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Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent §tre fitmds d des taux de reduction diff6rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour §tre reproduit en un seul cliche, 11 est film6 d partir de Tangle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite. et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants lllustrent la mdthode. rrata :o aelure. t a H 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 To the Members of the Le Clergy Reserves. (From tn< r camintr ■) The Debtcr Account of the Churches of England and Scotland. BALANCE DUE BY THEM TO THE OTHER PROTESTANT DENOMINA- TIONS ; OR, MORE PROPERLY, TO THE PROVINCE,— $1,000,000. As the I _riod is approaching when the ques- tion of Church Endowments is to be diseussed, and the future policy of the Covernmeut in to be determined respecting them, but more parti- cularly with respect to the Secularization and final appropriation of the Clergy Reserves, it becomes an obvious and imperative duty to examine the account of the parties claiming possession or compensation, in order to an cqnitablo adjustment of this long unsettled and fretting grievance. As preliminary to such an examination, the relative position and the legal claims of both parties require consideration ; that is, the par- ties who have, and those who have not, been pensionfers on the public chest, more particu- larly on the Fund arising from the proceeds of the Clergy Reserves. That the lands known as Clergy Reserves were never bestowed as an endowment to any Church or Chinches is obvi- ous from their very iiame They formed a mere reservation for general Protestant pur- poses, subject, by express legislative stipula- tion of the power which made it. to be varied or repealed liy the power to whom it was given — -the Legislature of the Province. That the branches of the National Establishments of Britain in the Province — the Clmrches of Eng- land and ScoUand — had an exclusive right to the monetary benefits arising from this reserva- tion, is not only repugnant to the very language of the .\ct of 1701 itself, but to the testimony of Lord Grenvillo (its framor). Mr. Pitt, Mr. Fox, the Earl of Harrovvby, and Viscount San- don. The two latter noblemen, so late as 18"28, gave undeniable evidence before the Im- perial Parliament, as to the intention of the parties who initiated and carried the measure in 17!»1, to provide for the support of Pro- testantism, in opposition to Roman Catholi- cism— rather than for the support of the Na- tional Church. With this explanation of tiie design of the framers of the Act of ITIM. agrees the o!)inion of tile r.i^lL^li Bt/icli in 1^-ii). Dii tho ISth April, in that ysar. they gave their opinion, and it was unanimous, that the words '• ;i Pro- testant Clergy,' in the Act of 171)1, are " there " used to designate and intend a Clergy oppos- " ed in doctnii'^ and discipline to the Church of " Rome; and nitbei o aim at the cncoiirage- " ment of tiie Protestatit Religion, in opposi- riod when not more than onc-te ulation were identified with the < land, the Government had detei it the National Church of the while we believe that, upon anj computation, that proportion w near to the truth , yet, on the pi we shall essumo, for the sake of i accuracy of the last census (185i mit the same to have held goo lyil to 1853 ; although, upon of computing numbers, they In half that proportion. Besides, as the Churches ol Scotland have been allies in the tion ever since 1827, (the "perioc five-years' war, the Church of Sc a share) we are required to ree numerical strength, and their ji public money, to ascertain the a jointly received belonging, ac constitutional Act, to all other P In making this calculation, v mark that we reckon the Prouir, en to boHi, as recorded in the p the gre .er proportion of which ed from the Clergy Reserves. By th« last Census of Upper the Church of England nuniben Church of Scotland, 57,542,— population, yoiJ,UU4. Giving be latitude, in their computation o jointly embrace only about ';n whole, including Prolestajits tholics, or about one-half of the ulation alone. Now. by reference to the pub find that Provincial Funds h:n those churches in the following To llie Cliurch of Eiiifland, tij) to ls40, . . ." . iiSl.OOU To the t'lnircli of Knglaiitl from Is to to I:?,"!.!, reokouiii^ an aviiriiire of £15,01111 per annum (although in 1853 it was J£i>3,8t8) • . - ■ 1[).',(10( To the cliurch ofScotlanil up to H40 JE12,5U0 To !J, repltoiiiiig uii !ivei-Hi.M' of i;iU,OiJU per an- num (allhonch last year it wus about X13,UUIJ) • ■ I00,0( Reckoning, for the sake of i equal sum, it apnears that the I'loiii the public chest to the c land and Scotland m Upper 185".5, about i:4()0,000, currenc j only other Proluslant denomini i i^tute Peu»lo!K'r« — viz., the \V dists and old United Synod of there has been paid about £4< to eat li.) and to the Roman Co Canada about £IW,000 during To ascertain from the fort amount which has been u \> n -'.ri\ (Viiiu ..i! ■il.hi I I'l''''' -'' .1,° ...:..:-_ I 1*^>- ■•d)out £4(!n,0()0, currenc of the Legislature of Canada. utl wlien not more than one-tenth of the pop- j lation were identified with the Church of Eng- nd, the Government had determined to make the National Church of the Colony Now, hile we believe that, upon any sound basis of imputation, that proportion would he found ear to the trutjj , yet, on the present occasion, e shall pssumo, for the sake of comparison, tho !curacy of the last census (185".2), and shall ud- lit the same to have held good i'roni the year Hi to 1853 ; although, upon any just mode r computing numbers, ihcy liave no right to ilf tiiat proportion. Besides, as the Churches of England and Gotland have been allies in the work of spolia- on ever since 1827, (the period when, aller a ve-years'war, the Church of Scotland received share) we are reiiuired to reckon their joint iimerical strength, and tiieir joint receipts of iiblic money, to ascertain the amount they have lintly received belonging, according to the unstitutional Act, to all other Protestants. In making this calculation, we may also re- lark that we reckon the Provincial grants, giv- n to boHi, as recorded in the public mconiit*). 