 N'alleys on the South, among which arc Zagaon, 
 C'ue/iet, Bcnitttren, and Nefujus :, the two lad fe- 
 vcn Miles from Zerbi and Aificin. Zagaon is fix 
 Miles South from Tunis j on the top and fides, 
 and at the bottom of it are the Ruins of many 
 Caftles built by the Romans, with Latin Infcri- 
 ptions cut on Marble Stones. Water was brought 
 from the i\w . Mountain in AquedufVs to Car- 
 thage. There are alfo Roman Remains on Mount 
 Oue/lei, which is three Learues from C.truan. 
 
 Thedivilionof this Kingdom is into eight Pro- 
 vinces, five of them Maritime, and three Inland, 
 which with their Ptnuipal Towns, ate as follows. 
 
 CamnuiYt, 
 irian.i. 
 
 Byfctta. \ B^jertH. 
 
 S I'orto tarina. 
 
 llie I'loviiice and City of Tuni». 
 
 lliis City was known to xhc (ireeks and ^»- 
 • ins by tlie fame Name ; and l-iiy places it 
 three Mi'.v~ from Carth.i/,Cy which Ibews they are 
 much dcmv'd who mnh.eTuui' ,wi\ Cartb.i^e the 
 litme. It is featcd near the po iit of tlic Oulph 
 
 Urbs and 
 Bcggia. 
 
 Suia. 
 
 /::rbi. 
 
 vihggia. 
 
 fHaui. 
 
 yZainmin, 
 
 ,Casbit. 
 
 i Mahomet a. 
 f Heradea. 
 C Monaflerio. 
 
 Africa. X Afri{a.,ox Mehedia. 
 
 of Goletta, two Miles fram the Medittrrtmean, \i 
 a League in compafs, and endos'd with a Wall 
 40 Cunits high. All tne Outworks about it 
 were deftroy'd by the Turks, The Gates were 
 «ive, the^reat Streets 18, befides abundance of 
 tmallcrols onc^«the Markets or Squares 16 •, %\\ 
 Molques, ;i*.~hriftian Chapels u the Suburbs,? 
 Odd Synagoguei^ 
 
 
 Pll 
 
i8ai 
 
 "B AR'B ARY. 
 
 \\ 
 
 1 
 
 ',*'! 
 
 n 
 
 k 
 
 Sviianiie'.iic<!, 24 Hermitages, t^o Baths , 86 
 Sfliiiols 9 Ci)lU(^cs, 64 Hofpitals, and ?ooW(xj1- 
 Um) aiitl Lincii-Drapcis ■■, but \wA\ oi tlitfe Stiu- 
 flitres liavc been (icilrov'il. Tlicrc are mnv 9 I'cr- 
 foiisto (liUt up tlic Slaves-, the Baffa's Palace is 
 a iKiMe Struauic, the < itaclcl Id ftroiiji, ami 
 by It a Molquc, on whic!) there was a Tower, 
 reckuu'd tlie next in all Jftlck to that of /-'fi. 
 The other Stnidtitres lh!l remaining, are a Court 
 ^vith Ca/ernes about it tor tlie 7<wii.ir/f/, an 
 Fxcliani;e for the Mcrrhants, a CAillomHoufe, 
 the >'/(; i's and Cid M.iUmct's I'alace , and for t!ie 
 number of lloules it is inferior to few Cities 
 ill I' mope, but they are fnaU, and only one 
 Story hi;i!i. There were lormcrl\ three Suburbs, 
 at prelcnt but two. The Tombs i.i( the I'lirh 
 are aborf tlie City, adorn'd with Marble and 
 curious H :(ls of (-lowers about them. With- 
 in theCiiy there are neither Wells nor Springs, 
 Imt only great (^irterns, in which they lave tlie 
 Rain Water, and of late Years an Aquediirt was 
 uiadebv a K.illa to bring i'ouic Water. 
 
 The Soil of the Kin)jdoiiiof 'rums i^ generally 
 fruitful towards the Welt, wliiih iswater'dby 
 ievcral R;vers •, but very poor liaitward, tor 
 wantof Water ', towards the South it i^all Hills 
 and \allcys, yielding good l-ruit. About the 
 City the Land is fodry, that it mull be water'd, 
 which, witli tlie Incurlions of the A'ubs, makes 
 C rii very dear •, yet there are many good (Jrar- 
 tlens near the W alls, and luili \\ cuds of Olive- 
 Trees fir .1 1 uiguc about, that they have Oil to 
 fi-nd abroad, and thcv make Charcoal of Olive- 
 Vi,.:d, having no other. _ On the Mountains 
 there arc great numbers of wild Heatls. 
 
 TheC^ity is inhabited by aIuds, lhks,Jeivi, 
 anil Chi iltiaii 'iIuvcj of all Nations, taken by the 
 I'irates. There is alii) a fort of Scoundrels, look'd 
 upon as Saints, who go bare-headed, and wiih- 
 out Sliooes or Stockings, and are inaintaui'd by 
 tlie publick. The Scholars, Handicrafts and Tra- 
 ders arc decently clad, wearing ////<■;//> Turbants, 
 wliich the Courtiers and Soldiers do not. The 
 VV'oinen are neat according to their Qiiali- 
 t\, and go abroad N'eil'd, Iptiiding miuh Mo- 
 ney on Iwcet Scents. Tlie comuion People Iced 
 iinuh on a tort of Compofitioii they call Ji-Ju, 
 made of Water, Barley Meal, Oil,and Juice of 
 i imoiis, whic'i they eat raw. 1 liey alio cat Meat, 
 cfpecially Lamb. Tliey have another Mixture 
 they call L.tju, an Ounce whereof makes tliem 
 extraordinary merry, aiul creates an Appetite j 
 btlldes other Inventions to provoke Lult The 
 I\Mple ill Mount Z.y.ww live in Tents upon t!ie 
 i'ruiit of tlicir Homy, thole towards the South 
 have tlie lame 1 iabitations, removing from Place 
 to Place to graze their Cattel. 
 
 The /Vj/Ji/ s Revenue is reckon 'd worth zccooo 
 l'>ucals a Year. The greatetl Trade here is Oil, 
 Olives Soap, Oftrich i-eathers, and Horfes. The 
 A'oAiJ/j Kings of Ihi/ii coin'd bnliaiilns ol 24_Ca- 
 racts Weii^ht :, there are alio tquarc pieces of Sil- 
 ver which ti.ev call A'ojoras, as alio Jj^crs, Dvii- 
 i'lf.t, and Hiiib.u, of thelaineNaluc as at yi/i^ii''. 
 As to Government, the y-if.,who is fupreme, is 
 tholeii by ilie Ihvim. The Di^.m is a Coun- 
 cil cotnpos'd of the yii\'i of the 'jn/iij.nics, one 
 fin J, L2. (Jdiibuhis , 2^ Hold: iiih.nhiiy two Se- 
 cretaries, and 4 Chi.iiis, who decide all Alfairs 
 with the ciMifeiic of the ihy \\\r. Cadis are 
 judges in matters of linall <^)iilei|nciice. 
 
 After the Ahkomtiimi had made themfelyes 
 
 Mailers of B.irb.iry, one Ibrah./?! crefted the 
 Kingdom of T/w/V, wlu)l'e Succelll'rs held it till 
 y1bcl.ll Mnrir.en King of Afvroao liirpiiiniVcJ 
 thein, and plac'da (joveriiour over tlic KuuvJ.nn. 
 Thus it continued for fomc Cicnerations, till one 
 ylby.ih.ifi, or ylbiilhr^, wlv) was (jovcrnour 
 revolted, and fubduing the Kingdom of /uvw- 
 ie?i, Ihrd himfelf Er.iperour of Aj'rick nhointhi 
 Y'ear i;io. From that time the Kingdom d;- 
 Icended in the fame Line, tho' with many Ue- 
 volutions, tilLl////(i' /-//Tftdeftroy'd all tliel'ov- 
 ' at Family, except his brother Ji:k ir, who H^■c] 
 and iir.ploriiu' the Allillanceof the famous Pirate 
 B.irb.»ollt, that fall'e Infidel, infte.idof rcibiriii.> 
 him, enthidird himfelf under the Protciliimol" 
 iheO'ra/.'it S'^nio: AfiiUy yllhz. liad recourle to 
 the Emnerourt"/j.o/f.f tlie 5th, who reOor'd liim- 
 yet he held it not King, being defeated, and his 
 Eyes put out by Iiisown Son •, and not loi^ alter 
 A/iiilj Hih, or (Jihi.ili, anotlier famous Pirate 
 con(iuer"d tlie Kingdom agliii for tlie Turks' 
 who kept it till llui >^«of^/.vy/W,/ drove them 
 thence in 157c, but in 1574 it fell ugiiu uito 
 the Hands ot the Infidels, and lus fo continued 
 ever lliice. 
 
 The Province of Goletta 
 
 Adjoins to the Lake of the {iime Name ; it is 
 fiippoled to be the lllaiid 6' (/.///;.(, or (i.ilnh.i o( 
 I'toleiiiy^uY theO'W'jwof Pliny -^ but others fay 
 th.e Fort w.is fo call'd from tlie Jt.ili.i.-i iiolen.i 
 or little Neck, becauie it is feated on a rilin i 
 (jrouiid at the Mouth of the Hay, or I ake. The 
 At.ihoimtmis laid the Loundations, the Empc- 
 rour Curies the ^th tiiiilli'd it, and the W'.rlcs lincc 
 they were Mailers of it have added limie Out- 
 works, and many other StruiUircs, to that it is 
 now more like a Town than a fort. 
 
 The other Towns here are Kcbd or N.thn, a 
 fmall Place built by the Ronuvis, which PtMmy 
 calls Wipoli,, and the Ji.ili.://s to this Day A'.i- 
 P'jIiJc H.iibMi.i, feated on the Oce.ui, 3 Lca:;iies 
 Eart of 7 /<«;'■. r,j«;,;;.ji r, near the Iviwrs of old 
 Ciirtjj.i.r, waird, and populous. A,i.m.i , not 
 far from T/.v.m, built by the </oW .', and lb call'd 
 from their I lerctick Patriarch Wr/.'/r. ylnaie:., 
 formerly a Rom.w Colony, rebuilt by the Kings 
 of-/,7/;;.-. A/,iyJ.i iu A,, ibiik ligiiifying a Port, 
 Hands wliere the ancient Port ol Cirthj^c was, 
 where there is a curious Palace, and feveral Ilmi- 
 fes of Pleafure to which the li.tlj.is go to divert 
 theml'elves \ 8co Houfes, one Mofque and a Col- 
 lege. Near tliis Imall Town ftcK)d the ancient 
 rciiown'd City of C-<>-</j.((;c, whicli contended 
 with Rome fir the Empire of tlie World, and 
 after three blo<jdy Wars, fell under tlie for- 
 tune of that riling City, and was redia'd to 
 Allies. Here is Hill to be feen an Aciueduct 
 which carry 'd Water to all parts of the Cit\i this 
 is Handing, all the relt are a heap of Kmns. 
 
 The Air of this Country is reckon'd wlioleliinie, 
 being cool d by the Sea, and the Land fur the 
 moil part producing excellent Iruit, Corn, and 
 Sugar. 
 
 The Province of Byferta. 
 
 Bxferta atprefentis but a finall N'illagf, near 
 the Afeditcrra-iiCDi, which luuie will have to be 
 Vtu.i -, but Altriiiol and o'hers r.ither Inppoie 
 VticA llood where now is Poi to l.irDta, or f;'.;/ 
 
S j^RBjfKr. 
 
 185 
 
 rl MJii, A'i the Btrtbcrcs call it, and the T«r(-.t 
 fii, :!■:'!, i'i;',tiifvinft the Son <if tiii: I akc, beciuifo 
 tlic SiM coipiiii', ill till re, forms a Hav._ Tins 
 X(,\\ii coiiiains 6000 HouTl's, z lari',e l^rifoiis, a 
 \Utt4;''i"^'i •""■' twoTowtTs tluit dclaicl tlic Har- 
 bour, imd luis ci;;l)t Villaj^i's abniit it. Tlio'tliis 
 Ur'.le I'li'Viiici.- Uesaloii;; iIk' (-'oaft, it lias iu> 
 w.iMtof 111 In Water, and alMiiidaiiti: ofcxrelljiit 
 Villi is taken iu the 1 ake or Ha\ •, y^'t the Land 
 i,ields little, nut that it is harnii, biubecaiile 
 jH is delliDy'd b\ the Ai-^bs. The Men here 
 are ill Apparell'd , as ( tily \vra;i;iin;i thein- 
 I'vlvcs up m a pieie of toiuie \\'o<j|len, with a 
 hit of Linen about tiieir Neck-, Turlaitrs 011 
 ilieir Heads, and without Sliooes or Stockinj^s. 
 Tiieir daintielV tare is ("akfs liak'd \vith Ei;i;s 
 in them, wliuh tliev keen tl'e Year about. The 
 wmiron Ibrt lie upi-n Sheep^kms i ilie better lort 
 Ivive I'-ed; ir.ade fill aUn'i', tlie Wall, about lite 
 lieii;lith of a Mm, to v.hicb thev i;o up witli 
 ladders. Wiun they ^;i to War, tiiey wear 
 liiperflitious Ciiarms about i!n:ir Kecks, whlcli 
 ili.'y faiifie will llctire tlie:n atiaisUl Danger. 
 
 Fif.s vk\ Olivfs, and has Rood I'aflnre land. 
 The Inhabitantsof fhc Towns area uviktraduii;, 
 I'eople. 
 
 The Province of Mei-.cdia, or Africa. 
 
 The Town the Europe ms (M ^-ifnci, fuppos'd 
 to be tile ylpli>o/li/iiim uf PtoU/ny, i^ by tl;e Na- 
 tives nam'd A/elicdia. I'eatcd on a Neck t)f Land, 
 wafli'doiiboihlides by tlw Afcliiny.wcvi \ for- 
 til\'d witli (;o(.d Walls, Ditilies and Towers 
 next the Land, and by banlisof Sand to the Sea. 
 The I'ort i> ipacions, but tlie entrance to it 
 extremely narrow. The date on tlie Luid-fidc 
 is very llronn, and witliout it an arch'd Way 
 70 Foot li.iii^, (o dark, that it is a Terror to all 
 Strangers. 
 
 Tlie Province of Cairoan 
 
 rontanis the Town of the fame Name, and thofe 
 of Tohulb.i and Asjachm^ Tlie fird of them is 7 
 Miles from the Sea and 20 from Tww, built by 
 Ofv/t.;, General to Odmar^ Af.ihoinet's SuccefTor, 
 in tlie Year 652, and defended with Brick Walls. 
 He tiiere built a (lately Mofque, fupported by 
 Giveri'.nients contain the Marble Statues, among which, two are of an in 
 
 Tlie Provinces of LIrbs and Ccg'^ia. 
 
 Thcfe two fma'.l 
 
 Towns uiVrbs, lirjrj.i, ll.iin Z.iminin^ a id C.ij 
 iv(, with lome Lirf;e Plains. 1Jrb> was a Rumm 
 CoUmy, call'd T//' >/W/x, about ;c Leagues South 
 of 'fiiHii^ where tliere are ItiU Remains of Aiiti- 
 (jiiity, as Marble Statues, and Lmiu Infcripti- 
 011s. liefieut is anotlier Ruin.m Foundation, ten 
 Leagues from Tn/jis, and but tlirec from the Sea, 
 molt of tiie Walls yet llanding. C.iski , a A'o- 
 KM-'i Colony alio, i^ now Defart. H.ii/i Zammi'i 
 was built by the Kings of Tuiils^ fcven Miles 
 from Ji'ti'ii't. All tiic Plains about tlieni abound 
 iti Cirn. The Inhabitants of Z^'ibs are rude, be- 
 ing all Peai'ants -, thofe of iiig^i.i&rc more polite. 
 
 The Province of Sufa, or Soufa. 
 
 The Towns here are, firft Sufi, formerly con- 
 fidcnble and tlioui'Jit to be Adrmnetum, now 
 inucii decav'd, but has a Port, wiiere tiic Pi- 
 rates of liiiiti ride at Aiulwr. 3. H.imma/neth, 
 or A/.iho//:(t.:, built by tlie At.ihoh-.et.iiis, on the 
 Coail, 17 .Viilesfioai Turns. ■,. Aloiuftcrio, ;\.Ro- 
 m.m Colony, lo called from a Monaftery of 
 Augujliiii.ms whitli was near it, his higli and 
 llroiig Walls. The Country produces Barley, 
 
 ftiinable\'alue, beingof a bright fparkling Red, 
 full of curious white Spots, lilie Porphyry. All 
 the Country about it is a fandy barren Defart, 
 without any Water , fo tliat all the Provifions arc 
 brougiit by Sea, from other Maritime Towns. Te- 
 biilb.i and Aijadms Iiave nothing remarkable. In 
 the Territory of thefc two laft, there are abun- 
 danceof Olive and otherTrees. That which makes 
 Cilio.m famous is, its being tlie Seat of A{uhomet\ 
 \'icar \ for wliich lleafon all Arabs think it fo Ho- 
 ly, tiiat thof;' who are bury'd in it can not be 
 Damii'd, aspatfakingof the Prayers of that\'i- 
 car and his Prielts ;. and Great Men, to (hew their 
 RcfpecT, take off tl;eir Stockins when they enter 
 the Place. They alfo liuild feveral Chapels there 
 and appoint them Revenues, for which they ex- 
 'left to go ftraight to Heaven. 
 
 • : Miles from Aiafcurez., m this Kingdom, is 
 it., llland of Tiibirca, about 500 Paces from the 
 Continent, poflefs'd by I'lench Merchants, who 
 have built a Fnt on it, and keep a Garrilbn of 
 200 Men to 'ecure tiieir Trade and the Coral 
 Filliery. Oppofite to Taharc.i is another Ifland, 
 call'd Galata, m which there is nothing remark- 
 able. 
 
 
 )■.'■ 
 
 ir p 
 
 'Vil 
 
 iM 
 
 ti.»'f 1 
 
 ,^m'^ 
 
 CHAP. VII. 
 
 Of the Kingdom of TRIPOLI, whereof BARCA is a Dependance 
 
 T 
 
 and from xht Medltmanean on the North, to the 
 Country of the Blacks on the South. Leaving all 
 
 "the Pro- 
 
 H I S Kin2,dom, fo nain'd from its Capital, 
 
 is now govern'd by a BiiQay andcompre- v..ouruivoi luc ^ll.ll^» on mt joum. i-nvmi 
 
 hendsthe Provinces of Tripoli, properly otiier Particulars to be fpokcnof under the I 
 
 l.itii, Aftfrata, or Cyrenaica vinccs , the Towns of Note in each of them 
 
 ... I-...* .11 in 1.. 1*.". n.......... •i..,r. 
 
 fu-aird, iff;i/',.i.'aT//.i..., ...-,.„._, _ , 
 
 siid^.'x.', befuies foiiie fmall Iflands. Its Extent thefe. 
 hl\ and U'elt is from the Ifland Zerbi to Egypt, 
 
 are 
 
 Odd z 
 
 "fripoli 
 
iS^- 
 
 "B A R'B A RT. 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 Tripoli properly 
 fo caied. 
 
 ..Old and New Tripoli. 
 
 L Gibez.. 
 
 ) Af:ichres. 
 
 k Elhamma. 
 
 f Z.iorii. 
 
 ^Cifirnacar. 
 
 RM-Axiirra. 
 
 EITab. 
 
 Mcccliata. 
 
 fR*i-Axiirr 
 
 \ltffuttt. 
 
 </ijJjmi]M. 
 
 Jl^pidj. 
 
 ^Brjla. 
 
 t Mcrellitta. 
 JUnl. 
 ICtdic. 
 ^ IjiJrMt.l. 
 
 file Province of TRIPOLI, properly fo calltl, 
 
 On the Wcfl is parted from the Kinftdoin of 
 Twih, bv the Riviv Cripcs \ Eallward it borders 
 on Meceltita •, on tlic North it h.is the Mciiitcrr.i- 
 Venn and otitheS<nith Mount f/./n.^w. 
 
 The City Tripoli, which giveb ics Name to the 
 Kingdom, is fiirall'd from thofe p.reat Rocks, U- 
 inu at the Mouth of its Harbour , level witli the 
 Water, and was firft Subject to the Rom.ins, then 
 to the kmsfi of Aforocco, of Fet, and t)f Tmiu ■, 
 then th: (iemtles made themlelves Maftersof it, 
 and were cxpell'd by the Spimim-ds. B.irbaruffi 
 tfx>k It next , and after him the Kmperor Charlis 
 the ^th, who jave it to the Knights of Af.iltn, who 
 kept it till iSSi, when Siwtm and /Jr.v«f,the T/c - 
 #///; Admirals, ftain'd it from them •, fince which 
 Time it has l^en a fort of Commonwealth like 
 Tunis and Alc,iir , under the Proteftion of the 
 'Vnrk. The old City was deftroy'd by Omar the 
 Second Af^omttan Caliph, and is now little inlia- 
 bitcd. The New one call'd Tripoli in B.iyb.try, to 
 Hiibns^uilh it from the other in Syria, is feated not 
 f.ir kon\ the 01d,on a Sandy Ground, is not lari^e, 
 but wry populous, enclos'd with R<M)d Wall-, 
 Titwcrsand Ramparts, without a Ditch, and only 
 two ( ! ites ■, one on the Soutli towards the land, 
 and the other towards tlie North, ix-xt tlie Se.i. 
 It hasnnCitadt'l,but on)y two forts on the North 
 and South tides before the I^>rt, which is fpac ious 
 and good. The Chriftian Slaves being but few, 
 iiere is only one PriOm to keep tliem in. 
 
 Cilirz.,(:.ip<-,ov C.ipci, the Tac.ipc of the Ancions. 
 (lundsoua Bay of the lame Name, is wall'd anci 
 defended by a Fort. Af.icbres or M.ihar.t is an 
 open Town at the Mouth of Ctpe^ Bay, but has a 
 CitatUl. iJhiiinii:.! was built by the Romnns, 3 
 Miks from Cabe^, wall'd and lias (lill f.atirt In- 
 )i riptions on tlie Gates. Zjor.!, thou^lit to be 
 I lie Port of Pifidnn, Jewry ancient. There is 
 another I'lacc on the lame Coall, call'd C.if.ir nadir, 
 thoiif^lit tn be tile former Oiil'tis. 
 
 Tv.'o noted Sands render the Accefs to Tripoli 
 difficult, tlie one oppofite to the Province of Fyd', 
 the other about the llland Qucr/imnfs. The Rivers 
 C.ijirv.rra-, R:tl',il/ntibes, and Mirro, once call'd 
 C(«<^f '/jetieiiding from Mount yiri.is, run through 
 this Province to the Sea. Near lUh.-.mm.t is .111 
 ovti'llive !:ot Spring, convey'd to th--Town by an 
 Aqiii'diict. Some of tlie liifiabit.iiits dniik of it, 
 ^vilcn It has flood a Day, but it i> veiv Sa'.plm- 
 reoiij. Ntarthe Spring is a Poo!, rall'd, tlic If 
 •»i') LAe, beciufe it Cures that Dilhmpev. 
 
 ' Alcudia. 
 
 '/..luarn. 
 Zadra. 
 
 Mezr.ta, or Cy- J ^.„,^„^_ 
 renaua. ^,^^,^_ 
 
 Boti-Andred, 
 I'olomete. 
 X'Troiara. 
 
 fTrahhiho. 
 
 IImco. 
 AUjulomar. 
 Barca, «r Marmarica. < Stlonrj. 
 
 IAlberion. 
 Liigurt. 
 \^R:irca. 
 
 Corn is always dear at TWpo//, by rearm of the 
 Rirrcnnefsof theSoil, which yields nothing but 
 Dates. The Inhabitants of that City are Mr- 
 chants and Weavers ^ thole of C.ibcz. poor Filher- 
 men and Husbandmeu',thofeof £/y;.t/MWj live upon 
 Rapine. 1 he fl.»/7.<'s Revenue amounts to iBcocd 
 Ducats a Year. The Pirates here do mucli harm. 
 Get)gfaphers conteft whetlicr the Illaiid Ctrbti, 
 or Zerhi, once call'd by tlie Arabs Gcz.ir.i, now 
 Alf.etbcns, and by the Sp.ini.irds delves, be the Uir- 
 ba, or t!ic F,i]imwiu, or tlie Zfr.i, or the (ilMcen 
 of the Ancients. It lies at the Mouth <f Cipc 
 Cibiz., is 4. Miles about, and has only fome lin.iH 
 N'illages on it, and is it) barren that all the Na- 
 tives fnduftry will Icarce make it bear anv Corn. 
 On the Coalt next to it grow ahuiid.iiice of I.otc 
 Trees, riie Fruit whereof is fo pleafant wlieii v\^i, 
 that xhi Creeks faid, it made Strangers tli.u eatol 
 it forget their Connlries^ whence the liilubitaiits 
 of this llland were call'd Lotoplui^itx. 
 
 The Province of F.fTib 
 
 Co'.iunciices on th^- WelHiev<Mid i]w Moinitr's 
 Chinii ,uid Be>iis,u.t'id^x\\{\ is termin.iiai b\ ;i \\<. 
 ver tli.it parts it from /l'/<'i>./(.(. We h.uv notinn;; 
 rciiiark«lile to add coiicernnig tlie Fi'vus it con 
 tains, ineiitioii'd in I'li: foiegouig Fall'.,'. .M.nint 
 (j'arioii, reikon'd in this Country is eMraorclin.iv 
 higli and C<ild,llanding North froiri Moant Ail.i^, 
 4 NlilesSouthof '7W/)tf//, and p.irted from tliofeot 
 heiiitcj'ren and Ncfafus by fuudry Delarts, yet 
 contains i?o Villages. BeiiigH.vid\m Brandi of 
 Mount Atlas, a Miles from Tripoli, and lias 1^0 
 Villages. All tiiis Country produces very Httle 
 Corn, but plenty of Dates, Olives and Safl'ran, 
 whicli ii Sold Atdr'tiul dairo, a tliird dearer tli.ui 
 anyotlKr lore. "Wk lUrcbcres inhabiting M niiit 
 (iarioti are Cowards, and fulTer t\K Arabs to iiv.ni- 
 pie on them ; hut shofe of Baiigu arid defend liu'm- 
 feUcs iiKinfully againfl tliofe Robbers. 
 
 Tlie I'rovince of Mccellata. 
 
 Was by the Ancients call'd Syncs, ;nid by the 
 prefcnt Arabs, Cfirat cl Qntvir, lying along t!;: 
 Mcditcrr :iiran . S M.les from /ivp ■/( Faftwart!- 
 The Cipit.-l of th? lame Name, was bv PtvUpn 
 nam'd Afac ■man or dalnviatiila. The other P: ' 
 ces arc iiuoiilulerabk'. The I and pr'^iices iVu'i'tv 
 of Dates aiid Olives, and the Inhahita'its wh>' Ca! 
 raife Oooo Men, are under the Conduit of a C'oin- 
 inauder, to defend themlelves fioii, ti.e Arab:, but 
 Subiev't to liir fnrk. 
 
 The 
 
7} AKBARl. 
 
 185 
 
 The Province of Mozr.ita, or Cyrenaica. 
 
 /T/4rwo/ fuppufes this to be the aticicut Cpc 
 viica, or Pentiipoli', wlmh was a Part of J.ihyj. 
 It Ijorders VVeftw.ird <y\\ McceUat.t^ Eaflwarcl on 
 H.nci, Nortl'.ward 011 the Aftditonwcm ^ and 
 viiithward <>M Libya. I'entapalts was but apart 
 ■if that Province, (b call'd from the fivp Fuwiis, 
 ('v>'f"fi Btrtmci^ or Heiperid, Apolionia, rioleiiiMi 
 SiwA Arfinotfttr Itmhi) a; now Coreno, /ieibii, or 
 Jicrnic, Bon-j4ndica,''i'vtonicluMM\Truciir.t. Nci 
 thcr thefe, nor the othi'v lowns arc worth the 
 Readers liif »rinauoii. The Pirates licre ravage 
 llie CoalU, and the Arabs the Inland ^ \et the 
 People of/l-Zftnif. J are Brave and indilFirciit weal- 
 thy, by their trading with y;«ropf<«/ Commodities 
 into the Country of the i^Iatb, wJKiue, m Kx- 
 chanftc, they brint; Slaves, Civet and Musk, which 
 yielcl themftood I'lofit w iitrky. 
 
 The Province, or Defart of IJarta or M irmorica. 
 
 Tins Name of /?.««•,/, feeins t'> be of ^reat An- 
 tifjuity, for f(>>?(V here places the /kmi.w/, and 
 I'tuUmy the B.irctcs^ and old Auiliois placing 
 
 tlieCity Birctt in C\,nia,ca, does not contradtd; 
 tins Notion, beiaiile that Provnice extended nito 
 / ''l/",aiid confcquently inckidcd Af.ir/mirun. Cie- 
 nerally all that Country u call'd Jianu, and the 
 yli-il'i name it Sohiin, or Ceynit H^rca, tlie Delurr, 
 or the Storiny Way ^ lor ni (hort, it ii> Itarce any 
 thnif. elfe biit a vaft Delart , reachin.', from the 
 Provnue of Meuiit.i and Cape Raxaltm to the 
 ('onlir.cs ')f/llex/tndn\t, 164 Miles ni Lenctli from 
 Ka(t to U ell, and }0 in Breadth from North to 
 South, \-„f Towns here they are inconfiderable 
 and defer ve no Delicription. Almoll all the Land 
 IS ("and V, (Kiorand waftc,\vith very little Water^ 
 (o that only fome fmall Spots near to \ illages yielcl 
 a little Corn and fome Dates, of which little they 
 Exchange fome with their Neiglibours for Sheep 
 and Camels, having no Foraae to breed them. 
 This extreme Poverty obliges tne Parents often to 
 (l 'id their Children iu to i'/n/y to Bet their living,. 
 llK' Men are generally lean and ill look'd, and 
 VV ant makes them rob on the High- Ways, which 
 obliges the Caravans to take a great Compafs tc 
 avoid them. When they take any Traveller, they 
 make him drink warm Milk, then Ihake him, with 
 Ills Head down , to fee if lie has fwallow d any 
 Ould. 
 
 CHAP. VIII. 
 The Hiftorical Account of B A R B A R Y. 
 
 TI I F, Hillory of the fcveral Kingdoms men- 
 tion'd is To interwoven, that we have 
 thought fit rather to give a (hort Abftraft 
 of it entire, than dirincmber'cl under every Part. 
 The moll rcceiv'd Opinion is, That Cfca/w, the Son 
 o(No.ih firft peopled F.^)ft, and his Race the rell 
 of Aftitk, hut particularly his Son Phut firll be- 
 gun ro inhab't the Eaftern Parts of Barbary, as is 
 t'eftify'd bv Jofrphiii and S. I'come^ who both tell 
 us t!ie Country was from him call'd Phut , and 
 Ftolony alio names the River VImt, or Phthmh in 
 the fame Region. Hence they fpread theinfelves 
 farther , and »t len^'th ..11 over that Part of the 
 World. However tliere is no doubt , bur that 
 they afterwards receiv'd frelli Colonies by Sea 
 out of Phwuiii/i, of the Race o(Ouiat>i, for 
 even in S. Ai'i'iJU'i's Days, as he informs us, 
 tlie Country People tnere call'd theinfelves 
 CM/:iMiiic: Belkles Pioiopim affirms. That there 
 were Marble Pillars near Inm^ier , with this 
 Infcription, IVe Jiyfrori the F.ue of the Robber 
 jolliiiah, »j';e/"'"'/Nun. This, beingof the fame 
 kxtraftion, might move l>/ia to Hy to thisCoaft 
 from her Brother PyK'n.ilIu!, and tliere build the 
 Fortrolsof Pyrji, afterw'ards the mighty City of 
 Ciit-.ac. Some will iuive tiiis Place to have been 
 founded long hcK-.re, and only the Callle added by 
 her', however it was, lor weliave not room to en- 
 ter upon that Controvcrly , the'.'e C.in.i.witei be- 
 ing a more I'olituk and VVarlike People than the 
 rude W/i;c.i//f, iiu!.! hiruigtlie Nii//jiiU:w Mtt] Af.iu- 
 niMiiiii Sokli.rs iubdu'd their Neighbours lirll, 
 and bv decree- exteided their CiJiuiuells from 
 the I- loiuievs "!.',,(;•.;!', to theMouthot theS//-i/i;;;fj- 
 .ilo'.-ig cl'.eiih.'rc. .-'.iiilniion knowing no Bounds, 
 the (./)■.'■; ig:h:.i>!! piils'd over into Sp.iin and Sicily, 
 tnakiiiti theimelvcs M. liters of the greatell part of 
 bothj till t'le Koiii.ius, v^ing with them for Em- 
 
 pirc,engag'd in the Quarrel,and after three bloody 
 Wars, t!ie fecond ot which had almoll brought 
 RvfueU) Dellruftion, took C«H/;.<^r and burnt it 
 down to the Ground. 
 
 The ^o;m<w' having thus fubvcrted Cirthage^And 
 brought all its Dominioiis under their Suhjertion, 
 relied not there, but extended their Command on 
 all Sides, reducing Nitmidi.t and its Kini" Jiigiir- 
 tlhi , whole Progenitors had long reign 'cl there, 
 and afterwards juba , Kwf,of Aii'iiritania , who 
 had efpous'd Pomney'i Party againfl Cx)m-. Thus 
 all this Coaft ut AfrUk, even to the AtLtmick 
 Ocean, and all up the Inland as far as the Defarts, 
 became a Part of that mighty Empire, and was 
 divided into the I'rovinces already mention'd in 
 the proper place. So it continu'd under fevera! 
 Emperors, till Chriftianity Honrilliing, this Coun- 
 try became as llluftriousas any other for learn- 
 ing and Piety, .as appears by tlie many Ornaments 
 the Church then receiv'd from it, as particularly 
 the great S. Ait^nfiiti, TotnlUjn, S. Cyprian, julms 
 Ajiicimits, Arnobiits, Lai t ami lis, l^ittoroms Afcr^ 
 Optatiis Alilivitamis , Victor Vticcnfu^ t'lilgoitmsj 
 Primafiits, and many others. 
 
 This was the Hourilbing Condition of Africk^ 
 or Barbary, when the Faiidah, a barbarous Nor ■ 
 thcrn Nation, having forc'd their Way through 
 hamc, enter'd Sp.iiu, with the Survuws .i;id Alauj^ 
 and being after 18 Vears I'olfellioii of the Sou 
 them Coaft of 5fir»,caird AndaliiLia, hard prefs'd 
 by the 6'o;/j; , upon the Ifivitation oi iiomfaciMt 
 the Emperour's Lieutenant in Ajnck, they pafs'd 
 over thither about the Year of Cljnft 4:7, under 
 their King CTf/z/t r/t/u, and fubdu'd the greater 
 Part of what the Romans iiad there polfcls^l. Thefe 
 l^diid.ils were then Arians, and I'pread their He- 
 rely as wide as ilieir Command, driving ihencc 
 all the OnliodosrChrilliauf, and holding the So- 
 
 vcreignf.' 
 
 1^*^^ 
 
 
 !S U 'Vltl 
 
iS($ 
 
 "B AKB Ali X 
 
 A k' 
 
 vei-fi^jntv of ,\1! tli.it Tiaft <if I and, under fivi-n 
 KiMi;s ruccfdivflv , nil tkc Yciir 5H1 when the 
 ri'iiowned llelijiiim, iltc I".iniHiiiur yHfiiniiin\{.K- 
 iKTiU, iivcrtlircw (Ulinttr the !all Kinn, and au;>in 
 biijiinlit all thar Hi'c.ion iindir tlie Rmnau Fm- 
 pirc, JitfiiulM tlitii iti.kIl' it a I'rcfii^tnrc "f it tilt', 
 wIii.Tfns bcfori' it liad bo'ii tiihji'ft to the I'lxjeciiii 
 Prxtorio of Italy . and tilis form ot ("loveruintnt 
 lafled, till 
 
 111 the Year 647, Oihuum tlic ^d Calipli oftlic 
 Sintmis, lent //.nhi, liis (ieiicral, with ami.'juv 
 Army J wh" \vrcl>cd all that inij'jitv l)iiinnii..ii 
 friim tlie Rnm.m I'.mpirc, and from tliat Tmu' it 
 remain'd a I'rovinreiif the M.iboi/ici.m yliibs. 1 lie 
 C.dipix^ iSK Mir:untiiiil'in's held tli.- S<)veieij;ntv 
 here till the Year 800, when / /.iniiii K.ijihi.l, loit 
 thitlicr Acliib Ibr.ibim, as (uiveinoiir, Init lie eie- 
 fK'd Iiinilllf ii Mouardiy , in tlie I'riwiiice pni' 
 perlv rall'd Jf/ick, and I'arts adjaa-nt, which lie 
 left to hi« I'oftcritv and they held ii, hv the ii;une 
 of ^kl-d'!tt! till 900, their Rule extcnduui from 
 f-'i.')/!/ to Timif. 
 
 Ah'uit tlie I'aire Time witli W.///', ahnvi'itien- 
 tion'J, tlie Fiit.fitrt, delrended thim I rhis, i>t 
 the Race of y^//, /1///r'/7.f/'8Son in 1 aw, erci'K'd 
 tlic!Plclvcb another Monarth'^ ,in tlkW ilUrn parts 
 of />/!•/' ')j, containing all Af.tiirit.u.i i.\\n\ Nmiii- 
 (tiii, whereth.it Pamilv rul'd f>r the I'pare of 100 
 Ye.irs, keeping their Court at /ii, T.iiigtcr, and 
 Cent. I, 
 
 W'lien the aforcT.iid twi) Races Iiad tluis divided 
 />./-/»..Ti amciu; them, tor above an hundred Years, 
 One yllh'it Afi'l'.i/,:wciiOici<lillih, lonk'd upon as 
 a iVopher, and prctcndini^ to defccnd \\>y.r\ F.itbe- 
 w;.>/i,,'1/.//ji;»cr'sl)aui;hter, haviiii; thus drawn the 
 Multitude to his Side-, firft expell'd the y/i;/.<<>/r« 
 tlie Province of ^Ipii 1, and loon after the EJrif 
 fttt! out of all tlk'ir IXiininlons, takiiiii the Title 
 of Akhedi , fi^nifviiij; Diredior of the Faitliful, 
 and left all thofe Countries to his Siiccefliirs, who 
 conqner'd f I'v/if, and beinj^ thus pofTel's'd of all 
 that lies between the A'fi^ .SV.j and Atiimtuk Ocean, 
 flil'd tlicmlelvis Caliplis. Of thefe there were \a, 
 wild reij.ii'd till the Year 1165, .uid were call'd 
 f.itho/.ites. 
 
 AdI'cd, the lafl of thefe, heinj^ hard prefs'd by 
 the Chriliians, ciav'd Aid of Nom-ed/iin, Sultan 
 of lli/,dut^ wIk) feiit S.tladin witli a mighty Annv, 
 and he Iiavint; (Jebver'd the Country from the 
 F)imcs, took I'oni-Aion of it for his own Prince, 
 after whole Death he alTiim'd the Sovereiantv, and 
 became one of the moll formidable of tliole Al.i- 
 homit.^n Sovereii.\ns. 
 
 However SMdiii extended not his Kingdom far 
 mUi Atrick^ t'or before his Rife the yUmoruvides, 
 vvho at lirlt only pretended to Religion, beiiij; by 
 tlieir H\pocrily grown formidable, had began to 
 acqmie Uominioii, and about the Year 1076, when 
 Jvlcplj lienT.iiJejin, one of that Race extended Iiis 
 CoiKpierts to the Ocean and AU'ditnTtttic.in, and 
 built tlie City of Morocco \, after which paflint; 
 over into Sp^iDi-, he liibda'd all the Aloors there. 
 Yet theSuccellion continu'd in his Pollefity only 
 fill the Year ii?6, when At.ibomet Abd,ilmonmtn 
 another canting I'ropiiet, having deluded the Mul- 
 
 titude, overthrew and evp.-ll'd th;^ Uacj ofi' 
 A'lHDidvuki , and r.iisV.I liis ovvn Fitmily to t!i-. 
 Thid'u-, which poJIelVd it f^lltheYe\r \i</, 
 
 Ihjii Kuc.tr AbfiiAfi ut lindinf; thit reii'.niiiii 
 I- I'tnK uuuli weakiifd, I)y tlie lot's of a mijjhti; 
 H.iitel ill .V.'/>/, revolted, and bcarini'', down a',1 
 that opposVt him, fettled tlie Seat of his Kinpire.ii 
 /'ft, appi.nitin;; a Vicer.w to i^overn at /l/oiJti*. 
 llis Siurelliiis enj.iy J tlie Sovereii;iitv of tin; 
 greater I'ait of ////«•<•, by the Name of Mcnur:. 
 Albo.'ifcn ifie Sth ot ilum, hcinf, routed with .1 
 I'.reat Slamijiter in >'/'«/", in the \ ear 1 540, wa^, 
 at his return iiiti) /f/'-.d, depos'd bvhisownSvn 
 Albf>,"u/i, who fujvjv'd not loiij^ a Crown (L) un- 
 diitilulU wrelled from his futlier, the F.alleni 
 I'artsof /,'.(W'.(/> revolting from him, ,>nd the /V- 
 tii,\iicjcs takiii'.iTiany places in the Well. Tliiis the 
 Monarchy hem;; weakned on all Sides went on 
 in a declining; Condition, till about the Yeari5.'8, 
 uiie A/.il.'ura lln/ //ii/;;((,a frelli Hypocrite, pre- 
 tending to be delcendL-d iromAf.ihomct, I'eiit his 
 Sons in I'lU^ninaiie to A/cici, which f',ai"'d ihein 
 fiiih uii^^Iuy Reputation, that A/.ibo/>ici, ihcn Kni;', 
 ol /ri, made H imtt the Flder, Ciovernour of the 
 College.it Am.idorMb^mA A/.ibometthe Youiu',er, 
 Tutor to his Children. Not long after, thefe two 
 obtaiii'd the Command of an Army aiiainft tlie 
 Porttijiiicfcs ^ whom they routed and took many 
 Places (torn them. Next tliey fubdu'd tlie i'ro- 
 vincesof Dncal.i, .W::, and Hra, then took Afo- 
 jcKo, and A/.(;;.f/ afTuurd tlie Title of King of it, 
 as Aiiibomit did of &<*i. The King of Fci. now 
 dying, Hornet refus'd to Acknowledge his Suc- 
 celTor, and was liimfelftxm after vanquilliM and 
 expeird his Kingdom by his own younger Brother 
 AUhomct. lie after this Succefs overthrew the 
 King of i'f c , and left all tlvife Dominion. t>) hii 
 
 l-'ollerity, wliofiiU reign t!i 
 
 Hut it umil be 
 
 obllrv'd that thofe 11 "aims, t!i.>' j;,reat in their- 
 fclvcs, are only a fiiiall Part of what theCaliplia 
 there poileisV!. 
 
 We have alieady feeii how Aigicr fjparated it 
 felf from the Domiiiii 1 '^t iho.e mi;;'itv Princes, 
 and of an inconfiUerab'u' I imh ot their Ivnpire, is 
 become a Potuit State, '..ibliliiugpiiiuip.illy upon 
 I'lracy •, yet I ib) tt ti> the Furk, or whom ithas 
 .Hiiablokite liepeKlaiue , laving lliat, it has i!ie 
 Power ot Peace and War, the 1 < nn of ("lovern- 
 ineiit being Republican \, but the lurkijli iiad'a re- 
 fuling there , railes a very great Revenue, and 
 lias no linall share in the Government. Tmiif and 
 TripoL have follow 'd the fame Example, being hotli 
 a Sort of Commonwealths, with the fame Subor- 
 dination to the O'riind Seig,nior. So that it appears, 
 all this vail Trail of Liiid call'd Btirb.-iiy, is now 
 divided between that Sultan and the Einperour 
 of Fez. and A/orocco, excepting only thole few 
 Towns the Sp.iriiards and the Portiiji^urfes ftill keep 
 along the C^iall. The latter have now notliing 
 left but Afi^Lii^an upon the AtLimick Ocean \ the 
 lormer flill hold ALu/ilijjiivir-y AMilla and Pc.non 
 withm the AhditerrancMi ., and Cciita upon tlie 
 Moiivli of the StrcigbtSy and thus mudi may fuf- 
 fue for Harkar): 
 
 CHAP 
 
187 
 
 CHAP. IX. 
 Of EGYPT. 
 
 THIS is the Fruitfiillert, the Richcft, the 
 mod odpHtoiis and nublcll Kingdom in 
 Atrnk. It \vc may ^ivc a\\\ Credit to 
 amicnt llifti)rian?.,here wire reckon d in the da', s 
 ui Amafis, who rci(;n'd about the lime ot" AV/'w- 
 ffc.i«/«*«.o/c 20000 Towns bnt the exreliive Num- 
 ber f^ives ih U.ealon to believe, th.it the ftrc.uer 
 i'art muft have been i'mall \ i!lai;es ^ however of 
 later Times here are laid to have been 2000 wali'd 
 Towns. The Ancients call'd this Country, the 
 (;ranaryol" tlie World, and it is certain that tlie 
 Plenty or Scarcity of tfie Roiiian Empire depend- 
 ed on tlie good or bad Harvell ot t.f!.ypt \ and 
 bcinjitliui conridirable in all Kcfpefts it will de- 
 ftrve a m(>re ample Defcription than any other 
 Part of Africk. 
 
 As l^> the Name of /'o'/'^ Str/iho and Diodorm 
 Sicitliu will have it to be l<) call tl from ^y'tlcyptii', 
 the Brotlier of D.m.ius^ wlu> reij^n'd thtie 68 
 Years •, yet oihevs derive it from Ai,nuphtii!y fig- 
 tiifyinj; tlie Land of CV./'^■/; , which was once its 
 Capital C;ity. This is the Uft Name, which has 
 prevail'd, for it had I'evcral others before. Berojiis 
 rails it Ore"; .' i Xcnophon^ Oj:,\giii -^ Hcrodotiit, 
 Piit.imiies-, l.uti.ui Afeliihbtilos\ Hunicr Hcjtfti,i\ 
 the llolv Scripture Alifr.iin:, fromCV;,»/«'sGrand- 
 (1)11 of that Name •, the Ar.ibs Mc:.r,f^ the Chit- 
 tk.vis A/cjr.iy :, tlw Syiiins Aiijri-^ the Lihicipiiins 
 (,',ib.i~.i; ihcTitik) I Uibtts-^ i\nA the ancient i- 
 fypli.ws tlieiiiielves C!j.iii:i.i, hv\(\Ch.i/n tlic Son of 
 ix'tuil), who firll I'eopled it ■, and the Chrillians 
 of this Country i\ill retain the Name of t'opf*V, 
 which may very well be a corruption of Epfipihcs, 
 inlicad of Lc,y;'ii'i>'), the Chrillians being the true 
 ancient Natives:, whereas all the AfalionutMs, 
 now the prevailing; Party, are a Mixture o{A>ab}, 
 
 The Lower I'gypt. 
 
 l he Middle /,};f, 
 
 Ctiiifin!. 
 
 Alcwimhia. 
 
 Rojitto. 
 ^ Damitttit, 
 
 It'llOil. 
 Aliifiiclla, 
 {. Al.:i:joiira. 
 
 { 
 
 (ir.md C.iiro. 
 Sho.. 
 
 FlHi/t, 
 
 Turks, Tdrtarjf and fcveral other Eaftern Na- 
 tions. 
 
 Not toclitcr upon the various Bounds airij;n'd 
 to it by ancient Authors, which is only perplex- 
 ing the Reader , thole allii;n'd to it by Mixlcru 
 OeoKr.iphers and the moil tobcrely'd on are, 
 on the Kail the Red Sea and IUhmiis of Shci. \ on 
 the North the Afcditirrnne.w, on the Well Bar- 
 I'-iry, or the Kingdom of Tripoli and the Defart of 
 /y..rf ./, and on the South Niibi.i and f Ethiopia Sh- 
 piii'jr, or Abyfinia-^ the whole lyin^ between 48 
 and %\ Degrees of Longitude •, and from 25 to 
 3 1 of^ Latitude, being about 600 Miles from North 
 to South, and 400 from Eaft toWei't, taken both 
 ways m its grcatelt Extent. It is every where 
 encompafb'd with (iiiidy Defaits, except on the 
 North Side next the Artdiinr.me.w ^ for on the 
 Well and South it has tliole of B.irct, Niihi.i and 
 l.thiopi.i, and on the Eaft thofe of Thebaid.i, for- 
 merly lo famous fcr the Multitude of Anchorites, 
 who retir'd to live an Angelical Life, devoting 
 themfelves entirely to Contemplation. 
 
 rtoUmy dividesf^v^if into4jbiftrifts orOovcni- 
 mtwts^Hnodonu into 28-,and loineAuthors increafc 
 that Number to 44-, but the moll probable is,that 
 there were iso, becaull: in the famous Labyrinth, 
 or Myfterious Temple of tliat Kingdom, which 
 was an Emblem of it. there were ?o large Rooms, 
 or Apartments •, lo tne Upper, Middle and Lower 
 I i:)Dt had each of them ten , wliicii Di- ifion was 
 made by the ancient King Stjojlrn ^ but after- 
 wards altei'd by other Sovereigns, and therefore 
 it will not need to have more laid of it. 
 
 The Modern is divided iienerally into three 
 Parts, as let down with their Principal Towns 
 in the following Table. 
 
 ' Benifu.uf. 
 Ad'.tnta. 
 El Fiunh 
 Aznth. 
 IchiiiM. 
 Alitiiju. 
 Thebes. 
 ^Apu. 
 
 The Lower Egypt, 
 
 Or Ippt properly lo call'd , fometimcs nam'd 
 l^dt.i, becauie the bdl: Part of it form'd that 
 (.'■nik letter, being lliut in by two Kranches of 
 the A'.iV and ihe.(lyf«Vf(r>-.7,vr.w, which thcTnrks 
 at prerciii call Hn^'. This Pro inre to the Weft- 
 waid Borders on the Delarts of li:in.i, on the 
 Niirth ihcA/(ii,tey>ti!!c.i<i waliies it, on the Eaft 
 it has tlie lll!i:nusof .s'.7fi, and on the South, the 
 Middle 1 ::\pi. 
 
 This Prov!:ice is again Subdivided into 5 petty 
 (^lovcrnmtnt:., call'd i^eyb'n, or C.ijfilijs, winch are 
 Alirjanr.i , iiuvbi.i , Alerii-jn, C.iHioidi'tcih and 
 Monloii. wliich la(i, fome will not allow to be 
 within the tnr,- Bounds uifgypt, but in the King- 
 
 The Upper Egvpt. < 
 
 dom 0^ Barciiy yet is here joyn'd with the Reft,_ 
 as being under the fame Chief B.ilfa. The full of 
 them lies Eaft of Delta And the Nile, next the 
 Ifthmus of Site:., containing 197 Villages, and 
 produces abundance of Sugar, Flax and other 
 Growth. Oarbia is on the Eaft fide of the Nile, 
 being the llland of Damietta , a Hat Country, 
 without any Hills, all improvd, rich in Pafture, 
 Sugar, Rice, Corn and Wine. Aicmiifi.i is the 
 next to the Weftward of Ciiii/./^within the Delta, 
 and contains but 103 \illages, tlio' larger in Ex- 
 tent than the laft. Callionincili lies Weft again of 
 Af.:>:juiiya, comprclieiidiHg 196 Villages. Bouijera 
 ft ill to the Weftward, reaches from the NUe to 
 Ca\>\: Bo>/ Atidic.i, being very large and compri- 
 zing 360 Villages. Une half of ic is fohightliat 
 
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 Sciences 
 Corporation 
 
 23 MEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 

IS8 
 
 EGYPt. 
 
 tlie Nile cannot overflow it, whidi is a great dii- 
 iidvantaf^e to tlv Soil, yet it lias good Grazm*', 
 ;iiid ahuiidaiice of Sheep. Here is ilie Defart of 
 N. Af.ic.iriii.', Ill wliicli were 565 Hermit;',i;es or 
 Moiiafteries. Several Cieo^rapliers have divided 
 /.,(!)'/)? othcrwile, according to their lanries, but 
 we liere follow tlie preCent Partition, acrordiiif.', 
 to the Tiirki, wlio are iMaftersofit, liiiviiij.i fpo- 
 kcn of tile Ancient in it^ Place. 
 
 On the Wert ibnds the ancient Town of /"//>;• 
 thine, now call'd, the Arabs Tower ^ and not far 
 from it, on tlie Sea-Coaft is Jiochiri^ furmeiiv ^ii'- 
 Jiris, now aliiioft ruin'd , and fupposd to be fo 
 call'd from Ofnis, whuwathc Fiij'pii.iii Hercitles, 
 thu' others derive it '''on tlieTvr.int y>V//ir// •, but 
 in the Scripture it is nam'd Phainrcs. Leaving 
 thefe Places of little Note, the firit remarkable 
 City is Alcxiiuiri.t^ fo call'd from Altx.inder the 
 (Ireat, who Iniilt ir 5C0 Years before CHRIST. 
 It was once call'd A»j', and by the I/ebiews AV- 
 oiito>i-, by the Roin.ms Ph.iros. Stl/.'Jh; Auc^hjJ.i^ 
 Jii'li, CLmJi;!, Doiniti.i and Jlc.\.vuiri<!\, bv the 
 Natives fornierly R.icctis ,, and bv the Ih ks -At 
 prefent Siuiiuerick, or Sr,m.Ui-i:i, fur they change 
 yilcxMuler into Sc:iiiilei: It is leated at the Mouth 
 of the Nile, call'd the C.inupxiW, which there forms 
 a Harbour, tho' none of the Sated, yc't much fre- 
 (luejiteci. It is divided iiito,thc Old and the New, 
 both of them being of a very creat Coinpafs. The 
 Walls are faid to be the fame that Alcx.inrlcr 
 built, adorn'd with many Towers and Beautiful 
 without ■, yet vvitliiii it is ratlier u Heap of Ruins 
 than a City, there being fcarcc any entircStreet. 
 The dates are lour, thiTHoulesall Hat at top, and 
 built upon Arch'd N'aults, which are fill'd with 
 Water, when the A'l/f Overflows,and lervesthein 
 all tlie Year, there beins; no other in the City. 
 Tliere are three Hills rais'dof tlie ancient Ruins, 
 where Medals and other Rariti-'s are often found. 
 On the Sea-lbore are the Remains of C/Mpirr.^'s 
 I'aUue. 200 Paces from the Town , on a Hill 
 Taiids Pompcy'i Pillar, all of one Stone, and 125 
 Foot liigh, all entire to this Day, with its Capital. 
 This City was once Cijual to the beft in the World, 
 for noble Strnrtures, for Learnint;, for Religion, 
 and for every Thing that could make it commend- 
 able ^ of all which Perfedions, fcare the Shadow 
 remains at this Time. 
 
 Oppolite to Alex.mdria is the famous Iflaiid of 
 Pharo', by the Natives call'd yihgr.if, and by the 
 Ar^d's, Afac,.'r Alcx.r,idri, ox AUx.tmier's Light- 
 Ho'jfc. On it Hood the renowned Tower of 
 Ph.iri)!, fo .Magnificent, that it was reckon'd one 
 of the Seven Wonders of the World, which lerv'd 
 for a l.ight-lioufe to direft Ships 111 the Night. 
 There is oiieoii the I Hand at this Time, but no- 
 thing .Magnificent. There are n« Gardens about 
 u-llcxMidrut^hv reafon of theSandinel's of the Soil, 
 except fome few along the Nile, whole Fruit is 
 not reckon'd whollom. In this City it was that 
 Ptolcny Phil.idclphiii ercfted his Library, being 
 thegreatcll in the World,ascoiitainingiiihis days 
 40C000 N'olumes, and increas'd by his SuccefTors 
 to 7COOOC, all burnt in the Ro/ii.w Civil Wars. 
 
 R:'jiito is about 50 Miles to tlie Eallward of 
 Alix.iiidriit, on another Mouth of the Nile, the 
 'Turks and ypAhs call it R.ijibit, and tlie Fgyptians 
 J\.!///i ; by lomc taken to be the Siljediani Sir.d'u, 
 and by others the Metolti a'i Ptolemy. Tile Extent 
 of It is not large, but the Inliabitants numerous, 
 and the Buildings Stately, tlio" it is not wall'd. 
 On the Banks of A7/c, are very Maiinifitent Pa- 
 laces, and a (limptuous .MoAiuc. 
 
 F.p.ftward^ftillon a Ray, wlmh fuims a llavci? 
 (lands thf City D.nnictt.i, or the Pclnpiin of the 
 Ancients, leated in a Plain, two leagues from the 
 Sea, and between two Brandies of tlie" AV/c, whi Ji 
 make it an Hland, and all the I and To fertile that ■ 
 ic IS full of Calli.i, Limon-Trees, Vines e'-c. 
 This City fell under the Thraldom of the Sjr.ucii's 
 withthe'Reft of F.g\pt , and continu'd in theii- 
 Hands t;!! the Year iai8, when it was wrelied 
 from tliein by theChriftians •, who loft it again in 
 122. , the Infidels having let out the Waters about 
 tliein, by which they were reduc'd to Kxtremity. 
 Lewis the 9t!i, King on'rance, regain'd it, and" 
 being taken Prifoner by the Sultan, was obljg'd 
 again to reftore it for his Ranfom ; when it was 
 deftroy'd by the S.irace/ts. It is now the Seat of 
 an Archbilliop,under the Patriarcli o( Alexandria 
 and a populous City reforted to by all Nations 
 trading into thole Parts. 
 
 Higher up the Country, but ftill within the 
 Delta, isf..'«.7, formerly AV/c, very populous, but 
 the Streets narro\v. Its Suburb is the Place of 
 Diverliou for the handfom Women , who are all 
 allow'd to fpend the Way there and go home, 
 when they think fit at Niglit , v.ithout being 
 blam'd by their Husbands. A Leacue from I'lma 
 in the AV/e is the Hland (.ieurat .'.Udebeb, for- 
 merly A'lacl.ws, or the Golden Illand, full of Nil- 
 lages and (lately Palaces, fcarce to be I'eeii from 
 without, by reafon of the Thicknefs of the Trees. 
 Nearer towards Grand Cairo, is the Town of /l/c- 
 ijjietla, ill Fortify 'd,- but very Populous. Man- 
 foura is the Capital of the (jovernment of tlie 
 r.ime Name, l^ing on the Eall Side of Ndc, but 
 lias nothing remarkable, nor any other in it, and 
 therefore wc will proceed to 
 
 The Middle Egypt. 
 
 Which on the Weft Borders on the Defarts of 
 Barca, Nortiiward, on the Lower h'gvpt. South- 
 ward on the Upper, /and Eaftward on the Red 
 Sea. This Province was formerly call'd Hepta- 
 r.oiHos, from the Seven A',-/;;/, or linall Prefeftures 
 it contain'd, and at prefent liechria and Dencjor. 
 
 Grand Cairo, generally fuppofed to be the an- 
 cient Alcinpliis , and by fome taken for Babylon 
 in l-'^ypt, is the Capital of this Kingdom, divided 
 into the New and the Old. The Name o{ Cai- 
 ro, A/armol{l\\js, comes from the ^>-.jfc/c;^,f/Cj/- 
 bra, the AlT'einbly or Moiiallery ; and not only 
 he, but Leo Africaiiiis and others agree, that it 
 was built by O'egoar el Qncreb under the Caliphs, 
 whence it will follow that Afemphis llood not 
 in the fame place. The Name of Alempbis is de- 
 riv'd from the Egyptian Word Aionphfa, figiii ty- 
 ing the Water of the Lord, becaufeof the Nde; 
 it was built according to Herodotm by Alcnes, 
 the firll King of hf.ypi. Its titiiation is molt 
 convenient, as being near the i^lace where the 
 Nile divides it felt into feveral Branches. On 
 the one fide it is fortil'y'd by Iiigh and ftrong 
 Banks to defend it againlt the River as well 
 as Enemies , and on the other by a mighty 
 Lake, trll'd with the overflowing of the Nde. 
 The old Town is on the Eall lide of the Ri- 
 ver, being now no better than a poor \ illage, 
 inhabited uy a few Cap:i Chriftians, and Arme- 
 nians. Tlicre are ftill (evera; Churches, and a- 
 mong them, thole- of ^'. Barbara, of 5. Juris, mA 
 another rais'd on the Ruins of a little Houl'e ; 
 where they lay our Saviour liv'd when he fled 
 
 into 
 
EGYPT. 
 
 180 
 
 Into fivpt. Bi^fidc, this, iIkto arc three larr.e 
 Suln'rlis to the City , i;i tiitli of nliicli ar^- 
 icckDii'd z <ir vx^o l-Ioufes, and abiuiflaiice of 
 Mol^iuos and I'aUicos, AboMt tin; Circumference 
 of (.'.lira tlii.'1'e is miuli l)in'',i.Mice among Travel- 
 lers, lorneallowinii it 22 Miles, otlicrs cxteiid- 
 iiiij It to VJ- Toventv tins ^rcat Extent, tliey 
 (,iy here are 24OCO Quarter'., or \\'ards, and 
 iliewliole lUHiiberof i!:c Inl'.abitantsaimnmt!, to 
 -ccccco, wliLreof lOcccoo are jn:-. in the 
 Year 1618, 700CC0 I'erlons died liere of tlie 
 Pla:',ue, andwlien tliat fconriie f\veeii> away but 
 z (ir ;oocco, tb.ey are never inilb'd. The num- 
 ber of Molijucs i-> 24OCO, but lime oi" them 
 not above lO l-'oot fi|n.ire. The l]n,|iita!sare al- 
 io very numerous, one of which ha>- a Revenue 
 of iccoco Crowns, in winch all lorts of Per- 
 fons W'batfoever are receiv'd, and carefully look'd 
 to. The j^reat Streets arc iHcco, all of them 
 Ibiit up with Gates every Nij.^ht , to pre- 
 vent Diliirders. They are all iiairi)W, and Peo- 
 ple ride about them 011 Ades. Tlie Citadel, 
 which commands the Place, i- built on a Rock, 
 round, and lo larjiie that it looks like a Town, 
 vfiih abundance of Towr.s about the V\'alls. 
 The be.iuiit'ul Rooms and Anartments are to- 
 kens of the Ma^niiieence of inc Af u/Mhuk Sul- 
 tans, w!io reifind in /.ij7'( bef)rethe Twkscon- 
 quer'd it. The iJours and V'v iiidows are inlaid 
 witii Mother of l-'earl, l'Ton\,, Chrvltal,aiid Co- 
 ral, and the Interval:, between them curioully 
 painted. 1 he Water from the A'. /c is coiivey'd 
 to it by an Aqueduct on 35 Arches, from this 
 City there let out every Year betw'eeu 15 and 
 4CCC0 Pil'j,rims for AUcc.i-, they are defended 
 a;!.ainil: the W..;6j by a Guard ot 5C0 Men, and 
 liiive witii them from 6 to 9000 Camels. The 
 tirand Sigir.or allows every Year 6ccooo 
 Duuits towards their iupport, which is near the 
 fdiirth part of tlic Revenue of igypt. Some make 
 iicl!Uiiii:"t Town of lUd.ik, hut tliey are jom'd by 
 alor>4 Sueet, ai.fi .t is ti'creckonuig of this and 
 other fnch outlets as .lU one City, wliich make 
 Ciiro i'o 'arf^e as lias been here <lelcrib d. 
 ' Scarce any Country is more fertile than the 
 Territory of C/.w/ lor all loris ot Iruits and 
 Plants. Betwixt a Canal and a little Lake at 
 ;i j,(iod diltaiiee Irian Cioo, is the \ iila.i;e of M.i- 
 t.i.c.:, thought to be theancieni: /y«v;;o/;tf</j, and 
 by the conient of ail Authors, the Place where 
 our saviour, the HlelPed \ ir^in, and .S'. Jojeplj 
 rciioi-d in inpi. There is iliU an old \Vall, 
 with a I'mall VV nidow in it, where the ChriGians 
 Live an Altar, and la\, Mais. Near this \ illagc 
 1111(1 the Ruins of the ancient ihLopijlis (lands an 
 tH\li>k in the midll of a lariie Bafon, witli ma- 
 in laero;!,l^^'!)icks cut on it, but by whom e- 
 v^cted does not appeir. About 250 P.ices from 
 AJ.U:irc:i are the af. rclaid Kuin>ol Htl'Opdis^fo 
 ciild Iroui a I'^kiiig Glals k.i pKu'd intheTem- 
 p!e of the .Sun, that \v rec^iv'd and reHeded its 
 liv.(iii^ali ihe IJay. This Place is now entirely 
 Juiiolilii'd, lo that there are now' only lome re- 
 ui.iiiii ot .''iiitH|ini\ . 
 
 The io iiiiieli adiinr'il Pyramids of i't-vpf Ilaiid- 
 iiifi but 4 Miks \\ ell from Cure, iliis will be no 
 improper 11. ue to Ip.'ak (-1 tliem, and wliat we 
 cm ia\ II all be "Ut ot UrdiLcs, wlio has Avnt 
 
 thele, heay,ree5 with M'ifl^/tf?;/.f zm\ Diodonti t;; 
 have been built by Cheoin^ or Chtiiinis, who be- 
 gun his Reign about 1266 Years before CHRIST; 
 the fccond by Ccpbrcii, or Chcibry'n^ Succeliiir to 
 Coerps \, and the third by AfycaiMts, wlio reiti,n'd 
 ne\t to Ctjhreri. And the end of buildnif; them 
 lie fuppos'd to be for SepuUhres. Tiie firll of 
 them, he lays as an F.\,e-'.'v'itiiers, is feated on 
 the top of a Kjckv Hill, which rile., an iiundred 
 Foot above the pKiiii level of T--^\pt. Each lu!e 
 is 69? Veet in lengtli, and tlie perpendicular 
 lleiy.lith 499 Veet. Then compuiini', the Area 
 of the Hails by our Meafure he finds it to con- 
 tain 4S02J9 f'lu.ire l-'ect, or eleven Englijb Acres 
 of Ground, and 1089 of 43560 parts of an Acre. 
 The afcent to the top of it, is by Degrees each 
 four Foot in heiL^hth, and retiring inw:ird near 
 three Feet, and thus running about the l'yr;i- 
 mid, the top ends not in a I'oint, but a f.,;t 
 Square 13 leetand 2S0 of loco parts of a Foot 
 over. On the North ildc of it, 38 Feet from tlie 
 (jround, is a Iqiiare and narrow PalTage leading 
 into the Body of the Pyramid, and goes down 
 Hill, the breadth of it little more than 3 Feer, 
 the length 92 Feet and a half. At the end hereof 
 is a larger Flue, but not regular, varying in 
 Breadtli and Fleighth. On the Left-hand, climb- 
 ing up a lleep and ma iTy Stone 8 or 9 Foot high, 
 is the entrance into the firfl: Gallery ithc breadth 
 of it almolt 5 Feet, theheightli the fame, and the 
 lengtli 1 10. At the end of it bciiins the fecond 
 Gallery, a piece of exquil'ite VVorkmanlliip. iJy 
 this Cjallcry is a Well, now 20 Feet in depth, 
 but Hippos d to be near tiU'd up. Going forward 
 from the VVell,there isanother fqnijre Paflage 110 
 Feet in length, which leads into a little Chamber, 
 lefs than 20 Font long and 17 broad. Within 
 the fecond Gallery, there are feveral linall Rooins 
 
 and a large one, cxtraord 
 
 inary 
 
 beautiful , 111 
 
 whicli is the Tomb or Monument of Ci'fc/)f, of 
 one piece of Marble within, hollow and unco- 
 ver'd. Having thus far defcrib'd tliis Pyramid, 
 tlie Reader who dslires farther Satisfadioii, is 
 referr'd loCcives^ and liaving laid fo much of 
 it, we Ihall add no more of the others, but tliat 
 tliey are like it in all refpefts, only much inferior 
 in Magnitude, 
 
 Not far from thefe Pyramids is a monftrous Fi- 
 gure, ol a wonderful bulk, commonly call'd, the 
 Sphinx^ the Head of it like a .Man, and the Body 
 of a I ion, but now buried in the Sand up to the 
 Shoulders , I'lwy lays, the Head is 43 Foot long. 
 The work ot it iscurious, but liow that mis^h- 
 ty Mais was brought thither, or to tvhat eiid, 
 does not appear. 
 
 All about C(/>o there are abundmce offubter- 
 raneous Caves,made toprelervedead Bodies from 
 Corruption and all other Accidents, thefe rcach'cl 
 every way fir a valt extent, and were like a 
 Labvrinth, having Communication from one to 
 another. The way into thefe Caves is down a 
 narrow V\ell 17 or 18 Foot deep. Thele lead 
 into thole Caves or Rooms, where there are Mar- 
 ble Tables, I'll which the ColFiis were laid. The 
 Bodies fuiind here arc thole we call Alnnimics^ 
 being hum.m CarcalFes buried many Ages, yet 
 entire, and only dried up, the word Alr.mmy in 
 the y't;y;.'W Tongue fignifying a Body dried up. 
 
 ilieai l.eariicdlv, and with greater exat'^neis and incorruptible \ and thele Aliinuhivi arc .loi 
 
 :,ill 
 
 y other, fljegieatell .uid moll remarka- Bodies dried up by the heat of the Sun in the 
 
 I'lcuf them are three Itandin- i 
 
 "S'uii the Lime 1 lain. Ihe tirllaud largeftiof 
 
 ear to one another Sand, but cmbalm'd and prclcrv'd by Arc. 
 
 ec 
 
 UaviuC 
 
 m\ 
 
 AW' 
 
1^0 
 
 EGYTT. 
 
 Having faif .'I|thii5 much of Cairo^ and the Cn- 
 riofitics about it, let iis next come to Suez., vJiicli 
 ftolc/iiy calls, 7/;f City of Heroes, feated at tlic 
 top of the Red Sea, and a coiifiderable I'oit on 
 it, where the 6V(Wc/ iV^^/Zflr has an Aift,ial, and 
 whither mAUv Merchants refort from Iudi,i with 
 all the Co;iimoditie« that Country affords. All a- 
 houtitis nothing but a fandvOedirt, without any 
 green, or iivini; Creature^ fo that all Provifions 
 arebroui'Jit from far, and even tlie Water from 
 two leagues dillance. It contains not above .100 
 1 lollies', aiKl the Port is fmall and llioal. Tlie 
 Town of t-'iiim lies South of C.</>«, on an Eiiii- 
 iience, nor tar from the Nile. 
 
 The Upper Egypt, 
 
 Formcrlv call'd Ihcb.-iis, or Tic I -r^da, from its 
 onre reno\\n'd Capital Citv i'lubcs, and now 
 S:tid, i-, walli'd all along its Eaff fide by tlie Red 
 Sea, tlie North joins to the Middle tyypt, the 
 Well: reaches to the Defarts of B.irc.i, and the 
 South is parted by l)igh Mountains, Nubia, and 
 the Coaft of ylbcx. 
 
 This large I'rovince is divided i:ito 5.;/V/, pro- 
 perly fo call'd, which is the Inland, and the Coaft 
 of tlie Red Sea, a ridge of Hills running in length 
 between tliele two Parts. But the more parti- 
 cular Partition, like the others, isdivided intolix 
 Jieylies, or C.iffiiifi, wliich are thole of Ren, or E- 
 bc!:j]icj,UK molf Nortlu'rii lnland:,then Al.iiifelcnt ^ 
 aiici (iiii[w on the L eft-hand of tlie Nile :, Ojcv- 
 kcjfi and AI:>i:o 0:1 ilie Right \ and Ciffir , whicli 
 is the SeaCoall. 
 
 The firil Town entring tliis Province on the 
 Well fide of the A',7c is He>iiJiiii:J,j,or Eboifncf, 
 remarkable for little elfe but that it gives Name 
 to that linall Ooveriiment. The next is .]t:ui::!, 
 leaied on a high Cjrouiid near tiie Nik, built 
 by Cdiphs. Formerly there were (lately tyyptian 
 Cliurches, whereof only the Rums are now robe 
 feeii. 11 till"', dilfereiit from that in tlie mid- 
 dle Ei'vpi, and lonnerly call'd yibydits, ilands 
 upon another Hill near the River. Here they 
 lay the Body of the Patriarch Jvjipu was buried 
 before the Jjy-tcliics departed out of hi^jpi. A- 
 i//f/j,once call'd Kub-ijtes, was beautiful, and ad- 
 orn'd witii fuinptuous Buildings , now a heap of 
 Ruins, inhabited by about 100 Chnllian Fa- 
 milies who have three or lour Churches, all the 
 remains of what it was, VVithout it, is a Mona- 
 iU'ry, the Monks whereot feed on notliing but 
 lierbs. Bread, and Olives, yet they have a con • 
 fiderable Revenue, and entertain all the Foor 
 that coine to it fur three Days. 
 
 Tiiibes, now 5.(.v/, was the ancientefl and mofl 
 renown'd ot all ilie Cities in tf.ypt, feated on 
 the Welt fide of the Nile, but is now nothing 
 of what it has been, ^travo calls it DiujpoUs^ or 
 tlie City of Jo-Ji:, becauie he was worlliipp'd 
 tliere ; Hunger and Supo.i/im Hccatompolu, or the 
 City of an liundred iiates, for it is reported to 
 have had fo many •, JhoUoriii names it Hujim, the 
 i.thtiipi.ihs Sirinis, the ^iciii'/ y/yw,/, and^iai. It 
 was the Relideiice of Kings, who reinov'd thence 
 to ylicx.Dhiii.i, to Ahti.piiii, and to C.iirc, and 
 gave its Name to this Province of '77;f/'..7, r;, (o 
 lamous for beii;g the Retreat offb many Fhou- 
 fandb of Iioly i\iuliontes.5r?-.i/'« informs us,that this 
 City was 80 Fui longs 111 length beturedeltroy d 
 by ChiMjes Kiugot I'erji.t, and that in his Days 
 llie rcmanibof many inagniticeni '■jluctiires. were 
 
 ftiil t; ) be feen, and among them a iniglity CJojJi::, 
 all <if one Stone entire, befides tbout 40 ToiiiLs 
 of Kings in fubterraiiean Caves, and many I'y 
 ramids and Obelisks. 
 
 Ajiii, or SiciDiit, feated in the Suuthermoft 
 part of Efypt, fUll on the Well fide of A'7.'f,had 
 ita Name tliang'd by x\KA:.;bi, becaufe iuv/e i;i 
 their Language ftgnifies r.;forin'd, and there 
 fore they call'd it Afn.i, that is, Beautiful. Tlv/ 
 dellroy'fl by tlie Romuys, it was rebuilt by the 
 Al.itjoinetiws. The Inhabitants are rich, as h,:. 
 ving a coiifiderable frade into Nnbi.t, up the 
 Nile, and by land. The Ethiopi.ws c.\\\\i(i.i- 
 vera; it has ilill a great Compafs, many It.itr- 
 ly Buildings, and old Egyptian and Fu)n.i)i In- 
 fcriptions. The Nile is Navigable to this i'lace, 
 but i. little beyond it, (joods muif be carried 
 by land till pall the Catarafts. On the E;;|f. 
 fide of the Nile, near this border of Egypt, ilands 
 the Town of j^jj^i.m. Next is AUmu, a ;',i;od 
 Town returning to the Northward, on the lame 
 fide of the River, then hl.n'.mi and Almoii.i^ not 
 to mention other Places of lels Note. In [h.ic 
 Part, which lies next the Sea there are very few 
 Towns, by reafoii the Soil is moll a deep Sand 
 and barren. On the Shore the only Places are, 
 Grodol, A!,i>Ht, Hcbcle;.eit, Sitgiun, Dac.it i, t'::tt, 
 Coffir^y Sail, and Zibid, all of them poor and m- 
 conliderable, andconlaiuently defervingno par- 
 ticular Uefcription. 
 
 To return toEgypt in general, it is mod cer- 
 tain that all the boallcd Fertility of the Coun- 
 try is owing to the Nile, and the Slimc and 
 Mud that River leaves behind when it over- 
 Hows, which fattens the Ground, and produces- 
 all tliat grows', for the Land of it lelf is na- 
 turally lo faiidy, that no Watering or Rain 
 Would make it fruitful :, and therefore the People 
 are forced to draw Frenches from the River to 
 feed all their Gardens, and lomctimes the over- 
 flowing leaves fo much of tliat slime in certain 
 Places," that the Pealants are fain to qualify it 
 with Sand, tonnerl^ this Kingd.;ai furiiilli'd 
 Rome, and ii;veral other Parts and now illliU 
 fupplies Arabia dijert. I, l'aliii:iie,i:yii, Qrri,:t.;n 
 tinoplc, and Ibuie Provinces of Enrop: \s\i\\ Corn, 
 Sugar, Caliia, Sena, leveral forts of viuuis, and 
 other Commodities. i>/f.( was always the truit- 
 fuUell part of all the Country, as beiiiji vvater'd 
 by feveral Branches of the NAc ; ana beyond 
 Cairo towards Nubia, the Ground is generally 
 good for little, except withm three or four Miles 
 of the Nde, all tlie rell being deep Sand, unlefs 
 fome Places which have cuts Irom the River. 
 Even in the Delta all about Alexandiia, and 
 next the Red Sea on the one tide, and the King- 
 dom of Jiarca on the other, there are vail De- 
 iarts. The llrange Plants growing here, not 
 common in Europe, are the Datura, Coluc.iJ:i, 
 Sibcjtc, Caffia, EJlianac, Lablab, Meltochia, S(J- 
 b.w, Sojera, Abjujt, Scmpjcn, Herd, Ciiate, Abdel- 
 liivi,H.itethia, Nejeiii-el Jalih, Tamiiid,Palm-IycCi 
 Alacez., Sam, &c. 
 
 There is no lefs variety of Animals , as Buf- 
 faloes, Camels, Sheep with great Tails as big as 
 one of their Qjiarters, (JauUs, between a Goat 
 and a Deer, a lort of Monkeys, call'd Cmoecpha- 
 las, or Dogs Heads,Chamx"leoiis, hhi:eiii>io»i,ci\- 
 led Eyjptian Rat> •, Jv:<, Birds like C^ranes, ov. 
 and for the Water, Crocodils and Sea-1 lories. 
 
 1 he Air is naturally excellivehoc, by realouof 
 Its iie.irntdi) to the Fornd />oiie, and the farther 
 
 Soaeh- 
 
K 
 
 EGYPT, 
 
 ipi 
 
 ffiiitliwai'i'. of roiifequence tin; worfe. But in 
 Winti-r tlie VVcithcr is very iiiiiYrtuin, fome- 
 timi:s hot and fometimcs cold. The Spring there 
 Ingiiis in Jitnii:tyy^ und ends with Febiimry, which 
 isthemol} Teinper.ue Seafon. The Summer be- 
 i;iis in yVf.iich, and ends in j4iif,ii/} exceliively 
 li;it. Aiivuinn ]Ai\, Sipicwhcr and Oilobcr •, and 
 Winter November and December. 
 
 The Uiieales here are very numerous, as ma- 
 lifjnaut levers, Small- Pox , Scurvy, Leprofy, 
 Uiiptures, Gout, WeakneCs in the Mcrvcs, Stone, 
 iiid the >;reateft tif all, the Plague. 
 
 Ml Dei^rees life Ritliing to cxcefsi and the 
 W'omui Oil and perfume thcmfe-ives. Tho' they 
 eit three or four times n Day, yet it is lefst'ian 
 die FiiropcMis, and their Diet is light, conlifting 
 mod of Mutton, l-owl';, Rice, Lentiles, Pcafe, 
 Kidney-Rcans, Turnips, Cabbape, Cucumbers , 
 (jiap-s, Melons, and all forts of Fruit. The poor- 
 er lort are Iktisfied witit Beef, and fometimes 
 Qmelsl'lelli. As for Filii, it is little regarde'', 
 imlefs two or three forts taken in the Nile. The.r 
 Drink is tlie Water of tlic lame River-, only 
 t!ic Chrifti.uif, Jews, and fome Turks drink 
 Wine, wliich they have from Caidia , Rhodes^ 
 and Cypyiis ■, they alfo drink much Coffee and 
 Sherbet. 
 
 The FfiyptiiDis jjo decently Apparell'd, they 
 wear very fine Calico Shirts, and over thetn 
 long Robes of fine Clotli, or Silk, narrow a- 
 bove, and wide below, with If rait Sleeves. On 
 their Heads they have a Turbanr, the Chrifti- 
 iins Red or Hlue, tlie Jc n'A'ellow, and the /!/./- 
 houui.ms White, except Af.ihomet's Race, who 
 alone may wear ijreen. On their Feet they 
 itHve rather Slippers than Shooes. Women of 
 Qirtlity aie2,creraMv clad in white, aiidveil'd-, 
 their Slipper's are high heel'd. The 7Kt-*j drefs 
 liieir Heads after their own Country Fafliion. 
 The Egypii.w.1 we.ir a wreath of Silk half a Foot 
 high, ending ill a Point, with fome Jewels before 
 !f, as alio rich Collars, Hracclets, Rings, and 
 Tuih Ornaments on their Legs. Next their Bo- 
 dy they h;ive a filk Smock curioully wrought^ 
 Slid over it a Robe of feveral Colours, button'cl 
 down before. 
 
 The Tiirb here have all Employments, Civil 
 „iid Military •, the Native Efypti.vs follow Huf- 
 haiidry , the Ar.ibi live upon Rapine-, the E- 
 ihioilivis^ Hlaiks j.nd ./fip.i upon Trade, as do the 
 I'lhabiiants of (.',(// w, and many Clinicians fet- 
 ikd among ihem. The Languages lierc are va- 
 iKius, rhe ancient Cptlik or t.fiyptiun being only 
 kr..)\vn to the Clcrgi, and more learned, the 
 other l'.iyiiii.i>is fpeak yh.i'i.'ik and Etbiupn I;, the 
 T:.;k.i tlieir own I anjiUage , the jews SpuniJ/-^ 
 li.il'.ir:.,Circek and ^li.d'iti:, and moll Men Li/i- 
 ,i,;i.. Irniic,!. 
 
 Ilirtorital AtCDunt of l^gypt. 
 
 l^\pt Is certainly one of ihc ancienteft King- 
 dums in the VVoiki, and had not their Hillo- 
 viis been cv)rnii;tk(l with multitudes ot Fables, 
 perliaps none would have outdone them. iSot to 
 meddle Willi l!:e Coiuiovcrfies handled by many 
 
 .■\uthe 
 
 id I'.ecided b\, 
 
 It is generally 
 
 .'.greed that C'/'.(//7, ilieSon of A'u.j/j, firlt inhabit 
 td Ei^ypt after tlit (onkifion of languages at Jni- 
 tcl. ills Son Mi^rji,;i ib the firll upon the LiR 
 of the Kin^s, Ch.im being reckon'd tlie fame as 
 'Jupiter Hawiiiji}^ and Mi vuni) the lame as Ojiruy 
 
 the great God of the Egyptunis. From Iiim de- 
 fcendcd that Race of Monarchs, known by the 
 Title of Pharaohs in general, tno' they had all 
 particular Names of tlieir own. The whole fuc- 
 cellion of thefe Princes is too long and uncer- 
 tain to be inferted by us -, but 0/-«nhe 12th of 
 them, and 2d of the Name is fuppofed to be the 
 Jiiifiris of the Creciarts, mid the cruel Tyrant 
 who commanded the Male Children of the IJra- 
 clitcs to be dell roy'd. Cenchres, the i6th in Or- 
 der, thought to be the Pharaoh drown'din the 
 Red Sea. Pfammltinis, the 2d of the Name, 63d 
 King in defcent, after a Reign of fix Months on- 
 ly, was overthrown h^- Cambyfes ., the lAPcrfum 
 Monarch, and thus £/;;/j)r was annex'd to his Em- 
 pire, under which it continued till the Reign of 
 Darius, 6th Emperout of the Medcs anc^ Per/i- 
 arts, ill whofe 2d Year the E^yptiaus revolted, 
 and Amyrteus was their firft King. Seven others 
 iucceeded him, NeElancbus the zd of the Name, 
 being the laft of them, in whofe Days Egypt was 
 again fubdued by Ochits the 8th Empcrour of 
 Perfta, to which Empire it remain'd fuDjeft, till 
 Jlkxander the Great vanquilliing Darius, made 
 himfelf alfo Mafter of Emt. jile.vander Afmg^ 
 and his Conquells being clivided among his Ge- 
 nerals, this Kingdom fell to the Lot of 
 
 Ptolemy, the San of Lagiis, who reign'd 40 
 Years, and left the Crown to his Poflerity, all 
 of them from him call'd Ptolcmys, as thefirft Race 
 had been nam'd Pharaohs. His Son and SuccefTor 
 I'tolemy PhiLidelphus, erefled the wonderful Li- 
 brary at Alexandria, and caufed the 72 Inter- 
 preters to Trandate the Bible. The Ptolemys 
 were in all Ten, and Cleopatra, the Wife and 
 Siller of the lall of them reign'd alone after 
 him, having the Crown bellow'd upon her by 
 Jidiiis Cifar. Being Witty, Beautiful, aiicl ex- 
 celVive Lewd, the great Mark Jnihcny became 
 fo defperately in Love with her, that it prov'd 
 the ruin of them both, he being overthrown by 
 Aiigii/his, and llie killing herfelf to avoid being 
 led in Triu. ;ph through ^cwf. 
 
 In her ended the Race of the Piokmys. E- 
 gypt was made a Province of the Rowan Empire, 
 and fo continued till the Days of HeracUns the 
 Emperor of Conjlantiuonle, when tlie Avarice of 
 the Greeks provok'd the Egyptians to fliake off 
 the Yoke ot the Eallefn Emperours, and fubmit 
 themfelves to the Arabs, and thus fell under the 
 Ruleot Omar, the 2d Caliph, about the Year of 
 CHRIST, 640. His SuccefTors held it till Aboit 
 Mahommed Obeidaliah , who pretended to be a 
 Prophet, and defcended from Eathcmah, Maho- 
 mei'i Daughter, fubdued all tljc Mediterranean 
 Coallof yf/Wf^-, and his Succellor Obeidaliah con- 
 quering Egypt took upon him the Title of Ca- 
 liph, which defcended in his Ppfterity to thr 
 13th Generation, when Ahhed, the laitof them 
 finding himfelf prefs'd by the Chrillians, crav'd 
 Aid of Noiircddin Prince of Aleppo, who feiit 
 Salahcddin, or as we call him sJadin, with a 
 potent Army to his Afltftance. He, inflead of 
 iupporting, ojiptefs'd Abhed^ after whole Death 
 he keptpolTeliion of Egypt, for his Mailer -, and 
 he alio clying, (ct himfelf up abfolate Sovereign 
 about the Year of CHRIST 1174. his Son fuc- 
 cecding him, and tlius the Crown defcended in 
 that Race to Elmutan the 7tli, who, as his Fa- 
 ther liad been, was alfo murder'd by the Mama- 
 links of his Guards, who eredtcd a Kingdom for 
 themfelvct. 
 
 E e c i Mam4' 
 
 ill'! 
 ■I 
 
 
 : iiVik,-:^' 
 
191 NVMIV I A or "B I L B'DV LG E RW. 
 
 I' ■' -M 
 
 i it R 
 
 Mamaluch m the Arabiik fignifics a Slave, and 
 thcfe People f) rall'd were Circ.iffi:in Slaves, 
 bought up hy tlie Epjptian Kin^s, and tniiu'il 
 lip in all martial Difcipline for their Guards, by 
 rcafon the Epyptiam were a\i elfemiiiate People, 
 wholly unfit for War. No Jem or M.ihomct.in 
 could be admitted into thefe Troops, nor any 
 but the Sons of Chril\ian>, of which the Kings 
 had purchas'd fo great a Number, that the Gar- 
 rifons tliroughout the Kin^',(l<)m were in their 
 Hands, and there were no other Forces todraw 
 into tlie I-ield. Thele Men having thus got all the 
 Force of the Kingdom into their own Hands, 
 fiX{\mmi.WCiMilekalS.dd)y and tlKu Tuitran- 
 Jlj.th bis Son , the two laft of SiLtdms Race. 
 This done, they made choice of lieckj a Turk., 
 whom titey plac'd on the Throne, and thus he 
 became the firlt Kiiii; of the MtmaLick Race. 
 Thcle Princes call'd themfelves SnitMS, and held 
 the Sovereignty of Egypt for the fp«e of 275 
 Years, tl^at is, from 1250 till 1525. Tokhiw Il.ii, 
 commonly call'd TamombeiHS by EureptMs, tlie 
 2d of tins Name, was the laft of the Alimduik 
 Sultan^, and reign "d but three Years, at the end 
 whereof .SV^/« the firll. Emperor of tiie Turks, 
 atrack'd and !•' uted him, and he Hving, was be- 
 tray'd into his Enemies Hands by a Prince of 
 th^.A:.ibs. Setim after tcnDavs hang'd him at 
 one of tlie (jates of Cmo , and lo ended the 
 Kaceof the Alimilucks, rais'd from Slaves to be 
 the Terror of all the Eafl, and now ajjaiuat once 
 funk to their primitive Nothing. 
 • Ever finceiV//;;; coiiquer'd Egypt, as has been 
 faid, it has been govern'd by A'l/f.i's, who have 
 kilo the Title of BegUrhegs, that is. Lord of 
 Lords, as being chief over many other inferior 
 Goveruours. The time of their Rule is general- 
 ly three Years, unlefs upon any Complaint or 
 Offence taken they be remov'd fooner,which hap- 
 pens very often. The Officers under the BMf.i 
 are many, as the Tiihua, who is as it were a De- 
 puty, the C.idtlcfchir, Prefident of the Council, 
 fevcral S.u/pjucks and others. The Div.Dt is the 
 Council, which has the direftion of all things, 
 but generally fo fubordmate to the />'.<//', that it 
 Ts nothing but a Name. The Chrillians redding 
 among them as Merchants are generally try'd 
 by their own Confuls in all private Differences, 
 After this fuccinft Account of the Temporal 
 
 State, itvvill not be ungrateful t.. the Read.r-., 
 add a Word concerning the Ecrkriallical, Th 
 ancient Ee.yptiaas were tlie moft fuperftitii.iis Na' 
 tion in the Univerfe. They gave divine Hoiiom 
 to leveral of their ancient Princes, as to Hm. 
 mm, OY Ch:im, U)Oftrh, of Mi^Lr.i;//:^ to //,-, t(, 
 Onis, zoTipiwf/, and to many more-, bcfid.s t'lv 
 worltiipp'd the Sun, Moon, and Stars. Not V, 
 fatisfied, they ador'd Dogs, Cats, Snakes, Calv. 
 Crocodils, and a thoufand filthy Creatiims 
 which did not yet terminate their Folly, for tli.'v 
 extcndcdthe fame Worlliipto things inanimate 
 as Leeks, Onions, Garlick, &c. One of thon- 
 principal Deities was a black Bull, which tlK-/ 
 offer'd Sacrifice to, under the Name of yl;,ii, and 
 no doubt from them t!je //-•.W//« karut to be lo 
 fond of Calves. When Chriftianity began to 
 fpread it felf abroad, the Ei^yptiaii embrac'd it 
 as foon, and cultivated it as much asany otlur 
 Nation, and tliere it Hourilb'd in great Splen- 
 dour for Ibme Ages, and this not only in Town'; 
 and the cultivated Country, but even iw the wild- 
 eft Defarts, which were the Habitations of manv 
 thoufiuid Anchorites, and there are fiid tohavi- 
 been not only Monarteries, but whole Towns of 
 Religious Perfons. This lafted as long as tliey ' 
 continued fubjeft to the Ro,iia:i Empire, and till, 
 as has been fiid, they call'd in the Straccm, vvli' 
 by degrees almoft extirpated Lhe Cliriftian Re- 
 ligion to introduce the Af.ihometjn, which pre- 
 vails to tliis Day. There are now feveral lorts 
 of Chrillians, which, not to mention the Europe- 
 ans, who only refide there for Trade, may be 
 reckon'd under thefe Heads of Coptics, Nfjhri.M; 
 A'f.irofiiics, O'ctrgians, J.icouitfs, Arwcuians, aiul 
 Syri.i>is, who all live difpers'd about the Country 
 ill feveral Towns, Villages, and Mmafteries, 
 ufmg feveral Ceremonies. They all acknowledge 
 the Patriarch of A'cxmdrlt, whom they call 
 P.ipt. T\k Coptics, who are the moft numerous 
 and nativj E^^\pii:i,/s, in their Divine Service uie 
 the Liturgies of .S'. I'crc; and S. Mtrk, S. A' //.•/, 
 S. Gregory, imAS.Syr'A, written in their antieni: 
 Tongue, and the EpilUes and Gol'pels are llill 
 read in CoptkkmA Arabkk. Thele People are 
 generally very ignorant, but firm in their Re- 
 iigiow, and if they kn.)\v enough to Salvation 
 they need no greater VVifdom, 
 
 CHAP. X. 
 
 of Biledulgerid, or Numidia in general. 
 
 TH I S was formerly one of the feyen prin- 
 cipal Provinces into which Ajrick was 
 divided, at prefent it makes one of 12. 
 The Name of BUcdulgend is a corruption from 
 Beled el Gered, fignifying the Country of Dates, 
 becaufe it produced more than any other. It 
 extends from Egypt in the Eaft to the Ocean 
 y.»\ the Weft, and is divided from B.irbmy by 
 Mount y/.'/^/ on the North, and by other Moun- 
 tains and Departs from Libya, or Saara, or the 
 Dcfart on the South. The length of it about 
 2500 Miles from Eaft to We.'l, the greateft 
 breadth not 200 in the widrfl I'lacc, and much 
 lelii ill others. 
 The principal Rivers here are the Darha, 
 
 which rifing in Mount Atlis, and giving its Name 
 to the Province it runs through, lofes it felf 111 
 a Lake, coming like the other from Mount At- 
 las, and after watering a great Traft of Scrcl- 
 mejj'a, falls into another Lake. The 6'/;;V li.is 
 likewife its Srource on the iiime Mountain, runs 
 acrofs thick Woods and Forefts, and ends m a 
 Lake in the midft of one of th.-m. Rio Blanco, 
 or the White River, comes from a Mountain in 
 the Province of Tfi/et, and fpreading it felf in- 
 to feveral Branches, runs into the Ocean At :"; 
 many Mouths. Bn\edor lies Nortliward of 
 laft, and runs the lame Wcftern Couri'e into ilie 
 Ocean. Kio Seco, or the Dry River, lo c.ill'd 
 becaufe it dries up in Winter, is ftiU No. rh 
 
 w.iri', 
 
 ward and n 
 Biijador, ;;n 
 Ealhvard 01 
 near Alhci 
 iiiitfiii deftei 
 loft near j-U: 
 rains on the 
 vlnce of the 
 Kingdom > 
 from the N, 
 in Mount __ 
 of Bilcdiilgc) 
 Defart. 
 
 The Soilo 
 and th(.refor 
 Iiime Meafiir 
 it yields, th 
 fv'd with ap 
 Harvcft of ' 
 be never lo 
 Six Months, 
 them Corn c 
 They fow in 
 
 Oft riches, 
 enough, and 
 gious number 
 very Mifchie 
 Wind is iiere 
 vellers in San 
 olfended hy 
 thev are ape t 
 their Youtli, i 
 fill, and oftet 
 
 Bill 
 
-NVMlDlAot'BILEDVLGEKW. ip^ 
 
 ward and runs Weft to the Ocean, betwixt Cape 
 Hiijiidor, ;ind the Town of Nmi. Leblch rifes alfo 
 Ealhvard on the Mountain?, and meets the Ocean 
 near Alhcn.i^ after takins; in the Tcceutin. Hi- 
 )m\]ln dcfcends from the Mountains of S'«, and is 
 loft near Ahl'iiliin. Farc^il.s flows from the Moun- 
 tains on the Nort!', and runniUf^ throui;h the Pro- 
 vince oftlie fame Kme, glides nito a Lake in the 
 Kingdom o'iTiplct. The Hot River, To ca I I'd 
 from the Nature of its Water, has its Origin 
 in Mount Atl i< , and after crolliufj the Plains 
 of BihdHlgcrid, forms a lake m the midft of a 
 Defart. 
 
 Tlie Soil of Bilcdiilf,erid is Iiot, dry and fandy, 
 and therefore bears little Corn, which Want is in 
 ibme Meafure made up hy the abundance of Dates 
 it yields the Country People being better fatis- 
 fy'd w ith A plentiful f'rop of Dates, than the beft 
 Harveft of Wheat, in regard, that tho' the Year 
 be never fo kind , this can never maintain them 
 Six Months, bclides that their Neiglibours bring 
 them Corn cnougl-, in Exchange for their Dates. 
 Ihey fow in Odohe , and reap in ylpril. 
 
 Oftriches, Camel • and Goats are liere plentiful 
 enough, and fouie 1 lorfcs there are •, but a prodi- 
 gious number of Snakes and Scorpions, which are 
 very Mifchievous. Hefidcs this Mifchief, theEaft 
 Wind is herefo violent, that it often buries Tra- 
 vellers in Sand , and the Natives Eyes are much 
 otfended by it. Another Inconvcniency is, that 
 tiiev arc ape to have their Teeth dropout even in 
 tiicir Youth, in all t)thcr Relpefts they are health- 
 ful, and often live to a great Age, the Plague be- 
 
 fBcydo.t. 
 i (lorham. 
 I Sim. 
 The Defart o^Bmcu^ yjugeln. 
 I Siirtn. 
 j F.b.iida. 
 \,S.iLi.i. 
 
 f Taiz.<tra. 
 \Cif('f.i. 
 Biledulgerid. JCiMunet, 
 jFcz.z,en. 
 C Tcorrcgu, 
 
 . Bi'cara, 
 Borpi, 
 )Nefta. 
 Zcb. S.Techort. 
 
 ' rheot.icha, 
 . Dcufcn, 
 
 CTeiorarin, 
 
 jTtfibit. 
 icgorarni. <j,;,/,,,. 
 
 ^ Bati^orai. 
 
 The Defart of Barca 
 
 lies Eaft of the Kingdom of Ff^ypt, South of the 
 Kuigdom of li.iir.!, >iorth of /^iihiira, and Eaft 
 of the Province of Biledulgerid. It is really a De- 
 fart, being all deep Sand, lirarre any \vhere ha- 
 bitable, for the nioft- part deftitute of Water, and 
 Cduiequcntly producing litile for tlie Support of 
 Human life. A Lake on the North-calt Part of 
 il. has given occafion tofome People to fettle tliere, 
 wnere tliey have two little Towns, or ratiier Vil- 
 las^es, 5;/Monthe Weft, and 6'i)WM/« on theEaft 
 of it, Sarta ftands on another (mailer Pool more 
 
 ing never heard of here in many Ages, and tlic 
 Children always free from the Small Pox. They 
 are a wicked People, Lewd, Treacherous, Rob- 
 bers, C"c. Their common Food is the I-lelh of 
 Oftriches, or Camels, and their Drink Camels 
 Milk and Broth , for they feldom drink Water. 
 Some of them are fo nafty, that they never walh 
 themfelves. The Arabs of N^nmidia are lean and 
 Ihrivell'd , brown of Complexion and a hideous 
 Afpeft,and great Lovers of Oftrich hunting. The 
 better Sort are attended by Blacks, and the reft 
 by their Wives, who look to their Horfes. Some 
 of tliem fend their Children to Scliool, and the 
 greateft Proficients become Cadis or Marabouts^ 
 that is, judges, or Priefts. Others addift them- 
 felves to Trade, and others to Poetry, for which 
 they have no ill Genius. The ArM>s have pofTefs'd 
 themfelves of all thofe Parts, which produce the 
 greateft Plenty of Dates , and the Africans are 
 witlidrawn nearer towards the Country of the 
 Blacks. Some of them are free and wander about 
 the Country, with their Cattel, without owning 
 any Superior ^ others have their particular Xeqnes 
 or Lords, otliers are fubjeft to the Kings of Fez. 
 and Morocco \, for Inftance, as tliofe of the King- 
 dom ot Tujilet and Ij'ata^ and others are under the 
 Turk., who is pofTefs'd of fome Places in Niimidia. 
 They are all Alahometaris. 
 
 This Region is divided into 8 Parts or Provin- 
 ces, which, taking them from Egypt where we 
 left off, and returning Weftward," lie thus, with 
 the Towns in each : 
 
 ^Segehneffa. 
 Tenegiient, 
 Tebuhaz.a>it. 
 SegelmelTa. •{ Mamua. 
 
 i Tcbelbclt. 
 
 I M.iLaliget. 
 
 i^Ahiihinan. 
 
 Tafilet. <TaJiUt. 
 
 Darha. 
 
 TelTet. 
 
 . Darha. 
 
 Benifabid, 
 )Tet.eriu. 
 \1 iu!.eda, 
 iTiiiudin. 
 
 Timefqiiit, 
 
 rTcffet. 
 
 \Nun. 
 
 fMoiiaflerid, 
 
 TargHcz.. 
 
 Anpdim.i. 
 
 Alhaia. 
 
 X 
 
 to the Eaftward, Serdoa is a Caftle, with forae 
 Houfes about it. Ebaida and Sabia, two other 
 inconfiderable Places, none of them worth men- 
 tioning, but that there are none better , and this 
 bH in A Country of feveral Hundred Miles in 
 Compafs. 
 
 » 
 Biledulgerid, properly fo call'd, 
 
 Is the Province which extends it felf in Length 
 along the South-fide of Tripoli and Tmns., which 
 are its Northern Boundaries, as is the Defart of 
 Barca the Eafterni the Province of Zcb the We- 
 
 ftern; 
 
 } ..i; 
 
 it: 4ik- 
 
 IV 
 
 '' Mm 
 
 iiiill 
 
 ri^;i 
 
ip^ ISiVMlDlA or BILEDVLGERIV. 
 
 I' 
 
 fli'rn,;iiid Z.ina or the Dudivt the Southern,about 
 <ioo Miles in length from Eaft to Weft, and loo 
 ill F^icidtl) from North to South. The Groiiiid 
 licars no Coin, hut tliere are vail Woods of Halin- 
 Tnv., 1- odnciim infinite Quantities of Uatt;;;, 
 whii, '" ply all the Coaft of Tunis. The I'riu- 
 cipa) 1 owns in it are, '1'ciiz.ur built by the Roiiims 
 ill the Dc(art, on a fuiall River, now divided into 
 two Parts ^ the one inhabited bv t!ie Native //■ 
 Jiiiwis, and tlie other by yirabs. Cifsi, or Cifrfi, 
 is another /W.w Town, with hii;!i Stjne Wails 
 of a (.'.reat Thit knef-. The Air Iiere is uiiwhol- 
 ibm and tlie Water hot, and borli tliefe Places are 
 Suhiea to the /*<///.; of Tunis. 
 
 1 he other I\<rts of thisComitrv are the Terri- 
 tory ut 7 em-yegit, lyinc; between Tripoli and the 
 I'efart of Ti.in.T, has three finall Towns and ;0 
 Villages •, the Inhal-itants of them all Poor,as ly- 
 iiifi in the Derart,aiid remote from Trade. J.i/ilie>/ 
 is higher towards Tripoli, has abundance of Dates, 
 and is Subjert to tlie />.#( of Tripoli, d.uk/rci. 
 contains iO\ya!rd Places, and to open Villages, 
 the Capital of ilie fame Name, luppo^'d to be the 
 O.ijit of Ptoki/.y, and its Inhabitants wealthy by 
 tlieir Trade in I)ates,and a free People. In Fc^7,i)i 
 there arc 20 fniall Towns and ico N illa).',es. The 
 Inhalifaiitsrich by their Trade with the Blacks, 
 
 Iiave a Lord uf tlieir own. 
 
 Zeb. 
 
 Ihe next l-'roviiicc to the Weftward, bounded 
 on tlie Well by the Deliirt of A/.i:^il.i •, on the 
 Noi t!i hv t!ie Mountai'is of Bin^i.i ^ on tlie Eall by 
 the Province of B;lfr!,:lgerid, and on the Smitli by 
 ilie D^kirts, where is the great Road from Tcchort 
 to (i;:.ir:\.d.i. It lias 5 'towns and many \ illaf,cs, 
 Jiijiar.i built by the Rom.ms., ruiii'd and rebuilt 
 by the Ar.ibs , we.ll enough Inhabited by a civil 
 I'eople, who are oblig'd in tlie Meat of Summer 
 to retire to the \'illages to avoid t!ie Riting of tlie 
 Scorpions, wliich isAiortal,and return in Novem- 
 ber. Borgi is 5 lea2,ues South of tlie laft, and 
 more populous. AV/i".! is divided bv V\'alls into 
 rhree Parts, witli a Port in one of them, wliich 
 ■ppears to be a RoMati Strufture •, the Natives are 
 iiiroieiit to\\ :irds Strangers. Tbcolacha is a foun- 
 (hit'on of the ylfiic.i/is, on a finall River, with a 
 ro'>rWall. Dcujhi h n Roman Stin£iure , near 
 It ,ire tlie Ruins of ancient Monuments, and Ibme- 
 tuncf aftei' f'.reat Rains, there arc (jold. Silver, 
 and C'-'Ppii .Medals found in the fields, with a 
 fkac'jlnknptioiis and Trophies on them. A'fe^z.,ib 
 IS a IVrriiory depending on this I'rovince, in 
 whiJi there are fevcral Villages, and the Natives 
 ;tc ruh by Trading with the Hlact<s. The la ft 
 lies VN'cft of Zcb, and Tcchorr, bv fome call'd a 
 f\!!W('oui,i-^ South. The Capital of the fiime Name, 
 is the lifrdp!:yli'i/iofPtolt)/iy, founded by the A'/i- 
 midii'is on A Mountain, at the I-'aU whereof is a 
 Imalt River, with a Draw-Bridge. The Town has 
 .Stone V\'alis witiiiii which are 250c Houfes of 
 vStone and Brick, and a beautilul Mofque. There 
 are 40 Cai'tles and 150 Villages in the Country, 
 which ail coiiri ibute to the lord of t!ie Town. 
 The IiihabitaiUs are extraijrdinary courteous to 
 Sirangerj and entertain them in their lioufes, 
 without t.ikiii!' any Reward, liii.irfjihi is another 
 feparate Territory of this Province, totheEall- 
 ward of tlk- lalt, its Capital of tlie fame Name, 
 tliought tobe ri'do/iyViiminiijlwit by the y4fri- 
 c.wA Moll 1 1 tlie inhabitants are blackvi^ having 
 
 moft to do with Black Women, vet generous am' 
 courteous to 'Strangers. They have a I orcf of 
 thtir ow ■ ■' — "'- 
 RevemK' 
 
 o Lw 11.111^.1... iiicv nave a lord 
 •n, wlom they honocir as a Kinr, and 
 : rtckoud WMrth 1 50CC0 Ducats a Yeai 
 
 us 
 
 Tegorarin 
 
 Goes on dill to the Weft ward, encompafs'd by 
 y1!,u,icr, Ser,chiH[fti, Zeb and Z.iar.i. It inciiuies 
 about 50 ('aftles and 100 Villages. The 1 and 
 chiefly produces Dates, and {iime Corn with ireicli 
 watering, but teeds luj Cattel except a fi w (-uiits 
 I he People trade much, get Gold from the likuks' 
 and carry it into Ji.irh.irv , carrying back otiier 
 Necelliiries thence to the Hlacks :, benig very lov- 
 ing to Strangers, and induflrioiis in improving 
 their 1 and. Pleili is very fcarce among them, for 
 waiitot Grafs, and therefore they commoulv eat 
 Horfes or Camels, they buy of the Ar.tbs. T(jcbit 
 is a finall Territory depending on this Province 
 ill the Northwelt Part of it, confilting of four 
 Caftles, or fmall Towns and 2S \illages, the 
 Men Black, the Women Brown and iiandfom 
 but all Poor. ' 
 
 Segelmefla. 
 
 This I'rovince is vcr\ targe, including fever.il 
 fmall Territorie?, and extending over a miglirv 
 Trad of I and, from the Kingcloms of /-('.^'and 
 yll.Kicr on the North, to the Defarts of /.%; oti 
 the South i and the Province of Tcc^or.irit, ji, the 
 Eaft, to Aforocco and Tajilct on the VVefi:, being 
 near 500 Miles in Length and 50c in Breadth. It 
 is water'd by three Principal Rivers, tlie 67j;V, 
 the Z(V and the '/'ofrf'./, and takes Napiefnm its 
 Capital City, feated on the V ivev Z^is. It was 
 once great and popalous, but much abandon'd of 
 late Years. .Along the R iver there are abundance 
 of fmall Towns and Village', the three chiefell 
 whereof are Tcwf^^fwr, containing about 1000 Hou- 
 fes, Tibu'i.it^iint and Al.iii:na, a very populous 
 Place. 
 
 Qncncg is a fmall Territory on the North-wed 
 of this Province, next Mount At!. a., and upon the 
 River Z/.C, yet has in it only three old Caftles, 
 and a parcel <'f fcattering N'illages or lone Houfes. 
 yM:n!^ar:t is another Dillrnfi- on the fame River, in 
 which there are feveral Villages, the Chiefof them 
 call'd iJiUl.i-, ihcAriibi.m Lord whereof has a Re- 
 venue of ;ccoo Ducats a Year rais'd by Duties on 
 Goods. The Liberty of Rctcl South of thelaft, 
 on the fime River, is (but in '\aftward by an un- 
 inhabited Mountain, and \\ eftward_ bv a faiidy 
 barren Plain. The Natives area bale Cowardly 
 People, and treated like Slaves by the A,\:l'>. 
 Tcbclbclt is a very poor Town and Country about 
 
 INaUie: 01 ll iVIVLl, UUL Wt lUC V-jUUULI^ UN lH,>t[l 
 
 fides of it, in which there are only tour Town>, 
 fuch as they are, and 10 Villages, fcnul.i, ir- 
 z.cyii], Benifi-iin, Be»i-Bc(Jcri , Giuiheda and i.t[- 
 hi^, are all linall Diftridts that have nothing re- 
 markable. 
 
 Tafilet. 
 
 This Kingdom, bearing the Name of its Capi- 
 tal, is a long Hip ol Land, running North-weft 
 and South eaft,aiid iiKluduig the Province of /«- 
 
 f, the gn 
 
 iboiit ^00 !> 
 !a_rueil:,bnt 
 ofA.'oracco] 
 lies along it! 
 Sdlllh-Weft. 
 
 th' South. 
 
 I he Capi 
 
 ee.Mtains 200 
 
 tiveen this I 
 
 ■\hich runs a 
 
 and hears C 
 
 uf Hates, an 
 
 i'liiih Cattel, 
 
 v.liieh lali ar 
 
 Oats, Bailc 
 
 Inideoflnd 
 
 Silkj, and inc 
 
 come from th 
 
 The Provii 
 
 of /../'>'./ a. lid 
 
 Natives call'd 
 
 who (j- ^.k lie 
 
 are bra ■(.- aiu 
 
 tlici, feed wit! 
 
 !!"e among th 
 
 eip.ilVVea'lrh. 
 
 vl Tijilif, are 
 
 aiidyl/a/tcK, 
 
 Pniices. 
 
 If 
 
 TelF 
 
 lies along th 
 ""ilieNori'licx 
 '""■t of kc^cU ■ 
 
h' 
 
 I'd vi 
 liUK\: 
 
 -Wi.ft 
 
 'on the 
 .il'tlcs 
 
 jLirc>. 
 
 i-cr, ill 
 
 . a Rc- 
 
 Cics on 
 Uilv, 
 ;in un- 
 lancly 
 
 about 
 , Icarcc 
 ,ic» and 
 iiily the 
 both 
 
 rowii>-. 
 
 /.-, T, - 
 id /.,.r 
 
 _.s Capi- 
 th-wal 
 
 NVMIDUot'BILE'DVLGERW. 195 
 
 / the grcareft leiiftth of both to;;ether being jc-vus to ZiWrf, or tlie Defart. It is^cucrallv" 
 ■' -•• • ■ •- •' - ' — t. .. . divided iiitoy Tcriit'iries, or Diftiifts, inhabited 
 
 by asinaiiy Tribes <jf Bertberes or Native Aj'i- 
 cans, tliree on tlic Coafl-, and four up the Inland. 
 The Manliine nvc,Iil.iif//iit;it, the moil Norilicrlv, 
 which is pretty well fili'd witli Dwellings of the 
 Hcrcbnr.', who fiiclore them, aiid Iiave a Sort of 
 Capital of the fame Name is Wall'd, and Torts. Tliey are able t.) raife 50,00 Horfe and 
 ' ' ■■ '' " ' "" 3CC00 Foot, hut this is becaufe ill Time of Need, 
 
 ■■ii||." 
 
 :bont ^011 Miles and the Breadth not 60, where 
 !;triieiV,bnt intuli lels in inanv Parts.TIie Kingdom 
 oiAfoyuno toiifhcs it on the North-weft j^f'^'f/T' 
 hts.ilon^^its North and North eafl, J)i>lhinn the 
 S.iuth-well:, and l^irt of 'fcjfa and ZJura on 
 th ■ Sontli 
 
 Hi- ., 
 
 niitanis iooo lloules, inhabited by Ihrcbacs. Be- 
 tween tins I'l.ite ;iiid the Defart is a f^reat Road, 
 wliidi runs acrof. Mount yitLs. The Soil is billy 
 and bears ("crn, has good I'alhiriand abundance 
 uf Pates, and limie Indi;;o. The Natives breed 
 iniub Cattel, and particularly Camels and I lorfes, 
 wliiih lall are extraordinary fwift, and fal with 
 Oats, Barley and Dates. They drive a threat 
 Irade of Indii^o, and 1 eathcr, bcfides loine iUip'd 
 Silkf, and molt of the Dates brought into i;«>-o;f, 
 come horn thence. 
 
 The I'rovinceof It:t'..i, lying on the Frontiers 
 of /..i'V ' '-'ic^ '' l^enendance of Tiijilci, is by the 
 Natives caird (nii. ■, they beinj^ a mix"d Race, 
 who If 'ak neither s;ood African nor J ibick^hnx. 
 
 wlioin 
 They 
 
 are bra 'e and keep abundance of llorfc!-, wl 
 
 the\ leed with Da 
 
 tur want ■ 
 
 ifBarley. 
 
 live amons^ tlie I'aliii-Treeswhicli are their Prin- 
 cipal Wealth. T 'lis Province, and the Kingdom 
 ot T.ijdt!, are boib Subjeft to the Kings of /ci 
 \mAMo,vtiif who toiiquer'd it from the Native 
 Prmces. 
 
 Darha 
 
 Is one of the beft Parts of NumidiiU focall'd 
 from the River cf the fame Name, which runs 
 through it •, being feparated on the North by 
 Ml uiit /iil.is from tile Kingdom of yl/o^occa-, on 
 the Weft it borders on the I'rovinces of Gci.iiL; 
 &", and part of Tcljci •, on the South it lias ano- 
 ther part of 7 <(/(•/, and on the Ealt 'I'uJiUt. The 
 length of it near ^co Miles. There are many 
 Caitles and waH'd l-'laces in it along the River 
 D.rrh.t. h has a Town ofthc fame Name not very 
 confiderable , no more tliaii tliol'e of Banfibih, 
 Tc^aiK, 'Tji:Lcd.i and li.'iu:l:n, which lall is the 
 bell of .hem, commanded by a Citadel \ but 77- 
 r:cf(ji:a eNcetd^ them all as containing ;coo 1 lou- 
 I'cs within Its Walls, befides 2Co in the Suburbs. 
 Notliing reinams, but t!ie Ruins of7V///f, where 
 the K ing-. oiiie kept their Court. 
 
 Soinc • f the land bears Corn, efpecially when 
 the Ri\.-r U,.; .'.'.j ovi.r-Hows_, but never enough 
 to irain ain the l-'iople, wb.ich obliges them to 
 caii-v their Dates to ffi, to exch.mge for Corn. 
 /Uiiiidaiucof Indigo glows liere, and I'alm-Trees 
 fur toi.r I.e.'.gues about, and they leed their Ca- 
 meUaiid Horles with the woril ot the Dates. 1 lie 
 ,^■.ll are generally tawny, as being mix d with 
 tl e blacks i but the Women are handl'om and ?,ood 
 lutiir'd, attended by BlackSlavts. Their common 
 hjod is Milk boii'd with Barley-meal and Dates, 
 asalioCamels, Horles and Oliriihes Helb •, but 
 they never eat Bread, unlefs at great Feafts. They 
 are for the moll part Subject to the Kingof A/o- 
 vcfto, except ill lome l-'laces, where tlie\ have 
 Lords of their own. 
 
 TelFet, or the farther Sus, 
 
 lies along the Jilirntiik Ocean on the Wefl, 
 on the North extends along A'oivccc, Darl.hi, ana 
 Part of ^cgci//.iji]a , and 011 the Eait and South 
 
 ecauie 111 
 all tlie Men go to the Wars, uiui keep muchCattle 
 and Morfes, becaufe the Land is proper for thein, 
 and produces Wheat and Barley, in lome Place-> 
 as alle) Oranges,! .imons and otiier iuyoptaii Fruits,, 
 I'Jlitci is the next towards tlie South, whole Prin- 
 cipal Town is J'Mijuez., wliere tlie Xcqncot Lord 
 refides. It is all a Rocky Soil, yet bears B.uley, 
 and feeds Flocks of Goats, which are the Princi- 
 pal Wealth of the Inhabitants. Tlie moll remark- 
 able Thing here is Cape N.tm, lo call'd by the 
 l'urtn^M.i'csy\i looking upon it as tlie Ne plm ultra 
 in Navigation, becaufe for many Years their \'oy- 
 ages terminated tiiere, and they bcliev'd it im- 
 pollible to go any farther. To the Southward 
 ilill is Nw.\ a miferable poor Country next the 
 Delart, aiicl iiere is the famous Cape Bujad.ii; fb 
 nam'd fr(jm its running out rar into the Sea, for 
 Boj.ir, in tlie ro,t:!iii,(jc Sea llirafe, is to extend. 
 The only Places licre worth iiaming,are the Towns 
 of A"//;;, Albcii.t and Anjulima. The Arabs here 
 wander up and down tlie Plains, and the Bcre- 
 bcrcs refide in N'alleys or the Hills. 'Itfftt v-. up 
 the Inland, next the Frontiers of Z:ih.mi, the Ca- 
 pital of the fame Name, wall'd and containing 
 4C0 Houfes, with about iicco Icattering Habi- 
 tations round about in the Country, wliichis all 
 Sand, except a few Spots clofe to tlie Town where 
 there are Date Trees, and tiiey low foine Barley 
 and Millet ; lb that t!ie People are all Poor, and 
 employ themlelves in Tillage, (in.idai lies a little 
 to the North-Weft, a fmall Diftria, in all Refpefti 
 like the lall. Ij'nui, or Z^firaii, tonliils of Four 
 little Towns, built by the NHmidians, a league 
 from oneauotlier, near a fmall River, wliich tuns 
 only in Winter. About them are feveral Villages, 
 and great Store of Palm-Trees. Thel'e Places are 
 under a more regular Government, than the reft, 
 becaufe veliuted to by Chriliian Merchants tra- 
 ding to Git.d.U:i and I'un.biit ; whither they carry 
 Linen and Woollen Cloth, and bring back Lea- 
 ther, Wax, Rice, and Sugar. They have a Judge 
 among them, who decides all Controverfies, and 
 Punillies Criminals, but none beyond Banilhment, 
 be their Crime never fo Enormous, for they put 
 no Man to Death, tho' they are all Afuhomctuns. 
 yka or yhch.t, is the moll Inland Part, next to 
 Z-ihitra, where are three wall'd Towns, near one 
 another, oncealinoll depopulated by civil Warsj 
 till a M.ir.ib^iit, or religious Man recoiicil'd them, 
 and became their Lord. 
 
 The Religion of all this Regi<iii of Bilcdidgcrid 
 is M.dioinvt.iH tliroughout,and as for tl, 'ir Hiftory 
 we have nothing of it, whatev.'r lias been known 
 of It being included under the Kingdoms of Bar- 
 b.iry, which have extended their Dominions into 
 thel'e Parts, which of themlelves have not atTorded 
 any Learned Men to record tlieir .■\dlioiis, or per- 
 haps that obfcure People never pertorin'd any 
 thing worth committing to Pofterity. For want 
 whereof, we will here lay fometlung of 
 
 Mount ^i'f/.o , which is one of the greateft in 
 tlie World, both for Height and Extent. It com- 
 mences at Cape Nam or A'mj , on the Aii.imUk 
 
 Uceaii, 
 
 if.* 
 
 ■■-ii" 13 
 
 
 ■\i 
 
 •n 
 
 l|; • % 
 
 r 'I; 
 
1^6 
 
 Z AH ARA 
 
 Ocean, wliicli takes that Name from it. TIkii 
 turning and vvindnig fometimcs to tlu' North, aucl 
 foinctimcj to the Suiiih, and feudinr', out IcvcimI 
 Uranchi.'5 itvims to the Eaftward the whole f'x- 
 lent of y'lffick, in its Way divldin;; all Il.i,l>.i>y 
 from R'.lcrbil!^:rid. CorTiini;to l/^ypi it turns away 
 a<;ain to theScjiiihward, and parts th,it Kin'^dom 
 ixom Niiblt^ and tlicn fontinuing itsCourll- Kail- 
 ward, ends at latl in the Rrd Sea. The Ikis'Jit 
 of it IS gentralK ExcelVi.e and murli above the 
 C-louds, and tho' in To hot a Country, a great 
 I'art is continually tover'd with Snow. I'his 
 
 Name was ftiveii it from AiI.k^ Kinft of M.wrl 
 t.v/i:!, who liv'd at t!ie Foot ; f it, and addicK-! 
 hiinLif much to tlioStudv of Afty.>!n:\-^ kIio, rhj 
 I'oets fiiiV, was turn'd inro ihi, M.iunr.nn hv 
 /Vr/<7/.! wit!i McArj :\ llcii.d. Tlic ^re.ir lKJi.;i, 
 of it j;ave Occalloii to tiio Kahle of Ail.n^ I'l!',, 
 pt.rtini.'. tile Heavens. Tlie //..'/'.(call it /Vdii.n' 
 and the Sp.i'iJiiJs Alt^.m ; c'.'.j/Vj. \\hi.re t'l.' 
 Snow lies not always, there are vail Woods iji^- 
 Habitation of all Sorts of Wild nealU. The lower 
 I'arisan'ord K'""| l^iftnre, aiK!iiian\ conlider,.!i|: 
 Rivers delcend tVom it. 
 
 ) 
 
 -,,C H A P. XI. 
 Of Z A H A R A , or the Defart. 
 
 D^lftendiu;,', ftill Southward and returttinft 
 from the Weft to the Eaft, we meet wit!) 
 tlie Retjioii of Z.ih.ir-.i, lo call'd bv the 
 yt'-.ibi, and lli'jnfyini;, a Defirt, becraife in Effect 
 it is no better. The Ancients knew it by the 
 Name of Lil'y.i lutcri'ir^ or Dcfcrt.i , becaufe re- 
 inotefi from them and defart. Whetiier it Iiad 
 this Denomination, from Lil/y.i, the Dauj^hter of 
 Ep.iphii.t anddrandcli'ild of Jovi, or from the A- 
 r.tbick I.ch,b^\'\'-zy\\'(\ wg excelllve 1 !eat,is not wurtli 
 Difputin_:i, there haw^ foun; to defend botli Opi- 
 nions. 
 
 As to its Bounds, it reaches to tlie Atl.i>itUk 
 Ocean •, on the Kail to ilie Dtlart of B.tn.i and 
 Niihi.i •, on tlie Nortli it joins to /i.-lcJidf^^crid, and 
 on the Simth to A'r:;;v,7. ;/-.'(/, or tlie Country of tlie 
 Blacks. The Soil in general is Dry, Sandy and 
 Barren', the Uncouth Mountains produtini; no- 
 thing but Briers and Brambles, and the moll fruit- 
 ful I'arts imly fome little Barley and Dates. The 
 chief Sulk-nance of tlie Natives depends on their 
 Caimls, tlieir Siicep and Ol'triches. To add to 
 their Milery, they are infelted with Snakes and 
 lofufls, wliich Hying in Clouds, dellroy all tlie 
 little (h-een there is. 
 
 The People are cither Shepherds, whofe chief 
 Bufinefs is Robbing, Murdering and Huiitiiu',, as 
 tliey wander from Place to Place •, or Bere- 
 beres, who have certain Places of Abode and 
 arc aft'able, friendly, jull; in the Way of Trade, 
 and lovers of Strangers. The Men are fpare of 
 
 Body, and generally healthy to 60 Years of Age, 
 tile Air being (o whiillbm, tliat Sick Perfons are 
 brought thither from other Parts to be Cur'd by 
 it. The Women are well-lliap'd, and both Sexes 
 Tawny. The ylr.ibt.m Shepherds go ftark tiaked, 
 except tile ModefterSort, wiio wrap a Clout 
 abouc their Middle, and a kind of Turbant on 
 their Heads made of black Clotli. The ridieft i)f 
 them wear a loole (iarment of blue Callico , 
 brouglit tliem from tlie Country of tiie Blacks, 
 rhey Travel on Camels, lie upon Mats, and co- 
 ver tlieir Tents witii a courle Cloth of CameU 
 Hair. Tlie Willof tlieir Chiefs, isthee>nly law 
 among them ^ their Religion a Corruption of 
 A'Libui,^et:jiii ^ And their Language a Bail)aroUb 
 
 Tlie Aiabs divide this Country into three forts, 
 by thefe Names, Cchcl, whicli is all linall Sand i 
 Z.ih.D.iy ftony j and y}-~.g.ir, Marlliy. The molt 
 receiv'd Divifion among us is into 7 Defarts, un- 
 der wliidi all other fmallcr are comprehended , in 
 
 wliicli tliere being no Towns of any Note, it will 
 be needlels to give a Table, as in otiier Coiimries 
 but bareli, the Names of thofe Delarts •, wlncji' 
 are, Zsiilhi^i, Zuai:.lg:t,Tan,ii, ot H.iyr^ Lcmptj, 
 Bitriloa^ Ciugtij and Uunio, 
 
 Zanhaga 
 
 Extends to the Ocean cm the Weft, lias the 
 J'rovincc of 'T'ffjrf on the North, the Del^irt ol 
 /.I'.Cii-^iv.t on the ['..ill, and tlie Kingdomsof (//.'..•■ 
 /."'» and luinbiit on tiic Smuii. In this (.'oaip.iis 
 are included tlie Imall Delarts of /^c/o/t/ and 7e- 
 g-'^^i'-, the laft of wiiich produces a vaft Qiainity 
 of Rock Salt, convey'd liience all over the ("oiiii- 
 try of the Blacks, and ii>.'cl by the l\-ople to hold 
 in their Mouths to moilicn them and jirelerve 
 their (jiims. This is a vei\ d.mgerous Place to 
 travel thr"Ugli , if the SumuKr prove dry, fir 
 tlien there is neither Water, nor any thing to 
 give the Cattel ■, and in the Territory ^\f A^.to.id 
 are to be feeji tlie lombsof a Rich Merclu'iit and 
 a Carrier, the firft of winch lionght a Draught 
 of V\',iter of the latter for ic 00 Ducats, and\et 
 botli ot themdy'd of Tinrli, before they got out 
 of the i^lart. ('itiesand Towns ot Note \Ne mult 
 look for none in tlitle Uelarts. 
 
 Zueiiziga 
 
 I his ZmiIj.^.i on the VVcft , Sce,c!i/u(IU and Tc- 
 ior,i)i>: on the North, T.trg.ion the Ealt, and the 
 tlie Kingdoms of I'lu/ibiit and Ai^.tdcs on the South, 
 and includes the leder Deliirt of Ooi^tla.'. This 
 Country, tho' more dry and barren than the kift, 
 has many Inliabitants ^ andis the Thoroughfare 
 of theM.rchaiits, who go from Trciniccn to tlie 
 Kingdoms of Tninbitt aiicl yliuuks with great Dan 
 ger of their Lives, many Men and Bealls d\iu:j 
 by tlie Way, particularly in the Diitrict of(,„, - 
 doi^ for want of Meat and Drink, there being no 
 Water for Nine Days Journey, unlels it Rain and 
 make Ibme Pools, and thole too foon dry \\\\ 
 The Inhabitants are mix'd Afiidius and .■/;..•/;., 
 tlie latter dreaded by the Blacks, whom the') take 
 by Force and fell them to t-'c-^, but if thole B'ck^ 
 ever light on them, the higgelt Piece they leaveot 
 their wliok Body is an F.ar. 
 
 Targa, or Hayr, 
 
 Is the next Defart Eaftwards to Zncnt'.s'U I'' 
 call'd from a Race of Airkiui bearing tiie Name; 
 
NVBIA 
 
 191 
 
 of 'I'.irf^t, .T.'J f /.'}'■, from tlio Piinripiil llibitii- 
 lioii ill ir. TliihCiutitrv is not fo Dry and B;ir- 
 rt-ii a<. lli." tvoUift, but has many I'^oncl Wtlli vf 
 VVatrr, tlio" mTfrally deep-, tlic Air is more tcm- 
 pefiite and tli- Land pifKliuos (jrafs. Much M.in- 
 11:1 is here I'Jiind towards the l-rontiersof A^itdez., 
 which is carriL-d thitlier to Sell, frclli nather'd, in 
 f.ilaballits, and Told verv riicap. Tlie P,lHcks 
 drink it (li(rol7'd ni tlicir Water and drefs tlieir 
 Melt with it , aiUdiiiiis; that it is Cooliiii;; and 
 VVholcfom,and iIuTetorc Strangers aremorehcal- 
 thy there than at 7o/n/»«f, tho' the Air is not to 
 good, l-'oth xViAnibs and Ikrcbna deal ninth in 
 currying blacks to B:trbary to Sell. 
 
 Lempta, or Yi'^uidi, 
 Comes next in Courfe, as lyin^; Eafl: of Tarf^.ty 
 a Miferable I'lacr, and very Dani'.erons for Mer- 
 chants who travel tlirouiJ.h .t from ConlLimmu to 
 the Country of the Blacks, bein^ iniiabitcd by 
 fierce and brutal Africins, who rob all tliiy meet 
 witli, and kill all tiiat are of (innyntLi, becaufe 
 they lay (ome Claiin to tliat Province, and tliere- 
 fore are alwiys at War with thole that t'offels it. 
 
 Dcrdoa 
 
 I ics Eaft of Leinpt /, and North of /iomo. South 
 ot Kthdi'.lgcnd^ properly fo call'd, and Welt of 
 C.inrji. It is as Barren and Dry as any of the 
 Reli, and very iinlafc for Travellers, except they 
 be ot Uadcmes in lUlcdnlgend , witli whpm they 
 ■ire ally'd. T!iis is perhaps tlie Delart of the An- 
 cient Aiigdci ineiition'd by Pornpoiiiiu Akltt, Some 
 Dates grow about i'licli Places as are Inhabited 
 and have any Water, and here ire rcckon'd to be 
 tlirce little wall'd Towns and fome Villages. 
 
 Borno 
 Is Soutli of Bodo.t, and not to be reckori'd a- 
 tnoiig the Delarts, being a Kingdom, and water'd 
 
 by fome i;ood Rivers defceiuling from the Moun- 
 tains, which render it capable of bearinc Corn 
 and feveral forts of Pruit, efpecially in tne Mid- 
 dle Part , as being remoter from the Defarts. 
 Upon one of thefe Rivers Hands the Capital of 
 the Kingdom of the fame Name, a Place not con- 
 temptible and reforted to from the neighbouring 
 Countries. The King here is Ablolute, as in all 
 Eallern Countries:, his People, being fome black, 
 (bmc white, are civilii'd and drive fome Trade -, 
 but their Women and Children arc ftill in com- 
 mon, for they hive fcarceany Religion, like the 
 Ancient O'jr.mi.intcs, of whom it is doubtlefs they 
 ;'i"e A Part. 
 
 Gaoga, 
 
 Another Kingdom , North-eaft of Bono , and 
 parted from it ny Defarts, is alio mditferentiy 
 iiipply'd with Water from ibmc Rivers, and the 
 1 and not altogether unfruitful. The King here 
 is faid to be del'cended from a Black Slave, who 
 after u.uring his Mafter's Effefts, bought Horfes 
 and fell to Robbing, till being grown Powerful, 
 he made himlelf a Sovereign. Some of his Subjefts 
 are Chnftians, but extremely ignorant and much 
 corrupted for want of good IniVrudtions. 
 
 <' 'I the People of Zabara are generally abfle- 
 miousand patient of Hunger and Thirft,being us'd 
 to endure Hardlhips in a Country where Ibme- 
 times in 8. lO, or izdays Journey, there is no 
 Water to be found. SanJ'on is of Opinion that the 
 People of the three or four firft Delarts here men- 
 tion d towards i!;; Sea, are the Ancient 6Vf;r/( -, 
 and the three or four laft the Caramantes. The 
 Religion of all thefe Countries is generally the 
 Mahometan, except what little of Cnrillianity is 
 faid to remain in Gaogct and Borno. Hiftory of 
 thefe Parts there is none. 
 
 li-'lfj 
 
 ' "' ij 
 
 > '\ ill 
 
 ^M 
 
 CHAP. XII. 
 The Kingaom of N U B I A, 
 
 BY tlie Africans call'd NeHbe, from an An- 
 cient People in thel'e Parts formerly known 
 by the Name of Nitkt, and mention'd by 
 Ptjlcmy, I.ies V-'Qi\ of Citop-i, and Borno, laft 
 mention'd, r.nd feparatcd from them by vail De- 
 I irtp, On the North it Borders on the Defart of 
 I'n-ci and tcyptJ'Torn which 'tis feparated by high 
 iMumitaMis^ Eartward •, and to the South, it is 
 parted from -A'^thicpi.i by the River AV/c, and a 
 Kidi^e of Mountains, .iiid the Defart oi Uorham. 
 The Pofirion is between 30 and 23 Degrees of 
 latitude, and between 38 and 52 of Longitude, 
 the Form being Oblong, and lyiivi} North and tail 
 and Soiuh-well. 
 
 The principal Rivers are the KUe, the Nubia, 
 and tlie i',).; ■, tlicfe two lail fall into the firft. 
 Of theli the J^'uMa is deeper tha^i tiic iV/Vc, and 
 l<) fatal to tlie Crocodiles, that they certainly die 
 ill a very few fjays after they come intait. All 
 ili;it Part of tlieCoantry which is any thing near 
 the A'//c isoverllow'd by it, as well as tgypt, and 
 I'V tl'.at Means reiider'cl no lels fertile in Grain 
 >(iid I'alhire, as is moft of the Soil about the other 
 Hiversj but towards the South and Weft, where 
 
 they do not reach it is moft Barren md Defart. 
 Befides the Corn , here grows much Sugar, yet 
 not of any great Value, as being generally black, 
 and of an unpleafant Savour. Other Commodi- 
 ties it affords are, a confiderable Quantity of very 
 fine Gold, Musk, Sanders and Ivory, as having 
 many Elephants. But the moft Mifchievous of its 
 Produftisa Deadly Poifon, fold for an Hundred 
 Ducats an Ounce, and fo fatal, that the loth part 
 of a Grain fills a Man in a Quarter of an Hour 5 
 and this is a fmall Seed gather'd from the Top of 
 an Herb, not unlike a Nettle. 
 
 There are in Nubia gieat Numbers of Lionsy 
 Tigers, Crocodiles, and Camels. Great Care ii 
 taken in breeding up thafe laft, as being of ex- 
 cellent life. The Female goes Eleven Months with 
 Young, and as foon as they fall, that they may 
 learn to Kneel, to receive their Burden, they bovf 
 their fore Legs under their Belly, and lay weight 
 on the Back that it may not rife. Thus they 
 keep it feveral Days, with very little Milk, that 
 it may learn to drink little. This Praftice brings 
 them to Kneel, when they are to be loaded and 
 to live feveral Days without Water, which is of 
 F f f great 
 
 
 mw 
 
 1 'I ii, 
 
 I 
 
 WM\ 
 
f 
 
 198 
 
 A'BYSSINIA or 
 
 urcit life in tlic DirHirt^;, where none is to be 
 fo'iiid. Soiiu'tiinis tlicv imc Uarle\ .nid fomctiines 
 Giafs. TIk- i;i'in;r;il Hiirdcn of a Ciimcl is 500 
 \V'ci3,Iit , but tiny \vill rarrv icoo f.)r a need. 
 Tlie'Cimd's Milk is reckon 'd an tX'A-lltrnt Ke- 
 mcdv a^ainft the Oropfv. The Dromedaries, are 
 miirh 11,'d to Ride on, and fo fwift that they will 
 Travel above 100 Miles a Day. 
 
 The Natives livin;; in Towns arc Traders, thofe 
 in tlie (Aiunrry Mnsbandmen. All of tliem are 
 verv black, fmall of Stature, and for tlieinoll part 
 much dcform'd by the Small Vok . wliith they 
 often Iiave two or three Times. 1 he better Sort 
 wear fine I inen,and the I'oorer a courier Sorf,but 
 durinR the liot Seafon they are quite Naked, ex- 
 cept their Privities. They are brave enough, but 
 fieneially better a llorlebaik than a fwt, lyniR 
 very clofe when tiiey ride to the Horfe's Neck. 
 Snice they have taken to Poifoning their Arrows, 
 the Turks do not tare to Attack them. Their 
 Language ii peculiar M the Country. AsforKe- 
 litjion they were Chrirtians, foon after the hrit 
 preathinc of the Ciofpel, and fo continued a long 
 Time without dcviatinji. Ot later Times Alihu- 
 iiietMiifm is crept in amonj; them, cfpecially in the 
 Parts next to F.f^'pt i \ei it does not prevail, Chri- 
 llianitv iViW being the moft receiv'd , but that 
 through lanorance, and for wantol able Inftru 
 fters mucYi corrupted ■, liowever that tliey pio- 
 
 kC^ to the bcft of tlieir KnowK:,-!^?, r.nd .ickucuV- 
 Kdne the I'atnarcii ol' i^trx.infi.- .1 (t\{ the II.Md 
 of the rhunli. Tliey have a Kin^ of thur uwn, 
 whofe I'owcr i* abfoUite, and Ins VVi!| :ili tlic 
 law, independent of any otlier, and \et 'If 
 7'/</<: lias the N'anity to mention Inm amont' \\U 
 Suhjeits. 
 
 The Capital City is Dmc.il.i^ formerly T»mp. 
 //, feated on the AV/r next the Frontiers of ./f:- 
 tuiopiii, containing locjoo lloules, hut tlie Huikl 
 ini;s mean, hawg inoft Timber and .Mud V^',^ll5. 
 Tlie next is Snl.i, to tlie Southward of the laii 
 and oil the fame River, and then Curium the 
 moll Southerly of all, and bevoiid it is the De- 
 fart wliich takes Name from it. A';ii;,;, which 
 fome will have to be the MettofoUs of lSI,il)i,i 
 itands to the North Well of Danv.il.iow a Bow 
 the Nile makes there, and oppofite to it is (in- 
 aha, a fmaller Hlace. J.iLic ib llill nearer to the 
 Frontiers of lifypt. Tiimdmjt is the Principal 
 Town Wellward on thi- River 5/>.i, and D.im.t- 
 clit and Dor.t tlic chiefeft in Nubi* to the 
 Southward. Near the fonrn- of thefe two begins 
 the DefartofXw, extending between it aiut the 
 Sii\i and the Kini^domof Z?i/>7/n. In tiiis Kiiia 
 dom are Hill to be feen the Ruins of above 150 
 ancieiu Chrillian Churches, with the Images oi 
 our Blelfed Saviour, tlic \'irgiii /'/.»j', and many 
 other Saints carv'd on the Stones. 
 
 CHAP. XIII. 
 Of Abyflinia, or the Upper i£thiopia. 
 
 WE Ihalt not extend this Country 14 De- 
 grees beyond the Line, as many Geo- 
 graphers do, but give its true Bounds 
 and Provinces, as deliver'd by the Jejiiits, who 
 travell'd all over them. Ow the North it runs 
 along E^ypt, the Defart ot B.irc.i, and part of 
 Niibia ; on the Weft , the River Mdig, which 
 falls Mito the Nile is its Boundary, with lome 
 De farts in the South Part where this River fails i 
 the Eaft fide is Ihut in by the Coaft of v4k.v. 
 which was once ''abieft to it, but now loft and 
 makes a Province apart •, and the South reaches 
 to that we now call the Empire of Momerm- 
 g/'j of which we Ihall fpeak in its Place. Thus 
 
 the whole Length from North to South is but 9 
 Degrees at molt, or 540 Miles, and the Bre.idth 
 from Eaft to Weft about 400 Miles. 
 
 The moft receiv'd Divifion is this which fol- 
 lows, with the Towns to each Kingdom or Pro- 
 vince, there being many other futiUer Terri- 
 tories mention'd in Authors.which do not deferve 
 any particular mention, wme of them being 
 only parts of thofe fet down, and others ima- 
 ginary, befides fome fo call'd from Strangers 
 that have come to inhabi . them from abroad , and 
 in ftiort, to take notice of all that Authors write 
 touching this Empire, would be endlefs, what 
 can be deliver'd with any certainty, is as follovrs. 
 
 r Baroa. 
 BarnagafTo. <^^^^^ 
 
 Tigremahon. 
 
 Bagamcdri. 
 
 ^Tigre. 
 
 \'~haxnmo. 
 
 ^rtmofia, 
 
 fManaitla. 
 
 'ylmbacanet. 
 t Bagamedrit 
 jAlaz.it, 
 Kpogora. 
 //iuigit. 
 ^Mtfhada, 
 
 Angole. 
 
 / Angole. 
 \Doj'ari.o. 
 S Korkora, 
 \,Bugana. 
 
 fDembea. 
 
 j Fogora, 
 
 I Corgona, 
 
 Dambea, < 4^^;?^- 
 Arfana. 
 
 Gerieta, 
 
 Dtpftin, 
 
 S'Goia, 
 
 STriebelfa. 
 Cafates, 
 Tavii. 
 Mordnmi, 
 
 Amahara./y4te/. 
 
 Xaoa. S Korkora. 
 
 Damut. < Damut. 
 
 Fafcalo. KFafcalo. 
 
 Fat igora. ■^— — — — " 
 . Zitflan. 
 
 Narea. <tZm'. 
 CGovI. 
 
 Is RfPcrall 
 ty It be but 
 under a fepa 
 s, I ord rjf 
 extended to t 
 fo tlie f'ront 
 
 Co.lll of yU, 
 
 parts it from 
 iiom Niiii.i. 
 F. I'fllci. d 
 C/«>/,;, Dajtl 
 wr may add i 
 VaxX. among 1 
 Jiiy rotifideral 
 ihcrtfi)rc be 
 fhein. The cl 
 I'lrmerly ofn>i 
 Mailers of th 
 lince then very 
 to the North 
 next tlie South 
 pos'd to have f 
 Queen Candace 
 
 Is the next, 
 
 theSoiuhwan', 
 
 bi.'i.n fail,', ii ' 
 
 oil the Weft it 
 
 '■'■•, .Southwar 
 
 lutheCixift (,r 
 
 Capital of this 
 
 but on the Nor 
 
 K.i\ini:e, fuppo 
 
 and the Axum, 
 
 ly fimous, now 
 
 iiie Crown'd th 
 
 Plain, water'd 
 
 tlie midft of th 
 
 kli Hill, foca 
 
 Billiop in nyF.thi 
 
 "'jiluits when 1 1 
 
 .iml there they 
 
 Dav's Journey . 
 
 imhipon the So 
 
 •vird of Cujxii 
 
 two famous iMo 
 
 Mll'd AUclH],7h, 
 
 "i:ce the -yejii.rs 
 
 BarnagafTo 
 
i« 
 
 fol- 
 
 Pro; 
 
 Tcrri- 
 
 ifcrvC 
 
 being 
 
 iuu- 
 
 raiigcrs 
 
 ' ,;urJ 
 
 thcVppcr JET MIOPIA. 
 
 BarnaRalTo 
 
 Is (!;fncra1lv rcckou'd a Kin^d<im, tho' in reali- 
 ty It be but a part of that of Tip/e, only it is 
 iiiidcr a fcparatcGuvcnioiir call'd /)./>«.'>!«i, that 
 n, lord of tin; Sea, bccaiifo formerly his RuL" 
 extended to tlie Sealide. It reaehcs Northward 
 ro tlie Frontiers of tcypt, on the Fall to the 
 Co.irt of y/ic.v, (1) the South the Kiver /1/<i>-.ifr 
 parts it from ligre, and on the Well the Nik 
 linm l^iilia, 
 
 /•'. 7f//(i, divides this into three Diflrifts, viz. 
 Cmjilit, PajtI.i, and li.vo.i ', Debat-oa. to which 
 wf mav add B.itr ii.t>i:i^ being the inolt Northern 
 Purt amonR the Mountains. We fliall not find 
 anv foiifiderablc Cities in all Abyfmia, andlliall 
 therefore be tlk' iV.nrter in the Defcription of 
 them. The chiefell in this I'art of it is£.«o.;, 
 formerly of foine Note,w!ien tliei/if^/op/./w; were 
 Mailers of the I'ort of Aqmco on the Red Sea, 
 fincethen very iiici'infidtralile. Next h Em.icen, 
 to the Northward, and then ^aina and /iamn, 
 next tlieSouthern [borders. In this Part is fup- 
 pos'd to have been the Kingdom of the ancient 
 Queen C(W.3fr, nention'd yitti 8, and 27. 
 
 Tigre, or Tigremafion, 
 
 Is the next, or rather the fame Kingdom to 
 theSoiuhwan', (epjrated from the lalV, as has 
 Kin fai' 1 the Nortli by the River Mamb ■■, 
 oil the Weil it borders on Damhea and B.igci/ne' 
 .■I'i •, Southward it joins to yingolc, and Eallward 
 totheCoad of j-lbcx. Tigre^ or Ani.cii^ is the 
 Capital of this Kingdom, no way remarkable, 
 but on the Northern 13orders ftands chaxnmo^ or 
 K.ixiiii:o, fupnofed to be tlie j4iixmion of Ptolemy, 
 and the Axnmitcs oi AruWiOt AnxHm.t^ioxmtx- 
 ly famous, now all Rums, ye' 'h^ Emperours 
 iiic Crown'd there, and it is feated in apleafant 
 Plain, water'd by feveral Rivulets. Almoft in 
 the midit of tliis Country {lands t'remon.i^ on a 
 hifji Hill, focaird from.V. fremoHntiiu, the firil 
 fiilliop in ^Etbinpia^imi tlie ufual refideiiceof the 
 '■.Unit! when they were admitted to the Million, 
 ..11(1 there they built &C\\mc\\.yin.bacanct is but a 
 Day's Journey from trcmotiHi and M.ithtdcLi lies 
 JHlhipon the Southern Frontiers. To the North- 
 •vird of Ctjjxiitno, abovc-inention'd , there are 
 iivo famous Monafleries, the greatell of them 
 call'd Allcluj.7h, the other Abbii!,iir:iui^ where 
 ')i;ce the 'Jtjhts refided. 
 
 Uagamedri, 
 
 A Kins'.doni csteiidcd mi'Ji in length, lies 
 Soiitli Well oi'Iigrc^ from wliich and Aii^ok-'xt 
 15 pal teu on the Eall by Mountains, on the Well 
 hy i!ie xV;7(f,by doy.imc on the North, from D:iii,- 
 i'i.:bv the Lake of that Kaine, and Mountains, 
 :'iid on the South it borders on Amharu. On the 
 till iide of it arc tlie greateft Mountains and 
 Kocks, where part of the Nation call'd y^^^- 
 Htmain inhabit. 
 
 The Capital, of the fame Name, is feated in a 
 (Itiigliiful Plain, on the Banks of the River S:i- 
 1".', and btais the Name of a Royal Town, be- 
 fiaie the \ iceidy of Tiirc receives a fecond 
 Cruwn, having one before 111 the Place where his 
 Einploymeiit \v;is conferr'd on him. Jlubu is a 
 IxiiU Town, near to which there is a Bridge o- 
 
 199 
 
 ver the NUt •, Fo^ora another no more condde- 
 rable, ij next the Frontiers of (Toy.ime. Az-uga 
 is in the Northern Part,oii the River Abattcji.,A\\A 
 Mo,:hada, South from that, on a Imailer Stream. 
 
 Angolc. 
 
 This Kingdom has been wrefled from that 
 Empire by the barbarous 6'.i/.», who broke in 
 from the Southern Parts, and made themfelvcs 
 Mailers of many c^thioplan Provinces. It lies 
 Eafl of Sagamedri, joins Northward with Tigre, 
 Eallward with D.vikuli, and on the South the 
 Kingdom ot AmiliJi.t. The Capital here bears 
 the fame Name with the Kingdom •, Doj'a>z.o, not 
 far from the Frontiers of Tigre is reckon'd to 
 contain \cxx> Houfes^ Korkorais not fo confi- 
 derable. Bugmn or Abupamt on the Weft was 
 once famous for a good Church in it, call'd Im- 
 bre Chriflesy befidcs feveral others of lefs Note. 
 
 Dambea, or Dembea, 
 
 Has thcRivei ;..-,? to part it on the Ead 
 f\o\nl igtc -J fume AK.-itains on the Weft •, Se/t 
 and Oi^.tra are on th ■ North, and B^tgimtdrp on 
 the South. Sever l Trenches drawn from the 
 Nile run cr<'' u, and in the midll is a great 
 Lake, call" ' thr-Deinbea, that is. The Sea of 
 Dembe.t. lue Capit'l cailu alfo Dembci^ or 
 Z.i»:be,i, is generally ilie Refidence of the Em- 
 ^crout(i-omNii-,rnibc> t\\\ Fa/icr, for the reft of 
 the Yeai he liv .^ in ihc Field. About this there 
 are feveral fuiall Towns, as Arfana, Ciogn.^ Pno^o- 
 ra, Aftit!, UMictitj And Gcrgotiii. This Country 
 is for the moll part level , and often over- 
 flown by the Lakes and Rivers, wliith is rare 
 in other Parts of tAithiopia. Corgotia above-na- 
 med, is 3 Miles from the ancient lov/nofthat 
 Name, being the Center of D.imbci, and was 
 once the Refidence of the Jefiiits to be near the 
 Emperour, and here they built a Church and 
 Seininarv. About 50 Miles from itiiOamtade 
 Jcfiis, that is, the Paradile of yESVS, feated 
 on a low Ground, which is rare in this Empire, 
 plentifully ilipply'd with Water, and in it a 
 Churcli, where the Emperours have been buried 
 for ibme Ages. Here t. I'm:, built a Church 
 and a Palace for the Emperour after the Eurtpe- 
 nn manner. Dep\.m ftands on a Hill, ? Miles 
 from the Lake of Dembea, where the Emprefs 
 us'd to refide i apleafant Place, water d by two 
 Rivers which join there-, the Air ferene and 
 ■wholefome. 
 
 Mount D.wCiUion is on the utmoft Part of 
 Dembci, and on the top of it a Plain, where 
 the Emperour continued a long time with all his 
 Court, and there was built a Houfe after the 
 manner of Europe for the Patriarch, and another 
 for the jcjnits. There was befides, an old Church 
 call'd Cah.bi'iriet, and 9000 Huts built of Stone, 
 and cover'd with Thatch, for the Soldiers. Op- 
 oolite to it is another Mountain extraordinary 
 '^•ep, whither the Natives ufe to Hy when at- 
 tack'd by their Enemies, and on the baft Side of 
 it isthe Mouailery of the Abbot Enfi.uhiiis. 
 
 The Illand /l-'.Tf'fti, or yl'/artofcj is another 
 fafe Place of Retreat for the Natives, and in it 
 the famous Monaftery of the Abbot Hjymort. The 
 Lake of Dumbea is very large, and contains fe; 
 vcralUlands, with Monaftenes in fome of them. 
 The Nil( rrms trofs a part of it williout mixing 
 F f f 2 its 
 
 -a 
 
 H'^K 
 
 
 m 
 
 n 
 
 '■A 
 
200 
 
 J'BrSSIN lA or 
 
 
 w 
 
 its Waters. In it there are River Horfes, bit 
 no Crocodiles. In thelfland Dec on this Lake, 
 the Patriarch Mendez. baptix'd 1400 ChiUlrcii, 
 and 1340 F. -fens of riper Age. 
 
 Goyame. 
 
 This Kingdom is South of Ddmhca, the Figure 
 of it almolt Oval, and a Fenindila made by the 
 iV7/f running alnioil round it, the middle of it 
 higher than the extreme fides, partly inhabited 
 by a Race of i'eople defcendcd from Hagar, next 
 the Springs of the River Nile •, at the Neck 
 or ifthmus is averylleepand almoft inacceflible 
 Mountain, and on the top of it an oval Plain 
 250 Fathom in Length, and 130 in Breadth, to 
 wl)icli there arc two Paths or Afcentsacrofsthe 
 Rorks, and an excellent Spring on one fide. To- 
 wards the Nik chere is a Plain feparated from 
 the foot of this Mountain by a natural Trench, 
 where the \'iceroy livcj. Nebifj't is a remarka- 
 ble Town Iiere, in which the Emprefs Helena, 
 Governefs to the Emperor D.tviA, ercflcd a (late- 
 ly Church, afterwards deftroy'd by X.\k Galas, 
 and rebuilt by the yefuits refidint^ there, they ha- 
 ving had feveral places of Abode in this King- 
 dom. On the North there is norlnng but De- 
 fart Mountains-, but liime fay 'tis inhabited by 
 Jews. Other Towns here, are Cafaies, Tavia, 
 and Maraiima. This Kingdom TeHcz. will have 
 to be the Meroe of the Ancients. 
 
 Amahara 
 
 Borders Northward on Bt^aweJn' and j4?ie,ole, 
 Welhvard on Gey.ime, Eaftward on the i^rovin- 
 ces of Dankali, and Southward on Oleka and 
 Xan.i. The Rock' are here more fteep and inac- 
 ceflible than in otiicr Parts:, but the moft noted 
 of them, call'd Ambiqiiexeti and not jimahara, 
 as fome Authors pretend, is towards the Fron- 
 tiers of AV//;,7, only acceflible by two narrow and 
 difficult Paths, and here formerly the Emperour's 
 Sons were kept, to prevent their raifing any 
 Commotions, which is now no longer us'd. The 
 V^oiikTahai At.iria ii alfo remarkable, ftanding 
 where tlie River Quea falls into the Nile, has a 
 curious Plain on the top,water'd by two Rivulets, 
 and endos'd by a Ridge of Mountains, with 12 
 Paffages through it, like fo many Gates. On it 
 are feven Churches, the chiefeft of the Invocati- 
 on of S. John, and in it five Tombs of former Ein- 
 xrours buncd there. The moft remarkable 
 n in this Kingdom la call'd yi^c/. 
 
 Xaoa, 
 
 Divided into tlie Upper and the Lower, lies 
 South of Amahara, Eail of Gafata, North of Ux- 
 tlo and Gmtti, anJ VVcft of Oiface, It is the 
 lall Kingdom this way that now owns the Em- 
 perotir ol yihy^inia. Here are feveral Towns, 
 out fcarce any of Note, unleis it be Kerkora. 
 where there is a Palace of the Emperor'^, a good 
 Church, and a rich Monailery, cail'd Nai^areth. 
 
 Damut 
 
 Borders Northwards on Gafatc, Southward 
 on Oi!ras,ite, Eaftward on O'iWfc, andWellward 
 on Niiyea and Bii.ai/10. In it is tliat they call 
 the D&id Moant:iin, the higheft and coldeft in 
 
 ? 
 
 all Abyfflnia, to which the Emperour fends thofe 
 he has a Mind to be rid of, where thev arefoon 
 ftarv'd with Hunger and Cold. In tliis Kini'- 
 dom the Jefuits had two Refidences. Of tlie 
 Towns here there is very little to be faid, except 
 that the Capital is of the fame Name of the 
 Kingdom. 
 
 Fafcalo, 
 
 An Inland Weftern Kingdom, has the River 
 Nile on the Eaft, the Maleg on the Weft, Nubia 
 on the Nortli, and Bij.amo on the South. The 
 Metropolis bears the fame Name, the Country 
 is very mountainous and uneven, but about the 
 Nile there are ple.ifant and fruitful Valleys 
 which is the moft we know of this Country. ' 
 
 Fategar 
 
 Is a fmall Kingdom bordering upon B.illi Oi- 
 fate, O.vi7o, and Gtmira, what it may have been 
 formerly does not appear, at prcfent there is 
 nothing in it remarkable, except that they call, 
 The Mountain of the Fever, near a Place the F.ii- 
 ropea/is nam'd the Market, becaufe thither the 
 Merchants of thofe Neighbouring Kingdoms re- 
 fort to Trade, there being a very narrow Way 
 to it on each tide. There ;s another, call'd, The 
 Mountain of the Lake, becaufe at the Ftwt of it 
 is a Lake three Leagues in Compafs, and about 
 it many Monaftcries and Churches. 
 
 Narea, orNerea, 
 
 One of the largeft of all the Kingdoms in A- 
 b\ffinia, and the moft Southern, extending to 8 
 Degrees of North Latitude, has the Kingdom of 
 Giimro on the Soutl., 6'«»-i»^/(f and D.inmt on the 
 Eaft, Biz.amo on the North, and the Defarts on 
 the Weft. This Kingdom produces great Plenty 
 of Gold, and has ever been faithful to the Em- 
 perour, tho' often attack'd by theO'i/,;/. It had 
 once a King of its own, and the Natives are 
 counted tlie beft People in all the Empire, as 
 being finc';re [and juft, which the others are not. 
 
 Thefe are the true Parts of the Ab\fme Em- 
 pire, which we may rely on , as being thus de- 
 fcrib'd by the Jejmts who travell'd the greateft 
 part of it, whom we rather chofc to follow, than 
 Geographers who fit at home and make Maps ac^- 
 cording to their Fanfie, or LWu/pW, who knew 
 nothing but by hearfay from an AhyUinim he 
 talk'd with, and a Man that had no knowlecl-;e 
 of Geography, for this reafon we omit manj^ 
 Names of Provinces and Kingdoms, fome of them 
 imaginary, others only Parts of thofe here dc- 
 fcrib'd, which if infected, would rather ferve 
 to confound than inform the Reader, 
 
 Having had occafion fometimes to mention the 
 Galas^ it will not be amifs to inform the Rea- 
 der that they are a People fuppos'd to be defcend- 
 cd from the Jews, who w.ixiring in their t'eve- 
 ral Difperfioiis under 5<»/w»«.j/.jr, Nebiiihadr:et- 
 7.ar,sin(iritns, at lall I'ettled near the Kingdon 
 of Dunkali, on the Weftern Part of AbyJ/miu, 
 and are become the moft dangerous Enemies that 
 Emperour lias, h|iving \vrefted from him a con- 
 fiderable Part of his Emp 're. The y/.,./;, ano- 
 ther Nation, were not long fince Pagans, but 
 many afterwards were converted by the )ej'mt>. 
 At their firft coming into the Cumtry, tli: Em- 
 
 pcv 
 
the Vpper yETHlOT I J. 
 
 26 1 
 
 pcroiir affign'd one part of them Lands next the 
 fource of Nile, and the others among the Moun- 
 tains of Bagitinedri^ where they are ftill become 
 troubkfome and apt to ftir up others to Rebellion. 
 Having defcrib'd every Province in particular, 
 it is time to add what may be requifite of the 
 whole Country in general. Pliny fays it was firft 
 caU'd t/£theria and j4tLtntia^ and afterwards by 
 the Grecians tySthiopia, from their Verb Jiitho 
 to Rum, and Ops a Countenance, alluding to 
 the black fcorch'd Countenances of the Natives. 
 The Name of Aby'/mia fome derive from the 
 jibafeni, or u4b)fmi, a People of Arabia Felix, 
 who croflint^the Red Sea, fettled there. F. Men- 
 dcz. from Strabo, fays it is fo call'd from v4- 
 bajfcs, fignifying Defarts in the Egyptian Tongue, 
 becaufe it is encompaffed by them. The Scri- 
 ptuie calls it Ludim, from Liid the Son of Mix.- 
 raim, wh", firft planted it. 
 
 The principal Rivers oiAbyfinta. i.The Nile, 
 whole Original fo carefully fearth'd for, and fo 
 utterly unknown to the Ancients, is now found 
 by the Jefiiits to be two fmall Springs in the 
 Weft pare of the Kingdom of Goyame, where the 
 People call'd A/^aus inhabit. Thefe two Springs 
 run feparare about a Musket Shot, ana then 
 join, then having run about ij leagues, it re- 
 ceives the Gema, foon after which it turns to the 
 Eaft', then to the Southward, running acrofs the 
 Lake of Dembea without mixing its Waters, 
 thence theCourfeis South Eaft along the King- 
 doms of Beg.imeder, Amora, and Oleia, then 
 again it winds to the Weft, and laftly to the 
 North, fo that it makes an Oval Peninfula, 
 rot above a Da\'s Journey over at the Ifth- 
 mus. After this it continues its Courfe , tho' 
 with many great windings to the North , 
 till it comes into Fgypt , and thence into the 
 Mediterrnnccin. The Catarafts of Nile are migh- 
 ty full of the Water from high Rocks into the 
 Bottoms, with a dreadful Noil'e. i. The Tacaz.ey 
 fuppos'd to be the Aflaboras of Ptolemy, riling in 
 Ai'f^ole, and after great Windings, firft Eaft and 
 then North, then Weft, and then North again, 
 pays Tribute to the Nile. 3. The Aiarab comes 
 from tlie Coaft of Abcx. and runs moft North 
 Wtft, through Tigre ano other Northern Pro- 
 vinces into liicaz.e, 4. The Alatrg rifes in Da- 
 vnit , and after a Courfe of fome Leagues to the 
 Wcftward, turns Northward in l-Lire.t, waters 
 Briz.iinw and Fajcalo W cftward of the Nile, and 
 laftly loles it fell in that River.^.T he Haoaxe comes 
 from y/.'d, and paftes through tatcgar and BMU 
 Eaftward to the Red Sea. Others lefs remark- 
 able, are E.txilo,Qiiciaii.,Ciamar:iM\i\ Obe,'A\\ fal- 
 ling into t!'C A;/f, Mailji into the /idfl.uf, and 
 Aiiqmt inio the AUiIcj:. 
 
 The Mountains here as far exceed the Alps^ndi 
 TyytiuMis in Fnrvpc as thefe do common Hills. 
 Ill the Kirgdom of 7;iif is that call'd Limal- 
 ;'■■««, esci'llwe high, and the way over it extra- 
 ordinary :'arrow aud dangerous. Ainahara and 
 Sai.i)i,\xc not inferior to the laft, and in ftiort, 
 all the Country is full ot them, except the Pro- 
 vince ot lUfrhi-i, which islur the molt part Plain. 
 Many of :! e'e iMountains !iave Plains on the tops, 
 to which the Men mount with Ladders, and 
 diaw lip the Cattel with Cords. 
 
 Moft of the Eoitcms are hot, but the Hills 
 rn( 1, which is the Reaion that they are all in- 
 halittd, tho almoft inaccelliblc. The Ihmider 
 ard Li^htnin^is molt dreadtu', and the Rain at 
 
 thofe times does not fall in Drops, but in Streams. 
 The Seafons do not anfvver to ours, tho' on thii 
 fide the Line their Spring anfwers to our Am- 
 f.iifi ; their Summer to our Winter •, their fecond 
 Summer, for it cannot be call'd Autumn, to our 
 Spring, and their Winter to our Summer. 
 
 That there is Gold in Abyfflnia is moft certain, 
 fome Provinces paying their Tribute to the Em- 
 perour in that they find among the Sands. It 
 is likely there are other Metals, but the Na- 
 tives know not how to find or work the Veini. 
 In Tigre and Angole there are Rocks of Salt, 
 which they dig, and carry all about the Coun- 
 try. All forts of Grain yield a prodigious In- 
 creafe, for they hive three Crops in a Year, and 
 bcfides all thofe known in Europe, they have a 
 fmall fort call'd Tef, which, makes good Bread. 
 Nor is there lefs plenty of Grafs, or of all o- 
 doriferous, ufeful or Medicinal Plants found in 
 Europe, bcfides many that are utterly unknown to 
 us. 
 
 The Kine grow toa prodigious Bulk, and the 
 Horfes extraordinary fwift, yet they generally 
 travel on Mules, taught to Pace, Camels being on- 
 ly us'd to crofs liindy Plains, becaufe they en- 
 dure the Heat, but not the uony Ways. The 
 Elephants go in great Droves, making dread- 
 ful havock in the Woods. Here is another Beaft 
 much taller than an Elephant, tho' not fo corpu- 
 lent the Legs being fo long tn»t a Man may pafs 
 under its Belly without ftooping, the Neck pro- 
 portionable to reach down to the Grounci to 
 graze. This they call CjV.iMc.icfcew, and is like- 
 ly the Struthit-Camelns mention'd in ancient Au- 
 thors. Another the PortHguejcs call a wild Afs, 
 becaufe it has Ears like it, deferves not the Name 
 on any other accourl. being as big as a Mule, 
 flick and well ftiap'd, out (o curioufly and exaft- 
 ly cover'd with black and grey Streaks acrofs 
 the Back, from the Neck to tlie Tail, that no- 
 thing can be done more exaft with a Pencil. Bc- 
 fides thefe, there are Tigers, Lions, Wolves, Leo- 
 pards, Foxes, Monkeys, Cat a Mounts, Civet- 
 Cats, Hares, Rabbits, and all other forts of 
 Creatures. The Rivers have River-Horfes , 
 thought to be the Behemoth in "job. Crocodiles, 
 Water- Lizards,e-f. And the Air all forts of Birds, 
 great variety of Infefts, and infinite Swarms of 
 Bees. 
 
 The Natives arc generally peaceable among 
 theml'elves, and if any Quarrels happen, they fel- 
 dom go beyond Culfi, and thefe Controverfies 
 are always decided by Umpires they chufc 
 thcmfelves. The People of the Kingdom of N:f 
 rc.i excel all the left in VVit,Generohty,Courage, 
 and all other X'irtues •, yet they are generally 
 curious, and love to learn , but the Nativ.-s of 
 Tigre are for the moft part Inconftant, Perfidi- 
 ous, Cruel and Revengeful. T hey are all in ge- 
 neral handfomer than the other Ibrtsof Blacks, 
 differing in nothing from the F.iiropeaHs but in 
 Colour, fome of them Jcat Black, others Tawny, 
 and others of an Olive-Qilour, which they va- 
 lue moft. Bcfides fome are of a decpifti Red, 
 and others of a difagreeable yellow Hue. They 
 are Aftive, good at climbing Rocks, Healthy, 
 and Long-Livd. 
 
 The W omen are Vigorous, and frequently De- 
 liver themfcives without help, and bear Children, 
 as appears by the great multitude of People. The 
 common fort wear only Breeches, and a piece of 
 Cl«th wrapp'd about them, which is all trie Bed- 
 
 Gloaths 
 
 '■S 
 
 •i''\\. 
 
 
 J.'4^' 
 
 M' 
 
 ■\ ¥ 
 
 \ vl 
 
202, 
 
 Cloaths they Iiave a; Night, lying on a Hide. 
 Tliofe who are better to pafs have a li^ht Gar- 
 iticnt or Sliirt, for it (crves for both, buttoiitl 
 down before. Both Men and Women wear long 
 Hair, and that always anointed with Butter. 
 
 The prevailing, and a« we mav fay, eftablilird 
 Religion of ex£r/j/op/^, is the Chriftiaii, which 
 was firft brought in by the Eunuch of Queen 
 Catidace, who was Baptiz'd by Philip, as is de- 
 clar'd intheAif^s of the ApolUes, but could not 
 fpread much, nor did it long after, till in t!ie 
 4th Century X. AthMafms, Patriarch of Alex.iii- 
 M-i^, fent S. Friimentiiis [thither, who ci>nverted 
 the greatell part of the Nation, and from his 
 time there has always been a vaft ^number of 
 Monks or Religious M-;n throughout the Em- 
 pire, as there is at this Day. But as to their 
 particular Opinions, they are EHtychians, con- 
 founding tlie two Natures inJES'OS CHRIST, 
 befides feveral other wild Tenets crept in among 
 tliem tln-ough Ignorance, wliich was fo great, 
 that they had feveral wavs of bapti/.ing tlieir 
 Children, aiidall of them far from tl;e riglir. Be- 
 fides they Circumcife both Males and Icinalcs, 
 forbear Swines Flelh, keep thcSabbatli, and have 
 many more JennJ/j Obfervations, which, tlio' they 
 pretend to be only ancient Cuftoms , and not 
 perforin'd on any Relip,ious Account, yet iavour 
 too much of liife<ftion. Befides tlie Chriltiaiis, 
 here are alfo great Numbers of Jews, AiJjone- 
 tans, and i'agans. 
 
 Th.e ancient Language of jihyffiina is that they 
 call Lefihaaa Cccz., or the Tongue of the 'King- 
 dom of Ctti, and this i« the Language tlicy 
 generally write in, buing very like the yi'.'/'/c^, 
 and feems to flow from it. At Court tlie com- 
 mon Language fpoken is tliat of AnnilMr.i, and 
 moft other Provinces have their particular Dia- 
 lefts. The Jcvps have a peculiar Tongue among 
 thcmfelves. 
 
 Thattliis is the Country of the much talk'dof 
 Trcfler''Johii, has been very obftinaiely defend- 
 ed by ii)uic, and is politively contradicted by o- 
 tilers, with very good'Uealbn, tho' the Contro- 
 vtrly in it felf is of no great Moment, the 
 ground whereof feeins to ht thus. There was 
 an ancient Race of Chriftiaii Princes in the 
 Kingdom of Te/itiiic in the Proper Tartary, who 
 as we Iiave already faid in our account of T^r- 
 I try, bore the Appellation of Prtfler or Presbyter 
 'John, as he was corruptly call'd [by the tnro- 
 pe.ms, A Name deriv'd from the firft of them. 
 
 the Cuajl of 
 
 whofe proper Name was V>if.-Ckm, to whicli tlic 
 Epithet of Prefiigiani, which lignified Apoftoli- 
 cal or Orthodox, was added, either by his own 
 Command, or by the Compliment of his SubjeiJts, 
 which being handed to us was corrupted, as we 
 have faid, to Preflerjohn, and fupnos'd tomean 
 that he was fo call'd as being Priell as well as 
 King. The Fame of this Prince being great in 
 Europe, Peter Covillan (who, as we Tiave t(jld 
 you in our Account of the Difcovery of India, 
 was fent over-Landby Jo/w theid. King of Pfl;- 
 tiigal) made enquiry after him in India^\xi heard 
 of no fucli Prince tlicre •, however, being inform'd 
 that there was a potent Chriftian Prince in yJ- 
 jrica he took his Court in his way home, and 
 was fo kindly treated there, that he concluded 
 this muft be the famous Prefltr John fo much 
 talk'd of, and accordingly brought that Name 
 Iioinc, which has ever fnicc remain'd in Europe. 
 Thcfe People call a King, Niigne, andtheir Km- 
 perour, ]^^::gHa Nagiifla , that is King of Kings, 
 As to their ancient Hiftory, it is very uncertain, 
 little Learning having ever been among them, 
 yet they pretend the Queen ot Sheha was their 
 Sovereign, that Salomon j^ot her with Chilcl, and 
 from that Son their preleiit Emperours are de- 
 fctiided. Queen Candace k mcntioii'd inthe/!o- 
 inan Hiftory on account of the War made upon 
 Egypt in yliigiijhts'i, Reign, but bein;; rcpulied, 
 and a Roman Garrifon planted on the Confines, 
 we Lear no more of the lyEtbiopiavs till the 
 Portngiiefcs vifited their Country. In the Year 
 \)i^vChriJhpher de (jama was fent into yliiyj'- 
 /inia by the King of Portugal with 4 or 5CO Men 
 to the afliftance of the Emperour David, who 
 was much diftrefs'd by the A fahometaii King <j( 
 Zeilan, and the '['iirks. David was tlieii newly 
 dead, and C/.Wfi/m had fucceeded him, who with 
 this new Reinforcement gain'd twoVidtorieso- 
 ver his Enemies, but the Porti.'guejh being at 
 laft moft of th.-m cut off in a tliird Engage- 
 ment, the Affairs of the yU'0niant dccliu'd, 
 and in fliort, the Turks have taken from tliem all 
 the Sea Co(<//, and the barbarous 0'.//iij the better 
 half of the Inland Country. When the Porta- 
 g/iej'es undertook to aflift the Abyfflmans., they 
 alfo fent Learned Men to inftruft them in the 
 Roman Catholick Religion, whom the Natives 
 cherirti'd for fome time , bu' afterwards they 
 put to Death or cxpell'd the Miftioncrs, chufing 
 rather to adhere to their old Rites than fubmil 
 to them of that Church. 
 
 CHAP. XIV. 
 
 The Coaft of Zanguebar , including Alan and Abex. 
 
 TH E Coaft of Ahex is a narrow flip of 
 Land running along the Red Sea, from 
 the South Frontiers of Ec^ft to the 
 Straight of liibcl-Atandel, It was all formerly 
 fibjccl to theEmperour of tAithiopia, Imt at pre- 
 lent to the Turk, by whom it has uecn Conqucf'd 
 *b(we 100 Years, by which means the AbyJJini- 
 ans .'.re cjuite lliut up from the Red Sea. tlic 
 Mahoiiittans being poffefs'dof all the Coalt and 
 Ports in it. 
 
 Tlie principal i'laccs here arc the Town and 
 P'-Ht of Sitaqnem, in the Province of Vanjila^ 
 
 in about 18 Decrees 4 Minutes of North La- 
 titude, andoppolite to it, at afmall diilance, is 
 a fmall Illand of the fame Name. Southward 
 of it is tlie i'ort of Arquico, or Ercoco, the yi- 
 dida of the Ancients, in about 15 Degrees and 
 Iialf Latitude, and oppolite to another little I- 
 lland call'd Mauta. Tlie other Towns alon^ 
 this Coaft, are Dtgibeldara, DegibeUora , and 
 f^eila. 
 
 Aiaata Ifland, abcwementioii'd, is dangerous of 
 accefs, cfpecially when the Wind blows at South. 
 The Natives ot it are reckon'd good Soldiers, 
 
 arc 
 
 r.i'e doatli'd 
 ever kept r! 
 1 1, about zc 
 Hlaud large 
 wattT'd, he; 
 vet being vt 
 but abundai 
 B:n-K'v aii<l I 
 whereof tlie 
 The iVopk- 
 Enemies to ' 
 natur'd to S 
 lobbing Afa. 
 Their I angt 
 tlicm ; they 
 wrap a pieci 
 Prince is So\ 
 iiig ifiands, ; 
 ans, the reft 
 Tlie IfiaiK 
 the Mouth o 
 The Gate of 
 I'he IJland oj 
 i]recs 50 Mil 
 bout 4 or 5 
 (irafs nor T 
 long contend 
 tydeftroy'd ; 
 It has ni;ver 
 All abmg i 
 tlecp, craggv 
 pairige into , 
 ^iieni, and ev 
 there is no T 
 a Day. The ( 
 ren, yet abon 
 Slid Deer. T 
 aiKJ A.abs.^ 
 C(>:ift of All, 
 Lhe yli-abs 
 that is, the t 
 Mecca, from 
 runs up betw 
 parting thefe 
 Mouth of it i 
 (.iiinrdafu in , 
 wliich arc 60 
 Maiidel above 
 two others i( 
 Length of ihi 
 to .irtc:., wher 
 contcft lias be 
 the Red Sea, 
 Red Sands, oi 
 from King /■ 
 more certain tl 
 the Son of Jja. 
 the Land of £ 
 Word in ;/(/;;( 
 (■ireeks trail (la t 
 MareRubrKU!^. 
 The Coaft o( 
 we include un 
 bar begins at 
 iiiid running H 
 Degrees Latitu 
 V\eft till it c< 
 parted by the 
 properly fo c 
 •kingdoms of _ 
 ««*', and tht 
 
ZA'NGVE'BAK, 
 
 lo; 
 
 ■ii'e cloatlrd ill Cotton, or Silk, and the Women 
 tvor kept rloie till Married. DiLic.iy or D,ila- 
 1 1, aho'jt io l,ras;ues Scath of A-t:tui:i, another 
 llland larj^er than either of the other-i, well 
 wattT'd, healthy, and therclore well Peopled ^ 
 vet bcint; vci V Rmky, yi'^Ws "I^^ much Corn , 
 hut ahundance of Palhue. T' >. Natives have 
 BiirK'vaiid Honey fromihe Continent •, for Filh, 
 whereof tliey take I'lentv, as alfo fome I-*earls. 
 The I'eoplc are Black, Courageous, and Ivvorn 
 Enemies to the Turks ., ill look 'd, and no better 
 tiatur'd to Stranj^ers, and all of tlicm Pirates, 
 robbinp, Afdwmtttinsy'jenn^ and Chnl'ians alike. 
 Their 1 anguagc differs from all others about 
 them •, xhvj go naked down to the V\ alte, and 
 wrap a piece of Calico about the relh Their 
 Prince is Sovereip.n over fome other Neighbour- 
 ing Iflands, and moll of tliem j^by///nr Chrifti- 
 ans, the reft M.ihoinct.Dn of tlie Scft of //;//. 
 
 The Ifland of liabel-Maiiilel lies direftly in 
 the Mouth of the Red Sea. The Name fignifies, 
 TheGateof Affliftion, and was formerly calla 
 'tht I/Lind of Diodnrm. It lies about 12 De- 
 5rccs 50 Minutes of North Latitude, and is a- 
 6out 4 or 5 Miles in Compafs, bearing neither 
 Orafs nor Trees. The ylmbs and AbyffiiiKms 
 long contended for it, till the A^/w^w/b utter- 
 ly deftroy'd all that was on it, fince which time 
 it has never been Peopled. 
 
 All aloni; this Coaft of ylbexxwma. ridge of 
 iieep, craggy Mountains, fo that there is no 
 pallage into Ab)ffii:::i but by Aiqitico and Siui- 
 qiiein^ and even there tlie Road is fo bad that 
 there is no Travelhng above four or five Miles 
 a Day. The Country is generally dry and bar- 
 ren, v^t abounds with Ij jns. Tigers, Elephants 
 Slid Deer. The Inliabitants are Blacks, Turks^ 
 and j4r,ib!, and drive a Trade with the oppofitc 
 Coaft of Aiahia. 
 
 The v-/i lit ( call the Red Sea Bahax^Queii.iimy 
 that is, the dry Sea •, others the Streights of 
 Mecca, from that famous City in Arabia. It 
 runs up between the Coafts of Afr'uk and Afia^ 
 parting thefe two Quarters of tlie World. The 
 Mouth of it is forin'd by the two famous Capes, 
 (.iiimciaJH in AJrick, and Fartuijiie in Aiabiii, 
 wliich are 60 Leagues alimder, the llland B.ibel- 
 /./.w,W above fpoken of lying diredly between 
 two otiicrs 100 leagues Irom thole above. The 
 Lengtii of this Sea from the Mouth now defcrib'd 
 to bi<c-^, where it ends, is 500 Leagues. Much 
 conteft has been about the reaion ot calling this 
 the Red Sea, fome preiending it was from the 
 Red Sands, others troin Red Coral, and others 
 from King trythriis^ wliereas tliere is nothing 
 more certain than that it was lo call'd from Ejau, 
 the Son of T/.i./r, otherwiie nam'd i.^cw, whence 
 the Land of ttlom aiui this Sea of Edo/iiy which 
 Word in yA/jmr fignities Red, and tins thefirft 
 iirccks tranllated t.yytbyc.', from them the Latins, 
 AfMeRnbrum^Aud lo tlie Red Sea in all Languages. 
 The Coaft ol Aia/i being the Iccond Part of wTiat 
 we include under the general Name of Z.wgnc- 
 h'lr, begins at the Streight of liubel-Aiaiitidy 
 and running Eaftward to Cape (iiuidifii in 11 
 Degrees Latitude, tiiere it turns away to South- 
 Well till it comes to the Eiiuator, where it is 
 parted by the River i^/»'/«<»wti« txwn ZM^uebitr^ 
 properly fo cali'd. Aian is dwided into the 
 Kmgdoins of Actel, or Zeila, Adea, and A1jj;^.i- 
 ««*•', and thf Kepublick of Br.n'j. 
 
 The Kingdom of Adtl, or Zeit.i, fo cali'd frorrt 
 the two mofl: confiderable Cities in it has the 
 Mouth of the Red Sea on the North, part of the 
 Coaft of ^i»f.v and of Aby^uia on the Weft ^ the 
 Kingdom o( Adea on the South, and the Indian 
 Ocean on the Eaft. The Side from Abcx to Cape 
 C'li.iid.tfit is about icx) Leagues , and the other 
 from that Cape to the Frontiers ofAdc-iihovsyo: 
 
 Add, the Capital City, lies up the Inland in 
 about 9 Degrees of Latitude, not much reforted 
 to by our Travellers, and confequently little 
 known, AUnm, or Affion is on the Indian Sea^ 
 plentifully fupply'd with all forts of Provifions, 
 yet little frequented by Ships, becaufe it wants a 
 Harbour. Cape Gu.irdafu is to the Northward 
 ill 12 Degrees and a half Latitude, thought to 
 be the Aromata o{ Ptolemy. To the Weft ward of 
 the Cape are Salir, formerly yWo^/w, then Bar- 
 bora, Afcth. and laftly , ZeiU, one of the beft 
 Towns in the Country, feated on a Bay, with- 
 out the Streight of Eabel-Aiandel, and forming 
 a good Harbour. It is very populous, the Streets 
 haiidfom, and the Buildings of Lime and Stone. 
 
 This Kingdom has fcarcc any Mountains, and 
 tho" it has little Rain, yet it is very frHitful,as be- 
 ing water'd by feveral Rivers. One of thefe cali'd 
 tJavafch comes oatof AbyJ^nia, but cannot finifti 
 its Courfe to the Sea, by Reafon it is all drein'd 
 away by the many Trenches the Country People 
 draw from it to water their Land, which produ- 
 ces fo much Wheat, Barley and Millet, that it 
 fupplies other Neighbouring Countries. Here are 
 Sheep, whofe Tails weigh 25 Pounds ; and Cows 
 with Horns like Deer •, aiid others with only one 
 Horn. Befides Grain a/d Cattel, this Kingdom 
 affords Gold, Ivory, Frankincenfe, Pepper and 
 Slaves. 
 
 The King and !\]\hhS\ih]eC{siieMaho»:etanSf 
 and he is reckon'd a Saint by the Tiirlis, for ma- 
 king War on the Abyfflnians. The Natives arc 
 either white or tawny, and wear Calico from their 
 Wafte downward, the Reft of the Body naked. 
 They are good Soldiers and Buy all their Arms of 
 the Turks and Arabs. 
 
 The Kingdom of Adea has Add on the North, 
 Oyiai. Kingdom o( lAithitpia on the Weft j Ma- 
 gadoxa on the South, and the Indian Sea on the 
 Eaft. The Principal Towns in it &ie Zachct in 
 Inland Place Welt ward •, MigiaU more to the 
 Eaftward, and Bendd, the only Sea- Port, all this 
 Kingdom lying up the Land, and towards the 
 Back of A4agadox.t, Orgabra lies to the South- 
 ward of the others. The King and Natives are 
 Alabonietansy but the Lordlliipof OVrtwif. which 
 lies next (<Aithiopia,\s moft inhabited by Idolaters, 
 aiKJ hence lally'd a People, who broke into Abyf- 
 Jinia, and made great Conqucfts there. 
 
 Alagadoxa is hemm'd in on the North and Wefl 
 by the Kihgdom of Adea ; to the Eaftward it lies 
 along the Indian Ocean, and on the South has 
 the Republick of Brava. being a narrow Domi- 
 nion along the Sea Coaft, much traded to front 
 Camkiya and Aden. The King is a Alahometarti 
 and all his Subjefts fpcak Ar.ibick, tho' there be 
 White, Tawny, and Black. In their Wars they 
 ufc poifon'd Arrows. The Country abounds in Pa^ 
 fture. Barky, and Fruit. 
 
 Brava, is a confiderable Town, almoft under 
 tlie Equator, betwixt two Branches of the River 
 (^dmanca, WalI'd and Built after the Adotfijh 
 manner. The Inhabitants are rich Merchants, 
 trading in Qold, Silver, Silks, &c. This is iti all 
 
 MkelihtMO 
 
 ■ i''^f 
 
 11 \f«\\ I 
 m 
 m 
 
 
 K'"''! 
 
 At 
 
 ill 
 
 
i04-- 
 
 7 he Coa/l of 
 
 likelihood the only- Commonwealth in all Ajrick, 
 the Government ArillocratirAl , the Inhabitants 
 rhoofing izXcqiies, out of the Ancienteft of cer- 
 tain AiitbiMi I'iunilics, which are the OfFsprint; 
 of 7 Brothers A:il/.<, who fled thitlier fvom the 
 Tyrannv of the Kinj^s of Lnc.ih. Much Amber- 
 greece is found upon this Coaft. The City was 
 by the rortngntja: call'd Rurraboa , tliat is, the 
 GofKl Bar, bccaufe there is good Accefs to it from 
 the Sea. 
 
 Before we Ica-c the Coaft of Ai.vi^ we muft not 
 omit to (iiy fomcthing of the famous Illand Zoco- 
 tora. riiiiy and Ptolemy call it the illand of Di- 
 ofiorides, and it lies in 12 Degrees I atitudc, due 
 Weft from Cape 6>.r'Y/r;/«,being about 25 Leagues 
 in Length, and 18 over in the wideft Place. About 
 it there is gooc! Andioring in deep V^'ater, be- 
 fides two liirficient Harbours call'd ('ora and Boiiu. 
 There is but one Town in it, where the Xe^iie 
 refidcs, befides fcveral fcatter'd Dwellings about. 
 The great Prodiift here is the Aloes, which being 
 the beft in the World, has given Occafion to the 
 Name of yllof Succotriint, corruptly for Zocoto- 
 rina. Here is alfo Dragon's Blood, wliich is the 
 Gum of a Tree the hidia/is call Bcr. The Inha- 
 bitants are eiilicr Ar.ib', or Natives, call'd by 
 thofe others Bcdiiincs^ that is, brutal, ilupid Peo- 
 ple, or Mongrels, between Bcditims ancl ^rabs. 
 As for thefe laft, they are like the Reft of their 
 Nations •, the .Mongrels arc generally deformed, 
 and little regarded. The true Hcdiimcs hate the 
 yirabs, are white and Well-lhap'd, but Bale, Cow- 
 ardly and Slothful, and think it a Crime to cut 
 tiieir Hair or Beard. They feed on Milk, Butter, 
 Dates and Flelh. Their Habit is a (brt of Stulf 
 made of Goats Hair, which they wrap about their 
 Walle, and a long Cloak ■ .'er their Shoulders 
 hanging down to their H;.. is. As to Religion, 
 they are Idolaters, and pay tlieir principal^ Ado- 
 ration to the Moon •, but the greateli- part of thofe 
 who ever converfed with the Ar.ibs^ are become 
 /Jf.il;oi»cta>!s, 
 
 Line, and having (iime fmall Extent alons; tlie 
 Coaft. The Capital City bears tlie lame Name 
 featcd in the I'laineftof a Rocky Coait, euioin-' 
 pafs'd with Ortliards, l^ilm-Trees and Woods ^,^■ 
 Frnit-Trees ■■, the Buildings fightly, the Country 
 well ftor'd with Cattel, the Natives Pai;;ins, of 
 Colour I'wartliy, andftrongof Body^ tlie vVo- 
 meii agreeable, and clo.uh'd from the W'afte down 
 in Silk or Calico, and Neils witli Gold Laces on 
 their Heads. The G/c.i'-.f Merchants Trade iiere 
 and in return lor their Spice, Silks and Calicoes* 
 carry back Gold, Ivory, Ambergreeceand Wax! 
 The King is a M.ihomct-.iri^ and is ferv'cl in great 
 State ana Splendor. The PornigHcJe, at tlieir hrll 
 coming into Jmiiti eftablilli'd a lafting Peace with 
 this Prince, whicli has been generally well ob- 
 ferv'd, and by virtue of it the Chriftiaiis have free 
 Exercife of their Religion in feveral Cliurclies. 
 
 Next follows Afo>ih.iz.,i, another Kingdom, the 
 City ilanding in an Illand, is Beautiful and Strong, 
 and before it a large Bay capable of holding of 
 many Ships. The Portiigiicjcs made theinrc?ves 
 
 Zanguebar, 
 
 Properly To call'd from the Arabich Z.mgne, 
 Black, is thought to be the fame Ptolemy names 
 ^giftmbci , reacning from the River Qnilmanci, 
 above mention'd, which parts it from the Coaft 
 oi Aian^ to the River of Ciiama, dividing it from 
 the Coaft ot the Giftci, in 18 Degrees of South 
 latitude. The Weft Side of it running along the 
 T^wer ^^ihiopi,]^ and the Ealt along the Indian 
 Ocean. ■ This great Length of 18 Degrees, or 
 rc8o MiVes has no proportionable Breadth, wliich 
 111 the wideft Place is not above 300 Miles, and 
 iiuah kls in others. 
 
 failing, the Line to the Southward , the firft 
 PLites we meet with are f^j/f and Lamo^ both on 
 the Coaft, which are two fmall Principalities.The 
 firrt a l.'irgfe City , wctt built, and has a good 
 Harbour ^ the latter not fo Large, but wall d, 
 and thi^ Refidenccof another Al.ihumetan Prince. 
 Suiii.^ didicit and A»ipui.4 , are three other in- 
 coiifiderable States, dofc by tlie former, and to 
 one another ■■, of all which there is fcarcc any more 
 to fay, but tliat in the Hourilliing Times of the 
 Pmiiigficjisj they were Tributary to them, and 
 have iincc caft olf their Yoke. 
 
 The Kiitgdomof Melinde is next to the South- 
 ward, iti'oEC confiderable than all thofe above, 
 *% extcudWg back behind them up to the 
 
 Mafters of this Place and held it many Years, but 
 were at laft expell'd by tiic Moorsy who for their 
 greater Security, put themlelves under the Pro- 
 tection of the Turks. 
 
 Qiiilo.i, is another City and Kingdom, ftili to 
 theSouthward , taking its Name from a little 
 Ifland near the Continent, at the Mouth of tlie 
 River Cwive. The City is in the Illand ■, the 
 Buildings handlbm, after theSpmiJh Falliion, (e- 
 veral Stories high, witli a Garden to each. There 
 is another City on the Continent, call'd Old Ok,. 
 loa. TlKALilii/meiMi Prince, who reii^u'd there 
 was very Potent, before the Portiit^atjcs made 
 themfelves Mafters ol that Coaft , for his Domi- 
 nions extended 250 l.eagaes^ but in the Year 
 1505, FfMias de Almeyda took the City , and inade 
 all the Kiiiijdom Tributary to Portita^.il -^ howevei* 
 of late Years they have loft all their Power 111 
 thwfe Parts. Tlie Sea yields great Store of Filh, 
 and the Land abounds in Cattel, and all forts "f 
 Kowl. The People are Clad lome after the Ar ■ 
 blan , others according to the t'urktjh Mar 
 wearing rich Cloth of Gold, Silks and Calico 
 with Turbants of the fame. The Women wt 
 Gold Chains about their Arms and A.ncles, and 
 rich Pendants. In Mourning for their Kindred, 
 they lay afidc aH their Coftly Ornaments. The 
 Language generally Spoken is Aywiik ; moft of 
 them are ALihometiWs, the Reft Pagans, or A- 
 theifts. 
 
 A'loz..tmbi/iiic City and Kingdom is in about rj 
 Degrees of South Latitude. The Land bears much 
 Rice, and other Grain, as alio Oranges and Li 
 mons. Here are vaft Numbers of Wild Beafts, 
 but particularly fo many Elephants , that they 
 have much Difficulty to keep them out of the Com 
 Fields, and the People dare hardly go far with- 
 out Firebrands in their Hands to fright them. 
 The Blacks here have frizly Hair and thick Lips, 
 going naked, only their Privities cover'd with a 
 Clout, or the Bark of a Tree, painting the rcll 
 of their Bodies of leveral Colours , and boring 
 their Lips to hang Ivory Toys on them. They 
 Eat all lorts of Heni,efpecially the Elephants, and 
 even Men they take in War, and are falfe, bru- 
 tal and fit for 1 about. Their Wealth conlifts in 
 Gold, found in the Rivers, Ebony, Ivory and 
 Slaves. Their Religion is partly ManometdH and 
 partly Pagan, or ratlKr none at ftll. 
 
