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LFRRARY NEV/ YOIJK BOTAi-aCAL GARDKN LONDON: PUBLISHED FOR THE RAY SOCIETY BY ROBERT IIARDWICKE, 192, PICCADILLY .VDLLCLXVIII. OF CANADA.- *j w III I Ml. 11 11 V J. 1,. JUL.Ull lUHTilOI.OMKW ll.OSr. A O T I C K. (liV 'I'llK EDITOR.) Tin; first ten I'liitcs, iVom the Aiipi'iidix to Flindcrs's 'Narrative,' aru priiituil fioiii tiie original coppers, now in my possession ; and ail tlic remainder, witli one except ion (I'latc XXXIil, wliieli has l)ccn re-cnjjraved for tlie |)resent Edition), are from coppers l^indiy lent liy tlie Conncil of tlic Liiinean iSociely, to \Uu-m my best thanks are due for the iicrniission to maki; nse of tlicm. loiix J. jii;x.xi:iT. C '^. I to unnARt NE'.V VO-"^ CAKDLW wo ^ — ._1 DESCPJPTION OF 1>LATES. PLATES I—X, {From l/ic .ll/a. /„ ('(,,,!, iyu„lrn.~< <• V„iiwir h 'lh-r(i\.imlmli»:') I'l.Aii; I. Fliiulersin Austnilis, 11. Ilr. I'LATli II. Kupomatiii laiirina, /.'. iir. Eiulesmia fctnigoiiii, A //;•. (.'t'plialotiis folliciilaris, fAitji//. Aiitiaris macropliylla, R. Ilr. I'l.ATi; III. I'l.ATl. IV. I'LATK y I'LATi; VI. I'nmklandia fucifolia, /.'. /,'/•. . J'l.ATF V[l. Synaphca dilatatn, A'. Mr. Pr.ATi; VIII. Dasypogon bronicliifolius, A'. Br. rr.ATi. 1\. Calcctasia cvanca, II. lir. Viil, 1. il Pagt 71 ). /.) III. i'\ ill. 7(1 ill. 7^ ill. SO ib. S2 ill. >< t ib. s,-) nivScuirnoN of i'|-\ti;s. I I'l.ATK \. CoryRnntlicrii tliiil)ii;itii, /i'. //;. ..... Azollii |)iiiimtn, /!. Itr. ..... Fig. 1. I'liint of tlic imtiiiiil size. •1. ,, iniif^iiiticd. n. I,('ttvc.>i, iiinj;iiilli'(l. \. Mnle involucrmii, (.'ontniiiing two flowers, niiiiiiiilird, .'). „ ciiipty. fi. Two iimlr flowers. 7. A ninli' flower dividcid loiipitudiimlly. 8. „ deprived of its Calyptrn, !). 10. Lower cell of ii uiiile flower. 1 1 iiiul \1. DifTcrciit views of the contents of tlie upper cell. 13. Jjongitudinnl section of the upper cell. 14. Inner female involueruni. L"). Ciipsnlcs, with their footstalks arisin}; from ilie hnse of the in\()hieriini. 10. A capsule more highly uiagnilled. 17. ., opened transversely to show the petition of the ^eeds. 15. „ „ cnijjty. ID. 8ceds. Vol I'ngc Ml ^7 I'LATK XI. {i'l-diii ilir ' LiiiiK'aii Tranmctionx' vol. \.) .SVv \'o|. I, p. .'}.")."). V\'l. 1. Daw.soniapolytriclioidcs. a. Mascula[)lantaniagiiitiidinenaturali. Ij. Discus niasc. auctus. c. i'ljusdeni fios un'eus. d. Idem absque folio ])erigoniali, iiiagisque auctus. c. Anthera et filiun siieeulentuui inaxinie aucta. /. Fcniinca! j)laiitie, nuign. iiat. (/. Vagiuula cum foliis pcrieha'tialihus auctus. //. Capsula emn calyptra exteriori. /. Pili calypti'ac cxtc- rioris niagis audi. /. Capsula cum operculo ct calyptra interior!. /,-, l. Capsula dcoper- culata cnui pcristoniio. »//. Capsulan sectio ejusdeni figurain iuscrtionenique ciliarum ostencfcns. o. Calyptra interior. ;;. Operculum cum colunielhT proccssu filiformi. q. Cohmiclla ciliis suis terminata. r. Seniina. .v. Cilia- pcristomii auctu-. '2. Leptostonuim inclininis, niagnitudinc naturali. n. Ejusdeni capsula aucta cum nicm- brana annulari. . Operculum, "j. Idem a basi visum ciun annulocohacrcnte. DlvSCIlIl'TloX OK I'LVri'lS. 5 [Frohi llii' 'Linni'ttn IVananc lions,' vol. \ii.) Sec Vol. I, p. Illlii. I'i;^. //. \ brniicli iif tlio paninli! of Lvonlicr lliiilirlroiiku, Linn. K'aiilopliifllum llinlliirniitvii, Miclimix), of tli(! nuturiil si/.e. //. TIio siimc nuigiiiflcci, to show at 1, tlic early niptiiro of Iho ovuriiini, tlio oviila ns yet but littlo cnlnrged and only in part protruded : at L', flu- same parts in a mw. advanced state ; one seed lumig jiearly ripe, supported liy its elongated and thickened nmhilieal cord ; a Heeond ovnhuu considcraliiy in<'r(!ased in si/c, hut idiortivc; and tiiu relnain^* of the ruptured ovnriiiin somewhat enlarged. (\ I). Two longitudinal sections of the nearly ii[)e seed ; < Aliiliiting the vascidar cord contitnied IVoni the axis of the funicidus unihiliealis to the apex of the