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'rata o >elure, H J«A 12 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ■■*lPWi^Hf /•' MM 1 LIFE AND PUBLIC SERVICES OF THE RIGHT HONOURABLE SIR GEO. MURRAY. REPRINTED FROM RFAL L'S "LIVES OF EMINENT STATESMEN.*' ■'t [tr MANCHESTER: WlIinrED & PUBLISHED BY LEICE3TEE & HEWITT, CBSiOmCVi AND STANDARD OFFICE, 4, ST. ANN'S-STBEBT. « PRICE ONE PENNY. .tf • t f t f LIFE & PUBLIC SERVICES OF SIE G. MUERAY. The RIGHT HONOURABLE SIR GEOtlGE MURRAY, G.C.B., is the second son of Sir William Murray, Bart., of Ochtertyre, in Perthshire, and of Lady Augusta Mackenzie, youngest daughter of George, thii'd Earl of Cromartie. The family of Mmray of Ochtertyre, hranched off from the house of Tallyhardine (now Athoil), in the begin- ning of the fifteenth century, during the reign of James the First of Scotland, and allied itself again to that house by the maniage of Sir WilHam Mumay, third Baronet of Ochtertyre, with the grand-daughter of John Murray Marquis of Athoil, and Lady AmeHa Sophia Stanley^ daughter of James, seventh Earl of Derby. Sir George Mun'ay, and his elder brother the late Sir Patrick Murray, Bart., received their education at the High School, and at the University of Edinburgh. The elder brother attached himself to the study of the law, and was called to the Scotch bar. He sat in Parliament for some time as representative for the city of Edinburgh, and afterwards accepted a seat on the bench in Scotland as a Baroii of the Court of Exchequer. His assiduity and integrify as a Judge procured for him general esteem, and the zeal and ability with which he applied himself to cotintry affairs, together with his liberality and dis- interestedness in promoting undertakings of public utility, have endeared his name to all ranks in thercotfnty in ■Irhich he resided. ' - o-' ^ Sir^George Murray, the younger brother, made choice of the military profession, and was appointed in 1789 to an Ensigiicy in the 7ist regiment of foot, from which he was removed to the 34th, and in June, 1 790, id the 3rd v-aaras. on ine breaking out of the war with Frsttice in 1793, he accompanied his regiment to Holland, and was ] me sie^e u ^ , • u ^^ the attack at Lannoy. At ?"Jf fT„ LKto be on duty with a working party ■ * ^t tlXs on &e night when the globes of compres- m the trenches »" ""^^^ covert-way was stormed. Ivh ,ion ««'«„^,tf tlo.^„fto 1 w^^^^^ result of those going round next morning t ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ ^,^^^^^ °P,T Tfthfreriment had beenleftbehindin the covert- soldiers of the regiment ha ^^^^^ ::?e Al"e'rd~avU, but they could neither be were sne«« «" ^ „un,ose of assistance or removal, with- approaehed f"' X'Co/musquetry from the ramparts :SlSrSato of thr:Lm/ Ensign Murray^ still in tne "'-'^"fr , ,v rescue of these men, anil however, ^f ^^^^ *° ^^ *" a brtwrprivate soldiers of M, example b^ ff;-;^ '^^/;^^J,,t^ llrr:Z:ing%rwid men from their distressmg situation. promoted to a Lieutenancy In January, l^*, he wasp returned to with the rank °^.9^Pn',*^y"'to glanders in the ^"«^'"*;f tfe'sSyei a^d^ i» *« retreat through summer of the same yeai, «. appointed m.v^cHnn but returned mreoruary, nw", « a-j j« SCantSSr Onthe|thofAn^^^^^^ obt^ed a conipany "^ ^^^'f 2Sd^„ ^Staff iu P.'r "rt M^^talGe^S dS^ent on the expe- «;S.?^^!:;unTafd was wounid in the acUon near the Helder. ./■ ] nars , the At York show or in arms, party ipres- jd. Ini [those tunded :overt- ;e men her he i, with- mparts lurrajr, n, arift diers of succeed ;ressmg tenancy med to in the through ppointed pbell, on imer he intended [he West Admiral I account J Aid-de- Staff in 1799, he e rank of 3 Staff in the expe* ;tion near On returning from Holland he proceeded with his regiment to the south of Ireland, and joined the force assembled at Gibraltiir in the autumn of 1800. under the orders of Sir Ralph Abercrombie. That General again appointed Lieutenant-Colonel Murray to the Quai-ter-Master-Generars department, and dispatiiied him to Jaffa, to apprize the Grand Vizier of the approach of the British airmament, and to concert measures ^vitli his Highness, for the co-operation of the allied forces in the intended (jxpedition against the Frencli in Egypt. He rejoined Sir Ralph Abercrombie in tlie Bay of ' Marmoice, and on the day of the disembarkation of the British army in the bay of Aboukir, he was attached by the