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 -Wl 
 
 MAY 3 1834 
 
"B" 
 
 ''CmCJiGO TO THE SEA/' 
 
 R AS^EXRM 
 
 EXCURSIONIST 
 
 A COMPLETE GUIDE 
 
 TO THE 
 
 ^PrincipaHEastErniSumniEriHEsnrts,^ 
 
 INCLUDING 
 
 Maqala J'aCfi, -THe Wflitc JlffMrntami, ^ainf fawtcncc 
 
 and ^agucnaif -JiivcU, JWonflcaf and (pac^cc, 
 
 tftc Mtv ^HijCa)id ^c(v ^cacfici, etc., 
 
 HDW AND WHEN TD ENJDY THEM. 
 
 ^ J' 
 
 / 
 
 V 
 
 By William C. Gage 
 
 Al'THOR OK "TUB 8WITZERl,\XD OF AMKIUCA," " IIAXD-BOOK OF 
 OF THE HIiEAT SORTIIWEST," " HODt) BEIlAVIOll AT IIOM 
 
 Battle Creek, Mich 
 
 REVIEW & HERALD STEAM PRINTING 
 New Yobk: Union News Company 
 1883. 
 

 CO PYR ir, HT El) 
 
 18 8 3, 
 
 nv \VM. C. OAOK 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 ) 
 
 
 ■ T| « « ■ -mm- 
 
 I 
 

 -m ->JJ0TE^-M]^Jl!R0DaCT0RY.«^ m 
 
 I.— EASTWARD HO! 
 
 I 
 
 HILE it is tnii' that tlit- ;;rctit 
 tidf of ti'iivcl. like tlm '•Ktiir of 
 fiiiipirc," is ever wrstwanl, and 
 tlic iroti-lioiiiiil higliwiiys loatl- 
 iiij; toward tlir s^ltiuj,' sun aw 
 tilt' chaniifls tlii'ouf,di whicii this 
 currt'nt s\irges witli fvci'-infrcas- 
 iiig voiiinio, yot liko those of thu 
 ocean, this tide has its ehli us 
 well as tlo-\v. The business re- 
 iatitms whicli exist between the 
 — - " — ^^'^■"'"'~' "' ' East and the West rendei' nec- 
 
 essary a constant interconmiuni- 
 cation, which of itself is sntlicient to account for much of tlie returning 
 travel. In addition to this, the social relations also exei't their inllu- 
 ence. The man who " went West" to make his foitinie desires to 
 revisit the liome of his youth on the Kastern hillside. Perhajis his 
 children, wlio liave grown up on the i)rairies, wish to see the hills and 
 v.alleys so often de.scrilied hy their jiareuts, and contra.st the almost 
 boundless exjianses of tlie " great West " with the rugged mountain 
 scenery and the rocky farms, Avhere unceasing toil, coupled, perliajis, 
 with honest jioverty, laid the foundation for .sterling integrity, which 
 the ease and freedom of Western life Jjave not sei'ved to obliterate. 
 
 The attractions of tlie natural .scenery of the Ej'st are of themselves 
 sufKcient to call to them annually thousands of tourists, who. independ- 
 ently of the causes already mentioned, occujiy their " summer vaca- 
 tions" with an Eastern tour simply for the enjoyment of the attractions 
 presented in the way of pleasant routes of travel, and the scenery to 
 be enjoyed on the way or at the objective point of the journey. 
 
 W^itli a view of meeting the wants of this great and constantly 
 increasing class of excni-sionists, this work has been written. It is 
 designed to point out the most desirable routes between Chicago and 
 the Eastern seaboard, and to serve as a book of leaily reference by tlie 
 
1 
 
 6 
 
 INTKODl (TdUV, 
 
 way. Tlif lincM of tnivcl cIiomcii arc siicli as will ;,'ivo tlw toiiiiHt tlio 
 most favoialilc oii|H)rtunitit'H for visiting tlic ct'lt'luattMl smnmtT rcsorth' 
 eu ronfi:, ami scciirt! tlui ailvantaj,'t!s of paliu-i^ coaclifs, (lining ears, 
 quick transit, and siiro connections, — considrrations which conil)itui to 
 mak« a journey enjoyalilc, ami by moans of which a triji hocoiufs a 
 luxury as a means as well as an end. 
 
 The descriptions are made simple and practical, ami with iu> etl'ort 
 to imjiart a roseate hue to the scenes (hiserilietl, liut with a vi»'W to aid 
 the touri.st in "seeing with his own t^yes" thi^ ))eauties of landscape or 
 other scenery from the most favoralde points of oliservation, and (lis 
 cover for hiiiiself the things too often seen oidy through the medium 
 of the guide hook. 
 
 II.— SUMMER TRAVEL. 
 
 The benefits arising from a summer jaunt, with its release from the 
 cares of business, are of inestimablt^ value. "Work and worry" are 
 killing hundreds who might be saved to long life and huj)piness could 
 they but break away from their toil for a trip to the mountains or sea- 
 side, or somt^ other place where business cndd for the time be forgotten. 
 Though the resp te be only a brief one, a lireak in the monotony of a 
 busy life will sometimes relieve the tension which if too long continued 
 snajis asunder the strings which need relaxation to preserve their 
 strength. 
 
 The man who esteems his life work too imi)ortant to admit of va- 
 cations sometimes learns, when too late for remedy, that unrtnuitting 
 application to his task has totally dis(iualitied him for its continuance, 
 and long l)efore the period when he o\ight to l)e in his prime, he is 
 compelled to ndin(|uish to others the work he so fondly hoped to tinish 
 himself. A little relaxation now and then might hav(! saved him from 
 a collapse, but "he co\ild n't afford the time." 
 
 Happily for the American business worlil, the infection of "summer 
 travel" grows more and more contagious as its l)enetits become better 
 understood. Year by year the tide increases in volume, and the facil- 
 ities of travel are inuitiplied to meet the demand. If these pages 
 shall serve to assist the tourist in the choice of his route, or, the choice 
 being made, ui rendering his journey more enjoyable, their purpose 
 will be fullv met. 
 
 ii{.. 
 
toiniMt tlu) 
 iiiicr niHortf 
 iliuiii;{ eurH, 
 e()ml)itui to 
 ) becomes a 
 
 itli no efl'ort 
 vif'W to aid 
 anilHua|m oi' 
 on, and tliH- 
 Iii* nuMUiiiii 
 
 ise from tho 
 woiiy" are 
 pinesH coulil 
 tains or sea- 
 )e forgotten, 
 motony of ii 
 ig continued 
 eserve their 
 
 idmit of va- 
 unrtnuitting 
 continuance, 
 prime, he is 
 ped to finish 
 I'Ai him from 
 
 of "summer 
 come better 
 nd the facil- 
 these pages 
 ir, the choice 
 leir j)ur[)ose 
 
 -^v^^ 
 
 •:CHIC7I(10:'PO'l'HK--3EH.v 
 
 ^^i 
 
 THE STARTING POINT. 
 
 HICAtiO, the great metropolis of the NorthM-est, with its 
 u»ultitu(h' of "raihoad lines, and its enormous commerciitl 
 interests, is most naturally the jwint of departure tor 
 east-bound tourists. Travelers from localities west ot 
 C;hicago will desire to tarry in the city for a brmf pt-riod, 
 to visit its water-works, the grand exp sition building, and 
 and the variety of other objects of interest which rei.d.;r 
 the place attractive to stranger;;. In carrying out this 
 purpose, they will tind the hotel accommo<lationH ot the 
 city to be second to none in America. The Clrand PaciHc, 
 Palmer, Clifton, Hriggs, Sherman, Merchants, and a lu.st 
 of others of good repute, invite* the tourist to share their 
 liospitalities, with tht! assuranct- of regal fare and sumptuous 
 accommodations. For full information in regard to Chicago 
 hotels and their terms, the reader is ref.a-red to t\w Unt/y 
 Nntionnl Itot.l Neporter, which gives reliable and complete a.lvices on 
 
 *^' The'iimits of this work forbid even a mention of the many objects 
 of interest to be .seen in Chicago ; and having to do with the city on y 
 as the starting point for our tourist, we next settle the <,uestion as o 
 the route by which our Easfrn journey is to be p.-.-lormed. Keep ng 
 in view th'e important points of spee.l, safety and com ort together 
 with the attractiveness of the scenery en route, we hn.l the clain.s ot 
 
 THE MICHIGAN CENTRAL RAILROAD 
 To be of a character to meet all the re.piirements of the most exacting 
 tinveler It has long been known as the N.A.iAiiA Falls Koutk, ami 
 its recent acquirement of the Canada Southern Railway, making now 
 a continuous line from Chicago to the very verge o the *;''»";;;';;;;;;- 
 i-ict more fully than ever entitles it to that ai.[.ellation. Its thiough 
 sleeping-car connections, its sup.uior e-iuipment, its famous dining-cars, 
 toaethm- with the attractive country which it traverses, and the many 
 interesting points reached by it, all combine to decide the (p.estion of 
 sui)eriority, and inHuence the tourist in his choice of routes. 
 
g ClIliAlln Ti) rilK SKA. 
 
 Til.' tru\ Id' iirriviiix in CliiciiKu l.v mlici' inmU, iiml nut. dfsiiii^ 
 t(i tiirrv in tin- fity. I'liii '><• iiiiini'iliuti'ly triiM^iffricil liy I'iii'iiii'Iim-'h 
 oiiiiiilms lino tn tli<''ilt'iM)t of tli.' Mi(lii>,'iiii ('.■ntml, mI tli.' font of l.aki; 
 Mtrcot, iiml tiikiiiK liis Mi-iit in ii \Va«iM'i' ilni\viii« n.oni ciir. .oniiii.'ii.r 
 liJH jonniny witli linu'Kn,!,'"' <'ln'fkiMl tlintii^ii to ilcstiiiiitioii, mid willi 
 th.' iiMsiinuitv that jiis foiiifoit will Ix- .•uivfiiliy coiisiilfii'il on tiii^ 
 part of tin' tniiii finiiloye.s fioni tlic l.c^iiiiiiih!,' n\' liis tii|> to tlif imuI of 
 till' road. 
 
 THE CELEBRATED FAST EXPRESS 
 
 Of tliin roiid Iciivt'H Cliicii^'.t in the iiftfiiioon. and iis all tirsi iditHM 
 ticki^ts an- acrt-pti'd on tiiis train without rxlra cliufii"', it >« 'i tavont.' 
 willi tin' tnivi'linj,' piililii'. In tin; season of sumnit-r travcL it is a 
 po|.nlar tomists' train, on account of its timely arrival^ at Niagara, 
 allowing' the excursionist to spend the entire day at the Kills, and take 
 the evening train for the St. jjawreni-e |{iver, which is niched iit 
 Clayton the next niorniny;. From this point, tic .'legaiit 'liy l">ats of 
 the'Sr. Lawkknci-; Stka.mhoat Co.mi'ANV make the trip down the i^iver 
 to Montreal, ria Round J.shmd Fiirk, tlie ceiel.rated Thousand Islamls. 
 tht) famous Rapids, and past the most lovely sceiieiy of this lieautiful 
 river, which stoutly contests with the llud.son the claim to the title of 
 
 tiie "Rhine of America." Tl ntire journey is l.y daylight, the 
 
 l.oats reaching Montreal at <» i'. m. This trip, which will lie niore fully 
 described in its proper place, constitutws one of the (hdightful features 
 of till (ixcursion "to the sea." and has l.cen immensely populari/.cd \<y 
 the elforts of the St. LAWiiKNdK SriCAMiioAr CoMcanv, which is the 
 onlv lint! down the St. Lawrence running hoats exclusively for pas.sen- 
 ger' service. It has won its way to the favor of the traveling |.ul.lic m 
 the two past yfiiVH of successful operation, lieing popularly known as 
 the Nkw Amkhican Link. 
 
 But to return to the point of digression. Leaving Chicago hy any 
 of the express trains of the Michigan Central, tht; tourist has at Ins 
 service all the facilities which mai<e pleasant a journey by rail. Tin- 
 c.'lehrated Wagner drawing-room and sleei)ing ears are run through to 
 New York ami Boston without change, dining cars are attached to the 
 trains at convenient hours for meals, and courteous and attentive con- 
 ductors, train men, porters, etc.contril.utt! to the couifort and pleasure 
 of the traveler as occasion jjresents for their services. 
 
 The ride out of the city and through the subiu-bs for a considerable 
 distance is along the shores of Lake Michigan, presenting views of the 
 lake craft, with their white sails, or clouds of smoke and vapor from 
 theix- stacks, as tar as the eye can reach. The government pier, with 
 its protecting wall, stretches along the shore, and in the distance may 
 be seen the "crib" of the water- works. 
 
 On the other hand, the Douglas monument and park present them- 
 selves to view, together with numerous interesting objects peculiar to 
 the suburbs of a great city, until, increasing its speed, the train passes 
 
iiiil not ilxMiriiit; 
 I hy I'liiini'lt'c'H 
 till' foot i>t' Laki; 
 III ciir, iMiniiiii'iici' 
 liitioii, mill witli 
 iiMiili'i'iMl on tliM 
 ■ri|> to till' I'liii of 
 
 us all firHt-fliiMH 
 ;(', it is a favoi'itf 
 it'i' travi'l, it is a 
 Ival at- Niagara, 
 It) b'alls, ami takt* 
 •li is I'fai'JHMl at 
 ifalit^ iliy lioats of 
 i|i ilowii till' i'i\i'i' 
 'hoiisainl Islatuls. 
 ot' lliis l)i'autil'ul 
 ini to tlu! titlf oF 
 liy ilaylight, the 
 ivill III' luori! fully 
 cli^'litful I'caturi'H 
 ly |io|iiilari/,cil l)y 
 NV, wliii'h is tlio 
 isivi'ly for passi'ii- 
 i-avi'ling juiliiif in 
 |)iil:irly known us 
 
 ^ Ciiicago hy any 
 Diii'ist has at his 
 iit'y by rail. Thn 
 re run through to 
 I'l' attachi'il to the 
 mil atti-'ntivc con- 
 ifort and ph-asure 
 
 for a consiilerahle 
 iting views of tiie 
 V anil va|ior from 
 rninent pier, with 
 the tUstancf may 
 
 lark present them- 
 )bjects peculiar to 
 I, the train passes 
 
 Tin. ii|NIMI-(AH .HV.HTK.M. 
 
 fairly into the open I'oiiiitry. wliirli is lu'iv ami tlii'iv ilottnl with a 
 Huluirhan ivsiilfiii'i', or tlii' tmililings of soiih' thrifty faiim-r, or prr- 
 ehaiire a jirt'tty village, whose inlial>itiiiits liavt- tlirir laisint'ss intt'i."sts 
 ill Chicago, lai't their homes in the i|iiit't siil.tirl.s of the hustling city. 
 
 Fiftt'i'ii miles out, we pass the charming town of t'ti.l.MAN, a mmlel 
 settlement, son etimes calle.l the ••magic city." with its elegant huil.l- 
 ings, all of l.rick. in the most approseil styles of architecture. Its 
 important imlustrial enterprises are largely connect eil with the interests 
 
 of trav.'l. coiiiprisiug the .Mien japer car-wl I shops, the I'uliman car 
 
 manufactory, ami various other cstahlishmeiits which co itrilmte to the 
 prosperity of this llourishiiig town. 
 
 .\t ilhollt this stage of the Journey, if <.ll l.oanl the Fast Kxpress, 
 or the later train known as the .Vtiaiitic the tourist is grceteil with 
 the welcome aiiiiouucciiient. from a man in white c;ip ami apron, look- 
 ing as though he hail just steppeil in from (he I'almer Mouse cafe, 
 
 "DINNER NOW READY IN THE DINING CAR." 
 
 ;■. »lie iliniiig-car 
 
 tor refieshliiellts 
 
 Among the moilern comfortN of railway tra\eliu 
 system lakes a prominent place. 'I'lie hasty scranil>le 
 at a waysiili' restaurant, with 
 the constant fear of ••getting 
 left," and a conseiiuent IkjU- 
 iiiL' of half - masticated food, 
 witii dyspepsia in its train, 
 now gives place to a leisurely 
 I'ateli meal, served ill elegant 
 stvie, with all the appoint- 
 ments and couM'iiiences that 
 call lie suggesteil I'y the most 
 reliiied taste. The Michigan 
 ( 'I'litral was aiuoiig the lirst 
 to adopt this innovation, and 
 M) popular has it hecoiiie as 
 an adjunct to their already 
 long list of popular features, 
 that they havi; recently con- 
 structed four of these elegant 
 liotels iiiion wheels, and placed 
 them upon their line ln'tween 
 
 Chicago and Niagara Falls. These dining cai>, .re models ot taste, 
 elegance and convenience, with sfiacious kitchens, store rooms aiid 
 lavTitories, large plate-glass windows, folding or opera chairs, ami in 
 fact every convenience that taste and exi)erience could suggest for the 
 comfort of their patrons. .. ,■ i 
 
 A glance at the iiinnii. which is as complete as that ot a hrst-ciasH 
 hotel attests the fact that the gratification of its patrons, and not profit 
 
10 
 
 CHICAdO T(t THK SKA. 
 
 to its treasiiry, is the first great aim of the conipaiiy in operatiiiju; the 
 dinirii,' car system. ImU'eil, it may well he iniestioneil how such elegant 
 meals can he furnisheil for the sum of seventy-Kve cents, when a simi- 
 lar repast at many a hotel in tin '••■"! wonhl cost from one to two 
 dollars. Perhajjs a solution of the jirohlem may he found in the re- 
 mark of a shrewd Yankee, who once sat opjMJsite the writer at tahle in 
 one of these cars. Ht; had evhlently fasted for many hours ))i'evious, 
 as liis voracious ajiju'tite clearly indicated. ( )n rising from the tahle, 
 lie soliicKjuized thus : '•Well. J guess this concei-n han't made much out 
 o' me '.his time, Imt I shall alius rome by this roati; heri-dfii'r." , 
 
 The dining-car .system is also in successful operation on the Canada 
 divisiim of the ]Mic!iig.(U Central, the »'(|ui]>ments and apjiointments 
 lieing of the same charn-tei- and completeness. Indee'l. so ]ioj)ulai' has 
 this feature hecoiue. that several other cars are in course of construc- 
 tion to extend thi; .system in a manner to meet every demand of tiie 
 puhlic for accommodation in this direction. 
 
 But while we ha.e heen thus imlulging in reHections on this suh- 
 ject. tiie train has heen speeding onwai'd, and here we ai'e at .MicHi(;.\\ 
 City, on the extreme sonthein shore of Lake Michigan, and the great 
 liimher })ort of Noithern Indiana. It is a railroad center of .some im- 
 portance, the Imlianapolis, Peru it Chicago, and liouisville, New Al- 
 hany iVr Chicago Hailroad:; occupying tlie union dejiot with the Alicli- 
 igan Central. The jiopula*! )n is al)Out eight thou-and, and its primi- 
 pal husiness intei'csts are manufacturing and lumhei'. The view of the 
 city from the car wini'iows gives a less favoiahle impression of the 
 ])]ace th;ra a clcsei- insipection entitles it to, the immense "sand iduHs 
 i.'id luipretendiii,; huildings on the lake shoie hcing the most ctmspic- 
 uou.. ohjects near the ti'ack. The city proper is tpiite an attractive and 
 pleasant locality. Its chief hotels are tli(> St. Nicholas, Union and 
 Jewell. 
 
 Ten miles further eastward, we reach Ni;w Bri'FALO, the southern 
 terminus of the Chicago tV West ^lichigan Kaihoad. which from this 
 point skirts the ea.tcrn shore of Lake Michigan, foi'ming the shore line 
 to Pentwater. It is a jiretty little town of ahout one thousand 
 inliahitants. 
 
 Passing several stations at which the express trains make no stop, 
 twenty miles further on we reach Niles, a flourishing city of nearly 
 five thousand inliahitants. 
 
 The Michigan Central has a hranch road running from this ]toint 
 to South Bend, and it is also tlie western terminus of its "Air Line " 
 division, the other Iteing Jackson. INfuch of the freight husiness of the 
 road is done over tl is (livi.sion, relieving the main line for the 1 tetter 
 accommodation of i..s innnense passenger traffic. Mercantile and nian- 
 ufocturing interests occu])y the attention of the thriving jteople of Niles, 
 a superior water power furnishing e.Kcellent facilities for tlour and j)aper 
 mills and other enterjirises, which comhine to make this aii important 
 business center. Its leading hotels are the Bond, Pike and Farler. 
 
 illii 
 
IMl'ORTANT TOWNS AI.ONti TIIK LINK. 
 
 11 
 
 y in oiH'iittiiiju; tlin 
 1 liow Hiifh <'l(';j;aiit 
 Mits, wlit'ii a siiui- 
 froni uiif to two 
 lolMlll ill tlie it^- 
 writt'i- at tal)it! in 
 IV lioni's ))revioiis, 
 jj; tioni tin- tahic, 
 I't made niiicli out 
 hvri'iit'ti'r." , 
 on on tlu' Canada 
 iiid ai)|)oiiitiiii'iitH 
 I'll, so jiojmlai' lias 
 inisc of L'oiistriic- 
 •y dfiiiaiid of till' 
 
 ions on this snli- 
 ' arc at .MiciiicAN 
 an, and tlic i;i'''''t 
 [•liter of some im- 
 juisvillf, New Al- 
 )t with the Alich- 
 id, and its princi- 
 Tlie view of the 
 incjiression of tlie 
 nense'saiid 'oluH's 
 tlie most etnisjtic- 
 an attractive and 
 liolas, Union and 
 
 ■'Ai.o, the southern 
 . wliich from this 
 liiiii tlie shore line 
 mt one tlionsand 
 
 ins make no stop, 
 ini; citv of nearlv 
 
 i; from this point 
 f its " Air Line " 
 ;lit ))iisiness of the 
 lie for the 1 tetter 
 ruantiie and maii- 
 ig people of Niles, 
 for Hour and j)aper 
 this an important 
 ke and Farler. 
 
 At Lawton-, thirtv-one miles from Niles, connection is miide with 
 the Paw Paw Railroad for Hartford, Lawrence and Paw Paw. The 
 express tr.iins do not stop, however, but. hurrying onwanl, the next 
 important station is that so well known as the " Hig Village." 
 
 Kalamvzuu, with a population of aliont twelve thousand, and no 
 city charter, prides itself on l.eing one of the largest villages in 
 America. Except in its municipality, however, it is, to all intents and 
 purposes, a citv, witii its extensive public works, its thriving manufact- 
 uring establishments, ami its important railroad interests. The South 
 Haven division of the Micliigan (!entr,il extends westward from here 
 to the shore of Lake Michigan. Intersection is also made with the 
 Orand itapids .V Indiana liailroad and the Kalamazoo <livisioii ol the 
 Lake Shore Hailwav. The maiuifaeturing and mercantile interests ot 
 Kalamazoo are <|uite extensive, and it has also acpiired no little celeb- 
 rity as a market for superior agricultural products. Its leading hotels 
 are the I5urdick House, Kalamazoo House and American House. 
 
 B.VTTLK Okkkk, twenty-threi miles east of Kalamazoo, is the n"xt 
 important city on the route, and is one of the most thriving and eiiter- 
 prisiim towns in the State. Alaiiy of its luisiness interests are on an 
 extensive scale, notably the manufacture of threshing machinery and 
 C'ii"iiies, three large establishments lieiiig devoted to tliis industry. 
 Oirai.p'roachingth'ecity the buildings of the Iln-i,-w <('• Ihn-ahl Vnh- 
 lishiiiir establishment are among the first to attract attention. aii<l just 
 befonf the train comes to a halt, it pas.ses the shops of the Batti.k 
 t'liEKK ,Ma('H!NKUV Comi'axv, wliicli are on the left of the track, 
 while the factorv of the Uxio.v Sciiooi. FiuxrriiiK (.'o.mpanv is nearly 
 opposite, on the right. The i.'.'oducls of the former company are 
 shipped to all parts of the world, while the "Automatic" school-seat is 
 jic(|uiring a national reputation as one of the most convenient and 
 iini<|ue articles of furniture ever put in use in a school-room. 
 
 The inter.section of the :Michigan Central, the Chicago iV Crand 
 Trunk, and the Toledo iV: 3Iilwaukee Kailroads. the latter just coiii- 
 ..leted, renders Battle Creek an imjiortant railroad .enter, and accounts 
 for the rapid and prosperous growth of the city. Tiiis is also the loca- 
 tion of the 
 
 CELEBRATED MEDICAL AND SURGICAL SANITARIUM, 
 Which has gained an enviable reimtation as an invalid's home. Al- 
 though not originally designeti as a summer resort, its facilities in that 
 dircL^ion lum^ma Ic it a hivorite summer home for laany who would 
 hardly call themselves invalids. Here may be found a remedy for one 
 ■rreat' drawback to the success of summer vacations in general, which 
 are ot>en robbed of much of their sanitary benetit by poor food and in- 
 attention to the laws of health. While the cuisine of this establish- 
 ment is of the most Ijounteous chi<nv ter, it is especially ordered with 
 reference to healthfulness, and is in itself one important element of tln^ 
 jrreat success of the institution in curing the sick. 
 
12 
 
 CHICACJO TO THK SEA. 
 
 The fiicilities of tlie Sanitarium for the ti'eatment of disease are tlie 
 best knowi! to uiodeni niedieal scienre. In addition to Ijaths of every 
 description, inchidiiig Turkish, Russian, vapor, electro-vapor theriiii.l. 
 
 etc., the emjtioyment of massage, Swedish movements, and the various 
 forms of electrical ti'eatment, are orovided for by costly appliances, 
 !-ome of which were designed expiessly for this institution. When we 
 add that the medical su))erintendent, Dr. J. H. Kellogg, is a member 
 of the State Board of Health, and occupies a position of greai j.rom- 
 
 li 
 
l.Ml'OUTANT TOWNS AI.ONd TllK LINK. 
 
 13 
 
 disease are the 
 )ath.s of evti'v 
 apor tluuiiii.i. 
 
 w 
 
 r 
 
 lid the Viuious 
 tly ajipliaiRvs, 
 m. Wlu'ii we 
 J, is ii iiH'ml)er 
 f gieiiv ).rom- 
 
 1 
 
 inenw us a wiitiT and lecturer m saiiitaiy matters, and tl.at a stall ot 
 edueated and iiitelli',"!<t jreiit' •men and lady pliysieians are constanHy 
 carini; for [latients and visitors, we have indicated some of the reasons 
 for the marvelous prosj.eritN of the institution. Our illustration ,i;ives 
 u view of the main lmildin«. A larye nunil-er of eotta<;es and other 
 buildinjjs make up the facilities of th.- !SA.\(TAKir.M for taking care ot 
 its guests. _ 
 
 The leading hotels of IJattle Creek are tiie Lewis H(aise and the 
 Williams House, the Sanitarium being also a favorite transient home 
 with m.mv travelers. 
 
 Shortly after leaving the .station at Battle Creek, the tram c<mies 
 to a halt at tlie cro.ssin- of the Chicago i^- (irand Trunk Uaihvay. i.t 
 the station named Nichols, the location of the extensive works 
 where are manufactured tiie celebrated Nichols, Shepard A- Co.'s " \ i- 
 brator " threshing machinery, engines, etc. This is one of the most 
 important in>'.ustries of the city, giving employment to a large number 
 of skilled mechanics. Just beyond are the railioad shops of the C. ii 
 G. T. Conii)any, which also furnish employment to a goodly number of 
 
 Makshai.l, the ne.\t important station, is a pleasant httle town, the 
 county seat of Calhoun county, with some manufacturing interests, and 
 considerable wealth, being the center of a large and prosj.erous agricul- 
 tural .Ustrict. It is widely known among travelers as the dining station 
 of the Michigan Central" Kailroad. Tlie day trains still make their 
 stoi)S here for dinner, and the hours of inichhiy are among the liveli.^st 
 th.- people of this (piiet place witne.ss. It is the boast of the manager,s 
 of the dinhig-rooms that a failure to provide chicken pie tor then- 
 guests has occurred but once in sev(Miteen years, although fabulous 
 prices often have to be paid for the feathered bipe.ls to perpetuate the 
 time-honored custom. • i i i 
 
 The Tontine, Forbes and Tremont Hous.-s are the principal hotels. 
 Aijuox is the next town of much importance in our journey, and is 
 really a thriving place, some of its manufactures being widely known. 
 It is'also the seat of Albion College, a nourishing denominational school, 
 under the management of the Methodists. Our road her.; intersects the 
 Lansing division of the Lake Shore Railway. The principal hotels ot 
 Albion'are the Commercial and the Albion House. 
 
 Our hext important station is Jackson, the largest city in the inte- 
 rior of the State. As the central iMjint of heavy railroad intere.sts, 
 important man-ifactures, and .-xtensive commercial enterprises the city 
 is well known. The State i.rison is located here, ami is of itselt a 
 manufacturing establishment of no little importance. The railroa. 
 shops of the Michigan Central give employment to nearly a t)iousan< 
 men, and thus contribute largely to the city's prosperity. The min.-ral 
 resources of the vicinity are of no small magnitude, coni[)rising coal, 
 
 salt, tire clay, etc. . . ^ • i w- • 
 
 It is the terminus of the Grand River Valley, Air Lme, ami Sagi- 
 
14 
 
 (•|ll(A(fl> TO THE SKA. 
 
 naw divisions of tlie Michigan (Vntial Kailroad and tin- Fort Wayne 
 and Jai'kson l.randics oftlie Lake Slioic and Midiigan Suiitlu-in Hail- 
 way. PasHcngcis fJiangt" here for tlie i)leasure resorts of northern 
 Michigan, via the Mackinaw Division of tiie Cential, witli whidi con- 
 nection is nia(h' at Bay City. 
 
 Tlie Hil.l.ard House, tla* Hurd House, the Commercial, and several 
 smaller hotels, take good care of travelers who have occasion to tarry 
 in Jackson. 
 
 Tliirty-eight miles west of Detroit, the train halts at Ann Akhor, 
 tlie county seat of Waslitenaw county, which lias a resident populatioii 
 of about ten thousand, not including the stuilents ol' the State Univer- 
 sity, which nund)er nearly tifteen hundivd. The city is pleasantlv si'.- 
 uated on hoth sides of the Huron Kiv(-r, its streets' I. eing wide, tinelv 
 laid out, and adorned with shadtr trees. The Toledo, Ann Arl.or i 
 
 tXIVEl'-'.TV OK MICHIGAN. 
 
 Grand Trunk Kailway uives the place ;, north and south business out- 
 let, while the Central takes care of the ea.st and west business. The 
 Huron Kiver furnishes excellent water power, an.i the Hourishin.r in- 
 du.stries of the city .show how well it is improved. " 
 
 In a.Ulition to all the.se, its reputation as an educational centei- 
 places It among the mo.st important of Michigan citi -.s. Its local ].ub- 
 lic schools are of a high ordei' of excellence, especially its High School, 
 which occupies an elegant building co.sting •'^ in,()(M. But its chief 
 importance in this respect is from tlie fact of its being the .seat of the 
 University of Michigan, with its ilepartments of literature, science and 
 arts, law, medicine, pharmacy, dental stu'gerx ,ind engineering. This* 
 nistitutiou has almost a world-wide reputation as one of the foremost 
 
 11^ 
 
IMl'OKTANT TOW.VS AI.MN(i TlIK LINK. 
 
 15 
 
 le Fort VVnyne 
 Suutlu'in Hiiil- 
 ts of nortlit'Di 
 kitli wliidi coii- 
 
 iitl, autl si'vcrnl 
 ;asion to titiry 
 
 t Ann Akiiok, 
 cut iio|nilatiou 
 ' State UniviT- 
 
 pleasaiitly si'.- 
 ii<; wiilt', tiiifly 
 
 Ann Ailior it 
 
 Imsiness out- 
 usiness. The 
 nourishing in- 
 
 itional eentei- 
 Its local ]uib- 
 
 High School, 
 But its chief 
 e seat of the 
 e, science and 
 lecving. Thisi 
 
 the foivniost 
 
 sciiools in the laml. and indeed many of its stuilents are from abroad, 
 attracted i.y its fame, ami the excellei\t facilities it their conuuiUid. 
 
 The St. James. Cook, au<l L.-onard Houses. ar<' the principal hotels. 
 
 Yi'sii.ANTi, eight miles distant from Ann Arbor, is the next sto)i- 
 ping place, and is"a pleasant town of some live thousand inhabitants. 
 The tiiK^ water power of Hiu-on Hiver is hen^ utilized by sm-eral manu- 
 factories, among which tliat of paper-making is brought to a higli state 
 of excellence. In addition to the railroad facilities afforded by the 
 >[ichigan Central, it has southerly coumiunication liy mi.-ans of a 
 branch of the Lak.' Shore A- Michigan Southern Railway. It is the 
 
 STATE NOKMAl. SCHOOL. 
 
 seat of the State Normal School, which occujues an elegant building, 
 and beautiful gromuls, the latter donated to the State for the purpose. 
 There are many line i-esidences here, some of them the homes of busi- 
 ness men of Detroit. 
 
 The Roberts. Lewis, and Hawkins Houses, the Europeai), and sev- 
 eral others, furnish adequate hotel accommodations. 
 
 From Ypsilanti, the train spee<ls swiftly over the smoothest of 
 tracks, past pleasant villages, thro\igh verdant fields, and in view of 
 snug farm-hcmses, the ne.xt important stopl^ing places being Wayne 
 JixcTiox, where connection is made with the Flint & Pere Manjuete 
 Kailroad, and Si-RiNinvKLLs, formerly Uraml Trunk Junction, three 
 miles beyond which is 
 
 DETROIT, THE CITY OF THE STRAIT. 
 
 The largest city in Michigan, and its commercial metropolis, it is 
 beautif"lly situated on the Detroit River, IS miles from Lake Erie, 
 and 7 from Lake St. C!lair. It is one of the prettiest, jaeasantest cities 
 in all the West, and the oldest, as well. Its rapicl giwth during the 
 past twenty years is a marked feature in connection with its history. 
 The many lines of railroad centering here, and its extensive commercial 
 interests, together with the rich agriodtural region which here finds an 
 outlet for its products, all contribute to the prosi)erity of tlie city. 
 
f-1 
 
 16 
 
 CIIICAOO TO THE SEA. 
 
 fl t 
 
 l 
 
 l 
 
 i; 
 
 Tlu' ('XLMirsiuiiist will tin' I mudi to interest in a visit tr) Detroit. 
 Its locution upon tlie ii\er, wliieli is hero iiliout hall' a mile wide, sug- 
 gests excursions l)y water, which constitute a considiirahle .sliare of the 
 recreation of its peoiiie. In- tlie nunierous lines of .steamers wiiich )iiv 
 lietween the city and various |K)ints on the river and tlie lakes. The 
 puhlic parks of the city atford pleasant " breathing places " for those 
 who choose to avail themscdves of their advantages. In addition to 
 the oldei' I'esorts of this class, the city has recently purchased J5ell(( 
 Isle, with an ai'ea of aliout .'-!(•() acres, and a park commission are en- 
 g;iged in fhe work of improvement, the result of wliich will he the pro- 
 viding of a place of recreation for citizens and visitors, comparing fa- 
 yorahly with tlie parks of any of the large cities. Boats leave at 
 fre.pient intervals for the Island', from the foot of Woodward Avenue. 
 
 To notice the many attiactions which tempt the tourist to prolong 
 his stay in the l)eautiful City of the Strait would nnjuire too much of 
 our sj)aee. We can only add that the resources of the vicinity in the 
 way of entertainment and recreation are ample, and of suHicient vai-iety 
 to render a visit to the city an occasion of much enjoyment. The hotel 
 facilities are unexcelled, comprising tifty or more, including the Antis- 
 <lel, Brunswick, Griswold, Madison, Michigan Exchange, Rice's Tem- 
 perance, St. Charles, Russell, and a variety of lesser hou.ses, at all 
 prices. At thos-'! al)ove mentioned, the terms range from 81 to s;?.,')!) 
 per day. 
 
 CROSSING THE FERRY. 
 
 Continuing our eastward journey from Detroit, the river is crossed 
 to the Canada shore l)y means of the ferry, and the transhipment of 
 the train is an operation of much interest to one who okserves it for 
 the first time. The mannnoth transfer boat, capable of holding, in 
 several .sections, the long j)assenger train, is securely fastened to the 
 dock, and the cars are run on, with their load of passengers and 
 baggage. The powerful machinery of the boat is set in motion, and in 
 a few moments the train is again' made up at Windsor, on the Canada 
 side, ready to proceed on its way. 
 
 Windsor, the western terminus of the Canada division of the 
 Michigan Central Railroad, is a flourishing tow " about eight thou- 
 sand inhabitants directly across the river from Detroit. The town of 
 Sandwich, two miles below, has some celebrity as a summer resort on 
 account of its mineral springs. 
 
 The chief interest of the American tourist in regard to Canada, 
 however, is in getting througli it. While there are many things worthy 
 of note 'n connection with the homes of our cousins over tha border, 
 t'ley art best appreciated by a longer tarry than can be afforded by the 
 excursionist who makes a flying trip between the West and the East. 
 The pr«3,judice of the native American, so frequently manifested against 
 everything Canadian, is often as unfounded as it is vmreasonable. To 
 be sure, the difference between Canada and the States in habits and 
 
 
'sit to Detroit, 
 mile wide, ^iig- 
 ilc .siiiirt" »)i' the 
 itM'.s wiiieh ]>lv 
 1.' lakes. Tlie 
 c(!S " for t!\ose 
 [n tuldition to 
 nvlmsed Belle 
 lission are eii- 
 rill he the |iro- 
 c'oiiiparing fa- 
 Boat.s leaAC at 
 Iwai'd Avenue, 
 list to |)rolon<; 
 B too much of 
 vicinity in the 
 iHicient vai-iety 
 lit. The hotel 
 ing the Antis- 
 ?, Rice's Teni- 
 hou.ses, at all 
 
 1 81 to s.ino 
 
 iver is ciossed 
 mshipnient of 
 observes it for 
 of holding, in 
 stened to the 
 issengers and 
 lotioa, and in 
 )n the Canada 
 
 vLsion of the 
 
 it eiglit thou- 
 
 The town of 
 
 ner resort on 
 
 d to Canada, 
 things worthy 
 r tli3 border, 
 [forded by the 
 iiid the East, 
 fested against 
 isonable. To 
 n habits and 
 
 TIIK UOUTE THROUUII O.VNADA. 
 
