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AMI, OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA ROCHESTER PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY April, 1891 Intr Tlie Des( Cone i^istr Disci BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA Vol. 2, pp. 477-502, PL. 20. APRIL 30, 1891 ON THE GEOLOGY OF QUEBEC AND ENVIRONS. BY HENRY M. AMI, OP THE GEOLOGTCAL SURVEY OP CANADA. {Read bK/ore the Society December 31, 1890.) CONTENTS. PRge. Introduction 478 The Terranes exposed iibout Quebec 480 Description of the Terranes 481 The Lnurentian or Archean 481 The Trenton - 482 Lorette — 482 Charlesbourg 482 Beauport . 483 Montmorency 483 Pointe-aux-Trenibles -.. 484 The Utica 484 Distribution 484 Montmorency 4S5 Beauport 485 Charlesbourg 485 Pointe-aux-Trembles 486 The Lorraine -.. 486 General Character and Distribution . ... 486 St. Nicholas 487 Cote Sauvageau 487 Montmorency Falls 487 The Quebec 487 The Quebec Massif 487 Cote de la Ndgresse 488 Montcalm Market 488 Between Drill Shed and Grande Alleo 489 Review 490 The Levis 491 TheSillery 493 Conclusion 493 Distribution of Genera and Species ._ 495 Discussion 501 IjXX— Hum,, (inoi.. Sdc. Am., Vot. 2, 1890. (477) Introduction. The purpose of thig paper is to give a brief resume of tlie conclusions arrived at by the writer respecting the different faunas included in the dif- ferent terranes in and about Quebec city. These conchisious are based upon an examination of several recent collections of fossils (made by Mr. Weston in 1877, 1887 and 1890 ; by Dr. Ells, I'Abbe Laflamnie and Mr. Giroux in 1888; by Mr. St. Cyr in 1888, 1889 and 1890; and by the writer in 1886, 1887, 1888 and 1890) and upon an examination of the extensive collections and material which Sir William Logan and Mr. Billings made use of in describing the geology and paleontology of this interesting though compli- cated region. The localities from which the collections above mentioned were made are all included within a radius of about fifteen miles from Quebec city as a center. The following localities are included : I. Quebec City (northern side of the St. Lawrence). a. Between the drill shed and Grande allee. b. 100 yards south of Montcalm market. c. St. John street, numbers 71 and 73. d. Cote d' Abraham. e. Cote de la Negresse. /. Cote Sauvageau, ff. The coal fields. II. Levis (southern side of the St. Lawrence). a. I. C. R. cutting. b. Road from Levis to St. Joseph. c. 150 yards west of b. d. Cliff south of Carriere and Lainy's foundry. e. City hall, Levis. /. Near toll-gate, South Quebec. g. Between toll-gate and Victoria hotel, South Quebec. III. Montmorencrj Falls (northern shore). a. Above the falls ; Trenton limestone, etc. ; left bank. b. Above and close to the falls ; right bank. c. Ravine below the falls; left bank (limestones). d. Ravine below the falls; left bank (shales). e. Gorge between the steps and mouth of river. /. Mouth of the river ; East point. (478) LOCALlflKS VIIOLUINU THE COLLECTIONS. 479 usions be dif- upon i^eston )ux in 1886, ctioiis of in )nipli- le are y as a IV. Beauport {northern shore) ; Parent's quarries. a. In shales. b. In limestones, V. Charlesbourg (north of Quebec City). a. Tenipleman's quarry. b. 50 yards south of Charlesbourg church. c. 1 mile west of village. VI. Lorette (falls of St. Charles river). a. In the upper thinly bedded limestones, b. In the lower heavier bedded limestones. VII. Island of Orleans (east of Quebec city). a. False point (limestones and shales). b. Near Bel-Air hotel (shales). VIII. 8t. Nicholas (southern shore). Two miles above the village. IX. Pointe-aux- Trembles, Quebec. In bituminous shales. In limestone beds. The fossil remains obtained from these localities have been identified in so far as the mode of preservation aud condition of the specimens permit. The collections made by Mr. Weston in 1890 have not yet been examined as critically as might be desired, but they only serve to intensify the results obtained in the examination of previously obtained material. The researches of Sir William Logan, Mr. Billings, Dr. Sterry Hunt, Dr. Selwyn, Sir William Dawson, Professor James Hall, Professor Emmons, Professor Walcott, Professor Marcou, Dr. Ells, Professor Lapworth, and many others, on the geology of Quebec and its environs, have made that region classic ground to the student of North American geology. The famous Quebec group controversy, as well as its closely related friends, the Tacouic question in geology and the Lorraine-Hudson River problem, are all involved in the geologic history of Quebec. Much diversity of opinion has existed as to the exact geological position of some of the terranes at and about Quebec city, as also along the whole line of the great Appalachian or St, Lawrenoe-Champlain fault ; and this is not at all astonishing, seeing that 480 H, M. AMI — TIIIC GKULOOY OF (iUJiBKC. profound dislocations exist, intricate foldings of strata occur, and several ter- ranes are met along a comparatively short section, faulted and folded together in anything but a simple manner, which require exceedingly detailed and careful examination before satisfactory conclusions are arrived at. The rocks forming the Citadel hill or promontory of Quebec (Cape Dia- mond) have been assigned to different positions in the geological scale by different writers at different times. An interesting review of their views is given in Dr. Ells' last report to Dr. Selwyn (1888), and published by the Geological Survey of Canada, wliich extends from Dr. Bigsby's paper (1827), down to Professor Lapworth's report, etc., {)ublished in the "Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada " (1887). These Quebec rocks have been re- ferred by Logan to the age of the Quebec group (Lfivis division), by others to ".Utica-Trenton," " Trenton-Utica," " Utica-Hudson " and " Lorraine " age, while still others, and the majority at present, regard them as newer than the Trenton limestone, L e., as of " Hudson River " age, or newer than the Utica terrane, and forming part and parcel of an extensive series of sedi- mentary strata classed under the term " Hudson terrane." I shall not attempt to enter into a discussion of the views held by geolo- gists, both in Canada and in the United States, in this matter. Such a task I had to undertake and accomplish for myself previous to this, and I will not burden the