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23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. M580
(716) 872-4503
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THE WILLUGHBY SOCIETY.
FORSTER'S
ANIMALS OF HUDSOiYS BAY
EDITED BY
PHILIP LUTLEY SCLATER, M.A., Ph. D, F.R.S.
LOND.ON:
1882
I
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PRINTED BY C, J. CI,AV AND -SON,
AT THE UNIVERSITY I'RKS:,.
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PREFACE.
.«
^
The present essay, reprinted from the sixty-second
volume of the "Philosophical Transactions," was, like
the " Faunula Americana," no doubt written by Forster
during his temporary residence in this country before his
departure with Cook on his second voyage.
The circumstances which led to its preparation are
explained in the following paragraph, which is attached
to the corresponding paper on the Quadrupeds of
Hudson's Bay (P/ii/. Trans. LXII. p. 370).
"Among the occasional advantages, which the observations
of the late Transit of Venus have procured, that of receiving
useful informations from, and settling correspondencies in,
several parts of the world, is not the least considerable.
From the factory at Hudson's Bay, the Royal Society were
favoured with a large collection of uncommon quadrupeds,
birds, fishes, &c., together with some account of their names,
place of abode, manner of life, uses, by Mr Graham, a gentle-
man belonging to the settlement on Severn River; and the
Governors of the Hudson's Bay Company have most obligingly
sent orders, that these communications should be from time to
time continued."
''The descriptions contained in the following papers were
prepared and given by Mr Forster, before his departure on an
expedition, which will probably open an ample field to the
most important discoveries."
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IV
rRKFACE.
Of the eight birds described and named as new by
Forster at the end of this memoir, six, according to the
most recent authorities on North American birds, are
entitled to remain under Forstcr's designation, namely,
Falco saar, Forst. Hierofako gyrfalco var. sacer (Forst.)
Strix ncbii/osa, Vox?,i.^Syrniiim ncbulosum (Forst.)
Embcriza Icucophrys, Forst. ^ Zonotrkhia kucophrys (Forst.)
Muscicapa stria fa, Forst. - Dcudncca striata (Forst.)
Parus /iiidsonic-iis, Forst. = Farus hudsoniais (Forst.)
Sfo/opax boreal is, Forst. = Numcnius boreal is (Forst.)
But it has been pointed out to me by Prof. Newton,
and, I think, correctly, that the species described by Forster
as FcTtko sacer is not the iVmerican form of Hierofako
gyrfako as commonly supposed, but Astur atricapilhis.
Of the remaining two species described in the Appendix,
Fringilla hudsonias of Forster is usually identified with
Jnnco Jiyemalis (Linn.), and his Anas nivalis with Anser
Ityperboreus (Pallas).
Falco spadiceus, shortly mentioned as a new species
in the first part of the memoir (p. 383), is commonly
referred to Circus hndsonins (Linn.).
P. L. S.
II. Il.ANdVKK SQI'ARK, LONDON, \V.
March 21J/, 1882.
c
^
,82
XXIX. An Account of the Birds sent from
Hudson's Bay; with Observations relative
to their Natural History ; and Latin De-
scriptions of some of the most u7tcommon.
By ]. R. Forstcr, F. R. S.
Read June i8 — 25, 1772.
I. Land-Birds.
j Accipitres
I Rapacious. Faun. Am. Sept.
I. Falco,) I. Columbarius. 128. 21. Pigeon Hawk.
Falcon.) Faun. Am. Sept. p. 9. Catesby L t. 3.
Epervier de la Caroline. Brisson L p. 378.
Severn river, N° 19.
This species is called 2l small-bir'd hawk 2X Hud-
son's Bay. It is migratory, arriving near Se-
vern River in May, breeding on the coast,
and then retiring to a warmer climate in
autumn. It feeds on small birds; and, on
the approach of any person, will fly in circles,
making a hideous shrieking noise. The breast
and
( ^ )
^»- "" "^ -
and belly are yellowish, with brown streaks,
which are not mentioned by the ornitho-
loi^ists, thou| 3 )
m
I 3^)4 I
nipcr tops, in summer on l;oosc- berries, rasp-
berries, currants, cranberries, Sec. They are
not miirratory, stayintr all the year at Moose
Fort ; they build their nests on dry (i^round,
hatch nine )'t)un^- at a time, to which the
mother clucks, as our common hen does ;
and on the least appearance of danger, or in
order to enjoy a comfortable de<^s i
l)rii\Lr th(,'m iimU-r the same species, for it is
known that the males of all the grous tribe,
and indeed of most of the {^gallinaceous birds,
are used to strut in a very stately manner, and
that the colours of their i)lumaj:je are much
more distind than those of the females. But
the specific difference alone, which Linneus
assigns to the cock of the wood, absolutely
excludes our Hudson's Bay species; he calls
it Tetrao pedibus hirsutis, cauda rotundata,
axillis albis. Whoever examines Mr. Ed-
wards's fi[^ure, and the specimens now in the
Society's possession, will find the tail very
short, but pointed, the two middle feathers
beintr half an inch longer than the rest, (Mr.
Edwards says two inches) and the axillae, or
shoulders, by no means white : besides this
difference, the colour and size of the Hud-
son's Bay bird are likewise vasdy different
from those of the cock of the wood. Its length
is 17 inches, its breadth 24, and, as Mr.
Edwards justly says, it is somewhat bigger
than the common pheasant. The great cock
of the wood is as big as a turky ; and
its female, which is much less, however
far exceeds our bird, it being 26 inches long,
and 40 broad. See British Zool. octavo,
p. 200. The figures given of the fe-
male of the T. Urogallus, or great cock of
the wood, in the Br. Zool. folio, plate M",
and the Blanche enluminee 75, will serve
upon comparison as a convincing proof of
the vast difference there is between the Hud-
son's Bay pheasant grous and the E uropean cock
E e e 2 of
( '5 )
■' I
[ 396 ]
of the wood. The figure, which Mr. Ed-
wards has given of the former bird, does not
exa6lly correspond with the Society's speci-
men, as he has represented the marks on
the breast half-moon shaped, though they
are heart-shaped as those on the belly in the
dried bird ; that is, they are white spots,
with a pale brownish yellow cordated brim.
Nor can I agree with Mr. Edwards, when
he calls this bird the long-tailed grous from
Hudson's Bay ; for its tail is really very short,
in comparison with that of other grouse, and
its smallness and acuteness afford one of the
most distinguishing chara6lers of the species.
The native Indians call these pheasant grouses,
Oc-kiss-cow : they are found all the year
long, amongst the small juniper bushes, of
which the buds are their principal food, as
also the buds of birch in winter, and all sorts
of berries in summer. They never vary their
colours ; nor is there any great difference be-
tween the male and female, except in the
caruncula or comb over the eye, which in the
male is an inch long, and f of an inch
high. The account from Albany Fort adds,
that the colour of the male is somewhat
browner, and almost a chocolate on the breast.
