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HISTORICAL RECORDS

THE BRITISH ARMY.

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GENERAL ORDERS.

HORSE-GUARDS,
\3t January, 1830.

His Majesty has been pleased to command,
that, with a view of doing the fullest justice to Regi-
ments, as well as to Individuals who have distin-
guished themselves by their Bravery in Action with
the Enemy, an Account of tlie Services of every
Regiment in the British Army shall be published
under the superintendence and direction of the
Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall con-
tain the following particulars, viz.,

The Period and Circumstances of the Ori-
ginal Formation of the Regiment; The Stations at
which it has been from time to time employed ; The
Battles, Sieges, and other IMilitary Operations, in
which it has been engaged, particularly specifying
any Achievement it may have performv j, and the
Colours, Trophies, &c., it may have captured from
the Enemy.

The Names of the Officers and the number

of Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates, Killed
or Wounded by the Enemy, specifying the Place and
Date of the Action.

GENERAL ORDERS.

The Names of those Officers, who, in con-
sideration of their Gallant Services and Meritorious
Conduct in Engagements with the Enemy, have been
distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other Marks of
His Majesty's gracious favour.

The Names of all such Officers, Non-Com-

missioned Officers and Privates as may have specially
signalized themselves in Action.

And,

The Badges and Devices which the Regiment

may have been permitted to bear, and the Causes
on account of which such Badges or Devices, or any
other Marks of Distinction, have been granted.

By Command of the Right Honourable

GENERAL LORD HILL,

Commanding-in-Chief.

John Macdonald,
A djutant- General.

PREFACE.

The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly
depend upon the zeal and ardour, by which all who enter
into its service are animated, and consequently it is of the
highest importance that any measure calculated to excite the
spirit of emulation, by which alone great and gallant actions
are achieved, should be adopted.

Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of
this desirable object, than a full display of the noble deeds
with which the Military History of our country abounds.
To hold forth these bright examples to the imitation of the
youthful soldier, and thus to incite him to emulate the
meritorious conduct of those who have preceded him in their
honourable career, are among the motives that have given
rise to the present publication.

The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, an-
nounced in the " London Gazette," from whence they are
transferred into the public prints : the achievements of our
armies are thus made known at the time of their occurrence,
and receive the tribute of praise and admiration to which
they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions, the Houses
of Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on the
Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting under

PREFACE.

their orders, rxprcshions of approbation nnd of tluiiikM for
their skill ntul bravery, and these tcntirnoniulfi, contirmed by
the high honour uf their Sovereign's Approbation, constitute
the reward which the Nuldicr most highly prizes.

It has not, however, until late years, been the practice
(which appears to have long prevailed in some of the Con-
tinental armies) for British Regiments to keep regular
records of their services and achievements. Hence some
difficulty has been experienced in obtaining, particularly
from the old Regiments, an authentic account of their origin
and subsequent services.

This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His
Majesty having been pleased to command, that every Regi-
ment shall in future keep a full and ample record of its
services at home and abroad.

From the materials thus collected, the country will
henceforth derive information as to the difficulties and
privations which chequer the career of those who embrace
the military profession. In Great Britain, where so large a
number of persons are devoted to the active concerns of
agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and where these
pursuits have, for so long a period, been undisturbed by the
presence of loar, which few other countries have escaped,
comparatively little is known of the vicissitudes of active
service, and of the casualties of climate, to which, even
during peace, the British Troops are exposed in every part
of the globe, with little or no interval of repose.

In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the

PREFACE.

VII

rountry derives from the industry nnd the enterprise of tlic
ngriculturist nnd the trader, its happy inlinhitnnts may lie
supposed not often to re fleet on the perilous duties of the
suldier nnd the saiK)r, — on their suft'erings, — nnd on the
sacrifice of vuluuble hfe, by which so nmny national benefits
arc obtained nnd preserved.

The conduct of the Rritisli Troops, their vnlour, and
endurance, have shone conspicuously under great and trying
difficulties ; and their character has been established in Con-
tinental warfare by the irresistible spirit with which they
have eiTccted debarkations in spite of the most formidable
opposition, and by the gallantry and steadiness with which
they have maintained their advantages against superior
numbers.

In the official Reports nmde by the respective Com-
manders, ample justice has generally been done to the gallant
exertions of the Corps employed; but the details of their
services, and of acts of individual bravery, can only be fully
given in the Annals of the various Regiments.

These Records are now preparing for publication, under
His Majesty's special authority, by Mr. Richard Cannon,
Principal Clerk of the Adjutant-General's Office j nnd while
the perusal of them cannot fail to be useful and interesting
to military men of every rank, it is considered that they will
also afford entertainment and information to the general
reader, particularly to those who may have served in the
Army, or who have relatives in the Service.

There exists in the breasts of most of those who have

Vlll

PREFACE.

served, or are serving, in the Army, an Esprit de Corps —
an attachment to every thing belonging to their Regiment ;
to such persons a narrative of the services of their own Corps
cannot fail to prove interesting. Authentic accounts of the
actions of the great, — the valiant, — the loyal, have always
been of paramount interest with a brave and civilized people.
Great Britain has produced a race of heroes who, in mo-
ments of danger and terror, have stood, " firm as the rocks
of their native shore ;" and when half the World has been
arrayed against them, they have fought the battles of their
Country with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a
record of achievements in war, — victories so complete and
surprising, gained by our countrymen, — our brothers, — our
fellow-citizens in arms, — a record which revives the memory
of the brave, and brings their gallant deeds before us, will
certainly prove acceptable to the public.

Biographical memoirs of the Colonels and other distin-
guished Officers, will be introduced in the Records of their
respective Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which
have, from time to time, been conferred upon each Regi-
ment, as testifying the value and importance of its services,
will be faithfully set forth.

As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each
Regiment will be printed in a distinct number, so that when
the whole shall be completed, the Parts may be bound up
in numerical succession. ' •

HISTORICAL RECORD

OF THE

EIGHTY-SIXTH,

THE ROYAL COUNTY DOWN REGIMENT OF

FOOT :

CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF

THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT
IN 1793,

AND OF

ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES

18 4 2.

LONDON:
JOHN W. PARKER, WEST STRAND.

M.IICCC.XLII.

London :

Harrison and Co., Printers,

St. Martin's Lank.

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH,

THE ROYAL COUNTY DOWN REGIMENT OF

FOOT,

BEAKS ON ITS COLOURS AND APPOINTMENTS THE

"HARP AND CROWN"

WITH THE MOTTO

" QUIS SEP AR ABIT?"

ALSO THE
•' SPHINX," WITH THE WORDS " EGYPT, "

" INDIA," « BOURBON;"

AND ON THE BUTTONS THE

" IRISH HARP AND CROWN."

CONTENTS.

Year

1793 The Regiment raised, and styled Cuijler's

Shropshire Volunteers ....

1794 Names of the Officers ....

Embarks for Ireland .....

Styled the Eighty -Sixth Regiment, or the

Shropshire Volunteers ....

Returns to England

1 795 Serves on board the fleet as Marines

1796 Embarks for the Cape of Good Hope

1799 Proceeds to India

1801 Six Companies proceed to Egypt

Passage of the Desert .....

Capture of Cairo and Alexandria

1 802 Four Companies in India, — Capture of Kareah

and Tarrapore .....

Six Companies return from Egypt to India

Capture of Barodara .....

1803 Kirrella, — skirmish near Copperbund

Keira ......

Baroach .....

Powanghur .....

— — Skirmish near Lunawarrah ...

Capture of Dhowd

1804 Advances to Indore .....

Disastrous Retreat to Ongein ....

Capture of Inglehur

Page

9
10
11

12
13

20
21
22
23
24
25
28
29
30
31

CONTENTS.

Year Page

1805 Proceeds to Bhurtpore 32

—^ Storms one of the out-worka ... 33

Attacks a large bastion 34

Siege raised, — proceeds to Muttra ... 35

Pursues the forces of Holkar .... —

1 806 Returns to Bombay 36

Stationed at Goa —

Obtains the title of the Eighty-Sixth, or Leinster

Regiment of Foot 37

1809 Declaration of the Portuguese Viceroy, at Goa . —

1810 Expedition against the Island of Bourbon . 38

Services of a detachment on board the Africaine

frigate ....... 44

1811 Removed to the Isle of France ... 45

1812 Returns to India —

Styled the Eighty- Sixth, or the Royal County

Down Regiment 46

1814 A second battalion added to the regiment 47

Ditto disbanded . . • . —

1816)

? Serves against the Pindarees .... 48

1817 Insurrection at Hyderabad .... —

1818 Serves against the Pindarees .... 49

Marches for Madras, in order to embark for

England ...... —

Flank Companies proceed to the Island of

Ceylon ....... 50

Services against the Kandians ... —

1819 Returns to Madras ...... 55

General Orders on leaving India ... 56

Arrives in England . . . . . . 57

1821 Embarks for Ireland —

1827 Service Companies embark for the West Indies . 59

1837 return to England . . 62

1842 The Conclusion 63

CONTENT8.

VII

SUCCESSION OF COLONELS.

Year

1793 Cornelius Cuyler

1 794 Russell Manners

1795 William Grinfield

1804 Sir James Henry Craig^, K.B.

1806 Sir Charles Ross, Baronet

1810 The Honorable Francis Needham

1832 William George Lord Harris .

1835 The Honorable Sir Frederick Cavendish

Ponsonby, K.C.B., G.C.M.G., K.C.H.

1836 James Watson

1837 Sir Arthur Brooke, K.C.B.

Page
64

69
71

Ill

EIOHTY SIXJ'H (THE ROYAL COONTY DOWN) REOIMBNT OF FOOT.

r \

HISTORICAL RECORD

or THR

KIGHTY-SIXTH,

THE ROYAL COUNTY DOWN REGIMENT

F T.

Thk last twelve years of the eighteenth century 1793
form a period, remarkable in the annals of Europe,
for the efforts made to overthrow the governments of
Christendom, and to establish the destructive domi-
nation of atheism and democracy, upon the ruins of
institutions which had elevated the inhabitants of thiti
quarter of the globe to an height of knowledge,
refinement, wealth, and power, unknown in other
l)arts of the earth. France was the great theatre
of commotion : there the war of hostile principles
produced the most sanguinary results; — the cry of
" equality " was raised, — the blood of princes, nobles,
and citizens was shed, and democracy appeared to
triumph over the rights of society. In other countries,
republican principles were ^reading to an alarming
extent ; the sovereigns of EuApe were forced to engage
in war to oppose the progress of destruction, and to
Great Britain pertains the honour of having persevered
in this contest, for twenty years, when the overthrow of
86. B

IIIMTORICAI. KKCORP OK

1 793 that tyrannical power which sprung out of the French
revolution, wql: accomplished.

On the commencement of hostilities in 17^3, the
British army was augmented: upwards of fifty regi-
ments of foot were raised, and one of the first corp*;
embodied, on this occasion, was the regiment which
now bears the title of the Eioiity-Sixth, 011 the
Royal County Down Regiment.

This corps was raised by Major-General Cornelius
Cuyler, who had served with reputation in North
America, and also in the West Indies, where he
had performed the duties of commander-in-chief; its
general rendezvous was at Shrewsbury, and its de8i;^na-
tion was '' General Cuyler'h Shropshire Voluw-
TEERs '" but its ranks were completed with men, prin-
cipally from Yorkshire, Lancashire, and Clieshire, —
counties which have furnished many excellent soldiers.
Major-General Cuyler's appointment was dated tlie
30th of October, 1793, and the royal warrants for
raising recruits were issued on the following day*.

1794 In February. 1794, the following officers were hold-
ing commissions in the regiment: —

Colonel, Major-General C. Cutler.
Lieut.-Colonel, George Sladden.
Major, B. M. Dickens.

Captains.
T. C. Hardy
W. H. Digby
Charles Byne
Edward Robinson

Lieutenants.
Thomas Neilson
Hugh Houstown
W. S. Curry
Edward Barnes

Ensigns.
Willm. Murray
Th08. Thomhill
Thomas Symes
W. C. Williams

"GEORGE ]R ,

"Whereas we have though' .l ; u, k' 1 regimen it
" foot to be forthwith raised, under youi coinmand, which is to
" consist of ten companies, with three Serjeants, three corporals,
" two drummers, and fifty-seven private men in each company,
" with two fifers to the grenadier company, besides a serjeant-
"*rtugor and quarter-master-serjeant, together with the usual

-_ ^.<'- -

TIIK RIOilTY-MIXTII fOOT.

Captaint. lAeutfnantt. Entigni.

Alexander CainphoU Thofl. ]'ick«>riii^ Jarara Durko

Kowlaml Hill* Churlcs Hod Daiil. Mc Nfill

Uohert Btfll. Geo. Mi>idlti/iorc E<i%nr<l Fox

CIiaH. F.. JolU-y Wm. St. CInlr.

Captain-Jjieutenant. Daniel <. tvey
(jicorgo Cuyler. Wm. Setnple

J. C. Tuffncll.
Chaplain, Chas. Austen ; AdjtUant^ Dnniel Coleman ;
Quarter- Matter, Richard Jackson; Surgemt, \U\\i)\ Dean.

From Shrewsbury, the regiment proceeded to Pnrk-
gutc, where it embarked, in April, for Ireland, und after
landing at Cork, marched to Kilkenny.

At this period the newly-raised corps were num-
bered, and this regiment received the designation of the
KiGiiTY-sixTH, or Snnoi'SiiiiiB Volunteers.

On the 20th of June, 1794, Major-Gencral Cuylier
was appointed to the Sixty-ninth Ilegiment, and vrn^
succeeded in the colonelcy of the Eighty-sixth, by
Lieutenant- General Russell Manners.

After remaining in Ireland ten weeks, the regiment
embarked at Cork, and was held in readiness for uctivu

17JM

*• number of commissioned officers ; these are to authorise you, by
" beat of drum, or otherwise, to raise so many men in any county
" or pail of our kingdom of Great Britain, as shall be wanted to
" complete the said regiment to the above-mentioned numbers.

"And all magistrates, justices of the peace, constables, and
" other our civil officers, whom it may concern, are hereby rc-
" quired to be assisting unto you, in providing quarters, impressing
" carriages, and otherwise, as there shall be occasion.

" Given at Our Court, at St. James's, this 1st day of Novem-
" ber, ITSiS, in the thirty-fourth year of Our reign.

" By His Majesty's command,
" (Signed) Georob Yonok."

•• To Our trusty and well-beloved C. Cuyler, Esq.,
" Major-General in our Army, and Colonel
" of a Regiment of Foot to be forthwith
** raised, S^c., SfC., <JfC."

* Now General Commanding-in-Chief.

B 2

HISTORICAL RECORD OP

li I

1794 service; bu\ it landed at Frome, in Somersetshire, in
September, \nd proceeded from thence to the Isle of
Wight.

