-,%. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) /. y m /. t/. fA 1.0 IAS I 1.1 11.25 ■ 30 u M |2.5 2.2 -i^ 6" U III 1.6 v] % / 1%/ <^./ <% Photographic Sciences Corporation ». Q ^O^'^^v"^.^ 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. 14580 (716) 872-4503 'thi"e„^'„v -""nor ^'^ whl'„r"^ '''^' ^^^ '» 'he mZnt of a^t;ck ■ F^ when the aggressor advances within a few vard. \r,u' teytS^dt'thrf 'r ^i'' -^ ^4e^Xt when in this situation thev are nfrL"^^ ^ ^°^®^» .4 oth«'Cnf;/h:two™ rr*: ''^"'" "«« 'h«of Bull, by loSe his hJfr, • '" T*!"" = f"' *« Natural IfiMionf, fa Wedder tne off vie- fnJngf they the whole & compact he centre ; ping close esented to thout dan- iniier they nor does ick: For, rds of the uopity, as imself by )r Foxes, cure. — A engage a n that of For tho :e of the m to the THE GOAT. , This lively, playful, and capricious creature, though inferior to the Sheep in value, in variou? instances bearf a strong affinity to that useful animal. The Goat is much more hardy tiian the Sheep, and is, in every respect, more fitted for a life of liberty. It is not easily confined to a flock, but chuses its own pasture, straying wherever its appetite or inclination leads. It chiefly delights in wild and mountainous regions, climb, ing the loftiest rocks, and standing secure on the verge of inaccessible and dangerous precipices ; although, as Ray observes, one would hardly suppose that their feet were adapted to such perilous achievements ; yet, upon a nearer inspection, we find that Nature has provided them with hoofs well calculated for the purpose of climb- ing ; they are hollow underneath, with sharp edges, like ^n the rocky eminences they frequent. 10 Natural History. The Goat is an animal easily sustained, and is chiefly therefore the property of those who inhab t wUd a" «ult.vaied regions, where it finds an ampl supl of food from the spontaneous productions of NaWe, in shuat ons Sv^Pd Z .! "^^y '^^' '■«'•'" ">«n the fields S,i n^^S?^ r^? ""'"f"'y- ^^ '■^^""rite food are the tops of the boughs, or the tender bark of younir trees It bears a warm climate better than the Sheep, and fre: quently sleeps exposed to the hottest rays of ."he sm, , The m. k of the Goat is sweet, nourishing, and medi- cmal and .s found highly beneficial in cons„4t"vec"se Sever^tplaces in the north of England and the monn ta.nous farts of Scotland are much^esorted to fr"he purpose of drinking the milk of the goat ; and hs effect have been often salutary in vitiated and debmtated habS S^Cri ^T °"''«!'"''' «"'' in the Highlands of Scotland, their Goats make the chief possessions of the mhabitants; and, in most of the mountainous parts of of Hf? ' 7hl^'^" n^ives with many of the necessaries are soft, clean, and wholesome ; they live upon their milk, and eat bread ; they convert part of it into butter and some into cheese. The flesh of the kid is consMer ed as a great rarity; and, when properly prepwed is esteemed by some as little inferior to venison? I Natural Hittory. i% ind is chiefly wild and un. upply of food in situations in the heathy an the fields ite food are young trees, ep, andfre- 'the sun. ?, and medi- iptive cases, d the moun- d to for the id its effects tated habits, iglilands of sions of the us parts of necessaries dns, which upon their nto butter, s consider- •epared, is -!