 17 
 
 customs is sonietinu's .|uit.- marked, but fre.,upntly not more ho than 
 that existing between ditftsreut sections of our own country. lh(> rail- 
 road is .loing much toward the aiiuihilatioi. of all these ditf.'ivnces, by 
 facilitating iutercours.- and the comingliiig (.f the i-eople ot all sections. 
 The trip ihrough Canada is eia the Canada division, formerly the 
 
 CANADA SOUTHERN RAILWAY, 
 
 And istheonlv line through Ctinada under distiuctiively American man- 
 a^'emeiit. While the ]\Iicliigan division of the road contributes a large 
 arammt of local business, even to the e.vinvss trains, the less populous 
 districts of Canada are sutKciently accimimodated l)y the local trains, 
 allowing the through expresses to inak(! long and rai)id runs, with i\'w 
 stops. The fast New York exjn-ess, for instance, is timeil to make the 
 run from Windsor to St. Thomas, a distanc; of 111 mil.;s, with only a 
 single sto)), about mi.lway. The level country through xyhich the 
 road passes, with the long stretches of airiline, many miles in extent, 
 are con.Uieive to smooth and rapid running, and in this respect am].ly 
 compensates for any lack of beauty in the natural scenery. There are, 
 however, some quite interesting sections of country on the route. 
 
 St. Thomas, about midway of the line, is a city of some eight or 
 nine thousand inhabitants, and of considerable importance as a railroad 
 center. We hero cross the Great Western division of the Grand 
 Trunk, and connect with the St. Clair division of the Michigan Central, 
 and the Credit Valley Railway for Toronto. The leading hotels are 
 the Commercial, Queens, Hutchinson, Wilcox and Ll^gar. 
 
 At NiAGAHA Junction the train divides, and th it portion having 
 Buffalo for its objective point, proceeds, by way of Fort Erie and Black 
 Rock, to the Union Depot in Buflalo, while the other portion goes to 
 America's greatest pleasure resort via the Niagara Falls division of 
 
 the road. , 
 
 Shouhl the tourist choose to first visit Buflalo, he may i)roce d to 
 the Falls by later trains, which run at frecpient intervals during the 
 day between the two points. 
 
 THE CITY OF BUFFALO 
 Is of interest to the excursionist as one of the most important com- 
 mercial centers weft of New York City, and the focus of a large num- 
 ber of railroads. It has a magnificent harbor, one of the best on the 
 whole chain of lakes, its water front extending about five miles, half on 
 Lake Erie and half on Niagara River. Its grain elevators, some 
 thirty in all, have a storage capacity of nearly six millions of bushels, 
 and are capable of transferring about half that amount every twenty- 
 four hours. Ah the western terminus of the Erie Canal, and with its 
 lake shipping and railroad facilities, it has become the largest grain 
 iiort in America, with the single exception of New York City. 
 
 The traveler who may wish to prolong his stay in Buffalo will Hnd 
 a multitude of hotels, of all degrees of excellence. 
 
iHk. jtk. Jki itim jJk idk. ttk. Ml ail!k >(k Ai ]Ai jAr 
 
 ^Mi#i Niagara Falls. \ 
 
 I affi Mfjfi :igit »ffc :ifjfi •.'ign :>yui iff', wgf si^ii xyii Jijp ii||>' 
 
 F nil tht' |)lciis(ii'(" I'csoits on the 
 AiiH'iieaii cuntiiii'iit, |iiolial)ly 
 none receive anii'.mlly so inimy 
 visitors as tlic t'aiiioiis I'atai'ai.'t 
 wlitTc tilt' waters of tlie tipjier 
 lakes so yrandly plmit;e over 
 the ])recn|iiee on their way to 
 l/tke ( )ntario. The reasons for 
 this are. doiilitless, tii'st. the 
 wonilerfiil attractiveness of the 
 Fails as an olijeet of interest, 
 a7l(l. seet)nilly. their ease of ac- 
 cess, and the eonse(|neiit facility with which they may lie visited. Sit- 
 uated u|K)i; the main thoroiifihfare lietween the Kast and the West, 
 over which sucli a constant tide of travel is sin,i;in,i,' throujihout the 
 entire year, it reijuires hut little sacritice of time on the part of many 
 to pay them a visit. But these are merely the casual \isitors, in addi- 
 tion to whom thousands annually come from all jiarts of the land, and 
 from ovei' the ocean, to ;,'aze upon this far-fame(l catai'act. 
 
 We desi^rn to give in this cliaptei- such facts as shall serve as a 
 complet(! f,'uidt! for the tourist in visiting this resort, not only to all the 
 points of interest, hut such other information as sliall render liis visit 
 enjoyahle. Before entering into jiarticulars, we present a general de- 
 scription of Niagara, in a comjn'ehensive view, wliich will assist the 
 reader in under.standing tlie .several detailed descrijitions wliich follow. 
 Niagara River is tlie outlet of Lake Erie, connecting it with On- 
 tario, the lowest in tlie great chain of lakes, wliicli vinitedly are the 
 largest inland reservoirs in the wtn'ld. Tlie river is only '.V.\ miles in 
 length, and the total descent in that distance is X\\ feet. Lake ( )ntai io 
 heing that much lower tlian Erie, which is ;')(),') feet above sea level. 
 About a mile above the Falls the waters commence to descend with 
 srreat velocity, constituting what is known as the Rapid.s, secoml in in- 
 terest only to the Falls themselves, and adding to the interest of the 
 latter by giving such an increased velocity to the water in its }ilunge 
 ovei- tlie precipice. The total descent in tliis mile is 52 feet, and the 
 
:■*•••«- 
 
 ii'c- rcsoits on tlic 
 ntiiii'iit, |iiol)alily 
 anip.ially so iniiiiy 
 If t'iinioiis fatai'art 
 tt'fs of tlic tllllM'l' 
 
 iidly plniit;n omt 
 
 on tlii'ir way to 
 
 TIiH reasons for 
 
 lllltlfSS, til'St. till! 
 
 ractivcnt'ss of flin 
 ihjt'ct of interest, 
 , tlicir fast' of ao- 
 y lie visitml. Sit- 
 "st anil th.' West, 
 m tlifon^ihoiit the 
 tlu' ]iaft of many 
 il \ isitors, in aildi- 
 s of till' laliil. and 
 ract. 
 
 < shall si'ivc as a 
 not only to all the 
 11 rendei' liis visit 
 lent a general de- 
 leli will assist the 
 ions which follow, 
 leetinj; it with (>n- 
 1 tniitedly are the 
 s only '■'i'^ miles in 
 feet. Lake ( )ntario 
 t above sea level. 
 ) to descend with 
 pids, second in in- 
 lie interest of the 
 Fiter in its }iliinge 
 4 52 feet, and the 
 
 NIAIIAIIA FAM.H. 
 
 10 
 
 .ji;:t:i;;.:^j;t;;:;:Hi:;i;;?:SH:rh!;;:i;*™;:;,;;^ 
 :::;;;:ir'si:;;;i, 'ut :;»y ;:!' .L ....■ n... a ,.i„„ k,,,,. .w,, 
 
 will 111- d\dv descrilied in detail. _ , • 
 
 ,,f its l«iik». ..11.1 tliv lo|i..Bi-.|.l..y <f tlie '»''"''> ;'''"'- , ,,„.„,,i,., 
 
 ,,,„,. ,ni.„i.i, ,,,.ioii.ij..it»-;.32-T:t:t;r;l 
 
AMEKICAX FALL, KROM nEI.OW. 
 
MAIIAHA KAl.l.K. 
 
 21 
 
 --«&■' 
 
 **^^ 
 
 W: 
 
 ,l,,ir ,„VM.ut l....utiu,.. son... nny uh far .L.vvm an tl... hi-l. UMtfat l^rwis- 
 
 t„li. seven Hlil.s iVolll l.itkr Ontillio. 
 
 Tl.is nvrssiun is .!...■ t- tl..- .uti..n of the water n|".M the sect ..... . t 
 
 ,1... ,o.kv 1..-.1 whirl, hi.v.. s,„r..ssiv..ly f.ni...Ml th.' s.'.«e ot th." eutM.M.t. 
 
 iv'. Th.- M.ti.... ..!■ the spnvy ..n.l the vioie„.-e ..f the .eh....... ...« 
 
 wat.Ts. .......Im,..! IHThiTH with ..the,- .•aMs..s, w...v away the ... !.■.■ 
 
 Hhalv M,l.s..at...... ....til tl... ha..h..- l.Mt th......'.' n,.,.e.' .tn.t..m .-.mI- ..> 
 
 ln,.u...- s,.|.,....t the ...assiv.. wi^'i.t a...l l-.s.st tl..- vei.-.-. V .. tl..- ^at.-.s 
 
 ..."fell i .;.. the el.a.....-l helow. This tl.e..,_y .s al.m..la„ i.v .sMn...r..-.l 
 
 „.,t ..,.lv l.V tl..- a,.,,.-a,a,u-e of the Falls an.l the .-ha,...-!. L- I, s.-^^ 
 ,.,,.1 .,eJ...n-...-es ..t- exa.-tly this eha.-a.-t.-.-. .. iSl-N ..u.ss.v.- »'-«""'^ 
 fell fron. tl..- A....-.i.a.. fall. .....I i.. l^-'-^ ■- I'k- ..n-...-n-...-.- t.K.k ,.la..- u 
 
 the Hoi-sosl.u.- Fall, i,. .-a.-l. insta...-.- i..-...l...-in- a .-.....-..ss..... l.k.- a.. 
 
 *'"*' A'view ..f the Falls hy F-.ther Hel.l.eiiin, n.a.h- i.. th.- V.-a.- KmS 
 „,es.-,.ts tl..- f.-.-.tn.-e ..f a .listi...-t fall ..n the ( 'ana.la s..le s.,...ewl.at 
 ike that .... th.- A....-.-K-a,. si-h-. ...• ..ea.-ly at ri.ht^ angles -•''';;;-;; 
 f„ll. This was oeeasi.„.e.l hy a ^reat ..u-k. svh..-h .l.v,.le. th.- .;- nt 
 „hI t...-..e.l a ,....ti.... of it in that .lin-etU.n. an-l wl,..-l. has ..v„l.-..tlv 
 
 sim-e fall.-... (S iijjiaviii^' ..n piiye ;«i.) , ., ,. , , , ,.,. 
 
 lluw lo,.;r a tin.e w.a.l.l l.e .-.,.m-e.l f.T th.- Falls to .e.-e.h- t.. L.k 
 Krie. is of e.a..-se e..njeet,..al. as ..o .lata ,.f snllu-,.-... .el.al.lU ' 
 
 estahlisl....! f,o... which t., u.ake a n.l.-..la. ..-n. ''"''•;:''• '\!;,'" ,,' 
 
 !,V so,..e .e..l...ists that hiui.e.- U,. th.- v.v.-.- tl..- t...mat..... ..t he . .1 .h 
 
 ..f S....1. a:-l.a.-;c-t.-,- as to s,.ee.-ssf„lly .-.-sist .h.- t,.,the. .....-.•..aeh, ...-,. 
 
 the wat.-.- in that .li.v.-tion. the l.anl fo.n.at..... Im-u.- ot ■rf.-at.-. .LptU 
 
 ""''.";;";;: th.. ......sent .e...-n.tion Nia.a.a Falls will .-.-...ai.. a.. .....--t 
 
 of iii-eat int.-.est, an.l will .lunl.tl.-ss .-outinue to .v.-.-.v.-, as "' '" l';'^ j 
 tl.e visits ..f -n-at ni..ltit...h-s .,f to...-istH. .-ith.-i- ..n a,-.-o....t ..t tl..-.. ....I 
 
 atti-aetivt-n. ss. «>.- h.-.-.n.s.- it is the fasl.i.)... 
 
 With this ,enen.l vi.-w ..f tl.e Falls, tl.e .-a.!.-.- w.ll he ,..e,.a.v, to.- 
 the .h-tails, wirieh. take,, toj.'etl.er. ,.iake ^^V th- .......,.,-..|..-..s.v.- who - , 
 
 a...lwl.iel. eonstit.tte a visit to Nia«a.-a an .-v.-nt .-.-pl.-t.- w ,th last...- 
 
 '""hi^lraets not a littl.- tV..n. th.- .-n.i.;y.n.-nt of the ^^V'-l^^l^-^'^^^l 
 that at this ..-sort the ...h-ntal .h-n.a... f..r •' l.aeksl.eesh ,. -e a Is 
 the ,..o.lifie.l form of tolls, fe..s, etc., ,.n.l that tvhat ,s h.-,-.- ''".I" " 
 
 the line of si^-ht-seeinji n.ust ho pai.l for. \ -t this is not ., 1. < n- 
 .ler.-.l at when we consi.U-r that the parties wl... "^;;;^/' " ^' ' ; f ' 
 «,-o.,n.l must thus re..,, from it a sustaii.ing harvest. W hat is M - 
 matelv .h-man.le.l of tl.o visitor i,i the way of ..Is an.l a. n.i - i 
 ,nav ho considere.l as a sine ,,ua non, an.l sho.ih not m th- "'^ " ' 
 his pleasure, .iS he receives in such cases a lull e.,uival.-ut to, his 
 .-xpeiuUtiire. 
 
22 
 
 niir.MlO Tf> TIIK HKA. 
 
 •TRICKS THAT ARK |NOT ALWAYS] VAIN." 
 
 Mh'IVHc.II.. tllini;, iM.Wrv.T, ul.irl, no t.,.l,ist i. |.|..,Mn.,l tn uu-ri 
 
 Villi rn„i|Mmi.i-... mimI whirl, |h- will 1 t„ yiiMnl ..-.liiit linv inm,.|v 
 
 »-.vt..m,.n. or an mirvi l-l „v .,nr..„s .1.. .l..,,,,,,,,! fur in-m.-v in ,.mv' 
 
 '""'" *'"■ '^••'•vi'-« iM't .•..iitim fur unv sn|.|M..s...| to 1... in H,.' in.nkH. 
 
 
 s v: ^^'^ 
 
 -a»t^2^ 
 
 Ji,,f-*=S*= 
 
 IIOUSE8IIOE FALLS AND KAIMKS. 
 
 Miieli 1ms b.-(.n siiid im.l wvitteii about tlu; cxtoi'tions of Niagara Inu-k 
 im-n until tli.-iy i.ractitT.s have l.econ.o a l.ywonl. In justicT- to some 
 of lR.se ui.hvidualH it shoiil.l la- sai.l tliat tl,.Me are aiuo,,.' then, hon- 
 oral. e men who w-il .lo l.v you just as they a«ree, au.l will make no 
 .■tloit to .letrau.l. It is always safe, however, to make an a-ivement 
 ^^•lth your driver as to the service he is to render von. an.l just what 
 you are to pay him in return. When the terms of vour contract are 
 met. mrepf nojtn-ther service without »,i,fei\^f,ut</hi,/ its roxt 
 
VAIN." 
 
 |iii'|iiir('il tn ini'i'l 
 
 tiiiiit lii'if, iiiiiiH'ly, 
 
 till- inuiicv in |i;iv 
 
 •"' in till' iiiiirkft. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■y*!. 
 
 <f' Niayaiii Imrk- 
 jiistifc to SOUR- 
 inoii;,' thciii hoii- 
 ul will iiiiikt- ii(» 
 ke an agifciueiit 
 .1. aiul just what 
 iiur conti'aet aiv 
 ifs run/. 
 
 MAIIAUA KAI.I.M. 
 
 X\ 
 
 Till' iii'i'il of tliis |.r«-cantioii will I"- a|i|Mnviil from tlif following 
 fa.'tN, 'I'Ik' lawful rat.' for fa living' a p.is^'iiufi' fioiii oiu- |M.iiil to an 
 other in the villap'M al«)iit thi' Kails ix ifty .•.■iitM, nv owr ilollar from 
 \illa«i' to \illagi>; vet a ilrivtT will fic'|iii'ntly i>ll<'i' to .'airy a 
 |ia>,srimfr for ''ti rrti'fs. One.' ill the fiiiriaK'-. Imwi'Vir, la- is muM to 
 MT this ami that point of inti'ivNt. ami wiih tin- nn'inoiv of tin tfii fcnt 
 oltT as a liasis for |.roH|.fcti\f i\|h'|im'h, la- oftm . ii'Ms to tin' im|><a 
 iMiiitii'H of thf hiickniaii. until he timlH to liis .li-n i\ that \\r has run 
 
 u|i a l.ill. l.v thr l.'i;)il tariir. of from tin to fi\.' .lollais. Whilf thr 
 
 hian is .haiKin^ him oulv what thf law allows him to collri't, thr \ir^ 
 tiiii is ihaj;rini'il at tin- mcthoil hy whirh it is rstorti'il from him, ami 
 it rankli'H as an unpl.Msaiit lufinory in his othcrwisr pli'asuraMf vrr 
 ollfctioiiM of his visit. 
 
 \V,. iiavf I n thuis explicit in livatini,' upon a suli.ifcl to which iici 
 
 Niaj;ara Kuidc hook we have ever seen «ivcs more than a passiiiji allu 
 sioiiTin onlcr that the tourist may know what toox|MMt. ami how to 
 lufct it in till- very outset. If you choose to accept of a hackman's •■ ten 
 cent" otl'er. he sure that you take no more than is ••iHaiiinatecl in tla^ 
 
 lioli.l." lest with tl pouml of tlesii " there come a drop of l.looil moiv 
 
 costly than all the rest. 
 
 THE FIRST VIEW OF THE FALLS. 
 
 The approach to Nia;;ara, l>y the line of the .Michi;,'aii Central, is hy 
 a route nearly parallel with the' river, from al.ove on the t'aiiaila shore, 
 and isl.eyond <|iiestion. the hesi view to he had from any railroad train 
 coiiveviii},' its passenjj;ers neai the place. As the train dr.iws near the 
 luiiility ciitaraut, the foamin«; rapiils ai.ovi- the Fails l.urst upon the 
 view, as if to itrepure the mind for the exhihiuoii of resistU-.ss power to 
 1..' revealed in the ;;rand pluiijie of waters into th ■ ahvss helow. 
 
 ' In a few momeuts the train I'omes to a halt in full view of the Falls. 
 with the Horseshoe or Canada Fall in the for.'^n'ound. and <ioat Island 
 imd the Americau Fall directly across the river, with the deej) f,'ur;;e 
 hetweeu through which the river flu^vs, spanned hy the new suspension 
 hridtre. The picture thus presented is one of surpassiuj,' hcauty. 
 WliiU' a nearer view will impress the mind more conifiletely with the 
 Kuhlime iiiajestv of the cataract, the comprehensive <;r(iupin^' here pre- 
 sented will linger in the mind of a true lover of the Iteautiful, laomi- 
 nent among the '• pictures that hang on memory's wall." 
 
 The througli pas.sengers, who make no tarry at the Falls, ri-main in 
 the cars untirthe train arrives at Suspension Hriilge. twij miles helow, 
 this arrangement continuing for the present season, until the comple- 
 tion of the new hridge now in process of erection hy the Michigan ( Vn- 
 tral Comi»any. When this structure is com[)leted, the trains will cross 
 the river in full view of the Falls. This, in addition to the view now 
 oiitained from the train, will prove a strong attraction to through trav- 
 elers, inducing them to come hy this route.. 
 
u 
 
 I : 
 
 ■ 'I 
 i I 
 
 24 
 
 CIlKAtiO TO 'I'lIK SKA. 
 
 NIAGARA FALLS, ONTARIO. 
 
 Tliis villii.'c, fonm-ilv known as Clifton. cxt.Muls along tlic Canada 
 «hoiv of Niajrara Kivcr. from n.-ai- tli.^ Falls to the lailroaa siispcnsion 
 l)ri.l<'c Tin- to.nist wlio wishes to inspect tlie eataiaet lirst troni (lie 
 C.na.la si.l.'. leav 's the tram at ^s.a-ara Falls station : and should he 
 choose to Hud a t.'niporaiv ahidin- j.laee on ti:e Canada snle, he will 
 tind several well-ki'iit hotels, at ju^iees va-ving atrordmg to awonnno- 
 
 i!1 
 
 AMI-.UU.VN l-.Vl.l., A> s1:i:N IKOM ( ANAOA SIDE. 
 
 dations desired. The largest and most conunodiuus of these is the 
 Ci.li'Tox iruisK. whieh has been open to th(! pulilie for more than forty 
 years, and has estahlished a reputation as h) all respects a iirst-elass 
 hi'ise. 
 
 Tin: Piiosi'|-.(T llorsi; is almost on the very verge ot the balls, 
 lieiiiiT l,„.ated at Talile iloek. an.l eonuuai'ds a tine view. The house 
 has an e\eellent reputation, its pations lieing anion" the most eele- 
 hrated of the visitors, lioth from America and ahroad. 
 
 The liiUNswiCK. located a litth' farther down the hank than the 
 house just mention.-iL— just far enough, the j.roprietor claims, to he 
 free from the amioyauce of mist ami spiay, l>ut suthcieutly near to give 
 a beautiful pros]H''ct from its windows and h^'.honies,— furnishes a 
 pleasant stopping place, less pretentious than sor.ie of its larger rivals, 
 but with all its iip)ioiutments complete, and well calculated to promote 
 the comfort of its patrons. It can take good care of lai'ge or small 
 parties. an<l is indeed a desiraldi- stoi)ping place for tho.se who wish to 
 tarry for a sin!,de day. or f ,:• a longer period, th- *-»nns being modenito 
 and the fare excellent. 
 
NIAGARA PALLS. 
 
 25 
 
 0. 
 
 ids iiloiii; till' ('aiiada 
 ic railroiul siisjiciisiuii 
 itiiiiK-t tirst from llm 
 iitioii ; 1111(1 slumld he. 
 ( 'iiiiiidii side, lie will 
 Lriirdiii^' ti) ai'comiiii)- 
 
 )A SIDE. 
 
 r)diuus of tlit'so is the 
 lie for more than foity 
 11 icsi»'(;ts a lirst-idass 
 
 ry vt'i'go of till' Falls, 
 tint' view. Tlii' hoiiso 
 anion;' tlio most ri'li'- 
 ii'iiad. 
 
 vii till' liaiik than tlio 
 ■oprirtor claims, to In' 
 uirticii-ntly nrar to i^ive 
 Ic'.li onii's,— funiishcs a 
 >nii' of its larger rivals, 
 1 cak'ulatod to pionioti,' 
 earn of larui' or small 
 for tlio.sf who wisli to 
 i; *-»nns l)(;iii" inodi.'rato 
 
 Other houses there are on this side, of which the limits of this work 
 fo' hid even a mention. Indo.-d, the provisions for the care of tourists 
 indicat.. that for a consideral.le portion ot the year a least, that con- 
 stitutes hv far the largest husiness of the dwellers in the vicuuty 
 
 The Canada shore can claim one point over all other localitu s in 
 the vicinity of the Falls, in being the only place where a good view ot 
 
 TABLE UOCK. 
 
 tlie catarac. can he had without the payiiumt of toll or '^'^l^^'l;}''^' ^^ 
 The etfort nowheing made to create a puhlic park on the Niv Yoik 
 shore, and thus secure similar privileges m the "land ot the ... is 
 attracting much attention from tourists. Its results aie as } t coii^ 
 "tural,t,utsomucli has the value of the property l-conie enhanced 
 V 1 e verv practices which this plan proposes to ahohsh. it seems uo v 
 m,e a great undertaking to accomplish what a tew years ago would 
 have been much more easily brought about. 
 
 There are opportunities, however, to pay tees on the (. ai.ida sidi. 
 and to receive an ei,uivalent in return. A staircase leading to the o- 
 of the Horseshoe Fall, permits a tine view from below, and m addition 
 
r^7jKBaBB««. 
 
 26 
 
 CHICAGO TO THE SEA. 
 
 a visit to the cavernous recess under Talile Eock and Horseshoe Fall. 
 For the latter excursion, watei -proof suits and the services of a njuide 
 are necessary, and the ex]jerience is one long to be remembered. 
 
 TABLE ROCK. 
 
 Tal)le Kock itself is an object of much curio.sity. It is an overhanj^- 
 ing cliH", extending along the bank to the very junction with the Horse- 
 shoe Fall. Its shape and dimensions have la^en several times changed 
 within the memory and observation of the present generation, anil "the 
 oldest inhabitants " remember it as projecting far beyond its present 
 limits. In July, 1818, a mass some thirty or forty feet wide, and 
 about one hundred and sixty feet in length, fell into the bed of the 
 river. In .December, 18l'8, three .sections, comprising a very largo 
 portion of the overhanging clitf, and extending to the verge of the 
 Horseshoe Fall, broke otl" and fell with a tei-rible crash. In the sum- 
 mer of 18L'9, another large mass separated an<l fell, and in June, 18r)(), 
 still another, the latter about (JO feet wide by !.'()(» long. The prt.'cipice 
 still hangs far out over the perpendicular, and with these losse>- in 
 view, the reader can readily imagine its appearan.ce before the ac-tion of 
 ;he elements had robbed it of so much that made it celelirated. 
 
 Several othei- oVijects of interest are to lie seen on the Canada side, 
 which will be mentioned further on in these pages, and we will now 
 proceed to a description of the principal objects of interest immediately 
 connected with the Falls. In crossing the river to the American 
 shore, the visitor has a choice of two methods. He may descend the 
 bank and cross by the ferry, or may go over the New Susjiension 
 Bridge. If intending to return, he will 'lo -'-.ell to go over by the 
 bridge and re-cross by the ferry. 
 
 THE NEW SUSPF:NSI0N BRIDGE. 
 
 This structure, although opened to the public in 18G9, is still called 
 the new Viridge, to distinguish it from its elder Virother, two miles 
 below. Previous to the construction of the New York ami Brooklyn 
 bridge, it was the longest suspension britlge in the world, its roadway 
 being 1,:K)0 feet in length, and its cables l,8<it> feet long. It is I'JO 
 feet above the river, being suspended from two towers, each l!IO feet in 
 height. Access may be had to the interior of the towers, and very tine 
 views aie obtained from their summits. 
 
 From the bridge itself a magnilicent view of the Falls may be had, 
 die tinest, in fact, to be secured from any one point, the entire line of 
 the cataract being embraced in a single glance, and in closer proximity 
 than is imssible elsewhere, except from below. The view down the 
 river is also a fine one, comjirising the deep gorge through which the 
 stream flows, with its precipitous banks on either hand, and the Rail- 
 road Suspension Bridge in the distance. 
 
 The strength of the new bridge is estimated by the engineers as 
 
NlAdAUA FALLS. 
 
 27 
 
 1(1 Horseshoe Fall, 
 services of a ;;;»iicle 
 memhered. 
 
 It is an overlian^- 
 )ii with the Horse- 
 •rn] times changed 
 neratioi), ami "the 
 eyond its present 
 i-ty feet wide, an<l 
 :o the Led of the 
 sing a very largo 
 
 the verge of tin? 
 ish. In the sum- 
 md in June, 1S.")(), 
 iig. The iirt'cijiice 
 ith these losses in 
 lefore the ac-tion of 
 ;elel)rated. 
 1 the Canada side, 
 , and we will now 
 terest immediately 
 
 to the xlmerican 
 ! may descend the 
 > New Suspension 
 :o go over by the 
 
 18G0, is still called 
 irothei', two miles 
 ork anil Brooklyn 
 world, its roadway 
 long. It is I'JO 
 •s, each lUO feet in 
 kvers, and very tine 
 
 Falls may he had, 
 , the entire line of 
 in closer proximity 
 lie view down the 
 through which the 
 md, and the Rail- 
 
 y the engineers as 
 
 thirteen times greater than sutKcient to hear any weight that can |X)S- 
 silily lie placed upon it. The year of its conipleti<m it was sulijected to 
 the stnerest gale it lias ever had to withstand, and siifcly and success- 
 fully " weatiierecl the lilast." All fears, therefore, as to its security in 
 orilinarv weiUiier, are entirely groundless. 
 
 VIEW Of TUE FALLS FKOM THE FEUKY. 
 
 Reaching the .Ir.ierican sliore hy this method of crossing, the first 
 point of interest is 
 
 PROSPECT PARK. 
 
 Depositing the fee of 2.") cent.s at the toll-gate, we aie soon within the 
 piivileged domain. The grounds are what were formerly known as the 
 "Ferry Grove" and "Point View," and jacvious to their im)irovement 
 were free to the public. The Company who purchased them, however, 
 have providt^d an almost endless variety of artiticial adjuncts to render 
 the place attractive, and the small fee exacted for admission is not, 
 therefore, an unreasonable one. 
 
 At the verge of the American Fall, they have constructed a solid 
 wall a.t wliatis now called "Prospect Point," extending it all along the 
 lirink of the precipice, thus rendering secure from accident the place 
 where the tinest view of the Fall can be obtained. Looking nj) the 
 stream, the foaming rajiids. white-cre.sted and tuinultuotis. greet the 
 vision in a continuous stretch, until water and sky seem to blend. In 
 
\ •' 
 
 "f* 
 
 i i ii i 'inyiiiii i ilii lS i 
 
 28 
 
 CHICAGO TO THE SEA. 
 
 i I 
 
 ■ ir 
 
 tlie immediate foreground is the American Fall, its waters almost in 
 reach of the outstretched hand. Directly across tlie stream are Luna 
 and Goat Islands, while sweeping away to the right in a grand curve, 
 is the Hors ishoe Fall. The Americiin Fall is year by year assuming 
 the horseshoe form, by the wearing siway of the cliri" in the center, the 
 indentation in the front line of the Fall being quite prominently visible 
 from Prospect Point, althoiigh less noticeable from a front view. 
 
 The visitor who may l)e disposed to carry away a souvenir of this 
 locality will find a skillfii! photographer in rea<liness to make j)ictures, 
 stereoscopic or otherwise, of from one to twenty j)ersons, with both the 
 American and the Horseshoe Fall as a l)ackgi-ound. 
 
 Near the Point is located a bazaar for the sale of curiosities, in 
 itself a museum well worthy of a visit, whether to purchase be the in- 
 tention, or only to insjiect the artichis exposed for sjile. 
 
 Tlie Feny House is near the center of the Park, and is the upper 
 termijial station of the 
 
 INCLINED PLANE RAILWAY. 
 
 A timnel has been cut from the clifl' to the margin of the river, at 
 an angle of about thirty degrees, and within it is built the railway, by 
 the side of which is a flight of stairs, numbering 2'J() steps. The cars 
 are raised and lowered by machinery, operated by a turbine wheel, and 
 are so arranged that one ascends while the ether descends. This rail- 
 way has been in successful operation, without a casualty, for nearly 
 forty yeai's. The timid, however, to whom the descent appears peril- 
 ous, have the choice of the staii'way for reaching the river, and many 
 prefer to trust their own limbs in the climb, l)ut are generally glad to 
 iivail tluiuseives of the car in returning. At the foot of the stairs, a 
 commodious building has been ei'ected, from which a ^iew of the Falls 
 from below may be had through windows which protect the visitor 
 from the spray. A nearer view may be obtained by donning a water- 
 jnoof suit, for which facilities are provi<led in the divssing rooms, and, 
 with a trusty guide, taking a prouu^nade upon " Hurricau" I'iidge," at 
 the very foot of the American Fall, completing the trip by going he- 
 hind the cataract itself, which may be done in safety, and constitutes 
 a novel experience. The cavernous recess behind the curtain of falling 
 water extends nearly to the center of the Fall, and is tilled \\ ith the 
 dashing spr-y which i)erpetually rises from the cauldron of waters. 
 The loar of the cataract echoes Jind re-echoes within this chamber, the 
 etl'ect being heightened by tiie comjnession of the air; and the combined 
 ert'ect upon the senses as one thus stands as it were within the very 
 grasp of Nature's most powerful forces, serves to show the contrast 
 between janiy man and his omnipotent Creator. 
 
 Between the foot of the Inclined Plane and the Canada shore, a 
 line of ferrv boats has been established, attbrding a safe and pleasant 
 method of transit between those points, and a view of the Falls from 
 the river level. The best time for this trip is early m the morning or 
 
 
NIAOARA FALLS. 
 
 29 
 
 ers til most in 
 itiin are Luna 
 I grand curve, 
 'ear aHsuming 
 he center, the 
 nently visible 
 t view. 
 
 iivenir of this 
 iiake j)ictures, 
 with both the 
 
 curiosities, in 
 ise be the in- 
 
 is the u}n«'r 
 
 f the river, at 
 he railway, by 
 !ps. The cars 
 ine wheel, and 
 Is. This rail- 
 Ity, for nearly 
 app'^ars peril- 
 ^er, and many 
 lerally glad to 
 f the stairs, a 
 w of the Falls 
 ect the visitor 
 nning a water- 
 ng rooms, and, 
 n- bridge," at 
 ip by going he- 
 ind constitutes 
 rtain of falling 
 Hlled \\ ith the 
 ■on of waters. 
 s chamber, tiie 
 d the combined 
 'ithin the very 
 w the contrast 
 
 'anada shore, a 
 3 and pleasant 
 the Falls from 
 tlie morning or 
 
 an hour or two before sunset, and the impressions made upon the mind 
 in connection with it, will be among the most lasting of all the recollec 
 
 '"' R^^S" the Park by the stairway or the car, as the traveler 
 nray £ we continue our e.xamination of the objects of interest to 1^ 
 fo md within its limits. Its shady groves and .leasan -;lks e, - 
 nants of the natural forest improved by ^^^ ^K^ \^^ 
 deli.'htful resting T.laces or promenades ; an.l its Art (..alleij, Lonteit 
 Hal! Pi ion, aiid other provisions for entertainment, serve o engage 
 t"e attention of the visitor, and make pleasant the hours that pass 
 while within the Park. 
 
 ELECTRIC ILLUMINATION. 
 One of the most enjoyable features of the visit to Pvospi-ct Park is 
 that Zv d^lfor the hours of evening. The illumination ot the 1 alls 
 td bun ins by the electric light is a pleasing spectacle, and we 
 wo C of a tariy to see. The electricity for the purpose is ^ evelq^d 
 vTv one of the largest sized dynamo machines, kept in operation by a 
 powerful turbine wheel, located in the Ferry build ng, the -atei--power 
 slplied by a canal. The brilliant light thus produced is conc.ntra d 
 umm Uie F'^Hs and Rapids, both in clear white and with prismati^ 
 eCs, Tendering them eU more beautiful by night than m the lull 
 
 ^'°'if tranc^ement of fountains in which the waters are made to 
 assume a vaHetV of shapes, with revolving wheels an.l jets o spray, 
 Se X;^ mninLate.l with shifting lights of all ^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 exhibition amply rewarding a long journey to ^^^^^■^^'^ ^^^^.^ 
 fascinated by he everchanging colors an.l gorgeous eri.^cts, mo .> b , u 
 tift 1 than anv pyrotechnic display, which it very much resenibles, only 
 '^"hintensitie.! -brilliancy of coL.ring, an.l more enduring in torni. 
 
 GOAT ISLAND. 
 
 PassiiK' out at the gate of Prospect Park, a short walk brings us to 
 
 the toll hmis.. of G.mt Islan.l, at the end of the bridge leading across to 
 
 te ^'oup of islands which divide the cataract into is wo <'- .^n^^; « 
 
 mrts The largest of these bears the above name, which was guen to 
 
 Ft fm. a Uivial circumstance, illustrating how easi y a lucknam.. ..r 
 
 tie ".ctmes fast^ie.l " to stay " with a tew -petitions even h.m^^^^^ 
 
 I 1 M.>..,i tLnri •! centnrv a 'o. a Mr, Jonn oieuuiciu 
 
 T:^^zrk ti^^ip^r :;;.r^ruid, and turougn i^gie.. 
 
 it^tr su^ere.1 to remail uncared for .luring t^™t.i^ ^n^ <h.^ 
 from exposure. Hence the name, whi.di adheres to it, in prettience 
 ;*« .iiithnriyed name of '■ Iris Island. . , , , i 
 
 'Se group comprises, in all, some seventeen islands nj-ui, 
 small, co?ering about sixty acres. The property ^f "f ^.«J V^f.^ 
 of the late Judge Porter, to whom it was ce.led b> the fetate ot JNew 
 York in 1818. Its possession at that time was regarded as of little 
 
80 
 
 CHICAOO TO THK SEA. 
 
 coiistMiuenoc, and tlie attempt to put a luidj,'!- across was (IcciiumI fool- 
 hardiness ; but it is said tliat an otler of a million and a half dollars 
 has recently lieen refused for tht^ estate. 
 
 The first bridge was a frail strueMiie, and was soon carri* d awa,'. 
 It was replaced i)y a stronger one. which stood from 1818 to 18")(i, 
 when it was removed, and the present elegant structure substituted. 
 The foundations are luavy oaken ciibs, tilled with stone and plated 
 ■with iron. The bridge itself is ol" iron, in four arches, each of ninety 
 
 OOAT-ISLANl) BKIUOB. 
 
 i 
 
 m 
 
 feet span, making a total length of three hundred and sixty feet. Its 
 width is twenty-seven feet, comprising a double carriageway, with foot- 
 way on eitlier side. The liridge is a favorite place from which to view 
 the Rapids, as the waters near the )>recipice below. 
 
 The first island of the group is Bath Island, which is utilized as the 
 site of manufacturing enteipiise, a large i)aper-mill occujjying a posi- 
 tion to command some portion of the splendid water-power so idly 
 expending itself for naught. Crossing by a bridge of a single span to 
 Goat Island, we iind ourselves in a spot wliere Nature has been com- 
 paratively undisturbed. The forest remains almost in its primeval 
 simplicity, which fact renders this a most charming and ix)i)ular resort. 
 Indeed, a visit to Niagara would be sadly incom])lete were Goat Island 
 and its attractions to be omitted. 
 
 Ascending a slight rise from the bridge, the road leads into a shady 
 forest, and branches in three directions. The best method of visiting 
 the points of interest is to first turn to the right, and follow the road 
 or path to the foot of the Island, emerging from the forest near the 
 stairway and bridge leading to 
 
 li 
 
NIAtlAKA FALLS. 
 
