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Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est filmd d purtir de I'angle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche i droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images n6cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 TllK SCOTT ACT m PEOHIBITIOlf I THE HOPE OF CANADA. i( BY REV. I!. WALLACH. TORONTO: WILLIAM BRIGGS, 78 k 80 KING STltEET EAST. MONTREAL : (;. W. C'l>ATE.S. II.VLIFAX : S. K, Ill'KSTIS. 1885. ^i^^^^^^^^i^^^^^i^?^^^^^^^^,;^ 1^1 National Library Bibliothdque nationale of Canada du Canada THE SCOTT ACT AND PROHIBITION THE HOPE OF CANADA. i-: BY REV. R. WALLACE TORONTO: WTT.IJAM TlTfTanS! 70 *• an VTXrn aTpuuT pact MONTREAL : C. W. COAXES. HALIFAX : S. F. HUESTIS. 1885. THE SCOTT ACT AND PROHIBITION THE HOPE OF CANADA. The writer has made the subject of Temperance a special study for more than forty years, and was asked in December, 1884, to prepare a paper for the Toronto Ministerial Association, on " The Scriptural Argument for Prohibition." In that paper I have shown that there is a manifest distinction made in the Word of God between intoxicating and unintoxicating liquors, and that the use of the former is always forbidden ; that the wine made by our Lord at Cana, and used by Him at the Passover, was unintoxicating, and also the wine prescribed medicinally for Timothy. That paper was published this year in the Canada Cihzen, the organ of the Alliance, at No. 8 Kinir Street East. ^ In that paper the medical question is also noted, and the subject of prohibition is fully discussed, also in my tract entitled " The Lesson of Statistics, or Facts and Figures on the Temperance Question." If there be a demand for that paper, which takes a wide range, it may be published in a tract form for general circu- lation. Meantime, I have been requested to publish this sequel to it, which arose out of the discussion which then took place. I the more readily comply as I believe it is fitted to help on the Scott Act victories throughout the land. The Senate has renewed its oVio •-»■»/% ■Pill n i- ^ y> ..%» w> i. ~ X~ J i. i1 r^ ■ ■ . . - ' . .--iiwiiiviiii auvcuiptcs ijkj uuKiroy tne ocott Act, by again replacing their light-wine and beer amendments ; and it IS feared that the House of Commons may be led to • adopt the same. If so, we warn thern that the conse- quence will be the political death of those cowards or traitors who seek thus to continue the wholesale mur- der of our people, and to perpetuate the unutterable woe caused to women and children by that accursed traffic. We would remind our legislators of the very stroncr condemnation of that action of the Senate by all the representative courts of all Evangelical Churches in Canada, and of their warm approval of the Scott Act ; and these bodies represent the great majority of the leading people of Canada. And we would call on all the Christian people of the Dominion not to rest till the Scott Act be carried in most of our constituencies, as a step towards prohi- bition, and then to demand of our legislators, v/ho are only the servants of the people, to enact a good Pro- hibitory Law. All that I have said in these papers of prohibition relates equally to the Scott Act, which is local prohi- bition, and is intended to prepare for a general law for the whole Dominion. Let us mark every man that stands in the way of saving the people of our country from this greatest curse of the age. It may be well to notice a few of the passages which seem to be opposed to the views we have set forth. Thus, Prov. xxxi. 6 : " Give strong drink to him that IS ready to perish," etc. Some think that in the phrase "ready to perish " there is allusion to the Jewish prac- tice of administering a potion of strong mixed wine to criminals, for the purpose of deadening their sensibility to suffering. But the allusion, if such, is a sanction, and even a command, and the pious mind must revolt from the thought of a Scripture exhortation to make men drunk and unconscious at the approach of death The great Exemplar, w^hen about to die, was offered wme mingled with myrrh, but He. refused it. Could the Spirit that is in Christ ever have testified adversely to thi3 ? Can intoxicating drink, in any caso, be pro- perly recommended as an antidote to trouble ? Hannah did not think so (1 Samuel i. 15 ; cf. James v. l;i). Any rendering of the passage which will accord with morality and religion, must exclude from the initial word, TENA, the idea of a connuand. It may be read, "It is not becoming for kings and princes to drink wine and strong drink, lest they forget the law, though should such drink be given to the afflicted, they will simply drink and forget their own cares, and become unconscious of their own misfortunes." The gram- matical concord supports this view, for it is not " give wine and strong drink to the afflicted, and make them forget their troubles," but it is, " Give them wine and strong drink, and the afflicted one will drink (yis-teh) and he will forget (yishkekh) his distress." This style is common in all languages, as in the proverb, " Give some an inch, and they will take an ell." This may be defined the logical imperative, in distinction from the ethical.