10 grc i.er proportion of which has been deriv- d from the Clergy Reserves. By th« last Census of Upper Canada (l3o'2) io Church of England numbered 'ri~'iMl iViiiu .,i! iilhi I I'l'i''' -''lilt cumbents, the Churches of England and Scot- land are bound, by the soundest principles of moral justice, to refund the sum of $1,000,000 to the public chest, with interest, before tho" can be fairly entitled to the ordinary and general benefits of the whole fund when applied to sec- ular purposes. Here it may be necessary to remark, that besides the vast amount unconstitutionally and unjustly derived from ProvinciaJ sources, by those two denominations, the Church of England alone received up to 1840 from the Imperial (Jovernment no less than £86,580 currency. This is necessary to be known when the plea of injustice or poverty may, as usual, be urged by the advocates of endowments.-— In all this, be it observed, wo have made no reference to the funds derived from the sale of Rectory or other lands given to that Church, or to grants of property for Glebes and other purposes. The amount derived from such sources i ,iy be learned from the fact, that a part only of the lands belonging to the Rec- tory of liOndon was sold some years ago, under the authority of a Provincial Statute, obtained by a clever Priestly stratagem, for about $40,000 or $50,000. In a calm review of the moral and political atrocities vvhi< li. throughout the warfare of thir- ty years, have characterized the party in pursuit 01 these Stale endowments for ecclesiastical purposes, it is worthy of special notice, that not only has a general reservation for Pro testant purposes been illegally monopolized by a section of that party, from 'he earliest pe- riod of our history as a colon) until now ; but in mockery both of law and moral consistency, a proportion of the funds have also been given to purposes directly opposed to the letter and spirit of the Act ; viz., the support of Roman Catholicism. As part of a general secular hind, we admit that Roman Cathohcs have an etjual right with Protestants to its benefits, as well as to the benefits of all other State funds whatever, not hideed as reh- gionists, but as subjects of the Civil Go- vernment. Besides these monetary frauds perpetrated through Executive connivance, by that party, it is well known that in the time of Sir Pere- grine Maiilaiid. Eieutenaul Governor of Upper Canada, the Iligli Church party denied and resisted the right of any other Denomination tn hold a piece ot ground wliereon to budd a church edifice, or in which to bury their dead ; while, at the same time, by a minute of Ciiuncii, dated ylst November, IdiJo, of which body " the Hon. and Reverend" Doctor John Strach.in was the soul, it was proposed to appropriate 0,800 acres of the best land in every Town.ship to the entire benefit of tho Church of England, whose adherents did not then nninber one-tenth of the population • — The same spirit of audacious injustice denied '), about £4(!n,0()0, currencv : vvhiit to til irrli cdiiice. or ui winch t( their Iramers of the Act of 171U, aj^rces the ojiiiiion of th« EiiglisJi Deiich lu 1840. Ou the !y:h April, ill that year, tlioy gave tlioir opinion, and it wa.i unanimous, that tlir vvortia '• a I'ro- testant Clergy, " in the Act of 17!)i, arc " there " used to designate and intend a Clergy oppos- " ed in doctriiio and discipline to the Chunli of " Rome; and rather to aim at the encoiiage- " nient of the Protestant Religion, in opposi- " tion to the Romish Church, than to point ex- " duslvely to Clergy of th'-. Churcli of Rng- ♦' land " They also refer to the important fact, that there is an evident distinction made in the Statute itself I.etvveen " a Protestant Clergy," when alluding to the Reserves themselves, and " Incnmoents or Ministers of the Church of England," when alluding to the endowment of Rectories with the Reserves. We make the foregoing remarks simply to prove, that neither the Church of Kngland. nor the Church of Scotlajid, had any exclusive claim to the monetary benefits arising from this ecclesiastical provision ; and in nriler the more clearly to exhibit the monstrous injustice in- flicted upon other denominations, more paiti- cularly upon the Protestants of L'pper Canada generally, not connected w ith Uioso branches of iho National EsfablLshments of the Mother Country We, at the same time deny the wisdom or justice of any such reservation for religious purposes. To form anything like an accurate estimate of the relative amount which the Churches of Eng- land and Scotland might justly have claimed under the Act of 1791, an accurate denomina- tional census from 1819 to ld5;} would be re- quired. This, however, cannot be had ; and, did it exist, would i>e of no value — taken, as much of it would have been, iu>der the reign of the old oligarchy — or, indeed, taken by any govern- ment whatever according to the common moda of reckoning Church membership in State Churches. Employing, however, such items of intelligence relating to denominational nuniber, i\\)(,\n jC l(i(l,U()(i, .;iirn!iic' wliilii to ihi' Illy otlicr Protestant denominiifions which are t!it f.avh,) and to iho Roman Catholics in l.'ppor 'niiada ai)out i;iW,000 during tlie sanie period. To ascertain from tlifi foregoing data the monnt whicli has been un(on.