IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3; V / O m w., 1.0 I.I 1.25 i^llllM IIIIM lb 140 1.4 IIIIIM [[2.0 IIU 1.6 V] du odifier una maga Tha copy filmad hara has baan raproducad thanks to tha ganarosity of: Library Division Provincial Archives of British Columbia Tha imagas appaaring hara ara tha bast quality possibia considaring tha condition and lagibility of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha filming contract spacifications. L'axamplaira film* fut raproduit grica A la ginArosit* da: Library Division Provincial Archives of British Columbia Las imagas suivantas ont AtA raproduitas avac la plus grand soin, compta tanu da la condition at da la nattatA da l'axamplaira film6, at an conformity avac las conditions du contrat da filmaga. Original copias in printad papar covers ara filmad baginning with tha front covar and anding on tha last paga with a printad or illustratad impras- sion, or tha back covar whan appropriate. All othar original cjpias ara filmad baginning on tha first page with a printad or illustratad impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printad or illustratad impression. Thb last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol -^ (meaning "CON- TINUED "), or the symbol V (meaning "END"). whichever applies. Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les exemplairas originaux dont la couvarture an papier est imprimAa sont filmAs an commandant par la premier plat at an tarminant soit par la darniAra paga qui comporta una empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par la second plat, salon la cas. Tous las autras exemplairas originaux sont film6s an comman9ant par la pramidra page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration at en terminant par la derniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole — ^ signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbols V signifie "FIN ". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmds A des taux da reduction diffArants. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clichA, il est film* A partir de Tangle supAriaur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de 'laut an bas, en prenant le nombre d'imagas nAcessaire. Les diagrammas suivants illustrent la mAthoda. rrata to palure, nd D 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 BRITISH COLUMBIA AND ALASKA (0 INDIAN^BAZAAR. s. o no c . ^ o o o (l) no O o H o r -5 oa CD CO ;^' CO ■D o ■■■» 5 z o CD CO O o o o c ■5 o (0 O 3 CD \ Victoria Loan anci Security Co., Ltd. F. LANDSBERG, Managing Director. 43 Johnson St., VICTORIA, B, C, THE INDIAN MYTHOLOGY. In the beginniog there was nothing but sky and water, in the sky a moon. A bird came out of the moon with a small ring or moon in its mouth. On coming to the water it got on the back of a large fish. There was no earth. The fish got into shallow water with the bird. The bird dropped the ring from its bill, when a large toad came and swallowed the ring. The toad soon became impregnated, then a child was born from the toad. It was a girl. The bird took it tc» feed it, and by the time it came to maturity, there sprung up out of the waters a beach with thick woods. The bird left the girl on the beach and went off into the woods to seek food for it, then a bear came out of the woods and went to the girl and hugged her, and from her the first man was born. This is the ancient account or legend of the creation by the Indians. Consequently they consider themselves descended from the bird, fish, toad and bear. So each family takes one of these as their crest. *'-^? -^ THE TOTEM POLE. LEGENDS AND TRADITIONS OF ALASKA INDIANS. TALES OF THE TOTEM POLES-NE-klL-STLASS THE CREATOR-THE-RAVEN GOD. Tliere are, or were, four large and importaDt tribes in Alaska, the names of which, in the Tsimsbean language are Kish-poot-wadda, bv far the most num- erous hereabouts, have for symbols the fin-back whale in the sea, the grizzly bear on land, the grouse in the air and the sun and stars. The next clan, known as the Canadda, have for symbols the frog, the raven, the star fish, and the bullhead. The Laclieboo. an- other clan, bad the heron and the grizzly bear for to- tems. Lacksiikeak, the eagle, beaver and the halibut. These creatures, however, are only regarded as the visible representatives of the powerful and mystical, beings or genii of Indian mythology, and as all of one group are said to be of the same kindred so all the members of the same class, whose heraldic symbols are same, are counted as blood relations, and strange to say, this relationship holds good should the persons belong to different or even hostile tribes or speak a different language, or be located thousands of miles apart and this relationship is perpetuated in the face of obliterating circumstances. The IndiauE point back to a remote age when their ancestors lived in a beautiful land, where, in a mysterious manner, the mythical creatures, whose symbols tbey retain, revealed themselves to the heads of the ftimilies of that day. They relate the traditional story of an overwhelm- ing flood which came and Bubmer£.3d the good land and spread death and destruction all around. Those of the ancients who escaped in canoes were drifted about and scattered in every direction on the face of the waters, and where they found tliemselves after ?5>3593 the fl'>od had subsided, there they located and staked out their pre-emptioo claims and formed new tribal aRsociations. Thus it was that persons related by blood became widely severed from each other. Nevertheless they retained and clunjf to the symbols which had dis- tinsruished them and their respective families before the flood. Hence the crests have continued to mark the oflfsprinsr of the original founders of each family. It may interest our readers to know to what practi- cal