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WITH AN INTRODUCTION, By bishop morris. ■^•♦•^^ PUBLISHED BY CARLTON & PORTER, 900 ailTZiBBBBT-STBBKT. 1856. ^1 i 1 Entered aooording to Act of Congress, in the yeur 18M, by CARLTON & PORTER, in the Clerk's Offlce of the District Court of the Southern District of New-Yorli. PEEEACE. > 4«» « { In the autumn of 1854, an association of minis- ters, assembled from the cities of Albany and Troy, and the villages adjacent, adopted a resolution, requesting me to "prepare a biog- raphy of our esteemed brother, the late Key. John Clark," and publish it in such form as I should judge proper. In compliance with this request, I imme- diately wrote to the widow of Mr. Clark, informing her of the action of the association, and asking for the loan of such papera as were in her possession, and which would aid me in the undertaking. To this request Mrs. Clark cheerfully and promptly responded; and, in concert with her son, John Emory Clark, she has given me all the aid in her power. I also published a card in the Christian Advocate and Journal, soliciting the use of ^t^^^^snr. PKEFACE. letters, c&c., from the friendB of Mr. Clark, who might have such in possession; and also asking for facts and incidents relating to his lifa and character. This public call secured two responses in the course of six months! I then saw that the idea of preparing a biog- raphy must be abandoned, or some other course must be taken to secure the necessary material. I then commenced a personal correspond- ence with many friends in the regions of Mr. Clark's life and labors, and by this means was enabled to obtain considerable aid. Although I have been delayed in the work while waiting for answers from those whom I have consulted, yet, by patient endurance, I have succeeded beyond my early hope in securing the desired information. And to all who have rendered aid I here express my gratitude and acknowl- edge my obligations. I need not record their names. Mr. Clark's papers were few, and most of them were nearly destroyed by bilge-water on their way by water from Illinois to Texas. Indeed, they are, to a great extent, illegible, while some portions of the paper itself is literally destroyed. Those injured sheets con- 'J PBBPACE. tain his jonmal, kept during his connection with the Indian missions, and, bnt for the aid derived from his printed communications to the Board, the journal would have been" unintelligible. During his long journey to Texas he kept a diary, the most of which is inserted in this work. He had also, at the request of his family, a little before his death, commenced a brief sketch of his Kfe, intending to re-write his journal, as well as record the prominent incidents in his life, of which no record had been made. But his sketch is only an account of the time and place of his birth, an allusion to the condition of his father's family, his own apprenticeship, and his conversion. The whole covers but seven pages of foolscap, yet this is a most important portion of his writings, for it sup- plies that which no other hand could furnish. Had he kept a full and regular journal, who can doubt but a Life could have been presented to the public of unusual interest? His long and varied labors, both in the chill- ing regions of Lake Superior, and on the sunny plains of Texas, as well as his circuit, and station, and district work, must baye afforded 5 £^iJir£M)irKu>lifr.. 6 pbefaot:. enough of incident to enrich his biography beyond most works of the kind. But regrets are vain, though so much must remain un- wj'itten. It is hoped, however, that what is written may prove useful, and that the reader will find not only a little entertainment for a pass- ing hour, but also some profit to the mind and heart. To the young minister who is struggling with poverty, and lamenting his lack of the aids which science and literature, as taught in the schools, might furnish, here is presented an example which may both stimi and cheer him in his "pursuit of knowleage under difficulties." With trembling hope, this book is offered to the public. TbE AuTHOIi. t INTRODUCTION. > 4>> » To trace the histOiy of any prominent individual from infancy to hoary ^ge, through all the stages of human life, has ever been a matter of intense interest. The incidents of childhood, youth, manhood, and declin- ing years, are all full of instruction to us who are following on in life's pilgrimage. The future of our own life's history is all vailed in total mystery, only as we may infer it from that of those who have pre- ceded us. We naturally wish to know what befell those who preceded us on the journey which we are now prosecuting; what plans were resorted to by them to accomplish the end of human happiness, with their successes and failures, and what led to the one or the other, that we may choose the good and refuse the evil. It is a practical question, one of personal application and utility. What wise man would encounter a long journey through an extensive wilderness, and take all risk of losing his way, with- out first obtaining suitable directions ? and to whom should he apply for infoirmation, but to such as ha4 9H«S BR* 8 INTRODUCTION. learned the way by oxperionco and obeorvatioii? And ehall wo run at random on the journey of liutnan life, ignorant of the way before us? or bIioII we consult the way-notes of thoeo who I'ave pre- ceded us ? Tlien let us read and study biography. Ohristian biography is as much more important than that of irreligious people, as the intorestH of eternity are greater than those of time. In this 1>riof state of probation alone we may prepare for the felicity which awaits the faithful in the coming life. And wliile we are to regard the Bible as our consti- tutional directory, and Christ as our only hope, it becomes us to understand how others, going before us, learned to practice the former, and embrace and trust in the latter m ^o final salvation. How suitable and profitable it is for us to ascertain correctly how the excellent of the earth found the way of life in Ohrist, followed it to the end, and obtained the in- heritance of the saints in light ; and then endeavor to imitate their example, that we may share in the promised reward above. Then let us avail ourselves of Ohristian biography, both sacred and inspired, as a valuable mod*^ of instruction. Again, each individual is specially interested in knowing how any of his own craft have gained a position of prominence and success, that he may go and do likewise. Farmers, mechanics, merchants, teachers, statesmen, and professional men, look each to the prominent men of his particular calling for n • IKTBODCOTION. 9 light npon his own pathway. In this respoct minis- tora of tho Gospol aro like other mon, intereeted in lonming how thoy may bout Bucc^od in promoting tho cause in which they are engaged. Tlioirs m a liigh and holy calling, involving the greatest rcMpon- nibility; as shepherds they are required to watch over their respective flocks as they who must give an account. And who is sufficient for tlicso things? None of us without grace ; our sufficiency is of Christ. Now, ministers possessing a dne bc: «e of obligation naturally turn attention to ministerial biography, and mark the course of such brethren as iiave made f\ill proof of their ministry, and have been regarded by the people as able ministers of tho New Testament. The apostles of Ohrist were perfect models of minis- terial excellence. But as we may not presume to reach the standard of those inspired men, it becomes us to imitate such as, in our own circumstances, most nearly approximate it. Our Saviour said of an humble individual, " She hath done what she could," and if the same may be said of us in the end, all will be well. God requires nothing impossible. The work before us will afford mudi of interest to the pious reader. Though the author and the sub- ject of biography were intimate personal fHends, it exhibits on the face thereof the marks of truth and candor. While the excellences of Mr. Clark are noted in temperate language, and chiefly by a fair record of facts, there is no effort to conceal his real rsrr 10 INTRODUOTIOir. or supposed defects. This is as it should be in all such works. The greatest and best of men are liable to err, and so was he; yet there is very much to approve, and exceeding little from which to dissent, in his case. But few men ever pass the ordeal of life so free from blame as did our lamented Clark, and but few ever excel him in practical usefulness. He was one of that veteran band of pioneers born in the latter part of the eighteenth century, and who figured so prominently in the ranks of Methodism during the past generation. They have mostly dis- appeared from the militant Ohurch, and gone to the Church above, " that they may rest from their labors, and their works do follow them," while we are thereby encouraged to follow on to the end of our probation. My own acquaintance with Brother Clark began in 1839, when he was Presiding Elder on Chicago District, then of the Illinois Conference, over which I presided. Subsequently we were often associated together in our of&cial relations, in various sections of the work, as well as socially. I ever found him wise in council- and prompt in action, and of marked fidelity in his official duties. He proved himself in various positions, on circuits, stations, districts, and border missions, equal to the task assigned him. In social life he was an example of dignity, suavity, and generosity ; while in his own family he was justly appreciated as a kind husband and father. Upon INTRODUCTION. 11 t > the whole, he was a choice man, one who excelled in moral yirtue, consistent piety, and ministerial usefulness. I had every opportunity that could be desired to learn his character. Tlie overland trip we made together in 1841, from St. Louis to Eutersville, Texas, served to develop his patience under trials, his inventive resources in overcoming difficulties, and his promptness and energy in every emergency. In regard to all such matters he had been thoroughly disciplined during his long and hard campaigns while superintendent of our Indian missions on the Northwestern frontiers, as this work will amply detail. In tracing the history of his missionary labors, the reader will be well entertained with occasional allu- sions to the country and character of the population embraced in his missions, particularly some noted converts from paganism. All this, however, will only increase a relish for the history of the missionary. His untiring energy excites admiration. Here we see him working with his own hands to erect a hab- itation, school-house, or chapel; there we observe him voyaging in a frail bark canoe over stormy lakes, his life in peril, but always cahn ; yonder, after a day of hard travel, we find him inclosed in a buffalo robe, and sleeping alone on a snow-drift, but never complaining. In some of his more extensive trips, he and his few assistants frequently carried their boat over land carriages between navigable waters miles ;jit— t..'a..l>j»«*.^ >.«B«!iia^.an ■:-■«" . ■*" 12 INTRODUCTION. distant, and packed thoir bedding and provisions with "portage-collars" drawn across the forehead to secure the burden on the back. In some instances these toils were his daily employment for weeks to- gether, and his journeys protracted to hundreds and even thousands of miles. But we will not anticipate more. Now, if it be asked why he did not wait till roads were opened, navigation improved, and houses of entertainment appeared, the answer is, his business did not admit of delay, for he was after souls in danger of perdition. And if some endure similar hardships to acquire gold, how much more consistent was he in seeking the lost 1 " He that winneth souls is wise." Moreover, let it be remembered that he was not sent to the frontier because unsuitable for other positions ; he was one of our popular preachers, much in demand for district and city stations ; but he nobly volunteered for this hard service. Such was the Christian hero whose biography is here pre- sented. I hesitate not to add, that the author has conferred a favor on the Church and the religious public in general, by rescuing from oblivion these memorials of departed worth. T. A. MosBis. OiNorniTATi, February^ 1866. ■ M s 3^ ^ CONTENTS. ,. CHAPTER I. PROM HIS BIRTH TO HIS APPRENTICESHIP. Hift Birth — Convoroion of hia Parents — Their Affliction ond Poverty — John's Early Toils — Modornto Poverty not always an Evil — Limited Educational Privileges — Schools, Books, and Houses — Early Charac- teriatioB — Apprenticeship — Keasons for Leaving — A noble Mas- ter Page 19 CHAPTER n. HIS CONVERSION AND LICENSE. Early Convictions — Children may be converted Early — Visits Home — Convictions deepened — Procrastinates — Resolves and fails — Convic- tions subside — Methodist Prayer-meeting — Mrs. Richards's Exhorta- tion — Conviction returns — John in Class-meeting — Prayer in the Bam — Burden lost — Prayer in the Bark-mill — Witness of Ac- ceptance — Female Influence — Diligence in Study — License 27 CHAPTER m. ENTERS THE ITINERANCY. Leyden Circuit — Saratoga Circuit — Compensation — The Times de- manded Sacrifices — A Word toYoung Itinerants — Montgomery Circuit — His Preaching Talents — Inequality in his Sermons — Successes — Mr. Elisha Foote and Family — Mr. Foote's Conviction and Conversion — Praying like Sinners — Mr. Foote's Children — Their Conversion — Pittstown Circuit — The Preacher — The Pastor — Simeon Lamb . . 85 CHAPTER IV. • i FROM 1828 TO 1827. Warren Circuit — His Marriage — Benefits of Circuits — Glenn's Falls and Sandy Hill — Knox Camp-meeting — Mr. Clark's Sermon — Effects pro- duced — Middlebury Station — Its Position — College and Alumni — Mr. Clark's Usefulness — His Qualificivtions — Divers Gifts equally necessary 46 ■Jl tririlli' t^^^a«l">iil.1^^»»a^^^«e^J^i 14 CONTENTS. _ " CHAPTER V. PLATTSBURGH DISTKICT. Erroneous Views of tlae North — Extracts from Dixon'a Tour — Tlie Writer's personal Knowlcdpo of tliat Region — Mr. Clarlc'a Youtli us Presiding Elder — His Quulirtcntions — The Times and their Inflnenco — Eft'eots of liis rreocliing— The Angry Deacon — Mr. Clark vividly romcniborod — llis Success at Quarterly and Camp-Meetings — Illus- tration—A curious Incident — Mr. Clark in the Bishop's Council — Encounters an old Presiding Elder— Deoth of his only Child — His Eesignation — New-York City — His Character as a Man, a Christian, and aMiuistor 64 CHAPTER VI. INDIAN MISSIONS. Mr. Clark appointed to Green Bay Mission — His Arrival — The Cholera — His Solicitude and Faith — Concern for his Family — Praying by Book — Illustration — Anecdote — Indian Character and Mythology — Studied under Difficulties — Government often Oppressive — Moral Capabilities not studied or aided — Some Exceptions — Indians' Title to the Country considered — Their Superstitions — General Love of strong Drink — Torch-light Corousal — Making a Woman of an Indian — Indian Eloquence — Tecumseh, Seminole Chief, Schenandoah, Pushmataha, Osceola — IndianPoetry — "Pity the Red Man" — Letter from George Henry, a native Speaker 70 CHAPTER VH. INDIAN MISSIONS— CONTINUED. Green Bay — Its Situation — Visits the Indian Settlement — His Talk — Daniel Adams — The Council — Favorable Reception — First House erected for Schools and Worship — Dedication — Lord's oupper — Dimensions, &c., of the House — First Methodist Class — The School and. Sabbath School — John Sunday at Sault Ste. Marie — Sagi- naw Bay — Mr. Clark in the East — Letter from Daniel Adams. ... 88 CHAPTER VHI. INDIAN MISSIONS— CONTINUED. Mr. Clark returns to his Field — A Sabbath at Detroit — The evening Meeting — Thomas Frazier — W. Herkimer — Peter Jones — Storm ou "■m: CONTENTS. 15 Lake Hurnii — Snult Stc. Mario — Location — IL Brady — Imliiin LnUors — John Sunday's Mlnsionary Spcocrh — ProBolytlng — Council — An- swer Fovorablo — Peter Jones — Trcaclier's IIouho — Lahorin^ with liis own Hands — Week-day and Sabljatli-sohool — ClaH8-incctin>rK — In- dians sincere and earnest— "A Sabbath Morning at Green Hay" — Houses at Duck Creek — Mnrrloffo of Miss Qulnney and Daniel Adams — His Labors — Removal to Kaiinas — Death — Mrs. Adams Do CHAFIER IX. INDIAN MISSIONS— CONTINUED. Fort Brady, its History— Revival— First Winter at Sault Sto. Morle— Extent of Charge — Whisky Drinking — Abstinence of Members — Letter to the Board — Extent of Labors — Statistics — His Desire for Helpers — Repeated Call — Perils by Water — I'assage from Saidt Sto. Mario to Green Bay — Indian Christians earing for Relatives — Arrival at the Bay— Indian Thrift — Society prosperous 110 CHAPTER X. INDIAN MISSIONS— CONTINUED. Ke-wa-we-non — Mr. Holliday — John Sunday — Small Beginning — Suc- cess — M'Geo and Frazier — Conversion of an old Sinner — Indian Privation and Perseverance — Affection of Indian Converts to Spiritual Teachers — Mrs. Clark's Letter— Mr. Clark in poor Health — Grand Traverse Bay — Failure of the Mission, and the Cause — Traders favor- able to Schools and Missions — Romanism always evil 122 \9' CHAPTER XI. INDIAN MISSIONS— CONTINUED. Affliction — Sickness of their little Helen — Diary — Her Death and Burial — Brothers Chandler and Bourne arrive — Their Fields of Labor -r Miss Baylies returns Home — Mr. Clark injures his Health by excessive Toil — Romish Interference — Mr. Clark decides to remove to Green Bay — His Reasons — Statistics at the Sault — A Question and an Answer — Strong Hopes 133 CHAPTER Xn. A LONG JOURNEY. Arrives ot Mackinaw— No Vessel for the Bay — Leaves his Family and takes another Course — Detroit — Dearbornville — Ann Arbor — Mar- 16 CONTENTS. ■> shall — White Pigeon — Boardsloy 'b Prairie — Bertraud'H — Terra CcHpia — Michigan City — Wind and Snow — Chicago — Preaches on Indian MiftRiona — Mr. Bruce — GroHs Point — Dcllo Fontaine — A Lunoh in the WoodH — IIorBos take a sndden Leave — Search for them — ^^Mr. (.'larlc ttloue in the WoodB — Makes liin Camp — \Volf-vl»it — Wind, Rain, and Snow — Rotnrn to Ciiieago — Recover their IIorseB — Leave Cliicago again — Skunk Grove — Mllwoukie River — A Guide for one I)oy — Night — Lose their Way — Lao du Brunha — A Pottawattomie and Family — Their Corn stolen — Cross Rock River — A Bedroom all outof Doors — Lake Winnebago — Green Bay 143 , CEAITER Xni. INDIAN MISSIONS. Letter to Mrs. Clark— Mr. White's Testhnony— State of Society— Menomonee River — An important Question — Need of Help — A good > Foundation — Jesuit Influence ^Decree in Council — A true Hero — A happy Meeting — Persecution — Christian Fidelity — His Impor- tunity for Helpers — Viflits Ke-wa-we-non — Interview with the Cliief — Council — Obtains a Grant of Land — Interesting Meetings — Sac- raments — Chandler — Herkimer — Johnson — Description of School- house and Dwelling — Love-feast Speaking — Yellow Head — Emma RaLmsega — Big Shilling — William Snake — Big Jacob 161 CHAPl'ER XIV. INDIAN MISSIONS— CONTINUED. • *r J^ao Court Oreille — Taunchy — Copway — Marksman — Menomonco — Cah-boach — A School anticipated — La Poiute — Rev. Shcminu Hall — Teachers winter at La Pointe — Effects of their Visit — Trans- lating — Mr. HalPs catholic Spirit — Watch-meeting at Kc-wa-we-noi . — A "Medicine Man" — John Cah-beach at Menomonee — Visit to Sault Ste. Marie — State of the Mission — Need of a Farmer — ^Visits Menomonee — Wild Rice — Mode of Harvesting — Death of the old Chief — Whisky — Indian Converts keep the Sabbath — Indians sell their Land, and remove — Oneida West — Misses Mudgett and Lee — A House demolished and School dispersed by a Mob 161 •r * ' T CHAPTER XV. , . INDIAN MISSIONS— CONTINUED. Visits Sault Ste. Marie — Indian Improvements — Ke-wa-we-non — Peaceful Deaths — Statistics — Mr. Chandler visits Home — Visit to ■*r J ■> *■ CONTENTB. n IjAO Court Oroillo — Rev. Shorman IIoll — A Suffffontinn — Mo»- LO ■l- 1- ,h t8 1 CHAPTER I. FROM HIS BIRTH TO HIS APPBENTIOISHIP. IliB Blrtb— Conveniion of his Paronts— Thoir Affliction and Poverty— John's early Toils — Moderate Poverty not always an Evil — Limited Educational Privileges — Schools, Books, and Houses — Early Charac- teristics — Apprenticeship — Beasona for Leaving — A noblo Master. John Clark was born in Hartford, Washington County, New-York, July 30th, 1797. He was a descendant of the " Pilgrims," and inherited a large share of their vigor, both of body and mind. His paternal grandmother was bom on shipboard, on the passage to America; but at what date is not definitely known. In the early part of the last century, the grandfather, George Clark, removed from "Worcester, Massachusetts, to Coleraine, in the same state. It is probable that several of his relatives, of the same name, settled in Coleraine at about the same date. I find in the " History of "Western Massachusetts," that this town was settled in 1735 ; and the first warrant for a town meeting 20 LIFE UF KKV. JOHN CLARK. ■ I was signed by John Clnrk, Alexander Clark, Samuel Clork, James Clurk, Matthew Clark, and "William Clark. Hero the father of our Bubject was bom, about A. D. 1767, and in due time was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Edgecomb. Twelve children were the fruit of this union, eleven of whom lived to grow up to man's estate. In 1800 these parents both professed conversion, and united with the Calvinistic Baptist Church, of the close communion order, in the place of their residence. They were poor persons during most of their lives ; for, though Mr. Clark had early acquired some property, and was in a fair way to increase his possessions by industry and frugality^ yet, in con- sequence of the title of his lands proving invalid, he was reduced to poverty ; and, to add to their afflic- tions, he soon became blind. He had suffered from an affection of the eyes for some time, when he was induced to make trial of the skill of a pretended oculist, by which experiment he was wholly deprived of sight. These two privations, the loss of his farm and his eyes, effectually prevented his worldly pros- perity, and rendered it necessary that the children should begin in early life to contribute, as they might be able, toward their own support. Under these cir- cumstances, John resided but occasionally in his father's family after he was eight years old. In suc- ceeding days of tender childhood he was employed H -^ POVERTY NOT ALWAYS AN EVIL. 21 in various wayB, at difforont places, for hucIi com- ponsatlon tis his little Hervicea would coininaiul. To the pampered children of wealth it would, %f doubtless, appear like a grievous misfortune, thus to toil for bread almost from their tender infancy. A hardnhip it certainly was in his cose; yet such n condition is not wholly without advantages. Useful exorcine, when practiced within proper limits in early life, is well calculated to strengthen the muscles, develop the form, and give vigor to the whole sys- tem ; and as there is the closest connection and the strongest sympathy between the physical and the mental, it will follow, that in labor there is profit to the mind as well as to the body. In cases of deep poverty there will be the absence of those aids and facilities which are desirable for the improvement ^ both of the mind and estate ; yet a general and care- ful investigation will show that by far the largest proportion of those who now occupy important positions, and exert the widest influence, are such as were thrown upon their own resources in early life. Tlie writer has taken some pains to ascertain the early history and circumstances of most of the leading men in one of our old cities, which has a population of nearly forty thousand ; and it is worthy of remark, that, of the judges, the lawyers, tlie merchants, the teachers, and the clergymen, who are in the van 22 LIFE OP RKV. JOHN CLARK. i> I ■H of tlieir rospoctivo rnnkft, a largo majority Imvo oriscn from tlio "rurol districts," and from tho fuinilies of tho poor. Abject poverty is certainly an evil, and so is bloated wealth ; ond in which condition there ig the p^'oater danger it is difficult to determine. IFo was a wise man who proyed, "Give mo neither poverty nor riches." IIow much opportunity young Olark had for ac- quiring knowledge in tlio schools, is not known ; but judging from the character of those institutions at the time, and fVom tho condition of tho family, it is concluded that his advantages were very limited. A description of the schools, including houses, fur- niture, books, <&c., would, perhaps, be interesting to the children and youth of the present day, who live in those same localities, now so greatly improved. Tlie writer lived in times when all these bore rather primitive characters, and he is strongly inclined to indulge a little in description. Teachers of district schools wore often but poorly qualified for the work of teaching, being employed in that vocation only a few months in tho year, and resorting to it only to earn a slender compensation during the inclemency of winter. Or in summer, the mistress was employed to teach the simple rudiments to the very young children, who were too small to be of any service in the house or field. Tlie books of instruction were few in number, Jii.d "1* 1 1 too eld. 4^ PRIMITIVE SCIIOOL-nOUBEB. 28 imperfectly adapted to tlio capacities of cliildren, for " Eony loiwonA for uneoHy boy* '* were not then invented. Wolmtor's Spoiling lV>.)k, Dwight's Compendium of Arithmetic, and the Tliird Port for a reading-book, comprised nearly oH the books which were found in the schools. Tlio Colum- bian Orator was possessed by a favored few; and some had copies of Morsels Geography as rare treasures. Tlio English Header was introduced and became tlio reading-book at a later date. Tlie school-houses were "few and far between," and {;enerally cold and inconvenient. Tlio benches for small cliildren were mado of planks or slabs, sup- ported upon legs inserted in auger-holes, and without backs. A row of writing counters was placed around three sides of the room, a little diutanco from the wall ; and the occupants sat behind those, using the walls of the house for supports to their backs. When the children assembled, coming from all distances, from two miles and under, having pressed their way, it may be, through deep snows and drifts, with their bod shoes, held in possession jointly by their feet ond the snow, they found no stove glowing with heot, and diffusing its geniol influence oround the room ; but they found the house open ond cold ; for none were willing to put in repoir the creaking door or rattling windows; nor were they willing to poy a 24 LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. email tax to defray the expenses of such repairs. A large fire-place was built at one end of the house, in which there was generally, in winter, a fire, which feebly struggled for the mastery with a quantity of green wood, which obstinately refused to bum until late -in the forenoon of each day. Tlie children must study and shiver, and shiver and study, in this pur- gatory of frost, and get their lessons as best they could. Such were the facilities afforded the children of that day; while some parents were too poor to secure even these to their growing families. . No incidents in the early life of young Clark have been preserved ; and it is probable that nothing occurred to distinguish him from other boys of his age. I learn that he was possessed of good parts; that he had a resolute spirit, and was always on good terais with his fellows. He -^as an acknowledged leader in their plans and sports, and all were glad to follow. In 1816, when eighteen years of age, with the con- sent of his parents, he entered into an agreement with Mr. Simeon Rawson, of the town of Schroon, Essex County, New- York, to serve three years as an apprentice to the tanning business. Here he con- tinued two yeai*s and three months, and then left by mutual consent. Previously to his leaving Mr. Raw- son, he had been converted ; and though his employer was an unconverted man, and was called an infidel, 'fk \-m A NOBLE MASTER. 25 an on- by aw- )yer Idel, yet he became convinced that his apprentice must hecomo a preacher. Not a word had John uttered on this subject, even to his Christian friends ; voc liis irreligious master had marked his faithfulness, his devotion, and his increasing gifts, until the question was clear to his own mind. Of liis own accord he introduced the subject, anJ proposed to relinquish ail further claim to his services, although these were then more profitable to him than at any former time, as the apprentice was well skilled in the craft. How Strong and clear must have been the evidence of tlio young man's call to the work of the ministry, to pro- duce such an effect upon his employer I It is cer- tainly a curious circumstance, that one having no religion, and really no religious belief, should be able to detect the secret workings of the soul of another, and read its convictions on such a subject. It was a noble act on the part of that gentleman, thus to loose his apprentice and let him go, in order that he might lose no time in his preparation for his sacred work; and Mr. Clark remembered that act with gratitude. Such generosity contrasts strongly with the mercenary spirit of some who profess to be Christians, and yet have refused to release their apprentices for similar reasons, even when offers of compensation have been made to them. They must be served until the utmost limit of apprentice- ship is reached; and then the Lord may use the ill LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. young men. How strong is the principle of selfish- ness in the hearts of some men. It is not known what became of this Mr. Rawson, or whether he was ever converted; but it is hoped that the Gospel, as preached by the ministry to which he had so generously contributed his apprentice, may have proved " the power of God unto salvation," even to him. ■ H Jti Is; 'k =>^- ■«" 1/ t3^-* * r^^ EARLY CONVICTIONS. ST CHAPTER II. HIS CONVERSION AND LICENSE. Early Convictions — Ciiildren may bo converted Early — Visits Homo — Convictions deepened — Procrastinates — Resolves and fails — Convic- tions subside — Methodist Prayer-meeting — Mrs. Richards'a Exhorta- tion — Conviction returns — John in Class-meeting — Prayer in the Barn — Burden lost — Prayer in the Bark-mill — Witness of Ac- ceptance — Female Influence — Diligence in Study — Liceuso, From a verj brief sketch, penned by himself a little before his death, it is seen that young Clark enter- tained a full conviction of the truth of the Christian religion. "Without any very clear or distinct views of its special truths, as a system of doctrines, he yet had a good general view of its provisions and duties, and was persuaded that he must become a Christian, or perish forever. From the age of about nine yeai*s, it was his custom, every night on retiring to rest, to meditate seriously upon his exposed state ; and often the conviction was deep and painful, that if he should die before morning he would be lost in perdition. And when consciousness was beginning to return in the morning, he was found asking himself the ques- tion: "Am I in time, or in eternity without hope?" At that early date he was "not far from the kingdom of God ;" and if pious friends had then taken him by i'/ 28 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. the hand, given him instruction in religion, and whispered to him the words of invitation and hope, he would have been brought to the Saviour in his tender years. But at that time children were too much neglected; and parents, of a certain faith, sometimes contented themselves while waiting for "the Lord's own good time." They trusted that their children would be "willing in the day of his power," and so they failed to do their duty in the premises. It is too often the case that religion is presented to the minds of children only in its more awful aspects, and they are rather repulsed than attracted. Would it not be better, if this subject were made more familiar and inviting in the domestic circle? How many little ones might thus be won to the Saviour, instead of living in sin, and walking in the way to death ! But, in the absence of such encouragements and counsels as would have led to peace and joy, this young lad continued to fear und tremble, to sin and grieve, until he was nearlji twenty yeare of age. Tliere were tlie'i and there no Sunday schools to collect and feed the lambs, aud introduce them to the Good Shepherd. In the winter of 1817 there was an extensive revival of religion in the vicinity of his father's residence, the family having removed to Chester Cornel's, in Warren County, N. Y. In that revival KE80LVES TO BE A CHRISTIAN. 29 five members of the family were converted. Being on a visit to liis father's house, John was power- fully convinced of sin, and resolved to bo a Chris- tian. But a change of purpose is not a change of heart; and, as is often the case, depraved nature pleaded for a little delay. On the whole, he con- cluded to defer the matter until his return to Mr. Rawson's, where, as before mentioned, he was serving his apprenticeship. The distance was about eightaen miles, and he made the trip on foot. On his journey, his distress of mind increasing, he re- solved that, on reaching a certain place, ho would tuni aside and pray for immediate salvation. The place which he had decided to make his Bethel was an unoccupied log-house, which stood a few rods from the highway. This resolution being formed, and the time of its execution so near at hand, he found some mental relief, as was to be expected, from an honest purpose to do what had long been known as duty. But, alas! how little did he then know of "the devices of the adver- sary!" As he drew near the place he began to inquire, " If some one should see me enter or retire, or, passing, should hear my voice in prayer, what would be said?" Immediately there came upon him such a spirit of fear and terror as caused him to quicken his pace and hasten with all speed, until he had passed the place with his vow unperformed. ( • » Hi'E or llEV. JOUN CLAKK. How small a matter will often cause the soul to shrirk back when just within reach of the prize 1 And this occurs not only in the experience of the young and timid, but frequently in that of the mature and brave. But, as in other cases of the kind, so in this; conviction began to subside, so that when he reached his destination he could even trifle with his soul, and laughed at the suggestion that his countenance betrayed mental distress. His conviction for sin, however, was not wholly gone. On Sabbath morning, March 23, though he was apparently more cheerful, and even more mirth- ful than usual, yet some serious thoughts would rise unbidden. It was proposed by one of the young people (of whom there were several in the family, and all unconverted) that they take a walk of a mile or two to a Methodist prayer-meeting, at the house of Mr. George Moore, a leading member of the Church. The proposal was accepted, they arrived in due time, and the meeting proceeded with indi- cations of true sincerity and great earnestness on the part of the little band of worshipers. After several prayers had been offered, the exercises were changed, and exhortations were given by several persons in succession. At length Mrs. Kichards, the wife of the class-leader, addressed the little assembly in an affectionate and powerful manner. The word of exhortation reached the heart of John, m ATTENDS CLASS-ME£TINa. 81 and his convictions returned with almost resistless force. Tlie meeting ended and the people dis- persed, but he tarried behind his companions and lingered at the door, feeling a strange influence which seemed to prevent his retiring, and to draw him back into the house. He yielded to that in- fluence, and, for the first time in his life, was found in a Methodist class-meeting. • c^ All were surprised to see him there. What had induced him to return? This was the question which arose in all minds, but which none could answer. Before the leader reached the place where he was seated, his distress became almost insup- portable; and when the state of his mind was inquired after, he answered, with tears, that he was a poor miserable sinner desiring salvation. He was instructed, and prayed for, but no relief came to his soul. Yet the step was taken, his position was defined, and there was no way of honorable retreat, and he desired none. Fully resolved to seek until he should find, he walked homeward alone, under a burden which seemed too heavy to be borne. The bands of Satan were, however, so far loosed that he could pray, and pray he did. The captive struggled for deliverance, and the broken heart cried out for healing. All the remainder of the Sabbath and the day following his distress was unabated; but on Tuesday morning, March 25, m ■'""^^mi^m^mr I't I'l I :! 4\ S2 LIFE OF KEV. JOHN CLARK. 1817, just as tho sun was rising in tlio east, while he was pleading with God in the barn, the words, "Thy sins are forgiven," were impressed upon his mind with such distinctness that he turned to see if some one had not spoken them audibly. But no one was visible ; and yet again those blessed words appeared to be repeated. Thy sins are forgiven I He asked himself, " Is this the voice of God speak- ing in the soul? What else can it be?" Still he felt no special joy. Tlie burden was gone, the consciousness of guilt was removed, and he even began to fear that he might falter in his course, and fail of salvation after all. , , About ten o'clock on the same morning, some item of business called him to the tannery, about one hundred rods from the house, and on the way he resolved to spread his case again before the Lord and implore his aid. On reachiLg the place he entered the bark-mill, fell on his face, and entreated that his doubts might be solved and his way directed. While thus in the dust before the mercy-seat, he felt an inward conviction, a full assurance that the Lord had extended to him his pardoning favor and adopting love. His eyes and heart were raised heavenward, and his new-bom soul cried, "Abba, Father 1" Thus the new life was begun, the race for glory commenced, and from that day his course was onward. There was INriiUENCE OP WOMAN. 