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Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont film6s en commen^ant par la premiere page qui comporte une en-.preinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole —^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre film6s A des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est film6 d partir de Tangle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le numbre d'images n^cessaire. Les diagrammes su vants illustrent la m^thode. 1 2 3 1 \ k. / THE LIBRARY '/ /,■ THE A \ IMPRIMATUR ft Likr CHI Tituks, (5eos?npfjp anatcmij'o, &c. John Hoskyns, V. P. R. S. I O R, T H E Geographical Grammar, Being a Short and Exad ANALYSIS Of the whole Body of Modern Geography, After a New and Curious Method. COMl'REHENDING, L A General View of tlie Terraqueous Globe. Being a Compendious Sy^em of the true Fundamcnralsoi Geography •, Digefled into various CcniiinQr.f, Problems^ Theorcmti, and Faraii'oxes : With a Tranficnt Survey of the Surface of the EarPbiy Ball^ as it confifts of Land and V. arer. IL A Particular Vievr of thy. Terraqueous Globe Being a clear and pleafant Profpeft of all Remarkable Countries upon the Face of the whole Earthy lliewing their iimmion, Extent^ D vif.oi^Skbdiv'ifion, Cuk^, Chief TownSy NanT^, Airy 5oil, Commoditiesy Haricicj^ Arch' bijfjopricks^ Liillvjpricks^ Vnhcrfitiesy Slint)C[\LangHagesy Governmenr, Arms, UcIij^vDn. Colieiledfrnm the Befl Auth-irs^ and IlluflratcJ with divers Maps, Ct)e ^tjctfj Cotttoa, Co^retteD, ant) foms»t)at Cniarg'O. By p A T. G o Fv o N, M. A. F. R. S. Omne talit punlt.tm qui mijcttit utile dulci. Hor. N, L O N D (' Printed for ]. ''r-hoUbn, ]. and ^j. Sprir.-, and :^Ji'a^rov^g!^% in Little Britain j Andr . L '\ at the CrjiKeys and Bible in Cornhily and Iv, ^in'f h under rlic R^yai-ExchangCy iya I T O T H E Moft Reverend Father in GOD THOMAS, Lord Archbifliop of Canterbury^ 8cc. May it pleafe your Grace^ ON E who appeared for the Church in time of her greateft Danger : Briskly defended her Do3rwes againft the daring Aflaults of her moft virulent Oppofers : Took care to eredl: a Synagogne for God where He found a Synagogue for Satan : And One whofe Lifk has all along been one conti- mted Sermon againft Vice and Immorality^ does well deferve to wear a Mitre. And the fixing of fuch an One at the Helm of this National Church, did not only proclaim the Royal Wifdom in making that prudent Choice ^ but did alfo prognofticate to the Church herfelf what ftie has feen already come to pafs: Even thofe wi(h'd-for Halcyon Days^ and Safety irom Danger, which by the Care of fuch an Ahle^ Watchful Pilots (he has, Thanks to Heaven, hitherto enjoy'd. This mighty Blejjing Q moft Re- verend Father] we owe, under the Aufpicious Pro- A 3 videncc / T The Epiftle Dedicatory. vidence of God, to your Grace's excellent Manage^ ment of things. And, as 'twere not enough to in- fluence and govern the EJiabUfied Church at home, your Grace takes alfo care to enlarge her Bounds^ ^ and the number of her Members abroad. Blefs'd be God, our implacable Adverfaries can no longer up- braid us with a Jnpim Neglect of our Heathen Atne^ rican Neighbours in their Sp'iritud Concerns. We may now boaft of a fettled Society dc propaganda Fide as well as they : And hope to bring over, in progrefs of Time, good ftore of real Converts to the Truths in lieu of the many pretended Ones of theirs. That mod venerable Society, as it confifts of a confiderable number of excellent Perfons both \n Church ^nA St at e^ foit is Angularly happy in ha- ving the benefit of your Graces ready Advice and Ajjifiance upon all occafions. You are indeed the main Springs that animates that truly Chrijiian Bo- dy, a. 't is your extraordinary Zeal for the Caufe of Chrijt that gives Life and Vigour to her many great Defigns. Upon which account it is. That I prefume to hy at your Grace's Feet this nciv Edition of the following Geographical Trcatife. For having con- fidered in it [under ths general Head of Religi- cnli the Spiritual State of Mankind through all Quarters of the known World ; and finding, by a modeft Calculation, that fcarce five of twenty five Parts thereof are Chrijiian : Who can refrain from wiftiing, that the thick Mifts of Pagan Ignorance jfrtd Error were difpell'd by the radiapt Beams of the f tl fit kc oi is thl re fai thl tW yo| St( del W wagC" :o in- lome, ;'d be jr up- Ame* We landd ^r, irk // to us of infifts both n ha- and the rBo- Caufe any le to the icon- all )ya five Irom wee of the • ? TU Epijlle Dedicatory. the Sun of Righteoufisefs -^ fo that thofe People who fit in Darknefs might know the Trne God their Ma- ker : And be yet fo happy as to fee the Javhg Light of the Gofpel of Jeftis Chrift. [ My Lord,} There is none, I'm confident, that more cordially wifheth this than your felf ^ and none more earneftly defi- reth, that all human Means wereufed to effcfl; the fame in thofe Parts of the Heathen World, where the E^^g/i/Zj Natron is moftly concerned. To whom therefore could I fo properly addrefsmy felf as to your Grace ^ Being well aflur'd that you'll leave no Stone unturn'd, in endeavouring to fet that mod defirable Defign on foot, when you, in your Godly Wifdom, (hall fee it truly feafible. T^h.2Lt great Work, Tm fenfible, requires the johit Ajjiftaftce of many Hands^ and calls aloud for the ready Concurrence of every Chrifiian ; and truly all who bear that Honourable Title may be affiftant therein one way or other ? whether it be by their Advice^ their Prayers^ or their Purfe. But to pro- mote the fame in the moft expeditious manner, it's much to be wifh'd that fuch a Glorious Undertaking were made a National Concern^ and had a proper Fund appointed for it in a Parliamentary way. This (till remains to be done^ and all Men believe. That there's none fo likely to bring That about as Tour Grace^ whenever a favourable Junffure (hall offer. In the mean time, may Heaven long preferve Tour Grace in Health and Welfare: And blefs withfuccefs your many Noble Defigns for the Church of God, May it gracioufly pleafe the True God^ the Soveraign A 4 Lord The Epijlle Dedicatory. Lord of Hcaveq and Earth, to male known his Way^ npon Earthy his faving Health among all Nations. May the Chariot Wheels of the hlejjed Gofpel drive fwiftly thro* the tphole inhabited world : And may a^ the Kingdoms thereof become the Kingdoms of the Lord and of hisChrift. In fine, may it pleafe God to call in his ancient People the Jevps^ with the fulnefs of the Gentiles : That as there is but one Shepherd^ fo there may be but one Sheepfold. This is the daily Trayer of the beji Church upon Earth, and the hearty Wijh and Petition of every True Son thereof: Par- ticularly of Him who is, with the profoundeft Ve^ neration. 1 1. r :\ May it pleafe your Grace^ f '• / vV Tour Grace's •S-' ! V 1 > ' \ *! - t •,!> * • i rr '■; w , « , f , -» "r f ( •/i^ P. G. 4- ^ations. drive ^ "i^y afl ^Lor4 to call fiefs of T O T H E Right Honourable daily hearty Par. THOMAS It VCr • i • ' ' EARL OF . i •, ■! « - ■<■>.■..». COVENTRY^ t BARON OF A L ESBOR UGH f I N Wore eft er - Shire, HIS New Edition of the following Tra6t of MO^ DEKN GEOGKAPHT is ( with The Epiftle Dedicatory. ( with the profoundeft Refped ) Dedicated by Xour Lordjlifs Moll Hmbly bilil and) G ly it Devoted Servant, Pat. Gordon. 7> fint. m. THE PREFACE. M T principal Defign in publijljiifg the following Trea* tife, is^ to prefent the younger fort of our No- bility and Gentry, with a Compendious, Pleafant and Methodical Traft of MODERN GEO- GRAPHT, that mod ufeful Science, which high^ Jy deferves their Regard in a peculiar manner, // it he alledgdj That the World is already ovcrftockt with Compofiires of this Nature :^ I freely grant the Charge 5 hut withal^ Til be bold to fay^ That there t none as yet pnblijh^d^ which is >!0t palpably faulty^ in one or more of thefe three refpeSs. Either they are too Voluminous, and thereby fright the Toting Student front fo much as ever attempting that Study : Or, Se- condly, /^^Compendious, a^d thereby give him only a bare Superficial Knowledge of Things : Or finally^ Confus'd ( being writ without any due Order or Me- thod ) andfo confound him before he is aware. But all thefe are carefully avoided in the following Treatife ^ for, in framing of it, Tve induftrioujly endeavour d^ to make it obferve a juji Mean, between the two Ex- treams of a large Volume and a narrow Compend. And as to the Method in which it vow appears, the fame is ( / prefume ) fo Plain and Natural, that 1 mayfafely refrr the Trial thereof to the Impartial Judg- ment of the Severeji Critic^. r# The PREFACE. To defcertd to partkulirs. The iphole cojijijls new of Two Parts, whereof the jirjl gives a General, cind the fecond a Particular View of the Terraqueous Globe. Part I. In giving ^General View of the faid Globe ^ Vve rfortnd thefe five Things^ viz. (l.) Ive illiijhated (by way either of a Definition, Dclcription, or Deriva ion ) all tbofe Terms that are any ivays iiecejfary for the right under fianding of the aforefaid Globe ^ as alfo the Anally tical Tables of the following Treatife. (2.) Vve fet down all thofe plea- Jattt ¥ rohlcms pcrforf?jable by the Terrefirial Globe, together with the 7ncinner of their perjormance, (3.) I ve fubjoin^d divers plain Geographical Theorems [ or J elf-evident Truths ] clearly deducible from the foregoing Problems. (4) Tve ad- vancd fome Paradoxical Poiitlons in Matters of Geography^ which mainly depend on a thorough Knowledge of the Globe, and are equally certain with the aforefaid I'hcorems^ though viany of them inay poffibly appear to fome as the greatejl of Fables, Lallly, Ive taken a Tranficnt Survey of the uhole Surface of the Terraqueous Globe, as it confjh of Land and Water, as itsfole conjfituetit Parts. This is the Suhjiancc of the firfl Part, and before I pro- ceed to the Second, / muf here dtfire the Reader may be pleas' d to obferve thefe tjvo Things^ viz. (i ) That in def- cnnl Km or n Jh\ Thi trici the (lil Nu\\ pear\ and ell requir d here. (2.) In advanciyig thofc Geographical Pa- radoxes \_7Jientio7t d Sedt. IV.] which will probabh fo jiartU the Reader at firfl ( being a mcer Novelty in TraBs of this kind ) as that he cant readily comprehend either their J leaning or Dfign ^ let him therefore be pleased to know^ tb^^t the main Drift of fuch an tnicomjnon Effay^ fj, in fiort^ To whet the Appetite of our Geographical Student for a com- of TwQ fecond a oh\ Tvc ( by way on ) all t under- 1 Tables nfe plea- together Ujoht'd Truths ] Ive ad- ogrjphy^ ^ Globe y though Mejl of uhole md avd 1 pro- ^nay be in def- a. 1.] a De- ficit IS '\\ Pa- jlntU f this their tb^n r, To for a com- The PREFACE. coniplcat Underflancling of the Globe, [j/pow a thorough Knowledge of which^ thejefeemifig Myfteries do mainly depend ] or incre briefly^ "tis to fet our young Students a thinking. Jlthoiii^h the Sold of Man is a cogitating Beings and its Thoughts f) nimble as to fur round the Univerfe it felf in a trice '^ yet fo unthoiightful and Jirangely ijmnur'd in Senfe is the generality of Perfons^ that they need fome far tling Noije ( like a fiidden Clap of Thunder ) to roufe and awake them. Nun\ as ajlravge and unheard of Phcenomenon, fuddenly ap- pearing in the Natural Vorld^ doth attraii the Eyes of all Men^ and raifeth a Curiofty injome to enquire into the Reafon of it-y evenfo is the Propofal of a Paradoxical Truth to the InteU le&ual : for it inmiediatcly jummom all the Powers of the Soul together^ and fet s the Underjlanding a-work to Search into^ and Scan the Matter. To awaken the Jlind of Man to its Natu- ral J[l of Thought aTtd Confideration, way be jujily rec- koned 7to trivial Bujinefs ^ if we confder^ that 'tis to the want thereof ( or a JIupid Inconfideration ) that we may chief y jjnpute aU the Enormities of Alankind^ whether in Judgjnent or Pra&ice. If therefore thefe Paradoxes above-mention d JIhill obtain the End propos'^d^ ( the roufing of the Mind to think ) it matters the lefs^ tf fime of the?n, upon flri^ en- quiry-^ llmdd be found to cmtfjl of Equivocal Terms, or per- hips prove little more than a Qiiibble at the Bottom, Proceed we now to Part II. Giving a Particular View of the Terraqueous Globe. By fuch a View / underjland a clear and exa^ Pro- fpe& of all remarkable (]ouvtries^ and their Inhabitants^ on the Face of the whole Earth j and that in thefe following Par- ticulars'j viz. Their 4 Situa- The PREFACE. M ^is m u H '! Situation, Extent, Diviilon, Subdivilion, Chkf Towns, Name, Air, Soil, Commodities, Rarities, Archbilhopricks, Kilhopricks, Univerfities, Manners, Language, Government, Arms, Religion. •j^at isfaidiipoji each of thofe Heads^ will bejl appear by Situaf:on Extent — 4 Divifidn- Sabdivijhn C3 t; J Cbief Towns- 8 O Name - Air Soil -. the followivg Table TheDegr.r Long.") between which any oi \Lat. J Country lies. Its due Dimenfions fE. to W, /in Englifli from \S. to N. j Miles. /" The general Parts or ClalTes ^Things,) ^°/'^^h any Country is ° 'y reducibJ :, "^ ^* y How thofe Parts or ClalTes C are mofl readily found. { The particular Provinces 2 Things,) which any Country contains. viT^, ^ How thoi'c Provinces are molt C readily found. ('The Wodern Names of thofe 2 Things, ) Towns. vi:^. ^ How fuch Towns are moft C readily found. SHOW tcrm'd by the Ancients, The various Modern Appel- lations. The Etymology of the E/i/j///7; Name. Sits Nature as to Heat and Cold, (/^c. t'/^. '\ The Antipodes cf than part ^ of the Globe. The proper Climate thereof. 5 Things, S res natural P. oduft. 1'/'^. yrhc EKccnt of Days and C Nights. Concern* -a •a si ^ I o The PREFACE. [es. ippear by vhich any lies. 'mEngiiJfj Miles, or C/affes ountry is )r ClafTcs found. Provinces contains. > are moil of tliofe re moft ^ncients. Appei- Enejlfl) cat and at part hereof. k^s and C ommodities' Rarities - Archbifljoptlcks — Bifljopricks ■ Vniver fides • a < C O Manners Language {Thofe in particular which the Country produceth. / Thofe of Nature where ccr- 2 Things,^ tain. '^K* I Thofe of Art, efpecially Mo • *" nunicntsolf Antiquity. 2 Things, r "^ Number. 2 Things,< v'lXj' their S 2 Things, (^ J Names. ^The Natural Tern-' n u i. i>ti I Hi Is The PREFACE. Character either of a People or Country^ vphen IfoHftd it fuccin^ly worded by a credible Pen, Here the Rea- der may be pleas' d to hnovo^ that in treating of all Countries^ I've made their Situation my only Rule^ beginning Jlill with thofe towards the North, except^- ing North America, where I thought good to end at the Pole. But, as touching the Analytical Tables of this Treat ife, ( the main Bufifiefs of the Book } their liejign andUfe in floort, is^ To pre fen t to the Eye at one view^ a compleat ProfpeS of a Country in all its remarkable Divifions,Subclivifions,<«W Chief Towns, with the manner how all thefe are mofl readily found. The Letters of the N.S. W, E. {^fig^ifyi^g the four Cardinal^ and N.W. N. E. S. W. S. E. the four Intermediate Points of the Compafs ] being afflxt to the oulfide of the various Braces in the afore faid Ta* lies, do exprefs the Situation of the Parts of any Country there mention d :, as (page 45 ) where the Divifions of Alrica are faid to be found from N. to S. If only Cities and Towns, and no Divifions of a Coun* try are fct down, then thefe Letters have the fame Re* lation to them^fJoewing their Situation in refpeS of one another. If a little Brace fall within a greater [^ as page 45. where Egypt 4;;<^ Barbary haz3 their pecu* liar Brace ^ this is to /Ijow, that thofe two Countries are taken together, and confider d^ as one Divifion, ir hen reckon d with t he following Countries, in rcfpe^ of them Situation, exprefs d on thebackfide of the out* niofi Brace^ the fame is to be faid of Cities and Towns^ if only fiich are fct down. But finally , if neither Di* vlfions nor Towns can be fo order d^ as to have their Situa^ m I found he Rea- : of all y Rule, except- ? end at ables of ) their Eye at r all its fowns, found, 'he four he four fflxt to id Ta' of any re the .to S. Coun- eRe- of one C as pecU' tries ifion^ :ffea out' }wns^ Di- 'heir xitua- The PREFACE. Situation exprefs'd in a conjunS manner 5 then the re* fpeSive Dijiance of fuch Towns from fome remarkabU City^ is particularly declard in Englifti Miles, as ( page 1 44- ) ^here thofe in the Circle of Suabia are fo fet down. If it he ohje&ed, that not all hut only the Chief Towns of every Country are mention d in thefe Tables : To this 1 anfwer^ That to mention all were needlefs 5 fir I pre fume ^ that he who knows the true Situation of the fifty two Counties of England, and can readily point at the Chief Towns in each of em, may eafily find any other in the fame County, if exprefsJL in the Map. Befides, the hufinefs of a Geographi- cal Traft, is not fo much to heap up a vaji multitude of Names, as to fljew the Divifions, and Subdivi- fions of every Country, with the Principal Town in each of *em^ and how all fuch are mojl readily foundm If it be farther obje&ed, that neither the Analytical Tables of this Treatife, nor the various Defcriptions ^ of Countries an next to them, are any thing of a nevv Difcovery in the Science of Geography, but onlf the bare Crambe recofta of thofe who have gone before f ;//. To this I anfwer, that the Tables are indeed materially the fame with others [jtnd otherways it can* I not be, unlcfs we of this Age werefo extremely fortu* nate, as to make a compleat Difcovery of all the Coun* tries andTowns as yet unknown ^ or fo abfurdly ridicu^ lous, as to Coin new Names for thofe we know already'^ fet notwithjianding this, they are highly preferable to all others whatfoever. For fuch Tables, hitherto publi/h'd^ (whether Engli{h,French, or Dutch) being only a hare Catalogue of Names ^ confusdlyfef down mthout any due B Order ( : I- I »ti.- El :j 1!^ A^ The PREFACE. Or^^r 4/?^ Method, arc of fo little ufe to the Reader thiit his Paifis are jl'dl the fame as before^ to find out thpfe Names in the Map : Whereas the Tables of the follovping Treat ife are fo corjtrivA^ by particular Dire* Qions Ofj the out- fide of their refpe^ive Braces^ that he may point at thofe various Coufj tries ar?d Towns in the Map ( almoft ) as fafl as he can read their Names in the Table. And as touching the Defcriptions of thofe Countries and their Inhabitants ^ 'twere in^ deed mofl unreafonahle to expeS a Narrative of them COmpleatly new, unlefs it he /%/ thofe Countries^ which have undergone fuch wonderful Changes, that the ve^ ry face of Things is compleatly New^ or fome re- mote Parts of the World, where later Intelligence hdth reSifyd former Mifiakes, Be fides, 'tis not fo much my prefent Defign in the following TraS, to pre^ fentthe Kesidtv with perfeSly new Relations, (ex- cept in fuch Cafes abovcmentiond^ as to Abridge and Methodize thofe already known. And this fufftcient- ly anfwers the propofed End of the Treatife, being calculated (as I already hinted } for thofe, who are were Strangers to Geography, or [^at leaji^ bu^ young Proficients in that excellent Science :^ 1 mean the ge" neralityofthem^ who either attend our Publick Schools^ or Study under the Care and Conduct cf Private Tutors. And fo much for the Second Part. To thefe Two parts is annexed an Appendix compre- hending, (i.) A Short View of the chief European Plantations abroad^ whether Countries, Towns, or Faftories, (2.) Some Reafonat^le Propofals for the Propagation (/ /Ae Bleffed Gofpel in n// Pagan Countries. TX/V, foil it yo die Tci mo) mat For leader nd ofif of the Dire* r, that wffs in Names ptions ere in^ f them which the VC' fMe re* ligence not fo I to pre^ ( ex' ;e and icient- being hj are young he ge' hools^ utors. ympre- ►pean IS, or \or the ^agan Thif^ I The PREFACE. I This^ in Jhort^ is the Samixi and Method of the J^//^n?r/;? Geographical Treatife, which ( as I faid ) is principally defignd for the ufe and benefit of the younger Sort of our Nobility and Gentry. And did fuch Perfons apply their Minds, in their younger Tears, to this nfoft ufefd arid diverting Science ^ tis more than probable, that they might thereby avoid thofe many and grofs Immoralities which abound amo}ig us. For if we flri3ly enquire into the Sourfe of thefe foul and loath fome Streams, ( efpecially in thofe whom For* tune hath rais d above the common level, ) we may re a- dily fifid, that they mainly flow from that dctejhble Habit of Idlenefs, in which the generality of fuch Per- fons arc bred up, during their youthful Days, arrd to which they wholly give up themfelves, when arrivd to riper Years, By whch means they re exposed to a thoufand Temptations, and continually lie open to the grand Adverfary of Souls. For the remedying of this great Evil, tis highly to be wifht, that fuch Perfons would daily imploy a few of their many fpare Hours ( that now lie heavy upon their Hands ) in fome pro- per diverting Study, which carries along with it both Profit and Plea fur e, as its conjlant Attendants. Now^ fuch a Study is undoubtedly that of Hiftory, a StH' dy that's particularly proper for a Gentleman, and a* darns him with the befl Accomplijbments'^ a Study I that begets Experience without Gray Hairs, and makes a Man wife at the Toil and Charge of others. If it he ohje^ed, that many ha7je made attempts of the fame^ and that without Succefs. Moji certain it is, 1 own^ I and the reafon is ready at hand, namely^ their Omif I B S ii fi^fH ■' u ,11;^' P. i .( I. The PREFACE. Jfo^f of a needful PrcVim'nr.iry Study ^ viz. That of G E O G K A P H Y, wha h xc'ith fome fr.tall taftt of Chronology, may be defervedly ierrrid^ The Eyes and Feet of Hiftory, and ought to he arquJrd by our Hiftoriafi^ either in his younger Days^ or ( at leafi ) in the fir (I pi are. On which accoufit^ Ive drawn up the following Treat >fe^ adapting it Chiefly to the younger Sort of our Nobility and Gentry ; hy the help of which^ they may quickly ac- quire fnch an Idea of all remarkable C metrics ^ as to Fit 'em fuff.ciently for turning over any Modem Hiftory rvhatfoever. This one jiep in Education of Touth ivere preferable Q methinks ] to a Seven Tears Drudgery in the dry Study of bare Words 5 and a Second Apprenticefl:ip that's ufually fpent in a Phan* taflick improvement of the Mind^ with many ufelefs Speculations. And I may be bold to fay, that to exercife the Thoughts in fuch a manner as' this^ ( or to be but tolerably accomplifhd in thefe diverting Studies, would vafily tra/fcend mofl of thofe other Accomplifliments and Diverfions, jo much in Vogue among our Gentry at prcfent. And 'tis highly pro* bable, that fuch a Methjd as this^ might more e/- fe&ually check the Growth of Vice among *em^ than the mo]} elaborate Moral Difcourfe that can bcframd 5 [] the very Title of fuch Compofures being enough ma' ny times to fright them from the Perufut "] whereas a moderate Application of Mind to the aforefaid Studies^ would infenfibly wean the Thoughts of fome ^ from the reigning Impieties of the Age \ and in a- thers^ it might evn happily prevent an early acquain* tame with Vice in general. And ftal ce) Ri phi our\ Re\ pro\ BiJi can prel and I ca the The PREFACE. 'hat of II tafte \ The cqmrd ays^ or CCOUfit^ ting it ty and hly ac- 'ies^ as /fodern ition of t Years and a I Phan* ufelefs hat fa J-, (or erting other Vogue prO" ore ef' I, than amd ^ ma- \hereas refaid fome, in 0- main • Ami U And thus you jee the Defign, Method, and Sub- ftance of the whole Treatije. One Word now^ con^ cerning this Edition, and 1 ha7je done. The kind Reception of the former Imprejfions of this Geogra- phical VraU^ and its ready admittance into many of enr public k Schools^ gave me freflj Encouragement to Revife it once more^ and to make what farther Im^ provements as either the Nature of the Subject^ or Bignefs of the Volume would admit of. Befides a careful Corre&ion of a fevp NV flakes in the lafi Im- prejpon^ I've made in this^ fome Material addition; s^ and Thofe differs' d thro the Body of the Book^ whii h^ I confcfs^ is a lofs to the Gentlemen who bought the former Editions^ hut there is no remedy for it now. In the mean time^ if it could any ways atone for what is done ^ or rather to prevent, at leaji the fears of any fuch Thing for the future ^ / may here ad- venture to declare once for ally That this is the lafi Time I ever intend to make a>iy confider able addi- tions to this Treatife ; even fuppofing it fljould beav a great many Imprcjfions hereafter, I may likcwife take this Occafion to declare^ That^ Health and Op- portunity ferving^ *tis probable^ I may publiflj^ fome Tears hence ^ a Compendious Body of Ancient Geo- graphy 1^ and tb^t fitted lihewifefor the Schools^ and made much more Methodical and l^jeful than any as yet extant. A Work extreamly wanted, and may he juftly rankd amofig the Defiderandae whole uh this I i/jtirc' e. This lirfg the he Rea- vith the Lib. T. The The CONTENTS. npHE following Treatife being divided into Two Pares; where- of c. fFirft ? 52 Ja General View "7 r t -r ^i i. S isecondl -^la Particular View s '^-"^ Terraqueous Globe. PART I. Giving a General View. •o f Seft. I. Containing g8 Geographical D^fimtirm, From Page i to l$ *^ *uSeft. n. Contai'ing 48 Geographical Problems 15 to ^2 'Seft. Ill Cnv,tain'ing /^i Geographical Theorems ■ 311057 iSeft. IV. Containing 39 Geo^raphcal Paradoxes 57^044 Seft. V. Concerning Land and Wai w ^ j»^^ u a o U VIII. IX. Sett. >^. Sett. XI. Sq(\, Xlir. Sett. Xi It. I Sett. XI V.J APPENDIX. ] Amazonia .i. Br*«/I/ C/j //• Paraguay .-._ 7*?rr4 MagcUanica T^f^a AntariJica. The American lilands- 311 312 321 325 325 328 3?4 ■«.• 354 ?58 362 378 383' 387 389 •394 •399 -400 -417 Modern Page2 53 -254 - 25^ -27? • 278 - 300 311 ■;■' r 4f U odern f Cy Wo R L D 4y ^^^J^'-'^»^ I ?■-> r'- mSKK ■it! H I nJ' ; I* M |! i 1 ' Hi 3 |l in Modern Geography. PART I. Comprehending a ENERAL VIEW OF THE Terraqueous GLOBE. INTRODUCTION. Y a General l^iew of the Terraqueous Glabe, we under Jtood inch d profpeft of it and all its appendages, as fufficientlv amounts to a fend'ms ( yet complcat ) Syjlem of the true hundament.iU of the Me. Body of Modem Geography, In taking fuch a view, we (hall ob- |e the following Method. l. We fhall illunrate ( by way either of Definitiony Defcripthn^ or ivat'm^ efpecially the firft ) all tkofe Terms^ that are any ways nc- Bry for the right underflaoding of the aforefaid Globe,, asalfoihc \l)t'ical Tables of the Ibllowing Treatife. i. Wc n "I I 1- I n 1^ it:l I r,i ^' I' \> 'I 2 Geographical Defimtions, Part I 2. We fhall fct down in due Order and Method, ali thofc picafan Problems^ or delightful Operations, performable by the Artificii Globe: together with rhe manner of their performance. 3. VVe flrtalJ fubjoin divers plain Gc^graphkat Theorems^ or felf ev,. dene Truths, clearly deducible from the foregoing Problems. 4. We dial! advance fome Paradoxical Pofitions in Matters of Geo. graphy^ (era few infallible Truths in Mafq.uerade ; which mainly de- pend upon a thorough Knowledge of the Globe j and arc equally cer- tain with the aforefaid Theorems, tho'many of 'em may poffibly ap. pear to fome as the greatefl ot Fables, Laflly, We (hall take a Tranfient Survey of the whole Surface cf the Terraqueous Globe, as it confifts of /.^n^and Water ^ as its fole conflitucnt Parts. Of thcfe five General Heads feparately, and in their order. There- fore SECT. I. Containvrg fome necejjary Geographical Definitions. Def. I . /^ E O G R A P H Y [ ^ Sclerice^ both ^ phafant V. J and iifefid'] doth mainly conjift ^ in giving a trite Defer iptio ft of the exterior Part of the Earthly Globe ^ as ^tis co?npos'd of Land and Water, ejpecially the former. That Geography doth merit the Title of Science in feveral refpefts, and that the Kn nvledge thereof is both pleafant and ufeful to Mankind, is 'ruth fo univerfally granted, that 'twere altogetherneedlefsto en- ter upon a Probation of it. Geography denwes its compound Name from »he two GreeJ^ Primitives of yn, Terra^ and yfoi(pei>yfcr}bo vel defcr'tbo-^ and differeth from Cofmogr,ipby^ [ quafi t« ;totr/>t» yfetp^ vel ojTny^etpij^ <. e. M4nc/i Drfcriptio'] as a part doth from the whole j as alfo from Choro^raphy and Topography, [ quafi q^ ^o^ }^ j^ totS ouTny^^qirjy i. e. Regmif ac Loci Defcripth ] as the Whole from its Parts. By a true De- fcription of the Exterior Part / theGtobeofthe Earth we underifland purely an Account of the Situation, Extent^ Divifions and Subdiv'ifions^ of all remarkable Countries on the Surface of the faid G/o6e, together with the Names of their C/^/^j and Chief Towns^ and that according as thofc Countriesarc already pro je(i>ed to our Hands upon particular Geographi- cal Maps, and not an aftual 5«n/ey of Menfuration of 'em, which the Scicnr" of Geography prcfuppofcrh, and which properly belongs to (fCQdttjia^ or the Arc of Surveying Land. In giving fuch a Dcfcripcion of Couq- W ;oun| [ift •, ir CI rad ■ath< "orei \extcr\ lot LI |d-(lii ilint |Varcs| I the imaj Sciei there ^oftH large Lane propi I the uig ^ of, ^1 .; Ball, i \ r, or fdf ev, ems. 'cters of Geo. i-ft mainly d^. ? equally cet, ^pofTibiyap. ^e Surface cf . as its foie ^r. There.. I 'itioHs. I . pleafaftt T ^^g a true 'lankind, *i\ to en- ^e from . iefcribo'^ lo from P9» i- e. rue De- purely of all ith the 5 thofe ;raphi- ch the ' >gs to 'on of 3otiq. art I. Geographical Defimtiotis, 3 ;ountnes fas aforciaid) doth the Science of Ge\i;r.:phy properly con- lift- as for other Narratives rc!ajcing either to Countries themfelvcs, r their Inhabitants, and which commonly fwcll up Geographical .raits, we reckon them ( tho' the more pleafanr part of thi? Study) ather the fringes of Geography, than its real or elibntial I'arts. In the ,oregoing Definition weintireiy reflrid the Science of Geogr.if'by to the exterior Pa^ t or Surface of the Earthly Globe, and that as it's compos'd lot' iWand Water^ as its foie conftituenc Parts-, defigning thereby to d'ftinguifh it from Natural philofophyy which ( in its curious and plea- iint Enquiries) reacheth not only the (aid Surfajeinall itsconilituenc I'arts, but alfo the whole Globe of the Earth, with the whole Body of the Atmofphere furrounding the fame : Yea, and even the outmofl inuginable Expanfe of the r irmament it felf. We again relVift thac Science mainly to one Part of the aforefaid Surface (v/^.the Dry Land) thereby to dillinguifh it from Hydrography, which particularly treateth of the other, namely. Water. The object therefore of Geography in a large Senfe, is the whole Surface of the Ball of the Eitth, confifting of Land and IVater as its fole conftituent Parts 5 or ( in a ftrid and more proper Senfe ) only One of thofe Parts, to wit, the Firm Land, For the more diftinftly viewing which Parts, and the better comprehend- ing of the Science of Modern Geography in the true Fundamentals there- of, wc (hall beg n with that Artificial Reprefentation of the Earthly Ball, commonly called the Terraqueous Globe, Def. 2. The Terraqueous Globe is an Arttjicial Spheri- cal Body, on whofe Convex Fart is truly reprefented the whole Surface of the Ball of the Earthy as it confjis of Land and Water. This Globe is term'd Terraqueous from Terra and Aqua, ( the two conflituent Parts of its Surface ) or Terrejhial todiflinguilh it from the Coclcflial ; or finally, the Artificial Globe as a differencing Mark from the Natural or Real Globe of the Earth, are all fo nocorioufly known, thac the leail Illuflration were wholly fupertluous. We reckon italfbluper- fliious to (how, that there is a true Refemblancein Figure, between the Artificial and NaturalGlobe, or that the Body of the Earth is truly Sphe- rical: This being now beyond all difpute, and never ( at lealt very rarely j call'd in queftion, except.it be only by Women and Children, But here Note, That in the following Treatife, weintireiy reflridlour (elves to this Globe -, fo that wherefoever the Name of Globe is indcti- nitely mention'd, we are never to undcrlland theCoelef^ial. Note, alfo, that wherefoever we are upon the Surface of the Natural Globe, that the Point in the Heavens exaftly vertical to us, is term'd our Zenith ; and that Point diametrically Oppofite thereto, is flil'dour Nadir -, which are two corrupted Arabian Tcvim in Anronomy importing what is here ■ affertcd ^!il m^^mi i'4 ) ^trecd of then S'17^""' ^^^V/W. p.., , »*« South or Anfarftfck. ' «'' ArQick, ^;,^ f^, ,f^^; ■ They are ca/J'd p^/^ / *'Jve Pa-rrh. r ^ ' aivided into i Four Gc^^/^ viz. T,„„°."'^'-''''^^ divided into it I '^ J tiie MeridUn ) ne fy/^,,^^. * Four LefferA^^^ ^^^^ Tropich ^The Zodiac Jk viz. S Its focali'd from jf-'r ^ ^'/f^a-^m, it being™ e^oyl^'h'::"T ""' 'f'"'''"- ^"'^ «»/?r,» ,, • che DeJ f Ic'sl |o the pid pli IpaiTing 'lobe fPoles ; liacoi matter : De irphkh 5 Ic'sc uin cun, that ch Ic'sdiv Ibeginni I Del mh t fiid L It'sf Alicrilr Repref< Part '"Reives to on: through thi h the whok ^'^' As tins in^'ai Globcj VheeJ. ^ the Axh^ the other I. Geographical Defifiitlons: irt I. Kjeografnicai, uepmttons: 5 Ic KatiofialHoriz^on: IheSc fiqte^ is that already dcfcrib'd, bounding le outmoft prolpeft of the Eye, when viewing the Heavens round jom any part of the Surface ot the Earch ; but th'othcr is purely )i!ii'd in the Mind, and fuppofecii the Eye to be placed in the very lencre of the Earth, beholding the intire Upper Hcmifphcre of the iniiament : The Circle terminating fuch a profpeft is reckon'd the rue Ration J Horizon, which is duly rcprclcnted by that broad wood- en Circle, ufualiy fitted for all GJobes. Upon which are infcrib'd feve- 1 ochu*r Circles, particularly tiiofe two containing the Names of the lonchs, and Number of their Days, according to the Jitlian and }rcgorian Account ^ as alfo That other divided into the Thirty two foincs of the Compais. Def. 6. The Meridian is that great Circle^ which^ P^ffi^^g them the ihrough the two Poles ^ dwideth the Globe into two equal Parts, r V'*^"^ 4rw ^ the Eallern and Weftern Hemifpheres. "r n ^^^ ^ '^ * ^° call'd from Merid'ies vel med'ms dies, becaufe the Sun, coming '^n'H '^'^'^ |o the Meridian of any place, is due South, or maketh Mid-day in the " ^"^ ^aid place. The Meridian here defin'd is that great brazen Circle, in vhich the Globe turncth round upon the two Extremities of its Axis palTing through the faid Circle ; but the Meridians infcrib'd on the lobe it felf, are thofe Thirty fix Semicircles terminating in both the JPoks; befides which we may imagineasmany as we pleafe; only Note, TThatoneof thofe Meridians is always reckon'd the firfl\ however it's ^matter of indifference, which of them we take for fuch. g Def. 7. The Equator or Equinoctial, is that grettt Circle %r(>hich divideth the Globe into two equal Parts^ called ths iiouthern and Northern Hemifpheres. It's call'd Equator, becaule the San coming to this Circle, tune ^qifan- iiii m^esfy dies, or £^«/n(j///rt/ for the lame rcafon, viz, xquaHtds ml}i-> urn cum diebus. By others it's fimply term'd the Line j(^t' sjo^^wy, and that chiefly by Navigators, as being of fingular ulein their Operations. It's divided into 560 degrees, and thofe are reckon'd round the Globe, beginning at the firft Meridian, and proceeding Eaflward. Def. 8. The Zodiac k is that great broad Circle which cut* tcth the Equifio^ial Line obliquely, one Jide thereof extend' ivpt felf fo far North, as the other doth to the South of th^ fiid Line, It's fo call'd from ^&oi', (Animal) becaufe it's adorn'd with Twelve Allcrifms, (commonly term'd the Twelve Signs) being moft of them Rej3refentationj of divers Animals. The Namei aad Charadters oi whivJi Signs are thcfe following. : r? ♦ An o^icsDia- ^gaSphe- • Hbrrhe , and the ^'c ir, jioc ded with dcd into diattf aci. 'ircles, ideth I? the nwat fitu- and the /r/>x. ' ,f i .Ml ! W 6 Geographical Definitions. Part Art ■ this Aries, Taurus. Gemini, Cancer, Leo, ^'irg'). »m5 h) - -^ Q n & ^ ^^)c iDetl ^Libra* Scorpio, Sagittar us, CapricoriiHf, Aquarius. Pi/ces, MitC (\ ** ^ 711 ^ vs xsi ^ mM Of all Circles infcrib'd on either of the Globes, this a!one admits ota;^^^' Latitude, and is divided in the middlQ by a Concentrick Circle, term'd J^^^^ the Ec'iptick^ which properly is that Circle fee upon the Globe compre-J^ ^^\ hending the Characters of the Twelve iigns above mentioned, each of If '^^'^ ^ which Signs is - ' P'^'"^ ^^ ^^'^^^ Circle, and concr^ins jo degrees. i De Def. 9. The Tropic ks are the two bjggeft of the four Jl^^^^^ ^j L^lJcr Circles, rvhich run parallel to the Equator^ and an equid'iftant therefrom. They're term'd Trr^pkks from rfsTO), {verto) becaufe the Sun in his annual Courfc, arriving at one of thofc Circles, doth return towards die other. Tlicy derive their refpeftive Denominations of Cancer and Capricorn from touching the Zodiack at the two Signs of that Name, and each of them is difianc from the Ecjuator, exattly 23 dcgr. -i. Def. ic. The Polar Circles are the two leaft of the four Leffer Circles rminivg parallel to the Equator.^ avd at the fame dijiance from the Poles^ as the Tropicks are from the Equator. They're term'd Vofar^ becaufe of their Vicinity to the Poles. That Circle nearefl tlie North, is calJ'd the Ar^'ick ^ and th'other, next to the South Pole, tlie Antartikk Polar Circle^ and that for the leafon already given, ( V:j. 4. ) when treating of the Poles thcmfelves. Thcfe are the eight nccefTary circles above mention'd •, but to corn- pleat the Furniture of the Globe, there remain as yet but three Par* ticuljrs, v'r. the Harary Circle^ the Quadrant of Altitude^ and Semi' Circle of Pcfition. Def. T I . The Horary Circle is a fmall Circle of Brafs, andfo affixt to the Brazeit Meridian^ that the Pole ( or evd of the Axis ) proves its Center. Upon this Circle arc infcrib'd the Twenty four Hours of the Natural Day at equal diftances from one another ^ the XII, for Mid- day being in the upper part cowards tlKZenith, and th'other XII. for Midnight in the lower towards the Hmx^on -, fo that the Howrs before Noon are in the Eafierrij and thofc for the Afternoon in the Weflern Scmi-Circle: As for an Index to this Horary Circle, the fame is tixt upon the end of the Axis, and curnech round with the Globe. TheUfe of Pice f. Pi/ces. K )ne admits of ^Tcle, term'd Part Art L Geographical Dejinittovs, 7 this Circle and Index will fufficiently appear in many pleafant Pro- ms hereafter mention'd. Def. 12. The Qiiadrant of Altitude h a Jiarrow thin \xte of pliable Brajs^ e^a^ly aiijwerable to a fourth fart of EquhtoBial. Upon this (Quadrant, are infcrib'd 90 Degrees, each of 'em being cording to the fame Scale with thole upon the Equator. Howufcful be com pre" 1'^ Quadrant is, will alio appear in the Solution of feveral Problems ned, each of f''^^^^^'^ mention'd. agrees. I j)ef^ I ^ . The Semi-Circle of Pofition is a narrow foUd f the four Mite of Brafsy exa^ly ajijwerable to one half of the Equi- , and arew^ial* A Upon this Scmi-CircIe are infcrib'd 180 Degrees, exaftly the fame th thofe upon the Equinoftial. We may term it a double Quadrant Altitude in fome relpeft, and it is of confiderable life in feveral lightful Problems. To thefe I might add the Mariner's Compafsy that moft neccffary Tn- rument, commonly us'd by Navigators, which being duly touch'd with e Loadftone, and horizontally fixt upon the Pedeflal of the Globe, frequently needful for the right solution of feveral Problems. The necelTary Circles of the Globe being Eight (asaforelaid ): Of nem, and fome others, hereafter mention'd, are form'd the Latitude ^ni Long tnJe oi Places, dSili^o Zones and Clinuites, 'Jes. That I Def 14. Latitude is the dijlance from the Equator to r, next to fither of the Kles^ and meafured upon the brazen or firfi :hereafon pyUian, ^ ^^^' I No Term is more frequently us'd in Geography than that of Latitutle^ vhich is two-fold , v'it;^. North and South. In reckoning of the Northern .xt'itude^ you are to bcgm at the Equinoftial Line, and proceed to the rftick: And the Sonthern^ivom the Cquinoftial to the Antarftick Pole; tiil numbring the Degrees of Latitude, either upon the brazen, or firfl cridian. The many Circles infcrib'd on the Globe, at the diftance f 10 degrees from one another, and parallel to the Equator, are ccrnVd nr.tUets of Latitude. But befides thofe aftually infcrib'd, vvc arc ta onceive the Globe as furniflf d with a vad multitude of fuch Circles ; or every Degree of Latitude, yea, and every fixtieth part of each de- rce, is fuppofed to have an imaginary Parallel Circle, pafling through he fime. But fmce Latitude (as aforefaid) is the DiOance from the "quator to either of the Poles •, it from hence follows, that the greatert atitude confifteth of 90 Degrees. N:nv correfpondent to each of thofe c^recs ^or the-r^^- of a great Circle in the Heavens ) is a certain of the Surface of thf Earth, wh'ch is every whereof the fame Ex- tent e Sun in his irn towards Cancer and that Name, cgr. 1, f the four vd at the from the xt to com- hree Par- nd Semi- f Brafs, '>r end of of the for Mid- XIL for rs before e Weflern le is fixt TheUfe of ?piCC I ^msm mmmm : )■ H " l": « ? 5c 27,53 28 50 38 32 73 •7 32 5 59 46 23 53 00 51 37 44 74 i5 32 6 59 4c ^9 ^2 28 52 37 00 75 •5 52 7 59 37 30 51 5^ 53 3^ 08 76 14 3* 8 59 2J 3i5» 24 54 35 26 77 '3 32 9 59 10 52:50 52 55 34 24 78 42 32 Ic 59 oc 33,50 20 56 33 3» 79 II 28 II 58 5t 34I49 44 57 3* 40 80 10 24 12 58 4c ^549 08 58 31 48 81 9 20 13 58 28 35;48 32 59 31 00 32 8 20 >4 58 12 V 47 $6 60 3^ 00 83 7 20 '5 58 00 38 47 16 61 29 04 84 6 I2 16 57 4c 39 46 36 52 28 08 85 5 12 17 57 2C 40 46 00 <^3 27 12 86 4 12 18 T7 0. 41 45 16 64 26 1(5 87 3 12 t9 56 44 4^- 44 36 65 25 20 88 2 04 2C 56 2J 43 43 52 66 24 24 89 r 04 21 5<5 OC 44 43 08 67 23 28 90 00 22 55 ?« 45'4i »4 <58 22 32 Def. 16. Zones are large TraHs of the Surface of the Earth, lying Parallel to the Equator, and diJUnguiJIi d by the four lejfer Circles of the Globe. They're terni'd Zones from ^eSvti, [Zona velCingulttm'}^ becaufethcy cncompafs the Globe of the Earth in fome manner, as a Girdle doth (urround the Body of a Man, and are in number Five. Two Frigid y- e g ) The Polar Circles, and the Poles. N*S ^ C ^^^ ^^^^^ Circles, and the Tro- 'Two Temperate J ^^ ^ picks. y S ^ * The Two Tropicks, and divided by 1 One Tarrid ( ^^^ the Equator. Of thefe the ancient imagm'd only thd Two Temperate to be habi- table, efteemingthc fcorchingHeatofche Torrid, and pinching Cold of the two Frigid, to be equally intolerable, iKcording to that of the I'oec. C ^uarum \ I -W*5H»Sj« i|«" ■: ■ft Geographical Defnltiom. Part i ^ ^ ■~'~~ -Ovid Metam. 1. the length of the >fl"i:[nt>''' ^f''^' '' ^orth, tha^ o*ber, by half an hZ ^ ^ '" ""' ^"'^'^'^ that in tl. i & Bi 01 ll v'' ,i" '°'*- Not to mention whi/rt , tie equator, and indine te «her as to their number or " ^''^ Ancients taught of ClimatM .i vmy the Nuafber of\„°?o s^^'i'':"*'^''"'' Geographers havead Day ; and fronuhe Polar Crc^''^^.'''»f'-?''ce °»:- "ourin thelongcft fromthe difference of an inScM^^^^^^^^ CHniatcfi Havii f'ftriai one J at dns of t i Def. 'hkh I mth 1)6 Pat Then iJie two- I Def. it the h fiorizov The In] -loftial Ut ••' IM, which ha ihove^ a\ • f^rtly abi ■pllel Ch ■ TheTnli ■lie Globe ^quinoOia But havi Inliabicanc: i i-- * Part I 'art I. Geographical Definitions. rr ecam. I. rface of th, I 'did to tk \ forth, thai | that intk I Climates between the l^olar Circles and the Pole? d. m.d. Par. Lac. Par. 67 7,®6g m. I at. ^o Breadth, Breadth. Of OO 02 OC [ Month. 2 Month I. m.d. m. Par. La t. Par. Lat, d. ni.ld. m Par. Lat. I Par. Lat. j Month. 4 Month.' 5 Month- 90 CO Breadth 06 CO ^Month. v'o]] becauff id incline re Having thus taken a view oFthe chief C/rc/c/ belonging to the Ter- ClimaceSjcL ttftrial Globe, as alfo the manner how L^ri/wt/f and LngU ude mxh c's futficiem k^nes and Climates are fram'd : Proceed we next to the various Pofiti- crs have ad- ^^^ oi the Globe, commonly term'd Spheres^ which arc three in Num- hof theFo-'ler, v'l^. Parallel^ Right ^nd Oblique, sIk^S^ j DeE 1 8. ^ P arallel Sphere, isthatPofiionofthe Globe, 'uhefirft t'-"'^^^ ^^^^ thefe three Properties-^ viz. (i.) The Poles iyi the ', and in #t7/W and Nadir , (2.) The Equator in the Horizo7i : (7,.) im vo 'd,x//>. thi f he Parallel Circles parallel to the Horizojt, )lhU^ll^ The Inhabitants of this Sphere arc thofe (if any) who live under »cnor em, ^],e two- Poles. P^f. 1 9. A Fvight Sphere is that Pojition of the Globcy which hath thefe three Properties ; viz. (l.) Both the Poles k the Horizon. (2.} The Equator pajhig through the Zenith mi Nadir. (3.) The Parallel Circles perpendicular to the hovizov. i The Inhabitants ot this Sphere, arc they who live under the Equi- ioftial Line. m. 1 9 o W Def. 20. An Oblique Snhere is that Pofiticu of the Globe H^hich hath thefe three Properties ^ viz. (i.) One of the Poles f ^■i] iniiiceti The Inhabitants of this Sphere, are they who live on all Parts ot tlie Globe of the Earth j except thofe cxad^ly under the Poles, and fquinotVal Line. , But having no regard to thefe Fofitions of the Globe ^ the vario s Inhabicamsof the Earth arc likewifcconfidercdwichrclpeft to thclc- ,' C 2 vcitJ 1 i-i. I. >(i!' ■'■ )t if I ii 'I': r ;ii!. nt a, f1 I Ml 1 2 Geographical Defimttom. Part vera! Afer:dUns and Parallds, peculiar co their Habitaftbns -, and t under chcfc three Titles, viz. .In^^'d, Ferine], and Antipodes. I^eE 21. 7Z>^ Ant:eci, arc thofe People cf the Earth ji v^^ //I'e «wJ,T f/;^yjw£; Meridian, hut oppojite Parallels. l^)'^ Pcculhr to fuch People arc thefc following Particulars; v'l^. (^^ They fjavc hoth rhe fame Elevation of the Pole, but not the famcl'c 5'^ (2.) They are equally difhnt from the Equator, but on ditferenc (id tl|ty (g. They have moft Noon ;ind Midnight at the fame time. (4.} T J^"^' tjays of one are equal to the Nights of the other, ^ vice verfa (■ fTh Their Scafons ol the Year are contrary j it being W inter to one, >vi 1^ ^ Summer to the other, ^c, ' icvera] Def. 22, 77;t' Pemci, are thofe People of the Earth k^^^I live uvder thefwie Parallels^ but oppoftte Meridians. Mtijl tl Pecuhartofuch People are thefe following Particulars^ i''^. (» )0 ^^^ of the Poles is equally elevated to both, and th' other equ;i Hy deprefs Cz.) They arc equally diftant from the Equator, and both on the fa: fide. (5 ) When it is noon to one, it is Midnight to the other, &c( fra. (4.) The length of the Day to one, is the Comphr^tntofi others Night, & vicevcrfa. ($,) They both agree in ^h *< 'calc of the Year, (^c. ^ Def. 2^. The Antipodes, are thofe People of the Earth wi live under oppojite Parallels and M^:ridians. Peculiar to fuch I'eople are tliefe following Particulars.!^/^. (i.)Th have both the fame Elevation of i.ie Pole. (2 ) They are both equa. diftant from the Equator-, but on different lides, and in oppofite Hen , _ - fpheres. f^.) When ir's Noon to one, it's Midnight to the other, ^', j^ a I ce vcrfa. (4.) The longeft Day or Night to the Ore, is the ftiortell ^^y^ ( the other. (5.) Their Scafons of the Year arc ontrary, ^c. The Inhabitants of the Earth, were likcwife confidered by the A ^^' ^ dents with refpeft to the Diver lity of their Shadows, and accordii^ ' ' rcduc'd to three Clalies j viz. Ampbifciiy Fnifcii, and Heterofcii. Def. 24. Aniphifcii, were thofe People of the Earth r Uv'din the Zom\ or between the two Tropicks, They're lo term'd from dfjLipi \^iitrinque']im\ ^xja \jumb> a']jhcai they call their Shadows on both fidesof em, t'/:^. Northand South^i cording to the Nature of the sun'i Declination. Dt Def. 2$. Perifcii, wero thofe People of the Earth who in the Frigid Zones ^ or between the Polar Cirdes and They I fone eft Poles, Part aftbns ; and t Antipodes. he Earth n miUds. culars ; v',^, ( 3t the fame I'c n d liferent fid time. f4.j)T ^ vice verfa (■ :er to one, wl \he Earth » Ham, lu.iljydeprefs och on the far 'Other, (^'cc npJir^tntoft ptart I. Geographical Definitions. I? They're fo call'd irom 'srse^ [C/Vt-j] and ? ''^»o environed witl h"' -^>^o:.ri„,S. ^!;:^;^,;;'y'^'^'''''''-'''cates.itb Z fc^J y^« mare pro, t;'L/;^^^^^^^^^ Pre '^^&-' or occun to anSer!"^ "' ^^'''"^ "'" "'"--i'"^^ "/ '.he Ji, fovea] M ^ rm,nrJin- ■^^^"'^' •' *^''- ^''''"'-©- FofT. „.l «''''''™'' iJ^^ovkUle Sf/LS"^";" K^j Fluvius, a flue] '^:^»-,o,„ Fountai,. and conn Ju, rr -^'"^ ""^"Z <"« «r I 'Jtccci m tilt next place ro SECT. I Pre By I of Kijii and th( finding Mcridii Mcridii place \ proper place is , Pro i Geographical Problems, SECT. II. IS ECT. ; trob. ^ • Tp ^^' Diameter of the JrtijicLil Globe helv^ pi- ; i I vcv^ to fijtd its Svrface in Square^ and Us Soli- iity in Cubick Meaftire. V Multiply the Diamercr by the Circumference (or a great Cirrle divi- ding the lobe inro two equal Parts) and the Produrt vvillgivethchrft: Then Multiply the laid produ^by '^ of the Diameter, and the Produrt 4)f that will give the fecond. After the fame manner we may find the Surface and S jlidity of the Natural Globe, as alfo the whole Dody of the Atmofpherefurroundingche fame, providingit bealways and every where ofthe fame height; for having found the perpendicular height Ihereof by that common Experiment of the afcenr of Mercury at the foot and top of a Mountain-, double the faid Height, and add the tame to the Diameter of the Earth ; then multiply the whole (as a new piamcter) by its proper Circumference, and fronuhc Produft fubflraft flic Solidity of the Earth, the Remainder will give the Solidity of the Atinofpherc. ■f Prob. 2. To Recife the Globe, 1 The Globe being fct upon a true Plain, raife the Pole according to the given Latitude ; then fix the C^uadrant oi Altitude in the Zenith, and (if any Mariner's Compats upon the Pedeftal) let the Globe be ibfituatedj^as that the brazen Meridian may fland due5ow//; and Norths %ccording to the two Exircmities of the Needle. Prob. ^. To find the Longitude avd Latitude of any place. By Langituiie we do not here underftand thnOpprohrium Kavigatorum of Eijimg and Wefl'tng^hwt fimply the diflancc between the given place and the firfl Meridian infcrib'd on the Sarface of the Clobe. For the finding of which, bring the given place to the Eafl fide of the brazen Meridian, and obferve what Degree of the I quator is juff under the faid Meridian, for that is the Degree of Longitude peculiar to the given place ; and the Degree of the Meridian exactly aibovc that place is its proper Latitude, which is eitherSow^/^ernor Northern^ according as the place is Soitb or Korth of the Equinoftial Line. Prob. 4. The Lovt^itude and Latitude of any place being given^ to find that place on the Globe, C 4 Bfing n. i !" .♦> i:.! 'J* n in i 1 iP 16 Geographical Problems, Part ! I Pc I Bring the given Degree of Longitude ro the brazen Meridian \ re | kon upon the fame Meridian the Degree of given Latitude, vvhet't | iiijuth or SoYth^ and make a mark with Chilk where the rcckonic I cndsi the Point cxaftly under that Chalk is the place dcfir'd. Prob. %, The Latitude of any place being given^ to find x thofe Places thM have the fame Latitude. The Globe being re^ificd (S«/t is at that time Tobferving withal the diffcrena between the Ji!) )f thegiven that time, orizon, fee the upper the afore- i?on, lopk h, reckon thT to the Latitud Tought to th i )ove the f jnif i Jnder the fai; I 'Jftick at ay. •n the vvoodc: :u]ar Sign an: thedifferenc; n and Degre; -e (or prett) djothepar the Globe, particuh given placci the Index of ice, turn the :h done, fix uftly under e the places 1 part I. Geographical Problems. 17 the Number of Hours between the fame and the upper Figure of 12. for that is the Length of the Day at the time deiir'd, the Complement whereof is the Length of the Night. Prob. 9. To find by the Globe the Anticci, Peri^eci ani Antipodes, of ajiy given phce. Bring thegiven Place to the brazen Meridian, and find- ing (a) its true Latitude, count upon the Equator the fame (a) Prob,^, Number of Degrees towards the oppofite i*ole, and ob- ferve wherethe reckoning ends, for that isthc Flaccof thcAntxcJ. The given Place continuing under the brazen Meridian, fct the Index of the Horary Circle at Noon, and turning the Globe about till the. fame Point at Mid-night (or the lower 1 2.) the place which then comes to the Meri- diaQ,(having the fame lat tude with the former) is that of the PerUch As for the Antipodes of the given Place, reckon from the faid place upon the brazen Meridian 180 Degrees, cither South or lHorth^ or as many Degrees beyond the farthefl Pole as you are to the ncareft ; and obfervc cxaOIy where the reckoning ends, for that is the place defir'd. Prob. 10. To know what a Clock it is by the Globe in any place in the World^ and at any time^ providing you knam the Hour of the Day where you are at the fame time. Bring the place in which you are to the brazen Meridi- an (the Pole being raifcd {b) according to the Latitude (b) Prob» 5, thereof) and fet the Index of the Horary Circle at the Hour of the Day at that time. Then bring the delired Place to the brazen Meridian, and the Index will point out the prefent Hour at that place where-ever it is, Prob. II . To know by the Globe when the Great Mogul of India, andCzd.t of Mofcovia,y/t down to Dinner. This being only to know when it's Noon at Agra and Mofcow^ (the Imperial Seats of thofe Mighty Monarchs } which we may very eafily do, at what time foever it be, or wherefoevcr we are: For finding (by the foregoing Problem) the prefent Hour of the Day in the Cities above- mention'd, fuppofing withal that Mid-day in thcaforefaidCitiesis Di- ning-time, we may readily determine how nearic is to the time defir'd. Prob. 1 2. T J find the Hour of the Day by the Globe at any time when the Sun fimes. Divide your Ecliptick L. le into twenty four equal Parts, and in fmall Figures fi^t down the Hours of the Natural Day after the following manner. At the Interfc^ioni of the Ecliptick and Equator place the r igure 6 j and bring boih thefe Figures co the brazen Meridian, one being 'if A 4 for the /af{ °L"'*, G'obe upon wh"d, the \.T'; "''"«'>' ">« '>» '." T*' /^i •"C • «"«' in the Zenic^,''"'".""'"""- Afte? th s'^'fix tVo"S, '"-^ ^me to -h«Ho.the^,d^;rh7orn;"t£^^ thereby the Hour oj the Dly' ^"^ ^^'^^ «^ «^'y time, tifad O) rrcl.. 6. the Zenith, an'd ^vS ■fL'^r'^"'"?"^ "^ ^It ude^^^ "theobferv;^^KoV''i"'"'> '''-"^*"Tfed^ Dy^ S gioen, to find thereby the Hour of the Elevac ■i i I ficii Coi 6 t\ rid tiie Af Part I here. Whid* ^in this order '"ningthen;u ivn die other 1 <^. The Eg Li i- fc the Globe here you arc, linox to the fituating the t^y that halt wlJy fhine ; lys flievv the ^ht of the four of the le Latitude t that time '^acein the Jc fame to ntof Alti- icuJar De. 3ry Circle itude, till demark'd » obfervc to find iace (3; Jtude in the true Vltitudc :>n, and 'ith the itPofi- le Day, 'Xce in of the levat J^art L Geographical Vrohlems. 19 ^ Elevate the Pole according to the given Latitude, and ficuatcthe Globe duly S'o«r/;and North (a) by the Mariners (a) Prob, z. Compafs^ thenfixa'fmall Needle perpendicularly in the S n's Place in the Eclipcick, and, bringing the fame to the brazen Me- ridian, fetthe Index of the Horary Circle at Noon^ Which done, turn tiie Globe till the Needle caft no Shadow at it, and then obfcrve the Index, for it will then point at ttie true Hour of the Day. Prob. t6. Any Place behtg ^Iven to move the Globe fo as that the wooden Horizon [hall be the Horizon of the fame. Bring the given IMace to the brazen Meridian, and reckon from it upon the faid Meridian the nuinber of 9© Degrees towards either of the Poles, and where the reckoning ends, place that part of the Me- ridian in the Notch of the wooden Horizon, and it will prove the Ho- rizon ot the given Place. Prob. 17. To find the Meridian Line by the Globe in any place^ and at any ti?ne of the Day. The Latitude of the Place being known, and the Globe (a) elevated accordingly, obferve the height of the Sun (a) Prob, 2. above the Horizon at that time, and draw upon a true Plain a ftreight Line in, or Parallel to the Shadow of a Stile perpendicularly erefted upon that Plain : In which defcribe a Circle at an opening o£ the CompalTes, and find (b) the Sun's Place in the Ecliptick, and mark his obferved height in the Quadrant of Altitude, (b ; Prob. z. Then move the Globe together with the faid Qu*drant, till that Mark in the <^uadrant, and the Sun's place in the Ecliptick, come both in one 5 which done, count upon the wooden Horizon the number of Degrees between the Quadrant of Altitude, and the brazen Meridian, and fet off the fame number of Degrees upon theaforefaid Circle drawn upon the Plain, by making a vifible Point in the Circum- ference where the reckoning ends, (beginning ftill at the fide towards the Sunt and proceeding £<'! 20 Geographical Problems, Part I the Sun% Annual Motion) on what D.iys he paffeth through the afore- laid Points of the Eclipcick, tbr thofe are the Days required in which the S«n IS vertical to the given Place. Prob. 1 9. The Month and Bay behig givcn^ to jini by the Globe thofe places of the North Frigid Zone ^ where the Sun beginneth then to IJnne covfta}*tly jyithout fetti7tg : as alfo thofe places of the South Frigid Zone^ in which he then beginnetb to be totally abfent. The Day givcn» (which muft always be one of thofe, either between the Vernal liquinox and Summer Solfticc, or between the Autumnal Equinox and Winter Solftice) find T^) the 5««'s Place in (a) Prob»6» the Ecliptick, and marking the fame bring it to the brazen Meridian, and reckon the like number of Degrees from the North Pole towards the Equator, as there is betwixt the Equator andthe Suni Place in the Ecliptick, and feta mark with Chalk where the rec- koning ends. Which done, turn the Globe round, and all the places paffing under the faid Chalk are thofe in which the Sun begins tofhine conftantly without fetting upon the given Day. For Solution of the latter part of the Problem ; let off the fame diftance from the South Pole upon the brazen Meridian towards the Equator, as was formerly fet off from the North, and making a mark with Chalk, and turning the Globe round, all Places pafTmg under the faid mark are thofe de- iir'd, viTi- f '^'^"^ '" ""^'^ ich the Sun beginneth his total Abfence, or Dif- appearance from the given Day. Prob. 20. A Place being given in the North Frigid Zowe, to find by the Globe what number of Days the Sun doth conftantly JIme upon the faid Place^ and what Days be is abfent^ as alfo the firjt and laft Day of his appea- rance. Bring the given place to the brazen Mci .dian, and ob- (a)pro^. 2. fcrving its Latitude, {a) elevate the Globe accordingly, then turn the Globe about till the firft Degree of Cancer come under the Meridian, and count the fame number of Degrees upon the Meridian from each fide of the Equator, as the Place is difhnt front the Pole^ and making a mark where the reckoning ends,turnthe Globe round, and carefully obferve what two Degrees of the Ecliptick, pafs e:caft]y under the two Points mark'd in the Meridian, for the Northern Arch of the Circle ('ufr that comprehended between the two mark'd Degrees) being reduc'ct to time, will give the number of Days that the Sun doth conftantly fhine above the Horizon of the given Place, 4nd the oppoficc Arch of the faid Circle will give the number of Davs ' 7 pl J ki the! mar dor mi the| unc del Part / igh the afore, ircd in wiiicfi fid by the ^rt; the Sim as alfo thofe n beghmeth :her between he Autumnal ^//»'s I'iace in the brazen ecs from the wcorandthe ere the rec- ti the places |inscofhine ition of the n the South IS formerly nd turning e thofe de- Ge, or Dif. Frigid the Sun ^t Days appea- . and ob- ording/y, r Cancer ces upon is dirtant jturnthe diptick, » for the the tvvo of Days le given mbcrof Davs I'art I. Geographical Problems, 2 f Pays in which he is abfenr. The Pole continuing in the fame Elevati- on bring the beginning o( Cancer to the brazen Meridian, and obfervc the two Degrees of the Ecliptick, which in the mean time co-incidc \\\th the Horizon i then fearch upon the wooden Horizon, for thofe iOavs that the Sun doth enter into the aforefaid Degrees of the Fcliptick, for thofe arc the Days of his tirft and laft appearance in the given Place. Prob. 21. The Movtb ayid Day being given^ to find that 'place on the Globe to which the Sun (when in its Meridian) Jhall be vertical on that Day, The Sun% Place in the Ecliptick being (./) found, bring the fame to the brazen Meridian in which make a fmall fa) /'raA.d, mark with Chalk, exat^Iy above the Suns place. Which done, find {b) thofe places that have the Sm in the (b) Prob.j, Meridian at the time given j and bringing them to the brazen Meridian, obferve that part of the Globe exadWy under the aforefaid mark in the Meridian, for that is the place dcfir'd. Prob. 22. The Month and Day being given ^ to find upon what Point of the Compafs the Sun rifeth and fetteth in any place at the timegiveyt. Elevate the Pole according to the Latitud. of the defired Place, and finding the Suns Place in the Ecliptick at the given Time, bring the fime to the Eaftern fide of the Horizon, and you may clearly fee the Point of the Compafs upon which he then rifeth. By turning the Globe about till his place co incide with the Weflern fide of the Horizon, you may alfo fee upon the faid Circle the cxaft Point of his fctcing. Prob. 2?. To hioTP by the Globe the Length of the longeft avdfiorteft Days and Nights in any place of the florid. Elevate the Pole according to the Latitude of the given Place, and bring the firfl Degree of Cancer (if in the Northern^ or Capriarny if m the Southern Hemifphere) to the £l I II' ,M *' m J- ^|fltr ) ':i r m'" 'I m} |i. ( 22 Geographical Problems. Part I. Night. As for the Qio: reft Day and longeft Night, they are only th revcrfeofthe former. Prob. 24. To know the Climates of any given place. Find (a) the Length of the longeft Day in the given (a) Prob, 25. Place, and vvhjtever be the number of Hours whereby it furpalfeth Twelve, double that number, and the IVo- duft will give the true Climate of the Place deiir'd. But here note, That this is to be underflood of Places within the Latitude of 5d,'-'. As for thofe of a greater Latitude, (where the Climates encreafe by intirc Months) enter the fecond Table of Climates (pag. ii.) with the Latitude of the given Place, and oppofite thereto you'll find the proper Climate of a place in the faid Latitude. Prob. 2 5 . The Length of the longeft Day in any place bei^ig htown^ to Jind thereby the Latitude of that place. Having the Length of the longeft Day, you may know (a^ Prob. 24. thereby (a) the proper Climate of that Place, and by the Table of Climates (pag. 10.) you may fee what Degree of Latitude corref ponds to that Climate, which Degree is the Latitude ol the Place defir'd. Prob. 26. The Latitude of the Tlace being give) alfo the Sun's Place in the Ecliptick^ to find thereby the begin- ning of the Morning^ and end of the fivening Twilight. The Globe being reftify'd, and the Suni Place brought to the bra- zen Meridian, fet the Index of the Horary Circle at Noon ^ then bring that Degree of the Ecliptick, which is oppofite to the Sun\ Place) to the W'^/F^rn-Quarter, and fo move the Globe together with the Quadrant of Altitude, till the Degree oppofite to the SurCi Place, and the i8th Degree of the faid Quadrant come both in one-- Which done, obferve what Hour the Index then pointeth at, for at that Hour d©th the Morning Twilight begin. As for the Evening Twilight bring the Degree of the Ecliptick oppofite to the5'«n's Place mark'd in the Ecliptick, co-incide with the Eafiern Horizon ^luch done, reckon upon the Horary Circle the Nun»bcr of Hours be- ^vccn the Index Noon (or the upper Figure of 1 2.) for that is the num- ber ',} '! It f ;t t «| -^ I 24 GeographlCitl Vrohlems, Part I, ber of Hourj trom Sm-nfm.^ for that Day in die given Place, or th; true Babylonici Honr defn u. Prob. 30. T/;e Habylonick Hour Z'^fw^^ft/^w, to/wjf/j; //bwr 0/ the Day at any time, according to our way of reckon- ing in England. Elevate the Pole according to the given Latitude of the Place, and marking the Sun\ Place in the Ecliprick, bring the lame to the brizer Meridian, and fer the Index of the Horary Circle at Noon. Theo Rowl the Globe IVefttvard till the Index point at the given Hour from Sun rifing, and fixing the Globe in thai Siruation, bring the Index bad again to Noon,and turn the Globe backwards till the uS'wn's Place,mark'(l in the Ecliptick,return to the fame Semi-circle of the brazen Meridian from whence it came -, wl.ich done, obferve wl at Hour the Index ot the Horary Circle pointeth at, for the fame is the Hourdcfir'd. Prob ? z . The Hour of the Day being given accordiJig to our way of reckoning in England, to find thereby the Italick Hour at any time. The Itulicl' Hour is the number of Hours from .9««-fetting atal! times of the Year, to .S'«n-fetting rhe next following Day, (a) Prob. 2. For the ready finding of fuch Hoars, (n, brins ;ward d\ the fart I. Geographical Problef^f. 25 1^ Mark of th*! Suns Place return to the fame Semi-Circle of the bra- il Meridian from whence it came. Which done, oblervehow many loitrs are between Noon and the Index, (reckoning them from Wejl $> Eaji) for thofe are the Hours dtfired according to our way of rec- |oning in England, \ Prob. 33. The Hoinr oj the Day being exalfly given accor- hn^toour way ofrecloning in England, to find thereby th^ fudaical Hour at any time, I By the ^«^4Jcrt///bMr we underfland the exa^ Time of rhc Day accord- fig to the Ancient Jews^ who, in reckoning their Time, divided the Ar- ificia! Day into twelve Hours, and tlie Nighr incoas many, which Hours irov'd e/ery Day unequa' in extent (unlefs in Places cxadUy under tie Equator) they flil! dccreafing or encreafing according to thcSca- Ibns of the Year, or the various Declination ot the S'<». For the find- fig of which Hours, obf'^rve the follov\i-ing Method, (4) KIc- iate the Pole according to the Latitude ot the given Place, (a)Pro6. 2. jjnd {b) marking the Sun's Place in the Eclipcick at that lime, 5 bring it to the £<ly under the brazen Meridian, for ia them it's Mid day. id I(i/?/y, all thofe upon the upper Hemifphere of the Globe, for I • 'i^^ ^^^ a^ually cnlightned, and thofe upon the lower are them m t ^/tw^^rkncfs, or deprived of the Swn at iluc rery time. Noon , p 2 :x of the : at Mid' e of the ir Hours in awj 1 Prob \'. '4 !' m i< :i f , I !> ;- ; I ' I li: '■'I; 1)^1 28 Geographical Problems, Part Prob. 4:. The Month and Djy being ^roev^ a^ alfo thePk of the Moon in the Zodiack^ and her true Latitude^ to j> thereby th'^ exacl Haiir when Jhe Jhall r'lje and fet to^.,her m\\ her Southing (or coming to the Jleridian) of the given Plaa The Afooii^ Place in the Zotiiack may be found ready enough at a' time by an ordinary Ahiunack, and her Latitude (which is herdifidrri from the Kclij.cick) by applying the Scmi-Circlc of I'oli; (a) Prob, 2. on to her Tlace in tie Zodiack. Vor tlie folution of[;_ Problem, ^^) elevate the pole according to th.e Latitude; {h)Frob.6. the given Place, and the Sun's Place in the Fxliptick, ; that time, being [b] found, and mirk'd with Cha'k, ; alfo the />/';'};?'s Place at the fmietime: Bring the Suns Place tot!' brazen Meridian, and (et the index of the Horary Circle at Noon, ar turn the Globe till tlie Moon's P.'ace fuccelTively co-incide with the R. jlern and IVeJlem fide of the Horizon, as alfo the brazen Meriaian, ar the Index will point at thofc various tim?s, the particular Hour of ht 1 n-„| Uifin.;^, Setting and .Southing. 4,,^' I^HjI). 41. The Day avd Hour oj either a Solar or Ivv: F.clipfe being known ^ to find by the Globe all thofc Flacesl ^hich the fame will be vijdde, . . M.irk the Suns Place in the (?) Ecliptick for the give (a] Prob. 6, Dav.as al/b iheoppofite Point thereto, which is the PIa( o( rli'! MyaiAt that time. Then find (b) thit Place of t^ J undcl the ig the fame to the Pole (or vertical Point) ot the Wo; den Horizon,3nd, fixing the Globe in that Situation, obfervcwhjt Plaa are in the upper licmifphere, for in Mioff of them will thv? Sun be vii; ble during his Fclip'" . As for the Lunar Eclipfe, vr (c)rrcb, 9. are to find (c) the Antipodes of that place which hath tl: 6'//;i vertical at tlie given Hour, and bringing the famei the Pole ot the wooden Horizon, oblcrvc (as formerly) what Plaa are in the upper Hemifphcrc of th'^ Globe, fc'.- in fuch will the M^' be vi(il)le during her Ecliplc, except thofe that are very near unt;| or actually in ihe Horizon. Prob. 42. J Place being given on the Globe^ to find the tru Sitiiatlo7i thereof from all other Places defy d or how it bearcl VI rejptd offiich Places, The yarious Places defir'd [which are fuppoled to be fome of thol thac lie upon the intcrmcdiacc Points of the Compafs] being pitched ii[ :s of 1 to Leaj V' Part fart T. Geographical Problems. ^9 yh the Fh 'tdt\ to f} ')g..herTfi: ven Plaa lough ata- i her diflarr; :Ie of I'oli: 1, bring rhe given Place to the l)razcn Mcridiun, and cJevare rhe Pole rcording to its Latitude, and fixing tlie Q^tudnnt of Altitude in the :aith, apply the lame luccclfivels' to the Places defir'd, jtid the lower li c oi the laid (Quadrant will interfcv^ the woodecn Horizon at thofe va- |ous Points of the Compafs (infcrib'd upon the faid Circle) according the true bearing of the given Place, in relpeft of the Places deiir'd. Prob. 4^. J Place behig given on the Glohe^ to find all other jces that arc fitiiated from the fame^ njjon aiiy dfiv'd Point of lution oft; , 't^ Compafs. e Latitude; Bxliptick ; ing the faid Place to the brazen ?Jcridian, and fixing the (^Uudranc th Cha'k, ai: t Noon, n'ith the }.. leiiaian, ar Hour of h{ Elevate the Pole according to the Latitude of the given Place, and Altitude in the Zenith, apply the lower part thereof to the defir'd Place tot: i^inc of the Compafs upon the wooden Horizon; and obfcrve whac aces arc cx.Utly uiider the Edge of the faid (Quadrant, for thofe are le Places thai ureiituatcd from, or bear otf, the g.ven Place according I [he dc(ircd /.^oint of the Compafs. J Prob. 44. Tivo Places being given on the Globe^ to find the ii{! diftance between them. r or / J/)/: i The two Places given mufl: of ncccfTicy lie under either the fame e Places • Jeridian, the fame Parallel of Latitude; orelfeditfer both in Longitude d Latitude. (\,) H they lie under the fame Meridian, then bring em both, to tlie brazen Meridian, and obferve the number of De- ocs of Latitude comprehended between them, which being reduc'd CO Leagues or Miles, will give the Diilance requir'd. (2) If they under the fame Parallel of Latitude, then bring them feparately the brazen Meridian, and obferve the Number of Degrees be- een them upon the Equator ; which done, enter the Table [ pag, ] with the Latitude of the given Placs, and feeing thereby how any Miles in chat Parallel are anf.verable to one Degree in the E- ator, multiply thofe Miles by the aforefaid Number of Degrees upon e Equator, and the Product will give the Diilance requir'd. But, (/?/>, if the two Places given doditferboth in Longitude and Lati- de, then bring one of them to the vertical Point of the brazen Me- ian, and extending the Quadrant of Altitude to the other, obferve )!! the faid (^.'.adrant the Number of Degrees between them, which ing reduc'd mto Leagues or Miles, will give the diftanre requir'd. is third Cafe of the Problem being moll confiderable, and occurring d tfc^fnilnre frequently than the other two, we Ihill here annex another way it bearc\% performing the fame befides the Giobe, and that is by refolvinga "lerical Triangle, two Sides whereof {vtx^. the Complements of the ffercnt Latitudes, or thedif\ance of the given Places from the Poles) e of tho'Jenot only given, but alio the Angle comprehended between them, icch'd iifjt being equal to the difference of their Longitude) by which Sides or the give is the P!j( Place of t!^ Hour, ac t the Wg:, whJtPlact Sm be vil; clipfe, V( ch hath tl: |he fame ! ^vhat Plaa ill the M'^' Inear unt;i 'i vysi ' if u p and 30 Geographical Problems* Part I rl ' f '/ '^'i i! -I? m H^ J 'I If and Angle given, we may very eafily find the third Side by the notcc Rules in Trigonometry, which third Side is the diitance required. Prob. 45. ^ Place beivg given on the Globe ^ and its tm Difiance from a fecojid place, to find thereby all other Plaai of the Earth that are of the Ja?ne diftance from the giva Place . Bring the given Place to rhe brazen Meridian, and elevate the Po!( according to the Latitude of thefaid Place ^ then fix the Quadraiito: Altitude in the Zenith, and reckon up the faid Quadrant, the givcB Diftance between the firft and fecond Place (providing the fame bt under 90 Degrees, otherwife you muft ufe the Semi Circle of Pofition and making a Mark where the reckoning ends, and moving the faii Quadrant or Semi-Circle quite round upon the Surface of the Globe all Places paffing under that Mark, arethofe Dcfir'd. Prob. 46. The Latitude of two Places being given^ and hoi, one of them beareth of the other ^ to find thereby the true Di Jiance between them. Por the Solution of this Problem, luppofe the firfl Meridian to Ix the true Meridian ot one of the given Places, particularly that whof( bearing is unknown. Upon the Upper Semi Circle of that Meridiar mark the Latitude of the faid Place •, then elevate the Pole accord ing to the Latitude of the other place, and, fixing the Quadrant Altitude in the Zenith, extend the fame to the given Point of tht Compafs upon the wooden Horizon, and turn the Globe about till thi Point mark'd in the aforef aid Meridian coincide vvith the faid Quadran: Which done, reckon upon that Quadrant the Number of Degrees be tween that Point mark'd in rhe firft Meridian and the vertical Point which Degrees being converted into Leagues or Miles, will give tin pittance rcquir'd. Prob. 47. The Longitude of two Places being given^ as al fo the Latitude of one of them^ and its bearing from thcothei to find thereby the true Dijlance between them. For the Solution of this Problem, fuppofe the firft Meridian to fci thctrueMeridianof the Place, whofe Latitude is unknown, Reckct from that Meridian upon the Equator the number of Degrees equi to 'Jie diflference of longitude of the two Places, and make a marl where the reckoning ends, and bringing the fame to the brazen Me, ridian, (which rcprefents the Meridian of the fecond Place) reckoE upon it the Degrees of the given Latitude j and fixing the Globe i: tlij thereof "he Gl( Uce, w the fam dranc pr Miles Pro! from a \iance } Theg Ridian, a find end |he Lati the firft 1 lend the lipon the the third /here th the Pole J |uadrani the given fervc wh lade upc (ir'd, wh ing Prob Thefc isalfo t Iniore, le hit have iccordin Part I ' the notec uired. d its tm her Placti the giva te the Poll Quadrant the gives e fame bt >i Pofition ig the faii the Globe and hon true Di idian tobt that whofi t Meridiar \\c accord uadranto tine of tht out till tht Quadran: >egrtes be ical Point I give till w, as al ihcothei >art h Geographical Problems. 5 ^ ihat Situation, raife the Pole according ro that Lacitufle, and fix the ■quadrant of Altitude in the Zenith, cxrending the other extremity ihereof to the given Point of the Compafs upon the wooden Horizon, |The Globe continuing in this Pofition, obferve that Pointof the Sur- Iface, wiiere the (Quadrant of Altitude interfefts the firft Meridian, for Ithc fame reprefenteth thefecond Place, and that Arch of the (^ua- ilranc between the (aid Point and Zenith, being converted into Leagues jpr Miles, will give the Diftance required. Prok 48. The Diftance between two Places lying under the fame Meridian being given^ as alfo their refpe&ive bearing from a third Place^ to find thereby that place with its true Di- \hnce from the other two. The given Difhnce being reckon'd any where upon the brazen Me- ridian, and thofe places of the Globe exaftly under the beginning fnd end of that reckoning being mark'd, raiie the Pole according to he Latitude of one of them, (which for Diflindtion's fake, we'll term fhefirft Place) and fixing the^^adrant of Ahitude in the Zenith, ex- lend the other extremity thereof to the given Point of the compafs n the wooden Horizon^ according as thefaid firft place beareth off he third unknown, and makea Imal! Traft with Chalk upon the Globe, here the Edge of the (Quadrant paffeth along. Which done, elevate hePole according to the Latitude of the Icccnd Place, and fixing the Quadrant of Altitude in the Zenith, extend the fame (as formerly) to he given Point of the Compafs upon the wooden Horizon, and ob- "ervc where the faid Quadrant interfedts the aforefaid Traft of Chalk adeupon the Surface of the Globe, for that is the third Place dc- ir'd, whofe Diftance from the other two may be found by the forego- ng Problem. Thefe are the C\i\ti Problems performable by the Terreftrial Globe, IS alfo the manner of their Performance: But if the Reader defirc lore, let him confult Varenius, (his Geographia Generalis) from whom |we have borrowed feveral of thofe abovcmencion'd. Now followeth, iccording to our propofcd Method, M N lan tobd Reckc: 'ees cqui :e a marl azen Me. ?) reckoE Globe i: thi D 4 SECT. n It l: r I ^^.i ;,;. I " !>' 'I'ii f" ■ ,^ :■■ 1, I: I, ■ 'i I'li u 41 It 32 part I SECT, m. Containing fome plain Geographical Theorems. Theor. i. np f/Zi" Latitude of any Place is always equal u X the Elevation of the Pole in the fame Place^ & e contra. Theor. 2. The Elevation oj the Equator in any Place is al- ways equal to the Compliment of the Latitude in the fame Placs^ & vice verfa. Tlieor. 3. Thofe Places lying under the Equino&ial Line, have nothing of Latitude^ it being there that the Calculation oj Latitude begi7is. Theor. 4. Ihofe Places lying exaBly under the two Poles havs the greatejl Latitude^ it being thcrj that the Calculation oj' Latitude doth end. Theor. 5. Thofe Places lyijtg ex;a&ly under the fir fl Meridian^ have nothing of Longitude^ it beiyig there that the Calculation cfLo7igitude begins, Theor. 6. Thofe Places immediately adjacent to the We- &eTn-Jide ofthefrjl Meridian have the greatejl Longitude^ it being there that the Calculation of Longitude doth end. .; ,;. Theor. 7. All Places lying upon eituer fde oj the Equator^ have the greater or leffer Latitude according to their reJ^eQivi Vijlance therefrom, Theor. 8. AU Places lying upon either fide of the Equator^ and exa^ly tinder the fame^ have the greater or lejjer Longi- tude^ according to their refpeflive Dijiance from the frji Me' vidian, Theor. 9. That particular Place of the Earth lying exaSl] tmdcr the Interfe&ion of the firjl Meridian and Equino^lial Line hath neither Longitude nor Latitude* ver Mile] T] ten cl\ Tl ri%07i\ fraBil Tl] do eq\ are eel Tl exa^ti Len^tl theEi Thl twoPt fave Si^ns . ^^ is the Ngh\ mov'c Tl Latit that . Tl that dijlaj Place FlaCi T that Theor, part I iPart I. Geographical Theorems: 59 Theor. 10. ISJo Place of the Earth is dijlavt frc?n a7iother above i o8co Italian JUiles^ allowirtg 60 to one Degree in the Equator, Theor. 11. iVo Vlace of tlr Earth is dijlantfrom its pro- ber Antipodes (diametrically taken) above 7200 Italian Miles ^ Jiill allowing 60 to one Degree in the Equator. Theor. 12. The fenjible Horizon of every Place doth as of- ten change^ as we happen to change the Place it felf, Theor. 19. The apparent Semi-diameter of thefenfible Ho- rizon in moji Places^ doth frequently vary accordiv.g to the Re- fraBion of the ^wn-beams, Theor. 1 4 All Countries upon the Face of the whole Earth do equally enjoy the Light of the Sun (in refpe&of Time) and are equally deprived of the benefit thereof Theor. 15. In all Places on the Globe of the Earth.^ (fave exa&ly under the Poles) the Days and Nights are of an equal Lengthy ( viz. twelve Hours each ) when the Sun comet h to the Equino&ial Line. Theor. 