Society with it on this occasion. I wish merely to call at- tention to a number of plain facts obtained in the field and from an examina- tion of extensive collections of fossils. When series of strata are found lying between dislocations and faults, presenting no clear stratigraphical relations to the adjoining strata, the lithological character of the beds along with paleontological evidence must necessarily come in to assist us in ascertaining the definite horizon to which they belong. With the aid of these criteria some interesting notes have been obtained. The Terranes exposed about Quebec. The rocks about Quebec city and within the scope of this paper (leaving out of consideration the "glacial" and "marine" clays of post-Tertiary times) include the following series of well-marked natural divisions : lurentian or ■ Jt; Archean IL Quebec massif. Levis. Sillery. If IIL Lorraine. s -1 Utica. Trenton. u ^ Vi These seven terranes are clearly seen in a section from Lorette or Charles- bourg southward through the city of Quebec and across the St. Lawrence •4 THE TEKIUNES AND THEIU STRUCTURAL RELATIONS. 481 eral ter- together iled and ape Dia- scale by • views is d by the r (1827), ictions of been re- jy others lorraine" as newer swer than 3S of sedi- by geolo- ch a task lud I will call at- examina- und lying 1 relations long with jertaining e criteria r (leaving it-Tertiary IS : 3r Charles- Lawrence at Point L6vis. They occur in the following geographical succession, begin- ning toward the north : 1. Laurentian or Archean. 2. Trenton. 3. Utica. 4. Lorraine. 5. Quebec (massif). 6. Levis. 7. Sillery. Between the Laurentian and Trenton terranes, numbers 1 and 2, there occur an unconformity and an overlap, as seen at Lorette and Charlesbourg. There we find the Trenton directly overlain by the Utica terrane, which is in turn overlain by the Lorraine shales — in the district lying between Lorette and Cote Sauvageau, Quebec city, — these three affording a regular ascending series of sedimentary strata, whose characters are readily seen and recognized throughout the region in question. Then follow toward the south the cal- careo-bituminous rocks, indurated shales, compact limestones, and conglom- erate bands which form the Quebec city massif, bounded on the north by a thrust fault which brings thera against the disturbed and twisted edges of the Lorraine shales, and bounded on the south by the St. Lawrence river and another fault which brings thera in contact with the Sillery rocks toward the southwest and with the Levis toward the southeast. On the southern side ' of the St. Lawrence we finr' next the Levis shales, limestones and conglom- erate bands coming in over the Sillery shaler^ (red, green and gray) and sandstones, with which they are folded and faulted many times. Taking these terranes in their natural and present geographical order as above, they may be described in detail. I|P Description of the Terranes. The Laurentian or Archean. — Granites and gneisses, hornblendic and micaceous rocks of usual occurrence in the lowest divisions of this system of rocks, are met with at Montmorency falls underlying the Trenton limestone; at Lorette falls, below the lowest beds of Trenton limestone there exposed ; and also north of Charlesbourg village and quarries, presenting a series of .■ more or less elevated rounded bosses which, toward the west, north and east, ' develop into hills and mountains of greater magnitude, Avhose southern limit i. in the Quebec city region and vicinity seems to mark the line of an ancient escarpment, which predicates the existence of an extensive dislocation in the Archean crust and accounts for the peculiar absence of that series south J. of this line. Mr. A. P. Low, of the Canadian Geological Survey, is now engaged in mapping the geological features of the Archean area north of 482 II. M. AMI — TlIK (iKOLOCiY OK (iUJCBIX;. Quebec, and Dr. Selwyn hiva placed an iiitorcstiiig collection of these rocks, made by Mr. Weston at Montmorency falls, in the hands of Mr. Ferrier, who will discuss their lithological and petrographical characters in the near future. The Trenton,: Lorette. — At Lorette falls, on St. Charles river, the Trenton limestones are seen to rest unconformably over the Laurentian. They con- sist at the top of thinly bedded, impure limestones, holding a number of characteiistic fosssls, including — Stmphomena alternata ; Leptwna sericeii ; Orthia tesludbiar'm ; Bellerophon bilobatiis; Trinudeaa concentricua ; Illwnus, sp. und. There are some fifty feet of strata exposed in the whole escarpment (which faces the north) here along the line of contact at the falls, the lowest of which are rather heavily bedded and consist of light gray semi-crystalline lime- stones, abounding in fossil remains characteristic of the Trenton, the presence of Liliiitea uudatKs, Emmons, at the base indicating proximity to the Black River formation. The following species were obtained in the lower beds of the exposure : Puchydklya acuta ; Batoatoma ottaioaiinse ; Praaopora Iijcoperdon ; Dmlna pelopea ; Liiirjula phllomela ; Strophomeaa alternata ; Lept(eaa aericea ; Orthia teatudinaria ; " sp. und. ; " sp. nov. (?) ; Anmtrophia hemipllcata ; var. CO ; Conularia trentonenaia ; Them, sp. nov. ; Bellerophon hUohatiia; Bitcunia piinctiferoua ; Ctenodonta dubia; Ambonychia belliatrlata (?) ; Pterinea trentonenaia ; LUuites nndatna; Endoceraa proteiforme ; Apnrchites mimdiilua ; Prlmitia lohiteaveaii ; laochilina ami'i; Primitia mundula; Beyrichia, sp. und.; Ceraiiraa plenrexanihemus ; Calymene senarla ; Encrimirua vigllana; Dahnanitea callicephalua ; Trumcleiia concentricua ; Aaaphiia plidycephalua ; Lichaa, sp. und. ; Illoinua milleri. Charlesbourg. — At Charlesbourg the Trenton terrane may be seen to ad- vantage some four hundred yards north of the village, and also at Temple- man's quarry, a few paces east of the road. Here the strata are horizontal, while at Lorette they are considerably inclined, the dip there increasing from four or five degrees to nearly thirty in the vicinity. The rock at Temple- man's quarry is rather pure and crystalline, takes a good dressing, and the • •-Ji'^itwir^i^iwuiU'fT FOSSILS FROM UKAUFORT AND MONTMOKKNU'Y. 483 lesfc rocka, r. Ferrier, II the near lie TrentDii Tliey con- number of ent (which 3t of which Uiae lime- le presence ihe Black i^er beds of (?); ',as ; »; seen