 31 
 
 is (k't'iiu'd fool- 
 a half (l(>l!ars 
 
 i carri* il awa,'. 
 I LSI 8 to 1S."»(), 
 ire Hiilistittitecl. 
 une ami plated 
 each of ninety 
 
 sixty feet. Its 
 way, witli foot- 
 1 which to view 
 
 i utilized as the 
 icujjving a posi- 
 •-power so idly 
 I single span to 
 
 has been com- 
 n its primeval 
 
 ix)i)ular resort, 
 ere Goat Island 
 
 ds into a shady 
 hod of visiting 
 follow tlie road 
 forest near the 
 
 LUNA ISLAND. 
 Tliis small l.ut pleasant little islet divides the American Fall into 
 two sections, the stream over which we cross from (loat Island c.Misti- 
 t<, in-' what is knov>-n as the Center Fall, I.eneath which is the (a ve ot 
 the Winds. The island lies low, and tlu^ visit.n- may touch th.- water 
 with the hand. The verg(^ was formerly unguarded, hut an iron railing 
 now prevents a repetiti.m of the melancholy "mdent that occM.nvd 
 here on the -Jlst of June, \f<V.\ when the family ot Mr. Defor.'st, of Hut- 
 f.-lo, incompanv witii a friend, Mr. Charles Ad.lington, were visiting llu' 
 scene. The latter, plavfully catching up Annette, the little daughter 
 of Mr. Deforest, said, •' I am going to throw you in. With a su.ldeii 
 impulse, the child sprang from his arms into the water. Hornhed at 
 the result of his pleasantry, Mr. A.ldington sprang aft.n- her. and both 
 were imme,liatelv carried over the Falls. The mangled ivma.ns o he 
 child w.-re recovered the same day, in the Cave ot the Winds, and the 
 l,odv of the unfortunate young man a few days later. 
 
 Keturning to Goat Island, a short walk l.nngs us to the building 
 used as the dressing-room in which to prepare for a visit to the 
 
 "CAVE OF THE WINDS." 
 
 This trip is ma.le bv la.lies as well as gentlemen, water-proof suits 
 beincr provided for a^iv who wish to explore tl«' famous cavern, and 
 experienced guides are in rea<liness to accompany the visitor, llie 
 descent to the foot of the clitf is here made without the aul ot machin- 
 ery, by means of a spiral staircase known as 
 
 "BIDDLE'S STAIRS." 
 
 This structure takes its name from the Hon. Nicholas Biddle, the 
 well-known president of the United States Bank, at whose expense the 
 enterprise of building it was cairied out in 1829. The bank at this 
 place is IH.-i feet high. Part of this descent is accomplished by an 
 open s;iirway, of onlinary inclination, and the remainder by tlie per- 
 pendicular siiaft or tower, which is 80 feet high, the whole comprising 
 
 ' From" the foot of the tower, a pathway to the right, under the 
 shadow of the overhanging clitf, leads to the Center Fall, which consti- 
 tutes the aquoous curtain of " Lotus' Cavern.' A secure stairway 
 leads to the entrance of the Cave, and the visitor passes under the 
 Fall, into the stormy recess made in the solid rock. The Cavern ce- 
 rives its name from the i)eculiar atmosiiheric eliects produced tiy the 
 action of the falling water, the compression of the air establislung a 
 perpetual tempest,' like that in which ^olus, the god ot the wind, is 
 
 said to dwell. ,,„,., i -i. ■ *. 
 
 The Cave is 100 feet higli bv 100 deep and ICO long, and its exist- 
 ence is due to the action of the 'waters upon the shale, leaving the more 
 solid limestone rock overhanging. 
 
I 
 
NlAdAHA FALLS. 
 
 :{;{ 
 
 As on., of tlu- n.anv nowl ..x,H-nnu-.'H to ».e i..H u. u v.Hit t 
 Niaiua iH trip throUKh tl.is Cuv. will l-.v.- a lasting nni.n'ss.oM 
 u, n .'• ■...■• Tb. H..nsatio„s which win.l an.l stor.n w.ll always 
 : .V a ■ I ■ int,.nsitie.l hy th. nov.-hj^.f th. sunouml,M,s an.1 
 h ali tion oftl... fact that th. fom-s ot Nature an- |«TlH-tuallv u- 
 on/, li hi « .T.. what tlu.v oaasiouully i.ro.luco n the o.iter wor M. 
 a! ; o S the s,iee of personal risk, .vally less th.n. .t s..n.s to he. 
 ,„.l the reeollections of the <.eeasiou w.ll he v.vi.l an 1 •■">"«;. ;„ 
 Kron. the foot of the stairway, another ,.ath lea.ls < ''' '^' ' '. 
 fVont, an.l still a,...th.-r towar.l th.- Cana.l-Mn ov H'>«'«''f. "'■*'''',., ,', 
 ,t.. isl.ut litth- ns...l. a...l is n..t k.-pt m go'"l/-"'>^^ ""•,?; "^.j 
 seatlohlin.' KMl f.'et 1.1^1.. er.rt...l near th.- .stairway in l^-- ^ 
 P t i ul.' his fanious lea,, into the riv.-r. suec-sslully aecon.l.l.slm.^' 
 .VieatVu'e .v,'.titi..n ..f .hich at Uenes«ee Falls, shortly alter, cost huu 
 
 '" Keturnin« to the hank ahov.., an.l continuing the walk along th.> 
 l.rink, the next intere»th»g point ot ol.s.-rvation is 
 
 TERRAPIN BRIDGE AND ROCK. 
 
 \ stiii-wav lea.ls .h.wn t.. the I'.ri.l-e. which crosses over to th.j 
 K.,ck ^^ rS lorty years th.- w.-ll-known Terra,in Tower consti n U^ 
 , l.n.ln.ark t.. l,.- se.-n from all .Un,.cti..ns, stan.in.g as it . i.l at tli' 
 
 t^v..,.n two rocks wh.'U he was .Uscov.m-.mI hy some ot the citizens. wm> 
 :: .n ."t^ift. Unes. wMcI. he sncc-e.le.l in i^.stenuig .u-oun. h. 
 1,.;;;;. H- was cani.-! t.. a hot.-l. an.l remame.l sp.-..cliless toi s.-v. lal 
 hours, so great was th.; sh...-k to his nervmis system. 
 
 THE CANADIAN OR HORSESHOE FALL, 
 
 \. hich is h.-re seen to the best a.l vantage, is about 144 ro.ls ^''-^^;l 
 158 eet high. The .l.-pth ..f tlu- wat.-r in th.^ center is estmiate I at 
 feet An^KiK-riment t.. .l.-monstrate the -lepth was made in l.^--. 
 ^•un^Jhy v..sse., ..rawing IS l.et ^^^^^^ J^^^^t^ 
 to more than -JO feet, was sent over the Falls, an.l cle.utd tht ieclge 
 
 "^'S n^;;;^'" Horseshoe •' is har.lly true t., the present shape, winch 
 is now inoe nearly rectangular. The horseshoe curve has been maim 
 bvthlwuL of portions of the cliflf at various times, until its onginal 
 sUt'tn las nea y aeparte.l. The precipice near the Terrapin Tower 
 hrsutierel; loss from tins cause, until it was legardecl as unsafe to 
 continue the use of the Tower, an., it was removed in 1 b - .5. 
 
rr 
 
 84 
 
 CIIICAOO TO TIIK SKA. 
 
 Along tilt' south sliorc of thf isluiitl, tlii' walk or ilrivc towaril tiic 
 enst ktwpH in vii-w tin- lupMs, and Icails ns m-xt to tin- group known iw 
 tlie 
 
 THREE SISTER ISLANDS. 
 
 Tiiosc an' (•onnfctcd with (ioat Island and with one another hy 
 three handsome l)ridges. atl'ording a niagniticent view of the Hapiils, 
 the liest, in fact, to lie had from any jioint of ol^'ervation. The Heeno 
 proHented from the outer island, as you gaze up the river, u|)on the 
 
 TERRAPIN TOWER.— REMOVED IN \»i:i 
 
 vast expanse of foaming, turbulent water, seemingly thi-eatening to 
 overwhelm you and the grouml on which you stand, ami yet dividing 
 as it passes yon, or abatiiig its fury as it reaches the shore at your feet, 
 is one to fill the soul with admiration and awe, as, i>erha])s, no other 
 view can do. The outlook from the bridges also awakens jmculiar 
 emotions. Standing only a few feet above the rapidly coursing torrent 
 as it passes beneath you, the thought comes to the mind that here at 
 least, " there is but a step betwixt time and eternity." The fascina- 
 tion increases as Ihe gaze is prolonged, and the mind which cannot be 
 
NIAllAKA KAI.l.H. 
 
 85 
 
 •»' towarti tlio 
 'oiip known iiH 
 
 ic iinotlicr l)y 
 
 •t' tin- l{u](illM, 
 III. Tlu' Hfl'IH' 
 
 ivfi', ii|M)n till' 
 
 tlii'cateniug to 
 1 yet dividing 
 •e at your feet, 
 •lia])s, no other 
 likens jieculiar 
 aursing torrent 
 that here at 
 The fascinii- 
 lich cannot be 
 
 inipiessed with tlie HllMiniitV of the HC.-hf, nuiHt U: like the hi.iiI devoid 
 of iiiiiMic, " tit fur treason. Htriitageni. iind MpoiN. " 
 
 At the heiiil of (Joiit Island, a little farther ii|> the liver, the view 
 is .|iiite expansiv.'. (■oniniaiiding l»>tli l.aiiks of the stream, and the 
 islands in the dmniiel. neginninK '<t the right, the site ..f K<.il S.IiIoh- 
 Mer iH seen alioiit a niih' away, niarkid hy a small white l.nilding and a 
 very large chimmv. The liaiiie is ass.Miate.l with I'onl.T hisloiy. the 
 foit" having l.eeii l.iiilt l.y the Freiieh, afterward eeded to the Kiiglish. 
 and oiriii.ied as a militaVy station l.y Ciiptain Sehh.sser. from whom its 
 later name was derived, ilie Fivnch having given it the title of l-ittle 
 
 Fort. 
 
 NAVY ISLAND. 
 
 Lying in the ehannel which sweeps anaind tiraiid Island on the Canada 
 side, has an area of over three Inimlied aeres. and is assoehited with 
 Fort Sehlosser in the annals of l.onler history, lia\iiii; heen made the 
 re,»/>'.ronM of the •• Patriots " in the " Uel.ellion " of \M7. under the 
 leader.shii) of MeKeiizie. who. with ahoiit twenty-live or thiriy tolhw- 
 «.rs. l.ecame disall'eeted with the ( 'aiiadiaii aiitliorit ies. and planle<l their 
 stamlard here as a rallying-point. The Amerieaii steamer Caroline, a 
 small hoat supposed tol.e in the service of the •• iieliels.y was charteit'd 
 to run hetween the islands and the American shore. Friday. !>.■(. L",l, 
 is:{7. she entered iijioii her work of "ferriage." and after a protital.le 
 day's work was moved to the wharf at Schlosser's Landing. The same 
 
 night, a (h-tnohment of British soldiers, under «• mand of ('apt. Drew, 
 
 seized her. set her on tire, and the little steamer went down the stream 
 in Haines, and plunged over the Canadian Fall. The crew, and some 
 of the " imtriots " who were on hoard, escaped to tlie shore, with the 
 exception of on.' man, Durfee. who was killed l.y a pistol shot in at- 
 tempting to escajje. 
 
 GRAND ISLAND, 
 
 The largest in the Kiver Niagara, is twelve miles in length, its hreadth 
 varying from two to seven miles. Its soil, unlike that of the islands 
 nearer"the cataract, is very fertile, and much of it is under cultivation. 
 Its historic annals are ie.ss interesting than those just mentioned, 
 although one enteriirise has a monumental reminder, still in a good 
 state of preservation. A gentleman wlio in the current vernacular of 
 to-day would doubtless be entitled a " crank," conceived the jnoject of 
 making this ishin<l a place of refuge for the scattered tribes of Israel. 
 In l^'2.'j he laiil the comer-stone of the " City of Ararat," and erected 
 a monument, with imposing ceremonif .s. The latter still serves to re- 
 mind the visitor that "cranks" are not original with the preser.t 
 generation. 
 
 At the foot of »rand Island is a smaller one, of about tinee hun- 
 dred acres, called Buckhorn I.sland. The channel between them is 
 called " Burnt Ship Bay," from the destruction of two armed supply 
 
86 
 
 CHICAdO Tn TIIK MEA. 
 
 vcsmi'Ih liy tlit> Firnch gurriHoii ivt ScIiIohmjt, tit'iir tlu' chmt- nf tin- Kri'iirli 
 Will' ol" 1 "')'.•, to jui-vi'iit tlu'ir iic(|iiisition l>y tin- KiiuHhIi. 'I'lioy w»>r« 
 linni^lit til tills liny, iiml h>'\ on lirt>, ami tli<- cit'ciiiiiHtiitifi' is tliiis i-oiii- 
 iiK'Hioriiti'il iiy tlii' iiiiiim- of'tlit' luiy. 
 
 ('iirin'i''s IsImiiiI, ( iiil Ci'cfk Isiiiiiil miiiI (iriiss Isluiiil. nil i)t' tlii'iu 
 Niiiiill, li<' lu'iir tin* AiiicririiM sluni', uinl mi' iiiiiiDrtiint, fumiiii'ivmlly or 
 liistoi'iciillV' 
 
 1 \t\\ 
 'III' 
 
 m 
 
 %, 
 
 FATUEK IIEXNEI'IX » SKETCH O, ^; FAl.I.S. 
 
 Tilt' first white man who saw the Falls, of whom wo have any nc- 
 fount, was Fathi'r H('nne|iin. the noteil cxidorer. We pfesent aliove 
 a J'lic-iiluiili' of the sketch made liy him, re|>i'esentiii^' the Falls as they 
 were 2lMl yeai's ago. Wi- also give his extravagant desei-ijition, |in^ 
 serving the oi'tliography ami the ijiiaint style in which it was written; — 
 
 " Betwixt the Lake Ontario and Erie, there is a vaft and prodig- 
 ious Cadence of Water which falls down after a furprizing and afton- 
 ifhing manner, infomuch that the Univerfe does not afford its 
 Parallel. 'Tis true, Italy and Sueiielaiui hoaft of fome fuch Things; 
 but we may well fay they are but forry Patierns, when compar'il to 
 this of which we now fpeak. At the fool of this horrible Precipice, 
 we meet with the River Niagara, which is not above a quarter of a 
 League broad, but is wonderfully deep in fome place;.. It is fo rapid 
 above this Defcent, that it violently hurries down the wild Beafts 
 
 -ife. 
 
NIAUAKA KAM.H. 
 
 87 
 
 lose (if tlic Krcllfll 
 kHmIi. TIii'V wcri' 
 tittifo in tliiiM I'oiii- 
 
 iliiiiil, III! lit' till-Ill 
 t, u'omiiinviiiHv or 
 
 wo liii\e any nc- 
 Vf prt'sfiit aliovo 
 ; tilt! Fulls us tlit-y 
 ; (lesci-ijitioii, pro- 
 it Wits written : — 
 
 vaft and prodig- 
 irizing and afton- 
 s not afford its 
 )ine fiich Things ; 
 len compar'd to 
 jrrible Precipice. 
 /e a quarter of a 
 Bl.. It is fo rapid 
 I the wild Beafts 
 
 while endeavoring to pafs it to feed on the other fide, they not being 
 a!)le to withftand the force of iis Current, which inevitably cafts them 
 headlong above Six hundreil foot high. 
 
 "This wonderful Downfal is con, pounded of two great ("rois- 
 ftreanis of Water, and two Kails, with m Ific Hoping along the ini<ldle 
 of it. The Waters which fall from this horrible i'rc< ipice, do foam 
 and boyl after the moft hideous manner imaginable, making an out- 
 rageous Noife, more terrible than tiiat ol" 'I'hunder ; for when the 
 Wind blows out of the South, their difmal roaring may be heard more 
 than Fifteen Leagues off. 
 
 " The River .\'/(;i,'</'</ having thrown it lelf down this incredd)le 
 I'recejiice, continues its impetuous (ourfe for two Leagues together, to 
 the great Rock aiiove-mention'd, with an inexi)reflible rajjidity : iSut 
 having paft that, it^ impetuofity relents, gli<liug along more gently for 
 other two Leagues, till it arrive at the Lake Ontario or Frontcnac. 
 
 " Any Hark or greater Veffel may pals from the Fort to the foot of 
 this hugo Rock abr'-'e-mention'il. This Ro( k lies to the Weftward, 
 and is cut off from the Land by the River Auij^'uni, about two Leagues 
 farther down than the great Fall; for which two Leagues the People 
 are oblig'd to tranfport their Goods overland ; but the way is very 
 good ; and the Trees are but few, chiefly Lirrs and Oaks. 
 
 " From the great Fall unto this Rock which is to the Weft of the 
 River, the two Brinks of it are fo prodigious high, that it would make 
 one tremble to look fteadily upon the Water, roUiug along with a 
 rapidity not to be imagin'd. Were it not for this vaft Cataract, 
 which 'interrupts Navigation, they might fail with Barks or greater 
 VefTels, more than Four hundred and fifty Leagues, crolVmg the Lake 
 of //i/rons, and reaching even to the farther end of the Lake Illinois; 
 which two Lakes we may eafdy fay are little Seas of frefh Water." 
 
 RETROCESSION OF THE FALLS. 
 
 The following extnuts fioiii an iirtiele written liy Piof. Tyiidall will 
 lie of iiitefest ill this eoiiiifetiun : — 
 
 "The fact that in historic times, even within the nieinory of man, 
 the Fall lias sensibly receded, proiupts the (piestiini, How far lias tins 
 reecHsion gone ( At what point did the ledgi- wliieli thus eoiitiiiually 
 creeps backward begin its retrograde eoursi- ( To minds disciplined in 
 such researches the answer has been and will be, At the precipitous de- 
 elivitv which crosses the Niag.ira from Lewiston on the American to 
 Queeiiston on the Ciumdiaii side. Over this traverse harrier the 
 iitHueiits of all upper lakes once poured their waters, and here the 
 work of erosion began. The dam, moreover, was demcnstiably of 
 sullieient height to cause the river above it to submerge 'Joat Island, 
 and this would perfectly account for tlie finding by Mr. Hall, Sir 
 Charles Lycll, and others, in the sand and gravel of the island, the 
 same fluviatile shells as are now found in the Niagara River higher up. 
 
nr 
 
 \ 'I'll' 
 
 ] III' I 
 
 38 
 
 CHICAGO TO THE SEA. 
 
 It would also account for those denowits along the sides of the river, 
 the discovery of which enabled l-yell, Hall, and Ramsay to rtMuce to 
 demonstration the popular belief that tlie Niagara once flowed through 
 a shallow valley. 
 
 " The physics of the problem of excavation, which 1 made clear to 
 my mind before quitting Niagara, are revealed by a clo.i( ins^ieetiou 
 of the present Horseslioe Fall. Here we .see evidently that the great- 
 est weight of water Ijends over the very apex of the Horseshoe. In a 
 passage in liis excellent chapter on Niagara Falls, Mr. Hall alludes to 
 this fact. Here we have the most copious and tht^ mos-t violent whirl- 
 ing of the shattered liquid ; here the most i)Owerf(d eddies recoil 
 against the shale. From this portion of the Fall, indeed, the spray 
 sometimes rises without solution of continviity to the region of clouds, 
 becoming gradi.iilly niore attenuated, and j)assing finally through the 
 condition of true cloud into invisible vapor, which is sometimes re-pre- 
 cipitated hipdier up. All the phenomena point distinctly to the center 
 of the river as the |>lace of the greatest mechanical energy, and from 
 the center the vigor of the Fall gradually dies away toward tlie sides. 
 The horseshoe form, with the concavity facing downward, is an obvious^ 
 and necessary conse(|uence of this action. Right along the middle of 
 the river the ai)ex of the curve pushes its way backward, cutting along 
 the center a deep and comparatively narrow groove, and draining fhe 
 sides as it passes them. Hence the remarkable discrepancy between 
 the widths of the Niagara above and below the Horseshoe. All along 
 its course, from Lewiston Heights to the present position, the form of 
 the Fall was probably that of a horseshoe ; for this is merely the ex- 
 pression of the greater dei)th, and consecpiently gre.-.ter excavating 
 power, of the center of the river. The gorge, moreover, varies in 
 width as the depth of the center of the ancient river varied, being nar- 
 rowest where that depth was greatest. 
 
 "The vast comparative erosive energy of the Horseshoe Fall comes 
 strikingly into view when it and the American Fall are compared to- 
 gether. The American branch of the ni)per river is cut at a riglit 
 angle by the gorge of the Niagara. Here the Hors»shoe Fall was the 
 real excavator. It cut the rock, and formed the ' recipice over which 
 the American Fall tumbles. But since its formation the erosive action 
 of the American Fall has been almost nil, while the Horseshoe has c\it 
 its way for five hundred yards across the end of Goat Island, and is 
 now doubling back to excavate a channel parallel to the length of the 
 island. This point, I have just learned, has not escaj^d the acute ob- 
 servation of Prof. Ramsay. Tlie river bends ; the Horseshoe imme- 
 diately accommodates itself to the bending, and will follow implicitly 
 the direction of the deepest water in the upper stream. The flexibility 
 of the gorge, if I may use the term, is determined Vjy the flexibility of 
 the river channel above it. Were the Niagara above the Fall sinuous, 
 the gorge would immediately follow its sinuosities. Once suggested, 
 no doubt geogiliphers will be able to point out many examples of this 
 
fsiiles of tlie river, 
 misuy to reuuee to 
 nee flowod through 
 
 ieh I made clear to 
 a clo.if, iiis[ieetiou 
 tly that the great- 
 Horseshoe. In a 
 ^Ir. Hall alludes to 
 uiOi-t violent whirl- 
 M'{n\ eddies recoil 
 indeed, the spray 
 )e region of clouds, 
 Hnally through the 
 H sometimes re-pre- 
 inctly to the center 
 energy, and from 
 y toward the sides, 
 ward, is an obvious 
 long the middle o( 
 ,vard, cutting along 
 ?, and draining t^he 
 iscrepancy between 
 rseshoe. All along 
 osition, the form of 
 s is merely the ex- 
 gre; .ter excavating 
 aoi-eover, varies in 
 ir varied, being nar- 
 
 orseshoe Fall comes 
 11 are compared to- 
 ir is cut at a riglit 
 •s"shoe Fall was the 
 lecipice over which 
 m the erosive action 
 e Horseshoe has oit 
 Goat Island, and is 
 to the length of the 
 scajMjd the acute ob- 
 le Horseshoe imme- 
 'ill follow implicitly 
 am. The flexibility 
 by the flexibility of 
 >ve the Fall sinuous, 
 is. Once suggested, 
 iny examples of this 
 
 'in 
 NIAdAUA KAl.l.S. 
 
 Tl.f. /..nbesi is thou«ht to present a great ditticulty to the 
 
 r^i e„;,ll. ... to' ,,r..lkt .!.« ».„■». to be ,„.»,»! by the ..».<... ... 
 
 "'" ' Rur„ot »..lv has tl..- Ni»g«.-.. Kive.- ".t the go.ge-it ha. o.r.He.l 
 
 the '^^";";- f j; '"^^J„ L' to the Admiralty Chart, is 180 feet; 
 Queenston, Uu; ueptn, .sLcuiuiUp, . ^^ 
 
 well within the gorge, it is V.Vl feet. 
 
 SUSPENSION BRIDGE. 
 Two miles below the Falls, the river is spanned by the structure so 
 widlrJo vn by the above name. The banks are hei-e very pi-ecnp^ 
 
 li inte!-est to those of our readers who revel in hgures :- 
 
 Length of span from center to center of towers - — 
 
 Height of tower above rock on the American side -^ ,, 
 
 ,.*= a » " " Canada side "^ _^ 
 
 " floor of railway _^^j;J ^, 
 
 " track above water. .- - " ^ ,, 
 
 Number of wire cables jqI Jj^^ 
 
 Diameter of each cable ,■ " 'I'l ^ 659' 
 
 Number of No. 9 wires in each cab e ^^' ^^^^^_ 
 
 Ultimate aggi-egate strength ot cal.les . - - ^^^ ^, 
 
 Weiifht of superstructure - - - , .,.q „ 
 
 and maximum loads i^,--''^ ^ 
 
 Maximum weight the cable and stays will support « ,•>" J 
 
 The bridge is a "two-story" artair, the upper l«rt berng used for 
 the railwav, and the lower for carriages an.l foot passeugeis. 
 
I 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 l^^ 
 
 
 Iv 
 
NMAOAKA KALI.: 
 
 41 
 
 WHIRLPOOL RAPIDS. 
 
 The nanowiu« of iIh- d,ann..l in tlu- vicinity of tl... Sns,K.nsion 
 BricW Ztlv ..celerates tlu- cur.vnt, an.l the t.enu.n.l.ms foree wUh 
 wh ch iM-ushes through the «ur^'e tVon. this ,.omt to the " W»'!'' 'T l, 
 rhrowH the water into violent eomn.oti..n. When it xs consu ere.l h t 
 the .alcuhitea weight of tlie water that ,.asses over the * "U^-' y'.' > 
 hmu- M«<>0.n(lT» tons, and that this vohnne of water must hn.l its 
 
 t V t^vongi. a channel only alK.nt ...0 feet wide, the ternhc foij. w . t h 
 which it rnshes along n.ay he at least partially un.lerstoo.l. Alth..ugh 
 
 WIIIRl.l'OOI. AN1> UAIMDS. 
 
 the depth of the stream is here estimate.] at 125(. feet, the fmre of th.^ 
 current is such as to c/ecafe the water from ten to lorty feet ahove .ts 
 
 "''"f lir Whirlpool, the river takes a sharp turn abm.st at a right 
 ,„.... circling aroui.l in the cauldron which it seems to have excavated 
 S; tse f, anil t^aiallv making its exit through a narrow gorge, the vast 
 bodv of water no doubt passhig out far below the surtace, n. a channel 
 
 "'^T^'^S;'! may be seen to advan.^e ft^m either tl. Canadian 
 or the American side. At the latter, the approach is through the 
 Grounds of l)e Veaux College, the fee for admission going to the funds 
 o e nstitution. On the Canada side, extensive preparations have 
 bin niade fllr the accommodation of visitors by the Whiuu-oo,. Ka.mi.s 
 
 ^"t H^'r:!^.!; walk has been constructed, partially by excavation 
 fronVt;^ side of the clitf, and a delightful park on the bank o the 
 river, with plentv of trees and shrubbery, renders a promenade on this 
 
iT"^ 
 
 1^:'" 
 
 42 nilCACin TO THK SKA. 
 
 short' very itttiiK-tive. An inclined niilwiiy. to faciiitiite tin- joiinn'V 
 between tile ui»|M'r and lower levels, 1ms lieen eonstiMuted. anil eiinij»i>ed 
 with ears, o|)etatin,i; in a novel and in}j;enions manner. The cars have 
 tanks helow the seiits ; tlu\se tanks are tilled with water from a spiin.i; 
 at the hack of the entrance huildinj,', hy means of a jiipe lending; into 
 the tank. TiO Ihs. wei;;ht of water is sulKcient to overc( .ne the halanee 
 of the cars, and to carry tlie loadeil car to the foot of the railway, tii.- 
 lijfht one Wmfi simulta,.eously drawn to the to)) l)y the s,ime |(ower 
 Formerly these cars weie ojier'ated hy steam-|iower, hut the |)ies»Mit is 
 liv far the safest and most economical plan, there heinjr no machitiery 
 to yet out of order, no danger of diima<;e from liurstiiif; of lioiier. etc.. 
 the entire apparatus necessary heinju' the check )r •,")vernnr. hy which 
 the person in ciiarj;e caii regidate or stop the speed of the car with jier- 
 fect ease. These cars take 1 L' pas:en<;ers each ; the tanks are eapahle 
 (if containing,' L'.S()(» llis. of watcT. As they reach the f*. of the in- 
 cline, a holt or ]>in removes the fasteninj,' to the dischai<;e pi|.e and 
 dischar;,'es tht; water, thus leavinjj; the cur in readiness for its ne.\t 
 ascent, which is made in about one and a half minutes. Tiie total 
 lenu'th of the railroad is I'Sfi feet. 
 
 At the water's edjre, a jdiotographic studio is located, thus liiMUL; 
 to all an opiiortmiity of lieinj; jxtrtrayed with the Wliirlpool Hapids in 
 the Irackjirounds. 
 
 I'etinnini; attain to tiie Falls, we tind on the Canada side sever.il 
 |K)ints of interest, not yet considered in these paf,'es. At Talile Hock 
 an op]iortunity is all'orded of visitinji the Mi SKi M. a collection nf nat- 
 ural ciniosities. works of art. etc.. well worthy of a visit. A zoolouieal 
 jiarden is kejit in ciumection. and an ol.servatory atlords ji .yood outlook 
 frc.ni a lofty stand-point. 
 
 THE BURNING SPRIttG. 
 
 .Miout a mile aliove the Falls. reache<i hy a itleasaiit drive or walk, 
 acioss Cedar Island, in view of the Hai)ids. is the natural curiosity 
 known as the liurnin-; SiaiUf.'. the waters of which are iii<;hly charjjed 
 with sulphuretted hytlro;;en. which hums with a Jiale lilue tlame when 
 ignited. This is su|iiK)sed to have its origin in a coal f(U-niation. lie- 
 Heve.i hy some to he extensive, and worthy of minin,;;. The proprietor, 
 however, has not stitticient faith in the feasihiiity of the schenu' to un- 
 dertake it. Clark Hill Islands, a ;rroup of live, wiiich are crossed in 
 the approach to the lauiiiiiji sprinji. are in the midst of the rapids, and 
 a tine carria<;e drive extends alon<; their outer shores, atlordiny a .uood 
 view of the current, which is here very rapid. 'IMie.se islands are con- 
 nected with the main land l.y two suspension 1.ridj;es. which have been 
 named "Castor" and "Pollux." 
 
 On Cedar Island, near the Horseshoe Falls, a iVifoda has been 
 erected, over 80 feet in heijjht. from which a maKiiiticeni; view can be 
 had. It is a noticealde landmark from all points in the vicinity of the 
 Falls. 
 
 
 -* 
 
MAIiAKA KAM.S. 
 
 43 
 
 ;it«' tilt' journt'V 
 ■il. ami eiiuipiit'il 
 Till' cais liiivf 
 t'V from a Hprinf; 
 ijH' li'iuliii"; into 
 < .lie the l)alani-(' 
 the i-ailway. tin- 
 lit' same power 
 it tliH invscut is 
 f! no iiiacliitiery 
 ,r t)f lioiicr, »'tc., 
 t'ninr. liy whicli 
 111' .Ml' with per- 
 miks aiv rapablf 
 (• t\. of till' iii- 
 i-liarj;i' pipi' aiiil 
 ess for its iw.\» 
 iitt's. Tin- totill 
 
 tt'il, thus •ri\iiiii 
 rlpooi Hii|ii»ls ill 
 
 Ilia siili' si'MTal 
 At Tahli' Hoek 
 ollt'ctioll of liat- 
 it. A zooionioa! 
 Is a uiooil outlook 
 
 lit ilrivi' or walk, 
 natural curiosity 
 •I' hi;,'hly (.'harjii'il 
 
 l)hn' tlaiiie wlu'ii 
 al foriiiiitioii. lif- 
 Tlii- proprii'tor. 
 In* Mchfiiie to iin- 
 h arc fi'osscil in 
 f till' rapiils. anil 
 , alforilinn a ijood 
 • islanils art' con- 
 
 wliioli havf been 
 
 p.-'ifoila has heen 
 icen; view ean he 
 he vicinity of the 
 
 LUNDY'S LANE BATTLE FIELD. 
 
 As a spot of no little historical interest, the scene of the decisive 
 buttle between the Kii,,lisli ami .\iiiericMii forces. .IiilyLT). 1814. re- 
 coives many visitors, of all nationalities. The t,'roiin(l is about a mile 
 mill a half line west from the Falls, near the villaj;e of Druinniomlville, 
 naiiie.l in lion>r of (ien. l)ruiiimonil. who comniamled the British forces 
 in the eni;aj."'iiirnt. Two towers have been erected to mark the spot. 
 and fronrthtur siiminits a iioo.l view is had of tlie surnuindin.L' eotiiitrv. 
 It was the writer's j^'ood fortune, on the oreasion of his first visit tn 
 the scene, some ye;'.rs aj^'o. to listen to a description of tlit^ battle from 
 thi; lips of a sui'viviiij; i>articipant, who w re the British uniform on 
 tlie ore.ision. but who ..^ave the American .• rces siriiiit credit for v-dl 
 huitry ill the huht. TJie total loss, in killeil 
 (U'dileen hundred men. 
 
 and wonndeil. was abnul 
 
 DEVa.'S HOLE. 
 
 About half a mile lielow the Whirljioul 
 srloomv cavern in the bank has receiM^l the 
 
 c.ii the American siile. a 
 above title. It is about 
 
 NIAIiAllA ItlVEK BELOW THE WniUl.l'OO 
 
 one hundred feet in depth, and from its forbiddiiiji aspect mi<ilit wll lie 
 regarded as the jiroperty of his Satanic majesty. Tradition makes this 
 localitv the scene of the ma.ssacre of the En<;lisli supply train and es- 
 cort ill 17'i3. bv the Seneca Indians. insti«.'ated by the French traders. 
 The train was "on its way from Fort Xia^'ara to Fort SchloKser, and 
 only tiireeof its number escaped alive, while of the escort only eif,dit 
 ,-,>ti'i'ii.d to Fort Xiajjara. 
 
 .Much that would be of interest to the reader mijrlit be written con- 
 cernin-jthe Falls and tee surroundings, but we have already devoted 
 ji la! J' amount of space to the subject, and must close with a few 
 
44 CHICAGO TO THE SEA. 
 
 necessary i.articul-.irK. For the convenience of those ^* ho may net'd the 
 facts, we tubuhite the rates of toll, carnage hh-e, etc., the latter t.eing 
 the rate tixed l.y law as permissi i)le. It may be well to add, howevtsr, 
 that most of the drivers are willing to make a sj^cial rave, considerably 
 lower than those given, and, as pr:;viousl> .emarked, this should be 
 expressiv agreed upon before starting out, including an understanding 
 as to the payment of the tolls and gate fees. 
 
 RATES OF TOLL. 
 
 a f)(j 
 
 Goat Island - ' . "^^^ 
 
 Cave of the Winds 'v,^ 
 
 Prospect Park ;^l 
 
 IncliiK'd Railway '^(J) 
 
 Shadow of tin; Kock ^'.j^ 
 
 New SusiH-nsion Bridge. "j. 
 
 Th'**im'V .--- ___..----.------ ----------- •■' 
 
 Behind' Sl.wt' of Water (Tal .le Rock) ... ^-^^^ 
 
 Burning Spring ," : ' 'i' ^O 
 
 Railway Bridge, over and .ack ;^^ 
 
 WhirljHJol Rapids J.^^ 
 
 Whirlpool 
 
 RATES OF FARE ALLOWED BY LAW, 
 FOR CARHlACiE HIRE UHERE NO EXPRESS CONTRACT IS MADE THEREFOU. 
 
 For carrying one passenger and ordinary baggage from one place to 
 another in the village, TiO cents. „- . 
 
 Each additional i)assenger and ordinary l)aggage, 2o cents. 
 
 For carrving one passenger ami ordinary baggige frem any point m 
 this village to anv point in the village of Suspension Bridge, 1 .lollar. 
 
 Each a.lditional passenger and ordin=-.vy baggage, ;)(» cents. 
 
 Each additional piect^ of baggage other than orduiary baggage, l^ 
 
 cents. 
 
 (.'hildn-n under :5 vears ot age, tree. 
 
 Over :i years ami v.ud.r U years, half price. 
 
 Onlinary bagg>.ge is defined to be 1 t -unk and 1 bag, hat or band- 
 box, or other small parcel. _ 
 
 For carrving one or more passengers, in the same carriage, loni 
 any point in this village to any point withm ;> miks of the limits o 
 the village, at the rate of 81. .^<» for each hour occupied except that in 
 every instance where such carriage shall be .Irawn by a single horse, the 
 fare 'therefor shall be at the rate of . dollar for each hour occupied. 
 
 H<,TELS -Although a little out of its natural connection, this suhject seems to 
 , ?tt ,P«8t a naragraph. The constani influx of visitors, especially aaring 
 demand at least a paragraph 1 ^^^^ ^^^^^^ accommodationB at Niagara, 
 
 *\V. TfhZ met in tbrerection of such houses as the Cataract, International, 
 8p nce'^MararaXltela^^^^ Inland, and a multitude of others, of varioua 
 
 grades of excellence, both at the Falls and Suspension Bridge. 
 
 » 
 
ho may nwd the 
 , tlie latter oeing 
 to add, however, 
 •ate, consideraldy 
 , this should lie 
 m understanding 
 
 $ .50 
 
 1.00 
 
 .25 
 
 .25 
 
 1.00 
 
 .-'5 
 
 ,"[ 25 
 
 ... 1.00 
 .50 
 ..50 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 i MAPK THEREFOl.. 
 
 I froiji one place to 
 
 25 cents. 
 
 from any |)oint in 
 n Bridge, 1 dollar. 
 
 50 cents. 
 Unary l)aggage, 12 
 
 bag, hat or band- 
 
 ■rine carriage, from 
 
 s of the limits of 
 
 [lied, excej>t that in 
 
 f a single horse, the 
 
 hour occupied. 
 
 , this subject seems to 
 Itors, especially ilariug 
 imodiktions at Niagara, 
 .'ataract, International, 
 e of others, of various 
 ce. 
 
 # ^THE ST. LAWREP Wl^.-^ 
 
 
 
 
 '>r 
 
 liiver 
 
 , H K route to the sea rin tlu- St Lawreuc, 
 
 min.- become a great favorite with swn.me. 
 
 t u tts. we give \n this connection a desm,.- 
 
 io of some^f its principal attractions i he 
 
 naiestic river, whose channel is the outlet toi 
 
 The waters of the ^M■eat c-hain of inland seas, 
 
 : „s •„ . g-nerai northeasterly direction, iron. 
 
 L ke Ontario to the (iulf of St. Lawrence 
 
 HMigh a country full of objects ot interest 
 
 th 'traveler and sight.s.;er. and b>ih.iu.^ 
 
 gability becomes the medium by which th.j 
 niav be reached. . 
 