16. In all Places between the Equino&ial and the two Poles^ the Days and Nights are never equal to one another ^ fave only thofe two times of the Tear^ when the Sun entreth the Signs of Aries and Libra. Theor. 17. The nearer any Place is to the Line ^ theleffer is the difference between the Length of the Artificial Days ani Nights in thefaid Place ^ and on the contrary^ the farther re- mov'd^ the greater. Theor. 18. In all Places lying under the fame Parallel of Latitude^ the Days and Nights are of the fame exte7it^ and that at aU times of the Tear. Theor. 1 9. Three or more Places being given on the Globe that lie between the Equator and either of the Poles ^ and equi- dijlantfrom one another ^ the Extent of toe longejl Day in thofe Places doth not encreafe proportionably to the dijlance of the Places themfelves. Theor. 20. Three or more Places being given on the Globe that lie between the Equator and the Poles^ in which the 'hcor, . Length Drems. 5 equal u me Place^ %ce is al- me Place^ Hal Line, ulation oj Poles havs tlation oj Meridiart^ tlculation the We- itttde^ it r * Iquator^ \ejpe3iv6 '•quator^ Longi- irft Me^ exaUl) nno^iial '■ \ Theor. 2^. To all Places lyi7ig within the Torrid Zone^ the Sun is duly Vertical twice a Tear , to thofe under the Tropichy once ^ but to them in the Temperate and Frigid, never » Theor. 24. In all Places of the two Frigid Zones, tJ^ Sun appear eth every Tear without fettitfg for a certain Number of Days^ and difappeareth for the fame fpace of time. And th^ nearer unto^ or the farther from the Pole thofe Places are^ the ^ longer or Jhorter is his continued Prefence in^ or Abfencefrom thdfajne. Theor. 2$» In all Places exa^ly wider the ArElick and An- tariiick Circles^ the Sun ( at his greateft Declination ) appea- reth every Tear for one Day compleatly without fetting^ and intircly dijappeareth another^ but daily rifetb and fettettb in thofe Places at all other times^ as eljewhere, Theor. 26. In all Places between the Equator and the l^oxth'Pole, the longeft Day and fiorteft Night, is always when the Sun hath the greateft Northern Declination j and the porteft Day and longeft Nighty when he bath the greateft Southern. Theor. 27. In all Places between the Equator and the South-Pole^ the longeft Day and ftwrteft Night is always when the Sun hath the greateft Southern Declination -^ and the fhoYtcft Day and longeft Nigfjt^ when the greateft Northern. Theor. Part Tht Line, doth c^ tween Sun rij Solftice The of the ways th The Hemif[ the Sec other. The the Ci rallel Places, Th( Circle very wi Th^ the C unto, Angki ths fhen the 1. Part I. Geographical Theorems. 55 Theor, 28. In all Places Jitiiated mder the EquhioEiial Lm^ the Meridian Shadow of a Style peirpe7:dicularly ere3ed doth cajl itjelf towards the Korth for one half oj the lear^ and towards the South during the other, Theor. 29. In all Places lying under the Equinociial Lhie, there is no Jleridian Shadow ov thofe two Days of the lear^ that the Sun doth e^tter the Signs of Aries and Libra Theor. ?o. The nearer that Places are unto ^ or the farther removd from the Equator^ the fiorter or longer accordivigly is the Meridian Shadow of a Style perpendicularly e^-ecled injucb Places, Theor. 3 t . The farther that Places are removed from tbs Equator (yet not furpajjing 66 Degrees of Latitude ) thegrea- ter is the Sun's Amplitude^ or that Arch of the Horizon he- tween the Points of due Eaft and Weft, and thofe in which the Sun rifeth and fetteth on the Days of the Summer ajid Winter Solflice, Theor. ^2. In all Places lying under the fame Semi-Circh of the Meridian^ the Hours both of the Day and,l\ight are aU ways thejame in one^ as in the other. Theor. 3^. In all Places both of the North and Southern Hemifpheres, that lie wtder oppnjite Parallels of Latitude^ the Seafons of the lear are not the Jame in one^ as in the other, Theor. 34. In all Places fituated in a Parallel Sphere^ the Circle of the Sun'* Diurnal Motion runs always Pa^ rallel ( or very near it ) to the rcfpe^ive Horizon offuch Places, Theor. 35. In all Places fituated in a Right Sphere^ the Circle of the Sun'* Diurjial Motion is fill perpendicular ( or very near it ) to the refpeBive Horizon offuch Places, Theor. 36. /w all Places ft uated in an Oblique Sphere^ the Circle of the Suns Diurnal Jlotion is always Oblique unto^ or cutteth the Horizon of fw;b Places at unequal Angles. Theor- 'f r t.l 11 !» r M. :v :.'■ I id living together for fever al Tea/S, Jhottld both expire on the fntm. Day, yea^ at the fame Hour and Minute of that Day^ yet the fjfe of one would furpafs the Life of the ether by diver: Months. Par. 9. There ae two ohfervablc Places belonging to Afia, that tie under the fame A^cridian, and cf a fmall dijiance from one anO' ther J and yet the refjetiiye Inhabitants of them in reckoning their time do dijfer an intire Natural Day every Weel{, Par. JO. There is a particular Place of the Earth, vohere theff^inds ( though frequently veering round the Compajs ) do alwny bio?? from the North Point. Par. II. Ti.^cre is a certain Hill intheSouxh a/ Bohemia, on Vfhofe Top, if an Bquinoclial Sun-Dial be duly cre^ed y a Man that is Stone-blind may i{now the Hour of the Day by the fame, if the Sun /]ji?ies. Par. 12. There is a confiderablc Number cf Places lying voithin the Torrid ^one, in any if which, if a certain kjnd of Sun-Dial he duly e'cclcd 'y the Shadow will go b:2ck, feveral Degrees upon the fime, at a certain time of the Tear 5 and that twice every Day for the f pace of divers l^^eekj : yet no ways dnogatingfiom that miracu- lous returyiiii?^ of tije Shadow upon the Dial of Ahaz, in the Days of Kjf'^ Hczckiah. Par. 13. There are divers Pinces on the Continent of Africa, and the IJlands cf Sumatra nnd Borneo, Xi>here a certain kind of Sun- Dial b:rng duly fix t, the Gnomon thereof will eafl nojhadow at all, during fevcral fcafons of the Tear '^ and yet the exat} time of the Day may ba k^iown thereby. Par. Part I. Par. 14. nhich beinj 'aid Ship, Coutfe for md juft tti Par. IS c/' 4 very\ frange an\ mo of the [mc, in cf time. Par. 16.1 Ocea?*^ whe\ that ts tofh fore it. Par. 17. ous Globe, )ct 'tis imp mediate Po Cardinal U Par. 18. ip/jq/f Inhai Morning bej [ct. Par. 19- fituated in a tints therec k either rij Par. 10. Britain, to • i' ' i' t ii ft ill ?. II ' :j li ;*f :4: M 40 Geographical Paradoxes, Part I. dom liable unto cither Himgcr cr Thirfl, Cold or Heat, Joy or Sor. row, Hopes or Fears, or any fuch of the common Attendants of Hu- man Life, Par. 15. There is a remnrkjihle Place of the Earth of n ccnfidc rable Southern Latitude, from whofe Meridian the 6un removeth im fcrfeveral Days at a certain time vf the Tear, Par. 24. Ihere is a certain Flace of the Earth of a confiderahle 'Northern Latitude^ where though the Days and Nights, ( even vohen Jhorteji ) do confijl of fever al Hews i yet in that place it^sMid-daj er Noon every (garter of an Hour, Par. 25. There are divers Places on the Globe of the Earthy where the Sun and Moon, yea, and all the Planets, do aclually rife andfct according to their various Motions, hut never any of the fixt Stars, Par. 26. There is a very remarkable Place upon the Terraqueous Globe where all the Planets, notwithjianding th:ir different Motions, and various AfpeHs, do always bear upon one and the fame Point oj the Comp/ifs, Par. 27. There is a certain noted Part of the Earth, where the Snn and Moon [ ipfo tempore plenilunii ] may both happen to rife at the fame in ft ant cf time, and ujfon the fame Point of the Compafs. Par. 28. There is a certain Place on the Continent 0/ Europe, when iffeveral of the ablefl Aflrcnomers ( the World now affords fhould nicely cbferve the Coelcftial Bodies, and that at the fame infiant of time, yet the planetary Phales, and their various Alpedts wotild bf really different to each of them, Par. 29. There is a hrge and famous Country on the Continent cf Africa, many of whofc Inhabitants are born pcrfcclly Dcrf, and c- thers Stone-blind, and covtiyme fo during their whole Lives ; andyet fuch is the ama:(ing Faculty of thrfe Perfons, that the Deaf arc as aapable to judge of Sounds as thrfe that hear, and the Blind of Co- lours as they who fee. Par. 30. There are certain People in Somh America^ who are prO' ferlyfurnifh'd with only one of the five Sevfes, viz, that of Touching, and yet they can both Hear and See, Tajle and Smell, and that as nicely as wc Europeans, who have all the Five. Par. 31. There is a certain Country in South America, wm- fiy of whffe Savage Inhabitants are fuch unheard of Canibals, that they not only feed uJ)on Human Fleflo-^ bnt alfo fomc of them da to aat frange ; Par. lope, ihree th ipithout Par. Country iip in ■^)ither, %ny mor\ plain, ^ Par. teirJg gc trodigiou that the , ferpcndic ' Par. 3 ra, whcf the fame )ct they} Heads, ' ' Par. 3 tthcY thn either Lo. Par. 3' the fame . mnpleatl; tcdlyfurj Par. 3 ilcr the Et 66 DegrCi hot full ei Par. 3 i'th in L thoufind . Jiiwe Poii i Part I. y or Sor. s of Hu- I ccnfidc- oveth 7m ifidernhle >cn vpfjen Mid-dd) ? Earth, ally rife the fixt aqueous Motions, Point of >here the ippcn to t of the e, where fhould ant of ould be \ncnt cf and 0- and )et nrc (IS of Cc irc prO' iching, \hat at fiin" \iibnlsy them do htt h Geographical Paradoxes. 41 if^ aclually eat themfelves ; and yet they commonly furvive that f range I{epaft, Par. 32. There is a remarkable I{iver on tU Continent of Eu- fope, over which there is a Bridge of fucb a breadth, that above three thovfand Men abreaji mny pafs alo7ig upon the fame, and that ifithout crowding one another in the leaji. Par. 33. There is a large and Jpacious Plain in a certain Country of Alia, able to contain fix hundred thoufand Men drawn Up in Battel Aray ; which number of Men being aSiually brought ^jither, and there drawn up, it were abfolutely impoffible for %ny more, than one fingle Perfon, to fland upright upon the fnid plain. "^ Par. 34. There is a certain Eui.pean City, whofe Buildingsl \eing generally of firm Stone, are {for tlie m'ft part) of a trodigious height, and exceeding flrong ; and yet it is mofl certain that the IValls of thofe Buildings are net parallel to one another, nor Perpendicular to the Plain on which they are built, * Par. 35. There is a certain City in ^(Je Southern Part of Chi* ra, whofe Inhabitants ( both Male and Female ) do obferve almojl the fame Pofture and Gate in fValkJvg, as we Europeans; and )ct they frequently appear to Stratigers, as if they walked on their Bends. • Par. 36. There are ten Places of the Earth, diftant from one an^ ither three hundred Miles and upwards, and yet none of them hath either Longitude or Latitude. Par. 37. There are two dijlinci Places of the Earth lying '*inder the fame Meridian, whofe difference of Latitude is fixty Degrees . tomplcatly ; and yet the true Difla?ice between thfe two Places doth not teallyfurpafsfixty Italian Miles. Par. 38. There arc a.'fo two dijlinci Places of the Earth, lyingun-^ tier the Equinociial Lific, whofe difference of Longitude is compleatly 86 Degrees^-, and yet the true Diftancc between thofe two Places^ is m full eighty fix Italian Miles. Par. 39. There are three diJiinH Places of the Earth, att differing irth in Longitude and Latitude, and diflant from one another tWB thoufand Miles compleatly, and yet they do all bear upon one and the Jame Point of the Covipafs, Ifu r ! :rf:? ^M v « Par. 4£ I' ' '■''ill *^ f r ll*" iii!.; i> ,1 - Geographical Paradoxes. P3rt|»art Par. 40. There are three diftitiH Places on the Continent , | Europe, equidiftnnt from one another ( they makjng a true Eju. lateral Triangle, each of whcfe fides doth confift of a thouja Mtles) and yet there is a fourth Place fofituated in rejpeii the other three, that a Man may travel on Foot from it to an) the other three, in the /pace cf one Artificial Day at a ceiu time of the Tear j and that without the leajl hurry or fatigue vgh foiver. Par. 41. There are three diflinH Places en the Continent i £urope lying under the fame Meridian, and at fuch a difian: that the Latiude of the third furpajfeth that of the fee end ^; | many Degrees and Minutes exatily^ as the fccond /urpaffeth ti firft, and yet the true Difiance of the firfl and third from ^ fecond ( or Intermediate place ) is not the fame by a great niAi Miles, Par. 42. There are two diflinH Places on the Continent of Ei rope, fo fituated in refpe^ of one another, that though the ji' doth lie Eaft from the fecond, yet the fecond is not Weft from ti Par. 43. There it a certain European I/Iandf the Nortlmi^ Part whereof doth frequently alter both its Longitude and Lai.. iude. Par. 44. There is a certain Place in the If and of Great Britaii vhere the Stars are always vifille at any time of the Day, if m Horia^on be not over^cajl with Clouds, Par# 45. -f^ w^ be clearly dcmovjlrated by the Terreflrial GUI'. That it » not above Twenty JFour Hours Sailing from the Bjver Thames in England to the City of MeiFina in Sicily, at a certA time of the Tear ; providing there be a brisk^ North ff^ind, a //^ i Frigat, and an Azitnuih Cvmpa ft, ' Thefe are the chief Paradoxical Pojttlom in matte:^ of Geography, which mainly depend on a thoroiig Knowledge of the Globe ^ and though it is highly pn^ table, that they'll appear to fome as the greateft Fables i yet, we may boldly affirm, That tney're no only equally certain with the aforefaid Theorems^ hu^ alio we are well affur'd, that there's no Mathematic: . • Demof fart I. Geographical Paradoxes. 45 jmonftratlon of Euclid^ more infallible true in it felf lan is every one of them, However, we think it not to pull off the Vizor, or expofe thofe masked Truths ? publick View •, fince to endeavour the unmasking of m may prove a private Diverfion, both pleafant and feful to the ingenious Reader, at his more vacant [ours s w^ haftning in the mean time to the laft Thing ropps'd, vw. F? E 2 SECT, 1:'H. Ill * »< ; fill 44 Part I. SECT. V. Concerning Land found from N. to 5. i^ Guinea ■ — _- Nubia • — jr*L' ^- ^Interior — .^Mthiopi4 I Exterior-^ J rNorth Mexico or Kew Spam ■ New Mexico or Nova Granadal ^Flmda «. J* \Tena. Canadenfis ■ ■ ^- Terra Arnica fromS.toN, 5 cTerra Firma Peru South } Land of the Amazons Brafil Chyli — ■> Paraguay — — ^j Terra Magellanica, \J['erra Antartika I > >from N. toS. §. 2. Of ISLANDS. They belong either r Europe^ Afia, The Scandinavian Iflands- |Thc Ifland of Ice-land — 'The Britannici Idands — (The Axpres ^— ^ — Tlie Mediterranean Iflands- to Africa^ America, in the N. and BaUick Sea, j^u^W. oi Scandinavia* N. of France, W. of Spain, ,S. of Europe, Ej Afia, i •'^>. ;^ • i'*m M m \ fj'll Land and Water. Part I. The Japan Ifland . The PhUippin — The Ifles des Larrons ^ — The Moluccoes ..—^—^ The Iflands of the Sund — Ceylon and the Maldives — C Madagafcar I' ''More Re- J The Ifles of Cape Verde markabley The Canary Iflands - — C.The Madera ^ The Ifles of Comoro — « /I D \Sr. Thomas's Ifland • L 3 St. Helena C Ifle of Afcenfion> rE. of China. S. W. of Japan. E. of the Phiirpptn. S. of the PhUippin. \W ,oi the Moluccoes. W.oftheIflesof5k«i. E. of Ethiopia, W. of Negroland. W. of Biledulger'id. W. of Barbary, N. W. of Madagafcar, W. of ^^/;/op/\i,Lat.oo. w) I W. of /Ethiopid^zt, 2. >^-S ^ s. W. of Sc. 7/;o/W4j. "North ^California - arc 2 Newfoundland Cuba. h4 ' 5 *) Hifpaniolz—^ ^ C Fortorico — Middle i ^ are the^ ''^ Antiles, \ ^Caribees — fc J Lucayes — «j J Sotovento L \, Bermudas - Part F, I L South is Terra del fuogo l^.E.o( St. Helena, W. of Nova Granada. . E. of Terra Canadenfu, I E. of New Spain, tilles. S. E. of the greater /In- S. E. of Florida. N. of Terra Firma; E, of Florida. f^S. of Terra Magellanic^, CJuitland ^< More a — §. s.OfPENINSVLA's. [Germany, I Greece. I LfV^/e Tartary. tS (Taurica Cherffmefus — - , m • f 1 r J' lintraGangem \ © i The Continent") , .^.^ • <^ ^'"'"f''^^^''^'^-} extra Gangem] ? | The Continent ^^ ^^^^ ,. i r^» . / -^. J, .., . I ^ Peninfula Indit intra Gan- jfthmH In i4//rf 1 In i4/r'c^ In i4/wer/( Capt The The w^The Can Capi ^Capt . (Capi ^i Cape ^ [Capi o ■Cap iCap 'Cap )Caj Ca\ t J ^^tra Malacca [Cherfonefa d^or] In Africa is none but Africa it felf I "^ ^ CMexicj or North Amir tea -n . ^ X^Peru or 5()«^A America > . . The W. of i4/i4. > America. §. 4. 0/ Part r. Land and Water. 47 §. 4 OfISTHMVS% In Europe are t\{t\Corinth "»^ rMorea to Greece. TaurkaCherfonefmio Lit- tle Tartary. 7 S '^ irf rof Englaid, The S. J The W.^ The W Sof Spalru The W.J s^ Cape SparteU Cape Verde ^) Cape of Goad Hope. ^ (^Cape of Guard] fen - Cape de Flvrida - Cape de Cariente Cape Fraward Cape ffoorn bfi c U4 The E. of China. ^ Peninf, Indidi intra Gangem, 5 . S. E. part of Arabia. The W. of Barbary. The W. of Negroeland. The S. of Mtfyapia exterjoK The N. E. part of Ethiopia exterior* Cape de S, Auguftine^^ The S. of Florida. The W. of New Spain. The S. of Tfrrd Magellanka, The S. of re/Tj The Appenn'ws Hills — Vefuvius r a Vulcam 1 The Jioly Mount The Grampion Hills — The Cheviot Hills Mai vein Hills — The Feaie - Sntwden ...^^ ■ Plinlimmon ■ o StromboU [ a Vulcano ] ^^tna [ a Vulcano ] — , ^Between Sweden and Korway* In the Southern part "7 ^, ,. , . In the Northern par t/°*^^^^/"^'^ ^ In the South-pare ot i^V4/;ce. In Lorrain, Incirculating Bohemia, In the S. oi Germany f viz. Suabia- In the South-parts of Poland, Between 5'/>4/« and Prance. Between /^^/y andl!!!''''"^''^- Suermany. ^ Dividing /^^/y into|^2}. In the Kingdom of Naples, In the N. of Afacedon, In the E. of Macedon, Ret ween Theffaly and Afaredon. In Scotand, i/^. S. of the River Dff, Bctwcr- Scotland and England, In £wi 'f^, v\z, Worcefler/hire, In England^ viz. Darbyfljire, In IValesy viz. Caernarvanjhire, In If,,,_ Part I. Land and iVat err "Atonies L'lbyci ^ r between Zaara and Egypt AtUs . 2 I Bafil'i o .Si rt X u n E CI (2 49 c Monies Lun£ Tenerife •r<^Thc>I/»4/4C^m Hills 'i^^ The Andes • In the N. of the Abyffine Empire. Under the Eq. in the fame Empire. i^i Between /f.#"^ Empire. In the Ifland ot Tenerife, Between <{ ^^'"^'^'^' . - l./c'rr^t Canaaenfis, In S. America rnnning from S. to N. o J, 7. Of OCEANS. i JThc ffyperboreanl.. "^ i^J IThe vafl W'e/?er/i/ Tartarean China -^ Indian — Per pan — \ Arablck 'Ocean e 2 f Oriental *) |^< Ethiopick SOcean ^ {^AtlantickJ o c '£«>.;. on the{Nor;;h. {North. EafL South. fEafl. Africa on the<^ South. CWeft. America on the 5*. 8. Of SEAS. I Eafl. Weft. JM^/'cl Sea German Sea r CSwedeland . vfith< Poland mpsLtt {Germany in pare vvith/f ^"^'''^^'^ - t on the ^'^ \Britain ■ j * ''"*^ ^ \V; -1 rW. — >on the^E. /r//^ Sea ^ l^with J ?'>'"; Mediterranean Sea a ^ Ireland . { } on the I ^^ } on Che {5^ with/P^"°t^!i^^^^'l?"JN- e^^^"lpartof>iy/rf J the Is. . ^ ^ and W. *^^Euxine Sea J '^ 1 part of >{//<« j^the ^ S. and E. The Seas in the other three Parts of the World, are different Parts of the Ocean' [except .V4re Cajpium in i4// %- ^ Sinus Botnicus ^^ Sinus Pinnicus- — I Sinus Adriat'icus hi j Gulf of Lions — I Gulf of Tarentum \(j\xl{ o£ Lepanto ^\perfianGu\{ ( GxAioi Bengal' — In Africa \it\{tAr a. bian Gulf Gulf of Mexico — ■} s c A* g ;,,,. S.W. between {5:-f-^f- 'v^N. W. into Tirrrtf Arnica, jr. 10. Of STRAITS. I ''Straits of Dover — Straits of the Sound StnizsoiGibra'ter ^ . Straits of Cajfa ^ I Thrac'an Bojphorus ^ I The ffellefpont I Veer of Me0na -*.- {^Bokeof Corftca ^ r Straits of the Sund X (.Straits of Or mm — Jo Africa is Babelmandel ^5 r/r«< Eaftcrn pare of SwcdeUnd^ Itment Coniiance Geneva Lucern Wlnander-mere . Wittles-mere - Nefs> Lomond Foyl — Neagh - £4rn — Verge - fCorus . Kithack Kithay Hex - Chiamy ^- Aflamar — Babaconbar Bttrgtan — ^Afphaltis rElbuc'iara Libya — Bvr/io — IH^*^ Aqnilunda< Sachaf Zare • Zambre ZaftMti } Weflern part of Swe:(eUp.d^ I h eftern pare of Afofcovia: ca a o ^Southern part Germany. North oiEtglandy viz, WefimwUnd* Middle of Eng'andyVh. Hmtingtonflnre, Northern i ^^ ^^^^^ ^ Soutnern j '^ Northern \ Northern C . ^ , # . NorthernrP"^^^ ^''^^^^^ Middle 3 ^ North •) I North >partof Tartary. ! MiddlcJ iEaflern p^rtoi China, Northern part of India, Northern ^ • Northern Sparc of Perfia. Middle J South part of Paleftine* Weflern part of Egypt. Middle part ol Zaara, North ■) Middle Sof Ethiopia Interior f South J I >Souch pare of Ethiopia Exterhri ■J- ' V ( .' '. 1 11 \l\ li fffljJr „;< a U t.i '1^ 'I-' > ;i i I'1 ,. ' 52 r Nicaragua ■ •^ J Par'tme . 5 ] Tuicaca .. "^ / Eupana or Xaxaius \ Iroquois ■ irf^rf I 1--^ U 1 ff "if J ild 54 La/fd and Water. Thofe of Afia. Parti Oby Ochardus Is jPaiifanga Chefel . ^ iSLKiatig "^Margus — . „ Unknown - Unknown Unknown La^artus — M f Ganges — *§ < Guenga * — Unknown Unknown ( Idem — W) I "g I Not remarkable ^ I Idem .. >. £ >s. W. fW. turning N. |}n. E. W. (turnings, E. various E. S. £. Part r. 5 CSrveri, c In ^»3/4 is ! fxffr/ Inter'm > ^ < \ Palimalon ^ S Bendimor / Tint! K^Syri — . Not remarkable . Arabs ■ — - Bagradas, Agradatus. — EkleuSj ChaofpeSfffidiifpes Araxes, Arafer, — <— Tygris — c W. E. S. I Euphrates :■ >S. E. In New Spa, (N, Gran In l^Flori Florida In Egyypt is the iV/7e Thofe of PSxiC2i. ^ r mus- ^") Guadilbarbara ^1 Major Bagradas^Macra Rubric At us ^ r:? ^^. Y Guadilbarbara \ c ( Not remarkable ^ \jor < c *< Not remarkable*^ g "^ Branches of Gir In Z(i4r4 is t lie Body of Gir In Nfiroelanda is the Ni^er^- c < 06 Giras Gir as Idem S. E. S.E. W. ^ ' The gre I \ The Co} I ) //udfon'i ^ ] Rive re , ;: /The Sef ^ \ The Fa Ik. In Terra Aril (M'rary \%) Slope . ^ Parama [In Amazonia With id Br Ow/^C'* art I Part I. Land and IVater. 5$ ing N. 2 CSvper'm de Cofta c o iRiveredeVolta Not remarkable Not remarkable irnings, us N. W E. rnm-i m la Nubia is the Kiver Nnba — | 5^ 1 "g Zaire ■ >.ii '< Unknown \y {Coannes ExtemrJR, de Infant IZambre — - K,de Spirit hS.. o c < 1 Interior is ^/Ve its main Body J Not remarkable I m v I .S Unknown — Unknown — Unknown — Unknown — — Nilus S. E. I In TAofe of America* In New Spain none remarkable "> *^ CN, Granada is il/o del Nort. l^Florida is A. <^c/ Spiritu S, (| ' The great River Canada — - I \ The Connecticut . 5 J mdfon's River. . |t / The Sefquahana » ^ The Patomeck .. } Unknown Unknown 111 Terra Arliica none. c\K R»de Faria or Orinoquo ^■■l iR.ftef Madeline Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown S. E, c c "S < \s, Martha JMiary — Slope — rt »»^i In Amazonia is the /imaxpr>t with i(t Branches — -L Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown • Unknown ; ^Unknown J IB ii M ^iD "I 5« Land a^d Wafef. Part I. I'^h.l'Jlii i ' 1 Peru none remarkable ^Paraguay is Rjode la PUta( "^ In JchiH none confiderablc \TerYa. Mj^eLanical \ c Terra Antartka^ r°"^ J < Unknown Thcfe are the mod: Remarkable Rivers in the World, as alfo their old Names, and how they run •, which Rivers will be found very cc« ceffiry for the better underftandin^ of the Second Part of thisTrcatife, wherein we defign to view ail Remarkable Countries in their SitnatmA Extent, Divifion, and Subdivifions^ and more efpecially thole of fwrope.] But fincc moft of thofe Rivers above mention'd belonging to the Con- tinent of Europe do confift of feveral confiderablc Branches very nc- ccfTary to be known ^ we fhall rehearfe fuch Rivers, and annex tol each of them their Principal Branches, all which may be readily found by Travelling Irom the Mouth of the Rivers towards their Heads. | Therefore, U o B s n %» >-■ E GS Volga arc < ^^ * I Occareca - rV Oyfe Seine are < Mam l^Tonne < fMiiy:nnc Le Sarte Le Loir - Loire are -< yienne — *j Indre — I Lc Chcre lAUicr - Durance Rhone are ( Duran ^ Jfcrc r V.nd nnc Garone arc <^ lot — . - s. N. E. Is. W. \ N. W. S. W. . W. s. s. w. w. D4mlii art I. Land dnd Water. rPruth — Mifc om ilanta ~ Morarvd — Teyjja Danube arc < Drave . Save Inn Ifer Lech Her El me arc I Rhine are )4nu'ii' Mixcfe arc W'lfer arc FJhtV^ CSenne Ruppel [running W.] aug- I ^;' " mententcd by SihelJ^iTC ^J\ndcr Lis — Scurpe Haiine Soil - Haife Ljppe Roer \Mnfelle Lahn . Maine l^eckar [JDemer { c 57 s. S. E. S. N. S. Y- Vn.e- 1 N. w. If^Dommel Siers , Aoer - iSambre Semoy '^Chiers { /IZ/e^fW.] augmented bv[^;i7, fiiid ■ . m, — . *" N.E. s. w. N. N.E. >• N.W W RcmaribU ' T\ i,i'. '• ' 1 1 58 Land attd Water. Part I r Wart a Oder are ^ BBher \Weftritx. Nteperzre -f^'^"-*. " L^^VP^^^Ky ^r Pereptus^ Viflul is the Bugg . Nkmen is the K///w o is '< tSegra ) (jatiega — {^Xalo ' i Guar dame flit Guadiana are none remarkable ^Zatas * y Guadarran K^Xaruma Douro are Jfa arc /Tow'oes - Tormes \^Arlanx,(t J re//«a — ■ . Tanero [running CBormida ^ E. turning N. < augmented by {^Stura Sefia \Jiora Baltcd Adlge is Bach/giione — CEifa \Sieve — Arno are I /oifkritff its ciiicf firiinch is ^^^^^^o N. N.E. s. vv. N.E. N. turn W. w. s.w. S. E. S. W. N. E. w. S. \V. vv. }■ ^ N. W. S.W. Is. E. N. N.E. I ].S. E. ' S. N.W. E. turning S. W. S. W. S. E. Tbci Land and Water. 'art !• L,and and Water. 59 Thefe are all the Remarkable Branches of the Chief Rivers on the ;;ontinent of Europe. And thus we arc come to a Period, not only of [his Sertion, but alfo of the Firft Part of this Treatifc, having now ncrform'd thofe five things at firft propos'd, which was to entertain [he Reader with fome Geographical Definitions^ Problems^ theorems^ ind Paradoxes \ as alio a Tranfieut Survey of the whole Surface of the Terraqueous Globe, as it confifls of Land and Water, And fo much lor a General View thereof. Now followeth. ■■■ -M F 2 PART kl>j\ ■1 1 Wi s' if m f L4 ^r1 JZrCnJ't ■ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) i, ^ A 1.0 I.I 1.25 lii|2£ 12.5 sSf I- Vi Hi IS. U_ 11.6 P; /3 / > «> '> op. /A Photographic Sdences Corporation aa Wt^lSY MAIN STRIIT W^BS^KR, N.Y. USIO (1\(.\ S72-4S03 Part ■,1 ■ . ii;^ii liv i< H ^cn/'ti P^ i ;t ting eith (iuc'd CO In tal |{lin witi lljiiic or Part II. 6i Modern Geography. PART 11. Comprehending a PARTICULAR VIEW OF THE Terraqueous GLOBE, Y a Particular View of the Terraqueous Globe, we under- hand a clear and exaft Profpeft of all remarkable Countries on the Face of the whole Earth, according as they are re- prefented by particular Geographical Maps t, as alfo a true and compendious Narrative of the chief Obfervables rela- ting either to them or their Inhabitants : All which may be briefly re- duc d to thcfc following Heads j i;;>;. their Situation^ Air^ Vniverfitiest Extent, Soil, Manners, Divifioii, Commodities^ Language, Subdivifion, Rarities, Government^ Chief TownSi Arcbhi/hoprichf Arms^ Name^ BifljopriciSf Religion, In taking fuch a Profpeft of all remarkable Countries, wc fliall bc- kin with Europe, and travel through the various Divifions thereof in the lame order as they are fee down ( pag* 44. ) Therefore F3 CHAP. • 'I .'. i -' !i 1,?. 6i Part 11 CHAP. I. Of EUROPE. The Continent of Europe being divided ( P^g^ 44- ) into Vlll. great Parts. ( S wedel and ^ ^Stockholm. 1 &CCinliittal3ta S Denmark C Norway ^orcoUd or Rudia • I france > ^ ©ecmanp polairt- S)paat 3!tali? Copenhageti^ Bergen. Mofcow. " •S ^ Vienna. a. y Cracow. Madrid. Rome. Cur&j) in Europe Co^Jiantinople. To thefe add the European Iflands. The Chief of which »af '" "^ -d jTh»re of }^,SJ,, i^belmti. 5 53 ithat of Dublin. Of all tihele in their proper Places. gECT Part II Jividcdl ts. gen. i^'ll-S|!i ^W% '*" V- ^ ;ii(;-;,j'j,l' T ^ mople, F whichl ECT \ f(, h Ni' :lf ;j^: Pnr Divid( , Smdei \ ^ com hem Venma Kon SCitnhi Pro^ GoM Pro Pnr/: 11. ff3 SECT. L Concerning g)CanWna5)l(l* d. m. •§ (becween |^^ J^'lof Long. I ^becween |^4 lo j^^ ^^^^ Miles. i«e ^Length is about 1030. 5 C Breadth is about 840. fSwedeland^ • C Stockholm, Divided into the Kingdoms of< Denmark y\ < Copenhagen. {^Norway J'Q {^Bergen. rScania ! Gothland . ■ ■* Swede! and prop, upland ~ hends. Lmnia fLunden — Calmar — Stockholm ^^ J Nottebofrg or Rigit n ..h SJifftiand \ Slefwick DsnmMk ^D^n/y/jlflands J ^yCopenbagen t^ .': !i from S. to N. from S. to N. from W, to K. IJorway comprehends five Governments. Of which hereafter. More particularly, i i.SWEDELAND. Scml, contains the S^f!i''"''\ru t . f^f'^/^'ril-W. to E. Provinces of < BM'ng \Ch.Tom^ Chrfanfiat^ • C^^c^owe/i J {^Luuden^ Southward. r VermeUndU (/o^fe/^n^ contains the jSjJ/ff.TT" Provinces of ^mrogoth^ a Carollfadt "^ N. to S. in b \ Daleburge > the Wcft- Gottenburge J part. ^(?/?rog9^W I {ryi 64 Scaffdinavia. rSitdermania - Nericid Wejlmania — Vplandia - f Ntkopln " Orebra ■ Arofen ^ Smdeland [proper- ly fo call d1 con. : ^ a - tains the Provin.<^ ^'^'^''f. CCS of ?f ^/''^'^ Medelpandia — Jfemptia"-—^ — . \^Angermannia — Vma^Lapmark irfft'dMrfcontains the ) Pj^ha-l.apmark l>rovince6of K^^/'^.-^^p/w^r^ 'Torma Lapmark Kiml-Lapmark thoicJVpfal and of \ Stockholm Geval Part II Ipart II' •-\ I, r^hrt\ prelj the ceiTd from (J '■c Hedemore - Hadswickwalt Selanger — Reffundt Hernofand •— JN. 5 Sout] prel the Lfturc Finland contains the provinces of fCajania N, Finland — Tavaflia — J Savolaxia — - Kexholmia^ Crelia - — Nylandia — ^^5. f inland - o 1 -2^ Ula Tornitt - — ( Kimi — The Cl -from S. to N. I hereafter — I ngria preprh- Ingria contains the > Provinces of S Jngcrmanm — y^SQloiiski >WaoE. Cajaneburgh upon thc*!^/;:] Biorneberge ^ Tavaflus / Niflot > Kexholm J IViborg Borgo — ^E, toW.I Abo ^ -} Orefca^ or Not teberg Caper'w • Juanagorod Riga - Narva- Divided ii Governmc This va three difl Of each o ]»S. toN,| livonia contains ^hc J Lettenland Provinces of XEftiand §. 2. DENMARK. rXhe PeninfuU of Jwtland, Being divided ini:o< l.The Damlh Iflands. LP, of Holflem [ of which in Lomr Saxoti)'. fflamc.] and Nori Edtick^ by the Ft Sweden 01 Suevi^ 01 3ttr.] too nigh healthful ^ -^ Part njpart II. Scandinavia. ^ rSorthcom-'^Aalborg — "^ ♦'Idem — ? prehends (W'lbrg-^ Idem — . the Dio- r'Arhufen — ■ cedes of J Ripen — 6$ n S. to N. I thtVk ) >WaoE, .E.toW N. to S. W. .5. toN, Aarhus Idem — »fro:Ti N. CO S. kitlmi ',4 C 5 rffederfljvc \o\ j^^^ I At\t\amv M J a ?■ ^ I prehends ) Flensborge ' ;| the Prefe- -< GotoYp: U Ifturesof 1 Tonderen '^JEyderflede I Idem. Idem. fromN. ro 5. upon the B.iltic/i' Sea. Idem 'l Tsi. to S. upon the Idem V o>rw.i.Se3. Idem {JTonningen The Chief of the D^n///; Iflands are Zealand, Funen, 6ic. Of which hereafter when we come to treat of Iflands. S. 3. NO R WA r. Divided into the Goyernments of Bahus • \/iggeYus Bergenus -— Dnnthemus — Wardus — . i2 Idem— — Agger "^ ^Bergen — 5 V Drotithem (J J Idem — S. toN. E. Thisvad Continent of Scandinavia comprehending (as aforefaid) three diflinft Kingdoms, i/i;^. thofe of Sweden, Denmark and Norwaj^ Of each of thefc feparately, and in their Order. Therefore, §. I. SWEDEN. fiamc.] OVeden formerly Suecia, part of ancient Scandinavia \ k) and now bounded on the Eaft by Mofcovia on the Weft and North by Norvray j on the South by the Sound and part of the Baltick'] is term'd by the Italians, Sue:(ia •, by the Spaniards^ Suedia , by the French, Suede ; by the Germans^ Schweden \ and by the Engli/f:^ Sweden or Swedeland ', fo called from i:s Ancient Inhabitants the i';rf/ion« SHCviy or Suethidiy with the Addition of Land for Termination. ilttr.'] The i4ir of this Country is generally very Cold, but (ifnoc too nigh fome Lake or Marfti; very pure and wholfome^ yea, fo healthful to breach in, thac many of its Inhabitants do frequently live CO ■i-h I Uicm if'' .11,. |le del an J ^ istlj Part of the vaftpacifi.k Ocean, comprehended between the 22orhaJ 230th Decree of Longitude, with 50 and 70 Degrees of South Latiudel §0tl. ] The Sj/V of this Country (it lying in the ptli, 10th. iitJ and 1 2th Northern Climates) is not very fruiciul, but yet w^cre icii fertile in Corn, that difadvantjge is re ompcns'd with t )lcral)le pJ ftunige: However it produceth as much Grain as f tficiently fcrvetlil its Inhabitants: Its numerous Lakes are very well flor'd with virioj kinds of Kiihcs. Irs Mountains arc generally covered over wich Trees, and (evcral of tY.cm lin'd with confiderable Mines of Tinl Erafs, Iron and Copper, cfpccijly the two lair, and that beyond anjl ctlicr Country in Europe ; befidcs in Welimanlt is a Mine of Silver] The longeft Day in the Northmofl part of this Country is about two| Months (the Sun being fo long without fetting when near the Sum- mer Solflice.) The Ihorreff in the Southmofl, is about 6 Hours !, and the Nights I'roportionabiy, ' ' Commot)itfC0] The Chief Commodities of this Country are MetaJjJ Ox hides. Goat skins, Buck-skins, and coffly burs, Pinottrees, Fir- trees, Oaks, Tallow, Tar, Honey, aad fuch like. IRarttfCflf.] The Chief ^ri>7^/>.f of this 'Country may be re kon'd thele following , vi^. ( i. ) Two publick Cloch of admirable Workmanfh'p j one belonging to the Cathedral Church of Vpfali the other to that of St. Lau :nce in Lundetiy efpecially the latter, which (fuppos'd to be the Work of Gafper Bartholinus)(i\cvist\ot onlA the Day, Hour and Minute, but alfo all the remarkable Motions ot the Coelcflial Bodies, with all Feftivals, both fixt and moveable, and feveral other pleafant Curiofities. (3.) A few Leagues from Gtff;en« burg is a dreadful Catara^^ where a confiderable Current, which runs a long way out of the Country, and coming at laflto a hideous "Precipice, rulheth down from then e into a low Pit, with a mighty force and a terrible noife ; and whereas the Natives ufually bring down their Hoats of Timber by that Current; fuch is the Height of the aforefaid Precipice ; and fo deep is the Pit into which the Water falls, that large Mafts, when hurried down by the impetuous Stream from that Precipice into the Pit, do frequently dive fo far under Water, that] 'tis a confiderable time before they rife up to the Surface thereof again j fome of 'em being 20 Minutes, others 40, and fome upwards of a whole Hour under Water. If it be alledg'd that the Mafis may proba- bly flick fad into the Mud for fome time. To take off that Objeftion ; the Pit into which they fall has been often founded with a Line of ma.j ny 'art If. Scandiftavta. []v I undrcd Fathoms long, but never couK! they reach the bottom. h: fov ards th.e Souti.crn ,3arc o^'^'othliirJ '■» i remarkable Slimy Lake JJvh' 'i un%t:s fu h rh' nr? :-:« ^rc p'.ir 'vv.j '.r. '4.) '■"• feveral pares of Is^Jc'i i- tf^-'*^'^ ' crcin Sronc, which, bcui^^t a Y 'low Colour, in- Ifermisc vvufi Icv'^ral -Srrr?.!ks oi .....'r, {i^'-{ c^mp^' d of Go'dand Sil« vii) arToids both Sulphui, vitro), a'tim and Minium. (5 ) Some write of a lake in Lapland^ uliich hach as many Iflands in it, as there |are Days in the Year. 3rcI)bifl)0p;iCfetf J Archbifl?opricks belonging to 5'»'t'i/t'fl, are Two, |i,^. thofe oi Vpfal Riga, 15id)OWiCb0O Bifliopricks in this Kingdom are eight, 1/;^. thofe |of, IGottenburg^ IVexiac^ \strengties^ Lundcn^ Lmikop'nigy Scaren^ Abo, MnitttUtit^,'] Univerfities cfhbliflied here, arc Two, v/^. thofe Vpfal Abo, fanners ] The Smdes ffor the mod part) are Men of big and Arong Bodies-, Men, whofe very Conftitution doth fie them to be Soldiers. This Nation has been noted in the World for feveral Warlike Atchievements, and is ftill able to endure the Fatigues of a Military- Life; yet their Military Affairs in former times were but very indiffe- rently ordered, their chiefefl Korce confifting in the Boors, till Gujiavus and his SucceiTors with the affiffanceof fome Scotch and German Officers, introduc'd good Difcipline among the common Soldiers. Their Gen- try are much given to Hofpitality, very arable and Civil to Strangers, and many of them become confiderable Proficients in feveral Arts, and Sciences. The Commons are generally efleenVd good Mechanicks, buc iookt upon by all, as too much addifted to Lazinefs in Point of im- proving their Country, by not cutting down many unnecelTary Forefis, and improving their Ground to better advantage. I HangaagcJ] The Swedes fpeak a Dialeft of the Tetitonk, which is fomcwhat different from that us'd in Denmark and Vpper Germany. Pcrfons of quality underfland and fpeak the Ifi^h German Language in its Native purity. The F'mlanders have a peculiar Gibberifh of their own. For a Specimen of the swedifl} Tongue, we (hall here fubjoin I the Lord's Prayer in that Langwge, intending to obfervc the fame Me- thod I '•; ■ • m m )i - r ' ,■'• " 'si S 'V:i'' .f k\ :m^^.. ^8 Scandifiavia. Part ig i;:!' '.f' '<*! liM .'' « I' thod in treating of all other Languages in F.uYtpe, Their Pater k^iM runs thus, Fadher war- fum e!} i himlcm ^ belgh.xt w^rde tiett namyn^ till komme t'ltt ricke^ sk^e thw'ilie (j, co'tii himmeleny fa ock pa jordenn^^ n'art d.fgiiha brod giff)jz i da^h-^ och fir! at ofz^ war a skuldy fa fom 9d n^forlate them ofs^ skyldiglje aro) Ock in Icedh o'r^ ickci frcflelfe utbanfril\ oj^i fra ondo. Amen* . C'O that of the Xobility, where the Grand Afarfid prefides. 2. That of the Cl<^y..y-> where the A':cbbifl)np of V^fal prefides. 5. That of the burgefjex, where one of the Conjuls of Stockholm prefides. And laft, Thar ot the Knights of the shin\ where one of their own Number clefttd by theiufcives prefides. Chief Courts cftablilli'd in this Kingdom, arethefc Five, 1' >• (i) That commonly called the K/w^'s Chamber y defij^n'd for the Deciiion of all Cafes happening between the Nobility, Senators, or any of the Publick Oifieers, and here the Kini is (at leaft, ought to fit as) Prc'iden-. (2.) The Court Martial^ in which all Matters reliting to War aredetermin'd, and here the Grand JVfarjhal of the Army is Prefidcnt. (:?.) The Court ot Chancery, m which Ed idils, Mandates, CommilTions, and fuch like, are made out in the King's Name, and here the Chancellour of the Kingdom is Prcfideir. (4) The Court oi' Adtn rulty^ in which all bufmefs relating to Mar:- tine Affairs are tranfailed, and here the /iii^h Admiral is Prefidciir. Laftly, the Court ot F.xihcaev. in which all Matters concerning the Publick, part II. Scandinavia. 69 Ipublick Revenue arc manag'd, and here the Grani Tret fur er is Prefi- (ienr. 3rm9'l The King of Sweden bears quarterly. In the Firft and Fourth, Ax,uye^ three Crowns, Or, two in Chief, and one in Bafe, for iw^deland. In the fecond and third, Barry, Ar,,ent and A^ure, a Lion, /r, Crown'd Gules, for Finland, Over all quarterly, in the firft and lourth, Sable, a Lion, Or, Crown'd, arm'dand languid, Gules for the Palacinate of the Rhine, In the fecond and third, Lozenges, Bend- Lfe of twenty one pieces >Ir^f«^ and AT^ure, {ot B-i'varia. For the Xrcft, a Crown Royal, adorn'd with eight Flowers, and closM by as nany Demi-circles, terminating in a Mond, Or^ The Supporters arc jtwo Lions, Or, Crown'd of the fame. And his Motto in thefe words, \Vomms Prote^or mem, IReUgiOtl't Luther apifm is the eflablifh'd Religion of this Country, eing univcrlally profefs'd by all Orders and Degrees of Men, (except |in L/i'onw, where is a confiderable number of Papifts intermixt j and lAfUndy manyof whofe Inhabitants are meer Heathens, ufually wor- rtipping the Sun, Fire, vSerpcnts, and the Like) and that ever fince \)\t Days of the Reformation, which was happily effefted in this King- dom by Gufiavusxhc Firft, upon his AccefTion to the Suvedijf) Crown, Ifmce which time their Religion hath not been difturb'd from abroad but loncc, and fince that difturbance, never diftrafted at home by Non- [Conformity ^ for Perfbns of all Ranks adhering to the Tenets of Luther, give conftant attendance on Divine Service, and join in the fame man* ner of Worfhip. Which uniformity in Religion, fome are pleas'd to bpute to that effectual Method commonly believ'd to be here taken, m lately proposed in Enfjand^ to deter all Romilh Priefts from en- hmg Sweden, [^eorum k. Cajiratiol and fowing the Seeds of DilTention Imong them. Cbriftiatiity was firft planted in this Country, A. C. 829 ; land that by the careand diligence of Anfgarius (a Monk of Corvey, and laftcrvvards Archbifhop of Breme) fent thither lor that end by the Em- Ipcrour Lewis the Pious, i 2. DENMARK. Umc ] y\Enmark [formerly Cimbrica Cherjmcfus, a part of An- \ _J cicnt Scandanavia ', and now bounded on the Eaft, by J!3rto( the B.tltick \ on the Weft, by part of the German Ocean \ on jhc North, hy x.\\q sound \ and on the South, by part oi Germany'] is Icrm'd by the Ittlidns^ Dania j by the Spuniards^ Dinfnarca j by she French 1 1 m. •'I : fv m 70 Scandwavla. Part II French Dencmark\ by the ///^/j Germans^ D:memArk., and by the Cn^'/iyi* Denmark ; fo called trom the Bounds and Marches of its Inhabitants the D.tnes, whole Country, bordering on the Ancient Batavi and Saxons was thereupon call'd D.we-maychy which Name in proccfs of time did turn into thaf of Denmark. 3IirO The i4'> of this Country is much the fame with that in the Southern Part of Swedeland^ it being extrcamly Cold, but in n^oll places, very wholefpnie. The oppofitc place of the Globe to Dcnma)i is that part of the Tacifick Ocean lying between 21© and Z2o Degrees of Longitude, with 50 and 60 Degrees of SoHth Latitude. ^otlO The Soil of this Country (it lying in the loth and nthl North Climates) is very good for Grain and Pafturage. Here isabun. dance of Fifli, dpecially Herrings, as alfo many wild Fowls, and mod kinds of wild Beafts. f he longell Day in the Northmolt partis ij Hours ;, the Hiortell in the Southmoft is 8 Hours ■:J and the Nightj proporcionably. CommotJ(tieff-l The CMcf Commoditks of this Country are Fiili, Tallow, Furniture for Ships, Armour, Ox-hides, Buck-skins, Fir-wood, and Wain-fcor, (fy'c, 18ai'ftiC0. 1 Near to Sfefwici (Southward) are yet to be fecntlicl Remains of that famous Wall and Trench^ made above 880 Years ago by (jotric'ms (then King of Denmark) to hinder the Incurfions oi the Saxons^ refcmbling fomcwhat the Fief's Ifall in Great Britain. Between F'.enf^ b^rg and Slcfwkk is a fnull village, which goes by the Name of Anglen^ remarkable in fo far, that from the faid Village and Country adjacent, came our Anceftors, tbe Ancient Angles into Great Britain, In Gottorf is an admirable C/Zo^f of Copper, 10 Foot [. Diameter, fo contriv'd by one of the Dukes of Hdde'm^ that (by certain Wheels turn'd about by Water) it rcprefents exaitly the Motions of the Coeleflial Bodies. As ahb another of fix Foot Diameter, fram'd by Tych-> Cr. '^rxl and Artificial. Oi Natural Cmiofttics, there is indeed iii his MuUivn as good a Colleftion of all lorts, as in moft publick. Re- (icorics in Euope; there being to be fecn in it all remarkable ^z;/- ils, Birds, FijJjes, Plants, Minerals, &c. brought thither from moft rts ct'the known World. But my prcfcnt Dcfign is not todefcend lo particulars here, fince the Reader will find an account of fuch Cu- fitics, as he Travels through the various Countries from whence they ime, and to whom they Originally belong : Suffice it therefore in this ace to take notice only of the Artificial Rarities of this Mufxum, the oft Remarkable of which are thefe following, v'lr^. (i.) The Tmr nd Arteries of the Human Body curioufly reprelented by LonlVare, all fern appearing in their natural Situation, Bignefsand Colour. (2.) An rtificial Human Skeleton, of Ivory, admirably well done by a certain i I • H^'W ',' I.;* ':;ih.- m Scandaftavia, Part II. n he was a Hunting : But in the Judgment of the beft Cricicks, 'cwas miAthy Chr I iii an \. of Denmark, (12.) Many Roman Urns, togedier with a Stilus Romams /Eneus^ which is four or five Inches long, and about the bignefs of an ordinary Goofc Quill \ it's (harp at one end and the other h fitted to fcracch out what has been faldy Written.! (13.) Afachina Plamtaruw^ an excellent Mouern Engine ^ by turnin? the Handle of which,one may readily fee at any time, either part, prcfenr or to come, the true 5tate of the Ce/e/?/^/ Motions according to the C ' pernicl S\ Item ; the Longitude and Latitude of each Planet ; their Api- gjium and Fer''gaum\ and true Place in the Heavens; with feveral other plealant Cunofities. (14.) Atachina Eclipfium, another Modern Engine! lo contriv'd that by turning it Round, one may fee both the Tear, and Day, and Quantity, of a Solar or Lunar EcUpfe for any time defir'd either] part or to tome. Both thcfe curious Engines wereprojcfted and com- pleated by theirefeat I'rotelTor of Mathematicks at Copenhagen the In- gemom Olaus Rcnsr, (15.) Afachina In^ens Coj-ernicanay a lively Re- prefentation of the Cofernick Syflcm, beinga pretty Mechanical Enginei mov'd l-y Clock-work, which having the Sun immoveable in the Ccn. tre, Hiows the true Motion of the Earth both Diurnal and ArnualJ asalfothe Moon's Motion about the Earth in 29 Days and 12 Hours, with her various Pbafes, and the refpeftive Motion of each of theo- ther Planet?. (f6.) h'mny Frifms, AUcrofcopes^ Barometers^ and BurniniA Glaffes, particularly one of a prodigious Bignefs, being 32 Inches Dia. meter. (17.) A curious Cylinder of well poliflVd Metal, by which fome Colours on a Table that appear monftroufly confus'd to the naked | Eye, do clearly rcprefcnt the true Elfigiesof Frederick I, of Denmarh^ with his Q^Lieen Sophi.ina Ainalia, fiS.) Various forts of Arms andl Habits of a great many Nations ^ with a curious Colleftion of Pidurcs done by fome of the bed Maftcrs. (19.) Some Indiamnd. Egypfun Idols of Wood, Stone and Ivory ^ with a few of Porcelline Earth, and one of F>;als from Egypt m form of a Hog. (zo.) Some Pages of writing oil I'alni free Leaves from the Coaft of Malabar, being done by the Natives of that Country, with an Iron Stile. Laflly, In thii MHjdtum is a great number ot Medals both Modern and Ancient. Tliel Modern arc all £)4M///;, beginning with ChriflianX, and defccnding to| the prefv lit Times. The Ancient are all Roman (except $ Greek) Ar^i thofe cither of Gold, Silver or Brafs Of (jold are fome ol j, f .f/>,. JiHguJlns^ Tiberius, Caligula^ Nero, l^efpajian, Domitian, Nerva, Tra]M\ Adrian, Antoninus FiusySeptimiusS-'verusy^inA fome others. Of.S7/wrl aredivtrsof t!ie foregoingEmperouis, and thofe that folIow,viz. O'.i/iuJ Otht, Vitdliui, TitUi I'ejpajian, Antonius yhihjophus , Anrelins I'ou^X Akreli'^i Commodus, L, Scptimius Sevcrus,'A\\& nioll of the followiii^l Emperourhdovvn to M. AureliusViilorinny Of Brafs are Medals of j! the Emi^cioursabnvi; uicntioned and feveral others bcfidcs, [part If. Scafidinavla. 75 3[rcl)btCl:op?icl\0. 1 h^ioi Archbijhprkls in en's Kingdom, thcre'i D3h one:, vi^' that of Copenhagen, :i5ifl)0p;ticUff. ] Bijlj'^pric.l'S in this Kingdom, are rhofe of Slefwkk^ ArhyfeiiyAlburg^ Ripcn^ Wibiirg, Clnlbcrfittcff- ] Vnivcrfittes in this Kingdom, are thofe of CopenhA^en, Kiel. fanners. ] Tlie Danes ( a very warlike People of old, having ionltramcd many of the Northern Nations to fubmit to the force of [their Arms at foine time or other) are now aimoflof rhe fame Temper Ivirh their Neighbours the Swedes dnd Ge>mans'^ but that they are gene- iTJlIy efteem'd a I'eople more given to Pride and Cunning, than either [of the former. So cxtrav.igantly vain are they of their own performan- Ices, and fo much addii^ed of late to fulfome Flattery of their IV in- Ices, that upon almofl every undertaking of their King and Country do Ithey u(e to (Irike Medals \ and fuch as exprefs the Adion done in a jTioft Hyperbolical, manner, tho' fometimes tlie Matter in it feif is of To fmalllmportance, that no Nation of fwn^e, (but the DanifJi) would brdly deem it worthy of a place in their Weekly Ga^etU'^ mucii lefs [he Honour of the Medal. T\\t Danes are indeed Induftrious and frugal tnoiigh, bur the Trade of their Country is at prcfent very Low, Mer- Jchandizing being much difcouraged by the Severity of the Civil Go- Ivernmcnt. They are alfo confiderable Lovers of Learning, butgene- Irally greater Lovers of Excefs, whether in Drinking or Eating, efpe- Icially the former ^ and that ever fincethc Juice of the Grape was re- Icommendcd to them by the High-Germans^ ve, crovvn'd, Langucd and Arni'd of the hrff, for Djn'naik. 2. Giifes, a Lion Rampant Of, Crown'd and Armd of the (irl\, in his Paws a Battel- Ax Argent, hiked of the fecond. for Norway. 3. Gules, a L'on PafTant-guard.tnt C)\ on Nine Hearts of the fame in Fcffe, for G^itbi-:i^rd. 4. Gules, a Dragon Crovvn'd Or, for Schoncn, 5. A^ire, three Crowns Or, for Swe-ia 6. Gules, a Pafchal Limb, Argent, fupportinga Hjgof the fame, m.nk'd with a Crofs Gules, tor JmtLtn.i. 7. Or, two Lions Palfant-guardint, Av'-^c, tot Slefwick' 8. Gules, 2 Fi(h crown'd Argent, for Icelml Ov?r thcfc ci^ht C^uarters, a great Crofs Ardent, ( which is the ancient Devifjl part If. Scandiftatia, 75 Deviie of the Kingdom) on the Centre of which are plac'd the Arms ot Dithmarch^ viz. Gules, a CavaHcr Arm'd Argent. 9. Gulesj a Ncitlc- ieif open, and charg'd in the middle with a little Efcutcheon, the whole Argent for f/olllein. 10. Gufes^ a Cygnet Argent^ gorgd with i Crown 6>/-, for Storm ar/fj. ir. Gnl<;SyZ\^o b'ei{es Or^io^ Pelmenljorjl, \i. Gules, a Crols Pattree-fitchrec Argent, for OUenburgh. The Shield lurrounded with the Collar of the Order ot the Elephant. The Creft IS a Crown Or, Hower'd, rais'd with eight Diadems, terminating in a Mond of the fame. For the Motto are thefe words, Fietas fy J'^fii' tU coronant, IRcIigion.] The Errors and Praftices of the Roman Church being grown at length fo intolerable, tnat an Univerfal Reformation became expedient, this Kingdom, among the other Northern Crowns, threw off that infupportable Yoke, and cordially embrac'd the Doftrine of Luther, which being allow'd ot by Frederick the Firit, about the mid- dle of the laft Century, was fo firmly and univerfally eftablifh'd in Deit' innrk^ that in all the Damfl) Dominions there is no other Religion buc Meranifm profels'd, except fome French Refugees, who are aliow'd a Church at Copenhagen; and a few Popilh Families, who were lately permitted to perform their Worfhip in a Chappel at Giuck(}at, The Dmfl) Clergy do ftiil retain the Practice of Confejjim, which all Perfons are oblig'd unto before they participate of the Bleflcd Sacrament of the Lord's Supper ^ they li^ewife retain Crucifixes, and feveral Cere- monies of the Rofnan Church. Chriftianity was fully Eflablifh'd in this Country about the middle of the XII. Century, and that by the means of Pope Adrian the IV. (an Engli flyman ) who before his AflUmption ot the Popedom, was term'd Nicbolaus Breakfpear, §. 5. TSJORWAT. fiamc. "VT^>'wu jxrini Ctiliu '^k .^i Uan, Part Pa^e yy. t (bet Divided Trhes — K^rgapoli Dw'ma — Condora. » Siberia * 03iorrf — Vologda ' So MordowHi Kifi Novoi Volodim'ir Mofcow - Novngrod , yieskorv - S:veria - Part ir. 19 SECT. ir. Concerning ^ofcOUia. a. m. Miles. I ^becween ^,4^ °°^of Long || ^^"8'^ is about 1630. (. 71 00^°^ ^"* J 5 (.Breadth is about 1500. I between Divided into(^o"n Chief Town J !^^'''V^v'^Jr• '^''^''- ^Soutli J ^ Mofcowy Capital City. More particularly. North contains many Provinces, but chiefly thefc of Trlnes r Kargapol'ia I f, Kargdpol -}■ Dw'ma Condora Siberia ObJora- Vologda _ ; S ! S.. Michael, Arch- Angel I ^ ^ — • i .il I Tohot — 7 ^ I Bere:(pn> — 3 ld'"m, upon the Upper-part of the Dwlna. South containing many Provinces, but chiefly thefc of 1^ ■ fV,;V riL-r .;!i; m «ifi-'i 1- Cafan MordowH^i -«— /C//? Novogrod- Vohdim'ir — Mofcow — ■" C5 > N..ie '^<^"^^^\ffom E. to W. ajf. Novogrod iVeiiki-— yieskow — — Ssvejia — — , ^i;: -< Idem .ii , Idem at the Mouth of the Volga* Idem Idem- 7 Between the I ake llmeht X and Peipus. l^Novogrod'Servaski S. W. of Mofcow, C 4 M05. r 'il 80 Part II, I part 11 M S C F I A. |)'l tr' S^MM' \ yl<'^;(')i/\/ or /v //]//./ [containing much of S.mnatia Eumps,:^ L V j with p;!rc vi Su'matia Afuxtica^ and now bounded onl r]ic Eafl hy Tjrtuvy ^ on the Wei^ h^j Sweden^ on the North by thcvaf|| Northern Ocean, and on the South by Little Tartary^ Georgia, and tlic Cufpian >ca J is termed by the Italiansy Mofcovia ^ by the Spaniards M^jcovhi\ by the French^ A lofcwie or Ruffic HLinchc \ by the Germans, uMufcau., and by the E^glijh^ JVIofcoviu or A-hfcovy^ io cali'd from its I Cliiei Province of that Name, whole Denomination is deriv'd iron Mnfch'i or Moici^ an Ancient l^eople firil Inhabiting that Part of the Country. The Name of Ruffia is generally agreed upon to come fromj anotjier Ai:cient Teoplc of that Country, cali'd R'ffi or Kuffu 3tr. 1 The A r o^ ths Country is very Cold, particularly towards! the N( rth, wiicre Snow and Ice are ufual for tiiree (Quarters of the Year^ but in the Southmod I'rovinces they have very fcorching Heats in the Summer lor the Spvicc of fix Weeks. Theoppofite Place of the Globe to M)jcnv\r^ is chat part of the vafl Pacifick Ocean, between 2:0 and 2C0 Degrees of Longitude, with 45 and 71 Degrees of iiouth La- titude. ^Oil. ] The S:)il of this Country ( it lying in the 8, 0, 10, 1 1, i:, i'Tc. Nortiurn Cliniarcj is very ditTerenr, according to the difftrcnr Situation of us Tarts. Here arc many Plains, hut generally full ot MarlTics. Towaids the North arc vait Forefls •, ancl even wlicre the Ground is clear d of Wood 'tis ( for the moit paic ) very Birrcn, and to cNtrcamly Cold, that what chey fow doth leldom come to due Per- icCV.on. In the South well Parts towards FolanJ^ the Soil is tolerablv good, file Ground there producing fcveral forts ol Grain in Great a- bur.dance ; and 'tis reported bv many, that their Corn is ready for rt aping abcjuc two Months after it is Ibwn. The longeft Day in thf NorrhnKfl Part of this Country is above two Months, The Sarmi letting lor that time when near the Summer SoKficc^ the fliortefl in the Scut'mioff is about 9 Hours ;, and the Nights proportionably. Commot)ltif£r. 3 The Chief Commodities of this Country, are fiirj, s.ibies, Martins, 'Wax, Honey, Tallow, Train-Oil, Cdvicrc, Hemp, k'ax, Slad, Iron, ^c. ?fif rt tes. ] As one cf tl.c Chief Rarit'es of this Country, wc mav rcv^kon that llrangc Ibrr ot Afjon^ found in or near to Allrac^f^y Ca'An aiid Sitmarn. Sumc ot the Natives term it /iart:rtV/.,'( i.e. The littlt Lamh^ irt III part II. Mofcovia, 8: ndcd on ' thcvaO] gi(t, and Germans, Irom its ''d iron •c of the mc from towards rs of the ng Heats ;c of the I ween 220 1 outh La- ii,i:, iiTtrcnr full of ere the rcn, and due Per- tolerablv Great a- cady for in the Su n not 11 in the arc fiirj , Hemii itmb) other Zoophyton, which fignifies the Animal Plant. The firfl Title would fcem moft proper becaule in Figure it refcmbles a Lamb, and fuch is its vegetable Heat, that according to the vulgar manner of expreiTion) it Confumcs and Eats up all the Grafs, or other Herbs, within its reach. As the Fruit doth ripen, the Stalk decays^ and is covered with a Subflance exaftly the fame with Wool that's fhort and curling. A part of the Siiin of this remarkable Plant, [vulgarly rcckon'd a Plant, but difown'd by our Modern Botaniftsy'] is to be feen in the King of Denmark's Publick Rcpofitory of natural Rarities at Copenhagen- the infide of which Skin being Drefs'd, as Tanners ufuully do the Flefliy (ide of Lamb Skins without taking off the Wool, no Man can di- llinguifh between the Skin of the Boraretx,^ and that of an ordinary Lamb. Whereupon, it is that many of the Mofcovites ufe the Skin of this rare Vegetable, (if we may allow it to be fuch) inflead o£ Furs for Lining of their Vefls. As another remarkable thing of this Country, we may here add, that ftately Church in Mofcow, call'd Jeru- JAlem, which feem'd to John Bafilides I. (then CT^ar) fuch a ffatcly Pile of Building, that he ordered the Eyes of the Archireft to be put cut, that he might never contrive, at leaft, behold its fellow. Eccleflafiicks in Mofcovia are, One Patriarch, Four Metropolitans, Seven Archbilhops, and feveral Bifhops. The Patriarch is he of Mofcow, rcfiding in the fame City. f Novo^oradsl'i and Welikoluskoi, Metropolitans are J Koftoufska'i and Haroi^ausko'u thofc of J Cafaml'oi and Sunatsko'i, X^Sarskotaxidi Pondosku 3?rd)bifl)op?fcbflf.] .Wolodoiko'tJin^ Weliko'Premskoi, ' Refamkoi and MornmskoK \Snsdalsko'i and Turroslo'i. Trvcnkni and Caffinsk)}. Sihirsioi and Tobolskoi. Allrachansloi and Tersloi, Flcshousloi and ^bdrsko'u Aichbif})opncl's are choi'e ot 115(fl)opi(cUof. ] As* to thcexad Number and Names of Eifiiopricks iiithis Country ; the fame is but uncertain at befl. we niav| illnfljfrfiticflf.] Here we can hardly expert the Seats of the Mufcs t\tMn|^vhcic i\\G Lihcijl Arts and sciences have been fo long haniftlt, and the ic Zjrf/f|^uidying ol them inliibitcd by PubLck Authority. H,')'^ V] ■I, if ■ ^ ■'■! WM Lml>\ f^una n I,. h l*R> 82 Mofovia. Part j! ^^mif rfif-l The Mofcovites (Men of a vigorous and healthiul Cod- flitutiou) arc generally reckon'd a ide, deceitful and ignorant fort q( I I'coplc; and muchaddirtcd to cxccifive Drinking, as alfo unlawful and I bcallly I'Jcafurcs. And lb fond ot ignorance have they hitherto been, tliat 'tvvjs lookc upoH as ( almofl) a piacular Crime for any of theJ to jppiv hinilclt to a learth after Knowledge But things are now niigh. tiJy altered in this Point, and that by the Encouragement of his pre. lent tiJriih Majcfly, who gives leave to his NobiJity to acquire the Li- beral Arts and Scitnces, particularly the Mathematicks ; and toacqua ntl ihcnirdvcs with foreign Countries and Languages And that the Learned Languages {Greek awA Latin^ maybe no longer ftrangers in th'S Ccuntry, he iiath already erectccIPublick Schools in Mofcow lor the ttajching of tl.em. By whi^h means it is to be hop d that the Brutilli Temper and Stupidity of this People, may be much rctorm'd in fome time. And whereas the prelent Eanperour hath already villted fbmcoi the bcft Nations of £//)(5/)/', purpolely to improve himfelf in Warike Atfiir?, both by Sea and Land, (^cfpecially the former) and fi nee this Lindcrtjk'ng is lb ^uncommon, that the Mufcovitif}) Story can't .iff rd a Faiailel ; 'tis alfo to bchop'd, that the Effe^'ts thereof will be equally aflonifning, and that in humbhng (if not cruihing) hothTrks and Turt.irs, h:s dilturbing Neighbours, and profelled Enemies to thcCrofs ofChrilt. With fuch bii^ hopes as thefe were many thinking Men m Euroi'C tirmly poliefb'd for fomc years bygone: But the r;^^i>^'s late Attempt upon his Chrillian Neighbour the Swec^e^ and the Unchriliian Circumffanccs of that Attempt have very much dalh'd all hopes of| that Natiirc. lansuflSC. 1 The Lati^;,u,ife uid in this Country, is a Dialed of thfi »<'c/.a'on'»i/f, i^ut lo corrupted and blended with other Languages, that 'tis hardiy undcrflood by thofe whofpcuk the pure ScLivmiiW, whichl nevcrthclcfs is Itill us\i by the/ljrfj[^.;tkM lnta\ ftolk^bm fiintbAtofi /cwim taiiuihiJJ.iayn nia^t palla. Meiciben'i kipMl n\'n Ic'ipa .t/i/M mahdlen tanapuiwana^ j.i anna me'idem fynMa: Kwin moil ar.n^j'fhi meuicn \\tl]adhin ykko'illen-^ ja ala fata meita kin fauxen fnutti\ pUiiJt.i iiicitd p.tjjla, ■ (Ciobcrnmtnt.l This great Body is under its own Prince, wliol afi'unieth th.e Title ot r^i^r, (which in the Rujjun Language fignities Emperor) \ct more ccmiiionly he's tcrm'd the Great Duke, He's an Hereilirary Monarch, and his Government truly Dcfpotical. The Lives and Fortunes ot his Subjects arc wholly at his difpofal •, and the greatcit Km'i or Lord within his Dominions, doch acknowledge himfdi lart n« Mofcovla, ^5 jnifelf his Galop or s/41/?. As he is a Prince of uwcomroulabic Power, mKo he's poflcfs'd of vaftly extended Dominions, from whence (tho* iich oi 'em be very barren) he draws prodigious Revenues •, and thofe ^ only that accrue from Publirk Taxes, but likewifc from his Mo- Dpoly of . "tables, and farming out of publick Jnns^ Taverns, and Ale- Uy, [he himfelf being firfw'er General'] which rifes to a very high [m, elp( cially in a Country where the »*eopIe is extreamly addifted I drinking. The C;^S !t!f>l 1' , mi ■1 .- a .'<■ l^ Kit 'I it ■ 1 m ■»" I 84 Mofcovia. Part I Wor/hip to the Virgin Mary^ and other Saints^ as alfo to Crofles, ao never commence any thing of Moment unlels they firft fign themfchfl with the Sign of the Crofs. In Baptifm they ufe Exorcifm, ands ways Confeffion to the Priefl before they receive the Sacrament of tii Lord's (upper. All above feven Years of Age receive that Sacramcrt \n both kinds, and they give it in one kind to Children under tJ Age. They ufually adrainifter the fame (as alfo extreme Un rJ to perfons part all hopes of Recovery j but they neither adore A Sacrament, not believe the Arange Dodlrinc o\ TranfubftantiatioJ They obferve fifteen great Feftivals, befides a great many Days decj cated to particular Saints. Sermons they never ufe, but only real fome Portions of Holy Scripture, with St. Bafil*% Liturgy, and divej Homilies of Sz Chryfojiome. The Chriflian Faith was firft planted ij this Country towards the latter Part of the Tenth Century, andtli( by the Preaching of fome Greeks^ fent thither, by the then Patmi oiConftantinople, I I Im SEC If! ' w.i nm 'K ■'■• I ,\- ■' M |;':iiiJ i If ^ m 'M 1 w L :3ffl iia— .. .. iiB ' jR [iiii m i _> T '7^- S'\ CJM IC^..: W^c'-'"'^ rW« L'f fn 'J. Catdff ^*^4> -^'^'SA*^^^^ "ati^* irt If. Being fcrr^ comprc lends the Go Kinmencs of ri/(//(?coir.pr( lends theG( rernmencs ol .(//i compr^ bends the G< Nrnmcnts oj [vided into irt ir. 85 SECT. III. Concerning f tatlCC* d. m. between bervveen Length is about $39 Breadth is about 450 ^ North. Being divided into Three Clafies, vix,. > Middle. J South. trtk comprc- lendstheGo- hinmencs of f(/i//t?coir.pre- lends theGo- Jernmencs of \nth compre- hends the Go. rernmcnts of Pkardy ' Normandy The Ifle of France Campaigne '^Am'tens^ Northwards. Paris — J»from W. to E, Tmye j Breta'ignc \0rleamis . Bourgoigne Lionois — - a o rGuienne & Gajcony ) Languedx ^ Dauphine ■ y^Frovence ,^ — j Rennes — Orleans — Dijonl Limf BoHrdeaux I' Tholoufe Grenoblel ^Aix ^, J- .W.toE. Of all thefe in Order. ff. t.PlCARDr. l^Lomr, towards the Wcft-j \Abbeville, ^inm ill m But 86 'ranee. Part II m \ I I ft it % But more partjcularly. Ticrafche . Higher conmn^^^ S antene •^. ,Amieno}s — Pais Ketonquit Lovper contains ^/jr^^j , \Bon'ognois ' — PonthkH c ■ £ ■ 'Curfc- -. S. i^itisnfin — Perome . Amiens — — ^ .E. CO W, CaLiis — Idem - Boulogne * ■^Abbeville .N. to S. To Pkardy wc fubjoin the Archbilhoprick of Cambray, lying Nol Peronne. Chief Town Cambray. ^. 2.N0RMANDT. ^,,,^,,„^^ ) Roven Higher contains S Qjj-gy^ . CCoufantine Lower comains< Cacn More particularly, fPais dux -^ "> cCaudebeck ^ 'fi'ihercon Idem — J>N. to S.E. Idem . — J Idem, S. of Roven. l^Alencon [Lmr cont ^Idem, S. E. of Caeiu §. 2. IJleofFKKN C E. fvided into J ii 'ranee. h More particularly, o Soiffons B'auvais PontOyfe — Scnlis •IS — Jl to W. Jw. to E. fLaom'is r I Soijfono'is J Beauvo'Jes rS':rth the Seine i Vexin Francois contains J I), of Vabis I Jfle of France •- [Brie ^mth the Seine J Murepoix . i j^eiin — -> contains IGaflemis — [ ^^fontargis-^}^'^^^^ §. 4. CHAMP AIO NE. '^^' ^"-}^C;l;:^fc}chief Town{j;^- More particularly, , Paris — - — 7 ,,, ^ fKethelnois. n'lihcrcoTitimi) ^\ of I<^heims s ^ ^. . ^, . - ^^^''^^ — >N. to S. W. ^ /^/^6 Champaigne . ^ [ S. D/\/>>' — J Lchallonois -j^jS ^ Chalon on the River J/^rre. CSennois- \Lwer contains*? Low Ch.impaigne iBaJfigny -;- Troyes *\^Langres es ^ J to E. ^. S. BRET AIGNE. vided incol^'^*^*'' Eaftvvard > f ;lMn^^ viaea mcoj.^^^^^^ Weft ward ^ f ^^^^^ Towns <^q^^j^^ More V- 1 ) ' ■Si l>. Vm I i W'i vmj 88 Frai 'ice. Part II J Part II, More particularly, Doh ^Higher comams/ S. /yfah the Tenko\ Brieux . ries of ( Rennes Nantes I Sr. Pol de Leori' Trigv'ier a .a ridem "> Idem ^E. to W. Idem J Idem 7 . , Idem t^-'"^- Lower contains ^Comoaile . Vaimes — Bnji. Idem. Idem, ibidem- — Ivv. toN.E. > W. to E. Hiiher^ [ pcriy tiie To \Uwery [\ I i tains i\\ S. 6.0RLEAN0IS. rXorth^ "^ Char tret Divided inco- Iw. to E, Nogent Chartre Vendofme S. of f crc^'t' End comp hends /<«^er — o , Tours- Orleanois Nivernois ^ B/o/. C i4«w// Or'eans — \ Never s - W. to I, I W comp hends iC South contains^ ^"^r''"' Foichu (^Berry i 9- G J" lOchelfe — _ J. 7. BVRGOIGNE. Pwr,A,.A ;r.^/^7 ff'gher. Northward 7 ^, r ._ rP/; w. ividcd mtoj.^,^^^; southward 1^'"^^ ^^^^nlBir^V « Br^^ M rt III Part II. Fraftcs. More particularly* [oS. ,toN.E.| . toE. f'Auxerre pro- J Dijon Higher, [viz. Burgoigne pcrly To caird] contains *< Chdhn the Towns of . 1 Mafcon — I Autun — '\ChaTolUs lower., [viz. la Brejfe'j con- CBourgeen Brejfe tainS) the Towns ot < Belly < {JTrevjkx % ._ Iw. to S, £. N. toS. flN.trS.E. -.Weflward. '„ir'*'«'< §. 8. L 10 NO IS. divided into<|^^^^^ ^- :} Chief Town { Lhnsy Clermont^ I. to L £-^ fGuieme In 8 r^ South ^BaT^adois- Provinces, j jAgenois j (^ Rover gue j ^Staintoigne j J Perigort — ^4 North f Umofin'X fmnh the Adour Les Landes^ ^Albert ^— \ArmagnAc - GAure Bourdeaux . BaTjas Agen Rhodes . Seintes PerigHettx — Limoges - — Cabors . — Dax , Idem I Gafcoigne in- | r Labour — *C to 3 pares. <^ Upon the ^ Gafcoigne prop, Adoui ) EJtarac South the AdoHr (^Comminges •»- I.ojj'er Navarre iC, of 5o«/c \Bigorre - Conferiint — -. H "^ Condom - Verdun - Bayonne Ay re Myrande ^ S-iJeu Lombes S. r34 Idem 55 m. CCI-^ o S. E. Idem-^ I^'^"^>w. to £. Idemi Idem'' Afende .) •J ■s Narbonne • ._ /'Territories /Be:(iers — | § \ of r MotitpeHer 1 Lnver con- ) J Nif/nes tains the "S Country of^Givakdan — / Sevcnne} di- yelay Le Puy 1 ^^ ^^ g^ V. vided mtoj ^ivare^ — j '^J'lviers J §. II. DAVPHINT. \ I. „» '^Higher, towards the Eafl "> ^, . , - ") Grenoble. ^'-■^'^ "*• rioter, towards the Weft }<^'"«* TownJ., More particularly, f Grenob'e upon the //ere |//;^l)fr contains fe- \Gap leral Towns , the ^Ertibmn yienneo pcf of which arc /BrUncon or Briarfm V. PigncYoly S. E. of Brianfon ~\Nigh unto or upon he Durance, f'-'C \!'alence W to S. i' ' N ^' Paul de Triciden — .- J wer contains fe- .^^ J-^/Vme Ivctal Towns, f'"*: ■r/j5lo!"lchiefof which; .^'^"f^ ^ ?>;?, S. E. of f'^i/mf. 11 ' *"< !! H ^ i f2. PRO i;' 92 'ranee. Part II, I Part I I > ;' •'. §• 12. PROVENCE. . . fH'gher^ Northward Divided into^ Middle part l,Z.ower, Southward —J More particularly, f Orange — *) CS'iflerim, >Chief Town^ Aix {.Marfeilles, ^Higher, whofc chief Vj'^'"'''" Towns are K'y^ r- }• jPorcalquier Csijieron — W. to E. on the North of D«- rance River. Middle psLTty whofcJA/x — chief Towns arc \Rier ^ Senc Glandt. rMarfeilles I Toulon — jLow^r, whofe chief J ^''^''7 "" Towns are 1^^'^"^^ - I l^ence — ,W.toE. oniheS. of the Dnrancc' I W. to E. nigh unt^ >► or upon the 5(^ i Coaft. •Loraim Principj I rheTer, Aifo thoi Divided into After thefe Twelve Governments we may here fuj;^^/;^;. j^^ join two other Countries adjacent to the Ea part of France. LORAINE. »^• 'J J ... r^^J'^t?"? properly fo called— -7 ^..fT^^^rA'rfMty. ?^^^^^^/"f°lDutchyofLrtweftward]}^^^^^^^^"lfi4r/.fl MiMe, its ^wer, its rt 11, 1 Part 11. 'ranee. 93 More particularly. Uxmi properly fo called D. of5<«K ■ — Principality of Pha/tTibourge ■) Toule ^^ ' TheTerritor.of We/ "> Clermont -• .Bitch . Aifo.hofeof-^f;-l-" Salme . ^yandemont' "i f Nanc} towards the Middle, Bar le Due, Weftward. Idem, Eaftvvard. c o , Idcm^ L i^ J Idem") r-H ^ Idemj' _ Is. to N, Idem, I $ Miles W. of Verdun. Idem— ,"\ Idem— / N, to S. upon the E. Idem-, r part of Loraine. , Idem — J Udem, 1 8 Miles S. E. of Tw/. FRENCH COVNTT. ^ . J . ^^'^^f^ Northward—") C Montbel'iart. Divided intoankre ch\ and by the Englij})^ France :, (o caJIed (as mofl Authors agree) from the Franks^ a German Nation, inhabiting that Part of Germany ftill call'd FrancQnia\ who invad ng Gaul^ and by Degrees fubduing a great Par: of it, gave it a New Name from its New Mafters, who (in the Opini. on of fome Judicious Writers) I'ad theirs from certain Fanchifa granted them by the Roman Emperors beyond what the Neighbour. ing Nations enjoyed -, or (according to others) from the GermM word, Fraen ^nd Anfetij the iorrher fignifyiHg Fi^e?, and the other an Jieroe. MiV''] The Air of this Country is very Temperate, Plcafant, and Healthful, being in a good Medium between the great Excefs of Heat and Cold, which ordinarily attends tlofe Countries of a more Northern and Southern Situation^ yet fo healthful is it, that this Kingd ^m is generally obfcrv'd to be lels fubjcit to Plagues and Sick nefs, than molt other Nations ofEuropey and the Air about M^"^pt'/'t's| in particular, is Univerfaliy cftecm'd Medicinal for Conlumption!. The oppofue Place of the Globe to France, is that part ofthevaflj Pacifick Otean, between 190 and 207 Degrees of Longitude, vvidi 42 and 51 Degrees of South Latitude. feotl] The Soil of this Country (it lying in the 6, 7, and 5j North Climate) is extraordinary fruitful, particularly in Coml Wine , Fruits , Hemp, fyc. TiiC Fields being here both large lod open, are generally inccrmingrd with Vines and Corn ^ asalfd bordered and interlin'd with variety of Fruits : Here are many vjl Forefts, and thefe well (lor'd with moll forts of wild Bcalls fit loj Hunting, fcveral Mountains, and thefe covered over with nunicl rous Flocks, and fome of them lin'd with rich and valuable Mines here alio arc divers excellent Pits of Coals, and Quarries of StoiK The longefl Day in the Northmoft Part of this Country, is aboii 1 5 Hours -{. The ftiorccft in the Southmoft, is 9 Hours \, and tli| Nights proportionably. CommotlitleB.j The Chief ro;«wjiV?V/>j of this Country, are5a| Fifh, Corn, Wine, Almonds, Coral, Canvas, Oade, Linen, Vm Wood, Skins, Alamodes, Luflring, and rich flowcr'd Silkf, Vcr(iigr| Crcmor Tartaris, (^c, ' ■••''' letfltitlfol Batitici ioii'ic rema in til at G w<. (i.) 1 a yet ent figures an jrc alfo thi S>tmtes in ereftcd by nin'd over iiis of a R tivelve Mil above anotl; krs-^ as tl at perigneux n Aries in all is thaf a ivith Icvcra KrrMlns and Heathen Tcr the Jcnetoye] Ferif^ueux in (j.) The Ru ^urgUH./y; tl tliole at Tho. kliofe Ancic |inorc efpecid I'jles in Pro Itwo Foot hi^ ptone. Amc |riic large P llfagiies froi of Work puring it fo may add th the Rime m weighing [virh Scipio Aj icers attend lihe fame be (loring a bc;i ^poii.s'd her Thefe bei i^^'jle in this [1 Part II. Franc e. 95 are Sa ^crdigr! [fltitits-l I5aritAuxerre '^ Kor leans ^&L ^S^^-crs ^;.)/e.«. Part ir. (Soijf)ns Lam Chaafons Ko'i'pn 't i Beauvais I Amiens I Senlii 'i^Eoulogne Bayeux Eu> eiix ^Auranches Lifeux C9Htances \1 CMans Angers Rennes \'antes Coinoujille I ^ Vannes \^ S. Mih S Brieu Treguter S. Vol de Leon Dole Clermont \ Limoges 'S. Flour Ue Puy Tulle rrance. 'C aft res Mende '^^Rode:^^ ^ 'Cahors Vahors f Poitiers Saintes Angnklefm Verigueux Agen Condom Sarlat Rochelle ^Lucon ''Acquis Aire Bax.as , j Bayonne "S ! Comminges ^ Conferans Le^QUre Afefcar Oleron [JTarbes Pamiers f Afirepoix ^ }Montauban ^ v:ncs, Pau Tliefe ParliJ Iflividcd into 'no lefs tha n ^ the Rcah he Tournelle 5 exceeed a Wncery and Ws vvhere !■ Chambers pmin'd, an( ^'tiv'd, Trea P 'ike are State, the Tower and JurifdicHon of the Nobility was fo ftran^elBe.'d at the Cit iimpair'd, th.K now tlic'y appear as fo many Cyfheys in the NatioiJ'i, rau^ Bl th.K now tlicy appear as fo many Cyfheys in the Nation The Adembly of the three Eflates (vii^^. the Clergy^ Nohility snj Citi-^ens (was likcwifc in great Veneration of old, and the ^td Authority it fell was thereby very much limited j but thac A(rcmb| ^Jufes reJa "iijles) are (dicatory. P oi^ Paris a H. I Part IL France. 99 not having been conven'd fincc Anno 1^14, their Authority is now fup- prefs'd. Finally, the Parliament of Paris was likewilc a Conven- iion of mighty power and many Privileges, and it often ufed iiere- tjforc to oppofe the Defigns of the Court ^ but that AiTembly has been tjught other things of late, and its Wings arc now fo flrngcly dipt, that it dares not appear in the leaft, againflany Pro- polal '.vhich is or.ce hatch'd at I'crfaillcs, So that the French Mor.ar. (hy is now skrew'd up to fuch a pitch, that it diffcreth but litdc, or norhing, from any of the moft abfolute Empires in the W orld : And irs prefent Monarch, for defpotick Power, may now vie even witli the Emperours of Mofcov'ia, China^ or Turkey, The whole King- dom being divided into 12 Governments; over each of rhem is fee aGovernour, flyl'd the King's Lieutenant- General ox S uper- Intend ant ^ having tl:e like Power as the Lords Lieutenants of England formerly had in their feveral Counties. For the better management of the pub- lick Affairs and Adminiftraticn of Juflicc in ail parts of this King- dom, here are eftablifht a great many Courts of Judicature, parti- culaily thefe following, o;/;^. Par laments ^ Chambers of Accounts ; Cou ts of Aids '^ Prefidial Courts-^ Generalities-^ Eleilirns, &:c. L P^tr- liments (the highefl and fupream Courts of the Nation) were fifteen in number , reckoning the late Conquefis, and held at the Cities of Paris^ Tholoufe, Rouen, Grenoble, Eourdeaux^ D//ow, Aix^ Wv.msy Pau, Mets, Befancon, Tourney^ Perpignan, Arras, and Brifuc. Thefe Parliaments, (according to their refpeftivc Bufincfs) are jdividcd into feveral Chambers, efpecially that of Paris, which hath ntiitm\^Q Ids than Ten, vi:^. (i.) The Grand Chamber, where the Peers f the Realm being accus'd of any Crime, are ufually Try'd. (2-) of thijli^ Tournelle Civile-, where they take cognizance of fuch Civu Caufes i)f/;j- andpsexceeed a thoufand I/Ve/ in value. (^) The JburnelleCriminelle; ^narchJl^^r^^ Appeals from Inferior Courts in Criminal Matters are heard il Racesl^ difcufs'd. Eefidcs thefe three, there are five Chambers of Inquefl ; here Depofitions of WitneiTts are fet down, and Caufes thereupon eccrmin'd ^ being almoft the fame with our Bill and Anfwer in vncery and Exchequer. And laftiy, There are two Chambers of Ae- w/?-, where Caufes of Privileg'd Pcrfons are heard and difcufs'd. ''Chambers of Accounts-, where Accounts of the Treafury arc famin'd, and Homage and ValTalage due from the Royal Feifs are ceiv'd, Treaties of Peace, and Grants made by the King, and ch like are recorded. Thefe Chambers are 1 2 in number, and d at the Cities of P^inV, Rouen, Dijon, Nantes, Afontpelier, Grenoble^ I, Pau, Blois, Lifle, Aire, and Dole, III. Courts of Aids, where Caufes relating to the King's Revenue ( particularly Aids, Tallies^ '".lies) are determin'd, and that without any appeal to a higher idicatory. The Courts arc in number Eight, and held at the 8 Ct» 5 of ParU^ Montpeli^r^ Rouen, ClermonPy Monjerrand^ Bourdeaux^ Aix^ ."^ivc )feoi ndif. eople illo( ve al! d thac other King. :crs ot ^ffion, a verv Nation, jgli a,l ng late- !(brit= abroad iimoniy ne run's nws .v. WAS p.ll' \m M- li m lOO France. Jixy GtenobUy and D'l'pn, IV. Prefidial Courts (compos'd of feveral Judges) where Civil Canfes in matters of fmaller importance, as alfo Appeals made irom Subaltern Jufiices in Villages, are heard and decermin'd. V. Generalities , whofe Office (they Being the Treafurers general of France) is to take care of affeffing the Taxes proportionably in their relpeftive Diftrifts, according to the Sum propos'd by the King and Council to be levied. Thefe Courts are 23 in number (each confifling of twenty three Perfons) and thefe conveniently fituated in feveral parts of the Kingdom. They do al. fo judge Matters relating to the Crown-Land, the King's Revenue, and fich like. Laflly, Ele^ms-^ which are fmall Courts fubordinate to the Generalities, and their OITice is to caft up how much every Parifh in their refpeftive Divifion muft raife of the Sum propos'd by the Generahty •, and accordingly they iffue out their Orders to e. •very Parifti, whereupon one of the Inhabitants being chofen Col- kftor, he proportions every one's Quota •, and colledting the fame, returns it to the Generalities, and they again to the publick Excht- quer, Befides thefe, there are a vaft number of inferiour Courts for fmaller Matters, whether Civil or Criminal: And a great many pub- lick Officers, or Provojis^ Senefchals, Bailljfs^ as alfo Intendants de U JuftkCy Police, and Finance, 5cc. But our intended brevity will noc admit of a farther Relation. HItmtf.] The King of France, for Arms bears A^ure three Flower de Luces Or, two in chief, and one in bafe-, the Efcutcheon is env:- roned with the Collars of the Orders ot St. il//c^4e/ and the Holy GhojIA For, Creft, an Helmet Or, entirely open, thereon a Crown clos'd, after the manner of an Imperial Crown with eight inarched Rays, tope with a double Flower de Luce. The Supporters are, two Angels ha- bited as Levites -, the whole under a Favillion Royal, feme of Frmu lin'd Ermines, with thefe words, Ex omnibus Floribus ekgi mihi Lil\m\ Jjita neque laborant neque nent, URtli^iotl' ] The only Eflablifli'd Religion in France, is that of the Church of Rome-, for all the Decifions of the Council of Trent \n Matters of Faith are there receiv'd \ but thofe that relate to Poinc}| of Difcipline, and infringe the Rights of the Crown, with the Liber ties of the GaUican Church, are rejefted. The i'roteffants (com nionly call'd Huguenots) were formerly allow'd the publick profelTi on of f/Wr Religion by feveral Edifts granted by the French Kings ^ particularly that of li antes. An. 1598. by Henry IV. and confirm'dj by all his SuccefTors ever flnce. But the prefent King, by his De clarationot Otlober 1685. abolifh'd the faid Edift, and inhibited th Excrcifc of the Reform'd Religion, enjoining the profefTion of thi |lff/i?^n, and that under the fevcreft Penalties. Whereupon follow Part 11. 1 Part 11. part 11. trance. loi the Deftruftion of their Churches, and a violent Pcrfecution which forced great Droves to leave the Kingdom, and feek for flielter in Foreign Countr' As to the Romanifts themfelves -, there are great Divifions amoHj, ciiem at prefent, notvvichdanding of their fo much boafted Unity : For befides the hot Difputes between the Molmfls and Janfemfts about Predeii'mathn and Grace (in which the pretend* cdhitallible Judge at Rome dares not interpofe hisDecifive Authori- ty for fear of difobliging one or the other Party) we find that the Scft of Qiikt'tfm has lately crept in among them j as appears from the late Book of the Archbiftiop of Cambray concerning the Internal Lifcy which has been cenfured by the Archbilhop of Paris, and the Eilhops of Meaux and Chanres, and complain'd of by the French King in his Letter to the Pope, and at laft condemn'd, tho' the Author profer'd to maintain his Doftrine before the Papal Chair ifpcrmitccd to go to Rome. The Chriflian Faith was firft planted in this Country by fome of St, Peter's Difciples ( as is moft probably thought) fcnt thither by him at his firfl coming to Rome, ' i.i- SECT. J':*! ,'r i w l:!:.: ^i m, ^ ^ '1 vn ' '^~' 1 V. « M^ f ^ .^-s. •\ .»/. «», ftu" I I i ^. .3rt util l^'f .41' L^^'l %'Mu i^^ >o (5 1 Vi u V '"i' .^^ XWt. )W iV Is «;♦' Vi |^^. Part II. 103 SECT. IV. h rbetvveen - \ Dctween K- Concerning (Secmaiip, d. m. Miles. Length is about 540 5 V^Ereadth is about $i« •^ North. Being divided into Three Clades, vtTi. > Middle. } South. The Circle o£ Belgium I 'The Circle of Weflphal'ia (The Circle of the Lower Saxony. The Circle of the 'L'p^e. Saxony, 'The Circle of the Lower Rhine. < H The Circle of the Vpper Rhine, The Circle of Franconia, r fAmfferdam \Byuxelles Munfler 'The Circle of Suabia, The Circle of Bavaria, The Circle of Au(\r\a, U4 It Hamburg _ Wittenburg — — ^i -< Heidelberg Francfort Nuremburg Augsburg '1 Munick - \J/ienn{t — Of all thefe in Order. r} ■ i #^: :•! li' ^'! S. I. Bf .1(1 • "M 104 Germany. 5. I. The Circle ^/Belgium. Part iIPsJ'^ W- The Chie Ipropcrly fo l[.^ciTi, by m Divided into|North, vj^, mlU-^d ^ "> ,^j ^ 'Xo^s:i^i^^'rd,rr.m'^doxc, ^' " LSoutii* 'viK.* Flanders — J iBruxelles, 1 Holland contains fcven Provinces, / Holland properly foTi \ caird 4 towards J Zeland the South ^Vtrecht Jzutphen^ L ofC?e/ and a part ^ i^ . G elder land. 3 towards rOver.IJfel the iVar//j < Frkflani - Amflerdam. Middleburghi Idem. Zutphen^ Deventer. Lewarden. Idem. Flanders contains Ten Provinces. r G elder land r^ Dutchies^ Brabant ^ Luxembourge ^Llmboiirge -— Flanders ^Toipcrlyio ;] \ call'd ^'^4 Counties^ i4) /?