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f^' 
 
 f. 
 
 v«., 
 
#f ' 
 
 '•HI 
 
 m 
 
 TRAVELS 
 
 
 IN 
 
 NORTH AMERICA, 
 
 BY M. CRESI'EL. 
 
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 ^.- 
 
 TRAVELS 
 
 IN' 
 
 x'^fmmORTH AM ERIC /I 
 
 BY M. CRESPEL. 
 
 
 li'i 
 
 
 WITH A 
 
 NARRATIVE OF HIS SHIPWRECK, 
 
 AND EXTRAORDINARY 
 
 HARDSHIPS AND SUFFERINGS 
 
 ON THE 
 
 b-^ ISLAND OF ANTICOSTI; 
 
 AND AN 
 
 " ACCOUNT OF THAT ISLAND, 
 
 AND OF THE 
 
 S HI PWRECK 
 
 * 
 
 OF HIS 
 
 li:/ MAJESTY'S SHIP ACTIVE, 
 
 l|tt AND OTHERS. 
 
 ^t^K'ilr 
 
 PRINTED BY AND > O R 
 
 fm, wSAMPSON LOW, BERWICK STREET, SOHO- 
 
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 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Some apology may be thought 
 nccclFary for introducing to the 
 pubhc the following Narrative of 
 alranfaclion which happened at 
 ft) diilant a period oi time ; but a 
 recent event, the Shipwreck of 
 Lord Dorcheiler on the Idand ol 
 Anticolli, fuggcllcd an idea that 
 the Public would be dad to re- 
 ceive an account of a {pot on the 
 I Mlobe hitherto little known, even 
 ly name, except to thofc navi- 
 ators who fail up the river of 
 St. Lawrence. 
 
 A The 
 
 ^11 
 
 » 
 
 
 i'\ 
 
 m 
 

 , r 
 
 ; 'f 
 
 ;( 
 
 ( vi . ) 
 
 The Iflandof Anticofli has been 
 long dreaded for fhipwrccks ; as ^ 
 long ago as the year i6go, when ^ 
 Sir William Phipps was returning 
 down the river from his unfuc- 
 cefsful attack on Quebec, a brig 
 of the fleet, with fixty men on 
 board, being feparated from the 
 relt, Itruck on this illand, and the 
 people on board had only time to 
 land their provifions before the 
 fliip funk. The captain and his 
 men, finding they muft inevitably 
 winter on the illand, built a flore- 
 houfe and nine fmall huts, from 
 
 two 
 
 half 
 
 and 
 
 fait 
 
 the ( 
 
 cold 
 
 for c 
 
 docli 
 
 or fo 
 
 thou 
 
 of tl 
 
 their 
 
 at la 
 
 the planks of the wreck, to fhelter ^ 
 
 ^ . tlcn 
 
 them from the cold; but their 
 
 open 
 
 provifions v»' ere fo fhort, that they 
 
 agreed 
 
1 
 
 . has been 
 recks; as 
 go, when 
 returning 
 is unfuc- 
 cc, a brig 
 ' men on 
 from the 
 d, and the 
 
 ( vii ) 
 
 agreed that each man's allowance 
 
 per week fhould be no more than 
 
 two bilbuits, half a pound of pork, 
 
 half a pound of flour, one pint 
 
 and a quarter of pcafe, and two 
 
 fait fifh. It was not long before 
 
 the difmal elfefts of hunger and 
 
 cold began to appear among them, 
 
 for on the 20th of December their 
 
 ^, doclor died, and after him thirty 
 
 lefore the • r , 
 
 ... or torty.morc ma lew wrecks ; and 
 ri and his 
 
 . though they wxre all convinced 
 
 nevitably ^ , ^ r 1 - 
 
 ^^ ot the necellity of keeping to 
 
 their allowance, unlefs they would 
 luts, from ^ 1 n , ., 
 
 al lalt eat one another, yet their 
 
 . ftcrehoufe w^as frequently broke 
 but their t n 
 
 open : an Iriihman once sfot to the 
 that thev 
 ' ^provifions, and eat no lefs than 
 
 agreed . , 
 
 A 2 eighteen 
 
 '■♦4 
 
 SI 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 i 
 
 1> 
 
 i 
 
lli 
 
 t; 
 
 ;!i 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ( 't 
 
 ( viii ) 
 
 eighteen bircuits, which fwcUcd 
 him lo fuch a degree, that he ^vas 
 {breed to have his belly Itrokcd, 
 and bathed before the fire, to 
 prevent its burfling. On the 25th 
 of March five of the company 
 refolved to venture out to fea in 
 their IkiflP, which they lengthened 
 out fo far as to make a fort ol 
 cabin for two or three men, and 
 having get a fmall fail, they fiiip- 
 ped their fharc of provifions on 
 board, and Iteered away for Bof 
 ton; it was the gth of May before 
 thefe poor wretches arrived there 
 through a thoufand dangers, fron: 
 the fea and the ice, and almoi 
 quite ftarved with hunger am 
 
 cold 
 
 ar 
 
 .' 
 I f 
 
ii\ 
 
 1 fwclled 
 lat he was 
 r ftrakcd, 
 I fiic, to 
 n the 25 th 
 company 
 t to fea in 
 zne^thcned 
 a fort ol 
 men, and 
 
 they (liip* 
 v'lfions on 
 y for Bof 
 lay before 
 ived there 
 gers, fron 
 nd ahnof: 
 anger anc 
 cold 
 
 ( i-^ ) 
 
 cold: upon ihcir arrival, a veflel 
 Vv'as immediately difpatched away 
 to the ifland, which in a few 
 weeks brought off their friends 
 who were left behind. 
 
 Soon after the conquefl: of Ca- 
 'nada, an Enghfh fhip, bound out 
 to Quebec very late in the feafon, 
 had likewife the misfortune to be 
 loft on this defert ifiand ; her 
 crew and pafTengers wintered 
 there; endured inexpreffible hard- 
 fnips from cold and hunger, 
 and were indebted for their pre- 
 fervation principally to a cargo of 
 French wine which they had on 
 board, a large quantity of which 
 
 A f( afforded 
 
 I 
 
 (\ 
 
 
i 
 
 ■:h 
 
 i) 
 
 11' 
 
 r 
 
 [ I 
 
 li 
 
 ( X ) 
 
 afforded them fufficient nourilh- 
 ment to fuflain life, when almofl 
 every other fpecies of fuftenance 
 failed. The tranflator has ex- 
 erted hiinfelf to procure a nar- 
 latlve of their fuiferings; but this, 
 IVom the deaths of the perfons 
 who were on board, and no fuch 
 narrative being preferved in print, 
 he was unable to accomplifh. 
 
 The captain and crew of his 
 Majefly's fliip A6live, on board of 
 which Lord Dorchefter and his fa- 
 mily embarked laft year, we re much 
 more fortunate ; they were fhip- 
 w recked at a more early period 
 of the fcafon, and preferved their 
 
 boatj. 
 
 ,b( 
 f( 
 di 
 ol 
 
 h: 
 
 ■^ "^ 
 
nourifh- 
 -n almofl 
 iftenance 
 has ex- 
 ^ a nar- 
 but this, 
 perfons 
 no fuch 
 in print, 
 ifii. 
 
 of his 
 
 oard of 
 
 ihisfa^ 
 
 emuch 
 e fhip. 
 
 period 
 
 d their 
 
 boat. 
 
 ( XI ) 
 
 ,boat, which being fitted up and 
 lent to Ilahfax, a king's fhip was 
 dil'patched, and brought the whole 
 oi the pallengers and crew" away 
 in fafety. 
 
 The folIowingafFefting narrative 
 was pubhihed in France, and writ- 
 ten, in the form of a letter, from 
 M. Crefpel to his brother; and, 
 befides an account of his fufferings 
 by fhipwreck, contains a previous 
 detail of his travels in Canada, 
 and in fome parts of that pro- 
 vince but little known, and al 
 that time but poorly inhabited. 
 
 4^ 
 
 A4 
 
 M. Cref- 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 &■ 
 
 ^' 
 
 *» 
 
 t 
 
 .1 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
Ill 
 
 ^1U 
 
 ■'1 
 
 ( 
 
 ^t 
 
 I't 
 
 It 
 
 
 ( -^ii ) 
 
 M. Crefpel fecm> a man of a 
 religious turn of mind, fometimes 
 bordering on enthufiafm ; and 
 perhaps fome of die readers would 
 have been as well pleafed if part, 
 or all of his refleftions had been 
 omitted ; but as they all arife na- 
 turally from his fubjeil, and fhew 
 a zeal which, in the temper of 
 his mind, v/as iiighly worthy of 
 praife, it was judged befl not to 
 omit them. 
 
 The following defcription of 
 the iQ-ind of Anticolli was drawn 
 up bv Mr. T. WRiGirr, v/ho 
 wintered there, and furveyed the 
 ifland by oru^^M' of <:;ov(rnment. 
 
 The 
 
 « 
 
 lii; 
 
 St, 
 
 rail 
 
 del 
 
 ari' 
 
 ini 
 
 loi 
 
 mi 
 
 eel 
 
 Its 
 
 mi 
 
 its 
 
 T!: 
 
 aci 
 
 tk 
 
 W 
 
 4 
 
\f'^ 
 
 t4l 1 
 
 ( 
 
 XUl 
 
 ) 
 
 
 lan of a 
 lie times 
 n ; and 
 s would 
 if part, 
 id been 
 rife na- 
 id fhew 
 iper of 
 thy of 
 not to 
 
 on of 
 Jrawn 
 
 \vlio 
 :d the 
 mt. 
 
 The 
 
 4 
 
 The Ifland of Anlicofti is fi- 
 liiatcd at the entranee of the river 
 St. Lawrence, between the pa- 
 rallels of 49 deg. 4 min. and 49 
 deg. 53 min. 15 fee. N. latitude, 
 and the meridians of 61 deg. 58 
 liiin. and 64 deg. 35 min. Weft 
 longitude from London, deter- 
 mined by ten obfcrvations on the 
 eclipfes of Jupiter's firft Satellite. 
 Its circumference is 282 ftatutc 
 miles, its length 129 miles, and 
 its breadth from 32 to 12 miles. 
 This iiland contains 1,699,840 
 acres of very indifferent land ; 
 the nature of the foil and natural 
 
 produce as follows : 
 
 The 
 
 m 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 '>M 
 
 § 
 
 n 
 
 I 
 h 
 
 n 
 
ir 
 
 }■ 
 
 .1'; 
 
 
 
 if 
 
 •i 
 
 Ml 
 
 ( XIV ) 
 
 The land in general is com- 
 pofed of a light-coloured ftone, 
 which is of a loft crumbling na- 
 ture, and in fome parts is mixed 
 with clay. After digging to the 
 depth of about two feet, you meet 
 with fmall flat flones, with fcarce 
 any other mixture. 
 
 The fea coalt, from the South- 
 Weft point, to the Weft point, 
 (including Ellis Bay and Obfer- 
 vation River), is in height from 
 20 to 50 feet, and is mollly co- 
 vered with woods to the water's 
 edge. 
 
 Ellis 
 
 
IS corn- 
 ed flone. 
 ^ling na- 
 IS mixed 
 g to the 
 ''ou meet 
 h fcarce 
 
 e South- 
 fl point, 
 1 Obfer- 
 ht from 
 itly co- 
 water's 
 
 ( XV ) 
 
 Ellis Bay aflfbrds the only 
 flicker tor veffels in this large 
 illand, and that but a very in- 
 different one, which would be 
 greatly expofcd to the foutherly 
 winds, were it not for the fiioals 
 which extend from each lide of 
 the entrance, near two thirds of 
 the diflance acrofs the bay, by 
 Avhich means they retard the vio- 
 lence of the fea; but at the fame 
 time, they endanger veflTels in 
 enteriiig the bay with a wind on 
 fliore, by caufing a great fwell 
 on the bar, on which there is but 
 2^ fathoms water. 
 
 
 ': ;''i| 
 
 ■»■' * 
 
 
 EUi 
 
 IS 
 
 A 6 
 
 The 
 
 i 
 
ii 
 
 111 
 
 :1 
 
 f 
 
 ; .!*'■ 
 
 Ill- 
 
 if: 
 
 t, 
 i' 
 
 I! ^ 
 
 ( -^vi ) 
 
 The land at the bottom of this 
 bay is low marfh, and produces 
 fmall birch, and fpruce trees of 
 difrerent forts. 
 
 Obfervation River is the largelt, 
 and runs the greatefl diftance of 
 any in the ifland. We meafured 
 eight leagues up it without de- 
 termining its length. This river 
 is remarkable; for, notwithftand- 
 ing its fteep banks, which in the 
 middle of the ifland are rocky 
 blulTs about loo feet in height, it 
 is fordable almofl in every part, 
 except where it empties itfelf 
 into the fea. The bottom is 
 
 flony^ 
 
 :i 
 
 :i 
 
of this^ 
 oduces 
 rees of 
 
 large fl, 
 mce of 
 afurcd 
 'Ut de- 
 s river 
 fland- 
 n die 
 rocky 
 ht, it 
 part, 
 itfelf 
 )m is 
 flony, 
 
 ( xvii ) 
 
 flony, and the water exceeding 
 clear. This river will admit of 
 fmall veflels at the entrance, and 
 at the time of high water, \vhich 
 is very regidar here at the full 
 and change of the moon, at 2-2 
 hours. 
 
 The entrance of it is formed 
 by two gravel points, which are 
 continually fhifting their fituation 
 in a gale of wind from the weft- 
 ward, fo that at one time its 
 breadth will not be more than 
 20 yards, and at other times 150 
 yards, and in vhe fall of the year 
 is liable to be entirely choaked 
 up, fo as to be impaffablc, which 
 
 really 
 
 ■xi 
 
 ftA 
 
 J 
 
 ;.,''■■ 1 1 
 
 Vv 
 
 
 
 % 
 
 I, 
 
 '::A 
 
 ■1 
 
f 
 
 , '.. 
 
 \. 
 
 ill 
 
 1 ?»■ 
 
 •I' 
 
 r'^ 
 
 hi 
 
 f^ 
 
 
 :,! 
 
 
 It' 
 
 h 
 
 '■i'\ 
 
 ( xviii ) 
 
 really happened when the equi- 
 noctial gales prevailed m the 
 month of September, a few days 
 after we had got our velfel into 
 the river. 
 
 I am of opinion, that the feal 
 fifliery might be carried on here 
 with fome fuccefs in the fpring of 
 the year; thefe creatures, at the 
 time of high water, enter the 
 river in great bodies, and are 
 very careful to be out again be- 
 fore the tide quits them, which 
 might be eafily prevented by a 
 nel properly placed at the en- 
 trance of the river. 
 
 m 
 
•V 
 
 ^ equi- 
 m the 
 V days 
 t:l iiito 
 
 le feal 
 n here 
 ring of 
 at the 
 r the 
 are 
 n be- 
 which 
 by a 
 le en- 
 
 The 
 
 :» 
 
 1 
 
 til 
 
 S 
 
 ( XIX ) 
 
 The Sea-cows frequent the 
 South-Weft point in the fall of 
 the year, but not many in num- 
 ber, and in fuch a place as 
 would render it impoftible to cut 
 them off. 
 
 This ifland is fo well watered, 
 that in the fpace of ev^ery mile 
 round its coaft you will either meet 
 with a fmall rivulet or run of 
 frefti water. 
 
 The land, from the South- We ft 
 point to the taft point, is ctiiefly 
 low heaths of black turf, fuch as 
 is ufed for fuel ; bears no wood 
 for the fpace of one to two miles 
 
 from 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 ► 1 
 
 i 
 
 Kvi I 
 
 m 
 1 1 
 
 11 
 
.1 
 
 'li 
 
 Vi 
 
 f ■ 
 
 li;; 
 f 
 
 n 
 
 
 ' . , 1 
 ( ■ ' I ' 
 
 I:- 
 . ' i 
 
 ( -^'< ) 
 
 from the fca fliore, and contains 
 many fmall lakes ^nd ponds, 
 where a prodigio b number of 
 wild fowl refort in the fpring to 
 breed up their young. 
 
 The land on the North fide, 
 from the Weft point to Bear Cape, 
 is very hilly near the middle of 
 the ifland, and well wooded with 
 birch, fpruce, and pine of a 
 middling lize, the largeft not ex- 
 ceeding iifteen inches diameter. 
 
 Thefe hills, with a gradual de- 
 fcent, form an edging of low grafs 
 land with willow trees along the 
 fea coaft. 
 
 The 
 
 m 
 
 4 
 
( xxi ) 
 
 ■"^7 
 
 ontains 
 ponds, 
 bcr of 
 ring to 
 
 1 fide, 
 ' Cape, 
 Idle of 
 [i with 
 of a 
 ot ex- 
 ^ter. 
 
 il de- 
 
 grafs 
 
 g the 
 
 The 
 
 The illand, from Bear Cape to 
 (he Eafl point, contains fcveral 
 fmall bays, the extreme points of 
 which are high white cHfFs, which 
 lofe themfelves in a regular de- 
 fcent, and form between thern l 
 hne low fand beach, out of which 
 iiTues fcveral rivulets or flreams 
 of frefli water. 
 
 The fruits, herbs, plants, and 
 vegetables, which are the natural 
 produce of this ifland, are cran- 
 berries, goofeberries, flrawberries, 
 huckleberries, red Indian -berries, 
 juniper-berries, peas, parfley, 
 onions, lambfquaters, or wild fpin- 
 
 nage, 
 
 ■ *i 
 
 'Ml 
 
 m 
 
 
 h 
 
 
 I 
 
, 
 
 'I 
 
 ^:. 
 
 r ; 
 
 H 
 
 'It 
 
 >[ 
 
 
 'M 
 
 (V 
 
 U 
 
 im 
 
 '\ r 
 
 fit}.- 
 
 l!!..i- 
 l.'i, 
 
 I ,. 
 
 
 Ml 
 
 it' 
 
 ( xxii ) 
 
 nage, Indian potatoes, farfaparilla, 
 maiden-hair, and Indian tea. 
 
 The Bears, who are the prin- 
 cipal inhabitants of this illand, 
 are fo numerous, that in the fpacc 
 of fix weeks we killed fifty-three, 
 and might have deflroyed twice 
 that number if we had thought 
 fit. Thefe animals, during the 
 winter feafon, live in the hollows 
 under the roots of trees, and it is 
 afferted for faft, that they receive 
 no other kind of nourifhment 
 during that time but from fuck- 
 ing their paws. It is indeed 
 highly probable, that they live in 
 
 a torpid 
 
 * 
 
 € 
 
 
'^ I 
 
 iparilk, 
 ca. 
 
 e prin- 
 
 illund, 
 
 c fpacc 
 
 ^-three, 
 
 1 twice 
 
 bought 
 
 rig the 
 
 ioUows 
 
 id it is 
 
 eceive 
 
 hment 
 
 fuck- 
 
 ndced 
 
 hve in 
 
 torpid 
 
 ( xxiii ) 
 
 a torpid flate in fcvere frofls, as 
 wc neither faw one of them, or 
 even their t rafts in the Inow 
 during the winter. They come 
 out of their holes in the month of 
 April, exceedingly poor, and feed 
 on fifh and fea weed that is call 
 on fhore. In the fummer, they 
 feed on berries and roots, for 
 which they fearch very diligently, 
 by grubbing along the fea fhore 
 after the manner of fwine. Thefe 
 animals have been fo little mo-* 
 lefted by mankind, that we have 
 frequently palfed near them with- 
 out their difcovering the lead 
 fear ; nor did they ever fhew any 
 
 iacU- 
 
 l fa 
 
 •if I 
 
 '4y 
 
 .V 
 
 '■!'•/^ 
 
 
 ■■. 1| 
 
 H 
 
 M 
 
 'm 
 
i 
 
 
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 ' i 
 
 u 
 
 "I 
 
 T '' 
 
 ril' 
 
 
 
 
 i': 
 
 
 1 1 "i ( 
 
 ff 
 
 Hi' 
 
 «•: 
 
 ( xxiv ) 
 
 inclination to attack us, except 
 only the females in defence of 
 their young. The largclt of thefe 
 bears weigh about 300 pounds, 
 and are very good meat. 
 
 In this ifland there are alfo 
 foxes, martins, and otters ; the 
 foxes are very numerous, and arc 
 of two colours, the lilver gray 
 and red ; partridges are fcarce, 
 and are entirely white. 
 
 Of the water fowl there are the 
 greatefl plenty, and lome of them 
 of a fpecies peculiar to this 
 country. 
 
 FiOa 
 
 i' 
 
 f 
 
••tp 
 
 except 
 nee of 
 >t' thefe 
 ounds, 
 
 e alfo 
 ) ; the 
 nd arc 
 gray 
 carce, 
 
 re the 
 ' them 
 
 thi 
 
 Fith 
 
 ( XXV ) 
 
 Fifh are very fcarce along the 
 coafl: of this ifland, except near 
 the cad point, where, about the 
 di (lance of three leagues to the 
 northward of that point, is a 
 fmall fifliing bank. 
 
 Whales (that have been wound- 
 ed, and efcaped) are fometimes 
 cad on (liore on the fouth fide of 
 this liland ; for the fouth-wxil 
 point forming a long bay with 
 the wcil point, and facing the 
 w^ellwardj a prevailing wind from 
 that quarter, and a llrong current 
 felling down the river St. Law- 
 rence, drives them aflhore on this 
 part of the ifland, where the 7n- 
 
 dians 
 
 M 
 
 , 'A I 
 
 m 
 
 Ay.: 
 
 ■f'> 
 
 , ».' 
 
 
 I 
 
 /"I 
 
 ^ -.jI 
 
; ■ ill 
 
 k' 
 
 ■' m 
 
 ■iy-^'l 
 
 
 Mi 
 
 ff :-t 
 
 It.+ 
 
 .».(■,; I 
 
 (•'» 
 
 I I 
 
 ( xxvi ) 
 
 dians from the main land, eroding 
 over in the fummer to hunt, fre- 
 quently find them. 
 
 that 
 
 fpent 
 
 inter 
 nd was very levere, 
 
 on 
 
 there 
 
 The 
 this ilia 
 
 being froll at different times, 
 from the 15th day of September, 
 to the 2ifl day of June following, 
 on which day I broke a thin fkin 
 of ice on a pond, and on the 31 ft 
 day of May meafured a bank of 
 fnow which lay near the fea. 
 eleven feet perpendicular height, 
 and half a mile in length. V\'e 
 had two continued frolts niglit 
 and day, the one lafted from the 
 1 4th day of November to the 6th 
 
 day 
 
 4 
 
»t 
 
 -offing 
 t, fre- 
 
 nt on 
 there 
 times, 
 mber, 
 )wing, 
 a Ikin 
 e3ift 
 nk of 
 ) fea. 
 eight, 
 
 V\e 
 night 
 n the 
 e 6th 
 
 day 
 
 <s- 
 
 ( xxvii ) 
 
 day of January, and the other 
 from the 12th of the fame month 
 to the 23d day of March follow- 
 ing; during each of thefe fet 
 froRs the thermometer was from 
 ten, twenty, thirty, to forty-feven 
 degrees below the freezing mark, 
 and the fea feldom to be feen for 
 the quantity of ice and fnow 
 which was fpread over its furface. 
 
 There is a report which pre- 
 vails amongfl the French, but how 
 well grounded I cannot fay, that 
 a filver mine was difcovered on 
 the fouth fide of this ifland, up a 
 fmall river about fix leagues from 
 the well point, and that fome of 
 
 the 
 
 
 m 
 
 '■;•■?'■ I 
 
 'i' l'> 
 
 ■1N«I 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 P 
 
 '•■ t 
 
I: 
 
 U 
 
 I 
 
 ,1 
 
 n 
 
 M 
 
 ■^ 
 
 
 'Ml 
 ft' 
 
 it. Ml 
 
 
 
 ibi:, 
 
 
 
 ( xxviii ) 
 
 the ore was taken to France, but 
 I had not time to make a proper 
 Icarch after it. 
 
 A great number of vellels have 
 formerly been wrecked on the 
 eaftern part of this ifland, which 
 may now eafily be accounted for, 
 as by the bell draughts hitherto 
 made it appears on the prefent 
 aftual furvey, to be twelve leagues 
 ihortofits real length, and con- 
 fiderably out of itS fituation both 
 in latitude and longitude. 
 
 ■1 
 
 th. 
 
 K I' • 
 
 m 
 
 Hi, 
 
 Ir.- 
 
 VOYAGE 
 
nee, bui 
 a proper 
 
 [els have 
 on the 
 1, which 
 nted for, 
 hitherto 
 prefent 
 ' leagues 
 id con- 
 on both 
 
 YAGE, 
 
 voyagp:, travels. 
 
 &c. &c. 
 
 \ OU may remember that, towards 
 tlic end of the year 1723, I received 
 permilTion of my fuperiors to cm- 
 bark for the New World, a fiivour 
 I had long folicited. I therefore 
 proceeded to Paris, and received a 
 Hccnce from father Guifdron, Pro- 
 vincial of St. Denis, who had the 
 
 B diredion 
 
 
 
 1 ~ 
 
 i-V.- 
 
 1 ■♦.■ 
 
 ■■'V-.'l 
 
 <»'. 
 