 .../Niagara Falls in the evening, sleepn.g ca.s a.e 
 •/\\.w York Central, Ib.m... Watertown .V < )g.lens- 
 :^mi';l^Black River Kailroa-lMoOUytom..^ 
 
 "-^ Ti;eC'L^;-^ns.:s ro^iiiv. 
 
 cliarming villages which he along ;;';;, '^^^ „,, u.e constantly 
 
 extravagant praise from niany "'r^' ^, i,!*^! ■ J^^^e that they do not 
 
 increasing l^^'''^-^;^ . ;^;:; uM;?'!;,.;:; the passengers many 
 soon grow ohl. \ou nia> us i •• .^^j,,,,^ .^id the summer 
 
 r;:iJ:;^r^t^^^.r:::;:^.^-"'^^ -ists y.. after 
 
 y u- so many and varied are the charms presented. 
 
 LAKE OF THE THOUSAND ISLANDS. 
 
 the shore oi Mie iivei wntit II i i,v the name 
 
 of nearly dou. '•'. the number mdi.-ated bj the name. 
 
 'riie tril) there- 
 
TlIK SI' l.AWHK.NrK IdVKK. 
 
 47 
 
 • ii . ; I f .>»■ li..iiitifiil sciiuTV. to iMiutiiiur ill a sue- 
 
 *'''''v::r:i:i;:v;; ;; ; t ' i^m 1 .1,... at ti... wnan- m Mo,.t- 
 
 '■'"1 h. m ^ a »• m 1..S fnm. Clayton is Ko. Ni. Isi.an.. Fauk, 
 
 ;:: ;,vi 1 ' li Ihuatin. wlneH it tak.-s its .la.ii... A lovol... s,,o, .s 
 / ' U. foun.l. All .l.-uant liot.-l. iMmn-n.us .otta^.-s. i-La. it 
 v' .1.. ,.li,l .iriv..s. aii.1 a h.-autiful wat-r^fn-,.., an- -"•'^^ "^^ 
 Ci ,• s liat .•ontiilMit- .0 its attn.etivo,i..ss. a,..l «.v.- l-;''-'' ;; ^j ^, 
 'it til.- n-soil i,„r ,:,;;llr„.-v anion- t'u- islaii.l -.-.ns ot liis iM-.uitituI 
 :^.r Tl - as oitiou c-o,it.ollin, till- Park, wl.il.- sMn-s...l to 1... .^^^ 
 . a :.ud is l,v n.. ,n..ans s.-cta.ian. an.l tl.o la,-.-st tn-..,!..,.. is a 1.^ 
 tl^.J-;'.ants; unt,aninu-l.-.l l-y tla- .;lain.s o.- ..a,-vs ol tasl.u.u. ml 1. 
 as ,.„n.-tin..-s.i-troyall lih-.ty at tash.onal.l- n-sorts. 
 
 THE LUXURY OF CAMP-LIFE 
 
 Is liere eniovo.l to its fullest t'Vt.nt. Tlu- l.eautifnl ^vovos alon« the 
 Im-TJ H- islan.1, .va.he.l l.y l.oat or th- inlan-l ,.atlis an.l < r, v.- 
 mn-a .leli,htlul can.,inK-,laoes, while tlu- m.ly -";;;-;;^';;; ^^^ 
 tlu- -haunts of .ivili/ation " places the convenienoes, au e e uxu is 
 for those who .lesire the.n, within easy reach. Roun.l Island rs al.out 
 
4H 
 
 rllH'AIln TO TIIK SKA. 
 
 a mile in h-ngtli. and cinlit ImiulrtMl to twt^lvu liiinilnMl f-'t-t wide lix 
 sliiilH' is not fonvetly inilii-iitt'il 1>V' Uh niinit', it hfiiiK in«>i<' nearly oval 
 tlian roiinil. 
 
 wiili 
 I'lian 
 niak 
 
 Soi 
 
 KOIM) l-l,.\Nii HOI SK. 
 
 In sinnininii; up thf attractions of tla- isliiml. \m' fan (!■ "o licttcr 
 than to ('ni|>loy tin* langigijif of one of its snnmit'r residents, u uo writes 
 as follows : — 
 
 What Hound Isliuid lias xdt : Marshes. nu)S(|uitoes. ujalaiia, 
 drinking ss.loons. aemunulated refuse, impure air. impure water. 
 
 What Hound Island lias : The ])ure.st and most invigorating air, 
 the jlearest and most delicious water, the pleasantest drives, inviting 
 walks, lieautiful views, unparalleled sceniiry. facilities for amusement, 
 accommodations for rest, cleanliness, healthfulness. heiween tiiirty and 
 forty cottages, an elegant hotel, tifty-tive acres of lawn, a two-mile 
 (Irivint; track, bathing hou.ses. and every convenience to make cottage 
 or hotel life charming. 
 
 THOUSAND ISLAND PARK. 
 
 More widely known, jwrhaps, than any of the other St. Tiuwrence re- 
 sorts, istlie gieat camp-meeting paik of the Methoilist denomination hear- 
 ing the above title. It is located at the upjier end of Wells Island, and 
 has r.'ipiilly grown to large proportions, combining, as it does, the re- 
 ligious, social ajul pleasuri'-seeking elements, often \inite(( in the same 
 individuals. It has a large village of ^n'mianent cottages, which is 
 
TlIK HT. I.AWllKNCK HIVKIl. 
 
 49 
 
 1 (V-ct wide I IX 
 lion- iioiirlv oviil 
 
 fan d" "<) licttcr 
 iltMits, \\ ml writes 
 
 |iiit(ies. inaliiriti, 
 lire Nvulcr. 
 iiivijionitinj,' ;iir, 
 it (hives, iiivitiii!^ 
 s for iiimiHciiii'iit, 
 •iwccn lliirty iiiid 
 iiwii. a twd-inili! 
 to iiiaki' cottage 
 
 ■ St. Lawrence re- 
 Bnoniination heai-- 
 Wells Island, and 
 IS it does, the i'(>- 
 jted in the same 
 jottages, which is 
 
 . . , ,. i.v ill,, ••cotton houses" of those who 
 
 ^.M-eatlv increased .n the snnnne, '> ' . n the religious serxicen 
 
 ,ome tor a hrief ntay. either n.attend.UM u <i j. ,„, .,,|i,,.. 
 
 .,n„.ashort '•••^r't.-'Vom>msu.ess--^^ ,.,.1 ,^,^.„,,.,. 
 
 „,,,i,. ,„.il.lin«s, stores ..«.d >".''",, „„., ,„.i„. i„ ,!,.. n.ain 
 
 7*'''rvt^nvr;r;:d;K-^^^ 
 
 channel ot the ii\m. n e* > 
 
 „„ke it one of their important landmu's. 
 
 WESTMINSTER PARK. 
 
 .n.e lower ,ortion,of^^^•^s island is,.,.^ 
 ligionsassociat.on.he.ng owned I.N '"'h "">,. „.^„„, ,.,„servatisn. ..f 
 
 „:• NVestn.ins.er huk A-;- '-j;^.,,^^ .,.;., „..• c ,-, Uu, 
 
 ,..,,,|,.„f the -orthodox huth. h . ,7, ,,,,,,, ,.v..ry Sunday 
 
 '•••'''■ '"""• '^''''"'^''Tl'■"i^u^■n m is- - '^^ llnndred'acres. oc 
 .h.nng th.- seas.m. The I a k ' " "; . ■ „„. ,„..,.« to a com- 
 
 ..n,.yin,U .n irregular neck ot 'M''" •;",,.„ j, .lt..„t. Tasteful 
 n. 'mling height. overlo.^.ng ^-'^^^^ -g.' IH.rth.n ..f the I'ark 
 ,„ttagcs occupy the hmld.ng l-ts tow .a l .,^^.,,,,. „„,... 
 
 has 1 n divided. \u •'t'^''"' ' ;^ ,! '* 1' ., at fron. two to three 
 
 •-''""'• '" ALEXANDRIA BAY, 
 
 r ii sif T >.wience " As a summer 
 Sometimes called the "Saratoga ot *»«'■ ^ . Jf,^, .''^ \,., ,.„s, popular 
 
 resort.it i^*-''rf^'*;:'^';;;^;;:; :':.;:;; ::^e anumg the'n>ost 
 watering places m Amerca. ^\^ ''V"" ,.„^....,,,.,.,. ,vhile piivate cot- 
 ...n.n.o.lious and attractive to he l"'"^^^;^',^; ,*;,;.., ,loth on the 
 tages and villas have sprung up «''' ; V \.^,. ^,,,i , ,„., (.....t- 
 
 shore, an.l on all the islands near. .^ h'. ' "^^^^^^^^^^ ^nosphere. and the 
 
 ing nihined with the puiv and '"v g n . ing ;^ \ -^i,,,,,. ,,„, 
 
 Lc^utifnl scenery, attract to the I'l-"'' ^ ' "...Alexandria I5av in 
 
 i„,,..asing in volume with ''''^1' **''^f ^^"'7' ,•.•;.,, ,. ,..,at. is charm- 
 o,,v twehe mih.s fron. ••'''y*-';;';' .:''!;, 'irri. 'shore, succeeded 
 ing: as the pn tty cottages come in yp^;^ '"^ „..,„.,.,,. Among the 
 ^^^he imposing hotel tronts "^, ''%1'".'" ',„„,".. ,.,nnie Cattle." 
 
 "^'-'-^ ''''-' Z:^\:^X'^^^ '-^'-^^^ •'"" ""■ 
 
 is a conspicuous oliject. oitup.MHp 1 
 low the hinding. 
 
 THE THOUSAND ISLAND HOUSE, 
 
 A view of which we herewith presn.t. is -- f ^1:.,:;;':;,,;;;:;:!:;:'^ 
 i„ j.,i„tof its gem-ral arrangements ^ ^^^'^^,v [n. th^ river. 
 fi,rded l.y its location to he tound ;^;'^,. ^^j ^,u„.. ,,,, its win- 
 It is l.uilt on the soh.l roc-k. near the ^^.j ' > "• - ,.^.,.,. ^^„., 
 dowsc,m,n.andanextensuei,n.p.c^^oth M. ;^ ^ ^^,,.^,,,„. „^. 
 across the Bay to Westminster Fa. k. imvi. 
 
ftO 
 
 nilCAOo TO TIIF. sK.V. 
 
 |iaiiilt'i| tty iisi-ciiilitiir till) lofty tower wliicli mlot'iis tlic ci'iittT of the 
 Htnu'tiirc, rising Kit) f*>ct uliov*- tlic fouinliitioii, iitiil HuiiMoiiiitiil witli 
 II liiili'oiiy, atfoi'iling an outlook of siir|mHHitii; lovdiiu'SH mihI ^ninilciii-, 
 Tlif liotfl is fli« larp'Mt on the river, iiinl will atToinimxIiite 7<l(l ^iiestH. 
 lii'avin^ Alexanili'ia May. we are now in tiie niiil.st of tlie most 
 fasliionalili* part of the ThoiiHantl IslaiMi ^rou|i. The residenceM arii 
 elej^aiit in style of ai'ehiteetiire anil yeneral a|i|iointnientH, some of theni 
 
 TH0C8ANIJ ISLAND HOfSE, ALBXANDKIA BAT. 
 
 being very costly, theii- wealthy iirojirietors having; lavished exjiendi- 
 tuie ii[>on them with unstinted hand. The captain will call many of 
 them V)y name, ths islands having received their titles mostly from 
 their present owners and occujMints, and are .somewhat fanciful anil 
 often appropriate. For instance " Fairy liand " seems a fitting abode 
 for ellin sprites, although equally attractive to humanity. Arcadia, 
 Sport Islaml, Swmmerland, Manhattan, Imperial, Welcome, Cozy, 
 
TllK HT. I.ANMIK.Nt K lUVKll 
 
 ftl 
 
 !»' center of tlif 
 iminoiintid with 
 
 H mill ^ninilfur, 
 
 ullltc 7<l(l ^llt'StM. 
 
 list (if tlif muHt 
 f) reHideiu't'H II ic 
 
 tM, SOIIlf (if tllCIII 
 
 ?iZ '* 
 
 .^^J 
 
 vislied cxjieiidi- 
 ill uiill many of 
 ;Ies mostly from 
 lat fiinciful and 
 < 11 titting aliode 
 mity. Arcadia, 
 iVelcome, Cozy, 
 
 V..1..IV. and a Lost of oM-r coKnon.cMH. liavc I n ^ ^ ^ ,' ^ 
 
 ..Imnaing siiots where taste, eie^auee. and relmen.e.t ;i.e '•^'"'' »' • '^ 
 .rt has'niited witli nature in n,al<in, .hem v-'-tu U' . - n .e . . 
 diKCH. where, h.tnHhi,,ie. no Her,.enl's .rail may mar the h,iir>"< - "« 
 
 ''"%!:Z:7\U. Tl ml Ishtmls are caih.d the Til. Sisters, fion. 
 
 ,h..i (.:: mldance and ,r..ximi,y ,o each other, '"'hey an. ....rly o,. . 
 sito Hrockville on the ( 'anada shore and MorriH.owi. ,.n . < N V • k 
 
 side, the two towns liein« directly o,.,,os„ -I; "" "• ; * ' !" • II 
 
 tern inns of the Canadian I'acilic Kailway. and the h.tt. i ot tl. I tua 
 
 t k i cr liaihoad, .1 lin,' .mly a l.ridt,'e, NMtli these islands an 
 
 ■s i ,,1 ( .s for ,he .laitm. nts. ,„ unite the ^wo roa.ls n, oii.y...n.n.- 
 
 .1 s Un .. IhockviUe. named in li r of Ceneral l?rock. is cal e 1 1 . « 
 
 ::;:.;.; Cltv of .h.. St. Lawren....." and .hen. ,s -;:;',•'-« ;•-;;, .^ 
 
 .„,..a,ance 'to warrant the l.e.s.owmen. ot .he ..tie. its '^ " ' -^^ 
 
 , ,„.l ,|„„vli spiles ^'ive a.. a,,,.eara..ce ot s,ih.ndo.. vvhi.h . he 
 
 n't w o s!!rve -.1 a ,i.:.,li:ni. v .^.he Canadian citu-s to he seen in 
 
 s ;^i . niei.il with ihich .hey are covered r.^ai.i.n^ Its ..•..l.tnesH 
 
 . ' m k,hle ileuree. owiii« ... the purity and .l.y.a.ss ot .he aLn.-s- 
 
 I'l 
 
 OGDENSBURG AND PRESr OTT. 
 
 Th..se two cities, like those last n.en. .o.ed, a.v o,i,.os.t.- .m. h . .1 1. . 
 .„„,,. l,.,ti, impiatant ,ioi..ts. ( »j,'denslai.j,' .s .he ..■nmnns .d th 
 . \VM....-t.iw.. .V Oi;.h.|islmrg. the Utica \- IMack ll.ver. and 0^' 
 .;,r' 1 ake Cha.iM.lain Uailroads. the two former conmi« tnan 
 he w!;; n.l the latter Inin. .he Kast. The citv lu-s on hoth si- es ot 
 „. t)swe«atchi.- lUv.T, at its ,iu..ction will, the >t. '---'-':'-■ ' ' ' ; 
 .(H.nt .if its heau.iful f.-Ua^'S it has hee.. aii|.ro,.r.at.dy '■'" .^'; I 
 
 -itv Its extensiv.. riv.^r front, with its railroad tac.h les. ,t,'i es ,t ,. ( - 
 •i l.d •,( intake as a ^nain port. La.-e el..vato.-s a... wa.cl.ouses to. 
 ;;;|:u.;;;X;.^nt o^^^u .L ..!,..■ fr..i,ht f..a.. .h- lake steams, a.v 
 am.inu the inniortant ( iiteipnses ot the place. . , 
 
 The direct route to the Adir.mdacks fro... Oj;« ensla.rg .s _ ( 
 ,).dtns.iurg .. Lake Chan.plain Railroad on the ';-';-'-;,' 
 located the recentlv discovered l.nt al.c-ady lamous ( "f ""^''"'y \'; " 
 .U the western se(:-tion of tli.' all-rail line from ( )gdensllur^ t.. P..rtlan(l. 
 U^s "ainuuH also assuming considen.l.le i.nportance as . to.mst r(i..to 
 lo the mt Mount..ins an.l other resorts, ami will receive .lue not.ce 
 
 '""^::jr,:itropposit(, bank of the St. Lawrence, is conneet..d 
 witirSeUurK by Veny, the boats being of sutHctent eapac.ty to 
 ^Wehars, an.f making regular trips. The nulroad -te-t« ^t h h 
 place are concentrated i.i the Grand Tnmk ami the St. Lawum. 
 
 Ottawa division of the Canadian Pacihc. A,,„^,.na S.irinus 
 
 Massena I-amung, where passengers destined for M.issena ^.l""*.^ 
 
 g(,asln™ tion passed, ani now a l)erceptible increase is noticeable 
 
I 
 
 iV. 
 
THE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 
 
 53 
 
 in the velocity of the current. The interest among the passengers, if 
 it has anywhere been allowed to flag, now becomes re-awakene<l, as 
 the word goes along the line that the famous 
 
 RAPIDS OF THTi ST. LAWRENCE 
 Will soon add zest to the journey. There are se.^eral course, of these 
 rapids, those we are now entering being the Ua lopes which com- 
 pared with some of the others, are of but little interest except s a 
 foretaste of what is to come. Next we enter and pass tlie Kapui <le 
 Plan, and the excitement deepens as the foaming, seething waters just 
 ahead proclaim the approach to the famous Long Sault (pronounce.1 ^o^ 
 This is the longest of the series, being a continuous descent toi nin.. 
 iiles, with the'current running at a sjK^ed of twenty nules an hour 
 A canal, eleven miles m length, extends around this rapid ^^lth «jc 
 locks, facilitating the descent of such cratts as are unable to <^^h 
 the i4pids, lid also permitting the return o the steamers. Fou. sim- 
 ilar canals !■ re to be met at various places along the river. 
 
 At Dickenson's Landing, just before entering the Long t.ault. he 
 ..assengers are transferred to the " Prince Arthur," a boat construe el 
 .vnressly for " shooting the rapids," which steams out from the land- 
 ing, with its bow headed toward the angry waters, as it "\ "-h-nee ot 
 their power. The increasing speed, and especially the perceptible desc.^n , 
 soor Laken the interest of the dullest among t/^e P^-ng^.^' '^"I 'i; ' 
 boat lurches to the right or left (or, in nautical phnise t^/^e t . b au 
 ur port), to escape destruction from some ledge which tlie tiust p lot 
 knows how to avoid, the excitement deepens and mcreases, an tie 
 half hour required for the passage of the Long Sa.ilt is ;--';;' ^'''^'f 
 •dternatin- leliyht, fear and exhilaration, quickening the pulse ami 
 gi"ngStothejmirney,notto be appreciated except by those who 
 
 ""^Z L of this Rapid, the placid waters of Lake ^. Franci. are 
 entered, an.l the contrast between the trancpul surroundings an.l tl.^ 
 umult;uid excitement just passed through brings - ^-^^^:^'^ 
 relief, and the lovely scenery among which the boat f^^J « ' ^^ ^ 
 twentv-tive miles, is all the more keenly appreciated. Ihe call to .lui 
 nil, which is served during the passage of this lake is a - -m« on , 
 and the passengers a-e now ready to descend to the level of thi gs ui..- 
 t«tlld substantial, which they find spread in abundance m the dm- 
 
 '"°AftTdinner,anda.iuiet stroll on deck, a little more experience 
 with 1 ipht s in order. Passing Cot.au du Lac, we enter the 'oteau 
 Rapids descending (,uickly to the Ce.lars, Split Rock an.l Cascade 
 RaS Is'. In passing the c/.lars, a peculiar sensation is experienced, as 
 Soat appears to settle down occasionally with great sud.lenness a. 
 hough abl,ut to be submerged. This is supposed to be --g to a 
 strong undercurrent which exerts this inHuence on the ''^-t '« ^'« 
 passes from one ledge of rock to anotlxn-, although they are at a safe 
 
r 
 
 , I- ': Ml ''IIP'' 
 
 'map!'': ri'' 
 
 m 
 
TllK ST. 1,A\V11KN('K. lUVKK. 
 
 
 .listanc.. 1..-1UW 1..T k.M-1. Tlu- i-ussii-.' of tlu- Split Hock Hui-uls s.-.-ins 
 .laLMerous, as iu.l..e.l it woul.l he w.-.v tl,.- pilot .., tor^'.'t tor a mo.nyu 
 th,^"rave responsihilitv of his tnist. an.l tail t.. swerve the boat at . nst 
 the right .noinent to avoi.l some roek or le.ljie that threatens .lestruct.on 
 
 *" 'I'l^rilSlnallv a raft luay he seen in eontliet with the rushin- waters, 
 ,,,,,arentlv at the mercy of the eurrent. The venturesome nn.hermen 
 .!n..,.allv'mana^re. however, to "i-ut in an oar" to ji„o, a.lvanta^. n. 
 ■^teeriny elear ..f the rocks, altluMigh not always suocesstul in j;unhn« 
 their frail crafts into M"i''t wafrs. An occasional wreck is the result 
 of these ventures, as the scattering lo.gs in the channel attest. 
 
 KAITS IN 11112 UAI■1I)^. 
 
 The Cusca.les are so caUeil from their resemhlance to a series of 
 short, leaping hdls. Passing the ("asc.ules, we enter upon another 
 hroa.l expanse of watvr, the river here wi.h.nn.g into Lake !>t. Louis, e- 
 ' eivim. also the waters of the Ottawa liiver. This lake is twehe miles 
 lun-.- In- ahout six in hrea.Uh, ami the ri.le across its .pn'.-t waters just 
 precd'es the culminating excitement of the trip,-the .lariug passage ot 
 
 *^^"' FAMOUS LACHINE RAPIDS. 
 
 \t the hea.l of these Haphls is the pn-tty 'itth- hl-lian village of 
 LK-iiine an.l here comes ahoanl our Jn.lian i.iU.t. Hai.tiste hy name, 
 who has piloted the hoats through the Lacliine Hapi.ls tor forty years 
 These Kapi.ls are the most perilous in all the river's extent, on account 
 
ff' 
 
 56 
 
 CHICAGO TO TIIK SEA. 
 
 ii 
 
 m 
 
 of the (levioiis niitiire of tlw vhnmw], mid the dangerotis rocks wliich lit; 
 just »fnou^h lielow the Kiirfiiie to deceive any l>ut tlie skillful navigator. 
 The swarthy jjiant who takes the wheel at this point pays little atten- 
 tion to anything Imt tJie duty in hand, and that seems to demand all 
 liis energies, ('asting alternate glances at him and at th^? rushing 
 waters ahead of us, we involuntarily breathe the words of the hymn, 
 
 "Steady, O pilot, stand Arm at the wheel." 
 
 Kight in our path lies a ragged rmik, which threatens us with in- 
 .stant dcstiiiction ; l>ut a turn of the wheel at just the right moment 
 •sei.ds our good craft a little to the left of it, and the a[»pare"^ danger is 
 past. VVith hated l)reath we watch for the ne.xt jieril that looms ahead 
 of us, to find it, lik«' its predecessor, van(|uished by the strong arm and 
 steaily nerve of the man to whom every yi^^h of the channel is as fa- 
 miliar as a beaten jtatli. 
 
 Kntering once more into (piiet waters, we steam on o»ir way toward 
 Montreal, and soon the horizon is marked with the long line of the fa- 
 mous V'ktokia liiiiixiK, wliich rises higher and higher as we a](]iroach 
 it. until we gli le under it iind are soon at the wharf of the American 
 lii.ic. ;'t the clo.se of a diiy that has been tilled with a succession of de- 
 lights unapproachable in a day's exjierience in travel elsewhere on the 
 American Continent. 
 
 CANADIAN t'AKRYALL. 
 
I rocks wliich lie 
 
 :illful navigator. 
 
 ays little iittun- 
 
 to demand all 
 
 at th^' rusliing 
 
 of the hymn, 
 
 itens us with in- 
 B right moment 
 pare"*^ danger is 
 hat looms ahead 
 strong arm and 
 channel is as fa- 
 
 oiir way toward 
 )i line of the fa- 
 as we a]()iroauh 
 >f the American 
 iiccession of de- 
 z-lsewhere on the 
 
 
 X/-^' 
 
 MONTRElAIU^t* 
 
 .\.M> 
 
 ;^ QUEBEC.^- 
 
 T()UR from the West t'' the Kast which did not 
 include a visit to the chief cities of Canada woidd 
 he indeed inconii)lete. Hence, in the arrangement 
 of sunnner excursions, the River Ht. Lawrence 
 comprising a part of the trip, it is both easy and 
 natural to eml>race these points of inttM-est. 
 
 MoxTRKAh is the metropolis of 15ritish North 
 Anuuica. Its situation, i)oth from a scenic and 
 connnercial point of view, renders it attractive to the 
 tourist anil prosperous as a hiisiness centtu-. Its loca- 
 tion is on an island in the St. Lawrence, at the base of 
 ,. Mt. Roval, which gives the city its name. The view of 
 
 the city from the river, with the mountain in the background is beau- 
 tiful and impressive, and when this is supplemented by the grand pic- 
 ture exhibited from the summit of the mountain, with the river aiid 
 the Victoria Bridge in the distance, the observer is ready to .exclaim, 
 " Beautiful for situation '. " . 
 
 On arriving in Montreal, whether by boat or rail, the travel.-r is 
 inipi-essed with the idea that the entire iiopulation must in.lu ge in 
 riding, so numerous are the hackmen, or carters, as they are call.Ml. to 
 be seen at every hotel, .lepot and landing. Their easy .uie or two- 
 horse carriages are at vour service fo'- long or short trips, and their 
 i.rices are very reasonable, being regulated by law. The tare tr..m 
 point to point 'within the citv is twenty-tive cents for one or two pas- 
 sengers, and tifty cents for three or four, although the usual custom of 
 the'llriver is to charge twentv-tive cents for each [.assenger, and collect 
 it if he can. If Nou go outside the city limits, make a bargain m ad- 
 vance. In fact, tiiere is safety in giving this rule a general application 
 wherever you need the services of a hackinan. and thereby always 
 avoiding contt-ntion in settlement. 
 
r 
 
'ff.l<\! ' 
 
 
 vm 
 
 I 
 
 imyj 
 
 MONTIiKAI, AM) QIKHKl'. 
 
 THE HOTELS 
 
 59 
 
 of Montreal aio cxfelli-nt, coiii|insiiig, ainoiij,' tiif must flt'^aiit. the 
 Ottawa, Windsor, and St. Lawrence Hall. The AlMon Hotel has for 
 nianv years lieen a great favorite with A iierican tomists. hoth from 
 the })>Tiionuel of its management and the reasonalih'ne.ss of its diarges. 
 The Montreal Hou.se, the American, the Hichelieii. and a ho.st of other 
 claimants for iiatronage. all ha\. their special merits, and are well- 
 spoken of l>y their visitors. 
 
 Si<'ht-se"i 'ng, in the city and vicinity, is liest accomplished liy tlio 
 einiiloyment of a "carter." who is nsualiy well jiosttMl on all tiie jiointH 
 of interest, and can often entertain his party with sundry h'gends in 
 connection with them. The most delightful drive, for a single trip, 
 is the 
 
 RIDE AROUND MOUNT ROYAL, 
 
 Which is ahout nine miles in extent, over splentlid macad.nui/.ed roads, 
 throui'h a .section of country, in the .sulnu'hs. devotecl to g;irdeuing. iind 
 undei" I high state of cultivation. Tht^ entire island, ali.ait tiiirty mih's 
 long hv ten wide, is noted for its fertility, and is called the (Jarden of 
 Canaila. The trip should also include a drive to the summit of the 
 mountain, which is reached l.y a carriage road of easy a.sceiit, and 
 which is heing converted into a niagniticent park, from whicii an ex- 
 tensive vh'W of the city and surrounding country can lie ohtained. 
 The Mount Koval (Vmet-rv, the (irey Nunnery, and the Hotel Dieu 
 are also to he' se,.„ in this drive, the latter heing th- largest huild- 
 ing in the Dominion, used for a convent, hospital, and asylum tor poor 
 
 children. 
 
 The Water Works, the reservoir of which is on the sidti ot the 
 mountain, witli the pumping station on the hanks of the St. Lawrence, 
 ahove the city, are well worthy of a visit. Tlu^ reservoir was exci- 
 vated out of the solid rock, and is l.'(t(i feet ahove the level of the liver. 
 The cost of the works, with the machinery, was ov.t .<•.'.( MI0.( Kill. '!'he 
 immense jirossure obtained from such an elevated reservoir, enahles the 
 tirt! department to dispense entirely with engines, using hose carriages, 
 anil a large conflagration in the city is almost an impossihility. 
 
 The pTihlic hnildings of the city are substantial and elegant, many 
 of them conspicuous for tludr sujierior architect\ual design, and the 
 completeness of their ap])ointments. The Court House. Post OlKce, 
 Merchants' Exchange, several bank buildings, the Custom House, 
 Mc Gill Colleges Bonsecours Market, and a list that might be indefi- 
 nitely extended, comprise the notabh^ structures that will attr.ict at- 
 tention as you ride through the bn.siness thoroughfares of the city.^ 
 
 The, churches are among the finest to be foiual in America. Notre 
 Dame, with its twin towers, conspicuous from every point of view, is the 
 most capacious of any of this finished structures, although the Cathe- 
 dral, now in process of erection, and modeled after St. Peter's at Rome, 
 

 IS tu 
 
 T\w V 
 
 :i(i.n() 
 Cliiin 
 iiii,'s. 
 
 tiiif 
 titm 
 iiiai 
 
 IS a 1 
 
 to l>l- 
 
 span. 
 |ii( IS 
 ill"; n 
 Tin 11 
 
 tla- 
 am 
 
 as 
 
 th. 
 
 n'<' 
 
 ei'i 
 
MONTIIK.M, AM) (ilKHKC. 
 
 61 
 
 is to t..' H.roii.l t.iilv to tlli^^ faiiioUH .■.liluf in point of siw aii.l .'l.-- 
 .ranc. Tli.-tow.is'aiv inasMV." aii.l loity. l-.-iiiji T^O foot in lu'igl.t. 
 Tho liglit-lian.l -ow.t niav Ix- aso-iHl.-.l. aii.l tla- \ i.-w to U- lm<l woll lo- 
 wanls tlu' .'tlort of i-linil.inK. It contains ti..- l.ij; l»'ll. Nsvi-lmig near y 
 :WI.(l(M» |H)un.ls. Tho oth.T tow.-' contains a cliinif o^ l.t-Us. llio 
 Clmivh of til.- Ci.'su is not.Ml for tlu- Ix-auty of its fivsi-oos an.l |.aint- 
 in-s. Til." Knglish ('athclml- an.l sovral IVotrstaiit .Inm-h.'s, aiv also 
 lino fdilii'i's. 
 
 Lachino Canal, l.-a.linj; from al.ov.- tlio ra|.i.ls ot that name, is a, 
 tint' siM'oinicn of on^'ii rin^', an.l lu.t .mly s.'iv.-s t.. taciiitat.' naviga- 
 tion, iM.t furnislifs almost nnlimit.'.l wat.'r powor f..r tl xttmsive 
 
 niaimfactiiring .'ntcriaisfs along its Itanks. 
 
 Victoria i'.ri.lg.-, wliid. m.ss..s tli.- river from tli.- Sout hern shore, 
 is a nmssiv.^ an.l mstlv stniotniv. On.' of tla- ia-st vi.^ws „t it is that 
 to I... ha.l in coming .iown the riv.T. the boat passing iin.Ur th.- .•.•litral 
 span. It is tiihular in shap... l.uilt ..f iron, an.l r.'sts upon twenty -tour 
 pi.rs of soli.l masonry, tlu- cntral span l"ing :5:J(i f.'.U. ami the iriiiain- 
 in.r om-s L'4-.' f.'.-t. it ct)st >?t;,:U)l 1.00(1, is tla- property.)! the «.ran.l 
 Tnmk Haihvav Company, ami is us.mI .-xelusively f..r railway purpos.-s. 
 Th.^ shippi'ng int.^ivsts of Montreal are am..i.g the most imp.)rtant 
 sonrc-s of th.- .-ity's pr..siM-rity. At tlm h.-a.l of oeean navigation, it is 
 th.- Am.'riean t.-rminus of a iniml..-r of trans- Atlantic steainship Im.-s, 
 an.l the railway an.l riv.-r an.l lak.- .•.Miuect ions from the W .-st. .-om- 
 
 l,i I xvith its facilities for ocean commerce, rentier it v.-ly laomin.-nt 
 
 as a port for transhipment. Its wharves are m)t .■.vcell.-.l in Am.-nca, 
 b.'ing con^truct.'.l of s..li.l lim.-stmi.- : an.l its harl.or is .W-p an.l ca- 
 pacious, , 
 
 The Champ .le Mars, a spacious para.l.i grouml. wlier.^ tbr.H^ tlmu- 
 san.l tro.>i.s may he reviewe.l at once ; Vig.r S.|uar.", near l.y, with gar- 
 .l..ns. c..ns.-rvatories, fountains, etc.; Victoria S.piare, Jacjiu-s Larti.-r 
 S.|Mar.-, an.l sev.-ral otlu-r smaller s.piar.-s. coiistitut.! tli.' parks ot the 
 city, in .i.l.lition to the Mount Royal Park. Impr.)ve his time as he may 
 th.' visit.)r will not soon .-xhaust the attractions. )fd.is beautiful city, an.l 
 will tin.l many more, which we have n.)t space even to mention, as we 
 ivgretfully leave the pli-asunt spot, ami re.sum.' our journ.-y, to the 
 ANCIENT CITY OF QUEBEC. 
 Tlie route from Montreal may V)e chosen from three : The North 
 Shor.' Railway, the Grand Trunk Railway, an.l the Hicheheu .t Onta- 
 rio Steamship Line via the St. Lawrence. The latt.-r is it av.)r.te, 
 an.l unless the tourist is surfeite.l with steamboat ruling, will be the 
 one generally chosen. It is a night tri]), an.l theivfore less wearisome 
 than a ri.le by rail, as tlie comfortable state rooms .)f the boat are pret- 
 erabletotlie"V)erthsof asleej)ing-car. . ., . , ,, :„i„,.,i 
 
 L..aying M<jntreal at early evening, passing th.' f..rt on the ish.n.l 
 .Ur.-ctly against the city, an.l ..awar.l past the m..uth of the Ottawa 
 River below the city, the first stop is at the town ot Sorel, or William 
 
fl2 
 
 CIIICMIO 1(1 TIIK sKA. 
 
rl\ ti\r llllli- 
 
 lU iiiti) M l.tki 
 now II :is l.iiki 
 ;i\i'i>. takini. 
 
 ill lllTf \\l>\\- 
 
 iiiiiii'l^. 
 
 r. is siiitfiil.irly 
 
 llilM'Ilt, it^ >it 
 'lltl'lTSt. 'I'll'' 
 
 i]i(>ii you ti'iiiii 
 icrf siirroiiii 
 I'jictivi'. 
 Ill' of till' most 
 is rcjilctr ^^ I'll 
 liattli' Mini ul 
 lonililc ('iij,'iiui'- 
 II r>i'itiiiii. nil 
 icti))' .iiiil till- 
 
 ■ iiml till' liiwiT 
 itiulfl lit' ( 'ii]ii' 
 orv. t'liiliiiicim.' 
 
 It of ."il"! t'l'l't 
 111' sllrlliitl 
 • (iililMllal' of 
 
64 
 
 ( llU'Atllt Tu TIIK. SKA. 
 
 The slifiiM' nt' till' city is tiiangnliir. the St. Lnwicmc nixl St. 
 
 Cliinlis rivers fdiiiiiiiji tin- twd Midcs, with tlic IMiiiiis of Aliiiiliaiii fur 
 
 till- iiusc. Tiic rivir fri)iit.H HIT (i<'fcii(lf(l liy a mntinuiMis wiill on tlio 
 
 Vfiv iudw (if till' liilf, witli Hanking; towcrn ami liastioiiM. Ioo|p1ioI(i1 for 
 
 iiiiiskftiy luul |iit'ro<*«l for fiiiuioii. On tlit- wt-st siilf. a licavy tii|iii' 
 
 wall, svitli trcnclics ln'twccn, foniicrly fiiianlcd that a|ii'roach. Init 
 
 mill li of it is now ih-- 
 
 nioli.siiiMl. lift wofii 
 
 th<- olil town aiitl the 
 
 uiitsiiii' wui'lil, the wall 
 
 was fornn'rly jiitTcnl 
 
 with frowning uatc 
 
 ways, tivt' in niiiiilifr ; 
 
 hut tlu'Sf have hcfn 
 
 j^radiiaily (lcnioliHln'(l. 
 
 in i'fs|ioiisc to the iiicri'as- 
 
 iufi lii'iiianil for nioi'f fit'f 
 
 cuniniiinioatioii, anil on 
 
 tho occasion of tlm writer's last 
 
 visit to tiio city, the ohl Saint 
 
 John's ),'!ite was heilij,' .'litirejy 
 
 renioveil. We jireselit views of 
 
 these j,'ateways. from wliieh the 
 
 fortitieil asjieet of the town he- 
 
 fori! tlifir ili'tiiolition may he 
 
 readily inferred. 
 
 The nationality of the inhahitants 
 
 is stroiifily Freneli. and the visitor from 
 
 the States eaii easily faiu-y himself in u 
 
 city in France, so dei'idedly un-Ameri- 
 can are all his sunoiinilinj;s. The 
 
 quaint houses, the steep and tortuous 
 
 streets, especially of the oldest tiortions 
 
 of the ''■'''"■ '"*^">'>"- 
 
 city, luul the almost universal use <jf 
 the French lani;uaf;e in the ordinary 
 channels of trade, reiiuire no stretch 
 of the imagination to practically triins- 
 poit one to the old world, and f,'ive a 
 ^'limpse, as it were, of u foreiyu 
 country. 
 