1795 '^^ regiment having been brought into a state of
discipline and efficiency, was selected to serve on board
the fleet as marines ; eight officers, and four hundred
and fourteen non-commissioned officers and soldiers,
embarked in January, 1 795, on board the " Prince of
Wales,*' " Triumph," « Brunswick," and « Hector,"
line-of-battle ships, and in February, seven officers, and
two hundred and seventy-six non-commissioned officers
and soldiers, embarked on board the "Prince," "Saturn,"
and "Boyne." The "Boyne" caught fire at Spithead,
and was destroyed, when the grenadier company of the
regiment lost its arms, accoutrements, and baggage.

Lieut.-General Russell Manners was removed to the
Twenty-sixth Light Dragoons, in March, 1 795, and was
succeeded by Major-General William Grinfield, from
Lieut.-Colonel in the Third Foot Guards.

The head-quarters of the regiment were at Newport^
in the Isle of Wight, where they were inspected by His
Royal Highness the Duke of York, who expressed his
approbation of their appearance; and in October the
establishment was augmented to one hundred rank and
file per company, its numbers being completed by
drafts from the 118th and 12 1st Regiments; the men
of the last-mentioned corps were then recently liberated
from French prison. In December, the regiment was
stationed at Portsmouth and Hilsea.

1796 In the beginning of 1796, the establishment was
augmented to twelve companies, — the eleventh and
twelfth being recruiting companies; and as the ships of
war came into port, the officers and soldiers of the
Eighty-sixth landed and joined the regiment; they
had served in several engagements in which the ships
they were embarked in had taken part, during that

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

lire, m
Isle of

state of
board
lundred
loldiers,
rince of
ector,"
ers, and
. officers
Saturn,"
pithead,
y of the
age.

ed to the

and was

;ld, from

Newport,
d by His
■essed his
;ober the
rank and
jleted by
the men
liberated
ment was

tnent was
enth and
e ships of
rs of the
ent; they
the ships
aring that

eventful period. In April, the regiment proceeded to 1 79fi
Guildford, and in June it returned to the Isle of Wight.

Meanwhile, Flanders and Holland had embraced
the republican principles of France, and the British
government resolved to deprive the Dutch of the
settlement of the Cape of Good Hope; the Eighty-
sixth embarked for the Cape, where they landed on the
22nd of September, six days after the Dutch governor
had surrendered the colony to the forces under General
Sir Alured Clarke.

The regiment was stationed at the Cape of Good 1797
Hope during the years 1797 and 1798, and received 1798
drafts from the 95th, and other corps. In February,
1799, it embarked for the East Indies, and landed, on 1799
the 10th of May, at Madras, upwards of thirteen hundred
strong, — a splendid body of men, whose appearance
excited much admiration.

The capture of Seringapatam had rendered the ser-
vices of the regiment at this station unnecessary, and
after a month^s repose at Madras, it embarked for
Bombay, where it arrived on the 22nd of July, and sent
detachments by sea, under Major Bell, and Captain
James Richardson, to Tannah and Surat : these detach-
ments returned to Bombay, in December following.

From Bombay, three companies sailed, towards the 1800
end of 1800, for Ceylon, in the expectation of taking
part in the reduction of the Isle of France*; but orders
had, in the meantime, arrived for an army from India,
to co-operate with a body of troops from Europe, in
the expulsion of the French "Army of the East"
from Egypt, and the detachment returned, in January,

" The troops designed for this service consisted of the tenth,
eightieth, and eighty-eighth regiments, seven companies of the
nineteenth, three of eighty-sixtli, a battalion of native infantry,
and a proportion of artillery, under Colonel the Honourable
Arthur Wellesley.

HISTORICAL RECORD OF

' !!

Ih I'

1801 1801, to Bombay, where Major-General Baird assumed
the command, and the expedition sailed for the Red
Sea.

It was originally designed, that the army from India
should land at Suez, a city of Egypt, situate at the head
of the Red Sea, on the borders of Arabia; and a small
squadron under Admiral Blanquett, having on board
three companies of the Eighty-sixth (the grenadier,
light, and colonel's companies) under Lieut.-Colonel
Lloyd, a detachment of Bombay artillery, a battalion of
sepoys, with other detachments, sailed some time
before the main body of the expedition, to attack Suez,
and interrupt the formation of any establishment there
by the French. This small force left Bombay in
December 1800, arrived at Mocha in the middle of
January 1801, where the fleet remained two days to
procure provisions, when it sailed for Jedda, where one
of the ships was lost on a bank. The navigation of the
Red Sea, from Jedda to Suez, proved particularly diffi-
cult and tedious, on account of the want of a sufficient
depth of water, the fleet having to anchor daily, and
take advantage of the tides. On reaching Suez, the
French had evacuated the place in consequence of the
arrival of the army from Europe, under General Sir
Ralph Abercromby, on the Mediterranean shores of
Egypt, and the success of the British arms near Alex-
andria, where Sir Ralph Abercromby was killed.

The troops landed at Suez, and Lieut.-Colonel Lloyd,
in reporting his arrival, solicited permission to cross the
Desert and share in the dangers and honours of the
army, which was advancing up the Nile, and approach-
ing Cairo, the modern capital of Egypt, which it wm
expected the French would defend. Lieut.-Qeneral
Hutchinson acquiesced in Lieut.-Colonel Lloyd's wishcN,
and preparations were accordingly made to pass the
Desert.

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

[umed
Red

At six o'clock; on the evening of the 6th of June^ 1801
the three companies of the Eighty-sixth commenced
their march, with only three pints of water per man ;
the distance in a straight line, was only fifty-eight
miles; but the Arab Sheiks, furnished for guides by
the Vizier, and made responsible for the safe passage of
the detachment, represented that a detour of ten or
twelve miles would be necessary to prevent the French
intercepting the detachment.

After marching two hours over a hard sandy country.
Captain Cuyler, Lieutenant Morse, and Lieutenant
Goodfellow, were taken so ill as to be unable to pro-
ceed. At eleven the troops halted for two hours, then
resumed the march until seven in the morning, when
they again halted, having performed twenty-six miles
of the journey. The day became so intolerably hot,
that Lieut.-Colonel Lloyd ordered the tents to be
pitched to shelter the men from the sun; but at ten
o'clock the guides stated it was necessary to march, as
tlie camels would be so debilitated by the heat, if they
rested on the sand, as to require water before they
could move again; but if kept in motion they would not
be affected in so fatal a degree; adding, if the soldiers
slept, the camel drivers might steal the water, which
they feared would be found scarcely sufficient. The
guides being responsible for the safety of the detach-
ment, Lieut.-Colonel Lloyd acceded to their wishes;
the tents were struck at eleven, and the march resumed;
the thermometer being at 109. Captain Cuyler soon
fainted again, and fell from his horse, and a camel and
two men were left to attend him and bring him for-
ward. The men beginning to drop fast in the rear,
Lieut.-Colonel Lloyd halted about one o'clock, cut his
own baggage from the camels, which example was
followed by all the officers, as many men as could be
carried were then mounted on the camels, and the

HISTORICAL RECORD OF

1801 whole proceeded. At two o'clock a camseen, or south
wind, began to blow, the thermometer rose to 116,
and afterwards much higher; the oncers and soldiers
were seized with dreadful sensations: — some were
affected with giddiness and loss of sight, and others
fell down gasping for breath, and calling for drink. At
four o'clock, Lieut. -Colonel Lloyd was forced to halt.
The skins had been cracked by the sun, and the water
had become of a thick consistence; the men who
drank it were seized with vomiting and violent pains.
The officers had brought with them some Madeira
wine, which they divided among the soldiers; a pro-
portion of spirits were mixed with the remaining water,
which was issued to the men, accompanied with
the warning, that every drop was in their own posses-
sion, half the journey had not been performed, and on
their own prudence, in reserving a portion in their
canteenS; must depend whether or not they should be
enabled to accomplish the remainder of the distance.

Between six and seven o'clock the wind ceased; as
the sun declined, the air became more temperate, and
the detachment being a little refreshed, though still a
langour pervaded the whole, the order for marching
was given at seven o'clock. Seventeen men, unable
to travel, were left on the ground, and camels were
left to bring them forward as soon as they could be
moved.

During the march several officers and soldiers
experienced an extraordinary sensation of seeing
horses, camels, and all kinds of animals, moving with
rapid transition before them, which false perception
their judgment could not correct. At eleven the de-
tachment halted ; the night was excessively dark, and
the officers and soldiers were so exhausted, that un-
conquerable sleep seized upon all.

At four o'clock the guides awoke Lieut.-Colonel

THE EIGHTY-SIXTII FOOT.

Lloyd, and the soldiers formed in order of inarch with 1801
difficulty, a heavy dew having fallen upon them, and
their limhs being benumbed with cold. The march
was, however, resumed ; the south wind began to blow
at the same hour as on the preceding day, but the men
were not affected in the same severe degree; and by
strenuous exertions the detachment arrived at the
springs of Elhanka, between four and five o'clock in
the evening of the same day, when the joy experienced
by every one was very great. By eight o'clock all the
camels had come up, and the men, who, from giddiness
had fallen from their backs, joined during the night.
Eight of the seventeen men left behind, joined on the
9th of June, and the other nine perished in the Desert.
No man had partaken of food after quitting Suez,
as it would have increased the thirst, and the rations of
salt pork were thrown away on the first morning. On
arriving at the springs, the soldiers partook of the water
with caution; but two officers' horses having broke
loose drank till they died on the spot. During the
march of seventy miles, no vegetation, bird, or beast,
had been seen.

After halting at the springs of Elhanka until the
evening of the 9th of June, the detachment com-
menced its march in the dark, to prevent being dis-
covered by the enemy, and at eleven o'clock on the
following day, it joined the Turkish army, encamped at
Chobra, under the Grand Vizier; the British, under
Lieut.-General Hutchinson, being encamped on the
other side of the river Nile. The Eighty-sixth
pitched their tents with Colonel Stuart's division, which
was with the Vizier's army; the soldiers had suffered
the loss of their uniforms, which had been burnt in
consequence of the plague, and they had been forced to
abandon their knapsacks on the march; being very fine
men, their appearance excited great interest. On the

HISTORICAL RECORD OP

i i

'■' 1

U '!

!! : i

I i

1801 16th, the three officers left behind on the march,
joined; they had returned to Suez, and afterwards
passed the Desert with a caravan.

Advancing towards the metropolis of modern Egypt,
the army made preparations for investing that extensive
fortress; but on the 22nd of June a flag of truce
arrived from the French Commandant, General Belliard,
who agreed to surrender Cairoy on condition of himself
and garrison being sent back to France.

On the surrender of Cairo, the three companies of
the Eighty-sixth marched into the citadel, which the
French had evacuated a few hours previously. On the
same day they took possession of Fort Ibrahim.

In the mean time, the other three companies of the
regiment which had returned from Ceylon to join the
expedition, had been delayed by the difficult navigation
of the Red Sea, and had landed at Cosseir, from whence
a march of above one hundred and twenty miles had to
be performed across the Desert to Kenna on the Nile.
This distance was divided into stages, stores were
formed at several points, relays of camels were placed
to convey water, wells were found, and others digged,
and the march was performed by the army with much
less suffering than was experienced by the three com-
panies under Lieut.-Colonel Lloyd, in the passage of
the Desert from Suez to the springs of Elhanka. At
the third stage, called Moilah, some soldiers of the
Eighty-sixth dug a well at the foot of a hill, under
the direction of Captain Middlemore, and found an
excellent spring, for which they received the thanks of
the commander of the forces.

Arriving on the banks of the Nile, the troops em-
barked in boats and proceeded down the river to the
island of Rhonda, where they encamped, while the
forces from Europe were engaged in the siege of Alex-
andria. At Rhonda the six companies of the Eighty-

THE EIGHTY SIXTH FOOT.

were

SIXTH were united; four companies remaining in 1801
India.

In the beginning of September, Alexandria sur-
rendered; Egypt was thus delivered from the power of
the French " Army of the East/* and Europe saw
the dawn of liberty in the horizon. The Eighty-
sixth received, in common with the other corps which
served in this enterprise, the approbation of their
Sovereign, the thanks of Parliament, and the royal
authority to bear on their colours the Spiiynx, with
the word "Egypt," to commemorate the share taken
by the regiment in this splendid achievement.

To perpetuate the remembrance of the services
rendered to the Ottoman Empire, the Grand Seignor
established an order of knighthood, which he named
the order of the Crescent, of which the superior
officers of the army and navy were constituted mem-
bers. The officers of the Eighty-sixth, and other
corps, had gold medals presented to them by the Grand
Seignor, which they were permitted by King George
III., to accept and wear.

The object of the expedition having been accom-
plished, the Eighty-sixth sailed up the Nile in boats,
in order to return to India; they arrived at El Hamed
on the 14th of October, and on the 30th proceeded to
Gheeza, where they remained several months.

In April of this year, one of the four companies
left in India, proceeded from Bombay to Surat, a town
situate on the south bank of the river Taptee, in the
province of Guzerat; and in November, two companies
sailed for Dieu in the same province.

The two companies at Dieu returned to Bombay in i802
February, 1802, and in March they sailed to Cambay,
under the command of Captain Richardson, and joined
the company from Surat, which had arrived there a
short time previously. They encamped at Cambay,

IIIMTOItlCAl, nRCOHD OF

1802 witli part of the Seventy-fifth, five companies of the
Eighty-fourth, a hattalion of native infantry, and some
artillery, under Colonel Sir William Clarke.

The jealousy of the native chiefs at the accession
of territory acquired by the British in India, often
produced hostiliticM, and circumstances occurred which
occasioned a detachment of the Eighty-sixth, under
Lieutenant William Purcell Creagh, to take part in an
attempt to surprise the hostile fortress of Kareah, one
hundred and twenty miles from Cambay, on the night
of the 17th of March. The soldiers were advancing
to storm the place with the greatest gallantry, when
their progress was arrested by a deep ditch, cut through
the rock a short time previously, and the Arabs in
garrison being numerous and prepared, opened a heavy
fire. Lieutenant Creagh was killed by a cannon ball,
while in the act of leading the soldiers to the attack;
Lieutenant Lovell was also killed, and many officers
and soldiers were wounded; soon after dav-break the
troops were obliged to retire.

In consequence of this repulse, the three companies
of the Eighty-sixth, M'ith the other detachments
encamped at Cambay, were ordered to advance upon
Kareah. The enemy having formed for battle a short
distance from the fort, with a numerous force, were
routed by the British on the 30th of April ; and im-
mediately afterwards the town was captured, also some
out-works, in one of which an explosion took place,
killing an officer and twenty-five soldiers.

Thf; siege of the fort was commenced ; but when
the batteries opened their fire, the garrison surrendered.
The cliief, Mulhar Uao, was sent a prisoner to Bombay.
After ))lacing a garrison in the fort, the troops marched
for Surat, (170 miles,) where they arrived on the 12th
of June, having captured Tarrapore, and other small
places, while on the march.