88 liile rde, liis Bee it no ^ordB [YEN I peak- ,m he 3, the • I even course, lj Borae ,, about he -way lore the place ce, and and his ore the a full him his eyes and aew-hom new He ced, and :iiere was no faltering in the course, no turning aside nftor other objects, and no shrinking from toil or danger. His all was presented to God, and must thence- forward be used in liis service. It may be allowable to remark hero, that very many have been brought to God by the faithful- ness of pious women. I need not refer to special cases, for they are all around ns. And many of them are among the best and greatest, both in position and influence. And yet some, in the muiis- try and laity, would have women altogether hold their peace in religious meetings. But for the exhortation of Ju's. Richards, who can tell what would have been the course and end of John Clark? Between the results of his labore, both for the white and red man, and the exhortation of that pious woman, there is a connection which the great Rewarder will not fail to recognize. Tlie young convert now availed himself of such aids as were within his reach for improving his mind; and being apt to learn, soon became quali- fied to teach a district school, which vocation he followed a portion of his time. He was soon licensed to exhort, and his word was not without eflfect, for sinners were awakened and converted, and tho fruits of his labors in that humble sphere will be found in the great harvest. He was warm and energetic in his manner, of fine personal ap- 3 84 LIFE OF REV. JOHN OLARK. i- ; I III; poaranco, and bioBsiod with a voico of vast com- pass and force, yot full of mulody and swoetncss. Happy in his Saviour, and burning with lovo for bouIhi, lio was ready for any labor or sacrifice. Having, as usual in our Church, held an exhorter's license, and having proved himself acceptable and useful, he was reconunended by the society as a suit- able person to be licensed to preach. At the next Quarterly Conference of Warren Circuit, held on the thirtieth of October, 1819, the license was granted. Daniel J. Wright was the preacher in charge. During the brief space which elapsed before the next session of the New- York Annual Conference, ho was diligent in his Master's work, and useful in his sphere. His desire for mental improvement was intense, his appli- cation constant and severe, and his profiting appeared to all. He, in some measure, triumphed over former disabilities, and redeemed the time so as to make amends for his earlier privations. ^ ENTERS THE ITINERANOT. 86 com- IlCflS. for • >rtor'8 e aut8 amounted to only thii'fy dollars I Yet, only a few years since, when speaking of those times, and of his small receipts, he playfully remarked that ho made quite a respcctahle payment on his note, which he liad given for a horse, saddle, and bridle, which ho had purchased on credit before going to his circuit. It ought ulso to be recorded, that besides tho above sum in cash, ho received tho following articles as presents : ono pair of woolen .socks, flannel for ono wrapper, and cloth for ono pair of pantaloons I Perhaps at this date, some young oxperimontors in itinerancy would regard such a lot as extremely hard ; and such it certainly was. IJut tho times, tho state of tho country and of tho Church, demanded such sacrifices ; and they were cheerfully made. Tho ministera fared as well as many of tho people, and with such equality they were satisfied. But tho times are changed, and in most of our work tho peo- ple are able to give tho preacher better accommoda- i#j PRIVATI0N8 OF TIIK ITINERANCV. 87 rcuit .tions their s very \o ond thirty caking iiy fully aymcnt BttcUlC, t before Dcordcd, ivcd tlio woolen one pair enters in ixtremoly times, tlio ciuanded lade. The pie, and But tlio k the peo- icommoda- 30 tions and hotter «U])port: and with incrouHed ahility, there is also the dittpoHition to render cointortahlo those who "labor in word and doctrine." Snroly, tliofto who bore the burden in tlio heat of the itt8town charge. ^his veteran minister yet lingers among ns in age and feebleness, waiting for the signing of his pass- port, that he may go home to dwell with Christ. Of him inquiry has been made concerning his young colleague; and the aged father delights in the recollection of the many amiable qualities which ho possessed for the work. His sermons were full of unction, partaking largely of the hortatory char- acter, and producing the effects which sermons should always produce : they made impressions which were lasting and saviig. But while they were warm and impressive, they were also arranged with suf- ficient care and method, giving indications, even at that early day, that their author would be called to fill important places in our Zion. While preparing for the pulpit, he was also faithful and diligent as a pastor. In his visits among the people there was a happy blending of wisdom and harmlessness. . He would never rudely thrust the subject of religion before the people, nor pass the time in merely social intercourse. Some ministers visit socially, and are very pleasant companions; but do little in the way of aiding their people in the way to heaven, or inducing others to enter that way. And others make their visits quite too professional, and so fail to secure all that is desirable. One of our bishops, while speaking of this branch of duty, in his address to candidates for admission to Conference, 44 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. n<^ 'I advised tliom not to make their visits wholly re- ligious, but that there be a union of the social with the religious element. Ho would have the preachera enter kindly into those concerns which interest the families which they visit, sympathizing with them in their joys and sorrows, and, sometimes, even in their business plans and cares. Then will the visits be stripped, in part, of that professional char- acter, which often hinders the effect of even the religious efforts of the pastor. Tlie people should bo made to see that the pastor is kind and sympathizing, as a man and a neighbor, as well as faithful in his duties as a spiritual shepherd. Mr. Clark was endowed with pleasing and useful conversational powers, and could easily adapt himself to all thj varieties of tastes and conditions which characterized the people, and yet preserve with sufficient distinctness his ministerial character. He knew how to " please all men for their good, to edifica- tion." There was considerable revival on the circuit ; and his colleague insists on giving him a full share of credit as a promoter of the work. While in this field of labor, Mr. Clark lived in the family of Mr. Simeon Lamb,* a prominent member ° Since the above was 'written, Brother Lamb has joined the Church triumphant. He died in the city of Troy, N. Y., March 12, 1866, " in a good old age." When his will shall be probated, it will, probably, be seen that some of the beneyolent institutions of the day have been well remembered. TESTIMONIALS OF C I[ Alt ACTEll. 46 of the Church, who yet lives to do good, by honoring the Lord with his substance. Tliis man had the best opportunity to know the young preacher, and it is refreshing to witness tUe delight with which ho speaks of him as he then was — always amiable, social, and happy : a pious young man, a faithful pastor, and a preacher of more than ordinary promise. Indeed, he speaks of him as he might be expected to speak of a beloved son who had gone away to heaven. It is evidence strongly in favor of the youthful preacher, that his colleague and his host, after the vicissitudes and forgettings of thirty-four years, retain such vivid, fresh, and glad remembrances of their long-past in- tercourse. •r r I < 46 LIFE OF BEY. JOHN CLABK. «l CHAPTER IV. FROM 1828 TO 1827. Warron Circuit — His Marriage — Bcucflls of Circuits — Glenn's Fnllrt and Samly Hill — Knox Cutap-nicctinf? — Mr. Clark'H Sermon — EtTcctw pro- duced— MiiUUcbury Station — Its Position — College and Alumni — Mr. Clark's Usul'ulucss — His Quulillcatious — Divers Gills cfiuully ncccMsary. In 1823 Mr. Clark was placed in charge of AVarron Circuit. lie was united in marriage with Miss Sarah M. Foote, at her father's house in Northampton, on the 14th of January preceding, but had not com- menced housekeeping until they reached this circuit. Here he labored one year, and then was appointed to Sandy Hill and Glenn's Falls Circuit, where he re- mained two years. The compiler has endeavored to collect some in- formation concerning the labors of Mr. Clark on those fields ; but the lapse of time, together with the extensive changes which have occurred through all those regions, have rendered the efforts fruitless, ex- cepting so far as generalities will serve the purpose. It is ascertained that there was some revival on the first- named circuit ; that all the interests of the Church were faithfully cared for and promoted ; and that he DKNKFITS OP CIRCUITS. 47 , Fftllrt and « JllTcctH pro- Alumnl — Warron iss Savali ipton, on lot com- ia circuit, ippointed ere lio ra- some ill- Clark on r witli the iroiigli all uitle98, ex- irpose. It m the first- he Church nd that he '-i' was a very accoptublo and able preaclior. Tlio exact report is, " ho was a very popular prcachei*." UiiL • LIFE OF IIKV. JOHN Cl.ABK. ' f >;i shows that it occurred during Mr. Clurk'B first year on Sandy Ilill and Glenn'« FallH Circuit. Mr. Karnes says : " The iinprosHions which lun preaching? made upon my mind wore of the most delightful character. Tiio sound of his voice was melodious ; and there seemed to bo a spirit of poetry in his langunfife, as well as music in his voice. His appearance, his countenance, his voice, his language, and his theme, all combined to render his discourses truly eloquent, and some- times thrillingly so. But when, added to all these, ho received the unction from above, and preached * with the Holy Ghost sent down from heaven,' they were sometimes overwhelming! Tliero is one such scene that I witnessed, that will never be forgotten by me while memory lasts, and I presume it will bo remembered by hundreds in eternity. " This occurred at a camp-meeting in the town of Knox, Albany County, N. Y., I think in 1824. Tlie meeting was commenced on Monday, a. J closed on Saturday morning. On Friday evening Brother Clark preached the last sermon. Tlie meeting had pro- gressed tolerably well up to that time. Many mem- bers of the Church had been quickened in the Divine life; some were wholly sanctified; backsliders were reclaimed, and a few sinners had been converted : but there had been no general outpoui'ing of the Holy Spirit. I ■- c CAMI'-MUKTINO HKUMON. 49 irHt year r. Kamos i(\o \ipon ter. The Bceiuod iiB well lis lutcnance, coml)ined im\ Bonic- ) all these, 1 prcacUod ivon,' tlioy 18 one such e forgotten 3 it will bo 10 town of 1824. Tlie \ closed on rother Clark g had pro- tf any meni- the Divine Lsliders were 1 converted: lu-ing of the n r " nrotbor Clark's text wnn, Doutoronomy xxxlii, 29: 'Ilnppy art thou, O Inrael; who 18 like unto thoe, O ])coplo Huvod hy the LordU' Subject: Tlio people of (iod, and their Imppinoss. The sermon was symmet- rical and beautiful ; but ho wont through his subject with something loss than his usual liberty. lie then took up the other side by way of contrast, and began to portray the misery of the wicked. Hero the inspi- ration came upon him, and the Spirit was poured u])on the congregation about the same time. It Boemod as if the pit of woo was uncapped, and the sinner saw himself just dropping in; while Christians saw their impenitent friends plunging, to rise no more forever 1 I was near the stand ; one fell on my right hand, another on my left ; and in a few mo- ments scores had fallen in the congregation. The cries and groans of the awakened, and the players of Christians commingled, was liko the rushing of mighty waters ; but the voice of the speaker could be hoard distinctly above it all, as clear and shrill as the sound of a trumpet, for the space of fifteen min- utes. He then gave way, and the meeting continued during the remainder of the night. "Whien the morning came, and the people col- lected before the stand to leave their testimony for the Lord, it was ascertained that about fifty had found the Saviour, as the result of the exercises of the preceding night. O, it was a melting scene il r I ftO LIFE OF KKV. JOHN CLABK, to Leliold tho grocti:if^ of parontn nnil children, brother niul Hlstors, IVieiulH and neighbors, who had ])Cou brought into tlio t'atnily of (iodi Wo couKl only oxclaiiii, with heartfelt gratitude, 'Tliin is tho Lord'tt doing, and it iH luarvelous in our eyoH!'" Such wore tho ctt'ectH produced by hid preach- ing at tiniOH. But it iH not pretondod that ho always, or often, prcaclied with equal power. On Bonio other occawions ho showed hiniHolf equally Btn»ng, OS nuiy bo Been on future pages. But there ifl no man who can always thus excel. Theso are, and must be, the exceptions with all ministers; yet it may be true, that if wc lived nearer the J »*d, wo should bo favored more frequently with h supernatural power. Tlion it would more generally bo said by the hearers, The Spirit of tho Lord camo upon tho preacher. Mr. Clark's next Held of labor was Middlobury, Vermont, a thriving village at tho Falls of Otter Creek, in Addison County. It is tlie county seat, and the site of a flourishing college, where many of the strong men, both in Church and State, re- ceived their education. It was the Alma Mater of Silas "Wright, tho statesman, once governor of tho Empire State ; of William Slade, many years in tho Congress of the Uniied States, and Governor of Ver- mont ; of Amos Lawrence, the well-known Christian merchant-prince of Massachusetts; and of Stephen *'! XiADOKH AT M I DDL K II L' U V. 61 who liftd >Vo could liU i» the j itt prcacU- d that ho owor. On olf equally Uvit tUcro TUeBO arc, luitttcrs; yot sr tlio T '• yr witli h pro gononUly of tlio Lord Mkldlebury, 'alls of Ottov county seat, ^hore many and State, re- Ima Mater of ,vernor of tlio ,v years in the vernor of Vcr- lown Christian lid of Stephen Olin, 1). D., the ripe ncholur, and tho j^ood and ^leat minister, n'lio haored "in was u not jrisc under ,f. the Ti'oy ,ers of the > yet reside many who elf. Under of MeLhod- th regard to L in his care ad the satis- ourish. His and it was L-e to dedine i always very pleasing, his aint and em- ■by members oily removed, jly and profit- ,t singer," and ^htful part of J ft ■ QUALIFICATIONS AND USEFULNESS. 68 worship, but could take the lead, giving to it such direction as he pleased. "With his vigor of body and mind, joined to his habitual industry, he must work for Christ and the Church ; and with his naturally cheerful heart, made happy by the love of God, ho could not fail to secure the esteem and friendship of all who knew him. His popular talents drew goodly numbers to his ministry, and his ardent piety led precious souls to his Saviour and theii*8. Though some men who have labored in that station have seen more extensive revivals, it is doubted whether any minis- ter ever contributed more toward the stability and future prosperity of the cause. To establish Chris- tians in the faith, to instruct them in righteousness, to train them for action in the great contest with the powers of darkness, are very important parts of ministerial duty. And he who is skilled and faith- ful in this varied work, is rendering as important service to the Church, as is he who brings the new-born babes and commits them to her care. "While one is eminently successful in awakening sinners and leading them to repentance, let him not despise his brother who trains them for duty and usefulness. And let not him who is mostly employed in this latter work, envy his brother who is more skilled in the former. "Every man shall receive his own reward according to his own labor." ■- '--i-j — 'wma^mmm LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. CIIAPTEE Y. PLATTSBURGH DISTRICT. Erroneous Viovs of the Nortli — Extracts from Dixon's Tour — Tho Writer's pcrsoral Knowlcdf^o of that llejrion — Mr. Clark's Youth us Presiding Elder — His Qualifications — Tho Times and their Influence — Effects of his Preaching— Tlio Angry Deacon — Mr. Clark vividly remembered — His Success at Quarterly and Camp Meetings — Hlus- tration — A curious Incident — Mr. Clark in tho Bishop's Council — Encounters an old Presiding Elder — Death of his only Child — His Resignation— Now- York City — His Character as a Man, a Christian, and a Mhiister. To this interesting and responsible field Mr. Clark was appointed in 1828, where he remained three years. It included much more territory than is embraced in its present limits, extending into Ver- mont so as to include all of Grand Isle, Franklin, La Moile, and large parts of Chittenden and Wash- ington Counties, besides all which is now known as Plattsburgh District. Some, and perhaps many, who have little or no acquaintance with that sec- • tion, almost suppose it to be the region of perpetual frost, and think an appointment to any of its cir- cuits or stations next of kin to banishment to Siberia. This fact induces me to transcribf) a few sentences from Dr. Dixon's " Tour in America." .-■*-- » ♦' DESCRIPTION OF PLATTSBURGH. 65 % ¥ n'B Tour— Tho lark's Youth ua I their Influenco [r. Clark vividly Meetings— W"9- diop'8 Council — only Child— His yian, a Christian, d Mr. Clark nained three tory than is ing into Ver- sle, Franklin, in and 'W^ash- low known as erhaps many, with that sec- n of perpetual any of its cir- lent to Siberia, few sentences " "Wo crossed tho St. Lawrence, and soon entered Lake Chainplain Tliis is, unquestion- ably, the finest lake I had seen. Tlie scenery on its banks is perfectly enchanting; and, unlike Lakes Erie and Ontario, it commands a view of mountain scenery of the most majestic description. Tliis lake is one hundred and thirty-two miles in length, and varies in breadth from the narrow channel to nine or ten miles. Many beautiful islands stud the waters with fine effect. At the close of tho day we ap- proached a place called Plattsburgh. Tlie scenery was the most beautifully romantic which nature can possibly present. A blue sky, deep, lofty, stretch- ing its heavenly arch to span the landscape; the sun, setting in all its gorgeous glory; the lake, smooth as glass, except as disturbed by our motion ; wild fowl fluttering about ai ''njoying the cool evening; the majestic mountaMis of Vermont loom- ing in the distance, and all the intermediate space filled with cultivated fields and towering forests; and the lovely little town of Plattsburgh, touching the fringe of the lake, and presenting the most p<^r- fect aspect of rural pc^ace and quiet on which the eye ever gazed! My manliness was here, for the first time, overcome : I longed and longed to get on shore, to fix my tent and remain forever I This sentiment was new: T had never before felt any remarkable desire to locate in any place I had -•A. >^v.. -f-.tj'*''^'''-' ulMMMiiMd 56 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. n ! seen ; but here, for a moment, I was perfectly over- come. Other aflections, of course, soon -prung up, and wafted my soul across the Atlantic, where treasures dearer than even tliese beauties had their dwelling. During this little paroxysm, delirium, or whatever it may be called, my kind companion. Dr. Eichey, had retired to his cabin, so thai one of my wants could not be denied a vent for excla- mations of delight! This was just one of those moments which never can be forgotten; an Eden, a paradisiacal scene, into which none can enter with OLio, and which leaves its picture vividly pen- ciled on the soul." Such is the description, and such were the emo- tions, of a disinterested witness, who h^d seen much of our own country and of the world; and who, had he passed the remainder of his voyage on that lake by daylight tv^onld have seen more than one spot of equal loveliness. The valley of that beauti ful lake contains as many delightful localities and desirable appointmonts as any other portion of our work ; and the writer claims to know, for he traveled in that valley during as many years as Jacob served for both his wives. In no part of the world are people -more enterprising, intelligent, or refined. Such was the district to which Mr. Clark was appointed, and such the village of Plattsvillo, where he resided. He was a yoimg man to be put in trust, and ■■■*"•. MADE PRESIDING ELDER. 67 ;tly over- •rung ^Vi c, where had their delirmtn? ompanion, that one for excla- 3 of those an Eden, can enter ividly pen- re the enio- i seen much and who, rage on that ,re than one that beauti ocalities and riion of our )!• he traveled Jacob served rid are people a. Snch was ppointed, and le resided, in trust, and 1 laden with responsibilities to such an extent, tor ho was not quite thirty-one yeare old. Ilis appoint- ment to such a charge is the best evidence that ho had acquitted himself well in his former charges; and the manner in which h.<^ perfonned his duties, and met Lis responsibilities on the district, proves the wisdom of the bishop who selected him for the work. The writer, as stated above, traveled in that region fourteen yeara, eleven of which were passed within the bounds of that district as it was; and ho is sure that no man ever occupied that field who made so deep and lasting an impression fDr good as did that young presiding elder. Youth and manhood seemed to meet just at that point, and to contribute, each its share, toward qualifying him for the position. During eight years ho had been improving his mind, and acquainting him- self with the theory and the practical workings of Methodism; and he brought with him to the dis- trict all that he had learned, and joining this rich endowment of experience, observation, and study, with the freshness, the vigor, and fire of his young manhood, he was every way qualified for his work. No man ever more fully complied with St. Paul's I advice to Timothy, " Let no man despise thy youth." The times were favorable for calling into exer- cise his energies and resources; for those were the days of large circuits, great quarterly meetings, m 'l| "^IIT 58 \: THE LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. and camp-mcctings like the populations of cities; and those were calculated to exert an inspiring influence upon him who presided over them. These influences were not lost upon Mr. Clark, for ho made his visitations and performed his ministra- tions " in the power of the Spirit." In every circuit which the writer traveled in that district, the name of John Clark was as "ointment poured forth." His sermons were remembered as the richest and the most overwhelming that the people ever heard. While preaching in a certain place on, "When ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves thrust out," the people were all pmazed, and some will insist to this day that the house literally shook I No doubt there was a shaking of the peoj>le, for many were convinced of sin, and made haste to "flee from the wrath to come." At a certain quarterly meeting, held in a union meeting-house, a prominent member and officer in the Church, who was a partner in the house, claimed the right to attend the love-feast. lie owned a pew, and his Church was joint-owner of the house, and, therefore, he had the right to inter- fere with the Methodist arrangement on the days when the occupancy of the house was theirs I Such was his strange logic, and many others are equally foolish on the same subject. But he was denied 3 of cities; n inspiring lem. These lark, for ho lis ministva- every circuit ct, the name Dured forth." a richest and Q ever heard. , on, "When Ld Jacob, and God, and yon re all omazed, hat the house 3 a shaking of ed of sin, and ,0 come." eld in a union . and officer in in the house, love-feast. He joint-owner of right to inter- .nt on the days as theirs I Such hers are equally he was denied THE ANGRY DEACON. fi admittance under tlio rule, as was right and proper. IIo was rather more angry than a Christian shoiild liave been, and remained about the door during the whole time of the love-feast, complaining to those who lingered with him, and exciting them against the Methodists. By this course he had excited himself also, and having so long "nursed his wrath to keep it warm," he was in no very promising temper to profit by the public exercises. But he entered at the proper time and took his seat, looking very unhappy, with his chin on hia breast and his arms akimbo: Soon after Mr. Clark commenced his sermon, the deacon looked up, as if somewhat surprised, or, at least, interested; but his upward look was hurried, and he instantly resumed his former look of sullen ill-humor. But his upward and interested glances were observed to be longer continued, as well as more frequently repeated; and soon ho forgot his anger, and eveiything else, except the word, and his tears flowed like rain while ho looked the preacher in the face, and drank in the truth, like a thirsty man drinking the cooling water. Truly the Gospel must have been preached with skill and force, to produce such an effect upon one so unprepared at the outset to profit in the hearing I The writer has received a large number of letters from persons who knew Mr. Clark well on that f^'ftr---^ CO LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. district; and tlio uniformity of expression, as well as views, in relation to his qualifications, is a little remarkable. The strong aft'ection which is cher- ished by many, both preachers and people, finds its fitting expression in the following extract from one of those letters: "When I received your letter of inquiry, it brought to my mind so many seasons of interest, when liev. John Clark was in this section, as to be almost overpowering." And ho then, like the othei's who have responded to my inquiries, gives his recollections of the man, and of his qualifications for his position. From such assurances the present chapter is composed. Though young, there was no man who could preside in a Quarterly Conference with more quiet dignity, or direct a camp-meeting with greater propriety and success. Indeed, that man must have been very bold, or very foolish, or both, who would venture to get out of order at a camp-meeting where John Clark presided. Yet there was nothing harsh or despotic in his manner; rather it was his urbanity, joined with his promptness, which made him so good a presiding ofiicer. The following extract from a letter written by one who was acquainted with him in those days, will illustrate the above remarks : " As a preacher, he was much admired by the peo- ple ; and I shared largely in this feeling of admiration. *^ TESTIMONY TO IIIS ABILITIES. 61 afl wcAl as is a littlo li is chcr- lo, finds its t from one !• letter of seasons of Jiis section, e then, V'ko [nirios, gives ^nalifications ; tlie present L wlio could 1 more qniet with greater Ml must have h, who would 3amp-meeting 3 was nothing ler it was his which made svritten by one ose days, will •ed hy the peo- of admiration. h\ I His handsome and commanding person, (he was then in his early prime,) Ills clear and nmsical voice, and his superior powers of argumentation, all conspired to make him the favorite preacher of my early days. Whenever he rose on the stand at camp- meeting, to preach or exhort, I was confident that an impression would be made ; and when in his preach- ing at quarterly meetings he grappled with any popular error, as he often did, I felt sure that error would sufibr ; and I do not recollect ever feeling the least disoppointment when he sat down. "He was great in conducting camp-meetings. The precision and authority with which he announced his rules, and his sagacity and untiring vigilance in enforcing them, were remarkable. He seemed to know how to counteract everything which was trans- piring on, or around the gi'ound, calculated to injure the order and success of the meeting, whether de- veloped in rowdyism, or wildfire, or in the converaa- tion of pereons opposed to camp-meetings. An inci- dent will illustrate : " At a camp-meeting held at Enosburgh, Vermont, in 1829, a Calvinistic minister of the place came upon the ground one afternoon; and, just before the evening service, he met some young persons of his acquaintance who had been powerfully awakened during the exercises of the day. They made known [to him their feelings ; and he gave them some advice, LIFE OF UEV. JOHN CLARK. tiliH ( * taking caro to caution thorn againHt giving any erodit to tho cainp-nioeting as an instrumontulity in their awakening; tolling thorn that while their awakening waa the work of God, camp-mootingb were all wrong. "After tho evoning sermon, Brother Olark rose very quietly, with his cloak upon his shoulders, made some appointments for prayer-meetings, spoke of tho increasing interest of tho meeting, and then alluded to the fact that some object to camp-meetings. Tlio moment ho struck this note his cloak fell from his shoulders; and his fine features and athletic frame were instinct with emotion that did not fail to com- municate itself to the congregation. He soon came to particulars, and said tliat a minister, living not a thousand miles off, had been upon the ground that evoning, telling some who were awakened, Hhat tho meeting had nothing to do in producing their feelings ; God had awakened them, but the meeting was all wrong.' He then referred to the language of the Jews to the man whom Jesus had cured of natural blindness: 'Give God tho praise; as for this man, wo know that he is a sinner :' and, in the space of eight or ten minutes, made such an application of it to the case in hand, as few men but John Clark could have done. The poor min^'ster was completely used up; and when the service closed he vanished instanter, and was seen no more at that meeting. OAMP-MEKTINO INCIDENT. 6S fivbg R'^y iimontttlity wliUe tlioir ip.meeting» Clark roflo ildors, mftde Bpoko of the then alluded jotingB. Tlio fell from his ithletic frame )t fail to com- le Boon came p, living not a le ground that wakened, Hhat reducing their it the meeting ) the language J had cured of use; asforthi^ id, in the space 1 application of but John Clark ^as completely jed he vanished tt that meeting. All folt that the rebuke was just; and that if any one undortook to operate againat one of John Clurk'u moetingH, however privately, he must look out, ' lest his deeds should be reproved.' " A curious case occurred at one of his camp- meetings : A young man of the name of C , who was rich and wild, attended the meeting. Having a fine pair of horses and a pleasure wagon, he usually brought with him several of his wild associates ; and they often visited the tavern in the village, about a mile distant from the place of meeting. There they indulged in the use of the fiery beverage, of which they wore quite fond, until they chose to return to the ground. There was a young minister in attendance who was very gifted, and active in the prayer-meetings, where lie proved himself useful. Such meetings were often held in front of the stand, and hundreds would unite in the devotions. The young preacher was very neat in his personal appearance, and wore a very good, nicely-fitting coat. C told his companions thut he would cut oflf that preacher's skirt in the even- ing ; and they were all ready to urge him on to per- ; form the feat. Accordingly, they were in waiting ; I and C watched his opportunity. When, in the i prayer-meeting, the young man was engaged in [prayer in the midst of the ring, and oblivious to all but the work in which he was employed, )ressing cautiously through tiie crowd of kneeling 64 LIFK OF ULV. JOHN CLAUK. 1 1 1 i!''l worahlpow, ho roiichod hifl poHitlon. But It woi nocessury to proccod with tho greatest caution, le»t Boino ono iniglit chnnco to dotuct him in tho act, and HO ho i>artly knelt back to buck with hi^ victim. Taking out Wm knitb, which lio had mudo keen for tho purpoHO, ho put hiu handn not'tiy bohitid him, and gontly holding tho skirt, ho cut it otl*. Tlion quietly creeping from tho circle, ho hastened to his company at tho wagon, saying, " BoyH, I have done it ;" and they rode olf to tho tavern to drink and make merry. Having obtained and drunk tho inebriating liquid, C turned from tho bai, and his posterior appearance arrested tho attention of tho bar-keeper, who exclaimed, "0 , they have docked youl" And, sure enough, ho had his own skirt carefully jilaced in his bosom, while his intended victim had escaped all harm. Tlio laugh was turned, of course ; and poor C heard not the last of it for many years. But ho formed tho resolution to refrain from mischief at camp-meetings ; and many years later, when he had become a tee- totaler, expressed his strong conviction that God guided that knife. Under Mr. Clark's administration the work pros- pered in all its departments. Ilis example of fidelity and energy was happy in its effect upon the preach- ers; and his intercourse with them was always of tho most delightful and happy character. Ko common " ''». HCKNE IN TlIK IIISHOP'fl COUNCIL. 65 [^Ut U Wfti uutioii, Icftt in tlio ftct, k with \n» i had luttJo jot'tly behind 5 cut it off. Ivo hftBtoued BoyH, I have ion\ to dviuk I and drunk from tlio bai, the attention "0 — » *^^®y gh, ho had his iom, while his ,a. Tlie laugh heard not ho formed the ;amp-meoting3 ; become a tee- etion that God the work pros- ,mple of fidelity ipon the preach- ras always of the >r. No common ohMtiicle over prevented his nttendnnco at liis np- pointiuonts, even though iio was obliged to break tliu ice in the La Muille Uivor with a rail, and so inuko a way for his liorrte. Voim^ as he was, he know how to provide for the wants of his district, nnd iiiaititain his official rights. The first time that he took his ])lace in the ])iHhoi)'s Council, to nominate iniriiHters for the several c'larges in his district, he encountered the Ajax of the Board, in the person of an old presiding elder, who had not been accustomed to defeat. He nominated Brother C for Platts- burgh, when the old veteran said, "You cannot have him ; I want liim myself." A few words of debate followed, when the bishop proposed to pass Platts- burgh for the present. Tliis was done, and a man was put down for another place. But the time ar- rived when Plattsburgh must be provided for, and Mr. Clark again nominated Brother C . Tliia brought the veteran to his feet ; and in tones and I terms of severity he rebuked the youthful presiding [elder. He said: "I have aided and instructed that [boy ; I have furnished him with books, been a father |to him, and made him all that he is ; and this is the return for all my kindness." And much more in the same strain. After the old elder had taken his seat, some time )a8sed in silence, when the bishop asked Mr. Clark he had anything to say. He then rose, leaned over 5 t I LIFE OF ItEV. JOHN CLARK. his chair, with his eyes fixed upon the floor ; and in humble accents, said, "Bishop! all that this aged father has said is true. He has been a father to me ; he has made me all that I am ; I shall never bo able to repay him." And then standing erect, he added : " But, sir, since you have seen fit to put me in my present position, I am, in the matter of rights, exactly his equal. I know my rights, and am prepared to maintain them ; and he must not expect that I will attempt to cancel my obligations to him, by sacri- ficing the interests of my district." He then gave his reasons at length, for believing that the best in- terests of the whole work would be subserved by the appointment of Brother C to Plattsburgh. He took his seat ; and the bishop said, " Put Brother C down for Plattsburgh." For the bold and manly course taken by Mr. Clark, he received the thanks of several of the presiding elders, who said that it was the first time that the old hero had been withstood and defeated. It is proper to remark, that the aged father never respected or esteemed him less than before; for he was a man of both good sense and piety, and is now with God. In the midst of delightful labors and successes, Mr. Clark and his companion were visited with affliction in their pleasant home. Their beloved little Mary, an only child, of nearly four years, sickened and died. When she was attacked with disease, (dysentery,) he DEATH OF HIS ONLY CHILD. 67 )r', and in thie aged t father to ai never bo 5t,he added: me in ray ghta, exactly- prepared to jt that I will im, hy sacri- [e then gave t the heat in- served by the ;tshurgh. He "put Brother the hold and 3 received the [aers, who said hero had been jer to remark, [r esteemed him of both good was absent at one of his quarterly meetings ; and, though all had been done that skill in medicine and maternal affection could do, yet, on his return, he perceived that death would claim his little darling. When the spirit had fled, he closed the once spark- ling eyes with his own hands; and then, request- ing the kind neighbors to be seated, he sung the hymn, " God moves in a mysterious way His wonders to perform;" and kneeling down, he prayod in a submissive spirit, imploring "grace to help in time of need." From that moment he was Divinely sustained, and no mm*- mur or complaint was ever uttered. In 1831, his field of labor was iPTew-York city, which was then a circuit, with several preachers. The compiler has sought mformation from all the preachers who were on that charge, and who are yet alive ; but he has obtained only one response, and that from the one who was least acquainted with Mr. Clark. He speaks well of him in general terms, but furnishes nothing from which I can di'aw so as to an- iswer any purpose. Since the foregoing was written, I have obtained [the following from Francis Hall, Esq., of the Com- rdal Advertiser^ New- York : LIFE OF REV, JOUN CLARK. ^ * New-Yoek, ^cJ. 4rk. It is with the works of as the best ex- sustoms. Tliese lities that could d with the sub- have been the )f the forest. But the best opportunities are but indifferent, [for the time has passed away unimproved. Tlie true and proper time was before the Indian had been changed, either for better or worse, by con- tact with the whites, and before hostilities had [rendered him suspicious and reserved. Tliose who [had the earliest opportunities for forming a true [estimate of the Indian character and history had [other motives in view. Tlie hardy leadere of ex- Iploring expeditions never thought of inquiring |wliether the Indians had any history or mythology, ^but were intent on discovery and conquest, or sud- den wealth, by means of a commerce which exerted a baneful and ruinous effect upon those inexpe- rienced children of nature; and the early settlers |were neither qualified nor disposed to pursue a jourse of investigation in relation to the subject, [hey had enough to do in clearing away the forest, greeting habitations, and planting the fields; and, general, they were aggressors, without even the form of honor or honesty. And before the men ^ame who were fitted for the work of impartial and l^atieut investigation, the hostilities and jealousies rhich were engendered effectually prevented all |asy access to the history and internal life of those iteresting specimens of humanity. Our govem- lont has too often acted as if the Indian had no Bghts, but was fair game for unprincipled agents, I ul I i I p r LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. provided tlioir course was prodnctivo of the onlftrgo- mont of the p»i])lic domain. Treaties have been made with iinautiiori/od and self-appointed persons from amon^ the Indians; and those treaties liavo boon enforced hy all the power of the notion against the weak and injured party, until their blood hat^ moistened their hunting-grounds, and their bkiich- ing bones ore left unbnried upon the graves of their fathers I By such intercouree with the Indians, some traits in their character liavo been domons^trated. Their expertness in war, their skill, stratagem, and con- tempt of suffering, heir fortitude oven in deatli, and their noblo sentiments of independence, have all been seen and admired. But their moral capabili- ties have not been searched out nor aided. Tlioy have been loft to perish at our doors, under the blighting influence of the "fire w^aters," dealt out to them by the murderous hand of cupidity; and the power of the white man has been exerted for their destruction, and not for their salvation. Thero are some noble exceptions, and it is with sincere pleasure that they are acknowledged. There have been a few Elliotts and Brainards iu the earlier periods of our intercourse with them, and a fow Cases, and Clarks, and Chandlers, and Finleys, of later date, who were willing to labor for the eleva- tion of the poor red man. RK. CHAKACTER OP TUK INDIANS. 