► THE ASS. The Ass, it is probabh iginally of of ^ native Arabia and other parts of the East : The deserts Lybia and Numidia, and naany parts of the Archipelago, contain vast herds of wild Asses, which r^n with such amazing swiftness, that even the fleetest Horses of the country can hardly overtake them. They are chiefly caught by the natives on account of their fiesh, which is eaten by them, and considered as a delicious repast. The ffesh of the common or tame Ass is however drier, more t gh, and disagreeable than that of the Horse : Galen says, it is even unwholesome ; Its milk, on the contrary, is an approved remedy for certain disorders. The Ass, like the Horse, was originally imported into America by the Spaniards, where it has run wild, and become extremely numerous. Ulloa informs us that, in the kingdom of Quito, they hunt them in the following manner : — A number of persons on horseback^ attended by Indians on foot, form a large circle in order lo drive tJ^e^n into a narrow compass, where at full 19 A'otural Hittory. MM6 they throw a nonse over themand having secured them with fetters, leave them till the chase it over, whioh frequently lasts for several daya. The qualities ofthisammal are 80 well known as to toeed no dewsription : His gentleness, patience, and perseverance, are without example ; He is tempeiate with rcfard to food, and eats contentedly the coarsest and most neglected herbage : If he give the preference to any vegetable, it is to the plantain, for which he will neglect every other herb in the pasture. In his water he IS smgukrly nice, drinking only from the clearest brooks. He is so much afraid of wetting his feet, that even when londen, he will turn aside, to avoid the dir- ty parts of the road. He is stronger in proportion to his size, than the Horse ; but more sluggish, stubborn and untractable. Me i« hardier than Ihe Horse; and. of all other quadru- •pwte, J9 least infitsted witij Hoe or other vermin ; pro- bably owing to the extreme hardneas anddryoees of ftii Bkini For the same reason, periiapsi he is less ••nsitiveofthegoads of the whip, or the sdiiging of flies. «« u th!«e or four years in coming to penfection < Mil lives to the age of twenty, or someUmes twenty^ ve yiafs. He bleeps much kes than the Horse, and mvet net «owti for that purpose but mhm be is miich&l%iied. . Natural History. in itig secured 86 it over, nown as to ience, and I tempeiate be coarsest preference lich he will Q his water he clearest is feet, that sid the dir- ^ than the intractable* er quadrti* mio ) pro« iryoeaa of he it less iiig of flies, enaction } wcnty-ffiye and nevtt • f ■ lU'ili'l'in,.., . , r-!—^^^ — ^!ii£jg^(b«<^«.<..~-' THE DOG. The dog is giAed with that sagacity, vigilence, and fidelity, which qualify him to be the guard, the com- panion, and the friend of man ; and happy is he who finds a friend as true and faithful as this animal, wbo will rather die by the side of his master, than take a bribe of a stranger to betray him. No other animal is so much the companion of man as the dog. The dog uuderstands his master by the tone of his voice ; oay, even by his looks, he is ready to obey hm. Dogs are very serviceable to man. A dog will con- duct a flock of sheep, and will use no roughness but to those who straggle, and then merely to bring them back. The dog is said to be the only animal wbo al- ways knows his master, and the friends of his family ; who distinguishes a stranger as soon as he arrives ; who understands his own name, and the voice of the domes- tics ; and who, when be has lost his master, calls for him by cries and lanaeniaiions. A dog is ths m^X wm.