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

The six companies of the regiment in Egypt, '«- 1802
mained at Gheeza until May, when they traversed ^ j
Desert to Suez, and from thence to " Moses' Well," or
the " Font of Moses,'' on the Arabian side of the Gulf
of Suez. While at Gheeza they received two hundred
and seven volunteers from the Twentieth, Thirty-fifth,
Forty-eighth, and Sixty-third Regiments ; Major Henry
Torrens joined at that station.

While at Moses' Well, several soldiers died of
the plague, when the men's clothing, bedding, and
tents were burnt, and the six companies embarked for
India; no other cases of the plague occurring, the
companies landed at Bombay on the 4th of July. In
November, the three companies arrived from the pro-
vince of Guzerat, and the regiment was once more
united at Bombay.

The Eighty-sixth were only permitted to enjoy
a short repose at Bombay: the hostile demonstrations
of some of the predatory states composing the Mah-
ratta power, rendering it necessary for the British
forces to be held in readiness for active operations, and
assembled on the verge of the British territory. The
Mahratta states were united by a sentiment of interest
founded upon their common origin, civil and religious
usages, and habits of conquest and depredation; the
chiefs acted as independent sovereigns, but nomi-
nally acknowledged the supreme authority of the
Peishwah. They, however, viewed with jealousy the
treaties between the British and the Peishwah, as
tending to restrain their predatory habits, and prevent
their acquisition of power ; and this acknowledged head
of the Mahratta states found his independence con-
trolled, and the existence of his government menaced
by the violence and ambition of his feudatory chief-
tains; at the same time he was unable to fulfil his
engagements with the British, the safety of whose

Hi!

IlISTORirAL KECORU UP

lfi02 possessions was endangered. In consequence of these
events, connected witli other causes, the Eioiity-sixth
left Bombay in the middle of November, for the pro-
vince of Guzerat, and landed at Cambay, from whence
they marched towards the hostile fortress of Baroda, in
the vicinity of which place they encanjped, with several
other corps, on the 3rd of December. An enemy's
force was assembled to protect the fortress, and on the
18th of December the British advanced, leaving their
tents standing, and engaged their opponents. During
the fight the garrison made a sally; but the English
proved victorious, routing their adversaries with great
slaughter, and capturing a pair of Arab colours and
many prisoners.

During the night the erection of batteiic^ com-
menced ; on the 21st of December the fire of the
artillery was opened, and the flank companies of the
Eighty-sixth stormed an outwork, defended by Arabs,
who refused quarter, and were nearly all destroyed, very
few escaping. In four days the breach was practicable,
and the storming parties were re.'jdy ; but the garrison
surrendered. The Eiuhty-sixih had seven men
killed, and twenty-three wounded in these services.
Captain John Grant distinguished himself during the
siege, and at the storming of the outwork.

Towards the end of this year, the usurpations of
Jeswunt Rao Holkur, one of the Mahratta chiefs,
forced the Peishwah to abandon his capital, and to
seek British aid, when a treaty was concluded with
him ; and the refractory chiefs persisting in aggression,
hostilities were commenced to reinstate the deposed
chieftain.
1803 ^" *^® third of February, 1803, three companies of
the Eighty-sixth, under Captain James Richardson,
were detached, with other forces, the whole commanded
by Major Holmes, of the Bombay army, in pursuit of

THR EIOIITY-SIXTH FOOT.

the Muhratta (^iiieftniii, Cmiojee lioo Guickwar, who IH03
had taken the field with a eonsiclcra1)lc force.

While in quest of the enemy, the advance-guard of
the Seventy-fifth Regiment was suddenly attacked,
when emerging from a defile, on the 6th of February,
and overpowered, with a loss of many men and a gun.
The three companies of the Eighty-sixth, being at
the head of the column of march, moved forward, en-
countered the enemy, and, by a determined charge,
routed the hostile forces, chasing them across the bed
of a river into the jungle, where they dispersed, leaving
their tents, baggage, camels, horses, and the captured
gun behind. The regiment lost very few men in this
gallant exploit.

On the same day five companies of the regiment,
under Captain Cuyler, marched from Baroda to rein-
force Major Holmes' detachment, leaving two companies
behind under Captain Grant.

The Chief Canojee was at the head of a considerable
force, but he avoided an engagement, which occa-
sioned many harassing marches in endeavouring to
come up with him. On the 25th of February, a party of
the Eighty-sixth was detached against the fort of
Kirrella, which was captured without experiencing
serious opposition.

On the 1st of March, when near Copperbund, infor-
mation was received that Canojee's force was not far
distant ; and by extraordinary exertions, the detach-
ment came up with the hostile bands, which were in
full retreat. The Mahratta horse, attached to the
British detachment, did not act with spirit; but the
Eighty-sixth, though nearly exhausted with the
march, made a gallant effort, and encountered the
enemy, who was in the act of passing the bed of a
river. The adverse bands being nearly all cavalry, and
the British nearly all infantry, the enemy escaped with

1 1

IIIMTURICAI. HKCOKI) OK

1^03 little loss. The Eiohty-sixtii hnd two men killed;
Lieutenant Alexander (Jrant, and a few men wounded.

The forces of Canojee Rao Guickwar having been,
in a great measure, dispersed, the Eioiitv-hixtii were
allowed a short period of repose ; and these districts
were annexed to the British possessions in India.

Operations having commenced for the restoration of
the Peishwah, the Eigiity-hixtii were stationed a
short time in Guzerat, where a force was detained to
afford security to that valuable and important firo-
vince, and also a reserve disposable for active ope-
rations. The regiment formed part of the disposable
force stationed in front of Brodera, the residence of the
Guickwar, and to the northward of the Nerbudda river.

In May, the regiment advanced and pitched its
tents before the fortress of Keira, belonging to one of
Doulat Rao Scindia's chiefs, where some native infantry
and battering guns also arrived ; but the garrison sur-
rendered without waiting for a breach having been
made in the works.

From Keira the regiment marched to Nerriade,
where it was joined by two companies left at Baroda
under Captain Grant; but the rains setting in, the
operations were suspended.

Information having been received that a body of the
enemy was levying contributions about thirty miles
from the quarters of the regiment, Captain Grant per-
formed a forced march with four companies and some
sepoys, and making a night attack with great success,
killed and took prisoners many of the enemy, and
captured some horses, &c. Lieutenant Procter and a
few men of the regiment were wounded on this
occasion.

A body of Canojee's troops threatening to cross the
river about fifteen miles above Bareach, and plunder
the country, four hundred rank and file of the regiment,
with a battalion of sepoys, and four guns, under

THE BIQHTY-SIXTII PUUT.

Captain James Richardson, advanced, on the 14th of l^^-*
July, during the heavy rains, in search of the enemy.
The guti-buUocks failed, and tite country being inun-
dated by the rains, the soldiers had to drag the guns,
up to tlioir waists in water; but by extraordinary
efforts they arrived at the bank of the river on the IGth
of July, and attacking a number of Canojee's troops
which had crossed the stream, routed them, and forced
them into the water, where many lost their lives, the
river being full and rapid.

The river having fallen considerably during the
night, the soldiers passed the stream on the following
day, under cover of the fire of the guns, and assaulting
the breast-works of the main body of Canojee's legions,
carried them at the point of the bayonet, and pursued
the routed enemy two miles with great slaughter. A
body of Arabs disdaining to seek their safety in flight,
fought with great desperation until overpowered.

Captain Richardson and Lieutenant Lanphier dis-
tinguished themselves on this occasion ; and the enter-
prise being accomplished with the loss of a few men
killed and wounded, the troops returned to Baroda.

In pursuance of the plan suggested to the Governor-
General by Major-General Hon. Arthur Wellesley, five
hundred men of the Eighty-Sixth, a small detachment
of the Sixty-Fifth, a proportion of European artillery,
and a battalion of Sepoys, advanced, under Lieut.-
Colonel Woodington, to besiege the strong fortress of
Baroach. On the 23rd of August, this small body of
troops encamped on the bank of the river within a few
miles of the fortress, expecting the arrival of the bat-
tering train in boats. The baggage of the regiment
was this day attacked by a numerous body of the
enemy's horse, when nearly every soldier and follower
was killed or wounded, and the Iraggage captured and
plundered.

86.

HISTORICAL RECORD OF

1803 A schooner and gun-boat having arrived with can-
non and ammunition, the troops advanced on the 25th
of August, and arriving within two miles of the for-
tress, discovered a numerous body of hostile cavalry,
infantry, and Arabs, in order of battle on the plain.
These opponents were speedily routed with the loss of
their flag and a number of killed and wounded ; and
the armament soon afterwards attacked, and carried,
the pettah with great gallantry; Ensign D'Aguilar dis-
tinguished himself on this occasion.

The siege of the fort was commenced, and a breach
was reported practicable ; at one o'clock on the 29th of
August, the storming parties assembled in the streets
under the command of Major Cuyler; the bayonets
were firmly fixed by the introduction of a piece of
cotton cloth, to prevent the Arab swordsmen disen-
gaging them, and the soldiers proceeded quietly to their
post behind the battery. At three the signal to attack
was fired, and the forlorn hope, consisting of Serjeant
John Moore and twelve soldiers of the Eighty-sixth,
sprang forward; a hundred soldiers of the Eighty-
sixth, and a hundred Sepoy grenadiers, under Captain
Richardson, rushed towards the breach, followed by
three hundred men under Major Cuyler, and a reserve
of two hundred under Captain Bethune.

Passing the ditch knee-deep in mud, and climbing
the long steep and difficult ascent to the breach, the
soldiers encountered the Arab and Scindian defenders,
who made a desperate resistance. Hand to hand the
combatants strove for mastery, and amidst the clash of
steel and turmoil of deadly contest, many feats of
valour were performed. Captain Maclaurin, who
evinced great ardour, was wounded and made prisoner,
but he was rescued from the Arabs, by Private John
Brierly. Captain Richardson and Captain Grant sig-
nalized themselves, and Serjeant Bills was conspicuous

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

for the heroic courage with which he fought. At length 18(»»J
British valour proved triumphant, and the breach was
won, when the Eighty-sixth crowned the rampart,
the Schidian colours were pulled down, and the British
standard planted in their place, by Serjeant Moore.

Having overpowered all resistance at the breach,
Captain Richardson's party swept the works to the
Cuttoopore gate ; Major Cuyler led his detachment at
a running pace to the Jaraseer gate, and firing upon the
Scindians and Arabs who were escaping by that avenue,
wounded one of the elephants in the passage. The
Arabs threw down their matchlocks, drew their creesis,
and rushing upon their assailants with deadly fury,
refused to give or receive quarter. The contest was of
short duration; British discipline and prowess were
again victorious ; two hundred Arab horsemen and foot
lay on the ground, and the Eighty-sixth stood
triumphant on the scene of conflict. Among the
trophies of the day, were fifteen stand of Scindian and
Arab colours, which were sent to head quarters, ex-
cepting two, retained by the Eighty-sixth regiment,
as trophies of the valour displayed by the corps on
this occasion.

Thus was captured a fortress of great importance to
the commercial interests of Britain, with a territory
yielding a considerable revenue, which were added to
the British dominions. In his public despatch, Lieut.-
Colonel Woodington highly commended the conduct
of Major Cuyler and Captain Richardson, and added, —
" The whole of the officers and men employed on this
" service have conducted themselves so much to my
" satisfaction, that I cannot express myself too strongly
" in their commendation.''

The Governor-General in Council, also, signified in
general orders, — "his particular approbation of the
" valour and judgment manifested by Major Cuyler, of

c 2

HISTORICAL RECORD OF

1803 " His Majesty's Eighty-Sixth regiment, throughout
'' the service at Baroach, and in commanding the
storm of the fort, and by Captain Richardson of the
same corps, leading the assault. His Excellency in
*' Council, also, observes with particular satisfaction the
" conduct of Captain ClifFe, of the Engineers of Bombay.
" To all the officers and troops, European and Native.
** employed on this honorable occasion. His Excellency
** in Council signifies his high commendation."

Serjeant Bills was rewarded with the appointment
of serjeant-major ; Serjeant Moore received a donation
of five hundred rupees from the Government for hi«
gallantry, and Private Brierly was promoted corporal,
and afterwards Serjeant.

The loss of the regiment was Captain William
Semple, killed in the breaching battery on the 25 th of
August — an excellent officer, whose fall was much re-
gretted; also two Serjeants and ten rank and file
killed; Major Cuyler, Captain Richardson, Captain
Maclaurin, and twenty. three rank and file wounded.

From Baroach the regiment proceeded to Baroda,
from whence five hundred rank and file of the Eighty-
sixth, a battalion of Sepoys, some irregular horse, and
a battering train, marched to attack the fort of Powan-
ghur, situated on a stupendous rock of extraordinary
height and of difficult ascent. Arriving before this
place on the 14th of September, and the garrison
refusing to surrender, the walls were battered until the
17th, when orders were issued to prepare to attack the
lower fort by storm. The garrison was intimidated by
the knowledge of the fact, that if they defended the
breach, their communication with the fort on the top
of the mountain would be cut off, and their escape
rendered impossible ; they therefore surrendered. Thus
a fort of great strength by nature and art fell into the
hands of the British.

THE EIUHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

The district of Champaneer, the only territory re- 1803
maining to Scindia^ in the province of Guzerat, had
thus been reduced, and annexed to the British domi-
nions. Lieut.-Cclonel Murray, of the Eighty-fourth
regiment, assumed the command of the troops at Ba-
roda, and advanced towards Scindia's territories, in the
province of Malwa, in quest of Holkar's forces, but it
was found impossible to bring the armed bands of that
chieftain to action. On the 18th of October the city
and fortress of Godera was taken possession of, the
enemy retiring as the British approached. At this
place information was received of the victory of Assaye,
gained by the troops under Major-General the Hon.
Arthur Wellesley, on the 23rd of September, which
was foUow^ed by the submission of two of the hostile
chiefs, Scindia and the Rajah of Berar, leaving Holkar,
Canojee, and some minor chiefs in the field.

Leaving Godera, the troops took possession of
Balinsanere in the beginning of November; and ad-
vanced towards Lunawarrah. On the march, the rear-
guard, consisting of five companies of Sepoys, and
some native cavalry, was suddenly attacked, while
passing through an extensive jungle, by a numerous
body of the enemy in ambush.

The hostile bands did not venture to attack the Euro-
peans of the advance-guard, nor the column, but rushed
with great fury upon the native troops in the rear,
occasioning the loss of many Sepoys and camp follow-
ers, with some baggage, before assistance could arrive
from the column. The Eighty-sixth had several
men killed and wounded on this occasion.

Lunawarrah was evacuated by the enemy, and
Dhowd was taken, about six weeks afterwards, with
little opposition.

In this part of the country, the Eighty-sixth, and
other corps, with Lieut.-Colonel Murray, remained

HISTORICAL RECORD OF

1803 about two months*, watching Holkar, who had power
to concentrate an overwhelming force, which rendered
vigilance particularly necessary.

1804 On the death of Lieut.-General Grinfield, King
George III. conferred the colonelcy of the regiment on
Lieut.-General Sir James Henry Craig, K.B., from the
Forty-sixth Foot, by commission dated the 5th of
January, 1804.