to ad- at Temple- horizontal, asinj^ from lit Temple- g, and the ^ I beds vary in thickness from four or five inches iip to a foot, and contain several characteristic species as follows : J'((chydlc(ij(( (tcutit ; Leptann sericea ; PlUodidyn fafeij'orpils ; Orlhln tedndinaria ; I'mnoponi /ycoperdoii ; Murchisonin yracU'im; Crnnin, sp. und.; Endocerus proteij'onne ; iSchizocraiiid, or DIhc'uhi ; IKcenus, sp. und.; Lliigula riciiiifdrmiti; Oihjme.ie seiKirln ; StrophomeiKi ulleriuda ; Dulmuiiites cal/iccphufiis. Beauport. — Proceeding farther ea.stward along tiie line of outcrwp, the Trenton occurs at Beauport and at Parent's (juarries, where .he limestones are overlain by the black bituminous shales of the Utica. The following species of fossils were obtained by Mr. St. Cyr, curator of the museum of the Department of Public Instruction, Quebec: Amplexopora discoUlea; Cotiularla irenionensis ; Prasopora bjeoperdon ; OrtJioceras, sp. nov. ; Lingnla ohtusn ; Asiiphus phHycephahis ; Stropkomcna delloidea; Qilymene semiria ; A tiastrophia hemipli'cutn ; Ceraiiriis pleurexanthenms. Montmorency. — The Montmorency river at and above the falls, before plunging its watera headlong down the steep height of 251 feet, flows over Laurentian or Archean rocks. It has cut its way through the thinly bedcied impure limestones, which are often interstratified with very thin beds of fissile shale, such as is also said to occur in the lowest beds of tlie quarry at Charles- bourg. Along each bank on this river the Trenton is well developed and carries with it a large assemblage of fossils, among which Trinndeus concen' \ trictis, Bcllerophon bilobutus and Soleiiopora compacia may be said to occur in [great abundance. Along the left bank of the river and above the bridge the following species were obtained by Dr. Ells and the writer: Pachydldya acuta ; Prasopora lycoperdon ; Solenojiora compada ; Liiigida ciirta (?) ; Strophomenn alternata ; Leptcena sericea ; Orthis test udui aria ; " pectin ella ; Ai}uzyga recnrvirostra ; Zy(^ospira (?) modesta; Coniilaria trentonensis ; Bellerophon bilobatiis ; Bncania pundifrons ; Miirchisoiiia gracilis ; " peratigidata; Orthoceras, sp. nov. ; " laqxieatum (?) ; Vamixemia, sp. und. ; Harpes, sp. und. ; Eneriniirus vigilans (?) ; Asaphiis plaiycephahis ; Cerniirus pleurexanthemus ; Illceiius milleri. 4S4 H. M. AMI— THK (IKOI.OCiY 0¥ QUKP.EC. lu this district the Trenton is again seen to occur at the foot of the fall up the hrook and ravine at the north end of the gorge, where the limestones ale nmde to al>ut at a high angle .gainst the Archea.j ^-'^'•P"''^';^,'?^ ^^^h throw fault. The limestones are light-gray colored, nnpure and b^tununou . There are only a few feet of apparently upper Trenton heds seen at this pomt between the cliff and the disturbed Utica heds alongside of and overly.ng them.* The following is a list of the species of fossds obtau.ed from the limestones up the ravine and along the brook : Hyalostelu,, sp. und. ; Orthis testudlmrh ; Glyptocrhms, or Wyptocysfdes, Prmu^^a, sp und. ; Ilhoitts, sp. und. ; Oilymene seiiaria. sp. und. ; Leptwim sertcea; Strophomena, sp. und. ; On the right bank of the river and close to the falls on Mr. HaU's prop- erty (near his residence) the following Trenton species were obtained: Crinoidal fragments ; Zyrjospira vwdeda ; Dktyophyton (?), sp. und. ; Slrophomem allermta ; Lh>gid<,, sp. und. ; Coindaria, sp. nov. ; Orthis probably testndinarla ; Tnnadeus concentncus. Pointe-aux-Tremblc3.-Among the remaining localities where the Trenton terrene has been met we have Pointe-aux-Trend)les, nuir the mouth of the Jacques Cartier river, where the Utica shales also occur, overlymg the l.nie- stones. From these the following species of characteristic Trenton fossils were obtained : Heterocrinus canadensis ; Monticuliponi, sp. und. ; Strophomena alternata ; " deltoidea; Orthis testiidinaria ; Anastrophia hemipVimta ; Leptcena sericea ; Dahnaii ites callicephalus ; Calymcne senaria ; A saphus p/aiycephnliis ; Cerairrus plcurexanthemus. The above lists of species from Lorette, Charlesbourg, Beauport, Mont- morency and Pointe-aux-Tremblea are sufficiently characteristic to leave no question whatever as to the age of the rocks from w hicli they were obtained. The Utica: Distribution.— The Utica shales are observed at several places about Quebec city, and are readily recogniz-ed l)y the fauna which they con- tain. For the most part the shales consist of brown or buff weathering and black bituminous calcarco-argillaceous materials in a finely divided state and very brittle or friable. At xMontmorency falls, BetuijiorUmd Cha rlesbou rg '^•riie oimrtzose limestone or calcftrooiis siiixl-tonps of Tiei.toi. anp un.loi-lyinK the Trenton und overly h^Kthe gneiss at Montmorency, are a!-, of TreiUon age, no I'ots.lam, C.kiferous. or CInuy being present. LOCALITIES YIELDIxVfi UTICA fOSSlLS. 485 a number of interesting collections were iniule by Dr. Ells, I'Abbc La- flanime, Mr. St. Cyr, Mr. Weston and the writer, and the following lists of species have been prepared therefrom. Montmorency. — In the soft, brittle calcareo-argillaceons and bituminous sbales which are much disturbed and faulted in a position overlying the Trenton limestones of tlie brook in the ravine at the northern end of the gorge of Montmorency falls were found the following species: Di'plograptits, sp. und. ; Enchceras proteiforme ; CHmacograptus, sp. und. ; Serpulltes dissolntus ; Orthograptus quadrimucronahis ; Triarthrus becki Lepioholus iimgnls; Between the steps leading from the top of the gorge on the eastern side to the foot of the falls and the lower point, the following species were collected by thb writer : Orthograptus quadrimucronatus (?) ; CHmacograptus, sp. und. ; lleteograptus eucharis ; Triarthrus becki. Beauport.