 Tho view from tho Citadel, on ac- 
 count oi' its elevation, is siirjiassiniily 
 grand iir (I comprehensive. The majes- 
 tic St. Lawrence, alive with sailing 
 craft of every size and kind, stretches 
 WOLFE'S oiLii MoMMEXT. before the vision in hoth directions, 
 
gl KllKI AMI Vl( IMTV. 
 
 t;5 
 
 rciifc iiiid St. 
 f A I It'll III! Ill tor 
 IIS Willi on till! 
 M, looiiliolt'il tor 
 a licaw tiipit* 
 ii|i|ii'oa('li, liiit 
 
 AMl)XI>. 
 
 miiversal use of 
 in tlit^ onliniir.v 
 nirt' no stretch 
 iractii'aily tnins- 
 orld, anil ni^'' '^ 
 , of a for«'ii,'u 
 
 I Citadel, on ac- 
 , is siir|iassin,i,'Iy 
 ive. The inajes- 
 ve with sailing 
 kind, stretches 
 lioth directions, 
 
 Meiiiiinii like a l.aiid of t;liMeiiiim in.'tal, l»aiitityinK the Mcne and 
 givihg allinuition to the |iictlire. hileetlv l.eluw lie th.- cmh.U.mI >,tieetK 
 ,,t' thf lower town, teeniinj,' with animation, wliilf ils Ihinv |in|Milntion 
 XI tar lii'iieath, seem like iii«mii's. and yon look 
 ii|iun the glisteiiinu' roofs of the houses ami down 
 till- very throats ..f the ehimiieys. into which it 
 would seem an easy matter to loss ,i |ielil.lc. 
 
 Looking to the wi-stwanl. the I'lairis ot Alua 
 Ham an- sjiread out lief.ire yon, together with the 
 hlllll's sc;ilfd l.y Wolfe and his l.rave soldiers ill 
 the iiri'|.aiation for tlu' assault that eiid.d in a 
 victory, hut cost the lives of hoth commanders. 
 'I'll.' spot where Wolfe fell is marked hy a hand- 
 some mniniment. It was erected in lf<Ht. Imt is 
 still called the '•new monument ' in dis- 
 tinction from th'' sim|ile monolitii which 
 picviously occujiied its site, an illnstiatioii 
 of which'is given on the jireceding jMige. 
 till' new monument hears the simple hut 
 ■"*"*" clo(|uent insciiiition. •■ Here died Wolfe, 
 victorious.' I )irectly across the river is 
 the settlement of I'oilit Levi, 
 and down the stream the lieau- 
 tiful Isle of Orleans may ho 
 seen. This pleasant resort 
 may he reached hy ferry from 
 the city, and it atl'ords delight- 
 ful dri'es. giving views of th) 
 Falls of Montniorenci. the Laii- 
 rentiaii .Mountains, and other 
 ohjects of interest. 
 
 Chaudiere Falls, nine miles* 
 ahove (ihiehec, on the river of 
 the same name, are i:?'* feet 
 hiyh and HIH feet wide. Tho 
 Falls and Indian village of 
 Lorette, seven miles from Que- 
 hec, are points to which ex- 
 cursions may he protitaldy 
 made, either hy carriage or t\w North Shore Hallway. 
 
 Other iioints of interest in and ahout guehee demand at least a 
 hrief mention. The Dutlerin Terrace, which will I e included m the 
 visit to the Plains of Ahraham, as will also the (iovernor's thirdeii, 
 where the monument to Wolfe and Montcalm will he seen ; the trench 
 Cathedral ; the Laval Seminarv, in the chapel of which are some very 
 tine paintings: the English Cathedral, near hy ; the Ursuhne Con- 
 vent • the puhlic huildings in the lower town, and others which tiie 
 
 WOI.FE'S NEW MOM MENT. 
 
I'M, Ml-; (iATi;, (^lEIlKC. 
 
 >1 . I.(H"1> (. \ IK, 1^1 Mini'. 
 
 mv 
 

 FAM-S or .MilXTMoHK.M'l. 
 
 ,l,iv..r will point ...U to you, are of sumcij.nt int.j.vst to •■;'';:;'' 'Vyj 
 of s..v..ml .I'.ys aur.tion, or tl..-y may 1.- l.ur.n-.Uy .ns,...c-t.-a in .. li 
 
 THE FALLS OF MONTMORENCl 
 
 07 
 
 of 
 ing tiii 
 
 X.vnnon.Ml.pmost int^ivstin- of tl,.- ol,i,rls wln.-h s.cn.v the visits 
 ^' ;,;;;;-st:to C,n..l.... ..otl. on account of thci.- own Ij;;-^-;^,:- 
 
 the i.lcasant .Irivc l-V which they arc ivachcl. Ihc ^aiteis 
 Unci ; m.asnunuMousastl.osc ..f M .nt.val. an.l the roads aroun. 
 : ^vn-lin the country a.liaccnt arc among the hncst to be f.n,m 
 ^ .here. Securiuu vour -l.ivcr, you leave the c.ty l.v one ot the 
 ;...ul. crossing the St. Charles Kiver. are soon nj ^ h^"'"", - 
 •^ in , re -ma there a house or villa of modern styh'. hut speclilv 
 
 Z^ • helell;;: of th .ent ; the roa,! leading .l.-'^l' M--^ 
 
 .Unlets, the cottages with their picMHes,,ue dornxer wnnlo... 
 
 thatchcl-roofcd outhuildings, and the peasant-hke appearance ot tl ■ 
 
 ,le.cond,im.d with the universal en.ployn.ent of the trench la - 
 
 Tu e streu.'then the famA" for the time l.eing that A.uenca n.ust he 
 
 f ?; ;^ a,^ that the rund district, of France or Swlt^erland are the 
 
 FUFNCU CANADIAN HOME. 
 
 scenesthromih which your trip is made. ( 'hildr.-n run l.esid. the car- 
 riage, asking alms or oH\.ring tlowers. while the women and ^^^^'^'f^-^^ 
 ar."at work in the tiehls. or spirning wvth their rud.; wh..els ni h 
 : ;.n doorways or on the : orches of ti.e little houses. J he ant,.,- J. 
 i ' ,ien...nts of agriculture, the nnle ...rts hy the roadside, and the sti.. 
 crosses hv the wav, at which some d.'vout pilgrim, pcicnance, is taitv 
 
iiiy to 1)1 
 rt'inotev a 
 tliiig, inoi 
 
 111.! ■ 
 
 Moiitinoi 
 
 M't'llP 1)1" t 
 
 tiiial vict 
 tvi- fur til 
 of t!..' ri' 
 
 OVCl' till' 
 
 r)0 ftM't, ;i 
 siil)litut', 
 
 lilt' 1 
 
 several \ 
 some clef 
 cart, pre^ 
 
 Retu 
 peculiar 
 tioTi wit 
 (iietal-L'O 
 tortiiouH 
 (luces u 
 
 If y. 
 poet, us^ 
 
 Thii^ 
 1-20 nii 
 graiiil i 
 a ins. 
 reiice U 
 iieiiay a 
 exj)eiise 
 of fashi 
 
 Lea 
 sceneiT 
 in somt 
 islands, 
 that na 
 Islaml 
 is passi 
 It recei 
 tlionsai 
 
 Nil 
 
KAM-S OF MONTMOltK.V'Ol. 
 
 69 
 
 ^,=^":'- 3K^"^ 
 
 in« to }.reathe a rat,;- Xo><fer, all ton.l to oiupl.-l.- tlu- illusion of a 
 reraotei- age or luoiv .listaiit i-liuif tban tli-- f.-w horns lul.- t.o.u bns- 
 tliiig. mo.lorn, Yankw" civilization. . , , , . , ,, ,.•...,. 
 
 Iht- ride of eight miles all too .,.uckly l.nngs you to tlii; Kn -i 
 MontinoiviK-i, an.l here you gaze u,.on l.istori_e groun.l. it '»•'">' |.'»^ 
 .scene of the l.attl.; of Montniorenci which iuune.hately preccl.-.l W olte s 
 final victory at Quel.ec. Leaving your carriage, au.l paying a small 
 fee for the privilege of crossing private groun.ls. you .lescen. tne l.ank 
 of the river to look up at the fall from i.eloNV. Ihe river here pour.s 
 over tlieditf into the St. Lawrence, l.roa.lening at the e.g.- to al.ou 
 r.O feet, an.l falling -.'.^.O, in a sheeny vail, half water, halt spray, not 
 .sul.lime. nor even graml, hut exquisitely l.eautitul. 
 
 The towers on eith.'r shh- of the river still mark the spot where, 
 several vears ago. =i s.ispension l.ri.lge was erected, hut which, through 
 some defect, ga've Avay as a laborer and his family were crossing m a 
 cart, precipitating them into the gult lielow. ,■ , , .1 
 
 Returning to" Quebec, the views of the city are enlivened by the 
 peculiar feature of glistening towers and roofs, so noticeable in coniu-c- 
 tion with many Canadian cities. The sunlight, glancing troin he 
 ,netal-covered roofs, spires, and dormer windows, which owing to the 
 tortuous windings of the streets, are s.'t at every conceivable angle, pro- 
 duces a brilliant ami sparkling effect. , .- ,, 
 
 If vou are ev.>r tempted to in '..ilge in sentnuent, tlie words ot the 
 poet, used to describe the Celestial city, may come into iinn.l :- 
 
 »' There is the city in splendor sabll no ; 
 See how its towers and l)attloinfnts shiiR-." 
 
 THE SAGUENAY RIVER. 
 
 This is the largest allluent of the St. Lawrence, which it joins about 
 l-2(i miles below Quebec. The scenery of the Sagiienay is strikingly 
 grand and romantic, an.l unlik.' nything else east ot the Loeky -M.Mint- 
 ains. It is usualh visite.l by boat, an.l the trip .lown the St. Law- 
 rence t.. Tadousac.'at the junction of the two streams, an.l up the Sag- 
 uenav among its bold, wild scenery, should not be omitted, even at the 
 expense of sligliting some other point of interest lying in the highways 
 of fashionable travel. 1 1 1 « 
 
 Leaving Quebec bv steamer, you pass through some remarkably tine 
 scenery, in which the' majestic St. Lawrence aboun.ls. the river being 
 in some places thirty miles in width, and dotted with a multitu.le of 
 islan.ls. aboun.ling in game. The Falls of St. Anne are on the river ot 
 that name, which enters the St. Lawrence off the lower end of OrleiUis 
 Islan.l through a bold ravine. The quarantine station on Grosse Isle 
 is passe.l, and is associated with sad memories of the famine m Ireland. 
 It received twenty thousand plague-stricken emigrants, ot whom six 
 thousan.l now lie in a single grave, marke.l by a stone monument. 
 
 Ninety miles below Quebec is the fashional>le wateruig place known 
 
nilCAGO TO THE SEA. 
 
 \r. 
 
 .' my Bay. The livtT Is licio twenty miles wide, and tlie tides 
 liave a ranjje of twenty feet in heiglit. On ^e south sliore of the river, 
 still further down, is Riviere du Loup, a jdaee oi" sonic importance, and 
 six miles below it is ('acoiina. alrt-idy <|uite famous as a i)leasure resort, 
 and yearly inereasiuf; in popidaritv. Across the river i'rom ('acouna 
 is Tadousac, at the mouth of the fir-famed Saguenay, formerly a place 
 of some eommeivial importance as-, a post of the Hudson Bay Company, 
 and one of the tirst towns on the St. liawrence fortified liy the Frt-ncli. 
 It hits a good hotel, near wliicli is a little iliureh over "J.")** years old. 
 
 TADOr.-AC, AT Mdl TH Of ^Au^■E^■AV KIVEK. 
 
 The Saguenay Hiver is remarkalde, not only for its gre.it depth. 
 but also for the marvelous height of its lianks. It seems to How 
 through a rift in the La\irentian Mountains, whicii appear to be cleft, 
 as it were, to the very foundations, the height of the clitl's rising fiom 
 the edge of the river being ecpialed (miy by the deptii to which th<'y 
 (h'scend below the surface. The source of the river is \'M) miles frnm 
 its junction with the St. Lawrence, in Lake St. John, which is fed by 
 eleven rivers, drainiiig an immense watershed, the great volume re- 
 sultant pouring throuirh this remarkable gorge, in many places unfath- 
 omable. At St. John's r.ay. -7 miles above Tadousac. the watei- is 
 one mile ami a half in depth, and but little less ,it Kternity I Jay. six 
 miles Ix'vond. At the latter ]ilace. the wondeiful capes. Trinity and 
 Kternity! like giant sentinels guard the entrance, rising 1, . "1(1(1 und l,tt(H» 
 feet, resjiectively, alio\'' the water. 
 
 Ha-lla Bay is sixty miles above Ta<l(nisae. and is nine miles long by 
 six wide. It has also been nameil Grand Hay. The tirst-nanu'd title 
 is said to hav(( come from the exclamations of delight which sprung 
 from the lips of the navigatois of the river on its discovery : and in 
 contrast with the gloomy and forbi<lding aspect of the lower portions 
 
 of the ri 
 natural, 
 or blueb 
 with the 
 
 t;^l«j«i 
 
 tiful har 
 tending 
 sujiply I 
 
, aJld tlif tides 
 loro of the river. 
 im[)ortiince. iiiid 
 
 ])it'iisure resort, 
 
 i'rtmi ( 'acoiiiiii 
 
 formerly a jilace 
 
 , l?uy Coiujuiiiy, 
 
 liy tile Freiicli. 
 
 >0 veiirs old. 
 
 TIIK S.\(il KXAV UIVKH. 
 
 
 ^^\ 
 
 '^S^Kfif^-; 1 
 
 ■ ---•» 
 
 fW^^py 
 
 '-'--r 
 
 V-'r'^'». 
 
 '-'•y 
 
 ■?'t.'v$-.-.- 
 
 
 its <,'l-eiit dejitll, 
 t sei'lJls to How 
 leiii' to lie elet't, 
 •litis risiuf,' from 
 li tf) wliieli they 
 
 l;!il miles from 
 wliieh is fed liy 
 ie.it volume re- 
 V plaees iiiifath- 
 ae. tlie watei' is 
 teniity liay. six 
 pes. Trinity and 
 
 l,:>(i(iiuid'l, '.'<"» 
 
 lie miles loni; liy 
 tirst-nanie<l title 
 it wliieh s|iriiiii; 
 <eoveiy : and in 
 lowei' jiortions 
 
 of the river, it would seem that sneli an oiitluirst mijilit lie perfeetly 
 natural. The mountains aiduiid lla Ha I'ay aliound in whortlelierries, 
 or liluelierries. as they are here ealled, and a very imiioiiaiit imliistry 
 with the natives is tiie tratherinj,' and slii|inient t( rket of the lioiin- 
 
 IIA-HA HAY, SAOrii.NAY KlVEll. 
 
 tiful ha^v^^st tbns kin<lly furnished by nature, the iiieking season ex- 
 tending from the middle of July until tht! falling of tlu; snow, and the 
 suji[ily being inexhaustible. 
 
 I Al'ES ETEUMTV AMI TIlIXITV. 
 
72 
 
 CHICAUO TO TIIK >iK\. 
 
 Ohifoutiiin, a tVw miles hcyoml, is at tlio heail of navifjatioii, the 
 river ht'ing ohstnu'tcd aliovcthis jxiint l)y lajiids and .'alls. Luiiibciing 
 is one of its important industries, tin- immense forests if the vii-mity be- 
 ing as yet almost in tlieir virgin state, and the harlior aeeessilde to the 
 largest vessels, thus giving it natmal facilities of i;reat value. 
 
 The tisliing in tlie Haguenay 
 lUver and its tributaries is one 
 of the ehief a( tractions to the 
 sportsman. Salmon aliound, and 
 the (|uality of the tish taken fioui 
 suL-li dee]), colli water can readily 
 lie inferred by thi? disciples of 
 Walton, tiame also abounds in 
 the foi'ests. .«iime sjiecimens being 
 well worthy of the skill and 
 nerve of the trained hunter. 
 
 A stiulent of character will 
 tind an interesting subject in the 
 person of the Canadian Indian, 
 to be met in various localities in 
 Oanadii. Combining with his 
 native craft the shrewdness of 
 a Connecticut Yankee, he will 
 often appear in the role of a 
 vender of curiosities, in wliich 
 "taking" attitude our artist pre- 
 sents him. 
 
 In closing our notes on the 
 Haguenay, we feel that but faint 
 justice can be done to its won- 
 derful attractions. It has been 
 tersely described by a writer as 
 a "region of primeval grandeur, 
 where art has done notliing and 
 nature everything ; where, at a 
 single bound, civilization is left 
 
 ^ 
 
 INDIAN CUKIOSITV SELLER. 
 
 behind and nature staiuls in unadorned majesty ; where Alps on Alps 
 arise ; where, over unfathomable depths, through mountain gorges, 
 the steamer ploughs the .'ark tlood on which no sign of animal life ap- 
 ijears. " A better summing up of its peculiar features, in so few words, 
 could not be written, and the tourist who visits the scenes we have 
 brietly described will indulge in no regrets, unless it be that want of 
 time to do justice to the trip gives only huriied glances where hours 
 and days might be enjoyed in realizing the subUme grandeur of the 
 surroundings. 
 
 ron 
 thii 
 
ooiiKNsnnui to 1'ohti,an1). 
 
 7:1 
 
 of navifiiitiou, the 
 .'"iill.s. Lunilx'ring 
 s )1" the vioiiiity btv 
 ()/• iiwt'SHililr ti) tilt' 
 'lit value. 
 
 ig in tlie Haguenay 
 i tiilintaiies is one 
 attraftions to the 
 lainion al)oiin(l, and 
 tlie tisli taken from 
 (1 water can readily 
 ly tilt? tlisciples tif 
 Mie altso ahoiinils in 
 int? .specimens lieintt 
 of the skill anil 
 rained Ininter. 
 t t)f character will 
 sting snliject in tiie 
 ■ Canadian Jntlian. 
 various localities in 
 jiniiining with his 
 the shrewdness of 
 it YanktM', he will 
 in the rtile of a 
 triosities, in which 
 itude our artist pre- 
 
 g onr notes on the 
 > ft;el that but faint 
 le done to its won- 
 tions. It has been 
 ibetl by a writer as 
 primeval grandeur, 
 IS tlone nothing anil 
 thing ; where, at a 
 I, civilization is left 
 where Alps on Alps 
 li mountain gorges, 
 ;n of animal life ap- 
 res, in so few words, 
 the scenes we have 
 it 1)6 that want of 
 tlances where hours 
 ime urandeur of the 
 
 OmleiMuro to Porfhind, 
 
 'He route by tht^ "all-rail" line from the St. l.i'.wrence at 
 Odgensliurg to the ocean at Port'antl, pre.sents many attrae- 
 tittns to the pleasure totn-i.st, whicii we Avvxn wi>rthy *)f sjiecial 
 nientit)!! in this conntiction. As an avenue of approach to tho 
 Atlironilacks, Chateaugay Chasm, tlie Green Mountains of Ver- 
 mont, and the White Mountains of New Hami)ahire, it offers a 
 combination of desirable routes for smnmer travel. Indeed, the 
 entire lino extends through a succession of lake, river, antl mountain 
 scenm-y, of charming beauty antl variety. 
 
 Thk Adihondacks are best reached by way of Malone, a station 
 on the Ogdensburg & Lake Champlain Railroatl, about sixty miles 
 from Ogdenslmig. " From here an excellent stage line takes the tourist 
 to the AtUrondack Wihlerness, by way of Ayer's, Loon Lake, Meachara 
 Lake, and St. Kegis, the latter being the location of "Paul Smith's" 
 famous hostelry. CuATEAVtiAY, a station twelve miles east t)f italone, 
 is another gateway to the famous resort, the stages going via the Cha- 
 teaugay Lakes. 
 
 The " Adirondack District " is a term applied to a tract ot coimtry 
 having for its general l)t)untlaries the St. Lawrence River on the north, 
 Lakes Champlain antl George on the east, the Mohawk River on the 
 south, and the Black River on the west. The encroachments of civili- 
 zation have so trenchetl upon these hountlaries, that the "Wilderness," 
 so called, comprises only the central, unsettletl and \mcultivated por- 
 tion of this tract, almost in its primeval state, with a border of settled 
 country on all sides. The limits of this work forbid an extended de- 
 scription of this region, which as yet is only partially explored. In- 
 deed, one of its chief tlelights consists in the new discoveries that the 
 venturesome tourist may make in his search for the game which 
 abounds in its forests, or the tish which teem in its waters. 
 
 The following, from the report of the Superintendent of the Adi- 
 rondack Survey, gives a good idea of the character of some portions of 
 this wilderness : — 
 
 " In these remote sections, filled with rugged mountains, where un- 
 named waterfalls pour in snowy tresses from the daik, overhanging 
 clitfs, the horse can iind no footing, and the atlventurous trapper or ex- 
 plorer must carry upon his back his blankets antl a heavy stock of 
 food. His ritle, which uffortls protection against wild beasts, at times 
 replenishes his well-hwsbantletl provisions, and his axe aids him in con- 
 structing from bark or bouiih. some temporary shelter from storm, or 
 hews into logs the huge trees which form the tierce, roaring, ct)mforta- 
 ble fire of the camp. Yet, though the woodman may pass his life- 
 
74 
 
 ClIICAUO T(t TIIK SKA. 
 
 time in hoiiic sfftion of tlic wildcint'ss, it is still a iiiystcrv to iiiiii. 
 * * It is a jM'ciiliiir ivi.'iuii : tor tiion^ili tiic ^'fo;rraiiliicai .ciitcr of 
 t\w wild.Tiicss iiiMV l.r rcuiilv ami easily ivarlir.l in ill.' Ii«;lit. •anof lik.- 
 lioats of tlic jiuiilcs. l.y lakes" antl rivers, wliieli foini a lal.uiiitl; of jias- 
 sa;,'es for lioats. til'.' core, or ratlier cores of this wildeiiiesH exttml ()ii 
 either hand from these I. road avenues of water, and. in their interior. 
 Hjiots rem.Mii to-da\ is ndrodden liy man. and as unknown and wild. 
 Hs whun , 'nd= , iddled his l.irehen hoat npni those streams aud 
 
 waters 
 the St. 
 ■ :litfs. tl 
 (.•ascado 
 chasm 1 
 exliiliit 
 saiidstc 
 •'(iiant 
 
 CASCAUE A^U BUTIKESS. 
 
 lakes. Amid these mountain solitudes are places where, in all proha- 
 bility, the foot of man never trod ; and here the panther has his den 
 among the rocks, and rears liis savage kittens undisturbed, save by the 
 growl of bear or screech of lynx, or tlie bourse croak of raven taking 
 its share of the carcass of slain deer." 
 
 A mile and a half north of t'hateangay is the wonderful Chateai- 
 <:av Chasm, a newlv disco\ered rival of the far-fameil Ausable. The 
 
lystiTV to Imii. 
 liii'ul fcntcr of 
 liijlit. ■••■iiioi'likf 
 iti\ riiitl: of |nis- 
 iicss fxtt Mil on 
 II tlifir iiiti'i'ior, 
 iiowM mill wilil. 
 osc strt'iuiis iiuil 
 
 OiiliKN'Slil 1(11 Til I'OKTI.AMI. 
 
 75 
 
 leio, in ill! prolm- 
 
 itln'r liiis his iliMi 
 
 I'bcil. siivtj liy till' 
 
 of niven taking 
 
 iiderful CiiATEAi - 
 (I Aiisablf. Till' 
 
 wiitt'VM of till' Cliiitraiiyiiy Lakes licri" Hnil a |)assa>{i' on tlii'ir way to 
 the Kt. Lawrence, tliroiigli a narrow gor<{e, walled in l>y sanilstone 
 .iUrs, th(i river in one |)laui niakin<{ a ileseent of tifty feet in a Iteantiful 
 I'asfaile. Several of tlie more noticealile features of this woniloi-fiil 
 cliasiii are presented in our illustrations. The "Caseadn and Miittress" 
 exliiliits an aiipearance of const ru(;tive desiyn, a.; layer iiiion layer of 
 sandstone rock forms a terraced liuttress, resemliliiii,' some ancient ruin, 
 ■•(iiant (.Jor;;e " is a narrow defile, with frownin;; walls, haviiif; the ro- 
 
 GIANT GOHOE — HULl'IT llocK. 
 
 inantic and interestinj,' feature of a cavern, called " Vulcan's Cave," 
 with an entrance in tiie side of the rock, si.xty feet aliove the river, and 
 one hundred and twenty feet below the top of the cliH". Jt was first 
 explored by means of spliced ladders, but is now reached by an en- 
 closed stairway. It is about thirty feet scpuire, and presents an inter- 
 
fe 
 
 OlIICAtm Tn TIIK SKA. 
 
 pstilli; stildv t'ur tlic irc(il(i;rist. Tlir cave was ilonlitlfss liollowfd nut (if 
 tlif srui'lstdiif l>y tilt' lift ion of wiitiT wlii.li Iri.'klfil .lowii tliioiij;li tlic 
 lc(l).r.' aliovf in tiny stivains. wcarini; away tlif softer stoni- I'V >lo\v dc 
 givi's. >in<l l<'iivinj,''tli<' masses of liiirdtT ilc|iosit in a vaiii-ty »f Hiii;.'Mlar 
 anil yrotfsinif sliaiics. A seiii's of aivliitirtnral i.iilafs, snpi-oi lin^' 
 
 BPARTAN PASS — RAINBOW KAI.L8. 
 
 jfothk- aiches or miniature dormer windows, may l)0 seen on the one 
 hand, and at certain angles, odd and fantastic figures, some of them 
 half human in ajipearance. present themselves, while liere and there a 
 block of stone aiii>ears like the unfinished work of tlie sculptor. 
 
 " Si)artan Pass " and " Rainbow Basin an<l Falls " are peculiarly 
 interesting, the water tlescending to tlie basin over a .succession of 
 rocky ste[>s, nearly a liundred in number, coming to a rest in the 
 " basin," only ^o dash on again, in ever-changing foims and merry ca- 
 dence, in their race through the gorge, to the Ht. Lawrence. " Pioneer 
 
 < 'ros 
 >pan 
 
 liess. 
 NlVH 
 
 out. 
 ail'or 
 
 love 
 erec 
 sjde 
 trail 
 
 is n 
 Geo 
 
IKillKNsmiKI TO I'HIITI \M>. 
 
 s liolliiwi'il nut (if 
 lowii tlll()li;,'ll tlic 
 <tiiiir I'V >li)\V clc- 
 iiiicty of Hin<.'nliir 
 illin'N, sii|i|ioi tiller 
 
 )« seen on tlie one 
 res, HOino of tlieiii 
 1 here uiul there a 
 le sculptor, 
 s " are i)eculiarly 
 )r a .succession of 
 to a it'st in tlie 
 ma and merry ca- 
 vrniice. " Pioneer 
 
 <'rnssilii,'" recciM'S its ii;nili' frniii tlie fiict that ill I'lil'ly times il Inidue 
 s|i;mniMl tlic I'liiiMii, on wliat wns tlu'ii tlif <iVi-.\t liiu'liwav of thi' wililrr- 
 iifss. On tlic hiMih siilc of tills crussiiii,' m Iim;,'c rock iiU'oiiU iin cxtcn- 
 >i\c view of the j;ori;e, fioiii wliicii fuct it 1ms liecn iiiuiu'il Point Look- 
 oiit. In other jiiirts of the ( 'liiiNin, yiottoes, iirelu's, coliinin^. I'lc, 
 ail'oril siilijects of study for the emioiis. ami of inlniiiiil ion for tin- 
 
 PIONEKn CROSSING— POINT I.OOKOCT. 
 
 lovers of the odd and fantastic in natin-e. A tine hotel has been 
 erected near the entrance to the chasm, from the cupola of which 
 splendid views may be had of the scenery. Coaches connect with 
 trains at Chateaugay. 
 
 At House's Point, the terminus of the (). & L. C. R. R., connection 
 is made with the Delaware it Hudson (Janal Co. Railroad for Lake 
 George, Saratoga, Troy, Albany, and New York, and with the Central 
 
78 
 
 ClIK'AdO TO TIIK MKA. 
 
 Vermont f(ir Ht, All>iiim, Wom'Htcr, Providt-nce inid RoHtoii. Contin- 
 uing our journey towanl I'ortliind, we liere triiveise a Hniiill ]>oitioti of 
 the Central Vermont Uailroad to Hwantt)n, wlioro connection is nuide 
 with the 
 
 ST. JOHNSBURY & LAKE CHAMPLAIN RAILROAD, 
 
 Tho next Unit in the line under eonsich-rat ion. The route from Rouh^'h 
 Point, via Laite (.'liam|iiain, is exceedinjfly pleasant, the scenery being 
 
 that of tlie lovely lake, and the <ii n Mountains of Vermont. SilKl.- 
 
 DON Si'iilNds are on the line of this road, and it is also a direct nuitt^ 
 to Mot'NT Manskiki.k. Hoth ilu'se localities have ac»|uirod no little 
 celehrity as summer resorts. 
 
 At Morrisville, connection is luade for Mount Manstiehl hy stage 
 line, and su>-h as wish to visit tht^ locality will lind tin excellent .sto|>- 
 l»ing ])lace at Mt. Mansfield House. The mouMtuin is in the town of 
 Stowe, ahout twenty miles northeast of Mouti)elicr, ami i's h>'igiit is 
 4,:$r)'.' feet ahove the level of the sea. 
 
 The Green AfountainH of Vermont are a portion of the gntat A\)]m- 
 lachian range, extending almost continuously from near the St. Law- 
 rence River, ill Canada, through the entire length of Vermont, across 
 the western part of Massachu.setts and the middle Atlantic States, to 
 the northern |)art of Alahama. Tlu^ White Mountains of New Hamii- 
 shiie, and the Adirondacks and Catskills of New York are regarded lis 
 outlying spurs of thin chain. This range is remarkahlo for the uni- 
 formity of oulline which characterizes tiie ditlerent peakM, i)articularly 
 of their siunmits. the ridges extetiding in the same general direction, 
 sometimes hardly diverging from a straight lint for a distance of fifty 
 or sixty miles. Where the mountain chains are parallel, tho ridges are 
 also in parallel lines, preserving their general direction, and, to a won- 
 derful (extent, a uniformity of ilistHnce between them. When one 
 curves lound in a new direction, all curve with it. 
 
 These general jteculiarities are loss marked in the mountains of Ver- 
 mont than in the more aoutherly portions of the same chain. In fact, 
 the peculiar characteristics of the range, as a whole, are le.ss marked at 
 both its northern and southern extremities, the termination at either 
 end not being well defined, as tht mountains sink away and are lost in 
 the hilly country that succee<ls to them. 
 
 The Green Mountain ijeaks are also less bold and abrupt than those 
 of the Whit(^ Mountains, being covered mostly with verdure to theii- 
 very summits, and presenting less of sharp or ragged outline in their 
 general conformation. To many visitors, this feature is pleasii>g and 
 agreeable, and a large class of summer tourists spend a portion or all 
 of the season in the vicinity of the "beautiful hills" of the "Green 
 Mountain State." 
 
 At St. Johnsbury the line intersects the tassumpsic Railroad, and 
 a description of the- route from this point will be given in the following 
 chapter, in connection with the trip from Quebec and Montreal. 
 
loHton. f'oiitin- 
 Illllll iMti'tioii of 
 inotion is iiuiilo 
 
 LROAD, 
 
 itt) from Rouho'h 
 10 MwdU'ry Iwsiiig 
 orniont. SiiKi,- 
 Ho a (lirt)ct r()»it«i 
 (|iiired no littlf 
 
 nsHold l>y Ktup- 
 
 ♦sxeollpiit .std))- 
 
 1 ill tlu! town of 
 
 ml i^H li»'ij{lit is 
 
 tho grtiiit Apiiit- 
 !iir the St. lidw- 
 Vnrmont, acrosss 
 tiantic Stati'w, to 
 I of New llaiiiji- 
 ; aro reganUMl as 
 l)lo for tlii^ mii- 
 akM, ])aitii'iilaily 
 L'lieral (lin-i-tioii, 
 ilistanco of fifty 
 el, tho ridges are 
 1, and, to a won- 
 I'lu. Wliim ono 
 
 loiintains of Vor- 
 • chain. In fact, 
 •() le.sH marked at 
 [nation at either 
 y and are lo8t in 
 
 ibrupt than those 
 verdure to theii' 
 
 outline in their 
 1 ia pleasii>g and 
 
 a portion or all 
 ' of the "Green 
 
 uc Raihoad, and 
 1 in the following 
 Montreal. 
 
 f i;e B-feiT^^ ^ 
 
 '_/ -J.-. J. 
 
 ni 
 
 Ij'VSMD^J^ 
 
 
 ..vv,.-^* 
 
 HE route from the Wt^t to tlie 
 .sealioai'd rln .Moutreiil and t^ue- 
 lief, 'IS iii'ranged o\er re(;eMlly com- 
 pleted lines of travel, niituriilly 
 extends tliroiigli the ehiirniing re- 
 gion of the (•elel)rated White Mills 
 of New llaiiipshir*'. From Mont- 
 real, or any point lieyoiid, this 
 jiopulur resort is easy of access liy 
 .several routes, all of tliem jiossess- 
 ing somt! special altivu'tioii to in- 
 vite the tourist to givotlieni a trial. 
 F'roni (.^uelii r. the tourist may re- 
 turn to Montreal, iiy hoat or rail, 
 • " . or may proceed (lii(;ctly to (he 
 
 mountains hy tiie Qukhki; Okntu.vl Uailwav to Sheihrookcs thence fin. 
 the Passumpsic Railroad to St. Johnshiiry, Hethlehem and Faliyans, in 
 tho very heart of tho White Mountain region. 
 
 If tho trij) ho made by way of Montreal, tho mountains may he reached 
 ('/(( the Grand Trunk, tho Southeastern, or the Centnil Vfumont. 
 The route hy the Grand Trunk, is by way of Gorham, and thi- t^astern 
 side of the mountains. By the Southeastern, the line is to Newport 
 uiul St. Johnsbury. The Central Vermont line otters t vo routes ; one 
 to ]\Iontpelier, there connecting with the Montpdier it Wells Hiver 
 Railroad, or by way of Swanton, th(.'nce by the Portland anil (Jgdens- 
 lnug line to St. Johnsbury, which thus seems to he inatle the focus of all 
 the various lines having the same general direction, and leading to the 
 mountain region. 
 
 At Nkwpoht, reached li the Southeastern from Montreal, or the 
 t^uebec Central from Quebei . the celebrated Lake Memphremagog is 
 the chief attraction, anil tho dining station is at the splendid hotel bear- 
 ing the same name as the lake. It is a pojjular summer lesort, and 
 the steamer on the lake makes frequent trips for thei accommodation of 
 tourists. Several mountains, comprising Jay Peak, Owl's Head, Mount 
 
TUK WHITE MOINTAI.NS. 
 
 81 
 
 S^l 
 
 ^<ii 
 
 vy 
 
 'yPm 
 
 m 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 a 
 
 Oxforil, Mount Eli'phimtis iiiid tlic Willoui;hliy Mountains inc among 
 the atti'actions of the vicinity. 
 
 St. JoiiNsmitv is silnatcil on tlic Pass>nn|)siL' River, at tin- intcrsoc- 
 tion of tlio Passiuiijisic and St. Jolmsliuiy iV Lai^c ('iiani)(lain Kail- 
 roads ; and in addition to the attractiveness of its location from a scenic 
 jioint of view, it lias attained much ](rominence as a mannfactming 
 town, tlie heaviest enterprise in that direction ))eiiig the ])rotluction of 
 the celel)i'ate<l Fairlianks scales, known the world over for their excel- 
 lence and cori'ectness. The St. Johnsliury House and Avenue Hotel 
 are good ])laees of entei-tainment. 
 
 Eastward from St. Johnsliury the route lies over the St. Johnslmry 
 A- Lake Champlain Railroad to Lunentiurg, the western terminus of the 
 Foi-tland di\ision of the P. it (). line. From this point, a i ide of an 
 hoiu' lirings ns into the \cry midst of tlie glorious White Tlilis. and in 
 full view of the grand 
 
 PRESIDENTIAL RANGE, 
 
 Strel;''hing before the vision in a glorious ami lieautiftd pamu'ama, with 
 the peerless \VAsni.\(iToN aliove them all. This ajiproacli to the mount- 
 ains atiords the most '•om])rehensive view of the piincijial i-anyc : and 
 the Westerner, who has always lieen accustomed to liroad expanses of 
 ju'airie, with no gicater elevations, peiha])s, than the height of an ordi- 
 nary chnrch steejile, will he jteculiarly nu|(ressed with the grandeur of 
 tlie .scene liefore him. 
 
 The first imiiortant station is Bkthi.kiikm Jinctiox, three miles 
 from Hethlelieni village, the "))aradise of hay-fever siitierevs." This 
 lovely hamlet enjoys the distinction of having the highe.st location of 
 any town in the I'nited States east of the Rockies and north of the 
 Carolinas ; and the remarkable purity of itsatmosjihere not only secures 
 exemption from the peculiar malady which drives .so many to its jn'o- 
 te^ction. hut lieightens the effect of the views to he had of the surround- 
 ing country. Owing to its commanding jiosition, and the remaikalde 
 clearness of the atmosphere, the viv'W of the mountains from " Beth 
 lelu'in Street " is confessedly the best to be had anywhere. 
 
 The village is rendered accessible to the traveler by means of a x^'- 
 cently constructed narrow-gauge railroad, from Bethlehem Junction to 
 the end of the " street." About miilway on the line of this road is the 
 magniticeiit hotel known as ^[.M'l.KWoon, kept in superb style, and at 
 its terminus is the well-known Sixclaiu Hoisk, Duigin iv Fox pro- 
 prietors. In addition to these jialace hotels, a liost of smaller ones, and 
 a long list of boarding lionse>. furnish abiding places for the inultitudeH 
 who "t:! ry for a night." or make this ]ilaee their summer home. 
 
 l)elhU-hem is also the I'ailroad connectiini for the famous FkaX'.:oxia 
 Notch, by nutans of a narrow-gauge railroad, extending into the val- 
 ley and terminating near the Profile House. The attractions of this 
 ocality are sufficiently im|)ortant to demand special notice by tlieni- 
 .selves ; ami we therefore keep straight on in onrcoiir.se, the next stop 
 
I' 
 
 h 
 
 82 
 
 CHICAGO TO THE SKA. 
 
 bcinsr ftt tliH Twin Mointain House, so nanu-.l from its proxinuty to 
 the "Twill Mountains," one of which is visibh. from the liotel. ihis 
 
 house lias foi 
 Beecher, who 
 
 many vcars been the summer home of Henry Ward 
 i.Ulressos huge congregations of Sunday excursionists 
 
 during the season. tu ,.,.„ 
 
 Four miles further, and we- stop at the White Mountain Hoi sl, 
 one of the oldest of the mountain hotels, a veritable " tavern ot the 
 earlier days, wjth less of style than its more pretentious neighbors, but 
 
 Fi 
 
 base ( 
 vated 
 the re 
 niouni 
 gineei 
 reijuii 
 borioi 
 sound 
 flesli f 
 
 M 
 short 
 curios 
 in a b 
 nels ii 
 anil b 
 lea pin 
 
 Ti 
 ern ei 
 Hami 
 joke 
 to the 
 come 
 cessfu 
 invent 
 built t 
 
THE WHITE MOINTAINS. 
 