Commander-in-Chief to Major-General Sir John Moore, who had charge of the right wing of the troops ordered to land first, and to whom it was allotted to dis- lodge the enemy from a high sand hill, which formed the principal feature in their position. He was present in the expedition againt Rosetta; in the affair of .Rhamaine; at the investment of Cairo, and of Alexandria; and, on the close of the campaign, his services were rewarded by the Captain Pacha, in the camp before Alexandria, with the decoration of the second class of the order of the Crescent. Dining the peace which followed the successful expe- dition to Egypt, Lieutenant-Colonel Murray was ap- pointed Adjutant-General to the forces in the West Indies, in which he remained only one year, in conse- quence of an arrangement then contemplated to reduce the Staff of the army, by employing deputies only at the Ihead of the several military depai-tments, every where ' but in England. Lieutenant-Colonel Murray being thus recalled, received an appointment at the Horse- Guards, in the Quarter-Master-General's department; which was, at that time, placed on a more extended footing than it had before been. In 1804, he was appointed Deputy-Quarter-Master-General in Ireland; and, in the following year, he served in the same branch of the Staff, with an allied army then forming in Hanover, but wliich was broken up in consequence of the defeat of the Austrians and Russians at \usterlitz. Having returned to Ireland in his former capacity, he in 1806. affoin nlaced at the head of the Quarter- r wf^^ 6 Master-General's department, in an expedition which proceeded in the first instance to Stralsund, to take part in a corahined plan of operations on the Continent, which plan was frustrated by the successes of the French m Poland, and the consequent peace concluded between Napoleon and the Emperor of Riissia on the river Niemen. The British force m the Baltic was, however, largely augmented from England, and directed against Copenhagen; Lieutenant-Colonel Murray still remam- iJ at the head of the Quarter-Mastcr-General s Staff oi the expedition. Having returned to Ireland, he was again called upon, in the spring of 1808, to pre^eed on a mission to Sweden ; and a body of troops being soon after sent to that counUy under Sir John Moore, Lieute- nant-Colonel Murray was appointed Quarter-Master- General to it. On the return of the troops from Sweeden, Lieutenant-Colonel Murray accompanied them to Portugal, where they joined the army which had already began to act in that country under tlie orders of Sir Aither Wellesley. He landed m Portugal with Su Harry Bun-ard on the morning of the day on which the battle of Vimiero was fought, and became Quarter- Master-General to the British forces in the Peninsula. Kt capacity he accompanied Sk John Moore mto Spain ; was present at the battle of Corunna, and from 1 ence returned to England with the arm^ He soon after obtained the rank of Colonel ; and m the po«th ^^^^^ April 1809, embarked at Portsmouth with Sir Arthur Wellesley, to resume the situation of Quarter-Master- General of the army in the Peninsula, wlncn he con- tinned to fill from that time until the end of the conU- nental war in 1814, with the exception of the year 1812 during which he was at home, and held the appointment of Quarter-Master-General in Ireland. ^^ _1°^^' Colonel Munay had been raised to the rank of Major- General, and the decoration of the second class of the order of the Tower and Sword had been bestowed upon luin by the Prince Regent of Portugal.* S'r;r,f Xor1'S?L,*o« to Ma^or-Ceneral Murra,, dated May 2m, 1812, ^ ^ at Fumtd duinaldo, tn Spam. ^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^ ^^^^^^ /^ // I Mnnot ituatioB Maior-Gcncral Murray rejoined the anny in the | Peninsula, at Freneda, in Portugal, m the month of with thU army. I acknowledKc that when I flrU^oard o^ your 1^^^^^ ing It ; but wo had ''bought matters to tfiat stale inai wo o ^^^^ tended by peramneut important congc^uence^.^^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^ Vour'a most smcerely, ■Wellingtow." ^^e/SSLf LTS^^^^^^ */.« reply to the alovc Utter, dated, DulUn, I9th of January, 1813. . ^ . « -On my arrival here I received the duplicate of yo«^\«";,';^$^^J^^^ •December the original of which has not yet reached me. The letter which l wroio ZoZ^bTanHcipation before I set out from Scotland, will have ^"ij'lfd you how- faction whicK afford! me vo convey through you to the Commander-iu-Clnef ray SofX condescension and kindnesswith ^hrch his Royal Highness h^^^^^^^ fhat his wishes should be conveyed to me on iho present occasion. 