— (Dr. R. F. Lees.) Or it may be taken as a permission to give wine medicinally. There are cases of general suffering and distress, when wine may be administered with salutary effect. The Samaritan gave it to the wounded traveller, and Paul prescribed it for his " beloved son in the faith." Many a sinking spirit may be revived, and for^ t his misery under a well-timed restorative. The rule laid down here is. Give not wine to those that are well, in order to gratify their palate, drown reason, and debauch the soul, but to those that are' ready to die, in order to soothe and relieve them. In their case, it may deaden the pain, quicken the action of the heart, and lead to restoration. Give the suffering what they need; if they need wine as a restorative, give it. — (Bridges, Dr. Thomas, Sic.) At most, this is a permission to give wine MEDICINALLY. Give them, if at all, to the perishing, who will find in them oblivion from their sorrows. The whole passage may be viewed as a, double declar- 6 ation : " Intoxicatirii,' liquors are not fit for those who are to thinlc and act for others," and "intoxicating liquors are only fit for those who wish to lose the power of thinkinrr and actin^r for themselves." Can any stronrrer condemnation he passed upon intoxicat- ing; compounds of every name? With a voice of inlinite pity, the Son of God addresses the afflicted and distressed, "Come unto me all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest." (Matt, xi. 2(S.) 2. There are some who think that our Lord and His Apostles must have used the fermented wine of Pales- tine, because it is said of the Apostles, by the unbeliev- ing and mocking Jews at Pentecost, " those men are full of new wine." (Acts ii. 13-15.) The .Jews wished to evade the proof of the resurrection and ascension of Christ, afforded by the miraculous gifts of the disci- ples, by ascribing them to the effects of intoxication, even as they had previously ascribed the miracles of their Master to Satan. Philo, who lived at this time, says, that " the most sober persons, abstainers, when under the influence of a holy inspiration, seem to others to be in a drunken state; and do, indeed, exhibit some of the external appearances of nervous inebriation."— (0*1 Drink, s. 30.) It is the form of the slander that occasions the difficulty. The term used is gleukos, which properly means the freshly expressed juice of the grape, called " must," i.e., " new " or sweet " wine." This " sweet wine," the juice of the grape, preserved in all its original sweetness, could be ob- tained at any season of the year. "That gleukos was a term specially descriptive of the juice of the grape in an unfermented state, and answered in Greek to the Latin mustum, is certain." -(Dr. F. R. Lees, Temperance Bible Commentary.) The term gleukos 1 -^'v '-"-^iv'u^-u oTTccu juiuc \tvnx\, iijtu nui» uiiuurgone any change, such as fermentation. It was also applied to wine whose sweetness was preserved by boiling and bottling it, and keeping it at a low temperature. Here it is applied to a wine which, though sweet, was also fermented. Why ^ >^^^>"v/v yeaiiy. ni© losing that honourrbMae^e alt^Mo^^^^^^^ "' to laws enacted for the eneouragLent of Tht "% light wines, the oonsumptZ^Zsfl^LThf greatly increased, and this, as always hLl^^f ^^ increase in the use of stronger lianoUZ ''i-*'"' so that the Swiss are satd by sJme to beT: *""'.' drunken nation on earth F,(„„ *• ■ *"* ""^' Sweden, yet in 1854 the n.Vf ^'T. '' general in 14 wine and beer, has greatly increased in the Unitet* States. In 1840 four gallons of alcoholic drinks, in- cluding cider, were consumed per inhabitant ; and to- dajf twelve gallons are consumed per inhabitant — that is, the use of liquors has increased three times as rapidly as the population ; and beer-drinking has in- creased in the last ten years four times as rapidly as the population. The use of wines has increased four times as fast as the population in Canada during the last eight years ; and distilled spirits has increased two and a quarter times as fast as the population in the United States, and in Canada four times as rapidly during the same period. (" The Voice," New York.) Our own continent affords abundant ^vidence of the danger that must attend the general use of fermented wine. Mrs. Stevens, a leading lady of San Francisco, at the Con- vention at Old Orchard, Maine, in August, 1884, stated that there were 10,000 drunken boys under 18 years of age in California, ruined by the wine grown and manufactured in that State, and similar to the wines of France. She said that California was a wine- cursed State. This shows how great the mistake of those who hold that if we introduce the use of wines instead of whiskey and rum it would do away with drunkenness. Mrs. Stevens gave a case as representative of hun- dreds that occur through the use of California wine. A lad of fifteen, the only son of a widow, and of a gentle disposition, was induced by his companions to drink wine till he became intoxicated, when a drmken brav/l occurred, and a police officer went to seize some of the rioters. One of the lad's companions, an older and wickeder person, put a