 
 
 ? I 
 
 ■'I' 
 
"H 
 
 iW 
 
 nil-]: 
 t »■ ■ 
 
 \l 
 
 I," 
 
 I" 
 
 it 
 
 j 
 
 j.i 
 
 ■| 
 
 ,ffi 
 
 M' 
 
 fill'!: 
 
 •V, 
 
 
 
 
 ( ^ ) 
 
 diredlion of the miffions in New 
 France, or Canada. 
 
 Proceeding from thence to Ro- 
 chelle, and having there procured 
 every thing neceflary for my paf- 
 fage, I embarked in the fhip Ca- 
 mel, failed on the 24th of May, 
 1724, and arrived at Quebec after 
 a pafTage often weeks. 
 
 Here I remained till the year 
 1726; and here M. de la Croix, 
 the Bifhop of Quebec, conferred the 
 pricllhood upon me, and foon after 
 appointed me curate of a village 
 called Forel, fituated to the fouth 
 
 of 
 
 4 
 
 hi'' 
 
 'i.n 
 
■ I ■ 
 
 in New 
 
 i to Ro- 
 procured 
 my paf- 
 fhip Ca- 
 of May, 
 bee after 
 
 he year 
 Croix, 
 
 :rred the 
 
 »on after 
 village 
 
 e fouth 
 of 
 
 ( 3 ) 
 
 of the rivei St. Lawrence, between 
 the towns of Three-Rivers and 
 Montreal. 
 
 Q^iebcc, the capital of the pro- 
 vince of Canada, or New France, is 
 fingularly lituated, being a hunched 
 and twenty leagues from tlic fca, 
 and yet poflTe fling a harbour capable 
 of containino^ a hundred fail of line 
 of battle Ihips. The river St. Law- 
 rence is here about a mile broad, 
 although below it is from four to 
 five leagues. The firfl: thing whicli 
 ilrikes you on your arrival, is a fine 
 falling Iheet of water, called the 
 Falls of Montmorenci, which is 
 
 B 2 about 
 
 
 i. ^Ti 
 
 Mm 
 
 : ' '3 ■ 
 
 ,1" 
 
 > Vi' . 
 
 w 
 
 '■ % 
 
 ■ I* 'J 
 
tWt: 
 
 111 
 
 ri\ 
 
 -.i 
 
 1! 
 
 '1^ 
 
 ■ 1 
 
 ii': 
 
 ,4^ I 
 
 Vi: I 
 
 111 i y 
 
 
 :'..,% 
 
 ( 4 ) 
 
 about thirty feet in breadth, and 
 forty in height. 
 
 The city, which llands between 
 
 th 
 
 e rivers 
 
 St. L 
 
 awrence an 
 
 d St, 
 
 Charles, confifls of two towns. In 
 the lower town, the merchants and 
 traders live ; and the paffagc from 
 thence to the upper town is fo fteep, 
 that it has been found necclTary to 
 cut fleps, and therefore can only be 
 afcended on foot. In the upper 
 town are the cathedral, the feminary, 
 and place of arms. The fortifica- 
 tions are not complete, but they 
 have been long employed in render- 
 ing it a place of flrength. It w^as, 
 
 however, 
 
 m 
 
 
 I 
 * 
 
 
ith, and 
 
 between 
 and St. 
 -ns. In 
 ints and 
 gc from 
 lo fteep, 
 ^ITary to 
 only be 
 
 upper 
 mi nary, 
 Drtilica- 
 it they 
 render- 
 It was, 
 )wever, 
 
 :i 
 
 i:^ ■ 
 
 ■k 
 
 ( 5 ) 
 however, fufficicntly ftrong to refiil: 
 the attacks of the Englifh in 171 1. 
 The number of inhabitants arc 
 reckoned at fevcn thoufand, many 
 of whom are worth money, and 
 exert thcmfelves to make life as 
 Agreeable and cheerful as they can. 
 Both fexcs here have as fine com- 
 plexions as any people in the world ; 
 are gay and fprightly ; and although 
 fituated in a colony at fuch a dif- 
 tance from Europe, and locked up, 
 by the feverity of their climate, 
 from the reft of the world for more 
 than half the year, are extremely 
 polite and engaging in their man- 
 ners. 
 
 B 3 Thrce- 
 
 
 ^1 
 -I 
 
 iM: 
 
 V*! 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 m 
 
 i ■ ■' I 
 
 
 ■A 
 
■•*! 
 
 .■1 
 
 lit 
 
 tu 
 
 ' 'i 
 
 mi 
 
 1 n 
 
 1 i 
 
 m 
 
 if la''- 
 ,"1 
 
 ■ Jr ■ ' 
 
 ^ 'If 
 
 
 4|l') 
 
 
 ( 6 ) 
 
 Three- Rivers is a town called lb 
 
 from its iituatiori, which conta 
 
 ms 
 
 about {'even or eight hundred in- 
 habitants, and is one of the moft 
 ancient towns in the colony, and 
 owed its rife to the great refort 
 of Indians from the moft diftant 
 quarters, by means of its three 
 rivers. This port, next to Mont- 
 real, is the mofl important for trade 
 in all Canada. There is plenty of 
 iron found in its neighbourliood^ 
 and they arc now beginning to work 
 the mines. The Jefuits made a fet- 
 tlemcnt, a few leagues below this 
 place, with all the Indian converts 
 they could colled: ; but, by a feries 
 
 of 
 
 Ol 
 
 .1 
 
 I 
 
 
 % 
 
 
Ail 
 
 ■■fs 
 
 :allcd i'o 
 contains 
 li'ed in- 
 le moft 
 iy, and 
 t refort 
 diftant 
 three 
 Mont- 
 ^r trade 
 ^Mty of 
 liuood, 
 ) work 
 e a fet- 
 ^v this 
 nverts 
 feries 
 of 
 
 ( 7 ) 
 of war and difcafes, it was foon 
 deflroyed. 
 
 Two years after I was drawn 
 from my curacy to go Chaplain to 
 a party of four hundred French, 
 which the Marquis de Beauharnois 
 commanded, and who were to be 
 joined by eight or nine hundred 
 Indians of feveral nations, parti- 
 cularly Iroquois, who inhabit the 
 fouth of the river St. Lawrence, 
 between the Englilli and French 
 colonics*, by the Hurons and Nipif- 
 
 fmgs, 
 
 * M. Crefpel does not fay what in- 
 •luced the French Government of Canada to 
 iindertake this expedition j and it cannot 
 
 B 4 efcape 
 
 
 
 '.'4} 
 
 
 
 r.::i':i 
 
 M 
 
 m 
 
 'v^ja 
 
» ;i ! ■'' 
 
 ^f■• 
 
 Ki 
 
 
 't 
 
 •II 
 
 I • . 
 
 ■'ft I,,', 
 
 . fi,-:;'' 
 
 If I' 
 
 
 H 
 
 i^ n ■■: 
 
 t 
 \ 
 
 8 ) 
 
 i i' 
 
 
 lings, and the Outawahs, who 
 lived on the lakes and rivers of 
 thofc names. To thefe, M. Pefet, 
 a pricft, and F'ather Bcrtonniere, a 
 Jeiuit, adled as Chaplains. The 
 whole, under the command of M. 
 de Lignerie, were difpatched with 
 orders to dejlroy a nation of In- 
 dians, called, by the French, the 
 Fox Indians, but, in their own lan- 
 guage, the Outagamies, fituated on 
 lake Michigan, about four hundred 
 and fifty leagues from Montreal. 
 
 cfcapc obfervation, that tliis Chrijlian prieft 
 talks of dellroying a whole nation of in- 
 nocent Indians with great coolnefs and com- 
 pofure. 
 
 The 
 
 Wk-i 
 
 i Mil!; 
 

 s, who 
 ivers of 
 r. Pefet, 
 nicre, a 
 . I1ic 
 of M. 
 'd with 
 of In^ 
 h, the 
 t^n lan- 
 ited on 
 Jndred 
 ^al. 
 
 2 piieft 
 
 of in. 
 
 i com- 
 
 ( 9 ) 
 
 The Iroquois Indians inhabit the 
 fouth fide of the river St. Lawrence, 
 between the Enghfh and French 
 colonies, and are the moft powerful, 
 warhke, and politic people among 
 the natives of North America. They 
 confifl: of fix confederate nations, 
 . and their form of government fome- 
 what refcmbles that of the Swifs 
 Cantons. Many of thefe Iroquois 
 are fettled in the interior of the 
 French colony in villages, are con- 
 verted, and as fubmiflive to the 
 French government as Indians can 
 be made. They have rendered us 
 good fervices, particularly in war 
 time. 
 
 '.: -K' 
 
 
 • ^1 
 
 
 Th( 
 
 I 
 
 •if 
 
 B5 
 
 TI 
 
 le 
 
 
 i 
 
 m 
 
 i'«i 
 
\7 
 
 mu 
 
 -M i;. 
 
 I 
 
 1t'l 
 
 ' t, 
 
 ; 1, 
 
 lit; 
 
 H" 
 
 ; -J (Mil 
 
 If 
 
 i! * ! 
 
 (!! 
 
 „■: ,1', 
 
 I--I 
 
 M 
 
 ■{^^ 
 
 :?•» 
 
 
 ( 10 ) 
 
 The Hurons are fituatcd between 
 lakes Huron, Eri, and Ontario. 
 The Nipiffings, to the north eaft of 
 lake Huron. 
 
 We fet off the 5th of June, 1728, 
 and afcended the great river which 
 bears the name of the Outawahs, and 
 is full of falls and carrying places. 
 We quitted it at Matawan, to 
 enter a river which leads into lake 
 Nipiffing ; the length of this river is 
 about thirty leagues, and, like that 
 of the Outawahs, full of falls and 
 carrying places. From this river 
 we entered the lake, whofe breadth 
 is about eight leagues ; after crolling 
 which, the river of the French 
 
 carried 
 
 Ci 
 
 ir 
 
 a 
 
 ni 
 
 Si" 
 
 ik 
 
'■^i^ 
 
 between 
 Ontario, 
 "i eaft of 
 
 which 
 bs, and 
 places. 
 <^n, to 
 to Jake 
 river is 
 ^e that 
 Is and 
 
 river 
 readth 
 ofUng 
 rench 
 arried 
 
 ( " ) 
 
 carried us quickly into lake Huron, 
 into which it falls, after having run 
 a courfc of thirty leagues with great 
 rapidity. 
 
 As it was not poffible fo many 
 perfons could go down thefe fmall 
 rivers together, it was agreed, that 
 thofe who palTed down firft, fhould 
 wait for the otliers at the entrance 
 of lake Huron, in a place called La 
 Prairie, which is a very fine fitua- 
 tion. Here, for the firft time, I 
 i'aw a rattle-fnake, whofe bite is faid 
 to be mortal, but none of us re- 
 ceived any injury. 
 
 B 6 
 
 The 
 
 yy-, 
 
 
 'i'^i 
 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
( 
 
 12 
 
 ) 
 
 !:■.■!. 
 
 ll'l 
 
 The 26th of July \vc were all 
 affemblcd together, and I celebrated 
 mafs, which I had hitherto deferred ; 
 next day we departed for Michili- 
 makinac, a port fituated between 
 the lakes Huron and Michigan. 
 Although the diftance was one hun- 
 dred leagues, we ran it in lefs than 
 fix days. Here we remained fome 
 time to repair what had been da- 
 maged in the flills and carrying 
 places ; and here I confccrated two 
 pair of colours, and interred two 
 foldiers, who were carried off by 
 fatigue and illnefs. 
 
 MichiHmakinac is a port advan- 
 tageoufly fituated for trade, with 
 
 three 
 
 Ml 
 
M 
 
 crc all 
 .^bratcd 
 Fcrrcd ; 
 [ichili. 
 :^tvvccn 
 higan. 
 c hun- 
 > than 
 fbme 
 n da- 
 rying 
 two 
 two 
 -by 
 
 van- 
 ^ith 
 hrec 
 
 ( '3 ) 
 
 three great lakes — Michigan, whicli: 
 is three hundred leagues in circuit ;. 
 Huron, which is full three hundred 
 and fifty leagues in circumference; 
 and lake Superior, which is full five 
 hundred leagues round : all tliree 
 navigable for the largeil fort of 
 boats, and the two firft feparated 
 only by a fmall flrait, which has 
 water fufficient for fmall vefTels, 
 who can fail, without any obflaclc 
 over lake Eri, to the pofi: of Nia- 
 gara. 
 
 The loth of AugufI: wc left Ma- 
 chilimakinac, and entered lake Mi^ 
 chigan. As we had contrary winds 
 for two days, our Indians had time 
 
 to 
 
 f'.i 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 ■ V 
 
 h 
 
 k I 
 
 ;l'' 
 
 :•, • I 
 
 I 
 

 < il- 
 
 
 :'.$ 
 
 m: 
 
 !::fr 
 
 
 u 
 
 f'.r 
 
 :: J ,, 
 
 
 I 
 
 1., I <■■■'. 
 
 ( 
 
 m 
 
 t! 1. 
 
 ;i-:![^ 
 
 ■in'i: 
 
 ( H ) 
 
 to hunt, and they brought in two 
 elks and a caribou y and were ge- 
 nerous enough to offer us a part. 
 We made fome difRcuhies in re- 
 ceiving their favour, but they forced 
 U9, and told us, that fince we had 
 lliared with them the fatigues of the 
 journey, it was but jull w^e (liould 
 partake of the comforts it had pro- 
 cured, and that they fhould not 
 eflcem themfelves men if they did 
 not adl thus to their brethren. This 
 anfvver, which was fpoken in French, 
 affected me fcnfibly. What hu- 
 manity among thofe \vc call favages ! 
 and how many fliould we find in 
 Europe to whom thnf t'tle might 
 be more properly applied ! 
 
 The 
 
 I 
 
 f 
 1] 
 
 1.1^' 
 
zn 
 
 4."" 
 
 1 two 
 •e ge- 
 
 part. 
 n re- 
 forced 
 ^e had 
 of the 
 hould 
 i pro- 
 i not 
 y did 
 
 This 
 ench, 
 hii- 
 aees ! 
 
 id in 
 
 light 
 
 The 
 
 ( '5 ) 
 
 The generofity of our Indians de- 
 ferved a lively fenfc of gratitude 
 from us. Several times, when wc 
 had not hccn able to find places for 
 hunting, we had been obliged to 
 live on fait me8\ The flcfb of the 
 elks and caribou removed the dii- 
 tafte we began to entertain for our 
 ordinary food. 
 
 The Orignaly or Elk of Canada, 
 is as large as a horfe, and his horns 
 as long as thofe of a flag, but thicker, 
 and more inclining over the back, 
 the tail Ihort, and his (kin a mixture 
 of light gray and reddifh black. 
 The Caribou is not fo tall, and 
 
 fiiaped 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 f' ,. 
 
 
 
 ■l^k- 
 
 1 I ..'' 
 
 v' ■ •'•■ii 
 
 
 ' ■ . i :■ 
 
 •• -HI 
 
 •4 
 
ji 
 
 t. 
 
 
 mm 
 
 m 
 
 J!'.! 
 
 '% 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 ^^^j'l.. 
 
 1 
 
 
 !«1 
 
 h>'"' 
 
 i-t' 
 
 
 1 » h '' 
 
 pi 
 
 ( >6 ) 
 
 fhaped more like the afs, but equals 
 the ftag in fwiftncfs. 
 
 The 14th of the fame month 
 we continued our route as far as the 
 flrait of Chicagou, and paiTing 
 from thence to Cape La Mort, 
 which is five leagues, we encoun- 
 tered a gale of wind that drove 
 feveral of our canoes on (hore who 
 could not double the cape and 
 ihelter themfelves under it : feveral 
 were loft, and the men diftributed 
 among the other canoes, who by- 
 great good fortune efcaped the 
 danger. 
 
 The 
 
 ■a 
 
 s 
 
 
equals 
 
 month 
 
 as the 
 
 paffing 
 
 Mort, 
 
 icoun- 
 
 drove 
 
 :; who 
 
 z and 
 
 everal 
 
 buted 
 
 lo by 
 
 the 
 
 The 
 
 *f 
 
 ( ^7 ) 
 
 The 15th we landed among the 
 Malomines, with a view to provoke 
 them to oppofe our dcfccnt ; they 
 fell into the fnarc, and were en- 
 tirely defeated. 
 
 Thefe Indians are called by the 
 French Folles AvoineSy or Wild- 
 Oat Indians, probably from their 
 living chiefly on that fort of grain. 
 The whole nation confifts onlv of 
 this village, who are fome of the 
 tallefl: and handfomeft men in Ca- 
 nada. 
 
 I The next day we encamped 
 at the entrance of a river named 
 
 r La Gafparde ; our Indians en- 
 
 % 
 
 I tcred 
 
 ' ■■■■*■■( 
 
 
 ^ir^;Vf 
 
 
 
 
 
 '; 
 
 I t'. 
 
•■'■■■» 
 
 ■'? 
 
 i::i: 
 
 m 
 
 ir;': 
 
 I - ,. 
 
 i '..■ 
 
 j; -V 
 
 <l - 
 
 If 
 
 1. 
 
 It 
 
 if' . 
 
 ^i'iv 
 
 r\ 
 
 mi 
 
 1^ 
 
 );' 1 
 
 
 ,^.' 
 
 
 ( i8 ) 
 
 tered the woods, and brought back 
 Icveral deer, a kind of game very 
 common in this place, and which 
 Ibpphed us with provifions for 
 fome days. 
 
 We hahed on the 17th from noon 
 to evening, to avoid arriving at the 
 poll of La Baye before night, wifli- 
 ing to furprife our enemies, whom 
 we knew to be in company with 
 the Saguis, ouralhes, whofe village 
 lay near Fort St. Francis. We ad- 
 vanced in the evening, and at mid- 
 night reached our fort at the 
 entrance of the Fox river. As 
 foon as we arrived, Monfieur de 
 Lignerie fcnt fome Frenchmen to 
 
 tlie 
 
 th( 
 tail 
 th( 
 
 ilf-^-V 
 
t back 
 c very 
 which 
 IS for 
 
 1 noon 
 at the 
 wifli- 
 ^vhom 
 
 with 
 tillage 
 Tq ad- 
 
 mid- 
 the 
 
 As 
 
 jr de 
 
 zn to 
 the 
 
 
 i 
 
 ^ ^9 J 
 
 the commandant to know for cer- 
 tain if there were any eneniics in 
 the village, and being afl'urcd there 
 were, he fcnt all the Indians, and a 
 a detachment of the French, acrofs 
 the river Le Sur, round the habita« 
 tions, while the reft of the French 
 entered by the dired: way. How- 
 ever we had endeavoured to conceal 
 our arrival, the enemies had in- 
 formation, and all the inhabitants 
 cfcaped except four, who were de- 
 livered to our Indians ; and they, 
 after having long amufed themfelves 
 with tormenting them, lliot them 
 with arrows. 
 
 
 
 .1 
 
 
 
 
 r ?v3^ 
 
 ::\k\ 
 
 .1 
 
 i 
 

 r * ^ir3 
 
 . ' I 
 
 .^''•l|i:r' 
 
 ■•■I 
 
 ii,| 
 
 ::il!' 
 
 i '-•, 
 
 i I' ■ '- 
 
 ^1- ■■ 
 
 .r 
 
 ^. 
 
 
 ^ I !■ 
 
 ( io ) 
 
 I was a painful witncfs of this 
 cruel tranfac^lion, and could not re- 
 concile the brutal plcafurc they 
 took in tormenting thefc unfortunate 
 people, and making them fuffer the 
 
 pain of twenty deaths before they 
 deprived them of life, with the ge- 
 nerous fentiments expreflfed by thefe 
 fame favages a few days ago. I 
 wiflied to have afked them, if they 
 did not perceive the ftriking con- 
 trail: in their conduct, and to point 
 out what I thought reprehenfible in 
 their proceeding ; but as all our in- 
 terpreters were on the other fide of 
 the river, I was obliged to poftpone 
 my inquiries till another time. 
 
 After 
 
 hi " 
 
 i' 
 

 ( '^^ ) 
 
 After this affair \vc aicendcd the 
 Fox river, which is much trouhlcd 
 with rapids, and whofc courfc is 
 near forty leagues. The 24th of 
 Aucruit wc arrived at the villaoc of 
 the Fuans Indians, whofe name, in 
 theii language, does not hear the 
 fame fignification as in French, 
 hut from thv'^ir vicinity to the wa- 
 ters, and they may therefore be 
 more properly called the Maritime 
 Indians. Our people were w^ell dif- 
 pofed to dellroy fuch men as they 
 flioLild find there, but the flight of 
 the inhabitants faved them, and we 
 could only burn their huts, and de- 
 ftroy the harveft of Indian corn, on 
 which they fubfifl:. 
 
 We 
 
 I! 
 
 •■ r:^ 
 
 JJ-^ 
 
 • -'-it-' 
 
 ^1 
 
 ■;■■' i 
 
-^r 
 
 'i,-. In 
 
 ' ft'' 
 
 !i, ■■■• 
 
 ftr^: 
 
 ( -^'^ ) 
 
 We afterwards crofled the little 
 lake of the Foxes, and encamped at 
 tlic enth The next day being St. 
 Lawrence, we had mafs*, and en- 
 tered a (mall river which led us to a 
 
 )und, 
 
 the bord( 
 
 marfhv ground, on the borders 01 
 which \\ as fituated the chief fettle- 
 mcnt of thof:; Indians of whom we 
 were in fcarch. Their allies, the 
 Saeuis, had p;iven them notice of 
 our approach ; they did not think 
 proper to wait our arrival, and we 
 found in their village fome wo- 
 men only, whom our Indians made 
 Haves, and an old man, whom they 
 
 * How eafy does this pious mifTionary 
 pafs Irom liavock and dcflruflion to de- 
 votion. 
 
 burned 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 hi 
 
 ^J 
 
 
 ■J 
 
 ni 
 
 1 
 
 
 1- * 
 
 CO 
 
 i!l 
 
littk 
 
 pcd af 
 
 •g St. 
 id en- 
 IS to a 
 ers of 
 fettle- 
 m we 
 3, the 
 ce of 
 think 
 d we 
 
 wo- 
 made 
 
 they 
 
 lionary 
 o de- 
 
 4 
 
 
 / 
 
 V 
 
 23 ) 
 
 hurned hy a flow fire, without ma- 
 nifefting the leaft repugnance for 
 committing fo barharous an adlion. 
 
 This cruehy appeared to mc more 
 atrocious than that they had exer- 
 cifed on the four Saguis. I feized 
 this opportunity to fatisfy my cu- 
 riofity on the fubjed: I before -men- 
 tioned. Among our Frenchmen 
 we had one who fpoke the Iroquois 
 language, whom 1 defired to tell the 
 Indians, that I was furprifed to fee 
 them, with i'o much apparent plea- 
 fure, inflidt fuch a cruel death on an 
 unfortunate old man ; that the laws 
 of war did not extend fo far, and 
 that it appeared to mc, that fuch 
 
 barbarity 
 
 ; ■ ; V. 
 
 «. ••■. i 
 
 m 
 
 ■ * ■ . .' 
 
 <\ 
 
 ?V1 
 
 
 • y. .' 
 
 
 J'-M 
 
 
 s-!v ■ 
 
 
 . <^i 
 
-■iii t' 
 
 ;[!i! - 
 
 
 f ■,: 
 
 ..' 
 
 m 
 
 ^,."""' 
 
 ( 24 ) 
 
 barbarity gave the lie to all thofe 
 good principles they pretended to 
 entertain towards mankind. One 
 of the Iroquois anfwcred, tliat if 
 any or them Ihould fall into the 
 h.ands of the Foxes or Saguis, they 
 would f^xperience ftill more cruel 
 treatment, and that it was a cuflom 
 with them to treat their enemies as 
 they fhould be treated by them if 
 they were taken. 
 
 ■0 
 
 II m 
 
 h 
 
 ! 
 
 •1 ir., 
 
 N(.'''^ 
 
 iv 
 
 '■ . I 
 
 "i '■'■ ; 
 
 I::: 
 
 % 
 
 I w idled much to have been ac~ 
 quainted with the language of this 
 Indian, to have fliewn him what 
 was blameable in his anfwer; but 
 was obliged to content myfelf with 
 defiring my interpreter to reprefent 
 
 to 
 
i 
 
 25 
 
 N 
 
 to him, that nature and reHgion ftill 
 more required that wc Ihould be 
 humane towards one another, and 
 that moderation (hould guide us in 
 all our anions ; that pardon, and a 
 forgivenefs of injuries, was a virtue, 
 the practice of which w^as exprefsly 
 commanded by heaven ; that I con- 
 ceived it would not be fafe for them 
 to fpare the Fox or Saguis Indians, 
 but that if they put them to death, 
 it lliould be as foes to their nation, 
 and not as their private enemies ; 
 that fuch revenge was criminal, and 
 that to excrcife fuch exceflTcs as they 
 had towards the five unfortunate 
 men they had put to death with 
 fuch cruel torments, in fome degree 
 
 c juftificd 
 
 i ■ 
 
 -; f . !•• j I 
 
V ■ 
 
 •f 
 
 n 
 
 .1 
 
 t 
 
 ( 26 ) 
 
 r ;. • 
 
 |jli*'^: 
 
 I 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 1 r!-,|iii 
 
 ■' ■•If 
 
 1 m 
 
 Ml 
 
 
 i. •■'■:: 
 
 !l": 
 
 ^|.- 
 
 • I -id 
 
 «'• ■•.;: 
 
 ['li/j' 
 
 juftificd the barbarity with which 
 they reproached their enemies ; that 
 the laws of war only permitted 
 them to take the life of their enemy, 
 and not to glut themfelves with his 
 blood, or drive them to defpair by 
 deftroying them in any other way 
 than by combat and arms : in fine, 
 that they ought to fet the Foxes and 
 Saguis that example of moderation 
 which is the proof of a good heart, 
 and which makes the Chriftian Re- 
 ligion, and thofe who profefs it, {o 
 much loved and admired. 
 