// Namur ■ The Marquifate of the Empire 1 VThe Scignory of Malines, cGelders, Bruxellesw Idem. Idem. a o I h> jBru£es. "X Arras, Mons, Idem. Antwerp. Idem, Hollcff (South arc iWh are part 11. Germany, 105 fhe Chief of thcfc Seventeen Provinces being Holland and Flanders properly fo called, with Brabant -, we (hall more particularly confider Lm by mentioning the mod remarkable Towns in each of them« ,;^,(ni, by mentioning vrefore, rsoHth. HolUnd properly fo called, being divided into< X^North. rGoree in the Ifland Goree, JBr/W I Rotterdam ■ — I Dort (South arc -< Gorcum Heufden I Hague *[^Leyden -1 •)!« t Nigh unto, or upon the IHdTie from W, to E. In the Wefteon-parK from S. W. to N. mh are '^ 'Amflerdam upon the Channel Amftel, Miman J ffomS.toN. Encbuyfen Hoorn '^Upon the Zuyder'X.ee. or South-Sci, from N. to S. Edam Moneckedam Muyden Nasrden » L' i^M 11' t* f ■4!f « " flarder$ io5 Germ any. Pa^t II. I p^rt ir. flandersjpro^CTly fo call'd, being divided into<^ ^DendermonJc I Alhoji INinoven • Gramont ' 'i Ghent I Oudenard r r£<«/? arc ^ toitmay « 5f. Am.ind 01 i2< Dovoay Courtray — Armentiers — f Graveling Dunkirk Neuport Oflend — , V.lfUpon the Denier from W. to £. found from W. to E. jHdoJgrenhoui 12 Miles S. E, of Louvain. Gemblo' rs . ^ Gernt^e » > found from E. to W* ^'^Mielle J §. '2. The Circle of Wcdphilh. .., . rNorth-Eafi,hct\W€cntheWeferandElm ^h COfnaburg, ; < Middle between the Eim and the Rhine S^ \ Munftcr, '^^ C Soitth'WeJ},het\wxhe Rhine and Cir, Belg.J u {^Liege. hmh-Eaft More p.irticularly, C Oldenburg "^ fThe Coun- ^ Hoya — 7 ty of "^ Dicpholt-J " (^Schomberg — The Principal . of Afinden, compre- . t-, ^ C^mbdcn 01 "^ v^ lends ^ ThcCoun. \ ^ p,:;,,,„^} ^^ The Bifliopoi Ofnaburg — Tiie Conn, f Tecklenburg ^ ry of \RuveHibnrg j '"Idem ^ « fldcm ^'^ irdem Idem I Idem - Emden I 7 Idem ^ Nigh unto, or Idem / upon the I Idem y Elm, from ^.IdemJ N. coS. E. Middlf 1 '«r' ''II .-•? i. :'f 1: 1 ,1 ■ ^c8 Germany, I^The County of Bcnthem The Bilhoprick of Munfter- ^ The County of Lip compre- ^ The Bilhoprick of Paderborne ^ ^ hends j The Dutchy of fVe lip ball a-^ o [ThcCouncyof |^-fz>| Southmft rThc SucccfTion oilCleves^ compre.,,^ the Dutchies of^fuHefs- L hends (,The Bifhoprick of Liege Part IF. I Part II ridem-\ Idem ( from N. \v. Idem^ toS.E. IdemJ Arensberg ^ from ^ Ham ^. E. to Duffeldorpj W. Clcves 7 . . - Julicrsi^ '° ^' 'i^Liege W.of 7«/,>y;| ff. 3. The Circle of Lower Saxony. CNortb Divided into^ Mddle =} CHAmhwi: Chief To\vn< Lunenburg l^Magdehni, More particularly. f. the D. of Holiiein rDttmArfl)^ '^, compreO Holjldn prop. hending^ Stormar'nt — the D. of (jVagerland— ' Laxvenburg ■ Mecklenburg . ■ ■■ ^— .Tf/\/ii/e r Bremen — - — the D.< i^^'i.'n of {^Lunenburg — •— f flilderflieitn^ a Biflioprick , ) Brunfwicl\ a Dutchy—-. S3«r^ V ffatberjiat, a I'rincipahty (^ .Mdgdcburg^ an Archbilli. . o f Me! dorp- Kiel V u t Lubeck - are thofe ^ Lawenbur^ of JlVifmar — Bremen — ^|^.re^thof.^S {^Lunenburg ^ Fs that of f/ilderflje'im Brunfppick & Wolfenbuttel Is that ot halberflat ,Is that of Magdeburg — . Brthcon i tilns the Befides th k Chief Town< More particularly, D. of Saxony y properly (South con- 3 ^o call'd tains the i Marq. oiMifnta Landtgr. of Thur'ing Wittenhurgm Drefden >. toS. i North con- i tims the Erfurt, Wcftward. Stendal'^ Berlin b^Berlin Guftrin J Cam'in 7 „^ . Befides thefe, are many little Princes of the Houfe of ^^xow; fcattcr- jed up and down (or nigh unto) the Landtgrave of Thurm, particularly tliefe tollowing ; The Princip. of Anhalt, rWeimctr^ I The D. of<^ Gothct l^Eifenac ■■ rSchwartsberg I The E. of< Beichtingen — {^Mansfield The BiHiaprick of Hall [South to Magdeburg] Ch.Town ISernburg ^ ridem, 13 Miles E. . I I Idem, 14 Miles W. 1 o I Idem, 26 Miles W. >]2 < Wem, 24 Miles S. . 1 *i I Idem, 20 Miles N. E. •Is Idem, $$M. S.W. J Lldem, 56 M. S. W. »of Erfurcf of Witten- burg. H'h '1 i •w.sl I 9 §. 5.77n iC t; m\ no Germany, Part III Par^" ^. 5c The Circle of the Lower Rhine. Divided into ^Fi^^ "" efl More particularly, Bifhoprick of Cologne — The Palat. of the Rhine. Arrhbilho- C Triers prick of \ Mentr^ ^ Biliioprick of Worms — ^ I D. of Simmer en ' Rbinegrave — «f. o ^ yV/ewr/ o I— « U Counties J Sponheim — of 1 VedcntT^ — y^Leyningen^, W"e between {/««^^^. He'dclberg upon the Keeker. Idem upon the Myfel e. Idem upon the Rhine. J Idem upon the /5/j/«e. Idem 3(^ m. W. of Afentz. Kirn ii m. S. of Sim merer.. Idem 18. m.S.E.ofC/e^ejinUVI CveutT^nach 2o.m.S. W. oiMav Idem 17 m. N. E. of Triers. !^Idem 12. m. S. W. of Iforw;. Divided into §. 6. Ke Circle of the Upper Rhine. North IchiefTownl^^-f^'; South or/, More particularly, C o 'J f D. oi ZneyhrHcky or De;/:c^. Landtgr. 5 ^eje C^jje/ ^ of J Darmflat , Territories of Francfort rVaUeck ( Solms Counties of I Ifenburg _ '1 CatT^enelbogen I Hanaw [^Erpach j o Idem, 44. m. ah W. of Worms. Cajfcl farther North. Idem bet w. the Rhine znd Mm Idem upon the Maine, Idem 7 from N. to S. on the W.c Idem 5 the Landgr» Hejfe Cajji. Idem*^ {^^"'C from W. to S. E. oni^i Idemf ^^"^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^'■'^'"^' Idem, .^' 7' A part .II: Germat?j. S. 7. The Cicle of Franconia. Ill Divided into ^^^^^j^ ; J Chief Town J ^«;^^^^^^^^^^ More particularly, The Terrif. of Nurenbarg "j ^ ■ Idem on a branch of the Maine, ^Onfpach / ^ vidcm, 33 m. W. of Nurenburg. |CMarq.of ^c«/'n6^c)^-,Vi2 ^Idcm-} ? J (Bamberg — jT "tJ Vdem Sfrom E. to W. 2 JBiOiopr.of^ Wartsburg-. V^ ^ IdemJ :i C lAichftat '^ ^ Idem, 34. m. S. of AT; Nurenburg, Befides thefe are The State of the great MaRer of the Teutonjck Order, chief Town MAtgentheim^ 57 Miles W. oi Nurenburg, As alfo feveral Counties, but chiefly thofe of Reined^ Werthe'm Molach Yafen'm Schvoar UJkl txenberg'^B / f I \ldem Mrom N. \ H Joringen J this ( . to S. in the W. pare of Circle. Idem 12 m, "w. of the Biihoprick of Aichftaf, Idem 51 m. N. W. of Nurenburg, Idem 23 m. S. W , o( Bamberg, '■ ^ '■! ^iM 14 ff. 8. 7^c it' I Ila Germd ftf. Pa« Illpart 11. §. 8. T&e Circle of Suabia. Divided into { Eaft. Weft. S LSPugurt, t«/Iorc particularly. ' ''D. of WhUnhurg -1 I Biniopr. of 1^^^,^,,^ _ Marq. of < Burgaw — {^Ortnayv — Prmc. of \ff,i^^,iJ^ rotting Count, of < Reckbery — fWalburg — Baroa of < Limpurg -^ Abbacy of Kempton'^"^^^ arc o {5'^«^dr^ \Nighoruponti,c| TubingenS Nectar, Idem upon the Lake Conflance, Idem upon the Lech. Idem 98 m. W. from Stngurt, Idem 10 ni. W. from Ausbux!,, Ojfenburg 20 m.S. from B^.^tB. . Idem 7,6 m.N.W. fromCon/?4/icJ Idem ii m S. from Tubingen. I idem g8 m. N. W.from i4«jittrj Gemund 43 m. W. from Otting, Idem 18 m. N. fromC9n/?4ncf. , id. or Wald/ee, 50 m. N.E. fr.Coni' j Idem 37 ni. W. from Ottit^g, Idem 28 m. S. E. from Stugitrl , Bahenhaufen 30m S. W. fr. Auiil Idem 3C m. W. from Ausburg, Jdcm $0 m. S. W. from .4«iiiFrom E.to VV. \Coimar ("Strasbutgu Lower contains the Towns of.^ Nu^cr^iw {^^akcrn^ Wcfhvard } S. to N. ^. 9. Vy. Gtrmany. %. 9. The Circle of Bavaria. 113 Divided lato^g^^^j^ ^ \^^'^^ ^'^''^^XMmkb QiMmchen. More particularly, KoYth contains NortgorPf or the Palatinate of Bavarta^ ^Landtgr. of Leuchenherg IComprchcnding jrcmtor.oi ^^j^berg^ y Abbacy of [Valthaufen — ( County of Chambe — Idem ^N. to S. W. Idcm^ Idem"! N. to S. IdemJ "thcon, f ^'^"^ Ek(^. f Higher^ Southw.^ H C Munich or Afunchen. ■" '< of Bavaria I Lnwer^ Northw. s ^^ Ratkb, or Regensp, ^^'"^ (,Arch-Birtioprick of Salt^bHrg J 5 l.Wc"'# Southward. Eefides thefe are fevcral other Dominions, as particularly [The Dutchy of Newburg, [ Chief Town, Idem ] 10 Miles S. of the \ Biflioprick of Aichftat in tranconia, [The Bifiiopr. of \^freifw^en J o V^^^ lom.N.of Mi^.nicfj. miii 114 Germaffy. S*. 10. The Circle of kxx^ixlz. Divided into|t;"r' Eaftvyard -^ chief Town [ ,^''^"''^' X^Highcr^ Well ward' j ]^Inf}>rkci; More particularly, I ("Arch D. of Aujhia |^'" "^ •^';'.'' ■'"' l'^'''"'"'- 'i''''^f <" ' n \ -^ (^Weft LfntT^ J whole. ^ J / c*- • fhigher, W. Judenburgl ^ , , ^r/ ^.< V,^""" ilower,E. | a«f ^-l } ^''''"'''^^ S /'S J^ • ,;• Thiehcr.V.' ,0 Willach — ) ^, , v. Tliefe C. Ders; eacl [cliieFTov ft'duccd to {Wcjl o I r- -f Thiehcr, N. .y ' Laubach — ? , t t iY/^^fj' con- CCountv of 7)^•o/ — tains the ^Bilhour. of Brixenj InfpYUck- ^^Idem — :}« "rom N. to S. Eefides thefc arc fome other petty Sovereignties, cfpccially the two following j ^u i^ r^OoYit'Lt — 7 • ^ •/ r4oMiIcsW.7 J. ^ I The D. of|^;/^^^ f'" '^'»""''' 1 56 Miles E. ^"f^-""*^] Under this Circle is ordinarily comprehended Bo/;^/^/^/, containing The K. of B->heniht^ prop, fo r.tird"^. f Prague — > fhij^licr, Northward — j F: I 50MWV— *) , '? lower. Southward ~- ' o J P.intT^rn ]*'*"'K^" C [•-.aflrni ■ — ' ^ ' ^ Wc'r- rn D.of«;<-/Mlj'*s!KT Sou.Iuva.a (^ lower, Northward lMj\itht / U I I ^£7/? cor [;.) The chii lederatcs ( Sw'itxers a| \) Thechi leftures o Sw'it^ers a To the (;er; K it bein^ ren we com Afror rfic rr- Circles ol" r»(?rw./«v followctli ,<5'wvV^tY/,/w/, compn J tliiig 15 Ca.iron>, with levcral Contcderatc Cities and rrclctturt!. ( I.) Tlie Thirteen Cantons arc thofc of /TW)7<(', .S'nl^r, Gfarisy Solr>tJmn, tkrn^ VnAC>n\ilJi H.t/il, 'Sch.ifh.tufciif jMicrUy ^lig^ yr'tbi'r^^ /p}'Cir(cl, II art ! icm.t. f of ti rr-, u . toS. :ially tlid I Part II. Germany. 115 Thefe Cantons are fee down according tc their Votes in the general ipersi each of them hath a capital City of its own Name except 'L'r/ ^hieWown i4/ror/) and 'L'/i^trrw^/^ (chief Tossii Stant ) and arc Lduccd to three Clallcs. ^Wejl comprehending J Solotburn ^ Bern ;] from N. to S. i^< rSchttfhaufen--:^ Zurich^ j Zug . Middle comprehending -< Lucern ^from N.toS. I Vnderwald ^Eafl comprehending {oulh^ ' i from N. to S. :,) The chief Con. CGrifons^ ch. T, Co'irey ^ . fCounty of TtroU iederates of the< > ; < if l4«6 J Swltxsfs are the (^City of Geneva r the I Lake of Geneva, )ntainingj,) The chief Pre- /" Baden tenures of the ) Bremgarten— > on the ^witTSYs arc ^ MelUngen K^Sargans N. orthe Grifons. — '^ \onthc|^^^j.of Zurich, To the German Empire we might here annex the Kingdom of //un- W it being now almoft intirely under the Emperour 3 but of 13 1 we come to Tio'ky in Enropc, comprc cthirc^. I/. '■ m THIS u6 Gerntdny, THIS great Body being divided ( js aforcfaid ) into Ten C/rJ des'^ and the firfl ol' thefe (viz. Belgium or the Net her Unds being moft oblervable upon (everal accounts, we fhall take a particJ Jar view of the fame, as it confifts of Holland and Flanders^ and thj treat of all the rell conjuntUyj under the General Title of VppcrQ.^\ WAny. Therefore, .5. I. OfHOLLANLD. ^tnc* 3 TjOUand [ of old Batav'ra or part of ancient Bel^k tl and n ;w bounded on the Eafl by Upper Geymnji on the Weft, and North, by part of the German Ocean j and on ti South, by Flanders ] is tcrm'd by the Italians and Spaniards, HoUnL by the French, Hollande ^ by the Germans and Englifh, H^lUi fo call'd fas many imagine) from Hoi and Land, two Teutonic wor fignifying a low or hollow fort of Land : But others chufe rather derive the Name from Oeland ( an Ifland in the Baltkk Sea ) wh Inhabitants, being great Pirates, and frequently ranging thefe Se, at lafl did feizc upon, and fettle themfelves in this pare of the Com ncnr. afir. ] The Air of this Country is generally thick and moid, rcafoa of the frequent Foj^s which arifc trom the rhany Lakes a Canals with which this Country abounds. And to this Moifiri of the Air it is, that we may impute the Caufc oi the frequcncv Agues, to vvhirh the Inhabitants arc lb fubjcft. The oppofice P of the Globe to Holland is that part of the vaft Pacifick Ocean, tween 205 and 210 Degrees ot Longitude, with 31 and 54. Degrees] South Latitude. 4^0U' 1 "^i^is Country lyin^ very low, and in the Tenth North 1 mate J its Soil \s naturally wet and fenny, but the induflrious Iniial tants do fo drain it by .1 vail Multitude of Artificial Canals, thjci Ground is made very (it both for Pafture and Tillage, eipecially former, they imploying the grcarcft part of their Land in Grazing Herds of Kinc. The Length of the Days and Nights is the famel in England, !South of the HumhcY* Cotnmo'DltiCO' ] Akliouj^h the fofnmaditiet of this Count! proceeding fronrirs natural Growrh, (may Ari^fly fpeaking) reckon d only Hntter and Chc^^c, yet by reafott of the nimy ufd ManufaiUires which this People em ouragc at home, ( the v Materi.ilf. of w'lirh 4re bronglii from other Nations) and t!iJt wJ dd )art n* Germany, 117 Lfjl Trade which they manage abroad in mofi Parts of the known Ivorld, we nvjy reckon it as a Publick Warehaalc ot the nchefl and [.ft Commodities of all Nations. iSsrlticfll The chief Remarkables in /fo/Z^ni arc thefc fo lowing, ff. (i.) Tlie vaft Multitude of Artificial Sluces and Canals ^ beii.g Work of prodigious Expence and great Convenience both r Traffick and Travelling. (2.) The firft Book that ever was jpnted in Europe, to wit, a Copy of Tully's Offices carefully pre- >rvd, and now to be leen at Harlem^ where that ufeful Ar^6f Prin- g was at firft invented, or at leaft improv'd. (^.) The Curms %nttim (efpecially t}3at call'd the Bafin oi Venus ) and the two great ■mdis or Water-falls in the pleafant Gardens belonging to Loo, g The braien Font in St. Peters Church in Zutihen^ Remarkable for i admirable Workmanfhip. (5.) The two brazen D'if}}es in the Vil* ^toi Lofdun^ in which were Baptiz'd ( Anno 1216.) by Don W'tU'tam, iuifragan Biftiop of Treves, ^6$ Children, [ whereof 182 wcrefaid to leMales, and as many Females, and the odd one an Hermaphrodite 1 lilbofH at one Birth by the Countefs ot Henneherg^ Daughter to Flo- xt the IV. Earl of Holland, One of which Children ( at Icafl an i)ortivc given out for one of them, the whole Matter of Faft being jid in queftion ) is to be fccn in the Afufxum Rectum at Copcn- \i;cn. {6.) The Remarkable Stone Qiutr^ near Maeftticht, which ks like a vaft Subterraneous Palace, it reaching under a large I, fupported by feme Thoufands ol fquare Pillars [ commonly 10 Foot high, ] between which are fpatious Walks, and many private mrements ot great Ufe in time of War, they fcrvingasa furc Rc- ge to the neighbouring Country People, who touimonly reforc [her with their Goods when alarm'd by an approaching Enemy. ,) The /loow where the Synod oi l):irt wis held /1/mo 161 9. with k Seats as they then flood, is (hewn to Strangers as another Curio- ty of this Country, (d.) The Stadt f/oufe ot Amjlerdam is fuch a tc!y Edifice, founded upon fomc Thoufands of large Piles drove :othe Ground, that the fame dctcrvcs the particular View of every nous Traveller. I :.) The Brazen Statue of the famous Defid. Erafmus in the City of iUchiam is likewife obfcrvable, with the little obfcure Houfe where jt great and eminent Man was born-, which is lignify'd to Strangers aDiftich over its Door in Lathy Dutch and Spanjh. Laftly, among e principal i?:ies are fo vaflly numerous, that a bare Catalogue of them iT.akes a compleac Volume in Folio. (7.) Ac Ment^^ is a Modern Cu- I'iofity which is carefully kept, and onur.only (hewn to Strangers v'l^. a LeafofF/irchmcnt, on which arc fairly written twelve differentVorts of Hands, with variety of Miniatures and Draughts, curioufly done with i Pen, and that by one Thomas Schuviker^ who was born without Hands, and perform'd the lame with his Feet. As for the faninus Tun of Heidelburg (being 31 Foot long and 21 high, before 'twas de- ftroy*d by the French in the late War ) the fame was fo well known that I fhould hardly have faid any thing of it. Lajily^ To thele Remark^ ables in Germany we may here add the D ominic arts -Chz^cl in the City of Bertii tho' belonging to Sw trerland^ in which is ftill to be fcen an Artificial /fo/e, or a narrow Fafiage between that Chapel and one 01 the Domimans Cells, which Me is ftill fbown to Strangers, as a laft. ing Monument of one of the greateft ChfaPs that was ever yetdifcover- cd in the Church of Rome: I mean that notorious pretended Miracle which the Dom'mkans impos d upon the World, towards th«? beginning of the 1 5 Century, to confirm their part of that Controverfie which w?5 hotly toffed between them and the franc'ifcans concerning the Im. maculate Conception of the BleiTed Virgin. The paffage is fo well known that I ftiould hardly defccnd to Tarticulars, even fuppofirg this were 3 proper place for fuch a Narrative. 31rcI)W(I)o»?lCfejff. ] Archbilhopricks in this Country are thofc of MentT^f Saltxl ^^n. Triers^ Be.nen, Cologn, } '/ague • Magdeburg, IBifbop^iCfejy. ] Bidiopricks in this Country arc thofc of iMetT^^ Brandenburg^ Paderborn, Er'ixen^ Touly //avelbergf Confiance, Gurk, Verduiif Spire, I{alberj}ad% Vknna, Lkge, Worms, Pamberg, I^ewftadt^ Atuni^er^ Strasburg, h'reifengheny Lubeck, Mindeny Wurtxpurg^ Ratisbon, KatT^burt,, Ofnaburgj Akhflat^ FajfatP, Schewe'mn^ Me'ijfen, Vaden, Chiemfe^ Olmutx^ Maesburg, Ghur, Seckaw^ Leutmeritx., Naumburg, HViejhe'im^ lavaiif. K oninifgrati cttnl-'l Part II. G crmany. 127 i. '^m {BnltcrfiHcfl" ] Univerfities in tliis Country are tliof;^ of Culogn^ T'iers, Bidelbcrg, Erfurt, Frihkrgy Jngoldatj Tubingen, Rofl ck, Wittenbcrgy Fravcfort on Oder, Mar pur g, Strasburg, Gipfrvald, lydl'inghcriy Jcua^ Lewetigbcn, Heimfl,td^, Sigen, Va/erborn, Altorfe, Olmut\, Kiel, Grat^, ^anner0.] The Hii'h Germans arc generally reputed a very folid andhonelt fort ot' People. The trading; part ot 'em are found to be cxtreamiy fair in their D alings, and ambitious to keep up the fo much renowned Sincerity of their Worefathers. Thofe who betake themfcjves cither to Mars or Minerva ( clpccially the former ) prove commonly very worthy Difciples This I'eople hath likewile a mighty GcnijjjL- for Mechanical fort of Learnings and feveral cf themsK ^ ^n ^ n^ iov fome fingular Inventions, particularly that of i^^cf^sri) Intirumcntthe C»«, accidentally difcovtrcd by one i^at^-^hins Siv.irt a Frier, when making a Chymical Experimef?f \Tith a Crucible fee over the hire, ha- ving L It-pctre and Sulphur, and other fuch-like Ingredients, intcrmiKt, They arc alfo faid to have found out that mo(\ ufelul Art of Frinting:, hnhc //oil angers do eagerly deny them the honour of f/;.zr Invention, afcribing the fame to one Laurence Cofter of f/nlem-, and upon i\r\t[ [enquiry, it appears that the Germans had indeed the firll hint of this Arc from //olland-, and that they only improv'd and perfected the fame jat MentT^, The moll noted of the many Mechanical Operations of this People of late, is that curious Watch of the Emperor Ch-vles the Fifth, fet in the Jewel of his Ring ; as alfo that Clock ot the h\\et\(jr of S^x. m, fixtin the Pommel of h's Saddle. As for \ he Iron Fly and jv/oodcn Eagle of Rcg'iomontanus^ they are fo well known, that it's fu- ll crtluous even to name tliem^ only tins i may add, that the firfl Inven- tior.and Contrivance ot rhd latter ( r'lo' commanly attributed to Ilegi' \mmtanus ds well a^ rlie former; ,5 deny 'i hirh by A.Gellius^ wlio hunbts tfic honour o^ that curious piece of Mechanifm tothc Ingenuity \^i Arch)tai» language, j The I anguage here us'd is that call'd the High Dutch 3 Language very Ancient, Jifi6 generally efleem'd both Noble and Manly in the Pronunciation , more becoming a General than a Courti- er. None of the Weftcrn faropean Tongues hath Icfs Affinity with the Urin than it has. The Maternal Languages of feveral Kingdoms and different States in Europe, are Originally from the German. It's nov« divided into a great many Diale^fs, very different from one another: K 4 The ;! 'IfI : H 128 Germany. Part II. The purefl of which is generally efteein'd thxt fpokenof in Mifn'u.Pitir Noficr in the High German runs thus : Viifcr l^atter der du bij} in bimmil I geheyliget we^de deinNahim. Zukomm uns deinRUch ; dcin wille gi(ck\\i\ uferden, wieim bimmel. Vnfer tczglich brodt g'lbbuns heut : und vergebut}! unf>'r fchuldty a!s rvir vergoben iinfem fchiiLl'Kern und fuchr uns wcht in\ Veriuchung •, fonder erUfe uns vom ubd. Amen, dPotJCrnment ] This great Body comprehends above three hundred! different Sovc.eignries, but all (or moftof them) are Homagers to ont I Head, own d as Suprcam ^ vii:. TIic Emperor oi Germany. TheEm^ pire is cicftive and Govcrn'd by Dyets, almoft like the General Eftates of Fiarce Tiieftanding Law of the Kmpire ( whicii bindeth all the feveral vScates as the various mcmbersoi' one Body ) is t\\cCivil ox h- ma.n^ mix'd with tl;c Cinin; to which add the ancient Cuftoms of tlic| Germarr^ and the various Statutes of the Dyets made from time to time, The feveral States luive their peculiar Laws obligatory with'.n rheni- fci'ves. The whole Kmpire being divided into Ten Circles, eachotl *em ( excepting Belgium^ or the Circle of Burgundy^ which now is aj. low'd '^ Vore in the Dyet ) hath one or more Dirc^ors who prefideat their Alfemblies; vit^. ¥or Wel}phaHa^ the Bifhopof Munfter indDuk] ot A/t'n'Ae^'^g are Dire^ors. VorLoia^crSaxfinyzrcthcMarqucfsoi Bnn- denburg ( now King of prujia ) and Duke of Brunfw cl^ by turns. Fori Vf'per S.,xony is the Eleftor of Saxwv late King of Poland, For the Lower Rhine is the Archbifhopof /»/!?«rr. For the Vpper Rhine are the Eleftor Fdlatne and Biihop of H'nrms, For Franconia, are the Billiop of Bawbergy and Marquefs cf Culemback. Vox Six'abia^ are the Duke of Wirtemberg^ and BiOiop of Co'i}ance. For Bavaria^ are the Elcftor] of Bavaria, and Archbifliopof Saltrburg. And \dLii\y Auilria^ it s Di- redor is the Arch Duke of Auftria^ or his Imperial Maiefly. Two orl three Circles may meet when one of them is attack'd from without, or| in any Confufion within. The General Dvets confift of three Bodies, ▼iz. Efecforut princer^ other Pr;nces^ and I 'nperijl Cities. But more par- ti ularly; In this great Body wc may rcdu-.c all Soveraigntics to rhefc| FivCj namely, 1 he Fmpcynur^ The FccIefiafticX- Princes^ The Elecforj, The Secular i'rincesy The Fret: Cities. I. The Em^er'iur^ who C being of the Houfe of Auflria ) doth i\jiv:^ three forts of Dominion, i^/r. that of >•/*« as Hereditary -^ B^hem as his Ki{»,ht •, and Hingayy by F.Iet'fion. In his Life time he raufah his own Son or Brother, or ( failing of chcfe) one cf his ncareO Knf- men to be Crowned King of H'AhgAry^ afterwards King of Bobcru; and then ( if the Elf-e^ors arc willing ) he is Chofcn King of rhe ^ mats., whereby Jic is iJucccfTor rrcfumptive to the F.nipirc. T'fl rower Part 11. Germany. 129 Port'cr of the Emperour is much im|[)air'd by levcral Capitulations be' twixt him and the Princes of the Empirf:. It's true, that only he can confer Honours, create Princes, affranchifc Cities, inflitute Univerli- ties, and fuch like: Yet as to the Lcgiflative Power, and that of Levy- ing Taxes upon the whole Empire, that is wholly lodg'd in the Gene- ral Dyec conjunftly with him, and by a late Capitulation, he is not to enter into Alliance, or make War with any Foreign Prince without Confenc of the Electors. However, if we confider only his own Here- di ary Dominions, he is a Powerful Prince \ and to fupport the Gran- Ideur 01 the Imperial Dignity, he is ferved by the greateft Princes of the Empire j is addredcd unto by the Auguft Title of Cje/<e, give place to jihofc fent by him, at what Foreign Court foevcr it be. li. Ele^orfy who are now Nine in Number, vix_, thefc following : I'r.) The Archbilhop of Mayence^ who is Great Chancellor of the tiiipire in (/t?r/w4«y 1 fits on the Empcrour's Right-hand in the Dyer, (anHd'd formerly Crown the King of Bohemia. (2.) The Archbimop Tr s or Treves^ who is Great Chancellor of the Empire in France-^ duns the firft Vote in Elefting the Emperour •, and fits over-againfl |liimii the Dyet» ^g.) The Archbifhop of C«/o^n, who is Great Chan- cellor of the Empire in Italy, claims the firfl Vote in chufing the ving of the Romans \ fets the Crown on his Head^ and fits next the Emperour. (4 ) The King of Bohemia (who hath only a Seat in the :ehon ) is Cupbearer, and in the publick Proceffion, walks next the Emperour or King of the Romans, (5.) The Duke o( Bavaria, who fs Greic Steward ; and in time of the publick Proceffion, carrieth the jlobc before the Emperour. (5 ) The Duke of Saxony, who is Great Ijrihai of the Empire ; and at the publick Proceffion carrieth the baked Sword before the Emperour. (7.) The Marquefs of Bran- p^'ur^.^ f now King of Pm^ix ) who is Great Chamberlain, and at the nblick Vroceffion, carrieth the Scepter before the Emperour, (8.) The [rinre Palatine of the Rhine, who is Great Treafurcr-, and in the Pro- rfion at Coronations, f actereth Medals among the People. (9.} The ^inch Eleftor is Ertielhis Augullns Duke of Brunfwick^ Lunenburg, Hano- k who was added to the Elcftoral College in the Year 1595. Thefc rnnres have much greater Authority, and enjoy more ample Privi. p than the other Frinces of the Empire. To them belongcth not K a Right of F.Ieding the Emperour and King of the Romans ( as jtofcfaid ) butalfo fome allow them even a Depoling Power. When Jc Emperour calls a Dyer, he is obliged to ask their advice •, and du. pnan Intcrreign, two of them ( vit^, the Elcftors of Saxony and Ba^ m ) have Power to govern the Empire ; the jurifdirtion of the [rnicr extending over the Northern, and th^it of tl>c other over the phcrn Circles of the Empire. I t-n m *1! '1 ''m 'I' I •I' H iC'^Tfl a ! ^30 Germany. Part flJ IIF. Ecclefuflick PYiHces who (bcfidesthe firfl three Eie(^ors)ard chiefly thefc following, 1//^. Archbifhop of Saltthurg [ Great MafteJ of the Teutonkk Order ] the Bifliops of Lieg e, Munfler^ Spire, Woms] WuYt:^btirg, Strasburg^ Ofnahnrg, Bmberg, Paderborn, &c. and many Abbots and AbbefTcs who are AbCoIute over the Temporality of theii Benefices 5 The Eleftion to their various Dignities belong*^ wholly td their feveral Chapters, and they govern the People in lubjeO.on ta them as Sovereign Princes, without any cognizance of a highe Power. IV, Secular Princes^ who are chiefly the Dukes of Lunenburg, W{r\ tembiirg, Mecklenburg, Sax laHenbuyg,6cc, Marquefiof Baden, a/evjj tach, &c. The Landgrave of Hefsy Princes of Eafl-Prkxjand, A/^jfaa Anhalt, &c. Counts of Solms, Avers burg, &c, and many other Duke Marqueffes and Landgraves t, as alfo fome Karis and Barons who cxercii| a Sovercigu Power over thofe irt their own Dominions. V. Ptree Cities, wliich are either Imperial or Hans Tov^nt. Impcri Cities are thofe who bear th^ Eagle of the Empire in their Arms, am have right to fend their Deputies to the Dyet uf the Empire. Hm 79wns are thofe, which, about the End of the 13th Century, ..itrcl into a firm League of mutually affifling one another in • ime of Dl llrefs; as alfo in carrying on fuch a Kegular Commerce as might unf verfally tend to their advantage, and the publickgood of th' Empir^ "Which Society e ncrtafed to the Number of eigh'-y Cities, who en ;oy'd great Privileges, rtnd exercis'd a peculiar Jurifdittion amon themfclves. For the bcrtcr Adminiflration of which, they were dl vided into four Circles, diftinguiflrd by the Names of lour principj Cities, in which were citablifh'd their Courts of Judicature^ vi7(^. Lubec\ Cologtty Brupfivick, TiwAD ant tick. But this Society hath been on t!i declining hand almoft two hundred Years, and is now become very ij confiderable ? Chief Courts in Germany for hearing and determining the Grcl Caufes of the Empire, are two, v)X' The Imperial Chamber^ and Cki her ai Vienna, (I.) The Imperial Chamber ( confiflng of fifty Judgd ralfd Affejfors, whereof the Emperour appointcth the Prelideiit, d four of the Principal Officers-, each of the Eleiftors chufing Onj and the rcfl being nominated by the other Princes and States of til Empire ) whofe bufmefs is to determine all Difpurcs which arife froj time to time between the Princes j as alfo other Caufes brought thithj by Appeal from Interior Courts. The Seat of this judicature wa^ to merly at Spires^ but now at Wetflar in Heffe, (k.) Tht Chambit \ Vienna^ whofe Office ic is alfo to decide all Caufes brouf^ht to it! Appeals from Fnferifjr Courts, and claims the fanrie Authority wirh tj Chamber of Spires* The Scat of this Court is the Emperors Palace, aj cither he himfelf, or his Deputy firs as Chief, being affifled bv a coj petenc number of Judges, whereof feveral are Profcllors ol" tbc rj 5rs)arc t Maftcj WdmA id man^ of theij holly tq irti , an Iccnt Common-wealth, govern'd in like manner as the Sxvit^ers, III the /* ilies of the Swfitiers, there's none more Potent than le. Thev f^ntred firft into a League one with another. Anno i^yi, laftcrwards vikh the Smt^ers in 1491. Their Country lies a- \l ^nacccffiblc Mountains, and hideous Precipices, and they di. vide ■ m 1^2 Germanf. vide thcmfelvcs into fix Parts, v'it^. The Grey League. TJie u^ of the Houfc of God. The League oi the fen Jurifdu^hns, ji Valteline, And laftly. The Countries of Chiavana and Bormio.' Sc believe they deriv'd the Title of Grifons from the Cuitoni of wearil Grey Scarfs^ when firft they entred into che League togecher. (1 Prefe^ures of the Switxers^ particularly thofe Countries and Cities Bdden and Sargans^ with many other Towns and Villages fituatcdnis unto, or among the Alps, W, Geneva being a Free Republi-k, is govern'd by its ownMI giflraces, and is in Confederacy wich th * Onri.r of Vn;-f:^er.M whom itrcfembles very much in tiie Conflitution -f itsGo^enmel The Sovereignty of the State is lodg'd in d Cr unr:; iA Two HundrJ out of which a lefler Council confiding o' - wenty t ive is ci: [J (both which being for Life, ferve for Checks one to another) J finally out of thefc Twenty Five, are eleried f ,ur Princ II. Uiiicei) V 'lom they call the 5>n^/c-fj-, who havr ^he fol'^ Manageir.cnc ofilj Common-wealth; except it be in lomcgreat Matrcr, as makiiij;! Peace or War; Offeniive or Defcnfivc Lea^iU'^s ; hearing Appeals an fueh like General Concerns, which ib the Buiincfs of the Great Cou) cil CO confidcr and determine. 2lrmflf-l The Emperour of Germary for Armor'id Knfignsh(izxi()m i^ i terly, i. Barwife, -.^r^^n^and Gates of cigHt P. the Lutheran^ Co/nrff Simamcd Didymus^ one I Twelve. V < ili ' ! :-' \ SECT. V I V ' 1 «t]^i J i Siw'j v«. it 4 <> \ ^ \^ I H! •; <■ i^ m 4t \-i b>ki» *•.«••* \ 1^, \Jatt CX' ^H !£>' f-^f^ 4M£g: \ 1 ^^.fiPf^AtHtAam'x :3£oscov^n (i: ^r^'iJiuftA . . , ■^*'\SJ\^>W/V !***'v*-.. ^livi^ 'V/ssA- 'r/i*^' ^^Sw^JTfiT^ TU^v^ ^^^it«:^l /.l.^. '/* rVS4'/t/U 4^ f.U ^if '-»«*' 4/oAtffi "Si v»« // V :#^?rJ& ;V:s.-A/ '<^ *C/Stf* ^ 4 fM^ '< i<««<* ■J'ttXei* '''.-fC t.di-^ Mt/J^\ tUMVU ' .^. •Xg^v n.-art: '' V/ Jy^Ui/a «»i ij^tur.J '"^A ■-» ^^ ^ — MQIJijC >fr. v^rim^y' »*'«/-«» rf^ %. ^. v^, IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT.3) 1.0 I.I :^ U£ 12.0 la 125 12.2 M .** '^'W*^^ '■ — - l'-"^ lllll'-^ ■^ 6" ► m /. Photographic Sciences Corporation .13 WS;.T MAIN STREET VV(»STBR,N.Y. M5I0 (/1>S) 872-4503 Part ir. I 1' ii Being div \bl} Clafs c preheflds im!e Chi comprchci M Clafs cc prehends raUtinac D.of J/* Territory Part II. 135 SECT. V. Concerning PoIauD* between {48 00 1 58 2oJ^ Miles. 4 ■ ' " t :■: / ( :^ j ^ 5^ iff •(between {^J ^^of Long. ")! C^^»g^'^ ^^ ^^°»^ 78o. Breadth is about ^00, CEaJf. Being divided into three ClalTes^ t//;^. < Middle, \weft. preheads < ^''* "'^ XjPQdolia, SCkrland — Samogttm — PoUquia — — Km Cminitck e o preheads \p,ii^^ p„p. Mittaw ^ Rofime u Idem -I- i ^ Of all thcfc in Order. S* I • LithHania^ a Dukedom* CTrokl - BraflaTi»en raU.in,tc of. j^g«;» C3 o fid em— Idem — Breflaw- Poloc^i Witespk^ Novogrodeck .-^ >^ ^ Idem— «. D.of j/w^/f MinskUri' '\^Mfc'tflawen /"-<"y«'ffi«;rj 4i « Minsk] Mfciflaw Idem— - Idem— — Jdcm-— W.toE. •W. to E. ;1 W.toE, •Southward. S I. (V 4 kP '■« r^tfi UBLI I «- ■# i 135 Poland. Part II, ^. 2. Volhwia, a Province. Contains C Palatinate of L«c*a, W.-) ^j^-^^ Town^ J^^"jlw. coE. the iTcrritoryof /Cwjtp, E. J ildcmj §.3. Podolia, a Province. Contains the Pala-f/C^m/ii/ec^-) chief Tovvnll^^^jlw. to E. tinate of XBracklaw J Uatmj §. 4. Curlandy a Dukedom. contains {^ifr±:}^'>'^f To.„{^«r i^.toE. §. 5. Samogitta^ a Dukedom. Contains the Tcrrit. of < ^//<^nrc*— >Chief Tovvn^ Idein>S. toN. \Schmndenj ^Idcm^ §. 6. Polaquiaf a Province. contains 'hcPa-^^gl;— Jchicf Town{«;^^}s. .oN. ^. 7. L/>//e 2Jftr/^if , a Province. ^ ^ rid em ■. , ") I ^']]^ Idem = mtci5. J 5 CWem, or Lwontj or Leopolis — J Jatinate of Containi the CChelm - Palatinatc< flf/^ — of {^Lcmberg 5*. 8. PrfiJJia^ a Dukedom, Diridcd rRo>4/, Weflward ^rhj^u t...«« J'^'^w^^'f*— 1 w ..« e into 1d/c./, Eartward J^^^^^T«^^"lK.wn^x^erg}^- ^°E. II -J. 9. im art II. I Part IT. Poland. ij7 ij 9* WarfovUy a Dukedom not divided. Its Chief Town is Warfgw, upon the WetJTeL . coE. E. '.toE. §10. Polomay properly fo call'd. -r»» M J '^^^J Lower. Northward. Divided mto-^i;^^^; Southward. Pfiia 1 Ksliskie DekriKtM \imf con- f Palat. o(]Plo^skein tains the i ^Siradis L^nticia Ravs CuJMVl^ Upper contains the Pa-C Luilm lacinate of ^Sandomiris \ iQrstw c o H >Z^ "Idem - Gmfna' Idem - PloczkQ- Idem - Idem - Idem - -W. to N. E. •> W. to E. XfUdiJlMV N. of Lanficia, Idem *— Sandomirz ON. to S. > the W •3 /'/. on i* . ^I. h to?. I«MM9>«««IM toE. 9. r^ lotfi and I ith North Climate^ are abundantly fcrtil, affordlngl many ibrts of Grain and I-ruits, not ofjiy enough for tlie InhabL^nts but alio to fupply the wants of their Neighbours. In the middle parq of this Kingdom are fome Mountains, and thofe well ftor'd withfcJ vera! Minev of Silver, Copper, Iron and Lead. The Provincc<; toj wards the Nortli .^nd North Eaft are vci y barren in Frui'ts and Corn] being full of Woods, Lakes and Rivers. The longeft D^y in the Northmoft Parts of this Kingdom is 17 Ilours.-J ; the Ihorteft ir the Southmoft is 8 Hours ^^ and the Nights proportionably. ©oiinnoCittctf.l The chkf Cof»mditics of this Country, are VV.ivl Linen, Boaids, M.ifts for Ships, Pitch, rich Furs, Salt, Amber] Pot-alhes, Soap, Corn, Uutcer, Chccle, Kofin, Tlax, Cord;ige] BrimilonC) &c. H'irittfa''] In the Cathedral of nefna \s kept an ineftlmable Treal fure of Gold, Silver and enamel]^' Veffels, given by divers Kings o| Paliifid^ and Prelates cf that Sec'^Under the Mountains adjacent rj Poland. M9 -!'.;P>^ »d pare part of! by the! ) from 'lain or! d morel |,,j 3re divers Grottos, wherein are prefcrvM a great number of nan Bodies, Itill inrire, altho' buried many Years ago, being Uhcf 1'^ black nor hard as the I giptian Muoimies; among tliele L\wo l^rinces, array'd in the fame llabir rhcy ul'ually woix vvlieii [it who arc fhown to Trav Hers by the Ruffun Monl<.s. The pKice t^rffhofe Bodies are prefervM is a dry laruly Ground, mucli of the LjN'.'iture vvith the Catacombs at Rome. In the Southern j). tr^ of I,W.ire divers Mountains, out of which is dug S^lt \i\ Jarge M.ii- [, 2, Stones out of a Quarry ; and out of otheis they dig natural '•\\\\y~\\ Cups, which bemg expofcil for fome rime in rhe op( ji Air, k;pme as hard as a Stone In the Dcfarts of Pod I a i,-, .1 tAc, vv.'iOle liters condenfe into folid Salt, and that purely by the licit (^f the ta Near toCrJCO'via are the Minis of 5;(?, vviiich b^!ng 200 jithoms deep, do conlbntlv employ <.bove icoo Me,'» and yjej'd a IftRevcnue to the King. Near to ( ulrn, in tlie I). Pruj a, is a i'oun- (in which conftantly fends forth a mighty fuJphurcouj Stciiu, jnj It its Waters are never hot. cording] IgdoiTl;! etwith.l particii. mwhoUl 5 in that! ife6\iousBg{(j)ijjf|j0p;[{ck0.] Achbif^o^ricks In this Kingdom arc two, viz, *"'*"«» >s| Cncfna^ Leopol. Degrees ~]SifI]op;iick;8 1 BijUpricks in this this Kingdom are thefe following, ice on the g in tliel iifFordingj labL^ntsJ iddleparD Q withfcfctbeifitic^.j Univcrpties in this Kingdom are thofe of linces to.'hcre iacent rH''S'^'*^"' thfjy never fajJco m^ikea fuinbk Rcuun. They arege- !^^^ m i% I H» ■■* 'iB- '•"( >*,■» ' I' '■''4 'VIh mm 0Vi !;■' ■•" ••.■ \M I « , The great Wheels of Government in both of thefe are the \^ni^nAGene^»l Diets* TliQ Senate is compofed of Archbifhops, lliops, Palatins, Principal Caftellans, and Chief Officers of the ingJom. The General D^t confifts of the fime Members, together ith Delegates from each Province and City, both of the Kingdom Dutchy J which Dyet is either Ordincry^ as when fummoned liccording to Law) once every two Years ; or Extraordinary, a? lien call'd by the King upon fome emergent Occafion. The cal- In Injjugof this Dyet is always perform*d by the ('hancellor's Letters, la DialeQKrni'cl Liters InJ^rutlionii to the Palatmes, acquainting them with 3ftly pre«atthe King defigns to propofe to them, and the time he would f in the fcthem come to Court. Having rcceiv*d the King's Propofal, h /w»^'«fh of them hath full liberty to cxamin the fame in its own Na- nt'ie, Wreand Confequenccs, and to return their Thoughts about it with rW/»/i/cMthe freedom they can defire. The King's Letters are likewife e wWiJ^tto the Gentry of each Palatinate, to chufe a Nuncio to be their Itprefentative in the Dyet; in which Elcftion the Candidate mufl: unanimoufly pitch*d upon ; for if the Suffrage of only one pri» f^» ^"^K Gentleman be wanting, the Eleftion is void, and the Province ^"^^'•^■depriv'd of its Vote in the approaching Dyet. The Lleftions ^'j'^ Wing over, and the various Senators and Nuncios come to Court, ^'i u" ■ ^"^* arrayd in his Royal Robes, and attended by the Chan- ^ V iw" '^' f^^^ws the Propofal in their Publick AiTembly. The Pro- " ^°"Wal having been duly weigh'd by each of them aforehand, they rcby tojjjg ^q ^ fpeedy Refolution in the Matter, cither Pr9 or Co^i. As aforefaid Eleftionofthe various Nuncios requires an unani- Ills Aflent in all Perfons elefting, or elfe the Eleftion is void ; info the thing propos'd by the King, in the General Dyet, muft ilFented unto by all, otherwife the Propofal was made in vain ^ ifthcy differ, (which frequently happens) then the Dyet breaks without doing any thing, and each Member returns to his own L 3 Home* event Dij [nduftrio ^uld find has i\i\ Unt is te Lon it \\ ig fo U V •*''! J^ mil "(i Mir ) . :• M % ■ 1, ■! ■ \ n^: • ] 1 .'it t* I ^r^^r i ii 1 i I ; I! 142 Poland. Part 1] Home Subordinate to the Senate and Dyet, are a great m-m Courts of Jujjcarure, whether Ecclcfiaftical, Civil, 01 Milit^p! for Jettfrminipg all Caufcs in the various parts of the Kingdr^' which Courts are much the Tune with the like fuborduistc judic ' foi ic^ in other civilizM Countiics oi' Europe , particularly thole hci in l-nglan '■. > , jj Polind In the fccond and third Gulcs, a Cavalier arm'd Cap-a.pl y^rp^ent, in thc^ Dexter, a mkei Sword of the fame ; in the Sini ::rj a Shield Jzurs, charg d with a double barr d Crofs, Or, mounted, a Courf:;r of the ftcond, barbed of tlie third, and neil'd of rli, fourth, for Lithuania. For the Creft, a Crown, heightcn'd wirj eight Flu rets, and closM with four Demi-circles, ending in ^ Monde, Or, which is Crefi: of Poland. For the Motto are thcfJ Words, Hahnt fua /ide^'a Reges» Kclijton.] The Inhabitants of this Country areCfor themoOparr ProfefTors of the Doctrine of the Church of Row^; yet all Keligtom being tolerated, here arc m.iny of theGrr.te Church, as d]fo ylrmmn. LuPhcTMns, Socinieins, Calvimih, Jews, f'^'ak^fSy Sec. Thofe of thi Church of %«^ are difpersM over all Parrs of tlie Kingdom, bm tnoft numerous in the J'roviiiccsof Cfj-^ix'U and lV. i: *\' 'f : 'onl \' I ' t^ V' eM- ^•1 ot , ^ _ ., ,„ M« -^. >>■ ,- - y#/-i • • • •. « •• '•.....,^•1.. .u^ lA-: yuf* J ,^ XOVA ^.tritUa. MP tl JX J •a»ui' . lire I'erJmti ' A3TC JC 5} r^rhe ^«rb««e »««>, JifrtramJ. Itfuestt FwfiS* J(SfrerJ\\ .r^ '■'StVv-''. -*■' .• /ttti -e-oj*. \%Tytn7fj::?f Imxi .Xul ''■•■'•'•''•■■ji^jul^ ': 3tareti>\ Zmtte • • Cal4it0f4tJ .. Ilautaki 'x.*'^^^ ^^'f*!/ •«* itftot hi\ , CxftntxiiAr '*«>. .9itt»rtm *S'^4 .tintrt* I' [^nt^ttuiCi -■^r- " VA ^.» kVur>'<«rerm »«i flJTf u ''ly-e/^ »**5 -«IIA tfitr* UMtaH'*^' 7>3«d s'tliHtrU, tV 'VC ' 4UGMtt A ^^ [Hi i PA MIA ^POKri7»AK,I.Xi lii. yn .;i£L .J£. m>^' «i •} w Toitlou^ip ) Fjt A x c jt Carbon e o^ ^taJf TJeuestit (•^rtranj. /nrf 'tfSMftHS /v* > t^Htttltfim/ o '*^ff/ •«u ll> l^'-^^it Jhma. ^rerm •V-*-^ i-t*5 «IIA jn ^ 1. ^ ^^^^i^^?^X?%^^ Jl£. I Part II. U? SECT. VL 'Concerning Obpaltt with pOJttlffal^ d. m. miles -iff . *« S°8 o$\^cr^ ^:S ^Length Is about 610. "^yctween ^^^ 30 p' ^°"g' (^ g^ 44 30 f I.' It being divided into 3 ClafTes, i/^^.-s 2. C3- ]^N. to W. r, r tAfturia — - I Clafs comprc. J»^^^;^^ .^„ Jndalufu 1 Grangd'i'^ ^Breadth is about 480. uTowards the N.and W, Ocean Towards the Mediterran.Sea 3. Towards the Mid-land Parts, " Bilboy or Bilboa Ovtedo- I/;^,„.- jE.toS. Seville V) C (J Barceloni :, Clafs compreO^''*'''^'^' — " ^H properly i 4 Alava bcajrd>Ch.To.J L 4 • '. 1 ^W -jE-toW, Fifttria Southward 2. JJlrU'^ m w :\^ I mi 144 Spam with PortugaL I^artllJpartlL §. 2. AfiurtAy a Principality. Contain? f^JJi^^'^ ie Ovledo 2 ruuf Town S ^^iVitf, Weftward. I §. J. GaSiciay a Kingdom. /Archbiniopr.ofCowpo/?£;; ^Wem^K.E.toS.wJ Murcif^ 2orenfe — .— \ .!> yidem' •Territory ojjuy J g C Wc»! §. 4. Portugalj a Kingdom. Upon the Minbo, Tr^f/oj Montes ^ | TheProvin.of^BezV^ vh Eftremadura l^'tJ The Kingdom oFyilgarve' ■ -^^ I Lisbone Evora Tavira •N. to S oiTerri Contains tl Province of Balague Lerida "iTortofa Girona Barcehn u u u H §. 5. Andalufia^ a Province. To thefe ' S. of l^arb n I CBifhoprick of |g;» - ^ \ Archbifhopr. of .ftv/T/e /BifhoprickofC4i/i> o O I D, of Medina, Sidonia Idem -. E, to S. W. upott| Idem r^ the Gduddl^uw Idem ^ vir^ or nigh w Idem 3 it. Idem, Southward. §p6f GraHada^ a Kingdom. 5 C n;ainn,.:rir «p J AlmerU 7^! r Idem, Southward upon theSral / J ' C uuaatx ^ S Archbifhopr. of Gran Add. (J ( Bilhoprick of i\A4/»{^4 •— a o tj r Idem, Southward uj C J Idem 7 •I^IdemSE. toS*W. U Q Idem^ ^f BIlliopi |Archbi U/BiOiopr §♦7. MtifciH irt II, I Part n» Sfitin with Portugal. '4S § 7. Murcia^ a Kingdom, Idem J E. tow. j^^^^ Idem, Southward upon the Sea . tMurciii, properly fo call'd^ ^ C § 8. Valemidy a Kingdom, Contains the CMiV/jra^ Cr/7/tzura J COrigvelU \ § 9. Catalomaj a Principality. ° UfmdV>gch Balaguer- ^ Lerida ^ <> Tortofa Girona • Barcelona ■ W//^ Frarrca de Pan ''des Tefragna e r Idem- Idem- Idcm- Idem- !>H 1 11 i ^ I , ( itl '' Hi f 146 S/^ai// with Portugal. Part I[l Part H. § II. Navarre^ a Kingdom. - - ^ KTu-^ela — >Cniet Townr Idernx V Sanguefn J \ Idem y ^* ^^ ^• § 12. 0/^ Caple^ a Province. ikips of r ic^d — Coh'horr^ Contains r\\ £ Tei- \ Son a - - xitorks t>f ^ O/w^ ' Idfm Lcgroyifio ^ \V. tO S. l\ I.'lrni ^^ J hU-m ^ ^ IJeni >E. to W.on the Do^^i Id fin v' c o t Idem, <;6 m. -S.E.l^j. ,_ , ,, Lldt'm, 63 m. >. S 1 §13. New Caflile^ comprehending Ejf/rmW/^a f N'rfA, the Titg\ Being divided into% Mirdle-, between the Ttfgo and Guadiana, L'^O'ith of Guadiana. ih^th contains Towns of / Ctfr/»— - \ Pi c 71 I a- s the J'ldlcda •W. to E. Madrid^ - y^kah de 'Icnarcs VAII 3 N. E. ofTokdo, Guadalaxara — J SAlcan'ara upon the T^^a. ,, M^ndu upon the Cuadiava Towns of ■jti upon the A'«c r. ^^TnriUo, 26 miles N. E. of MCrids. C,iue jti \\\ SBadajos • ElUnera- ■L ^iiith contains the jEiwmra ■ ^ From W. to E. Towns of ^ ividfid R al-' C §14. 1 A irt III PJrt I^' S^iin with Portugitl. 47 §. 14. Leofj, a Kingdotn. the On •0 ./ / Valencia. in s7o>o- are sZ^wor^ / Leon—— T E. to S. W. on the ;;}N.tos.w. C.T. in. N. are Aflorga Cividad Rodrjgo, S- W. of (Salamanca, he Doij^ry t ii i s large Conrinenc bting now fubjeft to two diftinft So*' j veieigns, T;/iz, His Catholick Majefty, and the King of Port«- lil, I Hull Icparatcly confidcr thcfc two Sovereignties. Therefore, STAIN. Jn:E.]] ^P j4 I N [formerly j'cria, Hefperia, by feme Spam'a ; and i3 now bounded on the fait by part of the Me'^^te)'raneMn i; on the I'i eif by Portugal ar.d part of the vafl: /^tlantick Ocean ; n the A'()>'f/; by the IJay of Bll /^y ; and the Stuth by the Stjeighc \Q:hrakair] is tenn'd by the Italians Sfagna ; by its Natives EfpSna^ phcFrctich^ Ejp^gne; by the Gcrjnatis, 'parieji:, and by the Enghjht mm ; l"o called (a;, fomc fancy) fi om a certain King nam'd Uifffltius ; jthcri* from (JT^ rirf, ( raritaf vel pt.nHria ) bt'caule of its fcarcity of mhabirjnt.s. But the moll: received Of>inion i.<;, That it came from Ifpilis (now Sivi'Ui) the chief City of the whole Country in former lilies. %x ] The yiiy of rh's Conntry \s f-.encraily very pure and ca!m, iing leldom infelled wiih Mifts and Vapours ; but in the Summer Vxrremely hot, trpeci.illy in the Sonthmofl: Provinces, that 'tis fcthdiingero'is and inconvenient fo«- tht: Inhabit.mts to ftir abroad lout Noon, trom the middle of h'ay to the laft of ^ugvft. Tlie Ippofire phice of th« Globe to Spjiin , is that part of Zelandia nova, lorfome of the ill Ivoown (!ontifient ) lying between I90 and 202 Agrees of Lcngitudf, with ;.6 and 44 Degrees of b'outh-Lati- kJe> ■4 ,!'t «o(l.] 14^ Spain with Portugal^ Part III It ia»s 1* m ^oil-J The iSb// of this Country (lying in the 6th and 7rh North Climate) is in many Places very /5r;and Barren^ feveral of the in. land Provinces being either overgrown with IVooh^ or cumbred withl iandyand rockyMtf«wri/wj,and others (whod' Soil is naturally fertiljl are for the moft part wholly reglefted, lying wafte and uncultiva- ted for many Years, and that by reafon of the Fewnefs (or rather) the deteftable Lazinefs of its Inhabitants. But this defeft of CornJ and other Grain (which arifeth partly from the Niture of the Cott«, try^ but more from the Temper of the People) is fufficiently fuppiied by various rortsofexcellencfrM/fjandrr/>;t'5, which with little Art and Labnur are here producM in great Plenty. The longeft Day ir the Northmoft part of ihisCoMw^^, is about 15 Hours;*: > thefliortl eft in the South, is 9 Hours ^, and the Nights proportionably. CottimoDtrienf.] Thechief Co^ww&i/i/V^ of this Country, are Wincsj Oyls, Sugar, Metals, Rice, vSilk, Liquorifh, Honey, Flax, Saffron] Annifeed> Railins, Almonds, Oranges, Limons, Cork, Soap, An] chovies, jumach, Wool, Lamb-skins and Tobacco, ^c» K'TttU^.] Nigh to the City of Cadix, is an old ruinous Buildlni (now converted into a Watch-Tower) which fome would fain perl fuadf* themfelvesto be the Remains of Hercules his Pillars, lb muq talk*dof by the Ancients. (2) In the City Granadi is thelargj fumptuous Palace of the Moorijh Kings, whofe inlide is beauiifiej with ^afper and Porphyry^ and adornM with divers Arabick and Mofi ick Infcriptions. (3.) Ar Terragom in Latilovu^ are to be feen thl Ruins of an ancient Cirrm in the Street, call'd U Placa de U TumA and ^tSegovU in Old Caflile, are the Remains of a noble Aquedutj built by the Emp.^ror trajarij and fupported by 177 Arches! double Rows, reaching from one Hill to another. (4.) Withoi the Walls of Toledo was an ancient large Theatre, fome pat whereof is yet ftanding. Herealfo is an admirable Mod Tn Aqu du£^, contriv'd by ^vmcllm TurrUnM (a Frenchman) according d the Order of Pbilip 11. (5.) At Orenje in GdUicia^ are feverj Springs of Medicinal hot Waters, wonderfully efteem*d of by tl ableit Phyficians. ((50 At the City of Toledo is a Fountain, who Waters near the Bottom are of an Acid Tafte, but towards tl! Surface extreamly Sweet. (7.) Near Giudalaxara in Nerv Caftik, a L,ake which never fails to lend forth dreadful Howlings betorej Storm. (8i.) The Cathedral Church of Mm*^/^ (containing abo^ 400 Chappchj is remjrkable for its curious Steeple, which is built that a Chariot m,iy eafily pfcend to the Top thereof. {9 Many talkof a Ship of Stone, with Mafts, Sails and Tackling, 1 be li'on la the Port odMorjiu in Ga^idx. As to the River Guini^ its diving under Ground, Cfrom whence 'twas formerly caird^W4*} ihcfameisfo notorious, that we need fay nothing of it. artWcpjtikia.] Archbijhpruks in this Kingdom, arc thofeof Grgnada, Valencia, Tarragona^ SaragoJJ'ay Burgos, Toledo, TJif()0p^icili8f.] Bijhopruks in this Kingdom, arc thofe of mido, mdotjedo, hrmmt, yiiviy Cii/{, ^uiixy UlmrUy Malagiy Cartagena, Segorve^ Origuella, Barcelona, Tortofa, Lerida, Solfona, Vichy Tampon a, Huefcay BalbatrOy TerverCt Albara\iny Pamplonat Valladolid, Calihorra, Tlacemia, Coria, AviUy Segovia, Cividad I^ealCf Siguen^i, Leon-, Salamancs, Toro, Aftorga, Pdlencidf Zamora* antiJttacwf.] Vniverfities in this Kingdom, are thofc of milf muda, imjioftellay AUala de Heni' /luefca^ re St SaragoffXy Siguen^iy Tudela, Valencia, OJfuna, Leriday Onu, Guad/df BarcelonXf Mwrcia, Tarfogonif Bae^A, mdolidy mmnca, S^anncW ] Thetrueft Charafler of the Spaniard, I any where find, \tbit of Dr. Hey\in%, which in the main runs thus : The Spaniards [fays he) are a fore of People of a Swarthy Complexion, Black llair, and of good Proportion ; of a Majeftick Gate and Deport- ncnt, grave and ferious in their Carriages, in Offices of Piety lery Devout, not to fay Supei ftitious ; Obedient and Faithful to Iheir King, patient in Advcrfiry, very temperate in Eating and Irinking J not prone to alter their Refolutions nor Apparel; in war too deliberate; Arts they eftecm dilhonourable, univerlally liven to Lazinefs, much addii^ed to Women, unreafonably Jea- lous of their Wives, and by Nature extreamly Proud, w- w :M' ' tail' 15a Spam with Portugd PartlLiartll. 1 1 Vh I- *li . t' JS" if ).J l.ingltaje.3 Of all the living Tongues dcriv'd from the Latin tf,. Spanip) comes neareft to the Original, tho' no Country has bctnrnord harral's*d by the Irruption of barbarous Nicionschim ichas ; Yet they have borrowed feveral Words from tlv^ Goths and Moors, tfytciAWy^i^^] latter. The beft i^patiijh is generally eirccm'd that fpoki^n in t^ev.l Ca(iile ; and in ValeHcia ?.nd CatalotiiaW'i inoft: corru pted. Their P/if^y.] Nojicr runs thus ; Padye nncjiro, que ejha ^/« are rul'd by particul.^r Govern-TS a •pointed by his Cifho^i lick Alajefty. as alfo tin; Durchy of A//77, th.ti Kingdoms of N^ phi Sicily, Sardigniat &c and the virions Parts ( f his vaft PoficlTions iiJ the Easl ^nd l^f^ifl-hdUs, are govern'd by their refpeftive ^/f^R»7;| who are generally very fvn'ere in ex.^^lmg of thcSubjedt what polfij bly they can during their lliort Regency, u hich is commonly limit] ed to three Years ; t!u' King appointing others ir^ their room, thai he may gratifie as many of his Gr^judecsas may be with all Convej niency, there being rtill a great Numbei- of them at Court, as C nj didates for a Government. For the better Muifgemenr of publicH Affairs in all the Spanijli ^^omintuns, there are rffablifh'd inthivKingj dom no lefs than 1^ different Councils, ^7.'i. that called the^cwi €il of itate. (2.) The Co::n:i! !y.(iyal, CT th:xr of Cajlih. (3.) 7/;*'.* ol H'ar. (4) The C?<:// of .'hya.;on. (^.) That of Italy. (^J TIij Council of the Indies ( ) Th^tt of the C.iA>7. (8.) The CoH^ici! tllJ », the more brtll' S^.iin \v\i\i Portagd. 151 ^fnifury* (g. ) That cf the Chambn. ( lo,) The Council oHhc /..I -ri... ^f r».r,;....^.,, (12.) Tht Cotouil oi h^q^iiifitioKm ■> '-'.i )li;idi^ (11.) n^t Cf Dlj'rh.irges. . ^ ,.)jhdt of S'avdyrc. (14-) 'I' ^t Council oi Cotifuicnce, And laftl}', t theJlifcallM, The Couv.il of Poihy, Iv tH? ^H ^^'^^■jtmff.j The King of spahi bears Quarterly ; The firft Quarter p^^,^"M||jtef quartered j in the fiiTtand fourth Cul^Sy a Cattle tripple- i*er'(1»^-^"^'^> "^^'^^ ^'^^^ tliree Battlements, <'>'/-, purfltd Sabkyiot Jil^In the feconrl and th'ir^Argevt^-A Lion pall'ant Gw/d 5, Crown'd, ,-oiitM. and ArmM, ^^', for Leon. In the tecimd ^reat C>aarter, Or^ L Pallets, c;»/c'5, ii.)r^rr,j;;w. Parrv, Or^ four Pallets aUb 6'm/c'5, l;«ixt two Finches y/^^;t7^r. cliarg'd with as many E-^gles Jj/)/e„ rownM ^:^wrt?, for J/t/'/y. Thefe two great 071a vt){ tmber'djbeak'd, andcr iigpueft, le Con one So narchi •e fo fit Terri hmon'; les, ji Majorcn ire Gi ; Duk cehna evince Curho lions i tit poifi y limit 'n , tha ('onve as C n public livKing] ^.; Thi I il;j, aFt'iTe Argjrt, for /.u (hi. t, Coupie and fupported by Ancient mdh which is Bendy of fix Piece?, Or and y1:(urc, border'd Cuks. Ithefourth great Quarter J^urd, Seme of FUnvcr de Luces, Or, ba border Compovy Arg^m and Culcs^ fcr M( dirn Burgundy ; cou- Ldr, fupported 6'^/;/^, a Lion, Or^ for J' dhint, Thcfe two great Lrterscharg'd with an Efcutcheon, Or^ ,\ Lion Sjbk and langued p,for FluncL-rs, Pr.rtly, Or, cinE^^le SjoL-^ (or Antwerp, the Ci* tiCity of the Marquifateof the Holy Empire. For Crefi^ a Vn, Or, raisM with eight Diadems, or Semi-circles terminating \Mid, Or, The Collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece en- jpaifes the Shield, on the fides of which itand the two Pillars of iks, on each lide one ^vitli this "Motto, Flui ultra. lligton.] The Sp.t-vi.tr.is are very pnn^nal followers of, and clofc lerers to the Church of Rome, and that in her grofTJl Errors and pptior.s, taking up rh.ir Religion on iliC i\-p.'b jluihority ; ar,d Itlk'rein fo tenacious that the King futtVrs none to live in his \mns^ who profef^ not tht'ir Belief (>f (he Voilfjve of the Rorn^n [rch. For whole Coire (i;r rather Bigoirv* in fhisMutcr, the Ihath confcri'd upon liim the lit h of \\\sCuhollckNi^)cjly. All krProft-ffions are ex\)eird by that ^ij/r/V/v. 7/ /.iw Tyranny of the m hh[v.ifition^ at hrfc advil'ed and iet up by Vfd'o (^ov files de \h{i, Archbp. of Ulcdo, and that ng >inl» i";.ch converted ^t-r^^f llHoon as return'd Jg^.in to {\vS\t Sup^rjlhicf: -, but of late it hath ichiclly returji'd upon thofc.cand others,) of the Proteflirt Com- t'u So indultrious are the Ecclclialiicl-s in rids Country to keep k whole Body uf the People in the tiiick: ft Mill ot Ignorance, aiiJ # ■ 1^^ w m !! Ill I 152 Spai/f with Portugal, II hbling N liicat the ( hm Coimbr L*s in wl: L- an E trunks of ' Li for theli L ( , and fo little is this Nation enclin*d of thcmfelves to make any En quiries after Knowledge ; that confidering thefe Things upon oj Hand, and the Terror of the Inquifition on the other in cafe of Air Enquiries, (efpecially if they have the leaft tendency to Innovatio in Points of FaithJ we cannot reafonably expert a Reformation! Religion in this Country, unlefs the Hand of Providence Jhallij tcrpofe in a wonderful manner. Chriftianity was planted here (a] cording to the old Spttnifi) Tradition; by Sz.fitnei the Apoftle, wij in four Years after the Crucifixion of our Bleff^d Redeemer. ^ (H^T U G A L. ^xm.^ 'portugal [[containing a great part of old LufiUnh, wid^isliOp^if^J^ fome of ancient Gallecia and Bcetica : And now Bound ontheEaft by Spiin, on the North by Galliciay on the Weft a South by part of the vaft AtlanuckOctin~] is termM by the Mk JPorto Gallo ; by the Spaniards, French^ Germans, and Etiglijh, Portu^i fo called by lome from Porto and Gale, (the firft a Haven Town,a the other a fmall Village at the Mouth of the Vouro) but by ot'ht from Portui GaBorum, that Haven (now Pono) being the Plai where the Gauls ufually landed, when moft of the Sea.port Towi in Spain were in the Hands of the Moors, Sir.] The Jir of this Country is much more temperate, efpej ally in the Maritime Places, than in thofe Provinces of J^^w.w' lie under the fame Parallel, it being frequently qualihedby fterly Winds, and cool Breezes from the Sea. The oppofite Pli of the Globe to Portugal, is that part of the vaft Pacifick Oa] between i88and 194 Degrees of Longitude, wiLh36and42 grces of South Latitude. ^otl.] The5o/7of this Country Cit lying in the 5th anddthAi Climate) is none of the beft for Grain, it being very Dry and Moj tainous, but yet very plentiful of Grapes, Oranges Citrons, Almi Pomegranates^ Olives, and fuch like. The longeft Day in theNorl moft parts of this Kingdom is about 15 Hours, the (horteft in I Southmoft is about 9 Hours ^, and the Nights proportionably.| CommctJittenf ] The chief Omwoim'w of this Country, are Honey, Oil, Mom, White Marble, Salt, as alfo variety of Fruits,] Oranges, Almonds, Citrons, Pomegranate Sy &c. Raritie*.] In a Lake on the Top of the Hill S'tella, In Portugik found pieces of Ships, though it be diftant from the Sea morctl twelve Leagues. Near to Heja, is a Laltc obfervable for its hidff rumbu (ivigation, wonderm oplewhom their own good Qua] lining will em'd a Peo ilytoStran addiaed y have the to Thievi be very M4 odintermi \r.fhindSpa) ' the true »'i?ue, whi( ^(iteunome:\ h ^orno va te inikor M yjoj. ^artlmrtll- Spaw with Portugd. anyEo ipon 01 'eoffuc novatio mationi e ihall i^ here (ad ftle, witi ncr. ••^bling Noife, which is ordinarily heard before a Storm, an:1 JjUt the cliftance ol' fire or fix f.:;agucs. About eiaht Leagues u^ Coimbra. is a remarkable Fountain, vviiich Iwailows up^ or ji^s in whatfoever thing only toucheth the Surface of its V/a- ■f,. an Experiment of which is frequently made with the [unks of Trees. The Town of Bethlem (nigh to Lisbon) is no- for the lumptuous Tombs of the Kings of FonugaU tnu, mi I Boundj WeftiJ le Jtiliii , Portugi Town,ai| ; by othe , the PlaJ ort Towl Stti)lJiJS(l}OP?fck0.] j^rMjhopricks in this Kingdom arc thofe of Lisbon, Braga, Evora^ |5isl)0p?irk^ ] Bijhpricks in this Kingdom are thofe of Miranda, Coimbra, ElvMf leira, Limego^ ronxUgrct PortOt Vifcu, Faro, |QniDtrfit«jf.] Univerpties in this Kingdom are thofe of Lisbon^ Evora, Coimbra* bannctjsfO The Portugueje (^formerly much noted for their Skill in |avigation, and vaft Difcoveries which the World owes to them ) ; wonderfully degenerated from their Fore-Fathcrs, being now a |ople whom fome are plsas'd to Charafterizc thus ; That take one [their own Nnghbours (a Native i]pim>4 ) and iirip him of all sgood Qualities (which may bequickly done) r^itPerfon thenre- tining will make a compleat Portugtiefe. They are generally e- [em'd a People very Treacherous to one another, but more efpe- |lly to Strangers •, extraordinary cunning in their Dealings,migh- faddi^led to Covetoufnefs and Ufu'^y ; barbaroufly cruel where |ty have the upper Hand; and the meaner fort are univerfally gi- to Thieving. Bcfides all thefe, fome will alfo have this People [be very Maliciom, which they fay is the Remnant of the Jemjk p intermixt with that of the Portugueses Nation. alienage*] The Lwguage usM in this Kingdom is a Gompound of are ll^rxhwdSpunifii efpeciaily the latter. The difference between ic f FruitSiP the true spanijht will belt appear by the Pater Nojler in that lo^ue, which runs thus : Padre rojfo que eflofi 7?os Ceos^ Sanflificado ten nome: vcrih.t a vos o tea rey?}0 : feia feita a tua vontade^ afft vos , como Vd terra, paonojjb dc cadatia dano-lo oie neflodia* E perdox hhor as noff'^s diiud.vs, affi corno nosperdoamos a os nojfos dcvedores* E 'J^ (^fxci (djr f-^ tematfOy tna/?, libra vos do mal. Amcv* ■ M ■ ite, efpel :p4m,whi| tied by " jofite Pli fick Ocej and 41 id 6th M and M01 w;, Alm\ the Noti irteft in Lionably. Portu^^il 1 morcti ir its h ^y 4 •^ 'iM:^ ^'■mv .\ i"' ep\)?i;n« ^54 Spiiin with Portugal. Part. II I (PobernmetK. ] This Kingdom, after many Revolutions of For, tune, was unjuftly feiz'd upon by Fhilip II. of Sp^iin, and derain'd C him^ and his two SucceiTors from the Dukes of Bragan^a, the lawfj Heir, till the Year 1640, that the Fortuguefe^ being unable to b^a up any longer under the Tyrannical Sovereignty of the Spin'urU\ threw off that intolerable Yoke, and fet the Crown upon the Hea of jfo/w Vl. Duke of Brxgav^x, (afterwards John IV. burnam'd th Fortunate) notwithftandingall that rhilip co\i\d do to the contrary, "Which Enterprize of theirs was happily brought about by the Ai fiftance of romeFrewJ:* Forces fent into this Country : And tisver remarkable how cloH^ly this their D fign of Revolting was carry'i on, though known to above 300 Perfons at once, and in agitatioi for the fpace of a whole Year. Ever fince which Revolt of p(jr, galy it hath continued an Independent Kingdom, fubje^t unto, a govern'd by its own King C being of the Family of Bragav^^) who Government is truly Monarchical and Crown Hereditary. crcl ^tm^O He bears Argent, five Efcutcheons A^iiret plac'd i wife, each charg'd with as many Befants of the firrt,plac'd in s^lu and pointed Mle, for Portugal. The Shield border'd Gules, chard with feven Towers Or, threct in Chief, and two in each Planch ; i? Creft is a Crown Or, Under the two Flanches, and the Bafe of tj Shield, appear at the ends of two Croffes, the firlt Flower-de-lud VertCi which is for the Order of Avis , and the fecond Puttee Guii which is for the Order of Ckrift, The Adotto is very changeabj each King affuming a new one, but frequently thefe Words, Jiege^Grege. ^tliiion.'] What was faid of P^eligion in SpiWy the fame almoft be affirm'd of that in this Kingdom ; the Tenets of the Churcn J(gms being here univerfally embrac'd by the Portngtie-^e^ only w this difference, that they tolerate J^toj, and allow fe vera 1 Str gers the publick Exercife of their Religion, particularly the gUf) Fadory at Lisboyu This Country receiv'd the Bledcd Go much about the fame time with S^m, SECI • !< ri'l IB ' I'f i II 1 4if B .J?untont- . r J*urntu . Q ,/nani BcnijJjiu H . P5/if.v . I .Jjiria . TH Jiitt* of V church . i J i* iJ c .s e a liAIN^IAJSr ^;, Parti ►^•1 I JS I r ALY. _ Xttjltih mild J Palmatia > Jotttuto O^lltA ,hetw(. - /bctwe [Tl^e Vpper lomburdy~] tiinuhe' ^'^^ Middle a Kiins the ^e ^rjnjt'r col I'-iiiis the Fart ir. SECT. VL Concerning Jtillp* d. m. -/, fjc 2o7 fr "^ *^ '■ Leni'th from N.W. to S.E. : (between ^^^ ^^CofLon.^-v js^about 760 Miks. = V JqS 15^ rr ^r "^i Breadth from S.W to N.E. r ^between 1 3^ ,^^ofLaf.y^^ is about 134 Miles. C Upper. Being divided into three ClaiTes, viz.-^Middl:', Lorvet't I The l'/)/?er [OT Imbdrdy'] con.<^ tiins the f Dukedom of savoy Princip. ofPiedmom ' Mont f err xt — MiUn ! •1 Moiaiii ~ Rep. of < (^ o I (Getioua — '' ^ (_Bifhoprickof TVcfwr ^ ,' *-^ r Land of the Church 1 ^ .e Middle con- ^ Dukcd. of 7My'•4^/>' '''''''' /Rep.cf^ I'm ■— ' C ^ 1 ^ . Martno 1:2 I ewer con- f ^. . . r ,. , ;iinsthe | Kingdom of A ^/)/cfi [ Chxmhery --' Turin — — Ciifjil Idem • — Idem Idem W.toE. [dem, N. to ModenA Idem, on the bot. of the yidrutid Gulf, c O H X) Tojfano *-' fldem- Idem^ Idem- — Idem Idem- Idem^ 'ji Idt^ni s m. S. of Pipurol. Idem- Idem- Idem Idem— Idem^ ,N. to S. upon the Pfl. to S. upon the Teua o. \N CO S upon the Stiira. [cinprehends the Terri- loiies of :^ N. to S. jjmprchends ihe Terii- wries of M N T F E R R J T. Trim ^ gridem ^ Cafal / £ \ldem C Jlba \f^^Idem j^ccfui C_c /^^^""^ S/>/»— — ' • J u t»Idem 8 m- S. W- of y^ 7«^. M I L u4 N. Idem— - t ijcvam Pa via — Lodi — Anglers — ' Novarefe P^igevanafco — Pavefe ■ Lodegiam Cr€nioneje- MiUneze ' > Jleffandrinefc- LauweUifie Tortonefe ■ o H Jrom VV. to S. E. Crctnona ^It'ffatidria f'altnza — ^ 2^ ton » — — *' «J yS.toN. W.toE' IF ii\i'i\ i!'uL i!- Ms P ./ R- 11 ..,•*••» - !|i 158 Jialy, Part II Fart II. ^r P A R M A. fc -^ ^ o u ;Terr. of {^"f)'^, C^ ;;;^"^^ ;^- ^ ' Idem- ]dt'm- ^t. fo VV Dorrivo "7 \' D. of. MODE Modcfhi prop- fo c^iH'd COrregio- Principality q{ Cjirpi o M A N r ' f "7 M.nnoui prop, fo call'd ^ GNjfiilL JPrinci;)alitV of 7^o^^.9/ t Marqiiifate of 0///^»' Idem Eaftward Idem Wcftward Idem Noithward idem II m. ^N. E. cf Idem 14 m. 5 j^cp^ij A. Mavfoiu North '.vard Id. 8m.S. W.^ ot Idem 18 m. S.>M;;!i Id.i8 m.S. W.Vo«,;.| C\:ltilLin de ^iivi')\6 CN.H.of Mdntoui Comprchcrds the lerrito- iits of l\ldn:,}}0 — Viccmir.o — Vcioyicfc — oi'cjc'uvo — ii.'rgj,mdfiO ~ h'luli lliru. ) — ( (■-rt'iiijico roh'jui de Rnvipo [^i^^iircj. Jrcvigij,no o s 5 from L.to re t'vh'J.!vj C Trevifjdno pro*;'-. 'oiUdins the ylcliihio • (j'Cd> im i eiritorits cf Vance — Padud — Vetofu - Brefiiii ~ Bergamo Vddin 7 W.toE. Cdbod'lJhijS {lliinl Idem in Friuli 22 m. S. I'-i Crerru 24 m. S. of BngxM Jiovigo 22 m. S, of Paduj. I'revigio 17 m. N.W. of rt;;/| Tre-jigiO' feltrim^ Belluvo- Codore - Prov. of D. of Vr Marq. o C. ofC/ I; 'I Terr, oi D.oCCal St.Peter' Cimpjgtjj ^ ^Ubino (.0, of 6'/J0 S. to I G Fart II. Italy, 159 the G E N V J. /-Principality of Mo>uco ■ ^ Territory of Vemimi^lix \Principality of Ondglij, Coinpre- J^^rqmi'ditQ ai Finale - bends -^ ^ ■• I Noli - Terrr.tory of«<,.^„„„^ T R E N T. W. to E. If'.' Pt* ■:M ComprehendsC Bilhoprick ofZ^j^j^^ ^ Udem, upon only the "j Trent J C /Uigs, the hil ;1! § 2. In the Middle Part. The Land of the Church, or PAP AC T. <• Bologneje — Prov. of J^nugn^ D. of Vrbine •1 Marq. of Anconx — C. of Citta de Cjflello o H ff (."''' <«^^ - I Bologna- /{avenna Vrbino - Amona, N. W. toS. E, (ti!iJ^Terr, of^;;^^;^:^!^'^ V ■• ■; lOi-uistjino .« '^'1 ■=' f>. of CW^o ■ M St.Peters Patrimony C^mp.ignii di R^rtut !:abino - Cntx de Caftello' Viterbo 14 m. S. E. cf Orvieto, J{ome ■ Nligliano 10 m. N. of J{ome , ■ !) m '; i M 4 r ^' 5. 'I'l 6 ."M u ml m i < ■' ■ ^1 : t il I -) il *« i '' ,.- 1 1/ 'i) 4 i6o T V S C J N r. Part. II I part H. (J Fforence Terr, of > Pi fa — - i Siefna c Prlnclp. of PiorrMno IfliC of glbai .._- LH Iciem- D, of<^arra'a and M<»^* Scate of Prejidii HpN.E.toS.W. — >N. E. toS. VV. I -^ j a;.?/7^ =4 m. N. W. of Pifa. K.Orbtnh'0 $ 5 m. E. of Cofmo;>oli. u The Republicks of{ s^Marim, r C8 m. N. E. of Pifa, Comprehend only thtCz.i/f^ — Territories cf thtTe^ two free Cities of c^. Mavim Sicuacedi ,i7m.N.W.ofMd § J. In the Lower Fart, o r The Kingdom of NAPLES. o V, Aoru'{'{o the farther- Ab>'u\\o the nigher* C/!? ithuitK\ or PuTjin Ttirra di D.iri" c o '-■3 C ^> ^r^ r<''rr/» a'/ Otranta — — — — ^f-i ' 7V;'r J di 1 avaro Further Prhicipate N'gher Pi\n:i^ate Bajilicnte '— ' C/i/j^r/^thenigher — 'j.'alakiathc farther— — j 15 Civitta di Chie PojJno ■-■■•*■ ManfredQiiia — Ban ^^^— ■ Or /into ^— N^-^pis Bcncvenfi — — Sal fiv— — Cafcnxe \Kegi9 / •f FromN.W y to S". K. upj >f on the At.' atick Gulpll 'From N, \Vj to S'. li. I! pi on thw "y\ rhenian Sci| fart II. h.xl). i6i XTJLT Q known of old by the Nnmes oi" IJ'fperia, Satumifi, LiitiuWy y^uJoTsia, OemWia and "J^nicula ; and now bounded iP^all fides by the Mediterranean Sea, except the North-Wed, Avherc it .QJns xo part oi trance and Germany'] is term'd hy its Natives and i>fatii^ |.m; Uh^^'* j hy the french. Italie ; by the drrnans, fta'idi ; and by the ll^^lijh, -iiaiy; lb cjll'd Casmoft Authors conjefture) fioin Itahtj, zn h^icisnt King of the Siculiy who leaving their liland came into this ICointry, and poirelTing themfclvts of the middle part thereof, cal- led the whole ItaliiXf from the Name of ilieir Prince. a'fJ The Jir of this Country is generally Pure, Temperate and iHcaithful to breath in, except the L^nd ofthcChrch, where *tis or- dinarily reckon d more grofj, and ujiwliolfom, as alfo the Southern li'ircsof xV/» / ;, where for fevcral Monrhs in the Summer 'tis fcorch- hd hot, being of the like Quality with the Air of thofe Provinces hSfnin, which lie under rl.e fame Parallels of Latitude. The oppo- Iti Place of the Globe to Itah^ Is char part of the vaft Vaclfick Ocean, lying becwem 105 and 220 D-grccs of Longitude, with 38 and ^3 l)^grees of South Latitude. §011] The So;7of this Country (it lying in the ■-'th nnd 7th North imat^ ) is very fertile, generally yieldini; in grent abundance the Ihoicefl: of Corn, Wines and Frulr. Is Woods aie (for r!u^ nuiif m) continually green, and wti] jlor'd with tlie belief wilu s/\! taelicdds Its Mountr-ins do aft'ord feveral kinds o^' Meral, part'C.'- Irly thole in Tufcany and Napl s, wliich are laid ro yield Tome r'c'j iinesof Silver Be Gold.IIeie's alio a grertt qiiantiry c frnie Alabaficr, lid the pureft of Marble. In Ihort, this ('ounrry is ji;. jiJ/'JiIy citetn.'j iiGjrden of Europe ; and {o (htely and magniiicen!: are its numeroi, ^ |lt;es, that I cannot Ojnit the fuilowing Epithet.^ commonly bel}rv.v.. on divers of them ; as Row^, rheS^^"c^; N- \nce, the Fair ; rmice^ the Rich ; Genoa, the Stately ; MiLwy theGrcvr.'.. iV'ilna, tht y4uc tent ; Padita, the. L'^arucd ; Bono;:ia, the htt \ L^'Z' k the Mcnh-inhzing \ f^Lrona, the Ch.ir>/.ing ; Luca, li.j 7-7 » ^^^^ !>, the Stnng. pmmoDitiCJff.] The chief Cmmm les of this Country arc Wine-v, pn, Rice, Silksi Velvets* Taifaties, Sartins, Grograms, Fuilian^, iil-wirc, Allom, Armour, Glalfes, and tuch like. I, ! -Hi. 4^ til . r-n: I f III i6 Lai .0 'J- Part 11 Vi^liich inefrc'M:arc moft worthy ofour regarr!,!lie:y '''Cing vcryui t!il in j^iviri^^ luinc Lij^hc to fcvernl pjris ofLhw- z;/?-/?^?/ lliftoiy. jj vicwingof wliicli Aiiticjuities, i fijall reduce them all to tlireeQ 1 Vi: Th ole that are to be feen in the City K)i P-imt it fclf. In the Kini^dum <}\ Naples, And laftly, In all other parts of/t cies. bell The moft remarkable lAomnitnts of A',itquity in /"^orj?" it fclf, ai thcle following, (i ) AiuphhkejLires, \\irtii.U;arly iJut, callM i\\c c jhnphitheatrc (now term'd the Coiij'dOy becaufe of a CoJoffdun Stati that ftocd therein) begun by Vcfpxjixn^ iind finifn'd by VoniiuJ/^^'^^^ ('-.) hinmph.il Arches^ as th.it of Co/.lt.uiihr^ theCr.'.it (ni^h to t iUJ. /irnphhhcutre) er. cled io him in V^z Mcrnjry ot his '^-^iitoiyo tain'd over the Tyrant Mixt'/.-r/^/f, wi:h this InCcription. Uh 4 !■ is, Fioii-iwi r.i.U, Ihjt of T. Vc(}.iji.in (iheancienttit of all f Tiiiunphal Arches in rso,i;<:) ereiled to him upon his taking jIijC I ty, and fpoilirg the T-mpIe of ycruf.kni. Th.it ot' S.:pti;y}'iM S:.vcr:ii,_ ' be feen nigh the Church i f Sr. M.n tin ". Add to thele, the ]>iiih:i'h |; Bridgt', whofe Ruins are ftill vilihle niah Tout /uwdo^ fo muclui j, putedofold, that by a Decree of the Sjnare, none of the meai ■ forr of People were Vuffer'd to tread upon the fair.c. ( 3.) lkrrn.i fi B.nhs\ as th(>re of tlie b^mperor j-^mor.iir.n riuu which were of a pr I tligious Bigncfs, according to that of Jriirauv.yA lA-iriellirrM^ w! tj tfpea king of em) la^ % Livxcr.t i)j moJ.im Frovini i.irim cxjl) uHa. fi. J W,i of .i/c';c.:.',\f('r,SVw'.'r;:'.^, the goodly Ruins whereof are to be feen n th.e Chu:th ofSr. EufiAikio; And laillv, the Ruins of Ihirmxi l}imivi.itLc^ itill vilii)le in Momc CvjiillOy formerly h^r>;js Oj({>in.il (4) Several remarkable riX.v-j, particularly, //it cairdCb^wul .Amnnino, creded by /!/. ylurclius /hr.oninici^ the Emperor, in Honoj of his Father, y^vtouiyiu-^ Pim^ and flill to be feeM i;i the Corfo^ b^ as yet 175 Foot high. Jk.it czWW CvAovnx J'rdji/hi, i^f.t up in Hono of Tr. {j.w, and now 10 h: found in MorJtc dv.tl^o. Thtt call'd Col^j i;^/??.vTi (ft n extant in the Capito!) ereOed in Honour of ;ii,'/j 2nd dcckt with Stem: ofShips. upon his Victory over the Cinl: ■ji.ws^Mc fame b.ing rhe tirft Naval Vidory obtained by the I^ To thefe we may add the two great Obaluks (one before Ponoi I'OpiiJo^ ard the other before the Church of St. fohri de l.iterayi}^ jnerly belonging to, and now the chief Remainders of the fame Circus Alaxiriiui, whicli was bejiun bv T.ir.iuifii'M rrifcm, augnienr| hv j, CtJ'.ir ^nd Atipuihui, and at Lift adorn'd with Pillars and S tues by Tr.i\.w zt\d^'h'diog:ba'rM. We m;.y alf'j add thofe 'Thr/ippa, and dedicated to all Gods *, many of ofwScatLes areiiill exrant in rhePaiJce c^ Jujlifiiiriy rcferved If re as a ViUddium of thatFjmih. (4 y The Maufoleum ylupufii^ itarS. /(fli's Church, but n^w ex^renif ly decavM. And laltly, fhe very Plate of Br jfs on which the Laws of the Ten Tables were ten, is Hill to be feen in tii-.:' Capitol. Remarkable Moniimans of yb/tiiuiity in the Kingdom of K,:\>Usy rethefe f(dlowing ; 0) 'i'i'.e G'Vyffc of Panjillpur^ being a larjj^e rt-wav about a 1\\\\^ P'-ns^ cut under Ground, q Liite thro' a [icuntain, nenrtheCify of K.:pJes, and made (as Ibme imagine) |;'Im(1v //>'.<; but according toothers, cocccius Nc:rva. (2.) Some mins of J j.iir j^,ripbi[hc:itrey and C/cfro's Academy, nigh lunuolo'^ alfv) rt,e Arches and Ruins of that prodigious Dridge, (being ree Miles long) built by CaV'^uLi l)t.-r,ween FuxYiOiO and I'aix ; to [hich Building ^';it^fo;//.«, the iliivorian, feems to allude, when lie pth that Emperor with his S'.ibihuflirrit's ih'fnu. (3.) ^^>^ ionr." t of 5.^/.c it I'clf, and fome Aichvs with the Pavement of the ;ry Streets, all vilible under Water in a clear Sun-lhiny-daVc ).) The Elifwfi Fields ; fo famous among the Poets, and extremely polden to 'em for their Fame; bv-ing only an ordinary Plat cf (round ftill to be feen nigh the Mace where the City oi' JUi.^ ftocdc, .) The Piphht MirabilU ; which is a vait Subtenarean Building 'h the Elifui'/i I'idlds^ dtlign'd to i/i2his Mother, nigh to the aforefaid 'dnx ; as alfo the Baths o{ Cu<^ro a nd Tritohi j and the lacx^ A'j^rvuty noted of old for its infedUous Air. (7,) Tlie Grotte of the famous hU Cimcea; nigh to the Place where Curnxa, ftood ; as alfo the tiph nurous lention'd. Grottx del Ciwc", nigh to the G'Otft? or JV/'/////'^ above- LafHy, The obfcure Tomb of that well-known Poet, 'irgil'^Maro, in the Gardens oLs. S'^verhio, nigh to the Entrance c;l|the Crctte of raufiUpm. To all chcfe we may here fubjoin than noced ,i'i." •er three to the Temple of ■^■upiti-r To7Uvs, huilt by Auiiiifl:n upon ( ,sarrow efcape from a Thund-ri)oIr, And finally, In the rank of Ljars we may place the famous Miuirhimy (Hill refervM in the ipirol) which is a lictlr Pillar of Stone with a round Brazen Ball '' ^ stop, erected ar fiifl- by yi up ujh! f C.t fur in Poro l{nrna,yw. Pom 't\\ */:!^'jf f >, I,. i'-.i, 'i 'H\ } 'Ti' Xgijr.'f or the great Palace of tlie F^oirti^',? Emperor?, onceexcen- Ig^j , |', ,,f|'[v [edover the greateft part "of the i') Vut /Emlia, reaching from Rim:a to Bologn'f and pav'd by Mmilv.i Lei^icns, Collegue oi Haminm. (, The old Temple ani Houfe oi Sibylla Tjhytina, to be fcen at Tivo'i, Town about fifteen Miles from Rome* (<, ) An Ancient Triumpha Arch yet ftanding near /Wwo, a Town in the Dachy oiVrbine. f(j The very Stone upon which /»/;;/ C^f^ir ll:ood, u-hm he made a: Oration to his Men, perf.vading cliem to pafs the Rubicon, ind 2(1 Vance ftrait to Rome. The fam" is to be fecn upon a Pedeftal In th Market-place of l^imni. (7.) A rare Amphitheatre in ^erona^ ereft tfd at iirft by the Conlul rlammiiti^ and repair 'd fince by the Citizens, and now the intiiefl of :iny in turc^e ; as alfo another intire at Pola'n Ijhia^ being of two Orders ofTufcmt Pillars plac'cl one above anotlie (S ) The Ruins of an Amphithtane in P.riv*T_, part of whofe Cour ( being oi an O^al Form) doth ftill retain the Name oi yirem%, (^ Many ftately Tombs oi famous M*'n ; p.irrJcularly that of .-Intmr] in P.idti.t'y St.PenrU in J{oT?ie ; wiifuh.it of St. Jr/ih'f^ in Mih.n, an iii^ny others, together widi v.ifl multitudes of Statues both of Bra! and Marble in mod parts cf Italy. Thefe are the mnft remarkable Remains of tli^' Rovja?i Antiquiriei no.v extant throughout all tiiis Country, As for Mod-rnCwkfii;^^ and other forts of Parities (which are obvious to the Eye of every or din iiy Traveller) a bare Cat.tloL^ueof 'em woul;^ fwcll up to a conll denble Volume. ' rvvereendlcfs to difcourfe of magn^licent CuilJ ing (partlcnlirly Churcfies) ancient Infcriptions, rare VV?ter-uo;k?| ^nJ many bold Pieces of Painting and Statuary, to be feen almod j; ^s'/cry corner of 7.m//. Every one is apt to talk of the bendinij Towe o^' V'fa^ the VVhifi.ering Chamber i-^VCaprarola^ the renown'd iloufj vtiLorettOj with the rich Treafury of S. Mirk in yeuice ; not to mcncioi the famous l^ati'tin ^ahxce and Lih^ry^ with the glorious r.nd fplendii l-'urniturc of the Rowan Churches. To thefe I may add the Several Maj^izines, or large Colleftions of all forts oi Rarities kept in feveraj Parts of ltAly\ pirticularly thofe in Vilix Ludovifiay belonging ^1 Prince Ludov'Jio ; as alfo thofe in the famous Gallery of Can^nia Sit:, ill Milati: But abo/e all, are divers Rooms and Cabinets of exotic CnriolitIe>i and precious Stones (among which is the fam-:>us Oia mond that weighs 158 Carats) all belonging to the Great Dukcol Tufrany, aiid inuch admii'd and talkM of in all Parts of the Civiliz'l World. Ecckli part II. Il.clenadkl th jr,.'.;», vnntaife, If;/!, pan, The rcfpc [iilhops of ^^Mri»a, ''»f:ati^ 'mli, ligHii 'iroliy cminif As alfo k refpefliv fMtua^ *avta, ilujfsf^ ^i'^^'Pulciatf^ Italy. Lclcfiafticks of the higlieft Order in this Country, are his Volhiej) the to^e^ and the Patriarchs of ycnice and Ajuikia. ar:|)bi^|;op;iuk5.] Next to thefe are the Archbilhopricks of .'•'•'w, FermOy :/'», Ravenna y.ritaifey NapleSf tiive, Ca ua, C.M^> SirhryiOy [.iT:-W;f, Airuilfiy r:/i», Soref2tOj [>^/», LoJi\a> BcncvcTitOj Thicti, Lanciano, Miiufredoniay Bari^ Ciren{a, Ka^arcthy or BarUtta, Frani^ Tarc7ito, Brinciijif OtrantOy P cffam, ( ofifenxa^ San ScverinOf ReggiOy The refpcftlve Suffragans of thcfe Ecdefiafticks are as followeth, ru:jop?icftsf. ] § 1. Immediately fubjca to the Pope, are the Icahops of Humana, I orett9, Rf analif A\c li, Ofmiff Camerin, CometOf Mq^ te FiafcOne, As alfo thefe following, being ex>^mpt from the JurlfdiQIon of |!ie ref^jcftive Metropolitans. 0,?«i, j^Iatri, Pernfa, fcrro, Fr^CfitiriOj Citta di U'l-i'if 1 Velitri^ citta de fflcilrinaf Sutriy CaflrOf Ui[:ati^ tepi, AreWQy AknOy Citta Cnjl llana^ Spoletify Jmli, Uorta, Norctay itnagniy Viterbi, Fcrni, yiroli, Tufcaneffn, Ndmiy h'mini, Civita yc'cfhiay jimelif, '■^11^, Bagnarea^ Todi, %ni, Orvieto, Rieti, Untuay favia, kyi'Pulcianf UnganQ, Cortcfiay S.irzanay FariOy terra' ay Averfa, Cajjino, At el' ay Rnp^^Ia, Cavdy Monte pelo^o, Sea la and ^vd- Trivaito, lo, Aqtiilay Melfiy Mar[ica, San-MarcOf Mvnteu'oue* § :. Suf' 1 66 Jtnlj. I S, §. 2. Suffragms to the Patriarch of Ft'^;/Ve, are only thofe of 7oY\eViOy Chiop.:. §. 3. To the Patriarch of J^iuikiji^ arc thofe of leltriy Concorde^ Trieftt'^ Pet in, Vi cniiy Cibo d' Jfiria, Citta NuQvX^ Verona^ PoLi, Padua, Como* Pardtj^Oy ■• §. 4. To the Archbifliop of M/7^>/, are thofe of Cremovdy loJi, Torto?ja, Viph-^ninOy Brejlia, Vercelles, Cjfdl SdVOfUy Vintimiglu* §. 5. To the Archbifliop of Turnip are thofe of TorcCy Mo?jdovi, I'oJJam, %. '5, To the ArchbiiTicp of Turaitaife, are thofe of ylojio^ Siort^ % 7. To the Archbifhop of BrJogviy are thofe of Pdrriflf PLiccn^x^ Kh-glOOy ModdtKlf Giirpii Crtima, Ihrpo, S. DominCs (;. 8. To the Arcbifhop of Gcr.ox, are thofe of jAlhcgn.ty Noli, Brugnito^ liobiOy Miriiyui^ yhcidf Ndio, §. 9. To the Archbifhop of I'kraice, are thofe of Pifini.iy J'ijjoli , Colii^y VoltdrrXy Borgo fiiH Sepiihho, Cm A di Sole^ §. ic. To the Archbifliop of Pifuy are thofe of S\\wa, Pimbifjo, Mont'^lchio.^. n arcir. Italy, 6 107 Oh itte. II A n ift "f'Kh LivoniOi LUCly Sj^ on, Akr'm. To the Archbifllop of Urhm^ are thofe of Senig.igH.tt fofjumiron^ Evpuhioi Fcftro, S. Leon. (;. 12. To the Archbifhop of rermoy are thofe of Sxyi'Severino^ Jokmuu Ahccrati. §,13. To thj Archbifhop of /^ix/t'wwi, are thofe of :i?0, :7ij hio. :ir.^it Britinoro^ For a, Ccje?]a) S^yfiTi.i^ }{imini.y Jmoli, Ccrvi.i, rU/!:-Ji ini. §, 14. To the ArchbiHiop q{ Naples ^ are tliofc oi NoU, Toiliiolo, Cer>\i, JfL 5. 15. To the Archbifllop of Crnu^ are thofe cf V'yt, '^rti, Cai.iiin^ Sep, Ven.-ifrOt Mfwt'CaJfifJi (i. 16. To the Archbifljopof S^tcy}io, are thofj of 'I'l'i^l^.tgn^tj '^^lO. rclicillro^ NuJ CO* S:ir?!Oy ALvfiiO 7:110-', Kocerji di p.tgyiij A^'crno^ k: 17. To the Archbifhop 0^ Jn^ilfi^ are thcfe of Littai, Cipri, Mi nor i. k. iS. To the Archbifllop of Ccn^a^ are thofe of Vho. i\l# Cjfii'l .7 Mare di Stdhh h-i^. To tlie Archbifiiop of i'orewt^, are thofe ci MurO^ iAtriinOi Cedngna BiJ'unH' Cfci, Jy) I . f^'*.f Iff I ■'iilN 1^ :' i' ' •Jir^n. i6S lulj. § 2o. To tlic AicIiblHiop oi B^u-ifCniB, arc tliofe of /I ( >/. Monte f^^lrano. Povi ^10, Ti'cn:oIi ylvclli ^. ^hdth.i di Gd- yh- vo. Fricmti . iau(. tbi. roiatt"' Tor l'olcvz/1, Dragonnritj / H' a. Gu.%r ditty §2 1. To tlie Arclibiniop o^Thictiy are tliofc of Crto)iH di M,Vi- Civita di rcnna. S>y7}:o):a, *f:i. § i:. To ilij ArthSiHiop vi' La^'cia7io, »irc none. § 23. To tiic ArchbiiUop d^ M'tufrcdonu, arc thofc ol T)oi,t, riju. SAii'Scvcyo. 5:4, Vo tiif Arclibillioj) of Bitri, arc thofc of Cfl7tnfj ( onvefja:to, RifOfjfo , Rwva, Bi(fct\ LnbieliOf MoniVviVo^ hlo^j'ctta. f,^o. To c I 'I <;, 51. To §. 52, To I Moi SJ3- T0I Vmi Wlh Tot) ■■-' im It C' lie* foil ,!i 5 25*. To the Arcliliiliop of Cirerza, are tliofc of AVirjly PotiUZil, Gr^njina^ Tricar ice. § 2<^. To the Archbifiiop of is'''{areih, are nonf. § i *. To the Archbiiiiop of irayti, are thofc of ,S '/p/ r'> yjfiiv'iit. I ij.gh § :S. To the Aichbiihop of Jnrcnto, arc thofu of Mji'.tu'j, Ca^^'liancttA. § 2^. To t.'ic Ai'chbliiiO,! Q\ nrtnd:fi, arc thofc of Oilun Oiia. 1 r\ kisdnct Co [War, and M i«evcr the (I'Hyapp:. i (hc/ht of I'iors, (:i)urr( ^^ngcn^'.TIi, ''^> ilimpui UMcyood loriuihVVa'i m n* Ita/j, f,^c. To the Archbifhopof Otramoj are tliofe of GdUpoli^ Cuilro^ AU(j'.ivo^ l.ecche. NurdOf S. /iluriu de LciiCiit VgC7ltOy (;. 