loaded pistol in his hand and directed him to shoot the police officer. Without knowing what he was about he did so. He was imprisoned and condemned to be hung. His mother got up a petition which was largely signed, I 15 and with that petition she called on the Governor and • pleaded on her knees for the pardon of her son, and told him that her poor boy was not aware of what he was doing, as he was drunk and made so by his com- panions. All in vain ; the law must take its course. Mrs. Stevens called on the poor lad, and he wept bit- . terly and asked must he die for that when he knew not what he was doing ? Yet he was hung, and the poor mother left to mourn over his dreadful fate. If any of us who are parents had to go through that awful ordeal would we not vow an eternal hatred to the Tiquor traffic, even in light wines and beer ? ' And such is the danger to which every boy is ex- posed. None are safe while saloons are open, and they have companions to entice them. They may ^ »e brought up ever so well ; but as soon as they are out of sight of parents there are harpies seeking their ruin. How many young men well brought up in our best families are being thus ruined in all our cities ! Their companions entice them to a billiard room in connection with a saloon well lighted and fitted up, and there they have a game of some kind ; and of course they feel bound in honour to pay for it by drinking at the bar. There is no charge for the use of the billiard table, but they are expected to drink. One says to a youth, well brought up in temperance principles, " Come and have a drink." He replies, "No, thank you, I don't drink." " You don't drink ? — non- sense — it will do you no harm." He declines, and then they ridicule him, and ask what a green one he is, and point the finger of scorn at him, and ask if he is still tied to his mov ^r's apron ; and then they con- tinue to gibe and mock until, ia nearly all cases, they win him over, and he drinks and goes down to ruin. All this shows that entire prohibition is the onl""" effectual remedy. Mrs. Stevens gave a very interesting case to show hoT!^ the people of California carry out prohibition in cer|iai» places. A Christian gentleman !iH 16 bought a large tract of land, and resolved to sell it out to temperance peop^ only, and not to allow a saloon on the property. He knew of a woman in Canada whose husband had become a drunkard, and had re^ duced his wife and family to beggary by his drink She and her husband did so, and he was reclaimed saved money, and became prosperous. Bye and bve a saloon-keeper got hold of a corner lot that w^ left out some way, and set up a saloon. This Canadian woman went to him, and offered him $5,000-~all thev had m the bank-if he would remove. But he eplie^ that he would not that he had a license from the thr/5 00o"V"1. T^^-^ke more by his Saloon than $5 000. Her husband was induced to sell a load of potatoes to the paloon-keeper at a high figure, and he asked him to have a dram. But hi refused and said he was a teetotaller. The saloon-keeper 'sa?d, O have a glass of soda-water." The saloon-keepe^ took care to Put a « stick " in it, and the alcohol went to the reformed drunkard's brain, a^ the murderous wretch intended and the poor man became like a tiger that had got the taste of blood. He drank till he became drunk, and abused his now heart-broken wife Then the boys began to visit the saloon, and the neighbours saw that this must be stopped some way They offered to buy out the saloon-keeper, but he set them at naught, and defied them to do anything. The" told him he must leave. He went off to the countv town to get the sheriff to defend him. They ffathereJ men, women and children, with ropes, and the children first seized the ropes, then the women, and last the men, and drew the saloon away beyond the district When the owner came with the sheriff; the sheriff said he could do nothing. He could not seize a whole • Au ./' —~ ""-;-" -^"^i-^^^cpci. liiiu to leave. This is the way to deal with saloon-keepers when thev can- not be got nd of otherwise, even as men would deal 17 with a man spreading leprosy or cholera. Preserving men from present and eternal ruin is of far more im- portance than mere forms of law. The liquor dealers make a great deal of the benefit the country derives from the revenue from liquor, and some of them affirm that by losing this revenue Canada would lose from $8,000,000 to $10,000,000 ! Now, in the spring of 1884, I obtained the official returns from Sir Leonard Tilley , and according to them the revenue from liquors was' in round numbers, $5,200,000. In my pamphlet, " The Lesson of Statistics," written for the Alliance, I showed that the cost of the liquor traffic, directly and in- directly, was at least $52,000,000, and thus ten times as much capital is wasted by the country as the rev- enue amounts to. We may illustrate this loss to the country by supposing that it cost the lawyer or doctor $10 to collect every dollar of his fees. We may be sure that they would soon refuse their services at such a losing rate. There has been a great falling off in the consumption of liquor of late in Great Britain, and a consequent loss to the revenue of several