— Leaving the Utica at the foot of the falls (much disturbed and faulted between the steps and the cUff at the northern end of the gorge) and the more evenly bedded and inclined strata south of the steps to the lower point, and proceeding westward to Beauport, the Utica is again seen at this point. Near the shore, I'Abbe Laflamme obtained a large slab of shale on which were seen a Cliinacograptns, sp. und., several examples of the typical Leptobohis insignis, Hall, and Triarthrus becki, Green. At Parent's quarries, a little further northward, the Utica shales were examined by Mr. St. Cyr, and the following species obtained : Schizocrania filosa ; Emlocerus proteiforme ; Leptoina sericea ; Asaphus canadensis Lyrodesma pnkhellum ; {=Asap)hus latimarginatus). The above species are now in the museum of the Department of Public Instruction, Quebec. Charlesbourg. — About fifty paces south of the Charlesbourg church the Utica is exposed along the main road. It dips at a considerable angle to- ward the south, varying in intensity from north to south from a few degrees to nearly fifty degrees. The rock hero is a brownish-gray calcareous shale, from which the following species were obtained : CHmacograptus or Diphgrnptus ; Bellerophon bilobatus; Leplograptus Qi) fluceidus; Leptobolus insignis ; Strophomcna, sp. und. ; LXXl— Hri.i.. liKiii,. Hill'. Am,, Vm,. 2, isiio. I'rimitia idrichi (?) ; Triarthrus becki. 48G H. M. AMI — THE fiKOM)(iY OF «i('KnKC. A larger collection of specimens from this locality would be interesting. With the exception of Leptobolus iiisignls, Hall, Bellerophoi bilobains, Sow- erby, and Trutrthrm becki, Green, all very characteristic Utica species, the, forms are not well preserved. About a mile west of Charlesbonrg church, on the road to Lorette, the black bituminous shales of the Utica again crop out in a small brook, and the following forms occur: Clmacograptus, sp. und.; Oiihogniptiis qiiadr'nmicronatns ; Leptobolus inalgiiis. L'Abbe Laflaniine, of Laval university, who has devoted considerable at- tention to the geographical distribution of the different terranes in this dis- trict for the Canadian geological survey, collected a large slab of somewhat indurated black calcareous and bituminous shale on which were the follow- ing species : Orthograptiis quadrimucroiiatus ; Leptobolus i)isign!s; TrUirthriis becki. Pointe-aux-Trembles. — In 1888, Dr. Ells obtained the following species of Utica fossils, ovc. lying the Trenton limestones of Pointe-aux-Trendiles: Orthograptiis qiiadrimiicromUits ; Leptobolus i7isigir!s; Triarthrus becki. Tliese three forms are, as can be readily seen, typical and characteristic and generally abound in every collection of Utica specimens. The Jjorraine : General Character nnd Distribution. — The Lorraine shales form the fourth of the series of geological terranes occurring along the line of section from north to south, and consist for the most part of very thin, fissile and evenly bedded calcareo-argillaceous and arenaceous shales, weathering yellowish brown, measuring a thickness of 800 or 900 feet, and overljing the black bituminous shales of the Utica terrane conformably. They are extensively developed north of the city of Quebec, at jNIontmorency falls, at 8t. Nicholas, along the southern shore, and also farther eastward along the northern end of the Island of Orleans. These shales are not very fossiliferous in most of the exposures, but sufficient fossil evidence has been obtained to fix the position of the shales in the region where the thrust fault which occurs has disturbed the strata consideiably. They are separated from the (Quebec city nuissif by the thrust fault already indicated (which is evi- LOliRAINK FOSSILS AND TlUCUi LOCALITIES 48? broken beds of this tenane ' ''''''' ''*"" ^'" "^^^^^^'^ ^^^ Orthoffraptus quadrlmncronatas ; Diployraptus, sp. no v. ; Leptcena serinea ; Orthi's testadinaria; Zygospira head!.; Ambonychia radiata; Ortlmlesma pai'allelum ; Modiolopsis, sp. und. ; Triimdeus, sp. und. oocasiojaii;. :::«!" :,t's '^rf '^i":! "^ ""^ '"""=■•'-■ Rome a lin,„l ™ , , ,' NicIk.Ihs ami Montmorency, iji tile well seen in Hie „„„ „, M„,„ ,1 '^''""= '"""<' ''""* »« here except Zy o ll , d ,r„ '""' "l Y "° »'"" '""" ""^ "^""-'l =..tly diprioniJiL '^ '""^ ''■»«'"'""» "f «™PWites. app.,- more„rrire"rIe''f '~°'' .'","' '''"" "^ ""= '""'S'' '«l"'" «- «."» »f Mont- i. . "&'"'«r coioieci, stand n « ""ce Lonaine sl,alea w iTl^^^^^^^ ol.araCeristic fossils of tho f»™ *s ■ Di nt: rc;r: Tf ". ■" rr "■"- "■»'"'- -■ -■<« proper in Qnebe Z Tl e^ f'"," "'"' .'"'"' °"'' "'= ""'- '»»■. and n„n,e,o,,r ' ' "■'™'' '=°""'""'' """ "'■■!« "c varied number of £1^ "^ fl -"".^ " '^'''""' "^^1""''^^' ""^^ '-''^l^'g « .mber^3^fc«sns^eh.e% n,on^,^^^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^,,,.^ ,^^^,^,.^^ ^,^^ ^^^^^J^^^ * Geology of Canada, 1««:|, pp. igs ^^^ "^ " n 488 jr. M. AMI — TlIK GEOLOGY OF (iUKIJEC. forms have been obtained (descriptions of which will, it is hoped, spon be published) : GirvaneUa, sp. und. ; Solenopora umpactn, var. m'mnta (var. nov.) ; Diplotrypa qmhecensis (sp. nov.) ; Monotrypa Incerta (sp. nov.) ; Prasopora lyeoperdon, Vanuxeni, var. selwyni (var. nov.) ; Orthls, allied to 0. testiidinaria, Dalman ; LeptiiAi", like L. sen'cea; Asaphus, sp. und. ; an obscure form. This peculiar association of forms occurring in such a series of strata will be noted later on. Cote de la N^gresse.— Farther westward, at Cote de la Negresse, the hard, compact and fine-grained calcareo-argillaceous and bituminous bands were seen, associated with bands of semi-crystalline and somewhat bituminous limestones, quite different in facies from the strata at Cote Sauvageau ; and at the turn of the road up the hill along Richmond street two obscure fossils were obtained, one of which appears to be a CamereUa or Anastrophia, the other a Platyslrophia or other coarsely ribbed brachiopod. The strata here dip at an angle of 45° southward. Montcalm Market. — Immediately south and again about one hundred yards southwest of Afontcalm market, in the city of Quebec, we have a series of black bituminous and calcareous shales holding abundance of graptolites, brachiopods, ortracods and trilobites, with bands of thinly bedded limestones and an occasional hard, cherty, compact, quartz-bearing band, which re- sembles a conglomerate. The strike of the strata here is N. 45° E. (mag- netic), and the dip about 70°, increasing to 78° in some instances. From the exposures north of St. Patrick street aud between the roads leading from that street to the market the following fossils have been obtained : Diplograpttis foUaceiis; Crinoidal fragments; Lingiild, sj). nov. (no. 1) ; . " " (no. 2) ; (no. 3) ; Pater Ilia (?), sp. nov. Disciiia, sp. nov. (no. 1) ; (no. 2) ; Gen. nov. et sp. nov. ; Lepkeiia, sp. nov. ; " allied to L. sericea; " allied to L. qidnquecmtata ; Stvophomena (?), or gen. nov. et sp. nov. ; " angitstlfuUus ; " . sp. und. ; " riigosiis; " vmnrotKitus ; " whiificldi; C/imaPogniptus sccdaris ; var.; " sp. und. , " perexcavatus ; " sp. unci. ; " biconik; (QUEBEC FOSSILS AND FOSSIL LOCALITIES. 