51. To the Arclibifhop of ^,'o/)^/w^, none. i^. 52, To the Archbilhop of COfiJl?iiu, ace thofe of Montalto, h\ortQ)\ir.O. i. n» To the Archbifhop oi Sjvfcjcrino^ are tliofe ot Val'ciflro, Vmby'hiticOy Str())!gvli, k ]4. To the Arclibifliop of J{t^^gio, are thofe of ",.UltC(tf Cortovdy albuj OppidOy ;;■.;, ClcrMJ, Nnotcrj^ • ■■ ■'itfP ) Vriherfitics in this CouiiLry, liC'Lics tolluwing^ ju-jcnu arc thofceHabillhM it rlnrojcc^ M'amiu, Voiici'j ViVl.ly Vifx, PiVLl, i\ldUJ,y KU'ly Si c tin J ^ NupUs, Vcron.if ItjUi MiUry SukniOy P.i> m.i. mmtt&:] 'I'hc Nntivfs of thisCourrry (once the Triumphant )rU and Conquerors of the Woi hl)ar.' now 1 \\ ^iv'-n to tiie Art War, and M'llr.iry l.xploits, than niift other Nations ot /-.'/foptf. jwever the 'Aoaov It.ilrivs are generally rcpuud a Grj.vc^f{tfp^dlul li/'U^cvioio* '■'' ••: People •, elp. ciaily in thole things to wlncli they Ji.tiy appiy 1 .'-nvVlves now-a-;tays, vi^, stutii.wy ll'u)k<;^Arihiu'liiite, jjtlic/// 1 of i'»/ :m'?'^. They're alio rjckon'cl Obedient tu rlit ir 8u- liiors, ( lourteons to ln^'c:riors,Civil U) FqualS'if^d very Aifabk- to piger;;. They're likcwife in Apparel veiy niudclr,in I uniitLireot' I'jjlumpfuous ; an^! at thiir 7'ifigy toiid of whicu th<-y're Ibex- N cclilvely 1:1 *ll:li '\' h\ i i' ,i( 170 Ju/j. Parti ct'lFirely pven.tliat even n Hu.d ft Narrative would feem incredih As tor the Fenulc .SVx,a vulj^ar Sayinji goes of 'em, that they're /U /'/fiat the Odots, ^7/?;f.v in the Cliurch,Gflit^ in the Garden, i)^-^ in tlie Houfe, ylr^^ch in the Streets, and Syf cries at the Winduws' laiipanr. ! The prcHnt I .ivyu.tgc of It^ily is a Diilcfl o{ tlici.n/i whicli was the ancient r.ari'.uage of this Country : Almojttvci Trovince and City hath its jvculiar Idiom, but tliat of ht}ir,i\ reckonM the j urelt and bc^ft j)()linrd of all others, and is that win TerCons of (Jualiry and Learning ufually fpeak. Vatcr No}}cr\r\]^ lidtj runs tliiis ; }\idrc 7!nf}rn, ihc jl'i tie CiclOj fufniUifiAio il iiioyjoon yc}:y^i il tuo ^\'^il7)0 : fid j lii.i l.i tu.i volovti^ fi come hi rielo, cofi t'?;n one another, and not fubjeded to Head. The whole b^ < Serefore divided into I'j'/'cr, h\iLik;\ l.QVxr^ accoidini;, to the jrefaid Analyiis. T. The Upper (or lomh.irh'- bi-ing again divided in one Princi I'lV, Hve Ourcliies, two Repuldicks, and one iJdhtjprick. 'i'hati i'lincip-ility, 'fz-f. liidmG}!t^ li urider the Duke of X/v^;y. 1 he Diitchi^'s, z'i^ rhofe of Ak?/f/t/rjf, Aiihv^ I'lVm.i, M(A';7/.i, arul .1 I'.n^M'c under fevcTal ^o\eieigns : For Mw/'ijcrrji is i^ar rly umki i->t'7,\^ King, anil j^aify nndei the Dukti vf Xivny^Dd Mantiu. i\\\ js u d^r the Kingt/t Sriin^ for whicli he is dci)enilent on ihc peror. pjnv.i is moltly ui.der ics ov^n Duke, wliu i^ feuihuoiy tol Top , piyng veai ly iroco C.'rowrs Modem i^ under its own Dii who is ilep.e; d -r.r on tlie Lmperor. And /\.j)itu.i is niolllv iii'>!-ii o'.vn Puke, who is feudarcrv to ciie Lmperor. 'I'he two Reini!,',! being ( ; o;'e of Vefiice and Cevnu,t, ( >f whom particularly arti luj ar.- ^M-v m'd !>y fli.ir >enateand Magiftraie';. Tliconc liifhuji being that of Irexi, ia fubjcd to the Houle q^ /hijhii. IV IViOiu;-! Part If. Itdly. lyi commonly ftil'd by I{or,hvi Ctthnlids, the (l]\ic( rcij'.fi.i/iirl of aW iHlin^^lom'^ the l\itnjrrh of /(omc*, and the l/V// ; flu- iV/w.^/6' anil vipreani Governor ()f'/r.?/v; the Metropolitan oFtfiole J'>ini(^ps btitlVa- ^]n to the S^eof /(cm.', and Jiijhop of the niidi f,im\i, tor whieli he is H.-inager to the Tope, and ac- Icordingly fends liis Holinefs yearly, a White liorfe and 7000 Du- |c3ts by way of Acknowledgment. It is ^ov« rn'd by a Virc-Iyoy^ ap- pointed and fent thirher by Ids Catholick Mij llv, wlio is ufualiy |onc of the Chitt Grandeesof Spxht^ and is connnouiy renewM eve- ry third Year. Thefe Vice~l{oys (as in molt oti.er of the Sparijh *" iGovernments; during, thv-ir fliorc Kegency, doinduilrioidly endca- jvciir to lofe no time in filling their own CotK-rs, and that by moll :rievous Exadions on the poor S-abjccl:. So fevere indeed arc the >;u"'.''iii' upon tlie Nc:ipo!it.i>is, that the King's OHicers are com- | |r,oniy (aid tofnd in the Outxhy of MiLntj and to I'Icers the iHaiu! ".V/V//y, but to llej rtf' t!ie very Skin in the Ivingdom of .V.//.'/ff ; that the IVopI:.' of this Country (which is one of the belt in krcp:') arc molt niu'eiajjly hanafs'd by thefe hungry and lapaci- tus Vultures. Deluloa elb Princes in Jtiily abovcmentionM, there re fcveral others, who arc under the l*rot(Clion of fomc higher fowler, particularly i/-;»if of the E/vpt^ror^ thQ Tope ^ or the Kingt.t* nhi. To thefjovernment of ftjJyy we may add the four following Rc- publicks, vi{. thof:; oi .he (M Vcfiicc^ Luc.t, I Vevire, This Repubjick is under an Ariftocratical Governmcnf, f:S'>iicri.'i(T}jty of the Srate being lodg'd in the Nobility, or certa.ri umber orHamilies enrojl'd in the CoUkfi Bcrl^ calfd the n^egijler of* ki ycKCti.t?! A'('/7c.>. Th.;ir thicl Ouiter is the Duic, or v;ri;,t.', whole "'' "V'.Buthority is a meer Chim.rj^ and he no better than a A-e.rt'n^f Sh^. •^""^^''Ir, PrU;J<-i'cy b. 'n^-i: hecan julily Oai.t; above :hf other Magi- It 'h t p^ Italy. Part 11^ frfcUc^^;. Here are eflahlifh'd five principal Council?, 'w^. (i.jThat fcrnvl tY,t Crjni Couyicil^ comprriicn Iinji tii'i whole Body of the i\ob:{iry, Dy w-hom a;-,- elictcd all Magirtratcs, and enacLd aH L-ivv^ which thr-y judge convenient fur ;he Publick Good. (^ \ That cerin'd the Frcg^di, ( commonly call'd the ^enxte ot VenhV) confiJHng cf above an hundred Perfons, who determine "Nhttrrs of the higheil Importance, as thofc relating to Peace or War Leagues and Alliance^-. ("3.) The U/Z.-'f/ conhltiug rf tweniy fuur Lords, Vv'lude Olfice h to give Audivoce to Am&ITudors, and to report their Demands to the Senate, which alone ha'h Powtr to return Aidvvers. (,>) The Co inici I of Ten, (co.-.filMr;^ of ten No- blemen^ whoTe Office ir is to hear and decide a!l Ciii'iinal XUt- ters : ThisCourt (whofe Jurirdiaion is extraordinary ^rt-at) isi yearly renew'd, and three ot thei'e NobUnien, calPd th^C^pi, or ^''iuif.toriof St:iti\ are chofen Monthly; ro which Triumvii ate is pfligh'd fach a ?o«'er in judging of Criminals, that their dtfjnitej •■entLncereacheth the chieft-it Nobleman of the Stdt.', as weiuj the m.-ariclt Artuicer, if they are unanimous in their Voices. otherua)b ail t.'ie Ten are corifulLtd with. n a;;75«.r is un kr an Ariftocratical Government, very like tc tiiaf;of p\v//tv; for its Prjnri;/al Mf thi, CommonweaPh. This State ii puch moi\' famous for whir 'C hach been, than for what it ib, be. H;g now on : h.- d'.cayinii, H.ni i. At piofent it's i'.bjwd unto k\-t\ r?.l Sov.'rjigM^, varoUi l'lac>-s wi. bin its Territories belongir;; t^ i\ : Dak:'S -j*' ..Viv^yand TufAvy, iome free, and others lately takei by the f >•,'.';; /.. IH. I//i r ('i^MUg a fmill pree Commonwealth, enclos'd withii tlie TerrifKries of the Grand Duke of lufcv/iy) i- iir!d.t:r the (iovcrnl lasnt of Of:e Principal Magifiraie, caiTd the Govj\U(mh->\ chjr)c;cj able every lecond Month, iilhffjd l)y nr.ie Counldiurs, namVuJ ■.[htniy whom rliey alfo change every lix Months, du mg which tinif they I've \v. th' PaPueor Common-hall ; and Sup iiwr to themil the c;; niiConvcil, which conliltif g of a!)'.)ur 240 Noblemen, m heiin^, ec'iK. IP; div/iP d inttJ rwo Podics, rake their turns every luj Yeii, This Stace is under the Prottition of the li.mpcri>i iJi'iCi^ \,uvj3 uLid payeth him yearly Homage accordingly. tflviiig'loii] IV, Kcii:ton,j 'f^ors of rhl ''ors and .si iquilition :[ rchiedv, irous thin^til ■oiiverlion 'licChrirriJ Nlierin,oil M» as is g nt. But i^l^Headd courfe of 1 f-'-^>ofthe =T? o.rm?*] It being too tedicu'; to exprcf;, the Knilgns Armorisl c^f I-;;! the Sovereign Princes and Slaves in this Counrry, ardiOijiu- p=rfici.il to mention thofe of (-necnly; we Oii; 11 there fere (as a ;:de?vlediu m) nominate the cluci Sovereignties of Jtdly [vi^. the Jif-'i&w, the Dukcdoui of liifc.ivy^ and the Republicks of V^rnicz jp.J Gcioui'] and alfix to each of thtfc their j-eculiar Arms« Tiiercfore, (i.) The Pope, (a^ Sovereign Prince over the Land of [■-Church Of Papal DoF.inioiis) iK'ars for his E cutcheon, Guln^ Iconliftii'g of a longCapf, or Head-piece Cr^ ru;-mounced wiih a Crolspcaird and garniih/d with three Royal Crowns, togo her hich ihe two Keys of St. Teur placed in SdU'nr, (:.) The Arms wkfiUiy \r^^ 0>t live Roundles, Guh's, two, two, and one, and Icne ii Chief /.^we^ cliarged with three Flo wcr-de- Luces Or\ {],] Thole of Vtnict; are, /liwe, a Lion wingtd, Sejant <^r, hold- lir.g under one of his Paws, a Bot)k covered, /h-ojnt, Luftly, Thofe |(iG-'?'o«/ Jie, Arppit^ a Ciois Guks^ with a Crown ch s*d by rea- pot" the liland of Co/zfi belonging to it, which bears the Tide cfKingdom, and for Supporters arc two GritHns Or, H:Ii:ton,] The ItjAiuis (as to th.eir Fxi'Ihin:) are Zealous Prr- [lelTors of the Dodfrine of the K^rnj)! Church, even in her grclVJl l"ors and S;tpcrjiitions ; and that either out of Fear of the ourhiycy'^ nqiiilition : Or in llelxrence to their Ghoftly Father, the Pope : )rclnedy, by bein^ induilrici:[ly kept in weful Ignoi.inceot the I'^tcfl^m l3o6irine, of which th^y are taught many talfetind nion- Irous thintis. The yc? km are here tolerated the Pablick ExercJi".' kti(>t/> Religion, and at J\pme tiiere's a weekly Sermon for their -unverlion, at which onn- of each Family is bnund to hz prcieur. "hcChiiftian Faith was firft preach'd here by S\ i\'t'.'y, who wear, either in,or about th':; b.ginningof the U>vign of the Etnp:ro! Clju- p, as is g-p.erally tellihed by lume ancient \Vi iters of good Ac- [oiint. But whert'as this Country is theSeatof the pretended infal- ]!)le Head ot ! he Church of liorr.c,. no .'lice can be more proper lo courfe of the Do^rim o(il.\it Church than this i:-. And wh jicms th j [•'•:;b of the Romijh Church ( w ht reby ih: dilTers fi u.n all oLlu r Ch>i- " 1 ' ■ ' ', -1 lift I 'A\.\m \ ipi h 174 Pope Pius'i Creea. Part II fli.t>j Churches, efpecially thofe of the Preformation) are fuch, as s^, by her pr-r^-nded G> n/ral Councils ^particularly ^^j.zr of TrojC: lusJuueracUl.-d to the Chr'^flijiv Faith ; and endeavoured to imnoir the bclit-f uf 'cm, as fo inanyvVcTP y1rtiiieso( F^itb -, upon the reft of the Chi-ifti.in World : The belt Summary of her Dodtrine, as a true .»n1 iinqn. fi-ionaol - Body oi Popery, mjy be fitly reckoned that] noted Crctd oiVvy^c Fir.i IV. ch^' various Articla\ji whkh arc theie folio win;^. holy At the true iret thet l):v. / do of the ri^ 'Uftu CI Mankinc Confirma c.^rs^ a.-nc that of ti te repeati the receiv uA^rt' I. I believe in one God the Vather Almighty^ makfn Heaven and Earthy and of all things vifihle and invifhU. II. And in one Lord Jefiis ChriH-^ the only begotten Son (^ God^ begotten of his Father before all worlds^ God of God. Light of Light^ very God of very God^ begotten not madem ,;^^ fnief^i being of one Subftance with the Father^ by whom ^H thtmmyi ' j ^^ ^ ivere made, ^ \ken defim III. Who for Its Men ^ and for our Salvation came down from cer/u^j^ q Heaven^ and was incarnate by the Holy Ghosf of the Fim\ii /^^. gin A'1ar}% and was made Aian, \tit Cod a ti IV. And WM crucified alfo for us vnder Pontius Pilate, j^^Mmd the d fered and was buried. \Eucharisi V. A^id the Third Day rofe a^ain according to the Scripture^_,jj^ Blood VI. And afcended into Heaven, audfitteth on the right h'^iijefus Chri of the Father, I -j^ijole f^y VII. And he fl]a!l come again with Glory to judge both ^Wubfi ance" quick and the dcad^ whofe Kingdom flj all have no end, h'oe CatholL VIII. And I believe tn the Holy Ghoft^ the Lord and CrMj\\l^ j ^^1 of Life, who froceedeth from the Father and the Son, mchriff an With the Father and the Son together is wor flipped andglom, / ^^ r fied, who fpake by the Prophets, \the Souls fc IX. And I believe one Catholick^ ^nd ApoftolickChurch, hes of the X. J acknowledge one Bapttfm for the remijfon of Sins» XI. And I lock for the Refurrefiion of the Dead, XII* And the Life of the World to come. Amen. w--jj^fin XIII. I mo fir firmly admit and embrace Apofiolical andmbe had if clefiafical Traditions, and all other Obfervations and Cll. I dom Jlitutions of the fame Church. wffcd fi XIV I dolil^X pjnftj ar r ^ffer Pr M' IT. i reft , as a A that the:s '.ktr fible. Son madt pjit ir. Pope PIusV Cree^. 1 7 5 gV. / ^(> admit the Holy Scriptures in the fame fenfe tha^ ijoh Aiother-Church doth^ who/e hufinefs it is to jud^re of the true Senfe and Interpretation of them •, and I will inter- tret them according to the unanimotu ccnfcnt of the Fathers. pV. / do pro/jfs and believe that there are Seven Sacramenfs of the new Larv^ truly and properly fo caWd^ inftitutedby 'tefi'J Chrili our Lord^ and necejfary to the Salivation of .\Unkwd^ tho^ not all of them to everyone^ viz. B.'iptifm^ Confirmation^ Eucharift^ Penance^ Extreme ZJnclion^ Or-' I c.crs^ and Afarriage^ and that they do confer Grace \ and I that of the fe^ Baptifm^ Confirmation and Orders^ may not I I'f repeated without Sacrilege. I do alfo receive and admit I *M received and approved Rights of the Catholick Church in J 1:CY fnlsmn j4dminiflration of the above faid Sacraments. I thin^\l\, I do embrace and receive all and everything that hath I ksn defined and declared by the holy Council of Trent co?'- vnfromcernhig Original Stn and Juf^ification, he Vim^W, I do alfoprofefs^ that in the A'fafs there is offdrednn- _ I til Cod a true J proper and propitiatory Sacrifice Jor the cjuic'i^ te, j^'jl W the dead *, and that in the most holy Sacrament of the Eucharist- there is tridy^ really and fubflantially the Body riptur(^,wd Bloody together with the Soul and Divinity of our Lord ht i^^'^'ijefiis Chriif^ and that there is a converfion made of the whole fubftance of the Bread into the Body^ and of the whole oth tMl'.ibfiance of the Wine into the Bloody which convcrfiod nd, whe Catholick Church calls Tranrabllantiation. d 6VJ\HI, / confefs that tind:r one kjnd only^ whole and entire ]on.^ i^lC/jr/'i?j and a true Sacrament /v taken and received, nd g^'^WL' ./ do firmly believe that there is a Pur(ratory^ and that: the Souls kept Prifcncrs thsre^ do receive help by the Sujfra^ as of the EalthfnL . I do likewife belizve that the Saints reigning together with Chnfi-j are to be worfljipped and prayed unto^ and that they '0 offer Prayers timo God for pts-^ and that their Rcliclis are I arjdm be had in f^cneration. and(^\. I do moB firmly affert^ th'^t the Images of Christr^ of the Uejfcd Fir r in ti 7 rch, Mtis» XIV Mother of God^ and of other Sat n' '■♦■i^ V* I ,.'Hil f H H J * ' I I . & .) m w ^ ii m f 'I N OU^h 1 -jG Pope PIus'j Creed, Part Il.| ou^rljt to he had and retained^ and that due Honour anil f^tne'y^aUon ouaht to beoivcn them, XXI I. I doajfinti^ that the Power of I'ldwgences was left l;y\ Chrifl- in the Chvrih^ andti'jat theVje oj them is very Ijc. 7iefli'iiil to Chnflian People, XX III. / an acktiowledfe the Holy ^ Catholick and j^pofiolnlA Roma 1 1 Churchy to be the Aluther and Aliftrefs of (ii\ Churches *, and I do promt! e and [wear true Obedience to] the F.jhop .7/^ Rome, the Succcjfrr of S't, ?ct^v^ the Pmc? of the ylpoflUs^ and Ficar of Jejm Christ. XX I v. / do undoubtedly receive and projefs all other thir.rd which have been delivered^ defined^ and declared by tM facred Canons and Oecumenical Councils^ and e [pec: ally lA the holy Synod of Treat *, and all thinj^s contrary thereurA to^ and all Herefies condemned^ rcje^edy and an at hem A tiz^ed by the Churchy J do Itkewife condemn-, rejeB^ iDiJ] m^athcmati^e. SECT !i, -^V:^ u ■ :'.':!.'^' r', ,vi , '"-m ' 'Mm f ^m H ■f MQ m ."••^ ^"ir. ll-i 1 !■ 11' : m *'!.■'! .■*fi hti n. t 'i betwee 'betwee h.n'j In Euf I'.nh compr hcruls ..';f^ compi| iicnds =s»' ^art H' ^77 SECT. vir. Concerning Cutfep in Europe, d. m. Miles, r between <[ 5^ -?«f Unr^yK"-^""""' '' "'"'"' "^^- /between s ^ ' ?.of Lat.V ,^ /„ , i • i (•^^'' L49 ioi J. '5 C Breadth is about 6^:>c^ North' k ) In Europe being divided Into two Cl^rTess ^•the Dan: h. C South { Hum It ry- ri-:ncls — ~| {'B'tda J Mo! a \ Liffcr via^ (pr T rtary J Henn.inpat J Tergowuk - G ■ Crim iW. toE< e'via — \,:ith com pre- jBofma, -- heads "x '^davm'a'- C'oatia — Da!?nnt!a~ Cireccc *** o I \ H 5 Conjlantimph 15 . Eelgrx^c SE. tO W. ^ f oina ScraH i I-'offrga J \ SpnlJtr't ^ W. to S^E. \ Salonuki"' j Of all thcfc ill Order. « '^ i > /!. , I' rM 1' rjti'f/^ m \i . 1 •A V a '1 k¥ ■4-. }\ It l'^ i^' ^7 S 1 urkj in Europe. Hungary divided into Upptr \ -North Tin TJi-p r New bat! I I ■ Pest —- — CoIgc^t -- E Cafch ( W. to S. E. upon the cnes t-.ni?' vL'iy arc* Segca'n 1. 1 eivrr i iuuth ! > t 1 // . J N. to S. upon the 7,v Del; Great It j)\tdin --V "N. to S. on the E. of '.- G)>UU:i J G>'fiu a r L<, in Lovrcr Cfja ' kaniiji .til -5 VV. toS.E. on i[\LDahi VV.toE upon the /}/-.r. ' l'l'-'bhrg^ ahtcr ^Iha lU'^alis iipor. ■ The Chici Za/iVi'O'*- la Trd^'jfiivdni.i. ( Clwfe .1 eny-r g U'itvef — \ v to N upon t [le Sa /■iVi The Cliicf Towns :\iQi^t^nx»nark '\yr c lle:lie:ihu''(r. S upon the Ue rms- sUit upon the Aloula, In Fa Ltd The Chi'.r To.vas arcl ^^''^^^'f "J^'.oin N to S^ Turk) in Europe. In Moldavia, 179 Am ; ' ' r 1\\i Chief Towns are }-From W toS. ^^Ro7^/4nn Wi-ioar Southwar<^' In Little Tartar). ^Si'Ti-Pl^oIl He Chief Towns a»*«^^;,-^;^:;. The Chief Tcv/ns are In Row a /J id. < Co- J!aiitimpl In Bulgaria. Sophi :— T!ie Chief Towns ^xc^Sii'jhi.i- } From N. to S. I Co' flaiitimph " "^ ) j^ in Ample — 7 ( , . )Phtl:ppopoli, alircr 5 / ^ 5 om L. to W M-rom S. to N. l^- <.fri 'it! i n .'■■i • ' f i» i I ■ i ■ ii In Serz'ia. The Chief Towns are ("^Scopiii Guiil.vLiil \ridiin — From S. to N. From vS. to N. W. uprn the Marown, — ? From N. to S. .rnfrm — W'K U \i ; iSc T^'rl^j In Europe. In Bofnia, Tartl] The Chief Towns ^x^^ijaycza From E. to VV. l^ D'>miahich^ S'outhwai d. In ScLivcrJa. CPoPfa 7^ The Chid Towns ZY^ 'I'hna — ara' The Chief Towns arc ; From \V. to S'. i: Scoihatii — ) Ca tar a - <— — ^ Lailly, Greece [by llic Tf^rk^^ RumdLi'] compii hcnds the iollowing Div ifions. Viz W//* >:.'/* — " • - ■-■ ^Uufilia h pints — -■)E / ij Idem - ^ 'jann.i ^ / Mem ^ Xoithward. V u ' ->.v...- . Til the MlcKi'lc. "2 \ Livadia > ijV Mof'cflt b'Jng -outliward of J!/ Till fart II. Turk) in Europe^ i8i SilotUci — { lltKidini^^ are ^Zcu ria — Fiorina ■" Ccgni -~" Alhani^ are I TkfjUa are I pi f us are Ahaia are A/iirCi are N. E.toS.W- Scutari*-^ Ahfio Croia — - yalloHi* — >N. toS. -^ 'nrala •7 •Vfi. toVV. CaninA— Chi7ncra- But> i7ito I rcvcfa - Larta — N. to ?. (' J" Lcp.njto Ca::yi ( oliin Di'lpl.t ) y^.'/wiTi (olim ^//^f'W.rj MV. CO E. Maraton "V S:i-j:s ( olim Ihchx) ' J 'Corhify — ^\:poli fit Roma'. i a 'i oUchina' ""- ) \ Nit'li I gli the ?ea-Coa(T, aH ruunj the Pinif^fnh' Chiarcn{'' 'I' at (^(Jq-^ m THIS 82 Turkj in Europe, ^r^H I S vaft Complex Body, comjjrehen ding thefc various CoJ j^ tries above-mention'd, and the moll rcm^.ikable ot 'cm bc:nl J/ungajf Greece, and Lit fie Hioigary i we lh:i]l iiill: treat of thcfctlir:] feparatcly, and then conjun£l]y of all the reft> under the General ]] tie of the Dan^bian Provijt es. Therefore, § I. H V N G A R r. pM\\t.~}X^lTngary (which, for Method's fake, we dill con^l.T:] x\ un.lcr the Gencr.1l Head oi European Turky, tho'ajir,'. jntirely under the Emperor of Cerwatiy) contains a part of Punmi. wit hfome of ancient Gc>'^?^/J7?>' and Vana: is now bounded onih.I: by Tranfilvania ; on the Weft by ylujtriJ. ; on the North by i ow,: j'ropria ; on the South by S^lavon''i ; and term'd by the I^^lians, f/J gharict) hy t\\tt y^atuards, huvgrici-, by the French, Uungric ; by thj Gerfna?is, Ungcrv ; ;'.nd by the Englijh, Hungary j fo caird from llic.J cient Inhabitants, ihtlltmr.i or t'Uns. Qk\X~] The y^/r of this Country Is generrilly eHteni'd very i;i v.lioHom to breath in ; which ib chiefly occafion'd from much Mj i'-(ii Ground, and m.my L.-^keSj wherewith this (.'ounrry abounds Tlte oppofite Place of the Globe to I-migary, is that part of the Facilick Ocean, between 218 and 21, Degrees of Longitude, witl 4.3 and 49 Degrees of South Latitude. ^^it ] The .^o/.'of this Country (^r lying in the 7th and Stli N' r;| rjiniate) is very fruitful in Corfj and Roots, and various ibrts olpb fuu l^Vuif, aftbrding nifo exccller.r PaOurage; and feveial cf M")Untains produce Ibme valuable Mines of Cop(;ei-, Iron, Quirk'! vei, Antimony and Salt. Yea, (V» nor^id is this Country for Mii::j tliat no lefsthan fcv^n remarkable Towns gv) by the Nameol'' TuT\vi(^ the chief of which is Ch 7>ni iX, ^vhofj Mine h-nh been wrouLliI in about 900 Years. The Lengrh of the Days and Nigijts in llm'p\^ is much the fame as in the Southcri; Ci/clcS of Gtmn.jiy. Commrti'tC-Jl This being an Tftl.md Country, and thtriby h.iv no lettl'd Trade with Torclgn Parts, we my reckon the Prii:^ of the Soil the chief Cotiimoditics with which the Inhabitants c with their Neighbours. l\ni'itie'?.] Here are many Ntural Ciths. efpeclally thofe at f» i which are rtckon'd the nob'efV in Europ", not only for th-.-ir variety /lot Springs, but alib tht Magnificcj.cy cf their lluildings. There y\ likcwil 1' 'art. II cm bt;?,] hefe tl;r cncralTil part II. Turk) in Europe* iSj 1 con ^1:1, J f Panvdn ■)n tlu'L by loktl iiians, [/if c; bythi m\ the : J \ very i;ii much Mj / sbounii of the v.i| uJe, will Stli Nrr:| rts oi p'caj •cial ff , Quirkl for Mii;:J inc of II wroui;!! . in Hur.p\ ( bv hav, likewife two hot Bagnios near Tranjchin, upon the Confines oi Mora- .,4- and othsrs at ch^nniti in Upyr H'-ngary. Tii:{\a^s which, there are \V,iters in feveral Parts of tliis Country of a petrifying nature, and o- thersthit corrode Iron to fnch a degree,that they'll confume a Horfe- jliooe in 24 Hours. Near Efperief in U,>per Hungary^ are two deadly fountains, whofe Waters fend forth fuch an infeifious Steam, that -killscither Beaft or Bird approaching the fame; for the prerenting of which, they are wali'd round, and kept always covcr'd. gvc!jti?!)'P^t'^-^ ] y^rch' iJ})o;rkks in this Country, are thofe of Granj Colicza. t^isIjOpjitfe?.] Bijhyich in this Country, are thcfe of Nij'tracht, Raah, refprin, Great i^'aradin* Ik Tr )■■.-,' amUptRtie^ J Wh:^t U,:rjerpies are e^.^blifliM in this Country, jiiicc the rc-taknig it from the InfidcJ.s, is uncertain. f;"jj[nn:r0 ] The Hnii^nriayts (irorc addifltd to ^'ars x\n\\ Mlner^j^) V:\t generally lookM upon as gooj Soldiers, being Men, for the Xmo'X part, of a ftrorr,; .md wjII proporrion'd Bod*/, valiant and da- rng ill their Undcrcaking'^, but reputed crucJ and iniulting when [toiquerors. I'nSinje.l TIk' U'mgan'auf hn-e a p'.rculiar I-anf»iMg'* of their OWHf IvhicK hatli htrle 01 no Atfmity with rlioll: of tlic Neighbouring |Narion«?, five only the S-l'^'o ic, from wl^.ich it hntli borrow d feve«. \n] Words and which is alfo fijolci^n in f'-^nvj Parts ofrhis Country, lasth-; German is in orlv/rs. Pater A'o//.r m the llu g^rifin Tongue runs Itiius : My afya'-'c h 'Vtis.y a\ nnnni'^lbrf, i{cinch jf c m gn te n njcci: jojon hi ^ tc orJiJgod ; !tgv n r,icg.% 'e akii'.'t'oi^ wuc ,%{ Wt'ttyk'', uiy itt e{ y'do is ; a^ niimijhirintdjn kenyirunhit a i >ug 'dch.inc 7na : es hoc\.'4fd meg \%ir av:c a7^ mi vt L i^ikjt, 7nik'ppi:w niiis tn:'hoc\jt!iHc a^'knacy a\ kic Y' (llnmnc njet hc\lc7i:c: <:S nc vi^i >i-ink.t ii[ k^jlrtit e, dc l\abaMf{m^'g hixkct a\ gomj'i'cl. A>:'nn. i^' bitancs cmH /^'OtJci'iimrnt. ; This- Kingdom bdntj :\h\v>^ wholly recovered from t;ic f/rowT^w Slavery by the late l\icc> f ful ProgreCs C)f the Imperial Arms, is now dependent on the JiirililK.iioi^ ot the i"mptr'->r, who is liii'J King thereof. The AlK'inbly oftli- States conlills cf the Clergy ^ ofe at h variety ^ . Th«.^rc /I likeiv;J ii'''()«;, NobLmcfi and Fr e C/.\Vj, who iir'jijly nuer once every three |Ve,irs} which AlHinbly hah Powci co llUi -i,i' 1S4 Ttdrky in Europe, Part Il||PartII* the Conftltiitlon of the RL*alni ) oimiit to be a N.-.tlve of llura ' . jiitl to him belongs the inaiKigeiiKHC of iill Aiilitary Concerns, -j •^Ifo the Adminiftiacion of Juilicc in Atr.iii5» both Civil iuij C:j^ niinal ann^.] See Gcrmnny. Iflclijion.^ The prevnillnff RcUciov In this Coiintry Is rlu^r of tli Churcli of Ko;/;r, cfpccially fiiice the liite ('onqucils ni.ulc by the i;n^ perial Arms. Next t'> it is t!ie Oodrine of L«i/;(rr and C^/v';;, whicii is zeabnilly nuint.iin'J by grtr;it nmlritiulcs of People, -iAwd mmyfij ^cm are Pcrfons of coniicici.ibic ?>Jore. Eciidcs thele, are to be founj moft: Sorts itnJ S'c^iv r)f rhriitianS) as .ilto m:iny 'jcws^ and hlahort]anA not a few. Tliis Kuigdom rccciv'd the Knowledge of the Vi\^[\d CJofpel in the bc<'.iiining of the Llcvrnth rentury> and that by thi "indulhious rictclun-^ ot' yJlkrr, Aichbilliop oi Tiff^uc* m X.f- I itl,- § 2. G REE C E. n'-iiv" /^"^ f-JrtV^, [^ formally G'.tt:^ a n d f /. ///^ ; and now BounJcj Vj" on tlic ILill- by the .i>\hi cl.igo-, or .Egian Sea ; n:i ;| Nv)Uh by the Dtvm'i n Piovincts ; oji rh^' Well: and South by pi t)!' tiie Mc^ifirrr:>::a?i ^ca'^ is teriVi J by the Itniians ami ^*^,.''.i /.rjj Craiui \ by the IVtJuh, Li C ccc ; by the Gerriia' s, Gricch^' hind; -A by the Er:c;l;j^), Cr-.cce : Why to c.d)'J> is Vcuioullv conjcctui \1 bi our Modem Cnrick.s: bii: tl, nioll rtceiv 'd l)inion IS, th.it Niine derive;* iti Oiiginal fioni aa AJicicnc Prince of thac Cou;;:!)! C.dl'd Gr*CH5» ^aU'.J The /i r of this Country Icln;'; generally Piirt' and Tcrpa rate, is reckoned very ple.ifmc and healthful to brC'th in. Vi «)pp(;(*ire Pi ice of tlie Globe to Crcc e, is that Part of ch.e vad P;i:| fick Ocv'in, between 22S ' grecs of Lo.igitude, wiih jj iUjd 42 I.)egrec,s of Souili I.acicuue. 'S'Cl! ] Tfic Sc'il of tliis Cdiinrry ( it ly'ng under the 6:\\ Nntj Ciiinate) is not only \'cry fir f abj-anrs) fo raiv from the Poet, MiifjiMy the DifcipleoF(?r//^f«4, who was wont ther to recite his Verles. (8.) Some remains conj^.^tured to be fholeo the AreopAgm and Od^um^ or Theatre of Mufick. (9.) The Ruins many Tempks^ erpeci:illy th.it o( Auguflmy whofe Front is ftiil in ir, confifting of four Dorick Pillars ; as alio thof^- of Thefem, Benuk. Jupiter Olyrrfpii/jy Cuftor and Volluxy i^c. (10.) The Tor^^er o\: A-iihorl cvA Cyrrhdjlis^ or Temp'e of the Eight Winds ii-ill intire, (u, The P/i^wuri, or Lanthcrn of Z?ew(?/?/'^wf55 being a little Edificeci "White Ma.ble, in Form of a Lanthorn, which is alfo intire. For particular Defcription of all thefe Rarities, both zt Axhtm, arj other Parts of GVea-e, with many remarkable Infcriptions, buthi Cre& and Lmn^ Vid, Wheeler's Travels- 5trcl)bi0ljop?ick)af.] Anhbifropricks in this Country are chiefly thofcul Amphipoliy Larijfd, Tirfj, Athens^ Nldlvajiit, Carhnh. Salovikiy Adrianopie, r^'i %xi\muik^.'\ hJfljGp^uks in this Country, are chiefly thofe of SiOtufa, Alodo'/it Cminiti^f Mijitra, Argiro Cajiro, JDelvbiOy Biitrimot Giykifon^ SdlOfLlt Crariitii, 7hjll:U]l^ Amphi^u C^iUDcrlUtesf J No Vniverfnics in this Country, tho' once thefe cfth. Mules; bjr in lir'u i)f rhcni are 24 Moiiaftcriesof O/^^/jcu Creek Monks, of the Ovlejarefo wondeii'd •i;r^eiK'rated from thcii- i:'orcf«ichtrs, that inftead of tliofe cxce!k!| I part ir. Turky in Europe, malities which did fliine in 'em, pirficularly K^-owh'Jgc, Tniii:r.cej j;.j Vxlour^ thtre's nothing row to b-.- (cen amor.i;, 'cm, bur the v^ry |[(everle or Contrary of there,and thnria the hi^l.t ft .Ugrcf. iuch i; the Prfjfurd of the Ottoman Yoak, unclear v^hich th^ \ -'.roan at pre, i;nr, that their .S/u'r/n- arc quite funk witiiin Vm, and their very I \fp(.ft doth plainly declare a difconfulate and d< j^-cled A'ind. How- U': ST, the unt!:i): king Part of 'cm do lolicth; c-.nrkler rh: ir pr-.-fent jLi' \:!ii^SuL]eLlicn, thdt there's no l-'eoplc movc^oz'ijl and Merrily-iifposd, b:ing fo much ^iven to J/V;^^/>_^and Pancingj that 'ri? now b;.coi.;e a iProvcrbial Saying, yls mary qa a CrteL The Trading, Pain ot 'cm ire generally very Cunning, an! To inclinM to over-rejch (if they lean) in their Dealings, that Striv^i^i^rsdo not only meet with nuicli poreCandour amon^ the t'urks ; that if one Tjol'L-eni in tlic Ijafi to difcredit another's IVord or Pre;/;;// 1', his I{epiy is Itill at hand, I hope yon Um't take me for n Chnflian : Such is that JUot, w hich ' helc Impru- dent Pfofcffors of chrijiiunity have caft upon our moii: Hoiy Religi- on, ia the Eyes of its numerous and implacable Adverlarits. \a ynjiUSf-j The Languages here in ufe, are the Turkifi^irA Vulgar ~ ~ - ^ _ o o — — J — -- - J- o 'cck (the firft being peculiar to the Tu>l:s, and the orrer to the bifli^ns) a Specimen of the former (hall be rjven ir. the lalt Par^im |^rj/(i? of this Section. As for the other, I cm't oniit to mention the mighty difference there is betwixt it and the ancient 6';et'/l', not only in refpedl of the many lurhijh Words now intermixt, but alfo in the very Pronunciation of thole which yet remain unjUer- eJ; as I particularly obferv'd by convening with levcral of the Gr-:d ClerjjjV in the Idand o^ cyvruiy and ellewtiere ; and being pre> fent at fume of their publij k Prayerr. Yea, the Knowledge of the ancient Oefil in its former Purity, i^ not only loli among the vul- gir fort of People, butallb almoli extinguilh'd even among thofe lofthe higheit Rank, few or none of their Hcclefiafticks themfelves pretending to be Mafters of ir. And at A(L')u (once io renowuM for Learning and Fdoquence) their Tonj:',ue is now more corrcpt and barbarou'5, than in any other part of c7/ce:c?, P;itt'r-A'(?/?er in the bill Di decl of the modern Greek, runs thus : Vater hernjA, opios if^ Jivj tos Oii}\mom hjgUjrhito to OnonLifou, 7li erti he b.ijili.i fou ; to tkelanz wii ti.tiin^te:^ it:^on en tc Ce, os U ton Oitrxnon : To pfom: her?j.i^ doje be- hi^funeron* h^cficborjfi he^hOi ta t.yi/)i.it.i hemon it^onj kje hemMjifhon- hmn cLino'ciopou, mia ddikomkx men t:rn:s henus U to pirafino, alU yojhi hem^ii ap to k.iko. Amen, (?olurnment.] So iTiany brave and valiant Generals did Greece for- neiiy breed, t\\uSv\i',igcrs ufually reforted thither to learn the Arc ('fWar; and fuch were the MHhj.ry Atchievements af thhVto^X^^ both at homo and ahro^iy and fo far did the force of their Arms ex- Itend, that under ilv/nO^'^iit /Ucjct^^der wa5 ercded the tliird Potent Q i Monarchy \'-i '1 ''"« 1 88 Turk) in Europe . Monarchy of the PFoWi^. But alas! fuch hath been the fad Caufiro^];^ cf /Ifjairs in this Coamry^ and Co low and lamentable is its Conditioa at prefent, that nothing of its former Glory and Grj.niair is now to be feen. For its poorand miferable Niitives, are now ftrangely cow'd and difpirited ; its (once) numerous and flourifhingC/t/ei, arcnojir depopulated, and meer heaps odiiiins ; its large and fertile Vrovinc.-j arc now laid wafte, and lie uncultivated. Ana lately, the whole,and -ftill a great part of the Country, doth now groan under the heav/ Burden of the Turiijh Yoke ; and its various Divilions are rul'db/ their ref^e^^ive Singiacs in Subordination to the Gr^iHci Signior. ^mi.^ See the laft Paragraph of this Seftion. Kelision.] The eftablifb'd Religion in this Country, is that of M^> bometanifm-y but Chriftianity (for its number of Profcffors; doth fa: more prevail. The chief Tenets of the Mahometan JS^Ugion may be! feen § 4. of this Seflion (to which I remit the J^ader.) As for Chrifti.j anity, 'tis profefs'd in this Country, according to the Z^o^nweof thej Grceli^Ckurck, the Principgl Points of which, as it differs from tliej t^ejiern CbriJiUn Churches (whether rrotejlafit or I{oman) are thefe following, vi^, (1.) The Greeks deny the Proceflion cf the Hoi/ Ghofl from the Son, aflerting that he proceedeth only from the Fa- ther thro' the Son. (1,) They alfo deny the Vodrine of PurgmnA yet ufually pray for the Dead. (^) They believe that the Souls of the i-Wt//^/ departed this Life, are not admitted nnto the F.cjiufAl yi^^on till after the J{efiirre^iofj, (4.) They celebrate the Bhjfcd S^cri,] iriL-ht of the Eachxrift in both Kinds, but make the Communiam take three Morfels ofleavcn'd Bread, and three fips of Wine, in Honour of the Three Perfons of the Adorable Trinity. (5.) They admit Chil.; dien to participate of the Sacrament of the lord's Supper, when only] feven Years of Age, becaufe then it is (fay they) that they begin toj Sin. ((5.) They allow not of Extream Vnflion and Cotifirmation, and difapprove of fourth Marriages. (7.) They admit none into Holy Orders but fuch as are married, and inhibit all fccond Marriages, I being once in Orders. (S-) They rejed all carved Images, but admiL| Gfriilurcs, wherewith they adorn their Churches* Laftly, They oh. ferve four Lents in the Year, and efteem it unlawful to Fail: upon 'Saturdays, In their Publich IVorJjjip they ufe four Liturgies, vi^' ^ bat commonly cail'd St,fames\ St.Chryfo/lom's, St. Bafil% and St.Crego^j the Great's, together with Leflbns out of the Lives of their Sainti, which makes their Service to be of fuch a tedious indifcreet length, that it commonly lafts five or fix Hours together. The Fafts and Fe. ftivals yearly obfervM in theC,Vc';l' Chiirtb are very numerous; ani were it not for 'em, *tis probable that Chrijiianity had been quite <'xtjrp-ited out of this Cmvtri long *cre now ; For by means of the Sole ni nil i-"^^^ Part 11 J fart IL I Fart n. Turky in Europe. 189 I jolemnities (which yet are celebrated with a multitude of ridiciilou^ 2:id faperltitious Certmonies) they ftij] preferve a Face of /^-/jfg/fl» jnder a Patriarch, j^who refides at Conflammopk~] and feveral Arch- |t,f;-fl/;jand Bifiops, particularly thofeabovemention^d. But did we vi,'W thofe EcckfidjHds in their Inte lie cluaJs^ as alfo the lamentable |j:ateofall7't?r/(;?/--rommitted to their Chirge, we (hould find both jrjcft ^nd TtfopU labouring under fuch grofs and woful Ignorance-, hhatwe could not refrain from wifhing, that the ^viftern Churches Wchrijiendom [_by their Divifions, Impieties, and Abufe of I^or^led^c^ |r:ay not provoke the Almighty at laft to plague 'em likewife with the ■Me Darknefs znd Defoldtion, This Coumry was water'd with the iBlelTedGofprl in the very Infancy of chiftianity^ and that by the I powerful Preaching of St. P^m/, the Apoftle of the Gentiles, § J. Lutle Tartary. P.jme.] r Itletartary Q anciently T^nr/V^ Cherfojiejia, or Tartar ia, \"j ProcopetjjiSf being the Leffer Scythia^ and a part of Old \SxmiiiUy and now Bounded on the Eait by Georgia, and the River \]im\ on the Weft by roiolia\ on the North by Part of Mofcoviai and on the South by the Black-Sea'^ is term'd by the Italians^ Tar- Uirii Minor'y by the Spaniards^ Tartaria Me?wr'y by the French, La IV- uiti Tartaric \ by the Germans^ jQeine Tartary • and by the Erj£lijl)y Lit- \\k Tdrtary ; fo call'd to diftinguifli it from Great Tartary in Jfia ; as \i\[o Crim-Tartary from Crim, the principal City of the Country. Sii" The Air of this Country is generally granted to be of a I very temperate Nature, but yet unheaithfiil to breath in. The cppofite Place of the Globe to Little Tartary, is that part of Terra Uiiflralif incognita. Between 240 and 250 Degrees of Longitude, |wiih48 and 52 Degrees of South Latilude. M.] The i'o/7 of this Country (it lying in the 8th North Cli. Imate) is very ditferent in ditferent Parts, feme Places abounding with Grain and Fruits, and others,pefter'd with undrainableAiVjjI.vy, and barren Mountaivs. The length of the Days and Nights here, [isthe fame as in the Northern parts of Trance* CommotitiW.] The Commodities of this Country are reckoned ISlaves, Leather, Chalcal Skins, and feveral forts of Furs, which they exchange with the Adjacent Turks for other Commodities |they want. H3rit(t8f.] Some Travellers relate of this wild and barbarous Part lof the World, that few, or no, ravenous Beafts are found therein, O 3 And 1. i! :i ',» X I ■^n 1 V' f *> Jjifr !^" I 'S E if m i ^' f •urn f V ifl 1^ ■' f-M if 'I'M Kit < < ! it!:' I go T^trkj In Europe. Part HJ AndotliCrs tell u-;, That many of its Fens and Marfnes about ij mi-hiily wl Ii S lit, Wiiich is naturally there prcdut'd in ^jrudi^i^uj Qiia'irit'.is. r? ir(?j'i:n^vp?i'^3] JrchbiPjcprids in this Country. Non-^. ^:ilj.\ ?;.l;,'/-/7 7>rMrv are generally MwTi of vigorous o1>'.j1 ou(li.'-, tible lotn'iU! ail fhe Mardlhips of a Miiirary Lit, J au:: .ii '.n. o(' '?'n (being m •uM wiiii CoUriigc and Vi^ourt^f Mi';;! c. •!'.>; 11) ':o h i Sirciiiith of Body) prove the birlt of ScldicT-.l T'l^y aie ii'.pur.ed to In vtrv jail in their Dealings ui^h one ani.) th.-r, biu f:r otlurv^ile vrir.h Scr^ng'rrs. Mary of 'cm are n.ucii <..;• dieted '■0 Pillage, and they Uiiially feed up'jn :lor:e-Flclh. T "no,trf:c. i The i.njguJ re of rhe Crlm-ljrtnrs is the i'ryr/v./?/, (.n purf 7irfj>!'/'^;/t.% which hath !uch a r^^f^mhlanc-^ to r.hj /.v/i/ji.-.as tr.e SpDi'Jh 10 I he- yt •/•■.n/ ; thirPj l.i t irs ant lurks unci rft.indlng one an- oti' 1, as !.ii():e ot Itily and 6'/;a;V;. The Wrj^/' (' is l^.cre u arnM A .Scho;)I, as in iroft I'.irtsof Jmly, Vatcr-Noiicr in \\^ Lirt.ire^j^d^^ I'lms tJur. \ y'.'.fh.i vj?nyd C'.yhoUj. f:^ ^'F-,''f ^% ^'^o>' /Vp^wn ruii ukfl /.(o?;:,; chmluilov^ Ifcl I'uv /■■> wiip^ drkl)'^^ akigidr dn 'vkd'huvc'r vifum v^nr,ii.\ luih 01 mA' till wiifcK vOiU'Oii kit vifiim uifuch:v^ doi bffdichx i: •]:ll;^riy, bijum j.ifoih h'UiniJifi^ d.itci:>a kcti):.t "jifu jUinUfUtt^, illu /i^irtj i'ijhni,^\-\ tiu^idutii. /hiii^i. Co.:a"n ' nir.j 'i'hii, Country i.s govcrn'd by ifs own Prince, coir. m.ifiJv term"d thc(V/;.;r/Z of futvy^ wlio is uad'rr the i-roudion (.ft'.:.'| i'i:t'M r.iii, 'AhofcSovercii^ncy h--' acknowledjj-. tii by the ul'ual Or. mony or r^'C'vivin!/^ a .Siaridard.The (7>\j?;j jV/^;///ci>- aduiliy poif. iLiiil Jbm^.' VmI of tlii:» Country, an.l maintain!* on- B^glicrbt^^ ami two ^■iv^'j.hy in ile I'iaccs of !^:cntcft Importance; As alfo, le d^ tains as Ho!l>i^ , li-.* apparent Sncccfloc of the C/ur/;, wiu) is ir- fiiiiarily cither liis Son or Brother. To all which, the Turt^rs r^^d,,'; yield upon the Account of an anci^nc Compad ; whereby tliij i'lrhfi Lmpiic is laid io flcl-.end to 'em, wJienever the Heirs-nuu' ct the Ottoiun Line Ihail fail, avnio. ] The Cham of Tuft.ry boars for iiis Enli^ns Annoiial;. <' three Gritiiub ^'^^7:, aimM uuia. '^'^ Illpart 11. m Turk) in Europe. 191 Sc!i5Jon.] The Crim-Tartars (for the moft parf) are zealous Pro- ;. -ars of the Ma ho met Lin Do till nQ^ except f.-m- who continue itiil ■ Kin; and intermixt with therm arc many Cbilj-iins, efp.cialiy (;,-^i'h ZindyhmenianSy beiidcs a coniidtTAble number ot Jinmur! ' ]cL' v'ulick';. When this Country was Hrft watcrM with the Biclled oo'pel, IS not very certain. im\t- § 4. Dtnubian Provinces, 'pHE remaining Part of Turky in F.urope [ bounded on the Eaji by Por.tf/f ruxifiui an.l 'h^ Prop'jutu y on the iWfi h\; Hmgiry 'y on the North h)' roUr.i \ and un the Sow.h b^ G'-Jcfitfj is here conlidei \\ under the alTum'a i'itlc of Djivnbun i^io- vifices. This we chufe to do upon the Account of chtir Situation, b.Hng near unto or upon the Banks of the Ddnu'u., Buf lince eacfi ofchvfe Provinces requires a pLCuliar Etymohfiyy take the fame as foHoweth : (i, TravjilvavtA (the .incicVt D.icix Nitiiitc^rxnc.i) 10 cali'd by the I[o:yiA>is, ^iiifi travs fylvA^^ it b.in;.', formerly ci^con^paf- i;d with vail mighty Furtlh. ( .) Vdluhli, fp^'"^ ^" ^''■' ^-'^'^'^^ <^^^" niptedly fo call'd for Fhccij^ which Ti:.l' came trom onf FLiccui, an a- cient General, who made tha^:. part of tl;e Counrry a ^'7?n;tw Co- lony. (3.) Mohiavia, (the Seat of the ancient Getx) fo call d from a litrle Ri\^erof the lame Nam?. ^J F^-m.iv,ui, (iha chi^'fcit Part of Old Jhracc) fo cali'd fiom 7^;??7i Nov.:, viz. Covj}.ivv.r.op]>:. {<:.) ihil- fir'uy or rather WolgvU, ( th" Old ?;(/7;u) fo call'd fiom its In ha !)i tan r?, the C>oitcs, L.^ftly, DiU r,iiti,t, (inucii ot the ancient /A)/ i.;«w) l)Ut ai for the Etymology ot that Nam it's not yet ti^reed upon among Ciitic «k Jt ^ii*'"! The /;V of thefo various Provinces doih mightily vary, 3C cordina,to their Situation and Nature of the Soil. The opj)or)Lr Place of the Globe to th^m, is that PaiLof the vaft PaciHck Oce- an, between 22; and 255 De£,recs of Longicude, with 42 and 48 Degrees o( S'cuth Latitud;. •^rOfl 1 The Soil of thcfe various Piovirces (they lying in the 7th and Sth North Climjic)c:innot reaibnably be exptded to be the fame in all. (rcAiix U Cuhl and Mountainous, yet pioducin^ a\\ Kccefjinc . O 4 ^^'•: ;\\i ii li 192 Turky in Europe. Part. II, for the Life of Man. ServtA much more Pleafant and Fertil. Bulgmi Unpleafant and Barren, being full of Defarts, and ill Inhabited! MoliavU more Temperate and Fertil, but the greateft part of it) iinculrivated,'i^W(t»M affords great quantity of Corn and Fruits,anclj feveral of its Mountains produce ^omc Mines oi Silver, lead, ani. y//«nr. The longeft Day in the Nortkmofi-^^rt is about 16 Hours J the Ihortt'ft in the Southmofl is 9 Hours,and theM^git^f^proportionably! CommoDfticf.] Moft of thefe Provinces being Inland Barren Countries ( except /^m(zw/j ) and therefore little frequented byl Strangers; the number of their Cowwo^mw can't be very great ;j lave omy tliof- exported from Stamboul, which are chiefly GrogrnA CawblJts, Mohxir, c^rpetsy Annifeeisy Cottons^ GillSf and moft other rich lurkifi) Commodities. Karttifff. ] In one of the Mines of Tranfilvmitvi^. that at J^miln Vominurdti, are found fometimes large Lumps oi Virgin Goldy fiCfor! the .W/wf, without any purifying. (2.) Other parts of this Country 2i\.\ ford fuch vafl quantities of Stone-Salt, as to fupply all the Neighbour.' ing Nations with that ufcful Mineral. ^3.) Near to Engueiine^ in the Ume Principjlityt (the ancient ^ww/hj??) are fever Jl Monuments oij JIntiquityt efpecially the Remains of a large Military Way, or long Caufway made by one Aymim^ aCaptainof a I{pmin Cohort. (4) At Sp/jLitro in Ddmatidi are the Ruins o^Viockfians Palace, in which he took up his Reiidencc when he retir d from the Empire*. (<,.) Here is alia an intire Temple confecrated to Jupiter^ which is of an O^o-i gi^nal Form, and adornM with feveral ftately Pillars of Porpliyiv. {(>') At 7irii in the fam' Province are many Ruins of /^m^?; Aidii- leaure, and fcveral Heat, ^/fin, iiill to be fccn. But what ncftiy defcrves our regard, are thofc Monuments oi Ami ({uity^ as yet extant, in or near to CorJhntinopJc^ the chief which are thefe following,, vr^, (r/ Th-' /lippndromc (now call'd Atmiian^ a word of like Signihcat'- on) in which remains Comf {{^te\y I:iieroglypkiial rillivs, particuiailv one of i-rypf/.;;; dianlre, 50 Foot long, and yet but ont Stone; ar.!^ another ofBralSj only 14 Foot high, and in Form of three $c\- \x nts wr( ati'Vl tof.ethcr up to the Top, where their Heads fcpaiMte, ixwn !i)ok three diflcrent wavs. (?.) South of the JJippodronie, is that C>ol^nin commonly callM ih^ I/iJioriiul Villtr," curioully carv'd tror.i I'op to lk)ttom,^ c-preifing variety vf If'df tile Aclions, C3.) Weftot tiie Jj!p;nJromi,', .d another Colimin of Vorphyry, brought hither Mor.i f\Oirie by Cwlfanti):r the Grcdt, which having IntTerM much Damage.* hy Fire, is now cnlTd the l\ii>nt rilLir, (4.) Ni>L)i the Mouth of tht; ^Itrl: Scdy isaPiDar of the Conrthia7i UviUr, aiiouc 10 Foot high, v/uh an imparled /;;/I'7/'t/r»;on its Bale, vulgarly callM rcvipr/i lt'< /?.^',which hiih. b'vcn probsbly crcdcdlor a St.i-m^i^k by Day, aj, ti;;: Larit 1)011 't. II. abited, lours, >nably! Barren itedbjr great ;} Other! i Ir long '4 J At, ^.ichhe I Here oao. Ifartll. TuTky In Europe. 195 pthorn at rhanari is by Nighr. C5.)Froni the ^/jrl .?(?<« to the Ci- toi Covjfaminoph^ reacheth that Uob\c Jquedufl^ made by the pmperor Valeminian, (whofe Name it rctaincth) and repair'd by mmn th: Great. To thefe we may add, that Noble Pile of Build- Jjr^, S^'fifliSophiai formerly a Ckriflian Temple^ but now a Mahnmetm |'i/^«?i for a particular Defcripcion of which, with the other Re- Lrkables abovemention'd, fee Sundjs, iVkccUry spon, with other (jlodcrn Travellers. gtcI)l3ii6ljop?tcft?.;] Here is one Patriarchate, i;/:^. that of Cot?/} ami- f^lCy as alio feveral ArchbijloprUhy efpecially thofe of Chdcedon^ Trajunopoli, Sophia, Antivuri. J{agufa or F^guJJ. Mop^uM.;] Chid Bijhopricks in thefc Provinccfj are thofe of Poffga, Bclgrj, de. ZagrabCf Scurdonx, K^ircfi:^ ty CdUaro. 3iitDCint:efif.] vniverfitks in thefe Provinces. None. O'aiiiiCt^ J Thefe various frovincest are inhabited by various foits iJfficopIc, particularly theScUvo^ia'fjSy who arc generally Men of a Tohult and Rton^Corifliiutiorif and very tit to be SoLikrs. Next, the \mu, whoare elteem'd to be Perfons fo Vdliivt and Faithji'.l, that lityare entertained by manycJcvr/uw Princes as tl.eir G/uy^i.Laft'y, J'^\(^ St'rviuns 2ind Bulgaria>iSy who are reckoned very Oucly and uni- hrldlly 2,ive(i to I^Lberj, But as for the naturalT«/h, they aie thus Piaraftcriz^.l, t'/^. Men of a fwarthy Cowp/i/xiow, Yobui[ Bodies, o^ j^ood Sfuture, and proportionahly compae'tcd : Men who(tho* ge- bally addicted to fomc horrid V ices not co btf nam d among Chri- hm) are yet Perfons of great hnegnij in tlitir Deulirg^, lb id Oh- rrvei> of their If'ord'j abundantly civil to otrd>!gdrs, extraordinarily tk>ii,ih!e after their own way, and fo ^..... ..- T , -~ ^-- p./'/c'venjoin'd by th h I'lr '1 n jf*, i* 11 «i : ( ^ t 194 Turky in Europe, Part. llpa^'t H- with whom they walk. Walking up and down they riv^ver ii'e, a?] much wonder at that Cullom o\ Chrii^iarr^. Their cliicf Ktcrc] tions -dieShoGthig with the Eorv^ and Jhrovntig of Lances^ at bochi which they're very dexterous, tiinjaage.] The Sdrjonuin Lang'jage (being ofa vaft Exrent^ us'd not only in all thcl'^ I'rovinces, tho' with Tome variation ;] Di-;, Iwfl:, biif nl:o in a £rc2t l^art of EicGpe befides; the purcit Di lect ot wl^ich Tonfj^uf* is generally ejteem'd, th.it peculiar to D^h] tiji. A'l for the Turk'jh, ( wiiich is originally Stlivonim, and row tL prevailing Lanf^uage of thefe Province^ ratcr-KojUr intheHimJ runs t'lus ; B^ba;nu;^ kans^hj ru'cjelj''j'f! : ( hudufs olijum fiChiivgh akn Gelfo'n firjnmi^ mcmkchitiir. . Olf'urn l^-.vuyip liUpuvkvy-'jj'i gupthruk ^^nii eih.ime pur'W:^i hcrpunc'-i vdrc h:>* bu \^iit\ h-m b.i'ijJ. ui:(d borjlygomo^-j^rs-'^ bi\'(e bujlj.rux boyfetighni'.mofi, km jcJ.mx i'/\e f/ hcn^mc^ J.i th>",;, • bi-^J)xr.ir.uii.in. yinu't:, , if^obernirfUN] Thefe various Ccuntric; confiderM under theTi:lJ of Ddfud'i.iv provinces do acknowird^':: Subj.'di.jn to fcvcral fov reigns, particulariy as tclloaeth ; iyivhbj.ir.'n is fuhji-d to irsov Prince or fr.jyn-/}.ic', fv^'^r«{? 16S.S. I^i/r, .v,ji j ^ tulgxrit. and i'L'rt/j, are whc under the Titrl:^ and goveruM by rh.-ii- rdp-dive Jk'ojifrbcgu scJ 'DOtii.i and F'of/iix (\q o\yii the t'.niperor. And laftiy, /^///«ir/j, i( partly under the Voieti.ws, and p.iitiv i:n 1 r the7/i>h To rhcGo vernment of theie Provinces wc may fui)); in the /{t^publick ^f Rj^^ \vii(»!c [nhabi'anfsare Co afiaiilof lolin^ 'h.-ir R;i;h:s and Liiv.rtv t>' kit every Monih they clunge their Rcdor or 'gnn, crcittd wiih a Tuiba'u, thdr^Vi w • il;: Ifjitll- Turk) \n Eur Of e. 195 |tiire-BUckriumesorHeron=; Quills with xWi^^iotto^ Donee totum \:l-:gtOthi'rii, As tor thtr anclcn: Arjns of the Edjierti Emperors be- L-ofls lil'^ ^-^'^^ ^^^^ Oiiomdfi rjiriiiy. They were, M.-^ry, a Crofs i't?/ ftecAixt tour G>'S!^k Ih'u'Sy ot'ihe Icconci : The tour Bct£s fignifyir.g \.:'iKiii Ba.-Jihic-r,>t hciJiMuaov Hu-TiAiC^iy i.e. R^x ^{^gumj K^^timn ilrliSi^'i*'] The fnhal^itsnts of tliefe diiTcrent Province:ur. It enj-.^ns Abili lence troni S Amines Flt:jh and [.'i.W^ and fuch Animals as die ot tlicmlelv^ii. It promifeih to y.ujjuitr.en ('or true Believers) <\[] mainicr offcn'u 1 Pledluresina ijiiireScitc. Itallows of an unavoidaLde Fatality in tvcty Thinji,, isiid favours theOpirdon of TutJ-r An;.^r:l':>. ]>ut to be more par- LUldr. The Followers of M.ih/nct do readily (;r<^nt. That the Writings both of the Prophets and ApoiU-.s were divin- ly Infpii'd, bur alhdge that they're To corrupicd by -/c'Tri and chilUaKs, that they c^n'c b^^ admitted for the PvUlc of Faith. Th.y further be- llieve and all^rr, That of all llevcaf 1 Imiifution:; in the World, iofe in the AUorrn are only O. vine and PertVch Thit God is both lE'L-ntidly and Perfonally One; and thvit the 5on of God was a i^'cr Creature, yet without Sin, and miraculoully Eovn ofa Vir- l^in. That Jtfxi Chrijl was a Great /-'rophei, ardti-at having end- uihis Prophetical OiHce ujuin Earih, he acqaainted his Follower^; d'thecoirin/, i^{ Nijibornet. Thar C/.r.jr rJcencte 1 into Haven with- iJtfiiticrinLi, I7earh, another b:in(7, iubliitut; d in his place to Die. Tea Man is not jiirtih-d by F.iirii in Chrift^ bu*: by Works enjoin- tlin the \iof~uil l..iw and i\\c Ahor,iy:. 'i'hat Poly,'i,amy (accord- ing to the Eximple of the Anci' nt Patriarchs) is Uiil ro beal- io.v'd(>t •, ris aliotoDivorcr the WiNr upi n any Occalion. In fhorr, Mximictdnifni \^ a IsUdly ot l\if{.wifm, '^'uJuiffiy dindc!:n(i iutiny \ by •diich means, th:r Grand lnipv)l+()r ('its Founder) did cunningly .:i.i;j,in(- f.o gii'i t^rolelytts ot all profeHionj'. But wlxreas the j-U- 'Kin'is tlu- JutUJh Kuleof Faith and Manfiers, lc>r us more particu- I^uly conlidirr ils Frtcepti, and that chiefly as they relate to thtt '■'rincipal Headi thereof, v/,;. Cirnmrijiov^ fiiUrk^ Irjyers^ /llm^y ■■ft m » *^ :^!i •'lit; % I', h$M .1 "X -I ^ of the Aio/j/Vjl' Law ; and the Mahnietdvs ftick clufe to their '5 \')r.m'^ bv which they are tau^JiL t\w Ackno\^l. dement of One \ JGoi, and t\\d.i Mdhoma is his Great Prophet, In alio commandeth Ciiihlren co be Obedient to their Parenc^ andan!)ro\eth of Love ♦k T 'A 'if n ig6 Turky in Europe. i\ I 51 i Tilgrimdgry and Mfltnencj; from lVine*{i.) €ircumci/ton, of the varioj Sacraments in the Old and Nc^rv Tejhment^ they admit only of Cli cumcifion. This they reckon a bfolutcly neceiTary to every A^«/r^ man, efteeming it impofTible to obtain Salvation without it ; whcrj upon they are very careful to perform the fame, and do celebrat the Performance thereof with great Solemnity. (2) Fafiirg^ pari cularly that extraordinary Faft, or yearly Lent, call'd kt^mudan oj fervM every 9th Month, and of a whole Month's Continuance ;'(ii| ring which time, they neither Eat nor Drink *till the Sun goes dowil they alfo abftain from all worldly Bufinefs, and from fmoakingthei beloved Tobacco, yea, even from innocent Recreations ; and iivin] referv'd aurtere Lives, do fpend moit of the rime in their A/o/jJ frequenting 'em both Day and Night, They believe that durinj this Month, the Gates of Heaven ftand open, and that thofe of ifej are fliut. (3.) Prajeri This Duty is of mighty requeft among thenr their Prophet having term'd the fame the l(jy of Paradife^ and thi very Pillar of Religion, whereupon they are frequent and ferrenj at their Devotions. They're oblig'd to pray five times every Da;; and never fail of that number, let their worldly Bufmefs be ncvej fo urgent. C4.) Jlmst Every Turk is bound to contribute the hun^ dredth part of his Wealth towards the Zagat or AJms^ for MainteJ nance of the Poor. Befidcs which, they frequently make large vo. luntary Contributions ; yea, their Charity doth not only extend ic. Self towards their Fellow-Rational Creatures, but even the IrratiuJ na!, as Dog*;, Horfes, Camels, ^c, whom they carefully maintain ial a kind of publick Hofpitals, when thro' Age they become urelefstol their Mafters. (5.) Pilgrimjge^ vi^. That to Merr^, which every MufiuJinan is bound to perform once in his Life-time, or, at leaft, to lend Deputies for him. Thither theyrefortin vaft Multitudes, be- ing commonly 4'> or 50000 in Number, over whom the Sultan ap. points a Commander in Chief to redrefs Diforders that may hap- pen on the Road. Thi-? Officer isfollow'dby a Camel carrying the Jirora?? covevW with Cloth of Gold, which fan£^ified Animal upon its return, Is adorn'd with Garlands of Flowers, and exempt from any farther Labour during the remaining part of its Life. The rmJ tto likewife vifit tht City of ^erufalem, but that more out of Curio. fity than Devotion. They liave alfo a great Veneration tor the V'\\kyofjekofjphatt believing it fhall be the particular Place ot the CJenerdl ]iid?;mcnt. Laftly, Abflinance from Wine is likewife a Pre- cept o\ t\\c /^\lcorjiv. But of this they are lefsobfervant than of any of the former, for many of therichcft iort of 7Mrh are great Ad- mirers of the Juice of the Grape, and will liberally tafte of the fame ^n theirpiivaLeCeibals. Thefe various Provinces were atrtrttin- ftnictca in tu^ ChriiUan Faith at ditFerent times, and upondifli- rc n: Occaiious, SECT fart II* «97 SECT. IX. Concerning the CutOpean 31flantIjS. A V I N G hitherto TravellM througli the various Countries on the Continent ^ikurope^ let us now leave the Continent, and |c[ Sail for its Ijlands. And whereas the Chief 3f fiich Illands, are thofc term'd the "Britan- h|ic(3 ^^^ "^ fi^*^ ^^^^ ^ particular Survey of Ihcm, and then a more general View of all \k reft. Therefore, i\ j'i ?:? ' ■ m : ' ■ M ^^^f ill! riih^l' L Of the Britamick Ijlands. rH E S E lOands being always confi- der'd as divided into Greater (] V/^. Ifhole oi Great (Britain and Ireland ] and Lejfer [namely thofc many litde ones furrounding pitain ) I fliall begin with the former^ com- prehending in them Three diftind Kingdoms, [and One Principality. And fince our manner )f Travelling througli the various Countries on ft^ #'^8 European Iflarids. Parti! on the Concinent of Europe^ harh been fi:ill:( proceed from ISiorth to iuonth^ I fliall t!iercfo;i continue the aforefaid Method in SurvcviiK the Ide of Great Sritainy having no odier R:| gard to the Tuo Grand Sovereignties theren than the bare Skiiarion of them : Begin \\( therefore with the Northern part of the llland M ?* n\ li i S COTI 1#M- h^fli rm m n. S ')ecvvecn| Let wet r lbs ^'^ Cly.ufd t{yU — loihi.ir Clin ill >! llles c I Z 1 ^Vl c J ■^^'^'^ Lorn !\1crr "S I '^'^ fir til. Eurobean l/hfids. SCOTLAND. 199 m. yetween J',^ ^t]"f Long. ^j|^ "^rLt'DStfi fiom N. to S. is about 2V^ Ml) rs ^^ twccn ; 55 CO 159 C: 'j.ofLatit\^'^ J3rcadtli from E. to W. is about 180 Miles. Bring 'divided into two K South, the fr/r/ Clafi-S, x;/^. \sonky tlici>/r 1;^ EL'r.buygh. Autr iiid'fU !.1Ii < i ■' 'H >: 'K\ <»• •i -u '/ i « ' I* I ;i , ■ %\ ft I;--' it u^ III ■?Jft j ■ .-■ *. In- , '^'S' AVrfc In? 20O 'J V e o »^ Biienorh Lochabar • F.iickj.n — Bamfe — Murrdy •» J{ofs European IJlands» {' /iberdetin-' Parti] ')> SittherU}ui - StrathfjdVL'r. c o H 15 J{iven JnneyloE. tow •S. to N. J L^^^^'^'^'j lying N. E. of Snatbjjt-:, Thcfe are the various Divifions oi Scothvd, according to the kit) Maps, and the manner how they are found. But lince that K\i:\ dom is ordinarily divided inuo SheritFdoms, Stewarties, Bailiaric' and oneConftabuIary, we fhail alio coniider it in that refpedj and iceing each of thole Sheriffdoms and Stewarties, ^^c cumprc liend either a parr, or one, or more of the aforefuid Divifions ;ve| ihajl here fubjoin all the Sheriffdoms and Stewarties, ^c, or the whole Kingdom, and ann;rx to each of them tiieir whole Contu:,' whether more or Icfs. Therefore, o o (■ Ederjburg- Berwick - PeeblU — Shclkirk - IHrton "^ f(e?/jrcrc — Vutnbrittoji Bute — o o Co ^ ii:.irdin Nuini U'cik [Middle Lo:hht7* The Merj and UaJiary of L^dah 1 weed. tie* The Foreft o( Ett^-rhh, The N. and W. Parrs of G^IIotvjy, The Barony of /(cvz/rerv. Clydifd^hi Lenox, tfl llles of \ Bute, Arren. tri-jcUtjgyon both fides the River fon^ - t ''i'] ^^'\li Loihun U A little of the E.partsof 5fr/-jr://w£j(l;/>^ A little of the W. parts of lijl'. The reft ofi-V/Jr. yifjs;u6^ with its Pertinents. Mors. The Faflern parts i^r ., The IfVy^^r;; parts r°^^^' ■urJi. Cuithiej IHes of Orkney. ^'iheiUndi ShcritT.:;:.:: fartlrlpartir. EuropeAn ijhnisr CA/jr-r with its Pertinents. /{htrkoi con tain ing«?/^M<:/?j«. Istratlbofje, 2o^ r Penh- AtkoU o ^StrathardcU Pdrth containing GiTory yTS y J{-imach. Broii'Albin { ^jjBalhikr, Ak7]t:;ifh "^^^ / Gkrmrcihay' Strathvern — -^ ^Stormo?}t* Arpjk* Lo>n. imier.^ra containing < i^ivAire. :j hmfi containing le River /'on M liles W. of i Bimfe, .Stratbdovern^ Boyn, Stratbii./rjp Balvevy. lorn, Kjtitire, r B^devoch. hivernejs contaming^ ^j^^ ^-^^^j^ partof/^)/y. t A part QfNl:i>ray beyond Kaimf^ Weftwr.. tyn, containing l^,ra,hni-.ir. CTiviftdale. Roxburgh containing*^/./^//^^/^. 'lire contaming. <' irncii. Oo./*f7!^^''^'"'"^^ little of /;o/;, 5. of O omift/' •'■I 'V .i r '■11 IGsitdes ft i "l ». European Ijlands. ^Stewarties, BcLides thefe Sheriffdoms, there arecBaylieries. lone Conftabulary. Part'H I Part IL 5rewarties are Str^tthern "^ g fStrathertj, Mevtehh (^^ ) Me?}tcith, Kjrkudbright — >CJ ( E. and S. parts of G.j/iWjv,| r S. Andrervs p T F//t?, As alfo-;. I^/Ifmure > in< Argwiy Bailieries are jCunick J Cumjivpham — ^ K^Liuderddle — — jCJ (^Ls.udcrdak, The Oae Conttabulary is that of I/addington, containing £j/?.| Lothian, !''( J5rt«it. Part ir. European IJlartds, 20J i^\m'}QCotUni [the famous ancienr t^/c'jor/.r; and bounded en ^ rhe Eaft by part of the G^rmni Uccan ; on t\\^ Weft :nj North by the Zinf/JJ? Sea *, and on th.- South hy E>yl■lrd^^ is [crnied by the/u/z.j^;^, j-iOf/,: ; by the Sputjuirds\ t'f,i>:Lu.'^ \-\ ihe f;r«t^/i, Ef:oj[^ ; by the C^rmiyiSy Scntlnid'^ "bv thf E>fjijh and irsowii Natives, SiOtlj}il ^ fo called, as fonic fondly inuainc, hcuii Scor.if (Daughter CO an Egyptian rhurjoh) but moic j)!ol)jbly fi oin jfa;r/, ^vfyrn, or^SVyr/;/, a \'eop\^ vi Conhwy (ovc r the Northern Parrs of which the Name ofSrythij did once prevail) who fcizc-don a pare o[Sp.ihh ntxc to /rt'/jwt^, and from thence came into theWeficiu Pares of this Country. air. J The ^/V of this Country is generally very pure, and fo ex- traordinary uholefome to breath in, that hveral I'trlors in the Xorth-meft J'arts of tliat Kingdom do frequently anive togrcarer Ai^esthan is ufual in other Nations of Europe. The opp^ lire VUc^ oUhe Globe to ScotUrJ, is that part of the Fac.tick Ocean, be- tween 190 and 196 Deji,rees of Longitude, with 56 andeo Degrees ofSuu.h Latitude. ^5cif 1 Notwithftanding this Country is of a Situation confidera- bly Northern, (ic lyini^ in the iith, 12 h,and b.^inning of the i y.h North Climate) yetic producethall NecelTarics, and ir.anyof rhe Comforts of Humane Life. Irs Seas are wor.derfully liorM wi'ii ir.oft kinds of excellent FiiTi ; itsRiv.rs do mightily abound \fcirh the choicefi: of Salmons ', its J-lains do fulHci. ntlv prr.c'uce nu.ft kinds of Grain, Herbs and Fruits ^ and many of irs Mountains arc not only lin'd with Vuluable Mines, and the belt of Coal% but alio Icvetal of them are fo cover *d over with numerous Flocks, that i^rat Droves of Cattle do yearly pafs into the A'y^f/) of Lvghr.d, Thelongeft Day in the North-molt Part of thi^ Counri y is about cijihtcim Hi urs and a half, the iLorteft in rhe Souch-moft lix Hours and a half^ and the Nights pronor:ioaably. CimmoUitieu ] The Chief Commcditi:s of this Country, are moft forts of Fifh in great abundance, much Linei. -Cloth and Tallow^ vift numbers of Cattle and Hides ; as alfo excellent Honey Lcud Oar, Iron, Irain-Oil, Courfe-Clochs, Fiizes, ^c llirt'rii'ff.] In ay.ifJ.ih are yet to be C'.:t:n, for feveral Miles tke Remains of a large /(^/^./^jQ/'/iv/)', or Military- way, which com- [inonly goes now by the Name ol ir.:r/;\r;.//K'e«, And \n Jiiiotd^L\ arc fome Vijf.giaoi l\o,)\.in Lr.campments, and another Miliniy- ^uy^ vulgarly tcrm'd tht Tupi\id C.iujw.ij* (1.) In the Su-- i* 2 warty s ^ ^ m :\ *3 n' f :!i l^ >'H ict" I. )•. f; 1 < ' ' Ml nm >^4 European Ifltnds, Part II. '*■ V ■ *• . .. « 11 r 204 warty of StrAthcm, are vifible Tr.ids of feveral Fimr^i Camps, efpe. cidWy that lit ylrJoch. (3.) \n Sterlnigfijtrt ire divers Marks of the iimc Roman Wall, (now commonly call'd Graham's Dyke) whicii was extended over the IJihrnm^ between the Rivers of torth and Cljdn- Its Form and "Manner of Building will beft appear by a Draught thereof J for which, Vid. CatnJen':' Brita7ir]id UteEditioD, P'^")?. (4.) In Sterlir.fjr.irc ^ were likewife found Tome I, criptions upc^i Stones relating to the R^man Wall ; particularly Two ; one where. of is now at Calder, and informs us, that the Icgio ficioiJa /lu^^iiij.1, built the faid Wall upwards of three Miles ; and anotiier in' thft Earl MarJ})ai*s Houfe at Vunvotyr^ which hints that a I'arry of th: lt'g/9 Vicefma v/Jr/x, continued it for three Miles more. As lor the Infcriprions thcmfelves, V'.d. Camlhi. p. 920, and iici (r.; Hard by rhe Trad of the aforefaid Wall in Sterlw^^jhire, are yet tu be fcen two pretty Mounts, term'd by the Ancients^ Duyii pacpc^ as alfo the Remainr of an ancient Building in form of a Pyramid (noA caird by the Vulgar Jnher's Ovai) which many reckon (0 have been a Temple of the God Ttrmbi.n. ('^.) Near Vajlcj/:xn(\ J{t'};jrtrvy arc the Vcjiigia of a large I{oman Camp; the Foffcs and l\kes about the Trxtoriumy baring ftili viiiblc. Here is alfo to be Icen a remari^a" ble Spring which regularly Ebbs and Mows with the S.-a. fy.) Nigh to the City of Edivbwght is a noted Spring, commonly CJlPd thc Vily-WcU, The Surface of its Waters being cover'd with a kind or Oyl or Bitumen, which is frequently u^'d, witli good Succefs, in curing Scabs and Pains prr^teLding from CoKi. (8.) Near the fani: City ib another Fountain, which goes by the Name of the r^oivth:^^ Wdh beciufe it ufuafly makes a Noife b^forj a Storm. (9.) Near Bfiichin in M'gus (where rhe Danes icctlvcd a mighty Ovtrthrow is d high Stone ereOcd over their GeneraPs Grave, called C^mi Crofs ; with another abont ten MiUs diftance, both of em havir^ an':iqae Letters and Figures npon 'tm. (10.) At SI airjs \n yili'>- deoijhir'e^ is a remarkable petrt tying (!^avc, commonly called tic Vrcpp'yig-Crje^ where Wactr ciizirg thro'a jpangy porous Uoikii] the Top, d')th quickly confolidatc after it tails ni droiistoihr' borrtnn. (u.) Near i^>rc;1i in Mufrjy, is to be fien an Ob^'mk^'. one Stone, let up as a Monument ot a Fight between KingAl..«| culm, Son of IQ:}icth, and Sut}:o the Da?:c. (12.) On the Foid It. a'ct*5 Fands in Straherr'ukt is a Lake which nevei free/eth all ovu before the Month of Ftlrui>y \ but after that time, one Ni^i: Froft will do ir. There's al'o another, callM louu^h Monar^ (!) ■ longing to the late Sir Gi/^/7/^7 ij f//(.' ; as alfo /Ibdrdetn and Petir^ \U,.i in yJiJdr.idenjUre ; fevcral of which come little ftiort of the hmous SjatV'Wjter in the Bilhoprick of ! ciiit; (18.) In molt ICountiies of this Kingdom, «re nnny Circular Stone Monuments, (being a company of prodigious long Sto'.es fet on end in the iGround, and that commonly in form of a Circle) which are pro- iably corijeitured to have beL-n either Funeral MonumcntSi or Ipiaces of Publick Worfhip in times of the ancient Druiics^ or bjth. l-^ji'yy Southweli of 'Jnnnnx ^one of the Oiciiis^) are two Idrcadful Whirlpools in the 5ja, con'monly term d the ll^'ells of hnv.ni, with another between 7/.i and jurj, (two of the Weftern |liiand.\) during the firft three Hours of Flood , all of 'em are ve- ry ter" ble to Pa ilengcr:-, and probably occalion'd by tome fab- I:;'riancan Hiituu ?.ccl)ln3ljopn£k;?- ' Anhiijhopricis in this Kingdom, are Two, vi^ Ithofe of St. .Attdrcrvs, GJ^fiow, '&i^\J%^ Ai.} Bijl^opricks in this Kingdom, are Twelve, i7^. thofc ,(:[•! " "^ ^m^i >« ,, . ^ 1' 1 1, .r'-^^B < '>•! \/^' IS t;\ [LunkeLly Murrty^ I{ofi; GiUowjy, Jir'uhiti, ( dihnefs^ yfr^/'/ff. VHmbUin^ Vrk)i(^, lh€ IJk'U V ? CI 11! I'm ^ ■ < I' 'a IH !,■ 1 *l: JIO^ Earopea;: IJlands, Part III f^^^ "* of C^lmJjerfittf?,] Vmvcrf.tics of this Kingdom, are Four, vh, thofe Ednihiirpjjy Gljfrov:, fr.tiinerflf.7 The .Tr/9fj (for the mcft partj arean AOive, Priider,:| and [Icligicn? furt of People. Many ahcminablc Vices, too cuir- mon in oJur C' unrri..', arc not ['o much as fppcularively krn;\^n| amo' g *em. They ii.'-ncrany abhor all kind of Exccfs in Drir.k- ing, rn! elfmiinatt DLlicscy in Dier, chuiing ratl-.cr to iniprovel the Mind, than pampc.r the Bi.dy. Manv ot 'em make as giu:| Advances in ail parts cf ingenious and folui r.earnir.^i, as any Ka. tion in Eu>tj:'Jifb, however the Gentry and P.: Ions of good Education, ufiiilly fpeak FrpJiJh, ('-ho' nor with th:| fame Accent as i.) /jr^/^j/il; yet according to its true Propriav, and th-. ir maar.cr of Writing is much the* lame. The vulgar Lai- ^uag? (commonly c2[Vd Bto.td.Si'otfl-) is indeed a very corrupt k:: o\' Ergl'fi), ana iia:li a great Ti.-.durc of lever?! Foreign T<'nLii;ri parriculr. Iv th f/^^•G:''w«?^ Itv-Duirb, ard J>t77i7.', elpecial'.y th; jiff, a great many Words frill in Ufe among the CommonaUy,l:e'| Originally fiOiH tint Language. For a Specimen of a hie: in Tongue, rd:u-'Xojicr in it runs ihu. : Vre Tuder rvbiJL art in th ktlhn'd be thy AVwi.'; tly KjiigdoGjn cumm^ tbylful! be doon it: E: »«''t' daily Vy.etd, an /■?;^,j) u S/rt!s^ III v::' j'Q.f^ec them J: 't Siun agii.^fi uff ^ ard Is i\i i*/i ndiih: tcrnptaiofif batt deljver ufsfrac evil, jimec;:, <5.'\j«rrmwr. I Thi.. Kingdcm hath hitherto had the good Forfurj tocn.vy an Hereditary liunteJ Monarchy j tho' many tunes t' Part II. European I/lands. 207 immediate Heir, or next in Blood, ha^h been fet iCidSt ard ano- ther nu;re remote hath mounted lMc Throne. Since i:s Union \fi\ih E^'gbrd, ')o*li Kingdoms are under one Rir^g, wi is ftiled \ht [^'ioriiyih o^ C'tat Intiin, The Government of i his kingdom j, chi^riy manaii,ca by j Council of S ate, or Privy-Council, con- iiltinji ol" thof: calico properly Officers of St2te, and others ot the Nobiliry qnd G"nt:y, wht^m th. Kmg pk-afeth to appoint. The Cmcttrs of St jxf are o^'ht in numbt-i, vi^. the Lord Hij/h-Cbanccl- lor, L* rd Hi^ii Trcaiurer, Loid Prcliacnt of the Council, Lord St^cretary (if Siarr, Li)rd Treafur^r-D. puty, Lord RegilU-r, Lord Advocare, and Lord Juflice Cic-^rk. The Adminiltratiun of Ju- liice in Civil Atfairs i^ lodg'd in the Lords of the Scffion, who are r*; j;i Niiinhjf, whereof One is Prelident, and to ihele are join'd fume NohLmen, under the Name o^ extr.iordinvy Lords of the Sej- im. Tins Court is clleemMone of the moia!^<^rs) are all of the RetormM Religion, yet with confiderable Variation among tnrmfelves in fnm-: private Opini- ons and various Points of Church Di.cipline: However the nu- merous ProfelTors thereof are very finccre in their Principles, and do generally pradife conformable to their ProfeiTions. NoChri- ftiin Society in the World excels them for their exa^ Obfervation of the Sabb.itii-day ; and few tan equal them, for their lingular Scridnefs and Impartiality, in punilhing Scandals : But l-.mtnta- bicare their Diftrattionsof late, m Macteri rciauii^j to jC'ckfiajh' P 4 (.ii 1 1 ^1 ^,1 IM ! t^ 208 European Jjlitnds. Part. H] ^i/ ro//f)/; and how fatal fuch Heats and Divifions, both inthijl andth. Neighbouring Kingdom, may prove at laltj is alas! b.:| too wifll known, to all thinking Pei Tons among us. The fmalitfrl Privatfi-r, belonging either to Preft or Sr.A/^/o's, mayeatilyA-l tack, B'>ard, and Sink the Roy.il Brinnvia her felf ; if Ihe chancJ only to Spring a T.eak under Water, whv n her whole Crew area: Bows between Decks. The Chriiiian Faifh (according to th? be ft Accounts) was planted in this Country, during the Reign c:| Diorlefun'^ for by reafon of that vioK-nt IVrfecuticn he railed the Church, manv Chriftians are faidto have fled from the Cor. | tinent into the Hie of C7^ejt y?y/f.zm ; and particularly (as an an. cit^nt Author expreGy teftiheth) into that Pare thereof, ;« ^;/;i:| I{onnnj. Armx vioiniUM p^mvanint'j which (without all dcubr) jJ Scoiivd'y efpecially the Northern-parts of that Country, they b^ ing ftill poiFer.'d by the Sfots, and never fubjecf to the jlmsn Power. St. ]{uk, or .I{i-^ului, is faid to have brought over with hin the Arm i or (as ibme arHrm) the Ic^ of St. Afidrcw the Apolt'., and to have buried it in that Place where now the City of St. .■:■<. drews Itand?. Thcic firft Propagators of Chriftianity lecm to have been a kind of Monks, who afterwards, by the Bencricence of the firft Chriiiian Kings of ^Voi/j?,'i, came into the Scats and PolTcin. ons of the Pj^j« VruiJes, (a. fort of Religious Votaries to the Heathen God>>) and had their principal Relidence, or rather M(. nalteries, in the lllands of Man and Jc;w, and palfcd under tk F. N (. >M. y r¥:' .i ' ^4. \ u ^Hi i \m ' 'If f'ffl iill 1 |.',M 1 r .r' !♦»!■ ;t-.^ « ' •>^**^, ^fH^ G- h>-y^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I 1.25 UiK» §2.5 |5u ■^~ M^H 1^ 112.2 Its 1^ 2.0 1.4 11.6 Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WIS7 MAIN STRUT WIBSTIN.N.Y. MSSO '716) ^/a-4503 J- ^ V A iV \ 4 ^ N- <^v'^6\ <^ '/, *ii '4ig \ \ 'IK 1 IV^ "'fBti i^iff 'itfli 1 m iV'' ¥k Wm'^ ! I \ iFart IT. Euro^cAn If.Ands. ENGLAND. ''20i) d. in. - (between ^ ' ' ""lolLon.? 's \ '"T''''' '"'' Len[',rh from N. to S. is z* Miles. 'between \ '^^ ^^^V of Lat.C !"/ ^^'f^''^ ^^'^"^ ^^ ^° ^' ^^ C.55 5^5" 3.tiv^ about 290 Miks, Wcflern Circuit Oxford (jrcuit ;ing JIviJt'd inroJ'H(.'//2f Circuir Cp_, ^xCii'Cuics, 'Viz.\^o*fulk Circuiff u-i M/.; lan.i C 1 1 c u 1 1 \s l^ A'ori/; Circuit J'-^ t- Z' ^ all bury. Oxjord- Cajiter'urv. Lincoln. 7 c/-/> ^orhwal" :' ^ \ Dcvonjh t" '5 /' ^"'/f/// ;r^ — ;: c \Hatr,pJi t'e . 1:; t mifjhire '7/. 'C^r/jJ ire {^ LauucePon- Exit it :? VV. to li. O /(; aj\)iyc Vrloucijic'-jl) re -: yhhnwQ thjUre M c \^€rtjord)Urc }o hVonijlcrjUrc n Dorchtf]cr »— — ^^nichejJcr Briflol 1 _. - /=:./7y/>r^ N. of Il.nr pp-./ys, 0,\fjrii "} ■■■'luiicHtr ■ ^-I:',. to \V\. Mon^fQuth -— S ]i-r(f''jrd I i-: ll'ur 'jjicr - V- t/i ' l-l jl L ' J' 1.1 a I r* tr Ul I ji Lf — — ,• .../I '■'' ^ «'.". /. II,' -I.-'.,. -S'S.foN. r. \.i>krojh;t'e \i nir^x \ ".'' : 5 \ iuvtfirdlhiye- Surry rnvsLury VV, ot' iifjfor'jhire. H^rrforJ — Cantirhury— o i ( ''''/^• Sujjolk I Southivark - — Ch-cfjtA.r South of < }i:. to W. ^ arfibrititjlii^e ■ .lluntiiigtiiuyi ire — '^ / B.dfo'djh.re — • C/<.it ri^hiitrjhin — J C l'u7ifir ztO)>' B'dford L. to S. VV. Mid:a'i'i :m ■ I S'-^;si '1 t'i .'is : ( I Mi , i 4 1 i; 2IO European Jjlinds. To ffig'ixnd we here rj.'bjojn the frincip.ilify of- If^il^s, divided int Four Ciicuirs ; eacii Circuit coniprcliending Tiiitc (Jountic. 1. Thofj of f D. 7il'>?p- hf^-i^ <"■'! .^ \D rjio^if h I ir. — — 2. Thofe of< c { :'U:M '••/ v.- .',v }—i y .irnarvcvii < t SLrionJhjhire Thofc of-^ c K^C-rdign^jVu'e •H lunt onurj B\iu /r is \'a>'7:n^ . or. -s N.toS .>N.toS.E Harlnh - '5 flr77:a>tiJc^jl)i>'C — i t 4 ure 4f, Thofe c\'^Bycclvod'\hivc RAi\fior\i ire "-—- 7, > I iirciP'/i' ( ar /J>t'jc7l i iin'nki } N. to S. 7,0 k iLarJ^f } N.tcS.W, oun-, Hcii.lcs the Six Ciicuics of I vg]ii7:>\ (conrjinin^j tliiity el^hf f ties) and tlioCc I our ot ll'ulcSy cc.-tupicli.ndin'i rucive; t, c f^m-d ias yet two Counties uniTK'ntio,,'d ;ii,(! win li . ic n" c • jm r y lef eluccd ro any oF thtfc (j'lcuirs, ^ ;^. !\lial fx :^\\a Chejh.n , the firl| becaufc of its Viciiiiry to L n/ion, .^nd rhv' ot icr as lieing a C<'U.im- Pahitine, h:ivini; its ovviijudt^fs ,ind Counllllfrs pcculMi to ic Icl;, Thefe two Ccunri^;,',-, with rhe thlity eij'Jir .r > -^i-r.itMci" . .i tu '«<• ,(r/.iNi| J U?id, and rwcjv'ii the other a Principajny ) we duli fep.irattly treat i-f thtiii boih- Therefore, £A0 'jrt II. Euro^exn IflA'/jas. 211 n'^- i E N G L A N D. •i I hiimc j YJ ^,<^rind [ the Ancitnr yfftgUa, which, with the reft of the I r V ill.iiul, made vp xbc rci:ovvn'd B itami'd, or yUhio?:; and |r,o'A' Bouiutcd on the Eaft: by part of the Gamari Oce.in ; on the Wed Tcv S* G:o ^e's Channel ; on ihc North by ocotlavd -^ ?nJ 5- I l>v.i. ^tlii* ] The y^/r of thij- Country is far more Mild, Sweet and Tem- perare, than in -^ny p:!rt of tlie Continent under the I'lme Patallel. ihe Cold d ning the li' vter is not i'o piercini», nor the Hear \n the J7;„w?'' fo f^orching, a-; to recommrnil ( much lefs to inforcc) the ileof vStoves in the one, or Grottos in 'he orlier. The oppolite Place ct'thc Globe to England^ is that part of (he Pr.ciHck Ocean, between 1:0 and 210 Degrees of Longitucif, with 50 and 56 Degrees of Siuth Latitude. •©Oil] This Conntry (1;. in^ni t!ie 9'h, lotb, and iithNortFi Climate) is generally 10 lein), ujid jno.hiccth tuch plenty of Grain, liiiits, Roots, Heib^', &-C. x\\i\x t!:e Excellency of ic.v Sci is bci^ de- cliicd by thofe TranUendenr filcr^'cs delervedJy beftow'd on her, both I V Anri'rnt ard Mooern Wiittrs, who call frglatid the Granary cj tic Wc' i'7i VVcYid, the Scat of C res. &c that her VaJlies are like Edcn^ her Mills lik'/ Lehimon her Springs as Pifgah, rnd her Rivers as Jordan , th^t llie\s a l^ta i(c of riettfrrc^ and the Gardtn oi' Cod. The longed Diy in fhe Nnirjimofl Parts is about 17 Houis •', the ftiorteft in tho ^outlinudl is aln*o(\ 8 Hours ; ind the Nights proportionably. Conimotitirtf] The chief C v:n:Q'iUes of thi', Country, are Corn, Ca'rlc, Tm, Copper, Le.id. Iron, Timber, Coals, ^ibundance of Wi? 1, Clod), ScuiFs, Linen, Hides, Tallow, Butter, Cheefc, Beer, &e. ,-r* n- '-i % I* ill . I IHi" mti m •;.. Eiirope.:?7 ljli?7^s. Part i: IMtriCv- 1 In rnod: Coiirules of this K'ngcom ?.re H-ill extant fo n ori;d Circular .///?// M.ji i.itnts { like rholl- in 6' ore .ma aDovc-menti neJ, p. 205 J parriculjii) , die fcvcnty iVvcn 5for.cs at Salseds inr«wjj bii>hnd^ commonly rcrm'J L'mi M ^7, aud her D.^uohterN ; Thole call' RO He-rich St '71CS in Oxjo^'tijUre ; Thole nciir Ew'jL-im in Northinnbcrlmin Thofe upon the River i.cder in li\(i7,io^'la7id ; Thofc nt-ar Burroiv onei2 in iorii)lire in Scm rfetj r\ lole near Exinoe \n DcvovpUr. Thol c at Stivaon-Dr anJ fiojlly^ the: Ixur e's, and thofc; :5C Bijlaw w jun i[ [art II and NJ v:ch talk'] (ta mii;ht| lilFJ from ttiun clary ;eiohbMi| If tliolc ll Incur fionsj ,igh to tl ■ ^wf-f ; f'i Hflier i^t C ■i:,.^;« in . 1 teing tm 1 winch ir.a 1 p',;t theret iiuntion d in /.thcr ui ^luous Mirrer But if i.'ie Keadcr defue to fee the various Corijcfturis (i)f the Curious, concerning the n.icurcand deluTn of all fuch Monii juents, together wirh the I^iauj^ht of Stoat- bjefurt, in particular, Itthiii confulr the late Edition of C'rf;/<,u;/'<> Er//i»w;/';T, png. 23, 9", ic S, irty ■O'ln, tlie (2.) Ill inany Paits (i{ h^land are yet fo be ieen the I'tjf/giu^ and Re-Bo 1 fgf^s liiains of divers lUnan Miliinry Ways; tlur piinripal of which is th.t ■/•'■'• ^''"^' '' Hwere 3 ot \k Ivoot livM}' and [ever moft jinipre^nat |zd and b cA being .,Mf.>r ll ■\\ feme T.cther V i-e llrlt o i":na11 di : i;f; hot! ItiKita Mi 'T.c in h .'-•tnt oi *il Eiliti o;:rhit S icrcain ! And at I Izw's, an ■hich b ^re.ithe lurly i of the Sp^ws iij y'si'l'jlirc ; Tunbridgc in K'nt; I'tpifhivn and Dn^ei^gein 6''>ry; ^'Qnh'id, j^thit and IJ.vyJon in Midd' Jtx. Here alfo are many other very re^-Dti.kcdile >Sf/w?f J whereof j'tnie are m-^^'htily impreg- jr^teJ either with S^i'^ tiS thdC at Durtwtch in ll'orccsicrjl ie ; or iiii- /\w, as the fonous Wi-ll at l^ipgi'^ \i\ L^iucajhire (of which afrtr. wards) or Bituvdhtnf Ma'ttr, as thjt at Pitihford in Shropjlire* Ofhcii hive a Pitrefyifig Qua''ry^ as particularly that near LuUcrrycrth, or La.- cit'-yjhire i and the lemai liable Drop;ji(i^^j-Well in the H\i'i' Riding o(' To^'kjlirc* Ajid finally fome Ebb a.nd I low, but that tjcncr lly in .1 very Irregular manner, as thjfe iji Pculi-Tcrcft in Derbyfdre, and La)- M'!/ near Torbay, whole Waters rife and f-ll levcral times in an hour. To thefe we may add tliac remarkable I ountain near Rubard's-( afih in Uerefordi'hirc, commonly calfd BcnrJf\d^ which is nlways full of fmall Filh or Frog-bones (or fuch resemblances) though ftequrntly empty'd and cleai'd of them. (4.) Many aie r ha Roman Jltars which fioni time to time are 6vj^ \}\) in this Kingdom, cfpcci2, inclullvely. («5.j In fcveral Places between C iiy h m II Europe a /I ljLi?ids^ ok. I an d l^iii}caf:Ie, are fome Remains of the famous p'uU-l^'eU ( io ^ch ralk'd oi by our rr.gUjh Iliftoriaiis) which did \\\n thro'Ct'w ';>«/^ar.(l l^orthutrLerlanci, beginning at 7'/«'/ oftf/.' / ^i", ;ind ending at jj;j)-frzV^ (6./ (jelling t'le middic ci li'ilt^.'iye ti oni liitO ro VVtO: a rnii;lity Ditch, commoniy tejm d WavUike, or lVod£?ifi iky. ( i'o illJ from (he S^xc; Cj(,d ^o^^f?;) rnd dtlign d, it fecms, eitht;r as a nuiH dary to diltiiif'uiili 1 crntories, or as a ience to guard agai in fta hhc iir;ng Kntmy. There aie alio in C vikrirlv/^Hj-, u ho frtquently ruin'ci ail before 'em. And tIi to the Town of Carnbridgp^ are f me I'^J^'gia of two fp^cioilS ifM^s \ v,i\Q Rov:cin AX j^>i/Q^o"gh ( a Mile N(;rvh or ('/?^/7;j*/(»^) and th? Ic'iier iit Gogtrm^of^ Ih^s, (n the ot!)^:r lulc (,f ri;e Town. (;.) Near ^in in LaJicirjhire, is the rcm?ik 1; e Weil abovcnu ntion'd, which Ihing tmpry'd, there j(rcf.nrly breaks out a li.ipinirniis Vaponr, ]\i;iich jnakcs the Watt r bi;bble up as if it loii d, a/;d a Candle being |p;;t thereto, it inflantly t^kcs fire ind burns like Ijrandy. During a lOiin, the I'lame will contiiuie a whole d;,y, and by its Hear thty can lloil f^JRS, Meat, &c. and yet the V\'arer ir l^'lt is co'd. (8 J In M'J:ni- \f,:ii I'ark in Wcf^in rit ci.]'. the Thn'c-n>o(hcr 'L-cc, fo caii'd, becriufe rh.ere rere 3 of 'em (the Jeaj} wh.ereof is this ) uhicl. a ['nod way from Ithellootis 15 Vaids and h^lf in CircumfcrencL'. {()) At Byoje/y V * 'iv.tlj and Pit hfoni^ wifh other Places adjacent in h'- ijh'rc, is found ver nioO: of the (Joal pits, a Stratum (f II ackilli poious Stone, nuicfi {inipre^natcd wjth bituminous vMjrtirr ; which Scoi^e being pulveri- |ztd and boilVI in Water, the bituminous .'Mibflance rifeth to the top, id being g:.tfit.rM iSl!, it comes to the conHilrncy of Pitch, and is ,'ij f «r lucli with good liKif ( 10.) in D:-rl')p'ire is the famous Peah^ :J feme hideous Cnvitics^ as thole call'd f col's- hid-:, EhhyiHol"^ and nether which goes by tlje indecent N.^me of the D 'vil\-Ari(* la eilrlt of thefe is drop[)'ing Water or a pt.ficfv'ing N.iture; and at idiall diilancc from it, a Jirt'e cL'ar Brnok, remarkable for corjfi- iig botliof both hot and cold Water, fo j'^yned in the fame S'freani njt a Man may at fuicc ).ut the lir^ger and 'JhumI) of the fame Hand, rx'm hot, and tf-e otl.er in cc>ld. lor a fall and fatisfaftory Ac- 'MHt of the Fccik, and t'lc rri.Hny l^ovdrs thrtcof, fee (befidesth*: *il Lulirion of (Vj?/./7/i'»yj fncli Authoj s as h ^ve p.irticularly treated ';:T!nt Siihie'i, efpcci.illy Cotton and Hol'h\wiih the late Hook of Dr. •,.t/.'- (11.) Ni:;ar lyhicyy in lUc J oyth-Ruin.f ni' To'hjh'rr^ are found rcain Stoms refmbliog the I t^lds i^nd W/caths of a Serjitnt. And at l'v7itly-KoLl> in the lame Ridmr;, are rahf^r Sroncs of IVveral 'js, and fo exaeUy round, as if aitilicialiy m:«dc for Cannon If-dls, hicli being broken, <\o commonly corit-iin divers floiiy Serpents, rcrithcd up in Circles, but generally withniif Heads, (I 2.) Near '"'(rly inClcucrpirjlire, and on tlie ivps cf Mounruns nor far from \^^ illi '•; ii' /^^ 2 I /i European Klaridi <■'•■ n ; , 'J 'II '9* ttt iralr * R'''' u ? i^ i:( M 1 1 ■flMl I -^'^ ■' ||;'j h 'art Rickwnd, with fcveral other Pirts of i vL'JaKci, are Stones rtTcmbli., -p am in Knit, and Tiibiry in F.j^-: are valt artiiicial Pits, Ibme cf them narrow at the top, but very hf<-_\ v/ithin ; and tliought to be divers of thofe out of whic'i the aiic Bi'itai7i< commonly us*d to dig Chiilkj to mix with their Grounds (18.) About Bih ir-Caf^h in Lm^o'f/P'.i e, r.nd thughtiry'm lVaw!ck''::ri is found the yjliroit s, or Stai'-jlcm^ rcre;ni)ling iitde Stars witii 11. Hays. (19.) In ShroplUre iv that Jjrge Mil term'd Cai'-Car ^do:k, h mous in former times for being t!ie ir'cene of that memorable Aciir between O'.''o>'/.vj tlie iUrna'^, and Caratai.!s thi Britahi, whereof C ■ cittLS has given us a particular Account. C'-^'O Near to the City IVinchtfiLr^ as alio in the N 01 th of rVt/i 'orhjid, is a round Iintri inenr, with a pl.iin piece of Ground in the middle, commonly tc ned K. ^rthii>\ ro:iniTabk^ and mucli ralk d of by the Vul;.