77 3B have been )iutotl persoiw troaticH havo nation against loir blood has i their blc'iicli- tlio graves of ms, souio traits istrntetl. Tlioir ipjein, and eon- oven in death, idonce, have all moral capabili- r aided. Tlioy 5ors, under the ters " dealt out ' cupidity; and oen exerted for ilvation. Thero is with sincere 5d. There have 3 in the earlier Lcm, and a fo^v and Finleys, ot or for the eleva- Tho Indians are said to be cruel, and it niunt )o confessed that their practice of torturing their japtivos has furnished ground for tho charge. But Is there not some little palliation to be pleaded, so fur us tlieir white captives are concerned? These the Indian regarded as trespassers upon his vested ightn; us his worst enemies, whom he was bound ko extirpate, and who deserved the harwhost trcut- lont. And to some extent this estimate was cor- rect. Kevenge for injuries received fired their touls, and, in their estimation, was justifiable. Let every charge be brought against them which truth will justify, and after allowing them all, we may adopt the language of Mrs. Clark, the wife (now widow) of our missionary. "Tell me of any vice ,|>r crime of which the Indians are guilty, and of rhich white men are innocent, and I will allow lat the Indians are worse than the whites." Tlie writer is not able to persuade himself that le red man had a just and God-given right to stain all this continent forever as mere hunting- round; and hence he is not of the number who 9gard their title as inalienable. The first man ^as put into tho garden to "dress and keep it," id when driven out into "the wide, wide world," was to "till the earth and subdue it." It was jver the design of Him who "gave the earth to le children of men," that any tribes should live I ! ' 1 1 r work of their religion ; but superstition has gratloil lupoii the original Htock, until it has become nion- Utrons with domonology, witchcraft, and necro- mancy. They have no succession in the priesthood, .but, like the otlico of war-captain, it is assumed ind exorcised by men of more than ordinary acute- 108S and cunning. It is conferred by the election of opiniony but not of votes. While they regard the Great Spirit as having his residence in the iky, they invariably locate the minor divinities in the earth. The idea of a universal deluge is tally entertained by all the Indians, and it is found |n their tales and legends, even at the greatest listance ft'om civilization and Christianity. Tliey ive also some cnide notions of the incarnation, is evident from legends gathered and translated ^y Mr. Schoolcraft. The Indians are almost universally fond of the [fire waters," and will part with the most highly- rized and useful articles in exchange for the destruc- re beverage. Colonel M'Kenney visited Drum- lond's Island on the occasion of the Indians drawing ^eir annuity from the British government, and, in [peaking of a kind of torch-light dance, he says : LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. I 'A :' ii, , il'": " It is not po .aible to give a description of the looks and gestures of those staggering and naked Indians when seen by torch-light. The torch is made of birch-bark, and emits a large flame, with much smoke. The glare from one is livid, but a hundred, all lighted at once, and flaring about in all directions, and reflecting upon naked and painted savages, with bells rattling from their long and plaited locks, and who, every now and then, fall into a thicket, and letting go their grasp of the torch, send it flaming and smoking along the ground, produced an effect not easy to describe, while its fittest resemblance is that hell of which we read, where the wicked are said to * gnash their teeth,' and from whence *the smoke of their tor- ment' ascends. All this comes of whisky! We saw a log-house on the island, where a sutler had fixed himself, and I counted seventeen empty bar- rels. For their contents these poor wretches had exchanged their fine Mackinaw blankets, kettles, knives, calicoes, &c., which they had drawn from the government." -^ There is scarcely any evil so great as that of drunkenness ; and the introduction of whisky among the Indians is one of the greatest wrongs which vicious and covetous white men have inflicted upon that abused people. A. curiouF, yet tragic account, is given by both \i i n I. tion of the and naked le torch is flame, with livid, but a iring about naked and a their long V and then, 3ir grasp of g along the to describe, ell of which * gnash their of their tor- hisky 1 We a sutler had empty bar- vretches had kets, kettles, drawn from ; as that of hisky among Tongs which nflicted upon ven by both BANEFUL EFFECTS UF WHISKY. 81 M'Konney and Schoolcraft, which illustrates tlie Indian's love of strong drink, and also his fancied manliness. At a grand council, at which were assembled many Indians from various tribes, there were present. General Cass, General Scott, Colonel M'Kenney, Mr. Schoolcraft, and many other ofli- cers, both civil and military. After the business of the council was finished, and niany of the Indians had left, there was heard tlie startling cry of mur- der! Tlie officers and others rushed to the spot, and found a woman prostrate and bleeding pro- fusely, while an Indian was brandishing his bloody knife over the victim. Mr. Schoolcraft seized him by his long hair, and instantly laid him on his back, placing his knee upon his breast and holding him fast. On inquiry it was ascertained that he had attempted to take the life of the woman, who was his mother-in-law, because she had endeavored to dissuade him from going into the woods to buy whisky of a skulking villain, who had concealed himself there for the purpose of supplying them with the article in exchange for the presents which they had just received at the treaty. Tiie wrath of tW Indian was 'kindled against her, because she I had presumed to interfere with the pleasure or purpose of a 7nan ; and the more especially, be- : cause she ventured to take him by the arm to hold ihim back from the way to drmikenness. He raised 6 a -V^i,' 82 LIFE or REV. JOHN CLARK. his knife to kill her on the epot, and, as she attempted to parry the blow, its whole force fell upon her arm, and his second attempt was warded off by the other arm, which also received a fright- ful gash. Jii^ ' '■'^.^ The Indian was taken before Governor Cass, and the case was related with all its circumstances, when the governor decided to make a woman of Mm! The Indians gathered around, to whom the governor gave an address, portraying the criminality and meanness of the act, and sentenced the culprit to degradation, as one unworthy the name of Trian. An old greasy petticoat was found, and, in the presence of both whites and Indians, he was de- prived of his own clothing, invested with the apparel of woman, and chased from the hill on which the ceremony was performed. He rushed into a lodge, fell on his face, and bemoaned his fate, choosing rather to die than live. It is said that he never recovered his position with his tribe, but was ever after considered as disfranchised and de- graded. The whisky-trader fled to a place of con- cealment, and so avoided a fate not less degrading. The eloquence of the Indian is allowed and admired, and a few brief specimens may be appro- priate in this place. "When in council with General Harrison, in his military tent, Tecumseh gave a powerful address, I i ii' ■m KMSMia Mi mmm K. ,nd, as she e force fell was warded ed a frigbt- or Cass, and rcumstaBces, % woman of to whom the ,e criminality d the culprit lame of man. and, in the , he was de- ed with the the hill on He rushed •aned his fate, is said that his tribe, but hised and de- place of con- 59 degrading, allowed and aay be appro- INDIAN ELOQUENCE. 88 in his erful address, irrison. at the conclusion of which it was perceived that no chair had been provided for him. Tlie general ordered the chair, and said, "Your father requests you to take a chair." The warrior, suspecting, perhaps, that it was more an affront than over- sight, with an air of offended dignity declined the proffered seat, and, calmly seating himself on the gi'ound, said, "My father I The sun is my father, and the earth is my mother: I will recline upon her bosom." During the Florida troubles, which resulted in war, a Seminole chief said to General Clinch : " You have arms, and so have we ; you have powder and lead, and so have we ; you have men, and so have we ; your men will fight, and so will ours, till the last drop of the Seminole's blood shall moisten his hunting-ground." Schenandoah, a celebrated chief of the Oneida itribe, lived to a great age ; and in his last public [speech said, " Brothers ! I am an aged hemlock. The [winds of a hundred winters have whistled through |my branches, arcT lam dead at the topJ^ Pushmataha, a venerable chief of a Western tribe, it a council held in "Washington many years since, lUuding to his great age and the prospect of speedy leath, said: "My children will walk through the forests, and the Great Spirit will whisper in the tree- |;ops, and the flowers will spring up in the trail, but h .*. 84 LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. : , ll^ii I Pushmataha will not hear ; he will not see the flow- ers ; he will be gone. His people will know that he is dead. The news will come to their ears as the sound of the fall of a mighty oak in the stillness of the forest." ;, The following is a specimen of eloquence in words and actions united. The Treaty of New Euchota was the work of only three men, Major Ridge, his son John, and Elias Boudinot; all Indians, who had been bribed : and when it was shown, with all clearness, that these men were not authorized to make a treaty for the Cherokees, ceding away their lands, still the government held them to it by force, and compelled them to remove. And when the brave Osceola was commanded by the agent to affix his mark to the document, which was miscalled a treaty, and threatened with punishment by the power of the United States if he refused, that noble chief drew his knife, and approaching the table on which the document lay, said, " If I must make my mark, there it is," thrusting the knife through the document into the table I For this he was seized as a prisoner, and his people made to endure all tlie horrors of a desolating war ! The poetry of the Indians is simple and infantile, yet it shows their capability. The following is a trans- lation of the wa/r-song of a Chippewa chief, by Mr. '^hoolcraft: 68 the flow- low that he ears as the stillness of ce in words 3W Euchota ajor Ritlge, all Indians, shown, with t authorized ieding away lem to it by And when the agent to sras miscalled lent by the I, that noble the table on ist make my through the was seized as idure all tlic md infantile, inff is a trans- 2hief, by Mr. INDIAN POETRY. 86 " On that day when our heroes lay low — lay low, On that day when our heroes lay low ; I fought by their side, and I thought ore I died. Just vengeance to take on the foe — on the foe, Just vengeance to take on the foe. j^ " On that day when our chieftains lay dead — lay dead, On that day when our chieftains lay dead, ^ I fought hand to hand, at the head of my band, And htro on my breast have I bled — have I bled, And here on my breast have I bled. " Our chiefs shall return no more — no more. Our chiefs shall return no more. And their brothers in war who can't show scar for soar, Like women their fate shall deplore— shall deplore, Like women their fate shall deplore. " Five winters in hunting we'll spend — we'll spend. Five winters in hunting we'll spend ; Then our boys grown to men, to the war lead again, And our days, like our fathers', we'll end — we'll end. And our days, like our fathers', we'll end." Perhaps the following appeal, or something like it, at least in sentiment, finds a response in many piona hearts at this time. Tlie lines were written by a lady |in Connecticut, and published in ^''M^Kenmy^s Per- ^eonal Memoirs^ " I dwell with the tempest, I'm rock'd by the stovm ; No pillow of luxury come I to crave ; Sole lord of the brute, in whose furs I am warm. Yet pity the red man, ye sons of the wave. m *iv.f; LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. '%• M f " Ere the wido-sproading ocean, now rolling so blue, Your forefathers bore from afar to our shore ; These forests comprised all the pleasures we knew; Then pity the red man, now happy no more. " Ye dwell at the fountain of mental delight, Whose streams intellectual deliciously roll; And when the rich banquets so freely invite, ' 0, pity the red man ; he too has a soult ^' O, teach him that Name, to all Christians so dear, Your passport to mansions of glory on high ; That Name which supports you in death, without fear ; Declare to the red man, and teach him to die" Mr. Clark was now entering upon new ground, and engaging in work which required all his skill and prudence, as well as the great firmness and untiring energy, which were among his prominent characteristics. Having laid himself on the mission- ary altar, he was ready to labor in that field so long as Providence should prepare his way. While at anchor off Fort Brady, just below Sault Ste. Marie, he was informed that four Indian speakers, who labored there for some time with good success, were about to leave for their homes in Canada West, on account of cholera. This was not, at that time, his field of labor ; yet, feeling a strong desire that none of the poor Indians might be left without in- struction, he wrote to those brethren a letter of en- couragement, and urged them to stay a while longer. To that letter he received this answer : m^ ElK. LETTER FROM OEOROE HENRY. 87 1) blue, are; knew; ore. dear, rithout fear ; new ground, 1 all his skill firmness and his prominent )n the mission- b field so long ist below Sault adian speakers, 1 good success, Canada "West, , at that time, ing desire that eft without in- a letter of en- a while longer. "Satii.t Ste. Mabie, July 10, 1882. " Dear Brotheii, — M'itl\ haste I now write these few linos, to let you know that wo are going to start to-day for home ; not because of tlio sickness, but because our time is out. We was to been home three weeks ago ; and on account of that we must go to-day, if it please the Lord. The Indians want us to stay very much, but cannot. Wo expect that Brother John Sunday will cojne soon after this ; he was to been liore three weeks ago. We shall meet him on the way if he is coming at all. "Dear brother, we are very glad for what the Lord has done among the poor Indians since we have been here. About sixty of them have (;iven themselves to the Lord. We hope that the Lord will bless them very much, and save them in heaven for- ever. We are v^ry gTiid indeed that you wrote to us, though we do not know you ; but we love all the people of God. The names of friends are these: David Sawyer, Thomas M'Gee, James Youngs. This is all I have to say: very great haste. I am your friend in Christ, George Henby." These men had labored there only about eight weeks; yet they had seen spiritual prosperity, and were greatly endeared to the Indians whom they had instructed. f'M 1 I I LIFE OF HEV. JOHN CLARK. , .■*■ i ir ^ I I !l Hi; I •l',.' CHAPTER VII. INDIAN MISSIONS— CONTINUED. (jrcen Itey — Its Situation — VlnitH tlio Indinn Bottlomont — Ilia Talk - Daniel Adatns— Tho Council — Favorublo Kcecption — Fir»t llouwe erected for Schools and WorHliip — Dedication — Lord'H Supper — DimonBions, &c., of tho IIoubo — First McthodlHt Class — Tlio School and Sabbath School — Jolin Sunday at Sault Stc. Mario — Sagi- naw Bay — Mr. Clark in tho East — Letter from Daniel Adunis. On reaching his field of labor the missionary pro- ceeded without delay to the work before him. In a letter to the Board, dated September 5th, 1832, ho gives a brief description of tho locality, and of the prospects as he viewed them : " Green Bay is a fine sheet of water, on the west side of Lake Michigan, formed by a chain of islands, lying in a direction about northeast and southwest. The bay is one hundred miles long, and, in some places, forty miles wide. The head of the bay is in north latitude 44° 39', ten degrees west from Wash- ington. The white settlement is located mostly on the left bank of the Fox River, extending up the river about five miles from the head of the bay. The population is about one thousand, most of whom are French Catholics, but greatly amalgamated with the Menomonee Indians, over whom it is said they .sW ■n c. VISIT TO THE INDIANS. 89 It — His Talk — — Fir»t House Lord'rt Supper wt Cla«8 — Tlio 3. Mario — Sftgi- [ Aduins. ionary pro- him. In a h, 1832, lio and of the on the west 1 of islands, . southwest, id, in some le bay is in from Wash- i mostly on ling up the jf the bay. Dst of whom imated with is said they have great influence. There is evidently great neces- ; sity for a thorough revival of religioi4 here. I "The Indian settlement, whoso interests were specially kept in view in establishing this mission, is located about twenty-five miles from this place, on ^ the left bank of the Fox River. Tlieir situation is healthy, and the land productive." He soon visited the Indians there, with Daniel Adams, a native preacher in the Mohawk language. Anthony John, the principal chief, called together the whole settlement to receive them. Mr. Clark ad- dressed them in as simple words as possible, making known the objects of the mission ; after which Daniel spoke in a very feeling manner. He was followed by several Indians, who expressed their desire for a missionary, and their great joy that these had ari'ived. They then went into council with reference to a school, and fixed on a site for a school-house and place of worship. An Indian female was employed to take charge of the school for the present ; for, it will be remembered, that here were Indians who were formerly of the Oneida tribe, in che State of Kew- York, and that among them were some who were converted before their emigration. These had con- tinued firm in the faith, praying and hoping for a missionary. Daniel Adams was left here as the missionary, while Mr. Clark preached at this place and Green Bay on alternate Sabbaths. 90 L1F£ OF UKV. JUUN CLAKK. ^ Ml, *. !l.:ii.- '! Oil the 15th of Soptonihcr, 1832, tlioy huil the ploasuro of toeing their house for a school and for worehip cornploted; and a clasH was forinod of twenty-flvc Indian niembors, most of wliom gavo ovidenco of a cliango of heart, and all desired to "flee from the wrath to come, and be saved from their sins." Tlie next day being the Sabbath, they dedicated their house to the service of the great Head of the Church. Mr. Clark gave them a "talk" on 2 Corinthians, viii, 9, which, says he, "they re- ceived with many a falling tear." After the sermon he baptized Adam, an Indian child, son of John and Mary Smith, both persons of piety. He then gave the Lord's Supper to thirty-five or forty Indians, all " meekly kneeling upon their knees." Among these were some Presbyterians as well as Methodists ; and they belonged to three different tribes, Oneidas, Stockbridges, and Tuscaroras. On that occasion the missionary says, "It was truly a season of melting interest. I have seldom enjoyed one of greater happiness at the table of our blessed Lord." Who that has a Christian heart can contemplate the scenes of that hallowed day without emotion? True, this first Church, under the supervision of this self-denying missionary, was an humble structure, only twenty-four by thirty feet, and built of logs. There were no cushioned seats, nor richly-trimmed pulpit, nor sounding organ ; l>ut it was a holy place, fi "hil ll FIK8T tiCHOOL OHUANIZKJ). 91 y liuil tlio chool and formed of liom gftvo desired to aved from ibatli, tliey the great ma "talk" , "they re- tlje sermon i" John and then gave [ndians, all nong these •dists; and , Oneidas, ceasion the of melting of greater Dntemplate t emotion? lion of this structure, lit of logs, iy-trimmed holy place, nnd the Saviour, who is " meek and lowly in heart," and whose birthplace was a manger, was with the humble, happy band on that joyous occasion. On the next day they assembled to organize a school, and men, women, and children were present. After a brief address from Mr. Clark, remarks were made by Mossra. Marsh and Stevens, of the Stock- bridge Presbyterian Mission. The chief, Anthony John, urged his people to avail themselves of the advantages aiforded them, and declared his purpose to do all in his power to forward the designs of the mission. Tliey sung, and prayed, and opened the school with thirty Indian children. By special agreement with the teacher, a Sabbath school was to be taught regularly, for the benefit of adults as well as children. Mr. Clark had the satisfaction of learning from Mr. Schoolcraft, the Indian agent of Sault Ste. Marie, that John Sunday had arrived at that place, and was laboring with good success. He wrote him and the converted Indians a letter of encouragement and Christian greeting; and also desired that Mr. Schoolcraft would inform the chiefs that, if it pleased God, they should have a missionary and school in the spring. That Christian gentleman was always ready to encourage every good work, and used all his influenr e in favor of the missionaries. Had all the Indian agents under the general government been f » V ^, IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 1.1 ItilM 125 ^ ^ 12.2 Sf 144 "^ St U& 12.0 RJi& ! -^ 1.25 1 1.4 1.6 ^ 6" ^ ► Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MmIi « STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 145S0 (716) •72-4503 •s^ \ iV s> •<» 92 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. like him, there would be a less dark account against our nation in the court of heavon. Mr. Clark had his eye upon the vast field, and exerted himself to secure laborers for all its waste places. He had applied to that veteran missionary, Wm. Case, of Canada, for helpers, as it was his desire to establish a mission at Saginaw Bay, on the west side of Lake Huron. Mr. Case responded to the call, and sent laborers to that place, to act under the direction of Mr. Clark; but the dread of cholera, both by the natives and the speakers from Canada, caused an entire failure, and the young men returned home without even visiting the place of their destina- tion. Having arranged the work, so far as he was able, until more helpers should be furnished, Mr. Clark returned home to prepare his family for removal to the Indian country in the spring. He found Mrs. Clark in her usual health, with a fine boy nearly three months old, bom in his absence. This son they named John Emory; he is now the only remaining child. During the season which he passed in the East he was mindful of his own special work, and labored for its advancement. He traveled extensively in the regions of his earlier toils, and was everywhere received as the beloved minister. During a part of the time he took the appointments of the presiding elder of the Troy District, Eev. A. Scolefield, who was dis- f. L£'.:T£B from DANIEL ADAMS. d3 ant against field, and 1 its waste missionary, 3 his desire n the west to the call, under the of cholera, m Canada, m returned eir destina- 5 was able, Mr. Clark removal to 'ound Mrs. learly three hey named ig child, he East he >oredforit8 the regions eceived as r the time ig elder of LO was dis- abled by sickness. In November he attended a meeting of the Mission Board in New- York, and gave them, in person, an account of the wants and openings in the Indian countiy. He received several letters from his mission-field which greatly cheered his heart, one of which the reader will be glad to peruse. It was written by Daniel Adams, the native preacher whom Mr. Clark had left at the mission on the Fox Kiver, near Green Bay. It was his first attempt at missionary correspondence in the English language : "Deab Bbotheb, — ^I love you much in the Lord. I want to toll you a few words. I feel in my heart to rejoice every day because we have so many good meetings here. The Lord pours out his Holy Spirit, and carries on his work among us, in that he is bringing poor, drunken Indians out of nature's darkness into his marvelous light of the Gospel of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. O yes, dear brother 1 we rejoice over more converted Indians am e you saw me last; I have indeed, for my part, experienced the greatest blessings while I have been laboring here. I will tell you, dear brother, how great things God has done for my poor Indians. Some of them have got religion ! When converted, they no more get drunk, for their hearts have become new. You know, dear brother, what the word of God says: 'Therefore, if any man be in Christ Jesus, he is a new creature : old things are passed away, and behold, all things are become new.' I feel to thank God, and rejoice in my heart. "Dear brother, you must makehaste and come back early in the spring. I want you to build another school-house at Deer Creek when you come. You know that a great many Indians there got no religion, and know nothing about the Saviour. I hope, I ' ! ii ; I * lir :i H LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. by-and-by, to spread the Gospel in that place. You mast pray for them poor Indians. IVhile I write to you it makes me rejoice. Bat I hope to meet yon in heaven, that good place, where will be no more sin and sorrow, and where we will part no more for- ever. A word of advice will be thankfully received by your Christian brethren in the Lord. Daniel Adams." Mr. Clark's visit home, and his labors here, awakened a deeper interest in behalf of Indian Missions ; and they were aided the following spring bj donations of goods, clothing, books, &c., to the amount of three hundred dollars. A SUNDAY AT DETROIT. 95 *» v.. OHAPTEE ym. ^^ INDIAN MISSIONS— CONTINUED. Mr. Clark returns to his Field— A Sabbath at Detroit— Tlio evening Meeting — Thomaa Frazier — W. Herkimer — Peter Jonca — Storm on Lake Huron — Soult Ste. Marie — Location — H. Brady — Indian Labors — John Sunday's Missionary Speech — Proselyting — Council— An- swer Favorable — Peter Jones — l*reacher's House — Laboring with his own Hands — Week-day and Sabbath-sohool — Class-meetings — In- dians sincere and earnest — "A Sabbath Morning at Green Bay" — Houses at Duck Creek — Marriage of Miss Quinney and Daniel Adams — His Labors — Bemoval to Kansas — Death — Mrs. Adams. Mb. CLABK'tetunied to his distant field in the spring of 1833, taking his family with him. On the way he was joined by four Indians, all pious men, who devoted themselves to the missionary work. They passed a Sabbath at Detroit ; and the reader will be glad to read the following account of the meeting as published in the Detroit Courier , "Kev. John Clark, who has been appointed by the Methodist Episcopal Missionary Society to labor as a missionary among the Chippewas, arrived in this city on Saturday last, accompanied by four Indians, all of whom are devoted Christians. On the evening of last Sabbath, a scene was presented at the Methodist meeting-house well calculated to awaken the sympathies of Clmstians, and excite a deep % 90 LIFE OF BBV. JOHN OLAKK. I ' I interest in all who were privileged to witness it. After an able discourse from the Kev. Mr. Clark, these natives of the forest rose, and in a simple and earnest manner most affectingly addressed the au- dience. 'Tliomas, the youngest of the four, in his own simple way, adverted to past years when he visited Detroit, and so frequently saw poor Indians drunk. Ho spoke of the cnielty of white men in giving liquor to the Indians to destroy them. He told of the hap- piness he enjoyed in religion, and how dear to him was the Saviour. He said he had thought a great deal about poor Indians ; and with much earnestness entreated that Christians would pray for them, that they might be made acquainted with the Saviour. He closed his brief but touching appeal with an exhortation to all to seek religion. Thomas was much embarrassed at the commencement of his remarks, and said he was a poor Indian, and could not speak our language very well. "The next Indian who spoke was "William Her- kimer. Though not less embarrassed than the first, he could speak better English. He briefly con- trasted the high and numerous privileges of white people with those of the Indians. *But,' said he, *the Saviour is equally precious to the red man as to the white.' He spoke with deep feeling of his own sinMness and of the preciousness of the r INDIAN ADDRESSES. 97 Saviour, and exhorted Lidians to shun wlnsky, and prayed that the Great Spirit would lead all to embrace religion. "Peter Jones, the most intelligent of the four, had addressed the meeting previous to the sermon. He speaks our language well, and his manner was simple, sincere, and solemn. The evidence ho gave to the reality of true religion, to the power of tlio Holy Spirit, and the consolations of the true be- liever, could not but reach the heart and move the sympathies of a large portion, if not of all his hearers. His prayer in the Indian language, though unintelligible to the congregation, was marked with much fervor and humility of manner; and when, at the close, he sent up his earnest desire in our own language, the efiect was like the deep, and solemn, and irresistible appeal of the ^ still, small voice' of God, over the whole assembly. The exercises were closed with a hymn in the Indian language, sung by the four Indian bretliren. "The whole scene we have thus delineated was one of peculiar character. It speaks volumes to tho infidel, while the humble and devoted Christian was cheered by the promise of a glorious triumph of the Redeemer's kingdom. Here was Christianity in its infancy ; and though, like a grain of mustard seed, it brings forth but a tender and weakly crop, it is of God's right-hand planting, and will soon 1 ,> **. . ""'V . », >, W' JM. IP' ii iiiii a! i' LIF£ OF REV. JOHN CLARK. 'strotch its branches to the river, and its boughs to the ends of the earth.' The earth is too narrow for its purposes. It points forward to an eternity ! *^ These interesting visitors left us on Monday. Jones and Herkimer will accompany Mr. Clark to Sault Ste. Marie, and labor in the same field among the Ohippewas. The others, Frazer and M'Goe, will proceed to Green Bay, and remain with the Menomonees." On the 13th of June Mr. Clark wrote to the Board at New- York, informing them of his safe arrival at Sault Ste. Marie, after a passage of twenty- six days from Troy, N. Y. The last twenty miles were passed in an open birch-bark canoe. While off Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, they encountered a severe gale, which continued from Friday after- noon until Monday morning. The waters of Huron were Inshed into fury, and the waves appeared like little hills running a race. They were obliged to enter the bay, and lie at anchor until the storm had passed over. On reaching the Sault they were received by the sub-agent with great cordiality, for ho appeared deeply interested in everything which promised to improve the condition of the Indians. Mr. Schoolcraft, the agent, had removed to Mackinaw. Tliis new field of labor was a very healthy little town, in about 46° 30' north latitude, on the River St. Mary, between Lakes Superior and Huron. Its # .. ^ JOHN SUNDAY. 99 ts boughs JO narrow itemity t Monday. k[r. Clark lame fiold razor and id remain >te to the f his safe of twenty- Bnty miles e. While mntered a day atter- of Huron appeared re obliged the storm they were iiality, for ing which e Indians. iilackinaw. ilthy little the River iuron. Its name, Sanlt Sto. Marie, (pronounced So St. Mary,) literally moans the I^allsy or Zeapf of St. Mury. Hero is located Fort Brady. Tlie religious history of the place, so far as the Indians are concerned, is thus given by Mr. Clark : "The work of God commenced among the In- dians about two years ago, under the labors of John Sunday and his colleagues. He began his labors firat on the Canada, and then on the American side of the river, and in both places saw much fruit of his labors. In a short time the change produced in the conduct of many of the Indians, was matter of astonishment to all. " In the fall of that year Sunday returned with his company to Grape Island, and visited this place again in August following. During this absence the work did not prosper as he had expected it would ; but that servant of God was not discouraged, for those who had believed were steadfast, and some new converts were added to their number. Last fall Sunday went to Lake Superior, and left John Cah-beach and John Taunchy to take care of the work at the Sault. These brethren, by their pious integrity and attention to their various duties, have done honor to their profession." The reader has heard of this John Sunday be- fore, and will be pleased to read a ponion of one of his missionary speeches : 100 LIFK or UKV. JOHN OLARK. III Hi *' My dear Bkotueiw and SisTKBe, — I want to say a few wordu to you. I can't say much, by reason I not speak your language Once I live in the woods like wild man, but more like monkey. I thank the Great Spirit for bring mo out from darkness. When I live in the woo,<; I'!!ii '^y^' 8PEI0II or JOHN SUNDAY. 103 mifltako. Tlio whito man got plenty good honfios, plenty horses, ami cows, nnd vessels, and plenty Bteam-boats, because he worship tlie true God/ I stay seven months, talking in thoir wigwams. By and by they begin to like to hear about Jesus, and before I come away nine got religion, and eight more are nick here, [pointing to his heart.] Tliis summer I got a letter from an old Indian there. lie say, 'We wish you here again. I very poor, got nothing but ono old blanket coat ; but I know my Father in hnaven is rich. When I get there, I shall have plenty.' Tliis letter make mo cry. « My dear white brothers ! I thank you for what you have done. Fifty Indians last ten years whore I come from love Jesus. Many die happy, and talk about Jesus just before tliey die. Last summer I got very sick ; I think I'm going to die, but Jesus not want me yet : the missionary meeting cured me. See Indians at Credit, Rico Lake, and many places. Onco they got drunk, fight, kill each other I Now they live in houses, raise their own bread. I thank you for give us schools : yes, now they got schools, thank God. But there many Indians back in the woods ; the fields are white, ready for the harvest. I wish I had something to give. Well, Til tell you what I'll do : I'll give myself to God to use mo a little. Jesus Christ say, ^ I make you fishers of men.' I want you to pray for tl^ese fishermen, [ministers,] that they •!l''l mi < ,1 ' ' ii, 1 , i 1 ■' : ' 1 1 ' i; ; i 1 1 d 1 11 Jl' '1'' III: ! Ii II 1 lip : li! 11 mt'^: j ^i Fl; |i;|i n i . fr 'liii 'k\ . 'i;:. m im ' y ' is lr':i'' i ill! ruiij! '1 - 1 '1 Ph- ; iH ' Ii : ' III 1 .; BUI 1 1 j 104 LIFE OP RfiV. JOHN CLAItE. may have good luck this year. When I go to Quebec I liear a man say, * I go to Africa, try to catch black lish;' I'll try to catch red fish. I hope when we done suffer here we shall go to our Friend in heaven, and be with him forever. This is all I have to say." Tliis John Sunday was a man of great good sense, and no small degree of shrewdness. "When he was in Canada East, some yeai*s since, addressing missionary meetings, he perceived that many persons who came out of curiosity to hear him, would retire the moment lie had closed his address. This com'se he considered rude ; and besides, it was prompted by covetousness, or a desire to dodge the collection ; and he resolved to secure the money firat, and then give his speech. By this course he reached those who would have en- joyed the luxury without contributing to the cause in which he was engaged. On the arrival of Mr. Clark at the Sault, he found that strong efforts had been made by the Eev. Mr. , of the English Church, to induce all the Indians to remove to the Britit u side of the river, and place themselves under his instructions. Surely, low prose- ly tism is confined to no latitude. The effort proved a failure ; and the Methodists, under whose labors the work commenced, were permitted to carry it forward, ^nd train up the convei*tB whom God had given them. M MEETS THE INDIANS IN COUNCIL. 