millions of dollars. But the wise and great statesmen there rejoice in it, because they know there will be a beneficial falling off in the expenses for restraining crime, and in the general growth of the wealth of the community, which will far more than compensate for the tempor- ary loss of revenue. The Anti-Scott Act Herald gives the direct cost of liquor in Canada at $27,000,000. It is probably over that amount. I reckoned the direct cost to the country of the liquor at $26,000,000, and the indirect cost at the same amount— that is by the loss of capital and labour, destruction of property through drink, charges on the country through pauperism, sickness, insanity and premature death, tra.ceart.tc to npiMir • oryA +k« «««4. ot police, courts of justice, support of criminals, etc. Now, several leading men reckoned the cost of the Uquor traffic in Britain in that way. And the late 2 . 18 Hon. Wm. E. Dodge, Senator from New York and according to the Rev. Joseph Cook, perhaps the best authority m the United States, reckoned in the same |1 ,400,000 000, and about the same amount in Great iiritam. The leading authorities now give the direct $900 000 000^"'*'''^ ^^^^""^ ^ ^^^'' $800,000,000 or Mr. Tassie asks, How could Canada lose yearly $02,000,000 and yet be fairly prosperous ? We rerlv by asking. How could the United States lose 26 times as much yearly and yet not be utterly ruined ? Doc- tors know that some strong patients can bear a great deal without succumbing altogether. The reasoning ot that gentleman on political economy is simply plausible special pleading, fitted only to throw dust into the eyes of those willing to be blinded. How palpably absurd and deceptive to place liquor on the same plane with clothing, whether silk or woollen » All men of common sense and common honesty know and admit that both food and clothing are necessary for nians well-being; but all the best medical and chemical authorities declare that alcohol in any form is not a food, but a poison which may be used like many other poisons, medicinally at times, but should • lif^x^fi. ® ^^^^ ^ ^ beverage. Baron Liebig declares that there is more nourishment in the smallest quantity of .flour than in a gallon of beer. It is simply a stimu- Jant as the bloated and unhealthy appearance of beer- drmkers prove, for they can scarcely survive the slightest scratch or accident. Were Dr. Chalmers livinff he would be greatly grieved at the complete and criminal misapplication of his reasoning, in a way that he never designed, to uphold the greatest system of ^aee and crime now existing in Christendom, that sends millions to eternal ruin, and brings unutterable suffer- ing on ajl related to them. It is welj known that you If) f. can inake any great writer toach what you please, ])y taking a paragraph out of the context which explains its import. I would warn such men to beware of the curse which a just and holy God has declared against those that make evil good, and that stand in the way of the salvation of men. Our Lord when on earth denounced a solemn woe against all such leaders of the people whc, by their perverted teaching, mislead men to their eternal ruin. Whether Mr. Tassie's statistics about the population of Vineland be correct or not, is of no consequence whatever. All competent and can/lid persons— judges, magistrates, prison chaplains, etc.— have declared for years past that the use of intoxicants IS the chief cause of vice and crime (of at least three- fourths of the crime) throughout Christendom, and all honest and competent men believe it to be so, all cooked statistics to the contrary notwithstanding^ Now, in opposition to this perversion of all right views of political economy and moral philosophy, I hold that society is formed on the principle that every man is bound to seek subsistence for himself in such a way as not to interfere with the rights or happiness of others. The farmer, the labourer, the merchant, the mechanic, and the professional man, all benefit society while providing for their own household. But this is not the case with liquor dealers. They enrich them- selves by the impoverishment and destruction of others, and by inflicting very great injury and very heavy burdens on society. It would be far better,as a matter of mere political economy, if the liquor were all destroyed. Society would be the gainer every way. Even the loss of the labour of the army of drunkards is a very heavy loss to the community. If we reckon the number of drunkards in Britain and the United States at 800,000 and allow Onlv JiR.500 for t^anh aa iha. ,rol„^ ^* 4.1, „ l^^l ot their labour, which would be a moderate calcula- tion, as many of them are men of education and ability, whose earnings might add five or six times as 20 : iriucf. tu tlio wealth of tlie country, and tin ro has been loHt »40'*^,'^*^9,386 as the yearly cost to the country of the jjqi* iraf^ c. If we deduct $5,200,000 iOr revenue, we h v-. j./,,iil ovej ^08,000,000 far worse than thrown away ye.riy. If it was thrown into the sea it would be a simple loss of so much wealth, but as 21 it is, it entails habits upon thousands that drag them- selves and others down to ruin, both temporal and eternal (1 