>ar bi: for their Original and Dclign we need go no farther thin thole A; when Tiltvi; was in vogue in Eni^lmtd, Laftiy, In the County of S;<»^n| is the Engllh Anas, or t!ie River /\.o/r, wiiich Jofeth it fclf wwk Ground, and ariilth :-.gaIn at fome conliderable difl-uice ; as doth ;'';< Recall \x\ the N^^y'-lrRiuji:;; of Vj ljhi*-e Caytibdcn, p. i bur .;t lafi detcnuia'd in favour of tliip^iVf, foinur. fart II. European JJl.wds. 215 ^sijSlpyjtCfeSf. 3 HP^eprcks In this Kingdom (including Wa'si) arc loie of lli. Chiche'^er Salisbury J Lincoln^ Sc y^ja^h, St. Danji i^s, Pettrhrough, I andajj't Carlip, Br;f?J, Gloucc^er, Lichfield and Coventry. h Point of Place, after the two Arclibifhops folloWech the Bjho^ tiUndofh next to him the Bijhjp of Ditr\im ; 3^/>', the B jI)(»/> of /^V«- :tjitT, and then all the rcit accordintj to rl?" Seniority of their iConfccration. QmtJfrfitifSf] Univcrfitics of this Kingdom, are rhnfe famous Seats loftlie Mufo, or two Eyes of E71 larid^ term d Oxford and Ca7nbridg8^ Iwhich for magnificent Building«:, rich tndownicnts, ample Privi- leges, as alfo number of Studcncs^ Libraries and l's.\iriicd i\'icn,are in- Iferior to none, or rather, not to be parallcTd by any in the World. [The Names of the rejpeftlve Colleges and Hdlls in each of t^efe Univeifities, (the moft of which do furpafs m-iny of our Foreign Univerfities) are as followeih. mlvcrfityt B.t//o/, mrtm^ mil, \iTMer^ In Oxford are ^,, Magdalen, . Brazen Nof, Corpus Chrijti, Chriji Church, Trimty, St. -Johns Jefm; M'jdhaw, Pcmbro'.c* Halls are Seven, vlx. yl Edmund^ j^lhan, St. Mary, t^evs'lnn* In Camhr'.dge are Pcter-Ho-Je, CLtr: Hajy Permit, or Corluf.Chriflf\ re^n'jroke-HaU, Jrinityliall, Gjn Jl vm- 2x6 Europcd?? JfLVfas, Part III Fart II ^3xnncl'J?. ^ Tiiel-Vc'j''^ ixMng oriH;inany a mixture of divers Xor. them and Southern Nations, doliilJ retain in tlicir Humour, a juiti /It'.??;, betwixt thofv! two Bxtrednis ; tor the ciuil Sxiurvrn:^ Gc;nuiL\\ the one, and the hot /Wc'r^z/r/,;/ ZL'/KyX-r of the othtr, meeting in theirf Conjlitutiov^, render 'cm l7\^^';7ikvA and y?,7/i;(.', yer j6;//\'/ and V^if':-ji. 7ivg\ which nourifhM under a fuitdble liberty y[\\[\)'\'ics d. Courage boLh generous and lairing. This iiappy rempjramt'nt of J/vr/f, whcrewitrj this Pc'19/v/t^ iscndu'd, doth eminenrly ap')edr to the World, by tha: mighty hiclhtJ.tion they always had and iliii have, both to Arr.is an.l ^"irrs, and that wonderOiliVoi^rt;/} they have hitherto made in eaciil i)f *cm : For the marchlels V.ilour and Bravery, the lingular Prudr,;:: iind Covduft of ths E'fipJ'fi Nation both by Sea, and L^xkJ, is fo univer- ' ially known, and harh been [o frequently manifeited in molt Parrsl of the World, that many Potent .SVift'j and K^yifioms have felt the Dintoi ihch' Sword ^ and been conllrained to yield to the Force (it] their yhrns. They have alio fo elFetlually apply'd themlclves to z\[ forts of hiQ^'ir/io'ji Literature fince the happy Days of our Keformari.l on and are advanced to fuch a Fitch of true ^nd fviid Learriyip^ ; tha:l they may juftly claim a true Title to the F.mpire of /y«?/7.?w/(?;onV:4'J Finally, their manner of IFritirg^ (whether for Solidity ofMattcrl Torce of Argument, or Ekgr^ncy of Srile) is indeed fotranlcenJ dently Excellent, that no Nation hath yet furpalVd the Ertgliji'] and none can juftly pretend to equal them. .. l/iliiSiM^C] The E>'C[!iJl: Idv^uige being a mixture of the old SmiA znd. Sorman^ ('one a Dialed of the Teutonic^ and the other of the! frenc' ' iving alfo ;bme TiyiJure of the ancient Eritifn I\om.i>?, and! V^ni\h agues.is much retiird of !ate,and now defervedly reckon'J as Copiouif Expfe'jjivf'y^nd hluriy a. Joiigue,^^ any in Europe. Harangiicsl in this La?igiags ^"^^ capable of all i lie delightful Flowers of /^/;f!0- rick, and lively Strains of the ini. \\ Ehiuenre^ nothing inferior tol the'moft tluenc Orations pronounce ^1 of old by the beftof the l{or!:.in\ Orators : in a woid, 'tis a Language that's riglitly calculated fori the Mafculine Genius of thole who own it. P ret .r-Kojier in t\\Q Eii^-\ lijh Tongue, runs thus : Our Euthcr^ rvJ:i< h art i'n EJeroen, &c, .:er'reg>iion, and therefore is free from many Misfortunes, to whicil ElcvUve Rin^dom ., are llibjcd • yea,ruch a Monunhy (in the Wordij of tha: worthy (jentlenuin, Dr, Cl-jnibcrltin, Author of the Prf/c^J Stite of England) as that by the nee. Ifary fubordinate Concurreiuc of tholordi^ndComrnov^ in making and repealing of Statutes or Ad^ of l\irl!ime>:tt it harl: ih^ main Advantages of diti Jrijlocracy stnd Di- ^^art II.jFart IL European IJlands, 1217 mdcyy and yet free from the Difadvantages and Evils of either. ers Xor- Gcr.i'M cf S in their iTdgri buLh 'herewith i, by tha: Arr.u and le in eacii r Prudr,}:^ fo univer- nolt Parrs 'c tele the e Force ct ves to all ctbrmati. ??/>7^ ; tha: if Matter, ) tranlcen- le EngU}r\ old S'lxm lier of the ow.z^7, and V reckon d iarargiicsl s of I{kioA inferior to the }^ir,.in\ u la ted fori n the £?;^ icientand micof any] ,to which he Wordil he Pri-Zc;; •urre'fhi o :es or Ad m ihorty *tis a Monarchy (continues the aforefaid Author) as by nioft admirable Temperament, affords very much to the Induftry, Liberty and Happinefs of the Sub]e£^, and referves enough for the Majefty and Prerogative of any King, who will own his People as Subje^s, not not as Slaves. Chief Perfonsof thisReaim, after the King and Princes of the Blood, are the Great Officers of she Cfiwn, who are commonly reckon'd Nine in number, v/^. (i») Lord }{igb Stsrvard of Englznd i an Officer indeed fo great, or whofe Power was efteemedfo exorbitant, that it hach been difcontinued ever fince the Days of ^oi^n of o^«wr, Duke of lancaflerf (his Son jitnry of BuUirtgbrookj being the laft who had a State of Inheritance in that high Oiiice; and is now conferred by the King upon fome of the chief Peers only, pro ilia vice, as upon occafion ofthe Crown- g ot'a new King, or the Arraignment of a Peer of the Realm for Treafon, Felony, or fuch like* (i-) The Lord Nigh Chancellor^ whofe OfBccis ro keep the King's Great Seal, to moderate the Rigor of the Law in judging according to Equity, and not according to the Coromon-Law. He alfo difpofeth of a I) Eccleliaftical Benefices m he King's Gift, if valued under ao/. a Year, in the King's Book^ ocafe there be no Chancellor, then the Lord Keeper is che ume Authority, Power and Precedence, only different in Patent* j The Lord High Treafurer ; whofe Office (as being PrxfcdwiJE.rx'^ •\i) is to take charge of all the King's Revenue kept in the £x- hequer; as alfo to check all Officers imploy'd in coIleOingthe [ame, and fuch like. This Office is frequently executed by feveral erfoas conjunctly in Commiirion, (term'd Lords of t\iQ Treafury*) 4.) The Lord Prefidem ofthe Council, whofe Office is to attend up- i the King, and Summons the Council, to propofe Bulinefs at ouncil-Tablc, and Report the feveral TranfaiUons ofthe Boards <) The Lord Frivy-Sealy whofe Office is to pafs all Charters and rants of the King, and Pardons iign'd by the King, before they ;oine to the Great 5eal of England 5 as alfo divers other Matters of finallerMomenr, which do not pafs the Great Sea L But this Seal inever ro be affixt to any Grant without good Warrant under lie King's Ptivy-Signet, nor even with fuch Warrant, if the fling granted be againft Law or Cuftom, until the King be firft quainted therewith^ (6.) The Lord Crdat Chamberlain of England^ liofe Office is to bring the K\i\$\Skirt,Coif^ndlVearingCloaths,oa |iiCCoronacion»Day ; to put on the King's Apparel rhat Morning^j pcarry at the Coronation the Coif, Gloves, and Lineuy which are lobeuled by the King on that Occaiion j iikewife the .yrror^ and 'Miini^ as alfo the Gold (to be offcr'd by the King) together with e H^ihe F^yjl and Cronn j to Undrefs and Attire the King with 5Roval Robes; to feryc the King that Day with Water to walh ■' i ■I, i . ' *■:{ 1> ' fl .'•B ''; ti ^'8 European Iflandf. Eait 11. his Hands before a'nd after Dinner. -Cy.; The Lord Hhfi Conjhhk o\ Fna^Uni, an Officer, whofe Power is to ^reat, that 'twas thouah inconvenient to lodge the Hime in any Subje^ fince the Ycari^-u and is now conterr'd' on fome of the chieteli Peers, pro re vut.^ ^ ai upon occafion o^ Coronation s^ or Solemn Trixu by Combat, (s.) The £arl Marfiil of Englmd, whofe 0(1ice is to take cognizance ot all Matters of War and Arms; to detcrmiiic Contrads concerning Deeds of Arms oat of the Realm npon [/and, and Matters touch- ing Wars within the Realm, which the Conimon-Um^ cannot dtter. mine. C9.; The Lori High Admiral of Fjiphiui, whofe Trult'and Ho nouris fo great, that thisOjfice harh been Ufually given either to iome of the King's younger Sons, near Kinfmen, or one of the Chiefeft Peers of the Realm : To him is committed the Management Of all Maritime Affairs, the Government of theKing^s Navy, a decifive Power in all Caiifes Maritime, as well Civil as Crimirjal He aifo Commiflionates Vice-Jdrnirals, J^ar'/ldmirals, Sea-Captiws, ^q, and enjoys a number of Privileges, too many here to be mention d. This Office is commonly executed by feveral Perfons conjunctly in; Commilfion, (term'd Z.oyrffofthe^^»j/V.2/t>; After the Officers of the Cro^jn, we might here fubjoin the vario Courts oi Judicature eftablilhM in this kingdom, efpecially the/i'/£, Court o(rarliame?ity which is Supreme to all others, and to whom a laft Appeals are made^ I might hereiikewife mention all theSuhc dinate Courts of tliis Realm, particularly that of the K^ngs-^iknchp Court of common- ric AS y the High Court ofCkavcery, the Exche^iuer^ an, the Court of the /?«ff^ of Lavcafl''.r^'i<^Q, as alfo the £cckfu(}}i:, Courts in Subordination to the Archbp. oi Canterbury ; as the Cowno Arches^ the Coun o^ Audience^ the Prerogative Court, the Couttoi L^Km ties, and that 0^ Peculiars. But to declare the Nature and Cofiltiniwji. the ample Privileges and manner of Procedure in each of then: would far exceed the narrow Boundsof an A.bftra£f. I fhallm therefore defcend to particulars, only adding to thisParagraji that, befides thefe various Courts abovemention'd, the King, c(»i fulting the eafe and welfare of the Subjeft, adminifters Juftcei: his Itinerant Judges, and that in thdr yearly Circuits thro' u Kingdom ; and for the better governing of^ and keeping the King Peace in particular Counties, Hundreds, Cities, Boroughs 2nd yilli^t of this Realm, Counties hdive their refpe^ive Lord Lientenan: Sheriffs, and Jufticesof the Peace; Hundreds, their Bailiifs, HigB.Mej^jfQj Conftables,and Petty-Conftables. Cities, their Mayor, Aldermeathan /he Sheriffs, ^c Boroughs and Totvns Incorporate, have either a Mayo||^^.^,/^.^ ^ or two Bailiffs, or a Port-reeve, who in Power are the ^^^^^mmlforthc Mayor and Sheriffs ; and during their Offices, are Juftices oftjthe Refor peace within their own Liberties. And laftly, Villages are in SDbjfcjj-j. ^^ ^.liofl to the Lord of the M4?7o/-,under whom is iheConftabJc o:^^^^%mnv rr I parr) I tally tau |*ereno tions) ait 11. tjUbk o\ thc)U2,lr. part li. European IJl-i/jas, 219 rough to keep the Peace, apprehend Offenders, and bring 'em be- fore the Juftice. Of fuch an admirable Conftitution is the £r?pjip Government^ that no Nation whatfoever can jaftly pretend to Inch a Model, and no People in the World may live more happy if they pleafe; fo that it may be juftiy afifirmM of 'cm, what the Poet faith in another Cafe, only with change of Pcrfons, f^' fortunntos nlmium faa JJ hov.ii r.urir.t ai'msf.J The Enfigns Imperial of the Monarch of Great Britain^ are in the firft place ^^wre, Three FJow:'r~de Luce<, Or \ the Royal Arms oi France quartered with the //-/^pjr/^/ Eniigns of £wg/j«^i which zre Gules, three Lyons Paffant Cardam in Tale, Or, In the iecond Place, within a double treffure Counter jlovoer'i de lj> Or, a. Lyon J^m-- tmt.Gulcsy for the Royal Arms oi Scotland. In the third Place y^^«r ■J< , ■• , 1 f>,\ ■••If ■ ^ % •ilf 220 European I/lands. Part II. is briefly fumm'd up in the 39 Articles, and Book of I/omilies ; and her Difcipline and Worjhip are to be feen in the Liturgy, and Book of Canons. All which being ferioufly weigh'd and confiderM by a judi- cious and impartial Mind, it may be found that this National Church is for certain, thecxaftcft of all the Reformed Churches, and comes neareft to the Primitive Pattern of any in Chnfleniom, For her Doftrine is intirely built upon the Trophets 2iW^ A^oiiks, According to the Explication of the ancient Fathers, her Govern- ment (rightly conlider'd) is truly JpofloIicaJ\ her Liturgy h 2i no. table Extraft of the beft of the primitive Forms ; her Ceremonies arc few in Number, but fuch as tend to Decency and true Devoti- on. In a word, the Church of England doth firmly hold and maintain the whole Body of the truly Catholich Faith^ (and none other) ac- cording to Holy Scripture^ and the Four firft General Councils j fo that her Sons may truly fay, (in the Words of an Eminent Luminary of the ancient Church) In ea J^egiila inceiimm quam EccUfixab Apoflolis^ jlpofloli a Ckriflo, ^ Chriftus a Deo accepit. At prefent all Se6ts and Parties are tolerated ; and it*s truly as melancholy to confider, as *tis hard to determine, whether our Heats and Divifions on one hand, or Open Frophanencfs and I> religion on the other, be moft pre- dominant. In the mean time, this is moft certain, that they're both equally to be lamented j the neceffary Confequence of them both, being moft difmal and dangerous in the End. But that it mi) pie afe the Almighty to gr Ant to all Nations Vnity^ Teace and CGncori\ w bring into the way of Jrutb all fuch m have Erred and are Deceived ; to ftrengthen fuch as do Stand \ to comfort and help the lVeal'hearteJi\ to fAtfe up themthat Fall', and fnally, to heat down Satan under our jVer,; is the daily and fervent Prayer of the Church of Chrift ; and tbe^ hearty WilhandDefire of every true Son thereof. The Chrij{m\ Faithh thought to have been planted \n England, tempore {utfcimui]\ fummoTiberiiCafariff according to ancient (?/7i^ ^ but afterwards more univerrallyreccivM,y*/wwo 180, it being then openly profe^Vd| by publick Authority, under King /Mt/i^s; who isfaid to have been 1 the firft Chrittian King in the World ; yet feveral doubt whefherj there was ever fucli a Man in the World, In general, this is cer- tain tl\At Chriftianity was propagated here in the earlieft Agesof| the Church. WALES. fim.t.'] WJ ALES ['the Seat of the Ancient /)^/fi;>J, andl V V lioundfd on the Eiijl by a part of England ; on thej ;/''/?, vorfjf" anJ.!>Vf/r/s by St. (Jc-ore ':; Channerj is termed by thei part II. European Ijlands. 221 •ttians, lVaUin\ hy tllQ Spani/ircit, Gales; by the French ^ GaUes ; by the GertnanfjlVMlies ; and by the EnglipyJ^Mhs j fo called Cas fome ima- mt) from Idwal/e, Son to CadwaUadcr, who retired into this Coun- try with the remaining BritMinr. But others rather think, that as the Britain: derive their Pedigree from the Gauitf fo they alfo retain the Name, this Country being ftill termed by the French^ Galles ; which ufmg W for G (according to the Saxon Cuftom) agrees pretty well with the prefent Title. Siir.] The Air of this Country is much the fam^^ as in thofe Coun- ties of England which lie under the fame Parallel of Latitude. The oppofite Place of jhe Globe to Wales ^ is that part of the vaft Pacific Ocean, between 190 and 200 Degrees of Longitude, with 56 and ^0 Degrees of South Latitude. $ci!.] The Soil of this Country (it lying in the 9th North Cli- mate) is generally very Mountainous, yet fome of its Valleys are abundantly fertil, producing great plenty of Corn, and others are very fit for Pafturage. Its likewife well ftored with large Quarries of Free-Stone, as alfo feveral Mines of Lead-Oar and Coals. The longeft Day in the Northmoft Parts, is about 16 Hours i, the Ihorteft in itbeSouthmoft 7 Hours ^, and the Nights proportionably. CommotiitiCf.] The ch\c£ Commodities of tlils Country, are Cattle, 1 Butter, Cheefe, Welch Frizes, Cottons, Bays, Herrings, Hides, I Calves-Skins, Honey, Wax, and fuch like. . Unities.] In feveral Parrs of this Princip.illry, efpcciiilly Derbigh- l/irf, nre ftill to be Cccn the Rcw,vrjs of that famous l^'allj commonly icall'd King Ofas Dykc'^ made by Ojj)i the Xtcria", as a Hotindary be- tween the i' Iniainsof C^f' Phyli Caffl({uki:n by fome for the PulUutnSiliiyvff'iwhiih larc Generally reckoned the noblefl Kuins of Ancient ArcluteO.ujt oi" Inyin hritai'i. (6) In Merionct''!hiye is Kadcr I ins, ?. jMor.iuaii: it- Imaikable for its prodigious height, h^ini^ rj.nv.norAy reckoned the lliigheft of any in IntMn ; as an Argi'm-a: lor which, tisuij^td l>y |lbme, that the faid Mountain affvi d;. Vo'-iuty of Aqmc i ■jn-;. [-; ) lii "'Wfifw , ■ '.ii'!:l :-^ r : "tji' -fv r:m I: ^ I > ' ■' a rl< 1 im 4r nr ^ ( ri; Mi 222 European Iflands. Fart IL ^arenarvMJkire is a perpendicular Rock of a great height, thro which the publick Road lies, and occaiions no fmall terrour to nia. ny Travellers J for on one hand the lofty impending Rock threa- tens (as 'twere; every Minute to crufh 'em to pieces, and the pro- digious Precipice b^low is fo very hideous and full of danger, that one falfe ftep is of difmal Confequence. (8.) Near Bufingwerkk Jrlintjhire is that remarkable Fountain commonly called Uoly Wdl^ ■which fends forth fo confiderable a Stream as to be able immedi- ately almoft to tarn a Mill : But more obfetvable for its pretended Sanftity of old (and f/iif derived from the fabulous Story of S. IVim- frii) asalfothe wonderful Vertues of its Waters; andthofe were chiefly owing to the Forgery of the Monh o^ Bajhjf^voeri, ^9.) Iq Tembroht^fiire is MUford Haven^ which, for Largenefs and Security can perhaps be outdone by none \n Europe^ it having 16 Creeks s Bays, and 1 5 Roads. And may thereupon be defervedly reckonM among the J^^nties of this Country. L^Jily, In Monmornhjliire are many l\nm,in j^lltars dug up with Variety of Jnfcriptiotis upon 'em ; Fov which, and many others, 7/ii. Camden' j Br ft/?ww/^, late Edition, from page6i^, to 620. as alfo from 623, to<5iS. with page 59:^^ 594, eoo, 6oiy6cK, But if the curious Reader would fee the chief Jiirhiis of Wjles ar one View ; let him confult the aforcfiid An. thor, fpafi. 697.) where he will find the Remarkables of this Prin- cipaiiry repreicnted in Sculpture*, particularly thcfe following, ^7\\ a cur iou'^^ carved Pillar, called hUcn-y-Cbwyan^ on Mo/?v« Mountain .in riimfiire.. Two remarkable Pillars at ^ler PhyJi Cifile in Glmor- y^ii>(l)ire. An Ahihjiffer Statue found nesiv Ton h- Shin i-K^r, in 'm Mm- Tnoutbfoire. And finally, fomc /(omrrz Armour and Medals, withva. riery of Coins, both /{omin ^nd Britijhy dug up atfeveral times ia feveral Parts of /; 'i/cj. Srcljbinicrn-^-fl.l /Irckhihpricks in this Principality. None. :5lvJ)')r?i'-ft^.'l Pilhcp' JB.irtg'r, //:hv;. v/>. thofe of \,S. Jfiph^ S, Ddvid arr:c*'r.tu\3.] None. landaff,7 already men f,? already n 's,J tion'd. Mj-anncrsi.'', Tl*?^?^//?? are a Pcnple gen'=:r3ny reputed very fditlj ful and lovm^^ i'> one another in a Itrangc Country, asalfo to Stran gers in their own. The Commons (for tlie moft part) arc cxtraorJi nary S.npie and J<^aorant,but tln!ir Gentry are efteem'd both Brav( and Hofpitable. They're univ^::rrally inclinM to a Cholerick Ti?w/' ' and extravai^anrly value themfelve: en their Pedif/u's and Familia. H rnau.^GM The IVt'Jjl) (being the Og-fprhg of the ancient vyitmy do ftili retain their /V/w/»ive J.aveuape^ which yet remains more free ' ■" fror part II. European l(liinds. 225 • om a mixture of cxotlck WonU than any modern Tov^gue in Europe ; ■ Lvi^n^ip.^ which hath nothing to recommend it to Strargirs, it bc- i:!! both hard to prommice, and unpleafant to the Ear, by reafcn of ^vraft multitude of Confonants. Their faternojler runs thus : Ein : i^r Imn ivyt pj y yiefocdd^ fev^icdier dy tnvo : Veued dy deyrnnys ; bii ;; cK'/Uys ar yddaiiir megii y mac yn neofodd dyre i ;;/ heddyw eir bara • m-idiol : (I vnddeu i rii ein dyledion.fel y waddewn ni in dyledwyr : ur arwain mi broj'e dingnh^ either gwared in rhag drwg. Amen. (Jrotievumfnt.] This Principality was anciently governed ' y its own Kinjj; or Kings (there being frequently onefor i'oMrif), and another ir North'WakSy and fometimes no lefs than five did claim a Regal ;\)'.ver; but was fully Conquered, Jmw \2?>2. h^ E.dxv.ird\, who 'iving then a Son brought forth by his Queen ^tCaervir-junCM^ \-\ V/dles^ and finding the iVelf) extreamjy averle c^gainft a Foreign (lovernor, profer'd 'em the young Child (aNativeof their own) be their Lord and Matter, to which they readily yielded, and :ccordiiigly fwore Obedience to him ; fince which time, the King ciKviihfid's Eldeft Son is ttiTd Prirce ofir^Us^ and all Writs in thac Principality are iifued out in his Name. anr9^ ] The Arms of the Prince of W:ilcs diifer from thofe of '>g/iwi, only by the Addition of a I^Z?j/of three Points. Bur the proper and peculiar Device, commonly (tho' corruptedlyj called tiieJVwre's JrmSi\^ a Cr^rowft beautified with three Ojhitch n^d' \:krs, with this Infcription round, hf? dicvn i.e. I fervi'. \ alluding !o that of the Apoflle, The Heir ivhilchen n Child ^ differ etb not from \;jcrvant, ^i\\^m\] The Inhabitants of this Country (at Icaft the inoft In- ffl!iL;ent; of 'em) are of the I\eforni'd ^('//:;7<9>r, according to the Plat- iftrni of the Church oi Evpjutid; butni.iny of the meaner fort arc lo C'odv ignorant in Religious Matter.s, that rhey differ nothing from |i";;er Heathens. For the remedying of which, the late inrcmpara- ,,,;.' Mr. Cintge wasat no I'niall Pains and Charge, in Preaching the lilefud Gofpcl to 'em, and procuring and dillributing among 'em func confiderable number of ljibles,and Books of Dcvccion,in their o.vn Language. Which noble Defign was afterwards rcviv'd and iVflier'd by the f Amons J\ohcrt Bcyle^ Ei'q^ and I'everiil other well- .iipofert Pcrfons, (particularly chat much lamented Fmiuent Di~ vine', D\\ Anikory llcrr.cck) and we're willing to iiope, thac tli',- fjinewill be kept llill on Foot, and happil;,' promoted, by the Ai:'. ird Kncouragement of Ibme fcrious Chriitiani amongfr u>. "" ' |ciriffi.in Faith is faid to have been planted in this CouiUiy \m'\% t'le end of the f.^cond Century* to- in i .t;r^1 .r\ ru '"if-.'. ' ■%'».; i 't m (ri ym U<* 11 f fi ^ ' 'li m ].:^H|| '.y^^Hffl .« n|^n )fi« 1 • * •^J ^'1 M ^ 4- ^ 1^ ^ mi ■u MM part IT. ; : M i IDivided Pro V in (Lout Ditb Wicl Wcx Long 7f£o Carrickfergfu-.y Idem ■ C , _ -. ,.^ Inni4killing'" 3 Idem, Wo of Londonderry, Idem — Athlone Idem — Maio — 'ibidem from N. to S. Weft ward. :4lA 1 !i^i i % ';!■■: :ifei -M^-j. ' ■ 1" 26 ; ) '! \t: illSl III II il^ European IjLtnds, Part II CUr^: County - Limerick Cork County KS'V > N. to S. J) ^. fo 5 Weft ward. OlJ Ii5.imc.] 'THIs Ifland (Turrounded by the BriciJI) Ocean, and r- kon'd the Britannia Purvt oi PtoJemj \ mentionMsi", Tiy other ancient Writers under the Names o{Jcrr,d, Javcmj^ j(, ike, and by modern Authors, J-IiU'rnij) is term'd bv the iu/k Jrhnd.i\ by the Sp:inidrds, hUnd:i\ by the French. Irhiv.ie •■, by tj Cci'm.77!Sy Trhrd ; and by the Er^^^lijh, Jrehi)]d\ fo call'd, (is fom, imagine") ah hihcrno iicre^ trom the Winrci. like Air : Buc rathej (\u,cording to others) from Erinltvi, which in the /;///) TongU;;|'r rsirij^-rh a H'cflt^rti Lh-aX^ it being ib in refpeft of Grcjit Briiain. P.a'.? The /Jir of this Country is ajmo/l of the fame Nature wit'i T-haC of tliofe Partsof Biiuin, whitli lie under the fame Parallel; only diiFcientin this, that in feveral Places of this Kingdom, '(is 0' ii rnote f^rofi^ dJsd impure Temper ; by realon of the many Lakes am r*\ian'hes, wliirh wdCi up fuch a quantity of Vapours, and thereby d rorriipt the whole MaCsof Air; as to occafion FIuKts, Rheums, arc luch like Diflempcrs, to which the Inhabitants arc frequently Tub ]-'ti. T)ie o;)poiit£ Place of the Globe to Jycljjul, is that parto vl)e Patii-ick Ocean, lying between 180 and ico Degrees of Lon«! tune, with 53 and <6 Degrees of South Laritude. '^-ml] The Soil of this Country Cil lying in the 9th and lotl I'Jorrh Cli;na;e) is a'nndanfly tl-rt:!; but natijrally more ^iti^: <^;rafs and Pafturnge, than Tillage. Mucii of ti.' - Kingdom is fli overiirown with Woods, or incumhred with vaft Bf^r> and unwhole t'orne Marfhe^; -, yielding neither Profit nor Plcafurc to the Ink ML.in{3, but not near fo much as fi^rmerly : There beingagrta ileal of v;ood cut down, and many luge Ma rib '^s dram'd in tiii Age, and the Ground imploy'd fr,r- v-jrion-s ri)rts of Grain, whid r: produceth in great Plenty. The longefi Day in the Northnu part of this Country, is about 17 Hours and a hair ; the fliortefti,! tl)e :>outhmort,7 Hours J; j and the Nights proportionably. art II. Haritie« ] 'ountv of ,.dirpute )ttomof a low rvate y 120 in laces 96 F confilhf \{t\\cIiori\ '^ntagonal iraughtan roving th< filofoph 7 the fa mo luality ; b fy ought 1 bke, rath firtsof thi ignefsjfoi [be Tip of ion to appi fas former of frehr} lotorioufly hofe of y^r ugh being 2momo \kitb, (iliare, ijoty, iighlin ani 'Ikloe, aniijctfiti CO'.nmoDUieiS^.^ ThecliiefCrtwmci/t/r^ of thii Country, are Cattb Jlides, Tallow, Butter, Checie, Hcni^y^ Wax, Svjlt, Hemp, Lind Cioth, Pi>pe ^jtavcs, Vv'ooJ, l/rieze>, '.'^V. I BiP^^bleofl \k, that of ar til. pMrnj)ea72 Iflands, 227 kat!tie«3 About eight Miles North-Eaft from Cohmit in the [oiincv of Antrim^ is that Miracle (whether of Art or Nature^ I fhall acdifpute) commonly cali'd Giants Caufvo ay -, which runs from the 3ttomof a high Hill into the Sea, none can tell how far. Its length, ilov) rvater, is about 6cq Feet ; the breadth, where broadett, 240, id 120 in the narroweft ; 'tis very unequal in height,being in fome laces 36 Feet from the level of the Strand, and in others only 15. confilHof many thoufands of Pillars perpendicular to the Plaia fltheT/on^ow, and of all different Shapes and Sizes, but moftof'em. jentagonal or Hexagonal, yet all irregularly placed. A particular Jraughtand Defcription of thii wonderful Caufwayy with an EfTay [roving the fame to be rather the Work of Nature than Art, Vid, hilofoph. Trill fact. N. 212 and 112. (2.) In the Province of 'l"//f er ithe famous loM^^i Neaph, hitherto noted for its rare petrefying )aality ; but upon due Examination, 'tis found that the laid Qiia- fy ought to be afcribed to the Soil of the Ground adjacent to that: hke, rather than to the Water of the Lake it ftif. C^.) In feveral lirtsof this Kingdom arc fometimes dug up Horns of a prodigious lignefsjone Pair lately found being ten Feet and ten Inches from [he Tip of the right Horn to the Tip of the left) which gives occa- Ion to apprehend that the gvc:it Americayi Deer, (called the Mcofe) Jas formerly common in this Ifland. As for that excellent Qiiali- Q^ Ireland in nourifhing no Venomous Creature ; the fame is fo (otorioufly known, thatl need fay nothing of it. arfl)ht$l}0p;itcl{j3f.] Archbijhoprids in tiiis Kingdom, a rc^ Four, *!;/->■ [hofe 0^ Armagh ^ Dublin^ Ciffil^ and Jujrn. The Archbifhop of Ar-^ 'i;^^ being Primate of all helavi, Zmm'^i-'] BiJl:Opricks in this Kingdom, are thofc of 'ijlddre, y^hlin and Ferm \iUloe, Limerick^ Ardfttrt and Clonferr^ Aghadoy ElpUr:^ Waterfordf Pyipho, CVt and I{oJ'Sf Verry, cloyne, ICjlmort' and Arj[,tgK CJoghcr, ifroi-'iyncre, Down and Conner, anibctfitieut.] Here is only one LWvdf;://tr, .-v/v That oi Duilhr, mnnmi The/r///;(accordingtothebeftCharaaerl find of em, ^z.thdt o( Dr. Bey lins) are a People, that's generally ilrong anril finible of Body, haughty of Spirit, carelefs of their / ?um\ patient in i^ ; * ■ ' 'j Mi',i^'*i i M Mi MM ' Ul V'.t iJli:-^' ■' i 'I J fH' 228 Eurofedn Jflanis. Part II Cold and Hunger, implacable in Enmity, conftant in Love, ligh of Belief, greedy of Glory. In a word, if they are bad, you (halll no where find worfe \ if they be good, you can hardly meet with! better. language.] The Lin^uige here ufcd by the Natives being the /rz/J- feems to be of a Bnrz/fe Extraftion, by comparing the fame with] the irtf/jJi. The £»g////j and Scots here refiding retain their own. pJ i^r-No^dr in the Iri^ Tongue, runs thus: Air mthir atdgh air m\ ■Hcib^fer hxmmxi \ tigiuhdariatiatche : deantur da hoilamhicoilairnimh] agit air thalamki. Air naran laidhthuil tabhair dhuin 4* niombh ; agu\ math diiin dair Jhiaca ammil agU mathum viddar fentcbunnim j agU vA trihic aflochjay inaufsn'-, ac farfmo ok. Amen. Co^ttnmcnt] The Government of this County is by one Supreme Officer, who is commonly term'd the Lord Lieutenant^ or Lori dA puty o{ Ireland. No Vice-Roy in Europe is invefted with greater Power, nor Cometh nearer the Majefty of a King in his Train and State, than he. For his Afliftance he'sallow'd a Privy-Councllto advife with upon all Occafions. As for the Laws of the Kingdo J (which are the ftanding Rule of all Givil Government) they owe their Beginning and Original to the Englijh Parliament and Coun- cil, and muft ftrft pafs the Great Seal of England. In abfenceof the Lieutenant, the Supreme Power is lodged in Lords ^uflicest who liave the fame Authority with a Lieutenant. The various CoumI of Judicature, both for Civil and Criminal Affairs, and their man- ner of proceeding in each of em, are much the fame as herein] j^v^Und* ^m$'] See England, page 219. EelifftOK.l The Inhabitants of this Country are partly ProteflmfJ partly Pjp//iPi. The beft civilized Parts of the Kingdom are of the Reformed Religion, according to the Platform of the Church ot| England. But the far greater Part of the old Native Irijh do ftilll adhere to Popifh Superftitions, and are as credulous of many Ri.| diculous Legends as in former times. The Chriftian Faith was firft preached in this Country by St. P^tnV;^, {Anno ^'^<^.) who is gene- rally affirmed to be the Nephew of St. tAartin of Tours, Havin fart II. Eurofean IJlands, 229 Having thus travelled thro' £r;u/n and Ireland^ [[the GrcMcr of VtBritAnnick Illands] proceed we next to the i.ej/t'r, which in refpeft [fCjrfif Britain, arc lituated on the Eafty if^'eft, North and South* »The NoJy yjland ifeam JJlands h'oker fflavd )sheppy Jjlatjd Jhdnet Jfland fThe Lewes waft Sly ' Mul ^ J Jura • • :} 1. S Arran — lAan jingJefy-^^ [Scilly IJlands ThcOrkneysyCJIoy of which the^ Mainlain chief are )Sapinlha (jVeflra — iThe Shetland^ C Mainland of which the^ chief are ^rcJl'— nhc Old Fort The Old Tower M<\ Caftle mgh . — J -1 £ at Portland JJl and- Jjleofmght ^ \l J Port-Sea Jfland- ferjey Jjles of <^Guernfey ' Aldcrmy ^ None— iQrkvtaU I Elwick — • Perivoa •— rfrom S. to N.N.E, Tlesburg^^^ Gravelland . Portland Caftle S. of Dorfetjhire, Newport ? S. of Hatttp- Portfmouth — ' J jhirc* St. Hilary O St. Peter*$ Town ^ W. of Nor^ [^Aldernej- ■-J mandy* The chief of which Leffer Iflands being thcfe following, v/j. iWit Of cades y 'Many The Schethndy The Ifie of^ Anglsfey, The Ifles of < Guernfey, fThe Hebrides^ }^ig^'^> {^AUernty* Somewhat of all thefe, and in their Order* Therefore, ' "If A\ ^ni : PM ^ ''a in ?' .'I' S I. The ]0 European Ifla^ids* ii, i. ill § I The Orcxdes or Orkney IjUnds, TH E number of thefe lOands is indeed very great, and otel 26 are attually inhabited \ the reft being call'd Holms^ are us| onivr for Pafturage. Malt of 'em are blefs'd with a very pure at healthful Air to breath in, but their Soil is very different, beingi fome extreamly dry Dry and Sandy, in others Wet and Marf Iiowever they're indifferently fruitful in Oats and Bary, butdef, tutc of Wheat, Rye, and Peafe. Many ufeful Commodities areyea] ly exported from them to divers Foreign Parts. In thefe Illandsat feveral Foor-fteps of the P/t^t//!; Narioiv, from whom Pit'? /i?;7(i-rritM commonly thought to derive its Name. The inhabitants doltilhj tain many Gothict: and Teutonick Terms in their Language; an fome ancient: G^rmau Sirnames ( as yet in ufe ) do plainly cvinc their Fxtradion. Being as yet great Strangers to that elteniinac, of Living in the Southern Parts of £nr.z/>;, they common-ly arrivl to very conliderable Ages ; and feldom it is, that they j9/e o/fj[ FhyficintL Thefe Illands have been vilited by the J^cmtm, poUdsi by the ritls, and fubjedt to the Vanes'^ bvit Chrifiianiy. ofm tnark having quitted all his Prctenuons to 'em in favour of Kin] yames VL upon the Marriage of that Prince with his Sifter, the] have ever lincc acknowledged Allegiance to the Scottijh Crowij and are immediately govern d by the Stewart of Ormy^ orhf Deputy, § 2. The ShetUnd. UNDER, the Name of Shetlutii, arc commonly comprelienl ed no lefs than 46 Illands, with 40 Nolmsy betides manl Rocks. Of thefe Illands, about 26 are inhabited, the reftbeinj ufed only for feeding of Cattle. They enjoy a very healthful An and the Inhabitants do generally arrive to a great Age. In feve ralof*em are fome t^M/U-rftillftanding, with divers old Fabricksl JTiade (as is commonly believ'd) by the PiBs. The Gentry, wlij removed hither from the Continent, ufually, fpeakasin the Not] o^Scotland \ but the common fort of People (who are defcendej from the KorvegUns) do ftill retain a corrupt Norfe Tongue, call'] Norv, All thefe Illands belong now to the Crown of i'cor'uw^ an^ arc reckon 'd a part of the Stewarty of(?rl'w«{;. § J. TI)( PartlP^^ I^- § J. The Hebrides, IrHis tnighty Cliifier of I Hands (rhe hhdti of PtoJeniy, SoUr.w.^ and *'- Tlirjy) au coinmonly tcrm'd the Wejiern IJla from their Situa- jon in lefpect oi' .S'ioil.tnd, to whicli Crown tliey belong. In Sni! fhey'rc very diilerent, but gerier;H)y blelt with a pure and healths iilAir. They fiirpafs 300 in A^/rW;rr, tho' reckoned byfomebut44. [Xheir Inhabiiants ufe the hiji Tor.jiue, yet with difference of Dia- left from that in Ireli?ii'y and are much the lame with the High- landers on the Continent of iy^or/jwcf, both in Habit, Cuftoms, and niinner of Living. Die moft remarkable of all thefe lllands, are Two, v/^. '^ovjf and St. KjLIj. The former fnow called Lolumb^ 1::,, nigh the Hie oi Mull) is noted for being of old the Bi'rying- j'laceof the Ivings of Siotlind^ and the chief Refidence oi- the c.n^ cicnt Cw/^('e5. The other (rerm'd by the JHanders, ///Vr; \rf liichava?: /Jina ', and aftei wards St, iQIdi oi' jQlhr) isthercno- ^-ftofall zhe l/ebtides^ and fo obfervable for Ionic Remarkable^ therein, and feveral uncommon Cuftom; peculiar to its Inhabi- nnts, that a Defcription thereof was of late thought worthy of a partirilar Treatile, intituled, A Voj:igs to St^hyida., to which I mm the Reader. § 4. The Ijle of Man. THisIfland (called Mjwot'rf^z h^ TtoUmy \ and hy Tlhy^ Mo7tihiu) ^ enjoys a verv told and fliarp Air, being expofed on every lide to the bleak piercing Winds fiom the Sea. Its Soil oweth much vi'its Fertility to the Care and Induftry of the Husbandman. The Inhabitants) a mixture of £w^////;, i>coxs, and /;-//];, commonly called Mwhwew) have in general a very goon Charatter. The ordinary fort of People retain much of the irijh in their Language and way of Living j but thole of better Rank Itrive to imitate the Englijh. In this they're peculiarly happy, that all litigious Proceedings are bmiflied from among 'em, all Differences being fpeedily determin- ed by certain Judges, called T^t-d/rt/i'eM, and that without Writings or Fees: If the Cafe be found very intricate, then 'tis referr'd to 12 Men, whom they term'd the K^eys of the liland. This Ifland be- longed once to the Smsy and in it the Bifhopof the Jfles hadhi& Cathedral; bur now the whole, together with the Advowibn of the Biflioprick, belongs to the Earls oi Derby ^ who are commonly ftil'd Lords of AiiVf tho' I^tigs in effv'd; they having all kind ot Civil Power and Jurifdittion over the Inhabitants, but ftill under (lie Feif and Sovereignty of the Crown of £»gUvJn jlk I', ■ T It • .' / .' I I' ■.ill !'? I ^!'i'' ilr |l|'lr«/itf5) is blefs'd with a very fruitful Soil, pro] ducing moft forts of Grain (efpecially Wheat) in fuch abundance] that the IVcJjhf conimonly term it, Man mam Gymryj i.e. MontUi NurjcryoflVakSy becaufe that Principality is frequently fupply'j from thence in unfeafonable Years. 'Tis commonly reckon'dai one of theCounriesof A^ortfe.fr4/^5, and acknowledgeth Subjeitioc to the Crown of EvgUthi* §6. Thtip of Wight. 'THis Ifland (term'd by Ttolemy^ OviKJmrig ; and by the iigmm, Vecldi Vediu or Viilefis ; enjoys a pure healthful Air 5 and isge. nerally rcckon'd a very pleafanr and fruitful Spot of Ground. 'Twasl once honoured (as tht^ UkofAlw) with theTitle of I^rgdoniy fori I/etjry licmctump^ Earl oilP^drwuk, wasCrown'd King of ^f/gh byl JIai'ry\'\, y4mw 14.4.^. bur that Title died with himfclf about t«o| Years after ; and 'tis now reckoned only a part of Hampfhire^ andij| govern'd in like manner, as other of the Lefler Illands. § ?• J^^^f^h Guernfey^ and AUerney, nrHtfj Illands wicli Sirk (another fmall adjacent Ifle) are all cf WiUum the Conqueror's Inheritance, and Dukedom of/Vo>mi«- iy, that now remains in Poireirion of the Evglijh Crown. Their] Soil is iuiiiciently rich, producing in great abundance both Corn and Fruits, efpecialiy Apples, ot which they make plenty of Sy- der i and the Air is fo healthful to breath in, that the Inhabitants! have little or no ule for Phyficians among 'em* They chietiy im- ploy thcmfclves in j4gn culture' y and Knitting of StockinSi and (la* ring War with l-r.iyu:e^ they're much givqc to Privateering. It'^j oblervable of Guem ty, that no venomous Creature can live in i:; and that the Natives generally look younger by ten Yearsthanl they really are. The lilands bi-ing annext to the hfiglijh Crown.l Mko 1 180. by l/airy \. have (to their great Honour) continu'd firiiil in their Alegiancc to E)igU}^ic\(tt lince that time, notwithftaading offevcral attempts made upon em h^ ih: Vraich. And To mucii for tlw LciL-r BrUxmiuk Jjl.inds But it the Readc r dcllres a lai^^r AccoKf art. III?^^^ ^^' Efiropea^ IJlands. 22 g Account of 'em, let himconfult the late Edition of CmhUn^Bri" rvfjij, from pag. 1O49 to 1116 inclufively. If . m Having thus particularly furvey\l the Britdmiick JIhvdSf both I ?^cien(|Q,^.^{.grand LeiTer, proceed we now faccording ro our propofcd. ►oil pro«:^|(3[.j^Qd^ tQ fhe Second Part of this Section, which is to take a '^^^fBfiewof all other Klands belonging to Europe ^ whether they lie on r\,m\\^ North, Wtji or South of the main Continent. Therefore fupplycp ckon'd li II. Of all Other European IJlands. North- e ^mm, ind isge-l nd. 'Twasj giow, fori iVigh byl iboUtt«'o| re^ andiJ Jre all of f A^O>wi.i«.| I. Their oth CornI :y of Sy. habitanni liiefly im' i and (la- ing. It'^l live in ii: ears thani '; Crown, inuMfiniil hftaQding s a laigcr Acfoirf .European Jjlxnds be fituated on the^I^cy? ^o{ Europe, C,Southy North J are the Scandhmvun Iflmds, I CThe JjJe of Ice-landt lOnthe^ffV/?, are ^The Britannick Qof which already.] ( The Azores, South, arethofe in the Mediterra?iean SSito Of which in their Order. § I . The Scmdina.vian IJlmds. Csrvederr. Such lilands are thofe belonging to< Denmark^ ^ Norma). P^igen — fjor?]holm •"] [Bergen — . 1 § j J{ottomby ■ ^ o Borhholm iJo Sweden jO eland lare chieRyy Gothland ^^ j IViJiiby 'thole of yOefal , 5 Arnsberg Dago ' g Aladd 1 W.toN. { Dageroot J-'aJileholmy Northward* J Zealand, 9 yo C *^'^mmn^ ^ '■'(.■. I .. r.i v., (.1 m\ itftU K To Ill : ^ i '':li |1 ' ■ I . III 2H \Funen European Ijlands. Part 11 To Den-mrk Y^righrii arc chieHy ^h^^^''^ " W. to JMona / femeren Nykopi7}g •—■ Stege — — Sortierborg J S.W.ofJ^^^^"^- Funsn, To Norwxy are chiefly thofc of Cdrmen- \IJiteren- }Sdnien - ,Suroy • ^ /"W. of Jr^viwger .5 ) VJ » of Vronthem J ^Adjacent CAdjacent } to Wurdhm -N.toS. |5ime]nrHefe Iflands are term'd Scandhtavian, from the vaft Temu fula of Scajidix or ScindhuvU^ nigh unto whofe Coafls thofe Iflands do generally lye. The Peninfula. it felf (mentionM both by P/iw^and j'o/iw/w under the fame Name) is probably taken from the fmall Province of .SVt^iew, call'd Scania^ now more commonly Schoijen. As for the chiefcft of the Scandinavian lH^ndSy vi^» Zeji.\ land [^ the ancient Cadononia of VomponiuA lAela^ our modern DM Geographers would fain derive its Name from the great plent^of Corn it produceth ; alledging that Zealand or Seeland, is only a corruption oisedUni or Seedlavd, But others, with greater fliewci Probability, will have its modern Denomination to denote only a plat of Ground or Ifland furrounded with the Sea. ^it''} The Sfandinxvian Iflands being ftrangely fcattered npar,i down the -Bi/tq«eSea, and the main We.flern Ocean, and thofe ofa very different make, (fome being high and rocky, others low anJ plain) the temperature of the Air can't be expected to be the fame in all of 'em, efpeclafly as to Aloifiure a.m\ Drymfs, As touching //« and Cold^ it's much the fame with the Air of thofe Places on the Ad- jacent Continent that lie under the fame Paraflels of Latitude. ^oil. 1 The Soil of the Scandinavian Ifland is wonderfully difFerent,! fome of'em being very Fertile, and others extreamly Barren. Thel Fertile Iflinds are thofe ^(Zealandf Gothlandy Bornholm, Ftinen^ hl'_ fler, LaUndy and the Ween* In all, or moft of 'em, is good plenty cf| Corn^ not only enough for their Inhabitants, but alfb a confulcia^ ble quantity for Tranfportarion. They likwifc abound with cicod Paftarage, and breed vaft numbers of Cattle. The length or tlic| Days and Nights in the 6't•<^Wi/;>;i^'/■iW /yJi/?;^/f, is the very lame wir'i thofe Parts of Si\indi?uvia it felf, that lie under the fame parallel) of Latitude, Coni Part 11. European Jjl^ndsi ?5 CommoBittf?.] The chief Ccwwoi/f/Vi exported from the bcft of t\\o[is J/lands are i-///?, Ox-BUss, Bud-Skhn, and Corn, particuldrly iVksaty Barley^ Hys and Oats. )Xaritit3f.] In the Ijldnd U^sen are yet to be feen the Ruins of an ancient Oofervatory.cieded by Tycho Brabt: tbat famous Vjitiijh J(ho- vomer '^ one part whereof being formerly an high Tow^y wasterm'd Irmburg^ and the other a deep Dwgion, befec with Locki}}g~Gljf]l's, was named his Stelliburg. How neat this Obfirvatory was, when in- tire, and how well ftocl^t with AUxhsmatical hijhumsntsj is now un- certain ; but this, methinlis, is pretty certain, that the Jjlarni Wctyi (;vith lubmiffion to better Judgments) was none of the rictclt for Ai\ronomicd Vbfervations oi all forts [^fuch as the taking the exa^t time of the riling and fctting o^iCccleftial Bodies, together with their Amplitudes^ becaufe the ///.twi lies low, and is Land-lock d on all Points of theCompafs iavt three ; being hemm'd in by the Swedijh and Vanijh Coalts from S. to E* quite round to 5. S W. as I particu- larly took notice of Annoi'joo. (having then occahon to be upon the/yZ^wi) befides thefcniible Land Bonbon of the Wcoi is excrtam- Imneven and ruggid J the AVt^and EajUm Parts thereof being [mt riling Hills in the Province oiSchoven^ and thcU'efiem Part is mcftly overfpread with Trees on the JjUnd Zsahndy from the re- inoteltof whofeCoalts the IVecji is not diftant above three Leagues. Nigh to the Jfli of H'nteren on the NorvagianCodiW is that dreadful Whirlpool, commonly called the ]']bj-tlii.)n cirhtr to \)\% Sv":d'^) ov D.niijh \K - Maielh- :; j^ m\ i\ {.V: III: I 256 European Illands, Part II Moj^fty; and the moft conllderable of 'em are accordingly ruki hy pjrticular Govemours, either appointed in, or fcnc to 'eiTi b, the two Northcin Courts o^ S%vei^n and Dtnm,irk* ZU\\} ] Vid. ScxrJinjiv'u* IR^I Sicn J Thofe of the ScmdhuvUn Iflands that are a^^ually k.\ habircdjheingPeopied (as aforefaid) either from ^'jTfid?/, Vcnni.v' or iVornvf)/ ; ^wa uukernyjijm being the only cftjblilh'd Religion i:i thofe Kingdom?, '.he Iniiabitants of thofe Ijhnds may be gentral!; reckon'd to prot'efs tiie fame Religion. The particular Time when! each of 'em receiv'd the Light ot the bleifedGofpel is uncertain. § 2. The Ifie of Ice-la/nd. i?M\\z.]'-r''ii\s jjland (taken by fome for the much controvertt. Thulii of the Ancients) is term'd by the Jtaliavs, JJIdndvA by the Spaviurdsy Ticrra eUda ', by the Fretjchy JfUvde^ by the Gcrmi'/uA Jjlmi ; and by the E/jgliJh, Ice-iand, fo call'd from the abundance 0: Ice, wherewith 'tis environed for tlie greateft part of the Year, 2ii'-] By reafon of the frozen Ocean furrounding this JJUvd, arn! tlic ^^reu quantity of Snow wherewith 'tis moftly covered, the Air inultofnccclfity be very (liarpand piercing, yet abundantly heaUl,- ful to brca.h in, efpccially to thofe who are accuftomed with thai cold Climaie. Tlr.^ oppofite Place of the Globe to Jcd-land, is tha: part of the vdfi Antraitick Ocean, lying between 180 and 190 D.:- grees of Longitude, with 60 and 70 Degrees of South Latitude. <§.il.] Confulering only the Situation q^ Ice-Und (it lying In tk| 18th, 19th, 2Dth, and 2 lit North Climate) we may eafily imngi; the Soil is none of the befi'. In fome Parts where the Ground i:| level, there are indeed fevcral Meadows very good for Paltuic,| but elfewhere the IJlwd is incumbred either with vaft Defart?, barren Mountains, or formidable Rocks. So deliituteof (arain isl it, that the poor Inhabitants grind and make Bread of dryM tif^j Bones. In the Northern Parts they have the Sun for one Mont;.| without Setting, and want him intirely another, according ablie| approachcth the two Tropicks. €cmmntJiti£tf ] From this cold and barren Jflmdy are yearly ex- ported Pilh, Whale-Oyl, Tallow, Hides, Brimrtone, and Wlnrt-i 1 ^xcs Skins, which the Nativcij barter with Strangers for Nccella- lies of Human Life. Part 11. European Ifla/sdi. 257 l\mttf9^.1 Notwithftanding this lj].md dcth lie in fo cold a Clinnte, lyctin it are divers hot and ftalding I'cuntains, with fkcl.i a teiri- He Viiharw, which Tho* always coverM with Snow up to the very Top) doth frequently Vomit forth Fire and Sulphurous Matter in [great abundance; and thdt fometimcs with fuch a terrible roaring, that the loudeit Claps of Thunder are hardly lo formidable. In the; WcJlern Parts of the Ijl,i)jd is a [.ake of a putrefying Nature, and towards the Middle, another which commonly (ends up iuch a pe- jiMentious Vapour, as frequently kills Birds that endeavour to fiy fverit. Some alio write of Lakes on the Tops of Mountains, and liiiofe well ftored with Salmon. arcI)bis1jopjit:ft?, &C.;] In this //7iwi are two /^jw/j/; Bifhopricks, |;i.>. thole of SchMholt and flou. Archbifhopricks ai.d Univerfities, a3^nners^.1 The Ice-landcrs (being Perfons of a middle Stature, Ibutof great Strength) are generally reckonM a very ignorant and jiiiperftitious fort of People, They commonly live to a great Age, n.lmany value themfelves not a little {^i their Strength of Budy- Both Sexes are much the fame in Habit, and their chiet Imploy- |nent isFifhing, UHjiiitrt] xhe D.rne:i here rending, do ufually fpeak as in Da:- \!.'h As for the Natives, they ItiU retain the old Gothid Tongue. 6ot)crnmnU.j TK\^ Ifimd being fubiea to the Awd/? Crown, is [ovcrn'd by a particular Vice-Roy, fent: thither by the King of Murly whole place of Refjdcnce is ordinarily in ikfiodc-Cdjik. For Arms, Vid, Demnuri:, page 74. fieliSfon ] The Inhabitants ot this //7^»ii, who own Allegiance to tDamJhQrown^ are generally the fame in Religion with that Irotcfb'd in Devmark ; as for the uncivilized Natives, who com- loaly abfcond in Dens and Caves, they ftill adhere to their an- ient Idolatry as in former times. When Chriftianity was hrlt in- oluced into this //7^?/;/, is not very certain. u 'E\ R ? V? Th c ' 1 *■ ' ' i1 If 38 Earopea;j Ijhrjds, § J. The Jzores. Part II, I Part II f St Michiel — St. AUria Tercem Gratiofa- I -) They are in Numoer 9.*^ St, George- rico- Fydl vny Found from E.to W.Chief Town of all, isyingn in Terc(;ra. Floras - Cuervo }- J l^amc. ] 'THefe Iflands (taken by fome for the CatHterides ofTtok. rny) are termed by the ItaJiavsy Fhfiderice JJoU ; by the Spifihris, Los ^^ores ; by the Frevjch^ Les Azores ; by the Germim^ Flmitrfche hifulm ; and by the Englif^y the J^^nres \ fo called by their Diicov rers (the Portuguese) from the abundance of Hawks found in thtm. By others, they're termM the Tcrceres from the Illand Jcrcer.j^ being chiefof all therein 0tr. 1 The Air of thefe Iflands inclining much to Heat, is tolera- bly ^ood, and very agreeable to the Portuguese, The oppofite Place of tht* Globe to thw^ Jiorts, is that Part of Terra AuflralU Incognni^ lyinjU>t.'tween the 16$ and 175 Degrees of Longitude, with 3$ and . 41 Degrees of South Latitude. 't?)o'tl.'] Thefe It). inds are hlefsM with a very Fertile Soil, prodi> cinp, abundance of Grain, Wine, and Fruit, befides great plenty of Wood. The length of the Days and Nights in the Axores^ is the fame ab in the uiiddle Provinces of Spairij lying under the fame pa- rallels of Lntitudc. Commotrac^'.] Tlic chief thing exported from thefe Jflatids, v. (>.id tor Di-rs, anvi that in great abundance, together with variety of choice Singing Birds. ll'ai'iticfi] Here are fcvcral Fountains of hot Water, and onelii 'Jt'rjertzof^ petrefying Nature. The Illand Tercera is alfo remarka. ble for being the Place of the firft Meridian, according to ibme Alodern Geographers. In the Ifland Pico is the Pic of St. Ceo>pt (from whence the //7c? derives its Name) which is a Mountain ofa prodigious height, being coiHinonly etteem'd almoft as high as the famous n, of'fcujyijf, a^fi; rt II, I fart IL Eurofean Ipnds. 239 accIjbiiBf!)opMcfc«^ . &:c.3 Here Is one Bifhoprick, viz> Thatoi j^ngra, under the Archbifhopof iw^owtr. c^zmttp.^ The Inhabitants of thefe ^4wii being Portuguese, are much the fame in Manners with thofe on the Continent. taiiSua^e-] The Fortugueie here refiding, do ftill retain and fpeak their own Language. <5o\)crnment] Thefe JJJavds being inhabited and poffeffed by the fomgue^e^ are fubjeft to the Crown of Portugal, and ruled by a particular Governour fent thither from that Court, who ordinarily irefides 3LtJngrA in Tercera* Ueligton.] The Inhabitants of thefe JJlands being Portuguese (as liforeiaid) ftickclofe to the /^wiaw Religion, and that in its grofleft Errors, as univerfally profeffed, and by Law eftablifli'd, in the I Kingdom oiPortugah § 4. Mediterraman IJlands. N the South oi Europe are the Ijlandsofthe Mediterranean Sea : the chief of which are thefe following. lO ^Majorca- Minorca' Tvica — Mfica O ridem- Citadella - ^Lying E. of Valencia. Idem- Bajiia '^^ Sardinia j>H <{ Cagliari — j*Lying S. of Genoua, j* Lying S. W.o^ Naples. Sicily Malta'- Candia Cjiprm- Palermo — Idem- Idem- ^Nicopa — It • c r^The Archipelago, „]^LyingS.of-J^„^jo//,; ^ ij ''■; J^ ,,|!»:F» ■ S- Of all which in Order, beginning with MajorcMj Minor ca^ and Tt'/V^ |/5amc.] T^ Ach of thefe Ifiands hath almoft the fame Modern Ap- I Py pellation among the Italians, Spaniards^ French, Germans and £;/£///)) i and were all known of old by the Name of Bakares, ' R 4 which m *i1 Ul« K 4 ^1! $ \ "■ III 1; ,1^ i r. PartlllFartll. 240 European I/lands. which Is derived from nd^j.Hv fignifying to Van or 7horv, becau!"- their Inhabitant's were famous for their Dexterity in throwing Stones with a Sling. ^ir.] The Jir of thefe IJlavds is much more temperate to breat'\ in, that any where on the adjacent Continent, bting daily fann'l by cool Breezes from the Sea. The oppofite Place ot the Globe to the Baleares, is that part of the Pacif.ck Ocean, between 200 and 20s Dcgr.cs of Longitude, with 35 and 40 Degrees of South Lati tude. ^oil.] The two former of thefe //?j?;Ji are foirewhat Mountair. ons and V»'oody, but the laft is more plain, and extremely fertile,! both in Corn, Wine, and divers fort ot Fruits: It likewife ij aboundeth with Salt;, that divers Ncia,hbouring Countries are (up. ply'd from thence. Co JEurop mmotiitics? 3 From thefe IJhnds are exported to feveral Parts pe,Salt, VS ine, Brandy, Coral, with variety of Fruits, ^c Parities.] On theCoaftsof /W-^jorr.^ is found abundance of excel] lent Coral, for which the Inliabitants frequently tidi withgo;;J Succefs. Tvi''ii is laid to nourifh no noxious Animal, and yet foi- menter.i fan Adjacent JJJdnd, and one of the B^/e^irtfi) is fo infcftd with Serpents, that the fame is.uninhabited. Grcl)t!i'£l)0}!;tck3.] In thefe Jfl^tjds is one Bifhoprick, vr^. thatci Mj]orc.i (under the Archbiihop i^i' Terr.ip^ov) where is alio a fame:] Univerfity, ^Fanners^.] The Inhabitants of thcCc I/lavds ht'ing Spmards, r.\ niuch the fame in Manners with thofe on the Continent. iLau^Uftge."! What was juft now faid of the SpxnUrds on M Jjlmds, in refpedt of M^n?jers, the fame may be aVurmM of 'eraij Vo'int of La7?gu^gc, illy Figs, Almopds, Chefnuts, &c. I?antiei5"' In fevcral parts ox Cor (Jc a \s found r Sronc, ^^cnmm^fl]y calTd C^nochhe) whicli being handled ilick* to the Fingers like (ilue. ^a'dignia is laid to harbour no vtncmous Creature, no, nor any no-^ xioiis Animal, fave Foxes, and a little Creature nam'd Solifuga, which jcfcmhles a I'rojj. Thofe Animals cal]*d Mafroncs, or Ma(i io e, are peculiar to this Ifland. r r*g !?J .1^. .r.ljbtsl)Op;iCkJ. 3 ^rchb;[l:0^rUk', are Cagliari, C.tj;:;-^, i^'Ugni^ all in SA'-'dignia, and Or;- ";I5{SljOrJick5.] Bijlifr.-ch, are tliofe of Kdl^io, y^ja>^o, Mariana. Altcriuy Sugova^ ?ini\ A^cia, A\ in Ccrfica, (whereof the four Idft are now ruin'd ) together with I iHa alghfia^ Bofa, and ^Ugheri, in S£r- t — Sug. RaritifjB^. ] ss, where ities was 1 oke amor twccn th ock, and akes fuel 'ords and Ifo is a lar nown all pmous M( ^dfulphu ive; wit , /tfW. 1 1 {funtain, iHn-iHi's P 9rf!)i3i.8l iiofc of Syr/. Cit European IJlands. 24 J ^oil] Fully anfwcrablc to the Healthfulnefs of tlie Jir^ Is the Ltility of the Soi7, fevcral of its Mountains being incredibly fruit- I even to the very tops. Tlie length of the D^ys and Nights re is the lame as in the Southern Provinces o£ Spaitif they bothly- under the fame Parallels of Latitude. jloUtntOtiittcs.l The c\\\t^ Commodities of this Ifland arc Silks, Wine, Honyj Sugar, Wax, Oyl, Saffron, und many Medicinal Drugs, &c. RtUittCJB^. ] Near to ancient Syracufe, arc fome Subterranean Cavi- les, where Dionyfus the Tyrant Ihut up his Slaves. Over thefe Ca- nities was his PaLce ; and being anxious to over-hear wh?.t his Slaves poke among themfelvcs, here is ftill to be (<:Qn a Communicatioa mvccn the aforefaid Cavities and his Palace, cut out of the firm lock, and refcmbling the interior Frame of a Man's liar, which fekes fuch a curious Eccho, that the leaft Noife, yea, articulate Vords and Sentences, when only whifpei'd, are clearly heard. Here llfo is a large Theatre of the fame Tyrant, cur out of the firm Rock. Inown all the Wor'd over is that hideous Fo'ar.o of rliis Ifland, the Inious Mount TJna (now M. Gibel) whofe fudden Conflagrationf, y fulphurous Htuptions, are fometinies moft terrible and dcftru- ive; witnefs thofe which hapned in the Year i6C^. and more late^ L Ann. 169 u For a particular Dcfcription of this remarkable Mfuntain, and all otlier noted P'olcanos in the World, mid. Dottoni \m-iHi's Pyrokgia Typogra^hica. 9rt!)bi,8!)0p^{cft.^-] In this Illand are Three JrMjhprickf, 'v;■^ Ihofs of Palermo f McJfiiiX^ Mnt-RcaU i^iPljopjttCft^f. ] Here likewife are feven Bij})oprickst v z^ thofe of AUzara, Syracufcy Citaha^ Cefitledi, St. Marro, Pati, Gergenty, Cimtjcvritic^ ] Here is only one Un^'verfityy viz. that o£Catana. Qjjanner^ J The Siciliam being moflly Spaniardt, are much the fine in Manners with thofe in Spain, only with this Difference, that [ley merit < according to fome) a blacker Charaftcr thiin a Native * j.i ui'-' '^%\ I in I [ I i 1 1. • i" .it i! ;ii p' 244 EuropsAn IfiU/.^ds. Parti !LanS^3SC.] The ore? J nary L^vguage o{ tliJ SiciUa7is is Sam^] Nvhich is commonly usM, not only by tiK Spunia)^!^ but alio Per] fons of all otlicr Nations, jellJing in the I'i.nd. <30\)ernmcnt J This lihr.d be]onf;Jng to the Si^.^niari ( for wluci lie does Homage to tli:: Pope) i, ruJ d by a particular Vice.Roy appointed and fent thither by his ('arholick A'LijcOy, whofe Go-i vcrnment (as mr.^ other cf r-K' 5;^?."/L Vice-Roys) is Triennia! and PJaCe of Rclidcncc Ij'Ur'/v For /?y>w;, rjid' S^a.n^ pjg. \^i. IPvttiSicn J The Religion here eilablifirj and puliickly profefs'J, [i the fame as in Jta'j and ^Jain. This ilhnd recclv'd the Lii^ht ot'th:;| Qkflld Gofpel in the e^ilitll -Ages of the Church. M A L T J. .T^nmC.;^ ^"T^W T 9 Ill-nd i Icnown formei fy hy tlie fame Njme, oi X MMta) i*^ tc;ni'd by the rrcncl}, Mahe; by the %;| C.crwmiSi ^ ahha ; by tlie Halian^j Spaniards rmd I^JJglijh, Malta : Wiiy lb caird, i:; nor fully agretd Dpcn omong Criticks ; yet mofi: alTirm, \A\M its Name of hklit^t c:^me f om Wt/, u^^on the Account of a greai:| rienry of llony in this li'huid. 9CfJ The Air of this in.md Is extremely hot nnd ftiflinf , them.v ny high Rocks towards rh'; Sei, obfl-nitiing the benefit of cf)ol liict- zes from rlv.' lunoanding Ocean. The ojipohte I'hice of the Globe to Milt0, is' th.it \)■^^x.()if''ova'/.i''.r,ldi(t, between. 215 and 220 Degrccs| of Longitude, with 32 and 34 Degrc s of ^outh Latitude. "xol.l This IHind can J.)y no jnft CMm to ati Fxcellency of^c//; k being extremely diy ?.nd janen, and miidi tncu»nbr''d \\n\\ llocks. It affordeth iirile Orn or Wine, bur is lupply'd from S.- cily of borli. The lengrli oF U^iys and Night in ^ai/;^, is the fame as in the Southnioil Part of S,^;;;, Co '^»ll0^ift'flf I Mxta beinf^ a PInce no iv.-iy*; remarkable for Trade, Its Com 'iiodi tics are very few ; the chi<;f Produft of the Khmd being only Camminf'ied, Annil'etd, nnd Cottoii-\''oo]I. HiiriflfO' 1 Wortliy of Obfervrtion, is Sr. 'Uhns Church, Avlrh i'S rich MjJ m ignifkenr N'.(l»"v ; ns alfo the Obler/atory, Treafury ^"d Fal.'.c- fart II. Paiaceof t! |j,5rh entert h\\o (they bcr from h :2in)Op:tCi5 [■;fj, or Cf Slaves) are jcis ; ?'nd le'emble t Iremely Je ing hi the 11 tr.:)Ught in iNote, VI n( IhV the // iTublick k?xtd by j-ww of II iince the 1 ler, fti id Princ flUf Li! hs the S JTionly cai 3f Row-?, liTercnt |tcciv~d t chief T. fcnvn g; p^j-tll, European Ijlu^as. 245 Palace of the Gr:nJ Maftei. 1 he InhAblr:!nts pretend rfi.^t Malt.i y\\ entertaiiiM no venomous Ciearurc fince the D^ys of St. P.^«/, L\\o (they fay) blcficd this Ifland, upon the ibaking off the Vi- from his Hand into tai; liie. '3ifl)0p-tcit5 ] Here are two Plpjol^ncks, ^vli- tliofc of Malt.i, and Mm or Ovitsi l\ccbui. Ar.hbiyj^'^ri'.ks aiid Univirfiiiesi none n;3:.nnCvSj Tiia Inhabitants of this lH.inJ ( nor reckonirjT the Slaves) are for the mnft pa:t very civij and co iitcous to Scran- Ls • and fellow thci ]Mr)de of the '^t / «' in Habit. They alio teinble the Sicilians \n Tome of tlicir woifl Qualities, Leing tx- Lfyiely Je.4louSj Tieachcrous, a'ld Cruel, '1 'ht ot'th:: sTame, ot j the Ihifn ta: Wiiy ofi: affirm, of a great L% tnem.v ool I'rci" liuf^iUO;?.] A cor; lilt /I'^a^-ick doc'i IiJfc mi^.jhti!y prevail, be- Li hitheiro preierv'd by the fieqiient j\j; j)]ics of Ti(n:s taken imd tpuiiht in fiom time to rin.e. but the Kniohrs, and I'copic of any ,ioti^ underhand ard fpok feveral Euf'opc^u Lanjt;ua«^cs ; partici:- Llv the ItrJ a7i, which is authorized by th.e Government, and us'd. tnTublick Writings. I CoHcrnirent.l Tlils lila lul, afrer m?ny Turns of ^^■rrlJne,\x^^,";pre- ^intt:d by the limperor ChnyJcs V* to r'u- Older of the Knights of St. o le Globe Degrctil :y of So;/; I r'd wirli from 6;- the fame or Tr.iile, and being Avirh i'S afury HPd ral'.c^ i;rm5- 1 For y^^,,;; tlie Grnncl M;^fler benrerji a White Crofi, (com- :m\y call'd the Crofs ctVjeyujalt?^:) wiih Four Points. ucUxi-n.] The Rrcablin.\l Rchri n in A/,t/;'^ is that of the Churcli }f Kow^-, wjiich is made cUctinal to rl:e Order ; no Peifon of.: ilTercnt Perliiallon beinj^ capable to enter therein. Thi.^ Kland Itcciv d the Ijleifed Gofpej in i\\ii^ie; hy tiu- {.hrnian<^ i ay.Mi T ;/ ytiio Uallans, .\//»?'//t''./ , aiul l.ig!rh^ c^ia .,j; So eali'd fiom its chief Town CarJie, built by the iVfrj.r?;;, w!)o fVum their rew [rown ga'e the Ifland a luw N^me. m *iJi!'^ 9.',fi.> . I i'tl 1^ : > i 1/ f't 246 European IJlands, art SifJ The Jir of this IHifid is generally reckonM very Temi rate and IlcaJthfuI to breath in ; but the South-Winds are foui times ib boilterous, that they much annoy the Inhabitants. Tl oppolitc Place of the Globe to Camiia, is that part of the vail P.i( fick Ocean, between 231 and 136 Degrees of Longitude, wuh and 37 Degrees of South Latitude. ^O.f.] This Tfland is bled with a very rich and fertil Soil, prod] cing in great abu/idance, both Corn, WJrc, Oyl, and moit loitii f'xccllent 1 ruirs. The lenofh of the Days and Nights in Cn7t'Jiais[i lame as in the Northnioll Parts of Barba'y ; of which afterwards.] Cosr.momticff.] The chief G,»wo^//*:/ of this Ifland, are Mufcadc Wine, Maimfey, Sugar, Siig;ir- Candy, Hony, Wax, Gum, OlivMrnt-']^ Dar;\s, Railins, &c. ■ j l^ailU'i'tf ] North of Mount TfiJo^/li (the famous M. Ida) is a A\»diCy tnaJk^b'e Grott^ du^ out (^f tlie firm Rock ; which divers of ourMBic Gerwt deiH Ir.n elitr.s would fain perfuade themfclves to be foine ]«Tpof [ mains of King A incs\ L h)r:nthi To much talk'd of by the Ar^ritnipirmer til X^ilrrp;ickiy, 3;c ] l^tfoie the Turhjl^ Conqueft of this inarul, rhe^ ivas one Aichbiilio;-, who h.id 9 SiiftVagans ; but {luce they cli^ ged their Alalleis, ihc immbcr of fuch Lcclcfiafticks is neither lijj nor certaiii. !i' ^\ n3.*mici*iLi," The Ir.h.iMr.ints Li'this Ifland were formerly given tl Piracy, Debnuciicry, and Lying, efpecially the laft ; and fo noted wcri tliey for the laint, th.at a noroi lous Lie was commonly term'd M:n..\ €iu7>i Crctc7ifc. \or this deteftable Vice were they reproach'd by ohlm their own Poets, Epn^i-fiiihs^ ouz of whofc Writings r.ie ApoQlccirerl th fe Words, Kp^j ;-.••; dA '^l^M'^fcu, Tit, 1. 12. Their Experience inAI( ririme Affairs was indeed very great, and they're rcprefenred as a ve jy confiderablc I'eoplf among the Ancients for their Skill in Navii garion The prefent Iijh.ibitants being lurks and Greeks^ thtir alpsl itive Charadcis are aljcady given, l^ag. 18 •, 193. imcii:!?!:'.'] ' aupLip;es here in ufe are the Vulgar G^'^^' and Turhp cfjx'ciallv llie former ; (he number of Gra/t.r on the llland bcingt. greater th.ui that of tlic Turin: b'or a Specimen of which Laiitjuj ge^, I'lii pii^. 187 and 194. COiicrmiCliM This IH.uid, afrer a bloody and tedious War Twenty I'oui Vrais, bwUvccn die Tw':! and Vimtinns^ wj$ atl.dU' 'j ilraiii I Part ery Tem| is are foi^ rants. T| he vaft I>,c i«ie, wirh Soil, prod moit ioitii CanHia is th fterwaids.l re Mufcadfi art II. European Ijlands. 247 lain'd to fubmlt to the Ottoman Yoak, ^hn. 1669. under which ic I[h ever fincc groan d, and is now govern'd by a Turkijh Sangiack, thofe Place of Rcfidence is ufuaJly at Candy ^ the Capital City of le whole liliind. ^m^-l See the DmuUan Provinces, />. 194. 'l^eligion ] ChriSiianityy according to the Greek Church, Is here pro- l^^ by Toleration ; but Mahomet anifm is the Religion edabliflied ■I Authority. This Ifland received the Light of the BleiTed Gof- lin the Apoftolick Age. C r F R'O s. ium, OlivtB^''^^'^ Trills Ifland ( known anciently by divers Names bclldes J, the prefent ; particularly tlofe of yf;^wa«r;i Aathufa^ !flia, tryptos, Setaftis, Macmria^ And ^Eroja) is tcrm'd by tUtltAhan^^ \indiCyi>ro', by the Spani a' ds Chy^re ; by the Irench, (yp e\ and by t Germans and EnglijK Cypr:ts^ lo called (as moft imagine) from :Tpof [ i e. Cyprus]^ wherewith this llland did mightily abound ia irmer times. Ida^ is a rl r.s of our M be fome Ri he Ai.f^'Ln:! Ilia fid, rhefj e they cImH s neither li)i erly given tl 'o noted vvlJ f;rm'd Mni.\ :h'd by oikm \pof\lcciretl rieiicc inMjf L-nted as ave ikill in Navi ', tht'ir rclpil ek an J Turh]' and being t,' liich Laiigii.' Irvc Sif'l There being feveral L:^kes, and fome natural Salt-p'tsinC/- (;, from which abundance of noxious Vapors daily arire^thcfc in- fmixlng rhcmfelvcs with the Body of the Atmolplurc, render the — "ry grofsand unhealthful to breath in, trpecially during the ful- ;Heat of Summer. The oppofite Place of the (ilohe to this Iflandl that part of ihe Pacifick Ocean between z-^s and 2^0 Degrees of longitude, with 3 3 and 35 Degrees of South LatitU(le. I^oil] Cyprus was formerly blefs'd with fo rich and fruitful a Sotl^ [at from its Fertility, and feveral Mines found thennn the Gretks Cftc • ^oJhi,'i of this Ifland are Silk, Cot- n, Oil, Honey, Siffion, Rhubarb. Coiruiuiiitida, Scanimuny/- ur- |;uiae, black nnd white Allom, &i\ IPm Ai ous Wu il;i-iiiii' V.ri lii 248 Earopcdf2 If^ands, Part. I llftmcj? I On the EaQern part of this Hlarul Hands the famous H ffiagoujfa, remarkable at prelent for its AloJern Fortifications : ererni/d in l\-inic lor the unlortun.itc Valour Oi'the K neti.''7is, /. J5"i* under the C(>inniand of S;unioi Eya^radir.o, a^ainfb the fui 10 fcrt. I tdcr wh lar 54 Afiaiilts of Sclyrrjus II. with his nunieroiii, Army, condii6ted by /'isBirrrtff.l and Mii!}aPh'f. (^.) Not far from rhe fimous F magcj^ti^ are tl^- ]{™ ins of an Ancient Lity ; gentnilJy effctm d to have been that cnll] formerly S^lamiua, ajul afterwards Cow 777;??^? ; which was ranJ':iCA- Dy the ;tiv;, in the time of the Emperor 'Ir^j.m, and finally dellroy hy ihc ■ irrjc^'f, in the Reign of Ucra lins. (3 ) Nigh that Promor.t ry, commonly caD'J, The dipeofCits ( but formerly Curias) aiet; Kuins of a Monaflery of CrccL Cij/o;'cr;, which gave the Cape its X^nij from a remarkable (AiHom to vvhirli thcfe Monks were oblig'J. 1 Their keeping a certain number cf Cats, ibr rhe hunting and dcfm^ ing f,f many Serpents that infeflecl thofe Parts of the Kland; t| whicii Fxercife thoie Creatu-es are fliid to h.tve been fo nicely bic that att!i2 lirll: found of- the Bell rh;y would give over their Cm and imnudiatcly return to the Convent. (4 ) In the Maritime V hgc of SaUnc!, is a »-'i'nous Greek C^hurch, wliere Srr;ingers arc laforef b of th ftter Ma jrticies ( ley mak( fom whe ked G into a iitrle obfcure J which the jModern Crak^ a[]ii m to be t i'hice of /-/T^vrr'f/'s fecor. _ p.tcrment. (-Hii!!Cr3. 1 This lilmd being inliablted by Gech and MahomctM efpecially t!\e former, they being far fu[)erior in number to theTW' ti!':ir refjiedtive Characters are already given, (j^jg. 186, and 1^3.; (| whiclil remit the Reader. LinciMiT. 1 J avvi-tgcs here in ufe, are the Turk'P^ and ral(rar G i: efpecially t!ve latter ; but Liirj'.a i'>Mx\i is the Tongue they coiiil modly fpe.tk with Srrmgc?rs, it being underftood and ufed by trading Pe(>ple in the L'v.vtt. mr oh Negri Stalin Tenei Metel Scio - Sdelle LatJgo I{hode Cerigc Zam Cepha Corfu Somewl" I. Negri have be jromby ai loted for < \h, Ti Bled by a id Is Adt Covcvn.licrt. I This Illmd hull b-rn fiibjca at dlHer nt timestoin, stali jgreAC many difU'rviir b'ovcieigns, parties!, rly th.' GHciirt!) ^r'-'-'WOfubjeii RQ)ri>i:r Part. 11 itions ; : the furioi ted by /-j»| are tilt: ill \\ that cnl!] IS ranf/iCA-l y dtllroyj at Promo;:. as) are til pe its Nj.-ij blig'd. ^i ind dcfiKj) Kl.inc; [| licely b)C( :heir dm^ uitinic Vil ^ers arc IJ 111 to be t.ij ) Salines i,s U'tntjwholi Suivbe;inii • of C;;) lark.iblc ti ^'e-rf, of till comnv »ces of ks nd 193." I^rt. 11. European If.Ands. 249 ,»iMJ, once the EngUjh, (when conquerM by /(/r^^r^ T.) and laft^ t the Venetians^ from whom 'twas wrefted by the Turks ^ A>irio I*)?'* Lr whofc heavy Yoak it now groaneth, and ruled by its parti- Elar Bajfa, who ordinarily refideth at Nicofu, latflt.0.] See the Vanuiian Provinces, pige 194* lEeliStow.] The Inhabitants of this Ifland being Greel^j and Turks, laforefdid) the former profels Chriltianity according to the Te- itsof the Gretk Church [^which may be feen, pige i88.] and the lier Mahometanifin, according to their ^i/:orj>; j for the principal [tticles of which vid. pag. i^l. As for the Franks here reliding, L make Profeliion of the refpcaive Religions of the Country L whence they came. This iQand received the Light of the Med Gofpel in the Apoftolick Age. per obfervable IJlands in the Mediterranean Sea, (^re N'egropom *) Sulimtne'?^^ Tenedo J Metelino — Scio 7 Sdelle — S I ^ <^ Idem 'id^^ar G i they con Lifed by time'; tn ryf'yyi , %)'''-'^'''' Cephalonia, — ' iCorfti J Idefti, lying between ^'^«i/4rf^/pe/j^o more fre| quently mentioned by the Ancients than this oiSiLmo^ formerly mos. It went alio by the Names of P JJknd (after the lots {)\'Jin\ 'art II. 'i Sigiujii.i arcfcai'd ^e to the eingclcd;.} bemfclvi t's now i: ■efent, ex.] g» fave its! Sappho, the : theTd?;: a of iSc: I the 7w\i by the Su!. 'twas late'rj e. lous for n ) Name ifible, wi:i Tomoret:e jrmerly-^: bjetl tot: laving bee , or Cos, a: gthe Bin iiiged to t X. Cerigo (the Cytheraofthe Ancients) being a confiderable Ifuvd^ inhabited by Grt-els, and fubject to the I{^piiblick oi' rtfiicsy'is govcrn'ci by a noble Vd^ietian, in Quality of a rrov^ditor^ who is renew 'd every two Years. This lUe produceth Ibme excellent ^r/?/t', but in no gr&ac Q:iantity. It's alfo ftockt with ftore of good Vcnifo'n, and a compe- t.'Rcy oiCorn and Ojl^ fufficientfor its number of Inhabitants. The Creeks here refiding, have the greater Veneration for this PIjcc, upon the account of a vulgar Opinion now current among them, which is, that Sujohn the Divine began here to write his /Jpoialjpfc. XI. Ziwt (formerly Zicymh-M) is another Ifland belonging to the ''crjetians^ and one of the rjcheft In the Strdghts^ abounding with iVhii and ^j'/, but mofily noted t^or Currants , of which there is fuch plenty that many Ships are yearly freighted with them for divers Ports of Europe. And fuch Advantage is that Currant-Trade to the Republick of Tcfw/Vc", that the Profits redounding from thence, do lerve (according to the Teftimony of a late Traveller) to defray the Charges of the Venetian Fleet. In this liland are feveial remarkable Fountains, out of which there bubbles up a pitchy Subftance in great quantities. In the Monaftery oiSanil:a Maria de k Croce, is the Tomb of M. T. Cicero and Teremia his Wife, with two feveral Infcrip- tions (one for him, and the other for her) found upon a Stone,whicli, feme time ago, was dug out of the Ground, nigli the Place of the aforefaid Tomb, The Inhabitants (reckoning both Greeks ^ind Jews) amount to about 20 or 2 "5 000, and are govern'd by a noble Ve?ieti- dii, fent thither with full Power f/om the Senate. XII. Cephilonia {ovoid Me U7:a^Tap!:osj oi- Teleho.i) is like wife un- der the State ot Venice, ana chieliy abounds in dry Kailins, (which the Venetians turn to good Advantage) andexcelLnc Wine, el'pc- ciaily I{cd Ahifadels, which many call oy the Name ot Lukc-Sherry. It ha:h its particular Proveditor^ whole Goveinment lalterh 39 Months. This Ifland w^s beftow'd upon the Kepublick ot Venice^ Anno 1224. hy CaiOy then Lord thereof, but mafter'd by the Turks in i47c^. and polfel'sM by them »-il! 1499. »vheii driven thence by l\^tVoietians^ who re-peopleil it with Chi iftians, and afterwards fortifying the lame againlt future Invalions, hdve hitherto cou- tinu!;d Milters thereof. S % Laftl/, ' v- ,>i n'4' m 252 European IJlands. Part II. Laft^Iy, Corfu, (formerly Cory'r^) is Mefs'd wUh a very healthful A'^, and frutful Soil for Wine dnd Orl, but not for Corn, of which the iiUidDi«ants are fupply'd froir» t\\t Covtinem. Jt belongs to the . ^ m R „. lick ot /e?; /':(?, and ij, dcTirvedly tcrm'd, 7ks Tort of the Gulf, ana jjyrrier of Italy, The Gcvtrnjnent thereof is lodgM in fix no. ble Ver.^ti.tns, w'lof. Power lafteth for the fpace of two Years. The fir«i vjf t'nefe noble Men hath the Title of Bailj, The fecond, of ProvcHtcr and Cuptain. The third and fourth, of Counfdlors, The fifti:^ t;f Crsat Ciptain. And the fixth, o^CaJielan^ or Governor cf ^- J I \ itle de /^ Campina in thr o!(! Town The Greeks are ve. r . •.Ui.'erous in this Ifland, w^ nii-c ii ♦ itar-G^ntral, whom they flfiJ'- Vrr^opApa. In the Time ct Solymm II. no lefs than 25000 7}/fh did Jdnd in C(;r/i<, unaer the Coirir.nnd of the Famous BArbarofjx\ yet fucn was the Conduft of the wife Venetians, that they forced him to make a fhameful Retreat. To fpeak more particularly of each of thefe Ij^ands, and many others, reducible to the two ClaiTes ofCyclades and Sporades, would f2r furpafs our defign'd Brevity. Conclude we therefore this te- dious Seftion with the following Advertifement. That, whereas in treating q{ JfJinds (after we took leave of the Continent of £«- rope) lefteem'd it moft methodical, to bring all thofe in the A/e- djterranean Sea, under the Title of European IJIands ; yet the Rea- der is hereby defir'd to take Notice, that all of 'em are not ufually reckcn'd as fuch ; the Ijle of Malu being generally accounted an African \ and C>;>r«j with ^/jo^ef among t\it ApAUc}i\ asarealfofe. vera] others on the Coaft o£Ntttolia» And fo much for £urops and the European I/lnnds, Now folio weth, ^ C H A P art II. healthful of which is to the the Gulf, n fix no- irs. The xond, of 'ors. The Governor s are ve. lom they OOO TurU trbaroffj, • ■Y forced // \* nd many s, would J this te- whereas itoffM- I the Me- the Rea- •t ufually unted an e alfo fe. *r ^, ■ )noweth. AP ?af. 1ST- , > 'iN part ir. 25J ' mm o c Cdma - ^3 > CHAP. II. 0/ASIA. Pekin or Xuntit)^^. a, ^Aleppo. t^CutfeJ? In ^]/J To thefe add the Afiatick IJlaadf. Of all which in Order, Therefore, ':J "1i !i J ■ '■ i« 'I ■ 1. I|l S 3 SECT '.t': .if? . . I: '■* ' ■ M^ 11 • ?^ ''|! '1", till!' 254 Fart IL SECT. I. Concerning Enrtann d. m. |yKt.v.en' — ^; South <.7i(ril/.v/f;t/..' - (Z.7gutl:.iy -- Simarckund. , 2 North 5 'i"^- 5?5,;me.] rf;zr/ij! propria \\-^ ^ Movf^ul, or Tc'w^f«( T ruo'theDefartJ s^Cumbalicb 3 From R. to W. ''VJnayy [the greatellp^rt whereof is reckonVI the ^Vy- tbii y^.fLnicz of the Ancients ; and nov, !jounded oa the Eaft by p:irt of the Main Ocean ; on the Wcftbv Mufcovi.i '^{)n the North by the Jdnxnaji Ocean ^ and on the South by Cbi?i,i and h'di.z'y'] is term\i by the /ta//ir;;i ^nd S p. 17; i.udi, Idrtiri.i^ by the Trench LiTurt^n'w '^ by the Germans , 'Tart:uJr{efi\ and by the E/;^j//j?\ l\:rnryi, fo call'd from 7izrr.rr or T.ifar, a kiver of tiut Counnv, which is (aid to empty it R-If into the vaft Northern Ocean. Bul others chufe rather to derive the Name horn T^tdr or Jctar, which in the Syriad- Language fignifyi.ig a R^mumt, inKK^inini^ that the Tjrr;zr i-are the remainders of thofe Jfrxclites^ who were car ' \l by .'^.;/;;?,i7;.r|'/?>- into Mc\i/u. It's term'd furhirytheCreuty to diftin^uilli it from' the Lt-JJcr in. Europe* il I' V The j4ir of this Country is very different, by rcafon of W, vaft F\'tont fronU('.'tb :,'t.he .Southmoll Parts thereothavinj, the lame [/atmi-le \vi:h the midd'c I'rovinces of .S/u/;;, and tliu* Northmoii- reaching beyond tiie Ar^tick Polar (Circle. VNha: its real pAtent irom A'jff- to f/V// may be, is n^^t certainly known ns yet; onlv tliis we "iJI afRrm in general, thit 'cis much lefs tlun conimonlv (..jppofed, jf the Account j,^iven us by a late jndicicnis Miffionary Part MiiTic feveri nte P an, as Barre and indiii; and tf (who h^rb, (the , the fh tersj lit II 3 W, is to S. !S . to W. rom H, to W. th^ Sep ulcd on vii 'yon. i?!.i and by the E).\^liji\ ounnv, 11. But , which hat th: '■\l by in[?^ullh n of it,' lavinj, ind tl)L' k'lia: i!5 Part XL Tartarj, 255 Millenary /'who fravflied jrom Mofidy to Lhmx, and markM the fevtra I Stages > Ih II • t h-uiuI dkti\^artU to hold true. The oppc- lite Place o! the G.ob- to Un iry^ is part of the vail l-scifick Oce- an, as alto the- Cv.untiits ot c./;///, Vurjgtuj/y and T(^rrj, AhgcUarJcu. '^oil-j This v^ft Country towar'-, ihc North (it lying in the 6th^ ?th, Srh, yth, lorh, nth, 12th, ot. x\'orth'Ciinuit;) is exrrc air.Iy Barren, being every where encunibeiM with unwholefbin ^:arl"hes•, and nninhc-^'iited Mountains; but in the Scuthen'-pirts, the Soil \5 indiiTerei-tly good for Tillage and Grazing, erpociaily ti.e f.atter ; and towards rhc Ejji 'tis reported ro be ai^undantly fertil in Corp, (where duly nianur'd} and feveral foi tsof Herbs, efpetlally Fj.:t hxrh. The iongell Day in the Konhmojt Parts is about two Month.?, (the ^/o; not Setting \r,v that time when near ihc Sumr>t:rSoUhtc) rhe fhorteft in the Souchinojf, is ahcut nine Hours and three quar- tersj and (.he Nights proportionably. Comutotitic?.^ Tlie chief Ccwwo^f/r/Vf of this Country, are Sabl^, Martins, Sdks, Camlets, flax. Musk, Cinnamon, and vaft quanti- ties of Rhubarb, ^V. I^aritiU.] in lieu of tlv;^ r^irhks of this barbarcu.^ and little frf- quented Country, wc may mention that prodigious Wall aividing firtary from chinXf created by the Chi^ejcs, to hinder the frtquenc Incunions of their unwelcome Neighbours, the f'artjr^ • 'twas com- monly reckoned ^00 G::yriLt?i Leag'ies in length, 3 ; Cubits high in molt Places, and 12 in breadth. The time of its building is com- puted to be about 200 Years before the incunation of our jileiTed Saviour. By our lateft Ivelations of the State and Nature of this Country, we find that fome remarkable Vulciuo's are ro belecn m the North and Ealk^rn Parts thereof. 9.tCl)lJt0ljOp;Ul??, &c.] Jrchbijhprids , hijhopncks , VrJvirp^tics , in tliis Country \ noue. n^amiccS ) The tin^trs are a People of a fwarthy Complexion, itrongBodies, and middle Stature. T'he generality of 'em are Per- Ions of broad Faces, hollow Hyes, thin Beards, thick i^ips, flat Noes, and ugly Countenances. In Behaviour they're very Rude and Barbarous \ commonly devouring tlie t!elh of their Enemies, .md drinking their Blood, To loon as they are in rhrir Power. Their ordmaTV Food is Horfe-llefh, which they greedily tear and eat up like lu many Ravenous Vultures. Their manner of living is com- monly in Tents in the open Fields, which they remove from Place to Place, according to the time of the Y ear, and conveniency S 't of Tm i' ; V '■tt ij ■* i • .1' .(■ ' me judi- the /f. Part II. Tartayy. 257 followers o{ M>.homct\ Doftiine, efpecicilly fince the Year 1 2,(5. And towards the La)]i^>7i Sca arc found a confiderable number of livosj thought by fomc to be the Ofl'tpiiog of the Teu Tribes, led .uvay Captive by Sa!vi,vt,jffcr, Thofe oFthe Cliriftian Religion ( o- vcfgrown of late by Is^^lonamfyn) are fc.itter'd up and down in fc- \eiMl Parts of this v ■ — »i- K' m n •i t:, ^ .1 h.. he G'cM' |\'l SxhU. S ^ C i*. ?;;, pan revail in in tliotV i^rt part) ollowcr? .)■;. Hi? '. . 1 -! 258 Part 11 SEC T. li. Concerning CFjUUl. Part il ■; ?.nd •.3'' in in • between between m. t: V Lcnf-r/] from N. E. ro S. U ]N;;bout .80 Miles. yre.idf/i from N. .^ <^ iibcut j:„o Alii- n\ ■ s. '6 North J ^^''^'« " C/J/M.^ contains Sixteen Provinces. ( H' au- Xc7lli- I ( ' V- J t7i.l- k.ifl(r -.. o V /r//7/i — 'oki n^ — H"qnav(t 1^ o fdcm afirc;r;'tt?;f,;7; I'ayvan — — \ E. to Uj ,10 South ^ y^iiy^tuhg" M. allr K:iiy}p7i/jn I "] r * N fJL/J.JJl'r '^ : cch.'U ■ Ijcni -J 1 >E,to\Vi \ J jjimc ("^i/ >;.? C reckojiM by mo(^ Cecgr^ph-rs the Tountry ofr: ^ niicii-nt ^;rt', nu'iirioned by Ptohwy; :uid now boumlcl iH2 tht^ Eall by the Cb vcj!.in Oce.in, on tlie W.ft by ji.ut of /« .:, rfie North by piirrofrwr /i;-;, iuid 0:1 the Soiith by {);ut ot the Orla: Ocejii ) istcinrd by the Frrch, la Chne-, and by tlie Itidi m, 5;;; .ir,i!, Crynans M\d KtipJ/jh, Chiva ; fo called (.icco. ili ng to the befl: m." jedlure; from one of irs iincitnt Monarclis, nnnicd tnia, who is l' fo have livd .Tboiit hfry Vcjr'. before the Nativity ofour 131ellLd>.ri tmr. Many orfier Njin^^s it ihath had fmce that time; for wlieiir'ii Government falls fom one family to anoi ler, the iiili PrinceofrWicter, am. N.ime is fiid to jjive a new Nime to the wliole Counti y ; the bue!l.«"J Di;ime •• !iic!) Modern Niine*;. .'ire Tawifi, I'^jnifymg the Kingdom of h-:W^^^^ of v: .