 The 
 
 The two 
 
 .South are A 
 confiderable 
 and lying al 
 
 ( 
 
 HAvn 
 -Sontl' 
 Weft 
 ofthe Blacks 
 tho' other Pai 
 it, the Native 
 great Traft c 
 Z.'iha>\t, or t!i( 
 it is parted b 
 Eaft it has thi 
 Northern Slip 
 Mountains par 
 the AtliJtitick 
 above 2000 h 
 Breadth from ] 
 Se.i, about 900, 
 The River . 
 the Natives cal 
 in two from K:i 
 doms on the N 
 we Ihall fee in tl 
 Geographers w 
 
 n-i tlie N,^rth S 
 
 This Kingdom! 
 
 WW, has /;£,,«„, J 
 ^4i".i on tlie V\| 
 '"^itlromZw/.r 
 
NEGROEy^ND. 
 
 The two laft Kiiis^doms in Zani'iichar to the 
 South are Afonfi.ilo mm\ ylnfios-, hotli fmalland in- 
 confiderable, clitfcrinc; vcrv little from the laft, 
 and lying along the kinks of the River Cuam^. 
 
 Oppofite to this CoalT: are feveral fmall lilands^ 
 inhabited by Blacks and Ar^s , but have not any 
 tluiig particular to deferve delcribini». 
 
 CHAP. XV. 
 Of N E G R O L A N D, or the Country of the Blacks. 
 
 HAVn-!G purfu'd this Coaft fo far to the 
 South, it is Time now to return to the 
 Weftward of Jbyfmia^ to the Country 
 of the Blacks, particularly call'd by this Nanne, 
 tho' other Parts of Afuck^ might as well deferve 
 it the Natives being all oftlie lame Colour. This 
 great Traft of Land runs along the Country of 
 Z.ifcrt>-<<, ortheDefart, on the North, from which 
 it is parted by Mountains and Defarts \ on the 
 Eaft it has the Kiiijidom of Borno^ and the mofl 
 Northern Slip of Guinea, on the South a Chain of 
 Mountains parts it from Gnweii, and on the Well 
 the Jtlanttck Ocean. From Eaft to Weft it is 
 above 2CCX3 Miles in Length , and the greateft 
 Breadth from North to South, which is next the 
 Sea, about 900. .,• • i l 
 
 The River N^er-, the greateft m jijnck, by 
 the Natives call'd Hiicd Nifer, cuts all this land 
 m two from Eaft to Weft, leaving feveral King- 
 doms oti the North and others to the South, as 
 we Ihall fee in then- prtwcr Place. All the ancient 
 Geographers were Pofitive that this River came 
 
 Gangara, 
 
 Caffena. 
 
 Cauo. 
 
 i Scomira. 
 
 LSeiiiegondii. 
 cC.ilfe»a. 
 ^Aiarata. 
 C Tirca. 
 
 rCatio. 
 ). < Gcrimt. 
 
 iTaff.tv.l. 
 
 OntlieN.^rthSide, 
 ' if the A,^f. 
 
 /■gades 
 
 Tombut. 
 
 Gcnchoa. 
 
 s Mura. 
 LJIfayma. 
 f Toiiibiit. 
 
 ICibra. 
 Sail J. 
 «< Bcrifi. 
 
 ITocror. 
 Ciiegncrc. 
 {JJodia. 
 GcHcho.u 
 
 Gualata. 
 
 I 
 
 ■ilameh. 
 
 from the fatne Source as the Nile •, but the later 
 Difcovery of the Springs of this laft has dear'd 
 tliat Miftake ;, and it is now agreed among all 
 Modern Writers, that the Niger flows out of a 
 I ake in the Lower t/£ibiopia, whence winding to 
 tlie Northward till it reaches the Kingdom of 
 5orwo,already fpokeofjit there turns to the Weft, 
 and traverfes all Negroland, as has been faid. It 
 fwells in Jnne, like the Nile^ and overflows all 
 the Low Lands for 24 and 30 Days, fertilizing 
 the Country, and then returning into its Chan- 
 nel, falls into the Sea at feveral Mouths, the moft 
 Northerly, in about 15 Degrees of North Lati- 
 tude call'd Senega , the next Southward Camhea^ 
 the third Santo Domingo^ and the fourth Rio 
 Grande, or the Great River. 
 
 The Divifion of Negreimd, allowing the King- 
 doms of Borno and Gaogao to Zahara, or the De- 
 fart , as we defcrib'd them in fpeaking of that 
 Country, will be into the following Kingdoms, 
 with the Towns of any Note we can find in 
 ihem. 
 
 ''f Zanfara. 
 
 Zegzcg. 
 
 Gubcr. 
 
 On the South Side 
 of the Niger. 
 
 i 
 
 r 
 
 f Zanfara. 
 Reghevil. 
 SZeg7.eg. 
 LGhanara. 
 
 {Guber. 
 Mulel. 
 (Gago. 
 ^ Dau. 
 \,Tombi. 
 
 Gago. 
 
 < Senfos, 
 
 Soufos, 
 
 Melli. S^^'f 
 
 Among the Bran-, 
 ches of the Niger, 
 
 Jalofes. ^ 
 
 rBudomtl, 
 Solul. 
 ■ Jitala. 
 
 X 
 
 Cofanges. 
 Bijagas. 
 
 Biafara. 
 
 Refafco. 
 I Barfbla. 
 ^Caffan. 
 
 XJelliol. 
 
 {Cauheo. 
 Bogla. 
 rGiiinola, 
 ^ Biigiila. 
 \,BeJeqiif, 
 
 
 *''':m\ 
 
 ii: >i 
 
 Gangara. 
 
 TIin Knigdom, the moft Weftwardly o(Ncc/o- 
 'W, lias Homo on the Eaft, Lempta on the North, 
 [4i'ity\\ tlie Weft, and the Kiver Niger, part- 
 '"g it from Z.w/.i>-.i, on tlic Sonth. The Capital 
 
 of the fame Name is wall'd, the other Towns very 
 mean , and confifting of Cottages , rather than 
 Heufes •, but the People are rich, as Trading for 
 Gold •, which they fetch over fuch fteep nigh 
 Mountains, that no Beafts can Climb them, and 
 the Slaves carry the O^mntodities, and their Pro- 
 G g g Yifwns 
 
2o6 
 
 N EG KO LJN'V, or 
 
 vifions in Lirt^e ralalxinic:. TIic Kiiir, c.in raife 
 7000 Archers and 500 llorfe upon call, and is 
 an ablblute l-'rince. 
 
 Zanf.ira 
 
 Is South of r/.w;;^)-.), Euft of Zc!iz.esi, Nortl) cS 
 Fcnin and Hiifiru, and VVcfl of liorno. The 
 Towns in it arc not wortli iiicntionin:',, nor frarci.' 
 anv thint; eiic j the Natives arc well lliap'd <.f 
 IJodv and very Black, but their Farts deforrn'd 
 and hideous i and the Soil yields Corn, Rice 
 and Cotton. 
 
 Zcgzeg, 
 
 The next Kiiu'.dom VVeftward, borders Eaft- 
 ward on Z.i>if.ii:i , Southward on Bait/, Well- 
 ward on G.ig^i) , and Nortliward Iws the River 
 Niger to part it from Ciffcuj. One halt of it is 
 I'lain, exceilive Hot,' the other half very cold 
 Mountains, on wliidi the Natives are fain to keep 
 Pans of Fire under their Beds to warm thcui. 
 All the Country abounds in Water and Corn, t!ic 
 People are rich by Trade, but their Habitations 
 very miferablc. 
 
 Cadena, 
 
 Parted from the lafi: by tlie Nii^er on tlie South, 
 joins to Ci.rtn.ir.i on tlie Eail , ttj l.cmpta on the 
 Tsortl), and XoC.mo on tlie Well. All its Towns 
 arc open, like threat flattering \'illagcs, and the 
 Houfes mere Cottaj^es. 1 he Country Mountai- 
 nous, priKlucing muih Barley and Millet. The 
 Natives are very black , have largo Hat Nofes 
 and thick 1 ips. 
 
 Cano 
 
 Borders Eaftward on Ci[fa,a, Northward on 
 Zc/wp.'<j and T'trp,:i, Weftward on y),i\,iilcs, and 
 Soutliward is feparated by the A'i^i^ei- from Ciibci: 
 Its Aknronolis , bearins^ the fame Name, Hands 
 near the Kliddlc of it , cnclos'd with Walls of 
 Stone and Timber, and tlie lloules built after the 
 fame Manner. The Country is divided by Hills 
 cover'd with Wild Orani^c and I iinon-Trees , 
 bcarnn^ good Fruit, the Land well water'd and 
 feeding great Numbers ot Cattel i as alfo bearing 
 much Wheat, Rice and Cotton. There are many 
 more open Towns, like N'illages, the Inhabitants 
 whereof are Shepherds and Husbandmen ., thole 
 of the Capital follow Trade. The Prince liere 
 was firmerly Powerful, but now Tributary to 
 the King of C.ifj'cn.i. 
 
 Guber 
 
 Lies Soutli of Cw, parted from it by the A7- 
 gci-, has /'ti>fg on tlie Eaft, the Gold Coaft on 
 tlie Soutli, and (!:Kn on the Well, from which it 
 13 parted by a Defart. The Country is in the 
 inidllof high Mountains, and full of open Towns, 
 like V'illagcs,that ivherc the King keeps iiis Court 
 contains about <icoo Houfes. It is well regulated, 
 on account of tlie many Merchants and Handi- 
 crafts, many of thefe being Cotton Weavers, and 
 others Shooemakers, which they carry to Sell 
 at Cagij and 'J'uwbiir, 
 
 Giigo 
 
 Is.v'ell ofGnher, North of the Gold Coaft, 
 Eaft of Mandn/ga, and South of Tombm and jina- 
 lia. The Chief Town of it, bearing the (anne 
 
 Name, is in about 12 Degrees of North I r.tltude 
 without Walls, (n- anv Defence, but has f)ine to- 
 lerable Houfes. The Country abounds in Corn 
 Rice, Cartel and Grafs, has little Fruit, but\\' 
 bounds with Cjold •, for which Caravans of Mer 
 chants come from Morocco , wit!i great Dauaoi- 
 of their Lives crolling the UnhabitabieDelaa.. 
 Only the Capital deferves the Nameof iTowii" 
 the reft being poor Villages, inhabited bySavti't- 
 Countrv !\ople. In Winter they wear Ski/n, 
 and in Summer '>> naked, with only a Clout be- 
 fore them. 
 
 Agadcs 
 
 Has the Niger on the South which parts it from 
 C.igo, Cmio on the Eaft Ztiendg.i and Tayg.t on 
 the North, and 'Io/nb:ii on tlie Weft. The Town 
 it takes Name from, is towards tlie l-r.>iitiersnexc 
 Z.ihard^ wall'd, built after the Afoonjh Failiiou 
 and the King's Palace in the mid ft of it. The 
 Inhabitants are many of them Merchants and 
 Straiigers,t!ie reft Handicrafts and Soldiers. Thole 
 of the Southern Parts of the Kingdom, aregcnc- 
 lally Shepherds and Herdfmen, living in Huts 
 made of Boughs and Mats, and wandring from 
 Place to Place. The Prince is Tributary to tlie 
 Kingof TWv//-. There is great Plenty of Gittel, 
 Ciraib and Water in tlie Country, antl in the Dc- 
 lari^ they gather Manna, which they keep in Cu- 
 laballies to fell to the Merchanti. 
 
 Tombut, 
 
 The I argeft and moft Powerful of all thcfe 
 Kingdoms, is bounded on the Eaft by Ag.ulc!, on 
 t'le North by X;/f«c/x.<and ZuiLte^a, on the Well 
 by (iii.ildt.i and (icnclw.i, and ou the South by the 
 River AV^fi', dividing it from J.j/o/f.f, ■MMdi):g.t 
 A\\(\(i.!gn. Its chie; Town wasbuiltnitheYe.tr 
 1221 by K'w^Afo^jc Soli//:M, four I eagues from 
 the Brancli of the Nger^ c.^ll'd Sc>;c.,.-i, the Hou- 
 fes of Timber cover'd with Mud and Straw ., but 
 there '. . a Mof^ue and Palace made of Sto.ie. Four 
 Leagues from it on the Niger, is anodicr large 
 Town, call'd /?./''■.', without Walls or other De- 
 fence, the Houfes like tliofe (jf Tb^vt/?/. There 
 the N'efTels that bring Goods a'oiig tlie RiviO' 
 cither way, Unload, totranfport them by Laud 
 to (i nine J. 
 
 The Country ;-,bounds in Wheat, Barley, and 
 Miller, am', feeds li) much Cattel, that Milk and 
 Butter are very cheapjbut Salt dear,bcing brought 
 170 Lcagues.and all their good Horfes are brouglit 
 from liarb.iyy. The Natives are M.ihowetjus, bur 
 Courteous, Affiible, and Pleafant, nfing to Dance 
 to a Hut fori: of Tabers, they hold with one Hand 
 and beat with the other, Iiaving Bells hanging 
 to them, and they keep manySLives. The King 
 maintains learned Men, andtlity have many Ar<i- 
 bick Biwks, which they Purchafe at any Rate. 
 The Townfmen trade much in Cotton. They feed 
 on Milk, Butter, Flelli and Filli. The Women, 
 who are not Slaves, cover their Faces abroad- 
 Their Money has but one Letter on it, and the 
 moft Valuable is only (inall Bits of Gold. 
 
 Vlie King Stiles himfelf Emperour of yl/c/;/, and 
 is very ricn in Ingots of Gold. The Kingdoub 
 CiiiLit.iy Gino, Ciij]enc, Zcg:.eg, Giibcry Ale Hi and 
 yigadts are Tributary to hiin. The Merchants of 
 Fez. and Morocco bring many Commodities hi- 
 ther to cxchaiiiie for Ma»Um^a Gold- 
 
 Manding'*, 
 
the Country of the T^ lacks. 
 
 207 
 
 Wanding.i 
 
 1 i« Si>i:tli of Tomb/ii , parted from it Iiy tlie 
 Xi.yy, witli (j.'fo on the Eaft of it, t'lc Soiil'os 
 and (jrild <"!oall on the South, and t!ie fame Soii- 
 los And /i/rl'inw tlic r.alh It is watci'd by fcvc- 
 Val linall IJiveis, wl'icli fall into thi Nigrr. TIiC 
 principal fown^ot tliolamc Name witli rhcKi"!;- 
 doTTi,frands in tlie VVcllcrn Part, next UtA-fclli-^ 
 |)ffidcs which, tlicre is another call'd Tocror, on 
 the Nifsr. 
 
 Tlie People licrc are reckon'J tlie Handfomeft 
 in all Negrolvid, but Barbarous and Perfi-lioiis •, 
 vet counted tlie befi: Horfemen and Soldiers in 
 ihofe Parts. Ihis Country yields much Gold, 
 whirli the Merchants carry to Tombiit, to Trade 
 with tliol'e that come from narb.iry. Tlie Prince 
 once lorded it over many of his Neighbours, 
 but at prefent Ins Power extends no farther than 
 liis own Kinj^dom. Tlie Relij',ion was formerly 
 Idolatry ,but of late iMahometanifm has prevail'd. 
 
 Soufos, or Bena, 
 
 Has Mdndi'f^fton the North, the Gold Coifc 
 on the Eait, Mdfti!.iietu on tlie South, and the 
 fame and Aielti on the Wclh It is a Imall Coun- 
 try, all Hilly, well water'd and full of Grafs. 
 Here are Snake?, Ipotted of feveral Colours, as 
 thick as a Man':, Tliigli:, the Kin^ generally has 
 oiieot tliun about him, as wc kee,i Uoj^s, and no 
 Man does hurt it. The Kini' here , and all his 
 Subjefts are Idolaters. 
 
 Melli 
 
 Reaches to the Ocean on the Wed, to Af.da- 
 picra on the South « to Soufos and Mcwdinc,!i on 
 the Eail', and to! ombiit on the North. The Town 
 of the lame Name is open, fcatterinp, and coiififts 
 <ifabout6ocolnh»bitants, where the Prince keeps 
 his Court The Country affords Corn, Cartel and 
 Cotton,and the Inhabitants are enrich d by Trade. 
 1 hey have /I /cj^/ff.t, and Doftorsto intlruft them 
 ill l<.elii.',ioiiand Ar.ibick^ being moll Af.ihoiMtMs, 
 and Tributary to the King of Tonibiit. 
 
 Genehoa 
 
 Lies beyond the River Smri^/t, winch is its 
 Ibundary on the South as the Ocean i? on the 
 Weft-, the River ^•■ii"/'/ , \vhich (arts it froir. 
 ^/;i/.7Moii the Norih, ard the Kingdom of T'u^v- 
 but on the Ealh The Capital of it is no better 
 than a great \illage, where the King lives, with 
 the Dortors of the Law and his Chiet Men, the 
 Hollies bein;i all Thatch'd Co'tagcs, with Mud 
 Walls. Th;: Overflowing of tlie Aiyr;- makes this 
 Town an llland, wlnl'll it lalis. Barley, Rice, 
 Catteland 1-illi is herein Plenty, but little Fruit. 
 They have much Cotton, and exchange the Cloth 
 'iiadeol it for that of l-ufpc^ Copper, Brafsand 
 other Necertaries, brought tlieui from Juiib.ny. 
 The Natives v.'ear Black or Blue Cotton Cloth, 
 with Caps of the lame. 
 
 Gualata 
 
 Follo\ts nex - divided on the South from Ccne- 
 !i«i by the River Aigitin^ on the Weft it has the 
 <Xean, 011 the North a Ridge ut Mountains parts 
 
 it from Z.mhftct), and on tlie Weft it borders on 
 Tombiit. It bears the Name of its Capitalj which, 
 as all the reft of tlie Towns, is no better than a 
 great \'illage. The principal Product here is Rice, 
 fmall Millet, Barley and I)ates, and Melh is very 
 Dear. The People are tradable enough, tho" veri; 
 dilorderlv in their way of Living, and are fome 
 Milwmet.mi and feme Pagatis. 
 
 Jalofes , or Senega. 
 
 We come now to tlie Nations King betwcer: 
 the Branches of the M^fr, whereof tliemoft Nor- 
 ther! \ is that of the 7/(/o/«, ur .^V^q;.; •, the laft 
 of tliefe Names gi\en it from tij great River 
 which bounds it on the North, as dies the6\/w- 
 be:i on the South, the Ocean on the Weft, and 
 the Conflux of t hole two Branches on the Eaft. 
 The greateft Prince here ftileshimfelf the Great 
 5<)/»/'c, being Sovereign over 13 "r HP'^t^V f^higs 
 or Lords. In all this Dominion there is no wall'd 
 Town. The famous Cape Ferd, that is, the (ireen 
 Cape, becaufe the Portiigueje, who firit dilirover'd 
 it foundit very (jreen, is in his Dominions, in 15 
 Degrees of North Latitude, being the fame Pto- 
 lemy calls ArJitririHw. It is low, runs far out in- 
 to the Sea, and has ieveral Villages on it. The 
 Soil of it felf is good, but theSloatli <jf the Inha- 
 bitants is the Caule it produces little, only about 
 Cape l^crd there grows much Rice, Barley, and 
 Cardamom ■, the common Grain is Indian Wheat, 
 but here is ftore of Grafs, Trees and Herbs, and 
 abundance of Cartel-, as alio. Camels, Mules, 
 Horfes, Aftes, Hares, Dogs, Cats and Monkeys. 
 As for Birds, tiiere are infinite Numbers of Par- 
 rots, and no want of Hens, Geefe, Pigeons, Par- 
 tridges, WocKlcocks, Ducks and many more, pe- 
 culiar to the Country. Salt liardeiis of it lelf in 
 thei'f«f^(/, whence it is taken out and dry'd upon 
 the I. and, in fudi Quantity that there is no End 
 of it. The People are very Black, and ftrongof 
 Body, Ignorant, and muchaddifted toSuperfti- 
 tion ;ind Sorcery. Tlieir 1 loul'cs are poor thatch'd 
 Cottages and their Beds made of 5 or 6 Pieces of 
 V\'ood rais'd from the Ground, on which they lay 
 a Mai, and that lerves for Qiiilt and Blankets. All 
 theHoulhold-ftuffconlifts in a few Earthen Pots, 
 their Arms. Axes to cleave "^Vood, and Shovels to 
 throw npthe Earth. All their Cloathing is only 
 a Piece of Cotton Cloth lapp'd about them •, but 
 the Women have two , one about their Body and 
 the other on their Head. They ule little or no 
 Ceremony in Marriages, but every Man may 
 take as many Wives as liepleales, but they Burv 
 their Dead with great Lamentation, aiiti attend 
 the Corps to the Grave. Their wlual Weapons 
 are Bows, Arrows and Darts, befides Cutlaces, 
 or Broad Swords. Tlie generality of them are 
 Pagans, tho' At.tijointt.wijm has long fmce crept 
 in among them. 
 
 Cafuigas, Bijagas, or Biafara, 
 
 Is the next Nation of Note lying between ths 
 O'limbca, the River Santo J)a;>iir/yj\ and the Ocean. 
 Next follow the Kijap^as , betwixt the fame Ki 
 vers, and Pi.if.ira beyond S:inio Domingo to the 
 Southward, in which there is nothing remark- 
 able more than has been laid of the others above, 
 they bein^ all Blacks, and little Differing from 
 one another. Some Geographers name many 
 Kingdoms, as they call them , belidee wliat are 
 G g g 2 her<; 
 
 
 0\ 
 
 1' v1 
 
 : 1. ' ». 
 
 M^^mi 
 
 ■1 8? i|ii 
 
O/GVINEA. 
 
 
 208 
 
 here mention'd, but they are only Villaoes and Ignorant to have any tiling of Hiftory, and evfi\ 
 
 fmall Territories , wliicli have Petty Lords, like that Knowledge we have of tliytn is_ v,;ry impcr 
 
 et in the Weji-Indies, and not worth a feft, except only along the Sea-Coaft. 
 
 the CiUiquts 
 Particular Account. 
 
 All thele Nations are too 
 
 CHAP. XVI. 
 Of GUINEA. 
 
 DEfcending Southward from Negroiwd^ in 
 Order to return Eaftward, the next p/eat 
 Region we meet with is Guinea, extend- 
 ing about 1500 Miles in I.ene.th , from Eaft to 
 Weft, and 400 in the broadefl' Place from Nortli 
 to South, :he latitude between 5 and 1 1 Decrees 
 North. On that Side it runs all along joynnij', to 
 NqroLind; on the Eall to the Upper or Northern 
 Part of Con^9 , and on the South and Well it has 
 tlie Great Ocean. 
 
 The moll general Divifion is into three Parts, 
 Malagiict.if 0«(>/f.^ properly focall'd, and Benin. 
 
 N5al:igueta. 
 
 (juinea, 
 properly fo 
 i.ill'il. 
 
 <\ 
 
 'Sierra Lcona, 
 . A'litombo. 
 ) Qiiojii, 
 Ui.iLii'yt. 
 
 ' Folgi.l. 
 
 AliWoe. 
 
 I Petiera, 
 I T.jhoe. 
 Ivory Coaft. < Cirou. 
 
 I Jaqiies la Hou. 
 
 \_Corbie lahoe, 
 
 I Ante. 
 I Adorn, 
 
 W: 
 J Commani, 
 GoIdCoail. ^fetH. 
 i Sabae. 
 
 (Fantyn, 
 Acrop. 
 Agonna, 
 \_Aqnamboc. 
 
 The firfl of them is that \'ulgarly known by t'lc 
 Name of the Grain Coall , from the Graiiu of 
 Paradife or Cardamom growing there, whitli in 
 Saanijh they call MaLigiieta •, The fecond contaiiu 
 the Ivory and GoldCoafts •, and the third mav all 
 be taken in under tlie Utnomination of the Slave 
 Coall. Eacli of thefe is again Sub divul^d into 
 feveral fmaller Kingdoms and Dominions-, ofcacii 
 wlicreof we will endeavour to give a Brief Ac- 
 count. The Names affix'd here to each Divifion 
 arc not ofTowns,there being none worth naming, 
 but of Kingdoms, Dillrifts, or Provinces. 
 
 r 
 
 Benin, and 
 Slave Coaft *" 
 
 Ardra. 
 
 Fida. 
 
 enin. 
 
 .U 
 
 ' fPoidaon, 
 
 I Little Ardra, 
 Jackem, 
 < Jo]o. 
 j Ba. 
 I Ardra. 
 
 •■Car Ml. 
 . Awerri. 
 I Areho. 
 \ Biiededoe. 
 ' Ak,>ttun. 
 , Beni/i. 
 
 iiitlcant Dom 
 
 Otiicral of t 
 
 On thisG 
 
 from At.i)i til 
 
 fiibjeft toStc 
 
 fill, and prcx 
 
 known to us. 
 
 breed Croco< 
 
 variety of '<.e 
 
 iiials, and 1 -.ai 
 
 which are i T 
 
 to be Sav, ge 
 
 Ravifli W< am 
 
 which Anima 
 
 lilird on Occ; 
 
 !;iveH a very 
 
 Moflofthe 
 
 lienig free to 
 
 pal(Jrain,wh 
 
 The VV'onien 
 
 lidcs whicli, 1 
 
 iiigand Mutit 
 
 two Ek'plniiii 
 
 third of othci 
 
 llcrfe, or ot, 
 
 l;ngs to hirn. 
 
 iLiith l-*art of i 
 
 they offer to 1 
 
 round, as are 
 
 ftead ofa Wa 
 
 many Gates, 
 
 yr out at a ti: 
 
 Tlid'e Blac^ 
 
 Drr,nkein]cfs,( 
 
 to another •, 1 
 
 Jiitrope.iiis. So 
 
 by whirli thc^ 
 
 ters. The nii 
 
 the Flux, the 
 
 Age a Swellii 
 
 r.il Langu.igt 
 
 Diflance Iron 
 
 Fulgiui is the 
 
 gion, they al 
 
 ator ot 1 leavei 
 
 vvhatlbever, 
 
 the Deity ■, y 
 
 of the SouL 
 
 ui'e Circuniti 
 
 Malagueta, 
 
 Tlic mod Wellern of ihef.- three large Provin- 
 ces, has Aielli and Soiifos on tlie Nortli, Guinea 
 properly focall'd, on the Eaft, and the Ocean on 
 the South and Well, extending, according to the 
 moft receiv'd Limitation, to Cape P<j/;«.-h v tho" 
 Bofifum carries it no farther than S. John's River, 
 tlie Extent along the Coaft North-weft andSouth- 
 lall being lliort of 400 Miles, reckoning from 
 Surra Lcona to the alorefaid Cai^ie Palmas. Sierra 
 Leona is tlie Name of a Mountain, a River, and 
 a Kingdom i the Mountain focall'd by ihiPortii- 
 gticfa, becaufe the beating of the Sea againft it 
 iiiakesa Noifc, like the roaring of a Lion. This 
 is the firil Kingdom to the Wellward , and in it 
 tlie Xillage ui lonibi , where the F.ngliJ/i Ships 
 often Anchor, lip tluTntand is the Kingdom of 
 Miioiijho, whith Name the River of Sierra Leona 
 alfo bears, where is a Town t)r Villiige the Por- 
 uigiirja a\\ A.< Ala^naf, becaufe there are Lakes 
 
 and Marllies about it, and this that Nation have 
 polTefs'd theinlclves of to keep uther ay^thiopiaas 
 thence. 
 
 Next follows Quoja, reaching from tiic River 
 Afagitiba to that of S. Paid, on both Sides Cape 
 Monte, and has many Villages along the Rivers. 
 Above them, up the Land, are the Gala-jeys, about 
 the Springs of the River Af.tvah. Folgia an:! 
 Afanoe tend ftill tothe Southcaft, near two Ri- 
 vers the Portugiiefes call dos Jimcos, or of Rullies, 
 and do Arvoredo , of the Trees. Beyond that: 
 River dos Jimcos, is that which in a ftriftcr Senfe 
 iscaU'd, the Grain Coall, as producing thegrea- 
 teft Quantity, and moft reforted to for it. How- 
 ever the Trade here is inconfiderable, and more 
 efpecially of late Years. The Lords or Petty 
 Kings in all this Traft of Land are almoft as 
 many as the Villages, under no fewer Barbarous 
 Names, but moft of tliem pay fome Homage to 
 the King of the (t^oj n •, and therefore we lliall 
 not trouble the Reader with more of their infu^- 
 
 nificaiir 
 
 Contains t 
 from Cape P. 
 Miles in Leiig 
 iiig E.aftward 
 i-'ihcr, ('.^0 i 
 aikl Al.ilaguet 
 the Ocean. 
 
 This, accor 
 Subdivided in 
 full cxtendiii, 
 SiiCiio da Ciji. 
 Kiver I'Uta. 
 
 llie Ivory 
 I'leiity of El. 
 l-e:igucs to th 
 ^ ill-ige of I.. 
 t') an Antiior 
 t.uthcr on an 
 ^ud then the 
 Cape A.ivt'f, 
 
Of G VINE J. 
 
 nilicant Dominions , but only add Lmething in 
 Genetal of tliein all. 
 
 On tills Coiill, tho Winter or ramy Seafoti is 
 from .'l/.jy till Utiobc>\ the fitter part of it very 
 fubjeft to Storms. The whole Country is fruit- 
 ful, and produces abundance of Plants wholly un- 
 Kiiown to us. The R iviis of Mitgmbah MK\Al,tVith 
 breed Crocjdilesand River Hories. The Land has 
 variety of Reptiles and Fowl,and mod of our Ani- 
 iiuls,and : .any more never feen ni Europe -^ among 
 which are i fort of Satyrs in the Wcxjds, thought 
 to be Siiv. ge Men, altlio' void of Rcafon , who 
 Ravifli VV< men, if they find .in Opportunity. Of 
 which Animal Dr.7}for; in his Or,ini Oittan pub- 
 lilh'd on OccafuMi ot one brouj^ht to Loudon, has 
 given a very Learned Account. 
 
 Moft of thcfe People live upon Tilla!4e,tlie Land 
 being free to every Body, Rice being the princi- 
 pal (jrain, which tliey can gather thrice in a Year; 
 The Women work at it as mucli as the Men, bc- 
 fides which, tiie hitter employ themfelvcs in Filh- 
 ing and Hunting. I he King has one out of every 
 two Elephants, or Buffaloes thev take, and the 
 third of other Creatures-, but if it be a River- 
 llcrfe, or other Monilrous Creature, it all be- 
 longs to hitn. Befides, they give him about a 
 tenth Fart of all their Harvel^, and the firft Fruits 
 they offer to their Idol Belly. Their Houfes are 
 round, as are their \illages, Palifadoed about, in- 
 ftead of a Wall, with four Bulwarks, covering as 
 many Gates, fo narrow that only one can go in 
 or out at a time. 
 
 T!n.fe Blacks are muchaddiftedtoVenery, ind 
 Drunkenncfb,otherwil'e tlicy are good natur'd one 
 to another ■, but make no fcruple of robbing any 
 Juirvpe.in.'. Sorcery is much prailis'd among them, 
 by which they pretend to do extraordinary Mat- 
 ters. The mofl common Difeafes among them are 
 the Flux, the Small Fox, Mtagrims, and in old 
 Age a Swelling in tlie Tellides. There are I'eve- 
 ral Languages fpokcn among tlicm, at no great 
 Dillance from one another , but that they call 
 fo/i;i./j is the moil llniverlal. In Point of Reli- 
 gion, they all Acknowledge one only God , Cre- 
 ator of Heaven and Earth, and Adore no Creature 
 vvhatloever, nor admit of any Reprefentation of 
 the Deity •, yet titey have a fort of Invocation 
 of tlie Souls of their Ancellors , and generally 
 ul'e Circumcifion. 
 
 Guinea, properly fo call'd. 
 
 Contains the Ivory and Gold Coails, reaching 
 from Cape /'..'/w.r.', to the River A'c/r.;, about 600 
 Miles in l.engtii along the Sea Coaft, and border- 
 ing Eaflward on Be>::)\ Kortliward on Ziiiugf 
 1,1. h>\, ii.'go and At.ihcii>!i\i , Weftward on .S'fl//y»/ 
 and ALilngueta, and to the Southward lying along 
 the Ocean. 
 
 This, according to our common Acceptation, is 
 Subdivided into the Ivory and Gold Coalh ., the 
 fiill extending Irom Cape Piil/n.u to the River 
 Siieno da OJLi, and the other from thence to the 
 Kiver rUta. 
 
 1 lie Ivory Coaft is fo call'd from the great 
 Plenty of KKphants Teeth found there. About 5 
 Lciguis to the Ealhvard of C:ipe Pulnhis., is the 
 \ill.)geof L.i'L'-, belbre wl'.iih Ships often come 
 to ail Aiuiior to Trade, in 14 Fatliom Watery 
 firther on are tlie \'illages of icnero and T'i/ijof, 
 Kiid then the River of \ Aiuircw. Next follows 
 Cape L.i'.t'c, vvliere the Ivory Coall, properly fo 
 
 20^. 
 
 call'd Ends , and that a{QH.ii]n,i commences. Twij 
 Leagues trum Cape Lnhoe, is the Village of Cu- 
 trouywd Six Leagues fartlier that afJiitiiieU Hon ^ 
 Six Leagues from that is ''Jaqiies jaijiii-, where 
 wit'iin Musket-fliot of the Sliore there is ^o Fa 
 thc)in Water. The laft Village on this Coail, is 
 that of Corbie Lihoe, 
 
 The Natives here are rcckon'd as Polite as any 
 of their Neighbo'-.rs \ they hate Drunkenners,and 
 pretend to be .iverfe to alV Fraud in Trade. Their 
 Principal Commodities are Elephants Teeth, as 
 has been faid, and Cotton Cloth, thence call'd 
 
 Quiqua, which fignifies for indeed the Di- 
 
 ftinftion of the Ivory Coaft and that of Qjiaqux 
 is imaginary, the one being the Entlijh and the 
 otiier the Country Name. All this" Coaft, tho' 
 there be abundance of petty Princes, is Subjefl 
 to one Sovereign v»hom they call Sucoo, wliois 
 rnudi dieaded of all Ins Neighbours, not (o much 
 for his Power, as for the Opinion they have that 
 he can perform wonderful Things by Sorcery. One. 
 fundamental Law of this Government is, that eve- 
 ry Man muft remain in the Condition he wak born, 
 1<) that the Son of a Fiflierman muft follow that 
 Trade, the Son of a Merchant muft be of chat 
 Profeltion and fo of all others. Their Worlfiip 
 is Idolatrous and full of Superftition, and they 
 fometimes offer Men in Sacrifice. 
 
 The Gold Coaft, fo nam'd from tlie great Quan- 
 tity of that Metal brought thence, is divided in- 
 to eleven Diftnfts, with each of them i, 2, or j 
 Villages. Axon the firft of thofe Provinces^ was 
 once a confiderable Kingdom , now divided be- 
 tween the Dutch and the Brandcnburf^ers, the for- 
 mer of whom have a Fort there call'd S. Anto/nes^ 
 and the latter another 3 Miles Eaft of them,which 
 fcrve as a Check upon the Blacks. 3. ylme, or 
 HiMCy where by a Village call'd hifuma, the £ng- 
 lijb built a fmall Fort in 1691, and the Dutch have 
 another lefs than two Miles from it, call'd Baf'eu- 
 fieid, and four Miles from that another call'd O- 
 r.vigc. 3. Adorn, 4. Jabiy in neither of which 
 tliere is no Fort. 5. Co/m/hini, in which is the 
 Dutch Fort call'd f^redoi- Burgh, and a Musket 
 ftiot from it an tvgUfli oi)e,and within three Miles 
 another of the J)iitih, the moft famous of them 
 all, built by the Fortuguejies, and by them call'd 
 S. (Jtorge de la MitiUy or of the Mine, becaule of 
 tlie great quantity of Gold they got there. 6. t'etu, 
 and in it the Dutch Fort Conradsburg, and three 
 Miles from it i\\e.EngUjh of Cape Cor/, being the 
 bcft on all that Coaft,except 5. Oeorgc de la Minn, 
 andclofeby, another on a Hill which over-looks 
 the firft. 7. Stiboe, whereby the Village Afource 
 is the Dutch Fort Nafj'au. 8. b'untyn, in which 
 tiie Dutch have one Fort , the Englijh two, and 
 three Lodges. 9. yiouw, where the jD«fc/j in 1697. 
 built a Fort call'd LeydJa.i>nheyd,or Fort Patience. 
 10, AgofiM, with a wretched tnglijh Fort built 
 in 1694. And laftly, Aquamboc, where at the 
 V illage Acr.i, the EtigUjh, Dutch Aud Dana have 
 each of them a Fort. 
 
 All thel'e here mention'd are along the Coaft ^ 
 thole up the Inland are fo numerous, fo mconlicle- 
 rable and fo little known, that any Account of 
 them would rather tire than inform the Readt/, 
 they being all incer N'illages and their Territories, 
 with the Names of Kings to them, tho' many ot 
 their Kingdoms do not extend <j Miles. 
 
 To come to the Coaft in general, oar Summer 
 is their Winter, and the Contrary, the Summer 
 excellive Hot, as being within J or 6 Dej^rees of 
 
 1 'I 
 
 ii;:*!;: 
 
 '•i5i 
 
 ilh'iJ'H;' 
 
 
aio 
 
 Of G VINE A 
 
 the l.iiif. It is p.encrallv very unliealthvi hut 
 tlwt is vatlicr to StraDjjcrs tlian Natives, the un- 
 iil'iial IIiMtiiftlti; Staluii hfiiij^ fatal to tliol'c wlu) 
 .tie u>.'ci toroklii- (-liinatcb. Tliewliok' Coaft is 
 •ilinoll a CDntiiin'tl ('Iiaiii of Moutitaiiis, which 
 occalioiis j'.rear Mills to rife from the ^'alte\sa- 
 iimlll thi'in, and tliilir pn.vc vevy Infeftitnis. 1 he 
 greatcft fJilKMiipcrs ilie Natives aie fiibjeft to, arc 
 tile VVoi nil and Small I'ox ^ by which laft, many 
 Thiitiiiinds are (\vept away. 
 
 I i'.e Blarki are liere c.cncraliv Crafty nnd De- 
 ceitful, j;iven to Sloatli and Idlenels, and no lefs 
 Carelei's and Stupid, Their Heads tliey adorn 
 after fcveral Mannerf.nioiltenint', their Hair with 
 Oil, and faP.nini; Trinkets to it of fcverallbrts 
 of Coral, and are fo fond of Hats that they tliink 
 no Price too ^reat for tliem. Tlieir Arms, Ic^;?, 
 and W'aflcs are adorn'd with Gold and Coral. 
 Tlieir Cloatliiiij; is ? or 4 Yards of N'elvet, Silk. 
 Cloth or StulF wrapp'd about their Middle ajid 
 lunging down Iialf way tlie l.e^s. The poorer 
 fort wear jull as much as will rover tlieir Nakcd- 
 iiefs, and .ni old Hat, or a Cap made of Deers 
 Skin , or of Rulhes. The Women as in otlier 
 Couutriejgo finer than tlic Men, platting their 
 Hair, and wearn;^ much trold and Coral about 
 their Nctks, Arm^ and Lei;-, and fo L',reat a Quan- 
 tit\ about tlkir Walleas would hide their Naked- 
 neU, iftliey had noCloathsj which are like th^; 
 Mens, dillin^juilh'd only by b^'ing longer. 
 
 TlteCliiklren are I'utklec' two or tlu'ce Years, 
 and then no farther care tak.-n of Education, but 
 only j^ive thi'in lomething to Eat, and let tliem do 
 what they pleafe i only that they are all to follow 
 tlkir I'arents Eroieliion. I'lie common 1-ood is 
 Millet boil'd thick, with a little l^alm-Oil over it, 
 now and then (bme I illi, and Helli but very lel- 
 dom, or upon I'cltivals ■, but what tliey fpare in 
 Meat they make up in Drink, being extremely 
 f*ni(l of Brandy and l^llm-\^■ine. All their Handi- 
 crafts confill ill making of Wooden, or Earthen 
 (2ups and Trouglis, .\iatting. Copper Boxes for 
 Ointment, Bracelets and other Ornaments •, but 
 tho' they have lorry Tools tliey are good Smiths, 
 cipecially for making all forts of Arms, except 
 ( juns. Ihe Language differs very often, there being 
 7 or S feveral forts ipoken along the Gold Coaft. 
 
 The Kingdom of Benin , and Slave CoafV, 
 
 Both of them comprcliended under one Head, 
 as a Third liivilion of the Coait of O'ui/tci!, ex- 
 tend from tlie \ illagc of Popo, Eaft of Kio I'olr.i 
 to the River C.i/t::i)oau on tlie Eall, being about 
 Coo Miles in l.cngtii, and from the frontiers of 
 Zcf:,^cg oil tlie North, to the Ocean on the South, 
 which is about 400 Miles in Breadth. 
 
 On the Slave Coafl the tirft Kingdom we find 
 is that of yiiWf/-, or Ardnti reaching about iS 
 Leagues along the Coall, on which are the N'illa- 
 j^es of h'l.id.wn and Little Ader. Northward from 
 Ardcy about a League is tke Town of J.ickci/!^ 
 tncompal's'd witli a Ditch, fillM from a River. 
 Three days Journey up the f.and, is t!ie N'illage 
 of jojrj, and half a League fromit, that of Ji.i, 
 wliere the King's Cjovernour refides. Eigliteeii 
 1 eagues North North-eaft from the Coaft is (i-fc.it 
 yJ'ucr,n\\ open Town, but very Large,tlie Houfes 
 I'cattenng, and the Relidence of tlic King. This 
 Country does not aj,ree with Eit'Opcms , and 
 the I'ortot /'"/If, often proves fatal to tliem, and 
 yet they rel'oit ihitlkr very much for Slaves. As 
 
 for tlic I and it is pood, beiii£» Tnoft plain anc! 
 fruitful, \ieldinp, Millet, I'alm VVmj, all lorts 
 of I'lants and fruits, \yliich laft all thi Yeir^ 
 hefides iicre is pleiitv of Salt, and a rnilider.ib'e 
 breed of Horfes. Tlie Houles ronlill nf MnCi 
 Walls thatch'd •, their Diet all forts of liih, Rn-f^ 
 Milletj and Herbs. Their Cnlioins and Man- 
 ners clifTer little from their Neighbours. 1 lie 
 King is abfoliite, and arcDrdiiu'Jy dilpofos of 
 all things at I'leafnre ■, but as to Religions .Mat- 
 ters, tho' they have no pnblick Teiripies or Af- 
 femblies, thefe Blacks arc more Siiperflitioiis tliaii 
 any before fi»iken of, and have .1 greater num- 
 ber of Idols. 
 
 A little Kaftward of Pnpn begins the C(«intry 
 of I'td.i, extending that Way as far as Kto /,/. 
 f,os on the Coalf, and has a Road and Port, but 
 (i) very dangerous that abundance of Men are 
 loft tliere going afliore, yet all i'lirnpctn Nati- 
 ons Trade here fir Slaves, and the Land makes 
 foine amends for the D.in^rrs of the Sea, being 
 full of fmaU, and fome conliderable \'illages, and' 
 all the reft of the I and is a moll beautiful Pro- 
 fpeft, being covcr'd with Grafs, Corn, and an 
 innumerable number of Lruit-Trees ftanding fo 
 thick , that in manv Places there in only a 
 fmall Patii betwixt tliem , tlic Blacks plant- 
 ing all that will bear, and fiwing as IIhiii ase- 
 ver they have reap'd, and tlie Soil lb grateful 
 that it fully aniwers tlieir ExpciSf.itions. How 
 far it reaihcs up Northward into the Inland is 
 not known, none having vet ha/arded tiiem- 
 felves to Travel tliat way. beranle of the Dan- 
 ger there is in trufting to thole People far 
 from tlie Sea Coaii. Lliefe Blacks are more ge- 
 nerous than anv others on that Colli, and cour- 
 teous in tlie hii'Jieft degree, always kneeling to 
 their Superiors, and even Equals to one another. 
 Induliry and Labour are peculiar to tlit-m a- 
 moiig thole People, for thcv are never Idle, but 
 working at feveral llanclicrafts, and p.n'ticniarly 
 weavingand fninning of Cotton Clotli, I'orging, 
 and Ilusbandrv, the Women taking as irauii i'ains 
 as the Men. In return for thele i';«^d C^iiali- 
 tic--, tliev are the greatell Lhievcs in the World, 
 lb tiiat few Sliips Tnide thither without loliiig 
 conliderable (I'.iantities of (joods, and no repa- 
 ration to be had. They wear feveral Clothes, 
 the richell they ran get, wrapp'd about their 
 Bodies i)ne over aiKJther. It is a millake which 
 many believe, that Parents here fell their Chil- 
 dren, Huibands their Wives rs-c. tor this is 
 never done without fome great Crime commit- 
 ted ^ but all the Slaves here liild, are Prilbners 
 taken in War. Thefe poor \\' retches are pack'd 
 4 or 500 ill a Ship, and in that milerable ccm- 
 dition tranfported to ytnierici. The King is 
 honour'd as a Demi-God , and the number ol 
 their Deities is lb great that none of tlicinl'elve* 
 can determine it, but Snakes are of the greatell 
 X'eneratioii among them of all others. forCat- 
 tcU they have the fame with us , as all<i tame 
 Fowl, and infinite nuantities of wild •, and the 
 (jround produces ail iWupe.m Plants that are 
 fow'don it, belkles plenty of verv ginid liidig", 
 which the Natives nfe f.'r dying their own 
 Clothes. The Weapons us'd by tliem are Mul- 
 quets, Bows^ Arrows, Hangers, Darts, and 
 Clubs •, but tliey and their Neighbours of ylcr.r 
 are generally rank Cowards. 
 
 The Kingdom of Bihi?/ begins at the River 
 Lav/js 01) the Weft, and runs to t'.iat of Cim.i- 
 
Of CONGO. 
 
 rottts on the Eaft, wliicli p.irts it IVotn fr,//<o, 
 Iiavinc Zeit^tg and ^/w on the North, and the 
 Ocean on the Soiu!i, 
 
 Iktwixt Afi^iojunil the River uf liou'i^ othet- 
 vvilecali'd A/o fVwo/s '"■ '''« litautiful River, 
 there are 11) Haces wortli takiiiR notice of Init 
 only one N'ill.ige cali'd Ctrm. I he l.ill of the 
 two Riveri ahove-mc\ition'd divides it (elf into 
 ieveral branches. A bent a Mile above the Mouth 
 of ir. At the Town of Avtrri, the Purtni.iicjv! 
 have ,1 I.odi^e and <. lunch, and ihi- i'lace lias a 
 particular Kin^, v.Iio does not look upon hnnlelf 
 as a Suhject to hirn of Hoim. Near 60 Miles 
 hiijher is the Town of Aiibo, ilie I radnu', I'lace 
 of all Lini'feMis, loi' any Ships may fcio niucli 
 higher up the River. Here tlie />//'(/' and /'»<- 
 tityjifjr; liill drive a Trade, but the £/;i;//y/» have 
 not of late, lower towards the ^'o!ull is the 
 Village of BocAcdi'c, and hijilar, tliat ot Agit- 
 nn, now almoll ruui'd. A IJay's Journev lugh- 
 er is the City of i'.reat liaiin^ fo cali'd bccaufc 
 ihebert in thofc Kirts, and the Rclidenceofth.- 
 Kiuji^. The Streets arc of a valt Lnit:5th and 
 I5readtli, and in them a continual Market kept 
 of all forts of I'rovifious and otiier Coniinodi- 
 ties, t!ie lioufes lari',s and handloine, tho' the 
 Walls he of Mad and the top of Thatch, and 
 they Hand fcattcring, and at a dillance from one 
 another. The Inhabitants are all Natives, and 
 no Foreit^ners permitted to relide in it. The 
 Kin^','s Ralace is a (j,ood Structure of the fort , 
 and very lar!',e, and all the StrcL'ts kept very 
 • lean. The I'cople are good r.atur'd and courte- 
 ous, complying', to any thing by lair means, but 
 no way to he prevail'd upon by foul. Their Ha- 
 bit is decent, after the manner of thofe Parts, 
 but the Children go Hark naked. 
 
 it is not worth wliile to ("peak of tlie other 
 Villages in this Country, there being nothing re- 
 markable ill them but what has already been (aid 
 111 Ipcaking »)f thole before-mention'd. The Coaft 
 here turns away to the Southward, and then the 
 next River of Note is that of lorc.iilos, from 
 which holding on the liune Courfe, we come to 
 (Jape h'orwofo, (.r Beautiful, and then turning 
 ai.',ain to the i'.ailwarti, there is a confiderable 
 Kiver, cali'd Rio Red Ue CMbari, next Rio del 
 
 21 [ 
 
 Fry, and lartly, Riodc C/w.j>-<jWi-, the boundary 
 of this Country. Tims much of tlic Coaft, f)r 
 the inland is not known to us any farti.er tlian 
 a little up tlie Rivers, forty leagues up the 
 River h'oictdm is the Town of Onver)\i, where 
 the King of that C^ountry iiolds his Court, and 
 to the W'elhvard lie tlie Provinces and petty 
 Kingdoms of the yh/ibuiJa^C.l.ibari, Kiihe^A/j- 
 1(1, and /?!/;;, 
 
 The Country is generally plain, wooded, well 
 water'd, except only in (ome Places wliere the 
 l.ift is Icarcc. It al)ounds in all forts of tame 
 Cattel and Poultry i befides Elephants, lions, 
 and Tigers, but of the lirft of them prodigious 
 Number', as alfo jackals. Monkeys, and _ Ba- 
 boons, the Produd of the Earth is no lefs va- 
 rious, as moll: forts of (jrain and Pruit ; and 
 the Natives make feveral Dyes, as ("ireen, Blue, 
 Black, Red, and Yellow. The chief Money is 
 a (ort of Shells brought from Ifuiij , which 
 tliey call Doifut. 
 
 huropc:iiii have all the encouragement imaginable 
 to Trade here, the I'eopte being as courteous and 
 obliging as any in the World, and the Duties 
 they pay lo inconfiderable, that they do not a- 
 mount to above five or fix Pounds flerling fora- 
 nyShip. The Commodities Cent thither are all 
 lorts of Cloth, from the ridieft to the pnoreft 
 Linen •, fine Earthen Ware, Preferves, Bracelets 
 of Copper, Coral, Pendants, Looking-glalTes, 
 Iron in Bars, Crvftat, and Shells, which lad 
 ferve inftead of Money. In exchange for thefe 
 things they receive Cotton Cloth, which they 
 fell along the Coail, Slaves, and Elephants Teeth. 
 
 Their Religion teaches them to worlhip abun- 
 dance of Idols, and even living Creatures and 
 \'egetables. The Pricfts are all Sorcerers, or 
 fuch as inipofe on the People by jugling Tricks, 
 fo that they are all full of intolerable Supcr- 
 ftitions, much like what has been already faid of 
 the other Parts of (ntlnea, whicli it is time we 
 fliould leave to proceed, having in the defcriptioii 
 of tliis Country made particular ule oi Boj man's 
 delcription of Guinea, as the latell Account of 
 thofe Parts, only fupplying from others what 
 was deficient in him. 
 
 ■'':¥\ 
 
 %m 
 
 11'? 1 
 
 c M A P. xvir. 
 
 Of C O N G O. 
 
 '"1*11 IS Country taken in the largeft Senfe. 
 I as we heie dei'cnbe it , will be fouucl 
 J*^ to extend from about 10 Degrees of 
 Korlh Latitude to 15 South, amounting to 15CO 
 Miles in Leiv.th, aiid 720 in Breadili from EalV 
 to \\ ell in the laigelt Place. On the North it 
 tuurlies upon tlie Kiiu;,dom ot lienin in Ciuineu ; 
 /..ihj'.r, ,1 and /I'tvv.v/ in ^^'igroLind, and a fmall 
 part ol J>}uI>:j •, the Eaft fide lies along the Up- 
 
 per and lower t/£thiopia j on the South it has 
 the Coaft of the Cafra, and on the Weft the 
 Southern, or ty£thiopick Ocean. 
 
 The moll certain Divifion we find of it, not 
 to defcend to inconfiderable Diftrifts, fome of 
 which will be mention'd under the particular 
 Provinces they belong to, is intothefe principal 
 Parts with their feveral Towns, as in the fol- 
 lowing Table. 
 
 i'ii 
 
 Biafara, 
 
Ill 
 
 Of CONGO. 
 
 A liiiifax 
 
 Biafarn 
 
 Medra. < Mtdnt. 
 
 ra. < 
 
 Lo.wgo, or I ^'y'J^ 
 the landof^ ^.^,^/; 
 
 th 
 Btiiniiis, 
 
 Anzico.- 
 
 Cl.n.mfo. 
 Miyiiiiih.i by 
 
 OH/l,!). 
 
 Siriii. 
 S.,laly. 
 , K^Mahonde. 
 
 Biafira, 
 
 The Northern Dominion of thisTrafl of land 
 we arc to dcliribe, reaches that Way to the 
 Liiiid of iXe^roti, on tlie Halt is parted by Moun- 
 tanis from the Kmndomof Afitlr,i, on the South 
 reaches to the 4th Oep/ee of Nortli latitude , 
 where it joins with the Kingdom ot Lomi^^u , 
 and on the Welt piirtly borders upon lltnw, and 
 partly lies upon ilie Ocean. The C^amtalbear- 
 "nu; tlie fame Name, is in about 6 DcRrees ol 
 North latitude, towards the Frontiers of Bc- 
 >ti'/, and a Place much like thole already menti- 
 on 'd, tliatis, anopen fcattering\'illa(ic without 
 any fUuldinj^s of Note. This Country being 
 inotl inland, is little known to us, fcarccany 
 Europeans Traclint; to it. The Natives are fo ve- 
 ry mudiaddiiK'dto Sorcery, tliat tlicy imagine 
 they have Power toraife Storms, and do other 
 extraordinary things beyond the Power of Man, 
 and for tliis reafon they I'erve the Devil I" 
 zealoufly, as even to I'acrihce their own Chil- 
 dren tohiui. 
 
 Medra, 
 
 The next Kingdom on the Eaft, is feparated 
 from Bi.ij'ir.i on the Eaft by Mountains •, on the 
 oppofite fide joins to ?ALthiopid, on the North 
 to A'cgrul.ind^ and on the South to Loaugo, The 
 Metropolis is alio call'd A/cUr.i, an inconfidcra- 
 hle Place next to lAithispiit^ and all the Country 
 little freciuenttd by Strangers, particularly for 
 being remote from tlie Sta, as alio becaule it 
 lies nnich buried among Mountains, and produces 
 nothing to attract the Avarice of Men, for 
 wliich Keafon the Inhabitants are rude, and ad- 
 dicted to theSuperltitions of their Neighbours. 
 
 Loaiigo, , 
 
 OtTierwife call'd the Country of the Bramas, 
 coiiiinences Northward at tlie River call'd 6'. 
 llenno^ and extends its Coail, being the Welt 
 frde, down to the River /.o.W;'», Loiiiz.e, which 
 is from two iX'greestjf North 1 atitude to about 
 ffx Soutli, where it borders on the Kingdom of 
 CicoMfio, as it docs Eallward on the Ambes, 
 a People of <!A:iijiopi.i^ and Northward on Bla- 
 j.ira and Mcdr.t. 
 
 Coiiiingdown thisCoaft from the Northward, 
 »lter paUiiuj, the River 5. toii''-^ which is the 
 
 Cacongii 
 
 { 
 
 Concho, Properly 
 fo lalld. 
 
 Caroiic^o. 
 Mtilembt/t. 'J 
 
 fS. Sniviuior. 
 I Pcnhi. 
 
 Biiiiib.i, 
 J Soidjo. 
 ^ Sundf. 
 
 PiinL\o. 
 
 Batta. 
 \Ji. Paid de Ltittide, 
 
 MapoHji^a, 
 
 Angola. 
 
 f A'f.lpOH^U 
 
 jDtnuv. 
 ' Bcwitila, 
 
 Boundary, tlie hrft we meet is that of S.yjim 
 and below it Cape .V. Jnbi, and tlie liay of the 
 fune Name, into whicli the River y]ni:,>:i falls, 
 the laft the only Place the /)«n/; ever refort to. 
 The Blacks all along this Coall arc lari'.e and 
 (trong of Body, every Village having its 'parti- 
 cular King, and they always at \V..r among 
 themfelves. At tlie entrance of tlie aforeliiid Hay 
 is an Illand call'd Corijca . on the Soutli fide 
 whereof is the Anchoring Place, in about 40 
 Minutes of North Latitude. Next follows the 
 River Gabun under the 1 mc , which breeds 
 Crocodiles, and River 1 lories, .ind at the Mouth 
 of It two finall illands, e of vvhicli tlie Na- 
 tives call 7'flH^o, and th' lu/jtlie King's ill.nid, 
 becaule the King refidi ere ■■, tlie other is the 
 Illand of the I'arrots, , n the Multitude of 
 thofc Birds. South of the Line about 44 Mi- 
 nutes is Cape Lom (;c>i:.alezy next the Mouth 
 of the River Ulibata, where the greateft Trade 
 IS of all thofe Parts, and tlie petty King lives 
 6 ot J Leagues up the Country. The next 
 after lliefe arc the Rivers of 5. Ciithcritie, Setre, 
 Aiayiiiitba, and laftly, l.oiw^o, Lniitz.e. 
 
 Tlie Dominions of the King of l.nMio extend 
 no farther than the Kingdom of \ c.ith.ir»ie, 
 and formerly this Fratt of land was divided 
 into many Provinces, as thofe of I.oa.Tri^Loaii- 
 p^niNongo, Cbdotno, Piri, &.'c. under as many petty 
 Kings, who had blootly Wars among themfelves, 
 and were i'o barbarous as to eat one another,, 
 till he of Luaiitt^o having at length liibdued all 
 the reft , all this became one Monarchy. 
 
 The CoiKiuerour fettled hisRefideiue at Loan- 
 ^0, which the Blacks call Bo.iii^ or Rnri, a Town 
 tou» or five Miles in Compafs, but the Houfcs 
 are not contiguous, and the Streets wide, kept 
 very clean, with rows of Palm and Bm.ic.i 
 Trees before the Doors , and fometimes riuitc 
 aliout the lloules. iJifiu the King's Palace is 
 a very large SijuArc, Palifado'd in, with abun- 
 dance of Houfcs about it for his Womcii, who 
 have fometimes eight in a Houfe, and are Itridt- 
 ly guarded, not being allow'd to go out of the 
 Square without his Leave. The Houles are long, 
 and the Roofs flat in the middle, and llielviiig 
 off on the lidcs. Every Houfe h.is 3, 4, or J 
 Rooms. Their Houlliold Goods are Pot Cala- 
 ballies. Baskets, Mats, &c. 
 
 Other Towns are rather Villages, here arc 
 Ka'd^ B'ichc, SiUiijYy Alaluiidc, Sclic, K.uc. Ix- 
 fides whicli wc raay reckon the Province and 
 Town oi A'fayii/iiba, leatcd at the Mouth of the 
 
 Kiv.v 
 
 River of th 
 the Itihalntat 
 fis to fomc 
 (,'olibi are al 
 but now all 
 
 All this ( 
 VMuat, Mil 
 Fruits not ; 
 forts of He 
 harco, Sii'.'.ar 
 /iidi.t i'eppc: 
 try, it is io 
 or nothing. 
 
 The Nativ 
 voluptuous, 
 and iViendly 
 ril is all ol 
 iher, being 
 the- Body iij 
 fort wear ir 
 on tlnir An 
 ct, thev cat i 
 chief 1 rade 
 which are tt 
 but they alf 
 whifii tluy I 
 
 In Ri'ligic 
 a dark Notio 
 /'(//;«o, but ai 
 pcrllitioUb, c 
 try S^)irits 1 
 ftrange I'owi 
 cording! y th 
 like iVien, ai 
 one to his o\ 
 fits, a Name 
 they imagine 
 or d g tht 
 leiei , or [uj 
 lubtle Arts. 
 
 Is a large 
 from the Sea 
 Northward 1 
 Lwd, Weftw 
 and Confo ■, 
 and Eaftwarc 
 reckon'd as 
 frick, the fu 
 Kings under 
 principal Ci 
 are red and 
 has more Rhi 
 are lent thei 
 
 All the Pe( 
 gorous, and 
 the EiiropCiTi-ii 
 tlicin-, for tl 
 Hclli as pii! 
 Beef or Miit 
 the lame Rij 
 his Cattel. 
 pie of devou 
 their Childr, 
 VValte upw.ii 
 Valves as In 
 Children, \vl 
 liiiinan tnou; 
 barbarous, 11 
 Colli , and i 
 
CONGO, 
 
 Ricer of the Ctinc N.im?, whence upon Floods 
 fhe Iiiliahitaiitsarc ii!)liL','cl tu ruinovc their Hou- 
 ffs to fiimc other I'lace. Cyloni^o^ Seie , mid 
 (ioibi ;irc iilliilittle Territories, uncc Kingdoms, 
 but now ;ill I'libii'^l ti) l.o.wi;/'. 
 
 All this r.oimtrv in t;ciienil produces Indiin 
 VMuat, Millet, .iikI :i prodii;ioiis vyricty of 
 Vniits not at ;iH known ainoiu; iis, as alf" .ili 
 fdrts of Herbs, as well eatable as others-, To- 
 barco, Su'.'.ar, I'carlet i'ernes, Cotton, and H'dh 
 hidi.t I'cpper •, and as for all Cartel and Poul- 
 try, it i'' f" plentiful that they ii'll it for little 
 or iiotliiiii;. 
 
 Tlie Natives are (Ironi',, vigorous-, wellfliap'd, 
 voluptuous, iealou> of Stranf.ers, yet courteous 
 and iViciidly to tholi: they know. Their Appa- 
 rel is all of I'alm Leaves curioully wove toge- 
 ther, beinn only from the \S'afle downwards, 
 the Body upwartU beiUK Naked ^ but tlie better 
 fort wear many Oriiauu-nts of (.jold and Coral 
 oil tlnir Arms, legs, and Necks, lor their Di- 
 et, thev eat all llelli, much Killi and Millet. The 
 chief Trade of the Country coiifills in Slaves, 
 which are the ^reateft Wealth of thofe Blacks ■, 
 but they alii' fell Ivory, Tin, lead and iron, 
 which tliey brni); very Kir from '.^Ethiopia. 
 
 In Ki'ligiou, Matters, thel'e People have but 
 a dark Notion of God, whom they call Sambiaii 
 I'uiiio^ but are on the contrary cxtravat^antly fu- 
 pcrilitious, caliinjT, upon the Houlhold and Coun- 
 try Spirits or Dimons, attributim^ to them 
 ftraiige I'cnver, according to their hmfies. Ac- 
 cordingly tlicy make all Ibrts of Idols , fome 
 like Men, and otiiers of feveral Shapes, every 
 one to Ills own lanfie. 1 hele tliey call Afoiki- 
 fill, a Name comprehending all thiiiRs, which 
 they imagine have a fecret Power ofhurtin};, 
 ur d :i them good. 'Ihcir Priells arcallSor- 
 teic; , or Juglers, that impofe on them by their 
 tubtle Arts. 
 
 Anzico 
 
 Is a large Dominion np the Inland, remote 
 trom the Sea, and among Mountains, extending 
 Northward to the Defarts leadin.', to Ncgiii- 
 l.wd, VVeflwavd it lies along Loaiif^o , Caco/i^o^ 
 and Coif'o ; Southward it reaches to Anti^ol.i^ 
 and Eaftward to the Lower n^-Ethiopia. This is 
 reckoii'd as potent a Kingdom as moft in A 
 frick, the fupreine Monarch having 13 petty 
 Kings under him, and is call'd Aiutaco. Ihe 
 principal Cominndities this Country affords , 
 are red and white Sanders, and Copper ^ but it 
 has more Rhinocerolil'j than any other, and tliey 
 arc lent tiience to Cungo. 
 
 All the People here are ae^ive, haudfome, vi- 
 gorous, and undauiiteH :, but being very brutal, 
 xhi h.uropc.Tas have litiie or no Commerce with 
 tliem ■, for tliey are .Man-eaters , and fell that 
 Helh as publickly in the Niarkets as we do 
 Beef or MutUjii, believing that ceery Man has 
 the lame Right to eat his Prifoner or Slave as 
 his Cattel. Nay, the Children make no fcru- 
 ple of devouring their Parents, or the Parents 
 their (liildrtn. Ihey go all Nakv:d from the 
 Walk upward, iiid every Man has as many 
 Wives as he pleales, nev..r taking care for the 
 Children, wliieh lomctimes the Mothers are in- 
 human eiiou;;'i to devour, llieir Language is 
 barbarous, tiieir Money only Shells found on the 
 Cei.lt , and call'd Sywbof. Iheir Weapons are 
 
 »'? 
 
 very llronR, tho" fm.ill Bows cover d with Snake* 
 Skins. The Arrows of a hard Wood, which 
 they let Hy with a wonderful Dexterity. Be 
 fides they life Battlc-Axcs and Daggers, with 
 Bucklers. 
 
 The Sun is their principal Deity, whom they 
 reprefent like a Man, and the Moon like a Wo- 
 man, belides whicii they liave abundance of I- 
 dols. In this Kingdom are a People call'd 7.;xw. 
 who are the cruellel^ of all the Man-eaters, anci 
 h.ivedifperfeil theinfeivcs throughout feveral Parts 
 ol Ajrak. The ancient /4«,(;«/r/« iiiy, thefc !7.»- 
 ^"J arc Strangers who fettled in that Kingdom, 
 and they are reported to have come from AVrr^ 
 Lron.i^ and to have over-run all the Coall, till 
 being weakned by many Engagements, and not 
 able to return home, they went up the Country, 
 and coming to the Frontiers o{ Afonomotapa, were 
 there defeated, whereupon they fettled in yin' 
 t/Vc, and about Anpola. 
 
 Cacongo 
 
 Has the Ocean for its Boundary on the Weft, 
 the Iliver Lo.wgo Loitife on the North, and 
 that of Ziire on the Weft and South, running 
 np the Inland as far as An^ico, The Capital 
 bearing the fame Nam?, is pleafantly featecl on 
 the River feveral Miles from the Sea, well built 
 for thofe Countries, anc plentifully fupplicd with 
 Provifions. 
 
 The River Cicoiif^o runs ciuite acrofs the Coun- 
 try tromEaft to Weft, ;.nd fiills into the Ocean 
 in about 5 Degrees J South Lititude. South- 
 ward of the Rive-- is the Village of Muhmba^ 
 where the Sea mak-s a Bay, and there is good 
 Anchoring for Ships. All the reft of the Coaft 
 to the Mouth of the River Z.iire is very dange- 
 rous, being full of Rocks and Hats. The Coun- 
 try is very woody and mountainous, and neither 
 fruitful nor well till d. The Natives are falfe, 
 changeable, quarrelfome, and yet Cowards. All 
 the Trade is at AhUmbJ, where the Dutch and 
 PortiigHtfcs fell fome forts of Cloth, Iron Ware, 
 and other Commodities, which the Cicongej'es fell 
 farther up the Country, and return Slaves. The 
 Manners of the People and Religion are the 
 liime as at Loan^o. 
 
 1 he Kingdom of Angoij is the Southern Part 
 uf C.tcovgo next the River Zaire, and indepen- 
 dent of It, tile Inhabitants being People of more 
 Courage, and who would foon liibdue that Coun- 
 try were they not kept under by their Neigh- 
 bours. The Province of Lcmba, fo call'd from 
 its Metropolis, is another Limb of CacongOj 
 and fubjeit to it, and having a Copper Mine, 
 is reforted to by tAiuropeans for that Metal. 
 
 Congo, properly fo call'd. 
 
 Runs along the Ocean on the Weft from the 
 great River Zaire, which parts it from Angoi) 
 and Cicu/igo on the North, to that of Coa/ii.a di- 
 viding it hom Angola on the South, that is, from 
 6 to 10 Degrees of South Latitude. On the 
 Eaft a ridge of Mountains feparates it from fe- 
 veral Eaftern Nations little known to us, of 
 which we iliall in its place lily as much as 
 can be found in the beft Accounts. 
 
 This Kingdom is generally divided into 6 Pro- 
 vinces, viz. Saiiho, BJ/nbii, Smida, Pemba, Pango^ 
 and Baita. Soribu, the firil and moft Northerly, 
 H h h kie» 
 
 .,'(. 
 
11^ 
 
 CONGO. 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 tf! 
 
 ties between the Rivers j?.i/>f and ylmhrtz.1 
 North and 'iouth, and reaches to Pcmha Eaft, 
 with the Ocean on tlieVVeft. It is divided un- 
 der fcveral petty Lords , who were formerly 
 independent, but now lubjeft to the Kinj; of 
 Covgo. The Capital callcl alio 5o;f/w, is I'eated 3 
 Leai^nes above the Mouth of the River Ldimittt. 
 Befic'es it, here is a N'illage call'd I'lnde^ now 
 become c onfiderable by the Trade of the Per- 
 tiigiirjcs, who hold it of the King. 
 
 Biimba is next to the Southward call'd a Duke- 
 dom, and reaching from the River ylrnhnd a- 
 bove-ineiuion'd,on the l>l.;rth, tothat ofCoii>ii.i!, 
 partint" it from j4n^ol:i on i!ie South, with Pcm- 
 ha on the Eaft. This Province has a Diike, or 
 chief Lord, fubjeft to the King of CW/^o, and 
 under him tlie Country is liibdivided into many 
 little States not wortli naming, which all pay 
 Cbedieiice to the Duke. Kitn.ba is alio the Name 
 of the Metropolis, which is alio .1 very large 
 Town, hut built as the others above-nicntionVI, 
 the Houl'es at a diftance from one another, and 
 all of mud Walls, but lome Churches are a lit- 
 tle better Plafter'd. Its Situation is amidfi: Hills, 
 far from the Sea,aud water d by two Rwulets.The 
 Duke of liiimhdis the greatell Subjeft of Congo, 
 and General of the Kuig's Army, iiaving abun- 
 dance of i'st/dj, or lefler Lords under his Com- 
 mand. The Hlacks here being generally (-hrifci- 
 ans, as in the reft of 0/p,«. Here are abundance 
 of Mulatto's, beini' the Sons of Portiigiicjei , 
 and many white and black I'riefts. .S'. P<ml tie 
 Lo:Mc\a\s a Town on thi. Southern Coaft of this 
 Duktdoin, poflcls'd by the I'omigitep s ever (ince 
 they firft difcover'd this Country, and convert- 
 ed it, but many of the Inhabitants are Hlacks 
 and Mnlattoes, thefe latter bred between the 
 Wliites and the Blacks living there. This is the 
 Capital of all the Paiiiiutfe IXiminious in thole 
 Farts. The Ditich once took it, but were beat- 
 en out again, f-lcre relides tlie liilbopc^f Co?7^o 
 and Jrigotn, with a Chapter of 8 or 9 Canons. 
 Tlie Religious 1-loufes are three of jf'iiit.i, bare- 
 foot C.irwilitcs, and Fr.vnijciws. Of thele tlie 
 fivfl keep schools, and all of them labour in in- 
 flructing tlic Natives. The Ci^y is large aiid_ 
 beautiful enough ■■, the Houies of the Whites of 
 Lime and Stone til'd, aitd thofe of the BlacKs 
 mud Walls thatdi'd. Ihe firft of thele are 
 about ;coo, tlie number of the latter much great- 
 Kir, becaufe Ibme Whites have one, two,or three 
 hundred of them, and fome 5000 for their Slaves i 
 for he who ha? moll is richcft, becauli; they 
 work abroad, and pay their MalK-rs a fet Rate 
 a Day. Two of them carry their Mafter about 
 the Town in a Hammock, and a tliird holds an 
 Uinbrello over him. Tfee generality of tlie Wo- 
 m^ii here lord it over their Husbands , and 
 fcarce ever fto to Church, ln« never f.ul of ap- 
 peariiii', at all publick l)iverlii..is. Tlie Mnl.tttij 
 Men, got between Whites and Blackf,arc a wick- 
 ed Generation, proud and haughty, and nilult- 
 ing the poor Natives without any Mercy, nor 
 are rlie Wlrttes lefs guilty of ti)ii Barbarity , 
 making no icruple to fell their own Children 
 they get on thole pooi People. The Blacks are 
 all slaves to the Whites, ana work for them, and 
 all Chriltians, but by theircourl'eof Life they ap- 
 ixa; to be none of tiie bcfL The current Coins 
 tere aix- wh.<t they call AticcWiti, being pieces 
 of Straw Cloth as bi^ as a large piece of Pa- 
 per, anlwrrable tootu Brals InlleaU of Silver 
 
 Ihey ufe pieces of Cotton Cloth as big as two 
 Handkerchiefs, and worth about 18 U. each. 
 Another finer fort is worth 1. s. 6<i. Tlie bell 
 fort, call "d Bir,i/)ii, and aiifwenng our Gold is 
 made of line I inen, and worth 7.'. (>ct or 8.'. 
 each. No Gold, Silver, or Brals Coins are heie 
 made ufe of. 
 
 .s'/W.j is an Inland Northern Province along 
 the River Zaire, Faft of Sonho, Weft r,( P^o.^o 
 and North of /Vwt.j and Hutu; tlie Metropo- 
 lis of it, and Relidenceof its \'iceroy i.; a large 
 Town bearing tlie fame Name, towards the Eron- 
 tieis of Pair^ii. 
 
 Pcnihti lies South of Siind.t, Eaft of P^imb.i 
 North of /hifol.i, and Weft of Batt.t. This is 
 the prime Province, and in it the Capital City 
 of all ' ofiii^o, by the Natives call'd Ji,ini..i, anct 
 by the Porti:iitejfs S. SMvador, or S. Saviour 
 wliere the King keeps his Court. It is alinof? 
 ill tlic middle of the Province, about 150 Miles 
 from the Sea, feated on a Hill that overlooks 
 all the Country , and all fliaded with Palm, 
 Limon, Orange and other 1-ruit Trees, wall'd 
 only ill part, but the King's Palace is endos'd 
 by it fell. The top of the Hill is all inhabited 
 by the better fort, the meaner below in good 
 Streets, but the Houfes all of Clay, except Ibme 
 few the Portugucjcs have built of Brick. The 
 Palace is as large as a little Town, ;ind witliiit 
 It three Churches, and in the Town ten or twelve, 
 belides the Cathedral, and feven Chapels. 
 
 P'Wgo is to the North Eail of Siwd:!, along 
 the River Z.iircy North of B.itta, and has tlie 
 Mountains of the Sun dividing it from the bar- 
 barous Nations. Its principalTown, where the 
 Govemour relides, is call'd by the fame Name. 
 This was once a free Province, but fuhmitted to 
 file King of c «;;(;!) to put an end to tlie bloody 
 Wars which had long confum'd it. 
 
 Bjtta, formerly j^'^ifymb.t, is on the Eaft of 
 Pcmb.i, South o\' Sii^fd.i, Weft of thole they call 
 the burnt Monntains, and North of yJngoLi. 
 The Aietropolis of it is alio call'd yt'./fr/, ftand- 
 iiig ill a fruitful Country, all along the Road 
 from which to S. Sidv.idor there are abundance 
 of Houfes. To the Eaftward of diis l^rovince 
 is another call'd Uiango, which according to an- 
 cient cullom is always covern'd by a Woman, 
 who is fubordinate to tlie N'iceroy of Batia. 
 Thefe People,wlio have fcarce ever been vifited by 
 t.mopcMs, report, that to the Eaft of them there 
 are white Men, but not to white as thofe of 
 our Parts. 
 
 I his Kingdom is extraordinary well watcr'd 
 by iiiiny conliderable Rivers , the chiefeft of 
 tliele is the Z:tiii, coming out of the vafl Lake 
 of the fame Name in the Kingdom of /V/j/;//;/!./. 
 In the Lake it is contidcntlv reported , that 
 there IS a fort of Kifhes which difler in nothing 
 from Mankind but in the want of Speech and 
 Realoii , and this t'.Eamis dc Puvm, a Miflion- 
 er, who before would not believe it, was lliown 
 by the Queen of S.ne,*, on the fame Lake, In 
 the Rwer there ure many Mermaids , loine- 
 what relembling a Woman in the Breafts, Nip- 
 ples, Hands, and Anns, but the lower Part is 
 perfect lilh, and the Head round, the Face like 
 a Calf, a large Mouth, little l^ars, and round 
 full Eyes ■, winch Creatures /■'. Merouj (jften law, 
 t.;'d eat of ditui. Tiie t'ortiifjitjcs call it Peixe 
 A/Me>\ that IS, Womans Filii. The River has 
 alio Sea Horfe^ and other ilraniie forts of r^a- 
 
 fures, 
 
CONGO and ANGOLA. 
 
 ti5 
 
 luros , ir rm;s from tlic T ake North Weft, till 
 '•oinii:^ loi!,e rnrdcrs of Ai/iico, ir there turns 
 .i\v- to Sc.iit!) \\\([, fwclls roa ini^htv Body, 
 ;iii(! formiiu', Tcvfral finall KLiiyls, at laft lofes 
 it il!f ill llu'dtean in ah. nit 6 i.vf;recsof South 
 latitude. Tlie other Rivtrsof moll Note here, 
 ;ire the I.clittiiln, the -^/nfc;-/;/, the F.nccijni^ihi 
 lft[[:il.i, the Lihom'O^ the Dmdi, and the CL- 
 
 Summer htgiiT; I'cre in September^ and Win- 
 ter m Ai:irch^ beinj; only a Rainy Scalon, which 
 cools the Air and Ciround. The Multitude of 
 Rivers wliicli overflow in tlie Rainy Seal'on ren- 
 der the land eNtraordiiiarv fruitful, fo that 
 they ^^enerally produce mucli Grain, and infinite 
 'nuantitics of Kruit •, belides abundance of l-'a- 
 lUire, whicli makes l^lenty of all forts of Cat- 
 icl and I'ouUry. The luimher of Elephant^ is 
 very sreat, tho' fo many are continually de- 
 ftroy'd, not only for their Teeth, but beranfe 
 the Blacks eat their Flclli. A ftrange Creature 
 here is that lhe\ call Zcbr,:, beinj; a fort of 
 a wild Horl'e, (omewliat ftiap'd like a Mule, beau- 
 tifilly lixitted black, white, red, and blue, and 
 estraordinary fwifr. It were too tedious tode- 
 Icend t(.i all other I'articulars. 
 
 The Natives are f.encrailv co:il black, middle- 
 fi/.'d and well lliap'd, and Ibr tlie inoft part 
 liaiidlomer than thofeoi" (utinea. Tliey are haui'Ji- 
 ty to one another, init courteous to Strangers, 
 great lovers of Wine and Hrandy, and fuch 
 wretclud Soldiers, that 20 FmrpeMs will drive 
 leveral Hundreds of them. The whole Nati- 
 on profefTes Cluillianity, but many of them on- 
 ly in outward appearance, l\iU retaining many 
 of their ancient Idolatrous Siiperftiticms. Yer 
 the greater part are truly converted, tho' there 
 he Vices amouc then' , as in all Chriftian 
 Countries, and there is no doubt but that they 
 might have perhaps exceeded many others had 
 they fuftifient Inllrue^ion , which they want 
 through the fault of their Climate, the excelfive 
 Heats deftroyuig all the Miilioners, and deter- 
 ring others from undertakiiigtl-at fuii(!>ion,and 
 vet many thoulands have expos'd themfelves to 
 thofe SutferniL' and Dangers for the Converdon 
 of thole Peopk 
 
 TheMen of Qiu'.hty wear fine Cloaks, white 
 Shirts, and a pi cc of rich Cloth or Stuffwrapp'd 
 about them, h'(K)ts on their Legs, white Caps, 
 (}old and Silver Cjirdles, and Coral Collars. 
 The Inhabitants of Towns are great Traders, 
 Idling Slaves fo the l-iitiipc.:m •, t!ie Country 
 People 'ollow Tillage, I'.iofe along tlie Z'ire Killi- 
 ing, and I'elling of I'alm-Wine and a Ibrt of a 
 Cloth they make. 
 
 1 his ("ouutry was difcover'd about the Year 
 14X4, bv tlie I'ortiigHcJes, who found there a fa- 
 vourable Reception, and eafily perfwaded the 
 King then reigning to embrace Chrillianity. 
 Tins F.xample was follow'il by t!ie great Men 
 firll, and then by the Commonaltv, to that all 
 publick prarticc of Idolatry was liion hanilh'd. 
 Since whii;!i time Miflioner>> have been continu- 
 ally lent over to iulhuift thole I'eople, and ma- 
 ny of tliem'elves being well educated, have been 
 'idain'd I'riellv, lo that the whole Kingdom lias 
 tl'.orowly receiv'd the Light of tiic Oofpel, 
 
 Angola ; 
 
 Comes next to the Soutliward , extending 
 
 along the Coaft, from the River Co. tnz.a, in <) 
 Degrees of South I atitude to the Kingdom oiAfc 
 t:inw!i, from which it is parted by a finall Ri- 
 ver and a ridge of Mountains in 14 Degrees', fo 
 that it lias Conpo on the North, the Ocean on the 
 Weft, Afetamon on the South, and tyEthi'ipia on 
 theEaft, becaufe we ftiall here include the King- 
 dom of A f.dcml'ii, which more properly belongs 
 to this Traft of Land than to AfoNonwt.ipa, tho 
 it be under a different King. 
 
 This Country isbeft divided into A/.gol.t, pro- 
 perly focall'd, BemjicLi, md AfMemi'.t. ^/igola^ 
 properly fo call'd, lies between Co/go in the 
 North, the Ocean on the Weft, King-.id.i on 
 the South, and Aialcmba on the Eaft. The £/.<- 
 ropc;ins have given it this Name from the Foun- 
 der of it, who firft revolted fiom the King of 
 Cisw^'fl, for the Natives ftill call it Don/iu, which 
 is the Name of the Capital City. Its extent 
 on the Sea between the Rivers Ca.ifi7.i: and 
 S.wfy. is narrow, but enlarges much up the In- 
 land. 
 
 J)o>ie,o, or f ;7i;.7i,c Pernio., is reckon 'd tlie Ca- 
 pital City, fiated amidil leveral Rivers which 
 water it and the Country about, ni the Norther;;- 
 moll part of the Kingdom next the Frontiers 
 of Ptw,ib.i and /?.!«..'. Tho' this be the chief City 
 the King has, his Refidence at A{iipo):go^ at leaft 
 20 Miles South Wert of it, being no better than . 
 a N'lllage, but feated on a Rock above 20 Miles 
 in compals at the bottom, and fo Iiigh, that the 
 top fecms to toucii the Clouds. All about 
 it arc plcafint and fertile Plains, producing all 
 things that are neceflary for Life, and tliere is 
 only one diificult Afcent to the Rock, wiiicli 
 being guarded, the King need fear no Enemy. 
 Not far from this Place is Aluffiiigan^ fignifying 
 ConjunfHon, becaufe it ftands on the conHux 
 of the two Rivers l.nc*l.i and Comiz^j. Here 
 the 7-'f/rf//(;/(f/fj have built a Caftle, and they are 
 ftill Mafters of it,the Houfes being built ofStone. 
 Rengitcl.i is the next Kingdom, and contains 
 the rell of what was above afrnb'd to Atigol.t 
 in general, terminating Eaftward on the King- 
 dom ofALilcmb.i, from which it is divided by the 
 River Ci>.tnz..i and the Mountains. The Town 
 or N'illage of Rcngnd.i is feated on a Bay where 
 there is go id Andioring in i; Degrees of South 
 1 atitude. By the Village is a CaiHe, and about 
 it (even otlier Villages, all dcpenciing on it, and 
 fubjeft to the Port iigucja. On the South fide ol 
 this Bay is a Hat Mountain, whidi \\KPoiiigucjcs 
 call Sombrero., becaufe at a diftance it fomewhat 
 rel'embles a Hat. Af.inikicongo is anotlier Vil- 
 lage full to the Southward, where the Portii- 
 giicjes have another laftory. 
 
 The Air of this Country is reckon'd very uii 
 healthy, and the Difeaies here are many, as 
 burning Tevers, which carry a Man otf in 14 
 Hours, Fluxes, Stupefaftion of the Limbs, Gan- 
 grenes, Jaundice, Small-Pox, Ci-v. The land 
 which IS well water'd is fruitful enough, pro- 
 ducing all Ibrts of Grain, Fruit and Plants, and 
 very good Sugar. As for Beafts, it has all the 
 lame as Co>:go , and f> for fowl and Filh. Nor 
 can any thing remarkable he added concerning 
 their Manners, Language, or Coins, winch dittVr 
 very little from what has been laid already. It 
 is incredible nhat number of Staves are yearly 
 traufportcd out of yhigot.t into ..V/'.fr.c,/, they 
 being almoft the only Commodity the l'criiignej,> 
 and other Nations relort thither foi. 
 
 H h h 2 The 
 
 ;•, , . ..ill,. 
 
 
2 1^ Of MOUOMOTAP A, or 
 
 Tlic wliolc Dominions oi An^olt v^ite formerly 
 divided into iibmidantc of Principalities nnder fo 
 many litt'c Kin^^'.s or VvnU, \-iha all pay'd Ho- 
 mage totlie Kint^ofCowfo, till one of tliem call'd 
 ^/;j;'"''iWitlitlic Aliirtauceoftlie i'onitgKcjes, fub- 
 dn'd all tlie reft, and ertfted luvnfelf a Monardu ■-, 
 \ct Jlill (i-ndnii; Prolont! to the Kin^^ of Ccm^u, 
 and rtiiinickiM)' liim m all things that reprcllMit 
 firandure. 1 lio' the Portufi^HtJa have taken much 
 i^iins here to Kftablilli the Chnltian Religion, 
 they have not vet been fo fucccfsful as in Ow^o. 
 1 he Cliriilians indeed arc very Nmneroiib, ci'pe- 
 cially about the Coall, but (till there are many 
 Idolaters, ic being very diificult to extirpate a 
 
 falfe Religion in Countries of liidi valT I'.xcj it 
 and nideed it is wonderful tliat fo much has \)^:u 
 done towards it. 
 
 Mileml'.t is a Mountainous Kingdom of a 'ar^' , 
 Extent , Ealt of yt,noLt , Nurth of Mit.wi.u: , 
 Wert of Mo?iocmiic,i, ard SduiIi of the (Jiaqius\ 
 another more Nortlieni Mountain Nation, \\wv, 
 along the Like Zurv. Of both tliefe, little'c;.,! 
 be faid , no Fitropeain having ever been ainoiji-- 
 them, they being a K.irbarous People, citha' 
 over-run by the '/.i,;^;, or of the fame Dilpoliiioii 
 thcmfelves, wliich is the Reafoii , no Travel 
 lers dare venture to view them, and vvh.u lome 
 may prec-ud to write is mere liueiition. 
 
 CHAP. XVIII. 
 
 or M O N O M O T A P A, or the Lower .ETHIOPIA. 
 
 THIS is a vail Inland Part of Jfrich, fo 
 little vifited bv Travellers, that we have 
 but a very obfcure Account of it. The 
 rornti^itrfes hisi. been the only People vvholiave 
 ventnr'd fartliefl into it of any I'uyope.ifif , and 
 theirs the fureft Relations ■, what elfe can be faid 
 of it is all taken from the Neighbouring Kations, 
 which Trade thither, and they being all ignorant 
 People, give us very imperfeft Del'criptions. Tlie 
 Lights we have of either Sort lliall be here coin- 
 muniratcdj without running into tlie fabulous Sto- 
 ries of fucn as liave deliver'd their own Imagina- 
 tions for certain Truths. 
 
 The Lower ty£thiopia commences where the 
 Upper Ends-, that is, in about Sis Degrees of 
 >Jorth Latitude and e.-ctends to ji South, being 
 about 2200 Miles in Length, and i6 Degrees in 
 Breadtli in the largeil Place from Eafl to Weft, 
 amounting to 930 Niilcs. Thus we fee the greatcll 
 
 Moiioemugi.r; 
 
 'Mujaco. • 
 Macoco. 
 Gingiro. 
 C^ainoatc. 
 Alaba. - 
 
 Monoemugi, pro- 
 perly Jo calfti, ' 
 
 Alonfol. 
 
 Stutgarii, 
 
 'Garni/,!, 
 1 AfiagOii. 
 I Lemiia. 
 
 ) ^g''A- 
 ' Ciimiit. 
 ■ Baf. 
 
 k 
 
 lOnocmugi 
 
 Is the m>fl Northern of the two grand Divi- 
 fions'befureinention'd, and therefore comes next 
 inC'ourle, asKingEaft of Cri^r^'o, North of Ato- 
 i:'K!io:;tpt, Weft of tlie Coaft of Zjw^^nebar and 
 Soutli of NifbifAud yllyffliiiit. Its lirft Kingdon< 
 01! tire North, is 
 
 Mnjaco 
 
 Corilering onC^ .ja Weftward,onAW'i.; North- 
 w'U'd , on Abyf/ifiiii Eiftward , and on Alarocu 
 South\Vard. That the Extent of this Monarchy 
 is very great, appears by the diftant Countries 
 
 Part of it lies under tlic Torrid Zone, cxrcptin,, 
 that which extends from the Tropick of C.:pri'- 
 loYii to 31 De)fi'ecs Soutli. Its general OouiKKine^, 
 are, A'oyffiii'u. ^ or the Upper ^Aithioplt on the 
 North, the Coafts of X ///",•«•/;, i>- and the Oifrt:. 
 on the Eaft, the (ameCoaft \-,^Cifii v on theSoutii, 
 as alio on tlie Weft, withCcv.vo Iiigber towards 
 the Line. 
 
 Authors differ very much in dividing this vaft 
 Region, by Reafoii of its Obfrurity in Regarcl 
 tons, and therefore to avoid Confufiou we will 
 follow thofe who have either )l\n foinething of 
 it, or liv'd fo near as to receive the beft Infor 
 mation. The great and general Divifiou is into 
 two Parts, winch are Mmminrgi i>.\\^ Ahnomo- 
 t.ip-i properly fo call'd , wliich again are Subdi- 
 vided into their feveral Kingdoms and Provinces, 
 as WP Ihall fee in the Table, with wh.U Towns 
 we ran find belonging to each of them. 
 
 .Monomotapa, 
 prop, jo iiili'd. 
 
 ' AloKOIIiCtJp.t. 
 
 Monomotapa. < i^,,^^, 
 
 liiiiambane. 
 
 A loj.it. I. 
 .) Jo:iioj. 
 *• Zimhro. 
 C Biititii. 
 
 J Amar.i, 
 <Roro. 
 J Ci'er.i. 
 
 ^ H.igala. 
 
 {lubamb.iiiC. 
 Giiiiibii. 
 
 Inhamior. < Inktmior, 
 
 its Confines extend to, and the Sovereign's great 
 Power by his being in continual War wit!) lii', 
 Neighbour tlie Emperor of Afiicncoy who could 
 never fubdue him-, yet fuch as he is this is all the 
 Account we have of him, and that from tlu' Peo- 
 ple of O/^fl , who travel thither for Eleplunt:, 
 Teeth, which Heafts they fay are Kill'd there by 
 A Dwarfifh Breed of wild Blacks, living ui the 
 Woods and feeding on that Helh. 
 
 Macoco 
 
 Fs the next great Monarchy bordering Nortli 
 wards on A/njno, (iifi,''Jri> iwA C.iiubMe, Well 
 ward on (.'vtiv,n., Southward on Afoiineimigi., pro 
 
 perl. 
 
 tlic alorelaid 
 
the Lo)ver ^ETHIOPIA 
 
 217 
 
 pfiiv fo call'tl, and Wed ward on the Coaft of 
 /jMi.jieb.n-. Tlx; Natives of it are caU'd Ahnfoles, 
 from Mn.jfll, the Capitol Town of the Nation, a 
 I'liice of ru) Note, aiidari I'.reat Men-Faters. The 
 King IS very I'otent, as havinp, 10 other Kings 
 t!iat I'av l'onia<;e to him, and is faid toSlaiij^Iiter 
 aoo Men,either Malefiftors,or I'vifonersot War, 
 every 1^ V, to feed liis Couvi, as the more dainty 
 I'k-lh, the ( "iiuntry liavinp, no want of Cattel or 
 '.tlier I'roviftons. His Retinue is very nninerons, 
 and liis Palace llatelv enough for that Countrv, 
 his Wealtluonfifijnft in Slaves, mSaiiboj^ wliith 
 are the Sliells of Lonnd.i, Bmfus., bcini; thole of 
 Siidi.i, little \'iecesof StulTand liitliTriHes, which 
 iliey tliere Value as much as we do (jold and Sil- 
 ver. 1 !e always keeps a great Army on his Fron- 
 liers to fecure them againll the Kins^ of ///y »fff, 
 ahovc iiiention'd. Thi Poriiigncjhof La n/dj fend 
 llten- Slaves, they call Poi.bcros, iired up in their 
 llonfh to write and Cail Accounts, and of won- 
 derful fidelity, into this Kiii^'.dom to buy Slaves, 
 Ivory and Copper, in whicli journey they fpeiid 
 a Year, and lomctiiries two, and from thein their 
 Mafters Iiave this, Information of tliat Country. 
 Fnn.'Crido IS oneot the Kingdoms Trihutary to the 
 Monarcli of Mmch ^ and lying next to Ccuf.0 
 on the Wert , ;,5 is (Jiriii^jjo/nL.i another on the 
 North-eart. 
 
 Gingiro, 
 
 Another Potent Kingdom lies between Ntrc.i, 
 tl e Soiuhermofi Kingdom oi Abyfiiiim, and thofe 
 <if M,uo<.n and C:n:l>are, North and liaft of the 
 tirft of them, and \\\ft of the latter. Theareat 
 kivcr Xibir. which ruiij. dwii wtoAficoro, al- 
 itiofl enci'mpalling it. F, Antony t'ci»mdex. tra- 
 vcU'd thr> ugh this Kingdom, being fent to find a 
 Way Southward to the Coail by the Emperour of 
 Ahyl/iiiuii becaufc the Ti.rks bad llmt up all the 
 PaiTls to the Red Sea. He inloritis us, that Uiri- 
 pro fig.iifies a Monkey, and fays it was a very 
 Proper Name, the King very much refembliug 
 that Creature. His State is e,\traoidinary great, 
 and he contends with the Sun, for which Rcafoii 
 lie never goes Abroad, or gives Audience but be- 
 fore Sutirifmg, alledging that two Suns cannot 
 appear at once. Tliis King is Eleiffive, and much 
 Sorcery us'd in the Way oi chufnighimi all thofe 
 of the 1 amily, who may be chofen, hiding them- 
 lelves in Woods, and leeuiiiig to relule tlie Ho- 
 nour, till it is forc'd upon thein. His Palace is 
 no better thana('ottage, which when he dies is 
 always burnt, and tlie Succelfor has a new one 
 built him, which is dedicated with the Blood of 
 two or three Men of a certain Family, killd at 
 tlicDoor, and on that Account the laid Family 
 is free from all other Duties, which are lb heavy 
 that they render this cruel Coinpolitioii accepta- 
 ble •, lor witen the King buys any tiling oi loreign 
 Merchants, he pays them in Slaves, and tliole are 
 the Soii-^, or Paufjitcrx 1' any I aiuily, which he 
 takes at I'lealure, without any Contradiction. 
 
 Cambate 
 
 Joiii^ to tin- Kini^domon tlic Wcft,ha5 yibyUi,iiu 
 on the North, W/.-fc.;, or the Country of the (/..'/.(j 
 on the Fall, ;uic' /VLufi" on tlie South. This Coun- 
 try pays louie i\cKui'Wleclguunt to theFjnperour 
 of yiiM.,5^v.i..', whicli isonl\ voluntary, anclasfar 
 astlieViople pleafe tiieinleives. One of the Pnn- 
 ( ipal 1 owns he; e is call'd S.iiig.iy.i^ but of any. inoti 
 ilie alorcfaid /•'. Antony ^iveb no Names, 
 
 Alaba 
 
 Is anotiier large Kingdom dill to the Eaftward 
 of Cambate, inhabited by the cruel People call'd 
 O'jilas, and reaching to the Coaft of '/..mgiieba;: 
 The Prince is a AfahaiiictMi, but abundance of the 
 1 ords, his Subjeds, are rtili Idolaters of the worll 
 Sort, offernig the Sacrifices of Human Hlood, and 
 fparing none that dare Travel through theif 
 (Country. 
 
 Monoemugi, properly fo call'd. 
 
 Follows next to the Soutiiward, lying in the 
 Torrid Zone, and about the F(ininoe'>ia!, South 
 o( A/.icacg, Wed of ZiWgiuba,; North of /1/w;«- 
 motip.t, and Eaftof Coiiio and the Northern Part 
 of AIa>io//i(ji.ii<.i. To afcertain the Extent is too 
 difficult a Task, being a Countiy lb little fre- 
 quented. There are leveral petty Princes oti all 
 Sides, which pay Subjeftion to this Crown. The 
 Country abounds in Gold, Silver, and Copper 
 iVlines, and Elephants. The Natives Cloth them- 
 (efves 111 Silks and Cottons, which they buy of 
 Strangers, and wear Collars of tr.infparent Amber 
 Heads, brought them from Camb.iyj ; wliicli Beads 
 alio ferve for Money, Gold and Silver being too 
 common and of little Value among them •, and 
 therefore they give them, as alfo Copper and Ivo- 
 ry, in Exchanga for thofe Commodities. This Mo- 
 narch always endeavours to be at Peace with the 
 Princes round about him, to keep an open Trade 
 with Quilo.i, Afetindc Awd Moiibaz.t ontlieEaft, 
 and Congo on the Weft •, from all which Parts the 
 Black Merchants refort thither for Gold. Thofe 
 Merchants report, that on the Eaft-fide of Afg>w 
 emiigi^ there is a great 1 ake full of little illands, 
 abounding in all forts of Fowl and Cattel. Be- 
 lides Gold, Silver, Copper and Elephants Teeth, 
 already mention 'd, this Country atfords abun- 
 dance of Palm- Wine and Oil,;i;-.J fuch great Plen- 
 ty of Honey, that above half ^( it is loft,the Blacks 
 not being able to confumi it. The Air is gene- 
 rally very unwholfom and .'cry Hot, whicli is the 
 Reafon that noChrillians dare undertake to tra- 
 vel this Empire, befides that the Jigos, who are 
 the Cruellelt of Man-Eaters, lie on the Way and 
 fpare none they meet. The Religion of this Coun- 
 try is Idolatry, nor do we find that either Chri- 
 ftianityor Aiahometanijm have gotten any foot- 
 ing here, and the People are generally reckon'd 
 barbarous and fcarce tradable. The principa' 
 Names of Towns we find in this Country from 
 the Relations of liic Neighbouring People, (nttfth.j, 
 yijlagoit, Lciiiiiit, Agag, Cainut, BciJ\ but what 
 fort of Places they are, we know not, only fup 
 pofe them according to the Nation, to be mean 
 and inconfiderablc. 
 
 Mouomotapa, properly fo call'd, 
 
 Is the other great Part of the Lower ^yHthiopi./^ 
 reaching from 14 Degrees of South Latitude to 
 about ;; lyUid the fame Breadth from Eaft to Weft, 
 as was betore mention 'd in I'neaking of the whole. 
 Iho' not very perfeft, we nave yet fomc bettor 
 Information of this Region than of the laft, which 
 we iliall take from M.wini dc Eaii Sonj.t, who 
 had all the Accounts of the io>i,tgiicl(< that were 
 in jt/u/w/z/odj^rf, and generally iiiter'dby the v;a-y 
 of the River Chm/H'J, 
 
 This 
 
 Lim, 
 
 M 
 
 ■ i-n »!l 
 
 m 
 
 !■ *« 
 
of the Coafls of the C AFKE ?. 
 
 I' 
 
 * '.y 
 
 218 
 
 This Empire is divided into z% Kini;dom5,\vliicli 
 are Moncas, Riroc^ A/anica, Bocfi, /l/./r /«i,'fl, ^f- 
 }i!o, Chii/ne, Cijiriii^ Ckidima^ RciiniLo, fi/h.i>iz.'<^ 
 Cbinil'ii^ CimdcUc.i, D.ibmi.i, Aic:i^.i:mbr, Atii- 
 pilfi^ ^/niov.tz.11, Cimve, Chiingne, Di/ici, Roml<it, 
 Rii^ni^ ChliVo^ Alocirarig.i ^ and Remo dc Bcz.,i. 
 All tliis was urii;inal! V ■•■'•.ic great Monarcli v, aftcr- 
 wardsdivided nito tinw, call'd (Juitive, S.^h.hut.i, 
 and Cijit.Dig.i, which in procels of Time came tu 
 break themfelves into fom.inv fmallcr Doinmions, 
 vet (o that all or molVot ihcm Hill own the great 
 Empcruur (;f Afofwi/wtitp.i. 
 
 All thell" Dominions are certainlv the Richeft 
 of tile World in Gold, no Mines affoiding fncli 
 C^iuuitities of that precious Metal as thole i^( Afii- 
 J'.ip.i, /1-/;//f/j/(,i anci /y.ir,/.;, in the lirii: of which 
 Ji.is been foimd a Lump of pure (jold worth lioco 
 Ducats, and another of 4coacx). Three great 
 Fairs are Yearly held, to which ihe Merchants 
 relbrt to Trade-, Tiiefirll at Immic, four Days 
 Journey up tlie Country from the I'rontieri oi 
 Zif.d.i :, the fecond at Bitemo ^ farther up , and 
 the third at Al.tfafi.i i\'\\\ Ingfier. 
 
 Ilie Capitalot this Umpire is of tlie fame Name, 
 feated on the:j,reat River oftlie Mulyoholl. It 
 is \erv large, but the Hoiifes ail ol' limber, 
 neatly wliited both within and without, the Rixifs 
 rifing on all Sides till ihey end in a I'oiiit. The 
 Lmperoiir's Palace, tho' of Wood, i'; large, and 
 divided into tliree Apartment> i one for himltll, 
 another for liis Wives,aiid athird for Ins Servants. 
 This they lay is all gilt or covcr'd witli I'latcsof 
 Gold, as are the Chairs and otiier Moveables, 
 except tlie Candleflicks, which are of Ivory hang- 
 ing, by Silver Chains, and his Plates and Diflies of 
 Porcclane, inlaid with Gold. The Einpcrour has 
 many Wives, and is ferv'd even in the incanell 
 Employments by tlie Oreatcit Men of the Nation. 
 
 lintii.i is a Province and City of the fame Name 
 to the Northward, towards the Mountains of tlie 
 iMoon, very rich in Gold, and confequcntly much 
 relortcd to by Merchants. I/ihambane is another 
 Province on the Frontiers of A-forioemugi, lliut up 
 among the Mountaiiis,theCapital whereof is call d 
 ro/igiit; and the I'cople Idolaters , except feme 
 
 few converted by the Jtfniis of late Years, th; 
 Meat is here fo exci'llive. that few I'crtrvjicfesy.-z 
 able to ctidiire it. Inhamia,- lies lower towards '";>)■ 
 ^,;/.j and the River O/. ///;.-?, its Capital, nobriter 
 tlian a \illage, where many yr//7,7^v/f/a us'd to 
 relide for Trade. 
 
 A/Mo»wt !pi in general is more temperate thm 
 other Parts of yijVick , eipeeially towards the 
 South, where it is out of the Torrid Zone. Tlie 
 I and beipg for the inoll part well w-ater'd, viekls 
 Plenty of l'aflure,^atid all Sorts of Grain, fulloif 
 Trees and Sugar-Canes, which grow without the 
 Help of Art, and yet the Country is not everv 
 where inhabited. The Katives are rich in Cattel, 
 which they value above Gold , and the Elephants 
 are very Numerous. Generally the People arc 
 Handfom and have lliort black Hair, and of a 
 more ready Wit than thofe cf the Coair. Their 
 common Food is Ueef,t!ieir Drink lower Milk,t!ieir 
 Bread, Cakes of Rice, of Millet, or of the Root 
 call'd Ati.i/ni:: Their Habit is a I'iece of Cloth of 
 anv colour wrapp'd about their Walte, being na- 
 ked upwards, with their Privities in a Calaballi. 
 1 heir Arms are IJows, Arrows, and Ja"elin':. 
 Religion they know little of , nor have tliey anv 
 !d(.ls, butacknowledge one only God, and believe 
 there is a Devil, whom they call Af.iz.ico, and 
 Iiaving no Knowledge of Letters, they fpeakof 
 Things part by Tradition, and are veryinclmable 
 to the Doftrine of ChrilUanity , fo that great 
 Numbers have been converted by tlie Domii/'icuL^ 
 wlio have feveral Monafteries there, and all free 
 Excrcife of Religion is allow'd. 
 
 Having had Occalion to mention t!ie Moimraiiis 
 of the Moon, it is renuifite to inform the Reader, 
 that they divide the U pper from the 1 ower i,£iln- 
 opia, running ([uite acrols Jjrick from Eart to 
 Wefljind of luch a Prodigious Height in Ibiiie Pla- 
 ces, that they are tliouglit to exceed all otiiers in 
 the World. Yet muft it not be thought a Miftakc 
 what we faid above of liitin.i lying towards tlic 
 Mountains ot' the Moon ;, tor there are fevera! 
 vart Branches of them running out fundry Ways, 
 and ftill retaining the lame Name, as Parts of the 
 Whole. 
 
 CHAP. XIX. 
 Of the Coaft of the C A F R E S. 
 
 T 
 
 ^H I S is the Coaft running round the Sou- 
 thern Part of yUrick, and compalTing the 
 greater Part of the lower t/Ethiopia on 
 the Weft, South and Eaft. It begins in 15 De- 
 grees of South Latitude, and holds on to the Cape 
 of Good Hope, in ^^^ which is 1200 Miles South- 
 
 eaft , at the Hiid Cape it turns again to North- 
 eaft to 22 Degrees of South Latitude, and tlio it 
 reaches not fo far Northward as the other Way ■, 
 yet reckoning the Bow it makes, amounts to no 
 lefs Number of Miles. The beft Divifion that can 
 be made of tliis Coall is this, 
 
 Aiataimw. 
 
 Cifres , properly Tj call'd, The Dutch Town at the Cape of Good Hope. 
 
 Chtcanga, 
 
 Sed.mda, 
 
 Zofala. Zffda. 
 
 iJiiiifVJ, (Mitcv.t. 
 
 Mataman, 
 
 h properly the Name of the Kings, tho" now 
 appropriated to the Country, the People being 
 ( a'l'd Uimkbai. On the North it i? parted from 
 
 yliigolit by tlie Mountains of the Moon , on the 
 Eaft by a Branch of the fame Mountains from Ato- 
 nomot,in,r, on the South by the River Brav.ig:d 
 from tlie Coaft of Cifres, properly focail'd, and 
 OH the Wert it has the TA^tDiopkk Ocean, extend- 
 
 ini; 
 
 ing in Leng 
 to 25, ahou 
 'Zone , a vi 
 Tropick vf 
 Here are 
 frattering ^ 
 SuhjecT to I 
 tl'ere are lev 
 King-, tho' 
 and weak. 
 the Torrid ] 
 ren Sand, yi 
 dncing all Si 
 tain, till re 
 All the Owf 
 18 Degrees ! 
 Flack Cape ; 
 the Bay das \ 
 Cold Bay , ; 
 Trees. The 
 der the Tro 
 the River of 
 parts this Kii 
 
 The Co; 
 
 Extends fr 
 meiition'd to 
 again toward 
 from which i 
 Gh()|l,in aboi 
 arenopartici 
 itinOion can 
 Families or 1 
 a;id lives in V 
 has ever vifite 
 and even t!ie 
 
 (if Good H'Jpi 
 
 the Coaft, ex 
 who have bee 
 vel by Land t 
 iiigby theW 
 or for Want i 
 of thele Peo| 
 Fiiropcaiis ha\ 
 little there is 
 h,!f made Me 
 VVjiat is Hiid 
 to the Reft , 
 way of living 
 throughout a 
 ni:ill content 
 fiiiine gives ol 
 I'V.o,/ ij'cpc, w 
 lateft we Iiav 
 
 Spot. 
 
 The Cape 
 Minutes of S( 
 /l.iithclori'en' j 
 ft'/i/w miiiake 
 <:! 149H, Th 
 '■'/', or .'■irortn 
 there met wit 
 i',.ivcit the Na 
 l-'ape of <i(/ed 
 iifdilcoveriiig 
 l^y-, is Harre 
 1-rodiu'd by n 
 ili;it generally 
 .eid abounds 
 io\niiig to it i 
 Top. Tlic lie 
 bl« that Bcai 
 
The Coaft of the C A F K E S. 
 
 ing in Leni'.tli from 15 Derces of South Latitude 
 to 25, ahoul 600 Mil.-s, iuicl lies in the Tornd 
 Z-oiie , a voiy fmall Fart reaching beyond the 
 Tropit k t'f Capi-icurn. 
 
 Here are no Towns, or Cities, bntonly poor 
 fratreriiij; Nillncc;. However all this land is 
 Suhjecl to one ablohite Monarch, under whom 
 tl'ere ai e I'everal jiett^ Lords, who ftiie tlienii'elves 
 Kiiu'.s tho' their Doininioiis be very hnall, poir 
 and v>'eak. The Climate is temperate enoiif^h tor 
 the Torrid Z,one, and tho' the ("oall: be all a bar- 
 ren Sand, vet farther tip, the Soil is fruitfnl, pro- 
 ducing all Sorts of I'rovilioiis, aiid in the Nloini- 
 tain, tluiL- is much Crvlhl and fcveral Metals. 
 All the Coall ashasbeen faid is a deep Sand : In 
 18 Degrees South Latitude is Cibo Ne^-o, or the 
 Hlark Cape j in 21 that ol' fiiiy Pitrz., and in 2i 
 the Bay das iVft/a, or Ciolfj Frio, the Snowy or 
 Cold Bav ) about which there are abundance uf 
 Trees. The little Iliand Einllwcns is alinoft ini- 
 der the Tropick of C.-tprkoru^ and then follows 
 the River of B>:iv.ighi,l , which as has been laid, 
 parts this Kingdom from the rell of the C.ifrcs. 
 
 The Coaft of Cafrcs, properly fo call'd, 
 
 Fxtends frcm the Kingdom of Af.n^v/i.vi above 
 meution'd to the Cape of (iood Hope , and back 
 again towards t!ie Novth-eaft , as farasC'/;/r.w/;(, 
 from which it imparted by the River of the Holy 
 Ghoitjin about 28 Degrees of South 1 atitude.Hcre 
 .ire noparticular Kingdoms,or States,but what Di- 
 ftiiif>i(jii can be found among them is rather by 
 Families or Tribes, each of which has its Chief, 
 a;id lives in Villages (eparate from the Rert. None 
 has ever vidted any of this Country but the Dutch, 
 and even they only a fmall Part about the Cape 
 of Gnml Hope, for others have only touch'ci upon 
 the Coaft, except Ibine unfortunate Pomie^iiefcs, 
 who have been cart away on it, and forc'd to tra- 
 vel by Land towards Zn/^i/i;, moft of them perilh- 
 iiigby the Way, either deftroy'd by the Natives 
 or for Want of I'rovifions. The Great Barbarity 
 of thefe People has been the Occaftou that no 
 Eiii-opcaiis have veiitur'd anuing tliem , and the 
 little tliere is to be got by ruiiiiinsj luch Hazards 
 li.is made Men backward in expofnig themlelves. 
 Whiit is faid of one Part of them may be anply'd 
 totiie Reft, for they all agree in their orutal 
 w.iy of living, and the Country is much tliefame 
 throughout III! itsCompafs ■, for which Realbn we 
 fli;ill content our felves with the Account Tin 
 Rhine gives of the Hotcntctei about the Cape of 
 u'(.oil Hipc. which will fuit;'ny others, and is the 
 lateft we Iiave from any one that was upon the 
 Spot. 
 
 The Cape of (^ood Hope is in ?4 Degrees 30 
 Minutes of South Latitude, firft Uilcover'd by 
 Rjithclonjerv Villi., in the Year 14^9, for Ich 
 tiliiae miiiakcs in aliigning it tid i'.ijco dc O'-i'iia 
 ;! 1498, The Dncoverers call'd it C.ibo Tetf/ieii- 
 "/', or .'iformy Cape, from the great Storms they 
 there met witii, but King 'Jabi the 2d oi I'ortug.d 
 ;-,.ivc it the Name uf (,'../■« dc hncnj tjptrutiz.ii, the 
 <>ape of (sood liupc, from the Hopes it pnjiniled 
 ufdilcovering i\x l:.:J}-Ind',cs. TheSoil / tv/ A7^',f 
 la\>, is Harrcn, atfording nothing but what is 
 l-rodiu'd by much Labour ; yet all others agree, 
 dm generally this Coaft ii.«< Plenty of Palture, 
 a'ld abounds in Cattel. The Table Mount ad- 
 joyiiiig to it is fo call'd from its Flatiiefson the 
 Top. Ihc next is Liens Alouiit bcciiuli; it rcfcin- 
 bl« that Eeaft at a Diftancifi 
 
 Thefe Mountains are full of Wild Beafts, as 
 Lions, Elephants, Rhinocerots, Tigers, C^r. and 
 the 1-lains abound in great and (mall Cattel. For 
 Birds there areOftric!ieb,Peacocks,Cranes,Storks, 
 Herons, Geefe, Bitterns, Ducks, Turkeys, Hens, 
 Teals, Felfares, Cormoriints, Partridges, Phea- 
 fants. Lapwings, Nightingales, Snipes , Owles, 
 SeaGulls, Martins, Swallows, and many peculiar 
 to the Place. The Sea affords moft Sorts of Fiflj 
 known to us, and many more we are Strangers 
 to^ and as f(" Infeds here are as many as in any 
 Part <A' the World. 
 
 The People, whom we commonly call Cafrcs and 
 Hntento'cs, are, as was faid above, divided intc; 
 many Tribes or Families; their Barbarous Names 
 will afford us little Satisfaftion, fince,as was faid, 
 tliey all agree in the Particulars we Ihall give of 
 them. They are generally Tawny, but reckon 
 Bl.uknefs a Beauty , and therefore daub their 
 Hair and Faces withGreafe and Earth of feveral 
 Cokiurs. '1 neir Bodies for the moft part tall, 
 well-fliap'd, and ftroiig, their Lips large, their 
 Notes flat, and their Hair woolly. All their Ap- 
 parel IS a piece of Leather hanging down before, 
 like an Apron, the rell naked. The Women arc 
 known by being more deformed than the Men, 
 and Iiave two natural Labels hanging from theip 
 Privities, which they are fo proud of, that they 
 lliow them to all Strangers. In cold Weather, 
 bcfides the Apron abovemention'd they wear a 
 Leathern fort of Veft, hanging down to their 
 Knees, and a Cap of the fame on their Heads,witli 
 a Pouch hanging at their Back, to carry their To- 
 bacco and otTier Necelfaries. 
 
 They have no other Dwellings but little Huts, 
 and all tlie Goods in them are Drinking Cups, 
 made of Shells, and either Earthen Pots, or pie- 
 ces of Trees hoUow'd to put their Meat in, which 
 they eitiier roft on the Coals or cat raw. Being 
 under no Reftraint from Confcience, or Educa- 
 tion they indulge themlelves in all manner (jf 
 \'ice. Laws th.-y have none. They defpife the 
 Female Sex, and put them upon all labour. T heir 
 Food is Beef, Mutton, Fiih, Butter, Milk and 
 Sword-Grafs inftead of Bread. Their Weapons 
 are Boivs and Arrows, Darts, and Javelins. "1 hey 
 know no Wealth but their Cattel, and that they 
 Trade with , exchanging it lor Tob.icco , Aqua- 
 vits, and Coral, Glals, or Copper Beads. Some 
 notion of a Deity they have and call God, the 
 Great Captain, yet have Icarceany thing of Re- 
 ligion, but that they Adore the Sun and Moon. 
 Every Tribe and V illage has its peculiar Captain, 
 which may fuffice in Relation to thefe Barbarous 
 People. 
 
 At tlie Foot of the Table Mountain the Dutch 
 have built a Fort, where they keep a good Gar- 
 rifon, and have Gardens and Orchards about it, 
 betides much till'd Land, the Fort being grown 
 up to a Town , and well inhabited , and this is 
 the general Watering-place of their Ships in their 
 \ oyagcs to and from the tajt- Indies. 
 
 Chieang.1 is a part ol the Coaft of Cafres, di- 
 ftingulh'd from the reft by this Name, anci ly- 
 ing between the great River of theHoly Ghofr, 
 and the little one of the Kings •, but on what 
 account this reparation is made, does not appear, 
 Ihice the Natives are nothuig more civiliz'd than 
 thole already fpoken of, nor have they any 
 Towns or otner thing of note among them, arid 
 the lame may be laid ot the next Province, call d 
 Sednnda, lynig between the aforefuid Kiver ol 
 the Kings and that of Z-imhert. ^4*: 
 
 
 ■W':i 
 
AFRICA Is! ISLAN'DS. 
 
 Zof.tla follows next, which fome confine be- 
 twixt the Rivers of Cnittnii and Zimbere, -.iid o- 
 thers extend to that of the Holv-CjI'-fi, whidi 
 lull includes the above-incntion'd I'rovinces of 
 Chic.mi,:i M\(.\ Scilrtiida, and alfo the other not yet 
 fpokcii of, call'd Oiiltev:! ■■, tliis greater extent 
 is allotted it by F.m»mtl tie F,in,t y SohJj^ whom 
 we lliall follow in the account of it, as being 
 certainly the perfefteli, none bein(; f well able 
 to give it as tiie PortiKiufcs^ who .irft fettled 
 there, and have continued till tliis Day f<ir a- 
 bove 200 Years When firll diftover'd, it was 
 a Kingdom fiiblcft to the Empcrourof Alnnomo- 
 flip), tho' it had a King refiding in it, being a- 
 bout 250 Leagues in compali.. Many Rivers 
 water it, and mofl of them rowl golden Sands. 
 It generally enioys a temperate Air , and is 
 pKal'ant, wholefome, and fruitful. Some l^arts 
 feed mighty Flocks of Sheep, with wliofe Skins 
 the Natives doatii themfelves becaufe of the cold 
 South VVnids. Along the River C/(o;w the Coun- 
 try IS mountainous, woody, and well water'd, 
 wliitli makes it delightful snd populous. Ele- 
 phants are here very numenms, and conllnuent- 
 ly Ivory plentiful. Tlie Town oi Zof,i/.i ihnids 
 upon tlie River of tlie liune Name, not far Irurn 
 that of Cii.iiiut. tifty Leagues South Well of 
 
 it are the ricli Gold Mines of Monica, eiicom- 
 pafs'd ;o Leagues about with high Mountains. 
 In thefe Parts there are the remains of Building's 
 of a wonderful Strud lire, with Infcriptions olt 
 them in unknown Charafters, but by whom e- 
 vected the Natives 'lave no Account. Tlicv 
 believe in one wod, wliom they call Afoi.imo, and 
 ufe no Idols ■■, Witchcraft, Theft, and Adultery 
 are feverely punilh'-.l. Tlieir Wives, as many .is 
 they ran keep. Tlu belter fort ufe Cotton 
 Cloatiiing, and that adorii'd with Gold. The 
 Houfes are all of Wood v the Weapons Bo\v>, 
 Arrows, Javelins, Darts, Daggers, and linall 
 Hatchets. Lhe Women are fo much rei'peftfd 
 tliat if the King's S( n meets one, lie gives licr 
 the way, and Hops till lhe paffes. 
 
 Of Qjiitcva we lliall not need, nor is there 
 any tiling to add, tiiat being only a fmall Pro- 
 vince belonging to ZojJa, and in it a Town 
 which is miiih gone to ruin. Having thus run 
 through the whole Continent of y?/WV^, we will 
 next proceed to tiie Ulands belonging to it, whicli 
 we have relerv'd to be Ipoken of all in one Chap- 
 ter, as they are diftinit Bodies and only belong- 
 ing to the Continent, as nearer to it than to a- 
 iiy other of tlie Parts of the Earth, 
 
 CHAP. XX. 
 Of tlie AFRICAN IS^ ANDS. 
 
 WE wiH begin with them as we did with 
 tlie Continent on the North Weil, and 
 fo proceed Southward, to the Cape of 
 Good Hope, then turning to tiic Eall and North 
 finilli the whole Compals of this Part of the 
 World. 
 
 Madera and Porto Santo 
 
 Are two Iflandsin the Jtl,wtick Ocetitf, lying 
 ofFWellward from the Kingdom of Fe;.. At.idi- 
 r.iy the tliief of them was difcover'd in the Year 
 1420 by John 0'o!iz..iUz., and Trijhm r.iz., fent 
 out to cliicover by Prince Hemy of Portu^,tl, who 
 !7,ave it this Name of Aiiidera , or Wood, be- 
 taufe it w;'s all over one conlinu'd Foreft with- 
 out any Inhabitants •, but the Trees being fet on 
 Fire, it run throughout, fo that fcarce a Stick 
 was left ill it. The Latitude of it is 31 Degrees 
 and a half, the Slupe Triangular, the Lenjjth a- 
 bout 140 Miles, and the Breadth about 24. 
 
 The t-ire having difcover'd the Land, it was 
 found fruitful anci pleal'ant, fo that the fortii- 
 p^ticfcs foon fettled upon it, and in procefs of 
 tune built three Towns, the chief of them call'd 
 Fi'.Ych.ii, whicli ib a Billioprick, and befides the 
 Cithedral, has three Parilh-Churches, twoMo- 
 nafteries of 5. Franiis, and a College ot Jefuits, 
 the other two are Ai.mchicn, and S.tntu Cruz.. 
 Tiie whole liland contains 36 Parilhes, 5 or 6 
 Monaftcries, 4 llol'pitals, and about 25000 of 
 both Sexes, not intludnig Children, being fo 
 full of Country-Houlesaiid Farms that it looks 
 like one roiilinued Garden. It produces all 
 forts of Fruit and Grain, has luffieient Cattel, 
 and all forts of Fowl ., but the chief Trade is in 
 its V\ me, fo rtronjj that fcarce any comes near 
 
 it, excellent Sugar, whereof they make curious 
 Sweet-meats, eipecially candy'd Citron, Wax, 
 and Honey, and Dragon's Blood. 
 
 About 13 Leagues North-eaft from it is another 
 liland, call'd Porto Smto, not above 5 Leagues in 
 Compals, and dilcover'd h\j Join? Znrco mATn- 
 fliin Fni. in 1428. It is in all Refpefts anfwc- 
 table to that of Ahdcra, and inhabited by the 
 Portiigr.cla, 
 
 The CANARY Idands 
 
 lie tci the Southward of AlMiera, Weft of the 
 Co-Aik oi Bikclnif^erid, being by common coiifeiit 
 tlie Fortunate lllands of Ptolemy \ they are fo 
 call'd from the greatell of them bearing that 
 Name, and that had it from the many Dogs 
 found in it when firll difcover'd, in 5p.w;}7; cal- 
 led C.mes. 
 
 That they were known to the Ancients is 
 certain, but lay many Ages forgotten, till in the 
 Year 1405, King "John of CtfUlc employ'd 'John 
 de lietiwcour, a French Gei. leman, who again 
 fuuiid and took polfeUionofthem. They are Icvcn 
 in number, vi^. Piilin:!., Hicrro, Ciomerii, Itncrije, 
 CirMt Ciiiariay Flier ic f'cntnra, and LnnL.iroie. 
 
 PtUnui lies moil to the Wejt, except Hie-no, 
 which is 12 Leagues South of it, in 28 Degrees 
 of North 1 atitude. It is liriall, but the Soil 
 very rich, having very good Palhirc, and pro- 
 ducing much Wine, Sugar, and other Fruits. 
 Its Wine is reckon 'd tlie belt of all thole 1- 
 Hands, and much valued in all Parts. The Town 
 in it bears the lame Name, and much refortcd 
 to. 
 
 /y/f/>o, or Fcrro M 12 Leagues South of Prt/wJ, 
 and 8 Weit of Goim> .», in 27 Degrees of North 
 
 Latitude, 
 
 of Trade 
 60 Miles 
 is call'd 
 pher </ 
 07(c, Roi 
 firil difa 
 liv'd ill 
 Anrellor- 
 is the fai 
 of the P 
 liiil'dl 
 he rely'd 
 .Miles, an 
 to be a I 
 Hand is 
 and here 
 for it. 
 
 (j'r.w C 
 Name, is 
 F^aft, \'m 
 City of 
 
AFRICAn ISLANDS. 
 
 1 atirudc , beiiii^ about 6 or 7 I eagucs in Com- 
 p.il^.On Uie Well I'oiiit hereof inofl modern (jeu- 
 uraplKTs, and we after tlietn, place the firft Me- 
 ridian. Thu' this Illand bi.- one of tliofo loiniuh 
 reliii cd to, vet tlieie is a inoft muictountable 
 Story told of it, whicli very many alTord Ut- 
 ile Credit to, and the Relaters tlievnlclves dif- 
 fer much in the Accoinit of it. In lliort, tliey 
 tell us, th.'.t it is wjioljy delHtiite of Water, 
 but what drops fiom a Tree ftanduu', in the 
 midfl of it, whiih is receiv'd ii'to a Halon in 
 fiuh qiuntity, tliat it not only fi'pplics the I- 
 lland abundantly, but all Sliip^ that ariive there. 
 They add, that tliis Tree is alwavscover'd with 
 a Cloud, or thick Mill which fettles on it, and 
 fo diftils into Water. 'Jttckfon^m Etiglijhmaii, who 
 pretends to have incaliir'd it, favs, the Kafon 
 under the Tree contains zccco Tun , and is 
 fiird in a Nighc, but who Ihould make fuch .i 
 Bafon orCillernin iliat Illand is what appears 
 as incredible as the rcll. Nichols, another i>/^- 
 liflj>/:.i/j, fpeaks of the Tree, and its'ferving the 
 Illand with Water, as an Eye-witnefs. Many 
 more write the fame, but take it by liearlay, 
 and moll of them differ hi the Particulars, lb 
 that nothing is decided, nor is tlie thing at all 
 probable. However that be, the Illand is fer- 
 tile enough, and bears Corn, Sugar, all forts 
 of Fruit,"and plenty of Failure. 
 
 Comr,! IS Eallward of Jlitmi, and loine fmall 
 matter Northward. It is an Illand not well im- 
 prov'd, tlic Soil I'ot being very kind , \et it 
 has a fmall Town of the fame Name, and a Port 
 towards Taienfe, whence fome Wine is ex- 
 ported. 
 
 'Taierife, notwithllanding thutCrand Cmarit 
 is the big.nell, and has given its Name to the reil, 
 is now the cliief>.-ll, as being the principal Place 
 of Trade, lyini', Eall of l-Jano, and is about 
 60 Miles inki ,th. The prhicipal Town in it 
 is call'd .S". chijioval de l.i Lafi^iotn, or 5. Clrljio- 
 pher if the Lake, befides which there are SMta 
 Crii^, Kotav.t, Ri.ilqo , and (i.ir.ichico. Wlicn 
 firil difcover'd, it was under feveral Kings, who 
 liv'd in Caves , and kept the Hodies ot their 
 Ancellors dried np like Mummies. In this ''land 
 is the famous Mountain, known by the Name 
 of the Peak o*" Tci:crife, reckon'd by tome the 
 highdl Land in tlie World, but that is not to 
 be rely'd on. The Afceiit is reckon'd about 15 
 Miles, and the perpendicular heighth fuppos'd 
 to be a third Part. The bell Wme in this I- 
 lland is that which grows about the Sea-Coaft, 
 and here is a great relbrt of Ships from all Parts 
 for it. 
 
 (Jr.viC.Diari.t, from which tlie refl have their 
 Name, is the largell of tliem, and feated to the 
 Eall, Ibincwhat Soutliwarcl from Tiiicnjc. The 
 City of Palmes, or Cmariii, is tile Capital of all 
 the Illands, a Bilhop'sScc, and tlie Relklence of 
 the Govtrnour,well Duiltjthe Inhabitants wealthy, 
 and the Streets always clean. Befides this, there 
 are feveral other fmall Towns. The whole Illand 
 abounds in bruit of all (brts. Corn, Pallure, 
 and Vineyards, as being inferior to none for 
 l-ertility. 
 
 t'Kcrtcvcntnr.t, ft ill to tlie Eallwaid of tile lall, 
 is not above 12 leagues from the Continent of 
 ■Afruk, and has tour good Towns, LM.igal.i, 
 T:ir.itM,:, Poz^a Nipro, and h'liirtcveiitm.i. All 
 lortb of Fruit grow here to Perfection, as does 
 Corn •, but beni^ lomcthiiig Mountainous , it 
 
 Z2f 
 
 breeds infinite quantities of Coats, whofe Skins 
 and Tallow are of conliderable value, befides 
 that tlie Hcfli is good , and they inakv' fvc^'- 
 lent Cheefe of tiieir Milk. 
 
 Lan:..iroie flands North from the lall, contain- 
 ing three Towns, C.iy.u^ux: L:t,iz..i>ote, rfcnudi 
 A'.ws, and Puerto dc C.iv.ilhi, and is in all Points 
 like FiierteviHtiii'.i. 
 
 Thefe Illands in general mufl be hot by Situ- 
 ation, as drawing ifear to the Tropick of Cwtr?- 
 but cool'd by tlie Air (jf tlie Sea. Tlie Soil of 
 thc-rn all is good, and produces every thiiu' ne- 
 celliiry for the liipportof Human Life, but their 
 principal Wealtii confills 111 that rich Wme 
 whicli is thence tranfported to aH Parts of £;;- 
 rvpe, and their Singing-Birds are known to ex- 
 ceed all others, being much better than thole 
 of the lame Breed brought from Cernauy. All 
 the Illands being fubiccH to the Dominion of tlie 
 Crown oi Spain, aixj iniubited b^ Sp.wruds, 
 we need not add anythnigof their Religion, 
 Government, or Manners. 
 
 The lllandi of Cabo N'erde, 
 
 ^ So call'd from being to the Wefiward of that 
 Cape, lie between 14' and 19 Degrees of North 
 latitude, and are 10 in Number, viz. S. y^«my.'u, 
 S. KLcent, S. Litcut, S. A/icolui, S'J, Hou l^ijl.,^ 
 Siimingo, M.iyo, Fa^o, and lirav.i. 
 
 S. Antoiuo, which is moll to the North Weil, 
 and not three L.eagues from S. Fi>iccia, is fmall, 
 and inhabited by about 500 Blacks, under a 
 Portitgnefe Govemour, without any Town but 
 only a fmall Village of 20 or 30 Houfes, the 
 rell fcattering about the Illand, wiiicli produ- 
 ces all forts of Fruit in Pcrfeftion, and lome 
 Goats, but has no Corn, nor any Tnide, lb that 
 all the Inhabitants are miferablc Poor. 
 
 S. Fwcem, as was faid, is three Leagues Eaft 
 oi the lafl, about the fame bigncis, but affords 
 no manner of Refrelhment to Siiips that touch 
 there, except Water and an iiihnite quantity of 
 Tortoifes, which come daily out of the Sea, are 
 excellent Meat, and of a prodigious bignefs. 
 Here are alfowild Goats, but I'carce ever above 
 20 or 30 Inhabitants. 
 
 S.ima LiicLt is to tlie Southward of both the 
 lafl, and bigger than they put together, high 
 and hilly, well wooded and water'd, yet gene- 
 rally has but very few or no Inhabitants. 
 
 .S. Nicholas, South Eaft from 5. /.w/a, not in- 
 ferior to It in bignels, little inhabited, and the 
 mollCreaturesit produces are Cats and Goats. 
 
 The5.(/f l/land, focaird from the great Plenty 
 of Salt it affords, is very fmall, and lies Ealt 
 of 5. Nicholas, It has a good Road, but the Soil, 
 is barren, yet it is frequently reforted to by 
 Ships for Its Salt. 
 
 Koa f-'ij}.i has the Name from its agreeable Pro- 
 fpeftolfat Sea, and is South of tlie lall above, 
 being mucli of the fame majniitude •, only inh.i- 
 bitcd by poor, wretched People. 
 
 A'layu , or the Illand of /I'/'j', lefs than any 
 others, and to the South of lioa yiJLi. On the 
 North tide of it is a gcwd Bay and Road, and 
 on it a little Village of 10 or 12 Houfes. The 
 tiround ot it is Rocky, and confequeiuly pro- 
 duces little Grafs, yet it ha^s abundance of wild 
 Goats, and Ibme little wild Horfes, Alfes, and 
 Kinei thofefew People there arcou it have buc 
 an uncoinlortable Life. 
 
 1 1 i i'liritia^Of 
 
 m 
 
 i'ilS,«l, 
 
iii 
 
 AFRICAN ISLANDS. 
 
 Saii'tii^o, the bi};geft of all tlicfc Flliuids, lies 
 \\'v(k oi Aliyo. Ill it is a Town, wliirli tlie For- 
 iupticfcs call Pr.iya , or the Strand , betwixt two 
 Bays , wltcre there is. a rjiiliop , tliis heinj; the 
 Capital of all the Ulands, and near the Shore, 
 where the Ships generally Anchor, there is a 
 (mall Fort. 
 
 ro:o and IWuvn are two otiier very intonfide- 
 rable Hluids South oi Stuitltgo , in wliich tliere 
 isNothinfi w<irt!i otilerving. 
 
 Some II liave tliefe lllands to be tlie Corc^oncs 
 in J/f/.r, otiiersllie Gor^Mlfs of/'/wv, and others 
 the Hcj]in-ldcs of Ptolemy. The firll Dilcoverv of 
 tliem in later Ay,es was by Ai:to>i)i Xolf., xChthi- 
 tie, lerviiif, the Kwii^oi Port i!i;:i!, in the Year I4<')(''. 
 1 hey are Siihjeit to the Crown of Puriiiii.il •, molt 
 of tlie Inhabitants Blacks, except fomc tew Un- 
 fortunate Po;iii:;iiefes, whi) know^ not how to live 
 elfe where , and therefore paf'i their Days iliere 
 in I'ovcrty ar.d V\'aiit, haviii;^ no Trade, nor any 
 Relief from abr<uid , but from thole tew Ships 
 which toiicli iher:-, linne Tnnes for Water, Salt, 
 tjoats, loi tones, ui Huit. 
 
 lIlaiuK from i!ic ("lolf of (jii'iua, to tlie C,[0'c 
 of (jood liiip,. 
 
 Tlie Ili.tnd o( thrin/iio Pu , I'o call'd from its 
 flirt Difcovcrer, is in tluee Deforces and a half of 
 Soutli Latitude' , near tlie ("oali: of Ciiiim\i and 
 C.'u/:,:'>j is not iiuonllderable fir liignelV, bi.iii.4, 
 above ;Oi\lle-iin 1 cii.'.th and ?.oover, very Ivglt, 
 prodnriiii' AfaiiJiit.i Koors, wlu'ieof tliey make 
 Bread-, as alfo Tabaco, l\.ui', .nid .ibundance nf 
 I ruit- The t.i!y-jp(.i>i> never touch at it, unkis 
 It be for \Vater, becaul'e the Natives are Savage, 
 and Hy as lo()n as they fee tliem. 
 
 Tlie Prime's //luid, is next, lyiiii^ Soiitli-wcll 
 of the lalT, and about ^o I,caj',ius from the Con- 
 tinent. It is fmalL-r than the other, and inha- 
 bited by Portupjieja, Mnl.ut01.5and Hlacks, who 
 Itave many Slaves, wliom they employ in Sut^.ir- 
 VV'orks, Plantiiiii of Tabaco, and Sowiiu', Rice 
 and otlier ( jrain •, Some Cotton alio i;rows m it, 
 which the Women fpin f )r their own Ul'e. They 
 have Plenty of Swine and i'oultry, and as much 
 i'illi as they will take. On the Sea-lliore is a 
 fmall Town of about 200 Iloules, defended by a 
 iinall I'arapet and 5 Pieces of Cannon. 
 
 S.'lh'i/ihii'i lllaiid is direftly under tlie line, 
 between 40 and 50 Leagues (rom the Coall of 
 (■9>i,]o, i^lmort Round, and about no Miles in 
 (^ornpafs. The Poringucfcs difcover'd it, in the 
 Year 1471, on S.ThoM.u'i Day , from wliiim it 
 had the Name. It was then all one entire Forert, 
 havni;^ never been inhabited, but they Peopled 
 and Plaivted it, liiice when it prodivces vaft (juaii- 
 titles of Su<';.ir, but no Wheat, by reafon of its 
 exceliive Heal. Their Chief Town is call'd Po- 
 'Vu ft', and is a Billiop'sSte, containing 5 or 600 
 Poiiiu\Hcjc Families. 
 
 Aiiiwbun lea ted towards the 2d Degree of South 
 r atitude,lbme Leagues to the South-well oiS.Tha- 
 !>!■!', is about 10 Leaj^ues in Compals, well fur- 
 nilii'd with Necelfaries for Life, and inhabited 
 by a few lo.twuejc Families, and many Blacks ^ 
 who have a little Town intrendi'd , to leciire it 
 a^ainlt any Enemy. 
 
 ^'. ALitihr.r> is between the Second and Third 
 Dei'.rees of South 1 atitude, a'oe 100 Leagues di- 
 llaiit from the nearell laud, which is that ot Oiu- 
 nea, but Delart. 
 
 The Ill.uid ot j4jlenfmi, another Iinall Place 
 not inhabited, lies between 8 and 9 Degree- ot 
 South Latitude, above 200 Leagues from aiiv 
 Land. Ships often touch there for Watir and 
 Tortoife-.. 
 
 ti.Nelaij, fo call'd, becaufe difcover'd bv the 
 Partuf!,iiejcs on tiiat Saint's Day, lies in i6 Decrees 
 15 Minutes of South 1 atitiide ^50 lA-atiues North- 
 wcfl: from the C.ipe oU[ood Hope, ;^o Well from 
 yh/rol.i, and 510 Fart from fl>Mi./7, being the far- 
 tliert from any Continent we I.now of, and vet 
 not above 20 Miles in Compais. It is ail fur- 
 rounded with high and inuccertible Rocks, except 
 on the f-^all fide, where there are two Iinall lia\s, 
 and good Anchoring for Ships , under the lliclter 
 of the llland. In this Place (Linds a fmall Fort 
 inaintain'd by the J-'f-f^liJ/j, who are poll'efs'd of 
 tile llland, and tlie only Inliabitants, being very 
 few in Number, as may be imagin'd of fiich a 
 fmall and folitary Place. Tho' tluis l.onelbme, it 
 ishealthvand plealiint, the great Heat being tem- 
 pci'd by theconllant Winds on tlie Hills. The 
 A' uiiitains pour down excellent Water, which 
 liipplies not only the Inhabitants , but all Ships 
 that touch tliere in their Way, to or from //.JA/, 
 M>.'rt of it is Rocky and Mountainous, but the 
 Valleys produce all fortsof Herbs and Fruit, tho' 
 not inucti Cjrain,becaufe the Rats dertroy it. Ihe 
 Mouiitanio fwarm with Wildlioats, and there is 
 i',re,it rtore of tame Fowl bred about thelloufes. 
 lielidci there are Wild Boats md li)me Horles. 
 The J-M^liJ/j have kept Pollvilion of this llland 
 many Years, for the Conveiiiency of Watering 
 and the other Refrelhments the L.i/i-Ii.uli.i Ships 
 tind there, the Sic': generally recovering when 
 they are but a few Days alliore. From this tor- 
 ward we meet wiih 110 llland worth mention- 
 ing, till we come to that u( 
 
 M.ul.ii^.ilc.iy, which is one of thelargert Illaiuls 
 hitiierto known in tlie World, extends ahoiit 1000 
 Miles ill Leiigtli, and above zoo m Breadth, in 
 the widcrt Part, being ieated between the 12th 
 and the 26th Degrees oi"S<JUtli Latitude, on the 
 F.art lide of Afruk, oppofite to tlie Coarts of the 
 C-ijics and Zi--i^mV.ir ; Mi:.t»ibiqiie being the 
 nearert Place to it 011 tlie Contiuenf, from which 
 it it dirtaiit above 2Co Miles. The Portitgiicjss, 
 who firll Difcover'd ii,gave it the Name of S.Lm- 
 >eiiic; the Natives ca" it Altdcajc; i\m Arabs 
 S.ir.iruiib; and the t'rchch, l.'ljie D.:. pij.iie, or .he 
 Dauphin s llland. The Length of it runs NortK- 
 eart and South-wert. All along the Coall there 
 are many plealant Rivers that fall into the Sea, 
 and good Bays, which atford lafe Anchoring tor 
 Ships. The hirich have made the greatell Difco- 
 veries both of the Coall and Inland, as being the 
 only People, who have had a Settlement there tor 
 many Years, having built * Fort on the Souther- 
 mort Part of tlie Eall fide of it, which they call, 
 the Dauphiii'i Fort, in about 25 Degrees 6 Minutes 
 of South Latitude, whence they have coi.quer'da 
 confidcrable Part of the llland, and are long fincc 
 fetled in Peace with the Natives, many of whom 
 they Convert. I lere is great Plenty of Iron, and 
 fome (.jold is found in the Mountains, but the 
 (.Jiiantity fmall, and the Value inconliderable •, as 
 alioCryilal, lopazes, Ciranates, Amethitls,Eagle 
 Stoncs,tmeraudi,Sapphires,Hyacyiiths,Jafperaiid 
 Blood Stones. No Place abounds more 111 Cattle, 
 bcfides which, there are infinite Numbers of Mon- 
 keys, abundance of Wild Dogs and Cats, befides 
 Porcupines, Crocodiles, Snakes and great N'ariety 
 
 ot 
 
1 
 
 AFRICAN ISLANDS. 
 
 iz% 
 
 of FowUaiid V\\\\. T!ie Piodiift of the Earth is 
 \v) k'U v;ivious ■, tor it pvcxluccs alL forts (if Grain, 
 Vrr'rat'.d Want'; known toils, hefidesm.u'.y more 
 wc ,iii; STranger-i to i a>. alli> fome I'epper, Ta- 
 h;ii-i-, Siii'.ir, and all tliefi: Thini^s , fKcept tlic 
 lift, inav be gatlicrct twice a Year. Nor is this 
 all, for till.' Trci'^ and Shrulis vicld the Gmn cali'd 
 'I'ac.im^ifi', Franknicenle and Bcnjainini The Sta 
 often throws np Ainber-grcire-, the Wild Bcafts 
 \ield Mnsk and (itvit •, tlic I and has Talk, or 
 l;.ins;-«lals for t!ie Windows, inflcadof Glafs', as 
 alio Salt- I'etcr, and good Coals in Pits. The 
 Towns and Vilhu'.es differ only in ljii;ners, asron- 
 filfmf', onlyf lints or (-otta^es, onlv the Houle 
 bclon^^nu; to i!ie 1 ord of tlie I'hice, islari^er and 
 more lolty tlun the Reft ^ yet thefe Dwellings 
 have i^eneralU a Dittli romid them and are Pali- 
 lado'd. Tlicir cliief Wealth confilb in Cattcl i 
 their ordinary Diet is Milk, Rice and Roots, and 
 i'oine Heet, and ihev make a Drink ol Honey, and 
 ofbu^ar •, tlieir Uabita lort of Mantle about their 
 Shonkler-;. and another Cloth wrapp'd about their 
 W'aile and hanniiu; down, with Sandals on tkeir 
 1 eet, and a Tlnnf^ like a B.isket on their Heads. 
 All the Natives are Black, except thofe of one 
 fmall Province, on the Weil Ik'e next the Tri>pick 
 oi Ciifiiiiuin, who are Tawnv , and mofl of the 
 Chief Men, who lay they are defcended from the 
 yiriib.'. They are generally of the lari^er Si/.e, 
 jftiv; and fierce, ready enoufji at any Handicraft, 
 write Arabick ("haraclers, and are addiiled to 
 Allrolony and I'onietliinn of I3ivination, and ex- 
 tremely «omplairant to tlieir Wives. As for Rc- 
 lit;ion, theyh.we no particular I'laces of Wot' 
 lliip, nor Prielis, hut ufe Circuincifion and be- 
 lieve in One God, Creator of all Things, yet 
 pay him no Adoration , living only according 
 to tile l,iw of Nature, and confeliing their Sins. 
 They alio believe tliere is a Devil, whom they 
 inuthl3rcad, b\ the Nameot 'T.iiv.idcy, and that 
 lie is tlie Author of all Evil, as God isof allGood-, 
 ami (liertlore tliey adore and endeavour to ap- 
 peale that nnkhievousSpi: it. Nonecxceeo them 
 ill fuperlfilioiis Obl'ervaiionsot'Signs and Tokens, 
 and tlie\ h.ive .ihuntlance of ridiculous Fables coii- 
 ceniing tlie Biguinmgof the World. 
 
 I here are many more iinall Illands about /)/.;- 
 djgiijiiir , as thole' of John ac L.-.ibti.i , AJaurke., 
 Al.:lc.iii/:bii.i^i^c. on the l":il\ lide,C6v;.(r.j, 5. Chii- 
 flo()ljci; the Ht,ly(ih:fi, and others on tlie North- 
 weft, and more along the Coail of Z.ingiwb,!)., 
 wliich have nothing I'articular worth our defcri- 
 
 biiig. Xi 
 
 at tiieMoutiiof the Red Sea, we 
 
 cali'd Af.nz.1, upon a Rock, and almofl cut of! 
 from the Ifland by a DecpTreiuh cut in theRofk. 
 Itis extraordinary wellfortitv'd with Outworks, 
 after the Modern manner. The Streets are large 
 and ftrait, the Houfes loftv, all of Stone, to the 
 Number of about 2000, with Hat Roofs. >' !iC 
 Gates are three, one to the Sea, and two to the 
 I and, the Churches 7, that of S. John, the Pa- 
 tron of the Order being the chicfeft. Here are 
 alio 6 Palaces, for as manv Nations as the Order 
 confifts of, being thofe ot I'rozcncc, Anvetpie, 
 France, /t.ily, Aragon \\\i.\C.:l},lc; there was lor- 
 merly one for r>:4.i.:d, but that isabolifti'd. Be- 
 fides thefe, the Great Mafler has a Magnificent 
 I'alaceof Ins own •, there are alio fome Monalk- 
 ries, and a Noble Hofpital, where the Sick arc 
 ferv'd in Plate, and by the Knights of the Order 
 themfelve?. The Arfenal is ftord with all lorts 
 of Necefl'aries for War. The Caftleot 5. t/wy, 
 feated on the Point of Land next the Sea, from 
 the City and lounded on a Rock, is a regular 
 Work of Modern Strufture, and defends the 
 City and I'ort. On tlie other Side of the Port is 
 the Caftle of .V. Amlo, and behind it another 
 Town, cali'd C,n.<r;fi/Wtfp, the N'iftorious City, 
 becauie it held out a Scige aganill the Turks. 
 Belides thefe, there is the Town of N. A/u/ak/, 
 cut off from the lllaudby ;'. Ditch, and CttiaFci.- 
 chi.i, or tile Old City, otherwife cali'd /I /f^/'w, 
 in the midft ot the Iftaiid. There are many \'il- 
 lages and fcattering Parifties, which do not de- 
 (erve any particular mention. The Natives hold 
 that the Land of this Kland, which is like a foft 
 Stone , was blefs'd by S. I'miI when he landec? 
 there, after his Dangers at Sea , and they tiiid 
 abundance of Lyes, Tongues aiicl other pieces ot 
 Snakes, fo lively reprefented in Stone, that no- 
 thing of Art can exceed them. Thefe they lay 
 were left there ever fince the Apoflle fliook the 
 N'iper from his Hand, and they pretend they are 
 an Antidote againflall i'oifoii. The Soil is natu- 
 rally Ifony and barren, fothat it yields not half 
 the Subliftencc necelTiry for the Inhabitants ■, yet 
 Iiiduftry has made feveral curious Gardens. Men 
 and Women of any Note are all clad after the 
 /taliati Falliion , the Meaner fort wear a clofe 
 (liort Waflcoat with a Hood behind, and a red 
 Cap. AllStrangers i'.rc clad after their own Coun- 
 try manner. There are thought to be 40000 Souls 
 living upon the llland, whereof 25000 Men able 
 to bear Arms, many being Knights and Soldiers, 
 wiio are not Married. A-f.ilta was anciently Sub- 
 jecl to the CirihagDii.ins , next to the Rohimu. 
 
 e an Account. o(", togvther with the Coall of After ihan \hi; A /uho/ncia,u poftels'd themfelves 
 
 of it about the Year 828, but were again expell'd 
 in IC90, by Rof,cf, the Nurmaii, Earl of Sicily ^ 
 from which Tune it contiim'd annex'd to the 
 Crown of Sicily , till the Emperour CIjmIcs the 
 5th being Mailer of that llland, gave it to the 
 Knights of S. Joim 0/ JcriiJ.dem, who after being 
 expell'd the llland of A'/joiVj by the Turks, in the 
 Year 1522, had wander'd about from Place to 
 Place, without any certain Abode. In ij30,theY 
 took PoiTellion of this llland, and that of oow,' 
 a Iinall one clofe by it, granted them, as has been 
 laid by the Emperour, where they have coiiti- 
 lui'd ever fince,aiid thence calld Knights of .I/i^/m, 
 defending it bravely againil the 'lurks, when 
 attack'd by them , and they have always done 
 great Harm to thofe InficJeU, being ever atooeii 
 War with them, and takiiu; uumy ol'their bh'.js. 
 
 Aiu.ui, and the Illand3*in the Red Sea, do not 
 (Jelerve any peculiar Delcriptioit. It therefore 
 only remains that we proceed into the AhUiter- 
 ■ ■■■:cii;i, and lay fomethiiig of the llland of 
 
 M A L T A. 
 
 Which, tho' much nearer to the Coafl of S:cily,_ 
 s \et b-«- mort Cjeographers reckon 'd as a Part of 
 Au-ick. Lhe preleiit Name is only a Corruption 
 ■•■f the Ancient, whitliwas Mcllm. ItsSitnation 
 IS ill the ',6th Degree of North Latitude , the 
 length about 15 Miles, the Breadth 7, and the 
 t'lrcumlerince 40, the !-onn almolf Oval, with 
 li'verai Harbours on the C^oafl , deleuded by as 
 uuiiv Caiiles, and the Pofitioii is South of Sicily, 
 .iiid North of lr:puli ill B,i>b)i>y. f^!ileita fo cali'd 
 lioin 7' ^ " i«' r.T/i-rffjthe Great Mailer that Fouiid- 
 'J it, is the C.ipitiil Town , built on the Port 
 
 l'**. 
 
 Mlii 
 
 I i i a 
 
 J Leaf 
 
2 2 + 
 
 AFRICA. 
 
 ji Leaf of the Cop^ heln^ \ftflaldy thlt Account of the f^iVey Nile which jljould 
 have been hi/erted in our Vefcri^tion of Egypt , iWJ omitted by the Trinter. 
 
 '^■p^IlE Riva- NILE is fo inncli talk'cl of, 
 I as Wt'll oil account of its Anmul ovei- 
 .-*- HfAviiii; and ftrtili/iii^; Eeiypi,^ the !ciij;t!i 
 of its Coiirll-, that evtry body has Iicard its FaiiK". 
 Anil it therefore \vc ftrctch a littk our iifual bre- 
 vity in Spcakinf^of it, wchopc we lliall not offend 
 unr K Cider-. 
 
 riu- Source or fountain head of Nile was in fucli 
 '.brrnritv ui ancient Tunes that it became a Pro- 
 verb of Similitude to an milrutable thini;. Nor 
 was even the Learned I'lolcmy ri;;htly inform'd of 
 it, for lie and all others after hnu till of late, laii' 
 it in tlie loth Degree of South latitude, in the 
 I oww'Aithwpi.t wliere is i;ow theKini;dom oLUo- 
 »'ieii:::gi^ where, fays he, it ilVues troui two I'ools 
 or lakes !•, nn', at fome diilante F.atl and Well, 
 ".vhich being encreas'd by the melted Snows from 
 t!ie Mountains of tlie Mijoii overliow, and unite 
 in one Channel, vvliith bv the aeccis of very many 
 'ither Rivers, is encreas'd to the Magnitude we 
 (eeit. Thus tliecomiMon Opinion tUxxi, till the 
 Jeluits and other Miliionaries ui the laft A^e tra 
 veird into the heart of Ai, iu, and have by osiilar 
 Tellimony dilcover'd tliat the River Nile prima- 
 rilv ilfues under the nth Dei^ree of North Lati- 
 tude in t!ie\\cllern Fart of the Upper -yEthiopi.i -^ 
 in the Country Coyame^ which is u l^roviuce of 
 j4byf/ii!ia : There two lluall Springs itl'ue, in a ver- 
 dant Plain on the Side of a Mountain, which foon 
 unite and make a fmall River cail'd the yibawis^ 
 and after a coiirfe of about 20 l.eai;ues North- 
 ward it turns Eaftward , and running about the 
 fame length that way, falls into the 1 ake of Dam- 
 /'f<(,whcnce ilRiing on the South, it makes a Courfe 
 ot zo or 30 leagues that way , then turns to tiic 
 VVcIf, encircles the I'rovince Goy.wie, and then 
 turns Its courfe Northward between Ahy^>n.iA»d 
 Niibi:i, palfes thro' Egypt, and finally empties it 
 ielt uito the Mediterranean Sea. It is encreafed 
 by many Rivers in its courfe •, as the O'em.t, ancl 
 two other fmall Streams near its head , the B.iJJAo, 
 che Kejcm and iomc others,as it encircles 6'nj/.<;«f ^ 
 the M.ilcg and TMcaz.e larger Streams, in the 15 
 and 19 D. Lat. and the M/^/./avery conliderable 
 River in the 25 D.of Latitude •, with many others, 
 But that tlie Niger R. idues from the lame Foun- 
 tain with A';/f, as has been maintain'd by tlie An- 
 cients , is not lo, as we have told you when we 
 fpake of t!iai River in V.ige 205. It's courfe is 
 :ioar 1500 Miles, but its breadth is not very great, 
 for Tijcvaio'- compares it to the Seine •, nor is its 
 Stream very rapid. In its courfe it has Seven Ca- 
 taracts or Falls, wherein the whole Hod y of tlie 
 River falls Perpendicular fi'im a very great height, 
 ■nid canl'es a Noife that is heard feveral Miles off. 
 At its Hux into the Sea it is divided into two 
 oreat Brandies, and formerly five more fmall ones, 
 wiience it was laid to have feven Moutlis,but thefc 
 are lo clioak'd with Sand , that they are liardly 
 diicernable. It is a little oelow the ancient City 
 Afeinphi', where the Town liid.ic now (lands, that 
 it brancheMmt, and compofing a Trianf»lc whole 
 bottom 13 the Mediterranean Sea, was iiam'd by 
 t!ie Ancieiii? the Delr;i iVoui it'^ Similitude to that 
 
 Charaftcr in tlic (}reek Alpliabct. The Moutiis of 
 tlie two great Streams are, the Eaft at l).:m,eta^ 
 and tlie Weft at Rofetto. This is the only River 
 in Egypr^iwA the only Water they have to Drink, 
 wherefore all their Towns are fcated near if. 
 Banks. The Water is muddy, but they h.ivean 
 Art to clarify it, and it is very wholfom Drink. 
 It affords but little Filli, but abounds with Croco- 
 diles, a Creature of ravenous Nature, and by his 
 devililli Nature ()f loving Man's Flelh is very ter- 
 rible : It is in form like a Li/ard, with four Legs 
 I and a long Tail, and long Snout \ arm'd with a 
 wonderfully llrong fcaly Coat, which renders liim 
 alinoft invulnerable •, his Mouth is very long, and 
 Ills laws arm'd with long and lliarp Teeth •, and 
 has thefe two Peculiarities in his Mouth, namely, 
 has no Tongue, and moves his Upper Jaw while 
 his under remains fix'd. The Crocodile is amphi- 
 bious, and lives at I and as well as in Water, is 
 oviparous and lays her Eggs in the Sand, whidi 
 warm'd by the Sun hatches 'em j it grows its whole 
 life, and lo from 4 or 5 Inches, grows to 20 Foot 
 ill k.igtli •, and IS exceeding Strong. 
 
 The Encreafe of the Nile, is by fome attributed 
 to the great Rains that fall in ^/-Ethiopia at that 
 Sealijn :, by others, to the melted Snow from off 
 the Mountains •, and perhaps by botli, as the Ri- 
 vers in the India extraCangem are in the fame man- 
 ner annually encreas'd, as we told in its place \ 
 the great River Niger is obferv'd to overHow iii 
 the (iime manner. Of the encrcafe of the A7/f, 
 Mr. Thevciiot has treated very particularly, from 
 his own Obfervation on the Spot^the curious Rea- 
 der may coiifult him for the tarriff of every day's 
 rife of the Water, which not being fo generally 
 delir'd, and withal is of fo much length, that it 
 might feein tedious and impertinent to tranfcribc 
 it here. The fuvn of that account is, that it be- 
 gins to encreafe about the Middle of M''y , and 
 continues encreafing by eafy additions of 4 or $ 
 Inches a day till the Middle of September, and 
 foinetimes till Otlubcr. Hecaufe the Egypiinns re- 
 ceive fo much benefit by the Inundation of their 
 Land , they are careful in obfcrving its Rile. 
 They call tlie Meafurc by which they obferve its 
 rife Pic, which is 24 Fingers breadth. When it is 
 rifeii i6 7'/cVthey cut the A'/m/;.' or Bank that is 
 made to confine the Stream, which is pcrform'd 
 wit]i great Ceremony by the Baflia and his Chief 
 Olticers. On the 28 or 29 of June, a folemn Pub- 
 lication is made of the encreafe of the River by a 
 Cryer. whofe bufinefs it is to declare every day 
 after that day what addition of Water is made. 
 The Year Mr. T/^ewwaf was there, the Water of 
 the Nile was encreas'd on the 28 June 8 Pic's ; on 
 the 1 4 ^iig. It being rifen to 16 Pic'f the Khalis was 
 cut, and continued encreafing to the 22 Sept. on 
 which day it was rifen to 21 P'c'j and 16 Fingers 
 breadth, which we may reckon to be above 40 
 Foot. After that day the Waters decreas'd, aud 
 went off in as gentle a manner as they came on. 
 Tlie V\'aters overflow almoft the whole Land, for 
 it lies lb low, that the River from one Furlong's 
 brcailth encreafes to -lOO Furlongs. 
 
 A 
 
 T H 
 
 I'ropxik 
 
 P A 
 
 t'eoptck 
 
 A General 
 
^ 
 
 itjf 
 
 General and Particulai: DESCRIPTION 
 
 AMERICA. 
 
 America 
 
 S 
 
 h»t!'M'!' 
 
 .^!:i;*l 
 
 ■ > r 1 Mil 
 
 
 li'':^ iir> 
 
 CHAR 
 
11.1 
 
 c 11 A P. r. 
 
 or A M 1- Pw I C A in General. 
 
 Tins l.ill and nvoatcft I'art, of tlu- F..iu- 
 tlk- World IS divided into, lay totaltv 
 I'lirv'd 111 C)!i((untv, .nid iiiiknowii to ilii- 
 otluT 1 liiw, tor 111 inaiiv Ai'.csas pals'd tVom the 
 • 'riatioii till tlic Year of our lord 14'j;, wlicn 
 tirlV difrovcr'd bv tlu* I'viT renowned Ciiijiiplxr 
 CLfn.biiy .1 (^/'(v.'f/., Imi cmiMoy'd b\ Ifrdmiiid 
 and /■//•;.•/ !•.•'■, Kiiip, a'.. IQnecnot'.'jpi^". It is id 
 vain to loiin to onr ll'lvci vain Notioiib ot the 
 Aniicnts lu'inc, aiiiiuintcd witli it, on Arcoiint 
 o| l'liiii\ Ail.unti , and liicli ^ninndlds Hints in 
 <;tlK'r Aiitliovs. IIkIc arc all ClimicrualSuiipo- 
 I'ltions, for li) vali a Continent once toiind ont 
 roiild never be loll ai.viin, unleli Mankind Iiad 
 juMilli'd, andaiuw Rate had Ipruiig iiptliat was 
 totally t.'',iinrant of it. 
 
 Tlie Name of Aninic.i isrertainly, tlio'noUTs 
 iindifervedlv deiiv'd from Amoicti' I'llfirjiHs, 
 V'lio (imtiiuiin^; the Dili'overies bej',iin aloiif; the 
 Continent by Ccliin:i>iis^ uliirp'il tile I ioiiour iiirtly 
 due to tlie lirft Undertaker ^^i lo Noble an Faitcr- 
 jiri/e. Tlie .*>p.w/.i)(/j to wlioin tlie World owes 
 the Pilcovery , i;ave it the Name of the New 
 World. .111(1 tliit |iro|Hrlv eiiou^li, as beiiif, fo 
 iinmenle a 1 rai'l th.it it exceeds .my of the oilier 
 three I'arts, ami is not iniicii iiifei ioiirtothemall 
 pnt to.;etlier. A tliird Name of U'cfl-lndies it re- 
 ceivillroin the firit Difcoverers, as no Way infe- 
 riour to //.'(/(.! for \V'calt!i, witli the Oiftinftiou 
 of Well, ill Rei;ard of its haviiii', that I'olition 
 fro;;i u>, as th ■ other i-. Fait. 
 
 As to tiie i'.xteiitj it is lo l^rixiigioiis, that in 
 ;co Vears liiice our tirll knowledi',e of it, wc liavc 
 not been .ible to al'ecrtain its Bounds. What iiai 
 been viewil is from 7K Degrees of North 1 atitude, 
 ill whieli Sir Tooiiun ^?intlj'<, Hav lies, to 60 IV- 
 I'.rces Soiitli l.ititiide, in all i;?8 1)ei;rees North 
 .uid South i which t.ikcn in a Ihait Line, amounts 
 to S.:i)0 Miles in Length, with a I'utable Breadth 
 in tome I'arts of near 40CO .Miles , tho' the llUi 
 nuis It lelf, which jo\ 11s North and Soutii ylmna.i, 
 be not fio Miles over ■■, yet from thence botli I'.irts 
 of tl'e Continent ihetcli thenilelves out Eall ai.d 
 Well, till tlicy make the Breadth already meii- 
 tion'd. 
 
 V\ hat an be laid of tlie Soil in fuchXanety of 
 Cliin.itcs, liiit tiiat exceptiiij; the umiI lYntliuii 
 and Southern I'arts, made barren , as elfewlieie, 
 by evceliive Cokl, the reil is all linmc;.ii 't'rea- 
 fury of Nature, producmgall Plants, 'nun and 
 Fruit known in the rell of the World 111 f;reat 
 Plenty, belides inruiite other Sorts peculiar to it- 
 ll'lf, and wliich will not thrive ellew'liere. Vet 
 wliatisall tins to the Inexhaulhble Mines of Gold 
 and Silvery wluch tlio' all the Art of Man has 
 been endeavouring to Drein tor 200 Years, are 
 yet fo fir from beiiii; impoverillrJ , tli.it tliey 
 only want frelli Supplies of Hands to dr.iw out 
 ih;.ir eiidleis Uealiii, to C'jorfte the iiilatia- 
 ble Avarice of Man. Nor are dold and Sil- 
 ver the only precious Commodities, tuch Qiiaii- 
 tiiies of Pearl-, Fuuraiids a\k\ .\iiiethills have heen 
 tliere loaiid , that the\ are become ot incoiilide- 
 r<»ble\ .i'ue,inrerpei;t of what ilie\ were. And to 
 (leftend toother Particulars thoUj^li i,ot of fo liigli 
 
 a price, yet valuable and of life, thence vvi- rf- 
 Ceivemir ci)iili.mt .ind plentiful Supplies of (..• 
 chiueele, Iiidif, .^n.ltto, i oi'.wood, Hra/il, In 
 llick, 1 u'.num \ iti-, Siii',.ir, (iiii^;er, (!,icao, H.n ■ 
 nillas. Cotton, Ra] W,«,l|, l.ibaco, lliikv, 
 Aiiiber->',rteie, Be/oar, Hillain ot I: In, of yV./ 
 and 'A ('hill, f/W;/;M Hark , Jalap, Meiho.iran, 
 Sarfaparilla, Sallafras , 'lainarinds, ('alii,!, aud 
 very many othei I liin;',s which thele Pait-, weie 
 betore utter Strani'.ers to , or ,it le.itl reieiv'il 
 them at fecoiul or tlnrd Hand, and at exorbit.uit' 
 Uates, Iroin tuih as tradini', to / I'l/'/ and ilii; 
 Coatl o( yljii, ditlriliuted what tiiev tjieie iiad 
 bri>u|;ht to than by 1 and, into all tlte Pait« . f 
 l'iiro\t by Sea. 
 
 Tlic N.itives wlieii t'lrll toiind out , were, as 
 may be luiai'.in'd nilmli.i v.itl !• Kteni oj teveral 
 fori', tome living; iicc.irdiu". to the Piuiulive lu 
 noccnrc, as in many of the lli.inils •, others Inim 
 man and Barbarous (,';v./'.7j, or Man laters as 
 in otiier itlands and Part-, 'it the ( 'outiuent , l(>iiie 
 under Polite Cioverninent , and mn.lity Mon.n 
 ciiies, as w'ere tiiofe of .I/c.v/<h and I'trn, witli 
 (lately Cities and otiier Mai;niliceiit Struiliues-, 
 otliers more Kiule, and Ic.itterini; lu \ ilLu'.es un- 
 der petty Princes, as in tlie North and Soutli, and 
 between tlie two threat Fuipircs bef iremeutMu'd •, 
 and lallly, one Commoiiwe.iltli rei^ularly t'^overiiM 
 and tivili/'d, whicli w.is th.it of {'l.tjuli. |m '"•uii 
 Variety of Natimis, tliere mull ben ilef, olCti- 
 ttouis and Manners. I.earuiiu', cannot be laid to 
 have had any Entrance tliere, no .Man amou^; 
 them ever knew wliat it was to write, or read, 
 and coiifeciueiiMy there luuil be a profound It;no- 
 raiite of all Sciences. 
 
 Kelit;ioii Could not be expeiTed to Iiavc any 
 Footini; in a I'lace, wliich li.iil never been known 
 to thole who liad receiv'd tlie Word of IickI, It 
 is true, there are . Authors wlio laKnir to findout 
 tome dark Tokens of Chrilliaiiity , Iwvnii; been 
 introdue'd amoiii; tiiol'e Savages . and they take 
 no little Pains toinakeS. '7");«w.(.(,the Apollle,thcu 
 Intlruftori but tiielearc liicii far-fetcli'd Fancies, 
 as Iiave lu.t tiie lead .Xppearance o\' I'ollibility, 
 niudi lefs of Probability \ for wlucii Way lliall 
 we llippofe tlie Apollle to get tliithcr, uiilel's an 
 Angel took him up, as we read of S. I'lulip, witcn 
 he was carried to Convert the Fuiiuch. But it 
 belongs not to us to enter upon tiiefe needlel* 
 Arguments, this is certain, that wlieii yl/iicnt 1 
 was dilcover'd, notliiiu; appear'd in it from North 
 to South but Idolatrous Supertlition. Tlie iiioll 
 JiimKeiit paid Adoration to Sticks and Stones, 
 betore which they perform'd many abl'urd .uicl 
 ridiculous Ceremonies •, whillt tlie wickeder 
 Part hoiiour'd the Devil with Sacrifices I'f Hu- 
 man Bloeid , wherein they butcher'd Multitudes 
 of Men. 
 
 The Seafons and Temperature of the Air are 
 not as ill the other Parts of the World, only ,iii- 
 fwerable to the Climate or Poliiioii 111 Regard to 
 North and Soutli, but ditler fometiiiies extremely 
 in the lauie latitude, one tide ot' a .Mouiit.iiu 
 being temperate and tlie oilier txcellive hut ', 
 one hour korch'd, and .mother fro/.cu, aiidloiii 
 
 oilier 
 
Of AMERICA m Qcmal. 
 
 llOWll 
 
 .1. k 
 kIoiu 
 hem 
 \, take 
 ;,thcu 
 iiuics, 
 bihtVi 
 
 a\.iu 
 
 Id', M 
 
 wlu'ii 
 
 jiiit It 
 
 lurii ' 
 Noith 
 in<il\ 
 tones. 
 
 lUtl 
 
 ckccliT 
 a- 
 tiKli:s 
 
 'I 
 
 Illy .I'l- 
 i.ird to 
 ;reiTH.'lY 
 mwt.iiu 
 liot , 
 
 i.tlirr IviTpi'As .IS we lli.ill fee when wc umic 
 tu Ipiak of tlioic Couiitrii's. 
 
 1 Ik' liviiiii, Ociifmes are no WU various than 
 arc .ill otlicr I'rodn^hons. I lories liad never 
 In'vii Ian inalliliU (lontjnent, nor <lo we he.o 
 lit' .in\ Kiiu-, inilult in the" moil Northern 'oi. 
 hilt lor otlur liirt>, they wantcil liau.. ,ui, 
 ili.it weliave, unlets wc men I ion tlie tiephants 
 anil.('aniel» of y/diiuiil ///kc/, which are llran 
 j^ers ti' liit'ipt. Ihc I'.re.it variety of Kirils is 
 wonilirliil, and many of them tlie moll be.uui- 
 ill! in ilie World for lunon, featlm't'- of t!ie 
 uioll dili)i,litliil Coloins to hihold. Nor do ilk- 
 Seas .ili^rd Icfs Diveifity , and abundantc of 
 Villies. 
 
 The Kivers here arc the created inllicUni 
 verie he\ond all Coniriovcrlie, a-, to inl't.inie 
 III a few, llial of Cwtdu, in llic Nortli, wLiih 
 is known to run above 1500 Miles, and ii yo 
 MiUb over at the Mouth. That of tlie ^l»i,i- 
 iitii in Sonllt Amcriti, whiill riles iiW<///, and 
 alter wateriii;', feveral Nations, andaCoiirle uf 
 ytico \5Jles , falls into the Northern Ocean, 
 between Ih .i-Jl and din m.i , rowlnu', Inch .1 
 liro',ii;!,ioiis (iiiantity of Water, iliat the\ t.ike 
 it frelli leveral 1 eav.ueiont ol the Seatioinihe 
 Miiiiihof It. I ha! ol I'Liic dcrcendnii; Irum the 
 Inland of Soiitli j-I/hok.i, and urownij', lo j'.reat 
 with the ac'iellion ol many other Kivers, tli.it 
 for itiany 1 e.iji,iies it ^< >ks like a Sea, and chl- 
 tl:art;es it fell into ti; Otean at a Mouth above 
 1^0 Miles in llreultli. 
 
 \\ ii.it Moiiutains can be coinpar'd to tlioCe 
 we find here f 1 hole call'd /■liiUa be>',in on the 
 Shore of tliatoll'd 7 ;f»r</ /•'/»/«(•, wliitii is next 
 the ifthmus of Anxtua^ and luttnii^ all ■. !iat 
 Svuitlieni I'art intotw.i, end at tlie Streit^ht of 
 J}J:if:,vll.iii^ their UuKih beiuK about jSJco Miles, 
 and tliur leij'Jith to exieliive, that they are fc- 
 v.ral \\\\'- I uniey over, and thole who irofb 
 tlu'iii ever I'll), r very much told,tho' in the hottell 
 Se.Ji.ii, liefides otlier Inconveniences. Ol tile rell 
 it will he needlels to I'peak liere, when we lliall of- 
 fer ii'ore l'aiiicul..rs coming to the Provinces m 
 wiiu I; tlu'v are loinid- 
 
 lliis in,vv VVorlil, as it was firll difcover'd by 
 the .V -.,ir,l.y \k> the greateft and bell part ol 
 It li.ll to tlieir lliarc Other Nations pcrceivinfj 
 ^\!'Jt a vail addition tins w.is like to make to 
 ilieir M(iiiari.hv, would not kirter ihein to be the 
 l< Ic I'dfldlbrs of fuiii an ample Dominion. 'Uie 
 I'lrnii^uiU-f accidentally were call upon the Cpall 
 ot K,\izu, v. Iknthev were defign'd for the £■(//- 
 J'-d.c.-., md iK.pvoviiit ilieir good fortune have 
 iii.'.detliciiilelvci. Nialiers of all thole Coalls. The 
 lini.jii Were not idle, but by dei;rees, and at 
 llvcr.il times, Ipread ihemfelves alonjj ilie Nor- 
 iliuii Shore-s, where they fettled in ^"irginia, 
 ALii:Li,ici^ Carol. mt, mil otlttr l'rovinces,befides 
 the H'cOidb of j.Miiiita, Barbiidofs.^ and ioine of 
 Ids Note. The hti:ib have a conliderable 
 Nortliern extent of Lund along the River of 
 Cm.id.i, which gives its Name to all their Coii- 
 i',ue(ls. And even the i-iwu/j would not go with- 
 out (imie Portion in this common Dividend, but 
 Iwve (ecur'd to thcmfelves good Footing at Cu- 
 r.ijj.io and >'<(////..v/;, in South ^^/i«Jt.(. All this, 
 as lias been laid, is nothing to what the Spaiu.irdi 
 
 ciijcjy, .Is h.tviii^ no CiMiipetitor 011 the South 
 Sci, wlwrc their IX)ininioiis extend from 40 Dc 
 ureiis III North to near .|> of South Lititiide, 
 being about v^CO Miles in leiii'^th, the more 
 Nortliern and Sunthcni I'.irts beini; ftilt nn- 
 <oii(|iier'd, and polfefs'd by the fiv.ii'.e Natives. 
 Ill all iheli; vall CoiKiueljs of fo many /-jimpcM 
 Nations, Clirillianity lus n<iw utterly aholijh'd 
 Idolatry, H) that nothii|;', >■• it remains but on- 
 ly in thole Parti which, li a e not been fubdued, 
 which are |Mnicipa|lv fav N.irtli and Scntli. Hut 
 only i\k Sp.iiijMjj h vcipread the Light of the 
 (lolpel amoHc. tlie Nafux*, fur the otjier l.uro- 
 l'i:i/i Nations luive none, or very few .Subjedlsof 
 them, whereas tlie Sp.wi.i,d, have many Milli 
 oils who h.ive no Hnovv)edi',e of the l'a,',aii Su 
 perliituMi-ol ihcir fore lathers, and at tliistime 
 the {^iirilhan Rtliuioii is lo lar .idv.nicd , tliai 
 thev have 5 Aulil)illiopricks, z() Hilliopricks, 
 Z llniverllties, above ^^oo M.niallenes , many 
 more llofpitiils, and an iiitinite luiiiiber of P.i- 
 rilli Chiirilies. All iliele M it ters have been here 
 li'jjitly toiith'd upmi, oiil\ to i',ive the Re.ider 
 a general \iewof the whole, referring iiim for 
 a more particular AcomiiL to the Dellription 
 ot every Pi.ivince. 
 
 It reiiianis tli.it we (..miio to the Divilimi ol 
 Ainnn.i^ lu order to whicli it is netellary to 
 preiinte, that it ib always divided into twoprin- 
 cip.il Parts, call'd North and South y/wf/u,/, 
 tliele being two mighty pieces of the Coiiti 
 iienr, almolt cut alnnder by t!ie Se.i, and only 
 join'd by the narrow ////j//;//j, or Neck of L.iiid, 
 winch has I'.m.un.i on the one tide, and A'jmbic 
 de Dim on the otlier, and is bill iS Leagues, 
 or 54 Mites over, (o fiiill a bar parting'" the 
 Nurtliand Soutli Seas, Now eacli of tiiele two 
 iuinci£al P.iris or Re^jiuiis is liibdivided into 
 it.> feveral Kingdom,, Provinces, or Domlnioiu,' 
 Ud will ap)Kar by tlie following I'able, in wliicii 
 the lame Order lliall be obleiv'das in the other 
 P.utsof the World. Ik-fore we proceed, it is 
 iieceliary to obferve, til at Amencu is not known 
 lo ).iin to any (;ther P.irt of the World, and 
 theielore the boundaries on the Kail and Welt 
 lides are ihoi'e tommonly call'd, the NortJi and 
 South Seas ^ on the Syuth aiioiher part of the 
 Ocean beyond Vmru del liugo \ but on the North, 
 where it ends, ii,is no( hitherto been difcover'd, 
 the fartheil attempts ih^it Way proving in vain, 
 thole who have I'ail'd highcil llill meeting Lancl 
 and Ice on the fide next to Europe, and on the 
 Wellerii lide, tlio' loine Maps reprefent the 
 Land of Jtffo mi\ Streiglitsof yini.m as exattif 
 as if they had feeii tliem, there 's i.othing iu it 
 but Faiilie, none l)4ving ever made* Progrels far 
 enough that Way to determine whether there 
 is an open Sea, or a narrow Streiglit, betwixt 
 ylji.i and America. Nay, were the W.)rld once 
 convinc'd that there was only a Streiglit to fe- 
 parate thefe two Farts of the Eartli, it would 
 put an end to the mjiny Speculations for dif- 
 rovcring which way Aiucric:( caine tirll to be In- 
 habited, that being a Point much controverted, 
 and to very little purpole, among the Learned, 
 as only known to him that made it. But let 
 us come to the Table of Divifions, which Hands 
 thus. 
 
 I i 
 
 !; tl 
 
 M^ 
 
 .ivi 
 
228 Of AMERICA in General. 
 
 The Polar or Arftick 
 Countries,Dei;irtor 
 not conquer'd. 
 
 In North A 
 
 Croenliind. 
 
 New Denmark. 
 
 'New Wales. 
 
 New Britain, or 
 Tierra de Labrador, 
 or Eflotiland. 
 'fEJ<]ni»:aai. 
 
 IBerfiamites, 
 Sagnenay. 
 Canada, properly w 
 CHiiada.or theFrench< call'd. 
 Dominions. | Louijiana. 
 
 I Iroquois. 
 I Etechemii'S. 
 \ y^Accadia. 
 f New England. 
 I New Tork. 
 \NewJerJy. 
 
 Englilh Dominions. <^^;;;-- 
 
 I Maryland. 
 {^Carolina. 
 Florida not well DifcoverU;^ 
 
 TigH.ti. 
 
 Pajfaguates. 
 Tobojos. 
 Jumanes. 
 Cibola. 
 Quires. 
 Cimames. 
 Hiibates. 
 Tamos. 
 Quivixa. 
 y^Apadies. 
 
 ME RICA. 
 
 ' CCinaloa. 
 
 iCuliacan. 
 New BiJ'city. 
 Government oi 'J""-; Zacaiecas. 
 dalaiara, Subjett to^ chitmetlan. 
 
 Spain. 
 
 Government of Mexi- 
 
 co, of the Crown< ^y^y^J_,_ 
 
 Xalifio. 
 
 Giiadulajara,^io^eTlf 
 . fo call'd. 
 "MechoiKOn. 
 Panttco. 
 
 Me.xico, proper'. V fi* 
 call'd. 
 
 of Spain 
 
 Govern.iient of Gua- 
 
 timala belonging to< 
 
 Cuaxaca. 
 
 Tabafco. 
 Xiitatati. 
 'Chiapa. 
 Soconujce. 
 Fcra Paz.. 
 Uuatimali:. 
 
 Spain. 
 
 New Mexico , 
 left to Spain. 
 
 Sub- 
 
 Honduras. 
 
 Nicaragua, 
 Cofia Rica, 
 yeragita. 
 
 The ISLANDS. 
 
 TierraFirme, or thcj ^<"«.^^» « 
 Main-land, Sub)ea<(.^<r»«'^'"'"- 
 o ■- Piiriit. or 
 
 to Spain, 
 
 In South 
 
 fTierra Firme, or Pa- 
 nama Province. 
 Cartagena. 
 Santa Marta. 
 Rio de la Hatha. 
 
 New Alt- 
 
 AMERICA. 
 
 Kingdom of Peru 
 Subjeft to Spain. 
 
 <Lo 
 
 oi 
 
 1 Lo 
 
 Paria, or 
 dalHt.ia. 
 
 The New Kingdom 
 of Granada. 
 \Popayan. 
 f Quito. 
 ■ Los Qiii.xo.'. 
 Pacamoros. 
 .OS Reyes, or Lima 
 or Peru Proper. 
 ^,os Charcas. 
 LL<J Sierra. 
 rCayana. 
 Mataya, 
 Tapayfa. 
 Paranatba. 
 Aparia. 
 Caribana, 
 Apanta. 
 \jCoropa. 
 rPitra. 
 \ Maragnao. 
 1 Siara. 
 Brazil , belonging to^ p-^ Grande. 
 Portugal ] Paraiba. 
 
 } Tamaraca. 
 
 rScregipt. 
 I Bahia. 
 
 Brazil , belonging to^ y,^,.,^ 5,^^^^ 
 Portugal. 1 Ejprnru Santo. 
 
 I Rio de Janeiro, 
 Xs.k'iicnte. 
 
 'Cuayra. 
 
 Paraguay , properly 
 fo call'd. 
 Cl^aco. 
 Tucitman. 
 Parana. 
 Vrvaiga, 
 
 Rio de la Piua, pvo- 
 . perly fo call'd. 
 
 Chili, Subjeft to f Chili, 
 Spain. icrtOOy or Chucuyto. 
 
 Paraguay, orRiodc 
 la Plata, Subjeft to< 
 Spain. 
 
 Guiana or Caribana, 
 not conquer'd by a 
 iiy Luropeans. 
 
 Terra Magellanica. - - - 
 polfefs'd by the Ni'twes. 
 
 The ISLANDS. 
 
 CH A F 
 
 laces 
 
lip 
 
 ,,.,,; CHAP. \L 
 The POLAR orARCTICK Countries. 
 
 GRotnLmd is the tnoft Northern Part of A- 
 nieriCii, if we may affi^r. it to this Qitar- 
 ter of the World, and it joins to it. for 
 any thing we yet know. How far it extends 
 F.aft and Weil cannot be determin'd , neither 
 E'Ctremity beiiiR \et found out, only fome will 
 have it to be fcparated from ^mericahv Hud- 
 fon's Streights, which cannot be afTur'd, fince 
 we are ignorant of what is higher. Southward 
 it reaches to f : oe F.riwtll in 60 Degrees of 
 Latitude,and hew f>rit runs to the North no Man 
 yet could fini, <ui. Vrom that Southern Point 
 it runs uway 10 the North Eaft to Spitz.bcr^c>i 
 or Crcerli'r.d. This Country the D.in'JJ' and 
 /cf/.W ChronicUs lay was fi ft Difcovcr'd and 
 Peopled by one TurnaL a Norwrgian, about the 
 Year 779. In I'is Son Erick'i time it was divided 
 into two Provinces, the Eaflern and the Weft- 
 etn, and the Chriftian Religion brought in 
 from Dciimtrh. The principal Town is in the 
 Eaft, and call'd Garde^ and another nam'd Aih •, 
 in the Weft KiiidleJiord^d»(i Ffnipefinffiord,vih\ch 
 Places had one Bilhop, and feveral Monafteries. 
 From the time above-mention'd all that was 
 known of this Country, continued in fubjeftion 
 to theC\owr\'^u{ Jjennuirk and Norw.iy, till a- 
 bout the Year 1390, the Communication being 
 fomewliat inrerrupted by Troubles at Home , 
 anil Lofles at Sea, ihi (J reoiinidir^ were left to 
 themfelveii , and utterly loft agani till in the 
 Ye.ir 157b, A,:!ir,itt'rol'://jcr di'cover'd that we 
 now Ciill i\'t .V (ircmiwd^ but tile Natives Ibfal- 
 vage til t there wa*. no poliibility of dealing 
 with ti'' :i , as ma\ be leeii in the Accounts of 
 his \ nv.uK>. Tliev are ftrong of Body, and 
 cloatli'd ui -ca Calves-Skins lewd together with 
 tl'e Sinews "i l"ealis,the V omen wearing Breech- 
 es as wel! .5 tlie Men •, their Complexion Olive 
 ColiHi'', then Hair long, their taces painted 
 with '.)lue, all very naily, and ftraiigers to 
 Modertv. They know no other Wealth but 
 their Slinj's, Bows, Arrows, and Boats. The 
 laft Imld but one M.m, and are covti'd with 
 Sea-CaWes Skins ^ but tlicv Iiave a large Sort, 
 cover'd witli V\ hales-bkiiis, winch will contain 
 20 l'erl(jns. Since then other Sinps have ieve- 
 K<! times been on tlie Co,(t, and in iome Parts 
 have Traded with the N uves for furs. Sea 
 Calves hk'.ns, and pieces ct Unicorn's Horn. Ha- 
 ving mention "d this Horn, it is proper tu ob- 
 I'crve, tiiat the Beail valid a Unicorn we can- 
 10: fuid in any Part ut tlie \\ orld, but in thefe 
 Northern Seas there are iPiiny of a Ibrt ot lilh, 
 witli along III. Ill in tlie forehead, andexaiitly 
 .uifwenng to that we (ee in leveral l-'arts, vul- 
 laiy rnkon'd to helon;i to that always invi- 
 (ible Beaft. Tl.eSoil is certainly ban en, by rea- 
 I'on of tlie txceliivtt^oki, nilomuch tliat the Na- 
 tives i\o not k'.'.ow V. hat Corn is, and their whole 
 Suhliileiice is lilh, ion. e ivuots, Uter, and Bears, 
 ■nid the Drink they moll delight m -s Whak- 
 <.'il. t)ther Parts of (jK/./.-v/t/ are altogether 
 Peliirt, and tlutlkr it is that feveral Nations 
 of L.iycpc relort for the Wjiale Filliery. But 
 ti. draw nearer to .,-///,c/V,j, in the Year 1570, 
 F(i>i',j/,ci- abovc-mcntioii'd, after dtltuvcriiig le- 
 
 veral Capes and Bays, came into the Streight 
 to which he g ive his own Name, in 62 Degrees 
 of North Lititude, and forcing his Wav through 
 the Ice, arriv'd at the Place he nam'd the Coun- 
 tefs of W.i ~.Vi's Sound, v.'hcre he had defigti'd 
 to build a Fort, h;jvin", brought Timber from 
 J-:>ij^limd, but part of that being loft in another 
 Ship, he rcturii'd hcine loaded with glittering 
 Sand, which he imagai'd to be Gold. 
 
 In 1585, Mr. Joh.! D:ivis found the Streight 
 which bears his Name, and tends to the North 
 Weft, where he Traded with the Salvage Natives. 
 Next, Mr. Hndju/i (ovukI another Streight, and 
 through it came into thevaft Bay which retains 
 iiis Name, and lies between EAotUaud and New 
 Wale. Sir Thonuis Tiiittoii follow'd, and keeping 
 more Northwards, le'.. into that ftill call'd Biitro>i\ 
 Bay, and Winter'd at Port Nclj'on. Baffin after 
 this lail'd into 78 Degrees of North Latitude, 
 where a Bay retains his Name, and return'd 
 convinc'd tliat there was no Pallage. Captain 
 J.itnci, an Euglifiimun , and Captain Aliwk-, a 
 Dane., m.ide the like Attempts with as little fuc- 
 cefs. Thus all the Advp.aage we have gain'd by 
 their Labours, is to be fatisfied there is no Pal- 
 lage or open Sea on the North of Aincrica., and 
 that (Irecnltwd dfies not join to America as high 
 as 78 Degrecsof North Latitude, where B.ijjin's 
 Bay parts them. 
 
 Captain Afunk's \'oyage has brought us to 
 New Denmark, lying from 60 Degrees no Man 
 knows how far Northward , nor can we give 
 it any bounds Southward. A miferable Land 
 almoft ever fro/en, and ronfetiuentty affordin 
 nothing for the fupport of Life but Huh as the 
 barbarous Natives are oblig'd to take up with 
 being Fifli, Deer, Bears, and feveral Ibrts ot' 
 \\ ater-1-owl, without any fort of Grain. 
 
 New WJcs vas partly louiid by iltdfim, and 
 part by "J.imcs and others, being a Land lyin" 
 iouth and Eaft of New lJen/>:jrl: , bounded by 
 that and Hiidi(r,i''i Bay on the North, by the fame 
 Bay on the Eaft, by New h'r.ince on the South 
 the Extent WeiUvard unknown. ' 
 
 AVrp lint(un.^i lerra de Labrador., or E/lotd.vid 
 or : terra de Can crtal., for it has alt thefe Names' 
 and the laft from one Cortereal a %;«(,« ^, who 
 fnft found it after the Southern Dilcoveries were 
 iriuch ailvanc'd. it is divided on the North and 
 Eaft from tlie otiier VMtoi A,i,crnaAU(\Cireen 
 l'»id by Uiidjon'i, Bay and Streight, on the Weft 
 it lias the Northern Ocean, and on the South 
 New Frame. All thefe Countries, and what lies 
 North and Weft from tliem ftill unknown tons, 
 li.ive no lown, or Houles better tliaii UmJ., 
 the Natives a wretciied, lalvage iVople, little 
 better tliaii Brutes, without any knowledge of 
 Religion, or even of the Conveiiiences ot this 
 prelent Lile-, generally dad m Skins, and feed- 
 ing on I- i!h, and the llelli of wikl Beafts, and 
 luih \\'ater-Hn\ls as can live in tliole Irozen 
 Cuuiitrits The Land is bare and friutlels, and 
 all th.u Merchants venture tor to any of thele 
 Parts, IS either the Whale l-iihery of 6, -a „•/.;« j, 
 or the F'jia of yWj«.''s Bay. Tlieiefore this 
 tu.iy fu«^"ce for thole unhippy Couiitiies. 
 
 Kkk CHAPi 
 
 I'M; 
 
 •If 
 
 
i)0 
 
 GHAP. in. 
 
 C A N A D A , or New * rincej 
 
 n: 
 
 WA 5 firft dircover'd by the Sp.tm^rXs, \\ho 
 findiiiR nothing there of \ aluc , ca 1 d it 
 Cibo Jc NmU, or Cape Nothwg ^ whence 
 by Corruption came t!ie Name of Cw.;J^, that ol 
 Nnv France being given it in Regard the t,a:ch 
 are polTef.'d of a great I'art and are daily extend- 
 ing their Conquefts through the Reft. ^ On the 
 North It Borders on Eflotd.wd, /y«^/fl» s Bay,and 
 Part of Nnv W.iles-^ The Eaft extends along the 
 Northern Ocean-, The South lies upon the Domi- 
 nitn.of A'nr / iii,h>id and Hondi and tlie VVeU is 
 notdetermin'( as reaching to Nations not yet dif- 
 cover'd. The moll Northern Part comes up to 
 about 55 Degrees of latitude, and the moft Sou- 
 thern defcend-, to 34, but the Figure is very irre- 
 aulir -, the Length from Eaft to Weft cannot be 
 decided, as has been already obfervd, what has 
 been hiihertu difcoverV. runs above zoco Miles. 
 
 The iliver of C.miii.i, cr of 5. Laurence, as the 
 y,;mh call It, or Hochihga, is the largcft in all 
 "North ///'ioa.f, and infeviour to few in the World, 
 being above 30 Leagues over at the Mouth, and 
 100 Kithoin deep. The Courle ut it is already 
 known fir 1500 Miles, as Howuig out ot the Lake 
 of the ilirorii, which has a Communication with 
 
 that caird .VwiV«>-, or the Upper, and that of <<« 
 I'liMs , or of the Stinking T'ecp'e , from whirh 
 there is a Communication wit!i that of Siour, an?* 
 from that to .mother call'd Jfibnucls, 7 or?' ■ 
 Miles North-weft of that of Hurons ;, f )r fo f.i 
 the Friars have gone upon the Miftion : and many 
 are of Opinion that a PalTage may be found that 
 VVav unto the Soutli Sea. Several other Waters 
 confiderable enough in themfelves , tlio' incmifi- 
 derable compar'd with tliis, fall inU) it, as firft 
 that of Dts Pr,iirics,or <if the Mea( ()Ws,D? Afi'ii, 
 LcsTrois Rivieres, or tlie Triple River, thepre^ 
 ter o( Siir.iien.ty ^ and S. MrrgHeritcs, ii'^i the 
 Mouth, allihufeon the North-fide, thofe ou the 
 South-fide being inconfiderable. Tlie Worft d 
 this River is, that it has feveral great Falls which 
 hifotr Navigation \ that at Niag:tra , La Hontjit 
 fays is 7 or 8x) F'oot high, and half a lei , 
 broad, the Water running to it with fuel' " .>' 
 leiice , that all Kcafts attempting to crols it 
 quarter of a League abo e it, are fwallow'd v-;' 
 and it ruinblcs off tlic Precipice witli fucliFiuy. 
 tliat It maki.. an Artii, under wliich rliiee Men 
 may pafi a Urcaft, ,v,t!''Hit 3"., Danger '■ Ha- 
 mac , but a i'-'w Drop, : : V.'nter i./.liuijon the:ii. 
 