«jtitutiona!ly 'rested from all otiier Protestant deiiominaliona p to lrt5;i, l,y the rhur(;he.s of England and cotland.or rathor which has been given to one lass of citizens at tlie expense of the rest, we ave only to deduct the several .sum.s received, •om the proportions fairly reckoned as due to ach.— Thus: he ctiurelies of England and Sc-)tland in Upper Canada have received, up to the year IS.jlJ, from the FubiicFundsi, about £400,000 'ho proportion of both churches to the vvliolc population is, by the Census, about Jth— viz., 100, 000 mount due to other denomina- tions, jC:JOO,000 less the sums they have receiv- ed from the I'uhlic Chest, viz,, Prote.st.'ints, embracing only V: Methodists, i:'20,00() lid United Svjiod, 20.000 £40,000 Oman Catholics • - 33,000 £73.000 alance showing the sum wrest- ed from and virtually due to llie . other Protestants ol' U. Canada to this date, or rather to the end of 1853, £227,000 h ..d nice 111 which to tlieit It appears, then, if we reckon to this date 854) that the Churches of England and Scot- nd have actually received from the lunds of e Province, as we have oflen before assumed, ithout attempting to make an estimate as we ive now done, about £250,000 currency, ■ One Million of Dollars ! to which ey had no claim whatever ; — ^^li sum, to the itire benefits of which, upon any sound inciple of social or political calculation, the itracised Protestants of Upper Canada were irly entitled — not, indeed, as Protestants, but •: citizens, bearing, equally with others, the trtliens of State taxation We have been induced to enter into these itails as the period is near when the question ' secularization will be decided by the Legisla- re, and because !13^ it is rumoured that the overnment propose to give to the Church of ngland. ftr to the Church Society, flj* une of its renciis, a sum of money, by way of indemnity, sides pensioning its incumbents for life' ' ' ^.^gj '^e sincerely trust that no such insane triflins ith r>!i already exa.spcraied population, will he tempted. Without giving one farthing to lu- d( ad ; while, at the same time, by a i.iiaute of CouuciJ. dated "-iist Aiovcniber, ia25, of which body " the Hon. and Reveremi" Doctor John Strachan was the soul, it was proposed to appropriate O.bOO acres of the best land in every Township to tlie entire beneBt of the Church of England, whose adherents did not then number ont'-tenth of the population •-- The same spirit of audacious inju.stice denied to all other Clcrfry the right to solemnize mar- ri;ige among their own people, and it was the four of the popular wrath alone, which averted the continiienci! of that injustice, and the con- suination of that gigantic schema of an Estab- iisiimpiit— the deepest curse which could have been entailed upon the Colony. The hold on the Clergy Reserves, lor Ecclesiastical pur- poses, was retained, through Executive irre- sponsible power, not only, as we have shown already, in violation of the Constitutional Act of 179], but in opposition to the wishes of the people, as expressed through thi' Legislative .'\sseiiibly of U|)per Canada, no less than fourteen times, from 182() to 1840, in favor of devoting those lands to general secular pur- poses. And can it be supposed that the Legis- lature of United Canada will, in ] 8.54, give a compensation fuv suc'i claims — a premium for such iniquity ? Surely not. But if we are justly amazed at the politi- cal atrocities connected with this priestly warfare for the emoluments of the State, we are utterly confounded that the religion of the Bible, which is pre-eminently a religion of justice, of benevolence, and peace, should have ever been named in connection with such a crusade against the rights, the liberty, and the peace of society. The Divine Founder of the Christian Church in the world, and his inspired Apostles, pursued a course diametrically oppoa- ed to such a policy. Not only relying, in all cases, upon the benilicence resulting from chris- tian principle, to sustain and extend the religion they sought to establish, but manifesting an un- willingness even to receive voluntary contribu- tions if they appeared to create impediments to the progress of truth and the best interests of men. Here, on the contrary, men professing to be the ambassadors of Christ have for nearly half a century not only perilled the interests of the Christian religion in the Province by their un- hallowed pursuit of the " mammon of unrighte- ousness," but have disturbed the peace of society and churches, and after creating a large amount c!" i^iVil coinmorion, distress, and bloodshed, are yet labouring, if possible, to aoromplish their euds at the sacrifice of any principle, moral or political, and at the risk of again involving the country in the miseries of rebellion or the hor- rors of a civil war. emand equal and impartial justice i—more they do not desire ; with