uses the natives apply their crests. First — Crests subdivide tribes into social clans, and a union of crests is a closer bond than a tribal union. Hecond — It is the ambition of all leading members of each clan in the several tribes to represent their rank by carving or painting their heraldic symbols on all their belongings, not omitting their household utensils, and on the death of the head of a family a totem pole was erected in front of his house by his successor, on which is carved or painted more or less elaborately, the symbolic creatures of his clan Third — The crests define the bonds of consanguinity and persons having the same crests are forbidden to intermarry ; that is, a frog cannot marry a frog, nor a whale a whale, but a frog may marry a wolf and a whale marry an eagle. Forth — All the children take the mother's crest and are incorporated as members of the mother's family, nor do they designate or regard their father's family as their relations, and therefore an Indian's heir or successor is not his own son, but his sister's son, and in case a woman being married into a distant tribe aveay from her relations, the offspring of such union when grown up, will leave their parents and go to their mother's tribe. Fifth — The clan relationship also regulates all feasting. A native invites the members of his own crest to a feast, they being regarded as his blood re- lations, are always welcome as guests, but at feasts, which are only iLjiven for display, all the clansmen within reasonable distance, are expected to contribute of their means and their services tfratuitously to make the feast a success, for on the fame of the feast hangs the honor of the clan. Sixth — This social biotherhood has much to do with promoting hospitality among the Indians. A stranger, with or without his family, in visiting an Indian village needs be at no loss for shelter; heat once goes to the house belonging to one of his crest, which he can easily distinguish by the totem pole in front of it. There he is sure of a hearty welcome and will be received as a brother and treated and trusted ns such. These relations tend to foster peace and discourage wars, and though the tiibes in Alaska are civilized, or nearly so, they retain their crest distinctions. PARTIAL LIST OF CURIOSITIES IN THE COLLECTION. Wood. Historical Carved Totem Poles. Carved and Inlaid Eating Dishes. Carved and Painted Food Boxes. Beautifully Carved Canoe and Oil Balers. Models of Dugout Canoes, Carved and Painted Canoe Paddles. Indian Whistles, repre- senting in sound all kinds of birds on land and sea. Bows and Arrows. About 200 Antique Dancing Ceremonial and War Masks. Medicine Men's Rattles Doctors' Charms. Models of Houses Inhabited by Different Tribes. Slate. Totem Poles. Slate Dishes, Carved and In- laid. Finely Carved Groupings of Chiefs and their Families Inlaid Slate Pipes, Dishes and Eagles etc stone Carvings. Stone Chisels, Sledge Ham- mers, Wedges, War Clubs and Dugout Implements. Beautiful Carved Pile Drivers. Representing the Keaver and Hnlibut. Flint Arrow Heads. Stone Bowls, Pestles, Paint Dishes, Tomahawks etc. eto. Indian War Clubs in Wood, Horn, Bone and Stone. Basket and Woven Articles. Baskets made by all the Tribes of British Columbia and Alaska. Table Mats, Floor Mats eto. etc. Large Stock of Transparent and other beaded work. Wearing Apparel. Blankets, Coats, Capes and Pants made of Ceder Bark. Hamatsa, Chilcot and Tsimshian Blankets, Chiefs' Crowns, Head Dresses and Hats. Dancing and Ceremonials, Shoulder Kingti, Buckskin Coats and Pants , Beaded. Miscellanouse. Chiefs' and Doctors' Aprons. Wampooms, used by the Indians as Money. Carved Spoons in wood and Horn also Feasting Ladles used by the Chiefs at the Potlach. Recreation games. Plain and Inlaid. Native Fish Hooks in Wood, Bone and Iron. Very Finely Carved Halibut Clubs. Native Food made of Seaweed, will keep for hun- dreds of years. Native Paint. Native Shells and Coral. A fine assortment of Silver Articles, ham- mered out of coins made into Spoons, Bracelets, Ear- rings, Brooches, etc. Sperm whale, Bear, Beaver, Seal and other animals' teeth. Tom-toms, different sizes and Tom-toms Club Hundreds of other articles too numerous to mention. e Ham- lements. ing the Stone , etc. I Stone, ts made Alaska. (took of ipes and icot and Dresses )huiilder Aprons. Carved es used games, Wood, t Clubs. 3r hun- ells and )s, ham- ts, Ear- nimals' Qs Club lention. NAMES OF INDIAN MONTHS. Tlie Haida months are: "Ketas." September, this month they got the cedar bark, "Kalk Kungap," October, ice month. *'Cha Kuutjas," November, the bears paw the ground for roots. ^•Gvvongrangas/' December, too cold to sit on the beach this month. ''Lthkirher Knngas," January, goose moon. *'Tan Kungas," February, the bears begiu to come out of their holes. "Nyhitgaas^," March, laughing goose moon, **Whitgaa8," April, foreign goose moon. *'Taharte Kungas," May, the month of flowers. Hanskite Kungas," June, the berries begin to ripen this month. ''Haualung Kungas," July, month in which the berries are ripe, "Chin Kungas," August, salmon month. "Kishalish Kungas," moon in which they smoke their salmon. They always smoke their salmon between July and October. NAMES OF TRIBES. Clayoquot Cloochpitch Mockstocies Choocklecit Nahwittis Hih Eticit Nootka Salish Koskimo Hesquoit Bella Coola. Thompsons Tooquot Tlingit Nit Nat Songhees Ohocklolat Mowezet Kitkatlahs Metlakatlahs Chilcotin Machelet Quatsino Klaskina Bella Bella Hamatsa Haida Soomas Yale Shuswaps Seechslt Tlaiamens Squamish Ijoomis Cowichans Tsimshean Lillooet Kyoquot Port Do?iglp« Massetl . FREE MUSEUM, 43 Johnson St., VICTORIA, B. C. CD U o £ a o h < h < > 0) Q z u z h Id (0 < 0) r > m > z D O o o z m H O H m O r n 0) z > r r CO N m 0) Our Stock of INDIAN CURIOS iS Unsurpassed on the Pacific Coast.