Cor. vi. 11). Now, suppose we reckon the drunkards of Canada at only 30,000, and the loss of the labour of oach at $500, this would be a loss of 815,000,000 yearly, or about three times the amount of the rovenro for that one item. We have shown that, *.,ccordinnr to Wm. Hoyle, M.P., Britain spends about $700,000,000 directly upon intoxicants, or about twice as much as on bread, and that the yearly loss to the country is nearly double that amount, and this while she only gives for Christian missions about $5,000,000 ; and at least $800,000,000 is spent in the United States, while her people only .give about $4,000,000 for the conversion of the world. In view of the poverty and sufferings of the people in these lands, and of the duty of all Christians to obey the command of Christ i.0 devote their means to the conversion of the world, may we not ask, Is it right for professing Christians to allow this evil traffic to stand in the way of the conversion of the people- in Christian and in heathen lands ? Can Christians be seeking to attain the chief end of life— the glory of God and the good of their fellow-men— while they allow such a state of things to exist in the most Christian nations of the earth ? Tell it not in Gath, publish it not in the streets of Ascalon, lest the scoffing enemy rejoice fi't the hollow or heartless pretensions of Christians to have any regard for the will and glory of their ascended Lord, while not prepared to make this paltry sacrifice for His sake. Such a state of things in Christian lands is enough to make professing Chris- tians who uphold such u ruinous traffic, blush with shame before God, as it has caused earnest Christians who have had thftir RVRS nnpnori fn woan biffovl^r ^^A cry, How long, O Lord, wilt thou allow thine own people, while upholding this traflic, to cherish the fear- 22 i I ful delusion that they are walking in the footsteps of Him who died to save and rescue the lost ? Prohibition, then, is the only effectual remedy for this great evil. The license system has been tried in England for over 400 years, and has proved an utter failure. England has suffered much from the liquor traffic, and her great statesmen have tried many methods to cure or to restrain the evil. Hundreds of Acts have been passed to this end. But her statesmen did not propose prohibition ; their general idea was : make the trade respectable, and you lessen the evil, — put on high license, and you drive low characters out of the trade, and the evil will be diminished, if not removed. They forgot that the evil is not in the man that sells the liquor, but in Hhe liquor itself, and however respectable you make liquor dealers, the same effects will flow from it. It was as if they should set the Archbishop of Canterbury at the head of *the tra- ffic, and say : It will now be so respectable that its evils will be done away. No; license only respectable houses, and you entice respectable people to them all the more certainly, and ensure their ruin more effect- ually, for they are thrown off their guard thereby. When prohibition was introduced into Maine, the keeper of a leading hotel in Portland said it would not pay to keep open his house without the bar. A friend asked him was the bar needed for the boarders ? No, but for outsiders, the young men of the community who spert their evenings in the hotel. Would it be right to open a bar in an hotel to entice in the young men to learn to drink to their ruin ? In England they did not think of prohibition until it was adopted in Maine, in 1851. Since then, and especially within the last twenty years, they have advocated it there also — Sir AVilfrprl T-p w^ann line Kvr»n rrV* f if nr» in fV»o ITrxtiar^ r\f Commons year after year. At first only thirty voted for it, and the members generally laughed at him. He said, " Let them laugh that win ! " and he has con- f 23 tinued to bring it up year after year. And now, they do not laugh at him, but the liquor dealers see that it is becoming a serious matter, and that it will win in the end.' Yea, in 1883 he carried a motion requesting the Government to introduce a Local Option Law, which has not yet been done. General Neal Dow has greatly contributed to this result, by showing what prohibition has done for Maine. What, then, have been the results of prohibition in Maine ? There is far less liquor used there than there was before prohibition. High license has been found to be a failure : it will not put down drunkenness. It makes it respectable and increases it. The Rev. Dr. Herrick Johnson says that, in the city of DesMoines, Iowa, in 1871, with the license at $160, there were but twelve saloons ; in 1872, with license at $200, there were twenty-five saloons; in 1880, with license at $260, there were forty-nine saloons, and in 1882, with license at $1000, there were sixty saloons. He also states that, in the State of Nebraska, where prohibi- tion is the general State law, but high license is op- tional, and the local the exception, the fee is $1000. The law was enacted in 1881. In 1882 the record showed 226 saloons ; but in 1883 the record showed a gain of 59. The Hon. H. W. Hardy, ex-Mayor of Lincoln, Neb., and the father of the high license