•icd the c ir.] by 'ow?: i th.ic h opS .1 ! e ( :hc Sou I koil.] T ifi^r the n l'I)iM/it,s ii lljrvcfls ir: b Lakes a I aliens kif t:.'i]ylin'd inaiy /]r M^virli all efrteiifd ^ I'^tpajtsi \.o(^is aboi Coiiim.c .lubarb, A-ititicff. tL^ul,;]nd V rhc Tj//o) |i!itaining niL'is liav to Colou m, m.,ke;i allow it 1 one o'[ \ ro k, pre T'nindc 'ciydilfoli g Rell, wl '"■f I-lart n. C^'"--^' 259 and ChuhKjUC, i e. The KiDguoni of the Middle ; x\v '^h nefes v'inin", ihat tlic Earth is IqiMic, and that tlicir Couni. is ll- ^ctd cx.ictly in the middle of it. ■ -S.i' mrj Tlie y'/ ^ of this CcLrtiy is gen: rally vtry TcmpernteXave |"ly row uds the North, \\h:ic 'tis ioiDLtinus iiitolerE.to\V _ \ nrry ofr w bouiiil^l f In ■■ .i, A he 0»/t«:« who I"" I Idled ^^l r when r'! inceotr'i he Luell- 1 of ' '-■ ^oil.] Tills Country (it lying in the 4th, >th,6Lh North Climate) for the mod: o-'iC of a very rich and fertil Soil^ infomuch that its In- jirants in iV, f:;ral Places are faid to have two, and fometimes three i iveds in a Y'::.ir. It abounds with (.orn Wine.and all kind of Fruits. vL'das and Rivers aic very well furvnilit Vvith liOijand ronicalforcl iciis kinds of Pea» Is and Bezoar of g^cat value. Irs Mountains are chlylin'd wi hfeveral Mines of G(dd and SiiVv^r. Its Piajnsare extra- Jinaiy fitfoi PaOurage.and its pie.d'int PoreiTs are every where {lo- dwith all Ibrts of Venilun, In a word tiie whole ('ountry in general. edceniM one of the beft; in die World. Tiie iongeft D. y in the North I'd paits is about i4lIoursand 3 tjuarters, ti^e Ihoi rclHn the ^outli- oft is about loHjursand ^ quarters, and the Nightj proportionable Comm:tittC5 ] Tlie CmmnoditUs of this Country are Gold, Silver^ rcious Stones, Quickfilver, Porcclane Difl.cs, Silks, Cottons, iiubarb, Sugar, Camphire, Mujk, Ginger, Chw^-wood, &c. KaritiCiJ.] Peculiar to th.is Country is a fiiort Tree, with a jound k,iil,;ind Very thick, which in rtip( £r of its Fruit ni. ii (It., fill !• 260 ChirLi. Part. I C/;;w<^ arc fevcral l^'ul J.n'5 (particiilirly th^t Mountain calTd Z:»| fjing) which vofT)irs our liif and Afhes ib furioufly, as fitqusntl to raifc i'ft'nt' l]i(Jct)iis 'JV-mtjcHs in the Air. {C ) Here are fome R vers whole VV^trcf, wit cc! ! . r the top, bur ^^'arnl beneath ; as alfof veral remarkable i'ounUiins vvliich lend forth fo hot a Steam, th People ui'uaily boil Mc.it over them, f; ) In this (Country are f<;v ral Lakes, remarkable for thanginij; Copper into Iron, or mr;king juft of the I. me rtremblancc ,: as aUb for caiillng Storms when aj thing is thrown into thtni. (8 ) In the Illnnd Hutjan there is faid , be Water (unceic.tin whether in Ldce, River or rountain) of fuc a irrange Qiialiry, that it petrifu-s ibme fort of l-illieny are thole TnuvX- J>\hcs (,ro be icen in rnoH-of rhe noted ('irics of this Empire^ ctlcI ed in Honour of fnch Pcrfons as have either done fomefi^^rKtl pice; of Service to the Srate, or have bci'n confpicuous in their tijiies fo their lingular Knowledge. (lO,'' In this Country are fevcral reinar kablt^ /jr/.iVt.f, pirricularly that over a ]{\>ftr calfd Saff'any^ vvhic! reaches from one- Mounr.un to another, being fcur hundred Cubir loii'T, and five huiidrtat for a particular AccQun tf tiieui, 'L^^f Kir:hcyn}\ China ilhijlrata. Qrdjl)iSlj01)ri'^i>' ?v':.~l /tnh^} jhpr'cks, !-:Jly)pr-uh,ar Trniverfitics, are liar^^^y to be expciied here; however this Country (according tothe Teftlmony of i^oi.'ifii Mi^li'uiiries) isfcirniflit with fome of thefe, Pc- lin lUnfwn and M^cr.o, hwing each of 'em a particular Bi(hop,nomi' n.red by the K of VnytuiriJ, .md the orhcr Provinces are under theju- rifdic^ioii of three Apoiinlicil \'icTis Uider which EccJefiaftical Superiors, thsrc are (by their relations) above two hundred Churches cr private Chapeii dedicated to t!ie Tiae God. fart II. Cportt-d [j;s '^^^^ lorld noH iyof 'Uicrj lors to otl [■incti.mes| I'igular iiik bet' Jquir'd b] ure, Proi |io Alphal Letters w j^lit^u of {own the kremely Imblancej IVords, leded to ligioifs m liemfclve* iiaiiitance Jlriginal U lice, yet: Ime Terrr ling to th Imts ther< ugnicnts longue t( Bompaniet lerfon cai |.iKWt?r of I thriftians ff right I K Page ( C^A f^ttmurs^ : The Chhw: \ P.-; Ibns f )r the m-ofl p.irt of a fair Corn- 1 ^)lexion, Ihort Nos\i, blfck'd I'yM, and of very thin Beards ) are jijreat Lovers of Sciences, aiid geperal'y rllecm'd a very ingenious! iViit of i'eop.'e. Th.ey're laid ro hwe ha«i th- li'" of Printing, Gun- powder, aad the Mariners, Cotiipals Ion-' I ^^rt. any of them was known in Unrobe: but fnr v/ant of due Impiovement, thtfe uft^ful /nvenrinns have not turn'd to near fo good an Account among them, )l as in Europe. Diveis of 'em are intleed con(ide»ahIe Proficients in fe- 1 veral Parts of tU^ Mathem iticks efpecially Anthnnuk, Geometry, and "i| jfh'ouow)' ; and fo conceiced are they of th.?ir own K^owlege in thefe si ^hii-i^'S .md fo nicin a.rc iLoir Thoti[j(its of ottitrs, that 'tis gener;il'V reported krticulaj- (nee to [the Or 'Subjt'^ bLaw, R feen Part II. Chi htna. n 6i 'art. I jequantl fome rI as alfoll :e«m, thi { arc frv making when aji ' is laid tl ) of fuel vlitn the' ; Triuv:n}A ire; cri.ct ;nal pi^ce tijnes fol ral re marl I'^jy, vvhic!J 'tii Cubi'l 'lK"n:e 'ci ther of fi> oad. ftanJ. efpciciallj r Accoum 'rfitics, aie! pin a to the thcfe.Pc- iop,nomi'| Jer the Ju- IcJefiaftical Churchcj' Lpoitc-il of them, tliat (fpeaking of ihemfelve.*;) tlicy commonly |jv That they h^vc tvpo t.jes^ the European cfie^ and the refl- of the lorlil none at all. '1 hey wlio wholly apply themfclves to the Stu- |y of 'Sciences, ..id make fuch Proficiency in 'em, as to become Uo- cors to ochcis, are dilVinguifii'd by their long Nails, fufFering *cin Lnctimes to grow as long as their Fingers, that being e{leem*d a TitTular Chara^leriftick of a profound ischolar, and a differencing lark between them and Mechanicks. tansuSi!^-^ The Littjguage of the Qhmois is extremely difficult to be Luir'd by i>trangers, and differs from u]I others, both as 'to its Na- ure, Pronunciation, and way of Writing, (i.) Its KatHr4. They ufe 10 Alphabet, as Europeans do, and arc iiAonifticd fo hear that by 24 Letters we can exprejs our Thoughts, and fill Libraries with Kooks» lnli<;u of an Alphabet, they forriierly ulcd Hieroglyphicks, letting town the Images of things for the things themfGivcs ; but this being trremely tedious, -nd like wile defcitive (there being i]o iuch Re- Imblances of pure Ablhaitsj they then made Characters tofigninf." iVords, numbring ti>cm according to tiie number of Words they leeded to exprtfs their Ideas ; which Chai alters arife to fuch a pro- ligious multitude, th^.t not only Strangers, bur even the Natives femfclve*, find it a very dilHcuIt m.Ttter to ;4cquiie <*n intimate Ac- Laintance with them afl. ('.) Its I'rOmiriCiation. Although AX the [Iriginal Terms of this Tongue are only three h'lndied and thirty iiiec, yet fuch is their peculiar way of pronouncing rht-m, that the ImeTerm admits of various and ev'n contrttry S'igniiic.nions,accor- Ing to the various Accerwt in pronouiKinj^ it. And of th-^fe Ac- cnts there are Mve applicable to nvery Term, wkicli extremely Ignients the ditliculry of either fptakin.g or underflanding this longue to perfection; liefides, the Prcnunci-^rion thereof is ac- [ompanied with fuch variety of Metier^"* of r';e Hc^nd, tha^t a mute lerfon can fpe^k almofl intelligibly' by his I'-i.ngers. And as to the \nnirofWrni>g, they ililFer from all other N.ttions ; for whereas Ihriftians write from ih^ left Hand to iVx riglir, and the 'jcvo; fioni bright to the left, they ufually make their Lines from the top ci IvPage down to tlic bottom. Ifair Com* ards] are jingenious ig, Gun- Ithem was Itfe uffiful Mig them, tnts in k- if try, and in thefe Igenf^riflly 1 reported CODenuntnt.] This great Kingdotn was formerly under its own Krticulaj- King or Knipcror, but of bte o\/ej-run and conquered by h lartars, to tv'liom itj at (jrefent fub/efl, ^icknnwkilt.'irig due fii]W- Vice to the Gifat Chuiiy whole Cinvcrnrncnt is as Dt^fpoticd .tsanv Ifthc Oriental Monarclis ; for he hath lull powrr over the Lives nf I^Subjefts, the Princes of the Hlood not exccpred. His hire Word is TLaw, and his (jlwuminds admit of Jio di.)iy nornegl^-^V llcislU- pfccn, and never fookc with, bur upoji the Kn:^$ (.'j^on h'\K De.irh- «)t tji? im '.ftti :62 a ')tna. ..i : I. 'I J » 4t> Hf •Jii Pattli Death-bed he may dioofc his Succ(dior out of w Iiat l^'.miiiy h ^' P't' or the better managir.g tlie great Aiiaiis ot tliis niii fuy \i iPart I] |;:gns Ar hour, t, ho [IS. 1^ feth. pire, he's aililted by two .Scnercigii CouDcils ; Oiie t'xtrairdinay) cornpos'd of i'rinces oftlic Blood only; ;.nii the orlicr O-i/.-r; J which bcfides the Piinces, doth eonfift of Icvcral Miiihlers oFSt;it] calfd Colaos. But over ynd iibove tiKlctwo Councils, there -rt Pekin fix Sovereign (]oiirrs_, wliofe Authority extend over all theGj] pire, and to each of them bciong diiierent Mutters ; ^iz. (/J that Court cali'd Lupoit, whicii pi elides over all the Mandarins, r,r confers upon, or tikes fiom them their Offices. (2.) Honou, whi,; jooks after tlie i'ubhck Treafury, and takes caie of raifing tne T (^j» lipoUj wliich ini'petts jnto Ancient CuUoms ; and to it is cor mitred tlie Care of Religion, Sciences, and i'oreign Affairs. finj'ou, which hath charge of tile ."ioKljery, and other OlTictMs ( tUnjpQUj which inquires and pdies Sentence in all Criminal Alatrn Ladiy, CofKpott, vviiicli looks .ifcer ;11 PubJick Buildings, as the E; peror's i*a!ace-., ami fuch like. In e.ch of thefe Courts t.he F-m; ror h:-ith one who may be tern^'d a ■ mate Ccufor; it being his BuBcf M.-n finefs to oblerve all that palieth, and to acquaint him fiithfu therewit.h, wliich makes all Perfons very caution.', in their A^ti mi :ol..trv Cfrhe'ft ■.'t CWO ( Emperor thcnilclv other is ( of their ( Vears be] At:lions look upo to teach evi owl m Over each Province is ;5ppointcd a Vice Koy, and under him a grq many Publick Oliicei s. Vo Ihun OpprelTion of the Subject by thtlj ^'arious Minillers, the Emperor before the Tartarian Conqueft, had! certain number of fecret J>>pies in every Province, to have a watct fal Eye upon rlie Actions of every Publick Otficer, and upon anj vifible Aft of I.ijurlice in difclr.u ge of his Office, they were to pro duce their CommifFion, and by virtue thereof did feize fuch anO:; cer, tho'of the higlicil Station ; but this is laid nfide, thofe Perfo having mightily abus'd their Power, Vet in lieu thereof) they (}i| retain one CuAoni, vvliich is certainly very lingular, njiz,. That ry Vice-Koy and i'ublick Otllccr is bound to take a Note of his jMifcarriages in the Alanagcment of Publick Affairs from tiir.ei time, and humbly acknov.'iedging the fime, is bound to fend tli: in Writing to (]ourt. Which Task is undoubtedly very irkfomcl one llandj if da^y rerfnrm'd ; but yet more dangerous on the othti if wholly neglciiied. Very rem.irkuble arc Three jMiixims of Sr'tj carefully oblerved by the Chincfiaii Emperors, 'viz* ifl. Never to any MajidarhiA I'ublick Oilice in his Nativ/e Province, left beingof mean Defcent, it miglit contribute to h.is Difparagement; or I ;:! Well defcended and beloved, he Ihould thereby grow too powcrfii] I'X. To rettin at ('ourt the Children of the Mandarins imployeJ Publick 0!lic.:s, and t!iat under pretence of giving tliem good LJ cationjbut its, in tlF* d', as Homages, lell their Fathers fhould c'nr to forget tiieir Duty to tlie Emperor. La'Hy, Never to fell any I'l; Jick riffice, but to confer the (.ww^:^ according to Perfons Merit? I pretend J jinculcate Im ny Tt la Man, V ):ing up; hvI;o u ; o Ills room pspoffibi pus in all tliem, vi kad t'lul Deportn] iMilHonal ill this (1 pre lent kit a!l ti of the VJ •V an an lU'ords. 'I Paitl fdit 11. Chin u. 265 -'til y lie; ithry In, r OrdirLv rs of St..; here ' r: alltLeG 'z. (i.j iarins, r>n , OUy whi,; flnns. j The Great C/;jw, as King cf China, is fai J to benr for En- I Mib Arn-iorial, Jrgcnt, Three Blcick-moors Heads, place! in the llrcnr, their liuft \elied ui:hs ; but (according to cchcrs; two Dra- gons. rel'iliion.j The prevailing Religion in Chna, is Poganiini, or grof*;; l^oLtry ; and in 1'omt Pairs the Doctrine of A'.'? /.'owi't is entertained.. if rhe Icveral Id^ls to wiiom the Chtncjcs pay their Devotions, there. l^re two of chief Ncte, i/.r. One in Form of a Drnc^on, whom th.e- - , —Emperor with his Mandarins do religioully worlhip, proftraving tne Trixc«thcml"elves frequently before it, and burning Inc^nfc unto it. The oitis ccfTiBcthtr is call'd lo, or ice, fet uj) C'^'- i^ conjedtur'd) jn favour of one airs. ''4Bcf their own Natioi^ who is thougli': to iiave llourilh d about loco lliicers (;HVears before our lil'.lied S iviour, and for his wonderful Parts and al Matrer«Ai:lions was eftcenit;d worrh.y of being Deify'd at his Drath. They as the EJlook upon him as the Saviour of the World, and tliat he was fcnt t!ie f.m;Mto teach the way of Salvation, and make an Atoncnnnt for the Sin',, ng his BuBcf M-H. They miglitily piize feme Moral Precepts v.-hich they 1 faithfuilBpretend he \*:\\^ and wlilch tfie Bo7iics (or Pritils) do frequencly eir AttionBinculcate iipon the Tvlitids of the People, To this God are cre6lcd himagreaBmny Ttmple. ftately Throne ( notttt among Travellers in thefe Fnrts) is l.iicl lo ftaiul iipoi Tc and Kar.. over-laid vvitli cnameird Gold, anil adorned with fc. cr large Diamonis llubies, ind other precious Scones. Thr C^fio-, over the Tlirone is fer thick with carious Diamonds, and ruriou'l ed with a Fringe of Pearl. Abn'e the Canopy is the lively V-j] giesofa Pejroil^ whof:." 'I'ail fparkles with blue Saphires.and od::j Stones of ditf- rent Colour? ; Ids Body is of enamellM Cold ietwi Jewels, and on his Bre.iit is a lArge Kuhy, from whicli hangs a If.-. as big as an ordinary Pea." On both udes ot the Throne are r^ Umbrella's of curieiij red Vflvet, richly emoroidcred with Gol: and encompalTed with a Fri-^e of I\arl ; the very biicks whcri( are alio cover'd wifh Ptf.:rls, Rubies and Dian.orcls, Over Dpaii the Emperor's Seat is a ciioice J.-wel with a ho'e bored thro' i^, which hang^ a pro.ligious big Diamond, with many Rubie:^ , Emeralds round aboniir. Thefe, and reverc'l otliers noth-r ,: , tioncd, are the coltly Ornaments of thhhiii.in Throne, whicii ( all related of it be true) cannot be matchLd by any oths,r Mondrcl upon tiieFace of the whole Farth. (l-mewhat to than of rhe N'cgroes. In Jjchavidur^ Civil; in tl Deilirig., pretty Juft; and many of thj Mechanical fort prol wonderful hn\enious. I Part rin;i lithe 2!l!i'rs tisPle ion ol Primo^ ry'j by rally ^a and' A 11 ICourt ; all his ijucToi Perfons would I ':ude of oblig'd I Were ii cjfrequ ami?: Ipeculiarl Iwitliin lEltate otxtto EiTibra< !Lr;n:iui:c.] Both here, and in the fwo P^;j/>/;//.f s hereafrern^E|[^^^^^^-^| tioned, are various L.iri^ujges^ anil thcle again d^-ided into di tf:- leve a Diileds; but t\\Q /n\ibick is ftill ufed in their RUigious Oifaff°."^"^'| Among the feveral Lutigu^iges Ipolan in th? Aio^^it/'s Dominion C-i^i^a^'i lOKi lie is reckoned the chief and is tv ffiv ided it prive a I |ni.igine^ 'rtdturl \k &fth ypa' Kingdoms of C:nnbjy.i and Bcvgah \ but the rerj'u}i is faid to be; tavgujigt' of the Court. C5ol>cvii:J!"iit..i This vaft Body comprehends a great manv '' Ijeving i doms, fome of which are free, fome iabject ?o orhers, and i: ,.P''''ide d pey frej mns th( cm Tributary tJ one Sovereign, namely tne G>e:it Mog- Govcrnm;:nt is moft Tyra;nnicul, for he hath bo-Ji the I i'afons of hii Subje^U wholly i^.t his Difpufa), and iiLoru-i^') Per\ Part ill fhronc (in upo-; Ft fitU re'.\.'ri| lit' C'lno'.i i '."iKlUi' lively rifij I, and on. old let vvi ir^sa it;. jiic are m with GolJ cks uhcrr. 3ver affair! thro' i^ i| Rubi(^ jth-r ;: , le, \*hicn I'^r MoDdrcl >/L';e5 ,Kc: this vaftti of the In! of ' m he or M.'.rr. ' le moft :iun inciin ivil ; in ti :al fort yroj ereafrerre into ditT^; ^ious Ornc oir/mions' y ulVd in ii fa id to be: t manv ^' s, and r the > ' ii Lore b: Fait IF. I/! Ma. 267 p-in:Hc:'ir of every Mans Fftjte. His Imperial Sf.-at i> ordinary at /;; 7, which i:; a vc;y rich and populous (Jity, lying in the Province |(,f rhe fjmj Name, and rhc Metrnpolh ot the wliolft Empire. If he ill(nvs pucrnni Inh-rit nee any wliere, the (ainc is rcyc^liable ac liisPleafuic. His bare Wi!l is the f^^iw, and his Word a fin^l Deci- sion of ail Controverfics. The Indian Diadem is not entailed by primogeniture or the Sons, but is either ravifht by Force, or car- r\'a by C'^ifr, of iuch who ftand in Competition fur it; lie gene- rally fut ceeding to the Throne, who hath moftly gainM the Favour hnd AlTiltai ce of the Omrahs ii^d l^Uhobs, \A'i:hoLhtr '"Jrandcesat Court ; and upon hi fnltilm at therein, he commonly facrificeth all his Rivals and nearcft Relations, reckoning his Throne to be hue Tottering, unlefs its Foundations be laid in the Blood of fiicli perfons. His Revenue is indeed ib vaft, that a bare Relation would fe^m incredible; but proportionably to the fame, are his rieccflary ways of imploying ic ; for to awe the prodigious multi- tude of People within the valt extent of his Dominions, he*s oblig'd to keep in daily Pay, many Legions of Si Idiers ; otherways Were impoifible to command the turbulent /(ij^ih, ^vho (as it is) ej frequently make Infurreftions, anddiftuib his Government. flrtriBf ] The Enfigns Armorial of the Gredt Mogul, are f^id 10 be hfl^tn , Seme with Befancs, ^r. As for particular Coats of Arms, [peculiar to private Perfons, as in Eurcpi^ here arc nom ; no Mjn Iwitiiin the Mopul*s Dominions being Hereditary, ciihcr to his lEltate or Honours. raltston.] Thelnhabitantsof this Country are moftly Pagan jand Kit to Pagayiifm the Religion of M^i-owet prevails ; it being chiefly embraced according to the Comm( nraries of Morf/V //(^/j'. Of the |Fugj»x, here are various Sedsand Orders urn. aig 'cm •, particular- ly the Baniatis^thc Ferpcs and l-dciuirs. (i.) The Bxtiirns^ who bi^.-' lieve a //c']4/^.4v;/w!r/<, or Tranfmigration of Souls, and thereupon ioufually build Hofpitals for Bealis, and will upon no account de- prive any Creature of Life, lell thereby tht-y diilodgc fas they [in ;•^■■ 1-^4 '}\ i: .jh f(i J I, i! t II ''m ■ i 268 hi^Lt. Part II. z. e, Worfhipp>?rs of Fire. Belides the Fire, they have a great W. nerar.i.'jn for ch; Cock. To kill the one, or extinguifh the other, i- eft -emM Dy 't.n a Crim? unpirdonablc Their High Pri.ft is call" Dejhoor, an.lfh:. 1: arciinary P nW^ Daroox i)T H.irhoods, Laftly^ tr.: Fdluin^ (a kind ot' Pv^eligious Monks) who live very aiifterc Live? b.'lng much given to tailing, and leverdl Ads ot" Mortihcation ;ar.:! forne (iS a voljnrary Penance) make iokmii Vows of keeping ilicir Hands claTpM about thtir H.ads ; orhers held ont- ('and ic me bo:'; Arms} Itreicht out in the Air \ and a tht^ufand luch ridicuK;us Pc. fttires, and all during Liie. Which Vows once nude, th-y racr.vJ ly obferve - noLwithitandir.g the Oblervatibn < t" 'cm is atten'.el' with exquiite Pain. Molt uf liie Jyiiur.s believe that the Rive- Givs,''<; hach a fa nttify ins Qi^ialiry ; whereupon they tiock thi hirA certain Seafons irj v.^il Mudiitud; s, ti. ) 1 -nae thtniiclvcb thcrtirJ Difperfcd thro' the ;Vj9^u/'s Dominions i>> a torhderai)le number cil j^erpj ; and upon the Sr-uCoail^ are many Europ'j)? Chnftid7is, li upon the account oF Traiiiek. ThoV parrsot/wd// ^ hich rccfiudl the iiltrlTed Gofpel in torm-r ntncs, were inAiutt.d therein (aii gc icrally believed) by the Apoftle St. Ihoma^. 6 2. Tie Peninfula oj India muhifx the Gciiigcs. I-Jame] 'X^His large Country [comprehending the feveral Kir^^ X doms above-m --ntiond ; and now bounded on the En by the Guifof M'fxr'o ; and on the Welt by M.irs yinlhu^ -^ on'h North by part ot the A,V{j; of thi, Country is generally very nof, yet in mnft the Maririme places, 'lis fretjucntly qualiri.d by ccdH HreiZcshc the S.a. T'le oppoiirc place ot the Giwbe to this Vciiirfuh. is t part ot ih*. Pacitick Ocean, becwet-n i^^ind gi^ude, with 17 and 25 Degrees of 5ou!h Latiiude. '*rmM The Soil of this P'-virfuU i, {U>r the muft part) exfraor,, iiJiy. F^-^Tll, pro^luting all dcinablt Fraits, Roots ana Grain, b: fidji vaft quanti'-i'S Of Xledlcinal Herbs. TIil* longjH Day in tl; Northinoft Par^sof tlii-. Country is about: 13 Flours and a half, t!' fhorteli in ih-' Southmo)^ i^ u Flours and a half, and the Ni^^r: priqioitionably, v;amm«n:tifff j The chit fC^mwjoi/uf^ of this Country, are Ucr.ir Sdk, Cottons, Pv.'aris^nrugs,Datt\5,Coco's, Ricc/iir^er,Cinnjni ' 4^ D grees ot Lt; Fart II Xrcw, ca ItvcryM thfPay ;n r,:e N Rock, o lull Sea ru i/ons, ihcTti lumber cil ifl'iins, a ll 1) rcCfr.idl rein (aii( fart I r. hjciia. I'OC) K.Uitie-5.] In feveral Places of tlic* Klngd'-mof Dicx^i^ isano^ed Ticw, caliM l)y Trav -Ikrs ih-- A';r:' Z/r^'., wliolc X.Hur; is liich, that every Mo' nin;j 'ii>, lull oMh-in^\ i :\] llow.rs, \\!',ich indichcttof :hL' l)>iy t'*ll down in Sho^t.-rs to clu Gii ui;-! ; ard hi Homing a^ain ;n r.;e Nighr, it daily appears in a fu w f.iveiy. rr.) In [he Kiard .Vj/jc^i^» adjacent to Cox, arc v^ift K. » t.ei.'tacles cut » u. ot the \\\d\\\ ;-,olI:, one tiboveanotli.r, fi nie'tF'.ni bei g cq '.M in l)igncls .o d Vilhfc,-^ of 4tugut'-^yy and called /,;;/;j?;rc?,f!om a liu^c atLihciil bIepha'.;tof Stune, !x : ^ng a young ij:;c upon its liack) is anodicr IdMlatrous Temple of a prodigious I;/rciS cutout of the firm Rock. *l'is luj^ported by 42 I'^iilars, ai.d (,cn on all lules, except rhc Laid, where liaiKis an Image wirh :.,reL* H'.'ads, adom'd wiih ftrange Hiorrog'yphicki', and tlie \A jI.'s re l>t round with monltroiis (giants, whereof fome have no Kl:* \:ir, eight Heads (5.) At a City in the Kingtom of Dt;ca}:, known :oTrav. ilers by rhc Name of Purgcv-'f^y is another Heathen Tem« [1 ■, much the linic with that a^ovc-mcjitioird. eral KirjjJ )n the Eal i^ 'j on 'i uth by t J rirdjtu.-.djoi'^ick", &c.^ .'hLl:biji:oprit.ks, Dijlrprith^Vnivfyfiti^^St^one ly the A' DUnt of l': igcs^ in r : in moft e- z.stic: lih. is t! . C3 ot Lc; pxfraor, Grain, b- Day in t: a halt, ti- the Niji",: re McM'J CinnaiT^'l III'' V)Mv.t\:s 1 The Natives of the various Provinces of this Pentrpu- /.;, ,^re much the lame in Mufrf7t'n with thofe in the Sou Jit ra Parts ot the .LV;.'/i/'3 Dominions already mention\l. L HTiianc] The chief of the hdiati Ton^^ues in this iefii)ifuJx^ ire two, vi^, the Cinbirii: moftly i 1 ul> dboui ou/, and the G^arita which is rpoken in Uijnjgar^ and in the CoaiiJ oi LororiurdtL Co'JCinir.rnt I In this /Vw/Vj/u/j are a gre-a: many Princes, who af- i'.ime to themfelves tiie Title of Rings; the chief of 'em b ing thofe \CilhUty Cochin^ (.\l*utlor^ Crxrpxtwr^ Irx-jxrjor, ar.d 1 Vior \ b-Mid'r?:^ 'hich, aic feveral fo'ts of People in variv:.Ui IVirts ot this Country, ho acknowledge Sut)je^hon to none of theie, nor to anyotrier w |nur can they accord among themfelves, being cf^mmoniy divided nto various Parti^'S, who pifitiiDy hanh one another \ and thole •1 r he Coaft ^^itAAlibnj are much adiictcd to Pyracy Clrmsl t' i i: i ! , i I fSt 70 IfjJ/.t. Part 11.1 iia: What arc the true Enu^ns Armoilal of thefe IndLmi Princes, [or if any] is mofily conjcdural ; all we fird of 'cm is tbit fome iii IJecan and Cambjiu bear IVr^', enconipaffcd wich a| Collar oMarge precious Stones. ii\tlig(OK.] The Inhabifanrs of this Tevirifuli are g^enerally Mdomt Urts^ efpecially thofe who li^e near the Sca.Coalts, I ur People re-l liding in the 1 rd.ind Parts arr grofs Idolaters, woi ihippirg not orly the Jttw and /Mew, butalfoininv Idilsot'moft ugly and horribiel Afpefts; and in fome Parts of Pc-aw they look upon the firfl Crea.l turc rhey meet with in the Morning, as the prop-r Objeil of theirj Worfhip for that Day, except it be a Crow, the very ligHtcj which will confine them to their Houfes the whole Day. In mo\\ of the Sea-Port Towns and Places of Trade, are fev^f in coniider- able Numbers, and many European Chriliidfjs^ efpecially thofe of car Ff'gliJ}? ¥;i(\o:Ws. Chriiiiaiiity was firf^ planted in this Country much about the fame time with the Mogul ii Empire. Of which al ready. § 5. T/je Pcninfula of Indid hejondthe Ganges. /^aUK.] "PHis laft Divifion of Jndh [Bounded on the Eaft hyl(\i:iji;i3f Cl:hht\ on the Welt by the Gulf of 7^ew£4/ ; on thel North by part of the Mo^jm/'s Empire j and on the South by fornelniiniW of the Indim Ocean]) is term'd Pctihifuh Indite extra Cavgem^ or A dii beyo'fid th?. (hvges^ becaufeofits Situation; it lying beyond rha. famous River, in refped of the other Pemnfulat or the Weftern Parts of^//4 iii general. SirJ The /iir of this Ven'mfHh is fomewhat different^according to the Situation and Nature of the various Parts of that Country, yt: generally efteem'd indifferent healthful and temperate enougli • . .con'-dering the Latitude of thofe Places. The oppofite Place ci 'oi'.cn in the Globi^ to t'.is rtnivfiihy is that part of M)vj ZeUniU^ between ^3gc tiic 110 and 230 D grecsof Lon^itudtjWith i to 24 Degrees ot Suutli Latitude. '^"Of." The ^(il of this Country (it lying under the ift,adnnd^ Nortli-Climat^'j is extrao:ilinary lertil, producing in great Pkn ty all fo^^s of deiirable Fruits and Grain-, befides 'tis well ftocl' with invaluible Mines, rind great (juanrif y of precious Storic>; yei To vdftly Rich is this Country, that the Suuthmoli part the ccl (viz. i'jperfjncj'e iCor) is eitjeni'd by many to be the Land of OriM to which ii\n^Sjlou;on fent his Slups for Gold. The longcitDjj d Kingc bje6t toi vers och e Ancle indy as t 11. He li Coclfim rt I I^dta. PartllJ d of 'cm is iffcd «»ich al people re- ^g noc only nd horribiel ? firft Crea.l jeilof thei ^ry light cj /. In mtftl n con(ider-| is CountrvP'"""^^^* *'^ ^^^'' ^"^'^ ^'"^ ^^'^ \'^(^\it the two famou, Cjf7t':iif^s, i. c. >f whichal'B*^ llubies of proc'.i^ious Value, ab(u: which the Ne"g;iDcuiing " "incts frc(|ir.:nily coitcnding, have draAn Seas of ijlood frum i.hothers Subjects, and all from a vaia Opirjor., 'Ih:it the Pof. ;;ion of Lhofe Jcwc^; carry altng with 'cin a juft Claim of Dou.!- jiiover the Neighbouring Princes. he Eaft hy| $\i-ijt'i3{joy?i:K?, S;cO ^^'''■^-'^(/'^■^P'-'^i^'^ 'Lmvcrjitks. None, ii/ ; on thel ith by forfle|r}3J".nct0 j What was faid of the Natives of the other PdT^ifijlU ia 27T the Northmofr Parts is about 13 H( ursan'1 an half ; the fhorteft »:;'heSouthmott, near about 12 Hours, and the Nights propoi,-- .onaDly. CommoHitictf.] The chk( Commoditi^-s of this Country, are Gold, ;;,er, prcciou, Ston-js, Silks, Poicelline Earth, Aloes, Musk, Rhu- iibf Alabarter, ^c, '^.intitg.'] Among the /^/>'mV; of this Country, we mav reckon the hj^ii Houlis in the City of Arrdc:iv^ being a large Hill in the r.g's Palace, whoft? iniide i-intirely overlaid wiih Gild, haviiii'' itaccly Canopy of \la(Ty Gold, from the Pdges of which han^ }.ve ic:^CQmbdkvghi\ or large Wedges of Gold in form o^jugar- |,0ave-. Here alfoare feven Idols of Mjffy Gtd 1, (.f tlie heigirc f.i" ,1 ordinary Man, wh^fc Fjiehcads, Jii:eafh,^nid Arms ^re adurn'd I'.h variw^ty of precitUi S:cne^, a^ Ru ;ics, Eir.jr^l.ls, Saphires ^nd anges. igem, or A' )cyond that le Weften xordirg to nintry, yt: te enoug ite Place iy between es ot Soutli ft,adnnd ; ^reat Plcn well ftocl^ torit'>; yejj art the coj (t of nt\:[\ oiii^jCltDai lint {)i NiamicYSy the fame may beaiiirm'd of ciioll- inhabuing this. '.,? various Europeans here reliding, are much the lame in Man* with the refpedtive People of iiwro^d fiom whence they came, l3n!Xu32M The chief of the /w^uw Tongues in this PfwrV/w/i. is lat called the lAjUje^ molliy uled in lYiJacca', but beiidcs tl.e Vd.- ous/wi//jn Tongues, bo'li in the Mo^iil^ Umpire, and rlie tv/a rmfiiU\^t f-'^t^ rortugiie^s LiU'^Uigc is cummorly undei flood ard loi^en in all Mariiime Towns of Trade, It bemg the chief I.in> jagc that's nCcd in daily Commerce bjCweea the fr^'.>;ili- diid Ki- ves of that Countryo Ooiientmcnt.] In this Vemnfnlx are a great many diff^r^ru S^atc; d Kingdoms, particularly that of Pcj^m, (a very ruh kingdom) bje^t to ic^own Monarch, whofe Sovticignty is acknu^vLdged by* |v'crs other confidcrubje States, as Af^m, /h-jca-fi and ///;/./, bclides Ancient -fcrariiwj.r/;;, and other People living on the Wcfv of bi, as the Ljfes, Jimocuss^Cufysi and Cioca>if/.es, all 'i'ributary to |ni. Here alio are the rich and HaurilhingKiiigdams of /'fi 4- I \J 272 hidia. Part 1] mighty potent Prince, able to brin^ into the Field vaft Muhir; •01 i.\.-i\ u;'> n .ill otcafions. An I L.ijtly, 'J'h; Itingof .s;ur/j (to uhoi a ^reat many Piinccs are Tiibutaiy) iS'.ft 'cmcd one of the nchtl and moft potenr Moaatch^ ot" all rhe frialt, and aflurnes (as fori alledjv-) theTitlj(>.t the Rin^ ot //t\rj:'w and Eirth'y and yctn,:] withltandin^ his mighty Force and Trcaiure, heisfaid to Ws T: buary to the lunufij and to pay Lntm Yearly a certain kini Homage, 9rmi.] We find no Hiti^faOory Account of what Fnfiijns Armci.j are born by thcfe Eaflern Princes ; or if any at ail. ttelijon,] The Innahirants of this /'f"?;i'://xo-n, Tliey have aUb many Hermits, wh: they divided into G'^f/'', A'lnigrr'in and T.iligrepij who are all jireat Hrteeni amon^. the Pc'ople. Chniiianity was \)lanted heiJRaiJit ] n^uch about the lame time with the other Vcmrifnl.i already r: tion'd» % (' >'. SEC Part iMart \ Multim. m (to vaIkii filie richti les (as fo ind yet njj d to bs T: tain km J u ;ns Armoi.J erally gri] [bevc^r A'.; Pjg.m II :i Liver iMr;..: nly well :„ n el,evvhc: lviiig,clo:: es and Cr:. jured by c rir Lan^U2 ledtio G'uir emits, \vh. arc all; \)lanted he; licady r:,t II. SEC T. IV. Concerning JJccfuT^ d. 1" f 7^'^ 3^^?rar ^ t^ C L^^m^t'i from E. to W. h between ^ ^^ 00^'^°"/^ about .440 M.le,. f)between/ '-^ +°?.of Lat.V^/^'V"'' ^T m', '" ^- " |:'sd!vlJci] into many North, f/'v- ' Gdand -• Rrai h Provinces, i MidJIc','v'^ < ^'-tZ' ynhrcon - i Tit^ c ■ VV. to L". SEC 5anie]'r)/^?/7,» r known ro tlie Aficitnts by the furx Name, aiiuL X ionic others, but of a inoch iMv;^^ Extent th.in at pre- cnt ; bctni^ now bounded on the t^ft by the l'les^ an illuftrious Lr)id in the Country of l»m^ who for his Merit is faid to have obt un'd tlie Government ot he People, and to have calTd both Country and Iiduibitants after lis Njme. But finally, oth'-TS do eagerly plead for an He'rciv I^tyino- ogy, deriving tlie Name from the Word, CD'ti;'^,^ :. f. Equ tes» -or 'tis reported of the Inhabitants of this Country, that before be Reign of C)rvf the Great, they fcldom us'd to Ride, or knew very ttic how to manage a Hoi ' -rwards in nun.iging Hoi oile;and tliaf fiich was thtir Dexterity at- Jifcs- thi't this Country is faid to nifumeics ri I-' ^^■M Name ^ / ■ ■lH 274 ^ Perju. Parti] Name fiom tint Animal. lor the ftrengt'inlfig of which Oijunoij they farther obltive, ri^at the TnJc of * .r//.^ is iiOt ro(.,id n, ,, liooki otiloly Scriptuic^which were wjitrcji bttoie th:; tunc c^Cypru .'\v - Sir.] The ^.'J* of tins Country is very tern: era-% efpec wards the Nort!i, btyoiv! the vad Mouiiraifi of /:?.'.';.< ; bur in {] Southern Provinces 'crs fcoichiji*; hot for icveul Mo.;rns f in pofitc Place of tiie Glebe to Peyfta, is part ci Mare del /io\ btti'. . 250 and 280 Dc:j;iccs of Loiii^ca 'c, v.iAx 23 and 40 Dv ijicci South Latitude. , Country C it^ Ivinr; in the 3d and 4th N" riiniittc) isveiy difllrciii: j for in tiu Wm them Pai 15;, adjacent T.iTtury and the C-*l'pia>} Su., riic GrouiKJ [•i vtry barren, produci;,^ but Jictlc Corn, and few i-ruirs. i?ur wSourh of Mount ir.urusr'o Soil is fai'l to bc(-::rraordi!:-jy ferri), the Countiy pleaiant and pjcai tiful of Coin, I'liiirs. Wnits, L,' c. aifo.dn ^ ,:l!'. loaie rich MinJ of Gold and Silver. J iic loiigei} Day in tlic Norrhmoil \\\n^, about 14 Hours and tlire. oii.Ti ttrs. r!u: iliortef} in the Southnioll ;| ^3 Hours iiad ."> tfuArctr, liiid tiic N;g!iis proportionably. C0!ni110"Dit{cs.J The tbi r ('G:j-,7nodiiics of tliis Country, <^rc c; rious Silks, CiUpers, TmIucs, M^nuFrfituies of Gold, Silk and ^. ver, Seal-Skins, Goat bkins, Aj^baQci, and all forts of Mciah, Myrrh, Fruits, 6"--. tir. jperor's. liTimoijl) r:li ; cm [a lo ib ,Mi'es I ifoiiuid ./ih.ive |:!es Noi [oJ agair invetcr ;^uts ten who |;Ni^:ht ihuruiie lie are fc [certain 1 lountain^ llmtic!^.'] This Country (.imong ir? cln.,f /w;!-..?*:;) doth yet bo'i' of the very Ruins of rhc once proud PaJ.ice of Ptrf'po is, fo fnno of old, and now call'J by the Inh.ibit.inrs (^hil-yK.iuQr, iignifyir, Vorty Pillars ; which imports, tliitio rn my were fl-:inding fon: /Vges ago ; but at ptefent theie's only nineteen remnining, togeth; with the Knins of about ei-^Iuy more-. Tiiofc I'librs, yel" ft.indini] ?re of excellent M u Lie nud about fifteen Toot high ; for a particu h,x Draiiglu of Vmh, v^ irh rlie Opy of feveral Infcription:, in m Icnov. n Characters, niid* Pkihj'. Tranj t>o 20:, & - lO. (2.J In the Cin u( Ifpahfin IS. a larg^ Pillar lixty let high, confilting purely oi tii Skulisof D.jHs-, ercded !)y i/'iixp //hai fhe Great (upon a Seditioiio iiis Nf'bles ) who vowM fo rear up a CoLnnn of their Heads, as onumtrif of their Obloquy to after A^es, if they pcrfilled in Di( ;cli giv llncfs tc ky are b very iry, Paa d Coffee ry rcfpc iy and kc the las Silks M (obedience, but they furrendr inn upon Difcrction, he orderM cat of 'em to briog the decollated Head of fome Bead, and lay jt hi| I'eet ; which was ;icco'dingly done, and of them he made the; af orei Uid Pillar in lieu of a Colunui of their own Heads, (jr) Qhp. of rhj Arabia I but i« man' illy /i'r\ the PeHi all tht o^i^ns d lift II. Ptrfia. 275 peior's Gardens at Ifpahati Is Co fweet anc^ Helicarc a Place, that ic liTimorjly ^oes by the N..nic of hcjie Bth(i^ i c. Paiadifc upon [ill ; itnU the Royal SepuJch.cs nt the Pcfian Monaichs, are iii- .;j Id llately, that tlicy dcl'civc to bt mentioned here. (^.) About Mi'es NoiLh-tift ot G^miroon is a moil hideous Cave, which for toiniidiible Alptft, ib termed Hell*> Gateh)' our Englijh Travellcrsj (have paft tliat way. (5 >) A Gcnoe, about twelve or fourteen jesNoith of Gomkoon, aie lonie excellent iiathS) efteemed very oJ againft moft Chronica) Diftcnipcji, .ind much frequented for |invctcr.ft^- See] Arch'jijhprckf,ryiJhoprtikSfOiU'niverptict, are b^anner^] The Per/tans are a People (both of old, and as yet) Inch given to Aftrology, many of them making it their chief Jilinefs to fearch after future Events by Aftiological Calculations. Ihey are naturally grtat Diiremblcrs,*Flatterer$ and Swearers ; as To very proud, palFionate and revengeful ; exctdive in their Lu- Iry, Paftnncs and Expenccs ; much addiQcd to Tobacco, Opium, IdC'cfFce ; yet with^L ihcy are faid to be ( for the moft part) fry rdpe^iive to their Superiors, juft a!'d honefl in their Deal- 5^. and abundantly civil to Strangers. And mod: of thofc who Lke themfelves to Trades, prove very ingenious in making cu- ps Silks, Cloth of Gold, and fuch like. |lan5uarc.^ The Pcrf^an languitgue ( having a great Tin£lure of Ardick ) is reckon'd not only much more polite than the Tur- I but is alfo cfteem'd the mcdifli Language ofjjia* Its divided [0 many particular Di.ikt^s, and the Characters they ufe are )(}ly /h'abuk. As for pure y^'rabick, that's the School Lnguage Ithe Perji.ftst in which not only the Myfteries of the jilcoran ; but [oall their Sciences arc written, and is Icarn'd by Grammar, as \^i»ni do Lain, 1; Ot'' .J'' in T ^ Mm A '{f ii;m •:^-i 276 Perfa. Part lOoMttnmtnf] This large Country is u holly fu^jc-acd ro ontrj ycreign, namely, its own i:n»peror, commonly ihl d. -ihGrea] fbt of ^trfia\ wuofe Governmenr is truly Dcl',oriCuI, .md Ci( Hereditary, the Will of rlie Kmg bung a Law to the IVople, ^ iie Mafterof all their Live and Eft.ttcsi his numerous Subj. (^ts.i der him a kind of Adoration, anil ncvci Ipeak of hmi but wich grt'ateft rclpcft. As moH of the Jfi tic Princes .ifFt£t very Vdii) exorbitant Titles, fo docs the I'erjian Mon;irch in pjiticuhir, I- ing generally OiTJ King of T-trfa^ Pttnhia, MtJ.iay fa/i Choraiont Cottciahrt dixdHe-i^ of the O^'Z-bii] Trrta", of:h;;Kii donis of Hyrcania-, Dracorjia, Ev€ g^-'a, J'anncnia Hj/i'^'fia aiu] SA a7iai, of yiriaj raropaniz^t Drawe^iava, W*- ik-^fla, A' t^s,iaha .md cA man^a, a«- far as lldtcly InStus. Jjnlt.ui of Orniics, imr^ --''ti^ia, o.(l a7itj ChaUea, Aji/Opot m a, Giorgia^ Jritieniiiy Lirc^j a ami Ian, L( of tliC Imperial MoiintJins i',wirh a Dragon G«/,.<-. By othe's, c/r, wirh a UuffJoN 11- Sable* But the moft receivM 0,jinion is, that lie bearcih the Kiil Sun on the Back of a I. ion, with a Ciefcenc K(I 21011.1 The )[nhibit..nts of this Country :.re (for \lv. mod p. cxait Obfervers of Mwonnt's Dextrine, .iccordi.ig to the iixpli tloM and Commenta !ts made l,y Mcrus Jly They dilF-rr m nij coniidcrable I'oiiifs f:o;n the 7«;A:.% and borh Parties ^re fub-J dzd into Vdr'ons Sr-£t">, between whom are toiVd tnany ("oncrov Ties, with llimitig Ze-1 on either llde. The main Point in del berwetn thtni, is, concernin«» the uiimcdiarfi SucccKors of A/a njct' Tlic 'flicks reckoning them thu*, ^'.^^homcU Ahoubckiri Oin 0/w*»Wi and Mortis j4'y» But the ' irfinis will hw/^:. their yl'y to be immediate Succtlfor, and fome efteem him eqiKilly v>lth hi ynet himfcilf^ mm! call the People to Pr lyers wirh thefe Wor Jjala y !,iia Murtis Aly veU lula \ for which the I'.rks obhor tiK calling them Rafa-iiy and C/ffars^ i. e» Schifmaticks, and rhemfe! i^inui md xhifulmcv. which is, true Brlic vers. They diiTcrj art 1 fo one '■ll:e Qrea\ ■Old CiOl ut With -'■y v^in ulnr, h\ '« 'I I id til i / W?/, L d I>(>..it to rlic (A of rhc lol ir of?.!' in or ct\1 II rc II' Pirfa. 277 Irj.cir Explication cf the /iJurn'' -, beficfes. the Tirfans have con- LcJ it into a Iciltr Voluiiie than the y^Irahlaris^ i-iter GKWff'i Rc- -,,r.on, prefftving the ^nmanian Sc£\ btfoic iht Mdchian, Jnep- Eincfi^n, O; Xcfagans^ broachrd by Abmhtkir^ 0?»«r, andO/>«««; n which lour ^.re j'piupii above fcvriity I'cvcral Ibrts of Reiigi- Ordcr>, iis ^'orah ta, j^idals, L<.rvijes, ^apft/i, Rajadi\ &c. Here Irriany ^ejiorfiin ChriOians, ;is alfo fevcra) jtluits, and many Jevs^ \: Clinil!..n Religion wai fufr planted in this Countrey by th« citlc St, Jho".ar, ' Mi. ' ■» ll> Ah: ng tlic K hcareri; 1 to ir. r.i-'s 11- h r.!ic Riil rhc ILypli iFcr in nii ire Wih-d fit ill deb )rs of Mi d'y to bc[ with M.I icTe Won rtbhor thf J r hem fell y dilTcr SECT. \A 278 Parr. I ■ *• i 'k ' 111 if i. '1 \i Is I,' SECT. V. Concerning Curfep in Jp. dt m, •SC between J f ^^l of Long.?^ N Vr'^' f'""" ^ ^'^L .-§ ) between ^ ^^ 3o/ p Lat. C ^^^)^'^'^^^^^ f-"""^ ^'- r" »c, ' VT- *^C C 4$ 303 JiC abouci740 Allies. ■ |\j Comprehending Cixjsiria-' 1 _V H V ^^^/'o i gicitc Parts, v/^. SD/>^t'f/t J ^ 't ( ^^?^ ^S Turcontama — \ 15 \ W/* r«»» • •fromS.to Each of the foregoing Parts comprehends fcveral Provinces; Natolia 'Nat oh a iropria' }Am0(ta ) Caramania ^rahia Syria Diarheck C Bcriara ow^ra^ia dcjlr. -i BariTaboTyJrabial'clrc.t C. Apnan or jirabia /V/..v ] Syria propria- Vhoniicia — Palefiine "— Bur fa- Id' u- Cogni— Maraz ^nna — H rat-' Medina' -1 Norrhw.irl •I VV.toli.[ } South warl W.toE.I 'N toS. ^^. ' Diarheck Terrack— U . D ma k /crufaUm ~ Piarbiklr Siol'ul :n. tos. N toS. Uag.iat' yurconia' 7Turcotnama prop'ia nia J Curdes iMcn^rcIia- Gran ^"]>W.toE. ;^VV.toE. ^^p* r: ir. Tu-ly in Jfi. 279 r" •f r J s vaPJy cr- ' led Body being divided (as aforef^ld ) in- r'^ 11 X great P: . , -vji. Natohs, iirahia, Syrta^ Diarbeck^ Turco' ,;ic~,tia, \xnCi Ge/'gia-, \vc ih.ll pai ticulaijy treat of the lirft . , ni iliar lip- ,.ct!y (t;.cy i-cing moftiy lemark^^ble ) j and ■jiikJ « gci^cia- view of . !i (he itlt conjunftJy, and that under "ijil- of the Euphatian Provincej. Thticfore, ^ T. NJ T L 1 J. I'Tc. V T^^o//^ f foiTneily /'fa Mror^ in contrndlftinQion from L^ y^Jii* t^^t-' Greater ; nnd now boundfd on the Eaft, by vni.iTua ; on the VVril, by ihz yJnhipe''^~^o ; en the North, by the j; y.a; .md on the Suuth; Ly part of the i-kditerrnnetm^ is ter- :.. by the Italians and -pani-iyns^ i^itolia] by the hench, Natolie i .w Gnmaji:, Natoliat ; and b) th. hvghjht i^atoha, or y^natolia ; ca i u :'t 111 ft by the Grecian's, bec.iulc ol: its Eaftern Situation ia :pt:5l of Greece, c-'to th^ 'At'tf-ToA>i<. *'ir1 The j4ir of this Counfry is very di^crenr, being in feme [Tvificts very pure and lieaitlifu! in ocherv cxfiunely grofs and lliltr.rious. The opp(v(ne I'iace rf tliL Globe to /^rintalia, is thas pircf the I'ac'fick O t.j>/, between 235 ;ind 250 Dcgites of Lcngi- pde, with i^ .:iid 58 Djrrees of South Latitude. ^.Oii.] The So// of this Coiinrry Cir lying in the 5th nn:1 (^th North iT tc) is t-xfr.ioiJir,ai V f'-i'il, abouiifiiii},' wuhOilitnil Wine, and "cll ibits of Gi ,iin 111 d liuits: liut much of the Inland Pro. inces lie rcii!ti\',,red, a rh'np i( o amnion in moll ^ ounnies lubjeft to the 'ihyrictan WVk- Tin K-ii|M )i of 1 lie D ryv and Nighi s is the fiimc heie t'iri G tr f, rh; y loth lying under the fiuie i\»raliels of Latitude. Co.'nm ti.'t'f 5 1 Th'r chief Cowv o//;f/^; cf tins Country arc raw Silks, .U'.-fljir, fwiOcd Corron, Cordov.^ns oi feverjl Colours, Caliturs 'lire M)d blue, \Vo(d for ^T,^tre(les, T:iptfiiits, quilted Ciovcrlwts, Cip, Riiubaib, Gil , Valkneed, Scammony, Opium, &c* uari'ifs ] Notfar f. om Si'^^rn/.o (bythcrv'j, [fmy ) is a certain ind of Earth, conunonly c-tlfd by the />/!?;(:;, Soap-t^arthy which rh up out of rhe Ground, and \s always «^athei'd bef)re Sun- iiig, and rh;it in fuch rrodigious Qmnriry^ that many Camels rcd.iily imploy'd in carrying Loads of it to divers Soap-Houfei at i'le diftance, where being mix'd with Oil, and both boil\l toge- 'it for fevera) days, ic becomes a: bll an exceJI-int fort erf So.p. T h 'f J i ' ;f| h: i 1 ii rH :8< 7V/;/y in y/y/^. Pa rt (2.) Nigli to Sn.yrJia nre x\\t I fllgifi of a Ponftt Circ:is ami Tib ,, and thtre;^bours is ficqnenrly t(jur)d VMritry oi Ror/./tn Medals. Aboiir 2 e :fic clc«ys Journy L.'W fVoni .^w>r«^,3>e l(Ji:;cKcni .ms ofi ancient '//:»;■ iir/r^, as appeais ft(^m 10 (m i2 remai k;»h)c Inlcnpti ftill to be Iccn (for which vid ^' I e^ier's Ira -f/s fiom ; ^r^ .0 ro 2 anfl therefore 7)rt'f^ (a linall V'illtge 20 jMiJes S(.uth L.it cf £pir, h f.ilfly taken for it by the ii;noranj Greeks* (4 ) At S ylaja , f Mel m in J At Ephcfus (now call'd yijt Sa!oveh\ Turks) are yer ro be fccn ibmc jjicicMt Chnflian Chuiches, pain Jarly tl'.iC of Sr. /c/;«, the t ntireft of 'em all, and now converted: a Mnkoinvtan Mo'cjuc : as alio the ' c/hgia of:i Kowan '?/>ppjithcatre,C and qiicdufi, to<;t-rlier with ;! large ileap of iKtv-iy Ruins, gencial reckon d thofe of the (oncej inai;i.iliccnt Temple of D/Vi». y would ft.<.m ro be only oi ar dern D..te {-u) Ar5^'- is (i\v the 7«r(';Sjrr, ov Sjrds^ now;* little fly bengarly \''illai;c, t!io' once the Royal Seat of rich K. trains) the Remdr.s of Ibme ffarcly ancienr Architediiure, with fcveral perftft Infcriptions. (S ) At I rrganms (which ftill retains theNi f Perga fo^ and is oblcrvable for brini; the place where Parclim( was tlrll inventedy are rhe Ruins of rhe Palace cf the A ■lick Kml Here is alio the ancient Chnflian Church of oanHa Soph a, t]0\v c^Jcedort^ verted inro a M.fkoynetan Mclque. As fir Philadelph a, tiic laft fJCUfy media^ I V rhe famous Seven Churches of yiljia (now calfd by rhe 'lurks^ Al Sih)r^ ;■ e. Tkc C ty of God ) 'tis icmn? kable for nothing fo much] the copJlder.ible nuoiber of Chnflians dwelling in itj they amoi ting to two Thoufand, and upwards* $irn)!;icIjppM-CkJ. 5cc ] The Strife of Chriflianlry belnfj vevy dspl rable rhrpuf^h mof} pairs (d'the OttoTran Dominions, and nor orj the chief Lcc!e(riO-!cks of the ChriOian C'hurclics (^■;>., raTiarcl Archbiihop?^ and Difiiop ) bur alio their very Secsbeinjw fieqiirnl alter'd according as their Tyrannical Mafl-cr, the 7«ri{:,prcpolcrh .'j vanti'ge by ^azh Alterations ; and whereas a great marvy Titul: fhop«, Vea, Archbilhops, and ibme Patriarchs re often created 5 ij equally vain to expe8-,as impoflible to give an exatt Lilt of all chc cichaflical Dignities in tliofc Parts, whether real or nominal Ltij cheiefore fuffice ( once for all ) to fubjoin in this place the mofl nibct0tic I Enemies :Literatu Imofteffef ltd by the iof theMi [rsof the 1 flyinftruft fd for tha lifiderable, ritle of U Mttcrc,; dl Turky in AJial 23 T ^^ lie of the ChriHiati Ecclefiafticks through alJ Parts of the AfiAtkl:^ '[nfricanTurky ; Hill referring the Reader ro the fame as he travellcth u;h the various Parts of this vaft Empire. Tlicfc Ecclcfiafticks yntnarcksy Archbi/Jjopf, and Bipsops, The chief Patriart hs (be- him of Ci^nflartimpl^y already mentioned in Europe) are thofe of ilcm, Alcxjudriiiy and Antioch ; a^ alfo two Armeuiatji (one of Jic threlidethat Ecmeafan, a Monaftery in Geor£/i(:i arc (Enemies to 'Letters in general, that they not only defpife all hu- iLiterature, or acquired Knowledge, but the very Art of Printing [inofteffe^ual means of communicating Knowledge) is exprefly in- Rd by their Law ^ fo that the Reader muft not expert to find the iof the Mufes among them. It's true, the Jefuits, and fome other |rsof the Roman Church, (where eflablilVd in thefe Countries) do [lyinftruftthe Children of Chriftian Parents in fome pubiick Halls ed for that purpofe ; but thefe fmall Nurferies of Learning are ib lifiderable, that they dcfcrve not the Name of Colleges, much lefs Title of Univerfities. pncrc,n The Inhabitants of this large Country being chiefly fM Greeks J a particular Charaflcr of *cm both h already given in {< ; !^l ) - *l ' "i-i 't-y* '! '-' "M'A t'- Is ■ mi !\ 2^2 Turky in 4ft a. Hurnpe, when treating o£ Greece and the Danubian Provinces, to wlvj refer the Reader. ir.. ILatuxu-ige/l The prevailing language*- in this Country, are the 1^///; and Vulvar Greel:, a Specimei' jf which is already given when J in^ ol Turh) in Europe* (Bobcrnmcitt.] This lar^e Country being intircly fubjeft to the vy Eurrhen of the (9;fo?;ii?i Yoke, is govern'd by Four Beglertegsm crdina.i n CO the Gr^m(/.S/^;iJr)r ^ the fird of rhem refideth at oA abcut thirty Leagues from Byrfa ; the fccond at Cogni^ formerly urn., the third atAmafta, m the Province of the fame Name; juj laft at Marjt, the Principal City of Aludulta* ^rmoil See Tutl^j In Europe^ page 194. IRcllgion*! The eflablifh'd Reh'gion of this Country, is vhatcfi hnwctanii'm ^ but Perfons of al/ ProfciTions being r derated in Parts, as elfewhere throu,g,h the Turl^^'ifl) Dominions, here are Multitudes of CkrWidns (particularly OreeJ^sJ and thofe r 1 all as Armenians^ Jacobites^ Afaronhes, Kejhrians , Mckbttei\ lxc, an termixt with thcfe is a confidrrable Number of Jews. Chriilumf planted betimes in this part of the World, and th2 bv the I'ruc and Writinj^s of the Infpir'd ApofUes, efpecially Sr. John the Dy here being the Seven famous Churches to which iie wrote, ;/>, j nf FphtfiHj Sm)uUj lh):itirj^ Laodicea^ Fcrg-VftWy rhlLuiclil:b\ Sardh» 3. §:. ARABIA. ^i^am'Ctj A RAh'i.1 [known formerly by the fime Name : andi ./V Bounded on the Kail by the Arabutn Gulf, and pj( M.re Arah'i'iw ; on the Well by the RcdSea ; on tiie N.orth jV j'.'m and S\)ia propria, and on the S uth by part of the main 0\ ii tcrmd hv rlie/r»j//.rnjT.nd Spumurcls^ Arabia^ by the French^ a\ hy \\\Q(jC)tm'vs, Arabicn \ and by \hc Ergitfh^ Arabia:, whyfoi is not iiillv avTced upon among Authors; but the realonof the vi Appcllat.jnb oi its three Farts, |_i/^. Deferta^ Petr£a^ an^^ Ftli mod evident, t.'icy being f.> lerm'd from the Nature of thci refp Soih "Sl'ir/J The Air of the Two Ninhern Arabiai is very hot durini Summer, (the Heavenr, beinj^ fcldom or never ovcrcaft vsith ClJ bur ia iluc tov,',irdi the 5'uutii 'lis much moic temperate, being ""-j Turky in ^/ia. 285 yifi'd by refrefhing Dews which fall almofl every Night in ^'•eac We. The oppofite Place of the Globe to thefe Counrrics, isthac ■{ tlicPacifick Ocean between 245 and 27$ Degrees of longitude, :;and 31 Degrees of South Latitude. oil,] The very Name of thefe Three ArahtcC<> (they lyinj^ in the ji. and 4*'' North Climate) do fufficiently declare the'-Naturc cf ['5j/; the Northern being extremely barren, one enrumbrcd with ,^ib'e Rocks, and the other overfpread with vaft Moiinrainsof Sand, jfSourhem fdeferved!^- tcrnVd Fn?//.t) is of an excellent Soil, be- nordinarv fertil in many Places. The longell Day in the North- part of thefe Countries, is about 14 Hours i the fliorteft in the koft, II Hours and a quarter-, and the Nights proportionably. LmoDittCS*] The chief Commodities of thefe Countries, efpccia/- L*fifa?//ac, are Coral, Pearl, Onyx Stones, Balm, Myrrh, Inccnfc, CafTia, Manna, and fcveral other DrUj^s and Spices. bntiCS*] In Arahia, Petrjia is the noted Moiniiin of Sin.u ^ jH'd by the Arabians O:bol Afoufa^ i, e. The Mouvtajn rf Mofes) i\ch were many Chapels and Cells, poliefs'd by the Orrc[' and iM^nt^s; fcveral of which are ftill remaining with a G'rdpn ad- |i£ to e-'ch of cm. At the Foot of the Mountain in a p!f?aranr nt, from whence th.Te was formerly a way up to the T>p by one [jodtnur hundred Step?, cutoutr-f the firm IV^ck, at the Ci.argc Ireftion of the Vrrcuous Helena^ ' Murhcrof (>n(\arfinci\\t Trrar) kirks of which Srtps ar'* vi.lbit to this very Day. rr.e Relij^'ious Irtfidifig, pretend to (li'."'.v Pi!.:,rim;i the vc^ry I'iace w'-cre Mjcs ri Forty Djvs, during liis abode on r!ie Mount, .;nd wlier;* he Id the Tables of riK' Law, ant' dcflred to Ire the K';'C ct r- c?, Ia: Medina in yirubii hxlix, is a llately M Ict'C, f ipporrcd l)y fiundred Pillars, anJ fumifh'd with Three h,undrcd .»ilver Lamps, i!.d by the T';v>'^^, Ahs a Ijlhi^ l: Moft JJj/y : becautc m it lies cSn of their Greac Prophet < its han-'iir; 'n rr,c Air by two Load- xm a mere Pable) i ivti'd ovf r * Cloib of Gold, under cp\ ot Cloth ot Silver ruruillvtmbi red, ^^flich r'f h,?)/.* of s bound to r^ncw yciriv 'v the Gran . "Jor'sO-'' (-;.) Ar in the fame Arabia. ( tr^ Lir^t- place 01 MJyomv j fur^ifh |f, fu^iuriouj^ that 'ti:,acf >nied i;y mmy, the luielielf of any World. Itiloftv Hoof 'jein,^ r Jib d in lafiiion of a Uome, with Utiful Towers 01 exrracrilinary Htyht and Arcl.itcrture, makt- lid Shew at the firfi \\>\>f^xdi.(:, and arc all confj i( uous at j iliicce. The Mo(c;ue is Uid to have above an Fiundred Gate?, jWmdowovcr ea* n f»f cm-, and within 'tis ad(rnd with Ta- iiid Gildingi fMraorduiary i.ch. The numbcj- ol Iril^nins who U .4 yearly T ■it- i '% P !l Jim ITS' ?f' '1^ (•■ ill: ! ^ f;' «■;# t.. 284 ^^^^^J' in -^^^^' Part yearly vidt this place is almoft incredible ^ every Muffnlman being oi by his Religion to come hither once in his Life-time, or to fend 4, puty for him. (4.) The Country about ZibiP in Arabia Fel'tx (w| many reckon to be the fame with the Ancient Saba or Sabaa^ s^ Sheba^ mcnuoned in i Kings 10. and Matth. 12.) isflill famous foi beft Frai)k}f^cenje in the World, which grows hereabouts in gre] bundancc ^bciides good plenty of Balfom^ Myrth^ Cajia, and A with leveral other Drugs and Spices. 3(trcl)biil3OpzicK0, &:c.] Archb'ijlopricJ^s ^^ Bifljopul^t^ Wvirji See Natoiia. ^anncva. ] The Arabs (great Proficients of old in Mathcml Sciences) arc now an ignorant, treacherous and barbarous kind off pic. The better and mare innocent fort of *em live in Tents, and ploy their time in feeding their Flocks, removing from place to according to the conveniency of Grazing-, but the greater part 01 are idle Vagabonds, and fo extremely given to Robbing, that ml the f'ublick Roads in the /l/z^r/cilS: iHrk)^ are pitifully pertcr'd with) they travelling commonly in confidcrable Troops, ( headed by o{ their number, whom they own as Captain) and aifaulting the Carj as they pafb and repafs the Mountains. Thofc near Mi^fcat in .f^lix, are abfolutely the belt of the whole C(>un cry, being geaj rhaiac'teriz d a People of a very civil and honcit iJeportment towjif forts oi Per Ions. 'ilanS"'^5C • ^^^c Vulgar Language in the Throe AYah'uCi, is the hefque^ OTcoiXix\>tArabhw, which is not only ulcd here, but (wij jriaiion oi DialciU is fpokcn over a great part of the FaRcrnCuj As for the Ancient, Pure, and Grammatical Arabian, 'tis now Ic-iii Scho'il, (as EM^o/eunj- do Gretk and Lath) and is chicMy usd A Mahometans in their Rsligious Service. (I&'o^frumciuO The various Parts of this vafl and fparious try, ac knowledge Si^bjeftion to various Sovereigns, and fometonj all. Divers forts of People in thcfe Countries are willingly fub'a to, and rul'd by fcveraJ Bf^lerbegs lefiding among them by the I /^pp Hirir.enr of the Grand Signior-, others are govcrn'd by thti indt pendent Kings or I'jince?, the chief of whom are thole of /. ,/V..j/ ' and Anunyrtldln • and fomc others do yield Obedience taiM X(rif> or Chief Governors, (who arc only Tributary to the 7i' in Rebellion againl^ his Mailer. J thefo, hv-.'re.irc. leveral forts of People who live altogether freely, I iu^ !5iubjcttiua 10 any j tlie chief of whom are the Bcn^cbra^ ^i IrtlL Turkji in AJJa, 285 fj'fjinf^ who refide moftly in Mountains, and .re much imploy'd l;bbi:'g» efpeciaily the Bedu'ws, they ufually travelling in great num- iear Meccd, on purpofe to aitault the Pilgrims in their way thither, are always neceffitated to fend valuable Pfcfents to tlic Xcnf ol Flice, that he. may order Ibme of his Troops to mcec the various iv3n5, and defend tliem againft all Attempts. Ls,] For ArmSj fee the En/igns Armorial of the Grand Signior,' 5:lig?ioi1.3 Many of the wild Arabs know nothing of Rd'igioii^ h. kefo many Savage Beafls hunting after their Prey, and frcqufnc- ;;vcuring one another. But the more fober fort of cm profefs the ^rntoi Mahtmty that Grand Impoftor, and Native of t!;eir own t;ry. The principal Points of which Doftrinc may be fcen, page f to which I remit the Reader. This Country was formerly illumi- \i wich the Light of the BlclTcd Gofpel, having received the fame p Apoilolick Age. §3. STRIA, IhyXhQTurh^SnyiJ^c.n. (Okia SyrU comprehends SpU^ properly fo caiPd- (2.) Phxnu \ act or Phrnke. (i,.) Palejliue or Jiuist. Thefe Divifions of (efpeciaily thefirfl and laft) being rtmarkabic Counrrlcb, ^omc- |i:of each of them dillinftly and in their Order. Tiietcfore^ Syria, proferly fo calWl pitc.j -r^HI^ Country ["knovn fcrmeily by the fame Mame of ] S)r'ia^ bur dilTienr ui Extent, being no.v Bo\indcd on lEafi '>y Uitrb'cli , on the Welt by part oi the MeMtcrrarhwi Sea . J:rN 'ifh by f^meof i^atolia-., ancf on the South by Atab}.i De,'erta] hmd by ti.'p Italians, Sr.ut j by the iip.whircff^ Ssria , by the p, SoarJe ; by t\£ (Jomans^ f>)r\cu , JJid by the f'Uf^lifh^ S^riu , I'^vhv lo ralrd/:; aiuili contiovirttd among cur modern Cricirks, little (hew of prob.iliility for the Tiiuh of their various OiMiuons I' ucr hdQd. ^'.r.] The Ah of ih.i? Conorry is pure and fcrcnc, the Sky bang •ij i.vcrcaft with Clouds, and itt mol^ paits very hcaltnli:! to •fiie in , only in the Month? of Jure^ July^ /Mj^N/f, 'tis cvtr.?or« ^rv hot, if 11 prove cirhcr Calm, or a grnric U ind from the Dc- t)u!; '.IE 1 rcp.K(d Miracle ot Providence") thclc Months arc ge LI -^ ii?;rjily. hv» 1': .«<■ \i !• it 1 n If M' ' f Tiirh in Jljh. nerally ^-'^nd^d vvkn cool Wcflcrly Cicczes from rlie .V^c^/Ve^^J Tiie oppop/e plicc of tlic Globe '"o Syvi^t^ is thar rait of rhe vaft 1 ■fid: Ocean, bcuvc^ri i -jo jnd 2«;4 Dt^rees oi Longitude, with ^^l 9 3 Degrees of SouJi I.atiiudc. ^Oi't/] The .9-/7 of tills Country (it lying in part of the 5^n| 6''' N irrh Ciimatc) i,scytraurJui.r.v fcriil, where duly -^lanur'd pr cinp, ni {\ Ions ot Grain and Fruits in great abundance. Hcrearl dcC'^ kvcf.i! P^:!' V and barren Mountains, yet no Country itithe\\ can boaR of rnjrc plealant, large, aad lertil Plains ihan this j Plaio IulIi a fac and tender Soil, thiir the I'calaiKs, in many places, dj 'em lip with wooden Culters , and that commonly by the Affiftjnc one Horfe or two Bullocks, todraw the Plou;h. Eur the Ecau:y| Excellqiicy of ti\is Country i^ mightily eciips'd by various, fad and) lancholy Objedis, that pre fent thenifelvcs to the E\c rf the Travfl 1^/:^. Many Cities, Towns and Village*, formerly well llockc vvi:h bitanrs, and compirtly built, but now quite depopulated and hj Ruins ; as alfo many Ancient Chriftian Churches, once very fplendi magnificent Scrurturcs, but now mere heaps oi Rubbi(h, and the nary Refidence of Wild Ecafts. ^Quji'jue ipfe miferrlma lUt, The longeft Day in the Northmoft Part of this Counrrv, is ab^uj Hours and an half-, the fhortelf in the Southmofi is 9 Hours and i quarters, and the Nights proporti onably. Here it may not be imprj to rettific a grofs Miftake of our m'^dcrn Geographers, who rreann| 6>r/.i, make the River of Aleppo i^as i. ey call it; to fall intj the £«; tcs, and lilcrt it to be NavinalJe up to the City; whereas it 1-wt: Comiiiunicaiion vvirli F.phr.tts it all, but is (aim: ft; of a ouue trary Coiiifc ro tha: in the Ma, s, and fo far from b:ing a Navi^ab'ei vcr, that f:s little beirer il'.i;i 4 incrc Erook ^ c- at belt, buta vcj rcjnliderablc Uivi:lcc, h iving irs rilea ii'cle way South Kail from /l.'.j and plidiug gently niong by the City, fjlcch it lelf under Ground few Miles difcaiicc on the other f.de. Com!UO"DitlCS. J The chief CufMountains (a tew Hours f r«Mri Srjrder(.on) :T.ccimes found '^< od ftore ol Rain-Waici con\plc4tly /^fO'/iV by LI I |h« .W' If » t air .^' frV,' < ! Ji^ 'J J) ■ I ^g.g Tx/rfey in 4fia: ithe excenivG Heat of the Sun-Beams.^ (lo.) Nigh to the Faftory] rinc ;{i Scmderoon isa large (bucunfinifh'd) Building, commonly J ;!>canderberg\Caftle\ being vulgarly fuppos'd to have been ereOed by j valiant l^rince of Albania, in the Career of his Fortune agaitill therwi but 'tis more probably thought to be of an ancienter Date, having tu on the Arms of Godfrey of BnUoign. Laftty^ In the Ealtmoft pa] Scandercon-Bay, is a ruinous old Building, known commonly by the U of Jonuh'sFULir, ereftcd (as the modern Cr^d:/ aliedge ) in that place where the Whale did vomit him forth. It's indeed much not utidefcrvedly) doubted, whether that Monument wasereOedtl upon fuch anOccafion; but 'tis highly probable that this individual of the Bay was the very Vlace of the Whale's Delivery, it being nearcft to I'ineveh of any in the Levant, Which Conjerture, I hui; fuppofe, is fomewhat more reafonable than that of fome dreaming cients, who vainly '.magin'd that the monftrous Filh did morethanl round one Quarter of the World in the fpace of Seventy two Ho J mofl \ and that too when big with Child. ^rcl)bifl30piicUSj &c.] Archbiflioprkks, Btfl)0prkksj Vnivtrji\ See Nutolij. £^amtcrfi/] The Inhabitants of this Country are moflfyT«r('ii Gree\s^ [whole refped^ive Characters are already given in Turl^)!}f rope^ page 1 8(5 and 19^.] asalfo many Jew/ and Awe«/\rn^, withoB jTorts of Chriflians iiitcrmixt, of whom the Reader may find fomci count toward? the latter part oi this Sedtion, when we come to trcj i^alejimc and the Euphratian Provinces, ILansuagc] The chief Language of this Country, U the Turl^^ifJjj a Specimen of which, 'vide page ip^.) the ancient Syrtac being Ion mong 'em. The various Europeans here refiding do commonly ufe| Lingua Franca. (IB^otJcnimcnt. J This Country being fubjeft unto, and fucceif.^ I'ul'd by the Scleucidj:^ the Romans, the Saracens, the Chrilfi.uu, ^Miltans of E.gypt, was at laft conqucr'd by the T«>(:j' in the tim! Selimus I. Anno 1517. under whofe heavy Yoke it hJth ever 1I ^roan'd, and is at prcfent govern 'd by its particular Bajj'a^ apprii hy the Grand Signinr, whole place ot Relidencc is ordinarily at Ali tlie principal City of this Province, and thought to be the /^rrf;w5J mention d in Holy Scripture, But the whole Country of Syria [acoi j,ng to its modern F.xtcnt] is fubjcrt to Three Bjffas .; the firlUl iTionly refiding (as atorelaid) n Aleppo; the fecond at DaTn/>/ii> yhyfiice-, and the third at Jipoli of Syria, Subordinate to cacd r';c(c liMjai^ both here and in other Parts of the Ottoman U'^n;! y\L Turkym AJi:U 289 {Various Cad]\ or Judge?, who hear and dcrcrniinc tlie fevrrjl Cau- whechcr Civil cr Criminal , which at any t:mc happen bcrwcen jand Man. And here I can'r omit one particular, ('which as 'ris a jchty difparagenienc to this People, fo I wilh 'twere peculiar to them) K their Mrcenary Dijh'ibution of Jnflke •, for not alwavs the Equity of ■ Ciuie, but the Liberality of the Party does ordinarily dcrcrmine'rhe Ijrier: As fomc of our Erglifl} Faitories in thtfe pairs of die World ive csperienc'd more than once. bitmsO See the Enfigns Armorial of the CrAnd Sigr.'ior, pa^c 194. llSdigion.] The Eftablifh'd Relighn of this Country, is tliat of Ma- mtirffm •, the Elfential Tenets of which are already fct down, Cpjg: L) to which I remit the Reader. But fmce one thing eninjn'd by !it Religion is the moft excellent and ncccflary Duty of Fruyer^ I DC omit one laudable Praftice of this People in chat Point , I mean tonly their inimitable frequency in performing this Duty, (wiiich is [it times a Day J but alfo their moft commendable fervency and feri- ilkfs in the performance of ic. For whenever they fee al^nut the J,ie, they addrefs themfelves to the Almighty with all profound Rc- n ot Ci\i\ fometimes tiic J^uivi of Vrnmiji'^ b':rju(c pi ^•r.i^,'d to Al'uh.im and Seed ^ and forriCLimcs Jtid-HA, irm thelN'^t'Oii of the J'fn\\ or I'coJ of the Tribe o.i Jud.t^ and nv.v b undcd oi; the h\ift and Nirrh part of Syr] I propna ■, f n the Wdf by put of the A-feiitL'rr^r.c.in S^ and on theSvuh by Atabia /V^j? ] ;:■ rcrrm'd by the Jtidi.ns and VI nUrds, Palfdini., by tiic /'r.;/i;7j, i'Jejtmc-^ by the <'jt">-m.j«.f, Fu/di/j or dm Gelohte i.rJ \ by xhc Eiiglilh^ i\i'cf}ine or Ike linly iMid. calFd F.ilejline qu.ifi , hUiflint, from the Phtli.litis^ once a miihrv!^ tion therein ; and //o/; Z-inc/, h.':c:jufc 'twa? rhc Scei'ie of the i.itc Sufferings of ih'- ever bUjjcd and moil Ji)ly J^'f'-i^, the gloncub Rcd| jmcr of Men. 31tt.] The An of this Country, ci'ccprintJ, th ofe Parrs adi.irrnr «he Lake of Sod m^ (of whirh after vards) is fo c^traordinarv pii fant, ftrene ^r,d licau-lilul ro breatfie i), that many of its p';M:n:(n'j bitants do fiCt^ii.-'nrfv arrive ro a coiiliiiaable A ;c The opp^dre i.'j ot the Globe tn i'.ilcJiUic^ is ihac part of tie valt raclficl^ Oiwan^ betuc 54$ and 250 L'c^rccs of UnJ[u^c, wiih 2paud 32 Ue^rces uf S..i Latitude^ S)Oil*] This Country (Tiruared partly in the 4*'' and ui7c]^ numbred in his rime, no lAs l;i I ROCOCO fighting Men, bdiJts the Tribes of Levi and I' fijt- Y But alas 1 Such were the crying Sins ot irs Inhabitants, tliari; not I, fpcwd them or.t, nr. it bad doner th)'e w'lod'.vcit before: tlum- tdit.' Almit^hry being highlv prov' ked by their many and re p jr.- ^ [oininations, hath turti'd that fuitful Land into haricrr.:fi\ fir the n /, (^- i>]r,f them Yf ho dwelt therein. For fich is the dilmal Siare ^-f ri,is Ltry at prefent, that (befides the TurkW^ Yolrs are the Honour able of the Earth : And, I'er'e ;. he tcrme th tii;r,', a Mart of Natiom. E\ii(o fully accompli HVd is the Pioph:^:icaI ounciacion againlf 'cm both, and fo low and d^lp'cable is their ",di:i~n at prefent, that I hcartiiy wifh all tioutifhing Cities of ijtmm might be in wife, as feiioully to rcticfi on the fame^ to take linelv warning by them , tipcciaily confidering, that u ;il uf oitr ^'c'pulo's and '1 riding Cities, ;:re now fuch Dens of liquitv, that theii nhabitanrs may jufllv d'ead , Thu 'twill be m:)re.' h. lilt! for T)Ye and S)don in ti:c day rfjudg.r.crj^ thanfr them. "Cf^M.-t S.^'n/t-y, (lo term'ti ^d ^" y IBiirittCS/] In the Southern Parrs of Falcfiive^ i^. /yphiUis or Af^ '){',', ^<7^^'a7©- , i. e. Bitumen ) tl'.at noted Ikc ;,f 7:/c/.^^t, where the a'f.mirable Ciiies of Sid^m aw^ G mirrah pitr!y Hood, otherwife calFd the Dead Sea^ :\r6 remark. '!)'e at pre- Bt for abundance of 5'ulphurcu'i Vapour? wh'cii U.IJ aictnj in fo tw-z-fHiia i'} »'; I '1(1 . \ it:*' \ '.(■,■■ mti • *> i < ^rcat ^ny •f-'l 7'. *. ' ' I'M '■' f Ti " ^i I I ^ 'If , } m ^92 Tnrlcy in /^^/. p^^,.^ preat a meafure, chat no Eird is able to fly from one fide of the I to the other. Tis alfo obfervab!e for good ftore of Appier oxq^^-. retries Bank?, which appear very Jovcly to the Eye ; but bciiip tow and cut up, prove mere naughty being nothing clfe but a heap iiaufeous matter. {2 ) Nigh to the place of the Ancient ^^jiYept,t a many Caves and Apartments hewn cut of the firm Rock, \v!iich fod vainly im.it^ine to have been the Habitation of Men in the G )lden Ai before Cities in thefe pares of the World were well known; But othc with grv-atcr fhcw of probability, take 'em for the Caves of the Si nians , mentioned in the Bock of JoJJma, unde the Name of Mcari (^.) Not far from the (once) norcd City of 7)rf, are fcvcral lar fquare Cirterns, which fliil go by the Name of Solomons amons Cliriftians oi' that Country ; but why fo call d, they can give no oil Reafon than bare Tradition. (4.) At St. John d'Acre (the Anci^ Ptdcm.i'is) are yet to be fcen the Ruins of a Palace, which ackiic ledgcth Kkhard I. King of Fngiir.d^ fr its Founder, and the Lii pafTant is Qill vifible upon feme of the Stones. ($,) On Mount Qr^ are fome Remains of a Monalicry of Carm^lhc Friars, with a Tenii dedicated to the ElefTcd Virgin , and under it is a private Cell or Caj which Travellers allerige to be the ancient refiding Place of the Prcji Eliaf. On the iame Mountain are found a great many Stones chat hi the lively Impreffion of Fiflics Bones upon 'em. As alfo abundance! pctrity'd Fruit , particulariy Plumbs, cr Stones of that rc(emb!an| (6.) Njt f-r from the Brook Cedron ilinds a part of thePillarot fil.m^ which he erected in his Life-time, out of an ardent Defire to] ternize his Name -, and nigh to ic, is a great heap of fmall Stones, uhi daily encreafeth, becaufe ciri;cr Jerv or Makowetan paiTing by, feld] fail CO thrjw one at the fame, and thatout of abhorrency of :he S" Rebellion againfl the Father. (7.) In the Mountains of J:lUI) ]\ remarkable Spring, where Philip is (aid to have baptized the Ef/;r;j Eunuch, whereupon tii call'd by the Name of The Ethiopian Fmt and hath a Church adjacent, ereftcd ('tis probable) cue of Dcvoci] in honour of the Place, and Memory of that Fait Yet (by the ■f'.vould feem that this were not the place of the Ethiopian'^ Baptil becaufe thofe rocky and declining Mountains arc hardly paiiablc Horfeback, much Icis in a Chariot. (8.) Nigh to the afortfaid Fo tain is a confidcrable Cave, where 'tis reported, St. John the Bap did live from the fcvcnth Year of his Age, till he appear'd in the V dcrnefs of Jiidsa^ as the promis'd Elm^ (9.) At Bethlehem is goodly Temple of the Nativity, erefled by St. Helena^ (Mother of ilantine xhtQxcAi) who call'd it S^, Murfs of Bethlehem, *risnow fcfs'd by the Prancijcans oi' Jerufalem^ and is lUll intire, having lu Chapels and Altars, but thole little frequented, except it be upon traordinary Occafions. (10.) In the Mountains oi Juddta are the mains of au Auuent Church, built by Si. //elena, and dedicated ii. 'v irtlL Turky in AJia, 293 Vhn the B^pt'tl^, and that In the phcc where Z.uhir\ the Proplicc JiWn. And nigh to it (where the BlelTed Virgin did viiu her Coulin f.x:dh) is a Grotto^ in which 'tisfaid, that the Eody of Elj:^abeth interr'd. (11.) Upon the left hand in going out of the City of pMiffy W f'^c G^te of j^oppa^ is Mount 5/on, on wliofe top are ftill [be fecn the Rains of the Torvcr of D.n'id^ which was once a Build- of wonderful Strength, and admirable Beauty. (12.3 Upon Mount ,;;r; is the ftately Temple of the Holy Sepulchre^ built by the atore- lil virtuous Si, Helena^ and hitherto vifited by multitudes of Cliri- U3S, who fleck to it from all Parts of the World, cither out of De- im or Curiofity. It's divided into a vaft multitude of Aparrmenrs, :otaining many Chapels and Altars, which, for themoft part, receive fx Names from fome remarkable Circumftance of our Saviour's Paf- ;a- befides thofe, peculiar to Chriftiansof ditfcrent Nations at Jerufn- )f, particularly the ^/)>^/if/, Armenunsy Georgians^ Cophtes^ Jacobites^ ^jsmtes^ &:c. and at the entry of one of thofe Chapels is the Sepul- wtoiOodfrcy of Boulogn on one hand, and that of his Brother Baldwins the other. But LajUy, In and about Jernfalem (befides the Ob- nhks abovemention'd) arc thefc following Particulars, x/;^. a Mofque iM in the very place where once flood the Cocnaculum , the iurch of St. Savmr, and that of the Purification of the Blefied irgin, with her fplendid Sepulchre y all three built bv the incompa- iole St. Helena. Add to thefe the decent Tcmb of Zachary^ near liookCedron^ with the Sepulchre of Laz^arw, at the Town of B^^/^jfj/, lere likewifc are fhewn to Pilgrims all other noted Places in or iwutthe City, which are frequently mentioned in the Sacred Volume i M.unt Olivet y the Garden of Gethjemane, the Valleys of Jehfaphut id Oehi.inon, the Fool of Siloim, the Field of Bloody &c. They morc- er (hew em the Places where formerly flood the Palaces of Cui- i/, Pilate and Hcrodf with the Houfes of M.irtha and M^ry^ and taj the High Priefl; as alfb the particular Place where Si.Feter wepc ipon the denial of his Mailer, and where Judas the Tray tor hang d iimfelf for the betraying of hiim.^ And finally, The Pilgrims are on- ufted unto, and vifit the refpeftive Place of each particular Sc;:ne of )ur Saviour's Sufferings, with that of his Afcenfion at lafl. All which ire fully defcri bed by G. Sund)s, Tbevenot, and other later Travellers. bthc //j/> Land, To thcf:: Rarities oi Paleltine, I might alfo add thofe iJQy fcmarkable Creatures, (whether Bcafls, Birds, or bifhcs) that are- lention'd in Holy Writ, and formerly more plentiful than ar prcfent in Ms Country. But having drawn out this Paragraph already to fo great. I'ength, I ihall not venture upon fovall aSuhjedf-, remitiiny the Kca dcr to that incomparable Work of the Learned />^f/wr^/(/, t/c' Animu!iiiif\ ^'iicripthn, where he may bv- hjliy fatisly'd in due matccr. 3rch- I •I' P I ) ■m i *u ■ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^ ^ \,\J |30 * I.I 78 125 - ^ I." ^ US, m 2.0 m 1-25 1.4 III 1.6 < 6" ^ V ^ /; '^:^ > '•> Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WIST MAIN .iTRIIT WKbSTin NY. 14580 (716) n72-4S03 \ iV »" •c^ rv o'^ (I 294 Tiirkj in /{/?//. Part IljPar ^tCljWffjOtJMclJsO Ai for ArchbiJhoprkliSy Bifl}cpric\sy Vnmrfitks\ See Natolia, 3!i 3 Cr( Euttl 'ihcfe Janncrg,] The mountainous Parts of this Country are moflly polTefsM by the Arabs, (of whom in Arabia J the Valleys by the Mo')r!^ (of whom in Africa. J Other People here reiiding, are a few Juries, and n)iny Chr iff ians^ particularly Gr«(:x, (of whom in EnropeJ and inter- mij^t with all thcfe, are fume Jen?/, and of them here in particular. The Modern Jenps^ to fay nothing of 'em in former times, are gene^ rally Charafteris'd ihus, 1;/^. a Vagabond, Perfidious and Obftinate fortfr^^" of People i a People now living as mere Aliens, not only in mofl PartsW'^ " of the Earth, but alfo in this [once] their own Country \ a People inAW/'^ deed univerfally given to Trading whereever difpers'd , but as uni'li'i^i'e ] vcrfally addicted 10 Cozening and Ufury where-ever they find ocoJCouncr fion \ a People fo fingularly ftigmatizcd by Heaven, that (according to the Prophet's Prediftion) they're now become an AJ}omfl}ment and Hi;'^ fing to all Nations. In a word, The Modern Jevos (being extreme- ly blinded in Judgment, and pervcrfe in VVillj do not only remain moft obftinate in denying the Mcjfus already come, notwithfiand- ing the cleared Demonftraiion to the contrary -, but alfo they re a People that's univerfally corrupted in Morals ^ and that in the high-Rff^nc eft degree, the generality of 'cm being addiftcd to the blackefl ofBiowlci Vices. Iprefcm kir : igechc Jranc i cheii rittcn Hattguagc.] This Country being under the Turk'ifl) Yoke, its In- habitants do generally ufc the Turkifl) Tongue. The various C/;nf?/.ir;l here refiding , (whether European or Afiatul^) do comcnonly fpeakPf ("'« Fwas dowr ith afj thofe Languages, peculiar to the Countries to which they Original)] belong. dDfotJCnimcnt*] How, and by whom this Country was govern'd,|eir La\ till it became a Roman Province, is beft learn'd from the Hiftorical PartP^fl re of the Sacred Volume, and the Writings of the noted Jevr'ijh Hiftoppli^i ri in, Jnfcphus. The Land of Palefline being brought under the RomnW^^ni:e\ Senate by Fompey the Great, continu'd fubjeit to that State till the bc-lpears, ;ip ginning of the Seventh Century, when 'twas iavaded by the Pcrjlm^rnhk^ ; and afterv\ards made a Prev to the Saracens^ yet refcu'd from them byicc Sub the Chriflians, under Godfrey oi BmUorij Anr.) 1099. whole Succcf-itioiis t; fors I. eld it about eighty Years , but being taken from them by .9j/.u//flrs wit [King of .SVuand C.g)pt\ itremaiii'd lubieft to the tu///i.'j of C^kJ'^ f^of till conquer'd Ann') 1517. oy Sciimus the (\\{\^ Kmperor ot the 7'«r(;/,P of 2 r who fubjertcd the fame to tlic Ottoman Yoke, under which it groamp. who to this very Day, Porer '. "nk chat PartII.|P.irtJf" w."7 m Afi{'. 29s VnmrfitksA y are mnftly by the A/oitJ 3;nU5*') The Ami of the Chrifliao Kings rf Jernfjfem were Iftn^r, J Crois CrolTet crnffc^ ^o/, commonly call'd the Cfcfs of Jerufalem, Eucchis Country bcin^ now a pjrr (a* aforcfald) of the Ottman Do- :ni'n% is allotv'd no particular Arms ar pre>nr, and can only claim vi,v .r..-,-, ih.iroof the Enfigns Armorial of the Turkjfl) Empire in general. What jvv r«r^7, andf'^'^^ ^^^» ^^^ Twr^;- in £«rj/e, p. 194. in panicular.l JRcl^SJon*] The prcfenc Inhabitants of Pj/f^/V, are, in Point of les are penc-fr^'^'''"i reducible to three ClafTes, v/>. ChrijUans^ J^^^^ ^nd M>tho' Obftinate fortB'^^^^"-^- ^^^ chief Tenets cmbrac'd and maintain'd by the firft ancf in mod PartsW'^ "^ thcfe, may be leen in their proper places, when treating of • a People in*-'^'.''^"^'"" and 7/0(7 '^ Europe, As for the Jew j, [think no pljce ' but as uni«l''''f^ proper to difcourfe of fheir ReHgion, than in this their Ancient i*eY find occ3«fr"nt'"y. Know therefore that the Modern Je^i , b >th here and raccordinetop'f^^'h^' ment -ing extreme--- j o . v - 0-0—: ■ ^igethcr wich various I'rayers, which they perform with HrtlecT no ap- KiNHce of Devotion. Sacrifices they ule not fince the Dertrudtioa )f their Temple ;it Jerufilem. The chief Articles of their prefcnt Bc- [.ffand Prattice^ are thele following: (r.) They all agree in the ac- inowlcdgment of a Supreme Being, boifi Elientially and Perfonally loe; but entertain Tome ridiculous Apprehenfions concerning him, as ,wticulariy the great IMeafure they vainly iniagine he takes in Reading Yoke its in'Pf'r ^'''''''^« (2.) They acknowledge a tvvoKldLawof God, ^/\. a ous Cbri^lirnW'^^'^'^ 2nd Vimritten one : The Written is that delivered by God to only fpcakPf ^"■'^^^'^^•f> and recorded in the tive Books of Af-cf. The Vnwrit- icy Ori'^iiial^yf"^^*'^ ^'^"^ (^s they pretend) delivered by God to Mnfe^^ and hand- Id down from him by Oral Tradition, and now to be recciv'd p^rt pie- mtis affcih, with the form:^r. (^.) They alTcrc the Perpetuity of povern d, 'f''" I avv, together with its FetfiWon ; believing there can be nothing „„,„^^^ re, adhere ftill as clofely to the Mo^uhi^ Difpenfation, as their and. /// Arf^cnr Circumfiances in a difpers'd and defpis'd Condition wilJ allow. xtreme-P'if''" Service chiefly confifis in Reading of their Law in the Synagogue, : only remain notwithftand- alfo they're a in the high he blackcft of was lot (he 'luik^i\ tiich It groani Hiftorical Part ^^^^ r^^ it» or taken from it. (4.) They unanimoufy deny the ac- JewUh Hirto impli'^TTienf of ^he Promifef, and Frop!iccics concerning x.\\c Mffus ; ier the Komxn )flinacely allcdginj, that he is not yet come, and thar whenever he ce till the be- 'P^ars, 'twill be with the grcatefl worldly Fonip .^nd Grandeur ima- the Perfuw^ liblc, fubduing all Nations beicrc him, and m-kuig them acknow- Ifrom thcmby l;;cSub)ertion tc the Houfe of /wc/^/?. For cvatli;,^: the e^prefs Pre- hofe Succcf- ^Hotis of iheTrophets, concerning his mean Concition and Sufferings, m by ^*).i/^'''' ^V» ^^^^'^""^ ''">' ^Adow of Divine Authorirv, d^ confidently talk lifcs oi HlfU ^ twofold Mffius •, one Hen Eph\ihi^ whom tiiey grant to be a I'er- " ot a mean and afflirted Condition in this World ^ another. Hen D./- , who they believe fliall be a V-f^ori. u% I'owcrful Tri c , an*' the fer ox 'cm to their former Liberty and Poile^Ti )ti'. ($,) They nk that the Sacred Name ot Gnd can't be blaiphcii: d by M^n, if he ^Jlltmpl a only *( m n i. ? * >N ' < 296 Tnrkjf in JJia, p^j.^ only refrain from exprcffing the adorable Tilp^.fpdiJLyLctlov, (6.) T[ condemn all manner of Images, though only defign'd as a bare prefentation of Perfons to after Ages. (7.) They imagine that Sabbath-day is to be fo ftriftly obferv'd, that Works even of Necef. and Mercy are to be neglefted. Lafih^ They believe a Refurrcft'il from the Dead at the end of Time, and expett a General Judgment thelaft Eay. Thefe we may reckon the chief Articles of the Jert Creed at prefent •, but befides them, they admit of many other thir which only Ufe and Cuflom have authorized, and thofe are very dif rent, according to the different Countries in which they now refii They are ftill obfervant, (according to their Circumftances) not or of the various Fcflivals appointed by God in the Jevo'ifl) Church • v alfo feveral others of Human Inftitution, particularly thctt which'th] yearly celebrate in Memory of their Deliverance from the proiettj Ruin of wicked Human. During which Feftival, the Book of Ei}hd thrice read over in their Synagogues •, and whenever the Name of fl tnan is mention'd, they all with one accord, beat furioufly with Hal mers upon their Desk, as fhewing thereby their abhorrency of til Perfon who intended fo bloody a Mafiacre of their Forefathers. Tl joyful Tidings of the Bleffed Gofpel were proclaim'd in this Country f rArii? hi mfelf, and hisApoftles; but the obftinate ^ewj did (hut thj Eyes againft the Light, and ftill perfift in their inflexible Obftinacy this very Day. §. 4. The Eitphratian "Provinces. JlPamc.j'T'HE remaining Parrs of the Afiat'tcl^ Turkjiy hrngGear^ 1 TurJ^omaiiia^ and Dtarbeck' Thefe Provinces are boui cd on the Eaft by Perfia. •, on the Weft by part of NatoUa and Syria p\ pia ^ on the North by a little of Alofccvia-y and on the South by Ai bUDcfcYta, Georgia (formerly Iberia J is focall'd from Geor^r, aP^ pie anciently inhabiting thefe Parts. Turl^omanU (formerly Armei Major J fo call'd from the TioJ^i", a Scythian People who broke throuj the Cajpian Straits, and poflefs'd themfclves of thefe adjacent Provl ces. And Laftly^ Diarkck, (formerly Meiopotamia and Fadan-ArA ot the Scriptures} but why fo call'd, I find no fatisfaftory Account. \] chule to confider all thefe three under the afl'um'd Title oi EuphnA Frmnces^ becaulc they lie near the Body and Branches of that [one] lamous River cf Euphrates, 3lirt] The Air of thcle Countries is generally very pleafant, heal ful, and temperate, elpecially in the firft and laft, TheoppofitePI of tlic Globe to thefe Proviaccs, h that part of the vaft faciJicl^^Oct Tttrky in J/ia. 297 iflj between 15$ and 2^5 Degrees of Longitude with ^7 and 4$ De- i'^' r" of South Latitude. ^oilO The Soil of thefe various Provinces, (they lying in the p^and 7'''Norih Climate) is generally reckon'd very fie for Paflure [he Banks of the Tigrif and Euphrates-, aiid in many places it produ- j[h abundance of Fruits with variety of Grain. As alfo Georgia [<, fjid ijfford great plenty of excellent Wine. The longell Dj- ^n the North- oft part of thefe various Provinces, is about 1 5 Hours and an half; the orceft in the Souchmofl is 9 Hours and three quarters 3 and the Nights oportionably. |CommoDitie0/J Thefe being Inland Provinces, do not manage any liskor confiderable Trade with Foreign Parts, and therefore their 6'om- \iiues are not very numerous, thofe they export or barter with their tiglibours, being chiefly Pitch, Fruits, Silk, and fuch like. IRaritiesO At Ourfa in Dlarbeckt is a large Fountain well flock'c pFilhes, call'd by the Turks t Abraham'^ Fountain andFifhes-^ and of [great a Veneration among 'em, that the Banks of it are cover'd with Uus Carpets for above Twenty Paces in Breadth, (i.) Nigh to the icfaid Ourfa^ is a Mountain remarkable for feveral Grntto\ in which itobefeen very ancient Sepulchres cf many Primitive Chriftians. J.) Adjacent to Crfr^/TM, (another Town in DiarheckJ are many lit- [Rooms hewn out ot the firm Rock, which were probably (bme bte Cells for ar.cient Chriliia.is, who affeikd fuch Betirtments : Khof 'em having as 'twere a Tabic and Bench, with a Repofing Place, Jirtificially cut out of thehaid Stone; and over each of their Doors ji lively [mpreffion of a Crols. (4.) On the Eaft of Tygrls, over- ling Mofulf are the Ruins (and thefe hardly difcernable) of the once p and famous City of Nineveh -^ ;he very ProfpeO: of vvhich, may jikethe Beholder wiih jufl Apprelicnfions of the lading Glory cf ali liunary Magnificence, and that ti:e largeflof Cities are not too big fbrfel for devouring Time to cntume. (5.) Abou: a Day and Its Journey from BAgduty is the Sepulchre of the Prophet Eze\iel^ [ivh is yearly vifired by the Jews of Bit^dut with great Devotion. [) About the fame Diflauce from Bjgd.it^ but between the Euphrates \T)^nsy ii 4 prudiir,u)Us heap of Eartl^ intcrmixt with a multitude iBncks bak'd in the Sun, wh.