105 Our misionary lost no time in preparing for future operations. He met the principal Indians in council, and stated the object of his coming among them, asking their consent and cooperation. They de- ferred a final answer until the next Monday; but in the meantime the principal young chief assured him that nothing on their part should hinder the erection of a house of worship, and a place for a school. The final reply of the chiefs was favorable ; indeed, all seemed anxious for a school. One young chief, by the name of Ke-wan-ze-shaw-wan-no, said be had no heart to shut the door against the missionary. He had often heard of the Great Spirit, of the good place above, and desired to go there-; but he was weak, and had no wisdom, and the evil would often trip him up. He wanted his children instructed, that they might grow up strong and resist the evil. Mr. Clark says: " The whole was very interesting, and my Christian sympathies were not a little stirred on the occasion. " Brother Peter Jones, with other native speakere, came with me, and are daily laboring among the Indian brethren. Their meetings are very interesting. Our miseion family consists of myself, wife, and two little children; with Miss Gardner, of Troy, and Miss Bailies, of New-York. We are all in comfortable health and good spirits; and feel that Providence opens our way to live and labor for these lost sheep. f « 1 1 4i Ml I k i( IS- .a r ^^. 'ill:, W hiii I Ml I i i 106 lilFB OF BEY. JOHN OLABK. " By the pious labors of Brother Jones I have been much aided, both in administering the ordinances of the Church, and by his counsels in regard to our plans for future usefulness in the Chippewa country. I regard Sault Ste. Marie but as the thrsshold of the Indian country. By your citizens, I suppose, it is called the interior; but, arrive here, and you will hear of the interior as further west. Yes, and in that interior I hope ere long to sec the wandering Indians coming home to Christ. Glory be to God, the work is already begun 1" In August, 1833, Mr. Clark says: "My recent visit to Green Bay has prevented my building ; but I hope to commence preparing timber to-morrow. In this work I am almost wholly alone. My only sure dependence is upon Brother H. Whitehead, from Troy, New-York, who has nobly volunteered his services without charge, except for board, while he is in my employ. He is late from England ; an exhorter, pious and useful, and by trade a shop-joiner. To hire laborers is almost impossible; but as I un- derstand the use of the ax, saw, and hammer, and, to some extent, of the plane, I shall put my own shoulder to the wheel, and trust in Providence for success." As a temporary arrangement, a week-day and Sabbath school was commenced in their 5wn hired house, under the care of Miss Lydia Gardner, of %: SABBATH AT GREEN BAY. 107 Troy, New- York. Class-meetings were held weekly, and prayer-meetings four and five times each week. Let none despise those little meetings, or imagine that the worship of the Indians is not intelligent and acceptable. Their praying is always with simple earnestness, and often with "strong crying and tears;" and their singing is strangely sweet and melodious. Take the following beautiful testimony from Colonel M'Kenney. "A SABBATH MOBNINO AT GBEEN BAT. " How rarely has it happened, in the course of my observations, that this holy day has been vexed with the strife of elements. On the contraiy, all is still. The voice of their Maker would seem to have hushed river and forest into silence ; and then to have bade the sun to wheel himself up from his depths in the east, and pour over all, unobscured by clouds, a tempered heat, and crown the world with special loveliness. "The dawn of this morning was peculiarly beautiful. * Kosy fingers seemed to unbar the gates of light.' Violet and purple, with a wide and widening circle of * orient pearl,' all meet my eye with their charming and chastening influence. And then such a silence t Not a leaf rustled in the wind, and the waves broke in softer murmurs on the shore. The tree-tops now began to revel in the beams, and the highlands to drink in the sparkling glory, till the entire ckcuit of 1 1 ^ ■I!''! \'\. m, !'|!!i : r.iJi|! '11 ii j! I'' J! m 108 LIFE or REV. JOHN CLARK. the heavens was full of the mingled splendors of this Sabbath morn. "Yet all thJ3 silence was broken in upon this morning ; for just at the time when the eastern sky was made mellow by the sun's rays, and all was so quiet, my ears were greeted with the soft sounds of music. They came from the lodge of Christian In- dians, which was hard by in the woods. They had risen with the day to worship God. They sung in three parts — ^bass, tenor, and treble — and with time so true, and voices so sweet, as to add harmony even to nature itself. I attended their worship, and was with them again in the evening ; and as I listened to their praises and prayers, I felt humbled and ashamed of my country, in view of the wrongs it had inflicted, and continues to inflict, upon these desolate and desti- tute children of the forest. Flowers and gems were there, which needed only to be cultivated and polished, to insure from the one the emission of as sweet odors as ever regaled the circles of the civilized, and from the other a brilliance as dazzling as ever sparkled in the diadem of queenly beauty ; and yet they were, and are, neglected, trodden down, and treated as outcasts." In the summer of 1833, the superintendent con- tracted for two houses — the one for a school, and the other for the teacher — ^at Duck Creek, where the Indians were intending to remove ; for they had sold «.:ii m uV I DANIEL ADAMS. 109 their lands near Green Bay. The houses were to bo made substantial and comfortable for three hund- red dollars. Tlio ochool had prospered well under the care of Miss Quinney, the native teacher. At an examination at the end of the first year, Mr. Clark says: "In all the branches taught there had been a very encouraging proficiency ; and in geog- raphy, history, and mental arithmetic, the examina- tion was truly interesting." Miss Quinney had re- cently become the wife of the native missionary, Daniel Adams. This devoted missionary and his pious and in- telligent wife, after laboring for some years in that place, went among their people in the Kansas country, as missionaries. There Mr. Adams died in the Lord ; and his pious widow still lives and labors in that region. In the autumn of 1844, Bishop Morris, in com- pany with other brethren on their way to the Indian Mission Conference, at Tallequah, in the Cherokee Nation, spent a Sabbath at the Seneca Mission, the late field of Mr. Adams's missionary toil. He had been dead a few months, and was much lamented ; for he had when living the affections of the people of his charge. Mrs. Adams still occupies the mission house, in which the bishop preached on the Sabbath. He beara witness to her intelligence, piety, hospitality, and general good character among her neighbors. ' if m J 5 L hit . i 110 LIFE OF BBV. JOHN OLARK. A *• :! V ii ii CHAPTER IX. INDIAN MISSIONS— CONTINUED. * Fort Brady, its History— Rovival— First Winter at Sault Ste. Mario— Extout of Cliargo— Whisky Drinking— AbBtinonco of Members— Letter to the Board— Extent of Labors— Statistics- His Desire ibr Helpers — Bepoated Call — Perils by Water— Passage from Sault Ste. Mario to Green Bay— Indian Christians caring for Belativea— Arrival at tho Bay— Indian Thrift— Society prosperous. FoBT Bbady, at Sault Ste. Marie, was established in 1822, under the superintendence of General Brady. It is situated on gently rising ground, at the head of the navigable waters of the Ste. Marie, the river which connects the waters of Lakes Superior and lluron. The garrison was under the control of "the wicked one" until 1828, wlien it pleased Goc^ to bring two of the officers to the knowledge of tho truth. These gentlemen, by their piety and Chris- tian firmness, contributed not a little to the moral improvement of the garrison. In 1832 there was a good work of grace, under the labors of Rev. Messrs. Bingham, of the Baptist, and Porter, of the Congregational Church, both of whom were mis- sionaries at that place. A little before this work began at the Fort, there was a gracious revival J ! i! REVIVAL AT FORT BRADT. Ill among the Indians in the vicinity, under the labors of John Sunday, as has been intimated elsewhere. In the Fort nearly every officer, and thirty or forty soldiers, were brought to Christ. This command was soon after removed to Chicago, and was succeeded by another, which also loft early in 1833. In the month of August of that year, and soon after Mr. Clark commenced his labors there, the new garrison was favored with a "time of re- freshing from the presence of the Lord." The circulation of tracts, the ministry of the word, fre- quent meetings for prayer, and Bible-class instruc- tion, were the means which wore rendered effectual, by the Spirit of grace, in the promotion of the good work. Under date of January 1, 1834, Mr. Clark writes as follows : "From the time of the first case of conversion until now the work has continued. Although wo have seen little that has resembled the 'mighty rushing wind,' or earthquake shock, still the work appears to be of the genuine stamp. The profane have learned to pray, the inebriates turn from the liquid fire, and *take the cup of salvation.' O it would gladden the hearts of the pious, in city or country, to see officers, and soldiers, and citizens mingle in our circles of prayer and praise, bowing together at the same altar of mercy, invoking mercy for each other, for the poor Indians around us, and K , jr^«*«* if I' I ' I ii\''y ■; pip 112 LIFE OF REV. JOHN OLARK. for all the world! Some found salvation alone in • the woods, others when on duty in the guard-box. A few evenings sinco, I read in a public meeting the tract entitled, *The Conversion of a Deist,' which was the means of awakening a fine young officer, who has taken a firm stand on the side of religion, erected the family altar, and daily offers sacrifice to the God of heaven." Besides adding several members to the society, this work led to careful searchings of the Scrip- tures ; and Mr. Clark had the pleasure of ordering seven copies of Clarke's Commentary on tlie Old Testament, fifteen on the New, and one of Henry's Commentary, all for persons in the garrison who had given him their orders. During the whole time of Mr. Clark's connection with the Indian work, he received the most cordial reception at Fort Brady, and both officers and soldiers con- ferred upon him many tokens of esteem. He was now passing his first winter in that lati- tude, almost wholly shut out by ice and snow from the civilized world. Four mails in the winter were all they could hope for, and these were carried by Indians or Canadians, on foot, through a pathless forest, and along the margins of lakes and rivers, making the distance to Detroit, via Mackinaw, four hundred miles. His charge included Green Bay, Sault Ste. Marie, *%mmmM.. ■>yt, at^,; ' rflj^ "'■'■'J^V^ *-'*«- jrtK*> A- ■ ,▼*••. -^ A EXTENT OF UI8 OHAROE. 118 and Ko-wa-wo-non. From tho Bay to tlio Sault is about one hundred miles, and thence to Ke-wa- we-non about two hundred and fifty, making quite an extensive circuit, and one which, at certain seasons of the year, was both painful and perilous to travel. The members of the Indian class are represented as being firmly attached to the religion of Christ, with some addition to their numbers. The greatest diflSculty with which the missionary had to contend among the Indians, was their love of strong drink, which was furnished at every trading- post, by men who, like all others of their craft, were more unprincipled and vile than the poor besotted Indian himself. But, with constant vigilance, the formation of temperance societies, and tho aid of Divine grace, the converted Indians were preserved. Mr. Clark says : "The advent of the New Year is an event of great joy and festivity among the Indians; and while those who remain in their pagan state, and those who belong to the Eomanists, are much under the influence of strong drink, the members of our mission are steadfast in the principles and practice of temperance. Every one, so far as I know, abstained from every kind of intoxicating drink." About this time an appropriation was made to the Indians of this mission by the agent, Mr. School- 8 ■ •'"- M &- 1 ' tf -ill I 114 LIFB or KEY. JOHN OLARK. crafl, of a yoko of oxen, a plow, a harrow and chains, to bo nndor tho caro and direction of tho miesionary. Such an appropriation was oxcood- ingly valuable, and added much to the facilitien for agricultural work, which Mr. Clark was intro- ducing as extensively as practicable. On tho 21st of February, 1884, he writes : " Tliua far our winter has passed much more pleasantly than I had anticipated. Wo have had much snow, but our coldest weather has been but eighteen degrees below zero; and my time has been so constantly employed in tho various duties of my office, that I found no place for discontent, and nu time to cast an anxious look toward tho civilized world. I think often, indeed, of my Christian friends in various places; yet, I am happy in my lot, and earnestly desire that I may do the work assigned me, acceptably to the Church, and to the glory of God. "My weekly labors are as follows: Preach to the citizens and garrison in tho town, on Sunday morning ; to the Indians, at half past twelve P. M., at the office of the agent ; to the garrison, at three P. M., at the school-house in the Fort; and attend prayer-meeting at the same place in the evening. Tuesday evening, Bible-class for tho officers and their families. Wednesday evening, preach to the Indians and citizens in the town. Thursday even- T BTATISTIC8 OF TUB MISSION. 115 ingf Biblo-clnss for the soldiers. Friday evening, ))rayor-mceting in the Fort." Tliis plan Uomandod diligence and toil, and taken in connection with the domcHtic, and other duties of the missionary, wonld allow but little time for either discontent or relaxation ; and in tlie midst of all this labor and core, his health was otlten very far from being good. At the above date, tlie statistical report is as follows: 1. One school, with a female teacher and thirty scholars, all natives and half-breeds. 2. Tliree classes and fifty-nine members ; forty na- tives and nineteen whites. 8. There have been employed since May, three native exhorters; one for the year, one for six months, and one for four months. All could speak English, ond one could read a little. An interpreter (Henry Snake) had been employed since October. Ho could read and write, as well as speak English. Two of these natives had labored mostly at Ke-wa- we-non. None but a missionary among pagans, a witness of their darkness and degradation, can fully realize the imperative demand for laborers. Mr. Clark had seen and felt this demand ; and " his spirit was stirred within him," while he saw the length and breadth of the field, together with the new openings for the en- trance of the Qospel. It will not appear surprising, I (1 11 ♦• » 'I " liil U6 LirE or RKV. JOHN clark. then, that his calls should bo oaniost and importunato. Ho sayn : *' Ono oxcollent brothor writes mo from tho East, * I foar you will covor moro ground than yon can cul- tivate woll.' WoU, what shall I do i Shall I hang up my sicklo while tho distant Holds are white to tho harvest ? My heart, my soul, every Christian sympa- thy of my natuic «ays. No ! But I will tlirust it in on every side, as the Lord gives mo strength, trusting that tho Church will send forth some of her numerous sons to assist in binding tho sheaves, and gathering them into the gamer of God." Again ho writes : *^ I am in want of two young men of sound sense and piety, and other qualifications requisite for school-teaching, to go into tho interior this season, to teach Indian schools. I have already written to several persons on this subject, but have received no encouragement. I am in dist^'oss, fearing I may not obtain this help I It is importau*;; indeed, it is indis- pensable to our success. Whoever will volunteer, being qualified for the work, will find a healthy cli- mate, enough to eat for the support of life ; and, if faithful, great consolation of mind in their toil. Tho places for which they are wanted are Ke-wa-we-non, and Lac du Flangeau. O, who will go ?" Help was not long in coming, but I must not anti* cipate. MOPE OP TnAVETi BY WATEH. nr To pfivo the rojulor nomo Ideaof tlio toiln aiuI prrllH of our tiuHHionary, 8oino extrnctH i'roin IiIh Icttur to llio Board aro lioru iiiHurtud. Tho letter m (luted Sault Stv. Maru., May 31 : ^ "Oil the 2l8t of April I left this place to visit the iniHsiou nt (ireeti Bay, ond woh absent two weeks longer than I expected to bo. Such is our mode of traveling by water, that there is no certainty when we shall reach a given point ; and in tho inidut of urgent business wo aro often subjected to painful delays. *^Mondai/j Aj/ril iiUt — Loft at 4 P. M. for (keen Hay. Took pasHage to Mackinaw in a largo Macki- naw boat, about thirty feet long, and eight feet wide, and about thirty inches deep : boat open from bow to stern. Tin's is the kind of craft employed in tho Indian trade on Lake Superior. Our boat is propel- led by six oars, and one man to stec. It is furnished with two split or side sails, to hoist to tho wind when fair. Besides master and crow, wo have four paasen- gei*s. Wo put off with a high wind quartering ahead, and cold. At sunset got into a small creek to en- camp, having made eight miles. " Tuesday, 22d. — Wind high and cold, with rain, hail, and snow. Our bed is kept from tho water by a board thrown across two poles. Tlio swamp is full of water all around us. Remained in camp to-day. " Wednesday, 2dd. — Got under weigh at 4 A. M., m^mt- 11 !:l, 118 LIFE OF KEV. JOHN CLARK. ■Ii ! and roweil eighteen milea to Pickerell Point, south- west slioro of Muddy Lake, for breakfast. Hero one of my neighbors put up forty barrels of piekerel in seven days. Left this point at noon, wind fresh and directly aft. Hoisted sails, and in four hours landed on a point two miles from Lake Huron. This sail was unpleasant, as the weather was heavy with snow, so much so, that at times we made our courae wholly at a venture. Encamped for the night, and our tent- cloth soon froze, being wet. , . " Thursday^ 24:th. — ^Wind ahead. At noon made a push for the open lake, and after rowing three lioura came under Point St. Vital, seven miles from our last camp. ' ^^FHday, 25th. — ^Weather cold, wind high, and in our teeth. At 4 P. M. wind lulled a little ; made a hard push to reach the north chrnnel, which we gained by dark, and came-to for supper, and to wait for the moon to light our weary course. At 10 left our camp and a good fire. I wrapped myself in blankets and lay down in the boat. The crew soon lost their way, and after rowing about in the different channels until a late hour of the night, struck a fire on sn island, and lay down to wait for day. I re- mained in the boat, and on waking in the morning found myself covered with snow. " Saturday^ 26th. — At sunrise were on the move ; soon found our route, and at 8 A. M. brought up at a 8EARGH FOB A PRODIGAL. 119 email Indian settlomont, sixteen miles from Macki- naw, llie head man (called Skem-wa-wa) received us into his lodge with great cordiality. Here we spent the day. Wind high, and direct ahead. Weather cold. ^^ Sunday^ 27th. — ^Left om* kind Indian host at 2 A. M., and after seven hours' hard toil, through wind and cold, came to Mackinaw in thne for breakfast, which chimed well with our wants, for our stores were nearly exhausted. Here, after a week of toil through wind and waves, I found it grateful and refreshing to my spirit, to join in the public services of the house of God. I preached at 3 P. M. at the Fort, to a large and serious congregation of officers, soldiers, and citi- ens. I reached Mackinaw just in time to miss a direct passage to the Bay, and waiting for which I was de- tained eleven days." While he was waiting for a vessel on which he could embark for the Bay, an Indian youth, of eighteen years of age, with his parents, both pious, came to secure his aid in finding a poor prodigal, whom they believed to be in the vicinity of the Bay. It was arranged that James, the son, should accom- pany Mr. Clark, and search for his poor, drunken brother, and, if possible, bring him back to his parents, that they might teach him the way of the Lord. When the schooner arrived at Mackinaw, it was detained two days by contrary winds, and in the hurry and confusion of embarking early in the * M I i iri 10m ii I i« 120 LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. morning, he forgot his young Indian and left him sleeping. An hour passed, and ho remembered his fault, and tried to charter the yawl to go back after the youth, as the wind had died away, and they were at a stand; but the captain declined. But James was soon seen to approach in a little skiff, with several Indian lads whom he had rallied to row him to the vessel. After rowing five miles they came alongside, and were taken on board. James found his drunken brother, and, after spend- ing some time, persuaded him to go back to his parents. When on the point of embarking in a canoe, James called on Mr. Clark to report his success, but added, " Neen-kah-go-coo-coosh-kiga, pah-qua-zhe-gun," {i. e., he had no pork, no bread, nothing to eat.) Mr. Clark gave him provisions for ten days, and he bore it off, saying, " Me quash, me quash," (thank you, thank you.) Tliey spread their blanket for a sail, and were soon out of sight. So Christianity inspires Indians, as well as others, to care for the bodies and souls of their relatives. Mr. Clark reached Green Bay on the 8th of May, and preached at Fort Howard in the evening. On Tuesday the 10th, he visited the Indian mission at Duck Creek, the Indians having sold their pos- sessions on Fox River, the place where vhe mission was first established. He attended a prayer-meeting in the evening, and found it a refreshing season. DUOE OBBEK MISSION. 12t The evidences of thrift which he saw on every hand were very cheering. Ton or twelve families had built comfortable log-houses, and, in all, had cut about forty-five acres of timber, piled the logs, and put most of it in readiness for the seed. They had split, and put in good fence, about sQven thousand oak-rails, and all without one drop of whisky. The native missionary, Daniel Adams, was comfortably settled in his snug log-house, and was faithful and active in his work. Mr. Crawford, a native teacher anu local preacher, was diligent and useful. Mr. Clark had an eye to everything which bore upon the temporal and spiritual interests of that interesting people. He preached, prayed, and planned; "taught them publicly, and from house to house ;" and before leaving he administered bap- tism and the Lord's Supper. He speaks of this season as one of peculiar interest. He could say to them, in the words of St. Paul, "For now we live, if ye stand fast in the Lord." i '^^ ? i 122 LIPB OP REV. JOHN CLARK. CHAPTER X. t INDIAN MISSIONS— CONTINUED. Kc-wa-we-non— Mr. HoUiday— John Sunday— Small Beginning— Suc- cess— M'Qco and Frazicr— Conversion of an old Sinner— Indian Privation and Perseverance— Affection of Indian Converts to Spiritual Teachers— Mrs. Clark's Letter— Mr. Clark in poor Health— Grand Traverse Bay— Failure of the Mission, and the Cause- Traders favor- able to Schools and Missions — Bomauism always ovil. Ke-wa-we-non is the name of a large bay on tlio south side of Lake Superior. It is about two hund- red and fifty miles from Sault Ste. Marie, and is called, on the latest maps, Ke-we-naw. At this place was a band of Indians, of about two hundred and fifty in number, degraded, drunken, and quar- relsome. When Mr. John Ilolliday, the trader at that post, returned in 1832, he took no whisky with him; but he took that which was far better, namely. Rev. John Sunday, the Chippewa mis- sionary, whose address at a missionary meeting has been given in a former chapter. On their arrival, Mr. Ilolliday called the In- dians together, and told them that he had brought no whisky, and introduced Mr. Sunday as one who could teach them the true religion. They were very angry, and refused to hear the new teacher, ^IB**' OPPOSITION OVERCOME. 128 saying his coming was in vain, for they wore de- termined to hold fast the religion of their fathers. Tliis was not a very promising beginning ; but Sun- day had prayed over the matter before consenting to go with Mr. IloUiday, and, fnlly believing that he was in the way of duty, determined to remain. He told the old chief, who was very obstinate, that although he might be opposed to the religion of Christ, yet ho should stay and speak to all whoso hearts the Great Spirit might dispose to hear him. Tlie next morning two little girls came and stood before Mr. Ilolliday's door, and Sunda^f in- quired what they wanted. Tliey said, "Our father sent us hero to be instructed." He called them in, and gave them their first lesson. On seeing this, Mr. HoUiday immediately prepared a place for meetings and a school, and Sunday opened his school with the two girls. Tliese invited othei"s, and soon he had fifteen in attendance. Tliese quickly learned the alphabet, and most of them the Lord's Prayer, the Apostle's Creed, and the Decalogue in Chippewa. In a short time two adult Indians ventured out to hear the word ; and in two weeks one of their great hunters, a medicine man, a conjurer, renounced his paganism, gave up his con- juring apparatus, and embraced the Lord Jesus Christ as his Saviour. From that time opposition abated, and the work spread. In the course of the i!k. tn IP 124 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLAHK. ^y winter nine gave evidence of a change of lieart, and as many more wore " pricked in the heart ;" and a Btill larger number theoretically abandoned pagan- ism. For several days before Sunday left, his little church, as he called it, was thronged by the Indians from morning till night, expressing their sorrow at his leaving, and anxiously inquiring if any one else would come and teach their children, and speak to them the words which ho had spoken. Sunday was succeeded by Thomas M'Gee and Thomas Frazer; the latter passed the winter of 183i at that mission. Tliey both left in the preceding autumn ; and on the return of Frazer he found that evil influences had been brought to bear upon the little band. But he applied himself to the work with new energy, and soon had the pleasure of seeing a better state of things. One interesting case he re- lated to Mr. Clarke : ' ' - " One morning I visited the camp of a very old squaw, who, by reason of age and infirmity, could not walk. On reaching the place, I felt an uncom- mon sensation through soul and body ; and as soon as I began to speak she felt the same. She had been a great juggler among the Indians ; and as all such liave great influence, she had not failed to exert it to oppose * the way of the Lord.' But when I spoke to iier about her soul, she felt, as she afterward ex- pressed it, as Mf some one had taken hold of her II ,ti' a*i LABORS OF FRAZER. 125 heart, and turned it right about.' She brought forth her niush-ko-moot, (modicino sack,) and cast it away, saying she would try to give her heart to the Great Spirit. She did so in good earnest, and is now a devout worshiper of the true God. She often says in class, * Could I walk about, I would go and tell all my friends what I have found, and exliort them to go and hear the good words.' " From January to the opening of spring, Frazer was engaged in holding meetings from camp to camp, some of which wore ten miles apart, in a roadless forest, with deep snow. But, mounting his snow- shoes, he passed on, cheerfully doing his Master's will. During one of his long excursions, his only food for a week was maple sugar and the flesh of por- cupines, which he took with his gun. One young Indian convert was so zealous in the good cause, that he traveled fron. camp to camp for four days, telling what the Lord had done for him, and tasting no morsel of food during the whole time. In July, 1834, there were between twenty-five and thirty, who gave good evidence of a saving change. On Mr. Clark's visit to them about that time, he baptized fifteen, and broke bread to about forty. When Mr. Frazer left his home, at Grape Island, Canada, those fifteen, with some others, went with him in their canoes to Sault Ste. Marie, a ',1 1 I I 126 LIFE OF REV. JOHN OLARK. distnnco of two Inmdrod and fifty miles ; bo attached wore they to the man who had led them to Christ. How strong is the affection of young converts to their spiritual fathers! They followed St. Paul to the sea-shore, and said their adieus with reluctance. And these newly-gathered lambs of the flock clung to their shepherds, Sunday and Frazer, with equal affection. Truly, those native preachers are the true successors of the apostles ; and these native converts are within the " covenanted mercies of God." The following letter from Mi's. Clark is inserted, in order that the reader may obtain a kind of domes- tic view, and be convinced that timid, feeble women can bear much for God and souls, and yet be cheer- ful and happy ; "Sattlt Stb. Marib, June 80, 1884. My Dear Sister : Your very kind letter and trunk of goods did not arrive until May 8d. A constant press of business has prevented an answer until the present. But will you, my dear sister, accept our earnest and most sincere thanks for tho benevolent acts and kind attentions yon have paid us in this distant land? and may all wrho are thus engaged with you share largely in the blessings of our most merciful Father. Surely it is more blessed to give than to receive; and the blessed Saviour hath said, " Whosoever shall give a cup of cold water in the name of a disciple, shall not lose his reward." It is a heart-cheering thought to us, in all our toils and privations, that we are remembered by dear Christian friends, and even by some whose faces we have never beheld. I cannot express the grateful emotions of my heart while 10 LETTER FKOM MIlS. CLARK. J« handling ovor tho goods you sent us, and those of a box from NoW'Tork, which arrived at tho same time. I could not repress tho silent tear ; and I thouglit, if Divine Providence hns not given inc property to bestow upon these poor outcasts, the little strength and time allotted me shall cheerfully bo devoted to their service. Wo hopo none of our dear friends will fool neglected that wo do not write more of the particulars of our situation. As to our sufferings, we tliink them " not worthy to be compared with Clio glory which shall bo revealed in us," if fait' ul to the grace given. As respects our school, we should be happy if wo could make more favorable reports; but we assure our friends that all has been done that was practicable under the circumstances. We have found by experieuco that it takes time, as well as patiencOf to introduce ourselves into the jciety of these wild sons of the forest. We are striving to lay a good foundation for f\iture usefulness. The Indian mind is most certainly capable of improvement; and wo anticipate tho day is not far distant when we shall see, to our joy, some fruit of our feeble efforts to pro- mote the pure Gospel, which is "the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth :" to the poor Indian as well as the white man. Our habitation is yet the same as when we first came here, nearly two miles from Little Rapids, the place of our intended destination. Not being able to obtain all the help necessary to fit up our liome, we are detained here. The Indians are also obliged to wander from place to place for want of homes. But, not- withstanding the many difficulties which we have had to en- counter, we have much reason to rejoice and be glad. A great change is visible in many of these poor heathens. Some who have been in darkness, are now enlightened by the Holy Spirit, Some, who were the most debased and abandoned, give evidence tliat they have become the followers of the meek and lowly Jesus. I* I <■ I, 1S6 THE LIFE OF REV. JOHN OLARK. 'i!:ll Wo liopo, by tho blowing of Qo<1, to bo la onr own Iioiiho by the iirrit of Septcmbor, and oxpoct by that tlmo to havo thirteen dwolliugs and a school-hoiuo roady fur tho Indians. Thon wo oxpoct to havo a pci-raanont sohool, and to soe im- ])ruvoinont(i in thoir habits of industry and economy Bliuuld thoro bo any brethren or sistora witli ability, oourago, and furtitudo, to endure cunstant toil, thoro will be opeuingH fur them in tlio interior, as tho work is advancing and now calls aro made for missionaries. '^Tho harvest truly is groat," and wo hope dovoted laborers will not bo few. May the holy Spirit gaido ns, that in all things we may ploAso him who, I trust, has oalled ns to this distant and diifi« cult field of labor. Thus prays your affectionato Sister, Sabah M. Olabx. On the third of September Mr. Clark wrote to the Board that his health was quite poor, that he held the pen with a trembling hand. His prin- cipal difficulty was an affection of the lungs, at- tended with some fever, and a dry cough. The result of medicating and a strict diet was extreme weakness. But he regarded himself as convales- cent, and expressed a strong hope of being able to resume his pleasing toil before long. This hope was realized, and we find him laboring with his usual diligence. He reports the stat<> of the mission at the Sault as prosperous, the meetings being well attended. And as the summer had brought many visiting Indians from afar, they, too, had heard the words MISSION AT OUAND TUAVKUSU BAY. 129 of life, and carried tlio report to their far-ufl' homes. In the preceding August, John Taunchy mul John Guh-beach were sent, with another native, to Grand Traverse Bay, to preacli to the Indians and teach their children. This bay is situated about sixty miles south of Mackinaw, on the east shore of Lake Michigan. Mr. Clark considered this as one of the most promising localities for a mission in all that region. The soil was productive, tho climate mild, and tho waters abounded with iish. It was, therefore, a good place for the Indians, and tho missionaries could be easily supported. As it was desirable to learn the exact state of tho mission before winter, ho wrote to the young men to meet him at Mackinaw, which they did on the thirteenth of Ociober. From this interview he learned that the Indians numbered about two hundred and fifty, residing in five villages, three on the north and two on tho south side of the bay. To visit them all would make a pleasant trip by water of about forty miles. When the laborers arrived in August, they found the chief and people more or less under the influ- ence of whisky; but, on becoming sober, they re- ceived them with much cordiality. So they began their work of preaching the Gospel, and teaching the children. Between August twentieth and Oc- 9 >0. ■fill III 180 LIFE OF KEY. JOHN OLAKK. lUi "it |J|! ■;''! . 1 tobor twolftli, Hovoral of tho children had loamod to road and spoil words of four lottors, thus evincing tho capacity and aptitude of those young pagans. Many of tho young men also desired to be taught, and all woro willing and anxious to have schools in the several villages. TIio positions were pleasant and favorable, being sixty miles from any wluto settlement. It afforded Mr. Clark great pleasure to learn from Messrs. Biddle and Drew, merchants at Mack- inaw, who had a trading-houlso among the Indians in question, that they woro much in favor of the enterprise, and were disposed to contribute to its support. And ho remarks, "I am happy to say that a respectable number of the Indian traders do already heartily cooperate in efforts to improve tlio moral state of the Indians in the Northwest. W'httt a happy day will that be for tho aborigines of our country, when all intercourse with them shall tend to purify and exalt thoir character, rather than corrupt and debase it! Then may we hope to hear pious halleluiahs ai/iong all the Indian tribes on both sides of the llocky Mountains. O, blessed Immanuel, hasten on that day 1" But the bright prospects with regard to this mission were soon clouded. On the arrival of Mr. Clark at Mackinaw in the following May, he found the young men from the Grand Traverao awaiting OliOUnKP l»UORI»ECT8. hin Arrival, nnd lonniod tito nnd rcvorHO ^liicli thoy had mot with. In tho full tho Indiaim went to thoir huntinfj^-groundfl, and tho tcacherH ropairod to the trading-honso of liiddlo and Drew, whoro ar- rangoinontH had boon inado for thoir accommoda- tion. Horo thoy found some IndianH wlio had not gono to tho Imnt, and thoy roOponod thuir school will I good prospects. Hut whoTi tho huntors rotumod early in January, while tho prospects wore good, both in tho meet- ings and school, and some wero on tho point of renouncing paganism and embracing Christianity, there arrived several Ottawa Indians, fur-traders, belonging to tho Komish Church, who mado tho minds of the Indians "ovil affected toward tho brethren." Thoy told them that Iheso men wero of doubtful character, that no one knew whence thoy came, and that they wero supported by In- dian women of bad character at Mackinaw, with many other stories equally false and wicked. Tin's had tho intended effect; it closed tho ears of tho Indians to all instruction, and the children wero withdrawn from the school. It was in vain that Mr. Drew visited them at his trading-house, and urged them to continue the school and mission, assuring them of the utter groundlessness of tho reports against the teachers. Well might the mis- sionary say, "I confidently believe that all other i •h li ( ■'^i m U ?iitii li % '3 I ' It :i 182 LIFE OF REV. JOHN OLAKK. influences combined are less formidable, in oppos- ing the moral improvement of the Indians, than that of the Roman Catholics." How true to its instincts is that Church everywhere 1 Its cherished hostility to truth and goodness is infused into all its people, whether they be red or white. Rum and Romanisni join hands to debase and impoverish the masses, both among the civilized and the savage. ^ #: % ■~1 DOMESTIC AFFLICTIONS. 133 CHAPTER XL INDIAN MISSIONS— CONTINUED. Affliction — Sickness of their littlo Helen — Dinry — Her Death and Burial — Brothers Chandler and Bourne arrive — Their Fields of Labor — Miss Baylies returns Home — Mr. Clark injures his Health by excessive Toil — Romish Interference — Mr. Clark decides to remove to Green Bay — His Eeasons — Statistics at the Sault — A Question and an Answer — Strong Hopes. In their far-off home, away from kindred and friends, the hand of affliction was laid upon our missionary and his family. Their little daughter, Helen Amelia, was smitten with disease, of which I find the follow- ing notices in Mr. Clark's Journal. These are insert- ed, in order that a view may be obtained of the man in his domestic relations. We have seen him in his toils, privationG, and perils, have traced him in his journeys, and absences from his family; but here arc seen his tender regard for his family, and his heart of parental affection. " S&pterrther 17, 1834. — Our little Helen Amelia is somewhat indisposed. Some fover, with symptoms of worms : is not as playful as usual. " Thursday^ 18. — ^Last night Helen was quite rest- less, with symptoms of mental derangement Is less playful to-day than yesterday. 