 The 
 
 rr 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
CAN AD A. 
 
 iji 
 
 D A 
 
 Uf 
 
 that of (if J 
 lom which 
 
 Sl'oKf, M^ 
 
 1 or ? ' 
 
 for fo fa 
 
 and many 
 
 found that 
 
 er Waters 
 
 lo' incoiifi- 
 
 it, as firft 
 
 \^De Mom, 
 
 }t, ther.re' 
 
 I, iK.i the 
 
 liofi: on the, 
 
 l VVorft ;•! 
 
 a 1 0. , 
 
 flic'i' 
 
 croK K 
 lallow'd u;> 
 1 (belli- uiy. 
 Ithif'; MiJf 
 
 l-cv ... n.i- 
 
 ^ un thcML 
 Ihe 
 
 lutton 
 
 :>' 
 
 ■^'ti^^ 
 
 ^•2ri«- 
 
 <rA.j/^^\ 
 
 Ter, de laborador 
 
 -c,r*re-w«ll — / 
 
 .^i^r »8rt«A<i» 
 
 
 (J/*" £jauima.ux 
 
 
 
 
 'i^ 'i 
 
 \.^:^ 
 
 .l<ma<cA<r J'.!" J 
 
 - /......■ ■if&ro^J Stinck 
 
 3 i /"'^-.^JaU 
 
 / .'■■■a'airch, 
 
 I / i. 
 
 ■^■■t, THE 
 
 fiArmuaa^ 
 
 jE ivf p j: 
 
 ■cr V,. 
 
 aJJOIJ iJ lsi,A.iins. 
 
 X' 
 
 It 
 
 I — ^ ^ ^ Mi — ^ -^K,^ 
 
 TrdftieJ^^ C^n<tr 
 
 
 TiieKNGi I SH Empire 
 
 in America, Ne\v"fountl-lan.cl . 
 Canada. Hticirons Bay:<?rc. ml^t 
 
 ^^trmj.n*\£aU Kctt 
 
 f «r ri„r mn(\ nccds vntV our Europtan Northern Qimate affords. Nothing 
 
 The 'lc>'iP"'''t""^'/)^"'te . th^sCountri is want4 but Hands to improve it, the Frtncli 
 
 i , lo mivnybe6rec5otl.at.ti.de, as h,s Country is & ^^^ ^^^^^ otherwife emoloy'd for 
 
 ! ... under butgeneraUy fc^^'-'^^ JXnS' thcm«ft P^« »"d *'^'= Natives void of Wuftry, 
 
 vvh.ch is inhabited bv the FrH/;bcm|agtnt ^ ' themfelves with what the Earth 
 
 B.mks of the ftrcat ^^ ']''='> ^.^'^^^^raift vields with tTie leaft Labour. There .s Variety 
 
 Winter, but tonfuki abl Y hot in ^— ^ as mou y of Ground, as Mou-ta.ns.Rocks^ar- 
 
 .t thofc'y/«r.ic.m Nations '^i,5,';^ f^^ ''\'^ X n e ,l^afture,Arablc Land,and Vaft Woods, theft 
 
 U up to the Northward. 1 ,^ ^c .s^na unUV ne _ ^^^^,^^ ^^^^^ F°»«'^W«- 
 
 g>Md and this mixture of »^,^' /'JJ^Ti';^' ^^^^ uns. Wild Cats, and of all forts of Wild Fowl- 
 
 %,x with the t/,reat Abundanc o Wat rs mr j ^J '^ , ^,;j j^^j,^ .^ouud in Grafs, and feed 
 
 where, innkes it fit to produce all Uuniis, wnicn ^^^^,^ 
 
 ■^m 
 
 i', "ITO;' 1 
 
 r '\ 
 
 iiSI 
 
'f 
 
 1^& 
 
 C J N A-'D A 
 
 mighty Flocks of Siieop ;ind Herds of Kine. TLe 
 improvM I.,iik1 \ic\(h plentiful Crops oi" L.JiiiN 
 Wheat, much TahiKo, and any ci mrr/>u Ilerbs 
 and Fruits. In tlic M.nnitaiiis there luc Coj.l Pits, 
 and fouu' fay Silver Mines', t!io' we tio hot hear 
 of any Advantage made of t!i?ii. Beavers and 
 Otters fwarin in the Mardies, and infinite Num- 
 bers of Fifli u\ all the Lakes and Rivers. 
 
 The Natives are a rude ignorant People, ha- 
 ving never known the Ufc of Letters before the 
 French came among them, and there are ftiU fcarcc 
 any that incline to learn them. Their Govern- 
 ment, fuitable to their Knowledi'.e, being all divi- 
 ded into finall Tribes, mider fcveral Heads •, fomc 
 more Human , and others more barbaroufly Cruel, 
 as having no Principles of Confcience or Polite- 
 iiefs, but artingin all Things as Nature or their 
 Education prompts them. As tor Religion, tliey . 
 have fome Notion of an Eternal, Almighty Being, 
 bat fo imperfeft, that it has no Effeft upon them. 
 All their VVorfliip confifts in Dancing, whicli 
 honour thev for the mofl Part pay to the Sun. 
 In other V fls they are altogether indiffe- 
 rent , and ; " "'' Spiritual Doftrine , well 
 
 enough for t!iofe wlio like it, and abfolutel y need- 
 kli,,it-' thole whudo not. Polygamy is iv'uer.iliv 
 
 x\ 
 
 .. kl?.*.^' - 
 
 aii<)v.-"d, ii-)i arc they by any means to K- bcarcn 
 out of It. Their F'.nieiMU .u e attended with mi,i'Iuy 
 Luiiientations, aiicl the Women mourn a whole 
 Year,with a lortof IfootK on their Heads. Towns 
 they have none, but hve in Huts, and t'u' 
 moftly till they gather in !l,dr Harvoft, ,ifr,-r 
 which thev dilperie theml(.lves,either to the W'm c 
 in which the^ are frequently enrangled,or to hlh' 
 ingor Hunting, which is their Diverdon, and fun- 
 port, affording them Food and Furs to trade with 
 x\\i liirrMcmf.' 
 
 It is Time we come to the Divifion of t!ie Coun- 
 try into its feveral l^rovinces, under wlnth asOc- 
 cafion offers, more may be laid as to ilidc' i\iiti- 
 culars. The Provinces are as follows, with their 
 Towns •, or where tliere are none , the fun- 
 dry Tribes inhabiting them, beginnmg at the 
 North-eall Point, lo running to the South-weil 
 along the upper- fide ol the great River, and re- 
 turning f riiin t!ie South, North-eall on the lower- 
 lide of the faid River. 
 
 ,.,. . ^1 r. '. t ete Qua; tier. 
 
 Hquimaux, thefe^^ .,n S. NTcholM'. ■ 
 
 Dwellmgr'''""^ 
 
 French. 
 
 
 < Port Neiif. 
 
 { 
 
 Uerfiamites. S Oitpupinachouh Tribe. 
 
 L Tribes. 
 
 fOnKU0H(ltd ")r] 
 
 Saguenay. S CMouchaqni J 
 
 {^Tadoi'.fjlic French Town. 
 *- ihioviitonata, '\ 
 
 * Illinois. 
 (Jjtiuiii'.ihac. 
 
 * Ali-vnis. 
 Atuejii.^mcqucs. 
 
 * A/.ukoiiieiis. 
 Aciiloriiac. 
 
 * Oiitoii.igjmis. 
 Err.ih.iHiimatc. 
 
 * HiiroHS. 
 CbiacMotiMt. 
 
 Canada,propcrly i' OnttMiut:.. 
 fo call'd , inclu- | Chuoiuireor. 
 ding all to thej F.nchcck. >Tribes 
 
 Weil and North | Aoffondi. 
 of the Rivers Nipi/Tinviam. 
 
 
 S. O'ojeph. 
 
 S. AJahil. 
 
 'S. .llexu: 
 
 N.D.Des Juges 
 
 S. Iraiiccii. 
 
 S. He) re, S. P^wl. 
 
 I fOHkottarttronons. 
 AriatocrtDiM). 
 Conacronotis. 
 Affillaoonons. 
 
 Loui lania. c c 
 
 J Omarroiioiis. 
 AttioiinuAarmu 
 
 /r.Towns,aiKl 
 Forts. 
 
 >Tribes. 
 
 hurt lies A'li:W HI. \t: , - 
 iFoneCreveccenr. V'""'' '^"''fs- 
 
 'GMnieQiiet, or 
 Ofnecioiits. 
 
 and Lakes. 
 
 I Eichiriovachaoi/. 
 
 TitrMton. 
 
 Uidonontateroii. 
 
 yilg0)iqiii)i3. 
 
 Eljoii.it.tiro/wit. 
 
 Aoveehiff.iton. 
 
 Skiartnons. 
 
 Aflitkoiiandaeronons, 
 
 Niid'Hiej]oiiero>ioni, 
 
 KtriJlitioHS, 
 
 IranitiadoHS. 
 \"juii!ms. 
 QQtiflfei. 
 
 ^Mmit Rnyal. 
 ^S.Simon,^, 'Jude.^ 
 
 \ 0>i>ioret.ipites. 
 Iroquois. ^ Oiongiteiis, 
 
 I lji)>itio>noitws. 
 I 5. Peter. 
 Riehlicit. 
 Li. Louis. 
 
 tFrench Forts. 
 
 Etcchcmins. 
 
 /f>wf/jTowiis 
 f and Forts 
 
 Accadi. 
 
 fPort Royal. 
 Port Roffigml. 
 La Heve. 
 
 < P"!h'y. 
 
 j Al.icomode. 
 I Alartengo. 
 XJoiu/uetU'r, 
 
 SoHticon. 
 
 u 
 
 ^Lmich Towns, 
 ■or Settlemeuts 
 
 } 
 
 Nation. 
 
 Enjuimauv 
 
C AN AV A, 
 
 II 
 
 Ffquiniaux 
 
 Is tliemnft Eaftcni Partof CwcJi/..', Ivitii^witli- 
 <iut tlie Great River oi S. L.uiraxc^ borociiiiR 
 Northwarc', onl lar a de Libraih;- \, on the E.ill 
 it lus till' Northern Ocean ■, on tlie So\x\.\\ the 
 liiilpli of S. Lair,c::ct; line in between this Pro- 
 vince, Ni.:\j(.nnci-I,.vid and yla.-tdiii •, imi on the 
 Well the River of S Alargant divides it fiom 
 the Rerfi.-iniitcs. The Froicb ;u feveral Times built 
 here the little To\viis or l-'orts of Vott Qji.irtia\, 
 fort S. NuljcLi!^ i:lr.i.hcqiicutc AwCi Port A'luf-, all 
 of them at preienl little regarded , the better 
 Trade up tlie River, haviuj; niiali obftrurted tlie 
 Inrreafe of thele Places. However thev ferve to 
 keep i^odelVion , and to proteiSt tlie Milliouers. 
 The Natives are extremely Brutal and Salvage, as 
 in inofl of thel'e Northern I'arts, for we lliall 
 generally obferve tlK't tile I'olitell Indians were 
 fartlier remov d Irom lioili the Pole-;. The Soil 
 might be brought to bear all that is Neceflary, 
 but wants improving, and thole People are (a- 
 tisfy d witli what they Iiav-, a^, beiiu^ Strangers 
 to better. 
 
 Tlic Ixrfiamites 
 
 Arc tlie next People to the WcRvvard, niclu- 
 <ling on the Nortli of them the Oitpjp'.'Liclimdt 
 Tribe, or Naiioii, and taking ihein botli together, 
 tlieir Borders on the North lie upon'/ if ;■/■,« de Lu 
 l»:idoi, on the Eall tlie River o( S. A/uii'.irct di- 
 vides tliern from the I:fi;!iii:hiiix, on tlie South they 
 have the River of Ciihid.i, and on the Kail the 
 River I.cqre/nui f.'parates tiiem from the 5.»;^/v«/.iy 
 Nation, of the Piovince of Ciin.ul.i, properly lb 
 call'd. Here are no /■/ cmh Towns, forts, or Sct- 
 tlemintf, the Country being like that lall meii- 
 tion'd in all Refpedh , yielding little Prolit, 
 cxcefiive cold and the Natives of the fame Dit- 
 pofition •, fo that we fliall not need to lay more 
 of them, 
 
 Saguenay, 
 
 The next Province to the Bc'fi,i»:iics, and of a 
 lar;;e Extent, is parted from it on the F.alt by the 
 little River L(qiia?r.u^ has 1 wri.i dc I...:biiulur (ni 
 the North, the River of its own Name on the 
 Well, dividing it Irom du idi propei 1\, lb call'd, 
 and the great Rivnr of 5. /.,//iK/f( on the South. 
 'r.idoirlj.it, 15 the only Ireiuh Town in tliis Pro- 
 vince ieated at the Mouth of the Kiver ii\' S.n'jrc- 
 >;.<)') tile Port linall uiuler a llill, wliiih is alinoll 
 ru'. oit fiom the Continent, witha Point on the 
 Well caird>'. ,'t/.'f//jr;rs,ruiiiiingalinoll al.eague 
 into the Sea ■■, the otiier South-eall, call'd cj .ul 
 tl*( Divd>. 
 
 Tiiele Peopleare Sli!))ii'1 to a King of their own, 
 w^ho is III llriit Alliance wirh the L-u.uli, and has 
 feveral petty PrilKe^ under hiin. Tii'.ir Diverlioii 
 coiililts molt in Daiiiii'g, wiili aluindaiue of An- 
 tick Aihoiis. The\ areol an Olive (Colour, but 
 that is (jctafion'd b\ their I'unitnu',, lor naturallv 
 they arc wliue. All iheir Clothes aie inaue ot 
 Skins and 1 uis civiiing their whole Ijodies in 
 Winter, luuonls Pai i m 'luinmer. Their Reli- 
 gion is much what waslimted at beku\, tor they 
 believe in oue'jotl, one Mother, one Son, and the 
 Sun 111 die lirmameiit, but dod aliovc all', yet 
 they trouble theinlelvcs little with Ads of Devo- 
 
 tion. The way of Marriage is f jr the Woman t;o 
 make Tryal of as many Men as llie plcafes, and 
 for what Time I'he will, and then to chufe him 
 Ihe likes bell. 
 
 Canada. 
 
 This is the principal Pr.ivince of A'lfn' Fr-.ncc on 
 all Accounts, tarthell fubdu'd and the Extent of 
 it yet not known. On the North it lies aloni' 
 T.or.i de Lab,:uUr,lJi!df;!'<. Bay and New IV.dcsi, 
 <':i tlie EaiV the River oi S.i.\::c.:.:y parts it from' 
 the Country of the fame Name :, on the South the 
 great River oi S. Ljurauc, the I akes.^nd the Ri- 
 vers Miamis and Illinois, feparate it from the Etc- 
 chc/iiins, the Iioijiwismd Louifi.w.i -^ but how far 
 it runs to the Weil, mull be left to Tunc to 
 dilcover. 
 
 It is nccdlefs to fpeak in particular of all the 
 Tribes meiition'd in the Table, they being but (o 
 many Imall Parts of the Whole Body and difler- 
 nig little from one another, tho'they Iiavc feveral 
 Names, and make dillinft Dillrias. laH^nt.m 
 one of the latell Writers of that Country, and 
 who wasconverlaiit among theNatives,iiiforms us, 
 I hat they have no Beards, nor Hair on any Part 
 ot their Body, but only on their Heads, which is 
 generally Blai k. As to their Pcrfons they are 
 prcper, well Ihip'd, with large black Eyes and of 
 an Olive Colour,wliich proceeds from their daub- 
 ing their Skins, that would otherwife be white. 
 All_ Things among them are in common, they de- 
 fpife Sciences, and allow of no dilferenc Degrees 
 among them. Their Food is Pilh or Fleiii boiUI 
 or roalled, without Salt or Spice, both which they 
 loath. Few Dileafes rdgn aaion,', them, the chief- 
 ell whi.reof are Pleunfks, and thele they have no 
 Cure for. The Small Pox are common in the 
 North, and as little regarded , the V'.-nereal Dif- 
 eafe is fiequent in the Southern Parfti, and that 
 tlk'v cure withSiinp'is and a regular Diet. Bran- 
 dy is their grearell Enemy , tor it d^ltroys their 
 Conlluutitiii , ,'.nd throws them into ConUimp- 
 lions. Ihey defpile ail r;:i-ope.iK' Reirudies, ab- 
 lior Bleeding, and admn-e that Men Ihould ever 
 allow of \oiniringi hut clkir principal Cures 
 conlill ill Swe.uing, Sleeping when they can, and 
 drinking of Wiiter. All \^■olmds and other Hurts 
 they perfeJ:Uy Cure wi'.h Simples. 
 
 The moll remarkable living Creatures here, not 
 to (peak of ludi M aie co.nuion with us , are the 
 Bi'avers, Ibme ol them above two foot long in the 
 Body and three loot round , befidcs the length ^jf 
 the Head, winch is 7 liielie^ and the Tail 14. Theli; 
 Creatures cut down great Trees with their Teeth, 
 and carrying Earth on tlieir Fails, make Banks 4, 
 or 5C0 Paces long, ;o loot high, and 7 or 8 tiiiek, 
 with wliali they intrench theml'elves agamtl the 
 Water, and lecure their llabitaiions. Theletlie 
 People catili in Nets, or elfe llioot them tor their 
 1 iirs and theC.illoi, which are the beit Commo- 
 dities of this Country. The /I/Zo'-j/^u,.; is a Ibrt 
 of T\i',er, that never hurts Man, but alhlls the- 
 Natives 111 Hunting of Bears, and therefore they 
 are iieeer luller'd to be kiU'd. Bears are of three 
 torts, White, Black and Red. F-lyiiig Squirrels, 
 lb call'd from their skipping from one Free to 
 another, are not much bigger than i ur>. I lere arc 
 alio black, White and kal l'artr'.dge>, and I'ai 
 rots along the Af^J/ijipi Kiver i in winch there 
 are abundance ol Crocoilils, large Carps, iiid (•- 
 iher treat \ anety of lilli, and \\i ;hat of Cj./.w'.i 
 
 whitv: 
 
 
 i^ Hi 
 
^?4- 
 
 C A IS! AT) I 
 
 
 wliitc I'orpoills. ill bift as Oi^cn; As to the Pro- 
 dnft of tin: I -I'tl, It isnecdl'.-rs to add any more 
 lli.ui 'vh.ir !i;is been f.i Id in tbe General Aronnt. 
 
 Thii v'.loiu is ii.,\v r^ckoii'd toC'int.-iii iSocoo 
 /•>•(//(/) ofall lorts, the coniinon iort livini; ni i;o«d 
 WD.Klcn lloiifcs, Well f.i'-nilV'd and 2 Stories hii;li, 
 free iV'un al! Vaxcf, and with full Liberty tohunt 
 and t-H) , Jo that tliov want for notbiiit; to make 
 them eafv. Tlie ^!.riateft hardlliip is tlie Winter 
 C'old,VvIiicIi isexccli'we from Dcceinbcv till Api-il^ 
 infoiniKli that the ureat River frei./ej over,aiid the 
 SiiOA' lies two or three foot deep on thcGro;nid, 
 and whit IS llraiip.eiV, this is ni 47 De^jrees Lati- 
 tude. 
 
 Qjitbec featcd on tlie jreat River S. Lmi- 
 rciicc\ in 47 and half Latitude, is the Capital 
 Citv, divicicd into the Upper and the Lower i 
 botli of th.in coiniirn-ided by a CalHe Ihindmti 
 0-1 a hi„l'er Ground. In the Upper City there 
 are fif i. hiuches and to the Catliedral there 's 
 
 a llillKip and ii Prebendaries, who live 111 Coin- 
 iniin'.tv ill the O.iipter-iioiife, which is a mag- 
 nifkcn: aiul wonderful piece of Architerture, 
 :i:',d the Pri.-lh live virtiioiiilv, allowiiif; them- 
 fclve^ bire Neeedaries and medling with iiothin;; 
 but their Cliiirch.MTairs The }>)■/.■>.■ Cliurch is 
 flateiy, but their Collei'.e fmall. T!iis City has 
 ii.i Key, nor hortihcation^,, but is t!ie Refidence 
 of ilie Oovernour of the Country , who has 
 ;occo Crowns a Year, befides Prefents and o- 
 tl'i.'r I'loiUs ainountiin; to as rnui:Ii rnore. The 
 B Ihop's Income is fo fmdl, tliat he C'luld Icarce 
 fulMill, did not tl'.e Kin)^ allow luin foiiie otiier 
 IJeneike in Fiance. 
 
 A '.tt!.' ^bovef;^/'^'?!-, on the Bank of the (ame 
 River is S.l/cyy, another I'ri!:cb Town, and a- 
 bo'at 60 Leagues above t\K Afo/it.e.il^ or Afmrn- 
 Roy.il^ aiiot!ier confiderable Town, but all this 
 ^vay on bath ntiv-'s of t'.ie River tlie ilabitations 
 are lb thick chat they lo.ik like one i.ontinued \il- 
 Uige. 
 
 hVoi'tf'ic^ as the ('•<■'.■£ '/call it, tn Cit.r,-okoi)y^ 
 at..i*'di:i-T f''' the l^atives, is a fort about 100 
 
 l.'.a.nn'' up 
 
 River of j>. [iiitrauc from <Jiit:- 
 
 hc-, at r!'e M-v.itii of the 1 akeOw.'. ;)•;», or i'ret' 
 ty I ake, biult to cnb the barbarous /■ ./.'/■;o<,(, in- 
 to t'le II.Mi'C ot Vhofc Country the Irciiib can 
 th.::i.' II; d,e F.vcurlions ill 24 LIvHirs. The Win - 
 tei' ,il";Lic (ills I'lice is much Iborter than at 
 (J^fbcr, and tlie Ground bei^inning to be till'd 
 \; -id; ail iui ts of i-'i-.-'upc ni awA Indi in Cjrain 
 and Pltius, as HcDirp'i'., who liv'd there fune 
 ti no ni;oriii> us, an<i whom we Ihall follow in 
 t!ij renaming; Deicrip;ion of thefe Parts. 
 
 Tl:e Lake o-!:mi> lall meiition'd, wh^ch the 
 Fc.:':h call Lake F,/>itin.ir, in Honour (jf the 
 (".t).!:-: : i" 'hat Name, who was Governour there, 
 .-,;,d bu-.lt the fort, i-. Kq Leagues loiio, and z^ 
 broid, full of Filli, and Navigable all over, the 
 great River of ,s', .'^.;//)f«tf Hows from it. from 
 tl'.is Lake is a Pafia^-at the fall of i\'::ii!,i>\t be- 
 f ire dei'crib d, into ihxt of knc\ or of the Cut 
 lying ^ojth VS'ei't froin it, anci is about 140 
 lea:.;iies in Length. Hetwixt this .md Lake 
 /J't:. .! to the Nort!iward i? a btreight ^0 Leagues 
 lo;if;, and the i'.v.ii Lake is reckon d to be a- 
 hoit 700 Leagues 111 Coinp.iis, loo in Length, 
 and o' an iiurertam (jreadtl!. Hence tliere are 
 two oviier Onilets, the one Weihvard in the 
 lake if the/,/.''.'.'..', ligmtying the Like of Men, 
 !iO Leagues in Len.;ili,_ and 40 in iJi-eadth, Na- 
 vigable ail over, and Ibnning a ^'.I'^at bay to 
 
 tlie Weftward, call'd des Vii.tns, or of tlie link- 
 ing People, becaufe thole who live about it 
 came thither \'o\x\ th.ir firmer Habitations to- 
 wards the 'ie:i, on account of the ftinkiiiii Wa- 
 ters they i'ail tiiere. Tlie other Outlet" fro'n 
 Lake Hwat m. to the Northward into the up- 
 per Lake, which rinis Fait and Well: above i^o 
 Lca;iues, being about 60 fro.n North to South 
 and upon Sounding, no Bottom was found to it! 
 All thole lakes running into one another, auc'i 
 disburdening themfelves into the great River of 
 CnuuLi, may be reckon'd as Parts of it, and 
 make tlie Naviiiation of it ofa prodigious length 
 as was obferv'cl fpeaking of that River. * 
 
 Having fpokeii of all the Lakes, we mufl re- 
 tiirp to the South Weft end of that of the //- 
 linni!, wliere Monfieur dc It Salle in the Year 
 1679, built a Fort, call'd Miimis, becaufe it is at 
 the Moutli of that River which runs from this 
 lake South Weft, at Ibme ilnall diftance from 
 wliich is that of lUinsii, iiolding much thelimc 
 Courle till it falls into the mighty Mffifip- 
 (ir A-/eJ(Jj.iJipc, fignif\ing t!ie6>cif Rivet: The 
 other two with the Lakes divide Cmiri.t from 
 Loiiijlw.i. Along this River lives the great 
 Tribe or Nation of tlie IlLnois^ which in their 
 Tongue fignifves Perfeft Men :, they live in great 
 open N'illages, are tall and Ih'ong, but lazy, 
 tiuiorous,aiid have little regard for their Chiefs; 
 befides they are brutilli, wild, and ftupid, ancl 
 therefore little hope appears of their Convcrfi- 
 011. On this R.iver A/c?:fu-ii> de l.t S.ille built 
 anotlier Fort, by him call'd Crei'ecxiir^ and by 
 the Natives Cliaagnn. Som.-what to the Eaft- 
 ward are the Aliamii People on the River of the 
 fame Name, and about 41 Degrees of Latitude •, 
 iXk At.iskniiHii'^ and Oiiiiou igiwis live higher in 
 4^ Degrees Latitude. Still to the Northward of 
 tliefe are the Ah.ulnos, the Oj..v,^ //, the Cbonj- 
 ^.j.-i'.;/'v, and the Affcii' .b-^ thefe laft in above 
 55 Degreesof North Lititude, all which Parts 
 hitherto little known but by the Relation of 
 the Natives, only the h-.mcifc.ins have a Million 
 in about 50 Degrees Latitude, and the French 
 a fmall Fort on a Lake above that, call'd the 
 Upper Lake. The H,.roiii AZi among the Lakes, 
 and upon their Banks, are their Neiglibours 
 and Allies tlie O.vfowjr;, both united againft the 
 Irnqiiais, They both live upon ludl.m Wheat 
 they low., and l-illi they take in the Lakes. The 
 j-ll^n>i(j!tms\K between tlie throns mi Atontre.ily 
 little differing from thofe already mcntion'd. 
 Lhefe are t!ie inoft noted Nations we find in 
 Cuj.iJi, it being necdlefs to trouble the Rea- 
 der with tlie repetition of many more barbarous 
 Names to be leen in the Table, there being no- 
 thing to lay of them in particular, and therefore 
 Vi'e will proceed to 
 
 Louifiana. 
 
 The only Accounts of this Country are fuch as 
 we liavc from F. FJcmnppi, and Mounlieur dc Li 
 S.ilic'i Difcoveries on the River Al.f/fipi^ or A/cf 
 ih.i/ipe, whom we muft be beholding to for wh.ct 
 we can lay. This mighty River is in the North, 
 between 50 and 55 Degrees ot Latitude, but the 
 Springs of it are not certainly known. It runs 
 to the Southward tnl it is lolt in the Sea in a- 
 bout 3^ Degrees, wliere u falls into rheGulph 
 of Fluiid.i. Many great and linall Rivers iWell 
 it with the addition of their Waters, the clnef 
 
 whereol 
 
CAN A1:>A, 
 
 i;f 
 
 whereof are S. FrOKcis, and 5. Antony, Tomhe-vt, 
 the River of Oxen, the Black River, Ow/yrpw/i';^, 
 Otent-i, ltunois^am.troa^Hohio/)uma, HieiiSy and 
 Hallatiicre. The e^rcJtt River fotnetimes overflows , 
 but not confiderablv? being ftopp'd by Hills, 
 beyond which the Country is tnol^ delicious, 
 moft IMains, whofe Bounds are not yet known, 
 with fomc few Hills cover'd with Trees. All the 
 Country abounds in Game, as Turkeys, Par- 
 trids^es , Quails, Parrots , Wood-cocks, Tur- 
 tle-Doves, VVood-Pidgeons •, and for Besfts, wild 
 Bulls, wild Goats, Stags, Bevers, Otters, Mar- 
 tins, and wildcats*, but for dangerous, devour- 
 ing Bealls, there are none. All the Trees iwropr 
 affords are there in great plenty, befides very 
 many unknown to us, but particularly, there 
 are (lately Cedars, and a Tree, from which 
 drops a Gum exceeding our noblcft Perfumes ; 
 befides Cotton-Trees here growing to a prodigi- 
 ous heighth. The Meadows are full of Grafs, 
 and fit for any Seed, Beans growing up and 
 down naturally. The Ground yields three or 
 four Crops of ludi.-in Wheat in a Year, for there 
 is no Winter, but a rainy Scafon, and there 
 are Cole-Pits, Lead and Copper Mines, and 
 Quarries of Free-rtone, and of a black and white 
 Aiarble. The Natives are atfable, civil and ob- 
 liging , without any Religion more than Ibme 
 Veneration they pay to the Sun, whom they 
 call Leuisy offering him the firrt Smoke sf their 
 Pipes, and lome of the bcft part of the Bealls 
 they kill, which they leave with their Chief, 
 and he makes his Advantage of it. Throughout 
 all the Northern Parts of America there is won- 
 derful variety of Language, infomuchthat thofe 
 who live lO or li Leagues afunder cannot un- 
 derlhnd one another without an Interpreter. 
 The People of Louiji.ttia differ from thofe of C/- 
 n.tdii in all rerptfts,being Icfs morofe and thought- 
 ful, more lively and aftive, and the very (liape of 
 their Heads much riatter. Their Chiefs are 
 much more abfolute, and their Government much 
 Politer. They know norliing of Fire-Arms, or 
 have any I*iflruments ot Steel or Iron, all their 
 Cutting Tools being made of lliarp Hints. Their 
 principal Ornaments are Bracelets, and Pendants 
 of Pearls, which tiiey ipoil lor want of know- 
 rig hov» to bore tliem. To give an Account of 
 the Extent of this Country is impollible, tlio' 
 It 15 true Jjcfimp;!.', from whom we have ta- 
 ken this Account, fays it i> bigaer than all 
 hHrape, hut he law no more than what was ad- 
 jacent to the River, and therefore fpeaks of 
 all the reil hyguefs', and if we coiifider what 
 was before tlitiover'cl aiiU known, we llull per- 
 ceive he magniti,.s his own Dilcovery, which ap- 
 peals thus. The Kiver of the JILhok, where he 
 bC(/.in, is between 35 and 36 Degrees of North 
 Latitude, and trnm thence atcoiding to lusown 
 Account, but I20j or I'O LcaJues totheCjulph 
 0. lA.vut', and from jie River of the Jlli/iuis 
 upward tj the /t.iti m .y be ab.jut 180, lo that 
 the w!io!e Length may make 300 Leagues, hut 
 then the hrcailth ot his Progreis, as h.is been 
 laid, is but along tlie tviver. In the Northern 
 Part Eallwaid Cin.iaa was before difcover'd, 
 and the bouthern Part of it cannot reach far- 
 tiier than *•' ^,/u:t and C.i,-ol,/i.i-^ then on the 
 South lide /-<■ (i.j has long heen known, towluch 
 lome liMCenf ill le aiUnv'J mi the Land, and 
 latUy , on the Well New /l/fftv, Unroira 
 aiidC.lin.i havv been man > Veais lubjcift To the 
 
 Spaniards, who all place Quivir.t and the y4pt- 
 dies raqiieros in 40 Degrees 1 atitude, defcribing 
 the very wild Bulls, as Hennepin does, and it is 
 certainly the fame Country, as may appear by 
 comparing the Pofition and Defcription, but 
 that he enhances upon his [">ifcovery , fo that it 
 wants to be made more plain by fuch as Ihall 
 follow him, and Moip.air de la Salle, which lail 
 might perhaps have given us firther Satisfaftioil 
 bad not he Dcen unfortunately kiU'd by the In- 
 dians. 
 
 Iroquois. 
 
 This Nation, as was faid at firft, lies alona 
 the Southern Bank of the River of Canada, whicn 
 is its proper Northern Bordering, on the Eaft 
 it touches the ttechemins, has the Englifij Plan- 
 tations on the South, and towards the South Eaft 
 Loiii/iana, It is true, f. Hennepin,^ whom we 
 Hill follow, fays there are three or four Iroquois 
 Villages on the other fide the great River of 
 5. Laitrenie or Canada^ about Fort F»-o«f;>».if, but 
 thefe are only Colonies of the others, and more 
 civiliz'd than they, as living under the French. 
 
 Thele People are divided into five Can- 
 tons, or Tribes. The firft to the North Eaft is 
 that of the G.inicgitez. , or Aguiet, neighbouring 
 upon New fork, who have three Villages, and 
 make up 400 Fighting Men. The fecond to the 
 Wellward the UnrecioMs, being not above 150 
 Fighting Men. The third ftill the fame way of 
 the Unngnta^itez., or Mountaineers, becaufe they 
 live on the higheft Ground, 300 Fighting Men 
 the braveft of the Nation. The fourth the Oion- 
 fiMcns, who make three Villages, and in them 300 
 Fighting Men. The fifth and laft, theTj'onnon- 
 toiians, towards the tarther end of the Lake On- 
 tario, or Frvminai, containing in three Villages 
 300 Fighting Men. It is needlefs to fay any 
 thing of their Country, which is the fame as all 
 that Part of C.in.uta already dcfcnb'd \ but for 
 the People, they are the moft Barbarous, Info- 
 lent, and Inhuman of any in North America, and 
 would never be at Peace, or entertain any Com- 
 merce with the Eirropc.ins, but for the advan- 
 tage of fuch Commodities as they want , and 
 particularly for I ire Arms and Ammunition, 
 which it is pity tliey were ever furnilh'd with, 
 fince they have only lerv'd todeftroy many C/;>/- 
 /lians, and thoulands of yimtricvu, whom they 
 bloodily Butcher, and Iiave made no difficulty to 
 make Excurfions lijme Hundreds of Leagues, on- 
 ly to fatisfie their own cruel Difpofitioii, which 
 is fuch, that they are more like ravenous Bealls 
 than Men. They put all the Prilbners they take 
 in War to tlie moll exquifite Torments, leave 
 them extended whole Nights on the Ground in 
 the coldeil Weather ; burn them by Piece-meal 
 with liot irons, tear otf their Nails and Hair, 
 cut out their Tongues, throw hot Alhes upon 
 their Wounds. In all which Barbarities the Wo- 
 men are as aftive as the Men, and they give their 
 Children the Blood of thofe Wretches to drink, 
 which done, they devour the Flefii themfelves. 
 Vet nothing is done among thefe Monllers with- 
 out mature deliberation. Councils being always 
 held to confult about all publick Affairs. If tie/ 
 would put any of their own to Death for (bme 
 enormous Crime, they have a Man to do the 
 Execution, and firll make him drunk with Bran- 
 dy, that the Kindred of the Party put to Death 
 may not leek Revenge i for they alledge that 
 
 \"\'K 
 
 m, 
 
 i:'iii 
 
1^6 
 
 C AN ADA. 
 
 t!ie Executioner being Mad and Drunk wlicn fie 
 
 did it o^lit to bo excii^'d, and that appeafcs 
 tliein. Tliev aUvavs ktcp Spies abroad to y.ivL" 
 tlieui Intilli^oiue , and arc tlicmlelvis a luble 
 crafty l-*coplc, and lliarp enont^Ii ni the way uf 
 Tjade. 
 
 The Etechemins 
 
 Ate the next North Eaft of the Jrorjiiois, di- 
 vided from them by a fmall Riv^T, h.is the Ri- 
 ver Ci^.jfli on the North, (i.ifpcji i and Arcndui 
 with the fiulphof that Sea that forms it on tlie 
 Eaft, and the Ocean and New E'iy,larid on tlie 
 Soutii. The Country takes its Name from a Ri- 
 ver focall'd, rnnnins^crofi the middle of it, and 
 falling into the Bay of Accidia. Here are vafl 
 quantities iif H^rrui^s in A'tuy and 'lioic. The 
 Cruntry is all io cover'd with Trees and 
 Buliics, that it looks like one continued Forilt, 
 which renders tt mUit for Tillat;e till that Ob- 
 fl.iclc he remov'd, yet the Soil I'eems Good. The 
 Woods and y«'aterij breed llich infinite Mul 
 titudes of Gnats that they are not to be en 
 ilur'il. The Natives differ nothui^ from the . s'«//- 
 /)f/.'o/x weliiall Ipeakof below, in M.r.niers, Cu- 
 Aoms, and Shape ol Body-, but their I.an^uag,e 
 is quite dilftreiit. 
 
 Arcadia, 
 
 Once call'd New Sio'l.tud, but fnrrender'd up 
 to the t'ionh, liad by them the preleiit Name, 
 being a Feninl'ula, encompafs'd on all lides by 
 the Sea, except on the North, where a fmall 
 Ifihuius joins it to the Contintnt in tliat Part 
 which Icme wrongfully call •■iii^id.i, but is in re- 
 ality that part of the Etcchcmns Country to 
 which others have ^iven the Name of O'ltlprfii, 
 from the Port of 6,(/w, mueli relorceci to by 
 the F ceil. On this i'en:nfiiLi i!ie Eaidi have 
 ieveral Settlements, the chief of them Port Royal 
 on the Well fide of it, where the Sea makes a 
 great Bay, the Port good, but tlie Town incon- 
 fideraMe, yet fn'tified of late. The otlitr Fretnb 
 Dwellings are of Ids Note, AsWivt R-Jfiui.il^ and 
 LiHcvc, and J'-Jpiyon the South fide, I'oiube- 
 qiiet on the Welt, and AJ.i>it>iu,i) on the Eallern 
 Point. ThePeopls here inhabiting the Inland, 
 and abutit Prt Roy.d are call'd i'o«//^«o;i, hand- 
 .Ibme and of a middle Stature, inoil black Hair, 
 anti of a dark Complexion, occalion'd by their 
 daubing jonly tlie principal Men wearing Beaids, 
 tlie ret! pulling liieai up by the Roots \ in other 
 lefpev'ts tliey are like the rdt of the Salvages. In 
 SumTier tliey live on i-ilh, and in Winter on what 
 tliey kill in Hunting, and knew nothing t)f 
 Hread till they learn'd of the Fftucli. Ihey 
 are lubmillive to their Caci(|Ues, but know lit- 
 tle of vn:d, or Ren-^ioii, yet believe in Sorcerers, 
 and refptct t;iein,tliel'e being alio their I'hylicians 
 U';;l Surt!,c(j!n, lor which they ul'c many Charms. 
 Their Langu.ge diners from all other Parts of 
 i..iii.i.li. 111 iliis rrovnicc, and that of the £/«■- 
 t(>;«/i.'.t we have chietly t.iliow'd Lmi. 
 
 Having run tlirough tlie Deicnption of tlicfe 
 Provinces, it remains that loinetinng be added_ 
 Hilloriial, vviiich can only coiilill in (peaking of 
 ilie Uiicoverers aii'l tlk-ir Actions, all Amciint 
 txti.pt Akx.1.0 and iirn^ .uri'tding nothing of 
 tins !ort, before IouikI out by \.\\i t.iro'jcMu. The 
 lirll Uiiioverer for the Fre.icli was ju.m y'ma- 
 
 Tjitio a Floremine, in the Year 1524, wlio runa- 
 long all the Coail from 28 to 50 Degrees of 
 North 1 atitnde, whence the Fenclj have fome- 
 times given the Name of New France to all tliat 
 Traft of Land , vet he did no more t!ian view 
 along the Sea. Nor did tliis Difcovery produce 
 any thing fome Years, for it does not appear 
 that there was any Prolecution of it till 1554, 
 when Jaques Cartier was upon Ni:vfotmdlai:dy 
 and tlie next Year proceeded to S. Laurtnce'% 
 Bay, and xoGwadit, making farther Obfervati- 
 ons on that Coafl, and Trading with the Na- 
 tives, and in 1522 he built a Fort, and Win- 
 ter'd there, but this came to nothing as well 
 as the reft. In i %4.z Ma/ijieur Ribaidt went up- 
 on tlie Coaft of Florid.! , <.>( whom, and tiiofe 
 who follow'd him thither we lliall (peak when 
 we come to that Province. The Nortlirrn Ex- 
 peditions ftill ceas'd till tlie Year 1603, wlien 
 Simucl Clia.npLiin Sail'd to thofe Parts, and in 
 his Way met Mountains of Ice, yet went up 
 tlie River of Cunadi, as far as Tadon([.ic,hd^w 
 defcrib'd, wliere he was entertaui'd in moil 
 friendly Manner by tlie great 5.),^ /««, or Prince 
 of that Part ol the (Country. He went 10 or 
 12 Leagues up the River of Siii^Hcn.iy ^ but <j,i 
 that of C.iihid.t they proceeded as far as ihitb^c, 
 where it narrows to ^00 Paces, and tlieiue pro- 
 ceeded to tlie great Cataraft or fall, whidi they 
 went by Land to View, and tho' Li Huhiiu, md 
 Hemicphi botli reprefent it to be one, and entire 
 of feveral hundrecl Foot, yet Chamnla.n, who lays 
 he faw it as well as they, affirms it is ftep by 
 ftep, that is, rowlingfrom one Rock to another, 
 aiicl divided into Branches. Having view'd fo 
 much of the River and Country, he left a Colo- 
 ny at Quebec, and in all made fix Voyages thi- 
 tiler from Fr.wcc, cimtracling ftrift Amity with 
 the Natives, and giving the hotiitois two gre.it 
 DefeatSj with great Slaughter of them. AJl' t.'i.u 
 follow'cl after Iiim have left little light oi' \\\uz 
 they did, being wholly einploy'd in Trade, a::J 
 fettling the PolfelUon before taken, Io that th. , 
 fortified themfelves and ereded other Forts in 
 feveral Parts, as has been inention'd. The ne":; 
 Difcoverer hire was /'. /-/-w/c/i//;, in the Ye.:r 
 1679, who running up the River of C.inudu int) 
 the Lakes, made liis way through them to tlie 
 River AtiffiJ'p'-y or Mcjlhiijipt, and liiiling down 
 tliat to the Southward, penetrated as tar as the 
 Bav of /1/fA-/ro,taking a View of all that Country 
 cali'd LoitifuM.i, before delcrib'd. Atenfiatr de l.t 
 S.ilte he tells us did thelinne two Years after imii, 
 and then thinking to find the fame way by the 
 Mouth of the River upwards, faii'd from /-irf.if 
 to that purpofe in the Year 16^4, and after 
 much wanuring in vain was at Jail kill'd by his 
 own Men, (ome of wliom got fafe intot.',i«.j.i.;, 
 and thence to F,,wte. Baron /..; Floni.iu ums 
 the next Adventurer, who made his Difcovery to 
 the Weftward o( th\: Miff/fipi, up that he callt, 
 the Long Riv;r , viliting tlie Nations of the 
 Ftj-i't-ipe: and jthtfiiuiei ^ who told him llr.ui^;- 
 Staries of thofe beyond them, very little tol>e 
 regarded till we have loaie better Inforiii.itioii, 
 and therefore with tins we mull conclude tiie 
 Dilirovcries in AV:p F,.i>hc, which has ever finee 
 continued aniiex'd to the Crovvnof i-V^vt^. On- 
 ly in the Year 1629, {Jjidcc being deftitute ol 
 Provilions and Aminunnioii, as having retev'd 
 no Supplies fromiv.<«ct 111 two Years, was taken 
 by the ti/^lijh , AUiif.eitr t»atrq<l.ii>t the Oover- 
 
 T\UX 
 
 Of 
 
"BRITISH T>OMINIONS. 
 
 i?7 
 
 nour bafely fnrrenclring to make his private Ad- 
 v.intagc , contrarv to the Opinion of others, 
 who were for defending themftlves. How- 
 iviT, the French fofjti after recover'd their Pof- 
 IclUoii. Ill 1689, Sir William I'hips, Governour 
 of Nev} Eii^Lind^ having got together a Fleet of 
 34 Ships, luil'd up the Kiver o\ Can.id.i as far as_ 
 (Jnthev withadcfigii to make hiinfelf Mafter of 
 that Place ■, in order to it he LaWdcd 3000 Men 
 a League and u hall' below tlie City, with fome 
 lield-Pieccs, and advanc'd towards the Place, but 
 they were receiv'd io warmly in a Copice by j or 
 400 French and ludians^tXux. they fled back to their 
 Ships, leaving 3C0 dead upon the Spot. They 
 repeated their Attempt upon the Cupice ano- 
 ther Day, and fought better than the tirft, yet 
 
 with as little Suceefs. lofing as many, and re- 
 tiring totlie River', Dy which the Frencn wertf 
 fo encourag'd, that they purfued them to their 
 Camp, and lay all Might flat on the Ground 
 to be ready to attack it in the Morning, wherein 
 they were prevented, for there being very few 
 regular Tioops in that great Number, theyem- 
 bark'd at Midnight with lutli Confufuju that 50 
 more were kill'd getting into their Boats. In 
 tlie Morning ilMhench carry'd the Tents and 
 Cannon they had left behind them into the Ci- 
 ty, and the Indians had the ftripping of the 
 Dead. Sir WittUm Phips having thrown away 
 Ic) many Men to no purpofe through his ill Con- 
 dudl, Sail'd again out of the River, and return'd 
 to New-Lngland. 
 
 CHAP. IV. 
 Of the BRITISH DOMINIONS upon the Continent. 
 
 [ See the Map in Page 229. ] 
 
 THeir 1 eiigth from North to South is con- 
 fiderable, but the Breadth from Eaft to 
 Well not anlwerable. Thefirllofthefe 
 Ways, they reach from 32 to 45 Degrees of 
 North Latitude, including C(ro/«»^j, and may be 
 about 350 Leagues of Coail ■, yet up the Land 
 they reach not far vthe fartheft is nr^inla , which 
 extends wider than any other, being within an 
 hundred Miles of the Ocean, and that only 
 where there are confiderable Rivers. In this 
 long T raft and variety of latitude we may well 
 imagine there is no lefs diverfity as to Tempe- 
 wture of Air, difference in Soil, and multipli- 
 
 Counties. 
 
 'Alain. 
 
 Cormval, 
 
 EBex. 
 • Middlefcx. 
 
 Suffdk. 
 
 Hampjhire. 
 New-England. < PUmouth. 
 
 Barnjtable, 
 
 Briftol. 
 
 New- London. 
 
 Hartford. 
 
 New- Haven. 
 [^Fairfield. 
 ^Albany. 
 
 Vlfter. 
 
 Dm chefs. 
 
 Orange, 
 
 Kings. 
 
 Suffolk. 
 
 IChefler. 
 Richmond, 
 Ntw-Tork. 
 [^OueensCoimty 
 rlUrgen. 
 )Elfe.x: 
 SAliddlefex. 
 t AionmuHth, 
 ' Burlington, 
 fClocefier. 
 iSalcM. 
 L Cape Ally. 
 
 New- York. < 
 
 EA\ Ncw-Jerfcy. 
 
 WeftNewJcrfey. 
 
 city of Indian Nations, as alfo many Rivers of 
 Note, and other Particulars worth obferving, 
 which however (liall not be touch'd in this 
 Place for fear of Repetitions ■, but being to fpeak 
 particularly of each Province, we Ihall in every 
 one give as ample a Defcription of all thofe 
 things which delerve itj as may form a true 
 Idea ol thofe Parts, and this Volume will per- 
 mit. To come to the Divifion, beginning on the 
 North, as we have hitherto done, and defending 
 Southward, the feveral Provinces with the Coun- 
 ties in them, lie thus. 
 
 Counties. 
 > Buckingham. 
 .Philadelphia. 
 Penfylvania. jNewcaftle. 
 I Kmt. 
 'Siifjex. 
 . CiKfter. 
 'Baltimore. 
 
 Arundel. 
 
 Calvert, 
 
 Prince George, 
 
 Charles. 
 Maryland, s S. Mary's. 
 
 Somerfet. 
 
 Dorchejler. 
 
 Talbot. 
 
 Kent. 
 ICecil. 
 CRichmondi 
 
 IStajford. 
 Efjex. 
 . AliddlefeXi 
 j Clocefier. 
 
 I King and Queen's County, 
 Virginia. < ^'"& WilliamV County, 
 New Kent. 
 Elizjxbeth. 
 Warwick. 
 Tork. 
 Jtwies. 
 
 Prince George. 
 X^harles City. 
 
 1, 1 1 fimitt 
 
 '»ii 
 
 !,i'i :l 
 
i)S 
 
 BRITISH DOMINIONS. 
 
 Countie?, 
 'f Henrico County. 
 Snrrev. 
 I. of IVieM. 
 Nanfemitrid. 
 ... . . Princefs Annf. 
 
 Virginia. ^ Norfolk. 
 
 Wtflmorlimd. 
 IjVic.iller. 
 Nnrthiimberliwd. 
 ylccomnck. 
 .Northampton. 
 
 New-England. 
 
 This mod Northern of the Fir^Hpi Plantations 
 Iiesbctween4iand45 Decrees ot'North Lititude, 
 bounded on the I'.al\ by the Ocean ■■, on the North 
 and Weft by Nnr-h'r.mcc , and particularly the 
 Province of the Itcclitmins , ann the hnqnois-^ 
 and on tlie Sontlt by New-York. The Inland I'.x- 
 tent, asiwasTiid beforcof the fw^Z/y?^ Plantations 
 in General , is but finall , all the Planters covet- 
 ing; to be near the Sea, or at Kaft on foine Navi- 
 gable River, for t'le Conveniency ofTrade. 
 
 Thofe Rivcis liere are none of them very t'.re.it, 
 for their Courle beinj; fliorr, they receive not the 
 Addition of many Waters tolvveil them •, but of 
 
 f 
 
 MafHirhufet, 
 Province. 
 
 MS York. 
 Cortnval.'Tr'oir)-. 
 F.lTex 
 
 ''S.ilem. 
 
 Xlpjwkh. 
 t Candnidge. 
 jCh.i)/esTon'" 
 S Fc.idiiig. 
 ( H'.itcytoKn, 
 
 SBffioti. 
 Dorrhc/ic: 
 Roxhuyy. 
 \Vc\:)r,onih, 
 
 I lampniire. { ^'^ 
 
 Middkfex. 
 
 Suffolk 
 
 Nortl.'.impton, 
 y'lugficld. 
 
 MaUachufet 
 
 Province is reckon'd to extend along the Coaft 
 Norili-eall and South- weft about tio Miles in 
 length, the f^reatcft Breadth up the InUncI, be- 
 ini; under Oo, and much lefs in all other Places. 
 The Northern Boandarv of this Province, and of 
 the wh ilcCoaiitry, is 'lie little River 5/»to. On 
 the South tinb Province is divided from tliat of 
 Plimoiiih, by another fmall Water at tlie Town of 
 Scini.iic^ to the Eaft it has the Ocean, and on the 
 Wel't it has high Mountains and thick I orefts to 
 divide it trom the yet unconquer'd Country of 
 the N.itivis. 
 
 V\'e Will take the Counties and Towns as they 
 He from North to Soutli. A/. mi and CaymvJ are 
 Vf y b.irren up tlie Inland, but towmds the Si.a 
 and alun;; the Rivers yield Corn, and Palture i 
 there ar^.' leveral Towns nam'd 'vithin tlK'in,whicli. 
 as v, ,is laid belore, do not delerve to be localla 
 and iherelore not inention'd here ^ tor even among 
 the three (]hii fell, which are Yoyk.,Duic^Aw!iiVclls, 
 it \v,ll bi- hard to make a tolerable one, lince tliey 
 tell Us, there were ico Kunilie^ in H'tlh before 
 
 Counties: 
 ^ AlbcmarU. 
 I Clartndon. 
 
 Carolina. ^ 
 
 Critvcn. 
 
 Birkley. 
 Coliitoti. 
 .Cirttret. 
 
 thefe the ConneBiciit is the Chief, Navigable in 
 Boats about 50 Miles •, and next to this the 
 Tlj.imeiy the (>l"Js River, Piinixei, iVare, Provi. 
 deuce, Oithiebeqniii, Afarimiuk, Sico, Pemma^iud 
 C'jfco, S ijiadchock, Kenebeck and Penobjlot ; nioft 
 of them lo inconfiderable, that tu Name ihein is 
 enongli •, but if any deferve more, it lliall be in 
 tlieir proper i'rovinces. 
 
 Tins Country is divided into three Provinces, 
 and thofe again into I'cveral Counties, which with 
 their Towns of any Note, are fet down in the fol- 
 lowing Table, not to till up Paper witli above an 
 Hundred Names of Places call'd Towns which are 
 fcarce\'ill,iges,but moftof tliem Country P.irilhes, 
 and not worth I'oinuch as Naming. 
 
 (VfTP Plimoiiih. 
 Siitit tie. 
 
 ( Plimouth.{y 
 Plimouth \ J:' 
 
 Province. J Baniftable.4 S.irnfidle. 
 
 ^ '^'■'ftol. {^^'- 
 
 rStyb>ook. 
 New- London. < New- London, 
 Connefticut \,Umc, 
 
 and New- , ,, , , r , r 1 
 
 haven Pro-*! U»itlurd. 3 Hartford. 
 
 New-haven. (" Byaiiiford, 
 L Fairfeild. 
 
 v in CBS. 
 
 the Wars with the Natives, and confeqiK'ntly 
 fewer now, by which we lee they are inconfide- 
 rable I'laces , only tlut they have tome Works 
 thrown up about them , for a Fence againft the 
 l/idiam. This lair.e may be underllood of ;ill the 
 other Towns we give no particul.ir Account of, 
 wliirh tlierelore lliall not need repeating. 
 
 hffex County is w.iter'd by the River Af.iyi- 
 w.ick, Navig,ible near 40 Miles •, the Soil poor, 
 except near the Coaft •, its principal Town Silcm, 
 wliere the County-Court is kept, a Market eve- 
 ry Week, and two Fairs m a Year. AlidMefex 
 County, being water d by many fmall Rivulets, 
 is reckon'd one of the pleal'aiitelt and fruitfullelt 
 Parts of Ncw-t'.ii.il.wd, abounding in all forts of 
 Cattel, which is tiience exported to other Parts. 
 Its Chief Town KCamliyiilf/, at lirlt c.ili'd AV:i'- 
 Town, leaied on tlu Northern Kranch oi Charles 
 Rivcr, and thang'd iisNuine upon being m.ide an 
 Uinverricy, and having two Collet'.es built in it, 
 wliich are //vn'.in^ ColK-ge and Sti.iwhtuH ll.ill, 
 bclides w!iich , it his fever.il good Houfcs and 
 haiidlom Streets, and the County C.mrt is hi.;d 
 in it twice a Year. Cuylei-'lo-.v 1 is the next, ,t 
 Mi'.e lioin Z<''y?y//, acrol'k ilie iiarbuur, conlillin.; 
 
 i.r 
 
N ElV.ENGt AND. 
 
 M^ 
 
 ..f two lone, Streets, ft Market-phicc, andaliand- 
 (om f 'hnrrli i ;tiicl here tlK'Coiiiit\-Ciiiirt is kept 
 t wire a Ycir. At Rr.iAin/i, another ^',(x>tl To\vii, 
 ilicrc is 4 (In'u Mil «ik! anotltcr to f.iw Timber. 
 Af H'litfrtonn there .ire two I'airs vcarlv. 
 
 'uffoll; rriiMitv is hoiKinr'd with the Capii.il (f 
 i!ii.'f'i)iiiiirv, wlii(h is Bn/)ort, thclari;ell and beft 
 Toxvii ill till" / »;a'//7^ y^/;,fi/(.w Domiiions, biii't 
 
 II till- Sia (!(i:il^, toiiveiiienflv for Tradi'. Tlie 
 ll.irhoiii- (mii'd bv a JUouk f "alHc in an Illaiid, 
 ,t ihe Month of it, with Forts on the Shoar of 
 ilic rdjititicnt to ftriire all the Aveniu-t. This 
 iii:.\ b;- lall'd a ("it\, as well b\ ic.ilim of its Opii- 
 IciK v, as (iir the fjivcral hanf'l'iin Hiiildin^sin it, 
 liotli I'ublick and Private-, a* the Conrt Honfe, 
 Market-Plare, Sir iVI/l. Phip's Houfc, &r. belidcs 
 fcviial fpacious handfoin Streers, and (aid to con- 
 tain lo, or ixoooSoiiU, out of which they form 
 four Companies of Militia, which is too little if 
 thealorel.ud Number of Inhabitants be trne.Theie 
 are n I'anlli ("Iiniches beloni'jnji to tlie Prcjby- 
 terians, a fumlj Church for that Nation, and 
 two Mfetinp,-Houfes for a pariicular Congrei;a- 
 tion of the fhnrrli of I'ti.tnnd^ and the Aiiiibap- 
 tifts. Tins is the threat P(,rt of Ntw-r.n^LmJ, 
 where ^, or 40oSliii)s hav,- been loaded in a Year 
 with 1 umber, Kill , Beef, Pork, t-c. for fcveral 
 Parts of Eitrcpe and Anicrkn, and here the Go- 
 vcrnoiir refides, theConrts of fudiCiturefit, and 
 the AlTeinblv,bein<; like a Parliament, meets, there 
 is a Market every Week, and two Fairs Yearly. 
 The next i^o'xl Town is Dorchciter^ built near the 
 .Sea and has two Fairs, and next to that Roxhirrv, 
 only remarkable for having a Free Schotjl ; anci 
 laltly, Weymouth^ the ancienteft , but inconfide- 
 rable. 
 
 PUmomh Colony , or Province is the next to 
 Af;i[f.ichiifi't, f(r«ichin4 along the Sea about ico 
 Miles, with along Ontlet,"or flip of Land run- 
 ning into the Sea, ending at Cape Co^, and form- 
 n;g liiiriifl.tiU R.ty. Plimoml) County is the firft, 
 (it which little needs be laid in Regard it is in all 
 Refpefls like tlie laft fpokeii of-, Pliinouth vmA 
 ScifiiJte being -he only Towns of any Note in it, 
 the lall of wbicli has twoChurcliCi. Next is Barn- 
 JlMe County containing the abovenicntion'd flips 
 of I and , running out into the Sea and CapeCW, 
 wi'ich is very bigh and tlie Country .ibout it bar- 
 ren, for which the Filliing makes amends. Its 
 principal Town, call'd alio /</>-»y?ijWc, is no way 
 remarkable. A>/y?o/ County follows, in which are 
 Svo.wfcy and llrlflnt Towns, which have nothing 
 worth taking Notice of. The Rivers of this Coun- 
 try are finalf, and there is nothing in it different 
 from what has been fa id before. 
 
 Conneiiiutt and iVt;r/)rfw« Provinces, being 
 now JDyn'd, and but one Colony, lie along the 
 Sea, where it turns away from Muimmcnt Bay, 
 .ind lies alinofl: Eafl and Weflrj a little inclining 
 Southward, about 70 Miles from the Kdge oi Pii- 
 nioiiih Co\w\\j to the Borders of Ne\v-Tork\ and 
 from the Sea up tlie inland it extends about 
 50 Miles. All this Province to the Weftward, 
 and up the Country, is full of Woods,Mountains, 
 and.Vlorallesjwhere there is good Game and Trade 
 of Furs. New- London County is the firll here, 
 whole Capital Town bears the fame Name, feated 
 0:1 the River call'd TIju/ms , which Iras fcveral 
 Hraiithcs tliat Water the Country. Saybrouk the 
 •idelt Tovvn in this County and Lime^ are feat- 
 al ciHioiIi Sides, and at '.he Mouth of Comictti- 
 <■'• River, whichisKavif^ablein Boats, about Oo 
 
 Miles up to HmUrd, which i^ the Chief Town 
 of a County of the fame Nxine, lying from thr 
 Sea. AVip-fc<j:Y« is the nevt M.nitinr Co intv , 
 .ind then Fairfitid the Uft, 111 b^r!, nlncli there i-J 
 no Town of any Note, but poor inronriderabli' 
 I'laces, moft of the Country S, or 10 Mile", from 
 the Sea, being barren Hills and Morafle5,,'iid un 
 inhabited •, t!ie reft luvrtr r'le i^ea does nor want 
 Bed, Pork and Cum, lur li.is little Frado. 
 
 Thus miicli may fuftice fortiiere Provinces and 
 Counties in particular:, it remains to .add fome 
 thing of the Country in general. No Sea afl'ord i 
 more I'lenty, or variety of Filli, but Newfmnd- 
 f-fid^ has taken off much of the Cod Filliery , 
 whereof there is ftil! a tunfiderable Trade to the 
 Illaiid;. For Beafti there are Bears, Foves, Kac 
 ki.oiis. Otters, Beavc-s, Deer, Hairs, Kabbifs,atKl 
 a llrani;e Creature call'd a Mofe, 12 loot Iiigh, 
 the Body as big as a Bulls, the Neck like aStai;s, 
 the Icgslliort, the Tail longer than a Mucks, and 
 the Tips of the Morns 12 Four ahmder. There 
 are belicles abundance of£«rnpM»Beafis, as Cows, 
 Slicep, Goats, Hogs, and Horfes , the lafl: fm.al{ 
 but iwidy, lomctimes exported to the Leeward 
 Ill:inds, as is a good Qpantity of Leather, Beef 
 and Pork. 
 
 Inlefls of all Sorts there are abundance, efpe- 
 rially FlieS .and Gnats, which arc very trouble- 
 blelom j and of Reptiles the moll noted is the 
 Kattle-Snakc, fo call'd from a noife it makes with 
 the Tail, like a Rattle, and this is a dangerous 
 Creature. Nor is there leCs \'arietv of Fowl, both' 
 Wild and Tame. The Prcdurt of the Earth is 
 generally of all fuch Herbs and Fruit as grow in 
 England, Corn and Indian Wheat, and for Trees 
 Oak, Elin, Alli, Cyprefs, Pine, Chefnut, Cedar, 
 Afpin, Beech, Fir, .md SafTifias. 
 
 They carry hence to the Hlands Boards, Mafls, 
 Piuc Staves, Hoops, and Beef, Pofk, Meal and 
 other ProviHons i and in Return, receive Su^.ir, 
 MolalTes, Rum, rjiiii^er. Indigo and Cotton, ei- 
 ther for their own Expence, or to tranfport into 
 Lngl.vid, from wlience rhey have Stiilfs, Silks, Li- 
 nen, Birminf^h.iin-V<\\w , all Sorts ot Working- 
 Tools and Apparel. Money t/iey have but very 
 little, and therefore generally barter one Com- 
 modity for another, tho' they have a Mint at 
 Bcjton. 
 
 It is needlefs to trouble the Reader with abun- 
 danteofBarbarousNames of Nations, as they call 
 them, oilndi.tns , moft of which are no longer to 
 be found, being either deftroy'd by the tnglijh, or 
 Hed from them. In general they were a nak^d 
 People, Subjeft t(« petty Kings, whofe Territo; ies 
 feldom extended above 10 Miles, and very of :cn 
 much lefs. The grcatell Difference among then 
 being ill their leveral Languages. In Winter the/ 
 would cover them (elves with !,' Skins of Wild- 
 Beafts, which they laid by in ">, n..ner. They fed 
 
 on Indian Wheat, Pi(h and G - , their Weapons 
 
 Bows and Arrows pointed with Filh Bones ■, their 
 Boats and Caiiooes made of folid Trunks of Trees 
 liollow'd. Some had fettled Habitations, and o- 
 tliers wander'd about like the I'artars. AH their 
 Religion conlilled in a little Familiarity with 
 and U'orfliip paid to the Devil, to which Purpofe 
 they had a loit of Conjurers, or Jugkrs among 
 them, who were both Pnelhand Pliyticians. 
 
 Since the i?',c/'/" have been aiiioHg them, thofe 
 
 wlio live near them are Iouk thing more civilized- 
 
 Their Kings are Abiolute i their Houfes Mats 
 
 1 v'd about lAiles falln^d ia the Earth. They be- 
 
 L 11 : !ieve 
 
 \\' 
 
 
 ii'i 
 
 iMm 
 
14^ 
 
 hJ EfKYORK. 
 
 i 
 
 Itcve rlieie are manv Cjods, and Dancing is their 
 cinct" Rdii^iD'is Circinniiy, 
 
 Thi'vtcll lu ()( ;ilMiii(l.mrc of /n<i; w Coiu'crt', 
 nav of f>icl,:n i'rcachois, hy wliom it is likily 
 tliorc l\i>pi«.' mull be well mftrurtcd •, but tlic Ki i- 
 tilli I'mpirc in vLroica ^ivc■s Ms a good Iiillance 
 of tbi'- Satiirt, w'lKi'c it fav^, '>iie Jittoomft ati 
 Iiidia.i be'ii£ ror.verttd, told ibt i'.(f/;i ris, or chief 
 Men (if I>is Omntrv, 'Ihe (inrh theylVerJlupp'ii 
 hill ureal I'uwr, km limited iiid j u'fcrvicnl to the 
 Cod he had chifiii. An cxcelli-nt iLxprcilion to 
 fluiw wliat a ConviTt he was, for wliit inore could 
 the moll Ihipid IdoUit^T li.ive fair! .'lie allows tliofe 
 thi'Y worlbip'il to le(io<ls, and of i;rcat I'ower, 
 only tl)at lu' h.id cliolln one b.id more. Thus it 
 appears what Notion h: had ot'Chrirtianity, and 
 Vtt fuch Cnatnres as tlic e tluv ttU ns in .; tew 
 Years are made I'altorsto Convert and ln|}nifl 
 otlicrs, then no Qklhon but huh Mailers mull 
 ha"e lutable OikpLs. Enou^hot this and of the 
 Coloiu , the Hilliulc.il Part whereof, as to the 
 Dilcovery and I'Luit'iin 111 ill be relerr'd to the 
 laft, after IpiMkini' of all tlie other £//^/'/.' Domi- 
 nions along tlie (Continent. 
 
 Kew York 
 
 Is a narrow Slip of Land lying between Neve- 
 hueitiidon t!ie K.ift and A/.r^/o/Zs Kivei" on the 
 VVift, on the Norili it has th>.' lav.i.;c Country of 
 tlio Natives, and on tlie Soutli it h,i-> tlie Ocean, 
 walhii!>i the Coalt of L-Jiif,-Ji/ i::d, wliuli is a ci.ni- 
 fiderablc, if not tlie bell I'art i)f tlie Colony, and 
 leparatcd by a lin ill Arm of the Set. Tlie Conti- 
 nent is frarce 20 Miles over in the broadell place 
 fiorn Hall to Well, and but near 150 in length 
 from North to Sourh. And Loiif, J/t.i/;d h about 
 TOO Miles in Lei.^th Nortli-eaft and South-weft, 
 and not a! we i; m Bruidih. 
 
 The Cliui I.' 15 reckon'd more temperate than 
 thit oiNert-L. . / Hid, and the Soil fo fruitful, that 
 ••. i.asbetii known 10 yield an Hundred for one 
 in \\ heat, if we may believe the I'lanters. There 
 is I great Mauulaeture 111 Laiii^-IjUtid in Earthen 
 Wire-, but the main Trade of the Province con- 
 fif sin Fur?, Skins, Tabaco, Horles, Beel, Pork, 
 I'cale, V\ lieat, and 1 illi Oil. The Soil produces 
 Flax, Hemp, and all Sorts of 1-ruit. In the inulll 
 of the llland is a Plain 16 Miles in Length and 
 I 111 Breadth, whiih yields excellent Hay. In 
 Winter the Inhabitants catch many VVhal s and 
 Seols along the bouih-lide oi the llland, oi ivliidi 
 they make a confideiable Qiiantity of Oil. 
 
 The inhabitants on the Continent, trade wiih 
 the Indium for Skins of Elks, Deer, Bears, Bea- 
 vers, Otters, Kackotms,and aH Sorts of rich Furs, 
 and have V'enilbn and Fowl from them very cheap. 
 To Birbadoe:, and the i)ther Ulands, they carry 
 Horfes, Beef and Pork , for whicli they receive 
 Sugar, MolafTes, Rum, c;t. To ,l/</(-^er;jaiid the 
 Ai.ori:s they carry Pipe-flavesand Filh, in return 
 whereof they bring Wine and Brandy. The Soil 
 is here Richer, and the Climate more temperate 
 than in Ne'.x>-tns,litnd\ but it is hotter in Sum- 
 mer and colder in Winter than in the fame Lati- 
 tude in Fii'-ope. 
 
 Tiie Bealls, Birds, Infe£ls and •^ifli are much 
 the liime here as in New- England ^ and theretore 
 nothing need be laid of them -, nor is there any 
 confiderable Ditfereiice as to the Natives, except 
 111 their languages, which are difficult and bar- 
 barous. They are generally a h.indrom People, 
 
 only make t'lc.r Skins t.i.vny bvcintinim;;', d';' • 
 ni^, very dexterous it tiieir llow^ and Arrous 
 apt to Learn, but Tuch addiiled to Sorceiv.'v'iic;: 
 IS praftis'd by tlieir PnJls, who cin'..avi,ur i.>) 
 tvve them a .',r.at A 'erfion to Chr.lhaiitv. If i 
 Man dillikei' his Wife, lie turn- iier olF and t:ikts 
 another. Ihey are eytraoidinary Sub.niilive to 
 tlieir Kings, believe the Tiannni;',ration of 'in;it^, 
 mighty Dancers, fond of all Sports, and ihore\\h(i 
 have learnt to play at C,i'd<, fo f md of them rltnt 
 they will lole all they have at them. In all the 
 Territory of Neip-Vork there are I'carce loco /;/- 
 diiiri .Men left. 
 
 A'eivTork is tlie Name of the Chief Town of 
 tliis Province, containing about 800 Houfes, many 
 of them handfome, a great Church lately built, 
 a Diitih, a hc/ich, and a Ltttheran Church, as alfo 
 a Frce-Scliool. The Town is conveniently leated 
 at the Moutiiof yVwi/yiz/'s River, and is defended 
 by a Fort, ca'l'd /!;///(, and two Batteries towards 
 tlieSea. Thi; Place was inoft of it built by the 
 DiitJ), before t!ie V.irilijh took it from ihcm, the 
 greatert P.itt of Brick and Stone, and cover'd 
 with Tiles. Near 150 Miles up tlie Country from 
 New 'link (lands the To\sii of Alluny, laoll inha- 
 bitc; by JJiit(!:, w!io remain'd there after then 
 Coiii'.tr',-men loil tlie Pi>.vince, and IiereaStone 
 Fou' 15 lately bu;lt. ,\hwc yl:i..i:y vv.;> another 
 T. .v;i call'd >"..-../ id.:, of alx-ut i-o Houles, in- 
 h. nted by />,;;. 7y and L>/<li//i, biu dellvoyVl by 
 til ■ liaiMi.'. I he ull of theTowiis are not worth 
 in>.ii:ioiiing. 
 
 Yet this Province is divided into 10 Counties, 
 5 of tiicm inhabited by D;:ul) and their Chikireii, 
 whid) are ^Ih my, Vlfiei, D,iichrf.<, Orange and 
 Kiiig's-Connty, the otiiers Suljr!':, ( '/,r, A'.f,;- 
 woud, JVcw-lork, and iJitccn's-Cuii m each of 
 which there are bettlenients, bu jf tlkin 
 
 fuch as do not delerve the Name is, tlw' 
 
 iu call'd. 
 
 Ntw-Jerfcy 
 
 On the Eafl is bou.ided by the Sea and Undjou'i 
 River, tills la il dividnupt from i\fif-rork\, on 
 the Well by JJri'W.'i t Kivcr, whicii parts it Irom 
 J'oijyh.mia ■, on iiie South it has tile Ocean and 
 Dciu\r.trc Bay, aiki on the North a Line drawn 
 from DiiiitV.iic lo ii:Mji.ti\ River, at 41 Dei^reei 
 of Noitli I.atitik'.e le|;aratts it Iroai the upper 
 Continent-, lo the Length trom North to Suutli 
 is about izo Miies, and the grtatell Breadth about 
 half as much Eall and VV'clt. The utniull Soutliern 
 Extent reaihing Ut about 39 Degrees Latitude. 
 
 It IS divided into tw j Parts fiom North to 
 South, which are therefo'c call'd >:')// and H'at 
 Jeijey. The firll is the biggell and belt iii.'ia- 
 bitcclof them,cominenciig at tf^^-lJatiour in the 
 South,and divided from t leotiier by a Line drawn 
 thence Nortliward, by vhich it has more of the 
 Sea Coaft. The Countie; it is Subdivided into 
 are Four, Wt. Bei-^hm C'vunty on Hudj.n'i Ri- 
 ver next NewTor/t, belides which, feveral other 
 Streams water it. Tlie vJhief Town bears the 
 fame Name, and ismoft inhabited by Diueii, be- 
 ing about 350 Souli, anil about as many more di- 
 Ipers'd abroad ill the Country. 2. Ai/f.v County, 
 in whi' h is Llizuibetli Town, oppolite to Htjiai 
 llland, inhabited by about 2jO families, and in 
 it the Courts arc kept and the greatetl Trade car- 
 ried on. To the Northward is another little Town 
 •jf about (00 Families, call'd Nfwark, 3. A/;<i 
 
 dUje.x 
 
'P BN'^riVANl A 
 
 H 
 
 /V;<.i riiiinty, whore »rp Fcrth Citv, \ft will 
 
 HAXce Tfir.ke .t \'ilhij;e-,/'//caM;iMiof 8o FainiliC'., and W liarf. aloiif; 
 
 )l Wfr ■ .( i'lfuhoiit CO. 
 
 )l Wp- .( i'lfuhollt CO. .'ti . /■''•'7j' ^//..icvuf J.O. 
 
 ret c. !l\l a Citv ',_ In whirii .ippcaro \vh:it Inuli 
 I'LiCcs f'ifV t!i^',nit\ wi'Ii {iicli Siaino, j., Min- 
 /(W//i riMinty, ;iM(l in it A!,Uuict,iii. fi)iit,i'"!Hj5 
 ICO Fiun!lii'«. •, Shrov.iluoy i6o, aiui mr/i-./,/ about 
 jo ■, iircl in ii'l il'il,. Cnui't' "d Panlli, r.or 
 Cliiir<!i, Inr miU To'-f Mci'tip>;Ffo'jres. 
 
 If'(y/ ."''«'V-V, ("iTili',!, in n-/, ird toits Pofitioii 
 iroin I .'ii-'lt.l'\ •, Iri 111 \\\\\(h it is clivitloci hy the 
 I iiicafunlaid iiplf>* I';ift,aiid tlu'lanuotlici Honii- 
 daritsatiove-iiuntioiicd.It isdividcd into 4 C \i\». 
 lies, vi^. /hni.'i^ytm., whofe Trade Kiiifilh 111 l\-l- 
 tus^t; •, (W.)cf//f in Pitch. Tav and Uoi'm ^ .s'.i//v/ 
 m Uifi'-, and C,if,e-Mtiy County in WlialeBone 
 and Oil. Tlic Capital i own is A«Wi«yo//, wIktc 
 tlie Ciiuvt-iarc kiot, contains about 200 Kamiiu;., 
 t!ic lliiiliisof IJruk, and ilie iVarkct plintirully 
 fupplv'd witli all I'rovirioni. 
 
 Notliiiu', m<;ro p.iriicular need be added con- 
 cernii'f, tlie Su;l..i,d i'li:nate, which ;;re inucli like 
 the oihtr Koi^il'.honrii^ I'arts we have treated oh 
 The Trade lure rneiutv'n'd in ipi\,kiin', of I/Vj.'- 
 y.'>Jry is ciiniir.on u> huih, befidc \\huh, they alio 
 Expurt liifticieiit ( i^iHntitits of I'rovifions. In A\ 
 Ncw-'Jrfcv tliei !■ ai c Icarcv .100 Natives kft of all 
 that inlialued lo great a Trad of Laud. 
 
 I'eniV.vania. 
 
 The next Province to Nc\t-Jerfiy , is divided 
 from it on il.e I'.ali by Vetawiire River and liay ■, 
 Northward it extends towards the Ifuqiuns In- 
 dians, or Nt'.x-hti'i.t ^ on the \\<A of it are Ibll 
 
 Brick, I or ^ Stories iiii^h, will, man, VV,irchuul> 
 
 lindlom Court- 
 1 IV o Fair* are 
 
 s iiittii, will, 
 the River-, 
 
 II 1^1/11. u 
 fcirelaicl 
 
 the fame hcijunis Natives, and Part of i' 
 and on the Soii:Ii Aiar^iir^d., and the afn 
 J>fl,i:r.iu Bay. The 1 en;;thofit North and Soiuh 
 fniiTi I'cfi.'hnx, ^ on the Kivcr DeltWiVe to Cape 
 JJoiilipc, i't tlie Mouth (f Dil.nure Bav, beiuj^ 
 A^ lit 1:0 .NJiks, whiTcofaliour 50 are but a very 
 II ^i row sr.P of t ai^d, between Ai.^ yUnd and the 
 E.iv, no uiu're above 10, or 12 Miles over. This 
 is tl c I vTf^th \ve find moll agreeable to all Maps, 
 ant! in ri .ility the Truth of it :, for tlio' Cihrifl 
 ■J '.oi,...! in his Ai count extends ir to 300, and the 
 liijtorv i>f tlu- 7^//Vi>/ Empire to 330 Miles, tiiat 
 is ai. iirai-'jnary, fuppofini^ fomuch may be con- 
 <|Uiv'd or peopled, for the fame Hiilory fays the 
 Extci t is from the Beginning of the 40:li Degree 
 to the 43d Digret of Laiitude ., fo that lliould we 
 iiirUideall the 43d Degree, it would be but 3 De- 
 grees in all, whicii ran make no more tlian 180 
 Miles •, but we have rather , according to their 
 own Accounts allow'd it from the End of 39 where 
 Cape K-ntopt is, U> the Beginning of 42 where the 
 Falls oi' Iltl.m are R-.ver are, beina two whole De- 
 grees, and making, as was faid before, 120 Miles, 
 The Bieadth from haft to Welt the firll Author 
 ahovtmention'd makes 180 and the latter 200 
 Miles, which mult be underflood in the fame Man- 
 ner a> has been faid of their great Length, rather 
 what they would liave it, th..n what it is. 
 
 The whole Province 's divided into fix Coun- 
 ties. I. That vf JiitckinRhnn ■, where the firft 
 Town, call'd Fals Torvnji'tp, has only 20 or 30 
 Houies, and then Br:jtol the Capital of 50 Houfes; 
 2. Ph.i.idclphi.^ , in wh.th is the Capital of the 
 whole ProviPCi., bearing the lame Name, anddig- 
 nil\'d witli tile Title of a Citv, feated between 
 two NavL^aMii Rivers , the DeUnxnc and the 
 Schi/clk.l. l he .1 ioules being about 1200, built of 
 
 lloufe, and under it a Prif 
 kept Iiei-t even. Year, and t\v...M ikets a X^ eek. 
 It IS inh.hitcd Iw People of fevtr.il PniKip;i< •, 
 fo tliere is a ("hurch for fudi ai are bred 10 it, 
 and M ■tting-l!i ufes for Qjakus, Presbx tt 1 lan*, 
 Analiaptifls, ;'■ alll) a Srcijl) CInrcii. T!ie Af- 
 feiiibl'.es and CVurtsof fudicatuie are held here, 
 and there is a Key 2iX) foot fquaie, clofc to whidi 
 a Sliip of 5C0 Tun may be. Next to Phi.'jdrlphiu, 
 tlie fcrt Town is Ciiriiutn 7'-n», of about 200 
 lloullb. Over tile River Siljoolkll is the ll'dp 
 I'l.mt.iiion of 400CO Acres. 
 
 The third County is call'd Cheflcr ^ whofe Ca- 
 pital (if the fame Name contains not above 100 
 I lollies •, and befides tiiat there is Chuhe/hr of the 
 like Number of Inhabitants. 4. AVir-Ci/?/rCoun 
 ty, wliole C^apital bears the fame Name, a.dcon- 
 tanis above 2CCO Souls. 5. Kent, wliofc chief 
 Town IJovei- lias not above 30 or 40 Hoiileiw 
 6. Siiffrx. where the principal Place is call'd Lewis, 
 reckonecl a good Town, as Towns go in thole 
 I'arts. 
 
 T!ie 4;rcat Rivers licre are, the Delavr:t> eon the 
 F.alMide, delcendiiig from the Country of the />»- 
 1110:', .11, d filling into tile Bay nf tiic fame Name, 
 and tile .s./Zv"*''.^"'''-:'^ eoming out of the fame In 
 land Country, and rinuiin!', almol\ Parallel to the 
 Ddmiiire till it tails intu O'ljipeah !' ty. Tlie 
 Schoolk before ineiUioii'd walbing ore fide i(t the 
 City riiilidc'plna is iinall, and lolisits felf in the 
 
 As tot . Climate, this Country lies eiiual witli 
 theSoutli 1 artof /-'(.i/Kf and /m/j, wliichit lome- 
 what rtfeipt^les, tiie Air being Serene, Pleafant 
 and wlioll'i.ine, but colder in Winter ami liotter 
 in Suminer. .\nd for an Inftance of the Cold, liie 
 great River DrLuvme, whiili is near two Miles 
 broad at l^hil.iJilpbui , has been quite frozen up. 
 The Sammer here would be intolerable were it 
 not moderated by cool Bree7.es. 
 
 The Soil in fo large a TratT may be imagin'd 
 to vary, ft)me good and Ibiiie bad. The Pro.luft 
 differs little fiom the Neighbouring Provinces al- 
 ready mention d, fur iiere are molt Trees wliidt 
 Engl.wd alfords ■, and befides them. Cedar, Safia- 
 frasand Clieiiuif, and for Shrubs Sumrtck, Snake- 
 root, Safi'aparilla, Calamus Aroinaticiis, Jalap and 
 Cranberries. I lere is alii> Plenty of Oram ot eve- 
 ry Kind, and all polllble \ anety oi Fruit ^ nor 
 is tliere lei's Diverfity of Animals, as Tame Cattle 
 and all tiic Wild Bealls, wliole Flelli, Skins or 
 Furs are of any \'alue , but all thefe lafl lie up 
 the Country, and cannot properly be faid to be in 
 Peiijylvania. Fi(h and Plants need not be men- 
 tioii'd, it being well known that all thefe Coalls 
 afibrd the grea:eft Variety that can be imagin'd. 
 
 The Natives are handlom, and would have good 
 Complexions, did they not fpoil them, ashas been 
 laid of their Neighbours, by anointing theuifelves 
 with Bear's Fat,and other filthy Iii^redieiits.They 
 walh their Children, as foon as born, and carry 
 thtin on their Backs ty'd faft to a Board. The 
 Boys firll fill), and when big enough hunt ;, the 
 Girls plant Corn , and carry Burdens as their 
 Mothers do. Their Houfes are Huts , made of 
 Mat, or Bark ;, their Food, Indian Wheat, Beans, 
 Peale, Flelli and Filb. No People are merrier, for 
 half their life is Fcalling and Dancing, and they 
 are generous and free ot what they have, as co- 
 veting nothing. The fame Apparel they wear 
 
 liviiiii. 
 
 ■« 
 
 I ■ I 
 
 !■ ifi 
 
441 MJRTXAN'D, VIRGINIA 
 
 m 
 
 m 
 
 living, they arc huried in when dead, and the 
 Kindred throw Tome ^vahiahk things into tlicir 
 Oi-^ives. As for their Reliji.io;!', they believe a 
 Trod, and the fmmortalitv <.f the Soul, and pay 
 their Worfliipwith Sacrifices and Singina. Their 
 Government is Kingly and Hereditary, nut the 
 Fitigs or Sovereigns have very fir.all Domini- 
 ons. With the In^liflj they have always been 
 (^riendly ard conrteous, To that there has never 
 been any War between tliem. 
 
 T!ie prt-rmt Inliahitants F.nj^lifl/, Dutch, and 
 S'l^e/les^ are reckon'd to bj above zcoco, who 
 drive a confiderablc Trade to all the otlier A- 
 >»;i:ca,i plantations on the Continent, as well 
 as tn tlie Idands, and to Fnc,litnd. The Com- 
 modities they export arc Horfes , Pipe ftaves, 
 Beef, S'ork, Bread, ^4cal, all forts of Grain , 
 Skins, Furs, Pot-Afiicj, Wax, and Tabaco, In 
 return for wliich they lerciveKum, Sugar, Mo- 
 talTes, Silver, Slaves, Salt, VV'nie, Linen, all 
 fortii of VVcaving Apparel and Houlliold itufT, 
 &c. 
 
 Mary-Liind 
 
 On the North reaches up to 40 Degrees la- 
 titude, where a Line drawn from Eift to Weft 
 divides it from Per/Jyluwit, and the Inland /»- 
 diM Country ^ on the Weft P.ttowmeck River 
 parts it '".om t^irginut •, as does the fame River 
 and Pocom:ick Bay on the South •, Pocomack Ri- 
 ver fevers it from the reft of (^ir^inia on the 
 EaiL and the remaining Eaftern Part liesalon^ 
 the Ocean. For the better underftanding where- 
 of, it is to be obferv'd, that the great Bay of 
 Chefapeak divides both Jli.iryl.in/i cUid l^ir^ini.i 
 into two Parts, each of them' from North to 
 South, one Part of earh lying on tlie Eall fide 
 of the faid Bay, and the other on the Wert. 
 
 This Province, like the reft, is divided into 
 Countie"-, whereof there arc 11, 6 on the Weft, 
 and 5 on the Fail o( Curf ipcik Ba^\ The moft 
 Northern on the Weft rommencing at 40 De- 
 forces Latitude , as lias been laid, is cali'd Bal- 
 timore County, reaching as far as ^.j.>/'s Creek 
 Southward, \vhence only lome Icattering Trees 
 to tlic Weftward lliew its Extent and Limits^ 
 and in it nothing that can properly be cali'd 
 a Town, tho' that Name is given to a parcel of 
 f.aiter'd HoulVs. The next is A>m A' imdcl 
 County, not much better funnlli'd with Towns, 
 here heinc; only one callVl Ann.ipol'u, conlifting 
 of 40 1 knifes, and a Kree-School, and here the 
 Courts of Judicature are htld. Then follows 
 Cilvctt County, lying along the Eaft lide of the 
 River P.iiiixast. Oil the Weft of the faid Ri- 
 ver Prince Cieorge'f, County. South of this, Cotirtes 
 County, and again Snutli of this S. M.iry\ 
 where is a Place bearing the fame Name witli 
 the Title of a City, yet contains not above 60 
 Honfes. Pafting iience over Chcjaptak Bay, the 
 firrt we come ^iKSmneyjit County, then Dor- 
 chejin\ wliere there are more Indians than in a- 
 nyof theothei":, but the cliief Place of the lame 
 Name wiih the County, lias not above 10 Hou- 
 it's. Pr'Hecding llill Northward, the next is 
 TMttt County , then Kent, running out into 
 Cbeji'peak t5ay, and laftlv CecU, the moft Nor- 
 thern County on the Eaft. 
 
 Tlie Air, Soil, ProdufV, and Animals here are 
 tiic lame as in ^.c^;»/rf, where the Reader may 
 find them •- but the abundance of Brooks and Ri- 
 
 vers makes the Ground exceeding fertile , and 
 for the Natives, we muft refer to the fame Placf, 
 fince there is no remarkable difference botwe-n 
 them, only it is here obfervable, that of tliol'e 
 People there arc not at prefent tluMinjit to h ■ 
 5CO Men able to bear Arms remaining. Moft 
 of thefe live upon the Eailern Shon- ni two or 
 three little Towns, but go over in Winter to 
 hunt Deer,- which is their only Deli-.,hr, being 
 very averfe to the Europeans wx^ o( l.ving and 
 Chriftianity. 
 
 The wholeConntry was like one contiruedWoad 
 when the Engulh came into it, and is now no 
 otherwife any farther than they have clear'j, 
 which is very much. The main Trade here is 
 Tabaco, foftrong that few fw^/z/Zi c.ire to fmoke 
 it, and yet it turns to better Account than the 
 fweet (ceiited of yirfjnia, being moft efteem'd in 
 the North Eaft_ Parts of £«r(j;;e , wliitlicr vail 
 Qiiantities are Cent, and it proves io advant.ige- 
 ous, that it encourap.es the Inliabitants to en- 
 creafe their Plantations, which arc now fo much 
 improv'd that here is more Tabaco thougiit to 
 grow th.in in f^ir^i'iii, tho' it be a later Plan'a- 
 tion. M )ft of the Country is plain, and what 
 Hilli ii.ere are, eafie of Afcent , fo that they 
 afford a delightful ProfpeCl. 
 
 Virginia 
 
 On the North is bounded by Patowmeck R ivcr, 
 which parts it from Maryland •, on the Eaft by 
 the Ocean, on the South by a r'd^e of Hills 
 dividing it from Carolina •, and on tne Weft the 
 Apatathean Mountains part it from the Inland 
 unconqiier'd Country, which may be reckon'd a 
 Part of New-France, or Hen»e'iin\ Loihjlm.., as 
 being no great diftance from t!ie Kikhvii lake 
 of Flic. Thus this Country will in reality ap- 
 pear to extend above soo Miles in leiigtli from 
 North to South, ftretihing it themoft tliat may, 
 and not 100 in Breadtli fro^n Eaft to Weft, ;i! 
 lowing it to extend to tlie alorefaid Mount, liiie, 
 the one half of wliich is not yet inliabiud hv 
 any Fnflift\ And kft this llionld be tliout^lit 
 a leffcning of the Countrv, it mulV be obferv'd 
 that the Hiftory of the Piritilli Empire extend- 
 ing it to 400 Miles, muft of neceliity citlier rim 
 in deep into Carolina Southward, or into the 
 Country of the Iroqnou Northward, as will ap. 
 pear to any one that will take the Pains to exa- 
 mine whatfoever Maps are extant of thof- Parts. 
 But let It be never lomuch ftrerch'd this way, 
 nothin.i^ can be paralleU'd to the extravagant 
 Notion of extending /-0>^/«/'j Weftward to the 
 South Sea, which is at leaft i^oo Miles acrols 
 the Country, either through tlorida , or New- 
 Fi-ame, and then athwart all New-Afexico, now 
 aftually in the Poffeilion of ine Crown of .s)),!,,., 
 and yet at the f«me time it is moft certain that 
 the moft Inland Settlements come not near the 
 Apalathenn Mountains, which as has been faid, 
 are not above ico Miles from the Sea. 
 
 Thus much may fuftice upon t'us Point toccn- 
 vince the Reader that nothing is here deliver d 
 but upon good Authority , without following 
 blindly tiie Miftakes or willful Error, common 
 in Books of this Nature. O'j^/ (^f./;t Biy, as was 
 faid before in Ibeaking of Mary-lind, divjdei 
 tliis Province as well a!> that ii;to two I'.at?. 
 Now this might be more properly cali'd a 1\' 
 ver thanabay, inu^.ud it runs up die Cuun- 
 
 tiv 
 
 ! 
 
 and At'; 
 
 The mail 
 ill the Sou 
 on which tl 
 Weft to til 
 ;ibove the 1 
 Tori River 
 running So 
 vcr ill lome 
 diiiant i gc 
 and fmalkr 
 dhtns call 
 the Fni'li/.'j 
 try. 7, 
 fame Cour 
 longer, be 
 4. The P,! 
 Ill length 
 Miles over 
 than any 
 ings. Ri 
 J I'^alcih 
 iricri , AV, 
 //,w/, Wilt I, 
 i:oi<fiir, & i 
 lie ii.u be 
 lo far as 
 liunlnh, 
 liave taken 
 (ore little 
 Conceited 
 liillitrto li,. 
 heen \\.,i i' 
 fij long iiv 
 7he('l„; 
 draw Ptv| 
 cevt,,iii ill,, 
 ilie iiii.vi t.i 
 try vei\ 
 Uiit, .'.!1 
 tlie> iiia\, 
 piercm^ \ 
 arc the cau: 
 
FIRG INI ^. 
 
 try about 200 Miles, bcitij; near ;o Miles ovet 
 i\t tin.' M'-mtli, little Icfs in moll Parts within, 
 and much more in many. It has ahold Coaltall 
 alon^ on both fides, fo thiit any Ship may go 
 in at all times founding, without the help of a 
 Filnt. Many Rivers fall into it on both fides, 
 and along the Shori's there are feveral little I- 
 {lands, foine of which arc Planted. 
 
 The whole Province is divided into 25 Coun- 
 ties, in which tliere are but 49 Parifiies, a finall 
 Number for fuch an Extent, and what is inure, 
 no Place worthy being taken notice ot as a 
 Town •, for tliat they call J.ima City has not 
 ;:bove 70 Hoa!«, and thofe fcattering ; as for the 
 New lown oi WiU'.an.lluiit, or [Villi iiihuiirg^ihix^ 
 ;:re not 30 Honfcs in it , the Habitations be- 
 ing fingle for the i'ake oi the Plantations. Of 
 fuch there are great Numbers all along the Banks 
 of the Rivers ilpccially , which is a Situation 
 every one dclnes, for tlie convenience of lliip 
 ping oH' their Tabaco. The Names of the Coun- 
 ties, wiiicli is as much as need be (aid ot them 
 m particular, arc Rt(.hhio)irl, Siitjford ,^E[le.v, 
 MdiUjiy, GUciJler-, A',v,/;'j and Oiteen's County, 
 King IViUiam's County, Ncn-kcnt, Eliz^aheth, 
 li'artvickyTork^ j.i/i.cs^ P/nicc O'corg(\ andChnrlcs 
 City Counties, /-/oiruo, Sicxy. Kle of Wii'lit^ 
 ilSJarfernimci^ Piincefs jiinie, and Norfolk, IVc/t- 
 Tn':ytM:/'-, Lmcjlvr, NurlbumberLvid, ylcio/zuik, 
 and Kcrthai/.jiU.n. 
 
 The main Rivers here, are, i. Jamts River, 
 in the South, by the indians call'd PorvhMMi, 
 on which tlie Intlip firft fettled, runs from the 
 VVefl to tlie Eart, and is Navigable i.)0 Miles 
 above the Mouth. 2. Northward of the lalt is 
 7ork River, coming from the Nortli Well, and 
 running Soutli Eall, palfnig fo near 'Jjii.ei Ri- 
 viT in loine i'iaccs,that they are not above 5 Miles 
 oillant ■, gofd Ships may fail up it 60 Miles, 
 ?nd Cmalkr Neflds 30 Miles higher. The In- 
 dutm call it PiiiriKriky, a Name Itill given by 
 tlic Ftielijb to a Branch ot it higlier in the Coun- 
 try. ^ Ra^p.ihamioik River, which runs tlie 
 fame Coui fe with the two former, but foincwhat 
 longer, being alfo Navigable above ico Miles. 
 4. The Ptuoxvmeck far exceeds them all, both 
 111 length of Courle, and breadth, being fome 
 Miles over in (everal Places, Navigable higher 
 than any of the i.iIilis, and vir\ lull ot W nid- 
 ings. Rivers of lels Note there arc many, as 
 i t'^ishah Ri>'' r, A',i>.Ji,„iii:d, Ci'uk ihuii:o>iy, Po- 
 irur, Nu.tb River, /.J/iVr ,■;;•./' River, C«>-(7fl- 
 ii.r.ri, M7t(Vi. c/;.(U', /'oiofmikc, C'.,j/t;/,j/i,(c, Pirn- 
 iptifiic, ^c. 01 tlie Aji.ilachc.tu A'ountaius lit- 
 tle c.ii be f.iid , lilt ihul'e who li.ivf ventur'd 
 (o far as to lee li tu , tell us iliey are d a vail 
 iiugliih, and iiu ll ilirlauU ,\lceni, butverv tew 
 havt taken tie I'.iii.:. to I ravel over, and there- 
 fore little is known, -iciine, it is true, h.ive 
 Conceited there are niii'lity Mines in them, which 
 Imherto h..-. apptar'vl a inccr Notion, for had they 
 been \\>.iih tlie hKikuig alter thc^ had not lam 
 fj long iiegki-'lcd. 
 
 Thet'lmiaie is much commended, in order to 
 draw People over, yet ilkie i> nothing more 
 ctit.iiii ili.iii lint It IS exceliive hot, which, v.ith 
 the iin»\ 1 tainrx ol tlie V^ lather, make-, the Coun- 
 trv ver\ unh.aUh^ \ for thelle.it being fo vio- 
 lent, all Men naturallv W<k to be as frclh as 
 they nu\,, .1111 i n a u'cldin there n'.c luili Iharp, 
 piercing \\i;kU as llcike iliem through, and 
 lire the caufe \>f maiiv Dille.npers •, not to fpeak 
 
 H? 
 
 of tlic du:igerof dnnk'n,; too hot, ortoocool- 
 \\\g liquors. Betides, there is a continual Plague 
 of all torts of Iiilefti, as Cnats, Puiiaifes, and 
 other N'ennin ■, and for the 'arger fort, the 
 Rattle-Snake, whoiebite is Mortal without i;n- 
 mediate Cure. Tlie Winter is no lefs troublefoine 
 than the Summer, conliltmg either of molt vio- 
 lent Cold, or Moods of Rain. 
 
 The Soil IS generally good, the bcfl Plains 
 near the Mouths of Rivers , producing Kice» 
 Hemp, M\<\ Indian Wheat ^ the upper Country 
 yeilds all f rts of EufepeM Trees , befu ;s 
 lomc others of the .Americ:;>t Kind. They tell 
 usof Iron, Lead, nay of Silver Mines, butthefe 
 may very well be look'd upon as Notions till 
 they produce the Metals. Nijr is any more 
 account to be made of their \ines,which tho' at- 
 tempted by teveral, could never be brought to 
 Perledlioii. Their bed Trees are the Oak, Ce- 
 dar, Cyprefs, Fir, Walnut, andAtlii befides the 
 Satlalras , and Fruit Trees. 
 
 f'ut of^all the Growth, nothing comes near 
 the Tabacco for Protit, and being to well known 
 in Ln,\l.t)id iifdc no Defcnptioii. The manner 
 of lowing it is in Beds, wliere it continues ;i 
 Month conllantly Weeded, and is then iranl- 
 planted, after which there mull be continual 
 care to prune, top , and take otf the bottom 
 Leaves, as alio to clear them of Worms. When 
 ripe, which appears by the Leaves turning brown- 
 illi, the Plants are cut, hikI after fweating m 
 Heaps, every Plant is hunij up m thcTabacco- 
 Houfe for a Month or live Weeks, then taken 
 down ag«in in moilt Weather and Iweated, then 
 fhipp'd and liirted. Tiie top Leaves being uie 
 helf, and the loweft the wurll, and lull I y it is 
 put up ill Hcglheads. 
 
 H^.uls in l^i'gitiij are as varioi;. as the Pro- 
 dud of the Earth, tor there is plenty of Euro- 
 piM Cattel, fiiice tiill cirrs'd over by the Eng- 
 li/J-^ and great luiiiibers of ilorlos ; the wild 
 Beafls are Deer, h!lks. Bears, Wolves, Foxes, 
 Otters, and Beavers, as alio Lions, and I ec pards. 
 I he Ihange ones, uiiknuwn to us, are the ilying 
 Squirrel, lo calT'l, becaule it has a Helliy tub 
 fiance like Wings, which it extends, and by 
 the help of it skips trom Free to Tree, tho" they 
 be 20 or ;o Yards dillant. The Up.Qnm has.i 
 Head like a Hog, and the Tail like a Rat. beins; 
 about the bigiieis of a Cat. The Female lias .i 
 Bag under its Belly, in which it carries its Young, 
 and thither they tty in cale of Danger. The 
 AliilJ-jLiri is a lort uf Water-Ratj to call'd be- 
 canli: it linells of Musk. Belidcs thele there arc 
 buttaloes, wild Boar?, infinite numbers of com- 
 mon Rats and Mice , tome i'olecats and Wce- 
 /els, anJ >>buiidaiice of Hares and Rabbits. 
 
 Fowl ..-iC IK) leU pleiititul and variou- , ,uk\ 
 not to trouble the Iveader, they have all that 
 P.npJ . j/ alfords, befide> other lorts over and a- 
 howe, among which the Humming Bird is remark- 
 able far Si/e and Beauty, being luace half ii» 
 big as a Wren, and doatli'd m molt lovely Scar- 
 let, t-jreeiiand Cjokl. Then for 'Miing, there a; v 
 wild lurkeys much bigger thanouis, whieliwe 
 iiiav luppole are large Bollards. It would be 
 tiKilef. t ) enumerate their Fillies, and witliouc 
 following tlkir Roni.iiuuk Fahles, luj Place 111 
 the World alfords more \a;ut\, or greater 
 I'leiity. 
 
 Money is here fo lean:', t!;at rich Men cju 
 fcarce gel enough to pay tiieir LrAvelliiiji L.li.ii- 
 
 »e»v 
 
 
 %r: 
 
 iht 
 
 If 
 
 Miil 
 
 
 ;:»* 
 
 ' >ilU 
 
 1 
 
 i' t .'HI 
 
m 
 
 14.4. VIKGINIA. CAROLINA 
 
 $ 
 
 im 
 
 gcs •, but a\\ Tilts of Coins \x\'' , mid it is a 
 nappincfs to get any. 'I'h^' kiu)\v;i N'arieties 
 arc Sp.inifl) Dohlooii;, riil>.'es, and Pieces of 
 
 '■ Gold,Clie- 
 
 Caroliiu. 
 
 The next and laft EngUfi Province to the South- 
 ward, on tl'e Continent, is reckon'd t.> lie be- 
 tween ;i ard -,6 Dei^rees of North Latitude, ;nid 
 mav he about 250 Miles in Length, theHreiultli 
 at utmoft fcarce an Hundred , not to fpeak of 
 the extravauant Notion of extending it to the 
 South Sea, athwart all FloriJ.i, and the SpMfij 
 New .'1/fv/fo before fpoken of in f':>fiinia. On 
 the North it Borders on rhfini.t, on the F.all 
 of it is the C\-ean •, on tlie South it jo:ti> to the 
 Sp.mHh Floriil.i, and on the Weft to that part o| 
 finite- the lame Country, which is yet uncoiujuer'd, 
 and little known. 
 
 TliC whole Countrv 's divided into North 
 and So'.ith Caynllna, and t'.iofe two into fix Coiui 
 ties, two i!i the North, vi/.. All<cm:irle and CL- 
 yeml.vi •, and four in the South, wliirh are Cr.ivcn 
 Bcrkhy, Ctill'.ton, and Citrcnt, Aibcm.it le Coun- 
 ty is the inoft Nortlierlv, joininc to riiyjiii.i^ 
 water'd by .'llbcw.irlc River, whicli is made up 
 of tW(j, tlie Nor itokc and Xti'ow i\: Next t>) 
 it is the r,iiit<i!,i>e, and then llic NeiJ'i, but there 
 is no To\sMi i\) tliis County ih.it deferves t!ie 
 Name. The next i;. CI tfoidori County, vvhofj 
 firll Kivcr is rall'd (tiyoitlfn, orCipe Fe i> \\\- 
 ver, the firft Name from a I'roprietor, tlie Lit- 
 ter from th.e Promontory fo caM'd, at t!ie M luth 
 ot it, and this delirends from two Hranclie-i. Thgi 
 fallows It'.iteycye River, cap;ible o( larj^e Ships, 
 Hetween thcfe two is tlie little River W'iinoii^ 
 on which is a Settlen\ciit rall'd Ch.irtes Town. 
 5.v,fi' River parts Nort!i and Soutli C',«o/,>/>, and 
 tlie fiid County in the l.itter is that of Oaten, 
 tolerably inhabited by F.tifjijh and French, tlie 
 latter whereof have a Settlement on S.wte Ri- 
 ver, a> Iiave the Z-',v.'',<'.' ontlie n^xt, call'd .VfiPff. 
 Ikikliy County is next, the Soutli I'art whereoi 
 is only inhabited 'on^ tlie two River., C'u/ifr 
 ■M\fl yjhity. Between tliem is the Capital of the 
 Ciuntry 0';.!r/f,( Town, in about 31 fje^rees and 
 40 Minutes 1 :ititnde , and 2 leai;aes fro;n the 
 Sea. It is fortify 'd with fix Baftions, and I ires 
 quite round , and hither all t!ie Trade of the 
 Countv is bronj;!it, yet no Ship of above 200 
 Tun Can cone into the Ilirbour. There are 
 14 or i> !;oixl lloufcs, and as many others as 
 make up lome Streets. Here is alfo a Clnirch 
 and a pnblick Librai y , befides the Church a 
 Presbyterian Mcetin,i;-Houfe, another of Aii.i- 
 b.iptilb, and a third of Qiiakers, asalfoa f'fw/i 
 Church, and the whole Number of the Inhabi- 
 tants is about .•'.50 iamilies. The (jovernour 
 
 ..., , refides here, as do tlie Courts of Judicature. On 
 
 as to tiieir Number they are ihou^ibt to be the Southern Edge of th's County is another 
 
 Eight at the coTimon rale^ ■, ...,, 
 
 quins at lO j. Fanch Crowns at 5 s. Dutch 
 Dollars at 4 s. and all Eiii^Lflj Coin as in F'^ng- 
 Imd. The whole Trade of y^ginia is Ta- 
 barco. 
 
 The mighty numerous Nations of /;/i^/.wj which 
 Inhibited this Urge Country, aie now reduc'd 
 to about 5C0 Men, wlicreas \v!ien the F.njilh liill 
 Planted, one of the many liutim Kings w.'.s a- 
 blc to bring 2ccco Men into the iield, and vet 
 we exciiim that others have unpeopled Qjun- 
 tries, without oblerving that tliey have infinite- 
 ly greater Numbers '.f hidtw Subverts in much 
 fmnller r'<'vinces. This little Handful whicIi re- 
 mains, Aiil follows ilie Religion of their forcta- 
 thers, wliich llicws what Care has been taken of 
 their Converfion. Thefc People always had , 
 and ibll retain tlie Notion of a Sovereign Dei- 
 ty, vet as our Ueifis do, i:elieving tliat hedoes 
 not C'tnrern liimlelf with Worldly Alfan's, but 
 len.ves lu entirely to our own Difpol'al, and tliere- 
 fore eypei'fs no Worlliip from us, nor heeds it 
 if paid. But they believe tliere is awi(kedSpi 
 r:t whoa!\va')S watches to do harm to Man, and 
 therefore they ule all podible means to pleal'e 
 and appeafe him. 'Ih.y honour their PriLJls, 
 w!io are great Con;urers, and reputed toper- 
 form extraordinary things among iheui by that 
 /irt. Thefe Pnelh t'pe;>k of a Heaven and Hell 
 after tlieir Way, are bloody in their Sacrifices, 
 and lomctiuies oiFer up Children to the Devil. 
 They have a ('ulloin of llnittiiig up their Youth, 
 as it were 111 a Cage, and intoMcaiing them with 
 poilonous Roots, till iliey are 111 a manner di- 
 Ihaeied, when they take them out and cure 
 them, .iiid they lay they forget ail their palfc 
 live:, and then are reckon'd Ijentlemen. Ma- 
 trimonv ihey oblerve Iveligioully and reckon 
 /\dul!eiy ■'II uniiaidoiiable Criuie. 
 
 Their Cloatiis Cinil'ilt in a Ma".tlc-, and un- 
 der it aCluthrcjund tlie:r VV.ifte, both ot tlu'in 
 ty'd with a Cjirdle. Iheir food is all lortsof 
 l-illi, Fowl, and C;attle hoil'daiid ro.ilied , they 
 alio cat Snakes, and In.iiu. Corn ileepd, bruis'd 
 in a .Mortar, and then boil'd. They exprels 
 their Irieiidiliip to Strangers by finoaknig round 
 in a I'ipe-, which if rcfusd, it is a Declaration 
 of W.ii. \'l their VWalth confills in Furs, 
 a:id siiell-. Their (.lovernincnt is Monarchical, 
 and. they ave zealous 1:1 prelerving tlic SucceUi- 
 011 in the ligiit I nie. 
 
 The piefent Inhabitants being under an /-.v^- 
 //'//' ( jrovci'iiinent, much need not be laid ot them. 
 
 "r'v ..- - -, • -o- - •- 
 
 70CO? SouU, a great Number, it triie, yet lit 
 tL e lougli for to much j andjbut thele muft not be 
 thong'.: to be all F.uIiJ/j, tor th.ere are many 
 I'iioi'ii.uid Blacks, belides a conllderable number 
 of />.'..('; gone i>vet of late Years. The moll: u- 
 fu.d Ditleuipevs are Colds, proceeding from the 
 inicataiiUy of the Weatlier, as alio tiripes and 
 Lliixes, l!-)Wiiig much froiii die lame Caule, oro- 
 veiuiiuli eatiiig of IruiC', the lial'oning being 
 J lort c>f lever New cnmcrsare lulijeit 10 j and 
 the I r.ri, wliicli lome reprelent as a lugh scur- 
 vy, but others rattier look iij>on as a bp^cies of 
 the I'ox. The CioverniHent is by a Oovcriio ir, 
 '"oinuil, and general .Mlembly ) tliulaft i>uf tlie 
 Natufsof a Patliameiit. 
 
 Town call'd Dorc',>r/lcr ^ loiitaining about 350 
 Souls, on the River Sun , and in it an Ind;- 
 pendeiit Meeting-tloufe. CoIHioh County folluWa 
 to the Southward, the two chief Rivers where- 
 of are North Fdjhrr, and South Fil.jl.in-, along 
 whole Banks there are leveral Plantativins, a:id 
 fmne Indi.m Towns ab-.iut the Country, .^bove 
 tlie meeting ol llie two Fd ilows is a Town ot 
 about Ho lioul'es, by Tome call'o Wilton, by o- 
 thers AVii l.ondju. Cuieret is tlie lall Coiinty, 
 not vet inhabited, tho' reckon d the betl I'ari 
 of all the Province. 
 
 T!!C Air here is Healtliy, beini» always fercne, 
 plealant aiKl temperate, never liib.d to exceliivc 
 ile.ii or Cc'ld, nor lu luddch Cliar.^es. Th: 
 
 U intei 
 
 Winter is 
 
 Ways cool'i 
 
 rurally feri 
 
 tinui! TeiT 
 
 green all 
 
 Filli, are i 
 
 for Timbe 
 
 common P 
 
 v.Iiat will 
 
 .'^arlaparllki 
 
 in tlie Woo 
 
 lome Oil ci 
 
 Its prill 
 
 Corn, Pea 
 
 Hoops, C( 
 
 Tar. The 
 
 the Iflands, 
 
 fo talk mud 
 
 having as 
 
 be fa id of ii 
 
 The Nati 
 
 foine, of go 
 
 ed to Hunt 
 
 and being ir 
 
 ligioii and C 
 
 tiLitis, and 1 
 
 they are lik 
 
 tlicr they le 
 
 tend, or hac 
 
 putiiig, tho 
 
 America tlia 
 
 ropeans came 
 
 Britijh Empi 
 
 Chriftianity 
 
 turn to the 
 
 ry unaccount 
 
 verfion of In 
 
 the Rritijb I 
 
 mains to acq 
 
 faid of them 
 
 Authors, whi 
 
 bv Foreignei 
 
 by I' 
 of al 
 
 all the pt 
 Plantations 
 reft down t 
 the neweft, 
 in the Catal 
 every occa(l< 
 terfcring to< 
 that we have 
 recciv'd fronn 
 liv'd in tho 
 IS, to (hew 
 (uveries and 
 
 It is iieec 
 tunih, or 
 ^'f tins Trad 
 iiiHigh to al 
 V\orld know 
 "g AmciUii, 
 iyllow their 
 pofl'cls'd of 
 law them tirl 
 that brought 
 tiles into /;,; 
 and Caotain 
 Imall Ships 1 
 />'<.i.'r/t;^; in I 
 cam; to was 
 
In 
 
 I.. 
 > where- 
 
 MI'S ii^id 
 
 .)',vn o! 
 ■;, by " 
 
 ".juiity, 
 ptll I'.iti 
 
 "BRITISH T>0M1NI0NS. 
 
 24.5 
 
 Winter is regii1;r and diort, and tfieSummfr al- 
 ways cool'd witii frefli Breezes. The Soil is na- 
 nirally fertile, und eafie to manure, and the con- 
 tniu i! TemiH-rattire makes the Trees and Fields 
 )>reen all the Year. The Btafls, Birds , and 
 Villi, are much the fame as in FiV^ /«/</, and lb 
 f(ir Timber und Fruit-Tree?, Plants, and other 
 common I'rudufI-. £//>i;p^ produces nothing bu! 
 what will grow here, either as to Grain or Fruit. 
 Sarlaparilla, Cafiia,or other Ibrts of Trees grow 
 in the Wtxids, v't^'ding Gums and Rozin, usalfo 
 fome Oil excellent for curing of Wounds. 
 
 Its principal Commodities are Beef, Pork, 
 Corn, I'eafc, Hutter, Tallow, Hides, Pipe-ftaves, 
 Hoops, Cotton, Silk, Rice, Skins, Pitch and 
 Tar. The Proviltons t.',encrally tranfported to 
 thelflands, the latter Ibrt to £»/',/.'W. Theyal- 
 fo tAlk muchof K/wfy-ji'i./.i, but no Wine of theirs 
 having as v^^t appear'd abroad, no more need 
 be laid of it. 
 
 The Nntivcs arc generally well made, hand- 
 fi>me, of good natural Parts, and much addift- 
 cd 10 Hunting-, their Skini tawny with Oiling 
 and being much expob'd to the Sun. Their Re- 
 ligion and Cuftoms differ little from the rirgi- 
 ni.ms, and therelore need not be repeated, and 
 they are like them given to drinking, but whe- 
 ther they learn'd it of the tuglifli , as fome pre- 
 tend, or had it of their own, is not worth dil- 
 putiiig, tho it be known, that in moft Parts of 
 Aiiieri(.,t that Vice was common before any F.u- 
 ropeans came among them. The I!:i1ory of the 
 Britiflj Empire fays, the converting of them to 
 Chriftianity is put off, for fear they rtiould re- 
 turn to the Ohedknce of the Sp.wiards \ a ve- 
 ry unaccountable Argument to obftruft tne Con- 
 verfion of Infidels. Having thus run through all 
 the Britif/j Dominions en the Continent, it re- 
 mains to acquaint the Reader, that what is here 
 faid of them has been colledkd from the bell 
 Authors, who have treated of them, for to pafs 
 by Foreigners, we have extra£\ed the kibihnce 
 of all the publick Accounts of Difcoveries and 
 Plantations in Kirglnut^ New-E-vglmiri, and the 
 rcll down to Cvrutiua^ ftill keeping clofell to 
 the neweft, the Particulars wliereof may be feen 
 in the Catalogue, omitting to quote them upon 
 every cKcafion for Brevity fake, they often in- 
 terfering too much one wi.h another-, bclides 
 that we have feveral Additions and Amendments 
 receiv'd from Perlons of Reputation, who have 
 liv'd in thofe Parts. The next thing requifitej 
 IS, to (hew with our uliial Brevity the firll Dil- 
 (uveries and Settlement made ui each of them. 
 
 Hiflorical Aaoutit, 
 
 It 1^ needkfs to argue whetlier the £«^//j*, 
 tumhy or Sp.iiiiirib were the firll Uifcoverers 
 of tills Trarf of land, each Nation having e- 
 inHik;h toalledg in itsi.iwn behalf, but all the 
 V\()rld knows th..i the SpM/i.trUs firft difcover- 
 "g Amoku, gave enceuragement for others to 
 iullow their b.xamiile , and the tngliflt being 
 poflcf'/d of thefe Lands , 'tis no matter wlio 
 i.iw iJKin firfl. To come to the Point, the firll 
 that broiigiit any good Account of ihefe Coun- 
 liK's iiiio Itiglivni were Captain PbUip Amnias^ 
 .md Cantaiii Arihiir /l.tilow, fitted out in two 
 iinall Ships ly the Procurement of Sir U'Mier 
 l<i.\'rit!,h in the Year 15K}. The firll laiidthev 
 cam.' to was liwiskcy and Landed ui aCouur.y 
 
 call'd IVinptindacta, between T'lrgitiia and Cho- 
 linit^ where they traded for Furs, SalTafras, Ce- 
 dar, and fome Pearl, with which they return d 
 liome, and giving a good Account of the Coun- 
 try, Queen Elizabeth gave it tlic Name of P'/V- 
 ginia, wliich Name was extended to the whole 
 Continent, now poflefs'd bv Eng'md , till par- 
 ticular Grants of feveral Parts made a change 
 of the Names of thole Parts, Their Succefs en- 
 courag'd the Adventurers to fit out feveii Ships 
 under Sir Richard Greenville, who arriving at 
 Koenoke Uland in 36 Degrees of North Latitude, 
 in the Year 1585, after Trading with the Na- 
 tives, left 108 Men on the faid llland under 
 Captain Lane, and return'd to Engla/iJ. Thefc 
 Men not being fupplv'd from England, as was 
 promis'd, were reduc'd to the utmoft Want, 
 and Sir Francis Drake happening to com.e that 
 way, he brought away as many of them as were 
 left alive. Sir Richard Greenville return'd to 
 Rocnoke after the Men were gone, and again left 
 50 more there, with Promifes to return to their 
 Relief •, but they were all deftroy'd before it 
 came, which was in 1 587, under Captain White, 
 who a third time fettled there, and after a 
 while leaving 115 Men m the Place, (et fail far 
 England to fetch Supplies, which he brought 
 in 1589, but the Men he left being remov'd, 
 and a fudden Storm difperfnig his Ships, they all 
 made the beft of their way home, and none wa* 
 fent for 16 Years to look after tholie Men, fo 
 that what became of them was never known. 
 
 The next that went out was Captain Go/hold 
 in 1602, who fell in about Ma(fachii]l'tt Bay, 111 
 42 Degrees Latitude, and thence fail'dtoCvpc 
 Cod, on the Coall: of New- EfigUnd , where he 
 Traded and return'd home. After him feveral 
 Ships let out, and traded along that Coall very 
 peaceably , till the Englifo wronging the igno- 
 rant Natives, gave occafion to the many Slaugh- 
 ters that enfued. In 1O06, a Cliarter of Incor- 
 porat' m and Donation of thefe Countries being 
 grail : by King Jantes to the Adventurers there- 
 ni nail, d, they lent Captain Nnvport with 2 Ships, 
 whoercfled a Fort at the Mouth of Powhatan 
 River, left kx) Men tlieve with all NecelTaries 
 for their Support, • iiich was the firll Colony 
 that took ttfcft-, Captain Smith was ^ b fent,, 
 by the fame Company, whom fome w.n have 
 to be the Settler of the firll Colony . 
 but that we leave to others to argue , anc) 
 proceed to what is known, which I's, that 5/w/*/^ 
 having tlie management of Affairs, ! iiilt a Fort 
 on the South Cape at the Moutli .f Clief.ipeak 
 Bayj call'd Powhatan James River, in honour 
 of tlie King, the Northern Cape Charles, and 
 the Southern Cipe Henry, from the King's two 
 Sons. Next they pitch'd upon a Place 50 Miles 
 up the River, where they ouilt that they talld 
 James-Tawn. Here they gatherd a v.id (uantity 
 of yellow Sand, with which they li 'ieil aShip, 
 and lent itiuxne, imagining it hatl been all Gold, 
 but found it to be inecr Dirt. Coiillant Sup- 
 plies coming from England, the new Colony at 
 jamcs-Town was enabled to lend out two otlicrs 
 of 120 Men each, and continued Hill 500 (Irong, 
 who not lonji after were tlirough Want, and 
 their Wars with the Natives , reduc'd to 60, 
 when fome other Ships arriving , they relblv'U 
 to quit the Plantation, and were all according- 
 ly gut onFoaiil when the Lord Vclanareami 
 With three other Ships as Governwur, and pre- 
 M III 111 v.tii'U 
 
 I il 
 
 ■^m 
 
 '■ 
 
 
 H 
 
 4 
 
 
 ■i;ll= 
 
 r- 111 
 
 I V'l' 
 
1^6 
 
 BRITISH DOMINIONS. 
 
 a! I 
 
 I 
 
 v;iU'd with them to return to James'7(ra!», where 
 thw'y fettled iie,ain. Sir Thomas Dale being Go- 
 vcniour in 1611, ftretch'dout and made a Sct- 
 tlemtiit, which is from him call'd Dale's Gift. 
 Thus they continued to increafe till the Year 
 :62i, when a Captain belonging to the Indian 
 Monardi Oppecancmonih being murder'd or kill'd 
 by the Enfliflj, the faid Prince in revenge form'd 
 a Confplracv with all the neighbouring Natives, 
 ai.d on a fudden cut otF 334 Men , Women, 
 and Children of the EngUfl), who had fir'd much 
 worfe but that an Indi.m difcover'd the IJefign 
 to them a few Hours before it was put in Exe- 
 cution. Thisput an end to all Improvements at 
 that time, and foenrag'd the £«A'//y/', that they 
 never gave over till they had utterly dclhoy'd 
 all the Natives, fo that there are now fcarce 500 
 Men left of thofe Multitudes they found there, 
 trom t!iat time the Power of the Planters in- 
 creafuij?;, and the Natives diminillung, all things 
 have goue on more furcefsfullv , till tlie Pro- 
 vince IS brouglit into the Condition that has been 
 Ihewji in its Place. 
 
 N'tiv-EiigLmti, which was calVd South Ftr^ini^t^ 
 afrer Captain Oo/wnW above-mention 'd, had Tra- 
 ded on tlie Coall, and I'everal Settlements enc'ea- 
 vour'd in vain, was for fome Years reforted to 
 by Ships from Ein'J.wd with gooil Succefs, for 
 Furs and other Commodities, and had the Name 
 of N,.'w-E>ifilMid given to it in the Year 1614, 
 by the Colony of North Tirgniij^ who for lome 
 Years carried on a piotitable Trade, tho' with- 
 out thoughts of lettlingtill the Year 1020, when 
 fome Independents firlt propos'd it, and Land- 
 ing over againft Rhode Illand, built the Town 
 or^AVii' /"/(/wflw/j in about 4:1 Degrees of North 
 Latitude, where the tiril Governour who had 
 been one of tlie Promoters of tlie Colony, was 
 Mr. julinCir-jcr. Soon after, one Mr. iVeJlon 
 difTenting from the rell of the Bretlircn , drew 
 (uchas wereof his Opuiion after him, and (ti- 
 tWA nWiymonth on .il.iij.tchujit'i Bay. A War 
 ciifucd W'th the Native?, upon the new Planters 
 at U'ly/iMiili uliiig them ill, wlio delhoy'd the 
 ",rearer Number, and drove the rell out of the 
 Country. Several other Colonies were from that 
 time lent to divers P.irts, which 'tis needlefs to 
 repeat, having nam'd them all m the Defcripti- 
 011. Id the Year i650,a new War brokeout wi;h 
 t!ie Lidi.im ., call'd I'tq.iuts., N.irrag:mtjcts, and 
 others about M.ilj ichnfets Bay, who were moll 
 of them dellroy'd, others oblig'd to Hy larther 
 up into the Country , and thole few that re- 
 inain'd, to iUbinit. Having tiius opprel'^'il their 
 Enemy abroad , they fell at \';'.riance among 
 themltlves on preteixe of Religion, the then 
 prevailing Humour, but llill the Colonies here 
 iucreas'd, abundance of the Kepiiblitan Gang 
 Hocking over, till tlv Rebelliim breaking out in 
 Lii'4-''"^ thev f^ot all ttio Power in their own 
 Hands, and then the AH. irsof the Brethren 
 throve am;. in. lii the Year 1672, a new War 
 broke out ivith the li/duws, which began in /Vv 
 Month County, and thence by degrees Iprcad 
 overall Ncvl.nt-Ji'/i^, lometimes one Party, and 
 Ibmetiiiics the other prevailing , and both fu- 
 ihiinnig great Lolles, but the Actions were not 
 tiHilideiable enough to deferve any particular 
 Mention. TliisV\ar lalled from 1672 till 1676, 
 when great mi.nbersol the Natives having been 
 cut oil, and many more iold for Slive-;, the linall 
 remainUer lubinuted , and Peace eniued. lii 
 
 1688, the Jndi.in War commenc'd again, which 
 was no more fuccefsful to them than the former, 
 yet they held it on till the Peace of Eiirupc was 
 concluded at Refwick. DtJring this time Sir 
 William Phips., Governour of New-EngLud, un- 
 dertook an Expedition asainft the French in C.t- 
 nada, where he loft abundance of his Men, and 
 came off with Difgrace, as may be feen in Lj 
 Hontiin, who was then prefent. 
 
 New-fork was firft cajl'd Nerv-NetherlMd! 
 the Dutc'o having polfefsVl themfelves of it, ana 
 fettled there, building the City of Ncw-Ai>ijh>- 
 dam^ now New-Tork, and feveral Forts up the 
 Country , but the firft Dutch War breaking out 
 after the Reftoration, and King Ourles the 2d. 
 having beftow'd that Country on his Brother 
 the Duke of Torky Sir Robert C.tr was fent thi- 
 ther with 3000 Men in the Year 1664, who eafily 
 polTefs'd himfelf of the City of New-jimltcrd.im, 
 and from his Royal Highiiels gave it and the Coun- 
 trv tlie Name of Nen-fork. Many of the Dutc'i 
 Iniiabitants remain'd there under the E/n^li/A (Jo- 
 vernment, as do their Children to this Day, tht 
 reft of the Country was ditlributed to /;>;<;////; 
 Planters, amoiu', whom nothing rem.irkable lias 
 happen'd fince ttut time. 
 
 Nerv-'Jerfey was firll pofTefs'd by the Swedes, 
 of all Ehrope.Ms, who built here three Town?, 
 call'd Cijri/Hn.i, Elfinb^'g, and 6airemb:ir)^ , and 
 extended their Plantations along riie River, but 
 made not any great Advantage of the;u, which 
 the piirch perceiving, who let llip no Oppor- 
 tunity that may turn to their Benefit •, they 
 cncroach'd fo far up.n them as to take PofTelli- 
 on of all the Northern Part of the Country, 
 which went by the Name of He,t\'ien. King C»i,let 
 the 2d mlerted this Country in the ijrant a- 
 bove-mention'd to his Brother of A'etv-Vurk, His 
 Royal Highnels transferr'd his Grant to Jo',),! 
 Lord Berkley, and Sir George Ctrtcrci the fame 
 Year 1664, who divided the Country into two 
 Parts, which are thofe now call'd E.i/r-'ferje), 
 and iViJhJerjey. The Lord Berkley, and Sir 
 George Cirteret'i Executors afterwards iliigii'd 
 over their Shares to others, who procur d a 
 Confirmation of their Patent from the Duke of 
 Turk in 1682. Moft of the firft Inhabitants that 
 went over from E/igl.wd were Quakers and Ana- 
 baptiltb, and to this Day there are but two 
 Church of Engl.ml Minifters in all that Coun- 
 try, where there have not been any Aftions that 
 merit the Reader's particular Oblcrvation. 
 
 I'l/iJylvMii.i may well be reckon'd ftill a Part 
 of the New-Netiierl.inds, as lying in a manner 
 behind Nav-Jcrfey, and having nothing on the 
 Sea but a Slip Along DeUrvare Biy, and the reft 
 all Inland upon the Kivers IJeLmiMa and i///'/« ;■ 
 h.Moiigh. Some few Engiijh had before It rag 
 gled thither by the way of iVewJerj'ey , but u 
 became not an ablolute Province of it fell, till 
 the Year 1O8' , when WilUitm ^MjEfq-, obtam'd 
 a Grant ol it irom King C,i tries the 2d, i.nd Iron 
 his own Name call'd it l'enjylv,vu.t. The Swedts 
 and Dutch iniubiting there, had before iiibmit- 
 ted, and were under an En^Ljh Governour, he' 
 ing ah.jut jooo Souls, but ihe Englijh very lew. 
 Ill lObi Pen went over, and carried with hiin, 
 or was immediately follow'd by 20do SouI>, 
 moft of them Qiiakers, he being the Head ot thole 
 People. As loin as thele People were a little 
 little.!, they built good Houles, and the Cit\ 
 l'h/il.i,telp'jia, winch tho' fo young, is one of the 
 
 I'.i' 
 
 HAviiig 
 Don 11 
 
 rtnt and \'„Ui, 
 (■•ft Part of .,-. 
 •"we Ihail pi 
 ^WbcguMii (. 
 
FLORID J, 
 
 24.7 
 
 Inlt in tlie Britipt Plantations, and indeed the 
 u!io!o I'nivince l-as throve for the time more 
 ili:in iiiiv otiitr, aiid is likely fo to d'", Ii.iving 
 never Iiad any VV.ir ^\•i[Il the Nit'ves, nor any 
 Dilhirhance amori}; the Planters. 
 
 j1'/.i>)!a /Iw'i'i alwavs reckon'd aPartofr',)-- 
 »:•>//? till ilieYear 16; 1, wlien King Chiles the 
 liill made aCiranttjf it toOeor^c divert, Lovd 
 H.i'tciiiore^ and t',ive ir the Name of M.iiyliud 
 ill iMiK-'ur of hib Queen iJ'nrirtt.i Af.iria, fot'iat 
 tlic firll dilioverv "f it may be (len under that 
 Province. In the Year 1653, [.c.n.ird C.iht t, 
 Efq-, IJrothir to the lord B.iltnnore, Jcrcn.y 
 Hiivley, and T'honiM Cniir.v.ilHf, Elif, carry 'd o- 
 ver the full Colony c*" about 200 Perfons,ftveral 
 of them being ("jentlcnr Mi of good I'.'.milies, and 
 Rom.in ratliolicks, who Iiop'tl they uiij^ht there 
 enjoy Liberty of Civnloeiice, wliith was refus'd 
 them in lvi;/}.i)ui. Comiiii^ to Vito-wmcck River, 
 the (jovernoiir call'd tlie South Point of it i'. 
 (ire^oyy'i , and the NvU'tll ^'. Michael's. Four- 
 teen lc.i>;iies hence Mr. Cilncrt fetup HCro's, 
 and took {'oniUion of the Country. Alter lail- 
 itig feveral le.iguesup tliat j^reat River lie re- 
 rurn'd to that he call'd .'>.("'(';_i;f'b, whidi iswitli- 
 iii 4 Leagues of tlie Month of /•'.jr«H'/;,f(/(', where 
 he prelentcd the Natives with Cloth , Axes, 
 H.ics, and Knives, which ihev accepted fo 
 kindly, that in return they refign'd him their 
 Town, then call'd lo.-ii/huo, and by him 5. Afa- 
 r/c, and both fides proinifnig to live friendly, 
 and make Sati^faiHon to one another if any 
 Injury were cfFej'd on cither fide, the (iover- 
 iiour took Pofleliion, and the Natives remov'd. 
 Being thus fettled, they fell to building of liou- 
 fes and a Fort, which they loon finillied, not- 
 withftanding lome of the firiiinian Planters en- 
 deavour'd to render them odious to the Natives, 
 From that time frclli Recruits of People Hock- 
 ing over, the whole Country was Planted as it 
 's at prefent, by degrees, without any War or 
 Controverly with the Natives. 
 
 C.-imlina being the Northern Part of Floruit, 
 it is necdlefs to contend about the firft Difco- 
 vcrersof it, when all who have read any tiling 
 of thole Parts, muft be fatisfied it was firft found 
 by [John Pome tie l.cou, a Sp.nitMti, in the Year 
 1512, who took PolTeliion, as the Form then 
 was and gave it the Name of I'iorid.i^ both on 
 account of Its flourifliing condition, and becaufe 
 he came upon it about I..ijhr, which the Sp.im- 
 ards call I'.ijqii.i tloridii. After this other Sp.mi- 
 ards made lome unfortunate Attempts to fettle 
 there, which diicourag'd oihers from proceeding 
 
 for fome time. Next the Fr.mh fettled there 
 twice in Oirclmt , but were ftarv'd out the 
 
 lirll: time, and the next exp-I' 
 
 tlie Spant- 
 
 <t.dt, from which time that Couiiny was never 
 attempted by any Eio-ope^w Nation, till in the 
 Year 166;?, King Chivies the 2d gave a Grant of 
 it to Ednardf Earl of Cl.rendon. George, Duke 
 of y}!he»:a le, W':l!iam Lord Cr.i-jv!.; Ivbri I orcl 
 Berkley, yiiithony Lord ^4lhUy, S}t Oeorf^c Ctrtc- 
 '■f', Sir iVilUitm Berkley, andSirJe/w Co!tito!i,md 
 call'd it Carolina. The firft thing thel'e Proprie- 
 tors did, was for the encouraging all forts of 
 Perfons to go over to their Province, to grant 
 entire Liberty of Confcience to all Religionsj 
 not only Chriftians, but even Jervs, Heathens^ 
 and others , only excepting that no Perfon Ihoulcl 
 have any Protecfion of the Law who was nor a 
 Member of fome Church or Profeflion. In the 
 Year 1670, the firft Planters went over and 
 brought the firft Plantations to Perfedlioii about 
 yllbemarlc,\nd Port-Royal Rivers •, but more Peo- 
 ple flock'd to AlMcy and CocperKi'icvs, which iS 
 accordingly beft inhabited, on account of the 
 conveniency of Pafture and Tillage. From that 
 time conftant Supplies have been fent, till the 
 Province is brought into the Condition already 
 mention 'd in the Defcription. The Receotion of 
 thel'e new Planters was peaceable, and tlie Indi- 
 ans continued fo till provok'd by the Cruelties 
 of thole People, they commeiic'd a "VVar in the 
 Year 1680, which had like to have prov'd the 
 Ruin (»f the Colony, however it had the good 
 Fortune to prevail , and ever fince has gathcr'd 
 Strength, But they hare been continually at vari- 
 ance among themlelves, and no Endeavours that 
 have been u^'d can ever let them right.In the Yeai: 
 1702, this Province undertook to make War on 
 their Neighbours tbn Spaniard.', and accordingly 
 drew together 600 ttigliji.; and as many Indi- 
 ans, commanded by Colonel Moor, then Gover- 
 nour. He did fome Harm in the open Coun- 
 try, and laid Siege to S. Aiigitjimc'i, Fort for 
 near three Months, at the end whereof feeing 
 two Spanifli Ships making towards the Fort, he 
 broke up in a Cmfternaiion, and march'd back 
 to Cbartcs-Totvn in Carolina 300 Miles by Land, 
 leaving his Ships and a great quantity o{^ Stores, 
 Ammunition, and Provihon to the Enemy. Since 
 that time the Province has continued full of 
 Broils and Confulions, which muft needs much 
 obftruft Its Advancement, and yet it has throve 
 as much as any other for the time, as being the 
 moft Southern, and conlequently the bell Land 
 of any. 
 
 "i^a 
 
 CHAP. V. 
 Of FLORIDA. 
 
 [ Confult the Map of Mexico. ] 
 
 Aviiig run throiji t\K French xnA J nglifl) Fn^liflj Plantations laft fpoken of. This great 
 
 HUoniinions, we toine next in Courle to the 
 >/' "..y/; , far exceeding them both in Ex- 
 tent and \'<ilue, as containing not only the great- 
 ell Part of Jiheriia, but tlie beft and wealtliiell, 
 wwe lliall perceive by the Defcription of them. 
 V\'c begin m Couric Witli Florida, as next to llie 
 
 Piece of Continent , including CmoUna already 
 mention'd with the Engljh Provinces, as being 
 one of them, and yet a Member of this great Di- 
 vifion, is feparated on the North from ISliie-Francs 
 and I'^irpui.;, by the yipalachidn Mountains, on 
 llii; Weft it Borders on the Kiiijidom of Neir- 
 M m m a Altxice, 
 
 :.v in 
 
24-8 
 
 FLORID I 
 
 \ 
 
 Mexico, and Partof tlie Old, bi'in^;thi' I'r'ivirce 
 o{ Nem-Bifiiiy\, on the South it has t!iiit ot P ■>- 
 w'.'foaiid theGiilphi)f Alcxico, and on the Eall 
 the Channel of Bahdmi and the Ocean. T!ie 
 Bdhfimt lllands which lie off the Eaft Coaft at 
 about 20 Lea:;ncs form a Ray winch our Sea- 
 men call the r-olph of Flo-id.t. It is known to 
 extend upon the Gwd, fri m 25 to 55 Decrees of 
 North latituck", hut what Height to allot it up 
 the lulajid is uncertain, that DUajvery not beini^ 
 etperfefted, foas todetermine where to ft-t the 
 imits of this Country and tliofc of Lnnifum. 
 The Maps it is true do lav them down, but that 
 is at Ple.iliire, as is praftis'd b', Time Geographers 
 in other Parts they know nothuni; of, which is 
 impofmg on thofe who feek for Infjriiiation. The 
 Length of it from Eaft to Well is about 5C0 
 I eaj;uos. 
 
 It is no lefs uncertain to pretend to divide tiiis 
 Country into Provinces, for tho' it be known to 
 contain feveral Nations, vet they heins', unson- 
 quer'd, we cannot allign them any true Hounds :, 
 for which reafon we fliall ccnteut our lelvcs with 
 firll (peaking; of it in General, tiien defcrihru; 
 the Coafts, and lallly, delivering fuch Account^ 
 of tiie Inland, as we fliall find among thole wlio 
 travell'd any Partof it. 
 
 We may well obferveout of /yf/>f;M, tliat the 
 Sp iiiiiii-clj, at full under the Name <>{ t'loiUi com- 
 preliended all that niiglity TracV of 1 and which 
 lies from the Cape of Wor/i/;, oppofite to Ci:li.i 
 in 26 Degrees to 48 Degrees of North Latitude ; 
 afcer which they again rellrain'd it to onlv tliat 
 P.ut, wliich lies between the fiid Cape and the 
 ytp.il.ichi.vt Mountains above r.iention'd, bat that 
 extent above ahign'd is wliat all (jcograpliers at 
 prefent aHow it. 
 
 By the Situation already mention "J, it appears 
 to lie alt witliin tiie Temperate 7,one, \et being 
 fo near the Tropic k ratlier liihjecl to Meat than 
 C'old, wliich With tlte many Rivers that water 
 the (jround, niake^ it infenour to no other Coun- 
 trv wl^atlbever fir i'leafantnel's and Fertility. 
 Much of tlie Coail i'. indeed Saiidv, but at a 
 fm,i!l dirtance from tlie Sea t!ie Soil is excellent 
 good, as appears by its natural Produft •, for with 
 t!ie leafl Trouble in the World it yields all Sorts 
 of Cirainand Herbs, and Grapes. Then for Trees, 
 not to fpeak of Pines, Cedars, Cyprefs, 1 awrel 
 and the like, there is all variety of Fruit grtnv- 
 iiig without the leail Improvement from .Art, and 
 tho' Wild . inoft delicious to tlie Taftc. Tlie 
 Meadowsabound in Grafs, a\\<S tlie Woods fw.irtn 
 wit!) Deer, Goats, lions, leopards, Wolves, 
 Harfs, Rabbets, and ieveral oilier Creatures. As 
 for Birds, tliere are inhnite numbers of Turkevs, 
 Partridges, Parrots, Pigeons, Turtles, Black- 
 Kirds, Herons, Storks, (Cranes, (jeefe. Ducks, 
 all Birds of Prey , and many others peculiar to 
 yl//iaic.i, the ir.oll beautiful in the World for de- 
 licate colour'd Featiiers. 
 
 The Natives are generally of a large Stature, 
 well lliap'd and of an Olive Colour. They (over 
 their Nakednefs with DeerSkiiis neatly fitted, the 
 rell of tlieir Bodies remainiiig naked ■, and there- 
 fore their legs and Arms are adorn'd with many 
 I'lgures, fj minted that they will not wear out ^ 
 tluir Hair mack and long, lor their Temper 
 they are lubtle, apt to dili'emble, but hold and 
 [our.igious, fighting witli Bows and Arrows-, 
 \yincl) lall they point with lilliliones, or lliam 
 Stones. The Women are in all Relpeils like the 
 
 Men, and their Olive C' 4our not natnr.il,but ra'u'il 
 by anointing with a Sort of Oil , wliich hartltis 
 their Skins againll the Heat of the Sun. All tlifir 
 Corn is laid up in Common and diltrihuted on 
 to every Family, according to its Number, the 
 whole Stork being lo co-^tviv'd as to I'ervi- hut 
 half the Year-, tho' the I ruitfaliier. of the '•ol 
 would \ivld much more .hai) thev liave occifum 
 for i hut they fow no tr.ore, and live the reft of 
 the Year upon Roots, di y'd Fruit, Filli and I klh, 
 mucli of which they dry to keep, and are vi-rv 
 fond of the Cmcodil, Melli which is delicious mj 
 Imells of Musk. Th common Drink is Water,hut 
 they are never witlioi;' a good Quantitv of a I,i- 
 quor thev call C;^«.;, 11 ide of the Fruit of a Tree, 
 and much v.ilu'd, not only by them, but by the 
 SpM/iMil.i^ f<jr provoM ig of Urine. 
 
 To come to the Sea Coall, we mud pafs over 
 that o{C,i,/ili>i:!j hetor; Tpokenof among tlie /:>i;. 
 hl/j Dominions, and begin at the Kn-er of /l/./'v 
 where that ends. Thence it runs South-well to 
 Cape .S". t'>.i:ni<, about 20 leasnies, in the niidll 
 of whicli Space is the Rivcr of Dolphins. At the 
 Cape it turns awav Well, forming another Ray, 
 25 I eagues farther to tlie Town and Fiirt of 
 S. M.iieo, a fnall Place polTefs'd by the S;:.vii.i,-J:, 
 whoahout 1^ I eagues to the Soutlnvard li.ive ano- 
 ther Town and Fort call'd S. A:u!'J}i>i^ wliiclitwo 
 fecure them the PofTeiiion of all this Coall, run- 
 ning down Soiitli as far as Cil'Ci..i dc It Af,iri\: ti 
 or Cape Afanyrs, in 25 Degrees and a IiaH", above 
 80 L<.agues, where the only PI ices of Note are 
 Bma Ae Afafi/:iitos, and Cape Cmh.ivci-.iI , tlie 
 firdan Inlet of tlie Sea to tlie Land, the other a 
 Head Land, witiiout any Towi's. From C.ii-'c 
 Af.trtyrs the Land flretches Well about 20 
 leagues, then North- wefl 120, in which Spicc 
 are tlie linall Ba\sot CiHos ., T.iuip.t, and i;>-ne 
 other luiall ones. At the Height Lift mentiou'cl, 
 the land winds a'.'.ain to Sout!i-well 45 leagues 
 formin-.: aiuitlier large Bay -, tl'encc Well to the 
 Bay and River cf the HJy (.'hosf, 80 Leagu.-i 
 more, and tlien inclines ap.ain to South-well, ji- 
 bovc ICO 1 eagues to tlie River of P.il/ns, whicli 
 parts it fro-.n the Province »f I'lunco. This i; 
 
 tlie Accv'unt wc ha 
 
 this Coall from all 
 
 .... the 
 
 Sp.iiiji. and Fio'ih Dilcoverer^, who have iu'eu 
 inoll upon it, whom we ihall Name in the Rela- 
 tion of their Difcoveries ■-, but it is lit here tooli- 
 ferve from/-". Hciriiep'.n, that he places tlie Mouth 
 of his great River A'fefchiijipi or Afr^iipi in th." 
 lad inention'd Part of tlie Coaft of Hurid.i, be- 
 tween tlie Bay of the HohGhoit and t!ie River 
 of S. M i:\d.dcii ^ wlience he with ReaCiii infers, 
 tliat It iiiuft be the lame , wliicii in our Maps is 
 call'd Rio Ff(ondida, or the hidden River, wliic'i 
 leems probable, if his Polition be true ■, but t!i,ii 
 all (icograpiu-rs hitherto have made the A';« / /- 
 ciiudido very finall, in Comparilon of that he de- 
 fcribes, and tlie efore this Point will remain un- 
 decided till loine better Information. 
 
 It remains to proceed to what can be found 
 more particula ■ among the Difcoverers. T he lirlt 
 of tliefe was Inhi I-'jinr de Leon, who after let- 
 ling in tile llland of >^. jnlj>i de Puerto Rita, being 
 ambitious of liudin.', ii>me new I and, failed tucn 
 tliat Illand in tiie Year 1512, with three S'ups 
 well provided for fuch an Uiid.nMkin^, auJii:- 
 rc'.iing hisCourIc to the NuJvweft, after pai- 
 fng by the Liiiiyi lll.iuds, on the jvl of Apy'd, 
 law Land in 30 Ije,^' > es and 8 Minutes of North 
 Latitude, and fuppoliui; it to be .in Utaiid, i'.avo 
 
ivcr, wliic'i 
 Init t'.vU 
 Ik- A'.'" >• 
 lll.lt lie tk'- 
 
 rciii.iiii ciu- 
 
 Ix- fdn'.icl 
 ■] be Ill-It 
 [10 after I'et- 
 Rica, being 
 failed tioin 
 three S'ups 
 , aiiJ iJi- 
 , ifter pal; 
 5.1 of /'(!"■. 
 tes of Nortti 
 llVniel, yvc 
 
 FL0K1T> A 
 
 it the Varnf of Floridit t!iat is Fleiwrv, or F!ou- 
 rifliino: . Iio'Ii i'l Re<^ird of it'- beautiful l'rufped>, 
 iiv; :iiM hf..,ire 111" clifcovei'd ir on l:i//er-D.ty^ 
 which fhf 5p wi.i-r!s call Ptif/:t:i HoriA.i. Running 
 nn flill futhfr thev r;imc to an Anchor in futli .1 
 ftrf^ng rnrrc'iit, that thoir Anrhors would fence 
 iiold them i xTf 'hereihev I anded and ereiffini/, ;i 
 jircit <"i''>'s, call'd the I'Lire from it A'/u deli -/v/t, 
 or the R"\'r uf theCrol's. On t!ie 8th of ,l^n' 
 thev pafs'fl Ca\k Flnridt, whiih tlu'v tall'd C.ih 
 dr Corrientes ^ of Cape Currents , hy Reafon of 
 the rtroiip, fe'tmri ,-f i!ie Water, and came to an 
 Archor mukr it, near the lndi.vi \'illa:;e of ^-Z- 
 /•..'/'>;. Oft" it lie thofe Imali Illand-., or Rocks, 
 which becaufe a.r a Dif^aitce they look liKe Men 
 i;npal'd , he nil''! , the yi/i'V)-'. I lavinj.; tlisis 
 run akm.", this Coaft Korth and Norlli-cail, lie 
 rcturn'd the fame wav he came, after forneSkir- 
 miOies with the N itives to thejil uid of S. IJw 
 Je I'tterio A';^, w'viice he had let out, believiny, 
 the Land he iiad difrover'd to be an Illand. 
 
 I.iir !■ Fifit::c! dc Allien (ail'd next from H'.fpt- 
 ritol.i, with a !?ell:;n to take loine /W.'.wj out of 
 the lllaiui'-, DDVvurk in the t Void Mines, and whe 
 ther bv Chance, or d.luv'-'dly fell in upon the 
 Coall vf Floridly in u Degrees of North Lati- 
 tude, at the Place th.'n r iIlM C>"f5/\7, and fi"ce 
 ,S". llde'i, bein?, a River m Carol ir.j. Tlie Inha- 
 bitaius w'-re ama/.'d to lee the SInps under Sail, 
 and Hed at the 1 andmj^of the5/f.;w/,!!(^.(, but two 
 of thcinbein;; taken, were well treated and lent 
 alliore clop.rh'd. whuli invited many of them to 
 come down and Ihow tlie Sp.miardi all they de- 
 lir'd-, but they having inveii^ted many Aboard, 
 fet Siil to carry them to the Mines. One (>f the 
 S'lips was cal\ away in its return, with moft of 
 the poor Indies carry'd away, and the others 
 dy'd. Yet /'/fvfireturn'd thither a.i',ain , in 
 Hopes of much Frealure of ('i>)ldaiid Silver,whcre 
 entrins; the River of 5. /-/c/om, one ofhisSliips 
 perifti'cl and :0T of his Men were kill'd aftiore, 
 which made him return home empty and dclpair- 
 ing of any good Sucrels tiicre. 
 
 In tite Year I52'),_ ^.:mphilo N'lrv.icz., nothing 
 daunted at the Difafler of Imc,i< r.ij/;iicz., and 
 liaving obtain d a (jraiit of the Emperor Ch.irlcs 
 the <)tl', to be Ciovernoiir of tlic 1 auds he could 
 difcover from the River of /'.;.'wf, liiat divides this 
 (louiury from A'nrSpiii/ to the liirthcft Parts of 
 F.ori4,!, fet Sail from the Port of X?i;/(.;, 011 the 
 South ('oaft o(CmI>i, with 4 Sh ps and :i Bark, 
 in which he had 400 Men and Ho 1 lories. Of 
 thelf lafb, the one half d\'d before lie came to 
 Land at C.dni dc t.i O/ii. There 'uariiu^ News 
 «\ Cjold.it ylpil'i-ht, he itiarilul that Way with 
 ?oo iVku and 40 liorie by 1 and, ordering the 
 Slips'') C. ail along, ylli'.v A'^wi C.dH.:.a de 
 r.iij, ti ■ Trcalintr, was ai;aiiill this F.nterpri/.e, 
 but N ir ;, ; I'eing rell'lv'd, tliey travell'd 15 
 Days without fiiKling any Inhabirants, or other 
 I'rovnion-, b;u l'..ii,:itos, iho' tliey took with them 
 but two l^iunds of [jisket and half a i'ouiid of 
 Uao-n a Man. .^t tl'c F.;;d they pafs'd a River, 
 vn the 'ithcr lide vvliereof tlie hidiutis relie d and 
 enteitaiu'd tlum loine l'a\s, and then travell'd 
 15 Davs mere, without tiiuluigany l;ihabitants \, 
 *iid lalllv, ratiie to ,■!■:. d iii:(, whicii Plate they 
 nitci'd by I oue, and found in it Store o\ hidim 
 Wheat, Skni ')t V\ ild bealls and Cotton Cloth, 
 l-itre thev ic)ntinu'd 25 Da.'i, and were feveral 
 fiires all'auUed by the Natives, who ihll rttir'd 
 ■■.'the Wg'.wU audMarllie^. ileiuv, by the Ad- 
 
 24.9 
 
 vice of a Caci.iue they had taken, they retiirn'd 
 to Auie^ in about u Degrees of North Latitude, 
 and alter lofmg feveral \len, to the Sea, where 
 having no News of their Ships, they contriv'd to 
 build 5 Boats, making Sails of their Sliirts, Vef- 
 fcls for Water of their Horfes Hides, and Ropes 
 of their Manes and Tails. In thele they rang'd 
 up and down feveral Davs, till they were fepa- 
 rated, and that which Alv.tr Nunez, was in pe- 
 rilh'd on an Illand, where theMenftay'd as long 
 as there was any thing to Eat. After which 15, 
 who oiilv remain'd, got over into Florida., ten of 
 tliem dy'd traverfing that vaft piece of Conti- 
 nent , and only Alvar Niinez. , and four more, 
 arriv'd at Inll in A'e^r Spain, who gave this Ao- 
 connr, for the other four Boats were never more 
 heard of. 
 
 Thefe Difafters m.ide all Attempts upon Flo- 
 rid t be laid afide for fome Time, till in the Year 
 1558, Fodiiinid dc Soto obtain'd of theEmpcrour 
 Ch.irles the 5tli another Grant for Difcovering and 
 Conquering of Florida, together with the Go- 
 vernment cjf Cuba. To this purpofe, he fail'd from 
 Hivan.t in Cuba , with 550 Horfe, and 900 Foot, 
 belkles a confiderable Number of Seamen, on the 
 1 2tli of May 1 5 39, and about the End of the fame 
 Month arriv'd in the Bay of Efpiritu Santo , or 
 tlie Holy GhoO, on the Southern Coall of Florida, 
 lying upon the Gulph ofAfexiio. There he land- 
 ed his Men, and had one JohnOrti:. fenthimby 
 the Caviqiie Mojctjo,\sho had kept him, ever fince 
 the Misfortune of Ntrvaez. , above-mention'd. 
 Upon his Information, that the Country higher 
 up was plealant and fruitful, he fent away all his 
 Ships, but four, to deprive his Men of all Hopes 
 of returning. 1 It left one Caldtron with 40 Horfe 
 on the Coafl, near the Ships, with Outers to 
 Hive no Offence to the Natives, and tlien adyanc'd 
 North-Nortli-eaft , throui;h a Country full of 
 Wild \ ines, Mulberry, Cherry and other Sorts 
 of Trees,and pals'd into a Province call'd Adtera, 
 lofing feveial Men in the Way , kill'd by the 
 Natives, who took all Advantai^es againfl him. 
 Thence he took due i^ rtli .',nd travelling 20 
 Leagues came to the \'illage o\ Ocali, of about 
 600 Cottages full of Grain and Nuts-, Sixteen 
 1 eagues farthir they came to the Province of yi- 
 t.ttmho, which extends 50 1 tagues , and being 
 pall it arriv'd at Oi/'if/«/f,and thiiiie to Apalachc, 
 the intended End of their Jonrney, where they 
 llay'd fome Days, fending one Party Northward 
 anci another Southward. The firft of which found 
 a plealant fruitful Cour cry and peaceable People -, 
 but tlie latter a barren Soil and little cultivated. 
 It being now the Month of Othber, Ferdinand de 
 Soto winter'd at ApaLuhe, fending Advice of what 
 lie had done to C/r/i.j. When the Seafon was pro- 
 per, lie advanc'd 5 Days march to the North- 
 ward to the Province Atalpaha, where he appeas'd 
 the Salvages, and was then kindly receiv'd -, and 
 proceeding 10 Days Way farther through a fer- 
 tile Land, arriv'd at the Territory of Achjlafuin^ 
 v.iiich was barren, and ill peopleci. Thence the'y 
 came to the Province of Cufadn and that of Cofa- 
 chiqui, wiiere they gatlier'd a mighty Qiiantity 
 of l\'arls, and thence to that of ,\;!j/./. Hereby 
 Computation it was reckon 'd they had travell'-i 
 410 Leagues from the Place where they Landed. 
 Hiving relied 15 Days at Xual.i, they turn'd off 
 to lii'.az..da, then tol'cLiaha, next to the Province 
 of Coj.ii, toTi;////.i, TafcalHi.a, /Manila, Ciicora., 
 Ciiicacolla , Altban.u, Cijijca , Capaha , x^.ji/nui. 
 
 ,'^:i>*|i. 
 
 ml 
 
 rtmt 
 
 INI-, 
 
 ■,* 
 
 •i 
 
 I'^iiiitj^ii 
 
."» w 
 
 250 
 
 N EW.MHXICO. 
 
 Ql'ii;i:.jt:i, CrI-ri.i, Ttd.i, fit.wz'i'i N leiifter, Cii.i- 
 ikuoy.i :\\k\ OH\:i.iltoin'.i , .i!^\vliicli PI.kin, arc 
 litre tiiilv iwiiicl, bccaiirt; \\w Kil.iticMi nl >Vifu's 
 Expeciition (;ivcsiio m.unu'r of 1 inht for lincliii!^ 
 their I'dfitic'ii, In the Lift of thi-fc IM.ires, the 
 G'n'criiniir Feiii.--r.ind lie S'lo cl\'cl, \v1k'ii he liad 
 loll t!ii' oiu' half of his Men imi tlie tvpeclition, 
 and left tlie ('oinmaiul of the Reft to I.nris <le 
 Afdfccfi de A'.v.V'iuhi. The Np.w;'. (/•</.( now much 
 ^jifconrai^'d with the Addition of thctiovernoiu's 
 Death to all their other 1 oU'es , rei'oW'd to citiit 
 rion'ili, and in A'«tf /'//'(>• cnne to that tliev call 
 K.o C!ia>itii\ or tlie (rreat River, ow wliuli they 
 built 5 Doats, and ImbarkiiH', on them and lome 
 Canies, ran down the River, biioi; loon purlu'd 
 bv ar leaft 5C00 Canoes full oUiidi.ms., who pour'd 
 in Cloiuls of Arrows upon them, and never ceas"d 
 thePivfait for ten Days, after whicli tliey tor- 
 bore, and the Spiiihirds came the 19th Hav ;il"cer 
 tliey nnbark'd into the Sea, reckomni; that tliey 
 1;.kI run down the River 8co 1 eai'ues, whith lome 
 look upon as labiilous, and \et irake ;:o S( rnple 
 to allow Hcni.ipiti tlie fame 1 eiit!,t!i upon hii Ri- 
 vtr Ai'ijdjijipi ., and yet we know not, whciher 
 this may nut be tl;e laine, or luppol'inf, it to be 
 Kiuither, with. t!ie Windings it may well bee<iiial 
 to ir. f5einn come to the Sea, tliey directed their 
 Co'irfc Weftward, and at laft enter'd the River 
 <;'! P.muio , whence thev made tlieir Way with 
 S.il'etv to the City of /I/iam", about the I'.iid of 
 t!i? Ve.ir 1545. 
 
 Tlie %i*;/.i,-</j (Ictcrr'd by t'lefe Miif 'rtiine?, 
 f.'rbrre fartlier Attempts upon l\oyid.i, winch the 
 fr< ,'th ii;xt took up, and John Rib.vdi in the Year 
 J S<>-i With twi) Ships vifittd that Coaft o( Hond.i, 
 \'. hull now we c.U C.i'<'/,/;.i,Aiichoring 3 l.ea>;ues 
 lip /'6/^f A'oj'i/, a; d runniiij^ up i; Leagues far- 
 
 ll 
 
 ur in Ins lioats. 
 
 Here 
 
 lij, made I'eace with 
 
 the Kanves, he built a fmall 1 ort, in which he 
 lett ;6 Men, under the Com,: ,iik1 of one yUkit^ 
 iind retiirn'ci to Fi\t>ac. Theie Men were linne 
 Tune maintain'd by theNatives, but their l-'ro- 
 vifioiisat leni;th failing, and no I'rol'pert appear- 
 ing of any Relief from /v.v;«f, thev, built a jjark 
 iiiul ftiipp'd iheinlelves iiiit, with what little Pro- 
 \ilioii tlie^ had, and venturing to return Home, 
 ^vereieduc'd to Inch Kxtreiuity as to kill one of 
 their Coirp.iiiy tt) cat hiin j and being taken up 
 ill this Diltrefj b\ an l.i:y.l.Jh Ship, lome of them 
 Wire L, n Jed on the Coaft of /•'- .wcc, and the left 
 carried into l-j,J,:tiJ. 
 
 R(UL L.w.dotiuic^\\,\% the next f>fwt/jAdventurer 
 in the Year 1564, and arrive! in jui:e at M.iy 
 River-, where the King of the Country, whom 
 they cali'd I'MiHoitiJi , met and fliow'd dim the 
 
 i'lilar created by Rib.t.ilt, and crown'd wi:h the 
 Laurel. In tlii;. Place he ereffed a Tri.iiuMii.ir 
 Fort, which he cali'd Ciyolnu-, and them e^lait 
 out to feveral I'art^, where he was infonn'd tlien; 
 was Cjold and Silver, vet fjuiid very little, aiitj 
 at l.ift wanting I'toviHoiis, coinmitted much Ra- 
 pine upon the Natives, to j'et as much a> wnild 
 carry hiin and his Men back to t'lMuc. Whilil 
 he was preparing fir his Ocparrurc, ,Mr. yo!„i 
 fliwkiHs h.ipiicd to come upon the Coaft, who 
 (old him .1 Ship ami I'rovifiuns to retuin I lome. 
 Juft at this Tune jnim Rib.iidt arriv'd again with 
 7 Ship", 5 of which were fent up the Kiver, and 
 immedi.itelv 6 .S^.i;////> Ships came to an AnchiT 
 near the otlier 4, who fnidiiig themfelves too weak 
 to witlilt.uid tli.it Force, cut their C.ibles and put 
 out to Sea. 1 he other ; comiiu', d(nvii the River 
 again, follow'd thein and were lurpri/.'d by a vio- 
 lent Storm, whuli wreck'd lijine of them 011 the 
 Shore, whil'll \.W- Sp.mi.tidi landing their Men 
 enter'd the lort, and put all they found in it to 
 the Sword, except l-iitdaiiiie ., who cfcap'il to 
 the Ships that h.id been lav'd , and got lafe to 
 hi.vne. 
 
 Dowiiikk Colli i,'!e.< took upon him next the Ku- 
 terpri/.e n( I'loruii^ and arriv'd at yl/./i/ River 
 with 3 Ships and zoo .Men, in yhig::j} 1567, and 
 I'urpri/.iiig the Sp ini.rds , put all to t!ie Sword 
 that could not make their I'.fcape with theCjover- 
 iiour :, but thinking hinililt ii.'O weak to keep that 
 Place,perl'waded the L:Ji.iii.< to deuvililli the i'orts, 
 and uturn'd luinrelf lale with his Ships to f,. nice • 
 fmce wliich lime the trench have not maiie any 
 coiillderable Attempt upon Fioridi. 
 
 Since tlieii the l.iifl'lij have pollels'd themfelves 
 of all that Coaft cali'd ('.irolin.iyHi. has been Ihow'd 
 above, and the.S'/).w..;r;.'x obferving how other Na- 
 tions nicroadi upon thei'- Difcoverits , to I'eciire 
 what remains on th.it I'^afterii Coaft, luve iliere 
 built the Town and l-ort of 5. yy.v.y/y//;/, in about 
 zg Degrees .iiid a h.ilf of North Latitude, and 
 that of S.A/.i)co, a little Higher, vrhichlalt was 
 attempted by the I '■[..li. , in tlie Y'ear 1705. and 
 formally belieg'd, but they wereoblig'd to delift 
 with ciHifiderable 1 ois. Thele two arc ail the 
 Places the >/)(/;;.;? I.'.' uollefs on that Coaft;, but 
 on the South Coaft wiiich faces the IJay of/i/f.v;- 
 (", and where none have made Attempts upon 
 them, till the laieof -I/c/v/^'. <^'f/.' .'^'.///f,iiieiiiiou'd 
 by thnuj),'!, tliey have the Towns ui Aih.il.iijue., 
 Ojj.niiilc^ /-Jiiriiiij,:.!, Cuii/ii.i, and Ibmc others of 
 lefs Note. In this Delcription of iLiid<i, we have 
 made ufe of Uerrcr.i, l.ici, S.wjii/i., and the Par- 
 ticular Relations of all thole Dilcovercrs alre.idy 
 meiitioii'd. 
 
 CHAP. VI. 
 Of New MEXICO. 
 
 Til I S m; ft. Northern Kingdom of the .'^pa- 
 iiif/j DoHMui.ins ni Aiiu,,L.i^ is of to great 
 an t:.tj:it, that they have not been able 
 in iie.tr ico Years liiice its hrft Dilcovery to find 
 out the utmoi't Uounds of it •, tho' we mull not al- 
 togeiiier aftigri its Cneatncis lor the Realon of 
 their making no farther I'rogref-, it in. but thtir 
 iuvir.g lo mueli l".:iiployment in we.ilthier Coun- 
 nies, and its runiiin^ lo far to tlic North, tiuit 
 
 bttlc Profit is tube expected from what remains 
 of it unknown, and the exceliive Cold, which de- 
 terrs People born in a Mot Climate from pulhiiig 
 too far into fro/,eii Regions. Yet is it wonderful 
 that they who m lels than 40 Years could Dilcu- 
 ver above 2000 Leagues in length from North to 
 South, both Inland and Sea Coall, ftiouUlnotiu 
 near 200 Years more penetrate to the utmoft li- 
 mits ol' this Kingdom. Whatever the Kcaibn is, 
 
N ElVM EXICO. 
 
 251 
 
 we tniift leave that for others to decide, and come 
 towlnit is known of it. 
 
 Its Roiders 011 the North, we are ftill ig- 
 norant of, ,is has been faid , nor can they be ex- 
 iiflly afcertain'don the Eaft any farther than by 
 faying it ioMis to Cmttda and Florida, whofe Es- 
 tent isi not yet aj^recd on ; Southward it joins t() 
 the Kinpdom ot New Sp.tin, or OU Mexuo and 
 its I'rovnires of hen- B. ft ay ^ C'liliacan, and CV«./- 
 /9<,and on the Well that which the 5p^w/.'>-t/* call 
 the f!ed »./, and we the Strei^'Ju of (.'.ilifumiii, 
 parts It Irum the llland of that Name. Toaftifeii 
 It a certani Lcnjith and Breadth, after what has 
 been faid of our Ignorance as to its Boundaries, 
 would be a Contradiction ^ however this may be 
 faid, that what has been difcovcr'd extends joo 
 I e.ifiues North from Anv-IHfoiy, and there is no 
 Kis I'.aft and Well from the Sea ufCiltfornia, to- 
 wards h'ionU.i and Ntw-I'r.iine. 
 
 Thf p.iriicu!.,r N,itions mention'd in the Gene- 
 ral Tabic of N.nch .-h/.titLii, arc not dillinguLlli d 
 from one anoiiicr by any certain Lunits, and the 
 iin.inuirtis havebnilt but few Towns among them, 
 t!;e Natives fmce the tirtl Contiuell being Submif- 
 five, and become like Native Sp:if/i.irils,n\\(\ fome of 
 the remoter Farts livmi', ni perfedt Aanty,tho'not 
 perl'aps ni entire Subject ion to them, till we come 
 to al'ovc 40 Decrees of North 1 atitude and 250 
 lA-agues Kail ward of the Sea oi Cilifoinia^ where 
 there are It ill Nations unknown, and thofc there 
 is any kno\vkd?,eof are in Enmity with all tu- 
 ropcan:. lor thele Rcalbns wclhall not give any 
 particular Table of Towns or Provinces, as in 
 other Countries we have exail Information of,but 
 proceed to tlie bell Accounts we can find among 
 tiic Spaii^ji Travellers, as was done in HoriUa. 
 
 The heft Delinntion weliave of this Country 
 is from h. yiloiijo ae BiniviUi's, who praited it at 
 Madrid in the Year i630,and is to this EflU'ft.Th- 
 Metropolis of Anp-yl-/tA';fw , call'd S.mtu t'e, or 
 ^'. t'utii!^ is m ?7 l)e>i;rees of North Latitude, The 
 way to it from Ncw-Bijtay^ is through the Pro- 
 vnice (jf the Cutuljos, parted from A''eu'-/<(/(i;_yby 
 the River of the fame Name. Next follow the 
 'fuh'/iiSt Itriiihiinimei, lipoMiet, Tomites, Suiiim, 
 J^a>io.<,M\d oilier Salvage Nations for an Hundred 
 leagues North and North-well , mufl of which 
 wire Salvage and Naked, and did the Spatimrds 
 rriuili Harm before they wcrefubdu'd.Thcfe hun- 
 dred Lragucs brin^ us to the North River, which 
 is very Larp,e, comes out of a lake in the North- 
 call, andatter running; above 250 Lea^iucs South- 
 weit, falls into the Strcight of Luitjunn.i, in about 
 30 Degrees of Nortli Latitude, and not into the 
 Gulph of Mexico^ as lome Mapsfallly reprefent 
 it. Krom the Hims abovemcntion'd, there are 
 about 100 Leagues rriore to New-AlcxUo, pro- 
 perly i'o call'd, travelling Northward, a little to 
 the Eall, through the Countries of the At.wjos 
 and Lnriut.'.i , who went quite naked, only the 
 V\omeii wearing Aprons of Ueer-skins, and f-.d 
 «n raw Helli, hut are fince civiliz'd and become 
 Chfil'tians. Ne:;; lollovv \.\vi ^-tpuches, a mighty 
 Katioii, of \shom more anon. Here we again 
 meet the North Kiver, where AVu'-yl/f.v;c-», pro- 
 pel 1\ lo iall'd,coniinencesrt:ici extends lOoLcaguiss 
 Northward, imm S. Antotiy of i.'«ct.'< , the tirll 
 Town ol li'.e Jii-oto.t, to the Lown ul S.jcrunie 
 111 the Province ot the Tm)u>, Lsicw-Altxtco^ pro- 
 perly lo uili'd, eoiiiain'cl leveral Nations, ni this 
 Older, at ilie North River begin the/^//»j, a 
 civiliAl i\oplv.-,clad,'J\vellin(;i!iHoulesandSub- 
 
 jeft to their Chiefs, and have abundance of /«(^i.»» 
 Wheat, other Grain and Cotton, tlie Soil beinp, 
 fruitful and the Air whokfom. Thechief Town 
 here is call'd Socorro^ that is, Relief, becaufehere 
 the firfl Difcoverers being almoll familh'd, found 
 Plenty of Provifions. The Tcb.is are next, inha- 
 biting 15 Towns, then the Qiicres 7, and next 
 the Jompires 1 5, the Chief of them call'd Chilili, 
 Farther Northward are the Tanos, in 5 Towns, 
 and beycmd them the Peici* in one great Town. 
 Seven leagues Weft ot them is the Metropolis 
 call'd Santa Fe, where at firft only z%o Spaniards^ 
 not above 50 of them Soldiers, kept all this vaft 
 Country in awe , only by the Terror of their 
 Name,but their Numbers are fince vaftly increased 
 not only theie, but in all the other Towns wc 
 mention. Befides, that all thefe Nations arc be- 
 come Chriflians, have quite forgot their Barba- 
 rity, and are become perfeft Spaniards. Not far 
 from thence towards the North River,from which 
 we had flepp'd afide, live the Teoas in 8 Villages, 
 being the firft that imbrac'd Chriftianity , and 
 moll pafVionate Lovers of the Spaniards. Weft of 
 them are the Hemes, and to the North of thefc 
 the Picmies, and beyond them the Taofiis. Again 
 Weft of the Qiicres is Acoma , a ftrong Town, 
 on a Rock, and 30 Leagues Weft of them the 
 Zumis in 12 Towns, and at the fame Diftancc the 
 Maijitis, all of thefe now Chriftians*, their Lands 
 fruitful and abounding in Cattel and wild Beafts, 
 as do their Rivers in excellent Fifh. They have 
 fuch an Art in Taming of Stags, that they make 
 them draw Carts. The Summer is exceftwe hot 
 and the Winter lb cold, that the Rivers are Fro- 
 zen over. All this Country of iVfip-yWf.v/co pro- 
 perly fo call'd, is near encompafs'd round with 
 the numerous and warlike Nation of the Apaches^ 
 dirtering from all the other Natives in Language, 
 living in Tents, without Houfes, and removing 
 up and down, and clad in Deer-Skins. They have 
 many Wives, punifhing Adultery by cutting off 
 the Ears and Nofe, are fubmillive to tlieir Supe- 
 riours, careful in inftrufting and punilliing their 
 Youth, which others do not, and lome of them 
 adore the Sun and Moon. The Spaniards dillin- 
 guilli tliem by fcveral Names. Thole next the 
 Pires they call Apaches del Pcrille, the next North- 
 ward of them. Apaches dc .\Ua., the others ftill 
 North of thele Apaches de Navajo , the Extent of 
 whole Country is not known-, and laftly thole 
 on the Eaft Apaches l^aqneros, or Cowherds, be- 
 caufe they have great Numbers or a fort of Cows, 
 that have large liunches on th<"ir Backs. Palling 
 on 112 Leagues through the Country of thele 
 lall we come to the Xmi.oiui, Xapies ana Xabotoas, 
 near whom, on the Eaft are the Aixais, and the 
 Province of iMi-jira ^ from which to the Bay of 
 i\Jliiritii Saiito, in Florida, the Sp.miards, who have 
 travell'd it reckon but too Leagues. Thisfliews 
 that eitiier tiemicpin is much deceiv'd in making 
 the Rio tjcondido^ov hidden River, to be the lame 
 with his Afej'chajipi, that River lying between 
 the Bay of h.jpintuSamt & fMtivira, or el le that 
 lie impofes upon the World in pretending the Na- 
 tives along it knew nothing of the Spaniards, or 
 that thele were unactiuaiiued with that mighty 
 River. Belides, be the Alcjthajipi where it will, 
 the Spa/iiardi, who have travell'd all Florida from 
 Eaft to Weil, could not be ignorant of lb great i 
 Stream. But thefe are not all the Improbabilities 
 in h;s Account, and it is not our Uulinefs now tu 
 purlue tliem. 
 
 Tbi« 
 
 ^fii^iill 
 
 I'lVi'-: 
 
151 
 
 NEfKM EXICO. 
 
 Tins nefciiptlon is rliiefly taken, as was fiiid at 
 firrt frnfTi F. Alonfo de Htnivittei, with c)iily (inne 
 fmall Aclilitions from others, wlio travcll'cl there 
 as well as he, and fomc later Aciomits^ about the 
 Improvement ofthat Conqueft, fome wliereof may 
 be i'ecn in Laet , iome in J/r, rerii, and others fince 
 them. To come now to the Dilcoverersi f. Afirk 
 de Nizjt^ a Fmncilhuu with oiilv liis Companion, 
 aBlick, mid Time luai.mt tluit ("poke .s> »//A (it 
 out from the Province of r;//;(,(r,j«, \n New-Spnin, 
 in the Year 1519, and travtll'd 60 leagues, keep- 
 ing towards the Sia to /'cMz/^w, every wliere ci- 
 villy ciitertain'd by the Natives, and advanc'd 30 
 Leagues farther on the Coaft , witlwut meeting; 
 any thing remarkable. Then trolling a Delart ot 
 four Days Tourney.he came into a Country, whofe 
 Natives receiv'd him with much Refpeft and 
 Admiration, and proceeding four Days farther, 
 through their Territories arriv'd at l^accia, 40 
 I c;itiues from the Sea. Having lent the Black be 
 fore h'm to the Nonliward, Tie here receiv'd a 
 MelTa'^e from him, with a mighty Account of Ci- 
 iuln. which was jo Days Journey from him, and 
 ih it three great Kingdoms rall'd Ahnita, Aiiu 
 and Toiiteoe ., in the laft of which the hidiavs faid 
 there was W oollen Cloth made. He was inform'd 
 that in Ciioli tliere were 7 great Citief, the Houfes 
 all ol Lime and Stone, and many other Things 
 which had not been feen in tliol'e Parts. Some of 
 thole, who had been fent before with tlie Black 
 return'd and reported that he and t!ie rell had 
 been kill'd by the People of QboLi , wliereupon 
 the Indians with F.Mark refus'd tj proceed any 
 farther i yet he reported he did himfclf, and hav- 
 ing lecn a great City at a Dillance, return d to 
 his Company, and with them to j\c:v-Spuii. 
 
 This Relation caus'd Don Antoni" dc A-feiidoz.^, 
 Viceroy of A/ie.v/co , to order F>..ra< Cifqiici. de 
 Curnado^ Governour of New-G.ilnia, to take a 
 Progrefs into thole Countrie'. Accordingly he 
 fee out with i5oHorH', 200 l-'oot , fome Held- 
 Pieces,aiid abuiuiance of i^rovifn-ns, m .-LtiI 1540, 
 and traverfnig tliol'e Parts F. Alirk de AVw had 
 (ieicrib'tljCame Into ihe Province (,f //«(tj,./«, five 
 Days journey kom Cih'li, when- he found 7 iV 
 pulous Towns, which might p:(ls lor the 7 Cities 
 /'. A/.t>k Ipoke of. All lie Way as far AiCiboh^ 
 all the Rivers run to the Wdhvard, and doubt- 
 lefs fall nito the South Sea. Thence they pro- 
 ceeded to the River Hue.v, on whole Banks llierc 
 are 15 Towns ni the (p«t of 20 Leagues. After 
 being fome Days malitioully milled by an Indi.m 
 tliat was their (juide, and let right bv another, 
 r-jytf/Ti left the reft of his Company behind, and 
 with only yj Hjrle travcll'd ?o Days direftly 
 North till became to a little River, which he 
 rall'd S.Piter .Did \ P.uil. whence taking a Com- 
 rafs to iJiiivir.i, and to the Company he had left 
 neliiiKi, he iiiadr hib Way home again, muchdif 
 fatisty'd, for thai he had found Nothing of what 
 he cam; to look lor. 1 he feveii Cities of Cibol.i, 
 whicli he law, and gives t'le \ icc-roy an Account 
 I'i", were nothing liKe what F. Aluri lud repre- 
 fented, bur only 7 linall Towns, yet the Houles, 
 he lay.-., WK.re three or four Stones high, with 
 Cellars under (iround, againll tlie excellivc cold. 
 The Towns are about 4 Leagues dilhint from one 
 another, IWiiie bigger than others. The Inhabi- 
 taiits proper vvelllliap'd Men, who cover their 
 NakidiTefa liightly, and wear Clo.iks of lt:veral 
 Colours. TheCoiiiury is very Cold, molt Plaiu, 
 with fome few .Mountaiiw, 'J'onreu,vihkl\F.Murk 
 
 took for a Kingdom u only a lake-, All Sp^iniflj 
 Authors agree, that ^hiiviiaii in 40 Degrees of 
 North I atitnde. 
 
 After frj/jz/ei, F. AHinJlin Ruiz. , I Fr.meifcan^ 
 travell'd about 250 1 eagues direflly North from 
 the Province of the Mines of S. Biirbirit, m New 
 Bifcty to the Province of the Ti/^H"', where a Frier 
 being killd by tlie Natives, fome Soldiers that had 
 attended them return'd hame , but F. Amnflin 
 venturing to proceed farther, was never heard 
 of. The Report of thofe who came back mov'd 
 yliiloiiy de Ejpcjo to undertake an Expedition that 
 Way With an Hundred Horfes and Mules, a goocl 
 Number of Men and all Neccflaries. He pafs'd 
 the Cn/nhos , l'af]ae,Mtes , Tobofos , Jmnanes , or 
 PiitarAmyt! \ wliich lalt has good Houfes built of 
 Stone. Thence they pafs'd into the Province of 
 A'eii'-/l/e.v»co, properly fo call'd, where they were 
 kindly receiv'd in g(K)d Towns, where the Houfes 
 were Large, fonr Stories higli , and well fenc'd 
 a^amft the Cold. The Natives were all clad in 
 Ctitton and Skins of Hearts , and what was not 
 ulual in the adjacent Parts, wore Shooes and 
 Hoots made of the Skins of Wild Bealls, and of 
 N eats- Leather. The Women* Hair was rurioufly 
 comb'd and platted ■, but they had no other Thing 
 on t!icii Heads. Every Town had a King, and 
 abundance of Idols , which they worlliipp'd as 
 well in Piiblick, as m their Houfes. The Coun- 
 try is Mountainous and W(xxiy, but well culti- 
 vated. After relting here four Days, they pro- 
 ceeded to the Province of the TigitM, and upon 
 the Report of fome rich Countries Eaftward, tlie 
 Commander, with only two Men went two Days 
 farther to a Province, in which there were eleven 
 Towns, which having view'd, he return'd to his 
 Company and they all inarcii'd together to the 
 Que,eSy above-mention 'd,and through the Ctmnmes 
 to Zuini., or Cibili, where ydquez^., before fpoken 
 of. had been. Here F.lpeio found three Spaniards 
 left bcliind in that Expedition, who gave him an 
 Account of a rich Country bo Days Journey from 
 thence, and tlie Company being unwilling to ven- 
 ture l() far, he witii only 9 Men fet out that way, 
 and at 20 Leagues dilhuice Weflward came to a 
 Province, where he was courteoully receiv'd, and 
 prefented him with 40000 Cotton Cloaks and o- 
 ther 1 hiiigs , wliich he lent away with 5 of his 
 Men and Iome Judiiuu , and ventur'd to proceed 
 himfelf with the other four , and travelling 45 
 Leagues found the Silver Mine he had been told 
 of, being a very rich Vein , on a Mountain of 
 eafy Accefs, and tlie Natives about it Courteous 
 and good natiir'd. Having made this Difcovery 
 he return'd to iiis Company at Cibola, and thence, 
 after Iome fmall Excurlions to Nerp-tiijcay. 
 
 In 1599, Don John de Onaie (el out trom Afexi- 
 CO, with 5000 Perfons of both Sexes and all Ages, 
 abundance of Cattle and all other NecelVaries, and 
 luhduiiig all thofe Nations lying dirertly North- 
 ward, whicli have been already mention'd, took 
 the Ihong City of Acoi,..t by Fcu'ce, and laid it 
 level with the Oround. Two ;a!ier great Cities 
 fubinitted to him, and herelblving to keep what 
 lie had gam'd, built a new Town and call'd it 
 5. jtt/jw's, where he dilcover'd rich Silver Mines. 
 In 1602. he undertook another Expedition this 
 Way, and palling beyond the North Kiver, found 
 the great Lake of Conibas, on the Banks whereof 
 was a valt City 7 Leagues long and 2 in bre..dt!!, 
 and hill ot ftately Struiitur.s , but all of them 
 parted from one another by Imall Woods, iin- 
 
 den.', 
 
ME XI CO, Sec. 
 
 ^U 
 
 Afexi- 
 ill Ages, 
 ics, and 
 North- 
 d, took 
 cl laid it 
 It Cities 
 ji what 
 ciU'd it 
 
 Mines, 
 ion this 
 i-,t'ouiid 
 whcreot' 
 ircadtli, 
 ot tbem 
 Is, e/ii- 
 dciii', 
 
 dens, and fometimes Dit(hes. The Natives be- 
 ing all here gather'd in the Market- Pbre to de- 
 fend thcmfelvcs, the Commander did not think 
 fit then to Attack them. Vrom this Time the 
 Sp.*niards continu'd to undertake new Expedi- 
 tions into all Parts of this Country , till they 
 
 entirely fubdu'd it J and are now extended to 
 almoft 45 Degrees of North latitude. This 
 fliews, as v»as hinted before, that Hennepin mag- 
 nifies his Dilcovery, and fo docs UHohuh., all 
 the Wertern Parts they pretend to have found 
 out, being long before known to the 5p.w/»ar4/. 
 
 CHAP. VII. 
 
 Of the Kingdom of N E W-S PAIN, aivided into three Governments, 
 viz. GUADALAJARA, MEXICO, and GUATIMALAj 
 
 IT is to be obferv'd, that as we divide J^me- 
 rial into the North and South, fo the Spa- 
 luards, make only two \ iceroylhips of all 
 their vafl Domini<jns in thoft Parts, all the other 
 Governments bciiif> fnlxjrdinate to them. Thefe 
 are the Vicerovlliips of Mexico or New-Spiin m 
 • the North, and rint'in the South. The firft of 
 tiiTc which we are here to ipcak of, comprehends 
 all we have i'pokcn of in the North, and thence 
 down to the Streight , or Iftlimns of P.manui. 
 
 What has beer dturril'd needs no Repetition, we 
 come novv to that, which is perfeftly known and 
 entirely Cubdu'd, being the Provinces, from Nem- 
 Mexico and Florida^ on the North, to the afore- 
 laid Ifthmus of Paitam,!. This, tho' under the 
 Inlneftion of the Viceroy, is divided into three 
 Dirtrifts, or Governments, caird^«<<i«wi<«, that 
 is. Sovereign Courts, which decide all Matters 
 wnatfoever, whether Civil or Criminal, and this 
 is done lor the Eafe '>f the People, whoelfe would 
 N n n be 
 
 k 
 
*H 
 
 MEXICO, Or, 
 
 l>e ohlip,'d to rrp.tir to tiic City ui Mexico from 
 therctiHXeft V.irt^ upon all Smn •, whereas bv tlii» 
 M*fliH thev 'i-'"* Sovtfti^n CiMitts to decide all 
 CoiitroverfKS.iiml diieOallAlfairs relating tu tlie 
 ("iovciiiin*nt, witliJDA Reafo;uble I^illaiicc. W\t 
 tlii« DiftrirtsCoiiits, or (jovtri miitsarc thuls 
 ol (iiuciilii ii 1^ A/exiio, aiul (iii.iti//:,il,i, (if tlie 
 firft wliereof unly we iuc to fpeak in tins 
 Chapter. 
 
 Tnis y4:tiiinwii, Diftrirt , or Soveren'.ii ^'"Hft 
 n((.iii.t4il,ihir.t, is the moll Nortlitni of tin' tliree, 
 txifdcriPij Niiriliward on tlu- Kingdom nf X.w 
 Mrxicn ■, on tlie Ealt it lie^ a!onn I'art of K«»t <<//, 
 and die i'jovincu of tmMo , bcloM<jin^^ |o tlic 
 
 r^- 1 S y>. Ill in. 
 
 Ciiialoa. ^^_ ■i;^i;-p^^ ^ smiigo, 
 
 ' Culll.lCMI 
 
 ( Cuhi.ictui 
 -I , jAf.icn.i, 
 
 ■"'"»""• Vs. /I /.;<,/.., 
 
 ' Qjliiiull, 
 
 ay. < .">. .///."■. 
 (. I tidehe. 
 
 I. 
 
 Qjihiul. , 
 SmHu n.ifb.ir.t. 
 
 New-Bifi 
 
 Zacatec.is. 
 
 \Xeiei ill Li Front a.!. 
 ) F.llerni.i. 
 \ K,Jii:brc (te Dios. 
 
 > 5. jM.irtin, 
 
 Ciiialoa, 
 
 The mod Northern Province of this Govern- 
 meiu, and llretchni^',o:tt fattlicll to the Weft, has 
 the Giilph o[' ('.ilijoi/ii:! on thia and |i,i>t of the 
 Soutli Ikle, t!ie I'rov. ofC"«///./f<;// uii the other Sou- 
 thern fide, .Mid the Kiiii^doin of Af'rir-/l/'f.v.Vo ou 
 the Ealt :ind Norrli. Its Situation is between tlie 
 :7th and the ;ot!i 1 ).-i'reesof Nor'h l,atitLide,and 
 the I cntitli Nor>'"\vtit and South-call abont ico 
 lt.:i^nvS, tlie ti;ie itelt Breadth not 40, and much 
 jel^ in otliL-r Parts. 
 
 On the Eall lide it is bounded by a P.idgeof 
 hip.h and crag^jy Mountains, call'd Tipcrfwn. A- 
 Ciols It rnw leveral frnall Rivers, alon:; wliol'c 
 Hanks the Natives live in X'lllaties, for theCosi- 
 venieiuy ot ^'illli t',. The Air is Icreneand whole- 
 f.MiK, and the Soil fertile, bearing idllorts ol 
 hint and Grain, particularly A/i//"' ^Vheat, as 
 alio Cotton, wherewitli the Natives cloatli'd thein- 
 (elves after the Aftxiiitn falbion.hoth Sexes wear- 
 lit; vcrv long Hair, bein^ a m!l, lully, and war- 
 like People , formerly ufiiii'. Bows and poilon'c! 
 Allows, as alio Clubs of a very hard Wood, and 
 Kucklers of RedVV'owl. The Sp.vii.trds found 
 u;U(h Diificultv ill lubdiiinR them, but th.ey have 
 been loni; liiuv hrout^lit under and converted. 
 
 1 lie full Town tlie Spivu.ircis built Iiere was 
 i.ill'd ^'. J/;.w , or S. juhii oj Ciii.do.t^ on a finall 
 River, that runs into the Giilph ot C.dijorni.i., 
 "wliieli went to Ruin, and was aiiaiH reilor'd by 
 h'r ncj lie Ikirra, it) the Year 1 <j54 •, vet t!ie !"iit'- 
 ficultits tliCA met with had aUiM.il: aeftiov'd this 
 lecoixl Coli;ii\,, l>ut that it was lupported bv coii- 
 luitl Supplies rrointt//«;t w. After tlie Uttlin;; 
 of, thid: Town they founded ■ another , nearer 
 to tht lioie'trs of C///.j.iti;« , by tlu Name of 
 i. Philip, AuA y.'ciib i of both which there, is not 
 any Thiii;^ particular to fi^, nor are there any 
 others of No'.e but Imall open Places, like Villa- 
 ges all inJubiicd by the Natives, The Subllaiue 
 
 Cjovernmcnt of Afexuo; on the Sontli of n {« 
 Afttbo.ie.M, another Pi ovniro of the li.ine Govern- 
 mint, and on the VStll the Sonth Sea .,nd Gulp!, 
 of (.jlifdi'ii.!. The ^leateU Extent of it .i^^,^ 
 the iea Coiifl,North well and South-call, M.,bo' J 
 :.Q0 luuiues-, froir Eaft to Wel>, in the !arii,cll 
 Pl.ice it j\ref( lies not riviji lei-, but the N'oi tv:! , 
 I'art, which IS the wliole Prrwince of CV;/,//«,,, j, 
 vcrv narrow, and lio;ii tlieSouih Part of AV;;-. 
 Jiijiiiy it narrows ai'.ain apace, the Shape of it 
 beini', very irrei^ular up the Inland, and theCoiil 
 |ormuii;a How. The Provinces it is divided mtj. 
 with then Principal Towns, Hand thus ; 
 
 Chiametlan. 
 
 Xah 
 
 Ci'. Stbtijh.ui. 
 ^Chianietliin. 
 C yif^iiM .ira. . 
 ' A. ;///(.». 
 J Viiripi.C'^/,: 
 
 i'i>/iip',/ii!,i. 
 
 'dll.lddilj i,-.l. 
 l.Jli'.ritn S.ifj!'j. 
 (ill ix.ic.irlii/, 
 S. M.tr,,! </e las [.;igi):, 
 II J '^- 'p'>- U'o, 
 
 Guadala).kra.< /■ ;,:„„v,^-„, 
 
 I ■ (if.inunot.i, 
 
 i ■ , A'/( IjiJImi. 
 
 I Afilnyil.iii. 
 
 L/.'i.' ■-..;//.«/. 
 
 'jf which Account we have from F. Afurim I'lrez, 
 a ytjiiitt, the rell from Hey>ci-,i, S.infon, &c. 
 
 Isiinio di Giu/nM dilcover'd this Province in tlie 
 Year \%v., and /"oinul i^ very Populous Towns, 
 in wiiiih he w:;s oblij^'d to ftay 4;0avs, by re:i 
 fonoftheroianual R.i.iii •, b:iiii;inaintain'd witli 
 all his Mei> durini- that Time by the Native 
 upon N'cMilon and fowl, till tliey (4r,.win;;w. 
 ry of tlieir Giu-lls, fled into the adiacent \Vo.)d> 
 and Mountains-. Hein;, thus forl'.iken, they tra- 
 vell'd to the Soutiiward, throiMli a very dfi.irt 
 Country, in whii'h rlie" often futler'd mucl; ;■ 
 V\'ant ot V\'a'cr and ! rovillons. This and :'.■ 
 Dirlicuky ol palling tlie Muiintains toward) ilie 
 Inland, as :'.l(o tlie Ihitkiielsof tlie Wootlson tlie 
 Sea Coalt, obli^'d them to return tot' id a mm: 
 
 ■ Ciiluacan 
 
 Joins iiL\t on the Suuth-eaft to GW/j.'j, which 
 is its Nortlieni Boundary, with foine little Skn't 
 of t\\c C'iKiboi -^ on the tLall is A^cw-Iiik.iy, and 
 tlie X «■</.-( ^.' :, .111 the Sionih CjiuMehl :/i, and 0:1 
 the Well the ^liilnh of (.'..7./),f.;.» , its Situatini 
 beiiu", between 24 ami r.S Def^reesof North ' an- 
 tilde; the I enL,fh about ()0 1 .eat;ues , aiv., tl:: 
 Lireadth 5c, hc\>\^ near an obloii;; Square. 
 
 N,i:-o dc Caun.ii above inention'd , dilbivc.'!-',! 
 this a. well as the lall Province, and liibdii'd i'. 
 Ill the Year 15U. He iound tlie Houfes here dit- 
 fereiit in their Way of huilaiiik^ from all other 
 Parts, ,jnd in the Coriiefs of them lleai-s nf 
 S;i.;ke*, (IretcliiiiiJ out their i!e.ids,"aiid gwW'J, 
 \\ any Body ra my n-ar ilicm, but without d.iiui^ 
 any ifinn. Tliefc thv Native- woiilnpd, beeaak 
 tlie Devil u^M to appear to thein in that Sh.ipe, 
 huweverthey h.indled, and lometimes k<\ njj.'u 
 tl)-.-m.lhe Wo.nen were iia;iJloaie,uid 'Iiere b.nij, 
 ^reat Plenty ot Cotton , both they and the h\:\ 
 were clad 111 it. Mod of the lo.vns or \ ill.'. 
 ues weic Delart, tlie liihabitauts bein^ried. At 
 Kii^thhc ca;iie to a Kner, where he )a\va iV'eit 
 
 .\iii!t;- 
 
NEIV.S PAIN. 
 