idea, testifies : "There has been no improvement in our saloons." " Gambling and prostitution go hand in hand." "High license has done nothing towards waking up temper- ance sentiment." ("Prohibition the only Remedy," by W. T. Sabine, in the Criterion, February, 1885.) The object of high license was to make the traffic respect- able, and thus to lessen drunkenness. The secret of the success of the Maine Law is, that it drives all will engage in it. Hence it was very difficult to obtain liquor, even before the enactment of the Con- stitutional Amendment, which was carried on the 10th 24 Hm,!rfe V^^t- ^^ " "fJr'*y "* 4*.000, because the liquor had to be concealed and kept in obscure and disreputable places, such as low dives or cellars and back rooms ot stables, etc. ; so that respectable voune men would not think of seeking it in sucHow places, and none but regular topers or slaves of drink IL "* -^^ ^''^^r^ °* '^"'"S ™- And these are chiefly outsiders, sailors and tradir. from foreien lands sln.°i':r\-^r'' T'^^'^t prohibition does noT x"sl tte L^„S ^^'*'°° ^T ^'" f^^^ '" ">« constitution h^U^}! T r^"^""^ "°* *° "•"°^ «"y official to hold office who does not see that the law is faithfully cabled out But even before that enactment the wnter spent several weeks at Old Orchard Beach dnrine several seasons, and had the opportunity of attening a series of conventions of ^?ious k^ds, attended by crowds of people, from 1,000 to 25,000 md of seeing thousands of people passing on about a dozen long trains daily, and yet never saw a peTson ttat appeared to be under the influence of liquo" Whereas he has often met two or three staggering £ce!° " *'''' °* ^°™°*° •" ^ veil *ort Of course, liquors have been brought in on the slv J«ffl„^ ^ ''"''f '", °'^'^«' *° ^i»k at it. But the traflic has been rendered so disreputable by being made Illegal a«d by the low, dark places in which it fs kepT that there has been no temptation held out to respect- able young men to entice them to begin the dSine habit, as IS the ca^e with our well lighted and coS able licensed saloons and hotels. It is now so diffic^t to obtain liquor that good authorities aYBrm that not »oUMon C.' " ri '^''"' *'"'' *«'« ^'^ before prohibition. That, indeed, is success, the sama «= ;„ tne ease of any other law against murder,"theftrete The law may not altogether prevent drunkenness n^ more than any other crime is prevented by law but"t 25 greatly diminishes it. No honest or good man would say that there should be no law against theft or mur- der, because they are not entirely prevented thereby. Prohibition, then, does prohibit. 2. Crime has been greatly lessened by prohibition. Since the Maine Law was enacted, in 1851, many of the prisons have been emptied, and on several occasions, when the courts met in the counties the traditional white gloves have been presented to the officials, because there were no criminals to try. The greater part of the great crimes have been committed at the sea-porte, where there are many visitors or traders from other parts, who carry the liquor with them, and most of the criiiinals belong to this class or to those who use liquor. While attending national and international temperance conventions at Old Orchard, Maine, on several occasions, I heard senators, governors, and sev- eral leading men of Maine affirm that not one-fourth of the crime exists now throughout the counties that there was before the Maine Law was enacted. And yet, in the face of this public statement of the leading men of that State, some persons in Toronto have had the absurd audacity to affirm that crime has been increased by the Maine Law. They don't believe a word of it, for it is contrary to all experience, and to the opinion of all candid persons who have had best opportunities of knowing, and who, merely in the interests of public morality, have declared again and again that more than three-fourths of the great crimes spring from the use of intoxicants. It shows the great straits to which these men are driven, and that they pay no regard to truth in order to bolster up a bad cause. It also illustrates the proverb, " Drowning men catch at straws ! " u. me ovdiW oi iiiaiiie iias oeen greatly enriched by prohibition. General Neal Dow told us last August that a week ' before he met a gentleman who, forty years before, had left Maine for the West, 26 and who had returned for a time, and he said he did not know Maine. When he left' many houses h^ broken windows and old clothes in them, fences were broken down, and farms and other places in a state of neglect and dilapidation, and the ^p^p e d^fed il rags. Poverty appeared everywhere ! Now the neo" it:r ^h " '"'■ '^■""T. '^r' r -^ i«>»3es, which ^:y owned. They were well clothed, and lived well and had money to lend to the western people TrevnTw saved $24,000,000 yearly-which tW before snent on the hqnor traffic, $12,000,000 directlyC th^ eTpen^ all that though Maine is naturally a poor State and has but a small population. Now, ^imil^sIVtog would represent a much larger sum to Ontario. ^ Sf.