Their flesh is of a light brown, exceeding
juicy, and they are very plump. They lay
from 9 to 1 3 eggs ; their young can run al-
most as soon as they are hatched ; they make
a piping noise somewhat like a chicken. The
cock has a shrill crowing note, not very loud ;
I but
( 16 )
[ 397 ]
but when disturbed, or whilst flying, he makes
a repeated noise of cuck, cock. They are
most common in winter at Albany Fort.
Before I leave the genus of grouses, I must
observe that their feet have a peculiarity,
taken notice of by kw authors; the toes
m several species, have on each side a row
of short flexible teeth, like those of a comb;
so that the toes appear pedinated. The
species, which are known to have such peai-
nated toes, are,
1. The great Cock of the Wood, Te/rao
C/roj^a/lus, Linn.
2. The Black Cock, T. Tetrix, Linn.
3. I'be Spotted Grous, J T. Canadensis,
^^"^ \T.Canace,Ux,xi,
4- The Ruffed Grous, T. Umbcllus, Linn.
5. The Shoulder-knot Grous, T. Tomtits,
Linn.
6. The Pheasant Grous, T. Phasianellus.
7. The Hazel Hen, T. Bonasia, Linn.
8. The Pyrencx-an Grous, T. Alchata, Linn.
This is a circumstance, which ought to be at-
tended to in all other species of grouses, as it
may in time afford a distinguishing charader
for a division in this great genus ; the ptar-
migan, or r. Lagopns, Linn, is without these
teeth.
IV. Co-
( 17 )
..m
f.'
L 398 ]
IV.
K I
[ Columbae.
I Columbine. Faun. Am. Sept.
7. CoLUMBA, ] 19. Migratoria. 285. 36. Migratory
Pigeon, j Pigeon. Catesb. I. 23. Kalm II.
p. 82. t. Passenger Pigeon, Faun. Am, Sept. 11.
Severn River, N° 63. Wood-pigeon.
These pigeons are very scarce so far northward as
Severn river, but abound near Moose-fort, and
further inland to the southward. Their com-
mon food are berries and juniper buds in
winter ; they fly about in great flocks, and
ar^ reckoned good eating. This account is
confirmed by Kalm in his travels (English
edition) Vol. II. p. 82 and 311. They hatch
only two eggs at a time, and their nests are
built in trees. Their eyes are small and black,
the irides yellow, the feet red : the neck fine-
ly glossed with purple, brighter in the male.
They weigh 9 ounces.
V.
f Passeres.
Passerine. Faun.
Am. Sept.
p {
8. Alauda. "I20. Alpestris. 289. 10. Klein, Hist, of
Lark. J Birds, 4to. p. jt^. Shore Lark, Faun.
Am. Sept. 12. Catesb. I. 32.
Albany F'ort, N° 6.
This species is indifferendy described by Linneus,
who says that all the tail-feathers on their in-
ner web are white, [rcHricibus dimidio in-
teriore albis) ; though it does not appear that
he saw a specimen of it himself. Both the
quill
( '8 )
i!
l?V
399 ]
quill and tail-feathers are dusky, and in both
the outermost feather only has a white exte-
rior margin. The coverts of the tail are of
a pale ferruginous colour, and two of them
are nearly as long as the tail itself. The sca-
pulars are ferruginous ; in the male, the head
and whole back have a tinge of the same co-
lour, marked with dusky streaks ; in the fe-
male, the back is grey, and the dusky stripes
of a darker hue. The crown of the head is
black m the male, dusky in the female ; the
forehead is yellow, the bill and feet are black
the belly of a dirty reddish white. These
larks are migratory, they visit the environs
ot Albany Fort in the beginning of May
but go further northward to breed : they feed
on grass-seeds, and buds of the sprier-birch •
run into small holes, and keep close to the
ground, from whence the natives give them
the name of Chi-chup-pi-sue.
^' ^.;;^^"f • I j;. ^ Migratorius, 292. 6. American
1 brush. I P leldfare. Kalm II. p. 90. Faun. Am.
Sept. II. Catesby I. 29.
Severn River, N° 59. Albany Fort, 7, 8, 9.
The descriptions of these birds in various authors
coincide with the specimens ; at Severn River
they appear at the beginning of May, and
leave the environs before the frost sets in.
At Moose Fort, in the norfh latitude 51°
they build their nest, lay thei ogs, and hatch
their young in the space of fourteen days ;
but at York fort and Severn setdement this is
done
( 19 )
li
[ 400 ]
done in 26 days : they build their nests in
trees, lay four beautiful light-blue eggs, feed
on worms and carrion : when at liberty they
sing very prettily, but confined in a cage,
they lose their melody. There is no material
distinction between the male and female.
Their weight is 2^ ounces, the length 9
inches, and the breadth i foot ; they are cal-
led red bird? at Hudson's Bay ; their Indian
name is Pce-pec-cJme.
Turd us, 22.
Severn River, N" 54 and 55, male and female.
From the striking similarity with our blackbird,
the English at Hudson's Bay have given this
bird the same name. However, upon a close
examination, I find the difference very great
between our European blackbird, and the
Hudson's Bay or American one. The plumage
of the male, instead of being deep black
without any gloss, as in ours,, has a shining
purple cast, not unlike the plumage of
the Graaila Qtusctila, Linn, or shining
Gracule, Faun. Am. Sept. ; or the Maize
thief, of Kalm. The female indeed is very
like our female blackbird, being of a dusky
colour on the back, and a dark grey on the
breast. The feet and bill are quite black in
both sexes ; the former have the back claw
almost as long again as any of the other claws.
There are no vestiges of yellow palpebrae in
either the male or the female ; the bill in
both is strong, smooth, and subulated ; the
upper
( :^o )
f»
40I J
upper mandible being carinated, but very
little arched, and without any tooth or in-
denture whatever, on the lower side. The
nostrils are as in other thrushes. This bird
has no bristles at the base of its bill, its feet
have such segments as Scopoli in the Annus
I. Historico-Naturalis attributes to the stares.
Instead of being solitary and living retired
like the European blackbirds, these American
ones come in flocks to Severn River in June,
live among the willows, build in all kinds of
trees, and return to the southward in autumn.
They feed on worms and maggots; their
weight is 2I ounces, and they are nine inches
long, and one foot broad. One that was
kept twelve months in a cage pined away,
and died. Notwithstanding these circum-
stances, I cannot help remaining undetermined
with regard to this bird, which at first sight
is like the blackbird, has the bill of a thrush,
and the feet and gregarious nature of a stare.
It is to be hoped, that future accounts from
Hudson's Bay may inform us further, of
the nature of this bird, its time of incuba-
tion, the number of eggs it lays, and the
colour of those eggs, together with the note
of the bird, the difference and charaaeristick
marks of both the male and female, and
other circumstances, which may serve to de-
termine to what genus and species we are to
refer this bird.
Vl. LXII.