seed ; the HMuarkable process of the inner integument at IIil- und)ilieu.s (of which another view is given sei)arately at I'l); and the iniripc embryo nearly in contact witii this process, and as yet unilivided. PLATES XIII-XX. [Fmiu Ihe ' Llnimtii Transactions,' vol. xiii.) Src \'ol. I, p. ;ii)7. Strvctuhe or U.viili.sia Arnoi.ui. Pi„VTi; XIII. The expanded flower reduced to somewhat less than one third of its natuial si/e ; the scale given on the plate being too long by nearly one seventh. PtATK XIV. A Howcr-bud covered with its bracteic, of the natural size. Pr.AT:; XV. The underside of the same bud ; to show the root, the reticulate base with the circular elevation in which it terminates, and the origin of the outer bractcic. Natural size. Plate XVI. A flowcr-l)ud, of which the bractecc, whose insertions arc shown, are removed. Natural size. Platk XVII. A different view of the bud in the same state, to show the lestivation and veins of tlie segments of the perianthium. Natural size. Plate XVIII. Pig. 1. A vertical section of the biul deprived of its bractca;: exhibiting the principal vessels of the column and perianthium, and the structure of the root, especially the change in the direction, increased ramification and termination of its vessels at the base of the parasite. Natural size. 2. One half of the vertically-divided perianthium of the same bud, in which the internal surface of the tube, corona, and segments is shown. Natural size. DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. Plati. XIX. Fig. 1 . A flower-bud, its branfcro and pcriantliium being removed, to show the column witli the two annular processes at its base. Natural size. 2. A portion (about one fifth) of the column, of which part of the limb is removed, to show the cavities of the neck, into which the antheric arc received. Natural sizo. 3. I'hc portion of the limb removed from fig. 2, with its antherac inmierscd in their proper cavities. Natural size. 4. An anthera, magnified three diameters, as are figures 5, (i, 7 and 8. 5. A transverse section of the same, above the middle. 0. A transverse section of the same, below Ihe middle. 7, 8. Vertical sections of the same. 9. Pollen, magnified 200 diameters. Pl.vtk XX. Fig. 1. A vertical section of part of tiic bnso of the smaller flower-bud, showing the vc.'iscis of the root, some of wliich appear to penctnitc the substiincc of the jjarasite. Natural size. 2, ;3. Portions of the column of the cxpaudtd flower, nearly corrcsi)onduig with those of the bud in Plate XIX, figs. 2 and 3. Natural si/e. 4. Anthera of expanded flower, magiiiliod :i diameters, as are figures ') and (i. 5. Transverse section of the same, below the middle. (i. Vertical section of the same. 7. Pollen of the expanded flower, magnified 200 dianii'ters. S. A transverse section of the root, mauniitied :( diameters. PLATES XXI— XXIX. {From th' ' Lhuimii TranmclioiiK' ^•ol. xix.) PLyVTI'S XXI— XXV. Structure op Uafixksi.v Ai!noi,1)i — Sec Vol. I, p. 419. Plate XXI. Fig. 1, A female flower-bud, with the roots of tlu- Vili, (or r/,v,w.v) vertically divided, which shows the numerous irregular cavifirs of the ovarium chiefly if not entirely above the insertion of bractca' and calyx, and the vascular lines continued from the walls of the cavities through the upper solid part of the colunui into the axes of the style-like processes. Natural size. 2. A female flower-bud in tlie same stage of development, the bractca; and calyx entirely removed, to show its outward resemblance to the male flower-bud (figured in PI. XIX). Natural size. DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. Plate XXII. Fig. 1. A small segment of the column, of which part of the elevated undivided limb is removed, to show the narrow furrows of the si'.L of the column corresponding in number with the rudiments of anthcra3, seen in 2, which is the portion of the lirab removed from fig. 1. Natural size. 3. The upper half of one of the styles of the disc, with its terminating hairs. Magnified 10 diameters. 