1 he only reomi *Xh "r 8 In my Powef to male for the indulgence which has been so otten .1^^^^^^ to me bY his Royal Highness, is not to relax in my endeavours to discharge my duty -^ tLpubfic service at aU timei to the best of my abiUty, in whatever situation I may be placed." 8 March 1813 ; and his services in the fickl ohtaincd for him the distinction which is now affixed to his name ; having been created a Knight of the Bath in tlie following autumn. When the war ended on the continent of Europe, and Slic British army had returned liome from France, Sir George Murray was appointed Adjutant-General in Ire- land. A proposal being made to him, however, to serve in America, where hostilities still continued with the United States, he emharkea ibr that country in the month of December 1814, and having landed at Halifax, pro- ceeded over-land to Quebec ; but, on the day of his arrival, a courier from Washington brought intelligence of the conclusion of the war. It had been intimated by the Secretary of State to Sir George Murray, before he left England, that, in the event of the negociations then going on at Ghent, terminating in peace with America, it was intended to appoint him to the Government of the Canadas; and he had been directed therefore, in the event of peace being proclaimed, to proceed, in die first instance, to the Upper Province, and assume the govern- ment of it, which he accordingly did. But by the earliest despatches received from England, after the opening of the navigation of the river St. Laurence in the spring, he was informed of the escape of Buonapai'te from the island of Elba, and of the probability of a renewal of war in Europe ; and the option was, at the same time, given to him by tiie Secretary of State, either to remain in Canada, with a view to the fulfilment of the an*angemeut which had been contemplated for him there, or to return to Europe with the prospect of military employment. Sir George Murray immediately made over the government )f Upper Canada to the general officer next in rank tohim- jelf, andon the 4th of June, set outfor the Lower Province. Owing, however, to the tai'dy embarkation of the Ire Dps at Quebec for Europe, and the delay attendant upon sailing with a considerable fleet of transports, he was not enabled to join the army in France till near the end of July, when it had reached Paris. The cessation of hostilities in France, and the con- clusion of a general peace in the autumn of 181 5, led to an arrano^ementj by which a force of 1 50,000 men, under !he denomination' of the " Army of Occupation," was j \i ^ - y t 'J y to remain for five yearn in that country. Tlrat army was formed of contingents furnished by the several allied powers wliicli had contiibuted to the overtlirow of Na- poleon ; and the command of it was conferred unon the Duke of Wellington. Sir George Murray, who was Qupncr-Master-General of the Britisli contingent, was likewise appointed Chief of the General Staff of the Army of Occupation, and he was raised at the same time to the local : ik of Lieutenant-General on the continent of Europe. During the time Sir George Murray held the appoint- f ment of Chief of the General Staff of the allied army in France, several marks of distinction were conferred upon him by the Sovereigns whose troops were serving in that army.* The allied powers having thought fit to shorten the period originally fixed for the continuance of the Army of Occupation, the British troops returned home, in 1818. In the course of the following year, Sir George Miuray was appointed Governor of the Royal Military College at Sandhurst ; which appointment he continued to hold till the year 1824, when he accepted that of Lieutenant- General of the Ordnance, under the Duke of Wellington, then Master-General. He was in 1825, appointed to the command of the forces in Ireland, but quitted that command in 1828, to fill the oflice of Secretary of State for the Colonial and War Department in the Duke of Wellington's administi'ation, on the retirement of Mr» Huskisson. By what has been stated, it will appear, that so long as the country continued to be involved in war. Sir George Murray was