 I do not know whether my in- 
 terpreter explained my fentiments 
 clearly, but the Indian could not be 
 
 brought 
 
( 27 ). 
 
 brought to confefs that he adled on 
 a falfe principle. I was proceeding 
 to urge further reafons, when orders 
 were given to advance againft the 
 laft poll of the enemy, which was 
 fituated on a httle river which runs 
 into another yivcr that communicates 
 with the Mifliihppi. 
 
 We did not find any Indians, and 
 as we had no orders to advance 
 further, we employed fome days in 
 laying wafle the country, to deprive 
 the enemy of the means of fublilt- 
 cncc. The country hereabout is 
 beautiful, the land fertile, the game 
 plenty and good, the nights were 
 
 c 2 verv 
 
 
 if-j'^i 
 
 1 • '• ■ 
 
 
 
 <'i 
 
( 28 ) 
 
 
 .*■■.;, 
 
 '■.»L' 
 
 U: 
 
 ■ i 
 
 M 
 
 III 
 
 '■■■;; 
 
 1; il 
 
 .very cold, but the days extremely 
 hot. 
 
 After this expedition, if fuch a 
 
 Xifelcfs march defervcs that name, 
 
 we prepared to return to Montreal, 
 
 from which we were now four 
 
 hundred and fifty leagues dill ant. 
 
 In our palTage we deflroyed the fort 
 
 at La Baye, bccaufe being fo near 
 
 the enemy it would not afford a 
 
 fecure retreat to the French, wjio 
 
 mufl: be left as a garrifon. 1 he 
 
 Fox Indians, irritated by our ra- 
 
 va'^cs, and convinced that wc fliould 
 
 fcarcely make a fecond viiit into a 
 
 country where we were uncertain of 
 
 meeting with any inhabitants, might 
 
 have 
 
 i 
 
 -Tr 
 
 *J 
 
 liU 
 
emely 
 
 uch a 
 
 name, 
 
 ntreal, 
 
 ' four 
 
 liflant. 
 
 le fort 
 
 near 
 
 Ford a 
 
 , wjio 
 
 The 
 
 ir ra- 
 
 liould 
 
 into a 
 
 ain of 
 
 might 
 
 have 
 
 •I 
 
 ( 29 ) 
 
 have blockaded the fort, and per- 
 haps have taken it. When we ar« 
 rived at MichiHmakinac, our com- 
 mander gave permillion to every one 
 to go where he plcafcd. We had 
 now three hundred leagues to travel, 
 and our provifions would have 
 fallen (liort if we had not exerted 
 ourfelves to make a quick paflage. 
 The winds favoured us in croffing 
 lake Huron ; but we Iiad continual 
 rains while we were on the river of 
 the French, while crofimo: lake Mi- 
 chigan, and on the river Matawan, 
 which ccafcd as we entered the rFver 
 of the Outawahs. I cannot de- 
 fcribe the fwiftnefs with whicli we 
 dcfccndcd this great river, of which 
 
 
 /^•% 
 
 
 
 .;• 
 
 '■•I 
 
 V . H.I 
 
 c 
 
 imaei- 
 
 ;• I 
 
Irit' 
 
 
 m. - 
 
 
 p: ■■■;" 
 \f\ ■■■: 
 
 
 i,^' -''i 
 
 w >,; 
 
 
 '^'illb'^ih 
 
 1 r.*"' 
 
 I. 
 
 ijifl- 
 
 
 15- 
 
 
 
 ( 30 ) 
 
 imagination only can form an idea. 
 As I was in a canoe with fome men 
 whom experience had taught how 
 to dcfcend the rapids, I was not one 
 of the laft at Montreal, where I ar- 
 rived the 28th of September, and 
 remained there till the fpiing, when 
 I received orders to proceed to Que- 
 bec. 
 
 Montreal, the fecond city in Ca- 
 nada, is of a quadrangular form, 
 fituated on the bank of a river, 
 >vhich gently rifing divides the city 
 into the upper and lower town. In 
 the lower is an hofpital, magazines, 
 and place of arms; ami in the upper, 
 the feminary, church, convent of 
 
 the 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 tb 
 
 it- 
 
Ca- 
 
 In 
 
 ( 31 ) 
 the Recollcts, and governor's hoiilc. 
 Montreal is fitiiated on a fine iHand, 
 about ten leagues in length, and 
 four leagues in its grcatell breadth, 
 formed by two branches of the river 
 St. Lawrence. 
 
 I no fooner reached that city than 
 our commiflary ordered mt for Nia- 
 ofara, then a new fettlement, with a 
 fortrefs fitiiated at the entrance of a 
 fine river of the fame name, formed 
 by the celebrated cataracft of Nia- 
 gara, which lies fouth of lake On- 
 tario, and fix leagues from our fort. 
 
 I therefore returned to Montreal^ 
 and paffed from thence to fort Fron- 
 
 G 4 
 
 • • 
 
 tmiac, 
 
 ■•>•;.; i 
 
 
 'y-Jr 
 
 
 - ■ ^ 
 
 M->\ 
 
 ■M 
 
 1 1 
 
 
 . '1 '* '■ 
 
T*-- 
 
 lii 
 
 
 ■t 
 
 
 ..-t^i: 
 
 .•1 r ■• ■':! 
 
 !'-;-■■■'.. 
 
 •» 
 
 ( 32 ) 
 
 tiniac, or Cataraquoy, built at the 
 entrance of lake Ontario. Althoiio-h 
 only eighty leagues from Montreal, 
 as we went againfl: the ftream of 
 the river, we weie fifteen days in 
 afcending. Here we quitted our 
 canoe, and embarked in a veffel of 
 the king's, built for the navigation 
 of the lake, of about eighty tons 
 burden, very fwift, and which 
 fometimes crofles the lake, a pafTa^? 
 of feventy leagues, in thirty-fix 
 hours. The lake is very fafe, being 
 deep, and without rocks; I founded 
 in the middle with an hundred fa* 
 thorn of line, and could find no 
 bottom. It is about thirty leagues 
 broad, and ninetv lon^^'. 
 
 1 
 
 ' 1 
 

 ( 33 ) 
 
 We failed the 22d of July, but 
 did not arrive until the 25th. I 
 found the place very agreeable ; 
 hunting and fifliing were very pro- 
 dudlive, the woods in their greateft 
 beauty, and full of walnut and chef- 
 nut trees, oaks, elms, and fomc 
 others, far fuperior to any we fee 
 in France. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 :•!.•• ' 
 
 ■ ■■ m 
 
 Ai 
 
 " 1 
 
 The fever foon de.ftroyed the plea- 
 fures we began to find, and much 
 incommoded us until the beo^inninw 
 of autumn, which fcafon difpelled 
 the unwholefome air. We pafled 
 the winter very quietly, and would 
 have paffed it very agreeably, if the 
 vclTcl which was to have brought 
 
 UTv^ 
 
 r ■ ■■ • r 
 
 ,' * ■ ■ - » 
 
 .■■ ."1. - 
 
 '1 
 
 
l!«i " t 
 
 ♦ • ■ .11 "; 
 
 ( 34 } 
 
 US refreihments had not encountered 
 a ftorm on the lake, and been 
 obliged to put back to Frontiniac, 
 which laid us under the neceffity of 
 drinking nothing but water. As 
 the winter advanced, fhe dared not 
 to proceed, and wc did not receive 
 our ftores till May. 
 
 ii 
 
 iiifi- 
 
 t!> 
 
 
 
 :!' 
 
 
 In the fpring I made a journey to 
 Detroit, on the invitation of a bro- 
 ther of our order, who was there 
 on a miffion. From Niagara to 
 this poft is an hundred leagues, 
 which is fituated about fifteen 
 leagues on this fide the extremity of 
 lake Erie. 
 
 This 
 
( 35 ) 
 
 This lake is about a hundred 
 leagues long, and thirty broad, is 
 {hallow, and confequently dange- 
 rous in ftormy weather. To the 
 northward it is troubled with flioals, 
 fo that if a vcffel is taken by the 
 wind in a place where there is no 
 good landing, which fometimes is 
 not to be found in a fpace of three 
 leagues, there is great danger of 
 pcri(hing» 
 
 In feventeen days I reached De- 
 troit, and was received by the prieft 
 1 went to vifit with a warmth which 
 rtiewed the extreme pleafure we ex- 
 perience in meeting one of our 
 countrymen in a diftant region ; be- 
 
 c 6 fides 
 
 t. 
 
 
 'if Ti 
 
 ..1 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 ■■ * * , 
 
 
 
 jt r. 
 
 ■H 
 
 
 
 ::■.. :i 
 
II 'i. 
 
 
 
 li'Vv -It 
 
 ii' 
 
 t_ . 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 I ■ . ■■ - 
 
 I m ■ 
 
 ( 36 ) 
 
 fides we were brethren of the fame 
 order, and had quitted our country 
 for the fame motive. I was there- 
 fore welcome to him on many ac- 
 counts; nor did he omit any oppor- 
 tunity of convincing me how pleafed 
 he was with my vifit. He was 
 older than me, and had been very 
 fuccefsful in his apoftolic labours : 
 his houfe was agreeable and con* 
 venient; it was, as I may fay, his 
 ow^n work, and the habitation of 
 virtue. 
 
 His time, which was not cm- 
 ployed in the duties of his office-, 
 was divided between ftudy and the 
 occupations of the field. He had a 
 
 few 
 
 ■ i 
 
 al 
 
 01 
 
 tl 
 tl 
 
 
(■ 37 ) 
 
 few books, the choice of which 
 afforded a good idea of the purity, 
 of his morals, and the extent of his 
 knowledge. With the language of 
 the country he was familiar ; and 
 the facility with which he fpoke it 
 made him very acceptable to many 
 of the Indians, who communicated 
 to him their reflexions on all fub* 
 jedts, particularly religion. Affa- 
 bility attrads confidence, and no 
 one was more deferving of the latter 
 than this good man. . 
 
 He had taught fomc of the in* 
 habitants of Detroit the French lan- 
 guage ; and among them I found 
 many whofe good fenfe and found 
 
 judgement 
 
 ■ . '^^'^ 
 t ■ % - 1 fa 
 
 
 
 ^■: 
 
 '■■';-'-'-' ■'. 
 
 H 
 
 I : 
 
 1 
 
 if'..' 
 
 :• I 
 
 .Jul 
 
 V- 
 
 :j>:} 
 
 V .(. 
 
 f?j'- 
 
 
 ! 
 
 ''"'^ 
 
 i ' 
 
 
 i>j;'- 
 
 • 
 
 ■ •' i , 
 
 •' ■.' 
 
 L^ 
 
 ^ 
 
,!t 
 
 ( 38 ) 
 
 S'C 
 
 I 
 
 1! 
 
 A .-.■',,J( 
 
 judgement would have made them 
 confpicuous, even in France, had 
 their minds been cuhivated by ftady. 
 Every day I remained with this 
 man I found new motives to envy 
 his fituation. In a word, he was 
 happy, and had no caufe to blufh 
 at the means by which he became 
 fo. 
 
 al 
 r( 
 
 Detroit, or the Narrows, is fitu- 
 ated on the ftrait leading from lake 
 Huron to lake Eri. The country 
 round is faid by many to be the 
 fineft part of Canada, and feems to 
 want nothing that can make a coun- 
 try delightful : hills, meadows, 
 fields, forefts, rivulets, fountains, 
 
 all 
 

 .•* 
 
 ( 39 ) 
 
 all excellent in their kind, and fo 
 happily blended as to equal the moft 
 romantic wifhes. The lands are in 
 general wonderfully fertile, and the 
 iflands feem as if placed on purpofe 
 to add to the beauty of the profped:. 
 The fort, which is called Pontchar- 
 train*, is on the weft fide of the 
 ftrait, and has many Indian villages 
 near it. 
 
 * This fort, Niagara, and Michilimaki- 
 nac, are all fituated on the fide of the lakes 
 whicli belong to the United States of Ame- 
 rica; have ever fincc the peace been fub- 
 je€ts of contention between Great Britain 
 and thofe dates, and by the late treaty of 
 commerce have been delivered up to the 
 Americans. 
 
 I re- 
 
 >•'.-> if? i1 
 
 ,. i ■ . » 
 
 "(A 
 
 
 
 > ( 
 
! i;] 
 
 6' 
 
 
 ' '. II!!". 
 
 
 
 'fl 
 
 (i 
 
 'i:( 
 
 II 
 
 A 
 
 'v1 
 
 If 
 
 ft« 
 
 (■ 4^ ) 
 
 f returned from this vifit to Nia- 
 gara, where I remained two years, 
 and in that time learned enough of 
 the Iroquois and Outawah lan- 
 guages to converfe in them. This 
 enabled me to enjoy their com- 
 pany when I took a walk in the 
 environs of our poft. In the fequel 
 you will fee this was extremely ufe- 
 ful to me, and faved my life. 
 
 i^ 
 
 
 n^■ 
 
 ■t 
 
 ^i ■■ 
 
 li 
 
 :r ■ 
 
 hi- 
 
 When my three years refidence at 
 Niagara expired, I was, according 
 to cuflom, relieved, and pafled the 
 winter at the convent at Quebec. 
 It was a great flitisfacflion to me to 
 pafs that rigorous feafon there. If 
 
 wc 
 

 ( 4f ) 
 
 \vc had no fiiperfluitics, we however 
 wanted nothing that was ncceffary ; 
 and what was none of our leaft plca- 
 ilires, we heard news from oin; 
 country, and found a fociety with 
 whom W€ could convcrfc. 
 
 The chaplain of fort Frontiniac 
 fell fick in the fpring, and our com- 
 miflary intended me to fupply his 
 place, the fituation of which poft I 
 have before defcribed. Here I re-^ 
 mained two years, when I was re- 
 called to Montreal, and foon after 
 fent to point La Chevalure, or 
 Scalping Point, on lake Chaniplain, 
 io called bccaufe the Indians, whcn^ 
 
 they; 
 
 m$ 
 
 
 
 •i-n 
 
 
 .». ' 
 
 !;•!! 
 
 
 'f 
 
 :r r 
 

 (L, 
 
 t ;(il ■, 
 
 f 
 
 ;.r1 
 
 
 W' 
 
 
 •r 
 
 
 • i . 
 
 • -^ 
 
 it* ' ' 
 
 ■' 
 
 It-. 
 
 
 ,,}. 
 
 
 it 
 
 
 ( 42 ) 
 
 tliey kill any one, cut off his fcalp, 
 which they carry on a pole, as a 
 proot that they have defeated their 
 enemies. This cuftom gave a name 
 to the place, as in a battle at this 
 point many Indians were kalped,^ 
 
 Lake Champlain is about fifty- 
 five leagues long ; is adorned with 
 feveral agreeable iflands, the waters 
 are good, and well ftored with fifh. 
 The fort we have at this place is 
 called Frederick, fituated advan- 
 tageoufly on a very elevated point 
 of land, fifteen leagues from the 
 northern end of the lake, and is 
 the key to the colony of New 
 
 France, 
 
 t ■ 
 
 i' 
 
 it 
 
 I 
 
fcalp, 
 , as a 
 I their 
 name 
 t this 
 
 fifty. 
 with 
 waters 
 . filh, 
 ce is 
 van- 
 |:>oiat 
 the 
 d is 
 Sew 
 nee, 
 
 I 
 
 ( 43 ) 
 
 France, or Canada, towards the 
 Enghlh ^^tlements, which arc not 
 m.ore than thirty leagues diftant. 
 
 i did not reach my deftination till 
 November, 1735; the feafon, which 
 began to be fevere, increafed the 
 fatigues of the voyage, which, ex- 
 cept my ftiipwreck, was one of the 
 mcft toilfome I have experienced in 
 Canada. 
 
 The day we left Chambly, a pod 
 about forty leagues from Frederick, 
 we were obliged to fleep out of 
 doors, and during the night there 
 was a fall of fnow full a foot deep. 
 The winter came on as it had be- 
 gun ; 
 
 
 " • • ■ •■ il 
 
 
 :H| 
 
 
 '."! 
 
 ^1 
 
 ■ ' ■! 
 
 ' . f ' 
 
 * I 
 
 . ■',*. 
 

 ! 
 
 a 
 
 :l 
 
 t^ 
 
 li: 
 
 
 
 I 
 '* ji'" 
 
 I' 
 
 m 
 
 '%■ 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 
 ( 44 ) 
 
 guiij and although we found a 
 houfe at the poft to flcep in, our 
 fufTerings were almoft as great as it 
 we had been in the open air. The 
 houfe in which wx were lodged was 
 not finifhed; we were but badly 
 covered from the weather, and the 
 walls, which were of an enormous 
 thicknefs, had been finiflied but a 
 few days, and added greatly to the 
 inconveniences we received from the 
 rain and fnow, Moft of our foldiers 
 were afRided with the fcurvv, and 
 \\c had all fuch diforders in our 
 eyes, that we were even fearful we 
 Ihouid lofe our fight. Our food 
 was not better than our lodging. 
 We found little to eat near the poll 
 
 but 
 
 r': 
 
 m 
 
 Mi 
 
 I 
 
 \t 
 
\*' 
 
 < if 
 
 i 45 ) 
 
 but a few partridges, and to procure 
 \enifon we were obliged to go -^s 
 fiir as lake Sacrement, which was 
 fcven or eight leagues off! 
 
 In the fpring they proceeded to 
 compleat our houfe, but we chofc 
 rather to encamp, during the fum- 
 mer, than to remain any longer 
 therein. Here wc were not more 
 at our eafe, for we were all vifited 
 by the fever, and not one of us 
 could enjoy the pleafures of the 
 fcafon. This fituation, I mufl con- 
 fcfs, began to be very difagreeable, 
 when towards the month of Auguft 
 I received an order from my pro- 
 vincial to return to France. The 
 
 religious 
 
 
 
 ■*•■» • : 
 
 
 
 ';! 
 
 ■0 
 
 « I 
 
 I, 
 
IPlHi 
 
 ■ p ;' 
 
 W '• .» 
 
 W'-' ^'' 
 
 
 ^t-^-^ 
 
 :^ ■■■■ ir 
 
 h-- !>■ 
 
 J;:. ;• li^ 
 
 If :i f 
 
 ■:j!i.;ji|^ih(»l!r 
 
 
 t- ■ ■ '■;''■; 
 
 ^: . -:L 
 
 il 
 
 I; 
 
 ■ ft 
 
 w 
 
 »■!'■ 
 
 ••# 
 
 l4- . 
 
 ( 46 ) 
 
 religious who was fent to fuccced 
 me was of our province; he arrived 
 at Frederic the 21ft of September, 
 1736, and I departed the fame day 
 in the evening. The next day we 
 had a favourable wind, which car- 
 ried js t(: point Au Fer. about ei^jht 
 leagues; frOii. Chambly ; but on the 
 23d we expedted to have periflicd 
 in going down the rapid of St. Tc- 
 refa : this was the lafl danger I en- 
 countered b::fore I arrived at Quebec, 
 where I expefted immediately to 
 embark for France. 
 
 Thus you have an abridgment of 
 my peregrinations in the new world. 
 Thofe who have travelled in this 
 
 countrv 
 
 1^^ 
 
( 47 ) 
 
 country will fee I am acquainted 
 \vith it. The relations of former 
 travellers will inform you of many 
 circumftances xvhich I might have 
 repeated after them ; but, in writing 
 niy travels, my principal intent was 
 to defcribe the (hipwrcck I expe- 
 rienced in my return to France* 
 The circumftances attending it arc 
 extremely interefting, and you may 
 prepare to hear a tale of forrow and 
 woe. All I have to relate will ex- 
 cite your curiofity, and demand your 
 pity ; do not be afhamed to beftow 
 it : a good heart is always fufceptible 
 of the misfortunes of others. He 
 who does not feel for the misfor- 
 tunes of his brethren, ought with 
 
 juftice 
 
 ) ' . • 4* . 
 
 ■ ,' ■ I 
 
 * '* 
 
 ' ' ' ■ >\ 
 
 ■• '■ M 
 ',,1 ; 
 
 ■ : '-i . 
 
 
 ■-■fi 
 
■;4, 
 
 
 
 
 I'i! 
 
 
 ( 48 ) 
 
 jullice to be deprived of the happi- 
 nefs of human fociety . 
 
 I remained fomc time at Quebec 
 waiting an opportunity to return to 
 France ; in about two months I 
 found one by the king's fliip th^ 
 Hero, of which I unfortunately did 
 not proffer, but accepted of the offer 
 from the Sieur Frenoufe, a Cana- 
 dian. The connexion between us 
 caufed me to accept the place of his 
 chaplain. He was a brave man, 
 whom an experience of forty-fix 
 years had rendered very able cs a 
 navigator; nor could Meffrs. Pa- 
 cond of Rochelle, the owners, have 
 cntrufted their fhip, the Renown, in 
 
 better 
 
 1' 
 
 ■■ 
 
 $ 
 
 
 ih 
 
 
 % 
 
 
 ■'#"■ 
 
 
urn to 
 
 1 
 
 iths I i| 
 
 ip th« ■ 
 
 !y did 1 
 
 ^ offer m 
 
 Cana- 
 
 
 :n us H 
 
 :>( his 
 
 '^jH 
 
 man, 
 
 ' ^ 
 
 y-fix 
 
 
 ^s a J 
 
 Pa- ■ 
 
 have ri 
 
 p, in 
 letter 
 
 1 
 
 •J 
 ■V! 
 
 ' ■''if 
 
 ( 49 ) 
 
 better hands. The velTcl was 
 new, a good failer, very convenient, 
 of about tlirec hundred tons, and 
 ivjoiintcd with forty pieces of can- 
 
 non. 
 
 I tie 
 
 ircntJemen we: 
 
 re djHrous of 
 
 faf( 
 
 •w t 
 
 in( 
 
 Many 
 •roin^-'- with u% to enjoy a 
 convenient palTage, fo tb.at v.e had 
 fifty-four j^crlons on board the vcl- 
 kl. We failed the ;jd of Novem- 
 ber, with fcveral otlier ihips, and 
 ancliored all to9;ether in Saint Pa- 
 trick^s tlole, three leagues from 
 (Quebec ; the next day wc reached 
 the illand of Orleans. We endea- 
 voured on the .5th to pafs the ftraits 
 of Orleans, but could not, but were 
 
 D 
 
 more 
 
 
 ■ 1 ^ 
 
 ■ •( *> 
 
 
 ^i 
 
 
 
 
 ..•■»■ 
 
 
 {■^n 
 
 'Hi 
 
 
 ;'; 
 
 
■A; 
 'J 
 
 m> 
 
 ,r. 
 
 ir- 
 
 
 
 ( 50 ) 
 
 more fuccefsfiil on the clay after, 
 for we pafled in company with a 
 brigantine bound to Martinico. — - 
 The Ihips which failed with us had 
 fucccedcd in their firfl: attempt; we 
 were therefore without any confort, 
 and anchored at La Prairie, near the 
 ifle of Coudres, 
 
 i'. 
 
 The yth we reached Hare Ifland 
 and Mathan, where we found a 
 light wind from the north, the bane- 
 ful effedts of which, and particu- 
 larly in that feafon of the year, our 
 captain well knew, and confelTed to 
 us that we had every thing to fear : 
 he thought proper therefore to bear 
 away in fearch of anchoring ground, 
 
 and 
 
( 5t ) 
 
 and fomc fliclter from the tcmpeft 
 with which we were threatened. 
 A Ihort time after we were obliged 
 to wear, and on the nth of the 
 month, about eight at night, the 
 wind Ihiftcd about to the NNW. 
 NE. ENE. E. at laft to the 
 SSE. from w^hence it blew two 
 days. All this time we were beat- 
 ing off the ifland of Anticofti with 
 reefs in our topfails; but as foon as 
 the wind fliifted to the SSE. we 
 fleered SE. by E. till the 14th in 
 the morning, when the fhip ftruck, 
 within a quarter of a league of the 
 fliore, on a ridge of rocks, about 
 eight leagues from the fouthern 
 point of Anticofti. 
 
 D 2 The 
 
 ■■■;-t' ..t 
 
 
 
 •I' 
 
 
 h'' I 
 
 t; 
 
 ^^' 
 
!;i^ 
 
 n ■ • 
 Vit- , 
 
 ■'-(,;- . 
 