4. A portion of fig. 3, somewhat more highly magnified (20 diameters), vertically divided. 5, 0, 7. Some of the hairs still more highly magnified, which, according to Mr. Bauer, have a secreting surface seen in fig. 7, and wliich in figs. 5 and G is covered with the secretion, consisting of spherical particles enveloped in mucus at fig. 8. Magnified 100 diameters (but sec o'i)servations respecting them in jiage -105-6). 9, 10. Longitudinal ?nd transverse sections of a style. Magnified 50 diameters. 11. A transverse section of half the ovarium, to show the numerous irregularly ramified cavities, and the arrangement of vascular cords belonging to the bractca) and calyx. Natural size. 12. A small portion of the ovarium, with the ovula covering the surface of the cavities, and the vascular lines passing through the axes of tiie parietes. Magnified 20 diametei-s. 13 — 18. Ovula in various stages (the earliest observed are not represented). Magnified 100 diameters. Plate XXIII. Fig. 1. A ripe pericarpium, of the natural size, the calyx, bracteaj and apex of the column being deciduous. 2. The same di vided vertically, and showing the thickness of the densely fleshy and deeply furrowed covering, and also that the whole of the ovarial cavity is above the insertion of bractem and calvx. Plate XXIV. Fig. 1. A small portion of the wall of two adjoining cavities, the surfaces covered with numerous seeds, all of equal size. Magnified 20 diameters. 2. A seed with its funiculus, of which the lower erect portion is filiform, the recurved upper half being of tlie same texture, colour, and surface with the seed, which it somewhat exceeds in thickness. Magnified 100 diameters. 3. The same divided longitudinally, to show the structure of the seed (according to Mr. Bauer), and that the cnlarj:' d apex of the funiculus is solid. Magnified 100 diameters. 4. The nucleus of the seed taken out of its thick nut-like outer covering. Magnified 100 diameters. 5. The same nucleus, wliosc membranous coat is separated by pressure, to show the albumen. Magnified 100 diameters. 0. The denuded loosely-ccllidar albumen. I 8 DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. Fig. 7. A iioition oftlii^ iill)mm'ii. cvliibiting tlic embryo, its siirfuce and latfml origin, according to Mr. Bautr. Aljignificd 100 dianieters. Fig. R. Br. is a longitudinal section of the al))nnicn, exhibiting R. Brown's view of the origin, form, and surface of tlic endirvo. PiMTfi XXV. Fig. 1. A brancii of the T/V/.v, on which arc fonr very young buds of liq/flcs/a Arnohli. Natural size. Of tlicsc — (I. (not separately figured) is merely a very slight swelling, caused by the nascent parasite, but before its parts arc distinguishable. .\. (separately figured, verlically divided, and moderately magnified), the youngest parasite whose parts are distinguishable, deeply seated, entirely enclosed, and before its cortical covering corrc.-ponds with it in form. B. (in like mmmcr sii)arately figured, divided and magnified), in which the parasite is entirely enclosed in its reticular covering. C. (ni like manner separately 1igm-ed), in which the reticular covering has bur.;:, vertically divided and maunitied. PLATES XXVI— xxi::. .'^TRrcrriir, or IIyunoh.v Afrrwna. Plate XXVI. J'ig. I. A liowcr of lf;/(l,io,-a .{fnvaiia, with its very short base. :.\ The same loiigitiidinaljv divided. Both of the natural size. Fi-. I Platk XXVII. 'j'raiisverse section ol' a part of the tube of the perianthium, to show the threc-Iobcd ohnnna staminea. ^loderately magniliod. The inner surface of one of the three lobes of the colnuni or antheral annulus. Outer surface of the same. Both magnilied in the same degree with fig. \. Vertical section of a j)ortion of one of the lobes of the colunina staminea, to show the thickness and texture of the common connective. 