 155 
 
 Multitude of Women, and therefore he ciill'd it 
 Kio dc liii Afiicerei, or the VV<>iiii*ii's K ivcr, wl'ii li 
 g.ivi; < Vcafiiiti to tho f.iMe of Amnens Uvnu', in 
 that Coiintrv- Hero were v^'ry thiik WoikIs, 
 where the IVnplc had their \ ill.mes and often 
 eiuounter'd the Spaninrdi^ killing manv of them. 
 When thev lud travers'd the whole Province aiul 
 fmind nothing in it of \ aliie, hciiijj nuiih (Ireij'lu- 
 ned for Provifioiis, tliey rcturn'd to Chi.ueil.w. 
 Nmio lie (iitLm.iu having thus taken a \ iiw <[ 
 the Countrv, gather'd a Number of I'cople uiiJ 
 Cattle, and built aTown, whiilihe cali'd .*>. ^1 - 
 rkirL on ilie Kiver he had nam'd dc l.u Afi(ge>e.i, 
 or of Women, in 25 De^^rees of North latitude •, 
 hut it was afterwards remov'd fome I eajjues. from 
 thence, and two from the Sea, to a Nalley cali'd 
 f/o> libit, bccaufe it abotnids in I'aflure and all 
 Sorts of Fruit. This is 80 1 c.it'iies from Conpo- 
 fidi, in tlie Province of Xit.Jco. In Procefs of 
 Time the Number of Sp.im.nds increafuii?, they 
 built another Town, North of the latl, and from 
 the Provnice ctll'd it OdHitiw , and after that 
 lome others of lets Note, amonp, wlii(h the Prin- 
 cipal dtcMiifoamd Qj<hiol.i. This from Hcirei:i, 
 
 New Bifeay 
 
 H.is tlie lad fpokon of Province of Cnhi.ic.w, 
 liir Its Weftern Hoindary, tlie Kingdom of AVip- 
 Afexko on the North, Horidii on the Fail, and 
 the X«.(/ff.i) with Part ui J'miiico oi\ the South, 
 Irs between 24 and 28 De^jrees of North lati- 
 tiide, and is about 140 1 eaguesin length, from 
 Eall to V\'ell , and 50 in Breadth from North 
 to South. 
 
 Mofl of this Conntry is Pleafant and aboniid- 
 inginall Sorts of ProTifion^, its Polition a little 
 ab'rve the Tropick of C'./.vf/- making it temperate, 
 and the Waters that run througli it fertiliziiij^ 
 the 1 and. Howcvit towards tlie Nortli-call Part 
 (if It there is a Oillricl, cali'd Tcp/.-j, which is lor 
 the moll part Mountainous alinoil inacccflible , 
 .i;;d by Rcalon of their Heiglit cxccliive Cold, 
 which Territory is of little or no value. In the 
 (itlier better Part there are thm SpMi/h Towns, 
 Jn.uhe the moil V\eflern, then S. 'John to the 
 Eall, and >. /)'./)/?,i)-,j South of that. All three of 
 thfiriliave conliderable Silver Mines, which draw 
 I'lople to tliem, and therefore they are well inha- 
 bited i but partinilarly the laft, which is extra- 
 iirdinary ricn, the \ eins provinp, inferiour tofcw 
 .it" the bell, lothat ihcir Produd is of great \a- 
 lue, and occaiioiis a conliderable Rel<)rt. Thcle 
 are the Mines H<>:i:ipiii tells iis, Alonjuny dcl.t 
 Saiie aim'd at, whi.n under Pretence of feeking 
 ilie Mouth ot tlie River Al/Z^fipi, he raiif^'d on the 
 
 C'oail o( tlrmd.l. 
 
 tiiinits deTtiin.r, after fettling the Nfw Town 
 (il Lii>ji:c,<i^ in the Province of the Z.ic.ucc.ii, 
 irarcli'd into this Province, before any other iiad 
 diieovcr'd it, with ijo.Vlni, and tirll found tlie 
 Alines of f;/^'(.,c- am! S. Jab/. Not lb fatisfy'd, 
 lie kit the rell of !;is Men behind, and advanc d 
 with only 30 to the Mountainous barren Part 
 cali'd 'ipti, where tlie\ !uH';'d t!ie utmoll Ex- 
 trimiiies oi (aii;! and Hi' ,.r', befides all the 
 Oitfieultics ill c'iii.bint; i\v-c tleep craiigy Moun- 
 i.!:n,, \.!iue level'.' .\len and ilories penilid. 
 lliisoMii^'el tiiein 10 take a'^'ompais about thr^uj^li 
 the Province ut (. //..7:-',;, for au ealier Koad, and 
 being re;unrd, he carr' '. Colonies to the .S'.ines, 
 ^I'll luiiih, "(J flk-m a_;«Miit any Attempts of the 
 
 Natives, which ftill continue and are very weal- 
 thy i hut befides thcfe three Towns, there are no 
 othersofain Note in tlie Province, wlndi is en- 
 tirely fnbdu'd and Chnlhaii. Lm: oat of the Left 
 Sp.wljh Author*. 
 
 Zacatccas. 
 
 This is the next Province to A>ir-fi/)f./y,which 
 borders on it Nortliward, as does P.inmo on the 
 Fall, Mtih'Jiic.w, (jiiiid.U.i).ir.i, and Chiamttlan 
 (jii the Sout!', and the fame ChiamcilMi and C«- 
 ti:.u.ir on the Weft. A linall Part of it reaches 
 into the Torrid Zone, ih-reft in tlie Temperate, 
 » . being feated between xi and 27 Degrees of 
 Nortli 1 atitude ^ its Lein^th from Fad to Wefl 
 about 100 ! ea»;nes, the greatell Breadth from 
 North 10 South between Dut.wfi^o and Xerts^^ 
 Leagues, and much lefs in all other Parts. 
 
 Tne Inhabiting of tliis Province is owing to its 
 rich Mines, wliich are many and conliderable, 
 (or in all other refpeils it is of no \'alue, as 
 wanting Water, and producing iiolbrt ofCorn, 
 or (caue any other Provilioii. However the 
 Trealurc has drawn People to it, io that there 
 are in it 3 wall'd, and 4 or 5 open Sp.vilflj Tuwns, 
 befides others of the Natives, and many N'illages. 
 The Principal hears the Name of the Province, 
 and is about 40 Leagues North from the great 
 City of Oiiad.il.ijjr.i , and (o Nortli VVcil from 
 the greater of Alexuo, inhabited by many Spa- 
 tiijii I .imilies, and has feveral Churches and Mo- 
 nalleries. 27 Lca>;ues to the North Well (lands 
 the Town of .S'. A.'.Dtin, little inferior to the for- 
 mer. In the lame Way about 25 Leagues from 
 X:i.itei\is is that of Llicrm.i, and North from 
 this is Noinbrtdc Dios, as Diir.wgo is to the North 
 \\eft of the lall, ancl Xeres tlic mull Southern 
 of tiie I'roviiicc. At all thefe Places there are 
 Mines, btlides others at u4i'i//c, 5. Luc.is, Sow- 
 brcta, los Ruiichos, los Ciidhu.tti^ las T\!ievej, and 
 cl hVi/iilU, on all which there are open Towns. 
 
 Fruhiis dc Vbirrti, already Ipoken of, dilcover'd 
 and fubdu'd all this Province, and lettled moft 
 (.if the Colonies, tho' not w itliout great Oppo- 
 fition from the Natives, and alter them from their 
 barbarous Neighbours the C jichimccis, ofwhom 
 we lliall fpeak hereafter, and the CHach.uhiUs, 
 who infelied the Koads from GiudM.ij.ira to 
 Z.-icancis, till they were linally brought under 
 by the Maniuels de t^iiu At.itii ique, \ iceroy of 
 A'cri'-Siuin, lince when they have been divided 
 into 104 Tnbes, which tlie .sp(«(./'^i call .^c;i.;>-- 
 tiiiiie/uos, that is, Divilioiis, and live in entire 
 fubjeflion and Chrillianity, without knowing a- 
 ny tliiiu; of the Kudcnels or Idolatry of their 
 lorefatliers, 
 
 Chiametlan 
 
 Is a fmall Maritime Province, having the laft 
 meniion'd of the Xiicttec.is oii the Eall, OiimI Uj- 
 j.iy.i on the South, the South Sea on the Weft, 
 and Cidii.iciii on the North ■, leated under the 
 Tropick, the one half in the Temperate, and the 
 other in the Torrid Zone , about 20 Leagues 
 in Length Irom North to South , and near the 
 lame in lire.idth Irom Eall to V\ ell in the largeft 
 Places. 
 
 Ihe Soil of it is fruitful , aiel it yields much 
 
 Wax and lioney, belidesvery •j.i.od !)ilv.r Mines. 
 
 Ca^Xmw ti'iiuis dc lt:iii.!, the lame abovc-men- 
 
 N n n ;i tion'd, 
 
ii6 
 
 MEXICO', Or 
 
 tii'n'J, led the ririt Colony tliitlicr, in tlicYt-ar 
 i<;54, which lie c.iU'd 5. Sch.tjil:!:, and fium him 
 the Province has by lomc bL-eii iium'd of YIkii-i.i. 
 At his coming he found the Uativci aim'J witti 
 Bows and Arrows, Clubi and BncUcrsi, wliicli 
 lafl were made of fmalt Sticks llron^^ly bound 
 ros;ether. TIic VVamcn were: handlome, .uid clad 
 from Head to Voot :, the Men wore Ihort Coats, 
 and Shooes made of Hucks-blvuis. AH their Liti^- 
 cage ihcy carry 'd on a Stick upon their Shoul- 
 der, ihinkni;; it mean tociiry an'^ thinj; nnder 
 their Arms. When they went not to the Wars, 
 ilicy fpent all their time inHuntgiij. They h<id 
 many Idols, andmade no fcruple of eating Man's 
 FltiV, indnhjing thcmfelveb nunany \'icc>. Since 
 (he light of^thc CTOl'pel has Ihone amoui; iliem, 
 ihcy have forfakcn their Inhuman Ciiftoms, and 
 areoecomc civili7'd. Befides the Town of 5. iV- 
 lf,i/i:;ii abo'.emention'd, here armhol'e of C/;; < 
 >,,tt! 111^ fo caird frorn the l^roviutij it felf, and 
 .1,; :car.i. Authors Hcrrcr.t,Com.tr.t, aii^l :>.(/^rt;. 
 
 Xalifcp, 
 
 T\m 
 
 \W here ni.:ntio',rd next to Ci>!.!>i:ct!.i>:, i,-. i'c- 
 larattd ho.n it by a narvow Hip of taiui, be- 
 fon^in;'^ to the I'rovincc vt' i'ii.il.il.ij,i,-i , and 
 runinii,^ out to the Sea, winch is its Northern 
 Ri.undarv , as t!ie lame Province, and t!ia{ of 
 Afuij'.-i.-i are the Kailevn, thfSoath Sea walli- 
 nigboiii tfie boiiili >.. \ Well iuLs , ija Situation 
 btii);', within the lorrid ZoiK', between (he lytli 
 ;uid 22d Dotireci) of Nojth latitude, and the 
 extent Una!!, as not esceedin^i 50 leaiiue?. any 
 
 Way. 
 
 It produces iibrnJance of [n'ii.i.! \\ heat, but 
 h.h very little Cattel of any fort. The pi.ncipat 
 Town is call'd Cimp ■Ihi-i ^ leated betNseen one 
 a!id two and twenty Degrees of North Latitude, 
 „iici built by iVw' <<c Uiit.»uii:, the Couciucrour 
 ..f tlie l>ic"ince, in the Year 1531, on the Hank 
 of aR' •■ , fo barren tliat there is no l'aftnre_ 
 (or CwlcI, nor any NecelTanes for buikiliij; of 
 Hoiifesy befides that the Air beiiij^ t;;tremely 
 hot and nioiil , breeds inSnitc Iniei'ta, which 
 liiews that thus Place was not well chofen. On 
 the other Southern Extremity ilands the Town 
 r.ili'd ihc Fiir.jicMjcn, at the Sea fide, and that of 
 A .l:iio from the Province it I'eH, up the Inland be 
 tween them both. From this Province, Moim- 
 tin fays, is brought the Oil the Spi/iiMcls call 
 (f the Infernal Hgtrce, which has many excel- 
 lent Qiialities, being good agamft all cold llu- 
 nuiurs, for dil^K'inj", ot Tumour-, andexpellint; 
 Wind, anoniting the Belly, and taknig a tew 
 Drops niwardly ni Wine', asalfoby Clyfter. It 
 l^ alf) of excellent iile tor Ulcers in the Head, 
 and DeafnefsH us Nature hot in the beginnin;.', 
 of the ^d Dei'.ree, and moiil ni tiie fecond. //<» - 
 reii, Atuniiiai', and L.it/, 
 
 Guudalajani, 
 
 Thf principal Province of this A:idlcncl.t^ or 
 Di^hi^t, and giving its N.une to the whv)le, is 
 limited on tlie F.aft and South by the Provmce 
 of Aid li:s iL.m \, on the Weft by ,V.;/;c.', and on 
 the North by tlie Zjcitectf, oniy one narrow 
 llip ot It niiiningout to the Soiitn Sea between 
 A.ililid and t'/./. !//.((/.« ^ its Situation being juft 
 within tlie Ton id '/.one, froin^Mo;:-, Degrees 
 'atitude, not above S'"' 1 eagucs ovei .>iiy way. 
 
 Notwithftandinn its being in tl^e Torrid Zone, 
 fcarce any oilier novmce is more temperate 01 
 fertile, producing F.wr.pc.tn and hul.ni WJuMt 
 in great Plenty, and all Fmits of both tlicfe 
 Kinds, befides the migiity Treafurc of Silver 
 continually taken out of its Mines. 
 
 Tlie City of Ciud.iLijjr.t^ built by N^ps tk 
 (iiiai'M', in the Year i^Ji, in about 2; Degrees 
 I atitude, gave its Name toalltliis Province ami 
 Govcrninenf, and took it from another fo call'd 
 ill Sp.iui. It is S7 leagues North- well: iVom 
 Alf.vico. Tile Natives ciU'd the I'erritoiy of 
 this City formerly Afoliu,\ and it is a large Pljiu 
 near a good Riyer, and water'd by leveral Brooks 
 and Springj, wliidi caufe it to produce guat 
 llore ot (jrui, and no lefs plenty of Orals, i!u: 
 Neighbouring Muiuitains mrnilliing all Neielfa- 
 ries tor building of lloufes. Tlie Air is neither 
 excelljve ho: nor cold, but wliolefome, and breeds 
 veiyfe.v Infects. Four Feagues from it towardi 
 tile Z.JC.v'a ;.' la a ver\ high Miuin tain, loftcep 
 that no Beaitaol Burden can climb it, auditii 
 a lull 1 eague to the top •, all the other .Mmiu 
 tains alxiut art crags",, and wo. dcd, full ol large 
 Pines .nid Oaks. Tlu (2ity being the Metiu 
 P'llis o( all tliefe Provinces, is very large, p.ipu- 
 lon-;, and ciirioully built, and the ReiideiKc o| 
 tlie Sovereign C-oii;,t fir all this Dilhict j b^'fide-) 
 that it !>> a BillioB'i See, and coiile'iuently baa a 
 Irately Cathedral, and feveral Parilli-Cliurthei., 
 and Monarteries. 
 
 The next Town of Not« is call'd I'lpirnu Smu, 
 built by the (aine Nana dell n^w.w, in a Part of 
 tlie Province formerly call'clTfj3/-;;ie. The jd i< 
 5.7,/./ At.iii.t lie los l.j^iis, t'o'indtd by the linne 
 Mm to the tafhvard of Git.iUtl.t.yi> •• , to r;:rS 
 the then falvage Chnhi/mi.ti , wlio rang'd aboiil 
 tlie North and Eall Part-. (■l-tiiuji:ip:,;i;e is an 
 iiuonliderable Maritime Town, on the Shore li 
 that narrow Slip we laid above, extended to t'le 
 Sea. (.I'n.i.y.ic.irl.Di, Z.ipo^.uo, ,wi.\ the others men- 
 tion'd in the Table, are open Places, of whidi 
 uotliing more can be added. 
 
 Ihcgreatetl River liere Ibaie crJl li.ir.ini.t, an.l 
 others ifqitiilii} , proceeding tr>^,n the Lake ot 
 Akcbo.iL HI, where it drives a r..pid Stream to- 
 wards the Nortli-weii, and four leagues from 
 tlie City ol'O'i'.iJ.il.ij ;:■ .1 falls Irom a gre.a heiglith, 
 wiieiwe it halles iir.o the South Sea, wliiiii it 
 enters betwixt X.ililiu aw] (-hi.n/.al.iu. It is ii<> 
 where fordable, bui us'd formerly to becroi's'd 
 on Floats made of Calaballies and Curs, on 
 which tile .Vieu f.ite with their Goixls, and li.'id 
 tlieir Horl'es in the Water, whilll the liidi.u.i 
 Iwimining, drew 4II over . not withous great 
 I>anger, but t\\t: Spimards Iiave made all conve- 
 niences of Boats, 
 
 The Natives were finnerlv like their Nei.;li- 
 hours, firgeof Body, cloath'J in Cotton, lyiii^ 
 upon .Vlat>, and fucJ! Uivers of Dancing to a lit- 
 tle fcurvy lort of Drums, that they would I'peiid 
 whole Days M {hat Folly. They arc no\^ all 
 brought to live in Towns, and have their own 
 Lords, Indges, and otlier .V'.agilbates uid Oili- 
 cers, alter the Sp jh j/i nuiimer , the R.ice >j\ their 
 ancient letty Kings full hold a Sovereignty 
 over them, but otliir Officers .irc appointed by 
 the Sp.i>.-,j/j Cjovernours. 
 
 The C.u j.»tj were formerly a diftinft N.t- 
 tion, living towards the frontiers of the Zac ■ 
 ;ri /.', and dilL-r'd from ;!;.• other Natives of this 
 Province in Ulwir Lan.v-iiiCi a.id fome Cullouisi 
 
 tlic 
 
 '-T^ll 
 
 1 ' 
 
 11,. 
 het 
 
 , ■' ^ 
 as It dekr 
 
 nifert as in 
 
 lis. It J, 'lit 
 
 Zone, only 
 P:ii::iio beii 
 whole ly in;. 
 I atitude, t 
 Alcxuo an 
 p.ilAlbv i! 
 tliat linall 
 tile I'roviii 
 Cjovanmen 
 regular, tii, 
 be:\veeii til 
 A/i'thu.icii/i 
 the greatel 
 leagues fu 
 Pan of 4 
 North-well 
 fiance ^ but 
 It from Sei 
 Diuieniioiis 
 of l;i( ii.w . 
 out into th 
 I ength, an 
 narmw 111 
 p.ive abette 
 [hjip!-ui(.' A 
 which this 
 their I peaks 
 nels. It is 
 
 Aiiv-Sn.ii 
 in fruitful 
 Kealoii It 
 Kinc, and 
 ■ill lor is of 
 tary tor r! 
 'V /'"■« exc 
 
N EU^.SP AlK 
 
 ziy 
 
 the Caachaihiles li.id alfo .1 particular Tongue^ 
 ;ind the OiLimnrcs were not ivulcrildod bv the 
 rcll i luit the hriPijins; of them to live tojiether in 
 I owrs, .iiitl :'. eoulhiiit Intevrouife, whicli before 
 were wuiumi^, ha now mollified ilicir uncouth 
 (n-iiius, liroui;ht them all ti? fpeak one Language, 
 and Chr'.lYiiiiitv 1ms baniOi'd all their Heathen 
 U.ivharitie> , yet the pvevailing Vice ainouf!; them 
 li ol-.fcrv'd tobeStc.iling. 
 
 Tlie better lurtot Spiiii<n-Hi here live by Trade, 
 and are Mailers of the rich Silver Mines ^ o- 
 ihers toUow gra/ing, and fome apply thctnfelves 
 to Tillap,e. Th''' tins Soil produces abundance 
 of Sui^ar-Cani.:-, yet m>SiHly re^urds them, no 
 
 m<-.« e tl'.an thev do whole Woods of the T«»rf, 
 which is the Tree that breccis the Cochineal, 
 from which i vail quantity might be gather'd, 
 did they take the Pains to Icxsk after, and cul- 
 tivate the Trees, but it fcems their other Em- 
 ploy men ts turn to better Account. They e- 
 very where make ufc nf Carts and VVat^cons 
 drawn by 0\en, Horfes, and Mules, and tlieir 
 XVeijihts and Meafures are the fame as in Spain. 
 Tlie Tov;ns us'd to be Palifado'd about to defend 
 thiMu againft the Natives , who beinp, entirely 
 lubdued, that Precaution ceafes. Authors, Her 
 
 CHAP. Vlll. 
 
 of the Provinces fubjeA to the A U D I E N C I A, or the Sovereign 
 
 Court of M E X I C O. 
 
 *" I ^U.-. DiltiA^t, or Part of y^//.ir;c,! we are 
 I here til Ipwk oi, IS luch lu would rc<iuire 
 -^ a j^rcatcrN uluaie than thi» tobedelcrib'd 
 as it dekrves, it Ih.ill theref(,re be our C-are to 
 infert as miicli as may be in tlie Compd's allow'd 
 us. hsMuiation IS .ilmott all under the Torrid 
 Zone, only a Slip "I /}/fi lut.ic.m, and a Part uf 
 r:!r::ito beiii;; on this fide of tlie Tropick, the 
 whole lyinj; betwcm 25 nd 14 I>i;reesof North 
 latitude, the Not :lkrn fide U>ideringon A'nr- 
 Mcxico antl t'.o ..ii^ and all the reft cncom- 
 p.ilAl bv t!ie Not til and South Seas, except only 
 that linall Pait of the Southwelt which joins 
 llie rrovincts ol Ciiupi and Sotonrjlo of tlie 
 Gov.niment of 6';Mf;//;.<//. The l-igure is lo ir- 
 rei;iilar, tiiat it i» hard to aHiiiuthe Fxteiit, but 
 between the two remotell Points of y^w;(£(j and 
 A/alju.u;iii , Northeail and South weft, where 
 the greatell folid Iheadili is, wc find above 200 
 leagues from Sea to Sea, from the Northern 
 Pan of A!tilio..c.i>: to the Province of Chinp.t 
 North-weft and Soudi eaft much tiie fame Di- 
 itame:, but then acrois the Province of 6'«.j.vi- 
 1(1 Iroiu Sea to SeafcarceOo 1 eagues ; but rhcfe 
 Diuieniions wholly exclude the lari^e Province 
 ol l:tt ii.iHy becaute it is a Penmlula lunuing 
 out into the Sea above an hundred leagues in 
 I eiii!,th, and only iom'd to the Continent by a 
 nariuw lllhmus ot leu than ;o 1 eagncs. I cannot 
 f',\ve abetter Account ot tins Comnry tii.ni wiiat 
 jijifrnii! y/c(i'y 1 does ot i\'c\''-Sp.ii/i in general, of 
 which this is the principal Part , and tliis Au- 
 thor Ipeaks r.ot hy heariay, but as an Eyewit- 
 iiels, It is to tin* etfjCl. 
 
 AiH'--SV).<;« (inpadcs all the reft of Air.erici 
 in truittul Phuns and MeadoWs , which is the 
 Kealoii It has an intiiiite number ol llorlcs, 
 Kmc, a'ld other forts of Cattel. It abounds in 
 all loris of fni!t, Cjraiii, and whatever is necel- 
 i.iry ior the iupport ol Human Life. On- 
 'v /■'»'« exceeds it in Wine, bicaule the Kajusin 
 
 'Jiilv and Atiguft fpoil the Grapes, and what lit- 
 tle Wine thev ma! " is fmall ana ftiarp. The 
 nir IS fereiie from the beginning of November 
 till Apnl-, when the Sun is fartheft off, for 
 when it draws near , the Rains fall fo heavy, 
 tliatuioft Rivera overflow. They Sow and Reap 
 twice a Year, and moft Parts abound in Silver 
 Mines, but there are few of Gold. 
 
 I'r.Mcii Ximnies gives a particular Relation of 
 the excellent (»uins, Avomatick Liciuors, and o- 
 iher Medicinal Produft, as the Lifiiid Amher^ as 
 fwect as Storax, and of great ule in Phyfitk a- 
 gainft Head-aches, Pains in the Stontach, \'a- 
 pors, and Couvulfionsi the Copal, whereof he 
 reckons eight fevcral forts, and all very Me- 
 dicinal •, the Ballam, not interior to that of 6'»- 
 le.iii^ and many more well deferving to be men- 
 tion'd, but that wc inuft not run too far into 
 Natural Hiftorv, nomore than indefcribhig the 
 great variety of Fruit-Trees, Herbs, and How- 
 ers this and other Authors treat of. 
 
 Being to fpeak of eacli Province in particuUr, 
 the Iborter general Account may (erve turn, 
 auu therefore nothing Ihall be here faid of the 
 Natives relerving it to its proper Place, ant! lo 
 of rvery thing elfe that may be experted in this 
 Delcnptio:i. But it is ftttoobfcrvchere, that in 
 the Divifion we are about to make, we followf 
 that which is now fettled, and in ulc among the 
 SpJiil.vds, as Marters of all chefe Dominions, 
 for it were endlels to follow all the Imall Di- 
 vilions there were among the ancient Inhabitants, 
 every great Town in foinc Parts being reckon'cl 
 a leveral Nation i befides that it is moft proper 
 to reprefent the Country as it is at prelentj 
 yet lo that Mention lliall be made of thofc ma- 
 ny Nations, Tribes, or petty Governments that 
 were in each of thel'c Provinces, which ive Ihall 
 begin to treat ot in the North, and lo defcend 
 to the Southward, according tJ which Method 
 they ftanii tlui'-, 
 
 I ^ 'i 
 
 '1*1 
 
 im 
 
 Pam.ti): 
 
15S 
 
 MEXICO', Or, 
 
 Panuco. 
 
 Mcclioacan.<! 
 
 'Panuco. 
 
 Santtngo de los VdUs, 
 S. Luis dc Tampico. 
 Tanadabo. 
 ^ Efciilapa. 
 I Tancac-ifta. 
 \ Tnncuio. 
 ^Tiimoco. 
 
 CMechoac in. 
 
 I t^alUdoiid. . ■ 
 
 I S. Minuet. 
 
 Concept iun de Salaya. 
 
 S. Felipe. 
 
 Lion, ^. 
 
 Ztimora. 
 
 yUlade L*goj. 
 I Colimit. 
 y_Z.icatuLi. ■ ' 
 
 {'Mexico. 
 I OmlHlti. 
 I 'I'd-CHce. 
 
 Oiinl.rj.ica. 
 , T^t.upM.ip:i. 
 Jflexico. 4 /Mexic.ilti.iiii;". 
 
 CuyocMi. 
 
 CmtitLi).'. 
 
 SuMinikii. 
 
 QHtreturo. 
 Xjr'Jiian. 
 
 Panuco. 
 
 Tlie mod Northern Province of ilic Govern- 
 ment , fnbjeft to the fuprcmc CiHirl of Mexico., 
 Iiai the C.mlph of Mvx.io on the Eaft. t-'lond.t on 
 the North, the Xjr.ifa.u and /l/a/jo./rw on the 
 Weft, and the I'n.viiuesof .Mexico and Tl.iJcaU 
 oil the Soiitli. It is, under the Tropick of Cw- 
 rrr. part in the Temperate, and part in tlie Tor- 
 rid Zone, heinc about 5 Leaj^uvs ni length, and 
 IK) lels ni breacfth. Ail of it that lies next to 
 Mexico is the bci> and richeft, abounding in 
 Provifioiis, and vi'ld'"g lomeGold^ but the o- 
 ther Part adjoining to thrida is wretched, poor, 
 ■ind barren. 
 
 The principal 5;. iw;//i Towns here arc three i 
 the firit Pahiuo, otlierwife call'd S.iniiftcv.w dtt 
 J'ueiio., built by doh^slo de Svido'.J., ni about 
 i\ Degrees of North latitude, by Order ot 
 tlie Marquefs D'-n fodmatui Co, to., in the Year 
 15:0, fe.rtcd 65 lotgiies Nortli-eall from y1/f.v.- 
 «v;, and H from the Sea. on « River, whole Mouth 
 makes a Harbour, llie next is Swti.igo dc los 
 riit<tsy z$ l.ea{;nes VV'til (rom I'.i/imo, the tliird 
 S. Luis lie J'afi.p.m, 8 Leagues North call from 
 Pmiico, un tile Sea C<jali. There are feveral 
 Rivers and Anihoring Places along the Coall ot 
 this Gmnt\ up to tlie River of /'.^/w//, but none 
 of tlRMP WO) i!i iiotinj^, or ever reiorted to, except 
 t luinu Kiver and Wni, wlni.1) is noi-eot the bill. 
 Thus iiiuih /-Ar/i-r,/, the moll iolid Author, gives 
 us of I'uiim II, 
 
 Ci):ltt.!i iH //nUiiyi'i CoUtflion tells us, that 
 travellii g to flus Country Iroin /1/f.v.tu,liefc.iine 
 out ol that Province nilo that ol (//i.i/,'ri.i,which 
 !•, the Souihern Pait of I'.ixuio., the tirll lowii 
 whcrcoi was I Ml I. a! aha, Villa V ll'c Nalivts paint- 
 
 (Jlcttpidce. 
 Chdco. 
 Chitiiirli. 
 
 fPuebl.i de lot A>iget:s, 
 
 ri.ijhih. 
 \ Filial ric.t. 
 
 i * ;, - -"■ i<t. 
 
 I S.Jnanw^Vlva. 
 Tlafcala. A Segura. 
 I PiuIj. 
 
 Matlatlati. 
 I C.iceres. 
 i^Torre Blanca. 
 
 Gua;:aca. 
 
 ' Anteqitera. 
 
 S. f'.elMJn de los Z.ipMecis. 
 f(;,tnti.if\o, 
 Vl'lpiritu Sj"I'). 
 Afi^iutuko, 
 -TjcuM.i. 
 
 T.ibj fto. 
 
 ST.ib.ifcu, or Niielh-.i. 
 'SSemr.t de l.il^iion.t. 
 
 ,Afe>id.l. 
 
 .r.di.td,did. 
 
 Yucatan. yS. fr.wcijio de Cimpccije, 
 J'^d.i/nanc.t. 
 ,Cond. 
 
 td themfelvcs Blue, and had Hair down u> tlii;i 
 Knees, but we cannot rely upon the Stones 
 of thel'e rambling TravclKrs of no Reiuitatiovi, 
 fiiice the Sp.iiiiaids.,\\\\o live in tliole ('ountrio*, 
 mention no fucli nionilrous Hair. It will there- 
 fore be iK'tdlels to I'pend more time upon !'is 
 frivolous Relation, but to proieed from this Pro- 
 vince to another m jre ronliderabk*. 
 
 MechoHcan 
 
 Follows, as the next Nortlicrn Provinre,boun(!- 
 cd on tlie Koiih by the Provinces of Zu.m- 
 CM, and Cit.tdjl.ijiii.i, on the Welt bv that of 
 ,\'.//,/l«, and theSouihSea, on tlie South by the 
 fame Sea and Mexiiu, and on the S-.all by th.'t 
 fame i'rovincc awiM'miuco. Along the Sea it ex- 
 tends So I eagues, and more in length up ihe 
 1 aji<l. The Name in the Mexidw Tongue lig 
 iiilies a Place abouiidini; m Hilh, and there were 
 leveral NatioiiD inhabited \\.,Ai we lliall mention. 
 
 The Temperature of the Air ditVcrsmuch,foaK' 
 F'arts being houer, and others colder, according 
 to their iiigher or lower Situation, or their be- 
 ing more or lels cxpos'd to hot or co'd Winds, 
 whicli things alter th.- V\ eatlier tliere nxre 
 than many i.Vgiees dilferente yii Latitude, yet 
 ill general it is pUalaiit, and lo hcaitliv, ti;ac 
 many refort thitlier Iroin odier Parts to recover 
 fr lai l.'iliales. Here are abundance ol Ijkes, 
 Rivers, a.icl Sprnigv, w huh are the ociatinii of 
 feeding iiilii ue nuinlieis of fat Cutle \ belidis 
 lev.,ial Drgncs of hot Medainal Waters. I his 
 abundaiKe ol V\'atei occ.ilious Uali woundeiful 
 Uitility, th.it the Ijround liai been known to 
 yield above an luindied lor one, pnduring all 
 ions ol I ruit and luani, and e.\»Lei;iii,j moll 
 others in excellent P.ilhiu. 
 
 But 
 
 t'cy 
 
 tlie .S' 
 
 pal Sp.. 
 
 C :: -.y.im.i, 
 near it a 
 of Piih, , 
 and fold 
 dorable 
 Well IV, 
 111 a l'.;!i 
 
 r?oiiii[i-\ , 
 
 Noill; w 
 Soil. 1 
 by tin \ 
 the ( . 11- 
 O.'/t;.. ., 
 
 rov / -' 
 CO. V. ; 
 
 Cifj. (\ 
 
NEWS? AlK 
 
 59 
 
 But bclules tluTo things common to Ewopi, 
 it has fevcral noble Trees, unknown in our l-'arts, 
 as the Aoihif^pil'i ^ whidulilhis a l')rc ot" C«- 
 p.i/, or i>;lo!ifert)Us Cmm ^ tlii' (Ji'iiihicpirli , 
 \iclclin!', a yellow 1 i|Uor that cures the Itch 
 and Scab, aiicl will I'urge, oucwaidlv applied •, 
 the C'p :lx,Hotl , reckon 'd a Cure for l-evers :, 
 the Moripeiidit^ tlie Sprii;s of wliich cut fmall, 
 and build ro i!ie confillence of a Salve, heats 
 moll Wound? and Sores ^ and to pafs by many 
 others, above all the /l/al-o.ic.w Roor, now well 
 known, and much us'd in Europe, of which and 
 many more the Curious may read frmicis Ac 
 mt-ncs. 
 
 For Bead-., Iicre are gre.it N'unbers of threat 
 .-'.d finall Catitl, asalfo lieafts of H;irden, Goats, 
 and Swine in Herds, without anv t)wner5,\Vikl- 
 Bo.irs, H^u-cs, and Kabbirs, and chat (ort of Goat 
 in which the Be/.i«r is found-, and here we iiuut 
 iibferve, that tlie fame h'rauch Aimnies aftinns 
 here is a fort ot I>e7.oar found in the b' ivers, 
 wliich he la^s is Viialli'd down from the Moun- 
 tains, where there is great llore of Bolearmo- 
 iiiac. 
 
 The Natives formerly bad four feveral laii^ua- 
 ftes, the Cljichimcctiti, tlie Onamite^ the AU'vi- 
 f,;«, ;ind the T.tr,ijquf\ tlien- Habit, and other 
 I'.irticulars was much like ihe A'/exidins, they 
 bcin^ of the fame Rjce, tho' become Enemies 
 t ) tliem. At prefent thoir Habit, Lan^uaije, 
 Mannfts, .md Cuftoiiis are all SpMjJj, benin lo 
 incorporated v* iiii their Conquerours, that tliey 
 arc as it wtre one Pe<iple, and know none but 
 the Chriflian K.cligiori. they learn .11 Trades, 
 and p.irricularly make curious fabinets , .ind 
 much S'lk, and breed ("lattel, tut arc particu 
 lar'v f 'pd I'f Doy;s. Thcr greatell Art is in m:i- 
 Wivg, I'iiflures, or Imagery of feathers', which 
 tley polotin lo txipiilitely , that the iibiell 
 Painter cannot reprel-nt any thini; finer ni 
 Colours than they do with Feathers, Ihadow- 
 inn and I'.ivint; ivery thins; its proper Co- 
 lour ft exjdiv lliat it is really ihipendiou?, 
 «nd tins done with Inch linall feathers, that it 
 is wondeifiilhuw they can haiid!e,ai;ci put them 
 to'.etlur, and what Birds they have to rake them 
 fioin, as yhcft.t, and many others whohavi. leen 
 tins VVoik, mform u-, 
 
 ,T/<, ,',w,;n/w \»' is formerlv a Kincdi)in, whirli 
 
 is Znc^tula , otherwife cali'd the Conception . 
 feated on a River a league from the Sea •, antf 
 CoUm:i towards the Borders of X'tlifv}, in a 
 rich Soil , producing' uuich Cfc;;, Ci/fi.i^ ancl 
 other things of Value, befidesforneGold. Near 
 this City arc two Sea-Ports, the one cali'd A^.i- 
 vidi:i, and the other Sviii^iio lie fiann yj'per.vi- 
 .^7, the firft of them rer)rted toby t'.ofe who 
 go to the /'/3./(/)/'«f Illands. All about liere there 
 are abundance of Copper Mines, fo.ne of it fo 
 loft, that thev turn and wind it to any ures,and 
 fome ai;ain fo hard, tliat it ferves for Country 
 Toots as well as Iron. 
 
 The Coalt of tliis Province runs North-weft, 
 and South eall , with feveral friiall Bays ancl 
 Creeks along it, but the principal River is that 
 ol Zif.iinl.i, not confiderable among tliofe of 
 yfmeric.i. U..der this Province, as it is now , 
 liv'i.1 feveral Nations of /;/ia//./w.r in former times, 
 but all thofe Diftinftionsare now laidafidc,ano 
 tliey arc become one People. 
 
 Mexicci, 
 
 I roMi which the whole (idvtrnment takes its 
 Name, is the principal Province of all North 
 AmeriCit, and an Archbilhoprick, cxteiu'im^ a- 
 bout IV3 Leagues in length North-eall: and 
 Southwell, and about 60 in Breadth. On the 
 North it is limited by I'.wmo, and part of AIc- 
 cho.Kiii/^ on the Lali by TliivM.i^ on the South 
 by the lame Province .nid the South Sea, and on 
 the Well by that Sea and McciioAc.w. 
 
 In tliis Compals were formerly fevciat Di- 
 iVrifts, or lordlliip^, as thofe of L.itrctLifj^ 
 Akuitlii, and Xiloieppeqne^ Northivard fnw t!ic 
 T'apital ^ ,I/.i//.i/;^'«^rt,and Cidttptij:if Wetlward , 
 I'c.inco on the Kjfl, and on the Soutli O.u.'ci, 
 S:ulji)titUu,'l l.iliiCD, Cciyxi.i, Am\ ^"liJpiiltu The 
 Ininiing Mountain between tins Province and 
 that of riifi.il.i, is call'il l'rpji\iicpci , all co- 
 ver'd with W'ooil, and t!te bottom abounding 
 in Whcit and Cotti^n, .\t tlie Foot of it is 
 alio Icpi-x-), rifh 111 curious white tranfparcnt 
 Allom j the Neighbouring Hills produiring great 
 liore of the Iweet Gums, Copal, and ,>\nime, 
 by Intifioii on the Trees. In tlie Neighbouring 
 N'lllages much Salt is made, and a moll curious 
 lalper Stone dug out of the Quarries:, and .it 
 
 tlie -S' •■'■">«// Iiave redu.'d to a Province and Bi- Thc////.'/* there are ricli CJold Mines, but the 
 
 Place is Ibbjeft tii Eartlniiakes, and tlierefore 
 the Natives live in low finis. South of the Me- 
 tropolis are the lowns of CcMitriuti'uac^ilf A- 
 r.ipijHi, Ciii:ilh-pcqiic, and Aitiepcque^ belonging 
 to the Marnucfs (id Ktllc, delcended from Cor- 
 ;/;., and pie. 'ant, liot and fertile Places, pro- 
 ducin:', much V\ heat, Cotton , and delicious 
 Howers-, befides very white Sugnr. North- 
 weil from Afrxico are Ijctipiiz.:iUi>, T(n\\im.!, 
 Oii.itiil.t!!^ and AUxcpit, and the Country of ,\V/'/ 
 icpeaitr, inhabited by an nidulirious labouring 
 l\'ople. North from the City is Tcptjq.uiUi, 
 &c. yielding ("otton. Gram, and mudi Iruii, 
 bilides iiitniiie filli in its Waters. In fine, c- 
 vei \ where the land is rich, and theie aie ve- 
 ry many Silver Mines at ihele dillatices from 
 the Metropolis Pitiln.i 14 leagues, IJio 22, 
 i ^ifnii/iiilpi ot Lead, 20, ZacH.ilp.i 20, Zm/i- 
 pi'i,i[u .^O, (iu.iri-'Xiitilo Ou, C'.'/t:.ii,i.i 70, Aihij- 
 <;(.(, (/,!«(//, /.ii/riiitliin., and .v. Liiii av l.i Aii, 
 all of Silver, about which Itveral ihoul'and Sp.i- 
 niiirdi live, L-jJidv s gtcai inuliitudes of Slaves. 
 
 lh« 
 
 Ibopiiik, w whiili t'lere are near :oo lownsot 
 Native;, now all Converted, w\r!i their Parilh- 
 C!iurc!u-;, and many Moiiiulene?. Ihe princi- 
 pal Sp.iti.fl.i Towns are theU', t. r.i'l^iihiiiJ, or 
 C/.'.-j w^.or .', where the Billiop's See 's , .nid 
 near it a lake larger than that ni A/rxnr, full 
 of I'illi, ilpcfMllv one luiall lort, .vlnch dry'd 
 and fold in the Counlrv about, yields .t roiifi- 
 dor.vble Ri.vciuie. :. .'>'. Al.t'i.ul, 40 Leagues 
 Well frcin .ifri/o', viiy populous, and leated 
 111 a I'.iiii, which fas the bell I'allnre of all the 
 Country. 5. .v. Plnl.p , llandiii', bo I eagues 
 Nort!) wvA from AUx.iO^ m a cold and poor 
 Soil. Tills City, and tlic Idl above were built 
 by tile \ iciroy liiiti l.itii lie I'li.ijo, to lecure 
 tlie ( > iititry ni thole Daysas'.amll the barb.,roas 
 ■it.K and Others. 4. Ihe ("onceiHion ol 
 ,\a^ built 111 the V>.ar 1570, by tlie \ ici.- 
 :i M.iiUi. hiifi/,iic, 55 League.' from Afexi- 
 Icon is do Le.igiies from that Capital 
 Cilv •''• /''"<■* 13 troin /'..yf/Mre. And 7. /.«'- 
 ;;»', i;licm I'.iii'.idJU. Ivwardj llie South Sea 
 
 (.nil! 
 
 S'.i.' ■.•,.! 
 
 !0\ /' 
 
 10. <;. 
 
 fl 
 
 ■•\y 
 
 *; 1! 
 
i6o 
 
 .MBXtCOs Or, 
 
 The City of Mexico, Capital of all North 
 jimerirti, was firft cali'd Taiochtitlmi , and is 
 feated in the Liticude of 19 Degrees, and 40 
 Minutes, in a X'allev 14 lea}^ue» lontJ, and 7 m 
 breadth, furnmnded with a ridge of very high 
 Vl>untains, on the Eart frde of the X'alley is a 
 jjreat 1 ake that receives teveral Rivers and o- 
 ther Waters, in the niidll whereof the City is 
 feared, lo tiwt for want of a hoikJ Rntom, the 
 Buildini',s fink very much. The Form of it is 
 I'luare, rlie Streets lonij, wide, and well pav'd, 
 ruiiiiingNuiih and South, Raft and VVtft,where- 
 hv t!)e \v!iole Ilxrent maybe feen 111 the mid- 
 dle. The Compafs of it is two Leagues, and 
 the Di:inu.K-r hnlf a I eague, beraufe it is al- 
 inoft Hiuare. There are five Ways into the 
 City, over as m,inv Caulewa^s atrofs the I ake. 
 Tor iiofl'.- Snurtiues, and rich Cliurches, it 
 viei with Ii-ily, and furpilies it for beautiful 
 VVoiPtM. Of Inliabitantf, there are about uxxx-o 
 families, but gie.it Numbers of them Black", 
 or Mul,itio,>. V\i'.hiii the Citv tliere arc zz 
 M wiiilterier-ot Nun';, and 29 of Keligious Men, 
 all of liKijiv.illlvrirh. Tlie Ctthedral li.i< 10 
 r.auoii'., % D^K'iifv'd Priells, vii^. Dean, Arcii- 
 deacon, ScIkmI mafter, (Jhaiitcr, and Trcallirer, 
 6 IXrui-Caiiiips, and 6 half Demi Canons ; one 
 Heail-SacnlVan , 4 ("urates, 12 Ro^al Chaplains, 
 and 8 uilu'rs cill'd of LuDfu^M.i. The Artli- 
 bill.wji's Revenue is 6C000 Pieces uf F.m.ht, the 
 Dean's iicoo tlie fair other Diguihed Pnefts 
 80CO eacli, every C.inon toed, Deun-CiMions 
 51.O";, tile half DemiCaiions ^ooa, eadi Curate 
 4COC, every Chaplain jco, the oilier Prielh and 
 Attendants lel">., In-in^', all in Isuiubcr ^00, )b 
 tl);it llie Revenue i '.' the Church will .ill appear 
 to be 3CCO00 Pieces of Ei^;ht a Year. Yet all 
 this is I'othiiig to the Magnifictuceof that City 
 bcf !re the Sp:w':,irdi were Mafters of it. The 
 Clergy it fecnis are the landlords of this City, 
 inoll of the Grounds and Uoules beinij theirs. 
 ((.emcii.) 
 
 The I. .\ke on whicli the Citv ftands, coiififts 
 of (livers 1 imhsor Parts, fouie wliereof are fepa- 
 ratcd h\, C.<ure\s only, otliers arc more dillaiu'ci, 
 and li.ive Cuinn.uiiicationby iuiall Canals. One 
 p.irt is (hignant, yet its Waters are frelh and 
 SO'd, and iiU'd witli Filli •, anotlier part ebbs 
 and riow<i, and its Waters are braiJvil"li and 
 iiati .;hr, t!ius we are told by G.t^c. The 1 ake lias 
 about 50 Towns and \ illages round on its 
 Coalh, but before the Snania;ds took it there 
 were three times that Numoer, all very well inha- 
 bited. The old City confiftcd of at leail 6ooooc) 
 I Joules, foine lay icococo. i\v\i Ak>:tc2.nii: 1'% 
 Palace was the moll iiobie that can be thought, 
 tor t!ie Walls were of Marble, and otl'.er fine 
 Stout.-, the Roof-, of Cedar, the Cltambers large, 
 100 ill Nu.nlier wereadorn'd with curious Hang- 
 ings of 1 eatlier-work, gilded Cyclings, and all 
 other lumptuous and beautiful Decorations. He 
 hid large (jr.ii dens, inoft pompous Suinmer-Hou- 
 tes, anil vail Man.igenes fi>r wild Bcalls, Fowl, 
 Serpents, Cc. of the lir.uigcft, and of the inoll 
 fi.rie Nature. )iis Chappvl was io rich, tlut 
 nothirg was to be (ecu but Gold, which cover 'd 
 the Cieliiig, Agats, CAirncliaii^, Rubies, and o- 
 tlier rich St. Mies thr; VValls, aiiU Pearls the Seats. 
 There were m.uiy Ttinplis (or their Devotion 
 to Idol, funilli'd vvitli high Steerles, the chief 
 whereof was built of well wiou'glii Stone and 
 Timber, it ivas liuare, and a Q:ofs-bow (hot 
 
 broad, in the middle was a liii^h Mount, of Py 
 ramidic, I Form, which h.ad 114 Steps to the top, 
 where flood the Altars whereon tlie Sacriiices;' 
 which were of Men taken in Battel, wire oiK-r'd'. 
 From tills Pyramid a high Tower arceiided,whirli 
 ijverlook'd all the City. The Market-place was 
 111 large that locooo Perfons might Iiave Dealings 
 "" it, and was well furnilh'd witli all Necef- 
 
 m 
 
 faries, and efpecially Gold, Silver, ;iiic1 IVarls, 
 together witli inoft beautiful Pictures made of 
 Feathers , which is a Curiofity that no other 
 Part of the World is acquainted with •, in tliis 
 Art the luMans were wonderfully Ingenious as 
 they were .lUi) in working (jold and Silver 
 whereof tliey make curious Pieces, far fur»-* 
 palling any wrought here. The fnhabitants 
 were lo numerous, that 50000 Boats were em- 
 plos'd in bringing the daily Fixid neceflliry, 
 and Paflengers. When the City was taken on 
 the Tuh of August, 1511, after a three .Month's 
 Sieg;', 'tw.is reckon 'd that at leart iiooco fmii.mt 
 were li.iin on the [)efendant's fide, belides a 
 vail number th.tt died of Hunger anci Perti- 
 lente. When Cui-rci had rakeii the Citv, he 
 delhdv'd all the f>id.,tn Buildings, and re-edify 'd 
 the City , giving out parcels of Ground to 
 tliole that IiaU aliifted in the Siege, and obli- 
 ging the hulians to Work in the Bi;ilding •, lo.ioco 
 Houfes were then erecTved, but thof\' being tint' 
 dalle but ordinarv Stnu'ures, it has in pro- 
 cefs of tune been in a manner all new built, and 
 tlio' at this time the Houfes may not be fo nu- 
 merous, they are however much betr.-r. bein^ 
 built o( Brick and Stone, and verv t.'.-i, but not 
 high , for the Ground beiiw tender, and fub;.'ft 
 to Eartiiquakes, (iiuft imtiie too much loaded. 
 Tlie l>:di.mi live in the Suburbs, for the Spwi- 
 .t'tl, by co/cniiig them of their plot of Ground 
 (which in the Foundation of t!ie City had been 
 c<jually diftributed to I'uch />h\i,ms as had allift- 
 cd the Sj'.iniiyds,) have from time to time fo 
 tncro.idrd, that all their litt'e Houffsare piill'd 
 
 in tlicir 
 
 down, and new pomp')')-; ones built 
 Place, i-'ortcz. built Inmfelf a llatelv Palare on 
 the fame Ground where A(iijIc:.h»i.i\ P.ooJ , 
 (o targe that "000 Cedar Trees were usd in -i •, 
 whiciiat this Day is cali'd t!ie Marquis -/f/ /'(/- 
 /('s Palace, and Letts for 4C00 Ducats Rent. 
 The Marketplace, altlio' not fo large as that of 
 the huUtts. is however very fpacious , fur- 
 rounded witli Arcird Pia77.a's, and well furnilh'd 
 witli Sliop, of tlie richelV Merchandi/.e as well 
 as all ufeful Commodities. Over againll the .Mar- 
 ket place flands tl;e Vicen^ys Palace, whlcli is 
 a large Budding, with 'air (jardens. The Streets 
 111 general are large and beautiful, furpaliing 
 ours ill turopr, cipecially that call'd the il.iu- 
 rit, where the Cioldfmiths live , exceeding in 
 Wcaltii any that can ellewhere be feen •, tiic 
 Street of St. AhIHh, where the Dealers in Silk 
 inhabit, remarkable for its Length and Breadth j 
 and the Street del Av^tidj^ where the Gentry 
 dwell, admir'd for its fine Structure. The5;n- 
 iii.irds live in great Splendour and I utiiry, 
 and fo ordinarily keep Coaches, tliat (i.itf lays 
 there were in his time (1625,) reckon 'd to be 
 1 5OCO ill the City, many whereof were furpi/ing- 
 ly rich. 'Lis a -Saving, that in Mexico there 
 are foui tilings remarkably fair , f/-. t!ic Wo- 
 men, the Apparel, the I lories, and the Streets-, 
 to wliuh, lays he, we may add the Co.itlies of 
 the Gcntuv The AU.iedi is an open Field 
 
 Ihaded 
 
NEfKST y^W. 
 
 i6i 
 
 fliailed wiih Trees, where the bean monUe daily 
 appeiir in Coarhe*, or on Horlirs, where every 
 Mttrmxjn niay be feen 2CC0 Coaihcs fill'd with 
 Ladies at'd CavaHcr"- circiVd in nioft gorgeous 
 manner, and attended with large Equipages, and 
 line 1 ivcries. The Town )ies open, being not 
 feciir'd bv anv Walls or Gates, for the Indians 
 are lo perfiiSUy lednc'd on all fides that the 
 Spmitiids ertecin themfelves in no danger, and 
 therefore the An;is which the Inhabitants here- 
 tofore alwavs kept by 'em are now lliglited , 
 and the Place is the leaft capable of Defence 
 that can be •, the narrownel's of the C.tufeys 
 from the Mam 1 and, wl)ich may be defended 
 by fmall Numbers, being all the fccurity they 
 Iiave to trnfl to. The \ iceroy is allow'd by 
 the King icoooo Ducats p"' -<^"«/w< Salary, to- 
 gether with I'lenipiiteutiary Power , whereby 
 be IS able by Perfinil'ites to raile ins Revenue in- 
 conceivably liigh :, whereby tlie live Years Go- 
 verninent, wliich is the ftint of their Comniil- 
 fion, is confiderable enough to be defir'd by the 
 greatell: Favourite at Court. Thus far 1 have 
 taken from Oife. 
 
 All round this great City there are many other 
 Towns ot Note, as Ci>nlnU upon th;; fame Lake, 
 I'ljiiiio 6 leagues diftaut, (^iiitLiViHit, lz.tatp.i- 
 liip.i, Altxn.iltT^ihf^p^ UiutitLin^ Suchi/nilco, Q^iie- 
 ra.iriv, and rnaiiv niore, all of them large Cities 
 formerly, and ilill coni'iderable Towns, fo curi- 
 oi'.lly l-.ated, that in one Plain not above g 
 Leagues lout;, and two in breadth, there con- 
 llantly feed above locxjoo Head of great Cartel, 
 .ioo>wo Siieep, and looooHorles, and other Beafts 
 of Burden. 
 
 u4<apiiUo is a Sea- Port on theSouth Sea, whence 
 the Ships fei (iUt fur the I'ihlipph.c ll!aiids, and re 
 turn tiiither again. It is call'd a City , but 
 more like a \ ill.ip.e , all the Houies being ei- 
 ther of Timber »r /Ciud Walls , feated in al- 
 moin ij Degrees Latitude, at the Foot of high 
 Mountains, in .iii unhealthy Air, and delbtute 
 of Provifions. Tlie Inhabitants are all Blacks 
 and Mulattoe;., the SpMiJh Merchants haftiiw 
 away thence as loon as the lair is over, which 
 is when the Sliips come from the Philippine 
 IIIhikIs , loaded with Commodities of Chtna, 
 ;![ which time the Place looks like a City, be- 
 ing till'd with genteel People, and plentifully 
 lepplitd with Provifions IromailParts. Here is 
 a linall Cartle witli good brais (nins, but lias no 
 Ditch nor Balhoiis. In defcnbing Mexico and 
 till:. Ilate, we have loUow'd OuneHi , the fall 
 Traveller who has wiit of thole l^laces, and a 
 jiKlicioiis Man. 
 
 AfciiiU 7 Leagues iVom/l/cvirfl flands a nota- 
 ble piece of ludi.m Aiit!(iuilv, being a Puaiiiid 
 two fides (.f ir, about l6o tn^Ljh Yaids in 
 k'iigt!i,t!ic othu- iwo about .\ fourth part le.s,and 
 thj heigliih 50 Yards, iiuide in Step* like tliofc 
 of h/^ipt, on which tuniierly flood a prodigious 
 Idol ot the iVooii , and within the I'yramid 
 were \ auks, in which thev bmieil tlie Kings, 
 ioo Paces i\\<m this is the Pyramid ot thel^uii, 
 a thud part longer on tliclides than tile former, 
 ind a fourth p.iii higher than that, and on this 
 (lood the Idol of ttie bun, of ■* iiionltrous Mag- 
 nitude. Ihcle are lo aiuient, ih.it there is no 
 acomiit who were the Louiulevs of them. 
 
 Hut that we may not exe.etl, a word of the 
 Hirdsj wliereof there is luch a Leautilul \ ariety, 
 tJi.it tlie World can Icnrce inatJi it, among which 
 
 is the Sefontle, which Name fignifies 500 Voices, 
 from the inightv variety cf its fweet Notes :, the 
 Cardinal, which lings well, but is fo call'd, be- 
 caufe all over of a beautiful Scarlet, not only- 
 Feathers, but tVe Beak. The Tigrilto, or little 
 Tiger, becaufe fpotted like a Tiger, and fings 
 well, and many more both for Beauty and fweet 
 Notes, befidesleveral forts of Parrots, which talk 
 to Admiration. For eatable Fowl, there is no 
 lefs Varietv, and the fame for Beafls, not to 
 mention th'j infinite Herds and Flocks of Kine, 
 Sheep, Goats,and Horfes, there arc Bears, Wolves, 
 Wild-Boarf, riaita. Rabbits, Deer, Foxes, li- 
 gjrs, Lions, and Squirrels. 
 
 The Prodnft of the Earth is no lefs amazing, 
 tie precioufefl whereof is the Silver and Golcl 
 '.akeii out of the Mines. Then for Fruit, there are 
 all forts Europe affords, except Nuts, Cherries, 
 •M'-dlars, and Servife-Berries , anjl belides thefe, 
 many others unknown to us, as Agit.ic.ues., Sa- 
 potes, Ni,i:Tiey'j,Granadilla's,and one prime Plant, 
 which is tlie Cacao, we are now acquainted with 
 through the ufe of Chocolate. Of the Silver 
 Mines, what is neceirary fliall be faid when we 
 come to thofe of Peru., that the Subjeft may be 
 entire y the Hiltory ancient and modern Ihall 
 follow after defcnbing the other Provinces of 
 this Government, whicli it would be improper 
 to part. 
 
 Tlafcala 
 
 Follows next after Mexico, not only in Situ- 
 ation, but Dignity, and rather liiperiour in Ex- 
 tent, as reaching from Sea to Sea y for it has the 
 Gulph of yi/f.Vitooii the Eafi, Panitco., and the 
 I'rivince of A'iexicoon the North, the fame Pro- 
 vince on the Well, and the South Sea and 6'«ja;.<- 
 t.j on the South. 
 
 The Produft here is much the fame as in Afexi- 
 CO, and the Temperature of the Air differs but 
 little, for they both lie very near in the lame La- 
 titude y and as for the Natives, we refer the 
 fpeaking of them till the lafl, wlien wecome to 
 tlieir Hiflory , where it will appear that as 
 Mexico was M\ abfolute Monarchy, I'uTl.iJ'cala 
 was a P.epublican Government, and having faith' 
 fully ferv'd Conei. in the Conquefl of A/cxico, 
 he obtain'd a Grant of the Einnerour Ch.irles 
 the 5th, tlieii Heigning, by whicn to this Day 
 tliey are exempt from all Service orDutywhat- 
 loever, and only pay the King of 5p!;i« a hand- 
 ful of V\ heat a Head, as an Acknowledgment, 
 which iiiconliderable Parcels are yet find to inakc 
 up 1 ^cx)o Bulhtlb. 
 
 The length of the Province from Sea to Sea is 
 above 100 Leagues,andtliegrcatetl Breadth, which 
 is along the riulph of /i/jamv, about 80 Leagues, 
 witliiii which Limits are included the ancient 
 Dilh icls, or Iclfer Provinces of Tcpeaca, reach- 
 ing within 8 Leagues of the City 7 laJcaL, Zcmpo- 
 /.j,tlie Mountaineers call'd Tototh.ques, and oihers. 
 
 Ihe Capital City heti is calld Pitd<la de lof 
 j4/.,eU , or tlie Town of Angels, 22 Leagues 
 from /I/(jc(t', Eafl and by South, coiuaiiiing 1500 
 lloules, and built by SiO.ijti.w Ji.iniDc.^, in the 
 Year 1531, on the Ivoad from the i^ort uit^'era 
 Criii. to A.ixiio, and 5 Leagues from tlie ancient 
 City of Tldjtal.i, 111 a clclig'uuil Plain,! he Build- 
 ings inofl of Lime and Stone, vvin^i w itli Ahxiio^ 
 the Streets iieai, handiome, aiiu itrait, crofiing 
 oiu- another towarcK t!i. u;ur Quarters ot the 
 Ooo World. 
 
 m 
 
 liliH 
 
 -ii*"' 
 
 
i6i 
 
 M EX I CO', Or, 
 
 World. In the midft of it is a great Square, 
 which (in three fides is adorn'd with uniform 
 Portifo't, where are rich Shops of all forts of 
 Comnnodities. On the fonrtii fide i-i the Cathedral, 
 with a moll heautiful l-ront,aiid on:ftateh Tow- 
 er, the other not yet fiiiilli'd. Within the Church 
 there are 7 large Pillars on each fide, forming 
 7, lilcs-, the Ch-iire and H'!,;;h Altar have only 2 
 Pillars of Marhle, the Rev'etnie of the Church is 
 worth 500000 Pieces of Ei^ht a Year. 6>- 
 mcli;. 
 
 Tl'fc.'ilt may he alfo call'd a f'apital, having 
 heen lo long hpfore thelaft mention'd was hiiilt, 
 and llill a noMe C.ity, l;it inofl: inhabited by 
 Natives, whereas the otlier is mod Peopled hy 
 Srini-ii^i- It has ti'Mr principal great Streets, 
 the firft on tlie top of tlie Hill,hiiilt there before the 
 reft, beranle I'afe in t!)c time of War, tlie fee one! on 
 the fide of the Hill tow.uds the River •, the third 
 along the River, and the fourth back ( 'oiu the 
 Kivcr. .Ml the Riiildings fince tlie coning of 
 the Sririi.iydi are improv'd. To this Ci:y were 
 fnhii^t :S Towns and \'illai',is , containing 
 ]5nocK) kimilies. Almoft all the Inhabitants 
 being Natives , are , as lias heen (aid , free 
 from all Taxes or Duties and therefore live at 
 Eafe upon tlieir I ands, or follow Trades, and 
 being .ill entirely converted, thev have (evcral 
 g.iotl ("liiirches and Monaftiries, wlicre the Ser- 
 vice is ixrloiin'd wit!) Miilickjaiid much Solcm- 
 iiitv. 
 
 ririOii:., tlie Port on tlie Oiilpli nf Afexio, 
 is tlie next Place of Note, feated in a barren 
 Soil, winch makes Provifions dear, becaufc they 
 arehnnu'.iit far', The Air is not wholelinne, and 
 the Nortii Wind drives the Sand (b.that it altnoll 
 overwi'elms iheHoufes, and has actually buried 
 the Walls of the Town, which now People roii- 
 ftantly ride over. I he Rillions, and-itlier V\'orks 
 are irregular, and too far dillant from oiieaiio. 
 ther. The Cafile is half a league from the Ci- 
 ty, and icrves to letuie the Harbour, and Sliips 
 ill it. Tliefe liiconvcineiices mention'd, are the 
 caufe t'v City is hut poor, as only inhabited 
 by Blacks and Mulatto's , the .^pw/McWHlaying 
 no loiiticr than they Iiave Bulinefs, or Ships come 
 
 111. 
 
 >". Jol'tiiicZ'lv.i is the principal Sea-Port for 
 the Kingdom o( Afixiro., and here I cannot hut 
 oblerve the great Ignorance of O'./iie, who con- 
 found:, this Place and the lall above-mention 'd fo 
 together, that it is not ealie to underftand him, 
 fa\ing, the one was reinov'd to tlie other, as if 
 there were but one ftill, whereas they are to 
 this Day two dirtiinit Towns, only .S'. John de 
 VIvi IS m re frequented, as being much the 
 wh>)lel()iner Place, and the better Harbour, and 
 thert-f ire inhabited by Sp.ifii.ifd.f, and better for- 
 tified and adorn'd with Churciiei, and other 
 StnUUires. 
 
 l^.lli- Kit- 1 is to the Northward of both the laft, 
 and on the Coall, all three of them in th^ Coun- 
 try winch formerly was dilliiiguilird hy the 
 Name of /(../)-;//(■, we will iiow go back to 
 thit l)il\iid, withinS I.eaguesof I'lijcil.t, wliich 
 was calld lc;c.ici, where the Spi/iiaith have 
 built the Town they call .S'ei;.r./ dc l.i t'roniera. 
 The upiKT Part was formerly, and is rtill nilia- 
 bited b^ the Natives, thelowtr by i\k Sp.ini i>- li -^ 
 hilt a'l of it Is built on Rocks, li) that it hacl 
 HOIK hut Kiui- Water, till they had lome brought 
 fiont ii River that falls frum the Muumaiiis of 
 
 Tltfiiili. After faying fo much of thefe principal 
 Places, the others of lels Note will not deferve 
 any particular Mention to be made of them. 
 
 Guaxaca 
 
 As well as Tiifcalit reaches from Sea to Sea, be- 
 ing on that narrow Part which joins North and 
 South Americi, having that Province, and the 
 Bay of Afexico on the North ^ the fnne Kav 
 and T.ib.ij'ct) on the Eaft, Chiip.i and the South 
 Sea on the South, and the fame Sea and Tt.ifcila 
 on the Weft. It runs near too Leagues along the 
 South Sea, 50 along the !5av of Mexico^ and ex- 
 tends near 1 20 I eagues along the fide of Tl.ifc.il.i, 
 but not above 50 on that of Chi.ipa. In it are 
 comprehended feveral ancient Nations or Pro- 
 vinces, the chiefeft whereof is the Valley of r;«.«- 
 x,ir /, giving Name to the red, and that of Mar- 
 qilefs del I'^.ille U] t'efdiri.trid C'ortrz., the firll Con- 
 querour of that Country, being 16 I eagues in 
 length, S) S*>uth from A^cxicn^ and in 18 De- 
 grees 1 atitiide, according to Hfner.i Ani\ others. 
 Here are (jold and Silver Mines, Cryftal, and 
 fome Stones of (mail \'alue, and the I and pro- 
 duces much Wheat, Cacao, Cochineal, andCaf- 
 fia Hiliila, of which the Curious may fee a par- 
 ticular Account in Fiimcis Ximctics. The Air 
 is (erene and healthy, and much Silk is made 
 here, beranfe they have W'oiids of Mulberry- 
 Trees, which Productions make all the Natives 
 live at Eafe, and in great Plenty. There are 
 reckon'd in this Province 5^0 confiderable Towns 
 ol the Natives, befide»ab(>vre 300 Villages, ami 
 among them above 120 Monaileries of Religi- 
 ous Men, and feveral Colleges of Clergy. 
 
 Except the X'alley of (n:.ix,ica, moft other 
 Parts are Mountainous, and vet extraordinary 
 fruitful in all forts of ur>.fiil Trees and Plant-. 
 All the Rivers roul Cjolden Sands, which the 
 Natives ('ometimes take the Pains :o gather, and 
 (ell for Provifions and other Necelfirie-, taking 
 no care as long as tiiat lalls to labour for any 
 more, but when their Stock is fpent, they repair 
 to the Rivers again. That which was formerly 
 the Province ot Afijhc.i, runs along between 
 'Ti.tfcil.i and the \'a!ley of O'tixati, I'litcpeijuc 
 is on tlte South of the laid \'a! ey, Z-iporcca on 
 the North of it , and (tiriz.ichilio towards the 
 Eall, but at prcfeiit all thefe, as has been laid, 
 are comprehended under the ^rovince of Ou.i- 
 
 .V./f.(. 
 
 Anteqiicra is the Capital City of this Province, 
 a Billiop'sSee, 80 Miles South of /1/ev/fD, in the 
 Iweet X'alley oi CiniKici, on the Road through 
 ChLip.t to GiuriM.d.i , and it is fometiines call d 
 by the Name of the Province. O'.r^c is much 
 milfaken when in ipeaking of the City and X'al- 
 ley of 0'/^;v«i.', he lays the L.tter is 15 Miles in 
 length, and ten in breadth, whereas nothing is 
 more certain, than th.it it is 40 Miles in length, 
 and near 20 in breadth, if we may believe all the 
 Sn.iniii)d.< tiiat ever inei.tion'd it. To return ti' 
 the City, it contains 'everal Thouliiiid (•ainilie*., 
 Spmiirdi^ and Natu'es, and has a very llately 
 Cathedral. 
 
 The next Town of Note is 5. lUforjj de lis 
 Ziputnit', ,".0 1 eagues from j-/«tfi7.Yf;./, leated in 
 a Territory rich in Ciold, Cotton, and Indi I'l 
 Wheat, and on a Hill, formerly the ilibitatioiiit 
 liidiiM) , call'd .1/ .;<(', who were tall of Sta- 
 ture, aiidhad^reat beards, wliitli was a Rar;(/ 
 
'N EW.SPA1N, 
 
 16:^ 
 
 in /imeyitt. The third i> S.trti.n.''', c.ili'd Ncxn- 
 /).< from t!ie \';ilk"v it ftandi in, th- (oiirth £//)/- 
 riiH S.vno in th^- Diilriil of (.j:<ax,uv.iko. 
 
 Tabafco 
 
 ts a final! iM.uitim;.' I'rovince, extending a- 
 hmt. 40 I f.:ii',iHS (rrm Eail to VVcft alonu the 
 (nilpli of Aiotiio^ whicli is its Northern Boun- 
 davv, but the breadth is lefs, and on the F.ai^ 
 it joins xnTitc,itan\ on tlie Soutliit is parted by 
 Mountains from ycr,i P tz. and Chi.ip'-, and on tlie 
 VVelV it has the Territory of Ciiia'^atoalco of 
 the l-'rovinceof (iiuxact. 
 Mort wf iliisCountry is flat and moiil,witbmany 
 Marflies and 1 akes, breeding abundance of Filli. 
 The Air is exceliive damp, by reafon it rains 
 9 Months in iz, and it is no lei's hot, which 
 breeds infinite niiiltitodes of Gnats-, yet the Soil 
 is rich, protUicint!,inur!i /«^7.»h Wheat, and Ca- 
 cao, «licn'in conliils the principal Wealth of 
 the CoMtitrv. The Natives of this Province 
 were '.•xtrac.vdinary driv.kers of Cjoc.il.tte^ and 
 from them chiefly the Sp.miards learnt it, and 
 havefi'ue impartid it to all i'/ocpc 
 
 lie only ip.;;"/// Town liere is call'd Tabnfco, 
 nr All j}' :i Se>ii>i:i de ht r.'triri.-}, that is, onr La- 
 dy of \ i^lcTV, from a j^reat one Corrci obtain 'd 
 thereat his fiill Arrival. The River Grij.itva 
 here is lar|.;,e, but lliallow within iie Month. 
 Thrc I cagnesfrom the City another River falls 
 into the Sea at two Mouths, one of them pal- 
 fing by the Town of T.ib.ij'tinillo, tlie remainder 
 of that of Potonchmt^ Cortez. found at liis Land- 
 iii(4 there. There is another River call'd S. I'e- 
 tcr and 5 PmiI, wliicli has a narrow Mouth, 
 but deep, and very clear, and (warming vvitli 
 excellent Fifli. IIk Mcxk-ius, whilft tlieir Mo- 
 narcliy Hood , had (.■arrilons throughout this 
 Country. This Coaft , from September till the 
 end of Af.inh, ib (ubjefl to tempeftuons North, 
 North-ealt, and Nortli-weft Winds, which ren- 
 der it dangerous Sailing in it during that time. 
 
 Yucatan 
 
 Had tliis Name given it in the Year 1517, 
 when Frctncis Hcrn.videz. firft dilcover'd it, and 
 was then thought an Kland, as well it might, 
 being a Peninfula, running out into the Sea ico 
 leaguis in length, and join'd to the Continent 
 by a very narrow lllhmus at 'Eib.ifco^ and ^'''■■» 
 J'lt, Its Situation between 16 and f\ Degrees 
 of North latitude, theCiulph of /i/ci/fo walh- 
 ing its Well and North (ides , and that of 
 Jhndiir.is the tall and South, excepting only 
 the Ivnall Ifthmus, or Neck of Land above-nicn- 
 ticn'd. 
 
 The Temper of the Air is very lirit, and tliere 
 is never a River in all this great i'enindila, 
 wluth, iieverthelels, lias no want of Water, 
 fiiiuui^h the innuinerable iiuiltitiide of Wells. 
 Wherelbcver ility dig up the land, they find 
 abundaute of Slicll^, whiih, witli the lowiiels 
 of the C^ountry, and llialluwnef!, of the Sea a- 
 twut it, li.ive uiv>.ii iiuiiy luificient ground to 
 believe ilur the greaielt Part of it was once 
 i.iaUr Water, llieir Winter begins in Oilo- 
 it', and lalis nil the end of Almb, during 
 v.lnch time there is Icavce any Rain, but in 
 '■ iininer , be^innnig in ./p //, and lalhng till the 
 ';.J <>i Scinc'.bsi It irtins coiitiiuially, yet they 
 
 Sow and Reap, but it affords no Ftiropean Grain 
 or Fruit, nor does it yield any Gold or other 
 Metal. 
 
 The Natives us'd to'lliy, thev had a Traditi- 
 on from their Fore-fatliers, thit the tirll Inhabi- 
 tants of the Country came thitiier from far Kaft- 
 ward, and tiiat tlieir God liad parted the Wa- 
 ters on both (i<<es for them to rafs. The .s>j- 
 ri.irds add, that in this only PeninCula they 
 found (oine Ihadow of Baptilin, which the Na- 
 tive's calW a licond Birth, or Regeneration, 
 lookijigupon it asa fecurity again(tallthe Snares 
 of Evil Spirits. 
 
 Tliroughout all this Province they found many 
 Striii'hircs of Stone , which they had not before 
 leen in any other Part, and thefe were their Tem- 
 ples. At prelent the Country is full of black Cat- 
 tel and Horfes, and produces much Cotton and 
 Indigo. A Ridge of low Mountains runs froin 
 the City oiSM.tm.wca in the Wefi:,(iuite acrol^ the 
 i^jvince to the F.aft, and divides it into two 
 Parts, the Sourhern whereof is ill-peopl'd and 
 worfe cultivated , for want of Water -, but the 
 Northern is very populous, for tho' t!ie Sun be 
 very Hot, it is moderated by the conihnt Bree- 
 zes. However the Mountain Country is the heal- 
 thieft. 
 
 The Capital City is Aferida, about iz Leagues 
 from the Sea, in 20 Degrees of North latitude, 
 wliich is the Refidence of the Governour, and a 
 Bifliop's See. The next is KilbdoUd, 5 1 Leaftues 
 to the South-ealV of tlie other, about which there 
 arc above 5COOO Indians wlio pay Tribute to the 
 Sp:iniM-ds. The thircl is Campahc , almoil 50 
 Leagues South- wed from AFerid.i, on the Shoar 
 that looks towards A^etv-Sp.tl/i. This Name was 
 given it from a Ibrt of Wood like Brazil, us'd by 
 Dyers, wheroof great Qiiantities are tranfported 
 into Europe. C.impetht is a fair Town (landing on 
 the Coail 111 a fmall bending of land, and is tlie 
 only Town on all this Coalt that (lands open to 
 the Sea ., it makes a fine fliew, being all built of 
 good Stone ; tl'e lioufes are not high but the 
 Walls very ftrong,the Roofs flattifh after theSpj- 
 iiiflj falhion covcr'd with Pan tile. There is a (trong 
 Citadel or lort at one End planted with Guns, 
 where the Governour refides with a fmall Garri- 
 fon. Though this Ft)rt commands the Town and 
 Harb<jur,it has been twice taken, lirft by Sir Chri- 
 Jlop'^er Mints by Storm in 1659, and the fecond 
 tiineby the Bucaneersin 1678 bv Surprize. The 
 Town is not very rich, the chiefell Manufafturc 
 is Cotton Cloth, which with Salt is tl>e Trade of 
 the Place •, formerly it was the Market for Log- 
 wood, but now the EngUjh from 'Jamaica Land in 
 the neighbouring Countrey,and Cut it themfelves. 
 'Tis on account of this Commodity that the Bay of 
 Ciw/yift/;;- is become notable. Logwood '\<i the Heart 
 of a Tree tliat grows ig this Country <jf i'licaran ^ 
 and no wliere ell'e. The Tree is like a White- 
 Thorn but mudi larger,being fomctime 5 or 6 foot 
 aboar, the outer part is white, and therefore cut 
 away till the heart, which is red, appears ■, tliisis 
 uilful in Dying, and therefore a valuable Commo- 
 dity. It is but within 20 or 30 Years paft, that 
 the l'!i,clij// have known the Tree -, which they; firft 
 found out at Cape C.iroib the Eaft- point of this 
 Land, but Iiaving foon cut all near the Coaft there, 
 they have fiiice cut it at the Kllimus which they 
 enter at Trie/ie Illand, (eated at the bottom of the 
 Bay , about 40 Leag'ws S. W. trom Campeche. 
 (^D.i/npia:) 
 
 U o o 2 Laftly, 
 
 If 
 
 ^ 
 
 !' 
 
 11 
 
i6^ 
 
 MEXICO; Or 
 
 Liftly, S.i/.^wdwf.iftandsyol.eaEUCsSoiith-weft row ( , and Well ward tli.it ef rw.<., •lu-.^'iui'd 
 from AUiid.iy is in aDillnOV which was formerly bv/l/f.v/f.w. In all thcle l-'rcviiuc'., wlii-icothi'i' 
 
 Call'd ClictciH.il. Ciwpecljc \\\\i aiiothor Province, 
 where is now the City of' the fame name. Cochu- 
 aquc was a Mountain Province, where are the 
 Towns of inlina and Ch.ihh, and next to it is that 
 of CiH ti^vnU. In the North eall was the Territo- 
 ry of C'ntch'n!i:.it, adjoining to it that of the Co- 
 
 Authors are not nam'd, we have pniKipallv fol- 
 low'd tlic inidoubted Authority of itcrnru^ and 
 where he fails, Liter, O'o/iiar.i^Oviitio and .S (///(,//. 
 I. etiis next proceed to the Dilojvery, (.'w:i lucft, 
 and Ancient Hillory. 
 
 CHAP. IX. 
 
 Containing the Difcovery, Conqucft, and Hiftory of NEW-SPAIN. 
 
 Columbus haviiiE; firft Difcover'd yimcrica , 
 beginning with the !(land«, and tlien pro 
 cecdinji to Gnne Parts of the Coiitiiient, 
 fevfral otiier Adventurers fet oiit/ome from 5p:/;V/, 
 and otliers fri>m the l(land> already fubdu'd, to 
 make their Fortunes by findins lime New 1 aiids. 
 In the Year 1517, t'rMcis HcmanJcz. tie Cordov:!, 
 fell upon the Coaft of Tuctt.tn, and difcover'd 
 from Ciripcehe, as far along the Continent, as 
 5. Jnlmtir Vlt.i. In 151S, jjli'i de Grij,itv.i, fet 
 out by J.ttr.es yel.ijiiiiez, Guvernour of C'/i.!, rail 
 aloiij; tlie fame ro,ii>,butdid nothint; of moment. 
 
 That fame Year thdinindCnrtet.^ ^vas fet out 
 by the fame Goveriiour of G(/'./, witli 10 Ships, 
 508 Soldiers and 109 Sailers. His firft Conqucft 
 was over the Town of Takifio , but removing 
 thence he came tt) 5. Jolri de Vlv.t in 1519, 
 where he contnui'd fome Months, and having 
 broke up his Ships, that !iis Men miftht have \\» 
 Hopes of retiiriiing, and K-aving a Garrilbn I'l 
 the Fort he built^ he in //«<«// advanc'd with 400 
 Men towards tfie Province of T/.//(.//^/, which 
 was a Potent Cominunwe.iltli, and always at War 
 witli tlie inii^hty Emperor of A/f.v/co, Alnmet.um.'i. 
 TIk 'nij'cii!!.!»' fearing left the Spmiiardi iliould 
 prove Friends to tlieir Enemies the Mexic^wi, re- 
 (lilv'd toule their utinoft Endeavours to deftroy 
 them. Accordingly they laid ^cxJooMen in Am- 
 hufli, and loco others appearing drew the Sp.i- 
 tiinrdi into tlie D:i'is;er. who they were very near 
 perilliing,bcin^ enrlos'ciand in a narrow Compafs, 
 till lo'ciiig through .and (jpening themiclves a way, 
 when tlif y had more Room for their few Horle 
 and (nnis, they loon made ilieir Enemies retire. 
 TlK-y being thus worfted, drew out all their For- 
 ces, amounting to above looooo fighting .Vlen, 
 wherewith they attack'd Corre!. tiiree Icveral 
 Days, and were every Time routed witli won- 
 derfiil Slaugliter. This Succefs of fo few Men a- 
 cainft fiich mighty Numbers fo very much daunted 
 nK'ILifit/Lut.i, tliat rhey prefently lent to fuefor 
 Peace, whicli was williiuily granted, and Carte:. 
 with his Forces receive! into the City. There he 
 cntcr'd into fucli a ftrirt Alliance with the Com- 
 monwealth , tliat tliev never after forfook lum, 
 but prov'd faithful to the SpMiunds in their ut- 
 inoft Extremities. 
 
 Tills Kepiiblick was creeled by a Race of Peo- 
 ple defrended from the B.irbarous ChUhimecas^ 
 who took PoiTellion of the Country, expelling 
 tlie ancient Inhabitants, and fetlinga Republican 
 tiovcrnment, maintain'd War agiiiift /t/eAr/to 70 
 ■^ears, their own l)omiiiions being 50 Leagues 111 
 l^xteiit, naturally Stroiii'., very trunlul in Corn, 
 .uid extraordniary Populous. 
 
 Coftei. having refrelli'd liisMcn xxTl.tfcal.t^not- 
 withllaiidini', all Perfuafions to the Contrarv, fet 
 out with aKei'ohition to enter the City of ^l/cvi'. 
 r«, as he did, and was receiv'd in friendly Man- 
 ner by tlie mij-jity Emperor, .'/".-./fc rm.t. To give 
 Ibineldeaof the Cne.itnelsof this Monarch, it is 
 fit to oblcrve, liiat h- had every Hay ;ccoL)ilhcs 
 (jf Meat, and as many Bowls of their Wine ferv'd 
 up to his Dinner, and neither Dilli nor Napkin 
 was ever us'd by him twice. His Palace had 
 three fpatious Courts, and many Stately Rooms 
 100 Foot long, befides abundance of lelVer Cham- 
 bers 25, or 30 Foursquare, and 100 Baths. Every 
 Thingaboutthele Rooms was rich, andthegrea- 
 tcft part of thfm were taken up by jcoo Women, 
 and the Gardens and Filli-nonds nelonging to it 
 were amazing. The City was Stupend;oiis, for it 
 contain'd 60COO Houfes, had three great .Markets, 
 where all Thin^^s iiectlT,iry for Human I ife were 
 Sold , and above ^cocxd Boats were coiitinu.illv 
 employ'd in the Service of it. The Temples 
 were many , the j.',reateft a ii.iglity Pile, but mod 
 remarkable fir the Inhuman Religion taui^ht and 
 praclis'd by the barbarous Pnelh, who there fa- 
 crific'd Thoufatuls of Men every Year, ripping 
 our their Hearts and llieddin ; t!\ir Blood, wiiicli 
 caus'd an mtokrahle Steiu!i,alt that could get am 
 Part, afierwarcU lealhng upon t!ie liodies of thole 
 luimaii \'ichin<. 
 
 But let us retiirii to C rtc. After. .1 conllc!e- 
 rable liay ni Akxiio, ibllrving that the Peopl: 
 grew weary and routriv'd his Deflruchon, he 
 leiz'd the Great Kniperour M'jme:.iii>: t, thiiikiiii^ 
 by that .Means to I'iCiirc Iiimfelf, and govern ab 
 Iblutely in /1/ce/fj, receiving infinite Sums of 
 Gold and Silver by way of Tribute. Wliilft lie 
 was in this Prol'perity, Jaum [■^etifjiiez., the Go- 
 veriiour of 0//;.i, who had fet him out, kiunving 
 that he acf>ed for Iiimfelf, without acknowledging 
 who had employ'd him, lent I'.tmfila A'.i>\;ic:. 
 with 18 Sail, and in them 85 !!orfe,8co Footard 
 1; Pieces of Cannon to reduce him by Force. 
 Cortcz. hearing that thefe Forces were 1 anded a- 
 gainft him at f-'cr.i-CiM :. , left I'eter dc yUvar,ida 
 vvith 150 Men to keep Pofleliion at AiexUr, and 
 march'cl away himlelfwith the Reft to meet A'.i;- 
 T.ffi, to whom he lent feveral Melle'igers with 
 Propofals of Accomaiodation , all of wliich ma- 
 iiag'd their Hulinefs Ibdexteroully that S'.irv.ic-Ji 
 own Men began Ibon to be agamfthim, and ma- 
 ny forfook hun. loputan Lnd to tlie Coiitro 
 verfy, Cnrivz. lurpri/.'d him in his Qii.irters at 
 Ze/fip'hil.i., took liim P iliiner, and all the .Men 
 t ime over to lus Service. 
 
 Ihi-- 
 
 whence 
 
 piy'ti. 
 
 As to t; 
 
 reyii , wl 
 
 /l/r.v,r-,(l 
 being red 
 
 Ml /J/f.V. 
 
 l)a\s, wit 
 was With 
 from a \Vi 
 gave him 
 lella raili 
 riy Inch a.' 
 t wo Spoil, 
 lers, aStoi 
 relented t 
 Subjc«' 
 iatioii to 
 conliderab 
 as was bel: 
 theWiHii'i 
 more likel 
 loving to 
 (■'orrt i. to 
 f.illcf reve 
 bill! by liii 
 of Ins l\',u 
 It, and i.u 
 in tnan\ 
 they left th 
 lation, aii[| 
 
N ElKS P AlK 
 
 265 
 
 I ' ii cl.'iU', he iTfiirii'cl witli all fpefd to Attxi- 
 »rt 'ori'lViK' Ins Mcti, wlu) he licard wire 111 Di- 
 :'uis, till' ( iiv takiTi:^ iip Anns ai^.niift I'lirui. 
 I hire \x was hrliiy.'d by the wl'ole Miiltitutlc nt 
 flu- Fdwi) , who made lurioiN Attacks upon liis 
 <^ii:irtiTs and were llill repnK'd with incredible 
 S'.iiii'.Iucr, v<t t'uv abated imtliinu of their lnrv, 
 l;i-'t;i; all rell.Wil ti) perilli, or diftrov the .V/m- 
 ,' .< -df. Ill tiiif, Cuiirz. feeinpj no I'.iid ol liis Coii 
 liiieinent, and liiat he miiil iiihcr be llarv'd out, 
 or oprrviVd by Numbers, h ■ march d out, fouj^hi 
 his Way throtii^h all tlie Citv , with tlie lols of 
 xyoof in-i Men, and all the Cannon and Baguage, 
 bclkKs 40 Horfi.'', and 4000 Clonlcderate Jiutians. 
 Wlu-n tiiev were i;.ot out into tiie open Country, 
 the y1^<A-/f.<'"puriird li.-veral Days loM^'.er, killum 
 above ico Men more .incl loinc llori'es, but at Ult 
 the poor remainder i;ot life to '/'/.i/t ;/;, where 
 thcv w'erefavunrabU receiv'd, and fupply'd with 
 all 'l'hiiui,s ilie\, ciiukl delire. 
 
 0;»7fiiiavintJ retVeOi'd his Men, loft no Time, 
 hut fubdu'd tlie I'rovince of Tepeic.i and other 
 I'.irts, and liavinn provided all Necediries, and 
 13 Imall Krii;antines to Sail on the Lake ui'A/txi- 
 (v, which he rarry'd over Land, lie march'd out 
 with about Sco Spii.'i.iy.is and looooo TLiJchImis, 
 with which lorres he laid Sies»e totliat vail Citv 
 of /I/c.v/ff, fubdu'd all the Country about it, and 
 at l.ilt m.ide hiinlllf MaiU-r of the IMace, by which 
 he brou!ii,ht under a t;reat I"mpireiind made Way 
 for his future Succelies, for hence enfu'd tliefub- 
 duing of Mn l"><-'C in, C;;m.v.«v/, 7 '.ibnjco and Tin ■!■ 
 tiin. 111 a continual Courfe of Succelfes, and tluis 
 was laid the loundatioii of all the enfuiiiji Coii- 
 qneih i for from hence, i'ume Ipreail tikiiifclves 
 into the Northi-rn I'arts as far as 40 Ueftreesof 
 latitude, as has been lliow'd, and others delcen- 
 ded towards South ^moici AuA Peru, which 
 could not have been lo eafily coiuiuer'd but for 
 the precedint; reducing of all that Continent of 
 iViir Sp.iin, where Sp.miards began to fwarin, and 
 whence thoie Eiiterpriiies Southward were lup- 
 ply'd. 
 
 As to the Manner o{Afontcz.iim.i'i Death, Ho- 
 rem, who law aU the Orignial Accounts trom 
 /l/f.v,f',delivLrs it tiius. CuircL and the Sp.ini.irds 
 hang rediic'd to threat Dilhelsm their Quarters, 
 Ml .i/f.v.io, the hidi.ins attacking them for feveral 
 l)a\s, with unlpeakable Fury, Aloutiuon.i, who 
 was with c «vfr;,o(rer d to fpeak to the Multitude 
 hum a Window, hoping to appeaic them. They 
 gave him a Hearing, but as loou as lie iiad done 
 tell a railing and reviling ol hun b;tterlv, and let 
 riv (uchaSliowerof ArrowsaiidStoiie>, tliatiiu)' 
 two i^p.niUirds iJood to cover him with their Buck- 
 lers, a Stone hit him on the Temples. 1 le io hig'ily 
 lefented this Aftront and the Dilrelpecl: ol Ins 
 Sublet', that he would never futfcr any Appli- 
 cation to tlie Hurt, which was look'd upon as in- 
 coiU'iderable of it lelf-, \ti\K dy'd the 4th Day, 
 as was believ"d ratlier of Cjnef and \ exatioii than 
 tlie Wound, tho' it was not dreis'd. This was the 
 more likelv , becaufe he all the while appear'd 
 loving to ihe SpDiiii.ds, and at his Death cliarg'd 
 Corw:.. to take Care if his Children, and not to 
 fail if reveii;.iiu,4the AiVrontand Indignity otfer'd 
 hiin by his People. Jitjji.i gives the lame Account 
 of his Death, onlv addnu;, that the /«//.!«> deny 
 it, and lay they found his Body Stabb'd ihroiigfi 
 111 tnauy l^Lices , in the .S;./';.y/; Q;uu-ti.r>, when 
 they kftlhcm. 6'w.vj,;--..' agrees with //f/.e/.A Re- 
 lation, and (i.hy dt'livcr^ the la \k ; lo ili.it there 
 
 dii>- not appear any Ground toiiucftion the Truth 
 of tlie Faa. 
 
 Having thus brieHv run over the Dilioverv 
 and Conqueft oi Aftxico, it only vem.iiii'!, that 
 we add loinething of its Hiftory , whidi rrult 
 need> beverv obiirure, it being well knownth.it 
 tholl- I'fople had no ufeof 1 titer'^ •, to make (ome 
 amends for which Want, they had a ibrt of Kunt- 
 ing, which with the Tradition deliver'd down by 
 woid of Mouih, preferv'd fomc little dark Know- 
 ledge of former Ai'.es. It is iieedlrfs to run too 
 lar back, where we are fiire of nothing but Fa- 
 bL's, as there arc very many and thofe mcmllrous 
 ones, about thefirft coming of the A^exkavs in- 
 to that Province fo call'd ; whence they came they 
 knew not, but that it was from the Northward, 
 and that they were of tlie Race of the Chichmt- 
 CM, to which they add that they left their former 
 Seats by the Command of their ( jod Hiiitz.iliputUij 
 whoafter many Years wandring, at length con- 
 duced them to the l.akc, and Ihow'd tlicin the 
 Place where they were to fettle , ereftiiig his 
 Temple intheMidft, and dividing theinfelves in- 
 to four Quarters or Wards about it, which were 
 diftinguilli'd into other Siib-divifioiis, with every 
 one its lelfer Tutelar God. 
 
 When they were thus fetiled, they began to 
 order their Civil Government, and in order to 
 It chofe them a King, v/hich wis yUam.ipnhtU, 
 the Son of a A'fcxn.in I'rince, by a Daughter of 
 the King of Ciihuc^m. This rais'd their Repu- 
 tation, which before ran very low , and there- 
 fore the 7 i-p.iwcM, to whom they were tributary, 
 opprels'd them, Hill impoliug new Burdens, and 
 as their Stories tell us, demanding Fhiiigs above 
 Nature, whicli ftill they perform'd by the Help 
 of their God Hiiitz.i:p:iix.li ; hut thole Fablcswe 
 may well pal's by. ytc.irmtpird. reign'd 40 Years 
 inthis Subjeflion, anddiing left not the Crown 
 to his Children, but give the People their full Li- 
 berty to choofe his Succeflor. 
 
 The Veople in Ret'irn made Choice of his Son 
 fitdloiilfli, or H:iiul.:nhtli , who marry'd the 
 Daughter of the King of yUcupHzaUoj or the 
 Tep.mec.tr, and llie prcvail'd to have all the Tri- 
 bute paid her Father to bereduc'd to only a cou- 
 ple of Geefe and fome Filli, winch was a raighty 
 hale-, but to cpialify this Joy Ihe dy'd, and her 
 1 iiisliand the following Year, when he had reign 'd 
 but 15, leaving a Son at the Age of 10, whole 
 name was Cbi/n.Jpotioca. 
 
 Him they immediately inthron'd, and the City 
 being in want of Water, becaufe that of the Lake 
 was muddy, they lent to the King of jiutipn- 
 Z..1IC0, to grant t'lem leave to bring Water from 
 the Mountain of Cfj-iptt/rrpfc, which they did, but 
 the Aqiieduft being of Canes, loon taircl,and then 
 they lent to the fame King to demand all NecefTa- 
 ries of him, for making a iolid Aqueduftof Stone. 
 Tlkfe repeated fJcmands the Tep.wecas look'd up- 
 on as an Affront, and therefore enter'd into a 
 bloody War with tlie //cv/cm/, which made the 
 old King die for Grief, and the Tepanccu ftealing 
 hnoA/exIco by Night, murder'd the young C/;/- 
 iHitlpipoc.i, 
 
 1 he Afexlcmf vowing revenge, elefted Ii.coatl, 
 Son to their firft King, to fucceed in the Throne, 
 and lie heading his People overthrew t!ie Tcp.: 
 utcts, plunder'd anddeluoy'd their Capital City 
 of .iu.tpiiL.dco, and purium^ thole that Hed in- 
 to the Mountains, entir.lv brouglit them nnder 
 bubjeftion, dividing tlie Liojtvand Lardi among 
 
 hi'. 
 
 ii«y 
 
 r 
 
 f 
 
 mH 
 
 .i>Vi| 
 
 'I. in 
 
 f I 
 
 iiii 
 
 
i66 
 
 MEKICO', Or, 
 
 ills own MfiT. TIti« Siirrtf* onrdiirii^'d him to 
 t'litlur I.nri.i|iri7.i>,,iiicl ;ici<)r<!innl\ !ii:iiinnucr'cl_ 
 Tambi mA G'\''-i(.w, who bet'iiit' liatt I'lmccs i:^ 
 thfiri)Wn,anfliilinolUlillr()V (I thc.SV«7;;/;;(7to.',\vho 
 were the fiill Inli.ibitaiitsof tli.' Lake. Tlio Kim', 
 of Cuiil iv.ii I voliMit.irilv fiibinitttd and own'd 
 Iiim for his Sovercit;ii, hv \vli:chinMiis tIie/1/t.Vi- 
 cans becimt M.ilK'r> uf ;ill .tbout thoin. Tliis was 
 done 111 only 12 Yeai's /worf// leijiii'd, who ilieii 
 dy'd, nnd 
 
 AUljici.itf/:i^ tlic sth Kiiu'o bur of anotlicr la- 
 mily was cholVn. lie firit bioii!;ht up ihciiiliu- 
 jn.iii Cullom, that ii» Kitii^ IlionUl bL- Crowii'd till 
 he had lacnfit'd (ome Caiitivcs taken b\ himltlt 
 ill Way, and to this I'nrpole pnk'd a Quarrel 
 with the IVople of tlio i'lovinieoi ClutUn^ Uyw 
 wlioin he t(ii-k fcveral l^rilinurs and lacrifu'd 
 thctn on his C^oronation-Day. Cii.iLo bein;" llib- 
 dii'd, the new Kiii^; llill relolv'd to extend the 
 Limits ■'! his Iviinnre, and artordin^;!^ was in 
 continual Wars with hii Neijibouis. Yet he 
 ere(;kd a (lately I'aljcclor biuil'eU', and a Tem- 
 ple f )r his (.11x1, and dv'd when lie had reinn'd 
 28 Veai . 
 
 The Elei'"tor$ meeting chofe 7/.;£.'f';W, Unkle 
 and (ciier.H to tlie lali Kiiii^, who would not ar- 
 tq'toi tlie'Mown, but ineierr'd lico-iiiii., Son 
 to the late Kuif;,w!i'iiii \\\cAlex c un loon poilon'd, 
 becaufc he was no Soldier, and lublhtuted liii Hro- 
 t'ler ytx.i^.ic.ic ill lii% I'late. His tiiU Expedition 
 'v.isai^ainit the I'roviiueof Tl/K./.o/rr/ift, wliirh lie 
 inlireiv liildu'd , as he did tlie City and petty 
 K'n;^doin (,f 'I'LiicLlio, and dy'd aft^T a Rci^n of 
 only II Years. 
 
 The 8;h King was Ahitit:.otl^ wlio before his 
 roroiiatioii, made V\ ar with the Oiiiix..i.nl.ws, 
 and extended his CoiH|ue!ls a» far A^Ciii.ii.ni.dn. 
 The Aiixu.in Story inloriiis us, tiiat at the D.di- 
 fatioii of t!ie Temple ui i'J,:iti.ilipi<idi, this Inhu- 
 inaii Kin-; lacriliccl 6.jcSo Men , m the cotnpals 
 of four l;>i\,s. lliis L'evil dy'd 111 the iith Year 
 of his .\^e. 
 
 Next loliim was chofen Atonici.nm.'^ whom the 
 Spiitii-^t\i> found on the Throne, and whole Name 
 fii^nifies i\ngry Lord. Before his l-.ltitioii he ap- 
 pear d extraordinary Grave, Modell, and Hypo- 
 critically i\.elij;ious, which recoimiiended liiui to 
 the Electors, and atlcr Ins Inlhillmcnl he lliow'd 
 more of li:s liaughty Temper , turning away all 
 his Sei vaiits o( tlie Common Sort, and refuliii^ to 
 be lerv'd by any but the Nobility. Then he 
 fubdu'd a Nation towards the NorthSea, whicli 
 had revolted, and retununj; with abundance of 
 I'riloners toSacntice, to.>kiuch mij;iity State up- 
 on liiin, that he wa^oluiult ador'das at-iod. be- 
 fore the comiiij'.of the Sjuan.iiUs^ the Jn.liaiii tell 
 of many l*rodi\;ies, v.liich prela;j,'d tlie Dowulall 
 of tlieir tinpire ; but iliole hollies are not wortli 
 oblerviiii;. VVlkii Mui,ui.iwhi heard of their Ar- 
 rival on lii> Coalls, he was much ama/.'d, and u»'d 
 all Means to divert ilkiu I'rom toiniiiiJ to l/fi/iff, 
 but tjod having decreed the Dtltruaioii ot that 
 barbarous Kmpn e,all liu Endeavours were in vain, 
 and C'-'/i^-^ oveithrew all Ins Lower, as has been 
 lliown above. 
 
 i^.iiihuiijfi-'. was chofeii Succellor to ,1.'m,7c- 
 v.//.', but his Reitiii provd Ibort and iiiileiablc, 
 
 lie lTiii?,tai<fii in Afixico h\ Coriez., The Account 
 of tliole' Kini^s 1' miii!i tlic f.'.ine in Acf'-i, Ho- 
 rer.i, (lom.Di , the Jiui. in painted Anna!<, Ltet 
 and (itmclli^ all wliom we Iiave examin'd to i^ne 
 tliis lliort Ahftra<F>. Only 6■.1^^ will have I'lt^,- 
 lovinli to bo the firlt Kin^ , aivl Acimipltdt tli: 
 lecond •, tho' all Aiithtii'. whatfoever make his Se- 
 cond full and his lirft Second. 
 
 If will eafily appear by wlwt has been fiid. tliat 
 this Finpire was imthin;', near fo i^vcat as the hi- 
 lii.iiis reprefented it, the fartheft Extent bcint; to 
 the South ealK and that only as far .is 6'« )f/'/«.!/,j, 
 and Northward it reacli'd but a verv little way ^ 
 belides tliat Afcct)i>,ic.w,TI ilml.t and 'lepr.ic.i were 
 never fubdu'd, and all of them lay witliina verv 
 few 1 caiques of the City o( Afexiio. Then as for 
 Duration, wc lind but Nine Kini;s to have fuc- 
 reeded one anotlier, belkies tlie lall not worth 
 inciitionini;', li> that in all Refpects this Moiiar- 
 cli\ is infinitely inferionr to that ot Pern, as we 
 lliall fee in treating of that Couiitrs . 
 
 As to the (lovennnent, there Is no Queftion, 
 but it was as politick and Civili/.'d as any other 
 wjiatfiever, the ('rown bellmv'd bv Elefiion, but 
 Afunteuma was become a mofV abloUite M iiiarcli, 
 and there was bttlc to blame in his Manaj^emeiit 
 of Temporal AlKiirs. Yet if we come to their 
 Kelif;ion, titerelball wc find all the Ifirbarity and 
 Inluimanity of DeviU ratlier than Brutes, for their 
 Sacrifices as has been fiid wereof Men,and looco 
 are faid to have been butcher'd tins way 111 a 
 Year, not forsettiiij^ what was inflanc'd above of 
 ^/;/(i/io//y llaujihtering 64080 in 4 r)a\>'. The 
 Mniner was to ripout the Heart of the Xicftim 
 and call it (iill leaping into the face of the Idol, 
 the !>ody at the lame time beinR kick'd down the 
 Steps tliat were before ir. To this End they fat- 
 red the Slaves and eat tliem that were facrific'd. 
 Tliey liad another curfed Lrae'lice, which was to 
 flea a Slave and draw liis Skin upon another, who 
 went ahout the City begging for the Temple in 
 that F/iuipage, and ftriking Inch as would not 
 give, over tlie Lace with (omc of the Skin. 
 
 Chriftianity has long fince put an End to all 
 tliofe HelliOi Praftices, the whole Nation being 
 converted, and all thofe Diabolical Rites not fo 
 mncli iis known among them. It is true , Men 
 whofc Talent lies in railing at all tlie World, 
 make It their Bufinefs to inveigh againil: thefe Peo- 
 ple and the S'iniitrds both ■, but in all Countries 
 it is likely tliere are more ill than good Livers, 
 every Nation lias its Vices, and the J/idn/a arc 
 not exempt from their bailings, which are none 
 <if the (mallefl-, as cruelty, when they have Power 
 to lliow it ^ Lewdnefs even to corntni<ting of In- 
 ce(l witli their own Mothers and Sifters ^ Thie- 
 ving, Cheating, Lallbood of Heart, Beaftlinefs in 
 tlicir Way ot living, and Stupidity in Dying. 
 Thele ancl otiier horrid Crimes have oblig'cl tfie 
 Sp:wi,irds to treat them witii the utmoft Rigour, 
 without which, how couUl lucii a Handful of Men, 
 have prelerv'd tlie Superiority over lo many Mil- 
 lions, as they keep under, notwithftanding the 
 lo much inculcated Lallliood, as if the S Mi,init 
 li.id delhoy'dall the Natives i but it is Time to 
 have done with Afexiio and proceed. 
 
 CHAP. 
 
NEPV.SPJIN. 
 
 i67 
 
 C H A P. X. 
 
 Of the Third Divifion of N B W-S PAIN, being the Provinces Subica 
 to the Audicncia, or Sovereign Court ofGUATlMALA. 
 
 ^ |~^H 1 S great Diftrirt, under which are fcve 
 I rill Provinri''i,as we (hall (bon fee,is bouiid- 
 -*• cd b\ cHl' I'rovinces of Giuxac/i and Ti- 
 h.tjin^ which arc the iitinolV of llie linirdidion 
 of the Soveri" ■" Court of / fexico, and this is all 
 tlie Houmlar^ has by 1 and lo the Northward, 
 all the other 'orthern and Eaftern Part beinji' 
 walird by the North-Sea, except that fmall Neck 
 of 1 and on tJK- Eail, whit!) joins fertteni to the 
 Province of TVtrr^) FjVwjc, or the Virm land, of 
 Soutli Atntrici, which \ialt all tite South md Well 
 fide to the Northward , is again cxpos'd to the 
 South Sea. 1 he 1 tni;th of it alon^ the South 
 Sea, from Sinith-eall to North-weft is above 300 
 leagues. The Breadth io very uncertaia, bcinj^ 
 150 IcaRties where hrgeft , and not jo where 
 iiarrowelt. 
 
 The Name of Cnatimalrt is j^iven it from the 
 Province of that Name, and the City of Sjiitiap^n 
 We Ciii.iti/nnt I ni it, where the SovereifV' Court is 
 fixt. ThisCoi itry as it is now divided into fe- 
 veral Proviices, fo was it bcfor-: the Sp.wi.irJs 
 diliover'd it, lubjeft to an intinite Number of 
 Cacique, or Petty King", or Lords, every little 
 Town or Village having a I'linee of its own, as 
 fliall be lliown in the Partii ular Defcriptions. 
 
 The DilVoverers and Conquerors werealfo ma- 
 nv,aiid very great tlie l.ofTes (iiflain'd before thuli- 
 Petty I'rinces could be brought nnder •, but the 
 i)efire of Wealth overcame all DiiTiculties, for no 
 lllandor Part of the Continent Iiad ^ivcn grea- 
 ter Hopes of mighty Trealure in (iold than moll 
 of this. Wherel'oever Ships touch'd upon this 
 Coaft, they met with Plenty of that Metal, and 
 
 Chiapa. 
 
 Soconufto. 
 Vera Paz. 
 
 Guatimala. 
 Honduras. 
 
 SCinlid Real. 
 Chi.ip.1. 
 J a: pat I. in. 
 Ctp.inaiutzjla. 
 
 {a. 
 
 the more Covetous the Spam\trds appear'ii of it, 
 the more Pains the Natives tcxik to ciaivintc 
 them of the great Plenty there was of it far- 
 ther on. 
 
 The Natives were not fo Salvage as fome have 
 endeavour'd to rrprelent them, they had all ra- 
 tional Forms of Government, and (omc of them 
 better Notions of Religion, tnan mofl of our An- 
 cient Idolaters, tho' tnc Generality were ftupid 
 enoui;h. Their going fo naked , may rather be 
 alcrib'd to the Heat than any want of Under- 
 flandingtoCloath themfelves. For Fertility fcarce 
 any Parts exceed i! the Fruits are infinite of all 
 Sorts. Indian ("orn is every where Plentiful, the 
 many Waters produce Plenty of Gral's , efpe- 
 cially along the Hills,which Feeds numerousFlockg 
 and Herds of Cattle. 
 
 rhefe (Countries abound in Cacao^ before men- 
 tion'd, and now well known to us, oeing the Nut 
 whereof Chocolate is made, a Drink generally us'd 
 by all thofc People, who had no VViiie, as both 
 >-/(»/?.( and Xc'.fwn teftify, who inform us, that 
 the Nut pafs'd among them for Money, 5, iO,;o, 
 ^o, or a greater Number being r,iven in exchange 
 for other Things, and that contiiiu'd many Years, 
 being fcarce out of ufeat thisTime •, and the Li- 
 quor made of it , is well known to be pleafant 
 and nourilliing. 
 
 The Divilionof this Government is into Eight 
 feveral Provinces, eidi of which contains (everal 
 Petty lordOiips or ' . tions u( Indians , as they 
 werebctore tlie Comiuell, but fince r.-duc'd iuto 
 tlie preiL'nt Form, with luch Principal Cities, or 
 Towns, as are here fpecify'd. 
 
 lop.i 
 
 "i Ciuvettiin. 
 
 7t''c>a Pa:.. 
 
 . AHguflin. 
 ' Santiiigr, 
 \San Siilvitdor. 
 .Im Vrinid.td. 
 )S. AligHcl, 
 Xeres. 
 
 Cl'Mildnlul. 
 y ;>■</(■/.() a Dios. 
 yS. I'edrn. 
 ' rruxiilo. 
 'S. George de Olnncho, 
 
 Chiapa 
 
 I; ;wi inland Province hoidcrmg Northwards 
 on (7«.iv,(r.iand i./biijui, V\elUvard oni'otoH/'yt /, 
 the lame on t!ie South, and I'n.i J'.iz on the 
 L.ili. Ihe I ength ot it from Fait to Welt is 40 
 1 eai'.ues, aid ihei;reateft Breadth not mueh lei-. •, 
 but then luine lV.its are miitli namiwcr. hour 
 
 Nicaragua. 
 
 Cofta Rica. 
 
 N'eragua. )S.mt,t I 
 \c\irl(!s. 
 (^Pa)ita. 
 
 Leon, 
 
 GrMi.id.i. 
 
 ^Sep^ovia. 
 
 Jiien. 
 
 Re ale] 0. 
 . Aran]nez.. 
 \CartJgo. 
 
 ^Ca/lra de Aiifiriai 
 (_ Nicoya. 
 
 L-i Cunccpcion, 
 nidad, 
 Fe. 
 
 Here are ^reat Woods of Pine,Cyprefs, Cedar, 
 
 Oak, M\, rile and Walnut Trees, wiin wild Vines 
 rutunng un tliem, which Ximcnes particularly dc- 
 fcribes. And for thole Trees which diitill Aro- 
 matick Gums,thore of Liquid A'nber,Tacamahaca, 
 Ci>i)al, and others iii.it vieUi iovereign Balfam. 
 All Kitchin HerKs and salads grow to PertecTion, 
 asalloHeans, which once ln.vd lail rv.'ial Years 
 ir Tribesof IndiMs formerlv mliabited and Colewiirts growini', to a wonderful iJ'.gnels, 
 
 % 
 
 W'\. It 
 
 M 
 '% 
 
 \i 
 
 \k 
 
 
 ■Vil 
 
 I;: •.! ii 
 
 
 i-n 
 
 'M 
 
 
 it, being Oj(// nejes, thciJe^'UJ, the /iW/^J/c; and and yet I'weet and teiuur. 
 the i^f/f'/o. 
 
 Among 
 
 ^1 
 
1^8 
 
 M EXICO', Or, 
 
 Amnnn ttie Birds of Prcv Ximettti tells us of 
 one, tlut has one foot likca dcMife, and flic otiier 
 like a FauUon, about the iiikiiicfs of a Hcii, and 
 not unlike it, the Feathers white, with fome mix- 
 ture of brown, it lives upon Villi, and being 
 much in the Water the Gotile's loot ferves it to 
 fwim, and the Faukon's to fei/.c its I'rev. Hefides 
 this, there are moU otlur I'orts of wild and tame 
 Fowl, and partirularly moll beautiful Parrots. 
 
 All f.iur-l'ooted BeaiU brought from Spiiti., as 
 Cows, Sii'.'cp, Cjoats and Swine luve multiplv'd 
 to Adinirati'iiii but above all the Ilaceof iforfes 
 here is [o valuablCjtliat they lend Colts to A/exiio, 
 tlio' it be 200 Leagues olF. <M the Wild Bealls4t 
 willbe needlefs to liiv i>iiy tiimn, they be-ii^ I'ucli 
 asareofttn meniioird in other Places. The worll 
 i», here is iiu leli Pleiitv of .Snakes and other ve 
 nornuiis Crcati. ros, (oinc of tliofc laft iiam'd urow- 
 injj to 20 tout lon(4, and amonn tl eai fomc of a 
 cuiious r lid and llreak'd witli black and white, 
 and tliefc tlie Natives call, the Motlieis of the 
 Ants, and wear tliein about their Neiks, witli- 
 out any Harm. 
 
 Tlie Cii.iprfis above-mention 'd breed tlie heft 
 Hovfe^and kiinw liow to break them, and are be 
 iKJes^'.real ^la!U■r^ in Mulick, Paiiitiiiji,, and Me- 
 ehanak Aits^ litiu^; naturally very civil and tour 
 teous,aiid obedijiu to their Superioiirs, orit^inally 
 delc.iuled iVoai ^'u.ir.i^u.i, as tiiey declare. A- 
 inoii", them the Sp.i,ii.iiUi found a pleafaiit N'alley 
 encompaliid witii Mountains, and a Hill in the 
 iiiidil i-f it, at ilie loot whereof, on tlic Hall fide, 
 they built .iTown and call'd it CuuUd Real, or 
 the Royal Citv, th^ Capital of tlie Province, 70 
 1 eai;iies North well from S.inii.ip,oikCiiiiii/i.il.i, 
 This C"u^ bv particular Privilei^e is (jovern'd by 
 AU iides^ or MafAillrates of their own Choojiiii;, 
 and is a Billiop's Se»-, liaviii(;a beautiful Cathedral 
 and Ibrne MonalKrui,belkles tlie I'arilli Cliurclies. 
 1 caimot iinpoJLupon t!ie Reader the lorjieriesof 
 0';.:(, tor i;i d.TcMbin^ tills Place, he is as much 
 out as 111 all the Rcli, dividuv, it but into three 
 Parts, wIki'ims, as w.is lliown above, it certainly 
 rimtainstliofolour ■, tlkii he makes but one I'lace 
 ot Ctiid.i.i lU.d and Chi.ip.i^ whereas tl.ey are two 
 ililiiiiil iiiuib, tl:eoiie.S/i.(;/.//;, theotluT J/iiU.w \ 
 and tiitrelore ue iiuill follow tlie ^p.iiii.»ils^ wiio 
 know wii.a they have been fo many Years in I'of- 
 kllionol better than tliat Strowler, who by the 
 fillliowd ol Ins Account, mufl needs take all he 
 writes iip.>ii Trull. In Ihort, Cutd.ui Me.il, as has 
 beui fuKl :., the Capital Sp imp Town,about wliicii 
 tliiie are iiaiiy ///</..;/; Towns, the Chief wheifeof 
 i« rall'il Cii.ip I. 
 
 _ rile next People arc the Zoqnes^ inhabiting 25 
 Towns, the Principal call'd 'Icip.tilan^ where 
 there is .1 Mon.iiier^ of Doiiniiuini. The third 
 the Zi/f i/(.i, dwellint.^ ill 15 Towns, and iowiiif; 
 nuicl! Iniiuii^ Wheat , wherewith they feed great 
 t^ciui of Swine , and have lo much Cochi- 
 ne.il, that they colour their Houfes with it. The 
 t'.)'jrt!i and lall are the i^nlo.ei^ w!io liavc 25 
 Towns, the Capital of theiii call'U Cup.i>i.in.iz.tl.t^ 
 where i'^ d DominiL / Monatlery. 
 
 TlicCIiiet Rivers here are, tliat ofCV;/,ip.i ruii- 
 iiiiij; lioiii tlie Koithward acrol, the Couiitry of 
 the ^V■<i^,^(, and after rcctiviiiji leveral lellL-r 
 Streams, fai.j into the hea ot J'.ib.ijo. The other 
 1^ Rio m.iwo, or the VS'hite River, whole V\ater, 
 lovers any Piece of Wood tiirown into it witli 
 u hard llony Crull, and yet is clear and may be 
 •bank without Danger. In the Village of (..i;.(»- 
 
 atjree there 
 liie Trade ot Cu.u., a 
 
 cualpt, a l-Mftue and a Iialf fi'nm the Capital, i^ 
 a curious Sprm;;, wimli F.bbs and flows, like the 
 Sea, and yet is at avail Dillance from it. live 
 1 ea^ucs from the aforefaid City is aiiotlier Spring, 
 which always fwells and overHows in the Hi.it 
 of Slimmer and driei up in Winter. In the Town 
 of ChiiomiiLeh there is a Cave, witli a very nar- 
 row Entrance, but witiiiii of a vail Ipacious F'x- 
 teiit, and on one fide of it a lake of moll clear 
 Water, but llandin)j, and two Fathom dcepiuar 
 the liaiik. 
 
 Soconufco , 
 
 The next Provinceto the Wellward, and cou- 
 feipicntly bounded on ;he Eall by Chiupi^ and 
 I'd-. I I'.iL, on tlie South hy (-ii iiimul.i, and the 
 South Sea, on tlie W(;)l by the fame Sea, and on 
 tlie North by (jh.ixiu.ihuA Chi.ipt. The Extent 
 of it IS about 115 Lca;;ues alonn the .South Sea, 
 and leli in breadtii where largill. 
 
 The principal Wealth of it coiifills in Cacao- 
 Nuts, wine!) by teaion 'if their nearnefs to tlie 
 Sea, they ealily fend to all other Parts of AViii- 
 Spun, and It is a lo'iliderable Trade. The Soil 
 does not bear Wheat well, but any other Grahi 
 trows well eiioiii;h. 
 
 Tlie only Sp.impi Town liere is Kith by them 
 and tlie Natives tall'd Ciuvctl.m, built by l)jii 
 Pedro de Alj.iriuioy when he was Cmveriiour of 
 thel'e Countries. Chilian tells us, that when he 
 travell'd thtouf^h this I'rovince, which was in 
 13O0, tliere were very few Spimirdi, if lo, it 
 is very mucii alter'd fince, for al' 
 are many tiiere fiiice. 
 bovc-fpoken ot", makes the Inhabitants very nth, 
 and they pay their Tribute to the King in Kind, 
 winch is carried to AAxau, and wcjuld be ot 
 confiderable N'alue in Luropc. 
 
 The Province is very lubjeil to Storms ;'ikI 
 Rain from April u\\Stpte/nbc( , when lutii Flo. ids 
 fall from the Mountains, tli.it there is no Tra- 
 velling, and therefore tlioi'e who haec occallon 
 to Travel to «r from the other Parts of AVir- 
 Sp.tia during tliat time, mull go about, tho' this 
 be the lliortetl way. Smhiicpcijiie, and Uu.il i- 
 p.ic.iii, are two fmall Territories at the Eallern 
 end v( Sdioiiii/io, very ill Peopled, the greateit 
 Town of tliein not coiitainintj above zoo in- 
 habitants. 
 The Co.ill of this Province commences 7 Leagues 
 Well of the River Ayiiil.t, fro.n wiiich it runs 
 Nortii-well, and receives thole of C«.«/.i«, Ci- 
 p.merc.il:e, Cd.nl, HiU-til.tii, Ani.ttinit , and 
 Oii:i.M.itl.i>i, above which lall the Mountains 
 divide it from Ciiuxata. 
 
 \'cra l'a7. 
 
 l-fad tills Name given it, fiiinifying true Peace, 
 becauleitwas never concjuer'd by Force of .\rms, 
 but only brouglit into fubjedlioii by the Preach- 
 ing of the Dojninnuii Friars, wiio obtain'd it 
 ot the Emperoiir Ch.irlei tlie Fiftii, tliat tiiey 
 inigiit make luch a I'pintual Coiiquell, wuliout 
 being diilurb'd by any Coiuiuerors , wliu.ii 
 was granted Uiem, and puiiclually oblerv'd, lo 
 tii.it 110 Soldiers ever came into the Province, 
 wiiicli Wrts entirely, rcduc'd by only tiie Preatii- 
 iiig of tliole Friars, lor tins realoii it lias ever 
 reiiiain'd fiee troiu all Duties and Taxes, only 
 receiving a Judj'.e from the SpMii.irds, wiio ule 
 
 no 
 
 110 manner < 
 Uiiying a vo 
 Tribiiri.' to 
 Truth, dell' 
 Parts, as /i 
 leveral otiiei 
 in?, tiiat til 
 that tlie .Sp* 
 the famiitry 
 and therefor 
 it IS I'ot yet ; 
 of ,1 To.vn 
 thi".!!, vet tl 
 it by the Fr 
 miglity d^v\i 
 more l)an:',ci 
 before liim. 
 Country beii 
 few Sp iriiar, 
 
 thith.r to Tl 
 pals bickwa 
 iinaguisble. 
 Converters i 
 rours, have 1 
 ly relpedcd 
 ties granted 
 Iiidaiice of t 
 come to R.ira 
 
 Tins I'rov 
 ft, and Socim 
 on the Lall 
 by iu( ir,M, 
 tlie tweet P,a 
 Gulph of //« 
 30 Leagues, 
 Country is r 
 leys and thic 
 rate enough, 
 mucli ptllcr'( 
 have been dv 
 pleafaiiter. 
 
 Near the 
 ill a Rock, 
 foiitiiiiiilly ( 
 Peticfies, fo 
 of Stone as 
 '5 fo piercing 
 ^r>!l is not g< 
 ol rtrom:ir.. 
 Canca, wind 
 ai'd !o thick, 
 I'Tallons c,f I 
 Healls and 1 
 the Neighboi 
 Tiie Lad I 
 water'd by 
 iiitoadcep II 
 Hi), and til 
 iiig a Sea-I\ 
 lia"f never 
 Ion above gi 
 to live 111 1 ; 
 living among 
 have the wIk 
 pie 111 Religi 
 
 i^y tl;e A. 
 a runcn Tr 
 wtit and Sou 
 d:i.i; on the 
 '111 the Norr! 
 
NEPKST JtN. 
 
 i6) 
 
 no nnanner »!' Aulliuiitv tlicrc, tlic N.uivc* only 
 p;ivi">;a v>)liint;ir\, AikiiowUilninciit rather than 
 TrihutL- to tlio Kiim'. Iho* this be a known 
 Truth, dclivcr'il bv all thit ever writ of tliofe 
 l-'art'i, A\ Heircra^ Ciomar.i, Oviedo, Lict, and 
 feveral oth -rs ^ yet (j<»i|f lliibbers this ov^r, fay - 
 ina,, that tlic Iti'liitns of this Country heariiifj 
 that the Sp.mi.irdi had ronqner'd C'li.itimii.t, and 
 the Country al o it, \ lekleii tliemiclvts peaceably, 
 and therefore it wa>> cilld K»n< /'.ii. He adds, 
 it li I'ot yet all (ubdued by the Sp.wi,ird.i,Md talks 
 of a To.vn of I zooo Inhabitants, not fubicifV to 
 thi'.n, vet thi're were feveral SpuiiMtis f.)niid in 
 it by the Friar h,' pretends went thitlier, with 
 ini;;!ity danjier of his Life, as if heiould hem 
 more Dan.i,er tlian thole he owns were there 
 before him. Thi-. Iliews his If.norance, for the 
 Country beini;, as has been laid, free, there are 
 few Spifii:irds fittlicl ill it, only fome few >;o 
 thitlur t.) Trade wiih tlie Native,, and others 
 pal's bukwaul and torw.ird witli all thefafety 
 nnai'.uiahle. Hut the i)omi>ik\ini, who were the 
 Converters of the l^ople, or (piritual Conqne- 
 rours, have fonu' MonalK-ries liere, beiiip, hi^ih- 
 ly relpeeied, and prclervinii the fird Immuni- 
 ties granttd to thole People in vi.)lably j another 
 Inftance of tlie lame lort we lliall fee when we 
 come to r.irayiuiy ill Sourh j4meiic,t. 
 
 This I'rovinccis endos'd on the Wefl; by C/j/a- 
 r4, and SHo,utk.,^ on tlic South by OiiMim.ila, 
 on tlie tall by Huiiditr.^., and on the North 
 by luiMiHi^ no Part of it but Golfu Dnlce^ or 
 the Iweet Bay reaching to the Sea, which is the 
 (julph of thiidnras. lilt length of it is about 
 30 LeaKues, and near the fame Breadth. Tlie 
 <-ountry t>. moft Mountainous, with deep Val- 
 leys and tliick WimkIs •, the middle part tempe- 
 rate enough, but botii ends extremely hot, and 
 much ptllcr'd with Ciiiats. Since the Woods 
 have been dellro^'d, it is much healthier and 
 pK-afauter. 
 
 Near the Town of S. Anfuflin is a large Cave 
 in a Kock, witli many others about it, which 
 fontniuilly drop, and the Liquor which falls 
 Peticnes, fo that it forms abundance of Pillars 
 of Stone a; wlnte as Alabaftcr \ tlie cold within 
 15 fo piercing that it is not to be endur'd. The 
 ^r>ll is not gfxxl for Corn, but produces all forts 
 ot Aromar.ik 7'ieCr , as alio a fort of liaril 
 Canc3, winch lometimesrun 100 Spans in heigth, 
 and (o thick, that they will hold three or fi)ur 
 I'jallons of Liquor betwixt two Joints. The 
 He.ills and Birds .ire ^rvuh the fame here as in 
 the Neti^hbouring Proviiu,, 
 
 Tlie baft fide uf tins Province is every where 
 waier'd by abundance of RivuletSi which all fall 
 nitoadecp Bay,iall'd dullo Dtdce, or the Iweet 
 bay, and that into the(;ulpliof Honduras, be- 
 )iii', a Sea-Port to lIiis Country. The Sp.itn'.trdj 
 lia"f never a Town in ilu> Proviiue, for the Rea- 
 lon ab>)ve ^ivcii i but the N.itives are brought 
 to live in 17 ojien Towns, fome lew Sp.r. .. ds 
 living among them, and many Dommirans, who 
 luive the whole Charge of inftruding thofc Peo 
 pie in Religion. 
 
 Guatimala, 
 
 By tl;e hidi.ms call'd QjtJiucmMLtc, fignifying 
 a rurt.cii Ti.'e, runs along the South Sea North- 
 wtlt and South eall, and has A'ic.iraj:,H.i Awd Hon- 
 d:i !• on the tall, a:'d Tfi-.j I'a:. and Soivnujco 
 m the North. The Soil produces abundance of 
 
 Cotton, and Indi.in, as alfo F.nrope.iil Wheat. 
 Here is not much Kain, but when it falls it is 
 very heavy, which is moll between April and 
 Odobc). Tlie South Wind reigns moll, and the 
 North is very cold and ftormy. All the Coun- 
 try is Hilly, and full of Rivers winch makes 
 Plenty of Game, and Filli, as there isof all lorts 
 of l-ruit, and more efpccially of excellent Gi- 
 c.ia, which yields a great Revenue. The ^rcat 
 Plenty of Grafs occalions the breeding inhnitc 
 numbers of Cattel. 
 
 Notwithftandmg all thefe Advantages,tlie Coun- 
 tiy Is not healthy, becaufe of the exceflivc Heat 
 and M.illure, and very troublelome on account 
 ot tlie innumerable Gnats, and other \ ermin. 
 In the North-well Part of it is a burning Moun- 
 tain, winch foinetimes calls out vaft quantities 
 of Allies, very prejudicial to all tlie Cic<^io grow- 
 ing near. There were feveral Tr'bes here for- 
 merly, wliith gave as many Names to the Parts 
 thev iiihabited, as the IXdcos in the North 
 welt i below them the Pipela ■, more to the 
 Soutii-eaft Chuliiteciy and towards the Mountains 
 the Chom.des. 
 
 The ancient Idolatries of thefe People were 
 much the fame as what has been faid of their 
 Neighbours, and fo for their Curtoms and Man- 
 ners \ but at prefent they have all embrac'd 
 Chrillianity, and learn'd much of the Sp.miff) 
 Behaviour, living in perfed Liberty, notwitn- 
 ilanding Cage'% Stories of their Slavery, for 
 tiiey are as free as the Spaniards, as abfolute Ma- 
 ilers of what they have, and they grow as rich 
 as their Conquerours, if they are induftrious. 
 Don Pedro de Alvarado conquer'd this Province 
 in the Year 1526, under whom it immediately 
 Hourillrd to a great Degree, and isflillreckon'd 
 one of the richeil in tnofe Parts. 
 
 S-inti.iga di (luitimala is the Metropolis, not 
 only of this Province, but of all tnc others 
 fubieft to its Sovereign Court, which is fet- 
 tled in this City, which is feated in fourteen 
 Degrees and a half of Latitude, 12 or 14 
 Leagues trom the South Sea, in the midll of a 
 \'alley, divided by a River, and between two 
 burning Mountains, which often call out Smoke 
 and Allies, and fomctimes caufe Earthquakes. 
 This is the moll hcaltliy Part of all about itj and 
 no lets fruitful. It is a Bilhop's See , wno is 
 SulFragan to the Archbilliop of Alcxiro, and be- 
 fides the Cathedral and Parillies, here are two 
 Monafteries, the one of Dominicans^ and the o- 
 tlier of Altiienjii.ins, befides a good Hofpital, 
 as there is generally in all Towns of any 
 Note. In the Year 1J41 this City was almoft 
 dellroy'd by an Eruption of one of the burn- 
 ing Mountains, but is lince rcftor'd, and much 
 improv'd, being counted very rich by reafoii 
 of its Trade wiih^'tr'x*'', and other Parts. 
 
 S.in S.ilviidor, by the Natives formerly call'd 
 Cin.c.irl.in, is about 13 Degrees from the Line, 
 30 Leagues Snatb-eAR from Santiago deOu-itima- 
 /.;, and 7 from the South Sea, and Port of A- 
 1. 1 u/;/./, where the Ships for and from Nen-Spain 
 ufually load and unload. Here is another Mo- 
 naftery of Domtmams. La 'Innid.id, by the 
 Natives call'd Si?:jhnMe, is but 26 Leagues from 
 ^M/iiai^o, and 4 from the Port of AnikMLi, and 
 the Place to wliich all GoikIs brought fr>jm Icru 
 and Mtxico to the aforeLid tiarbour, are iianf- 
 ported, and it has another Monallery of Domt- 
 nkuni. Tlic Town of S, Alifh.tel is about 60 
 P p p Leaiiues 
 
 % 
 
 iHin{ 
 
 
 i/llt 
 
 
 I 
 'Ml 
 
 HHi 
 
 ■')'' 
 
 ;'l 
 
 'it; ii 
 
 13 <i w^ 
 
 •3 il 
 
 III 
 
 nil 
 
 :|1 
 
 41* -J 
 
 :M 
 
IJO 
 
 MEXICO', Or, 
 
 
 I eaejiif s ftotn ?.Miti.tsp^ and ; fiom the South Se;i 
 and F^.iv of /-'w/fr/j, whirh is its P>>it. Xertt 
 i\e la Fronton^ the Lift SpMiiJh Town towards 
 tlif Frontiers of /V/V.»'.«!;/w, .uid iv.ar 80 leajiiies 
 from Sinti.i^o. Bf fulcs thefc Spmijh Towns, ni 
 which fome Tlionfand"; of Native', live with them, 
 there are fome Unnilrcdsof fmull t Indi.in Towns, 
 and many Thouiands of fiatt "ring Countrv- 
 Hoiifes, by which ir plainly appears tliat thefe 
 Coiintries arc not depopulated, a> I'oine would 
 iunilcate wifliout any (Vroinid •, tiio' they are 
 not fo populous as mo(V Countries in iiirrpe, 
 winch it is moll certain they never were, even be- 
 fiuc the CorHjuelV. 
 
 Honduras 
 
 Extc'ids aloni;the North Sea Fall and VVcfla- 
 hove i^oleanues, and may be iiear Oo leagues 
 over fiom North to South in fome Places. l)n 
 the North and \'..\\\ it is walli'd by the North 
 Sea, on tlieSoutliit has Nic.ii.iyiu, and on the 
 \\d\ (iH.uini.di, iwd t'lra ['h:. The f'ountry 
 isaeticrallyditUiiRuilh'diiUoI Jills and deepD'.ks, 
 and does not <inly prcnluce /W/w Com thru e 
 a Year, but alii) Pmopf.ui Wheat, and I'cale, 
 and has excellent P.idiue for Cartel', li) iliat it 
 abinnds in all li)rrs< f l^rovilions, as alio Honey 
 and Wax. Kclidcs here are Mines of Gold and 
 Silver. 
 
 Belkies wliat has been faid, it produces I'.reat 
 quantities of extraordinary lar^'.e Oou.d'-, winch 
 the iJiJp.inioia linh^ns call'd I liinin .is :, and the 
 fniV Dilcoverersof this Country IIlmiu; many i>l 
 them H.>a: .Uoiv; theCoail, call'd it (ijijodc Hi- 
 I'itn.ii., or Kay of tiourds, and the Province it 
 k\( Hitrut'-i ^ yet alterwards tindini; very deep 
 Water «t the threat Cape of this lancl,tliev call'd 
 \tCw'j lie JH'"idiir''\thAt is, Cape Dcptli,and t!te 
 Country it fell i /'//■liur.n , or heptii, winch lalt 
 Name prevail'd, and the other was forgot. 
 
 The .incient hihabit.mts bem^ extraordin iry 
 Sloa;!ifn!, u>d to lo\v lo Iparniijly tii.it iliey 
 often were in Want, and forc'd to teed on Rviots, 
 and even on many tilihy thiui;-^. At their t-ealls 
 thev us(l to inaKe thcinlelves drunk witli a liirt 
 oi Mttheglin. and then committed all the molt 
 bwl'riy and anoinmablt Crimes, vvliich tlicy have 
 rmce left olf by beiiii» converted to Clirilfiani- 
 t\, and couverfiiu; with the Sp.inuiytl^. Only 
 the better Sort were allow'd to drink Chocolate, 
 liiitat prel'eiitit is common to the meanelt. 
 
 Here is a Hilhop, and Iwur principal Spmujh 
 Towns, bei'ides two of Ids Note, nut to I'peak 
 of ihole btlon^'/.n;^ only to the Natives, which 
 are very man^. I lie tirit and chief City is K.//- 
 Itlhiid., whole /'.v/» !»/ Name \sCo>iimyagHf., about 
 40 Leat^ues from the North Sea, in a deli^Iitful 
 \ alley, temperate and wholeliiine, the Country 
 about Iwarmini; with Cattel,wliichiiicreaies there 
 woiidei lully ■, belides very rich Silver Mines 
 th.-re are witliin the liberty, jilorfo ileCmrrs 
 built tllH City by arderof tlie liovernour hii.i- 
 iK.ie A-Jomnii.^ in the Year 1539. This is the l<e- 
 fiiliiice of the (lovcriiour of t!ie Province, and 
 Miller the Kini'j's Ofticers, as alio of the Hilliop, 
 w!v.) has here his Catliidral and I'alace. Flic 
 ii.vt" Town IS call'd 0' .in.n .1 /^iwi, about 50 
 I eaj^ues Wellwanl of f^.ilLtiinlul, built in 1530, 
 by U.i'ci'cl fi( Roi.iiy to lecure thole wlio wrouj^ht 
 a! the C)i)ld Mines*, and bei-i^ abandon 'd, was 
 .liter rcftuf'dby Oum..tluiic yilViir.ido^ in a very 
 
 liard and rocky Soil, yet the Inhabitants, with 
 much Pains, have j;i.od Corn, ar.d breed verv 
 f^ood Mules, and fi^me Horl'es. .*>. 7\./-d, ^t ,s'. 
 /V/f^, is the tliird, ;o I eai;'iesNortli-well fi<Mii 
 l^atliidtiliil, and it from Fuotn Ae C.iv.ti'o.:, or 
 tlie Bay of Horfes. 'Trnxillo the fourth, is fn. 
 Leagues North- eail from l^.ill.t.ioliil , md one 
 from the North Sea, haviim a fife Harbour ;it 
 the bottom iif a bay call'd S. ('■//<•-(. The Verri- 
 torv about it is fo food that it produces all forts 
 of drain and Fruit, hotii of the Country, aud 
 Fiirope. S. (iijixfdeOlii/iihu is the iiftli, abo'it 
 40 Leat',iies F.;'.ll from falLuUlid, iiihi-bited by 
 very few Sju^iM-ds, but its Territory bvaru.i 
 
 with Induiiu. 
 
 The runnii't', out of the Perinfula of 7"/?c.- 
 t in into ihe Sea, forms a very deep Bay witli 
 the Coall of H'jndnr.ts^ on which there are iioi 
 any Kivers of Note, nor indeed any coMfidei.ible 
 Harbours, tliatcalld of C.rt.. (//-.., t,r the Horlc>, 
 t.ikint', the Name trom many Horles call away 
 there. 
 
 Nicirat^uii 
 
 V\'asfirft; calld the new kingdom of /.cw by 
 the Cioveriionr y.imci Lupr: dr S.dz.id", and has 
 Hondni-." oil til'.- North, the Nortli Sea on the 
 lialf, Ciiji.i A'ii.i, and the South Sea oti tlie South, 
 and the laino Sea and tin.itini.iLi on the Well, 
 extending 150 Lea,',ues Kaff and Well, and about 
 Ho North and South, and formerly contaiu'd 
 Icveral Tribes of htdi.ms , whole Territo- 
 ries were cill'd Niiny.i^ Neqiiechcri^ Afib\tc, 
 Diii.i^ yi/uj.iv.i, A/.i/i.igii,i , Coiolo.ique, Cebi'uu., 
 Miijiies^ and AJ.ido.i. 
 
 Tlie Summer is excciVive hot, and the Winter 
 rainy and tempelluous. The land is moll plain, 
 yiekliiu', little Coni, but abounds in Fruit and 
 C.attel, asallii Cotton, Honey, and /'/.v/, which 
 is tlie Amdc 111 Pepper. Hie F'orefls cover a 
 ^reat part of it, aiidconfill; ot all lints of Frees, 
 cl'pecially one call'd Znh:, winch Hcrtcr.i fays 
 lometimes grows lo biJ that 15 Men can I'caice 
 I atiiom it. (Jvifdo writes, tliat on tlie Coall 
 there is a lint of loni; shells, in winch they tinJ 
 fome Pearls, but not lo ^'.ood as thole taken out 
 of Oy tiers. The Natives were jorinerly much 
 like t!ieir Neii^iibours as to their Culloms and 
 .Manners, ami h.ive luice, like them, embrac'd 
 Chrutiainty, and live like the .Spw.w.W.'. 
 
 The moll re.nark.ible tbiiu; peculiar to this 
 Province, is the tauuiu-; lake ot ^'ii.iriip^.it, ,1- 
 liove 150 le.u',:us ill C'ompals, all the Shoves if 
 it cover'd witli Towiib and \i Hashes o( the Na- 
 tives, and ebl)iiij^ and Mowing, as the Sea does, 
 T he flead of ii is not above 4 or 5 Lcat;ues trom 
 the .Soutli Sea, and yet it runs into the North 
 Sea, tliroUfih a Channel of a con.iderable breadth, 
 whiih inii'Jn liave.illinded a Ihorter Palfatje into 
 the South Sea than 'ly I'.in.mi.i, but tliai tiiere 
 are leveral f^reat falls in it, where thole who 
 pais up or clown limit oi neceility goalliore, and 
 tranlport theuilelves and Cioods by Land beyond 
 the Cataract. In tiie I ake there are leveral lllands, 
 and It breeds abuialaiice ot lilti. 
 
 L(oii dc Nic.i)a,\iii lb ihe iJapital City of the 
 Province, feated about 12 l.e.igues from theSouili 
 Sea, on t!ie Hank of Uie ti.reat Lake aboveinen 
 tion'd, and the Relkieiice ol the Governour, and 
 other Oiticers, as alio of tile Billiop, who h.is 
 here a i^wd Cathedral, and P.ilue, belides which 
 
 lli.-ie 
 
NEir.S PJtK 
 
 Ifi 
 
 tlure are five MvJii.id errs, ami iir^.xDO Natives 
 witliiii its I ilieit\. Ne.ir tlie I'une liikw' ilaticis 
 (i>\wmI I, till- I.tmiicI Cit\, irt I f.u'iKN from l.ea>i^ 
 where h'l.in/i' llan.iiulcv df Co Jo v. i ewi\ed i 
 uKUMiiriceiit C'uiidi, and a r»i>tl hort, tDoppoG: 
 '.lie Natives before they were rubdiicd. Awiiit 
 iliis l^laie urow abiindaiue of Stii;ar Canes, and 
 tlie t^ji.iuiiirds have feviral Mills for makiiu', of the 
 Siij^ar. The tlurd Citv is Scfi^ovia, jo l.eai;ues 
 from biith the former Northwaui, in whofe Ter- 
 ritory tliere are rirli Ciold Mines. The fourth 
 IS J-ii'i, at the M' nth of tlie I ake, 30 l.eaf;iies 
 from the Nortli Sea. l.iflly Kr.tlejo ^ feated a 
 1 eauiie from the \\>tt rall'd ri'lf./^mi. 
 
 On the North eart end of tlic 1 ake is the burn 
 inii Mountain, call'd Mifiyiit:w. very liii^li and 
 lieiP, with a Rreat Moutli at tlie top, Wliiih 
 liiid^ liirth ,1 thick finoak Moniin(;and F.veiiiii);, 
 .[lid iDiiieliines i',ve.it iiuantiticsof I'umice Hones. 
 Seven I eai'.nes fri'inihe C.ity (//-.w.*'.! is anotlier 
 liuiiiii'j.', Mouiitaii; eall'd .l/i-//W/jc, moft covcr'rl 
 with excellent Iruit trees, whuh are a delight- 
 ful Supply to all tlie Country about. Hcncr., 
 inlbniis us, tliat a Kriaronie conieited that tlie 
 Mais of iiie wliifh rontinuallv burnt 111 this 
 Mountain without beinj; toiiluin"d, could be no 
 otiiei' than Gold, and tlierelbre eoiitriv'd a way 
 to let down a j^reat Kettle, with a llrongCham to 
 liraw It iiji, but no iiHuur the^ tame to the 1 ire 
 th.ui both the Kettle and Chain melted, as if they 
 had be.ii Lead. 
 
 Cofta Rita, 
 
 That is, the Kie h Coaft.fo rall'd by the firft Dif- 
 e ivcier'-, from tlie i^ieat (in.intity of Gold they 
 i!u'ie l>'nnd aiii./i,; the Natives, borders North- 
 ward upon A',t.;c,j>;;(.; and the Northern Ocean, 
 li IS t'le l.ime Sei,and AV>-.fi;«.j on tlie T.all, and the 
 S.iuth Sea on the South and Well, with lomc Part 
 if N.i-.:>,tpii on t!\e South fide , and extends about 
 </J l.e-n^iies from Eull to VVeft,aiid about 50 in the 
 largell I'l.ire from North to'-outh. 
 
 As (or Produrt, it has muth tlie lame as its 
 Neij;hbourini> Provinces, but is foinewhat Moun 
 t.iinous, and that Part is for the moll part Har 
 nil, yet Wealthy, as containing Mines of Gold 
 .iiid Silver, vvhirh are not Co much made of as 
 miti,lit be, for want 'k Labourers. 
 
 The Sp.J";//!' 'towns here are four, lirft, .ii.in- 
 ;.ci, feateti abo.it 5 1 eaj^ues from the South 
 Sea, upon ">'e Borders of the Jiiili.iiis,t:M'{\ Cbumes, 
 and not far from their chief Town ^ 2. Cartign^ 
 .0 leagues from both Seas, being in tlie Mid- way 
 betwixt liiem, fo tliat it h.is a Sea-Port on e.irli •, 
 ;. l'.iJhoi.ifAiij}ii.i, near the North Sea. and the 
 inoil iiHontiderable of the three, there neiiii; 110- 
 ihini', but the Name in any Auiiior. LalUy, AV- 
 ( VJ, which Ibine make a diftmiJt Province, but in 
 reality it is only a Part of this. Ihe Town lies 
 1)11 tlie Sea, and lias a fmall Port on tlie C0.1II, 
 near which was formerly the Sp.w://) Colony ,cair<i 
 IWiiJl-h , afterl^'ardsdeltroy'd when ilKSp.i/il.irdi 
 lell at \'.,; laiice among thcinlelves. 
 
 On the Ni.'ttli Sea this Provi! ce hastwolarEC 
 a:;d u nveiiitiu baysj that lyiii^ inoIl to the W'lU- 
 
 ward cnirdof ."CT"""";', the other near the Fron- 
 tiers of <•>)(.;/(/, Cnihtco. On the S-'Uh Sea, 
 befides the Port of A'/Vtiv.j, it has fevcM' Bays, 
 Capes and coiivenieiu aiichoriu,' '.'lace'- .',11 aloiijj 
 the Coall. 
 
 N'eragua , 
 
 Thelafl- Province not only of the Government 
 o\0'u.itim:il t, but of North ,-//nfr,-, jand the leall 
 of them, joins on the Well to L''lr:t Rict. <»\ the 
 ball to the (jovernment of I' :>i.ini:i, and has t!ie 
 North Sea on the North, .oid the South Sea on the 
 South. Tlie ureatell I eiigth of it from North to 
 South is not above so Leagues, and the Breadth 
 Irom Kail to Well z^. 
 
 1 he Clountry is moll Mountain. 'us and full of 
 impenetrable VV'.M)ds, lo that itatiords little footi 
 lor (.battle, and a> little of any (Mani, except only 
 [om^ hidi.i,! Wheat and Kitthm Herbs;, but to 
 make .imeiids italomids in Mines, and efpecially 
 ot Gold, which are wrought b< fuch is have La- 
 :> 'iirers, or elle tlie Metal taken up in the Sands 
 ot the Rivers. The Natives were a bold daring 
 People, and hard to be lubdu'd by the Sp^m.iid). 
 
 The Capital of this Province, where the Go 
 vernoiir and others of the Kings Officers relide, 
 is call'd, the Comcprion, 40 Leagues Well Irom 
 Numbrc de Dios ^ near the Coall of the f>i<>rth 
 Sea 2. Li Trinidad, or the Trinity , .in open 
 Town, leagues Eall from the C'u«(fpf/"", along 
 the Sea Coall, the inland Way being almoll im- 
 palTable, it Hands on the Banks of ihc Rivet Be- 
 lot , J Leagues from the Sea. \. SatitJ Fr, 1 2 
 leagues South from theC.t/^crpf(w;,where the Gold 
 is generHlly caft and refiii'd, and to that Purpofc 
 the King keeps Officers there. 4. CdIoi, .iTowti 
 on the South Sea. 
 
 Ch ijtopiier Coliimbiu firft difcover'd thefc Pro- 
 vinces we have lall fpoken of, in the Year 1502, 
 beginning at Cape CafiuM , in the Province «S 
 I liiiidiir ji, and thence turning it to the F.allward 
 witli much trouble, by reaioii of the continual 
 Fall VVinds,he lail'tf 60 Leagues to another Cape, 
 which he call'd (iracusa Dioi, or Thanks be to 
 God, becaul'e there the Land run away to the 
 Southward, aCoiirfe he could better flaiid with 
 the Fall Wind. Thence he fail'd down all that 
 (loalt, Bartering Witli the y«^..(«',Looking-Gla!Tes, 
 I lawk's Hells, Pins and other Trifles tor Gold, till 
 he caire to I'oiio BrlL and A'o/nbie de Dioi, lincc 
 two noted Places, we (lull have Occalum to Ipcak 
 of, when we begin with South Amciica. This 
 Province was particularly pitch d upon to reward 
 the great Admiral Chiijtophcr '^Qlumbiis'i extraor- 
 dinary Merits, and to make amends for the \'io- 
 latioiiof the mighty Advantages he wasdepriv'd 
 of, and winch were his due by Grants made to 
 him, when he undertook the Dilcovcry. In Ibort. 
 Ills Heirs had tills Province of /Vm^/i.; granted 
 them in Propriety, With the Title ol Dukes tliere- 
 of, which they hold to thisDav., and are of the 
 rub 1 auiiliesof 5p.ii« futlitientl ennobled by lo 
 glorious an Aftion,as theDifcoveriiig the greatell 
 of the Four Parts of the World, which had been 
 unknown to the other Three for lb many Ajjes. 
 
 
 % 
 
 •I -iiiii 
 
 m 
 
 m 
 
 pppi 
 
 CHAP: 
 
 ifi 
 
171 
 
 AMEKIC d N 
 
 CHAP. XI. 
 
 Of the Iflands. 
 
 Newfoundland, aiul, 
 about it. 
 
 THOSE belonging to this North- Amertcn 
 are very numerous, and the more becaufe 
 it will be requifite to reckon among them 
 all tbofc which lie dole to the Northern Coall of 
 South- Amerita^ and miahl be reckon'd to belong 
 to it, and this oecaufe tney all lie within that v.iit 
 Bay , the North and South-Amtrica make \ for 
 which Reafon it would be improper to part them. 
 It will be needlefs to fay any thing of tiiole 
 which lie in the Northern Frozen Sea, fuch as 
 Miuisftild Illand in Hudfon's Bay, Cumbtrlami's 
 l/les, between Hiidfon'% and J)avis's Streights, 
 
 fAjjiimplioii. 
 
 S. yohn. 
 
 Cape Brttoii. 
 
 Pttce. 
 
 Magdden. 
 
 Holy Crop, 
 
 Ramte, 
 
 Brian. 
 
 Bird Ijl.tnd, 
 
 S. Paul. 
 
 Bell Ijlc. 
 LSatid l/Lt»J. 
 
 Bermudis, or Summer Iflands. 
 
 'Bithama. 
 
 LMcayoneque. 
 
 Cif^Hatiio. 
 
 CuMaboftiy or , S. Sal- 
 vador, 
 
 Triiingutt. 
 
 Samatia. 
 
 MayomiittM, 
 
 Caicoj. 
 Lucayo Iflands. *( Tmeta, 
 
 Colomtra. 
 
 Ciirateo. 
 ' Liibaquen. 
 
 Ab.icoa, 
 
 Bimini, 
 
 AiirjpHcrcos, 
 
 Hnnuma. 
 
 Hinagoa, 
 Mnagt, 
 
 Good Vcytime^ Refolution^mA Puttan'i Iflands,v^•ith■ 
 out iV^:4//o«'s Siicight, and ni.iny more tvingc-U'- 
 fpers'd in thofc Se-is, they being neither hiilvita- 
 ble, nor fcarce known any farther flun t^ac they 
 have a being. Wherefore wclliall comedireitly 
 to thole which can afford foniet!iin)|, to be (ludol 
 thcui. and to give one general View, i>tace them 
 in thcii Natural Order from North to South, be- 
 ginning on the Eaft fide of America , and then 
 proceed to lliofe few on the V\ ell fide, as they 
 are plac'd ni the following Table. 
 
 Windward Iflands. 
 
 Caribbec, l^cwardj 
 Iflands. ^ 
 
 
 Hifpaniola. 
 Cuba. 
 Januuca< 
 Puerto Rica 
 
 Caribbee , 
 
 'Ancgada^ 
 Sonwrcro, 
 y^irgtnti, 
 Anguila. 
 Santa Cruz., 
 S, Martin. 
 S, Barflfolomew, 
 S.iba. 
 
 S. F.iiflachim. 
 S. Citriftopber. 
 Nieves. 
 Barbada. 
 S. M. la A'ltigHit, 
 
 Small Iflands on the<; 
 Coaft of New-Spam 
 
 Calitbrnia, and fmallj 
 iflands about it. * 
 
 Kcdoniii. 
 
 Alonjcvrute. 
 
 Ciii.idjli4pc, 
 
 De(je.id.i. 
 
 MurigaLitiie, 
 
 Ims S.DItOS. 
 ^Dominica. 
 ' Alartiiiico. 
 
 S.iiin Liicij. 
 
 Barbulos^ or B.nVadoC' 
 
 5. fimcm. 
 
 Rethin, 
 
 a r Ml. id J. 
 
 La Trinidad. 
 
 Margarita, 
 
 Tortiiga, 
 
 Aires. 
 
 Vrchilla, 
 
 Tahago. 
 
 Roca. 
 
 Bu€/i Ayre. 
 
 Curtix.10. 
 K.OrHba. 
 'Arai,t>. 
 
 La Bermeja. 
 
 Negrillos. 
 
 Los ALnriwes. 
 
 Couimcl, 
 
 Qtiitufiitnao. 
 
 Pantoja. 
 
 Lamaita. 
 G'uayii ,a, 
 Gua lajj. 
 Gyayamo. 
 P, rUi. 
 5, Htander. 
 S.iHflaCatalinj. 
 S:u,t<milla. 
 StrrufiilLi. 
 K^Serrana. 
 fDel Gigiinte. 
 
 I 5. Clcmente. 
 ' S. A'f.irtiii. 
 
 De Pajaratt 
 
 S. Aiarco. 
 
 De Cintdt. 
 
 De la Came. 
 
 Tres AfariM. 
 
 La Niibladii. 
 L^.tnta Tomas. 
 
 Ncwfound-LAnd. 
 
ISLANDS, 
 
 275 
 
 5,Vv'itl\- 
 lllCtll"- 
 
 Iwlvita- 
 ic thfv 
 
 i.udui 
 e them 
 itb. bc- 
 i(J tlitn 
 as tlicy 
 
 if/tff 
 
 Newfound- 1. and. 
 
 nd I-Uiid, 
 
 The Fnnll/hvi\]\ have this Iflind to lit firft dif- 
 Ctiver'd by Schafiuw Cibot in ilic Service of this 
 Natioir, the Spi'il'irds prftcnd it was found out 
 hs Coitertjl , who gHve Ins Name to that great 
 Part (jf the Northern Continent, otherwife call d 
 'f'iena de l,iih/ador , wliich Spanijh Name feeins to 
 be an Argument on their Side ^ and the Frenih 
 arc not witlioiit I'rettnfions to tins Uifcovery. 
 Whoever it was, for we avoid all Controverfies, 
 the liland is Triangular, about ;oo l.va)4uesin 
 Coinpafs, Ivi'i^Itfore tlic hay of .V. lannmebi:- 
 tween North C.wi.da diid yi«wrf';.-i,hut 600 Leagues 
 from the I.aiids-tnd of F.>n\l>md, and between 46 
 and 5} Degrees of North latitude. 
 
 The Country is l-.otter and colder than could 
 naturally he expected from feuh latitude, the 
 Winter hemp, lo exiellive C"uUl that lor five 
 Months there is fcarce any flirrini> abroad. Tlie 
 Soil IS as b.urenas may be, beinj; all Kixks, Sand 
 aiuUiravel, fo that tile Inliabiraiits liavc no I'ro- 
 viii(iii>, but wliat are fent t!um from t'.nsilMid, 
 except Wild fowl, Killi and \enifon •, the whole 
 llluid bciiit; either cover'd with Wi>od«, or where 
 th.re is any Part open nothinij grows but Mol's, 
 or tile Sediic, milead of Grafs. The Trees arc 
 Fir, Spruce, I'iiie, Birch and other Sorts of Tim- 
 ber , the Hearts Deer, Hares, Foxes , Squirrels, 
 VVclves, !k-.irs, Beavers and Otters. 
 
 The Natives are ahva\s reprcfented as a traA- 
 alile People, neitlier fubdu'd, nor converted, but 
 living' after thar old Manner •, of the finallcr fize, 
 broacl-fac'd and chtl'ted, without Beards, paint- 
 ii^ theuiielves, and wearing only an Apron of 
 Stag skills aSout them in the Summer, and paint- 
 ing their Skins. They believe in oiieO<xl, who 
 tliey fay created Mtii and Women by (ticking Ar- 
 rows in the '.iroj, id •, yet they farther fay there 
 isoneC'od, one Son, one Mother, and one Sun-, 
 but ( lod above all. Some of them are faid to have 
 inudi I amiliarity with the Uevil ^and the Women 
 allow il to try many M'mi before they Marry, but 
 tube ver\ faithful to Iiun they make clwice of. Tile 
 Dead they place lia.idiin^ in the Grave, with all 
 Nicellariea tor a long Journey. 
 
 T he only Trade and Bufinels here i ■ Filli,wliere- 
 of there is fucli Plenty in this S>ea, that all the 
 World n.iglit be Uipplv d from it. Alllorts may 
 be here taken in iinmenfe Quantities but tlieonly 
 1-illiery regarded istliatot tlie Co.l, whereof at 
 lead ^coSlnpsare Laden every Year for tranu, 
 Sp.iiti, l'oriui!,al, haly^ tiigUnd and other Parts. 
 TheCjreat Bank, where the Main lillieryis, be- 
 ing a Sand noo Miles in Length and 75 in Ureadth 
 is zo Leagues fri)in Cape A'.j^, the nearell Land 
 to It. The next is l^crt Bank 80 Miles long, and 
 40 over in the broadelt Place •, tlieii BM.ijiuro^ 
 about as big as the lalt, and fome others 0} lels 
 Note. 'IhetViiuh generally filh moll oil' thefe 
 Banks, and the Engijh about the Illand in Sloops. 
 1 he filhing Scal'oii is from Spring till Septc/hbef, 
 
 Tlie firu Settlement here was made by SU.jvhn 
 Ciiy, m the Year 1610, at Cvrutpi w/ Harbour, 
 on'theEaft fide of the Illand, h-:\. was t.irt'd to 
 quit it. In 1521, Captain w'w// carried over 
 another Colony torS. CitorceCdvcrt^ and (ettled 
 at th>\lui d., South of CitatpiitiH Harbour, and 
 caird that Part of the Country jivMn ., whicli 
 Name it IHII retains. The other Settlements of 
 xhi tt:f,lijl', which delcrve no particular Account 
 
 are Fcrryhnd. Cape Broil^ Bay oi Bulls, Brig: Hay, 
 Bill IntiyToMi Cove, A/iwimMei Bay, Petty Hjv 
 />»«), and 5. loh>. s fmu, this laft; containing about 
 6oHoufes,or Tutsj thebcft of tlieotliers aoancl 
 the worft 2, or j. Befides thefe, there were i ? 
 other fuch like Settlements fcatter'd about, fo 
 that there have been reckon'd 4000 F.rtnlijh Men, 
 Women and Cliildrenon the Uland. ThtfrrnrA 
 liave always kept gcxxl Footing here, their Prin- 
 cipal Town and Fortrefs is Pl.wcmia, and next 
 to it .S'. Peters, then 5. {.jurente, and many more 
 Habitations along the Soutlu^rn Ciwll, where they 
 are very Strong, and botli Nations have tJierc 
 done one another much Harm during thefe Wars, 
 yet botli keep their own. 
 
 Ajjuinpt'ioti Illand lies Wed: of Newfoundland 
 in the Bay tlic Land forms there at tlie Mouth of 
 t!ic great River ofCmadj ■, it is above 30 Leagues 
 long, and 7 or 8 in Breadth, moft Plain, and the 
 Soil feems to be indiifercnt. S. Jnhn'i Hie is to 
 the Soutli of tlie laft, in the fame Bay, and tloie to 
 the Coalt tjiAcc.'-<u', about 20 Leagues in length, 
 and about 5 in Breadth where wideft. 
 
 Brao.i Illand, is lo call'd from its Eaftermofl 
 Cape, and .s'. [.iitrunc '[^^y:^ being the .Entrance 
 into the Bay of that Name, about 8c Leagues in 
 Comnals, mliahitcd by indiMis like thole on the 
 Continent, a<.d has nothing elfe remarkable. No 
 more have aiiv of thole fin^ll lllandsnam'd in the 
 foregoing Table, being all mcoiiliderable, moftly 
 barren and none inhabited. 
 
 Bermudas, or Summer Illands. 
 
 John Bcrmudez^ a Spaniard, was the firft who 
 dilcover'd thele Iftands, and gave them his Name, 
 after whom others of his Countrymen touch'd 
 there, but none attempted to fettle, as not think- 
 ing the illands worth looking after. The firft 
 Fnf^liJ/jwan that faw them, was one Afa\i call on 
 them by Strefs of Weather in the Year 1593. Yet 
 his Account mov'd not any Body to look out for 
 them till Sir George Sammcrs had been wreck'd 
 upon them in 1609, and given them his Name, 
 which by Corruption is come to that we now 
 give them ol Summer Klands. After the return 
 of Sir6Vc);(;«'s Company into Bug.. aid, the K/>-- 
 gitiia Company Sold thefe Iflands to 120 Perfons, 
 who by Charier from King James the Firft be- 
 came Proprietors of them. In i6ii. one Richard 
 Mnor brough"- 60 Perlons into the great Illand, 
 where they leitlcd and built Huts, which after 
 grew into Houl'es, and by degrees to a handlbm 
 Town call'd S. George, whence the liime Name is 
 given to the whole Ifland, which yielding good 
 Tabitcco at firft and much Ambergreece, being 
 found about it, encourag'd the relieving of them 
 with frelh Supplies ; but when they began to Hou- 
 rilli, a Plague of Rats, which devour'dall Things 
 both in the Houles and Fields, had like to have 
 overthrown the Young Settlement. In 1619, there 
 were i oco Fn^lij.'^ on the Iflands, and foon after 
 3000, who had Ten Forts for their Security, but 
 at laft they increas'd to near loooo, a confide- 
 rable Number for thofe fmail Iflands. 
 
 The Number of thele Iflands is liiicertain. they 
 are lo many and fo linall, the Nannes of the cnicfelt 
 are, i. George, S, David, Ireland, Somerjit, Long 
 Bird, Cuoptr'i, A'onjmh, itc. amounting in all to 
 about 400, but moll of them lo finall that they 
 are not habitable ■, the greatcft Length they n\t 
 t )gethcr extend to bewig under 20 Miles, and 
 
 the 
 
 '^ 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 ?i*: 
 
 
 walii'* 
 
 H; 
 
 
^74 
 
 J MBRiCJN 
 
 the Rrfateft Breadth they tuke up 5. Their La- 
 titude is between jzand 1? Degrees, and i hey 
 arc :;ixi I ragucs froineCupe Hittor.u in Ci>oliii:i, 
 which is theiie.ireft Land to tliem. Tlie Rrea'.ell 
 Illand IS call'd S.Georpe, ahout 16 Miles lonp,,aiid 
 not ; over in the bioadeft Place, naturally de- 
 fended by Rocks nut at Sia , and ArtnKially by 
 ieveral Forts on the Channele, and only two of 
 them fit for any Shins to coine ni at. It is le-nark- 
 able, that tl;o" tlicfe Ihiall Spot-, of lllands are fo 
 far from any other land, v"-t here li ,1 Tide, 
 which rifcs and falls 5 Foot. 
 
 The Town of 5. (/eorgc lias 6 or 7 Korts and 
 Batteries to defend it, monnted witli 70 I'iercs 
 of Cannon, a good Church, a tolerable Library, 
 about 1000 Iloufes , well Built and a Stare lloiile. 
 Hefides this Town there are 8 1 ribes, oHd Hi 
 
 IVarTvick, South. iinpron and S.imh'i Tribes. 
 
 The Air here is fcrene, delrghtful , tempirate 
 nnd healthy, whence the Trees are aUva\si;reen, 
 new I eaves fprontinftout, as the old one* drop 
 otf. The j^reattll Vault is, they arc fiibjca to 
 dreadful Storms of Thunder and 1 u'Jitnin;;. t.n; 
 nerally ihf Country is lo very healthy, th.it the 
 fjeattll D:ftc;npi'r is for t!ie moll part a Cold. 
 Their Water is all brackilli, whirli obhi^es them 
 to lave the Rain in Ciiterns. The Soil is very 
 fruitful, vieldint^ two ('rops every Year of /-/^/i.;;; 
 Wheat, which is t!ic Cominon ViMd. All A/i:e 
 new and ir.iricpc.t'i Plants <;row to Perfertion. 
 Trees there are of all forts, particularly Cedars, 
 which are tlie belt of all tlie ln^lini-.-lmcrivMt 
 Plantations, Pulm, Barberry, Laurel, Olive, Mul- 
 berry , Pear, and Oranjiie-Trees •, the fruit of 
 t!kfe l.irt the nioft delicious of any yet known. 
 Of I owl there 1. ^reat Vanity ■, hut of BealU the 
 tvrlijh found none but Swine, wliicli Iiad been 
 left there by tlie .s/wv/,/)v/( and ii.creas'd •, but for 
 1 lib tlieie lb as ;;reat Plenty as in any Part of the 
 World. 
 
 fraiij^csus'd f irmerlv to be brought over from 
 Jlcn/iiitl.i-, whicli have not of late Years. Ainber- 
 grcfce H .iiiotlier of t'i.:ir CoiniiaKJities, wliirli 
 tliev tind upon the Sluire, a- waSpcy/n.i Ctr;, and 
 Whale Oil •, but their Trade is mudi decay'd, 
 .nid now they employ tliemlelvcs inuih in build- 
 ini;of finall blup* and Sloops-, fo t!iat the People 
 are i^eneially pLMr, and tlieir Diet ordinary, of 
 whiili they have Plenty and live Eafy. 
 
 TIic Lucayo 1 (lands. 
 
 0'(/.(/;/WAi«/oneof tliefelflands,was the firft Land 
 of .■hue-Ill I, Cljnjhpber Culu/tibiis dilcover'd in his 
 full \inage upon tliat Defi^n , which he call'd 
 S. SMvihr , and rcrkon'd it was 950 leagues 
 from tlie Cjtiarics. Thii llla;;d was very linall, 
 lyin^ in 26Degree'; of North Latitude, and about 
 u 11 vail Number of other lilandi y,rcat and linall. 
 Tlie Natives of thein all feem'd to be in their j-'ri- 
 niitive Iniioceiue, gouu^ naked, ainaz'd at the (ii^lit 
 of thcSlrps, Hocking Aboard theip, and admiring 
 every Tlun^ thev law. No f 'attel or living Crca- 
 rrires were found in them, but Birds, efpccially 
 Parrots, and loine Snakes. 1 lie\ knew nothing 
 otlron, but inlteadol if made Uleol IliarpStoiies 
 and Bones iif fillies. The only Thing tiiey had to 
 ria'.!e with was ("otton, I'anots, and Weapons 
 pointed with l-jl!i Bone?. All iliefc lliands are 
 iv.o[\ Plealiinrand Delightful, the Air hi.::'" geiie- 
 t.illy Icrene, the llvat tempei'd with the ctnllant 
 
 Breezes, and the Sw,' extraordinary liuirful, t!ir 
 Trees and fields always green. Some little 
 Cold was feen amouj, the People, but that t!iev 
 had from other Parts. Some of thefe Illinds, arc 
 2r, JO, or more leagues in Length-, others much 
 lels, and many fo fmall that tliev hwk more like 
 Rocks. They differ nor at all from one another, 
 nor have they been much fought after by llnr.,- 
 pr.pis, and therefore there i.; the lefstone fiid of 
 them , finci; what ferves one may be takeu for 
 tliem all. 
 
 P>ovida;ce Ill.ind mav he reckoii'd in this Num- 
 ber, whicli has been poTefs'd by the Proprietors 
 ofC.tyolitii^ fmce the Year 1667, being in 25 De- 
 grees of North latitude, 28 Miles long and 11 
 over where broadelL The People tliat fii ft went 
 to iiih.ibir it were, as h nfual ni (lull Colonies, 
 a 1 ewd Ciaiig, wht) l!\ipp'd off their dovernour 
 f or J.tmiic.i, and liv'd as tiiey pleas'd. Souk Years 
 alter, the Sp.iiihiiii.. carry'd olF and deliroy'd all 
 they toiind upon tile Illand, and by tliat Me.ms 
 olilig'd the lieW of the Planters ioqu\t ir. About 
 1681;, a trelh l-'arctl went ov;r from l-.>.i\l:<iiii\wi\ 
 other Parts. 1 he chief (upport of tins wretched 
 Colony depended upon Wrecks and Trade witli 
 witli Pyratcs, wlio often come tliitlier to Ipeud 
 their Money and Riot. The Town in it was 
 rxWWN ijf.ui, and laid to com ain idoHouli--, or 
 C^ittages, Willi a fort. Helides this, there were 
 other mil'erable SetlKmen's on l/trhiir Illand , 
 ■.\w\ Flnitlj(,\i. The only Commodity they havc 
 hei-e to F.xport is Salt, whereof they tranfport 
 conliclerableQiiantities to the Continent. In 170^, 
 the froich and SpMii.irtis utterly dcftro^'d the 
 Town and fort liere, carry'd away tlie Oover- 
 nour, ail tlie Blacks •'•"d fcveral Inhabitinits, t.'ie 
 rell tlyiiijj to the Continent, fiiicc: winch it con- 
 tinues Delart, is do tlieothcrs above mention'd. 
 
 Hifpaniola, 
 
 Difcover'd by Cn//(w/>//.( inhisfii.ll N'oyage, and 
 by the Natives call'd y-lyii, or Hiyti^ and Omf- 
 (juci.t, lies between 18 and 20 degrees of N?)ith 
 latitude, and is about 400 Leagues in Compa'', 
 as being near i^^ in length, and Coin Breadth 
 where larged. 1 lie Monimgsare fimewhat lior, 
 but the V\ iiids tlieii rilnu; fr iin the Sea make it 
 temperate all tlie rell of the L'»ay. The S(m1 ii 
 veryFruitful, and tiie abundaiicc of Pallure lias 
 occalloii'd all Sorts of Cattel . as Horfes, Kinc, 
 and Swine to increafe fo procfigioully, that they 
 run wild, belonging to no .Viu'i, but are free to 
 any thai will take them. Tiiefe were firft brought 
 from .Sbj(>;-, fir at the Time of the tirft Dilco- 
 very, here were no other Hearts, but a fort of 
 little Creatures call'd Hiitias., fomething like Rab 
 bits, but Imaller ■■, and a fort of little dumb Dogs, 
 wliicli never bark'd. 
 
 Of all liie lorts of Lilb which were moft of 
 thole known ill l.inopi, aiuf others we are Stran- 
 gers to, the Afw.in was ('ingular, being as big 
 as a Calf, with two feet betore , which ferve it 
 to i^o oil 1 and and fwun in til;; Water. Some 
 of liiele are 20 foot long-, the females are deli- 
 ver'd of tlieir Young like Cows, and have tui' 
 Dugs to iuikle them. The Heili of tliem is as 
 giKid as \'eal , and will keep a loiig Time eitliei 
 (moak'd, or dry'd in ihe Sun. The fat ot it 
 never grows nifty, and is good f-r Ieveral Ulcs. 
 Of Birds here is the greateft and moft be.mtiful 
 \ ariety, being of all lorts that .•1,iit;ii.j bieeiU. 
 
 Noi 
 
 Plunc'eriiJ 
 what iem„ 
 but none ; 
 the other 
 nent hav> 
 Names, ot i 
 
 /'.■', Cl: 
 
 •>/ *.,. Oj, 
 
 Was . 
 firft Viva. 
 
IS LJN7)S. 
 
 ^75 
 
 ■noR oi 
 Stran- 
 as big 
 trve a 
 
 Siiiiik.- 
 : tlch- 
 
 /tf t\Vi' 
 
 n !•< '!• 
 
 (.•Itlk'i 
 
 .>t It 
 ilUlcs. 
 .lUtitiil 
 
 Nor is there lefs Divorfity of Fruits a.: ' Plants 
 \hm ill anv Part of tho Continent. 
 
 Wjieii firil difcovcr'cl , this Ifland was extra- 
 ordinary rii.Ii in Gold Mines, paitirul.irly thofc 
 lit the I'rovmce of Cibio and 5. C/;>;//op/;frj, which 
 yielded inrrcdiMeQnantiticb,and were tlic Death 
 of phnndanci' of the Natives. At prelent we hiar 
 of no Tjiild btoni^ht from thence j which donht- 
 lefs is becanfc the Mine^ have been cxliaullcd by 
 the gnedv fearch of the firft Difcuvi-rer--. Its 
 other I'rndnct is Cotton, and Indigo, whiih is 
 the main Trade .it thib Time. 
 
 The Natives went naked, and were an inno- 
 rent fnnple fort of People, living npon what the 
 Earth natuvallv pmduc'd, or at kail with little 
 1-abonr , in \'illa;;es of fmall 1 hits. They 
 had fomething of Rcliftious Worlhip , which 
 they Paid t<> little hnaf;es of Wood or Stone, 
 and end.Mvonr'd to hide iliein tVoin tht %;«;■)>•<:/;. 
 Thefetliey cdl'd Ci/'ik, and liad Monies let apart 
 ro keep them in. Hflides tlie C.uiqiies kept three 
 Stones, whidi they honour'd, pretending the one 
 was good to prel'erve their llar\ iV, another to 
 obtain Rain, and the tliird for Women in Labonr. 
 When a Ciagnc dv'd,they Bowcl'd him and dry'd 
 up his Body at the Fire, orellivm;^ it afterwards 
 with Bread and Drnik by it, and liis Wives to 
 attend. 1 hey im.it;iii'd the Souls of tlie Dead 
 went to a Delightful \ .dley, where they found 
 tlieir Ancclii i>, and liv'd in all fulnels of I'lea- 
 lure. M-'iiy Snperftitions were in life aiming 
 thcin, too tedious to relate, efpecially confider- 
 ing there are nor.e nj thofe People lu w lelt, they 
 beinpall conlum'd by the Wars, Difeales and the 
 1 abour of tlie Vines. 
 
 When Coinir.bii' firft Difcover'd this Ifland, he 
 built a Wo(;den l-ort (n it, in which he left 30 
 Men , but at his return found them all kiU'd, 
 and the li rt bi ri.r. lie therefore remov'd thence, 
 and built the T; wn he caird IJik!Li,on the North 
 fide of the Ifiani', where he found a linall Mar- 
 bour nid a p'.eaiant Sitnatitn •, but neither was 
 this lalling, the li.h.ibitants be-inj, afterwards re- 
 mov'd to S'l/no l')oi>ii>n[o. This is now the Me- 
 tropolis featcd on ihe South fide of the Ifland, 
 upon a giH)cl HarhoiT, in a delightful Plain. It 
 is rccki ii'd one of die belt Cities in thofc Parto, 
 being very lpac:''ii^, .itmoft all of Stone, and en- 
 (i mp.ils'd'with a Ifro'.g Wall. Here is alio a Ca- 
 thedral , this being an Arthbillioprick , feveral 
 MniiaiKries ot 1 :'miiiic.:nj, I'r.oicijicwi, Mcrce- 
 nariansand two of Nun^, a fi'ee School, to winch 
 1* annex'd a Revenue of 4COO Ducats, and ini Ho- 
 fpital worth zicco Diuats a Year, bel'idesa Mint, 
 and a ttrong Caftle •, and ir is the Refidcnce of 
 the Sovereign Court ni all the Iflands. The Trade 
 of the iii.'t-lnUiei being remov'd to other Parts, 
 th^City Is miichdec.iy'd. This Place wa-. taken 
 111 the^e.i 1 5SC) bv Sir i-Vi»?.'t. -3 /'i.i^f, who alter 
 Plundering and doing mueii .Milchitf, raniomd 
 vihat remain'd. 1 here are 10, or i : other 1 own*, 
 but none to compare to thisand all miuli decay 'd •, 
 the other Dik-overiesand Cunc,uefts on ilie Conii- 
 neiit having cirawii aw.iv the Iiiha! it.uits. The 
 Names ot the f'l incipal lowiis are 6.//^ ilecr:, /.ty- 
 ha, (yi;\. .-'i/i.;, J.y!;/(.!W.J, C meyciiH 'c I* I ig.i-, 
 S^tHtiif :i( las C.ivMuo: ^ I. .mode i'i.i.i., and 
 •U. i.u Chrijh. 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Was Ii''? the lift dili'ivei'd b^ Co.vr.hiu, in his 
 fiiil Voyage, but he luaie not Itay '>■) it, uor did 
 
 he know whether it was an IlLmd, or part of the 
 Continent. The fecond Voyage he fnl'd a coiifi- 
 derablc Wav along the Cau(\ of it, but not about. 
 J.iwes I'el.ij'iiicz., was the .Man who entirely dif- 
 cover'd and luhdu'd it, in the Year 151 1. 
 
 The llland lies between 20 and 25 Degrees of 
 North Latitude, Haft of th.- Coaft of Afexko^ 
 South uf Flarid.t, Weft of Hfp-tnioLt, and North 
 iifj.i/ii.iict. The l.engtli ofii is above 230 Leagues 
 from Raft to Weft, but not above 4^ in Hreadth 
 in the wideft Part. As to Air, Fertility, Pnxluft, 
 Natives and Animals it agrees in inoft Particular* 
 witli what lias been faid ui HijpJniul.i., thenearell 
 1 iiidb o\ them being not ab.ive 10 Leagues afun- 
 der , and both of them within the Tropiek of 
 C.i'ucvy with inconlidercible Difference in Lati- 
 tude. The Land is for tlie moft part Plain, tho* 
 tliere are very high Mountains at the F.aft End» 
 and others nut fo high in tlie Middle, from which 
 leveral plealiint Rivers How, (lime to the North 
 and others to the Soutli, and all full of excellent 
 Filh. The whole Length of it is tover'd with 
 Woods-, lb that Travellers may go from one End 
 to the other in a continual Shade, of abundance 
 ol lorts of Trees, among wliich tliere arc moll 
 ftately Ced;;rs -, fo large that Canooes have been 
 made e.f tlie Body of a fingk one, that would 
 carry 50 .Men, or upwards. 6>/?;ci'i tells us for 
 truit, iiere ate two particular Ibrts, which are 
 not found elfewhere; > he one is like a Hart, call'd 
 (I'lu/i.ivju.t, green without, and has lome thorny 
 Prickles, within made up of white .Vlorfels of a 
 pleafant Tafte, between fweet and ftiarp, with 
 lome Stones. The other fort u call'd CimitOy ex- 
 artly like an Orange on the out-lide, and within 
 has a white and red Pulp, of a fweet Tafte. The 
 Tiee as tall as a Pear Tree, the Leaf on the one 
 fide green, and on the other a Cinamon Colour. 
 Betides thefe, ihcre are all other forts oi American 
 and t.iiropi in Fruits. 
 
 The Mountain-, he fays, and is the laft who 
 has writ of that Place, are full of Wild Boars, 
 Cows, 1-lorles and Mules, lielides, there arc a- 
 bundaiue of all liirts of Birds, efpecially Parrots 
 and Pai tridges, bigger than Quails, with blue 
 1 iear'.s. ;\nd of thofe that are ftt for tlie Cage, 
 there is great Plenty of a delicate tort they call 
 Ch.imbeif^vs. There is a fott ol Parrots very com- 
 mon, call'd Cor »rrf/j>, fume ot which have BUek 
 and Green Feathers, and others Blue ^ utherii 
 Black and Green Feathers, their breaft red and 
 half the Head white, being good to eat. The 
 0/(.i<..Jw<n'ii do not talk, but are fo curiouftv co- 
 lour'd, that the beft Pencil can frarce ecjua) tnem. 
 The County in general is very Delighttul, hciiig 
 full of little Hollies, with (Jardens and Farms, 
 where there is no want of Indi.m Fruit 
 
 The Capital City and Billiop's See is call'd ?j«- 
 ti.if'j) dr (niia, built by J.tmti t'^etajqnei, the f^rll 
 Conqueror, on theSv>uth fide of the Ulsnd, about 
 two Leagues from the Sea, at the Kntom rf a 
 Harbour, which luftly claims Place among the 
 beft in .-//ADu./jhavnig a narrow tntraiice,within 
 whitiiisa IpaciousBay, full of little Iflands, and 
 is fo ftill that there is fcatce any need of Anchors. 
 Tlie Trad'' bein* remov'd to the H.ivmu., this 
 City is niuih decay'd, and is the Relicience of the 
 Deputy Governourot the llland. The prinnpal 
 l^omuKxlities Exported thence , are Hides and 
 Su^.tf , belides Cop^xr, whtreol there ire rich 
 Mnies on high .Vkmjitaiiis 5 Leajiues from the 
 
 i <i^ 
 i I 
 
 il 
 
 % 
 
iy6 
 
 /AMERICAN 
 
 The HivMiii^ thij' it has not t!ic Title, may 
 now be rcfkon'd the Chief, leated in ;; Degrees 
 ao Minutes Latitude, in a delitihtfiil Hlaiii. It is 
 altnoft Round , about halt' a Lcacuc in Compafs, 
 wall'd and lately much furtify'd. The Inhabi- 
 tants are about 4000 Sp.tiiiiirds ^ Afntatios and 
 Blacks ., the Women beautiful, the Men iuf^aiious, 
 and the Moufes low. The I larhour endoles two 
 fides of theCit\, and is fafe aftanill Enemies and 
 Wcathei, fodeepthat tlie greateft Ships Ancii'ir 
 at a fmall Diftance from the Shore. It is defend 
 cdby three Cillles, tlie Chief of them cli'd tl 
 Afono^ihe fecond Del.i Putit.i, and the ilnrd cjiiiy 
 The Fort. The firft on the Left hand ;;iiirii)^ t!ic 
 Harbour, which it dtfcads with 12 lieiivy Pieces 
 of Cannon cali'd, Tlie Apoftles, lynu; Itv.l with 
 the Water, and h is 55 Pieces mnuiited in all. 
 The Fort which is on the other fide of the H.ir- 
 bour has 4g<x)d Baftions and a i'latrDrm towards 
 the Mouth <:f the I'urt, well fuuiilli'd wit!i liral* 
 Cannon. Tlie Callle of the Point is (Inall, but h.is 
 aIlo4 R.illions.Here are (tv.iul Chm cites and M 1- 
 nafterieb,and two very t'.ood lli)fuitaL,aiid it is to 
 be obferv'd tliat of l.ite Year*, the Kui tilicatiuiis 
 of this Place liave been very much iinprov'd. 
 
 Befides tliele two, Iiere aie many utiier confi 
 dcrable Towns, as /l.ii.icp.i^ S. SJ-.ulor ur Hu- 
 y.t/no, Puerto del r,infipt\, I ]jt ' iti: y.rri.'r, [.iTi in,- 
 dati, and ijthers, wliuh would uiuire .1 miiih 
 greater Compafs to treat o( m P^iiiculir, tlian 
 this \'oUiine will alKiw. Monj^ the Soiitlarn 
 Coaft there lies avail Numbei of III.ukIs, parted 
 by very narrow Channels •, the lllnuis always 
 green and beautiful, and therefore ill'd by the 
 Spaniiiid:, J.trdiii Ac 1 1 Fcyii.i, tlie Ciuecn-, Gar 
 den. .Many other fmall lllands lieabout not only 
 Cid'.i but iLfpm'..)!.! , j.i/n.iit.i and Piitrru A'/c', 
 whidi cantiot here be taken Notice of, as beiiit; 
 tooiiiconfiderable, and would take up a N'olume 
 to treat of tliem all, wliirh no Man has >et done, 
 and therefore it inav lutiice to fpeak of thole, 
 wliicli delerve it. 
 
 Jamaica. 
 
 As well,a> tlie other two aheady mention'd, was 
 dilcovei'd by Ci.y.Jliphcr CvLimbiti , but tliis 111 
 Iiis fecoiid \ oya^ie lo yimer'ni. It lies in about 
 17 or 18 Degrees of North Latitude , about ?o 
 Leagues Soutli from t «/>,;, and tlie fame Diftaiice 
 Well from H.ipimoli-^ rcckon'd 50 Leagues in 
 
 I eiin th, and loiii Hre.itlth. 
 
 The >;• .-.-.7 '.,J> pc ilFefs'd themfelves of this IflAiid, 
 isr,Ki!i as any of the others after Hhinfjlt^ and 
 built fome lowns in it, wliere th.ey traded with 
 Hidi's, Tallow, IVpper, Cotton and Indigo ■, for 
 
 II never yielded an\, I juld , like Hlfp.iriiiil.> and 
 ( 't.', aiul tliereloic 11 was always more negleiled, 
 and never well inhabited, or fortify 'd. However 
 they rem.iln'd poHeb'd of it till the Dav^ of the 
 Uluiper OLiCf Cro,ii:veii, wlio bein;^ at VVar with 
 tht: Sp miurJ.., on Account of tlieir harbouring 
 KuigCh.iilc, iii his Exile, fitted out a fleet un- 
 der the C.iinni.ind of Admiral /'».«;, witli 6 or 
 7^^0 I and iiitn aboard, Command.d by tjeiieral 
 I'l/i.ihlf, a;;ainll the Wdt-lndits. Tliofe l-orces 
 at the I t.waid lllands weic increas'd 10 near 
 10000 .^U:', aiid irtil'd thence to Mj/)<v/;.(//.;, where 
 they I ..r»<3.d, near tlie City n^Smiu Dumii^, , but 
 were difcated and forc'd back to their Ships. 
 This Dil.ippointmcnt put them upon lome other 
 i\dventure, and actoidiiigly they Laiide*.! next 
 
 mj.nn.'.ic.i, which beiiij', wlvllv unprovided to 
 wiihftaiid fiidia Power as wanting both .Men and 
 Ammunition, tiiey made an eafy Conqncll. The 
 5p.wiii</.t retir'd to the Woods and Mountains 
 whence they m.ide fomeExeurrions, but rcceiviii(> 
 no Recruits, and bein^ themfelves no wav Able 
 to Cope witli Inch a Numerous Enemy, they at 
 lail wafted themftlves ovu' to Cub.i ^ and thence 
 tootlicr i'arts. 
 
 Paliinii bv other Particulars finrc it cime into 
 the Eiij^l Jh Hind:., whielidonot make toom- I'm-, 
 pofe, a> tile lli:iini.fnl llielteniigof Puates llico;.- 
 ihntly praitib'd liiere, and "much more of th.t 
 Nature, we will only ipc.ik a few Worcls of the 
 inofl Dreadful F„irt!iiiuake wliich banned in the 
 Year 169:. It began on the 7th of J<wf ji'iout 
 Noon,and in two Minutes iliook down and drown 
 ed y parts in 10 of the City uf Poii-Ku\:il^ die 
 Water hreakinj; and tlie land linking, lo tliat 
 the 1 Joules were fome half, and oilur-. .luite un- 
 der Water, above 1000 /«.,/;//; and fSlacks pt-rilh- 
 ing 111 t!ie Town. All the ^loule^ in tile lilaiid 
 were tliiown D.jwn. Two Mountains wereover- 
 thrown and met, and another fptii. The S\p.in 
 Frigat, a Man of War , l^m.; by the Wliarf to 
 CareeiijWas tlir(nvn overtlie Top-, of (,Mne lloulcs. 
 A hideous Noill: was [kard on the Mountaim, 
 .ind thole few Monies tliat did not ,(iiite fail v/cr; 
 fo lliaken that no Man diirll live m them. Ihe 
 Shock was (i) ftrong , th.;t People could fcane 
 keep their legs, when running tor their I ives^ 
 many fell upon their Knees or Faces. Not one 
 lloufe was lelt Ihniding at V.i'J i^c tort ^ one at 
 I igi.ttii.t, and none at Sini.i^n ^ but a few low 
 ones built by the Spi/n.tr.lf. 1 he Kartii opui'd 
 m leveial Places, and on the North fide of the 
 llland fwalli)W'd People, Ih.all,, Trees,and wliolc 
 Plantations , leaving uillc.id of tliun a 1 ake of 
 above loco .Acres. 
 
 Ihc llland is cut m twobya Ridgeof Moun- 
 tains running acrofs it from Eall to V\ elt, li) high 
 that they are fcarce pafTible^ and bv them it'is 
 divided into the North and South lides. from 
 tliefe Mountains very many Rivers run down 
 crolliug it the other wa^, which render the Lanci 
 extraordinary tertile, and plcalimt ., for the Trees 
 are green all the Year. 
 
 The Heat is temper'd by the daily Breezes, Q> 
 that the llottcft Time of the Dav is the tint Part 
 of the Morning, after which tliofe Conllant Gales 
 riliuji tunn the Sea render it Moderate •, befides 
 whit-h the Rains and l')ews falling at Night help 
 very much to cixjl. On the Hills the Weather is 
 cool enough, cfnecially tovvards the Tops ot the 
 higli Mountains, which are excellive cold. Tlie 
 Lensth of the Days and Nights docs not vary 
 mucli, by Rcafon of the Nearnefs to the Enuin> 
 aial. All the Night the Wind blows off the llland, 
 from every Pan of it to tlie Sea. 
 
 The i*rodu£t and Commodities oi "Janu-tka, are 
 I. Sugar, whuli is finer than that of H.irbadoes, 
 and theQiiaiitity yearly brought over very grea:. 
 z. C.c.itf Nuts, for making of Chocolate, whereof 
 tiiere is now very little, the Trees of late Years 
 being laid not to thrive, and when they did the 
 Nut was one of the worll forts that grew in yi- 
 iiioit.i. 3. Indigo, which is good, tho' (4' lefs 
 N'alue th.?'t the tufi-lndi.t^ but abundance of it 
 grows in the Illaiid. 4. 'J.irnMa Pepper, by lome 
 cal^dy///^;<.(f , how properly, is not worth con- 
 troverting, but the two prevailinji Tallcs in it 
 are of Pepper and Cloves. 5. Cotton, the Qiian- 
 
 titv 
 
 't IS rcm.i 
 bland as thi 
 betail'da I 
 and yet Ibm 
 t'lejill) Men 
 how true ill 
 
 By tlie N. 
 •■"vcrd b^ C- 
 -•'■'■■• 149?, 
 
IS Lj1NT>S. 
 
 ^77 
 
 tity vcrv ronfiderable, hut not rcfkon'd fo good 
 as th.it of the Ealh 6. Ginger, wliich -Mi is pleii- 
 fil'ul ciiot'uh. Thtffc arc the chief Coimnodities 
 for Trade, befides which the Illaiid prcxltices mod 
 Things iHTclTluv f'lr Human life-, as Parture, 
 Kruit and TimberTvees, and all Sorts of Herbs 
 and I'Uints, Vanetv of f-owl, and the Sea Store 
 of Fill). Hefides what lias been mention'd, here 
 throws (ill I] tciiWy Chin (, .S" irfapnilla^ C>^ii , Td- 
 wurindsy and many more Medicinal and Ufefiil 
 Plants and Trees. The Tabacco here is not worth 
 l'peaki;;f', of, for tho* it urows where planted, yet 
 the Qjiiuitv is inconfiderable •, cither that it 
 proves not u,ood, or that the Inhabitants find bet- 
 ter Advantage other Ways. More oi the Growth 
 of the lllintl tlie Cnrious may find in Dr. Sloan'i 
 Natural Hift<irvof it. 
 
 Helides tlie Trade to f'.iiiope, there was another 
 far more beneficial from Jam^iica to the Spanijh 
 ylr-.crii^m DoiMiiMons, fir Blacks, and l-.tiglijb Ma- 
 iiutaftures, which hidui^ht in very confiderablc 
 Sums of Pieces of r.i[.',!it, and was a great Ad- 
 vantage, not oulv to the Ifland but to hnpjiand. 
 I he inefent War has interrupted, and Peace may 
 rertcre it. From /:>/i;/.W I'rovifions, all forts of 
 (■lt)at!unu,Hon(licild-Stutr, Working- Tools, and 
 man\ other NecelTai its are carried over thithir, 
 wliich vield a ronlkiei.ible Profit. 
 
 To \..\{<. by what this Illand has been, it is at 
 prtlent divided into 16 Parillies, wliich beftin- 
 iinr, at Mrr.-.r.t I'oint, being the firft on tlie 
 Soutli-rart (ide, lie thus. i. S. Davidi, where is 
 a firiall I'Lite cali'd I'ree-Tovcn, and VoxtMonmt, 
 wliere Sliips find llieltcv. 2. l'ort-l'oy.il,x.hi: Name 
 of the ('.ipital Tity of J.-.nhtic.t, very great and 
 fonfiderable before the Farthquake above-men- 
 tinn'd, but totally ruin'd by it, and being Re- 
 built, was 10 Yeiirs after burnt down, and the 
 Town vciiiov'd to Kncflou in S. A>idrerv\ Parilh. 
 T !ie Port whiih p.avc Occafion to build this City 
 15 1.) iktp and l.irge that it can contain the lar- 
 }',ei1 Hcevinthe VVorld, and Ships ride fafe in it 
 Iroiu all Weatlier. ;. 5. Andrnvs^ where, as has 
 been I!ik1, is the Town of Kin/^/iurt, increas'd to 
 7 or Sco Moufes by the Deflruftioii of I'oyt-Royal. 
 4. S.(i.:tiiir:i:es Parifli, and in it the fmallTown 
 ^^i' P''(f:?.i^ Ft""', at tiie Mouth of the River that 
 ri.iis to Sii!tiiit:"i co'.itainiiig :cx3 Houfes, being 6 
 A'lles trom that Town, and as many from Pore- 
 Ro)i.il. 5. S.Johi'i up the Inland, rcckon'd the 
 Kelt 111 all n.imuic.:, and in it ^Dauijh-T .\r>i , or 
 S:>it:.n'.c, the Capital of the Uland, of about zocx) 
 lloufes fiiue the Ruin oi Pon-Rcyal, A Pleal'ant 
 City, wliofc Inhabitants fpare for nothing that 
 I uvury can prompt. 6. S. Dorothys Parilh, has 
 (ltd Hirboiir in it , a good Road , wiiere many 
 Ships may Ride. 7. yircPai-in. 8. tlii.jbeih'i. 
 (J. S.J.tmcs'fi. IC. S. yiatifs. 11. CI. iraidoii. 12 
 i. /if dies. 1 3. SJ'ljoniM in the f-^Mc. 146'. Ciiorges, 
 I ;. .^■. Tl.oriM, "lid 16 KivgUoit. 
 