^ I^aciou^ animal we have, and the most capable of eda« 14 Natural W^ory. h cation. In most dogs the sense of smeliinc is keen • » which way .he .emis sUS. ti T. V/r.haT The inhabitants of the houses round the chSrch dt ilv fed ne'- But he «,ould never qui, the spot ; and there he w J «! T'T "'■""achment between lions and Docs are 1 ho practice of teaohine Docs trick« ■'« ». „w .1. ancient Romans. * ^ '* *' °''' " 'he of MalcetsThfcKTr" °°! " ''°'»«- " ">«> theatre ^«V^,„ k- ' • "'" P«''''""'nedmostextfaordinarv feata feU^hIs«l raT-.ir"^' °'!"" '!"""g» ''"«'"■'""■ druff hv «u,.iu • """ .""""S reigned to eat a certain named spaniel that was vidently d as the theatre 7 feats, fore the 50unter- certain : he bff gan to tremble and stagger, as if he were astonished ; and, at length, stretching himself out stiff, as if he had been dead, he Duffered himself to be drawn and dragged from place to place, as it was his part to do ; but after- wards, when he kn jw il to be time, he began first gent- ly to stir, as if newl}/ awaked out of some profound sleep, and lifting up his head, looked about him, after such a manner as astonished all the spectators. The faculty by which animals can communicate their ideas to each other is very striking ; in Dogs it is parti- cularly remarkable. There are many curious anec- dotes recorded, illustrative of this faculty. At Horton, England, about the year 1818, a gentle«> man from London took possession of a house, the for- mer tenant of which bad moved to a farm about half a mile off. The new inmate brought with him a large French poodle Dog, to take the duty of watchman, in the place of a fine Newfoundland Dog, which went away with his master ; but a puppy of the same breed was lefl behind, and he was instantly persecutt^d by the poodle. As the puppy grew up, the persecution still continued. At length, he was one day missing for some hours ; but he did not come back alone ; he returned with his old friend the large house-dog, to whom he had made a communi- cation ; and in an instant the two fell upon the unhappy poodle, and killed him before he could be rescued from their iury. In this case, the injuries of the young Dog must have been made known to his friend ; a plan of revenge con- certed ; and the determination to carry that plan into effect formed and executed with equal promptitude. 16 ^Qturul Hisiory. m been JamV f ecarried^K"'' " '""« "?«"!«' *ho had ed "P his leg, and, aCr ,w„ r^K*"'"!,' ' ''°'~' ""ndag- our. '^The Eof, re uroed to .h^ '*' ''"Pi '"'"«'' ''*»> several months, the sbanipl . • •*''heendof in company with another Dni !?""!. ''rf'"^'' •""'^elf ; and he intimated, a, we la, !i,r° '""'/•'''° •»*" '«"«'<' *ould intimate, that he desTre'd .1-?' ""'' '."•'"!.'«'"" '~k» ficer in the 44th re» m^n, „k "°^'T''- ^ B""*'' of- f«ris, topassoneof Te br.'SS^ had occasion, when in his boots, which had h»l„ ^?' ","'**' "•» Seina, had which he contriv'^d ?o rTb h7mi?f 'J?'.^""'««'"« shoeblack was the owner of ,h"n /""''"8 *« the «h9 artifice,- and, aTer 1 iLt h ?' ^ ""i"^ •»''" ""•» «hal he had taught the DoJlL! .''T'"'"'. ''« '^<^*'>^ customers for himself Th^!if' ""^ I." •*"''«' '° P««"« -,;.i, .1.- T^ . '"""«"• ine officer be oir mi.^K ......i. ■ '■■= "og « »*gacuy, purchased himTt ."hiirp';^;'; n io a more as betweeo c anecdote, f who had JCi bandag. urned him •use every the end of i himself ; en lamed ; s;ent looks assistance wed upon ive occur- markabie British of- wheo in line, had ^ed, dirt- e in con> 5 bridge, yre than he Dog, fer, and against that the m with nfessed )rocure price, Afatural History. IT and brouffht him to England. He kept him tied up in London for some time, and then released him. The Dog remained with him a day or two, and then made his escape. A fortnight afterwards he was found with his former master, pursuing his old trade on the bridge. A friend of mine