'i M I ill m ii 134 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. ^^Fiiday, 19. — Daughter still more unwell. Friends frcTJi the Fort called to see us in our new home, and as the physician of the garrison was in the company, I had him examine the child. He said she was a very sick child, and if the medicine given did not relieve her, he feared we should have trouble with her head. ^'■Saturday, 20. — ^During the whole of last night our child was restless and wild, with high fever. At dawn of day I sent for the doctor. He pronounced her disease caaker rash., with bymptoms of dropsy in the head ; and advised her removal to, or near the Fort, where he could give her his constant attention. This we did forthwith, and took rooms in the quarters of Captain Johnson, new abse^^i; on furlough. Here we shall remain until our child is better ; or, if it please our heavenly Father, until her aching head is eased in death : the latter we seriously fear. ^''SfundoAf^ 21. — Symptoms about as yesterday: rested a little. ^^ Monday^ 22. — Our friends in the garrison came to our assistance, like angels of mercy. Physician all attention : child no better. " Tuesday, 23. — ^Last night was one of great distres, to our dear child until near morning. To-day she is more easy ; takes notice of a^l, and calls for food. Symptoms worse again at night. " Wednesday, 24. — Child is fast sinkmg. Her ap- DEATH OF HIS DAUGHTER. 136 parent sufferings are most painfu^ to the heart of a parent. Her cries and moans arc piercing. ^^ Thursday, 25. — ^Every effort of physician and friends appears in vain to relieve our suffering Helen. Our constant prayer is for supporting grace for what awaits us ; and that the will of God be done and we be resigned. Mrs. Clark especially prays, that if it please God to take our child, her sufferings may not be prolonged another hour ! ^^Ftiday, 26. — ^Nature sinks in spite of all our efforts; she cries and moans constantly. O, how painful I But Jesus suffered more, infinitely more, to purchase our peace, and that little children might be saved. At 3 o'clock a marked change takes place in our little sufferer. At 6 o'clock she is quiet: all signs of conscious suffering are past : she fell aileep in death at 8 P. M. At this moment we fall upon our knees, and try to raise our afflicted hearts to God for support, and for a sanctified i. e of this painful ^*Tovidence I * Satv/rday, 27. — At 3 o'clock P. M., our departed child is decently buried in the graveyard belonging to the garrison. Prayer by Rev. Mr. Coe, and some remark, by Rev. Mr. Bingham. ^^ Monday, 29. — ^We return to our lonely habitation. Everything about the house seems to say, * One is gone.' Even little John Emory says, ' Where is Sister Helen?' We reply, *She has gone to heaven, where 'iS**: I I i ! I 1 1 i^i ll (I :.i i 'i i: i :,? 3 '' ill ll, , !;i 186 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. Sister Maiy is.' Young as she was, she had learned to read quite well in her Testament, and on her fourth birthday her father gave her a beautiful one, telling her if she would read it through in a year, he would give her a fine Bible. This she commenced to do, but she never saw, on earth, the next anniversary of her birth. As children are imitative creatures, so little Helen wou ' ""■ the part of a missionary teach- er, and gather aroui ner the little red children, and teach them to read. Thus she became a special favorite with them, and they wept over her little grave when she was laid there to rest." The reader has been earned forward of the time as it respects certain incidents, and it will be nee ossary to go back a little in order to resume the connected narrative. On the 22d of August the heart of the missionary was cheered by the arrival of two very efiicient help- ers. Brothers D. M. Chandler and Milton Bourne, both from within the bounds of the Troy Conference, offered themselves willingly on the altar of missions, and left their homes and friends to teach the poor Indians the way to heaven. It was under the direc- tion, and by the advice of Rev. Cyrus Prindle, (at that time presiding elder of the district in which these young men resided,) that they were induced to offer themselves for this work. Mr. Chandler's race was short, and he rested in the grave after some two iSpW^ ARRIVAL OF CHANDLER AND BOURNE. 187 years' so^'vice in the mission-field. Mr. Prindle com- piled an interesting memoir of that devoted young minister. Mr. Bourne is yet in the Gospel-field, a member of the Rock River Conference. Mr. Bourne was employed at Sault Ste. Marie, and Mr. Chandler was sent to Ke-wa-we-non. He took with him two native assistants, George Copway and John Taunchy, and also an interpreter. They set out upon their long voyage of two hundred and fifty miles, in a bark canoe, with provisions and other ar- ticles of necessity ; but, after being detained several days by strong head winds at White Fish Point, they got Mr. Chandler and his interpreter, with their effects, on board Mr. Holliday's boat ; and Copway and Taunchy returned to Sault Ste. Marie with the canoe. But, while the superintendent was encour- aged by the addition of those excellent young preach- ers to the mission force in that vast field, he was obliged to part with another. Miss Baylies, of the city of New- York, was obliged to return home, as her health was somewhat impaired. She had been the school teacher at the Sault. And, besides, his own health was poor, and for four Sabbaths in succession he had heen unable to officiate in public. His labors had been too severe for even his strong and athletic frame. Not being able to procure help, he had labored at house building, cutting and hewing the logs himself, in addition to all his other labors. Yet m m ' "'i ' m 188 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. ill i m '■ his Joumal evinces a spirit of resignation and trust every way worthy of a true Christian and devoted missionary. Tliere was a Romish mission just over the river, on the Canada side, the influence of wliich was very detrimental to the Indians whom he was laboring to benefit. Tlie Indians, like all other heathens, are very superstitious; and the follies and mysteries of Ro- manism are well calculated to deceive as well as amuse them. But the efforts of the priests were directed to the hinderance of Protestantism rather than to the improvement of their own people. In- deed, when did that sect ever improve its subjects ? Rome has many of the fairest and best portions of the world under its control, and for many long yeare has reigned without a rival, and poverty, ignorance, vice, and bigotry, are the constant and legitimate fruits of her supremacy. Her proselytes are twofold more the children of hell than they were in their former state, whether civilized or savage. In November, 1834, Mr. Clark concluded to change his residence from Sault Ste. Marie to Green Bay. His reasons, as given to the Board, are the follow- ing: "I am expected to take charge of the whole work in the Lidian country, and extend it as fast and as far as Providence shall open the way. This I cannot do with satisfaction to myself, nor for the best interests REMOVAL TO GREEN BAY. 189 of the work, should I continue ray location at the Sault. Tlie work at this place demands the constant presence and labor of at least one missionary and family, with a male and female assistant in the school. But in prosecuting my work, each station must be visited at least once a year ; and in opening new missions it is very desirable that the ground bo firet examined, that the most eligible locations may be chosen for the work. "Now, to perform this service will require the whole attention of one man ; and, consequently, the place where he attempts to take the whole charge must suflfer in his absence. And, besides, our journeys must be performed in open boats, or birch-bark canoes; and the most central place should be selected as the starting-point. Such is Green Bay; and for this and other reasons which I omit to men- tion, I conclude to change my residence. I do this the present fall, rather than wait till spring, as I can better spare the time now." On leaving Sault Ste. Marie, and giving the special charge to Mr. Bourne, the superintendent makes the following report : " 1. Fort Brady. — Here we have a class of twelve persons. Since this class was formed, three have removed with certificates, and one without. Three probationers have withdrawn, and five have been dropped. Four of the officers are decidedly pious, i 'V 140 LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. « U two having become so within the year. In the ' gaiTison school-house, prayer-meetings are hold four evenings in the week, and ore generally well at- tended. The temperance cause receives a liberal share of attention from the whole command. *^ 2. Missionville is the name given to our mission two miles below the fort. Here our prospects are still flattering. The thirteen houses are now com- pleted, at an expense to the Board of only $760. Each house is eighteen feet square, and all are comfortable and warm. We have a good school- house, eighteen by twenty-six feet, and a bam eight- een by thirty-six feet. ''Last Sabbath was our sacramental season, in which all appeared interested, and, I trust, profited. Our class from the fort was also present. In the afternoon a Sabbath school was opened ; and almost the whole village attended, as it is designed for all, both old and young. On Monday our school, which had been suspended for a while, was reopened, with sixteen native pupils, and others are promised by their parents. The school is conducted by Brother Bourne, from Fawlet, Yermont. He is a single man, and cooks his own food. He will be aided by Henry Snake, from Grape Island, both as intei-preter and assistant in the school. The number in society is thirty-eight, all natives." About this time Mr. Clark received from the m\ M A QUESTION ANSWERED. 141 Board a communicntion for Rov. Jason Leo, of the Oregon Mission^ which he promises to forward by the first express, and says : " I perceive from a chart, to which I have access, that the Nez Percys (pierced noses) are in the same latitude with your missions here ; and the question often arises, Where shall the two fires just now kindling, imite their flame ? Ar- dent hope and trembling faith reply, Among the Black Feet warriors on the mountain's top. So let it be I May the Lord hasten it in his time." Such were his aspirations and hopes; and ho could not understand why such results might not be realized. The field, though wide, was "white to the harvest ;" and he believed the Church was rich enough, in men and money, to meet all the wants of that vast territory. And as he was toiling with his little band, it was difficult to perceive why others should not, in large numbers, consecrate themselves to the same work until every tribe, from Sault Ste. Marie to the Pacific, should be evangelized. the 1 i; 1% I' 'rX 142 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. CHAPTER XII. A LONG JOURNF.Y. Arrlvcn at Mackinaw — No VosboI for the Bay — Loaves his Family ard twkcH another Courao — Detroit — Doarbomvlllo — Ann Arbor — Mur- Bliall — W hlto Pigeon — BeardBley's Prairie — Bertrond'i — Terra OcHpia — Michigan City — Wind and Snow— Clilcago— Proaclios on Indian MiBBlons- Mr. Bruce — Oross Point— Bollo Fontaluo — A Lunoli In tlio WoodH — Iloraos take a Biiddon Loave — Search for them — Mr. Clark alone in the Woods — Makes his Camp — Wolf-visit — Wind, Eaiu, ond Snow — Rctnrn to Clilcogo — Recover their HorHCS — Leave Chicago again — Skunk Grove — Milwaukio River — A Guide for one Day — Niglit — Loho tlieirWoy — j lo da Brusha — A Pottawuttomio and Family — Tlioir Corn stolen — Cross Rock River — A Bedroom oil out of Doors — Loko Winnebago — Green Bay. The following letter to the Corresponding Secretary, though long, will amply repay perusal. In it the reader will iind evidence of energy, perseverance, and courage rarely equaled. It is dated Dec. 19, 1834. " I wrote to you a few weeks since, saying I was at Mackinaw, on my way to Green Bay; but not finding a passage by water this season, I got my family into good quarters for the winter, and de- termined to take a different route, namely, Detroit, Chicago and thence to tlie Bay. I arrived at Detroit on the 6th instant ; and, after recruiting a little from the effects of violent sea-sickness, which I suffered in crossing Lake Huron, I purchased a JOURNEY TO OREEN BAT. 148 emig built, pony-liko horso and oqnipago, and started Ou my routo. Detroit, notwithstanding all tlio alarm and desolation it suiforod from tho cholera in 1832 and 1884, is rapidly rising, both in appearance and commercial and general business character. Each of tho four Protestant denominations has a large and commodious Church ; that of tho Methodists is now in a central position. "After riding slowly for two and a half hours, I came to Dearbomvillo, a small, pleasant place, one mile from the River Rouge. Hero a United States ai*senal is located. Continuing my course west, I next day reached Ypsilanti, and found good quarters in a pious private family. Here our people are finishing a small brick church ; tho pulpit is to bo in the front end, between the doors. So it is, fashion governs everything, sense or no sense. Continuing still west, I came to the flourishing village of Ann Arbor, the seat of justice for "Washtenaw County. It lies on the River Huron, about forty miles from Detroit, south by west, with a population of about twelve hundred. Here I spent the Sabbath, and in the evening preached on the subject of Indian Missions. The good people filled the Presbyterian Church, and gave a contribution of $16 95. The next day a Presbyterian lady gave me a large, valu- able woolen blanket for the Indians, which I lash on before me, and take through the woods." 144 LIFE OF KEV. JOHN CLAUK. :^I' •i. \ (Tlio foregoing wfts written from Ann Arbor, Imt tlie following from (ircon Bay, February 2, 1835.J " I pursuoU my way over oak openingH and burr oak plains to Marshall, tho seat of justice for Calhoun County. Hero I pafMod several days. On Sabbath morning and evening preached to good congregations in tho largo kitchen of Brother Sid- ney Ketchum, late of Clinton County, N. Y., where I used to tind a homo in days past. Tliui'sday, December 25, preached at Marshall to a school- house full on tho claims of Indian missions, and took a collection of $4 27. " On Tuesday, at dawn of day, lotlfc with com- ])any for Chicago. A ride of forty miles brought us to the village of White Pigeon, on an extensive prairie of tho same name. Wednesday, December 31, put off at six A. M., and rode twelve miles to breakfast, then fourteen miles to Beardsley's Prairie, halted a few minutes, and then pushed on to Ber- trand's, on tho St. Joseph's Eiver, a short distance from !Niles ; crossed the river on a Jlat, rode ten miles, which brought us into Indiana, and put up for the night at Terra Cespia Prairie. " Thursday, Jmtuary 1, 1836. — ^Rose early, greeted the family of our log-tavern with *A happy New Year ;' breakfasted by candle-light, and put off, over prairie and woodland, twenty-five miles to Michigan City, on the southeast shore of Lake Michigan. liUliU MUSIC. 146 One year sinco thoro woro but two or tliroo houHOfl horo, now there nro JwollingH, storoH, tavonifl, ohopB, and more than two hundred bouIh. From this pluco to Chicago, fifty-two miles, our road is mostly the frozen beuch of the lake, fourteen of which con- cluded our journey for the day. Tlio whole of this stage has been unpleasant, as our horses woro un- UHod to the music of the winds and waves com- bined, and were quite restive, for the swells often washed their feet. Our inn is situated on a small eminence, a few yards from the lake; and after worshiping with the family I retired to rest, and was soon asleep, while the hoarse luusic of the lake below exerted a soothing influence upon my weary nerves. " Friday^ Ja/tmary 2. — ^Wiud high from the south, with squalls of snow; stopped every ten miles to warm, and at night fell four miles short of Chicago. Game into the place next morning, and found a home with Rev. J. T. Mitchel, the missionary for that station. Chicago must soon become a place of much importance in trade and business. Sunday, presented the subject of Indian mis- sions, and took a collection of $20 06 for the good cause. Of this amount a good lady contributed a sovereign. May she receive of *gold tried in the fire.' ^^ Monday i January 12. — ^Mr. Bruce, of Cleve- 10 11 »'(, f/ I 146 LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK, l I ..'■'■(''i t M Is ii m- land, by extra eflfort, arrived, so afi to secure my companv to Green Bay. "We left at four P. M., and came twelve miles to Gross Point, on the west side of the lake. Our landlord is a Canadian Frenchman, and was for many years a fur-trader on the Columbia River. "We slept berore a large lire on the floor, and left at four A. M., feeling our way slowly along the path for twelve miles. By one o'clock we made thirty miles, when we halted by a spring, called by the French, Belle Fontaine. "We kindled a fire by a log, which served as a table on which to c-pread our repast. While we and om* beasts were appeasing our hunger, the horae of my friend suddenly started off on a smart trot ; mine followed, and in ten minutes both were out of sight. I seized my pocket-compass, and we started in pursuit, but soon lost their tracks in the grass, and returned to our camp. Here we were, in the open country, with no house ahead within twenty-two miles, and none in the rear short of thirty. By this time two men came up in a single wagon, one of whom I hi: jd to go back with my triend ten or twelve miles in search of our beasts, while the other should stay with me over night. At eight o'clock next morning they returned, but no horses could be found. It was now agreed that Mr. Bruce should accompany the wag'" a vo the % A NIGHT ON THE PRAIRIE. 147 first house ahead, and raise a company of Indians to scour the country, while I should stay with the ba" — Modo of Tnivol — I'ortot^uM — I'ortiijjc Collurn — A tlim^'erouH rian)(u — Frlondly C'hlof lit Lno Court Orelllo — Credulity of liidUiiiH — Mr. Clftrk parti •with tlio Tuachurii — Farowul! Pruyor In the Forest — Lonff Journey — MlrtHirtKippi Klvor — I'rulrlo du Ohion — SwUh MlKsUm — Fort Wlnno- bogo — Scrvlooi In the Fort — Ljiko 'Wlnnebujfo — (Jrocn Buy — Ilia Obncrvatlonfl — ChanKCK In that Country — Etluct on Miiitlout — Extract iVom KpUcopal Kucordor. Mr. Clark visited Sault Sto. Mario again in the spring of 1836, and fonnd the mission family in health, and the community in peace. The Indians had occupied thoir houses with gladness and comfort during the winter, and more were desired. Tlieir fields had been nmch enlarged ; and the erection of division fences gave to the whole an agricultural air which was quite cheering. Their spiritual state was good, and, out of thirty-three native members, only one had tasted a drop of whisky ; and he gave such evident signs of real humiliation that he was borne with. Mr. Bourne was about leaving on a visit to hig friends in the east, and then return and join the con- ference in which the Indian missions were located. we-non— -Vlult to -Mode of - Frii-n Jly :iark p«irti Journey — jrt Wliuio- Buy — ni« • — Extract VI8IT TO KK-WA-WE-NON. 178 Tho Huporinteiulunt uIho vUitcd Ku*wu-wu-uou a ftiW ilayt) later, and luund tho work jtronpuriiig. Two iiiemhorH of tho society luul died an ChriMtiaiiB die — ill peace, and with u joyful hope of a blisMful immortality. One had boon Hot auide, and threo new converts had been received. Tlie whole number of nionibors was thirty-two. Tho school contiiined twenty-sovon children — four in tho alphabet, eight- oon in spelling, and five in reading Icshoms. IIo contracted for a good school-house, eighteen by twenty-four foot, with four windows; to bo furnished with a stovo, writing-table, and benches; tho wholo at a cost of $131. IIo also furnished the Indians with iivo now axes and fivo grub hoes. After two years' laborious service Mr. Chandler loft on the 20th of Juno, to visit his friends in tho oast, and attend tho session of tho Troy Conference, into which body ho had been admitted on trial two years before. By a change in tho time of holding tho conference, (of which he was not advised,) ho arrived too lute to bo admitted and ordained. But when tho iUcts wore laid before Bishop Hedding, he invited Mr. Chandler to moot him at the Genesee Conference, where, on the usual recommendation, he was ordained to the office of both deacon and elder. On Mr. Chandler's departure from that mission Mr. Clark says: "We find it hard to break away from those perishing sheep in the wilderness. Yes t •i, I: 174 LIFE OF KEV. JOHN CLARK. j^'- liiiiiWiiir # '*''■ notwithstanding their ignorance and filth, their con- dition awakens sympathy in the heart of the mission- aiy. from wliich it is impossible to escape. The Lord help us to be faithful." In the absence of Mr. Chandler, that station was left in charge of William Herkimer, the native who had labored there in connection with him ; and also of Mr. Chubb, who had been the teacher at Oneida West. In July of this year, (1836,) Mr. Clark set out on a visit to Lac Court Oreille, and tarried a few davs at La Pointe, where he was kindly entertained by the Rev. Mr. Hall, at the Mission of the American Board. Tlie reader has heard of this Christian gentleman before; and Mr. Clark confirms all that was said in his favor by the native speakers who had shared his hospitality and courtesy. He says: " As it does not belong to me to report the state of the work in other denominations, I will only remark, that the providential detention of our brethren here for the winter has been, I trust, a blessing to this mission, and will send out an influence in the country v/hich will do good in days to come. By the aid of one of our young Chippewas, Mr. Hall has been ablcj to translate the entire Gospel of Luke into that language, and is anxious to be assisted to translate that of Mark also. Could not the gi-eat cause be promo*^:?''. by our cooperation in preparing the entire t ! In. I in con- ision- Lord 1 was J who i also Oneida Lt on a lays at by tho lerican iristian ill that rs who e says: tate of emark, en here to this country aid of las been nto that Tanslate ause be le entire HI3 ZEAL IN THE WOBK. 176 ^ New Testament, with elementary school-books in Chippewa? The American Board is beforehand with us in regard to white missionaries, while we arc in advance of them in regard to natives. Now, a W combination of our strength in preparing books for instruction would, as appears to me, be attended with mutual benefit." At every point, and at all times, we find the heart of our missionary intent upon the work in hand, and devising liberal things in relation to the future of Indian improvement and elevation. But his views and plans were in advance of the zeal and faith of the Church ; and he was obliged to work with half-digested plans, and with very limited means, and wait until a brighter day should dawn upon the Church, and upon the pagans of our own land. From La Pointe he pressed on to Lac Court Oreille, which required eleven days of hardship and toil. Tradition says this lake received its name from the first Indian family that came to the vicinity. It waa called the Ottawa family, and ^ this is the tme Indian name of the lake, the other being its French name. Of this journey Mr. Clark thus speaks: " Could our 3astem friends have seen us in our . trip from Lake Superior to the Mississippi, both smiles and sympathy would have been excited. In 1 r I I ;..u m '+. 3! ■ J ■«, .^■» 176 LIFE OF KEV. JOHN CLARK. MP $f the whole route we made twenty-one portages, which, you know, are carrying places, where both canoe and baggage must be carried over on our heads and shoulders. One of those portages was nine miles long, and required two days to pass it; several others were from two to three miles. In making these our canoe was earned bottom up- ward, the crossbars resting on the shoulders, and we rested every half mile. My canoe was eighteen feet long, and made a good load for two men. We passed our baggage by means of twrvp-lineSy or, as they are called, portage collars. They are wide straps of leather, about two feet long, with narrow straps at each end, which are fastened around the load to be carried. The load rests on the small of the back, and the wide strap passes across the forehead. On this bundle a second one is placed, resting against the back part of the head, to pre- vent its being drawn back by the weight of the first. While rather a raw hand at this business, i^ay jaws would crack, my neck grow stiff, and every bone, and sinew, and muscle of my head was put to the test. But so it was, and so it must be, in order to perform my journey in time to meet the Illinois Conference in October." When passing one of the sti*eams, which they call Bad Mi/oer, they became very weary in managing the canoe in the midst of rocks and .k,5-; A NARROW ESCAPE. 177 ages, both i our 3 was 189 it; i. In na lip- 's, and ghteen 1. We nes, or, re wide narrow und the le small •ross the placed, to pre- it of the Dusiness, stiff, and xny head o it must e to meet hich they weary in rocks and rapids, and Mr. Clark proposed that they rest a while. He stood upon a rock, holding the canoe by a rope, while the action of the rapid water caused it to sway to and fro with considerable violence. By a sudden and unexpected jerk he was thrown into the water, which was both rapid and deep, and which soon took him around a point, out of sight of his Indian companions who stood on the shore. They ran in great haste across the point, fearing that their good friend would be drowned and lost to them forever. But before they could reach the place, or arrive in sight, they heard his cheerful whoop, and were reassured. Ho had drifted toward the shore, and caught the droop- ing branch of a tree which hung over the water, and had drawn himself up. The young men re- ceived him, almost as one from the dead, and during that day would not suffer him to carry any burdens, or labor in navigating their craft. On his arrival at Lac Court Oreille he found the chief, Moo-zoo-jecle, (Moose Tail,) in very feeble health, lying partly on the ground, and on a dirty sack of feathers, in a small wigwam, full of dirt and smoke. He received the missionary with much cordiality; and as Copway and Taimchy had be- come known by their labors, he was prepared to give his full consent to the opening of a permanent mission and school. He told Mr. Clai*k to make 12 178 LIFE OF K£V. JOUN CLAKK. f^n^«fi* K -I 'il '' ^ i|!( ^ : I A ' 'M 'I! :; il , •i !l 'M i: H. i^ il|,f; III!'' T L 'I'll li 'I ! Ii:l! I I his own selection of a place on which to build. This he did about half way between the Indian village and the house of the trader. The village was pleasantly situated on a peninsula of high table-land, having Lac Court Oreille on the west, and a small lake on the east. Tliese lakes are connected by a channel about fifty rods wide, the one being about eight miles by two, and the other two miles in circuit. This band of Chippewas was estimated at four hundred; and all the ignorance, superstition, and jealousy which are common to pagan tribes could be predicated of them. They li^t^ed with eager- ness to the bug-bear stories of the JJfcench Eomanists and those of mixed blood who resided among them for pm-poses of trade. One of those stories was, that when the missionaries should gain their confi- dence, they would carry off their children and sell them for slaves. And some, who affected to be- lieve this, requested the chief to send away the native missionaries. But the chief, when convers- ing with Mr. Clark, said: "I told them, these men are our people, our brothers; they come to do us good; to teach our children, not to steal them; and I would give them a place to build, and not send them away." And he added: "My people will do your young men no harm." "From such a reception," says Mr. Clark, "in a land where. i i ! AFFECTING SEPARATION. 179 & Id. ian age rest, are , the other i Ibvu- I, and could eager- nanists b them 38 was, confi- ind sell to he- ay the convers- leso men ^ o do ns \ them; and not people om such where. until within a few months, the name of Jesus had not been heard from pious lips, may we not hope for success?" Having tarried long enough to make all neces- sary aiTangements for tho establishment and con- duct of a permanent mission and school, he took leave of his young men. Tlio parting was affecting, like that of a father leaving his children in their inexperience and loneliness, perhaps to meet no more. They accompanied him a little way, and he kneeled down in the woods and prayed for them and the work in which they were engaged. And while their heads were bowed in sorrow, and their faces wet with tears, he shook hands with them and said: "Brothers, take courage, do all the good you can, pray much, trust in God; tell the poor Indians how the Saviour died for them. 1 will pray for you. Good-by, and may the Lord bless you and your labora." They watched and wept until the course of the river took him out of their sight, and then retm*ned to their scene of labor among their pagan brothel's. He descended the Chippewa Kiver and its tribu- taries to the Mississippi, about one hundred miles below the Falls of St. Anthony, and two hundred ^ibove Prairie du Chien. In descending the Red Cedar branch of the Chippewa he passed a deserted can.p, where, about ten days before, one of their 180 LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. '!l! Im w \0 r I'j i 'fi . ^r women liad been killed and scalped by a party of Sioux. Those warlike tribes were hostile to each other, often spilling each other's blood along their territorial line. But both tribes were friendly to the whites, and he passed days and nights in their country without molestation or fear, though utterly defenseless. Descending the Mississippi River about sixty miles, he visited the mission station of Messrs. Gavin and Denton, from Switzerland. Mrs. Denton he found to bo an American lady, contented and happy, although one hundred and twenty miles from any white female companion. A day and a half more brought him to Prairie du Chien, where he passed a pleasant Sabbath with Rev. Alfred Branson, who had recently arrived to aid in spreading the Gospel in the West. From this place he passed up the Wisconsin River to Fort Winnebago, where he spent a Sabbath, and was hospitably entertained in the family of Doctor M'Dougal, assistant-surgeon of the post. He preach- ed twice to the officers and soldiers in the fort. On taking his leave, the officera and their good wives showed him no little kindness, and bestowed upon him many benefits, for which he was very grate- fu' He pursued his weary way to Lake Winnebago, per- haps two hundred miles, and rested there a while with PROGRESS OF CIVILIZATION. 181 y of each their ly to their tterly sixty lessrs. )enton id and miles ly and Chien, , Bev. to aid a Biver ath, and Doctor preach- brt. On od wives zed upon ry grate- bago,per- vhile with the mission family of the American Board. From this place his route was down tlie Fox River to Green Bay, a distance of one hundred and fifty milos by water. On completing this route ho offers the fol- lowing remarks : " 1. In all my journey of eleven weeks, a distance of two thousand miles, my strength, courage, and patience have been equal to my day. To God be all the praise ! " 2. The morv^ I travel in the Indian country, the more does my heart long for their salvation." Such were some of the journeys and perils of this successor of the apostles I Truly he was " in labors abundant," and often in perils by land and by water, in poi'ils by robbera and wild beasts, by frosts and snows ; yet all was endured with cheerfulness and fortitude seldom equaled, and never surpassed. m The changes which have occurred in all the re- gions over which Mr. Clark traveled, have materially affected the Indian missions. In many instances they have removed far from thair fMmier locations, and the march of civilization and improvement has changed their hunting-grounds into fruitful fields, and their villages have given place to the busy marts and crowded cities of the white man. But some of the missions established by Mr. Clark are yet in exist- ence and in prosperity. A correspondent of the 182 LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. ! H iMf' > II Ep'iHcapal Rccm'dcr^ writing from Lake Superior in 1855, makes the following reference to one of them : " Our next stopping-place was at the Methodist mission on the south shore, and decidedly the most successful one that we had visited. A thousand acres of land had been purchased by the mission, including three miles of coast, and live acres are given to each Indian family to cultivate. There are about one hun- dred Indians, and forty children in the schools. Many of the Indians have good, substantial log-houses and well-cultivated gardens: the women and children are well-dressed, having abandoned the Indian costume, and they speak the English language with pro- priety. " My visit to this mission was one of sincere grati- fication, and quickened my hopes in behalf of the race. Here is a little community isolated, the mis- sionaries having complete control of their grounds. The government has also made a reservation just back of their line of coast, and given to each Indian forty acres additional. The Rev. Mr. Shaw and Rev. Mr. Price, missionaries, were absent at their confer- ence. I, however, visited the mission-house and schools, and many of the Indian families ; and, from what I could gather, they appear to be well instructed in the leading truths of the Gospel. The wood on the wharf for the use of steamera had been cut by the , I 'ill ENOOURAOINO RESULTS. 188 Indians, and most of the male Indians woro absont making hay. Here is a community of red men, sober, orderly, moral, religious, and industrious, showing what the grace of God can do with savages^ if faith and patience once inspire their teachers." I 184 LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. CHAPTER XVI. LEAVING THE INDIAN MISSIONS. «~ Chlcogo District— IIl» Patorniil Fc(«lln)?« townnl tlio MUHloni — VIhUs tho Ka»t with three Native (nirlntliinH — KlVectH of the VIhU — Attuch- nieiit of tho NutlvcK to Mr. Clark — Inclclcnt — Extract— Tlio Nniiie j^lvuii hlin, Waub-ko-nowli- Extent of hix Dmtrlet — Indian MirtHlonn hu'liulcd— Vlrtlt to Green IJuy— HleoiwonSnow— HIh Labors— Catnp- Moctln((8 — (^>tlra(;oan(1 Endurance — On tlio troubled Lnko — Tho hoU- tnry Sentinel- Extract of o Letter too Bachelor rrcftchor— To a needy one on Teacldug School. On tho lOtli of November, 1830, Mr. Clark wrote to tlie Board that ho had Iieard of the death of the old chief at Lac Court Oreille ; and he expresses some anxiety lest this ovent should operate unfavorably upon tho mission. Ho hau also learned that the young men who were laboring there were in health. In the division of labor in the Illinois Conference that mission was included in the Galena District, under the care of Rev. A. Brunson, and I am not able to trace its history ; and it is not necessary in this connection, as it is not any further related to the life or labors of Mr. Clark. The intelligence from Sault Ste. Marie and Ke-wa- we-non was cheering. At the former place the head chief was increasingly friendly to the mission. Hav- ing witnessed the holy lives of those engaged in the LKAVES THK MISSIONS. 185 • VUltft • ittui'li- Nanwt .("ftinp- 'ho HoU- n noeily 'ote to he old \ some orably lat the ealth. ference )i9trict, am not jsary in ated to Ke-wa- ;lie head I. Hav- )d in the mission, and the decided change wroujifht upon liis own people who had become GhriHtians, his hostility abated, and Iiis convictions of the Divinity of our religion increased. Some who had been careless?) were beginning in good earnest to pray. In the organization of the Michigan Conference it was made to include the whole of that state, and of course Sault Ste. Mario and Ke-wa-we-nou wcro em- braced, and Mr. Clark's charge and connection with those places ceased. Mr. Chandler was put in {Huirgo of botli missions. On taking leave of the missions in the region of Lake Superior, ho felt almost a paternal solicitude for their continued prosperity. They had shared in his labora and pious regard for four suc- cessive years. He had originated, supplied, and counseled them ; had visited, worshiped with them ; baptized the converts, and bowed with them at tlio table of the Lord, and it is not marvelous that he should be deeply aifected when called to part with them. And they wore as strongly attached to him, and when, in the following spring, he visited the East, three Chippewas of piety and talent accomjianied him. Tlieir names were Henry P. Chase, John Cah- beach, and John Taunchy. They held meetings and delivered addresses at Geneva, Seneca Falls, Auburn, Amsterdani, and Northampton. At the latter place they rested eve al days with Mre. Clark's relatives. After this they visited Troy, Albany, and many other i m II i 11! IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) 1.0 I I.I 11.25 ltt|2|i 115 m U2 i2.2 ■ 2.0 ■ i. ^ <% P> 7: V '/ fliotograiAic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIli STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. K^VO (716)872-4503 ^ \ :\ \ ^6 * ^ A ^.