-rrof each is Thirty Inches fquare, and p thick, the whole bein j Three hundred Paces in Circuit, is call'd Iw by the Chril}ians and Je»^ in tliole Parts, and cotnmonly be- yd by the Vulgar fore ot 'em, to be the Remains of the renowned Iver ol Babti; but others rather loll nv the Opinion of the Modern pj, who calls it Agmouf, and believe it to have been rais'd by aa inl'rincc, as a Beacon or Watch Tnwer to call his iubjcits t'ogc ■y m !>- X ;ucr ' -^ 298 Tm-ky in Jfia. Parti] thcr upon all Occafion?. (7.) Nigh to Carklcquen (a Town of Tmccn nJa) is a vaft Rock in which are divers artificial private Appartmen] generally reckon'd the retiring Place of St. Chryjojiome during his Exi' as the Chriftians ot thole Parts alledge. 1|l?cl)bifl)OpricU0, &:c.] For Archb}(}}opricl:^Sy Bifl^oprkJis^ Vmvirfit'n See NatoUa, ^anitcts,] The Inhabitants of the fe different Provinces, are different in their Tempers and Manners. The Armenians (or thofe| Turcomania) are Perfonsof a good Behaviour, and Juft in their hi ings^ and fome of them (addifted toTraffick) are difpers'd thr moft parts of the Trading World. But the People of Georgia arc to be extremely given to Thieving, Drunkennefs, and moft fbrrs otl ther Vices. Thofc of the Female Sex are generally reckon'd the ni beautiful Women of any in all the Oriental Ccuntr'es •, and fo higj cftflcm'd *e they by the Grand 5/^w/or, and King of PerfiUy thai t? rcfpeftive Seraglio'sitc well ftor'd with them. Ilanguagc*] The Turk'fl^, Per fun, and Armenian Tongues, are| underflood and much us'd in thefe Provinces, especially the Turliijh Diarbeck the Armenian Tongue is chiefly made ufe of in Divine jJerv and in Georgia the corrupted Greel^. dPolJcrnment*] The Weftcrn Parts of thefe Provinces do oj Subjcftion moftly to the Gtand Signior^ and the Eaftern to the \\ of Perfia, and that purely as the Neceffity of their Affairs requir Thofe fuhjeft r.) the Great Sigiiior^ are govern'd by various Be^bi of his Appoinrmeni, and thofe in Subjeftion to the Perftan Power; rul'd by feveral Princes, fome bearing the Title of Kings, (as one in Eaft of Georgia) who are eleftcd by the King of Ferfta, and Tribuc to him. Neverthelefs, there are in thefe Provinces feveral Kings 1 Princes, who fear neither the Ottoman Slavery, nor the Perfian Pow bur eagerly maintain their Freedom, and keep all the PalTes ct Mountains, nocwithfl.;nding many Efforts hitherto made to the trary. ^tuip, 1 See iheEnfigns Armorial of the Grand Sigtiior, page i^\ IBcltgton*"] The prevailing Religion in many parts of this Cl try, is that of tlic Armenians -^ The principal Points whereof are til Three: (i.) 1 hey allow the Apoj\olicli and A'/cene Cree^j-, but 3^ with the Greek^s in alfcrting the Proceffion of the Holy Ghoft fronil Father only. (2.) They believe that Chrift at his Defcent intoHJ treed the Souls of all tlie Damn'd from thence, and rcpricv'd thcmj irtll. Turkjf in Jfa. CJ99 cdof rhe World, when they fhall be remanded to Erernal Flames, jiiey alfo believe that the Souls of the Highteous are not admitted re Beatifical Vifion until after the Refurreftion 3 and yet they pray Ijjnrs dej.aried, adore their Pit^ures, and burn Lamps before them- ng likewifc for the Dead in general. They u(c Confeffion to the \ and of late have been aught the ftrange Dortrine of Tranfub- [adon by Popifh Emilfaries, difpers'd thn ugh moft parts of this Country, but they ftill give the Eucharift in both Species to the ^ and ufe unleavened Bread foak'd in Wine. In adminiftring the jmenrof Baptifm, they plunge the Infant thrice in Water, and ap' the Chrifm with confecrated Oyl in Korm of a Crofs, to feveral of the Body •, and then touch the Child's Lips with the Eucharift, are the chief Tenets and Praftices of the Armenians in Religious m: Eut to tliefe we may add that vaf\ multitude of Fafts and Fe- (, which they punrtually obferve j (one fourth part of the Year fuch) and truly it is in the Obfervadon of *em that the very Face ^,e Chriftian Religion is as yet kept up among this People. Chriftia* s planted in thefe parts of the World in the earliefl Ages of the [ill, Bartholomew the Apo(\le being generally reckon'd the chief (if il) Propagator thereof. m lU'i" M^ •1^ X SECT, •^l J I 'M ^00 m I* w> f fi m w ill i k ^ E c T. vr. Concerfjhig the Afiatick Iflands, r The JapAn Iflands. \ The Fhilipin Iflands. Reducd (paie 46,) to Six ClalTes, J The Ifles des Lamns, */:^, S The Moluccoes. • J The Iflands of the Sund. y^Thc Maldives ind Ce)lon» The chief of the Japan are C Japan— -^'^' fAfeaco — "^ ^yjonfa Saniqut S {^Eongo Idem —J l'm^<: ImmL: „ Mem- In the Iflands des Lanons' rt The chief of the ^^^'j^fj" luccoes are From toS. •FromN.I iCeram — S Borneo — Sumatra" of tiiC 5;i..d 41 e *) fava- The cl.'ef of me juuUives is ^^^4/? In the Ifl.r ' '"^-♦/'^n E 1 None. Idem'7 Idem J Cimbelo^ Idem — Achem - Afataran •W. to — *7 Under ti J quatorj . s. of {f r .L None. Candea. Thefe Ulunds (as aforefaid) being rcduc'd to Six Claffes j of ea thcfe Clafles fcparately, and in their Order. Therefore, §H TJoe Aftatkk IJlands. § I. The Japan I/lands, 301 iiiticO TpHESE Tflands (thought by fome to be the JahAdit of J. the Ancients J are term'd by the Italians^ G'lapwe j by the {urdSi T/las del Japon 5 by the French^ les Ifles du Japon •, by the ymns^ die Japan'ifche Infuln ; and by the EnglijJ)^ The Japan IJlands -, civhy fo caird I find no facisfaftory Account among Criticks. I|ir,] The Air of thefe Iflands doth much encline to Cold, but is trally cfleem'd very wholefome to breathe in. The oppofite Place of JiGlobe to Japan^ is that part of the Paragueyan Ocean^ lying between land 3$o Degrees of Longitude, with 30 and 40 Degrees of Sou- I Latitude. miW] The 5*0/7 of thefe Iflands is reckon'd abundantly fertil in ]iiD, Roots, and divers forts of pleafant Fruits ^ as alfo the Ground jhmuch overfpread with Forefts, and encumbered wich vafl Moun- |3<)isvery fit for Paftu rage, and well ftock'd with multitudes of Cat- The length of the Days and Nights in thefe Iflands, is much the b as in the middle Provinces of China^ they both lying under the V Parallels of Latitude. ICoinmot)itics.] The chief Commodities of thefe Iflands are Gold }cr, Elephants Teeth, and moft forts of Minerals. Sarities.] There is in Japan (according to the Teflimony of \tmsj a very remarkable Fountain, whofe Water is almoft equally nvith boiling Oil; it breaks forth only twice a Day for the fpace of (Hour, during vvhich time the Eruption is fo violent, that no- jtgcan wichftand the Strength of its Current ^ for with fuch a migh- (iorce doth the Water burft out, thac 'tis faid to raife up, and throw py the greatclt Stone they can lay over the Mouth of the Fountain, idiat with fuch a Noife, that it frequently refembles the Report o£ ■reac Gun. (2.) In the fame Ifland is a prodigious high Mountain, erally fuppos'd to equal (and by fome to furpafs) the famous Pike \Jimifey being vifible almoft Forty Leagues off at Sea, though eigh- idiftant from the Shore. (3.) In this Cluftcr of Iflands are com- oly reckon'd no lefs than eight different VHlcano^ whereof fome are /terrible. Here alfo is great variety of Medicinal Waters, and ma- [hot Springs befides thac moft remarkable one above-n^ention'd. I In the City of Meaco is a mighty Coloffw of gilded Copper, to fch People pay their Devotions. Of fuch a prodigious bignefs is chat |5(/, that being fee in a Chair, which is Eighty Foot brojd^ 4nd Se- X 3 vcuiy f '*' ••'*'i \l ' !: ^!l .r |, 1 1^ i 'M 1 i « ■'■^1 90a TZ?(? Afiatick JJlands. Parti venty high) no lefs than rifceen Men may conveniently n.ind on Head. His Thumb is faid to be Fourteen Inches about, .md proporj able to it is the reft of his Body. In this City arc reckon'd ab lu: venty Heathen Temple?, and one of them i; faid to be furnifhM no fewer than 5533 gilded Idols. 3(lrcl)bin)Ot)rtcU05 &:c.] Archhtflioprkk,s\ BijJs^prkksy Z)mxcyfi( None. flpannctd.] The Jap inner s (bein^ a People of an Olivc-colrj Complexion) are generally of a tall Stature, flron^ Conftirution, fit to be Soldiers. They're faid to have vaA Memnrics, nimble Fa'nl and folid judgments. ' They are abundantly Fair and jurt in tl Dealings, but naturally Ambicious, Cruel, and DifdainfuJ to al! Srj gers, cfpecially rhofeof the Chrilfi.in Relighn, admitting none ' llanguaSC. ] The J^iponefe Tongue is faid to be very Police andl pious, abounding with many Synonimous Words, which are ccmn us'd according to the Nature of the Subjcft ; as alfo the Qu.iliiv. and Sex, both of the Speaker, and the Perfon to whom the Difcc is direfted. (IPo^'»****ncnt«]| Thefe iHands are Govern'd by (cvcka Pettv and Pi \(orTancs) who are all fubjeft to one Sovcrcii^n, Ail Emperor 01 Japan. His Government is alfo Def pctical, and his Suh adore him as a God ^ never daring to look him in the Face, and they fpeak of him, they turn their Countenances doun to \.\\t Peculiar to the Emperors of Japan^ is the following Cuflcm-, t/^.l they efleem it a kind ot Sacrilege to fufFer either Hair or Nails to b^ after Coronarion. %tm^P\ The Emperor of Japan (according to the Relation ol Ambaffadcrs of the Dutch Eaft- India Compariy) bears (9r, Six Sr,irsj gent^ in an Oval Shield, and bordered with little Points of Gold. according to others, his Arms are Sables, with Three Trefoils -''h^ IRcligion.] The J^/'.tMr^'ri are grofs Idolaters, having a mu vM Idols, to whofe pariicilar Service great numbers b^thot Men and men do confccratc themfelves. The chief of thcfe Idols are by the Names of Amida and Foqueux. The Votaries of the fuiirel luid to affert the Soul's Immorrality, and the P)tha^nre^n Mtcm^f)('i :i-tir. The AJiatick ]Jla7uh, 505 rhofeof the latter imagine. That the frequent Repetition of certain fds will atone for all their Mifdoings, and procure to 'em the Enjoy- jtof compleat Felicity at laft. Great was the Multitude of Con- rjro Cbnftiunity once in thefe Iflinds, if we might fafely credit the niimony of our Roman Miffionaries, who. Anno i ^96. rcckon'd no lefs 13 600000 of the Natives, then aftually profeffmg the Chriftian Re- jon. But how many foe'er were really brought o'er to the Knowledge the Truth, moft certain it is, that they quickly Apoftatiz'd from the j'.e; and that no Perfbn dares openly avow the Doftrine of Cbr'ifl fincc Year 1514. all Europeans (fave the Dutch) and others profelfmg funity, being then expell'd thofe Iflands, and not likely to have n more Accefs there for the future. •'Ii (ice Place of the Globe to them, Ik North mofl part of Brajil, miW] The ^0// of thefe Iflands is generally very fertil, producing \§cu abundance moft forts of Grain, Herbs, and Kruits. They are ) very fit for Paflurage, and feveral of 'em are well furnifti'd with nerich Mines of Gold, and other Metals. The length of the Days INightsin thefe Iflands, is much the fame as in the Southern Parts \Chinu^ they lying under the fame Parallels of Latitude. CominoDittC0.J The chief Cmimdities of thefe Iflands, are Rice, lie, Wax, Honey, Sugar-Canes, Gold, Cotton-Wooll, fyc, llSatitiCG.] In the Stu furrounding thefe Iflands, is frequently feen moi Kilh or Sea-Monlter, about the bignels of a Call, which in ppe d til much relemble the ancient SireneSy fo tanious among the «s-, whence our Englifl) Navigators term it the Woman- Fiji), becaufe 'Head, Face, Neck, and Breaff are fomewhat like thofe of the Fair |ii. In feveral of the Fhilippins are feme little r«/f,ino's, cfpecially keot the Ifland Tandaia, .;< f life ■ "'lir )' 'i ili. 4 3itcl)^ .• t t 504 The Afiatick IJlands. 2lrcl)btn)0P?icfeS,] Here is OD'^ SpAhiJl) Archhifhoptck^ iir^^ ^^^^^ MftniUa. 15irof^?'*»fUf?/'j ^-.'id f'lbjcft to him arc fcveral fuffragan Blfhop^ HsiifcO thei/ Number and Titles are uncertain.- wt 3iJmt:er(lttC??t] Vn'tverfities in thcfe iHaiids. Non^. J919anucr0« j The Natives of t'lcfe Ifljnds are genep.lly a Coura^t, and Valiant fcrt of People, maintaining ftill their Liberty in fevd places : Th. y're faid ro be Civil and Honefl enough in their Dealij wiib rhe Chmfes and Europeans ^ but moft of V.m have a £^re,ii Averfj to t' t Sp Miiardsy having been extremely ill us'd by that Nution in dii refpef^s, lUirtguagC.] The prevailing Language in thefe Iflands, is the . r'tp.K \v:tich is, not only in ufe among the 5/4mWjr themfelves, bi 'Tv^errtood and fpoken by many of the Natives. As for the . culiar to 'em, we can give no particular Account thereof, . near Affinity to the Malay Tongue. >d5oljernmcnt.3 Thcfe Iflands being mofUy fubjeft to the King] Sp^in^ arc rul'a ')y a particular Vice-Roy appointed by his Catholick jcfty, vvhofe Place f)f Re'Mence is in Luconia^ the biggeft of *eml Tiie Natives (as afotcfiid) Cv ilill retain their Liberties in (everal ces, efpecially in the Iflc of iTf/«rfumi, where thofe People call'd rnorier, (/. e. Mountaineers) Sohgues and Alfoores^ acknowledge notli of Subjeftion to the Spanifl) Power. - IRcIigiott*] Many of the milder fort of the Natives are inftruMJ and make Profeffion of the Chriftian Religkn -, and that by the Care Diligence of Roman MifTionaries fent thither from time to time, reft being of a favage and intraftable Temper, continue ftill in the tl Mi(t of Paganifm. The Spaniards here rcfiding, arc the fame in gion with thofc in Spain* §. 3. JJl^s des Larrons, THESE Tflands were difcovcred by Magellan^ Anno 1520. an( nam'd by him from the Nature of their Inhabitants, who wcre| cefTively given to Thieving, This being all that's remarkable of ' we pafs on to $.4' JirO koil.] [inegs. The Afiattck JJlands 305 §. 4. The Mohicques^ or Moluccoes, itwO npHESE Iflands, unknown to the Ancients, are term'd by J. the Italians, MolucchCy by the Spuniards.^ Molncco's j by french^ IJIes Moluques-^ by the Germans ^ dk Moluccifche Infuln • and ithe Englip}, the Molucques or Moluccoe- Iflands ^ fo call'd from the id iWo/cCj which in the Language of the Cotinrry fisjnifieth the Head-^ Ufe thefe Iflands properly call'd the Moluccoes ^zxc ficuaced, as 'twere, ([he Head or Entrance ot the Indian Aichipelago, Sir,] Thefc; Iflands lying under, and on cither fide of the Line, \r\r '/extremely hot, and generally efleem'd very unwholfome. The "ofite place of the Globe to the Moluccoes^ is the Northern part of m. I^otl.] The So/7 of thefe Iflands is not rcckon'd fo fertile as that of 'M'tppin, efpecially in Grain, but for abundance of Spices and rich ofG^Id, they far furpafsrhem. The Days and W'ghts do noc Ichvary in their Extent all the Year round, thefe Iflands being fo near t, and partly under the Equinoctial. |CommoDitlC0<1 The chki Commodities of thefe Iflands, arc Gold, kon, Spices of all forts, efpecially Cinamon, Pepper, Cloves, Ginger, pegs, Mailick, Aloes, (fyc, teatitiCSt] In the Ifland of Timor and Sohr^ grows a Tree which Wth exattly like Human E}0l)CtUtttettt,3 Thefe Iflands arc fuhjeft to mary Sovereign"^ of thl own, and fome (particularly Celebes and GihhJ have eacli of cm vera] petty Kings, whom they own as Sovereign fords and Govern: The Portuguese formerly had got confiderablc fooring in rhefe Iflanc but now the Dutch^ who fend thither many of their condemned Crr nalsto be there employ d as perpetual Slaves. IRcUgioil.] The Native-^ of the Mtlutofs are, f-r the mod pi igrofs Idolaters-, and intermixt with rhcm arr mjny MAhomNunt, u fome who know a Vmk of Cht iff unity -^ wliich Know'edf^e h.irh natb improv'd very briskly in thole poor Creatures, ever fiixe they \upvd 50 change their Malkrs. §. 5. 1 The Afiatkk Ijlands. §. 5. The I/Ia>2Js of the Sund. p.Ct] *TpHESE Iflands funknown to the Ancients) arc termM by J. the Italians^ Ijola d'l Sunda -, by the Spaniards^ Iflns del ■4 ^ by the Vrench^ ies If a de la Sonde ; by the Germans^ die Infuln in Us y by the Englijh, The IjJands of the Sonde or Sund ; fo call'd from ; Straits of the Sund^ between the Iflcsof ^^f^'^^and Sumatra, 3ir,] The Air of thefe Iflands is extremely hot, (they being fitu- U under the fame Parallels ol: Latitude with the MoluccoesJ and m Imtra 'tis mighty unvvholfome, by reafon of many Lai^nefj; one being taken ^t a certain time, that was thir- :cn Yjids and a halt long •, and fo big, that they found a young Boar ihis Belly. In the fame Ifland is a remarkab'c Vulcam, which fomc« iriCi burns with great Rage. (2.) Towards the middle part of Suma- f.', is another burning Mountain, ca'l'd Mmi Balulvanus, which vo its forth Fire and Alhes in like manner as Mount Aitna in Sicily, or 'i!nin< m Naples. (5.) In the fame ifland is a very obfervabic Tree,, "d Sangaliby the Malayans -^ and by the FoYtuguexPy Arbor trifle de; '•lifortimd from its remarkable Property of putting forth abun Jiiceot lovely Buds every Evening, (Which look very pleafant to the "ve, and till the places adjjccnc with a mofl fragrant Smell) but thefe ifling and falling to the Ground when the Sun arifcth, it appears in g dancKoly and mourning Drcfs all Day long. (4 ) In the Ifland of Bortie^ IV. ... ^ ,:"■* >> ,-, *' I'/. ^i". ','J(\ 3o8 The Afiatick IJlands. 1 1 1 11 Sil m ICorn, w jsand Kar, the I BoYne(^ is a Creature ufually known to our EngUfh Navigators, by Name of the Savage Man ^ being of all Brutes likeft to Man, 'both] Shape, Stature, and Countenance, walking alfo upright upon his t hinder Legs, and that frequently, if not always. He is a Creature great ftrength and extremely fwifc in running. Many reckon him Ape peculiar to Borneo^ and the hunting of him is efteem'd a Priac Diveriion. UlrcljbifljOpjieUli, &c.] AYc}3bifl)opicks^ Btjhopk^s ^Vnmrfi\ None. ^hnwtx^*] The Natives of thefe Iflands do confiderably di, in point of Mjmers •, thofe of Borneo being generally elUem a Men good Wits, and approved Litegrity: Thofe of Javx very trcachcrc proud, and much given tn lying : And the In!i...:>icancs of Sumatra affirm'd to be good Artificers, cunning Merchants, and fcveral of expert Mariners. Itanguagc*] The Language in thefe various Iflands is not the far at leaft ic doth mightily differ in variety of Dialedts. The Trading Pi pie who have frequent Dealings with the franks^ do underftand ipeak the PaYtuguexe Tongue^ Ceylon-^ by the Spam r s^ AUld'tvaSy Ccyion; by the French ^ IflisMt^f^ ^^ '^j Mddms ^ Cc)lQn j >'j the Germans^ die MMivijche Jnfuln iy CVy/cBem to co lid Soldiers. The Aftatick IJlajids^ jby the EngUflj, the Maldives and Ceylon. They are cailed Maldives k Male, the chiefeft of 'em 5 and Dwe, which in their Language pifies an /y/4n alfo fome forts of Wine and Sugar. Of the Fruit they ufually make icad, and the Leaves ferveas Paper to write upon. And as for the [rank of the Tree, they employ it either in building of HoufesorShips. Me Iflands likewife abound with varie^y of pretty v.hite Shells, which tmuch admir'd, and pafs current as Money in many parts of ihc adja- [Continent. Irc]()bift)opjtcll0, &c.] Archbifl)opi(,\s ^ BiJJjopricks , Vniverfities, me. ^(annctfit] The Natives of thefe Iflands (being for the m -fl parr, illand flraic of Body) are eftcem'd a lazy, proud and effeminate fore people, yet fome of 'em are reputed to be good Artificers in Metals. M of 'em go ftark naked, except what Natural Inflinft prompteth p to cover. To wear long Hair, is the only Privilege ot the King NSoIdiers. S itatv :^'^ r-- ill m m 310 Tbf Afiatick IJlands. p^^t iUltSttag^« J The Inhabitant* of the Maldives have a peculiar tJ gon of their own. Thofe who refide on the Sea-Coafls of Cejlon undJ fland a Hide Dutch , and fome thing of the Portngue7^9 Tongue. ' j €?0ternment«3 The Maldives arc moftly fubjedl to one Sovereij who hath his ordinary Refidence in Male, the chief of all thofe Iflan And Ce>/on is governed by its own King, refiding at Candea^ to who! feveral little Princes are Tributary ; but much of the Sea-Coafts is pc fcfs*d by the Dutch, The Matdive Sovcreij>n is faid to alfume the Title t Sultan^ King of Thirteen Provinces, and Twelve thoufand Iflands,d thofe of the Maldives, their number being generally accounted fuch. IRclision*] The Natives of this mighty Clufler of Iflands, are par I'i Mahometans^ partly Idolaters, cfpecially the latter, Paganiimh^i the moft predominant of the two. And fo much for Afia and the Afiatick, Iflands, Now fonoweih :U < .-I C H A P. Part ;; S'' tl peculiar ^^ 'O/on, uiidj uc. e Sovereij thofe Iflar M, to wh Coafts is pc e the Title I Iflands, vi Kcd fuch. 1;^ ^N:^t' ds, are j g4n/jwi beir bvvcih ■■ -i . '.1 ■•*■ rlAP »*> ( « Ijkiazaxa. \ TAP J ,>> .( I»M«< ■<«! » m Mta^-1' ^r^. ii I ii. Vi' n II. 311 CHAP, III. Of AFRICA. '€mt I3nttjarp TBiltiuIffcn'ri 5^aati1, or the Defart- Cairo, t Dara, Zuenziga, n ■ L*^. The Land of the Negroes — 'y^ <; Tomhutt (Exterior or Inf. C Interior or Sup.^, Arda* Vuncala, Chaxht4m9» Monomotapa^ To thele add the African Jflands. Of ull which in Order. Therefore, •^•' r '^ ■w '.,1. jv W4^ i ' mil ■' . I ji" ^> 1P^ SECT, 312 I'art li A, ^' ■r^mf SECT. L Concerning CffPPt* between betweea d. m. 52 c6' 62 40^ 2; 3^ ,}of Long ' '^"lofLatic O OOJ ErifCf or the Lower Egypt Beckrta^ or Middle Egypt- Sabld, or Upper Egypt- •^ ^ The Coafis of the Red Sea Length from N. E. to S. W is about 650 Miles. Breadth from E. to W. is, bouc 310 Miles. Alexandria — ' Northward.! Southward l^amc.j'T^HlS Country [much the fame with ancient Eg^pty and noj X bounded on the Eafl by the Ifthmus of SueTi and the A( Sea-, on the Weft by Burbaryy Bildulgerid znd Za^ra-^ on the North! part of the Afediterranean Sea ; and on the South by ^Wta and Ak was varioufly n^m'd of old, as Mifraim, by the Jews ; Angujtanka^ the Romans «, Oceana^hy Bcrofits-y Ogygia^ by jCenopkn ^ Potamiay byiJi rodotus'^ and Hefefiia^ by Nomer, &:c. It is now term'd by tlie Itallm Egytto', by the Spaniards y Egypto; by the french^ E,<^ypte'^ by the cJ mans^ Egypten'y and by the Engl'iflj, Egypt-, focall'd j^asmany imaging from Egyptusy Son of Belks^ and Brother to Damns, %\xr\ The Air of this Country is very hot, and generally eflecirj extremely unwholfome, being ahvays infeftcd with naufeous Vapoif afcending from the fat and flimy Soil of the Earth. That ic never m in Egypty as fome have boldly affirm'd, may defcrvedly chiim a p'i among the Vulgar Errors of the World. The oppofite phcc of the Gil to Egypt^ is part of Mire Fadficum, lyingbctween 252 and 242 Dcgi' of Longitude i within 21 and 31 Degrees of South Laticudc. ^OiL] Egypty (lying in the 4^'' and 5*'' North Climate) was, an fliil accounted, as fertile a Country as any in the World ^ the Soil bd wonderfully fatned l)y the yearly overflowing^ of tlic Nile. It's cxref ing plentiful of all forts of Grain •, and for its vart abundan:-: of informer times, 'tw.is commonly term'd Nji ream roNili R.m.itu. iongeft Day in the Noitlunoll Tarts, is about 14 Hjurs and Ix-h u\j\ uhle t mon! I'JCC liuntl Part lljp.rt II. Fgypt. lliorrefl in the Southmofl is lo Hours and a half j and the Nights pro- pDftionably. ComtnotJittcs,] The Chief Comrmdities of this Countrv, are Sugar, IF!jk, Rice, all forts of Grains and Fruits, Linen-Cloth, Salt, Bjlfam, |:cnna, CafTu, Butargio, fyc. ;^n' M N.E. toS.W 50 Miles. n E. to W. ii Miles. .Souihwardl Eg)\>ty and tRaritics«] In and near to ancient Alexandria^ (now term'd by the Jurks, Scandcricli or Scanderk) are many ronfiderabic Remains of An- iguity ; particularly the ruin'd Wallsof that ancient famous City, with confidcrablc number of Towers j feveral of which are almoft intire. re alfo are divers ftarely Porphyry Pillars, and feveral curious Obe- 9 fcks of pure Garner, (efpecially that which bears the Name of Pompeys pNorthwar(i,|r,//.j,^) fome of 'em ftil! (landing, others thrown down, and all dorn'd with variety of Hieroglyphicks. For a particular Account ci !ch Pillars, with a curious Draught of divers of 'em, reprefenting both .dr true Dimenfions and Hieroglyphick Charaftcrs, Vid. PhUof.Tranf, ii6i and 178. To zhefc Curhfities we may add the [once] proud j!3ce of Cleopatra, now wholly in Ruins, being fo defac'd, that 'tis irdly difcernable if ever fuch a ftacely Strufture was in that Place. :) In the ancient Caftle of Grand Caire^ are feveral Remarkables wor- yuet andtheR*,y obfervation, which Strangers (with fome difficulty) obtain leave to on the North m.. jj^^ ^.j,,,^^ whereof are thele Three-, Firff^ The Arcane y which t^uh'ta and /» a frightful dark Dungeon, and that (as they tell you) into which the ^ AngujldnicA, fttriarch Joj^ph was thrown down. Secondly^ A very large ancienc Potatnta^ ^y^woin, with about Tliirrv Pillars of Thebakk Scone as yet If anding, which by the Ualimw K^ars the Name of jofeph's HaIL Lajily, In this Caftle is a prodi- pte-^ by the Gfcas j^c^p Pi^ with a' Spring of good Water in its bottom, (a Rarity Ismany imagm* e^ vj,;) ^vhich the Natives term Jofeph's Well, From this Pit, fome I Inve'lers are pleas'd to talk of an Artificial Communication under Jiound, between the Pyramid? on one Hand, and the Town of Srve^ nierally efteetrE ^^e otlier. For a farther Account of chcfe Particulars, vid. Theve^ lauteous Vapo*.'s f^^ae//, part i. c. 9. (5.' A few M\kiWc{{ of Grand Caire, arc |hat u never n|e E^\pt!cw 'pyramids, (call'd by the TurJ^s, Fhuraon Va^lary , and by lly cl.nm ^)]^AKi'bs, Dgebel Fbaraon, i.e. ^f^hjrailfs Mills) thofe famous Monu- ents of Antiquity, which 'twou!d fcem devouring Time could noc Inlume. The biggeff of 'em hath thefe Dimenfions, vi^:* Five hun- pd and Twenty Foot high, up-^n a Bafe of Six hund.cd and Two Foot lire ^ Two hundred and fifty Steps fr jm cop to bottorr, each Step be- ; Two Hands broad, and almoft Four high ^ and its Top being tiar, [able to contain Thirty Men. (4.) Adjiccnt to the biggeli Pyramid b monflrous Figure of a prodigious grcatnefs, calTd Sphinx ^ and by [r^dotw Andrcfphinx : The Bu(f (being ail of one Scone) reprefenrs Face and fcreafls of a Woman, whoff: Ikdd according to Pliny tiundrcd and twenty Foor in Circumferencej and Forty three long . Y 1^5 [ace of the Gl |and242Dcgil icudC. late) was, an[ • che syU be: \L\ It's c-/;r;} Jundan::-: oi \ii Rjn.wi. [3 aud ii-h .h\l m 5 14 ^^gyp^' ^^"^^ J'j it's alfo a Hundred fix'-y two from the top of the Head to the lowcj part of the Belly. But thefe Dimenfions are different from thnfe of fomj modern Travellers, who fay, That 'tis but twenty fix Foot hi^h, ani Fifteen from rhe Chin to one of tlie Ears, and the refl proportionab ''$.) Near toGr»?;:iO/V?, are feveral deep fubterranean C<«i^/^/ex (Hewei cut of the firm Rock, and having variety of Hiero^lyphicks infcrib'd oJ the Walls) in which rcpofe feveral of the famous Egyptian Alummk^ and in feme of thofe Repofitories of the Dead it is, that certain Lamp are ("aid to have been found, which conftantly burn without confurain^ till expos'd to the open Air. (50 In the famous River of Nile^ m abundance of Crocodiles, thofe terible and devouring Animals, \vhic| BochartM (de Animalibus S.S. Part 2. Chap. i6, 17; 18.) endeavours: prove to be the fame with that Creature mentioned in the Book of Jj under the Name of Leviathan, thought c mmonly and hitherto taken fc| the Whale. A compleat Skeleton of this Animal, about Four Yard three quarters long, may be feen in rhe Repofitory of Grefl.'am-Co\k^\ being prefented to the Royal-Society by that truly worthy and ingeaicii Genileman, the Honourable Sir Robert Southwell. To thefe Cm'vfnA of Egypt, I might here add that fupernatural (but fiftitious) Prodi;] that's reported to be yearly feen near to old Laire^ i'/<. The AnnJ Refurreftion of many dead Bones on Holy Wcdnefday, ThurfJay, andlfj day, (according to the old Calendar) which both Turt^s and ChriJiiM thofe Parts do firmly believe, and that by means of fome pious tnuj cf a few defigning Santos among them. 4llrcl)li{bopricHd, &c.] Archbtfl)opY'ic\s^ Bifiopricksy Vnherfit'i'l See Natolia, page 280. i^i^anncrisO The Egyptians now-a-days (being Perfons of alowSJ tufc, tawny Complexion, and of fpare Bodies) are generally reckon] Cowards, Luxurious, Cruel, Cunning, and Treacherous ; they mf dcgem-rate from their Anceftors in every thing, favt only a vain AM tiou ot Divining, which feme as yet pretend unto. llaiTSUnge*] The chief I.'rr^K^^^ commonly us'd in this Country, the Turkijh and vulgar ArMn.li or Morisk, cfpecially the latter. T Arabs brought in their Language with their Conquefts, which hath bJ prefervcd here ever fince ; hut the C:phii\ {\\\\ retain the ufe of j ancient Egyptian 'Ycv.^wc^ (which is very diife;ent from all the OriciJ Languages) efpecially in their Religious Performances. In Placer> it I confiderable Tratfick, many of the Europ'j.w Tongues arc underitood fpoken. J:"M d&'obCVlimmt.] This Country ('very famous of old, both in SjcJ iiud Prcphane Hiilory) being a fioviari; ot the Tuy\jP) KnirirJ LOVCl \ irt IL Bgypt. 3IS Ivern d by a particular Baffa. or BegUrbeg, who commonly refideth ac \id Cairo, which Poft is generally cftcem'd the moft Honourable Go- Lment of any belonging to the Port ^ ha.vii,^ under him no lefs than [fteen different Governments ^ as alfo a powertui Militia, commonly koa'd the moft confiderable of all the Ottoman Empire. |ntl0O StcTmky in Europe^ page 15)4. iScUgion*] The Inhabitants of this Country, ("being Moors^ Turi^s^ ViArabSy befides the Natural Egyptians) arc for the moft parr ftrifter Servers of Alahowet's Do^rine, than any People clfewhere through all Ottoman Dominions. Here alfo are Jews in great numbers, as alfo liny Chriflians call'd Cophti^ vvho follow the Errors of tutyches and hcms^ yet not concurring with them in every Poinr. The Cbriftian lith was firft planted here by St. Murk, who' is univerfally acknow- jli CO have been the (iril Bilhop of Alexandria* ■■;#! ^i mmin :m 1 2 SECT. a i6 SECT. IL Concerning TSi1tb«ltl?» Pan 4. m. .^» *'^'!' ■? 1^ ?i I ■« Cbetween| °* |^ j-of Long ■|^betw«n{5tro »of Lac. 'Morccc: - fet B^y&riKy comprchenc^s J^'//."{'""" * the Kingdoms of \rmU^ Tripoli — Bare a — -< « / Length from W. tj eJ about 2300 Miles. ^ 1 Breadth from N. to about 580 Miles. >»Idem"7 I Videm j" o Jldcm ^J^ i>'ldem .!:! J Idem tj ff Idem ^ Idem From W. to E. Barhary being the mofl confiderable (at lead, the bed kncnM^^>^^ Country o£ all /ifrkay I (hall in particular confider its Divifio*^^^ ^ Therefore, Taradunt •••*> ^''iWoKocco are« GaT^ula- Morocco' Tedpeft- Elmdin • ,T€J\ea- z:l- Found fromS. toN, i2< Fex arc Ft?^ in the main Land. Bem!( _ Sallec''^ Larac ■ > — 7rt/>;ger [novvdenoliftiedj - V^From S. to N. E. u{X the Sea-CoafI, I Telcfifinm^Z^ Oran- ._ ?FromW.toE<, a Parti '3rt IL r Barhary, 317 Afgkr- ^ ^ Gtgtart From W. to Er Bona- lomW. tj eJ koo Miles. horn N. to l8o Miles. Tunis are Beggtd' Biferta Tunis -^ < MahometU' Sufa ^From W. to E. upon she Sea-Coafl, ' rom W. to E.I ^ Tripoli — Tripoli are < Lcbida — C Atifurata- Bare a are {Barca-^ Zudrd - •From W. to E, From S. to M. ''^"'^•] "JDArbary [comprehending Mauritania of thi.* Ancients, as x3 alfo Africa Propria and Lyiw ; now bounded on the Eaft he bed Un(j\sm^i)P^ i o" ^hf Veft by part of the Atlantic^, Ocean ^ on the North r its Diviljoj^^^ Mediterranean Sea • and on the South by Bildulgerid'] is term'd ^\\t Italians^ Barbaria., by the Spaniards ^ Bcrberia\ by the French ^ in\ms ;, by the Germans^ Burbarjen j and by tlic Engl'tfl}^ Barbary ^ lb ild by the Saracens from Barbw^ (which fignifieth a murmuring [und) bccaufe this People feem'd at firft to their Conquerors, to pro- unce their Language after a Grange murmuring manner. Others do her imagine, that the Romans^ upon the Conqueft of this Country, it BurLtria^ and irs Inhabitants Barbarians, bccaufe of the Rude- and Barbarity of their Manners. from S. to Nv . to N. E. ur >ca-Coafl, *. to E, [JCiv.] The Airo( this Country is indifferently temperate, and gcne- V ellecm'd very heathful to breathe in. The oppofitc part of the labc to Bdrb.iry^ is part of Mayc del Zur and Mare Pacijicum, lying pvecn 184 and 232 Degrees of Longitude, and 24 and 3$ Degrees of phcrn Latitude. l^'Oil^J This C'juntry lying in the 4"' and 5"' North Climate is very rni'o in Corn, and moll kinds of Fruir, .jlthough 'tis full ot Mountains ja VVoods, efpeciaily towards the Mediterranean .Sea. It brecdeth many dsof Beafts, particularly Lions and Leopards, with many Apes, and rnc Elephants, bcfuies abundance of Cattle. The longed Day in the lirtlim if Parts, is about fourteen Hours and a quarter ^ the fliorteft in Soiuhmoll, 10 Hours and an half ^ .ind the Nights proporcionably. I n^ * ;■ I' *"■• n* V' ■>'. 1 I *"i.?ri ■ *<; 'ITS'' !l '*<■] y 5i8 Barhary. Part! fi » ' ^•! Commot)itic60 ThechiefCowworfrV/Viof this Country, areH^a Wa%, Oil, Sugar, Flax, Hemp, Hides, Cordevanrs, Dates, Almoi Mantles, i^c, IRarttiCS*] On Mount Zagm^ (about Six Miles Sputh from Im, arc many Uui^sof an old Caftle, built by the ancient /lomitnj, with veral Latin fnlcripn ns, as vet to be feen upon diver*; Marble Sti (^.; From theaf reiiid ''^, untain to the Cirv of Carthjge^ wasonq curirus Aq^eduH : And upon Mount G«fj7:-f (in tbe fam-' Neighb ho^>d^ arc loiV" ulain t/edigia o( Roman Magnificenre, ftill vifiblc to Dav. v3 ^ ^" ^'•■- City of uMorocco dre two ma^^nificent Temples, built by Alt, and the other by Adul Mumen, which deferve the pariil lar re|:^ard of a curious Traveller- (4.) In the Palace Royal of the \ rofc^ Emperors (a Building of n vaft extent, and term'd by tli?Niti| Alcacave or M'ich'iHart) is a ftarely Mofque, with a very high Turi on whofe Top arc Four Apples of fulid pure Gold, which alcojjc weigh Seven hundred Pounds Weighty and in another Court of i!,c palace is a prodigious hi^^h Tower, fo contriv'd, that the Emperor mount up to the Top of it on Horfeback. (§.) In the City of k that famous Mofque call'd Caruven^ which is faid to be almofl hJ Mile in Circuit, and furnifli'd s\'nh Thirty Gates of a prodigious bignj It hath abjve Three hundred Ciflerns to wafh in, before they g^ Prayers ; and in it arc upwards of Nine hundred Lamps, which aren monly lighted, and burn every Nighr. (6.) A few Miles from the ins oi'Tatiger is a narrow dcfcent of many Fathoms deep, (rcltin'j that of a Coal-Pit) wliich lead:^ unto a large Subterranean Aparfm from whence are Paffagcs into feveral other Apartments, all oi Vmdi with good Marble; and no ways to be doubted but that they were fign'd by the Ancients for (cveral Repofitorie^ for their Dead, there ini> found in them as yet many Vm^ and StMucs^ with fbme In'cm] in the Fwucl^ Languaiic. (7.) Over a ccrt.iin Uiver call'd S,ihu {w runs between two Hills, term'd Benj-jajgit and SHego) is a remark Bridge^ or rather a ready way of pafTing from one fide of the Rive the other-, and that by the help of two l.irf,e Stakes fiKt fafiin Ground (on either fide one) between which arc extended Two Itri Ki pes and to one of them is ty'd a kind of a b'g Basket, able to tain Ten Men, into which the I'affcnf^ers hcin.^ cncrcd, and pulling of the Ropes, (which runs by a Pulley) they waft thfrnfelves much fooner, than we Europeans can pafs cither by Bridge tr Vide DapperV late Defcriptknof Aftka, None, Vnn ■oi> MU Parti IrtlL Barhary. 319 |try, areH:a ith from 7wg Marble Stii ^.TtmetO*] The B.irh.triatis [thus charafteri/d ol old oy IfdrJi^ir^ mi (inquit ille) Genus funt hom'wum juapte naturii cxda AxiiVfjimnTv... M]ue mn fjc'iL' akdens iy defperjtin fimiles, contempt u fcilicet m.rtK ;^ l!.///or//w] are now a People that's generally very Incondant, CraUv, k Unfaithful, Aftiveof Body, Impatient of Labour, and Covetous of Icnoiir. Some of 'em are fiudious in matters of their Law ^ and others ;inc!in'd to the Liberal Sciences, efpecially Pbilcfoph) and the Mtthe- uti(b- The Inhabitants of Sullt\ Tripoli, and Alg'icr.^-, are migluily '''*^^' M^-^^^'w^" "-^ Piracy ; and many of the M')rocco't^ arc much addifted to Mcr- .l^f^'lj^'^^f^Mjndizing Difpers'd throuah all thefc Countries are the /^>\t/'j-, who fiiJ viijbic toM[-pj(.jjiiy in Barca) exercife their common Trade of robbing and mo- t Ternples, M^^qp Travellers on the Highway. erve the pariM Pi^ 1 /^"•l l3i^5Wagc.] In mofl of the Sea-Port Towns, and over all the Coun- by t,ie NitiB,'j5 bQrjjerJng on the Sea, the prevailing Ltrgu^ge is Ar.ikique^ or cor- pt Ar.ibicl^. In the City of Mcr:;cc\ and feveral other liaces, they !1 retain their ancient Language, or rather a corrupt Diaiett oi t!ie old |'ro«. The Trading People, efpecially in their Dealing with Stran- tfi, do ufe a certain /.ir^'!/! compounded cliietiy of Sp.ii:i!h and Fez- (jW:^?, not unlike to the Lingua IVunu among the Tari^s, cry high Tun which alco^etl Court of li; he Emperor c City of ftj be afmof} hall ["^^'S'^H^^Jll^obCtnmcntt] This large Country (comprehending feveral King- , 5. ^nflrmsi'nd Provinces) is chietly undc the Great T^'cii:, and Emperor of )^(!CCo : To the latter belong the Kingdoms of Morocco and f'c':^, and to :m are afcrib'd (or rather heafiumeth) the following Tides, 117^. Em- leror of Africa^ King of Afjrncco, R':^, .SVw, and T,ijT.det j Lord of digo^ ff.i^ and Guinea -^ and Great Zeritf of Malrmet. Tlie other Kingdoms r Provinces of this Country, are moflly fubjedl to the Great ri//(', and s, which are iles from the eep, Crelciii'^ nean Apar^m 5, all of Vrndi lat they werelfg govcrn'd by his particular B.iffdi fet over 'cm-, only Tumi and Al- r uc ad, there t^j^ (Two confidtrabl" Commonwealths, or rather diilinft Kingdoms) ' iiv?^^/r''''ff°"^ ^^^^^ ^^ '^"^ ^^^^ ^^''^^^ rcfpj^tive BAff.t i-ppointcd by the Grand alia Sdbu iJlignjor, yet they're (o eager in maintaining their Liberties and Privileges^ \ ^r ^ /^"''^'I'^'it thofe B.iffd's are little m:Tc than mere Cyphers. For in the former ^ (; ( n ■ T ^^^^^''^» ^^^^ Inhabitants have a Power ot chuhng their own Governor ^A ^'^^ '^f^'^P^'n, termed the IVv, who rules the Kingd-jm, coniUcuces Caifs ^ iT' "i"^ pjffeth Sentence in ^11 Affairs, whether Civil or Ciiminah Tlic Di- sket, able toljiKjf 7-^^,,^ \^ compos'd of one ^^'.£, oneC7j./y^/, twelve Olib.ichi^ twenty ! ?, "fjy"! "^fo"r Bmloubacbi^ two Secretaries, and four Chia^nx^ wlio judge in all tetcrs after they have heard the Sentiment of the Dcy, who may ac- cptorrejert their Advice as he thinks fir. As lor Algiers^ Tiie Go- ernment thereof is lodgM in the Hands of the Army, pjrticularly tlie >lficers of tlic Jamx^Avies^ ot whom the C Muicil L.)t Srace is compoL'd, c';j/'i.tV||ndof it the Agt ot the Juni:(Ar}cs is Prchdeiu. It's true, the Grand- i^nior keeps always in this Place a B<_(f>fy with the Tiilc of I'ice-J^oy^ rhemfelvej r Bridge tr k', ■it i rfJi hn'f.jl ■Mi' '1 if mm * \ 520 Barhary. Part' but he's at beft but a meer Shadow ^ for he may not io much aui the great D7u<«, unlcfs invited by the whole Council, and when ari., ted, he hath but one finale Voice, and can only Advife in Marr^ Befides thele Two potent Republicks of this Country, rhere's anorjj v'tx^. That o( Tripoli -, but it is iDtirdy fubj^^t to the Grand Sign'iy^ governs the fame by a particular Bijfa. fcnc from the Ottnmxn Cjur-.^ renew'd every third Year. He is lionour'd with the Scandart of T:<«i; and the Title of Beglerbeg, 3tmsi*] The chief Independent Potentate in thefe Countries bei the Emperor of Vex^ and Morocco^ he bears for Arm«, Three Whel Argents As for the refl of Bxrbury. Vid. Turk) in Europe^ page 1 9 J lRclig(on«] The eftablifht Religion of this Country, is Makmei iiifm-^ but the Inhabitants of Moroco differ from other Mahometans in vera! confiderabl. Pointf^ •, particularly thofe maintain'd by the Follo.v^ of Hjmet, (the firft of the prefentRace of the Morccco Emperors) w was at fii ft a kind of Monk, and quieting his Retirement, A.C,ii,\ began publickly to preach to the People, that the Doctrine of Hji'nt Omar, and other Interpreters of the Law, was only Humane Trad inoii befides feveral other chings of that Narure, which occafion'd luch ki mofities between other Turi^s and tlie Morocco's^ that a Turl:^'ijl Slai with them, is no whit better treated than a Chriflian. There are 4 many Perlons in and about Algiers, wh.. likcways differ from the othj Mibumentam in divers Particulars. Some of 'cm maintain, that to fi Seven or Eight Months doth merit Eternal Happinels : That Ideots the Eleft of Gcd : That Sins a^ainft Nature are Vcrtues : That t^ JMarahouis among 'em are infpir'd by the Devil, and yet they sccou^ it an honourable thit.g to be dcfil'd by one of 'em. Thefe and man other fuch ridiculous Follies do they believe and avouch. The ClmiYii Faith was firfl planted in this Country by fome of the Seventy Difcipk and St. Simon the Apoftlc, furnam'd Zclotes, n. S E ( : 1 ir. J521 SECT. III. Concerning 'BlJQufgcnU, * ■ .between- /between" d. m. 02 00 22 g 32 40 00 ■of Long. 05 f Latir. Length from W. to E. is a- bout 2040 Miles. Breadth from N. to S. is 4* bout 300 Miles. Dara — iklger'tcf com- Iprehends rhe« provinces ot iSegelmefs - Tegorar'm — \Zeh EHJulgerid prop, fo calJ'd Defarc of Barcd Idem — Idem — Idem ^^From Idem ^W.toE Teulachar Caphefa'— None confiderable. pic« ] TyJldulgertd [theancientA^z/w/V/^, and now bounded on the Xj Eaft by tg)pt'^ on the Weft by part of the vaft AtUntkk, lean ; on the Norrli by Barbary j and on the South by Zaara ; or the ui] is term u by the Ital'iavs^ Spaniards^ French^ Germans^ and £n- i, 8'ildu!gerid; fo call'd from the vaft number ot D,itcs it produceth, pMamcin the Arabicl^ Tongue fignifying a Dute. |2lir,] The Ah of tliis Country is very hot, bur generally cfteem'd liindantly wholefome to breathe in. Tiieoppofi re place of the Globe Bildiilgerid is dut o^ J*4nre del Zitr snd Mnc Pacificum^ lying be- fecn 182 and 235 Degrees of Longitude, with 22 and 32 Degrees of phcrn Latitude. *ioi!>] The 5;/7 of this Country (it lying in the g"^ and 4'*' North .mute) is fomc-vhat barren, the Ground, for tlic moil part, being vc- landy, yet in furne low Valleys is found Corn, and great quantity of litcs. ' The longeft Dav in the Nortlimofl Parts, is about 14 Hours j the lortcfl in theSouilimjfl, m Hours ami a quarter, and the Nights pro ■ ptionably. CoMimoliiticc*] The CommoJ'uief of this Country are very few,' [cychictiy conliilin^ in t'^fti) Cactcl, U^tcs, and Indigo. .^3 :^^- I'k'^ H.^^ tM '^ ^m I'' i Bildidgerid. the main Ocean, between B-jadnre ar d ciic Town of knn\ wliirh in ch^ Winter-time, (when other Kivers do ufually fvvell over their Eanksl grows commonly dry. and j^cs 'hereupon by the fr^:'h Name iUl vere Scche. C^O ^^^^ ^^ ^'^- af ^rcfnd 7>^' - b.i is a I.tde Village, cal Deufen^ which is of great Anriquitv, b'";.a 'Jiilr ov the -'"' -w -m , as pears by the Remains oFfeveraIScru(:i:ure., md (.mcR.'>. 'j 5c^:u!chr, beiidcs variety of Medals, (found frequently after a Rain") having coi monlv a Head upon one fide of 'cm, with Latin lafcriptions, and U phics on the other. Vid. Dappcr'x late Defcription ofAfrica. 3lvcl;bt2)0J):t.tlS5, &c.] Archbijhprkks , B/pjoprkl None. .'y. Vniverfitl ^annct0.1 The Tnhabituius of this Country (befides the Na;i. bein^chierty 'Arabs, are generally ignorant, cruel, lecherous, and mi given to robbing. Ilaujuagc,] All we cm Icarn of the Language commonly us'd by ti Natives of this Country, is, that 'tis as rude and barbarous as they the! felvct,. The Arabs here rciiding, do rtill retain their own Tongue. dHoljerumcitt/J This great Body is fubjeft unto feveral little Kings Lords, who (for the mof\ pirt) are tributary to the Great T«r(', i\ Emperor of Morocco. Sime places are govera'd in Form of Indepcndc Commonwealths-, and cihcrsarc without any kind of Government, Order amons thcni. o IRcltgioiu] The Aeligion piofefs^d bvtrc \\iv<\ge. Tnh:ibitant.j.of J Country, is that of Mahometanijm ^ but many of em are funk into | grofTed Stupidity as to Religious Matters, either not knowing what tJ profefs, or profelfing as good as none at all. Here are feveral Jews fcj ler'd up and down in thofe Places beff inhabited. The Chrijtian M was firft planted in this Cour.try much about tiie fame time with Ei ^Mry, Of w'^'-^h already. SEC ;rt 11. 523 SECT. IV. Concerning ^ilflta, or the Defart. di m. lCbc<.vccn5 °' °°l.of Long. C^ Length from W to E. is a- IV c 50 ooj •/ 3 > "'^" ^54^ Miles. ^■of Latir "^^C^^eadrh tromN. to S. bout 330 Miles. 'becvvcen- 21 28 00 00 IS a- pYjclif^ Vmvsyfitil pifity or the Defart, comprehends the, Provinces of Eorm Gaogi \B.ndia — Letnpta — Targj--'- ZMihaga— From W. to E. f.mt,'] ^ Aara [a part of ancient Lyb'ui, the Sea^of the Getuli and X ^ Gar tm,:ntes'^ now bounded on the Ealt by pare of Egypt y KuhJa ^ on (he Weft by the vjft Atlanticl: Ocean ; on the North by fMgerJd, and on the South by Negroe-land] is cenn'd by the Jtalianf^ pr.st •, by tlie Spaniards^ Zaarao Ikfierto -^ by the French, Zahara on \M.irt, by the Germans, Zaara^ or M^j//"-, and by the Etiglij}), Zaara, ahe Defart -y (ijcall'd by the Arahmm, (the Name fignitying a DefurPj kmk 'tis a C unrry very barren, and thinly inh..biced. %iv,^ The Air of this Country is much the fame as in BilJulgerid, cnly ahrrle more hot, but very vvhoi:on.e to brcache in- The opp' fite Place of the Globe to Zaarn, is that pare of Mare del Zur^ and Mare l\icipenm, lying between 182 and 243 Degrees of Longitude, with 21 and 28 Dcj^rees ot South Latiiude. Spoil*] This Country lyingin the 7,^ and 4''' North Climate) being gener.illy very dry and landy, is not fertile either for Corn or Fruits -, yea, 'tis generally fo baricn, that its Inhabitants can hardly live. Such are thofe vaft Defarts, and terrible Mountains of Sand in this Country, that Travellers are frequently reduc'd to great Extremities, being liable either to be overwhelm d wiih the Sand, (if a Tempcft of VVind arile) cr to perifli with Thirft if it chance not to Rain. To prevent the laftof tilde (the firft being unavoidable in cafe of Wind) they commonly kill one of their Cameb, and drink the Water in his Sconiach \ thofe Creatures M I* J . »t. 5^4 Zaara. thai .'.(' Mih-)U]^t's-^ bur to ijarbircus:iiKi brutilh \A j^ciicrafirytjf tins I'c-.-plc, tlvu many vA \m live \vit!;Out the Icafl rig!i[ £\chgi()Li amon^^ tlicm. The Chrijiiun l.iith was t n;*c planted here, quite c:;u:r!nin>iied to.v.u'cis the bcjjinirn- ct the Eijuh Century. SEC Part Hi Ificeth Niturc n the NortaJ in the South )nably. re very inrin« and Cane! tKrf, arc certi; wards which \i »hry agitation! :mble a boilinl ligious heightil [criptions up^f rich Merchant ; former had North of 0.vA i Lybia C)r^Mi Part II. SECT. V, Concerning the Land of the Negroes, d. m« between {°° J°^ofLong. be.ween|--| ■ of Latic. ? Length from E. to W. is a- bout 2280 Miles. o/:^Breadtli from N. to S. is a^ £ J bout 600 Miles. he Land oftheNe ^Genohoa — ^ Gelata — Tombut — Agades — - Cano— — Cajjena — c o H i^ Itl.c Provixices ot |ng mollly Au^^ ■cfembHng rat' MeUi AUnd'inga Gago Quber ^Idem . Idem Idem- — Idem- Idem Idem Idem- — Idem' — ^- Idem- Idem V Idem — Idem — From W. to E. up- on the North of the A'/^er, From W. to E. up- on tl-.e South of the A'ker. Idem Zegreg- {^Zavfara- j ■nbv t^^cNativ|gg|-j^gg ^j^^^^ 1^ ^1^^ Countrv of the Jahfcs upon the Mouth of the h.nlyusdur* Lhoffeaivit. lame,] f^Egroe-lavJ^ or Land of the 'Scgrocs, ("unknown to the An- frveral p^rtid 1]\ cienrs, and bounded on the Eaii by Kubht-^ on ihe h mnder "P^feft by part of the JlLintick Ocean on the North by Zaura ; and on liifclves ^^^^V-WSoMth by Guinea) is term'd by the It dliuns, Facf^ Hi Mori:, by the imi.irds, T'lerra de los l^egros -^ by t\\t Vrercb^ Fays dcs Kj^res -^ by Germans, Morenland ^ and by the Englijl^y Seg^oi^-land^ or Yhi Land \k Negroes ^ fo call d eitlier from the vCulour oiits Inhabitants, or rhe ^er Niger, rhc only P^<' hid brutilhib: u the k-aO (\g\ tpidutvd here, \\\ Ccatury. SEC lit^'^ The /I?rof this Counrry is ve>y warm, yet gen; rally efkem'd kvhol^lome fo b'-i.^'^e in, that Tick Perlbno are reported to be l-trcuj-ht ther rom fever c i -^ he adjacent Countries^ and upon their liay in :r any coniidcrable time, arepcrfeftly reftor'd to their former lleakh. : opp.ifue F'iace of the Globe to Ne^rot^'lard^ uparc of the Well A- wcriiiin 'd> Mi '. ii m I .j«' If I 526 'Fegroe-Land. Part mencan Ocean, lying between 180 and 220 Degrees of Longitude, wi 10 and 23 Degrees of Southern Latitude, ^odO The Soil of this Country, lying in the 2** and g** Nor Climate) is very rich, efpecially towards the River A'/^er, which ov< flows a confidcrablc part thereof, as the Kile doth Egypt* Here is gr^ (lore of Corn and Cartel, and variety of Herbs. Here are ma( Woods, and thofe well furnifli'd with Elephants , and other Eejf both wild and tame. Here alfoare feveral Mountains, and thofc rich lin'd with valuable Mines of Silver and Gold. The longefl Day in tj Northmoft part of this Country, isabont 13 Hours and a quarter; rj Ihorteft in the Southmoft is 1 1 Hours and a quarter j and the Nigt proportionabiy. CommoTJttiCS.] The chief Commodities of this Country, Oflridge-Feathers, Gums, Amber, Gold, red Wood, Civtt, and EJ phants Teeth, fyc. ISartticsO In Jfuala (a little Kingdom in the Country of the JukfA is a fm^li River, call'd by the Franks^ B W. to E S^The Kingdom ofBinhi- J^L Ardit- IPamc.J /^ Vmccu "unknown tr> the Ancients, and properly a of KegrcC'land ., now bounded on tlie Ealt by pare of thioplu Exterior ; on the Weft by Tome of the vaft Atlanikk Ocean;] ihe North by Kegroc-land'^ and on the South by part of the Ethh Ocean] u term'd by the Italians and Spaitiards, Omned •, by the f>4 and Germans^ Giiitiee-, and by the EngUp}^ Guinea-^ lo call'd (js imagine) from the Nature of the Soil, and eKceSfivc Hcac of the Cc try, the Name fi^nifying JJot and Dry, k nij '.i ■ *lttr.] The Air of this Country is extremely hot, and very unw fome, efpeciaily to Strangers, with whom \i ih difagreech, that 1 Jive but a Ihort time after their Arrival in it. The oppofite place ut Globe to G/j chants who trade with them. Here alio are ieverai inc.s;iaafi!| Part' W. to E. ) Miles. hN. toS. ii Miles. - >W. toEl roperly a by par: o£ kk Ocean;] the Ethi- by the f>4 caird (as ' at of che Coi TtlL Guinea. 529 Lot Gold ; and in many of Irs Rivers are found fome Pearls of Jvilue, with abundance of Gold Duft. The iongeft Day in the Arnold I'art is about 12 Hours and three quarteis^ the rtiorteft in [xjuchmoll II Hours and three quarters j and ihe Nights proportio- very unwhd ch, that ni^ ite place ot ;ent Ocean II Degrees ;oinmot)ttics/] The chief Commodities oi this Country, are Gold, k, H'des, Wax, Amber-Gris, Guinea-Tepper, Red Wood, Sugar, jirt. irittcs.] Soimpetunus is the Current ot [ik da V'oka^ that tlie tor abrjut a Mile near the place where the River dilgorgeth it (elf, iiw.iysof a \vhir.ih Colour, and is faid to have a fweetifh Tafte [iniJi ten Fathcms deep, (2) In fcrveral partf of Guhwii grows a Tree, (commoniy calld Migr.oioJ which having an inciri:,u |; in its Body, doth yield an excellent ( iquor ot much rcquefl among I'utives •, proving to them more pleafanr, ftron^, and nounihing, |[he choiceft of Wines. ( ;?.) In fcvcral InUnd Provinces of Guinea j |(he Countries adjacent, isiomctuTits lecn that rcmarka' leCnature, liiSuViige by the Fortuguexc^ [and by the Natives, si^nia jVliirow^^ \w}\\ ufually found in Angola^ fund there call d Ourarg Outangj from rceone was lately bnught to Ehjr.nd^ and view'd by iMultiru-'es of |:c at London. Such Creatures walk trtqucntly uv^ri^hr as ci- at Jr limes, on all four*, and fo near is their rcfemblance to Human I tlut many of the f^egroes either take them for real Men, inu- j that by long crntinuance in the Woods they're become D^'W)- |i), or look upon them as the fpurious llTue of unnatural Commix- y Some of our Modern Travellers would fain perfuade the World, ph Creatures are the genu iii Off (pring, either of the ancient Su- \)\y)gmies, (o famous among the Poets, and ib frequently men- Id by /'//«;', (who fp:ke much f,>f them by i:ear-lay.) Eut otlurs, niore fhcw of Probability, do reckon them Specifically the fame ic Ji'cs of BorneOy already niencion'd, p^tge 508. t-or a full and Uiory Account of this remarkable Creature, with a nice Exami- [noi the various Conjerturcs about it, 1 refer the Reader to a Uur Treatife on that Subjtti^ lately publiOicd by the Learned (IjbliljCpiicUs, &c.] Archbifjopricks, Bi/Jjopyiil^s y Vnwerfitks, <1 I I ' iTi ^M ertiie, proil uatry is •uiictG.j The Natives oi this Country arc great Idolaters, to the liiB'iuperltitious , and much f;.vcn to fiealing. in Complexion t of the bUckeft fore , and moil cf 'em walk auitc naked of th-ic i inciihaaf!!! Mil with- ♦ 1 55<^ Guinea. Part without the /cafl (hamc. Some of *em on the ScaCoafts are givpni Trading , and underftand Commerce tolerably well : But geneJ they're a cheating, proud, lazy, and fluttifhkind of People. ReJi,, able is one fundamental Law (or rather an ancient Cuftom)am4 fome People upon the Huaquii-Coitfi , r/:^. That every Fcrfon isi liged to betake himfelf to the fame Trade or Employment, which Forefathers have folloiv'd. Upon the Death of a Husband in thcKii dom of Benw^ the Widow becomes wliolly fubjeft to her own Son any) and may be reckon'd among his number cf Slaves ^ only with' difference,' that fhe can't be lold without leave obrain'd from theimj diatc Prince of the Country where they live. To kill a confidcrableni ber of Slaves at the Funeral of any great Perfon, was a Cuftom (almj univerfal through all Pagan Countries, and particularly here, buc nil worn out in thefe latter Ages. 3Lansttagc«] The chSti Language in this Country, is thxt calFd gx't, which is alfo underftood and fpokcn in fevcral adjacent Cnun^ particularly Tombut and Mdlh Of the fevcral Tongues in ufe upon! Golden-Coafl^ that of the Acanifies is mofl univerfal •, being current ali all Guinea over, except Anten^ Acara^ Ningo, and Sinco, which have k, their particular Dialefts. The Trading part of 'cm underftand and fj Portuguese, dPoberiimcitt.] This Country owncth Subjeftion to f everal Sovereif the chief of whom is ordinarily ftil'd the Emperor of Guinea^ to w| divers other Kings and Princes are fubjeft. Next to him is the Kinj Benhy who is cfteem'd a powerful Prince, having feveral States fuM and tributary unto him. iBeliSton* 1 Pag^^nijm is the Religion of this Country, the Profci whereof is attended with many ridiculous SuperHitions \ and in (1 places on thaGolden-CoaJf, that Diabolical Cuftom of offering up man Sacrifices is iWli in ufe, but not lo current as formerly. The Pi gorean Opinion (embrac'd by a great part of the Heathen World) pra mightily here. Thole of the Kingdom of Benin do own a SupreamB^ whom they call by the Name ot Otifa^ acknowledging him as theCrj of Heaven and Earthy but think it ncedicfs to ferve him, bccaule they) he btitig itifinicely Good, will be fure not to hurt them, the very contrary Account, tlieyVe very careful in paying their I lions, and cff^'ring Sacrifices to the Devil, or fome badSpirit,| they think is the Caufe of all their Calamities. They likewife up a ye.irly Sacritice to she Sea, rcckoaiog thereby to appcafe the^ Ipjrtll. Guinea. 331 Ud procure calm and peaceable Weather; In federal othct parts of cis Country, are neither Idol nor Temple, and many of the People M to entertain but very (lender hopes of a future State ; and wholly L the Refurreftion of the Body, except thofe who are kill'd in the tjfj. Which Exception hath been undoubtedly inculcated upon *em vfome of their Princes, and that 'tis very probable, out of a Political iiii- ■T I i SECT. ■ <'^A ',' i 'I Ill iih y 3r^ ill SEC T. IIL Concerning jOtlbUl *^ \ between ft d. m. \1 00 57 oo ^ >of Long. \ g ^ • ■ • ^ /becwcen-j J^ ^^^ fo ^ ^ 25 00 is about 840 Miles. b CI r' ' KJ. Lntry [ar. »lVorI Us ^ ("North — ~ — Kv.h'm I (_South •chc River A'w^z, chief Towns are ii?cl;i ipaaiic/] "V T'o'3m [know.i formerly under the fame Name ; andij iN bounded on che Eaft by part of Ethiopia /'xit-rki the \Vf:i\ b\> ^ aura and Kcgne-lui,.' , on the Noreh by Pgypt and pjrf UUdulgCYhi^ and on the S:.>uth bv Eth'rp'n InUrir^r'] is tcrrn'd by t'sej lians dtid Spatuardi, l^Htiit-, by the f'M'rr^', Nub'ie:. by {ht Gemiati^^ b'tcn^ and by tlie Eng!tfl.\ Kuhiu \ fo calld from its aiicienr li/'^abiul ihe Kubi or Kub'ii^ or (arcording to orhersj the finbAc^£ and A':^ and finally fome would dcr.vc iti ^4anlc from NrnibLi, (once) chc Qp City of the whole Country. ^tr.^ The A*/*- of this Country is cvrry-whcrr' eycrer.clv hor, ir| mg feld/.m qualified with Showt.:- of Rain. 1 he f ppofr.e place cf Globe to Nuhi.j^ i^ p-:rt v '• ''■^ay i/e! >:;,», jyinj^ between ?. :o and 24. grcesof Longiiude, with 9 Jiid 25 Dcc^rtes of Southern Laiicudc ^Ollv] The Soil of tills Country (it lying in the 2'^ and 5'^ NJ Climate is faid to be very fertile in tho/b Par^s adjactnt to thel'j A'/'?i but clfewhcre 'ris generally vtry barren, Ixinj^ cumbered manyformid' jIc Mounra:nM">f 5and. Htrre is ^ood firre c.f r-^hyli tornc Sugar-Cancs, nnd (j.s fevcral rcforr) a few Mines of G'.ld. longcfl Day in the Norrhnioli Tarts, is about 1:5 Hours and hJf;, lliorrcff in the Southmofi, i J Houjs and half, and tliC Nij^htc yr; donably. he a lb tiifif'< U ^^' Uiigti [iCfl hi!! hemti: Furs, c. if^^d in liheif 1 hinc* Sdisii Uilin and UcrS' [cordi* CoinmoDinc0*] The chief C-'mm)c::t''?i of t'ut ^'UDtry^ zk C'ver^ i'l'-^ar, fvcry^ Arms^ ^ti. ti \ ftrt< ^ N- F- to S.I ?4o Miles. 'iTi F.. to VV. ij vns are ;Namc; and I i'iput i'Xit:Yh Pgyl't and pir rcrrn'd by tliej rhe Germam^ icienr lir'^3hia| .r^d? arid Ncbd (once) the 0: •en;c!v hor, ir| )U.c place ct' 7. :o and 24-. ri i-Jiicudc y' and 5' N act nt to thei' ij^ (.umbered; ■ore of RIc'i'lij 's of G';ld. :s 'itld llu'f; :nrry^ arc ft II. Nitki^. 393 |^;.\ritiC6.] In divers parts of Nubht are ftill extant the Ruins o£ Chriltian Churches, (beini;^ reckon'd one hundred and fifty in all) [^feveral Piflures of our Elelfed Saviour, the Vir^'Jn jytary, and many (its. Mofl ohfervable is that ftrange fubtle Poifon produced in this [0)', one Grain thereof being able to kill ten Men in a quarter of an ijr. It's commonly fold at an hundred Ducats an Ounce, but never Mgcrs, unlefs they promife by Oath not to ufe it in thefe Parts of World. RemarJwble is this Country for being the Birth-place of the |ious SHbhn Geographer. h:cljbi(f)OpvtcU0v Scc.] Aychb'ifhoprklis ^ B}(J}Oprklis , Vmverfipks* ItBamwro.] The Nubians (of a Colour extraordinary Black) are faid Leirtronp, courageous, and cunning fort of People, much given to j;r, very laborious, and manv of 'cm exceeding wealthy, there being lijiini'd a confiderable Tratfick between them and the Merchants oi y Cair in E^)pt, UitquagcO The Nubianf have a particular Language of their own," iich hi?'h r vc affinity with the Arabkli^ and Chaldean t, as alfo fome leiutrf ■' ae old £^;p/ /.in Tongue. p^^jcnimcut,] This Country is govern'd by Its own independenc w ,^, is faid to be a very powerful Prince. One of hi> Predc- fnrs, call'd Cyriacw, upon Information of the Chriftians t>eingcp- if^d in Egyptf is reported to have raised one hundred thoufand Horfc their relief. IrinCt] ileUsiou.] This fpicious Countrv was once Chriflian ; but chc Mini- tailing, the Iiihal '.'I'Drs, for want of Pallors, fcllolfl itomChrifiia' , jnd in proccfu >'" Tinir became either ilrift ^./^JwWff^tib- or ^'K)/> liters. The Co\i^\ .'' v •• Blcjied Gofpel did reach the Nubi ix, and cordijilly recciv'd by \.\r\ jn the earlieft Ages of the Churdi. '1 3 SECT. l|r- V'-' lit ,1' > 'I' ' .( >; i0 m If I ! i /■ m 9S4 1 m Wi ': i^ ■ If .i SECT. VIIL Concerning CtfjIOpii!* d. m* between^ f | ^°}°^ ^*"S- Sl between! II °° |of Latit. ^| Length from N. E. to S. is about 5600 Miles. Breadth fromW. to E. is| bput 2180 Miles. rincerior. It being divided into Ethiopia< (.EKCerior. '^Barnagajj'o — "^ Tigremahon'- DohaCTat 'f Interior compre hcnds many^ Fatig^ Provinces, the j Angote - chief of which Amur a >: are j BelegHati^e--' l^Bagamedri — ^ o (J >"» « (%.' Exterior compre-^ hcnds the King' J Loango- doms of p row^i — Iff Empires riWonopmkn^/ ' o of \MonQmotapa f^ JdemJ' ridem — ^ Idem — Salvador- Idem •— . CamHY- — *^. Idem — CojoU — Aklinda - Erava. — s^EreccQ^— .N. to S. ■S. toN, '/N. to S. J;- tllcW. ■I } N.toS.ontj S. of i| Ah^lfm. I S.to N. on [j E. of tf Ab)jflm THIS vaft Complex Body being generally confidercd, as divid( into thcfe two ClalTes, vj^. Upper and LovFcr ^ or rather tthi.^ Intsr'm 2nd Exterior : 1 Ihall feparately treat of them both. Then fore, I' I ; i Id. 06^ \, \ . Ethiopia hiterior^ or the Land of the AhyJJins, ,C,] TpHIS Country [badly known to the Ancients, and now JL bounded on the North by Nubia-, on the Eaft, Weft, and ^th, by Ethiopia Exterior~] is term'd by the Jtaliatrs and Spaniards^ |nii j by the French, I' Empire des Ab)ffins 5 by the Germans, Abyf- i; and by the Englifh, Ethiopia Interior ^ or the Land of the AbyiTms. IjCaird Interior, becaufe of its Situation, in refpeft of the other £- [u, being encompafs'd bv the fame on three fides -, and AbyfJiMa^ er from the River Abai^ or its Inhabitants, whom the Arabians call ^j|)i, a People once rcfiding in Arabia t'jtlix. The Name in the E^yp- I Language fignifieth fcattered Nations, ljir»] This Country being wholly within the Torrid Zone, Xt^Air is lerilly very hot, bur yet in f me Valleys extremely cool and tempe- [e; by reafon of the many and prodigious high Mountains, fo ficuated Jiivers Place?, that at certain times of the Year they intercept the t beams from low Valleys lying between them. The oppofite place [[he Globe to the Land of the Abyfjins, is part of Me twcnty four Years ^ and each of 'em are faid to be proportir-n in all its parrs •, with Gates and Windows in a rnoft regular i ner : For the Jchncgraphy of one of ihofe Temples, Vid. Cmmi y. Ludnlphi in NifinrhAm fuam Ethiopicatn^ lib. 2. cap. $. page i (4.) In feveral i,akes of this Country, and the River A'/7e, is quently fcen that amphibious Creature, call'd by the Etbir^i^^l^Ani BibM \ and Hippopotami^ by the Gnek,^^ becaufe of its havin;; loj^^'^^y refemblance to a Hcife in feveral parts of the Body. This is Creature which gees by the Name of Behemoth in the Book 01 according to the Lcarnc-d Uoih.irtw [De Anhnal'iha^ S. S. Part 2. j^.J who therein diitcis extreamly from the Vulgar and (form recciv'd ) Opinion in this matter. ( 5. ) In other Lakes and Riv is Ibmetimes taken the Ihpit h'ijh^ whofe Nature is fucfi, that i Vcrlon only touch it , he^s fuddcnlv fcizd with an exceffivc C and Trembling. The Natives arc fuid to allay the violent Heat burning Fevers by tcucb.ins; the Patient therewith. (6.) Of tMUn^U many curious Birds in this Country, the Pipis is moft cbfervabB'i the as being the ready Conduftor of Hunters to find out their Gan for having dilcovci'd any Eeafi in his lurking place, he's faid r:> towards the Hui.ciine;!, and ca'Iing inceiiantlv Fjiiton Kctre^ (> hi imports that th.y fticu d tolluw jiim ; he tiles fofily betbre the and is furc to ccndud tlu'm to their dc fired Prey. (7.) Great is: variety ot ftrans^c Animals to be t^ren in various Provinces oi this v I':. lonii^ ' c^?, tli^Jt a Man mounted an ordinary Hoilc, may cJhly pafi under his Belly, without fo h.li as toucliing him, Lu;//|, fjie ^ecnya^ which \l generally rccM] the m()fl cor?>.:ly Crc.aure i/f all (Quadrupeds whatfucver. J particu'iir Accuunc (.f chel'j, und many more in ihib Ciunn m Lnrr\| ;slUl •' tl Hid as I tog 'al Mlt'U^ iile 'e ini pre ; ,v o'hJ tc ((he iHldlfft is th( , Tha ccmt iVimai |£oi'Ci In, 1 Vi '^ r ihc :d as k{i\\\ lito ' !'■,(.' \ I Ethiopia, oof itii. \lLudo^l>hus above-menrioti'd , IJ^. I. C^iP. 10. And the Ic.jrncd }tus his /-/ifrczoicun, Fjrt i. Lib, ^ To thcfc Rarities oi ihti'c ,nrrv, i rni^'.ht here add the thrice famoui> Mountain of Am.ira, I ch uu.-;;!!! indeed to lead rhc Van, rarher than bring up the H^ar, ni, atcnrh pure if what hath bcin rel.iced of it, vvcre really true, ,t''rthc Sabhaticjl Pyiver^ (mentioned both by rlhjy and Joi'cpLii^ [-.■.liich forne (,i tiic ModcTn Jeivs wculd fain peiluadc tiie Worldj ;ff now to be found in this Cuuntry, bein^^ tormcrlv faid to be in \,'n) 'ris jufrly look d upon as one ot tiie many Ratbinic^l l-iUioriS :n,i; them. ?;r i)bilnoin-k!iG, &:c.] Although the ^^^jJj/L^i- allow of an Er- i'licjl HiLr.Mchy in tiic Alcx.ind\iM Cl.uich, (v\lu)fe Kirriarch is y as their Head) vet they don'r now admit of any other Order vi- log 'em fupcrior C) thac of a Fresbjtcr, fave only their Abbur^i. It^.iimciy.] The Inhabitants of this Cnunrry (being Perrons of li.vny CJour ) are generally cfietm'd an ignorant , lazy , and MJiUS fore of People ; no': to be credited unleis they fwear by iile of tlieir Emperor. Oi f'Lveral ridiculous Cuftonis amon^ , one is > That they gcncrah'y iiare a Smir'i as the Devil. vk in 2r\i. about Ck.ixumo ^ are reckon'd the beft of the whole Irire; divers of therm beinp, accounted very in-'enious , befides Bv o'hers, who bet-ke themfclves to a dcvcuc and religious fore of l;c^. Il.incjuage. ] The Al^lfiiie Tcn-;u2 fc^^ms n hr-c fome ArTmity •i rhe Hebrew and Ci}.;icLticli. it's divided into a great many Dii- h ([\\c chief and mort Kiin'd of which, is the AmarisJ and thole JiDditfcrenr [.anguages wirlii.*? the Limits of this Empire. Rcmarka-' is the /4it/J/"/;t' Torgue for one (hing truly finguLir, and p:cu!iarro ir. That \v;icrcas rhe letter A is reckon'd the firil, by the Ab}(Jir,cs ccmmonly accounted the thirjecnch, aecoidiug co LuJolphus his ii.nniar. kovcvnnicir T'"'s Spacious Counciy is fubjeft to one Sov;,. V fbl'd in (he Eihivpian Lnngunge, Sai^^ifi (which fi^nihc? ti or Rii/cr ) orhcrways, N^gujelj A' ^ viVA*, i.e. Rex Re gum : As (■the Enrof^'jn 1 ide ot Prener or rfeA>>ter JvfjHy that's now rec- :d as one of the many vub',ar Eirois in tiie World. Ir's n nv bjllv aj.^recd I'pon . That this /'ihi)pian Monarch fancicrh him- I: to be iprung fr(^m Sjlomor nod M.-.quedii ^ (or Siz^aule^ acccrdini? I? rf.'.'/Mj Queen ot ilie South. lleV. hid lu alL v,e a great many V4?a ■,,;..|. 4: i. .•'1 "? w^ t 338 Ethiopia. rarti vain and exorbirant Tirles, cxprefTing all thofe Provinces by Nj comprehended within the Circuit of his Dominions ; and ftil himfelf, The Beloved of (jod^ fprnn^ from the Steely of Judah : The of David : The Son of Solomon : The Son of the Column o/Sioni Son of the Seed of Jacob : The Son of the Hand of Mary : The sj Nahu after the FUfh : The Son of St, Peter and Paul after the Sbi ^c. His Government is altogether Defpoticai , his Sobjefts hi treated as the woril ot Slaves. He is fo reverenced by the greatef 'em, that at his very Name chcy bow their Bodies, and touch Ground vviih one ot their Finger?. The Empire doth not defccnc the EldeftSon, but to him whom rhe father upon his Deathbed be pleas'd to name. 2|lnns.l Ti:e y^'\yjjjne tmperorb, for EnHsins Armorial, bej Lyon holding a CroJs, wiih the following Motto, '/'icit Leo de Juda, iRatlties.] Within rhe Limits of this fpaciaus Empire, is a gj mixture of People, a^ Pag:ins^ Jews^ and Mahometans^ of varj Nations^ but the main Body of the Natives is Chrijiian. TJ hold the written Word of God to be the only Rule of Faith \ that the Canon of Holy Scripture confifts of Eighty five Bod whereof Forty fix , they fay , are in the Old^ and thirty nine the Nevp Teflament. They're not well acquainted with the Ap^j]i Creed, but in lieu thereof do ufe the liicene, or rather Conftant'ml tan. As to the grand Dodtrine of the Incarnation^ they're gene ly Eut)chians, being formerly kd into that Detcftable Herefy, by! cfcorw. Patriarch of Alexandria. In the Perfon of their Empel they lodge the fupreme Authority in all Matter?, as well EccI aOical as Civil • and do thereupon wholly deny the SupremacJ she Bifliop of P.ome, allowing him indeed to be the tirft Pjcriaj but cfteeming it Antichrillian in him, to pretend to a JurifdicJ over the whole Church of ChrijU As they diiown the Pope'tj premacy, fo alfo do they difclaim moft Poinrs of the PopiOi ^rinc; particularly thofe of Tranjub'jiant'utttony Purgatory, Serxk\ an uniinorvn Tongue, Auricular Ccnftjfi:n, hrittges in Churches, CeldA the Clergy, ExtreamVn^ion, &;c» They make ule of different brj in Bapiilm, and keep both S.itkrday and Sunday as Sabbath. TJ punftually obfcrve Circumcifion, and abftain from eating oi S.vJ hlefh, nor out of any regard to the Afofakk Law, but purely ail Ancient Cuftom of their Country, They're much enclin'd to gij of Alms, and vijfiting the Sick. Their Divine Service doth whj confift m reading of the Holy Scriptures, Adminiflrations of Euchariit,, and hearing fomc Homilies of the Fathers. ThcyreJ 11, Ethiopia. 559 urch betimes, and never enter with their Shoes on, nor tic unlefs upon the bare Ground. They caretully cbferve the r,red Hours for Fublick Prayer, and perform that Duty with Devotion. In a word , many ot the Abyjjines exprcfs in Ic- refpcrits a deep Senle of Rehgion. For a particular Accounc 15 People, both as to their Rehgion and other Remarkable?, I LMphus\ Ethiopkl^ Hiftory. The Roman Miffionaries did vail about Seventy Years ago, that the Popiih Religion was (0 have got lure hooting in this Empire •, for they had once d (he Emperor and Court, and obtain'd a Proclamation in their THir, enjoyning the whole Body of the People to embrace the fiiie of the Roman Church. But the Ab)jfincs were fo loth Lift with the Religion of their Forefathers, that the Emperor's jvour to propaj^ate the Roman Faith, occafion'd many dreadful leftions in his Empire j which could not be quell'd without iing a Sea of Blood. Finding therefore his Endeavours to be i;n, and dreading the Confequence of making any new Attempr, iholly gave over the Defign^ and not only return'd to his for- Belief himfelf, but alfo gave leave to all his Subjefts to do the , And that he migfit regain the [almoft loH] Affedion of his f, he forthwith banilhed out of his Dominions all Komun Miffiona- ivhatfoever, together vviih Aipbonfo jyierde^y a Jel'uic, who having confecratcd Patriarch of Ethiopia, at Lisbon, and approved by the , had been honourably received by the Absjjine Emperor under chat after, and rtfided at Court in a peaceable di (charge of his Oifice i'cvcral Years. As for rhe plantation of CbriiVianity in this Country, cojiltant Tradition among the Inhabirant?, that the Eunuch bip&i'd %lip rhc Deacon, was Steward to the Emprefs of Ethiopia ^ and upon his return he converted the Court and whole Empire to the (lian Faith. But (following the Opinion of other?) this Councrv defiitute of the BleiTed Goipel till the Fourth Century, when firlt: ■yfted therein by Frumenthis^ (the Son of a Tyr'ian Merchant) who confecrated Biihop by St. Athanafin^, and is commonly reckoned thn Muna of this mighty Empire. .. *. ■ !,' '^i'-r "f\ §*. 2. Ethiopia Exterior line,] "Tp HIS Country (or rather a CcmplcK Body of fcvcral J[ Countries, and thofc unknown to the Anciciits} is ded on tne North by Ab)[fjni>ty on the Ealt, Well and South by Ethiopich Ocean. Which Country , together with the Abjffihe ire abovemcntion'd , is term'd by the Italians and Spaniards, 'l^if'i by the Irenih^ Ethiopie -. by il c Germany^ I'fhicpien-j and 1 ' ' '\i Kt M ■;■ ''■ -.1 K'vii ij «:' ''lii 540 El bio pi a. :h. '1 h' . • ran by the Eng!:fl.\ EthUpli ; f ) r.iH'd from aJ'^u, Vro, and h of fome Sugar Cane;, fe kinds of Fruit:, and Spices ; are alfo fisrnilh'd with fome confider; Gold and Silver Mine?, and every vvliere abounding with Eleph.ant Lyotis. So rich were thefe Mines found by the Fortuguer^e^ in 2d /Mr, and feveral purrs of the Cafres^ that the Country about Sf hath been lo )kt upon by fome Modern Geogr;!phers, as the miu: troverted L^nd of OpLur. The longcft Day in the. Northmoft p]:;i| 1:5 Hours and an half; the lliortcff in the Southmoft, 9 Houisancr quarters •, and the Nights prop jrcionably. Comnio:)ttic£!,] The chief C''ww5^/7/ex of this Counrry, areG Silver, f-.mber-Gns, fon.e Pearli and Mu.k^ Kicc, Mill, Catile^lini Citrons, Ivory and Oyl, fyc, IHantiCo,] Jr. the Kinc^dom of Angola is found the Q^v'u'i row, chat remarkable Creature, cf whom already in OuifieUy i] (2.) Moi\ ions ci Crearurc- in Congo are to be flen alfo in Ar, particularly, a Serpen: (call ;! .■yinia by the Inhabitants of ^: [;tll. Ethiop'uL 341 llmhAmm.t by the Angohis ) which is reported ro be of fuch a pro- [ij]5 bij;nefs, that lurs faid ta 1 wallow a voung Deer at one MorfcJ, In divers Lakes of Angola^ i particularly thoie nt i;^{//;,z/f(? and Angn- \) are frequently feen lome Water- Monilers, ternVd Ambifurgulo and W"'i by ^^^ Natives-, but Euy'iKjvs ^ive them the Title ot Syrenes^ hit Tvvhen taken) they fetcii heavy Si^hs, and cry with a dolorous le ref>;rnbling very much the mournful, yet charmin^^ Voice of a Ln. One fhnd of that remarkable Creature 1 have lately iccn in hepofuory of Natural flarit'ies at Leya'en : And two Hands in the Im Regium at Copenhagen. (4.) In the Iflar.d Lexando is a remar- [eTrec, lall'd by the Inhahicart? Eujada^ and Arbor de Rai^ (i.e. ■KAukumJ by the Portuguese, ft derives this Name Irom the Na- jctics Branches, which fpring forth on all the (ides from the Trunk, J-erc'tis generally three Fathoms in Diameter) and many of 'em bow- fjjow as to tcuch the Ground, rake Root and Ipiin^ forth a nev, JiiVCiKir v^eir^lit they bow down attain, and rake Root the fecond Land fo on till they cover a th;.»;l".md Pace? in Circuit, and able to Ic under its Branches three thouljnci armed Men, who may find De- |e not only from Hear, but alio Hain ; fo thick and numerous arc (ic hiiamenrs, and fo well lin'd with Leaves. (5) In Icvcral VAn% Q,jnd South of the River fodnza^ are confiderable Mines otRock-Salr. ihefe, and fevtral odicr Rcniarkahles of this Country, I'ld. Dapper J frdjbinjOpJlcUwj 5u^J Archl'ijlpr'icl^i^ B}fl:,p)'hhy^ Vnivcrfitki. JaunCtiS*"] The vjricus Inhabiranrs of thcfc many and vafllv bded Countries, are generally a bull. Savage, and Swarr!iy of People , among whom a ;:^reat many remarkable Cnftoms ail. To indance only in a lew : ii's repc:tcd of tl'.e Empe- \cA Monorr.itapu ., th^r whciKcr he drinks in pubiick^ the whcic itdorh j iintly put up their r-r-tyeis in his behalf, and that with by Icud Vv^ice, \^hicn Va:\v^\ iicara i;.i the Neighbourhood , a!l ions tiicre living are bound to d.) lii-^ i\\mQ -^ as likewife others ;ng them , and lo on j whereby rhe wliolc City or Countrv kciit i-> always Icnfiblc when the Emperor takes liis Glafs. In |lvingd'»ni L'f l.\ivgo wxi maisy C.innib.:ls, and in feveral places 'tis tiu^l CO ie.'l Humane v"kOl pabli'wkly in S'i:iUTibles, us other Na- do commonly Beef and Mutton. In the lum-j Kingdom 'tis efta- id by An ancient Cultom, iji^t when e'er a bathicr deceafeth , iGccds belong not to rhe Chi-urtn , l>uc );'";• own Erorhers or Iri, who are bound to r.vke c.irc 01 fuct) ot r/ic litflc Ones, as ciiink are not able ^0 care tor c!i(,mitiv<,:. To add no mcrCj \i ^M i d ' i'' , 1 m-^ - \- \ \ if i i . ^k^^. h '■'> r M^ f 542 Ethiopia. Pan We read of another Cuftom yet m )re uncouth, among a certain pp inluh'inngthe CafreSy vvhicli is, That whene'er a Father deceafcthi Children, both Old and Young, are oblig'd to lofe the little KingcJ ihr.T Left Hand, and to bury it with him. For deferring the h] mince of that painful Duty, they're commonly very tender of their rent's Health, and rake all care imaginable to prolong his Lite ■ wj was probably the Original Ciufe of fo ftrange a Praftice. Bui all the Inhabitants of thcfe various Countries, there's none obfervable for their nunner of living than a certain People unto , and upon the Cipe , and commonly calPd by the Namj Hott.intots. They're lb termed from a frequent Repetirion ot or fuch like Word •, and may hi reckon'd the moft Nilly and t'(hofaIl rcafbnable Creatures, having nnrhing fave the Sha^J I^hin that can lay claim to that noble Charafter. Their Bodieil ufDally bcfmcar'd with common Greafe , or Lome worfe ftml Sruff, which occafions a very loath fome Smell. Their ordinary] hh is a 8hccp-Skin, juft as 'tis pull'd off from the Carcjfs;! ihcy ufc (as Ornaments) the Guts, c«/»j puris NAtural'tbus^ wr.ipc a!| their Legs and Arms two or three Inches deep, on which they Ireoy Iv feed when fcarce of frefb Provjfnn?. Notwithftanding ihe u^ falJeU'd Naftinefs of this People ; yet fome Travellers talk 01 a cen Inland Canibal Nation (i(^rm'd Cobonai J who make frequent lncur(| into their Neighbouring Cjuntries, and fparc none they c.uch, no, the Swinilh //iff.tn^ofi- themlclves, who, ('twould fcem) fhouidi bu: a very unlivery Kepall. IL^ancjiiajTC, j There is a wonderful variety of Langu.tges m thafe fious and valily extended Countries, which go under the Nameot £ pi;etl to feveral Piiccet, a? Zari^uekn is aovcru'd by fome r u E Ijrtll. Ethiopia. 545 jjof its own ; and many P!jce5 on the Sea Coafts are Tributary to ^f^rtuguer^e. The Coaft of Alex dorh principally belong to the 7«ri^. ilaftly, AJAtt is p? under the Txr-^, and partly its own Kings. |3rmsO Ijcligiotu] The nnmercus Inhabitants of thefe many Countries, are rally grofs Idolaters, excepting iho(ccf2:./r^jtf::ui-, [containing many Frovinct^s, l>uc very unccruinl Chici Town is I'^nflicfej upon vhc S. F.. patt of tlie Illind. St.. i^'ihicnt / Sr, Luiia >'.V. co E. Illinds of Cap leyde are St. Nil ho'iti — Infill u de Sat — , Bor.ai'ijia AL'i^o- 7-^^^— - - In ilia del i'U't; BraVii - Lavcrr'tii y^Furtc rer.rnr^i-- - Chief To^'fi f,i 'is Sc. Jji^i in t!j file St. 74^0. .N. E. t.g. W. From E. to W. Chief To^ ol all is Cana^ia, m f' 11 land Camviu. .V.uA'r.r, U-'uv^ in ;}2 Dc|^. ^oMin. Norch l.urudc, its ChKj' r.) m African Ijlands. 