had a poodle Dog possessed of more than ordinary sagacity, but he was, however, under little command. For the purpose of keeping him in better order, my friend purchased a small whip, witb which he corrected the Dog once or twice during a walk. On his return the whip was put on a table in the hall, and the next morning it was missing. It was soon after- wards found concealed in an old building, and was again made use of in correcting the Dog. It was, however, again lost, but found hidden in another place. On watching the Dog, who was suspected of being the cui- prit, he was seen to take the whip from the hall-table, and run away .with it, in order again to hide it. We must not neglect to mention the utility of Dogs to those unfortunates who are deprived of sight. The sa gacity and fidelity of these little creatures are admira- ble. In America, it is not common to see a blind beg- gar led by a Dog, but in Europe the spectacle is of fre- quent occurrence. It is well known that one of these Dogs will lead the blind man about, stopping at such places as lie is accus- tomed to ask alms at, wil' 'ead him safely between carts and waggons, and show ihd most surprising intelligence and fidelity in taking care ofh'm. i» Natural History, ''■•"• j.'*""»«miiiiiii„,,'7,Tj|"*^ THE COW. ours ofheat and cold- and Unn\''^K?"''"""g *« rig- succeeding y^as. ano^IrTnil tdlr''T^K''"''r«^ Jowing three years before hfii a™! ^'""' ''}' «!• J:tr,^ tor ^^ °^ 4rthr==3:s ;s? <.thers give' from lnto&lTT.r°''^^!''y--''^^^ •twenty. Tlie richnew ^r .k ' *"'' sometimes even to'e to its rne"etr ft Cb """'"""'^^ "°' " Cows giving upwards of ttoty nuarf, ^f ° '".^fwoes of In sucli cases, tliere is a nLl-. J """""""« "Jay. thrice.-Prom',he mi,k'J,^^7!,«y *<" '"ping them teen pounH- ^f-n- ^ '"''"'«' twe vn or ng for the table.— Mr. Hunter observes, that the flesh of the Free Martin, like that orthe Ox, i; much finerin rhf6;ferpri<:^:Se^ ''«'-'=y °^«— - -d bear. ao Natural HuUny. THE ELEPHANT, £xt: 'XS ttr- r^rf -^ The Elephant is Tnative nf Y^? ""T dominions, not to be found in its natural st^^ •^J?'^ ^^'^' ""d « America. From thp r ^ o ^"''^'' "» Europe or Good Hope, rit^;?;.fjf?«g«' to the Cape of this extensile region^ L? '" 8"^" numbers. In in any other parfof 'thT^^rL"' "«"-\n"»erous than of man. ThUy^^lZh^nZuw'^^ ^ 'S"'""' ■nstead of attemptit "n tn.^"? ?/.*■»" dreary cofctr,. . = - -DQuc ihis powerful animal. Aatnral Hislory. 31 taken into >ent in the ^one in sa- employed f ostenta- ^ern prin- nions. 'a, and is lUrope or Cape of >ers. In ous than 8 fearful coflntiy, animaX and render it subswrvient to their necessities, seem de- sirous only of avoiding its fury. Sparrman says, that in the country near the Cape they are sometimes seen in large herds, consisting of many hundreds ; and thinks Jt probable, that^ in the more remote and unfrequented parts of that vast country, they are still more numerous. They are frequently hunted by the colonists at the Cape, who are very expert in shooting them, and make great advantage of their teeth. The largest teeth weigh an hundred and fiAy pounds, and are sold to the gover- nor for as many guilders ; so that a man may earn three hundred guilders at one Skiot. It is not therefore to he wondered at, that a traffic so lucrative should tempt the hunter to run great risks. In approaching this ani- mal great care must be taken to steal upon him unper- ceived. If the Elephant discovers his enemy near, he rushes out, and endeavours to kill him. One of these hunters being out upon a plain, under the shelter of a few scattered thorn trees, thought he could be able ta advance near enough to shoot an Elephant that was at a little distance from him ; but he was discovered, pur- siied and overtaken by the animal, which laid hold oC him with his trunk, and beat him instantly to death. u J^alural History. n.fr c THE CAT liiffers from the Wild-Cat in k and. instead of being uniformi* ^. ""'"^ somewhat leas - °"» ' "d/whether e ' ei- ^'''"8' ""^ ''amour- great distance, and is so well tn„ ""7 "* beard at a J'ly. that on some oe^Zl *" '" ""e whole frater .