 ( 52 ) 
 
 The fliip flruck (b often, that 
 we were fearful every moment flic 
 would go to pieces. The weather 
 may be fuppofed very bad at this 
 ieafon, and our fcamen in dcfpair, 
 lince none of them could be per- 
 fuaded to affift in taking in the fails, 
 although their action on the fliip 
 would infallibly haflen our deflruc- 
 tion. The water poured into the 
 veflTel in great abundance; fear had 
 deprived above half our men of 
 their prefence of mind; and a ge- 
 neral diforder feemed to announce 
 our approaching diflblution. 
 
 * 
 
 i • 
 
 'f' 
 
 .' » • ' • 
 
 H. ■, 
 
 HV 
 
 *1, 
 
 ;]' 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 li 
 
 
 Ul'1> 
 
 li 
 
 X, 
 
 
 I: 
 
 If it had not been for our gunner, 
 our future fituation would have been 
 
 dreadful. 
 
 II 
 
, that 
 nt flic 
 cathcr 
 It this 
 :fpair, 
 
 : pcr- 
 i fails, 
 I fliip 
 flruc- 
 the 
 ir had 
 "n of 
 a gc- 
 puncc 
 
 nncr, 
 been 
 dfiil. 
 
 ( 53 ) 
 
 dread fill. He ran to the bread- 
 room, and althougli tlie water had 
 already made its way in, he threw 
 a quantity of bread between decks. 
 He thought alfo that fome mulkets, 
 a barrel of powder, and a cafe of 
 cartridges, would be ufeful to us in 
 cafe we fliould efcape this danger ; 
 he therefore caufed all thefe things 
 to be brought up. His precautions 
 were not ufelefs, and without the 
 aififtance of thefc articles I fliould 
 iiever have been preferved to relate 
 this. The wind did not abate, nor 
 the lea diminifla ; the waves carried 
 away oiu* rudder, and we were 
 obliged to cut awMy our mizen- 
 maft. We then began to get our 
 
 D 3 yawl 
 
 
 : f>7M 
 
 ^ ,..■•; n 
 
 !!?v- 
 
 
 M. 
 
 ii 
 
 [-.i 
 
 m 
 
 vfl 
 
 m 
 
 i '1 
 
 1 
 
|n|f' 
 
 ■;■*"• 
 
 t 
 
 1 I* ■ 
 !'; • ■ •" 
 
 ml!-:-- ■■' 
 
 IL, 
 
 
 54. ) 
 
 :»!: 
 
 vavvl (the fmallcfl boat of a mcr- 
 chant fliip) into the fca, taking 
 great precaution to keep her at a 
 diftance from the fide of the fliip, 
 for fear fhe fhould be ftove. The 
 fight of death, and hopes of avoid- 
 ing it, infpired us with courage ; 
 and although we knew we muft 
 pafs a wretched life, at leaft for 
 many months, in this ifland, we 
 thought we fhould be content to 
 fuftcr every thing, could v/e pre- 
 fervc our lives. 
 
 
 After having put our yawl into 
 the water, wc got our long-boat 
 into the tackles, in order to embark 
 what we could fave, and get clear 
 
 of 
 
 I 
 
 A i 
 

 I mcr- 
 taking 
 r at a 
 
 ' fliip, 
 
 The 
 
 ivoid- 
 
 rage ; 
 
 muft 
 I for 
 , wc 
 fit to 
 
 pre- 
 
 into 
 boat 
 :>ark 
 lear 
 oi" 
 
 ( 55 ) 
 
 of the (hip quickly, for fear tlic Ha 
 UioiiKl beat hir againft tlic fide of 
 the fhip, and dertroy her. But *tis 
 in vain for man to reft on his own 
 prudence when the hand of God 
 lays heavy on him. All our ef- 
 forts were ufelefs. Twenty of us 
 entered the long-boat, and inftantly 
 the fore-tackle gave Vv^ay. Judge 
 of our fituation ! the long-boat re- 
 mained fufpended by the after- 
 tackle, and of thofe who were in 
 her many perfons fell into the fea, 
 otliers held by the boat's (ides, and 
 (bmc, by means of ropes which 
 hung from the (hip's fide, got on 
 
 board her again. 
 
 
 
 r- 
 
 
 .V 
 
 
 
 • * , • * I 
 
 f 'j 
 
 D 4 
 
 The 
 

 tfV 
 
 t 
 
 i".i>- 
 
 3 
 
 ( ,56 ) 
 
 Tlic captain, feeing this accidc 
 
 ii 
 
 ordered the other tackle to be cut 
 or looiencd ; and th.c long-boat 
 having regained her pofition, I 
 
 jumpe( 
 
 in 
 
 to h 
 
 er aeain 
 
 to fj 
 
 ive 
 
 Meflrs. Leveque and Dufrefnois, 
 who were nearly drow^ned. The 
 fea treated our boat fo roughly., that 
 the water came in on all fides. 
 Without rudder or fail, in a drca:!-' 
 ful ftorm, a continual rain, the fca 
 raging, and the tide ebbing, what 
 could we look for but approaching 
 dcrtrudtion! We exerted, however, 
 our efforts to gain \a ofiing ; fomc 
 employed thcmfijlves in throwing 
 out the water • we ufed an oar in- 
 ftead of a rudder : we were in want 
 
 of 
 
 or 
 
 con 
 
 wa^ 
 boai 
 
 hir 
 
 g' 
 
ing 
 
 in- 
 mt 
 
 lof 
 
 ( 5; ) 
 
 of every thing, or every thing went 
 contrary to our intention. Two 
 Wcivcs broke over us, and filled the 
 boat' with water to our knees; a 
 third would infallibly have fent us 
 to the bottom. Our ftrength di- 
 rninidied in proportion as we flood 
 more in need of it, and we advanced 
 but flowly, fearing, with great 
 r- afon, that our boat would founder 
 before we could reach the land. 
 Tlie rain prevented us from diftin- 
 guifliing the place proper for land- 
 ing ; every part we could fee ap- 
 peared very flecp, and v/e beheld 
 nothing: before us but death.. 
 
 ° 5 
 
 I thoii^iu 
 
 •■ . ■ • *4 
 
 . ' "/ >? -/ 
 
 •■•••'■■: '-fii 
 
 ■ U * -J If,*, ■ - 
 
 ;• • f'l: . f 
 
 
 
 ■1- : 
 
 

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 -'' t. . 
 
 .%i 
 
 m 
 
 „-f 
 
 ^ 
 
 •) "I" 
 
 M%' ^^" 
 
 (', 
 
 ■1. 
 
 1 .- 
 
 (• 5« ) 
 
 i thought it my duty to exhort 
 my coiiipanions to put thcmfclvcs, 
 by 'iV\ ad: of contrition, in a proper 
 flatc to appear before their God. 
 H idler to I had deferred it for fear 
 of incrcafing their fears, or abating 
 their courage; but now there was 
 no time to delay, and I did not wifli 
 to have to reproach myfelf with 
 negledt of my duty. Every one 
 betook himfelf to prayers ; and, 
 after the conjiteor (or confcllion), I 
 gave them abfolution. It was an 
 afFeding iiglit to behold the men 
 labouring to throw out the water, 
 or at the oar; at the Hime time fup-* 
 plicating God to have pity on them, 
 
 and 
 
 '»! 
 
 ^'1, 
 
• ♦ '•■! 
 
 proper 
 God. 
 DY fear 
 bating 
 e was 
 t wifli 
 
 with 
 y one 
 
 and, 
 3n), I 
 as an 
 t men 
 '.vater, 
 e flip- 
 them, 
 and 
 
 ( 59 ) 
 
 and to parcion thofc fins wliich 
 might render them unworthy to 
 participate his glory : they feemed 
 at lafl: refigned to death, and waited 
 their fate without a murmur. For 
 my part, I recommended my foul 
 to God, and recited the viiferere 
 aloud, which they all repeated after 
 mc. I faw no longer any hope; 
 the boat was ready to founder; and 
 [ had covered my eyes with my 
 gown to avoid feeing the moment 
 of my dcftrudlion, when a guft of 
 wind drove us violently on fhore. 
 
 You cannot imagine with what 
 hafte we quitted the boat, but wx 
 were not immediately out of danger; 
 
 D 6 the 
 
 
 ,.'•■>•. 
 
 ■'< 
 
 . K.J 
 
 ■■ :•■ ;v'. 
 
 .*■ .--*, 
 
 
 .nv. 
 
 1 1 
 
 :-\ 
 
 f-iiai 
 
( Co ) 
 
 the waves rolkvl over i;s, fome were 
 ftruck down by them, and we were 
 all in danger of being carried away; 
 we, however, happily rcfifted their 
 violence, and got off with l\val- 
 lowing much water. 
 
 In this fcene of diforder, fom.e one 
 had the pre fence of mind to feize 
 the headfafi: of the boat, and keep 
 her from running adrift, without 
 which precaution we had infallibly 
 perifhed. 
 
 !-•<.. 
 
 Oui firft care was to return 
 thanks to God for our deliverance 
 from fuch imminent danger ; and 
 indeed, without his providential aid, 
 
 it 
 
nc one 
 feize 
 I keep 
 ithout 
 Uibly 
 
 eturn 
 rancc 
 and 
 I aid, 
 it 
 
 ( oi ) 
 
 h was not pofliblc wc (lioiild have 
 efcaped death. We were now on a 
 fandy point, feparatcd from the 
 body of the ifland by a river, whieh 
 ran from a bay a little above where 
 we landed. It was with the greatefl 
 difficulty we crofled this river, the 
 depth of which expofed us to 
 dan^rer a third time. As the water 
 
 o 
 
 ebbed, wc were able to fetch what 
 we had in the boat, and bring the 
 articles on fhore in the ifland. This 
 was a great fatigue, but wc had no 
 time to lofe. We were drenched 
 to the fkin, and every thing be- 
 longing to us was in the fame con- 
 dition — how then could we poffibly 
 make a fire? After a confiderable 
 
 time. 
 
 '!«' 
 
 
 
 
 ii: 
 
 . ...ir 
 J' ' 
 
 '■ ': •i 
 
 •• I • ■ M 
 \ ■ 
 
 I! 
 
 I '1 
 
 ■ ' t 
 
 
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.• ♦ 
 
 i', 
 
 
 
 
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 11. 
 
 
 M 
 
 
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 Uv. 
 
 i 
 
 ( 62 ) 
 
 time, however, we fucccded : this 
 was more necellary to us than any 
 thing elfe; and although it was long 
 fince we had taken any nourifh- 
 ment, and that we were hungry, we 
 did not think of fatisfying that 
 want until we had warmed our- 
 felves. 
 
 About three o'clock in the morn- 
 ing the yawl came on fhore with 
 only fix men in her ; the fea ran fo 
 high that they could not venture any 
 more. We went down to her af- 
 fiftance, and took the neccffary pre- 
 cautions to draw her on fhore with- 
 out damaging her. She was our 
 only refource, and without her we 
 
 fliould 
 
: this 
 1 any 
 
 ; long 
 
 Lirifh- 
 
 ^ we 
 
 that 
 
 our- 
 
 lorn- 
 with 
 n fo 
 any 
 af- 
 3re- 
 ith- 
 our 
 we 
 uld 
 
 ( 63 ) 
 
 llioiild never have been able to gef 
 the provifions which the gunner had 
 favcd from the fliip, nor the feven- 
 teen men who ftill remained on 
 board . 
 
 None of us dared to venture the 
 next day, and we paded the fuc- 
 ceeding night very forrowfully.. 
 The fire we had made was infuf- 
 ficient to dry us, and we had no- 
 thing to ferve as a covering in this 
 rigorous feafon. The wind ap- 
 peared to increafe, and although the 
 fhip was ftrong, new, and well- 
 built, we had reafon to fear that fhc 
 v/ould not remain whole until next 
 day, and that thofe who were on 
 
 board 
 
 
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 Sdences 
 Corporation 
 
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 WEBSTER, NY. 1458b 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 
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 ( ^4 ) 
 
 board would infallibly perifh. — ' 
 About midnight the wind fell, 
 the fea became more calm, and at 
 break of day \vc faw the fliip in the 
 fame ftate we had left her. Some 
 
 if 
 
 fe< 
 
 th« 
 
 or our leamen went aboard in tne 
 boat, and found our men in good 
 health, and that they had palTed 
 their time much more agreeably 
 than we had, as they had fomething 
 to eat and drink, and were under 
 flicker. They put feme provifions 
 into the boat, and brought them to 
 
 hen hunger began to 
 
 us, at a time w 
 
 :fs 
 
 rcis us vc 
 
 ry 
 
 muc 
 
 We then took our repaft, con- 
 Ming of about three ounces of 
 
 meat 
 
 :'v\^ 
 
 I w 
 
 4i' 
 
°t 
 
 I fell, 
 and at 
 in the 
 
 Some 
 in the 
 
 good 
 palled 
 eably 
 thing 
 inder 
 fions 
 m to 
 m to 
 
 on- 
 o£ 
 
 ^icat 
 
 ( 65 ) 
 
 meat each, a little brotli of fomc 
 legumes or pulfe boiled therein. 
 We found it necelTary to be careful, 
 that wc might not expofe ourfelves 
 to a total want of food. We fent a 
 fecond time to the iliip to fave the 
 carpenter's tools, fome pitch for our 
 long-boat, a hatchet to cut wood, 
 and fome fails to make tents. All 
 thefe things were of great ufe to us, 
 particularly the fails, for the fnow 
 fell that night two feet deep. 
 
 On the next day, (November 16), 
 
 w 
 
 hile i 
 
 next 
 ome 
 
 ent on board the Ihii 
 
 in fearch of provifions, others la- 
 boured to get the long-boat on 
 fliore, and fucceeded by help of a 
 
 double 
 
 
 ■ - » 
 
 
 A' 
 
 
 M- 
 
 ■ * ' ' i ' 
 
 •!• ■ I ^/ ; 
 
 ■■f ■■ 
 
 V 4.. ! ' 
 
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 W- 
 
 
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 Jy . 
 
 
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 Ml.;. 
 
 
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a'" '■*■ 
 
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 ( 66 ) 
 
 double tackle. The bad condition 
 rtie was in convinced ws how near 
 we had been periQiing, and we could 
 not conceive how it was po^^ible 
 fhe could have reached the fliore. 
 We immediately fet about repairing 
 her. The mizen-yard of the fliip 
 ferved for a keel. We made a new 
 ftern-poft with a piece of timber 
 we cut in the foreft ; the two planks 
 we wanted for the bottom we oot 
 from the fhip, and in truth we re- 
 paired her as well as it w^as poffiblc 
 in our fituatioa. 
 
 While \vc were thus employed 
 on our boat we made but one meal 
 in twenty-four hours, and that as 
 
 moderate 
 
 * i: 
 
( ^7 ) 
 
 moderate as I have before defer ibed. 
 Prudence required this of us ; we 
 had only two months provifions in 
 the fliip, which is the ufual quan- 
 tity they lay in for a voyage from 
 Quebec to France. All our bifcuit 
 was fpoiled j and of our other ftores, 
 one half had been either confumed 
 or fpoiled in the eleven days wc had 
 been at fea: fo that we had not 
 more than five weeks provifions • 
 This calculation, or, if you pleafe, 
 this refledlion, was a melancholy 
 one, fov there was no appearance 
 we fliould be able to quit this defer! 
 fpot in that period. 
 
 The 
 
 
 J': 
 
 
 I- 
 
 
 :/ 
 
 
 'A 
 
 '^'- I' 
 
 til 
 
 ■|-:" 
 
 1'... '*r*' '" ■» ; 
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 if 
 
 
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 It 
 
 
 
 
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 ( 68 ) 
 
 The fhips which pafs in the 
 neiglibourhood of this iiland keep 
 too far off to fee any fignals that wc 
 might have made; befides, the fea- 
 fon was fo far advanced that we 
 could not exped any until next 
 fpring. 
 
 I really began to defpair; my 
 ■fpirits failed; cold, fnow, froft and 
 illnefs, feemed to unite to increafc 
 our fufferings ; and we were finking 
 under the prclTure of fo many evils. 
 Our fliip became inacceffible by the 
 ice which formed round her; the 
 cold caufed a perpetual inclination 
 to fleep, and our tents were infuf- 
 
 ficient 
 
( % ) 
 
 ficicnt to protect us from the im- 
 mcnfe quantity of fnow, which fell 
 this year to the height of fix feet : 
 many of our companions were 
 already attacked by a fever : fuch 
 unhappy circumftances obliged us 
 to think of extricating ourfelves 
 from them. 
 
 We knew that at Mingan, a poll: 
 fituated on the northern (hore of the 
 river, or the land of the Elkimaux, 
 there were always fome Frenchmen 
 wintered to kill fea wolves for oil. 
 From them we were fure of pro- 
 curing fuccour; but the difficulty 
 was, how we fliould reach that 
 
 place in fuch a fcafon; all the fmall 
 
 rivers 
 
 
 "t- ' 
 
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 ( 70 ) 
 
 rivers were already frozen ; the 
 fnow already covered the earth to 
 the height of three feet, and was 
 daily increafing : the voyage was 
 long, confidering the feafon of the 
 year and our fit nation, for we had 
 forty leagues to run to double the 
 north- weft point of the ifland, after- 
 wards to defcend the river St. Law- 
 rence a little way, and then twelve 
 leagues to run acrofs the northern 
 branch of that )r. 
 
 Wc refolved, however, at leaft to 
 attempt to furmount thefe obftacles, 
 for in our prefent fituation wc could 
 not meet with any thing more 
 dreadful : but a refledlion made us 
 
 paufc 
 
( 7« ) 
 
 paufc for a time. It was not pof- 
 fible that we could all embark at 
 once for Mingan; half the company 
 muft neccffarily remain here, and 
 tliofe who went would think them- 
 fclvcs happy far above the reft, not- 
 withftanding the danger to which 
 they expofed themfelves. 
 
 We had, however, no other choice 
 to make, and we muft either re- 
 folve to ft ay here and perifh to- 
 gether in lefs than fix weeks, or to 
 feparate ourfelves for a time. I in- 
 formed every one that the leaft de- 
 lay would infallibly defeat our plan; 
 that, while we were hefitating, the 
 badnefs of the weather increafed, 
 
 and 
 
 ,V^ ■•: 
 
 •■■Si •- . • 
 
 1 .•'■r ■ 
 
 
 XV.; 
 
 
 
 -'^!f 
 
 .h 
 
 ■••.**»^ ■ ■■'■ 
 
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 V '' 'I 
 
 
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 N: 
 
 
 it 
 I 
 
 t 
 
 r 
 
 ..'J 
 
 
 ■>f. 
 
 ( 72 ) 
 
 ■and that we IkuI but a very fniall 
 ftock of provifions. I added, that 
 iiiidoiibtcdly every individual would 
 he un\\illin</ to remain where we 
 were; but at the lame time I repre- 
 fented our feparation as ablolutely 
 necefPary, and I hoped that the Lord 
 would difpofe the hearts of fome 
 of them to let their brethren depart 
 in feareh of food : laftly, I en- 
 treated them to dry and prepare the 
 ornaments of the chapel ; and that, 
 to draw on us the blelling of tlie 
 Holy Ghoft, I would celebrate mafs 
 on the 26th j and that I was con- 
 fident our prayers would procure us 
 the effect we w^iflied. Every one 
 applauded my propofition, and I 
 
 faid 
 
Y fniall 
 il, that 
 woulcl 
 crc \vc 
 [ rcprc- 
 'oliitclv 
 le Lord 
 F fomc 
 depart 
 I cn- 
 arc the 
 d that, 
 of tlie 
 c mafs 
 con- 
 iire us 
 y one 
 ind I 
 fuid 
 
 ( 7:J ) 
 
 laid mais accordingly ; at which 
 time tvvcnty-foiir men offered vo- 
 luntarily to remain, on condition 
 that tliofe who went would fvvear 
 on the Evanirehlls to fend fuccour 
 as foon as they arrived at Mingan. 
 
 I informed my companions that 
 1 was ready to remain with tlieic 
 twenty-four, and that 1 would en- 
 deavour to encourage them to wait 
 patiently the promifed relief. — • 
 Every body ftrenuoufly oppoi'ed my 
 defign ; and, in order to diffuade 
 me, fiid, tliat as I was acquainted 
 with the language of the country, I 
 mufl: accompany thofc wdio went 
 in tlie boats, that in cafe Meffrs. 
 
 E de 
 
 I*.'- 
 
 } ■ 
 
 
 '.^< 
 
 
 
 ■>r, 
 ft' 
 
 
 r • : 
 
 <•-.: 
 
 i' ■>. 
 
 
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 • V ;. 
 
 ■,i.' ''It' 
 
 
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 - ■;*• 
 
I'. 
 
 K r" 
 
 m 
 
 fi- 
 
 ( 71 ) 
 
 ito V'lcnouir ;\iul Scniu\iIK-, wlu) 
 nlfo (poke the l;uii>ii;«gc, ilioiiKI ilic 
 or fall iick, I ininht kwc as an in- 
 
 fripn tor to any Iiuiiaiis tluy niig 
 fiiul. Tlu>(c who wcio to re 
 
 ht 
 
 m.nn 
 
 particularly prcllal nu- in i;o, as 
 tluj knew I was incapable of break- 
 ing nn' worJ, ami d\d not tK>ubl 
 hut that, on n^\ arrival at Mingan, 
 my firll eare w ouKl be to (end theni 
 ailillancc. Not but that thoi'c w ho 
 were to go, were very well ilirpofeil 
 to fend back the boat as loon as 
 polVible, but they evidently thought 
 that they might pkice more con- 
 fidence in the faith of a priell than 
 any other individual. 
 
 When 
 
 >. 
 
 Iff 
 
( 7/, ) 
 
 Wlun (vny tiling; was nrran;^(.il, 
 1 cxl)()rl(Hl llioh* who were to be 
 Kit at llu: pl.icc of (liipwrcck to 
 li.ivc paliciRc. I loM tlicin that the 
 liiicll means to ili.iw on thcni the 
 tavoiirs ol Iic.ivcii, was to avoid 
 i;ivint; thciiilclvcs up to tlcfpair, and 
 to put their trull \ hcjlly in Provi- 
 dence ; that they (liould employ 
 tliemlelves in (ome conflant exer- 
 vile to avoid (iekneis, and being too 
 mueh difeoiiranred ; that tliey lliould 
 life the provifions we left with them 
 prudently, ahhough I hoped to be 
 able to lend them relief before they 
 wanted, but that it was better to 
 have lome left, than to rifk a fa- 
 mine. After I had given them this 
 
 E 2 advice, 
 
 
 
 ft' 
 
 f 
 
 ■^ 
 
11 
 
 V 
 
 m 
 
 
 Pp' 
 
 
 i> 
 
 
 'X 
 
 
 1 
 
 ■ ■ ' > 
 
 • 
 
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 111 
 
 rBHvV' 
 
 hH 
 
 If; 
 
 I '. 
 
 r 
 
 ■ if.' 
 
 ( 76 ) 
 
 advice, thofc who were to elcpart 
 began to prepare what they wanted; 
 and on the 27th we embraced our 
 companions, who wilhed us a 
 happy voyage. On our fide wc 
 cxprelTed our dell re to be able foon 
 to extricate them from their diffi- 
 culties. We were far from think- 
 ing this would be the lait time wc 
 Ihould fee them. Our parting was 
 extremely afleding ; and the tears 
 which attended it lecmed a kind of 
 foreboding of what was to happen. 
 
 '.i 
 
 •■■*< 
 
 Thirteen embarked in the yawl, 
 and twenty- feven in the long-boat : 
 we departed in the afternoon, and 
 rowed about three leagues, but could 
 
 not 
 
 
'v // 
 
 ) 
 
 not iind any landing-place, conic- 
 tjuently were obliged to pais tlic 
 night at Tea, where we experienced 
 a cold which is not tn be de- 
 icribcd* 
 
 The next day wx did not make 
 fo much way, but wc flept on fliorc ; 
 and during part of the night a vaft 
 quantity of fnow fell on our bodies. 
 The 29th we ftill had contrary 
 winds, and were obliged by the 
 fnow, which continued to f^ill in 
 abundance, to go on fliorc early. 
 The 30th the bad weather obliged 
 us to flop at nine o'clock in the 
 morning ; wt landed and made a 
 good fire, and dreiTed fome peas, 
 
 E3 by 
 
 : r- : f 
 
 'I -■■'»'* •3,' ■■' •■'1 
 
 
 ■ f- c. fi ■ ■ 
 
 
 
 ) 1 
 
 
 ■ V 
 
 
• ( 78 ) 
 
 by which many of our people were 
 much incommoded. 
 
 h': 
 
 
 The I ft of December the wind 
 prevented our embarking, and as 
 our feamcn complained of wcak- 
 ncfs, and fiiid they could no longer 
 labour at the oar, we dreffed and 
 ate a little meat, after having alfo 
 drank the broth : this was the firft 
 time fince our departure we had 
 fared fo well; on the other days we 
 had fubfiftcd on dry and raw fait 
 fifli, or elfe fome parte made of 
 meal and w^ater. The fecond day 
 in the morning, the wind having 
 Jhiftcd to the fouth-eart, we failed, 
 and made good w^ay ; about noon 
 
 vva 
 
 I-i. 
 