F f f
( 2^ )
10. LoxiA
L 402
III
lo.LoxiA, J23. Curvirostra, 299. i. Crossbill.
Grosbeak. I Br. Zool. Faun. Am. Sept. 11. The
small variety.
Severn River, N° 27 and 28.
This bird comes to Severn River the latter end
of May, breeds more to the northward, and
returns in autumn, in its way to the south, de-
parting at the setting in of the frost. The
irides in the male are of a beautiful red, in
the female yellow : the weight is said to be
10 ounces (probably by mistake for i ounce,
as it is impossible so small a bird should weigh
more), the length is 6 inches, the breadth 10.
24. Enucleator, 299. 3.
and Faun. Am. Sept.
135- f- I.
Severn River, N° 29, 30.
Pine Grosbeak. Br. Zool.
Edw. 123, 124. PI. enl.
It answers to the descriptions and figures of the
ornithologists pretty well; only Edwards's fe-
male has the red too bright, which is rather
orange in our specimen, on the head, neck,
and coverts of the tail. This bird only visits
the Hudson's Bay settlements in May, on its
way to the north, and is not observed to re-
turn in autumn; its food consists of birch-
willow buds, and others of the same nature ;
It weighs 2 ounces, is 9 inches long, and
#
13
broad.
II. Em-
( 22 )
[ 403
#
3o8. I . Greater
Zool. Snowbird
. Faun. Am. Sept.
II. Emberiza. j 25. Nivalis.
Buntino^. ( Brambling, Br.
Snowflake, ibid. Snow-buntin
1 1.
Severn River, N° 24 — 26.
The bird, in summer dress, corresponds exactly
with the description of the greater brambHng,
Br Zool. The description of the snowflake,
or the same bird in winter dress, ibid. vol. IV
p. 19. is somewhat different, perhaps owing
to the different seasons the birds were caught
in, as it is well known they change their co-
lour gradually. They are the first of the mi-
gratory birds, which come in spring to Severn
settlement; in the year 1771 they appeared
April the nth, stayed about a month or five
weeks, and then proceeded further northward
in order to breed there ; they return in Sep-
tember, stay till the cold grows severe in
November, then retire southward to a warmer
climate. They live in flocks, feed on grass-
seeds, and about the dunghills, are easily
caught under a small net, some oatmeal being
strewed under it to allure them; they are
very fat, and fine eating. The weight is i
ounce and 5 drams, the length 6^ inches, and
the breadth 10 inches.
Em briza. 26. Leucophrys. New Species. White
Crowned Bunting.
Severn River, N'' 50. Albany Fort, 10.
This elegant litde species of Bunting is called
a hedge sparrow at Hudson's Bay, and has
^ ^^2 not
( 23 )
:!
ji
V-
C 404 ]
not hitherto been described. It visits Severn set-
tlement in June, and feeds on grass-seeds, Htde
worms, grubs, &c. It weighs | of an ounce,
and IS 7 1 inches long, and 9 inches broad ; the
bill and legs are flesh-coloured ; the male is
not materially different from the female, its
nests are built in the bottom of willow bushes,
it lays three eggs of a chocolate colour. It
visits Albany Fort in May, breeds there, and
leaves it in September.
12. Fringilla, I 27. Lapponica. T,]y. i. Faun.
Finch. ( Suec. 235.
Severn river, N° 52.
It is called Teairmashish, by the natives at Hud-
son's Bay. The description in Linneus's
Fauna Suecica coincides exa6lly with the
specimen ; that in his System answers very
nearly : Mr. Brisson s description (though he
quotes Linneus, and Linneus quotes him) is
widely different. The specimen sent over is
a female; the males have more of the fer-
ruginous colour on the head; the eyes are
blue, the legs dark brown. It is only a win-
ter inhabitant near Severn river, appears
not before November, and is commonly
found among the juniper trees; it weighs
\ of an ounce, its length is 5 inches, and its
breadth 7.
'I
I
M ; they have small
eyes, with a white streak under them, and
black legs : the male and female are quite
alike ; they weigh half an ounce, are 5J inches
long, and 7 inches broad.
^' I
' .1
1' ^
16. HiRUNDO, ) 35.
Swallow. )
Severn River, N" 58.
The swallows build under the windows, and
on the face of steep banks of the river, they
disappear in autumn ; and the Indians say,
they were never found torpid under water,
probably because they have no large nets to
fish with vinder the ice. The specimen sent
answers in some particulars to the description
oftheMartin,HirundoUrbica, Linn, but seems
to be smaller, and has no white on the rump.
I have, therefore, thought it best to leave the
species undetermined, till further informa-
tions are received from Hudson's Bay, on this
subje61.
2. Water-
1
( 28 )
■m.
I
!
409
'33-
2. Water- Birds.
XTT [Grall.e,
[ Clovcnfooted. Faun. Am. Sept.
17. Ardea,(36. Canadensis. 234. 3. Edw.
Heron. (Canada Crane. Faun. Am. Sept. 14!
Severn River, N° 35. Blue Crane.
The account from Severn settlement says, there
is no material difference between the male
and female ; however, the specimen sent over,
I take to be a female, as its plumage is in
general duller than that figured by Edwards,
and as the last row of white coverts of the wing
are wanting. These cranes arrive near Severn
in May, have only two young at a time,
retire southward in autumn ; frequent lakes
and ponds, and feed on fish, worms, &c.
They weigh seven pounds and a half, are
3.J7 feet long, and 3 feet 5 inches broad ; the
bill is 4 inches long, the legs 7 inches, but
the leg and thigh 19.
Ardea. :^7. Americana, 234. 5. Hooping Crane.
Edw. 132. Catesby, 1. 75. Faun. Am. Sept.
14.
York Fort.
Edwards's figure is very exad ; Catesby's is not
so good, as it represents the bill too thick to-
wards the point.
Vol. LXH.
( 2Q )
38. Stel-
'II
f 4ro ]
38 Stellaris, 239. 21. Varidas. The Bittern, Br
Zool. Edw. 136. Faun. Am. Sept. pag. 14".
Severn River, N° 64.
At first sig-ht, I thought the specimen sent from
Hudson's Bay, was a young bird ; but upon
nearer examination and comparing it with
Mr. Edwards's account and figure, I take it
to be a variety of the common bittern pe-
cuHar to North America; it is smaller, but
upon the whole very much resembles our
bittern. Mr. Edwards's measurements and
drawmgs correspond very well with the speci-
men.
This bird appears at Severn river the latter end
of May, lives chiefly among the swamps and
wdlows, where it builds its nest, and lays
only two eggs at a time ; it is very indolent,
and, when roused, removes only to a short
distance.
I >
■'. i
■i
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18 ScoLOPAx,|39 Totanus. 245. 12. Spotted
Woodcock. I Woodcock. Faun. Am. Sept. 14.
Albany Fort, N° 16.