'JVansverse section of the same, which shows the original bilocnlarity of each antliera. Both more highly magnified. Grains of pollen, still more highly magnified. Transverse section of the flower, to show the form and surface of the stigma (of which the three primaiy divisions arc opposite to the lobes of the columna staminea). Magnified in the same degree with fig. 1 . A ])ortion of the stigma, which shows its composition. A transverse section aliout the middle of the same. Both magniticd somewhat more than figs. :2 and ,'5. DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 9 Fig. 10. A vertical section of the stigmn, showing that the divisions of its surface extend quite tlirough to the cavitj' of tiie ovarium, separating it into an equal number of lamellas, from the inner terminations of wJiich the placentae are pendulous. More highly magnified than the preceding figures. 11. A small portion of the same, still more highly magnified. 12. A transverse section, more highly magnified than fig. 11, with its densely crowded ovula arising from every part of its surface. 13. Three ovula more highly magnified than fig. 12, to show the pedicellus or attenuated base and depressed or perforated apex. Plate XXVIII. A ripe fruit (fig. 1), with the stock (the root of the supposed Eiipliorbia, fig. 3) and the decumbent angular-branched stems of the parasite, from the thickened trunk of which the ripe fruit originates at fig. 2, and from a branch of which a very young flower-bud pro- ceeds. Natural size. Fig. 1 Plate XXIX. The same ripe fruit vertically divided, with the prostrate thickened stem of the parasite and the root of the supposed Euphorbia, whose woody fibres and vessels appear to pene- trate deeply into the substance of the thickened stem. Natural size. A portion of the fruit transversely divided. A transverse section of one of the placentoc, with the ripe seeds. Slightly magnified. Two seeds, more highly magnified than fig. 3. A seed, magnified in the same degree as fig. 4, and vertically divided, which exhibits the albumen more distinctly radiating than I have ever found it. A seed deprived of its outer coat. The same transversely divided, which, as well as fig. 5, shows the central globular embryo. PLATES XXX— XXXII. {^From the ' Linnean Tranmdiom^ vol. xvi.) Sea Vol. I, p. 534, &c. Fecund.\tion of Asclepiade^. PLATE XXX. ASCLEPIAS PURPUBASCEN8. Fig. 1 A branch in flower. Natural size. 2. An expanded flower, of which two of the foliola coronao and one of the antheraj are removed. Moderately magnified. 'i. A front or inner view of an anthera, to show the extent of bursting, particularly with reunion to the pollen mass, of which the greater part is included in the non-dehiscent portion. Magnified as fig. 2. lit 10 DKSCllU'TIOxX OF PLATKS. l"'ig. 4. Apolk'ii iimss, more higlily uiiignificd, separated from its gland niul nnii, and divided transversely, to show its cellnlar structure (first discovered in Asclcpias curasmvica in I8O0 l)y ^\lr. Bauer), with grains of ])ollen, tlieir granules, and some drops of an oily fluid. T). A pollen mass entire, with a small portion of the arm adhering to its apex. .Magnified as tig. 4. (!. A transverse section of a poUei' mass, still more liighly magnified, in one of the cells of which is seen the single ;^rain (or inner menihrane), also separately exhibited to show that it is simple and slightly angular. 7. The pistillum with pollen masses, that have bin-st and protruded their tubes, applied to the base of the stigma, the glands and their arms being removed. The cords formed by the pollen tubes have passed along the correspoucling sides of the conical base of the stignm, and have reached the tops of the styles. S. A longitudimil section (more highly magnified) of the conical l)asc of the stigma with the two styles, to show more distinctly tiic course of the pollen tubes. !). A pollen mass after bursting, with its cord formed of the pollen txdics, entering the apex of the style, which is there lacerated. 