489 Dkellograplus sexlatis; " ancepa ; " forchammerl ; " divaricatus, var. mof- fatenais, Carr. ; " ap. unfl. ; " sp. uiid. ; OlossograpUis, sp. iind. ; Dendrograptus, sp. und. ; Leptograptus, sp. und. (cf. L. per- tenuis) ; Dwranograptus ramosiis ; " nicholsoni (?), Hopk. ; " sp. nov. ; Coryuoides calycularis ; Dawsonia, sp. und. ; Orthis, sp. und. ; Stiicklandinia (?), sp. und.; Obolella, or closely related genus ; Euomphalus, sp. nov., or Ophileta, sp. nov. ; Primitia logani; Aparrhites mundulus ; " sp. nov.jOrPo^yco/Jc.sp.und.; Agnostua, sp. und. ; Aeglliia rediviva, Barr, (?) ; Bathyania, sp. und. ; Ampyx, sp. und. ; Asaphus, sp. und. ; IllcEnns, sp. und. ; Tritmcftits (?), sp. und. ; Dionide (?), cf. Z). lajnvorlhi. Between St. Patrick street and the Grande all6e, and also along the north- western extremity of Parliament square, similar strata occur ; dark hrown or black compact bitumino-calcareous splintery shales weathering grayish-white, holding cavities in which Mr. Ferrier has recognized crystals of strontianite arranged in stellate groups and associated with terminated crystels of quartz ("diamonds") and an inspissated substance resembling petroleum. These strata dip at an angle of S. 65° E. (average magnetic), and hold fragments of grajjtolites, Corynoides calycidaris, and also a Dmina (undetermined). Measured sections of these exposures have been taken for reference, and serve to connect these beds with those occurring between the drill shed and the Grande allee. Between Drill Shed and Grande Alice. — Here, as nearly everywhere in Quebec city, may be seen the upturned and denuded edges of the shaly and calcareo-argillaceous strata for a considerable distance. An artificial section at this point gives an average dip of 55°, S. 20° E. (magnetic), varying from 50° at the southern extremity to 58° or 60° as we proceed northward. The strata are somewhat disturbed at the southern end, but are very evenly bedded and contain quite an interesting series of fossils, chiefly graptoHtes throughout. The presence of iron pyrites in these rocks has stained many of the layers, which present a very rusty appearance. The following is a list of forms (provisionally identified) recognized from this section 45 paces in lenjrth : Diplograptus angvMifolius ; " foliaceua (?) ; " sp. und. ; Dieellogmptus sextans (?) ; CUmacograptus perexcavatm ; " coiifertus (?) ; Dawsonia, sp. und.; Primitia mundula, Jones. 490 H. M. AMI — TIFK (iEOLOGY OF QUEBEC. Similar strata were observed farther along tlie Citar'el front, where the landslide took place in September, 1889, and along Champlain street by Saiit-an-Matelot street, Sons-le-Cap street, Cote d'Ambourgfis, and St. Charles street, where the dips observed showed clearly that round Cape Diamond the strata, as Sir William Logan noted,* form a synclinal basin at Quebec. Alongside and up Mountain street a bold cliff of conglomerate occurs, con- taining large bowlders imbedded in a shaly and calcareo-argiliaceous paste, with the admixture of quartz grains. This deposit, as well as most of the exposures in Quebec city, deserves very special attention and will no doubt afford interesting notes and material. The Cortjnoides band which occurs at the Cove field and near Montcalm market was again noticed along St. John street in excavations on the lot where numbers 71 and 73 of that street occur. Dicellograptus sextans was collected here. The strata dip at an angle of from 40° to 70° southward, increasing in intensity toward the northern end of the lot, cloae to St. John street. Review. — So far the fossil remains, while numerous and many of them well-known " Hudson River" forms, are but little known and require de- tailed study. Before assigning a definite position to the rocks of Quebec city in the scale of terranes in America, it is necessary for the writer to state tliat so far he has been unable to find any evidence in the field, either stratigraphical or paleontological, whereby the Hudson River rocks and Lorraine shales, as originally understood by Emmons, could be correlated and referred to the same or an immediately following geologic terrane. The fossils collected at Cote d'Abraham have a decided lower Trenton facies, as the presence of Solenopora compada, or a variety of this species, seems clearly to indicate. From the long list of species obtained in the Montcalm market rocks it can readily be seen that we have there repre- sented a fauna which has never yet been found either in the Lorraine, Utica. or Trenton terranes — a fauna distinct from the faunas included in these three terranes, whose characters are so well known throughout the continent in their undisturbed and complete development. It is the same fauna which has received in numerous places the name " Hudson River," e. g., at Nor- manskill and many other localities in New York and Vermont, and in Canada, at False point, Island of Orleans, on the Etcheinin river between St. Henry and St. Anselme, at Drummondville, on Crane island, Gagnon's beach, the Marsouin and Gros Male, a mile and a half below the Tartigo river, at Griffon cove, and in many other localities. Similar strata have also been observed in northern Maine, in Newfoundland and New Brunswick. Now, the question presents itself: What is the age of these rocks and what the horizon to which the internal fossil evidence points at those localities where this fauna is found ? A number of vexed questions arise. But, tak- * Geology of Canada, 1863, p. 230. TWO FAUNAS IX THE QUKIII'X' MASSIF. 