This bird is called a yellow leg at Albany fort
from the bright yellow colour of the legs'
especially in old birds; a circumstance, in
which It varies from the descriptions of I in-
neus and Brisson, probably because they (ht
* In the Faunula Americre Septentrionalis, p. 14. the synonym
of Ardea Hudsonias, Linn, has by mistake been annexecl to the
l)ittern, and hkewise pi. 135 of Edwards has been quoted in-
stead of plate 136. They are two very different birds.
scribed
( 30 )
"^ —
!
I. 411 J
scribed from dried specimens, in which the
yellow colour always changes into brown It
agrees in other respefts perfedly well with
the descriptions : it comes to Albany fort in
April or beginning of May, and leaves it
the atter end of September. It feeds on
small shell fish, worms, and maggots; and
frequents the banks of rivers, swamps &c
It is called by the natives Sa-sa-s hew, ' ivom
the noise it makes.
ScoLOPAX. 40 Lapponica. 246. 15. Red God-
wit. Br. Zool. Faun. Am. Sept. 14. Ed. 138.
Churchill River, N° 13.
Linneus describes this bird very exactly in his
Systema Naturae : the middle of the belly has
no white in the Society's specimen, as that
had from which the description in the Br.
Zool. odavo I. p. y^T^, 354, was taken. All
the other charaders correspond.
ScoLOPAX. 41. Borealis. New Species. Eskimaux
Curlew. Faun. Am. Sept, 14.
Albany Fort, N° 15.
This species of Curlew, is not yet known to
the ornithologists ; the first mention is made
of It in the Faunula Americ^^ Septentrionalis
or catalogue of North American animals.'
It is called Wce-kcc-mc-nasc-su, by the natives ;
feeds on swamps, worms, grubs, &c ; visits
Albany Fort in April or beginning of May •
breeds to the northward of it, returns in Au-
^'^ .? .^' 2 gust,
( :>■ )
"
11^
[ 412 ]
gust, and goes away southward again the
latter end of September.
19. Tringa, f 42. Interpres. 248. 4. Turnstone.
Sand-piper. I Edw. 141. Faun. Am. Sept. 14.
Severn River, N° 31 and 32.
This species is well described by the ornitho-
logists ; its weight is 3^ ounces, the length
SJ inches, and" the breadth 1 7 inches ; it
has four young at a time ; its eyes are black,
and the feet of a bright orange : this bird
frequents the sides of the river.
1! I
h (
43. Helvetica. 250. 12, Brisson. Av. V. p. 106.
10.
f. 2.
(The number was lost, perhaps it is N" 17,
from Fort Albany ; upon that supposition the
account is as follows : " the natives call it
" Wiuu-p2isk-abrca-shish, or white bear bird ;
" it feeds on berries, inse6ls, grubs, worms,
"and small shell-fish; visits and leaves Al-
" bany fort at the same time with the .SV^-
" lop ax Totamis, and Borealisy)
I find this bird answers very well to its descrip-
tion ; the throat, breast, and upper part of
the belly are blackish, as in the descriptions,
but mixed with white lunulated spots, which
are neither described nor expressed in M.
Brisson's figure, and may be owing to the
difference of sex, or climate.
VH.
( 32 )
•;(
I
413
]
-*
yjj jAnSERES.
• [Webbed-footed. Faun. Am. Sept.
29. Anas,|44 Marila. 196.8. Scaup Duck. Br
JJuck, I Zool. Faun. Am. Sept. 1 7.
Severn River, N° 44 and 45. Fishing Ducks.
Linneus's description, and the figure in the Br
Zoology folio plate Q. p. 153, agree per-
teaiy well with the specimens. The female
as Lmneus observes, is quite brown, the breast
and upper part of the back being of a o-lossv
reddish brown ; the speculum of the^wino-
and the belly are white. The eyes of th?
male have very bright yellow irides ; those
of the female are of a faint dirty yellow.
I he female is two ounces heavier than the
male, which weighs one pound and a half,
IS 16^ inches long, and 20 inches broad.
Anas. 45. Nivalis. Snow Goose. Faun. Am. Sept
p. 16. Lawson's Carolina. Anser niveus Briss
y I. 288. Klein. Anser nivis. Schwenkfeld, Mar-
sigh. Danub. p. 802. t. 49.
Severn River, N° 40, and a young one, N" 41. white
Goose.
These white geese are very numerous at Hud-
son's Bay, many thousands being annually
killed with the gun, for the use of the set-
tlements. They are usually shot whilst on
the wing, the Indians being very expert at
that exercise, which they learn from their
youth; they weigh five or six pounds, are
{ 33 )
2j feet
■^?^"^p
tmm
■«■
I
I
[ 414 ]
2f feet long, and 3^ broad ; their eyes are-*
black, the irides small and red, the legs like-
wise red ; they feed along the sea, and are
fine eating ; their young are bluish grey, and
do not attain a perfect whiteness till they are
a year old. They visit Severn river first in
the middle of May, on their journey north-
ward, where they breed; return in the be-
ginning of September, with their young,
staying at Severn settlement about a fortnight
each time. The Indian name is IVay-way,
at Churchill river. Linneus has not taken
notice of this species.
Anas. 46. Canadensis. 198. 14. Canada Goose.
Faun. Am. Sept. 16. Edw. 151. Catesby I.
92, &c.
Severn River, N° 42.
The Canada geese are very plentiful at Hud-
son's Bay, great quantities of them are salted,
but they have a fishy taste. The specimen
sent over agrees perfe611y with the descrip-
tions and drawings. At Hudson's Bay this
species is called the SmallGrey Goose. Besides
this, and the preceding white goose, Mr. Gra-
ham, the gentleman who sent the account
from Severn setdement, mentions three other
species of wild geese to be met with at Hud-
son's Bay ; he calls them,
1. The large Grey Goose.
2. The Blue Goose.
3. The Laughing Goose.
The
i
i
( 34 )
L 415 J
The first of these, the large ?rey (roose he siv.
.s so common in Englan^d, kt he St
It unnecessary to send specimens of it over ° It
. IS however presumed, that though Mr. Gra-
ham has shewn himself a careful observer
and an indefatigable colleftor ; yet, not beh'^
a naturalist, he could not enter into any mU
nute examination about the species to which
each goose belongs, nor froni mere recollec
to°be mZ' '^,U>%^'7 S°°- -as aaudly
tonan, by examination, often finds material
differences which would escape a person un-
acquamted with natural history. The wish
herefore of seeing the specimens of tTiese
species of geese must occur to every lover
of that science. Mr. Graham says, the large
grey geese are the only species^hat brefd
about Severn river. They frequent the plains
and_ swamps along the coast. Their weight
is nine pounds, vcigia
The blue goose is as big as the white goose ■
and the laughing goose is of the size of the
Canada or small grey goose. These two
nf ^rT ^''^ ",'"■>' ~"imon along Hudson's
Bay to the southward, but very rare to the
northward of Severn river, "^fhe I^lian:
have a peculiar method of killing all these
species of geese, and likewise swans. As
ese birds fly regularly along the marshes,
the Indians range themselves in a line across
the marsh, from the wood to high water
mark, about musket shot from each other
so
( 35 )
I
[ 416 ]
so as to be sure of intercepting any geese
which fly that way. Each person conceals
himself, by putting round him some brush
wood; they likewise make artificial geese
of sticks and mud, placing them at a short
distance from themselves, in order to decoy
the real geese within shot : thus prepared,
they sit down, and keep a good look out ; and
as soon as the flock approaches, they all lie
down, imitating the call or note of geese,
which these birds no sooner hear, and perceive
the decoys, than they go straight down to-
wards them; then the Indians rise on their
knees, and discharge one, two or three guns
each, killing two or even three geese at each
shot, for they are very expert. Mr. Gra-
harn says, he has seen a row of Indians, by
calling round a flock of geese, keep them
hovering among them, till every one of the
geese was killed. Every species of geese has
its peculiar note or call, which must greatly
increase the difficulty of enticing them.