diverted from political pursuits by his professional occupations as a soldier ; and his imme- diate connexion with politics can hardly be considered to have taken place till the year 1824, when he was elected to represent the county of Perth in Pai'liament. But his moderation as a politician may be inferred from tht fact, that although party feeling had been very much excited • The first class of the order of Leopold, by the Emperor of Austria ; the first class of the order of St. Alexander Newsky, by the Emporor of Russia ; the first class of the order of the Red Eagle, by the King of Prussia ; the first class of the Guelphic order, by the King of Hanover ; the second class of the order of St. Henry, by the King of Saxonv ; the second class of the order of Maximilian Joseph, by the ILing of Bavaria. The first dass of the French order of J^Iilitar^Ment waa also Offeied to air George Aluiray, by JLOuis ILYHL, but the iJiitisn Govornuiciit did sot sanction his acceptance of it. jillftOwC. 10 in Perthshire for some time, and especially at the two 'elections which immediately preceded that at which ^ir George Murray was chosen, he declmed, alternately, the invitation given hunhy each of the contendmg parUes to come forward as a party candidate, and he did not otter himself until he had fully ascertained that, by doing so, he should put a period to the differences which had existed in the country ; and, also, that he should not interfere with the views of any individual who might have formed, or he considered by others entitled to foim, prior preten- sions to the representation of the county. His election took place, accordingly, with the -entke concurrence ot aU parties, notwithstanding his having become in some de- gree a party man by his recent acceptance of the oflice ol Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance. ^^_- , ,, Sir George Murray's appointment m 1825, to tne militaiT command in Ireland, precluded his takmg any very active part in parliamentary affairs for some time ; he was, however, again unanimously chosen representa- tive for Perthshire, at the general election which took ^ Tn the course of the several ministerial changes of the year 1827, Sir George Murray's appoi-^tment to olface at the head of one or other of the military departments was contemplated, but circumr 'ances occurred which pre- vented any of the then proposed political ai-rangem^ts in which he was included being carried into eftect. we find, however, that in the year 1828, Sir George Murray was a warm supporter of the grant proposed to Mr. tan- ning's family. He argued that such a tribute was justly due to the memory of a public man, so pre-eminently distinguished by his genius, his eloquence, and his ac- Quirements, independently even of every other consider- ation: and, that the omission of it would be a lasting reproach to the nation ;--and that as for those who ap- peared to oppose the grant in the hope of obscuring the fame .f Mr. Canning— their malignity would be defeated like that of Tiberius, in prohibiting the appeai-ance oi the busts of Brutus and Cassius at the funeral of Junia,-— Sed profulgehant Ccssius atque Brutus, eo ipso, quod effiqies eorum non visehantur. , When Mr. Huskisson's retirement from the adminis- teation took place, the seals of the Colonial Department v/ r.v ^ 1 ' f ^/ 11 were given, as has been stated, to Sir George .Murray, then absent on leave from his miUtary command, .and m attendance upon liis duties in Parliament. Havmg thus vacated his seat in the House of Commons, by acceptmg office, he was again chosen for Perthshire, without opposition. /. />, i • ^ r That Sir George Murray's views of Colonial poncy, whilst he held the appointment of Secretary of State, were characterized by liberality of sentiment, was trc- quently admitted, t i by his op,)onents m Parliament, and is fm^her attested, both by his speeches and official dispatches, which have lately been the theme of praise ■ durino- the discussions which have arisen in the House ot ■ Commons on the Canadian rebellion ; when even the I seditious and traitorous fomentors and abettors ot the ■ rebels were compelled to acknowledge, that if the advice I of Sir George Murray had been followed, the rebellion I would not have broken out. I The nature of his opinions on several important ques- I tions of home policy will appear by the statement we are I about to make. In