* • ,rt '^!'"'» Maine was one of the poorest Spates in the Union. Now it is the best off in pro- portion to Its population, and has a large amount of money invested Neal Dow, addressing^many people from the Saco River, declared that Buxton oStftt river, was a wretched place before prohibition, with a tumble-down old church, the homes generally poor fin^ t n'". ™'Tf¥y '^'^''^- Now they^ha^a fine church that would honour a city, and thi people are well-dressed. And so it is all o/er the State^ C fore the Mame Law he visited a miserable place where the people threatened him if he came to advo-' cate prohibition. He saw a fine house painted white and asked whose it was. He was told it belonged to Squire OBryan The outhouses were also vZ fine drlfnT rr, f'"' '" V^'-riage with their servant driving. The ladies wore beautiful silks. The people told h.m they were the wife and daughters of Squire 2lf»7Tj.' " ^y*- *''" ^"'"S'^ «'°'« ''"<1 the saloon where the peoples money was spent. Then he ad- uressea the Door raofo-pH npnnlo Q«ri 4■^^A ii -i» i . he had seen and asked them whose money it wa^ that pamted that house and bam and dressed those ladies 27 so finely? It was their money. Were their wives and daughters dressed in silk, and had they servants to drive them about in fine carriages ? No. And why not? Because they spent their money in Squire O Bryan s saloon, and had to allow their wives to be dressed in rags. The people felt that he was rijrht and some resolved to spend no more to enrich "the saloon-keeper, but to save it for the comfort and well- being of their ov/n families. In like manner, were prohibition carried in Canada, it would greatly add to the general wealth and comfort of the people. 4. No compensation has been given in Maine to the liquor dealers. And no compensation has been given m Britain for losses sustained by various parties as the result of the many changes in the license system there. This is a question that will be discussed and decided by the people of Canada. We hold that the liquor dealers have no right for compensation^ because their business is immoral, and from its very nature brings present and eternal ruin upon thousands of their fellow-men, and should never have been licensed because it is contrary to God's higher law. (Ps xciv' 20; Rom. xiv. 20-21 ; 1 Cor. viii. 11-13; Matt. vii. 12).' . They have no right for compensation, because their business does not benefit the community. Other trades do, as we have shown. But their business in- jures and impoverishes the community. They should therefore give up a business that is the greatest hin- drance to the progress and prosperity of the country. If there were compensation it should surely be re- ciprocal. As a matter of justice, they should be required to compensate the people whom they have impoverished and ruined. They should restore the husbands and fathers they have destroyed, and the broken hearts of wivas n.nrl mnfliavQ +>,« «»:^^j stitutions they have caused to thousands of children, and the comforts they have taken from thousands of homes. If strict justice were administered to them, ,88 tehfecThv 'Ih'"''" •**' "^i'Sfg^ *« g-'in^ they have ob- lamed by the ruin of their fellnw rrpn t^* *i, remember thaUhey will soo^ havelo^ve a^tctn" . to the great Judge of the Universe, whS will reX ?' t2'^ "'^" according to his deeds. Talk indeed of compensation for ceasing to destroy THEiR^mLow: They remind us that the British nation gave com Str tJ\- ''""! r"«^«- The casef Ire n" paraiiel. The liquor traffic inflicts vastly greater in- SanT^nd " • "'''" '^''^''y ^^^' d'd. Suiry drew fiusbands and wives parents and children, cloier to- fc'.'""'^"'^""'''^ "'*'" '° "^^ other. It a so led theT'n^nlf '"i^.'P''?''' ■""""«'• the consolations of the Gospel; and though sometimes separated on earth fuFhr t ' ''"."^ ^'^ S'"'^™"^' 'ook forward w°aw.' hnfws"and rH'''"^' *!^' "'1"°'' ^'0^' brutalizes w ,f* !i **''^''^' *"<1 <=*«ses them to act the part of demons, or of men bereft of reason cniel I v abusing the once beloved wives whom they had v™wed c^ildlen^aC^?.*' •'I? '^'"-"if-g oVerlnder ?Utle fn^„f; J §."'*"■ hves wretched and bringing them to poverty and disgrace, if not to a fatal inherited of the cup of death. And at length, the liquor traffio gm* aXwf j'r *r i"^ ''^""•^-^■^ ^'"h°on'u-d grave and awful eternal doom. No both Gorl nnrl haTiXt "^'ir "<" P^™"«'- The liSuortaffic eveVsWv d^ R ^T'*"" '"S'T^ "" ""'"kind than aw«v ftl^ ". ^f ^es, prohibition does not take Son TZI^ "^ f! H""' <^«'''«^'^- "« the eman! cipation ot the slaves did. Tt woo k^«„„„. xi.--. perty wa. taken from them that's Wo;;7rrS™d" oompensahon. But in the ca«e of proWwS, wT^y^ 29 retain your property, though gotten by the rol.borv of STto ^f ™r"".''^""?^''«^y> be»usVt,^;7on stnted to It, as lunatics might do— and bv the im ^iranvrrt1"j° """"":^' '"' --« "iThis grea"t bus nes^ Zl- ^f "':*-'?«! '" *"""" J»^' »"'l honourable Now M„ V"' "",* ''."•"''''y y*""- fellow-men. JNow, the liquor dealers have a license onlv frnm pubUc ho^d'^h:'",' '-^ -^ """'"S to Then A tl" S th«t th their business as one that needs restraint Tme w'''LP"''"= """y "^f"**" «'at license at any time. We do not propose to hinder families from making home-made beer for themselves, but only from Them o? tie foUv ifl^" 1? '^1 " *° ''^ *"'' Per^»ade B,,Mf t^. 