Anas. 47. Albeola. 199. 18. The Red Duck.
Faun. Am. Sept. 17. Edw. t. 100. Sarcelle de
la Louisiane. Brisson VI. t. 41. f. i.
Severn River, N° 37 and 38. Fishing Birds.
The descriptions and figures answer very well
with the male, except that the three exterior
feathers are not white on the outside, but
all dusky.
The female is not described by any one of the
ornithologists ; and therefore deserves to be
noticed,
v")
( 36 )
11
[ 417 j
noticed to prevent future mistakes. The
whole bird is dusky, a few feathers on the
forehead are rusty, and some about the ears
of a dirty white ; the breast is grey, the belly
and speculum in the wings white ; the bill
and legs are black. They visit Severn settle-
ment in June, build their nests in trees, and
breed among the woods, and near ponds ;
the weight of the female is one pound, its
length 14 inches, and its breath 21.
Anas 48. Clangula. 201. 23. Golden Eye.
tJr. Zool. Faun. Am. Sept. 16.
Severn River, N° 51.
These birds frequent lakes and ponds, and breed
there: they eat fish and slime, and cannot
rise off the dry land. The legs and irides
are yellow; their weight is 2| pounds, and
their measure 19 inches in length, and two feet
in breadth. The specimen sent is the male.
Anas. 49. Perspicillata. 201. 25. Black Duck.
i^aun. Am. Sept. 16. Edw. 155.
Churchill River, N° 14.
This species is exadly described, and well drawn
by Edwards. The Indians call it Sheke-su-
partem. It ought to come into the first di-
vision of Linneus's ducks, "rostro basi
• gibbo, as Its bill is really very unequal
at the base.
Vol. LXII.
H hh
( 0I )
Anas
L 41S ]
J
Anas. 50. Glacialis. 2c j, and Hyemalis, 202.
29. Eclw. t. 156. ,allow-tail. Br. Zool.
Faun. Am, Sept. 17.
Churchill River, N" 12.
At Churchill River the Indians call this species,
Har-har-vey ; it corresponds with Edwards's
description and drawing, plate 156, but dif-
fers much from Linneus's inexadl description
of the Anas Hyemalis, to which he, how-
ever, quotes Edwards. Upon the whole it is
almost without a doubt that the bird repre-
sented by Edwards, plate 280, and Br. Zool.
folio, plate Q. 7, and quoted by Linneus for
his Anas glacialis, is the male, and that the
bird figured by Edwards t. 156, and quoted by
Linneus for the Anas Hyemalis, is the female,
of one and the same species. Linneus men-
tions a white body (in his Anas hyemalis)
which in Edw. Tab. 156, and in the So-
ciety's specimen, is all brown and dusky, ex-
cept the belly, temples, a spot on the back
of the head, and the sides of the rump,
which are white. Linneus says, that the
temples are black ; in the specimen now sent
over, and in Mr. Edwards's figure, which
Linneus quotes, they are white; the breast,
back, and wings, are not black as he says,
but rather brown and dusky. A further
proof, that Linneus's Anas Glacialis and Hye-
malis are the same, is that the feet in both
t. 156 and 280 of Edwards are red, and the
bill black, with an orange spot.
Anas.
( 38 )
419
Anas. 51 Crecca. 204. 33- Varietas. Teal.
lir. Zool. Faun. Am. Sept. 1 7.
Severn River, N° 2>2>, 34- Male and female.
This is a variety of the teal, for it wants the
two white streaks above and below the eyes •
the lower one indeed is faintly expressed in
the male, which has also a lunated bar of
white over each shoulder ; this is not to be
found in the European teal. This species is
not very plentiful near Severn river; they
hve in the woods and plains near little ponds
of water, and have from five to seven vounp-
at a time. ^ ^
Anas. 52. Histrionica. 204. 35. Harlequin Duck.
Faun. Am. Sept. 16. Edw. t. 99.
This bird had no number fixed to it; it agrees
perfeaiy with Edwards's figure.
Anas. 53. Boschas. 205. 40. Mallard Drake
Faun. Am. Sept. Br. Zool.
Severn River, N° 39.
It is called Stock Drake at Hudson's Bay, and
corresponds in every resped with the Euro-
pean one, upon comparison.
251. r. A va-
21. Pelecanus,") 54. Onocrotalus.
Pelecan. J m/j/.
York Fort.
This variety of the pelecan, agrees in every pa-
ticular with Linneus's oriental pelecan (Pele-
H h h 2 canus
( 39 )
[ 420 I
canus onocrotalus orientalis), but has a pe-
culiar tuft or fringe of fibres in the middle
of the upper mandible, something nearer the
apex than the base. This tuft has not been
mentioned by any author, and is likewise
wanting in Edwards's pelican, t. 92. with
which the Society's specimen corresponds in
every other circumstance. The P. Onocro-
talus occidentalis, Linn, or Edw. t. 93
American pelican, is very different from it :
the chief differences are the colour, which
in our Hudson's Bay bird is white, but in
Edwards's is of a greyish brown ; and the
size, which in the white bird is almost double
of the brown one. The quill-feathers are
black, and the shafts of the larger ones white.
The Alula, or bastard wing, is black. The
bill and legs are yellow.
22. CoLYMBUs. ) 55. Glacialis. 221. 5. Northern
•"" Diver, J Diver. Br. Zool. Faun. Am.
Sept. 1 6.
Churchill River, N° 8. called a Loon there.
This bird is well described and drawn in the
British Zoology, in folio.
"■ '"■ I 56. Auritus, a. 222. 8. Edw. 145.
Grebe. J Eared Grebe. Faun. Am. Sept. 15.
Severn River, N° 43.
This is exaaiy the bird drawn by Edwards, t.
145. The specimen sent over is a female.
It differs much from our lesser crested Grebe.
Br.
( 40 )
[ 42 1 J
Br. Zool. o(ftavo I. p. 396, and Br. Zool.
illustr. plate ^-j. fig. 2. and Ed. 96. fig. 2.