From Dhowd, the Eighty-sixth, and other corps
under Lieut.-Colonel Murray, retired to Godera, and
from thence to Jerode, in order to obtain supplies, and
protect the province of Guzerat. At this period a
dreadful famine raged in the Deccan, and other parts
of the country hitherto the seat of war.

After three weeks* repose at Jerode, the Eighty-
sixth, Sixty-fifth, Sepoys and native cavalry, ad-
vanced once more into the province of Malwa, under
Lieut.-Colonel Murray, and arrived at Dhowd on the
12th of June, having lost many men from the excessive
heat. On the march Major Stuart, of the Sixty-fifth,
died and was buried, (9th June,) under the colours of the
Eighty-sixth, on which day twenty-one men of the
Sixty-fifth, and eleven of the Eighty-sixth, died from
the effects of the hot winds.

From Dhowd, the troops advanced to Ongein, the
capital of Scindia, from whence the Eighty-sixth,
three battalions of Sepoys, a train of artillery, and a

* Officers Present, — Majors Henry Ton-ens, (commanding,)

George Cuyler; Captains James Richardson, J6hn Grant,

Maclaurin ; Lieutenants W. Martin, J. H. Wilson, Peter Drum-
mond, John Harvey, Alexander Grant, R. Travers, William
Bourd, S. G. McKay, Thomas Lanphier, J. Wilson, David Mor-
rice, Edmund Carter, G. D'Aigular; Ensign Neill Maclaurin;
Adjutant W. Moreton; Quarter-Master J . Coor; Surgeon P. W.
Dcane ; Assistant Surgeons BcUars and Liddle : 53 Serjeants, 22
drummers, 600 rank and file.

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

body of Scindia's cavalry, were immediately pushed 1804
on to Indore, the capital of Holkar's dominions, where
they arrived on the 14th of August; the city having
been evacuated on the previous evening.

From Indore, the flank companies of the regiment,
and a battalion of Sepoys, advanced with scaling
ladders, under Captain Richardson, twenty miles, to
surprise a fort, which was reported to be full of troops
and provisions ; but when the soldiers scaled the walls,
they found the place empty ; the enemy having fled a
few hours previously.

Having penetrated so far beyond the boundaries of
Guzerat, the troops under Lieut.-Colonel Murray found
their communication with that country cut off", and
Holkar threatening to enter and lay waste the province ;
their supplies were nearly exhausted ; they were in a
territory devastated by famine and disease ; the rainy
season was approaching, and a small fcrce, under Lieut.-
Colonel Monson, sent by General Lord Lake to eflect
a junction with Lieut.-Col. Murray, was pursued by
Holkar's numerous legions, and forced to make a
precipitate flight, abandoning its cannon and baggage.
Under these circumstances, a sudden advance was made,
of two marches, to deceive the enemy, and on the third
march the troops faced about and retreated. The rain
set in with such violence as to destroy the tents ; — the
artillery and baggage oxen and camels died in great
numbers ; — much of the baggage was abandoned ; — the
soldiers had to drag the guns through the cotton-
grounds waist-deep in water; — no cover or shelter
for officers or soldiers ; — the inhabitants dying in great
numbers from famine;'^the European soldiers dying also
from excessive fatigue, the inclemency of the weather
and privation; — the native troops and followers also
perishing in great numbers: such were the distressing cir-
cumstances under which this retrograde movement was

HISTORICAL RECORD OF

1804 executed, but, by the perseverance of the Europeans, the
guns were preserved, and the troops arrived at Ongein,
where the Sixty-fifth, Eighty-sixth, and artillery,
were accommodated with a building in the fort. This
force had been reduced by its sufferings, from six to
three thousand men.

Exertions were made to re-equip this diminished force
for the field, and orders being received to advance, it
was again in motion in the middle of October, advancing
in the direction of Kota and Rhampoorae, and cap-
turing, on the route, the hill fort of Inylekur by escalade,
also several other small forts.

The army of Holkar was routed and dispersed by
the troops under General Lord Lake ; but the war was
protracted by the defection of the Rajah of Bhurtpore,
and the Eighty-Sixth were destined to transfer their
services to the rajah's dominions.

Reinforcements having arrived from Bombay, Major-
General Jones assumed the command, and marched
towards the city of Bkurtpore, the capital of the
hostile rajah's territory*. After a long and harassing
march, the troops approached that fortress on the

1805 10th of February, 1805, when a large body of hostile
horsemen surrounded the column and impeded its
movements across a level country. Half the force
was employed in protecting the baggage, and the
guns were repeatedly unlimbered, to keep the adverse
cavalry at a distance. On the following day, Major-
General Jones's division joined the army before
Bhurtpore, and was inspected by Lord Lake, who

• Officers pbesbnt, Ist January, 1805: — Major Geoi;ge
Cuyler, (commanding) ; Captains James Grant, William More-
ton ; Lieutenants R. Travers, W. Baird, Thomas Lanphier, J.
Wilson, D. Morrice, George D'Aguilar, N. Maclaurin, H. Steele ;
Surgeon P. W. Deane ;• Assistant-Surgeons Bellars and Liddle : —
61 Serjeants, 22 drummers, 611 rank and file.

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

expressed his satisfaction at the bearing of the troops. 1805
The soldiers of the Sixty-fifth and Eighty-Sixth
presented a motley appearance: their worn-out uni-
forms were patched with various colours, or replaced
by red cotton jackets ; many of the men wore sandals
in the place of shoes, and turbans instead of hats ; but
beneath this outward war-worn appearance, tlie innate
courage of Britons still glowed.

The siege of Bhurtpore had unfortunately been under-
taken without a battering train of sufficient weight, and
necessary to insure the reduction of so strong a fortress;
the siege was, however, persevered in. At three o'clock,
on the 20th of February, two hundred and fifty men of
the Eighty-sixth, and two companies of Sepoys,
commanded by Captain Grant, of the Eighty-sixth,
stormed an out-work, covering one of the principal
gates, with the bayonet, driving the Arabs, who fought
with their usual determination, into the city, and cap-
turing eleven brass guns ; in which service Lieutenants
Lanphier and D'Aguilar distinguished themselves, the
former receiving a spear wound in the neck. As the
Arabs fled to the gate. Captain Grant followed, in the
hope of being able to enter with them, but he found it
closed, and, after destroying the fugitives, who were
shut out, he retired to the Pettah, to await the result
of the other attacks, which did not succeed. While the
soldiers of the Eighty-sixth and Sepoys were drag-
ging the captured guns to the camp, they were attacked
by a numerous body of the enemy, who issued from
the fortress to retake the guns, but were repulsed by
the steady valour of the soldiers. Captain Grant
formed a square round the guns, and under a heavy
tire from the Fort, succeeded in brnging them to
camp ; this was the only successful part of this attack.
The enemy's numerous cavalry also attacked the British
camp, but were defeated by the troops not engaged in

lllNTOIlICAh RECORD OP

1805 the trenches, or in the assault. Lord Lake commended
the determined bravery of the storming party of the
Eighty-sixth in orders, and directed the captured guns
to be placed in front of the camp of the regiment, — a
mark of distinction highly prized by the corps, and by
the Bombay division of the army to which they be-
longed.

At three o'clock on the following day, the flank
companies of the Sixty-fifth and Eighty-sixth, sup-
ported by the Seventy-fifth and Seventy-sixth regi-
ments, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Monson, stormed
a large and high bastion. After passing the ditch, the
forlorn hope was destroyed in attempting to ascend
the breach, which was extremely steep, and knee-
deep in mud and loose stones. Every effort was
made, the men climbing over the dead boaies of their
comrades, and .struggling to gain the rampart, but in
vain. Some strove to climb by the shot holes made
by the British guns, and others drove their bayonets
into the mud walls to ascend by, while the enemy
above hurled large stones, logs of timber, packs of
flaming oiled cotton, and jars filled with combustibles,
upon their heads, with a terrible destruction ; the killed
and wounded lay by hundreds, crushed beneath the
falling timbers, or burning under the flaming oiled
cloth, when Lieut.-Colonel Monson, seeing the impos-
sibility if succeeding, ordered the survivors to return
to the camp.

In the two attacks, the Eighty-sixth had two
Serjeants and twenty-three rank and file killed; Cap-
tain Moreton, Lieutenants Travers, Baird, Lanphier,
D'Aguilar, one Serjeant, one drumnrer, and seventy-
three rank and file wounded. A great number of the
wounded soldiers died. Lieutenant Baird received five
wounds; Lieutenant Lanphier was wounded on each
day; this ofticcr and Lieutoiant D'Aguilar distinguished

THK EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

themselves on both occasions. Serjeant George Ibert- 1805
son was commended in regimental orders for his con-
duct at the breach, and Corporal Crawford was rewarded
with the rank of sen' it, for his behaviour on this
occasion.

The capture of Bhurtpore without additional means,
being found impracticable, the British withdrew from
before that fortress, and proceeded to Dhoolpore;
negotiations for peace having been concluded, the
army was broken up in May ; the Bengal troops pro-
ceeding to Muttra, and the Bombay division to Tonk,
where they remained during tne monsoon in huts.

After the rainy season, the Bombay force com-
menced its march, proceeding through the territories of
the Rajah of Jeypore, in pursuit of the forces of Holkar,
who was still in the field. Having been chased to the
banks of the Hyphasis river, on the borders of the
great desert, the Mahratta chieftain was forced to sub-
mit, and the war was terminated by a treaty of peace*.

In orders dated Riapoora Ghaut, on the left bank
of the Hyphasis, 13th December, 1805, General Lord
Lake returned thanks to Major-General Jones, the
officers, and soldiers, of the division of the army from
Bombay, for the important services rendered by them
during the war ; and, alluding to the period they had
been under his immediate command, added, " His
" Lordship has been proud to witness, on every occa-
" sion on which they have been employed, the steady

* Officers present, 1st December, 1805. Major George
Cuyler (commanding a brigade); Captains John Grant, (com-
manding the regiment), William Baird ; Lieutenants D. Morrice,
N. Maclaurin, H. Steele, Thomas Lanphier, George D'Aguilar,
(brigade-major); Quarter- Master 3. Smith; Surgeon, P. Deane ;
Assistant-Surgeon R. Bellai-s: 48 Serjeants, 19 drummers, 364
rank and iilc.

HISTORICAL RECORD OP

1805 « conduct and gallantry in action of all the troops com-
" posing the division."

1806 From the banks of the Hyphasis, near the spot
where Alexander the Great crossed that river when he
invaded India, the regiment commenced its march for
Bombay, where it arrived on the 29th of March, 1806,
and embarking for Goa, landed on the rock of Aguada
on the 3rd of April, after a most active and harassing
service of more than five years, during which period it
had sailed up the Red Sea, crossed the desert twice,
served a campaign in Egypt, traversed the north and
western provinces of India from Bombay to Bhurtpore,
and received the thanks of Lord Lake on the banks of
the Hyphasis; having sustained a loss of Lieut.-Colonel
Robinson, Captains Maclaurin and Macquarrie, Lieute-
nants Harvey, Price, and Wilson, Ensigns Massey,
Ellison, McKay, Leovick, and upwards of a thousand
non-commissioned officers and soldiers.

In October of this year, Lieutenant-General Craig,
K.B., was removed to the Twenty-second Foot, and was
succeeded in the colonelcy of the Eighty-sixth by
Lieut.-General Sir Charles Ross, Baronet, from the
Eighty-fifth regiment.

At Goa, the regiment was joined by a detachment,
consisting of Lieutenant Michael Creagh, Ensigns
Blackall, Hillhouse, Paymaster Cope, and thirty non-
commissioned officers and soldiers. This detachment
was employed under Major-General Sir David Baird, at
the capture of the Cape of Good Hope, in January,
1806, when Lieutenant Creagh was wounded. The

strength of the regiment was also augmented with two
hundred and thirteen volunteers from the Seventy-
seventh, on that corps embarking from England.

In this year. His Majesty was pleased to change the
designation of the corps to the Eighty-sixth, or
Leinster Regiment of Foot."

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

Lieut.- Colonel Hastings Eraser, having arrived in IROG
India, overland from Europe, assumed the command,
and Major Cuyler embarked for England.

In February, 1808, Captain John Grant obtained 1808
permission to return to England, when it was stated in
general orders, — "The Honourable the Governor in
" Council cannot allow Captain Grant to depart, with-
" out being accompanied by this testimonial to the
** credit which that meritorious officer has done to the
" British arms, during his service in India, at the siege
" of Baroda, the capture of the important fortress of
'* Baroach and Powanghur, and particularly in the
" arduous and successful attack of the column which
Captain Grant commanded on the 20th of February,
1805, at the siege of Bhurtpore, on which occasion,
" he most gallantly carried the enemy's post, and cap-
" tured the whole of their guns, being eleven in num-
** ber, &c., &c., &c."

Orders having been received for the removal of the 1809
Eighty-sixth, to form part of a field force to be
assembled in the Presidency of Madras, the following
declaration was issued by the Viceroy and Captain-
General of the Portuguese possessions in Asia, dated
Palace of Panjam, 16th August, 1809.

"On the departure of His Britannic Majesty's
" Eighty-sixth regiment from Goa, His Excellency
** the "Viceroy and Captain-General of the Portuguese
" possessions in Asia avails himself of the opportunity
" to express his sentiments of praise and admiration of
" the regular order and conduct which Lieut.-Colonel
** Eraser, the officers and soldiers of that corps, have so
*' honourably observed during a period of three years,
" which they have been employed in the territories
" subject to his authority, so highly creditable to the
" discipline of that corps.

" His Excellency the Viceroy will never forget the

IIIHTORICAL RRCOKU OK

1809 " invariable harmonv which has always subsisted bc-
" tween the subjects of His Royal Highness the Prince
" Regent of Portugal and all ranks of His Britannic
" Majesty's Eioiity-sixtii regiment, whose remem-
" brance will be always grateful to him ; and he doubts
'* not they will continue to acquire, in whatever part of
" the world their services may bo called for, glorious
" claims on the rewards of their Sovereign, and the
" admiration of their country."

Leaving Goa, the regiment proceeded in boats up
the river to Candiaparr, from whence it ascended the
ghauts. The moonson having set in, the men suffered
much from the incessant rains and inundations, and
after a long march through the Mahratta territories,
arrived at Bellary, on the 15 th of September. The
second battalion of the First or the Royals, the Eighty-
Sixth, and two battalions of Sepoys formed the first
brigede, under Lieut.Colonel Fraser, to which Lieute-
nant Michael Creagh was appointed brigade-major. A
large force assembled under Colonel Conran, of the
Royals, but the native troops, against which it was
prepared to act, returned to their duty; when the
Eighty-sixth garrisoned Bellary and Gooty. Captain
James Burke, and many non-commissioned officers and
soldiers, died from the effects of the fatigues they had
undergone. Soon afterwards, the regiment returned to
Goa.