1/ ^'*' ""'• '° ^'^''^^ tliem a better way ^ut If they attempt to murder others, we are bound in obedience to the Divine law, to prevent them even' andtheirTf-IT^^^'^'i'''^- " tl^e liquor dX" and their foolish friends should resolve to resist the l»w them r:^'h '"^ rP'^ "l C-ada mTt'dea^i^t" tnem as with any others who resist the enforcement of the just and necessary laws of the land a. finally, a word of advice to those entraffed in the liquor traffic. Infinite wisdom safth-ffifu^ of none bnf f h A •*" assure them that I am the enemy all ?nfn t^ ?. "^"^ °* *"■ ^n-J I fain would guide all into the pt .hs of peace and happiness, accordW to the commission given me by my Master T «!« tL ough y convince!, by long o'Lse Jva^rr^^that th?D vt; Messing cannot be expected to rest on a business so and eternal well-being of men. An aged Christian man DistrTct "&r"' '.IfT'l' IP '" ^''^ oW NlLgaTa -i^isirict, told me once thafc hp ho^^ ^k. — .^a j.°-_- over sixty years, that those who eigagedTn thelS traffic neyer handed down their ill-|otten gains to the third generation. A blight came Sn it i/some way 30 Often their children became drunkards, and wasted all their earnings, or fire destroyed their property, or some misfortune happened to them. The reason is plain, " the blessing of the Lord it niaketh rich, and He addeth no sorrow." But that blessing cannot be expected by those engaged in such a business ; and without the Divine blessing there can be no true or lasting pros- perity. The whole history of the world and the Church proves this. Then let all who desire the Di- vine favour, and the only true happiness which is in- separable from that, for themselves and their children, avoid having anything to do with a business which strikes at the root of the well-being of mankind, and which seriously hinders the Divine glory and the sal- vation of the world. I will give a few examples of how others have acted, when they became convinced that this traffic was wrong in the sight of God, and inj urious to their fellow-men. Over fifty years ago, and before the prohibition movement, Dr. Lyman Beecher visited Portland, and preached in one of the Congre- gational churches a sermon on the evils of the liquor traffic. One of the leading deacons was a liquor seller, and he was so convinced by the doctor's earnest appeal, that he went home resolved to give it up, and he did so, at a great sacrifice of his own interest financially, though a great gainer as a Christian in the conscious- ness of the smile of heaven resting upon him and his. In Boston there were two partners in the sale of liquors along with groceries. One became convinced that it was wrong, and gave it up, and prospered greatly through the blessing of the Lord resting on his business; and, besides, he became the means of doing much good in the Church — the Lord owning his eflforts for the good of others — and his children did went to the bad — his children took to drink, and his business failed, and all went against him because he stifled the voice of conscience and of God, In like 31 manner, many years ago, a brewer in New Jersey, a Presbyterian elder, became convinced that the traffic was wrong and that it inflicted injury on others, and he poured out the liquor on the ground and shut up the brewery, and refused to sell it to any other, but allowed the property to go to ruin, though it reduced him to poverty. He thus showed a noble spirit and true Christian sacrifice, ready to take up his cross in Christ's name, in thus refusing to profit by money made in such a way. Of old God refused to accept, for the service of the sanctuary, money gained by immoral practices, and He cannot now accept such money. Those who remain in the liquor traffic, and those who uphold it, now that attention has been so long and so faithfully called to the evUs resulting from it, are far more guilty than the men of a former genera- tion, who were not so enlightened on that subject. Our Lord says : " Take heed that the light that is in thee be not darkness." li men now, when the light shines around them on this subject, stifle the voice of con- science, and persist in upholding this real vice of the age, then they harden their hearts thereby against the voice of God calling upon them not to destroy by their traffic those for whom Christ died — even as Pharaoh hardened his heart. And let them beware lest they, like him, bring on themselves the judgments of a just God who will not hold them guiltless. Belle- vue Hospital, New York, reports from five to ten persons daily, the year round, taken there for exam- ination, who have been made insane through intem- perance, and the greater part of them likely to be permanent. " What is still more serious, this class of sufferers has doubled within a year, and is five times as great as it was five years ago." The Report of the Inspector of Prisons and Asylums for Ontario, for 1884, states that thirty-three per cent, of the cases are hereditary, and twenty-two per cent, caused directly 32 «*j,^ piupoiiion or the cases are hpr*>firfoi.Tr iu into the g.e„,.i A'r at Col'ntST tnT^^^ is the inebriety of parents 09 n^f ii F^'^^'P"'^ '^"«« pauperism and insamtV Tnd all rt 7 f "j"' '="™«' trattie. Shall we not demand prohibition ? ^