However, in both these works, it is looked
on only as a variety, or different in sex. Mr.
Graham has the same opinion. It lives
on fish, frequenting the lakes near the sea
coast. It lays its eggs in water, and can-
not rise off dry land. It is seen about the
beginning of June, but migrates south-
ward in autumn. It is called Sckeep, by
the natives. Its eyes are small, the irides
red; it weighs one pound, and measures
one foot in length, and one third more in
breadth.
23. Larus. I57. Parasiticus. 226.10. Ardic Gull.
Gull, j Br. Zool. Faun. Am. Sept. 16. Edw.
148. 149.
Churchill River, N° 15.
This species is called a Ma7i of War, at Hud-
son's Bay. It seems to be a female, by the
dirty white colour of its plumage below; it
agrees very well with Edwards's drawing, and
that in the Br. Zool. illustr.
24. Sterna.) 58. Hirundo {Variety), 227. 2.
Tern. J The greater Tern. Br. Zool. F'aun.
Am. Sept.
(The number belonging to this bird is lost, per-
haps it is N° 1 7, from Churchill River, called
" A sort
( 4^ )
f f
[ 422 1
" A sort of Gull, called Ejrcr.breakers bv
" the natives.") ^
The feet are black; the tail is shorter and
much less forked than that described and
drawn in the Br. Zool. The outermost tail-
feather likewise wants the black, which that
in the British Zoolon^y has. In other re-
spects it is the same. '
i
DESCRIP-
( 42 )
J
[ 423 ]
DESCRIPTIONES Avium Rariorum
e Sinu Hudsonis.
I. Falco sacer.
Falco, cera pedibusque coeriileis, corpore, remi-
gibiis rearicibusque fuscis, fasciis pallidis ; capite,
peetore Sc abdomine albis, maculis londtudinali-
bus fuscis.
Habitat ad sinum Hudsonis et in reliqua America
Septentrionali ; viditat Lagopodibus & Tetraonum
speciebus.
Descr. Magnitudo Corvi.
Rostrum, cera, pedes coerulea ; rostrum
breve, curvum, coeruleo-atrum ; mandi-
bula utraque, basi pallide coerulea, apice
mgrescente, utraque emarginata.
CapiU tectum pennis albidis, maculis longi-
tudinalibus, fuscis.
Octili magni ; i rides flavae.
Gida alba, fusco-maculata.
Dorsum ^t tedrices alarum, plumis fuscis,
ferrugineo-palHde marginatis, maculatis-
que, maculis rachin non attingentibus.
Pefliis, venter, crissum, tearices alarum
mferiores, & femora alba, maculis lono-f.
tudinalibus nigro-fuscis. *^
Remiges fusco-nigri, viginti duo ; primo-
res apicibus margine albis, maculis fer-
3 rugineo-
( 4,5 )
9
L 424 J
rugineo-pallidis, intra majoribus, trans-
versis, extra minoribus, rotundatis.
Reprices duodecim, supra fuscae, fasciis
circiter duodecim «& apice albidis ; infra
cinereoE, fasciis albidis.
Hi
2. Strix nebulosa.
Strix capite l^vi, corpore fusco, albido undulatim
striate, remige sexto longiore, apice nigricante.
Habitat circa Sinum Hudsonis, vi6litat Leporibus,
Lagopodibus, Muribusque.
Descr. Rostrtim fusco-flavum, mandibula superiore
superius magis flava.
Oculi magni, iridibus flavis.
Caput facie cinerea, e pennis fusco et pal-
lide cinereo alternatim striatis. Pone
hasce pennas collum versus est ordo
plumularum fuscarum ad utramque ge-
nam, semicirculum nigrum efficiens.
Occiput, cervix, et collum fusca, pennis,
marginibus albo-maculatis.
PcHus albidum, maculis longitudinalibus
transversisque fuscis.
Abdomen album, superius uti pedlus ma-
culis longitudinalibus, sed inferius striis
transversis notatum.
Dorsum totum et tecflrices alae, caud^que
confertim ex fusco & albido undulato-
striatee.
Ales fusc^ ; remiges primores fusci, griseo
transversim fasciati, fasciis latis nebulosis.
Remex sextus, reliquis longior, apice
I magis
( 44 )
HI
I 425 ]
magis nigricans ; primus vero reliquis
primoribus brevior. Remiges reliqui
pallidiores, obscurius fasciati.'
Cauda rotundata, rearicibus duodecim :
du£e intermediae paullo longiores, tot^e
cinerascente albido fuscoque undula-
tim striatse, lineis duplicatis fuscis trans-
versis pluribus. Rearices reliquae fusc£E
albido substriatae.
Pedes teai pennis albidis fusco-striatis.
Magnitiido fere Strigis Nyaeae, Linn.
Lottgitiido unciarLim 16 pedis Anglicani.
Lafitudo pedum quatuor.
Pondus librarum trium.
3. Tetrao Phasianellus.
Linn. Ed. X. p. 160. n. 5.
Tetrao pedibus hirsutis, cauda cuneiformi, remi-
gibus nigris, exterius albo-maculatis.
Habitat ad Sinum Hudsonis.
Descr. Magnitudo fere Tetraonis Tetricis. Linn.
Rostrum nigrum.
Oculoruni irides avellane^.
Caput, collum & dorsum testacea, nigro
transversim fasciata : macula albida inter
rostrum et oculos : latera colli notata
maculis rotundatis albidis.
Dorsum testaceum, plumis omnibus late
nigro-fasciatis.
^^^- ^^^^- lii Uropygium
( 45 )
f
[ 426 ]
Uropygmm magis albido-cinereum, nlgre-
cline fimbriata secundum rachin plu-
marum.
Pe6lus & Venter albida, maculis cordatis
fusco-testaceis in ventre saturatioribus.
Alarum te6lrices dilute testaceo, nigro,
alboque transversim fasciatae, maculis
pluribus rotundis albis. Remiges pri-
mores nigri, latere exteriore albo-ma-
culati ; secundarii fusci, apice & ad
marginem exteriorem albo subfasciati :
postremi vero testaceo fasciati, apice
tantum albi.
Rcarices breves, exteriores pallide fusc^,
apice albae, dua^ intermedise reliquis
longiores, testaceo-maculatce.
Pedes ^ plumis albo-griseis vesti digitis
pe6linatis.
Longitudo unciarum 16 pedis Anglicani.
Latittido pedum duorum.
4. Emberiza leucophrys*.
Emberiza remigibus re^ricibusque fuscis, capite
nigro, fascia verticis, superciliisque niveis.
Habitat in America Boreali ad Sinum Hudsonis.
Descr. Magnihido circiiQr fringina; ccelibis.
Rostrum rubrum, s. carnei colons : Nares
subrotundse.
Caput fascia verticali lata Candida, paulu-
lum ante rostrum desinente ; fascia atra
* AcuKos albus. O^pus siiperciliuni.