^ 4^ ^ 186 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. I' :i:!l I K : : i places in the vicinity, and then went to New- York to attend the Anniversary of the Missionary Society. Leaving New- York, they went to Philadelphia, Balti- more, and other places, and returned to their peculiar work in May. In all places which they visited the effect was happy, and the zeal of the Church was materially increased in behalf of missions. The people were permitted to see and hear for themselves what the Lord had done for the poor Indians; and this demonstration could not fail to work out its practical results. The affection of those Indians for Mr. Clark was peculiarly strong, and exhibited itself in vaiious and expressive forms. An instance will illustrate. During the excursion above named, it was found convenient, on one occasion, for him to pass a night at some distance from their place of entertainment. They rose early in the morning, and hastened away, perhaps a mile, to his lodgings, to see if he was alive and well. Having ascertained this, and sainted him warmly, they were content to return to their break- fast at their own lodgings. One of them, (Henry P. Chase,) in a letter to the compiler, says : " If I had • the means, I should almost be induced to take a trip to Troy to see you, on the subject of the biography, as I might give you some information that I do not now think of. I am so warmly attached to Brother Clark for his kind treatment of me, and I owe him so I; t ! .....m APPOINTED TO CHIOAOO DISTRICT. 187 York to Society, ia, Balti- pecuUar Bfect was aaterially )ple were yfhdX the and this 3 practical Hr. Clark in various lustrate. ■was found ass a night ertainment. aned away, le was alive sainted him their break- i, (Henry P. « If I had take a trip biography, ;hat I do not d to Brother 1 owe him so much for giving me a knowledge of the first prin- ciples of Christianity, that I should like to throw light upon different points which you may wish to know." Thid man had been Mr. Clark's interpreter for two years, and in company with him had visited several missions. He had seen him in various positions, and proved his worth under various circumstances. The Indians, by common consent, conferred on him the honorable name of Waub-ke-newh, (The White Eagle.) At the session of the Illinois Conference, in October, 1836, Mr. Clark was appointed presiding elder of Chicago District, and the missions within its bounds, among which were Green Bay and Oneida West. His district extended south of Chi- cago one hundred miles, and north two hundred and fifty miles, while its breadth was from forty to eighty miles. In February, 1837, having visited those mis- sions, he wrote as follows : " Two year« ago I first visited Chicago, and passed xound to Green Bay, via Milwaukie and Lake Win- nebago, lodging several nights in the open air. On my recent tour I found accommodations far other- wise. Two years ago, not an American family resided between Chicago and Milwaukie; now the country is thickly settled by farmers, mechanics, merchants, &c., while the moral aspect of the jm 188 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. I' ■ i 'I I i • i.i ■ country is really encouraging. From Milwaukie to Green Bay, by the lake road, I found a place of rest, with food for man and beast, three nights." He tarried at the Bay ten days, and was much pleased with the condition and prospects of the mission. Returning, he took the route through the settlement of the Stockbridge and Brothertown Indians, where he tarried one night with the Presby- terian brethren ; and then left; for Milwaukie, which he reached on the third day, having slept two nights on the snow, with his buffalo robe wrapped around him. Of his labors on that district there is no special account, and we can only judge of his competence from our previous acquaintance with him. In gen- eral it is reported that he was regarded as a model presiding elder, both in the pulpit and in the moderator's chair. At camp-meetings, in that new country, he Vas considered one of the best presiding and managing officere they had ever seen. His district required long journeys, both fatiguing and lonely ; and often those journeys demanded a large share of courage as well as physical endurance. To camp on the snow during a cold winter's night, and alone in the depths of the forest, is not to be done with composure by one destitute of courage ; nor to be endured by one who is not blessed with a strong constitution. And his voyages upon the lakes and .M^Mt:- HIS COURAGE AND SELF-POSSESSION. 189 ftukie to ) of rest, as mticli B of the ough the )thertown ,e Presby- cie, which ;wo nights ed around no special sompetence I. In gen- as a model ,nd in the n that new jt presiding seen. His iguing and ded a large urance. To s night, and t to be done rage ; nor to vith a strong le lakes and rivera, in the frail bark canoe, were otlfcen calculated to try the grace of courage. Rev. Milton Bourne, who was for some time with Mr. Clark in the mission work, speaks of being with him in the frail boat when the storm was raging in its fury, and when few of the sons of the wave would retain their courage and self-command ; and yet he was always as calm as if he was sitting in safety on the shore. Ho would give directions with all coolness and delibera- tion, while for hours in succession he would ply the oars with all the energy of an experienced voyageur. iTideed, he was at comparative ease, whether in storm or calm ; in the splendid city church, or the kitchen of the pioneer, or the wigwam of the Indian, as the place of worship. In the society of the rich and poor, the refined or rude, he could make himself equally at home. He held a camp-meeting near Geneva in 183T, which is supposed to have been the first ever held in Northern Illinois. He is represented as presiding with great natural dignity and propriety, and con- tributing largely to the order and success of the meeting by his able preaching, warm exhortations, and wise arrangements. One night, when there were some indications of rowdyism, he induced all who belonged to the meeting to retire to rest ; each doubt- less supposing that some others had been selected to keep guard ; and then, arraying himself for the pur- ■^ |lM II 190 LIFE OF B£V. JOHN CLARK. «i;i ^ ' 11 l*ii ! ? .t ' pose, he acted as sentinel during the whole night. If there was work to be done, or difficulty to be met, he was at hand, and ready for either. A certain quarterly meeting was held in a log- house, where he preached with much power to the congregation, held a prayer-meeting in the even- ing, and then straw beds were laid upon the floor, from side to side of the room, and the guests laid them down to sleep, just as contented and happy as if reposing on beds of down, surrounded with damask curtains, and the presiding elder not the least con- tented and happy of the company. He held camp- meetings at Geneva, Popple Creek, Indian Creek, and other places in Northern Illinois ; all of which proved profitable. At each of these meetings he proved himself eminently qualified, both for govern- ment and to inspire energy and earnestness into the hearts of the preachers and people. After serving three years in this laborious field, with great acceptability and success, he was ap- pointed to Mount Morris District, where he remained but one year. Here he was the same faithful and laborious minister as before ; and although no par- ticulars have come to hand, yet we have the best assurance of his usefulness, in the fact that, for several years before his last removal to Illinois, the preachers in the Bock Biver Conference were importunate in their request for his transfer thither. ADVICE TO A BACHELOR PREACHER. 191 It. If aet, he a log- to the e even- le floor, BBts laid lappy as I damask east cou- ld camp- .n Creek, of which etings he )r govem- is into the •ious field, ) was ap- ) remained ithful and fh no par- e the hest for several preachers ortnnate in While in charge of one of the above-named districts, one of his bachelor preachers, having a mind for matrimony, doubtless fully convinced that " it is not good for man to be alone," wrote him on the subject. He received the following in reply : '' As to the subject of matrimony, I will state a few facts. First: I think when young men remain single, they have better opportunities for study and visiting the people, than those have who are mar- ried. Secondly: We have but few piiArsonages in this country, therefore it is more embarrassing to I'ave a family than otherwise ; also more expensive in mov- ing, &c. Third: At present our support is very limited, and unless a man have some little private means, he will be liable to be embarrassed and pinched on this score. "Now, brother, with these facts before you, do just what you honestly believe will be most for the glory of God and the promotion of the greatest good, including your own happiness, and you have my consent .and approval. But, a friendly whisper: Don't let Ctipid put your eyes out with one of his darts, for then passion, and not reason, will guide I" On another occasion, a preacher, perhaps in want and comparative destitution, desired his advice in relation to teaching school for a season, in con- nection witli his work as a minister, and Mr. Clark gave him the following reply : ^-,1 wim I jjujjg if '1. ,'' 192 LIFE UF BEV. JOHN OLABK. **Ab a genoral thing, I am of tho opinion that if a man devotes himself to his proper work as a minister, he will find little time to spare for any secular pursuit But, in the present case, I hardly know what to write. How will the people of your ch'irge view the matter? If you teach school, can you visit and preach as may be necessary for tho raising up of a ^ plant of righteousness' that will take deep root and flourish? And, finally, can you prosecute your studies as may be necessary if you teach? Satisfy your own mind on these subjects, and then, if you think it best to teach one quar- ter, do so.*' Here are the right views, kindly and plainly expressed; and yet, as the case was rather press- ing, he virtually acquiesces in the proposed plan for relieving the present distress. But our people should never bring their ministers into such straits, nor lay upon them such burdens. It it! ■ ,1 .; {■ h \ 1 1 i' l" !|i ■ '1 ' 1 !rj III : 'h '1' Lf II i HB V0LUNTEKK8 FOB TEXAS. 198 L that : as a r any hardly >f your ol, can for tho lat will can yon J if yon subjects, ne qnar- 1 plainly ler press- )Bed plaa or people .ch straits, CHAPTER XVn. THE OVERLAND TRIP. Volanteen for TezM— Motivei— Oatflt for the Journey— Rev. J. W. Whipple — Diary— Princeton — Northampton — Peoria— Ellen Grove— Irish. Orove— Springfield— Carlinville—Paddook*s Grove- St. Louia — Famiington— Frederiotown— A Two-daya' Meeting — Greenville —Camp Cyprus— Camp Sycamore — A little Minhap- Strawberry Camp— Lanoh Creek— Camp Neceaaity— Bates ville—Morala of the Place— Arkansas Conference- Beligioas Services- Temperance — Rally Doe — Bayon de Salle — A Tempest— A Break-down— John Wilson — A Cold Meeting — Pine Knot Camp — Cypnia Kneea — Camp Felicity — Rain — Camp Holly — Camp Solitude — A Chapel— A Singular Weapon—** Kill a Man Twice*'— Red River— Long Mosa Camp— Bay Tree Camp— Texas Line- Red Land Camp— San Au- gustine — Twenty Nighta in Camp. Most men would have concluded that their share of hardships and privation had been endured, after nine yea/ra of toil on Indian missions, and extens- ive districts in the new country; but Mr. Clark appeared to enjoy this "roughing it in the bush," and his heart was drawn toward the Bepublic of Texas. It was not the love of adventure, nor that he might acquire fame, that he volunteered for that new and distant field. But he saw a terri- tory, large and productive, which, by its spiritual condition, called for laborers, with an importunity which could not be easily resisted. Texas had de- ls « If IM LIF£ OF UEV. JOUN CLARK. , itti ' 'i ■'li I' • i II dared its independence of MexicO) and was resist* iiig witli all its might the forces which the Mexi- cans were employing against it. By its declaration of independence) and its form of government, Texas had recognized religions equality, and the yoke of Rome was broken, that worst of all despotisms, which had prevailed in, and which still debases, Mexico. A considerable nnmber of bravo and self-sacrific- ing miuistors had already entered that field, and wore toiling to make it ^'Immanuel's land;" and not the least among these were Methodist preachers. Fowler, ^ .nder, Eichardson, and many others wore early ou the ground, and it was by their side that Mr. Clark desired to stand, to do battle for the great Protestant cause, in the peculiar form of Methodism. Had ho desired good appointments, in those portions of the work where privations were among past experiences, he could have had them, for at that date few were before, or above him, in popularity or efficiency. But he chose rather to have a place in the front ranks of the militant host, where he must " endure hardness as a good soldier of Jesus Christ." "With this spirit he volunteered for Texas. He left his late residence at Dixon, Lee County, Dlinois, on Monday, October 4, 1841, and com- menced his long and tiresome journey to the new UItt OUTyiT. lOfiT I resistr ) Moxi- ilariition tt, Texas le yo^o spotismB, debases, ilfHsacrific- field, and ind-," oxi^ preacbers. any others J their side > battle for iar form of ^ntments, iu ations were had them, jove him, in [se rather to lUitant host, good soldier volimteered Lee County, ti and com- .y to the new llopuhlic. lie had a f|^d pair of hornos, and light pleasure- wagon hung on elliptic Hju'ings, with u standing cover. Tlio carriage was easy and con- venient, and carried about five hundred pounds weight of baggage, &c., for the comfort and use of the family. Among these articles was a marquee, or linen tent, glass lamp, ax, hammer, tea-kettle, frying-pan, coft'ee-mill, patent coflfee-boilor, water bucket, provision-basket, plates, knives and forks, spoons, &c. Having a largo experience in forest life, ho was prepared to judge of the wants of travelers in such circumstances, and provide accordingly. Ho had also a good single horse and buggy, designed for the use of Bishop Mon*is, whom they expected to meet at St. Louis, and who was expected to accompany them from that place to Texas. Bev. Josiah W. Whipple, who had volunteered for the same iield, drove the single horse, while Mr. and Mrs. Clark, and little John E., rode in the covered carriage. Some extracts from his diary may be more in- teresting than any other account which might be given of the journey. "Started at 10 A. M., and by evening had traveled thirty-five miles to Princeton, and tarried with Rev. J. M. Snow, the preacher of the circuit, Mrs. Clark much fatigued. " Tuesday f October &th, — -Made thirty-seven miles, ^i I m im HhH OV HJ6V. JUHN CLARJC. Sfu P ' i If/, I !'!! I '■ and put up at a little burgh, culled Northampton, at a ruin-tavorn. The ride to-day hon been over prairie chiefly, fifteen mileu without a houHO ; water- courses frequent, prairie rolling, and of pretty gooil quality. Wednesday^ 6th. — Came to Peoria, eighteen miles, and dined with Brother Markley, a plain, agree- able man from Ilarrisburgh, Penn. Rested about three hours, and, uniting in prayer to God, took up our line of march, and by sunset came to Ellen Grove, and called on William Davies, to whom I had been directed; but the good man and his wife being absent, wo pushed on to Liberty, six- teen miles from Peoria, and passed the night with a Brother Fuller. Peoria, since I saw it last, five years ago, has greatly improved in its appearance and business. It has a pleasant location on the west side of the Illinois River. " Thtiradayj 7th. — Left early, and moved leisurely to Broderic to dinner. Rested three hours, and at night came to Irish Grove, and put up with Brother J. B. Smith. Our host, at noon, gave Mrs. Clark an interesting sketch of Texas in 1840, written by Brother O. Fisher, who had spent some time there. Traveled to-day thirty-five miles. All well. The Lord be praised for all his mercies. ^^JF/idm/j Sth. — Left Smith's at 8 A. M., and at noon came to Springfield. Called on Edmund Roberts; •K.. ARRIVAL AT BT. LOUIS. 197 en over )• -wfttor- Ben milctt, in, agi^oo- Bted about »d, took up B to Blen to vr^om an and bis iberty, biJ^" J nigbt with it last, five appearance ktion on the .ved leisurely [hours, and at with Brother l^rs. Clark an -written by le time there. ^U vrell. The [., and at noon Iniund Roberts ; ■pent the afternoon and night very ])loaAAntly. Culuul at the parsonage, and found BiHtor FiMlior much coin- poied in view of her long journey to Texas. I judge that Methodism has seen greater progperity hero thun it now enjoys. * O Lord, revive thy work 1' '' Saturday y 9M.— Left at 8 A. M. Called at M'KI- vain*8 to dine, and reached Carlinvillc after dark, <]!«- tance forty miles. Put up at Brother 8. M. Otweirn. lie was absent, but his family received us kindly. "Pn Sabbath Brotlier Whipple and myself l)oth preached. The congregations small, but, on the whole, we had a comfortable day. ''^ Monday y llth. — ^Tlie rain on the previous night had caused deep mud, which rendered traveling very fa- tiguing for the horses. Dined at G. W. Fox's stage- house ; and at dark brought up at Gershom Flagg's, Paddock's Grove. Distance from Carlinville twenty- eight miles. ^^ Tuesday, \2th. — Dined atBev.S. H. Thompson's, Edwardsville. He was in very poor health, but with much of the missionary spirit. We passed with him a pleasant hour, united in prayer, and then made for William Hadley's, on the American Bottoms. Distance ^his day sixteen miles. " Wednesday, IMh. — Passed a pleasant night with Brother Hadley, and set off in the morning for St. Louis, which we reached at noon. Here we met with warm reception and good quarters, where we I LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. '-^1^ 11} . i ':i'ili 'i tarried until Tuesday, October 19, with Brother Burd. " Titesday, October Idth. — ^We set out with Bishop Morris in company. He drives the single horse be- fore the buggy, while the rest of us occupy the car- riage, except John E., who is sometimes with us, and sometimes with the bishop. We traveled twenty- five miles, and were kindly entertained at night by Bj'other Hunt, who formerly resided in Ohio. " Wednesday, 20th. — ^Beached Dr. Skeel's at noon ; rested, dined, and the bishop baptized a child. We then pressed on to Boston's, which we reached after dark; road rough and hilly; distance thirty-one miles. Here we found a pleasant family and good accommodations. Thus far the com try is broken, and the timber shrubby ; but the soil and timber be- gin to improve. " Thursday, 21st. — ^We hastened on to Farmington, thirteen miles. This is the seat of justice for St. Francis County. We called on Brother Murphy, who has resided here for thirty years. While tarrying here Bishop Morris ordained Brother Job Lawrence, who had been elected to deacon's orders some time previously. The evening proved stormy, and a small congi'egation assembled, to whom the bishop preach- ed on 2 Corinthians viii, 9. ^^Friday,. 22d. — Came eighteen miles to Frederic- town, the seat of justice for Madison County. A two- FBEDERIOTOWN. 199 li Brother vith Bishop le horse be- Lipy the car- ies with "08, relodtwenty- at night by Ohio. eel's at noon; a child. Wo reached after ace thirty-one tally and good *ry is broken, and timber be- to Farmington, justice for St. [erKnrphy,>^^<^ ^VSThile tarrying Job Lawrence, frders some time jrmy, and a small Le bishop preach- lues to T'rederic- Connty. At^^ days' meeting had been appointed in view of our coming. Mrs. Clark, myself, and son, were entertain- ed at Brother Overfield's. He was absent with his daughter, but his good wife rendered our stay until Monday very agreeable. ^^ Saturday, A. M., Bishop Morris preached on the * Exceeding great and precious promises.' The dis- course was instructing and profitable. At night I preached on Hebrews iv, 16. "On Sunday the bishop. Brother Whipple, and myself, addressed the people. This place is about ninety miles from St. Louis. ^^ Monda/y, 25^A. — ^We took our dinner at Twelve Mile Creek, and at night put up with Mr. Short, a Baptist, where we were well entertained, for reason- able prices. On Tuesday set out in good season, took a lunch by the way, and put up at night at Z. Smith's, in Greenville, Wayne County. Mr. Smith's family, both children and servants, know their places and keep them. He would receive no compensation for our entertainment. May our Master extend sal- vation to him and his family I Amen. ^^Wednesda/y^ 27th. — Crossed St. Francis River; came to Big Black River, and took a lunch out of our own store, and passed on to Sister Scott's, a widow lady, whose family kindly entertained us in her absence. ^^'Thv/rsday, 2Sth. — ^Rainy in the morning ; biit at '■■T^: ^%. r M ' 200 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. ' I i 10 A. M. we started, and after traveling twenty miles, put up near Logan's Creek, providing onr own food and lodging. Our tent was pitched under the ppreading branches of a venerable cypress, the first I had ever seen. We measured the tree, and found it twenty-four feet in circumference. The tent was di- vided into two apartments, one of which was occu- pied by the bishop and Brother Whipple, and the other by myself and family. We passed a comforta- ble night, and our horses were well fed on provender which we purchased before leaving the settlement. We named our resting-place Camp Cypress. '•''Frida/y^ ^9th. — Crossed the line of Missouri into Arkansas, at Current River, by ferry. Prshed on till night, and encamped near the road on the bank of the Fourche de Mass, (pronounced Foosh de Maw,) having made twenty-two miles. " On Saturday the rain fell, and we remained in camp. In the afternoon Brother Whipple set off to try to raise a congregation for the Sabbath, while we were busy in preparing fuel, &c., for that day. When Brother Whipple returned he was accompanied by Brother William Spikes, who urged us to leave our wet camp, and the annoyance of pigs, and go home with him, a distance of three miles. So we left Camp Fourche de Maas, (Foosh de Maw,) and found comfort- able lodgings. The Sabbath was rainy, and no con- gregation could be secured ; but at 11 o'clock the OAMP SYCAMORE. 201 twenty ,ur own ider the lO first I found it ; was di- as occu- and the eomforta- )rovender Bttlement. 3. flouri into hed on till e bank of de Maw,) Bmained in e set off to b, while we lay. When npanied by to leave our nd go home ;^e left Camp und comfort- ^ and no con- o'clock the corpse of a child was brought to be buried on Brother Spikes's premises, and the bishop read tlje Scriptures, sung and prayed with the few persons present, and the parents saw their child inteiTed with Christian rites. ^^ Monday, Ifovemher Ist. — Still rainy, and we tarry to dry our tent, prepare stores, and be ready to set out next day. Brother Whipple procured flour, which Mi's. Clark baked. Brother Whipple also took his gun and went in search of game, and returned with squirrels and a fine rabbit, which were boiled, to take with us on our way. " Tuesdojy, 2d. — ^Reached the main or stage road, and came by a by-way to a small stream, called Eleven Fines, as so many of those trees stand near the spring where it rises. We forded the stream, and arrived at Jackson about four P. M. ; passed on one mile and a half to Spring Biver, and encamped for the night. We kindled our fire by the side of a large sycamore, cleared away the brush, and a few thorns from the honey locust, and pitched our tent. Brother Whipple went with the buggy to procure corn, fodder, and milk, and soon returned with a good supply ; and we passed the night pleasantly at Camp Sycamore. " Wednesday, dd. — ^This morning we sent two of our horses to a blacksmith's to be shod; and, in the mean- time, the bishop took the a/uger, (the short gun,) and ft' am IH" ii; '■ 1^1 4 fii 1 1 I HP' i i!il i 202 LIFE OP REV. JOHN OLARK. went in search of game. After a while he returned with two doves, whicli he had mistaken for pigeons. Left our camp at ten A. M., and at noon discovered the loss of our tea-kettle. We took the Colonel from the pole, and Brother Whipple mounted him, and rode back two and a half miles, recovered the kettle, and we soon moved on. Having reached Strawberry River, twenty miles, we encamped for the night, and called our resting-place Strawberry Camp. Thursday^ ^th. — ^Took the new road to Batesville, and found some brush, some logs, some stones, a few hills; and came to a stream of pure water, where we kindled a fire by the aid of steel, flint, and spunk, in tme Indian style. We warmed our kettle of stew, roasted a squirrel, satisfied both men and beasts, called the stream Eunch Creek, and passed on. We reached Mr. Adams's at four P. M., where we ex- pected to spend the night. But his house was under- going repairs of roof, chamber floors, &c. ; and having secured blades, com, (ice., for our horses, chickens, sweet potatoes, and milk for ourselves, we we: it a little distance to a small run of water,* and made our camp, which we called Camp Necessity. ^^ Friday J Uh. — ^We rose at daydawn, and found our bucket of water frozen over. Made all ready, and moved on to Batesville, which place we reached at three P. M. Met Brother Juba Estabrook, the circuit preacher, who conducted us to Mr. A. W. A YOUNG MAN 3H0T. 208 ;urned geons, Dverod )lfrom M, antl kettle, .wberry rht, and ttesville, )B, a few rhere we punk, in of Btew, d beasts, on. We •e we ex- ras nnder- Qd having chickens, ve wert a made our and found all ready, "we reached abrook, the Mr. A. W. Lyon's, a Presbyterian brother, who will entertain us during our stay. Saturday rose in health, as also my faiii'ly. I feel very much at homo in this kind family; and the more so as Mrs. Lyon's brother was a special friend of mine at Sault Ste. Marie. Bishop Morris finds a home with Colonel Pelham, an old settler, and clerk of the county, r pious Methodist. "Two weeks ago last Thursday, Mr. Burton, a young man, was shot, about three miles from town, by some one in ambush. He fell from his horse and expired, having received eleven buckshot. Suspicion rested upon a Dr. Akin, who left the place; but was pursued and brought back. Much excitement prevails, and the doctor is committed for trial. Iloi'se-racing has been the order of the present week, with a part of this community. This is a plausible but pernicious mode of gambling. O Lord, open the eyes of the people to see the error and folly of their way I Preached once on Sabbath, and heard the bishop. Attended Sabbath school. They have a fine, orderly school of sixty scholars, and a library of ^^'•ee hundred volumes, all from our own Book Booms. " Monday, %th. — ^Purchased an old pair of elliptic springs to place within mine, lengthwise of the car- riage, for better support. The way has been rough, and the load too heavy for one pair since leaving St. Louis. ymMK'tm f ' mm\ ui 204 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. ^^ Wednesda/t/y Nvo. 10"! f *^ "j^^t On retiring for the combining the p-stol »"^ ^ath; and our little boy, „,ght he too. this ^--^ J-'Jting hilled twice- supposing ho was m en sUbbed^ ru^ ^^^ .^^^^ „„ and found his way to ou«, ^^^^ ^^^^, ^, '^-P^"«- , ""^ "^isCS of carrying big knives peril in sleep, ^h" P'^^ ^^^ ^prehensMe. L times of peace »b«ag ^^„ ^,^ ,« » Tuetday, 14«A.-Attor ^ ^^^ reached the far-famed ^ed^^* ,,, j^^ense descended the river seven mU^ » « ^^^^ ^, g, cotton plantations^ J« cr^^ ^^, ,« Core Nicholas Terry, midway « ARRIVAL IN TRXAfl. 211 ,, then IS, ft»^^ gi »^'^ Dttt t\lO Bhed to- ero f««^ red. Tlie toon tnUes ,op8 a pvib- otnpany of e retunung i\ar weapon, ring for the Lr Utt\o boy, [llod twice— [m tlio room, p insisted on U forgot Wb ,g big 1^1^^^^^ eprebensible. ^en miles vre Compte, and the immense , river at Bt. ^rajid de Core and Nfttchitochos. A little further on wo clirme ii place of rcHt, and culled it Long Hofw (^unip, ns thnt article was in full length upon the trees. Wu have traveled nineteen niile8 to-daj. " Wt'dnrtitla}/^ 15/A. — Made twenty uiilo«, and tnrned into what wo called Bay-Tree ('amp. llio night was windy, and our frail tahernacle nhook merrily; but wo M'oro kept in safety. Iluiraday. Slept well, after traveling twenty miles. Fri4 ft" '11 1 \m 214 LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. Mr. Clark was appointed in cliargo of the Rutfire- ville DiBtrict, which included the following circuits and preachers : Enters ville, to be supplied. Austin, J. "W. Whipple. Washington, O. Fisher. Matagorda, R. Crawford. Victoria, Daniel Carl. C. Richardson, President of Ruteraville College. 0. W. Thomas, Professor of Ancient Languages. L. Fowler and J. Hanie, Agents. After his journey of one thousand miles to reach the new republic, he had still thret hundred miles between him and the place of his future residence. As soon as he could get all things in readiness he set forward toward his destination, with his carriage and horses. The second day after the close of the Con- ference he reached Melrose, and encamped; for he stiU had use for his tent and furniture. Tlie next day he arrived at Mr. Grears's, where he found accom- modations; and at M'Knight's on the night follow- ing, where he tarried over the Sabbath. Bishop Morris and Mr. Whipple were still in his company ; and they preached each a sermon on the Sabbath, at the camp-ground. The next day Mrs. Clark was very sick ; but by using means promptly the disease was arrested. On Tuesday he paid his host a bill of eight dollar^ and passed on to M'Lean's, where he ■ineK.^ JOURNEY TO RUTERSVILLB. 215 Iluterfl- circuits :5ollege. gttages. 38 to reacb idred miles e residence. liness he set carriage and of the Con- ,ped; for he riie next day found accom- night foUow- 3ath. Bishop his company ; the Sabhath, fe. Clark was »tly the disease 9 host a hill of ,an'8, ^^IJ^ere he " found a quiet house, a good cook, and a clean bod." lie had traveled twenty-four miles; and an equal dis- tance brought him next day to Brother Box's, near Crockett. From this place he passed twenty-seven miles over an indifferent road ; saw some twenty deer ; broke the tongue, or pole, of his carriage ; unshipped, repacked, and arrived near Trinity Eiver, where they put up for the night. He says : " Our host is called a Methodist. Fed our team, attended prayers, and retired to rest on the floor. Rose betimes next morn- ing; put in a hickory pole for a carriage tongue; ate breakfast ; but no time was devoted to family prayer. No I neither bishop, priest, nor deacon was invited to pray in the morning ; but each paid his bill, and put off over the Ti'inity, having our host for a guide." They went into camp again at night. Next day they reached Mr. Robinson's, where they spent another Sabbath. On that Sabbath the bishop joined a couple in the holy bands of matrimony at the camp-ground ; after which they repaired to the stand, where Rev. Mr. Summers preached a good sermon by torch-light. Next day was rainy and cold, and they kept within ; and on Tuesday made a short distance, counting twenty-two deer, which showed themselves to the company. On the following day they traveled twenty miles, and were kindly entertained at the house of Mr. King, who supplied all their wants with hospitality. i|-, 111 LIFE OF RJSV. JOHN CLARK. Thursday they crossed the Brazos River, by ferry, for a dollar, and after ascending a difficult bank, came to Washington, and inquired for the grave of Dr. Martin Ruter, which they soon found ; and after spending a little time in serious reflection and con- vereation, passed on, and put up with a good member of the Church, by the name of Lynch. They passed the following Sabbath in a quiet, well- ordered family, and had service morning and even- ing : the bishop and Mr. Clark both preached. On Monday night they wore entertained by Mr. Christ- man, who, with his wife, was living for a better world, though having large possessions in this. Hero the bishop preached in the evening. On the 19th of January they reached Rutersville, the place where Mr. Clark was to reside while on the district. " This," says Mr. Clark, " is the end of our journey. In all, since leaving Mount Morris, Illinois, we have traveled about thirteen hundred miles, all by land, and no serious accident has befallen us, for which we would be thankful." Here he hired a small, unfinished room for the present, for eight dollars per month, and also hired a brother, and found him a horse, to ride to Columbia, and inquire after his goods, which had been sent by water via New-Orleans. On the 2lBt they moved into their hired room, and commenced housekeeping. He says, "Our room VISITS HIS CIRCUITS. 217 ferry, ave of d after id con- neinber ,et, well- (id even- Led. On r. Christ- a better lis. Hero Liitersville, lile on the end of our :is,IllinoiB, miles, all lien ns, for ^m for the also hired a Columbia, jen sent by d room, and «Our room looks naked indeed, but all is well." Here he parted with the bishop, wlio proceeded to Austin, the capital of the republic. The man who had been sent to Co- lumbia to inquire after his goods, returned with the information, that the firm to which they had been con- signed had refused to pay the charges on them, and tliey had been taken back to New-Orleans. By this unfortunate occurrence he suffered very serious loss. His goods, including his library and papers, were greatly injured, and some of them wholly ruined ; and the long delay in procuring their return was a very great inconvenience. He, however, soon provided for his family, and set out on his visits to the circuits in his charge. On his arrival at Austin he put his horae at a hvery stable at a dollar per day, while he was entertained without cost. The Congress of the republic was in session, and he preached in the evening in the senate cham- ber to a good congregation. He was made acquaint- ed with the president and vice-president, and many members of Congress, all of whom received him very cordially, and expressed their gladness that he had come to exert his influence in the country for its im- provement and elevation. From Austin he directed his course to Gonzales, and found it expedient to arm himself with deadly weapons. The republic was at war with Mexico, and the Indians especially were troublesome and murder- I m "I i m^:'i 218 LIFE OF UKV. JOHN OLAUK. w 0U8. Travelers were liable to attacks from them at any hour, and many were slain by those stealthy foes. He took a shot-gun and a large pistol, charging each with nine buck-shot ; and his companion had a double-barreled shot-gun, with fifteen buck-shot in each barrel. Thus armed, they mounted and pressed on until night, and found a pleasant greeting and good lodgings at the house of Mr. Good. They met with no foes by the way, though two men had been shot near their path the day before. On Friday, February 4th, they reached Gonzales, where he held a quarterly meeting on Saturday and Sabbath. Here was the first love-feast he ever held in that republic, and he represents it as a good season, though only about twenty attended. In the evening several persons came forward for prayers, and the prospect was good for a genuine revival of religion. Thus he began his work in that field with good prospects of usefulness. On his way home he saw several mustang^ or wild horses, and a very large number of deer, with which the country at that time abounded. He reached home on the ninth of Feb- ruary, and the following Saturday and Sabbath held a quarterly meeting at Eutersvillo, the place of his residence. This was a season of great comfort and profit. His next appointment was at Egypt, Matagorda Circuit, where the good Spirit was powerfully pres- 1^ EXTENT OP HIS D18TUICT. 210 at any I. He r oacli bad a shot iu pressed ing and liey niet ad been 3^onzales, rday and ever beld J a good In tbe prayers, revival of field \ntb J borne be very large ,t tbat time Ltb of I'oIj- bbatb beld )lace of bis .omfort and Matagorda erfully pres- ent. Hero was a society, organized by Dr. Kutcr. From this place lie passed on to Cedar Crook, Wash- ington Circuit; and before the services closed on Sunday evening, two men and their wives were con- verted, and went on their way rejoicing. Here Mr. Clark's Journal ends. It was commenced on his leaving Illinois ; and for all that follows I am indebted, so far as the general facts are concerned, to Eev. Josiah W. Whipple, who was one of Mr. Clark's company from Illinois, and who is still in the ministry in Toxas. His district, though it had but few circuits, was an extended territory, including nearly all the set- tlements then established on the Brazos, Colorado, and Guadaloupe Elvers. Tlie north and south- western portions formed the extreme outer borders of Protestantism in the republic. This was a re- markable border country, looking out upon Mexico, which still claimed Texas as a pai't of its own ter- ritory, and was determined to maintain its claim by force of arms. Marauding parties of Mexicans and Indians were often committing ravages and barbarities upon the inhabitants. Texas was twico invaded by powerful hosts during the fii-st year of Mr. Clark's labors there, and each time San Antonio foil into their hands. This city is only eighty miles distant from the heart of Rutersville District. The whole frontier was constantly annoyed by the hostile ii ii m i 220 LIFE OF KEY. JOHN CLARK. I', * 1 4 Indians, whose hatred of tlio Toxans was most in- tense. They were watching for opportunities to steal, take captives, and kill. Many of them were real cannibals, and delighted to Jerk a white man, (when fleshy,) oud dry his flesh for provision in a future campaign. Tliis was a horrifying thought, that, perhaps, the savages that were prowling about a camp or cabin were feasting on human flesh ! In this state of things Mr. Clark soon learned to carry his implements of war with as much ease and grace as he can'ied his saddle-bags. On one circuit in his district seventeen men were waylaid and killed. Ko one knew when he was safe, day or night. Mr. Clark showed himself peculiarly fitted by both nature and grace for the work before him. His enlarged ideas of the great commission were calculated to urge him on in his arduous work, as well as to sustain him in it. At his first quarterly meeting in Austin he had an opportunity to pre- sent the claims of the Gospel before many of the first men in the nation, some of whom had not heard a sermon for years. This he did with an ability which all felt and acknowledged. His ser- mons on that occasion are often mentioned even until now as model sermons, and as making im- pressions unusually deep. The Church hailed him as an able minister of the Gospel, while statesmen THE TEXAN WAR. 221 58t in* ties to a were e man, 311 in a honglit, g about arned to icli ease On one ) waylaid safe, day fitted by jfore bim. ision were s work, as ; quarterly Lty to pre- any of the [n bad not id witb an I. His ser- ioned even making ina- bailed bim le Btatesmen regarded him as one calculated to oxort a powerful influence in behalf of the nation, botlv morally and intellectually. Many flocked to hear him, while he preached as readily to the few whom ho found here and there as to the hundreds or thousands who listened to his messages in i)opulous places. On the fall of San Antonio in 1842, Mr. Clark was holding a quarterly meeting at Bastrop, about eighty miles distant, and the news reached that place in the afternoon of the Sabbath. At the close of the service a council of war was hold, and Mr. Clark remarked that God had acknowledged the independence of Texas. He exhorted the people to trust in God, and be true to thoir country. Several of the ministers went to the camp to encourage, and aid, if need be, the defenders of Texas; and for a time the othere could do little more than visit the women and children whoso husbands and fathers were in the army. In this work they were diligent and faithful, exhorting them to trust in God, and hope for peaceful times. Mr. Clark was always engaged in the great work of his mission, and with some success, even in those times of confusion and distress. In December, 1842, the conference met at Bas- trop, and he was returned to Rutersvillo District. This year also was one of great trouble in "Western Texas. The struggle with Mexico continued, and i ,m ^1 i 1^; i: < I ■ 4, in tho midrt of »11, tl.e J"-* ^j „» ^,,icU ,«,ed. Several ^'^-^l^^^'^^ZZl of WcksUder, „.any were -;-;^« Jjfj rhost^ of tl.e latter were reclaimod, for tl ere we ^_^^ ^^^^.