1810 After a few weeks' repose, the regiment was selected
to form part of an expedition sigainst the French island
of Bourbon; it embarked on the 5th of March, 1810,
and sailed on the following day. On entering Canno-
nore harbour, one transport struck on a rock, and was
lost. After calling at Quillon and Point de Galle, for
water and provisions, the fleet sailed for Madras, where
the regiment landed on the 13th of April, and encamped
at St. Thomas' Mount. From Madras, the expedition

TIIR KIOIITY-HIXIII FOOT.

sailed under the command of Colonel Frnser, consist- IfllO
ing of the Sixty-ninth and Eioiity-hixtii Rcj^inients,
Sixth and Twelfth Madras Native Infantry, ike, ike,
Sec, and on arrival at the Island of Iloderigucz, Lieut.-
Colonel Keating, of the Fifty-sixth Regiment, assumed
the command, having with him a detachment of the
Fifty-sixth, and some Bomhay Sepoys. The land
force was divided into three hrigadcs ; the first hrigade
was commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Hastings Fraser,
of the Eioiity-sixtii, with Lieutenant Michael Creagh,
brigade-major ; and the second brigade was under
Lieut.-Colonel Drummond, of the same corps, with
Lieutenant Richardson, brigade-major.

The van of the expedition, consisting of the
Eioiity-sixth Regiment, one hundred and eighty
rank and file of the Sixth Madras Native Infantry,
a small detachment of artillery, and fifty pioneers,
under Lieut-Colonel Fraser, of the Eighty-sixth,
with difficulty effected a landing at Grand Chaloupc,
about one o'clock on the 7th of July. On gaining the
shore, the light company of the Eighty-sixth, under
Lieutenant Archibald Mc Lean, supported by the grena-
diers under Captain Lanphier, dashed forward to drive
back parties r ♦" ,he enemy's riflemen, who kept up a
harassing fire, and to secure possession of the heights ;
which servu'c Nvas performed with great gallantry. The
other part of the regiment having landed, pressed for-
ward to the heights above St. Denis, and, as the sun
was setting, approached to within range of the enemy's
batteries. The violence of the surf had become so
great that the other divisions could not land, and the
Eighty-sixth, in consequence, fell bac v to the heights,
where they were joined during the night, by the Sepoys,
pioneers, and artillery, with one 4^ inch howitzer.

At four o'clock on the morning of the 8th of July,
the Eighty-sixth commenced descending the moun-

HISTORICAL RECORD OP

1810 tain, leaving the Sepoys on the summit to defend the
rear ; their advance-guard was soon discovered by the
enemy's post, and at day-light the regiment was assailed
by a heavy fire of cannon, mortars, and musketry ; at
the same time some of the enemy's riflemen attempted
to gain the road on its right. The light company, sup-
ported by the grenadiers, and followed by the regiment,
descended the mountain at a running pace. Two
columns of the enemy, having each a field-piece, and
being supported by the heavy guns of the redoubt,
opened a sharp fire of grape and musketry ; but, as the
Eighty-Sixth arrived on the plain, they closed on
their adversaries with the bayonet. This spirited con-
duct decided the contest ; the opposing ranks, unable
to withstand the shock of steel, faced about and fled.
Their commandant, M. de St. Luzanne, escaped with
difliculty, and their second in command was wounded
and taken prisoner by Captain Lanphier.

The enemy attempted to re-form behind the parapet
of the redoubt, but they were pressed so closely by the
grenadiers, that they abandoned it, leaving a brass six-
pounder behind, which v;as immediately turned against
themselves. The haulyards of the flag-staff^ in the
redoubt were shot away, but Corporal William Hall, of
the Eighty-sixth, climbed the staflF under an inces-
sant fire of round-shot and musketry, and fixed the
King's colour of the regiment to it. The French
soldiers viewed this daring feat with admiration, and as
he descended the staff unhurt, they raised a loud shout;
at the same time, the seamen of the fleet off" the shore,
who had witnessed the gallant charge, hailed the well-
known flag of the regiment which waved on the
redoubt by a loud huzza, which ran from ship to
ship as they passed; at the same time the grenadiers
of the regiment stormed two batteries, capturing nine
twenty- four-pounders, a twelve-inch mortar, and a fur-
nace of red-hot shot.

THR EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

The position seized was held by the regiment^ the 1810
guns of the captured redoubt answering the incessant
fire of the enemy^ until the arrival of additional troops.
At four o'clock the enemy attempted to retake the
redoubt, but were repulsed with the loss of their com-
manding officer, who was taken prisoner. About this
time Lieut.-Colonel Drummond's brigade arrived, and
the enemy sent out a flag of truce; Lieut.-Colonel
Keating having joined, the surrender of the island of
Bourbon to the British arms was concluded by him.

Colonel Fraser stated in his despatch, " I cannot
" conclude without requesting permission to offer my
" humble tribute of praise to the noble spirit which
"animated every individual of my detachment; from
*• Major Edwards,* who commanded the regiment,
" I received the greatest assistance; Captain Lanphier,
** Lieutenant Archibald Mc Lean, and every officer and
" soldier of the corps, displayed the most ardent
" valour, which must have been conspicuous to the
" whole force off the coast, who witnessed their con-
" duct." *' To Lieutenant Creagh, my brigade-major,
" I was highly indebted for his unremitted exertions
" and attention to the duties of his station, from the
" beginning of the service I was sent on, to the moment
" when he was struck by a cannon ball, while he was in
" the act of encouraging our artillerymen in the redoubt,
" which, I fear, will deprive his Sovereign and his
** country of the services of a most promising officer."

The loss of the regiment on this occasion was
Lieutenant John Grahim Munrof, of the grenadier

* Major Edwards was killed at the storming of Bhurtpore,
under Lord Cumbermere, while in command of the Fourteenth
Foot.

f The Regiment erected a handsome Monument where this
officer fell, with the following inscription: —

" Lieut. John Graham Munro fell near this spot on the 8tli of
8G. D

HISTORICAL BECOKD OP

1810 company, killed during the charge; Major Edward*,
(commanding the regiment,) Captain Lanphier, Lieu-
tenants Michael Creagh, (brigade- major,) Archibald
McLean, Blackball, Webb, and White, wounded; also
three Serjeants, two drummers, and seventy-five rank
and file killed and wounded.

The following statement appeared in regimental
orders on the 9th of July: — " It affords Major Edwards
great pleasure, in having received Lieut.-Coloncl
Eraser's directions, to confirm the appointment of
" Captain Lanphier* to the grenadier company, a dis-

" July, 1810, while charging the enemy, at the head of Hid
" Britannic Majesty's 86th Grenadiers. The Officers of the Regi-
" ment have erected this Monument as a mark of their respect for
** his memory."

This monument having, some years back, suffered by a hurri-
cane, the French officers stationed on the island, (to their honour
be it known,) had it put in a thorough state of repair at thetr
own expense.

* A division of the regiment on marching through Tipperary,
in 1823, halted at the village of Middleton : in the evening the
commanding officer observed the soldiers assembled round a tomb
in the burial ground, with their caps off; on enquiring the cauiie,
a soldier of the grenadiers replied, " Your honour, we are come wp
to see our old captain." On joining the group, he observed tho
tomb of his old and respected comrade, Lieut.-Colonel Lanphier,
and the following words, which had been scratched by the soldleris
beneath the inscription on the tomb-stone, "A Brave SotDiEtt!"
" Please your honour," (the soldier continued) " the Boys of tlie
" company would like to fire three rounds over the grave, and
** would be glad to pay for the powder if your honour will let
" them fire." On the following morning the grenadier company,
which the deceased had gallantly commanded for a number of
years, paid the last tribute of respect to their late captain's re-
mains which was duly appreciated by his surviving relatives, and
also by the villagers. Lieut.-Colonel Lanphier entered the anny
as Ensign in the 10th Foot, in 1798, and was promoted to be LleU'
tenant in the 86th Regiment in 1800, to be Captain in 1806, to
the rank of Brevet-Major in 1810, and of Brevet Lieut.-Colonel
in 1819 ; he retired from the service by the sale of his Commission
on the 30th of January, 1823, being then the Senior Captain of
the 86th Regiment.

THE EIOHTV-SIXTH FOOT.

((
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((
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tinction to which that officer is well entitled for the 1810
gallant manner in which he led the brave grenadiers
to the assault of the redoubt and batteries.

" The conduct of the light infantry under Lieu-
tenant Archibald Mc Lean, has on all occasions been
equally distinguished, and Major Edwards sincerely
laments the severe wound that gallant officer has
received, but trusts he will soon be restored to the
service.

" Major Edwards has great pleasure in confirming
Lieutenant BlackhalPs appointment to the grena-
diers; he regrets the wound received by that officer,
but hopes it will not prevent his joining that com-
pany which he animated by his zeal and example.

" The conduct of the officers, non-commissioned
officers, and soldiers of the Eighty-sixth Regiment,
i;» above all praise; they have fought the enemy with
^very species of disadvantage and deprivation; they

ave borne the latter without a murmur, and their
determined valour has achieved victory. In spite of
every obstacle, they have nobly sustained the cha-
racter of their country, and it will be gratifying to
their feelings to know that their gallant exertions
have been witnessed and applauded by the whole
of the British force off the shore.

" Major Edwards cannot conclude without ex-
pressing his regret for the loss of Lieutenant Munro,
of the grenadiers, and the brave men who have fallen
on this occasion; their memory, however, will long
survive, and be held dear in the recollection of the
regiment. Most sincerely does he regret the severe
wound received by Lieutenant Michael Creagh; but
which, he hopes, will not deprive the service of that
valuable and gallant officer; and he trusts the wounds
received by Lieutenant White, will not long prevent
him joining the corps.

HISTORICAL RKCORD OF

1810 « Corporal William Hall, who hoisted the King's
'' colour on the redoubt, is appointed serjeant for his
" gallant conduct, in the room of Serjeant Millan, killed.

" Private John Moore> of the light infantry, is
" appointed corporal, for hiL gallant behaviour on the
" 8th instant."

The conduct of the regiment was highly commended
in detachment orders by Lieut.-Colonel Keating.

On the morning of the 9th of July, the flank com-
panies of the regiment marched into St. Denis, and
entering the principal battery, struck the tricoloured
flag of France, and hoisted the King's colour of the
Eighty-sixth ; they were followed by the reginicnt,
when the French garrison grounded their arms and
embarked for the Cape of Good Hope.

Representation having been made of the gallant
behaviour of the Eighty-sixth at the reduction of
this island, the royal authority was given for their
bearing the word " Bourbon" on their colours and
appointments, as a mark of their Sovereign's approba-
tion, and to commemorate their gallantry on this
occasion.

Bourbon and the Isle of France had been blockaded
fiome time; the capture of the former emboldening the
British navy, a small fleet ventured within the Isle de
Passe, on the south-west side of the Isle of France,
where one British ship was burnt and sunk, and several
disabled, which gave the enemy a superiority at sea,
when their frigates menaced the batteries of Bourbon.
The " Africaine" frigate arriving from England short of
hands. Lieutenant W. Home, a serjeant, and twenty-
five men of the Eighty-sixth went on board, and this
frigate, and the " Boadicea," having put to sea under
Commodore Rowley, came up with, and engaged, two
French frigates. The " Boadicea" was becalmed astern,
the " Africaine" fought the two French ships until Cap-

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

tain Corbett and one hundred and sixty of his crew were 1810
killed and wounded, when the frigate being a complete
wreck, she struck her colours, but Commodore Rowley
coming up with the " Boadicea/' the enemy made sail,
and the shattered frigate was towed into St. Paul's.
Only three of the soldiers of the Eighty-sixth
escaped; six having been killed, and Lieutenant Home
and seventeen wounded.

In September, the 'i Ceylon" frigate, having Major-
General Abercroraby and staff, also Lieutenant Clarke
and twenty-five men of the Eighty sixth, on board,
was captured by the " La Venus" French frigate, after
a severe action, in which both ships were dismasted;
but Commodore Rowley appeared in the * Boadicea,"
re-captured the " Ceylon," and took the " La Venus."

General Sir Charles Ross having been removed to
the Thirty-seventh Foot, was succeeded in the colonelcy
of the Eighty-sixth by Major-General the Honour-
able Francis Needham, from the Fifth Royal Veteran
Battalion.

Lieut.-Colonel Hastings Fraser was rewarded for
his conduct before St. Denis on the 8th of July, with
the dignity of Companion of the Bath, the officers of
the Eighty-sixth regiment presented him with a
sword, and those of his brigade, in the Company's
service, with a valuable piece of plate.

The Eighty-sixth were removed to the Isle of igll
France in March, 1811, that island having also been
captured, and were there joined by Ensigns J. Creagh
and J. Grant, Assistant-Surgeon Bell, and a few recruits
from Europe, being part of a detachment which had
been sent to India.

Orders having been received for the return of the 1312
regiment to India, it sailed from Port Louis on the 9th
of January, 1812, and landing at Madras on the 21st
of February, encamped on the South Beach until the

HISTORICAL. RECORD OP

1812 departure of the Thirty-third regiment for England,
when it occupied Fort St. George where Captain Impey
and sixty-eight recruits were awaiting its arrival.

The gallant behaviour of the regiment during the
Mahratta war, and at the reduction of the island of
Bourbon, had been represented to their Royal High-
nesses the Prince Regent, and the Diike of York, then
Commander-in-Chief, who never failed to reward
merit in individuals or corps, was brought to their
notice, and in May, 1812, the royal authority was
given for this corps being styled the " Eighty-sixth,
OR Royal County Down Regiment of Foot;"
at the same time the facing was changed from yellow
to blue, the lace from silver to gold j the Irish " Harp
AND Crown" was placed on the buttons, and the
" Harp'* was added to the distinctions displayed on
the regimental colours.
1814 ^" January, 1813, the regiment commenced its
march from Madras for Goa, but when ascending the
Pada-naig-droog Ghauts, it received orders to proceed
to Vellore, where Lieutenants Jacob and Kirkland,
Ensigns Munro, Mc Lean, Mc Quarrie, Kennedy, and
Mc Loughlin, with two hundred and seventeen soldiers,
joined from England.

Captain Impey, (brevet-major,) and Lieutenant
White, died, in May, much regretted.

At the end of August the regiment left Vellore,
and marched through the Calistry country, a distance
of four hundred miles, to the fort of Masulipatam.
It was overtaken by the monsoon when on the march,
near the Kistna river, and for sever..l days the soldiers
had to wade through the cotton -grouv.ds, which occa-
sioned much illness in the regiment, and the loss of
several men after arriving in garrison at Masulipatam
in October.
. In the mean time the war with France was being

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

prosecuted in Europe with the utmost vigour, and the 1814
strength of the Eiohty-sixth being considerably
above the establishment, in consequence of receiving
volunteers from the militia, His Royal Highness the
Prince Regent was pleased to order a second batta'
lion to be added to the regiment, in February, 1814,
and to bear date from the 25th of December, 1813.