401 in<» into consideration the stratigrnphicul, litliologieal and paleontologioal relations and dicta of the rocks of this clearly distinct and well-marked terrane in the scale of geologic terranes in America, we can readily separate them from others, such as the Lorraine and Utica terranes, with which they have been for years made synchronous or newer. The fauna enclosed in the typical Lorraine shales, i. e., in those shales which overlie the Utica sliale and underlie the Oswego, or, as it is now called, Medina, sandstone, is well known and can be studied to advantage in Canada around the Mani- tonlin islands, at Collingwood, and at various points from that place to Oak- ville and southeastward by Weston and Toronto, in New York and in the valley of the Richelieu river, in the Ottawa Paleozoic bnsin and near St. Nicholas, at Cote Sauvageau, in the St. Charles river valley, at Mont- morency below the falls, at Ste. Famille, and on the Island of Orleans at Ste. Anne de Beaupr6, at St. Joachim, and also along the northern shore of Anticosti. There seem to occur then two distinct faunas entombed in distinct series of strata and holding a different position as to age. The apparently lower Trenton aspect of a portion of the Quebec massif as seen at Crtte d'Abraham and Cote de la Negresse gives us an indication of the age of the strata at these points. Cut off on all sides by faults and separated from the L6vis rocks by the St. Lawrence river, the Quebec terrane (which name I beg to propose for this series of strata such as we meet at the Montcalm market, Parliament square, and drill-shed exposures) stands by itself in an anomalous position very similar to rocks of similar age which Professor Lapworth designated as " unplaced in the series."* There is a marked physical resemblance between the Quebec massif and the L6vis rocks south of the city, but one series is a highly bitumino-calca- reous terrane ; the other not so. The presence of such forms as Agnosius, Aeglina, Amjjyx, Dlonide, Baihyunis, etc., point to a rather lower horizon than the Trenton, while I believe that it is perhaps premature to give the precise geological position of the strataat Quebec, in the present light of our knowl- edge. Suffice it for this occasion to separate this terrane from that of the Lorraine shales or Lorraine terrane, i. e., overlying the Utica, and recognize it as a distinct one, whose more exact position will form an interesting object of research. But a few days, comparatively speaking, have been spent in examining the strata at Quebec, and the limestone bands and shales inter- stratified are richly fossiliferous. 37ie Levis. — Next in order comes the Levis terrane, whose characters, both paleontological and stratigraphical, are given in detail in the rej)orts of the Canadian survey and in many other interesting memoirs and publications. Along with Dr. Ells, the writer has made an examination of the fossiliferous ♦This same RUlliority hiul recognized the earlier uK© of tlie " Hudson River roclis " in America and tlieir identity witirthu Ulenldln Hhalen orNOtlth Scotland as tlieir European equivalents. i 492 II. M. AMI — TlIK flKOr.OGY Ol-' (JUIOBKC. strata occurring there. The lists of species and descriptions of the beds are given in the " Second report on the geology of a portion of the province of Quebec," which Mr. Walcott has recently reviewed in the American Journal ',C of Science. The probably Calciferous age of these strata, termed Levis, has been proven by Mr. Billings on paleontological evidence. The abundance of graptolites and of certain well-marked zones of these in different portions of the series of Lfivis strata, along with the recurrence of the conglomerate bands care- fully ma])ped by Sir William Logan, enable the geologist to trace out the foldings and recurrence of strata at different points. The occurrence of large cephalopods in pebbles of the conglomerate, besides the Cambrian forms which many of these hold, is a point worthy of closer scrutiny. The following is a list of species collected by Dr. Ells, Mr. Giroux and the writer at L6vis, all obtained from definitely located places : GRAPTOLITID^. Nemagraptns capillaris (?) ; " sp. und. ; DIdymogmptua bifidus; " conatrictns ; " extensus ; " furcillatus ; " pennatulus ; '* sp. und. ; Tetragraptus approximatus ; " cadiiceus, Salter (= T. bigsbyi, Hall); " denticulatus ; " fritticosHs ; " heudi ; " hicksi ; " quadribmchiatus ; " serra {= T. bryonoides) ; Dichograptus octo b rachiat us ; " richardsoni ; " ramuliis; L'mgnla qnehecensk ; " Irene ; " sp. nov. ; " sp. und. ; Elkitnla desideratit ; Loganograptns logani ; Clonograptus rigidus ; " fiexiUs ; " sp. und. ; Goniograptiis tlmreaid var. selwyni; Diphgraptus dentatus, Bgt. (= D. prlstiniformU, H.) ; Dlplograptiia (?) tricomis; Fkyllograptus anna; " angmtifolius ; " typus; Trigotiograptus ensiformh ; Plilograptiis plumosm ; Didyograptiis irregularis ; " sp. nov. (= D. deUcidula, Dawson) ; " sp. (cf. D. homf ray i) ; " sp. und. ; BRACIIIOI'ODA. Leptobohis (?), sp. und. ; Linnarssonia, sp. und. ; Siphonotreta (?) micula; Orthis, sp. und. ; Shurnardi(( granulosa. ! re of til en ;es ies e- le of All 111 , LKVia AND SILLICRY FOSSILS. 4V.. Tliese fossila were all derived from tlie shales and evenly bedded limestones of Levis age. This niiniber and list can no doubt be swelled considerably after careful collecting and determination. There are many species both of Cambrian and Cambro-Silurian (Ordovician) age included in the pebbles of the conglomerates of the L<5vis terrane. These should be carefully collected and noted. Fossils from the paste of the conglomerate, if any, should be carefully kept separate, and interesting results will no doul)t be forth- coming. • The Siller y. — Underlying the L<5via and faulted together at many points we find the Sillery, red, green and black shales associated with sandstones and conglomerates. The leading paleontological characters of this series so far is the presence of Obolella (Liunarssoiiia) jtretlosa, Billings, in great abundance wherever that terrane is met with. At the Chaudiure River railway bridge this shell occurs in great abundance, associated with other forms of Obolella and two species oi Ltngida; also with a Protospongui, akin to P. (etranema, Dawson. The presence of these spicules of sponges, referred to the genus Protospongia by the writer in 18815 along with Obolella, point clearly to the antiquity and earlier age of the Sillery than that to which it was for a long time assigned. A number of obscure compound graptolites ai\d a s\Hic'\ca of Phyllograptus also occur at the Chaudiere river e.vposu res, indicating the probably transitional character of these passage beds between the Cambrian and Cambro-Silurian (Ordovician) epochs. Conclusion. Having thus briefly described the various terranes a^ they are seen along the line of section north and south, it will be observed on resuming the ques- tion of the probable age of the Quebec city massif that, when these are com- pared with the Levis terrane, their physical character, the presence of the congh)nierate bands, the similarity of strata in .sedimentation and in their lithological characters, together with the general field asjjccts give them, owing to their intimate relations as having been subjected to similar press- ures and foldings, the appearance of being a part and parcel of that greater series of sedimentary strata to which Sir William Logan advisedly gave the name "Quebec group." It would also appear that the Quebec terrane, while distinct from the Levis terrane paieontologically, still exhibits numer- ous points in contact and would form an upward extension of that series at the base of which we find the Sillery. This would, I hold, materially assist in demonstrating the projjcr interpretation of the term " Quebec group " as Sir William Logan and Mr. Billings knew it, as regards the fossiliferous portion of that interesting series of sedimentary strata. LXXU-IUii.l,. (iKoi.. Si)f. Am., Voi,. 