10. The two ovariawith their styles, one l)cing sonu'what enlarged in consequence of impreg- nation, and opened longitudinally; exhibiting pollen tubes extenduig from the apex of the style to the commencement of the placenta. 1 1 . The same two ovaria and styles, both opened, to show that in one (the left), which is some- what smaller, no pollen tul)es are coiitidned; the other (the right), which is impregnated, shows the tubes reaching the ovula, but not extending further. J 2. Two grains of pollen (or rather grains deprived of their outer membranes), with portions of their tubes and contained spheroidal granules; proving that the tubes lU'c extensions of this (the imier) membrane. A'ery highly magnified. Plate XXXI. AsCI.EPIA.S rnVTOLACCOIDES. (I Fig. 1. An expanded Hower (magnitlcd), from which two of the foliola coronaa and one anthcra been removed. 2. The complete pistillum, and on one side two of the antliera2, the membrane formed by the luiited filaments being cut ofi'a little below the stigma; on the other side, a ntikcd pollen mass applied to the stigma, with its gland and arm adhering. 3. A longitudinal section of fig. 2, to show on the left side a pollen mass, with a small portion only of the arm adhering, applied to the base of the stigma, and which, having burst, shows the protrusion of the cord formed by the pollen tubes. 4. A longitudinal section of one half of the stigma and the corresponding style transversely cnt near the base, showing more distinctly the position of the pollen mass with the protrusion and course of the tubes. 5. The style of fig. 4 laid open lengthways, exhibiting within its cavity and beyond it the pollen tubes reaching the apex of the placenta, a reflected portion of which, with three of its ovula, is also shown. DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 11 l'"ig. (). All iiuprcgnntcrl pistilluni, of wliidi tlic style is laid open longitiuliimlly, nnd the plncciitii, til ickly covered with ovula, exposed, to show the descent and course of the pollen tubes. 7. olleii mass, to the apex of which the base of the arm adheres, with pollen tubes pro- tr.uling from the point of dehiscence. More liighly magnified. 8. A transverse section of a pollen mas.s, showing an arrangement of the cells somewhat difl'crcnt from that of J. purpurascpus, there being here amiddlc irregular scries, the cells of which in some cases appear to separate and cover the grains after the production of the tubes. 9. Two grains of pollen v.'itli portions of their tubes, very highly magnified, the grain to the left having its outer covering or membraue, which is removed from the grain to the right, and shown separately further to the left. 10. A jwllcii mass wliicli has burst and protruded its tubes, exhibited as entering the cavity of the style, which is li:id open to show the commencen\ciit of their descent. ii. Two pollen masses (with their arms and glami), whi''h have burst and protruded their tubus w liile still inclosed in the cells of the antlierfc ; this happening in A. jj/i^lolaccoidcK in iliiit jjarticular kind of decay mentioned in p. 'yl'd of the text. PLATE XXXIL Fig. 1 . T«o pollen masses of Asch-pias 2»trpur(mccm with protruded tubes ; the only instance met with in which both cords are introduced into the same style. 2. A grain of pollen, of the same species, with a portion of its tubej the unusual form probably caused by the pressure of other grains and their tubes. 3. A grain of pollen of Asclcpicw ptirpm-ascens containing numerous minute granules and two larger drops or globules of an oily iluid. 4. 5, and (J. Various combinations of pollen masses of Aacleptcis purpiirasceim. Li these it is supposed that the insect having removed and applied to the stigma some of the masses, has extracted, by means of the arms stdl adhering to it, other masses with their glands and arms. A combination of the same kind, different from and more remarkable than any of these, but perhaps not very nccm-ately represented, is given, in his 'Microscop. Entdeck.,' tab. xxxvi, fig. 8, by Gleichcn, who appears (op. cit., p. 81) to liave also met with other combinations, without suspecting in any case the real cause of such apparently anomalous structures. 