\J 
 
 ( 79 ) 
 
 \vc joined the yawl, and liad our 
 meal all together. Our joy was 
 extreme to find that the good wea- 
 ther continued, and that the wind 
 was more favourable ; but this joy 
 was of fhort duration, and gave 
 place to a dreadful conftcrnation. 
 After our meal we proceeded on 
 our voyage ; the yawl went faftcr 
 than the long-boat with the oars, 
 but we failed better than fhe did. 
 Towards the evening the wind rofc 
 and had (hiftcd a little; we therefore 
 thought we lliould endeavour to 
 double a point we had in fight, and 
 made a fignal to the yawl to follow 
 UvS ; but fnc was too clofe to the 
 land, and we loft fight of her. 
 
 E 4 At 
 
 
 1-. ;• 
 
 
 ./I V 
 
 ;,i 4 
 
 M ■ ■ 
 
 I 1 
 
 ;i 
 
 I . ^ 
 
 i 
 
 
 \i ■ 
 
 ■i- ■ 
 
 I- . 
 , » - 
 
 I; 
 
 '■r 
 
8o ) 
 
 "i >»■ ■>W Hi . 
 
 
 
 i ^■- 
 
 
 At the point we met with a 
 (Ircadtul fea, and although the wind 
 was not very high, we could not 
 double it but with great diiliculty, 
 and after having fhipped abundance 
 of water ; this alarmed us for the 
 yawl, which was clofe to the land, 
 where the fea always breaks more 
 than at a diflaixe ; in fhort, fhe was 
 fo feverely handled, that flie pe- 
 riflied — a circumftance, as you will 
 hear, we did not know till the next 
 fpring. As foon as we had pafTed 
 the point we endeavoured to land, 
 but the night was too far advanced, 
 and we could not at full find a 
 place ; the fea was for near two 
 leagues full of fharp and high 
 
 rocks, 
 
 
( 8i ) 
 
 rocks, but at laft feeing a fandy 
 bay, we filled all our fails, and 
 landed fafely without being very 
 wet. We immediately lighted a 
 great fire, in order to dircdl the 
 yawl where we were ; but this pre- 
 caution was ufelefs, as ilie was then 
 wrecked. 
 
 * • 
 
 Having eaten a little of our pafte, 
 every one wrapped himfelf up in 
 his blanket, and palfed the night 
 near the fire. About ten o'clock 
 the wcatner grew bad, and the fnov/ 
 continued falling till the next day, 
 which the fire melted, and fo much 
 incommoded us, that we chofc 
 
 E 5 rathci' 
 
 'i-.r 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .■■'42; 
 
 •MC, 
 
 '■r». ', 
 
 ';-M 
 
 J: 1 
 
 ;!! 
 
 Wl 
 
 
 It' •,,! 
 
 ';J 
 
 -■-•i-j *. i; '■ ' 
 ' 'I'm •? 1 
 
 .m"^^ 
 
 {&'' 
 
 'I 
 
 . IV. 
 
 
 ■-..■^ 
 
 i c 
 
 
.--^ 
 
 Pal 'S". '•' ■< 
 
 ■■* 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 ( 82 ) 
 
 rather to cxpofe ourfelves to the 
 cold than to deep in the water. 
 
 Towards midnight the wind was 
 fo violent that our lono^-boat was 
 driven from her anchors, and ran 
 on (hore, but was not bulged. The 
 two men who were in her, being 
 aflcep, awakened, and called loudly 
 for affiftance. We all ran down; 
 the captain and I employed our- 
 felves in throwing what we could 
 of her lading on Ihore, which the 
 others took up and carried as far 
 as they thought neceffary out of the 
 flux of the fea ; but the fea became 
 fo violent, that in its ebb it would 
 
 infallibly 
 
 
( 83 ) 
 
 infallibly have carried away the 
 whole, if our companions had not 
 removed them three different times. 
 This was not fufficient; we were 
 obliged to haul up our veffel, and 
 prevent her alfo from being carried 
 away. The trouble we had to get 
 her on fhore is inconceivable, which 
 we did not effed: till near ten o'clock 
 the next morning. We found fhe 
 had fuffered greatly, and woi Id re- 
 quire con fitk^able repairs. This we 
 poftponed till the morrow, and pro- 
 ceeded to make fires to dry our 
 deaths ; afterwards we ate a fmall 
 quantity, to reftort us after the fa- 
 tigues we had experienced during 
 the whole night. In the morning 
 
 E 6 
 
 the^ 
 
 Si; 
 
 r ^ 
 
 ,i 
 
 •Mr ■^. V. 
 
 ^ \ " 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 ■.':x 
 
 t 
 
 m 
 
 ■ J 
 
 
 ■ ■.•v''-'.J >' 
 •:-^'.*rl ^. 
 
 ■ '. ; fit? 
 
 * Mr- 
 
 np 
 
 ti 
 
 Vi? 
 
 
 ylh 
 
 ■(■ '. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 «f ■ ■ 
 •1 ■, 
 
 ^ V ,f 
 
 
 • 
 
' -V' 
 
 te ■■!■ ^■'' '■ 
 
 ( 84 ) 
 
 the carpenters, and fiich as were in 
 a condition to alTift, worked to re- 
 place every thing in a proper ftatc ; 
 and a party of our people wxre em- 
 ployed in fearching after the yawl, 
 but without fuccefs, and it w^as in 
 vain for us to continue feveral days 
 in fuch a place as this to look for 
 her. On the day before \vc de- 
 parted we killed two foxes, which 
 enabled us to fave our provifions. 
 In our fituation we were glad to 
 avail ourfelves of any thing, and 
 the dread of periflaing with hunger 
 induced us not to omit any circum- 
 flance that would tend to prolong 
 life. 
 
 On 
 
 iv 
 
xre 111 
 to re- 
 ftatc ; 
 •e eni- 
 yawl, 
 vas in 
 I days 
 3k for 
 e de- 
 -vhich 
 fions. 
 d to 
 and 
 inger 
 urn- 
 )Iong 
 
 O.C 
 
 
 ( 85 ) 
 
 On the 7th of the month at day- 
 break we failed with a light and 
 favourable wind, which enabled us 
 to make good way. About ten 
 o'clock we ate our foxes, and a few 
 hours after the fky o' ercafl:, and the 
 wind increafing as the tide rofe, we 
 found it neceffary to fearch for a 
 harbour, but could not find any ; 
 we were therefore obliged to keep 
 out to fea, and carry a prefs of fail. 
 As the night advanced, a llorm of 
 rain mingled with hail came on 
 fuddenly, attended with darknefs, 
 and the wind raged fo violently that 
 we could with difficulty fleer the 
 boat, which had already received 
 too many ftrokes to be in a con^ 
 
 dition 
 
 
 
 
 
 , -ii' » . ' ■ '•}■ 
 
 "s 
 
 
 I ''y.i[ 
 
 }-i ! 
 
 i^? 
 
 t :-) 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 ■. ) 
 
; • # 
 V-. 
 
 ( 85 ) 
 
 dition for fiich weather, 
 however, obliged to 
 chance. 
 
 We were, 
 take our 
 
 In the midft of this danger w^e 
 were driven into a bay, where the 
 wind ftill tormented us, and we 
 could not pofTibly finding a landing- 
 place. Our anchor would not bring 
 us up ; the weather grew worfe 
 every minute, and our boat being 
 driven violently againft fome funken 
 rocks, wc began to fear our lafl 
 hour was come. 
 
 4'- 
 
 SI'' 
 
 We exerted all our endeavours, 
 and threw a part of the boat's lading 
 into the fea, to retard our deftruc- 
 
 tion 
 
 k);. 
 
(urs, 
 ling 
 :uc- 
 Ition; 
 
 ( 87 ) 
 
 tlon for a fhort period. This was 
 fcarcely accompli (lied before wc 
 found ourfelves funounded with ice; 
 a circumftance which increafcd our 
 alarms, as the pieces of ice were 
 furioufly agitated, and fome of them 
 ftruck againft the boat, I am not 
 able to tell you how or where we 
 were driven, but I do afTure you the 
 circumftances which agitated us 
 during this night are not to be ex- 
 prefled; darknefs augmented the 
 horror of our fituation; every ftroke 
 of the (ea feemcd to announce ap- 
 proaching death. I exhorted every 
 one not to defpair of Providence ; 
 at the fame time to prepare them- 
 felves to appear and render an ac- 
 count 
 
 'j "A 
 
 
 
 .<^. 
 
 '■',v 
 
 , t 
 
 
 '••t'i-- 
 
 
 • < ■. 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •3^ 
 
'r : t 
 
 
 ( 88 ) 
 
 count before God of a life which 
 had been granted to us only to fcrvc 
 him, who was the madcr, and en- 
 titled to take it away when hepleafed. 
 
 1^^- 
 
 fk \ 
 
 At laft the day appeared, and wc 
 endeavoured to get between the 
 rocks and the fhore, where, when 
 we fucceeded, wx found ourfelves a 
 little more at our eafe. Every one 
 of us conceived ourfelves efcaped 
 from the jaws of death, and re- 
 turned thanks to that All-powerful 
 Hand that had preferved us from 
 fuch imminent danger. 
 
 With every effort we could make 
 we could not come near the fliore, 
 
 the 
 
ivhich 
 
 fcrvc 
 
 d en- 
 
 eafcd, 
 
 id wc 
 the 
 when 
 Ives a 
 f one 
 caped 
 d re- 
 r^erfu] 
 from 
 
 make 
 hore, 
 
 the 
 
 ( 89 ) 
 
 tlic water was too iliallow for the 
 boats ; we therefore were forced to 
 cart: anchor, and in order to get on 
 fliore were obh G:ed to wade throuo;h 
 tlie w^ater, in fome places as high 
 as our w^aifts, and every where as 
 high as the knees. We carried on 
 fhore our kettle, and fome meal to 
 drefs. After having taken fome 
 nourifliment we dried our cloaths, 
 with intent to depart next day. 
 
 The cold incrcafed fo much 
 during the night that the bay w^as 
 frozen over, and our boat fart: on 
 all fides ; we vainly hoped that fome 
 gurt: of wind w^ould break the ice 
 away, for the cold increafed every 
 
 day. 
 
 »« 
 
 
 
 v; - 
 
 
 
 
 ' »■ ?' 
 
 
 * 
 
 %•/ 
 
 •■; '* 
 
 '»' * ; 
 
 *' ^ 
 
 t. v' 
 
 
 ■> • 
 
 
 .* •• 
 
 .' 
 
 
 •■■•.1 
 
 . . f.; -A 
 
 V 
 
 
 I • )- 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 I. .1 
 
 
 I'. 
 
 v. 
 
 ■-i 
 
 ^f\>-\ 
 
 
 
 ■■.VI- 
 
 
 
 S) 
 
 ■t4: 
 
M 
 
 '•<.. ; v.- 
 
 ^ -.K 
 
 If; '.^ 
 
 i 
 
 i,^.'. 
 
 ( 90 ) 
 
 day. The ice continued to grow 
 ftronger, and we had no other 
 courfe to take but to land the few 
 things which had not been thrown 
 into the fea, and to get our pro- 
 vifions round us. We proceeded to 
 make cabins or huts, and covered 
 them with branches of the pine 
 tree. The captain and I were pretty- 
 well acquainted with the method of 
 building thefe huts, and therefore 
 ours was the moft convenient. The 
 feamen built one for themfelves 
 near us, and we conftrudled a place 
 to flow our provifions, into which 
 no one could enter but in prefence 
 of all the others. This was a ne- 
 ccfTary precaution, and to prevent 
 
 fuch 
 
 ^%\ 
 
-y;j 
 
 ( 91 ) 
 
 fiich fufpicions as might have at- 
 tached to thofe who had the care 
 of them, and to prevent any one 
 confuming in a few days what 
 ought to fupport fo many perfons 
 for a long period. 
 
 The furniture of our apartments 
 confifted of an iron pot, in which 
 they formerly ufed to heat pitch, 
 but now ferved us for a kettle ; we 
 had only one hatchet, and were 
 even in want of a ftone to fliarpen 
 it : to preferve us againft this fcvere 
 cold we had only our common 
 cloaths and blankets half burned. 
 Any one of thefe failing, our de- 
 ftrudiion w^as inevitable. Without 
 
 the 
 
 
 { 
 
 •• •* A: 
 
 •■*' ' -ii «.-. ■-'' 
 
 
 
 i4 
 
 
 •v. f"*' 
 
 ■■>:ri>-c:. 
 
 '•I 
 
 V,: 
 
 '■nun 
 
 f! 
 
 W'Vi- 
 
 
 ■ •'"1 *' 
 
 U'i^J; 
 
haw -tfi' ,■ 
 
 It*''. • 1 !■' r 
 
 
 Ml','. 
 
 I . 
 
 
 ( 92 ) 
 
 the pot It was not poffible to drcfs 
 any thing to fupport usj without 
 the hatchet we could not procure 
 any wood to make our fire ; and if 
 deprived of our blankets, bad as 
 they were, there was no poffibility 
 of fupporting the exceflive cold of 
 the nights. 
 
 This ftate, you will fay, was very 
 dreadful, and could not poffibly be 
 worfe. Here you muft excufe me; 
 for although it may appear incre- 
 dible to you, yet our diftrefs was 
 really conftantly augmenting, and I 
 have many things to relate before I 
 fliall have dcfcribed the mifery to 
 which wc were reduced... 
 
 Our 
 
( .93 ) 
 
 Our only rcfource was prolong- 
 ing our lives till the end of the 
 month of April, and to wait until 
 the ice was difperfed, or melted, 
 that we might be enabled to com- 
 plcat our voyage in our boat. The 
 chance of any fuccour reaching us 
 in this place was fo little, that we 
 could not even flatter ourfelvcs with 
 any fuch hope. In this conjunc- 
 ture it became neceffary to examine 
 carefully the flate of our provifions, 
 and to regulate the diftribution in 
 fuch a manner that they might laft 
 the neccfTary time. We therefore 
 fettled our allowance in the follow- 
 ing manner : — in the morning we 
 boiled two pounds of meal in melted 
 
 fnow, 
 
 
 
 ■r :.N'i.!-xi.' 
 
 ■ : --1 
 
 . '-.it* 
 ••;.S:: V 
 
 
 
 ■ '•■ M 
 
 
 
 
 •/" ' 
 
 v-^l 
 
 ■ ■V 
 
 ^- *'t 
 
 f* 
 
 > 1 
 
 ♦l 
 
 '■' •■•'^ 
 
 ;,i, 
 
 •:•! 
 
 ■", 
 
 
 1 1 
 
 
 ::<'' 
 
 
 m 
 
 9' •■■■■) 
 
 ' 'i 
 
 -I 
 
 £ ■ 
 
 '< ,-f. 
 
 '•■■t 
 
>• ;:>:.i »'■ 
 
 ^y 
 
 ( 94 ) 
 
 fnow, to make either a pudding or 
 porriJge : in the evening we dreffed 
 about an equal quantity of meat in 
 the fame manner. As we were fe- 
 venteen, each perfon was confe- 
 quently allowed about four ounces 
 of nourifhment a day. We had no 
 bread, or any other eatable except 
 a few peas, which wx boiled once a 
 week inftead of meat ; and although 
 we had only about a fpoonful each, 
 this was in truth our beft meal. 
 Fixing the quantity of food we were 
 to be allowed was not enough, it 
 was alfo neceflary to regulate our 
 employment. Myfelf, Leger, and 
 Bafil, undertook to cut all the wood 
 that ftiould be wanted, lei the wea- 
 
 ther 
 
 
ng or 
 refled 
 
 ( 95 ) 
 
 ther be good or bad : others under- 
 took to carry it home, and others 
 to make paths in the fnow in the 
 way we muft go into the forcft. 
 
 You will perhaps be furprifed 
 that I (liould undertake to cut wood, 
 as an employment not proper for 
 me, and to which my ftrtngth was 
 inadequate. In one refpedl you are 
 right, but if you refled that violent 
 exertions open the pores, and give a 
 vent to many humours which would 
 be dangerous if they remained in 
 the blood, you will perhaps con- 
 clude with me, that to this exercife 
 I am indebted for my prefervation. 
 I always took care to labour till I 
 
 was 
 
 ',■,. ;i i.; ,t 
 
 .* f J* 
 
 ■ 1' . l^ " IT 
 
 KM .^*^ 
 
 ■mm: 
 
 ■.j^'m: ■ 
 
 •• ' *• ' ■ 
 
 V" S »*^ ' " . 
 
 Mil' 
 
 •!T 
 
 A 
 
 'jr.- ■■ r .I 
 
 •v. ■• ■ ■■ * 
 
 ^■ 
 
 h . 
 
 .r 
 
 

 
 f"',v tt.'U 
 
 >i"j 
 
 
 
 ■r'f^^il 
 
 v--'.i.:- 
 
 . # "^ * H" t" ' ) 
 
 Hi^'fvlil 
 
 ( 96 ) 
 
 was fatigued, when I felt my felt 
 heavy or inchned to a fever, and 
 particularly when I found myfclf 
 afFeded by any bad air. Wc there- 
 fore went every day into the woods, 
 and notvvithftanding the efforts of 
 our friends to clear away the fnow, 
 we often funk up to the waift in it. 
 This was not the only inconveni- 
 ence we experienced in this bu- 
 finefs ; the trees within our reach 
 were full of branches, and fo co- 
 vered with fnow, that on the fir ft 
 flroke of the hatchet, the man who 
 gave the ftroke was knocked down 
 by what fell on him. We all in 
 our turns experienced this treat- 
 ment, and fometimes \\t have been 
 
 ferved 
 
 m-' 
 
 ;V'. 
 
( 97 ) 
 
 llrved fo two or three times fuc- 
 ccffivcly ; we, however, continued 
 our w^ork, and when by repeated 
 ftrokes we had cleared the tree of 
 fpars, we cut it down, chopped it 
 in pieces, and every one returned to 
 the hut loaded : then our compa- 
 nions went in fcarch of the reft which 
 we had cut, or for as much as we 
 w^anted for the day. We found this 
 bufincfs very fatiguing, but it w^as 
 abfolutcly necelfary ; and although 
 our exertions wxre extreme, we had 
 every tiling to fear if we relaxed in 
 our afliduity : the labour was alfo 
 daily increaling, for as we cut down 
 the trees, we were obliged to go 
 farther in fcarch of others, and con- 
 
 P fcqucntly 
 
 ; ■":<' '■•■'■'A 
 ■h t -'^ 
 
 :•'!'•*'■' A1 
 - -fl ■ '^ 
 
 " - '.k?' . .Z- 1 
 t "'1 J* . 'I 
 r . i't T, " 'J ! 
 
 
 
 ^:<i i„ 
 
 
 
 .J-' 
 
 
 M 
 
 • Vli 
 
 t 
 
 
 
 -# ( ■ 
 >1 .1 
 
 . iJ 
 
 
 > 
 
 ^"W 
 
 ■J' 
 ■I 
 
 ..' sr 
 
( 98 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 v.. ■ , / 
 
 * J 
 
 
 
 fequently to clear a longer path : 
 unhappily alfo our ftrength decayed 
 as our labour increafed. Some 
 branches of pine trees, thrown down 
 without order, ferved us for beds ; 
 the vermin tormented us, for we 
 had no change of linen ; the fmoke 
 and fnow caufed us inconceivable 
 pains in our eyes, and, to complete 
 our misfortunes, we were troubled 
 with a coftivenefs, and at the fame 
 time an almoft continued diabetes, 
 I muft leave to phyficians the tafk 
 of examining how thofe two incon- 
 veniences could arife. Had we 
 known the caufe, it would have been 
 of no fervice to us ; and it is ufelefs 
 to difcover the fource of an evil 
 
 whca 
 
 m 
 
 i, Ui , 
 
1 
 
 99 ) 
 
 Vv'hea we have no remedy in our 
 power. 
 
 The 24th of December we dried 
 the ornaments of our chapel, and 
 as we had ftill a httlc wine, I caufcd 
 it to be thawed, and on Chriftmas- 
 day celebrated mafs. At the con- 
 clufion I pronounced a fliort dif- 
 courfe, to exhort my flock to pa- 
 tience. I drew a parallel between 
 the fuflferings of the Saviour of the 
 World and their own, and con- 
 cluded by recommending them to 
 offer up their prayers to the Lord, 
 affuring them that fuch offerings 
 would give them a title to a recom- 
 penfe. The evils we feel arc much 
 
 F 2 better 
 
 !*)!• 
 
 ■ f 
 
 
 •^'. 
 
 .*;.?■ 
 
 SL 
 
 
 • 'Hi ;?'^ ■* 
 
 -iM." , 
 
 '" I • *■. ,. 
 • * . I'l- .," >■ 
 
 •'::?• vK* 
 
 .i- •' ..V 
 
 «• , -^.^ii'' ■ 
 
 "•I ti-' 
 •- ; ^■ ■ 
 
 / I .:-.. 
 
 
 
 
 .1 '■ 
 
 
 
 *'!■ 
 
 •is 
 
 
 "H 
 
 <ll- 
 
'Si, 
 
 !;■ 
 
 ■^Uk 
 
 it- ■■: 
 
 ■'if ■■ 
 
 . 1 !■ 
 
 IN'-''-: 
 
 
 
 
 ( 100 ) . 
 
 better explained than tliofe we fee 
 others fufFer. My difcourfe had the 
 cfFed; I expedted ; every one re- 
 fumed courage, and refigned them- 
 felves patiently to fufFer what fhould 
 pleafe God to inflicSi., either to 
 call us to himfelf, or relieve us 
 from danger. 
 
 On the I ft of January a heavy 
 rain fell all day ; and as we could 
 not fecure ourfelves from it, we 
 were obliged to fleep in the wet, 
 and a fevere northerly wind blowing 
 in the night, froze us up in our cabin, 
 but broke the ice in the bay, and 
 drove it to fea with our long-boat. 
 A man of the name of Foucault 
 
 informed 
 
 lit; ■ 
 4i 
 
( 101 ) 
 
 informed us of this dreadful ncw.^. 
 by a loud cry ; and \\hcn wc had 
 fought every \\ here to find her with- 
 out effect, you may judge of our 
 confternation. This accident was 
 the fevereft of our fuflPerings, and 
 deprived us of every hope of feeing 
 an end to them. I was fenfible of 
 its confequenccs, and beheld every 
 one giving way to dcfpair. Some 
 propofed that we fhould eat up all 
 our provifions at once, and then 
 quietly lay ourfelves down and die : 
 others refufed to work ; and, to 
 juftify their rcfuflil, faid, that it w^as 
 ncedlefs to prolong their troubles, 
 iince, to all appearance, they could 
 aot avoid death. What a fituation ! 
 
 F 3 the 
 
 ;K1 
 
 ■ ■ r^ 
 v.- 
 
 • 
 
 1 * . 
 
 * 
 ■:'v '■< 
 
 % 
 
 *■ 
 
 ?s 
 
 • • 
 
 u 
 
 •S 
 
 " :S 
 
 '• •;♦: 
 
 : ' •'« 
 
 
 ■ ^i^ 
 
 
 / »t-.'-r 
 
 ;■■• « "j ,t .• 
 
 
 
 
 
 'vOi' 
 
 :rr 
 
 r.- i ■■ 
 
 m^ 
 
 I 1 
 
 ■' ■ij^: hi- 
 1- • '! 
 
 i ,.: 
 
 '. ...» i- 
 
 ■ ■ 1 "■ , 
 
 .. I 
 
 >b7 
 
 '^♦^■•r- 
 
 
 
 

 «■, 
 
 ( ^02 ) 
 
 the hardeft hard heart muft liircly 
 be afFc(Sl:t d with it ; the tears flow 
 while I relate it, and you, my 
 brother, are too much awake to the 
 misfortunes of others to fuppofc 
 that mine will not melt you* 
 
 
 
 mm. 
 
 I 
 
 ■i^ 
 
 I found it necefTary to exert all 
 my abilities to combat the refolu- 
 tions of my companions; the beft 
 reafons I urged feemed to make 
 them more impatient, and to feel 
 with greater poignancy their me- 
 lancholy fituation. That mildnefs, 
 with which I hoped to be able to 
 turn them from their intentions, 
 not appearing to produce any eflfed:, 
 I alTumed that authority my function 
 
 gave 
 
( 103 
 
 
 gave mc, and told them with an 
 energy that fccmcd to furprifc thcni, 
 ** that the Almighty affuredly was 
 ** incenfed againfl us, and that he 
 ** mealured the evils with which he 
 ** afilid:ed us according to the crimes 
 ** of which we had been formerly 
 ** guilty; that thefe evil deeds had 
 ** undoubtedly been enormous, fince 
 *• the punifliment thereof had been 
 ** fo fevere; but that our defpair 
 ** was our greateft fin, and that 
 ** if we did not foon repent thereof, 
 ^' would not be pardoned. How 
 ** do you know, my brethren,'* 
 faid I, ** if you are not near the end 
 ** of your repentance ? The time of 
 '* the moil fevere fufferings is often 
 
 F 4 ** that 
 
 M.'«- 
 
 t 
 
 •A it' i 
 
 ,.yi T » . 
 
 
 ' ■■■ ••4*: 
 
 
 •■,« 
 
 
 r 
 
 (■i 
 
 
 r:' 
 
 m 
 
 -i i- 
 
 
 
 
 'if- 
 
 I' fc- 
 
 f- .Til *>* 
 
 ■'; .*.'■■■■' i 
 vw if i 
 
 •rfei: 
 
 ■ . - 9'i 
 . ■ ' ^_ 
 
 
 
 ■|at^' 
 
rjr.».i? If. 
 