I
( 46 )
lata
[ 42? J
lata ad utrumque latus fasciae albce Su-
perciha alba, desinentia in lineas, fasciam
albam verticalem adtingentes ; arcus dein
atri, ex angulis oculorum, fere in occi-
pite confluentes.
Collum cinerascens, in peftore dilutius.
Dorsum ferrug-ineo-fuscum, marginibus
plumularum cinereis.
Ales fuscce ; remigum primorum maraines
exteriores tenuissimi pallidi, inteHores
cinerascentes : secundarii & pennce tec-
trices fuscae, marginibus latiusculis, ver-
sus apicem albis, efficientibus fasciam
albam ; super quam fascia altera alba ex
maculis a bis in apice teadcum mino-
rum, s plumarum scapularium. Alulae
buTalb "^'^^^ subtus cinerei, margini-
Penzis cinereum, abdomen dilutius, fere
album.
Crissicm & plumulae femora tegentes lutes-
centia.
Uropygium cinereo-fuscum.
Cauda squalls ; reclrices duodecim fuses
margmibus paullo pallidioribus, subtus
cmereoe.
Pedes carnei colons, digito intermedio &
ungue postico reliquis longioribus.
Longittido unciarum 7 pedis Anglicani.
Latihido m\.^r alas extensas 9 unciarum
pedis Anglicani.
Cauda partem tertiam longitudinis totius
aviculae efficit.
^ • • 2 AUc
( 4/ )
^
Ik
[ 42S ]
Al^ complicatae paululum ultra caudal
exortiim protenduntur.
Pondus drachmarum sex.
5. Fringilla Hudsonias.
Fringilla fusco-cinerascens, rostro albido, pec-
tore inferiore, abdomine, redlricibusque quatuor
extremis albis.
Habitat in America Boreali.
Descr. Magnitudo circiter fringillae carduelis.
Rostrum albidum, rubedine aliqua imbu-
tum.
Oculi parvi, ccerulei.
Corpus totum cinereo-nigricans, s. potius
fuliginosum.
Pe6lus inferius & abdomen alba.
Remiges fusci, cinereo-marginati : alae
complicatce mediam fere caudam ad-
tingunt.
Re6lrices fuscse, extimse utrinque duae totse
albae, tertia fusca, macula oblonga alba,
ad latus interius, prope rachin, apicem
attingens ; reliquae totae fuscae.
Pondus semunciae.
Longitudo unciarum 6J pedis Anglicani.
Latitudo unciarum novem.
6. Muscicapa striata.
MusciCAPA cinereo-virens, dorso nigro striate, sub-
tus flavescenti-alba, gula lateribusque pedloris
fusco maculatis.
Habitat
( 4S )
?
L 4^9 ]
Habitat ad Siniim Hudson is.
Quum mas a fcEmina multum differat, utique
congruLim est, utrumque sexum scparatim
describere.
Descr. Mas.
Rostnim trigonum, mandibu superiore
paululum longiore, ante apicem levitcr
emarginata, nigra ; inferiore basi flaves-
cente.
Naj'cs subrotundae.
Vibrissa nigrse.
Caput supra totum atrum ad oculos usque.
Gcjtcs a rostro in occiput totae albae ; oc-
ciput albo & nigro variegatum.
Gnia flavescenti-alba maculis fuscis.
PcHus albidum, lateribus, sive versus oc-
ciput maculis nigris variegatum.
Dorstim cinereo-virens, striis sive maculis
longitudinalibus nigris latioribus, e plu-
mulis nigris, margine virentibus.
Abdomen album.
Uropygium cinereum, nigro-maculatum.
Alee fuscae ; remiges primores pallido mar-
ginati, secundarii apice tenuissimo albo ;
duae ultimae margine exteriore albo ;
te6lrices fuscse, majores flavescenti albo,
minores candido in apice maculatai, unde
fasciae albae binae in alis.
Cauda fusca ; re6^rix utrinque prima s. ex-
tima, latere interiore macula magna
alba, marginem interiorem attingente ;
proxima s. secunda macula oblonga mi-
nore alba, etiam marginem interiorem
attingente ;
( 49 )
[ 430 1
attingente ; utrinquc tertia, latere inte-
riore versus apicem albo-marginata.
Pedes liitei ; ungues breves, pallide fusci.
Magnitiido circiter Pari atricapilli ; Linn.
Longitudo 5 unciarum.
Latitudo 7 unciarum pedis Anglicani.
Foemina.
Rostrum, alae, cauda, abdomen, uropy-
gium, pedes & mensur£E ut in mare.
Cap2it flavo-virens, striis brevibus tenui-
busque longitudinalibus nigris ; linea fla-
vissimaa basi rostri incipiens super oculos
dudla ; palpebrae flavae.
G^ila, genae & pe6lus albido-flava ; maculse
sparsae oblongiusculae fuscae, ab utroque
oris angulo usque in pectoris latera.
Dorsum, ut in mare, sed viridius, & stride
nigrse minores.
\
7. Parus Hudsonicus.
Parus capite fusco-rubescente, dorso cinereo, jugulo
atro, fascia suboculari, pedloreque albis, hypo-
chondriis rufis.
Habitat ad Sinum Hudsonis.
Descr. Rostrum subulatum, integerrimum, atrum,
basi e regione narium tedum fasciculis
setarum ferruginearum, lineas 4 (unciae
pedis Anglicani) longum.
Caput fusco-ferrugineum, fascia sub oculis
alba; gula atra, nigredine extensa sub
hac fascia alba.
Dorstim
( 50 )
[ 431 ]
Dorstim cinereo-virens, c plumis longiori-
bus, fuscis, apice tantum cinereo-viren-
tibus, s. oHvaceis.
Peaus^ & Abdomen alba, sed plumce omnes
basi nigrffi, apice tantum albce.
Latera abdominis & lumbi ferruginei.
Alee fuscDe, remigum margine' omni ci-
nereo.
Cattda fusca, rotundata, rearicibus 12
margine cinereis. '
Uropygmm tedum plumulls aliquot nicrris
apice albido-rufis. ^ '
Pedes mgxi', digitus posticus cum un^ue
anticorum digitorum medio, duplo lon-
gior.
Longitudo unciarum 5J pedis Anglicani.
Latittcu^ unciarum 7.
Cauda uncias 2^ longa.
8. SCOLOPAX BOREALLS.
ScoLOPAx rostro arcuato, pedibusque nigris, corpore
fusco, griseo-maculato, subtus ochroleuco.
Habitat in Sinus Hudsonis inundatis, & pratis hu-
midis, viaitans vermibus & inseftis : mense Aprili
vel mitio Man primum visa est, circa Castellum
^/^^;ty mde in terras magis ardicas migrat, ibique
nidificat; redit ad idem castellum mense Au-
fembris''^^''''^^^ ^^straliores petit circa finem Sep-
Affinis scolopace arquata Linn, sed differt cor-
pore triplo minore, rostro ratione corporis
breviore,
( 5- )
■P«!l
!f
[ 43-^ 1
breviore, colore in dorso saturate fiisco, in
abdomine ochroleuco.