•jf" brongh, together f 1"%;^^''' '■""'*^«« Cats hTve 'he piercing cries of t*'^!;;"'" P"'^- Invited 7 creature, they assemhil ? '"^ * sufferinc fel'. ^ squalls and veil, '" '"■°"'''' i and. with 7 K •naiscnminately, til/ ibe,. Saiural History. M lat less i ^latnour- '^ove, is ard at a B frater- ts have 'ited by fell- ratines. 3f and, n each there t« scarcely one left. These terrib'e conflict, liappen on- Jy in the night ; and, though rare, initancea of very furious engagements are well authenticat d. In the time of Hoel Ihe Good, King of Wales, who died in the year 984, laws were made as well to pre- serve, as to fix the different prices of animals ; amonir which tiio Cat tvas included, as being at that period of great importance, on account of its scarceness and utility. Ihe price of a kitten before it could see 'was fixed at one penny ; till proof could be given of its hav- ing caught a mouse, two-pence ; after which it was rated at four-pence, which was a great sum in those days, when the value of specie was extremely high • It was likewise required, that it should be perfect in its senses of hearing, and seeing, should be a good mouser, have Its claws whole, and, if a female, be a careful nurse : If it failed in any of these good qualities, the seller was to forfeit to the buyer the third part of its value. If any one should stealer kill the Cat that guarded the Princess granary, he was either to forfeit a milch ewe, her fleece and lamb, or as much wheat as, when poured on the Cat suspended by its tail, (\\a Lsjad touching the floor,) would form a heap high enoueh to cover the tip of the former.-From henci we may conclude, that Cats were not originally natives of these islands ; and from the great care taken to improve and preserve the breed of this prolific creature, we may n Pilose, were but little known at that period.— What- ever credit we may allow to the circumstances of the well-known story of Whittington and his Cat, it is ano- ifter proof of the great value set upon this animal in for- mer tiqries. «4 * M^aiurai Histoty THE STAG, OR RED DEER. *he flexfbility of ll ClJll^tT^ °f'", motion,, which are annua% re„^t ed l^^" ^T^^'^e horn. «ud swiftness, give him rdeeiSiH^™"'^^"^ '"""S* *very Cher inhfbi.an. of fl^SesI P'*'-«'"'"«»«"»ver yea?eVhrs''X''fh:rl'r ub''^ "' "-^ The fir., ed with a hairy skfn.h'i^™"'^^' *'"'«''»«»'•'■• f«r.ight and J^gle1'"h'e h!rd vL?"'.""* ^""^ -* lers, the fourth three the fifth / '^"^"'^ '"'° »»'• « the sixth vear^p ,„.! '°" ' ""''■ ""hen arrived each side ; but the nu^hi"' """'"'" '" »''* °' »ven oo The Slag tol, to sh!^ h''*'l''"'''y' '*««''°- February, fr S^lZ^nl^^.tr^. l^J^LV*' ?f g ^„, ^wju atMir ina film uii aiHir ij|6 QiCf Natural History. 