 
 If 
 
 WW 
 
 I ■ • ir " J* * ; - 
 
 i^V' 
 
 ; V- . 
 
 ■) - 
 
 
 >ur 
 
 .^^-::;M 
 
 
 :^! 
 
 r 'let ' i*^ 
 
 1# 
 
 f < 
 
 / « 
 
 C ( 
 
 ( 4 
 
 i < 
 
 (( 
 
 a 
 
 it 
 
 « c 
 
 < t 
 
 < ( 
 
 (< 
 
 t ( 
 
 i< 
 
 <c 
 
 l( 
 
 ( { 
 
 <i 
 
 ( 104 ) 
 
 that of the greateft mercies : do 
 not therefore render yourfelves un- 
 worthy thereof by your mur- 
 murs. The firft duty of a Chrif- 
 tian is implicitly to fubmit to the 
 decree of his Creator, and your 
 rebel hearts refift him: you lofe 
 in one inftant the fruit of thofe 
 ills which God fends only to 
 render thofe he deftines to be his 
 children more worthy of his fa- 
 vours : you now meditate felf- 
 murder, and, to avoid fome tem- 
 porary fufferings, you do not fear 
 rilking eternal torments. Pur- 
 fue, therefore, your criminal in- 
 tentions ; accomplifli your horrid 
 defigns; I have done my duty,. 
 
 '* and 
 
 -».■ J ' 
 

 (C 
 
 (I 
 
 *( 
 
 n 
 
 tl 
 
 I t 
 
 ( t 
 
 l'( 
 
 i ( 
 
 « ( 
 
 ( 105 ) 
 
 and you muft determine whether 
 you will be loft for ever ! I 
 hope, however/' added I, ** there 
 are among you fome fouls fo at- 
 tached to the law of their God, 
 as to refpedl my remonft ranees, 
 and that they will join with me 
 in offering him their labours, and 
 will aik of him ftrength to fup- 
 port him through them.'* 
 
 
 
 • ■ ♦». '■■'[> if 
 
 " ■; +; 
 
 
 
 
 '71^'^ 
 
 •14^' 
 
 I .1 
 
 When I had finifhcd, I was re- 
 tiring, but they all ftopped me, and 
 entreated me to pardon the ftate of 
 defpair into which they had fallen, 
 and, fhcdding a torrent of tears, af- 
 fured me that they w^ould no longer 
 offend Heaven by their murmurs 
 
 F 5 and 
 
 i'M 
 
 
 
 ■1' n 
 
 t ; • I. 
 
FT' P- 
 
 y- J-} ' 
 p ■ ■ •. I' . ■ 
 
 
 ( 106 ) 
 
 and impatience, but would redouble 
 their efforts to preferve a life which 
 they held of God alone, and of 
 which they were not mafters. In- 
 ftantly every one refumed his or- 
 dinary occupation ; I and my two 
 companions repaired to the woods, 
 and when we returned, the others 
 went out to bring home what we 
 had cut. When they were all af- 
 fembled, I told them, that, as I had 
 
 wine for three or four niaffes, I 
 would celebrate one to requeft of 
 the Holy Spirit that ftrength of 
 which we flood in need ;. and as the 
 5th of January was a fine day, I 
 performed the ceremony of the mafs 
 thereon. I had fcarcely finifhed, 
 
 whcii 
 
( 107 ) 
 
 when M. Vaillant and the fliip's 
 fteward, named Foucault, a ftrong 
 and able man, informed us of a re- 
 folution they had taken to go in 
 fearch of the long-boat. I praifed 
 their zeal in expofing themfelves 
 thus for the fafety of their com- 
 panions. Praife is welcome in any 
 ftate of life, and felf-love never 
 quits us till we die. In lefs than 
 two hours after thefe two men had 
 left us, we faw them return w4th 
 fuch an air of fatisfad:ion as fore- 
 told they had good news to com- 
 municate ; nor was our conjecture 
 fiilfc, for M. Vaillant told us, that 
 after he and Foucault had travelled 
 for about an hour, they perceived,. 
 
 F 6 on 
 
 1 , ^^ 
 
 f . - ■*! I 
 
 m 
 
 ' I. ■ 1 .1 
 
 1 :-il 
 
 if \ h 
 
 I:. 
 
 •■l< 
 
 •■/ 
 
 "J- 
 
 «■ 
 I' 
 
 1 
 

 
 
 , I" ■ ' . 
 
 ■V' " J , 
 
 it;: 
 
 
 ■•*•'■' 
 
 
 ( --•« ) 
 
 on the liJc of the wood, a little hiif, 
 and two hark canoes ; that, on en- 
 tering the hut, they had found fomc 
 fat of the fea wolf and a hatchet, 
 which they brought away with 
 them. Innpaticncc to iinparr this 
 good news to their companions pre- 
 vented them from further fearch. 
 I was in the woods when they re- 
 turned, and the Sieur Senneville ran 
 to inform mc of the difcovery thefe 
 gentlemen had made. I haflened 
 my return to the hut, and entreated 
 the two gentlemen to tell me what 
 they had feen, and every word in- 
 fufed hope and joy into my mind. 
 I feized this opportunity to exalt 
 the cares of Providence towards 
 
 thofc 
 
 til 
 
 M: 
 
 :M- 
 

 ( 109 ) 
 
 thoic who do not dcfpair ; and I 
 exhorted every one to return thanks 
 to God for the favour now beftowed 
 on us. The nearer we are to danger, 
 the more gratitude we feel to our 
 deliverer. A f c v days ago we 
 thought ourfelves abandoned with- 
 out refource, and when we defpaired 
 of receiving any help, we learned 
 that there were fonie Indians in the 
 illand, and that towards the end of 
 March, when they returned to their 
 huts in fearch of their canoes, they 
 inight affift us/ 
 
 This difcovery renewed the hopes 
 of thofe who had made it, and they 
 fet off the next day full of that con- 
 fidence 
 
 ..1 
 
 ' ■» 
 
 
 {■ft '• 
 
 mi 
 
 : i 
 
 
 .1 
 
 X 
 
 
 it r- 
 
 ■r 
 .'•J 
 
m 
 
 i '' ' 
 
 L«>'r 
 
 • .1 S' V 
 
 ,^.' 
 
 >..,,•*. .N 
 
 •jV 
 
 fijcncc which a broinnim^ of fucrcfs^ 
 infpires. They h.ui hopes of find- 
 ing our long-boat again, and were 
 not difappointcd ; for having tra- 
 velled a little further than they did 
 t\\2 day before, they faw her at a 
 diflance from the land, and in tlicir 
 return found and brought away 
 with them a trunk full of cloaths, 
 which WT had throrvn into the 
 water the night before the boat war» 
 on the rockvS, 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ow the loth, although the wea- 
 ther was extremely cold, we all 
 went to Ckuicavour to get our long- 
 boat into a place of fafcty ; but we 
 found her full of ice, and the ice 
 
 about 
 
 W^ ' 
 
 4 ■ 
 
( •■' ) 
 
 about her miulc her appear like a 
 hitle mountain — in fliort, vvc faw it 
 was impoflihle to get her to the fliorc : 
 a hundred men would fcarccly have 
 fucceeded, and many would have 
 been in danger of pcrifhing in the 
 attempt. This event gave us much 
 uneafinefs ; but it was probable that 
 tlic Indians, to whom the canoes 
 belonged, had fomc other embark- 
 ation with which they had come 
 into the ifland, and of which wc 
 jiopcd to avail ourfclves. Wc were 
 therefore returning to our home, 
 but had fcarccly gone fifty paces, 
 when the cold feized M. Foucault, 
 fo as to prevent Lim from walking : 
 we were obliged to carry him to 
 
 our 
 
 I 
 
 I f 
 
 1/ 
 
 t. w 
 
 »',■■ 
 
 
 ■l 
 
 ■¥ 
 
 ] 
 
 
 ■■ r- 
 
 1^: 
 
 h 
 
 t.^i'nU 
 
 i 
 
 :il 
 
 - it' 
 f t. J 
 
 "■'. :» 
 
 «. 
 
• '4i ■' 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 ( 112 ) 
 
 our cabin, where lie foon after ex- 
 pired. 
 
 On the 23d our carpenter expired 
 from the f^itigue he had undergone ; 
 he had time to confefs himfelf, and 
 died a true Chriftian. Although 
 many of us were troubled with 
 fwelled legs, we did not lofc any 
 more until the nth of February. 
 The expectation of fupporting life 
 till the end of March kept up our 
 fpirits, and we already fancied we 
 faw our deliverers approach. But 
 it was not the will of God : his de- 
 figns are impenetrable, and although 
 events turn out contrary to our ex- 
 pe<5tation, we cannot, w^ithout blaf- 
 
 phemy,, 
 
i 
 
 ( '13 ) 
 
 phemy, accufe him of injiifticc. 
 What wc call rvil, with him is 
 often defigned as a bleffing^ and 
 whether he rewards or punilhes, 
 whether he tries us by adverfity or 
 profperity, we equally owe him our 
 thanks. 
 
 Our captain, M. de Frenoufe, 
 died on the i6th, after receiving 
 extreme undtion. A man of the name 
 of John Bofleman followed him in 
 a few hours, confcifing himfelf, and 
 expiring with great refignation. 
 Towards the evening of the fame 
 day, a young man named Girard 
 paid the laft debt to nature. A 
 diforder in his legs arofe from 
 
 warming 
 
 If an :'<.• 
 
 »'■'= '\;:f 
 
 
 
 
 
 ;.i*^' 
 
 
 .« 
 
 il* 
 
 , J. .1 
 
 , * i 
 
 if 
 
 :r 
 
 ,f- 
 3c 
 
 I' 
 
 •?• 
 
 ■ r. 
 
 i 
 -I 
 
 ■■; ( 
 
 : ■:■; 
 
 -. 
 
• ' ■■',,'•'■■ 
 
 ( iM ) 
 
 warming them too near the fire, 
 and made him feci his approaching 
 end. I affiftcd him in his laft mo- 
 ments, and his repentance of his 
 f\iults makes me hope he has ob- 
 tained pardon ♦ 
 
 \ * J ' 
 
 
 ■jv 
 
 
 
 
 ):\^-' ■ 
 
 
 
 
 iij..'",: • 
 
 
 lf''\'. ' 
 
 
 Our gunner fell into a fwoon the 
 lame night, from which he never 
 recovered. Laflly, a man named 
 Robert Boflfeman was attacked by 
 the diforder which had carried off 
 the others. He was a Calvinift, 
 and I wiflied him to abjure his re- 
 ligion, but I confefs it was a dif- 
 ficult taflc to make him a Cathohc. 
 Happily the goodnefs of the caufe 
 I fought fupplied f.lie place of thofe 
 
 talents 
 
 ri 
 
 J. ■ .11 J ■ >i 
 
( XI5 ) 
 
 talents nccelTary to fupport it. I 
 muft confefs that the reformed are 
 well inftrudted, and I was twenty 
 times ftaggered by the reafonings 
 of thic man. What a pity that the 
 foundation of CoJvinifm fliould be 
 laid on a falfe principle — I will ex- 
 plain myfclf clearly, what a pity 
 that the Calvinifts are not of the 
 Roman communion; with what 
 fuccefs would they defend a good 
 caufe, who can fo vigoroufly fup- 
 port a bad one* 
 
 At laft this man comprehended 
 me ; and being defirous of avoiding 
 the danger of dying in any other 
 
 belief 
 
 • * 
 ••f 
 
 ■s-. 
 
 V V. 
 
 it 
 
 ■- •( 
 
 "f 
 
 
 ■ A. 
 
 it; 
 
 »' 
 
 
 ■f 
 
 
 1 1* 
 
 
 
 ? . ' ■Kit 
 
 
 r 
 
 ■1 • • J 
 

 I",.' ' .< f 
 
 I ^ -.1. > ■? 
 
 :- . ■ i 
 <; • 
 
 I ri • ■• ■ ' 
 
 
 
 ( i'6 ) 
 
 belief than ours, on the 24th of 
 February he abjured his rehgion, 
 repeated the profcllion of faith, and 
 went to receive his reward in the 
 other world. As thefe men died, 
 we laid them in the fnow near our 
 hut. Undoubtedly it was not pru- 
 dent to depofit our dead fo near us, 
 but we wanted both fpirits and 
 ftrength to carry them farther off; 
 befides, our iituation did not allow 
 us to attend to every thing, and we 
 had either no apprehenfions of the 
 danger arifing from the corruption 
 they might caufe in the air, or 
 rather, we thought that the exceffive 
 coldnefs of the air would prevent 
 
 that 
 
 V. <•. 
 
( "7 ) 
 
 that corruption from producing 
 thofe cfFeds which were to be 
 feared at another feafon. 
 
 So many deaths in fo fliort a 
 fpace of time alarmed us all. 
 However unhappy mankind may be, 
 they view with horror that moment 
 which will relieve them from their 
 cares, if it alfo deprives them of 
 life. Some of our companions re- 
 gretted the lofs of their wives and 
 children, and wept in contem- 
 plating the ftate of mifery into 
 which their deaths would plunge 
 their families ; others complained of 
 Heaven in depriving them of life at 
 the moment when they began to 
 
 enjoy 
 
 
 fi 
 
 
 
 
 ti> 
 
 
 i 
 
 I'-'!'.- 
 
 '': I r.i 
 
 i>^ii 
 
 I* 
 
 •■' • ; ^ 
 
 ^- •-!:■? tit 
 
 .1 . .ii 
 
 ■ ■ ■ ! !. 
 . ■•''■ i 
 
 'I I;. ■ 
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 ''■'-' ',i '' 
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i 
 
 
 
 
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 if > 
 
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 (,«.;■■ ^ ■ 
 ,%' 4'--' 
 
 iv ' 
 
 i.Vi"'! '. •»' ■ 
 
 ' ..if' 
 
 ( iiS ) 
 
 enjoy it ; others, fenfible to the 
 charms of friendfhip, attached to 
 their country, and deftined for 
 agreeable and advantageous efta- 
 bhlhments, poured forth fuch la- 
 mentations as it was not poflible to 
 hear without fhcdding tears: every 
 word they uttered pierced my heart, 
 and I had fcarcely ftrength enough 
 to comfort them; I mingling my 
 tears with theirs, as I could not 
 refufe them that comfort, or con- 
 demn them for complaining. The 
 latter would have been dangerous, 
 and it appeared to me better to let 
 the firft emotion of their refled:ions 
 pafs away. The objedls they re- 
 gretted did not render them cul- 
 pable, 
 
( 1^9 ) 
 
 pable, and why fliould I condemn 
 their grief? To impofe filence on 
 an occafion in which infenfibihty 
 would be blameable, would have 
 been to reflec5t on human nature. 
 
 The fituation in which w^e now 
 were could fcarcely be rendered 
 more unhappy ; to be approaching 
 death ourfelves ; to fee our friends 
 dying, without abihty to affifl: them ; 
 to be in doubt refpedting the fate 
 of thirteen of our company who 
 were in the yawl when Ihe was 
 wrecked; and to be almoft certain 
 that the twenty-four we left on the 
 place of fhipwreck were in as un- 
 happy a flate as ourfelves ; to be 
 
 badly 
 
 ■'■*J ."K' 
 
 "'it- ■ *' 
 
 V 
 
 ■J 
 
 
 
 I Si . . r-. 
 
 ''t-. 
 
 •if. - 
 
 t 
 
 
 
 .rq. 
 
 
 •v» 
 
 
 k ■ 
 
 ■ji 
 
 
 \ 
 
 'J" 
 
 \ : 
 
Jf4 
 
 
 ■•'•' • K^ 
 •■'■ * ' ' .' 
 • ' \ •■• 
 
 4; rill 
 
 t • » 
 
 '^^ 
 
 J' 
 
 ( 120 ) 
 
 badly fed, badly cloathed, fatigued, 
 difcafcd in our legs, cat up by 
 vermin, and continually blinded 
 either by the fnow or fmoke—fuch 
 was our wretched ftate. Every one 
 of us was an image of death, and 
 we trembled when looking at each 
 other. What palTed in my own 
 mind juftified the lamentations of 
 my companions. The more violent 
 our grief is, the fliorter is its du- 
 ration, and expreffion is denied to 
 heavy misfortunes rather than light 
 ones. 
 
 
 
 '?', 
 
 , « I 
 
 ^$^.- 
 
 11 
 
 As foon as I faw them abforbed 
 in that filence which ufually follows 
 the flood of tears occafioned by any 
 
 misfortune, 
 
( 121 ) 
 
 misfortune, and which is the furc 
 mark of exceffive grief, I endea- 
 voured to comfort tliem, and ad- 
 drcfled them nearly as follows : 
 
 ** My dear chiKlren, I cannot 
 condemn your lamentations, and 
 God will doubtlefs hear them fa- 
 vourably, for we have often in 
 our misfortunes experienced his 
 goodnefs. Our boat preferved 
 on the night of our fliip wreck, 
 the rcfolution of twenty of our 
 companions who have devoted 
 them (elves for our prcfervation, 
 and the difcovery of the two 
 Indian canoes, are circumflances 
 which evince the protc6tion which 
 
 G *' God 
 
 
 ■ * 
 
 t ."« 
 
 ■ ■^•^ 
 
 A, 
 
 
 II, (« 
 
 ,!i5- 
 
 ■' L 
 
 U' 
 
 
 l^»5 'If 
 
 • • ' 
 
 
 
 i ( 
 .■ * 
 
 ■1! 
 
 if... 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 ■:H' 
 
 - 
 
 . fi ' 
 
 ■■i 
 
 < i 
 
m 
 
 
 is ■, f. 
 
 W' : 
 
 tH ^ ■ '• 
 
 !■ 
 
 ( 122 ) 
 
 God has granted to us. He be- 
 llows liis bleffings only by de- 
 grees; and, before he wholly re- 
 lieves us, cxpedts we fliould ren- 
 der ourfelves worthy, by a due 
 refignation to ^ the evils he has 
 thought proper to inflicS. Do 
 not defpair of his goodnefs, and 
 he will never abandon thofc who 
 fubmit to his Vvill. If God does 
 not inflantly releafe us, he has, 
 however, condud:ed our friends 
 to a fpot where the canoes affure 
 Lis Vve Ihall foon find a deliver- 
 ance. By the help of thcfe ca- 
 noes, and rlie approach of the 
 month of March, when the In- 
 dians return, we may reft afTured 
 
 ** the 
 
 
 M-^'r 
 
 h'^-H 
 
^0m 
 
 ( 1^3 ) 
 
 '* the time of our deliverance will 
 ** not long be delayed.'* 
 
 I then fell on my knees, and re- 
 cited fuch prayers as became our 
 fit nation and wants, in which every 
 one joined, each appearing to forget 
 his misfortunes for a moment. We 
 remained after this pretty quiet 
 until the ^th of March, beholding, 
 with joy, the time of oiu* de- 
 liverance draw near : but God v/as 
 pleafed to afflidl: us flill further, 
 and put our patience to further 
 proofs. 
 
 The 6th of March being Afli- 
 Wedncfday, about two in the morn- 
 
 
 ,';! !•::>■ 
 
 '" I ,' -"I 
 
 If 
 
 
 
 St 
 
 :?'! 
 
 '?-■ ■ ■ 
 
 
 
 G 2 
 
 ing 
 
( 124 ) 
 
 
 
 4i- < .: . !••: 
 
 WW 
 
 '■ -y.v Ji 
 
 ing a heavy fnow, driven by a 
 violent northerly wind, brouglit our 
 misfortunes to their height. The 
 fnow fell in fiich imnienfc quan- 
 tities as foon to fill our cabin, and 
 oblige us to take fhelter in that be- 
 longing to the feamen, into which 
 the fnow came in alfo very fail ; 
 but as it was larger, we had more 
 fpace : our fire was put out, and 
 we had no means to light it again ; 
 and, to keep ourfelves warm, we 
 had no other refource but to lay all 
 together, and as clc^e as we could. 
 We therefore removed mto the fea- 
 mcn's cabin in the morning, carry- 
 ing the remains of a fmall raw ham, 
 part of which we ate as foon as we 
 
 entered : 
 
i-»i • 
 
 ( 125 ) 
 
 entered : we afterwards removed the 
 fnow into a corner of the cahi.n, 
 and extended the large blanket on 
 the ground, under which we all 
 laid ourfelves, and the tatters of the 
 fniall blankets defended us better 
 from the fnow than from the cold. 
 We remained in this ftate, without 
 fire and vidtuals, or fwallowing any 
 thing but fnow, until Saturday 
 
 
 ■it 
 
 
 "J 
 ■'■/!l 
 
 ■f 
 
 
 mornmg. 
 
 
 I then took a refolution, notwith- 
 ftanding the cold, to venture out, 
 and to endeavour to get a little 
 wood, and meal to make fome 
 parte. Our lives were at ftake if 
 we did not feek fome fuccour againfl 
 
 G 3 cold 
 
 
 

 I rVlgr. ■•!:•>■ ■ 
 
 
 $i'-: 
 
 ( 126 ) 
 
 cold and luingcr. In tlic three days 
 and nii;hts \\c had palled in the 
 fcamcn's cabin, tour or five of the 
 crew had died witl; their legs and 
 arms entirely frozen, and wc were 
 happy in efcaping from the like 
 dilailer, lor the cold was lo leverc 
 on thofc days, that the Houtcll man 
 would have been flruck dead had 
 lie quitted the hut for ten minutes. 
 You may judge from what I am 
 now going to relate : on Saturday 
 the weather was fomewhat milder; 
 I determined to go out, and Leger, 
 Bafilc, and Foucault followed me ; 
 we were not more than a quarter of 
 an hour employed in getting the 
 meal, and yet Baiile and Foucault 
 
 had 
 
 
( ^27 ) 
 
 liiid tlicir hands and feet frozen, 
 and died, as you will fee, a few 
 days after. 
 
 ft was not poftible for us to reac h 
 the woods, as the ihow had ren- 
 dered them inaeeeilihle, and vvc muft 
 have rilked our dcflrudlion if wc 
 had endeavoured to remove that ob- 
 ftacle ; we were therefore obliged 
 to eat our parte cold — each of us 
 had about three ounces, and were 
 in danger of paying for this little 
 relief with our lives ; for, during 
 the w hole night, we were tormented 
 with fuch exceffive thirft, and felt 
 fuch burning heats, as made us 
 
 G 4 think 
 
 ■■»>:. 
 
 
 :n *- 
 
 >i' ■ 
 
 rv '■. 
 
 r 
 
 % 
 ii 
 
 
 tC: :M 
 
 
 
 )1-1 
 
 i^-; 
 
 
 '•>:i 
 
 V ' * 
 
 -, H • 
 
 j' V r t 
 
 •■■:. ; i" ^^ 
 
 
( 128 ) 
 
 think we were cvcrv moment coinQ- 
 to be confumcd. 
 
 1 ■ .•?( \'- hi 
 
 il4-^i. 
 
 ';„i 
 
 f- '"' fi'\. 
 
 Sund;iy, the loth, Meflis. Tuft, 
 Lcger, and I, took the opportunity 
 of fome fine weather to go in feareh 
 of fomc wood. We were the only 
 pcrfons who were able to walk; 
 but it was a miracle that the cold 
 we endured, and the fatigue wc 
 underwent in removing the fnow, 
 did not reduce us to the fame con- 
 dition with the others : happily we 
 were enabled to re lift both, and wc 
 brought home fome wood, made a 
 fire, and with fnow and a little meal 
 We made a clear porridge, which 
 quenched our thirft a little. 
 
 AH 
 
n ' ■ \.^ 
 
 ( 129 ) 
 
 Alt the wood wc were able to 
 bring was confumcd by eight o'clock 
 in the evening, and the night was 
 fo cold, that in the morning M. 
 Vaillant, the fiither, was found dead. 
 This accident made Ibme of us pro- 
 pofc to return to our own cabin, 
 which was fmaller, and confequently 
 warmer than that of the feamen*s. 
 No more fnow fell., nor was there 
 any appearance that there would be. 
 Notwithftanding our Wvraknefs, we 
 undertook to clear our old abode 
 from the fnow and ice which filled 
 it, and we brought feme frefli 
 branches of the fir tree to make bur 
 bed; we carried in alfo fome wood, 
 and made large fires both within 
 
 G n and 
 
 
 il.. 
 
 1. 
 I 
 
 •; .t 
 
 r ..'> 
 
 * ^1 
 
 L^'^f'. 
 
 
 t'fc': 
 
 '■",'. 1:.' 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
Il 
 
 
 k,*.r •% |..;' 
 
 ( 130 ) 
 
 an<.] without to warm it on all fides. 
 After thcfc operations, which greatly 
 fatigued us, we went in fearch of 
 our companions. M. de Senneville 
 and the younger Vaillant had their 
 legs and arms frozen, and we were 
 obliged to carry them. MelTrs. Le 
 VafTcur, Bafile, and Foucault, who 
 were lefs afliided than the others, 
 removed without mi-ch help ; we 
 laid them on the branches we had 
 prepared, from whence none of them 
 were ever removed till after their 
 deaths. 
 