 83 
 
 tH jn'oxiniity to 
 lie liotel. this 
 
 a 
 
 o 
 
 I of Henry Ward 
 iclay excursionists 
 
 Fountain Hoise, 
 
 "tavern" of the 
 
 ous neighbors, but 
 
 witii a large stouk of <;oo(l clieer and hospitable cart- for its ;,'iiests. at 
 moderate prices. Only a mile from the Fabyan House, the \voulcl-l)0 
 guests of the latter are Homelimes compelled, from an over-taxation of 
 its innuense capacities, to fall back on the resources of mine host 
 Rounsevel, who gives them the best his house aHords, and bids them 
 "be therewith content." 
 
 iTHE FABYAN HOUSE, 
 
 Six miles from tlie base of Mount Washington, is one of the most com- 
 plete establishments of its kind in all the mountain region, having ac- 
 commodations for five hundred guests. It is situated on a ijeautiful 
 intervale, at an elevation of more than fifteen hundred feet aliove sea 
 level, and its piazzas atibrd a tine view of the White Mountain range. 
 It is also a central j)oint from which excursions are made to the vari- 
 ous resorts within easy i-each by ri'il or carriage. The traveler may 
 find, in tliis vicinity, an opi)ortunity to enjoy a relic of the " good old 
 days " of stage-coaching, which the railway has not succeeded in en- 
 tirely abolishing, although it has largely superseded the conveyance 
 once so popular in tlie mountain region. 
 
 THE ASCENT OF MOUNT WASHINGTON. 
 
 From the Fabyar House, the railroad has been extended to the 
 bas(; of Mount Washington, there connecting with the wonderful ele- 
 vated railway to the summit, thus forming a continuous all-rail line to 
 the realm above the clouds. The six miles of road to the base of tlie 
 mountain compasses some of the steepest grades known to railroad en- 
 gineering. A powerful engine, of the six-drive-wheel construction, is 
 reijuired to propel a very moderate load of passengers, and as it la- 
 boriously purts along the grades, the forests echo and re-echo with tlie 
 sound, while the traveler feels tliankful tliat the iron horse, instead of 
 flesli and blood, is being employed in his service. 
 
 Mt. Pleasant Hotel is passed a short distance from Fabyan's, and a 
 short distance from here are the Wild Ammonoosic Falls, a natural 
 curiosity well worthy of a visit. The river descends " about fifty feet, 
 in a broken, irregular way, and in some jtlaces has worn curious chan- 
 nels in the rocks, resembling a cauldron, in which the water seethes 
 and boils in i*^ ■ downward course, and issues laughing, singing and 
 leajung in its wild and merry race for the intervales below." 
 
 The Mor.NT Washixcjton Railway is one of tlie wonders of mod- 
 ern engineering skill. It was charter(;d by the Legislature of New 
 Hampshire, in 18.'i8, the passage of the bill being regarded as the huge 
 joke of the session, one member offering to amend it by "extending it 
 to the moon," either terminal being regarded as ecpially liabh; to be- 
 come a fact. In spite of obstacles, however, its construction was suc- 
 cessfully acconii)lislied, by the comV)ined ingenuity of the proji^ctor and 
 inventor, Sylvester Marsh, the mechanical skill of Walter Aik'-u, who 
 built the engine and cars, and the financial aid and " push " of friendly 
 

 MT. WA^ililNliTDX U.VILWAY. 
 
 till! east! iilidvc fiteil. K-.wh car lias 
 its own lofoiuotiv*', and will cany 
 aliout tifty iiasscnj^ers. The seats are inclined l>ackwanl, so as to lie 
 in a good position on ascending; the mountain. The car is always 
 ahove the engine, liotli in the ascent and descent. The latter is accom- 
 plished hy gravitation alone, the biakes being kept in reijnisition to 
 iiold the train in check. 
 
 The ride np t,;ie mountain constitutes an experience never to he for- 
 gotten. Leaving Ammonoosuc Station, as the starting point at the 
 hase is called, th' train imniei'iately surmounts a consideralde eleva- 
 tion lietbre enieiging from the forest, which is soon left behind as we 
 rise above the 'tree-line," and reach the region of stunted shrulis, 
 which in turn g^'ve place to moss and lichens, and finally to rocks, liare 
 of vegetation, and as cheerless as it is ]iossible to imagine. Above the 
 trees, the prospect broadens, as the lajidsca]i8 spreads out in a grand 
 
86 
 
 CIIirAflO TO THE SKA. 
 
 S..vt.ral stops aiv ma.le for .vat.T, wind, is tak.-n from lar«e tank. t.,.l 
 by mountain si.rin,«s, far above, an.l cn.luctcd .lown in pipes Jh.-s,- 
 «ioimin« places l.ave be.-n ap].rop. lately nan.e.l. aecor.lmg to the i lo- 
 S.ln, Slid, as Wai.n.bek sS.ltion. Ciulf Station, etc., » - att^- b.nng 
 near the yawning d.asm in the mo.n.tain-si.le, nanie.l tl..! t^t i.> <>f 
 Mkmco. ^13anksofs,.owinayfre.,nentlybe seen in its recesses, eyon 
 in ini.lsuminer, an.l a j,..n.e of sno^vballilIK is not an ..nconinion August 
 recreation. 
 
 .^'.,r^ 
 
 "GULF OF '-.HXICO," MT. WASHIXOTON. 
 
 Jacou's Lapper is a lun- section of trestle work, with a consi.ler- 
 uble elevation =aul steep ii.dination, after passing which the gra.le di- 
 minishes souawhat. as the road wi ..Is around the crown oi die 
 
 "'"^ Near'the summit is a pile of rocks surmounted by a tablet, known 
 as the "L--me Bourne Monument," marking the spot where the young 
 lady perish a from exposure, in 8e,.tember, 1(^53 ; having undertaken 
 the'asce'^t ol the mountain in company with two m.ile relatives, with- 
 out !■, guide, an 1 becoming d.ille.l and bewildered, she lost her way, and 
 desi.iunn.d-. sank down to die almost in sight of the summit. 
 
 Voarin- th-j summit, the view d.a.iges, as the scenery ot the east- 
 ■eri/.ile eoines ,- view. The highlands of Maine are now the back- 
 ,.ronnd of ti^e pici.re, with intervening valleys, lakes and rivers, while 
 far .,L'n^^. th, while buildings of the Glen House dot the lan.lscape as 
 a m.a'e sj-eck in the lovely valley in whidi they ne.stle. 
 
 The I ii 'Aim bu-e to summit occupies Jiboutan hour am. a .piarter, 
 tlm distan. . oeing three miles, with an average grade of 1,300 leet to 
 the mile, t . • ufost a.n-upt ascent being in the proportion oi one toot in 
 
 1 
 
 form 
 such 
 all li- 
 the I 
 shelt 
 and 
 been 
 capa 
 1 
 
 of C, 
 
ir and ln-imty. 
 ivife tanks ftMl 
 pipes. Tlit'Sf 
 iig to tlit^r k)- 
 10 lattt'i- Ix'iny 
 1 till! Gn.F OF 
 i n'cesMcs, oven 
 omnion Aiignst 
 
 TIIK WIIITK .MdlNTAlNS. 
 
 87 
 
 ^^- 
 
 witli a consi<lt'i'- 
 li the f,'va(U; tli- 
 ; ci'own oi' ihe 
 
 a tablet, known 
 ivlieio the young 
 ^ing undertaken 
 ; relatives, with- 
 iost her way, and 
 inimit. 
 
 lery of the east- 
 e now the back- 
 ind rivers, -while 
 
 the landHca})e as 
 
 ur and a (juarter, 
 of 1,:?U(» feet to 
 on of one foot in 
 
 thn^e. An ai)))roxiniat(! ith-a of this giaile may lie had by [vlaeing a 
 yard-stick upon a level surface, at, a tal)le, ami raising one end of it a 
 foot, with the other end ujion the table. Then imagine^ a train of cars 
 climbing such an asctsnt, and you have a fair conception of the grade ; but 
 the most vivid imagination would fail to take in the sensati()ns actually 
 exjHM'icnced in the journey. 
 
 LIZZIE UOUKNE MONUMENT. 
 
 THE MOUNT WASHINGTON SUMMIT HOUSE. 
 
 Tlie provisions for the entertainment of guests at the summit were 
 formerly very limited, a few rude stone structures furnishing shelter for 
 such as dared brave the hardships of a night in the clouds. But now 
 all is changed. The capacious and comfortu.ble building which serves 
 the double rurpose of depot and hotel, not only provides comfortable 
 shelter, bu'. a tirst-class table and excellent fare for about ojie hundred 
 and tiftv guests. The house was opened to the public in 1H73, and has 
 been in' successful operation since, sometimes being taxeil to its utmost 
 
 capacity. , * i • i 
 
 The vijw from the summit is indescril>ably grand. At an altitude 
 of G,19;i feet, or more than a mile and one-tifth above sea-level, the line 
 of vision bounds a circle nearly a thousand miles ir, circumference ; and 
 within that circle are lakes, rivers, mountains, valleys, dark forests, smil- 
 ing villages, and in fact a variety of scenery, ever changing as the gazo is 
 
Hi; 
 
TIIK WIIITK Mol MAINS. OV 
 
 (lin'i't«'(l to tliudilli'iriit ]ioiiits oftlic foinimss. In a fli'iir <liiy, tlu- din- 
 t.int j,'liiiiriuu' of tlm Atliintit- may lio hccii, iiwuy to tliH southeast. A 
 little uiori! to tlif soutli II Iniylit*'!' <;lfiiiii vcvculs tlic location of Liiko 
 \Vinnii>L'sauk('f, wliiU' the Suco valley ami ( 'lioeonia Mountain are in tlio 
 nearer foregroinni. Turning (still to the right, you see other mount- 
 ains of the range on whose highest summit you are standing, Mount 
 .Monroe, the Twin Pomls, Mount Ple-isant, Mount Franklin, ilount 
 Willev, th(! scene of the famous "slide." ami lesser elevations lieyond. 
 
 MOUNTS ADAMS AND MADISON. 
 
 Westward, aAvay in the dim distance, the horizon is hroken hy the 
 Green Mountains of Vermont, with an occasional view of the remote 
 Adirondacks in New York ; while neaivr, you see the valley of the Ani- 
 monoosuc, the Fabyan House, Bethlehem, Mount Lafayette, and the ex- 
 panse of forest which tills the picture. To the northwest, the villages of 
 Littleton, Jetferson and Lancaster appear, while in the distance, to the 
 north, the table lands of C!anada unite with thi^ sky in bounding the ho- 
 rizon. To the northeast, the eye reaches to the unbroken forests of 
 Maine. Mount Katahdin throws its dim outline against the sky, while in 
 the foreground Mounts Jeflerson, Adams and Madison tower grandly up 
 before you as a grim body-guard to Washington. Nestled in the glen. 
 
 1 
 
WIlITi; Mol NI.\IN>, I'lioM .ii;rb-r.i(sox 
 
 CLIMIIIXO MOUNT JEFFEKSOX. 
 
v"X 
 
 ^6g^«.--si 
 
 TIIK, WIIITK MlMMAINH. 
 
 01 
 
 (lie wliitc liotcl liiiiMiiij,"* <•♦' ••"■ <'l''" Uniisf cHtiililisliiiii'iit iiiv visilili' ; 
 wliilc neural Imml, tnwai'l 'lie MiutlnMst. Mniint .IiickHKii a|(|«'urs, iiihI 
 ill tlic (listiiiu-f, tlif l'c(|iiaki-'l or Kiaisiirgi- may !»• sn-n, tnj^ftlii'i' witli 
 Si-liiigo liiikti in .Maiiii'. 
 
 SUNRISE ON MOUNT WASHINGTON. 
 
 Tlif ;,'iiiM(l. fiilininittin^' view I'niMi tliis lof'tv |iniiii uf nliMTvation is 
 to lie liail at, till' risiiit; i>t' tin' sun. For this in(oMii>iiial>li' 1)Ios|«tI you 
 mii^t sjM'ud a nij;lit anionj; llii' clouds, and jicnliaiirc nioif than onu 
 
 \:Jm^^ '^.. 
 
 
 .^' 
 
 
 DISTANT VIEW OK MOUNT. WASIIINdTON. 
 
 ni<;lit, as natmo is ticklt! at tliat altitude as well as in tiie valleys ht-low, 
 and not unlVe(immtly "old Sol" lias half a forenoon's work before liim 
 to dispel "the mists' of the laorning " before liis face is visil)le^ to the 
 -NvatdKa-s on the sumiuit. Should you he favored, however, with both 
 a clear sunrise and sunset in one day, as was the wiiter on the occasion 
 of his first visit, you will cherish in the chambers of memory the most 
 enchanting pictures of a lifetime. Sunset at sea his awakened the lyro 
 of many a poet, and inspired the pencil ol many a painter ; but neither 
 pen nor pencil can give an ade(|uate jticture of tlu; beauties of a sunj-ise 
 as viewed from the summit of Mount Wasliington. 
 
 At early dawn the inmates of the house are roused, and such as 
 
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 Hiotographic 
 
 Sciences 
 
 Corporation 
 
 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBSTER, N.Y. 14S80 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 
 t 
 

 
 %o 
 
 CIHM/ICMH 
 
 Microfiche 
 
 Series. 
 
 CIHM/ICIVIH 
 Collection de 
 microfiches. 
 
 Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian dc microreproductions historiques 
 
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TlIK WIIITK MorN"'AINS. 
 
 m 
 
 choose ans. i.nd aross, m,.! takr tl..Hr i.os.tion .... f h • ph.tton.. .v.st ot 
 th.. l.wil.lin-. to xvMteh for the ti.'st apimimuuv ot tl.e ••goia... o.'h ot 
 lav •■ ll,.n..;.tl.v...,th..vall.>ys.,vsUlli.. slunil...,; a,„l a . ..;.|, ,Moom is 
 sp,v:„l ov...- all. in sl.a,-,. -o.U.ast vviti. th. li^ht ot . aw.i winch .ihva.ly 
 1 mninos th. u.ou..tain ..aks a.o.n.d yon. Hanks ot .,..st Ium-.. a.ul hnv 
 !,„lh.at.. th . location ofl,o,Ue. of wat.M^ a...! i-ssil-ly overhanj.....^ -Ion,!. 
 ,nav ,.ai-tiallv hi.h- som ■ of tlu) ino.mtain s.n.un.ts t.'oni view. 
 
 • VII ,.v,w a.v tnr.u-a ..x,H'.tantly tosvanls the east, which is l.-m.nnu 
 tosi.owa tai..t rosy ti.i^e. .leepenin- overv nix.ment til ,t '■'■'-';<■;■' 
 ei-inison ...• pe.'hai.s a -ohlen l.ne. a litt.n- c.mcl. tro... which the l.nll- 
 i.u.t clav ki..-is ahont to si-iinj; forth to ente.' n].,..! his -lonons i-e.g... 
 
 TU'-TOl' HOUSE IX WINTER. 
 
 Su.hleiilv one point in the eastern horizon grows more infnsely l.r.ght 
 than aU'the rest, and the disc of the sini is then discern, l.le. (piickiy in- 
 r^reusinji in proportions niitil the 1.,-oad face of the -reat hnnmary so 
 .lazxles the eve as to compel a withdrawal ot tlu- gaze. 
 
 l.ookiii./then into the valleys l.elow. the eHect is transcendently 
 beautiful 'While the spectat.n' is hathed in the fnll golden sunshine, 
 the somber shadows are just beginning to Hit away, presenting m the 
 stron-est possilde manner the contrasts of light ami sha.le ; and not 
 until ^omeminut..s hav." elaps.-.l. does the new born-day reach down into 
 the .leepest vallevs to drive forth tlu- liniiering remnants of night. 
 
Itl 
 
 CHICAdO TO TlIK SKA. 
 
 The view of tlif moi itain pciiks iiroiiiKl. iis, one after another, ac- 
 conlinji lo tlicir ln'if,'lit, they are toiu-lied l>y tlierays of tlie risiii,,- sun, 
 is very lieaiitifiil ; and even tlie dullest mind can scarcely resist the eii- 
 tinisiastic insiiiration awakened hy the scene. And then, is the sun 
 mounts steadily upward, uivinj; heat as well as liyht with his cheering 
 ravs, the mists lielow are slowly disjielled, and nature puts on her most 
 liewit<'hing countenance, v;ith her gloomy frowns hanished, suj)iilanted 
 liv the sweetest smiles. 
 
 Such is hut a faint dcscrijUion of a sunrise witnessed by the writer. 
 T]w j)icture will vary with the changing circumstances, and that which 
 it raav he the reath-r's fortune to hehoM, though entirely unlike it, may 
 he none the le.ss beautiful and enchanting. 
 
 so 
 
 ste 
 
 rot 
 
 MOUNT GAKFIELD. 
 
 '.- The old Tip-Top and Sunmrit Houses still stand, together with the 
 buildings of the V. S. Signal Service, the ticket-office and station of the 
 Glen llotise stage line, witli its stables, and the engine liouse of the 
 railway. The otlice of .1 wow/ /he Clonds, % daily paper, occupies the 
 old Tip-Top House ; and in the Signal Service buihling a band of reso- 
 lute ujen brave the rigors of winter in the interests of science, recording 
 the temperature, the velocity of the wind, etc. "With the thermometer 
 at fifty degree^below zero, and the wind blowing with a velocity of one 
 
TlIK WllITK M or. \ TAINS. 
 
 m 
 
 iftcr itiiotlicr, ac- 
 )f tlie risiii,,- sun, 
 H'ly rc^sist the cn- 
 tlicn, i.s tlio sun 
 ,vitli his clu'criiig 
 jmts on luT most 
 sIkhI, suiipliinteil 
 
 ied by th(^ writer. 
 <, and that whivli 
 'ly iinliko it, may 
 
 together with the 
 and station of tlie 
 gine lioiise of the 
 ;)aper, occupies tho 
 ng a hand of reso- 
 ' science, recording 
 1 the thermometer 
 h a velocity of one 
 
 humh'ed and litty miles an lioiir. il must re(|uire uervi's ..f steel ami a 
 hardv eonstitutiim to survive tin- (inleai. 
 
 file old liridle path tViiiii tlie Crawford lio\ise to thi! summit is stdl 
 employed l.y those who wish to make the aseeiit, as in the "good old 
 days," hut "the favorite method, ne.\t to tht- railroad trip, is l.y the 
 GLEN HOUSE STAGE LINE. 
 
 The road is eight miles in h-ngth, and hy skillful engineering has l.eeu 
 so huilt as to rise, tm an average, only ahout one foot in eight, tho 
 steepest place heing one foot in si.\, and tha^ for a short ilistance only,^ 
 lendeiing the .is(.ent easy and comfortahle. Passengers hy way of 
 
 .-r-^'i^i&'ii^--^ 
 
 .MOINT W.VSUIXOTON CAUUI.VliE UO.VD. 
 
 l,iorh:\ui, on the (Jrand Trunk, reach the summit by this niothod, and 
 then havi! the privilei'e of descending by rail on tho other side. 
 
 Tlx'kkkm.\.\'s Kavixk, an immense seam in the side of Jlount Wash- 
 ington, may be explored from the summit, or by following up the svream 
 wlueh takes its rise in this gorge. The chasm is tilled to a gnsat depth 
 by tlie snows of winter, which, in the process of melting, form beautiful 
 arches, sometimes visible till late in the summer. 
 
 lleturning to the base, we are again at the Fabyan House, from 
 which point we may make excursions in various directions, the excellent 
 livery in connection furnishing carriages and trusty drivers, who will 
 act as guides, and give interesting information to those in tlieii- cliargc. 
 
 Before proceeding in our onward journey toward the sea, let us re- 
 trace our steps for a visit to the famous Fraxconia Valley. 
 
 .J 
 
.M 
 
KltANCdMA MiTCll. OT 
 
 Fi'unvvniH Xofcft. 
 
 From IJrtlilclifiii stiitum, as jirovinusly uiciitiDiicil. tlic Pmtilf iV- 
 FniiuMHiiii Noti-li liiiilroitd fxtciuls to tliis rcsurt. wliicli is oiii' of iIk^ 
 most iio|iiiliir ill tlic Wliitc .Momitaiii \v<i\o\\. its crowiiiii;,' attra.'Mnii 
 is tht^ wlfl)ratf(l I'lolili-, so widely known as ••TiiK Oi.n Man ok hi k 
 Moi'NTAlN." This colossal cojiy of tlu' human face is to In- seen on tlu> 
 
 (11.1) MAN or TIIK MlilNTAlN. — IH^I'A.NT VIEW. 
 
 southcni si(It) of Pnitilc .Mountain, with liol.l anil liijili foivlifail, 
 straiylit nose, sliuhtly parted mouth, and prominent chin. Fi fore- 
 head to chin, the face measures .some ei^dity feet, and the elevation is 
 some tifteen hundred feet ahove ProHl" Lake, which, from its locition, 
 is sometimes called ■• The Old Plan's .Mirror." and -The Old .Man's 
 Washhowl." 
 
 Prokii.k HofsK, an elegant and roomy hotel, with accoinmodations 
 for live hunilred ijuests. is not tlie least attractive feature of the nei^h- 
 liorhood, its yreat iiopularity often tillinj,' it to overtlowin;.'. even lie- 
 fore the railroad made it so easy of access. .Mcsms. Taft it Oreeiileat, 
 the iiroprietors, are among the most succes,-,fiil hotel niaiiagers in all 
 the region. 
 
 MofNT Lakavkttk. the highest peak of the Fraiieeiiian range, has 
 an altitude of ."i.l'-'i'.t feet, and the view from the summit is regarded as 
 second only to that from Mount Wa.shington. Tlie aseent is made hy 
 
 :ii 
 
n« 
 
 (ill(A(in Ti> TIIK SKA. 
 
 l.ri.llr I'i'tl' <"'-.'m til.' Trntilr llnus.'. wlinv li.nsr,. -mhI.'s. .•(.•.. iiiv to 
 1„. lum'.l at tlu- .-ni.v ,>\- (),.■ t.-uriM. A Imil.lii,- mI 1 ..• siiiipmiI mI 
 f„nls sliclt.'f fVuiii im-l.'inrnt wrMilnr, „r llir ^rvfiv wiii.ls wln.li soi.ir 
 tiiiifs i.rcviiH lit such Mil clrvMtioii, 
 
 K\(:i K CMrr. :i Ini^'.' cm;,', witli iiivci|ii(ous tiuiit. towers \i\> to tlic 
 ■'.,.iol,t nfliftci'ii liim.lrc.l feet, .liivctlv ill IVont of tlic liotcl. A ]iiiir.ot 
 
 rubles iiiiiilc it tlicii' liuiiic tor sonic _vc;iis. until 
 liiivcu iiwiiv liy tlic curiosity of cxj.loivrs. A 
 tine view of tlic ClitV is to I'c liinl from Kciio 
 Lakk. wliicli nestles Ml its l.asc. Mini is one of 
 llie most cliMiniin^' little lio.lies of wMtcr lo l>e 
 fouml. 'I'lic IiImsI of M liorn, or the iviioit of m 
 siiimII cMnnou, tii'oil iit intervals to " wmU.' tlie 
 echoes," rcvcrhcratcs a.<;aiiist tho sitles of the 
 (llilf and the rocky walls whidi i'nviron the 
 lake, with a succession of sharp ami iiis- 
 tinct re[)etitioiis, j,'rowing fainter ami 
 fainter, auil linally dyin;; away aiiion^' 
 the far-olf dill's, with an ctfect as heaii- 
 tifnl as it is suriirisiti;;. 
 
 Tlio Protilo House stantls at the ;;ate- 
 way of the Notch, the ai)i)n)acli heing 
 
 ,. from tlie north. 
 
 *Kvrl7', On eithi-r side 
 
 EA(.i.E (Lirr. 
 
 ^ ■ of the gorge, 
 the Friinconia 
 ^ range extends 
 in a Houtlierly 
 direction, La- 
 ,'> fayette. Lin- 
 > coin and I^ih- 
 Verty on the 
 east, Profile. 
 Kinsman an<l 
 I'emigeWMSset 
 on the we.-,t. 
 with several 
 lesser Jieaks 
 Mild spurs, the 
 valley gl'adu- 
 ally descend- 
 ing to the 
 soiilh. and 
 into the Yallev of the Peni 
 
 xvidi'iiing in the descent, until it expands 
 
 iiiewasset. , i- r ii i 
 
 Three miles from the Profile House, a path diverges from the road 
 smalW.rook, auu a walk of half a mile brings to view a succes- 
 
 
 near a 
 
niANniMA Nulrll. 
 
 09 
 
 iili'^, I'll'., iil'i' to 
 
 till' siiii)i:iit mI' 
 
 nils wlliill soinr 
 
 tllNMTS ll]l to till' 
 
 Imli'l. A ])iiir nt' 
 
 siiiiir yi'iirs, until 
 
 {' cxiilini'is. A 
 
 liiiil t'loni Kciio 
 
 so, mill is Kill- <>t" 
 
 ii'S lit' wntrr In In- 
 
 >r tlu' i-i'|iint of ii 
 
 ills to " Wiiki' tlir 
 
 t tlin siili's of till' 
 
 vliiili imviroii llu' 
 
 of sliarj) iiiiil liis- 
 
 kiiig faiiiti'i' iiiiil 
 
 inj,' iiwiiy iiiiiiiii.i,' 
 
 nil t'tlV'ct iis I'i'au- 
 
 r 
 
 itiiuils lit till' yati'- 
 apitroufli tii'iiig 
 
 froiiitlii' north. 
 
 On citlifi' siilo 
 M ' of till' ;;or,irf, 
 Mj the Friiiicoiiia 
 ^*r laiigt' cxti'inls 
 
 r' in 11 southi'rly 
 ., iliri't'tioii. lia- 
 j> fayettf. Lin- 
 coln ami I.ili 
 rrty on tin' 
 I'ust, Protili'. 
 ^j Kinsman ami 
 l'('nii<.'i'\vasM't 
 on tlif VI '.>t. 
 with si'vnal 
 I 'rsM r ju'a k s 
 ' ^" aiiil sjnirs. tin' 
 ."-" vallt'y ui'ii'l"'- 
 aliy ili'sci'iiil 
 i n i; to t h r 
 soul h. a ml 
 Yalli'y of till' Pern 
 
 oi'ircs from the loail 
 ii's to vii'W a sut'ccs- 
 
 siuii ot' |iirlMn'si|iif waliTfalU. wlmli iiavr rri'i'i\i''l iIm' naiin' nf 
 W Al.KKIl's {''alis. a liiilf mill' fiirllii'i' Miiilli i:^ ihr I'.AsiN. a rniiiMis 
 
 si:\H \i\:\\ 111' iiii; rmiiii.E. 
 
 granite reservoir, ahout loHy fi'i't acro.ss. ami twiity-riuht ti'rt ilei'ii, 
 n which the waters iiiiike a 'gyratory turn, after the whiil|"iol onli'r. 
 Fi VI' miles from t lie Ptoiiii' House, near the lower gateway of the 
 
 L.tn u. 
 
 i 
 
KltAMoMA MdlMAlN-*, T 
 
 uiiM ri '.111.1:^^ A»>i;i' \ Ai i.r.K 
 
 Mul S r I.MAVKTTi: 
 
 N 
 I'll 
 
 It' 
 
 1" 
 
 Im 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
FIl.Wru.MA .NiiK II, 
 
 101 
 
 Nntcli. is till' Kmmk llni >i;. so ii;iiiii'(l IViiin it> |iic)\iiiiity to tin- rurky 
 iii\iiit', liclwii'ii w III iM' walls I III- ( JiiMt JMiiiMir is sii>,|ii'iiilt'i|, ii> lliiMii.'h 
 rt'iidy to fall Mt tlif slii.'lili'si |iniviic'iitii)ii. As ilii'sc |ii(i;fs art' licim; 
 jpiiiitfil. till' lrlruia|i|i liiiiiits till' iit'Ws tliat tin- ra\iiii' lias lii-i'ii clinki'il 
 liy an avaliiiirlii', ainl tlir fall iit' tlic IpdiiIiIci' is ir|iiiil''il. W'lii'ii llii' 
 
 Imiik' is ill ill"' liamls 111' its li'Mili'l's. till' I'DITi'i'tlH'ss lit" llli' rr|iii|l will 
 
 liavi- lii'i'ii iliii'iiiiiiii'il. liiit at lliis wriliiij; it caiiiiol lii' MTilii'il. 
 
 Till' I'lml. I 111' < 'asrailrs, ( 'i'iir!.'iamia Falls. Mnlllit l'i'liii;.'i'W'lssi'l , ami 
 
 1-1. iMi; AM) 11111 i.iii;k. 
 
 otiirr iiliji'fts 111' iiili'ii'st, all' til 111' \ isitt'il triHii tlii' Kiiiiiii' llmisi'. A 
 staui' iDiitc I'Xtciiils fViiiii till' Prolilt' iliiiisi' to I'lyiiiiiiitli, <•/</ tln' 
 Pi'iiiiLri'wassft. anil lii'l'iiri' till' coniiili'tiiiii lit' I III' railroail f'runi I'.i'tlili'- 
 liini. was till' ]iiiiiri|iMl nn'tliuil nt' I'linvi'vaiu'r tn tliis Ideality. 
 
 it is still a faviiiiti' with many travcli'is. lii'liiji. as almM' iiiilii'att'il, 
 a ilirt't't roiiti' to Pl.V.MoiTil. a favorite lesort on the Hoston, (Joiieonl, 
 iV Miintreal Hailni.ul. Those wisliini; to reaeli lioston liy tins ronte 
 may lonnect liy staye with the trains at I'lyiiiouth. or. I'etnrniny: In 
 liethli'lieiii. may take the trains ot' this mail, which run rln ^^ in;; 
 luiail. Littleton. Warren. Wells iJiver. riymoiith anil Lake \\'inni|ie- 
 .sailkee. to ('olienril. thi'liie liy Coiicoril, Jj)\vell iV' Jioston Itailroail. to 
 the metro|ii)]is of N'ew Kiitflaml. This is a |io]nilar loiite lietween 
 Txiston ami the mountains, and is very largely |iatroiiizeil in tin; 
 .Slimmer. 
 
 !■; 
 
HI 
 V 
 \* 
 
 ti 
 
J 
 
 fl 
 
 
 o 
 A 
 
 -1 
 u 
 
 2 
 
 H 
 H 
 
 \ * 
 
 !.< 
 
 '4 
 
 r.AUK \VINNII'K.«AIKKK. 
 
 lii:*. 
 
 Ni'iir Willi' II, on til is liiir, is .Muhsh.m m:, h niiiiiiiiniii jicak >it' shimk 
 ffli'luity. wliifh tVimi its nniiiiiiiativfly iMtiliitftl |ii)sitiiin, iitlnrilM ii \<iv 
 lilli' view fViiiii its silllllllit. 'rill' town iMuists n\' /l/'f i/ . m ,7rn of liiillt 
 Mt ii'iiiiis, Mill! >i'M'iiil rxfi'llciit lintels |no\ii|i' ^tioii iii'i'iiniiniiiliil iiiiis tor 
 Hiifli lis dcMiii' to "(lii)j) till' liiii'," or spriiil II M'iiMiii ill ii'iTi'iil ion. 
 
 '"^^^^^^^^'^ 
 
 ^-^-^ i- 
 
 iiWl.N IIKAI) AMI MOOHll.AlKE MOUNTAIN. 
 
 TilK PKMi<ii-.\v.\ssi;T Hoim:, at I'lynioiitii. is tlm ilinin^' station of 
 till' |]. ('. it M. H. H.. and lias an almost national ivpiitation for tlio 
 e.xci'lli'ncH of its cuisine. Jt is ..Iso a, favorite suniiner resort hotel. 
 
 Till! Iieantifiil Ti.MvK Winn'II'Ks.mkkk is rei'clieil at Weirs Station 
 anil Steanilioat Lanilini,'- This sheet of water, irre^jiilar in its Ipoiinilaries, 
 HtutUled with Immlreils of i.slamis, and liordered )>y some of the tinest 
 scenery in the world, has olitained almost ii world-wide fanu;, beinjj 
 visiteii liy thousands of tourists every season. Weirs Station is on the 
 western shore ; and within a few years has hecome celehrated as the loca- 
 tion of ii permanent camp-ground, occupied in turns hy the Methodises, 
 
104 
 
 CIIICAtlO TO THK SEA. 
 
 tlie UnitjiriiiiiH, ,. ■' tlie (jrantl Army of tlie Republic. Stnerul liott'ls 
 ami suimiMT lioiirdiiif; lioust's liiivc lifcn Imilt to accoininodatt' 'he in- 
 crcasiiif; (Ifinands of tourists who wish to tarry hy the iiiar<;in of the 
 lake, and enjoy its lovely scenery, and hathe and tish in it:, waters, or 
 ridi' ovf!- its surface anionj; its myriad islanils. Center Hai'hor, on 
 its north siiore, Wolfl>oro on the east, and Alton Bay on the south, art- 
 all well-known sunnuer resorts, and the ride liet'veen these ])oints hy 
 .st"anier constitutes a delightful ti'ip. Two hoats of consideralde size, 
 the " Laily of the Lake, ' owned liy the Boston, Concord it iMontrea! 
 Railroad, and the "Mount Washington," the pro]>erty of the Rosion 
 
 l■^;.MH,^.\^A^«li■^■ UUUSE, I'LYMOLTll. N. a. 
 
 A' Maine Railroad, togetl r with several sm.iller craft, constitute thv 
 flotilla ; nn<l theii' fiei|Uent trips among the islands and hetween the 
 principal ports jnst mentioned atfoi'd opportunity to enjoy the attrac 
 tions of Winnipesaukee. and to realize the siLfni'.icaia:' of its In<lian ti- 
 tle, which is translated "Smile of the Great Spiiit. " 
 
 The " Weirs " takes its name from having foimerly heen the location 
 of the tish-weirs of the ahoiigines, whence an unlimited supjdy of food 
 Wiis drawn, in the ilays hefoi-e the shriek of the locomotive, oi- even the 
 crack of the stage-driver's whip, hroke the .stillness of the adjacent 
 forests. 
 
 From Weiis Station tlie route to Boston is lu'a Concord, Man- 
 che.ster, Nashfla, and I.uwell. 
 
 
^y 
 
 Several hotels 
 inodate 'he iu- 
 ■ niar;riii of the 
 in it:, waters, or 
 iter Harhor, on 
 .n the south, are 
 these j)oints hy 
 onsiih'ral)le size, 
 L'oiil 1*1' ^loiitreal 
 V of the Rosioii 
 
 aft, constitute the 
 anil lietween the 
 enjoy the atti'ae 
 ;• of its Inilian ti 
 
 y lieen the location 
 teil snpjjly of fooil 
 notive, or even the 
 ss of tiie adjacent 
 
 t(t C'oncortl, Man- 
 
 Ir 
 
 X 
 
IQf, (llICAtiO Til TIIK SKA. 
 
 Wfiitc Mountain Ketch, 
 
 Tlie route IVom Fal.yan House to Poitlaml extends tbrovgh this fa- 
 mous pass, over the Poutlaxd & OdDENsmiui Railroad ; ami t}ie rule 
 is one of the most .h'lifjhtful trips by rail to be aliorded east ot the 
 Rocky Mountains, and with the exception of the ascent to the summit 
 of Mount Washington, is the grandest aiul most impressive. Ihe rail- 
 way itself is a wonder, overcoming, in its construction, obstacles that 
 might appall the stoutest-hearted engineer. Rimning here upon a lotty 
 trestle, clinging now to the si<le of a mountain, winding aroun<l the base 
 of some overhanging clilf, again bridging some mountain stream lar 
 above its bed, it threads its devious way through the pass, abolishing 
 the fatigue and liardship incident to mountain visiting, and aHonUng a 
 panoramic view of scenery unsurpassed for variety, novelty and 
 
 Kvandeur. ,^ i • i ,„ 
 
 The trip through the Notch is made in Observation Cars, which aio 
 attached to all trains. These are open at the sides, ami provided witli 
 revolving arm chairs, thus affording an outlook in all directions, adding 
 materially to the pleasure of the journey. The first live miles accom- 
 plished, and we are at 
 
 THE CRAWFORD HOUSE, 
 Almost in the very gates of the N^ tch, near its upper entrance. Either 
 in going or returning, this will be bund a <lesir..ble stopping phice, as 
 theJ-e are many points of interest in this vicinity. The hotel itself is 
 spacious an.l degant, accommodating 300 gue^.ts. In the days of moun- 
 tain-climbing by "brute force," it wi- the starting point of the brulle 
 path to the summit of Mount Washiugton ; but the hardy mountain 
 ponies, trusty and sure-footed, have given w y to the " iron horse, no 
 less trusty, l)nt vastly less romantic. 
 
 Saco Lake, near the house, is the source of Saco River, here a dimin- 
 utive stream, but increasing in volume cm its way to the sea, as it ab- 
 sorbs tlie brooklets and rivulets, until it is utilized in turning the busy 
 wheels of industrious machinery in msuy a factory before it is lost in 
 
 the Ailantic. i. i- -i ii,r 
 
 C iBBs' Falls, also near the hotel, are forty teet in height, divided by 
 a rocky cliff into two parts. They weve viamed in honor of ^ tormer 
 landlord of the house. , , , , . „ 
 
 Beech kr's Cascade, a half mile distant, may have had some other 
 name, but it is no^ lost in the distinction given it by a baptism expe- 
 rience.l by the eminent divine, not according tw the method ot Plymouth 
 Church, but more after the Roger Williams standard, and whoLy 
 
 involuntary. „ „ -wr-n i i 
 
 Mount WiLLARD, sometimes cal let! Mount Tom, or Tom Willard al- 
 though not of gi'eat altitude, furnishes an excellent point ot observation 
 from its summit, which is reached by a comfortable carru-ge ride. 1 he 
 
 
broigli this fii- 
 i ; iuul tlie ritle 
 ed east of tho 
 to tlie Hummit 
 sivo. The mil- 
 obstacles that 
 re upon a lofty 
 ftround the base 
 ain stream far 
 lass, abolishing 
 antl affording ii 
 novelty and 
 
 Oaks, which are, 
 
 I provided witli 
 
 ections, adding 
 
 ve miles accom- 
 
 itranee. Either 
 ipping place, as 
 le hotel itself is* 
 le days of motin- 
 nt of the bridle 
 hardy mountain 
 iron horse," no 
 
 'er, here a diniin- 
 le sea, as it ab- 
 turning the busy 
 fore it is lost in 
 
 eight, divided by 
 jnor of ct former 
 
 e had some other 
 a baptism expe- 
 lled of Plymouth 
 !ird, and wholly 
 
 Tom Willard, al- 
 int of observation 
 rriage ride. The 
 
 h 
 
108 
 
 flllCAOO TO THE SEA. 
 
 view is hi.rl.lv pnus..l l.y K..0.1 ,iu.l,ij.'s, Anthony Trollop.^ .leclanng it 
 unenuthMlin^ill th- el.issic Rhin.lun.l. Stan-Ung at the very gate ot 
 the Notch, it conunanils an excellent view of the chasm, ami the (Utter- 
 ent mountains whirl, encompass it, together with >i splen.lxl prospect 
 to the west and north. 
 
 llicmiir's I'OUl., KUAXCOMA XOTlH. 
 