 It lb remarkable that in lo great and fruitful an 
 Illand as thi . is, tliere is fcarcc any Place that can 
 be lall'd H I own, befides thole alrendy mention'd •, 
 and yet iome priteiid to tell us there are 6cooo 
 twjilh Men, Women and Children m theliland •, 
 !viw true is hard tii determine. 
 
 was afterwards added de Pmno Ricit, or of t!ie 
 Rich Port, and lies Eaft from Hil'p.w:oL% about 20 
 Te.igues. The Length of it isbetween /iO and %% 
 leagues and the Breadth 2C, being alo-ig S(iiiare. 
 It is for the moft part temperate, being cool'd as 
 has been faid of Jamaica. The Soil is rich and 
 affords excellent Pallure ^ but the Cattel here na- 
 turally are apt to grow very wild. Moll; of the 
 Country is Hilly , but the Middle of it is cut a- 
 funder by a very high Ridge of Mountains, cali'd 
 by the Spaniards, Sierra del Loquillo, the little 
 Madman's Mountain. Several Rivers fall from it 
 and water the Land. The general Growth is the 
 fame as in yamaicn, and in tlie other lllands, and 
 in this as well as them grows the poifonous Kruit 
 the Spiwiiirds call Manz.nniUa. or little Apple, 
 moft .igreeablcto look to, and ofa delicious Scent, 
 but eaten is certain Death ; nay,"the very Shade of 
 itcaufes fuch as Sleep under the Tree to fwell, 
 and any Drops falling from it on the Helli raife 
 Blifters. To make Amends here are feveral Me- 
 dicinal Trees, and among them the Tihorucu^ 
 Iromwhicha Bituminous Subftancediftills, which 
 heals Wounds and cures all Pains caus'd bv 
 Cold. * 
 
 It was formerly extraordinary rich in Gold and 
 Silver Mines, which are now cither exhaufted, or 
 ncglcfted for want of People to work in them. 
 The mam Wealth of it at prefcnt confifts in Su- 
 gar, Ginger , Caflia , Cotton and Hides, there 
 being fuch Multitudes of Cattel that they are 
 kill'd only for them, and the Tallow , the Flefli 
 being left a Prey to the Birds and Dogs. 
 
 Jolm Ponce de Leon, was the Spaniard that be- 
 gan to fettle here, in the Year ijio, who built a 
 Town on the North fide, but was torc'd to re- 
 move it, and afterwards fix'd it at that which is 
 ihll talld S, Cerinam on the Weft fide. In i J14. 
 the City cali'd S. Jiiu^i dc Puerto Rice, as well as 
 the Illand, was founded, on the North fide, ancl 
 had the Name from the C;oodnefsof the Harnourj 
 on which it is feated. It is a Billiop's See ancl 
 has a noble Cathedral, two other Churches, and 
 without ■'. Monaftery of Dumi/ncms. The Port 
 is larg' .d defended againft all Winds, as well 
 as E 'mies, the Entrance being a narrow Chan- 
 nel, 'jmmandal by a ftrong Fort, and another 
 cali'd tile Fortrefs at a fmall Diftance from it. 
 The jd Town is cali'd Jlredbo, befides which 
 there are feveral fmaller Places or Villages, and 
 abundance of fcatter'd Settlements. 
 
 The Caribbee Windward and Leeward Iflands. 
 
 According to Herrera and the Spaniards, who 
 [lave the Names, the Windward Iflands, or thole 
 which reach from the Illand of 5. John de Puerto 
 Rico, above defcrib'd on the North, as far as Mar- 
 tinico Southward , that and all the reft below it 
 towards the Continent of South America, beinft 
 cali'd, the Leeward lllands , becaufe they lie oir 
 out of the common Courfe of Ships failing from 
 Spain to the Wcjt-lndii >. Under the latter Name 
 we include feveral linall Iflands lying farther in 
 to the Weftward, along the Co.ift of South A- 
 iiicrici. 
 
 Puerto Rico. 
 
 The Caribbee lllands, are alio cali'd Antilles^ 
 
 as is thought from tlie Greek Ami, oppofite. with 
 
 tcfpert to their Pofition to the greater lllands. 
 
 By the Natives call d Borrirjnen , was firft dif- They have the Name of Ifl mds of Canbbes and 
 
 fijverd by C/"/'v/)/jei C,//;(//;t;/j inhis 2d. Nonage, Ci;//fc,</;, from the Inhabitants eating of Man'* 
 
 Wv/. i4(j?, and by him nani'd S.'john^ to which Flclh. They are all within the Torrid Zone^ 
 
 0.(1 q fr»m 
 
 ■A%\ 
 
 % 
 
 i: ' 
 
 ^i 
 
 
 ■iiji'i'ii 
 mm 
 
 ii 
 
 % 
 
 I 
 
 >M'' 
 
»78 
 
 AMERICAN 
 
 from 10 to 19 DfRrees of North Ijititudc, and 
 vet healthy and temperate, fi>r the liiine Keafori 
 as has been liiid in fpcakin;; of the other lllaiuls, 
 which is the Sea Breeze romiii)? duly up in the 
 Morninc;, and hlowinR the greater part of the 
 Pay- As for Told, it is fcarce known in thcfc 
 Iflands. All the difference conftitntnif?, Siimincr 
 and Winter, is Rain and lair Weather, for the 
 Trees and tields are confentuiitly ureen all the 
 Year about. However the NuiJUs are ilelifjitfully 
 cool, but it is dant^erous to he Biicove ed, be- 
 raule that rcMilncfs RivCB Colds, and laiilcs many 
 Dirtempers, elpecially in ilie Stoinach. I he Dai,-, 
 are never alxjve 14 Hours Umg, or ever Id's than 
 ic 
 
 The Soil in many Places is as ricli at any in 
 the Woil'l, and all the iniiabited lllands pro 
 dnce Plenty of all thinRs for tlie Subfillance of 
 the Inhabitants. T(j forward the which, they 
 are all 'veil provided with excellent Springs, 
 Lakes, Brix>ki, and even i^ood Rivers ^ befidcs 
 Miner. i\ Waters found ill linnenf thcin, and luc- 
 ceti-fnl f<.>r th« Cure of feveral Dillempers. Sul- 
 pliur isfiiondin many Parts ot the Mountains i 
 tlicle whit'i dolervo the Name nf Kiveri arc ne- 
 ver dry, and have an intiiiite i|iiantity of liflii 
 \ iiies thrive very well, and bear twice a Year, 
 the drapes are i;'>-<U ''"' the Wine made of 
 tlR';n will not keep •, Wheat never ripens here, 
 by reafon t!ie L.uid ib too rank, and ic never 
 comes to Ear. 
 
 Tlie Natives call'd Curilba, or Cuiihah^ arc 
 well lliap'd, proportionable, of a miildle Stature, 
 anda plealant fmiluiK Afpcft, their Skins of an 
 Dlive Colour, and their Eyes black, tiieir Noie 
 aiKUorehead Hat, which isdonedefijinedly, and 
 nottuUiial i but there aie none l.aine, or Crook- 
 «d, or otlicrwile deform'd, and tliey have no 
 Beard at all to be fceii, f.'r if any i^vows, they 
 pull it up by tlic Root, thiiikuii; it a great De- 
 lormitv. The\, ro Ihirk Naked as they come in- 
 to the VVorld, both Men and Women, and if 
 any of them lliould i;o about to hide their Pri- 
 vities, they would be laugli'd at by the rell ^ 
 nor ccjuld the Chrilbans living among tLein ever 
 perfwadcthem to wear any Covering, only out 
 of Complailance, when they come amoni^Chri- 
 fti.ins, lome of cliem will put on a Shiit, l>aw- 
 ers, and Hat, which they layby as loon as they 
 retiivii ho.ne. Inftead of Cloatlis they paint their 
 Bodies after I'everal miuiners., but generally Red. 
 As for Religion, tjcy pradife little, \et iiave 
 lome natural Notion ot a Deity, or iuperiour 
 p. I'.ver rel'id-.n!^ in 1 leaven, \n tlie lame manner as 
 iiurrXitUi lor they believe (jixl does iiot concern 
 himU-li'^vith our Actions, good or bad, and there- 
 toietliey neither Ik )»our nor regard liim. All 
 their VVorll.',|) is paid to (oine g'jod Spirits they 
 talk of, whn.h are tlieir Otxls, and they fuppole 
 to be very iiuirKrous, and that every Ferlon has 
 one peculiar. They liave alio a Ibrt of Conju- 
 rers, whitli ,vre their Prielli, and liave each of 
 'thcin a Ood of their own, ur rather, as Ik be- 
 hev"(L, a iaimliar Devil. This may luilice in gene- 
 r.il jWt now come to lay foinethin^ofeacli Uland 
 ui Note 111 jMrticular, oe^iiiniii); with tlw moll 
 Norrheil',, ami fo proceeding Stiuthw-ird. 
 
 j-inc :.iu ,, .w& Sumbrcro, are the two tirll, in 18 
 IXi'.iees North Latitude, boili iin.ill and uiunha- 
 bitid. 
 
 . *7):,i;cW/, theX'irgins, are 12 or i? very little 
 •»iivs ai»out the Uuie latitude, between the for- 
 
 mer and Puerto Rno^ ai;d defart as tlic Lift. 
 
 .S'.wM f.Vwi, or the Holy Crof*, foinewhat to 
 the Southward o| the \'ir)4nis,is.iliout 10 1 eai'.ucs 
 in h ',th, and fomewhat lefs in breatlth, has've- 
 ry fiiiitful Plains, pt)frelVd Iiy the /•/■ewi/^, who 
 have made very hoikI Settlements on it, tlieir 
 principal Trade beiiii^ Sugar, for they do mit l<> 
 much regard the Cotton, which it will produce 
 in i;teat Plenty. 
 
 yt/iiiiil.i, ill ^pwijh an Eel, becanfe it is lon^ 
 and narrow, is in 18 Degrees, all plain, but no. 
 th<iu(^ht wortli a regular Plantation, \et tiiere 
 arc Icveral Families of Fnf^lijhvw it, who live al 
 mod like ltidi.iris, under no Government, aiii^ 
 without any Lrade,, upon the ProdutV of the 
 Laud. 
 
 .s'. Af.:iiiii lies a little to the Southward of y^/K- 
 ;;«;/.(, 7 1 eaglics long, and 4 broild, famous foi 
 Its great Salt- Pits, and pollels'd by the l->e»il- 
 and Diitih iomtlv, its principal Commodity be 
 fides Salt being Tabacto, which is here ver\, 
 good. 
 
 Sihi isto the South Will, between tlie laft and 
 .S".(«f./ (-V«c, a plealaiit Spot, and inhabited b\ 
 li'ine few Oiiiih humlies, lent tliither Iroin tlieir 
 C'olonv at >. l-.uliMc. 
 
 y B.irthi/lnuiiut, Pall ot Sit'.', bears abundame 
 of good Trees, is lull ot variety of Birds, ami 
 h.ii ver\ giKKl Stone tor making ot Lime, wliii.!i 
 the he/nh who inhabit it, tend to all the other 
 lllands. 
 
 y. £«//./«, Weft of tlic laft, in 17 Degrees, 40 
 Minutes Latitude, and not above 5 1 caiques 111 
 Compafs being one entire Mountain riling in 
 the middle of the Sea, like a Sugar- L.oaf. Vet 
 tlie Dutch luv.e there a Colony of about lOco 
 Men well provided. Only the top of the Moun- 
 tain is wooded, all the rell being improved, and 
 yielding abund.mce ol Tabacco. l lierc are no 
 Springs in it, btit every Ho'.ife has a large Ci- 
 Itwn topreferve Rain-water. 
 
 S. Chtifiopha-.!^ in 17 Degrees, 25 Minutes 1 .i- 
 titude, is about 25 Leagues in Compafs, divided 
 into four Qiiarters, or Cantons, two belonging 
 to the ynr.c..'. and two to the t'ngli//), the lor- 
 mer Iwving the plainer and better Lands, and 
 better Forts, but the l.itter are more numerous. 
 The Irciah Ports aie four, mounted wuhg.).id 
 Cannon, crpecially tow.irdsthe Sea •, the h.n^Ljh 
 have but two. Ihere is Icarce any crolling the 
 high Mountains wiiich divide this llland, but the 
 Coinmuuicatioii is by Sea. The t'icmh have ailo 
 here a good Town, inhabited by Merchants and 
 Handicrafts. TheHoufes arc ol Timber, on a 
 Stone Foundation, and th^ C:pncM.< ^ jcfuits, 
 and C.irmtlita have Moiialleries \, there b alii> 
 an Hofpital, and theOoveriiour hasa very [late- 
 ly Hoiiie. The /•wf;////' have feveral good Hoales, 
 and live Churches. The chief Gjmmodity ot 
 tlie llland is Sugar. 
 
 Nici/cs, or a' wec.ill it AVW-t, in 17 Degrees 
 19 Minutes Latitude, only 6 Le.igues m Coiu- 
 pats, and in the mitlti of it a high Mountain 
 wooded to the top. All the Houles of t!ie inha- 
 bitants, being about ;ooo i:«^////>, are round the 
 Mountaiu, which is well vvater'd down to the 
 Sea lide. They drive a couliderable Trade or 
 Sugar, (linger, and Tabacco, h.ive 3 Clairclie» 
 meanly built, and a gooil Fort to lecure the l.a-.id- 
 iiig-place, and V\ are-iioul'es. 
 
 Redmd.i, io call'd becaute round, isveryfm.ill, 
 and no: inhabited. 
 
 lives III a 
 tlieiither 
 very ^.hk 
 in„ih^ w 
 have ciei'i 
 conliderah 
 theotlitir 
 
 Ill the l;ni 
 llie LaiK 
 
 Lts S.I) . 
 Illaiul of 1 
 of C:i:k1.iI 
 \o laird 
 (idt, wj, 
 
 Of thv.n 
 
 1I 
 
Islands, 
 
 279 
 
 the l»i - 
 Ills, and 
 
 h:,J:lh 
 
 •lUiig the 
 
 but the 
 
 bA\i ailo 
 
 lauii ar.d 
 
 oi\ ,1 
 
 jeimti , 
 
 !.-. ill Ik 
 
 ry iLitc- 
 
 l-lo.\iiS 
 
 nodity >ii 
 
 crylinill, 
 
 B.itb.ui.i, or as tlie E)i!<JiJ?j call it, P,iibiiiii, is 
 in 17 Dfurci'";, 50 Minutes latitude, and 5 
 IxMjiucs round. Tlic luinli/h pofRfs'd thcnilelves 
 of it lon^ ai;o, and were forc'd to abaiidiin it 
 by tlie tiiiitniual Perleiution-i of the C.ir.ilies 
 from otlur lllands \, however tliey fettled there 
 attain, and are n.)\v (Iroiir.er than ever, dealing 
 iiuuh ni Catteland Corn, whicli tliey have plen- 
 ty of Trade l<'r i*) the other lllands. 
 
 yitiic^ii, as we tall it, properly Sinta M.iii.t 
 l.i j-lnti);ii,i, in 16 Dej^rces, 40 Minutes Latitude, 
 about 6 Icap.ues loim, but not fo broad. It was 
 once thoutjht not habitable, for want of fielli 
 Water, but the /w^/<//, who arc MaAers of it, 
 have dry Wells, ar.d made Cillerns for Kain- 
 watir, which lupply thcin, and it is now well 
 Inh.ihitfd. Its Capital Town, call'd 5. jfo/j«/,has 
 about ICO llouli!., t''e People are very well to 
 pafs, haviiu; a (^'lod Trade with tlie other I- 
 llands, and very threat plenty of Fowl and Cat- 
 tel. 
 
 Mc'ijo.tte, in tlie faine latitude, to tlic Weft- 
 ward of tlie lail, in l-ij;are Oval, and about 1, 
 Leai;ues in lentjth. Here is mucli Mountain, co- 
 vcr'd witli Cedars, and other beautiful Trees, 
 but tlie N'alleys are verv fruitful, being well 
 water d. .Ml the I'rodnd is like the other I- 
 llands. The itiyjilh have been po'Fefs'd of it ina- 
 iiy Year'i, and are i;rown numerous, the inofl re- 
 niarkahk' thmj; 111 it beiiij;a handlbine Churt!),tht 
 I'ulpit, l\-ws, and Waiiiilotinti wliereof is neat, 
 and all of fweet-fcented Wood. 
 
 O'li.ul.Jupc is the largeft, and one of the fineft 
 lllands the i'lcwh \tvi{'d], in that Part, being a- 
 boiitOo ieaiiuesni Coiiipali, in 16 Degrees La- 
 titinle, and IS eui in two from North to Soutli 
 by a little Channel, only capable of carrying 
 Canooes. The ILailern I'art is calld C.ibes Jem, 
 and the Wellei n Ji.iljc Tore. There are feveral 
 Hills in it, and particularly about the middle is 
 a high .Mountain, partly craggy Rocks, and 
 partly cover'd with [lately Trees. At the foot 
 of tliele Mountains are many large N'ales, wa- 
 ter'd by feveral Rivcr'^ and Brooks, as allbfomc 
 hot Waters, LMiud tor curing feveral Dillemncrs 
 proceeding lioni Cold. Several parts of tliele 
 I'laiiisart Plow'd, u hull is not ulual in the other 
 lllands, and tliey produce Rice, IhiUmi Wheat, 
 .1/.»;<^.i;i.j Root to make their Cj/Tiy* liread, Pa- 
 taias, (jiugfr, and Sugar, as well as any Coun- 
 try Hi t!ie World. 
 
 In ih.it Part cali'd I},i[fi-T{rte there is a gixid 
 Tvjvvn, coiifilliiig of Rveral Streets, tlie Houles 
 well built, and two Stories high y be fides a Pa- 
 Villi-(.liurcli, and MoiialUnts ^A jejmts and Cir- 
 if.iiitn, and large Warehoules. Thedovernour 
 lives in a lliu.ue C.ilile witliout the Town. In 
 the other I'ait, cali'd ('</'< j7i"<'i there is alfo a 
 very g.x.d loit tor the I'ecuruy of it. The 
 licah, who are polTclr'd of this large llland, 
 iiave ere^ed feveral Sugar works, and drive a 
 coiiliderable Ir.Kie witli tiiat Commodity, and 
 the otiitrs aboveuieutiori'd. 
 
 JJilJi.i,Li lies to the l-'.alhvard of Gu.iJ.iIiipe, 
 ill the laine 1 aiitiide, and but 10 l.c.iguesfrom it. 
 1 he Laikl is axid enough, but not inhabited as 
 yet. 
 
 L'Ts^.itto!, and I.as Aie.-y or tile Saints and 
 Illaiul of Inrds ', they are limr in number, South 
 of 0:i:iJ.il!'pc , the other W ell from them, and 
 io lall'd liom the multitude of Birds in it, be- 
 tides \\hi(h they h.>ve iiotliiiisi remarkable, none 
 of tlieia I);'.!!;- iiiliabited. 
 
 Af.iriptUitme is In ij Deg^recs, 40 Minutes Lati' 
 tude, plain and woody? mliabited by the French, 
 who have made their Settlements there laterihaii 
 in other lllands. 
 
 Diiminict, in I J Degrees, %o Minutes lati' 
 tude, I? leagues in length, and near as much 
 over in the broadcft Place. In the midft of it 
 feveral high Mountains enclofe au inaccelliblc 
 liiottom, where from the tops of certain Rix:ks 
 may befeenan infinite multitude of Reptiles of 
 a prodigious Length and Bulk. This Ifland has 
 never been pollefs'd by any I Mnteims, but con- 
 tinues Hill in the Dominion of the Native CW«'- 
 hih, who .ire at Peace with the French, but hate 
 the Liiilijh, and do them all the Mifchief they 
 are able. Thole who have feen it, (Iiy it is one 
 of the heft of ilie C.iribbe lllands, for its fruit- 
 ful \'.i o, and lar)je Plains, water'd by abun- 
 daiueol excellent Springs. And this i'. thelaft 
 of tliofc the Sp.miJiils call the Wiadward 1- 
 llands. 
 
 Mirtiiiko, as we call it, <)r Madanina accord- 
 in c, to the hidiiDis, isthefirllto the Northward 
 of thofe the SpMiiards call the Leeward Jflands, 
 fcatcd in 14 Degrees, jo Mil atcs of North La- 
 titude, 10 leagues long, and iibout aj in com- 
 pafs, now one of the inoft noted, ami beft Peo- 
 plecl of all the Carihh Idaiids. It has more 
 Mountains than any ol the other lllands. which 
 are all not habitable, being full of wild Hearts, 
 and Serpents, and cover'd with ftately Trees. 
 Hut there are abundance of Flats on Hills, and the 
 fides of tliein all habitable, and good Land, tho' 
 hard to cultivate, by realon of their extraordi- 
 nary ilecpnels. The Tabacco that grows on the 
 Lminences is much better than that in the Plains-.' 
 Here are faid to be above lODOO French Inliabi- 
 iants, betides Jndimis and Slaves, who arc no 
 lefs numerous. The French have very much for • 
 tilled this Place,aiid it is now oncof the ftrong- 
 ell they have in the Wefl-Irtdies. 
 
 S. Lucy lies South of thelaft, in 13 Degrees, 40 
 Minutes Latitude. Tlierc are in it two very 
 high and fteep Mountains, and at the foot of 
 them pleafant Valleys, fliaded with Trees, and 
 water'd with many Springs, where the Benih 
 have fome Settlements. 
 
 li.vb.idoe.!, or according to the Spaniards, Bar 
 bihUs, is between 13 and 14 Degrees of North 
 Latitude, about 25 Miles in Length, and 12 in 
 Breadth, and lies more to the Eaftward than 
 any of the Caribbe lllands, the Land generally 
 Plain, or with only (bme eafie Afcents, which 
 a(Tord a plealant Profpert, being always jjrecn. 
 The Capital of it is cali'd Bndge-Town , leated 
 on Cuiljlc Bay, 111 the South-caft Part of the 
 llland, on a low, boggy Ground, and confequent- 
 ly unhealthy , yet the beft in all the £«g//y® 1- 
 llands, as containing 1200 Houfes all of Stone, 
 and lofty, and the Streets fpacious. The Wharfs 
 and Keys are handfomeand convenient, and the 
 Forts Itrong, being two, cali'd James , and 
 ]Vdloughb)'i> Forts, befides Ncedham-> at a di- 
 llance, and three Batteries along the Bay betwixt 
 them. Above this lall the new Citadel is now 
 building. Here is one large Church, and many 
 Taverns and EatingHoules. The Bay is capable 
 of 500 Sliips. Other Towns there are none of 
 Note, but the llland is divided into eleven Parilh- 
 cs. Here are only two that can be cali'd Ri- 
 vers, which are i'. ltojcfh\ and Scotland River, 
 the reft arc all inconiiderable Brooks. The prin- 
 Q. q ci i cipaV 
 
 ',:!=!i.- 
 
 ■ik 
 
 '«T! 
 
 !-• r 
 
 I 
 
 m 
 m 
 
 
 f 
 
 IT- ;l 
 
 
 m 
 
 I 
 
 M 
 
 V I 
 
 
i8o 
 
 AMERICAN IS LJ N DS. 
 
 ■fe 
 
 rip.il Ci>ipiri'i(!itv of (!'e Ifimid i< well known 
 ti) bi Sm;ar, 1^' I'lclis wliirh it piofl'ices Indigo, 
 Cotton, and Glnp,*;!'. The Inli.ilnt.ints at (ivc- 
 ftiit are ron'piitid at zs^co linnlijh^ Men, \\\>- 
 niv"n wA r.liiMrrn, ami alnnit 6cooo Slaves. 
 
 \ finccm is VV'cl\ from Kirbaduet, foincwhat 
 ^oiitlitTly, alioiit 8 I oa^iK's lonn, and 6 in 
 hreadtli, with cj.xid \',il!i'vs under the Moun- 
 tain?, whcvi" the Native L'.inw.ili live pleafant- 
 Iv, and imdifturli'd by any f //'';/;!•./« Nation, 
 
 B.ili:t, in iz lVi;rces, 2% Miniiros latitude, 
 is but 10 or II 1 c,i;;nes in (^ompaCs, and has a 
 f!;o(!d Harlour, hut is not iuliahited, nor re- 
 (ortcd t-> fo'- want of frclh Water. 
 
 Cr.iv.iii.t, in 12 Decrees, i6 Minutes I atitude, 
 7 I e.if.ues lotiK, the Hreadilt varvmi', u^iicli. 1 h'i 
 hei/rh are in I'ofTellion of it, and drive a good 
 Trade with Su^jar, Ginger, and excellent Fa 
 baico. 
 
 Toh.t!,'' lies nlmoft as far to the Faftward as 
 Bivh.id.ei^ inn Dei;rees, 16 Minutes latitude, 
 isab<>nt?ri Iraaiusin Coinpalsjand bytlic I'>:tiilj, 
 wlo polfelVd ii, iicalld Ntn-lVikhrr. It has 
 no liir,h Mount nils, lnu f. iik' pKalaiit li'.lls, de- 
 lii'.htful \'a1levs, andfruttlnl l'lains,lhadid with 
 Cedars, ai'd utlicr valualile Trees of a prodii',i- 
 oiis Ikiiihrit. Thi' land pn'diucs all t!iini;i 
 proper to tlion." Iiot Ccnntrics witltout any i',reat 
 lahoiir:, as llite. Millet, K'al".', Heans, Maitdi- 
 orra-Root, t"f. hctng molt pIcntifuHv water'd 
 witli curious Kivcr-, Hrooks, and Spriii;;,s. 1 he 
 Vi.ith, will) have tlie Dominion of tliis Iliand. 
 have, for their own Suiiritv, built on it ^ !;ood 
 Forts, and tbe i'lanters beinn I'.rown very nii- 
 hieroiis, have now a vtry confiderabL' Trade of 
 Tabacco, Ginger, Cotton, Iiidi}'.", andSi'sar. 
 
 / ( JyhtUiul, or tile Trinity. The ^p.tiiinds 
 reckon tliis and tlie others we arc here tolpeak 
 of, nnoiii; the leeward lllind-, and theretorc. 
 .N has been before oblerv'd, tiiey are here plac'cl 
 with the others, tlio' they feem more pa/ticu- 
 l.irly to beloiij; to South Amcnt i. it is much 
 lari;er than any of ilie otiiers, feared between 
 lo and ir Degrees 1 atitude, divided from the 
 Continent, or CoalV of /.''(.;, by a S'y( ,i[ht , 
 wliich Coltiiil'i!.!^ the firft Dilroverer, call'd Krv.t 
 dd Dr. Ilia, or the Draf;on's Month, and is about 
 2^ I ea<;ues in length from Fall to Welt, and 
 25 in breadth fro:n North to Si'Uth. The >>./- 
 fii.tcls fav it is neither Iiealtliy nor fruitfii! , 
 tlio' Sir \]\i!i'.r R.iKleiih contradii'^s them, yet 
 tiicvo'ajihr tokn..w bell, who fettkd it, andliave 
 tiere a finall Town thev call >. "Jihi'-h winch 
 is as much as need be faid ot it, as bemji never 
 famous for Trade, or any t!n.n:;romiiieiKlahle. 
 
 Miirj'/iril.i lies to tlie VVelhvard of the Vri- 
 »/.')', cm tlie lame (Joaft, in 1 1 Det',ree5 1 atitude, 
 beiii;:» about 1 5 LcHioies lopij, and 6 in breadth, 
 
 Earted from the Cuiitment of Sou'ii yJmrricii 
 V a Channel about 7 l.eat^ues wide. It is ve- 
 ry difliiute of fnlli \\'ater, and yet fruitful, 
 "Aoody, and lull of Failure. The .*>>(»/j.»7/.i here 
 have two I'm, ill Towns, the onei.n iheSeaCoall, 
 witli a faille, the other two Leagues np the 
 I and. I his I'lace waj formerly famous for the 
 Pearl-Filhcry, which was the occallon (if buiUi- 
 ing the af irefiid lort, but at prefent tluit lilhe- 
 ry has ceas'd. The Natives receiv'd the 5;;,;///- 
 .1 .-if friendly, and '.vere treated accorchniil y , 
 lij that ihe.y are llill numerous, and live aiiuea- 
 bly with the Sp.mi.irAs. 
 Qsb.i^iit and C-.cIa arc two very fmall Illands 
 
 between Ma.^vit t and the Continrnt. Theif 
 were in eftcem \\h\\\} the IVarl lilhery luted, 
 but (iiiitc nci'.Uiffed finrc that ceas'd, 
 
 B!i>;t.i, T'.iiw, Orihaii, R0C1, and jlvrs lie 
 ;;lmi)ft in a Row, ftiU to the Weftward on the 
 fame Coall, and have ninhin^; in them worth 
 taking notice of! 
 
 B:!it'-/i\)t is llill Weft, in about 12 Dej',rfc< 
 I atitude, about 16 l.eaJues in Compils. Tlic 
 Hanks are In deep that the Sliip; mull mike 
 fall to Tree-, or carry their Anchors all oar. 
 It i> full of Cow-, Sheep, Horfes, Swine, .md 
 Goats, which have muUiply'd there Inice the Sp.i- 
 niirtls put tliein in, who live there, th.j' very 
 few In number, amon,", the Natives, they bein^; 
 allChriflians. The only tiling it yields to carry 
 abroad is 1 oi'.wood. 
 
 Qirar^.io is' to thv' WMl of tlielifl, about to 
 I eai;iies in length, thebrc.idth vario.i-. On the 
 North-call lide of it is alari'e Kiy, b:n itlusm* 
 t;ood .\nc!i,>niu.i for lai.'.e Slnpj. it aliniiiids in 
 ('attel, and iias uuuli I .i^w xkI, bit the Dutch, 
 wlio liave made thei'il'elves Mailers of it, now 
 plant labacco, and h.ive Sii!;ir works 01 It, 
 
 //'«/'./ is the lall of thel'e illands, liill to tliO 
 Well ward, al'ont 5 Leagues in Compafs , inlu 
 bited by a few >'pi:i'unds and Natives, which is 
 as much as need- be laid of it. 
 
 All the Illands on the Coall of A'fTT'-5'/)i»(», fet 
 down in tlie Table, arc fo fmall and iiuoiifider.i- 
 bic, that 110 Author has any mure tlian their bare 
 Names, wliich lliall alio fuffice ns, there bein:t 
 notliint; in t!te;u that can rciiuire .1 particulac 
 mention. 
 
 California, or New-Albion, 
 
 Is in tlie South Se.i, on the liark of NcvAfc' 
 x.ia, and it was loiij; dubious whether a I'enin- 
 fiil.i or an lllcid, but at lall the .S'/j w/ /iv/j fail'cl 
 i|ui e round, and made a Map of it, which llievvs 
 it to extend from 24 to 36 IX't;rees of North 
 { iititnde, lyin-j Nurtii well and South eall, bc- 
 ini; above <ioo r,eai;ucs in leni^th, the breadtlinear 
 T50 I.eavHs, 11140 Decrees Latitude, but fomc- 
 what to the Soiithward it grows narrower, and 
 continues tapering olf all the way to the end. 
 Tlie Streight which parts it from the Continent 
 is ail ailing 30, 40, or 50 I cagues over, and e- 
 veii more in many l^lares, hut every where Ihcxd, 
 and many Unall Icatteriiig illands in it, which 
 renders the I'afTag'j very dangerous, and toge- 
 ther with the vehement Cold of tlie Northern 
 I'art hindei'd the fu'.l Difcovery of it for many 
 Years-, for the Dilcoverers have found it colder 
 in 50 Degrees of North Latitude in Americt 
 tlian in fto in Europe, and li) nroportionably. Ail 
 tlie Iliand i- inhalnted by abundance of Indi^v: 
 Nations, wlio either go naked, or at bell ule 
 only l()me fmall covering of Mats, or Skins. Their 
 way of Living and Superllitions much the fame, 
 .Is lias been laid, of oilier Northern yi«.c>/(J'/.f, 
 belidcs tl'at, to lay the Truth, the Inland of it 
 has never I'een dilcover'd , nor have any made 
 lo loii^ a llay upon the Coulls as to know much 
 of it. To this l)ay the Sp.itn.pds have made no 
 Comiuells ill it that we have heiud of, tl.o' on 
 the Continent they liave liibdued as high a» the 
 iiiult Northern I'art of Cilifani,./'.. This make.- 
 it evident that the iliand is not-' worth then- 
 trouble, tho" lo large, for liad itb^'en, they wIm 
 have mil up to ab.jvc 4> Degrees Latitude on the 
 
 . C"oiUincii*- 
 
 n 
 
 r s- 
 
 So t'TJ 
 
 A 
 
 ing, IS II 
 and com 
 
 Sp.r.-H , fo 
 
 a vail E 
 Toy of . 
 Mowcver 
 
I 
 
 TERRA FIRMA 
 
 281 
 
 rontincnt wou'd t-rver have tf>tallv neglcfted 
 that wliidi i* ('■ '.ic.ir, and rear hes ctcii witliin 
 the Tiopick i>f Cwcer. It is t<v) remote from 
 any otiier Natioti, and that diltancc has been 
 its t;reati'l\ I'roteftion, for except the 5p.iM/(ir<^/, 
 no other t'ltrnpcw Heonl.' can come at them, but 
 that immenl'e way "f tiie Strtit;hts of Aftgell.tn^ 
 or the Fretuh^ crolling all the Continent at C<- 
 
 nitdii, the breadth \v1icrc if is vet unknown , 
 notwithftandinR the blind GuelTes and Conje- 
 fturr of F. Hennepin, which no Man who undcr- 
 ftandi anv thinj; of Geography can think reafon- 
 ablc. This is as much as need be laid of CjU- 
 fnniiit till better known, and for the fmall liland* 
 about It, the Name of them may I'uifice, there 
 bcinii nothing in them remarkable. 
 
 I I'enii;- 
 ./ifail'd 
 
 \\ llievvs 
 North 
 
 all, be- 
 dUi near 
 Hit fomc- 
 
 er, and 
 the end. 
 
 mtincnt 
 , and e- 
 re llioiil, 
 wliich 
 
 d to.-'.e- 
 Northein 
 
 )r many 
 ii cokler 
 
 Ainciicl 
 ibly. Ml 
 of Indi^iK 
 
 bert ul'e 
 Ills. Tlii-'ii' 
 
 the i.KWiCy 
 
 n:erii..vi!, 
 md of It 
 ny made 
 )()\v much 
 
 made no 
 
 , tl.o' (111 
 
 i^h a» the 
 Ills inakc> 
 rth then 
 ihey wl;.' 
 detmtlie 
 :oiUuicn'. 
 
 CHAP. Xll. 
 
 Of South AMERICA, andfirftof TIERRA FIRME; 
 or the MAIN-LAND, fiibicdt to SPAIN. 
 
 Terra Fir ma. 
 
 As all tlie North America, as far as fub- 
 \c(\ to the Sp.wi.irds , being much the 
 greater Part of what is worth Conquer- 
 iiu;, is iiibordinatc to tlic \'iceroy of Mexico, 
 and comprehended under the Title of Ncw- 
 Sp.K>i , fo is all the South America, tho' of fuch 
 a vail Extent, under the direftionof the Vice- 
 roy of Peru, and often call'd by that Name. 
 However, this, as well as the North America, 
 
 is divided into feverfll Regions and Governments; 
 and thofe again fubdivided into Provinces, of 
 all which we are now to treat, as has been done 
 of the others, they being all to he fcen at one 
 View m tlie general Table of America, and now 
 we come to defcribc them in particular. 
 
 The firft entire Region , or Portion of this 
 Southern Continent, is by one univerfal Name 
 call'd Titrra Firmt, or the Main-Land, not but 
 
 that 
 
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iSi 
 
 TERRA FIRMA 
 
 that .ill the others are alfo upon the Continent ;, 
 but this Name was given to this Part, be- 
 caijreit was thefirft found out after the lilands, 
 and therefore call'd Main-Land^ to diftinguiih 
 It from them-, \et as Difcoveries encreas'd, eve- 
 ry Country had its diftinftivc Denomination, 
 
 and this ftill retain'd the firft, which peculiarly 
 adher'd to the j'rovince of P.inamii, and more 
 generally to the reft here mention'd under this 
 Head , which may be feen at once under the 
 following Table. 
 
 Tierra Fir»,e or the CP'""'""'- 
 lierrit t-irme, or tne p^^^^ ^ ^ 
 
 f'^iM^r'^"]'"' Nombrede Dies. 
 ly call d the //.j;«-^' ^7... 
 
 Lund, or of Pana- 
 
 ma, or Cliff ilia del 
 
 Oro. 
 
 Natii. 
 j4cla. 
 Citret.t. 
 JJoyia^-e. 
 
 fCartiigena. 
 I l^i/la de Mm id, 
 \ Mopox. 
 Cartagena, "i Ccm. 
 
 I 5. Sebajiiitn de biitua 
 
 'fS.inta M.irt.i. 
 
 Los Reyes, 
 J Ocii/in. 
 Santa Marta. "^ ra>nalameqne. 
 I Tetierife. 
 \La Ritiiuid.t. 
 
 rRio de la H.nli.t. 
 Rio de la Hacha. ^ La Ratichcri.i. 
 \_Coqmbocoa. 
 
 fye/ie:.iielii, Coro. 
 
 INitcflraSeiiora de Cir- 
 Viillcdo. 
 Santiago de Leon 
 INiteva l^alcncia. 
 Nneva Xc>c:<, 
 Veneiuela. «^ Nucva Segovia. 
 Tiiaiyo. 
 Tritxillo, 
 
 Portilla de Carora. 
 Lagiina, 
 Maracapann. 
 JJomanagoffa. 
 
 Paria, or Nueva An- 
 daluzia. 
 
 Tlie New Kingdom^ 
 ol danada. 
 
 Popayan. 
 
 •Santiago Fort: 
 ^Ciimatia, Niteva Cor- 
 dova. 
 I Morequito. 
 Acavacun. 
 ' Sami Tome. 
 
 \ Santa Fe de Bogota , 
 
 Sa/i Aiiiuel. 
 
 Tocayma, 
 
 La Trinidad. 
 
 Pdma. 
 
 Tii'/ia. 
 
 Pamplona. 
 
 Merida. 
 '< S. Lbr/iuval. 
 
 Felex,. 
 
 Afarcquita: 
 
 Tbagiia. 
 
 f-'^itorta. 
 
 S.J HUH de til! Llano:. 
 
 Cacetes. 
 {J'lajencia. 
 
 fPopay.M. 
 
 J Santa Fe de Aiitiochia, 
 
 C.iranianta. 
 
 Arma. 
 
 •■Jm.crma. 
 
 Cartaoo. 
 
 Cali. ' 
 J S. Sebafiian de la Plata. 
 
 Buenaventura. 
 
 Timanc. 
 
 Pajln. 
 
 Madrigal. 
 
 Almaguer. 
 
 A^reda. 
 
 (liuidalajara de Bitga. 
 L5. Juan de TruxiUo. 
 
 
 SI 
 
 Tierra Firme, or the Province peculiarly call'd 
 the Main-Land, or Province of Panama, and 
 Cadilla del Oro. 
 
 ^A'hicIl laft Name is now quite out of u(e, 
 and cannot be properly apply'd to this Province, 
 heciufe under that Name there was a much great- 
 er extent of land, which in fome old Maps is 
 (till ui.ide much more than it was ^ but being to 
 ipcak of tliiiii'jS as tlify now arc, it is nccdlcfs 
 to enter upon a farthi;r DiHiuifition of th.it Mat- 
 ter. The Name it now j'.enerally gocsby, is ci- 
 ther Tierra Ftrnte, the Main-l.and, or the Pro- 
 viiac of Pan.inui, from its Capital City. 
 
 X\w Extent of it is not conl'iderable, the So- 
 vereii;n Court cftablilh'd at Panama being only 
 intended to dilpatch the Heets, and decide all 
 Controverfies among thole toncern'd in Trade. 
 T!ius i!ie greateft length of it from the 1-roiitiers 
 dl (.'aril. ana I and l'vp.iya>i.,u> tho'it^ oi yeragna, 
 is about go Leagues, and tlie greareft breadtli 
 fijin Sea to Sea, 60, but where kalt, only ib', 
 
 which is between Porto Belo and Panama, and 
 that in a ftrait Line is not above 7 or 8 Leagues, 
 ixsAcofta makes out, but the great Hills ana 
 Windings make it Co long. 
 
 Moll of the Land is uncouth and Mountain- 
 ous, with abundance of Bogs, and coniequentlv 
 barren, producing little beiides Jmiian Wlieat, 
 and but a linall quantity of that, yet h.is good 
 grazing tor Cattel, and particularly Qiws.'Tlie 
 Air is generally thick, full of Vapours, liotaiid 
 moift, aud therefore very unwholelbme from /I/.-/1. 
 till A'even.bcr ; however, the Trees are conti- 
 nually green, and cover'cl with Leaves, but af 
 ford little liuit. The Sea and Rivers atfjrd 
 great plenty of lilh, but the latter arc very full 
 of Alligators •, and as for bealls , iiere are all 
 forts, but efpecially multitudes of wild Cat<, 
 and of a fiiiall I, it of Creatures., which have a 
 lortof a B.ig under their lielli'.-, wherein th.y 
 carry llieir young ones, and at Night get into 
 Houles and Yards, and dcllroy the i'oultry. 
 
 Tliis Province is form'd of t!ie f iinous Ijibmiif 
 wliiih joins tlie Nortli and boiiih An.iriia, and 
 
 acrofi 
 

 TERKA FIRM A. 
 
 i%% 
 
 aliarly 
 J im>re 
 Icr this 
 ier tlic 
 
 lit Cor- 
 
 t,i. 
 
 U-mo!. 
 
 ntioC'Ji.i- 
 
 la Plata. 
 
 • Buga. 
 ruxillo. 
 
 ti7/tni:t, and 
 8 Leagues, 
 Hills anu 
 
 Mountair.- 
 jnlequciitlv 
 Ml \/Vlicat, 
 has i!,ooci 
 O-Avs. The 
 rs, liotancl 
 e troin M:iv 
 arc Conn- 
 ies, but at" 
 vers affijfd 
 re very full 
 K're are all 
 wikl Cats, 
 uch have a 
 herein th-'V 
 It ^;et int.» 
 ouUry. 
 ous Jjit"':''f 
 lAiiiii, and 
 acrols 
 
 arrofs which alt the Trade hetween Peyn and 
 Sptiifi is manar/d , the diftance roinid by Sea 
 lK'iii<; too threat, and the Danger, cither througli 
 the Strei^iits of Atigellitu, or farther to the 
 Southward too (;reat. The Refort of the Spa- 
 nijh Slnps was firfl: to Nomhre de Dios, after- 
 wards to Poito Jiclo, as the fafer and more con- 
 venient Harbour, there the Cotr.m<^dities are all 
 1 anded, and carried over tliat Neck of Land of 
 i8 leagues, as hasheenfaid, io Pantnui, where 
 they areai',ain ShippVj for Peri', and all theCoafVs 
 of the Simth Se.i. in like manner the I^lateano 
 other Goods of Peru are traniported by Ship 
 to P.i>i.i>ti.\ and tiicnce coiivey'd by land-Car- 
 riage to Pbrto liiio, wliere they are imhark'd 
 on hoard the Sp.mijh Ships. 
 
 TheCityot P.w.vihi, Capital of the Province, 
 is feaied on the Coali of the South Sea, i8 
 I, (.agues, ;is has been laid, from Nowbrcde Dios, 
 its opp'ifite on the North Sea. It takes up but a 
 Imall Loirpals, liL'canle hemm'd in on the one 
 fide by a ivhu Ih, wh«le foul Exhalations render 
 it very unwhuleiiime ■, befides that it flands 
 due Eaft and Well, fo that as foon as the Sun 
 is up, there is no heinp^ in any of the Streets 
 for want ot Shade, and the Heat is fo violent, 
 that it kills any Man iIkii goes about much in tlie 
 Sun. It might hav^' bee'n built in healthy Pla- 
 ces, halt a l.ea;;ue from the Sea, but the Mi- 
 ilakebemi?, once committed, building is fo charge- 
 able there, that they caic not to remove, be- 
 fides that, it is only inhabited by Merchants, 
 who get b'.llates in a few Years, and are gone. 
 Tiio' the Coitntrv about it is barren, the City is 
 plentifully provided witli all things by Sea. 
 Pacr Arias dc Ai, Li, thefirlV Governour of th-> 
 Country for rlio Emperoiir Charles the Fifth, 
 was the Founder, and it ftands in near 8 De- 
 j'rees of North 1 atitude. It has a good Port, 
 where the Ships remain dry at the Ebb, as dogs 
 all the Coall for half a_ league. This is 
 the Account of Cr?.,-/ in his tirft Part of the Chro- 
 nicle of Perii^ who Ipeaks not by hearfay, but 
 as an Eyewitnels. 
 
 Nn/i.brc dc Di).i \v.is built by James de Ni- 
 ciieljt, on tlie North Sea, where, for fome time, 
 it Ii.id all the Trade of Sp:ii>i, and Peru, but 
 being found to he extremely unhealthy , the 
 
 Wiird, and rhence up thst River, when it has 
 Water enough to a Place call'd f'oita dc las 
 Crvics, whence there are but 5 1 c.igues more 
 by I. and to Panai?:a. 
 
 N.'ta is fcated 30 Leagites VV'efl from Pant- 
 fra, on the South Sea, Founded by the Governour 
 Peter Alias's Order, but this is no confidera- 
 ble Place of Trade, and confequcntly of little 
 Note. The li.me may be faid of Ada, another 
 inconfiderable Place of Trade, founded alfo by 
 Peter Arias, abovemention'd, on the North Sea, 
 at the Mouth of the Gulph of ZJraba, now gone 
 to ruin. Careta and Coinagre are alfo upon the 
 North Sea, inhabited only b^ Natives, and for- 
 merly the Heads of two Tribes of them, which 
 had each its Cacique, or Petty King. 
 
 The chief River here is that abovemention'd, 
 by the Natives call'd Chagre,AV\A by the Spaniards 
 fometimes Rio de Lagartos , that is, the River of 
 AlHgators, up which, as has been faid, the Goods 
 are (binetiines carry 'd towards Panama, that 
 is, chiefly in Winter, when it has Water enough, 
 for in Summer it has very little. This is on the 
 North Sea, and on the South that of Chapo, near 
 wliofc Springs formerly much Gold was found. 
 Weft ward from Panama, is that call'd dc las Bal- 
 fa.', on whofe Banks there grows plenty of good 
 Timber for building of Ships. At certain times 
 this River fwells 16 high, that it overflows all 
 the Country about. 
 
 CuliimbiiswM the firft thatdifcover'd this Coun- 
 try, that is, the Coaft along the North Sea, and 
 gave the Names to Porto Bdo, and Nomhre dc 
 Dios. After him feveral attempted to make Set- 
 tlements in thole Parts, and when they had fu- 
 ftain'd great Lofles, and fuffer'd the greateft 
 hardlliips imaginable, at length Fafco Nunez, de 
 Balboa commanding, got intelligence from the 
 Indians of the neamels of the South Sea, and 
 travelling over the Ifihrms, open'd the way to 
 it. Peter ArtusAhe fucceedaig Governour, found- 
 ed, as was faid above, Panama, and Ships were 
 then built on the South Sea to difcover along 
 thofe Coafls. 
 
 The Spaniards being pofTefs'd of thefe wealthy 
 Countries, and the Fame of the Treafure found 
 there Ipread abroad, excited the Avarice of many 
 to rob theirt of what they had purchas'd with fuch 
 Iiiiiineer Joha Ji iptijta Antonclii, by the King of unlpeakable Fatigues, The firft we find attempt- 
 Spai>:\ Order, remov'd the Station to Porta iiig upon thefe Parts was Sir Francis Drake, who 
 Relo, and la^, that when he went to view it, took Nor.bre de Dios and plunder'd it. and pro- 
 tliere were not above ?o Families, and (incc it ceeded tlience to Porto Belo , wlierc he did the 
 has decreas'd , as not being relorted to, lo fame and dy'd, as we read iiijiis Expeditions ^ 
 
 that ir is onlv inhabited by a few Indians and 
 Blacks. 
 
 Porto Belo, is the Place the Fleets now refort 
 to, as being more healthy, and convenient for 
 loading and unloading of the Ships, and their 
 fecurity aganifl the VVeather, and Enemies, ha- 
 ving two 1 ort>, one on each fide the entrance 
 of "^the Harbour. It is 5 leagues Well fr<^in 
 Nombrc de Dios, the Harbour deep, and capable 
 of many Shipsj all a good Sand, without Rocks 
 or Flats, witli 12 Rwers and Brooks hilling in- 
 to it, which make ealie watering for Ships at 
 all limes. About it there is Plenty of excel- 
 lent Timber (or building of Snips, and Stones 
 for liallaft. There are two ways from hence to 
 Panan.a for tvanfporting ot Goods, the one all 
 by land, ot 18 Leagues, abetter Road than 
 that from Nombi e de 1 iw^ ; tlie other, 18 Leagues 
 by Sea to the Mouihol the River C>;./firf,VVeft- 
 
 but when he took Numbre dc Dios it was almofl 
 abandon'd, for its Unliealthinefs, as was faid a- 
 bove, and at Porto Hclo there were not above 8, 
 or 10 Houfes built as yet. Capt. Parker in the 
 Year 1601, again furpriz'd Porto Belo, when it 
 was in a better Condition,which he Plunder'd and 
 went otf, without doing any farther Harm, and 
 carrying away 9 or looco Ducats there was then 
 in the King's Treafury, 120000 having been fent 
 away to Cartagena before his coming. Next to 
 him Capt. Morgan, having gather'd a great Num- 
 ber of Pyrates in the Year 1669, attack'd Porto 
 Belo in the Night, and furpriiing the Sentinels, 
 who tliere lay lecure without Thoughts of an Ene- 
 my, Mafter'd the Forts, Plunder d the Town, 
 and put the Inhabitants to Ivanlom. Here they 
 ftay'd leveral Days, committing all the Outrages 
 themoft barbarous Pagans coulci be guilty of, ra- 
 vilhing the Women, miirdering the Soldiers alter 
 
 Qua :tcr 
 
 Mih 
 
 ii 
 
i84 
 
 TERRA FIRM. I 
 
 Quiiiter given, and putting the Inhabitants U> the 
 Torture to ohlige tlitm to tlifcover, wlictherthcy 
 had any hidden Treifure. The following Year 
 i6yo,Afo>f^.vi returii'd again witli a greater r.uin- 
 ber of Pv'''^tes, and running up tlie River Cfc,j;;tf, 
 made his Way to Pan.ima , which he alfo took, 
 plunder'd and burnt, committing the (iime Barba- 
 rities over again, that tliey had praftis'd tlie Yt:ar 
 before, all which may be feen as large in the 1 ii- 
 llory of Bitcaiiiers of Aine; icu. 
 
 Before we leave this Province, it i: proper to 
 obflrvc that Dniai, once a Province of it lelf is 
 now only a part of this wc here i'peak of', but 
 at prefent quite delart and abandon'd. It takes 
 Name from a River fo call'd , on which in the 
 Ye.ir 1510 the SptitjiM-iis built a Town, and call'd 
 it Niiellfd SenmrAlu Anugiitt del D.iriai, which 
 advanc'd fo far as to be erefted into a Biiliop's 
 Sec. However when tlie South Sea was difcover d, 
 Fcter AriM, the Governour, remov'd all the In- 
 habitants to Ptni.ima, by reafon of the unwliole- 
 fomnefs of the other, which had been the Death 
 of many Hundreds of Sp.miards, as both Peur 
 A/,iri]>- and Conitra inform us. This is the Place 
 (ij much talk'd im cf late Year*, on Aciomit of 
 thu Scots Settlement attempted to be made there, 
 on Pretence that the S;\tni,ird.'^ witli whom we 
 tvere then at Peacebad no Title to it, afier an 
 umiuefliou'd PoHcliion of near ;co Years. 
 
 Cartagena, 
 
 The next Province to the Eaflward, is divided 
 from that of P,i:i.i//hi, by the Gulph of Vr.iba and 
 River of D,o/<v/, which are its VVeftern Boun- 
 daries, on the North it has the North Sea i on 
 the Eall Kio G'r.irulc , or the Great River •, part- 
 ino it from the Province of .V./«f.; A/an.t, and on 
 the South is feparated by a Ridge of Mountains 
 from the Province of yti^.i^vw, according toCci,/, 
 wlH>ni I rather chcole toYollow, as onethit liv'd 
 there, than L.:ct, who makes the New Kingdom 
 o( O'i :!>;.i:l.i, its Soutliern Boundary. Its whole 
 length from Eall to \\ ell, between Rio (inwde 
 and tlie (julpli i.A'J,ab,i is about So Leagues, and 
 about the fame l^readt!) froui Nortli to South be- 
 tween tlic Ocean and P'^iiytiii. 
 
 The Country is mollly high Mountains and 
 deepN'alleys, cover'd with thick Woods, which 
 make it very Moill,and tlie nearert to the Line, 
 for it lies between 7 and 11 Degrees cjf Latitude, 
 e\treamly li<>t, and cunfequently not at all heal- 
 tliy. That excels of Moiflure is alio the Caufe 
 It doe>i not produce an\ Europeiiu Grain,or Fruit ■, 
 h'lt the Mountains are full of Aromatick Trees, 
 tiom which tlie Natives draw Odoriferous Gums 
 and Medicinal Ballam of fingular N'irtue. There 
 does not appear to be any Gold in this Country, 
 or but very little. Tlie Natives were fierce and 
 warlike, doing muth Mifchief to the SpMii.tid! 
 for a long Time with th.eir poifon'd Arrows, till 
 they liave been all either dellroy'd, or broiij^ht 
 into •^'ibjeftion. On the Mountains there are all 
 forts of V. lid Beal\s, andiiokfs \'ariety olTowl, 
 and t!ie Sea 'fields great Plenty of tilli. 
 
 r,/i,-..;;( /. , the Metropolis of this Province, Iiid 
 its Nau>e Iri-MU that iii.sp.dw, becuuleol loine Re- 
 lembhinLi there isbetwuii both their Ports ^ I: 
 is I'eated in 10 Dui^recs of Nordi Latitude, m a 
 Peuinfula, on a larae Plain , tlie Co.ill running 
 Hat an:! I.indy to the Sea. On the South fide it 
 li !•• a Morals, call'd Qi/iupote, over wliich tlicre is 
 
 a Caufway, with two Arches in it, for the Tide 
 to come in and out to tlie .Vlarlh. Tlie BuiUimj? 
 of the Town is very handforn, and ith.K ^ Prin- 
 cipal Streets, each near 600 Paces in length, witli 
 Stately Iloulisi belides a large Street running 
 athwart them all, and feveral otiier ("mailer. The 
 publickStru<fturcsare the Cathedral •, the Town- 
 lloufe, the Cuftom-l-loufe and (ome Monalleries 
 of Domiiik.ws and Fr.wclji.ins. Ihe Harbour is 
 reckon'd one of the beft m tlie World ; And is 
 the place where the Galleons lie at Anchor, and 
 receive tiieir Lading from Pono-Biio-^ and hence 
 they fail to the Hdv.vi.i in Cuba, in their Way 
 to Europe. 
 
 Sir Frii/.iis Dtakc t(K)k this City in the Year 
 1585, and after Plundering, let I- ire to it, which 
 cjiiluincl only one Part of it, the rell being ran- 
 fom'd by the inhabitants for izoooo Ducats^ 
 Iiowever the Booty w.is not confiderable, tlie In- 
 Iiabitants having before lent away all their heft 
 EiTeifts to Tain, an Inland Town. This we I:ave 
 in the Accounts iii S\v IrMci' ih:ikc\ \'oi,ai;es. 
 In 1697, Mou^Mw Ac Pointi with a Sqii.idron of 
 y-Jrw/j Ships, took this Citv, after a formal Sieije 
 and carry'd olfa very connderahle Mafs of Trea- 
 liir.;, as may be feen in the particular Relation of 
 that Expedition. 
 
 The other Towns here are yUla de Af.:n\i, 
 Maries Town ^z Leagues South from Curtjgoia, 
 built by Don Pedro de Heredi.i, in tlie Year 1534. 
 Next .S'.w^rf Ovii, de Afopox, 70 Leagues di(rai-;t 
 from C,irtai[e/ia , the VVay that is always us'd, 
 that is by Sea to the ( ireat River and t.'nii up it, 
 for it llands on the Banks of tlie Rivt,- of.S". A/.rj- 
 dakii, very conveniently for Trade, hut not heal- 
 thy, as lying among Alorad'es, built by Capt. 7't- 
 ter de fleredia, Ann. 1535. Zoiu is a Harbour,' 
 (U- large Bay 25 Leagues from Cart/if^en.i, where 
 abundance of Salt is made, which has drawn fome 
 People, who have there built an inconliderable 
 Town of the fame Name. S.Sih.ijlian de Bitenu 
 Fijlit, once an inditTercnt Place at the Bottom of 
 the Gulph of Vr.ib.if was afterwards abandon'd, 
 fo that it hasfcarce any Inhabitants at prefent. 
 7oli:, or Simriai^o dc Tola is 6 Leagues from tlie 
 Sea .South-weft from C.irtagen.i and 12 Leagues 
 dirtatit from it, becaufe there is no going alt the 
 way by Land, butaboutby Sea, and then roun.i 
 MoralTes yet is reckon'd healthy, and the Land 
 produces all forts of European Cjrain and Fruit. 
 From hence comes the precious and much fam'd 
 Balliim ofToln, reckon'd the beft of Balfams, flow- 
 ing from Trees by Incifion, when the Sun is hot- 
 ttft. It is of a ruddy gold colour, of an indilfe- 
 rcnt Confiftence, and noill Tafte, but an excel- 
 lent Smell, and it is rood for all the Ufes that 
 Balm of Oile,td was put to-, the Curious may lee 
 all its Vertues in Aioii.irda, from whom wehuve 
 taken this little. 
 
 Santa Marta 
 
 Follows next to the Eaftward, having C/rf.i 
 gcn.i on tlie Weft, the Nortli Sea on the North, 
 Kiu de l.i ll.tchi on the Eall, and the New Kin^ 
 dom of cir.i/i.id.i on the South •, its Extent 70 
 leagues in length and a^ imicli in Breadth. \ 
 Country abouiicluig in Ji/di ui Wlieat, and Pota- 
 toes, ami \, ieldnig imicli C>old and Copper, asallo 
 io.iie I'meranlda, and other precious "jtones. 
 
 Towards the Sea, the Heat is cxcellive, but far- 
 ther up the Land the Air is mucii more tempe- 
 rate. 
 
TERRA FIR MA 
 
 285 
 
 I ICC 
 
 r.lte, bccauTe of tlieneariiiTs of the fnowv Mean- ley of ///,i/-.r(, wliirh if ;k fidl <j! \'eiiis of Cop 
 
 laiiis, which cool it •, particularly that Diftncl per a^ of Stone^. 
 
 or Libert !,• they call lairoiui is verv Cold, as 
 
 being hii!,h and Mouiiraiiiou?. Near the Sea, tlie RiodclaHacha 
 
 Breezes help much to moderate the Heat, btinr, 
 
 the Eart and North-i.'arr Winds. Stptember and 
 
 Odohcr are very rainv Months, becanie then the 
 Winds blow more fro;n the Land, but the rell 
 of the Year the dry Winds prevailing, there is 
 very little Rain. 
 
 The Natives are of a good Stature, and aTtive :, 
 but haupjitv and (icrvcrle, fo that the Sp.:/^i.ircis 
 have not yet been able entirily to fubdiic theip» 
 many ftill living a brutal Li!c on the Monhtanis, 
 under their own petty Kini', , wearing C)tton 
 Cloaks of feveral Colours, and u!uigpoiluii'd Ar- 
 rows in their Wars. 
 
 Tins Province is Oib-divided into feveral Di- 
 firii'ts, a? that oi Tairon,i abtvemention'd , fix 
 leagues from the Nortli Sea, tlie iMountain Part 
 whereof is not yet fully lubdu'd , but the Spa- 
 niards are Marters of the rich Valley •, near to 
 which is that of yW(-/.',;.ry, no. lels large and weal- 
 thy. Buritlca is a Liberty 1 3 Leagues from Santa 
 Marta •, Borid.i but three Leagues and a half frcjm 
 it •, and the N'alley of Coto is Iialf way between 
 the City and the Diftrift of Poz.igHccia, Betoma 
 and Chlinala are two other Territories •, the Men 
 of the latter are noted for Strength and Bravery 
 and the Women for Beautv- In this Province be- 
 gins the great Ridge of Mountains, which cuts 
 all South yh,:crica in two, and runs down to tlie 
 Streights of Magelliifiy of which welliall fpeak ni 
 another Place. 
 
 Santa Alarta is the Capital City from wliich 
 the Province takes Name, ieated in 10 Degrees 
 and a half of North Latitude, in a very wliol- 
 fom Place, on the Coafl of the North Sea, where 
 it has a fafe and fpacious Harbour, with good An- 
 chorage, and conveniency for retitting of Ships, 
 and VVatenng. The City was once much nmre 
 populous than it is fince the Trade of Spain lias 
 decrease!, however it is a Billiop's See, wliofe 
 Prelate is Suifragan to the Metropolitan of tlie 
 l^ew I- iinidom of Granada^ and yet that Icarce 
 keeps up the Place, which is therefore neglerted 
 and expos'd to all Enemies. 
 
 The other Towns are Tenerife^^o Leagues South- 
 weft from Santa Marta, on the Banks of the great 
 River of S. Alagdalcn. 2. Tamalameque, ox (^illa 
 de las P. lima.', io 1 cagues Southof 7f«c>(/f, and 
 2 from Magdalen River, in 8 Degrees North 
 Latitude,the Country about it hot,but often over- 
 How'd by tlie River, which occafions much Pa- 
 iture, and coniecinently Plenty of Cattle, but it 
 bears liitleelfe. The Indians of this Part are ve- 
 ry llupid, and w holly addifted to Sloth and Peafl- 
 ini;. 3. Ciitdad dc los Rncs , or the City of the 
 Kings, 50 Leagues South-eafl fr<)in Santa Marta, 
 oil the River (^itataporiy having its Summer when 
 our Winter i^, and that Temperate, by reafon 
 of the EaltVV'inds continually blowing, and their 
 Winter all Rain, when the People are fubjeft to 
 Agues. The Soil is fruitful in Pafturc and Fruit, 
 and the Natives are Numerous, Cruel and V\'ar- 
 like, lb that the Soamaids being very tew, have 
 not been able to fuodue thein all. 4. Oconna is a 
 linaU Town upon a Pais up the Country, next the 
 Territtiry of I'amalameque. 
 
 /.,) Kaniada, firfb call'd Salamanca, is. ;o Lca'_',ues 
 Eaft from Smta Alarta, at the Foot of the 
 liiowy Mountains,' and on the Edge of th.-\'.iL- 
 
 vcrv fmall Province joyning on the Weft 
 ra ,l/.;>;,;,on the North it has the North Sea, 
 
 to .s .7; 
 
 on tlie I'ait a great Bay that parts it from fene' 
 zjiila^ and i)n the South the New Kingdom of Gra- 
 nada. Tlie Extent of it up the Inland is but fmall, 
 vet t!iat extraordinary fruitful, once plentiful in 
 Gold .:)id precious Stones, and the Sea yielding 
 Pcarisand Salt •, but all thole precious Commodi- 
 ties have fail'd, except the lafl, which is of leail 
 N'alue. The land has many wild Beafts, and the 
 Water fwarins with Alligators. 
 . TheTown cM'A Rio de la Hach.t, hadfirft the 
 Name of Suellra Sennora de los Nieves, and after 
 that de las Remediosy is 30 Leagues Eaft from 
 Santa Mart a, 17 South from Cape de Uyela., 
 built on a fmall Hill, about a Mile from the Sea, 
 where it has an indifferent Port. It was formerly 
 confiderable for Wealth, yet had not above an 
 liundred Houfes, when in greateft Profperity, 
 and mucli lefs, when taken by Sir FrancU Drake 
 in his uiincrican Expeditions. Six Leagues to the 
 Eaftward of it is another fmall open Tovn call'd 
 La Rancheria , being only a Village of Huts, as 
 tlie Name imports,for thofe who follow'd the Pearl 
 Filliery^ belides there are two other Villages ra- 
 ther than Towns, the one call'd 'Tapia and the 
 other Raniada, of all which there is nothing worth 
 mentioning. 
 
 Venezuela, 
 
 On the Weft is feparated from the Province of 
 Rio de la I/acha, by the Gulpli of Cofo and the 
 lAcA/aiiicaibo, and by the Mountains Aom the 
 New Kingdom of Granada •, the lame Ki"gdom of 
 Granada being on the South .^ Paria, orNfw ^1n- 
 dalnfut on the Eaft , and the. North Sea on the 
 North \ fo that it extends about 1 30 Leagues in 
 Length from Eaft to Weft, and 80 in Breadth, 
 from North to f^outh. 
 
 The Soil is fruitful and yields two Crops in a 
 Year ; bcfidcs there is excellent grazing, and a- 
 bundance of Cattel , which is the Realon this is 
 call'd the Magazine, or Granary ^ becaufe from 
 hence they fend to other Provinces great Quanti- 
 ties of Wheaten Meal, Bisket, Cheele and Bacon , 
 as alfo much Cotton Cloth , great Numbers of 
 Hides, and vaft Quantities of Sarfaparilla , but 
 above all of Citcao growing in the Territory of 
 Caracal, and reckon'd the beft in the World, 
 for all ( jame and Fifli, there is as much Plenty as 
 any wlierc ; but as for Gold or Silver, none is 
 yet found. 
 
 This large Province tontain'd feveral Nations 
 of Lidiau.', from whom of Confequence fcvera) 
 Diftrifts took Names, of fome of which mention 
 will be made. It is worth oblerving, tliat not- 
 withfiauding the great llavock made in this Pro- 
 vince by the Germans and all the pretended Cru- 
 elty of l\\t Spaniards, there are Itill reckon'd in 
 this Country above icocoo Tributary Indians, all. 
 above )8 and under 50 Years of Age, for no 
 otiiers Pay. The Towns the Spaniards have built 
 here are 
 
 Co/ 0, or rcncuicla, the Capital,feated in 1 1 De 
 grces Latitude, in a temperate Country , but iir 
 provided with frelli Water, and ftaridmg' in a 
 R r 1 Plain- 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 .■Ah 
 
lu 
 
 TERRA FIRM A 
 
 Plain, tlio' all about it be Moiintair.oiis. About 
 the Towti Sui'ar Ciiiu's r;iii\v to a woiick'i'ful hi;;- 
 nefs, and tln-ix' is miicii Honcv and Wax, and 
 fuftictciit of !iot!i Enrope.m and luAi.in VVicat. 
 Two I'urti holoi^t; to it, tin- one a League from 
 it W'eftvvavd , tlic other 2, I-.ca£r,ncs and a half 
 to the Nortliw.ud. The Land puts out from the 
 City i; I i.,i(;iie-.into the Sea, and is call'd Parn- 
 gDtiiij\ but the utniol> Point Cane >'. A'c/'/.w. The 
 Govcniour of the l'r<'vince and the Rilliop, who 
 is SufiVai!,an to S.i/no Domina^o in the Illand Hi- 
 J'pwicil.i refide I'.er.'. Near the City, and tiie Way 
 leading to tlic Mountains, is the Plain the >"/>.(- 
 vi;iids call I."! Llii-iios lie C.iior.i, 16 Leagues in 
 Icn^tli and (> in Hreadth, abounding in all thnifiS 
 for the Support of Life , particularlv Irnli.m 
 AVlieat, as alio Bealis of l^iu'den. Kroin tlicTown 
 they j^o into the Territory call'd B-irifiic^imtto, 
 over the Hills Z.:l.//.;.(i->?,', where are a barbarous 
 fort of /^/ir//'.v;..-, not yet wholly fulidu'd. 
 
 NiuJIr^iSaiuoya Ac C.iriaUed.i^K the nextTov.'U, 
 about 80 Leagues E.ift from f.'o/-o, in thcProvitice 
 of C.trac.K, near tlieSea, but the Port not Safe •, 
 Vet there is a I orr call'd alio Ciraus built on it. 
 ts'ext is S^tiiti:ii^o cis l.cm: in the fame Provii-ce, 
 4 Leagues to the Southward of the lalL 4. Ntw 
 r.iUmi.i, 7.5 leagues from the laft, and 7 from 
 tiie Port of />.':■ I'.:, HI. 5. A'lieva Xercz. , 15 
 Leagues al molt So;i'h from the laft. 6. NnvSc- 
 ^utM, Z) Le.v^ues South froai Akw Xercz-, and 80 
 South eall from Ci>o. 7, Tuciiyo, f > call'd from 
 the \'allev if ftands ni, and is about 50 Leagues 
 from the North Sea. S. 1 ■nxilto, or Niif/t'" ^"i- 
 iiwii .'-c l.t I'li^ aliroil So Leagues South from 
 Coro, in the Country of the Cim.n. 9. L.ipjtn-.t 
 is on the Kank <if tlic Lake Alar.icubo, about 40 
 Leagues from Cure. lo. At.iracapr,n.t is one of 
 the bell: Ports on all iliis Coaft, on which Ac- 
 tcHint tlierc is a lifiall Town built on it. 'Iliere 
 are t\^'o other little Towns or Villages call'd Pe^- 
 ttlU dc C.iroy.i and Co/>i.iu.i^o(j'.i , ot which there 
 needs no more to be laid. 
 
 The great Lake M.ir.tCiiibo , abovemention'd, 
 and by the Sp.i>:i.i;-il.s loaietimes call'd Im,o dc 
 JSIucflra Se/inoy.i, or our Ladies lake, runs in from 
 the Sea, or Gulph of Co;,-, reckon'd about 80 
 Leagues in Compafs, or lefs according to fojiie. 
 Being open to the Sea, it ebbs and Hows ; feveral 
 ftnall Kivers fall into it, and it breeds abundance 
 of Fidi, efpcciallv M.iiiatis. ht the Bottom it re- 
 ceives a Kiver which conies outof tlie New King- 
 dom of C>\ii.'uii, wliich make a great convenicncy 
 of Trade between t!ie two Countries. Some of 
 the Natives to thb Day build their Huts on Trees 
 lianging over the Lake, whieli t!ie firft Difcove- 
 rers are thought to have taktu lor the Occafion 
 of calling this Country yaic^ncl.i, or little Tf- 
 n/ff, from the People living fo among the Wa- 
 ters. 
 
 Tliis Country and all tlie Coaft along to the 
 Kcnth A/;:eyic.i was tirll dilcover'd by Crriflophet 
 €<jI,wjI)I(s , after whom joint de Amptics , in the 
 Vcar 1527, by Order of the Sovereign Court of 
 nifprnvLi took Pod'ellion and began to fettle in 
 it, contrafting Friendlhip \\\i\\AlManyc^ a Pow- 
 erful C.iciqiic. Whil'll h.' was there, the fc'mpe- 
 rour Ch.irlestlK jtli made a Grant of theli.* Coun- 
 tries to the Fclfcys, rich Merchants of ylnsbiiyfiy 
 whole Lieutenant y7/^w/;c?- arriv'd there ni 1529, 
 with 400 Foot and 80 Horfe. He having fubdu'd 
 tlie Natives about the Lake oi Afayiu tibo, btnx. 
 .ill his Tlioughts upon finding out ji Mines of Gold 
 
 and Silver, which failini-, he riii.^'d about the In- 
 land Provinces, Plu'idennJ ind fi-.itchenng thi- 
 Natives fdl he was wounded hv them, whereof 
 hedv'd. His Sutccllors inanag'd no better all 
 their lATm!i being to enrich thfmdlvet at once, 
 till the I'itfers ncgkanig to lend new Coinnian- 
 ders and frelb Supplies of Men, the Soveieign 
 Court iii///y/j.)/(i".',;,uiulerfook the Province af.':iin 
 and fent feveral lucteliive Commanders, whofet- 
 tled in the (Jountry and built the Towns wehavp 
 meniion'd, fubdunis; all the Natives, evcept lomc 
 that rtielter'd ihemUlvcs on inaccellible Moun- 
 tains. In the Year 1550, the Blacks being grown 
 very numerous, began to Mutiny, whi«h o'blig'cl 
 the Sp'ini.irds to put all the Males to the Sword. 
 
 Paria, or NewAndalufia, andCumana. 
 
 There is no afccrtaini -.g the Rounds of this 
 Province, efpeciallv on the South, bi'caule there 
 the Inland is not conquer'd,and but little known ^ 
 but on the Welt it borders on I'vixutcta, on 
 the North it has tlie t)cean, and on the Eaft no 
 other Limits can be alcrib'd it but the Gulpli 
 of /'.(r/.i, and t!ie Country of C.irii';i>i,i. 
 
 It Commences on the Eafl at Cape Salin/js^ 
 running out upon B'jc.i del Drap^o, and tends 
 Wellward 70 L.cagius to Cape Ayity:i, along 
 which fp.ice -here is no Town, nor any thing 
 remarkable till we come to Cap; Arayi, where 
 there is a natural Salt-pit, which is rapable of 
 funiiniine a great Fleet every Year, and 
 thither the Dutch ufed to go for it without 
 any Obftruftion :, till in the Year 1605, all their 
 Ships were lUrpri/'d by tlie Sp.vii^ir/'s., as the Men 
 were loading the Salt, many of them put to the 
 Sword, and tlierelKent to the (jalleys. After 
 which the King ot Spiin cajs'd a Fort to be 
 built there, call d S.vitiM^o , wiiidi hinders all 
 other Nations taking Salt there. 
 
 Turning the aforeliiid Cape^/ /j'.j, istheCnilpIi 
 of Citm.Ti.t^ which runs about 40 I.eagues into 
 the Laud, and from the Mouth of the liiid Gulph 
 the Coalt is reckon'd about 40 Leagues mcfre to 
 CApeCjyi!ilirr/j, where l^cncz^iicii meets it. Near 
 the Moutli of the ("iulph, 'J.wics de C.ijhilon^ in 
 the Year 1522, built a Fort at the Mouth of 
 the River f.',//;; //;.( •, and 2 Leagues higher is the 
 Town ot Citm.vi.i, or Nevo-Coydov.t, where the 
 UpMiiiirds have been everlince fettled, and com- 
 mand all the Coall, by tiie help of three other 
 fmali Towns and'Forts, call'd Aforcqnito, Acavj- 
 ci'.yi-, and 5'Wffl ToAif. Up the Inland they do not 
 extend far, the Natives being rtill uncouciuer'd, 
 who yet come not witliin fome Leagues to mo- 
 lell them. 
 
 Thefe Inditm'vie'nt, and ftill go naked, only 
 covering their Privities witli Cjourds, or Cafes 
 of Gold, or bits ef Cotton Clotii. The Maids 
 hide nothing, but when M.irry'd, they cover as 
 much as the Men. Tlie Caciques keep a<; many 
 ■Wives as tliey pleafe, and by way of Courtefie 
 always offer one of them to their Guefts. Thefe 
 Salvai^es eat Man's Flelb, and are of Arong Bo- 
 dies, and courageo'.i'. As for the (jrowtli ot 
 the Country , it is ;,iuch the fame as in the 
 Neighbouring Provinces, the Soil producing all 
 forts of Frees, Plants, .mcl Grain. 
 
 Not to forget the tiaft fide, it begins at /<tf<rrf 
 del Drago^ to call'd from the violent ('urrent let- 
 ting out of it, which is ready to fwallow Ships, 
 beiiiji a Strcight fovm'd by C.^ipe Sitin.is, and 
 
 tlii 
 
rf'^ 
 
 1 
 
 TERRA FIK MA. 
 
 •,Mi UluiJ of tlif 7K7//(y, leadiii,; into tlic (julpli 
 c.i P.itii, vvliicli is between tlii'- Ccall and the 
 r.u(.l Illiiid, whence llie Coall runs full South, 
 and tlitii Soutli ealr to the Mcutli of the great 
 Kiver of /'..■)•/.», (>r Ornnsko, 
 
 Coltimbus havini; difcover'd this Coafi: , tlie 
 D(i/iii)ikdi: Friars begft'd of the Kiiij.;, in the Year_ 
 151^, tliat they iTiij;ltt have tlie converting of 
 dioie Inlidcls without any Force. This being 
 i',1 anted, two of tliem landed, and hm\g well re- 
 ceiv'd, conli',;ued there v.'itn hopesof Siiccefs,tilla 
 Sp.uiiJ/j Ship carrying; away feveral of the Na- 
 tives, theotliers in Kevenp.e inurdeiM the Friars. 
 'Nevertlielels, in 151S, feveral J>o//h)/.'cii/Js am] 
 I'lMiiiftiiiis ventur'd thitiier again, and built two 
 liiiall lloufes vvitli the Confcnt of the People i 
 bnt in 1520, Aloiifo dc (Jjcd.i llirpriiin;; feveral 
 of tlie Native?, fo inrens'd the rell, Uiat they 
 combin'd t<.>gether, kill'd him tlie next time he 
 landed, and murder'd all the Friars. To revenge 
 this, lioHz^iilo Ac Oc.m.po was lent with 3C0 Men 
 from U'.fp.iiilol.t, who flew a great number of 
 thole Salvages, and dellroy'd their N'illages. The 
 Natives loon after had their Satisfaftioii, falling 
 ui^cn a little Town l-'r.wcisdc Soto had founded 
 on tile Co.ill, and dcllroying all ihc Sp.njiards, 
 except only 19 that cfcap'd in a Koat. To re- 
 fjnite this S\:nvj}\ti:r, J.i//jes cle C,i/teUo>t came in 
 the Year 15^2 horn JJfp.wioLi, and put to cruel 
 Deaths all the I>:di.itis he could catch who 
 were any way concern'd in the Slaughter of the 
 Religious .Men, and other Spamards , and tlien 
 built the Town of Ciun.ma on the Continent. 
 Afterwards 'Jerome Ortal, and yinthony Sedcno. 
 ventur'dmany leagues up the Inland, and dy'cl 
 there, fo that their Followers grown weary 
 of tholl- fruitk'ls Toils, return'd fomc of them 
 to (^oitiiii la , and others to C/;;;w«.7, without 
 finding any tiling worth their Labour in Icveral 
 hundred Leagues. 
 
 The New Kingdom of Granada 
 
 Comes next in our way returning back to tlie 
 VNeliward, and borders Northward on S.mta 
 Mtrt.t^ Eallward on Fo'.ez.ucl.t^ and otlier Coun- 
 tries not yet fubdued, Southward with moreRe- 
 j^ions, as yet I'carce known to us, ai;d Wellward 
 on PoB.-iyatt j the whole Length being 1 30 Leagues, 
 and tl:e bread'!] above 30, lying between 2 and 
 9 Degrees ot North Latituclc. 
 
 The 'A hole Country is fubjcft to great Rains, 
 and is full if VVoods,but breeds mighty numbers 
 of black Cattcl, Horfes, and Mules. Its princi- 
 pal Subdivilions arc thofe of Ihgota and Tituia^ 
 and the Country of the /'.i.vcfcfijalmoft furrouiul- 
 iiig them both, which lalt is exccflive hot, but 
 that of Bof,ot.i temperate \ the People of this 
 laft, and of Timii^ are by one common Name 
 caird Ahxcr. Tinna far exceeds /io^ofrt in Veins 
 of Gold and Emcraulds, tho' the other is not 
 without much Wealtli. All Parts here are healthy, 
 and yields great plenty of Salt, which is a gcxxl 
 Commodity in the adjarent Parts. The Begotes 
 and Tmii.uis are of a large Stature, and ftrong of 
 Body, and their \Vomeii Beautiful and Fair,wcar- 
 ing Garments of Cotton of feveral Colours girt 
 about their Walks, and on their Heads fome 
 ufe Caps, and others Coronets of Cotton curi- 
 oully wrought. They are extremely addifted 
 to Dancing and Singing, much given to Lying, 
 ami tolerably iiidullrious in learning of Arts. The 
 
 z?7 
 
 P.viihes were formerly Man eaters, but the o- 
 ther two Nation* ahhorr'd tliat Food. 
 
 ( lenerally the wliole Country abouiidi in Pro- 
 vifioiis, yet there was 11 Territory adjoining 
 to I'liiiia, wiitre the People fed much up(jii Pil- 
 inires. No Provii'cealTords better Grazing, but 
 the main thing is, that there are many very rid? 
 Gold Mines, and more of excellent Copper. The 
 great Wealth of this Country, and the goodnefs 
 of the Climate has drawn abundance of Spmi.irds 
 to fettle here, ^'j that they luve many Towns, 
 of whici) we are now to fpeak. 
 
 The Metropolis is call'd Smiiu Fe de Bop^ou^ 
 built by Coitz.ido Xine/ies dc Qiiejnda, in the 4th 
 Degree of North Latitude, at the Foot of tlie 
 Mnuntaiiis of ham-'. Tliis is tlie Relidence ot" 
 the (joveriiour. the Sovereign Court, tlie Arch- 
 billiop, and otner Officers j befides here are two 
 Moiiallcries, one of DomiiiU-ms, and the other ol 
 Frjm.i]i.:t>is. Near it is the Lake Ciutuvit.iMhiVQ 
 the Natives us'd to olfer much Gold, ancl othec 
 things of \'alue to their Idols. The Air is ex- 
 traordinary vvliolefome, and there is great plenty 
 of all Provifions, but no Gold has been found 
 near it. 
 
 Tlie Town of 5. Miguel or S. Michael^ is 12 
 leagues to the Northward, ercfted for conve- 
 niency of Trading with the Pandies. Tocayma 
 is 15 Leagues from S<««<j Fif, Weft North-well, 
 on the Banks of the River /'iJf/, which fulls into 
 that of the AltgdaUriy and in the Country of 
 the Piifiches, a People much civiliz'd fincc the 
 coming of the Spaniards. La Trinidad is 24 
 Leagues North- Well from Santa Fe ^ and 6 
 Weft from the great Snowy Mountains, com- 
 monly call'd Paramo for their PXcelTlve Coid- 
 nefs, being a branch of the iji-^at Cordillem, 
 or yli.'des, that runs to the Strcight of MageU 
 Ian, of wliich we fliall fpeak elfe-vhere. Pali;i:( 
 is another Town in this fame Territory^ '15 
 Leagues North-weft from Santa Fe. Tmia takes 
 Name from its Province, built on the top of 
 a Hill 20 Leagues Northeaft from the Metro- 
 polls, and the moft trading Town of all the 
 Country. Pamplona, 60 Leagueo North-eaft from 
 Santa Fe, rich in Gold Mines, and abundance 
 of Sheep. Aferida, next the Borders of f^ene' 
 zjiela, has fome Gold, and a good Trade by way 
 of the great Lake Maracaibo. S. Chrifioval, jo 
 Leagues North of Pamplona, quite deftitute of 
 Golcl, but rich in Pafture andCattel. The reft 
 of the Towns are nam'd in the Table, and have 
 not any thing particular to claim farther Men-^ 
 tion. 
 
 Befidcs Gold and Provifions, and Salt aLove- 
 mention'd, this Country produces all forts of 
 Fruit, much Gnajacum, good for the PoK, andi 
 Xagiia Wood, which iho' it felf white, makes a 
 black Dye. 
 
 In the Year 1536, Ferdinand de Li:go, Admiral 
 of the Canary Iflands, fent Gotiz.alo Ximenes de 
 Qucjada to difcover the Countries along the 
 great Magdalen River. He ?dvanc'd above 200 
 Leagues from the Sea vfith unfpeakable Labour, 
 by reafon of the difficulty of the Way througra 
 Woods, and over MoralTef, and coming to the 
 Territories of the powerful Cacique Bogota, ca- 
 fily overthrew him, which fo terrified the reft 
 of the Natives, that none durft oppofe him. Iti 
 plundering the Cottages of the Indians, he found 
 every where abundance df Gold and Emeraulds. 
 Hence Ire advanc'd to the Panihcs^ and xhencn 
 R r r 3 JO 
 
 ;,:«! i:'! 
 
 w 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 ''1^' 
 
 I] 
 
 ii 
 
 
 w. 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 fen 
 
 li 
 
 
 
88 
 
 TERli/i F I li M A. 
 
 fubdu'd Yiv o) the Indijm, built tlic Town of 
 Stiiit.t Fc a. -jcma, and cM'A the Country tlie 
 New Kingdom ai Crarutda, bci.iufe he washiin- 
 fclf born at Granada in Sp.tm. Having done 
 thus much, and hearing that Ftb.i/H.m de Bdal- 
 cjzar drew near to Iiiinhy the way ot Popiyan. 
 and Ni(.bnl.i< r>f^f/«.wfiomA^f«fiHf/.), hchafttd 
 away, a-; did both the otiiers into Spain^ for the 
 King to alcei tain tlie Limits ot" their Conquefts, 
 and reward their Labourj. 
 
 Pops y an. 
 
 As in defcribingall the Proviucc- above, where 
 others aie not nam'd , we have follow 'd Her- 
 rera, C'o/hva^Oviedo, /.iter. And :ii"jhrij without 
 naminji t''*'" -'^ every turn, to avoid To much Ke- 
 tltioii, (o iiu'.v we lliall in k^reat meafure take 
 tlie cnliiing Atnauit of I'oy.iyiW , and moll of 
 PaiJi-om Gi i./, who travell'd thofe Parts from 
 end to end, and has left amoreperfsft Dtlcnp- 
 tion of them tluui any other. 
 
 According to him then, this Province is 200 
 Leagues in len(;th, and 50 or 40 in breadth, in 
 Ibme Parts more, and in •iiliers lets. On the 
 U'eft it has the South Sea, and high Mountains 
 dividing it from the Province of Onito in Pe- 
 ru ■, on the North is the Province of Cartagc/ia; 
 on the Eaft the New Kingdom of Cr.w.idii, from 
 which the vail Mountains call'd ^l/uUs part it, 
 and on the South the Kingdom of yVn/, andfome 
 other yet unconquer'd Nations. 
 
 Theuii'des, lafl: mention'd, on the one fide,and 
 the other oppofite ridge of Mountains fend out 
 many Branches, from all which many Rivers fall, 
 and feveral deep Valley are fonn'd, acrofs the 
 largeft of which runs the River of S.mta Mana, 
 This various Situation caules no lefs Variety of 
 Weather, and other Confequencei, fome Places 
 being hot, and others cokl •, Ibme healthy, and 
 ethers unwholefonie ^ iome very wet, and others 
 dry. The Nativf s welre generally a free People, 
 owning no Sovereign, but Iome of them were 
 Man-eaterf, ard otiiers abhorr'd it. That for- 
 mer Liberty made them difdain being fubjeft to 
 the Spaniards , but what moft contributed to 
 maintain it, was the Fertility of the Country, 
 which every where afforded them enough to live 
 on, and therefore they fled from Place to Place, 
 till they were tir'd out, having no Reft any 
 where, and are now wholly fuodu'd. It will 
 therefore be improper to fay any tiling in general 
 of the Soil, and much better to hint at it under 
 tach Townfliip or Subdivifion. 
 
 Popayan is the Capital City,as well as the Name 
 of the Province, and both of them fo call'd from 
 Popayan^ a powerful Cacique the Spaniards found 
 there at their firft coming-, it is in 2 Decrees and 
 a half of North Latitude, in a healthy Situation, 
 all the Year being like a continual Spnng,with- 
 eut any excefs of Heat or Cold, but it Rains ve- 
 ry often, and Thunders oftner. The Territory 
 aoove it is extraordinary fertile, yielding two 
 Crops a Year, and better Indian Wheat than 
 other Parts, btfides all forts of Fruits, both j4- 
 ptnitan And £itr0peatij and feeding miglity Flocks 
 
 and Herds of Shcep,Cows,and Swiiie.The>Jativcs 
 outdo all Of liei A»::ri,.vis in Induftry, Courtelie 
 and civil behaviour. The City tbnd, upon a hmh' 
 l^laiii , tlic common Houfes .ire fpacious, but 
 llishtlybiulti ijut this is the Relidence of the 
 (3overnour and Kifliop, and befides thj Cathe- 
 dral, hcreisaMoiiallcry of Ahrcen.wi.ius. The 
 Liberty of the City is very large, and lontain-.- 
 feveral J>ui:.w Tc-win, and many TIioiH'.uid-. ol 
 Natives, and it produces plenty of Gold, but 
 that is geueralh ot low Price. 
 
 Sam.i Fc dc Ani'iln.t is op the utmoft Nor- 
 thern Borders of this Province, next to Curta 
 gcria, featcd in a huge and deliglitful Plain, be- 
 tween the Rivers of D.nicn., mdSaiit.i A/art.i^ 
 in 7 Degrees of North latitude. The Natives 
 about it are of a peaceable Difpofition, jiand- 
 fome, and fair ■, the Air temperate and whole- 
 (oine, inlomuch that they lie out all Night with- 
 out any Iiarm •, the Land feeds much Sheep, and 
 produces Fruits, and tlie Rivers Filli. 
 
 Car.imama is about 60 leagues North caft 
 from Pup.iy.wi, oil tlie River Cmca, and abounds 
 ill Indian Corn, and Fruit, but has no Wheat, 
 tew Cows or Sheep, and abundance of Swine, yln- 
 j.n7;;./,or.S'. v-iw/f of >-/,'/iovA.i Hand s on an Eminence 
 between two Rivers,ibout 50 Leagues North-eail 
 from the City of Pcp.7y.v1, with innumerable 
 Fruit-Trees about it.hoiii the Neighbouring Hills 
 run Iome Streams very full of Gold Sands, which 
 the IiuU.ins and Sp.i.'iiards gather in confiderable 
 quantities. j4rnia is about 12 I eagues North- 
 call from A,iz..erina, in a fruitful Plain, where 
 there are rich Gold Mines, particularly near the 
 River, and its Territory is very large, extraor- 
 dinary populous, and furpalTes all otiiers in 
 Wealth. The City Carthage ftands in a Plain, 
 betwixt two Stre-i.m?, 7 Leagues from th- River 
 Ciiica, and 25 from Pop.iyan to the North-eaft, 
 the Country about it yielding neither Wheat nor 
 Gold, but very rich in Cattel. Cali ftands in a 
 Plain, at the foot of high Mountains, in 4 De- 
 grees North Latitude, 22 1 v.igues 'rom Pi,p.iym:, 
 and 28 from the South Sea. It is a Place of .';reat 
 Trade, but fomewiiat hot, and the Soil general- 
 ly good about it. £ue>i.rjintiira is a Se:i Port, 
 to which all Goods are br<>ught from Ncvu-Sp.iiu 
 for this Country, i, very thinly inhabited. /-"y/ff, 
 or 5. John dc Pajto, is 40 Leagues South-weft 
 from Popayan^ in a delightful Valley, cncompafs'd 
 with Hills, healthy, the Territory fruitful, full 
 of Cattel, and not altogether deftitute of Gold. 
 Befides tJiefe, here are many other %w//'/.' Towns 
 of lefs note, as Guadalajara de B.'iga., S. Sebafiian 
 de la Plata, Abi:aguer, S. Jz/.w Y Truxilloy Aid- 
 drig.il, j4greda, Rrc. 
 
 This is a proper Place to Hiy fomething of 
 the great River of 5. AIartha,AnAS. Magd.deit. 
 Tlie Branch call'd of S. Ahrth.t, or by the Indi- 
 an N.'.ine Caiica, rifcs in a Valley of the Moun- 
 tains jindes, about 6 Leagues South-weft from 
 the City Popay.w, among ilic populous Nation 
 of Iiidiaus, call'd Coconucos, wnence it runs a- 
 way to the North, as far as the Town of Call, 
 receiving all thefmaller iitreams on both fides, fo 
 that at the faid Town of Cali it feems to be as Dig 
 as the O'liad.ilgiiivir at Scvit, and this is not 
 a Courfeof above 30 Leagues. Thence it rowls 
 ftill Northward,gathering many moreWaters,aiid 
 is by them extremely fwell'dwheii it comesto5«- 
 rltica, which is about 60 Leagues farther, and 60 
 Leagues below that again, which is alio below 
 
 the 
 
T EKR A FIR MA. 
 
 289 
 
 the Town of AUpoY, it meets the otiier Branch 
 callM of the Al..i'd.ili... TIin ISrandi lias its 
 SoiMTc iihove the Town uf Tinuoi.t, on the F..ift 
 fide of the Mduut.iiiis Aiuia, wiiirh divide tlie 
 Spiiiii;s at akmt 40 1 e.mucs diftance, frcm 
 which Place tlicy cuiiti'.m.illv draw nearer and 
 nearer till they meet, m, above. This River of 
 J\ Us^daUn is nn lels increas'd than that of 
 S. Martha^ by the aceeilloii of many otliers, 
 whereof thofe of f./r/, Cir.ire, and Powpiti.tn^ 
 arc the chiefelK VVIiere tliefe two Stream- 
 meet thev form one River a Leajjue broad, (o 
 ^reat is the quantity >>f Water they rowl,and in 
 the midrt of it are feveral llknds, fomeof them 
 inhabited, whence it runs always fwelling down 
 to the Sea, between the Provhices of Gj>-f.«;(;w, 
 and Santa AUrca, and enters the Ocean with 
 fuch Violence, that the Water is faid to be Tweet 
 four Leagues out from the Nioiith. No River has 
 more plenty of fiOi, and near the Sea more 
 Alligators and A/unMies, which lall are River 
 Cows. Both thefe Rivers run 4CX) leagues be- 
 twixt their Sourr. jiidtheSea. .Ml the'Wealth 
 'of the Provinces 1. Cirihiy^aia, S.irita Altiyt.i, 
 Fop.tyai, and the New Knijicloin of Cran.tda is 
 about thtfe Rivers', the whole length whereof 
 there are many nth, and inexhautlible Mines of 
 Gold, befides the excellent Paflure, and Arabic 
 Lands, and all orher fort of Produft, and parti- 
 cularly between th two Branches is ^U a de- 
 
 lightful Paradife, and a continual Mafs of Trea- 
 lure. 
 
 Sebu/linn dt Belalc.izjn\ Governour of the Pro- 
 vince of Qjiito, after Piz.nrro, ww. the firft who 
 penetrated into this Province of Poptiy.w, in the 
 Year 1J36, defigning to open a Palfage out of 
 his Government to the North Sea, and to make 
 himftlf Mailer of a mighty Treafurc he wasin- 
 form'd mif^ht be had out of the Gold Mines 
 poflefs'd bv the two Brothers, Cdambaz. , and 
 Popaym. The Nations call'd Pafios and PatiM 
 united to oppofe his entering the Country , and 
 put hiin to much Trouble, together with the 
 difficulty of the Ways, and fcarcity of Provifi- 
 ons, which thofe People had hid. However, 
 Bel.ika^.ir made his way through to the Cacique 
 Popaym, where being taken with the richnefs 
 and delicioufnefs of the Country, he firft plac'd 
 a Garrilbn. From that time, tho' the Natives 
 were very Numerous, and moft of them fierce, 
 and Man-eaters , yet the Spaniards by degrees 
 fpread themfelves abroad, building all the Towns 
 above-mention'd, by which they have fubdued 
 all the Country, deilroying great Numbers of 
 fuch as obftinately oppos'd them, and bringing 
 all the reft to Chriftianity and Submiflion, ex- 
 cept tome few who choofe rather to live mife- 
 rably, like wild Beafts in the Mounuins, than 
 be brought to Humanity and Politcnefs. 
 
 
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 CHAP. 
 
 . t 
 
 111 
 
zpo 
 
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 c H A P. xin. 
 
 Of The rCinPiliMM of P l" 1< U. 
 
 7«J 
 
 
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 or Teh diLA. FiRjMA 
 
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 ^eita// J^trte 
 
 
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 , „.,.., „...^ ... mis i iiiy.iiiv Miiuadii', m 
 
 iliallcliieHy follow Cicz.a, who traveU'd all Leagues make 500, 
 
 over it, 'ylcofia, who reTided in it Teveral 
 Years and Hcnera, who as the King's Hiflorio- 
 urapi'er, had the moil Authentick Informations, 
 both 111 Writing, and bv word of .Mouth. Befides, 
 they arc all three iudicious Authors, in great Re- 
 nutation among all that are acc)uainted with their 
 ■Works, and Men of known Sincerity and Intc- 
 
 This Kingdom extends from the Province of 
 Onito under the line, to the Kingdom of Chlk, 
 btTvond the Tropick of Capricorn. 700 Leagues, 
 lavs Cict.j, 6cxD Acojl:t^ and above 600 //f^>f/-.i, 
 in all wliich Accounts there mud be allowance 
 for the main Windings of the Coaft from North 
 to South, without wliich they will be found too 
 long •, becaufe Quito beginning under the Line, 
 and C/j/7e commencing at 25 Degrees South Lati- 
 tude, the whole length left for Peru in a dircft 
 
 U|illi!i., WIIkI! alio 
 The breadth is very various, 
 but moft gencrallr about 50 Leagues from tlie Sea 
 to the ridge of Mountains , call'd jindcs, vet 
 ftretching much farther in feme l^laces about the 
 Country of the Clj.ich:tpo\.u. 
 
 The moll rtmarkahle things belonging to this 
 Kingdom, are, Firfl:, That only the South or 
 South-weft Wind reigns ccntinualiy along its 
 Coaft, contrary to all other Countries under tin: 
 Torrid Zone, where the F.afl always prevails. 
 zdly. That whereas this Wnid is eliewhere na- 
 turally ftormy and unwhoklome-, here on tlie 
 contrary it is gentle, healthy, and deliglitful , 
 ret'c'nng all the Coaii temperate, which Weald 
 othfrwife be too txceflive lu.t ai;d deftriiciive. 
 ■i,dly. That It never Rains, Hails, or Snows along 
 all this Coaft. ^.lUy. That at a fmall difcjncc 
 from it there i^ not only exccfs of Rain, but 
 •of Snow, and 1 hiuidcr. 5r/-'/y, Tl;ac there are 
 
 two 
 
p E a V. 
 
 291 
 
 'WO I'Ji'.f-. ijf Moitntains whiilirini tlirniinh all 
 />>;<, alw.iys ar an eni'-il <l'll:ni<(.' tVoin line aiio- 
 I Ikt, Ml, del the I'.iiiu' I atitnclc, tlio (i:ic ciitiiclv 
 • oveiti witli Ii'iv-, i't'd Hiliii'l inolt partuttlK- 
 Vcar to Rain, aii<! a (iiltry Summer, the otli:r 
 <iui!t bare anil iiakid, laflicr cold tliati hot, and 
 •<vlkrc Smntieiand Winter, Rain and fair V\ta- 
 iliiT iiuii-i.'(i in tlit-ir turns. For thcbctti-r under- 
 lr.ii!din).i\\heriot, u is to be ludcrllood tliatall 
 i'V..'/ is divided into three li "!;, but vei\ nar 
 row Stn)>, winch arc I'lains, Mrimtains and thw 
 .iiulc), 'Ilic i'lain- arenext thj South Sea ^ the 
 Mountains loiilillof Hills and \'alk'\,> , andilii.- 
 yl/iUcs.{\c proiliijioushi^h Moantani'j. The Plains 
 are j',tnerdll> ten I eagucs wide, little more or lefs, 
 ilie Mountains 20, and the yi>idt> the lame •, the 
 Kii^th taken from Nortli to South, am! the 
 brcadtlifroml'alHo Well. Now it is wonder- 
 ful, tJMt m the Imall dillanie of 50 I eai'.ues in 
 the fuhc 1 atitiide, in one Place it lliould alway-) 
 Jv'ain, in anollitr never, and in a third there 
 (I'oiikl he Rain and fair Weather alternatively h 
 for ni the Plains it never rains, but only a finall 
 Dew falls fometimes •, oi» the yl/ictes it rains al- 
 inoll tontinuallv,, and on tlie other Mountains, 
 it rains and is fair much as it is in Sprtlt.'. Botli 
 tlie yhhicsmd other Mountains run a Tliouland 
 I cayies from North to South, always cquidi- 
 Aant from one another. Where th-ie Mountains 
 part they leave (;reat \alle,s, accounted the 
 plealantell, and healthitfl Dwellmti' in Pai:, as 
 .ire thole of A'<)//.v.i, j4nd,ifiMiiyl.i, I .'■ ■} , &c. 
 
 Tlie ancient Inhabitants of the I'laiiis liv'd p,c- 
 neralty in open Air, or under Trees, the Men 
 wearing fliort Garments to their Knees , and 
 Cloaks on their Sliouklcrs , and th.- Wo 
 rnen their Robes down to their Feet. Tliofe of 
 the Mountains being much ftronger of Body 
 and more wittv and indnllrious tlian theothers, 
 had their Houles cover'd with Turf, the iNleii 
 wearing ("larments and Cloaks iriade ot the \V ool 
 o(l'i>iivi(i>! Sheep, and the Women Robes fwath'd 
 about their Bodies, and Mantles. Before ihele 
 People were united under one Monarchy, they 
 vveie rude and barbarous, andaddiikd to great 
 variety of Supertlitions ^ but when lubdued h\ 
 the /'/:;■'.', and brought into, one Body I'olitick, 
 thev became civi'.i/'d, and only ador'd the Sun, 
 as the principal ( reature appointed by the Crea- 
 tor over the World. 
 
 The commor Grain of this Country was that 
 we call A'tii'.w Wheat, of which they not only 
 made Bread , but alio a Liquor like our Beer 
 or Ak •, and where this Corn was wanting, 
 tiiey made Bread of a Root they call I'apM. 
 Here is a Plant peculiar to this Province, calid 
 (xc.i, which they mix with a little Lime, as they 
 do the Bctcic in the l.jji- Indies, and chew it , 
 alFrming that it prevents lI'Miger and Thirll, 
 and revives the Spirits. Of this" Herb fuch valt 
 fiuantitics are coiiliiin'd at /^of^/i,that they amount 
 to 5oaico Ducats a Year. Acojia, and Curci- 
 iiiflodc /./ A?);.; dekribe it \ery particularly, in 
 whom, and yi/«/..-;Y/w, and Xi/>it,ies, mod Indian 
 Plants of Note may be found, to treat of which 
 would rei^uire an entire \ olume. Much might 
 be laid ot the Bealh, but tlioie which deferve 
 particular notice are the icyhvi.in Sheep, which 
 thev call /..'..v.v.i', and are mc;ft excellent Crea- 
 tures, as being of great uie, and kept with very 
 little Ch.irge. They have very line Wool , 
 svhercoi ilie bcil Cloth is made, and they carry 
 
 iinrdci'is, like Horil-!;, Without flandin?, in need 
 of Sh 'oes. Bridles, or 0.its, living npon the. 
 (irals thes find in the common Fields, 01 along 
 the lide< of Roads. But it miift be obfTv'd, 
 that there are tvvi. (iirtsof tluin, the one, wliich 
 is woolly, liir dilUnrtion rall'd P.hoi., and the 
 other alinoit naked, withonly a little Hair, anJ 
 tlieit lore (M-operer for carrvini', of Burdens, and 
 thei'e they call (ifM.'.icos. They are larger th.tti 
 our Sluep. and have loiij? Necks and l,egs, aticJ 
 arc (I leveral f'olours, will carry an hundred 
 weis'Jit caiii, and are good to eat, and the only 
 Bealis ufed there for carrying of Burdciii of 
 all lorts, and they it is tliat tranfpurt the Plate 
 fro.n the Mine-, to tlie Se.i,fometii(tes 1^0 Leagues. 
 Tiieir Day's lonriiey is 5 or 4 1 c,iv',i'.e5 when 
 they have inanv Day ; totr,i\el, or mure tor one 
 Day, and for that time they willcarry twohun- 
 dred Weight. The l^icf?i.is are wild Beafts, like 
 Hinds, breeding on the high Mountains, and 
 have a delicate Hair to fpin, and in them the Be- 
 zoar Stones are often found \, as alio in the Tn- 
 rm;,tf, which are a larger fort, not unlike the 
 lait. F • other Beafts, there are the fame as in 
 other Parts of the South Americt, and no lei* 
 variety of wild Fowl , but a', for iame Fowlr 
 there was but very little before the Spaniards 
 brou{!,!!t it. 
 
 A ' 'n.tidci fays, there are a fort of Infefts in this 
 Kingdom, which the Spaniards caW Spiders, be- 
 caufe they fpin Webs like ours, but are as lar^e 
 as Oranges, and fo venomous that the Bite 'if 
 them IS mortal, unlefs immediate Remedy be 
 apply'd j for if it once pierces into the Body, iC 
 is certain Death. God has provided againA it^ 
 tor the l'i.<^-tn'es arc here continually green, anci 
 two or i\r\^ drops of the nnlky Juice of tlie 
 leaves perfeftly deads the \'emoii, after which 
 they keep tlie litilc Eite open fome time, and it 
 heals. 
 
 Before we c.itcr upon the Divifio'i of '' ", 
 it will be proper Ivne to give 11 ne Account of 
 the vaft Ridge of Mountains, call'd Anda, be- 
 ing one of the greatell in the World It bc- 
 ginsat the Srreights of Af.igcH.in, and runs North- 
 ward through all South America, in fome Pla- 
 ces continually cover'd with Snow, in many o- 
 thers calling out Fire. In other Parts it gene- 
 rallv rains all the Year, and it is very toiilome 
 pai.ii\g over, by reafon of the thicknefs of the 
 Trees. In ihe moil: uncouth, woody receffes of 
 them, there are faid to be People fo brutaL 
 tliat they have neither Cloaths, nor Houfes, ana 
 only living upon fuch Beafts and Birds as they 
 kill with their Arrows •, without any Chiefs, or 
 Govcrnours, and only meeting accidentally in 
 hollow Trees, or Caves. The Natives on the 
 Wed lide, towards the South Sea, were Men of 
 good Seiife,cloath'd,and govorn'd by the Laws of 
 the litg.ii ^ but thole on the other ficie were more 
 dull, and their chief Employment was to plant 
 and gather much of the Herb Coct, above-menti 
 on'd. The higheft Parts of tl;e yltida arc not ha- 
 bitable, either for their beir.,^ perpetually cover d 
 with Snow, or theexrcHuc Cold ■■, bi.'tthe low 
 er were populous, and truitfal , yielding much 
 Indian Wheat, and of the Root 2;!t.;,'us'd to 
 make Bread, and excellent Fruit, n.jtoi.iy of the 
 Country, but of tHrif. Cci.v. 1' is need lei's to 
 fay moreot them in this Place, becaule wemay 
 liave Occalioii to mention other PartiCuinrs in 
 fpcaking of the fevcr,tl Provinces. 
 
 Iri 
 
 i 
 
 'I'll 
 
 #■■■ 
 li 
 
 •!J|I 
 
 . h 
 
 \'f 
 
 
ipl 
 
 T ERV. 
 
 In liiv.irt .1 Cmintry, it is certain tliet-e wcic 
 fevor.il laMc.uagc, Ijiokcn, wliirh arc now alinnil 
 Jord'tt, and laid afide, all the Natives bciii^ 
 brim^ht to Ipcak Spmij/i, wliicli ii the uiiiverial 
 Tongue. Tlic (iovcrninent was Monarcliical , 
 under thoCe mi^'jity I'rinccs the Jh^.k, who were 
 Sovereigns of" ail thcfc Provinces, of whom we 
 
 Rto liiiwba. 
 
 Ciienca. 
 
 Lox.i, 
 
 Ziiwor.t, 
 \ Jaen. 
 i .s\ Afigiiel. 
 
 I'alt.t. 
 I Cudyiiqiiil, 
 [^Puerto ricja. 
 
 Oiall ijieak ar l,,fl. Their Rcli^'jon was fd/.i. 
 try, and tliL Sum the prnuipal l)b)ea of' *\v'\r 
 Adoration, but ti;iie the Sp.mtriis ;iie b.naie 
 Maliertj, they .11 e all converted tt) Cliri(fi.'iiit\. 
 1 '.t us now tome to the Diviliou of the leve 
 ral I'rovinces, and their relpe^ivc iliief lowii-: 
 bcmii thole let down in the t'ollowinij Table. 
 
 Quito. < 
 
 tos Quixos, 
 
 Pacamoros. 
 
 SBaez.ii. 
 Avdn. 
 Scvill.i 
 jirthia 
 
 delOro. 
 idona. 
 
 FMUAolld. 
 Lcyol.i. 
 
 S~mtiago dt las Mtnt.UHts. 
 
 fLima, 
 
 C'ufco. 
 u4niedo, 
 \ Santa. 
 I Triixillo. 
 LosReycs,or I ima, | Mirajlores. 
 or />/•>•((, pioperlyv S. Juan dtta Fromira. 
 focaU'd. I Samia/^o dt loj Italics. 
 
 J LeoN cif Citanuco. 
 , i S. JiMii i.e la Vito) Ij-, or 
 i O'liii/liang.i. 
 I Ca/lao. 
 (S'txamiilca. 
 
 La Sierra. 
 
 Quito. 
 
 TIic Province properly fo ^^•ali'd, fommences 
 North of the I'ciuinoiliul, and extends 80 Leagues 
 to t!ie Southward, according toHcrnra, and 70 
 fays Ciez.,:, which difTerenctjas has been before ob- 
 ferv'd , and is now ajjain repeated, to avoid it 
 for tlie future, may arile from tlie ditferent ways 
 of taking the Dimenrioiis in a rtraiter Line, or 
 allowing more for Windings. The Breadth is 
 about 25 or 50 Leagues. The Boundaries of it 
 arc on the Well of the South Sea •■, on the North 
 the fune Sea and Province of 7' epaj/iw, on the 
 Eaff that fame Province, and los Quixos \ and 
 in the South the Province of Los Reyts, 
 
 This Country, tho' lying under the Equator, 
 is like Sp.iiri, the Air clear and ferene, rather 
 cokl than hot, and the Snow lies all the Year 
 in fome Places. The Rains laft from October till 
 Jhrch, whicli they call their Winter, and du- 
 ring the other Months the Grafs is parch'd up, 
 whicii tho' not very long, is proper for the Car- 
 tel of C.ijNIc, whereof tliereajfe great Numbers, 
 
 Los Revff, or Li- 
 
 ma, or Poll, VTo-i l^alverde 
 perly focall'tf. /-.a— /^ 
 
 'S. Franc ifco de it fitona. 
 S. Jii.ni del Ore. 
 ytrctjiiip.i. 
 S. Mi^Mt de la Rihera. 
 
 Los Cliarras 
 
 PkU.i. 
 
 or 
 
 Ci0ro f^irrtynd^ or Choco- 
 
 lacoiha, 
 yM Cuatir.i, 
 
 LGuamachuco, 
 
 rra Plata. 
 Potofl. 
 N. S. delaPat. 
 
 Oiopejii. 
 EjcorlatjHC. 
 Par 10. 
 ylriai. 
 
 Tobijij. 
 
 (hii,cqiie. 
 
 la. ,f'0''- 
 < lunxa. 
 
 Toiniti.t. 
 
 La I.agiiiiilla, 
 
 '1'ri.abuio. 
 ' CacLiya. 
 
 SiniUa. 
 
 (J ami. 
 
 Paria. 
 
 Caraioya. 
 
 l.ix.i. 
 
 Pill. 
 I ..!>'. Bo n.irdo df I J Frontcra. 
 
 { S.vita Cruz, de la Sierra, 
 
 \Satita Crui. la Nncva, 
 
 Sjefits Alaria. 
 
 ( Barranca. ^ 
 
 as alfo abundance of Wheat and Barlv, and 
 Gold in fome Places. And this is a moll plea- 
 fant Province to live in, for nothing can be more 
 delightful tlian a clear and healthful Air, there 
 being no excefs of cold in VVinter, nor of heat in 
 Summer. Much more Gold might be gathered 
 here, had they Slaves to fet to work, but it 
 is ftriftly forbid to force the Natives toit^ but 
 here is great Plenty of Salt-Petre, whereof tliey 
 make good Powder. Fruits ot' all forts, either 
 Indian or European thrive well, and there »s a- 
 bundance of both. 
 
 The Natives are generally of a pronortiona- 
 ble Stiture, flrong, and lieaithv, induilrious c- 
 nough, and apt to leani any Trade :, but then 
 they have other ill Q.ialitics, as particularly they 
 are given to Lying, and Uruipkeniiji's, vain, iii- 
 conftant, and hard to bt eivilii'd, except ionic 
 that have been broui.;lit to live in tlie Spanijh 
 Town>, for they choofe rath.T to dwell fcat- 
 ter'd about, than in Towns and N'illages, bur 
 that tliey are conftrain'd to it, in order to their 
 living more like Chriflians, wliich tliey are na- 
 turally averle t«. 'Iheu Habit is a loofe Gav- 
 
 iiient. 
 
T E 
 
 mrnt, witlioiir 'llfevfs fo th;\t their Legs and 
 Anns arc naked. Their chic f Fmpl'ivment is ma- 
 knm C'loth <if Ci.tton, and Wool, and they pay 
 Tnmitc t'l tlie Spim.inii, 
 
 Afottitr. {■! fays \vi.' have the beft ^^ulphur f^iviim, 
 or live HrimlKjne IVimti ^ito, whiih is of a fine 
 ()o!d Colour, ,iid fouiid near tlie Gold Mines, 
 whoncc Natiiraiills have rtalon to fay that Quick- 
 lilvcr is tie Matter of Gold, and Sulphur the 
 Form. 
 
 Gu^va is a fmall Northern Territory in thi'* 
 Piovince, whae commences the fo famous Road 
 of the h'y '<■, runiiiiii^ above looo I ea^ues in 
 leni>tli , and larry'd acrofs Mountains, Bogs, 
 and Dcfart^, with fiidi immenfe Labour, thit 
 it fecins inirediblf, being every wlicre fmixjth 
 and f.iiv, lodwith vail Stones where there was 
 need, tlio" tliey had no Iron, nor otiier Inventi- 
 ons, hull as we hjve. And what is yet more 
 tfinarkal^li, thtic were Inns built all the length 
 of it at 41 5, <ir 6 Leagues difVancc from one 
 atioiliir, lor the tonveniency of Travellers, and 
 thil'e Inns wci\ raird 'Tambos, and are in ufeto 
 this l)av, tliere being Jntiums under a Chief in 
 eatliof them, wlio,as loon as any Traveller comes 
 in, bniu', linn Water, Wood to make Fire, pro- 
 vide a Bed , and other NecelTaries i drefs his 
 Meat, and carry outhisHorfe or Mule to Grafs, 
 and let ill e his Ragt;;'.(je •, all which they do very 
 julUy and caiel\ill\ for nothing, and if he re- 
 (luire It, fiMiiilli iiiin with Guides. 
 
 Near when- this Road begins, there runs a Ri- 
 ver, over which '\\x is a natural Bridge of fo- 
 lid Rock, ' ■ A Iter running through a hollow 
 below, over which the laid Rock lies above like 
 an ^;rlI, whiih the Natives call Lnmichiica, that 
 is, .itoiie Bridj;e. In the way to the City of 
 <^///>(), is tlie lakecaird Ti.i^iiarcoih.i, that iv, Sea 
 of Blood, becaufc the ///^.JO'/<rj<>wca/)<taft into it 
 tlie Bodies of :gooo Men of the Carnrie,iics he 
 liadlbin, for rebellin.',, and being bloody Man- 
 eaters •, and not far froiii.the Like is the wonder- 
 tiil I'alace ot C\i)n»iine.<, built all of Stone, with- 
 out I line, or any other Cement. Hence all tlie 
 Country forwards is full of Jridi.m Towns, and 
 Sp.imjh Seats and \ illages. 
 
 S. tiiincis lit- (Jiiito is the Metropolis of this 
 Provinte,reated in the declivity of a N'alley, cn- 
 clos'd on the North and Well with a ridge of 
 hi^h Mountains, in half a Dej^ree of South La- 
 titude. The 'lerritory about it fruitful , and 
 well Itock'd with Sheep, and the Natives more 
 (ivil and indiilhious tlian others more remote. 
 Tl'c Streets are wide, and llrait,vv if li four Squares, 
 one of thein before ilit Cathedral, another be- 
 fore the Doi;unir,in!i anda third before the ft/»«- 
 (lU.iiis Monalteries, belides which there are two 
 otiier Churches. L'e.e is the Refidtnce of the 
 Sovereign Court, tlie Hilliop, and other the Kiiig's 
 OHIcers, and a noble College ol Caiions. BelKles 
 tlie. Town is fortiiied, and goixl Gun-powder 
 made in it. A League Iroin it is a burning Moun- 
 tain. In thefe Deltriptions we follow Hinern, 
 Civ7.:i^ Zitati, ju/hcs riniii/iiUz., and (i/tnilnjla 
 iie l.i I'eg^i, who are the Authors that have writ 
 bell of J OK-, wlnih inay lerve once for all. 
 
 From i^( '« to A'/'u i'l/rtf';.! is about 25 Leagues, 
 which tl'.o nauid among the Towns, is rather a 
 \'i!l;!ge, chiefly, inhahued by Sheplierds, who 
 Ii.ive vail Mocks ol .^lieep on the Plains about it. 
 1 hence to the magniiiceiit I'alace of Thowcb-imbd 
 they reckon ao Leagues, it is to be obletv'd, that 
 
 »91 
 
 the /w(;.«,Emperor« n^Piru^xA very many Palaces 
 in feveral Parts of their Dominions, but this 
 of Thonieb.inht was a wonderful Striifture , 
 as rtill appears by the Ruins, befidcs the Tra- 
 dition that is preferv'd of it. Clofe to it was 
 a Temple of the Sun, built witli Stones as black 
 as feat, and others like a green |afper. The 
 Portico's were of feveral Stones of curious 
 Colours, and the Floors not only of the Temple, 
 but of the Palace, cover'd with Gold , tiirioiiljy 
 wrought. In (liort, the Treafure of (jold and 
 Silver within it was inellimable, but at prel'ent 
 only the Ruins remain. The /ndi.ws of tins 
 Territory are call'd Canates, a haiidlbme, and 
 well drefs'd People, mid the Country very rich 
 ill (jold and Silver. 
 
 Following the fame Road 51 leagues from 
 i^«;fo, we come to Loxa, another good Spinijh 
 Town, whole Territory has Gold, Silver, Cop- 
 per, Iron, and Sulphur Mines ■, and 16 Leagues 
 ftill South from that, isC/dv/fj, in 5 Degrees of 
 South Lititude, in the N'alley of Cnxib.imbi, a 
 pleafant and healthy Seat, aiitl free from all forts 
 of Infeits. Next is Zamor.iy 80 Leagues from 
 ^iiltc, no Ids healthful and delicious than the 
 lail, and its Gold h'- , ■■ fo rich, that one pure 
 Lump of that Metal fom in the Earth, is laid 
 to have been prefented io King /"/j/Z/p the Z(/ of 
 Sp,iin, which weighV h PouirU. None but 
 Blacks work in tb" Mines, for the Native, mu!l 
 not be compellV > .ere bein^ levere Laws againit 
 it, and they a»c iloathfu'.and i .lit for Laboii,-. 
 Fifty Leagues from Loxa isjiw , 111 the Terito- 
 rycaird Chaiaynga, auioiij; Mountains, but ve- 
 ry temperate 
 
 Having run through the upper iCountry along 
 the great Road, we come now in the Plain,wliere 
 we nnd theTown of S.Mis,nel de I'iiir.t^m the Ter- 
 ritory of Chita, which is the extremitv of the 
 Province of ih<iin Southward, where tho' it ne- 
 ver Rains, yet the Soil i» water'd, and produ- 
 ces all forts of Grain and Fruit. In the Liber- 
 ty of this City is the Port of P^yttt, which is 
 large and fafe, and where the Ships touch in 
 their Paflagc from CiuireimiU to P^rjt. The 
 Marquefs t'rancis Pi!.a>ro was founder of the 
 City, being the firft the Sp.miards built in 
 Peru. 
 
 SivitiitfiodeCuayapiil (lands 15 Leagues from 
 the South Sea. and is otherwife call'cl Z.j Ciilata, 
 becaufe feateil at the bottom of a Bay, or deep 
 Inlet the Sea makes there, and this and the laft 
 above are in that they call the Valley of Tum- 
 bez., from an Indian Town of that Name, for- 
 merly very famous , and Capital of that lower 
 Territory. 
 
 Puerto yUjo, or the old Port, is in one Degree 
 ofSouth Latitude, and tho' fo call'd, is not a Sea 
 Port, being at fome diftancc from the South Sea, 
 but there is a Place call'd Afama, which is 
 a Harbour to it. 
 
 Belides the Road above-mention'd, which was 
 along the Mountain, the IngM had made another 
 along the Plain, 15 or 16 Foot wide, pav'd with 
 great Stones, wallil in .)ii both tides, and llia- 
 tlec! with Trees againll the violent heat of the 
 Sun, with Inns at proper dillances, and all 
 other Conveniences, as has been laid of the up- 
 per Ro.id. 
 
 The moll remarkat'>le Rivers here, are that of 
 
 Santiago, the moll Northein, remarkable lor the 
 
 uprightncis of its Banks, which is fuch, that 
 
 Sfl a Ship 
 
 M 
 'i-i 
 
 i\.. 
 
 11'!, 
 
 t 
 
 il 
 
 } 
 
 
 'J i \t 
 
aP4 
 
 T E KV. 
 
 • ship touching the Ground with its Prow, has 
 eight Fathom Water at the Pcx)p, for rowling 
 with incredihle Swiftiiefs, it makes an extraor- 
 dinary deep Channel, and yet Ships enter it 
 without any Danger. The next to the South- 
 ward is the Rivero*"T«/ntf?,, which is in three 
 Degrees and a half i.i South 1 atitudc, of which 
 there is nothing remarkable. 
 
 los Quixos 
 
 Is an Inland Province, partly Plain, and part- 
 ly Mountainous, and not difrover'd till rhe Year 
 1557, after the building of the ^>M<y'' Town of 
 Citenca, abovennention'd. On 'he \Viil it has 
 the Province of Qji'to, on thi.' Nortli tliat of Po- 
 ptyan, on the Eall theuiiknnwi' <"> mr^v, Crtil'd 
 Dorado, from the abundance of *" li 'upp.s'd 
 to be in it, and on the Si-ut'> ihrr of the /;'' 1- 
 cttmoro!. Northward it fcartf r..-.c!ics to the 
 firll Degree of Souih Latitude, 1 img 60 Leagues 
 in Ifiigth, and no Ufsin bre.idi'i. 
 
 Ail this Country i^ cvcelii^'tr hot and rainy, 
 bearing \ni\tl>idi<i! rorn, .ind no Wheat, but 
 abundance of all Pc;irui.ii^ 1 tuir. as alii) the £«- 
 rr.pe.w, and varietv of K'tchin Plants. It is un- 
 der a particular (ioveinour, appointed by the 
 Viceroy of i'f;v/, ;oid has but four SpMiflj 
 Towiiii. 
 
 Ti:e chief of tliem is Baez.a, built in the Year 
 1559, by CiiUi Ru»,i,cz. Dav.Uo.', t8I eagues from 
 that of (^ito , where the Cjovernonr refides. 
 ;. j-ircb'uUn.i, about 20 Leagues South-eafl from 
 that of IS.ie'^i. %. AvUi, to the Northward of 
 Aichidnn.i. 4. SerilLi del Oro , (jr the Golden 
 SevU, the Southcrmolt of them all. 
 
 The Natives have a peculiar I aiiguagc of their 
 own, tho' they uudeiltand tliat of Pcrii^ and 
 dilfer in nothing from the relV of then' Neigh- 
 bours. They vigoroullv oppos'd the Sp.wiards^ 
 and rebeird once or twice , but being lince in- 
 tircly lubdued, Iiave einhrac'd Chrillianity, and 
 apply themfelves toHusbandrv. 
 
 Tlie Eaftern Part of this Country is by a 
 peculiar Name call'd C;w/', or Cinnamon, from 
 whole 'V\'oods there are in it of Trees, in lome 
 rclpeft relembling thole of the Cinnamon in the 
 luijt-ii'dit.'. Afui.urdes lays, tlii'li; Trees are of 
 an indifferent fize, alwa\s gieen, their Leaves 
 like Laurel, and the Fruit lliap'd like a little 
 l-Lit, about the bigiief- ol a Ciown-piece, of a 
 Purple Colour, whicli lias the perfeft taUe and 
 fcent of true Cinnamon. 
 
 Pacamoros, 
 
 Or Byacatnoroi, as alfo Tgu.irfonpft^ and John 
 (k SJiri.ii, are all the fame Province, or leveral 
 Parts of It, bounded on the Weil by the high 
 Mountains eludes, before Ipoken of, on the Nonli 
 by /-0.1 Oiiixi,!^ on the Eall by the Countries 
 undiicover'd, and on the 'louth by Peru, pro- 
 perlv li) calld, being about loO Leagues in 
 length from North to South, and as mucli from 
 Eall to Well 
 
 All th.' Country enjoys a pleafant, temperate 
 Climate, :nid the Soil is fertile, producing eve- 
 ry lint of Oraiii and Fruit ^ but above all pro- 
 per for Cattel, by reafon of the great I'lenty 
 of Orals. I5ut the greatell Wealth conliils in 
 t!ie (jold Mines, m which they find Grains of 
 A'.\ nnufual bignefs, whicli arc higlily beneficial 
 f.i the Sp-viiuidi o( the Colonics there. 
 
 Here arc three Spai/ifi Town?^ all of tliem 
 founded by 7oh>! dr Salui.u dc I.oyoLi, when he 
 was C overnour. The firit m rutUdolid, about 
 20 Leagues Eaft from Zumorj, in 7 Degrees 
 of South I atitude. 2. Loyola 20 Lfa.;ues Eall 
 from Fathidolid, and fo call'd from the Foun- 
 der, the Indian Name being O.vwi); '•./;/«. ^, San- 
 tiago dc los Moiitiin.u, 50 Leagues Eall from Loy- 
 ola, in a Country extraordinary rich m Gold, 
 and that fo fine, that it cxcclU all the Neigh- 
 bouring Parts, and none exceeds it but that of 
 Caraviy.i in PeiH, and raldivia in Chile. 
 
 Since wc have fo often had occalion to fpeak of 
 the Gold found in thefe Countries, and lliall a- 
 gain as often, it will not be amif? to fpeak a 
 word of the Nature of it, out of Aufij, who 
 writes what he law. He fays it is found in three 
 forts, in Grain, in Duft, and in Stone. The 
 Gold in Grain needs no refining, being bits as 
 Hg as the Seeds of Cucummers, or Pompions, 
 fine, and without any mixture •, yet fome hap- 
 pen to be 'Mgger, and even to weigh fome Pounds. 
 Of this kind there is leaftGold. The Gold in 
 Stone, is Veins of it running througli hard pie- 
 ces of Rock, of which he lays he has feen ma- 
 ny at the Mines of Z.fr«W(j, which is in the Pro- 
 vince of Pacamoros, and fome were half Gold , 
 and half Stone. . This fort is dug out of Mines, 
 where there are Veins like thofe of Silver, and 
 they are extraordinary laborious to dig. The 
 greateft quantity of Gold in the li-iUs, is in 
 Dufl, found in Rivers, or other Places where 
 much Water has run. The Gold Dull: is cleans'd 
 by much walhing in Water, till the Earth or 
 Sand runs clear off from the X'cffels they do it 
 in, and the Gold being he.-.vieft, fettles at the 
 bottom. Tbire is another way of cleanfing it 
 with Q_iiick-filver •, and another v^Wh Aqn^ t-'or- 
 lis, which feparates the Gold from any other 
 thing. When refin'd, it is call into Pigs, or 
 fmall Bars, in order to be fci." into Spain, for 
 none can be exported in Dull, bccaufe it can- 
 not be elTay'd, and mark'd, and pay the King's 
 fifih till it is Call. There is no afcertaining 
 what Quantity is fent into Spain every Year •, 
 but in tlie Fleet >^a!/?.»return'd to 5p.</«, he fays 
 there went from the Mam izChells, each con- 
 taining at leaft an hundred weight, and from 
 New-Spain 1156 Marks, each Mark being half 
 a Pound , and all this only for the King ; 
 without reckoning all that went for private 
 Perfons, which is always mudi more, the King 
 having only the fifth Part of what is found. 
 
 Los Reyes, or Lima, or Peru, properly fo call'd. 
 
 The laft the general Name, the two others ta- 
 ken from tlie Capital City, wliich is call'd by 
 tliem bo.h, and it is a large, rich, and noble 
 Province, commencing at about the lixih D.'grce 
 of South Latitude, and extending to about 17 ^ 
 tlic Length upon the Coaft in a ftrait Line, 
 reckon'd at leail 220 Leagues from C.ibo de it 
 A^Hit in the North, where (chjito ends to a lit- 
 tle below Arei/mpH in the South, wi.-rc Los 
 Charcu begins. From Bail to Well it Ihetch- 
 es out in breadth in foine i'arts loo Leagues, 
 in fome more, in other lels, not to include any 
 of the other Provinces we are to fpeak of a- 
 part. 
 
 The South Sea walhes it on the Wc.1 , Quito 
 and Pafamtros are on the North, the Ccmtvies 
 
 as 
 
PERU 
 
 295 
 
 as yet unknown on the Eaft, and Lot Charcu 
 on the South. AiigtilUne Zaratc^'w his Hiftory 
 of Peru, divides the Natives into three Nations, 
 by the N;imcs of Timg.u^ T.iffanes , and Mochi- 
 ch.u, differing amonj; themfeWes in Languages, 
 but all of them fpeaking that of Cufco. Garci- 
 laffo ipfovms us, that the Peruvians call all Coun- 
 tries near the Sea, and fr.ch as are hot, Tunpa, 
 and thence all the Inhabitants of the Plains are 
 caird Tungu. Now for the better uiiderdand- 
 ing the Situation of thefe Countries, we will 
 bet;in with the Plain , and run along tlie Sea 
 Co;il\ from North to South. 
 
 This lower Part is call'd the Plai\is of PerH, 
 where it never Rains, nor Tliunders, bccaiil'c 
 the hei;!,hth nf the Mountains Ihclters the bot- 
 tom, fo that there can he no Land Breezes, mk\ 
 conOquentlv the Wind off tlie Sea prevails , 
 which meeting with nooppofition, does not prels 
 the N'apours thit rife into Rain, for they ran 
 Tievcv luiTicientlv condenfe. This is the Realbn 
 that here never falls any more than a thick Mill, 
 which yet helps to ripen the Corn, and all the 
 waceriiig is lefs beneficial to this end. The 
 land is generally a deep Sand , except in 
 the Bottoms about tlie Rivers that come down 
 from the Mountains, where Channels heinc cut 
 to water the Ground, there grows much Corn, 
 Oil, Sugar, and all (orts of F.iimpean and A- 
 >/icric(»: Grain , and Fruit. At the foot, and 
 fides of the Mount;iins there is rich Pailnre , 
 and multitudes of Cattel, and as much diffe- 
 rence of Weather as can be wiih'd , for the top 
 is cold, the bottom hot, and the middle part tem- 
 perate. 
 
 Coming along thefe Plains from the Province 
 of Otiito, the firft N'alley is that of Xjyama^ a- 
 bout 16 Leajiucs Gouth from the Town of 5. Afi- 
 ch.tet^ before mcnt'on'd, then that of Tiiqiicme , 
 ?. Cnito, ^. Colligiien, and 5thly, 5.w.-i. All vvliith 
 a:-hH5 been laid before, are fertile and delightful, 
 with Rivers rnnniiig arrofs them, and all between 
 them deep, barren Sands, without any Tree, 
 Plant, or living Creature on them , which the 
 Reader is to oblerve, holds all aKmg the Coaft, 
 and therefore fhall not be repeated. 
 
 In this laft \'alley of Zamt ftands the Spamffj 
 Town of Mir.iftoies, fometimes call'd by the Name 
 of the \'alley, about 1 10 Leagues from Lima, the 
 Capital, and 5 from the Sea, on which it has a 
 Port call'd Chencepen, all the Way between them 
 full of pleafant Woods, \ illages and Farms, and 
 the Town it feU populous and very 1 icii. 
 
 The next N'.illey lUU Soutiiward \f, P^fcamttyo^ 
 reckon'd the bel\and mdii populous of them alL 
 the Inhabitants whoreofj hiYorc the In^.tf lubdu'cf 
 them, were Potent and dreaded by their Neigh- 
 bour', and had abuiidance of Idol Temples, but 
 are all now canfuily inftruif^ed in Chriftianity. 
 tit\;c,iwrf follows, 'ittle inferionr to the lall, and 
 tlien Iniro, much dmir'dby the Ir.gas, ana now 
 the Seat of the Town ofTnix.llo, aKmnding in 
 all Things for Coiiveniency andDeligbi, tn7Dc- 
 jjrecs and a half of fioiih Lititude and 80 Leagues 
 troni Lull J. It is reckon'd one of the he'A Towns 
 in PoHy very 1 ai'i^e and will Built, and has 4 
 Monafleries. About ;o Lca,^ues South from it is 
 the Town and Valley of Sj.-m , otherwile call'd 
 Lt Parilliif near the Sea on a good River, forming 
 a convenient harbour. Atntdo^ another Sp.m.j/i 
 lown IS in the \ alley of Gj.iwc.i), 9 or 10 Leagues 
 from 'j,>;w, and a half from the Sea. 
 
 The Valley of Lima is the Largeft in all the 
 Plains from Tumbez., of the Delightfulncfs where- 
 of all Men fpeak Wonders, for the Heat is never 
 ofiiinfive, nor is there ever fo much Cold as to re- 
 quire a Fire , for the tendered Perfons. Their 
 Summer is our Winter, and their Days are never 
 longer than 14 Hours, or Oiorter than ti, and the 
 Earth produces all Things in wonderful Plenty. 
 To come to the City which is the Metropolis of 
 this Province, it is cM'd Cindad de los Reyes, that 
 is, tlie City of the Kings, anti fometimes Li/fia^ 
 from the Valley it ftands in, the Latitude being 
 12 Di^.tees and a half South •, no Town in Peru^ 
 unlefs it be C)(/co,can compare with it. The whole 
 IS divided into (quare Wards, each of them of 
 150 Paces, the Streets crofling them allftrait, 
 withoui the leaft winding, and there are 22 of 
 thefe Wards or Qii.irters from Eaft to Weft and 
 14 from North to South. A great River runs on 
 the North fide of it, over which there is a good 
 Stone Bridge, and over it the Suburb of S. Ljz.a- 
 >.'<.', divided after the fame Manner : On the Eaft 
 is another Suburb inhabited by 800 rich IndiM 
 Families , endos'd with a Rampart of Earth j 
 with a College <^f ;eruits,and a Governour of their 
 own. In the City is the N'iceroy's Palace, ancl 
 the Sovereign Court confifting of 8 Judges. The 
 Viceroy's Salary is 40000 Ducats, but that is the 
 leaft Part of his Revenue, which in Effect- ^ar.not 
 be worth much lefs than a Million of Crowns a 
 Year. The Archbill.op's Revenue is 30000 Ducats, 
 and the other Churchmen proportionable. In the 
 midft of the City is a large Square, and on the 
 North fide of it the Viceroy's Palace, extraor- 
 dinary Great and Magnificent-, on the Eaft fide 
 theCathedral,like that of Sevil •, on the South rich 
 Shops, and on the Weft more Shops, the Town- 
 Houfe and Prifon •, near which is the Arfenal for 
 all Publick Stores. From this Square eight fpv 
 tious Streets lead direftly through the Town int« 
 the Fields. In Ihort, there are many other noble 
 Streets, and ftately Struftures, too long to be 
 mcntion'd particularly ■■, but in the main , there 
 are 6 Pariln Churches, 15 Monafteries of Reli- 
 gious Men, Jefiiits and Nuns, four Hofpitals for 
 the Sick and Poor, and feveral other Churches and 
 Chappets. This is the Place of greatert Trade in 
 all Somh America, all the Trcalure of the Coun- 
 tries about being convey'd thither, as are all the 
 Goods coming from Spain, and otlier Parts, in re- 
 turn of it. The Number of Spani//) Inhabitants 
 does not exceed scxxd, who arc reckon'd to have 
 40000 Blacks. This Account, Ltfet fays, he had 
 from Perfons of Credit, who had liv'd in Lima, 
 and the Compiler of this Work has had much In- 
 formation to this EfTeft from Spaniard), who knew 
 this and other Parts of the H^cfi- Indies, of which 
 as being the moft Modern Relations, he has fome- 
 times made life. 
 
 Cillao is the Port belonging to this City, about 
 two Leagues diftant from it, and inhabited by 
 6oo5p.j//»i'(/,(,befides Blacks and Natives. Of late 
 Years fonie flight Works have been thrown up a- 
 bout it, fince the Pyrates have made their At- 
 tempts upon thole Coalls. 
 
 Four Leagues from the Valley of Lima South- 
 ward IS that of P.it,h.icj»ia, than whicli nothing 
 can be more Pleafant and Delightful-, and there 
 formerly flood that prodijiious rich Temple, from 
 which 1-erdiiiaiid 1'iz.airo is laid to have taken the 
 Value of 9000CO Ducats in Gold and Silver, be- 
 fides the immenfe Treafure the Soldiers had airea- 
 S f f a dy 
 
 
 :il 
 
 t 
 
 ti 
 1^ 
 
 11 
 
 ■i 
 
 ^iw ' 
 
 1. 
 
1^6 
 
 T E R V. 
 
 dv Pltmder'd, and what the Heatlien Prit-ns had 
 hid before their romiiig •, at prefentoiily the Ru- 
 ins of it remain. The Valley of Childt is next, 
 lo Leagues from Lima •, three Leagues farther 
 that of Mala , and 5 from tliis tliat of Cnarco, 
 where is a fmall Sp:mifl) Town call'd C.vniete or 
 Cu<n-co, Two Leagues from it is the River and 
 Vallev of iMttagit.ma, and 6 from that to Chun a •, 
 then Tir.i, and in it the Sp-in'/h Town rali'd /''i/- 
 verde very be:uuiful and rich, containing; about 
 500 Sp.tai.nds, 3 Monaileries and an Hofpital. Six 
 Leagues from it is a Port oti thi; Sea, call'd Puerto 
 iJiicnitdoj whence they tranfport the Wine grow- 
 ing along thcfe Coafts in vaft Quantities, to o- 
 ther Parts which want. Four Leagues hence is 
 the \'alley of Tingez.. 
 
 About 20 Leagues to the Eaftward is the Town 
 o( Chociilacucbri, or Qiflro firrcyna , the \A'a\ 10 
 it rough and rtiny •, but the Place famoiw for the 
 great Qii.aititv of fine Silver taken out of the 
 Xlines, whuli are but 2 Leagues from ir, on the 
 top of a hit;h a\id barren Mountain, always co- 
 ver'd with Snow, and excelVive Co'd. After Tea 
 follow other plea!;nitand delightful \'alleys,caird 
 iti general L.-.n.ijia ; in one whereof known by 
 the particular Name i'fCi.v.iinalci, the /'.>;.» had 
 formerly a wonderful i^alace •, thtn N.ijc.i, Hu- 
 ran', Ocnunt and C.twan:!, where is the Town of 
 5. Aiigndde Ribcra, !■>, Leagues South from Luna 
 and 22 Nortli from Arcqiupa. Laftly, the Town 
 of AreqHipa^ is in tlie Valley of Qit'ika, about 12 
 Leagues from the Sea, ftanding in an excellent Si- 
 tuation for Fertility and whollom Air, with a 
 good Port at the Mouth of the River C/j//;, which 
 pafTes by the Town , and brings a great Trade 
 to it. It is 150 1 eaguesfrom Poiofi^M)(\ tlie Way 
 very bad •, yet formerly all the Trealure was 
 brought down tlnther , as it is now to ./4r >,/. 
 Not far from the Town is a burning Mountain, 
 and the only Fault of it is, that it is very fubjeft 
 to h'arthquakes. 
 
 Having run along the Sea Coall and Plains of 
 Pnit^ let u>now retHrn to tlie Inland and Moun- 
 tain. The firft I'rovince there to the Northward, 
 joining to that of 5. Mif'ttd of {Jjiitti-, is Cax.i- 
 ),!aU,i, dilliniSV from the N'alley of the fame Name 
 mention 'd above, in this Province the Ancient 
 /nfiai had a Palace, a Stately Temple of the Sun, 
 and other noble Struftures, and here /Itii^i/alpa 
 the laii: of them was taken and dy'd. The Soil js 
 as fruitful as any in tlie Univerfe, andhasMuies 
 of leveral Metals ^ and the Natives are peaceable, 
 courteous and inclurtrious, making curious Cloth 
 '.'' tlie Wool of the Pefiroiiw Sheep. The Town 
 call'd by die Name of the Province is at the Foot 
 of a Hill divided by two Rivers, over whicli tliere 
 are Stmie l^ridges. This Province is 90 Leagues 
 trom Lima, in the Way to whicli is the Territory 
 i)((i!i.,\iv.<, inhabited bv k\\' Spa/ii.irds, and many 
 Fndiati.'i, vaftly rich in Sheep, Woo!, and fine Cloth 
 they make of it. 
 
 Beyond C(.v./;«.(/tvj, tliere is another Roid Pa- 
 ved bv the />',.; 1/ of Peru, leading to the Chacha- 
 piya.', where there is a Sp.imlh Town call'd S. Juan 
 ik /j/'. .;/.!( ;,(, 100 Leagues North-eall from Lima, 
 and wii!i(;iikl Mines, beiides Multitudes of Sheep 
 of whole \\ ool much Clotli is made •, beiides Aco- 
 //.■««Jekribes a fort of Almonds, or I luit growing 
 here, not luilike them, in great PkiUy, whidihe 
 liiys is the bell and inoll delicious of all Fruit in 
 the World. The Mountains Andes cndole tins 
 lerritory o( (\ixamMia ou the Fail, and beyond 
 
 them is the River and Diftrift of Afoyoba/uba, 
 where the Sp.v/iards have anotlier Town, call'd' 
 Santiago delos f.iHes and (binetimes Ahyabainha 
 above 100 Leagues Novtii-eaft from Lima. ' 
 
 From Ca.yawalca 1 1 Leagues to tlie fpacious and 
 populous N'alley u{ Uuamachitcn^ whence another 
 Koad ran to the Concbii'-s and Rombim^ the firft 
 ofwhiih is two Da\s lourney off and has feve- 
 ral Gold Mines-, from O/t/'wco to Pilioba/r.ba 17 
 leagues-, from Pili4-iinba to 6V,ii-.;i8, where 
 the 'ridians arc lb laborious, t'lat thev will work 
 ill the Mines 3 next is the 1 erritory of Pif!ci>s,mti 
 then that of r/.i.vr;;//).-.' , near whicli was one of 
 ih.'Stat.lieCi Palaces in Peru, with a Temple of 
 the Sun and rrff-rl N'irgins attending it. A t pre- 
 feiit tliere is a Sjiai/ifi Colony call'd Lco>! dcd.i.u 
 ■iii'ic., 60 I endues from Lima, tlie Moinitam Way 
 others call it (•i:a>.\:to I'ic lot C.iv.dkros -, it is plea- 
 fint, rich, and abounds in all Thing, for the Con- 
 veniency of Life, having many Luiiaii Tovnis 
 .about it. 
 
 Next to dii'vuco follows Eoinbini, which Za- 
 >-'i'e fays is the highelV Country in Pin, and all 
 Plain, conlequently Cold, and the Natives war- 
 like. In it is a Lake 10 Leagues in Compals about 
 which the Natives live in \ illages. Ten Leai'ues 
 from Borlrn begins the Territory (A Taiama , 
 more fruitful than the laft, auJ aajouiing to it 
 thoi'e of Aitabiltos and Ciji:pie!ios, beyond which 
 Laftward is that of Mama, and bevond that a- 
 gain downright Defarts. From Tarama tlic great 
 Koad leads next to Xanxa, the moll famous Port 
 ot all Peri', witli the River A'.w.v.; running tlirough 
 it, often call'd the Afaramioi', as believ'd to take 
 in many other Rivi.i-. Iroiii the Midland Provin- 
 ces, and to fall into the Nm-th Sea. This Valley 
 of X.-.'/.v.-i is 14 Leagues in length and 4 or 5 in 
 Breadth, and 111 it a llately P.ilare of the P/^as. 
 The whole Diilrie't enclos'd by high ihowy Moun- 
 tains, and about ^6 or qo 1 eagues dillant from 
 Lima , in it there are I4great Towniof Lid.ans^ 
 wit! feveral MotialUries of DomiiTicavs vsiA Fran- 
 cijc u;< toinllrufl them. 
 
 F rom Xanxa to tlie Sp mijh Town of S. J'j/:» 't 
 liVttoria ox (luama^rj^a , is ^o leagues over the 
 higli ,VK)untains cncloling tlie N'alley of Xanxr, 
 on which are to be fe^n t!ie Ruins of ancient Stru- 
 ^lures. Tlie Town of Hiiamanga Hands in 13 
 Degrees of South Latitude between 70 and 80 
 leagues Eafl , fomewhat Souther' y from Luna^ 
 near the great Road, on a Rivuict of excellent 
 Water. The Monies are all of Stone til'd, and 
 there are tliree Churches , befides leveral Mona- 
 lleries, many Brotherhoods, and a noble Hol'pi- 
 tal , as alio a Rilhop. I he Air here is temperate 
 and the Soil fertile, yielding excellent Wheat, 
 ahundai.ce of tlie Herb Cor,;, before Ipoken of, 
 many Medicinal Volants and feeding Plenty ol Cat- 
 tel -, befides all wliicli, here arc Mines of (jold. 
 Silver, Copper, Iron, Sulpluir, and Loadflone. 
 
 From Ciiiamanga to the Plain of Ompa are two 
 Leagues, and thence 11 to the great Palace of 
 Hilcii, reckon d bv ihe Indian: the Centre, and 
 formerly one of tlie mod Magniticent in Pir,^, 
 now only Ruins, with a'a Indian Town about it, 
 and feveral otiiers at a Dillance. Seven Leagius 
 from Bicas \'i'Uraiorca, or A>idai!^uiyla, tlieiice 
 to Ahiticiy II, thence to the iWsxx Apwiihia ti, 
 and from Atinrima 12 nii re to Ciiuo , before we 
 Ipeak of wliich City, we mull return tiwattls 
 
 (ii: unaiiga to give iome Acconii 
 
 t of tlie laiiioiii 
 
 .VLnes of (in.im iv'i> 
 
 I, 8 or 10 Leagues diifant 
 lloai 
 
 f-'in/,ia. 
 
 .j.<i 1 e.ig 
 
 let witi 
 
 Mines, 1 
 
 half line 
 
 which t! 
 
 of .S'. 7/- 
 
 the Kill 
 
 tliis I'rov 
 
foyob.Vfilni, 
 wii, cuU'd 
 fiyobJi/:b.i, 
 na. 
 
 lacious and 
 ICC Mni)tlicr 
 '?, t!u- firft 
 d lias fcvc- 
 ■olnin-.b.i zy 
 ■- 8 , wliere 
 .- will work 
 ' ^i/:cosy^nd 
 \v IS one of 
 i T(.Tn\ilcof 
 it. s\ t pve- 
 ,ca!i Ac a.i.u 
 wiAwt Way, 
 t •, it is pU'ci- 
 lor tlieCon- 
 ii.in Tovvivj 
 
 , which Z:i- 
 '< ■-■«, and all 
 Sarives war- 
 jtnpal's about 
 Teii Leaj^ut's 
 
 of T:f' Mll.t , 
 
 ouiin^ to it 
 levoiicl which 
 vond that a- 
 wiit tl'.c great 
 t famous I'ort 
 iniiii^througH 
 liev'd to take 
 land I'tovin- 
 This Valley 
 ^nd 4 or 5 in 
 
 of the /'.?:". 
 
 Ihowy Mor.ii- 
 dilhuit from 
 nsof liid.nns, 
 aiu a.nd IrrM- 
 
 of i'. Jolw > 
 ^ucs over the 
 y of X.iiixr, 
 ancient Stru- 
 liands in 13 
 n 70 and 80 
 f from Liin.J, 
 ^ of excellent 
 ine til'd, and 
 ;veral Mona- 
 
 nohlc Holpi- 
 ; IS temperate 
 Ucnt Wheat, 
 
 e Ipoken ot, 
 
 lenty ofCat- 
 incs of Gold, 
 load [tone. 
 
 tnp.i are two 
 oat Palace of 
 
 Centre, and 
 lent in Tt'^s 
 r,vn ahiHit It, 
 even Leai^iu'i 
 
 ■/jy/.i, ih.;iice 
 
 1 , before we 
 urn tuvanls 
 f the iaiiiou» 
 ;i.;ues dillant 
 
 "P E R V. 
 
 from Gii:t»iant!,a North-weft , .ivd cali'd by the 
 Svtniards, I.l ylffienio dc Oraficft, yii-ldiiiu, a vafl 
 Qiiantitv ofQiiick-filver, of mitihtv life for Clcan- 
 fing the Silvi'r tjiken out of tlie Mines. The Na- 
 tives knew notliinj; of this Metal, but dug out 
 the fcrmillio/i, which runs in tlie ^'cin with it, 
 to Paint thtmltlves •, nor did the Spni! ids them- 
 felves know it till the Year i06, when one Henry 
 Carces , a Portiipjicfc , wlio had feen the Quick- 
 filver Mines mSpii'm found it out:, for the Quick- 
 filver does not run I iqnid in tlie \'ein as many 
 imaf!,'ne, but is (olid mix'd with the Vermilion •, 
 and this Mineral is beaten fmall and put intf> Cru- 
 cibles, where the Metal running, all the Qtiick- 
 lilver evaporates with the Smoke, and as foon as 
 it cools •, or meets with anv other Body it falls 
 down ayiiti 1 i'l'Mfi, as we fee it, which the Cu- 
 rious may fee at l.iri',e in Anjtt. Nor is there 
 any Dana,er in the liicging of it, which many 
 conceit, but all the Hurt is in the Smoke that ri- 
 fes from meltm.', , and therefore tliey come not 
 near it till quite cokl, when it does no farther 
 llavm. Of thisQiiick-filver between 6 and 7000 
 Qiiintals, or hnndred VVeiiilit isfpent every Year 
 in r-.fining the I'late at Potvfi. To return to 
 
 The/'ity o^Cnlin, it was the Metropolis of 
 Pan, the Court of the /wi;.M and nohUft of their 
 Cities, featcd Ml 13 De?,rces and a half of South 
 Latitude, i;o leai'.nesEaft from /.//;;.i, on a lurd 
 rugged Ciround, cncompafs'd with Mountains. It 
 is diviaed into two Parts,w!iich arc i-/.i/i.ni-CitJco^ 
 the t/'/'pf;- Ciifir, and hnrin-Cufca, the LowcrCitfco^ 
 and tliefe into 7 Qmrters or Wards, and 5 Sub- 
 urbs. On the Top of tlie Mountain Sicfihiuwt, 
 which hangs over tlie City, the /^ig.is have a Ca- 
 ff |e, the Ruins whereof ftill fliow it was a won- 
 deti'ul Strudhirc, the Stones of it being of fuch a 
 Prodigious Magnitude, that no Man can imagine 
 how the Iiidi.ws dclfituteof all Iron Tools could 
 cut tiiem , or how they could bring them 6 or 7 
 I casques witiiojt Horles, or Carts, and even acrols 
 great Rivers: and laflly, Iiow they could joyn 
 them fo nicely without Liine, <'rot!ier Cement. 
 Tliis they who dellre more Particulars may fee 
 farther del'crib'd md.irc'.l.iSfo^ '/,ir^H\ and Luct. 
 The Streets of the City arc long, but narrow :; 
 the Iloufes of MnlViveStone,aud it has 4 Churches, 
 befides as manv .Monafteries, a College t>f lefiiits, 
 and (oiiie Hofpitals. In the midff of it is a Spring, 
 wiiofe Water congeals o'i it felf into pure Salt. 
 3COO Sp.mtuids and icooo fmli.vis inhabit this 
 Ilace, which is alto a Bilhoprick, and the Trea- 
 firre found hi if, when the Sp.mi.inls came firll 
 \' ,-.s incredil'.le, belkles what has been often found 
 fince in places under Ground , which have been 
 accidental^ dileover'd. 
 
 [•'our Leagues North-eaft from Cifc in the de- 
 lightful and fertile \'alley of niaty, whither they 
 fend tlic Sirk from Oijco, to recover their Health. 
 On tlie Weft is that of Cni7bih1l1.11 :, Eathvard 
 towards tlie y^'ida that of Fik.-.h.imha , wliere 
 the Spwi.iriis have the Town of S. Francis dc li 
 f-'.'r ';;■;..', among the Mountains Andes \ and laflly, 
 .|.o I e.igues South is the \'alley of Carabuv.i, be- 
 let with Mountains, and in it the rich (jold 
 Mines, whith yield it 24 and 23 Carats and a 
 l\ilf fine, and lomeil'Vics in large Pieces, near to 
 which the i'poiiirds have built the fmall Town 
 of .S'. ;Y/.'..',-; Jcl Oi-i) , or i'cldin S. Join , which is 
 ilie bill Place vve have Occalioii to fpeak ofm 
 this Province. 
 
 ^97 
 
 I us Charcas, or la Plata. 
 
 The latter Name given it from its Capital City 
 fo caird. Its Length from Eaft to Weft is about 
 ISO League?, where molt, and the Breadth from 
 North to South along the Sea Coall 150. On the 
 North it borders all along upon the I'rovince of 
 Pent, properly fo cali'd, Kallward for the moft 
 part on S.u.ta Cuz. dc l.i Sicir.i •, Southward on 
 liiciimM and Chile., and the Weft fide is waOi'd 
 by the South Sea. 
 
 The Scafons here are the Rcvcrfe of Fitrope .^ 
 our Summer is their Winter and their Winter 
 our Summer, as lying between 17 and 25 De- 
 grees of South Latitude, and the Cold is much 
 niore prevalent than the Heat \ yet there are 
 \ alleys, encompafs'd with high Mountains, which 
 are hot and fruitful. The reit of the Land is 
 generally barren , as to bearing of V\ heat and 
 other Grain-, but abounds in Pafturc, cipecially 
 in tlie large Province of Coll.w^ and about the 
 Banks of the Lake Titiaua \ more particularly 
 It is 1 xcellent for feeding of Sheep, whereot there 
 are great Multitudes, and haveverv fine WooL, 
 but above all the Plenty of Silver Mines and <Jther 
 Metals is here flupendious. 
 
 This Province is divided into feveral Dif\rii.^s, 
 whereof that cali'd 1 1 CjIIw is the largelf and 
 moft populous of all Ptrn., extending i-.alhvard 
 to the Andes, Wefhvard to the Siiuwy Moun- 
 tains, Northward the Territory of Cujco, and 
 Soutliward L.i Plar.i and L< S.cn.i. All this 
 Country is plain, water'd by many Rivers, and 
 confe<iuently valUy Rich in Flocks of Sheep. 
 The Cold is more intenfe than in any Part of 
 Pcrii^ except the fnowy Mountains, and the Rea- 
 fon they think is, becaule this Plain is as high as 
 they •, and this Coklnefs is the Caule that it yields 
 not much Grain , which makes the People feed 
 on the Roots they call P.ip.u. The Natives are 
 of a ready Wit and Induftrious, and underftood 
 the Couri'e of the Sun and Moon, and reckon'd 
 by Months and Years, before the coming of the 
 ypiniards. Here following the High Way from 
 Ciijco^ we meet with the Lake Tnictci, where 
 the great Road made by the JniKK, before fpo- 
 kcn of divides it felf, on both fides tlic laid 
 Lake. 
 
 This lake Tiiicnca ^ tlie l.argeft yet known 
 of in the South America , is in the Middle of 
 r.l ColLw , about whofe Hinks there are abun- 
 dance of Indian Towns, as there arc in the l(;ve- 
 ral fmall Hlands within it. The Compafs of it 
 is about So Leagues, and the Depth in Come Pla- 
 ces reaches to 70 or 80 I-athom , and it fwells 
 with Storms, as if it were an Ann of the Sea, 
 tho' it be 60 Leagues from it. Aiofl.i tells us a- 
 bove 10 confiderable Rivers fall into this Lake, 
 which has but one Outlet, not large but deep, 
 along which the Water runs lb fwift, that there 
 is no building either a Wooden or Stone Bridge 
 oyer it •, ^et the W.'./«j havecontriv'd a Bridge 
 of Straw and Rullies ty'd m Bundles, and made 
 fall to both Banks witli Ropes, lb tliat both Men 
 and Beafts loaded pafs over wiiiiout any Dan- 
 ger, and it rills !o lightly upon the V\ atcr, that 
 giving no Oppofition, it ealil\, luhlifts. In the 
 1 ake grow a fort of Rullies cali'd Toio,.i^ which 
 the Natives eat, and feed Swine, I lories and o- 
 ther Beafts with them-, they ferve to thatch their 
 Houfes to make Boats, fjr Fuel and many otiicr 
 
 llfes. 
 
 ■:|*' 
 
 (.^ ! , 
 
 m 
 
 i 
 
 IM' 
 
 11: 
 
 1 i 
 
 I I 
 
 I 
 
 { 
 
 .mi 
 
 f' 
 
zpS 
 
 T E RV. 
 
 Uffs. The Water is not fait, hut mudcK' and 
 unfit to drink. For 1-ilh it has but of twotoits, 
 the one rall'd Bo!i,.i: and the other Siichosy neither 
 of them very good •, but there is on it an innd- 
 nierable Multitude of Geefe, Ducks, and otiicr 
 Water-Fowl. The Out-let having run near 50 
 leagues, forms another fmaller lake, call'd r.nlu, 
 or di Aidagas, in which there are feveral 1 Hands, 
 but no other Out-let to it, whiili makes many 
 believe that it has fome fubterraneous Rilfai'.e in- 
 to the South Sea, and the railicr Iietaule not far 
 from it, there is a River that runs to tlie Sea, 
 whofe fource cannot be f )Und. The I and about 
 the Lake is full of Cattle, clpecially Swine, be- 
 caufe of the Totor.t Rulbes, wlnili tliofe Crea- 
 tures delight in, and fattens them extreamly. 
 
 Palling along the great lload by abundance of 
 Indi.m Towns, on the WelUrn Liaiik of ilie Lake, 
 the next Diftrift is that of Chiqitiio , niliabitcd 
 by manv Thoufandsof Native^ among whom the 
 Jcp.ilts have (everal Schools, and the Spvudrds a 
 Town of the fame Name, the Government where- 
 of is worth above 400CO Ducats a Year. Beyond 
 the Out-let, is a finall huU.m Town, in wliich 
 there are Ancient Struftures of marvellous Mag- 
 nificence, and beyond them a Hill wall'd in, and 
 on it two Statues of Men, of a Gigantick Sta- 
 ture, with long Robes,and N'eils over their Heads, 
 nothing like w'hat the Ptruvians wear, and feeni 
 tob.' carv'd by excellent Statuaries, whereof the 
 Natives can give no Account \ as Ciez.a and Gani- 
 lijfo write. 
 
 JSJHcJha Scnmra de la Paz., otherwife call'd Pite. 
 Ho Nuevo, is on the Eaft of the Lake, at a great 
 Diftancc from it, a Town taking up a Imall Valley 
 among the Mountains which (belter it from the 
 Winds, the Winter being very lliarp , and but 
 io Leagues from the y^Wf.f. TheTi itory yields 
 little Corn, but lias (;old Mines and much Salt, 
 This Town is in the Territory cail'd f-lmquitibo. 
 Proceeding along the Out-let of the great Lake, 
 follows the Territory call'd I'aria, full of Indian 
 Towns, and turning thence towards the Mowv 
 t\\w Aiide<, that of C/J«^;^y.'/f/7, where ftands the 
 Metropolis of this I'rovince , fometiincs call'd 
 CXuqiiif.ii\i, but more generally La rt.ua ^ 18 
 Leagues Eall from Potofi. Here refides the Sove- 
 reign Court of the Province dt los Ch.ric.u, and 
 tliereforc it is very populous, and has ftvcral Mo- 
 nafleries and a Cathedral, tlie Hilhop's Revenue 
 being worth 80CCO Ducats a Year. All th . Coun- 
 try about is full of rich Silver Mines, which gave 
 the Name ta the Town. Beltdes thole in it, tliere 
 are llveral Hundred Spumards living in Country 
 Houles, aiicl many Tnoulhnd liidi.nis Tnbutaiy 
 to thun, all extraordinary rich. 
 
 Twi-iity two 1 eagues from Piii<{t to the Eaft- 
 waid is aiKitl'.ir Town call'd Of(4<y,(, tlie Inlia- 
 bita-its whereof make a great Trade ot carrying 
 tlieir Corn and Cattel to that City. T hirty 
 leagues to t!ie F.afVward ol (.'ljitijii:f.ira, there are 
 three little Towns, winih (Irve as KortrtHes a- 
 gainll tlieC/;n/i,/((W(/i, an Inland People not well 
 iiibdu'd. 
 
 The Imperial City of Poto/i , as the Spa>ii)nds 
 call It, Hands in 21 Degrees ot South latitude, 
 18 Leagues V\ill from La Pitta, feo Ealhvard 
 from Aricaun the South Sea, and above 350 from 
 Hiu>:as Ayns, or the gre.it River of PLiu., inha- 
 bited by 5 or 6cco ^pai.'iards, and a much grea- 
 ter number of Strangers i for Traders relort to 
 it ficm all Parts, and no fewer idle Pei>ple, who 
 
 have iiotiiing to do but Game and make Mcrryj 
 Above ^Gcoo Iiidi.it.'i are contiiuially in the Sub- 
 urbs, vvlio come far and near to work in the 
 .Mines, beraufe the Pay is very great, and very 
 often they give the Proprieti-r io much a Day, 
 and make alt they can of a Mine, bv which they 
 enrich themfelves prodigioudv. In the City there 
 are feveral .Monafleriesol Religious Men and Wo- 
 men, and a College of Jejiiir.'. Acofia fays, all 
 the Country about is extreme Cold, barren and 
 deilitiite ot all Tilings necefliiry for the fupport 
 of lluiiian Life \ yet the Plenty of Silver has not 
 only made it fo populous, but brings the greateft 
 Plenty of Provifions and all other Necefiaries, or 
 Conveniences from the remoteft Parts, fo that no 
 Place is better ferv'd. The Mountain of Potofi 
 appears above the refl, like a Sugar Loaf, natu- 
 rally difficult of Accel's, but now Horfes go up. 
 Tlie Bottom of it takes up a league, and the Top 
 ends ill a Point. At the Foot of this is a Part 
 of the Mountain, proceeding from the great one, 
 wiierc level al Hat Pieces of natural pure Silver 
 liavc been found. This is call'd Uttle Potofi, and 
 on the fuie of it begin the Buildings of the Spa- 
 niards and Indians, being aluioll two Leagues in 
 Compafs, fo that it is the largell City in Peni. 
 The Mines here were not known to the Ing.ts of 
 Pan, but accidentally difcover'cl by an Indian 
 12 Years after the coming in of the Spaniards, 
 and were four in Number, Co rich, that none in 
 the World could ever compare to them ; for al- 
 moft half tlie Ore was at firll pure Plate , and 
 the King's fifth Part of them for feveral Years 
 amounted to at leaft a Million of Pieces of Eight 
 a Year , and there is no Doubt but that he was 
 cheated of half. Another excellency of thefe Mines 
 is, that at loo Fathom depth, they find no Wa- 
 ter ; but to eal'e that immenfe finking downright, 
 in many Places they di^ in at the Side of the Hill 
 and meet the \\i,is upon the Level, which are 
 fometimcs larger , and fometimes fmaller , fome 
 richer, loine poorer iii Ore i but the Vein is al- 
 ways found to run between two RfKks, the one 
 fideot which is mucli harder than the other, and 
 thofe Rocks, they call the Box, or the Cafe. 
 
 Having extencled fo much on account of this 
 beloved .Metal, it will be grateful to add a Word 
 more concerning the manner of deanfing and 
 refining it, wherein we (liall Hill follow Acofla. 
 All the Ore is carried on Sheeps Backs to the 
 Mills. ^ When broken and bruis'd, the rich Ore 
 is refin'd by melting only in Crucibles, where 
 the Drofs fettles to the bottom, the Lead which 
 is always mix'd with it, lies on the Drofs, and 
 the pure Silver fwims 011 tlie Lead. An hun- 
 dreH weight of Ore will yield 30, 40^ or 50 
 piece of Eight of pure Silver by this way of melt- 
 liig-, nay lome has yielded 200, and jjo, but 
 tliat is rare. The poor Ore is that which of 
 an huiicjred Weight yields 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 pie- 
 ces ot V:vA\x. at moll, and this being hard and 
 dry, wirTiout mixture of Lead , cannot be re- 
 fin'd by Fire, and therefore valt quantities of 
 it lay about Potcfi, as meer Drofs, till the dean- 
 fing vvitii Quicklilver was brought into u(e, which 
 is thus. The Ore is ground in the Mills, and 
 then lifted tlirough Wire Sieves, very dole. Tlie 
 fine Stulf is put into Troughs , where it is 
 teinper'd with Brine, allinviiig five hundred 
 VV eight of Salt to every fifty ot pounded Ore, 
 which lerves to lool'en the Plate nom the Clay. 
 The'i tliey Iiiiiee7e the Qiicklilver on it thro' 
 
 aHollaiid 
 
 have 
 
P E KV. 
 
 199 
 
 a Holland Cloth , wliirfi makes it fall like .1 
 l>w, working and ftirring all cotitinually, that 
 they may mix, and inrorpoiatc The better to 
 brin!^ this to p;i!s, thcv make a i!,entlc Fire in 
 Vanits inukr the Troughs, and that heat makes 
 the Qiiickfilver operate, and cliin; to the l^late 
 m 5 Days, whereas before, wlien tlie^ did it 
 by the heat of the Sun, it took np 20 Days', 
 and tpiich Labour to work it to^;clIier over and 
 over. When the Quickfilver and l'i;itc arc vvell 
 incorporated, the Ore is all put into VelRls of 
 Water, where ftirring it rontmually about, all 
 the Clay and Eartli waflies off, and tlie two 
 Metals (ink to the bottom. This they fqneeze 
 in Cloths, through which much of tlie Qinck- 
 iilver will drop, the reft remains in a Mafs witli 
 the Silver, and that thev put over a fierce lire, 
 with a hollow VelTel over it. Tlie tire expelU 
 all the Mercury , which the hollow Veflel re- 
 ceives, and the i'late remains in a Mafs, full of 
 holes, like a Honey comb, where the Qiiickfilver 
 has Hown out of it. We have exceeded on the 
 Account of this precious Metal, they who dc- 
 fire more Particulars, may fee tliem in Acofiit, 
 
 Porco is another Town 6 Leagues Weft from 
 La Plata ^ where were once the iamoufeft Mines 
 of Pcr/f, before the discovery ofPorofi, but much 
 decay'd by reafon of their being io much inieft- 
 ed with Water. Continuing on the way hence 
 to the Sea, we come to the famous Port of Aii- 
 cti, in 19 Degrees, 20 Minute-- of South Latitude, 
 well fortified of l;ite Years againft the attempts 
 of Pirates, becaufe all the Plate of Potfji, and 
 other Parts thereabouts, is brought down hi- 
 ther on Sheep, and here lliipp'd off (or /,</«,(, and 
 this is the only Place of Note of tliis Province 
 on the Coaft. 
 
 Having I'poken fo fully of all Places, and mat- 
 ters of Note in this Province, it will be need- 
 lefs to add any more relating to things of lefs 
 Confeqiience. What other Towns there are, 
 liave not any thing that can require a Ipecial 
 mention, and to run through all the Indian Names 
 of Tribes, whjcli are alinoft as many as Towns, 
 would not afford any matter of Information, 
 and therefore we proceed to the next Province, 
 whicli is 
 
 La Sierra, or Santa Cru7. de la Sierra, 
 Lies up the Inland, has Los Charcaj for its boun- 
 
 dary on tlie Weft, on the North for the moft 
 part the Inland Countries little known , anc! 
 much of the fime fort on the Weft , and 
 South •, the Name of Lt Sierra fignifying the 
 Mountain taken from its Pofition among them, 
 and the addition of Santa Cruz., or the Holy 
 Crofs given to the Capital City. 
 
 The City bearing the fame Name of Santa Cruz, 
 etc it Sierra^ is about icxj Leagues to the Eaft- 
 ward of La Plata, on the Road to the ^ffum- 
 piion, in Paraguay. The Country about it is 
 icarcc of Water, yet not barren , as bearing 
 Wheat, Indian Corn, and Wine. Its Situation 
 a Plain, extending far, the Houfescover'd with 
 Palm-Tree Leaves, and by it runs a Brook, if- 
 luing from a Rock, and forming a Lake 4 Leagues 
 from it, whence it is plentifully provided with 
 Filli, as it is from the Neighbourhood with all 
 Fruit of thofe Parts. 
 
 The Natives of this Pr.jvince formerly liv'd iu 
 Houfcs ol Clay, and gather'd the Rain-Water 
 in Wells , or Cifterns, yet they often fuffer'd 
 to Extremity for want of it, and were cruelly 
 infefted by their Neighbours the Chcrigitanes , and 
 Titanes, who enjoy a fertile Soil 35 Leagues from 
 them, and are great Man-eaters. Twenty five 
 Leagues from the City is the Territory of the 
 Paicanas, where there are Ciourds of fuch a pro- 
 digious bignefs, that the Shells of them hold a 
 quarter Cask of Wine, and the Natives ufe them 
 inftead of Chefts, to put up their Cloaths, and 
 other Goods. Their Country is fubjeft to much 
 Heat and Cold, only inverting our Seafons. The 
 Natives are of a bafeand dull Difpofition, with- 
 out am 'nduftrv. The Men wore lool'e Robes 
 of Oftrich Feathers, and tlie Women others 
 f^raiter, of Peru Woolly at prcfent they all ufe 
 (Cotton. 
 
 There are fome other fmall Towns of Spaniards 
 in this Country, and many of Natives, and a- 
 mong thefirft, S.-orwtr, Santa Oiiz. la Niitva 
 Jffm Maria, &c. Of all which it w^ould be fu' 
 pcrfluous to make any particular Dclcription, 
 nor indeed do any Travellers, or Hiftorians fur- 
 iiilh us with any thing of Moment concerning 
 them, for being very near the barbarous Nati- 
 ons, and dertitute of Gold or Silver Mines 
 they are not as yet any way timous. 
 
 V 
 
 & 
 
 '-■•8 
 
 i 
 
 CHAP. XIV. 
 
 Containing the Hiftorical Account of PERU. 
 
 [i^. 
 
 ■i: 
 
 IT is moft certain, that before the coming of 
 the Spiiniardi , the Peruvians had no know- 
 ledge of Letters, Charafters, or any (brr 
 of Writing, any more than the reft of the Indi- 
 .rw, and \et they Iiad Methods to preierve their 
 Ancient Hiftory, and good Order in things re- 
 lating to their Government, In order to it, they 
 were very ex.i^ in their Iratlitioti , which '-e 
 Youth rccciv'd from their tiders, and delivci'd 
 to their ( hiklren, as a thing Sacred. Kcfides 
 this, they had a lort of Pifhires to (upply the 
 want ot V\ritingi but the moft woiiderlul, and 
 unintelligible thing to us, were thole thev call'd 
 
 QHibot. -Thofe confifted of abundance of Twifts, 
 or Threads put together, and thofe full of va- 
 riety of Knots, and diverfity of Colours, every 
 one of which fignified fomcthing ^ fo that a 
 bunch of thele Threads was to them inftead of 
 a Book, and by it they told all things in their 
 Hiftoty, knew their laws and Ceremonies, and 
 cart Accompts to Admiration. For the prcferv- 
 itig of thefe Oiiip"!, there were Officers, call'd 
 Qhiipocamiyo.', who were oblig'd togiveanexaft 
 Account of what all thofe things fignified, as the 
 ableft Scholar in Lnrcpe may uo •, having fcve- 
 veral Ouipis for ail different Ufes. This they 
 
 can 
 
 -< ^ 
 
 w 
 
 I !l 
 
J 00 
 
 T E R V. 
 
 can d(! to thi» Davj and an /W/i»by fuch a clu- 
 ftcr of Threads will tell c-xartly vfliat anyOf- 
 ficer IiHs d'liic there for fevcral Vcars , and in 
 all Parts. Others have little Stones, by wliich 
 they remember any tiling they are to learn, and 
 by that means get all the Chrif'tian Doftrine, fo 
 that when they are out, looking upon tlie St(jnes, 
 they fet themrclves ri.;ht again , as we might 
 do by looking in a Hook. Then for the moft 
 intricate Accompt in Arithmetick, they will call 
 it up in a Moment with <jnly a few Cjrains of 
 their Corn, better than an able Actomptant 
 fliall do with his Fen, which muft be wliat is 
 ftill praftis'd among us with Counters. 
 
 Thefe were the Means bv which the Indims 
 fB'cferv'd the Knowledge of tluir Antiquities, and 
 the Kings of 5/).7;« having order'dall tbatcould 
 be learn'd of this fort, to be diligently collefl- 
 ed, and preferv'd •, fcvcral Authors have treat- 
 ed of it, and tlio' they differ in many l^oiiits, 
 that is no more than we kc in our own written 
 Hiftorie', and in the main they agree all welle- 
 iiiiugli, but bccaufe we have not liere room to 
 deliver things more at large, we lliall'contentour 
 felves to follow y/ca/Vj, a learned and judicious 
 Man, who learnt what he delivers, upon the 
 Sppt. 
 
 Kormerly, before the /w,.n had fulidu'd all the 
 Country, there was no Kingdom of any Note, 
 but tlie People liv'd either abfolutely free, or 
 under pettv Princes, ()r Lords, like tlie Caciques 
 of moit other Parts of ^Mf//tv/. Since the /«;;/.( 
 began to reign, is under 4, and above 300 Years 
 before the coming of the Si-ar.iiirds ^ but for a 
 long time their Dominion did not extend above 
 5 or 6 Leagues about the City of Oijio , where 
 they had their Original, and by Ucgiees lirctch'd 
 farther and farther overall the Country we call 
 yfrz/jfrom above i^/rZ/o, and the River /'..y!'o,iii the 
 North 10 Cnilc, in the South being ahnoll ioco 
 1 eagues in Lcii!,t!t. In Breadth from the South 
 Sea, on the Well to the great Plains beyond the 
 long Ridge of the Mountains Andes in the Eall, 
 where is the /«i;-i's Piuar:t^ being a Kortrefs e- 
 rerted to fecure tlie Frontiers on that fide ^ and 
 they went no farther that way, becaule of the 
 immenre Waters, Moraffes, Lakes, and vail Ri- 
 vers there were in the way to obftruft ti'eir 
 PalTagc, fo that it did not exceed an hunc' ed 
 leagues. Thefe Ii!j!,-is lurpals'd all other Nati- 
 ons of Aii:nic.i in the Art ot Government and 
 Politicks, and mucI>inore in Martial Diicipliiie, 
 and Br.ivery. 
 
 Tiie Pretence they had for conquering of that 
 Country, was thel-able, that after the i niverial 
 Deluge, of which they had fomedark Knowledge, 
 tile lnc,M had been the KelU'rers of Mankind, 
 (even of tliein coming out ot the Cave of Pm-,iu- 
 r unho, and therefore all other Men ow'd them 
 Tribute and Subjection, as to their Progenitors. 
 Relides they affirin'd,that they only had the true 
 Religion, ,nid knew how God ought to be I'erv'd 
 and honour'ti, ;iiid theretlne were to niliruaall 
 others, f-oi tliiv Realoii they infilled much on 
 their Rites and Ceremonies tor which tiid they 
 had above 4C'") I'lacesof V\oilliip m C'.i/ta , asa 
 Holy Land, .nid all I'laces about it (.ontain'd 
 liiine Myllci^, and as they comiuti'd, lo they 
 iiurotluc'd theii Religion, flu- piiucipal Objeit 
 of their Adoration, was f'u.noi.ij.i i'iUh.iy.ahit- 
 '''/c, that is, th' Creator of the VVoiiti, and next 
 t"> him,thc Sui\,vho,as well as all their other 0/< 1- 
 
 cas, or Idols, they faid, had their \'irtiic and 
 Being from the Creator, and interceeded witli 
 him. 
 
 The firft Jngi the People of Peru nam?, was 
 AltnAocapi, who, they /cig", after the HcxxJ 
 came out of the Cave of Tumho, 5 or 6 leagues 
 from C«/t'^i and from him delircnded the chief 
 Families of Ingas, the fiulof theincali'd H.mau- 
 ciij'co, and the other Vrinciifco , from the for- 
 mer of them came the Sovereigns, who conquer'd 
 the Country. Inga Roca was the next they men- 
 tion, as head of the Family they call t^iz.iq!iirM 
 who tho' not great, tiril was lerv'd in Gold and' 
 Plate, and order'd that all his Treafure Ihould 
 be dedicated to the Worlhip of his Body, and 
 maintainaiice of his Family, and in his Days they 
 us'd golden Idols. His Succelfor did the fame, 
 and tlience it became a Cuflom, that no Jtig,i 
 Ihould inherit the Wealth or Goods of his Prede- 
 celTor, but furnilli all anew. 
 
 It is here to be obferv'd, that /wg.j among the 
 Peruvians fignifies King, or Kmperour, and C\i- 
 pic Itigi, the only King, which was the Title 
 they gave their Sovereigns, all the Male IfTue 
 being call'd barely Ing.n ., and the Qiieen was 
 call'd Coya. T^gDjrgu.i^mi.i fuccecded J/igaroia^ 
 for the Crown wasilcreditary, and was founder 
 of the Family call'd A.uiili Pa/iacj. 1 lis Son y'lra- 
 rocha Inga fuccecded him, and was wonderful rich 
 ill Gold and Silver, whole Treafure, buried with 
 him, Gonz.alo Pii.,.r,<i found at XiquixagHM/a, and 
 burnt his Body bccaufe the Indians worlhipp'd it j 
 ^et they gather'd the Allies , and ofFer'd Sacn- 
 hce to them, till afterwards thole, and all the 
 Bodies oi the other hgas kept embalm'd, were 
 taken away todefVroy that Idolatry. Tins I>t- 
 g.i was blam'd liir calling himl'elt f^ir.uoch.i, which 
 is the Name of God, and he to excule it, pre- 
 tended that yiracodia had appear'd to him 111 a 
 Dream, and order'd he Ihould do lb. 
 
 Pjch.iciiti Ingi Tiipaiigui reign'd next for 60 
 Years, and was a great Conqucrour. During 
 his Father's Life, it happened that his elder Bro- 
 ther, who govern'd for the old /«<;.), was rout- 
 ed by the C'Miig,is, which are the People of An- 
 d.ign.iyl IS, about 30 Leagues from Ciijco. Here- 
 upon Tiip.mgui gave out, that ^ '.!•.« oc/a/, or God, 
 had appear'd toTiim, and order'd that he lliould 
 raife Forces, and caufe him to be worlliipp'd, as 
 he imght, becaufe Men paid equal Worlhip to 
 the Sun, and other Creaturcs,whereas he was their 
 Creator ■, and that he wo. Id aliifl, and make him 
 \ idorious. He dii^ (ii, thrult out his Father 
 and brother, overthrew the Ch.wg.is , unci then 
 ordain'd that rir,icvitj.i Ihould be held the uiii- 
 verllil lord, and from that time his Idol was 
 fet above that of the Sun, and their other O'w.j- 
 iiis, or Deities. After the \'it"lory, heaquaiiit- 
 ed his Soldiers, that it was not they who gainil 
 It, but certain bearded Men fent him by /^o-j- 
 loclhi, whom he f'aw, tho' they did not, and had 
 been converted into Stones, which were to be 
 found our, tor he lliould know them again. Ac- 
 cordingly he gather'd abundance of Stones near 
 the Mountains, which he appointed for Cj«..t.;/, 
 or Idols, and to them they olier'd Sacrilice, aiict 
 carr-^'d them to their Wars, with allurance of 
 Succelsthrou;'i their aliillance, and through this 
 Conceit they gaiii'd many \ klories. He made 
 a large Statue of Oold , which he call'd LiUita- 
 p.i, and plac'd 11 on a Bier of Gold, much where- 
 ol w.is carrj'd to (.'... v.<//i.j/(rf to ranlom AtMuipa, 
 
 \\heii 
 
•P E R V. 
 
 witli 
 
 when n.-M-rn Iiad him Piifoncr. His Body, 
 witli thofc of many of his Servants t>i atund it, 
 was fonnd afrtr wards atOz/ic/, as entire as if it 
 hiul b-cn alive , and it was fciit io Ldhi, 
 :Mid there kept a \mg time to be fe-.-n b^ tlie 
 Spi'ii.ftli. 
 
 I'op.t lii^.t Tiiptiit:,!ti iK.K his SufcefTor, and at- 
 ti r liim an<itlier afcfndtd the Throne, of tlie fame 
 Nam'. Tlie next was (//.' n7/,;(;.;p.;, wliith Name 
 f|i.',nifies a N'alorons, and Wea'tliy Vontli, and 
 he was bvith, i;overnin!; with Prudence and V\'il- 
 dom, and extei'dini; his Conqr.ells on all fides 
 iiniih finlier tlian any of liis Prcdeiellors, till 
 lie i.\\A at Oii'to. He was ador'd whilll he liv'tl, 
 wliiili t!ie ti:.lidtii aftirm'd had never been done 
 to anv other:, and when he dy'd they ilew a 
 Tl!(!u..nd ol his I'annly, to i;o wait on him in 
 t!ie other \V'oiUl, which they all willingly em- 
 brac'd. Ills Trealiire was immenle, and the 
 Sp.iniii lit coiTiini; in loon after, the hidittiis took 
 careto liide it, tho'tliey '.iftcrwards prodiic'd a 
 lonfiderable lart tor the Ranlbm of his Son A- 
 tthi'.itp.i. \]\s^on,Tja C::J// CiH.ilp.i, wlio after- 
 warcU took the Name of Ora/tw Jugii, afcciided 
 tlic flironeat Cr.Uo \ \n\i Atahu.dp.i, his young- 
 er Brother, rebell'd at Quito, and lent Forces 
 which took the e'.dtr Priloiier alter he had been 
 proclaiin'd Kiiij,. All tlie People were extremely 
 atlliiiU'd at this h.is Misfortune, and not being 
 ab'etoaliill hiili, becauie Ai.iijiialp.i\\\il fuch a 
 powerful Army, they otfei'd up a great Sacrifice 
 to firacotH.i l'atihihtih,ichic,thi: uiiiverlid Creator 
 befecchnig hiin, that fiiice they could not deliver 
 their Sovertii',!!, he would lend People frt>in Hea- 
 ven to do It for tliein. Soon after thiswas done, 
 they receiv'd Advice, that a (hange People co- 
 tnins', by Sea, luid landed, and taken ^^r.j^,/. (/p./, 
 Now this happening loon after their Sacrifice, 
 and thole tliat took lum being lo few, tliey con- 
 cluded they »ere Men lent by God, and tlierefore 
 caird them f.- icail.ii.y a Name given the SpM/i.irdj 
 to this Day. 
 
 After the Death of Atahn.ilpa, and Giuft.i)\ 
 7'/Cii>7o pclFelVd himfelf of a great Part of ilie 
 Kingdom i bu' J. '.;/.;;.v;c.'/)./, another Son to (//(<_).■ 
 }'i(.ip:i, befieg'd liim in Cnjlo, and rcdtic'd him 
 to great ilreiglits, but was at lalt torc'd tode- 
 (ill, and retire to A7/c;//'.;/a/i.( on the Mountains, 
 wliere he defended himlelfby tlieiiacural tlrcngtli 
 ot the I'lace, as did his SntceiUns, till A/ii.iro, 
 one of them, was taken, and publickly executed 
 111 the Market place o( Oijco , to the unl'peaka- 
 ble Sorrow ot ilie liid'uwi. Alter him leveral o- 
 thers of tlie Kamily were made Priloners. One 
 Ih'ii Cir/o:, Cirandlon to (.nt.iyriacap.i , aid Son 
 to A;/'/, became a C'hrillian, and always favour'd 
 
 ^01 
 
 the SihinJjy 
 
 agaiiilt Al.ii.gocap.i. When the 
 
 Marquelst/f C.wc.c was X'lceroy, S.iynropiihig.t 
 came from i'ilc.ib,ih,ba to the City (if Lima, 
 where he lubinitted, and had the \ alley of Tu- 
 ivj) and other Lands given him, which his Daugh- 
 ter inherited. 
 
 Hitherto we have foUow'd AcojIa in this brief 
 Account of the Reigns of the lng:s, now^ we will 
 add a f.-v V\'ords < ut of Garcd.iljo concerning 
 their Oovtrr.ment. They had divided their Do- 
 minions into tour Parts, aniwering to theQjiar- 
 tersof the World, and all thePeople were locli- 
 ih-ibiited, that there were Oificers to every Ten, 
 to every Hfty, every Hundred, and every Tliou- 
 I'aud, who were to lee they wanted liir nothing, 
 and committed no 'k '!fcnce, Co that the J-yi knew 
 
 cxaftlyhow many SubieAs he had, and ui every 
 \ illage there were Indges, who decided all 
 (A)ntroverlies without Appeal, the ///>;-» himfelf 
 determining all Difputes bet ween Pro. inces. The 
 People pay'd the greateil 1 lonourhnaginable to 
 their Sovereigns, and they had fecret Spies in 
 all Parts, who gave them notice of any Mif- 
 demcanours, which they caus'd to be fevcrely 
 punilh'd. The Kings were abfolute over the E- 
 rtates and Perlons of their Subjects, fo that they 
 took filch of their Daughters a^ they pleas'd, ci- 
 ther for their Concubines or Servants \ and it 
 was a general Rule among them to Marry their 
 own ekiell Sifters, wlio dying, or proving bar- 
 ren, they Marry'd the next, and lb on ^ and 
 tor want of them, the next of Kin. Extraor- 
 dinary Care was taken that the Helds lliould 
 be tiird and fow'd, and becaufe there was want 
 of Water, there were magnificent Conduits in 
 .dl Parts, and Trencher drawn for Rivers. The 
 Land which was fow'd they divided into three 
 Parts, the firft bdongd to the Sun, the next to 
 the King, and the ^d to the Tiller. The King 
 exaftcd no other Duties from his Subjefts but the 
 fowing, reaping, andcarrvingin of his Corn to 
 his Granaries, and the Cloaihs and Anns for 
 his Soldiers, befides the Suthnance of the Poor, 
 wliofe Tribute was a certain number of Lice, 
 that they might not add to their own Milery 
 by being nally. Gold and "Silver they receiv'd 
 from their SubjeiE^s as a Prefent, not a>. any Du- 
 ty, they knowing no other ufeof it but to ad- 
 orn the Temples , and Palaces. Of their fum- 
 ptuous V\orKs and Structures enough has been 
 find in fpeaking of the Places wlicreanyof them 
 were. I 
 
 It has bee.i alfo l;»id, that they ador'd GixJ by 
 the Name of (■^inicoih.i, and under him the Sun ^ 
 to God they gave nothing, becauie he is Lord of 
 all, but to the Sun they otier'd Sacrifice of Sheep, 
 of Corn, of Garments, C>r. and to this pur- 
 pofe they had many Priefls, and one chief of 
 them. They confecrated \ irgins to the Sun at 
 8 Years of Age, like the Kommi f'lfl.d N'lrgins, 
 of wliifh there were near looo in the City of 
 C///(tf, who never went abroad, but were em- 
 ploy'd in Ipinning for the King and Queen. They 
 alio made the Bread us'd at Sacrifices, as alio 
 the Liquor call'd Aca, for the Iiii\a and his Fa- 
 mily to drink oa Felliyals •, and all the Velfels 
 they us'd were either of Silver or (jold. 
 
 To fay foinething of the Difcovery and Con- 
 quell of this Kingifom, after fome vain Attempts 
 to the Southward from Vanama^ by I'erlbns who 
 met, w'ith nothing but Difcouragements, Franca 
 1 :l,.irrt.; James dc Abiiagro, and icrdinaiui de 
 L.'ir/iie, in the Year 1534, join'd Partners for 
 this Undertaking. A Ship was bought, in which 
 Piz.arro fail'd to Port I'imiM , near the Line, 
 where he landed his Men in a Country belong- 
 ing to a Cacique, call'd /.'««, or Biri::/uetf, from 
 whom it is fiippjjd h^ Corruption the Spa- 
 niards afterwards gave that Name to all this 
 great .Monarchy. theNatwes here fled before 
 them, and they, after travelling three LXiys with 
 (carce any Provilion, through a rocky 5 iiupeiie- 
 tt.ibie Couiur\, retiirn'd to thtir Ship, and 
 laild ten Leagues farther to i'vrl tammc , lo 
 calld, hecaule iome d\'d there for Hunger. He 
 ci)ntiiiued Ills Dilcover\ with unlpeakable hard- 
 llnps, which, as well as the J/idi:i.:>, dellroy'd 
 many of his Men. A'l.-i.-yo was not idle the 
 T t '. mean 
 
 \i 
 
 m 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 t 
 
;oi 
 
 T E K V. 
 
 mun while, lie fitted mit .iiiotber Ship , and 
 fteer'e! the nimeCourli: with riolefsSHffermi',s, at 
 length he met P/tiino and his Men, whom, aftor 
 confultinR together, he left afhore, and reiuni'd 
 to Prtmima for more Men. He came hack with 
 that Reinforcement, and they advanc'd, but with 
 no better Succels than before, for they loft many 
 of their Men, and having proceeded only as far 
 as Tut'ilxz, made their way back again to Pa- 
 M.wiit for Supplies. There the (jovernour rcfus'd 
 to expofe any more Men to be loft 'a the reft 
 had been , whereupon Piz.ar,o went away to 
 Spttm in the Year 1527, where he obtain'd a 
 Grant of the Kmg for carryine on his Dif- 
 covery, and making fuch Conquelts ashelliould 
 think fit, and accordingly be made what Provi- 
 fi'm he could for his Expedition at Sevil, and 
 went over to Nombrc dc Dios, and thence to P.i- 
 tmm.t. In the Year 1^30 he fet out a5;ain for 
 I'erri, Landed his Horle attheBav call'd 6'. /l/.i- 
 teo, and Coarted along with the Ships, plunder- 
 ing an Indiati To\sn call'd Quaquc in the way, 
 where was found a mighty Booty in (iold. Sil- 
 ver, and Emerauids, which he lent back to /'/w/j 
 »ia, and Aiicay.tgua^ to fetch more Men and other 
 Necediiries. This done, and a Ship iiavinc brought 
 him Ibme Supplies from P.niam ;, lie advanc'd lo 
 Pnerto Citjo, and tlieiice went over to the I- 
 lland I'lin/i, where he continued till thefollow- 
 ii'g Year 1571, when two Sliips joui'd him with 
 Supplies. With this Reinforcement he fail'd to 
 Titmhe:., whtre alter feveral Ihiall Encounters 
 with the Natives, Iw founded the Town of S, 
 Michael, the firft in that Kingdom, which ftill 
 continues, tho' a little remov'd from the firft 
 Situation. 
 