 On the 17th, Bafile loft his fenfes, 
 and died a few days after. Fou- 
 cault, who was of a ftrong con- 
 
 ftitution 
 
 IkmA 
 
( 13' ) 
 
 ftitiition and young, fuftered vio- 
 lently ; tlic agonies he experienced 
 in llruggling with death made us 
 all tremble, and I never beheld fuch 
 a dreadful fpecSacle. I endeavoured 
 to acquit my felt of my duty on 
 thcfe occafions, and I hope, with 
 the divine bleffing, that my cares 
 of the dying were not ufelefs to 
 their falvation. 
 
 Our provifions began to be ex- 
 haufled: we had no more meal, and 
 there remained only about ten 
 pounds of peas ; we had only about 
 fcYcn pounds of candles, the fame 
 quantity of bacon, and a fniall ham 
 which did not weigh more than 
 
 G 6 
 
 th 
 
 rec 
 
 r* 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 
 
 ' 
 
 ! . 
 
 ; > ;■■ 
 
 
 ' « 
 
 I 
 
 J. ■ * 
 
 1 
 
 » • 
 
 
 ( ■ *"» 
 
 ,' 't 
 
 ' . ■; •' 
 
 f 
 
 '■ 
 
 1 1 
 
 ■ r,:^ 
 
 I > 
 
 
 
 il. 
 
 i.;f 
 
 
 .. I" 
 
 • Ml 
 
 . it 
 
 

 Ik • ,V''' . 
 
 l!-f ■''■•■'■ . 
 
 111 ^ < '. t 
 
 ( ^S2 ) 
 
 three pounds. It became therefore 
 ncceflary to look for fome othjer 
 means of fubfiftcnce. Leger and I, 
 for M. Furft, our fecond captain, 
 was not in a fiate to go out, went 
 in fearch of Ihell fifh at low water; 
 the weather was tolerable, and we 
 waded through the water for two 
 hours as high as our knees. At 
 laft, on a fand bank, we found a 
 fpecies of oyfter with a plain fliell, 
 and carried as many home as wc 
 could ; they were good — and every 
 time the weather and tide permitted, 
 we went in fearch of fuch kind of 
 food ; but we had like to have paid 
 dear for it, for our legs and hands 
 fwcllcd, and were nearly frozen. 
 
 I was 
 
 
 y^^^ 
 
( 133 ) 
 
 I was fully fenfiblc of the danger in 
 attending this kind of filhing too 
 often — but wliat could we do ? — 
 we muft live, or gather drive away 
 death for a time. 
 
 Our fick grew worfe every day j 
 the gangrene, or mortification, took 
 place in their legs, and as no 
 one could drefs them, I undertook 
 that office. It was my duty to give 
 an example of tliat charity which is 
 the foundation of our holy religion ; 
 I however hefitated fome moments 
 between the merit of fulfilling my 
 obligations, and the danger attend- 
 ing them. God alTifted me with 
 refolution to triumph over my re- 
 pugnance. 
 
 p, 
 
 ' Mm 
 
 't I 
 
 I: : 'vi 
 
 
 .1 
 
 ; '' 
 
 
 't ■ 
 
 
 
 I)*' 1 It 
 
 1>* .. *• 1 • 
 
 •n 
 
 i ! 
 

 V 
 
 
 
 ■ r 
 
 u4a 
 
 If^i! 
 
 ( 134 ) 
 
 pugnance, and I did my duty ; and 
 although the time in which I was 
 employed in drelllng their wounds 
 was to me the moft diilrellinij: of 
 the whole day, I never flackr.ied in 
 that duty towards them. When I 
 explain the nature of their wounds, 
 you will judge whether the re- 
 ludtance I felt at firil to drefs them 
 was without reafon, or rather if it 
 was not cxcufable. I was, how- 
 ever, well rewarded for my trouble; 
 the gratitude of the poor fick men 
 was inconceivable. ** What," faid 
 one, ** Ihall you expofe yourfelf to 
 ** death to preferve our lives? — 
 ** leave us to our misfortunes ; your 
 ** cares may relieve, but they can 
 
 < t 
 
 never 
 
'our 
 
 can 
 
 [ever 
 
 ( 135 ) 
 
 ** never cure us." — ** Retire,'* faid 
 another, ** and do not deprive thofc 
 ** who are not to die of the con- 
 *' Iblation of having you with them : 
 ** only afllft in putting us into a 
 ** ftate to appear before God, and 
 ** render an account of our days; 
 ** fly therefore the infefted air 
 ** which is around us.'* 
 
 You may naturally fuppofe that 
 thefe kind entreaties attached me 
 the more to them ; they augment the 
 pleafure we feel in doing our duty, 
 and increafe our ftrength and re- 
 folution to perform it. 
 
 I foon 
 
 
 1 (lit, %l 
 
 l' Y' "' 
 
 •, M 
 
 :;;i iii! *; 
 
 ^^'- 
 
 i'.«' 
 
 r': 
 
 i 
 
 4'j 
 
 1; ■ 
 
 ;, 
 
 
[r 
 
 ,lTi. t , 
 
 >•■?•;'■'■.',■ 
 
 rm; 
 
 • ' * ' s. 
 
 ( 136 ) 
 
 I foon faw that our lick men mufl 
 inevitably die, and they were afTurcd 
 of it themfelves ; and although they 
 were reconciled, I did not think 
 iTjyfelf difpcnfed from affifting them 
 in their laft moments. I prayed 
 with them morning and evening, 
 and endeavoured to confirm them in 
 their fubmiffion to the will of hea- 
 ven. ** Offer up your fufferings,'' 
 laid I, ** to Jcfus Chrift, and they 
 *' will render you worthy of the 
 *• fruit of the blood he has flied 
 *' for the human race: he was a 
 '' perfed: model of that patience 
 ** which I admire in you; your 
 ** exile is nearly finiflied : what 
 
 ** thanks 
 
( ^37 ) 
 
 '* thanks do you not owe him to 
 hiive furniihcd you, by this Ihip- 
 wrcck, with the furcll means of 
 reaching the port of your falva- 
 tion. True, my friends, you 
 leave behind you wives and cliil- 
 drcn who look up to you for 
 fupport; but truft in God, he is 
 a good father, who never abandons 
 
 '* his children; and reft affured 
 that, in calling you to him, he 
 will not forget that you leave 
 
 ( ( 
 
 ( t 
 
 i t 
 
 < ( 
 
 I ( 
 
 ( t 
 
 (C 
 
 (( 
 
 <l 
 
 « t 
 
 ** behind 
 
 1 
 
 you lamiiics wno require 
 
 V 
 
 i i 
 
 1 
 
 lis cares 
 
 >> 
 
 The poor dying men could only 
 anfwer by afTuring me that they 
 put their whole trufl: in God, and 
 
 lliouuiu 
 
 .... '..-i 
 
 1 '• . 
 v. . \ 
 
 •1 
 
 1l. • ■ .' 
 
 I:^H -? 
 
 .11 
 
 
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 •4 
 
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 IK.-"' ", 
 
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 ^v<V 
 
 ** ♦.■ 
 
 ■■,• .' ■ \, 
 
 ( 138 ) 
 
 thought of thofe the V had left behind, 
 only to recommend them to his 
 care and protection. AVhen I had 
 fmilhed ipeaking to tliem of fpi- 
 ritual things, I attended to the dref- 
 fing of their wounds. To clean 
 them I had not any thing hut urine, 
 and I covered tlicm with fume pieces 
 of linen which I dried for that 
 purpofe ; and when I removed thefe 
 they brought away part of the fiefh 
 with them, which, from its cor- 
 rupted ftate, diffufed an infc(5tious 
 air even without fide the cabin. _ 
 
 In ten or twelve days there re- 
 mained nothing of their legs but 
 the bones ; their feet fell off, and 
 
 tlicir 
 
 ^?yv"- 
 
 
 4^ 
 
( 1-39 ) 
 
 their hands were wholly void of 
 flelh. The infedion was io great, 
 that, when I ^vas drcfluig the 
 wounds, I was obhged to go into 
 the open air ahiioll every minute to 
 avoid being lliftbcated. God is my 
 witnefs I do not exaggerate, and 
 that their fituution was more dread- 
 ful than I am able to defcribc. 
 Exprcffion would fail me were I 
 to endeavoui* to defcribc the wretched 
 fituation in which I then was. 
 
 I'.- ; . 
 
 ■^ 
 
 i '1 
 
 k^< 
 
 *■ < 
 
 '■•-'), 
 
 ^i^'i 
 
 % 
 
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 ^y 
 
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 p... 
 
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 % 
 
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 1 . ' i 
 
 
 i'*" 
 
 it: 
 
 
 
 
 ■i. • 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 .;ir-; 
 
 
 On the lit of April Leger went 
 towards the place wlicrc the Indian 
 canoes were, and I went into the 
 woods about eight oVlock ia the 
 morning. I was fitting to rcll my- 
 
 fir 
 
 ■•;-ii 
 
 .■!,|j*V I 
 
 ■it 
 
 •'•I 
 
 'h 
 
 
 f - 
 
 ■t' 
 
 (:I 
 

 
 
 m[ 
 
 h 
 
 ■-V 
 
 
 ^tt'^ 
 
 ( MO ) 
 
 if If on a tree which I had cut 
 down, when I thought I heard a 
 gun fire ; but as we had often 
 thought we heard the fame noife, 
 and ive c never able to difcover 
 from w. ciic^ it came, nor what it 
 really was, I did not pay any great 
 attention. About ten I returned to 
 the cabin to afk M. Furft to aflill 
 me in bringing home the wood I 
 had cut. i told him what I had 
 heard, and looked at the fame time 
 to fee if M. Lcger was returning. 
 We had gone hardly two hundred 
 paces when I perceived feveral per- 
 fons : I ran to meet them, and M. 
 Furft ran back to carry this happy 
 news to our fick. When I was 
 
 
 [is;*,'".* 
 
 near 
 
( ^41 ) 
 
 near enough to diflinguifli objccSts, 
 I favv an Indian and his wife, whom 
 M. Lcger was condud:ing. I {poke 
 to the man, and he alked fcveral 
 quelVions, which I anfwcred. At 
 the fight of our hut he was miich 
 furprifed, and greatly affed:ed at the 
 ftatc to which we were reduced. 
 He promifed us to return the next 
 day, and that he would hunt in the 
 mean time, and bring us the game 
 he fhould kill. 
 
 
 i^ 
 
 it 
 'I 
 
 
 n 
 
 ) ' 
 
 
 ii^ 
 
 ■■•. ' 
 
 
 4 '■ 
 
 '■ !«■ 
 .... > 
 
 • I I 
 
 We pafled the night in cxpedla- 
 tioa that he would perform his 
 promife, and in returning thanks to 
 God for the fuccour he had fent us. 
 The day appeared, but our hopes 
 
 were 
 
 v: ■ 
 
 "J 
 
 I. 
 
m 
 
 v5- 
 
 m> 
 
 '■At ,'ti*'/ . 
 
 M; 
 
 
 ^.V.. : i 
 
 
 
 
 ), 
 
 ( 142 ) 
 
 M'cre diuppointcd; the morning pafl 
 uwav, and the Indian did not an- 
 pear. Some flattered themf'elves lie 
 \\ ould come in the afternoon ; for 
 my part I fufpecfted the real caufe 
 of his abfence, and propofed that 
 we fliould go to his hut, and alk 
 the rcafon why he did not keep his 
 word, and, if he hcfitated in his 
 anfwer, compel him to difcover the 
 place where the velTel was in which 
 he had croffed into the ifland. We 
 proceeded; but judge of our furprife 
 when we came to the fpot ! we 
 found neither Indian nor canoe ; he 
 went off in the night, and we could 
 not pollibly difcover him. 
 
 To 
 
 

 ( 143 ) 
 
 To let you into the reafon of luck 
 conduct, I mufi: inform you, that 
 Indians fear death and fickncfs more 
 than any other people, and the flight 
 of this favaee arofe from that fear 
 which is pecuhar to his nation ; the 
 appearance of our fick men, the 
 dreadful ftate of their diforders, and 
 the infection of their wounds, had 
 fo much alarmed him, that, to 
 avoid any bad confequences, he had 
 broken his word, and changed his 
 place of refidence, for fear we fiiould 
 force him to return to our cabin 
 and affift us. 
 
 Although this difappointment 
 greatly afHi(!:l:ed us, we fliould have 
 
 felt 
 
 ; .1 
 
 
 1 1.'- 
 
 
 I. ¥ 
 
 
 
 • 4 
 
 ** 1 
 
 r: J- 
 
 
4iv ■' 
 
 
 U/ 
 
 
 ;> 
 
 !^ ! 
 
 
 ( 144 ) 
 
 felt it much more if there had nui 
 been a fecond canoe ; but it was 
 nccclTixry to take fome meafures to 
 v^revcnt the perfons to whom flie 
 belonged from going aw^ay with her 
 alfo. We were fearful that the In- 
 dian who had played us this trick 
 might inform his companions of 
 the danger there might be in ap- 
 proaching our cabin, and might 
 perfuadc him to remove his canoe 
 alfo in the night, and quit our 
 neighbourhood, 
 
 Thefe reflexions induced us to 
 take away the canoe, and thereby 
 oblige the favage to come to our 
 hut and affifl: us, however repugnant 
 
 it 
 
••'i. 
 
 { >lj ) 
 
 k might be to his fechngs. Witli- 
 oiit this precaution we miifl have 
 pcrilhcd : neither of tlie opportu- 
 nities we had to cfcapc would have 
 availed us, and our deaths would 
 have been certain. The canoe wc 
 made faft to a tree, fo that it was 
 not poflible to carry her away with- 
 out giving us an alarm. 
 
 Some days part in expedtatlon of 
 feeing the Indian to wliom the 
 canoe belonged, but no one ap- 
 peared, and during that period of 
 time our three fick men died. 
 
 On the yth, in the evening, M. 
 Le Vaffeur was feized with a faint- 
 
 ■ I, ; <" 
 
 4r 
 
 ." 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 ~ I 
 
 
 .1:? 
 
 'i -v • 
 
 ■ ■ 
 ^1' 
 
 ':»' 
 
 
 It' 
 
 .::*'';'i 
 
 ^1" 
 
 
 H 
 
 ing, 
 
 ■' • 
 
m 
 
 
 u 
 
 \1: 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 '-■■:u-,' 
 
 i\? T J- ' 
 
 
 
 ( 146 ) 
 
 ing, from which he never reco- 
 vered ; and the two others, feeing 
 that even the aflTiftance we expccftcd 
 from the Indian would be ufelefs to 
 them, as they were not in a con- 
 dition to walk, began to prepare 
 themfelves for death. 
 
 The younger Vaillant died on the 
 1 0th, after having fuffered for a 
 month beyond what it is pofTible to 
 imagine, and his patience was equal 
 to his fufTcrings ; he was only fix- 
 tcen years of age, and fon of M. 
 Vaillant who died the 8th of 
 March. He never complained of 
 the harJfliip of being fnatchcd out 
 of the world at fo early an age, but 
 
 expired 
 
 i I 
 
 St • 
 
 mil 
 
 ■ '-V' 
 
( '47 ) 
 
 expired with that rcfignation and 
 courage which characterizes a per- 
 fedl Chriftian. 
 
 M. Senncville imitated the vir- 
 tues of M. Vaillant, or ratlicr they 
 ferved as models to each other — the 
 fiime afflidions, the lame patience, 
 the fame rcfignation. I wiih I 
 could repeat corredlly what thofe 
 two young men faid to me a few 
 days before their deaths ; they made 
 me blulh to want tliat courage to 
 comfort them which they had to 
 fufFer. With what refpedl and con- 
 fidence did they fpeak of religion 
 and the mercies of God ? In what 
 terms did they exprefs their gra- 
 ft 2 titude ? 
 
 
 "^■:-1 
 
 ':\''- \ 
 
 
 h 
 
 
 •i!? 
 
 it - 
 
 •H.I 
 Ml 
 
( ^8 ) 
 
 titudc? They certainly pollcfici^ 
 the heft minds and heft hearts of 
 any young men I ever knew.. 
 
 iv 
 
 
 !?■ I 
 
 f»'. ■ 
 
 
 l^' '.. «•; 
 
 
 in-' 
 
 The latter often rcqucftcd mc to 
 amputate his legs, to prevent tlie 
 
 fun- 
 
 2:anprenc 
 
 fpread 
 
 inp-, 
 
 ov may \u\ 
 
 pofe his rcqueft was ufclefs, and I 
 conftantly rcfufed. I rcprefcnted 
 to him that I had no inftrumcnts 
 proper for the operation ; and that 
 if I was to attempt it, far fro 
 
 m 
 
 cafinfr, it wou 
 
 Id only 
 
 auiiment his 
 
 !- 
 
 pain, without faving his life. He 
 then fettled his affairs, wrote to his 
 parents in the moft alfeCling man- 
 ner, and on the 13th refigned his 
 foul at the age of twenty. He was 
 
 a Ca- 
 
 i''^. 
 
 f'>- ."■ '' 
 
 m 
 
 
( '19 ) 
 
 n Canadian, ion of M. Scnncvlllc 
 of Montreal. 
 
 The death oi thcfc three vidims 
 to cold and hunger greatly aftedlcd 
 me, although their lives may be 
 fiiid to have been burdens to them. 
 I had the affedion of a father to 
 tliem, and they made a fuitablc re- 
 turn ; yet when I reflecfled that 
 had the Indian returned while they 
 lived, I muft have left them alone 
 and dertitutc in the hut, or have 
 loft the opportunity of getting 
 away, I thought I ought to thank 
 tlic Lord for having fpared me fo 
 cruel an alternative, by taking the 
 dying men to himfelf. Befidcs, wc 
 
 H 3 had 
 
 
 v. 
 
 ( 
 
 ..'•:;; > 
 
 ,. ■ ■( 
 
 
 
 '.K 
 
 I' I- 
 
 ; r ■ 
 
( ^5^ ) 
 
 
 Iv:-: 
 
 i»» 
 
 
 
 !.».■. 
 
 iS3 
 
 1 
 
 
 ^ff 
 
 had now none of our provilions IciV, 
 except ii fmall ham which wc were 
 afraid to touch, and we contented 
 ourfelvcs with fuch IhcU fiili as 
 Lcger and I could from time to 
 time pick up on the (ea fide. Our 
 weakncfs was daily increafing, and 
 Avc were fcarcely able to fupporl 
 ourfelvcs, when I took the refolu- 
 tion to go in fearch of the Indians 
 whofe arrival we expedted, and for 
 that purpofe to make ufe of their 
 canoe. To repair '.l we got fomc 
 
 c;um 
 
 om the treco, and wi 
 
 th 
 
 our 
 
 hatchet made two paddles as well 
 as WT could. I knew \'cry well 
 how to paddle, which was a great 
 advantairc for the execution of our 
 
 dcfign, 
 
 '^ 
 
 
( '51 ) 
 
 dcflgn, aiul even niiglu induce us to 
 venture, in cafe we eould not find 
 any Indians, to crofs the river in 
 the canoe. Th.'s was our laft re- 
 fource ; for, when life is at ftake, 
 wc willingly run every ri(k. We 
 were furc t^iat we could exift but a 
 few days longer in this iiland — in 
 venturing to crofs wc only rilked 
 life, and we might fuccced. 
 
 
 ♦•II , -ii 
 
 
 i!'^ 
 
 On the 26th of April all was 
 ready, we dreflfed our piece of ham, 
 and liril ate the broth, with inten- 
 tion to refervc the meat for our 
 voyage, but in the evening we were 
 fo prcfled with hunger, that we 
 
 were obliged to cat the whole. 
 
 II 4 
 
 Next 
 
 ♦" 
 
It: 
 
 
 ■»■, 
 
 <l. '. 
 
 
 yi ' 
 
 •Ti-^f 
 
 
 
 ( ^5^ J 
 Next c'aj wc did not find an; 
 incrcafc of our flrcngth, and wc 
 were without refourcc, and no prof- 
 pcdl o/ finding any in time to pre- 
 serve us from pcrilhing; we pre- 
 P'lrcd ourfdves therefore for death, 
 reciting ilic litany of the Saints; 
 and tlirowing ourfelves on our knees, 
 I pronounced this prayer ; 
 
 *' Great God! if *tis your will 
 ** that we meet the fame fate with 
 *' the forty pafons who have pe* 
 ** riflicd under our eyes, haften to 
 ** accomplifh it; do not permit us 
 ** to defpair, but call us from the 
 •* world i:i this our prefcnt ftate of 
 •' rcfignati- n. But, O Lord! if 
 
 ** our 
 
c t 
 
 (t 
 
 ( i 
 
 t< 
 
 i« 
 
 i ( 
 
 ( ( 
 
 t i 
 
 t ( 
 
 ( '^53 ) 
 
 our death is now decreed, fend 
 us help, and give us ftrength 
 to fupport, without complaining, 
 thole afHidions which tliy juftice 
 l^as prepared, that we may not 
 lofe in an inftant the fruit of that 
 lubmiflion which we have hitherto 
 manifeftcd for the decrees of thy 
 providence." 
 
 I had fcarcely ended my prayer, 
 when we heard the firinj^ of a muf- 
 ket, which we foon anfwered, and 
 conchidcd it was the Indian to 
 whom the canoe belonged : he 
 wanted to know if any of us were 
 alive, and being allured we were 
 by anfwering his fignal, he lighted 
 
 }i 5 his 
 
 
 
 
 
 ,- < 
 
 
 t 
 
 
 M 
 
'A 
 
 •■-■» ■ ,. ' 
 
 
 'I 
 
 ( ^5'i ) 
 
 his fire. He did not fuppofc wc 
 were in a ftate to go to him, and 
 apparently did not wifli we fliould ; 
 for, as foon as he perccivxd us, he 
 hid a part of a bear he had killed 
 in the woods, and ran away. 
 
 As we were in boots we found 
 much difficulty in getting to his 
 fire, for we were obliged to crofs a 
 pretty large river, and which had 
 been thawed a few days. We fol- 
 lowed his track, but with incredible 
 fatigue, which would have been ufe- 
 iefs if the Indian had not been 
 obliged to flop for his child, a boy 
 of about fevcn years of age, to fol- 
 low him* This circumflance pre- 
 
 fcrved 
 
 
 i: % 
 
 
 4 ■< 
 
( K)5 ) 
 
 ferved us. Wc overtook him to- 
 wards the evening, and he diredly 
 aflced us if our fick men were aead. 
 This qucrtion, which he afked with 
 apparent fear that they were yet 
 ahve, convinced us that the other 
 Indian had informed him of our 
 iituation, and of the rifk he would 
 run hy coming near our abode. 
 I did not think proper to anfwer his 
 queflion immediately, but, without 
 any circumlocution, prefTed him to 
 return back, and give us fomething 
 to eat. He dared not refift ; wc 
 were two to one, well armed, and 
 fully refolved not to quit him for a 
 moment. He then confcfTed he had 
 a bear almofi: whole, which he was 
 
 H 6 rcadv 
 
 If 
 
 i. ' 
 
 II 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 I.', 
 
 t 1 I 
 
 I i 
 
r.r: 
 
 i::;v 
 
 •'1 «'.■. 
 
 
 H*;:'.l 
 
 1^^ 
 
 F^. 
 