The second battalion wa& formed at Hythe, under
the superintendence of Major Baird; it consisted of
four companiec of fine soldiers, and in March they
proceeded to Colchester, under orders to embark for
Holland; but the abdication of Bonaparte, and the
restoration of peace, precluded the necessity of their
quitting England. The battalion returned to Hythe
in October, and afterwards proceeded to Deal, where
it was disbanded, two hundred and sixty officers and
soldiers embarking for India to join the first battalion.

Previous to this date, a detachment consisting of
Captain Michael Creagh, Lieutenants Home and Perry,
Ensigns Goold, Bradford, Caddell, Henry, and More-
ton, had joined at Masulipatam, bringing the new
regimental colours.

In January, 1815, the left wing marched, under the 1815
command of Captain Williams, for Hyderabad, to join
the force subsidized by His Highness the Nizam, and
arrived on the 2nd of February at the cantonment of
Secunderabad.

On the 11th of September, Major Baird, Captain
Edwards, Lieutenants McLaurin, Webb, Leche, and
Hodson, Ensigns Stuart, Law, Russell, Holland and .
Home, with sixteen Serjeants and two hundred and
thirty rank and file, (the eflfectives of the late second
battalion,) arrived at Masulipatam.

In January, 1816, the head-quarters were removed 1816
to Hyderabad, where they remained nine months, and
afterwards returned to Masulipatam, where Captain

IlirrORICAL RECORD OF

1816 Chadwick had arrived, with forty-six recruits, from
England, in the preceding August.

During the period the regiment was stationed at
Masulipatam and Hyderabad, it performed much severe
duty in consequence of the numerous incursions into
the British territories of the barbarous hordes of pre-
datory horsemen, called Pindareea, whose plundering
enterprises, executed on swift horses, were conducted
so as to baffle the efforts of the troops sent to intercept

181 7 them. In 1817* the right wing at Masulipatam fur-
nished detachments in the field under Captains Williams,
Morrice, and Creagh, in the Ganjam district, on the
banks of the Kistna, and towards Vizagapatam ; the
left wing was also frequei^tly called out ; but the move-
ments of the Pindarees were performed with so much
celerity, that few of these plunderers were captured.

Two of the Nizam's sons rebelled, put several of
his adherents to death, and threatened to depose their
father; when the left wing of the Eighty-sixth, a
battalion of sepoys, and two guns, were ordered to enter
the city of Hyderabad, preceded by two battalions of
the Nizam's regular infantry under European officers,
with two six-pounders. The Nizam's battalions were at-
tacked by the insurgents in a narrow street, and over-
powered, with the loss of fifty officers and soldiers and
one gun. The light company of the Eighty-sixth,
with sixty pioneers under Lieutenant James Creagh,
being in advance recovered the gun, and covered the
removal of the killed and wounded to a square, where
the two native battalions had retreated and taken post.
On the appearance of Europeans, the insurgents dis-
persed; the rebel Princes surrendered and were sent
prisoners to the fort of Golconda, when order was
restored.

The left wing marched for Masulipatam during the
hot season, which occasioned several deaths. On one

THE B101ITY-8IXTI1 FOOT.

occasion, Lieutenant Taylor and two soldiers were in- 181?
terred with difficulty, from the decomposed state of
their bodies, although they had been dead only a few
hours. On another occasion the guides led the column
by a wrong road, occasioning a long and harassing
march, which proved fatal to several men.

The flank companies marched from Masulipatam in 1818
January, 1818, under Captain Michael Creagh, and
with two troops of native cavalry and a company
of sepoy grenadiers, proceeded to Datchapilly, on the
borders of the Nizam's dominions, to protect the fron-
tiers from the depredations of the Pindarees.

Orders for the return of the regiment to England
were issued in 1816, but countermanded in consequence
of the hostile conduct of the Pindarees: they were
repeated in April, 1818, when the regiment commenced
its march for Madras, and when within one stage of
that place, the route was changed to Wallaghabad.
Previous to embarking the regiment was inspected by
Major-General Brown, commanding the centre division,
who expressed in orders, — "To Colonel Hastings
" Fraser, his greatest approbation of the good conduct
" and discipline of the regiment since it had been
** under his command in the centre division, in the
" attainment of which he had been so ably supported
" by the officers of the corps.'*

While the regiment was waiting to embark, the
" Orlando" frigate arrived at Madras, from Ceylon,
with an application from the governor. General Sir
Robert Brownrigg, for immediate aid to suppress the
hostile aggressions of the Kandians inhabiting the
interior of the island; the mortality among the European
troops, employed in the interior, being so great, as to
render further aid indispensable. The flank companies
of the Eighty-sixth were completed to one hundred
rank and file each, and embarked on board the frigate

^:m

HISTORICAL RECORD OF

1818 to proceed on this service*; they landed at Trincomalee
on the 12th of September^ and made preparations for
penetrating the interior, during which time Major
Marston was taken ill.

From TrincQjnalee the flank companies of the
Eighty-sixth sailed, on the 18th of September, under
Captain M.Creagh, and landing on the 21st, encamped
near the fort of Batticoloe, where the sick men of the
Nineteenth and Seventy-third Regiments, sent from the
interior, were dying fast j a hundred had been buried
close to the tents of the Eighty-sixth, and several
deaths occurred daily.

On the 25th of September, the flank companies
of the regiment again embarked in open boats, and pro-
ceeding during the night up the lake, landed on the
following day at Mandoor, from whence they marched
through thick jungle, thirteen miles up a gradual
ascent, exposed to heavy rain, to the Mangalar river.
On the 29th they traversed twelve miles of uncultivated
ground, fording several streams, to the post of Chinna
Kandy, commanded by Lieutenant Robinson, of the
Nineteenth Regiment, whose detachment was suffering
severely from ague and fever.

Fifteen miles of rugged country, covered with under-
wood destitute of roads, and infested with wild ele-
phants, were traversed on the 1st of October, to the
post of Kataboa, commanded by Captain Ritchie, of the
Seventy-third Regiment, who had buried nearly a
hundred men of his detachment at this place, and of

'* List of officers who served against the Kandians.

Major Marston commanding.

Grenadier Company, Captain, Michael Creagh; Lieutenants,
William Home, David Bradford, Andrew Russell.

Light Company, Captain, Archibald Mc Lean ; Lieutenants,
James Creagh, P. P. Goold, and Edward Caddell ; Assistant Sur-
geon, R. H. Bell.

TUB EIOHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

the seventy Europeans left alive, the captain and 1818
assistant surgeon were the only persons free from
fever. At this place the Eighty-sixth were joined
by seventy rank and file of the Ceylon corps, under
Lieutenant Noonan, who was to act as interpreter and
guide.

The march was resumed on the 3rd of October,
through a wild region, where elephants, buffaloes, hogs,
and deer were seen in abundance, also pea and jungle
fowl, but no human beings, and on the 6th the two
companies arrived at Palwatee, together with Lieutenant
Stuart, of the Ceylon corps, and a chieftain and his
followers, who had joined on the preceding day.

Having arrived in the districts infested by the
insurgent Kandians, parties of the Eighty-sixth, and
Ceylon corps, were out day and night scouring the hills,
and for three weeks the soldiers were actively employed
in the mountains searching for the haunts of the rebel
chiefs, and their followers, — pursuing them from place
to place, — taking many prisoners, — also making seizures
of muskets, bows, arrows, and other military stores.
Private Stanton, of the light company, was seized by an
elephant, which broke his musket, tore off his belts,
and threw him some distance into the jungle, causing
his death. During the absence of the parties, the camp
was attacked, by a body '>f Kandians, in the night, but
the skilful arrangements of the officers in charge pre-
served the soldiers from injury, and the fire of a cohorn
put the insurgents to flight. Captain A. Mc Lean died
from fever, much regretted.

The health of the soldiers suffered from excessive
fatigue, bad provisions, constant exposure to the sun,
rain, and heavy dews, and their legs and feet were
ulcerated with leech-bites, — every pool, stream, bush,
and blade of grass being infested with leeches, which
obliged the officers and soldiers to march barefoot,

IIIMTOniCAL HKCORD OP

1818 with their trousers cut off at the knee, that they might
detect the leeches. Sickness increasing rapidly, and
all the Coolies, — natives of India who accompanied
the troops to carry provision, ammunition, &c., — being
attacked. Captain Creagh marched his men from the
low country, to the hilly districts, taking post at
Hotpeira, where Lieutenant Goold, with a small de-
tachment, had erected a shed, and collected a supply of
grain and cattle.

Lieutenant Goold proceeded with as many sick
as means of conveyance could be procured for, to
Badula, where the camp was frequently attacked in the
night by the wild elephants, the tents, huts, and sheds
destroyed, and several natives and followers killed;
but the soldiers all escaped unhurt.

Detachments were constantly employed day and
night searching out the haunts of the insurgent chiefs,
and making many captures, including the crown, jewels,
horse, and favourite elephant of the Kandian king.

Overthrown in every rencounter, and chased from
place to place with diminished numbers, the Kandians
lost all hope of success ; the leaders in the insurrection
tendered their submission, the lower orders followed
their example, and tranquillity was at last restored.

In the mean time the eight battalion companies of
the regiment had arrived at the island of Ceylon, but
their services not being required, they returned to
Madras, leaving one company at Trincomalee.

The services of the flank companies of the Eighty-
sixth being no longer required, they were relieved by
the Ceylon corps, and marched to Badula, where, in
garrison orders, dated the 19th of November, the
following order appeared: — "Colonel McDonell per-
" forms a pleasing duty in bearing his public testimony
" of his entire approbation of the good conduct and
" patience, which, (under so many trying difficulties,)

TIIR EIGIITY-8IXTH FOOT.

"have distinguished the detachment of the Eighty- 1818
" SIXTH Regiment. lie requests Captain Creagh will
" be pleased to convey to the officers and men, his un-
" qualified thanks for their services, &c., &c."

From Badula the two flank companies, reduced to
five officers, two serjeants, two drummers, and sixty-
six rank and file, commenced their march on the 20th
of November; the periodical rains had set in, and
the rivers were so full and rapid, that much diffi-
culty was experienced. On arriving at Kataboa, Cap-
tain Ritchie's detachment was found nearly annihila-
ted. At this place an elephant was pro'^ >red, to con-
vey the stores and men across the rivers; and the
march was continued to Chinna Kandy, where tl'e
military establishment was found in a state of r ,in.
Lieutenant Robinson had left the post sick, — the three
Serjeants had died, — the defences were destroyed by
the wild elephants, — the building containing the ^ -o-
visions was washed away by the rains, and th'i few
surviving men were unable to move : with much diffi-
culty a small supply was recovered from the wreck, for
the use of the detachment.

From these statements, some idea may be formed
of the vicissitudes of actual service, the casualties of
climate, the privations and sufferings which chequer
the career of those who embrace the military pro-
fession, and the sacrifice of valuable life by which
colonial possessions are acquired and retained, and
many national benefits obtained and p x-r /.rved*.

After a march of ten days, exposed to almost
incessant rain, the fiank companies arrived at Mandoor,
where they halted forty-eight hours to recover, and
afterwards sailed down the lake to Batticoloe, from

• See Preface.

HISTORICAL RECORD OF

1818 whence they were directed to inarch, through a low
flat country almost covered with water, to Trincomalee,
instead of proceeding thither hy sea, as had been
expected.

Two canoes and the elephant were sent forward;
the men proceeded forty miles in boats along the coast,
then landed and marched ten days, through a country
almost covered with water, with scarcely sufficient
ground to rest upon. The tents were destroyed by
the wet, and abandoned; the elephant proceeded in
advance, feeling for the rivers ; the canoes, conveying
the sick, were dragged by Coolies and soldiers wading
in the water, and in this state the two companies
reached Cottiar bay, on the 18th of December. Boats
being in readiness, they embarked for Trincomalee,
and with difficulty crossed the bar; soon afterwards
the wind changed, the sea became rough, and it was
found impracticable either to prosecute the voyage, or
to return across the bar with leaky open boats. With
much danger and difficulty they gained a rock in the bay,
where the soldiers passed the night, huddled together,
menaced with being swept oflf when the tide arose, and
destitute of provisions and fresh water. The wind and
rain abating, they again embarked on the following
morning, and on arriving at the inner harbour, were met
by the boats of the ships of war, which had been cruizing
for them, but were unable, from the roughness of the
weather, to rescue them from their perilous situation,
on the preceding night. On passing the "Orlando"
frigate, the seamen cheered, but the soldiers gave a feeble
response. On landing, twelve men were sent to the
hospital, four lieutenants, one serjeant, two drummers?
and forty-seven rank and file, under Captain Creagh,
in rags, their feet and legs bare, and ulcerated, emaci-
ated and tottering from exhaustion and hunger, entered
the fort ; the pitiable remains of two hundred picked

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

the

men, who marched out only three months before, 1818
forming two fine flank companies equal to any service.

On landing, Lieutenant William Home, found his
brother. Ensign Home, dead in the hospital. Ensign
Home belonged to a battalion company of the regiment,
part of which was detached at Minnery, — a most un-
healthy post, where nearly all the non-commissioned
officers and soldiers had died.

Two days after the arrival of the flank companies of
the Eighty-sixth, from the interior, a General Order
was issued, in which the Commander of the Forces in
Ceylon expressed his "acknowledgments to Major
" Marston, Captain Creagh, and to all the officers and
" soldiers of that distinguished corps, for the gallant and
" important services rendered 1 »y them in suppressing the
" Kandian rebellion, at the same time, he cannot con-
** ceal the deep regret he feels at the severe loss which
" has fallen on the detachment, and the death of a gal-
" lant officer. Captain Archibald Mc Jjcan, and many
" brave soldiers."

General Sir Robert Brownrigg also states, "Captain
" Creagh's gallant and most useful services in the com-
" mand of the flank companies of the Eighty-sixth
" Regiment, during the Kandian war, under very trying
" circumstances, was such, as to entitle him to the
" favourable notice of His Royal Highness the Com-
" mander-in-Chief, and to the best commendation I can
" bestow on him."

On the 15th of January, 1819, the detachment i gig
embarked, and, after putting to sea, was driven back by
contrary winds, but landed at Madras, on the 5 th of
February, and joined the regiment at Poonamalee, on
the same evening. The health of the party was not re-
established, and Lieutenant Caddell, Assistant- Surgeon
Bell, and several soldiers, died after their arrival at
Madras.

HISTORICAL RECORD OF

1819 The period for the return of the regiment to Europe,
having arrived, the following statement appeared in
General Orders, dated Madras, 6th March, 1819, —
" The Lieut.-General has traced with gratification, the
*' well-earned tributes of applause, bestowed by succes-
" sive governments, and commanders, in commendation
" of the numerous instances of gallantry and efficiency
" displayed during the active and varied service in
" which His Majesty's Eighty-sixth, or Royal
" County Down Regiment of Foot, has been engaged
" since its arrival in the East Indies ; and Colonel
**^ Eraser, the ofl&cers, and men, are requested to accept
" His Excellency's thanks for the correct and orderly
" conduct of the corps."