2b &»»■ > >eer kind. ' motions* fig horns, strength, >nce over The first is cover* >rn8 are two ant- : arrived leveo 00 n. r end of horn has fallen off, a soft tumour begins to appear, which is soon covered with a down like velvet : Th-s tumour every day buds forth, like the graft of a tree; and rising by degrees, shoots out the antlers on each side : The skin continues to cover it for some time, and is furnished with blood-vessels, which supply the grow- ing horns with nourishment, and occasion the furrows observable in them when that covering is stript off: The impression is deeper at the bottom, where the ves- sels are larger, and diminishes towards the point, where ihey are smooth. When the horns are at thjir full growth they acquire strength and solidity ; and the velvet covering or skin, its blood-vessels, dries up, and begms to fall off; which the animal endeavour* to hast- en, by rubbing them against the trees; and, in this manner, the whole head gradually acquires its com- plete hardness, expansion and beauty. The usual colour of the Stag, in England, is red ; in other countries, it is generally brown or yellow. His eye is peculiarly beautiful, soft, and sparkling : His hearing is quick ; and his sense of smelling acute- When listening, he raises his head, erects his ears, and seems attentive to every noise which he can hear at a great distance. When ho approaches a thicket, he stops to look round him on all sides, and attentivelv surveys every object near him : If the cunning animal perceive nothing to alarm him, he moves slowly for- ward ; but, on the least appearance of danger, he flies off with the rapidity of the wind. He appears to listen with great tranquillity and delight to the sound of the shepherd s pipe, which is sometimes made use of to tl- ^•-t-^ Lt,v yxjxji auidiai w lis oesiruciion. 26 Natural History , THE HORSE. »,I!l! ''"fT «'"=«"«n=ies of this noble animal, the grandeur of hiis stature, the elegance and propSn of h.s parts, the beautiful s.noothoess of his sk ,MheTn« ly and grticefulness of his motions, and. atove all M, The Horse, in his domestic state, is generous dorilp r«?f r ^f ^'' °^^'^"^ ' ^^^P^^d ^° fhe v^^'^o^s pur! poses of pleasure and convenience, he is equaHv servi Although the Horse is endowed with vast strength «n^ powers, he seldom exer.s either to the prejureff Xt labours, and seems to participate in his Dleasurei • generous and Dersevfinn^ Ko J;.... . " " Pjeasures ; , p, ...^ giTca up iiiB wnoie pow- Natural History. 27 ers to the service of his master ; though bold and intre- pid, he represses the natural vivacity and fire of his temper, and not only yields to the hand, but seems to consult the mclmation,ofhis rider. But it must continue to be matter of regret to every fe^ehng mind, that these excellent qualines should be often shamefully abused in the most unnecessary exer- lions ; and the honest labours of this noble animal thrown away in the ungrateful task of accomplishing the purposes of unfeeling folly, or lavished in gratifyina the expectations of an intemperate moment. "^ ^ ^ animal, the roportion of i» the varie- Jveall, his story of the ous, docile, irious pur- lally servi- rength and 'ice of his him in his pleasures ; "hole pow* ^ Natural History. THE CAMEL. .ure, what .hol^ u^eWe^ .t™ l^;-' Z « «-' .-?- rich and nourishing . or,,i , '? ""^^ 'o "s. Its milk is makes a So^ •„rtft's'hF„."''K"'' "'"• '^«'-' ««ed by the Arabs iM^^^^t^T^^l'l^^ '"""'' Camel, is al.o »„ excelle,,. and wh .lesome ^0/ -Th "^ Jiair or fleece, which falls ofTenlire Iv ?n ,h» ^^'"■' superior 10 that of anv „iho,^ T ^- . sprmg, is madointoveryfil siuff^'f' It*''' ""'"">>• ""d is and other funfiiure ' '^'°'°">«^' coverings, tents, Camel : his al much ' r^""'^^ ''"'■"*'"'• ""'" 'he In^Arahw. they are trained fo] running ^^.h„. . .„. •- "»uy Places, tor carrying couriersT wh'o'"can"go JSTatural History. 