the session of 1829, he supported the I bill for the relief of the Roman Catholics from civil dis- I abilities, by a speech which drew forth a strong eulogium I from a man well qualified, both by abnity and by long ex- I perience, to pronounce an opinion on such matters, bur I Francis Burdett, on addressing the House of Commons I a few nights afterwards upon the same subject, said, *' It I is impossible forme to take leave of this subject without I adverting, with feelings of the highest gratification, to the able assistance the right honourable gentleman (Mr. Peel) received the other evening from the excellent speech of his right honourable and gallant colleague, the Secretary of the Colonies. I must say, that since I have sat in Paxliament, I have never heard a more eff'ective or powerful speech ; or one more calculated to aceomplish Its pui-pose, than that of the right honourable and gallant gentleman ; and it was to me a great gratification to hear it from the lips of a soldier, because I have always had a feeling of regard and attachment towards the body of gentlemen of that profession; than whom none, I be- lieve, are more liberal or enlightened; nor of any classj can it be said more fairly or truly, that they are men of| the world, in the most coiTCct sense of the words ; andj ^i^)f>3' 'V: ,V%-''''w 12 ,hat their experience makes them better acquainted with [he affairs of mankind than other persons, and more cal- lulated for what they are, perhaps, not always given iredit for in this house — the administration of the affairs f natons. The right honourable and gallant gentleman ead, from the ranks of the army, a lectm-e well worthy f the meditation of the Church. We must with refer- nce to it, adopt the reverse of the old adage — cedant rma togcB, and say now — armis cedat toga. But the lost eloquent and admirable part of his speech was one p honourable to liis feelings and imderstanding, — it omprises so much argument in so small a compass, — and oes so directly from the heart of the speaker to the heart f the hearer, that I cannot praise it too highly. It is lat in which, deprecating the civil dissensions that arise •om the existing state of the law as to religious opinions, lie right honom-able and gallant gentleman said: — There are no such regulations in the army ; we have p religious distinctions :— Catholics and Protestants are \i the same footing ; they sleep in the same tent ; they iarch in the same ranks ; they mount the same breach ; ley are emulous only in deeds of glory ; — and, then tliey fall, they are laid together in the same grave, iid their hopes of a blessed hereafter rest upon the same iedeemer.' This eloquent passage from tlie lips of a lilitary man, I will cite as an answer to the senseless ciy f * No Popery ; ' and when any sentiments are attri- uted to persons which they never uttered, for fraudulent bd mischievous purposes, I would have that passage in- !;ribed in letters of gold, and with it I would enrich the ialls of every cottage in England, and every cabin in eland." Sir George Murray was re-elected for his native county , the general ele'ction which took place in the month of ugust 1830, and again in May 1831 . On the occasion ' this last election, he addressed the electors in the ounty Hall of Perth, in a speech of a truly independent iaracter, exhibiting his views as a senator and statesman I a light that must have been highly appreciated by his [mstituents. He said, among many other things too good k to be remembered and admired, that "It would be bll if the people would, at all times, bear in mind at crowds have their courtiers as well as monarchs. \' V ,./ •'^i^^ii^i^Mi iik^£-^. V J t S^ob^fl^S-J^isled'aswell -princes; s^ C'';, «f disea.e^KS.^«t which a free state ought S are in contention against one another, and some u ^^IZ." to the surfi^e, vainly fancies that it is gmi firv'ortexhv which it is itself whirled round, until r ^ddeS»erged, and another rises m. its place , the hkevSi expectations, to shaxe as qmcUy a jii the li'^ll™"' .^ f chaos in the material world, .„dthe continual t^S|^l*^Ct3~ef SXS^^^a'^rgle despot" Sir Ge Mu^arar^expressed his sincere and anxious « St the vessel of the state might longcontmue t» . u?h r Xr^ prosperous voya^; -*,"SS the helm, to guide her in her '"f^ !-^^j!"S that is the influence of property, as baUast to Keep rSlweiJS the hand which holds&el rZ^nbh the weight