7. A flower-bud of Aschpias curassavica in the earliest stage in which I was able to distinguish its parts ; the unopened corolla in its place with one of the sepala, the other four being exhibited separately, liighly magnified. 8. The corolla of fig. 7 opened and in part removed, to show the state of the contained organs .• the figure exhibiting two petals hardly cohering at base; within these, two distinct petal- like bodies, alternating with them, and which are the anthers ; an.l uvo other smaller bodies, which are the pistilla as yet unconnected. 12 DESCRIl'TION OF PLATES. Fig. 9. An mitlicm tnken from fig. 8, niul niorp highly Jii.ngiiifii'd, to show Umt in tliis early slngo it is entirely iietal-like, tlicre lieiiig no indication of the two ci'lis, of wliicli the first nppcnrnncc in a somewhat more advanced stage is given at tig. 10. 11. A petal of fig. 8 more highly magnified. 12. The pistillii of fig. S, as yet distinct, scarcely at all angular, and with no manifest cavi- ties; so that these two bodies may he regarded as ehicllyor entirely the component parts of the stigma. 13. Two grains of pollen taken from the pollen mass of the expanded flower of Jadrjmn curassavica. V*- ri,ATK xxxni. Development or Tnr. Embryo in TnE Si;i:ds ok CoNiFERiE. .SVe Vol. I, p. 575-0. Fig. 1. A scale of the cone of /'////« fi/IcMlris, with its winged seeds, one of which is abortive. Natural size. X.H. The remaining figures are more or less magnified. '2. An unripo seed, of wliicli the testa, in this state cartilaginous, is cut open, partly removed and thrown back to show the included body, which is the half-ripe original inicleus with its sphacelated apex and the free portion of the inner coat, extending from the apex to aboui. one third of the length of the nucleus, below which it is intimately connected with and inseparable from tlie outer coat. 3. The auuiios or albumen, with the coats opened and hful back. a. The body of the albu- men, with its sli'^htly concave upper extremity ; in this stage separated from Ij, the apex, which is conical above, lielow cylindrical, and which was suspcntled from the top of the original nucleus. 4. A jilan rather than actual representation of a longitiulinal section of any one seed examined, but tlu' parts accurately copied from the ealy[)ti:el(iriu membranes, the funicidi or sus- pcnsors, and the nascent einljryos of Piiiiis nylvetslrk. In this stage the funiculi are distinct from the calyptraform membranes within which they originated. 5 is also a plan of the slightly concave apex of the amnios or albu.nen, with its scmitransparent pohits or pores circularly airanged; in this species {Pi/n/s .sj/vc-sfrifi) seldom exceeding five, and not imfre(pieiitly being only fom- or even three. G. One of the funiculi or suspensors, with its dilated upper extremity, to which the lacerated remains of a thin transparent membrane adhere; the funiculus itself ramified, each of the two lateral branches coi.'-i^'ing of a single elongated tube or cell terminating in a rudi- mentary end)ryo ; the tru ;k of the fimiculus composed of several (apparently four) tubes or cells terminated by a single embryo, which is already slightly divided, the divisions being the commencement of its cotyledons. 7, 8. Two other funicidi belonging to the same seed less advanced, hut both ramified. DESCBIPriCN OF TI-ATES. 13 Fig. 9. A funiculus of Pinm pinudvr, with its tliickcncd huad, in which tlio nuclei of its component elongated cells or tubes, and its adhering lacerated membrane, are visihle. The figure is given particularly to show that in this (the only one observed) there is no opake granular portion of the compound funiculus ; in other words "o indication of a nascent embryo. 