 It happen'd fortunately for the Sp.tnla>ds, that 
 at this ti ae the Kingdom of Pent was divided 
 in ht felf ■, Omtfcar, the elder Brother having been 
 Proclaim'.l /w^j , or KingatOf/ro, tlie Capital 
 City, and v^Mfcw/p/, the younger Brother, I'up- 
 ported by the Army ufurping the liime Dignity 
 in Onito, and overthrowing his Brotliir iii the 
 Country of the P.ilt.n, whereupon he march'd 
 on to^vards ChJco, but ftopp'd at C.ixain.tlct, 
 upon the News of the Spwi.irds being in Tiiw- 
 ha, and lent part of his Forces againli Gu.ifcar, 
 wliich defeatecl him twice, and at laft took him 
 [•'rifoner. PiLarro at this time had but 200 Men 
 with hire, which At.ihualpn undcrftauding, he 
 macie lliglit of fo inconfiderable an Ei, -my, and 
 .ipplied himfelf to fettle his AlFairs at Home. 
 However Vi-:^tirro,m September IJ32, fet out from 
 his new Town of S./Uichael with a Relijiution to 
 proceed tnCixa>/t,ilcA to lee y/f,;««,(/p,/, the whole 
 Force he hid witli him being onl'- 67 Horle, and 
 I iG l-o'it, among all whom there were but 3 or 
 .). Muskets , of which Number 5 Horfemen , 
 and 4 Foot Soldiers with Leave return'd to the 
 Town of S. Alich.icl, 
 
 About the begiiniingof the Year \'iii.,Pi^arrn 
 came to Ciwim.ilcit, where At,ihu<iipa expefted 
 Inm witli 100)00 Men, refolviiig to deltroyall 
 ihe Spurii.rrJs, whoeiured the Place in good or- 
 der , as knowing the Reception that was de- 
 lign'd tliem. Ata'hu.dpt came into the Market- 
 place with 80CO .\ieii, the reft of his l-orces 
 following, and orticr d them to fie/.e all the 
 Strangers, and ni)t (iirfer one to cfcape, nor (o 
 much iis a Dog. Hereupon Pi^:ino gave rlie Sig- 
 
 nal for hisMen to fall oii,which they did with fuch 
 furv, th.it the Wwwi nor expeftiin', an Attack, 
 fled with fo much Piecipitation that they tore 
 down one another. Piz-airo himfelf with 15 Men, 
 made up lo the /'/^ii, and took him Prilimer. 
 When he had been fome time confin'd, tho' with 
 civil Ulage, heolfti'd icooo Ingots of Gold, and 
 a great Room full of filver N'cflels for his Ran- 
 fom, which being accepted of, he lent to Cujco 
 and all other Parts to have all that could be found 
 of thofe Metals brought to him with all pofti- 
 ble Expedition. His lorce:^, as was laid before, 
 had taken his Brother f/.v.j/i/r, wlio was brought 
 towards Cax.imalc.i, and by his Order put to 
 Death on the Road. \'aft heaps of Treafure were 
 brought from Culty for the /;/^.i's Ranfome, and 
 at tile fame time the fam(JUf Temple of Pacha- 
 lam.i was llripp'd of all its Wealth, wiiicli a- 
 mounted to 900C0 CiflclLittoi, worth about 8 
 Shillings each, belides what the Soklieis ftole, 
 and tlie Priefts !iad before conceal'd, thought to 
 be much the greater Q,iaiitity. Now was Pi^arro 
 reniforc'd by his olcl Partner Atnutjixo , who 
 brought him 200 Men. After Iiisarrival,there being 
 repeated Information tliat the Ing.i underhan:! 
 contrive! the Deftruftion of all tlie Sfi.im- 
 iirdi , and no fecurity for lo.fmall a Nim- 
 bcr aguinft the Power ot fo great a Prince, h: 
 was put toDcatii, whicli caus'd an univerfal la- 
 mentation iliroughout all the Kingdom, and Tu- 
 pDp.t, a Son oi Uu.iyn.tctp.i, was chol'en hisSuc- 
 cedbr by con fen t not only of the Natives, hut 
 of Piz..ir)o himfelf, who immediately advanc'd 
 towards Cirfco , and coming to the delicious Val- 
 ley of A'unxa had there feveral Encounters with 
 the I/idi.iru, whom he as often routed with great 
 Slau;ihter,aiid at length arriv'dat C«/to,the C,- 
 nital City of that Empire,where Af.vi^o /»g.j,who 
 had abetter Right to the Crown than the other 
 before-meiuion'cl, being able to make no Oppoii- 
 tion, put himfelf into the Hands of tht: Sp imards, 
 and was coiirteoully receiv'd. Tlie Inhabitants 
 all Hed, letting Fire to tlie City in feveral Place^, 
 whid} the Spmiards put out, and found immenle 
 Treafure in it. 
 
 After fubduiiig the Country about Cufco , Pi- 
 :^.iyi-a inarch'd into the Plains, and founded the 
 City of Liw.-i, I'lnce the Capital of tliat Empire. 
 The Natives being pretty well brougiit into I'ub- 
 jeftion, there happen'd to be much Variance be- 
 tween Piz.:t>ro and jilm.tpro, who were at firft 
 reconcil'd, the latter going away UiChile. Mim- 
 go Irigit however gave the Spnnuirds much Trou- 
 ble, but he was ftill defeatecl, and all tJiofe Ene- 
 mies drove far olf , and the Country might have 
 been loon (ettled in Peace could the Conquerours 
 have agreed among tlieml'elves \ but the Diffe- 
 rences increafing between the Faiff ions of Almn- 
 gro and Pi:.4no, after long Treaties, and many 
 endeavours of Accommodation, in the Year 1538 
 they came to a Battel, in which the former was 
 routed, and taken, and fome time after put to 
 Deatli. Next follow'd tlie Rebellion of tlie Pt- 
 zjinocs, which ended in their utter Ruin, but 
 that being foreign from our Purpofe , we mult 
 refer the Reader to fee it in Hineri, J.tmes Fcr- 
 >i.mdei., and others, who have treated of tliofe 
 Wars, whilft we proceed to tliofe Countries that 
 lie next in our Way. 
 
 CHAP 
 
PJ 
 
 CHAP. XV. 
 
 Of the unconquerM vaft Provinces comprehended under the Names of 
 CARIBANA, GUIANA, CAYANA, and EL 
 DORADO. 
 
 T His great Portion of the Continent is fo 
 little known, that to pretend to give a 
 true Dcfcription of it, would be or.iy 
 irtiporin{> upon the Reader, whereas it is t-otde- 
 fiRn'd to inculcate Notions for Truth, but ri- 
 tner to deliver things as really they are,and where 
 not known to relate what has been feen by a- 
 ny who have travell'd thofe I'arts, without ad- 
 ding our own Conceits, or aderting more than 
 is probalile. This Method (hall be here foUow'd, 
 ufing all pofllble Caution to omit nothing mate- 
 rial that has been writ of thefe Parts, without 
 prefuming to determine what is not perfertly 
 come to Knowledge. 
 
 In general, this Traft of Land borders all 
 Wcflward on the Kingdom of /'««, Northward 
 on Popiiyiw, the new Kingdom of Cranadn^ Ve- 
 wiMcl ', and New /Indalufia, with a confiderable 
 Coaft upv>ii the North Sea-, on the Eaft it has 
 the (lime North Si a, and Braz.iL and on the South 
 the Provinces of I'lii-figiiay, and part of Peru. 
 
 To aOlgn the Extent of thefe Regions is im* 
 rofiiblc, the inland having Icarce been feen by 
 any ! i:ropr.in.t, and tho' we would fix the Li- 
 mits of Peru on the We(V, yet how far to ex- 
 tend what the Spaniirds have on the North Sea, 
 is uncertain:, the Pa^Y/yz/f/w in 5r<j?.i7 have made 
 very little Progrefs up the Country, and how 
 far the Provinces of Par.igiujy fliould reach, is 
 not afcertain'd. This (ame Ignorance muft fol- 
 low of Courfe, as to the Manners, Cuftoms, Re- 
 ligion, and ('overnment of thofe Nations, and it 
 miift be obferv'd, that thofe (et Limits aiiign'd in 
 Maps to all thcfc Provinces, are Arbitrary and at 
 the Plcafiire ot the Maker ■, as alio that many of 
 the Names i^t Nations we there find, are plac'd 
 alttr the lame manner, or at ! ft by guers,mo(l of 
 them Iiavin;', been only heard ol'„id never (een,and 
 perhaps inany altof!,cther labuloii:, as taken upon 
 Hoar lay fioin hiJ.,Mis \v! o were never rightly 
 iii'deiftooct , or pirliaps knew whit they (aid. 
 i >) pK^i.eed N'iCtluiditally, as has been hitherto 
 I'lime, that is, retiuningfrorn We(t toEa(l, fnice 
 thetc ('uUiitiies are i:ut yet to be regularly de- 
 li nb'i!, wo will iKXt (peak ot tlic mighty River 
 I Ithe All. ;;'y;.'j,orofO'f//..7;.7,\vhich runs through 
 uurn. When the Cummander I>cli:lc.iz.ur, before 
 rr.cnti'.nVi in his proper Place , had lubdu'd the 
 
 PlOVlIli 
 
 ^'fi: 
 
 he met with an Inland In- 
 
 wlio tuk! him wonderful Stories of the great 
 Plenty of f jold in thole Parts, from which the 
 Spi'iiriiiii !.;ave vhem the Name oi LI Du,ado^ in 
 the Year 15^5. 6 1,-. i'j/u P.^./'ro being afterwards 
 ni.'.cle (joveruour 'it yJHitn by his Brother, letout 
 with tome Men to llnd tliib Gulden Country, ta- 
 king E.'i'iis df ())ri!.:n.i with him for his Lieute- 
 nant. H.ning pafs'd the Mountains y/«/f,t, and 
 heipg 1!) V\aMt of Provilions, a Boat was huilt 
 and <.);i-l!.u:.i tent in it with luine Can«es d<JWii a 
 River the\ found, which prov'd tube this of the 
 
 Amaz.on!, to gather fome Subfiftence. He run- 
 ning 20 or ij Leagues a Day, with the Violence 
 of tnc Stream, which receiv'd feveral other Ri- 
 vers on both fides, without feeing any Man •, at 
 lAft on the 8th of January 1541. he found a Vil- 
 lage, whofe Inhabitants had abundance of Pro- 
 vifions, and Ornaments of Gold, which he took 
 without any Oppofition. Here, he built another 
 Boat and refolv'd to run down farther. Having 
 finilli'd it in February^ he proceeded 10 Leagues 
 farther, where he had like to be Over-fet by the 
 Rapidity of another River falling in from the 
 South. Then running 200 Leagues farther, they 
 (aw ncitlier Houfe , nor living Creature. After 
 this they cametoa Village^ the C«/y/(f whereof, 
 call'd Aparia, treated and prefented them with 
 Parrots, Partridges and Fifh. Having taken in 
 Provirions,he wen'' on in y4pn/ about 80 Leagues, 
 into other Defart Provinces, where the Banks of 
 the River weie (o fteep that they could not Land. 
 In May they came to the populous Country of 
 Machiporo, and were purfu'd two Days by the 
 Natives, till they came to a Village ftor'd with 
 Provifions, which they enter'd without Oppofi- 
 tion, the Inhabitants being fled , and here they 
 found by their reckoning, that they had run 340 
 Leagues from Aparia. Proceeding thence, they 
 found the Country pleafant and plentiful, abun- 
 dance of Canoes following them full of Indians, 
 and thus they held on 100 Leagues, which brought 
 them to the Country of another Cacique call'd Pan- 
 nana., where they liad a good Reception and (;\w 
 many Sheep uf flich as are in Peru. In the next 
 Province tliey were oppos'd and took Provifions 
 by Force. Below this they met a River coming 
 down on the left , which they call'd ^10 Negro, 
 or the Black River, becaufe the Water of it dif- 
 colour'd that they were or, for 20 Leagues. Ha- 
 ving palVd by feveral Provinces and Villages they 
 came to the Country of the yimaz.om, as they 
 were told. Below this a Woman told them, that 
 up the Country there were Men, like them, by 
 which they guefs'd that fome Spaniards had oeen 
 that Way. On the 2jth of June they faw many 
 Villages on the Left-hand Bank , but could no: 
 Land ny Realon of the Current. To pafs by many 
 more Repetitions of this lbrt,they faw fome fight- 
 ing Women among the Men, which was the Oc- 
 calion of calling this the River of the Jmai.ons, 
 and at laft came out into the Sea, on the 26th of 
 Augiift i54i,whencc they coafted along the Gulph 
 of Paria, and to the Coall of Ciibagna, and were 
 thence tran("ported to Spain. By their reckoning 
 they made Account that they had run upon that 
 River about 1800 Leagues. 
 
 OtclLina going into 6/);3;>/ obtain'd a Grant from 
 the Emperour Cuurks the 5th for farther Difco- 
 vering upon that River, and let out with three 
 Ships tor that Purpole , one of them he loft at 
 Sea, and with the other two enter'd the River, 
 T t t X up 
 
 !*■ 
 
 1 
 
 itef 
 
 m 
 
 ' ill 
 
 I til 
 
 ' It 
 
 i i' 
 
;04. 
 
 CJRrB/INA 
 
 up wliiili he fail'd ico f oigues in th.-n, and rnmv 
 more in Bn/,ts, hilt li.K IjI'c nii cx.irt .•uCMiiit.if 
 tliac Countrv, tliatm:iv be a Iielp tdCiengr.iplT,-.: 
 TI'iK miitli we Itivc in f/mcr.i^ atu! ^cofit in- 
 fiivins us tli.ir in the Yiar 1560, I'ttcr dc (hjii.i 
 r.aipc down the Riv*-.|- X«/at, 4 or sco 1 eiit?,ufi>i 
 from6«.;//wn in Tn/^, and f.II into the River of 
 y1witt.iiiSf about ;oo Leaiiiiis from it*; Source, but 
 was himfclf Kdl"d by the Way, his Oimpanions 
 jiroleciited the \'ova,',c to the Sea, and we have no- 
 tliitu', more of thorn worih relatiiu'. 
 
 Nut to be tcdions m diefe Untwrtaifities, .'Vu/- 
 I'aii, wlio has tollefkd all that can lie faid of t!a>. 
 River and tl:e Ccanitrv about it ■-, finds it niu'i 
 ai)ove 8co Leaftius, wiilioiit inciiidinj the V\'iiid- 
 injis, whidi are iiuuh more as has been feeii above. 
 Abuiida^'ct ut otlier Rivers are fwalhw'd up by_ 
 it on botli fides, fomc of whicli have a ('"'hmII- of 
 2, 3, or 4C0 leagues. The I'euple inhabitiiit; 
 aloiift it are infinite, neither f > Kai barons as ihole 
 of /?--,/i(7, nor fo I'l.Iite as thole of Poh. They 
 donotiat Man's Milb, but have abundaialy lo 
 fubfift on of Game, fiih, ("irain and Iruit, and 
 worfli'^ Idols, without troubling tJiciuielves with 
 minh CiremoiK". 
 
 The K'.'.vr, he fays, fprinfjs at tlic foot of ilic 
 Moaiitaiiis f! or 10 leap^nesfrom ^'/f', and runs 
 to the Eali ward ■■, both the Soiirre and the Mouili 
 being near the FqniiiotfUal, Tlie Breadth of its 
 Miiiult is varioully r.-prcfeiitcd, foaie allowing it 
 50, others 40, and others but 25 Lcai;iits. 
 
 In tjie Year 1635, two Religious Men, with 
 only five or fix .Soldiers, ventur'd down this valt 
 River and arriv'd {.\f{: a: Par.t in limzjl., where 
 tbcy ^avean Account of tlieir Expedition to Pe- 
 til Tcxdi-.i, tile GoTernoiir there. 7tAv//<; fitted 
 out 47 Harks, aboard whichhe put 70 P(i>inf^ucjc.i, 
 with 1200 luims weJISkill'd at their Arms, and 
 Sec Servants and Women and let out in Othbtr 
 1637, ran up the River and arriv'd liife in Peru. 
 Wlkii k.iviiii^his People liLhind, he went liiinfelf 
 with a tuv to (Julio, and reported wiiat lie liad 
 de.ne in ^(;::ci!.bci- 1658. The (\iunt dc Cintxiio:, 
 then \ iceroy of Per::, order'd him tobefurnilli'tl 
 vMthall Neceifaries, and E Chri/f:ip!jir dc Aciiinui 
 a j(f::'.i , With Ills Companion , to go down the 
 River with Icxcir.t and carry an Account to >p.j(//, 
 wliidi he did in the Year 1640, publilliiiiii his Re- 
 lation, as we now have it. 
 
 llence it is we have more Light than from all 
 tliat was done before, and according to tlieir In- 
 formation all tlie Country along that River, tho' 
 111 t!ie uiidit (.>t tlie Torrid Zone, is temperate. 
 The Fail \\.'iiius, blowing all the Day, thcNights 
 cqu.d in length to the Days, the Annual liumda- 
 iiuiis like tl;wie of the A'/f, and the Multitude 
 <'f Trees relVefliing the Air, andrcndring it de- 
 lightful. '1 ill. lioiity there is excellent, they Iiave 
 Ralfaiiis for all iuut'-, all Gram and l-ruit grows 
 in I'lenty and as good as in any other Part of 
 yh/i(,n ly and there is infinite Fifli in the Rivers 
 and I akes. There is val\ Plenty ot excellent 
 Timber lor buiklingol Ships, and noFnd of the 
 f.bony and /Jr./^;/, and lo of Cacao, Tabacco, 
 Sugai, Cuthineleand abundance of (jther Coai 
 iiiodities, belides G<,k! and Silver. The Naviga- 
 tion on the iviver eafy, the Stream carrying \ el- 
 kls down, and the Ealt Wind up it. 
 
 Along it, and the other Rivers that iall into it, 
 
 liiey reckon 'd i50leveral Nations, popiiloib and 
 
 inhabiting many \ illages^ of which tile l-hmOfiuts 
 
 ii\l in iiiakiiu'. Cotton Clotlii the Cc'i"lip'jn: ni 
 
 Eartlien Ware i the Smi>:'< 'n lomerv ■, .jul t'lie 
 Topin.i/diiei nr^ tlie flrongell. Arri/vs and Live 
 Inisarc their Weapons, and theyonlv make War 
 to get Slaves to ferve them, whom they ufe very 
 favourably. 
 
 The A'l/'U, the ^/i;,»v(/', i\k PtUanhiyo^ tLeTc- 
 //'.•p7/jand tiio Ci^.". .7 ;//'(', Rivers filling into th.it 
 of the Amtioti'., i'.ll rowUjoldeii Sands. Above 
 Cii-ip.uiibe tliere ;;re main Mines in the .VKum- 
 tains of Gold in that of Y.'.jjt.nc, of SiWtr in 
 that of P/'cc-e, of precious Stones in th.it of /'.;■ 
 r.tt^ochc, and of Sn'.phnr in others. The Story «f 
 the Aiiui\.v}is is lound t<J be a fable, a, has been 
 hulled above. 
 
 Let '.IS go up from this great River to that of 
 (liohpcoy ox P:t>ii^ Of 1^1. 'I'll '■) the Month where- 
 of lies between 8 and 9 fVgices of Nortli Lati- 
 tude, 'fj/iics deO'di.i, a Sp..^iiiird, was the firll 
 that attempted anv Dilcoverv up it in the Year 
 )5:;i, and i^^z marihing aUjng the Bank of it 
 with 200 lo.ii and 40 llorfc lor fiftv D.i\s, with- 
 (•ui meeting vvitli any fuwiiyUid oiil\ a few Filhcr- 
 men, who li„d no Corn, but fed upon Roots , he 
 piocteded up the River :oo Leiigues in all, till 
 ficiametoa great fall, and then leturn'dto lus 
 Ships and to. ")/!.//?/, where he died. 
 
 llie SpMi.iidf had made other Attempts todif- 
 cou-r farther along tins River, but with little 
 Sncccfs. At length Sir [I'.dur R.de'nh having ta- 
 ken one P(iiiiiy ^ ^p.ifii.iid, vvlkihad been one of 
 thole Adventurers, and being tokl mighty I'hings 
 by him of the Riches of Cifiai/ii, he undertook a 
 \'o\age thither in the Year 1595, and contracT- 
 ing friendlliip with theN.Uives, obtam'd of them 
 (juide.- to conduit him up the River Oiouaio , 
 without the .Mouth c>f whiih there isfucha Mul 
 titude of lllands, tliat it is a Matter of the great 
 eft Dilficiiltv to find the Way througli them. 
 Sir ILiz/nr having got (niideb, found the true 
 Mouth of the River, yet after all iail'd up it but 
 five or fix r)ays,to tite i'lace where the River Giro- 
 11 falls info is and then retni n'd towards the Sea, 
 promifing the Jadi.ms his friends to be With theni 
 again the next Year. At his coming Home he 
 publilli'd a mighty Account of his Uilcoveries, 
 and the immenie \\'e,dth of thole Countries, tho 
 at the lame Time he knew no more than what 
 fomeof the Natives had told him, nor indeed hid 
 ho been near fo farasO/</t), before fpokcn of. 
 
 After his Return, in the Year 1596, he fent 
 L:tu-iii.t:e k\y,i:is , with two Ships to the River 
 Oi-of/(,ct<, who indeed f nuid the beft Way into, 
 and Iail'd up it 8 Days, bat finding the Ss.iniiirds 
 had a Settlement there, made all tlie halte home 
 he could, without doing any thing remarkable. 
 Nor was Sir ll'idicr himlelf more fuccefsful in his 
 next and lalt Undertaking, for he never lb much 
 as Landed, or madeanynew Dikovery, but only 
 inceiis'd the Kingof.s/;.(i,.'againH himlelf, and had 
 his Head cut oil fooii alt^r. 
 
 To leave tliefe ufelefs N'oyages, the Spaniards^ 
 perceiving tliaC other Nations began to attempt 
 lettling on that River , as looking on it as the 
 beil inlet to that Country reputed lo rich in 
 Gold, built thvinielvesa liiiall Town li)ine 1 eagues 
 above the Moutiioftlie River, where it makes a 
 fort of bay, and call'd it S.lhvih.ti^ where they 
 planted Tabacco, and Fraded with other Nations 
 for levetal Years, till that Commerce was Prohi 
 bited. However tiie Town increas'd,a)id is a p.ut 
 i;f the Gov^iiiineni of /vViv Arid^l.'-jii. 
 
 Wh.it 
 
GV /ll AN A 
 
 ^05 
 
 Wliat inure vvc find of this River, is that it 
 comes cliiwn fro'n tltcNew Kini'^dom of Cr,w.i.'U^ 
 or (juvei-imi(.'tu of Pnp.iyin, the Country it runs 
 throii'^h from VVdr to EalV lieiii;; above ;>> 
 lc;uvHs in a dircrt Line, its C')urrc wiWi (lie 
 W'iniliiins, ii'Mli ot NecelVitv be iiiiichinoi'e/ 
 
 Tlie Kea'.iiii of Skippinc; from the River of the 
 the Ain.ii.o)is tn tliii ol Orotiovi , is biTaiife tiie 
 Countrv lyi"" between them gencrallv bears tlie 
 Names of 6'«/, ;?/.-» aiui Cirih.mit, wliiili fomc tli- 
 jlinftiiilli and will I'u'e Carih.m:: to he that next 
 the Sea, and (inhw.t the Inlanc', but thsle .ire ima- 
 ginary Dillinflionv 
 
 TIte lent'.th of this Country is above 400 
 l.ea:.7,iK's, where ll'vcral Kations have cndeavoui'd 
 to cliablilli theinlclves upon themit'jity Hopes of 
 a Ooidcn Tr.ule with the much talk'd of, but 
 never difccvei-'d J)n- irn and Atantii^ wliicluloiibt- 
 kfs have no oilier Hiing, but in Iinaf',inatioii. 
 Sanfon has bell cnllcacd all that thele Adventu- 
 rers af^ree in, touihin^ this Coart, and from him 
 we will deliver as uuich as is reqiiifite. 
 
 The firft River of any Note South-eaft from 
 Oroimo is that of Lffekebc, whole Source is but 
 a Davs Journey from the great Lake of P.i'ima, 
 and on It there are feveral Catarafts or Falls, 
 which hinder the (ailing up it to difcover the 
 Countrv. Nixt follow the Ilciblce and Corretii:<>^ 
 whole Co'.ir'.'e i= much Ihorter than the lall \ but 
 no lei's interrupted with Falls. The nextisS«/-<- 
 w.^w,wherea Fort was firll erefted by the French^ 
 from whom it was taken by the tngU/h, and from 
 them again by the Dutch, who ftill keep it, with 
 fome Country about it , whicli with foine other 
 fmall Settlemcnts^on the llobicc and hffekebe af- 
 fords them a confiderable Trade of Tabacco and 
 Sugar. The At^irnyii is about 4 or 5 Leagues 
 wide at the Mouth, and the length of its Courfe 
 about 50 or 40 IXiys Journey. The C.iyana has 
 alio its Rife among ilie Mount.iins near the Lake 
 of J'.rii/iii!, and runs about loo Leagues in a 
 clircft I iiie to the Sea, where it forms an lllaiid, 
 on which the t.cci) have lettlcd a Colony, and 
 fome others along the Continent. Apenrjnta, 
 or Cifniivrtc.i has a longer Courfe than iheCay- 
 iiii.i.) lorms a l.itj^e Lake, not tar from its Source, 
 K'.id er.cKifes an llland, where it falls into tiic Sea. 
 IVi.iputo IS little iiilerh)ur to the lalt, and like 
 the reft, has a ^reat 1 ail , or Cataradt about iS 
 or 20 Leagues from the Sea. Along this River 
 
 there is Tabacco , Su£»ar Canes , Cotton Trees, 
 and feveral forts of wild Be.irts. 
 
 As for the Temperature of the Air, it is the 
 f.ime ill Ciilan.i, as was faid above of botli fides 
 of the River of the Amai.on!, I'rovifions are ib 
 plehtifnl that they may be had for tittle or no- 
 ihiug. For Game tliey have Deer, Wild Boars, 
 Wild Goats, and all forts of Fowl, not only of 
 thofe known among us, but many others. Nor 
 is there lefs Variety of motl delicious Filh, and 
 fuch Plenty that any Man may take more than 
 will fervc a great Number in a very fmall Time, 
 cfpecially of Tortoifes weighing fome hundred 
 Weights, of which as many may be taken in one 
 Niglit as every one Pleafes. Of Fruit tliere arc 
 infinite forts totally unknown to us, and moft of 
 them pleafant and delicious. 
 
 Ihe Commodities the Fitropeans carry them 
 are neccfTary Tools, as Hatchets, Hoes, Shovels, 
 Knives, ScifTors, Saws, Hooks, Nauls, C?-f ^ or 
 Curiofities, as LookingGlafTes , Bells, Rings, 
 Glai's Beads, Bits of Chryftal, Pendants for their 
 Ears, Trumpets, Needles, Pins aiul all forts of 
 Toys, worth little here, in return whereof, wc 
 bring home an incredible Qiiantity of Cotton, 
 Haminacks made of the fame, which are fold in 
 the Iflands f-ir 3 or 4 hundred Weight of Ta- 
 bacco. Here is alfo Ebony , red and white San- 
 ders, Indigo. Brazil Wood, Balfam, Sarfaparilla, 
 Jalap , Turbith , Guaiacuin, feveral forts of 
 Gums, Turky-flones, Emerauds, Deers, Tigres 
 and Foxes Skins, Musk taken from the Alliga- 
 tors, and Monkeys. 
 
 Nothing of the Inland can be faid with any 
 Certainty, but there the imaginary Dorado and 
 Matioa, lo long foug,ht after are p'ac'd. The Lake 
 Pan/n.i above mention'd is as little known , as 
 thofe Places, but fuppos'd to be of a vaft Extent, 
 the only Account there is of it being from the 
 Natives, who reprefent things as they pleafe-, for 
 1 do not find any l.uropcatis that have been at it. 
 Thefe People are faid to praftife a fingular Cu- 
 l\oin, which is, that on their Feftival they anoint 
 their Bodies all over with Oyl, or the moft pre- 
 cious Ballam , and then ftrow all over that the 
 tineil of Gold Duft , as thick as it can lie ^ fo 
 that they are all over man entire Cafe of Gold. 
 We will not pretend to any farther Account of 
 the Inland, which is altogether unknown, but 
 proceed in Order, 
 
 m 
 
 i \m 
 
 CHAP. 
 
 it 
 
 % 
 
^o6 
 
 CHAP. XVI. 
 Of BRAZIL. 
 
 THIS is the only Part f)M'«'>";", b«l""R- 
 ina to the Crown of PortiigaL and of a 
 confiderable Extent, the Q.aft of it run- 
 nin>'almoft i coo Leagues, not in one Line, hut 
 firfr ft and Weft, and then North and Soutl,, 
 tic whole lyi'^g between One and 25 Degrees ol 
 S mth .at. ud., which will amount to near 500 
 1 eaR ics froui Korth to South :, but then up the In- 
 fand they have gone a very little Way, fo tha 
 KhUonly a long Skirt upon the Sea, whilft 
 all"t!ic Mediterranean l>ar: remains unronqucrd 
 
 "'^k'K'Sea wall.es the North, Raft, and 
 put of the South fides of it, the reft of the Sou- 
 1^^ r,i f.do and I'art of the Weftern borders upon 
 1 e luie Wro.incesof P,.,.-^«y, th^" rem. nun!- 
 Part on the Weil reaches out to other Provinces 
 h.theno unknown. It comme.ices at the Mouth 
 of 1 e k-reat River of the .4/;;., v..., whe.ice it 
 run* o .t Eaftward near 500 Leu^ucs, and tlure 
 
 turns away to the South about the fame Length, 
 till it comes to )oyn ihc Sp.wif/j Province of Oii.iy- 
 r.i, from which it is parted by the River dpiburi^ 
 two Leat^ues from the City of 5. 1'mcoit. Thii> 
 we find it lies all under the Torrid Zone, except 
 only fome very fmall Part in the South, whicit 
 reaches but a few Leai;ues beyond it. 
 
 it is true, the PortUyucj'is would extend their 
 Right as far as the Moutli of the River of Plate 
 Southward, ...id quite to the Mou.itains_ of rmi 
 Weftward \ but thofe are only I'reteiilions, for 
 they have never been podefs'd of any thing far- 
 ther cither V\ay, than what has been above_ let 
 down in dcneral, and lliall be hereafter ipfcijv'd, 
 when we come to the Particular Subdivilions. 
 Hirref.i tells us this Country was firft dtltovcr'd 
 by ri/irti.t l.i:::z. I'ij:..!)!!, and after him [r^ j.i/i.e.i 
 iif Lf/)e in the Year 1500, both of them .>/;//V()a';, 
 and in the Service of the Crown of >>..- V. How- 
 
 ever t! c f'/^ ;/;.;■/ .-/f' ciaiiii the iirii 
 
 r)iUovery ot 
 
 1-, 
 
"B RA Zl L. 
 
 %07 
 
 IL 
 
 1 lis 
 
 / 
 
 1 cngth, 
 of Ciii.iy- 
 
 '.;pibi)>ii 
 
 Thii> 
 except 
 wliicli 
 
 nd their 
 
 of Plate 
 
 s of Pmi 
 
 ons, for 
 
 huin far 
 
 lluiVC ict 
 
 tlK-cifv'd, 
 
 iilVlflOIlS. 
 
 hUover'd 
 liy j.iii.es 
 
 I;, llmv- 
 overy ot 
 
 it, allcd^hig, that Pefir ^lu/trttCihrJ failing ton Shirt, or u Oimt wr.ipp'd about them, and 
 from Z,i:/")w, with ij Ships, for the t<ilt-lndnt ("'meof the Chiefellhenin tohe proiidof Tloathi. 
 in the Year 1500, washy a Storm raft upon an '^^' "''' '' " - '•- ■■• ^ ■ < - ' - >-- 
 unknown Coni:trv i" 10 Degrees of Sonth Lati- 
 tude, wliere lie law a Tawny People witli lank 
 Hair and flat faces, who fled at the li^jhtofthein, 
 and beiuK Ipnkcn to at a Dillance in leveral Lan- 
 giiap;es, nncicrftixid none of tliem, liencc r.iir.i/ 
 palVd on and anchor'd in a Port he call'd Sti<,mo 
 or Safe, becaufe it prov'd fo to liiiti, where lie let 
 up an Altar, had Mafs faid and a Sermon preach'd, 
 the Heathens being prefent with wonderful At- 
 tention. That Admiral fent back one of his Ships 
 to t'.ive liis Kinjjan Account of his Difrovery and 
 ercihng a Carols on a great Tree, call'd the Coun- 
 try .S<jnf,j f.Vwi, or the Holy Crofs. He alfoleft 
 two r^rtuguifti there, to learn the I aiifiuaf'.e and 
 enquire into the Culloms of the People and Pro- 
 duct of the 1 and. 1 lie Name of i\;>;/.; C, m. was 
 afterwards chanty 'd into that iA'Jiiaul, from the 
 abundance of that lort of Wood found there j 
 as may be leen in Lm,mml dc Eiri.iy Suiifi and 
 all other rartiuuiejc Authuii who treat of this 
 Country. 
 
 Niciihof who rcfided here fnme Years with the 
 Dutch, and one of the laft who has writ a the 
 Country, fpeaks thusof it. y^n'a'/ is excellently 
 qualify 'd for the producini^of all Things, which 
 are generally found m the il'cfi-lndtcs about the 
 fame Climate •, but no Mines of Gold, or Silver 
 worth taking notice of have been yet found, and 
 Sugar is the Principal Commodity. He highly 
 extoli the Convenicncy of its Situation and many 
 Rivers and Harbours proper for Trade and Ship- 
 ping. Befides, he fays it enjoys a very whole- 
 fom Climate •, for tiio' lying betwixt the Equiiio- 
 ftial and the Tropick o( C.ipricorn , and coiife- 
 quently fnhkft to burning Heats, yet they are 
 allay'd b' .k Kail Winds off the Sea, not inter- 
 rupted I Mountains or HIands, which is the 
 Reafon the lame Ditlempers are rarely to be met 
 with, wliich frequently reign in Ann^oLi, Ciimca, 
 . "1 other Place' , where the Eaft \Vinds cannot 
 ail'ord the fame Advantage, The Plague is a Thing 
 unknown in liy>tz.il ■, but they are not free from 
 continual Putrid Fevers, caus'd by the hot and 
 moilt Air and exceilive life of Fruit. 
 
 Tlius far he agrees well enough with all others, 
 but befides the Sugar we muft obferve, that the 
 next great Commixtity isTabacco, which is very 
 iiroiig, iind inleriour to none for Gotxlnefs if kept 
 nil i.id enough. Cotton docs not prove fo well, 
 ttio it gH)Ws in Itvera! I'arts, ■^ct not fo as to 
 make any confiderable Trade, for other Goods 
 is fcmetimes Amber- grecce found, but inc 
 
 The Wife follows the Husband wlierduever he 
 ftoes, iho' it be to the Wars. 1 k c.irries nothing 
 but his Arms, and llie is loaded witli a Basket aC 
 her Hack and another on her Head, conr.iinmg.ill 
 the Houlliold-ftulf-, and perhaps a Child hang- 
 ing in a piece of Callico over her Shoulder ■, be- 
 fides all whicit, llie often carries a Parrot or an 
 Ape in one Hand , and leads a Dog in a ftrinn, 
 Travellinji they lie in th open Fields, on thcic 
 Hammocl<s, hanging at Trees or Stakes. 
 
 Their Dwellings are fmall Villages, ronfifting 
 of Huts, made of Stakes and Palm Tree Leave«« 
 or fuch like Covering, All the Houlhold-lhiff 
 confills in Hammocks made of Cotton Network 
 to lie 111, Cups and Dillies all made of Calaballie* 
 cut in the inicldle, painted red without ;uid black 
 within ■, tlu- biggelt of which will hold ^Oor ;J_ 
 Qiiarti. Tlie poorer Ibrt have Knives made of 
 Stone, or of Cane, which was all they had before 
 the riritig'itjis came among them:, now the rich 
 ones buy of them. 1-ielides which they have fevc- 
 ral forts of Baskets for divers Ufes. Their ge- 
 neral Food is Flour made of M.itniioka Root, 
 and the Helli of all Ikaftsand Birds •, .is alio Filh, 
 boild or roarted, but half raw. Vox Spooiij they 
 commonly make Ufe of Oyfter iliclls. The Ge- 
 neral Drink ib Water, befid s which they fome- 
 times make a Liquor with Biack SujP.ir and W.i- 
 ter, which they will lit Drinking whole Days, 
 and .iddnia to it fomc jik.ijH Leaves, it grows 
 heady. They alfo pref» i, Liquor from tht 
 yikajii Fruit, with which they will be very drunk, 
 both Men and Women, ilie fame tlicydo with 
 oth>-r torts of Drink mude of leveral Roots, all 
 which they will drink to great Excels . and be 
 very FroUickfomc, and Dance for whole Days ti.v- 
 getner. Nor are they lefs fond of Brand v> which 
 they fwallow very greedily, and fmoke Tabacco 
 in great Quantities. 
 
 As for any Thing of Religion, they have but 
 little Notion of it i yet they arc not void of 
 fome Idea of a God , whom they call Tiib.t^ fi^- 
 nifying, a molt excellent Being, Therefore they 
 call the Thunder TubiikufiMiy^.i, a iioil'e made by 
 the Sovereign EfTcncc, So much Knowledge they 
 have of Heaven and Hell , as to believe the SouU 
 do not die with the Bodies, but arc either lent 
 iiito Manlions of .Mifery, oj- ellc enjoy much Ple»- 
 fure in Dancing and Singing, in Ibme delightful 
 Fields, behind the Mountains, Thefc Fields they 
 faiilieare enjoy'd by all the brave Men and Wo- 
 men, who have kill d and eaten many of their 
 Enemies •, but iuch as have been idle and done 
 
 here is li'iiietimes Amber-grecce lound, but mcon 
 
 ridciable, fome Rozin , and Traiii-Oyl, the ex- Nothing confiderable are tortur'd by their Devil. 
 ■ ■ ■ '' ;et- They have a liirt of Prielts, whole Kulinels it is 
 
 _.lleiu liainimofCeprt)/iv/,and abundance of Sweet 
 meatf, Hidts, and Ginger, as alio fomc Indigo. 
 
 ihe Natives are divider' into fevcral Nations, 
 the Chief of them diftinguillAt by the Manies of 
 lub.ihif.b.i, l<ba].irAi, I'ltigii'iya:, and Tapity.u, 
 or Tiipi:yi->i, the tliree firli ufing tiie fame Lan- 
 guage, ard onl\ ditferiiig in Dialert •, but the 
 latter fuhdividcd uito i'eviial Tnbc;, or petty 
 Katiijns, dili'ermg both in Cuftoms and Tongu^'. 
 They are gencralU ufa m;^lcilL- liature, black e^'d, 
 wide mi-uth'd, with black cuvl'd Hair, and a Hat 
 Mole, and commoifiy Faint t'.ieinlelves. 1 he Wo- 
 men generally ot the lamc liic, well limb'd, and 
 not ill katiii'c!. The l\-o|-le up the Inl.uai go 
 llark naked both Sexes ., but ihcfe near the Sea, 
 who have coiivcrs'd withChnftians wear a Cut- 
 
 to Sacrifice and foretcl Things to come, whom 
 they particularly coiifult upon undertaking a War 
 or Journey, The Dread they have of Spirits is 
 incredible, for loire have dy'd upon the Appre- 
 henlion of Apparitions, Yet all tlie Worlhip tliey 
 pay to tliele Spirits, is endeavouring to appealc 
 them by Prelcnts they tix to stakes drove into 
 the Ground, Some ot them pay a lort of Ado- 
 ration toThniider, and others to leveral Coii- 
 llellatioiis. Among them the Nation call'd I'cti- 
 gitJi.is arc accounttd mighty bonererb, iniomuth 
 that tliey believe they tan bcwictli their Enemie;,, 
 even toDeaili. Some Knovvkdge they Iiavc of a 
 gvT.eral Deluge, by whit'i tlie^ la;,, the whole 
 Kace of Mankind w.is extirpated , except only 
 
 Qne 
 
 * Wl) 
 
 J! 
 
 
 m 
 
 I ': ii: 
 
 l^t 
 
 3 |i 
 
 w 
 
 i 
 
 iV 
 
^o8 
 
 T^ R A :^ I L 
 
 <ine Man and hi^ own SKlcr. b\ wh.iin the World 
 was ai.',ai" I'i'-pei-pk'd. 
 
 Manv Dilk'inpcrs, niminon in Ein-npc^ are fcarce 
 known ill /?/-..c;/. All their Reim'dics coiifift of 
 Simples , and they laiii2,h ar (Mir Comporuioiis. 
 Bleefliiig is iis'd both by Siiition upon Scarifica- 
 tions, and hv opening a N'ein. When any one 
 falls Sick, tliev all confiilt tojetlier , and every 
 Man declares the Medicine he" knows, ;nid that 
 wliich they approve of is iis'd. If all their Reme- 
 dies prove inetfeaual, they apply the lai>, whicli 
 is km rknii' out the Patient's Brains with their 
 Clubs, whom then they eat as well as their Ene- 
 mies, tiie one for Love, the other out of Hatred. 
 
 The VVomen are extraordinary fruitful, have 
 yen, eafy labour, and ieldom Milairry ^ hut as 
 loo.i as (ielivtr'd, they get up and i^om;^ to tlie 
 next River without any Help, walii iliemfelves. 
 Then tlie Husband keeps his Hed 24 Hours and 
 is very much made of, as if he l.iy in. Mothers 
 1 ament tlie Death of their Infants, with Howling 
 and Crying for three or four Days. Tliis mav 
 furHce in general as to the Natives and Produft 
 of the Country out of NIcHhiijf, who therein a- 
 grees very well with all others before him, as he 
 docs in refpeft totlie liviu};, Creatures and growth 
 of the land, for vvhiih Realon we lliall ojutniue 
 to fay fomctliiug of them out of him. 
 
 Tlie W/.w Salamander, cMW Ockko, is along 
 four-legged Inilrt fo venomous, that the Sting of 
 it is Mortal, unlefs inmediately burnt with a red 
 hot Iron, or cut otf Of Snakes or Serpents there 
 are feveral forts, among which is tlie Rattle-fnake. 
 (ocall'd from the Noij'e it makes with the Fail, 
 like a Rattle. The Gimki/, has a narrow Thro.tt 
 .ind a vail Belly, fometinies ^o Foot long. Tlie 
 ^oicmbi or Lc^n.m is a IbrC of I, and f^rocodile, 
 fetdom exceeding 5 Foot in Length, in the Head 
 whereof there arc certain Stones, reckon'il an in- 
 fallible Remedy for iheCjravel in the Reins.eicher 
 taken inwardl),, the Qiiantity of two Drams at a 
 Tiinc,or worn on lome l*art of the Body, lizards 
 tliere arc infinite Numbers, and lome 4 Foot long ^ 
 iis alio Creatures call'ci a Thoufand and otiicrs an 
 Hundred Legs, both very \enomous. Scorpions 
 are no lels lre(iuent, and Come grow to 5 Foot in 
 len^ith, but their fting not fo pelfiferouj as thole 
 od-.iirnpe. I'ifmires are fo prodigiouliy numerous, 
 that the Vortuguelcs therefJire call them Kings of 
 /<)'<«;/,and they devour all that lies in their Way. 
 
 For Bcalh the Kitjiidn, or Porcupine, is as big 
 as aiiApe,witlioutauv Iiair,but with ilrongQinlls 
 
 'ara. 
 
 SP.ir.t. 
 
 X.Co»!?l!Ot.1, 
 
 < S. Andre n\ 
 
 igo. 
 
 -Nuiraiihao. 
 
 Siava. ^f'r'r 
 
 (.C. Corjo. 
 
 R^oGraiulc. i Natal, olosRe^cs. 
 
 I'aruba. \p,ir,>lbj. 
 
 iV. Svnhora d.i C\i>iccii.iinfix 
 
 Itain.rica. 
 
 < licimiiric 
 
 L() 0)1, 111:1. 
 
 JOUiida. 
 Gnru^u 
 Arraci]e. 
 >'. AiigHtl. 
 
 ftickmg tliick nron th.- '?.wt^, \\W\ it ran darr 
 (Kit v.iien vex'cl. Tlie .Wi, orla/\ r.ail Is about 
 the bignel'sof a fmaU Fox, the Head ri-und, the 
 Iiind legs mm h longer than t!ie fore, a .d has the 
 Name from its llovv Pace, fo'' it will fcarce move 
 a Stones throw in 15 Days. The Pifnire luiter, 
 lb call'd, hecaufe it feeds on tliol'e Creatures, has 
 a Bodv bke a l-iear, but longer and a longTail, 
 as is the Snout and t;.e Tongue, which it lavsouc 
 and with it Icoups up th.' Pifinires. The Afmt- 
 dillo^ or Beall in Armour, has a I lead like a Swine, 
 and is about the llcne Bignel's, all over cover'd 
 with Scales like .Armour. 
 
 There IS no lefs Variety of ftrange Birds j the 
 Tniikaii^ or large Bill, is about the bignel's of a 
 Wood Pigeon,' and 1") call'd, becaufe the Beak is 
 prodigious large and a Span 1 mg, yellow with- 
 out and red within , but very thui and light. 
 TiieC!,ia/ is like our Stork, but of molV curious 
 \ anety of Colours. The ,7 . ■*'•"«■(//■.; (,7, or B.ini 
 Ijird, has no Tongue, but a Bill of a wonderful 
 length, turning up like a Bow towards the F.nd, 
 and is of i!ie Signefsof a Stork. There is a fiiiall 
 Hirdnobigger than tlie Joint of a Finger, which 
 yet makes a great Noife, and is eafily taken oiV 
 the Flowers o\\ which it feeds. The leathers of ic 
 are changeable, for as vou turn them, they dill 
 appear of a ditfcrent Colour. Befides tliefe, there 
 are many dtlier ibrts too tedious to treat of, and 
 an infinite Number of Parrot'. 
 
 To fpeak of the fundry forts of Filh would 
 riuch exceed the Bounds of this Work, and no Id's 
 the great N'aruty of Fruitsand Plants, more pro- 
 per for a Natural Hiftory- On the North-well 
 Coalhif Hr.rJ.I there are very confiderable Salt- 
 l^its, lu teveral places, where the Salt is made in 
 ■>, or 4 \\'eeks, oul\ by letting the Sea into them, 
 by the Heat vif the Sun, without any other Inda- 
 llry, and tiierefore require very few Hands to 
 manage tliein, tlio' they will yield Kvaie Hioufaud 
 Tuns of Salt, to I'erve all the Country, lu all that 
 has been laid, we have not onlv foUow'd NnaUof^ 
 but coiiipar'd linn with Loy, Iheiit, Kmvcij and 
 all t!ie Aiiiient and Modern Portiif^ncleWntcfi. 
 
 It is Time to come to the D'' ilion of Jlr.iLd into 
 its leveral fmall t.'iovernments, which the Ponugnc- 
 Jet cMC: ip!t.i>il,i.<, that is Captainlhips-, becaufe 
 each under a particular Commander, they being 
 14 in Number, vvhicli begin at the Wetl , and 
 run along the Coaft Eailvvard, and then to the 
 South, with the ronu^iujc Towns 111 them. 
 
 Seregipe. 
 
 Bahia de todos os Santo,. 
 
 llheos. 
 
 Porto jeguio. 
 
 Efpiritii Santo. 
 
 Rio de Janeiro. 
 
 S. N'iceiite. 
 
 ^Sercglpc del Rey, 
 
 {.S'. S.dv.tdor. 
 rUU l^elh,, 
 
 {llheos. 
 
 {Porto Segitro. 
 Santa Cruz.. 
 
 < rfpiritu S.inht. 
 
 5->>'. Seb.i/H.w. 
 \A/i,ii:id<is Keys. 
 
 X f I cent c. 
 
 J A. t I cent 
 Sm:us, 
 S. Pa.h. 
 S. Felipe. 
 
 T!-,C 
 
"BRAZIL. 
 
 ?09 
 
 The Ciptainfliip of Para, 
 
 BoiiiKled on the Weft by a large Bay the Sea 
 !iuikcs before the Mouth of the River of the A- 
 liijzoiisy oil the North by the Ocean, ^n the Eaft 
 borders on ilieCaptainlliip u( Smrit, and on the 
 South is llmt in by tlie unconquer'd Natives, 
 Ci'.UV. Toiiphi:. ibef. The rorti<e,iieJc Town or 
 tc)rt bears t!ie fame Name, in whicli there is 
 nothing rcmarkahli-, liut tliat it is ftated on a 
 Rork riling 5 or 6 Fatliom above the Plain. Next 
 'he River it iias no other Fortification but Ga- 
 bions, between which there are many Pieces of 
 Cannon. On tlie other fides it is enclos'd by a 
 Stone Wall two IV.lhoni hi ji, with a dry Ditch 
 about if. About 300 I'ornigi/tjes inhabit it, whole 
 Employment is Planting of Tabaccii, and Sugar 
 Canes, and gathering Tome Cotton, which grows 
 wild. The River running by it is almolt two 
 leagues over in that i^lace, having about 15 Fa- 
 thom Water in the Chatuiel, and 10 dole by the 
 Fort. To the Sontli eaft of this Fort, near the 
 bottom of tile Bay abovemention'd, is another 
 fmall Fort cairdCt7;;«.(/f.f,\vhich ferves to check the 
 faWage Natives, and cover the PoniigueJ'c Plan- 
 tations. Of late Years the Portitgucjes have from 
 this Captainlliip paU'd beyond the Mouth of the 
 River of the Aiii.iz.oru, and made twolmallSet- 
 tlements, which tliey call Cjnip.i, and tfltiro, 
 and anotlier in an llland among the Mouths of 
 of the iiiine River, wiiich tlicy name Cigcmnni. 
 
 The Captainlliip of Maranhao 
 
 FolKnvs next to tliat of P.ira, wliicli bounds 
 it on the Weft, as does tlie Ocean on the North, 
 Siara u\\ the Eaft, and the Country, not yet fub- 
 dued, on the South. Ihe ^'reateft length of it 
 from Eaft to Weft may be ai)out Ho Leagues, and 
 the Breadth from Nortli toSoutli up the Inland 
 inconfiderable, whitli may be obferv'd once for 
 all in fpeaking of the feveral Captainlliips, or 
 (jovernmeiits, f;)r the Pottugitcfes have never been 
 able to penetrate far into the Country. And to 
 fay the Truth, the bell Polfellion tliey have in 
 this Captainlliip is the llland of A't.ir.mh.io, at 
 ilie V'iouth )f the 'liver of tlie fame Name, for 
 m the llland ftand'i tlkir only Town, which is 
 alio call'd like tlie lad llland, and River, or 
 ^.t'>\i>icis o\' Aliy.if^n.if. Befides which theyliave 
 fome fmall Dwellings , the inoft noted whereof 
 MC S. ylfiditiv on the moll Northern Point, and 
 Simti.i/.o on the South. 
 
 On the Continent oppolitc to the faid liland, 
 and but ? 01 4 Leagues troin it is t!ie Nation the 
 /«(//.iw.' call l.ipuiiyi^ipiref inhabited by the Toii- 
 pithiiiibc!^ wliojiave tiiere 15 (-r lO N'illages. Ad- 
 joining to this is the leriitory call'd Co/zniui, 
 and next tli t of (.'.i^cr.i, all of the fame People, 
 ill both whiili there are above 40 \'illages, and 
 the Soil of them is inucii richer than that of the 
 llland where the I'flXii^^mJa relide. All tlieic are 
 Enemies to the 7i//w;/',fM, their Neigiibours, with 
 whom they u>'d to be, cuntiiuially at \\ ar, and 
 tlierefore agree the better with the l'ortiif>,iicja, 
 who have their I'huit.itions auioi,;', them , anci 
 have deftroy'd the greatelt part ot thein. Tlie 
 hiiicU oiice fettled in this llland, hut were beaten 
 out, and the Duich have made leveral unl'uc- 
 celsiul Attempts towards lolleliiDg ihenle'.ves 
 'if it. 
 
 There is no fuch thing as a River A'hr.vihao-) 
 which f jme Creographers lay down in tiieir Maps* 
 if we may believe tne Account of Claude de Jib- 
 bcville, who was there a confiderable time', but 
 three Rivers, the firft call'd the Eafterlieft Moii- 
 »if', whofe wliole Courfe is not above 50 Leagues ; 
 the fecond , 7lifcow5«>w(, of the fame Length, ancf 
 the tiiird Afi.irtj, 4 Leagues over at the Moiitli, 
 which rprings under tlie Tr<ipick, as the Natives 
 fay, and all thefe Jail into the Bay that is be 
 fore the llland Atnimljuo. 
 
 The Captainlliip of Siara. 
 
 let us hear Nleuhof concerning it, that we 
 may not be iinpos'd upon by PortiiyjteJ'c Relati- 
 ons, magnifying all their own Affairs to Extra- 
 vagancy. It is of no great Extent, fays he, its 
 whole Compafs being not above 10 or 12 Leagues. 
 The River 5/<ini, which rifes far up in the Con- 
 tinent, difembogues about 7 Leagues and a half to 
 the North of the Bay A/angorypa, under 3 De- 
 grees, and 40 Minutes of South Lititude. The 
 Natives of this Captainlliip are of a large Sta- 
 ture, witii ugly Faces, long Hair, and a fwarthy 
 Skin. They have large holes in their Ears,ftretch'd 
 down to their Shoulders , and fome of them 
 holes in their_ Lips and Nofes, in which they 
 wear Stones for Ornament. The Country pro- 
 duces Sugar Canes, Cryftal, Cotton , Pearls, 
 Salt; and other Commodities. The Inland was 
 in 1636 govern'd by a King of its own , call'd 
 Al^Moi', who was a fort of Tributary to the 
 Poitiigiirja^ who had built a Fort upon the Ri- 
 ver Siiir-j, and made themfelves Mailers of all 
 tlie Sea Coaft about it. In 163S, the Dutch took 
 this Fort from the Portugucj'es, but were lome 
 Years after beaten out again, and the former 
 Conquerours recover'd their Dominion , which 
 we lee was but Ihiall, and juft upon the Sliore j 
 tho' that People would perlwade the World 
 tliat their Comiuefts extend a mighty way up the 
 Land, where in reality, they have nothing. 
 
 The Captainfliip of Rio Grande. 
 
 This we lliall alfo take from Nkuhoff, as the 
 laft that has writ of it. The Name is given 
 it from a River fo call'd h^ thz PortHgacfcs, tor 
 among the Natives it is iiam'd Potiei, or Pntingi. 
 Southward it borders on P.trayba, Weft ward on 
 tile Captainlliip of Siara, the North and Eaft 
 are expos'd to the Ocean. It is divided into 
 4 I'arts, from lo many Rivers that run through 
 them, viz. Cmihao, (Joyaiia, Mitinpobiiy and Po- 
 tegi. 
 
 The Portiigncfes have never made siiy great 
 matter of this Country , and yet it produces 
 plenty of wild Fowl, and tnoft delicate Filli, 
 Of the latter there is an incredible Quantity in 
 a lake call'd Ciora'nes , and abundance of the 
 Root Al.indiuka, of which they make .\lcal, grows 
 in inoft Parts. 
 
 KioUramie, the great River, is lb call'd by tiie 
 PortK.iiuJe.t, tiom its bignels, and by the Natives, 
 Pvtigi ; the Moutliof It is in 5 Degrees, 42 Mi- 
 nutes ot South L.uitude, j Leagues from Pun 
 t.i A\^>a, coining from the Well, and falls into 
 llie Sea, 4 Leagues above tlic Fort Jia Reyes, oj 
 tliree Kings, and bears great Ships. Itie Ri- 
 ver Ciii.rj ;o is only Navigable in Barges , and 
 Yatchts, Tlie lott /.e; Rcya is the only one 
 
 U 11 u tb« 
 
 it- 
 
 1 m 
 
 \M\ 
 
 M 
 
 '11)1 
 
?I0 
 
 S R AZl I. 
 
 the Portii^iicfe! Iiave iti tliis Cipta.hi/f.ip , under 
 whirl) je tlicTo'.vii, or rather \i!kit/L' of A'.;^;/. 
 
 The Captahifliip of Parayba, 
 
 F(>llo\vint^ tliL- fame Nicithuff^ derives its Name 
 from the River Pay.nba, which l;as M'v, com- 
 municated it to t!ie Capital City, Hated upon 
 its Ranks, 5 Lea^nes up from the Sea, and o- 
 therwile call'd A'ad-t Senlm\t d.is AY'jis. This 
 Place has manyftatelv lloufes \vit!i Marhle Pil- 
 lars, the reft hem/, only of Stone. Here is kept 
 the Court "f luciicatnre for tliis Captaiiillini. 
 Within the iN!oiitli of the River F.ir.iyh.i there 
 are ; Vorts, one on the South Point, call'd N. 
 Cithcritic^ defended hy ^ fj,ood IJaftinir;, and a_ 
 Hori.iwork. T!ie llcund uu a linall iilaiicl, oif 
 tlie North Point, and call'd .S". Aiihony, with 
 ilroni^ Walls, and a wet Ditdi. Tlie tliird 
 in anotlier liland higlierupthe River, and call'd 
 
 Two confiderahle Rivers water and divide 
 this Capt,iinihi|\ vi/. Ptv.iyb.t. and Af'tnio-ipi^ot 
 5. Ds/ii.'r^'/. Tlie former lies under 6 Di;;rees, 
 ^4 Minutes of Sou;h 1 afitude, 4 l.ea'.',nes N<irili 
 ot Cd'o h'l.i>.'n,\ and dilVliartie-i it lulf hy two 
 Months into the Sea, heint; I'ep.irated by a l.iri^e 
 SaiclHan'h. In Sumuer this River i^ very Ihal- 
 low, hni in Winter Iwell., lo liigl', tliat it often 
 overflows the adjacent Ccantrv, and carries a- 
 way m.i.ny Men and Cattel.Tw<)l.eai;ues Nortli of 
 tlii^ River is a Kay, wliicli alfordsafafe ilation 
 to the lari^elt Ship?, and is call'd Foyto l.iuoi.t. 
 Half a 1 eiii'ie fartlicr North is the River Aton- 
 f^o-ipt^ whicli contrary to all otliers , is lari^er 
 towards it? Source than at its Moiitli. 
 
 The Natives of P.ir.iybi inhabit about 7 N'il- 
 laj^e., the chiefefr of wliich call'd Pnid.i IJiui^ 
 \\\ t!ie Year 1634, contaiii'd 15CO Inhabitants, 
 the (jtliers Icarce 500 each, and (<inlitlin;; of 
 only 5 or () very loiu; Biiildinj;s, witli a y,reat 
 
 (i very loiu; 
 irs, but very 
 
 Biiildiiij^ 
 nianv D'lors, but very fmall. 
 
 I he thief Commodities of this Captaiiilliip 
 are Sugar, Brazil- wood, Tabacco, Hides, ant! 
 Cotton. Near the Rivcr the Country is low, 
 qiul plain, but not tar from thence rifes by de- 
 grees, and allords an a;;reeable N'ariety of Hills 
 ai;d N alleys. The Hat Country beiuj^ the moll 
 fertile, is dirtiny,uilli'd into feveral Divifuiiis, 
 under as many Names, much fertili/'d by the 
 overHowiii^ of the River, and producing Su,<;ar, 
 Barley, Indi.m V\'heut, Patataes, Anaii.i's, Cacao- 
 Kuts, .Melons, Oranges, Citrons, H.m.m.is^ P.i- 
 k.vii'i, and otlicr Necefl'aries tor Humane Lite. 
 In 1634, the Diitiij poilei's'd themlelve? of tins 
 Country, but were at lalt beaten oat, and con- 
 tinues 
 
 North to South is aliout z I cagiie?, and tlieCii- 
 cumfereiue 7 •, pleafant and fertile CK>iUi'h, pro- 
 <luciiig I!ra/.ile-v>'ood, Caiao-Nn:_s, Cotton, Su- 
 gar, Melons, &c. Belides Wood tor l-!rmi',,Tiia- 
 her fir Building, and gootl Water- On it, next 
 the Entrance of tlic River is tlie Ponii^urit 
 Town, call'd Noff:! Scnhor.i J 1 Come.':, lo, or Jia- 
 rnarih.:, and over it a fmall Fort, with a Re- 
 doubt at ilie entrance of the Harbour, which is 
 at tlie Soutli Fntiaiice '.<( tlie River formingthe 
 HIand, where Ships drawing 14 or 15 Foot 
 V^'ater, may liifely pal's. Several fmall Rivers 
 ( rol^ tliis Counti'y not \\orth naming , but a 
 League and a half North of the North I-aitrance of 
 li.iii.irik.i is 'he famous Point of L.aud call'd 
 Pania Pcilra. 
 
 A League firrlier N'ortli is the fmall River 
 (ioy.w^, ill 7 Deg.'ees 46 Minutes Soutli Lati- 
 tude^ and 3 1 ea;;^^e^ up it, is the Lown of the 
 lame Name, in which the Court of liuliratiire 
 for the Captaiiilliip is kept. Tliis Country al- 
 io produce? Br.i7il-\voo;i, (.7ingei, Cotton , and 
 I)hi.:>: Nuts. 
 
 The People caird_ /'«;,;.•/.?-(,( inhabit here, tlio' 
 tliis w!;i:!e Tract- of Land, as far a<. C.ibn liLiii, 0^ 
 is not very populous, as having only a few \'i|- 
 liges, inh;ibited b'' Natives. But this is to be 
 underlloi^d of Natives who live (iibjeft to the 
 Poriiniiiifcs along the Coall, tor up tlie Coun- 
 try, where they are not fubdued, there are Pei> 
 pie enough. Belides (.I'oy.vi.i , there is another 
 Settlement, call'd C.ipikiribi,%sdi inhabited, and 
 has feveral Sugar Mills belonging to it. 
 
 T!;e Captair.fliipof Pernambuco 
 
 eviv lliii.e under ilie Cr<'Wii of J'l 
 
 Tlic Captaiiilliip of Itamarika 
 
 Owe? its Name to an Ifland li) call'd, tvmg 
 thcchiefelt Part of its Dillridt, which however 
 e^tendb 35 Leagues along the Sea-Co.-lt on tlie 
 Continent, iiavinj', P.i,:iyj.i on the North, and 
 Pcrii.Di.bia'i on the South , the Ocean w.ilhing 
 It on the Fall, and the \\ ell txtendiiig to the 
 uucontjU-'i'd N.r.ion?. 
 
 Tlie lliaiid h. 1:1, .ml; parted from ilu' Con- 
 tinent by tlij River oi .x luneName, tlie moll 
 Soathern Part of it lying in 7 Oegices, 58 .M:- 
 im'iej bjutli latitude. Ill: Length ot it from 
 
 Exteuds above 60 leagues along the Coafl, ha- 
 ving I; '•iLvikaon the North, the Ocean on the 
 Kail, ilie Rivcr of 5. h'r.:;!<is dividing it from 
 Sircinpc on the South, and the uncoiKiuer'd Coun- 
 try on the Well. It is fubdividetl into 1 1 linall 
 Dillrifts, wliicii are, the City of Olind.i, O.ir.i- 
 ;..■•, An--vij\\, Af.nibcLt., .S'. yi,:tlwiiy, Pnynlc.i^ 
 Sciiiiij.t.iii., dnf.'Zllo de ijini^ Porto V.dvo^ the 
 Northern Alv.n.t^ and the Southern Al%'ia \ a- 
 mong all which Olind.i and 0\ir,ii.ii are the 
 chiefell. 
 
 (Jli/iili \vas()nce the C.ipital Town of this 
 Captaiuiliip, ieated on the Northern Part of it, 
 at a fmall dillance froui the Jyr.uifc^ where 
 wa tlie Harbour. This was a Place of Note, 
 a great Part of the Produrt of North lii\i-^A 
 being tranl'ported from it to Poi-nii\.i!. The 
 belt Part ot it is built upon ieveral H;lls, pret- 
 ty plain on the South fide, extJiiding to the Sea 
 Shore, which has a very white Sand •, and more 
 fjeep and craggy towards the Land, .md Nortli 
 fide. 1 he upper Part has a curious Proi'pei't both 
 to Sea and 1 and, and over the adjacent lll.uuls 
 and N'illages. On the higliell Hill in the Place 
 fl.ni'.is the Convent of the Jejiiirs, very richly 
 endow'd, and maybe fee:i jar at Sea. Not far 
 tiom it is the Monallery of the C.ipiicim, and 
 Hear the Sea another of Dumimcarii ■., belides all 
 whiih there aretwooiher C^hurches of >'. S.ivi- 
 on,; and -V Pcto: The Inhabitants were reckon'd 
 about 2000 belides Clergy-men and Slaves, but 
 the J)i:tcb having formerly dellroy'd it, wliat 
 reuiaiiis i? incouliderable. ;\hout a League froai 
 tlie Cty, near the Water-lide, is a Village, or 
 Shbiirb, wit!i many Warehouies. The Capital 
 iiiw IS caU'd bv the Na:i!e of the Captainlhip 
 
T 
 
 \ 
 
 BRAZIL 
 
 wn of this 
 I'artot'it, 
 ,^i', wheic 
 e of Note, 
 
 )rth £'■-'' 
 
 tuc-iL riii; 
 Us pi'i-'t- 
 
 H to tlic Sci 
 aiul mori.' 
 111(1 Nortli 
 o'.'pa'tboiii 
 lit lll'.iuU 
 n the I'l.uc 
 very nth'v 
 
 A. Not t,ir 
 
 piicivi, and 
 bcfitlc^ all 
 of >'. i"'^''- 
 
 ere veckon'cl 
 
 slaves, but 
 
 J It, wliAt 
 
 ,eai;,ue fm^n 
 
 \'illai',e, or 
 
 rlie Capital 
 CaptJiiilliil' 
 
 of Pcy>j:inibi!co, ^L'ing t!ie fame Town tlie DHtih 
 I iiilt, and call clA/lwr/cc's Town. As may be feeii 
 ill the/''. Editt/it, and CWi's Voyage to C«//i:o. 
 
 Cm at II is rather a Village tlianaTown, about 
 5 Leagues from OLrida, on a River of its own 
 Name. MonickA more to the South, about 5 
 l.eaf!,ues fiorn the jlnacije. S. jimhcny about 7 
 I eaaups South of ylrr.icije^ near the famous Cape 
 N. yliighflin Tlie City of 5. Afichnel de J'oynL , 
 10 I ea^nes '^outh f)f ArrMife^ on a River of its 
 own Name, tiiat falls into the Sea on the South 
 fide of Cape .S. y/«/?/«, it was once populous, but 
 mudi (ieray'd. Seriiihuim is a N'llla^e , but a 
 pleafaiit I'lace, and prcciucins?, much Suj;ar. Oo/i- 
 zilo dcV'/i'i is alii) a \'illai|,e 20 Leagues from 
 the A<>.ii'l(, and !i.is 5 Sii;j,ar Mills. I'ortoCil- 
 x/o, ard the Al.ti^o.is are alio N'illages, wherei^f 
 there are two nuire in t\\\t Pahnciru!, ox Falm- 
 Tree W ords, inhabited by Blacks. Tlie yirra- 
 life is by fituation the ilrongelt Place in all Bra- 
 x.il^ and defended by feveral I-orts. Airacij'e 
 in Poitiuyifjf fignifi.'s a Rid^e of Rocks, or of 
 Sund nniiiing in length, fiich as tliere is before 
 a great I'art of the Coall ot B,,iz,:l^ with (bme 
 openings, tliroiigli w!iu h Slnp>, pafs. On a fmail 
 Ifland of Sand, near the rocky Ridge ftands a 
 fmall Town well built, and inh.il'ited, taking 
 its Name from that Ridge, and call'd Arr.icife. 
 Its Situation is in 8 l)egrees-o Miiuitesof Soutli 
 latitude. To the South of the >4'C.u;/i? lies the 
 llland o\' Anthm/y l-^.iz., on wliich the Dutch, 
 when pofilfs'd of that Country, built that they 
 call'd M.utiiic\ Town , abovL-mentioird, witli 
 feveral forts about it, whence tliey were after- 
 wards txpeU'd by the rvrm^iiifcs. The Harbour 
 beiiig the fpacc between the Town of AnMifc 
 and the ncky Ridge, is very fate, but has not 
 above 1 5 or 14 foot Water. Tlie Tc-,.iiof 5. 
 p.tiil the farthcll up tlie Country , is a Place 
 <if D.ligiit, where any Stranger is welcome, and 
 lion meets with arich\\'ile that will keep him 
 at Iiis Eal'e. 0'.itri»i, and Cayl.'. 
 
 K.ipil'.ii ihi is a River rifing feveral Leagues 
 to the Weiiva d, and then dividing it felf into 
 two Branches, tin one call'd Aifog:id«;, running 
 to tiic South, and the otlicr to the Nortli, under 
 Its firll Name, and lo falls into tlie River B,- 
 )ii'ib.'. Of Salt River, near the llland ot An- 
 ri'iii.y r.K. The whole Province of Pcrn.imbnco 
 abound'; 111 feveral lorts of fruit, and Palhire 
 wliich makes plenty of Cattel, and the lower 
 ijroimd-, near the Rivers, produce much Sugar. 
 DiMMig tlie rainy Seiliin, the Ue.it is more tu- 
 ierable m tli^ D.iy, than the Cold Nights, 
 
 The Captaiiilliip of Seregipc, 
 
 Otheiwile call'd C/i *'</, from a finall Lake of 
 that Name in it, extends about 23 Leagues along 
 ilie Sea Coall,tlie River of i'.f^.«;t/j dividingit on 
 I he Nortli from y't)vj.(;/,/';;co,as does Rio Re.d on the 
 Soiitli Irom Puihi.i de todos ut' Siiiitoi, the Ocean be- 
 i\)g on the Lull, and the Country not fubdued on 
 the Well. All tliefe Captainlliips are divided 
 nito fever.il Dillricls, 01 i..:her P.iri'.bes, 
 
 llie principal Town here i> call d by the fame 
 Name of Soi^.pr, or f'i'i.ide ISo>i S.iuiiJc, leated 
 at tlie C^mHiii-nceof the 4 Rivers, .l/..icji.;, 'hi- 
 I iii.iiiidi., (.'i<;,.iiunt.ibiiridii, and Aht:gn.ibii., on a 
 nfiiig (jiound 4 Leagues from the Sea, which 
 the Ihitdi wheiithert., ioriilRd, but it is an in- 
 I'ailiderahlt Plate. Within ihii CapUinliiip is 
 
 ?II 
 
 thj Mountain Tahalmt, whence feveral Samples 
 ot Ore hav..'been taken, whirh have prov'd not 
 worth looking alter. 
 
 On thc'backof thefe CaptainOiips, that is, to- 
 wards the VVeftward, live the Natives, call'd Ta- 
 piiyers, or T.ipoyers, divided into feveral Nati- 
 ons, under as many Kings of their own. They 
 are taller and Ihonger than the other Br.fjl,.ms, 
 ot a d.trk brown Colour, with black Hair hang- 
 ing over their Slioulders , only the Korebcad 
 lliav'd as far as the Ears, all the refl of their 
 Bodies they keep without Hair, even to their Eye- 
 brows. Their Kings, and great Men lliave their 
 Heads like a Crown, and wear long Nails on 
 their 1 ingeis ;ind Thumbs-, t'le common fort 
 keeping thole of their ThuinSs lliort, as not: 
 permitted to let them grow, becaule long Nails 
 are accounted an Ornament, Both .Men and 
 Women go ftark Naked, the Men only tying 
 up tlieir Privities in a Bag, which yet they arc 
 very cautious of expofing. The Women cover 
 theirs with a bundle of Leaves, or fmall Branch 
 ot a Tree, and the fame over their B.ickfides , 
 bat li) carelclly, that much is expoi'd to \iew. 
 The Men tie Ibme Feathers about their Heads, 
 and h.ive Cloaks of Cotton wove like a Net , 
 Ihick to clofe with Feathers, that they will keep 
 out tlie Rain, and fallen Combs of Ibme Birds 
 to their foreheads with wild Honey. If their 
 Fathers or Mothers die, they pull every Hair out 
 of their Heads, and have Holes in their Ears big 
 enough to thrull a Finger through, in which they 
 wear the Bone of an Ape, or a Stick wrapp'd 
 up in Cotton i and holes in their Lips and 
 Cheeks, in which they wear fine Stones and Sticks 
 in th(ife of their Noftrils. They paint their Bo- 
 dies brown , and i\ick abundance of Feathers 
 on them, and tlieir Shooes are made of the Riiid 
 of a Fruit call'd As,uay. Some of them ufe no 
 Bows or Arrows, but throw their Darts with 
 their Hands, and have Clubs made of hard Wo„d, 
 and make Trumpets of Men's Bones, or of Horns, 
 ■yet are they not lb good Soldiers as the other 
 I}r.iz.dians. They neither Sow nor Plant, but 
 feed upon fuch Roots and Frui' at they find, and 
 the wild Bealls they Kill. Th;v alfo eat Man's 
 Fletli, and if a Woman happens to mifcarry, de- 
 vour the Child immediately. Nor have they a- 
 ny tettled Habitation, but wander about like the 
 Arabs, yet within certain Bounds, for the moft 
 part in Woods, and tliofe who have Bows arc 
 lb expert, that they will (hoot a Bird flying. As 
 loon as a Woman has concciv'd, Ihe abftains from 
 her Husband, and when brought to Bed, cuts the 
 Child's Navtl-rtring with a Shell, which lh« 
 boils with the After-birth, and eats them both. 
 If (lie IS convifled of Adultery , the Husband 
 puts her away, but if taken in the Faft, he may 
 kill both. Of their Religion enough wasfaid in 
 the general Account, and thele People will not 
 hear of any more. They are generally Enemies 
 to the y'o. r»i;H(/fi, and prelerve their Brutal Li' 
 berty. Ihiis tar the Dmcli had once extended 
 their Conquells upon the Poitiiguelcs, who at laft 
 expell'd them , and retover'd their own, and 
 I^'itiibau' was there ui the J '//u7; Service, whom 
 we h.ivc therefore nioiUy tLllow d thus far, as 
 giving the moll exadt modem Account ot thofg 
 Places, and iiiurt have recourfe to others for wlw5 
 follows, 
 
 \k 
 
 .':; 
 
 U U II 2 
 
 Tin 
 
511 
 
 BR A Zll. 
 
 The Captaiiillip nf Pahia cle todos of Santos, 
 
 Or the Hav of /il'.S:ii>tts^ (i) rall'd frmn a verv 
 I;ns,f Rav the S.-ii makes thi'i'e,ab()iit 2 I lapiicaiid 
 a balfover,iii lufnc riaccs 12, inotlier* ib' Kirhom 
 di-ep, and full of litile Klands, vt-i v pkalaiit, 
 and inxidiicina inurii Cotton. It is divided into 
 fcveral Rianclie?, and inns into the land ahovc 
 14 leagues, with many fmall Uivtis t'allini; 
 into it, and amoim thcin thii'c n;ore ronlidi-ra- 
 hlc i tlic fivlt (if ihcin nninini; I)v the ("apital 
 Citv caird Pitdir^e^ the next Cierifipc, an.d the 
 third 6'.(c,V/f;Vi;. Tliis Bav opens to t!ic South, 
 and rinis up to tlic Northward, a loni^ lilncl 
 call'd 7 '(f (■'•/(■;.(, iulpinsi to fecuro tlie Mouth of 
 it, on the Point wliereof ft.'i'd, the l^rt nf 
 lS'^ Aiitwy, and the finall l>.\vn tlifv rail /'<//< 
 f'elhii, or the (~)ld Town, within whuli a |-'o!!it 
 of 1 ai'd n'akis ;in Inlet like a half Moon, on 
 whirh rtands the ("apital City S. S.ilv.t/i<i> . 
 
 This C'.iptainli ip reaches ahout Oo 1 ea^'H-'s 
 aloni', tlie SeaCoiill, and runs np tiie Co'itinent 
 as little as llie rdl, Ix.unded on tl;e Korili ly 
 /^,'ii Kc.t!, p.irtinL', it from Suri^ipr, on t'le Kali: 
 bv tlieUrean, mi the South hy the Caprainlliip 
 of ///^w, and <Mi the V^■eil hy the /luhttn Nations, 
 who litll Hand in defiance of the Payr:ie,::iji.'. U 
 is tlie ruheil, and moft populous of all /''•.'^■'/, 
 and has between 40:'.iid 50 Sugar Mdls about the 
 [i.iy •, belldes tliat, it pnduccs mndi Cotton, 
 and fome Auiber-greece is found along the 
 Co.df. 
 
 ("<incerninj> the Capital City of >". Sah^dar^ 
 D.tiKplo \-AAi:i:i\t in 13 Degrees of South lati- 
 tude, and belides what has been already faid of 
 the Biiy, lays^tliercare feveral forts about itjOiie 
 whereoflhuids on a Rock in tiie Sea, half a Mile 
 from the Shore , betwixt which and another r:iliV.| 
 the Dutih Fort all Ships mult pals.There is another 
 I-ort <in the H'll where the Town liaiuls.TheC'ify 
 lie makes to contain 2000 Hmiles, 13 Clauihes, 
 Chi'ppelf, Holpitals, and Convents, and one 
 Nuni'ery. I he Governoitrs and Archbilliops 
 Falaces are viry noble StruiTlurcs, but indilTe- 
 rcntly furniib'd\vitln!\ This is the Relklence 
 of abundance o( rich Merchants, wh.> import 
 Svr)'/<, Hays, Hats, Stockiiii^s, Hifcuit, V\heat, 
 Hour, Wine, Oil, Cheele, Salt-Heef, and I'ork, 
 as alio Iron, and I'ewter, I ookin^-^',laires, and 
 Toys, in lieu whereof they export Siu;ar , Ta- 
 hano, Sr.nll, Ur.ixil, and other VV'oods for 1)^- 
 in"„ raw Hides, Tallow, VMiale *.)il, 0>f. The 
 Country about it is flat , neither very hu;!i, 
 nor low, and very frsittul, pr<Hlucini', all thole 
 thnii's we have already mention'd lir:i\.:l af- 
 lords'. 
 
 !t Will not be amils to add a few Words out 
 (if /'. -lA-'.A';, ill h.is N'oi.at',' to <""/.;:;'', who 
 (peakini' cf ihisC-'itv, and the ('ountry about it, 
 ti'lUus, th.-l-iuniber of Slives kept to vv^rk at 
 the Tabacio and Sup,ar is io !4ieat, tliat tiierc 
 are f>;re Malicis wlvi have no lels than 500, 
 ^v!li.•rein it is to be nnlliiiiuil he was iinpos'cj 
 I'poii by thole bo.i 111 111' I'enple , and their' 1 a- 
 bour fij liard , and SulK'nance _lo linail , that 
 the\ areietkon'd to live Ion;', if th'.y liold out 
 lever Year-.. So ;',icat is ilie Apilic itioii (jf all 
 l*toplt t!ure to tins Trarle, thjt ility take no 
 tare to So'.v, or I'lant, vvliieh uK'k,'-. .dl I'rovili- 
 oiia exieliive dear, the filli, th;) they aijupon 
 I'le Sea, betaulc ihcre are n'jii; to \A'x it, and 
 
 the TTelli, becaufe t!ir Padure is fo rnrnIT, th ;t 
 the Catlel either d'es by tlie Way, or is meer 
 Skin and Hones wTu'ii it comes to Tmvn. F. 
 JifcnJI.i adds, tliat a Cipucin w!io had relided 
 there i-i Years, alliir'd him that the Natives 
 were very d'lfible, and readily cinluMc'd t!v 
 Ciirillian Reli:;ion , and wlien once converted, 
 continued very zealous and devout, all wliich is 
 direi-tly contrarv to what all others have wiit 
 of the />)-.M /7;.wj, which makes it much to be 
 iiiillrulted , iinlefs we fuppofe louie particular 
 Tribe or Nation of thole People liviiu^ about 
 th;it City, to be lu ini'cli better t!iaii the refl. 
 
 Tile Captaiiilliip of Illieos, 
 
 So cairj frnin fever.il Illnids lynii', befurethe 
 Hay, on whifli tlu- i liicf I own of it is lc:ited, 
 follows next to fiilji.t ..';.■ toiJui OS ^.intos, from 
 vhich it IS divided on tlie Nortii by the River 
 Cii:iiii\i, on the !".ili it has t!ie Ocean, on the 
 South tlie ("aptainlliip i.A I'rth Sfriiro, and on 
 the \\\i\ the baibarou^ Nations. 
 
 The chief l(HTii above mention'd, is in about 
 i^ lX'P,rees, and 41 Mniiites of Soutli 1 atitude, 
 contaiiiiiu; about two Iiundrcd la'nilies, ar.d lias 
 eii;iit Siu;ar Mills belonging to it, the I'roduit 
 whereof, and other Commodities, are lent tu 
 /"'iv/M //.•/• ('to in Harks. Seven I ea^ues from it, 
 up the Country, there is a tweet VVater-Lake, 
 3 Leagues over every wav, and 15 Fathon deep, 
 out ot whicli runs a River throut;!i fucti a nar- 
 row Clianncl, tliat Imall Boats can (carce get 
 throu;^!! it. In blowint; Weatlier the Waves rife 
 very hifth in tliis lake, which abounds in i',ckkI 
 !ith, cipecially yl/.w.i//.t, fome of them fo bij;as 
 ti) weii;h ten hundred X^'ei^ht. 
 
 t)ii the back, or Weft ot this Government , 
 and that of Ji.ihi.i, live tirll the Tiipinitu.b.u, then 
 the C.iet.is, and \WTi'pii:.:ti::iii<, which lali: came 
 from the Coail of iii,:,iii,bitio^ and lince them 
 tliere is come a vvorie lort ot People, no Man 
 knows from whence, call'd iiuiymitic:, and rcc- 
 kon'd the moil barbarous of the A('(i.i//.w.r, fn* 
 they eat thjir own ("hildren, and rip up VVo- 
 meii with C:!iild to devour the fa//« , belides 
 they drive FKxks of Men as if they were Cat- 
 tel, to kill and feed on tliem. They are of a (ii- 
 I'.aiitirk Stature, whiter than the other Salvai;cs, 
 and laid to have been cxpeli'd their Native 
 ('ountry by tlieir Fnemies-, wandriug up and 
 down, vvithoutany Uoufes, but lyint; in the o- 
 pcn fields, like Healls ', ufjng ftroiig Hows, and 
 loiifj Arrows, and never ri^htiii;; openly, but 
 lyin.i', in .\inbuli!, ai^d taking \ien by liirprize. 
 Ijy lliel'e means they much diilrels'd the I'mtn- 
 f:i:rjci, and at I. 'ft aimoll deftroy 'd the Town of 
 J!hci)<, till about the Year 15S1, the l\>;tiii^iuUs 
 takiiui f 'ouraue, and receiviiii; Ibiiie Succours, 
 detlroy'd them upon feveral (Jccalions, Io that 
 iliey have lime done hut litile harm. Lmi. 
 
 Tlie Captiinlliip of Port(i Seguro 
 
 Retains tliis Maine H;iven it by Peter Jlv.iret. 
 Ctb/ul, tlie firft F>iicovcrer, drove on it by a 
 Storm, as has been laid ;ibove. On the North 
 It b(,rders 011 Iii'<o>\, the Fait is walh'd by the 
 Ocean, the South is divided by the River call'd 
 lUu l)u(c from the Captaiulliip of i-ipiiiin S.nUoy 
 and the Will is tliut in by the barliarous (;'/(.'>• 
 //./(,o, abovc-m.tition'd , »nd the Native ii-pi- 
 
 with 
 
 vma 
 
 of 
 
 that, 
 
 unci 
 
 nol 
 
 that' 
 
 Zi 
 
 WliK 
 
 htt; 
 
 ibki 
 Naui 
 Nurt 
 thefe 
 ai.d 
 Imc. 
 M 
 ■ \ It, 
 
 out 
 
 ;iile 
 :is ( 
 
 ( .lOii 
 
 ihat 
 
 , ' 1 e (■ 
 i , il., 
 
"BRAZIL. 
 
 ?M 
 
 lefnre the 
 IS leited, 
 'u.t, (roiu 
 1l' llivcv 
 II, 1)11 the 
 ', ;i:'.d on 
 
 ^,7.«, who extend (lir up the Countrv, ard along 
 t'le Pcirtiic,i((fe Df)minioiis hs far as the Cipt.-.iti- 
 n.il) tit" .S. I'iticcnt^ and arc mortul Encimei to 
 the I'omn'jicjcs. 
 
 The princii),il, or rather only Town in it hears 
 the I'anic Nam ', inhahited bv nc«r 500 tamilies 
 c.f Portiirutfes, feated on the top of a white Rock, 
 near which tliere is very hij^h I and to tlie 
 Vorthward, plainer to the Southward, and endin'/, 
 in a Hat Strand. In the Town there isalinall 
 C(illed<.ic of Jcf'^rs, who inflruft t!ie Yoiitli, and 
 labour to r(ji!vcrt t!ic Natives. Tins Place, a* 
 \vell as llhcos, was aliriofl ruin'd by the inhu- 
 nunc 6'«.-iyw;(rf.t, wl'o utteily deflroy'd anotlier 
 fortiifiurfc Town, rali'cl S. Antfirc^ fo that at 
 prefent tlicre is only lliis Poito Semro, and a 
 poor Place c.iH'd Sirit.i Criii. Tiie wliole Liveli- 
 hood of tl.cfe Poytueuejcs dcpe;ids on carrying; 
 Provifions to li'li aloi^s; the Coilt, for they a- 
 bonnd in t!itm, but have very little Sugar. 
 
 TLe D.'iidj^ and others, who of late Years 
 have tcuth'd on this Co;i(}, efpecially towards 
 tlieC-aptainlliip of I-fjiirini S.i>,tn^ fav they have 
 tbinid no I'eople at all, but large Defarts, and 
 impenttrab.le V\ (jods, which lliows, that the Po>- 
 t.npjirfcs for the ir.ofl part alouf, all this vafl 
 Continent, liavc only a little land about their 
 Town'i, tho' tliv-y reprefent it as if all the Co.ift 
 were in their I'ofledion, becaiife thi-y have the 
 few Towns we mention alonj^ it at futhDiflances. 
 'j.mici'.f, l.'ni, and Smfiri. 
 
 Tlie Captainfliip of Efpiritu Santo, 
 
 Joiningon the North to that of Porto ^(giiro, 
 on tlie South to Flo Ac J.wdro^ on the \La{\ 
 l\iiig alouij the Ocean , and on the Welt 
 by the Natives 'hi'Uf'.M^ and Aimtpctaiig.n^ mor- 
 tal Enemies to ilic Portm'jirjts. 
 
 The (.Illy /•■';; //y/.Wc Town lierc hears the fame 
 Name, is in about 20 Dei^rces of South 1 ati- 
 tude, 60 lea{',nes North from A'-o ilc jmicho, 
 and 50 South from Porto Sif;:iro ; inhabited by 
 about 200 f'amilie'', the Jcjiiits hai'e a Houle 
 Iiere, and there is a finall 1 ort on one fide of 
 it. 
 
 Tliis ("aptairlbip is reckon 'd the hefl furnilli'd 
 withall lortscif I'roviiioiis of any in Jir,idl,\n\- 
 viiig incredible IMcntv ot i-ilh, and infinite daitie 
 of all lorts in the VVoods and iorefts^ befides 
 that, tlie many Rjvers crolliiiij it every way, 
 under the laud extraordinary fnntkil. Tlie 
 nolle River /'.;;■./)/)..■ divides this Province from 
 that of Kio dc Juiican^ (iiliiiig into the Sea lu 
 21 i)efirees and a half of South latitude, about 
 wliiih live a I'eople cill'd P.ir.iybcs^ dilFering 
 littie from the other Natives. We mull here 
 < blirvk-, that tliere are ;; Rivers bearing; tliis 
 Name upon tliis lame Courle. The one in the 
 Northeiii P.irt of 7)/.;^// i thi> we here I'peakot 
 tliefecond, laiJ, to come far I'rom the VVellward •■, 
 and the thud between the f.iptainllnp of 5. 
 I'mccit, and ilie River vi Pl^;c. 
 
 'liiC Town li.incis on a Bay <,n tlie riiilit fide 
 ..if It, abiuit 3 Leaioies fro, n the main Sea, witli- 
 oat any Wall, or ot!\i Defence-, on the Ealt 
 fide <'f it ;> tile Moraliei\ of .s'. J'ciciuJ, and 
 ■.is (liurtlt, in the midk of it, on the upper 
 '. .io'.;i,d, is t!iat of .S'. Ir.:ri:s, and on the W ell 
 ih.it of the j.)i:iis. '1, he Natives ot i!ii. Spot 
 .lie call'd M.irgoy.ttesy lormerly mortal I:'.iiemies 
 i-i the Poytn^nejis, was thur Collledl.lale^, and 
 
 little ditferinf, from the reft of the Brnziiinm' 
 They live in 7 or 8 \'illages about the Town, 
 and many of them are become Chriftians. Lcry^ 
 ticrrer.i, and J^irric. 
 
 The Capt'iinfliip of Rio de Janeiro. 
 
 So caird frotp the River «f that Name, dif- 
 rover'd by John di SoUs'm the Month of 7 w;.- 
 rt/jS tho' the lrencl\ who once cndeavour'd to 
 fettle tliere under Fil!egi>:on in the Year I555> 
 call'd it G.mdKira. The Mouth of it is 23 De- 
 crees South latitude. The Land of B, ■ uz.il ^ 
 which hitherto from i^/V'6'r.W'Vcruns mofl: to the 
 South\vard, now at Cape .s". Thow.ts, where 
 tills Cjoveniment commences, turns otf, and lies 
 alm..(V Kail and Weil, onlv a little inclining to 
 the South, or between the Northeaft, and South- 
 welt, futhat the North-eall lide of thisCaptain- 
 Ibiplies ro tint of Ifiiiriti/S.-into, the Southeall 
 to the Ocean, the South-well to the Captaiii- 
 lliip of y. rir^'nt, and the North-well to the 
 Barbarians. 
 
 Tlie Frcrn'j , who, as was laid above , made 
 a Settlement here in TS^^f, beini; beaten out by 
 the Poiij'f^iicjes, thel'e built the Town of >'. 5c- 
 h.ifii.m on a I'mall Bay, wiiich is about 2 Leagues 
 ill from tlie Main Sea, on a plain Spot, encom- 
 pafs'd round with Mountains, to winch there is 
 an eafie Afcent. The Town lies in leni^th the 
 whole extent of the Bay, but hai very little 
 Breadth, without Walls or Ramparts , but has 
 four Forts to fecureitagainll Enemies-, thefirft 
 on the Ealifideof the Bay ^ the fecond,an Illand 
 on tlie WeR fide •, tlie third on a Rock to the 
 South-well j and the fourth on the North-well 
 lide of the Place, whitli is divided into three 
 P.ntsi tlie firll, w'lich may be call'd the up- 
 per, where Hands the bell Church, and the Col- 
 ledge of the JcfHits ., the fecond, the lower in 
 the X'aliey, call'd S. yi/iton/i Ward, and the 
 third upon tiie edge of the Bay liom the Ca- 
 lUe up the I and, to the Monailery of 5. Bi/tc- 
 ditl. The Jifiiits abovemcntion'd, teach Divi- 
 nity, Philofophy, and Latin, and have tlie Charge 
 of nillrucling the Natives , who live by the 
 Town in two great Villages, being about xooo 
 Men, converted by them to Chriilia.iity. There 
 are lome few Sugar Mills belonging to this Place, 
 but the principal Trade of the Inhabitants ij 
 Cotton, Brazil-Wood, and Frovifions, where- 
 of there is great Plenty. 
 
 The other Town belonging to this Captain- 
 fliip, is call'd j4>igra dos ReytSy about 12 or 13 
 Leagues Well of /?.•'« dc j.ttivno, as t'igneiredo 
 reprelents it in his Chart, leated on the Continent 
 oppolite to an Illand, they calU'Vi«,Y/( orgreat, 
 and a lefllr, nam'd Ifoi.t. This Colony was 
 Planted much later than the other , and is 
 inconliderable. The ancient Natives were call'd 
 Toupin.iijil'.iy.lts , who have been all dellroy'd, 
 or tied, lor ihofe Judi.ns, laid to inhabit there 
 now, fcem to be a medley of leveral Nations, 
 being no better than Sluves to the Portii^^ujcs. 
 Lcry , Thcvn, and [j.ia. 
 
 Tlie Captamlliip of S. N'liicent 
 
 Is tlie tall to the Southward, joining on the 
 Well to the Province of (■,,■.■ .;,/.., belonging to 
 l'.:r.,^iiAy, on the l-.all to v\\c Captainlliip of A'w 
 <U j.,/.eiri>, on the South it has the Ocean, and 
 
 m 
 
 ' 1 
 m 
 
 (ill! 
 
?'4- 
 
 "BKA ZIL, 
 
 oil tl'C North, tlic Inland nnknuwn Nations. 
 Tlk iliief lown lure is c\\\\\ Sonof, Icatcd 
 i/boiit 3 li'a£;iuN from the Se:i , delliidcd by a 
 R unp.irt on the fide next t!ie Uivei', vvhith is 
 tlu-re h.ilf a lemne over, and 5 1-athoin deep. 
 Pelides it has two Ciftles, the one on the *• )iitli 
 fide, and the other in the middle of tlie Town, 
 whicli does not contain above 200 Inhabitants, 
 punPotngiiefe, and part A fe/lizo'i^ or Mimt^rels, 
 one Parilli-Churili, one Monallery of Monks, 
 and a Houfeof tlie Society. 
 
 The next Town, 3 or 4 I eaftnes South fro.ii 
 tliis, ii S. ruaent, the Place it (tlfwell enough 
 built, but Iias an ill Harbour, and not a- 
 bove an hundred Inhabitants, and ^ or 4 Su-.^ar 
 iMills, but 8 Leai;ues up the Country they have 
 two N'illa^es, call'd I'.i/ijr, and Cr.,'.)w. Kelides 
 there are bmc other inconfiderable Settlements, 
 fiicli as /t.wh.ii/.', Ciri.iiic.i, i\e. 
 
 Tile little Town of 5. I'. ml lies fome Leagues 
 up the Clountry, leated on an Emineiicy, at the 
 P'lot whereof run tvvo finall Rlver^, tlie oiieco- 
 nmiii from the r-,oith, and t'le other from 
 The W'elf, wliith meeting line, fall into the la- 
 t.ihibl. This Place has not .ibove 100 Houles,oiie 
 Parilii (^liu'cli, two Monaltenes of Bc-teduHncs 
 and (,'.;/■ //;(//n'j-, and afl.'iil'eot the j'-lnin. Tlie 
 chief Reveinic of the Inhabitants proceeds froiii 
 Slieep, and Tillaj',e. The Suiiuier lieat is cool'd 
 by tile Air from tlie Mountains i but in Winter 
 fuinetimes it free/.e--. Tlie Soil \)roduces_ lyiud 
 \V|ieat, itis proper lor feeding; of Cows, lb tliat 
 nothing is wanting but_ Salt, Wine, and Oil. 
 About a 1 caj^ue Nortli from the Town runs the 
 River JiiiJi/^bi, capable of fmall Hark.--, and well 
 I'tor'd with lilii, coming from the iMomitains 
 of I'.r,\ icpiac.ih.i , and running tu the Well- 
 ward. 
 
 On theabovcfaid Mountains o( P.iY.:>npi.n\ib.!, 
 there are loirie (.jokl jMiiies, whicli at firlt were 
 
 nu;ht c.i'.iCiderable, i)ut afterwards cams tu 
 
 th' 
 
 little or iiotlun;',. Siiuewhicli there is anotlur 
 \'i ill fotuid on tlie Mountains of !Ui' 'fnc-ib.i^ or 
 'lir.icji.ib.i , about 30 leagues South from tlie 
 Town of .s'. P.iiil , wliereupoii tlie little Town 
 or \'ill,ii;e of .S'. Philip has been built there, aiul 
 now, witliintliefe vcr\ few Years, wehave iiearcl 
 of Gold bro'iiibt to /..jtiw IromtlieNew Mines, 
 fiiice wh.eii it lias been laid, that the Sp hu.irJs^ 
 from the River of Pi itc, h.ive beaten the P(;,7/;- 
 giicj'a oil', and polTelVd tliemfelves of the Place. 
 
 To the North of this Province live the 7'«/);- 
 >!c.inibds, before (in>ken ot, who arcirreconcile- 
 able Enemies to the Portii^iicfa •, on the adjacent 
 Mountain', and farther off, are the Tupikinfif, 
 ftretchiui; down to the Sea fide, and in Peace with 
 the Porrii:',!icJ:s, i\'.\d to the Southward of tliem 
 are the Cmios, belonging to the Provinces of 
 P^iiigiuy, and ther^f're need no mention here. 
 The jtjuiis 111 their Annual Letters from tliofe 
 Parts, make mention of a lalvaije Nation, they 
 call MiiJ>niiii:i/ws, or /1/">-;;/a;«,'/j, vagrant, fierce, 
 and cruel, whicli have done much Milchief to the 
 PortiigiHJcs. A gre.it part of the Country has 
 been depopulated by the Cruelty and Bafenefs of 
 the Portru,:iefii towards the Natives :; for tho* 
 the Reli.',ious Men ule all their Endeavours to 
 obftrui't the treating of tliofe People barbaroully, 
 or fending them away into Slavery, yet the 
 PortiigMji'i have been lb far Irom being averted 
 from their Inhumanity, that becaule thole Re- 
 ligious Men are conlitled in by the Natives, tliey 
 have often made ule of their Habit to deceive 
 thole Wretches, and by that means drawn them 
 into their Snare. Put we (hall have more oc- 
 calion to Ipeak to tli.- . oiiit in treating of the 
 Provinces P.ii.i.'ii.iy , where they have commit- 
 ted the utmoft IJarharities, as will appear j and 
 thus we dole the Delcnptwn uf Hi\:i.iL 
 
 
 v 
 
 ,f. 
 
 CHAP. 
 
5»5 
 
 ^ CHAP. XIV. 
 
 Of th<' Provinces of P A R A G U A Y, or the River of P L A T E, in- 
 cluding GllAYRA, PARAGUAY, properly fo call'd, T U- 
 CUMAN, PARANA, URVAIGA, and RIO DELA 
 PLATA. 
 
 '"X'^l icfc Provinces, fieqiiciitlv caH'ci hv the 
 I j^cdcimI Name o(Para.ii.i\\;[r<: of a v.ifl Ex- 
 -*- r-'iit, as i-eathiiij.', abmit 500 leagues from 
 Isciith to S(Hitb, and near 6r.o from Eaft to 
 \\\{\ in tlie iar;',cll Part, but miuli tefs in o- 
 thcrv, for ihtv llope oiV I'oili Nortbwarii a«tl 
 Southward, \,tt lo, tliat they arc at leaft 200 
 J c.it;ues over in tlie narrowell Place. The I i- 
 iiiitsofilicin to the North lie along the vetundil- 
 «i.ver'd Midland Nations, almoil at 12 Degrees 
 of South latitude, about the Springs of the Ri- 
 ver of ihc iamc Name-, tholv on the SVmtli lie 
 about j3 Dct;recs of the liirrc laiitiid,;, on the 
 
 unconquer'd Afagtilanick Land. Weftward they 
 border upon Peru and Chile^ m about 304 De- 
 crees of Longitude, and Eaflward they lie along 
 the Ocean as tar as 377 Degrees of Longitude. 
 Befides the lart;e Provinces contain'd in this 
 immeni'e Trad of Land,a vafl multitude of linli.m 
 Petty Nations may be reckon'd to inhabit it, of 
 which we lliall have occafion to fpeak 111 the par- 
 ticufir Parts. Ihe .Manners and Cullomsof thole 
 feveral People mull therefore be referr'd to the 
 liiine Places, to avoid Repetitions of tlie fame 
 thiiif^s, or giving one imperfeift Account of Coun- 
 tries clilferuig inucli frmn one another. As for 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 "til 
 
 m 
 
 If! 
 
 ri 
 
 \<^^ 
 
?i<5 
 
 TAKAGVA^. 
 
 the IVodiiA, tho' it v.irynot fo much, it will 
 lie IK) lels runvciiicnt to follow the lame Me- 
 thod, only "bfeiviim tliat iioneofthefe Provinces 
 have been yet foimc] to yield any Oold, or Sil- 
 ver, wliiih may in a jjreat meafuie have ob- 
 ftrufted the better Peopinig of it with Spani- 
 ards, thofe precious Metals having drawn the 
 greater Multitude to other Regions, where they 
 abound, atid yet we lliall not fiiid tliefe are well 
 Planted, confideriiig the immenfe Extent. But 
 the mod remarkable thing here, will be to fee 
 a mighty Traft of Land fubdued , and con- 
 
 verted, without the leaft Force, only by the 
 Preaching vj'." a few MilVioiiers, notwi'hllaiidnij. 
 the incredible Difcourai'/ments from the l'o>tu- 
 p,uefc Inhabitants of Br*dl, whofe luhumanities 
 committed againlt the p(xtr Natives, were Uif- 
 ficient to have given the beft difpos'd Infidels 
 an Averfion to the Name of Chriftianity, and 
 an utter Hatred to »U tmope.wi. But leaving 
 this to its proper Place, let us come to the Di- 
 vifion, where the feveral Provinces, with tlu'ir 
 refpeftive Towns, lie thus. 
 
 Paraguay^ proper- 
 ly io call'd, 
 Chaqua. 
 
 TiKuman 
 
 Rio dela Plata. 
 
 r j^Utimption. 
 r,/i.i Rica. 
 A/.ir,tci>iif. 
 Areaciit. 
 lUidf Tpitiie. 
 
 S. /^naiio. 
 iV. S. de la Fe. 
 Xeres, 
 LConcepiion AntigiM, 
 ^S.imiago del F.flcro. 
 Cordova. 
 S. Aiigiie/. 
 
 F/fno^or NS.deTaleivcrti, 
 [ Salt J, or Leiina. 
 lj»idres, 
 ^ S. Salvador^ or Xtiviii, 
 I Rioja. 
 I Pal II pas. 
 . i Soto. 
 
 La Pimta. 
 , C. de San Luis. 
 i.Los SlNtOS. 
 Rimios Ayrcs. 
 fSanta Fe, 
 Corrietites, 
 Satita Litifa, 
 Chanas, 
 
 Paraguay, properly fo call'd, and Chaqua. 
 
 The inoft Northern of the Provinces contain'd 
 under the general Name of Paraguay, lias on tlie 
 North the Midland Nations not ye: known , 
 on the Eaft Br.iul, Giiayra and Parana , on the 
 South another Part of Parana, Rio de la Plata, and 
 TucMinan, and on the Weft another Part of Diai- 
 vian and Pent. There is noufcertainingits Bounds 
 on the North and Weft, tho' in moft Maps they 
 are let down at Plealure, neither of thole Sides, 
 or the Countries joyning to them JKing known, 
 only about fo tar as has neen difcover'cl by the 
 Spaniards , as is ineiuioii'd in the general Ac- 
 count. 
 
 All the Inland Country between the River of 
 tlie Anii^oiis and tliat of Parana , being above 
 jcco Leagues is iniiabited by tlie Nation call'd 
 Cuaraiiians , wlio liave extended themlelves be- 
 yond the Parap.ii.iy to the Borders of Peru, whicli 
 makes the whole Province of Paraguay. Yet do 
 not thcle PolTels all that vaft Traftotland, but 
 yieinix'd with very many other lelier Nations, 
 ns CoiKiuerors who have lubdu'd thole Parts, the 
 ■Natives beiii^ I'catter'd among them, wliom they 
 rail Slave;, .iiid have continual Wars wit!i tlum, 
 f.itning the Priloners they take, to lat. Tiiey 
 live 111 Ihitter'd N'illages under (,'anque , cliooiin^ 
 
 • .9. Jnne. 
 Jtapua. 
 Parana. J Acaray, 
 Jgitarii. 
 Cacapa. 
 Villi. \ 
 
 'Ciudad Real, 
 \VdLi Rua. 
 Guaira. Jl.a Concepiwii. 
 ^Canaiiea. 
 
 Los Anhangcks. 
 '•La liwarnaciiii, 
 
 CRos Reyes. 
 1 he Alfiimpiioii, 
 The Conception. 
 Santa Tome. 
 S. NichoLu. 
 
 Urvaiga. . f- ^^?«^'- 
 '^ > Los Apofloles. 
 
 Santa Tcrcja. 
 
 yejiii Maria. 
 
 1- S. Joaihin. 
 Santa Anna. 
 S, Salvador. 
 
 a General for their Wars, being hot the firft 
 Charge, but cowardly when cotil, their Weapons 
 being Clubs and Arrows. Their Houfesare built 
 of Clay, and commonly fo large, that one con- 
 tains the wliole Village. Every one has as many 
 Wives as lie can get, and each Cacique has a Riglit 
 to choofe the handfomeft, whom they often give 
 up to be made Life of by their Followers, or 
 Friends. To turn any Stranger .-ut of Doors, is 
 look'd upon as a heinous Crime. All their Bo- 
 dies are naked, except their Privities cover'd witli 
 Ihort Garments, ma-Je of Shells, or Feathers put 
 together. They fow //vi^f./;/ Wheat, Pompions, 
 Beans and Roots. When any Perfon of Note dies, 
 the Women make horrid Lamentation, llirickin^ 
 and howling, tear ttieir Hair , beat their Fore- 
 heads, lomctiines raft themlelves Headlong from 
 high Places , do many extravagant Artions, lay 
 tlie Carcaftes into great Pots, and, believing tlie 
 S<xils are bury'd with the Bodies, cover the Fa- 
 ces with Concave Dilhcs, that the Souls may nut 
 be ftiHed. 
 
 Touching Religion they have no particular 
 Worlhip lit t)od, but are addiftcd to Supirlli- 
 tioiis ol VVi/.iirdsand liich linpoftors, giving the 
 greaceft Honour to thole who are molt familiar 
 With the Devil. Tliofe who are tii be initiated in 
 Ma^^irk Arts, Macer.ite tlitir Bodies with Faft- 
 iiujaiid other Aiiftcriti''->,U'ttin)i t.'ieir NaiN groa 
 
 cular 
 vers I 
 nirig(l< 
 
 N.lIioDS 
 
 biting 
 
 M'loh: 
 
 Ab,foi:t 
 Ci;iK)iti 
 IVnver ( 
 
 i.:10olf 
 
 !ii;u;uliv 
 lame Sp:. 
 gether 
 Civilizci 
 iliev are 
 1l;e 
 
 -4C^Le.i!; 
 
 ^'11(1 JO , 
 f-.'c.'f t! 
 H'rahiiul 
 leveial tl; 
 Sl\;ni.rids 
 
'PJkJGVAr. 
 
 ?»7 
 
 rtlculiu- 
 
 \ng the 
 aimli.ir 
 .ucd 111 
 
 ;VO\V 
 
 nncl liviiii', alone in a bcaftly Marnev, ; .1 tlicn 
 tlii'ir Wratticc !■■ to cIoMifcliicf. Anotl' ■> (on d' 
 thcin do no Har;n, but onlV) like i>'; f lieatipi; 
 x\ltrolin;cr5,i-.ritiMul to tell f-oituiics id ilv.' like ■■, 
 a\:d otlifi< to lin,fick, fnckirn t':c I'at'cnt to 
 draw out tite Difteinixr. B'-fidi'. tlnfc l-ollics, 
 tl'cv believe in Dreams and inan\ o'.lier Superfli- 
 tions. NoiwitMhmdini', ill! tl'is Hiibatit',, this 
 Nation, is toiind by I" xpencmc, if well tain',br, 
 more apt tliiiiany ot!;cr Nation to embrace ard 
 retain Cbriliianity,ai;d to learn MicliaiiitkTrades 
 and CivMlity. 
 
 No I'ai t of the new VVui'.d dd fo nnuli de- 
 ceive the Fxpeitation of the //("pffif.v, for Pa- 
 r:if!^u:iy affords no Gold, Silver, or jewels, nor 
 <io_ihey dit', any Iron, tlii>' tlie Couiitrv afoimds 
 in it, li) that the Inhabitants l.:i>e no Uilt/f, Vo- 
 lley , but live b\ esch;uu',ins of Conni t'ditits. 
 li'eiearefcw llaces, wi'iie ihe\ make Wnif, or 
 linv Corn, but th.cv make Bread and Drsik of 
 /in'.ian Wheat. All tlicir ot!ier Daiiitie'. , they 
 (eek by billiiitu, Minitii'^, aiid Sho.itint;-, but have 
 vail Herds of filaik Cattel. lor a luiii; tMneSu- 
 t'.ar and Cotton, both procUic'd in I. 'lall Quanti- 
 ties, were their thicfa' Wealth, till ilie Leaves 
 ot certani Trees , growinii in l^lllll,y Grounds, 
 and timimonly cali'd t!;e fierbof /'.;/-..v;/.'(ij', began 
 to be in F.Heeni. Ti;ele leaves t!if\ dry, and re- 
 dure to line i^owder, tlun ir.ixii;- ir with Water, 
 ilw SiiM'.iiil! iw.di J,„ii.i/u, bot!i M.n and Wtnnen, 
 (irn.kof it iev.ral Tiiresa Day, v\iiich provokes 
 tlitm to \ emit what they liave eaten, and creates 
 M Appetite. They pretend It ha^ many N'irtues, 
 but the iumioderate Ule, caules Drunkenncfsand 
 breeds Dillempers. This is beeomc a principal 
 CAjmmoclity, in all the Countries roundabout- 
 That I'art of /',i;,/i;«.jj', whidilics on the Weft 
 fide of the River P:iragi!:i\, is call d by a Parti- 
 cular Name Chai^ii.j^ and divided by feveral Ri- 
 vers ririi'!; in the Niountains of Pevf^ and run- 
 iiini> dmvn to tliis !;reat River. The misll noted 
 Nations Iiero are the T(/'.'/f ;».■.«, foimerly inha- 
 biting i88 \illages, ilxTuits^/iLitnqMis, yJguu, 
 
 M'jijbk:^ '"J.ll'.th.ii.uis ^ Ciuyiiii,:!M> , Tonvcit.is, 
 
 yib.roKc.'j &c. di'Kriiia, more in Langua.'.'.es than 
 C]i;|ioii^. They are lubjjdf to Cniif/nes, whole 
 l\)\ver cxteids not iu'x ond a N'lhige. Every Man 
 oioole«a full for ills Ueity and worliiins it fo re- 
 !ii;iouliv, as rather tu (huve, ilian eat any of the 
 lame Species. TJKle leople tl)c .ff//..V,i drew to- 
 ^etlier into Towns , where they converted and 
 civiliz'd them-, fo that of inoft bloody Infidels, 
 liiev are became a peateaiL- Chrillian I'eonle. 
 
 Tl-.e Nieiiv^polis ol i.^r.i:,ii.:y is cali'd, the Jf 
 /;/;/P'.' •., f.ated in 25 Dei^rees'of South latitude, 
 ;.foL.ea!V'es from the A'ouih <il the River of Plate, 
 and 40 above th.it of the /' •i'.'.j/.'i/j, on tlie Ealt 
 fi'.lccf th.:t River. The City is Populous, being 
 iiM';ibitul In about 4C0 SpmiJ-ii l-ainilies, belides 
 level al thoiil.inds ,i;(y//to.;, which are the Race of 
 >■/•.,■?/;,,■/ (^- a: id Jf!cii:.7!S , asmaiiv Miilattoesbeiiif; 
 the t)|f-l'piirg of ^p.r,::.:rdi md Blacks, and no 
 kis Number of Na'.ive y'..Y.';.;;^ , infinite Mul- 
 titudes of whom liveni the Coiintry about the 
 i'lace, which is exvraordinavy deli!!,lii!iilai.d I'er- 
 ti. , which occafuns ^^rcat I'kutv ol all lorts 
 I'f i-'rovilions. The Air is tcmi;erate,an'l healthy, 
 and tiie Trees continue ;;vi..-n all th.e Year. Moft 
 of the y^v.ov'c.jw.i jii the Nciglrbonrhood are paf-_ 
 lionatc lovtrs of the Sp,:>i..:i-c:s, aiui fond of 
 .rvnig thein, out of that natural .\tl'e(!r!>'n. And 
 
 are many of tiicin of the belt l-ainiUes in-Y'.v, 
 wlio fettled here after mofl of the Scum li.id 
 fli'cL'd into (Jtiicr P..1 1, of ^hhc;i:.t, and bei.K; 
 Gentrv, t'.iey knew better hiw t0!;ain t!ie Love 
 of thofe People than oth.rs in oiher Parts. 
 
 ^The other Sp.mijh Towns in tliis Conntiy, are 
 i'ill.! K:c:ij between ;o and 40 LCigues to thr 
 N' tdieall of the /}tjii//;piinii^ on a littK: River 
 ol no Niite. Next Atar.unpl, :.o 1 .eaj^iies Nortlt- 
 eafl Hill from tlie laft ■, Are.td.i, and A/i ',/;-, ft ill 
 Northward:, Kie/fri Smor.uk l.iFit ini^her the 
 fame wav, b.twixt liie Rivers Pitr.ti^ and Ta- 
 tjiicrij, and Xi/a dcit Eon'a.i, Nortli-welf from 
 thelall, whuh is the fartli.ft the. sp ;//; /,•./.( have 
 any Settlement that Way. But on the Wcfb 
 fide ill tlie ICiver P.ii.if^iiiy, w that part of the 
 Province cali'd (.'h^i^^ua, is theTowii of the Cu«- 
 ccption Oil the Rio rcr/iujo, or Red River, wliicll 
 comirij', Iroiii the Mount.iins of P(,;', falls into 
 the River of PLiic^ a little below the I'.ir.is^u.i). 
 S. I)..\itiiii IS on tile River Lubo^ and tliefeare all 
 the Towns that we know the Spaiiianh have 
 there. 
 
 The River of /".o-./i;;/.!);, here feveral time's mcn- 
 tion'd, and which gives its Name to i!ie Province, 
 runs 5C0 Leagues from its Source, wiutli is to 
 the Ncntliwards, atnotii', the Nations not well 
 known, receiving liivtral oilier gteat Rivers on 
 both fides, and carrying a Clianncl lit (or Siiips ot 
 Burtileii, before it falls into llie P.iy.ri.!, bv which 
 it is fwallow'd up ^CG Leagues from the Sea, and 
 the Coniunftiuu of thele two miglity River-; 
 makes thatwhich is afterwards e dl'd the River 
 of Pl.in\, of wliicli, and the P.h-.m.i , we lliall 
 Ipeak in their I'laces. It is remarkable in the 
 meetin;', of thele two Rivers, that tho'tl'e^ run 
 in t!ie lame Channel, vet for leveral AUks each 
 prelerves its own Colour, tlie Pii'-.tH.i running 
 clear, and the P.ii-.%ujy troubled. 
 
 Tucuman 
 
 On the Eafl, borders upon the Provinces of 
 P.ii\n[itiy, and A'/o .I'c /,( /'/.;.'./, Northi.sard on rt- 
 'v, and the Province of Ci^iij, Weltward on 
 tile Province of CV/yj, or C,j:!inyto , a depen- 
 dance of G;//f,and Southward tlie Plains that run 
 to the Streiglits of Auii^elLm, cali'd the /I/yc/ 
 Lmiik Country. It is all within the Temperate 
 Southern Zone, a very final! Part ol it reachiu;; 
 tile Torrid, and tliat, contrarv to the Opinioii 
 ot the Ancients, exceliive Cold, as being full of 
 liigh Mountains. 
 
 Tlie Lengtli of it is about 500 Leagues, the 
 Breadtii varying, as ending iijinewhat like a Cone, 
 and !',cneraily Ipcaking, inhabited by four forts 
 of People. The molt Southern liv'd in tlie Plains, 
 and on craggy Mountains, williout .my Habi- 
 tation, feeding on what they kill'd, and carry'd 
 about Mats to ferve them tor lioules, orT'enls. 
 The Northern liv'd in Marlhes, and led upon 
 mil, both of i!ie;n equally fierce-, the Nor- 
 tiierii the tailed, and the Soutliern the more bru- 
 tal. Oiliersiioru toUarknel's, deiiy'd theml'elves 
 the enjoynieiit ot tlie Air, lying buried molt of 
 their D.iys in Caves uniler ijround. Tlie lali: 
 liv'd 111 fmall \ ill.iges about the Pl.^ms and Moun- 
 tains, beiii)', more civiU/'d by the 'Neighbour- 
 hood ot Pi:n. They are all given to Moth, and 
 value neithir Silver nor Hrais, lonie of whitli 
 llie\ have, for Gold there is none. They make 
 
 
 
 
 is to be obferv'd, that the>/«"/y/; lnhabit;i its Viiei'l Siieep tocarrv their Burtli-iis,like thol'e b 
 
 \ 
 
 X X 
 
 fort 
 
Vi 
 
 T ARAGV AX 
 
 f< re Tpokcn of iti Peru, Here arc Lions no hic,- 
 £,cr rl„iii .) Maflilf, but not fo ftrnng, or fierce, 
 without Manes, and only terrible for their roar- 
 InK •, but the Tigers are fiercer than ni any o 
 thiT CdMntrv. 
 
 The chief Rivers are two, the one fall'cl 
 T)iilcc, or fwi'Ot, and the tAhixSalido, or Salt, 
 from tlie r.ilk' of their VV'aters. Both, tho' in- 
 creas'd bv uiany other, incapable of carrying a- 
 nv but little Boatf, and that not in all Places. 
 Ne\t to thcfc IS CorcarMinl, and fonre others 
 not worth namiiig, whicli are cither I'wallow'd 
 up by tlie F.artli, or lofe themfelves in lakes. 
 Some of thcin petrifie Sticks and Bones , and 
 ranfe great Swellings nnder tlie Chins of Men and 
 Bearts, which are difTolv'd by the Waters of o- 
 ther Rivers. This fcarcitv of Rivers is futtici- 
 entlv macle amends for bv the multitude of Springs 
 I'lilliinp, from the V\'<i(!ds and Mountains, as alio 
 the I akes ui man^ Plains, wliicli was the Rea- 
 fon that m('l1 of the Province was well Peo- 
 pled. That l^arr wliicli lay next to Pern, was 
 fubjert to the l/i.'n , tlie rell to many Ci- 
 ciqua, K'ls dirtincl in Manners tliaii l.anguafies. 
 Thev I'eldom combin'd to repel their Knesnies, 
 wliicli was a great help to the Spitniirds towards 
 fiibduinsiof them. 
 
 The City ot S.iiiti.igo del Fjhco is the Metro- 
 polis of Tiuiini.tn, and Billiop'sSec, featedon the 
 B^nksof the River call'd Duke, or Sweet, in 
 r.8 Decrees of South Latitude, and inhabited by 
 500 Spivif/h Families, befides grcjLt Numbers of 
 MtflijLou and Mulattoes. The Country about 
 it is inhabited by many Thou(;u'.d Families of Na- 
 tives, all converted, and becoirtc a very civiliz'd 
 I'eople. 5. Aiich.ielwM the firll Town the Spa- 
 vimAs founded in this Country, 28 Leagues 
 North-weft from 5/i«;'.<i!i», on a Plain at the foot 
 ft hii^h Mountains, well water'd, which renders 
 tbeTerritorry fertile, producing abundance of 
 Wheat, Harlev, and Grafs, lb that there is I'len- 
 t\ of Cattel-, as alio much Cotton, and Hax, 
 and fome \Vine,befides abundance of VVtxxi for all 
 \\\'j%. The Air is reckon 'd the wholfomcrt of 
 ?ny Part of the Province. Cordova, another 
 lar£;eTown, is in 32 Degrees and a half of South 
 latitude, in a temperate, and delightful Climate, 
 with equal Winter and Summer, and all the Ter- 
 ritoV) full of Cattel, great and fmall, by reafon 
 of tlie excellent Pafture ■, and befides Corn, and 
 all other NecelTiries, here are plentiful Salt-Pits. 
 This Place is conveniently fcated, as being in 
 tile Koid from Buenos yi).res to Peru, and there- 
 fire has a cuniiderable Trade. The Inhabitants 
 lire ah'>'.;c jco 5,').wi<i><^^, whole main Bufinel'sis 
 1 ili;u',f, and making of Cotton Cloth, which they 
 le!l at l''itr,l:. lijreco, or Nuejira Senor:i dc 'I'al.i- 
 iira is to the North of S. Mich.iel,!iolt.i,or Le>- 
 ,n I North ot that, and Xuxui, or S. bidv.tdo)', 
 the molt Northerly of them all, being within a 
 IX'i'.rce of the Tropick. Londres , oir London, 
 uliy to calld I do not find, lies Weft from N. 
 A'f.vnel, Kiuj.i nexttlie Frontiers of Ciiyo^ befides 
 which, there .ire feveral other Places of Ids Note, 
 h.tve nothing remarkable. 
 
 Ifie Piov ince of Rio dc la Plata 
 
 Rorders Northward on t!liat of P.ii.igiuy^ pro- 
 perly f) calld, iind Part of Para,i.i ■, Welivvurd 
 >,,\^ i hiH ru/t, on the South it ha-) the A/jf,elliifntk 
 Plains and 011 the Kail V'laica, ,ind tlie Ctean. 
 
 It lies all along the River of the fimc Name, 
 on both fides of it, and thence has tlie Name, 
 the Extent beiiiii '''^ ''""c ^^^ that of the River, 
 that is zcu Leagues from North to South', but 
 from Eaft to Weft, the greatcll Breadth I'carce 
 exceeds icio leagues-, yet, to fiy the Truth, the 
 1 iinits of thefe Provntes are not well aiirertain'd, 
 efpecially thole between this and T«f//»;,/w,bccaul'c 
 there are no lioundaries, the Country being all 
 a Plain, without the Icaft Hill, nor fo much as 
 a Tree, Houle, or Hut. 
 
 The River which gives its Name to this Pro- 
 vince, was by ihe Indiimi i:A\\'d Pariin.t, fignify- 
 ingaSea, for they reckim'd the P.«-.v;,»;ind this 
 all one, but the Sp.mijrdi cM this the River of 
 PI lie, from the Mouth to the Place where the 
 Ptr.nu and the P.irngti.ty meet, the latter where- 
 of has been already Ipoken of, and the other 
 Ihall be in its Place. The Name of the Riyer of 
 Plite was given it on account of a confidera- 
 ble Parcel found by foinc who went very far up 
 it, whicji give thein hopes of rich Mines to be 
 found in the Ncighbourhood,but what they found 
 had been brought from Peru, and all this Coun- 
 try, as has been liiid, produces none. To return 
 to the River o( Plate, it commences, as wasfaid, 
 where the two others join, in 33 Degrees of South 
 latitude, ai 1 runs 200 Leagues to the South, 
 and South-eail , all the way Navigable for the 
 greateft Ships, and full of delightful lllands. The 
 Mouth of it is reckon 'd 60 Leagues wide,tho' it is 
 truelbme allow but 30, which vaft difference pro- 
 ceeds from the taking of it farther up the Land, 
 or out to Sea, for all the lateft Writers do al- 
 low it 60. Several great Rivers fall into it on 
 both fides, and among them, thofe call'd Rio l^er- 
 >nefo, Rio Duke, Rio SjLtdo, Carc.inud, and 0- 
 thers on the Weft, and the mighty one of Z!y- 
 viiici on the Eaft, not to mention uthers of lefs 
 Note. In lliort, this is in all Probability the 
 greateft River in the World, for Breadth, and 
 continued Depth, tho' perhaps that of the yimu- 
 zo>is, or others may equal, or exceed it in length 
 of Courfe. 
 
 The Natives inhabiting next the Mouth of this 
 River on the South fide, where Buenos Ayres 
 ftands, are call'd ihtirandies , when firft difco- 
 ver'd, they were a wandring Nation, like the A- 
 rabs, often changing their Dwelling-Places, and 
 removing their Huts^ fierce, and Man-eaters, 
 who at firft put the Spaniards to much trouble, 
 and deftroy'd many of them. Above thefe arc the 
 TimbneSf and Circ.ircs, a People then living moil 
 upon Filii, but more peaceable and courteous 
 than the others. The relt were, for the moft part, 
 the O'uarania/ij, before fpoken of in Paraguay, 
 and for thofe on the North lide of the Mouth of 
 the River, they will be mention'd in the Province 
 of Vrvaka, to which they belong. 
 
 The Produfl is much the fame as is liiid of tiK 
 other Provinces, that is, all forts of European, 
 or Ameriian Fruit, where Planted, and both 
 forts of Wheat, as alio Cotton, and Sugar. But 
 the moft wonderful increafe of this Country con- 
 lifts in Cittelof all Kinds, for here being Plains, 
 as was before hinted, which extend 200 Leagues 
 in leiigi!', and thefe abounding in Pallure, the 
 Beafts brought out of Spam have multiplied to 
 liich a prodigious degree, that they are all in 
 common, and no Man ha. any Property in them, 
 but wholoevcr has occal'ii;!!, takes what he wants. 
 T he HHinber oj' black Cattel is fo great, that 
 
 they 
 
 Degn 
 
 .f'd Bl 
 
 £'>■' •'( 
 The :/J 
 
 »ns (ml 
 
 The ^^l 
 
 StrictsI 
 
 .1)1. <, 
 
 ot tlicii 
 
 vernoiil 
 
 deep T] 
 
 Eeddi, 
 
 and till! 
 
 50CO CI 
 
 Ipecialll 
 
 "lit! ihif 
 
 Ml that! 
 
 villous \ 
 
 tioii'il 
 
 /•; Sepp\ 
 
 S.i/ii,, 
 
 I'P the I 
 
 ^crrii, 
 Hide oil 
 lite to 
 i'.rrM:a\ 
 
 loDlidei 
 
PAKAGVAY, 
 
 5«9 
 
 iVicloftlic 
 European, 
 Md both 
 
 u^ar. But 
 
 jimtry con- 
 ing Fliiins, 
 
 ,00 Leagues 
 tlure, Uic 
 
 ulciplictl to 
 
 are all in 
 
 tv ill them, 
 
 ;it hi; wants. 
 great, that 
 they 
 
 Tliey kill many Thoufands every time Ship"! ro 
 for Sp.tin. only for the Hides, leaving tlie Cwr- 
 lafles to pcdevoiir'd by Birds of Prey, wlicrcof 
 thcTe are no If r> Nnrebers ^ nay, when they 
 h.ive not vent lor the Hides, they kill thirn on- 
 ly for the Toiij^ues. Iholi- who will not be 
 ,11 the trnnhle of catching!; thofe Ikalh, ma\ buy 
 a p,ood fat Cow for twoShiUiniis, or lef-i. The 
 fame is to be nnderftood of I lories, wlildi are no 
 lels nmnerons. and haveno Dwners, but he wlio 
 wants,t;\kcs wliat he likes, a:id breaks it, or may 
 buy one 1 ead\ broke for a I'iere of Eii;ht,and thele 
 not poor Jades, but of tlie true Siuini/f) breed, 
 llroni^.nietilelome, and fervireable KealU, fit for 
 \\'ar,and all other Ules •, and it is certain the Sp.i- 
 iii.iuis here can bi in^ vi"<'"l!orfe nito the field, 
 uf Lidi.tiis well mounted, acionter'd and iliki- 
 rhn'd, as t. ^rff avers to his own Knowledi^e, 
 liiivini', been loni; a Niidioncr in tliole farts. 
 
 Of i'artridg.is there ure Huh Multitudes, tliat 
 tliey a i.iy fe kill'd witli a Stick, being as tame 
 IS our liens, and as Uu>;e as they. IheirHread 
 14 made ot the bill V\ heat , antl as wime as 
 Snow, but tlie N.itivcs want Salt. ;\11 the I'nel 
 tliey burn, is of Almond and IVaih Trees, there 
 bcin^', no ether, and whole Woods of llkfe, all 
 1 l.mted by the 'ihimard:^ who keep thtui np 
 by only puttii'i', ilie Kernel, into tlie Oround, 
 ,11, d tile next Year they bear. 
 
 1 lie Kcturn fir / iirofcan G mmodities is im- 
 inenfe, tliey i;ivc a Crown for a twopenny 
 Knife, for a Hat not worth z .<. here, 10 or 12 
 Crowns i for a Gun of 10 or 1; Shillings, 30 
 f ^rowii', and lo in Proportion tor other things. 
 Nay they will give two v.o<k1 liorles for a lix- 
 penny Knife, a good C>xe for a few Needles. 
 
 The Town of t<i:ciios Ayres is fcated in 35 
 Degrees of South Latitude about 60 Leagues 
 from the iSiouth of the t',reat River, upon a 
 !;eiitl\ riling (.uo'iud, iiealthy, and plcalant, as 
 the Name imports, lor liiuiias Wj^rj, is good 
 Air. The Hollies >nid Chuiches have none but 
 h'.wfS V\ail',tht' former but one Story high.not for 
 wai't of Stone, but of Lime, which they have 
 but lately began to burn, as alio to make Tiles 
 •f'd Bricks. Since when they h.ive built a Stee- 
 ple, ancl intend a Church of tliole Materials. 
 The ''Jtju'.ti aie the .■\rchiiefls, and certain /«■;- 
 nHs feiit (roiiiihe level al Canii ns the V^orklnen. 
 The wi.ole fown conlilts oi two prinripal trots 
 Streets, but it has four Monattenes, u\ t'ximij- 
 (,i?/.i, Vo/,.i/iiC.:/i<, 'lunha, uim, and .7(y/:/V.f, all 
 of them verv poor. Tiie C^iiiUe where the Go- 
 vernour rclVdes, has I'lily N'ud Walls, with a 
 decpTrencli, defended by 9C0 Spniunds. The 
 Ecclefi.iltiral tjoveniirent lonlitts of aBi]hop, 
 and three Canons, wfofe llevenue is not above 
 50CO Crowns, wlmli is very inconfiderable, e- 
 Iprciallv conlidernig the little • alue of Plate, 
 and ilie great Price of any Kutoihui Commodities 
 ni that Plate, to make amendi for which, Pro- 
 vilioiis are almoll for nothing, as has been men- 
 lion'd already. Moll of this Atct.unt is troin 
 f. .v/i/), who was there in ihe Year i6v7.. 
 
 Smu.i Ic, the next S;aH:i!> Town, is 80 Leagues 
 np the River tiom lihcuos Jyes , and in about 
 31 Degrees of South Lativncie, on the lame lide. 
 kcrm.Hi is ne.ir 50 leagues higher in the lati- 
 tude of Z7,<ni the fall fide of the River , oppo- 
 lite to the Place wiiere the P.ir.i?j!.i\ and the 
 l'.!>\in.i meet. S.mt.i l.mit, and Ci.iii.if^ are in- 
 eoididerable \ illiige? between the two lath 
 
 The Province of Parana 
 
 Has its Name from tlie great River fi) call'd, 
 which is it< Honndary on the South and Raft, 
 dividing it from the I'rovinccii of linenos yiyrn, 
 Vrvaiv.iy and Cui.iyra-^ on the North it joins the 
 unknown Inland wc call of Braz.il, and on tlie 
 Weft that of P.naa^iiity, tlie extent of it mav 
 be reckon'd 200 I tagiies, which is what is well 
 known,all ahi^ve that not yet con(iuer'd,or conver- 
 ted,thegreatell Breadth being about loo Leagues. 
 The River /'<;>-./w.i runs above 300 leagues be- 
 fore it joins the Piir.ifji 1} ,at which Place,as has been 
 laid, tlie .'>p.W(,f-<Vi have ciiang'd its Name,and from 
 tiieContiux to the Mouth calf it the River oi Plate, 
 The Name ol I'.u.in.t liginties a Sea, given on ac- 
 count of itsgreatnefs, and fometiiiies they call'd 
 it l'M:iii.ip,u.iui, that is, the great Sea. it has 
 the quality of petrifying Wood, as is daily feen, 
 and the Governonr l-erdmavd yirms fet np <i 
 wiKiden Pillar thus turn'd into Stone in the Porch 
 of ins Houle. 1 he Soringsof it are I'carce known, 
 as lying far up in the Inland of />c,;ti7, whence 
 it is South anil South- weft, cutting the I'rovince 
 ot Cii.iyia ill two, and then running between thole 
 of /'.I' ../,'.; and e.Vf,j(t.;, till it loies its Name, as 
 has been laid. 
 
 In the middle of this River is an Illand i3 
 Leagues in Compafs,befct with Rocks and Whirl- 
 pools, wliieli render it atmoft macceltible , and 
 was therefore formerly the lortreisofihe Natives 
 againrt the Spaniards. Botli tJie Shores, as well 
 where open, as where wooded, produce a multi- 
 tude of Heaftsand Birds,elpecially Parrots. three 
 times as big as thofe of other Parts, ancl molt 
 beautifully feather'd. Several Nations inhabit 
 along its Banks, dilTering little in any thing but 
 Languages, excepting thofe wlio liv'd upon a cer- 
 tain fot of Earth dried at the Fire, and then 
 dippd in the fat of Vilb, an unaccountable Diet. 
 Yet thefe (everal Nations all agreed in fierccnefs, 
 and oppofing the Sp.ini.iyds, who liiftain'd great 
 Loffes by thein, till they were at lall civilu'd, 
 and brought toSubjcftion, only by the Preaching 
 of the Tf/«)/jand the FrM/nfcMi, who drew them 
 from their falvage way of Iwiiig dilperfed, into 
 Towns, where they all profels Chriftianity, ac- 
 knowledge the King of Spain (ot their Sovereign, 
 and are "exempted from all Duties, or Burtliens, 
 liaving no Sp.intflj GarriCons, nor any other Gover- 
 nours but thofe Religious Men. The Towns 
 built here were 5. j4mie, on the Lake j4ppiipm, 
 It.ipiia on the great River, 60 leagues above its 
 Mouth •, Jcaraiy 60 Leagues higher ■, r^iiaz.n, on 
 the Ealt fide of the tiime River, and upon the 
 River luiiizji. Cut.ipa, and Inti, more remote 
 from the Parana on tlie Welt fide. 
 
 The Province of Guayra 
 
 On the North lies along the Inland of ^r.it/7 ^ 
 on the Weft it borders on the Captainlliip of i 
 I'lMon, in the fame Country, and part of the O- 
 rcan, on the South it has the Province of Vir- 
 viii.i, and limie part of P.nana, and on the \Veft_ 
 tlie River I'.iratn parts it from the Province of 
 that fame Name. Its greateft Length from Eall 
 to Well M near 200 Leagues, and the Breadth 
 fioiu North to South may be fet at about 120, 
 there being no certainty in the Northern Li- 
 mits. 
 
 i 
 
 ' 'il 
 
 il 
 
 
 ill 
 
 
 u 
 
 XXX2 
 
 It« 
 
po 
 
 TJR AGV A% 
 
 Its Sitiutii n Iiint', mod niitlir tin- Tropid >j(' 
 Cifriroiu, riiKlirs it exridlvc lint iiiid iii(>'it, ,iii(l 
 coiifniiii'iitly viTv friiitdil in IVovifidii'^, .ind no 
 lefs Cubiift to Dilcilts, bciiu' miicli (iitcr I'nr tlic 
 habitiitioil of liiilfts lli.iii Mill, ;inil >ct it w;l^ 
 iiidifTcriMitlv IViiplcd at tlic firll dining dl the 
 5p.w(V/>v/t, as appears by tlic Kuihj ■.! iiiaiiv \ ilia 
 nes dcllrnv'd by Siikiids, and by tlic niliiiinaiie 
 dnvumawav tlie Natuis by thi.' /'o<//ij((m/<j nt 
 lir.ijl, as wc llall fee 111 its I'laic. Tlie Inlia 
 hitants of twn little Siuwijh TuWiis luTc art the 
 P<ift«rltv<)f I'liiie will) (cttleii litre in the Year 
 1550. The wliole Natiuii lives iiiirerably, lia 
 viim ni) lireati but what is made oi tlie Kn. it 
 Matiiliuii, nur any i Ulli but iliat of wild 
 Bcalls. 
 
 Here are many Trees that yield Halfam, and 
 ti'c Woods are full of (irvcial liji tsof l-niitl I'ecs, 
 and anioim thciii aliuiidaiue of Swine, witli a 
 tlimn like a Navel 011 tlieir iiaik^. Wild Kees 
 there areabiiiidante, but their Wax will never 
 be made white, \et the Honey is i;o(k.I. Snakes 
 there are of liiiulry lorts, wliitli do nuitli harm 
 to NUii and IValls, ;ind this (iountry allonis 
 little ell'c reinarkahle. The Uiver P.ii .iii.ip.in runs 
 down into thisCjunitry lioin the Mountains nf 
 iiy:iiil, alnioll as lan;e as tlie P.iiiininy , and 
 fills into the P. ir. 111,1^ alter it lias reieiv'il the 
 Ttbixi'jii, I'ir.ipMi, It.iiniu, and otiier lell'er 
 Streams ■, both Tides of it tover'd with (irveral 
 firts of Trees, of wliiili the Natives value the 
 Cedar* im II, liiine whereof are fo bi^', and t.dl, 
 that there are \ellels made out ol Inu'Je Trunks, 
 wliith carry 20 Oars. Here the, /f//.'/(j built t'.ie 
 Town of 0;/i- l.idy of Lorctto, and 4 Leagues 
 frouiit, tl'.atof S. I^ii.itins, as alio a fourth, call'd 
 Jt.ib.i/.icn, and tlie liidiMK beinj^ tlieii protected 
 from any Dpprellion of the S;.irii.i,iJj ^ in pm- 
 cels of tunc built eleven more. 
 
 1 he CroviiKC of llrvaita 
 
 Has tlie (Jieanon the Eaft, the fame Ocean 
 and River I'f /Vi'f oil tlie South, P.ir.Mj on tUc 
 VVtlK and (11: !y,,t on the North, extending from 
 25 to ?i Decrees of South Latitude, The leni;th 
 of it Nortli calt and Sotitliwefl, is about 300 
 J.ea.;u>^si and the Hreadth North-well and South- 
 ealK near 140, where molh 
 
 Tllie ^nat River Vrvnc.i rifes out of a fuiall 
 Spring on the .N'ountains of Ih.iul, andiuusa 
 ciiiifi'Jeralle \^'ay very little obferv'd, till re- 
 ceiving many other Streams and Rivers, ii 
 Iwells e(\u..! to the Pnaguay, and falls into tht. 
 Kiv,-r ot /'/.(/(', a little above lincnos ylyics. 
 Having; left l<ri:^i!, it p,ive3 a turn, and takes 
 its C^oiirle aliiiolt parallel to xXk I'.tr.w!. V:r.\x 
 Stc iv.s ...^(1 Roi.r,s lying in itatctrt.iin Diftaiites 
 in.ike it iiaapal'le of Ships of Biirt!;en •, but tlic 
 V\ in'er l-l'jods make it Ipread abroad like a Se;i. 
 liT 2. olxajues from the luuree it runs with a 
 niij^lity Noi^c , beiii.;!, llreicilitned by continual 
 riut;i--s'of Rotks, and VVo:)ds, after which having 
 r)aiKl mi;re room, it i^lides ma s;ent!er manner, 
 'liie vvliolc Courl'e of it 13 abi'''e 4C0 Lea_gues. 
 
 '•Dic v. ikjcIs abounding 111 Monkeys, Tij^er;, 
 I-arrots, aii(' ir.any t)ther Creatures, diifer little 
 fr.iiii the Nei;j,'H.urint; I'n/vitii .'s, ,uid lormerly 
 the l''aiiis weie lull ol CJllruhcs, Lio;is,and (e- 
 vaal forts of (.joat?,and l)e.r ^ai prelent all that 
 v.tit e\teiu ot l.aiid, 011 b.-.tli lic'esol the River, 
 
 allure ci-Vcr'd with m inlimte 
 
 is 
 
 Kl, 
 
 of 
 
 Cows and llnrfej. There were many Nations of 
 barban lis Inhabitants, diftiiip,iiilli d tr<ini one a- 
 iiotlttroiily by dillerent I an>;uai;es-,ainon^ whom 
 the (iiiiii.i/iii/n^ betnrc fpoken of, excell'd the relK 
 botii m Number andaptiicfs tu be civili/'d, and 
 become Chrilliaiis. 
 
 Hilloviial Account of thcfe ProvincM. 
 
 The fir ft /■./»'//)(■/« we find tohayebeenin tlicm, 
 was ,-//i ri/<( (/.(i-c/.i, a Puriiriiitfe ^ fent by tlie 
 C'K.veriiour of Kr.tul 111 the Year 1524, to dil- 
 cover i!ie liil.md, witli his Son, threeother Po-t- 
 tit^iHja, and a conliderable lumiber of J/iiIimk^ 
 who travcU'd to the Confines ot PerH^ and t:ia- 
 tlierini', a meat iiii.uiiuy of I'latc, in his return- 
 was kili'd, with mull of Ins Men. Hclore his 
 Death was kiiuivn in /Ir.iiil, dcorge SidcuijoviM 
 lent out with 60 /V/>7.7^/(f/f.(, and niaiiy Jnduins 
 to his Alliitance, all whicli Pv>fii^iitJrj\st:reA\ 
 lo delhoy'd, and only foine of the Jiuii.iiu re 
 tiiru'd to /)'< li;/. 
 
 Notion^; alter, tliat it, in tlie Year 1526, Se- 
 ll. ijli.iii O.iLor, who had ditiovev'd l-^iifjm.i lor the 
 Kiii^ of Iru'h/iil, beii);'. employ'd by the I'.inpe- 
 roiir Cii.iiLt the l-iflli,c,ime to tlie River i>\ PLiie, 
 firll dilcover'd by ■./.// I)t.:i. ileSo-lr-, 111 the Year 
 1515, and laylint; up it to the Mouth of the/''<- 
 • ..■;;//i|, run 40 l.eaj.',iiesiiptliat, till he came tu 
 tlie I'lace vsliere W/(.vj(.-j(<.iM.,<, above-tnentuai'd, 
 !iad been kili'd, and there fuind all the I'late ta- 
 ken from the laid (/.(/t;.(, whldi lie fuppoling to 
 be the I'roduiit ol theCountr\, bou;;!it up, bc- 
 'jcviiij; he had made a rich Diliovery, and there- 
 fore leaving, 120 Men in a Fort he creeled at the 
 Mouth ot the River C.i; i-.i>;i!,ii.i,AhoM 30 Leagues 
 above the I'lace wlicre liiioms A\res iUucIs,* lie 
 hailed into Np (/»;,_ and fpread fudia Tame of the 
 V\eali.!iot that Country , as caus'd the River 
 io be callcl ot / / 7r, and prevail'd with abun- 
 dance ot (leiitry o| ilie bell Families in Sy.i:>/to 
 enter themlelves under P^ier Ac A/oiduz..!, a Man 
 ot the firll equality, appointed by the Kmpcrinir 
 to fettle Colonies there, f > that he had ;2C0 
 Landmen, i\\\(i(j:iLut coinmanded the fleet. 
 
 Ahi/ilo:..! it was that firll founded Kncnoi Ay, r>., 
 wiiich his Succtlfor fr.d.i abandon'd to build the 
 City of the AI]ii/.:piio)i.M'ur him the Govcruour 
 Alv^ir A'lmci. C.ilifi.:ide r.ii.t continued the Dif- 
 coveries to the upper Part of Par.inn.iy, and he 
 and his Siucellor rebuilt liucnos yirrcs, and fet- 
 tled all the other Colonies mention'd in the I)e- 
 ■/ription ot the Province , moll of winch was 
 !'ui<ellively fubdu'd by Force of Anns, with great 
 lo!-ot the-Yw/.j;./,', the Natives being nuineroih, 
 I'.^rce, and ubhurniij^ 10 lubmic to a Foreign 
 Yoke. 
 
 W hilft this Province was fettlin", one C.tf.ir^ 
 a Soldier beloni;nn', to d.ibo'^ 111 the Ye..r 1530, 
 uiidertihjk to find out a. Way from the River of 
 PI Hi Ko Pc-H, wi:!i only three Coaipanioiis^ and 
 was the lirll tl'.at came into the Province ot I'l:- 
 I'VA'.v', whicii he croi's'd over intoC'/j//c, and 
 tience to y.-.v, travellinfj about 2coo Leagues 
 by land. Five Years after, two other SpuiiJ/j Sol- 
 diers, with incredible boldneis, pcrloriu'd the 
 laine Journey th.roi^h 1 miiw.in to Pcy.i, filliug 
 tlu'ir t-Aijntry:iieii witli Hopes of a vail tuipire. 
 y\ccordi'igly u\ i^^o,r',i(..i di (.'ijho, then Vice- 
 roy of yViv/, k'At jo.M dv R'jjii over the Moun- 
 tains ot Pint Willi 200 Spiniurds, and he being 
 kiU'dby the Way, they chok t'r am a McndoT.i 
 
P ,1RAGV AT. 
 
 ?»» 
 
 i,.«. 
 
 til ;il)un- 
 
 S'i>,lill to 
 
 a Man 
 K\ti ;;co 
 
 (.-Ct. 
 
 build the 
 jovcniciiir 
 d tlic Dil- 
 
 and he 
 
 md fct- 
 lii tlic !)<;- 
 
 iich vviij 
 with great 
 luunci'oih, 
 
 Forcijiii 
 
 noils, and 
 
 J he biiiiifi 
 
 for t! sir rcimmandi-r, \vitli whom thfv irarrhM 
 to ih.- Kivir it f/.i/f, where they inmth'r'd 
 thivr Offcer, and tparrli'd batk the fainc VVav 
 ti'vv rainc. In 15.(9 ''0/7/ AVwrs. Pntda, vith a 
 Companv f>f brave Sfnn/ixii pciti'trated from 
 Pf),/ into till- Heart of 7/iiitfij.w, where he built 
 the T(-wii cf >'. Mchul, rxi t/it Hank«i of the R\- 
 ver IlifiV.:. Ill 15<i% Ir.imit tie //i;/(;>>-< , tvwt 
 cult of Ci.'j/f bv" tlie t'lovertioiir l-'.ddivi't with 
 2CO Nicii, di (Vruv'd th.' Tnwnof >. A/ich.id, and 
 built tlie Citv <■'( S:!>jn,ira, fince the MettO|iulis 
 1)1 t!ie I'riiviwe, and a l!ill,cij)% See, on the Ri- 
 v;T Jh'lir, iiiid inzS I\i'.recbi>f South Latitude. 
 Ill 1558, J" )i Ciomez. y^kr it. I cimi; out o( ('liilt 
 v.illi frtdi 1-orre-, aid built the ('itynf London, 
 tiifuih tiie barbarous Natives call'd C.dch.itj nines , 
 lebiiili theTown ot 5. .'l/,(/Mf/,aiid rais'd tlie tort 
 (.t C'Diiov.i, I'liifcfiri.wn to a("itv. He made lb 
 coirp'eat a (roiicjuelt of all tlie ('ouiitrv, tlut lit- 
 tle more had reinaiii'd to do, but that lie was 
 rfUtcd, and lent awav to I cm by (V/fp,.j(>C;- 
 Ji.ifiedii, another Sii.un.ird, wliercupon the Indi- 
 ■in< revolted , and delhoy'd leveral Colonies, 
 whiih io(f iiiudi l>i(H-d to be retlor'd , but at 
 length the /iicceediu^ Cioveniours pacified all a- 
 j;;un, and fix'd the leveral Towns above menti- 
 on d ill the Deliription, whuh reinani to this 
 Dav, .md all the Natives 111 l'ub)e<tion, and con- 
 verted to the Chriilian l-aitli, tlie >'(/'"'' luviii^ 
 dr.iwn them froui liieir barbarous courle of Life 
 t.) live in Towns, and by dejirees pcrfciUy ci- 
 viliy.'d them. 
 
 As for tlie three Provinces of P.ir.m.i, Ci:.>\r:t, 
 and V>i\i;i;i, they were never any of them con- 
 <\uer'd by lorceot Arms, but the Jifutts undcr- 
 t(X)k the reducing of thole brutal Nations to Chri- 
 rtianity, and Subjeflion to the Crown ut Sp^un. 
 This they perform'd with much Labour, living a- 
 mong thole brutal People to learn their I aii- 
 f.uages, and leeduif, on Inch milerable Diet .is 
 was natural to the Salvages, their Habitations 
 being none but lliitsmade of Mats. Beint; tluis 
 become ari]uainted, they be^an to inllruct them 
 111 the l-aitli , fliew'd them the Advar.t.iges 
 of a polite, civil Life, and prevail'd upon t'leiu 
 to gather into Towns, where they put themlelves 
 cntncly under the Direction of thole lathers', and 
 tills the mo'e williui^lv, becaule they protected 
 ihem againil any Invalion troin the Sokliers, or 
 Subiei'tioii to the Sp:,:ip Govcruours. Yet the 
 ['■.ifiiultie* to be overtome were immenle, the 
 iVople being naturally lb i'alv.ige, having little 
 Notion of aC,K.J, being addicted to Sorcery, 
 .aid Saperftiiioii, and iniiulging themlelves in all 
 manner of \ ice , and brutal h.itisfidtions, and^ 
 were inhumane ,\ian-eaters. To break them of 
 all tliele horrid Praclices, and iiiilll good Do- 
 ctrine into inch tliiiv.d Creatures, was an iiure- 
 dible labour •, yet Patience, and continual Ap- 
 plicitMii, gave daily greater Hojhs of buecels, 
 moit C'f liiote People taking an Aii'ettion to the 
 ',':fiiir.f^ antl putting tliemii-lves under their Di- 
 r.flion. 
 
 Ill ihemidrt of this Succel's, the A/.iw.ilnc., as 
 ;;;e i'-iiui^rcjis c.iU tlieiii , to •. ill the (.)di- 
 im of their \ iSlaiiies from their owu Name, be- 
 i.ig worle than tlie molt lalvage indi.u.s, j ut a 
 ,i\Mt llop to theieproiperous tie,u;,iiiiiings , and 
 ii.ight luve quite overthrown all that had been 
 ('1 lie !•>■ their Inliim anities. In lliort, ihele .!/.- 
 . .(/;/cj were 110 otl er thitii the i\.aee 1 1 the hrit 
 I r.iiui-.eft Planieis of B:a-JI^ ^ot upon Jridi:m 
 
 Women, and with tl'em .Jl the rorni:.i'iits U^'^n 
 all Parts, who lov'd to live unoii Kapinc and 
 \ illanv, lo ihu cill them by wliat Nameli)ever, 
 ihcv wirena'-iral Horn Poii: ,\tiefts, and the Sons 
 of lerh, with anew Name to excufe the Nation. 
 TN.le Milcreaiits gathenni', in gre.it Numbeis, 
 f 1 leveral Years made it their bulinefs t .flly 
 out iipi'ii the Indi.ws about them, who'n they 
 drove awav like Herds of Cattel to Bnt:, where 
 they lold them openly for Sl.ives. The King of 
 Spain fent repeated Orders to punilli them, and 
 prevent the like for the futiue^ but the Fault 
 was not only theirs, for t'lty might have been 
 fooii fupprefs'd, which the (jrovernonrs, nor In- 
 hibitantsof Jii.idl did not care to do, botaufc 
 they were all their own Kindred, and .lifed by 
 ("oimivanie, as lurnilhiii:' them with Slaves at 
 eafie U.ites, which was wriat they wanted. Nor 
 are they any way excufable, fince tliey not on- 
 ly permitted them to go out upon thofe inhu- 
 mane Kxpeditioiis, but receiv'd them again at 
 their Return, and all"w'd the poor \\' retches 
 they hud f .re'd Irom their Beings, to be publick- 
 ly lold ill the Maikets, like Sheep. Thele Mon- 
 gers having made all the Countries near them 
 deiolate, at length broke into the Province of 
 (iu.iy) t, where, as has been fiid, theJc/ivVWiad 
 brought all the Natives into Towns, which they 
 fell upon, and after liutchering fueh as olferVl 
 todelend tiiemfelves, drove away alltherell in- 
 to milerable Captivity , and tho' lome jcpdis 
 follow'd into A'nii./ to demand fnllice of the 
 Governour, it was in vain, for, as has beat laid, 
 they were all conleiitmg, and Partaker'; in tliL' 
 Booty. This gave occaiion to many of liie Na- 
 tives to believe that the Fathers gaiher'd them in- 
 to Lovviis, that they miglit be the better carfy'il 
 away into Captivity, and therefore they conclu- 
 ded it was tiller to live difpers'd in the V\iK)ds. 
 At length one ol their C.iiu;ius, who had been 
 refcued, with a few others, by the Jrprirs that 
 went to lir:ii.d, uiideteiv'd them, and they be- 
 gan to gather attain, Init were not long at Peace, 
 lor the wicked /I/./'« inn retiini'd leveral times, 
 driving awMy MuUitutles, till at lall the Jefiiits 
 were obligd to abaiKUm all the Towns they had 
 lett 111 the upper Country, and retire farther 
 do'vn towards the River P.ir.vi.i. 
 
 No DiiLince was great enough to p.roteft them 
 againfl thele Devils incarnate, and therefore the 
 jtjiiits, tho' with much DirHculty and Oppolltion, 
 at length prevail'd that the Indi..ns might be 
 Arm'd, alter which they leveral times relblutely 
 enough eiigag'd the ALtin.dun witli vari.'ius for- 
 tune, and .It lalt gave them leveral loiilklerable 
 Deleats, alter \' hich many were cut oO ir. the 
 Woods, which lo diiunted them, that diey ne- 
 ver liiice return'd ^ Ihtwing tiicy were true 
 Villains, mercilels where there is no Dppolltioti, 
 and Ciiwards when any thing wiihlhuiils them. 
 Hitherto wt have in thele Aceounts for the molt 
 part lollow'd /'. dit'ltuw, in ins Hillory of P.t- 
 rii}[,'!.iy^ i\c. only lupply iiig what waswantiiigiii 
 hiin I'Ui ot l.ut, lltiicr.i, and S.injon, belides 
 fome tew things out of t. S(;)",\\ho having writ 
 his Account ol tliol'e Parts, where lie was then 
 Relident in the Year 1O92 , we will from liim 
 add a lliort Relitioiiof the Preleiit State of tiio 
 JndiMs, 111 the Province of 'i'rv.iK-', which with 
 Cin.iyt'i IS the particular Spiritual Comiuelt o( 
 the ,"/(/.'.',>.■, who have the entire Direction of tliole 
 P'eoplv. 
 
 The 
 
 ' lU 
 
 A 
 
 11 
 
 I ' -n 
 
 n 
 
m 
 
 T AR AGV AY. 
 
 T!ie Country is divided inti) 26 Cantons, each 
 of ilicm foittainii'i; 5, 6, 7, or 8oco Souls, or 
 prrhans a greater Number, with two Miliioiier«, 
 who have the whole Chari'.e of tlieir Temporal 
 and Spiritual Conceriis,lor they niulf not only in- 
 ftruft, and adininiller to tlieni as I'allors, but 
 to play tlie l^irt of Stewards, I'hyficians, Ar- 
 chittrts, Gardners, and in fine, c)rder every thin;^ 
 that is necefTiry for 1 ife. The Cantons are ge- 
 nerally feated on an Alient near tlie Kivers ~Jr- 
 v.iic.i and Paraii.t. Near tlie Cliunli of each 
 Canton isa Siiuart; 400 l-'init loni', , and as many 
 br^wd, the rell bcins?, divided into Streets ■, but 
 the l-kmfei are no oiher than Huts of (^lay, 
 th.itdrd, only foine few of late TiTd. lively 
 Hut conlills of butone Clianiber, without Win- 
 dow, or Chimney, all the Cellar being a Cala- 
 ball) full of Water. Tlie better lort lie in 11am- 
 uiocks, the rert on Tif^ers Skins, or Oxes Hides, ■ 
 with a Stone or Block for a Pillow. All the fur 
 niture of their Kitduii confiUs of two or tluec 
 Pots or Pans, the Hands (erve for Spoons, tlie 
 Teeth for Kiiivts.Tlie Door isa piece of Ox's Hide, 
 about 6 Spans high, and 3 in breadth, and with 
 in tliat one Room lies the whole Family, tho' 
 never lo numerous, with tliree or four Dogs, 
 and as many Cat-.. V\'heii the Maids are 14, 
 and the I acU 16, th.ey are prefently Marry 'd for 
 (ear of worfe, and there is no trouble about Por- 
 tion, or loiiiture, or any oth'r Articles, only tlie 
 Wife promifes to fetch Water, and the Husband 
 to furnilli fuel. 
 
 Facli Canton liasa!iandlbme-,lofty built CInirch 
 and Sieeple, with 4 or 5 liells, and lometiiiies 
 two Organs, but one certain, a hif;li Altar rich- 
 Iv gilt ■, belides 2 , or 4 fide Altars , a curious 
 Pulpit, ;, 4, or Sliver C'andleilicks, 3 or 4 pair 
 of filver Olfering \'eli"els, 3 lilver Croll'es, and 
 M large lilver Ciborium , the Chalices are 
 gilt, and all tlie Antepeialiums and \ ellments 
 a> lull as any 111 Liifopi. Kvery Sunday there is 
 high Mais, and a Sermon, the InJ.i.m Mulicians 
 jierfonmng their Parts well, havuigbeen taught 
 by the.y(,/.".f.'. 
 
 Tliefe l>i.{i.tn;, as dull as they are at Invention, 
 ire no lels ready and apt at Imitation ., lliow an 
 hdi.ui Woman a piece of fl.i/iJen Lace, aiidihe 
 will undo It with a Needle, and make exaitly tlie 
 like again. /'. Sepp faid he had two Organs, one 
 of vvl'.uh was carry'd fioin t.nrope^ the other 
 
 made bv the Natives foexacllv, thit there was 
 no (tirtiimiilbinu between them :, the lame of a 
 Printed Millal, which they copied fo nicely, 
 that it was i'auci: difcernable. They alfj make 
 Trumpets and Watches, .md lowill imitate any 
 thing to Perfection, provided they hive the Mo 
 del before thein,_ even to copyirt^ of Pidures 
 with great Curiofity. 
 
 Thev are monlkous F.aters when they have it 
 before rliem, and will devour an incredible (|uan 
 tityof 1-lellihalf raw, v-'t their Nature does not 
 reiiuireit, but tiiey do it out of (iluttony, and 
 therefore the Millioiiers are their Store-keepers, 
 and every Dav deliver oiU th;ir Allowance •, Helh 
 is fo plenty that they need not ftint them, tlierc 
 being Millions of Cows to be had for nothing, 
 as was oblerv'd before, belides Iwarins of Hens, 
 Pigs, Coats, and Sheep, and fcarce a Canton but 
 ■ lias ? or 4000 liorfes, yet they value Mules at 
 a higher rate. One Sheep, or Lamb, is worth 
 three Oxen, or Ca)Ws, on account of the Wool. 
 Cott.ou there is enough, but no Hemp, or Hax. 
 Hats, which usJ to be excellive dear, are now 
 made by the ludimis. 1 here might be plenty of 
 Corn but tint the People will not t^ke Painsyind 
 barely are brou-'Jit to fow as mr.eh as may fervc 
 them, which is Imltm Wheat, and that they 
 pound li .1 Mortar, and boil witli their Meat, 
 or make ("akes on the i'lTibers, iiaviiig no O- 
 veiis, and all this through l.azinefs:^ for they 
 might have Fnit.j-iws VVheat and Bread if they 
 would, yet are they lo fond of our liread, that 
 they will give two or three Horfes tor a Loaf 
 of it. 
 
 Tho' there be fuch Plenty of Horfes, there arc 
 no Stables, iioraii\ Hay made, becaufe thcCat- 
 tel feeds all the Year up to the Knees in Grafs, 
 without being watch d,'! heft being either not un- 
 derilocd, or at leall not praftis'd among thole Jn- 
 ci'uv.s. Wholoever has occalion (or Milk, fends, 
 or goes into the fields, and milks the firll Cow 
 he meets with, and bniiiis home as much as he 
 has occafwn (or, the Milking-Pails being 110 <>- 
 ther than large Calabaflies. Theworft is, that 
 tliel-ield« are much infeiled with Tigers, which 
 lometimes coine down in Hocks, and devour the 
 Calves, but leldom the Cows or Oxen, becaufe 
 they are able to defend tlkiinfelves. Ihefe Ti- 
 gers are now the only Lnemics the Natwes fear, 
 or (o mtuh as know of. 
 
 CHAP. 
 
IT cyrend^ from 2$ Decrees of South 1 atitude 
 to the StreiRlit of AUijuil-m in <n, bciiis a- 
 bove 500 Leagues i the Brcaoth various. 
 ChiUy properly fo call'd, h.n:i\ not above 20 or 
 HO leapues, but including the Plains ;if Cuyn, 
 which run the whole lcnj',th, and are fabjifV to 
 its Government, it will be above 60 leagues 
 bnud. On the North it is contiguous, witlithe 
 rich Provinces of Ptru about the Mines ot io- 
 t.-ji, on the South it has the Streights of Af.ifid- 
 .'.;;/, on tl;e Eaft Tuiuinau, and the nnconqucr'd 
 .'./.y-tlLw.ik I ands, and on the Weil the South 
 Seni This F.vtent Southward is given it bv Ov.ille, 
 .vlioni we Ihall follow ni the Account of this King- 
 dom, asthemoftapprov'dof anv, being a learn- 
 ed Man, born tliere , and inhabiting', the moil 
 part of h's lite, and therefore fpeaking inollly 
 p.n his own Knowledge, and not by hcarlay. 
 
 Yet our Maps generally carry a,ile no farther 
 than 47 Degrees of South latitude, and with 
 re;: %i enough, that being the farthefl inhabited 
 by Sp.ynards, all beyond it cxcellivc cold, and 
 as (uch not yet fubducd. But our Author Car- 
 ries it to the Sfreii;lit of Maf^eltnti^ becaui'c the 
 Mountains Amies run To far, and there is no cer- 
 tain Southern Botind.:ry till you come to the faid 
 Streight. 
 
 This Kingdom he divides into c/;//f, properly 
 focall'd, the lllands. and the Province of C«y<j 
 or Chuaiytn. The lllands we Ihall leave tube (po- 
 ken of i.mong the red of thofe belonging to South 
 Jmoiai i of the two Parts in the Continent 
 wc will treat in tins Place, without giving any 
 general Account of them together , fot.inuuch 
 as the dirterence between, tho' ni the fame Lati- 
 tude, is !o great, that tiotbinji can be faid in 
 
 common. 
 
 I 
 
^H 
 
 CHILE, 
 
 common, the twovafvingas .n-jch in allrcfpefts therefore we proceed to '.!..• Table 'of principal 
 as if they were Antipodes to one another, and Town*, -is has been doi". ui other Pro.uiccs. 
 
 'Copiapa. 
 CSti.ijco. 
 I.i Serena. 
 Coijutnbo. 
 
 (Chitapa. 
 Loiigotonut, 
 Chile. <Qicillata. 
 Concon, 
 MelitilU. 
 Santiago. 
 Itara. 
 ChilLm. 
 LZ,.i Conception. 
 
 The Kini^doin of Cliilc, properly fo ca'''d, 
 
 lies North, Weft, and Si)iu!i within the li- 
 mits above-mention'd, but on tlic Eall it hab tlic 
 vaft Mountains Arnks, which part it tVom the 
 Province of 0/)r, or Cl:ii(ii)io, benig under tlie 
 third, fourth, and fifth Climates, the longeit 
 Da\jn the third Climate 13 Hours, and 14 in 
 the fifth, but oppofite to Iui"'pe, for \ I.iuy'i Day- 
 is th>.' lony;eft, and S. /?;i)7;%'s the (liorteiV. 
 
 It much refembles Europe ni many relpeifls, 
 batiiu; that it is Sprint; and Summer ni the <iiie, 
 when It IS Autumn and Wjtitir in the other :, nor 
 are the lieat or Cold fo excellive as m taropr, 
 as far as the 45th degree of 1 atitude, for from 
 thence forward to the l-'ole the violent Cold be- 
 cins. (.generally fpeakni.;, t!ie Heat is not to 
 be complain'd of, Day or NiL;ht, nor is liere ever 
 any Lii^Iitninj;, and Thunder, only heard at a 
 great diftance on theMonntams, nor any Storms 
 of Hail, but conliant fair Weather in Summer, 
 and muder.ite Kaiiib in Winter. Aiiuiher iilef- 
 ling is, tli.ir there are no venomous Creatures of 
 any fort, nor any milthievous wild Ueails, ex- 
 (cpt l<)me few llnall Lions, which t;o\v and then 
 ilo harm among Cattel ■, and as ior Inlects, no 
 l^maile will live there, t!ioUi.;h br<..iij;ht fr^nn o 
 ther I'arts. 
 
 No Soil in all /J'/UTiL.t is fo conformable to 
 that of tar^'f.c as this, for it produces all lorts 
 of drain and Kruit broui'Jit from thence in Kt- 
 fciti'in, and at t!ie lame tune it yields all that 
 i;iows in.other Parts ot that New World j and 
 what IS molt to be adinir'd, is, tliatG/yo, the ve- 
 ry next I'lovmce in the Wime latitude dillers 
 in all lelnvicl-, as we ll;.ill lee when we come to 
 Ipeak of'it. 
 
 The Kxhes of C'/.i.'i'c ,ire immenle, for it ha>. 
 ( .. Id, Silvu, ( -opper. Tin, Cjiiuklilver, and i.e.id 
 Mine-. I f'e 1 eaii is nej'JeCliii, as ot litiL' nic , 
 the Quick llUer not yet iiauh us'd, beciiiii. I ite- 
 ; v' (iikover'd, mk\ Cii.i,;{..ibcl:c.i fupplies enoni'Ji 
 f.;r llle ^ the Tin neitlser is not inucli re^;ai(le(l •, 
 tlie Copper is iis'd lor Cannon, .iiid lii.ii>, ilie 
 Silver is not loiif;lit alter, I ecaule the t jold di.iws 
 away all the Appliiation. llicle_ tioltl ^\\\K, 
 i:e ill .ll'.illt; from l!ie Boideis of I'l'rn to tl;e 
 verv Sirei;;lit> ol Miif^ciiait. ;iiid many ol iluin 
 In rich, tli.U' an /,....:.. has been known tot;i:lii.r 
 ;ii,' value of li 01 14! oni.ds hlii 11114 '" a Day. 
 ihe (lold C\^:\ '■lit ol l!;e AJiiies loiis no iiidic 
 hoiiM,- Inn wallini" aw.iy tlit tarih whiili is 
 ..Uion^ ii.aud i!:v.ii ilie .Nktal 
 
 al remains pure. Iron 
 
 VAraixo. 
 
 jingol. 
 Impcri.il. 
 k'.tliiiv!.'. 
 Chile. < nila RicX- ' " 
 
 IOjorno. 
 S. Ccl'rt.tn. 
 C.iibiuo. 
 ^Lo> Ceto'itidos. 
 
 fS. J nan de la Front ct a. 
 CuyojOrChucuyto s Arc>idoz.a. 
 ^Oromantt, 
 
 is here of (greater \'alue than Silver, and there- 
 fore ir.oft Utenfils are of this lall Metal , 
 and tlic Soldiers have their Sword-Hilts, and 
 Plates on the Hntends of their Muskets of it, 
 Officers, and all otiier I'erfons of any Deforce 
 wearing none hu: Gold-hilted Swords. 
 
 As for other Wcaltli procur'd by Induftry, 
 here are vail Rreeds of Cattel, v.hole Tallow, 
 Hides, and dry'd Helli is fent to l\rii, ando- 
 tiler Parts-, Hemp {;rowin!^ in no other Part oi 
 Aihcrii.:^ and lerviii^; tor all lorts of Tai di.iL 
 and Cordaj^e, us'd alon^', t!ie South Se.s, , ^ i 
 Packtluead:, excellent NUiles convey'dby I .a 
 to I'eri:, belides generous Wine, and many to. T'; 
 of Fruits wliicli will not grow in other Pro- 
 vinces. 
 
 The .Moiuitains Andes., before fpoken of in Pc- 
 >v.', wiieii they come to C'/j/'/c join into one Ridj;e, 
 whereas before, as has been laid, they divide 
 vvitli a N'alley between, but liere iliae is iiu 
 ihmji but a coiitinu.il .Alcent from .M.iuntain to 
 Mountain, till ynu conie to one in the tiiiddle, 
 infinitely lii};her than t!ie reft, and i: is rvckon'tl 
 40 Lcai'jUes over from the bottom on the one 
 lide, to liie bottom on the other, the Alaiit lo 
 prodigious, ih.it 3 or 4 D.iys are fpent in m.imit- 
 iiu', to the top, and as inaiiy again in gi.ingciown. 
 Tile Air on the top is iii v;olcnt lliarp ami thin, 
 that thole who travel are lain to iioid ilieir J land- 
 kerchiefs before tiieir Mouths to C/iidenle it, 
 left it lliould t.ike away their Breath, and prove 
 mortal. In other l^irts I'ali'e.igersare fiik, .tiul 
 troiiiilcd witli X'omitnif;, juftas if they were at 
 Sea, and others feel various Eft'etls, ,ib tlie a.lte- 
 ration of Air works upon their dilferent (^on- 
 ihtuti'Mis. The Clouds, whicli.it tirll .ilcendint', 
 take ,iway the light of the clear Sky, on the 
 topobiiriicl Ueing the liarth, as beiiij; imuh be- 
 Knv. Along this ividi^e tli.-re are 10 iiurning 
 Moaiitaiiis, which often brejk out in a dre.idli 1 
 in.miKr, and in tl:e Year 1040, one of theai chic 
 ni two, and tlii\.w pieces ol Kock all on l-ire a 
 great cliliaiice. 
 
 l-roni thefe Mountains an innumerable Num- 
 ber of Spriiu;s run down into the Pl.inis, lonii- 
 in,; inairj !■ ivers, the hrll of which isili.athey 
 (all .">.'/. i-i", I'v the hal: Kivtr, in 25 D.j,rees 
 latitude, next the (.ipi..-/;.- in :o ', ilun ili.it of 
 i:,.ii.ni:.bi 111 30, who!.' .Vlouth niakes.i i;o,,wlin.li 
 Is M\ kXciileiit Harbour ■, next f )lluws C.j.y.'pi ni 
 5i,ani-l .liter it l.„/.-',l.ii:i i 111 33 .iiul .1 ji.ilf J/./v 
 / , lor.ipid t'nt no l-ridiJeian lliid on it. in 
 .^4 Degie;!i A. .74/, in 35 At.iule ; 1 , v) /' "• 
 HI 37 i>. ( f, '-.e Mta'ilV Rivei o 1 , /,, 7 ■>■ 
 
 ! 
 
 3 
 
 Mile* 
 
ic Nuin- 
 
 lorm- 
 
 Jlui tii-'V 
 
 ili.il ot" 
 
 ■T. ( 111 
 
 It. Ill 
 /mm i 
 
 ? ■;. ■? 
 
 CHIL E. 
 
 V'\ 
 
 »,i;Vs over At the Mint!!. 
 Ill 59 •, F.ddlvi.t \- in 40. 
 j^i) to tlie very C.if, , 
 
 from t!ie Sv;i, tl'.rt'U^."' 
 
 l.ilborts, 1 .ui'ices,llatclitu, H.ittel-Axes, D,■.rt^. 
 ;uid Noofes to ''Tdw up- 
 
 Arrow 
 I'M Men, 
 
 .!., 
 
 Clubs, Sliiu 
 AtUT !!i>rk'« 
 ■inu to ncle, 
 
 '.(1 bred in tb^ Cii'i-itr 
 
 tliii^Iu on fl'irf-back 
 
 ;iuives :okI l!iick!ers as well .i-; ilie >>.■>;»• 
 
 all ilicir VVeai!>>ns beiti?, m.idc of a Wood 
 
 infcrionr 10 Steel, !>,i 
 
 -■v I 
 wirli I 
 
 h.irden'd m tbe Fire, litt 
 
 VMU', ci'.aii.l^.u Arnmur iiMdecf ! 'ide'-;'is itnpene- 
 tiuble a-i 'roil. Tlieir Forces were re^ni.irly 
 dr.iw'i no, an himdr.'d djep in File, beini;aI\v.iYs 
 mi\'d, a I'ikeman .■ind oii Arc!ier, and it (>!!e 
 
 Itvo is iii ^8, C'ypi 
 
 np which tireat Sliips 
 
 beinj; 2 or 3 1 eai;iie5 
 
 a n^u U)W !iiie:ti,lit, or 
 rliannel, wine!) U'.i.'.h into a fvacioiis Port as 
 ftill as a I'ond. Aftei tb.iV 's C>:tihii/, Rm /iat- 
 Wi7, Rio Ctjif^^ At Lis Coron.idas^ dc l.i FfpcAm.!, 
 C.'.'sl.'f^o:^ di las /'/< tyis, <': :c< A^S ■'(<, tie hi 
 (V '/;.»/'?■', lU /■•; ( •■' p W), Wr /"f P.jxvo;^ S. ('■('lo- 
 rian^ and niany more, belides a .V'liltitiide o( UTs 
 Note titat t.ill into there here nam d. 
 
 On tlnfe Colli? there are abundance of ^odd 
 1 iinboiir«, l-'':ilJiii.< h's l-een ;:lreadv ipmiiuii'd •, 
 Coqu.iiilo i^ a ni b',e Hav, lerure tV<iin all Dan- 
 j.',er, and reiorted to I'nt (Vild and G ppvr. On'":- 
 tero is iiiiuh coimiendcd bv 5/v7^fri;, the Dutch 
 Adiniral wbovvti'tto r^.b tlioi'e CoaiU. Caron^ 
 or i':^«7/riM ^'.■lp <(.(/, and 5. Animio ^ are ;ill 
 fate and cv.nvenient, l-elVJes the relt, '.vlucli only 
 to iTienlioii wouF! be tedimi-. 
 
 Mere is an nnuKnlc \'avi;: Vi and Ma 
 1 ifii ill this Sva, cind p .■i'lnlarlv ilv 
 
 they are fom.nv.and I'i) ! ir^e, that I {'•//;■»". -^'c- Thiril, Meat, and ("'old, obltinate ni what they 
 ecuii^ the I'luti-hrni'., I'a',<, he thought he lail'd ImUI, and excellent Morleinen, lidint; down a 
 took threat Care to av(>id iK-ep Mill as uprit;ht and I'teddy as if ihev were 
 
 1 ine wa~ broke, t!ie n.;vt advant'd to its riace. 
 ThiV'ir Forr-; were ini'.le of Trees interwoveiioue 
 upon ano;!ier, with Trenches, and l^laces to re 
 treit to. 
 
 Tlieir warlike Sp'i't jn'oreeded from ther na- 
 tural Temper, whiili \vas Cholerick, I'roud , 
 Herce, :nid Cruel, tuttir.;; the Enemies that teh 
 into tl'eir Power, ui pieces, and wallowmj, i;, 
 tlieir Clood. I !ie\ are (Irons; , and robufl ot 
 ^'tiideof Hodv, bro.idShoirder'd, hmh ClielKxl, well lei, 
 \'vha'c>, niaiMe, aiiive, vigonuis, piticnt of Hunsicr, 
 
 r( iin. 
 
 nm! 
 
 in Hanger fi 
 
 them. No Co'intry in tlie Woild has moredi- 
 verlitv of all forts oj' Bnds, wild and tame, boili 
 }■' iircpc.iii and Aiicr:i.:)i. Hcfore tlie comnit; of 
 the Spm' luii here were no Cows, IFirfes, Slieep, 
 Swin;, Cars, Kab^'t'-, or 1 'os;s , except onU a 
 fort <:f litlle Cn'S, nor Goat, or Alfes, \et now 
 the Ridmcfs of tie Ccnntry has To caiis'd them 
 H>iiicreal'e, ll.ic tiiere are more tlian thev have 
 orcafu^n for, ;>nd very m'.\ii I'iili. is walled, and 
 txpos'd to r>irds, and Kealls of I'r' v, and for 
 Movies, wh'ch at r/ll were lold for 2, ?, and e- 
 veii 50CO I'iecis of F-'gl't, they now fcarce beai 
 any I'vireatall. Ihe A.-v; .Sha'p are .^:i'iMi;',tn- 
 ral to tbi^ C( ■wv\ ry. Tlie Cin macos^ or wild e uuts, 
 are miulilike tie Sheep, but ran never be tam'd. 
 
 nail'd to the 11. .rie, and tins withany Saddle,or 
 witht)Ut one. 
 
 They were verv numerous at tlie coming of 
 tlie >■/. .-"/.i/rAt, but liv'd diipers'd in the N alley-, 
 or h\, t!ie liilis or Rivers, under then' leverai 
 C.ui//i(rs, toviliom the\, paid a ready ObeJ.ier.ce. 
 Tlieir I-hnifes were of NV'ood, all on a F! v>r, 
 and each Kooin ap:ut, lii that wlien they would 
 remove, they could life up everyone, an.l carry 
 it where they plea.AI. Nor had they any Locks, 
 orllinj^es, rclyint; a't'i;elher 011 tlieir own Mo- 
 r.'.ly, and as for Funiiturc, their Beds were 
 the h.ird (iroiind, with a Stoii., or Fo.; for a I'il- 
 Fnv, and their Cloaks to ci>ver them, belides 
 (>ne or two Hl.nikets, and conloinent',', we may 
 
 and feed ni Mocks in the Fields, being fo fwift, believe they knew not what H^n.^m^s w.-re. 
 
 that tbcbefl Morfe^- have cnou^^h to do toiivcr- 
 take thei". Tlie Flelh ( t the old ones is good 
 drv'd and liiioak'd , but the youiu', ones eailike 
 Kid. They I'reed the licLoar Stones in a Haa, 
 they have under their Meljies. 
 
 It Would be endle' 
 
 Kiid require a particular 
 
 boi k to treat of the I'l uit^ and Trets, but ainoiis.; 
 t.ie refr, here is one c.ill'd ,l<''>/i7//, or the little 
 />-'••, ,i'Cj wliich buirs a rtd Fruit, like a Imall 
 Cii;i;''. Iiot and dry, of whicli they m.tke a 1 i- 
 ' ■', , tai eiiceediiu', all otheis in goodneK, tor it 
 I* rii. i, fine, wanii, agreeable to ilie lalte, com- 
 ■ ■•■.: . L to the StoiTiaih, ddpels all \ .ipi iirs in 
 u iitii'.t, wi'.hiut otfeiid-.ii!'. It, and creates an 
 Ai,;t'.t , Knigi'f a i^olden Coliiur, ;nidasdeli- 
 <ioe, ,' the biftof Wine-, befides whithit makes 
 be' te: \ iiui',,ir th.ai Wine di.'cs 
 
 Tl:e Natives are by the confent of all .Men al 
 low'd to be tie bravell of all the Ainei n.i,:., as 
 the ^/J iM..><5'.( li.ive toiind by colUy Expeiieiice, 
 ..gainil vvhi'in they inaiiitain'd open War t.n full 
 an hundred Years, and tlie Inr^- of /Vr;-, with all 
 thiir I'ovver, caiid never coiwiuer ihein. They 
 dellroi, d inaiiy .S/*.';./,-. Towns, killd U me 1 hou- 
 iar.ds ul them in opui Field, and defended thein 
 fclves iipi.n alloicafioi's, without W..!,^, or Fire- 
 Aruis, with luth \ aluiu and Cordu^, a;, isauia- 
 
 ing, and ii;;'kes their final Conijuell tlie mure 
 
 IIOI Oi 
 
 They 
 
 IMe \i^>;un:, 
 Fred their C 
 
 niri^, and extrcileof 
 
 nldun to MardlV.ip, 
 As Ills, which were 
 
 I', un- 
 
 'iKc'-. 
 
 Cold and Silver they made little ul'e of, b it had 
 4 or % w.Hiden Dilhes nid Spoons .>t the fame 
 lort, a Calabalb to drink out c)f, and aLtiff.T 
 a Saltfeller. The Ciround, or a little Keiich 
 fcrv'd for a Table, witliout Cloth, or Napkin, 
 but only a little Broom to wipe their Fingers. 
 Their Diet conlilUd of lii.li.iri V\he,it, huit, 
 Merbs, lilb, and Inch Came as they kill'd in 
 lluutiiig. Of the //.'.I/. f..' Wheat tiiey alia m.ule 
 a fort of Ale, and call d itC/c/;./. 
 
 Tlure were, and ihll are Phyfici.nis among 
 them, who perform wouder.'iil Cures with Sim- 
 ples, and keep their Secrets to themlelves. T heii 
 letting Hlood was with a flint made exactly like 
 our Farriers Hems. For Clo.iths, t!iey have 
 Drawers wiihoiit Shirts, and W'allecoats put o 
 ver their I leads, and girt about, B.jth .Men and 
 W'.i.nen have their Anns naked, but no other 
 I'att, the latter h.ivnig CF)aths that cover them 
 from Mead to Foot, they liave leaint .if the 5/).<- 
 //i.ov/j to wearSmock-., but will not hear of any 
 llead-drelles,Neckl,ites, Sleeves, or (Jloves.Thelc 
 Women are lo bold, th.it fir want <'lMen they 
 will play the Farts ot S.ildler.-, being \^olldel• 
 titl active, Ihong, and p.itient of Haii'.lhip. 
 
 As to Couip'exioii, tl.ey are the lairelt of all 
 the Aii.ii !i:m:>, but tl'iirliair I5 alwa', « black, 
 and hailli, and no red ii.ur'd I'erloti w.is ever ieen 
 among lliein , not do they ditler in any other 
 relpect fio ii J unpcins, and tbo.c who live 4- 
 unng >.••■'//■ ' l;xa'. Sr.in :■/ to inch I'etfectiun, 
 V y y i.'.it. 
 
 I 
 
 -1.11 
 
 
 . hi 
 
3 2-f 
 
 C H 1 I F. 
 
 u'lat tliere is no clilliiijiuilliinii; between tliem. 
 T!ic Citv ot' i:.iiiu.t!^ii IS the (.Capital (jt Chitr, 
 founded hv /V.-tr dc KiLlli'i.t^ the C'Miqik'Vour ol 
 tlic Kinj;doin, in theYiar 1541, in t!;i; clcli[;!urnl 
 N'allcy of .1/\'.>rho, a: ilie timtofa liill in 54 Ho- 
 grers of Soutli Laiitudi.'. Tlie Shape of it is like 
 a Clicfs-hoard, beui^ all cut mit into Sqiuires, (o 
 iliat whcrcfocvcr .1 Man Hands at a Corner, he 
 Iccs lliur Strei:t>, cxti'iidin;:; llrait forward to the 
 ends of the Town. On the North lide of it is 
 a plcafant River, which is let by Cuts into all 
 I'arts of tlie ('it\s (<■• tliat all tlie Streets areea- 
 fdy watei'd, and the likh carry'd away. Tliere 
 is one Street running fioiii Lalt to Weil ihe 
 wliole lengtii of tlie City, lo wide, that 15 or 
 )'> Co.ichi.-, may i^oabreaft 111 if, a moll delij;ht- 
 ful l-'larc ill Sunniier to take the Air, and fee, 
 all tlie Coaches pal'j by, ar.d in it is the (Church 
 cil S. liizMii.t, and the Monailtry of S. I, .imif. 
 Ikfidestliis noble Street, there are aluindance of 
 curious Squares, t;eiierally one before every Mo- 
 nallery, and tlie great M<.rket-place exieediiij 
 tlicm all, the North fide aclorn'd with a ihitJy 
 Town-Houfe, the Ueff with a Inir.ptuous Ca- 
 thedral. The Ma. I 'U vies of 5, I'uuun.iky .s". 
 FriiKcis, and tl'c [n . • ■ "ery (tatelv. Tlie 
 Extent of the City is v i, the Inhali.tar.ts 
 
 "cry numerous, it is a 1; ak, and llniverli- 
 
 ty, and one of the wealtii. . Tlaces in the Uiu- 
 verfe. 
 
 Tlie City ///ipcyi:il is in 38 Degrees of South 
 I atitude, lo r,ill d, hecaul'e the ^p.i>n..rdj at their 
 lull toMiMi^ iuijiid Eagles there cut in Stone o- 
 vtr fevrral 1 iouk's. ^ :d iiVhi founded another 
 City of Ins <)',vn Name in 40 Degrees ot South 
 1 atitnde, -ii.t far from the Sea, in a Country a- 
 biundnit; ill ( lold. lie alio built L* Serei.i \\\ a 
 plcalant and fniiiful \alley, m 30 Degrees ■, and 
 / ,//,/ Idea, lo lall'd, from the {^reat l-'rolpecl of 
 Wealth the Country atlorded, in 40 De^^'/ees up 
 the Inland t<Avards the Andc-^ the Cc«u/'//o?/ in 
 37, near ilie .lea, mii Ain^ol in ;!-i liipjier up tile 
 Country. The dovevnonr, Akiulo^ii, aketwards 
 built the Town ot Ojoni'., 111 tlie Latitude uf4f. 
 Befides wliuli there are leveral other J-'Lues of 
 lels Kott, lat^r built, as partinilarly 5. C(0>i.i//, 
 u\)i\ ('.ilhiuu, 1:1 about 4^ Dei',rees !.,atituile, antl 
 hs CWuLulos in 4O, liein^; the lall the.i7'.//./.('c// 
 ii'Itabit to 'he Siuthward, 
 
 Chucuyto 
 
 b, Oxen, v\iili iJeils, and all CoiiVi.iiieiices m 
 tllt'in. It IS woiiderliil that only the MouiUaiils 
 ^■li.itf diviJ.iiii this Coiiniry lioin Cu.ic, tiiey 
 /.'lould d.ikr lo iiuidi 111 llieir Q,iialitiirs , lui hire 
 
 thelleat-i are int.i'.er.ible in .'•'.iiui/r, ard lb,",: 
 are I'm h Multitudes of I'unaiU j , as ob!;;^e th- 
 I'eople to lie in their Ciai.j.'i •, ir C.^irts, r'.-.r. 
 beiiii', no Kell to be Irad in the Houfls. Tl-'u' 
 ar:' pro(..'i»i,;ous Storms ot Thunder and I n.V>rnj;iij, 
 and abmulance iS I'oiliMioiis Vermin, befides .< 
 ii.rrof (mats, fi fmill, that they can hard'y L-.- 
 feen, and ye'tas troiiblol.inieas tlie >.',vcater. 
 
 So iiuith fiir t!ie ill QialiL;es-, the "ood .ire, a 
 I.andfo fernkMliat in lonn' 1 l.ices it alinoll om- 
 diits ClhU, li'i- iMeat Heat lipening all thiiv.s 
 to HerfeOion, lii lli.t there 14 iloreol Com, Wine, 
 Hedi, and .dl loii^ot /wov,-.*,;/- l-r:;:, lv.'ot-,,i!iU 
 [klbs. 
 
 The Sea being ev;:ry where remote from tiii^ 
 Froviiicf, It iin lia' f iu> ! illi Irom tlienre, but ;-" 
 fupply'd by foine la!;e3.0t late Years verv rich 
 Silver Muks liav,- been di'civ.-r'd It?r.-, w!i:i;!i 
 drew many I'eop'etrom i'doj:^ becaufc they wci'f 
 faid even to exceid thole in \ .I'lie , a'KJ be- 
 ing in a I'lain n'.uehe.ilkr to ir.iiK- at ;li • \'eins, 
 belides tlie conveniency of travelling with Carts, 
 and the theapnels of Provilions. Hnr tins is 
 not all, for foon after tliere were Gold Mines 
 found lo wonderful H icli, tliat they are laid far 
 to exceed all others liulii-rto kn.«vii. 
 
 T he Wines here are lo generous, tliar they car- 
 ry them 3or4CO I eaini.'s aciofs thole immenre 
 I'lains in Carts during tlieexceliive Meats, with- 
 out the Icait Detriment, and they will keep af- 
 ter tlat as long as they will !iave them. The 
 Bread is excellent, and lo is tl:e Oil, and all 
 forts of Gard'.niiig-, tliefilbas good as that of 
 the Sea •, Max anil 1 lemp nothing inferiour to 
 that of c/;;/f, and m lliort, here are all NecelTit- 
 rics tor I lie in Perfection. 
 
 To recompeiife thele Hlellings, the travelling 
 is m'lerable, by realoii ol the luvnoder.u'e Heat , 
 througli vail I'lains, before fpoken of, wherein 
 I'-nie hundreds of Leagues there is not f) much as 
 a Stick, oraStoiie, and loiiietimes 2 or 3 Days 
 Journey no Water to iie f lund, whiili therefore 
 Travellers mull lake i.ae tocan y \vidi tliem, or 
 I'erilli. 
 
 Tile Natives h'jre were imith like tlieir Neigli- 
 hciiis ot //«/(/./,/••/, and other Provinces, mde 
 and baibarous, living dilpers'd under little C;- 
 lii/ius, iiiiicli addicted to Druiikeimels, wliith 
 iliey would lluk to tor tiiree lAiys to;eiher, 
 witfiuut lleeping, hut eontiniially Dancing, and 
 l)riiikiiig,within a Knig made with ')traw,>rdry 
 Kullies, into winch no Women were to come, but 
 to bring tliem Drink, and then they were to Unit 
 tlieir E\es. They were alio llraiigely alfedleij 
 to.Sorcery,ind h.id tiair'. 'Inldien initiated ir. that 
 hellilli Practice by old Men appointed tor that 
 Purpoll', who did it by drawing Hlood troin 
 them, and ilieii making tlu in fill in tome retird 
 Plaie. They all worlinpp'd tile Sun, Mi>on, and 
 NiorningStar. 
 
 Tlieiliief Town here iscall'd UetiJ.o-^i, from 
 Don l-iiirt.ido dc /ilcutiu:^!, Marciuels of (',/)/(tc, 
 \ iccroy of /'fiv. It is l(.'atedaia Imall Diltancc 
 from tlie Pafs of the .Mount. mis th.it leads into 
 Cjiic, and built by I'ttcr Cijt.ii,', who took P- 
 i-inu's Standard in the (rivil Wars of /'(y;/. The 
 other two I owns are S. Jii w dt- l.i i-'rrtritet.i^ m 
 the more Northeiit Part, and iJii^.'.inurc in 'the 
 Soutli, none o! them .ill were very iMnridcr.ibk' 
 til of Lite Ve.irs, tlie Wealili ol the Mines a- 
 hovr mention'd, has drawn alnimLiiKe of People 
 lnjiiiihe.idiai.ciit Pioviinei, b) whiJi means tliey 
 
 i!ie. 
 
 PlOVll 
 
 IXati 
 
 no bet 
 
 Toes, 
 
 five 
 
 A'oun 
 
 of Col 
 
 P.ml 
 
 i.'on 
 
 Cold; 
 
 .Sp.v«., 
 
 Would 
 
 p:.ipo 
 
 ihercli 
 I hem : 
 Com;! 
 never i 
 itnd a \ 
 
 (I.'.I/IS 
 
 After 
 
 fwadii 
 
 fellion 
 
 •md ci 
 
 Air. 
 
 ftnt b'^ 
 
CHILE, 
 
 ?25 
 
 .-, w!i:(:!l 
 
 hey were 
 
 iiMc! lu- 
 
 
 m, tr.>:n 
 it (.'.men., 
 
 U Diftance 
 (is niTi) 
 
 ) took P- 
 iifii. The 
 
 ■flltt) :! ^ III 
 
 :i:c ill the 
 .iilick'f.ihk- 
 ; Mmcb .1- 
 ; i)\ I'copk' 
 iiifuns tlisy 
 
 b..,:'. 
 
 L'Cijin toiiurc.ife, and inay in fniic time be cqii.il 
 to (jtlkvs of the fiift Mngnituck". 
 
 The Hiftorical Arcoimt of Chile. 
 
 There is nothing to h.- fircl before the romii'g 
 (it \[\ii >t!.:>!iard<.^ for th( ie Tcoplir \N\'n' not (o po- 
 lite ;isl!'e ra-ifi-^.is, cv Atc.vit.itis^ vsho liviil,:^ 
 under I'cter.t ^ Kir.irc' i.<, hiui ;i ci\'ili/'<t (hi- 
 ueriMnent, ard pre'eiv'i! I'oiiic NU'irmry of thur 
 i\nceftors, a; we have feen in fpeakint; of thofe 
 Empire:.. Hut in Cbiif there \v;is no (onfider,!- 
 ble I'rirce, every \ ilijc'e, or iunidrcd ltr;i!',liii<', 
 I'oufes h.id its own C; utic, ard in tinie of VV.ir 
 they met, andihol'e a Cjentral, io that tliere was 
 no Form of Governmenr, and tonfefiiieiitly W) 
 retjardto Antiquity, or the aiflions of pall A!;^'^. 
 It will tliereforc fiitrie biielly to toucli upon llie 
 Conquell <jf the Coiintrv by t!ie Spuh.irds. 
 