29 above a hundred miles a day on them, and that for S^Ts^r '^l^her^'"-' over burning a^d uninhabit oieaeserlp. Ihey require neither whip nor sour »o quicken their pace, but go freelv, if g'^nHy treated? and are much enlivened by singing or the sout^d of the pipe, which gives them spirits to pursue their journey They are mild and gentle at all times, except whe,; they are ,n heat: At that period they are seized with The Camel arrives at its full strength at the aire „f SIX years, and lives forty or fifty. ° ^ ' The females are not u'sually put to labour, but are al- lowed to pasture and breed at fill liberty. 'TheirTime -f gestation is nearly twelve months ; and thev general- ly bring forth one at a birth. ^ general 90 s Natural History. THE HOG. of a beas. of prey, and a wild K^ Ta v^J'^Jltyt" by .. .a.p,e of Z .earned .^Z^^^ ^Ta^ ^^ t^i ndter J^- -^£ fcl r.ff r^.*'"''"'^''* ""'"""d fruit, and «r?i, ho .„od^„A"^°' ',!i!f.!"'l"" "^.^^ finely adapted .0 i., 1.1..6. i\„.uru nas given it a form more prone M'atural History. SI ma Is called like those avage aiii- y untracta- it appears ihey may /^ greedy^ very ijsew ^et where very nice d wait the eat rotten ^k, small id a quick ted to its ore prone than that of other animals. Its neck is strong and brawiiey ; its snout is long and callous, well calculated for the purpose of turning up the earth for roots of various kmds, of which it isexfremely fond ; and it has a quick sense of smelling, by whirh it is (enabled lotrace out as food. It is naiuially stupid, inactive, and drow- sy ; much inclined to increase in fat. winch is disposed in a difTr^rent manner from that of oiher anin.nLs and '"•''"**« 'huk and regular coal befueen ihe flolrand the skin. It is resilej^s at a change of weather ; and, during certain high winds, is so agitated, as to lun vio- lently, screaming horribly at the same time. It ap- pears to foresee the approach of bad weaiher. as it pre- viously carries straw in its mouth to its sly, prepares a bed, and seems endeavouring to hide itself from the mipending storm. Linnaeus observes, that the flesh of the Hntr is a wholesome food for those that uj*e much exercise, but bad for such as lead a sedentary life, h is of univer- sal use, and makes in various ways a constant arlide in the elegancies of the table. It is of great importance to this country, as a commercial nation ; for it takes salt better than any other kind, and consequently is capable of being preserved longer: It is therefore of great use in ships, and makes a principal part of the provisions of the British Navy. 39 'Natural History. THE LION. . Is eminently distinguished from \h^ rest a« wpII i size and strength, as by his laro-^nn fl' • ^'' '" i^l; . & » "-^ ^'^ Ilia iiiige and nowinof mnnn Inis anima is produced m Ar..;no "^'"©/"""o- parts of Asia. ^''''''"^^^ '» Africa, and the hottest portion a. .t approaches the habitation! oHh; ittmln" nisarnns, it looses is natural fnrMfiw}^ ♦« pw*»ci oi as to be terrified a. the sound of his vo ce'""l. I T^ places in the neighbourhood\?[heir wiWe™ "' '"''"^ Sheat\:;;;:r :;lr:,^.^ v^!,v| ,^«^'" "r . i V •"'• ^"«n, j/uu our. nis tongue, - -. J in s well mane. le hottest ?e dimin- » in pro- e human >ower of a degree has been andsufs lurking Hciently f educa- jpers of tongue, ^ ^k V JValwal Hiitory. f/i, ^uJ""tL '!"'■ 'T""' ""'* "*•'" '='«'"*»« him without kirr^p "'""' T""^ '" ^" "" "-''h a sullen .r,,1m/„f r"''5 '"^ "'^'y '■«'=''a'«» "I's uumeriled ^f^ t .„ V -J^'Serous however, to provoke him !^,.-^' ?''uP*"''.."P°" his temper with too great I. on m bis chamber, and employed a servant to aliCnd Thi, in'i "a "a "*""' •'"'.''