^ firBt love on the way je ^^.^_^^ _^^^^ j,,„ ^aB tl.e excited-stato "^ *o p _^^,^ Btate of n,oraU 'n^';^;^- ^^^ „,<..asy Uad the ordinances of tuo «o»i > been the order of the day. ^^,^^,f „f Mr. Clark exerted all h. powe ^^^ ^ligion/and in doing g'^/'j!^'^,,' ,iety and people had the »t™-V*'„': '^In^ it hy 'good judg^of ' i:Sr r^n t^at new country, the Lord to help the ^tarch ^^ ^^^_ It «s at the can>p-meet.ngs ospec a y^ ^^ .ineed all of his ^o"'* ^^n went to their side the colored peopK He o ^_^^ ^^^^ .^ ^^^.^ j„ayer.meetmgs, exhort g ^^^ ,^,^ ^^. pions, and praymg *^»' ^^J ^ ^.e same desire U in this — h 2^^^^ ^^^^ ^,, , '" 'T 'Tatiot ^ those humhle ones. Ml share of atte^n ^^^^^^ ^* one of those P y ^^^^^^ ^„^ j^e , ^^i^irir^-tnLterehadlaW. A TALK TO SOME PURPOSE. 228 ; but, proa- csliclcrs 3 latter fit tlioir [id BUcU and tho asy had ijelialf o^ nd. Tlio piety and I sent by ^ country, at ho con- ilvation of thoir eido 5in in their aiding the By his ex- same dosiro lioy gave a )ne8. here was a -cy, and the ,d labored in her behalf until they wore utterly wonry, and had retired to their tent to wleop ; but the girl continued her cries without much regard to sentiment, or to the instructions which liad been given in relation to faith in Christ. An old colored woman came to the presiding elder, and asked if she might " talk to dat gal." lie told her it was his desire that she would do so. She went to the girl, seized her by the shoulders, and shook her smartly, and said to her, " You gal 1 what dat you doin' ? Just shet up your mouth and open your heart; and hasn't the Saviour said, *I will come in dare?* Now jnst try it." And it was but a moment before the girl was happy in the knowledge of sins forgiven. Mr. Clark said, "Tliere, see how simple, and yet how true, and how wisely said. That old woman beats us all in preaching Christ. Lot us learn from this." At one of his camp-meetings a young preacher had been speaking from these words, " Ye will not come to me that ye may have life." He was rather pointed in his remarks against those who are fully convinced of the reality of religion, and its importance to their well-being, and yet will choose the world in preference to Christ. Some of the sinners were dis- pleased with the sermon ; and an old preacher was rather inclined to reprove the young man for his pointed remarks; and said he "had always found 'i ''A ! I '' li ' II >3 '< Mi' I'll 4 'Pi n H til MI'U />« ntiV JOHN CLARK. honey bcucr .,.u viuo«ar to <^;^;^^'^J!:;. Clark, «Uo «»» >•«»""«;" » " " ^^m .. Wo arc not fly-catcborB. N«"""f jj,„ ,„„,arlt, and con- preacher felt very P" «'» « ^„,i. ^.o n.vitatlon, elndea it wa, l-PO'/^f ^^j„, He ha. many a„d throatomngs of the "I f„„„^i„p; ^arm friend, in Texas; «'«' '« J^^^'^,, ,„ece,rf«l. year, at Galveston, were »!> -•»^J;,„„fiaenee to ke poor conld -^-^e U aid t«ncd delighted %r^r.as elected a.ega.;o the — Conference, which met >» N-^\.^ ^^^^, ,, ,,.0 Horthinsearch fh W, ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ hiB loavmg. Tl>« "«' ^ ^^. , to transfer with us in *«. ^°';'J:- j^„d,ew with slavery pro- Tl.e -""^-^^'o^Jf^'Sment unparalleled in any duced an amount of exc to J ^^^ ^j^^^^gU General Conference ; and^-J-^ ^^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^ the whole e<>°»«» ^North, and in favor of the veso- Mr. Olark was with the IN orin, •" KKBUliUTION i)¥ OKNgURU. 225 »» Mr. pfttM i*^ ftro not young u\d con- vitatlourt ivH many following luccossful. Rdencc to 1 delJgUtod X\x preach- le General , 1844, and nUy to tlio tho time of yoV Oonfcr- ) to transfer prudent for lunate. T^e 3 again found h slavery pro- illeled in any e fire tlirougli te on his case, vor of the reso- lution which declared that ItlNlkop Andrew ought to cease to oxorciso his oiHco so long us he should ho connected with slavery. The action of ^[r. (Jluik WttH received hy the Texas Conference with decided disfavor; and at their next soHHion they expressed their view of his course in the following terin.<(: ** Jii'Holvedy Tliat it is the sense of this (/(udoroneo that the Uev. John Clark, one of our doU'gutes to the late (ioneral Conference, entirely misrepresented our views and sentiments in his votes in the cases of Itev. F. A. Harding and Bishop Andrew." To the above, Mr. Clark offered the following reply, through the Christian Advocate and Journal : '• llEHOIXTION OF TEXAS CO:\ii: / ^ ':. ' 226 LIFE or REV. JOHN CLARK. ^ I :!' Now, had these kind friends taken time to breathe long enongh to define the trust I am charged with abusing, it is i^uite proba- ble their vote, or resolution of censure and denunciation, had been withheld, or would have been of an entirely different character. To this grave charge I enter the plea. Not guilty; and will simply remark that, as a delegate of the Texas Confer- ence, I did not understand, ur suppose, that I was charged with any trust or agency that would go to break up the usage of the Church for the last sixty years, by sanctifying slavery in her bosom, in casting a vote to sanction its connection with the episcopacy. Therefore, as no such trust was reposed in me, I did not abuse it. But I suppose those friends, and perhaps others too, felt chafed at the doings of the General Conference in the case of Bishop Andrew ; and as my single vote contributed to the offensive result, I must bo denounced as a traitor to my constituents. Well, they had the whole matter to themselves, to soy and resolve what they pleased, with no one to say, ' Why do ye so ?' "I haveoftcn regretted that it was Inexpedient, on account of family afflictions, for me i o return to Texas at the close of the late General Conference, that I mifht have met there all the respon- sibility my vote in the case involved; but not having this privilege, I will just say to those friends. Say all that is in your hearts in regard to me, and my vote in the case of Blehop Andrew. I shall not be offended. I know your situation, and I sympathize with you. "But to the resolution adopted by the Conference. The plain, common-sense import of that resolution I conceive to be this: ^^ First. That the Texas Conference, in December, 1848, when I was elected one of its delegates, had a full understanding of the c ie of Bishop Andrew. ^^ Secondly. That at that time the Conference had taken its ¥- HIS DEFENSE. 227 position, anil formed its 'views and sentiments' in regard to t1io wliole matter in dispute. " TJdrdly. Tliat these views and sentiments being known to me, I was cliarged with representing them on tlie floor of tlio General Conference. "Tliis I conceive to be a just analysis of the resolution. How such a resolution could have been adopted by such a body of pious, thinking men, as the Texas Conference, is to ino perfectly unaccountable. The Texas Conference understood the case of Bishop Andrew, and formed its 'views and senti- ments' in the case in December, 1848. How preposterous I But all this is positively necessary to make out the charge of misrepresentation, as alleged against me; for that Conference had no meeting from December, 1848, until January, 1845, several months after my vote was cast. And yet I am charged with having 'entirely misrepresented their views and senti- ments.' Surelv this resolution ^entirely mierepresenW the truth in the case. Not that the Conference, or any one of its mem- bers, would designedly charge me falsely; but that their resolu- tion does this is as plain as the sense of the words they employ. "It was perfectly iompetent for the Conference, had they considered it necessai'y, to 'Resolve that, as the sense of this Conference, we cannot sustain the position occupied by Rev. John Clark, one of the delegates to the late General Confer- ence, 1.1 his vote in the case of Bishop Andrew.' This would have been a plain declaration of 'views and sentiments' a« then formed^ and no exc3ptions would have been taken. But to charge me v/ith 'entirely misrepresenting their views and sen- timents,' when, as a conference, they had no views in the case, and could not instruct me, is entirely fallacious, as well as dis- courteous and unkind. " Those brethren well knew at the time this resolution was adopted, that when the vote was called for, on the resolution of Rev. J. B. Finlev. I desired to be excused from voting. X I,irE OF BBV. JOHK CLARK. 228 - , , ,„ excuse me. There was, there fin^ ^ , aWated; to sta.d »P to the 1-*"' ""^ ™^,t^lue . eo.ard, hoyond „,..,. It 'if^ -- :rrrh:":etor..ed >. >t, ,.u. r:crw.--r:r ;i.-d. election of BlAop An*"*- ^^ ,„„ the ground "Wr«!/. Bishop Andrew havngdep ^^^^ ^^^^^^^ i„ „g«d to ^'-'^o'f °til :tu^ ;: Uon to «., in .nd the oeenpancy of w^ch J^ - ^„,„, i„ ,,^ preference to another who oo P ,^., j^^. Ltter; I say, as Bishop Andre- had ^ ^^ tiou, a position of grave conce n ,n the m ^^ ^^^^^ ^^ fte General Conference m 1M2, ^ ^^,,.„g „„ elected, there was, i. "f^ ™jt^4,,f either to refrain from H.,hoth in '^;;;: t^i^ U himseif fro,, eon- the exercise of his oduaj, nection with slavery. presence, among uf„.«,. Bishop Andrew stated » ^^J 4 there other things hearing on *;^;-^; ^ * nferenci that wouid ^ere some twenty-two or t''"^*^.,, „,,, t„em; that in „ot submit to have ".''-'^'"Ji.u office, as he could .iew of this, he w^ inch «1 ^^^^^ ^^ ^ ^^ „, the not bear the thought of being t ^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^ Church. The last sentence wa, utoe ^^^ „„„,iaer«tion, ,„ade adeep taP'-'"" """^Xd when I voted in the case, ^ere distinctly P«-' *° "/^ws of my conference, for, - rM^;:nnrsr.he matter, and at that time they HIS DEFENSE. 229 • y refused ft mo but , aictatcd ; •d, beyond rote, 1 was jperal Oovi- y its pubUo it, and dis- Qlufttion and 1 the ground vben elected, »n to bim, vj ;round in vAw aged bis posi- a majority of aominated and tion resting on to refrain from jself froi'i con- ,rescnce, among supposed tbere ,nce9 tbat would I- tbem ; tbat in ace, as be could a division oi tbe nucb feeling, and eae considerations roted in tbe case, onference, for, as at tbat time tbey liad scarcely been informed, even as individuals, of the point at issue ; nor did I ' grossly abuse my trust.' No, sir ; I repel tbe cbarge. "But wbat was so peculiar in the position I occupied, that in my case alone tbere has been formal conference action? Other brethren occupied ground equally peculiar and isolated, iu regard to their conferences and their colleagues. Still no conference action has been had, no formal vote of censure hna been passed in regard to them. Is the hated abolition, North and "West, more liberal and magnanimous than tlio 'noble, liigh-minded South and Southwest' in matters of this nature? Who shall decide? I will leave it for the scenes that have transpired in regard to Church division, since July last, to ren- der up the verdict. "But is there not a cause? Must not every man be sus' pected as an enemy, as grossly abusing or disregarding the rights of his brethren, who dares, in the councils of the Church, or in tlio halls of legislation, to utter a word, or do an act, that shall have a tendency to disturb the quiet or threaten the permanence of 'the pecnilar institution?' Here is the pinch. Aside from these influences and fears, I am cheerful to declare I know no people more liberal minded or cordial in their trefitment to all well-accredited strangers, than the people of lite 3outh and Southwest. •'■ ' 'ith an expression of these ' views and sentiments,' I take my le've, for the present, of my Texas brethren, and of their singular resolution. ^. "Tours truly, "John Clark. " Wbst Potjltnbt, Vt., Aprils 1846." " 1 I cannot but regard this repij as a triumphant de- fense of himself against the accusations of his con- si itaents ; and if they have seen that defense, it would 'I -. •ntfxr TOHN CLARK' !««, nf ti>e points involved seem as if their own ^^ °^^^/^,i„„. gtiUour „„.t have received — ^'"^'^f,^ i„fl„enced, to views, both North and Sou*, -n^ ^.^^^^^. some extent, by onr stand-pomts Btances surrounding them. _.„„niary loss in Texas I" ;"'*^^;ii,,,^,helost one of tl»o Soutliorn uiiniMterf, wlio dcHirod a Hoat in tlieir late l)or letter to the same brother contains tho following : ^, " My lonr^ silence may seem to indicate that my old friends are forgotten, or less appreciated than in former years. But it is not so ; yet to give you all th'^ reasons for delay would fill a large portion of this page. Well, let them pass for what they are worth, and imagine any number you please, such as a busy presiding elder might offer. "I rejoice that the good bishop and his advisers have counted you worthy the office you now fill, and trust that the expectations of your friends will be more than met, in the success that shall crown your efforts on the Ottawa District. I tinist you enjoy much comfort in the work in which you are engaged. " I often think of my former fields of labor, and the scenes of interest connected with them, as well as of those brethren beloved who were associated with me in my labors in the West. Those yeai-s I reckon among the most interesting of any in mj^ ministry. But they aie past, ard their record is gone up on high. It would afford me much pleas- ure to visit those parts again; e .y, ;ake a trip to Lake Superior, to Mackinaw, Green Bay; and so SU3PECTED OF HETERODOXY. 241 )ttermg aclivity, &XOB tbo that VL\y ited than L to give a a large s for what .mhcr you gilt offer, tiis advisers )U now fillj friends will shall crown I ti-ust you which you of labor, and [hem, as well 3re associated Those yeai-s |of any iu my leir record is [e much pleas- l;al5e a trip to Bay, an^ ®^ on, down South, and call on Rev. Milton Bourne. Yes, it would be a treat indeed. But when shall i enjoy it? Ah, that is the question. "Mrs. Clark often talks of laying her bones somewhere in the Rock River Conference; and if she had comfortable health, would be willing again to take up her residence in a log-cabin for the good of Israel. We know what frontier scenes are ; we loved them once, and lovo them still. " I expect to reside in Troy next year, if I re- tain the district, or the district retains me. Well, Brother Bourne, I love religion still. I enjoy my- self well in the work, and am bound for the port of endless rest." While laboring upon this district he was, for the only time in his life, suspected of unsoundness in doctrine. There were some among us who, as Mr. Wesley said of others, " so described the corruption of heart in a behever, as scarcely to allow that he has dominion over it, but rather is in bondage to it, and, by this means, they left hardly any dis- tinction between a believer and an unbeliever." To correct this error, i.nd arrest the tide of evils which legitimately flowed from it, Mr. Clark preached a sermon, which was regarded by some as heterodox, and the passage of his character was arrested at the next session of the Conference. He had more copious ?aotes of that sermon than he usually pre- 16 LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. pared, especially on tlie point in dispute, and in delivering the discourse he was careful to read all * that portion. It was i'tated and aigaed in the manuscript, that all the elements of holiness are implanted in the regenerate man; and, in answer to the question, whether he believed that any sin remains in the believer, he said, "Taking sin in accordance with the apostle's description of the * carnal mind,' (enmity against God,) I believe it does not remain in re- generate men." After considerable informal skirmishing, the case was dismissed, on his giving a written pledge that he would not teach the sentiment, which was ex- cepted to by his brethren; and at the next session of the Conference he withdrew his pledge, and had his withdrawal entered upon the journal. He chose to be like his brethren, free from special pledges, but responsible to the Conference for his future course. Extremes beget extremes, and on this principle many good men have been repelled too far. But, with his explanations and definitions, how far was he from the truth? Are not all the elements of holiness implanted in the regenerate soul? How many, and which ones, are withheld? Does real "enmity against God'* dwell in the believer? It is true, as Mr. Wesley says, "The state of a justi- STATIONED IN ALBANY. 243 , and in read a^^ sript, that ed in the , question, ins in tlie aance witU id,' (enmity main in re- ng, the case pledge that hich was ex- next session ,dge, and had 3^1. He chose ,ecial pledges, for his future id this principle too far. But, s, how far was ^e scul? How lid? 1^0®^ ^"^^^ le believer? It stateof a4uBti- fied person is inexpressibly glorious;" yet a state of entire sanctification "exceeds in glory." And they who describe the justified man as a wretched sinner, err as really and as injuriously as do they who include in a justified state entire purity from inbred sin. The first error leads many to suppose themselves justified when thoy ought to be under conviction, like other sinners ; and it induces many to think they are wholly sanctified, when they are again forgiven, and restored to a justified state. At the close of Mr. Clark's second year on the Troy District, the officiary of Hudson-street Station, in the city of Albany, importunately asked for his services, and he was appointed to that charge in 1848, where he continued two years. The author was stationed in that city durinf 'lie same time, and had very good opportunities ol 'ocominc; well acquainted with him. Those yepi3 were nof among the happiest ones which he had known. He made no complaint against the society or the official Board, and there was no cause of complaint. He was sus- tained and beloved, but was not very successful. The truth is, he was not exactly adapted to that station; and he told the bishop in council, that he was not the man for that kind of work; that his life had been a rambling one for the last twenty years, and his preaching had been as rambling as his life. He expressed his conviction that, when il.> >' t |!i!lf':f I !,i :i LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLAIIK. he should lea\o the district, ho ought to have a good-sized circuit to work back upon. lie hud been accustomed to the Inaian country, the great lakes, the broad prairies of the West, and extensive districts in various portions of the work; and to contract his range of thought, to condense and com- bine, so as to conform to the tastes and wants of a city congregation, to which he must hold forth two and three times each Sabbath-day, was difficult, and, perhaps, impossible for him ; at least this could not be done suddenly, under the circumstances, and yet allow him to enjoy a sense of freedom from mental and spiritual embarrassment. No man was ever more laborious or faithful, and none was better calculated to promote the financial interests of the Church, and every branch of enterprise felt his sk'".iul hand, and shared in his fostering care. Ke was also faithful as an administrator of discipline, and watched over his flock with all the care and solicitude of a good shepherd. He was a kind, yet firni atuninislrative officer, and kept the society in a sound and healthy state. He believed that the minister who expels the greatest number from the Church is not the best administrator; but rather the one who saves the greatest number without scandal to the Church. His labor was not in vain, for some souls were given him as seals of his ministry ; and the piety of MENTAL ATTAINMENTS. 245 have ft lie luid bo gi^eat axtensive • and to and com- ^ants of a forth two 3 difficult, , this could jumstances, of freedom or faithful, promote the very branch id sharecl in ithful as an led over his e of a good uuninisitative and healthy r who expels .li is not the ,ne who sa/oes ■0 the Church. ^Q souls were id the piety of the Church had evidently increased. He left many strong friends in that station; and it is believed he made not a single enemy. His influence was folt in the community for good, and ho 'vas univei*sally respocted. Tlie nobleness of his bearing and the gener sity of his heart, caused one to remark face- tiously, that if he should over have an enlargement of the heart it would surely kill him, for it was now as largo as ho could contain. It was during those two years that the writer became acquainted with Mr. Clark's mental attain- ments, which were very respectable. His knowledge of the English language was thorough, though he had never acquired any other. He was well read in men- tal and moral science ; had a very good knowledge of Natural Philosophy, Ancient and Modem History, and Geography ; had carefully studied Church His- tory and Tlieology ; and kept himself well posted in relation to tho events and men of the times, as well in other countries as in our own. At the expiration of his legal term in Hudson- street, ho was put in charge of Albany District, on which he labored two years; and as the presiding elder was located in the city of Schenectady, and tho writer was stationed there, we were near neighbors during two more yeare of our ministry. Tliose yeare served to bind our hearts still more closely in the bonds of Christian friendship. Never were there, 'il-MM i: m LIPE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. perhaps, two ministers, who were not related by family ties, who were more familiar and unrestrained in their social intercourse ; and it is but simple justice to say, that he was one of the most agreeable and interesting Christian companions that I have ever found. As in all his fields of labor, so in this, ho was respected and esteemed. Every interest of the Church was supervised in duo season, and with eflficiency. "No toil was considered too great, and no sacrifice too dear, for the prosperity of the Church. He was one of tlie best chairmen in quarterly conferences that I have ever known. He seemed bom to command without appearing to exert himself to govern. It was easy and natural for him to preserve order, both day and night, at camp- meetings, where some "lewd fellows of the baser sort" are apt to congregate. His appearance and manner seemed to inspire, even in such persons, a conviction that "discretion is the better part of valor." We all loved the man; and when, at the end of two years on the Albany District, he took a transfer to the Rock River Conference, we realized our loss, and could acquiesce in the arrangement only on the ground of equality; being willing that his valuable services should be enjoyed, in part, by other portions of our common Zion. :M STATIONED IN CHICAGO. 247 jlatod T^y restrained plo justice ioable and have ever lis, lio was B8t of tlic , and with , great, and >rity of tlio '. jbairmen in known. Ho iring to exert Ltural for b^^ ;ht, at camp- of the baser )pearance and ich persons, a )etter part of n, at the end ^ct, he took a cc, we realized .•angementonly willing that his d, in part, hy CHAPTER XX. STATIONED IN CHICAGO- -SICKNESS — DEATH. Transferred to Kook River Conforcnco — Adaptation— EftHtmul West — Growth in Groco — His Influence — Biblical Institute — Mrs. Garrett — Difference of Opinion — Anecdote — His Siekncas and Death — Letter iVom Dr. Bartlott — His Funeral Services. As stated at the close of tlio former chapter, Mr. Clark was transferred to the Rock River Conference in 1862. This was done at the earnest and importu- nate request of several leading members of that con- ference, who had known him intimately in former years; and it proves that they regarded him* as a man of no ordinary qualifications, a valuable acquisi- tion to their body. Having made his arrangements, visited some of the family connections, and taken leave of many warm friends in the Troy Conference, he arrived in Illinois in time to take an appointment, and enter upon his work at the close of the session of the above-named conference. His appointment was Clark-street Sta- tion, Chicago; the largest and most responsible station in the city, and perhaps in the Conference. He entered upon his work like one whose youth and commission were both renewed; and it is believed that LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. ho hatl, at no period of his life, been more efficient or useful in his ministry. Tlie field of labor and the endowments of the laborer were happily adapted to each other. For though this was a city station, it was a Western one ; and while it may bo difficult to define the difierenco between a station in the East and one in the West, it will not bo denied that character- istic differences exist. In point of general intelligence, it is believed tliat neither can envy nor despise the other ; it is not in tliis that they differ. But in the West there is more of energy, of restless activity ; more of length and breadth ; there is a vastness, a magnitude, which in the East is unmeasured and unknown. Tlie rapidity of the growth of Western cities and towns, with the attendant spirit of enterprise ana progress every- where visible in that region, may be regarded as prominent traits, which distinguish it from the East. "Young America" has made his footprints in the soil, and stamped his image upon the institutions, and breathed his i^pint into the minds and hearts of the West. And Mr. Clark, although his head bore some of the "blossoms of the almond-tree," yet re- tained the warmth and glow of youth, and was furnished with a largeness of comprehension, and a breadth of design, in harmony with the aspirations of the Western masses. And if there was an ampli- tude and discursiveness in his ministrations, which HI8 EPnCIENOT AND PAITnFULNrSP. 249 ) efficient abov and ^ adapted station, it difficult to East and cliaracter- 5lieved that it is not in ,ere is more length and ie, which in Tlie rapidity ms, with the igress every- regarded as •om the East, prints in the institutions, iiid hearts of liis head bore |-tree," yet re- ath, and was lension, and a the aspirations ■was an amph- •ations, which to some compressed Orientals would appear objection- able, these were exactly in keeping with the viv^ws and preferences of the enlarged Occidentals. In all the relations which he sustained to the people of his charge, and to the Church, Mr. Clark was botli faithful and beloved. His public ministrations were considered as of a high order, above the ordinary range, and were more than acceptable to the largo numbers who waited upon his ministry. Every insti- tution of tliD Church was remembered in its season, and its designs aided and advanced by his efficient cooperation. In his pastoral work he was faithful and skillful. His intercourse with his people in their families was marked by kindness, sympathy, and ur- banity, which always rendered him the welcome guest in every house. Especially was ho the com- forter of the afflicted and bereaved ; to them his presence and his prayera were as balm to their bleed- ing hearts. It is probable that at no period in his life had his religious state been better than while laboring at Clark-street. He was growing in grace, and " abound- ing in love yet more and more." A brother who had known him in the East, having occat'^^n to pass through Chicago, called on Mr. Clark, and spent an afternoon in familiar intercourse. On his return, he mentioned to the writer his happy r ocoUections of that most eminently reUgimia visit. This report was I 250 LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. I' fl t^: ,'" kill li • mado while Mr. Clark was in good hoalth, and, of course, without any roforenco to his early departure from his friends and his labors. During the suinmor of 1864, which wos that in which ho loft us for a higher position, the cholera prevailed extensively in the city and among his own people ; and this circumstance made heavy demands upon him for pastoral labor. In that work he was ^^ instant in season and out of season," hastening to point the sick and dying to the only Saviour, and to ol)ey the apostolic injunction, and weep with those that wept. No doubt there are many who will always remember with gratitude and profit, the timely and kind condolences and counsels of that affectionate pastor. I am assured by a minister in Chicago, that Mr. Clark was not only respected and esteemed by his brethren in the ministry there, but that he was re- garded as the chief counselor, in whoso judgment they could safely confide, and whose advice was sought in every important enterprise. While his own charge received his first attention and regard, he was yet earnestly solicitous for the prosperity of the whole Church in which he was a minister; and every measure which promised to aid it in its holy purposes received his sanction and cooperation. Nor was his desire for usefulness confined within those bounds. He was ready for every good word and work by OARRETT BTBLIOAT. INflTITUTK. 251 1, and, of departure 18 that in iie cholera ig his own 'y domandB ork he was laBtoning to iour, and to ) witli those ) will always 3 timely and , affectionate go, that Mr. cmed by his it he was ro- 3S0 judgment advice was While his own •ogard, he w^as y of the whole r; and every holy purposes Hor was his those hounds. and work by which the bofit IntorofltH of the commnnity could ])o promoted. He was a true philantliropint, and the world was none too wide for his do«ires, nor the race too numerous or varied for liis eympathies. Were they white, red, or black, their wants and wooh found a ready response in the throbbings of his groat heart. It ought to 1)0 known, that the "Biblical Institute" at Evanston, near Chicago, is somewhat indebted to the Kev. John Clark for its existence. Mrs. Eliza Garrett, a wealthy widow of a late mayor of Chicago, was a member in Mr. Clark's charge. This excellent Christian lady formed the noble purpose of leaving a large property to some worthy institution of the Methodist Episcopal Church, the avails of which should be appropriated to aid our young ministers in acquiring the desired educational qualifications for their high and holy work. Tin's lady consulted her pastor, and sought his advice in relation to the object and mode of her beneficence ; and through his ad- vice and influence the "Garrett Biblical Institiite" was founded, with an endowment by that noble woman, of one hundred thousand dollars! Both the founder of this Institute and her adviser have gone to the world of rewards ; but the Institute will live to bless its thousands, even in coming generations, and it is fitting that both their names should be held in veneration. LIFE OP REV. JOHN OLARK. .'f.ll rl h\i\^ 1. 1 Tlicro may bo, nnd m, n illtloronco of opinion among good inoii and miniHtora in our Ciiurcli in relation to tliu utility ofHuch InstitutionH ; and tho writer IiaH no duMiro to ontor upon tho diHcuuMion of tlio Nubjoct. Huch diflcuHsion \n not in placo in thin work. HutHco it to say, that Mr. Clark was tho Htoady friend of education during liis wliolo lifo, and that ho had largo oxperionco in tho etruggloH of a youthful mind thirsting for knowledge, with nono to aid him, none to open tho fountain, and conduct him thither. IUa sharo in securing to tho West tho above-named insti- tute, is at least ovidenco of his strong dosiro for tho mental improvement and efficiency of tho ministry of our Church ; and it is for tho purporto of showing this that tho facts are recorded. Tliero is no doubt that such institutions may fail to bo useful ; nay, that they may become injurious. But that they mustf or willj prove hurtful, is more assump- tion, with no proof or probability to sustain it. Tho writer was once in company with several doctors and other divines, with only Rev. John Clark and him- self as tho representatives of Methodism. Tlio doctor . w^ho took tho lead in converaation, was at tho head of one of the old colleges in the empire state ; and this same doctor had, but a few days previously, ob- jected to all Methodist colleges and schools. Ho regarded it as our solo business to get tho people con- verted, and pass them over to others to be educated ! T 11 K 01.0010 A L SCHOOLS. 258 on ninoDg relation to iter hftH no \o Hu\>joct. i, Hutttco y friend of lat ho bftd iithfnl mind I \m\, nono iiithor. Hift named insti- osiro for tho tho minislry 5 of Bbowing IS may fail to ijurious. But mere assump- Btainit. Tho al doctors and ark and him- Tlio doctor as at tho head ^iro state; and previously, ob- schools. Ho ihe people con- bo educated! k. lie wnM luiMWored Honiowlmt uh ho deHorvod to bu nnsweroe a scholar, id brother to [lighter whom with them to Id by Brother Agard, he said, "It is all peace; I love God, I love the Church, I love all men." At eight o'clock P. M., a friend arrived from the East, whom he at once recognized, and inquired after her welfare. Ho then desired the pastor to lead in prayer once more, saying, "If there is no change for the better in an hour, I shall be in the spirit-land." He jo'ned fervently in the devo- tions, turned on his left side, placiijg 3iis hand un- der his head, took an affectionate lea^e, severally, of his family and friends, and calmly resigned his spirit to his God, "And ceased at once to work and live." The following infonnation is contained in a letter to Mrs. Clark, from aJr. Bartlett, the physician who attended upon Mr. Clark in his last illness. Although it contains some items which are recorded in the pre- ceding pages, yet I cannot do better than insert it in the language of the doctor : " Respected Madam, — In compliance with your request to state what occurred in my attendance upon your husband, during the lamentable attack which terminated his earthly labors, I ought to premise, that probably many words and wishes were uttered by the deceased, which as ' last words,' or as the sentiments of one holding his station of influence among his fellow-men, were indeed worthy of preservation, but which the lapse of time has left too feebly impressed upon my mind to secure the necessary accuracy in tlieir statement. And you also appreciate, that the 17 *t ji-jt JOHN CLARK. 'm^ incessant attention with wliicli it was necessary for nio to watch his symptoms, and administer medicine, rendered me not a very close observer of his language, except as it might address me, or serve as a clew to the progress of his disease. Therefore many things, in which I was not personally or professionally interested, no doubt escaped me. " On the 9th July, 1854, your son called me to his father, on account of an attack of dysentery, from which ho was partially recovering. On my arrival he stated the particulars concerning his illness: of his having been under t-iC care of Dr. Smith, of Chicago, for dysentery ; of his leaving the city very reluctantly, at the urgent request of his friends — reluctantly, on account of the importance of his duties there. But he conceded that it was best that he should, for a few days, retire to the bosom of his family here. He informed me that he had been subject to these attacks of dysentery, after which he usually lingered, more or less, with a mucous diarrhoea, which he considered to be his present condition. "'Now, understand me, doctor,' said he, 'I consider the dysentery to be cured; but I am now suffering my usual sequel — a very slight mucous evacuation. I am out of medicine, and thinking a change of prescription might be advisable, I pre- ferred to have you call and examine my case. Perhaps I might get along without more medicine, but I cannot affbrd to lose time unnecessarily ; and so, doctor, I want you to cure me up, so that I can get back to my work, in Chicago, next Wednesday. What do you say, doctor, can I return to Chicago on Wednesday next ?' "After a careful grouping of his symptoms, I saw nothing specially discouraging ; and^ endeavored to clearly penetrate the case in reference to the stealthiness which sometimes marks the approach of cholera. I therefore expressed the necessity of caution, in returning to Chicago too soon. I suggested that, in the energy with which I supposed he devoted himself to his calling, he might not, if he returned so soon, give suitable con- ACCOUNT OF Dll. BAllTLETT. 