 V\!en Pi2..irro^ as Ims been i.iid before, l;ad 
 fubdu'd the grjauft i'ait of An/, and aliign'd 
 Ciifco to Jaiiivi tie Aliiuiv,' o, wllo luid rnppurtttt 
 and enabled liiin t.uio tluon^h with t!ut miiji- 
 ry undertaking, a Coinmiliion rami, from Sp.h'i/, 
 giving j^!in.i^;ro ihi Title of Marlhal, and wit!i 
 it the Government and C^ji'qiKll o*"2co Leagues, 
 beginnii'g at Ci,hih.i' in /'ix, and running to 
 the Soutiuyardaloiig the Ciafr. Upon this Ad- 
 vice he kft Ciijio, and iruirih'J awav to Clj.l-: 
 with 2C0 lloric, and 3C0 l-ooi, in the Year 1535. 
 It is iitipolViHe to cvprels what thel'e brave Men 
 cndur'd m palling the Moiintan.s yi.u'.cs, for be- 
 ing lb maiiy, ant! ail btraii'/rs to tlie Country, 
 they were at the point of Ferilliiii,!, fir Want, 
 liaving (Tutde no I'rovifion for mauliing over 
 that Defcrt ■, befides tl'.e ui;t,'xnvfti.d and violent 
 ('old wai enough to rave dellroy'd them, with 
 the continual lahour, ■m<\ I atigue of marcliing 
 in lucli difmal Ways with their Anns and Bag- 
 gage, and t'liiribii'g luili aUnoll inaecellible Rocks 
 and Precipices. ."lUili were the Hardlhips they 
 li'dur'd , that very many Perilh'd , fome 
 tunk in the Snow, and wtre frii7,en to Diath. Of 
 lWSp:u,'i.i)ds, Carcil:iffo de U I'c^a fays i5ody'cl 
 tl us mikvably, and 50 of their Horfes, and of 
 J5CC0 J>:diii!;s, \Nho werclels us'd to, and worie 
 iMovided aganill the Cold, locco Ihtrv'd to 
 Death. Others wI:o follow 'd afterwardsc.me otf 
 no better, Ibme loling their Fingers, fome their 
 Toes, aiid irany tlieir 1 ivef, through tlie exccf- 
 five Cold. y}ii::.-f.rt} having at length pafs'd the 
 A'.ountain, defcci'dcd into the delightful N'alley 
 of Copiiipi; when he refrelii'd iiis Men. Here 
 P.ihI the /)/^.j, wh,o tume along wit.'j Alnmgro^ 
 \.,'on gatlier'd the \ alue of 5C0CCO Ducats in 
 (lold, whiih heprcllnted hirr. This put all the 
 Sp:iii.ards in In^pesof a glorious Coiiijucft, wliich 
 wouid (con cnriili them all. 'Ihis N'alley of Co- 
 piipo was fubje^t to the hn.n of Peru , and 
 tliereforc rcceiv'd the ^p.v\.ad.< ^ and refrelii'd 
 themi lut when they advanc'd farther to the 
 Country of the Pio//.iiiU.', wiiom tlie /?/,...•■ could 
 never comiuer, ilicy were met by that Nation, 
 iHidaviry bloociy Cattil enlued, whertiii the.'"- 
 iH.ifis were at kill routed w:th much ditficulty. 
 After this god Oegiiining, ^.'//.,.,i,/o \Nas per- 
 fwadul to ^obaik nito/'i).', to leiure bis I'of- 
 felVion of <■.;((., whae coming loa Haitelwiih 
 rii.a,ia about ii, he was ovetthrown , taken, 
 and cruelly put to lyeatli. 
 
 Ali;^.'^' beingdead, / iter dc J'.tUl.vi.i was next 
 ftiit b^ l'.z.,ii) i, mtoO u, wl:otnf;r'd that King- 
 
 dom in the Year 1540, with a ?reat number of 
 
 Spn:iird.. maMndians, who all fulFcr'd thj liuiic 
 II liii ^i % t ._ ^ . .1 .1 I t 
 
 I ^' .#i»i.» (».i (inv.1 i'lmitfii., \->i:<j till uilltl 11 lllw 1 
 
 llardlhip? on the Mountains the others !iad 
 dur'dhifc"- •-.i..\-." f^^...... 1. .,- 
 
 mentioii'd 
 f-umd, as 
 raldiiu.i was Well rcceiv'd, ,i> he 
 
 f auuv,:i was wen receivii, ,ii iie WaS in tfiofe 
 of Gn.'Jro and O:q:ii»dio \ but at Qjfil-.tt.t he ioimd 
 Oppn(it;on, yet penetrattd to the fertile and 
 populous N alley o\' Af.tpoihn^ where he foiindeci 
 the firft Sp.w://iTiA\n, which was tliattif .V./;f*- 
 «"«, the Metropolis of the Kingdom. Next he 
 rclolv'd to build a l<.irt upon the rich .Mines of 
 Qriloitt, but wanting Men, he lint 6 with 
 (.jolden Stirrupi, Bridles, and all otlier Accou- 
 trements of the fame Metal to Ptm, to dr.'.w Sup- 
 plies. Thel'e, and ?o morefeiit with them, all 
 I'enlh'd but two, wiio after a long tinie elcip'd 
 to /V ).'.', and gave an Account of the Poll are ot 
 Aflair.to f '. k. i de Cijho, ihen Vicero\, wh'jrent. 
 thein cuiifidir.ibk' Supplies, wherewiiii /-'..Wic/m 
 profecutal hi'jCoiiqueAs, and 111 the Year 1544, 
 founded the fecond SpMilJh Town, cali'd L.t Se- 
 re//. 1. This done, f'.ildlvi.i went away to Tern, 
 to alVifl thj King's Forces againlb the Pi-i.iiyo'i, 
 then in Keliellion, and having vanquiih'd them, 
 leturn'd to jiis Province, where he found ail the 
 l,:d;.ins up in Arms, ,ind liisNtw Town of /.j 
 Slid/.: dellroy'd , which lie rebuilt, th.n to,i 
 (|Ueriii;', the l'ri,i,oi\ie.<, and maiching deeper a- 
 loiig the Country , he creeled the City of t!;e 
 C..i,iipt/on un the Coaft, in 37 Degrees of South 
 latitude. This great Man not loiatislkd, car- 
 ried im his Conqucds beyond 40 Degrees of 
 latitude, and founded the Towns of Imperiiil., 
 r.ddivin, ■Meifillii Kicti, with 3 Forts \n Ar.m- 
 le, and laftly, the Town of A/ig<'l., at tlie rich 
 Gold Mines found in that Place. 
 
 This was the Polbure of AlFairs, when the 
 Cuiijiies of Araitco coiifpiring together, revolt- 
 ed with an Army of above 6ccoo ,\len, furpri7.'d 
 fever<il Spit!/ij'j Towns, where they ilaughta'dall 
 the Inhabitants, and cut off the Goveniour / '.(/- 
 d.vi.i himfeif, witli all the Forces he could draw 
 to.;ether, only two Jnduas elcapiug, who hid 
 tl'.emfelves. Ir.i/icts de Fiii.i^r,!-/ , I'.ddivi.i'i 
 1 ieutcnant, being chief after his Death, mureh'd 
 with all the Strengiii he could make to revenge 
 r.ildrul.i'i Death, but being opprefsd by the 
 Multitude of hdi.wf, after a furious Encounter, 
 was forc'd to make the bcR Retreat he could, 
 \Mtli great I.ofs to the City of the Coi/eipuou-, 
 winch, the /«(/;.//>.'.( purfuing, they were fain to a- 
 b.aido'i the next Day, when it wasplunder'd,and 
 burnt. Liiiitnyo, the General ol the j^r.iucans, 
 follow'd his Succefs, and laid Siege to the City 
 of >'.u/tiaf;o, but was kill'd before it. 
 
 The next Goveriiour of Chne, was Dc.v Garcia 
 Hid tado dc Ah//dni.a , vvho twice defeated Ciitpo- 
 licti//, the new Chile//i.i// Cjcneral, took hiui Pri- 
 fiiikr, and put him to Death for a Terror to hii 
 followers. Irotn this time the Sp:vii,i>ds held 
 their own, and gain'd nianv Advantages, rebuild 
 iiig the 'I owns that had lieeii deiUoy'd , and 
 building others as they adv.mc'd. Yet the War 
 held on very bloody on both fides, .v.m\ lafted 
 an hundred Years fromthe beginning, till the 
 Ai,t,.cui/i being almolt deflroy'd, and the re- 
 mains of them dilcourag'd by continual Lodes, 
 coniludcd a Peace in ih- Year 1^41, with the 
 Maiquels de I -'ydc:., then Goveniour, liibmittiug 
 iheiiifelves to the Kiugof .Y-''') and embrjcmg 
 Y y V ■>: ^^<' ■ 
 
 ' 1! 
 
 If? 
 
 '^*'ii 
 ,'iii 
 
 i 
 
 ('■'; 
 
^i6 
 
 MAG EL LA NIC,!. 
 
 tlie Ciliiiftian Religion, fmre which time they made by '"'t'li-'i' f-r.yopca.i N';Uk>iis to mire Trou- 
 have been kept under, and the whole Country b!e>, h\ ixciting t!;e /reli.i": tj revoli. 
 enjoys l*eacc, notwithflanding I'cveral Attempts 
 
 CHAP. XIX. 
 
 Of TERRA MAGELLANIC A and the S T E I G H T S 
 
 of MAGELLAN. 
 
 THIS isthcutmoft Part of the Ciontincnt 
 of yimeric.i, lying Soiitli of all that has 
 been hitherto dcfcribd. The Nortliern 
 fixtcnt is that alone, which cann.'t well be aleer- 
 tain'd, for as Ov.illc flretchesout the Kiiigdivnof 
 Chile to the Streij^hts, thisCountrv would Inive 
 nothing on that fide next the South Sea ■, hut the 
 SpMiiirAs pofTeffing nothing bevond .}.(> Dcgiees 
 of South I atitude.that muftofCourfe be reckoii'd 
 the beginning oftnis I and. However on the Fall 
 fide it reaches mucli Iiigher, for there tlie Spnnjh 
 Dominions fcarce go beyond the Mouth of the Ki 
 ver of Plate , for which Kea((in, thi Mif^cllMiiik 
 Latids may well heallow'd to coinmence in ;7 
 or ^8 Degrees of South latitude. Thcv border 
 Northward on Chilc^ ^'':)o, wCi}itin\in^Ti:c:n>,.tn 
 and tlie Province of the P.iver of Plncj on the 
 F.afl they Iiave the At! :„tick Ocean, on the '^o-.ith 
 the Strciglit of M.igrllw, and on the Welt the 
 South-Sea and Part of Chile and Cr.yc. 
 
 Fcrdirimd Af.if^.ilh.ic.'!)^ or as we ea'l hi:n, J/.j- 
 /[cll.v:, was the firft that difcover'd this Co;ii;try 
 and Streii^ht , to both whicli he gave Iiis Name. 
 Neith..r did he, nor any tliat have follow'd Iiiin, 
 learn much of thef'ountry. All we find is, tluit 
 for the moft Parr, where he fent alliore, it was Dc- 
 fart. Some few Men he faw, wliich his Q-.;rpaiiy 
 and otliers have fince reported to be of a (iigan- 
 tick Ihiture, harbaruis , and niked, though ni a 
 Clim.iteexceflive cold. Thefe the\ call A^f .>,<iwcj, 
 wliiih is .'.s mucii as can be •'" id of them. 
 
 Peyond theStreightun the South-Sea ^/f/Tcr7,'ff, 
 informs us, tlie Jf////f.', who were on the Million 
 in thofc Parts, clilcovcr'd two Natioiibcall'd ft;/- 
 >iiij>is and / /ifill.ir/'^ many of whom they convert- 
 ed. C")fwl'.om they give tliis Account. The Chit- 
 >ii.i//< inhabit the Continent and leveral Illandsto 
 the Northward of the HuHI.m., who are next to 
 the Streight of Af.if.el/.w. In the lllmds there 
 are only a few icatter'd Pamilies. The Soil is 
 oenerally barren, learce bearing any prain, and 
 the Trees for the in' ill part look clifmall. The 
 Natives live upon Hlli, and what the Sea calls 
 up^ the V\dinen diving to the I'ottoin, and com- 
 ing I'.P again with llore of lilli in Haskets hang- 
 ing aLout their Nixks. Their grcatcll Want is 
 of frelli Water. They prefs an Oil out of Seu- 
 Wolvts, whiih they drink and know no 'ither 
 I iqucn-. Kut they have foine little l/.Ai.in Whe.ic 
 '.'.rowing in the biggefl of their lllandb, call'd (.;;.■ 
 '■ ,hi. The People are for the iiioll part red hair'd, 
 of an Qlive-coiour and mild Dirpoiitioii. In the 
 rt.in(jtcr lllandi they breed Dogs witli b.nig Hair, 
 'A'hom they trim, and of their H>;ir make lliort 
 ' i.irnients, wliieli cover only the SlK.nkleis and 
 iji e.ili , covering their Naki.dnel'<> wi;Ii Sea we.ds 
 The //'(///./..■', wlio are next the Stri.i,',hts ul A/.i- 
 :,i!i.iii, arc ill a more u'iiiuable Condition and 
 
 their Difoolltion is tnire barbarous. Thrv I've 
 from 50 Degrees of Soiitli i atitude ti'rw.ads ni * 
 very cold Climar:. and tt.irk naked, hmkliiiii 
 moveable Ihitsof tl'e Harks of Trees, likeSu^.ai- 
 1 'i.ives and eat tiothin:', dreiVJ. Tl:eir SkuH art 
 almofl black, andt!;eir Hair lb hard and iipvuV'^. 
 that it Uioks like a Bi.lli. f heir number is (ir.all, 
 and their Neighbours, the Cj/:;/Ii/i:, lun'tthein 
 like Wild iieafls, either to keep or leil vhcm for 
 Slaves, and t'ley are happier ii'i Slavery th,*T> in 
 their own Country. Amindance of both l!ui^ 
 Nation^, as was faid have been Converted, many 
 Years fince, and it is likely tliey m.'.y have ait 
 embrac'd Chriflianity. V\'hat other Nations ibevf 
 are is not known, nor any more but that ;i^ was 
 laid before, mnc'i of tlv' Country is Delart, and 
 all of it wrefeiied enough. 
 
 The Streights of Af.i,Kcll-"', difcover'd hy that 
 famous Pijrtiifj:ilc in the Year 1520 as has bom 
 laid, are according to the Account of .s)i,t>.-<.»'«f, 
 wlio know thein bell, ico Leagues in Icnjith, 
 from tlie C';pf oftlie i iooor,yi>;n.f,at the Entrance 
 from the North-Sea, to Cape Deftyc, on thcSoiuh- 
 Se.i. The Rreadth varies much, being not above 
 a ! e.igue in feveral Places , in others more , but 
 everv where narrow\ In the Streight there «>'e 
 many (afe Harbiiurs. narrow at the entrance and 
 (parioas Bays within, eucoinp.ifs'd witji Moun- 
 tains, \vhicii Ihelter them foeloie on all rul'.s, that 
 '•'hips may ride in them, whatlbever the Weather 
 be, upon the lead Anchor. 
 
 After M.igtil.m had dtt'cover d this Strcighr, in 
 the Year 1523. I), (imierrc dyviu! , Kiliiop ot 
 Pt-icaici.t, fitted out 4 Ships, in the Name ut the 
 Emperour C/j.«7f.( the Fifth, to take amoroeXiUV 
 Account of it, and lail to the Afoluno lllanilv, 
 Three of tliofe Ships were loll in the laidStrCightu 
 and t!ie 4lh palled through to A/wv, In ijxf>, 
 Cmij de l.o.iyj.1 was by the I'lpperour appointed 
 Admiral of 6 Ships to pals through the Strc:(4hts 
 ul MjccILiii to the A/cilmto Illands. They all 
 pafs'd, but the Admiral was loll as lo.m as the',' 
 came into t!;e South-Sea, and the reU v^nt on 
 tlieir_\ oyage, except one that was call upon the 
 Coall ni' Anv Sp.iii:, Simr:,; ,if ,IU:i:.ci\t attempted 
 this Palla^e in 15?^, but Ins Men mutinying, he 
 was llopp'd and .ilterwards murder'd, the .^fiipi 
 returning to Nonli /l/)w.ii. In 1559, Dnniiu 
 :.cr,e dc C.nv.i'il^ tlie aboveineilti.in'd Hilllop of 
 /'/..Tf/;t.'.; fitted out 3 'ih.ips moie, theC"ominoc|;>re 
 whereof washll, and the ul perlorm'd the N oy- 
 age. Alter alt tliele it wa^ that Sir /t.,-,;;. Ih.inc 
 p.ds'd this Stre:,;ht, wimli was the Ocealioli that 
 King Piiil.i) thjzd <)( Spii,! lent a Meet t'l IMant 
 Colonics, and erefl lorts on the Streight In hin- 
 der oiiivri Iroui aiiempting the like, iMitmajiyof 
 'liele fillips were kll .tiM iwo Coloine.- bein^ 
 pbiited, owe at the M'-wih and the other liiiihei 
 
raifcTi-nu- 
 It. 
 
 3H IS 
 
 TF?v I'^f 
 rw.ivds* w » 
 ! , bmkiini; 
 
 ibci" t<< lVr..i!l, 
 , luunihon 
 ell i!K.n(;>i 
 k-i'V th.w ill 
 I" both thvlif 
 citcd> uw\i\; 
 i.'.y Imvc ait 
 >);Uioi)SllK"Vf 
 
 t tli;U ;i^ w;ts 
 Ddlirt, and 
 
 ei'd hv tlttt 
 as has been 
 
 s in l.cnjitb, 
 the F.ntvaurc 
 on the South- 
 ig ih^t aUive 
 •s move , but 
 ;ht there ttre 
 eiitiani'c '.tlKl 
 with MoiiD- 
 :iU rKl.s, ih,u 
 the Wc.iiher 
 
 Sti'cighT, ii-. 
 Killiop ot 
 Name ut the 
 a more ex.u'V 
 lunti lllliKis 
 
 Hid Strcightu 
 M In ijio. 
 urapiviiiucd 
 
 the Strciiiht-i 
 Thev .ill 
 111 ;',s thi-; 
 
 ■el\ went oil 
 
 ,lll U|MlHhj 
 
 .meinpteii 
 utimiiijij hf 
 tl, the .^hipi 
 
 100 ot 
 C(i!nin-)cV'>re 
 
 •Cl IJlllKV 
 
 3ec.uio!i ih.U 
 leet t'l Plant 
 ei^ht tiihin 
 i<iiL '.ii.uiy 1)1 
 iluiiiC!. beiiiii 
 other hiiihei 
 
 b. J M E R IC A, 
 
 itp the Stui^Iu, by the \\,\\w^ i)r_7o'"thel irll, 
 and the otiier CiiuLul ili' f!fy l'ri:pe^ or Kiiiii, /'.')/ 
 ///j'-i r,it\ , all tile ^'ell let't there 'vnlli'd and were 
 never lie:ir(l of. Since ihenMiaiiv ot all N.itions 
 iMve p;il'>'(l that VViiy •, !-;it icarceaiiy have made 
 the Aclvanras;es thev e\p.V>.;d. 
 
 In the Year 1617 a'.r.oll ico Years after At i- 
 i<clliW\ li'M IcA/.i.ic^ a PifUhMiu, dil'e .ver'd 
 another Streii;ht to th.' S.'nthward i/ /.!.■: fl^M.'s, 
 and mueli lliortcr, ftiil Known by his Name, lime 
 
 ?17 
 
 which fearcc any have gone through tlw u\ A/.: 
 gc/'.in ■, hut of later Years they are both .'.voiiuc! 
 upon diieoverin^ that to the Southward ol them 
 both is an o;vn Sea, whiili all that are bound for 
 tlie South- Sea chufe ratlier to run into, tlv/ ex- 
 .eliive Cold, than lia/ard all th; Dangers of timlj 
 narrow Streighr^. Yet none of thele Ways havi. 
 Iieeii at all in Ufeof late Year>, unlel's for Pyrates, 
 wlio have vcutur'd to rob in the South-Sea, i;eiie 
 rally with little Siieeels. 
 
 C H A P. XX. 
 
 Of the lilands of SoikIi A M C R I C A. 
 
 HA \' 1 N O (y(,\iu -f the Illantl of the Tn- 
 »i:y and the others aloiu^ theCoall of /■'.■» 
 r;.« and Fe'.cmLi^ among tiioli.' oi North 
 /if,'ify:c\ there i\iiiain not many of Note to 
 Ipeak of in tlie Sout!!. It is true tlie {nilp!i of 
 I'lriii o tlieS'Hlfh of i!;i- Trlniiy, is full of linall 
 Itlan(U, but iieiiher are their Names, nor (i) much 
 as their Number known;, not but that all tile / 11- 
 )oiH-ii,is have been eiioiiji upon tliat Coall and a- 
 im'i'i', tli'.m, its beiui', at the Montii of the j^rent 
 Kiver O>,,f,fio^ hui ihfy Iwvenot t'oiind it worth 
 their wliile to letlle, or fo much as give any Ac- 
 etamt ot ilieui. 
 
 Ueaviiif, tlieti: and defccndiiii; Southward , at 
 the Mouth of the Kiver Ciy.w.i, in % Degrees of 
 North Latitude, tiiereis a fniall Illaiid, on which 
 ai was ohler'.'M in fpcaking of tiiat Country, the 
 {'tdicli have (ettled a (Colony, which is as nmch as 
 18 vetinilite tu repeat. Again at t!ie Mouth of the 
 iniy,hty Kiver of the ^-/wiaw, about the firll 
 Degree ot South 1 atitude there is another I'arcel 
 iif Mlunds, but IK itluris there any thing obferv'd 
 of tl'cui, nor loiiuicii as their Namei. Tlie little 
 l(lnnd Mir.ihh.to w tlie 3d Degree iif Smiih 1 a- 
 titndf has been Ipoken of in tht Defcription 
 
 Ul Jil.tt.fl. 
 
 Ihe llland of IhcHn.n/!! de jyorot/h.i, who firll: 
 t'.iit'ovei'ti 11, is ill 3 Degrees 40 Minutes of South 
 latitude, the J'litili lay -0, the roitMi^ncjf.t 50 
 .Leagues from the (^oalt ol Br.tLtl^ and is not a- 
 bove two 1 eaguvs long and one in breadth. It is 
 for tlK- iiioft part Plain, but has two liRhhi,;!i 
 l-;(Kk> that i.t a d:[iatice they look like Lowers, 
 'ihcie are abundance of Wild (toats in it, wliie!! 
 are the Produft ol U-me tlw the Portit^mja put in 
 10 hveitl j but It has no Inhabitants. 
 
 NeM lollow. the '! 1:11:1} , between iS and ly 
 Degrees Siiitji jVoin the .-t-iqiiator, and about 80 
 Ltagiuii Pall liom the ("oaii of Ar.x// i tiic >••) 
 trt'lioH I eiween k; and ;o Degrees Kouth Latitude 
 50 1 eagucii L'ali irum the fame Coail i S.n.i.! /!/.;- 
 »/.■((.'(■ •i.\<Ji > , in tlie lame latitude, near ico 
 Leagtu-s halt from the lall . tlielliand of .■l/(i>7;r/ 
 /'(-., I'nll 111 tlic fame L.it Liule and ;o Leagues 
 baft from .s'. .5,',;»,(.,-, ant tl11.11 the Uknid (i.>.> /'/- 
 («.(, Ill 11 Degrees Smiih Latitude and 40 Leagues 
 more Lalierly ilian .I/O'"' ^.K. Un the Coall 
 nf r.ir.if^ii.i\i ill iS jincl 29 Degrees <'\' South lati- 
 tude arc two iiieoi4it;erable illands call'd i'. C'.(- 
 iit<r:ii'i and dc .■lrvja-U<\ and between 5 1 and 5; 
 near Hfi le.lgu■.^ from the ("outmeiit three Imall 
 oiicscalld Seiiiiid i:r »i '.:mics lIlaiRU :, ol all which 
 it IS enough to have given the Names and I'o 
 fition. 
 
 T.crr.i del Frcf.r,^ or the land of Fire (iicalld, 
 from tlx' many l-iri.-i t!ie lirll l^ilcoverers law on 
 ir. Is thegreatell lli.iud, we know ol, belonging 
 toSouth Airrriid. It forms the Soatli Ikle 01 live 
 Streightsof /!/.r:;fi7,/,.', which w.i', it exreiulstrom 
 r.atl to Well 150 Leagues, and Irom North to 
 South about 80 in the vvijefl Part , hut much lelb 
 in all the reft. Tins lo.ne have laid is divided 
 into many Illinds, but witii how good gnjuml 
 d<K's not appear, only on the North fide ue iiiid 
 a Piece cut otVby a narrow Chaiiia', wl'iili form- 
 a fmall lliaiid and two Ways into tlie Streight C 
 M.i\^ciLm. Again on the l.'.ail is mi-.ther liuall 
 illaiid call'd .SVj/c;; L.md., dil(:ovei 'tl r.\ i.c .\I.i.,r, 
 which with Jicri.i del fmgo f iUi, the btreiglit 
 call'd of Lc A/.iitc, or i'. AVwce.M, thought bet- 
 ter than Al.ik^ilUns ., as fooii leadm^; uito an open 
 Sea ;, but that alio is neglefted ol lite, fiiice la- 
 ter Diicoverers have found there is all along ,111 
 open PafTage into the Soutli Sea, without any 
 Streight, by keeping more to the Suuihwarcl and 
 avoiding all thole Iflands. Of this T'mr.i dil lit- 
 f;?y, thol'e who have pafs'd the Streights tell us, 
 that it is very Mountainous, but has many plea- 
 faur Valleys water'd by abundance of Brooks and 
 fiiuiU l^ivers, and full of Grafs and Trees. The 
 Mountains are all Wooded and tlie Soil of them 
 molt fandy, on a rocky Bottom. Tlie Country is 
 extraordinary fubjed to Stormy V\inds, winch 
 are generally Welt, and tho' it lies b-.t.veen 52 
 and 54 Degreesof Latitude, the Winter Cold is 
 inurli inin'e iiuenle than in our Northern I'arts 
 e(]ually diitaiit Iroin the Liiumodial. Lhe Na- 
 tives arc naturally as white .is any h-uycpcvu., but 
 thai they paint their bodies, and that roiitinua) 
 rr.k'tice dilcokiurs their Skim. Their Stature isin- 
 diU'erent and their liair black. The Men go (lark 
 naked, and the Women only cover their Privi- 
 ties very lligluly, (ouie of them wearing, a Skin 
 oflbuie iSeait on their Backs, and it is wonder- 
 ful they can fublill lo m luch a cold Climate. 
 '1 heir Huts, are made of I'oles thick round in 
 the Larihaiid meeting at the fop, like a Sugar- 
 I o,;t, iunk two or three loot into the Ground, 
 and cover'd with Laith. All their furniture is 
 fome Baskets, Nets and Lines for I illung. Their 
 Weapons are ijows and Arrows, or Darts, point- 
 ed wall lliar|) stones, m- fioiKs, yvooden L lubs, 
 Slings and Knives uurIl ol Ih.irp Stones. Their 
 Caiiioes .lie maiie of the liark ol Trees, which 
 they joyii together very iiigviiioull^. Lheyeat 
 their t-lelli raw, and even th.i'. ot Men. Reli- 
 gion jia^ not been dileover'd auu-rig them, nor any 
 
 reiiular 
 
 II 
 
 I) 
 
 o '1 
 
n8 
 
 S. A M E R IC A, 
 
 veguliii Vdnnof C'lovcrnment •, neither liavc tlicv 
 ^iiV Icufc i)f Modcllv ill ri:j;.ii(i to .my of iliolL' 
 lliii';;<i ill \vi:i(li \v.- tliiiik it cinircrn'cl. 
 
 Within the Sti\M,.i,lu of M.iinl.'in, cfpi'diillv in 
 thc\vidi.rt I'arr, where it is 7 or 8 I tM!',iicsovir, 
 tliere are fever.i! lilaiicis, as thole of .S'. Lmiuhcc, 
 ^". Srcpheii, or Binicvdt \ the Pot^iiin Ill;inds, lo 
 GiU'tl from theMLi'titude of tl'.ofc Birds loiind in 
 them, bcini; as large as Geefe and good Meat. Ik- 
 fides which tliere .ire the Holy Kii'.f;?, theAiigtls, 
 tlie P.iiii,i:,<:n.i, and feveral otiiers. 
 
 Haviiit; paiVd tlie Strci^ts of /I /.'ijf /.'.«/, off ilie 
 Northern Point on the South Sea, call'd (.'//■« ik 
 h r.cioyia, lies a Parcel of very firall lllaiids, 
 which the Sp'ni.i}JscM Lps I'vui^cHJl.u^ tlie/- 
 r</ .;(■/<>/; -jand tlie r>iyJi/h,^]K S^.lia.'j •, and foat 
 the Soiuliern I'.-mt tliere is aiiotlier Knot of tliem 
 call'd t'.oi ^p.^lalis^ the Apoftlc?,hi!t hy the Dutch 
 Sii^.iy ///tnd-. Turning; to the 'Nortluvard, tlie 
 Continent of the Afh\c!!.i:iick 1 and forms a lari;e 
 Fiiv, wherein are two larf;e lllands, and a vail 
 Number of Gnall onc^, tliele lall have no Names 
 known to us, nor any thin^^ cll'e wortli oblcr- 
 viiia,. 
 
 M.!(icde Drni^ the Motiicr of Cjod , by tlie 
 Natives call'd (inUM.i, is the hip,t;er of thefe two 
 Iflinds, near 40l.eai;ues in length, and 10 over 
 in the widcll place, lies under 50 IJei^rees o( .South 
 1 atitade. Tlie Soil barren, llony ;ind wild, heir- 
 ini;very little Giaiii, except lonie Ld.'.w VMi.Mt. 
 The Trees look difiiial, beint; I'carie iver Green, 
 througii cold and violent ftoriiiy\V'iiKU,and wants 
 fitlli Water. Ti;e Natives barbarous, for the 
 niofl part naked, and only coverin;,', their Privi- 
 ties with Se.i Weed'', living inoiHy on I'lfli, .uid 
 their choicei't Drink beint; the Oil prels'd from 
 Sea Wolves, but ot late Ye.irs many of them have 
 been covcrted by tlie 'jrjiiitj , and are very iii- 
 clin.ible to embrace Chrillianity, as t'. del Tec ho 
 informs us, who had it from tlie Jcfiiiti of Chile. 
 The other leirer llUnd lies a little to the South- 
 ward ol this, and diliersfro-n it in iiothm;;, only 
 that It is not fo well inhabited, moll of t!ie otlicr 
 little ones bcinj; quite Delart. 
 
 .M'cendiiijj; llill Nortliwards to the Coaft of 
 Chile, between 4; and 47 Degrees of South lati- 
 tude lies t!ie yhchiiclje^ooiCuJoc, being anotlier 
 l.iri;e liiy, the Soutliern Part of Culc forms, all 
 ilrew'd with a Multitude of fmall lllauds, below 
 delerviiig any particular rnention^ but without 
 iliem, as it were a Barrier to defend them from 
 t!ie bxith Sea is the great one of Cjj/i.r, 50 Leat!,iies 
 ni 1 ength, and but 7 in Kreadth , beiiii', in tlie 
 lliape ol an Arm bent, tho' moll ^lap^ make it a 
 long Sijuare. It is all uneven. Mountainous, 
 Woody and Maviliy , fubjeft to ixtr.iordiiiary 
 Cold avc\ Kxceliive Rains, whicli lall tlie v/jatcit 
 Part ol the Year •■, li) that it only products i-Ui iii 
 W he.'.t, and l';ich other lorts (jf tiraiii, as require 
 li alt .lull to ripen t!K;in. The Summer is inter- 
 ! iipti.d b\ Uich lold Storms, that it di'Fers little 
 fu-m Wuit.-r, ihoi'e Storms in Ai!:tlt hinder the 
 npvinii^ot Iruit. The liarth it turii'd up abpaii 
 (Itip, is all a red S.uuJ, lodry that itchoaksany 
 Seed, and yet the Trees run up to luch avail 
 Height, ih.it tliey cut I'eveial Lengths o( Boards 
 o ;t of them, iuch is t!ie Carrennels, tha: they 
 think tivtf tor one a gjod Increale, and molt of 
 ilvi Growth coii!ilU in liid .w \.<,k>m^, llcjwevir 
 Sheep, Cov.s, aid S.Nine live and iiicreaie well 
 tiiouiji. On tic North i-jidof It, loine lew i/x- 
 „ .lii/j, wiio :b;inerly cIcapM the l.ir-, ol t!ic 
 
 A' vc iiii , when they rev.j'.ta', lailt a To-vi, 
 whitii llill continue, and is .•onfKicr.ihly 'ncre.is'u, 
 fince ilK'Siilidiungof thofe Ptop'e, having a i'odJ 
 l-ort, where the Sp tm.ird' make a llnl't to iive well 
 enouvji , With wiiat the IllanI ppwhioes and is 
 brouglit tiieiii Iroiii the ("ontinuir. 'I lie Natives 
 gon.iked, wealing only a lort of Net-work about 
 tiieir Mitkl ^^j and ulc F.oats made ol three Boards 
 lew'd tog tiler with a tliitk i'oid, and c.mik'd 
 with the Hark ^^\ Trees, ileep'd ni Water. Si. 
 fay del lul) I and Ov.iiie. 
 
 Mi,ih.i III, lid I) III about ?8 Degrees of S'otii!i 
 latitude, about 10 I ea-.'.ues, froii the Coali di" 
 (.'/j;/c, and near tile l.iaie 1 eii;;th, inh.ihitedby t!ie 
 N.itive-., and lone few lli.igliiuii/; ;';j.//^.,i It ,s, 
 fruitful, ar.d ,it\.iuids 111 .^heep, Fowl, Iruit, ami 
 other I'rovili nii. 
 
 S!,:t.i Al.:i-i.i lies in ;- Degrees ! atiiude, % 
 leagues fion tlie f '■■.dl ol A'.iiw in (.'-',7(, and 
 dilfers ver\ little from the lall. But the fiih.ibi- 
 t.intsol it formerly aie faid to liavc liad ("onirnu- 
 nicitioii with the DcmI, and peitorm'd many a- 
 hominable CLicmoiiksi at pielent they aicall 
 ClirilliaiH. 
 
 Next fillow the little lllands of ';'(;'.;/;,„ i,';.(',-i, 
 being bl in Nuuiber,.iud their Tatitude ?4 Degrees 
 South ■, tlien los /',/.\ »('.>, MtKiliuiics and SiA))i.!^ 
 in about ;o ■, and in 26 S.^A^iibrfu and ^". ii- 
 Llt!, all ol tliem very inroiirulerable. 
 
 r:fi-.i li 111 2 Digrees 50 Minutes of South La- 
 titude, being about 10 or 12 Leagues in Compais, 
 formeily famous amung thi J>:di. in of the Con- 
 tinent, as abounding in all Things neceflary for 
 tlie liipport of Humane Life, and the Natives of 
 it being rcckon'd cumimg Merchants and bolcl 
 Soldiers. Several Ships are now built m it, to 
 tiade along the Swuh Sea. 
 
 C oyno/.i Vies in 3 Degrees of North Latitude, 
 on the Coaft of Pop.iy.i/i, compar'd by tl'.ofc who 
 have been on It to Mell, becauie the Thicknefsof 
 the Woods and ClolL-uels of the High .Mountains 
 produce an inhiiite_Multitude ol (tnats, which 
 torment People, b.'fiJes it is Unhe.ikhy, liihied 
 to Storms and Continual Rain-. 
 
 The I'e.itl ljl.:i.d', \u c.iU'd, becaufe there was 
 a Pearl filliery tliere, one at tiie Mouth of the 
 Gulph of y',.v.. ;/«.!, Ill about 8 Degrees of North 
 L.itltude, and about 20 in Number, but luuill, 
 .11 d i"i;w noway confiderable liiK\ the Decay o\ 
 the Pearl Tillicry. 
 
 The ill.mds of .Vs/awf,/ he .ibout 1500 Leagues 
 to the V\'ill of I.' ilia in I'cm^ extending from 7 
 to 12 Liegrees of South latitude. The chief of 
 them .ire iS in Number, liiuie of them 300, lome 
 rr.o, otliirs ICO, others 50 Leagues 111 Compafs, 
 and others lei's. They are all molt delightful, exu- 
 berant, rich and he.ilthy, and the Natives a Cour- 
 teous peaceable .nid civili/.'d People, but there 
 have been lolew Advv'iiturers to them, and their 
 liay li) Ihort, that nothing can be laid in parti- 
 cular of thole charining Places. 
 
 Alv.iro dc iM.hd.in :, a Sp.mijh Commander, fail- 
 ing lor the lllandi ot SAomon^ dilcover'il 4 ot!ier>, 
 between g ar.d 10 Degrees of Lititude, locc 
 Leagues I rom l^m.t , a 1 650 troin i\'cir->p.iu.y 
 where he fays the J>iiii.i//.i or Natives were the beic 
 lort of People that had been yet dilcover'd, but 
 lur Shape and Compkxioii, like the A:i.c;ii.!/ii. 
 
 l<etweeii the lllands ot.'>»("/nw/ and the Cai.iII of 
 Pajt, mcluiing towards tliatot 0;./f, in i^' De- 
 grees 1 atitudc and about 7CC' leagues from ilie 
 t AaitiiRiit, li the Illand call'd ."i'. r.ti.i, of \>. Inch 
 
SOVTHGliN AMERICA 519 
 
 'A'e have no other Arfoivr. Thcfc arc i'.H the whicli conclude iht Defcription of diat Part o| 
 ill.iiKis we can t'.iid 'lolor.;; ro Snutli jimcrka , tlic World. 
 
 N A V I u A r O R S rouiul tl-.'J G L H H of tlic EARTH- 
 
 IT :r/.v !'or ?c ixpr i\rPi'rV?.ps tot.ik." fi'mf 
 li'.Mce oft!', vrii'csp.i! N.r'it'.^itor* tli:-:;n;:dc 
 I;i^roveric^ r-.'.'.v;!v:! r'-f Southern Pivf-, r>('the 
 fjl^jbe, both S^'UthUaft anil South-VW!",-. Th;- 
 
 (irfl ot'tbcl": Wa'- rcJIri.:!.-^ Ac M:^.':lh;:.-.r,r Atu 
 
 frll;, ., .1 I'ornu; !':r.' ('icniU'nii.n, wlio u.,t bciiij^ 
 C.'slif ihi/iU'Jit) luiriricntl-. riif',.iirp':','d b\ !iisM.i- 
 /ler Kiii;; i.„t.!i:::il^ "I'p')''' bimlVlf to rl'c f'i.;iri 
 (,t' C'.itilv^ and ('!'r)iM'\l ol the I'.nnpcrwr CIrrle < V. 
 five Ship- well liiniilhi' -.viih lU'cefTlirv I'r-vifions, 
 and 250 Men. Thci..' i^t l.iil tro;n S.-iH, ^-Im,. ic. 
 i"ji9. And at fn ll c.ul -.iVi.iiring to ;"rci a l-'iifla^^t 
 throi';',h tlicjM-c.it River v.( I'hiu, were obi h.'d iv, 
 Winter in r'n-t>'. Y////.:.'.',bMt aftirward ih.','!'ap- 
 pily fail'd tlnoUo'i that iauiuii-: siui!.;hc lalld tlie 
 A i.' it II "I UK Trcnn ti'.e Inventor's Name, and lb 
 pafs'd from the /hlwtitl: nitotlie V uijuk Orean, 
 and fail'd I'ailw.iid as far a^ the Ifl.;iidj</(; lus Li- 
 ilioiic:^ or «/ 7';.£W.', where ioine fay, Mii-ellau 
 hiinfelf wa-i poilon'd •, but accordinj.; to oiliers, he 
 periOi'd in .in baiR:'iV'"'-"t •''■ '1^-''"', oneofthe 
 j^/j////'/)./;f lllands.after lie hail inbdn'd that of r< /'..', 
 in i^io. Mii-viver, one <-! !ils Sli'ps bavins', I. .'.I'd 
 round t!;e Citol^c, lau-e by il'e /A ',■,■£(. I's and C:pc 
 rf (•'■r,i ;i,;c^ and a; kr,j,;li arriv'd t.i:caC.''i;'/7, 
 .SV,')/. H. !v:.'. 
 
 'In the Year i 52';, Circ'..: .■>.: I.i.t\ft^ a Sp.ini.:):\ 
 cntred intoti'.e ia.i.e Strii^lir, uivin^'. Names to I'c- 
 vera! I'laee'^', aid was follow'd bv S.not! dc ,•//(.<- 
 ;^c:/.', in ii?4. .Afterward three Shipi were eijuip- 
 ped by the order of the C-lhop of I I.Kd.i.i^ in 
 i<i59, andi'iteiifth-in !;ot tliroa.'Ji the Strei^;l',t to 
 ylru.i^ a I'ovl ot Peru. 
 
 On the 1 Inneen'-b of i\'arc/.'.!>e, 1 577, Sir /r.i/.'- 
 ri< jy.iic wul'i t'lveShiiK, and l64SLa;ritn, let ont 
 fi.r'.n. I'I'ifCMij, and havi:::',feiii back tw'o of them 
 as linpedunenls, palletl the yl/. ,i;<7/.7/Strt.ii;hisoii- 
 Iv with t!)vee, aiil cn'er'd into the I'aciiitkSea, 
 .iiere llivfe Slnpi were dii'pers'd bv a vioKnt 
 Storm, a"d one ol them was never he.ird of af- 
 ter i nevcrthclels i')-4T continued tailing alonii 
 the C^oalts of I e-'if, A'nv .'';•■'.>', y'hxuo, C.il:t,-- 
 /ii.t, and other I'arts o( yl„ cnt\!, ai.d took feve- 
 ral Sp.ii:li> \ edVU rulil\ laden clin uij', tins famous 
 Vu\.!'.;,e round the V\orld, which he finillied wiili- 
 iii tlie'lpace ot liiree Years, leturnii.^ by the / aji- 
 liuiics and dpi c / (jo<„1 //. ; • to t!ie ( "oalls ot /-z,^- 
 Ijiul, where he arriv'd mi A'/jimio- 3d. iiiSo. In 
 the mean while (..■aptaiii> .'..v if'-A-fo- havin;', been 
 Iqiaratid fioin Su' /•'■.;«(/.', np"ii their liiilraiite 
 into the South-Sea, was driven b.ick a!'...iii into 
 the Streightijf Al.ui,iiliw^ whicli he ri.paK'd, and 
 was the tirli that (ail'd thnnikili tins r.iilj.'.e trom 
 iW-l\ii.:nk iiuo the .'iW,i<.f/(.A' Ocean. 
 
 Tlie third rompalier of the World was //.'."/?;.()■ 
 Cnnl'Jh Ffq', w'ho let out in 15S6, .ntd very for- 
 tunately hi;illi'd that Coiirle ni two Years and 
 two Months i 111 the carry ini; on of which, both 
 yl/.i^< .'/.;/.' anu Sii t .na-.i iJi.tkc had ipent tiirec 
 wliole Years. 1 he lame reiio'iVn'tl N.ivi^ator pais'd 
 the A:.ii\(::.iiiuk Strei^'iis a letoiid time in ij.yi, 
 
 but d 
 
 ed in 
 
 this 
 
 ai'^ 
 
 \ 
 
 o;,a.^e. 
 
 
 
 In 
 
 50^ 
 
 Sir .' 
 
 1 1' 
 
 
 : //.i|.e;.v,i 
 
 laii'd 
 
 or a loiu; 
 
 while 
 
 in li" 
 
 hi of 
 
 1 1 
 
 ; 
 
 1 J Ji, .lii: 
 
 , ill the 
 
 1 atitude 
 
 ott"i;\- 
 
 , De. 
 
 ixe;, 
 
 ..n 
 
 I. 
 
 ii>. gllthe 
 
 Streii;h 
 
 tb'jt M'- 
 
 Sfl'-iii t!ie next Y'ear , and was at laft taken by 
 the >'p..!!i:r/ls^ after a lliarp Fiiilit, on the Coafts 
 of Per:'. 
 
 Th; f ,!;rtli Circiiin navit'.ation of theGlobe,w'as 
 f'rKTin'c! by Olivrr A'oorr, or A'jnit, a Holhn- 
 ^'', hi» chief Piiiit beiiij; Captain Mdtf, an Ens.- 
 lijhi'iw., who had accompanied Mr. C\ind:fl) in his 
 ^'ovage. 'Iliis I\loo,t llecr'd much the fame Courfe 
 With .■yf:iv,cll.in , /)ij(f J .M(.\CinAiJ/j, and fpent 
 three Years in cucc iipallnig the Rarth. About the 
 fame time alle-, iIk: Drnli Heet under Sir James 
 yif.ihe, Sinni: dc (.'o.dc!, Seb.dr de IV.trrr, &c. 
 W'liiri'n Willi. tin AiImiis wa? chief Pilot, fufFtr'd 
 Srcat Ii'.convenieiicies in rhefe Streights. They 
 diriowr'd Stb.iidi liks, and a Oulpii calld by 
 them Ci'yeni li.:y,\n 54 Uei;rccs Latitude. In 1614, 
 CUnrgeSpilbcii^^, Commander in Chief of another 
 Dr.tcb fleet of fix Ships, fail'd through the 
 Streii^lits of Afu\i!l<iii, and the South Sea, to the 
 kiijl- Indies^ iind came back Iroin tlicnce by the 
 Cipi- of i'f'.ui Hopi, to the Tixil, after haviiii^ b;en 
 out near tlircc Years, and finiHi'd the fifth Cir- 
 ciim n.ivii'.ation ot tlie World. 
 
 In 16c y and 1610, Pi'd/o l't>>?Mid(i. Oiras., ii 
 rorntt^ntjc., and Fndiii nid de i^ii, a Spwiard, (as 
 they both alfirin) fail'd at feveral times about 800 
 1 ea,';ucs together on the Coafts of a Southern Con- 
 tinent, to the height of the 15 Dep,reeofSouthLati- 
 tude:,where they met with a very fruitful, pleafant 
 and populous Country. This vaft Traft of Land 
 maybe perhaps liime part of ."/.''^iw T.ijfi,en\ Land, 
 \ an jD,f/;jr;;'s Land, New Zeatatid., New Holland, 
 NcwCii-peiir.vi.i., and Nnv C'liine.t , W'hich were 
 difcover'd and coafted by the Dutch , who gave 
 Names to many Hays, Rivers, and Capes here- 
 abouts, in the Years 1619, 1622, 1617, 1628, 
 1641, and 1644, from the liqumoftial Line, as 
 tar as the 44th. ne,;rce of South Latitude. And 
 indeed the Hdimda > iiave macle the greateftDif- 
 coveries toward the South I'trra wcpf^nit.t, but 
 Itave publilh'd very little concerning their Expe- 
 ditions in thole Parts. 
 
 Ill 1615, \lili:.:in Cuiiitliiis Scho:ite» oi Horn , 
 and J.ui.ble A/.iite of Amjicrdam ., encoinpals'd 
 thedlolie a I'lxth time, dilcovering a new En- 
 tiance Southward from the Streiglits of A/i/^cZ/.w 
 into tlie South-Sea, by Cape tJon:., m the 57 De- 
 gree of Soutli latitude , which PafTagehas been 
 ever fince known by the Name ot l.e A/.tire's 
 Streiglit. This was an important Difcovery and 
 is now made nie of to good Advantage, for where- 
 as i!ie Streight of AiM'tll:i>i is long, in foine Parts 
 narrow, in otiiers Ihoal, and throughout uneven 
 by realon of the many VVindings, and the Capes 
 and Points of Laud in it, all which renderd the 
 Navigation of it ditficult and uncertain. Now 
 that we are acquainted with the Extent of Tiora 
 dti hiiq^o , anil ihid that it reaches not too far 
 Sontlivvard to be eiicompalled, the ilicrt Strcight 
 of l.c Afinrc whicli lies between the South-eall 
 Po\\\zo( 'imr. I Ji.! fiiti^o and a imall Illaiid, is lo 
 eafi'v pais'd th.it th.i encreaie of the \o\age by 
 failiii;; round that Continent is a inuchlels incon- 
 venience than what the Ships futfer'd in palling 
 tliioagh tile I'll,; St;-eij;ht ot .1. ■.;_./.',•■.;«, and accor- 
 
 din-ily 
 
 ll 
 
 M^ 
 
 M{ 
 
 ■ ■■. 1 
 
 ill 
 
 •; (■ 
 
 ^ .':m 
 
 III 
 
SOVJHEHN AM li lilt J. 
 
 <lin?,lv the 't''!;'-- now a days make ritlicr tliiir 
 Sireig'ir, of rlic i)ilicr<i|/V*-tt;(n'ri-,wliii''i lu-s m.ix.: 
 to the F. ift, hft'.vccii tlit- h\w liiwll IIL.ti'.l ;ind a 
 main 1 and denomimtccl fvnm rhe (ann- Broimer. 
 l.e .M.tifc i;n(iH-.\l Na'Pi"; mi fcvcral IllancU aiul 
 Countries', ami havinfj liunt two Year's and cii^li- 
 ti\n Days ni this \'ovii;e n.tnrn'(l In the F.ifl- 
 Indies to thll.wd. Afterwards in 1618, a 5/)./- 
 nip) f left under the Coiidiidl of H.irtolome O'.v- 
 fit de Ndd.il , r.iii'd tlinnii'Ji Le Mairt'^ Streiftht. 
 And in i6in,part of I'rince Af.iiirice''i Flc^r iK-ef'd 
 thenure Courfc, dilcoveringluine fmall lllandsin 
 their l>airii;e. 
 
 In 1642, Abe! JnnfenT-ifinan, a HoU.inde;; made 
 a very remarkable \'ova;;e toward the South 7f/-- 
 y.i Incngiiiti. And i\i 164^, Captain liieivtr^ or 
 firoiiwcr, fonnd out a new wav into the Scuth-Sca, 
 byaPa(rai;eiall'd after his own Name, lyiM|;Kall 
 of I.e At.iiic\ Stieii;ht. Hiit in ifx'iij. that fa- 
 mous Navip,ator and valiant Commander '^wJoLiii 
 Narboioiigi)^ having rereiv'd a Coinniiliion from 
 K'mg Chirks W. to make a better Difrovery of 
 tliefe Parts, more efpecialiy of tlie Country of 
 Chile, let i>:tt witli two Ships, vi:.. the Swccp- 
 Jiikis and Biuijel !>,:>■ ri>ik\ ilie former of jco 
 Tuns burthen, and theoth^r of 70, and return'd 
 in 1671, aftei- having fpent above two Years in 
 palling', and re-pallnii; the Strei^Iit of Maxell, 111, 
 and failint', alon^^ the Coafls of Pat.igotii.i and Gjilc^ 
 whofe Oblervacions and I)raui!,hts Inice piiblilli'd 
 are moiV judicious a\id accurate. 
 
 In i6Soand 1681, Captain .SVj.ji/) rambl'd over 
 rlie South- '^ea, fleer U14 one wliile near 800 l-e,',:;ues 
 to iheEalivvard, and at another time as many to 
 
 tii-^V'jIl'.v.ird ■, and be.tt'n^ diout manv 'ilaud* 
 and Coall< : Hut in Ins return iMt ben'j; able ro 
 rerrvi r ilu' 'itrei',t» iif .J/;, (•/.'•• . nri'Mie of /• 
 Miirr, or H'Oim-er, he ^^as co'iilraui'cl to ('■ I'k f'Jt 
 anew I'aTh^e firther Si'Utli tbri bv Cane /■/(>. -7, 
 •md laii'd ti. ilie 60 tVj;ree of Sonth faluude, 
 whire in depirtiu', friiin a fiiiill pi.'ce e.iil'J by 
 liiiii the ^ Ihi'i.r of Vi,rk'> I'Im.'J, he uiet wiih abuii- 
 danieof Ice, S'low, l-ro(l, aid V\'lM!es V'd Cuv 
 no land fir hree Mouths to;;i.',!Kr, till In- arn- 
 v.d at the Ill,:'d oi /> i,l:i !■■(<. Suice rt:e!e At 
 tempts, diver:, i'l'yj //> '-liips Iiaee pals'd m leverril 
 Otcafionsinto iheSoutJi-Sea, hoth!>y tf.e .'//i;i7- 
 l.i'ii/; Strei^hts, and by the -ioiith of Cape //j/o. 
 Anion;; which that w!\rein Mr, :''//''/ (/,■,• Du-.p'er 
 travcird, in the Years H'S-f , 1685, and 1686, 
 (ailed round tlie 'I'i.n.i dtl /'./c » liy (Tape //i,' n, 
 and pafs'd all alon*; tlie Coallsof P.it.ip^oi/:.:, (I'ile^ 
 Pfrn^Tir,;-.!- 1-]> >K.i,A fixitr,m(.\ even to tlielleii^ht 
 ofCilifcriii.i, whence they ri.n;.-! hvt fothe/«i- 
 di-ores and PLil:pp:f:i llLuuis, and lo came home to 
 Fi^i^md by thj Cipe of Go 'hi Hope. None that 
 ever failed this Courfe have kVm<: \\n\^ Service to 
 future Navii!,ators as that inadiiMits Psribn ■, for 
 in the Relation of tliis \'ov,;i;e wliieh he prniied, 
 all iliofe Coalh are fo planily deurib'd, the lii- 
 titudes and Loni^itudes IIj txailly letdown, the 
 Tides,Currents, Trade-Wnicky'-v. lo jucicioullv 
 and (ui all probabilit'v) faithfully L'jven an Ac- 
 count of, t.hat his W'lrk would be of inetli- 
 mahle \'a'ue, if the '^tate of AtVairj ever happen 
 to be i'ucli tliat our Nation may have Oecalioa to 
 Navij'ate thole Seas. 
 
 C O U N- 
 
w 
 
 COUNTRIES 
 
 ABOUT 
 
 The P O L E S, 
 
 North and South. 
 
 fEftotiland. 
 Groeiiland. 
 I Nova-Zemblii. 
 I. Arftick, orj Spitsberg. 
 Northern, j Terra cle JelTIj. 
 I New-Denmark. 
 I New North- Wales. 
 LIfles of Cumberland. 
 
 2. Antarflick, 
 
 'Nova-Guinea. 
 
 Kits of'Soloinon, S./fablc, S.jorfie, 
 riIorn^Ct:coi,Mot:cbe!^Sii>is- 
 Ifles,.' fo>rd,Pntiie-lVillijw,Good 
 L bopeJraitors^Middkbcrg. 
 or Souther.'.!'! .l^lcvcn thouCnd Virgins. 
 I Icrrc del Kia, orFuoga. 
 I Stotcland. 
 
 Hermit's Ule. 
 I Diego Ramires Ifle. 
 A-King's-lllc. 
 
 rCarpentcrv. 
 The Country of Viemens. 
 
 ' \Port h. J.tiiics. 
 Ouiri. 
 IcriaAnjliaht'^ Tne Country of Fro-^cn. 
 The Country of I'lin-oLiti: 
 [ The Country of Pa>rot:. 
 1 Tlie Kingdom of Bach, 
 I The Kingdom of Luciit. 
 l Tlie Kingdom of A/alenrr. 
 
 IrllC^nil.l. 
 
 New- Holland , 
 in Si.s Parts. 
 
 Country of Lcwcnnai, 
 Country of 1 dels. 
 (.Country of Nniis. 
 Country ot' Concord, 
 Dc il''it'i Land. 
 Country of Anient. 
 
 BY the Countries about the Poles [ undcr- 
 ftand not only the Countries that he near 
 the Poles, hut alio thofe Iflands and Pen- 
 mfhU lying over againft the old and new Conti- 
 nent, that have been lately dilcovcred ■, which 
 I lliall divide into the ArOick or Northern, and 
 Antarftick or Southern, as they arc fet down in 
 this Table, ziz.. 
 
 S E C T. I. 
 
 T/je Ardlick, or Northern Countries. 
 
 I call by the name of the Artkk Countries all 
 thofe Regions, which lie toward the Northern 
 or yhihci Pole, wliith are newly difrovered 
 1 heir Situation isalmoll all in the Frigid or Cold 
 /.one. The Extent ot them is fo irregular tliut 
 Iknow not how to write any tiling of that 
 Tis enough , Tliat they are dilcovcred, and to 
 let down the Names by which the Natives cdl 
 them , as we liave them from divers Travellers 
 thitiier. Nevcrthelefs we may defcribe their 
 Bounds which part them in our Upper Hemi- 
 Iphere, from A'/i/Jtovy and T.irt.try by the Fro- 
 zeii-fea; and in the other Memifphcre by the 
 South-lea, Chriflian-lea, and ///wyw/VStrei^'hts 
 which leparate them from tlie Northern Aiucraa ' 
 According to our laft Relations, the Air is 
 cxtrc.imly cold ■, the Sun appears but litt'e in 
 Icveral places lor the greatcll part of the Year • 
 but in iome places more, in lome lei's accord- 
 ini'. to tik'ir diRaiice from the /tf|uator. In ce- 
 neral it may be laid of them. They have much 
 u Vv'l'''^^ Meailows, main Forclb, whe-'e 
 the Inhiibitants maintain a great Number of 
 Healls ■, That they live in Iome of the Countries 
 upon Hunting and Filhing^ That they have no 
 Corn nor \V,iie. All the Country is Illands and 
 Pe>n,iji:Lt. They have divers (brts of Bealls el'pe- 
 ciaily Ikars, Foxes and Ueer. Hiidjhi 'n.rjn 
 and hobifljcr\ Streiuhts aic in tins Lower Hemi- 
 Ipherei fo called, Wcuxk (iavm^WiHonghby F,:- 
 lilher, D.ivis, Undjoa , and Iome ocher EiUilh- 
 >m>!, dilcover'd 'em, ciidcavouruig to tind a Paf- 
 l.ige that VVay to tlie A',.// - //;./, n • as the D,„ch 
 did, by theSire,ghtsoi;/-;,j,^.vfyo.- .--^.,/;, which 
 are on the North of our Coiitin- w. ■, , „t both to 
 no purpole, haaiile of the coi;:., „„1 Ice which 
 hindrccl tlieir Sailing, and prevents all Navi^a- 
 tion, be;^ind the 8o Degr. of Latitudw I ho^it 
 be laid, That Iome J)nnh Pilots went to the 88 
 I)egiee, and found a Padage towards c;;/,v,; i 
 that Pallage isuiiMiown to the other Nations of' 
 tayopr who make ordinarily hut three \ oyagcs 
 towards the North : i. To ^, ./.,.,,/ i„ Ip' 
 or Furrs 2. To >psijheyg in 6; «,;/.;«:/, foj 
 
 HerrinS ^"'^" ^' ^"'"'■'•^'' '"'' ^^'^^'i ^ncl 
 
 Howjva-, it may not be, imin-op.r here to 
 
 give a brat Account of the icvcial NavaMtions 
 
 Hud Dilcoveries made toward the Northealf and 
 
 ^ ' '■ North- 
 
 ijf 
 
n- 
 
 Comtrici aLuHt the ^P L E S. 
 
 Nortli-weft ^ i^i, Nav:i Zembl.i , North call 
 CirffnJ.i/hl or Sl'itibere ,in(| North will (irerii- 
 ii/iJ, ciimiii'Milv laird (iy('CiiUn(.l ami /.;.'i;»'*/,.'-- 
 Ami^. The firft Dil'cowrv "I'thefe Cinniriies, i, 
 owint" to an Acritleiit ■, for in i ^8n, A''( (V>/.f f .ind 
 j4t!tnii\i /..mi, two HroCii.is anil rii ii Citi/ms of 
 feniie, haviui', let Sail (Void ihe Strci^'.ht (-1 Ci- 
 brill. ir i\,r llwileii and l-iiyj.nid, wcie .nciilcii- 
 tally driven Nurtlnvardi hv violent Ston i, even 
 
 a far as Friedsnd, ht! mil and (iiooil.t 
 
 hut 
 
 ill 1497, 'I'lhn Cd'ot and ScbiJ)i.'>i Iiis Son ul ilic 
 (iime Narion rffciveJ a (ionmiliion from our 
 King Henry \\K to undertake the like Wi^a^e, 
 who made a Uraii 'Jit and Defcriptu;!! of limit: 
 Nortli well I'artsof W.v/f''(.', and brought a!' .in', 
 with thein foiiri^f the Native?. 
 
 Ihefe Uilioverieii i^avc rile to 11 (-"roitft of fittrl- 
 ini^ out a nearer i'allaiie that way to tlie /;)//• 
 liiiiic! \ wliicli wa'i atteinpteil many times, but 
 witliout fiiccv'jV. A lliort Account of thole \o'j- 
 agcsis a^ lolliiw^. 
 
 Sir Hii.'li \Vi!hi4^UI<\' \v,(<i th-' firft tliat ."rcinpt- 
 ed to diliover a AOKl'll I AST K.lla.'.e into tlie 
 //idifs ; and to tliat purpole let out vviili t'lreel.ul 
 of Ships inthe Year 155;. It is very probable that 
 ho landed on i\':j-j.t /.cinhl t and iirctiil md \ but we 
 Iiave no Memoirs of thi> Nnya^;?, except certain 
 l;:ort and imperfiift Notes winili were taken ot)" 
 from hisTable after liis Deatli •, whetein itiscx- 
 rref-'d, Tliat the !!eet iindei Ins Coninaud part- 
 ed from Siniicn, whith lie-, on the ' "oaii ot .\'o> ■ 
 n.t\ in 70 Dei;, of Nortli I at. on the fetond day 
 ' 1 Ait!,:is1 : That on the fourteenth lliey were 
 above lOo I e,i;'ues fro;n the liune place tu the 
 Noitheall, aiici (oiuiiiu'd I'ailini', until >^ip!iinlnr 
 14. wlieii tlieyt.iinc altioar ona hit;h, ruckvantl 
 dclait Country ^ from whence the Cold and lie 
 f ;ic'd them to return more Southerly, wimli they 
 did till they reach'd a River in L.t;l.i^id calld 
 Arz.iii.i, wliere, hi, tiie rontiiui;inceol foul \\ i-a- 
 t!!cr tliev v.ere ilmt up in ilte Harbour, and the 
 next Spring were all luund frozen to deatli in 
 t!ieir_Ship. 
 
 A few Years after this Mi>fortunc, vi:.. about 
 1^56, one Captain S'lpU'/i H/rn-o.wJjs., I'.mieiime 
 Ciiipcroller of the Navy to Qiieen Hii..tbcth, 
 j-rolccutiui.', the lame Deli^n , pals'd the North 
 Cape, and lailiiii; farther li;ilUvard, difcovcr'd 
 tlic U'<ixi.ii.t , or Streii^lit that raiii between the 
 ■^'outli part of A'rj.i Ziii:i'Lt and the Country of 
 •lie Sti>/iiiicd) :, thus, roiitinuiii.; hit> Courfe , lie 
 .'.rriv'd in 112 De^;. ;> Mm. of l<jn4itude, and 
 70 of Northern Latitude. Afterward he lail'd 
 t> So Deg. II Mm. latitude, and return'd 
 titencc to X.r.'.i Ztiiihl i\ havirj^ cruis'd (as is 
 
 Keds, 1 he Ships romp.my e\r!i ini;'d Toys with 
 tlicle i.'uttvej fjr Sal-non and oth.r Filli , .md 
 bri>ci;!it hoi::e certain N'arcjilites, winch (virct.i 
 ken (or ( : )ld oir \ but alter thes Iwd made a tnoi ^ 
 cx.ift fcarrh t!:.- iiiXt Year, with a di(i:;n to car 
 ry .iwav acjuantitv thereof, it prov'd to be no- 
 thing, but bl.ick 1 cad. At t!;.' lame time thev 
 (ound a Silver-.Miiie, wliicli iieverthelels |.i\ |,, 
 deep within iheKwik>, that it could lu/t be thii; -, 
 a«ailoadcad Ulii abtmt liFoit luny, fimewhic 
 refemblina a /Vp/j in Ihape. It h.ul a llom 
 firowini', iHit of itsSiuut (ol' t!ie fame Nature;:, 
 thole lomiP' inly call'il Unicorns Morns) winch is 
 llill prelerv'd in a KepoliiMvy at (/7«,/yi/i-, and is 
 iw hi<)t in IcPj'.th. I 1 1^78 the lame Sir M :ri.,i 
 undertook his third ''i'oyai;e,wherein,|iavin:4 pals'd 
 its far Hs leem'd cunvenicnt to linn, he toiik I'lMrcl- 
 liiiiMil the Tand in the NaukVil tiiiccn tU.\,ibith^ 
 M\<.\ c.ill'd It Mitti Itic-jy/iiiii. 
 
 In the Ye.it 1580, Ai'uin- Pitt aiidtAit/o 
 y.iil://:.i/j Iiaviin; receiv d a ( 'iMiiiiiiliion from Queen 
 J-.tii-iifih Ul Ii'IIdw the Track of Sn-jiue/t Hm,- 
 toHfli.', raaihUd ovei t!ie Nv)rt!iern Seas, and in 
 all likelih>)od landed \\\ CireMHMiJ :, but there is 
 iiolhiiij.^ purtuulai Is kill 'Wn concernini; tIieir\'oy- 
 a54e, except that they pals'd the Streit'Jits of ir.<y- 
 p Hi ,i;id lauiulrd into th^- Dceaii to thel-^alhvard, 
 wlitie, ineetiiii', w itli vali he.ip-uf liv, ihe\ were 
 (onllrain'd to return with ^reat I'eril and La- 
 bour ^ iiirniiiuch, that tticy L>lt one another by 
 realon ol the fml Weather, and I'ett was never 
 inard uf after. 
 
 Ill isHj, Sir llnmpl'rcyCdbcrt, by the direction 
 of Sir /-'/■wci^ M'.iljw^h.iin., I'riniipal Seiret.iry of 
 St.ite, fiil d upon the fune 0:11(^11, to AVii'/b/W- 
 /./-';./ and the f;re,it River of St. L.iwrcmc' 
 i:.id 1., tviok I'oil'ellion of the (Country in th 
 of (Ji_;iecii l.lii,.iiicih, and fettled a lilhir 
 there. This N'ovage wasm.ide upon ruj;f^i....oii 
 of a certain OVci'^' ;\iariiier,who pofuively .irHrm'il 
 to lone /"w.^/.y/'t K-ntle nen, That himlell had pafs'd 
 throufji a t'.reat Sireiftht to the North of F.rg ni.t 
 from tlie North-well Ocean, and oHa'd to be Pi- 
 lot tor tlie Difcovery , but died before he came 
 into i.,Jt/id. 
 
 In 1585, Mr.Jclvi D.ivis haviiij; undertaken 
 v/ith two Marks to fearch out the North weft 
 Co.iils, made farther Ijilcovcrics m tliole I'arts, 
 and nain'd the Land he cauie to, C.ipf lhj,ihrio>: 
 beln^ a Part ot (Jiaeid.md \ where he found nia- 
 ny pieces of iurr and Wool lil.o Ki.'aver, and 
 exch 1111','d fomc Commodities \< ith the Natives, 
 wlio often repair'd to bun in tlirir Canoes brlni^- 
 w\t, St.!|i-5kiiis,white 1 !ares,{mall • ^odjMulcles,^-. 
 Alterward he arrived in the Latiuuk- of 04 Oct;. 
 
 moll probabk-) on the Coalls of O/erw/.W ^ ihice 15 Miii- where was f'und a i',!fat quantity 
 
 lie makes mention of the de;ol,i.te Country, the 
 I'iue Ice, and lireat Nuuibcrs of various i-owl 
 tlicreahcr.u's. 
 
 The full i'erlon whole Name we tind Celebra- 
 ted 111 liiilory for endeavourin.', to fearch out a 
 '.'■■>/; /■/.' iVlSi P.i!lay.e mto G'j,*/,», was Sir M.ir- 
 : . /. -i'. .■,. e , w ho, in three fevcral \ oyay,es> made 
 i.ivti, niriy Oilcoveries of lar.^e Liays, Streijjhts, 
 l!iaiid=. Capes, '.,-c. and iinpo-'.t on tlk-.n ciilfe- 
 reiit NaiPcs. In t!ic Year i^'/(i, arriving with 
 two Barks at the h.eii^lii of Oi Ue^. North 
 ! i.'-.tude, hediicover'd a <;reat Inlet, fiiiCe call'd 
 i'"/?/-/, . '^ Sireii^hts, and Lul'd into ii 60 Leahies, 
 v,:t!i iiuiin 1 and on e.ich lide. Me met with lii- 
 iubitants .doiig tlie Coails, whole Canoes or hi- 
 ';. Hoati were m.-ide of Seal skins, but had Wijoden 
 
 - - J, — ,- , ol 
 
 ludi Oar as h',obiJhtr had before broui;lit into 
 i.ii.l.md\ and (Icer'd tlieiice to 6f) LV^^. 40 .Min. 
 as far as Mount MiUi^h, l^n-n'.- j ■it,id,6:c. In 
 iiS'6 lie made a lecond \'oya;e to the fame 
 Co.viU, fearchiiu', out many pLn es toward the 
 Welti and tbe next Year,'in a third Voyage, 
 came to 7; LVi',. 12 Mm. the ('omp.i'.s varyin/, 
 to Si Div,- \\eihvard. Pc give the N.t:ne oi 
 l.i'.aiuii-Ci.ist to the I and , . nd tbe Strei»i,';r 
 ( bein^ 40 leagues wide) was iio;u hnn calVd 
 feir,i: ii.ivi' 
 
 Tl-iis the h.jijh Nation alone, for a "ong time, 
 frei;uentcd thole Nordiern Seas till 157S, thai 
 a iJutO) Ship Came to Kd.i in Lipii'iJ , and a 
 Ye. r or two after another to St. N.cbd.:<, by 
 ill. iiillit!,ati.,ii ol an /,';,/,//■ Man who fet him- 
 
 f:!l' 
 
Countries about the T L E S. 
 
 ^^t 
 
 I Tciv. wUh 
 
 • Filli , .iikI 
 icli wti'c t.i 
 made amoic 
 i^l'nn ti>rar 
 d to hi m>- 
 
 • tiipv." thcv 
 Ik-IcI's 1.i\ 111 
 
 Hut be clll:', ', 
 
 ;, liiiiiL-wliuC 
 li.icl a I loin 
 If Nature ;i» 
 in) wludi IS 
 iiijjy, and ji 
 i Sir M ■,rljt 
 liiiviiv^pifs'tl 
 :t(»>kl''oirct 
 111 t'li-:.iliah, 
 
 and <■ 'j " /« > 
 itVoni Queen 
 Sujiueii 11/41 ■ 
 H';»s , and in 
 
 liut there is 
 iii;iIieir\'ov- 
 ,;lu'.ul")('.jy- 
 lieK.iilwarJ, 
 e, ilie^ were 
 evil and I. a 
 le another by 
 :/( wai ncvci" 
 
 thcdirce'^iiMi 
 Secretary of 
 to i^'ewjoiuni- 
 iXtrcncc' 
 ^ u) til 
 lilhii' 
 
 1)11 lugj^t....)!! 
 
 ively artirin'd 
 ell had pa:Vd 
 of F.rg /li.i 
 W to be I'i- 
 ore he came 
 
 undertaken 
 
 North weft 
 tliol'e I'art^, 
 \p! Dcjiil "loi:, 
 iie found nia- 
 l^eavcr, and 
 . the Native>, 
 Canoes brin^- 
 ^NUilc'.esyi-.-. 
 of 04 Dei;, 
 iuantitv oi 
 br'>ui;!it into 
 Det;. 40 Mill. 
 ■lut'l, ike. In 
 . . tlie fame 
 toward t!ic 
 ;hlrd So^at^e, 
 iiipa'.b varvni/, 
 the Nime ui 
 the Streu','it 
 (ill h;;ii call'd 
 
 .n- a "oiig time, 
 
 U 157S, thai 
 
 jpi.iiicl , and a 
 
 N.chnl.:^., by 
 
 let him 
 
 to 
 
 fclf aftainfl the Company of Ru^m Merchants •, 
 whereupon the Hollandcvf crept in more and more, 
 and in i5V4> lent MV/i/jw/Wwn, a skilful Na- 
 vigator, anci fomeothcis, to find out a Partlige 
 from thence to the Indus. 
 
 Ill 1^96 the fame WilUam F.irnits, accornpa- 
 nied with two other Dutch Pilots, vti. j.icob 
 Heemikhkavd 'John Conieliui R)/p,(\r(k difcover'd 
 Btar or Cherry Jjlmd, and pafi'd from thence to 
 (irefi,l.i>id\ but Rcnents being feparatcd from 
 ihcm , lail'd alunii the Coafts of Nova Zembli 
 fo the 76 Dejirce ot I atitudc. until at length 
 his Ship was driven afliore, and broke in pieces 
 by tlie lie, fo that all the Mariners were com- 
 pcird to Winter there, and endur'd the utmoll 
 extremity of Clold. Afterward withmuchdiffi- 
 culty, in two Hoati thev p,ot to KoLt in I.aplami :, 
 but William Birenti died before their Arrival, to 
 the p,reat f jricf of the whole Company. 
 
 In i60} Stephen Renntt was employe!, but 
 went no fartlier than Oerry l/hnd., anci broU{;ht 
 from thciicc a certain (juaiitity of Lead Oar. In 
 1608, that famous Niivi^',att;r Mr. Henry Hwlfo/ij 
 was lent forth to difcover the North I'ole, and 
 lail'd even to llie 8i IXgree of North liititude ■■, 
 but bein(; fatistV'' that there was no Nortli Eai\- 
 I'alTaiie, lie was appointed to make the like trial 
 in the Norlli-Wett Seas. Therefore in ifiiohe 
 let fnil ai.',ani, .iiid proceeded too Leafjucs farther 
 than any had done before, and gave feveral IJe- 
 nominations to certain 5'laees, as J)efire pruvoLc, 
 Ijlt ef Ciod's Aleicies., Prince Henry'i C.ipe, Kinn, 
 J(t/'.t\ C.ipe y iJueen Ami's Cap-., &:c. btfidesllic 
 Stieit^ht and Bay that Hill bear his Name. Hut 
 tlie Ice hinder'd him froin continuing his Courfo 
 farther, and the Sedition of his Men uom return- 
 ing home. 
 
 In 1611 Sir Thomas Buttan, Servant to Hemy 
 I'rince of K'j/fi, vkhAl Son of King Jiiwcs I. 
 being cnjoyn'd by that renowned young Prince 
 to piiriii;- the North Weil Uil'coveries , pals'd 
 thi\iL;!i //«.'T/u;,'i Streight :, and failing above .'.co 
 1 .allies to the South-W'cflward over a Sea above 
 Sl) ^al!Hl^l deep, difcover'd a large Continent, 
 i.iU'd b\ bun AVif l.'';/fj. Afterward, liavini^ 
 endur'd i;veat l-atigues in his wintering at Port 
 Xrllir., notwit':!landnn\ the lols of many of liis 
 .Vi.r, iie leunh'd out the whole Bay, which is 
 1;, v\ Known by his Name, even back again almoll 
 to /y'(i'^:f'> H'lard, aid found out the large Traft 
 ol 1 iiid whKh hi naiii'd C.i)y\ S.raiis A'tjf. More- 
 ova in the Vt.irs l6li, 1O15, 1616, James tl.iH, 
 and ll':.'ii.J»i /l:itji;i , proceeded mudi farther in 
 i.K- North welt I'artb, and impos'd Names on di- 
 vers Places dilcover'd by tliem , befides that the 
 / 'i,.:,lijij N'erihaiits perceiving thele Northern \'oy- 
 i-jes to be very profiiab'.e by realon «f the great 
 (,'.:an:u\ of rich Furs th.it were brought thence, 
 ciureas'd the number of their Shipping to thirteen 
 or fourteen yearly, under the Conduil of Poulc, 
 i-^ti-'trh , hdge , ' ^'iy ■, and otlier skiltul Pilots, 
 liom ul.uiii Itveral Sounds, Bays, Prouiunto- 
 rie>,C-(. have receiv'd their relpci'tive Names 
 
 In tlie meiin while tlie King of Detimark ob- 
 feivnii; the Progrcis of the neighbouring Na- 
 tuins 111 thefe Nortliern Seas, began to confidcr 
 that the Trallick of his own might be umch 
 advani'd by the like Difcoveries, being alio ddi- 
 rous to renew his ancient PreteiUions to thele 
 C<junlries, in cafe any thing IlioukI be louiid 
 out worth the claiming. Therelove he caub'd 
 two Ships and a I'lniiace to be fitted out in 
 
 Wi'iO 
 
 the Year 160^. Of thefe , Captain John Cum 
 ninKh.mt, a Scr was Admiral •, Hodske l.imUn.ivPt 
 a D.i/ii'/ Nobleman was Nice Admiral, and the 
 chief Pilots were J.imes Hill and John Kmnhft 
 hn/itifhmen. (iodiie arriving on fome part of 
 the Country, barter'd fome fmall Wares with 
 the Natives, took two of them, and return'd 
 to Dcnni.irk. The other two VelTels came ta 
 Cape F.trervell., fail'd from thence to Frobifl/er'i 
 Streights, gave DaniJ/i Names to certain Pla- 
 ces, fei/.'d on three of the Inhabitants, and at 
 Cnntiitigham's l-ord met with a kind of Silver 
 Mine , which was afterwards try'd by the Eng- 
 lifo , and found to be of no Value, in 1606, 
 four Ships and a Pinnace were fent thither un- 
 der the fame Codske Linden.m Admiral , and 
 lames Hill Pilot-Cjeneral , wh.o brought away 
 five of the Natives. In 1607 James tlalL re- 
 ceiv'd a new Cuiiimilllbn ^ but the Sea-men mc- 
 titling as foon as they made the Coall, brought: 
 the Ship liack again into Denmark , without 
 ellefliiig any thing. However , his Dani/fs Ma- 
 lerty let out two other Ships mann'd with A'ar- 
 21'i^ian and lliLndiJh Mariners, and command- 
 ed by Chrii'han Ruhardfvn, a Halfieiner; but 
 tliefe returned before they came in view of the 
 Shore. The rell of their Expeditions are un- 
 known until yin. 1619, wlicn John Aiiinck was 
 lent out with two SInps, which ariiv'd lafe at 
 Cape /•■<// circ//, from thence tliu Pilot Iker'd to 
 6? Degree o Miii. (as it is probable near 
 Digt'c\ Iliancl ) and winter'd there, calling the 
 Place Alii/iik'i U'lniiT Harbour , and the Con- 
 tinent A'civ 1' /liar I:. The South-part oi Hud 
 jmi'i Bay lie ukewife nain'd Aiare novum .^ and 
 that part toward GrocnlanA, Mare Chriflianum. 
 liut of all his (Company, which confilled of 
 forty fix in a Ship, and Sixteen in a Pinnace, 
 fcarce lo many were left alive, as were able 
 to bring tlie Pinnace through extream Danger 
 to their own Country. However, in the Year 
 1653, Frederick HI. King of Denmark, refol- 
 viiig to advance the Northern Difcoveries, caus'd 
 three Ships to be fitted out with skilful Ma- 
 nners, enjoyning them to take a mofl cxaft 
 Account of all the Coafts and Places where 
 they arriv'd. Thele having pafs'd the Strejght 
 oi \Vay.\.its ., met with fome Inhabitants o( No- 
 va Zenibla in their Canoes or little Fifhing- 
 Boats , and lleer'd from thence to Greenland, 
 Thefe p.irticular Adventures are contain'd in 
 the i'niiih Relations of the Danijh Voyages 
 publilb'd at Varis by M. Peyrere and Aiar- 
 tiiiicie. 
 
 VVe do not read of any more Voyages from 
 J'.ngLiud to find out the North-VVcIl Paffage 
 lince the laft Expedition of William Baffin in 
 1616, until die Reign of King Charles I. when 
 Captain Litke I'o.x was fent upon the fame de- 
 fign in 1630, in his Majeftys Pinnace nam'd 
 the Oiarlcs, viftuall'd for eighteen Months. He 
 traced Frobijhcr , Htidfon ., Davis, Button and 
 />.j//w, meeting with Whales, much Ice, and 
 Fowls, and built a Pinnace in Port Nelfon ^ 
 wiicre lie found feveral Remains left by Sir Tlw- 
 moi Ballon , but no Natives or Inhabitants , 
 though in other Parts of thole Seas he law fome 
 Salvages. About the fame time, ^'/t. in 163 1, 
 Captain TIjo/ihis James being employ'd by the 
 Merchants of Bnjlul for the like purpofe, fail'd 
 from Cape Farcivell by the Ij'lmds of Rcjolntion 
 to ^liili and Nottitigliam Illcs, as alfo thofe of 
 1. LZ 2 Mans' 
 
^H 
 
 Countries about the T L E S. 
 
 Af:Msfict({ , from whence he (lecr'tl «wcr a large i<ttempteci to make an efcape into another Ciuin. 
 
 n.iy to the VVfftwarti near Port Nilfnn ^ and try, whereot" he had onlv Iward (onie (ji)lcarc 
 
 nam'd the land AVn' Somh IV.iles, Hereabouts fiyinj; Reports. This t;entlemaM ws (b for- 
 
 mecting with Captain Fox, they coiif^ratiilated tunate as to j^et fafc to tiie Harbour of Sindi- 
 
 one another, but were loon feparated by foul bafii/, lyni^ btiwecn two mountainous Promon- 
 
 Weather , fo that Captain 'Jiwe^ ftiU continu'd tories, one on an Ille over againft CroenLind . 
 
 rovin£; up and down, and j'/ivim^ Nauie to divers whicli !ie call'd Hnidfcrkai or IVhitc Shirt, by 
 
 VXncts; A^ Cape Henrietta At:iria, LordWtllon's rcafon of its beinjj, covered with Snow ^ the 
 
 tfl.md, The E.trl of Bri/fol's Ift.md , Sir Tho/n.u other on the Continent, hearing the Name of 
 
 fine's intnd. Earl of Danhy's IJland , Chatltm/ Hiiarj Lric- He WniterM ni the lllanci, and 
 
 Iriniid', ivc. in this laf^ he VVinter'd in the (a- afterward paliins into the Continent, i;n|x>s'd 
 
 titude of 52 De^. ? Min. and having bu'!: a on it the Namecf 6>e/f«/.(,v£h)r 6V«/;//»;^, from 
 
 little Pinnare out of his Ship, pafs'd over to C»- its flourilhing X'erdure. His Son being fent to 
 
 r\'s Siv.w's Nfft , whence he retiirn'd by C.ipe 01 ins Tntgi^er Kms of Nanray , to pnjcurc a 
 
 Charles and Slishnry 1/le , and arriv'd on the Pardon, eafiiy obtain'd it upon Information of 
 
 Coafts of F.itcl.trtd in 1652. The Vova^e of the new Difcovery. Thu«, in procefs of time 
 
 this moft skilful Navif^ator was publilli'd in a Plantation was fettled there, and two Cities 
 
 1653, hy thefpecial Command of K'mi!,Ch.irles\. were built, va.. Cirdi- and A!l>e ; the latter 
 
 rotitaining an Account of the Ilardlbips been- was honoured with a Uilhop's See and the Re- 
 
 dur'di as alfo of the Streights, Capes, Bays, 
 tide?, So'indings , \'ariations of the Coinpals , 
 Natural Rarities, C-r. very accurate and ju 
 diciou?. 
 
 The laft Voyage, in order to make a more 
 
 fiJence of the Nurwc^i.m Nice-Roy, the Ca- 
 lhedr.il Ciuirch being dedicated to St. Antony. 
 However, thefe new Inhabitants having been 
 long fnice deftroy'd , either by the Natives, 
 tlie Rii^e of an Epidemical DiiL'aie call'd the 
 
 perfecT DifcovLty (if it weie poflihle) of the Btuck I'Lujic, or otherwile, very little Intelli- 
 North-eaft Seas •, for a PalTligo to tlie l..ui-I>i- ueiue concerning Groad.aui hajcome to us (incc 
 dies, was undertaken in the Year 1676, by the the Year n49 Neverthelcl's in 1^89 (as they 
 Ingenious Captain JohnWood. Having rccciv'tl (jv) tlie King o( Deinn.uk determining to re- 
 a Cominiilion from King Ch.trlesW. he arriv'd cllablilli his Dominion in thofe Parts, fent a Fleer 
 in the 76 Degree f North Latitude, but un- thither-, which having iulfer'd Shipwrack , he 
 fortunately loft his Ship, nam'd the Speedwell, was difcourag'il from any farther Enterprize, 
 <^u the Coaft of Neva Zcrrl'li , and retum'd until of late that Navigation was foinewhat re- 
 hom?; in the Prvjperoiis Pink that accompanied new'd by ('hrljliau W. who was wont to call 
 him under the Command of Captain Hawes. this Country liis Philofapher's Stone :, in regard 
 His Opinion is , that it is impollible to Sail that it was fometimes not to be found when Ins 
 tliis Way to Chin.i and Japati , as Captain Ships undertook a N'oyage thither ■■, and becaufc 
 James before had declared, being both incluc'd a certain Dine in ]6z6 brought fomeSand from 
 thereto by the fituation of the Land , the re- thence which was of the fame colour and weight 
 vtrfion and uncertainty of half Tides, the mo- with Gold. 
 
 fion of the Ice J &i: Hefides, that the Logs, The Air in Grondand is fo excefllvc cold tliat 
 Snow, l-rolls, the vail Ulands of Ice, and the the D.mes cannot dwell tliere , neither does the 
 tcmpeiUioulncis of the VX'eather, arc altogether Soil produce anv thing but Mofs, with fomc 
 
 few Hullies and Plants-, the Country confining 
 fur the moft part in High- lauds and Mountains 
 contimi.illy cover'd with Snow-, but the Sou- 
 thern parts more than the Nortiicrn, which by 
 realon of the terrible Ice and Cold , are very 
 little known. Among the HealU, the chief are 
 Hears, 1-oxes, Rain-Deer and Dogs-, there is al- 
 io great plenty and variety of hiili, as Whales, 
 SvaU, Dog filli , 6-c. But on tlieic Coails arc 
 
 inliiperable. 
 
 E S T O T I I, A N D is on the North of A- 
 n.ent.i, and is divided from it by Hitdtni's 
 Streight. Ai:toniiis Zoim the Fontiin , is laid 
 to have difcovet'd it in 1390, or thereabouts i 
 and Johtt Senile, a Poloiii,i/i , found it out a- 
 gain in 1477. He was loft in th; Sea, as well 
 as Michael Cnrtirc.dis. This Country is very 
 
 fruitful, efpecially in (jo'd. Tiic Inhabitants caught the greatcft Qjiantitics of Sea Unicorns, 
 are very induftrious. The Etiglijb pollefs on \s\wk Horns are io inucli efteem'd, and kept as 
 the Coalt , Irna l..:br.idor , or A'ci!' Butun, Rarities even in tlie Cabinets of Prince>. All 
 or Tm a Jin, tere.dis; but they know nothing tl'e Navigators that aruvehe'" often obferve a 
 
 wonderful Meteor call'd a Nortli-light , which 
 ulually appears about the tunc of the New 
 
 bit the Coaft 
 C, R O F, N I A N D, CroenLttidia, call'd alfo 
 
 r !■'.-•?/ '.-'.V, and more ■mciently Etif^ruoland, lies 
 accnli'ij', to t!ic report of the Ijlatiders ) hke 
 .1 hall'-Moon about the North of their Country, 
 it rhe iliftance of foiir Days (ailirg. Cipe Ian- 
 ■.\eii. Its iroil Soiitlicin Prou.ontory, i-i leat- 
 ti-d in the Latitude ol <)0 Degr. 30 Min. hut 
 iiow ta;- t'u- Continent may exttiid itfeUNnnh- 
 '.viird , IS uukiuiwn. Tlie Eaftern and Wtllern 
 I'ules >a e eiiro^npalVd with tw<j vaft t)ceans , 
 hut at wii.'.i. Degrees of lonf.iiudc, is not yet 
 Oliin-ei'i. This land is luppos'd to have been 
 lidl di*<'-iee;d by a Nur;ick,ia/i I jc iitlcman , 
 n.uii'd in Roi.np, or fU'U-head , wiio having 
 kciiiihittcu J Murtier ni Ijtijnd, tu f.iw lib Vile 
 
 Moon, and tho" onl\ in tlic North, yet en- 
 ligluens the whole Country :, perhap' it may 
 be tlie fame whuii is linnetimes ieen in fw^- 
 ////', elpeclall^ in the N<juherii Parts, and com 
 rnonly termed Stre.i}ui>iy,. It is Olid to relemble 
 a great Pillar or Heain of Lire , darting out 
 Rays and Streams every \>herc. !t alio move-, 
 from one place to aiiotlur, leaving behind it a 
 kind of Mill and Cloud, and coniinuci till hid 
 by the Sun-beaiib. 
 
 Tlie (liuiidatidos are generally of a low Sta- 
 ture, o'i a npc Olive Colour, and lotneof them 
 quite Klack i havuig blacL Hair, Hat Noles, 
 broad laces, and lips turned up. The Wo 
 iiiui fr.'fi'iiiiciv llaii) their I ,ue» -n blue, and 
 
 loirt- 
 
 qua 
 Du 
 in 
 
 the 
 fvil 
 
 thel 
 
Countries about the POLES. 
 
 ??* 
 
 low St.i- 
 
 line i)t llii'ni 
 
 thit Nol'es, 
 
 The VVi) 
 
 Muc, i"id 
 
 loii.t- 
 
 fonKtimes black ftreaks, letting the Colour in- 
 t;> tlieir very Skin by pricking it with a llurp 
 Bone, lb that it can never he worn out. Thefc 
 Natives are not unlike the Samotids and Ltp- 
 htnderi, being verv healthy, aMive and rtronj». 
 They are alfo couragious, and fometirnes defpe- 
 rate , often cho'ilin^ ratlier to throw themfeWes 
 down the Roiks, than iland to be taken._ But 
 ihcy are true Pirhayt-im ^ extremely thievilh, 
 irtaclirrous and revengeful , not to be won by 
 any kindneU or fair dealing. Thev live alto- 
 gether by Hunting aiid FitUin^, making Bread 
 of Fi ill- bones ground to Meal , and drink the 
 Sea-water without receiving, any I'rcjudice by 
 it. They (>rdinaiilv g" a Filliin*; with Darts, 
 whicli are flroni^ly barbed, and have Bladders 
 faftcn'd to tlitni at the other end :, that the 
 Killi, whtii ilruck, may Ipend its Strength in 
 rtruggling to get under Water , yet can't do 
 it, and i"o is rafily tjkeii. Their Cloaths are 
 either made of Birdskinswith the Feathers and 
 Down upon thtm , or of thole of Seals, Dog- 
 filli , or Wild Ikalb. They wear tlie hairy 
 fides of them outward in Summer, and inward 
 in Winter, and in vehement cold Weather car- 
 ry two or more Suits one upon another. They 
 alio drels their Skins verv well, and few them 
 exceeding (Iroiig wit!i Sinews of Beafts and 
 ■Needle* made of Filli-bones. But their Inge- 
 nuity appeals in nothing fo much as in their 
 Canoes or Boats, which are made of Whale- 
 bone about an luih thick and very broad , 
 lUtih'd clofe together with llrong Sinews and 
 covcr'd with Scal-bkins. Thefc Boats are wrought 
 Jharp at botli ends in form of a Weaver's Shut- 
 tle, fo as they may be rovv'd either way, be- 
 ing from ten to tweiitv Foot long , and two 
 broad ■, they have a Deck of the lame Materials 
 faftcn'd to tlic Ikies , in the midft whereof is 
 a round hole as big as il'c v.'aile of a Man •, 
 fo that when he goes to ;n'a, he lets himfelf in 
 that Hole, (Iretching <uit his I eet lorw.ird into 
 the hollow of the \ efl'cl , which is row'd only 
 witli one Oai about fix Foot king , having a 
 Paddle fix Inches broad at each end , lerving 
 both to balance .ind nuive the Boat , whicli is 
 done wiili incredible Iwiltnels , inlomuth that 
 one of our Skills with ten O.irs is not able to 
 accompany them. And we aie inform'd by the 
 D.miiii Kelatioiis, Thai ihe Cirotnliinders niWA 
 io Iwifi, that thev even daz/l'd the F.yes of 
 the Spci'tators ■, v.\<\ ilio' tliey often crolfed, yet 
 never interfer'd or fell foul one upon another. 
 As tor their Kv'ligion they are Idiil iters , and 
 feem to liave a great \ eneration for the Sun. 
 Tliey liavcallij been leen Ui'ig Hat on the Earth, 
 «i,d muttering certain |-'ra\erb or Charms to 
 the Devil, wliole proper Habitation tliey believe 
 to be under (jiound. ~' </»; .IA/mI, .md divers 
 others iliat havetr.nell'd farther into the Coun- 
 try, found many liia;ies, liith as we commonly 
 make of Dxrin/j iiud hellilli liei'ds with Horns, 
 Beaks, (^laws and cloven Feet •, near which by 
 quantities of Hon.". of [iealls, as of Deer, Foxes, 
 
 i^'Jt'.s ' 
 
 in SacriKce. 
 
 fiippos'd to have been oller'd to iheiii 
 
 N O \' A •/. 1- .\1 m A , was fo call'd by 
 
 the Kfffl.ifh, the wmd in their l.ani'.uage I'lgni- 
 fyhig AVn" J.vni^ but was liowever known to 
 the .Miiieiits (as It IS probable) under the Name 
 cf Ci> f.rbn.i. It li.i on tilt Korth of Mujr-o- 
 
 "vy , feparated from thence by tlie Streiglits of 
 Wrtypnts or N4fivi> \ but whether it b.- an 
 1 Iland , or joyn'd to the Continent of 'T.-rta- 
 rv, is not certainly known. It was difccjvered 
 by Stephen BurroHe.hi , in the Yerir 1^0, and 
 lince vifited by leveral PerHnis both of the 
 Fn?^lijh and Dutch Nation ^ who have in vam 
 attempted to find out a PafTage that wav into 
 rXM'Tdrtari.m Sea, and (o farther to Cjthay^ 
 Chin /, J.ip.in, Sec. 
 
 This Country (according to the Information 
 of Captain Jjhn It'ooii, who loft his Ship there) 
 is for the mofl part perpetually cover'd with 
 Snow, neither can one walk on tlie few bare 
 l^lats of Ciround, by reafon that they are bog- 
 gy ■, upon the Surface whereof grows a kind 
 of Mofs , bearing a fmall blue and yellow 
 Flower ■, under which Greeiifod , m digging 
 about two Foot deep:, appears a linii Body of 
 Ice. The fame Ingenious Pilot alliires us. That 
 the Snow lies here, contrary to what it does 
 in any other Country •, fince in all other Cli- 
 mates it melts foonert away near the Shoar , 
 but here the Sea beats :.gainft the fnowy Cliffs, 
 that ill fome places :.re a^ high as either of the 
 Forel.vids in Kent ■, the Sea having wafli'd un- 
 derneath tlie Snow a prodigious way, and the 
 Snow lianging over , moft fearful to behold : 
 But there are many Rivulets of very good Wa- 
 ter, melted from the Snovv , which run down 
 every quarter of a Mile from Hills into the 
 Sea. On the Hills are found abundance of 
 Slate ftone , and on t!ie Shoar very good black 
 Marble with white Veins. The Dutch , who 
 wintered in Nov.i ZemhUy mention no other 
 Bearts than Bears, Foxes, and iach others as 
 live upon Prey •, for that (fay they) there is 
 neither Leaves nor Grafs to afford any Fodder 
 for tame Cattel •, neverthclef, Cap">in Wood 
 found the track of many large Deer, and law a 
 fmall Creature much like a Coney , but not io 
 bij', as a Rat, together with fome few little 
 hirds like Larks, Moreover fome f:>t^!iffj Met- 
 chants that relkled in Rj^.i , have affirm'd that 
 there is a fpacious lake upon Nova ZembLi , 
 wherein are bred a great number of Swans aiui 
 Gcefe, which molt their Feathers about St. iV 
 ter'^ [)ay ■, and that at that Time the Rufrtns 
 pais over thither to gather thefe Feathers and 
 kill the Fowls , which they dry and bring 
 into their own (Country for Winter- Provifion. 
 The moll Wellern Point of Nov.i Zcnihlj, to 
 which H'ooi/ gave tlie Name of Cape, ^/)ff<i///,lies in 
 74 Deg. 50 Mill. Nor. Lat. and in longitude 
 0? Deg. Lafl from London. The Sea here is the 
 falteft and the heavieft and dea i\lV Water in 
 the World, infomucli that he cu^id fee SIkIIs at 
 the bottom a' '>o Fatliom depth. 
 
 S P IT- i> E R Cj , otherwiCe call'd North-e.tit 
 Ci R E E N L A N D, took its Dmrh Name from 
 the lliarp-pointed Rocks andMountains with which 
 It is environ 'd •, Spitz. 111 that 1 anguage ligtiil\ing 
 pciiiied, :\uii Beri, a //;7i or .Mount. It reaches 
 from the 76 Deg. ti> the 81 Deg, of Latitude, 
 but liow mucli farther, as alio whether lll.ind 
 or Continent, is not as yet dilcovered. Indeed 
 our Mariners generally take it for an Iliaiid , 
 and the Ihvrh only conjctlure th.it the Land 
 is extended 11. ore North, beraule the Ice ilaiids 
 firm, and does not He : is in tlie open Sea. The 
 South Parts look toward the Piomontories of 
 
 ':<<. 
 
35<^ 
 
 Countries about the T G L E S, 
 
 FinLtiui, I. ij'l.mJ, the Xanh Ctpt, &c. The next 
 I iinti on tilt Eail is jXo-j i Zembl^i^ ;incl tlie \xfi\t 
 Tcrritcries i^t lir(,c),iiiid or I'nrr/itnlin/d o' ibe 
 Weft, Init thole at fo vaft a diftitticc, that they 
 cannot be ieck(.>ntti as its Confines. The prin- 
 cipal llarbotits are, I. Soiiih-hait./, \v!i. ' isca- 
 pible of containiiii; above 40 Ships at ont timi', 
 :iih1 wiiercin faulty WlTtls are often repair'd. 
 ,:. Minnitiiis-li'.iy , {o faird l)y the HolLtmhys , 
 xvlicre feme liive winter 'd ■, anil n'.ar it Hand a 
 Uw Cott,.s;'s , wind) ihcv bnilt ''or tlie tryini', 
 lip tiu'ir Uil, with a 1'ii.ce of Ordnance for 
 their Difcnre. TIicIc 1 loufes tliey termed Schmc.i- 
 rembcff,, troin Sih//:fj-^ rii;iiilviiif',f'Vf.',''"i 1>"'1 the 
 i-J(ilcii:-Cii(jka\' , hilt all other Nations ufually 
 burn theirs belore their Departure. ^. The A'a 
 tlmiiRiy^ wliere is an llland tlie D:iHh name 
 Vogd-S.Dif:^ from t!ie threat Nolle the Fowl make 
 there m takiiij', ilicir Hij^Iit. 4. Afonyir'rHiy, 
 t!ie F.irihell Kortli i)f the vyeftern-part of (iicen- 
 U'lil. 5. Mi:hlc-il,ivtn, lyinffat the Month of 
 the Streii;ht^ of Wuyt^uis. 6. Wdtcr Thymo.-'^ 
 h'ci-ii, wliuli the F.»f^l':p commonly call Aldiriit.tu 
 t'rce>n.iu\ /,:'cr, and is a larj^e Monthofa River, 
 AS Vff undiicover'd. 
 
 l he wliole ("oLiiitry is fo encompafs'd with Ice 
 that It is very dillieiilt tiuome near the Sliorcs, 
 and the Air i* io extreme old tiiat the Jiuo- 
 peans canno: dwell theie with fafety of their 
 l.ivi!^ as iieitlier 111 iircuii.wd nor Nov.i /.ein- 
 hi.', ilie Soil, as iiiucli iis liaih been hitherto 
 diice.vered , is nothing; bnt Rocks or Heaps of 
 vaftS;oni.s, folUep that tlily feem ready to tum- 
 ble down ■, aiid indeed in,m\ greiU I'ieces ofte^ti 
 bleak olT from the Tops with a terrible Nolle. 
 T!ie greatcft part ^>l the Mountains are of Red 
 Earth, and coniii'.unicate that Colour to tlie Snow 
 upon tiitin, wlmh oltcii appears uiarbled , and 
 relemhles as it were tiic l-ioujilis and Branches 
 K^l' Trees, I'.iviti;; a bnjjht 1 nitre to the Air or 
 Skies, .15 if the ^un Iboiie. There arc alio feven 
 brij;ht blue MonntaiiH m a I.i;e, which tinge 
 the Snow and Icewith the lame C(j1oiir, and be- 
 twixt them uiaii\ lluirp i o nted Rocks, the Holes 
 whtreol .ilUnd Nells to .iti mliiiite iniilritmie ot 
 low'.s, wliole Dung beiii,^ inixt witli the Mols, 
 Nv.illied down b^ the incited Snow, makes .Mouki 
 ill tlie Clefts and \'allevs, which Ivn^ open to 
 the Suu-Heams, wlitii the ice isdilfolv'd produ- 
 cetli fome few f l.uits, asakmdof C'abb.ige I et- 
 tite, Scinvy-Chals, Sorrel, Snakeweed, /vUniie- 
 car, ii kind of wilcJ Strawberry, divers forts of 
 R.>>iiituidi!''s^ Sc/:iKrji:u, &c. 
 
 The Ue.ifts of tIii>Counffy are only thefe, -:(;. 
 Foyeswluie, i;iev, taw.'.y utul black :, KainlXer, 
 wliicliarow extreme latbyleeding upon yellow 
 Mol'i ; wliite Seals oi a piudi>iioii- ."^i/.e, foiiie 
 . t then bell g i cot hi^h , and their Ski % 
 14 lout long , Water liear , that live by wiiat 
 they catcli in the Sea , wlie* tliey have been 
 leeil IvMiuiMiig 12 Miles fh.^i aii\ hh'Te, Se.ils 
 1 r Sea-l)o.,s and Aiorits. \ cry f..w [.and fowl 
 piced here, I'f wli cii the ir.oll icmirkable is 
 tile S.iite cr Sti.iiid-Kuiiiier , o' t!ie b'^^iiels of 
 a lark, with a louriiiiiare Liil reilmliliiif', a 
 llalp, iliat leedi on \Vonn> and does not taiie 
 fill.', : l^iit ot V\ atciTowl ihcie is i^rcit v.iri- 
 . r, , .IS Siiow-Uirds and liel...cU, Io callci 
 I,-. ,,i tlieir mill in,', iip.ii the Ire i Mouhtain- 
 Dicks, \Villk>cks, Kcd (j.-i'le, Sliiiti, (jiills, 
 iNodtikj, Sea Huieoiis , "jeu I'air; is, Kirmews, 
 M.dlcihiKks , l'i.i,'oii iiiver-, litmb^, Kit'illn-i- 
 
 <-r Alderrneif, Burt'.ermcillcrs or Mayors, Ror- 
 lU-rUivers, Strimt- jagers or Dnng-llmiters, c~c., 
 Moll of thefe Hirds, except the Strunt-Iager, 
 Kinnew and Mountain Diirks, make tlieir Nells 
 upon tlie hii-Ji Rocks, to he fecur'd from tlie 
 Hears and foxcs. I hey lit in Io numerous 
 Hocks, eipeciallv at t!;c time wiieii their vontii' 
 (jiics are haVch'd, about the latter End of Jurir 
 and beginning of July, that at their takiiip, 
 Higlit they lii.ide the (jrouiid from the Sua' 
 Heams , as it were a Cloud , and make llich ;i 
 Nolle tliat one can hardly licar another fpeak. 
 There are alio great ()uaiuitics of Filb in thefe 
 Seas , as Seols or Sea-Dogs , Morles or Sea- 
 Horl'e-, Hays, Dragon-Fiih , Buts-Head, Uni 
 Corns, Sword filh , Mackarel, l.obfters. Gar 
 nel-., Sliriinps, Star-Filb, Ct. But the thiefeft 
 I'rotitthat draws .Men to thole defart aiiddil- 
 conliilate I'l.uer,, ariferli from tlie Whale-Filhing, 
 of which perhaps it may not be impertinent here 
 to give a Delirnption. 
 
 Asto the natural Hillory of Whales, the Wri- 
 tings ol Autliors are coiifiifed , loine reckoning 
 10 itveriil Species, and others, as H'^oninns and 
 H.irtholiiiiis ., making them up 22-, giving them 
 various Names from tlieir Dilference 111 Co- 
 lours, fins. Teeth, Whalebone, Oyl. Spcrwt 
 Cet:, &c. Milt the l;illi pnn^eily rall'd ihc itHjulr, 
 for t!ie catching of which our Ships chiefly un- 
 dertake tlie \ oyage to Spiulurg and CirccnLvtd., 
 difiert from other U'halesni liis Fins and Mouth, 
 that is altogether dellitiite of Teeth, mfteatl 
 whereof there are long, black, iintiewli.it broad 
 and horny Flakes, all j.igg'd like Hairs. Fhc 
 He.\cl IS commonly the third part of the whole 
 FiOi, yet lome have bigger than others. Tlieif 
 Lips are plain , (iiiooth and black , foinewhac 
 bended, like the I etter .S", and end underneath 
 the Eyes , before the two Fins, being lock'd 
 one into another w hen drawn togetiier. With- 
 in, on the uppermoll lip, lies that which we 
 call Whalebone, of a brinvii, black and yellcw 
 Colour, with Streaks of feve ' Colours, others 
 being of a blue and light blue 1 iiirture , arc 
 reputed to ccvme from yoiiin; Whales^ the 
 Imallelt Whale-bone ;s before , 111 the Moutli , 
 and behind toward the Tliroat, but the uiiddle- 
 uiolt IS the largeft and longeli, reacliing lome- 
 tuties about the leni;th of two or three Men v 
 thele are covered all over with long Hairs , 
 like Horlehair, hanging I'owii on both fides 
 round about the Tongue i on one fide, all in 
 .1 Kiiw, are 2>)0 pieces of Wliale-bone, and as 
 iii.nn on the other, befides foine others fo linall 
 tliar tl'ey cannot be conveniently cut out, which 
 \i ,1 peculiar Trade . abund.uice of Iron-Tixils 
 belonging thereto, lite lower p..rtofthe Whale's 
 .Mouth is generally white, .tnd the Tongue, ly- 
 ing ainidll the Whalebones, is very dole ty'J 
 to the niideniKJit; Chap or Lip ;, it i^ large and 
 white, with black Spots at the Eds^es, conlilV- 
 iii;', v)t ,1 loft ipuiigv fat, io harcl to be cut 
 that it I-. olten Hiuu', away, tlio' otherwifc it 
 wtJitld vi'-'ldlixor leveii B.arels of TraiiiOil. 
 On the Held llaiids a Hovel or Bump, and at 
 tlie iiip cif it, on each licle is a Spout-hole, 
 
 bended like an 
 
 tlie Hole of a \ ;oli:;, out 
 
 iieiicieo ime an •', 01 i;ie iioie 01 a > .ini;;, oiii 
 
 ol \\hiili li.e Whale blows the V\ ,tter, elpeci- 
 ally wlieii \Nouiided, 1.) fiercely that it roars 
 like a h:illow W nid, or the Waves of the Se.i 
 111 11 Morin i which None may be heard at a 
 lea;naV DiUaiice Ihc l"\e! I'c very low al 
 
 us-'li 
 
Countries about the 'POLES. 
 
 Us 
 
 mod at the End cf the Mppfr-Lip, and are not 
 much bia,uer tlwn 'horc nf a Bullock, with Eye- 
 lids and Hair likj thofi; of a Man •, the Chry- 
 ftal of the Eye is not miuh bigger th.tii a Pea, 
 cleir white, a-id traufp.-.rent , the Colour oi' 
 foine is Ycllnwilli, and of otijers pure whitf. 
 The Shape of thi- whole Villi is r-,it unlike that 
 of a S[ioi)e-N':tl(i.-r's-I air, if voii look upon it 
 from bcne.ith, their Kslly and Back are i^enc- 
 rally rcddilh, hut underneath the Kcllv they 
 arc white ■, \,a I'ome of them are Coalhlack ■, 
 fomcof them are aid) cnriouHv m.irhled on their 
 Fitis, Hack and Tail. The vounp, ones are big- 
 P'T tlian aMoiilhead, when firft hroiipjit forth. 
 At the Sides of the Piidencliim., of the Temale, 
 ftand out two Brealls, with Te.irs on them like 
 thofe of Cows, whiih neverilielefs arc, as it 
 were, (liea.th'd within till the \ount; one comes 
 to fuck •, foine <if the'e Hrc ills are all over white, 
 o:Iiers fpeckled with hl.ick and hhu: Spots, like 
 a Lapwing's F.i;c; , tlie Milk that idiics from 
 them heiuf, v.'lnte and fwcct , but of a fume- 
 what filliv Talte. The Rones of the VVlrile are 
 Iiard, as thofe of l.irt^e four-f xited Ficafts, but 
 porous as a Spot!f;e, and filled with Marrow, 
 ilis Flelli, whicli appears courfe .ind hard, like 
 tliat of a Hull, is alone by it lllf, and the Kat 
 lying at tin- T p, between v\\- F'lclh and Skin, 
 is abont fiK Inc!;es thick on the Rack and I)el- 
 ly, as alfo a foot thick upon the Kins , pro- 
 portionable to the Si/e of tlic filli , but tlie 
 lat of tlie under lip is often thicker than two 
 loot. The Tail does not Hand up as thofe of 
 inoll oilier I'lll.es, but lies Horizontal, as that 
 of the I in Villi , But's-Head , Dolphin, &c. 
 f)eing three, three and a lialf, and fometiuies 
 four fathom broad ', with thi^ t.ic Whale winds 
 liimfelf as a \ eHol is turned by tlie Iludder, 
 and his lins ierve inllead of Oars , (o tliat lie 
 rows along aslwifily as a Bird flics, and makes 
 A lonj» Track in ilie Se.i , which rem.iins di- 
 vided for a wliile as that of a huge Ship un- 
 der Sail. 
 
 As for the food of the Whale, the Ancients 
 llioiij^hr tliat he liv'd upon the froth of the 
 Sia , chuvnM with his violent beating on the 
 A', ater •, otlurs l.iv, he is nour;H,'d with luch 
 Weeds and I'l.ius as the Sea afford,, I'l nee good 
 ilore of them have been lomeiimcs found in his 
 St Hiiach : IHuf it is inoll piobable that his thief 
 tli Meat area ccrrain I'ut of fmall Crabs, o- 
 therwile call J Sea I'leetles or Sea Spiders, with 
 which t!ie liays of 0''fc«/.jm' are fo cover'd lliat 
 tliev teem all over black , tliele IVequent'.y hang 
 flii(k on his lins and tl.urs, and are afterward 
 Jiick'd into Ins Mouth. Indeed not only the 
 ("labs t!lemlelve^ , but alii) great Qiiantities of 
 little Stones, call'd Oam (.'.au'oriim, have been 
 tiken out of his Stomach. The XMiales, as well 
 a- other IJealls, have their peculiar Diilempers 
 anl divers liiicmies', of tbefe lail the chief are, 
 I. A kind of lowie or InleCt , having many 
 leet and a liea'l .ke an Aorii, with4 Horns, 
 vliicli eats thioii.'Ji the skin to devour the fat. 
 : The Saw Killi or Sword-filli, which has a 
 lung Bone <in the ImhI of h.is Sn hu, fctoneach 
 fide vvuli [eetli like a Saw :, he leldom gives 
 over eticwinitering the \V!i,ile till lie has kill'd 
 him, yet eats up nothing but his Tongue. 3. The 
 Hiy, A Ion,', round ami thin lilf, yet very vo- 
 racious, wiiole Mouth, fliap'd .is that of the 
 Sword-I ilh, is full ul lliarp Teeth, three upper 
 
 tu 
 
 and three under Rows one by another-, with 
 thefe he bites great Pieces from the Whale, as 
 if dug out with a Spade, and often devours all 
 bis Fat. Thel'e Fillies are all^i very eager after 
 the Fielh of Men, and afTault many that go to 
 Iwim or walli in the Sea i thev are tifuallv ta- 
 ken with a Hait of Flefli faflen'd to a Hook 
 with a flrong Iron Chain, for they would fooii 
 Iheer a Rope alunder with their Teeth. 
 
 The manner of Catching Whales is thus •, When 
 any arc feen or difcover'd by their Blowing or 
 Spouting up of Water, which may bedifrern'd 
 at a great dillance, upon notice given, all the 
 Mariners get into the 1 ong fioats, which hold 
 about 6 or 7 Men apiece. Thefe row till they 
 come very near the Whale, and then the Har- 
 poonier, who always fits before in the Boat, 
 takes an opportunity to throw out his Har- 
 poon ^ which IS an Iron (hap'd at the Point 
 like an Arrow, and fix'd at the End of a Stick 
 or Pole, having two Beards, liiarp at the Edge 
 and blunt on the tWks, otherwife it would tear 
 out and all the Labour would be loft. The 
 belt Harping-lrous are made of clean and fine 
 Steel , iK)t too much harden'd , fo that they 
 may be bended without fnapping, for 200 Pound 
 ( a middling Whale being valued at fo much ) 
 IS often loft for want of fuch a well-temper'd 
 Inlhument, which is light behind and heavy 
 toward the Ppint , fo that i\mg it which way 
 you will, it always falls upon the Point: To 
 the^ End or Handle of the Harpoon is faften'cl 
 a Rope 5 or 7 fathom long, and about an Inch 
 thick, being more plyable than the other Cords 
 that are afterward tyed to it (for it is made 
 of the tineft and lofteft Hemp, not daub'd with 
 Tar, lo that it (wdU and grows hard in the 
 Water.) In every one of the Sloops a whole 
 Heap of Lines lie between the Seats , divided 
 ijito 5, 4, or 5 parts, and each of them is of 
 80, 90 or J 00 Fathom long. The firft of them 
 is tyed to the Forerunner or fmall Line, and 
 as the Whale dives they tye more and more 
 Line t" • Thefe Ropes are thicker than the 
 fore ri .r , wrought with flrong and tough 
 Hemp, uiid larr'd overy bur the Line-Furnillier 
 or Perlou vvhofe Bufmef, it is to look after the 
 Ropes, as alfo the ot'ur Men in the Long- 
 boat, mull: take gn,.i Care that they be not 
 entangled, or that they m,iy not run t.'vard 
 the Side of the Boat, left u lliould bethcieby 
 overlet , but they muft rur out juft before in 
 the middle, commonly ca'i'd the :il.ivc by the 
 Seamen. The Harpoonier darts the Harpoon 
 with his Right-H.uid juft behind the ^pout-Hole 
 of the Whale (if he can conveniei; s ) or in 
 the thick Vat of his Back , for he dies iboner 
 it wounded thereabout than if he were lauiich'd 
 into the Belly or through the Guts ■, but about 
 the Head the Harpoon can (.\o him little Hurt, 
 became the lat is very thin there upon the 
 Bones, li) that it breaks out more eahly , and 
 the VV hale linds means to efcape; However , 
 for the moll part the Seamen do not much minil 
 where they lauiice or puih them , doing it as 
 well as they tan , fiiitc there is no Time to 
 take great Deliberation. The Beaft, as lb<3n at 
 Wounded, runs away with the Long- Boat as 
 Iwii't as Wind , and diving underneath draws 
 the Kope very hard, (o that great Care mull 
 be taken to give iiim Rope enough left the 
 boat be overlet. In the mean while all the o- 
 
 ther 
 
 
??8 
 
 Countries about the T L E S\ 
 
 I 
 
 other SlcKips mw out hefure, ;nu take in)t'C' 
 vhifh wav lilt line llii'ds, Tii" if it is ihiT 
 nixi litavv, the V\'Iwk' lliil draws it with main 
 Strc'itith ■, Init if it han^s Idnfc , (n that tht- 
 Eoat both befon- and bchiiKl is ccii.illv liis;h 
 out of thf Wati'r , tlicn the Men li..'e in the 
 Kop", lavini; it in p,<jod order, that if tlie VVha]e 
 llioii'il dra'v on ai;r.n, it may Ik- given Iiim 
 without hehip eiUanaUd. It is alfo to he ob- 
 ferv'cl. That if tlie VV'hale runs upon the lew!, 
 too nuicli Rope mull not be allow'd,lell in tiini- 
 ing miuh and oftvii about he lliould v.'iiul it 
 bout a Rock or iieavv Stone, fo tint the f!ar- 
 pini;lroii would be loofen'd and tear out, ivhirli 
 has often h.ippen'.l. Whenloiver the VV ha!i rolls 
 upon tiieljround, the long boat \^wg llili, tlie 
 lines are drawn in aiaui bv de^'.rees, and tlie 
 Knpe-Mail>'r l.io tluui down in their proper 
 I'laccs. If lit 1 nils iinJernedth a great icc-fiild, 
 and, and the Rope is not lonj; cnoiii^h to fol- 
 low hun, thev draw it in as ninth as is pcjjli- 
 ble, and cut it olT, lofm^ tlie piece of Ivope 
 and tiic Wliale^ and inde.-d tliey tiequentl^ 
 run away with ilie lines belon^jn^^ to five or 
 more Slnop-'. Where ^leat fpuntities of (iuall 
 Ice are ir-iudiil toj^ciluT ii is verv d:.nt;eruib 
 and d'ilirnlt to purln.- tlie Whale, for he is Ii) 
 cuiinini', as to retire ihiilier immediately, and 
 the loiij4-lioats are vcr-, often dalli'd to pieces 
 as^ainll the Rocks of Ice. I'ut wliui he riles 
 tliey Hms; one or twonune li.'.rpiii'i, Irons into 
 Inm, iucordiUi;ly as tiky perceive liim more or 
 lefs lir'd, and then he uives under Water aj^ani, 
 me fwim even allaliMij^, playinj, with their 
 
 "• , ri 3 I T 
 
 Tail ;'.nd lub, to that I'/iat C'are mull he t.iken 
 not to come too near them, tor ihey can beat 
 a loiic,Boat to nieces at a Hlow. Thus t!;e Sea- 
 men wait till tilt \Miale is pretty well tir'd , 
 and then kill him outii,i,lit with Launces, never- 
 thekl's not witiiuut ^teat Daiii^er , loi they 
 ilrike as w\ll upon !i;s C.)dy as at his Sidi-s , 
 and ficeive many leveie HUiws, all the otiier 
 Men in tile Sloops rcnvinj', diligently, loinetiines 
 forward .nid lijuietimes backward , wliilll the 
 Whiile lift-, himielf up and often beats fo vio- 
 lently wit!) lis Tail and Hns that tlie Water 
 liali.is up into tlic Air like Dull. I he Launces 
 are fixt to a wooden l''le above two latiioin 
 loiii;, or foinevvhat Ihorter tli.ui a I'lke ItaiV-, the 
 other part of tiie launce beiii^?, commonly a la- 
 t!io;i\ Ion;;, and poiiiud belore, as that ot a I'ikc ^ 
 is made of Steel or tough lion, lo a> to bend 
 wiiliout breaking; lor the li.irpoonicrs, having 
 made a deip Hole in tlie \V h.le'^ IJacK or sides 
 with their 1 auucLj, Cwiiiniue thruftinj^^ tliemtirtl 
 one wa\ then aiujiher j lui it one or more are 
 lj,ot out (if iheir Hinds they toon take another, 
 every Sloop beinii tiirnilliecl with at ledt 5, 
 or 7 •, set liiineiiuies the \\ iiale li.o iheiu all out 
 of :, 4 or more i.;o.\'.j ll;ckiut^ in his Mo.ly. At"- 
 tti he ijlhiick he Ipouts Water or lilooU wall 
 all his toree, to that i'"; 'iNoilc i!'ereof may be 
 luaid as !.ir as the Report of a Ciiinuii ^ but 
 '.vlicti he isiiUite wi.iriecl it comes oJtoiily by 
 Divjps, f>«r he li.is i>.t .itrencith eiiouj^h to torce 
 il upward j lome Whales bl.Av Blo.iJ 10 tlie ve- 
 ry l.ii\, dv.uuiij tlie i\Ln molt filtlnly, and d,- 
 i.,,^ their Sloopi as deep as il ihey were paint- 
 <;( with Veriiiilloii, nay the very Sea ii filled 
 nd aloiiti whereloever ih.^ Iwnu. Tiioit Wh.ile* 
 th.it .lie tii'i tally Wounded, he.it ths.•mle^\^ lo 
 ewfcliiM.1, thai tlic, reek, and the IJinh lit nn 
 
 them and eat their I lelli wliillr yet alive. They" 
 are fi.retl ilriick with a ILupoon, as they fpout 
 Water, and lo do not mind the ilrikin.'^ of the 
 Oars, for when they lie liill they liflcn, and 
 are loiuet'mes above and fometimes under Wa- 
 ter", ! lit It is very dangernisto afTuilt the Fe- 
 males, efpecially when bi.^ with voung, for tbey 
 defend themfelves very K^n^ and are h.irder to 
 be dilpatdi'd than the M.iUs. 
 
 Tile lon^-Bo.its often watle 6 or 7 Hours, 
 nay even a whole Pay before one is teen-, but 
 when he is thus kill'd the* convey him to the 
 Ship's lide, faftniiu; that part where the TaiHs 
 cut olf to the Fore ('atlle, snd tlie He.id toward 
 the Stern : Then 2 Sloops hold at each End of 
 ol the filh, \\'h\U\ the Harpooniers fland in 
 them belore or iipim the Whale, clad with a 
 leathern Suit. Tide 
 peculiar V\'a-;es , v/i, 
 piece, llice his Sides 
 the KUibber or lai 
 
 Nien, who liave their 
 . about 4 (ji- 5 Crowns a- 
 wiih long Knives, raiilut; 
 r '111 the lldh, wliich the 
 inore it is loolen'd, a, tl:e Ihde is H.^Vl from 
 an Ox, the hifjlier it mult be hai'd „p with 
 the Pulleys, that it may be ,ir)ie eal'ilv tut. 
 Alterwaid ihe fat i, cat into iinall ;ii tes in 
 the Ship, and kept in \ eflels or Caidels (as 
 they call them) until they trv it npniio rraiii- 
 Oil. Ihe lilubber of tome Whales is Wliite 
 others Yellow-, ard f Mie of Ral : Ihe Whire' 
 beinji lull of Imall Smews, does not yield lo 
 much Oil, a. the Yellow •, the Red and wate- 
 ry fat coiiies Irom de.id Whales, takiii' its Co- 
 lour from the Settlnu; .f the IJlood, aiicl art'ords. 
 the worit and leall: Oil, but the Yellow Fat, 
 whui'i looks like Butter, is the bell. The Fat 
 b 111,', thus chopt into IumII I'leees, and (lit'd 
 thin, IS bovl'd m Cauldron, or Coppers : Aftcr- 
 waid the I iquoi is laded out into a WlTel 
 halt lull of Water, that it may be cool'd, and 
 that the Dirt, Blood and other Dregs may fall 
 to the bi.ttom ; then it is put into Troughs, 
 to be more cool'd , and coiive\ed th'iice into 
 theCardtlsor i loi-lhe.uk, wliich t;enerally hold 
 O4 tjalloib. It is reported that one JLii^'m 
 ■A Lhip;>„i,i^ iiith. Year lO^' i;»t 26 HoiMlieads 
 {C.ido.<} out ot the loii^iie of one Whale, and 
 120 out ot it. Body. The Tram Oil is us'd 
 by divers 1 radelmjii, as fn/.e-makers, Curriers, 
 Cloth- workeis and loap-Hoilers. J\\iCycc>d.md 
 Ship., ot the lar^;ell li/.e, carry 30 or 40 Men, 
 .Men, and lometimes more, having 6 Sloops tu 
 tend them, ..nd hold Irom 800 to loooCjidels 
 of fat: The leller i^hips contain fewer Clardels, 
 :/i. from 4CJ to 700, and have commonly 5 
 Sloops or Boats bclon,iin<5 tu them. There alll) 
 ,;o ioine Cialliot-. to .Sc./'o,),; to catch Whales, 
 v.Iiith have only 3 or 4 sloops. 
 
 Ihe /-y^//.Wiv J attribute tlie firllDillovery of 
 (Irctnl.ind ox i^p.tsbty,: to three of tlieir ovv'ii Pi- 
 lots, vi/.. jtioi) l-li.i.;iski>k, ll'diuim ii.t>£/iii and 
 >.';>/ Cj,/uIi::s A^j/j , iinpolin^ Names on feveral 
 Creeks and I'romontories , aicordmg to their 
 Faiic^. But it ij certain tluL t!ie, only !ol- 
 I'.w^id oar Step , and that Ii.td our Men been 
 «■> dilijient in that paitieular irom time to time, 
 as alio no leb taielul in iniKin.j^ of Sea Charts 
 on luch occalii.i,-, dieer> Dii.ovene:, woutd liavc 
 been uiir)Utliioii.>iily aliened to tins N.ition , 
 which arc ii.AV almolt dnputed from us. In- 
 deed It is not t.) be doubt, d but tliat Sir H.ign 
 li'ii/oii^'bOyf in the \ear 155^, and Sup.eiiiSii,-- 
 roughs in 155^, landed 111 this Cooiitry loii^ be- 
 lore 
 
Countries alout the T^ L E S, 
 
 fore the arrival of the DMch Fleet •, therefore 
 the latter had no other way to derogate from 
 Sir //.((j/Zs Honour, but by conferring on him an 
 imaginary Title of an Illand , which they rail 
 WilloirrJAy's Jfl.wii, a Place near A'ozt Zemblit : 
 However, in 1610. the KifJ^i.t Coinpary of £«,§- 
 /iyC; Merchiints, fenta Ship nam'd the yiinity^ un- 
 der the command ofjon.t! Pool^for Whale-Filhing, 
 who fell upon this Country formerly di^cover'cl, 
 tho'not much regarded, and call'd it (inail.ind., 
 either by reafon of the green Mofs with which it 
 was cover'd ■■, or perhaps miftaking it for CirecN- 
 land, a large Northern Coiu-nent before difco- 
 ver'd. He alfo save Names to many of the prin- 
 cipal Places on the VV'eftern Side •, as Homloimd, 
 (becaufc a Unicorn's Horn was there found) he- 
 Point, Bell-Point, Ill.ick-Point, Knotly-Point, Low 
 nefs ijland, C.ipr-CcUl, Jce-Somid, l-'oTfl-Soiiiul,l)ecr- 
 Sound, 8ic. This was the firllTmie that any Ke- 
 ncfit was made by the l-il'nug in t!ieie Sea^. In 
 ]6ii the Company Inr'd fix '{ariiiicsexpert Fillicr- 
 meu, and fiunilli'd them with two Sliins to fifli for 
 Whales •, tlie f[ti\ tliat w*5 taken by them yielded 
 12, Tuns of Oil, and they likcwife kill'd 50oMorl- 
 fes. In 166; two other Ships were Tent, which 
 caught 17 Whales, together with Ibme Morf- 
 fcs, and made 180 Tuns of Oil. The Htlhwders 
 came thither tlie fame Year with one Ship, condu- 
 ced by Andrew Sw.illow an Fnf,li/?)/nMi , whilfl 
 another Englijh Pilot likewife brought a Spanijh 
 VelTel. Afterward many other X'oyages were un- 
 dertaken on tlie Companv's Account, and thefc 
 Coails were fretiuented by the EnRlifli , Dutch . 
 D.iues, and other Nations-, nrverthelefs we find 
 little worth relating of Greeidavd till the Year 
 i6^o, when lome EngUjb, commanded by Captain 
 IVilti.wi (ioodin, were forc'd to wander up and 
 down the Country, and to Winter there ■, a large 
 Hclatiijn whereof has been puhtilVi'd by Dr. 11^. 
 Watt!, to vvli'ch we fliall refer the Header. Some 
 Englijh in like manner , winter'd in O'reenhnd , 
 A. D. 163?, and another Company in 1634, but 
 the latter all perilhed tliere. Ihelall that has 
 brvnigiit usjny confiderahleNews from this Coun- 
 try is iicdcriik Maitti:, A H.iir.bm.'.er , who fet 
 tail from tlie River I He, /Ipnl 15. yl. I). 1671, 
 and retnrn'd thither oil yhrczi. He fet forth a 
 large iud very accurate Deliription of the Land, 
 andall tlniii^s tliercni,as Mount.ims, Plants, Beails, 
 Fowls, C"(. chiefly upon a ikiire to iati>he tlie 
 Curiofity of Ibme Cieiukmcn of tlic Royal Soci- 
 ety. This Work was firlt written in /V.^/^D^fc/;, 
 .-iiul al'.ir Printed in l.n^Ujh. 
 
 In thefe ('ouiitries there is a rontinu'd Day for 
 (our or five Months in a Yiar, and a perpetual 
 N\ght for three Months , fothat for the moll part 
 there is eaher all Light, or all Darknels. I he 
 X-t:^!iJl; tiiat Winter'd in Ciucnlund in the Yea' 
 163OJ entirely loft the Lij'htof the Sun Otub.i^, 
 and law it not again till i'(l>. 3. It is reported 
 bv thole that fiaid there in 1633, that Octob. 5. 
 %vas ilie lall Day that tliey hcliekl the Sun ; tho' 
 they could fee to re.id in the Twi-light, which 
 coiitiiiud till Odob. 17. That on the twenty- 
 letond tlie Stars plainly apocar'd all the twenty- 
 four Hours, and were viliblc during the whole 
 \'\ inter. 1 baton Jm. ij. they pcrceiv'd for fix 
 or levcn liours about Neon, to much Light as 
 they could make a lliifi to read by it : And that 
 '>ii ich). i;. they dilcerncd the Sun-Beams upon 
 the top>.ot the Mountains, and the next day his 
 \sl.ole lialy. Uuv Men that rem,iiird in Cice//- 
 
 U9 
 
 land in 1634, and allperidi'd therei left in Wrij 
 ting before their Deaths, that the Sun difappear'<* • 
 Oilob. 10. and vfas feen again Feb. 14. The Hol- 
 landers that winter'd in Nova Zembla A.t>. I59(S» 
 on Novemb. 2. New Stile, or Oiloh. 23. Old Stile, 
 ( according to Purvhiu ) law the Sun not fully a- 
 bove the Earth ; when it rofe South-fouth-eaftj 
 and let Soiith-fouth-weft. After Novemb. 4. New 
 Stile, or Othh. 2. Old Stile, the Sun was no lon- 
 ger leen, but the Moon appear'd Day and Night, 
 as long as flie continu'd in the higheil Degrees. 
 On Jan. 24. they perceived the ec^e of the Sun 
 above the Horizon, and on Jan. 27. he came to- 
 tally in view •, being in 5 Deg. 25 Min. of ulqua- 
 riits. It is difficult to aftign a Reafon of thefe va- 
 rious Appearances, unlefs they proceed from the 
 differences of Latitude, wherein the EngtifljinA 
 Jhiicb took up their Winter-Qiiarters : But the 
 Cold in Nova Zembla, was more intenfe than that 
 111 Greenland. 
 
 The Englifij that Winter'd in this Country liv'd 
 upon Venifon, as Rain-Deer, Bears, Foxes, Morf- 
 fes, d~c. The Bear's-flelh was tolerably pleafant 
 and wholefom , but the Liver caus'd their Ski^.i 
 to peel off-, which was alfoobferv'd by the Hoi' 
 landers, that abode in Nova Zembla. As the Sun 
 and Day began to appear, the Fowls and Foxes 
 crept abroad, for which they fet many Traps and 
 Giniis ■, iufomuth that a vaft number ot Birds were 
 taken , and at fevcral times , above 50 Foxes : 
 Thefe laft prov'd very good Meat, and the Dutch 
 in Nova Zembla were likewife much rcliev'd by 
 them in their Scurvies. Afterward, in going a- 
 broad to feek Provifions, they found great quan- 
 tities of Willock's Eggs , that afforded no fmall 
 Refrediment : But tne effefts of the Cold upon 
 their Bodies were wonderful j raifing Blifters on 
 their Flelli , as if they had oeen burnt : kon 
 ftuck to their Fingers when touch'd, and theic 
 Stockings were all over fing'd as they fat by a 
 great Fire, yet their Feet felt no warmth , and 
 their Backs were frozen. However, our Men ci- 
 ther had not altogether endur'd fo much hardfliip, 
 or at lead were not fo ready to complain isWil- 
 tia/n B.ircnis's Company in Nova Zembla j for 
 the Cold was fo excelTive fliarp in thofe Parts, 
 that (as it was related by them at their return) 
 their Shooes froze as hard as Horn to their Feet, 
 their Sack and other iirong Liquors were likewife 
 frozen, and a Barrel of Water became perfeft Ice 
 in one Night. Tliey alfo add, that their Carpen- 
 ter taking a Nail out of his Mouth, the Skin and 
 Flclli follow'd, glu'd to it with Ice •, that in their 
 Hutts they were wont to apply Stones heated 
 at the Fire to tlicir Feet, and other Parts of 
 their Body, to keep tliem from freezing ; and that 
 they fuffer'd many other Calamities, the parti- 
 cular CircumAances whereof it would be too te- 
 dious to recite. 
 
 The Land 0/ J E S S O, Terra E S O N I S (of 
 which we have already fpoken in our Account of 
 Cliina) is altogether unknown, except fome Coafts 
 of It which lie in 41 Deg. of Latitude. It is 
 featcd between yiCu and Amcma, and is a long 
 continued Traft of Land •, by fome thought to be 
 contiguous to both Continents, and that thereby 
 Ainenca was Peopl'd. But the Streight of Jojii 
 or Tiilay which parts it from Tartary, and the 
 Streight of Aniun that feparates it from that 
 part of America which has been yet difcovci'd, 
 Icem tu contradict that Opinion. The Nature 
 A a a a ^f 
 
 i- 
 
 t. 
 
 1 
 
HO 
 
 Countries about the T L E $,, 
 
 •f the Soil and Air is not known •, 'tis thought 
 that they arc like Canada^ and that the Country 
 is fruitful in all things. Tlie Inhabitants, fo f<tr as 
 we know of them , live upon Fifliing and Hunt- 
 ing, and they are cloath'd with the Skins of Beads. 
 Tflieir Canoes, or little Galleys, are fuftned to- 
 gether with Cords made of the Bark of Coco's, 
 which never rots in the Water. They Trade 
 with the People of "Japan , and are fubjeft to 
 that Emperor, payinghim Tribute : Upon which 
 account it is, that this Prince forbids all Stran- 
 gers which Trade to his Kiimdoin. to have any 
 Commerce in the Land ofjeffo. The Natives are 
 Idolaters. 
 
 As for NEW DENMARK, NEW 
 NORTH-WALES, the liles of CUM- 
 BERLAND and R A W L E I G H, we know 
 nothing of them but the Names, and fome Coafts : 
 fo that all we have to lay of them is. That thefe 
 Countries lie on the North of America^ toward 
 HHc'fiiii'i-Seii, that they are very Cold, and that 
 \vc have little Account of them. 
 
 SECT. II. 
 
 The Antaiclick, or Southern Countries. 
 
 ThcfeCountriesarecairdANTARCTICK 
 from the Pole of that Name , near which they 
 lie •, they arc alfo nam'd Southern , bccaufe of 
 their Situation. The Dutch Relations pretend, 
 that they are not lefs than America^ and as 
 Fruitful and well Peopled as Europe. They 
 reach not farther than the Sixtieth Degree of 
 Southern Latitude : Ahgcllan, who dilcover'd 
 them firft, gave them the Name <iiAftgelLi)iica, 
 
 The Air is very different, according to the 
 feveral Regions of it ^ but it is faid, the joii is 
 generally fertil in all forts of Fruit, wild aiul 
 tame Bcalts, Tome of which are unknown to us. 
 Fcritarido ^ires the Sp.iniard, ALiye , BroKcrs 
 and ScLoiitcn, Dutchmoiy obferv'd fevti al Moutlis 
 of Rivers, but durft not venture upon the Land i 
 they only eiitred fome Gulphs and commodious 
 Havens. The Streight of Al.ie,cll.m , dilcover'd 
 ill I J20, is two hundred Leagues in length j and 
 in fume places two or tliree, in other fix or 
 ten Leagues wide. Atayn'^i Streights, on the 
 Eaft of 'Icrr:i del Fnoco, dilcover'd in 1615, is 
 ten leagues long, and as many wide, lirorver'^ 
 Streight, found out in 1643, is much hkcAfjyrc'^. 
 The Englifii and Dutch go that Way fomctimes 
 to the E<iit-l»dics \ and Dampicr chofe rather to 
 go this VS'ay . and Coall the 'Ihra del t'uogo^ 
 than venture thro' the MM\cll.mick Streight •, be- 
 caufe of the difficulty of tliat Paffage. 
 
 NEW GUINEE, NOFA GVINEJ, 
 is near tli*: Eiiuinodial Line •, it is one of the 
 biggell Illcs ill tlie World. It is lb call'd, becaule 
 it leenis to be diametrically oppofitc to Cuinee 
 in Ajn'i.i, and bcfaufc 'tis part of tlie IVcfh 
 Indics : It is leparated from the Continent by 
 a Streight or Current of the Sea of the Land of 
 Papos, which is a very confiderable illand on the 
 F.all of Gilolo j it is a good Country, but little 
 frequented by the Europeans. 
 
 Alagellan, and the Fires wliich tliey obferv'd 
 there gave Name to the Liud. Tlie Air and 
 Soil are very good. 
 
 The STATES ISLAND lies Sontli-eaft 
 of it, and hath almofl the fame Nature and Air. 
 
 The SOUTHERN UNKNOWN 
 REGION, or r/:^/J^ AVS: RALIs 
 INCOGNITA, is a vaft Traft of Land , as 
 we judge by the Coafts. I liave diftinp.r.ilh'd tlir 
 Parts ol it by the feveral Names given it by Pi- 
 lots and Captains, who havj liiil'd by them, 
 wliich are to be feen in the foregoing Table. Tlie 
 Inhabitants are white, of a large Stature, ftront',, 
 induftrious and courageous \ it is very fad to fall 
 into their Hands, as Ibme F.y.ropeans have fouiul 
 by unhappy Experience. St.rf e modern Relations 
 tell us, That in all that vaft Cuuntry they have 
 neither King nor Prince, all 1 he People are only 
 combin'd together in feveral Faflions, in the Fovin 
 of a Commonwealth. They cdufe Governours on- 
 ly to make the Lazy work, pnniOi Offenders, and 
 render Juftice to every Man. TIk v are Idolaters, 
 and Iiave Oratories to pray to t'leir Idols in : 
 They obfcrve certain Faft(,and Walli their Bodies 
 on certain Days every Year. 
 
 Tlie Country of NEW Z E A L A N D is 
 Antipodes to France', the Dutch, in tlie Year 
 1642, were ufed cruelly by tlie Men tliey 
 found there of an extraordinary Stature. Fu- 
 naiido dc i^uiros, wlio fpent 14 Years in thcle 
 Voyages, dilcover'd it before tliofe Republicans. 
 He was fourteen Months at the Court of tlic 
 King of Spain, to perfuade his Catholick Majc- 
 fty by ciglit feveral Petitions, to fend Colonies 
 tliitlier j and reprefcnted a tlioul'and Advantages 
 that Would arile to them by the Extent of it, 
 Fruittulnefs, People, and Conveniency of the 
 Ports, hut was nyt regarded. It is placed in the 
 Dutdi Maps between the 34 and 44 Degr. of Souili 
 latitude, and between the 189 and 194D1.gr. of 
 Longitude. 
 
 VAN DIEMEN's LAND is fituated 
 farther Wtftward , between the 1O3 und 169 
 7 and Dcgr. of Longitude ^ and between the 41 and 
 44 Degr. ot Southern Latitude. This Country 
 was firft dilcover'd A^tfi/f /;;/». 24. A. D. 1042, by 
 Abel r.ij man A Floli.wder, vvho iinpos'doii it tliat 
 Name in Honour of Anthouy van Diemeits, Cju- 
 vernour of tlie Dutch Fail-India Company j 
 whence it is alio termed , The Country of Anthony 
 viin Die/liens : But 'tis not known, whether it 
 be an liland, or a Continent ^ 111 regard that its 
 Northern Coaft only was dclcry'd, with Ficdt- 
 riik-FJenry'i Bay, &c. 
 
 T E R R A del F U O G O, already mention'd. 
 Is on the South of ^/«fi;('(; it coiififts of fevi'ial 
 Ifjands , caU'U the MagtUmick , the Strti^t < of 
 
 The other Parts of Terra Aujlralis lie farther 
 Nt)rthward, and follow in their Order. 
 
 NEW HOLLAND is wafli'd on the 
 North, by the Seas of the Molucca's and AnchiUol., 
 and on the Weft and South by iIk Jndi.m Oce.m. 
 ItsSea-Coafts were dilcover'd by the Hollanders, 
 above Fifty Years ago-, and its Hounds are nlu- 
 ally let out in the Map,, between the 12 and 35 
 Degrees of Southern I .aitudc, and between the 
 1 34 and the 169 lA-gr. of Longitude. This Conn- 
 rry is divided into teveral Parts, vi:.. Fcttr Nu- 
 iiCi Land, whuh derives its Name liomitk lirli: 
 
 i)iU<jvettr, 
 
1 
 
 Conntrie! about the POLES. 
 
 H" 
 
 Pildveier, \vIio arriv'cl on tliofc Coafts yl. D. 
 1625 i Hit L-:riU VM Lavi>n:cv, (iv, Tl.'c Lioiiefs- 
 Jjl.wd ■, The L:uulr.f C(i)icm,l-^ in Dutch^ V Lividr 
 van roidriul't \ accidentally toiiiid out, and lo 
 luim'd by the i/olLwdcn, as they were making a 
 \'oyage to the /I'/o/«cc.<'i, A.D. 1618 •, the Coun- 
 tries of iv/f' , DiiWit, nuAAi'ient. 
 
 CARVr. NT ARIA, or CARPENTER'S 
 T AND, owes its Denomination to one Crtr/jfK- 
 /«/■, a /Jwf '-J Commander, who firil; made adilco- 
 very of itsCoail: •, and is remarkable for its fitua- 
 tion bnwetn New ilnlLmd m\<.\ New Guinea, in 
 tl:e iunermoft Y^n of the Indiun Ocean. 
 
 LA T I ERR A AVSTRAL DEL 
 ESP I R I TV S A NTO , i. e. THE 
 SOUTHERN COUNTRY OF THE 
 HOLY CjHOST, a large Traa of Tfm» 
 jiiilh-Jis , In the Southern part of the Pacifick 
 Sea, was tirfV found out and fo call'd, by Ptter 
 I'eydiiumd dc Oniros, in the Name of Philip HI. 
 Kin^of i)).i;>;, A.D. 1606. It is extended very 
 far frcjm the North-weft to tlie South-eaft •, and 
 to 15, or 16 Dui;. of Southern Latitude: It con- 
 tains the Harbours of 5. fclippc , S. Jago , and 
 f'cra Cm:., near the Rivers Jordan mAS. Salva- 
 dor \ and many lllands lie over againft its Nor- 
 thern Coail, according to tlie Relation o( John 
 dc Tnrrccre/nata, in tlie Voyage of the faid Ecr- 
 diihind Oiiiros. h\. Sfi'jon places this Country 
 on llie ^outli-eaft of New (Jninc.i , and on tlie 
 North of it the I/lands cj' Solomon •, bu: both 
 arc omitted in the Dutch Maps. Jacob le Afayre 
 took tlie //la>id of Good /«)r;/«f,and the Horn-1/les, 
 wliich he difcover'din his Xoyage to NervCiti- 
 nta, for thofe of Solomon ■, becaule he found them 
 to agree with Ecrdinand Qjiiros'^ Defcription. 
 Others make the Number o( Solomon's Iflands to 
 amount to 20, but their Names are fcarce known •, 
 neither are they inhabited by any European C<)- 
 iony. The chief of them are, S. Ij'uiiella, which 
 
 is of a larger extent than the reft •, GnadalcmaU; 
 and S. Nicholo. Anthony of Leon informs us. That 
 the5p.t«y(ir^; made three fcveral Difcovcries of thcl'e 
 lllands, f/i. Tlie firft by Alvarez, dc Aienduna^ 
 A. D. 1567 •, the fecond by the fame Alvarez, in 
 '599) who was then accompanied by Peier Eerdi- 
 vandde Quirns, and died there i and the third by 
 the fame tcrdin.tnd de (^liros , in 1C05. 
 
 We have but lightly touch'd upon the Parts ot 
 Terra Anfiralu, in regard that its Sea-coafls only 
 were difctwer'd by the Hollanders about 50 Years 
 agoi but the Nature of the inland Country, is 
 altogether unknown to them, as well as to the reft 
 of the European Nations. 
 
 Neither indeed can much more be deliver'd ," 
 concerning a great number of Iflands of the Paci- 
 fick Sea, which are but of fmall compafs, and were 
 only difcover'd accidentally upon feveral Occa- 
 ("ions. Thofe that lie on the North of the Equi- 
 noftial Line, were difcover'd and nam'd by the 
 Spaniards, as they were failing from America, to 
 the Ladrones and the Philippines : But thofe that 
 appear on the South of the fame Line, were found 
 out, for the moft part, by Jacob la Mayre, and 
 William Cornelius SchoHten , and call'd by their 
 Names,when after having pafs'd the New Streight, 
 they fail'd from South America to New Guinea, 
 
 Time may pofTibly bring to Light as particular 
 Accounts of all thefe Countries, as we now have of 
 America, which was as much unknown to former 
 Ages. But for the Prefent thefe Defcriptionsare 
 as fuccinfl as are to be.had, or at leaft as good as 
 needs of Countries which arc never travell'd to, 
 nor from which any thing is brought for our ufe. 
 And with them wc ftiall clofe our Defcription, 
 which wc hope has anfwer'd the Reader's Expe- 
 ftation, and given him an Idea of all the Known 
 Parts of the Earth. We heartily wilh him as much 
 Pleafure and Profit in reading it, as wc have had 
 Care and Pains in compofing it, and then I am fure 
 wc (hall both be pleafed. 
 
 F 1 H. I S, 
 
 
 ••■'; 
 
 
 . i.y'L> ' 
 
 ■ ,1 ' ■ ■ 
 
 
 
 ... 'r.l.t 
 - . f 
 
 . 1 ' 
 
 - V,.-; 
 
 f 3 
 
 tfi 
 
 m 
 
"BOOKS Trtnted for Awndiam and John Churchill, 
 
 Pater-Nofter-Row. 
 
 tn 
 
 ATreatife of Antlent and Prefent Geoprjpliy. To- 
 gellirr with a Sttt of Mjpi, both of Antient and 
 Pretent GeoRrapl-.y, dclign'd for the life of Young Slu- 
 dcnti in the llniveilitics- 
 
 A New Sett of Maps both of Antient and Trefcnt Geo- 
 graphy, wherein not only the Latitude and Lonfiitude of 
 many Placei are Corredted, and according to the lateft 
 Obfervationi ; but alfo the mort Remarkable Difterencei 
 of Antient and Prefent Geography may be quickly dif- 
 crrn'd by a bare Infpeiftion or comparing of Corrcfpon- 
 dent Mapi ; which fernii to be the molt natural and 
 eaiie Method to Itad Young Students (for whofe ufe the 
 Work ii principally intendedj unto a Competent know- 
 ledge of the Geographical Science Both by Edurtrd ffeHi, 
 D D. and Student of VLnft-Chiirch, Oxoii. 
 
 Mr. LoclC* F.tTiy of Human Underftanding, in Fa/.l 
 
 —Two Treatifei of Government j in the former, the 
 falfe Piinciplri and Foundation of Sir Robert h'llmcr and 
 hii Followerj are deteiitoil and overthrown ; The la'ler 
 an Elfay concerning the True Original, Exttnt, and h'lid 
 of Civil Government 
 
 —™— Letter concerning Toleration. 
 
 — — »d Letter concerning Toleration. 
 
 ——3d Letter for Toleration, to ihe Auihorof the jd 
 Letter concerning Toleration. 
 
 - — -The Reafonablenefi of Chridianilyai delivered in 
 the Scripturei 
 
 1 ft Vindication of Reafon.iWenefi of Chriftianiiy. 
 
 — id Vindication of Reafonablenefi of Chriftianily. 
 — — Some Thoughts corcetning Kduca'ion. 
 
 Several Papers relating to Money> Intereft and 
 
 Trade, V- 
 
 Letter to Edmtrd L Bp. of Worctfitr. 
 
 —- Ri-ply to ihe Bp. o^lVorcejler. 
 
 — Reply to the Ep. of M'orcf/Jer-'s Anfwer to his »d 
 Letter, where liefidcs other incident Matters, what bis Lord- 
 fliiphasfaid, concerning Certainly by Reafon, Crrtiinty 
 by Ide.i>i and Certainly of Faith j the Rtfurredionof the 
 fame Body ; The Immateriality of the Soul ; the Iiicon- 
 
 fiftency of Mr- Loc\(,t Notions of the Articles of the Chri- 
 Itian Faith, and their Tendency to Scepticifm is examined. 
 
 PoH humous Works of Mr. Jchn Loci;, vi:(. 1. Of the 
 Condudl of the Underftanding. 1. An KKamination of P. 
 MtilttraiichU Opinion of feeing all things in Gud. ?• A 
 Difcourfe of Miracles. 4. Part of a Fourth Letter tor To- 
 leration. <• Memoirs relating to the Lite of WnrAonr, firlf 
 KkIo( Sliaft'tury. To which is adiltd, 6. HisNew Me- 
 thod of a Common Place Book. Wrilteii Originially in 
 French, and now tranflated intoEnglifh. ivo. 
 
 A Paraphrafe and Notes on the Kpilf lei of St. PmiI to the 
 GaUtiam, 1 and 2 Coriiithiani, Romans, Ephejiatit. To 
 which ii Prelix'd, an Ellay for the Uii.lcrftanding of St, 
 i'aul't Rpiftles, by coiifuliing St. I'jul hhnlelf. The Se- 
 cond Edition, ^to. 
 
 Some Familiar Letters between Mr. Locj!;, and feveral of 
 bis Friends. 8ro. 
 
 .-/// ihefe tbovt Writ bj Mr. Lock. 
 
 Mr. TMem't View of Univerfal Hiftory, being a com- 
 plete Chronology from Ihe Creation to this time, in 16 
 Copper-Plates. 
 
 Cambridgt Concordance. 
 
 Cnmnion- place Book to the Holy Bible. 
 
 Dr. (jfhfon't Anatomy of Humane Bodies, Epitotiiiz'd 
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 Mr. Kjttlettieirt great Evil and Danger of Proph.incn((ii 
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 Church of'^ EigUnd : With Colledls and Pray«ri for every 
 
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 DVllor Hiftoricui : Or, a (hort Syftem of Univerfal 
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 fiffim emendatur. 8fu. A TARLF 
 
rchill, 
 
 i 
 
 I of the Cliri- 
 ii examined. 
 »j^. I. Of the 
 linjtion ot P- 
 iGud. « A 
 Letter tor To- 
 imhonj, tird 
 HiiNewM?- 
 Oiiginially iii 
 vo. 
 
 St. Pjh/ to I lie 
 phejiant. To 
 ending of St. 
 ilelt. TheSe- 
 
 aiid feverjl of 
 
 beinji a corn- 
 it tiitiej in li 
 
 u, Epitoniiz'i) 
 itrlanJs, 
 
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 f Proph.itientfii 
 
 and Fjftiofthe 
 ■ayeri for efery 
 
 other Subjeftf.- 
 ineary, for ihe 
 uld learn either 
 
 hice-Harc 
 
 rjeSurei cnn- 
 uclinnj of the 
 jy Cl'riftianui 
 
 jrporeis Lihri 
 Cjr for tat urn 
 I'etirum Gi 
 
 o>i;ei\urte tta- 
 
 attar. 
 
 f Greecf. In 
 
 thent. J. The 
 
 ri of the Grr- 
 By John 
 
 kcund Edition 
 
 tiei of Rfitne. 
 llluUriteJ 
 ifed and Cur- 
 
 £f Interpre- 
 ihiiii. Editia 
 
 im InterfretA- 
 
 bilfhiHi. /;- 
 
 I Piri expun- 
 
 li:ierprrt*r 10 
 
 A TABLE 
 
 An Alphabetical 
 
 TABLE 
 
 Of the Countries, Cities, Towns< Rivers, 
 Mountains, and remarkable Places in 
 ASIA, AFRICA and AMERICA 
 
 AAidcibeitzan P. 69 
 
 Abancai I99 
 
 Abela i8 
 
 Abel-beth ibid. 
 
 AbelmeuU 30 
 
 Abcx,P. 3oa 
 
 Abila ' 32- 
 
 Ablud P. 99 
 
 ABYSSINIA 198 
 
 .« 'the Name 201 
 
 Act, Terr. I9S 
 
 Acapulco l6i 
 
 Acarni 319 
 
 Accadia P. a ji 
 
 Aocaron 3$ 
 
 Acharon 33 
 
 Achiafcl $> 
 
 Achillx Collit 34 
 
 Achio, K. ami C 117 
 
 Ada 183 
 
 Acra 41 
 
 Fort ao9 
 
 AcrabaU 3° 
 
 Aae , i9 
 
 Aeon ibid. 
 
 Acron P. ao9 
 
 Adea K. 103 
 
 Add, K. and C ibid. 
 
 Aden. P. and C 44 
 
 Adorn P. 30B 
 
 Adrach 28 
 
 Ad&ner of Aimer loa 
 
 Aen 3^ 
 ETHIOPIA upper a 16 
 
 i lower ibid. 
 
 JGthiopii Fou 35 
 
 AFRICA 1(5 
 
 . — .T. or 
 
 Mehedia 183 
 
 Agada K. loS 
 
 A^obel 170 
 
 i^gonna P. 209 
 
 Agorto 3»7 
 
 Agra P. and K. 96 
 
 Agueda Fort ■ 10 
 
 Aguer Cape i7> 
 
 At 33 
 
 AialoB 3$ 
 
 Aian P. soj 
 
 Aittalottch 8 
 
 Aiazco I r 
 
 Aidet • 210 
 
 Aidncal. M. 170 
 
 Ainin. III. 14^ 
 
 Air el Giqun i?^ 
 
 Akhite 9 
 
 AlabaAbyft. 199 
 
 Alaba,K.i£thiop. aif 
 
 Aladulia P. 10 
 
 Alagoai 311 
 
 Alaguanl. 13) 
 
 Alcath a 7 
 
 Alcazer Cuirir 1 74 
 
 Alen'Jiii or £Ieodin 171 
 Aleppo tS, 16 
 A (.'xinilria in Egypt. 188 
 .^leKandrinura Cifirum 30 
 
 AlfooresPop. 134 
 
 Algier P. and C. 1 79 
 
 Alguel 170 
 
 Aliach Sheycr 8 
 
 Allout-neur 116 
 
 All-Saintt Bay ji2 
 
 Almatilbra 174 
 
 Almath 3a 
 
 Almedlna 171 
 
 Almochafchor 177 
 Alraro de Mindino I. 
 3«8 
 
 Amadabat 101 
 
 Amahara P. aco 
 
 Amalekitet 38 
 
 Atnatia to 
 
 Amazons Couotrey 10 
 
 - .Riwr 30; 
 
 Ambacanct 199 
 
 Amba Guczen Rock aoo 
 
 Amboynal. 131 
 
 AMERICA »^<i 
 
 Ammer 99 
 Antfflonitet 34. 31 
 
 Amnafan 10 
 Afflbritet 24. 31 
 
 Amethdaa 27 
 
 Amoul 7s 
 
 Anatan I. 135 
 
 Anathoth 32 
 
 Anatolia 4 
 
 Anchedival. 110 
 
 Andalufia New P. 296 
 
 Andei M. 288 
 
 Anegada I. 27^ 
 
 Aner 30 
 
 Anfa 174 
 
 Angid P. 177 
 
 Angeiim 104 
 
 Angofe P. and C. 189 
 
 Angola K. 11 $ 
 
 Angot K. 30$ 
 
 Angouri 9 
 
 Adgoy K. ai3 
 
 Att^adoiReyei 313 
 
 Anguila I. 378 
 
 Anith i6 
 
 Anna P. and C. 41 
 
 Saint Anna on Appipnen 
 
 Arradez 
 
 I<2 
 
 
 J19 
 
 Atfcpone 
 
 104 
 
 Annobon I. 
 
 332 
 
 Aru I. 
 
 >3* 
 
 Antachia^ 
 
 t7 
 
 Aruba I. 
 
 280 
 
 Antaodro't 
 
 7 
 
 ArzilaorZilia 
 
 '74 
 
 Antatctick Coanttiei 
 
 33$ 
 
 As Alogai 
 
 308 
 
 Ante P. 
 
 308 
 
 Afcalon 
 
 ?f 
 
 Antego I. 
 
 379 
 
 Arcenlionl. asi. 327 
 
 Aotequara 
 
 atfa 
 
 Afear P. 
 Afliaroff 
 
 174 
 
 ADthcdOD 
 
 3; 
 
 70 
 
 St. Anthonyi Fort 
 
 312 
 
 Aflidod 
 
 3$ 
 
 A nth. Vaz I. 
 
 311 
 
 ASHER Tribe 
 
 27 
 
 Antioch 
 
 '7 
 
 Afmer 
 
 I03 
 
 Antiochia Pifidix 
 
 II 
 
 Afoa 
 
 190 
 
 Atitlochia in America 
 
 Afor 
 
 27 
 
 
 a88' 
 
 AITediin 
 
 ibid. 
 
 Antilles Iflet. 
 
 277 
 
 AfTot 
 
 7 
 
 Antipatris 
 
 30 
 
 Afliiaa 
 
 190 
 
 Aiitoce 
 
 lOI 
 
 Afloin 
 
 305 
 
 St. Antonio I. 
 
 aat 
 
 Aflumption 
 
 J«7 
 
 At)ierma 
 
 288 
 
 ASSYRIA 
 
 4S-$i 
 
 ADZico K. 
 
 213 
 
 Aftaroth 
 
 23 
 
 Apachci Pop. 
 
 aji 
 
 Atlai M. 1701 1 
 
 7'. «9S 
 
 ApiUchean M. 
 
 343 
 
 Attock P. and C. 
 
 98 
 
 Aprruvaca R. 
 
 305 
 
 Ava K. and C. 
 
 116 
 
 Aphec 
 
 29 
 
 Las Avei 1. 
 
 279 
 
 Aphfk 
 
 27 
 
 St. Augufline Cape 
 
 3i« 
 
 Aquambod P, 
 
 209 
 
 ATido 
 
 6 
 
 ARABIA 
 
 37 
 
 Avila 
 
 'It 
 
 . Deferta 
 
 4' 
 
 Auranitii 
 
 Kcelix 
 
 42 
 
 Aurare 
 
 ibid. 
 
 Petrata 
 
 4' 
 
 Auraz M. 
 
 180 
 
 Aricam P. 
 
 lis 
 
 Auriola P, 
 
 109 
 
 Aramathxa 
 
 30 
 
 Aweiri 
 
 aio 
 
 Araya Cape 
 
 385 
 
 Aiem P. 
 
 iq9 
 
 Arba or Kirjah-arba 
 Arbela 
 
 34 
 
 Azamor 
 Azecha 
 
 -'If 
 
 Arbelit 
 
 27 
 
 Azel 
 
 aoo 
 
 Archedona 
 
 294 
 
 Azotui 
 
 23- 3S 
 
 Ar^ck Countriei 
 
 ajj, 
 
 Ainga 
 
 199 
 
 
 33s 
 
 Azuth 
 
 190 
 
 Ardebil 
 
 69 
 
 
 
 Arder 
 
 110 
 
 
 
 ——Magna 
 
 ibid. 
 
 B, 
 
 
 Arebo 
 
 aio 
 
 
 
 Arequipa 
 ArgJa V. and C. 
 
 296 
 4< 
 
 B Eabel-miDdel I. 
 
 210 
 
 30} 
 
 Argier K. 
 
 I7« 
 
 Babereth 
 
 39 
 
 Argob 
 
 38 
 
 Babylon 
 
 4* 
 
 Argimskoi 
 Aifioa 
 
 82 
 
 Bacar P. 
 
 loa 
 
 182 
 
 Bachian I. 
 
 131 
 
 ArilTa 
 
 3tf 
 
 Bidoula 
 
 137 
 
 Amia 
 
 288 
 
 Baeza 
 
 194 
 
 ARMENIA Maj. 
 
 52 
 
 BafMftede Fort 
 Bamvt Bay 
 
 30* 
 
 Arnedo 
 
 395 
 
 319 
 
 Arnt>t 
 
 Ibfd", 
 
 Biffb 
 
 13 
 
 Aroer 
 
 Bagamcdii P. and C. 
 
 Arofeth 
 
 17 
 
 
 If? 
 
 Arrttife 
 
 30 
 
 Bagdat 
 
 48 
 
 Bbbb 
 
 
 
 A- 
 
 H 
 
 HMHi 
 
i 
 
 11 
 
 Bignigat 
 BalMren I. 
 BihU de 
 
 rhe TABLE. 
 
 todoi 
 
 M 
 
 Baikal L. 
 
 Bjku 
 
 Ba!agna P. 
 
 Balbec 
 
 Balch P. 
 
 BaldiTta, or Vildiv'u 
 
 Balia I. 
 
 Ballagate R. 
 
 Pr. 
 
 Ballapur 
 
 Ballafore 
 
 Balfai R. 
 
 Balfora 
 
 Baly I. 
 
 Bamba P. and €■ 
 
 Bamboukkale 
 
 Bamoth-BiJi 
 
 fiancock 
 
 BandarmafFm 
 
 Banda I. 
 
 BaDdo P. ami C. 
 
 Bangia 
 
 Biokifli P. 
 
 Binnarei 
 
 Bantam K. and C. 
 
 BaiUi. or Barbuda 
 
 Barbidoei I. 
 BARBARY 
 Barca P. 
 
 Defart 
 Bircebr 
 Birdei 
 BarnagafTo P* 
 Barique Zimeto 
 
 Baroa 
 Batoche 
 Barraboa 
 
 St. Bartholomew I. 
 Bafaim P. 
 Bifhar 
 
 BifTora or Balfora 
 BanioD 01 Fran, 
 featallo M. 
 Batavia 
 Batecalao 
 Baticala K.' and C. 
 Batta P. 
 feitufabar 
 Batymena K. 
 Bazedor R. 
 Bccfangil 
 Bcder 
 Beerftieba 
 Beggia P. and T. 
 Beither 
 Beocalis ' 
 Beocouli Port 
 Bcndel in Adea 
 Bender Abafli 
 Bender Congo 
 Bender Rakel 
 Beodcr Rik 
 Bene A rax 
 Bene Araxid F, 
 BeDehafl M. 
 Beoeftiaif 
 Bene ZenSe M. 
 Bengal P. 
 
 Hi Gengnola P. and c. 31$ 
 
 7$ RENJAMIN Tribe 31 
 
 Santos Beniquan'd M. ^84 
 
 )12 Benthulud 17 J 
 
 81 Bcnijargar M. ibid. 
 
 tfS Beninicjuer M. #71 
 
 10; Benin K. 110, in 
 
 19 — __City III 
 
 98 Benrart 183 
 
 314 BerarucabaM. . 3^4 
 
 180 Berdan P. 197 
 1 1 1 Bertni *^ 
 lof Beimudai t. 27; 
 104 Beroot 17 
 
 ibid. Berric 179 
 
 28) Berfiamif:' Fop. 2)3 
 
 51 Bethibir, 32 
 
 129 Bethany 3 J 
 314 Bethdignn 37 
 293 Bethel 3a 
 
 9 Beth-h»am 31 
 
 32 . Bethlehem Judah 34 
 
 119 Bethlem 23 
 
 ■ 28 Bethmeth 27 
 
 130 Bethoron 30 
 
 102 Bethphogor 33 
 ao4 Bethfaida 28 
 
 103 — -Defart ibid. 
 
 104 BethfiD 21. 29 
 128 Bethfemei 35 
 
 I. Bethfemeth 27 
 
 279 Bethfliemofli 29 
 
 ibid. Bethfur or Bethrora 34 
 
 168 ^thulia ag 
 
 18$ Bettlis 52 
 
 193 Bezck 30«S4 
 
 no Biafara P. and G 112 
 
 ibid. Bicaner lox 
 
 199 Bijagis or Biafara 307 
 
 Terr. Bilcara 1 94 
 
 2U Bllcas 396 
 
 199 BILEOULGERID i9> 
 
 100 p. i;3 
 
 204 Biailipatan 1 112 
 
 278 Bipur P. ; : ,-.109 
 
 100 BIr orElbir , 47 
 
 24 Bitkeot 80 
 
 51 BifcayNew. P. 35$ 
 
 181 Bifoagar K. and C. 113 
 179 BIzo 171 
 118 Boa Vifti h 121 
 
 126 Bobat 174 
 109 Bocchiri 288 
 214 Bogota 287 
 120 Boholl. 133 
 109 BojadarCape 19J 
 19a Boin P. 9 
 
 $ Bombay I. loa 
 
 10$ Bombon Ter. 29$ 
 
 36 Bona P. and C. a 81 
 
 183 Borgi 194 
 
 103 Borneo I. 128 
 
 12S ——City a 39 
 
 127 BornoK. .I'ST 
 303 Bofciaaa I. 11 
 
 7$ Bofoor Bozra 32 
 
 ibid. Bofra 28 
 
 7) Bofra or BufTerith 41 
 
 ibid. Bofton New England 339 
 
 177 Botthera P. 187 
 
 ibid. Brampore 10$ 
 
 t7$ BRAZIL 306 
 
 190 Brava 203 
 
 177 __ine 3at 
 
 103 BraraghulR. 2il 
 
 104 Brima P. lod C. 116 
 
 Brefcar or Berfac 
 
 t19 
 
 Brinkalattre 
 
 103 
 
 Britain New 
 
 229 
 
 Brodrt 
 
 lof 
 
 Burker P. and C. 
 
 99 
 
 Buenvcntura 
 
 388 
 
 Bueo Ayrc I. 
 
 280 
 
 Buenos Ayres 
 
 319 
 
 Buen Vifta i. 
 
 '3S 
 
 Bugana 
 
 199 
 
 Bu|iia P. and C, 
 
 180 
 
 Bulaganiki 
 Bulak 
 
 81 
 
 189 
 
 Bullodies Pop. 
 
 99 
 
 Burantz 
 
 81' 
 
 Burattiaot Pop. 
 
 ibid. 
 
 Bulfa 
 
 6 
 
 BufTerith 
 
 4J 
 
 Bui tons Bay 
 
 339 
 
 Butua F. andC. 
 
 217 
 
 Byana 
 
 97 
 
 Byra 
 
 31 
 
 Byferta P. and T. 
 
 182 
 
 Bzo or Biz* 
 
 171 
 
 CAbez I 
 
 Cabo di T ii>:ci 10 
 
 Cabo Verde I. 221 
 
 Cabul in Pilenine 37 
 
 Cabul in India P. and C. 98 
 
 Cachet $6 
 
 Cacongo K. 213 
 
 -._R. ibid. 
 
 Czfarea Flavia 30 
 
 1 Palaft ibid. 
 
 -Philippi 27 
 
 CaFrei Coafl 
 
 Cafia 
 
 Cagemina I. 
 
 Cairo 
 
 Cairoan P. and T. 
 
 C^ifar 
 
 Calamianci I. 
 
 Calao 
 
 Fort 
 
 Calcatta 
 
 Calccoitlam K. and C 
 
 Call 
 
 Calicut K. and C. 
 
 California 
 
 Calipatam 
 
 Callao Port 
 
 Callamacha 
 
 Calleada 
 
 Callioubiech P. 
 
 Callirhoe 
 
 Calpentine I. 
 
 Calvary M. 
 
 Calvo Port 
 
 Cambaia P. and C 
 
 Cambalu 
 
 Cambate K, 
 
 Cambodia 
 
 Cambori 
 
 Cammara 
 
 Camow 
 
 Campeche T. 
 
 Bay 
 
 Campeng-pet 
 Camper K. 
 Cana Maj. 
 
 of Galilee 
 
 Cuuoitci 
 
 218, 219 
 194 
 309 
 ■ 88 
 
 183 
 
 10 
 
 133 
 
 178 
 ibid. 
 104 
 
 i«.8 
 288 
 109 
 
 2|0 
 ««S 
 295 
 
 102 
 
 ibid. 
 
 187 
 
 31 
 
 125 
 
 33 
 
 }ii 
 
 .101 
 
 80 
 
 217 
 
 120 
 
 i8» 
 
 103 
 
 2^3 
 
 ibid. 
 "7 
 
 H7 
 27 
 39 
 
 99' 
 
 CANADA 330 
 
 .m-. — -Prop. saj 
 
 •———River 33a 
 
 Canara P. 109 
 
 Canaranc or Caypoumo K. 
 
 «<7 
 
 393 
 
 321 
 
 ibid, 
 azo 
 
 ?» 
 ibid. 
 
 n 
 
 115 
 113 
 
 294 
 104 
 3c6 
 If^ 
 
 ICO 
 
 loj 
 146 
 
 117 
 
 3« 
 
 309 
 319 
 
 207 
 
 321 
 
 John 
 
 212 
 
 2» 
 
 30 
 
 310 
 
 34 
 
 «3? 
 
 47 
 
 II 
 
 388 
 100 
 loj 
 Ito 
 
 179 
 
 28j 
 
 17 
 
 305 
 
 377 
 3u 
 
 271 
 21.28 
 
 Canarei Terr. 
 Canaria Grand f. 
 0. 
 
 Canary lllci 
 
 Candabora 
 
 Candahara P. dnd C. 
 
 Candalor 
 
 Cande in Ceylon 
 
 Candegry 
 
 Canela Terr. 
 
 Cannowe 
 
 Cano K. and C. 
 
 Canoner K. and C. 
 
 Canorein I. 
 
 Canow 
 
 Canton 
 
 Caor P. and C. 
 
 Caparofi 
 ij. Cape Cors K. 
 " Capeot unod Hope 
 
 Cape Verd 
 
 Kits 
 
 84 Cape and Bay Of St, 
 
 Caperntium 
 
 Capharfoluna 
 
 Capibaribi 
 
 Capfaul 
 
 Capul I. 
 
 Carahmet 
 
 Caramania P. 
 
 Caraminta 
 
 Carania IIL 
 
 Carapara 
 
 Carapitan 
 
 CarapulaM. 
 
 Careta 
 
 Carjathaim 
 
 Caribana 
 
 Caiibbee Ifles 
 
 Carigi 
 
 Carlos 
 
 Carmcl MQui\t 
 
 . M. in Judza 
 CAROLINA 
 Cartagena P. and C. 
 Gartha 
 Carthi?e - 
 
 — — in Amet 
 Catthau 
 Carvallcda 
 Cafa fa „ - 
 Cafangas P. 
 Caibin or Cafwin 
 Cafcanes Fop. 
 Caflian 
 
 Cafimere P, and C. 
 Cafion 
 Cafphin 
 Cafpian Sea 
 Caflcna K. 
 Cafltmbazar 
 Calfubi K. 
 CaRromtna 
 
 Canruro Alexaodtinum 
 Catbalogan 
 Cathay P, 
 
 »4-33 
 
 Catiapely 
 Citryi Pop. 
 
 34 
 244 
 
 284 
 
 28 
 
 182 
 
 238 
 
 ay 
 
 28<S 
 
 '74 
 
 207 
 
 70 
 2j6 
 
 7« 
 98 
 It 
 
 3S 
 
 71 
 
 206 
 
 104 
 
 •<7 
 
 9 
 
 30 
 
 lc9 
 S8 
 
 Carata 
 
 .i ! 
 
The TABLE. 
 
 S30 
 "I 
 
 109 
 
 :4ypounio K. 
 
 «17 
 311 
 
 ibid, 
 azo 
 
 ?» 
 
 ibid. 
 
 II 
 
 115 
 11} 
 
 294 
 104 
 
 206 
 Iff 
 100 
 io« 
 146 
 117 
 i6 
 309 
 a. 9 
 207 
 
 321 
 
 John 
 
 3I£ 
 
 2» 
 
 30 
 310 
 
 H 
 
 «?? 
 
 47 
 
 II 
 
 288 
 100 
 
 lOJ 
 
 Iio 
 
 179 
 
 28j 
 
 17 
 30J 
 
 a»7 
 3i( 
 
 1.28 
 
 34 
 244 
 
 184 
 28 
 
 182 
 i\incr 288 
 »u) 37 
 
 a8<S 
 
 '74 
 
 407 
 
 ID 70 
 
 156 
 
 IC. ;3 
 
 2S 
 3$ 
 
 71 
 
 2o4 
 104 
 
 "7 
 idriauiD 30 
 
 109 
 
 t)it!f.A. 
 
 4«, 
 
 ^ 
 
 Cavad 
 
 Ciucafm M 
 CafiCe 
 Cjxanalca 
 Cayana 
 
 Caypoumo K. 
 Cedes 
 Celebci I. 
 
 City 
 
 Celef R. 
 Cento Foiii 
 Ccnnereth 
 Ccram 1. 
 
 Cciika 
 
 Ceuta 
 
 Ccylun \. 
 
 Chahol 
 
 Clul<an or Chamak 
 
 Chalccdon 
 
 CHALOiCA 
 
 Chile 
 
 Chanchru 
 
 Chaodifh P. 
 
 Change 
 
 Changte 
 
 Cbangxa 
 
 Chantcbon P. 
 
 Chaoheu 
 
 Chao-Hien 
 
 Qhaque R. 
 
 Charabcpa P. and C. 
 
 Charabon 
 
 loi Charcai 
 
 Charlei Town 
 
 Chafor 
 
 ChatigiD 
 
 Chativero 
 
 Chalzan 
 
 Chaul 
 
 Chaui P. 
 
 Chaxumo 
 
 Chekiam P. 
 
 Chetipore 
 
 Chiagare 
 
 Chiametlan P. 
 
 Chiampa K. and C. 
 
 Chiapa P. 
 
 . City 
 
 Chiapefei Pop. 
 Chicanga P. 
 Chioucheu 
 CHILI 
 
 Prop. P. 
 
 Chiloe I. 
 
 CHINA 
 
 Chinchem 
 
 Chiodittg 
 
 Chiagan 
 
 Chiogtu 
 
 Chiokiang 
 
 Chiongon 
 
 Chiquito 
 
 Chitor P. and C. 
 
 Chirazoul 
 
 Chiutaia 
 
 Chizico 
 
 Chocolococha 
 
 Chocoporo 
 
 Chokium 
 
 Chonat 
 
 St. Chriftophcit I. 
 
 St.Chrinoral 
 
 St. Chrillovaldc Lagnu 221 
 
 ehuchuyto 314 
 
 Cbunching 14$ 
 
 175 
 
 «9 
 iji 
 
 296 
 304 
 305 
 '«7 
 .-9 
 
 •'9 
 ibit. 
 
 I7V 
 171 
 
 2> 
 •3r 
 
 80 
 
 '74 
 
 12) 
 
 87 
 
 80 
 
 5 
 
 47 
 109 
 
 '45 
 10$ 
 
 '47 
 146 
 ibid. 
 "9 
 '47 
 '4$ 
 28j 
 
 4" 
 
 128 
 297 
 244 
 
 34 
 
 104 
 
 >>J 
 
 99 
 
 III 
 
 •74 
 199 
 
 •4* 
 
 101 
 
 9 
 255 
 laj 
 
 »6j 
 268 
 ibid. 
 'Z19 
 «4J 
 
 32J 
 
 324 
 328 
 1^6 
 
 MS 
 
 »4? 
 
 >45 
 146 
 
 '45 
 9 
 
 298 
 
 JOI 
 
 51 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 295 
 
 70 
 
 146 
 
 9 
 178 
 487 
 
 ChuD^ken 
 
 Chuniaai Vvp. 
 
 Cinilao P. 
 
 Ciochen 
 
 CinqvcD 
 
 Ciraogapatam 
 
 Cithebib 
 
 Ciudad de loi Reyes 
 
 Ciudad dos Reyes 
 
 Ciudad Real 
 
 Ciimbebai Pop. 
 Coaltot tiDiing 
 — Gold 
 
 ■ . Oraiu 
 
 o- 'Slaves 
 
 — — Cafies Gen. 
 
 ■ ..Prop. 
 Cochao or Keccio 
 Cocha I. 
 
 Cochin K, and C> 
 Cochiochina 
 
 C. 
 
 Cogni 
 
 Col de Mudijarez 
 
 COLCHiS 
 
 Collis|AchiIlz 
 
 Columba 
 
 Com 
 
 Comagre 
 
 Comani 
 
 Comaoi P. 
 
 COMANIA 
 
 Conioria Cape 
 
 Comota Fort 
 
 Comota^c P. 
 
 Conceicao 
 
 Conception 
 
 in Brafil 
 
 Coodapoly 
 CONGO 
 
 — — — Prop. 
 ConncAicut P. 
 Cooradiburgh K. 
 Conftintina P. and C. 
 Coracas Kort 
 Coram la 
 CorJS 
 Coraxcma 
 Cordocu 
 Corifca f. 
 Coro 
 
 Coromandcl P. 
 Corozaoi 
 Carle Cape 
 Corupa 
 Colla Rica P. 
 Cotate 
 Cotatis 
 Couco P. 
 
 M. and C. 
 
 Coulam K. and C. 
 
 Coulour 
 
 Cranginor K. and C. 
 
 Crultma 
 
 St. t^ruz I. 
 
 St. Cruz de la Sierra 
 
 CtefiphoD 
 
 Cuba I. 
 
 Cubagua I. 
 
 Cucuran P. 
 
 Cabulata 
 
 Culuacan P< 
 
 CumaniP.andGulph 
 
 CumbaTa I. 
 
 '4$ 
 
 Jad 
 
 254 
 '43 
 
 14^ 
 
 ««J 
 
 171 
 
 28j 
 
 29$ 
 Chiapa 
 268 
 218 
 11$ 
 208 
 ibid, 
 ibid. 
 iio 
 318 
 219 
 
 122 
 
 33o 
 109 
 
 132 
 
 123 
 
 II 
 
 «79 
 57 
 34 
 
 126 
 
 7« 
 
 »8j 
 
 lu 
 
 ao8 
 
 59 
 
 108 
 309 
 117 
 310 
 
 »7' 
 
 317 
 III 
 
 211 
 aij 
 239 
 
 ac8 
 180 
 385 
 80 
 ibid. 
 
 "9 
 
 318 
 
 312 
 
 aSj 
 
 "3 
 
 28 
 209 
 309 
 271 
 ie8 
 
 59 
 178 
 ibid. 
 ]o8 
 112 
 109 
 
 80 
 278 
 299 
 
 *' 
 a7S 
 a 80 
 109 
 293 
 254 
 a85 
 
 119 
 
 Cumberland I. 
 
 Cuocan K. 
 
 Cuodarera 
 
 CuniigelberbcnM. 
 
 Curazoa 
 
 CURDISrAN 
 
 Cuciga P. 
 
 Cufco 
 
 Cuyo or Chnchyto 
 
 Cyprus I. 
 
 Cyzicut 
 
 D. 
 
 DAbir 
 Dabul 
 
 Dacca 
 
 Oagheftan P. 
 
 Damant 
 
 DaniaoQ 
 
 Damarc 
 
 Damafrut 
 
 Dambea P, 
 
 Djiiiietta 
 Oamna 
 
 Damut v. and C. 
 Dan 
 
 DAN Tribe 
 Dancala 
 Daacation M. 
 Dankaleo 
 Darabegerd 
 Dardanus 
 Oaiha P. and C. 
 R. 
 
 andC. 
 
 Daiien 
 
 Davii'/ Straights 
 
 Dauphin's Fort 
 
 Dauria P. 
 
 Deafen 
 
 Dec I. 
 
 Decan K. 
 
 DedesM. 
 
 Defarzo 
 
 Delaca I. 
 
 DellyP. andC. 
 
 Dembea L. 
 
 Denmark New 
 
 Ocod M. 
 
 liepfaa 
 
 Dcrbcnt 
 
 Dcffeida I. 
 
 Dnalar or Tacfob 
 
 Diamond Mines 
 
 UIARBECK 
 
 Diarbcquir 
 
 Diboie 
 
 Diego Ramirez I. 
 
 Diemcos Land 
 
 Digligy Ncur 
 
 St. 6imitri 
 
 Oingifley 
 
 Dibhabath 
 
 Diol. andC. 
 
 Diofpolis 
 
 DiulK.andC. 
 
 Odch 
 
 Doltabat 
 
 St. Domingo 
 
 Dortiinica I. 
 
 Dongo P. and C. 
 
 Dora 
 
 El Dorado 
 
 Dothtim or Dothin 
 
 229 
 
 335 
 
 109 
 
 (13 
 
 • 75 
 280 
 
 Jl 
 
 109 
 
 Doulbore 
 Ducala P. 
 
 iii 
 
 4 
 
 4$: 
 
 397 T?An-Indi«s 
 334 JC, Kbal M. 
 
 12 Edefla 
 
 6 Edomor Adira 
 
 
 Edomites 
 
 
 tdrai 
 
 
 EGYPT 
 
 
 . Lower 
 
 
 . -Middle 
 
 36 
 
 Upper 
 
 no 
 
 Eitrac 
 
 104 
 
 Elabab or Heliobafs 
 
 $9 
 
 Elala 
 
 17 
 
 RItiefan 
 
 l<o 
 
 Elhir 
 
 43 
 
 Elcaiif 
 
 18 
 
 ElephaiKino 1. 
 
 Ip9 
 
 El-Kiuin 
 
 188 
 
 Klhamma 
 
 i8 
 
 Klk.ith 
 
 200 
 
 Eltcce 
 
 17 
 
 Elymaii 
 
 35 
 
 Emath 
 
 158 
 
 Emaus 
 
 '99 
 
 Emenbade 
 
 10} 
 
 Emouy 1. 
 
 76 
 
 End or 
 
 5 
 
 Endromit 
 
 195 
 
 Engiddi 
 
 192 
 
 Enganoim 
 
 248 
 
 England New 
 
 229 
 
 Enhadda 
 
 222 
 
 Ennon 
 
 82 
 
 Ephefus 
 
 '94 
 
 Kphra 
 
 200 
 
 EPHRAIM Tribe 
 
 109 
 
 Ephron 
 
 '71 
 
 Ephfa 
 
 '99 
 
 Erack-Agemi P. 
 
 203 
 
 Erac 
 
 97 
 
 Ercngabad 
 
 199 
 
 Erirao 
 
 •3i7 
 
 Eirir 
 
 2 CO 
 
 Erzcrum 
 
 199 
 
 Efchol 
 
 58 
 
 Efeboo 
 
 279 
 
 Etkeriff or GGerif 
 
 43 
 
 Eiki-Hifar 
 
 112 
 
 Eski'StambouI 
 
 I 4<5 
 
 Efpiritu Sanfto Cape 
 
 47 
 
 -— Town 
 
 3» 
 
 Erquimaux P. 
 EUab P. 
 
 335 
 
 ibid. 
 
 EITckebe R. 
 
 127 
 
 Efterabad P. 
 
 7 
 
 Elleco or Talireri 
 
 9 
 
 Edeiro 
 
 3« 
 
 Edotiland ai; 
 
 lot 
 
 Eftuca Ter. 
 
 30 
 
 Etechcmins Pop. 
 
 99 
 
 Los Evangelinoi L 
 
 3» 
 
 Euphrates R. 
 
 105 
 
 St. Euflace I. 
 
 ^75 
 
 Euxinc Sei 
 
 179 
 
 . 
 
 ai$ 
 
 
 30 
 
 
 'W 
 
 
 8» 
 3° 
 47 
 32 
 
 ;i 
 
 173 
 
 ibid. 
 18B 
 
 1(0 
 
 171 
 
 104 
 
 36 
 
 ai 
 
 44 
 
 ICO 
 
 Jt9o 
 184 
 
 V 
 
 •f4 
 
 98 
 
 •47 
 39 
 
 7 
 
 29 
 
 138 
 
 29 
 
 'I 
 
 ibid. 
 
 38 
 
 29 
 
 70 
 
 77 
 111 
 
 $1 
 >7S 
 
 52 
 
 35 
 
 32 
 70 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 313 
 
 ibid. 
 
 S33 
 184 
 30$ 
 77 
 318 
 309 
 
 334 
 I9S 
 
 285 
 328 
 
 4> 
 
 378 
 
 if 
 
iv 
 
 The TABLE 
 
 FAgo I. Ill 
 
 Famiguna i ) 
 
 Finigortj 10 
 
 fntya P. 309 
 
 FarciU R. 19} 
 
 Fliilhocni f. 118 
 
 FarfilUD P. 73 
 
 Fafcilo P. jod C »oo 
 
 Fitci^ar P. ibid. 
 
 I-It-Vjlley ■■•! 
 St. Ke 2 1 7. J ' 9 
 
 ..— de BogoU ^87 
 — — de AoCiochia 288 
 
 Felimba %% 
 Kcrjbiut or Ftrihbit 70 
 
 Fcrbjd 77 
 
 Kcrcf M. aeo 
 Fcrnind de Neronlu I. 337 
 
 Fcrnaodez !• jaS 
 
 FerD4Ddo Po. I. aai 
 
 Ferro I, aao 
 Fettipore « 97 
 
 Fettyabad 98 
 
 Feiu P. 2u8 
 
 Feuxue I. 144 
 
 FEZ t7a 
 
 FezzenTcr. 193 
 
 Fida P. a 10 
 
 Fionda 1 1 
 
 FiDiiog-Coin 1 1 $ 
 
 Fium 190 
 
 Fixtdle 171 
 
 Floret I. f 129 
 
 Florid* 847 
 FochCD -, 147 
 
 Foggii 7 
 
 Fogorn 199 
 
 Fokien P. 147 
 
 FoDi i^thiopfi )5 
 Foibidiei'i Straights 229 
 
 Formofa I. 147 
 
 FormoroB. I'l 
 
 Fort William 104 
 St. Francerco de Marinha 
 309 
 
 de Quito 393 
 de Vitioria 297 
 
 Frootioiac 234 
 
 Fverteventura an 
 
 FuDcheu >44 
 
 FuDgiaog ibid. 
 
 Funniog 141 
 Fuoa , i88 
 
 •alilec 
 Oamala 
 Gamararii 
 CanibiaoeC 
 Gamma 
 
 Gancta de Jcfui 
 Gaogara K. and O4 
 Gangea 
 Gaa^liDg 
 Gam 
 Caokiog 
 Ganxgua 
 Gaoga K. 
 Garazu 
 Garbia P. 
 Garde 
 Gated 
 Oiret P. 
 GarioD M. 
 Garfit 
 Garzopa K 
 Gafera 
 Gith 
 G'ulon 
 Gaza 
 Gazer 
 Geaocheu 
 Gehud 
 Gcio 
 
 Geaehoa R. 
 Generar Ter, 
 St. George Fort 
 de 
 
 I 
 
 GAbaa 
 Gabnii 
 Gabbathon 
 Gabeon 
 GAD Tribe 
 Gademez Ter. 
 Gago R. and C. 
 Gaibem R. 
 QalaadorGilead 
 .Mount 
 
 17.27 
 3$ 
 32 
 
 3« 
 
 >94 
 
 3o6i 
 
 2ia 
 
 38 
 
 34 
 Galas Pop. i«o 
 
 Gilgal 30 
 
 Galgala 31 
 
 Gtle 01 PoaU ^Calle 
 
 latf 
 
 . andC 
 
 23 
 
 a 
 a' 
 3tf 
 
 199 
 J JO 
 
 • 99 
 105 
 £8 
 1 46 
 111 
 
 M» 
 
 I4d 
 
 '91 
 311 
 184 
 ai9 
 i7« 
 17$ 
 184 
 
 17$ 
 
 ■ 10 
 
 30 
 
 i* 
 
 28 
 
 »4 
 30 
 
 «4J 
 
 ioi 
 
 34 
 
 207 
 18 
 
 114 
 ia Mina P. 
 
 3o3 
 
 GKORGIA 
 
 Cerar or Qergeia 
 
 Gerazim M, 
 
 Oerbei I. 
 
 Gergcfhites 
 
 Germian P. 
 
 Gerfon 
 
 GflTur 
 
 Gethremmon 
 
 GetfamaDC 
 
 Gezir or Gexira 
 
 Gcznia 
 
 Ghir 
 
 5» 
 
 33 
 
 30 
 
 184 
 
 14 
 
 9 
 
 38 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 30, 31. 34 
 
 33 
 
 48 
 
 172 
 
 192 
 
 Cibbethon or GabbnthoD 35 
 
 Gibead or Oabaa 3a 
 
 Gibeoo or Gabeon ibid. 
 
 Gigeri P. aod C. 180 
 
 Gilal P. and G. £9. 70 
 
 Gilboa M. 29 
 
 Gi!ead 28 
 
 Lan<! 31 
 
 — -Jabeft 28 
 
 Ramoth it 
 
 Gilgal or Galgala 3a 
 
 Gilolol. 131 
 
 Cinana 304 
 
 Gingi P. and C. 1 14 
 
 GingiroK. a 17 
 
 Ginopoli '10 
 
 Gion or Gihon M. 33 
 
 GiraflamorH 179 
 
 Gtfcala 37 
 
 Goa It' i|0 
 
 Goga ^ IOI 
 
 Gokonda K. 11 1 
 
 Foit iia 
 
 Gold-Coafi ao8 
 
 Goletta P. and C. 1I2 
 
 Gombroo 7) 
 
 Gomera 17s 
 
 I. aai 
 
 Gonzalci Cape aia 
 
 Conxalo de Hat 
 Good Hope cape 
 Got P. 
 Qorgona 
 
 Qorno or Quotoo 
 
 Gort 
 
 Gory 
 
 Gowra 
 
 GoyameR. 
 
 Goyana 
 
 Goz 
 
 Gozen 
 
 Graio-Coaft or 
 
 Granada New P, 
 
 GranCanaria 
 Grand Cairo 
 Griga I. 
 Groenland 
 Gferiff- 
 Guadalajara 
 
 --.y— Prop. 
 Guadlaupa I. 
 Guadareri 
 Cuadel 
 Guaden Ter. 
 Guadiborba R. 
 Guagam I. 
 Guagida 
 
 Gualata P. and C. 
 Gualeor P. and C. 
 Guam I. 
 
 Guamachnco Valley 
 Guamanga 
 Guanabani I. 
 Guancavelica-Mines 
 Guargala Ter. 
 G uatiroala GoTcrnment 
 
 Guava Ter. 
 Guaxaca Prov. and 
 
 Guayra P. 
 Guber R. 
 Gueldria Fort 
 Guevetlan 
 GuiamHres Pep. 
 GUINEA 
 
 III 
 
 ai9 
 103 
 
 199 
 
 121 
 JI 
 
 S« 
 
 104 
 
 loo 
 310 
 170 
 
 . 3* 
 Nalagata 
 
 108 
 
 287 
 
 i8o 
 
 ail 
 
 188 
 
 "35 
 
 119. 334 
 70 
 
 Culigien I. 
 Gumanapi 
 Gurchito 
 Guria F. 
 Gurial P. 
 Guthcfizar 
 Guzula or 
 Cazurat P. 
 
 131 
 
 Gezula 
 
 1J4 
 255 
 
 J 79 
 112 
 
 7tf 
 194 
 175 
 >3J 
 177 
 207 
 
 102 
 
 »3S 
 39^ 
 ibid. 
 
 374 
 297 
 
 194 
 267 
 26^ 
 ibid. 
 
 Valf. 
 afia 
 
 319 
 
 206 
 
 268 
 311 
 208 
 109 
 '3«J 
 
 ibid! 
 
 102 
 
 $7 
 
 58 
 
 9 
 
 t^^ 
 
 S9 
 
 Main el Chain 1/4 
 
 Hainan I. 14^ 
 Hainlifivor Air dGinuni 
 
 •7J 
 
 Haliarnafliu 8 
 
 Hamidaa 71 
 
 HacT/ath 34. 37 
 
 Haincheu lay 
 
 Hammaraeth 183 
 
 Hamoo 37 
 
 Hamfe 1 1 
 
 Hangchn 14^ 
 
 Han;ang ibid. 
 Harefgold P. and C 17B 
 
 Hailware loj 
 
 Harma or Hormt ^S 
 
 Harofcth 17 
 
 Hirpel 51 
 
 Hafcora P. lyi 
 
 Haror 37. 34 
 
 HalTera io( 
 
 Harana Z'ji 
 
 Hanchung 144 
 
 Hayamaa 43 
 
 Hayr 195 
 
 Hea Pr. 170 
 
 Hcber Tent af 
 
 Hebron ijj 34 
 St. Helena ?. 124, 222. 
 Heliabari or Praya 104 
 
 Helon JO. 
 