 .•■,•'•«' • ■ 
 
 
 
 W- 
 
 
 ( i5^-> ) 
 ready to fliare with us. When \vc 
 returned to the place where he had 
 hidden the bear, we each of us cat 
 a bit half drelTed, and then we made 
 him and his wife eat, and conducted 
 them to the fpot where we had left 
 M. Furft. This poor man waited 
 for us with great impatience, and 
 we found him almoll exhaufted. 
 Judge how great his joy muft be, 
 when wc informed him that we had 
 got both provifions and help. He 
 eat at firfc a piece of the bear^ and 
 we put the pot on the fire, and kept 
 it there the whole night, taking 
 occaiionally fomc of the broth. We 
 dared not go to lleep, for fear the 
 favagc, who would not enter the 
 
 hut, 
 
 ^■'' 
 
( ^57 ) 
 
 hut, flioulJ run away. As foon a3 
 the day appeared, I gave him to 
 uiideriland that he muil contlud: us 
 to the place where the boat lay 
 which had brouizlit him into this 
 
 (land 
 
 an 
 
 d to 
 
 1 
 
 engage him to .;o lo 
 
 fc 
 
 I told him we IhouiJ treat liim 
 
 ve 
 
 ry 
 
 ill, if he did not con (en t 
 
 Ipeedily. Fear of death fit liim 
 fpeedily to work to inake a fleigh, 
 or fledge, on which he fixed his 
 canoe, and made figns tor Leger 
 and me to draw it. Undoubtedly 
 he wi(hed we Ihould fatigue our- 
 felves, and give up the fuccour 
 which would coft us fo dear. We 
 might eafily have compelled him to 
 
 Irag 
 
 the 
 
 com; 
 canoe himfelf 
 
 but I did 
 not 
 
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 not think that would he proper; as 
 it was ncccffary fo hu-mjur him, 
 and only take Aich precautions with 
 him as not to be made his dupes. 
 
 i<' ' 
 
 
 
 |S..,\.V 
 
 I defircd the Indian and his wife 
 to walk betore us, under pretence 
 of cltaring the way; but I did not 
 confine my precautions to them only; 
 I told them I thoupht the child 
 would be too much fatigued in 
 walking, and would put him into 
 the canoe, as it would be a pleafurc 
 to us to relieve him. 
 
 i-: 
 
 Ff, ,.,,. 
 
 sv 
 
 «■■'.■ 
 
 The heart of a parent is every 
 where the fame; there is no one 
 who does not conceive himfelf under 
 
 an 
 
 
( '59 ) 
 
 an obligation for the fcrvice done to 
 his child, and accepts it with pica- 
 furc. Ihiis the boy became a 
 hoflagc to us for the fidelity of his 
 father. Wc walked in this way, for 
 above a league, either in fnow, in 
 water, or upon ice; our fatigue was 
 extreme, but hopes of the relief we 
 fhould find fupported and gave us 
 courage. We could noC, however, 
 pofiibly continue to drag this canoe, 
 and were nearly exhauficd, w^hen 
 ihe Indian, touched with our fitua- 
 tion, took it on his flioulder, carried 
 it to the fea, and put his wife and 
 child on board. As the canoe could 
 hold only four perfons, and confe- 
 •qucntly there was but one of us 
 
 three 
 
 
 ^1 
 
 ; .f 
 
 ^h 
 

 
 ■. i 1 , 
 
 
 ( 160 ) 
 
 three who could embark, the qucf- 
 tion now was, which (houki be the 
 man ? I offered to flay, and to let 
 Meffrs. Fiirft and Legcr ao-ree be- 
 tween themfelves which fhould eo. 
 Each of them wiflied to have the 
 preference, and were fearful of 
 lofing this opportunity of avoiding 
 • an unhappy end. While they were 
 difputing, tlie Indian made figns 
 for me to come forward, and told 
 me he gueffed the caufe of difpute 
 between my two companions, and 
 that he would take none but me. 
 Without giving time for reply, he 
 pulled me into the canoe, and 
 pi I (lied off. 
 
 
 Meffrs 
 
 
 :'h'»: 
 
{ i6i ) 
 
 Meflrs. Fiirft and Lcgcr their 
 deemed their deftriiclion certain^ 
 and loudly expreflcd their dcfpair. 
 I could not refill:, and begged the 
 Indian to draw near the Ihorc, that 
 I might fpeak a few words of con- 
 folation to my companions. When 
 I was near enough, I juftified my 
 condudl towards them by repeating 
 what the Indian had faid, and ad- 
 vifed them to keep along the fea 
 fhore; and promifed, on the word 
 of a divine, that, as foon as I 
 reached the Indian's hut, I would- 
 come back to them with the canoe. 
 They knew me incapable of per- 
 juring myfclf j the afllirances I gave 
 them calmed their minds, and they 
 
 faw 
 
 '5!- 
 
 . ■ ■? " 
 
 ■m 
 
 \- 
 
 : W 
 
 ys 
 
 •■u 
 
 J 
 
 'ft. . 
 
 4\. 
 
 '-i ' t 
 
 
( i62 ) 
 
 faw us put to fea without in- 
 quietude. 
 
 
 It' 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wc landed the lame day, and 
 the Indian took his canoe on his 
 flioulders, carried it near the wood, 
 and laid it on the fnow. As I was 
 fatigued with being fo long on my 
 knees in the canoe, I laid myfelf 
 down to reft on a ftone by the fca 
 fide; and thinking, after fome time, 
 that the Indian was lighting his fire 
 with intent t 
 
 fleep 
 
 took 
 
 up my g 
 
 un, two nac 
 
 pL 
 Idles 
 
 am 
 
 two large pieces of meat, which I 
 had put into the boat to fave MefTrs. 
 Lcger and Furft the trouble of car- 
 rying them, and climbed up upon 
 
 fome 
 
 
( i63 ) 
 
 fome ice which was fix feet high at 
 Icaft. I was no fooncr there, than 
 I faw my Indian and his wife had 
 put on their rackets, which are a 
 kind of fnow fhoes which the Ca- 
 nadian Indians ufe to walk quick on 
 the fnow. The man took his boy 
 on his fhoulders, and both ran as 
 hard as they could ; the cries I 
 made to ftop them only made them 
 fly the fafter : as foon as I could 
 throw away my paddles, I got down 
 the ice, and with my gun and my 
 meat purfued their track for fomc 
 time. 
 
 t 
 
 
 •hi 
 
 'l jr' 
 ■•9)1! f 
 
 ..'■ii ' 
 .t,..» 
 
 
 In getting up on the ice I 
 wounded my right leg confiderably, 
 
 which 
 
 .:-!• 
 
 ■If; » 
 

 It'*' '■■:■■•« 
 ft.-, it,-^' 
 
 »*:■ 
 
 
 
 N:' 
 
 •:•■/■ 
 
 
 ': V \ 
 
 ( 164 ) 
 
 which received additional injuiy 
 in my running — -every ftep my leg 
 funk into the fnow, and tliat was 
 every moment: I loft my breathy 
 and was many times obliged to reft 
 on my gun to recover it. While 
 in this pofture, I heard the voice of 
 M. Leger. This meeting gave us 
 both great pleafure. I told him 
 what had paflrd, and he in hi's turn 
 informed me it M. Furft, over- 
 whelmed with fatigue, was unable 
 to keep up with him, and that he 
 had left him extended on the fnow 
 a confiderable diftance from where 
 we then w^ere. 
 
 At 
 
 , .'1 '."■ 
 a>:'",t". I 
 
» • 
 
 injury 
 ly leg 
 t was 
 rcath^ 
 ^o reft 
 While 
 ice of 
 ve us 
 him 
 
 ! turn 
 over- 
 nable 
 at he 
 fnow 
 vbere 
 
 At 
 
 ( 165 ) 
 
 At any other time I lliould have 
 flown to his alhihmce, but as it was 
 of the utmoft importance to us to 
 overtake our fugitive, and M. Legcr 
 was fenlible how much we riilced 
 by lofing time in purfuing hini, we 
 immediately ran towards tlie place 
 where I knew he had fled; but as 
 lie had quitted the fnow to take th,- 
 fea lide, which was low and fandy, 
 we were detained fome time; we' 
 however, continued our courfe, and,' 
 after walking a quarter of an hour, 
 we difcovered the Indian's track: 
 he had quitted his rackets, un- 
 doubtedly on a fuppofition that I 
 could not follow him fo far. This 
 
 circum- 
 
 41 
 
 '■f 
 
 ^^lli 
 
 
m 
 
 ::';i^ 
 
 
 ^'.; 
 
 
 K»- : '" 
 
 r I 
 
 Sit. v.. , 
 
 . 4. V - ■ 
 
 
 91 «* .;■■»", t 
 
 ( i66 ) 
 
 circumftance made us believe we 
 were not far from his dwelling : we 
 redoubled our fpeed, and when we 
 approached a wood we heard a gun 
 fire; this we did not think proper 
 to anfwer, concluding that if it was 
 he who had fired, he would put on 
 his rackets to enable him to run 
 with greater hafte when he knew 
 we were fo near. 
 
 We continued walking, and a 
 little time after the firfl gun fired 
 wc heard a fecond : this made us 
 fufpedl that the Indian defigned to 
 light his fire in this place, and refl 
 himfelf and family, but that he 
 
 wifhed 
 
 
( 1^7 ) 
 
 wifhcd firft to know if any one was 
 in piirluit of hun. Oar conjecture 
 herein was wrong. 
 
 Ten minutes after the fecond re- 
 port we heard a third, and were fo 
 near that we faw the flafli ; but we 
 did not anfwer, and continued to 
 advance in lilence. On our road 
 we found a boat, on which they had 
 been at work, and about twenty 
 paces further we faw a large hut. 
 We enttred with an air which 
 agreed with our fituation, that of 
 fupphants, but an okl man who 
 fpoke French would not permit us 
 to proceed. " Every man,'* fciys 
 he, ** is our equal. Your misfor- 
 
 ** tunes 
 
 ' •••'•-'1 
 
 
 •t 
 
 • i 
 
 
 I ': ' '' 
 
 ■ill 
 
 ■ 1 . ( 
 
 
 II: 
 
 '•*•' 
 
 hi 
 
■'J-^f' H 
 
 
 I* r • 
 
 
 
 ■■■V,: 
 
 
 
 
 
 ( 168 ) 
 
 tunes render you worthy, and I 
 look upon it as a favour granted 
 by heaven to be furniflied with 
 an opportunity to do good to 
 men whom misfortune has pur- 
 fued. I only alk of you a re- 
 lation of what has paffed fince 
 you have been in this ifland ; I 
 fliall be happy to condole with 
 you on your paft misfortunes, 
 and my fenfibility will add to 
 your confolation." 
 
 At the fame time he ordered that 
 our meat fhould be dreffed with 
 fomc peas, and that nothing fliould 
 be omitted to prove that humanity 
 is as much a virtue among Ame- 
 rican 
 
 ( i 
 
 « ( 
 
 ( ( 
 
 i i 
 
and I 
 ranted 
 
 with 
 od to 
 
 pur- 
 a re- 
 
 fincc 
 nd; I 
 
 with 
 tunes, 
 dd to 
 
 ( !«<) ) 
 
 rrcan Indians as more civilifed na- 
 tions. As foon as he had given his 
 i-nilrrudions, he requcfted us to 
 iatisfy his curiofity. I did fo, and 
 endeavoured to omit no one cir- 
 cumftance which had attended our 
 misfortune. After I had ended my 
 tale, I requefted t^.e old man to tell 
 me why the two Indians, wliom we 
 had feen in the height of our mii- 
 fortun^s, had rcfufed us any help. 
 
 |! 
 t 
 I. 
 
 '4' 
 
 
 • I*'';"* 
 t1,-» 
 
 .«.; 
 
 
 ^•1 
 
 i that 
 with 
 hould 
 lanity 
 !\me- 
 rican 
 
 ** The Indians,'* fays he, ** trem- 
 ** ble at the name of ficknefs, and 
 **all my reafoning has not been 
 '* able to difpel that fear from thofe 
 ** you now fee in this cabin. Not 
 ** that they are infenfible to the 
 
 « i 
 
 mis- 
 
 •I .H 
 
 ^r 
 
 ji! 
 
Iff' ' ■' 
 
 
 : ■• It 
 
 
 pi 
 
 ( 170 ) 
 
 ** misfortunes of their brethren— 
 ** they would wifli to comfort them, 
 *' but the fear of breathing a cor- 
 ** rupicd air, checks that emotion 
 •* in their hearts which naturally 
 ** leads them to compaffion* They 
 ** fear death, not like other men; 
 *• and I know not if they would 
 ** xiot be guilty of the greatefl 
 ** crimes to avoid it. There/' faid 
 he, fliewing me an Indian whicli 
 flood behind the others, ** is the 
 '* man who broke his word with 
 ** you. He returned to us about 
 *' the beginning of the moon, and 
 '* related to us the dreadful fitua- 
 '* tion in which he had feen the 
 ** Frenchmen, whom he thought 
 
 < i 
 
 ^^•ere 
 
 mm 
 
 mh-0. 
 
;:;'.;.i 
 
 ( ^7^ ) 
 
 ** vvere by this time all dead; but 
 ** he would willingly have given 
 ** them affiftance, had not he feared 
 ** the corruption which raged among 
 ** them. There is the other," faid 
 he, fhewing me the man I had rufi 
 after ; * * he arrived here before you, 
 ** and informed us there were three 
 *' Frenchmen ftill living, who were 
 ** no longer in the jaws of death, 
 '* but who appeared well, and he 
 ** believed we might venture to 
 *' fuccour them without fear of in- 
 ** fcdious air. We had deliberated 
 ** a few minutes ; afterwards we 
 ** fcnt an Indian towards the olace 
 
 were, that he 
 
 you 
 
 < i 
 
 that he might 
 inform you, by firing three guns. 
 
 
 ,... ii' 
 
 '!l''1 
 
 ."!•! t 
 
 \ i(. 
 
 J- 
 
 .■ -If 
 
 ■ i' 
 
 1 
 
 I 2 
 
 ( ( 
 
 oi 
 
 '' 1 1 
 
 !•")'' 
 
v' 
 
 m-: 
 
 Iff.. 
 
 
 
 < ( 
 
 1 1 
 
 ( t 
 
 « i 
 
 i ( 
 
 << 
 
 i( 
 
 ( ( 
 
 < t 
 
 < t 
 
 ( ( 
 
 ( I 
 
 < ( 
 
 ( 172 ) 
 
 of the place of our abode. There- 
 fore it was the ficknefs amonfr 
 you which alone prevented us 
 from afTifting you; and perhaps 
 we might have come to you not- 
 withftanding, had we not been 
 told, that any help we could fend 
 you would be of no fcrvice, and 
 that we fliould run a great rilk 
 in approaching your dwelling, 
 which was filled and furrounded 
 with an atmofphere infedious 
 and dangerous to breathe.*' 
 
 
 
 
 i'i'l- 
 
 
 • -J • 
 
 This difcourfe, from a man who 
 was one of a nation that a falfe 
 prejudice had taught us to believe 
 were incapable of thinking, and 
 
 whom 
 
 
 I?''?' 4 
 
rhere- 
 imong 
 :cd u6 
 erhaps 
 u not- 
 : been 
 d fend 
 ^, and 
 It rilk 
 filing, 
 unded 
 dious 
 
 1 who 
 falle 
 
 elievc 
 and 
 
 vhom 
 
 ( 173 ) 
 
 tV'hom we had unjuftly conchideJ 
 to be deftitute of fcntimcnt and ex- 
 prcffion, furprifed me greatly. In- 
 deed I muft confefs that, to impart 
 fuch an idea of this Indian as I 
 would wifli to give, it would be 
 neceflfary to hear him. 
 
 When the old man had ended his 
 difcourfe, I endeavoured to exprefs 
 to him the gratitude we felt, and 
 defircd him to accept of my mufls^et, 
 
 w 
 
 hich, 
 
 m 
 
 po 
 
 mt OJ 
 
 goo 
 
 dnefs and 
 
 ornaments, w^as far preferable to 
 
 any in the hut. I afterwards told 
 him, that fatigue had prevented one 
 of our comrades from following: us, 
 and that we fhould efteem it the 
 
 I 3 highefl 
 
 itt. .:■ 
 
 •:m 
 
 11 '1 ,. 
 
 ■iiii 
 
 ■ill' J 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 
( 174 ) 
 
 h\ 
 
 
 
 
 %•{"■■■ i' 
 
 'if.-/ 1* 
 '•■■,.«■ 
 
 highcft favour if he would iclui 
 out two of his men to aflift us in 
 bringing him in. My entreaties 
 were inefFcdual ; the Indians are 
 airaid of going out in the night, 
 iuid we could not procure any to go 
 to M, Fuift's affirtancc, but they 
 promifed to accon\pany me early in 
 the morning. This refufal made 
 mc very unhappy ; the old ludiaft 
 faw my uneafinefs, and told mc it 
 would be ufelefs to feck for my 
 friend in the night, a$ be had no, 
 mufket to give notice where he was, 
 and that we had better flay till the 
 morning. M. Furll was therefore 
 obliged to pafs the night jn the 
 fnoH', prote<5tcd fron> death by ^l^e 
 
 biMul 
 
 ^)k' 
 
C ^75 ) 
 Rand o( God alone, for even in the 
 hut we endured a moil levere cold. 
 The Indians make no fire when 
 they fleep, and thelc had no blan- 
 kets, conlcquently \vc pafTcd a mi- 
 lerahk night, 
 
 ^m 
 
 ■'•it] 
 'fill 
 
 .!■ <J 
 
 i '. 1 
 
 
 On the next day, as we were 
 preparing to go in fearch of M. 
 Furft, wc faw him coming towards 
 us; he had followed our traces, 
 and, to come up with us, he had 
 availed himfelf of the hardnefs of 
 the fnow which the cold of the 
 night occafions, and which will 
 then fupport the weight of thofe 
 who walk on it. Our firft care was 
 ta- warm, then to give him fome 
 
 I 4 refrefh- 
 
( '76 ) 
 
 
 •'•■I 
 
 '■V i-:^ 
 
 
 
 
 a:; 
 
 iS!;^ 
 
 rcfrefhment, and we reciprocally 
 cxprefTed our pleafure at meeting 
 each other again. 
 
 The 29th and 30th we remained 
 with the Indians ; we obferved that 
 the attention wc paid to fome ex- 
 cited jealoufy in the reft, and they 
 all endeavoured to furpafs each 
 other in their fervices to us. We 
 were not in want either of the meat 
 of the bear, or carabou, during thofe 
 
 days, and they were fure to give us 
 the moft delicate pieces. I do not 
 know whether the duties of hof- 
 pitality are beft fulfilled by the 
 Europeans or the Indians, but I 
 am tempted to believe that the 
 
 latter 
 
 
( ^77 ) 
 
 latter execute them with the better 
 grace. 
 
 The ill: of May they launched 
 their boat; we all embarked, and 
 let fail. The wind failed us at 
 noon, when about fix leagues from 
 the continent. This greatly affeded 
 me, for fear I iliould not be able to 
 affift my companions who remained 
 near the place of fliipwreck; and 
 in th-s fear I req^.^ited the old man 
 to let me have two men and a bark 
 canoe to get to the fliore. With a 
 view to induce him to grant my 
 requeft, I promifed to fend to him, 
 and thofe who were with him in the 
 boat, fome tobacco and brandy, as 
 
 ^ 5 foon 
 
 
 
 ;;it 
 
 i 
 
 )f: 
 
f; ' f ; 
 
 i»- ' 
 
 ft*!*' 
 
 ■'1>-.' 
 
 
 ■M,.*: 
 
 
 
 C ITS' ) 
 
 fbon as I fliould get among the 
 French fettlers. Although he was 
 willing to oblige me, yet- he had a 
 council before he acceded; and ir 
 was not without difficulty that my 
 requeft was granted. They were 
 fearful that a paflage of fix leagues 
 was too much for a canoe, and they 
 were unwilling to expofe us to 
 danger. We departed, however, 
 and about half after eleven at night 
 we reached the fliore and fettlement. 
 I went into the firft houfe I faw, 
 which belonged to M. Volant, a 
 native of St. Germain en L6ye, my 
 friend, and chief of this poft. I 
 could not have fallen into better 
 hands, as h^ had not only the defirc, 
 
 but 
 
 
■I 
 
 ( 179 ) 
 
 but ability to ferve me. At firft he 
 did not recoiled: me, and indeed I 
 was not in a ftate to be recoUeded ; 
 but as foon as I told him my name,, 
 he loaded me with expreflions of 
 friendfliip, and the pleafure wc 
 had in meeting each other was ex- 
 treme. I at firft told him of my 
 engagement with the Indians, and 
 brandy and tobacco were prepared 
 for every one of our deliverers. 
 They did not reach us until ten 
 o'clock in the morning, during 
 which interval I gave M. Volant a; 
 detail of our adventures, and forcibly 
 pleaded the caufe of the twenty-four 
 men who remained near the wreck. 
 My friend was much afFcdcd with 
 
 their 
 
 'ii 
 
 •1^ 
 
 '.\ 
 
 , 
 
 ■y 
 
 
m 
 
 
 w '■.: 
 
 '■; ^ 
 
 '•■^.■; 
 
 I ■ » 
 
 if'' •■•'V i 
 
 
 ( 180 ) 
 
 their fituation. He immediately 
 prepared a boat to go in fearch of 
 them, and alfo if tl^ '^hirteen men 
 who were in the /awl were ftill 
 alive. He failed, and when he 
 reached the neighbourhood in which 
 our fliip was wrecked, fired fome 
 mufkets, to give information to 
 thofe who had been left there. He 
 foon faw four men, who threw 
 themfelves on their knees, and with 
 folded hand« entreated him to favc 
 th^ir lives. Their haggard looks, 
 and the found of their voices, which 
 announced them to be on the brink 
 rf the grave, affecfted M. Volant 
 greatly. He joined them, and gave 
 them fome refrefhment, but very 
 
 moderate. 
 
 W 
 
 i*;'?". 
 
 km 
 
( '8i ) 
 
 moderate, for fear that too large a 
 quantity might caufe their deaths. 
 Notvvithftanding tliis judicious pre- 
 caution, one of them named Ten- 
 guy, a Breton, died after drinking 
 a glafs of brandy. 
 
 ^ 
 
 i 
 
 .1 
 
 Twenty-one of the company were 
 dead ; thefe my friend ordered to be 
 interred, and the three who had 
 furvived the fatigues, famine, and 
 the rigour of the feafon, we brought 
 away. It was, however, a con- 
 fiderable time before they were re- 
 ftored to health; one of them, 
 Fourellot, the boatfwain, had inter- 
 vals of infanity, and the two others, 
 named. Baudet and Bonaw, had their 
 
 bodies 
 
 1 
 
 ii 
 
( '8:2 ) 
 
 , ■ v . 
 ,i 
 
 5oclics fuelled all over. Gcx:)d iooii, 
 and the care taken of them, rcftorcd 
 them, if not to pcrfedl health, at 
 leafl: they were fo recovered as to 
 depart with us for Quebec. 
 
 ■> 
 
 y *■« - 
 
 ft-;' 
 
 As he returned, M. Volant per- 
 ccivrd on the (here two bodies ap- 
 parently of drowned men, and fome 
 remains of a canoe. He drew nearer 
 to Vz certain of what he faw, and 
 fired fome guns to difcovcr if any 
 one was in the neighbourhood. No 
 one appeared or anfwered, and I 
 therefore concluded that the thir^ 
 teen men who were in the canoe 
 died of hunger and cold, for my" 
 friend faw, at fome diftance from 
 
 the 
 
( i83 ) 
 
 the leu fide, a kind of hut, a proof 
 that they had landed, and, being 
 deftitute of help, murt: have perilhcd 
 niiferably. 
 
 :| 
 
 I need not tell you how much 
 we were affcdlcd when wc faw the 
 three men arrive who had been left 
 behind; you may naturally fiippofe 
 our interview was very affedting, 
 and that tears were not fpared on 
 cither fide. 
 
 After our firft emotions, I en- 
 quired how they had been able to 
 tfxift fo long, and in what manner 
 their companions had ended their 
 lives. They told me that fome had 
 
 periflicd 
 
 •i 
 
 i f 
 
 ( 
 

 m 
 
 '. ''>'■'•' 
 
 #"^1 
 
 'I ■ ■■"■.: 
 
 Si 
 
 mi 
 m' 
 
 Iff a ■; 
 
 J>>.,i 
 K >;• ' 
 
 
 mi 
 
 ( 184 ) 
 
 perilled by cold and hunger, and 
 others had been carried off by dread- 
 ful ulcers ; that their wants had 
 been fo great that the furvivors had 
 eaten even the fhoes of their dead 
 companions, after having firfl: boiled 
 them in melted fnow, and after- 
 guards broiled them* Thrt when 
 this refourcc failed, they had re- 
 courfe to the leather breeches of the 
 deceafed, and that when M. Volant 
 found them they had but one or 
 two pairs remaining. 
 
 You may fee therefore t!iat the 
 fituation of thcfc poor men was as 
 afflicting as our own, and that they 
 fuffercd perhaps more than wc did, 
 
 parti— 
 
 ff 
 
( »85 ) 
 
 particularly as they were under the 
 neccflity of eating the cloaths of 
 their deceafcd companions. 
 
 • 
 
 We remained near fix weeks at 
 Mingan, which we employed only 
 in returning thanks to God, who 
 had preferved us in the midft of 
 fuch imminent dano:er. M. Leo:er 
 quitted us to go to Labrador, 
 there to get a paffage for Old 
 France; but we took our paffage, 
 on the 8th of June, in a fmall veffel 
 for Quebec, and with a favourable 
 wind reached it on the 13th. 
 Every one was aftonifhed at our 
 return, as they thought we had been 
 in France, and were anxic^is to 
 
 know 
 
 
 - 1 
 
 i 
 
 '{ 
 
( 186 ) . 
 
 know what had happened to us 
 fince our departure, and we fatisfied 
 thofe who were nfioft concerned to 
 
 know. 
 
 i ■ ■ :| 
 
 V ' '4 
 
 
 i/>' 
 
 ^rj 
 
 
 
 •■■■ > 
 
 
 ¥^'.v«i 
 
 'Ml 
 
 
 Next day we put the three fea- 
 men that M^ Volant had brought 
 aw^ay into the hofpital, and M. 
 Furft and I did all w^e could for 
 the perfed: re-eftablifhment of our 
 health. As foon as I was fuffi- 
 ciently recovered, they gave me the 
 little living of Soulange, which I 
 ferved for about a year, and then 
 received another order to return to 
 France. I embarked therefore as 
 chaplain to the king's fliip the 
 Ruby, and failed the 2ift of Odto- 
 
 ber, 
 
T 187 ) 
 
 ^^er, 1738, and reached Port Lewis, 
 in Bretagne, the 2d of December, 
 to take in provifions, as our ftock 
 was nearly expended. Having fup. 
 plied this want, we failed for 
 Rochefort, the place of our def- 
 tination, where my duty detained 
 me until the fliip was put out of 
 iervicc. - i 
 
 THE END. 
 
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