2, 18iKl. 494 II. M. AMI — TIIK OKOI-OOY OF QUKBEC. We should thus have the Quehcc group divisible into three natural and well-marked parts : 3. The Quebec or upper division ; 2. The Ld'vis or middle division ; 1. The Sillery or lower division, jnst as we find the Trenton group divisible also into series of terranes; and these divisions are all marked by peculiar and distinct faunas, each of which is charact.rized by fossils to be given in the table hereto appended. The Trenton group characterizes the upper portion of the Cambro-Silu- rian or Ordovician system ; the Quebec group characterizes a portion and peculiar development of the Cambro-.Silurian or Ordovician. tural and Distribution op Genkka and Species, Genkra and Spkciks. ities ; and of which ubroSilu- rtiou and llyalostelin, Bp. SPONOIJE. HYDROIDA. Leptograptua flneeidiis, H»ll <' sp _ Nemagraptus capillariD, Emmons " sp Didymograptm bifidus, Hull " conatriciun, Hull •• extenaus, Hull '• fw'eillatua, Lnpworth •• pennntiUua, Hall «' sp Teiragraptua approximafua, Nicholson. caducetts, Suiter ( = T, bigahyl, Hull). Terranei. « a B o I 3 :3 X X X X X X X X X X \\ovlh " sp " sp. --. .-- -. " sp OrthogrnpfiiH qund>-imitc,ronniun PhyUo(irajttait (iHgiisiifnlius, HiilL. " onnn, Hall , " tiipuH, MixW Olossofirnptiia ciliulus, Emmons sp. .. ReteogrnpiiiH euchnris, Hall. ; ? Cccnograptus gvitcUin, Hull Trigonugraptits en-ti/ormis, Hall PlitogrnptuH plnvioHHH, Hall DictyograptuH irregularis, IhxW --- " sp. nov. {:^^ D. (lelicaiula, Dawson) " cf. D. lunnfrayi, Lapworth " n. sp --. Dendroi/rapins, sp '■' sp Vorynoides calycnlaris, Nicholson _ Dawsonia, sp. --. " sp. P I i a 9 I i S X X CEINOIDEJE. I Qlyptoerinun decadaciyliifi, Hall — 1 ? " sp I HeterocrinuH catiudeiini.s, Hill Crinoidal fragments X ? X X X X VEItMES. Serpulites dissoliiius, Billings. BRYOZOA. Atnplexopora disi'.olilea, James Batostoyyia oiiawdetiae, Foord.- > X X X X X X " X X X X ' 1 X X X X X X X X X X X X I ^ 4- ■f \i KOSSILS FKOM (iUEBKC AND KNVIKOX8. Distribution of Oenera and Species — Continued. 407 Gknkra and Specikh. BR rOZOX-Contlnued. Prasopora lycnpevdon, Vaniixem " h/coprrdon,. Van. ,\Vir. aelwyni, \ar. nov.. Monoivypa incerta, sp. nov.. Diplotrypa quebccensis, gp. nov. Pachydir.tya actitu, Hull PtlUidietya falciformiSy N ich Oirvatielln, ap. Solennpuva compacta, Billings '• compacta, B., var. niiniita, var. nov BRACniOPODA. Torrnnea. 4) S 2 La 3 s o a 11 II II II II II II Lingtila curia, Hull . " obtusa. Hall phihmieln, Billinf.;s ._ riciniformis, Hall quebecensiK, Billings .. irene, Billings sp. und sp. nov sp. nov. no. 1 " no. 2. " " no. 3 Obolclla, sp " sp. nov Eikania desiderata, Billings Limiarssonia, sp. Leptobolua insignia, HnU [ ^ x " sp. : X j " sp. und. I Paterula (l), sp. nov. | i Schizocraniajilosa, Hall | i x Siphonotreta micula, McCoy . | i Crania, sp Discina, sp. " pelopea, Billings " sp. nov. no. 1 j " sp. nov. no. 2 | \ Skenidiimi, sp i I I ? Strophomena altcrnaia, Conrad I [ i x " deltoidea, Conrad I ? I " sp. nov. ; X " sp i Leptcena sericea, Sowerby I x " sp. nov ! " sp. allied to L. quinqueeostata . Orthis emacerata, Hall [ x " testud iiiar-ia, DiiXman x " sp. 1 X i a 12 X X X X X X X X X T ? X X ■ \ ] 498 II. M. AMI — TlIK UEOLOGY OP (iUKBEC. Distribution of Oenera and Species — Continued. Gbnkra ani> Species. BiJ.4 Ci//0P0D/1 -Continued. Terranes. o Orthia pectinella. sp. " sp. nov. " sp. nov " sp. Zygospira hcadi, Hillings Anazyga reciirfirosfra, Hall- .- Strichlandinia {?), sp Ana.itrop/iia hemiplicata, Hall " sp LAMELhIBRANCHIA TA. Pterinea trentonensis, Hall Ambonychia rndiata, Hall " bellistrinta, Hall Modiolopsis, sp. " sp. Vanu.vemia, sp Ctcnodouta dubin, IJillings Lyrodesma pidc/ielliim, Emmons " sp. Orthodcsma paralleluin, Hall OLOSSAPIIORA. Murc/iisonia gracilis, Hall " perangulnta, Hall EuoDiplialns, or Op/iilcta, sp. nov. BcUerophon biliibntus, Sowerby .. liucania puiictifrons, Emnions--. Coniilaria trcntonensis, Hull T/ieca, sp. nov. CEPHALOPODA. Hall — Orthoceras laqueatum (? " sp. nov. Endiiceras proteifrome, Hall Lituites nndaiiis, Emnions-. OSTRACODA. Primitia mundida, Jones " logani " " var " whitearesii , Jones . Aparc/iitex mundidus, Jones Poly cope, sp. Isochilina audi, Jonts s o 0) X X? X X X X o a X X X X X X X X i X 1 X I X X •I X > lEd a s y CO 1— ( ? X X ' ' i X VOSSII-S FROM QUKUKC AND KNVIKONS. DistribiUiMi of Genera and .S^ec/cs— Coiiliiiued. 499 Tenunes. Gkneka and Spkcies, Tin LOB IT A. Shumnrdia granuhaa, Billings .. AeiiHna redivicd (1), Hiirr..- Ampyx, S[). AfiHdsfns, sp. tiarpes, sp. — ■ TrinueleuH coneentricus, Eiitcn " sp. iiov. — " sp. Bnthyurun, sp. — Colyinenc senaria, (Jonnid Asuphus ptatycephaius I Stokes " canadensis, Chapin 6 s c "S a 2 B (V ^ 1 m u C s > P H O" I-) 1 X X X X " sp. - lUcenus millnri, Billings " cf. T. bouchardiy Burr. Dionlde, cf. D. lapworthi, II. Etlieridge, Jr.