 Hemfa n 
 
 Henan 123 
 
 Herat in Arab. ^2 
 
 — or Kitt IB 
 
 Perfia 77 
 
 Hermits I, 33^ 
 
 Heflibon 32 
 
 Heritet 24 
 
 Hicncheu 14^ 
 
 Hierro I. 320 
 
 Hilanooflei Pop. 134 
 
 HimilTa A. 19^ 
 
 Hicidowns P. and C. 99 
 
 Hinete 14A 
 
 Hingang ibid. 
 Hinnom Vail. 
 Hippos 
 Hilara Etk: 
 
 HAbat P. 174 
 
 Haced-Hebra R. 176 
 Hacoc 37 
 
 Hadagia 17) 
 
 fiadeqaii 170 
 
 ftadcdi M. ibid. 
 
 Hacn 36 
 
 Hai 32 
 
 Hdkiw V Nomgikaw 
 98 
 
 II 
 
 -Sikaa 
 
 Hittites 
 Hoeipore 
 Hokiea 
 Holon 
 Hojang 
 Homgikau 
 Honan P. 
 Honang 
 Honduras P. 
 Horeb M. 
 Horn I. 
 Hotentois Pop. 
 Howafch A. 
 Hoycheu. 
 Huao M. 
 Hnangches 
 Hubet 
 
 HudfoD'i Straight aod Bay 
 22^ 
 Haed el quiber R. 177 
 
 Huguely or Ouguely 104 
 Huillons Pop. 325 
 
 Humaubar P. and G. 1 78 
 HungKhing 14^ 
 
 Huquam P. 14^ 
 
 Huroni Lake a|o 
 
 P. 
 
 ilnd. 
 
 »4 
 »»* 
 M? 
 
 34 
 144 
 
 98 
 
 ibid. 
 270 
 4» 
 33$ 
 aiy 
 20$ 
 146 
 
 n9 
 
 144 
 
146 
 
 Air ciCioum 
 t * 8 
 
 »4«a7 
 
 183 
 
 a? 
 II 
 
 144 
 
 ibid. 
 
 DdC 178 
 
 109 
 
 irmt j< 
 
 a? 
 
 5f 
 
 •71 
 
 87.34 
 lot 
 
 »7« 
 144 
 
 4» 
 196 
 170 
 af 
 »4 
 
 3X2. 
 104 
 
 V 
 It 
 
 HyrciDun) C 
 
 0/ ASIA, AFRICA and AMfeRICA. 
 
 114. 
 
 ■lat 
 
 IS 
 77 
 
 93» 
 3S 
 »4 
 
 146 
 
 320 
 
 »J4 
 »S»l 
 
 99 
 144 
 
 a8 
 
 ibid. 
 
 U 
 »o» 
 
 '4? 
 
 34 
 144 
 
 98 
 
 ■44 
 
 270 
 
 4» 
 
 33$ 
 
 319 
 20$ 
 146 
 '79 
 
 14^ 
 
 Bay 
 
 23^ 
 
 •7T 
 
 104 
 
 3»* 
 178 
 '4< 
 I4» 
 a|o 
 P. 
 
 t. 
 
 fAbcAi-GilMd 
 
 TwKcm 
 
 J«ob-. Well • 
 IiITj 
 
 ijffnjpi'iiin 
 
 1. Jigo I. 
 
 .. ■ .awcf 
 
 — — deCabi 
 
 ._— dc Chili 
 
 del Kiteco 
 
 ^ »■ -de Quiyjquil 
 
 .1 de Leon 
 
 ■' -de loi 
 
 134 
 
 30 
 
 38 
 SOI 
 110 
 
 30 
 
 31 
 13$ 
 
 104 
 31 
 
 393 
 
 «75 
 
 v>t 
 
 393 
 285 
 
 tih 
 
 if 
 
 ihor H8, lif 
 
 jhun 60 
 
 llefoBfo de lot Zopotecn 
 
 ll^ikoy 
 IIHcot C. 
 Illiaoii Lilie 
 InMTis I. 
 IMKRITIA 
 ImperiaJ de ehifi 
 
 81 
 JI2 
 
 »34 
 
 57. j» 
 
 3»4 
 
 igo 
 ahfc 
 
 -delotVilIci 
 ;os Pop. 
 for or Jazer 
 ilac 
 
 alirdiian M. 
 lallainilca 
 [ alore Pop. 
 ' amaica I. 
 ' amba P. and C. 
 ambe K> and C. 
 amci R. 
 
 Jaraoia 
 joeiro R. 
 
 Town 
 [ aDgcheu 
 iDgjan 
 . logimg 
 angoma K. 
 ; APON 
 aqucDctte 
 ; tfa 
 ' i(quei 
 ' afliCeD 
 ° ava !• 
 
 ', "*' 
 ' coaiuffl 
 
 Idaofquerit Tcr. 
 
 IDUMiCA 
 
 Jeblao 
 
 ebufitu 
 
 ecfe 
 
 cdiiD^h 
 ' econam 
 ' elianabad 
 
 ehofaplMt Valley 
 
 elcauat 
 ' ekutikoi 
 " eloiire 
 
 emnian or Hayaman 
 
 eneziikoy 
 Jenping 
 
 eaupar P. and C. 
 
 eremotli 
 
 ericho 
 ■ ERSEY New 
 
 erufalem 3i 
 
 elielniere P. and C. 
 
 MontaDCi 
 394 
 
 ESSO-LAND 
 effualP. 
 ' etiier 
 ethloD 
 ellrael 
 »_— valley 
 
 Ifran Ter. 
 
 14* 
 
 29$ 
 217 
 
 3< 
 
 198 
 
 ft 
 
 lo2 
 207 
 37« 
 102 
 
 r2B 
 843 
 
 3J 
 
 3i3 
 
 ibid. 
 
 >4< 
 
 146 
 
 • 17 
 150 
 101 
 3» 
 76 
 194 
 128 
 
 31 
 II 
 
 "95 
 
 iJ-3« 
 
 30 
 
 »4 
 
 >44 
 
 3« 
 
 39 
 
 103 
 
 33 
 
 103 
 
 8* 
 
 103 
 
 4* 
 
 81 
 
 M7 
 
 97 
 
 34 
 
 33 
 
 24* 
 
 33 
 
 99 
 
 835 
 
 103 
 
 34 
 33 
 
 a9'34 
 
 3J 
 19$ 
 
 India extra Gang m 11 ) 
 — '-— iotra UiDgem 
 107 
 INDIES Eafi 8) 
 
 INDOSTAN 89 
 
 lodrapoura uf 
 
 Infuma tort 3oJ 
 
 Inhamttane P. aig 
 
 lohamior ibid, 
 
 ocape II 
 
 ocheu 146 
 
 ockheel 42 
 
 oganat 99 
 
 t. John li i )5 
 
 —— Cape iDd Bay 21^ 
 opha 18 
 
 oppa 11. 3» 
 
 /or or ]ihor 118, 119 
 
 \ ordao R. 
 
 ] ototapa 
 
 : ro^uois Pop. 
 
 Irvan orKrivan 
 
 iragodat 
 
 Idcaoa 
 
 Iflei of Cape Verde 
 
 of Salt 
 
 —of Spice 
 
 ine or loril 
 
 Ifmia 
 
 irmigimid 
 
 Koiir 
 
 Ifwich 
 
 ir^ihan 
 
 ISSACHARTiibe 
 
 Itamariko C. 
 1. 
 
 lupua 
 
 Itita Ter. 
 
 Hay 
 
 Joan Fernandez I. 
 
 St. Juan I. 
 
 II 
 *35 
 
 >7I 
 ■ I 
 
 331 
 
 ibid. 
 129 
 
 •77 
 
 ' 6 
 
 ibid. 
 
 7 
 
 6 
 
 71 
 
 9 
 
 310 
 ibid. 
 V9 
 •95 
 97 
 Jl8 
 
 "35 
 ■ de la FroDtcra 
 29^. 324 
 — •— de la Vittoria 296 
 
 deUlra i6i 
 
 JUDAEA ai. 3} 
 
 Ancient 
 -^— Modero 
 Prop. 
 
 UOAH Tribe 
 ukel-liadra M. 
 alias 
 unrheu 
 uogiaog 
 uDging 
 iTOfy-Coafl 
 
 K. 
 
 KAbania 
 Radefli-Barnea 
 NaphUli 
 Kiel. 
 Kaihoa 
 Kakirci P. 
 
 33 
 
 21 
 3» 
 
 33 
 
 17' 
 
 28 
 
 •43 
 
 146 
 
 • 43 
 
 209 
 
 82 
 
 4» 
 
 17 
 
 •3« 
 
 146 
 
 103 
 
 Kandiffi P. 
 
 RAiduaiu 
 
 Kapibiri R. 
 
 Karakancaka 
 
 Kan 
 
 Kcdar 
 
 ——Tent* 
 Kedemoth 
 Keila or Ceila 
 Kelnninie I. 
 Kherman P. and t- 
 Khocmus P. 
 Kfakiog 
 KlamniD 
 Ktimii P. 
 Rincheu 
 Kingcheu 
 EiDghoa 
 KIngKoa 
 Kiogi I. 
 Kirfath Arba 
 — — Jeirim 
 
 Sepher 
 
 Kirio 
 KiHOcheu 
 Komor Core 
 KoDOi Pop. 
 Korkora 
 Kufa 
 
 LAbech R. 
 Labet P. 
 Ubfa 
 
 Lacootai P. 
 Lidock R. 
 LAORUNES Idel 
 
 ii .. .MProp. 
 Lady of Loretto 
 Ughi 
 Laguna 
 
 Lahor P. and C. 
 Lajazzo 
 Lalcheu 
 Laiping 
 Lake M. 
 Liibaifflon M. 
 LamoM 
 Lamo 
 Landa 
 Laogo I. 
 Laozarote 
 Laodicea 
 Laongo R. 
 Laoi Pop. 
 Lar P. and C. 
 Larache 
 Laraza I. 
 Largary R. 
 Lafi or Laflia 
 LalTich or Labfa 
 Latidiea 
 St. Lawrence I. 
 Leaotum P. 
 Leatnm or Xioyam 
 Lehi or Ramoth Lehi 
 Leroba P. and C 
 Lempta or Ygudi 
 Leon de Nicaragua 
 
 •r-^de G'uanuco 
 Lerio 
 Uro I. 
 Labo* 
 
 Leydlaamheid F. 
 Leyte I. 
 
 C c e c 
 
 105 
 
 '3 
 J" 
 103 
 
 3J 
 
 ■J'' 
 ibid. 
 
 a 
 34 
 
 75 
 
 76 
 
 77 
 
 •45 
 
 '14 
 
 IbiY. 
 ibid. 
 •47 
 , '45 
 3j$ 
 
 ib^dt 
 
 3« 
 Si 
 
 •45 
 
 71 
 
 8a 
 200 
 
 51 
 
 los Lhinot de Cireri 
 
 Libanm 
 
 Libna 
 
 Lleofia 
 
 Lidda 
 
 Ligor P. and C. 
 
 Lima I'. 
 
 Vail, and C 
 
 Limgaog 
 
 Liitipo 
 
 Lingcheu 
 
 Liokimg 
 
 Livi ai 
 
 Lcmboc I. 
 
 Londrei 
 
 Loulfiana 
 
 Lourebandet 
 
 LoMvu 
 
 Loxi 
 
 Loyola 
 
 Lub^n I. 
 
 Lucayo I. 
 
 Luclieu 
 
 St. Lucia I. 
 
 Luconia I. 
 
 Luco A. 
 
 Luixio 
 
 Lutay I. 
 
 Lymcfco 
 
 Lycia 
 
 r 
 
 aSif 
 
 li 
 
 »J 
 
 §0 
 119 
 394 
 
 39> 
 »4« 
 
 '♦] 
 
 I4< 
 
 •4* 
 
 91 
 
 ii> 
 
 5*9 
 ri9 
 293 
 •94 
 •31 
 274 
 •45 
 
 331. >79 
 133' 
 •44 
 
 • ttii-f; 
 
 133 
 
 13 
 
 II 
 
 »34i 
 
 »93 
 
 •7» 
 
 llJ 
 
 •77 
 
 iJ.V. 
 
 $21 
 
 97 
 II 
 
 •43 
 
 145 
 
 300 
 334 
 130 
 204 
 129 
 
 la 
 *ai 
 
 9 
 
 212 
 
 "7 
 74 
 
 •74 
 7$ 
 
 • '7 
 32 
 
 44 
 •7 
 
 322 
 
 148 
 81 
 
 3$ 
 
 313 
 
 •97 
 
 *7o 
 
 396 
 
 10 
 
 • 3 
 
 ibid. 
 209 
 
 133 
 
 M. 
 
 MAcao f. 
 Mjcalfer 
 Miceda or Mckkeda 
 Maceilata P. and T. 
 Macao I. 
 Machali 
 Machcrei 
 Micherui 
 Machim (. 
 Machipore Tcr. 
 Ma.:hin)i 
 Machoi I. 
 Micoco 
 Madagafcar 1. 
 Madera I. 
 
 Midianitci m Arabia 
 Madrafpaiain 
 Midre de Uioi F. 
 Madura P. and C. 
 Magadoxa K. 
 MagaraTc M. 
 Magdadcl 
 Magdakn R. 
 Magdalim 
 Mageddo Field 
 MACKLLANICA 
 Magellaoick Straight 
 Mageth 
 Magiddo 
 Magram M. 
 Mahanaim 
 Mahu 
 Majima 
 Makcrao Pr. 
 Makian 
 Malabar 
 Malacca 
 Malaguetta P. 
 Malanba K. 
 Malda 
 
 MALDIVE ia<i 
 Malta I. 
 Malriy P^ 
 
 147 
 lip 
 
 34 
 1 84 
 
 38 
 
 i»4 
 3t 
 
 131 
 
 30 ) 
 
 •IS 
 
 aitf 
 
 323 
 32o 
 
 3» 
 
 "4 
 
 328 
 
 •IS 
 
 203 
 
 '79. 
 
 3t 
 
 2if 
 
 28 
 
 29 
 
 US 
 
 •bid. 
 
 3« 
 
 i<* 
 
 »7I 
 31 
 
 »4« 
 
 is 
 
 14 
 
 4x 
 
 •08 
 
 ia» 
 
 208 
 ai& 
 10^ 
 137 
 
 a2|[ 
 
 lOt 
 
 Mam} 
 
VI 
 
 Mamipatini io$ 
 M>nirc PUia aad Otk 34 
 
 Hiii iz 
 
 Manier I. latf 
 
 ManirK. nr 
 MANASSKH Tfibe a.j. 29 
 
 MiDcheipitan iiz 
 
 Miodiogx K. 307 
 
 Miifldo 101 
 
 MindriDclK. 117 
 Mwilht > 1)1 
 
 Maoa 34 
 
 Muracaibo Like *Sd 
 
 M*r<cipiD« ibidk 
 
 Mirmpi 317 
 
 MiriDhao Cap. aof 
 
 ' Iflc and Town ibidv 
 
 Kari;aritjl. 280 
 
 S(. MarU I. 938 
 
 —del ..gofto 317 
 Mtrian I. or UdroDCS i;$ 
 
 MirigalJoU I. 279 
 
 Marmora I. tf 
 Marofch 1 11 
 
 Marfa liii 
 
 MarM K. 109 
 
 Martaban K. aad C. 116 
 
 Sr. Martha R. aSt 
 
 Sr. Martin I. «78 
 
 Martin Vaz. I. 327 
 
 Martiriico I. ' 279 
 
 Mary-Laod 242 
 
 Mi»ate r. 133 
 
 Mifciloth iy 
 
 Mtichatc 44 
 
 Mifchidi 77 
 
 m^ 3( 
 
 >— iTer. 27 
 
 Mafphiia $2 
 
 Maflachufet P. 138 
 
 MatVada 34 
 
 Mairayafan P. 270 
 
 MatTce loj 
 
 MafagaraM. 17* 
 
 MatamaDH. a<f 
 
 Mataran ''' 
 Matfulipatan 
 St. Mitthnv 
 Miugerol 
 Maurices Town 
 
 Tt« TABIiB: 
 
 r 
 
 (\ 
 
 Me!IUa 
 
 Mcmabo K. 
 
 Memphis 
 
 Mcndnza 
 
 MENGRELIA 
 
 Menoufia P. 
 
 Meatcfele P. 
 
 Mephit 
 
 Mequeb Huan 
 
 M^qucitia 
 
 Merceraca I. 
 
 Merdio 
 
 MexgteD 
 
 Merida 
 
 Mcfa or Tezar 
 
 MESOPOTAMIA 
 
 Meifa 
 
 Meflar 
 
 Mcfiinpi B. 
 
 Kictcleno I. 
 
 Mtvat P. 
 
 MEXICO 
 
 I. 
 
 in 
 
 I. 
 
 MlutitJui 
 
 M»70 1. 
 
 Mayuivibt P. ud C. 
 
 "Mnagatn 
 
 Mtzagoao 
 
 Matil^uirir 
 
 Mazaudcran P. and Z. 
 
 Maiui I. 
 Mm la 
 
 M«cc« P. and C. 
 Meriic'caa f, 
 Mcdaba 
 Mtdina 
 
 Medra K. and C 
 Medua or Mua 
 Metile 
 Msgtta M. 
 
 MfRgW 
 
 Mche«ia P. 
 Mtkktda 
 Mdujwf 
 MdiM< K- <nd C 
 ■ Meitt p. iirtl C 
 
 22* 
 
 101 
 
 Brazil 
 311 
 
 MZ$ 
 
 331 
 
 I3,IIJ 
 
 I7« 
 
 ' »79 
 ibid. 
 
 69, 
 70 
 
 a 02 
 P9 
 4» 
 
 «59 
 3Z 
 
 43 
 111 
 178 
 tto 
 «7<5 
 «75 
 
 34 
 >I4 
 ao4 
 207 
 
 558, 
 
 ; JT8 
 
 NpntQirini 
 MoDtfente I. 
 
 . If 
 
 M 39 
 
 . I7J 
 
 .n.^4!l 
 
 a 
 
 ■ »,7J> 
 
 I34»a3a 
 
 Ma 
 
 -aj3 
 Gav(riunect.i;7 
 
 City ibid,! 
 
 P.andC. 25f^»*'o 
 
 — — -New 
 Mezran P. 
 Mcziioa 
 Mnzab T-cr. 
 Miatnis (■'. 
 Miatbir M. 
 Miathir or Cento 
 
 St. Mifti, < 
 
 Micliael d. Poyuki 
 MicUi.' or Mifilc 
 Midianitcj 
 Mifj'wie 
 
 St. Miguel 
 
 ■ do Piuri. 
 
 »»— — de Ribcra 
 Miictui 
 
 Mili^na P. and C. 
 Mini R. 
 Mindanao I. 
 
 —-. City 
 Mindoro I. 
 Minio 
 Miratlorec 
 Miiom'.io K. 
 Mlzp«h or Mafphiia 
 Mizpctl) 
 MoaSutes 
 Moaoto K. 
 Mocho P. and C. 
 Mocbo t. 
 Modin 
 Modra K. 
 Mogador 
 MOaOLISTAN 
 MOLUCCA Iflcs 
 Momua 
 Monafierio 
 Monbaz* K. indl C 
 Mon'ncka 
 Nondoue 
 Mangale K. 
 MRDgalioo Pop. 
 ttloagoapa R. 
 Mongui 
 Monica MiM« 
 MoBoemugi 
 MONOMOTAPA 
 
 t»S, 
 178 
 
 194' 
 134 
 174 
 Pozzi 
 i7r 
 ■31* 
 
 IRS 
 
 24. -tl 
 
 J 103 
 
 187.-3.18 
 
 293 
 
 8 
 
 178 
 
 «34 
 ibid. 
 i}3 
 l»o 
 
 »H 
 
 aog 
 
 »» 
 8( 
 
 "7 
 43»4* 
 
 •J98 
 
 31 
 
 I7b 
 
 89 
 
 130 
 
 ab4 
 Jir 
 
 10$ 
 
 los 
 8» 
 
 3to 
 8» 
 *ao 
 liiS 
 ibid. 
 
 »7 
 
 •r? 
 
 170 
 105 
 
 Moftagan P. and C. 
 Notirl. 
 Mtiuleu 
 
 ,lbunt of the Moon ai? 
 
 ——Sun lyi 
 
 Monrdlet Pop. 117 
 
 Soti(i4 /> 43 
 
 ozjiRibique P. ind C 304 
 
 Mudcjarei 180 
 
 MuiacoK. ailS 
 
 MuliaoP.indC. ,9B 
 
 Munia 190 
 
 Muterta P. and C 1 109 
 
 Myndui 8 
 
 Myri II 
 
 N 
 
 ■ Prop, ai7,tift 
 City klg 
 
 N, 
 
 Abis 181 
 
 Natfothi Vinayatd .39 
 .«» 
 4 
 lt>Z 
 
 19 
 
 3» 
 
 »** 
 
 144 
 
 ibid,. 
 
 144 
 
 102 
 
 MS 
 
 *f 
 
 ai.-jo 
 
 aqo 
 
 3fl 
 
 1*3 
 
 loa 
 
 309 
 
 18, 
 
 .♦ 
 
 30 
 
 aoo. 
 
 31 
 
 31 
 
 . Uli 
 
 -l8o 
 
 103, 
 
 ..1^8 
 
 •J4 
 
 3C9 
 
 305 
 
 i»4 
 1 2d 
 
 35 
 12^ 
 ia9 
 
 317 
 
 8a 
 
 8 
 
 a8d 
 
 IM 
 
 229.3}$ 
 
 Nacklivaa 
 
 N^dala 
 
 N^dor 
 
 Nain 
 
 Najoth 
 
 Nam Cipe 
 
 Namldo 
 
 NaJDchaog 
 
 Nangaag 
 
 NUo^^kiaflg 
 
 Naag,:ing P. 
 
 Naneraaiul P. and C. 
 
 Mwuang 
 
 NAPHTHALI Tribe 
 
 'Naplofa 
 
 Narea P. 
 
 Narblata 
 
 NatfiDgi 
 
 Narvar P. 
 
 Naflan F- 
 
 Na(« ' 
 
 Natolia 
 
 Nari^ur 
 
 Nazareth 
 
 Neapolii Jud. 
 
 Ncbvffa 
 
 Nebo 
 
 " . 1 Mount. 
 Ncbol or NfiUs. 
 Necaur 
 Nccbal 
 Ned HoRM. 
 Nefiirui M. , 
 Ncgapatim 
 Negro A. 
 NCGROLAND 
 Negroi I. 
 Negsmbo 
 Nebol Efcbol 
 Nellismby-neur 
 Nera I. 
 Neronha h 
 Nenimkoi 
 KeTi 
 Nevii I. 
 New Aodaiufia P. 
 
 »~.Bircay P. 
 .Britain 
 
 New Guinea 
 .^-Holland 
 — — jerfey 
 ——Mexico 
 ■ — North Waioi 
 - — Orange Port 
 «— Jlegofi*. 
 -—Spain 
 »— 'Valencia 
 .—Wale* ■ 
 — Xerei 
 
 Yc.k 
 
 ■ Zealand 
 
 Newfoundland 
 
 Nicaragua P. aal L. 
 
 Nieiria I. 
 
 St.Nicholail.. 
 
 Nichor 
 
 Nicopolii 
 
 Nicolia 
 
 Nicoya 
 
 Nienchen 
 
 Ciiicnclieu 
 
 Nieucheu P. 
 
 Nie»ij I. 1 , 
 
 Nile a. 
 
 Nimpo 
 
 NiBchi 
 
 Nincritia 
 
 Nineveh 
 
 NIoing 
 
 Nilibii or Nta.'ia 
 
 MuKian P. 
 
 Ncib or Nobe 
 Sombre de Oioa 
 
 Nova GitiDca.. ' 
 
 Nova Zembla 
 
 NU3IA 
 — C. 
 
 Nudnea 
 
 131 
 
 53S 
 
 34a 
 2;a 
 
 33J 
 
 1 09 
 
 16 
 
 I 
 
 429 
 
 389 
 340 
 
 33 S 
 
 *79 
 370 
 
 12 
 
 aai 
 
 6 
 34 
 '3 
 
 171 
 
 ibid. 
 81 
 
 87* 
 
 if-o. a 14 
 
 ^\ 
 81 
 
 i4 
 »44 
 
 ♦« 
 
 8( 
 
 3» 
 
 33$ 
 33T 
 
 197 
 
 i9r 
 
 ,104; 
 
 i}i 
 
 Neuftra Jcnora de Carnllerfa' 
 
 38^' 
 
 ' de ConceJrao 
 
 • de la Pe 
 
 «— -de Loretto 
 
 das Ncvea 
 
 deiaPaz. 
 
 Nutva Xcres 
 Nua Terr. ; ■. 
 
 310 
 
 i'1 
 920 
 310 
 
 a8tf.298 
 2S6 
 
 -Denmark 
 -England 
 ..Granada 
 
 a»9. 13 J 
 P. I8y 
 
 ODalla 
 OkJia or Siam 
 Olenai Pop. 
 OliretM. 
 Onioa! or Anioul 
 OaorK. andC. 
 Ootaria Lake 
 Oran P. and & 
 Orcllana B. 
 Ort a or Orplia 
 Or^abra J ;,!. 
 Orma P. and C 
 
 OUDUI I. 
 
 OronMnte 
 
 Oronna 
 
 Oronoco Ri 
 
 Oroixfa 
 
 Oforno 
 
 Oiiden 
 
 Ougueli 
 
 OaJcflcr Government 
 
 Ourta or Ourche 
 
 119 
 8a 
 
 33 
 
 70 
 
 334. 
 179: 
 303 
 
 3o»| 
 
 »8» 
 
 ■•Sill 
 M« 
 
 lOfti 
 
 104, 
 
 «bi<». 
 
 70 
 
0/ ASIA, AFRICA/*/*/ AMERICA. '^t 
 
 in 
 
 IOft< 
 
 104, 
 70 
 
 V, 
 
 PAcamoris ?. 
 Pochaania ViU. 
 Picho 
 PaCliDg ' 
 Pahtrchii 
 Pklefecepfii 
 Pallior 
 Ptiicite 
 
 Pallmbja K. and C. 
 Pifm* 
 
 Pinnofa I. 
 
 Palmyra 
 
 p«lormi 
 
 Vtht 
 
 piu 
 
 PatlaDC 
 
 Paoay !• 
 
 Paneai 
 
 Paugo P. and C. 
 
 paouco P> and C 
 
 Paodiot; 
 
 faokicg 
 
 paomiog 
 
 Paphoi 
 
 pan Cap. 
 
 , -Fort 
 
 pJMgua I. 
 PARAGUAY 
 
 Prop. P. 
 
 — — R. 
 Parana P. 
 
 R. 
 
 Patinapa R. 
 Parangaie 
 Parayba Olf^ 
 
 Paria P. 
 
 — -Uke 
 pattafpia C. 
 palcaDna^'o VaU. 
 Pafe 
 Pifir 
 Pafto 
 
 Patagones Pop. 
 Parana K. 
 PaUra 
 Pataua G. 
 Bile 
 
 VlitDa p. and & 
 Pitouivek R. 
 llccana 
 St. Paul 
 
 de Loaada 
 
 PiyU Port 
 Paz Vera 
 Pearl I. 
 
 Ptgu K. and C. 
 Ptkim P. andC 
 Ftligonga 
 Pella 
 
 Ptmba P. and & 
 Ptoderachi P. 
 PcngabP. addC. 
 
 Penguin I. 
 Pennon de Velcz 
 
 Pdifylwnia „ , "■' 
 P<:nt»pouli oc PeMy-Polc 1 1 4 
 
 Penuel ,.V 
 
 Peraa ""'• 
 
 Perga " 
 
 J194 
 99 
 
 ISO 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 10$ 
 
 118 
 
 287 
 
 aio 
 
 la 
 
 '7 
 6 
 
 I0» 
 
 l< 
 
 aS) 
 
 109 
 
 i?J 
 
 «7 
 
 ai4 
 
 ajS 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 n 
 
 909 
 
 ibid. 
 
 »3I 
 
 3»* 
 
 J16 
 
 3 '7 
 3«i» 
 3«7 
 320 
 109 
 910 
 ibid. 
 
 ' its 
 »99 
 loj 
 S95 
 304 
 7tf 
 s88 
 i:6 
 
 19, lao 
 
 II 
 
 104 
 
 lot 
 
 lOJ 
 
 343 
 
 104 
 
 3'4 
 ai4 
 
 195 
 368 
 318 
 116 
 142 
 
 I'? 
 iS 
 
 314 
 
 9 
 
 97 
 3'8 
 
 «7i 
 341 
 
 jn. 
 
 Pcreamui 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 HiodelaPIataP. 
 
 |i8 
 
 P«ria 
 
 17 
 
 
 
 *■■ ■■ .Rlur 
 
 ibid. 
 
 Pcmamouco dpi 
 
 310 
 
 q. 
 
 
 
 192 
 
 Perrepolit 
 
 74 
 
 
 
 Riflintagao 
 
 lot 
 
 PERSIA 
 
 tfo 
 
 r^Uamoy 1. 
 VsJ Quimfi P. 
 
 M7 
 
 R6)aniahel 
 
 104 
 
 PtrlianSeaotOultrfi 
 
 76 
 
 146 
 
 Roni P. 
 
 9 
 
 PIRU 
 
 290 
 
 Ouancheu 
 
 ibid. 
 
 Roob 
 
 «7 
 
 
 394 
 
 Quantum P. 
 
 ibid. 
 
 Rbtetto 
 
 1«3 
 
 Peflinui 
 
 9 
 
 <^aqua 
 
 . 209 
 
 Rotai 
 
 104 
 
 mra 
 hifty-pole 
 
 4» 
 J14 
 
 Quebec 
 Qieda 
 
 »34 
 
 120 
 
 
 
 Phanuel 
 
 31 
 
 <^icheu 
 
 146 
 
 & 
 
 
 Pfiarannica 
 
 3« 
 
 toiemado Port 
 
 29* 
 
 
 " 
 
 Pharoi 
 
 lis 
 
 Qifcojg Ter. 
 
 "94 
 
 OAanah 
 
 Saara or Zora 
 
 44 
 
 Pbiladclphii 
 
 « 
 
 jAeyang 
 
 146 
 
 35 
 
 ——■a America 
 
 94» 
 
 (^kn 
 
 147 
 
 Saba Plain 
 
 J 
 
 Philippina 
 
 133 
 
 {^niencliang 
 
 14S 
 
 1. io America 
 
 PHILIPPlNEIJLANOSl^a 
 
 Qjlloa K. and C. 
 
 3o4 
 
 Saboc P. 
 
 209 
 
 PHILISTINES 
 
 3i 
 
 QUincfa P. 
 
 220 
 
 Saefpara I. 
 
 'II 
 
 PHOENICIA 
 
 17 
 
 Quinte 
 
 M4 
 
 Sifh 
 
 Phdgor M. 
 
 9> 
 
 QuSri 
 
 33$ 
 
 Sarti 
 
 ill 
 
 Plepely 
 
 104 
 
 Qiilto 
 
 as* 
 
 Safflet 
 
 it 
 
 Pirgah M. 
 
 31 
 
 loi Qpitoi P. 
 
 294 
 
 'JIagalallus 
 
 II 
 
 Pitana 
 
 7 
 
 Qutsanipio 
 
 *4i 
 
 Sagucnay P . 
 
 933 
 
 Pingeo 
 
 «4< 
 
 (^oangfin 
 
 Hi 
 
 Said 
 
 t9<i 
 
 Pingiang 
 
 »44 
 
 Quoinptung 
 
 I4< 
 
 S'kifadaci 
 
 la 
 
 Pinginen 
 
 14? 
 
 Quoja K. 
 
 ac8 
 
 Sala or Sella 
 
 174 
 
 Pingliang 
 
 144 
 
 <^oog<i 
 
 I4« 
 
 Sitem 
 
 29 
 
 Pinjung 
 
 146 
 
 Qttongte 
 
 '4S 
 
 Salhia 
 
 3< 
 
 Pitana 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 Salt 1. 
 
 2t 
 
 Pitange 
 
 311 
 
 
 
 Samaria 2$. 30 
 
 Pitiu P. and C 
 
 JOJ 
 
 «. 
 
 
 Samarkand 
 
 80 
 
 Plain of Saeba 
 
 29 
 
 
 
 SulAbal f. and C. 
 
 10? 
 
 Ca Plat* 
 
 197 
 
 n Abba 
 r\. Rabbath 
 
 31 
 
 Saittongtr 
 
 91 
 
 P. 
 
 318 
 
 S9. 31 
 
 Sanios r. 
 
 14 
 
 
 318 
 
 Racka 
 
 47 
 
 Sjinfea Pr. 
 
 57.58 
 
 Plimouth P. New FJlg. 
 
 839 
 
 Radimpore 
 
 99 
 
 San Chitoval 
 
 287 
 
 Plinthine 
 
 188 
 
 Rageapore 
 
 loi 
 
 Sant Juan de lllva 
 
 261 
 
 Podiagabro 
 
 109 
 
 Ragclim 
 
 3« 
 
 Sant Franccfco Maraohas 
 
 Polar Countriei 
 
 12» 
 
 Rajapore 
 
 103 
 
 
 309 
 
 Pontichery 
 
 288 
 
 Raja Ranai 
 
 tQ% 
 
 . — ide Quito 
 
 afVJ 
 
 PopayanP.andC. 
 
 Ramath 
 
 30 
 
 . de la Vittoria 
 
 aPT 
 
 Popo Port 
 
 aio 
 
 La Rajneda 
 
 985 
 
 •— «>Miguel »3' 
 
 r. 318 
 
 Porca K. and C. 
 
 109 
 
 Ramoth 
 
 29 
 
 • de Fiura 
 
 293 
 
 Porco 
 
 293 
 
 RaWth Gilead 
 
 3" 
 
 
 311 
 
 Port Royal 276 
 
 . 277 
 
 Eiailcana 
 
 105 
 
 — -de Ribcra 
 
 29tf 
 
 Porto Bello 
 
 2«J 
 
 Rancheria • , 
 
 28s 
 
 . — , Salvador i6i 
 
 i.311 
 
 Cooflaozo 
 
 «3 
 
 Rantipore 
 
 ini 
 
 • — Scbaflian de 
 
 buena 
 
 
 311 
 
 Raphaio Vail. 
 
 33 
 
 Vifta 
 
 284 
 
 _— Sanao I. 
 
 220 
 
 Rappahannock R. 
 
 24s 
 
 Sangara 
 
 317 
 
 -Seguio Cape 
 
 31a 
 
 Rawree 
 
 99 
 
 Sangiang 
 
 14$ 
 
 
 313 
 
 Rebbta 
 
 .7? 
 
 Sangualoc P. anu C. 
 Saolaraa 
 
 il3 
 
 Polrngaram 
 
 I20 
 
 Redbuda 
 
 lot 
 
 Potafi 
 
 398 
 
 Red 5ea 
 
 303 
 
 Santiago \. 
 
 231 
 
 Poutfelouc P. and C. 
 
 118 
 
 Remmoo 
 
 aS 
 
 »^de Chili 
 
 324 
 
 Praya 
 
 104 
 
 ^cphaim 
 
 41 
 
 — -de Cuba 
 
 275 
 
 Prcller John 
 
 203 
 
 Retel Ter. 
 
 <$4« 
 
 .—dc r ERe:o 
 
 313 
 
 Prince* I. 
 
 221 
 
 REUBEN Tribe 
 
 3' 
 
 — lit Guayaquil 
 
 393 
 
 Providence I. 
 
 iH 
 
 Lo> Reyci R. 
 
 194 
 
 —-de Leon 
 
 2&I 
 
 Prurop 
 
 "A 
 
 -Fort 
 
 309 
 
 
 Ptolenuis 
 
 Rhlnocorura or Pharinnica 
 
 
 294 
 
 Pucbia de lot Angela 
 
 2iir 
 
 
 3« 
 
 — de loi Vallfs 
 
 3»»' 
 
 Pueblo NoTO 
 
 398 
 
 (Rhodes 1. 
 
 13 
 
 Santjuan de la Frontera 
 
 Puerto Quemado 
 
 2>< 
 
 KiliiorRacka 
 
 .t; 
 
 »96. m 
 
 Rico I. 
 
 276 
 
 Rid dc lai EafCit 
 
 — — dela Vittoria 
 
 39^ 
 
 Viejo 
 
 293 
 
 — Bamba 
 
 393 
 
 Santa Cruz I. 
 
 278 
 
 Pulo Coudore 
 
 127 
 
 •i — Blanco R. 
 
 19B 
 
 — — de la Sierra 
 
 399 
 
 Polorin J. 
 
 ibfa? 
 
 .. — Pormofo 
 
 311 
 
 -Fe 27 J. 
 
 a88 
 
 Puloway F. 
 
 • — Grande Cap. 
 
 309 
 
 ibid. 
 
 — — de Autiochia 
 
 Puna 1. 
 
 SI8 
 
 • — Rirer 
 
 • ——Maria 1. 
 
 328 
 
 Punta Galla 
 
 latf 
 
 deliHachaP.andC. 
 
 Santa Cruz del Apollo 
 
 327 
 
 ——Pedro Cape 
 
 Jlo 
 
 
 aSj 
 
 — — Marta f. 
 
 284 
 
 Purbola 
 
 10) 
 
 — ~de Janeiro Cap 
 
 313 
 
 C. 
 
 38s 
 
 Pattant P. 
 
 98 
 
 ——Town 
 
 ibid. 
 
 R. 
 
 293 
 
 Pyramids of Egypt 
 
 j8> 
 
 
 383 
 
 ■ Martha R. 
 
 288 
 
 
 
 -i— Negro 
 
 80} 
 
 Santo Domioga 
 
 »7» 
 
 Lei 
 
Vlll 
 
 
 ■ The.. 
 
 .T 
 
 loiS4ntot(. ' 
 
 a»? 
 
 SiBB*ng 
 
 M4 
 
 
 3«7 
 
 SiDektefimo 
 SiiiKoa 
 
 »4« 
 
 Sirdii 
 
 8 
 
 I4<f 
 
 SiiRcl p. «ml C. 
 
 IT> 
 
 Sitim 
 
 *» 
 
 <^>tigiiD I. 
 
 «J'.t 
 
 Sittace 
 
 n 
 
 SiroDi 
 
 ?'■' 
 
 Sl,ive CoalV 
 
 •no 
 
 S»{M0ta I. 
 
 >?< 
 
 Sntyrua 
 
 7 
 
 S^feion 
 
 104 
 
 SocoDufcoP. 
 
 3^8 
 
 Sitalyad 
 
 II 
 
 Sohar 
 
 44 
 
 Sitigan 
 
 ic4 
 
 Soliig!(n Pop. 
 
 «14 
 
 Sivalopoli 
 
 59 
 
 Sole 
 
 if 
 
 Sjiid-brury 
 
 98 
 
 Solamon f. 31^ 
 
 • 3}1 
 
 Sbvu 01 Sin 
 
 70 
 
 Soihibrcro 1, 
 
 »1i 
 
 Siyd 
 
 i8 
 
 Somege M. 
 
 Oi 
 
 Scjniandria 
 
 7 
 
 Soogoro R. 
 
 <i 
 
 Sc4»deilMd 
 
 97 
 
 SeaDo V. and C. 3i 
 
 )>ti4 
 
 Sc4ndrrooo 
 
 «<J 
 
 Soret P. 
 
 99 
 
 ScirpjDto I. 
 
 11 
 
 Sofa 
 
 I75> 
 
 Schniheng 
 
 •^ 
 
 Soamei'pore 
 
 104 
 
 SchjiiMchte 
 
 Soui'icuoit Pop. 
 
 li6 
 
 Schipor 
 
 ic$ 
 
 Soufa 
 
 183 
 
 Scheropfit 
 
 «S 
 
 Sfturoi or deal 
 
 207 
 
 Schirii 
 
 7$» 
 
 SPAIN New 
 
 3;} 
 
 Scliiiwin P. 
 
 68 
 
 SpiDifli town 
 
 »79 
 
 Schoutct 
 
 7» 
 
 Spartel Cape 
 
 «74 
 
 9cio 1. 
 
 IZ 
 
 SPICK-ISUNOS 
 
 U9 
 
 Scotiri 
 
 119 
 
 Sp'g* 
 
 C 
 
 Scytho(ioii( de UIm 
 
 i($a 
 
 Spitiberg 
 
 S3$ 
 
 Scbafte 
 
 30 
 
 Stampala I. 
 
 13 
 
 Scbafliin de boea> 
 
 VitU 
 
 SMmchioI. 
 
 ibid. 
 
 
 2«4 
 
 Staten I. 
 
 149 
 
 Sccimioum 
 
 19 
 
 Stefa 
 
 180 
 
 Scgclmclia ?, 
 
 >94 
 
 StotcLind 
 
 339 
 
 Segetipe Cipt. 
 
 »«• 
 
 Straton Tower 
 
 30 
 
 $cgo»i» New 
 
 iStf 
 
 Suaquam 
 
 202 
 
 Scli or jockhcel 
 
 4i 
 
 Succadano 
 
 aa? 
 
 Selcucia 
 
 17.48 
 
 Succoth 
 
 Ji 
 
 
 11 
 
 Suchcn 
 
 M? 
 
 Seltii 
 
 174 
 
 Sucbuen 
 
 i4& 
 
 SelfchJ 
 
 a8 
 
 Sueta 
 
 28 
 
 SemalUi 
 
 9 
 
 Sufgcfflar R. 
 
 177 
 
 Scmedo M. 
 
 170 
 
 Suichfu 
 
 >4f 
 
 Semena R. 
 
 97 
 
 Suigee 
 
 103 
 
 Scnxtvn 
 
 28 
 
 Sultan-Hifar 
 
 9 
 
 M. 
 
 3° 
 
 SulciDia 
 
 69 
 
 Sephct 
 
 27 
 
 Sumatra IF. 
 
 iir 
 
 Scphosii 
 
 a8 
 
 Suns ^ 
 
 29 
 
 flef 
 
 »7 
 
 Sunan ■ 
 
 it4« 
 
 Senna 
 
 324 
 
 SUNDA ISLANDS 
 
 iji> 
 
 Serinhaim 
 
 311 
 
 .—P. and C. in 
 
 Africa 
 
 Sctim or Sithim 
 
 ?1 
 
 
 2U 
 
 lit 
 
 Seocafdu M, 
 
 '7$ 
 
 Sundiva I. 
 
 Sevilla del Oto 
 
 194 
 
 SuokiaDR 
 
 14$ 
 
 Shiio 
 
 3' 
 
 Sur 
 
 18 
 
 Sfiuna 
 
 19 
 
 S«ram 
 
 $< 
 
 Siira Cipt. 
 
 309 
 
 Suras 
 
 ;o 
 
 Siba !■, 
 
 lOJ 
 
 Suract 
 
 10* 
 
 Silwld dc Wierde t. 
 
 ai7 
 
 Suriatm 
 
 3*1 
 
 Sibu or Zebu 
 
 <3} 
 
 SmjP. 
 
 170 
 
 Stchar 
 
 JO 
 
 R. 
 
 171 
 
 Skhtia 
 
 ibid. 
 
 Sufi or Soufa P. and T 
 
 • '83 
 
 Sidon 
 
 18 
 
 .9ullor or Schonfltr 
 
 73 
 
 Sierra Lcoia M. R. 
 
 and K. 
 
 Sw.illey-hole 
 
 100 
 
 
 308 
 
 Syam K. 
 
 117 
 
 La Sierti in Aimrici 
 
 399 
 
 City 
 
 "9 
 
 Sigia 
 
 M4 
 
 Syraoga 
 
 loa 
 
 Sigiftan P. 
 
 7< 
 
 Syrenaker 
 SYRIA 
 
 9* 
 
 AcgoKL 
 
 «7(J 
 
 H 
 
 Sillcry 
 
 »»4 
 
 Syrioi 
 
 97 
 
 Silo 
 
 3» 
 
 
 
 SIMEON Tribe 
 
 3^ 
 
 *^ 
 
 
 SiffltfTo 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 Sinibe 
 
 ibid. 
 
 
 
 Sinai M. 
 
 4» 
 
 
 
 Sincapoura 
 
 lao 
 
 
 
 SiadkP.andC. 
 
 99 
 
 
 
 ABLE 
 
 TiAbac MiriaKock 
 Tabaina M. 
 Taborai I. 
 Tabxriftan 
 Tabarco P. and C. 
 Tabar 
 Tajiora M. 
 Ta;.;c 
 Tacfob 
 Tadroor 
 
 TafiletP.aadC 
 Tigoaft 
 Tagodaft 
 Taichea 
 Taiting 
 Tsiengand 
 Tamalaineque 
 Tanialmi 
 Tamraercy 
 Tana 
 Taiialfcty 
 Tandaya I. 
 Tan^kiang R. 
 Tan;owar P. and C 
 Tanor P. and C 
 Tarueintkoy 
 Taoy 
 
 Taperlci I. 
 Tapi'itia 
 Tapie K. 
 Tapuyers Pop. 
 Targa 
 
 or Hayr 
 
 TiU^czian Pop. 
 
 Taricl\ea 
 
 Tarquer. 
 
 Tarrare M. 
 
 Tarfui 
 
 Tartar or Tatfar 
 
 Tartaria Oefeita 
 
 «- Propria 
 TARTARY 
 Tanudante 
 Tatta P. sod C. 
 Tartar 
 Ta»ay R. 
 Tauloeure 
 Taurit 
 Taxilla 
 Tayea or Teej 
 Tazatiy K. 
 Tchembol R, 
 TcHonii It 
 Tcarregu Ter.. 
 Tebella P. and C. 
 Teburit 
 Tecaut 
 
 Tccchort Ter, 
 Ttcoa 
 Tffdddei 
 Tedia P. 
 Tedoef) 
 1!e« 
 Tefelhne 
 Tefnarc 
 Tefflii 
 Tefit* 
 Tegaa 
 
 Tegazza Dtfrrt 
 Tegorarin P. 
 Tenaima P. 
 TeiMiga e. 
 
 «33 
 
 »«3 
 
 •e 
 
 «7« 
 4» 
 
 43 
 
 «7 
 
 «95 
 
 171 
 
 ibid. 
 
 M» 
 •44 
 
 'oj 
 
 285 
 
 1^8 
 
 98 
 
 30 
 
 97 
 
 «33 
 
 <4» 
 
 »I4 
 
 10^ 
 
 8i 
 
 Hi 
 
 31* 
 
 31" 3» 
 lOjs 
 311 
 175 
 i9< 
 Ss 
 
 39 
 
 "I 
 
 II 
 
 80 
 8a 
 
 ibid. 
 78 
 
 «7« 
 99 
 80 
 
 117 
 
 IDS 
 
 6t 
 101 
 
 43 
 117 
 
 96 
 98 
 »94 
 178 
 ibid. 
 '7« 
 »94 
 U 
 >79 
 •71 
 170 
 
 43 
 •70 
 >77 
 
 51 
 <7« 
 14^ 
 t^i 
 '94 
 
 43 
 
 10$ 
 
 TelmefTu! 11 
 
 TcmcfuoD f., 17:; 
 
 Tfcn-igMent , 194 
 
 Tenaifarim P, and C. 119 
 
 Tcpcheog 144 
 
 Tevedot |;' 12 
 
 Tcneriff I. aar 
 
 •—in Anerici tSj 
 
 TenezP.andC »■)» 
 
 Tengcheu 143 
 
 Tenu f Hebor 37 
 
 . r-disr 3» 
 
 Tequldeat 178 
 
 Terar 17 j 
 
 Tcrga or Tary,* ibid. 
 
 Ternate I. tjo 
 
 Terra 30 
 Terra Auftraliv Ineogi'uta 331 
 
 TERRA PiitMA 
 Tcrrama Ycr. 
 Tcrza 
 
 i'^febit Ter. 
 TeCegddt 
 Tefoc R. 
 Teffjr* 
 Tellet P. 
 
 — -Ter. and C. 
 Tellote 
 
 Tctuan or Tct^i 
 Teurcit 
 Teufegzet 
 Tcuziu 
 teztezi 
 Thagia 
 Thaidiflg 
 Thaiping 
 
 Thamma or Thamuata 
 Th^Dtr. 
 Tliarah 
 Thiyen 
 Thibet or Tlicbn 
 
 10 Xgypt 
 
 Thecua'or I'ecm 
 
 7'hoobaint« 
 
 TheoUclia 
 
 Thertffa 
 
 TKcrfa 
 
 rheibc 
 
 Thibet 
 
 ThitmmiBg 
 
 Thira 
 
 Tliob or Tcii Ter. 
 
 St. Tlionuts I. 
 
 -— ill Gmmt 
 ThoroB 
 Thyatira 
 Tibdbelt 
 Titxrin 
 Tidor S. 
 
 Tierra del Ftwgi 
 Tigrc P. and C 
 Tigris R. 
 Tiatefquet 
 Timor L 
 Tina 
 
 Tingche« 
 Ttocenkouk 
 Tipra K. 
 
 Tirabad or Fcrtiad 
 Tire poller 
 Titicaca Like 
 TltfaiU V. 
 
 Ci£t 
 
 Tob Ter. 
 Tobigo I. 
 Tocat 
 
 28a 
 
 ja 
 «»4 
 
 «7« 
 lj« 
 
 178 
 
 ibid. 
 
 in 
 
 Ml 
 
 iibicl. 
 
 • 7? 
 
 »94 
 1S» 
 
 «4<5 
 
 M« 
 3* 
 30 
 
 4* 
 
 M4 
 
 30 
 
 34 
 SH 
 
 194 
 i( 
 30 
 ill 
 
 
 Ml 
 
 9 
 31 
 
 aaa 
 
 31 
 
 9 
 
 31. 38 
 
 131 
 
 3»7 
 
 »99 
 
 45 
 
 '99 
 
 39 
 
 3* 
 
 «47 
 «4« 
 »J7 
 77 
 I»4 
 
 »9t 
 »6t 
 Ux 
 
 alo 
 to 
 Todg/i 
 
 .> 
 
 J*' 
 
 
it 
 
 •94 
 
 C. 119 
 
 •44 
 
 IX 
 
 ati 
 t«j 
 
 f}» 
 Ui 
 
 II 
 
 ibid. 
 
 KjtO 
 30 
 
 gi'uti 9i« 
 iSa 
 
 3" 
 194 
 
 170 
 
 ibid. 
 
 »yii 
 
 ibut. 
 ibid. 
 
 m 
 It* 
 
 M< 
 
 30 
 
 4* 
 
 »44 
 
 90 
 
 I9» 
 »4 
 
 »n 
 
 ai 
 V* 
 
 • I* 
 
 Ml 
 
 9 
 
 91 
 
 sat 
 
 f^ 
 ai 
 
 > 
 
 31. ag 
 131 
 
 327 
 199 
 
 4$ 
 
 29 
 f« 
 M7 
 »4t 
 117 
 77 
 "4 
 "97 
 atft 
 U* 
 
 a8o 
 
 10 
 
 Todgi 
 
 
 Todgt Ttr. «t)d R. 
 Tolu 
 
 TombutK. 
 Tongu P. 
 
 Tongue o^ «. 
 
 TODOI^IU ^' * 
 
 TonqwB ' •% 
 
 Bay 
 Topuchla lliuinitisii 
 TopJiet Vail 
 1V>ta]r R. aJd C 
 Tower of Stsutoo 
 Trabfzond 
 Traciionitii 
 Tralii;! 
 Tranguebir 
 Tfjti'ian* R. 
 TuviDeour K. 
 Traxt 
 
 Tretiwieo P. «ad C. 
 Tres Reyts Foft 
 La Trinidad 
 
 Ifle a8o, 
 
 _~.~GMtini 
 Trinity I. 
 Trinquentakt 
 TtipitI 
 TRIPOLI K. 
 
 -P. and C. 
 
 TripoUj PoDfiw 
 
 ' ., ....-Syrig 
 
 Trea« 
 
 Troy 
 
 Tfi«il!o if) Mextoo 
 
 »..ia Peru 
 
 »».in Terra FiUna 
 Tfchcil-Minar 
 Tuban 
 Tucuman P. 
 Tucuyo 
 Tup,«en 
 
 T'jiimor or *;Ma*4 
 Tv.»vb<iR. 
 Tungchaog 
 Tun^chea 
 TuDgin « X, 
 TuDgoha 
 TibD^uri Pop. 
 
 • '.V .'(* 
 
 Of ASIA. AFRICA and AMERICA. ijt 
 
 *2* 
 
 sB4 
 
 39 
 116 
 ai7 
 ayS 
 lai 
 laa 
 
 80 
 
 n 
 
 3» 
 10 
 
 aj 
 
 9 
 • 14 
 117 
 108 
 
 $1 
 117 
 
 185 
 
 adS 
 3»7 
 ia$ 
 
 '!» 
 
 184 
 
 9 
 
 ••; 
 
 ibid. 
 
 270 
 
 a«t5 
 
 74 
 
 128 
 
 3'7 
 aSd 
 141$ 
 
 aj4 
 «4i 
 '45 
 
 146 
 
 ibid. 
 
 Sa 
 
 A „.„ 
 
 Tuogoziin Pop. 
 
 TuDii K and C> 
 
 TUaCOMANtA 
 
 Turkiftan P. 
 
 Tutccory 
 
 Tu7ia 
 
 TYRB 
 
 V. 
 
 V't^L 
 
 n 
 
 Vakiog 
 Vtlencia New 
 Valet ta 
 VaHadoKd in Amcrici 
 V«J»erdc 
 
 Uche - » 
 
 UdafliP. Ui if 
 Udioikoy 
 
 Vel» dc la Gonen 
 Veloui 
 VeDften 
 Venezuela P. 
 VcraCfu/ ,„.j 
 
 Vengea P. -> . .. 
 VSKDK-CAFE la 
 Verna r. 
 
 Ugot, .1.1 
 
 VteuciKn 
 
 Viichan^ 
 
 VriepK. 
 
 Villa de Maria 
 
 Villa Rica in Mexico 
 
 in Paraguay 
 
 ».Vc!ha 
 St. Vincrnt I. 
 
 .— . I. in America 
 
 C<pt. iu BrJv.iI 
 
 —Town 
 Virguict f. 
 VIRGIN I --1 
 V'iiQapor K. and C. 
 
 ua 
 
 Vouria 
 
 U{ «r the Chaldto 
 Urbs V. aud T. 
 Vredribeog f. ^ 
 Urii „\ n 
 
 ibid. 
 181 
 
 li 
 
 18 
 
 ibid. 
 
 ,'8i3(5 
 11.J 
 294 
 
 99 
 1 10) 
 
 8j 
 >75 
 ««J 
 
 J4$ 
 
 i«5 
 . Zil 
 
 aji 
 aat 
 
 117 
 
 I |0( 
 r«4S 
 
 146 
 
 l«7 
 
 284 
 16 
 
 3»7 
 
 3'a 
 ail 
 2S0 
 
 i'4 
 
 278 
 
 84^ 
 
 110 
 
 81 
 
 7 
 
 f 
 
 Umica P. 
 
 WALKS NEW 
 Wiapoco C ■;, 
 WiUiam-ForC „ 
 WiogerU -^ 
 
 320 
 ibid. 
 
 239 
 
 104 
 110 
 
 X 
 
 X. 
 
 Ael 
 
 Xalifcoi'.aadC 
 
 jITJ. 2ihafp 
 
 Z. 
 
 ZARABA 
 ZABULON Tribe 
 
 Zacacecas P. ibd C. 
 ZjcheC 
 Zagan 
 Zag^atluy P. 
 
 Xaniuen _. 
 Xanchcu 
 Xanking 
 Xanfi P. 
 Xanttiui 
 Xaatnm P. 
 Xanxa Port 
 XinxaTe M.^ 
 Xao. 1'. 
 Xcoing 
 
 Xexn Nmcm" 
 
 Niuchan 
 
 Xisigaa 
 
 Xolto t. 
 
 Xunkiog 
 
 Xunte 
 
 XuotioA-Fa 
 
 Xuxun 
 
 
 ■•..A 
 
 •'A 
 
 44 
 S5d 
 
 '44 
 
 146 
 , ibid. 
 
 1 '44 
 II 
 
 «4J 
 
 170 
 
 loo 
 I4d 
 
 »44 
 
 iSS 
 
 146 
 
 82 
 
 145 
 
 4i 
 
 
 ibid. 
 318 
 
 Adock or ladock a. 177 
 
 „ YERACK 
 
 Yefoi'.' '-•* 
 Yi(u.izu' 
 Yinzolin 
 YORK NEW 
 
 YucaUn P. 
 Yunnan P. and C. 
 YupiF. 
 
 ..".HA 
 
 .■■r'l I»mA 
 
 ijA 
 
 48 
 
 7} 
 81 
 
 3'9 
 •55 
 
 240 
 
 a4» 
 
 I4« 
 
 , 81 
 
 *- 
 
 ■■'••'tr 
 
 ». 'S>ii» 
 
 
 
 »„tf. 
 
 
 
 fpa 
 
 Zaire K. aad L. 
 Z^nsura 
 Ziofari K. 
 
 Zaogutoir COift 
 
 - — r. 
 
 Zanbaga P. 
 
 Zaora 
 
 Zcb 
 
 Zcbe l.andC. 
 
 Zegz'f g K. " 
 
 Zeila 
 
 Z<na 
 
 i^cnoo 
 
 7.0401 ZiiR. 
 
 ZliienR. 
 
 Zhiacbc'u 
 
 Ziiiveu'viicu 
 
 llbcjiP.mdQ. 
 
 Zibia 
 
 SI 
 
 Zinan 
 Z'Dcheu 
 Zin^swx R. 
 
 Zoar- , 
 
 Zobali"- 
 Zoratbra L 
 Zoftia P. and T. 
 Lot Zopotecai 
 Zura 
 Zurnziga 
 
 1 Ik "^ 
 
 
 ,t,y. 
 
 doH 
 
 (9^ 
 28 
 29 
 
 ai» 
 
 30) 
 
 5S 
 8i» 
 
 214 
 
 »9S 
 90:1 
 2«a 
 204 
 
 1 96 
 
 184 
 
 "I 
 
 lo5 
 
 203 
 284 
 
 4? 
 
 1761 
 
 '*♦! 
 
 146 
 
 147 
 
 4?. 
 
 4r 
 
 175 
 
 >4J 
 
 S^S 
 
 «77 
 I7<S 
 
 It 
 
 1C4 
 
 2.»0 
 
 J«» 
 
 3* 
 
 '44 
 
 .-.;» 
 
 •I, 
 
 .(.Mil.! . 
 
 , 'i .111- I 
 
 i'.'f 
 
 
 
 Dddd 
 
 
 Art 
 
 
 
 yliMif"* 
 
 !>•> 
 
 t . -^ 
 
 .(.»(<!»* 
 
 ir»fc 
 
 V, j.l1»(MtV' .!I.f., i.J.Hstf'. \ 
 
 t« 
 
 itSmwl 
 
 ,!mn>3. A 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
"«>'V^8W'l"" ■■ 
 
 .AOi :HM; \^«^ PDmih .AI2A v> 
 
 tor 
 
 c8 
 
 wfiil ,:r. ,ija,..v »y 
 
 Ap Alphdbetkial 
 
 •»--.-r*it 
 
 T 
 
 n..'i 
 
 i-.jjr.i'.V 
 
 B 
 
 1. 1 
 
 .1 ■r„-OT 
 ■K/- r,.T 
 
 E 
 
 •ipavi 
 
 Of the Ancient Latin Names of 
 
 P/aces 
 
 I .-•il.i'ifjoT 
 
 4OG 
 
 
 EUROPE, ASIA a«d AFRICA, .mentioned 
 in this Work, with the Modern 
 
 Appofite. 
 
 denote the Pages 
 
 
 Names 
 
 .■1' 
 
 ■Note, The Fibres wich 
 
 ..) .-.-., 
 
 Afterift; 
 
 vc; .it.. 
 
 of 
 
 the Second Part. 
 
 A. 
 
 
 i^' 
 
 btllid]. 
 AbbitifcelU. 
 AOonc. 
 A&ravjDus. 
 ^bforui 
 Abjdus, 
 4cci. 
 A^haii. 
 Achccoati). 
 Acri. 
 AAium. 
 Acuta. 
 Ad Anuni. 
 Addinu. 
 Ad Pontcm. 
 Adrumctum. 
 AdttiticiTjagoront 
 Adur). 
 
 Adurni Porfui. 
 ^dui Pop. Gail. 
 j^Hilium. 
 M\ii Capi(ttolini. 
 /Klii Pom. 
 
 MiMtt. 
 
 /tmathia. 
 
 .•Emonii. 1 
 
 /toli.i 
 
 .'Eolii 
 
 .4;qui Pop. 
 
 Aaii. 
 
 Africa Propria 
 Agaiha. 
 
 Agflflcum. 
 
 pen-; 
 
 MfikthefRManR. 51 
 
 AWo *6 
 
 (riaiix 344 
 
 Grnee 44845? 
 
 37 
 lb 
 
 ActritixM 
 ytttXpmera '■ 
 C4ft Fitoli 
 Aipmpenaente 
 Wittbuin 
 Tecltltltx ' 
 pMnittn. 
 
 Jangrts. 
 Ai't, 
 tdifimtan 
 
 GJtth I. 
 ftri/falem 
 
 Crnidut I. 
 Elba I. 
 
 Z«vfutb4r 
 Geriinii 
 
 l.itltebiimtt 
 Agendickm Scootium. Seiit^ 
 Agarymba. «—_ _ 
 
 Agifymba. 
 A(;ri|>cntuin. 
 Alidtilci Pop. 
 Aladulia, 
 AlauD). 
 Alaueia. 
 AliuuioniMiii4 
 ALiunui 
 Alba Bul^iaria 
 
 -— Pompeia. 
 
 )ulia. 
 
 HufTia. 
 
 Albania,' 
 Albiga. 
 
 Albintcmclium. 
 A (((turn. 
 
 Riv. Ahit 
 
 Alne 
 Belgrade 
 Alio 
 WfiJi-miHri 
 MkUdv) 
 EpirsH 44J, 
 
 Albf 
 
 Vittimittiu 
 Vnndte 
 
 Aletium. 
 Alcxandrii. " 
 
 .*4yi.ti. 
 
 — -Statdlfotom. 
 Allobregci Pop. , 
 Alaetcotit Ager 
 Alone. 
 Alonr. 
 Alttrnutn, . 
 Amani 'I' 
 Amada. " " 
 Amafia. 
 Amaltrii. 
 Amathus. 
 AmauDus M. 
 Ainb!anct:lii Ag(,i 
 
 Lttet 
 SciuJerxii. 
 
 aiS 
 
 Amu 
 
 Amboglaoa. 
 
 Ambricia. 
 
 Amilhinuni. 
 
 Amifui. 
 
 Ampbibolit. 
 
 Ainpylogiii. 
 
 AmficlodaniQin. 
 
 AinvlaAi. 
 
 Ainurium. 
 
 Anas. 
 
 Anafiuui. 
 
 An.Uolii. 
 
 Ancalitn Pop. 
 
 Ancyra. 
 
 Aodegarum. 
 
 Aadcrirfa. 
 
 Ahdovrrpure. 
 
 Aodromittum. 
 
 Andromatum. 
 
 Angcriacum. 
 
 Old Ttrsn 
 
 Ptfcaja 
 
 ■■ EmMtn 
 Mitr^Mtg 
 
 Semajl/'; 
 limrjja 
 
 Amblefide 
 l»rta 
 
 Milnau 
 Simija 
 EmMi 
 Sufitmar R. 
 
 Amiierdam 
 Amient 
 
 Cliictitua 
 GuadiMi R. 
 F...i 
 
 Oxtn. 
 AniDnri 
 Angtrs. 
 
 Anlmtr^ 
 Endfcmit. 
 
 St. Jean d' 
 
 Aotciun). 
 
 Annium. 
 
 Aotandros, 
 
 Antiochia. 
 
 Antlochia PifidiT 
 
 Aotiochene. 
 
 AntinrKxiofum. 
 
 Antipolit. 
 
 Anxur. 
 
 AmapiiC. 
 
 Apfar. 
 
 Aphrodifit. ' 
 
 Aptiradifiuni. 
 
 Aprutlum. 
 
 EtifftediM 
 St. Ittmetfi 
 AntUcb 
 
 Auxent 
 Atititti 
 TtrracinM 
 Ftmiert 
 Sttfa 
 Ctdix, 
 Africa 
 Ahrkx^Xfi 
 Apta Jalia VulgcotiDni. « 
 Apuluni. Afnli 
 
 Aqux (iratiaitx, Aix. 
 -"rUvia. Cbtmtt, 
 
 300 
 
 ♦i($ 
 
 »i88 
 
 1<0 
 
 24J' 
 
 9i 
 39 
 
 ^^^ 
 J99 
 
 * 10 
 ai4 
 185 
 
 * 9 
 » 13 
 
 • «4 
 
 74 
 
 37 
 
 451 
 
 lc8 
 
 * 9 
 450 
 
 ♦ 177 
 154 
 
 74 
 ♦9 
 J^« 
 
 2ul 
 
 *4 
 
 S4 
 
 '7 
 
 ".37 
 
 ♦7 
 
 79 
 
 Atiitlf 
 
 log 
 
 11$ 
 
 443 
 
 * 7 
 » 17 
 » II 
 
 ♦'4 
 
 fOO 
 
 119 
 
 185 
 114 
 
 » 180 
 340 
 
 » 183 
 
 »99 
 lao 
 aro 
 844 
 355 
 
 iHtlwti*. 
 
 -Seirtia'. 
 ■ Soli*. 
 -— St,itellx. 
 
 AqnVonij. 
 Aquintum. 
 Aquinum Csput, 
 Aqniftf'raDum. 
 Ari'Ubiorum. 
 Arabia Dtferta. 
 
 Koelix. 
 
 PctiJ.. 
 
 Arachofia, 
 
 Arbeia. 
 
 AttUtvm. 
 
 Arevacorunt UrSs. 
 
 Argaatoinagum. 
 
 Acgentymum. 
 
 Afgenrorjtum./ 
 
 Argentina, J 
 
 Argi ti^oiu. ' 
 
 Argttr. 
 
 Ar^Qt Adrianoj. 
 
 Ana, 
 
 Aiitoniuni. 
 
 Arir.enia. 
 
 Armurica. 
 
 Arfatia. 
 
 Arti^is. 
 
 Aivernum. 
 
 fifca». 
 
 /\Sl.\. 
 
 Afica. 
 
 Afieni Kortm 
 
 ACpjIaibum. 
 
 Afpcnrius. 
 
 Ankdum. 
 
 AKm, 
 
 Affvtii, 
 
 Alljhoras, 
 
 A().ucnus Siout, 
 
 Aftjci'ir. 
 
 Adypilxa (, 
 
 Athcni'. 
 
 Athos Moni. 
 
 Atlai M. 
 
 Aticbitum. 
 
 Attalia. 
 
 Attclh'. 
 
 Badm. 
 Aixf. ■ 
 Bath 
 
 Atqid 
 
 Ai,iijft1dtnt* 
 La Ctdt^nj 
 
 Cafneth 
 
 ■iix-h (.biipeH: 
 Brnne 
 
 , Mictnt 
 
 Biit.if^nt 
 Caltin 
 Aihjma 
 Ctermint 
 (jktidir 
 
 Ntthrrht 
 Feir«.4 
 
 JUtdmd Sidor, 
 
 CutJijl ,n 
 Titci^d R, 
 
 Tefi rirt 
 
 Stamf.i!4 
 Atbeni. 
 
 Msmt Sanh, 
 , ♦ I 
 
 Atras 
 Sat.il)»J 
 Eftt 
 Atirebatct Pop. Brit, ^~ 
 AtuHitum, Aire 
 
 Araricam Btitugiriuni 
 
 Avcoio. Av)(,mn 
 
 in 
 
 I 
 
 ■. r 
 .--.i>»i,vr 
 
 .■.•,iT 
 •.■..•;iT 
 
 -iT 
 
 • iJ 
 
 *4i 
 
 ♦17 
 It 
 
 aj» 
 34iS 
 »ff 
 
 294 
 
 *9i 
 
 21V 
 
 181 
 
 *4» 
 
 ♦42 
 
 •is 
 
 118 
 33» 
 
 57 
 
 li 
 
 97 
 
 «■ 
 
 ♦7> 
 
 34» 
 icj 
 
 345 
 ♦l 
 
 33 
 }$i 
 
 .274 
 
 II 
 
 34» 
 
 ♦aoi 
 
 ♦ 6 
 77 
 •> 
 
 45' 
 I5J, i9<* 
 
 • It 
 
 27s 
 
 T 
 
 (oy 
 96 
 
 *A»cQui 
 
 45, 
 
 * I 
 
Tlaces in EUROPE. ASIA an(l AFRICA. xi 
 
 ■1 -'.oT 
 
 ./!.>T 
 
 ' y-' 'inoT 
 
 . 1 »;..~eT 
 
 ed 
 
 If} 
 
 -'.-.mT 
 
 Part. ; 
 
 iJ:nH 
 
 r.l:n 
 
 'til 
 
 ne. 
 
 ♦17 
 
 It 
 
 »$> 
 
 sff 
 2;; a' 
 
 181 
 
 ♦42 
 
 •«* 
 
 Jl« 
 
 97 
 
 J5 
 
 « 
 
 ■J45 
 ics 
 
 }4$ 
 ♦l 
 
 ia 
 251 
 
 • II 
 
 341 
 
 * 45 ^'il' 
 
 * JOI 
 
 - ♦ (J 
 
 * 'J 
 
 4SJ 
 451 
 
 * It 
 i7J 
 
 T 
 
 I07 
 
 S<* 
 
 TJo 
 
 Her 
 
 > 
 
 1/4 
 
 tnh. 
 
 * 
 
 Atendi ddrum. 
 
 Ang». 
 
 Auguftf. 
 
 Bona 
 I ...-.Bracira 
 |. •— Dacia>. 
 , . EciKriti. 
 
 .— Pan. 
 •. . —— SuccefTanuin. 
 
 —Pretoria. 
 
 •— T4Uiinoruiii. 
 
 •—— Tre»irofuni, 
 , ■ — — Vagienivnrum 
 . <_Viadfiicoium, 
 ■Augufli Licus. 
 
 JtibfJfte. 1 
 
 j\ugu(!omrtuBi. Clifimtt 
 ^vk Q^inxi. Ouerantii, 
 
 ,,Auli$ .,■.,(,■ ■ 
 .Aurafio. " Otttgt 
 Aurea CherfolKfu!. Malau.i 
 
 AurcliancDfii Urbi.j 
 Aure.'ijnmn. Cint^ 
 
 AuKopoIi]. Inffilflailt 
 
 .Aufchii. Anx 
 
 Auroba Fl. Hiberoix. 
 
 Ranhoiit 
 Eu 
 Landcn 
 
 Troiet 
 
 Brai» 
 
 AtetiJa 
 Hadmox 
 Sajfons 
 Ai»jje 
 Turin 
 Titers 
 
 ■ Sj/f^x? , 
 . A'timt 
 
 Lugi. ' 
 Cwd.HnJriiO 
 
 Autm 
 
 Aufooia. 
 
 Aivtca. 
 
 Autricum. 
 
 Auxunuin. 
 
 Axar.tui. ■% 
 
 UxiitifTeua./ 
 
 Axcloduoum. 
 
 BASfnb«vg>. 
 Bibylo". 
 BattrliiiJi. 
 Bakaret Ini'ul.c. 
 Binnavcnna. 
 Birontcs M. 
 Batavj Cadi'utiii 
 Baravia. 
 Begs'.u. 
 BcUtij. 
 Bclerium. 
 
 Itulf 
 Attritb 
 CbATtKt 
 Ofina. 
 
 125 
 
 69 
 
 21 
 
 77 
 153 
 4«i 
 
 3}7 
 
 245 
 ISi 
 182 
 
 ZiS 
 
 >9i 
 
 3JS 
 99 
 
 101 
 83 
 
 454 
 lao 
 
 93 
 
 20 J 
 
 IP7 
 
 109 
 
 55 
 
 248 
 
 55 
 93 
 
 389 
 
 90 
 99 
 
 Bamhtri ?88 
 
 Eliii> •■ 4: 
 
 (S5. *y6 
 
 34« 
 
 Wtt'dm in Street 27 
 ♦ 68 
 
 HilUnd 
 
 Kethithndi 
 
 RtiUf 
 
 Vrdhtad 
 
 Vtr» 
 l.,iKJs-End 
 ^li^a; I'op. BiitiD. 
 BELGIUM. 
 Bcllicum. 
 Bellilama. 
 Bcnit)ium. 
 Bcnoooes. 
 Bercizania 
 Berca. 
 Bcfolinum 
 Berytui. 
 Btlidia;.? 
 VeM'ixJ 
 Bttii. 
 Ciitia. 
 
 Bibroci Pop. Brit 
 BibraOe. 
 Bipootium 
 
 Bergtn-tp-Zaom 
 
 Alipft, 
 tintiK 
 
 Btrixit 
 
 B'fuKtno 
 Guadalquivh R. 
 
 AntHn 
 
 _.r Deiix-fontt 
 
 Biriiantei Pop. Hibcrn. —— 
 Birtha. Bir, 
 
 Eirunlix. BexJiKon 
 
 Bjtciij. Btfirri, 
 
 Bifufiv. Bi)nrgtt 
 
 Blani Pop. Hibcrn. »• 
 
 Blatum Biii°ium. B»l»t[$ 
 
 Blcfenre Caltrum. Btm 
 SlefiiuiD. Old fmi 
 
 * ' I 
 
 i;8 
 '53 
 ♦18? 
 
 345 
 8 
 
 7 
 125 
 101 
 
 5« 
 
 27 
 '33 
 ♦>5 
 
 110 
 *'7 
 
 298 
 ;)o3 
 
 34' 
 
 «4 
 
 99 
 
 lol 
 
 H4 
 
 9« 
 55 
 
 3S 
 
 a 
 
 Boccanum. 
 
 Bodincomaguc. 
 
 Bodotria. 
 
 Boctica. 
 
 Boii Pop. 
 
 Booium. 
 
 BonODia. 
 
 Buibctomagu}. 
 
 Borcovicui. 
 
 Boreum Trora. 
 
 Bortum Ducis. 
 
 Boyjoda. 
 
 Bovjauum. 
 
 Boviuin. 
 
 Bncchium. 
 
 Brasf. 
 
 BrinQDiuin. 
 
 Brcir.ccjocum. 
 
 BfTmanium. 
 
 Monto 
 
 Cafil 
 Edinbiirgh-Frfth 
 F»rt of Spain. 
 
 Banehor 
 BiUi»k 
 
 ■ Wnims 
 
 'Burwicl^, 
 
 Biigantci Pop. B't. 
 '' Pop. H.bernr. 
 
 BMe-Vuc 
 Bine /l 
 
 BiUno 
 Bivertm 
 
 B ^Hghtan 
 
 \hnel\er 
 btierburrow 
 Brantiin 
 
 Britaooia Prini^. 
 
 ' Sccuada, 
 
 . 'Maxina 
 
 ►170 
 
 i59 
 
 51 
 
 308 
 
 '^7 
 
 32 
 
 2''. 
 
 'Jj' 
 
 lis 
 55 
 
 4« 
 ?5 
 «3 
 3' 
 
 3« 
 i^ 
 
 .7 
 5 
 
 Camerijcum. 
 Canganurti. 
 CiDgi Pop, Britan, 
 Ctaioa. 
 Cioooium. 
 Canrium. 
 Cantz Pop. Scof. 
 Cautiutn. 
 
 Chdnthft) 
 IJijn Pramint. 
 
 Efiriu 
 KriM/e 
 
 Kent 
 — Pfomontortnm. F-rtUnd 
 Caraccis Sargel 
 
 Cjppidocia *- 
 
 CippadedcuJ PontHi. - 
 Caput Aquium. Capacch 
 
 Caramaoia. 
 Caria. 
 Cartiututn. 
 
 244 
 43 
 32 
 452 
 'I 
 7 
 St 
 7 
 «T 
 1 79 
 •10 
 ibid 
 397 
 
 
 Cbarttti 
 
 Scarf anti L 
 
 Brivales Portns. 
 
 Brixellium. 
 
 Brixia. 
 
 Bnmopulit. 
 
 Bubcfia^. 
 
 Bugclla. 
 
 Buifa. 
 
 Bunatia. 
 
 Eurdi^ala. 
 
 Burriun. 
 
 BuCrJ!. 
 
 Butnrotum. 
 
 Bythinia. 
 
 Byzaceoa. -. 
 
 Byzaotium. 
 
 S. fift of EngUpfi 
 
 . .W-'-'f . ■ ' ^ 
 tte'tneMn. 
 Entland 
 Brtji 
 
 Berfelh 
 
 Bnfcij 
 Briirijwi\ 
 
 Biilit:^en 
 Bitlia 
 
 Beai^CaHlt 
 BikfSfjiix 
 
 Bofhi'i 
 
 Rutrintii 
 
 BecUnffl 
 
 ibid. 
 
 D- 
 
 Mi. 
 
 90 
 
 3^4 
 
 ai8 
 515 
 
 'If 
 ♦ibS 
 
 CatjUntimple ^S^ 
 
 
 ;t 
 
 CiAbllloniuin. 
 ' Cabyra. 
 Cadomurtk 
 Cailurcum. 
 C*fjria '/ 
 Mj^ici \ 
 Cafjfea lofula. 
 
 — -Ju.'ia. 
 
 — Tellira. 
 Ccfaris Bur|>,ui. 
 Ca:fjrom»j',u'. 
 Cafdronngus. 
 Ca:forotiura. 
 Caligurris. 
 Cjjarii. 
 C.ilcatia. 
 Ciledobccuitl, 
 Gaki'-juii 
 Cilctum. 
 Calipi5. 
 talillf. 
 Cillirhoe. 
 Caliiiacurn, 
 Caioncful. 
 Cilpc. 
 
 QmilcduDutn. 
 Cimbndunum. 
 Camboritum 
 
 ■'chintkf 
 ■ Suvai. 
 Ctien 
 
 t'iihrt 
 
 Caifar 
 
 M'y '' 
 
 Alt'" 
 
 Cherhiurg 
 Beauv.ii< 
 Dunmtitf 
 GUnrs 
 CaUbtrtt 
 Ctgliari 
 Hetvtin-kint 
 CiiHdebe,. 
 Ptrt i Scotland 
 Cflah 
 Sadao R. ' 
 Yhert Zerm'i* 
 Orfa 
 Champ 
 Bitle-rjli 
 Ghrjitar 
 IHaldm 
 Aimonibury 
 Cnmhridit 
 
 ■47 
 
 Cimtracciifis Agcr. Cmbrtfit 
 Cjmeracum. Cumbrtjf 
 
 
 
 Carpalhus Vion. 
 
 Cirpatl.m. 
 
 Cirpctani Pop. 
 
 Canca. 
 
 Orrlixa. 
 
 Carteoa. 
 
 Cartcaa. 
 
 .Cirthagc."'' '■•'^ 
 
 •Caaba. 
 
 Cafpiac PyJ*. 
 
 Gafpii Pup. .. 
 
 Candlum Arianortim. — 
 -— -• AtjouM*. Btidtn ' 
 Laiioimm. cajjel ■ 
 
 Caflra Aljta. ij,mw^6 
 
 — ' — ConrtantiBi. Cwtanct. 
 
 n 
 
 — M° 
 
 Chcmfco 
 C hjrM 
 AUllug*. 
 Ziilf Jt. 
 
 Vnbent 
 
 3»8 
 
 • "54 
 
 ♦ 47 
 
 •*'79 
 *^ifJ 
 
 »l8s6 
 - , ♦ (58 
 
 >7o 
 - iij 
 
 -Kxploraturum. 
 
 RathbMi 
 
 . Calk ft ^ '■' 
 ChaalMt i 
 Cattarhli 
 Catbceft ■ 
 
 ' , M 
 
 iif.'viO. 
 
 .^t If '.U'J 
 
 J' 
 
 io 
 I<i7 
 
 ♦jo 
 
 ♦ i^p 
 
 ♦ 178 
 70 
 85 
 
 J3 
 
 <S9 
 
 333 
 3.93 
 
 i* 
 51 
 
 19 
 3J2 
 
 4*5 
 47 
 ?7 
 P' 
 
 34' 
 ^3 
 34 
 
 3S 
 
 Ml 
 >Ud. 
 
 Regini. 
 
 Ciltrum AlbitHrf, 
 Caut4iKuauip. 
 Ci^rafloniuin. 
 Catili. 
 
 Citticuchiani Pop. Brit 
 Ciuci Pop..Hiberii. 
 Cauiiuin. Cor it 
 
 Cauio.'. Androt I 
 
 Cciama. Sed Rcma 
 
 Celiabraga. '' ''. 
 Celinus. •' ; «' 
 Cells Pop. 
 Celviacum. ■ " 
 C*Dioni» OfHum, 
 ■ Ccnomctiiim. > 
 Vindioum. -J 
 CentroBcs Pop 
 Centomcclla'. 
 Ccpbalonia Infull. 
 Ccraraus . • 
 
 Cfretacorum Juga. Pyyayd* 
 Ceiica. tatha; 
 
 Ceronei Pop. Scot. - ■ . 
 Cetobiiga. SetuxiAl 
 
 Chalich. HtiliA 
 
 Chalcedoti ■ , .. 
 
 thaldia. TVrjtt 
 
 Cheirooeruii Attrcr.- - 
 
 S41 
 l8s 
 
 5'r 
 
 (MdCmlifle 
 38 
 
 Chminet 
 
 falrmutt 
 
 M»n%,\ 
 
 7+ 
 8 
 
 Civita t'etch'm 
 
 Chilnnuai. 
 Cliineta. ;'' 
 Chi-!. 
 
 tliryforrhoeai. 
 Chylcma. 
 Cilicia. 
 Citurnum. " 
 Cimbfl Pop. 
 Cimbriea cliAfoaefin. 
 Cimmerix \f.\ai. 
 Cimmerium Kcrlty 
 
 Kiel 
 
 Ctltf K. 
 
 Scto t. 
 DtmaftM 
 Mmh R. 
 
 CilceUt 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ciita Numidhe. 
 CiflettiiMi. 
 
 
 Cinftant^ 
 CitijH 
 
 ■842 
 
 aHi 
 
 ♦8 
 
 ?2* 
 »8a 
 
 - • ",' 
 
 ?5» 
 * 58 
 
 ♦$ 
 
 '>4«- 4» 
 
 '■*■ l«o 
 
 : ,«9 
 
 • * li 
 
 ?«5.372 
 
 3«5 
 
 — — 481 
 
 — — - 481 
 
 i 
 
 ♦ iBd 
 Civitai 
 
 W: , . 
 
xii ■'' 
 
 CivitHOnirmloavn). St. 
 
 Of tk Antient Latin Ndmes of ^-^^'V:* 
 
 Eryihfxi 
 
 CUrona. 
 
 Clitot I. 
 
 Ciaudiopolik 
 
 Clavenoa. 
 
 CliulcntuDi. 
 
 CInfula. 
 
 Clnenicne. 
 
 Coydtit. 
 
 Codaoi Fcp. 
 
 Coelofjfku 
 
 ColchM. 
 
 Colooii. 
 
 GUrh 
 
 Pel it Utn 
 
 2J4 
 
 V-^i. 
 
 D. 
 
 ■.>Otlftrt-.MI'«r.^l 
 
 C-iPtroiieM 
 
 SoHtkamptm 
 SIkji 
 
 JHhi'tlia 
 Cokbtfltr 
 Coloaia Agrippiot. Celofft 
 _— AngutU A(M Patreofii 
 Julia Booa. Bmne 
 
 —^Vatricia. 
 Colophon. 
 Columbiria. 
 Comagrna. 
 Comini Pontica, 
 ConAtelcn'Jni. 
 CoinpcDdium. 
 Comfllutum' 
 
 Ctidna 
 Cohnitrs 
 
 * 9 
 a}7 
 
 •'I 
 
 ♦8 
 
 1 '^ 
 
 2J 
 
 iBi 
 
 181 
 
 340 
 
 *7 
 80 
 
 14. 
 
 Bretnibtim 
 Cmpeign 
 AlcaU it 
 
 Cutm* 
 
 M 
 10 
 
 »4 
 8(f 
 
 ii' 
 
 Concha. cmma jjo 
 
 Ooochani Pbp. Hibcrn. . .< 5 $ 
 
 Coadatum. Ct»tletn 31 
 
 Coodercum ■ 36 
 
 Coodttftum Rhcdoaum. ArmiM 88 
 
 CoDg<?at«. R()ft<tfllt 38 
 
 Coonium. Circiutlltr 18 
 
 Conoriui. Ci)iiii9 A. 44 
 
 ConfeDtioa. C(!/ai<4 398 
 
 CoDfopitom^ o«».„r»r«,«-- ^ 
 
 Cu(iefathtx.j 
 
 Cootinufa. 
 
 CoDveonoi. 
 
 OooTineniu Ager, 
 
 Coos. 
 
 GorhtntoriguiD. 
 
 Corbilium. 
 
 Corcyra. 
 
 Corcyra Nigra. 
 
 Corda. — _ 
 
 Corta Dimnioi^im. CamiUt 
 
 Corinthoi. Gmmt 
 
 Corioodi Pop. Hibtro. — 
 
 Coritani Pop. Brit. ~~. 
 
 Cornabii Pop. Scot. •.^ 
 
 Cornavi! Pop. Brit. >-<— 
 
 Qt^mpcr Ctratin 
 
 Cianitf 
 
 tanio I. 
 Caer Laretoc1(, 
 Nantei 
 Corfu T. 
 
 340 
 
 »i 
 
 II 
 
 ♦la 
 i\ 
 
 88 
 
 a7J-45i 
 467 
 
 Coroclii Forum. 
 
 CoiftJpiiMn. 
 
 Coffium- 
 
 Cater. 
 
 Cotrum. 
 
 Crtffa, 
 
 Crrta. 
 
 Crexa. 
 
 Crococalaoa. 
 
 C(ima. 
 
 Curetii. 
 
 Cn actio. 
 
 Coriaa. 
 
 Cariofitifz. 
 
 Cydades 
 
 Cydoo. 
 
 Cyprw I. 
 
 CyrcMica. 
 
 Cyrout. 
 
 Cytcum. 
 
 Cythua 
 
 hmlit 
 CorirUgt 
 B*x»t 
 Ctpt Sftrttt 
 
 Chmtaia 
 
 Ctiidt* I. 
 Chtrfi I. 
 Ancadir 
 
 ., »• 
 
 ibid. 
 
 4tfi 
 
 SS 
 
 7 
 
 »• 
 
 7 
 
 2JI 
 
 39 
 
 107 
 
 »I74 
 
 *9 
 
 8 
 
 4«a 
 
 i74 
 a8 
 
 CMtlit I, 
 4f»rltort»gb 
 VtiU I. 
 Qtiimptr-Ctraitk 
 
 Cantd 
 
 Cvfit* I. 
 Sttia. 
 CtrlfO I. 
 Cyxicui, Chizico. S/iiii, P»lm»i 
 
 452 
 II 
 
 »74 
 
 ^> 
 
 4^4 
 
 464 
 * n 
 
 * t66. iS« 
 
 304 
 
 4«4 
 
 175.464 
 
 "J 
 
 DAcia. Wa\tcbia,fy'i, 
 
 Dinioii Pop. Scot. — . 
 
 Uinnionii Popt Brit. ...... 
 
 Daoum. tUncalUr 
 
 bardiDcum. Dwrdta 
 Oarni Pop. Mibcro. .■ 
 
 Oariotrigum Veoetorum. Vutti 
 
 Oaurona. 
 
 Oecapolis. 
 
 Delphi. 
 
 Delphi. 
 
 Delphiaatui 
 
 Delta 
 
 Oertor.>. 
 
 Oefidix. 
 
 Deva. 
 
 tiil^R. 
 
 Caflri 
 Dtlft 
 ttaupUni 
 
 Ttrtoiu 
 
 Bififniui 
 
 ChtjUr 
 
 Deociinanoruni Coloaia 
 Dianiiim. Vtnu 
 
 Diczarchta. Fuk^U 
 
 Dittutn. Vigan-vj 
 
 DInetz Pop. Brit. _ 
 
 Diooyriopolis. Variif 
 Diorcoridii K Zoettors 
 Dira. Vie JUv, 
 
 Divio. Uijin 
 
 OiraduruiK Meta 
 Dobuai Pop. Brit. 
 
 Dordrechta. 
 
 Dorif. 
 
 DourooTatlc. 
 
 Drangiaoa 
 
 Drepanutn. 
 
 Dinforoa^w. 
 
 DuacutB. 
 
 Diibrii, 
 
 Dumna. 
 
 OunHm. 
 
 Dunus Sinui. 
 
 Duiii. 
 
 Durcbrovis. 
 
 Durobrivx. 
 
 Dorocobrivx. 
 
 Durocortorum. 
 
 DuroleuQii). 
 
 Puro4itHin. 
 
 Dert 
 
 Dmttflir 
 
 Trapaia 
 KempttH 
 
 Dsvrr 
 Pmt IJI. 
 Down 
 Duntflef. 
 Riv. la Kerry 
 Rxbtftir 
 Vmfoei 
 
 Rhtims 
 
 tsyton 
 Ounftadium Batar. 
 
 478 
 
 47 
 
 It 
 5$ 
 
 >7 
 
 ■!J 
 
 4JJ 
 >»' 
 
 131 
 
 •i87 
 
 ail 
 
 398 
 
 31 
 
 114 
 
 3*7 
 
 19s 
 
 44 
 
 7 
 
 470 
 
 * acf4 
 
 5« 
 
 98 
 
 Hi 
 7 
 «37 
 
 a 
 
 10 
 
 »<J$.7i 
 
 301 
 
 i>S 
 
 '34 
 
 •7 
 
 $a 
 
 5S 
 
 34 
 
 5* 
 
 n 
 26 
 11 
 78 
 17 
 
 Dujfltr-Jt W)\ 
 
 Durefiponte. GtdmmtheStr 2S 
 
 Durotriges Pop. Brir. . , ■ 7 
 
 Durorcrnuixi. Catterbiirf 1 7 
 
 Dyrracbium. Vma^^t 4S1 
 
 E. 
 
 EElioa. 
 Kboriciug. 
 Ebroicum. 
 EtbataiM. 
 RdciTa. 
 
 Elderbergi. 
 
 DicM'n 
 Tnk. 
 bntux 
 TtMrit 
 Orfa 
 Heideliin 
 
 Elcafii. Lepfica 
 
 Klik Bilveiin 
 
 KIoroM. Oleron 
 
 Elynuis - 
 
 Eonriti AugofU, lUetU 
 l^herui. A'folaloHtb 
 
 Kphvra. Corinth 
 
 Epidaphne. Attixb 
 
 Epidaurui. Raeafd 
 
 Spidiorium Pramoatorinra. dtnC/re'si 
 Bpidiuni. Ila I. 52 
 
 tporredit. Iwm a$$ 
 
 Krdini Pop. Hibera — p^ s5 
 
 ■cctrhk 4mirt iu 
 
 a 
 
 34 
 
 7a 
 
 ♦68 
 
 ♦47 
 190 
 
 *7 
 4» 
 4$9 
 III 
 
 ♦73 
 
 ^'1 
 a6i 
 
 •17 
 4*7 
 
 CaJit J04 
 
 I. Af.^.iitor ♦ 17» 
 
 Erythczum Mare. T':/ Rti Su 
 Kfiliffa. Cevta 
 
 Ethiopia Suptrior — ^— 
 Etocr urn. **'/» ' 
 
 Euboei. Htgripiiit 
 
 ExolodiiOMii. iSwdon 
 KxteofiO. EafltH-ntft 
 
 "•174 
 ♦ 19S 
 
 3« 
 
 45j 
 
 97 
 *4 
 
 P. 
 
 1 ( V ^ . 1 
 
 7AoikmRo(raiUini.. A.JCrM* 2^7 
 ' PauAiuVillA St.Eimtmii-Burj 
 
 Fe&i'x. 
 Fideotia. 
 Finai Pop. 
 Kirmum luliaiD. 
 FlanOturieofe. 
 
 17» 
 
 3»l 
 ThtmiMi pmttf 
 
 flefoti 
 Bortu St. D»MMO 
 
 Motril 
 
 la ttedte 
 St. Flw 
 tl*Utnm 
 Pre\m 
 
 ._ f err At a 
 
 .. CorneJif. Imolu 
 
 — Julii. Civitat'i it frUli 
 
 — — Neronis. i^tufirkn 
 
 Francofurta ad MtrniMn. Prumlcj''* 
 
 «niueM.i)» 188 
 
 Fraaequera. 1*eitek(r itfg 
 
 Flexia. 
 Floriopolia. 
 Fori Sahitif. 
 Foio Julium. 
 Fornm Afieoi. 
 
 7 
 
 94 
 io| 
 
 291 
 »9I 
 
 3 58 
 
 Mi 
 
 a 
 
 i^. 
 
 man 
 Oneref 
 
 Oateibeai 
 
 GAiHtTaradum. 
 Gabrorcntvm. 
 Cadeoj Pop. Scot. — • 
 
 Gadei. Citd\ 
 
 Gal urn. Gtx 
 
 Gilitia. Ctntgai 
 
 Caliticiis Pootat. » 
 
 Caliiza . ' 
 
 QallinjL Walmkii 
 
 Gallatum. WbelfCaiht 
 
 Giile»a. WMIingfirJ 
 
 Cillia SubalpioJ. PieJmirt 
 GiodaTum. Gtent 
 
 Gaogara. » ■ . 
 
 Garimanlia. — _ ... 
 Garieoii Ofliimi, Tirmouth 
 
 Garocelli Pop. > ■ 
 
 CjrmoQoun). Bi'th Caftle 
 Gaufennz. Brii-Caflerttu 
 
 Cedaoum. Dtnukl^ 
 
 Ged^ofia. ' 
 
 Gega aut GUiam. Gea 
 Genabum. Orleaei 
 
 Geroia. Gdoiaftt 
 
 Gernuoica. . 
 
 Gefobricale-Vate. Breft 
 
 Qeniriicum. 
 
 Getc Pop. 
 
 Cetulia. 
 
 Gibctetto. 
 
 Gifa, 
 
 Glaoium. 
 
 GIaiio?enta. 
 
 Glemm. 
 
 Glotr*. 
 
 Gobannivre. 
 
 Gordium 
 
 Gortini. 
 
 Gnrcium. 
 
 Crampiw. 
 
 Granicui Ft. 
 
 Cratiaoapolii. 
 
 Bonltint 
 
 Jfli 
 
 *'77 
 
 Udevt 
 
 "5 
 
 
 
 Clxelli' 
 
 >8 
 
 Anar 
 
 }i 
 
 Ahrn.,\;taf 
 
 4' 
 
 
 *9 
 
 Gurtlna 
 
 46 » 
 
 Cr«^ 
 
 301 
 
 
 , Jt 
 
 
 ♦ 10 
 
 OrtPtftU 
 
 12a 
 
 
 Gn:{« 
 
 
 ;'i 
 •A 
 
 39 
 
 • 47- 
 340 
 
 lOJ 
 
 • 10 
 
 15. 27 
 3P 
 37 
 '4 
 
 n 
 
 »-! 
 54a 
 
 •°7 
 
 /J 
 
 9o 
 
 7J 
 
 «/tf-i7» 
 
^' 
 
 Tlaces in EUROPE. ASIA and AFRICA. xiii 
 
 ' 193 
 
 97 
 34 
 
 3»l 
 
 7 
 94 
 
 «5'4 
 «»> 
 
 291 
 >9I 
 
 \ 369 
 
 Mi 
 
 188 
 i69 
 
 , i 
 
 ic5 
 ' 39 
 
 • 47- 
 340 
 
 * 10 
 
 IJ. 27 
 
 3? 
 
 ?7 
 '4 
 
 10, 
 /J 
 
 /0.17a 
 
 * "7 
 ••77 
 
 "J 
 
 18 
 J" 
 
 •"5 
 
 46 J 
 tot 
 
 Ill 
 
 Guete. 
 
 Qutjc I'op. 
 
 MirX 
 
 330 
 ?5« 
 
 0>ffiDcfuIar. M»]orcii,Su 346 
 
 H. 
 
 ;ti 
 
 HAbitineum. 
 Habrus Fluv. 
 Hxtnut Mom. 
 Hidiia. 
 Hilii Klur. 
 HalicicoafTus. 
 Hamiconos. 
 Hcbuda. 
 Htbudcs. 
 
 Rifmgbam 
 
 39 
 463 
 
 271.399 
 
 ♦ 10 
 
 ♦S 
 
 FaiHitiUlia * 13 
 
 Slje Leveci I. 52 
 
 InfuU. npe 
 
 JacerimDa. Tttni 
 loteHmncDfi: Proviocii. 
 
 lODil. 
 
 JorcduiD; 
 
 Jovii Villa. 
 
 H'aoium. 
 
 Kauria. 
 
 Ifca. 
 
 If.j. 
 
 irca Oanmoniotum. Exeter 
 
 WejUjlts of Scotiiai 
 ibid. 
 
 CmJia I, 
 Ifpahiin. 
 
 Hecjtompolif. 
 
 Hccalompylo!. 
 
 Helicon M. 
 
 Hcliorratj, 
 
 HdiopQiii. 
 
 Hcllai; 
 
 Hellevioncs Fop. 
 
 Heivetia. 
 
 llephxDiadei. 
 
 HeptainoBM. 
 
 Hcraclea Ponti. 
 
 Hcrbanum. 
 
 Herbipolii. 
 
 Herculis Monzci Portuk 
 
 Hccculii Promnotoiium. 
 
 462 
 
 *7i 
 45fi 
 345 
 ♦19 
 448.453 
 
 355 
 
 SmtxftUnd ia8 
 Liparenn Iflts 30^ 
 Middle Ei>ft 
 Fendertcbi 
 Orvieto 
 Wurtzpurs 
 
 Hirty 
 
 Herpcria. 
 
 lUlf 
 
 Spam 
 Hetruria. t,ifcany 
 
 Hieron (romontoruun. 
 Hierofolyma. ■ Jemfatem 
 
 Hippo. 
 
 Hifpalis. 
 
 Holmia. 
 
 Holfatia. 
 
 HorcOi. 
 
 Hortabum. 
 
 HuoDum. 
 
 Hydruntum. 
 
 Hyrcaoia. 
 
 bona 
 Sevil 
 
 StMk.l>'>l'» 
 mfitin 
 Higblandtrs 
 , Oiti 
 
 Otraiito 
 
 6', 
 
 ♦188 
 ♦9 
 387 
 188 
 
 Point 
 
 9 
 248 
 
 307 
 
 l^6 
 
 55 
 
 » 21 
 
 ♦181 
 
 339 
 
 387 
 
 3^8 
 
 V 
 »%6 
 
 39 
 
 300 
 
 . * 70 
 
 ■■Adera. 
 
 I jificui Sinut. 
 
 Jazygct Meunaflx. 
 
 Ibtrii. 
 
 Ztna 
 
 lixrOi Pop. ' ;i , 
 
 Ib<ru8. 
 
 if»m \. 
 
 lixqi Pop. Brit^ 
 
 kf Qorum Vcnta. 
 
 I^ium. 
 
 Ida Mou. 
 
 IdviiMca. • 
 
 Idayiini Oftiumt 
 
 jeraui. 
 
 Iguvium. 
 
 Hi. 
 
 Htam.' ■■', 
 
 lUiixrli. 
 
 Illyricum. 
 
 Iluro. 
 
 loculifma. 
 
 Spm 
 Gtirfia 
 
 Ebn R. 
 
 Caflor 
 
 BUck-H'iiler 
 Mme R. 
 
 . _ .QHbit] 
 ^,a,, WitltR. 
 
 Granads 
 CfMia, (fc. 
 Ott Jt I. 
 . Ani/mltimt 
 lodtJ extra GangeiD. _ 
 _— intra Gangem. — - 
 lareriora Thernu. Badtn 
 Ingcoa Abriacaluoruin. — 
 
 .ifl' 
 
 ra74 
 
 ♦8 
 
 -431 
 
 *5S 
 «$ 
 
 308 
 
 7 
 
 »3 
 . 55 
 
 a$o 
 
 SI 
 
 *6 
 
 343 
 
 444t44) 
 
 III 
 
 95 
 
 — ♦80 
 . ibid. 
 
 J 94 
 
 - 71 
 
 ■15 
 
 St. 
 
 Ifchalis 
 
 Ifenacutn. 
 
 IlFus. 
 
 H'urium. 
 
 italia. 
 
 Ituna. 
 
 Itur.ij. 
 
 Jud.'L'J. 
 udiciacu!, 
 Juga Ccrctanoruni 
 fulia Alba. 
 JuliaboDa. 
 
 Julia Cxfaria. 
 ulia Liberalitis. 
 Julia Turrii. 
 
 J Julia Pax. 
 lulii Forum, 
 ulicmagus. 
 ulium t-irmum. 
 
 Jvelchefitr 
 Eifenacb 
 
 Aldbmrow 
 Italy 
 Eden R. 
 
 '25. 
 
 Flmr 
 I'ujceid* 
 Wetffemlien 
 BifeMX 
 Algier 
 Evora 
 Truxilh 
 Btja 
 tnuli 
 Angers 
 M'tril 
 
 (ulium Prafidium. Santarem 
 
 JuOinopoIis, 
 JuOinopolis, 
 Jut* Pop. 
 
 Capod' 
 Oita 
 
 IJIria 
 
 1 1 
 9 
 
 4" 
 9 
 
 II 
 
 216 
 
 ♦ >i 
 
 34 
 
 34li 
 
 37 
 ♦25 
 
 10$ 
 
 3-5 
 44J 
 
 70 
 ♦179 
 359 
 3iS 
 359 
 268 
 
 94 
 3s8 
 
 •47 
 3«5 
 
 ■ " 1^ 
 
 w * 21 Iv 
 
 /lira Rupcj 
 
 K. 
 
 L. 
 
 LAbciui. 
 Labro. 
 LacedamoD' 
 L4CUS AuguHi. 
 
 KiUair-CaJlle 
 
 ttihorn 
 Afijitra 
 
 -Setantiorum. iVindermere 
 
 Lxtitia. 
 
 LaOigara. 
 
 Laodicca. 
 
 UpJMnci Pop. 
 
 Lapurduin. 
 
 Uriira. 
 
 LatiDi Pop. Ital. 
 
 Litioiacura. 
 
 Latittin. 
 
 Campagne 
 
 Lavatrx. 
 
 laudanum. 
 
 Lauretum. 
 
 Laui Pompcpii; 
 
 Lcbret^m. 
 
 Leitodurum. 
 
 Legedia. .. 
 
 Legeolium.. 
 
 Legio. 
 
 I.f ^fo Sccunda. 
 
 Leraoonomiui. 
 
 Lemanis. 
 
 Lcmnoi. 
 
 Leodium. 
 
 Leanit Caltrum. 
 
 Ltopolis. 
 
 Lepidi Kegium. 
 
 Lcria. 
 
 LesbM. 
 
 Leihr. 
 
 Lcucadia. 
 
 Lcucaruai. 
 
 Vejji 
 Gnagida 
 
 fi<yioii( 
 
 Italy 
 
 if Rome 
 
 Laon 
 Loretia 
 
 L.'di 
 
 Aibret 
 
 Stony Stratford 
 
 Aurambes. 
 
 CaOleford 
 
 LtM 
 
 Catr-Lhem 
 Leiin R, 
 
 Statimtne 
 Liege 
 Holt 
 Lamltrg 
 Reigio . 
 Lenl. ' , 
 Alitelin) I. ' 
 Lima R. 
 St. MaurA 
 
 4«5 
 
 . ■O 
 
 279 
 459 
 
 3itf 
 37 
 
 *9 
 35* 
 no 
 
 *S2 
 
 *4 
 24H 
 383 
 
 3; 
 
 66 
 389 
 Id I 
 no 
 
 20 
 
 7« 
 
 34 
 335 
 
 4" 
 
 51 
 
 17 
 466 
 
 M7 
 
 44 
 
 4J0 
 
 2«3 
 
 ■■..4«. 
 
 Lecci Montcs. Sfachia 
 Leucopibia. Wbiterne 
 Lcucoiia. K'icoji.i 
 
 Lcxaviuin. L'fieux 
 
 LiHcralllas Julia. Ebora 
 Libnius. Liffy R, 
 
 Liburnu!. Legbiin 
 
 Libya Propria. - 
 
 Interior. — — _ 
 Limonuiii. Pjitiirs 
 
 Liadum. Lircotn 
 
 Lindum. Linliih^oa 
 
 Ulza vcl Lillum. Afe^^a 
 
 Lilla 
 
 Littus Altum. Tutath 
 Lixa. Laraike 
 
 Logia. LcughhoyU 
 
 Longovirum. L>iiu.ifi:r 
 Loti^us. Loii^b Lmigiti 
 
 Loquutum. Tenex. 
 
 l.Q\Mt\n(,\i. I.ori.iin 
 LovanlJcum. LhanniA 
 Loxj. irjf/c- 
 
 Lucfni Pop. Mibero. ■ . . » 
 Luccria. Lucena 
 
 Lutiburgum. liixcmbiir^h 
 Lugduoum Lj:ns 
 
 Aquitani.tm lut 
 
 natuni. St. KiilrunJ 
 
 — — liativorum. LciMn 
 Luguvjiluiii. CmUjI: 
 
 Luna Proinontorium LisiionRn\ -iti 
 
 404 
 51 
 
 69 
 
 559 
 5B 
 
 * 166 
 
 ibid. 
 
 94 
 
 19 
 
 51 
 
 4)^ 
 
 4i4 
 
 51 
 
 *i74 
 
 5* 
 
 36' 
 
 51 
 
 »I73 
 
 1:4 
 
 43 
 
 V6 
 
 341 
 >45 
 
 r. "4 
 
 Convt- 
 i:i 
 J 56 
 3^ 
 
 Luplutduii). 
 
 Luiitania. 
 
 Luiclia. 
 
 tutcva. 
 
 Lycaor.ia. 
 
 Lychnidas. 
 
 Lycia 
 
 L)dia. 
 
 leipjick. 
 PortigU 
 Pans 
 L^iieve 
 
 M 
 
 Acaros 
 Cmttia I. 
 
 feu 
 
 Mjctfix. 
 
 Maclovium. 
 
 Macolicum. 
 
 Maromaca 
 
 Madctiacum. 
 
 MadujDa. 
 
 Migi. 
 
 Magionium. 
 
 Maglona. 
 
 Magna. 
 
 Magncfta. 
 
 Magnefia. 
 
 Hi 
 
 ?.349 
 
 til 
 
 »«S 
 
 f II 
 451 
 
 ^ M 
 
 ' i 
 • it 
 
 MariroDoeios. 
 4$a. 
 
 M.ix}eTes 
 St. .\f,do 
 Mall 
 ■ ■ • 
 
 Maxieres 
 
 Mj)enne 
 
 OU R,tdmr 
 
 ■ tnthpble 
 
 Machmlbeth 
 
 CUrftfl'ortheW.ill 
 
 78 
 
 1: 
 
 78 
 
 93 
 4.. 
 
 20 
 43 
 39 
 ' 8 
 
 ■ 9 
 
 Ciixftl?il.tr. 
 Ma^oeliarromonl. C.ipe St.Qeorge 45 j 
 Maica Pruiiiont. Cap; Muleo 460 
 Maleot. Mkt. I. 
 
 MiMcacmu MailleraU 
 
 Maiirunium. Mamkeiier 
 
 Manduefleduni. Miinchelier 
 Mirathen ■ -. 
 
 5ii 
 95 
 
 36 
 
 .^' 
 454 
 
 356 
 
 . 34» 
 
 *6i 
 
 '—-. 28 
 
 Marliguet I. lit 
 
 ♦ l6S 
 
 Marobuodum Rubienum. Pr.igue 207 
 Martilia. Marfeilles 
 
 M^t.ilco, Majion 
 
 Maium. Candia C. 
 
 Marchio tioniPop. — ._ 
 Marcia. JUaichenn 
 
 Margiana. 
 
 Margidunum. ■ 1 m 
 Maritima Colonia< 
 Marmarica. 
 
 118 
 
 100 
 
 4«3 
 
 MtviitaniaCiraricnnt • itftf 
 
 • -ringilana — — •16C. • 169 
 
 Mii^iina Btitanuia Cxfarieolii. Virth 
 
 f*r$ of England. 
 
 Mnici, 
 
XIV 
 
 MJZ4C1. 
 
 Mcdu. 
 Mediolinum. 
 
 Medtuinitiicci. 
 Mcdujous Agcr. 
 McduQtj. 
 Mcgalopolii. 
 
 McUi VU 
 
 Mclit/. 
 
 MeloduauiD. 
 
 Meloi. 
 
 MeoiphJ!, 
 
 0/ the Antient Latin l^ames of 
 
 Cmt.ir 
 
 Mtritd 
 MiUn 
 Mtlx 
 La Manle 
 
 Ltittm 
 
 Mjlta I. 
 
 .Vclun 
 Milh 
 (itundC.tl'i 
 
 McDipii ^op. Hibern. 
 
 Mcnuvi. 6°iin Lkc.i' 
 
 Meaoft. yilei M-iLi^.i 
 
 Mcrobriga. Ciutljd IliJi'ni 
 
 McfcQi. Maril'J] 
 
 Mcfopotiinii. t)i»rbtcl^ 
 
 Metaiudx Juyges. 
 
 MeNris /E(luinum. Tht W^jhti 
 
 Metcnfit Url).> 
 
 Metlione. 
 
 MetiU. 
 
 Metoit!. 
 
 Mtdaum. 
 
 Miletu!. 
 
 Mimjili:. 
 
 Mimalum 
 
 MiDiri. 
 
 Mioiogrodj. 
 
 Mocooii^rum. 
 
 Modoni, 
 
 Mocai). 
 
 Mocfij. 
 
 MoguDtij. 
 
 Mooi. 
 
 Monichium. 
 
 Mom Argi. 
 
 ■Lucllarum. 
 
 Af:.ln 
 AUrtfch 
 RofetlJ 
 
 Putdt'ichU 
 
 Milh 
 
 Mtudt 
 
 A/Hiifter 
 
 Slane R. 
 
 StrvU iy liklinria 
 Mtnti 
 Mm I. 
 Mkmcb 
 MontartH 
 
 Rtilil. 
 
 »— BcIjxus. 
 
 — — VitJrum. 
 Mootn Lcuci. 
 Wopftudi. 
 M>r!)iaro. 
 Mari"imbi. 
 Mondunum. 
 Moridunuin. 
 Murgi}. 
 Mutli. 
 Mutini. 
 Mycfne. 
 Myiidui. 
 Myrj 
 Myiliu, 
 
 M)(M. 
 
 MonJivi 
 MurUix 
 WitttmbtTg 
 Staibu 
 
 Mottsb) 
 
 Carmarthen 
 
 Staton 
 Murcitt 
 Bjltfk. 
 Mden4 
 CSaria 
 
 ♦lo 
 ♦<55 
 
 43 
 
 2 do 
 
 nd 
 9i 
 
 85 
 
 460 
 
 454 
 
 * 10 
 
 * 22) 
 
 84 
 
 ♦ i83 
 
 • 5^ 
 541 
 i4J 
 US 
 
 * I I 
 
 Ui 
 
 4J1 
 
 25 
 
 lad 
 
 458 
 
 * 1 1 
 » 183 
 
 *9 
 »8 
 4*4 
 
 116 
 
 ♦177 
 
 22; 
 
 i8j 
 
 56 
 
 ♦ 8 
 469 
 l3-j 
 
 45 
 197 
 
 97 
 
 '5 
 254 
 
 89 
 
 an 
 
 4*4 
 »ii 
 
 38 
 ibid. 
 
 4» 
 9 
 
 346 
 
 44J 
 adj 
 
 <^i 
 
 ♦ 8 
 •11 
 
 ♦ 7 
 *6 
 
 r 
 
 IN Nigtufl. Sltio 
 NjiConci Pop. ^1 
 Njntuiics Pop. ■ 
 
 Niplofi. Skbem 
 
 Ntn feu Nirooa. Narenia 
 
 Naulum. 
 
 Niupi^ut. 
 
 Nai^plii. 
 
 Nixuanj. 
 
 Ni/<bet«. 
 
 Ncapoli!, 
 
 Negellj. 
 
 Nemjfj. 
 
 Nemaufui. 
 
 Nemel«c«fnj. 
 
 Kaffam 
 
 Koli 
 Lepanto 
 Nafoli di Rtmania 
 t/4ck.fivaii 
 
 Z'tnimn R. ' 
 
 Napttt 
 
 Ktjit 
 
 Triiifl4 
 
 K'mtt 
 
 Ar'tai 
 
 51 
 
 5<5 
 
 2tO 
 *il 
 
 4*7 
 lis 
 
 157 
 45* 
 
 • 77 
 
 a?} 
 
 74 
 4dl 
 
 «'$ 
 
 Ncractum. 
 
 Nemofiuiii. 
 
 NeoTJtUrca. 
 
 Ncodununi. 
 
 Ncpctc. 
 
 Nctitii. 
 
 NevQtiuin. 
 
 Nice. 
 
 Niccmedia. 
 
 Nicolij. 
 
 Nidum. 
 
 Nigra Corcyra 
 
 NIgritiatum Regio. 
 
 Nile H. 
 
 Nivernuni. 
 
 Nodi us. 
 
 Norba Cxrarea. 
 
 Norwegia, 
 
 Notium. 
 
 Spilt 
 
 Keinumi 
 
 TuAt 
 KiU'iit ltR»tit 
 
 Krjit 
 St. MMfA I 
 
 A'uys 
 
 Iftiteh. 
 'llmii'J 
 
 Nidh 
 
 • ' 201 
 
 Ktven 
 
 ma. 
 
 Atcantira 
 Kcrrraj 
 Miffenktad 
 Novantfs Pop, Scot. ■ 
 Norantum. Cheffon.MHll. 
 
 Novidunum. Ko^ent tt Sotrtj 
 Novocomum. Ctmo 
 NovioduQum. Ntym 
 
 — Vadicafcium. — 
 
 Noviomagus Bclg. Kime^uen 
 
 . Gall. No)on 
 
 Germ. Spire 
 
 Numidii. — — * idfi- ' 
 
 % 
 
 • 10 
 
 9< 
 
 3i6 
 
 4*» 
 
 liJ.: 
 ' S 
 ibid. 
 
 ''i 
 
 4" 
 
 4*7 
 
 *iS6 
 
 •214 
 
 57 
 
 y- 
 
 3?S 
 
 378 
 
 5* 
 47 
 5a 
 91 
 
 3d I 
 
 87 
 
 • 97 
 1*5 
 
 'J 
 
 87 
 
 190 
 
 192 
 
 OCethii. Hetht I. 51 
 
 Ocrmum. Lirardpoint 8 
 
 Oftodurum. ' Mmi^n;/ 238 
 
 .Hifpan. T;rD 336 
 
 onopitarum rromonf. • ■ 41 
 
 Ornotria 
 
 OcnipoDS. 
 
 OcDuira. 
 
 Ortiia. 
 
 OlicaDi, 
 
 Olivula. 
 
 Olympia Pifj. 
 
 Olympus Mods. 
 
 OlyHppo. 
 
 Cuoldium. 
 
 Qpitergium. 
 
 Oratoriutn.- 
 
 Oread ei. 
 
 Great. 
 
 Ordovicei Pop. Brit. — 
 
 Oretaoi Pop. Hifp. - 
 
 Orootei M. — 
 
 orea. HHtfca 
 
 0(ta Mom. — — — 
 
 omrmiorumCtTitii, St. 
 
 Onium Plani. 
 — — Triraotonis. 
 
 bnur. 
 onium Iduraaoi. B/oc^nxifrr 
 OthoDa. Mancejler 
 
 Ottodioi Pop. Brit. 
 
 Oroca Fl. .. 
 
 Oxui Fl, __.j^ 
 
 ■miWi.fck?. 
 
 PAfla;. Patti 
 Padrabrinu. Puderbmi 
 
 Patciceprii. — ' — 
 
 Palxflina. Jiid*a 
 
 Pilntii. Palncia 
 
 Pilmyri. Paji 
 
 P4I1U Cinunerif . » 
 
 148 
 10$ 
 462 
 119 
 
 34 
 245 
 
 453 
 
 189 
 
 adS 
 lod 
 
 ya 
 
 7 
 
 ■^d8 
 321 
 
 V J" 
 
 « Lton 
 
 •■'■:; ?° 
 
 — — ' ' 1 3 
 SiMthjmptcti ftoT- 
 
 ibid. 
 
 13 
 
 — 7 
 
 S« 
 
 *77 
 
 .trwihts^ 
 
 r.TM. -)»(..•. f 
 
 Italy 
 
 tiiffrkck_ 
 Sufitn^a /. 
 
 Itktlf 
 
 I'ilte Francbe 
 Langmu 
 
 Lkbon 
 Ohnfp.icb 
 0dm 
 Dtrat 
 
 Orkpo t- 
 Htwbmn 
 
 Pol 
 
 ai5 
 
 * at 
 33* 
 
 t7 
 481 
 
 Kalui Mzotis. 
 
 Sarmatiie, 
 
 . Trtgilii 
 
 Paniphyiia 
 
 Paononia. 
 
 i'aoormui. 
 
 Paphia. 
 
 Paphlagonia. 
 
 i'apirlaauin. 
 
 f aroallui M. 
 
 Farcpaaiifus. 
 
 Farthia. 
 
 fatara. — __ 
 
 Fatavium. Fadua 
 
 i'athmo:. Patmofa I. 
 
 Fitinum ^^cldaium. Meaux 
 
 H>iii*ry,fyc. 
 P Uimi 
 
 Piipipian 
 
 Patricia Colooia 
 
 Cordoua 
 
 Pm Augulta. 
 
 Badajtx 
 
 Julia. 
 
 »e)a 
 
 /'elopoDQcfui. 
 
 Mart* 
 
 /'elulium. 
 
 Damittii 
 
 i'eiinarruriuni. 
 
 
 Past, 
 
 • as. 
 
 Perga. 
 
 
 fergamui. 
 
 
 
 Ferradum. 
 
 Peruiiit 
 
 Perfepolis. 
 
 
 Ferfis. 
 
 '^i. 
 
 i'cftliiui. 
 
 
 i'cfures Fop. 
 
 
 Fefriani. 
 
 Ptriih 
 
 Fefrocooium. 
 
 PcrifHtkx 
 
 Fhiacii. 
 
 tor/i. /. 
 
 Fluro». 
 
 M.iiraf 
 
 Fharljlus. 
 
 PafU 
 
 Fharfelii. 
 
 fmda 
 
 Fhiladclphia. 
 Fhznicia. 
 
 
 '14 
 
 Fhrygia Major. 
 
 
 Minor 
 
 Fiftivium. 
 
 PoiSiert 
 
 Finareolum. 
 
 PipietU 
 
 Fiatia. 
 
 Vtiladolid 
 
 Fiftdia. , 
 
 
 Fifidona Zaora. 
 
 
 Fityufc lafttla!. 
 
 
 Flatza, 
 
 
 Flinthioe. 
 
 Arabs Torttr. 
 
 FomoDa. 
 
 Mainland 1. 
 
 Fornpeiopolii. 
 Font K\i\. 
 
 
 Ptnt Eland 
 
 — — Syriacus. 
 
 Pont fUr Tonne 
 
 Footci. 
 
 Ctliroc^ 
 
 FoDtus. 
 
 Genetb 
 
 
 •-—.GiIaticDj 
 
 
 —— ibid. 
 
 — • ibid. 
 
 — ♦n 
 
 ibid. 
 
 43 « 
 
 3-» 
 
 •13 
 
 9 
 
 S14 
 
 4 $6 
 
 . • 65. 070 
 
 ibid. 
 
 • It 
 »7I 
 
 79 
 940 
 
 337 
 
 359 
 
 449 
 
 « 183 
 
 •37 
 *ll 
 
 •7 
 
 a8S 
 
 •74 
 •7? 
 
 • 9 
 349 
 
 38 
 loS 
 
 451 
 
 • 188 
 
 451 
 
 • II 
 
 • 8 
 
 »54 
 
 339 
 
 •ii 
 
 •l8j 
 
 34« 
 
 44 
 
 • 188 
 
 Sa 
 •9 
 39 
 79 
 a«l 
 
 /♦ 
 
 ."* 
 1* 
 
 ibid. 
 
 • i9 
 Itf 
 
 •— Ftolenlilcui, > — 
 •—— Euxinoi. Black:Se,t 
 FortuiAdurni. Bdiriniton 
 — ~ Deorum. Mt^atran 
 • — HercsJi Monxci.' -i-*- 
 
 • Magnut. Ma^tifUhilr ' • 17^ 
 
 -^— Saotonum. Rttbel •9$! 
 
 »— Statriocimn. 'St. Pel ii 'Ltiri 
 
 ptitpm' 
 
 Wmtfick. 
 
 
 Fracneftck 
 Fra>fidiuin. 
 Ffitne. 
 
 Fia;coDncfui. Mttmera I. 
 
 f Tomootorium CatitiniD. Ibe ftritanf 
 
 . tf 
 
 >■ i ■gpidionimi Ctntyn <k' 
 
 ' «i . Hercirift. 'Mirtyptint ' p' 
 
 ■ — HiefOB." ■ 55 
 
 ■ LuDa:. 'neliKl^tf Ikbtn 
 
 ••— — ^MagBcfii. FtftSt.Gterie 
 
 45? 
 
 » — I lAfalea. Cape Male* 460 
 Fromon- 
 
 < > 
 
" 
 
 TUces in EUROPE, ASIA and aFRlCA. xv 
 
 PromoDtoriumOAopititum. — < 42 
 *— — — Rhium ic Aotirhium 
 
 • ■ ■ 456 
 
 ■ Robogdiuin. - 55 
 
 . ■ Rutubx. Nortb-Cafe 381 
 
 Sucrum. 
 
 Caft St. fiiunt 
 
 „ . . J49 
 
 Veoicoium. .~« jj 
 
 atMibuw-Ctftlt J 9 
 
 Bmja ' ' 
 
 Acre 
 
 Protolitii. 
 
 Piub ad Olymp, 
 
 Ptoleniaik 
 
 Piolcmoaiacai Pootui. ^— 
 
 futeloi. PhxX'^I 
 
 Pylbs MelTeauai. Kmn'm 
 
 *6 
 
 ♦18 
 
 QUiiiaca Aula. 
 >Q,Uza. 
 
 Giitrtnde 
 Oran 
 
 RAcofi<. 
 Haadavara. 
 Kutar. 
 Ratoflibiiu. 
 Ratiaftuo). 
 RaTti. 
 Rcacus. 
 Red 00. 
 Regia. 
 Reginum. ' 
 Regiunn Lepidi. 
 Regni Pop. BtU< 
 RpgDum. 
 RegulbiuiB. 
 Rei Apollooarii. 
 Heitelle. 
 Rcmorum Caput 
 Acrigoniuiff: ' 
 Rheba. 
 RhedoDCf.i 
 RhiDgovU. 
 Rhium Promont. 
 Rhodigium. 
 Rhodunina. 
 Rh9dui. 
 Rhutupiir. 
 Ribaduaum. 
 Ricolocus, 
 Rigii. 
 Robogdii. 
 
 Cracitv 
 Ritnfrctv 
 Ltictjtir 
 T»v. frith 
 Antatltfme 
 Trebk R. 
 Rbit. 
 Rtcline 
 
 RMisbcn 
 Rtith 
 
 Ringwoid 
 Rtculur 
 Riei 
 Rhttel 
 ■ Rbtimt 
 
 Rhtban 
 Rtmet 
 Riintal 
 
 Rnigo 
 Rmanne 
 Rlidics I. 
 Richhiarm 
 PrilUn 
 Rkhelitk 
 Liugh-RtiHh 
 Rcbofb 
 Robogdinm ProinoDt. ■ 
 Roma. Rami 
 
 Romuli Finum, St. Rtmo 
 
 RothomagHi. 
 
 Rubieni. 
 
 Rupella. 
 
 Rapes Kocaldi. 
 
 Rupiforlium. 
 
 RutPia Alba. 
 
 RutaniaiB. 
 
 R 11(6111. 
 
 Rutebx Promont. 
 Rutali Pop. 
 Ryfljdium. 
 
 Rtuen 
 
 Rochet 
 
 RocbtOuiciut 
 
 Rtchcfort 
 Mnj'ccnij 
 Ronton 
 RbulftC. 
 North Cape 
 
 JUiUila 
 
 SAbaudii. 
 SagalalTos. 
 Sagttillurii. 
 Sth. 
 
 Sala aut Sell], 
 Salamii. 
 Satamis. 
 Salaflii Pop. 
 Salde. 
 
 Sawy 
 
 Mtrutdra 
 Sale 
 
 FMtiaiMfta 
 Coliire 
 
 Allitr 
 
 29s 
 4J9 
 
 8d 
 
 17? 
 
 401 
 
 SJ 
 17 
 4' 
 95 
 
 97 
 J» 
 
 5<5 
 193 
 
 7 
 
 n 
 
 17 
 
 HT 
 
 78 
 ibid. 
 
 J2 
 
 83 
 340 
 451S 
 271 
 
 >°4 
 
 * ti 
 
 17 
 
 3« 
 
 96 
 
 $5 
 ibid, 
 ibid. 
 i3j 
 157 
 
 68 
 207 
 
 9« 
 96 
 
 95 
 4«3 
 
 g2 
 
 108 
 311 
 
 ♦17$ 
 
 343 
 ♦11 
 
 327 
 
 *'73 
 
 ♦174 
 
 *IJ 
 
 4«$ 
 
 143 
 
 !I79 
 
 Salioac. 
 
 Salmaotica. 
 
 Salmurium. 
 
 Salooa. 
 
 Salutis Foot. 
 
 Samaria. 
 
 Samarobrina. 
 
 Samoi. 
 Ittf. 
 
 Samofata. 
 
 Sanitiuro. 
 
 Saotonei. 
 
 Saracoffa. 
 
 Saiabiii. 
 
 Sardis. 
 
 Sarmatia. 
 
 Saraia Inf. 
 
 Sarrii Pop. 
 
 Satnrnia. 
 
 5calabi(. 
 
 Scalooa. 
 
 Scamaadria. 
 
 Scandia. 
 
 Schaphufia. 
 
 Schedii. 
 
 Sclivi Pop. 
 
 Scodrus Mons. 
 
 Scudera 
 
 Scupi Looia. 
 
 Scychica Stagni. 
 
 Seba(l!<. 
 
 Sebiflnpolii. 
 
 SebufTiamei Ager 
 
 Secantia. 
 
 Sedunum. 
 
 Sedunann. 
 
 Stgcloacum. 
 
 Segobriga. 
 
 ChifltrHeld 
 Satamanit 
 Saiimiir 
 Caftri 
 Hail hen 
 
 Amitnt 
 
 Cefbalogin 
 
 Scemffat 
 
 Sent^ 
 
 Saintet 
 
 SfracMje 
 Tort _ 
 
 Poland, iyc. 
 Garnfe; I. '" 
 
 Italj 
 tcmtarem 
 
 Ajcalon 
 
 20 
 335 
 
 94 
 
 '94 
 25.29 
 
 74 
 4J2 
 •12 
 
 *H 
 118 
 
 109 
 
 ♦rf 
 
 5« 
 
 349 
 348 
 
 *n 
 
 Hiirwaj and Sweden ^is 
 
 Stagoa Scytliica. 
 
 SU mp.1'. B.flamfis 
 
 SlapuU. EjUtU, 
 
 Siariocanui Portlu. .':;. t'ol <ft 
 
 StephiDopolis. CronWi 
 Stcrdoiuium. (-''j?'' 
 
 ^trigonium. i>r«i 
 
 Strophadcj Infulx. — — 
 
 it 
 
 Scbjffhaufen 
 Rofeth 
 
 Chimera 
 
 SHvai. 
 
 La BreJJe 
 Situenxa 
 Sion 
 Segbill 
 Littlehnrrow 
 Segorbe 
 
 Segoaciaci Pop. Brit. — 
 
 Segootium. Caernarvon 
 
 Stgnrium. Suia 
 
 Segulunotum Kanum. . 
 
 Scguftero. Sifltton 
 
 Scleucia. ' 
 
 Seleucia Trachea. ■ 1 
 
 Selgovz Pop. Scot. ■ 
 
 Sdia feu Sala. 1 
 
 Setltica. 
 
 Senus. 
 
 Sephagia. 
 
 Septa. 
 
 Septcmpeda. 
 
 Sequana. 
 
 Xamtra 
 Sbannon R. 
 Saplen^a I, 
 Centa 
 S. Seurino 
 Seine R. 
 Setaatiorium Lacui. Winderture 
 SicyoD. Bafilica 
 
 Sidon, Sajd 
 
 Siena. Afna * 
 
 Siga. Humambar 
 
 Siga Fl. Tefne R. ♦ 
 
 Silenui. Ijlenos 
 
 Silius Fefula. Fitfoli 
 ^ilures Pop. Brit. . ~ . ■ 
 Silutnm Venta. Caetwtnt 
 SipootM* Nornm. Manfrtdania 
 Sinus Aftacenui 
 
 23s 
 
 ♦ 188 
 
 443 
 
 4JO 
 
 470 
 48t 
 * 10 
 
 •7 
 Id 
 
 III 
 39 
 
 59 
 
 3:7 
 
 • '3 
 
 104 
 
 * 50 
 *ii 
 
 47 
 
 * 174 
 335 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 'Dunus. 
 
 Vararia. 
 
 Sifia. 
 
 Sitonigui. 
 
 Site lies Pop, 
 
 Sittace. 
 
 Smyrna. 
 
 Sole aut Pompeipoiii, 
 
 Solodurum. Sthlbkrn 
 
 SondriTio. 
 
 Sorbiodunum. 
 
 Sparta. 
 
 Spiga. 
 
 Spiox. Sfitbam 
 
 liuntfltj 
 Murray Bay 
 Sif'g 
 Tbetford 
 
 Jfimr 
 
 Sondro 
 Old Sanm 
 Mfitra 
 
 4C2 
 
 'I* 
 189 
 
 99 
 37 
 
 4*1 
 ♦18 
 
 * 190 
 178 
 
 ■ 176 
 ♦11 
 278 
 7 
 40 
 300 
 *6 
 35 
 
 sa 
 
 44$ 
 
 3$ 
 
 * 51 
 ♦7 
 
 * II 
 234 
 237 
 
 V? 
 
 Scuccu. 
 
 Succia. 
 
 Sucvia. 
 
 Soevio. 
 
 Suiooet Pop. 
 
 Suilia. 
 
 Sulloniacx. 
 
 Sufiana. 
 
 Syderos. 
 
 Sylva Ducii. 
 
 Syl»ane(tum. 
 
 Sylvanla. 
 
 SyDope. 
 
 Syiii. 
 
 Syrtes. 
 
 nltritk R. 
 Sireden 
 Poriugjl 
 Schffabcn 
 
 SchV,:lX. 
 
 Brtik'')-H'l 
 
 Bcii-Ie-Dnc 
 
 Senlu 
 
 Vniieiwatd 
 
 Sinate 
 Soune t 
 MuellatA 
 
 T. 
 
 TAcipe" 
 Tiidmor 
 TaUbriga. 
 Tamarca. 
 Tamara. 
 Taotabrigo. 
 Taphros. 
 Taprobini. 
 Tarbellic*. 
 Tarraco. 
 Tarrococenfii. 
 Tarfus. 
 Taurica Cherfcnefu!. 
 Taurir.i I'op. 
 Taunnuin. 
 TeatJ. 
 Telmcflut. 
 Tcio i^/ittiui. 
 TenieO. 
 Tcmpfii. 
 Tenedoj. 
 Terncdoruni 
 
 Cahex 
 Mayd 
 
 Taluverj 
 GMArikla 
 Tamarton 
 Bragm^i 
 Pr^ecop 
 Cejhn I. 
 Vax 
 
 Tarragona 
 Fart 4, 
 
 pain 
 
 Belgrude 
 Citta di Chietl 
 
 481 
 
 97 
 
 T» 
 
 Leon 
 
 90 
 
 441 
 
 ilJS 
 
 4,8 
 
 4d2 
 
 4i 
 
 349 
 354 
 
 133 
 22 
 
 45" 
 138 
 
 ea 
 
 135 
 
 •y 
 
 '4 
 184 
 
 ',,(.1 
 V-t 1 1 
 
 ♦ 17 
 
 3J« 
 
 *«94 
 
 8 
 
 555 
 
 481 
 
 * 125 
 
 110 
 
 324 
 
 3'r 
 •• II 
 
 480 
 241 
 469 
 199 
 
 ' K 
 
 119 
 
 177 
 I9S 
 • II 
 
 Teutliramia. 
 Teutoncs PoP 
 Thabuna. 
 Thanatos. 
 Thebar. 
 
 Toulon 
 Tremecen 
 Dancala 
 Bofciuda U 
 ad Hermootionem. 
 
 #9 
 
 «■ 31^5 
 
 TeteQa •178 
 
 Thanet I. 17 
 
 Tfiebes or Stivti. 454 
 
 • 190 
 
 — — /F.gyptiacz. Said 
 — Phthicicx. Zitltn 
 ThebJii. "Opper .^gyjt 
 
 Thcniifcyra. fan^gorit 
 
 ThermaGalaf. — — 
 Therm* Int'eriorei. Baden 
 
 453 
 
 • 190 
 
 • 10 
 * 9 
 '94 
 
 241 
 
 450 
 
 46$ 
 
 • 178 
 
 $» 
 
 •9 
 334 
 l6t 
 
 Tifcroum Tiberiaura. CItta di Cajiellt 
 
 38S 
 TIgranocerta. Sultania ' *9 
 
 Tigurinus Pagus, aut Tigurum. 
 Znrich 2)1 
 
 Tingii. Tangtr • 1 74 
 
 TipiHui. Sola • 179 
 
 Tlpofa. Ttni^ • 178 
 
 Tobiui 
 
 Thermarium. 
 
 Baden 
 
 ThelTalonica. 
 
 Salonichi 
 
 Thracia. 
 
 Romania 
 
 Thuduca. 
 
 Tebiait 
 
 Thule 
 Thyatira 
 
 
 
 
 Tiburicium- 
 
 Nagtra 
 
 Ticinum. 
 
 Pavia 
 
 I 
 
XVI 
 
 Ofthe Ant tent Latin Names of 
 
 Tobius. 
 
 Tolofj. 
 
 TiiruDum. 
 
 TofiJtii. 
 
 liJchi (litis 
 
 Tri;ei:tuin ad Mafjm 
 
 Trajfrtui. 
 
 Tfjllts. 
 TMnfiflilioa. 
 
 TMptZUf. 
 
 Ticcori. 
 
 Trcmnnii. 
 
 TicvirJ. 
 
 TricjtTis. 
 
 TridcntuiTl. 
 
 Trimontium. 
 
 Tnaicrii. 
 
 Tow; R. 42 
 
 Thmltuie 1 1 2 
 
 Sbtpi) I. 1 1 
 
 — - * 25. *l» 
 
 M*tj\mbt 
 
 '»9 
 
 Rhcnum aut infeiiui. 
 
 Vtmbt 
 
 OUh»iy 
 
 VAccJti Pop. Hifp. . !■ J28 
 
 Vicomagi Pop Sect. — ji 
 
 Tn\mtr 
 Vonmuni 
 Trkt, 
 
 Trtrt 
 
 fitiffofali 
 Sialy I. 
 TriuoliiOtM Pop. But. — — 
 
 Tripolis .Syti*. 
 
 TripoQtiuin. Turctflir 
 
 iS 
 
 •9 
 \66 
 •10 
 
 89 
 
 ai7 
 
 l33 
 
 1.77 
 3PS 
 471 
 $01 
 
 7 
 
 •17 
 
 17 
 
 Vacui. 
 
 Vjf>nticcr. 
 ViicotM. 
 
 180 
 
 Villi* K 
 
 SegMorum See^ ji 
 Tit mnh p^rmf Grut 
 
 BtiUin 
 
 Warms 
 
 Ti il'jutit Ufliuia StHthamptin-IJarbMr 
 
 "i 
 
 Trojs Alexindiix. 
 
 Tfo^lodytiij. 
 
 Troji. 
 
 Tuhilli. 
 
 TuJtohius. 
 
 Tucti-. 
 
 Tu^iuiii. 
 
 Tulilu^gium. 
 
 Tui^uin Lcucotuin. 
 
 Tun^crum ACuaiicj. lontiet 
 
 TuonorcKum. Tmmoutb 
 
 Xurdc. Ttkii 
 
 Tuidctani Pop. _— 
 
 TutonciautTuroBicj llibs. Tours 
 
 TurriJ. 
 Torrid i&. 
 Tutrij Julia. 
 laki H 
 Tiifculam. 
 Tutcl/s 
 Tyrj!. 
 Tyiur. 
 
 Q»iUlal..ura 
 Vibs 
 
 I'luxill) 
 
 * 6 
 ' II 
 
 \6i 
 
 • 6 
 358 
 
 42 
 
 i6 
 
 ii^ 
 
 118 
 
 i;(5 
 
 MS 
 
 i9 
 
 iis 
 
 94P 
 
 ?jO 
 
 ibl 
 
 abS 
 K.8 
 479 
 ' 18 
 
 Vjogioncs. 
 Varit^um. >— • 
 
 Vjraria Sious. MMtri) B*} 
 Varini Pop. «^— _ 
 
 Varis. H-dvuri 
 
 Varatuin>,„Sj Btf^t 
 
 Villinium. , Oatimk 
 
 Vcdra. .' Htrt R. 
 Velabii Pop. Hibera. — — 
 Vellinoium Uibi. Pujt 
 Venctix Gall. yenntt 
 
 Ital. yaiite 
 
 Veoniaium Ptomont. >— • 
 Vcoloalio tium. tSefaiuon 
 Vcata Bclgarum. H'inthfllcr 
 
 •— .Icenoruni. Collar 
 
 — Siltiruiii. 
 Veia^ii lop. 
 Vcfijilij. 
 Vtrlitcio. 
 Veromelum. 
 Veftera. 
 
 Caer Wt»t 
 
 7 
 191 
 
 106 
 
 2IU 
 
 44 
 
 Io-» 
 
 J4 
 116 
 
 168 
 56 
 
 'J 
 
 2$ 
 41 
 
 1: 
 17 
 
 WominSir 
 
 Burrm-Hill 
 Biwib Miitter Stumort 
 
 St. Albant 
 I'er'nuex 
 
 T. — *** 
 
 SMniAiica 
 
 VieJa 
 Aire 
 
 I'<chk<itbl. 
 I itrejt 
 
 Aire 
 CritUtb R, 
 
 Vcnimalium. st. ahms 21 
 
 Vcfana. I'er'ituex ic8 
 
 Vcttonts Pop. — — 3,j4. jjd 
 Vcttonum Ucbt. SMniAiica yi^ 
 
 VelulJ. ZlieJa .^t 
 
 Vjco Juliui, Aire icf 
 
 Viftorii. I'<ckk<itbl. a 
 
 ViOoriacum. I itrey 88 
 
 Vicui Aquanm. Vilt* j$S 
 
 Vidogara. , y^iVf 5J 
 
 VidiMl .. UodJibR. ji 
 
 Vkodi Allokogum. yieiiiie ii) 
 
 VilJj hjullinii St.£.JtH»ds but} 24 
 
 Viiidtrius. knacl; fttffi-Bt} 86 
 
 Viudclicoruin Augulia Ambiirf 1^5 
 Viodiimm. _\ „ JMan» . yj 
 
 VindobJij. 
 
 Viadobou. 
 
 ViodocJDum. 
 
 ViodoeUdia. 
 
 Viodolaoa. 
 
 Viodomina. 
 
 Viadonum. 
 
 Viaovium. 
 
 Vim. 
 
 Virrcdium. 
 
 Vitaruin MoDi 
 
 Uliarius. 
 
 Ultrajetluni. 
 
 Uljirippo. 
 
 llria. 
 
 Vndix Pop. Hibern. — . 
 
 Volan:iuni. ..>_■_ 
 
 Volchii Pi J' ffaj. 
 
 Volturcna V-ll<i, I'alttiite 
 Vcluba. Vol mouth 
 
 Vclunlii Pop. H'j. 
 
 VorpaDiiuni 
 
 WMllfEml 
 
 vu»»* 
 
 Ir'eniitint 
 WinbttH 
 
 OU WiacbtjitT 
 
 I'iiniia 
 
 SiUelitr 
 
 Biiiibcjitr 
 
 Bit 
 
 VHUb; 
 M itttmtirg 
 
 OUrtn I. 
 Virtcbt 
 Liibrn 
 Sai R. 
 
 VoriTufi.e 
 
 Uratillivia 
 
 UrbifJ. 
 
 Urbs Vctuf 
 
 Uici. 
 
 Urcinium. 
 
 llr^o. 
 
 UitcoiiiuDi. 
 
 urji);ium. 
 
 Ucici. 
 
 Hi'-Jlitv 
 J/ummUur 
 Orueta 
 Ali/iifi* 
 
 OoscHi I. 
 Wmtttr 
 
 Ca]4 de Aiuet 
 
 Vulgantiuin Apta. —^ — 
 llxima. Oimo 
 
 Uxentill'coa. 'VjliMt I 
 
 U«lla, ^■^ 
 
 Uzcila. Ijffwiibtt 
 
 X. 
 
 .)ij 
 
 'Anthiu. — ^1_ 
 
 19 
 
 too 
 
 94 
 10 
 
 39 
 
 a 00 
 
 • ? 
 
 47 
 
 $8 
 
 »«4 
 
 9T 
 
 ltf| 
 
 357 
 
 •169 
 
 5<» 
 
 38 
 
 28, 
 
 2J7 
 
 li 
 
 iS 
 
 po 
 
 191 
 
 ao8 
 
 %7» 
 
 a87 
 
 344 
 304 
 305 
 
 S» 
 
 • 171 
 
 • 181 
 
 lao 
 
 33? 
 90 
 
 JO 
 
 $ 
 
 ♦o 
 
 •t 
 
 ZAryntlius. 
 Z(ph)ru. 
 Zcriuis, 
 Zilia. 
 
 Ml, ^^ 
 
 V-r.^tc 47, 
 
 rX <\ ■ .1.,1'it ... 1 t 
 
 ' .i.iuflJ^rt inmb, „/i 
 
 t.t. A .mr.!! 
 
 tr,"); . . .(iinti- ' : -. ,'( 
 
 is''.i--ji .l,:l^^J)l 
 
 5 . Vf'A .mui.i 1: r;afl 
 
 ■■■ ' •' ■ .Mll.'l -.M.!',) 
 
 -rit- 
 
 rwfl 
 
 — — ' .q kl i|p*'j« 
 
 X^r.Z 
 
 «iH*K 
 
 .iHli:..t2 C 
 
 . • An' 
 
 .('■n»;i? 
 
 .IJO') ;lTh'l?. 
 
.^I- G ., J -.A V 
 
 Id 
 
 19 
 
 
 SOO 
 
 
 94 
 
 
 to 
 
 itPn 
 
 39 
 
 
 aoo 
 
 
 >) 
 
 „ 
 
 •JJ 
 
 
 
 5» 
 
 »t 
 
 «'4 
 
 >>. . 
 
 99 
 
 j' 
 
 «*l 
 
 
 ?J7 
 
 
 •169 
 
 
 id 
 
 m 
 
 ?8 
 
 — 
 
 2», 
 
 le 
 
 »J7 
 
 lib 
 
 8 
 
 - 
 
 5« 
 
 - 
 
 90 
 
 
 J91 
 
 
 208 
 
 r 
 
 •.7» 
 
 
 387 
 
 .4 
 
 344 
 
 ,1 
 
 304 
 
 
 30J 
 
 
 i* 
 
 flier 
 
 •«7i 
 
 
 • i8l 
 
 » 
 
 lao 
 
 
 3?3 
 
 i 
 
 90 
 
 _^ 
 
 10 
 
 fw/ 
 
 • 
 
 I* 
 
 275. 46a 
 
 jy/i; 471 
 
 ,.- ...il 
 
 :-.lll>, oti 
 .fKSJI 
 
 iiHii- ' I. ri.iS 
 .m-i.'iiH 
 iblf II'' t ',"'1 
 
 muvi'iiH 
 
 •n 
 
 .; .• ilti'fjH 
 . uibi.fl(,T 
 
 Aa 
 
 ,{ ;;■•*. iu» rt* 
 
 f' r.-.|'! \*»,t. 
 
 
 XTll 
 
 In* n% 
 
 GENERAL IN D E X 
 
 O F T H E 
 
 PRINCIPAL MATTERS 
 
 Note, The Numeral Letters denote the Pages of the Iiurodiiftionj apd where art 
 Afterisk is adde-i to the Figure^ it means the Page to be in the Second Part. 
 
 . 
 
 A: - i,ji 
 
 ACtitnda Ktjal in Pirii 8a 
 
 AbyfrmU, fK. ^j tjjijitil b) tbt Portugacze 
 * «oi 
 —Cb'iflitHih Prtath'J thtre bf Philip thi tJmtb ibid. 
 Adim and tic, thtir Scfnlchrt * 104 
 
 Adriatidc 3f, »bnti (0 ntmcd 171 
 
 j4igypt, whtKt tbit Smt - 187 
 
 j€tQa JH»mn, it't Itmpms joj 
 
 . Afitca, irftriKf Ibut Ktme * itf ) 
 
 AginKmoon, Argos tht Metnfilh of bh Klntimi 461 
 A^biiui, iht Snrf afhis Im/Uini Chrl/l r» Edci\i , * 4$ 
 Air, Dftwiihn, Proptrtirt, &.V, xlil, && , 
 
 Aix U Chjptlle, or Aktn ■ Trulf tbtr* 66, 2«7 
 
 Akeo, tbt Stat tf Chcrkmatea aa?. fmrnt ff Batbt 
 
 »»7 
 : AlbigcoCet W Wifdcnrn, /Arfr Orr^ni ll) 
 
 . AleuDder tbe Great, wtert Us frj] Batttf mtb tbt Per- 
 ;: fom *6 wbtre Ut S(md ' it 'ii ^nrflftr ttW 
 
 ..!'• ■ <fl 
 
 . tfowfar be paffetl /Hro lodii ' 8$ trbtrt Wj w/l B«rf/ 
 
 and Aiirnur tftre placid ibid. 
 
 AlmiD, ir;briicf rJbf ^4me i/erfv'i ■ 7a 
 
 Amber, /Mni/ in Vruflii 404 
 
 Amhet Beadt, til d far Mtiief * ti? 
 
 AmizoiH, wfcrre tbiy.liv'd , ' .-^uj , ji^. 'Jo 
 
 Amizont Kiver i/t/lcrii'J \ 'lui^iA!: * I5I 
 
 .>:.AmiiK>aitei, their Cwntriy 'iv. ^•^^ ' t4 
 
 .-. Amoritn, their Ctuitrey ... ,\^w>^>- * '4 
 
 \- Rndei, or .Vomiuiii/ in Americi <<e/irri6W .^ . j . ^ * aSg 
 '•"r A. Andrew'/ Boner, remv'd to Scotlind ;;;tl/.r. •_ J° 
 «( Aogfei, /tAii if^iAom KDgliqtf mm'd^ fiier on|/ta<l(Xcwitro 
 
 I- J7' 
 
 ^ Anjoti, J^v 4iiii(xV M rir Englifh Crown 94 
 
 V- c Antwerp, i»V i/<i/» rrai/e/iwwfiiW '4° 
 
 ^ AmWVaJ/landi, why ft caiei , ., , * a?; 
 
 V '.Aqua-Re^tlit, w*; // dijj'lves Cold only xx»i' 
 
 &: Aquila (foo./, ifhtri tbe bej} ftfnd ' t^i 
 
 ^cAquileia, tow coaftderable anifntlf . ■. 1*7 
 
 crAquitiin Dutch}, it't Smeffun and ComifjjaM U the 
 '«v>>Eiiglifl) , \o6. 
 
 NiArtbiam, CbaraBer and Hifttry <ftbit ?ttflt . , * JT 
 h-. Archangel; ttoKnglim fir^ Traded f4ifA«i<< . ai ,,: 4*'* 
 1 ^feopigw CMnir<, at Atfieas ejiablilhf , .•„ 'i.-iji m;\, 45? 
 .;Atgoniiits, the Port vhenct tbiffyUil . .\-a wn ■ ;4J9. 
 
 . . • Hifim$i4 rt«ir»'v«£f','. ■ , ,. • M ,03;<..':i'5^ : 
 
 : -Arincnia, it'r Wiftor; and frr^a*, Sr«tt j ^. ,,,,*• 5J . 
 ,,iAraieniaDs, o/rfti-ir /le/ii;f«. , -ui-i\."4M'"'.V"*'. 
 
 Aflyriio Monti, ty ^j 
 
 Aiiieoi, f Ae i4ir of it itmm\abl) heallhf 454 
 
 Athcoiin , tli* Voundtrt of Law and Science ibid. 
 
 M\m Minnt defcrib'd "'195/^ 
 
 Au^uftao or Liitherao Con/rjl/^jii, phen and n hire made 195 
 Avignon, Popes refided there for Stvtnt) Teart 
 
 Aureng Zebe, his Hiflorj and Charter 
 
 bii Deatb 
 
 AuRrafia, i4iir;f »» Kame of Part of triace 
 AUflriao famil]!, HijUr} of it 
 Az«ph, it's Situation cotrtillj 
 Aaoret Iflrnds, their Dijcourj and Pefcrifthn 
 
 110 
 
 • 93 • 94 
 lo» 
 6i 
 aop 
 
 48a 
 3«S 
 
 4«4i 
 
 
 49 
 
 • 91 
 
 II 
 
 aj7i Sep. 
 •31 
 »59 
 lar 
 
 BAbel Toirrr dtfcrWd 
 ■fitb^ha defcrib-4 
 BmoiiDs in India, ii>(4f 
 
 Bath and Went, wbenVnited in tbe Bifh^'s title I 
 Bathi qjF D4X, no m^a/ ni Germany 174, 
 Battle of Spnrrs 
 Beemner, firmerlf a Lal^e 
 Belgium, vrhence fi named 
 Bell, peat one at Rbtien 69 at GhcQt 1 36 at Mofcow 
 
 4" 
 
 Bell at hot')*, [aid t» rtnief it'ifelf «iai»^ Calamitin ' )>) 
 Bcpgil, no Inch an , . , v,.v , . • ' 04 
 
 Bergh ro»n/, in Hungary '^'-'' , 435 
 
 Bermudas Iflands, hud tb$ nam* of Snmmer, from Sir 
 Gca Suouner* * 273 ttben tbe Cnglifh fettled theft 
 
 ibid 
 Bferte)e«a4< Areck, tbaw'dbr the \ni'»n 
 Bird's neft, (Edible) anomiOtini food 
 Bifcay. netfrr Cviqfur'dby tbe Moon ' 
 Bitumen, it's Katnre and life 
 filijfnti and Curlts, on Mounts Gerazim and Ebal 
 BoNTs ill RuiTia, tit Emperor's CouuceHtU^ . 
 
 KttfSK'W" •':^;^^';^'- 
 
 Braminei, are Indian PrieBi 
 Briril,.«toi d'itovtr'd 
 
 ^.V?-,u^ 
 
 .•94 
 
 'taa 
 319 
 xxi 
 •30 
 
 SI 
 •■,'. 
 
 .3" 
 
 Br«rtl|WI, CbaraOer cftbit People 
 '. tttii, bt» dtfceadtd to the E. of N4fl>W, ', 
 .^ctaign, /bow Vnited to tbe Crown af fntAt' . 
 
 "anitt, the (teit Trade ^oine tllfiwi » '?• 13^ 
 
 Bucaniers, tbeir Aaimt a'tf^fi tk;TSs^Auii it Amtfica 
 
 7' '■ uli.' ' ■ '^^ 
 
 timto'^ffile, a notable Ct'U* in Oamntt >^ )i8 
 
 (Burg-gtm, wfcol r •. . 
 
 rBttrguody kingdom, 'the S»ece ffloi 
 
 ' • Hiw it divolv'd to Snua 
 
 ' F 
 
 '"G*^.. .,.,..3;; 
 ^^jii.tjbcil'iv !.. .,^aj. 
 
Burguady Frnilnr, hm ttt^it'd by (i« Freodi 
 BurgaodtAiu, thtii Oni'nt 
 
 The INDEX, 
 
 IC3 
 
 10) 
 
 G. 
 
 CAcio, tht htft inwi *t CiMOi 
 Qdniut, tht Hilhtf tf bim 
 
 C4ii)«li, ibat CiitUtt dtlctib'd 
 Camtuk. nmcNUii that'i it* /T 
 
 Mtf. 
 
 *«8j 
 
 7< 
 
 Cimprarjljuaici, iio»rt<M« fjiXKi'^-i/l 7^, i|} 
 ClOiio, \t'i Anciini Stale, and Ike Nationi thai tnhabitid 
 it / U 
 
 Ctui 0/ Lingutdoc 111 /»'/ .SUket ' 1 1 i 
 
 Caul tllcmpKdfrm thi Don ro (A« Wolgi 418 
 
 CMHia /!fv»r, ItiCilHirffft ' -j • T^J°;* '3* 
 
 Ciinry /yy.ui</j, i>fcii ^'/iiivii 
 
 ir*r 
 
 Ciodarc, Syttn of .'Ctbiopia 
 Cindii, Ataiiiil "f if I Sieif 
 Cape Ooo«l Hope, vbt*, dijcner'd 
 
 ne Ctwtiij abilit it delcrlb'd 
 
 Ciracii, wbefi ill* btH Ck*o .' ' ' 
 Ciramaa Alufinui, a Nablemati if Lycaonta, 
 
 Jtm . 
 
 Caravaoi in A fia, Jtjtrib'd 1, %" 
 
 Ciimtlite Mml^i, vhnd </"«'</ ^V,'.^ J 
 Carthage, «» the (,ime with Tuirii ',7. 
 •WbtuUftvid 
 
 i-lj 1 
 
 ibid. 
 • aot 
 
 ibkh 
 
 ColumlHii, dlfctvtrtd Antcfici 
 
 Whire ht jitfl likchtd 
 
 Tit l!*ttit It liven bimfar Hanti 
 Cou^, the tnhabilauii Uiwittltd It CbtifiidnU) 
 Cinfa»iiiiniiki Fntilflmenti In Jipon 
 CoperDicui Syftim of tht Wurtd 
 Cophtitei, Chrilliannf l^^ft 
 Coptui, AKiinilj the Kamt of the C*pUtt Citj 
 
 Corinth, il'i ancient and ftfent Stall 
 CMtcVl, at Atcountof th.it Titttl 
 CMHaf Aldt if Vtaace. whal'tni whttrfealed, 
 doxioga, a falUMi Chiocfe Prince, hit hiflmy 
 Crau or Campi Lipidci, real Ariel 
 Cretani, hvtnioii 0/ Navitatiin, Atrnn, iyt. 
 CrefTy, battle there 
 Catteryci fa India, what 
 qyprtf, iti Kl»tdm of it ihen bj IC.IUch. I. 
 LM^rigoao 
 
 , iii 
 
 •74 
 •a;, 
 
 •xij 
 
 .-I,, 
 
 if. 
 • 187 
 
 •187 
 
 4*1 
 
 4«»i4«» 
 
 •54 
 
 •147 
 
 118 
 
 4=S 
 
 75 
 
 , •!" 
 to Cuy de 
 
 ♦ It 
 
 :i -^1.. 
 
 D. 
 
 CaTpiao^M, w*; ii'j tUlert »re tdrmfi ef equilWlht 
 
 •■77 
 Callile W Arragon, wbin Ihtfe ttuCroirnt Vtltii' 2ii, 
 
 ,,3?« 
 aialooia, r*» N««i/M of (■M,^ lf/» ; " v, ' u3^ 
 Ufe, where Obadiah Wi the Pttplieti . ■"..'''■'' ''■''^^io 
 Caucafiii Atouitain. difaib'd " "■ ' " '' "* J? 
 
 Cecropj, tht fwnder of Atheni, wftm ht Vniei " 455 
 Cbamberi of Accounti in trance, what and where feated 
 
 «J 
 
 Chimpai^Dc, hew comiey'd to the Freocb King , 80 
 
 CharleiTMign, bit Ailioni <i tnid Gfatidiw, '; ,'^3 
 €hiii, when dilctvtr'd •334 ChitriHet of 'fc/«" 
 *iiiir» • jas .. -/ifver CuBquer^^Sji rte logal '" H 
 
 Xl«i 
 
 '<}»</>» 0/ 
 
 F HameleQ, 
 
 /((/kcV r»;o a Cat e by a Piftr] 
 
 fthmt, ;oo Leapiei neater to Rurope /frxn (J^t tld'Ktint 
 
 . make It • 1J7 Number of it/ Cititi^ FM^, Wc. 
 
 -■ Ibid. Charalter of tht People •140 thjftrpof 
 
 4' Ww Tartar AMB^riw ♦141 4 MUrbli toOttlJtirt 
 
 ^. wr/iriomnjfW Melini . '114 
 
 Chrin, <** rtdce i»>*<r* he .fed Five TtanM. 
 
 Where be raifed tht Dantbter of Jaitm ibW.',' " 
 
 ht raifed tht Widm'i Sm • 23 . Whert W' Wl 
 
 Uzarui ♦ aa nirre Cf«Ai\ ibid. !,'*♦' 
 
 . ^ Wfrf r. /"*tt« / '^^'^ "•'""" 
 
 CbriPianily very edrly Vreach'd in\fA\t "• '""^ •o>'* 
 Cbufao in Oiioa, fiKf^Z/i EaS Mifi Cfmftny. lettledtUr't 
 
 C'cero, w*er« *< wis\ilti ajS Wiw E*W/ \'!|5i 
 
 Circle, of the Emplfi ^- -"■> ^>i ' u„ n. ,u,r^tj, 
 
 Ciftertian /Von^/, wJfn BW/rfi' ipK^V'? f» namti'''yf 
 Cloct at Lundco in SwecdcD,' iktratriHnMry MiMftw/ 
 
 *CI»th inambuflitle, ibtJttft,mlifmU.vu We^^''^ tfj 
 
 . e/o/A K/Wfor Mwj. ,, . 'T7~^ ; ' • ; '••M'^ 17 
 
 Cl<M,,wimtt),figk'- -^ ,,* .\-hV' '" ' •^"* 89 
 
 ,'.: . n* rr« anJ^miTcnltr l'';^^' ^•". .iV^^'jLf 
 
 ^: To!!?; iiv^*jjS*#«*/X»«re • '""f^- ^•••»« '"""■■^i. 
 
 Codrui K../ AtlKlft tfi5»«,, ,, , , ^ , , ,,. . d55 
 Coffee, itiTtte defcrited ' •^'^*^4^ 
 
 . C«<f«4M ofOxFord, f frf Awuilrr/ f^tmiphtti ' '19 
 , —Cambridge, rfiWo ' L'' *i 
 
 "jjlJoloffM 4» Rhodes, if* ai*i/amti '^ ^ ? i j 
 
 DAnewailr,' « ntraMr muient Walt in Slerwiilr 27' 
 
 Darlcn, where the Scoti endeavtitrtd to fettle ' 384 
 David, fK.J Ibi Placet of hit Retiriment when Peifeculed 
 
 by Saul » 31 *34 
 
 Sf, Oacidi, fomttime an Arch-Bijhpric^^ 
 Daupl\ioe, wberce fo mrnid 
 
 Htm etavtytd to tilt rMivn.ef Krioct 
 A'DaylnJi In tncempjffint the Earth 
 Dt)t6, tttTitle oftbtKJntt of Japon 
 Delphian daclt dejcribtd . ^ 
 
 'Dengtarli, when the Crttm wai made fttftditmy 
 Biaii the Areopagite, not in Vttncc at fiettitdtd 
 'Olfpotet, o/rte Morea v '.<.. 
 
 ' Deucalioi), Reitnd in TheHaly • ' '"i' ' ' • 
 
 ViamordHltiti in' GofMrfda, howdiittnit^,^'^!^ 
 
 The Minn 'defiribed, 4md Af.mntr of fittUt ■tbit.Stmtt 
 
 Diiuim^t joimd inVotnto ..li-.i:, 
 
 tintifmfltatWfMm, H's Main^di 
 Dieren Palace 
 
 t3)or*» Synod there' ' V.r • 
 
 iHtktj t^h tiui. ) bh Mlimt lit Ametin 
 l)ttelittk; #<wn (»i(/H t/iMt'Englint i >i 
 \bfifli^Htjof Mttfth 
 :Vfet ifthl'eiti^t 
 
 41 
 
 ibid. 
 
 ♦147 
 
 in 
 
 40* 
 ^6 
 
 59 
 4S7 
 4«t 
 
 >M9 
 
 ■ iF.8 
 
 158 
 
 * aS}, 184 
 
 xivii. 
 
 v> 198 
 
 f 
 
 I7f ^''i tt'itre teti -A vv ■• 
 
 V v%.v\.t. 'i,n„ 
 
 V/mV . ^ •.iBjM.M ,111 (til A 
 
 , B, ■ ii< Vinio\ .1 .'iiiA 
 
 ' ' vi I ,i\.uA njt.iiA 
 
 >|^Agle, Artifiiial one, that fh»4Mili<^ri ,e: „<72 
 ^ M^ The Earth, it't Globular fnm < ' <vii'\'' v.. ntiv. 
 ' .—~-'i'iSiibflance ^ ^t'w nuAt ,r»irrii'iinii*i, 
 
 ' ^((tfMi^e, c<w/e «/ i» c*' ' "5 ■«'^4» .i-'iiWH**. 
 
 ' arrrifMrft' "Smlrn* I'inr'i' ■!, 1 MimtVi. ^ , i'-.n#7 
 •" >—<( Jamaica ' >» i' -^ ■'> .^-ntft i';.-.!; riMMiy5 
 Bift, ' Bklfmt ef tie '>•%< « TiUt '^ «Mr iSmigliii 
 
 ' 474 
 
 i taft Indiei, »fc»i /fi:(?'f««*tf;f» -•Bi.-a:. , . M$ 
 
 Kc|( bar r<w(ire<t/, cnt^irof tndoflldi<.tr I'ti ,r|ii''.:iJ^ta9 
 
 VdelTa, aChri^an PrJMctfaUty in tbrHmn.'tfjittMfWtr 
 
 ■' ' V"0,-,- , ■' ff .!rli..-<,: f'#V47 
 
 -Idomites, Charalter aUttt/lflwftf'UlllIti' ,W ;: (li.jWVjtf 
 
 ' "KleSirn Court in Vtinti,'"Ml*t ii'>.>"A'.>ir , <«r4 ,<:i>iuoArf4 
 
 lEWF(#if'>*f :«r iniiph* '• I'l! . . . i" ,vAi>«(1 iiii'i ■'*y5 
 
 ''tltphmtt, tbt Statwt Mid Alt <f thtm * ffb! <: )7i(<r 
 
 ■ Nntiirt ■•'■':'" • 1 * -'.Vv •,;!,.•/,.,„. \-\ .■ , , iWd. 
 ' 'tJijah, the Phei ifhlt'BifUi • 9T Hmarrl4eMcrMW-ri 
 
 lie (ffrfiw'/ 0>l * a j» IViiert /M.^yJlMear-Vji 
 
 ■ Wienee *4<:fn K^'M «f/Wrf •'■,-. >. *'ja 
 ^bdeo, fometime tht ftaptt ft* BDgll(h<^4^ V - - aa4 ' 
 fin^rori 0/ Germany i*)"4 yhtEmfi/i!ot'rP.mtt' ifs 
 EmffroTf rtfided fometime at 'ttib»xoBi • , •lo 
 'Edghnd; lie Chttnian Keilgim pttntUiifri .. ^ i4*rfrM 
 
 ' State and firfl Inhatifanti 1,4 (7owr/iwr(i> -J, tf, 7 
 
 Saxon 
 
, Hi 
 
 if. 
 
 • 187 
 
 •i8r 
 
 4tfi 
 
 I3,42| 
 
 * 147 
 118 
 4=* 
 
 TJ 
 
 •91 
 
 Cuy de 
 
 4* 
 
 xi»i ♦ 147 
 IJ» 
 
 jt.ij.i :,f(tftf 
 
 . '; ' i9 
 
 ■■■ ♦$? 
 
 ' * *•* 
 
 kil^ ,1 1149 
 
 w.\> ,■, '."a 
 
 sslitv 158 
 
 *A%, i«4 
 
 • •« 
 
 xx»ii. 
 
 ><.\'-. .198 
 
 ^H ,111 (til A 
 
 )\ ,1 ..'ill A 
 kiA ivI.iiA 
 
 ,»flr,-:..:i.«7J 
 
 »)illrl' . 101. 
 ,niK iMXTa 
 1' .■\' v.ttj 
 
 r... ••'.MS 
 
 474 
 
 It-: ,i. ♦kBj 
 
 .'111 '. : '.ap 
 
 1..^ . f •*i47 
 or. U i!ii.;Tijtf 
 
 1 nii.'r '»75 
 
 .' ' ibid. 
 
 r '. 324 
 
 ^Fntit 175 
 
 I J," ufidrM 
 
 BW^-'-i, 6, 7 
 
 Snon 
 
 Sixon Htftarcbt i. Sucufiaii rf $bi Kini j. 
 glilh mmierii at Amboyda 
 
 7^-INJf^E5f. 
 
 'limi'.^a 
 
 
 i^ 
 
 %.■. 
 
 .4» J'uloCondore ......»••« ^ • u, 
 
 Eoelifti Em^Mu CamfMj what tbi) UttlflinUJ in Chioi 
 
 •»45 
 
 Ifiu, tbt Cmtitrif of hii Pofltrlty • ^6 
 
 Iffeck, it's Bridct dtfiiibed 44J 
 
 Eft4lei of KuDcc formerlj Hkf Ibi Englifli tarliamnt 
 
 t,th\of\tlit, ikiCbarMlltrof tbttrtffil • * 
 
 ■Sxbalaiion from tbt Earib in WiUi ^ ^V < '^' •'*' ' 
 l^\MSt*dfjtf\l>ti 
 
 SnArnefe (Alcif^ D. »f) ibt Smj bov bit {.Hit lilH fitvii 
 
 r 161 
 
 Verro, the lfl*iii »><« tbi Krcoch ft»cti thffMi AftriitM 
 ♦ 210. tit differtnce bttwttn that and TcanifT xii 
 
 iMrAlle, Sbtkt of Fh|b Mary ibtft much ttvitinttd 
 (My, tbt Anion of tht SiO tf 
 
 >44 
 Uibumctini frtm iim 
 
 Hiniljil, »*rr( he ^illtJ himfelf 
 
 HtDi'Towoi, irt«f 
 
 Mmt and Cold at tbt fame ttmi im the 
 
 W.rtt ran" >,V».i\<.4| \a 
 
 dl'li '. 1' 1 ' nf- 1 ,•(! 
 
 •^01 
 
 4J 
 •59 
 
 i.n' 
 
 /ilM* 
 
 HerculM f///4r/, white fttttd 
 
 Hetod, where jmiittn bjQtd 
 
 Hirydukei, what 
 
 Hindowi, tbt ancient Inhatitanli of 
 
 HhitM, thrir Coimtrt, 
 
 Mr/rm«i-/IH;, the Piffle (f Oolophoo txftit 
 
 tht Wrrliioi the ftmt 
 Rotieutott Charathr of that Ptofli 
 Humane Sacrtficfi \t'} peat modi tj tbt 
 
 India 
 
 br )t 
 
 * 6 
 
 176 
 
 Ut^kdi 
 
 * 107 
 
 * ai9 
 Moiifiioi 
 
 
 159 
 xxii 
 
 XXT 
 
 XXTli, &c. 
 
 ♦147 
 
 lOI 
 
 Conipier 
 tbid. 
 
 «87 
 
 fiatkir-FUiiiret, curioujlt madi 
 Pire, its froduHion, tfftlls, iSc.- 
 
 —~o] Subttrrmeimt Fires 
 
 ^—How it Diffolves Metals. 
 Fountains, the On fine of tbcm 
 FormoCi, « f articular Defcriplion of that tjlrnd 
 Fraoche Compte, when taken bt the French 
 Praou, whente they camt and vltf/o tallei tfi 
 
 Caul 
 Francooia, whence Demminated 
 France, Taxes and Kings Revenue $4. Government andCourls 
 
 tfj. Prauncei 67 
 
 Fceoch Kings, the Succeffiin of them from Pharamcod 
 
 61. 62 
 
 f'riiii Antiqui, rWr Cwm/ry .. . , ,., ,, idS 
 
 >,> I \i,iU»'Ti3 ni ;a;.iifnv(0 ti^'Ji ■. i. .v- y.v'> hikj 1; /[. 
 <k'i ' .- '■•lUvii ■■'.'■ :.\ ,iihi*«' •■■ 
 
 9-'-' \>Me\'iui!r\r\i" ■■^. > . i:i.»jl.:.^ 
 
 tj Galtl-Khd.'what '^" ■'• ■•*'\'^"- .-V^ • ,7 
 Epiiil Kpctrar, rri ftveral Di^^gis'SU OWmtii' Oaul £1 
 J jarfBurgMdiam ' 6t 
 
 Cauli, »ibe;r MKfrnf Lttnpuiit thefame rrftb tbt firitifli 59 
 Befitii tht Capital 60. Conqfttr'd b) the Romaai 60 
 Ctitrality in Krance, what £4 
 
 GcorgiaM, Chsualif -f •'-< o«»/. '' JJ 
 
 Gergefitei, rfcrirCoK"*!// ' . ., *H 
 
 GamaD. »*'•" '*'" *'"'*" ""' «"«'" 171 
 
 itfif, very imich in Mpooootapa * }|8 Md at .Sumatra 
 
 :4' ■'■.'"■. ,'•■ , ", ' '**«7 
 
 ■^Idtn-'Zli, wbyfoealhdiili'^ijat'mVilm ^■'^'^' Ist 
 di\iii), where kjirdhyOnii.'^^.^'' ,r~'- ''I ■'•V4 
 
 Jpotliifh Kifli< m SpaiB- Tj. .L'l ' "' ' '5ib 
 
 ^taio- 
 
 ■ , '«r 
 
 firanada. 
 
 finuid 
 
 ^ek Emperors ripdtd at Nic^/6 anit U'VViMoiti 
 
 T .',- ^; . ■■"•.■■' ,-,: *'>> 
 
 Craen-laiid, /onw Eoglini Vil^ri' tiire 1 439. nilafttidt 
 T.rftbt Cold, and lone KiMlm: '^ ™ '^iliW. 
 
 CtocnIaDden, <i CW^Sw 4':mttt((pU '"* ''*^ ' * jTis 
 Ouabrei, or «ncttr* Pctfiapa 'Wrfr M4|«^ ^'*) ■'■'■^'- <^ 
 Citlph. F4«i/,, -.aot^iA^IJ^'J'iff/^'VoVj^? 
 
 Cfmtttnmttd . . . ..." . .;' :.;*: • ^^f^'V 
 
 Hoff'iri, what 
 Hfjjt (JoIid; 
 
 Ma'-,i ^a*' 
 
 •r • 
 
 if, 
 
 ■i 
 
 I. 
 
 JAcob, irAere ie was mtt bftbe Angels • ;i. where be 
 wteftled with an Anitl * at. wbtre bt ma bis Brother 
 
 •-i'-*34 
 UcobtWeH » i, 
 
 Jiscobite Chrijliant, whente that SeH dtrrvtd • 4;5. f.47 
 
 •japon, Hillary of Hevolntion tbertt* ■$!. the Orandim of 
 
 the Monarch ibid. His Court described * 1 54. wAm 
 
 Cbriftianity expHitd thence * ij;. »i<ii KufO|Mam/li'/i 
 
 . ■•fradtd thither * 'SJ 
 
 Jioonett, « eharaBerof that Pitfii ' <^ iji 
 
 Jani6 VI. King of Scotland Marrjtd at ChriOina 
 
 lafcrAt Foynfe r« Goldiil '^6 
 
 "SttVidXcm, Its mcient State • 3J preftnt State •ai 
 IfflperialCMiDbtr', B>tar 177. where ield ip6 
 
 Imperial City, what 
 Indl'iiii, « CbaraHef^ </ Adt f(t//(. 
 tMoltao, tvArni-e riitr iviaii.< 
 Inga'nlf.o/ Peru, HifttrytftbttH' 
 
 Jbe Wifdim of thrir r, mernment 
 j^numJjtionAnnual in Syam * 117;' 
 
 
 ^76 
 
 91 
 
 X 
 
 89 
 
 laCochtochiMi^itS 
 nSuz * 171. i»itg)pt •224. AiNegtoland- ••205 
 at.JohaBaptiH-wtltrt'Buhiiidtd *'i<>.*V2 
 
 V>t<phi Stpulchrt , '. ^ }(.j^ 
 
 TrtlaDd /ir/i /'ri)/>/ri/ro»Britaia. .$». tSifftimtj .fitMi 
 Hbert ibid, andenfly very Leaned jj. «i4rM Cenfi^- %a 
 ;Ttivhices an^CiiUitHi 1 ••'. ^ ••!:•»• 
 
 ^roqnoii, rk Crwto/ of that People '^j j 
 
 JTafc, (ie place where Abraham inttndti t» SMCrifitklm 
 
 J r . • i 1 , !■ .>.iMml 
 
 lOimael, wbire bit Pofterlty lived •Ur. <'. > , ;.-, 1 
 "W^lite^/iir/, wiere tkt, ow ffir AMk Jf OtfUf 
 
 
 'Mr*, 
 
 ■■'» t\ ill «, ■). >vi,( .-iijyj i? 
 
 ' Vsmc/1 i..ii.uiaitsj»;i.vi. 
 
 ■ •.(■■i.iiniKiiT. i-\ 
 
 '7af 0/ ti^rRomaoi ii.Vio',i v. 
 
 k. Koox \Caf. Rob.) Mt actoimt of Ceykm 
 
 \ J . ' '1 . , n (J 1 ; J,' 
 
 ,4V. ■. I; ,v.i, •\ x>^ ,»rbDl Vfc»'-">«"» WV *> •••'' 
 
 %'Acqge, miat i$ is \v.i:,-\- 
 
 HL Utitndt and Lm^tude Ifci/t ." WH to Djfwgrf. . 
 <£«>; caUetf Czerfriekxepiit: m >«)|nluy ,r.of iww^wpil 
 '■^iBWarf ■■"■'. ■ .•..J.'. • ,.M) 
 
 Landiriye 
 
 ■(^•« ■ 
 
 J.n,i;iV 
 •♦tltoN' 
 ,lu..o« 
 
 ^\10I 
 
 3) 
 
 hn 
 
n 
 
 l> 
 
 "ik 
 
 Tifer INDEX. 
 
 Laadgr4v«, wbA 
 
 UpUadcrs, an Acctunt oftboft Peifle 
 'Lcpaoto, thtt'imui Batite tbtrt 
 iL'lbtniiif, Dctinitian if it 
 *Lithaanu, how uuittitt Polaod 
 Lotd-lltnt.ili Kitrnt 
 
 - Enquiry into ike ctMfcs «/ Ht yirtHt 
 
 »75 
 39 1 
 
 XKxiii. &c. 
 ibid. 
 Lodon ick Kfflj 0/ Hungiry. Vtjt~x:d b) I.': Turfci 4^9 
 Tit fatai cmjeifiiauis 0/ it ibid. 
 
 Lonl^irdt in Icily 3^9. Vii'iilbeMtUtfvltitftktitKki- 
 
 ^^"^ ■ -Msr. ,;<,'. .!v.- ^61 
 
 LuigrtuJeif Suritt arteOii ■■>-'. .i.v.m,, ^ vj*, ,{, •Sj 
 LoDtituJe 0/ mtnyjiljcts contUei ,j^^ j, 'j, xviii 
 
 Ltiwmd dthibtd ■-♦'•■si, -'■''.■,■ "6? 
 
 1.00 y»tacf , l6^ 
 
 Loretto, rA< tfju/t «/ fide C<r^ «ii tbt Shiiae that Ik- 
 
 fcrihcd 289 
 
 Lot, the Cavf wfrtr.- bt and bit DoKthtir retired • 54 
 
 Lwtiluo, <i (o/i'i tmftjinre ibert ^4 
 
 Kotiilijoa, nsf fi larff .i< Hcnepin repitfentt'lt * ' ;; 
 
 ifcOuvefteiDe fV/nn, wieiKf /o lumfi 1 ,.1,58 
 iMither rAfn and mbtrt bi t[i^jed Pofttj ,,,,^. -, j ji^ 
 
 
 . .1 
 
 '.-■« .fJo-iAT 
 • '-m li. 
 
 MAcao in Chini. tbe Sunday »k/f ii Satudi| In the 
 Chilipine IjlMdi 147 
 
 Madrali, 1A( IndiiO 7(«i«4l Fiffl ^/.Georgu • 1 14 
 
 Madrid, mttaCit) 929 
 
 Mtcltiicht, tibr Bifiiit'rick remivtd t» title 14* wbtutbut 
 TiWH WM rained b) tbt HolUodrrs ibid. 
 
 Mxgaillao /ir/} /4i/(ii roRMt (te £i>r;A * 319 wbett btDjti 
 
 * n% 
 
 Magellanic Straitbt, when Vifcivertd * )i6 
 
 Magdeburg IMcbji, biiv defcendtd u tbe M0<l>t(i ef finti' 
 
 drabcrg ' 111 
 
 Maite of the FaUce it Vriooe, ipba tbtHOfittvMi 6t 
 Maboinet bit Hijliiy • a3 
 
 Mihametaai vifit the Kiaaba at M«cc* m Dtvotion, ralber 
 
 tttn Mahomet*! Tomb 
 Malayan L*tit»»ie, mder^nd all <Mt loiAit ,■ 
 Malthi, iti Prtftrlits .,. ^^ ., 
 
 Mail!) Mies , wbinee derived -n \Wi:iv>.t^ 
 
 mJ. —tbtir Mautreby i% J^ffjfi ..r 
 
 MatijhKt Peafle if Vim,\M.<i, thmC^irtSir 
 Ma/iora {Sea of) tbyfanamed 
 Mfifltioi), tbtfvmur.Birtttt tbtM ,\ \.^\-, ^ 
 Jtt.ia^Mvt, irMa .■ «\ •,«;'•, , ,'. , vfe^' 
 
 .Marfcillei, !aid to be Fxndtd by,.^^ fttfU « ^mi* 
 
 ■='* ■■< Oi. .jp- 
 
 mi§tyr^$ Paii . 
 
 Wanick, flentijiilioScio 
 
 liaufolxum buitt by Artemefit V„H h U 
 
 Mejitemneali Set, it't Uniib, SCa. ji,.j ., 
 
 MelcliKidcc, tfhere bit Royal Seat >. ■ 
 
 Mcngrelians, ChataihtiftbatPnjk - ., 
 
 K^etmaidi, (len in tie Lake Ziire 
 
 Jdiridian, ste firfi Mnidimi Md at Ffrio 
 
 Jktmi, the Jet'eratli/tdt Jijir. 
 
 ,•4* 
 
 i.ni 
 
 lun 
 
 ■.U 
 
 ,mR9 
 
 ••57 
 
 .•,'■'14 
 
 Mexico Cff; difetihti • l«o M/J«f; «/ <»V Mmttrtbi '264 
 when Ci.nfiietri by tbe Sptoiards ibid. 
 
 Mice and Rati, t Wflnp 0/ McQtZ dtvmrtd bf 'ttf 1 84 
 
 •Mnaal Water f it Conrbon :~.t:x:cT^ . V «-; ^ 
 
 --urtSpiw .1', •\ '.•)«. IV, )^ •., .ill 
 
 MithriJates, wbmt burn and bmiti '9 
 
 MoabHes, thtlt Cmntrey 
 
 .'.♦ 
 
 Mo»!ul, Great Mugtl Emperatltf lodit, Vt Ptwtr, Wtaltk, 
 
 (re. •51*92 tflSaij (f tbt[t MUtmth * ?2-j 
 
 1 ' \Ut tkb Thrme dff(rihed i,»iii.« ■>u,ji."i*47 
 
 j[^Mandc«<, #<» R ftetffcii t»irr ■ li-jitU V^^ '^lu'ui ^14 
 
 fMbotraoiiM /Co/ Mcxkn, kl: Mdwy ■,^^.\£4^i 
 
 .iliibaf.1. 
 
 . ~«i» if «ffff J (te Tides 
 Mm, MDMtaini eftbt Mm in Aftlo« 
 Moon, vfbtn tbej Invaded Sptht 
 
 J ' lil'l u. 
 
 311 
 
 r\'^M >nV v^tn^i.^- 
 
 '.•i.1 rflil- 
 
 NAotei EJia, irJbM wj/c 
 Naptha, it's Proftiiiet ' ^ 
 
 Naliau, OK Acctiait tftbai family 
 Navel 0/ tbe Earth, if by Detpti Jo ailed 
 Naiiigatyi round tie £artb 
 Nenixaa Oamei 
 
 Neftorian Cbriliiaai, whence that SeS ekrhid 
 Ncultria, Ancient Name «f fart of Vnnce 
 Newbury, COuke ofj bis Three ^Danifittts 
 
 K^inis, <trc- 
 Nile ilnflr, it's Source •101 
 
 Of its oxerflovini 
 
 Niger, R. tt. Source • 105 
 
 Nimcguenricafir 
 ^'ucfch dcfcnbed 
 NIfre, /»» Wade, iyc, 
 Noah'x A>li_, where it refitd . 
 Nntmtti, nbtrt they grtm 
 mmm.tbt Tret and fnit de^Hed 
 
 XXT. 
 
 4$« 
 
 *4S> 
 
 /' 
 Afanied to 
 
 '99 
 201 •214 
 
 H tvtrfii»iKI(fthe Nile 
 
 ibid. 
 
 ^5 
 
 s«xt. 
 
 »/'i tW/ip 
 
 I.ii'l i>^. 
 
 
 
 ^^•aJl^ 
 
 
 •-« 
 
 Og Kint of BaCin, Wx Ceuntrej ^ , , 
 
 Olympiad Games, and thence Olympiads « Cbtmlny 4ip 
 Orao /* Africa, taken by tbt Moori * 179 
 
 Oraog-Outan or Suv^^e Man^'where found • 109 
 
 0/|<», A very larie cue at Ulm ipx 
 
 Ormuj IJIe, fometime ftjftffrd by tie PortOgaese * U 
 
 Where tlx/jtttitd ajttr tbt Coji of ii 
 Ottoman, the Hijltry oftiiKjfe 
 0»id, where Biailhed 
 
 47* 
 
 .■irsnu/i ■ 
 
 8 
 
 
 ,M M 
 
 'Ml*:' 
 
 ("It-B 
 
 PAf(od« dR fodiao Cahi, WiValut 
 Palatial of Oithtx, hit Pewit 
 
 Palatine offbf Rhine, m^l| «>i BleSer 
 Palcflioe, wbence that lUite , 
 
 Tbe Ronun Atetropclit of it \ \, 
 
 Papal M*4rc>>y, Mijlor^ ofiti kSfetiit Jft^&tte 
 Pi^firjlifiadt, wbeumA^fl^re .' ' 
 
 Paoathcnati Oames ' ' , ' ' 
 
 Paradice, where featid '^ "■^ ','"'■' • 
 
 Paradict of lodiit, CafTimeef fofiitl ".'"" "" " 
 Parchment, mitnted at Vttg*ti\at ^ ' 
 
 PatUmmti ef Vra nee, Jbitir VMii; astf nirr/ 'j^a/mT 
 '••afnaffM'ilftiiii; rf<'1riW 
 Pafquio a Statue (it tloiiA win Co talM 
 Pearls, when ibebfflaHjmf 
 Peffer, the Tree and fmlt Mciiiei 
 Peegimut, the aett iBrM). there „ ' 
 IPerfimi, CimSte^ofijuiti^e '''' ^"\i<"^ ''• 
 Eerfcpolii, iti anciint and frtjeitt .Vitt " ''''y-^ 
 Peruviani, CharaSer of that People 
 St. Peter, tvbere he cured /4io*a» 
 St.iVttet's Church at Rome defcrited 
 PhttfMm Battle 
 PhMiciraa, ril'eir treat hfinnity 
 

 3lt 
 
 !.■■« 
 
 !'« .'u ,.<;. 'i* 
 
 IB 
 
 186 
 4jtf 
 
 „4*» 
 
 /*i 
 
 4? 
 
 f^* Mm'ita ta 
 '99 
 
 nKliitht Nile 
 
 ibM. 
 
 11 <c 
 
 tJT.; 
 
 <S5 
 xcxf. 
 
 twiif \'\ jt, • 
 
 if-, 4# 
 
 •109 
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 ♦m 
 
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 t8, L 
 
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 •17 
 
 l»hilirpwiM, 
 
 ^745. 
 
 S, V , 
 
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 454 
 
 •1; 
 
 tolippiani, E0th, mhtrttMeity 451 
 
 Miietefai rte Enmcb, eriftti tkt Khiclim 4 Vttyumu 
 
 Rtiliftioei, (Mr CmirHrey defcHM • 9$ 
 
 fipntf Hameleo, « mUblt Stttj 118 
 
 riatex, (»r Btttk tbtrt 
 
 Pompcy, ftr p'<i» of bit Dtntb and Burial 
 
 Pottugone Difeovery »f lai'u 
 
 Potott, ibe We*ltb tjf tbt SUwr Mbit tbat 
 
 Tbe Potter's fitU 
 
 Prefidiil in France, vtbat 
 
 Vrcfter (John) wbmt that Vmm * lo 
 
 Pt'.ntiin invenlti 
 Proteflant, ifbtnce that Numt 
 Ptolemy V Syflem of thi Vniverfi 
 Provence, /»» convtjtd to thi French King 
 Pyrrhemian rre^r/ 65 Whtumtit 
 Fjmmidt if Egypt defcrltei 
 
 iW 
 
 mi 
 
 
 >l!>.> 
 
 ,1%. 
 
 ;i 
 
 WHK 
 
 •»(>8 
 
 *3J 
 
 <4 
 
 •/ bim 
 
 • ao» 
 15$. 171- '84 
 
 ill. 
 
 117 
 
 ^V9 
 
 ■•-. 'j>i » t 
 
 tiaai MM 44^iMr 
 Sinalctlcka iM^Ne . 
 
 folecirme, vbtKce tiiH.mti . 
 
 Sophy, (ibr farmr Title ef tbe J^ ^ Pcifii, niiii* /*" ^tf 
 
 .'*4 
 .'ipain vtrjfnitfnl Xftf 
 
 « little part if u uUid Kaio.pf, iUbve 
 
 is 4 Cmntref jMd ta btiie btm long nn^wii 
 
 Sttmioti, jMfietime m Vnrunfitf 
 
 Steil at Japon i/cr; txcfUvt 
 
 Stone, the Naturt tiid Pnpertf of it 
 
 Sflfbm, itt KatHre 
 
 An, jvl^rre itftted ftiH «» J-jBmrfJPtU^lf 
 
 Suratt pillatt^ if Jkvfgy 
 
 Syria cMijuertd bj the PerCaai, 6ic. .1^ 
 
 f yri an «<■<< w/Jrf** M l^KsaSfA, . c' « v. 
 
 rt 
 
 t.' 
 
 3' 8 
 
 at 
 
 • i}i 
 
 xxxUi 
 
 xxi 
 
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 •« to. ~ 
 
 QUick-Silver, if/ ITWiirf, (gc. 
 
 QfiiclpSilvcr Mites 
 
 
 R. 
 
 RAjaporct in India, i»Aa/ 
 Raibootn in India, /(t« w^n R»f}ia 
 Ram, reafon of tbe Rain) Monfaoni in India 
 Ra'mboiP, Saturat Account of it 
 Rtformatlon of Religion in Cercnany , an 
 
 Rhioocero'i, that Beaft defcribed 
 
 Rhodci, tbe Knights of it remmed lo Maltha 
 
 Rio de la Plata, or tbe River of Plate difcribed 
 
 Rotne dtfcribed 
 
 Roupie an Indian Cm, it's l/'alnt 
 
 RalTiz, vbence thtt Name 
 
 TAincrlan, bit Life and A!H4's 
 ——bit Royai Seal ai Sauiarciod 
 T»t*flr) invented at Pergamui 
 Tallow- 7>w in China 
 Tartan, Origxne, Character and Hifior) of that 
 
 vbence that Vame 
 
 Telle (WiliA of SwifTetland, condtmaed to fhoot an Apple off 
 Us Sons dead 
 
 -•*7> 
 *8(» 
 
 ♦J37 
 
 People 
 
 • 6t 
 
 ibid. 
 
 ibid 
 
 • 90 
 xlv. 
 
 Account tf it 
 
 * 90 
 •u 
 
 •318 
 
 ' pi 
 41) 
 
 91 Tenet iffe, the Peak or high Mountain on it 
 
 319 
 Difcribed 
 
 348 
 ^6S 
 
 ,1 \ 
 
 '«3 
 
 SAIique Lavf, vhat, and trtj fo named 
 Salt, itt Prope'liet, <!yc. 
 Samaritan Ttmple, where it flood 
 Sarazent, Cbar uSer of that People 
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 Schirai Wint, exIraor^Snary good 
 ScUii, People powerful in Kurope 
 ScliToniaa Langnage, exitndt verj far 
 Scoti W Pifls 4< ScotirrtdifMriif ScytWa 
 Scotland Peopled from Iceland 
 Sea, Nature and Prtpertiis of it 
 Seleucia, not tbe Succefjir of Babylon 
 Sepulchre of $cheich-S«fi exceeding ritb * 69 
 
 tbe like • 71 Of Iman Rira, tbe fame • 7 
 
 miiody, ditto 
 Sevtgy, tbe Indian R<i]a, bit Hifttry 
 Sheba (Qfetn of) juppojid l» be of Ar<bM • 4). <7f >Ethiopi« 
 
 Shells paft for Monep 
 
 SicllifD Vefpert 
 
 Sidon, tbe inttnuity of id Inbabitantt 
 
 iiiret Mnet * a5J-««7« »»9' 
 
 •»— ni Mmer «fRef\mgthiqt\ ■ 
 
 <5j 
 x«ix 
 •30 
 • »7 
 4»i 
 *1i 
 
 ^} 
 Mi. 
 
 a 
 
 uxix 
 
 of Fatinu 
 (/Gogea- 
 
 • KG* 
 
 * 110 
 
 Terra-Lemnia, an ejleemed Medicine 
 Tercera Ijlandt, vide Azore* 
 
 Ttirff, a Monument of Merchant who gave loooo Ducatt 
 
 fo r n Vrauifit oj Water » 1 ^6 
 
 .?frThomasjirMiW?)ilndu *-8|- iHntji'd t&U^it^ia 
 
 *ii4 
 
 Throne of Great Mognl vtrj rich * 97 
 
 Thule, >ArW«r>ii-E<i/'P*"o/ Scotland 53 
 
 Thunder, tbe canfe of it SCc. ilviii 
 
 Thnnderbolt Def.ned Jilis 
 
 Tide, tbe reafon of it examintj xl 
 
 Tide, four feveial Tidet at tbe [am time in the StrMgjHt 
 
 Mouth » 15* 
 
 ^ . RenifnrkaUe tUt 't Nrgropont 465. wonderfnl fwift at 
 
 ]/\^ Clmbah • lot 
 
 Tolu^alfjifl, whence brought * 384 
 
 Tree in lodit, wbi[e Brantbet Jioep down a^dtakf frefh Rtot 
 
 ^ 91 
 Trees a Walk, of them me hundred and ftftj Leaguet long 
 
 *97 
 Tranpitt fimd, when tbe Grand Cham has Dined, igt. 
 
 Ibe Turki 
 
 •■• 
 fit 
 
 Turb, mfiorj of their Kifeand Prtpefs 
 w—— — Government and Cnflmt »f 
 
 Turkifh Kings refided at Burra 
 
 TmiiaSUiiudom J PaijiafcBt ^_^_ 
 
 Turkilh Sultans rtfided at Iconlimj. 
 Tyre, itt RevcluHont andprifent State 
 
 an 
 
 .217 
 
 apt 
 »i8 
 
 ryo, 198 
 
 
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 VAud<di,«UrWi]dfnfei 
 
 Velfen, a Conntrf in America, |h«ii to tkat famUt 
 
 Venice, when fymded a4} 
 Fmmmhh Crtttwe, nmt willTm in Y>1m 341 
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