In general orders by government, dated the 20th of
March, 1819, it was stated, —

" The meritorious conduct of His Majesty's Twenty-
fifth Light Dragoons, and Eighty-sixth Regiment
of Foot, in every situation where they have been
employed during the long period of their services in
India, has been brought under the notice of govern-
ment, in a particular manner, by His Excellency the
Commander-in-Chief, as establisi i't^.^ for them strong
" claims to its consideration ; and the honourable men*
" tion which has been made by his Excellency the
" Commander-in-Chief, has been coupled with the ex-
" pression of his Excellency's wish, that their services
" may meet with the same acknowledgment, on their
approaching departure, as, in general orders, dated
27th August, 1805, and 11th October, 1806, marked
tho close of the distinguished career of His Majesty's
" Seventy-fourth Regiment, and Nineteenth Light
'' Dragoons, then returning to England ; concurring
" entirely in the commendations which His Majesty's
" Twenty-fifth Light Dragoons, and Eighty-sixth
" Foot, have received from the Commander-in-Chief,

((

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

" and entertaining the same high sense of their merits 1819
" and services, the Governor in Council is pleased to
" extend, to the officers of those corps, the indulgence
" recommended by his Excellency, and, accordingly,
" directs that a donation of three months' full batta be
" passed to them on the occasion of their embarkation
" for Europe."

Five hundred and sixty non-comm'ssioned officers
and soldiers having volunteered to remain in India,
transferring their services to other corps, the remainder
of the regiment sailed for England in April, and in
October anchored off the Nore, where the ship was
placed under quarantine, Lieutenant John Campbell
and several soldiers having died during the voyage.

On the 23rd of October, the regiment landed at
Gravesend, after an absence from England of tiventy-
three years and four months, bringing back only
fwo individuals, Major D. Marston and Quarter-
Master R. Gill, who embarked with it in June,
1796, the latter as a private.

The regiment joined the depot companies at Can-
terbury, where Lieut -Colonel John Johnson succeeded
to the lieut.-colonelcy, on the promotion of Colonel
Eraser, C.B., to the rank of major-general.

During the winter, the regiment marched to Chiches-
ter, sending two companies to Brighton, and in April,
1820, it was removed to Weedon and Northampton, 1820
where two hundred and fifty recruits joined from Ireland.

In February, 1821, the regiment proceeded to 1821
Chatham ; in October it embarked at Bristol, for Ire-
land, and, after landing at Waterford, occupied quarters
at that place, having nine detached parties, until April,
1822, when the head-quarters were removed to Naas, 1322
and in July, the regiment occupied Richmond barracks,
Dublin.

From Dublin, the regiment proceeded, in May, 1823, 1823
86. E

HISTORICAL RECORD OF

1823 to Athlone, and in October to Armagh, where the
authority of His Majesty, King George IV., was received
for bearing the word "India" on the colours and
appointments, "in consideration of the distinguished
" conduct ox the regiment during the period of its ser-
" vice in India, from the year l79i^j to the year 1819."

1824 In March, 1824, the head-quarters were removed to

1825 Newry; in January, 1825, the regiment proceeded to
Naas; in June it was removed to Clonmel*, and in

1826 the spring of 1826, it marched to Buttevant, — furnish-
ing numerous detached parties. On quitting the
south-west district, Major-General Sir Charles Doyle
expressed, in a letter to the commanding officer, his
" entire satisfaction " at the conduct of the regiment,
while under his orders.

1826 Lieut.-Colonel Johnson retired on half-pay, and was
succeeded as commanding officer, by Lieut.-Colonel
Maliett, 0. B., from the Eighty-ninth regiment.

In the autumn, the regiment was formed into six
service, and four depdt companies, preparatory to its
embarkation for the West Indies f. In October, the

I -^V

* At Clonmel, the regiment lost a fine young officer, Lieutenant
Frederick Close, whose body was found in the river Suir, together
with the body of a young lady named Grubb. The cause of their
melancholy fate was never ascertained.

t Names of the Offtckks who proceeded to the West Indies,
in 1026:—

In the *' Princess Royal," — Lieut.-Colonel J. W. Mallet ; Cap-
tains Robert Crawford, Jaines Creagh ; Lieutenants Francis Kear-
ney, Lewis Halliday ; Ensign Robert Mayne ; Adjuir.nt Jolni
Dolman ; and Surgeon A. Cunningham.

In the " Waterloo,"— Cap^aiw R. B. Usher; Lieutenants P.
North, F. H. Dalgety, Lewis Grant ; Ensigns James Galwey, J.
B. Selway, E. Davis, and W. Johnson.

In the " Thetis," — Major Michael Creagh : Captains Alexan-
der McLean, R. B. Wolseley ; Lieutenants J. Grant, J. Mclntyre ;
and Quarter-Master J. Jerome.

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

service companies proceeded to Cork, leaving the dep6t 1826
under Captain Stuart^ at Buttevant, and embarking on
board the « Princess Royal," " Waterloo," and "Thetis,"
transports, sailed for Barbadoes, from whence they were
ordered to Trinidad and Tobago, to relieve the Ninth
Regiment, which was about to return home. The
retirement of Major Baird occasioned Major Michael
Creagh to return from the West Indies, to take com-
mand of the depot.

At Trinidad, the regiment occupied the Orange- 1827
Grove Barracks, until the completion of the new bar-
racks at St. James's. During the year 1827, Ensign
Selway died at Tobago, and the loss by deaths, at the
two islands of Trinidad and Tobago, amounted to
three Serjeants, forty rank and file, and eleven soldiers*
wives.

In January, 1828, the regiment was relieved by the 1828
first battalion of the Royal Regiment, and proceeded to
the island of Barbadoes, where Adjutant Dolman, three
Serjeants, and fifty-six rank and file, died of fevers con-
tracted at Trinidad and Tobago.

The regiment remained at Barbadoes during the
year 1829; in January, 1830, it was removed to Antigua, 1^29
St, Kitts, and Montserrat. 1830

On the 2nd of December, Major W. Richardson
died at Antigua, univcsally regretted by the officers
and soldiers of the regiment, who testified their regard
for his merits, by erecting a monument to his memory
in the church of Newry, County Down. He 'vas the
last of the three brothers who served with disti.i.ction in
the coi'ps.

In March, 1831, the slaves of Antigua, being 1831
opposed to the abolition of the Sunday market, set fire
to several plantations, when a strong fletachment was
sent to protect the town of St. John's, wliere it remained
until traiiquillity was restored.

HISTORICAL RECORD OF

1832 Colonel Mallet, C.B., after having assumed charge of
the civil government at St. Lucia, died at that island, very
much regretted by the regiment ; and was succeeded, in
Fehruary, 1832, by Lieut.-Colonel Michael. Cuf.agh,
from the half-f)ay, whose services are recorded in tlie
preceding pages.

In the spring of this year, His Mivjeisty, Xinr
William IV., was graciou ly pleased to approve of the
regiment beai*ing on its crdours and appointaients the
Irish " Harp and Cbown^' and the motto ** Quis
Sep A R ABIT ?^' the harp and crown only was sissumeil
when the corps obtained the title of Royal Couxty
Down Regiment.

.During.; this year, detachments were employed in
(ViKitrollira; the disposition to violence evinced by the
slave-pcpulatioii at Tortola, Barbuda, and other places.

Om die decease of General the Earl of Kilmorey,
the c()lonelc;y of the regiment was conferred on Major-
General William George Lord Harris, K.C.B. by com-
mission, dated 3rd December, 1832.

1833 ^" February, 1833, the regiment was removed to
Demarara and Berbice, with detached companies at
Fort Wellington, Mahaica, and Fort D'Urban.

Lieut.-Colonel Sir Michael Creagh, K.H., arrived
from England, on the 1st of March, bringing with him
the new colours, presented to the regiment by the late
Earl of Kilmorey, bearing the " Harp and Crown '*
with the motto " Quis Separabii ?" also the " Sphinx,^'
and the words " Egypt, " Bourbon," " India ;" —
distinctions reflecting honour on the corps, and calcu-
lated to stimulate the youthful soldiers of the regiment
to emulate the noble example of their predecessors.

1834 The regiment remained at Demerara and Berbice
during the years 1834 and 1835.

1835 In December, 1P35, Major-Genera' Lord Harris
was appointed to the Seventy-third Ki ^iment, and

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH FOOT.

Major-General the Honourable Sir Frederic Cavendish 1835
Ponsonby, K.C.B.^ was appointed to the colonelcy of
the Eighty-Sixth Regiment. This officer was re-
moved to the Royal Dragoons, in March, 1836, and was 1836
succeeded by Major-General James Watson, C.B.

From Demerara and Berbice, the regiment was re-
moved in May, 1836, to Barbadoes.

On the 20th of February, 1837, the regiment was 1837
inspected, preparatory to its return to England, by
Lieut.- General Sir Samford Whittingham, who stated
in a letter to Lieut.-Colonel Sir Michael Creagh, that
he had " reported the Eighty-sixth, as about to em-
" bark for England, after ten years' service in the West
" Indies, in a state of hardy, soldier-like efficiency, fit,
" if necessary, for immediate service in the field : a
" circumstance alike creditable to the commanding
" officer and to the corps." On the embarkation
of the regiment, on the 21st of March, the follow-
ing appeared in general orders: — " The Lieutenant-
" General Commanding the Forces, having in person
" witnessed the embarkation of the Eighty-sixth
" Regiment this morning, it gives him sincere satis-
" faction to express in general orders his acknowlge-
" ments of the soldier-like and orderly manner in which
" it was conducted. The arrangements were perfect,
" and the whole proceeding reflects the highest credit
" on Lieut.-Colonel Sir Michael Creagh, the officers,
" non-commissioned officers, and soldiers, of the Royal
" County Down Regiment. They carry with them the
" Lieut.-General's best wishes for their future honour
" and welfare."

In May the service-companies arrived at Chatham,
having sustained a loss of five officers, and two hundred
and niir^ty-miie soldiers, during the period they had
iv on absent ir>m Great Britain, and bringing back

",n

four hundred and twentv-four eifective men. The

HISTORICAL IlKCOlin OF

1837 (lep6t companies arrived at Chatham from Ireland, on
the following day*.

On the 24th of May, Lieut.-General Watson was
removed to the Fourteenth Foot, and was succeeded
by Lieut.-Oeneral Sir Arthur Brooke, K.C.B.

In June the regiment marched to Weedon, where
it was inspected on the 8th of August by General Lord
Hill, Commanding-in-Chief, who expressed to Lieut.-
Colonel Sir Michael Creagh, in front of the regiment,
his approbation of the highly efficient state of the
corps, after so long a service in the West Indies.

After the inspection, the regiment marched into
Lancashire, and occupied Salford-barracks, Manchester,
detaching one company to the Isle of Man. During
the Chartist disturbances, the Eighty-sixth were
much employed, and frequently received the thanks
of Major-General Sir Charles Napier, and Colonel
Wemyss.

1838 In April, 1838, the head-quarters and flank com-
panies were removed to Stockport, in Cheshire ; but

1839 returned to Manchester, in June, 1839; and in June,

1840 1840, the regiment embarked at Liverpool for Ireland,
and landed at Belfast; in September it was removed to
Dublin.

1841 The regiment was employed in the summer of 1841,
at Templemore, Clonmel, Cork, and other pbces, aiding
the civil power in the preservation of the public peace,
during the election of members of parliament, and were
particularly thanked for their conduct and forbearance.

* State of Loss : —

Triiiidiid nu<\ Tohngo .... 42

hnrhfuhtnH ...... 71

Antigua, Hi. Kift«, Montmsirat, and Tortola 72
UritiHh (jluiuim . , . . .114

200

LlGIiry SlXfT! (THR hOTAL COCKTY DOWN) liEGIlIENT OF KoOT.

Jftj

THE BlOHi ^IXTII FOOT.

The regiment received orders to form their dep6t 1841
companies preparatory to proceeding on service.

The Gazette of January 7> 1B42, announced the 1842
exchange of Lieut.-Colonel Sir Michael Creagh, K.H.,
with Lieut.-Colonel Derinzy, K.II., of the Eleventh
regiment.

At the period of the conclusion of this record, the
Eighty-sixth, or the Royal County Down
Regiment, is under orders again to proceed to India.
Although comparatively a young corps, it has per-
formed much valuable service to the country in all
quarters of the globe; it had not the good fortune
to serve in the Peninsular War, in which so many
corps acquired honorary inscriptions ; but it has earned
distinctions for its colours, which furnish a powerful in-
centive to perseverance in the path of duty and honor
to all who may have their names recorded in the books
of this distinguished regiment.

1842.

SUCCESSION OF COLONET.S

THE EIGHTY-SIXTH,

THE UOVAL COUNTY DOWN REGIMENT Ob'

FOOT.

Cornelius Cuyleu.

Appointed ^th October ^ 1793.

CoRNRMvs CuYLER was appointed enyip;!! in the fifty-fifth
foot, on the Slat of May, 17^9, and, immediately proceeding
to North America, joined his regiment before tho fort of
Ticonderago, on the west shore of Lake Champlain, in July
of the same year, in time to take part in the reduction of that
post. In I76O ho served at tho reduction of Isle-aux-Noix
and at tho capture of Montreal, which completed the con-
quest of Canada. In 1764 he was appointed captain in the
forty-sixth foot, with which corps he served two years on
the frontiers of North America, one year at New York, and
eight in Ireland. On tho breaking out of tho American war
in 177^, he was appointed first aide-de-camp to Licutenant-
General Sir William Howe, who proceeded to Boston with
reinforcements. In 1 776, ho was promoted to major in the
fifty-fifth, but continued to perform the duty of first aide-de-
camp to Sir William Howe, then commanding in chief in
North America, and served at the reduction of Long Island,
the capture of New York, and the battle of White Plains.
He also accompanied the expedition to Pennsylvania in 1777,
and served at the battles of Brandywinc, and Germantown,
and in November of that year he succeeded Colonel Meadows,
who was removed to tho fifth foot, in the lieutenant-colonelcy
of the fifty-fifth, which corps he commanded in the retreat
from Philadelphia to New York in 1778, and was at the

8UCCEMIUN UV COLUNULC.