-- Dalmanites cfiUicep/inlus, Gnien Ceraiinis pleurexanthemus, Green Encrimirus vigilansy Hall --- 7 X X X X % Explanation of Plate 20. Section 1 — A sketch section across the strike from Lorette to Levis in a southeasterly direction (see also Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., vol. 1, p. 464, map accompany- ing Dr. Ells' paper). It includes the following terranes in their geo- graphical sequence, beginning toward the northwest : a, Laurentian or Archean ; b. Trenton ; c. Utica ; d. Lorraine (Hudson River of most geologists); e. Quebec (new terrane, separate from others); /. Levis; and ff. Sillery. The last three, e,f, and g, form part and parcel of the fossiliferous Quebec group, while 6, c, and d form the Trenton group, which are separated by a fault — the great Appalachian fault (the " Que- bec fault " of Ells, or the St. Lawrence and Champlain fault, or a branch of it, of other geologists). Section 2 — Sketch section at Montmorency falls, across the measures east of the gorge and across the Island of Orleans. The notation is the same as in section L The Utica shales are much disturbed here, both in their contact with the Trenton below and with the Lorraine shales above. Below the hori- zontal Trenton, capping the Laurentian gneiss, there are found calcareous sandstones of Trenton age, which have been called Potsdam "quartzites." Adownthrow fault passes in front of the bluif over which the waters fall. Section 3 — Sketch section across the measuies near Montcalm market, Quebec 'ity, showing the high angle of dip and the shales with limestones inter- stratifled. Section 4 — A general view of the strata flanking the Citadel hill at the landslide of 1889. The structure there exhibited is that of an inclined denuded anticline. Section 5 — Sketch section through the calcareo-bituminous rocks and compact shales^ with conglomeratic cherty bands associated, at Cote d'Abraham, where the monticuliporidiB have been obtained. Section 6 — Sketch section showing the thin, fissile and soft earthy shales of the Lor- raine terrane — newer than the Utica — inclined at a considerable angle along the road at Cote Sauvageau, west of Martelle tower no. 4. Section 7 — Sketch section exhibiting the dying out of the outcrop of Lorraine or newer shales on the edge or brow of the hill near Martelle tower no. 4, between Cote Sauvageau (section 6) and C6te de la Negresse, where a series of impure semi-crystalline, bituminous and fossilifuous limestone occurs. Cote de la Negresse is west of Cote d'Abraham. The contact between the two series is very much broken up, i. e., between d and e. Legend, a --= Laurentian or Archean ; b = Trenton terrane c z=z Utica terrane d T= Lorraine terrane e = Quebec terrane / = Levis terrane y = Sillery terrane Tienton group. Quebec group. (500) southeasterly p accompany- in their geo- Laurentitin or liver of most 3); /. Levis; parcel of the •enton group, It (the "Que- t, or IV branch of the gorge i as in section p contact with slow the hori- ,nd calcareous "quartzites." le waters fall. Quebec "ity, sstones inter- 3 landslide of ined denuded mpact shales^ raham, where 1 of the Lor- lerable angle no. 4. Lorraine or I tower no. 4, ■esse, where a ous limestone The contact :en d and e. sua. GLOL. SOC. AM VOL. 2. 1 890. PL 20. SECTION 7. Lorraine & Quebec ROCHS AUTTLl WEST orC&TE OE LaNEGRESSE Skktch Sections in thk vicinity of Quf.bkc City, Canada. (500) !■■ DISCUSSION. Dr. Alfued R. C. Selwyn : * Sir William Logan alone assigned the rocks of the city of Quebec to the L6vis division of his Quebec group ;t Selwyn alone assigned the rocks of the city of Quebec to the Hudson-Utica horizon, or above the Trenton, and pronounced tliein, before any fossils had been found in them, to be the same as those on the nortliern shore of the Island of Orleans, which had been assigned by Logan to Hudson-Utica. Fossils since found in the city of Quebec have proved the correctness, so far, of Selwyn's view. Whether Logan and Selwyn are right in placing these rocks above the Trenton is thus the only question now at issue. Do the fossils determined by Mr. Ami conclusively prove his contention, that they are not above but below? In this connection, see " Geology of Canada," 1863, pages 199 to 204, for list of fossils and description. Mr. C. D. Walcott : Sir William Logan, in his original definition of the Quebec group, divided it into two parts in the vicinity of Quebec. The Point L6vis series consists of the graptolite-bearing shales of Point Levis, with their enclosed conglomerates, in which upper Cambrian or Potsdam fossils were found, as he supposed, in association with fossils of the age of the Calciferous formation of New York. Although no fossils were found in the rocks of Quebec city proper they were correlated with the L^vis series. Mr. Ami has now found a fauna in the (Quebec city rocks which is distinct from that of Point Levis, and I think that there should be two names, one for the rocks of Calciferous age at Point Levis, and another for the Quebec rocks. I think the name Quebec should be restricted to the Quebec city rocks, which carry a distinct fauna from the strata at Point Levis, and that the name Levis should be applied to the graptolitic shales and the lime- stones in which the Calciferous fauna occurs. If Mr. Ami's determination of the fauna is correct, the horizon of the Quebec city rocks is that of the Trenton, probably the lower Trenton, and perhaps the upper portion of the Chazy of the New York section. As the rocks at Quebec are of a peculiar physical development and contain a peculiar fauna, I would suggest, if ac- ceptable to the Canadian geologists, that the name Quebec be restricted to that series of rocks, and that the Point Levis rocks be arranged under the name Levis. For the series of strata that have been formerly included under Quebec as about the Calciferous-Chazy horizon, as originally defined by Logan, which includes the Point Levis series, the (Quebec city series, the Phillipsburg * In a note communicRted to the Society. f'Geology of Ciiniidn," 18(j:i, p. iiol. LXXIII-BuM.. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. 2, 1890. (oOl) --*f h 502 II. M. AMI — THE GICOI-OOY OF (il'KBICC. limestone series, it might be possible, in the absence of any other name, to call it the Eolian, from an historical point of view. There are strong objec- tions, however, to this name, and I do not wish this to be considered as a proposal for its use. Collectively the Qnebec, Levis, Phillipsburgh, Cal- ciferous, Chazy and other formations, occurring between strata of the Pots- dam and Trenton terranes, can well be assembled under the term "Cana- dian " as proposed by Professor J. D. Dana. Dr. EzuA Buainkhd: I should object to the term Eolian, since it is not a geographic term, but simply a fanciful name ; and I do not consider it applicable to the series of rocks mentioned by Mr. Walcott. name, to ng objec- ered as a irgli, Cul- the Pots- 1 " Cana- B it is not insider it /l