10. A funiculus of Timm Ahics, Linn., with its rudimentary embryo and thickened head, still partly inclosed in the calyptrteform membrane. PLATES XXXIV, XXXV. {From Ihii ' Liuiitan TraiisacHo)is,' vol. xx.) See Vol. I, p. 591. StRtCTURK OF TRIVLOSPOniTE. Plate XXXIV. Th figures A, B, C, and ]) arc of the natiiral size. Fig. A. A portion of the surface of the Stroliilus, sliowing the hexagonal areolcc. B, C. Transverse sections, exhibiting difl'ercnt iippcarances of the bractca; and sporangia. 1). A vertical section of fig. A. The remaining figures, E, F, G and 11, arc all more or less magnified. E. A transverse section of the axis. F. A more highly magnified drawing of n portion of fig. ^, to show the arrangement and proportion of (he vascular and cellular tissues. G. A hori/onlal section of n sporangium, made probaldy nei'.r its origin. II. A portion of the outer wall of a sporangium or bractea. Plate XXXV. All the figures magnified. Fig. A. A vertical section of the axis, near, but not exactly in the centre, showing the ramifications of the central cord of the axis going to the circumference of the axis, cvA connected or supported by a loose cellular tissue at a a. B. A small portion of the axis, from which proceeds a bractea cut vertically through its centre, showing its vascular cord, and bearing on its lower and horizontal half a vertical section of an adnate sporangium, of which the base is cellular, rising irregularly and without spores, — probably a rare occurrence. C. A small portion of the axis, to show the scalariform vessels with the slightly elongated surrounding cells. D. A similar portion, from the central axis of the bractea of fig. B. E. A similar portion, from the line of union between the bractea and sporangium of fig. B. 14 DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. Fig. V. Asiimll portion of a sporniiffimn, sufficiently niagnificil to show tlic arrangement and conipositioii of sponilca. G. Several sporulcs. Loth in their corapoimd nnd simple stntc, still more highly ningnificd witii tiic minute granulnr matter whicii usually accompanies them. !ii PLATCS XXXVI, XXXVIf. {FfOM Ihc ' Liiineaii Traiixuct ions' vol. x.) Sac Vol. II, p. 102. Pl.vtk XXXVI. Kn!(IHT[.\ liXCKI.SA. Fig. 1. I'los cxpnnsu.s, parum nuctns. 2. Idem longitudinaliter apertus, mngnitudine natin-ali. ;{. Ejusdem Imsis cum glmululis liypugynis. 4. Pistillum auctum, ovario longitudinaliter socto ovulis quatuor. 5. Ovuloruiu inscrtioncs et relativas pi.sitioues osteudens. 6. Ovulum paiiiu mag'is auetuni. 7. Pollen plurinu'uu auctuii. Pi..\Ti. XXXVII. DUV.VNDRA I'OllMOSA. Fig. I . Ivanui.s uiagnitudino natural!. 2. I'los luagnitudinc naturali. ;J. Idem auetu.'<. 4. Pcceptaculinn connuiuie magnitudinc naturali et auctum. ."). Idem vcrtiealitor sectuni. 0. Paleic rcccptaculi. 7. Follieuliis. 5. Dissepimcntum cum seminibus. 9. Semina. 10. Dissepimentuni. 11. Pollen ad leutcni auctum. DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 15 PLATE XXXVIIL {From Uk; ' JAnnvan 'i'ransaclioiis,' vol. xi.) tSV'f Vol. II, p. 25."). WooiJSiA JIypeiiuoiiea. l'"ig. J. A iintivc specimen of Wuodsiu liypvrhorca. Xiiturnl size. 'I. The stipes mid lower piirt of the frond of the same plant. Magnified .'3 times in diameter. ;}. A pinna of the same plant. Magnified 10 diameters. •l. A pinna from another specimen, in which the (.'lusters of capsules (sori) arc more nnmcron.i and continent. 10 diameters. ."). A single cluster of capsules within their invohicrum, the membranaceous base of which they entirely conceal. Magnified .lO diameters (2500 times in superficies), tj. The involncrnni spread open, with only one capsule left in it. Magnified 50 diameters. 7. An unripe capsule. S, i). Side and back views of a ripe capsule. 10, II. (lapsnle opening and entirely burst, shedding its seeds.- 12. A seed magnilied 200 diameters, l;5. A frond of a cnllivated plant of the same species. Natural size. 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