259 Q to watch not a very Iress me, or efove many f interesteil, 19 father, on was partially ^ concerning 3r. Smith, of y reluctantly, ,n account of ,ed that it was tn of his family these attacks ) or less, with a jsent condition. i consider the ring my usual ,ut of medicine, idvisahle, I pve- ^erhaps I might brd to lose time me up, so that nesday. What ednesdaynext?' I saw nothing ly penetrate the times marks the [he necessity of iggested that, in . himself to his ive suitable con- sideration to the bodily wear whicli sickness had imposed upon him. He replied by quoting, 'What thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might ;' and again expressed the desire to be at Ills post as soon as practicable. "I called again in the afternoon, and found him with every indication of true convalescence : in no pain ; his mind clear, and disposed to cheerful conversation. And after again endeavoring to satisfy myself that there was no danger from the prevailing scourge, and giving suitable instructions, I left him. " In a somewhat lengthy conversation which I had with Mr. Clark during this day, I found his mind stored with an extensive and varied knowledge, well arranged for a useful and active life. And I was especially surprised by the extent and accuracy of his observations on the laws of life and health ; which I noticed the more, because I liavo thought they were too apt to be over- looked and despised by those who are mainly devoted to the spiritual education of mankind. " Monday, July 10th, I called in the morning, and found Mr. Clark improving, lie thought, as I also did, that he would soon be off the sick list ; and he oguin spoke confidently of returning to Chicago by the time specified. Some remarks, however, about himself, awakened my apprehensions of the possibility that the cholera virus might still be lurking in his system; and I questioned him so closely that he perceived the drift of my thoughts, and playfully remarked: "'Don't be afraid of the cholera, doctor; I am not the least afraid of having it : I have been in the midst of more cholera than you have, and know all about it. I have none of the symptoms of cholera ; so set your minJ at rest on that score.' "My mind was not, however, at ease, until I had stayed by him several hours, and watched all the indications that could be drawn out; and especially in hope to see the character of his alvine evacuations. But finding nothing to justify my mmi I" :.f.'l! ,-' i! Mutiny. i|- r \lf't UEV. JUllN CLAltK. onxiety un thii4 uccount, I (ulininiHtered m liis ctiso indicated, and loft liitn. I tliink I did not see liiin again that day ; bnt learned that he continued to improve, and slept well at night, without any disturbance from the bowels. " Tuesday morning I was sent for, and hnrried to h'm, only to find an attack of the cholera of intense severity. At about seven o'clock this morning he experienced an urgent tenesmus and rumbling in the bowels, and arose, and went out. lie had not returned to the house many minutes before it was necessary to retire again. On both occasions there were excessive watery evacuations, which, after fourteen or sixteen hours of complete quiet, were too ominous to be neglected. On my arrival his vomiting was also very frequent ; yet, from a survey of all the circumstances, I believed I might, with the Divine blessing, yet rescue him. I therefore did not name his disease to any one at that time. This belief seemed to be justified ; for, under the action of medicines which have been attended with remarkable success in such cases, at half past eleven o'clock A. M., his vomiting and purging had ceased. A little past noon I discovered premonitions of the cramping stage ; and though to the friends '^resent he seemed to be improving, I thought he was conscious of an internal change; and he for the first time asked this question : " ' Doctor, what do you call my disease ?' I suppose lie saw some hesitation in my manner, and he continued : ' I am prepared for any announcement. It will not excite me at all ; not in the least. I am prepared to go whenever I am called ; tell me ; I promise you I shall be calm.' I answered his question. 'Do you think,' said he, 'that I can recover?' I informed him that probabilities were against him. As I said this, he turned over on the couch, and said, in gentle tones, ' I knew it. Thank God, I am pre- pared; my work is done sooner than I expeclted. "Henceforth there is laid up for me a crown of righteousness.' " ACCOUNT OP DR. BARTLETT. 261 " For Bevoral minutos after this, silcnco rcignod in tho liouso- liold, whilo lio evidently communed wit. i his Maker by mental pmyer. lie then took hold of yonr hand, as you wore reclining over him, and convorsyd with you. Then turning his eyes upon mo, and seizing my hand very warmly, as I approached him, ho said: • " ' I hoped to be soon with my people again, but God wills otherwise ; his will be done. I have nothing to fear.' " lie also spoke of the preciousness of religion, and passed pome words with friends, which I did not distinctly hear, or am unable to recall. " Mr. Clark called for his son, who had, by my advice, retired for a little rest ; also for Mr. George Waterman, who was sent fur, and soon arrived. He desired hia son to write to some friends, while he dictated. " After this he dictated tho substance of other writings to Mr. "Waterman. These writings occupied perhaps three hours, at the close of whic'li he was wearied, but not exhausted. He then set- tled into a quidt state for half an hour, when a warm, copious perspiration broke out upon his body, such as I have seen to bo tho precursor of recovery ; and from this circumstance I allowed myself to hope that his disease would be conquered. ''At this time he again conversed in short sentences with his friends, though in a whisper. He said to me : " ' Doctor, I don't know the state of yoi;r heart ; but let me recommend you to seek Jesus.* " Again, a little later, he said : ' I am safe tl ough the atoning blood of Christ.' " It was, however, with great effort that he could speak, even in whispers; and he did not often make the attempt. Two houre before dissolution, he passed into a state of partial collapse, from which there is no recovery. He was conscious of his state, and whispered his knowledge of it, and without doubt retained his m\i II m 262 LTFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. BCiiHCA to tlio InHt. A fow iiiinutcH befuro lio breathed bis last, lie wliisporcd \n my ear, ns I placed it cIoho to bis moutb, ' It will soon bo over; but mydearliedeoincr willgowithmo through the valley of the shadow of death.' "In conclusion, niadain, I regret the mengeruess of my account of an event so sodly interesting to your heart, ond hope tbat from your own memory, and from the recollection of the friends I)resent, you may collect the most of whot transpired during tbnt solemn scene which deprived you of a faithful companion, and the public of an earnest Christian laborer. "Respectfully yours, "A. R. Babtlett. " Aurora, February 27, 1836." Tims died this good man, so suddenly yet safely, on the eleventh day of July, 1854, aged fifty-seven years. His body was carried to tuo grave the next day, and consigned to its resting-place in the Aurora Cemetery, to await the resurrection of the just. The funeral services were attended on the next Sabbath, at the Methodist Episcopal Church in Aurora. Tiie sermon was delivered by Rev. J. "W". Agard, to a large and sympathizing audience, from the appro- priate words of the Psalmist : ''''Mark the perfect man, and hehold the upright, for the end of that man is peaeeP This was followed by an address by Rev. J. V. Watson, editor of the Northwestern Christian Advocate, embracing a sketch of the life and labors of the deceased. riTNERAI, SERMON. 268 A funeral Bcrmoii was alHO preached in the Clark- street Cliurcli, of which tlio deceased was pastor, by liis old and highly-esteemed friend, Kev. J. Sinclair, at that time presiding elder of Chicago District, fn»m 2 Timothy iv, 7, 8. Tliis was followed by an address from Rev. J. V. AVatson, who gave an analysis of the character of Mr. Clark. Tlio audience was large, and the occasion one of intense interest. A Church in mourning for a beloved pastor is a spectacle which has few paral- lels. Long will that pastor live in the hearts of his people I Tlio nature of the disease, and its rapid progress, precluded much which, under other circumstances, would have rendered the death scene peculiarly in- teresting. But while it is painfully pleasant to treasure up the sayings of good men, uttered in view of the slow, but steady approach of death ; and while such words may be useful in teaching ns how to die, they are not indispensable, even to the comfort and assurance of surviving friends ; and the case before ns needs them not beyond the brief ones recorded. The suddenness of this death, together with its attend- ant evidences of the readiness of the departing one, renders it eloquent in warning, and " very full of comfort " to his many and affectionate friends. '\ I " How many fall as sudden, not as safe." ■, I '!*r';.i ' i 264 LTPE OP REV. JOTTN OLABK. CHAPTER XXL CONCLUDING CHAPTER. Mr. Clark's porsomil A ppodrniipc — Mr. Cliirk «w u Friond mul roin- pdnlon — HIh Piety — Mr. Cliirk a« u Piwtor mul Pri-oclier — An a MlBsionnry — A« a PrcHidiiiK KUlcr — As a iMnMatur — As a HuHbwnd nnd Father — Conclusion. And now, reader, wo have i .lowed John Clark from his infancy to his grave, covering a period of fiftynseven years; wo have seen liim in child- hood, poor, toiling, but cheerful; wo have marked his early conviction for sin, and his youtliful de- votion to God; wo have traveled with him from the tan-yard to the circuits, stations, and districts, and traced his course as the red man's friend, across rivers, bays, and lakes; we luxve measured some of his long journeys through forests, ovei* prairies, and across the portages which lay in his course; we have marked the progress of the fatal disease, and lingered round his dying couch, and listened to his whispered words of faith and hope ; wo have sympathized with his weeping charge and his desolated family. It now remains for us to take a brief survey of the man in his various relations and characteristics. ins rKRSONAT, APPKAUANCF. 265 In his j)ertiuty hnvo lod hini to ado])t tho Nonti- nient referred tt)? TIub is certainly more charitaMo than tiio opposite conclusion, and I am inclined to think it is much more probably true. I would nnich Hooner take the oven and nscful tenor of a minister's life, a8 evidoiice of deep piety, than the more declarations of his lips. When I trace the course of n preacher of the (iospel throu«?h thirty-four consecutive years, and always find him about his Master's business, his spirit ever kind and sweet; when I find him chcerfidly devoting the most of those years to the hardest and mor.t self- sacnficing toils to which a minister can be called, and when I find the blessing of the Lord attending his labors, I am constrained to believe that he is endowed with no ordinary degree of piety. Tliese, rather than shibboleths, I regard as indubitable prool's. As a pastor, he was excelled by few. I include in this idea something more than a mere religious visitor, though pastoral visiting is an important part of ministerial duty. In this ho was by no means deficient. The author was Mr. Clark's neighbor in the city of Albany, N. Y., in 1848 I' 268 LIFE OF 11E\. JOHN CLARK. h'-;l tl II' ippose that he was wanting in domestic qualities and sympathies. But he loved a qniet home, in the bosom of a loving family, as well as other men. When absent from home, '''i, 'o^m- u 274 LIFE OF REV. JOHN CLARK. .tl>:1 assigned him, bis mind turned toward his little family, and his letters breathed the spirit of afifection, while his prayers were fervently offered to their common Father in behalf of "the loved ones at home." Mi's. Clark had long been an invalid, suffering greatly from a severe nervous affection ; and it had been the desire and study of her husband to secure that quiet and rest which the case seemed to demand. It was his custom to consult her in all matters re- lating to their temporal condition, and to adjust them in accordance with her desires. Before con- senting to acquiesce in the desire of the brethren of the Kock River Conference, to become a member of that body, he laid the case before Mrs. Clark, assuring her that he would take no step in advance of her consent and choice. In all his home inter- course, I am assured that he was actuated by that spirit of kindness and affection which rendered him so estimable in the view of all his intimate friends. As a father^ he was all that could be desired. "When his little daughters were taken away, the one at Plattsburgh, and the other at Sault Ste. Marie, he felt and wept like a father, and to his surviving son he was the faithful and tender parent to the last. Tliat son, in a letter to the author. Bays : " My duties, which are unusually taxing, and to •"' DOMESTIC CHAltACTER. 276 whoso faithful perforraanco the dying advice and sacred memory of my dear father are summoning me, have not allowed me time to write as I would desire; and even now I have but a moment that I can call my own, so that I cannot speak as I would like to of the feelings I experienced at my father's death, and of some of the thoughts and recollections which are often, in consequence of it, awakened in my mind." > .. "I wish I could now tell you what I think of my dear father^ as it respects all the elements which made up his character. During the latter years of his life the most perfect confidence existed between us, and there was no man in whose society I half so much delighted. He admitted me to all his plans and purposes, and shared with me many of his inmost feelings. Few can imagine how I felt when I saw that he was gone I" But had he no faults? Doubtless he had, for he was a man; but they were very few compared with his many excellences. And if the writer and reader should unite in an effort to discover and drag them to light, it is believed that neither their number nor magnitude would repay the search. Some men, who began their career under cir- cumstances similar to those which surrounded him, have excelled in some things. One became a riper scholar, anotlier amassed immense wealth, and yet ■ill 1 «' 276 LIFE OP REV. JOHN CLARK. !< . ' another led powerful and victorious armies to " the field of blood," and eacli has received his reward ; but small is the number of those who have toiled more bravely, or endured more patiently, or lived more circumspectly, or blessed the race more ex- tensively than John Clark. - All who knew him will subscribe to the re- mark of a clergyman of another denomination who formed his acquaintance, » '(, 1 , : !^^ " He was nature's nobleman." 1**. V THE END. : J i ;■! 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A., Incumbent of Christ's Church, Salford. With an Introduction, by Rev. D. Cubrt. IGmo., pp. 322. Price, 35 cents. An oxcoUent little volume, indicating its character in its title-page, and forcibly E resenting tho morality of the Gospel to the acceptance of men of business. There i so much In everyday life to call our thoughts away fromGod— so much to blunt our sensibilities to tho moral principles which should govern and direct every Christian man in all his intercourse with tho world, that a book like this cannot but be a most profitable companion for all who desire to be at Isst accepted in Christ Jesus. We welcome its appearance. For sale at tlie Methodist book ■tores generally.— J/i'i« to thn iiiofHl prtnciploA wlilrli Hlioiilii govern ami tllrcdt every ClirlHtliin man in all lilx IntcrnourHo with tlio wnrbl, that a t>ook llko IliU cannot but bo a mnnt prolltable companion for all who dc^irH to bo at lont acooiitrd lu ('lirlNt JcAMi*, Wo welcome iln appearance. Tor Halo at tho MuthoilUt book- Btorex i;**ncrally, — AMh, I't'otentiuit, TIiIh iH a work mnch wanted to earrv tho itnnctlty of the Habbnlh Into tho buHl> nvm of the week— to make rollKlon, with buninew* mon, nn over-proHont ami nll- pervadins principle. It l» well writtun, and highly edifying, hot it bo widuly ciroulutcd.— y'/^<«/>Mr(rA ChrUtiun Advocatr. The Life and Times of Bishop Heddini;. Life and Times of Rev, Kliiah Hcdding, D. I)., lute Senior IJishon of tho Methodist Kpiscopal Churcli. Ily Uev. D. W. Clark, U. D. With an Introduction, by Ucv. Bishop £. S. Janes. Fp. 080. Price, large 12mo., $1 50; 8vo., $2 00. The Temporal Power of the Pope. The Temporal Power of the Pope : containing tho Speech of the Hon. Jospjdi R. Chandler, delivered in tho House of Representatives of the United States, January 11, 1B55. With Nine Letters, stating tho pre- vailing Roman (Catholic Theory in the Language of Papal Writers. Uy John M'Clintock, 1). 1). 12mo., pp. 151. Price, 43 cents. Lust winter lion. Joseph R. Chandler, a Catholic, and Roprosentatlro In Con- gress ft-om Pennsylvania, being hard prosseo8so8.-y iu the languoKO of papal writers, forms tlio substanc- of this volume. 'i'\u-y wore prcporod in roforonce to tho speech of Mr. Chandler, dellv- eted at tl o lust k< ,sion of Conf^ress, and from the position and character of tho writer, as well a" trom his modu of treating the subject, ore eminently dosorv Ingof pub' i ; utt(>r lion. — iV. Y, Trilmne, Carlton v; I'lil lips. No. 200 Mulberry -street, New- York, have Just Issued a neat duodccinu) rolume of one hundred and flfty-four pages, with tho foregoing title. It needs not that wo say the work Is a most timely and masteily pro* ductlon. — WMtttrn Christian Advocate. i s^. ^^,^ <%"% i^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^/ J^.fit .V A K<^ n^^ \^ ^ 1.0 wo ^^ , uj |22 1.1 u l££ ^ U& 1^ iJi^ Uj6 <^ ^>, r % »* y c Photograpbi Sdences Coiporalion ^ 4^ V, ^ -A*^ «> ^ 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716)872-4503 '^ ^ 4^ NEW BOOKS, PUBLISHED BY CARLTON AND PORTER, 200 Mulberry-street, New-York. . FOR SALE ALSO BY J. P. MAGEE, 5 COMHILL, BOSTON, AND H. H. MATTESON, SENECA-STREET, BUPFALO. Bishop Baker on the Discipline. A Guide-Book in the Administration of the Discipline of the Methodist Episcopal Church. By Osmok G. Baker, D. D. 12mo., pp. 253. Price, GU cents. We arc glad this long-expected and much-desired book baa at length made Its ap- pearanco. Since the first announcement that such a book waa forthcoming, our ministry have looked for It with no little degree of Impatience as a sure aid to their right and bonefleial administration of Discipline. The title of this work, and the source f^om whence it was ftirnished, warranted such expectation. After a CHroful poronl of tho volume, we have no hesitancy in assertlns that the most san- guine of tbOM expectants will more than realize all they hoped for. We have hero strikingproof of that careful^atient Investigation which precedes all the decisions and protluctions of Bishop Baker. Our author has evidently made our " excel- lent oook of Disoipline" a subject of long and earnest study. For many yoam he has been making note of the decisions given in annual and General Confer- ences by his able predecessors in office, on dl difficult questions pertaining to our denominational administration. This result of bis labors Is an invaluable boon to onr ministry. No Methodist minister can well aiford to be withont it The possession of this volume will save our.^'t^tior preachers a great amount of study, much perplexity, and many troublesome errors. The clearness, conciseness, and evident correctness of this pruductlou are marvels of mentallnveetigation, acumen, and diseemment — Zioti'a I/erald. The Young Man Advised. The Young Man Advised : Illustrations and Confirmations of some of the Chief Historical Facts of the Bible. By E. 0. Havbn, D. D. 12mo., pp. 829. Price, 76 cents. Let no one suppose that we have hero a book of commonplace counsels to the young. The writer has seized upon some of the chief historical facts of the Bible, from which he has drawn illustrations, which he commends to the study and in- struction of his readers, and thus in a new and most striking form has conveyed great practical truths which can hardly fail to make a deep Impressiun upon the youthful mind. He displays no slight degree of research in his own studies, and the whole is clothed with such historical beauty as will charm while bis words will instruct the student —^ew- York ObMrver. This book differs trcm all others we have ever seen addressed to this class of readers. It plods not o'er the old beaten track of the numerous volumes bearing similar titles. Its design is to fortify the young against the assaults of infidelity, never perhaps more generally, more craftily, or more insidiously made than now. In prosecuting this design it presents the greatest leading fiicts of the Bible, con- firming them by the most conclusive evidence, historical and philosophical, -•roving bevond all controversy the superhuman, the divine origin of the Word f Ood. This volume has none of that cold, stiff, dry argument which has char- acterized similar productions, repelling the young from their perusal. Dr. Haven's method of defending the ''book of books" has a novelty about It whioh must hold the attention of every young man who commences the perusal of bis work. His style and diction ire of such a character as invest a powerfully argumentative treatise with all the charms of a "well-told tale." If this book does not sell extensively, and do immense good, the author is not at firalt We commend it to parents who would save their sons f^om moral wreck. Let pas* tors Join issue with parents in scattering this potent antagonist to Uie infldell^ of the times. ZB!fK>—Zion'a Herald, ■»*--• ^i NEW BOOKS. Arthur in America. AddresseB delivered in New- York bv Rev. Wm. Arthur, A. M. With a Biographical Sketch of the Autuor. Also, the Address of Bev. Dr. Adams at the Broad wav Tabernacle. *' To {^t, to keep, to give." With a portrait. Edited by W. P. Stbickland, D. D. Carlton 4 Phillips. Price 65 cents. A most Intoresting and Instructive volume. The claims of syatmuttle benevo- lence are forcibly urgad. The wants of Ireland are set fortli with great eloquence. The speech of Dr. Adams is rofrosblng, emanating as It does flrom an eminent divine in one Church advocating a great evangelical enterprise in another com- munion.— <6buM«r» diristian Advocate. Revised History of the Bible Society. History of the American Bible Society. Revised and brought down to the present time. 8vo., 500 pages. By Wiluah P. Stuokiand, D. D. Harper & Brothers. Strickland's Biblical Literature. A Manual of Biblical Literature. 404 pages. The work is divided into nine parts, treating severally of Biblical Philology, Biblical Criticism, Biblical Exet^csls, Biblical Analysis, Biblical Aroh»ology, Biblical Ethnography, Biblical History, Biblical Chronology, and Biblical Oeogra- pby. This enumeration will suffice to show the extent of the range of topics embraced in this volume. Of course they are treated summarily ; but the very design of the author was to prepare a compendious manual, and he has suc- ceeded QxaeWeMy.— Methodist Qwirterly Beview. Christianity Demonstrated By Facts drawn from History, Prophecy, and Miracles- Price $1. Sketches of Western Methodism. By WnjjAM P. Stbicklakd, D. D. Muslin, 80 cents. By Rev. James B. Finlet. pages. Price $1. With a likeness of the " Old Chief." 6G0 This highly popnljir work, embracing a history of Methodism in the Great West fk-om Its IntroduccTon toward the close of the eighteenth century, with a descrip- tion of the toils and sacrifices of the early pioneers, by one who was himself an actor in the scenes, and containing graphic sketches of many of the lives of the most prominent In the field of Itinerant labor, with many Incidents of thrilling Interest In relation to backwoods life, has already, within a space of less than two years, reached a sale of seventeen thousand. Whoever wants a reliable history of life and manners In the West will be interested in reading this book. Light of the Temple. ^ By WnxuH P. Stbiokland. Price 75 cents. Astrologers of Chaldea; Or, the Life of Faith. By Whjjam P. Stbickiakd. Price 75 oenti. i! PUBLISHED BY CARLTON & PORTER. 200 Mulberry-street, New-Tork. Smdth's Sacred Annals. Saorrd Annals : or, Reseorchea into the History and Religion of Man* kind. By Qrorgb Smith, F. S. A., M. R. S. L., etc. In throe large volume!. Each volume ia complete in itself, and may he had scpa* rately. 8vo. Prioe 17 00 Vol. I. The Patriarchal Aoe: or, tho History and Religion of Mankind, fy-om tho Creation to tho Doath of Isaac: deduced from tho WrIllngHof Moses, and other Inspired Authors ; and Illustrated by copious References to the Ancient Records, Traditions, and Mythology of the Heathen World. Vol. II. The Hebhrw Pkople: or, tho History and Religion of the Israel- ites, from tho Urlaiu of tho Nation to the Tlmo of Christ : deduced fToni tho Writings of Moses, and other Inspired Authors; and illustrated by copious Uclbrunces to tho Ancient Records, Traditions, and Mythology of the Heathen World. Vol. III. The Qemtile Nations: or. tho History and Religion of the Egypt- ians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Mcdes, Per°!ans, Oreeka, and Romans; col- lected flrom Ancient Authors and Holy Scripture, and Including tho recent Discoveries in Egyptian, Persian, and Assyrian Inscriptions: forming a complete Connexion of Sacred and Profane History, and showing the Ful- filment of Sacred Prophecy. Mr. Smith haa, in his Sacred Annals, made a valuable contribution to the literature of the Christian evidences, as well aa of ancient history. . . . The third volume presents as complete and dear a view of tho religious systems of the great Gentile nations of antiquity as can bo prepared from existing records.— (Xotulon) Literary Qcuutte, Mr. Smith has achieved a great work. . . . We praise tho book as an ox- ceedlngly important addition to the class of literature to which it belongs. It supplies a great want, and suppllrs it Ailly. — {London) Chriitian Wit- nut. StrioMand^ii jBihliedl Literature. A Manual of Bibucal Literatube. By Wquam P. Stbiok- LAND, D. D. 12mo., pp. 404. Mtudin. tO 80 The work is divided into nine parts, treating severally of Biblical Philology, Biblical Criticism, Biblical Exegesis, Biblical Analysis, Biblical Archaeology. Biblical Ethnography. Biblical History, Biblical Chronology, and Biblical Oeography. This enumeration will suffice to show tho extent of tho range of topics embraced in this volume. Of course they are treated summarily : but the very des'gn of the author was to prepare a compendious manual, and he has sujccedcd excellently.— JfcModttt Quarterly Bevkio, Memoir of JRev. S. B. Bangs. The Youno Minister : or, Memoirs and Remains of Stephen Beekman Bangs, of the New-York East Conference. By W. H. N. Maobudbb, M. A. With a Portrait. 12mo., pp. 888. Miulin $0 70 Thero are some classes who may derive peculiar profit from a study of this book. Young ministers of the gospel may deduce (Tom it the elements of a happy and prosperous professional career. Students may be led to inquire closely into their duty, and may be prepared conscientiously to decide whether or not Ood is calling them to the responsible work of the Chris- tian ministry. Parents may see the efibct of a careAiI and rigid and truly kind training of their children. And finally, all may be stimulated to » holy life by the enei:getio and eloquent discourses that follow.— iiev. E. O. BOOKS PUBLISHED BY CARLTON & PORTER, 200 Mulberry-street, New-York. ^Man- large sopa* Townley's Illustrations of Biblical Literature. Illustrations of Biblical Literature : exhibiting the History and Fote of the Bncred Writings from the earliest Period to the present Cen- tury; including Biographical Notices of Translators and otltcr emi- nent Biblical Scholars. By Jaheb TowMiiEY, U. 1). 8vo., 2 voli., pp. 1206. Sheep $3 00 Tin* ieork forma part of the courte ofttudy adopted by the lait General Con- ference. Tlieio ample volumes comprise a rich fund of instructive and pleasing infor- mation on the subject of sacred biograptiy. They have been compiled from a groat variety of publications, many of them inscceiifiible to the generality of readers, and some of thorn of extreme rarity. . . . The industry and accuracy of Dr. Townley will entitle his volumes to the approbation of the critic and tlie patronage of the public. They afford a more compre- hensive view of the progress of Biblical translations, and of the literal y and ecclesiastical history of the Holy Scriptures, than Is to b« found in any other woric. — {London) Eclectic Revievi. Dr. Townley's Illustrations are essential to every good library ; and to all pei'Nons who are desirous to attain an adequate and a correct acquaint- ance with the literature and the learned men of times gone by. — Chrirtian Intelligencer. Fhineral Discourse on Mrs. Garrettson. Life Inexplicable, except as a Probation. A Disconrse delivered in the Methodist Episcopal Chnrch, Rhinebeck, New-York, July 16th, 1849, at the Funeral of Mrs. Catherine Garrettson. By Stefhek Ch:.iir, D. D. 18mo., pp.64. Paper covers $0 10 MnBlin 016 It is characterized by the ivell-known ability of the preacher. The discus- sion of the probationary character of life is an ablo argument, and the portraiture of Mrs. Garrettson one of the noblest we have met with.— Zion't Herald. Young on the World's Conversion. Bnggestions for the Conversion of the World, respectfnlly submitted to the Christian Church. By Rev. Robeet Youno. 18mo., pp. 146. Mndin $0 80 Mr. Young's object is to promote the exert bin. LL. D., of Hull College, England. William M'Keiidbbb, by Kov. B. 8t. J. Fry. John Emort, by John M'Clintock, D. D. Robbrt R. Rob- BRTs. by J. Floy, D. D. Elijah Heddino, by the Rev. M. L. Boudder, A. M. John Fletohbb, by the Rev. J. D. Ilagany, A. M. Febbbobm Oabbbtt- BON. WilbubFibk, byRov. ProfemorO. H.TIffliny, A.M. Noah Lbvinob, by D. W. Clark, D. D. Btephbn Olin, by J. Floy, D. D. Geoboe Fickebino, and JABB9S BcDTiNO, D. D., hy Rev. Abel Btevena. An engraved )x>rtrait accompanlefl each eketch. The llluntratlonBare: Epworlh Church; Ep* worth Rectory; Charter-House; OldFoundery; First Mothodtst Church in Ohio; MethodlBt Book Concern; Madeley Church; the Houae in which Fletcher waa born ; Pickering's Mansion ; Wealeyan Theological Institute, Richmond, England ; ita Entrance Hall and Principal Staircase ; and a fine engraving of the New-England Conference, assembled in the old Bromfleld- Btreet Church, Boston. The Lamp cmd the Lcmt&m. Thc Lamp and thb Lantbiui: or. Light for the Tent and the Trav- eller. By James Hauiltok, D. D. ISmo., pp. 208. Modin. $0 28 A lerieB of eloquent lectures and essays, mostly hortatory, in Dr. Hamilton'! best vein, on subjects connected with the reading and propagation of the Bible. Switzerlcmd. SWITZEBLAND ; HISTORICAL AHD DsSOBIFmn. 18ino., pp. 214. XtuOin $0 84 Part I. Bitt4)rieal: The Dim Distance— Seeds of Nationality— Heroism and Independence— The Refbrmation— Wars of Religion— A Long Peace — Overthrow and Reatoration. Part II. IkteripHve: Nature— Art— Society. Zives of the Popes. The Lives of the Popes. From A. D. 100 to A. D. 18S8. From the London Edition. 12mo., pp. 806. Xndin $0 80 We take pleasure in placing the work before American readers in a more con* venient form than that of its first publication, and trust that it will be extensively perused by young and old throughout our land. No nation ought to be better acquainted than ours with the history of the Popes, and the system of religion of which they are acknowledged heads ; for none has more to fear from the movements of Romanists. There la no work extant, to our knowledge, that covers the same ground. It gives in compendioua ibrm the history of the Papacy from fta very be- ginning down to the pontificate of Piua IX.— a kind of information which the American people stand much in need of Just novr.—MethodUt (iuarterlg Review. The work is well adapted to popular reading, and supplies a prevtois lack in the current literature of the age. — Cliritlian Witne$i. PUBLISHED BY CARLTON ft PORTER, 800 Knlberry-itreet, Hew-Tork. ■——■■I ■» ■■ ■ — ■ ■■—.,, ■,■■■,., -■ I- ■■■^-— . ■■ ■ ,m Father Beeves. Fathsr Rebtbb, tuk Mbthodiit Clam-lkadbr : a Brief Acconnt of Mr. William Reevea, thirty-four Years a Clus-leader in the Wea* leyan Methodist Society, Lambeth, England. lliiio., pp. 160. Miudiii $018 We sincerely thank Mr. Corderoy for this little Tolume, which cannot ftill of tieing perused with great advantage as an incentive to strict i)uno*.tt- allty, never-failing diligence, eminent devotedness, and fbrvent Christian ceal.— (Xondon) 8, S. Haehen' MagaMin*. The narrative presents one of the most interesting developments of the honest man, fearing Qod and working righteou'-nesH, that for a long time has come befbre us : a fine specimen of the best order of Methodism in its best period.— dHtftan Witntu. Let "Father Reeves" pass along through all our congregations; he will leave a blessing wherever he goes. It is Just the boolc to stir up the Church. A hundred thousand volumes should be scattered at once.— JSeo. A. Stnau. The Philosophy of Fa/ith. PUXLTSOFHT AMD PrAOTIC^ 09 FAITH. By LeWIS P. OUM. 18mo., pp. 858. MuUn $0 65 Vkvs I. A General View of Faith— Pure, Simple, or Intellectual Faith- Practical, Relying, or Saving Faith— The Unity of Faith— A Living Faith and a Dead Faith— Unbelief the Native Condition of the Mind— Walk by Faith— The Three Antagonisms of Faith— Faith and Works— Increase and Diminution of Faith. Pabt II. Ancient and Modem Faith compared— Faith of Nations— Con- grogational Faith— Faith of the Christian Ministry— Prayer and Faith- Faith of the Cloister— Faith of Active Llfb— Faith of the I({norant— Faith of the Young— Faith in Prosperity— Fao Mosaic narrative. — Chwrek-of- England Quarterly Reoiew. The work is a monument of patience, Industry, and research. — Biblical Rev. The announcement that such subjects have been ably and thoroui^hly dis cussed by a man of Mr. Smith's erudition, candour, critical skill, Scrip- tural knowledge, and Integrity, will induce many of our readers to purchase the volume, and peruse it attentively. We can assure them that they will be amply repaid.— VWt Briton. The work supplies a desideratum in sacred literature. We can stronglv recom- mend it to all who are desirous of thoroughly undeistanding the history of the Bible. — Irish Ecclesiastical Journal. The present work is one of great merit, not only in a literary point of view, but also as an exposition of many passages of human history which are exceedingly obscure, and upon which much learned speculation has bceu expended.- christian Advocate and Journal. Mr. Smith has Ktir ceeded in presenting to the Bible student a volume which it would be dilCcult to surpass in interest and value. — Evangelical Chris' tenddftn. Miller's German Missions. Origin and Progress of the German Missions in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Including an Account of the Christian Experience of some of the Converts from Popery and Infidelity, as furnished by themselves. By Rev. Adah Miller, German Missionary. 18mo., pp. 849. Kiulin f 80 BOOKS PUBLISHED BY CARLTON ft PORTER, 800 Mvlberry-itreet, Ntw-Tork. Hodgson's Polity of Methodism. The EooIesiMtlcal Polity of Methodism defended : a Rcftitatlon of eeii«Iii Objection! to the HyHtcm of Itintironcy in the Methodiii EpiMoiwl Church. By F. UoDosoir, D. D. ISma, pp. 182. MuUn tOSO '* Polity of MethodUm" is the title of a amall Tolume, fh>in the pen of Dr. Hodgson, In defence of the itinerant system of Methodism egslnst the olijoctions chiefly of Congregatioiialists. It U written with his usual acute- iioHH and force, and demonstratively proves that changes In the ministry, as involved in our itinerant syHtcm, are attended with fewer practical dlfll- culties than Congregationalism or Presbyterianism. The work Is worthy of a wide circulation. We shall give ample extracts from It hereafter.— lion's Herald, Wesley's {John) Journal. The Joamal of the Rev. John Wesley : beinff a Record of hit TraTelt imd Labours fi:om 1735 to 1790, a Period of ufty-fiTe Years. 8vo., 2 ToLi., pp. 1488. 8he«p 18 20 Theie volumea form the most valuable history of early Methodism. The *' Journals " of the founder of Methodism are an uncommon treasury of sound learning and just criticism, and of records concerning the gracious Influence of God on ministerial labours unprecedented and unparallelod.- I)R. Adam Cuabkb. Crane's Essay on Dancing. An Essay on Dancing. By Rev. J. TownletCravb, of the New-Jersey Conference. 18mo., pp.180. Kniliii tO 80 The author of this little book deserves the thanks of the public. His work Is a serviceable antidote for an evil which tlireatens much injury to the Church, and to all good society. Danciii)^ is a nuisance, and is so esteemed by all reflecting minds. — Nortlum Christian Advocate. Barr's Bible Index and Dictionary. A Complete Index and Concise Uictionaiy of the Holy Bible : in which the various Persons, Places, and Subjects mentioned in it are accu- rately refeiTed to, and difficult Words briefly explained. Designed to facilitate the- Study of the Sacred Scriptures. Revised from the third Glasgow edition. By the Rev. John BAnn. To which is added, a Chronology of the Holy Bible, or an Account of the most Renutfk- able Passages in the Books of the Old and New Testaments, pointing to the time wherein they happened, and to the Placet of Scripture wherein they are recorded. 12mo., pp.210. Sheep $0 45 This work Is Intended not only to assist unlearned readers in understanding tlie language of the Bible, but chiefly in readily turning to the places where every topic of information comprised in it occurs. Truly a choice companion for tho Biblical student. No one who has aver read it will readily consent to dispense with it.— CAriihoii Advoeatt mU Journal. BOOKS PUBLISHED BY CARLTON & PORTER, 900 Xvlberry-ftroet, New-Tork. » « ^ > » ' Womnn of the Bible. Tbe Wonea of th« Bible. liy Chakuis Adami. Umo.,pp.8M. Moilln 10 «0 Jt^r. Oharlei Adftini liu vAmtA U> writo % Mlwr, tUthfUl book, kMpHg hU ova upon rocorded flicU and Incidonta, Mid rMinlnlDg all undiM iImumcI th« Imkglualloo.— CAHiltoM AdvvoaU and Jiimnul. la thii book, the author hM lought to contemplate woman preoliely aa tbe lDii)lrod pen haa reproMntod Iter, m Ikr a« iho haa ariaen to view in the divine hiatory ofOoa'a providential and gradeuadlepeniationa to mankind, and ao Air aa that iwn may have akotohed more didactloaily her tme poat% Uon and dutlea.— JnlrodiMlfon. Peeps at Nature. Peepe at Nature; or, God'i Work and Man'b Wanto. With Illua- trationi. ISiBO., pp. 596. MotUn $060 It la an intoroatlng production fur the tender mind, bealdea being a beautlfiil book fur a gill. 1 lovo auch booka. They bring the child'a mliid la aweet and reverent communing* with nature'a Ood.— Rkv. F. 0. UxsaAkD. A very fine Bunday-aetaool book. These oonveraationa on natural acionoe oontain all the rudlmenta of natural theulogy, and yet In a atylo ao clear and ao aimple, aa to captivate the Juvonllo mind.— AbrMem ChHitian Adv. Tho whole have tbo aamo deaign, to lUrnlah intereating information on natural aoienoo to tbe young.— Xonden ChM't Cvmptmim, Roland Rand. ; Roland Rand ; or, God'a Poor. By Mas. 0. M. Edwabos. With Illaa- trations. ISmo., pp. 181. XasUn $0 16 We have road It with great profit idd delight, and wo think that he who can read it without foeling pron.;)ted to nobler action, and without moiatened eyea, baa but little generoua emotion or philanthropy.— /(Mior;