 Silver Cascade and the Flume Cascade are two of the attractioiis of 
 the locality, winch leap down the sides of Mmmt Wehster ^n £^^^ 
 disorder, now spreading out over a rocky Led m a th.n sh.et of s h i , 
 gathering again in son.e pool for a plunge over a preapice, bieaku g 
 Lo spn;y L the .Lsc^Mu! then running swiftly u. '--•■<- j"!;-"^ J 
 if crathering momentum for another grand leap, au.l so lauglung, smg- 
 iiig^md dancuig on its way, to join the Saco in its noisy pilgrimage to 
 the sea. _ 
 
WHITE MOl NTAIN NOTCH. 
 
 109 
 
 llopi' (lecliiriiig it 
 tht; very gate of 
 m, iind tlie (Uffei- 
 (plfiidid i)ioHpoct 
 
 ^:*. 
 
 'i> 
 
 9;>' 
 
 of the attnictioiiK of 
 tVebstin' in gloiious 
 thin slicet of silver, 
 prec'ipice, ))reiiking 
 I nainnv channel as 
 (1 so laughing, sing- 
 noisy pilgrimage to 
 
 Thk Wli.i.EY HorsK. nienioiahle as the scene of the disaster known 
 in history us the "Willey Slide, " is located nnder the steep acclivity ()f 
 Mount Willey, which rises some 2,(HM) feet ahove the house. ( )pjiosito 
 are the frowning cliHs of Mnunt Wel.ster, with the Saco Kiver tluwing 
 near. The story of the fearful calamity is familiar, hut its ie|)etition 
 may be of interest to our readers. On the night of Aiignst 1'^, ll^l'ti, a 
 terrible storm occurred, swelling the brooklets into angry torrents, and 
 l(3osening the soil from its hold on the rocky acclivity of Mount Willey, 
 sending it down the mountain side with a fearful roai-, threatening de- 
 struction to everything in its path. Mr. Willey, his wife, five children, 
 and two hired men, comprised the inmates of the hdUM- ; and it is sup- 
 posed that they became irightened and iled from tlu- lionse to escajie 
 the peril, and rushed into the very jaws of death, lieing overwhelmed 
 in tl-.e avalanche, not one es'caping to tell the tale. The faithful house- 
 dog, however, appeared at Conway, and endeavored to give intelligence 
 of "what had happened by all the resources of his j.ower of connnunica- 
 tiou. The bodies of six of the victims were recovered, liut three of the^ 
 children found permanent burial in the (lehrin. The saddest feature of 
 the calamity is the fact that had they remained in the house no harm 
 would have befallen thena, as a large rock at the back of the house di- 
 vided the slide, and sent it by on either .side, leaving the building un- 
 touched. The scarred siile of the mountain still shows th»^ track of the 
 avalanche, only enough soil being left to support a growth of white 
 birches. 
 
 AvALAXCHK Brook, ko called from being regarded as the cause of 
 the disaster, has on it a beautiful cataract, (-ailed the Sylvax Gi.ade 
 Cataract, and higher up. another called Si-arklino Cascade. 
 
 Such of the forgoing objects of interest as are visible from the train 
 are pointed out by the conductor and trainmen, and an occasional halt 
 is made to permit of a longer view of some point of special importance. 
 If time will permit, it is well to stop otf at one or more of the stations, 
 and [iroceed l>y following trains. But whether this be your privilege 
 or not, the ride will be one not soon foi'gotten, ai d its repetition de- 
 sired and longed for. 
 
 Below Willey ^lountain the valley oi^ns out into a wider e.xpanse, 
 and the scenery becomes less wild and romantic, but none the less 
 beautiful with t"lie change. The Willcy-Brook Bridge is a tine specimen 
 of engineering skill, and is crossed by the train, giving the courageous 
 passengers a chance to peer into the deep gulf which it spans, and the 
 timid ones occasion to "hold their breath" at the thought of a possible 
 timible, should '• anything liapi)en." The bridge, however, gives no oc- 
 casion for fear, as it is of enormous strength, although not ponderous in 
 appearance. 
 
 A short distance below this point, the train crosses the famous 
 Frankenstein Trestle, an iion structure tive hundred feet long and 
 eighty feet high. Near this are the Giant's Stairs, Moint Resolu- 
 tion and Moint Crawford, the latter nearly opposite Bemis Statitm. 
 
 .fcyli 
 
SCEXEfi IX THE WHITE MOl XTAIN SUTCII.— V. & O. KAlLltOAU. 
 
WIIITK MOINTAIN MiTCII. 
 
 Ill 
 
 NtMP lion- is till" old Mount ('iMwiunl lloiisi', now clusi'il. wlicic Alicl 
 riiiwfonl, tin' pioiH'cr lur whom tlin .Moundiin mikI Xotcli wcri' iiaiiicl, 
 '• kfpt tiivfin " tor miiny years, ami told storii-s nml Icucmls of tln' 
 moiiiitiiiiis to his i;iios(s, iiml, oil oivasioii, piloti'il them to thi' haunts 
 of thi' shv trout, or to mountain summits. Ipy [latlis louj; for^rottcn. 
 Ilis son, Klhan Alli'n Crawford, cut the tii'st luidl. jiath to Mount 
 \Vasiiini,'ton, in 1S21. 
 
 VALi.EV or Tin: s.vco uivEU. 
 
 Naxcy's IJkook is soon roaclicd and crossed, so named fVom ; 
 inei(h'nt iiivolvin<; the old story of a deserted maiden, and a leereant 
 who lied on tlie eve of tlie ai^iointed weddinj,' (hiy, jairsued hy th(^ 
 j;iirl, who porisht^d from exjiosiire, iind was found in tlie snow a 
 foot of a tree, n(!ar the marjiiii of tlie stream which now liears the 
 her mother gave her, a kindly way of commemorating the event 
 otit involving tlie family name. 
 
 Sawyer's Eiveu is crossed, as the road turns .sharjily to the 
 ward, and at Upper Bartlett the interesting liindmark known as 
 yer's Rock commemorates the discovery of this pass, or rathe 
 
 I sad 
 lov(!r 
 poor 
 t the 
 name 
 with- 
 
 east- 
 Saw- 
 r the 
 
 'ill 
 
112 
 
 ClIICAliO Tit TIIK SKA. 
 
 I 
 
 ,tcr..ini.liHlnnn.t of an rvnt wl.i.,1. atteHt.-.l itn .hso.v. .y, viz., gctt n^' 
 ors. luouKh tl.. Notch, ibr wl.k-1. tVat. as an ..v..l..nn. .,t tl.o ex,Ht.;,.co 
 
 of tL ,ass.^Nash, th. .Uscov...vr. an.l a ...otl.,-,- huuU-r nr.nve.l Iron. 
 
 (Jov.-n or W.-ntwoith a Kiant of lan.l known as Nasi. .V N.w.Vfrs U.- 
 
 Z^r Tl... lust obstacle l...in« tl.is roc-k, tlu- ,.oor .east was lot .lown 
 
 over it l.V nu-ans of ro,H.s, an.l Sawy.T .xuUin«ly -UsIumI Ins rum V.ottl. 
 
 HLminst it, which sutUc-l to christ.-n it l.y the namo it now hears. 
 
 AtUi.KNSTATioN, connection is nia.h- with the sta|^e Imc tm- tlu 
 
 (ilen H.a.se up the valley of Kllis Hiver an.l throuj,'. l^»;l|l';;;»/° l^'j" 
 Slu.ul.1 the tra'veler fe.O .lispose.l to n.ake tins trq.. he w,ll ' J "' '^^ 
 to rewar.1 Imn in th.- way of i.ic'tures.iu.' sc-nery, I'l'.^'sant .hiv.s, Ut. 
 At a short .listanc.> fron. the roa.l wh..re .t crosses Klhs t"V'| ; ' t 
 waterfall, known as Cooi.iu.H Fam.s may he seen. Passn.- the l.ttl., 
 villa.^eof ".Tacks.m City," the r.m.l so..n enters th.- pass known as 
 PiNKHAM N..r<H. na,n.-l fron. a tamily of early settlers, who con- 
 structetl the Notch i.ta.l. 
 
 (il.EX-ELI.IS FALL. 
 
 Glkn-Ell.s Fall nmv he reached hy a path .l.ve,;.;n.- from the 
 sta.'e roa.l. The Ellis Kiver her.- .lescen.ls a precipice ^^-ve^ty h'e* 
 &i Fr,.m its conti^uration it was formerly calle.l " Pitcher Fall," hut 
 the more poakic hut less .lescriptive title seems to elm 
 
 to it. 
 
NnltTII niNWAV. 
 
 l]:i 
 
 IV, viz., getting' !i 
 •f of tlio existciiw! 
 cr, nrt'ivtd fmin 
 I iV Siiwyfi's Lo- 
 cust was lot down 
 ml liis ruiii Viottln 
 now Itt'urs. 
 tiij;c line for the 
 , Pinkliam Notch, 
 e will tind iniich 
 ■iisiint ilrivcH, etc. 
 ^'.llis Kiv«'r, a tine 
 hissiu<( the littlt^ 
 (• pass known as 
 ifttlers, who con- 
 
 livfiyiny from tlii; 
 vi-i|iic(' seventy ft-'et 
 '•Pitcher Fall," Init 
 linii to it. 
 
 THE GLEN HOUSE, 
 
 Previously nientioneil as a Une hostelry, is the terminus of the sta;,'*' 
 line. Mere you will meet j^uests who have come liy sta;,'e from <ior 
 ham. ( i;ihi miles (listaiit. on the (!ran<l Trunk Hailw.iy, or tVom the 
 summit of Mount Washin^'ton. hy the cai'ria^e road alreiely di'serilu'd. 
 This location is more than sixteen hundred feet ahovi- sea-level, and the 
 clear, hracinj; atmosphere, the m.ij.'iiilicent scenery, ami the delijuhtful 
 drives in several direction.' toijether with the excellent mannei' in wliicli 
 file hotel is kept, are suthci.iit to account foi' its ])oi)idarity and siic<-ess. 
 In the matter of staf,'e-line manai;enient, it pi-oliahly has no superior in 
 the world, that which conveys the passenf^eis up the carria^je roail to 
 the summit of Mount Washinj^ton lieinjf notahly superior in j)oint of 
 i'quipment, and the well-known skill of its drivers, 
 
 Kxcursions may he made from here to the Carter Notch, Ost'ood's 
 (.'ascades, Summit of Mount Madison, Garnet Pools, Kmerald Pool, 
 Thompson's Falls, lilen-Ellis Falls, Crystal CuscH<le, Tuckerman's J{a- 
 vine, and many other places of moi-e than ordinary interest. 
 
 Al'PKOACH TO SOUTH COXWAV. 
 
 R. K. 
 
 But again taking up our line of travel at Glen Station, the train soon 
 emerges upon the Iwautiful t^oxwAY Ixtervai.ks, Intervale Station heing 
 the next stopping place. The Intervale House, near l;y, is a pleasant 
 ahode for those who choose to tarry. A .short distance heyond is Noinil 
 CoxWAY, a village of multitudinous attractions, and with a jiopularity as 
 a summer resort that is surprising to the casual visitor, who, although 
 seeing much to admire, fails to comprehend tlie peculiar comhinations 
 which bring people year after year to spend their summers in the vicinity. 
 Superticially, the most attractive objects conspicuously visible are the 
 hotels. The spacious Kiarsaroe House seems a veritable paradi.se for 
 
 m 
 
lU 
 
 CIIKAiiU TO TIIK SKA. 
 
 ,1,.- i,-»vvi.-,. ,.i,.i ii» i« «■■ «"-^'- !■ ■!' '":-■', ''""' 'V m',',;I!!, 
 
 imvt! bwii a.-sniLiug, Imt on that ,.tr..unl moiv r 
 
 
 KIAK.XAIUIE IlorSE A.NI> MOfNTAlN.— DISTANT VIEW. 
 
 Th.. Other attractions at North Conway cc.nsist o A r ^ s T' us. f- ^ 
 Lak.-. th.- C'athoaral au.l Le.lg.-s, Diana's Baths th. DomI - 1 ' ' ''' 
 a host of lovely .Iriv-.s in various .livections, with sylvan paths toi p. - 
 
VH fri)i:i its vfiim 
 • timii)\iH I'l'mmki't 
 piiii wliii li tlif vil- 
 ■fccivi's its li:illli' IS 
 ly lit- iiiihIi' ill tin- 
 It- view IVoiu till' 
 u^ictlicr with Miiti' 
 
 IT ll(l(lil'H of wiitrv 
 
 cry (liit'rtidii most 
 iiir, thiiii tlmt we 
 
 111 to till' SfllSCH, 
 
 T VIEW. 
 
 f Artist's Fulls, Kcho 
 lie Devil's Di'ii, anil 
 sylviiii paths for p«'- 
 
 Conway, is the next 
 . Mount C'luK'oruii. 
 (■ si'a-li'Vt'l, isreaclu'il 
 ond, a short distaiu'' 
 
 ;o River, in the initlst 
 in" contrast with tln' 
 
 sHllMiii I.AKK. 
 
 115 
 
 Hfeliery just let't lieliiliil. ('rossillj,' the iioi|||'l:liy line lictweeli N'l'W 
 
 llaiiipHJiire ami Maine, our next station is KinDHiiiH, which some po- 
 
 etic writ«'r has ealleil the " <^ueeii of the Saco Valley. " It is imi I 
 
 a losely town, ciiiliowereil ill deep foliayc, ami all'ordin;^ the \isitor 
 most ilcli|{htfiil ili'ivcs. Jockey ('ap, a huge granite pile, is near thu 
 
 Mor.NT KIAUSAIIII 
 
 Hi; IM.iJI AKUr. 
 
 village ; ami close liy is liovewell's Poiiil, the scene of all (mlian liattlo 
 in ITl'.'i. Mount Pleasant is only seven miles ilistant, ami has upon its 
 summit a tine hotel. 
 
 Passing in ijiiick' siicci'ssioii the stations of lirowntieM, Hiram, the 
 three IJahlwins, ami Steep Vn\U, we reach 
 
 SEBAGO LAKE, 
 
 Sev(!ntet'n miles from Portlaml. ami forty-tlireo from North Conway. 
 For a short <listajice before reaching the lake, the run is devoid of in- 
 terest and exceedingly tanu? ; hut as the road skirts (he shores of this 
 beautiful sheet of water, ami its liroad ex]>anse stretches away in the 
 distance, liounded hy wooded shores and sandy heeches, the change is 
 magical, and the contrast a most pleasing one. Sehago itself is twelvi> 
 miles long and nine miles wide, aii<l is connected with liong Pond hy 
 means of Songo Kiver and the "Hay of N'aples," formerly '• P)raiidy 
 Pond," — liefore the days of the " .^^aine law." The entire chain of 
 lakes, ri\er and liay .illoiils a steamlioat ride of sixty-iught miles in the 
 round trip. I'lridgton. one of the steamer-landings on Loni! Pond, is 
 the birth-place of the genial humorist " Artenius Ward." From Port- 
 land, a pleasant and popular trip consists of a ride to Sebago by the 
 
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 Wi( 
 
 
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MOt'NT DKHKIIT ISI.ANIi. 
 
 17 
 
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 M 
 
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 5 
 
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 m 
 
 ii.: 
 
 [t; 
 
 ts 
 
 iiitiniiiiK tram, a trip uM'I' iIh' l.ik.' to niiil^tidi, ii'tiiiiiiiiy in (iim- fur 
 till' fvi'iiiii;; liiiiii tti i'lii'tiaiiil. 
 
 And tliitliiT. in the fontiniiiitioii of niir cM-iirMion, wf tuo must p». 
 ( (illy Hnvt'Mtri'ii inil«'.H iiiiiri- of (lur Ioiik ami llt•li^'lltt■|ll i<>iirm'_v " iVniii 
 CliiiMl^^o to tin Sea " remain to Im tniv tmoiI, Alfiiont ifiiivlt'ully wn 
 liii>;ir over tin' tow lust lfa;<ni'H of tlu> trip, liut n'mi'inlM-riu^' that citlifr 
 way from I'lnlliinl our cxiMiision may 1m' It'iiytln'iii'il imli'linilviy, wo 
 ifMiimn yur Ht'iitM ill tilt' tram, ami in lifty minuti's an' iu 
 
 THE METROPOLIS OF MAINE. 
 
 FoKTi.ANit is pleasantly sitiiatcl on a narrow pi-iiiiisula projcL'tiiig 
 from till' went shorn of ( 'ast'o Hay. This pi'iiiiisnla is alioiit tlin-i' milcH 
 in Ifiij^th from east to west, with eonsiileralile elevations at each eml, 
 ^jivitij,' th« city a lieautiful appearanoo as approaeheil from the sea. 
 Its harlior is om< of the liest on the Atlantic coast, liein^' ileep ami ni- 
 pacious. anil protecteil hy himl on all sides. The eity is heaiitifiilly 
 laid out, its piihlic Imildiiigs are tine, and many of its private residenceH 
 «?legiiiit. 
 
 The commercial and luisiness interests of the city are extensive and 
 important, the value of the shipping owned in the district heing very 
 great, and its manufactures employing a large amount of capital. The 
 railroads centering here are the Portland it ( )gdensl)urg, Portlaiid it 
 Hochester, Boston ife Maine, P]asterii, Maine ( "entral, and (irand Trunk. 
 
 The leailing hotels of Portland are the Fahuouth, United .>tatoH, 
 Preble, City, Kirkland, and Merchants. 
 
 The climate of Portland is remarkably salulirious, the city being 
 peculiarly exempt from epidemics, or climatic diseases of any kind. 
 The HOUfce of water supply (Hebago l^ake), and the excellent facilities 
 for drainage, undoubtedly contribute much to the healthfulness of the 
 locality. These circumstances, together with the proximity of beaches 
 and other i-esorts, rend-jr Portland a lU^sirable place for summer so- 
 journing, a fact of which no little advantage is taken in the season of 
 travel. The steamship lines running from Portland to eastern jiorts 
 along tlie coast of Maine and tlie maiatime provinces, atlbrd the tourist 
 opi)ortunities to exteml his trip "away down East," as far as time and 
 inclination will permit. One resort of special interest deserves men- 
 tion while this subject is under consideration, on account of its remark- 
 able attractiveness, and its increasing jiopularity. 
 
 MOUNT DESERT ISLAND, 
 
 One hundred and ten miles nortlieast from Portland, is reached by 
 the Portland, Banmior and Machias Stkamboat Line, whose boats 
 make connection with tlie trains from Boston and the White Mount- 
 ains. They are stauncli and seaworthy, and finely equipptsd ; and the 
 trip along the shore, past tlie thrifty villages, and among the pictur- 
 esque scenery, is full of delights. 
 
 The island of Mount Desert lies fjuite near the mainland, with 
 
118 
 
 CHICAGO TO THE SKA. 
 
 which coiinnunication is ha.l l.y m.-uns of >i l.ri.ljio which c.ossos at Tren- 
 ton.'!^ In «hiii.e, the ishm.l is <iuite irregular, and is ahout eiphte.-n 
 miles long l.v tw.-lve wide. It is nearly .livi.lecl m two h^ t^on.es 
 Sound, and its shores or all sides are indented l.v pictures.|ue bays and 
 
 
 
 inlet • The gi-eater part of its surface is covered with mountain 
 peaks, some thii-teen in n'lml.'.r, theliighest, Mt. Green, rising tully two 
 thousand feet above the sea. High up among tlie.se peaks are several 
 beautiful lakes, which, with tie streams that flow from them, abound in 
 
 trout. 
 
 
OLD OBCIIAIU) BE.VCH. 
 
 lin 
 
 li crosses at Tren- 
 i al)out eighteen 
 n two hli Somes 
 ures(Hie l>ays ami 
 
 
 ' ll'l, if, it,' I . 
 
 
 
 red with mountain 
 ien, rising fully two 
 56 peaks are several 
 oni them, abound in 
 
 The first landing point, approaching from Portland, is !S(»i tiiwkst 
 Hakuok. Here are several excellent hotels, and the scenery in the 
 vicinity, and accessible by pleasant carriage drives, is beautiful antl 
 pictures(|iie. Urei-n Mountain is reivclied from this point to good ad- 
 vantage by the westerly slope, a carriage road leading to the sunmiit, 
 where a hotel is locatetl. 
 
 l$.\ii Hauiiou. fifteen miles beyond Southwest Harbor, is even more 
 pictures«|ue ami roniartii; in its location than the latter. The scenery 
 along the coast is bold and ini[)ressive, stupi-niloiis dilfs rising abruptly 
 to the height of .several hundred feet. IJar Harbor is i»lentifully sup- 
 plied with hotels, and their facilities an; often utilized by the throngs 
 of artists and pleasure-seekers who make summer pilgrimages in search 
 of the beautiful, the art galleries and studios of the country testifying 
 to the success of tin; former in transferring to canvas the gems of 
 scenery which have formed the basis of so many studies and afforded 
 so much delight. 
 
 In addition to the many •• down-east" tri))s tliat may be made from 
 Portland, its nearness to some of the fine lieachi's of the Atlantic coast 
 is another of its attractions as an objective jRunt for the tourist. Two 
 great railway lines connect Portland with Uoston, ami on(> or both of 
 them reach all the principal intervening .seaside n^sorts. 
 
 One of the most noted of these is 
 
 OLD ORCHARD BEACH. 
 
 This celebrated seaside camp-grouml, — for as a place for temper- 
 ance and religious camp-meetings it is best kncnvn. — is reached by the 
 Boston & M.\ink Railroad, extensively advertised by its managers a,< 
 the " shore route " between Boston and Portland. And it may not be 
 amiss to say, in this connection, that it is really one of tlie finest 
 eipiipi)ed and best managed railroads in the country. Its general su- 
 perintendent, Mr. J. T. Furber, is one of the successful railroad man- 
 agers of New England, a tireless worker, looking after every detail of 
 the road and its operation, with a degree of energy an^. "push" that 
 marks the successful business man wherever you meet him in 
 Yankeedom. 
 
 Old Orchard not only has a vast expanse of beautil'ul beach, but 
 possesses the additional charm of woodland parks and groves, hun- 
 dreds of acres in extent, stretching away from the shore, enclosing coo) 
 retreats and shady paths, where the forest has been left almost in iti^ 
 primeval state. This happy combination of "woods and seashore" in 
 one locality, aftbrding a pleasing variety and gratifying the tastes of 
 all, is one secret of the great popularity of this resort. The splendid 
 hotel, so conspicuous in the background of our illustration, is kept in a 
 style to please the most fastidious, it Ijeing the leading hotel of this 
 vicinity. The less pretentious house in the foreground is a gi-eat fa- 
 I'orite with many visitors, not only for its home like air, but for the 
 beautiful views to be had from its verandahs and the charming walks 
 
 ;- 1 
 
 L>'4iaiaiii!(!<«Mi> 
 
EASTKUN SKASlbK KKSOKTS. 
 
 121 
 
 T 
 
 and drives in the vicinity. Its patrons sjieak of it in terms of tlie 
 hifiliest toniniendation. 
 
 Wells Bka(1i and Kknnebinkport are also reached by the Boston 
 A- Maine Kallroad, and are among the long list of iKijiular resorts on 
 tlie eastern coast. The Intter has an elegant hotel, the " Ocean Bhitl'," 
 which commands a beautitiil view of ocean and landscape combined. 
 
 At Dover, on the main line to Boston, connection is made with 
 the Winnipesaukee division to Alton Bay, a celebrated summer and 
 cami)-ground resort, at the head of the bay, which is an itrm of the 
 beautiful Lake Winnipesaukee, extending in a southerly direction. 
 The steamer Mount WASHiNiiTON makes frecjuent trijis fiom tliis j)oint 
 to Wolfboro and C'entev Harbor, from either of which i>laces connec- 
 tion is made for the Weirs, on the Boston. Concord it Montreal Rail- 
 road, by steamer " Lady of the Lake." 
 
 The Eastekn Kailkoad, the other throtigh line between Portland 
 and Boston, reaches several of the Vieaches already mentioned, and is 
 the direct route to Hampton and Rye Beaches, Blah's Head, and 
 and Revere Beach, the latter sustaining the same relation to Boston 
 as does Coney Island to New York. 
 
 The Isles of Shoals, nine miles off Portsmouth harbor, are also 
 reached by the E-istern Railroad to Portsmoutli, thence by steamer to 
 Appledore and Star Islands, where two palace hotels, the Ai'I'LEDOre, 
 on the island of the same name, and the Oceanic on Star Island, are 
 kept in regal style by Laiphton Bi others it Co. The gioup comprises 
 nine islands, the largest of whicli is Appledore. It is also the best 
 known, having been for many years the favorite summer liome of many 
 of the prominent literaiy people of New England. It is the residence 
 of Mrs. Celia (Lai^-hton) Thaxter, whose pleasing i;otms have gratified 
 so many readers ; and her childhood was spent in this lovely spot, the 
 veiy air of which is full of poetic inspiration. 
 
 White Island is the location of a light-house which the readers of 
 the Atlantic Monthly will remember as the scene of many of the pleas- 
 ing incidents in Mrs. Thaxter's "Child Life at the Isles of Slioals." 
 
 IN RETURNING FROM THE SEA, 
 
 The excursionist may traverse again the route through the mountains, 
 —and some portions of it are well worthy of a second visit, or by a 
 different route may leach the St. Lawrence River, and find new ob- 
 jects and scenes to claim his attention. Should the latter be his choice, 
 he may take the train of the Concord ct Portsmouth Railroad, at Ports- 
 mouth, and go via Manchester, Concord, White River Junction and 
 St. Albans to Ogdensburg or Montreal, thence homeward by the St. 
 Lawrence River, or the rail route, as preferred. 
 
 Many, however, will wish to see Boston or New York ; and a 
 pleasant trip, comprising a visit to these two cities, may be made by 
 boat or rail from Portland to Boston, thence by Long Island Sound to 
 New York. The Sound Steamer Lines are four in number, all of them 
 
 ih 
 
 ir 
 
 iftl: 
 
122 
 
 CHICAGO TO THE SEA. 
 
 having an initial stage by rail to some point on the Hound where con- 
 nection is made with the boats. 
 
 Thk Fall Rivku Line comjuises a trip by rad from Jio^to.i to 
 Fall River, tbrtv-nine miles, there transferring to one of the Hoating 
 palaces, the " Bristol," the "Providence." or the new an. elegant Pil- 
 grim," the latter being conceded t.. be the finest boat on the Sound J. 
 K Kemlrick, Es.,., is the general manager of tins line, with Jiead- 
 quarters at IJoston, and Geo.^ L. CJonnor is the general passenger agent, 
 
 locate<l in New York. _ ^ 
 
 The STOMNiiTON Line has for its inception the rail route to hton- 
 ington. Connecticut, via Provi.leuce, ^vheie connection is made wUh 
 the elegant steamers, "Massachusetts" and " Rhode Island. Th s 
 route has more of mil an I less of water than the preceding, and avoids 
 the "outside" passages around Point Judith, a consideration that lias 
 its weitrlit with the timid and sensitive. ,, . ♦• 
 
 Thk Providence Line is un.ler the same management as that ot 
 the foregoing, and comprises a rail trip to Provi-lence and boat troni 
 there to New York, the steamers " Stonington " an.l " Narragansett 
 
 beinir employed on this line. ., . ^ xt r 
 
 The Norwich Line has for its beginning a rad trij. to New Lon- 
 don, thence by steamer to New York. •,„! „f tv,^ 
 The start from Boston is in the early evenmg, the arrival at the 
 various boat lan.lings being in ample season for " bed-time, and the 
 trip through the Sound is a night rule, arriving in New York xn sea- 
 son to connect w^.th morning trains if desired. The passengers who 
 arise in moderately good season will enjoy the latter portion of the 
 ride, as the boat enters the famous passage known as "Hell (.ate 
 passes down the East River in view of the islands on which are located 
 the various reformatory, penal, and charitable institu ions of New York 
 Ctv, continuing between the oities of New York ami Brooklyn, under 
 tiie' famous suspension bridge, and around the Battery and Castle 
 Garden into the North River. Hie shipping in the haiboi, the 
 spri-ditly tugs ste..xming here and there, the ferry boats plying between 
 Long Isiand'and New York, and the ceaseless activity and bustle o all 
 things animate, all combine to give to the scene an air of life and Mgor 
 so cl^racteristic of all that pertains to the great metropolis of Am™ 
 The sights and scenes of the city itself are so numerous and vaiied 
 that the pen falters at the thought of even attempting to mention them. 
 If the reader has a desire to " do " the city in a systematic and thorough 
 manner, he should secure the company of some one familiar with its 
 customs and its places of interest, or consult the pages of some city 
 guide book. 
 
 FROM NEW YORK TO THE WESl. 
 
 The return to the West from New York City may be made by sev- 
 eral ditfe^rroutes, at the option of the tourist. The New YoRK 
 Central and Hudson River Railroad affords a pleasant ride up the 
 
NEW YOKK AND lUtSTON TO THE WEST. 
 
 123 
 
 md where coii- 
 
 om Boston to 
 of the floating 
 (I elegant "Pil- 
 ihe Sound. J. 
 ne, with Jiead- 
 iissenger agent, 
 
 route to Ston- 
 i is made with 
 Island." This 
 ing. and avoids 
 ration that has 
 
 lent as that of 
 and l)oat from 
 ' Narragansett " 
 
 ■ip to New Lon- 
 
 arrival at the 
 -time," and the 
 Bw York in sea- 
 passengers who 
 
 portion of the 
 s "Hell Gate," 
 hich are located 
 ns of New York 
 Brooklyn, under 
 tery and Castle 
 the harbor, the 
 i plying between 
 and bustle of all 
 of life and vigor 
 polls of America 
 srous and varied 
 :o mention them, 
 itic and thorough 
 familiar with its 
 ;es of some city 
 
 I'. 
 
 be made by sev- 
 The New York 
 lasant ride up the 
 
 Hudson Kiver, among its beautiful scenery to Albany, thence across 
 the State to Suspension Brixlge or BuHalo, The new West Suokk 
 line, by a nearly parallel route, traverses the other side of the Hudson, 
 and will sotm be comi)leted for througli travel. The trip uji tlie Hud- 
 son liy boat is also a favorite in the summer season, as atlbnling the 
 finest views of the j)oints of interest that liave given to this rivtM- the 
 title of the '• Rhine of America." 
 
 For piitures(iue scenery, no I'oute can be regarded as etjual to the 
 Nkw York, Lake Erie and Western-, faniiliarly known as the •' Erie 
 Line." Crossing the ferry to Jersey City, the passenger by this line 
 finds tlu! trains of this road awaiting at the station, with through cars 
 attached for Butlalo, Rochester, and the princii>al Western points. 
 Leaving Jersey City by the morning train, the tourist will find that the 
 day's ride among the picturesipie mountain, river, and lake scenery all 
 along the line will be one of great interest and enjoyment. The cour- 
 te.sy antl tirbanity of the trainmen and conductors are especially notice- 
 able, and the eating houses, at which ample time is given for meals, ai-e 
 among the best railroad restaurants it is the privilege of the traveler 
 to visit. 
 
 Connt^ction is made at BuHalo with the Canada Southei-n division 
 of the Michigan Central, from wliiidi point the return may be made 
 via Detroit, to the starting ])oint of the journey. 
 
 BOSTON TO THE WEST. 
 
 The return trip from Boston, omitting the visit to New York, may 
 be made very direct, should the tourist so elect. The short line from 
 Boston, and on many accounts a very ])leasant one. is vid the cele- 
 brated HoosAC Tunnel, comprising the Fitchburg Railroad to North 
 Atlams, and the Troy cfe Boston Railroad to Troy, thence vin the New 
 York Central to Suspension Bridge or Butlalo. This route presents 
 the advantages of through sleeping coaches from Boston to Chicago, 
 without change, a most desirable feature for families or for ladies trav- 
 eling alone. 
 
 The line takes its name from the wjnderful tiumel through Hoosac 
 Mountain, which opens a roadway for the locomotive directly across 
 the State of Massachusetts. This immense engineering enterprise was 
 begun in 1862, on the si'pposition that the internal structure of the 
 mountain would be found of a character to aihnit of easy excavation. 
 The undertaking jjroved, however, that its jn-ojectors had been misled 
 by the geologists, and solid rock was the substance to be removed for 
 the greater part of nearly five miles. At an immense cost, the excava- 
 tion was carried on, and in 1875 was open for the passage of trains, 
 and later was perfected by arches of masonry where strengthening was 
 necessary. 
 
 The equipment of the "Tunnel Line" is complete and in all respects 
 first class. The starting point in Boston is from the depot of the 
 Fitchburg Railroad, of which John Adams, Esq., is the genial and 
 
 i-S 
 
 .^^> 
 
r 
 
 m- is s*S iimB > i>- * -i~i,i.l.. Jij.-dMumfm 
 
 124 
 
 OHICAdO TO THE SEA. 
 
 popular Hin«*iint«Mi<l.mt. Tlu^ Western otHc« of tl.o liiu- is in Chicago, 
 J[t l:<r. Randolph Street, in charge of C. E. Lambert, Ls,,., the general 
 
 Western iifissenger agent. i? u • .■ 1,1 
 
 The return from Boston may also be ma'.o by way of Si.n.-gti.'l.l 
 and Albany, by the Boston \- Albany Railroad, thence by the New 
 York Central to BuH'alo or Suspension Bridge. 
 
 AT.d now, having taken the reader, in imagination, from his lioiiie 
 in the West to the Atlantic seiiboar.l, through some of the most de- 
 lightful scenery on the American Continent, and indicated a variety ot 
 routes by which he may return, with a few closing words the duty ot 
 the writer will be done.^ Possibly no one traveler or party will trav- 
 erse all the routes described in this work. In some cases we have in- 
 dicate.1 that choice mRj be made of several metho.ls of reaching a given 
 point, and the taste or preference of the tourist, or the convenience ot 
 Tparty traveling in company, will often decide the route. We have 
 endeavore.1 to give fair an.l impartial description ot the attractions of- 
 fered by the various lines of travel,— often too paintully conscious of 
 the inadeciuacv of words to do justice to the subject considered,— and 
 leave the reader to choose for himself a route from among the variety 
 
 set forth. . . . • i.- 1 „*„ 
 
 Before closing, we will add that a large variety of excursion tickets 
 will be found on sale at the principal ticket offices of the Michigan 
 Central Railroad, from which a selection can be made m accordance 
 with your taste or preferences. If the iK^rusal of this work has assisted 
 in deciding your route, vou will probably be able to secure a ticket 
 through to the sea to accommodate your wishes. By a very convenient 
 arrangement, your choice of a portion of the route may bo left until ar- 
 riving at the St. Lawrence River, when the purser ot the steamer will 
 exchange your ticket, giving opportunity to select from a variety ot ex- 
 cursions, with added side trips to various points of interest. 
 
 And now, with a consciousness of its many imperfections, we bring 
 this work to a close, and take a regretful leave of the reader, with t..e 
 ho,)e ^hat the pages of the book may j.rove serviceable in making en- 
 joyable the journey of many a tourist 
 
 From Cfneaoo fo the Sea, 
 
 ,',",;i,':.V.f«'^v«.vi.A'.A.--' .v-"?^-' * 
 
'1 
 
 w is in l!hicag(), 
 isij., tliu gt'imnil 
 
 ly of Sjiri.'jifield 
 ice by the New 
 
 I, from liiH home 
 of the moHt (hi- 
 nted a variety of 
 )r(ls the duty of 
 jKirty will trav- 
 ases we have in- 
 reaching a given 
 le convenience of 
 onto. We have 
 he attractions of- 
 t'nlly conscious of 
 considered, — and 
 mong the variety 
 
 excursion tickets 
 of the Michigan 
 de in accordance 
 woi'k has assisted 
 secure a ticket 
 a very convenient 
 y bo left until ar- 
 [■ the steamer will 
 aa a variety of ex- 
 terest. 
 
 fections, we bring 
 B reader, with t^.e 
 le in making en- 
 
 ■HicCONTENTS.:l«^ 
 
 AdirondiifkH "3 
 
 Alcxaiidriii Hay. 4!t 
 
 Ami'rlcaii Fall, NliiKara 211, 21 
 
 Apiiroacli l(i North Conway. P. & O. K. U. 113 
 
 Awi-rnl of Miiiiiit Wa»liin);toii S3 
 
 lliir llarhor. Mt. Dfscrt UN 
 
 Hfthli'lu'ni. N. 11 HI 
 
 Hlilillc'n Slairn. Niai?'"'" 31 
 
 Hiimiiis; ^prinK. N'iaiiara 12 
 
 Caiiaila Soiitlicni Railway, • 
 
 C'aiia Hun < 'arryall 
 
 Caimdiuii Kail 
 
 Cape Diiimoiid. Qurhec, 
 
 Capes Eluriillv and Trinlly, 
 
 Cuvi' of the V\'iiid». Niagara 
 
 Chati'iini'av Chai<in, O. & L. C. K. K., 
 
 City of Buffalo 
 
 City of Porllaad. Maine 
 
 Climblni; Mount Juffc'ruon 
 
 Conway Center, N. II 
 
 Crawford House, 
 
 Crossing the Ferry, Detroit, 
 
 Detroit, the City of the Strait, 
 
 DevirsHole, Niagara 
 
 Dining Car SyHtem 
 
 Distant view of Mt. WaHhlngton, 
 
 " Down " vs. •• Up,"— Uapids and Canal, . . 
 