®'' his blows with caresses, i ms ill.judged association continued for some time. »r»l n^'"'"* l-^ geni'^man was awakened by an un- usual noise in his room, and drawing his curtains, he perceived ,. to proceed from the Lion, which wasgriwi uft killed a'„H°h^'"^""' ""^PPy """•• '^hom it had just killed, and had separated his head from his body. rhe terror and confusion ofthe gentleman may be easi- ly conceived : He flew out ofthl room ; and, with the assistance of some people, had the animal sec Jred froin doing further mischief. The form of the Lion is strikingly bold and majeMic : His large and shaggy mane, which he can erect at pleasure, surrounding his awful front ; his huge eves brows ; his round and fiery eyeballs. Uich upon \L east irritation, seem to glow with peculiar lustre ; tipge- ther wiih the formidable appearance of his leeth -fx- d^cribe*!"""'^ ""'"^ ^'^'"''"" *'"''h uo words can The length of the largest Lion is between eieht and foT/'n'- '"k* If ^'r' ^"'"- ""J i'^ height »b„ui fi,ur Z . h' Y- ?" '^""''« '» »hout one fourth par less, and without the mane. 34 Natural History. i -As the Lion advances in years h^ m«n^ ger and (hickpr Tk« '"y^^'^*'' "s mane grows on- cry cra„,e. is tk VX^::^^:Z. '"""''■ "^ a..d take 'his pJ^; fl ",,7 ZT" '" ""■'^'"" crouches on liis bellv i,, «,? u- f ''"* purpose, he "■" hU prey .;|pr„actr.r,n ''''''''; ,^''^^« ''« ^'"•"' »pring/he le^r unm. '.,""''• ''^"v'""' ""« Prodigious '^eo.f fee, a3 SJiv"' ^ """"'u^ of ml„ or If ho miss his objfc he-^v™' " f,' "'" '^''' '«'"'"»• lUres the ground stpn iJT i "'"*"*"• '"■ mea- rorano.hefoppor.uX-TLi'l"".'? "^T" "^^ '""■'"■' river; where he freoupmlv h." ^ '"^ ^"'^ °^ " .he^ron';'ThTha:nor± "-'T' 'f '""^" -""- «ha„ ferocious n her chamctr ' Y™" 'T-P""'""' ^°'' '"°'-'" weeks old. are only^^tge .17^ s^^JZ":'" ^ '■^■ harmless, pretty, and playful asSs °^'' ""'' =" ties toThc ir^^dto irr 'r t"^ ^"<^™- o-' ter multitudes of^ales ha t:„^o^ ?:, n"*>* -uKi liuuiu rnien can eas grows lon- lis body 19 ish on the il: VVhen niler. Its 'y» except cuse, no envour to ariifico, '"pose, he he waits rodigious ^Heen or t bound. if ; and, It" mea* in ivait be Lion ide of a 'fcatch- er than id moi-f* 1 afe- md ai i qua) harar en M n eas Natural History. 95 iLfaTfl' "Ttu^'t ""•''"• But wu should consider n somP If "^ t" ''''"? "^ '°"g "'"« <=<'"fi"«d h>« lost n ,h» ■iT'^'"''*' "'^ 1""'"'«^ ^''Wch characterize him in the Jildorncs.. Ti,erc he is represented by traveller^ as a bloodthirsty and ferocious, yet slv, cowardlv and treacherous animal, stealing upon hsprevTkea cat and often retreating with fear wLn faced ^a man! The Lion prmcpaliy lives in the plains of Asia and Africa and is always found where there are large herds of wild ante opes and other animals (ceding Sher The Lion follows these herds, and kills them ni|ht bv tlhw X'^""^' "'"'"• T° *«•'« ""im'ils the Lion IS an object of unceasing dread. when", nnn"'"' ''-^ ,"" ^Si'ation which oxen display when a Lion is near them, that they can scent him at a considerable distance. Whatever may be his strenl therefore, and wo know it is prodigious, it i ev dent he could not easily take these ani othe? animals b'stei^^" alone. The instinctive fear of the creatures upon which he preys would be constantly called into action by their keen sight and acute scent ; and they would remove to ThT uT\T ''"■"IT "" ^'™y«-«""' reach thlm! ine Liion, too, as well as the tiger and others of the same species seldom runs. He Either walk "or creeps! or, for a short distance, advances rapidly by sriat bounds. It ,s evident, tliereibre, thnt he IZ fdze CrinL^Tw 'k'""" '? '=»' «"<=^ tor an open at! WCK , and that his character is necessarily that of ereat