1)AttIu uf Freehold, under Liuutennnt^CKtiieral ii'w Henry
Clinton. In Novenihcr of tliftt year lio proceeded with his
rej,'inient to tho West Indies, nnd was enjraged in the eapturo
of 8t. Lucio. IIo performed tho duties of ' djutniit-gcneral
to tho troops in tho West Indies, under Mnjor-General
CMiristie, in 1781; ho afterwards perfoniiod tho dtities of
quarter-master- general in tho West Indies until 17^4 when
ho returned to England, and took tho command of his regi-
ment, then in Ireland. In 17^7 ho was appointed to tho
situation of quartermaster-general in tho West Indies, which
ho held imtil 17^2, when ho succeeded to tho command of
tho forces in tho Windward and Leeward Islands. lie com-
nuinded an expedition against Tobago, and, having captured
the principal fort by storm, on tho morning of the 15th of
April, 17^3, tho island submitted. Returning to England
soon afterwards, he was promoted to thu rank of major-
general, and appointed colonel of tho Eioiity-sixtii Regiment,
then first raised, and styled " Cuyler's Shropshire Volunteers."
IIo was also placed on tho staff of Great Britain, and in
April, 1794, ho obtained tho appointment of lieutenant-
governor of Portsmouth : in Juno of that year ho was removed
from tho Eiohty-sixth to tho sixty-ninth regiment. In
June, 1796, ho was appointed commander-in-chief in tho
West Indies, with the local rank of lieutenant-general ; in
January, 1798, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-
general in the army, and returned to England in May follow-
ing. In Juno he was appointed to the conmiand of tho
tSu»sex district ; and in January, 17^9, he was nominated
couiii4|j^der-in-chief in Portugal, — the government of that
country having refused to ratify a treaty of peace with
France, and agreed to receive British troops into the jiorts :
he returned to England in November, the greater part of tho
troops being sent to the Mediterranean. The rank of general
was conferred on this distinguished officer in 1803; he was
also appointed governor of Kinsale, and, in July, 1814,, ho
was further rewarded with the dignity of Bauonet.

General Sir Cornelius Cuyler, Banmct, died at St. John'ti
Lodge, Herts, on the 8th of March, 1819, after an honourable
service of sixty years.

SUCCESSION OF COLONELS.

Russell Manners.
Appointed 20th June, 1794.

This officer was appointed cornet in the royal regiment of
horse^guards, in May, 17^*^; captain in the seventh dra-
goons, in February, 1758, and in April, 1 760, he was pro-
moted to the lieutenant-colonelcy of the twenty-first dra-
goons, or royal foresters. He served in Germany under
Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, and, at the peace in 1763,
when the royal foresters were disbanded, he was appointed
lieutenant-colonel of the second dragoon guards. On the
breaking out of the American war, in 1775, he was appointed
colonel of the nineteenth light dragoons, — then newly raised ;
in 1777} he was promoted to the rank of major-general, and,
in 1782, to that of lieutenant-general; in 1783 his regiment
was disbanded. The colonelcy of the Eighty-sixth foot
was conferred on Lieutenant-General Manners in 1794 ; in
1795 he was removed to the twenty-sixth light dragoons,
and in I'iifO he was promoted to the rank of general.

On the 23rd of May, 1800, as General Manners was riding,
accompanied by two other gentlemen, in a post-chaise, to
Cambridge, he was stopped by two highwaymen, who de-
manded his money, when he shot one dead on the spot, and
the other rode off. In September of the same year, he was
residing at Southend, for the benefit of his health, and, hav-
ing a presentiment of his approaching death, he set off for
London, alone, to obtain medical advice, but he was taken ill
on the road, and died at an inn, at Billericay, in Essex, on
the 11th September, 1800.

William Grinpield.

Appointed 25th March, 1795.

William Grinpield was appointed ensign in the third
foot guards, in 1760 ; he was promoted to the rank of lieu-
tenant and captain in 1767? to that of captain and lieutenant-
colonel in 1776, and in 1782 he was promoted to the rank of

SUCCESSION OF COLONELS.

colonel in the army. In 1786 l>c obtained the commiRsion of
second major in his regiment. He commanded the first bat-
talion of the third foot guards, under His Royal Highness
the Duke of York, in Flanders, and evinced great personal
bravery and ability on several occasions, particularly at the
siege of Valenciennes, and at the re-capture of the post of
Lincelles on the 18th of August, 1793, for which he received
the thanks of the Duke of York in general orders. He had
been appointed lieutenant-colonel of the third foot guards a
few days before this action occurred, and in October of the
same year he was promoted to the rank of major-general.
In 1795 he was rewarded with the colonelcy of the Eighty-
sixth foot; in 1798 he was promoted to the rank of lieu-
tenant-general, and at that eventful period he was called
upon to transfer his services to the West Indies, with the
important appointment of commander of the forces in the
Windward and Leeward islands. On the renewal of hos-
tilities with France in 1803, he commanded an expedition
against St. Lucie, and, having captured the fort of Mome
Fortune by storm on the 22nd of June, the island submitted.
He landed on the island of Tobago on the 30th of June, and,
by a spirited advance upon Scarborough, forced the French
General, Berthier, to surrender. He captured the islands of
Demerara and Essequibo, from the Dutch, on the 19th of
September, and Berbice, in a few days afterwards. On the
25th of September he was promoted to the rank of general.
He died at Barbadoes on the 19t.h of October, 1803, of the
yellow fever, surviving his lady only three days. It is re-
corded, that a short time before he left England for the West
Indies, Mrs. Grinfield's brother died, leaving them JE20,000 ;
the general, finding two cousins of the deceased were left
unprovided for, observed to his lady, that, as themselves pos-
sessed an ample fortune, he purposed making provision for
the unfortunate relatives ; she readily assenting, he sent for
them, and divided the whole legacy between them.

SUCCESSION OF COLONELS.

Sir James Henuy Craio, KB.

Appointed 5th Januari/^ 1804.

James Henry Craio obtained a commission of ensign in
the thirtieth foot on the 1st of June, 1763, and he served
with his regiment several years at the fortress of Gibraltar,
In March, 1771, he was promoted captain in the forty-seventh
foot, with which corps he served in the American war. Tha
forty-seventh were at Boston when hostilities commenced;
they took part in the actions at Concord and Bunker's Hill
in 1775, and in 1776 they served in Canada. In December,
1777, Captain Craig was promoted major in the eighty-
second regiment, then serving in America, and in 1781 ho
obtained the lieutenant-colonelcy of that corps, from which
he was removed, in 1783, to the sixteenth foot. In I7OO ho
was promoted to the rank of colonel, in 1794 to that of
major-general, and in 1795 his services were rewarded with
the colonelcy of the forty-sixth foot. In 1801 he was ad-
vanced to the rank of lieutenant-general, and was removed tu
the Eighty-sixth regiment in 1804. On the 25th of March,
1805, he was appointed commander-in-chief in the Mediter-
ranean, with the local rank of general ; he was also honoured
with the dignity of a Knight of the Bath, and nominated
governor of Blackness Castle; in 1806 ho was removed to
the twenty-second regiment. The services of General Sir
James Craig were afterwards transferred to British North
America, of which country he was appointed governor, with
the local rank of general in Upper and Lower Canada, dated
the 21 st of August, 1807- In 1809 he was removed to the
colonelcy of the sevent3''-eighth highland regiment, or Romh-
shirc buffs. On the Ist of January, 1812, he was prouioled
to the rank of general in the army, which he only held a fyw
days, his decease occurring on the 12th of the same month.

&in Charles Ros&, Bart.

Appointed 30th October, 1800.

Charles Ross, son of Admiral Sir Lockhart Rohh, ut
Balnagown, Bart., who signalized himself during the Mcvctt

SUCCMSaiON OP COLON KLS.

years' war, obtained a commission of comet in the seventh
ilragoons, in January, 1780, and in May, 17^4, he was
promoted captain in the third Irish horse, now sixth
dragoon guards, in which corps he remained three years,
when he was advanced to the commission of major in the
thirty-seventh foot. On the 16th of March, 1791, he was
promoted to the lieut. -colonelcy of his regiment, and ho
performed the duty of commanding officer several years with
reputation to himself and advantage to the service. lie
afterwards took an active part in raising the hundred and
sixteenth regiment, but this corps was disbanded in 1796.
On the 18th of June, 1798, he was promoted to the rank of
major-general, and to that of lieut.-general, in October, 1805.
In December of the same year, he was appointed colonel of
the eighty-fifth foot, from which he was removed, in October,
1806, to the Eighty-sixth, and in June, 1810, he was
appointed to the thirty-seventh regiaient. He was en-
dowed with many amiable qualities, which rendered him an
ornament to his country ; he was emin'.'ntly useful in every
relation which connected him with society, particularly
courteous in public life, and affectionate and valuable as a
friend. He died at Balnagown Castle, in the county of Ross,
on the 8th of February, 1814.

The Honorable Fuancis Neei>ham.

Appointed 25th June.^ 1810.

The Honorable Francis-Jack Needham, third son of
John, tenth Viscoimt of Kilmoroy, choosing the profession of
arms, procured a commission of cou.'^'; in the eighteenth
dragoons, on the 17th of December, 1762; in February,
1765, he .-as removed to the first dragoons, in which corps
he obtained a lieutenancy in 1771, -T^nd in May, 1774, he
was promoted captain in the seventeenth dragoons. Ho
accompanied his regiment to North America, in the spring of
1775, and served at Boston under Lieut.-General Gage ; he
also served at the capture of Long Island under Geni^ral
Sir William Iff- we, and received, with his regiment, the
thanks of the Commander-in-Chief, for his conduct at the

SUCCESSION OK COLONELS.

battle of Brooklyn. He also served in the actions at Whito
Plains, and in the Jerseys; afterwards proceeded to Phila-
delphia, took part in several skirmishes in Pennsylvania, and
in covering the retreat to New York, in the performance of
which service he was engaged at Freehold. He was subse-
quently stationed in the lines in front of New York, where
he was taken prisoner by the Americans. In August, 1 ^&),
he was promoted major in the seventy-sixth Highland regi-
ment, then serving in America, with which corps he shared
in the contest until the peace. In February, 1783, he was
promoted to the lieut.-colonalcy of the hundred and fourth
regiment, and six weeks afterwards he wai appointed cap-
tain and lieut.-cohmel in the first foot gaards; he was
nominated aidr de-camp to the King in 17^3, with the rank
of colonel. In 1794 he was appointed adjutant-general of
the expedition to the coast of France, under Lieut.- General
the Earl of Moira; and in 1795 he was appointed third
major in the first foot guards, promoted to the rank of
major-general, and placed on the home staff. He was sub-
sequently detached, second in command to Major-Gen*raI
Doyle, with Monsieur Compte D' Artois and his suite, to tak<>
possession of Isle Diou, which place the troops maintained
so long as the navy could afford them protection. An ap-
pointment on the staff of Ireland was next conferred on him,
and he commanded a body of troops during the rebellion in
1798; he was at the battle of Avklow, on the 9th of June,
and commanded a division at Vinegar HilJ, on the 21st of
June. He continued on the staff of Ireland until April, 1802,
when he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general. He
had previously been appointed lieut. -colonel in the first
foot guards (Slst of August, 1801,) and in April, 1804, he
obtained the colonelcy of the fifth veteran battalion. In
1806, he was elected member of parliament for Newry, and
ho sat for that borough in four parliaments. He was ap-
pointed colonel of the Eighty-sixth Regiment in 1810, and
took great interest in the reputation and welfare of his corps :
in 1812 he was promoted to the rank of general. On the
decease of his brothor Robert, in 1818, he succeeded to the
dignity of Viscount Ktlmorey. Large and influential

SUCCESSION OP COLON KLS.

estates in Ireland were bequeathed to liim by a distant rela-
tion ; and in January, 1822, he was advanced to the dignity
of Earl op Kilmorey and Viscount Newry and Morne, in
the County Down, Ireland. This excellent and patriotic
nobleman died at his seat of Shavington, in Shropshire, on the
21 st of November, 1832, much regretted, particularly by his
numerous tenants in Ireland, to whom he had evinced greaC
kindness.

William George Lord Harris.

Appointed 3rd December, 1832.

Removed to the seventy-third regiment of foot, 4th
Drcember, 1835.

The Honorable Sir Frederick Cavendish Ponsonby,
KCB., GCMG., KCH.,

Appointed 4th December, J 836.

FoNORABLE Fredf'iick Cavendish Ponsonby, third son
of Frederick, -shird Earl of Besborough, was appointad comet
in the tenth ctragoons, in 1800, and rose, in 1803, to the
commiMion of captain in the same corps, from which ho
exchanged to the sixtieth regiment, in 1806. In 1807, he
was appoii ted major in the twenty-third light dragoons, at
the head of which corps he distinguished himself at the battle
of Talavera, in 1809, and was promoted, m 1810, to the
lifutenant-colonelcy o^ th<^ regiii»nt. In 1811 he served
under Lieut.-0«»neral Grahanri at 'adiz : and at the battlo of
liarossa, in Miach of that year, he attackod, with a squadron
of (fprman dragoons, the Frendb cavalry covering the re-
treat, verthrew them, took two guns, and even attempted,
though mainly, to na^e R'-imciin- battali'ms. On the 11th
of Juno, 1811, he yr*m appointee' iTfcUt.-colonel of the twelfth
light dnigoons ; at U^ head of which corps he served under
Lord We)^'«gton, and '^wttnguisfacd hin)8elf, in April, 1812,
at Llercn.'i «i one of ts*; nK«t brilliant cavalry actionff during
the war. At the battle of JWlamanca he charged the French
infantry, broke his trm'^d m the figlit, and hip horse received
several bayonet wowdk He repeatedly evinced ^eat judg-

SUCCESSION OF COLONELS.

.^' .

!(■-

I i

ment, penetration, and resolution in tho out-post duty, and
was wounded in tho retreat from Burgos, on the 13th of Oc-
tober, 1812. At the battle of Yittoriahe again distinguished
himself: his services at Tolosa, St. Sebastian, and Nive were
also conspicuous; and, on the king's birth-day, in 1814, he
was promoted to the rank of colonel in the army. He com-
manded tho twelfth light dragoons at the battle of Waterloo,
where he led his regiment to tho charge with signal intre-
pidity,— received sabre cuts on both arms, — was brought to
tho ground by a blow on the head, — pierced through the ba*^ k
by a lancer, — plundered by a tirailleur, — ridden over by two
squadrons of cavalry, — and plundered a second time by a
Prussian soldier; but afterwards recovered of his woimds.
His services were rewarded with the foUowinfr marks of
royal favour : — Knight Companion of the order of tho Bath, —
Knight Grand Cross of tho order of St. Michael and St.
George, — Knight Commander of the Hanoverian Guelphic
order, — a cross, — a Waterloo medal, — Knight of the Tower
and Sword of Portugal, — an-1 Knight of Maria Theresa of
Austria. In January, 1824, he was nominated inspecting
field officer in the Ionian Islands ; he was promoted brigadier-
general on the staflf of those islands, in March, 1824; and in
June, 1825, he was advanced to the rank of major-general.
He was removed to the staff of Malta, and retained the
command of the troops in that island until May, 183.5. In
December, 1835, he obtained the colonelcy of the Eighty-
sixth Regiment, from which he was removed to the royal
dragoons in the following year. He was an ornament to his
profession. In him, military talent was united with the most
chivalrous bravery, — calm judgment,— cool decision,— resolute
action, and modest deportment. He died on the 10th of
January, 1837.

James Watson.

Appointed 3Ut March, 1836.
Removed to the fourteenth foot, 24th May, 1837.
Sib Arthur Brooke, KCB.
Appointed 2ith May^ 1837-

London : Harbison anu Co., Printbrs, St, Maktin's Lanb.

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