 Kagle Cliff 
 
 Eastward Ho : 
 
 Electric Illurnination, Niagara 
 
 Kabyan House. Wliitc Mountains, 
 
 Pall Hlver Line. Boston and New York,. 
 
 Falls of Montniorenci, 
 
 Falls of Niagara 
 
 Fast New York Express 
 
 Father Hennepin's Sketch of Niagara. . . . 
 Flume and Boulder. Kranconia Notch — 
 
 First View of Niajjara Falls, 
 
 Franconia Mountains 
 
 Franconia Notch 
 
 French Canadian Home 
 
 Gates of Quebec, two views 
 
 Glen Ellis Pall 
 
 Glen House Stage Line 
 
 Glen House, White .Mountains 
 
 Goat Island. Niagara 
 
 Goat Island Bridge 
 
 Grand Island. Niairara 
 
 "Gulf of .Mexico," 
 
 Ha-HaBay. 
 
 Hermit's Pool, 
 
 Hoogac Tunnel Line, . 
 
 Horseshoe Palls and Rapids, 
 
 Inclined Plane Railway, Niagara 
 
 Indian Curiosity Seller, 
 
 Isles of Shot 9 
 
 Kiarsarge House 
 
 Kiarsarge Mountain, 
 
 Lachine Rapids, 
 
 Lake of the Thousand Islands 
 
 Lake Wl-nipesaukec, 103. 
 
 Lizzie Uourue Monument, 
 
 Luna Island, Niagara 
 
 Lundy's Lane Battle Field, 
 
 Luxury of Camp Life, 
 
 Medical and Surgical Scnltarlum, . . 
 
 Michigan Central Railroad 7 
 
 Michigan State Normal School, 15 
 
 Michigan State University, 14 
 
 IT 
 M 
 
 m 
 
 64 
 
 Tl 
 
 31 
 
 74 
 
 17 
 
 116 
 
 «0 
 
 114 
 
 100 
 
 10 
 
 15 
 
 43 
 
 i> 
 
 01 
 
 54 
 
 !W 
 
 5 
 
 29 
 
 m 
 
 122 
 
 67 
 
 18 
 
 H 
 
 36 
 
 101 
 33 
 
 100 
 97 
 67 
 60 
 
 112 
 93 
 
 113 
 29 
 
 ;jo 
 
 33 
 
 86 
 
 71 
 
 108 
 
 123 
 
 22 
 
 28 
 
 72 
 
 121 
 
 114 
 
 113 
 
 55 
 
 43 
 
 , 105 
 
 87 
 
 31 
 
 43 
 
 47 
 
 11 
 
 Montreal !ind (iiiclii'c. .'■)7 
 
 .Moiilreal ficun .Mniiiit Uoyal Park .W 
 
 Moiitri^nl from tile Hiver.". 58 
 
 .Mount Di'i-irt l»land 117 
 
 .Mount ()arilel<l. 94 
 
 Mount Lafayette 1,7. 100 
 
 Mniiiit Moosilaiike 103 
 
 Miiiiit Washiir-'ton Carriage Hoad 95 
 
 Miiiint Waslilnglon Railway 83 
 
 .Mount \Va>hiiiglon Suniiiiit House, 87 
 
 Mount Willard 100 
 
 Mounts Ailaiii^* and Madison 89 
 
 Navy l!"laiid. Niagara .33 
 
 Ni-w Su iiciisiiiu liridhe. 86 
 
 New York to the West 122 
 
 Niagara Kallr* 18 
 
 Niagara Pal' from the Ferry, 87 
 
 Niagara Palls. Ontario 84 
 
 Ogdensburg and Hrescott 81 
 
 Ogdensbiirg to Portland 73 
 
 Ogdensburg it Lake Champlain Railroad, 73 
 
 Old .Man of the Mountali 97. 09 
 
 Old Orchard Bearli 119 
 
 Peniigewasset House. B. C. & M. H. !{.... 104 
 Presidential Range. White Mountains,... 81 
 
 Profile House. Franconia Notch 06 
 
 Prospect Park, — 87 
 
 Quebec, 61- 68 
 
 Rafts in the St. Lawrence Rapids 55 
 
 Rates of Toll. etc.. Niagara 44 
 
 Retrocession of the Falls. Niagara, 37 
 
 Returning from the Seasliore, 121 
 
 Ride Around .Mount Royal.. .30 
 
 liouiid Island House, 48 
 
 Round Island Park 47 
 
 Saguenay River. 69 
 
 Scenes on the P. & O. Railroad 110 
 
 Sebago Lake 115 
 
 Sliver Cascade, 108 
 
 Simiair Ilruse, Bethleliem 82 
 
 Steamer Rothesay. .\me;ican Liii" 46 
 
 St. .Tolinshury & Lake Champlain Railroad, 78 
 
 St. Lawrence River, 45 
 
 Summer Travel 6 
 
 Sunrise on Mount Washington 91 
 
 Suspension Bridge, 39 
 
 Table Rock, Niagara, 23 
 
 Tadoiisac 70 
 
 Terrapin Bridge and Rock, 8:j 
 
 Terrapin Tower, 34 
 
 Thousand Islanil House 49 
 
 Thousand Island Park 48 
 
 Three Sister Islands. Niagara 34 
 
 Tip-Top House in Winter 93 
 
 " Tricks that are Vain." 22 
 
 Tuckerman's Ravine, .Mount Washington, 95 
 
 Under the Cataract, 32 
 
 Valley of the Saco River, Ill 
 
 Watching for Sunrise 02 
 
 'Weirs Station and Steamboat Landing.... 102 
 
 Westminster Park 40 
 
 Whirlpool Rapids. Niagara 41 
 
 White Mountain Notch 106 
 
 White Mountains 79 
 
 White Mountains, from Jefferson 90 
 
 Willey House 109 
 
 Wolfe's New Monument 65 
 
 Wolfe's Old Monument, 64 
 
 1 
 
^^ Only Ml Rail Route to the Thousand Islands. '^ 
 
 THE 
 
 lie^ Hiver taikoaili 
 
 rOPULARUY KNOWN AS THE 
 
 Elegant Line to the Islands, 
 
 Ft 
 .11 
 
 This Line runs via Utica, Trenton Falls, the Sunset Slope of the Adirondack 
 Mountains Wack River, Sug^r River, and Indian River to the Thousand Islands 
 of the River St. Lawrence, It is the only scenic route. 
 
 NEW FAST TRAINS, MAKE VERY FEW STOPS, 
 
 and carry elegant Through Cars from Utica to the River St. Lawrence. 
 
 THOUSAND ISLAND FAST LINE 
 
 Leaves Chicago ,00 a. "., arr.esatUt^a u^a^n. (ditjner). le.v.Utic=t ..^n, 
 
 p. m. 
 
 nection • 
 
 ster Park, arrives Alexandria Bay 5.10 p. m. 
 
 and Wes'min- 
 
 Uon with Steambo.it for Round Island, Thousand Island Park, 
 
 r Park, arrives Alexandria Bay 5.10 p. m. 
 
 W«K..er C..r« lr«... C I.i« ago t« IJtIva aud Utloa to Cl«, to... 
 
 EVENING FAST LINE 
 
 9.05 p m., Alexandria Bay 10.10 p. ni. 
 
 W«g..er €«r« from Chlrngo ioUUca. Wew 8prl..K<leia *•««**« 
 
 Journe} . Liion Depot at Vtli-a. ?«o Translcrs. 
 A First tiBsw Steel Kail Une. 
 
 The Illustrated Book of Routes and Rates for Summer Tours, lOO Pages with 
 
 ine luusiiait .lifierent tours via Thousand Islands and 
 
 r'-r''r;,S';?c efc Send'^o o t"ge stamps for a copy, before deciding 
 
 Rapids, Montieal, etc., etc. J'f'ii';"" ' . f,.; / „„ ^^le at all Ticket offices 
 
 o^^Mrg:nC^ntraTR:;taJ'a^KllaTeShor 
 
 Uyou are unable to get Through Tickets via this route, buy .0 Ufca only. 
 
 J. F. MA¥?«ARD, 
 
 General «nperlnten(ltiit. 
 
 THEO. BTJTTERFIELD, 
 
 een'l Pm. Agent, I TUA, X. Y. 
 
in 
 
 Islands. -•^ 
 
 The Best [QUI 
 
 ! t 
 
 aiikdii) 
 
 of the Adirondack 
 e Thousand Islands 
 
 EW STOPS, 
 
 St. Lawrence. 
 
 ), leavesUtica 12. lO 
 1. Immediate con- 
 'ark, and Wes'min- 
 
 ra to Clayton. 
 
 r), leaves Utica 4.50 
 an. (supper), Clayton 
 
 iiiKfleld Cmclics 
 iiiil Pleasant 
 I Transfers. 
 
 "ours, 100 pages with 
 housand Islands and 
 copy, before deciding 
 e at all Ticket offices 
 an Southern Railway, 
 to Utica only. 
 
 rERFIELD, 
 
 18. Agent, VTUA, X. Tf. 
 
 Wlllioiit cxiiKKcrHlliiL'. nnd kcipinu' closr wllliln llii' iiiirrow llnilti" of fact, it may bt- ai- 
 grrlcd witliout fcur of trutlifiil cdulriulictlnn. Unit the 
 
 CHICAGO & NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY 
 
 U not only the Ix'ct and mom poffedly ('(|iil|i|i(>d rMlnmd In the world. In 
 imiiorttint ai- to tlio Icrrlt^irv it (mvcrj'i'K, Ihr immcroiiH liimliicHii ci'ntiTx 
 that It rcjicht'i', iind the fiicllltl.'-' it oIIitm for i>li'ii>.iuil. H|H'cdy, B»rf mid 
 for all danHm of piigHi'n'.-tTM It cater!' alike lo the iieedn. tauten and 
 ionaire merchant prince; to the farmer, with hJH plain ami simple wa 
 nomlcal and necesHllonH; ami yive!* to each the full value of all he payn 
 flnislied and fnrnli"he<l palace Bleeiilm.' car«, and III* more than liixii 
 couches are marvelf of heaiity and comfiirl. lis coaclieM are new ami 
 mo<lelH that have been adopted hy any comiiany. and they an' ahvayn k 
 pure, ltn dlniiii; earn are ciiperh, and tin' meal« and service provldeil 
 fliat given by any llrst-cln«H hotel In the country. 
 
 lit It Ih 111 8o the moMt 
 and pluaxiiru reMortH 
 
 comfortable trannlt 
 abilltleN of themlll- 
 nt»; and to the uci>- 
 for. IlH liixiirlanlly 
 rloiiB drawlnt;-r<>oni 
 
 of the moHt perfect 
 ept nH eet, clean and 
 in them are eipial to 
 
 WHERE IS IT? 
 
 starting from (:;hlcnKo and having various 
 main lines running wi'sl, iionh-Hext. and 
 north. It covers about all that is desirable In 
 Northern Illiuois. Iowa. Wisconsin, the upper 
 Michigan pcninsiibi, Minnesota and t'ential 
 and Sontli-castern Dakota and North-eastern 
 Nebraska. 
 
 It is eminently the railroad of the north- 
 west; and from Its commanding location, it 
 controls the trattic of all of the territory it 
 traverses. 
 
 WHAT IS IT? 
 
 Over .'i.noo miles of the best hiiilt and 
 best maintained railroad there is In the 
 country. It is eiiual In every respect to 
 any road In the world, and is helieved to 
 be better than any of its competitors. Its 
 liiieB are built of h<'avy steel rail; Us bridges 
 arc of steel, iniii. and stone, and all its ap- 
 pointments are as good as money can Iniy. 
 
 COLORADO & CALIFORNIA. 
 
 This Company's line l)et\veen Chicago and Council llluffs (Omaha) In slinrter than any 
 other oetween these points, and was the i)i()ncer in forming cmiiieelion with tlie Trans-Con- 
 tinental Union and Central I'aclHc Railroads. Nearly all experienced overliind travelers 
 seek this I'ne because it is known to be the best, shorteet. most comfortable, and in every 
 way the most "desirable. To seek other more circuitous and inferior routes is accepted as an 
 evidence of inexperience or want of Information. ,,,..„. , _, , , , , 
 
 If Toii are destined to or from Colorado. Nebriika, Itah, Wyoming, Montana. Idaho. 
 Nevada. California. Oregon. Washington Territory, China. Japan, the Siandwich Islands Ni;w 
 Zealand or Australia, you should, in making the trip between Chicago and Council Bluffs 
 (Omaha), in either direction, see that your tickets read over this great road. 
 
 ST. PAUL, MINNEAPOLIS & WINNIPEG. 
 
 This road ''St Paul Line," is the short and desirable route between Chicago and M.idlson, 
 St Paul and '.Minneapolis, and the best to travel over if you are destined to or from Chicago 
 and any point north or north-west of St. Paul. Winona and Mankato. Minn ; trankfort, 
 Huron Pierre Aberdeen, Columbia and Watertown, Dakota; Milwaukee, Fond du Lac.Osh- 
 kosh. Watertown and Sheboygan, Wis.; Freeport. Elgin, Dixon ami Fulton, III.; Clinton. 
 Cedar Rapids Des Moines. W'ebstcr City, Algona, Tama and Council Hlufls, Iowa, are a few 
 of Its hundreds of prominent local statii'ns. It reaches most of the pleasant summer resorts 
 of Wise(m8in and Minnesota, and is the road to take for the liealth ami scenic resorts of the 
 Rocky Mountains, the National Yellowstone Park, and nearly all of the notable western and 
 north-west resorts that are accessible by rail. , „ 
 
 It connects in Union Depots with the Union Pacific Railway at Conncil Bluffs, and at St. 
 Paul witli all roads divergini: from thiit point. ,• 1 , ,.„ ► i„ 
 
 You ciiu prc'iire ticket:- over this route from nearly every coupon ticket agent in 
 the couutrv When I'uvinu' voiir tickets, read them carefully, and be sine that at least one 
 coupon vc'aiU over theCnicAoo & Noiith-Westeus Uy .\sk your nearest coupon ticket 
 agent for one of its large maps; they are FUEK, and will show you all of this Company 8 
 lines as they are. 
 
 1 
 
 iSB >i , T :a # i* w^ fg««s«gffiaBas.'« 
 
*^ 
 
 FOR COMFORT, SAFETY AND SCENERY, 
 
 ^J 
 
 ciioosK, i:; iravki.im; kasi- ok wksi, 
 
 IIIK 
 
 w 
 
 iJij' 
 
 m 
 
 m' 
 
 I 
 
 Which formH. m connection with th. (iltAND TIIUNK KAIKWAY, It.- 
 
 Old and Favorite New England Route 
 
 TO AND FIU)M ALL POINTS WKST. 
 
 lilt Railroad is secoml to 
 
 The KoUinc Slock ami Kquipment of the Ccnlial Vermont Railrc 
 '' no Road in this country. It is the only hne n.nn.n 
 
 Between Chicago and Boston without Change, 
 AND SOLID TRMNS OF ELEGANT COACHES AND HACGAC.E CARS 
 
 Withont Change between Montreal and Boston. 
 
 Steel Rails Iron Hridges, with Westinghouse Air Urake. Miller Platform, 
 Cottple and Huffer on «very train, assure safety while pass ng sw.ftly through 
 Muntaiti Lake and River Scenery of the most beautiful and var.ed .lescr.pt.on 
 
 The Train s'ervice of this Road 'is so arranged that sure connections are made 
 wi.h the GrLnd Trunk Railway, and with Railroads in New England to and from 
 all the principal cities, villages and towns in 
 
 MessacMs, BUoilii Islaim, Cowoiicrpt aail Vewit. 
 
 Pullman Cars Montreal to Springlleld, and Wagner Cairs 
 Montreal to New York, Without Change. 
 
 First-Class Restaurants, with reasonable charges, and nmple time given for meals. 
 
 BAGGAGE CHECKED THROUGH CANADA IN BOND, 
 
 Avoiding all trouble of customs. ^ 
 
 Diirlnic the »«uinnier, Excurtlon TUkcIs are Sold over tlilH 
 
 Ask for rates via this Line before buying, and note that your tickets read via 
 
 CENTRAL VERMONT RAILROAD. 
 
 For sale at all Stations and responsible Ticket Office. East and West. 
 
 COMPANY'S OFFICES. — 260 Washington Street, Boston; 271 Broadway, 
 New York ; 136 James Street, Mo ntreal. ^^^ 
 
 JTw.HOBARTr Genera! Supt. 8. W. CUMMINCS, Gen. Pass'r Agent. 
 
 General Offices— St. Albans, Vt. 
 
 I 
 
 m 
 
 m 
 
 iH 
 
 r 
 
 J 
 
 u 
 
 .sii 
 
 to 
 Li 
 .\ 
 lai 
 at 
 dii 
 en 
 »t; 
 III 
 
iNERY, 
 
 iPi"i 
 
 WAY, the 
 
 I 
 
 id Route 
 
 T. 
 
 ilroad is seconi\ to 
 iiiiig 
 
 &nge, 
 UACIGAGE CARS 
 
 Boston. 
 
 e, Miller Platform, 
 ng swiftly through 
 varied description, 
 imieclioiis are made 
 iigland to and from 
 
 ^r 
 
 I. 
 
 Wagner Cairs 
 lange- 
 
 :ime given for meals. 
 
 IN BOND, 
 
 noia over lliid 
 
 PH. 
 
 ,)iir tickets read via 
 
 .ROAD. 
 
 nd West. 
 
 iton ; 271 Broadway, 
 
 NCS, Gen, Pass'r Agent. 
 
 SUMMER TOURS 
 
 
 ■ 4 
 
 'r > • .^ 
 
 
 f I'I'i '. .1 !».■ 1' • i '. ' I' .' l^• I »' I ' ._ 
 
 ^'•■<i 11^- 
 
 'I'lii' iitlriitioii (if Si I II u HIT 'riiiii'i^t>, coiili'iiiphiliiiir 11 ti'i|> I'nr licalth and rri'i'i'iilioii, 
 ix invlli'il to till- iitti'iii'liiiiis III a Tniir I'/ii tlicdirat l.akr> on mii' iil' llu' rnllnwlii^ 
 I'ai.mm: SiKAMi.ii- : 
 
 India. Cliiiia, .Itipaii. Wiiislow, N.vack, Arcllc, 
 Kiniurc Stale, iSadu;*-!' Slalc, anil St. liouis, 
 
 Lciiviiiir Dtlioit, rii'vclaml, Kiii', iiiiil liiillali), lor Diiliilli. iit IIk! Iirail of l.aki' 
 iSiiiiciior. anil lii'trtcL'ti till' polls ahnvo naiiifd. To tliosi' wlio liiivi' not tin' Icisiiri' 
 to inivcl tile cnlinr iliain uf liiUis. wc olTri- a St'l'it'S of Sll(»r< Kxciirsioiis, im 
 Lakes Krif, Union, or Siiiirrior. Slijincrs leave Diholt, from foot ol' Woodwiinl 
 Avenue, lis follows: Kor S.inlt Sle. Marie, Maninelte, llaiieock, llonirliton, .\sii- 
 lanil, Itii.vlielil. unci Dulnlli, Moinlavs, 'I'liesilavs, 'rimisiluy.', Kiiilay.-. ami Salnrdajs, 
 at 11 o'eloiU, I'. M. Kor Cleveland. Krie, and HnlTulo Snndavs, .Moii'days, \Veilnen- 
 days, and Salunlays. at .5 o'eloek, r. m. A tinide Hook, ilesi riptive of the routes, 
 entitled "Suninnr Tours vhi tlie (lieat Lakes,'' will he sent free on receipt of 
 stani[), liy addressini;- .1. T. \VI li'l'INf i, (liMieral Axent L. .S. T. fo., Detioil, Mieh., 
 or the uiider>-iKned 
 
 T. r. C.VIU'EMKI!, <i('ii. I'iiN"^. Affl. Lake Siiptiioi Traiisil Co., 
 
 Hi I TM.o. N. Y. 
 
r 
 
 SMITH'S DIAGRAM 
 
 t 
 
 u 
 
 $The Relation of Any Motion to Every Other Motion,* 
 
 AMI 
 
 W^' It is to tliB Study of Pa-liamentar, P.aclice wliat a Map is to the Study ol Geogiaphy. 
 
 . .©- « 
 
 ■ r»..i tl«' :^«w York !...<. |M ••<• ^"'•'•«" "' '**"'• .. 
 
 ..s„ r".i^ f .^"-.. nK.> K.W- -> -i""^il?::^:.;"::n.P>" -• 
 
 fic„,i.m:.f .he c...tfu.c. .uMtc. "f. 1"- -;;- 7, ^^;^.,ie%,. hue./ in .l.o 
 ranncmenl, .no.i.ms of all knuls, . ll le u 1 ^ . ^^_,^. ^^ i,„„cMca 
 
 f^'cnnlcnng l,ncs. 'H- -l-U-- ™ --^ j^^^ ai,ocU.m^.. .he 
 
 itself, clears up .he sul.jccl a^ «cll. '^'^ > \ . ^,„^,, ,,,. ,„u „,o.e..f ihe e>>ence 
 
 .,U.cr manual ,.„ .^....vr. N,u ..I "• .1.. Ilo"- »' 
 
 , ,ave caref.,lly e.an.ine.l ^^^';;^^^^::^:^, i^';:: il^li^t iuher .he 
 gar.l .he «-...k a. a very vaU.al.le ..ne, •^" •''"•\' ^^/^^ .,,,, ,,ilc. con.roU.nn a 
 
 ^^ly c;i::n.. i. as a ,....« - .-^--:- ,,.. „„.,.„ 
 
 F.-« »»- ' : •"•y""';'' ;: , r ,u U.o>,. .he en>Uana.sin« 
 
 Can he u.ili/e.l h - a ,.res,.lM.g nlhce a. a ula.Kc, 
 .Way neeessary ... e..n>ull onlinary au.ho.U.es. „,.„ros,...i«- 
 
 r..... ........ .. »-/.v;.:t.:::^h':.:i «:•.": 
 
 After a eavefwl exan.ina.iou of yo.n- " '''^l^'^" ';;,£:;;::;;:::;';;^J: aH^i-.lin,, a. 
 
 ^^r;:oi:r::.fa;Lr^s;:;::ei;ir;,i)^n;^; .^-e. .. e. 
 
 ■fail ... n.ee. wi.h jnibhc favor. «..,.,..-i..l«'..«l«-..« »»' <'"' 
 
 • pvacicai use i. . vvor.h all .he >"-- j;---;;;!;::;:;::; " J^n.l:^:i:^ 
 
 .levice you have hrouKht the whole l-'H'' '^ ' « "'^; .^X^ a. a t;lance, 
 
 ..rief s/aee an.l simple ^^^^ ^^^^'^^Zf t:^ ^^s ... ins.ruc.i.;n.- .his .s 
 
 Price. 17 mail, postpaid : clotrbi;dTng. 50 cents, in mcroccc. $1.00. 
 
 'Address REVIEW & HERALD PUB. CO., Battle Creek, M.ch 
 
BI 
 
 er Motion, ^■"*- 
 
 miiidin, I'riirtin ; 
 nin rlii-ii.! fi'r 
 
 IDlllll'.i. 
 
 lie Sluil^ i)i Geogfaphy. 
 
 h », IN**!*. 
 
 liy a vii-y -.iiiiplf ar 
 lice, nil' pliiicd ill iln' 
 ,il)lo iiiU- is iiiilicalcl 
 , wliuli. ill c'<i)U>iiiiiiU 
 .11(1 airoctioii^ for iIk" 
 U more ol llie cnnchcc 
 Uiaii wc liiiil in a'>y 
 
 a> ||«illM<' «>l' 
 
 . in s;^yin^: that I re- 
 
 indiialc to oither the 
 
 i;il lilies controUint; a 
 
 Illy iloiH', anil 1 I Ik'ci- 
 
 r ol' :Vli«-liiKH"* 
 
 ilhoiit the eml'ana^^ini; 
 
 <• ol" Htin'*'-*'"^"- 
 
 m.Mitary UuU-," ' I'"'' 
 ■iilaiy Uiw, allonhni;, al 
 ,y (.lattice. It cannot 
 
 ■ I«>ll4l0lll of tllO 
 i. 
 
 ihcwoild. r.yahai.py 
 iamenlaiy laws into such 
 
 ■ (lelevmiiicil at a ^laiicc, 
 Is to instnicliou," this is 
 ig fell want." 
 
 in morocco, $1.00. 
 
 I., Battle Creek, Mich 
 
 NICHOLS, SHEPARD(& CO. 
 
 BATTLE CREEK, MICHIOAN. 
 
 (Works lit liitLiHii ti.iii ,,| Miclil^iiii 1 triti i\ iiinl iJiiiml rniiiK lliiihiii.tK, | 
 
 " V I B I?. A. T O I^" 
 
 Threshing Machinery, 
 
 TRACTiON AND PORTABLE ENGINES. 
 
 a?i3:E sxA.3s^3DAI^D o:f ExcEXiLnisrcE!. 
 
 Mnrvt'louM Uiimhllilji Wontlt-rliil Powt^ri 
 £l«'Kfin( WorkinniiMip; 
 
 n<>au(il'iii FiniNlii Niiporilor Mnt<'riiil. 
 
 Send for circulars and price lists. (Sent free.) 
 
 . I 
 
ffp" 
 
 
 TRANSATLANTIC STEAMSHIP AGENCY. 
 
 ,,.U A.,.ncy r..prc..nt- .he l.aain, an,, mo;. ..utronu-d S.eam.hip Lines 
 
 ANO KUHOPi:. 
 
 A M i: H I (^ A 
 
 FlrHt and 
 
 Second Ciibin 
 
 Round-Trip Tickets 
 
 TICKETS 
 
 Bold iihviiv!* ii< \'<\y 119 
 at Ileiid(iiiiirterf, iiiul 
 lierthi^ i)ronil)tly se- 
 
 cured (by Icleitmpli. 
 
 AtCrcntly -^^^S^BJ^S^SHH^SS^^SlSSflBIS^^^ wlieii ne('e!<i<nry.) 
 
 "•'*'"■'"' """■'■ "^^^^-^ ';':„. for friend- in Kn?land, Scotland. Ireland. <ier- 
 I'renaid Tieki't* for thi>se wishing «"\ >*' ' "^L „ ,Vv low rates. 
 
 MEDICAL tND SURGICtL 
 
 SANITARIUM 
 
 Battle Creek, Mich. 
 
 The Laisest an.l Most Complete Health 
 
 Institution in the West. 
 l-nriMiled faeilities (or the tre .tinent -f <■l>';"l'j^• 
 l. .1 sin-'ieal eases Butlis. Klertrieit.\ , Ma->a)re, 
 :;;;-:! an tl.^ most a,.l.ro^cd f..rn,so,- treatn.c.t. 
 S„„l for rlrclT. Addr..s- ^'*^,|J,tJVri4't, Miol,. 
 
 0-=S 
 
 G E N U I N E >-^ 
 
 
 Bomim, Napl«s, Padua, ana Veronese, 
 
 Muiiml InMfKmmU and Mvri-tmwUM: 
 
 — Maniifactiireri" of the— 
 
 "PETEBS" HAND-MADE CLARINET BEEDS, 
 
 The most Durahle. producin-.' the Finest Tone ; 
 
 Also, the "PETEBS" PATENT VIOLIN PAD, 
 
 For Supporting the Violin. 
 
 ..zi^^^^^^^^^^^^f^, "■■" 
 
 Box am, Battle creek. Mich. 
 
AGENCY. 
 
 eam!<hi|> Lines 
 
 ' W . 
 
 TICKETS 
 
 sold iihviiysii- \'<\y us 
 at IK'iiil(iiinrtiTs, iiiul 
 j^lii-rtliH promi>tly ">'• 
 ' ciircil (by Icli'^mpli. 
 Wi wlieii ni'cesi^nry.) 
 il, Scotland. Iruland. 'Jor- 
 
 nn iipplicatiou tn 
 attle Creek, Mich. 
 
 in 
 
 iND SURGICAL 
 
 fARIUM 
 
 Ireek, Mich. 
 
 Most C<>ini>l«te Health 
 )n ill the West, 
 hiftlie treitnieiit of fhronic 
 Biitlis, Klertriiiity, Massage, 
 ,pro\cil f.miisMf treatment. 
 
 tddri's" SAXlTAlill-M, 
 
 liattle rri-ek, Mich. 
 
 
 nese, 
 
 inniLiTV. and Piuity "f 
 lie by tliii' Iuiukc only. 
 
 Mcrefifiud/fk', 
 
 :ent violin pad, 
 
 irting tlie Violin. 
 
 OIF VIOXjUSTISTS 
 
 V St rinses are made. moiUs of 
 ;k : .\ddriss 
 
 BS & CO., 
 
 Battle Creek, Mich. 
 
 3 
 
 i 
 
 1. 
 
 a 
 
 4. 
 
 ;i 
 
 ft ill ijiftssiftiniftft w 
 
 BATTIiE CREEK, MICH., Sole .Mannfactarers of the 
 
 AUTOMATIC" SCHOOL DESKS. 
 
 lU 
 
 3 
 
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 2 
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 CO 
 
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 A ]V«'w l*riiici|»l«, (liiivefNiilly Ai»|>i*<tv<;«l! 
 
 Wiiii|>l4'. Strolls. Convenient. Ilenntiliil ! 
 
 The .^loMt I*o|>iiliip Seliool Neat in I'm4-! 
 
 7V,/x S,„/ /s ,! DECIDED ADl'AA'CE upon ,<ll tin- Old Styles. Do not 
 use t/if Old 'i'licn the New is better! 
 The alteiuion of school officers is invited to the above Seals. 'I'lie "AUTO- 
 MATIC " is now ill use in most of the ])iomineiit schools in the West, and very 
 generally throui^hout the United States. Its superior merits have lieen fully dem- 
 onstrated No other sent can compare with it in the essential features of Honltll- 
 
 fulness, Coiiifort, and IMirnhility. 
 
 Send for our fully illustrated descriptive catalogue, which will give you a cor- 
 rect idea of the Seat, and will ^how you what leading educators think of it. This 
 catalogue also contains information respecting all kinds of School Supplies, 
 together with elaborate 
 
 Phm,^ \^ Sjieeifi cation,) of ScficolBtn'Idiufji), 
 
 Which are of great value. It will be sent you grati.s, on application. 
 
 HEATERS. — We are now able to olVer you the best School Room Heater 
 in the market. Better and more economical than either stoves or furnaces. See 
 catalogue. 
 
 Teachers', Principals' and Office Desks in Large Variety. 
 
 If you want anything for the sciiool room — Maps, lilolies, Slate lilackboards, 
 Slating, Crayons, Erasers, Hells, Reading Char's, Physiological Charts, Window 
 Shades, Dictionaries, etc., — write to 
 
 UNION SCHOOL FURNITURE CO., 
 
 CHICASO OFFICE : ISO Wibash Atsbuo. Battle Creek, Micbiffan. 
 
 I 
 
 i^ 
 
i SjwrUmen ^ Toiiri'M^ detention ^!l^ 
 
 O S C3- O O ID ' S 
 
 Wui 
 
 Th. 
 
 slit, wi 
 
 I'atoiitutl 1-cb. 20. 18TS. 
 
 above represents our 12-tbot Boat, exU-n.Ui.l, re.i.ly for use. 
 
 itl, P...Un ■ f..r Tr .ut FisIuM^', KxMoiini:. Du.k Hunting, et,^, 26 l...u.|.ls. VVeight,«ith 
 li.tt..m-B *r,l. (MIX, C,., ..vent , in;; cnplete, 60 lM..ni.!s. 
 
 Viuw of the Boat in its coiii- 
 iiiict form. ►■•iDwiii!; Boat foldeii, 
 H^ittiini-Board.Ciimpsto.ils.liiui- 
 wule. S'tieti'lier, ami I'arltmt.'- 
 ( hest. All but Oart and I'addlo 
 ^,'1 1 in Chest. 
 
 SIZE OF CHESTS. 
 
 For l.'.-t'iot Bi«t, 40 inches lon){, 
 •M inches wide, 20 inches deep. 
 
 For l-ifoot Boat. ;IS inches lone, 
 17 imlies wide, 17 niches deeii. 
 
 FIVE SIZES ARE MANUFACTURED. 
 
 No. 1, ir. fc-ct lou". ;Ui inchos wide, weight, 75 lbs. Price, .^oO. 
 
 '» 3 12 " " 27 " " " 40 " •' 40. 
 
 it 
 
 40 
 
 <( 
 
 it 
 
 •M) 
 
 (( 
 
 (t 
 
 30 
 
 a 
 
 „..hM.e makes up fonr different WK,on.. or HTV..KS. You have the same as KOU. boath com- 
 
 ■"^■^li,:rtt%ut in sa.k made of d,.J^^, ..n^Mijt.;. lar^^^^ 
 
 packed in chest for shipf.ms,'. Ihe sack ^.,» ''"";/;"; ^r,;,!,„.„ „r on a load of camping tf'x-l"- ^ 
 !,r carrias^e. The chest is u^ed '■'''^■'^'/•"•^.'•^^^''VtoVxan nation before pavinK the balance to 
 .,,e^;r;'Sr^;Uts;;;i:S^;;'t;trb::r^^nrr;;turned byfrei.bt. and wew.1. return 
 
 ''^'''ii^rt^s=i;,fmi;;^/ti;^'i^:trs^,^^^ 
 
 Mftinifaitiiie.1 by N. A. OSdOOJ), Battle Creek, MIcb. 
 
 O 
 
 \^Z^ 
 
Hm 
 
 Jin! 
 
 atly for use. 
 
 ii.U'iiis. WoiKht,with 
 
 lis. 
 
 the Boat in its cmii- 
 'hiiwing Biiat folileil, 
 ard.Cttinpstoiils.liun- 
 iU'lior, mill rarkiiik'- 
 1 but Oart and I'addlo 
 t. 
 
 E OF CHESTS. 
 
 t Bimt, 41) inclics Ion);, 
 s wide, 20 inches deep. 
 
 t Boat, ;IS inches line, 
 !S wide, 17 niches deeii. 
 
 RED. 
 
 Price, $iiO. 
 
 <i 40. 
 
 «' 4(». 
 
 35. 
 
 35. 
 
 saniB as kour boath com- 
 
 inain bag, ui.u ihen al 
 tincarrvinjj itin wajfoii 
 d of camping ^'"'ds. 
 •e pa\iiii,' the biilaiicc to 
 ^'lit, and we will return 
 
 It, and we will ship by 
 if-?? If .Miu want a I'ott- 
 ilnr. 
 
 ?k, Mich. 
 
 ((1 «-.♦-. -•-.- 
 
 .-»♦-•-♦-♦- 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 FROM THE ST. LAWRENCE TO THE SEAE 
 
 t (Oardunniburir t€> l»ortlaiicl) j 
 
 - VI.Au - 
 
 Ogdensburg & Lake Champlain, 
 
 St. Johnsbury & Lake Champlain, 
 i Portland & Ogdensburg R. R's, 
 
 — REACHING TIIK — 
 
 S4 
 
 ^^ ADIRONDACK WILDERNESS, ^^4 
 
 'm 
 
 
 Chateaucay Chasm, 
 
 WHITE MOUNTAINS, PORTLAND, OLD ORCHARD, 
 
 MOUNT DESERT, AND ALL SEA-SIDE 
 
 RESORTS OF THE EAST. 
 
 All Tmlns Furnished with the Latest Improve- 
 
 mentft for the Safety and Comfort of Pamsenijers. 
 
 Special Attention given to Tourist Travel. 
 
 Mets on 55ale at all Principal Ticket Dices thronglioiit the Conutry. 
 
 ^a?~ Be sure your tickets read vin this I'Ol'ULAR ami OLD ESTAKLISHED 
 ROUTE, l-'or further information apply to 
 
 F. L. POMEKOY, C. H. STEVENS, C. H. FOYE, 
 
 i Gen. I'KS. AKt.U.4L.('.H.li., Cien. Pas. A^t. «..).& L.C.K.K., Gen.Pas. AKt.P.i O.IMt.. 
 
 I OKdriixhuric, N. V. 
 
 St. JuliiiKliury, Vt. 
 
 I'Mrtinnd. .Me. 
 
IDnQBBBD|r 
 
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 ITS rilltBS BXTEJWlii 
 
 if I Chicago to Buffalo and Niagara Falls, «it Detroit, 
 Mackinaw City to Toledo, vit Detroit, 
 Bay City and Saginaw to Jackson, 
 Grand Rapids to Detroit, vi* Jukson, 
 Jackson to Nlles, Mr une. 
 
 "30 "^sKr B 
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 ■goo<»ooi 
 
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 BB 
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 M ichigan 
 
 AND OTHER SMALLER LINES 
 - .^.^^A 
 
 II " 
 
 THMOUeH PALAC£ CARS 
 
 -i-«- rO 4i»/> FROM MICH/GAM MD -•-*- 
 
 I«;rew York, Boston, Buffalo, 
 Chicago, Detroit, and Toledo. 
 
 NEW DINING CARS 
 
 Bttwtw ChlMgo, B«flUo, u& WHIM* IWli, on Ptinolptf Tntoif. 
 
 EXCURSION TICKETS DURING THE SUMMER MONTHS 
 
 7U HUgM rtllt, St. Lavmo* tlw, Th««iul XiUbAi. *«•. 
 To all tike I»L.EASTJ»B! »ESO»TS of tHo EAST. 
 
 H t LEDYABD, P. I. WHITOTY, 0. W. ETJWLES, 
 
 EM|M!^« ^"iTlTaL^r. A.,.aenir...*TU..A„, Oeni Pa.. * TUk. A,fl 
 
 li^MBBaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaBaaaaaaE 
 LRAg'05 
 
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 SDBBBnnEIISBI 
 
 iaBiaaHGitiiiaiaae 
 
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 >i 
 
 alls, via Detroit, 
 Detroit, 
 
 B Jackson, 
 
 trOit, via JacliNn, 
 )S, Air Line. 
 
 [NES. 
 I ""^ 
 
 E CARS 
 
 Bxiffalo, 
 Toledo. 
 
 "cars 
 
 Mttoipif Tnlati. 
 
 IVMMEB MONTHS 
 
 lliluli, tc., 
 
 S of tlie XSAS'X'. 
 
 ). W. STJOOLES, 
 
 Cm I P<u. A Ttck. Agi 
 
 laaaiaaBaBiaEiaBE 
 
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