Descr. Captit pallidum, lineolis confertis longitu-
dinalibus fuscis : sinciput saturate fus-
cum, pallido maculatum.
Rostrum nigricans, arcuatum, longitudine
duarum unciarum pedis Anglicani, man-
dibula inferiore basi rufa.
ColliLin, pe6lus, abdomen & crissum ochro-
leuca ; pe6lore colloque lineolis longi-
tudinalibus fuscis confertioribus, abdo-
mine & crisso fere nullis, vel tenuibus
notatis.
Femora semi-te6la plumulis ochroleucis,
fusco maculatis.
Latera abdominis sub alis prsesertim, rufa,
pennis transversim fusco fasciatis.
Dorsum totum saturate fuscum, pennis mar-
line albido orriseis.
Alee fuscse ; remiges prim ores immaculati,
primores rachi tota alba ; reliqui, s. se-
cundarii pallide griseo-marginati. Tec-
trices late griseo-marginatae. Te6lrices
inferiores ala^, ferruginese fusco trans-
versim fasciatoe. Alae complicatce fere
mediam caudam attingunt.
Uropygium, fuscum, marginibus maculisque
pennarum albidis.
Cauda brevis, fusca, re^lricibus albido trans-
versim fasciatis.
Pedes nigri, s. ccerulescentes.
Longjtudo unciarum 13^.
Latitudo circiter unciarum 21.
('V )
9. Anas
J
Xi
[ 433 ]
9- Anas nivalis.
Anas, rostro cylindrlco, corpore albo, remiglbus
primoribus nigris.
Habitat in America Boreali, per Sinum Hudsonis
migrans.
Descr. Co7'pus totum album, magnitudine anseris
domestici nostratis.
Rostrum luteum, mandibulis subserratis.
Oculi iride rubra.
Remiges decern primores nigri, scapis al-
bis : tedlrices infimse cinereee, scapis ni-
gris ; pennae duse alulae, itidem ci-
nereae, scapis nigris.
Pedes rubri.
Longitudo pedum duorum & unciarum
o6lo.
Latittido pedum 3^.
Pondus librarum 5 vel 6.
Vol. LXII.
K kk
( 53 )
XXX. Gco-
wmm
I
f
m
€m\\\nxt^t
PRINTED BY C. J. CLAY AND SON,
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.
i
(l^jt MlillugljbiT ^atuU)
FOR THE
REPRINTING OF SCARCE ORNITHOLOGICAL WORKS.
ESTABLISHED 1879.
Committee of Selection :
ALFEED NEWTON, M.A., F.R.S., V.P.Z.S.
OSBERT SALVIN, M.A., F.B.S., F.Z.S.
PHILIP LUTLEY SCLATER, M.A., F.R.S., Sec. Z.S.
THE PAST AND PBE8ENT EDITORS OP "THE IBIS."
Director:
W. B. TEGETMEIER, F.Z.S.
FINCHLEY, N.
Secretary :
F. DU CANE GODMAN, F.L.S.
CHANDOS-STREET, CAVENDISH-SQUARE, LONDON, W.
r
13?!
s^i^'w:!'
THE WILLUGHBY SOCIETY.
r
III
J.
At a Meeting of Ornithologists, at 6, Tenterden-street, Hanover-square,
ou ]\Iay 7, 1879, Professor Newton in the Chair, it was agreed "That
an Association should be formed for reprinting certain Ornithological
Works interesting for their utility or rarity."
The late and present Editors of "The Ibis" and Mr Tegetmeier
were requested to form an Organising Committee to promote this
object, and Mr F, Godman to act as Secretary.
The Committee thus appointed met at 11, Hanover-square, on
•Tiuie 4, 1879, when it was agreed ; —
I. " That this Association be called * The Willughby Society for
the reprinting of scarce Ornithological Works.' "
II. "That the Annual Subscription be ^1, payable to the
Secretary."
III. "That no Copies of Works reprinted by The Willughby
Society be sold."
IV. "That every Member of The Willughby Society shall be
entitled to one Copy of each Work printed in the year for
which he shall subscribe."
In order to carry out effectually the object of this Society, it is
necessary that the number of Members should be as large as possible :
those, therefore, who wish to join it are requested to communicate
with the Secretary, Mr F. D. Godman, 10, Chandos-street, Cavendish-
square, W.C.
The following works have been already issued by the Society : —
For the Subscribers of the year 1880.
Tunstall's " Ornithologia Britannica." Edited by Professor
Newton, F.R.S.
Desfontaines' "Mdmoire sur quelques nouvelles espfeces d'oiseaux
des c6tes de Barbaric," from "Hist, de I'Acad. des Sciences,"
1787. Edited by Professor Newton, F.R.S.
Sir Andrew Smith's "Miscellaneous Ornithological Papers."
Edited by Os. Salvin, F.R.S.
A. A. H. Lichtenstein's "Catalogus rerum naturalium rarissi-
marum." Hamburg : 1793. Edited by W. B. Tegetmeier, F.Z.S.
r
The Willughhy Society.
For the Subscribers of the year 1881.
ScopOLi's "DelicisQ Flora) et FauiiEB Insubricte" (the portion
rehiting to birds). Edited by Professor Newton, F.R.S,
Forster's "Catalogue of the Animals of North America." Edited
by P. L. Sclater, F.R.S.
Forster's "Account of Birds sent from Hudson's Bay." Edited
by P. L. Sclater, F.R.S.
Leach'.s Catalogue of the Mammalia and Birds in the British
Museum. Edited by W. B. Tegetmeier, F.Z.S.
The following works are under consideration as suitable to tlie
»perations of the Society.
Wagler's Ornithological papers from the "Isis."
Hodgson's papers in the "Indian Review" and "Asiatic
Researches."
Savigny and Audouin's Ornithology of Egypt. The complete text
in 8vo.
Vieillot's " Analyse d'une nouvelle ornithologie."
Barrere's " Ornithologise specimen novum."
Mohring's " Avium genera."
Bechstein's papers in the " Naturforscher."
Temminck's " Catalogue Systdmatique du Cabinet d'Ornithologie."
Sganzin's "Notes sur rOrnithologie de Madagascar," from the
Mem. de la Soc. d'Hist. Nat. de Strasbourg.
Ornithological papers by Ray and Lister in the "Philosophical
Transactions,"
Schwenckfeld's " Aviarium Silesiacum."
Ornithological papers in the Transactions of the Academy of Science.s
of St Petersburg.
Ornithological portion of the Appendices to the " Reise " of Pallas,
S. G. Gmelin, and other Russian Travellers.
Charleton's "Onomasticon."
Turner's ".Avium &c. brevis et succincta Historia."
Barton's " Fragments of the Natural History of Pensylvania."
&c., &c.
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