34$ H E moft remarkable of the Afrkan Ifhndi being here reduc'd to Kour Claffes, v]\, Mtdagafdir^ Capd Verde IjUndSy the Canaries^ l^idera^ we flidll particularly conlider them, and then take a Gene- View of all the reti Therefore, §. I. MADAGASCAR. ^iiiCf] 'T^'^^IS ffland (unknown to the Ancients) is term'd by the I Spaniayds^ Iflade S,in Loretiz^Q\ by the Fretich^ St. LaU' k othf-rwile Daupfj'ine , by rhe Italians^ Germans^ and FrglifJ}^ Afada- \:if; wliici '-l (Tie was uf'd by the Natives, and flill retained. As to Title of S'. Lanrenci'^ the fame was given to this Ifland by the Portu^ , it bein[^ on St. Lnnrence'h Day that ihey made their firft Difcove- t ir. fcir,] The Air of t!iis iHand is generally very temperate, and by mod I'l'd to be ey reed'nfi wivjlcfomc to breathe in. The oppofite Place of iGiobe to Mada^afcur^ is the South part of California, boil.] The Soil of this Ifland is extraordinary fruitful in many t;: thereof, affording all things ncccdary for the Life cf Man in lit \'kniy. The length of the Days and Nif>;hts in Atadugafca>\ is the ti^'m Mnioernurgi^ they both lying under the fame Parallels of liude. CoimuoDtticn,] The chief Cmmcdities of this Ifland, are Rice, Wax, Gums, Ciyfial, SlccI, Copper, Ebony, and Wood of all 'm s'}.tm \vuma. Hi (' Janttcc*] Towards the Eaflern Part of this Ifland is a pleafant t.inl Valley, call .1 t-mboufe , which is Oockt with feveral ricli es of Iron and Seed, and yields pfcat Score of the Oyl ot «". (2.) Nigh to the atoreHiid Valley is aii cKCcIlent Medici- Wfll (.f hot WrtC^M , which proves a ready Cure Icr cold [cmixrs in the Limbs. V?. ) In the fame Neij^hbourhor. i is a jiMcunraiii, on whofe top is a rcn^ariw Mah^itiLtans ^ except thofc People living upon the Eartcrn C between Fifteen and Eighteen Degrees and an half ot South tude, term'd ZajfebiLraint, [/*. e. the Race of Abr,iham~] \ and o on the adjacent llland , call'd A'#/ Nibra'iWy ['/. e. The I' Abrufum] who differ extremely from their Neighbaurs in Ktl M F Parti X River IS :d to be a ■ People, c Divers fin^iiJr> rly rhercf\ib: md afterwards I dead M i[',cr live, having no their Child, (as they tel 5, as their are thoU- ar is accon ickt vsich fjri IL African I/lands. 547 i0.n. For many of 'cm are ("aid to obfcrve the Jeivifl) Sabbarh, and ,emt only a iainc Account of the Creation of the World, and Fal! Man :, but alfo a few broken Tallages of the Sacred Hiftory concern- ) Soah and Abr^ihim, Af:w\ Eallern C: of South n'] ', and ot e. The 111 «rs in Kcli Mai rJ3gef, Coco's, higs, and McIgiis. kiant:CG.J The moH remarkable of thefe lOands, is the Ijk de Fi'ego li-i', i.) cali'd as being a noted VulcanOy ccntinually fending upful- Jurous Exhalations, and (fomecimes the Flame breaks out f.^i-Jna or hnii4 like) in (uch a terrible manner, and vomits f^rth fuc'^ d ni n- l:ot Pumice ffones, that it annoys all the adiaccnt Parts. In Injuh de tare many Natural Salt- pits, which yield a prodi[Moa5 Qumcity ot If'vm v/hcnce tiic illand derives its Name, 'If *i' i^! ?■ ■) *:» A4 2 %XiU^ nil ' x m \n 548 African IJLmds. Part I| St i I 3frcl)bt(bO|)Mcfe^> Sic.] Archb!fl}opYhks , Bilhprhks, Vnlv^rflti^ None, flJJannGrs.J The Inhalirancsof thefe lOands being fortngiiere, much the fame with thole on che Continent. Ilanguagcl The Inhabitants of thefe Ulands being Portu^uerc aforefaid) do (iill retain their own Language. (BobemmcntO Thefe Klands at their firft Difcovcry being dcftin of Inhabuants, were peopl'd by their Dilcovcrers the Portugueze^ ai at prefent belong to the Crown of Portugal, and arc rui'd by a par^ < It] Governor, who ailumeth the Title oi' T/te-Ao/, and commonly retMcj in the Jlland ot Sujagc', iReltgionO The Portugimt here rcrtdmg, are of ihe fame Rili^\ with thole in Fortngal- §. c;. The Canary Ifl^yuh, jQ^amCtJ "T^^H &SE Illands ^the hfuU i^ortrnttx of the Ancients X term'd by the Italians^ Ilota di ( uiurta •, bv the Span'uu IJIits Can(tri(ti\ by thcfremh, les Ijks Canaries-^ by the Germans, Cm rijihe Infuln , and by the Englif}\ the Camry Iftwds ^ io call'd from tl chief Ifljnd Canaria^ which dcriv'd its Name from Can^ [i. e. Dog, Spantfl)^ bccaufe a vafl number of Dogs were tound thereon by the ^ m'hirds at their firft Difcovcry of it. Six*] The Ah Wax, Sugar, Oad, Plantons, Dragons-Blood, Canary- •rds, ^<^- B«iretiCS. ] Among the Rarities of thefe Illands, is reckon'd a cer- [:n Tree in the middle of Fero^ (term'd Garoe by the Natives •, and by ji Spaniards^ Santo) whofe Top is faid to be encompafs'd every Night [■[h a thick mifty Cloud, wh'ch condenfing into Water, doth drop from Leaver the next Morning ; and that in fuch quantity, as fufficiently |;[ve[h all the Inhabitants, the Ifland it felf being dertituteof Springs. [ifor the Ifleof Tcnerijfi, 'tis famous all the World over, for its pro- Jiious Pike, which (appearing to the Eye as a large Mafs of many cks, promilcijoufly heap'd up, in form of a rugged Pyr.?mid) is thought |;iome curious Naturalifts, to liave been rais'd en a fudden by a mighty ntijgr^rion of much fubterra» aifiarctf^ [emuch the fime in Mat^tiers with thofe on the Continent. The few [Kives yet remaining, (term'd Oudtichits) do moltly refide in Mountain.*^ m^ and Caves. Latiguagc] The Spaniards here rcfidmg do ftill retain their own i>oDcrnmcnt.] Thefe iflands belong to the King of Spain, who for It better ordering of Afiiirs in them, doth always keep a Governor in wru, the chief Town of the chief Ifland. His Power eKtcndeth over [hefc iflands in Atfiirs both Civil and Ecclefiafiical. ItlcUgiou.] The Inhabitant? of thefe Iflands (as aforefaid) being Vreat plenrv ^"'y Spanhirds, arc of the lame Rcligim with thofe in Spain, A a ^ <^ 4. Madera ^I'fH I Mm > -fi •11 I •',.'! I ■|. . • It: vJif h 1*1 ifi ' » 55c African IJh/nJs, ^. 4. Madera or Madera s. Paa if lf)aim»] "TpHIS Ifland (not obrervable of old } i- rfrm'd by ui X If't'finr and Spaniards^ Madera-^ by r!ie M'rc^, .l/.z^^J by the Germans^ M ■ 'rren ; and by the Er.gUp^ the Afadera or Jr^i-r,, r fo calld bv tht Ponufj'r^e at thtirfiifl Dilcovcry of it, Anno 1429. a^. caufe wfiolly overgrown with Trees ; the word /^ladera fignityin;' Wood. 'SHirO The //rot . ''/-;.' .j be- ng very Tcmperar", confidering tl^ Latitude of the lH^ind, is generally eficcili'd very he.u'thful to hrai in. That Place of the Globe oppoiire to Miderj, is part of the vj Occidental Oce.ui, between 180 and 182 Degrees of Longitude, with and 35 Degrees of Southern Laiiiude. ^Oli.l The A>,7 of this Ifl-ind is very f.rril, producing in ^re| plenty moft forts of excellent hruit;-, and a kind of Wi-ie that', muc cfteei^n'J of, being tic to keep for a long time both by S.' ind land The length of the Days and Ni?Jits in this Ifland, h much :!i idm in 2:aaY\i on the main Continent, they both lying under the (anie p.ir^ !c!s of Latitude. CommotJittccl The chid Comrmditia of this Ifland are exc( lent Wine, au\ ..ofl forts of dcfirable Fruits, as alfo Honey ac Wax, ^n'c. tl^aritiCO. j What moftly deferves the Epithet of Rare on rf lOjud, is that excellent Quality, either of ics Air or Soil^ or liori \v}^,ich, like our Neighbouring Ifland, [Ireland'] proves mortal r">i Venomous Animals 5 none fucli being touiid here, or able to ' IV^V brought thither from abroad. In the fide of a Hill, nigh Pcnr^ti^ is] remarkable Fountain, whofe Waters do fometimes iifue forth in fuc jbundancc, that the adjacent parts of the Ifland are then fubjcct to| terrible Inundation. '^VCl)diniopncfeG, &c.] Archb:fJh-)pr}cks^ None. One Bifhopyi(k,xl that of i'on:(at or louchale^ which is Suffragan to lUhm, il^anncrs.] The Inhabitants of this Ifland being Portuguerj, much the lam: in AfMwers with «'ofe on the Continent, but more m oufly enclin'd, (if that c.n It Ar.i fuppos'd) being mighty r^Uul In their common Crinjcs of Theft aiid Murtlier. Part if Irt II. i :f rm'd bv t a or M.idcr.{%, '""^ 1429. 3C- t fignityingi African lfla?jds. 351 Ltiti^uagc] The Portu^ueze here rcfiding do ftill retain their ovva 'H^^ )nridcrir!^ rif "'iul to brta^} rt of the V.J tude, wicii jcing in ^,re| e that':, muc V'" ind l.ar ch 'ii I'diin :hc (aiiK- p.ir^ and are exes fa Honey an Rayc on '1 So'il^ or '/ -tj s mortal r^; able to liv" h ['cnz:tl, i^l forth in fiiC sn fubiect tal 5otJCmincilt, J This Iflard belonging to the Crown of Portugal^ is ')V 4 particular Deputy, whjfe place of Kefidence is commonly at LiCligtou,] The Inhabitants of this Tfland beitig Portuguer^e, (as r.iaid) aie of the (ame Religion with that publickly profelb'd in the :;dom of Portugal, flr'ing thus confidered, in particular, the moft remar\Me of the .in Ijl.mds ^ proceed we now (in purfuance \ our p-' pos'd Me hod) :.kea general View of all the reft, or thofetiiac are Icjs 1 emaYk,.ible, !u:h lllands (to be vcy brief) being ftraneely fcatier'd up and „n the /£f/j/:)p/V(' and Ati.intic\ Oceans, do mightily differ in their Air iS^U, acccording to the various Climates they lie in \ and in none of 1 is any rtmarkuble Place, except only the Ifle ot Z-iotora^ in which J Town of the fame Name. As for the chict oblcrv iblcs relating to :;ir Inhabitants, [particularly their Manners^ Lingu.tgf, and Religton^] my fufficiendy learn the fame, only bvRamiDg th )fe feveral States Sovereigns on the Continent, to whom thefc ^flauds belong (they be- iaenerally peopl'd and portefs'd by fome of them). Their prcfeoc iicifors then [in (hort] are as folioweth ; Zocotora Comore — i's rem.irk- lae Iflands \St. Thomas — — •• The Princes Ifland Aniiobon — — St. Helena _~ Afcenfion Ifland, not inhabited. "^the Arahiam^ the Natives, the P'rtug^uerj:: the PortngucT^e. the Portuguese* the Efiglifh, .-.nd fo much for Africa and the African Iflands. Now folioweth. 1 !"' Jl«, ' ■ rji I: .^i' If ^ .' I . I- ' -iiM Bifhopyiil\'i Pi)rtugnc7', but more mI ^hty rroticif A a 4 CHAR I * 11 11 ■'ffff" ■f<' J V ^ o t o 1 ■19 '-^ H 111 m i Part II. 353 CHAP. IV. Of AMERICA. rt V 1*^ 1^ rs^ctico or ji5. spam— 15. ^cf. or (S?cina5n~- !<; mm o u Carta CanaUcnfis- '^ iCcrra atctica- rCerra jTi'tma Peru c Mexico, S, Fee, Coca* I I (1> Boftoti. Land of the StmajOniS OB?am u ^ is<; Cerra ^affenanica- Ccrta antatctica— iS". Fi?^ deBagota, Lima, S. Salvador, AJ[umption. To thefe add the American Iflands. Of all which in Order. Therefore, rt"r •!' MJ a'^ V-MA9k '•'I SECT. OJt Part M. II. SEC T. I. Concerning OdttitO or jOeto @)pa(lt* '^ \bccvvccii< t4 . < Idem > lidiciice ot On At J a ma — j ^ N, {^Audi'jiii CinaloA ' Gu^tdaU^^u com- j ^,^,,,,,,_ prebends tlie-^ GuaduUpra- ITcvinces ot i r^r.rm./^,.-. {^XalifcQ — -~ ^ ■ J 'g'i de Gnat ) \ ■' ""^1 n cn<: rllingu tj-irdin ivers n Tl .\fexic3 compre- hends the Pro- viQces 0^ Panuca MeyicO" MechoAchun- Los Angelas- Anteque^a — TitbJeo JuciXtan »u he Mif* \i fr m N.toSj f"S,Jiian Barbara- Id- .11- 6. 'iebajhan '.On tlic SeaC Comp')J}ella--'J frcHi N. toS & Idem— o ]>.^ N. W. up ^Cividud rtat ^ Sinii\ M<: /.^a!ii J nil a 1:8 an( ;:d wir lunie r juuthr Comm 'to;;, Sl dlaw J iv->.cn ii'c.'i cc i] com" ei.dcd 1 Trre :;c, Ho jar,;in-^ Keiv Spain 55 h Elf'] np HIS Country (difcovcred at lirfl hy J jhnOrijjhe, but X more exaftly view'd, and ac h\\ conquer'd by the Valiant y^jnclo CcrtcT^, Anno i$i8.) is bv-iundcd rn the Eaft by tl.e Gult oi V. ; on the Weft by AUre Jet Znr ; on the N jrth by A'.tm Granada, :n the South by Terra firma, it is icrm'd by the Jtaliim, Spagna I'U'^ by the Spaniards, Kun'O. Ejpana ■, by th.e h'rench, SmveLt ^tr^ by the Gfr/wrfMj-, A>m Spjtven ; nnd bv the EngHfh, Mcxici or SpJ'"^ taird Mexico from the chiei'Cicy thereof- and AVn? .V/'z/n, [•ftinguilh it from the Kingdom ol Spuin in Europe. Iir.] Norwithftanding this Cuiurrv (for the moft part) Heth within W^rrid Zone, yet the Air is veiy tcmfer.ue, and generally reclcon'd Jjirdinary wholfumt to breailicin, brin", quaiined with rctrcfhing (ivers in the hottelt Month, and cold Ercezcs from the Sea all the The cppofjte Place of the Globe to Nnr Spain, is part of the jjjndia Ocean, lying between Round 117 Degrees of Longicudc,^ 18 and yj ue^recsot South Latitude. Sioil.l T!iis Courrry fying in the 5'^ and 4*'' N')rth Climate) is :d w:rh 3 very ferile 6'-)//, producing; many forts of Gm/o, as Wheat, L'v. Pulfc, ana Maize, (everal kinds ci i'ruiti\ as Pom^ranatcf, L."s. jmons. Citrons, M.ilicjtons, Clicrics, fears, Apples, bis:?, H-[\i...5-, and ^jreat plenty of Herbs, Plant% And Koors. Here alio lloine rich Nines of G«:.ld and Silver, and ^afl and fpicic^us I'lains, (rJingtiie bcllot Pafiurage. The lon>f,tit f>j; in the Northmofl Tart iriis Counrry, is about i-j Hours and tiuee quarter*; the (horteft ia [jouchmoft 12 a'ldan half ^ and the N;[;iifs proptfrtiouably. IfommoiiJtiCS.] The chief roww^V/7/V>ol ihis Country, are Wocl', pi, Sui.ai, Silk, Cocheiieei, Heather?, ILiuv, lialm, Amber, Salt, pa'. Hides, "iub.icco, Ginger, and divers Medkinal Dru^s. Parities. J About three Lear^ues from O/uv-rr./, is the Stump of Icilow i ree. (cali'd TLioChiXJ^uJ w.'iich was o( a prodi^;ious big- uhcn int''-,% bein^^, t^cil reckun'd fixtccn bathonib m compals near 1V."C, and l'..mewhathi;^rier, twelve. Cclore iwas Thunder-flruck^ cccaiion'd the tioll i.vrcis) no fewer t!:an a thouland Men ['tis ■' couid con^'er.icntiy iiielter tlicmieives from Rain, under its wide [ei.dcd Hjij^Hi. (2.) in fevcrji parts ot r'ns Counrry tir.iws a cer- Free (caii'd Ma^u^) } which may be laid to \;cld Water. Oil, |;;c, Hone;, and Vine{;ar. Kor the I>x'" . I the free b.:inj^ big and '^v , c r.rauT: a goc d quantity of l.iciuar as limpid 4S the bell dar^in-warer, and ilie S.:rtacc thcrcoi is c vcrd with a pure Oily i-iunav Tl.is L'"/.rjr beJ.ip, a htde bjil'd, t.il*i;s like a good pa- V\ ■V ; ■■■t\\ I''"* 556 Vew Spam. p^^j Jatable wines If iriuchboil'd if s extremely fweet,and if long kcirr boird) no Vinegar is fowrer. (^.) In the Audience oiOuatimAlt fevcral remarkable ^«/c4no's, parcicularly that near . Rfa-Lc]-) towers up like a Sugar-Loaf to a great height, and always Imr/Kcs.l alfo the burning Mountain of Leor^ Well ot the Lake Nicer, '^uu, I frequently evacuares l^ire as well as Smoak. (4.) Nigh to (JifatulA the Weftcrn Coafl is a great hollow Rock, (call'd by the Sp^/i/./c'] f dove J whichhavinj^a large Hole in its top, makes a hideous Noi every Sur-^^e of the Sea, and fpouts up Water fas a Whale) to a p] g,ious height. In f^me parts of this Cjuntry, are feveral Spring W.iter, fo impregnartd with certain Minerjis, the Cujient if from them is of fodarkifb a Colour, that it refembles a Stream of! (6.) Remarkable is the Lake of Akxtcf) ioi feveral Particulars: As| Its hiiving two forts of Water, vir. FrefJiind Suit, Secondi)^ Thj Frcfli is ufually Calm, and aboundeth with Fifties ; whereas the SJ for the moft parr, Boifterous, and breedcth none. Thirdly^ m middle of this Lakeia a pleafaut Rock, out of which doth ilTueacI tferabfe Stream of hoc Water, much eiteem'd of for fcvera! Dinenij JLaJfly^ Upon this Lake are feveral delightful artificial Gardens, Hockt with variety of Herbs and blowers, and moveable from one i to another, being fupported by large Floats of Timber. I iJ. J. A his Natural and Moral H'ljhry of the Indies. 31tcl)bifli01?nc^.] Here is one Spatu(h Arcbbifliiprkl^y t/^. Tlia Ji^exico, 2il?ifl)opucU0*] SpMyjl) Bifl:^pr:cl:^s^ erefled here, are thefeoi Chiapa^ Hondnraf^ I era pa::^ Vuebb df los AngeloSj St. J ago de hs Cavull Leon in Nkurj^ud^ Antcquera. Mer'Jay jyicchoaca^ Okaxaca^ GiudaLij.ira^ ^ilmtjcrflticc 1 iJi^nimcrc,] The Natives of rliis Country, are now eflccm'd a Tci very Civil and D;)rile, and extraordinary baichlul co thole they ! Some of 'cm arc Id wonderfuliy iugeiii>us, cfpecially in PaintiH!;, making m >fl lively Pioiurcs wifh various colour'd feathers ot tain litilc Birds c.ili'd Cwcona. O hers arc laid ti» play incomp.ir^ well upon divers Mufic.il Infliuiricnt«^. In fliort, the gencrility nl Tcople is lo civili/.'(i, tl,at they live alter the nunnerot the Si^ma favca lew, comm-mly rcliduij; intiic Mountains, who coruiriuc as^li jnd Savage as ever. Tlic Spmards horc reiidjni^ arc much the !J with ciiolc la 5/.(.'«. 't II. Keiv ^~ Spain. 57 ^;i5Ua;^C.] The prevailing Language m this Country, \b the Spa- \[ being not only if« I'le amon'», the Spanu^rJs^ but alio the Natives |ic!veb, '.no generally unnerOaiid and fpcak the fame. 1 he various [ftsol their ancient Jargon do daily dccrtale, and in a lew Genera- ■ ivill be quite extinguiflid. fflllcrmucUtO Tlii? large and pleaDnt Country, was of old fuhjeft .rid rill'"' hv itb ;uvt, Suv^-ici;:,.' I'r'ncf;^, call'a Kings oi Mexico^ lid contii u(.l (according to probable Cnnje^uTs) a mighty and ■■iii^ M"n.!icn V f'^r r':'vt.,'-rtl Ages, before iwas in ^ 'd d by Spaniards : %'\\>. tL.;lv cv 'u ucrd by them with only a handful of Men, Anna \. ;;u^; T ih*; v.iliv,v Ferdin.wn: Ccitez^y it hath ever fince remained ttcuthe Crc/v..i r,\ Sytir^ h. ing govcrn'd by a P'ice-Roy commonly jinga'' yvf(.'v»f3, nhd t.. inn* is iarruilcd th^ overfight of the G^ver- Icfrhe various Prcvince^ belonging to hisCatholick Majefly in North LoO Bcltgion. 1 Tlie Inhabitants of rhis Country arc partly Chrifiian^ [y ^'agun^ and (as 'twere) a mixture ot the two. The Spaniards arc iPapilts, .'vo r..:in^ to the A:i^i l^rotcffion ut Popery in their own IKry. Of ■ Native*;, mr* do llilJ retain their HeatheniQl Wor- jnd indceo i.iuliicudes arcconvrted roCliriflianitv, according to iJjrtri'-e of t'lc Church o{ Rrmc ; but (by our laccft Accounts) re hardly pcrfuadcd as yet of chc Truth of thoJe Doftrincs taught Vl-*' H'MlM '1™ *' .. 111! t w ■Si! • ■'.,'." ,8 'it SECT. ^58 Part S h C T. 11. Concerning BclU ^ZKiCO or B05jil «SfaitntS.1. I This Country '^^ of no ccrc;iin Extent nor Divifion, its cliirf To\^ S. Fee or Sew Mexico^ upon the Bivcr h'in-th. H^amc] TpHlS Country (difcovcr'd by the Span'hir.'{<^ /^nr i 1 and bounded on the EaO by f'/or /./.;• oiithcWr part of C.i!ifirni:t ; on the North by Zi-Tv^ A\^lka\ ;ind on the SojrJ Mex'uo or Sex(> Spn'm) istemi'd by the Itdl'hws^ Grun.idiiSnvilA the Sj^afuarc/sy Sucv,iG^an.:d,i-^ by the I'rcmh^ N melle (iravid.i^hA (jenmrs^ NrifGy.in.id.t^ and (n the Eu^!i(l.\ A'^-w /Vftwao or Sovui nad^. It Ajs cal!'d Mcxic\ after the Empire of thjc Name, dekrihl the f"orc.:;0:n^ SVrtiori ; :\m\ the Epicnet Kun.i (or KewJ uasaddd the S\ui'Lirds, to diftinguifli it Irom the laid t'mpire, its OilcovcrJ in.^ poflerior to tharol Mexico. The Title of KovaGrainda, \vn| given it by the Spanlirds^ and chat trom a Province of the lame in their own Country. ♦Sitr.l The A:r of this Cnuntrv r.ircordin^ to the Climate) isal of Lacir. mi ■^ "N lengrh from W. to E. ^ / bout 1000 Miles. ^tj f Breadth from N. toS. .£ J bcut 5oo Mi!es. The large Country of Florida bein^ of no certain Divifirjn?, m CCoc'rf and Fruit. It'salfo well ilor'd with Vcnifon and lo • " •, cnrich'd aJ confiderable Mints oi G-^ld and ^ib-er. efpC' ial'y ciuic cf O.t palachine Mountains, and here f!-ey lifh vafl numbt'rs of valuab'c \\.\ The lon^cft Day in the Northmolt Part of thib Courrry, iSa'Douc Hours and a quarter ; die fliuriefl in the 5oi!t!inv)fi, is ^j Hours; nhc Nights pr)portiouab!\. CoimnotJittcS.] This Country being noncicrly known i i the laud l*art&, aiid even thoic next the .u-a , bi.: htcle frttjucpr't^ 2 SrrinJ Florida. 561 1 W. to E. Miles. \m N. to S. Miles. Irjn?, irs Win Cakt, ringers, its Commodities are very few, yet very coftly, ^r^. Gold, rcr, Pearls, and Furs. lilarittcs.] In thefe Parts of Florida, grows a certain Tree, about the . efs of an ordinary Apple-Tree, the Juice of vvhofc Fruity the Na- ^« 5 ufe to fqueeze out, and therewith anoint their Arrows, being a Wfcrt of Poifon. If there be no Fruir, then they break off a Branch, tout of it do prefs a milky Subftance, equally poifonous with the \:t of the Fruir. So ftrong a Poifon is this Tree, that if a few hand- Lof it; Leaves are bruifed and thrown into a large Pond of Standing- liter, all forts of Beafts that happen to come and drink thereof, do Jdenly fwcll and buril afunder. Furchas his Pilgrims, Part 4. Lib. 8, ?.i. .Tn B.:h.imay (an Ifland near C. Florida J is the famous Bahama [;fr, the bi^:geft oi all the Species, being two Inches long, and defer- jv term'd rhuLwgium Maximum Jndicum, He luth nx Eyes, and thofc :' bi^ ai the fmalicfi Pin's Head. Some o{ thefe remarkable Infcits [:o be leen in the publick Mufmm of GreJJum-Colkge^ London, by J^>hn lh't Torli '^' 5 Eafl N.Jerley, ^ c ^ Penfilvama Af,ir){and— yirgifva — ^Carolina — VVefl O Qkibeck- S. Fort Roy al-^ Bojlon Idem Eli7:^abtth — Elfwgburgb- P hi lade I phi a Baltimore ~ James Toix'n ^Charles Tow>n_ '> IfHl 1 m ptlv tnf, Fc lere rcf tver, I com >' From *^^ toS. T ERR A Canadetifis (fo call'd from the River Canada J bei J, vaft Complex Body, confidin^:*, of fevcral large and confidcil Countries, and particularly tliofe in which the Englif- Nation isrh] concern'd ; we lliall diHin^Uy confidcr iis various Divifion (efpcd thofe of the Englijh Kiiipiic) and thai in the fame Order laid dov tiie foregoing Table. Tlurcfore, §. I. Ivv jlonv, fctary ( I'naeioi if rlie ( |tf Acca^ Bur !c I'ttic kn! p-Iy cc k iorc^ Terra Canaclenjis. 365 §. I. Terra Canadeyijis propria, ^ -p H I S Country being the Nnrthmoft of all the rtfl, is efteem'd f none of the be ft. But being fo flenderly known as yec, we pafs :,uo §. 2. Nova Britannia* 1 E. to \v. i| a. » Miles. I 1s\\\q^ '?**\\ r ^ ^ ^ '^ Country is likcways of a very ordinary Soi\ bv wLac VV ^ve find, r.iid almoO as c)iin!y inhabii-ed and littK- ' fuu.nccd al:e former. We fiull therefore make no ftay therein, but yio- id to VaniidA. §. ?. A^ova Francia. vFrom :^, Jt* H \ S Country is reckon'd to be much colder than mofl others u\ tho { S. 11 fame LatiruHc-, however 'tis faid to be blefs'd with a SoH abun- [/- r ) — hia > ___ fintj'v bruittul ^ and is chiefly furnifht with Stags, Eeajs, Hares, Mar- , Fo>es5 Conic s, and great f^ore of Fifh and FleQi. The Irench fere rcfiding, (about fix thoufuud in Number) do commonly trade ini ever, Moufe Skins, a^id Furs. This being all that's remarkable of ir^ ;£ continue our '«"'rogrers to the next DivifioD, f/^. * toS. w HI^ § 4. Nova Scotia, H Country (firfi difcover'd by Sebaflian Cabot, at the "Canada J beiij and confidcij Nation is rhi vifion (efpccj dcr laid dowf §. I.' . , Charj^e of //t ,';n tlic Seventh) was cnce inhabited by a Scotch Jonv, fent jver .^nno 1622. by Sir H'tHiam Alexander [then Lord Se^ pary of Scjt!u?}d'] to w'.om King James by Letters latent made a pation thereof^ but tliac Colony failing, the frencb became Maflcrs Jf the Country, and fetlcd iljemfelves therein, calling it by the Name |tf Accadie. Bur leaving thcfe Northern I^arts of Terra Canadenfn^ as Countries itl. known, and of Icfs Note unto us : Proceed we to that which more ply concv rn- uj, i/r. u peculiar view of the various Parts of the W't'- hn ^.ti^'ijl Empire; ai'd that according to their Order, asiheylieiti tijre^oiu^ Table. The firft whereof is Bb 2 il'H", If ;f" §. 5; A'civ f 3^4 Terra Canadenfts. Part If Hi I §. 5'. "New England, 0ame.]*TpHlS Country, difcover'd firft by the Ew^/t/J;, under th| I. Conduft of the twoCttbots^ Amn 1497. and aFterwardi t| ken PolTerrion of for Queen Eli :(a''etb by Sir Fhilip Am-idas, Anno 1 5^3 | Bounded on the Eafl by part of the main Ocean ^ on rhe Well b\ fomj of Terra Ar^rca., on the North by Accadieoi t^ovx Scotia ^ and Vn thi South by AVw Tbr^:. It is term'd by the Italians, highilterrd Komil by the Spanitrds, Nuevu Inglaterra ^ by tfie french, NrArjellc Anglcterrei by the Oerwans^ Nen EDgeland-^ and by rhe Englif}, New England-^ call'd by the Difcoverers, after the Name of their own Country. t %iV*^ Notvvithftanding tliis Country is of a Situation confiderah!! more Southern than Old Ev^Jand, yet tlic Ah oi boh is rr.uch the lama, the Heat thereof being al'ay'd by cjoling Breezes, which frequentlfl happen. The oppofite Place of the GI ;be to Sew England, is that pj||j of the vi{i At lantichOctan^ ^yi^S between 120 and 150 Degrees longitude, with 41 and 45 Degrees of South Latitude. ^oii.] The 5*0/7 of this Country is in mofl Parts very fertil, prodi cing in great Plenty moft forts of Englij}} Grain, Fruits, and Roots, b^ fides Indian Corn. It's very well ftockt with Fi(h and Fowl, as alfo vari ty of tame and wild Beafts. In flinrr, '• s not only furnifht withcl^ NecelTaries, but likeways many of the Cci.. forts of Humane Life; an the Colony (now upward of an hundred Thoufand ) doth flourirndrilj more and more. The length of the Days and Nights in Sew Ergl.in\ ts much the fame as in the Northern Provinces of Spain, they boch !j tng under the fame Parallels of Latitude. {[his < CcmmoT)itiC0.] The chief Commodities of this Country, are Fiill Grain, Marts f )r Ships, Deal-boards, Iron, Tar, Bever, Moufc-Skioj Furs, ifyc. And 'tis o!)lerval)!e of thofe in Se!■ 'lii I' K^' If ■Mr ir n I ,t I , M ' mi A lib 4 ^anucts.] 368 Terra Canadenfis. ^anttet0.] The Natives of this Counny fefpf rially thofe cf u 7/?«Wj are, by mortal Difeafes and frequent Wars among themfeli reduc'd to a fmall Number. Some ot cm are now fcrviceable to Englifh ; and the reft fpend theii time commonly in Hunting, Fowii] and hifhinj^ -, efpccially the Men, who remove from place to pljct leave their Wives f ^r tillin;^ the Ground, and planting the Corn. Th'c\ much ^ivcu of late to Drinking, and frequently intoxicate themldl with ftrong European Liquors. Jlanguase.] The Inhabitants of this Country bein,^ ^fgli(J>, m few Dutch, do ufe the L,wf,uages pecuh'a: to their refpcilive Ccutitri The Natives fpeak a veiy unpicafant Dialcft of the Indi^^n Tongue. (SotJemment.] Tlie Natives cf this Country are r.^vern'd by thl peculiar S.icbems^ who arc faid to advife with their chief Counccll/ in Matters rf Imporrance, but ftill to pronounce the definitive S-nrec rhemfclves, which their l^eopie commonly receive with ^rtd'c iL plaufe. The EtiglifJ? here rcfidinr,, are fubjoft unto, and ruld by thl own Governor, authoriz'd and fcut over by his MajcQy ths: King Great Britain. IRcltgtottvl '^^^ Englifl} here rcfidin^;, are rr.dch the fame in pij of Rclifjon with th*»(e here in tv^LmJ : But the N.itivcsareftill in t) Dark, and addifted to the blawtteft Idolatry, the generality of 'em biif faid to vvorOiip the Devil, under the N?me of 7>/onef/o, towhomthj frequently addrefs rhcmltlves, wuh a kip.i of Mai;ical Rites, and rh< Pricfts (call'd Fuwaws) do ad as fo ir/^ny Conjurers. ^. 7. New Jerfey, f^amc] ^I^UIS Country (difcover'd hy nhc Englijl)^ under chc .1 durt of the iVidCahots^ Anno 1497. lately divided in| E^y? and Wefi Jeriey, and Bounded on the Eart by part of the mi Ocean ; on the Well by fome of Terra Jr^ica\ on the North by M Tork \ and on the South by Per^filvaniaJ is tcrm'd by the I( Huns, Jt feia Nouella-y by the S pant aids, Nuevojerfey., by the Frctich, A'jtttl Jcre[ey\ by the Germanfy Nsujajeti-^ and by the Englijh^ Sewjvu fo cjIPd fr^m :he Ifland Jerfey in the Briti/l? Channel -, but w ly rerm'd is fomcwhat dubious. aiir.1 Terra (^anadenfis. 369 lit,'] The Air of this C-untry iseOeemM abundantly healthful to ;jthc in, and agreeable enouj^Ii to EngUp) Conflituiirns, as fufficiently learstVom the long Kxperience ol many iManters. The oppDfKe Place ;.ie Globe to AVw> Jerjey, is thac part of die vafl Indian Ocean^ lying fween 120 and 150 Degrees of Longitude, with 39 and 41 Degrees jouihera Latitude. gioil.] The Soil is not every where the fame, being in fome Parts jaordinary good, a :.d in others very indifferent. But 'tis generally :'cv'd ro prove much betrer after the felling of the Timber, and ;inn^ the Ground, in which the Colony begins now to make a good jirels. The length of the Diys and Nights in this Country, is the seas in the South of Ual)^ they both lying under the fame Parallels [atiiude. CommotJiticcJ The chief Commodities exported hence for Eng^ •i. are WhaleOil, Whale bins, Bever, Monkey, Rattoon, and Ma«r- r>kins : As alfo Beef, Pork, Corn, Butter, a.ici Cheefe to the Adja- :[ Uljnds. iSantieo.") As the principal Obfervables of New Jerfey, wc may %o"- Ibme rare Plants growing in divers pans of that Country, and iy found by the curious Bitanij}^ it only at the pains co make a fcarch iop^rti:)nableto his Cunoiity. Here alfo is rhat huge Creature call'd kyhoji'^ of whole Skin they make excellent Buft. l$l-cbblfl)OlJ?iLCb0, t^c] Arcbbijhpricks , Bijlnprulis, Vniierfities^ DC. p9anncr0.] The Native? of thisCounr.y ^'fewrr in Number than in lltof the adjacent Colonics) are generally rcck^n'd a very (impleand innocent fort of People, and many ot cm are now become very fcrvi- bleto the Plan rcrf.. T!ie /^n^'//^> here rciidmg, arc much ihc fame \Munners with thole in England. Ilfluguiijc,] All rl";c can be faid of the Language of the Natives of Country, is, in ge^^r.-l, that 'us one of the many different Dialcdti t Indian Tongue, 11 Ac ot the Plantation retain and ule their owa n^uage. • potcuim^nt.j Thi* Covrntry being divided into a certain number of »^Jor Proprieties-^ out of cuch i^yopyisty is annually chofcn a hrec- ^;!er by the Inhabitanrs thereof, 1 hefc Kreelioldcrs meet at a cer- taia M 'X: t Tt^rra Canadenjis, tain riincot t' c Vc^r, as a general Aillmblv, rr cr'.mpleac Reprclei tivc Bcdv of tlic- vviiole Cr lony : in due AiTcnthly, (rogerher wich , Govern r, orliis Drputv) is Jod-'d the Lp'fli.ive Power, in makil or rcpeil rj, <-f laws rclarir;; to the wlv.;lc I'rcvirjcc \ but \\v\ u| this Hcrtri/tion, th:c they iiO \v.:ys infringe rhac Liberty ot Co.ilcien< at tirll ellablilll'd \ zixdi thir by an iiTf^vrcable fundjmcnral Cjnl tu'i -n , never to b-? -i e-'ci by any fubfcqucnt Law what! ever \ Tax or 5ub::d;, , Harts .r Scrvirco , are to be imposd up n tl People, but by and vvitb i\\^ C /iill'iic of thsir Rtprcfcniatives in t[ Aircmbly. lilclmiou, I Tiic E;;^//'//-' ber:.* rrHdin^^, ;» re of different rerfu-irKPsj PoiiKot isd'i^v.n^ thvpr bcfi;^ a Liberty ot Confcicncc aJlo^v'd ro a ll the Cole;"! y. Bi'C the pior Njrivcs (to our great Shamcf) ate fiill gJ pin2 in tl.e T\'/i!ighc ot I'aganilin. I ^ 'o. Tcnfih:a::ia. Jl^amc/] ""T^HrS Country r«;ir''ovcr'd at t!ie fime time with t .1 r^^^ o^ ^Ite aciiacent Continent, and bounded on t Fart bv p.irr oirlie main Ocean j on the Wert by Lome ot taY,i A^'Wi on the North bv Hexv'Jcfky -^ and on the South by Mir)l.u\d) is tcrni by I'^f i''i'ih^\ rcnfilvanit! ^ by zhefjernhins^ l\'r,filvanien ^ by the ItAliA .V/'.:«/u><''', ao'-^ Engl]jhyr:i)fU\:,inli \ to ciii'd iiovwWiU'.^m I'^im^u whom King 0\iyIcs II. made lirrt Proprietjr thereof by Lctrcrs l'a:ei Anm ir8o. %\x, ^ T';c A'lv of this Cnunrry i' generally ^jantcd to i-lear and f'.vr!.r , the Tieavens \yc\\\^ reidoin overcafi with Cijiij Tile length ui the Days and NI^Ikj, is much tiic fume here as in A'^ £ot(.l Tie .S'v/of tliii C'juntry is rokrab!v g''^nd in m.iny Par h\\\ Ml ioii',0 Place:- exncamly baiTcn. The opp (ire Place ol the GIol {) l':'tu'.ii:in'n, !!> -hat port ot tUq Hji.hlnJij ().:ean, lyinp, ber.veon i and i::'') L"?;^!(.ib of Loni^iiude, with 40 and 45Ucgreesof >.uai liriuic. (rciUsiiuBUiCC. ; T K'vc being no confidtr.bic Trade as yei fett'l r\ '..\t;.ii th'j ^nd borc'.gT C'.'untiies ; t le cliiet (:vnm\i\tki hv.herroi pcr:^ Part ic Reprclcr Jthcr wiih ■r, in nukil l)iit ll:i| uj ^t Co.ilcienl 'onral L mi itl ever 'J^d up n c| tivcs in t[ :rll. Ti^rra CdyiaJenJis, 571 j, jre mjftly Horfes and Pipe-Stave?, commonly lent to the Illand Saritiec.] In fcvcnl pjrts a{ Fcnfilv^nLty are Sprinp.s of good Mf- .; W Iters, pa-ricularlv tiiole .ib ur two Miles trom Philaddljhia, ■\ t r Operation, are accounted much the lame with our Purging . : at BAinet. n .'( rerruafions) O'^v'ci to all] ate ftill ^i ime with tj iindcd on t| ferrj Arli ndj is (crr the lul'uii m /'lv;/?, tl ctrcrs P4;ei Sunncvc* ] The Narivcs of this Ccuntry bc'n^ Pcrfons of tall Bo- '. ,ind f.viirth.y CompIeKiors^ arc generally reckon d m)rc mild and •!; inc!in'd, than moil ccht^rs ot t!ic Jnc('h:n Naiions. The U.umpeans I'ffcfiding, bcinr; moftly Etjjijl\ witli a few Duuh and Srvedes^ are che U'^'2 with cholc in Europe. liiijuagc] The I.m^.v.T^f oi- the Natives, being a Dialeftof tl;? ^^ Tongue, is faid to be very lottv, Iweet, and cmphatick, in rcfpt^t [wny others in thcfe Parts of th.c World ; as alio very ealK^ no be ac- red by Strangers. The Eur'.pe.^us here refjding, retain the refpedtivf l-ujgcs of their own Country. ^obcinmcti .1 This Countrv being L'ramed 'as aforefiid) ro WiU'ritft k by hii MajJly King Chairs II. f'lc Pubiick Atfairs thereof are bd by ft'veral Court« of jiiftirc, tiierc eliabiilh d under liim as biecor, who (or his Deputy} rules ^hc lame in Subordination to ^ Kot Gieat Brit Mil, 4 ;':il; .ite ere as in Ai trcl ,in:cd ro bef with c!ju(Mkcli3ion. ' Ti.e Bugl'ifl: iicrc refiding, arc rf il'-tfacnt '^Lfh m6 Vci 1011b , but I'.nthi'fu'im chiefly prevail?, tiiis Country being ftockii .i^uai-rrs by thcr Govern >ur, ^ViHi.irn raw. Ihe Nauvcb arc Uva* JVC a i^rcrt) clear N:>ii.)n of a Sapieme lAin/,, tlic Immortality of Tui, and a l^ururc State. Their Worfnip chicHy couiilis in 84crif'. • ,!iid S.n)^> II many Par oi the Glo' be I ween i of S ,uch intcrmis'd with Dancing. as vei fort' 'J hv.hcrrcx per f. ^. 9. Mary Lan.l, rfllS ('.uniry ;dif^ )vcr'd by \l\i. Pr^lijl , under liicCrn.. {\uf\ vi th'.' two dbots^ Anm i^oi. and bounded on i!u; • part ot the iiuin OinAi^ ; .n tiie "Aefl by lorre of hrra Artl'i- itlie N'nrrhbv /'t7i/.'/r.H;/7- and en tlrSourh by Virj^lnltJ i? term'd " liHh'ivs^ Miryl.vh{'>t \ b\ rlic Sfitjiiidsy Turru < e M.iu.t j by the 572 Terra Canadenjls. frer.ch^ Terre du Mark-^ by the Gerwans, MufienL^pi -^ and by the ^///Z>, Ataryland -^ fo call'd ac lal\ m Honc>ur ot Queen -V./rv, WifJ King Charles I. who ^ave it by Lctrer Parcnr, under rbai Name tc Right Honourable Cdcilws Cahcrty Lord ^ultimore^ Anno i C^2. 1tit«3The ^Ir of this Country is much more heal'hful now, and agreeing to £>/^//y7j Conftiruticns ihan forntK rlv, wh i the Wood -^^ entire: And the better ic flilJ frow?, the prciter Prop^rtls tliev mai fcMing the Timber. The oppaficc phceot the Ghhc. to Mar)- 1 am that part of the Eujl-Jndian Ocean, 1; irif? bcrvvccn 120 and 1 30 Dq of Longitude, with 57 and 40 Ucgrecs of Sjutli Latitude 5>0ll.3 The 50// of this Ounrry is generally rrckonM vav fcrtil rich, producing in great Plenty the famr things with S^ewftl. Length of the Days and Ni^Jitb in M.iry-LwJ^ is much the fame a^ iii| Southern Provinces of 6'/'».'7;j, they both Jving under the Lmc Para of Latitude. CoiUinoDlties.^ '^^^^ chief Cfjmwidiiks of this Cot" -v, jre bacco, Hemp, tUx, Wood, Hops, Rare Seed, Madder, btJis, Skins, ^c. I iftarittCG.l Of ffvcra! rare Cruff. tee ih*- At'nul.i found in tliisCc try, That call'd the 5/^rioe or Siiticji'i:, is incti oblcrvable, and that ticuIarJy for the admirable Coiirnvance of his Eyes. For they b^ plac'd under the covert of a thick Shell, Nature (whofc Operation \vond,erful in every thing) hath lo erdcr'd, that thole Parts abovel Eyes arc fo trsnfparcnr, as to eonvcy a competency of LiH,ht, whcrj the (otherwife benij^lired) Animal Cun cleariv fee its way. bor K ral Other remarkable Creatures, v. uh a Catalogue of rare Piants iii r)'lanJy Vid. Fhilof. Tranf. N. 245. None. ;^anncr0,] The Natives of this Country T^^onftdercd in themj are generally nckon'd the fame with thole ol Kew Tcil>^ or the ncaj to them in iheirTemper and Cuff ms cf any other (>f the American 'tions \%h;Klocvt'r. iiie Eti^lijh hcic refidin^^, are much the fjni:' \K ii\ok in Ei^Liifd, 3Laugua3C.] The I^r^iv^f of the Native? in ilis C'^untry, is ro con hit c-f uivers Idicmj, vcrv different trom one anouier , and n 0^ 'cfn either lo plcalaac to the tar, or fo calie ro be ncquir-jj Scran^l Terra Cantichnfis. 373 infers, as thofe in Pcnfiivan'u. The Er^lifj here rcfiding, ufe their :UDguage. 'fOternmcnt."] The Righc Honourable Crff/7/;/^ Culvert, Lord Balti- his Heirs and AffignSj being by Letters Patent [Anm i6^2.']cm-^ rds and I'roprietors of Miryl.md ^ e>:cepcing the Sovereign Do- ;:[i and Allegianr:, with a fifth part of the Gold and Silver Ore re* d to hisMa'Mty. The Qoxernment of the Colony by their Lord- :i Care and Frui-'encc, is fo model'd, tl'at we may reckon it a Dimi- pcof thacot EngLinii. For tlie Supreme Ciurt (cnll'd a General Af* ■;)J rclemblef, in lome meafure, our fir^Z/pParHament , being di- '(iinto an 'L'/ij-aand Loner f/infe. The upperconfifls of the Governor ill, with his Council, and luch Lords of Manners, and others, as his |;iliip or Lieutenant ihall by Writ call thither. The Lower is made j.! Delegates elcfted and lent up by each County of the whole Pianta- rhis Alfembly is ccnvcn'd, proiogu'd, or diiVolv'd at pleafurc, |isLordl>iip or Lii.utenant; and whatever is agreed upon, and ena- by borh Houlcs, and aiVented unto by his Lord (hip, hath the lion of a Law, and can't be rcpealV? but by the fame Authority. bo this Lcgillative Alfjmbly, is the Provincial Court, generally fac St. Mar)\^ to which Apj^cals arc made from all Inferior Courts f.c whole Province. jrinfltj kligion.] The En^lijJj here reiuling, are of various Perfuafions in bol /if/z^/'^n, there bcini> a tolcfaiioii cn;jiM'd tor all .Sith of Chri- pity. The Native^ know notliinj-:; ae^ yet cf the trie God, frtvc what oblturcly Ice byiiic ^^limpdn^ Li^^hc oiNarure. i 1 o. Virginia, IH, 1 '\ !m V4 '** IN' ;,v. '^i p. 1 \m 1 tinc.j "Tp H IS Countrv (difcovci'd fiift by ScbaTr.in Cil-^t^ Am9 X M97- bu*- af;Ci-wards m re pcritilly by Sir ^l'.^//.'.••/i.nr- :. Am' » '^2.\ wi'jcn .^'('to-k ;olie!Ticn thererf in Qrccn t.li7!.tktb's ':i) is b.'U'.uicd on th." r.';.fl by p.irc of the m.iii] Occi.i , en the ]'■:)■ }• ri'.r ')t Ti!yra />t7/f.i^ on tiie N )rth by MaryLvJ., and on the ribyC.j'Y' .'•./. It is :em"db\ zh'^t'rcnchj'ii^'r^ie -., !)y liie Gcviruvis^ \fin ^ by '•he 'rAliatis. S;\tri ..ir iU\ .ml Lr^li(f\ Virp^auu • f*^ cnll'd sncar or 'V.-iuufti/T./^tV/;, t.'i.u Mabuiinc vijjiu Queen, of happy KOry, 2rir.] :1 i- 374 Tdrra Canadenfis. Parti u %\xr\ The /4;> of this Counrry, ar, to Hcur ;jnd Cold, Drynef^ Moiflure, is variable according to th.c Winds- thole troni tlif^ N rrhj North-Weft bein^ univerHilly cold and picrcirgi '"'r th fc ir mj South and Souch-Eaii, do c-'mmonly brin^ alor.j> with t'.tm ;, re ir in the Summer, which is frequently fucceeded in Septettibcr h\ \>, fuch quantity, that it harh fcvcral tiir.es occafi ;n'd an Kpidtmiidj nefs among the rcop'e. The oppodre Place ot the Globe to J - is that part of the EaiJ-IrJhtn Ocean, ly in,', between 120 and ipl grccs of Longitude, with 53 and 40 Dcgrtcsof Sjurh Laiitude. ^Oil.] The5o?7of this Countrv, ftrangcly intermiyt (with ava^lj bcrof Oylter-Shells) is generally Sandy, yet abundanly tern! in G where cmpk'Y'd chat w.iy. I: affcrdeth a'fo nv.A\ fores <.f R.ic;, defirable bruits, witii Piiyfical Plants and Herbs in ;.ucat plen-v ■ [)u hove all, it produ^x-Lii a v/ondctful quantiry of Tobacci), that bcwircl Weed fo accounted of ail the World over. The len^'jii of the Ur ; Nights in l^irgin'i.i^ is the fame as in the Soutlurn Provinces ot 1 they bothlying under the lame Parallels of Lacuude. Commodities.] The chief rom/;?ci/r/>j- of thi* Ccuntry, in the Natives tratfick wuli tho Evg!'ijl\ are S'Kins ot" Drcr, Lcvci, j.^ ther wild CcaHs ^ for which the Lv^hjh rtiurn them Gim^, i' » Shot, Iron-Tools, Drand>, ^t". bur the chief thii'g cyp>rc<;d lui.i England, is Tobacco, ther^ beinf', above an hundied and tiUv Nr Ships commonly that load therewith every Year. IRarittecO Such is the prr.dii^iou^ s mul'iinide 0\tkT-Sh. PL f l\ hfh •;cn( \m\ liai rev ^' IdU ■;c(]!= [:ds tree \:k \ tdi kka^ 3thei |r( as jeheni jelp oi pd c :vn l.a mixt vvith the Earth in V'lrgwviA^ that in func place:. thw\'re t. and or four Y'ardsdcep in the Gr 'und , where- Ivinu cl-fo t.^^''tf:ei :hc f^iid to petrify, and Teem to mike a Vetn ot fuc.'i a Ucck. Luc w cl ^^y, the parts of that Hock, are really the Slielis of OyOcr-., there IdiJ ^i the Sea, (which Ibmc fupp(;fe to have over llow'd tliis Tra^t o) 1 a l..(pUe\- jui Generis, fuh Judkc lis ejl. (l.) In fome hticianiks d ^^rtiVul arc f')und Teeth, (about two or three Inclica lonj:, j'.ul i.nc btt^av!' pos'd to be thole ol l-ifliuCij and in other part;, are ihi^iip ihc ho Whales feveral Yards deep, and that many Lcaj^vi^; t^.m '^ca. (' .;. tlie Uivcr Fatutnak '' ^ ^'^^ ^^ Alumin.ms K.!rJh, of ^m Alii ^ very foftand Ii^ht, anil ot an acid afhinj^cr.t 'faHf almoi'l hi^c . Atlum. (4.) In mmy la ts of this (Joiintrv ivtound ac«:rt*in !.• lur( can itivn.ii out i!:e vSl n ot Squirrel, wlio, iit hii. \)k^ Thighs and Le^',s about an Inch in brtJiith (alnv.it like tiu. vVi,,. Ear)* by the lielpoi which, lie leap- firrher, and j!t^hf^ 1 lote liian the oidi.ury loir, and*, rh- fl'.>rc ralld H:e i '•';- "^ juird. m, a rtirul \i\ci\\' it k jL'nril, ft tor f c\ re r Nicari b'(rnr pr( i\ pdi/v 1 tStm irc 'r C'ciiritrv, in Terra Canaddiifis. V s 3JrcI)bifliopitcI\6, li3ifliopucU0, 2vc.] ^Anhbiilopr'ni's, Eijlcpricl^^s, 1 PC. A« tor Vnivcrfit'ies, here ii a confldf^rahlc S niiiiary ot Lcarn- Lbrely eftablirh'd ac S:.yames''s Town, which already merirs the Title k//t'^c% and we hope it will in pfjccls ot Timcdcfcrve tlie N;iiie of iVnherjity. \^mmV5.'] The Natives of this Counrrv being Perfrns generally of ^!and i'lcnder Codies, black Hair, and oi a tawny Com pi ck ion, are hch given to Revenue, and very exatl:^ in vindicating the Death oi a Jicnd, it they can bv any ineans polfi[)]e. They Ipend moflot their he in huntinij; wild Bv-aftf, pait'ciilarlv Deer and Ecvcr, vvhnfe Skins l]i aforefaid} they interchange with ihic FtigHJh tor what Necclfaries lev want. Natives of ti.e Inhnd Parrs arc laid to burn their Dead , [id lay up their Allies ncr their Cabin?. Thnfe wh m they own as ■;e(]«, are look'd upon us fo many C)n)urcrs, bccaufe by their Invoca- j:Ds in a private Cabin, 'tis rep' rted that they frequently caufe abun- Irce of Kain to fall. 1 he Evi^l'ifJ) here rcfiding arc much the fame with :'k in Ef.glanJ. tanCiUagc, J The Largua^e r^f t!ie Narive? of this Country is re- [iirkablefor its vaft variety ot Dialers, andchole ib different from one other, that People of twenty Miles diihnce fand fometimes lefsj has quire different Nations, neither ot them being able to com- kehend the full mcaninj^ of one another's Jargon\ without the Idp of an Interpreter. Of luch People or Nations are chieHy rec- In'd the Chuwrnul^s^ M.tn^oags, At'ii(ic.:iu\ .V/.t/.avQWe/^fy, Mur^nahKl^s^ hxehAtan^ fyc. 1 he Erglijh 1 ere rcfiding retain and ufc their );vn Language, ilDObCVniUGUt* 1 The Natives (efpecially thofc in the Fn-land Parrs If this Lounrry ; cvwi SubieAion to certain Governours of their kn, call'd Waoiinu The hrgl'ijh are lubjcft unto, and rul'd by a wrtiruhr Go: ernor, appointed and fcnt linrlRT by his britjimiil^ llaicftv- Tile various laws \^hic:ii i-rnicdMtJy relate ro the Colo- it lelf , are made by the Governour, with the Ciinfent of his Ijincil, in Conjunction with me Buriellcs cLiteri by Freeholders. lit tor Decifion of Mr.trers (^whether Civil --.r Ciiniinal) in general jevrethe very fame with thofehere in Et^gl.wc^. The chief Court of ludicature, being held Quarterly, is call d the Qjuottr Court : In it the tovfrnour ar.d Cnuncii are Judges, who dertrniine in Affairs ot the pfd} moment: and to it Appeal are made from inicri r Courts, ptiilv kept in cverv County j th^^iC being SiKnrtb, Juffices of the (', i;i i:N nil ^ ^'' ■i\ Vi • rl 57^ Terra Cancidenjis. p^^^ the Peace , and other Officers appointed for that cud by the vcrnor. IHrmoO IRcligion.] The Hn^///7; here refidinc; are (for the moft part) P| fcrtbri ot the Proteftant Doitrine, and Obfervers of the Forms of i; vine Worlhip, according to the Model of the Church ot hniUi But the Natives continue Vagan^ e:ocs, Plants, Kcibs, i^ij befidcs variety of Englijh Grain. The length of the Days and Niglui 1 Carolina^ is much the fame with ihoie in the Scuchmoil part rf Sp!ii\ and Northmoft oi Barbary^ they both lying under the fame Parallels Latitude. Ccii brtir. Terra CanadenJU. 577 romnioDittCG.1 The chief Coww^?f/Vx exp'^rred hffice, are Skins i):tc:ts, Btrirs and Leopards ; as air> Oil, Ohvci, C crjii, Indico, .iT, Tobacco, J^arfapaiilla, rurrnerick, Siiukes-Roor, '^tc. janticc] Wb .[ chiert detti .-es rhe Epithet of Karc in C^rolmcL^ is 4111 Herb, which 'ioca'-y fh('N:nic of cheCouiivr} ; and icmarka- ;trr its lon^rtd K /.t, which draws upon I'apcr good red Lines, buc ,vcrsnociii DyiUj^. .■le. i^amicrs.] The Nanves of this Country, being naturally Men of J Coiiragc, and fc r a long time at Wars Mniong themfclves, are fc'-.rily d'.miniHi'd in th.cir Nunibcr, to .vhat rhcy were. Bu«- rhofe jriining are gerierall) Perf^ns if a p,ood aj^reeabJc 1 tmpcr, and main- Eafirm briendlhip v.iu'i our Col'^ny. The Engiifl) hctc refiding are !l.ime in AUnriers wii!i tliofe nere io England. [lin^uagc] i'he Natives have a particular yarg^n of their own, jell I'junds very harfh to the Ear, and feems to Strangers extreamly k it not impcfiibic to be acqu^r'd. The Engltjl) ufe their owB pctcnimcnt.] King Cb.-.rles TI. having granted Carohnlt by Letters pK, ill Prcpricty :o O't'ri;^ Duke o^ Allef marie, EJwar.i E.ir\ of CU* |;n, ^c. by thofc Letrcre, the Lawsot Evglatid were to be always ia leui [his Country , only the Lord's Proprietors arc impower'd (coge- tf with the Ccnf^nt ct tlie Inhabitants) to make or repeal fuch By- k a^ (hall iicn-; time to time be thought cKpcdicnr, lor the better piling of the v\holc Colony. JrniG.J kcUjioiu] Tiic F-iighp) here rc;ridin,^i,are of many and different Per- lions in Matceis o^ RvligiiUy there being u Liberty ol Conlcience p'd by the very ConHitution of tluir Government. The Natives iia'C let no revcal'd Krow ledge of the True Gc;d, but tollovv the vain Ima- |j(uii') of their own Minds; however, they are faid to adcoowledge ItSiipienie Ecin.!, whrm they wnrliiip under the Name of Okct\ and Inim their Pricll^ do ircquently Saciince, but they believe that he pnoCarc ot Humine Aftair5, committing them to lelfer Deities. p atkno'.vl'^dgc isho a Traulmigraiion of Soub, and a iuiurc State of fchat^ei this Liie. C c SECT, flL. £ I ft' ?78 Part ■ : rt JL SECT. V. Concerning Cctta ^taiUV UNDER the Title of Terra ArUka, we comprehend all \]\i Northern Countries, lying cither intirely (or moftly) wiihin Arlikk Polar Circle. The chief of which are thefe following, x/>. GreenUn^f Spits berg. Kova Zembla^ Terra, de Jtjfo, Ken' Dcr^mr,il^ A'ew North Wales. Of thefe we know little more, as yet, than their bare Names. I very fenfiblc, That in treating of them, (yea, and that iudividual of the Earth cxa^^ly under the North Pole) f( me Writers are pieas'd] Ipeak as particularly, as if they were dilcourfing of the Fifty two C )i ties of Ergland. But leaving (uch Gentlemen to divert therafclves wi their own Chimeras-, and leaving thefe Countries to the better Dilcov< of future Ages, I pafs on to the various Divifions of South Americl chufing rather to fay nothing of the aforefaid unknown Countries, tl{ to relate things of them fatisfaftory neither to my felf, nor the Rc.id< being wilHng to have due regard to that excellent Saying of the Ri Orator, Qifam beUum ejl velle confiteri potiu4 nefcire quod ncfciin^ ifU^ ifta effutientem naujearcy atque ipfum fibi difplicere / Cic. de Nat. Dej lib. I. Now folio wcth SEC Part -t IL 575 I' E C SECT, VL Concerning VLttU JFltma^ id all :t, vviihin ng, vk. ^th Wales, imes. I lividual pi ire pleaj'd] cy two C' nafclves wU :er Dilcove tb Americi jntries, ell the Rcjdj f the Ror ncfc'itii^ (jut Ndt. Dc( d. m. 297 tween^ ^? ^°*lofLatit V4« ■■!« i »' 30 J Length from E. to W. h ^- bout 1260 Miles. Breadth fromS. coN. isa^ bouc 480 Miles. " ina A\\,; Uf^ \t^rr.S^'*^^ ^^^ ^'^^^ Onnoqudj call'd Guiana, ■MUg Giviaea into^j^,^^^ ^j^^ j^.^^^ Orinoque, term'd Caflelh del Oro, •comprehends e Provinces dsC Car oti (JHI ribana HI ana — ' "Morefhega jManhoa — ''Panama, or Terra f'trma Carthagena — j § c I Na to & Tanamai' Idem — • romprehendf^ c Provinces ot^ St. Martha — >H <[ Idem I Idem- Idem- Rh de la hacha I'enez^ula ■ Ana'aluT^ia — — f^ar'ia — Granada \^ Papa) an IB u Cowana Maluregvara — St* Fede bagato - St. Fe de AnticL'^a From *W. to E, From ?oW. M' .] 'npHIS Country, (diTcover'd by the Spaniard s^ and con- X quer'd Anno 1514.) is Bounded on che Eaft by parr of «main Ocean ^ on the Weft by Mar delZur-^ on che North by Mar iVorf and the Bay ol Mexico ^ and on the South by Pera^ Amaxonia^ jpart ot Cr.'///. Ft is termM by the ItaHaj.i^ ferra Firma ^ by the p^irt^x, Tierra Firma-, by the hench^ Terre Ferine •, by th.e Germanty tfuaj} Lard ; and by the Engl'ijh^ Ttrrc Firma % fo call'd hv the Dif- leries thereof, as bein^ one part of thcf;rm Land^ or M. > -acineot,) Iwhich the Spaniards ftrft touch'd in their Wc-ftern Difco CiU** ij I ■1; m m J! w ::■/ ^ r. Cc ;r *t.3 ■| IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) "%■ 1.0 1.1 ■50 "^^ iniB ^ 1^ III 2.2 [r 1^ 12.0 1.8 1.25 1.4 |,.6 4 6" ► V V] *K-v Ptiotographic Sdences Corporation aa W«!ST MAIK TRIIT VV;^e!iTER,N.Y. 14580 (716) ^72-4503 f gSo Tetfa Firma. Part|. 3,«.l The a: of this Cou^ry Is eKcremdy hoc, ,ec ,e„e.„v | counted very wholcfome, fave in the Northmoft Parts adjacent to \^ Jfthmui oi Panama^ where the Ground is full of Lakes and Mariih which by their afcending Vapours do render the Air very ^Tofs, a confequenily lefs wholelonne to breathe in. The oppofite pLce oi t^ Globe to Terra Firmn, is that part of the Eaft-Indian Ocean, Ivin^ yf tween 107 and 1 50 Degrees of Longitude, with 5 Degrees of Njrthj and 1 1 Degrees of Southern Latitude. S)OilO This Counrry (lying mof^Iy in the firfl North Climitc faid to be blcfied with an excellent 60;/, producing a great pktuv Corn and Fruits where duly manur'd. It mightily abounds in Vcn.f Fifh and Fowl. A great part of it is planted with Cotton, jqd others are very productive of Sugars and lobacco. Here are alfo vcfy confiderable Mines of Gold, Silver, Ikats, ^c. many precious Srong, and in fevcral places, good fifhingof Pearls. The Jongeft Day int Northmoft part of this Counrry, is 1 2 Hours and an half ^ the (horr in the Southmoft, is 1 2 Hours or thercaboucs ; and the Nights propor: nably. CoinmoDitieC*] The chief Commodities of this Country, are G Silver, and other Metals, RiUam, Kozin, Gums, Long Pepper, tr raids, Saphirc, Jafper, {fy-c. Jxcl) [..iour, '. iople t ■inding their' i; other V the la uny Cat jilh'd E ,vo Nati ndfuls lRatttiC0/J Upon the Coaft of Terra Firma nigh Surenam, is 1 quently (een, and fometimes taken that Kilh, ufuaily call'd by Mumi the OldWife^ but otherways, th.e Sqiutre Acaratwa ^ lb tr.m'd trom figure, being almoft a compleat /^M^^tMirkw. (2.) ^n fevcral parrs (Juiana, arc certain Trees, call'd Totuk, remarkable for their Fru which is of fo great a bulk, and wiihal lu hard, that People can't u; fafcty walk among 'em, when the Kruit is ripe, being in danger evci Moment to have their Brains knockt out. (^ ) In one of the Branrhl^oljer o{ Oronoq^e \Mvcr, is fuch a hideous Catararf, that the Water fai!;B [he K down, makes as loud a Nuile as it a l"h. ufand Iklls were knocked oHhom ar( againft another. Vid. /■/c}lintCDjm'-^g. lait Kdition, i\Jge ioS6. (4.) (aiaemeni taugi cs, anc re fcttl untrics the top of a high Mountain, call'd Conoby is a confiderable Lake, (a cording to tlic Keport of the Natives) and that well Ifockt with m( lufes, v forts of Fi Hies. (5.) In IbmeHivcrs of Gw/,;nu, is a certain little hi leMidla about the bif:ncfs ol a Smelt, and remarkable for having Four Eyt ainrain'< Two on each fjde, one above the other- and in fwimming, 'tisobl(^iv ;vern'd to keep the uppcniioff Two above, and the other Two under v\. in (6.) In the Illand of Trinidado, Qnear the Coart of Terra t^irnu] rcniarkablc Foinuain ot I'itch, winch buileth ou. of the Eurth in hk abuud^iii: here, il Part i. p.irt II. Terra Firma. 581 I ^-jodance, and is eyporccd thence to various Places in thefe parts of the t generally a| .orld. C?.) Near C. B>m, on the Continenr., is another fountain of djacent to [^ .-rhy Subflance, much us'd in trimming of Ships with good Succefs, and M. of Long. (Xi, nf S. Lac. 'of N.Lac. )£ Length from N. to S. is about 1440 Miles. Breadth from W. to N. is about 480 Miles. lui comprehends L -he Province of ' Lof Quixos— Fac.imores — Qu'iti Peru Los Cixrccn — ^ C Pojlon - § \ Baef4~~ ^° J Vall.tclolU ^M ^ Idem ■^ / I'lm.i From N. to S. lliltllC.3 "TpHrS Country (difcovercd by theSpmards^ Anm i^2§. JL and Bounded on the Eaft by Amai^onia, on the Weft by ^ del Zur ; and on the South by Chili J is term'd Pern by the Ital't' ti, Spaniards^ French^ Germans^ and UK^lijh', io call'd (accordi." » to jiebcfl of Criricks) from a certain Kivulec, which bore that Name a* long the Indians y at the Spaniards firfl: arrival. idir.] The Air of this Country is of a very different Nature, being ifome Places extremely hot, and in others extraordinary ftiarp and fcercing. The Wind upon this Cojft (acci rding to /. Ac^li » J Mows al- jjys from the South and South-Wcfl, (contrary to whar'sul'ual becweca le fropicks) and is not violent, tempefluous, or unhealthful, as elfe- [hcrej but very moderate and agreeable. He farcher obferves. That along the Coafl, call'd Lanos^ it never Rai»^s, Thunders, Snows, nor kjils •, yet very frequently a little out at Sea; And that among the Mes y it rains in a manner cominually. The oppcfice Place of fe Globe to Peru, is that part of the Gulf ot Ben^ale^ between 10 and 127 Degrees of Longitude, with i and 2$ Degrees of South lidiiidc. ^01!.] This Country (lying in the 1^', 2'*, and 3'^ South imare) confilteth of many large and plcifant Vailies, vvith divers kh and lofry Mountains. The Valiies m Ibnie Place*, cfpecially tAaids the Sea- Coal Is, are very Sandy, and frequently fubjeft to C c 4 Ear ill- >:. if Ml?.! V ■ Si ,i* ;f m Hi; «r^ 584 Peru. Part Earthquakes ; in other Places they are very rich, and the Air extrc fultry. The Mountains, (particularly the Andes J are, for the part, continually Cold in their Tops, yet exceeding fertil, and '^^ rally lin'd with mofl coflly Mines beyond any Country in the WoJ vvitnefs the famous lofty Hi!l of Fotoxj, in the' Province of Los cA before 'twas funk by an Earthquake, which .happened in the time] 0. Cromrvel'f llfurpation. It is univcrlally eftecm d the richcf^ the boreign Plantations belonging to the Spanltrcis, The loni^tfi in the Norrhmofl part of Peru^ is about 12 Hours and a quarter-, fhorteft in the Souchmofi, is 10 Hours and a lulf j and the Ni^lics porticnably. CommoDitiCS,] The chief Cmimditks of this Country, arc GJ and Silver in vaft quantities, coftly Pearls, abundance of Cotton, bacco, Cochcneel, Medicinal Drugs, ^c. iSariticO*] There's a liigh Mountain in Perw, (call'd Pe ta\aj to whofe Top if any Perfon afccnd, he's fuddenly u with a terrible fie of Vomiting. And many Travellers cndcjvouri £0 pafs over the Dcfart of Pmas^ have been bcnum'd on a fudd and fall'n down ckad ; which makes that way wholly nej^id cd of Jare. ( 2. > On the Tops of the higheft Mountains in iVf (;t.s in other parts of the World ) arc frequently found fome c fidcrable Lakes, feveral ot which are very hot. ( 5. ) In the Vail of Tarapaya^ near to Fotox^i, is a very hot Lake of a Circular I'or whofe middle part (for above Twenty Foot fquare} continut boils up ; and though the Water is fo extremely warm, ^ yet ; Soil about the lake is extraordinary cold. (4.) At ihe Ea hi o{' Ingua, is a Sr^-eam of Water almoft boiling hot; and hard by it doth iliue forth another Stream which is as c;ld as Ice. (;,) In the Province of Los Carccts is another Spring of Water fo vc hot, that one can't hold hif hinger in it for the Ihore fpacc of one A Maria, And fomewhere elfe in this Country is a L'cuntain, out which there ilfueth a confiderable Current, of a Colour almoft red as Blood. (6.) Among the Quick-Silver Mines in Onm v'lhca, is a Fountain of hoe Water, wh1 ntain, out lur almoll ock , whici snploy'd L'/c/?f, and ai Jubftance r Itrun RoztM ; of fight e very .Sjiif Pirt 11. Penf. 585 •ifuch Fountains, providing tl ere he a ji,cntle Breeze from the Shore. :,i In divers parrs of /Vrw, a:c Hill f xrant the Ruins of many flatcly di-m Temples, particularly tluit call'd the Piuhamuna (about Four leagues from Lima :J And another in the City of Cafco^ which might :avf been formerly ace unted the Amerkun Fniitbeov^ lor tlie Idols ot all ,jrions conquer'd by the Inguas, were always brought thither, and ;;ae let up. (lo.) In Ft-fW are divers ancient Caufways of a prodigi- ous Icngrh, f:mc beinp, rcrk n'd uliove twelve hiindi'ed Leagues-, Works lilt fjr fur pais thofe of rh.it nacure among the Kcw.r/u, even the fa- 31 us i'ia Apf'ir^ ^^jml'n jnd i'laminju in Italy, (i i.) Among the C«- 'ifiiies of this Countrv, wc may alio reck ;n the Cucujui Feruiianns^ or Untk-rnl'ly : An Inleft of a confiderable bigncfs, and rem likable for [flliining l^ropercy in the Dark, (appearing as a little L^nthorn at a iifi-nce) whereupon the Natives when obliged to travel a-Niglus, do iually faft.n a icw of 'cm to a Stick, and by their Light can clearly I'jetheir way. We may alfoadd ihofc extraordinary little Birds of this Country, call'd Tmire'ics^ [of vvhem in Er.ifile] being of fo fmall a tuik, cha*: they furpals not ccmmcn wild Lees in bignefs. And finally, r.ole prodigious great Birds [nam'd C mdores] whj arc fa large and liroiig, that they'll fet upon and devi ur an c rdinarv Calf, lor all thefe, ad leveral other Remarkabks oi Fau^ VU. ]. Accfta, his Natural and I'm/ H'ljior)' nf the Indies. 31rcl)bifl;cp:icU0.j Here is one Sp.juJJ) Arckhijl^opthki r'^ that d ) lAt and j '£'ilT)C|)2tcUsO BifJ.-'^^rkl^s are thofe of Cufco^ Aie^nifay Truxillo^ Cuamarga, Pl^hitOf ilniUcrfiticoO Vnherfitks in thii. Country, iNonc. iTtJanacriG.] ThcNuivesof this Country are reported to be a People ars (for the mA\ part) very Simple, and groOy Ignorant. Thofe wards the Equator, are generally efleemVI more ingenious than the |f(l, but witiul much addif'ted to Two molf deteflablc Vices, vi?:. Dif- iniulation and Sodumv. ilic Upaiuiircis iiere rcfiding are much the Uc with thofe in Sjuia. ilan^unfjc] The /,i^/;^^//./^? of the Natives, did formerly confift of perjl t|uite different DiaicCts (or rather l^j many riiflintt Tongues, py being unintelligible to one another) but thele arc much diminilh'd, p daily grow fewer : for the People in the I jwer part of this Country, being ■ .4 I El, •c':;t H:' '! V r •t r q8^ Perrf. Part being now fafmofl) encirelv civilized, have left their ancient Jarc and rominonlv ufc the SpAiufl) Tongue. dpoljeninient.] Thi* rich Country [by niofl probable Conjeftur< was govern 'd by irs Incas^ or Hereditary Kings, above Three hundr^ Years before t!ie Spani.ir^i got any footin.; thertin • bur being rui mafter'd by them, y/rnoi?^^ under the Conduft of Virarro^ ic l,aj been ever fincc accounted a confiderable Part of ihe King oi V;i.//| American Dominions, and is c;overn'd by his Vtce-R)v, who ordinarj rcfidctli at Lim^. In levcra! places, ti;e Natives (elpeLijIIv tiiMir, the Mountain?) maintain as yet their Liberties, and arc rul'd by f,r parcicularCuc/'j«^. IScltcjtoit.] The FcYuvlir^s (except thofe converted to ChriHianici are grols Idolaters, worfhippinjMhe 8un , Moon, 8uis, Lijr^hrair.j Thunder, (;[yc. To each of fuch Di:ides were formerly eiei*^ed in tf Country very flately Temples, wh-fc remains are llill exrant in mjij Places, befides oneahnofl intire, r/'^, that at C///co. Tiiis Temple wl dedicated to the Sun, but is now a pucof rhe Monaftery o^ St. Dotim\ Irs Walls were over-laid with Dates of Gold from top to b ortom, and It was fet up a glorious Re prefcntation of the Sun, being a lively Hguj of that Celeliial Body in pure malVy G ^!d. Near to this Temple wcl Four others. One whereof was dedicated to the Mooi?, whom they calll HuULty reckoning her eitht r wife or Siller to tlie Sun. Another co i\ Planet Venm , which they tcrm'd C'hufca. A third to Thunder aii{ Lightning, which went by the common Name of Ttlapa, And a fnurt toChuychu, i. e. /^^, or the Rain-bow All of them were wondcrfuii cnrich'd w/rh either Gold or Silver-, and befides tliefe, were mar others, through the various i'rovinces of this [oncel mighty Riupire but the rnoft m:!gnificent Temple of ;;11 /Vrw, was that Iplendid piccc! Indian Archiredlure in a certain Ifland of the Laltnii^ds, Ticnude las AmU'- •0; by the French, Ftu des Amn^one -^ bv the Gcrm.tns^ Tlandvan t'miones • and by the Englif}\ Tbi Land cf the Amar^on^ ^ fo call'd :i rhc many warlike Women, (rcf^mblintf the ancient Amazons J who ar'd in Arms upon the B^nksof ihe River Ama^^'nCi at the Europe- rirft cntring into this Country. Iir»] The^fVof this Country, in Place? ?.3 yet difcover'd, is repor- Uio be very temperare, confidering the Laurude of the Country. The fofice Place of the Glob.? to the Land of the Amar^ons^ is partly the t'ph of Bengal, and partly (he PcnhjuU or Malacca, ^otl«] The Soil of this Country, it lying in the firfi, fecond, and |fdSou[h Ch'matc, where yet difcover'd, is very fertile, producing rat variety oi Fruits and Grain. Here alfo are abundance of Mines, har-Canes, Cocao, and Tob,?cco. The Ir.r.'^ed Day in the Northmoft p,is about 12 Hours and a little more ^ the ftiorteft in the Souchmoft, II Hours, and the Nights proportionably. ICommoliitics.] The CommodU'i^soi this Country arc reckon'd Gold, Iter, Sugar, Cocoa, Ebony, Tobacco, ^c. but •'his Part of che World, m as yet very flenderly known, an't little frequented by Strangers, Idemay be rather reckon'a the Product, than Staple Commodities of |:s Country. llSeUjint*") In the River Amazone^ i? a dreadful CararasJl, a confide- s'e way from the Sea-, f^or the Water being penn'd up bcrv/een two kp Kocks, (under w.hich is a hideous Precipice) the Scream falleth 'n with great violence andNoife. Yet notwithftandin^ thisfoterri- ta Fall, there be* many of the Natives, who, 'tis reported, are fo bold, todefcend that Stream in their liccle Cancos. In falling, they are 'iw to turn topfic-imvy many ti.Tics, and arc fcvtrcly plung'd in the Deep M I I) f ■ 'I i"t> '. « ( g88 Jma!ZO}is. PartJI'.rtlL Deep when down , yet fuch is their Care and Nimblenefs, that tbtv quickly recover their Canoos, and forthwith proceed on their Vo-j2^ 9 J. Acojia. age. ^rc!;bt flicp vicU0,, &:c.] Archb'jfJjoprkks^ BiJf^oprkl^Sy Vnheri.Aft None. * :39anncr0,] Upon the Bank of the River Amaxone^ (as is hinted already) were difcovered about fifty different Nations, who fcemd nerally to be a fierce and lavage Ibrt of I'cople \ all, both Men and V. men, appearing in Arm?, at the firft approaching of the Spanhtrdi - x they ftiii continue as fierce and favage as formerly, and many of 'cm reported to be Anthropophagi^ or Earers of Humane FleOi. 3Latigua5:0 Our Knowledge of this (as yet) ill difcover'd Couni js fo (lender, and the Commerce between Europeans and this People, little, that we can make no Obfervations of the Nature and Numb of their Languages, <0OtJCtnment,] How this People isgovcrn'd, (or ifany Formof G vernmcnt among them) is not yet very certain. A farthfr Enquiry ii die fame, muft be rcfcrr'd to the better Difcovcry of future Ages. 2Jltm0vj iRcUgtOrt.] That the Inliabitanr^ of this Country, are in general ^rc Idolaters, '> t'^" moil that can be laid of them as yet. They are rcporte to make th 'nages of Wood, and to fet them up in the Corners their Houfes, i^having no Temples) and da firmly believe. That thoj |)oIi(h'd piecesof Timber are really inhabited by fome Divinities d\ fcended from Heaven, being taught the fame by their Priefls. SEC bet\ve< betvve( 'ifil [of n iDivifion] Towns are I the Weft [emain Oc [crm'd Br k why To ( I'ance o bvs in thii le inatcer. m,l ri Jtnftsndini^ (irt- already iiVa-Breez fiiilpin I/lii boil.] T ph Climat ps alrcad m 1 2 Hoi an half: Part I 'rt II. that tliey eir Voyage. -1 89 SECT, IX. Jt^i'ierjUmf is hintec fecm'd :n and W i of 'cm 'd Counc id Numd I orm of G J inquiry iino Concerning 'B^afll* ^ between 'between - d. m. 522, 00 345 ^0 °' ^^'lofLatic. 23 ooj {122. 00 7 345 30 s of Lung. Length from N. E. to S. W- is about i5ooMiIes. Breadth from N. to S. is a- bout 1380 Miles. rs, V'msnt- Angra dos Rejes- S.lSebalUan if?/ [of no certain rivifion ) i':s Chief«^ Sf^hitu San^o [owns are thole of Forto Seguro ~- S. Sdvadore- Ferniimbuco — FiiYrayba — Found upon the Sea — !> Coafl from S. to N. iimcj npHIS Country, difcover'd bv the Fortuguere, Anno i$or, J. and bounded on the Ealt by part of the Main Ocean , the Weft by Am.izorua •, on the North by Terra Firma^ with fomc of lemain Ocean :, and on the South by Faraguay, and the Main Ocean, tcrm'd Erafil hy the Italians, Spaniurds^ French^ Germans and Engl'iflj^ : why To call'd is not certain. Thofe who derive the Name from the undanceof that Wood rerm'd by the Europeans, Brafle-lVood) which ows in this Country, do give (methinks) no fatisfartory Account of l! maicer. plitr.1 The Air of this Country is generally very vvholfome ; and not- phftandinjH; BrafU is almoff intirely within the Torrid Zone^ yet in thofe Irc' already difc'iver'd, ci^ exceeding temperate, being daily qualify'd iSta-Breezs's about Noon. Oppodce on the Globe to Brazil^ are the [;;%/« IjLwdsy with part ot the Eafteru Ocean adjacent to them. *)oil.] The 5c// of this Country (h lying in the ift, 2d, 3d, 4th [lith Climate) isreported to be fxtraordinary fertile, clpecially in thofe Ices already difcover'd. The lougert Day in the Norrhmofl Parts is bt 12 Hours and a quarter :; the liiorteff in the Southmoff, jo Hours pa half :, and ilie Nights proportionably. Cum< S i,> \V I ti *! 390 Bt\ifiL Part CommolJitiCS*] Ibe chief Cr-mwoV/V/Vf of this Country, are r] wood (other Aile Erafil-wood, mucli us'ci for Dvin^) in f^reatquantiti abundance of Sujjar, as alio Ambn, Roiin, Bahn, Tobacco, traind Confefturcs, ^c. j IRaritlCS/] As thepiincipal Rarities nf Braftl^ wc may fitly kon the confidcrable number of very Itrange Creatures found in t| Country: The chief ot which I fhall here menrion, and thofe redi ble to Four general Claffes, vi::^. Beafls, Serpents^ Hirds^ and Fiji J, Of Beafts, The moft remarkable of them are thefe follovvi (i.) Monkeys^ particularly that fort call'd by Europeans^ the King\ Ai l(ey^ thebiggeftof the whole Spec'cs, and obfervable for having a tl hollow Thrcttle-Bonc, near the upper end of the Larynx^ by thcliclp] which he makes a great Noiie. Here alfo are many Monkeys (off yellowifh Colour) that fmcU like ordinary Musk. (2.) The 5/94 fterm'd by the Natives H.uk from his Voice of a like Sound] hutl moft Europeans^ Igiuvtpf or Pigritia ; and corruptedly FereT^a^ by t| Spaniards-^ (o call'd from the Nature of that Animjl, being of foflc a motion, that he requires three or four Days to climb up a Tr of an ordinary height, and twenty four Hours to walk fifty Pac on plain Ground, his Fore feet are alm)ft double his Hinder length; and when he climbs a Tree, his hold he takes is fa furi ihat while he hangs by a Branch , he can lleep fecurely. (:?.) T Tamanduo Guacu, [which is a great Bear] fj term'd by the Nativl but commonly by Europeans ^ the Ant-Bcar, becaule he ufually feel upon Ants , at leafl deftroys thofe Creatures wherever he fini them. His Tail is fo big. that [Squirrellike] he can cover his whol Body therewith. (4.) The great Shelf d Hedg-hog^ cjlfd by the NJ tivcs Taiu^ and Armadilb by the Spaniards^ becaufe he gathers hii( felt up, Head, Feet, and Tail, within his Shell, as round as a BjII and that as a fure Defence, when either he goes to Sleep, or I aftualiy aflauked by any deffrudtivc Creature, with whom he dar^ not grapple. II. Of Serpents, The mod remarkable of thcnj are, (i.) That call'd by the Natives Ibibaboca^ which is about thrd Yards and an half long, and of a crnfiderable Ei;!nefs •, his CoIdu] are originallv White, Red, and Black, of all kinds; an his Bite is mcfl pernicious of any , yet Wv rkcth the flowef (2.) The Boiguacu , which is the bi^geff of the whole Species , bcin half a Yard in Ccmpafs about the Middle , and alm:>ft Seven YM long, (g.) The Boicininga, otiierwife the Rattle-Snal(^e^ io calll by Europeans from a Rattle in the end of his Tail, composed of number of dry Bones, from Eight to Sixteen, which are hollo\^ thin , hard , and very fonorous. Thofe Perlons , whofc Misiortuti Brafil 591 ;, to be bitren by him, arc tormented wi'h eyquifice Vd'm , Xi[ whole Body f!e.iv\ng into Chops) and Irequrnrlv die with- [VMuy f:ur H iirs in a moil fad Condition. Ctic fas a re- iikable Aft of the Divine rrovidence) this noxious Animal gives jely vv.irnin;^ to Travellers to avoid him, by makin^^ a great jfe with his Rattle , how foon he h«'ar5. any Perfon approaching ;jriis him. III. O^ Bra file BirJs, the mofl remarkable are, (i.) ■i fhnnn'ing Rird ^ which is lo calFd frr ni the humming Noile :makes v;ith his Win^s hke a Bee, when he feeds by thruft- : his fm;ill Fiiil into Hovvers. The y.r.^filiam term him Cm4- 1^/, and fome Writers Oitrijji^i^ i.e. the Sun-Beam ^ bccaulc of ^ radiant colr-ur'd hearhers, with which the Ind'uins ad rn their :iges \ but the SfaniArds call him Totr.irx'ui^ , bccaufe lo fmal], j[ One of th.em wirh its Ne(l weighs only two Tom'in>\ -^ a :dght in Spyin confiliing of Tvvelvc Grains. (2.) The Anhima ^ caird by the N.Kivcs, but by Europeans the V morn-Bird ^ be- k he Iiath a kind of Horn growing one of his Forehead ;cut two or three Inc nes long of a brittle Subliance , and blunc the Top; and is therefore neither detenfive, nor offcrnfive to ill, (at.) That cai I'd (JuaYA by the Brafiltins^ anu by Europeans t Sca-Cur!c\v -^ ^hc f.une with Kuwnum /•■.■/f.'.j , ard Arcu.taCoc' •u&momf^ Liii in Authors, and remarkable tor its Aif ' v- of Co- is; being at firfl BLick , then Aih-colour'd, next vVi.u' , .'rer- irds Scarlet , and lalf oi all Crimfon •, uhir'^ grows the lit'/jr ;e the longer he lives. IV. 0£ F'ljles taken upon ;iiv Cf ;f|[ are hfil , tlie moft remarkable are, (^ ) Orb'is Muvr^ rr ch.e G'/a.'e*- f;, fo cjll'd from his Oibicular Form \ rd remaik»b*e f .r being i-oi'd with many long, roui.a , haiU, a';u ■'■:'^o Sp'k^s and fjedles all over his B'dy , almoft iikc thofe c. Hcdg-hog. hen he fwims, 'tis b. irv'd , rb.it he draa--, rholc . . • ' s in, brefting them to his Body , to tacilicate i'.is w^^y thi.ti^r the jrer^ and that he advances them at any time l.c happens to be pfu'd, bidding (as 'twere) the Enemy to ccme at his peril. ;.) Upon th s CoaH is frequently Ifcn the Icheneis rr htfn ra, 2 [(h very famous among rlie Ancients f r irs fiupendcur I'ower [(lopping a Ship (as they irnagin'd) vhou^;h under Sa'l, and before [brisk Gale of Wind. Which llrange Accounr was gencj'ally be- pd for many Ages , and not a few have labour'd to afliga [eCaufe^ but it is now look'd upon as a ridiculu? Stcry, anj |tlervcdly exploded by everv ordinary Traveller. Theic are the sil remarkable Creature?, whec'.er Beafts^ ye^pents^ B'nds^ cr FiJJes [longing to Brafile ., and ail (or mofl) of ihim, are co be feen in publickRepoiitory of Cr!?/?.'of Latit, I 44 CO 5 C/;i//com-r Ch'iH (^roi^rli-- prehends J C^/// Imperial' the Pfo-*^ vinces of L ChucuHo Length from N. to S. is] hour 960 Miles. Ji ('Breadth from W. to E. is| bout zoo Mill's. = CStJago § J Batvidia jpon }N. to S. u] Sca-Coaft. ^j {^Mandofa, Eaft of ^ C/j/7/ Imper'iali i^atnc] 'T'HIS Country (difcovcr'd by the Spaniards, Anno 15; X and Bounded on the Kali by Paraguay ^ on the Weft Mire Pacificum ; on the North by Peru -, and on the South by Terra .\ geUanica) is cerm'd Chili by the Italians^ Spaniards, fretich, Germd and EvgUO) ; i'o called (as moft imagine) from a large and fpacious vj fey of that Nume. 3iil\] The Air of this Coumry, during the Summer, is much o( tj fame equality as in Spain, or rather more Temperate, being trequenf fann'd by Wefterly Sea Breezes : But in the Winter^ the C)ld is h ccffively piercing, that both Man and Bead do perifh in great numhel The oppofite Place of th.e Globe to Cfjili, is the South part ot 2",;rM between 122 and i25 Degrees ot Longitude, with 25 and 4^.^ Degrj of North Latitude. ;^ ^Oilt] The Mountainous parrs of this Country (it lying in > 4*^ 5^''> ^^^) South Climate) are generally Dry and Barr but m the large Valleys towards the Sea, the So/7 is exceed! fcrtil , producing great plenty of Maize , Wheat, and moil 1j of other Grain, as alio Variety ot Herbs and Fruits; and tl Vines brought hitiier from i'pain , do prolpcr extraordinary \^ This Country afifordethlikcwilc f)mc rich Mines of Gold and S:h i'hc longeft D.iy in the N'inhnuiU I'jit^, is about 13 Hours an' li.tl it IL Chili 395 ,:, [he fhortcft in the Southinoll, is 7 Hours and an half, aad che .a[S proportionably. CoiumoDitfCSt] The chief Commodities of this Country , are id , Silver , Maize , Corn , Honey , Oftridges , and feveral lals. ••.•.;•.'•>,..' . . SavitiCfl/] In Chill is a very remarkable Bird, call'd (?i nit bet divi- r Guayra — icd into fevc-\ Paragaia propria fal Provinces,^ CA;ico— — ihebeft known y Tucoman --~ jf which arc C Aw de la PlataL 5 ^ ( Length from N. to S. is about i$5o Miles. Breadth from W. to E. is about I $00 Miles. CtvidadReal TE. to W. on the yiOaRka-^< Er.ofRtode Conception — (. Plat. St,Jago — rw.ioE.ontheB. AJJumption^ \ of Rh de Plat. ii EC 5ame.] "TpHIS Country (difcovered firft by /oftn ViasdeSoltt^ X and afterwards taken PonefTion oi by the Spaniards^ ' no I $46, and bounded on the Eaft by part of the main Ocean j on lie Weft, by Chili ; on the North by the Land of the Amazons Ind part of the main Ocean) is term'd by the Germans^ Paraguaii ; [y the Italians^ Spaniards^ French^ and EnglifJj^ Paraguay ., fo calKd bin a River ot the fame Name, it's alfo call'd Rio de la Plata ly the Spaniards y becaule of the abundance of Silver they found fcerein. 3Iit#] The Air of this Country is generally reported to be very Imperate, and abundantly healthful to breathe in. The oppofite Place It the Globe to Paraguay^ is that part of the Kingdom of China and p/fo^«/'s Empire, between 127 and 157 Degrees of Longitude, with ]i and 37 Degrees of North Latitude. ^Oil^] The Soil of this Country (it lying in the 2'', 5*^, 4*'', ad $-^ South Climate) is efteem'd to be very fertil in moft Places, bducing abundance of Corn, Wmc, Fruits, and Herbs, and here alfo pe fcveral confiderable Mines. The longeft Day in the Northmoft prcs is about 19 Hours : the fhorteft in the Souchmoft, is 10 Hours m an half j and the Nights proponionably. w w I',' • h Dd Commo 398 Varag-jiif}', Part ■ ort I Commol)ltie6.'^ Iht chief C'^mmr.ditks nf rhis Country, fat !o^ the Product thercot ) arc reckon'd co be Ibmc Gold, Silver, ErJbj i^ Sugars, A mc thill 5, i^c. iRatittes.l Upon Kh de la. Plata are frequently fcen, and forr times kiil'd divers kinds of Serpents of a prodigious bignefs. {2.) wards the Northern parts of Paraguay^ is a certain Champaign Countj about Six Leagues fq uarc, vvliich is all overfprcad with an excelle fort of Salt, and that to a confiderable l.eight. (5.) In the WeO< parts of Tucomjii, is a prodigious liigh and large Mountain, wh'ch its wonderful Gliftering in a clear Sunlhine day, is call'd the Chridi Mountain, Under it is extended a hideous Cavc-Paflage , throul which dot'i glide a confiderablc Current of Water, wich fo mj Windings ^nd Turniogs, that from the time of its entry under Mountain, to irs ilTuing forth on the Qther fide, is almoll the fpace TwfiKy f jur or Thircy Hours, according to the Computation of for Pcrti'gH.^es who wer^ fo adventurous, as to make the Experiment, ai "thai oy hazarding their P^rfors upon a Kair made of Canes. Vid. F* chas hi4 Fikums. Pare 4- 1-^'-^ ^^ ;!1ACC ■iii, wl -ev SO jtheK jing an airtuj lRcl(( jrs, ye: ■sis an( ; a Tra :)me ini :v they jiiding, f ' ^rcljliidiopjiclis.] Here is one S.umfl} ArMflmprkki v'n^. that |f Rio de Li FLtu, '3I5:n)0piicHc,l To the Archl'^ft))pYkl:^ of ^/o dc U Platan arc fcvci Suffragans, ih> Thofe of St. Jagi dc Lejlero, Affuwption^ Panama^ FuY;tg\(a\\, ■ r\\\ all £59umicrs«] The Paraguayans^ though Pcrfons of very hfa'*^ ^*"^ and rail llotiics, are neverthelefs reported to be very nimble, ;iij|'^^i" ''"&' much given t) Running. They are fiiid to be foniewhu Lji)oriciBf^"''\'y and lels Savatc than many others of the adjacent Nations, yet a luflnhabira inclin\I to a revengeful Humour againft thofe who chance to wroij^f, but them. ' 3lanc(ua5C.1 All we can learn of the Language moftly in ufc amc;i| the Natives, is in general, that 'tis a very harlh and unpleafant ^w>^ as the iMiuality af the Indian Tongues arc. The Spaniards here reliUu ^0 commonly ule their own Language. (0o\5cnv Part 4 ■ rt II. Paraguay, 399 LJOtry, fat !cj ?n, and for paign Counti I an excdle n the Wefit in, wh'fh d the r./;n/fl »ge, throuj vvjcii fo mj cry under ft the fpace ation of for pcrirnent, aj es. Vid. f- d^oUcrumciU.] Th« Natives of this Country (according to our la- id Account) are in a great part fubjeft to their own Captains or Cac'i- >fj, whom they chufe among themfelves, and under whofe Condudt ,ev go cue to War. A confiderable part of this Country doth belong )the King of Spain^ who ordinarily kecpeth one Governor at Si. Jaga ]Tncanian, and another at Affumpt'm in Rb de la Plata^ both of 'cm {ing anfvverable to the Vice-Roy of Fenr. .....,„ ... ; , {\^ iRcUgicnO The Natives of this Country are generally grofs Idola- ;rs, ye: 'tis reported of 'em, that they're more capable of learning our [rts and Religion, than mofl of the other Jmerkuns, And fome fpcak ; a Tradition fpread among 'em, importing that certain Pricfts flialJ nc into their Country, and inftruft them of a new Religion, wherc- ythey Ihall be mofl happy in another World. The Spmards here ending, are (as in Spain J rigid Papifts. .'It, t^/>.. that |f *<«, arc fcveol ruri(gihij. I of very nimble^ at u Ljborio I?, yet a iitii ICC to vvr .^r SECT. XII, Concerning CetiM 99iin;cHanica. rn I S Southmoft part of the Continent of South America (call'd nKoRegio PatagonumJ derives its Title irom Ferdinand Magellan, a \)tugue7ie^ who made the firft Difcovery thereof, Anno 1 51 9. as alfo of ,ic iamous Streighc which fiill bears his Name, he being the firll for ought we know) that ever pafs'd through the fame. Many things equally frivolous as ridiculous) are related of this Country and its abi rants, with which I (hall neither trouble my fclf, nor the Rea- per, but proceed to . 'fi^ r • Dd 4 SECT. il 4CC Part I ?art t SECT. XIII. Concerning Certa aittattfiCcl. BY terra Antar^ka^ we undcrftand all thofe unknown or flcndej difcovcr'd Countries towards the Southern parts of the Globe j chief of which do bear the Names of ISevp Guinea^ New Zeland^ Ni Holland^ and (which may comprehend thefe and all the reft) Terra firalH incogntu. Which Southern Countries, tho' they belong not the Continent of i4menceIong not I this PU^ doth exte< i of the "ieli. 5] of them I be aflfinnl ; them ther i nd. §. I. California, rHIS Ifland was formerly efteem'd a PenJnfnla, but now found to be intircly furroundcd with Water. Irs North Part was difcovercd )\ Sir Francis Drake, Anno 1577. and by himcall'd Nevp Albion^ where freeing a Pillar, he faftned thereon the Arms of England, The In-Jand pirrs Thereof were afrerwards fearch'd into, and being found cobe only )dry, bj i^n, cold Country, £«rope, do flill retain the Maternal Language of the relpedive Countries from whence they came. dpo^ci'n ^ 'art 11. ArncTican Iflands. 4C3 ^f, unlefs w] Eaft of ch( in breadth BauIuos (c rrs by diver So thick dl ' retard thd Vnivirfitkk Plurality oj of the Mai their b'aces Tiiey liv^ c of Poles* )' ordinaril| ans ufuallji i with thold commcn:/ the IndlM ' little Vari- : Europe^ih- rclpedive cC^olicrii ^ (^oternment.] In the Ye.ir 162^. Sir George Calvert, Principal Se- erary of Stare, havino obt^in'd a Patent for a part of Newfound- Land, fcfted the fjnie int?) a Province [^call'd Avalnv^ and therein fettled a Plantation ; which after him, was enjoy 'd by Wis Son CdicU'tus Lord Bal- more. This Iflard was fet upon, and miAer'd by the French in the jre tedious War, but fpecdily retaken by the Englifh^ who are now in ;iill Poffctfion of what they formerly en joy 'd. frmc] IScligion.] The Natives of this Ifland (upon its firft Difcovery) vere found to acknowledge a Supreme Being, whom thty own'd as the Creator of all things •, but err'd extrcamly in their Apprehenfions a- 30ut the manner of iheir Creari )n : allc(lii;ing that Men and Women were ]t firft made of a ccrraiu number of Arrows ftuck fa(t in the Ground. Ihey generally believe the Immortaiiry of tlie Soul, and that the Dead 20 into a far Country, there to make merry (as tliey think} with their Friends. ^, ^. Cuba, 0anie,]-TpHlS Idand difcovcred by tlie Sp.tn'iards, Anno 1494. is 1. term'd by the Italians, Spaniards, French, Germans , and hgU/J}, Cuba. Which Name is the fame it had when firif difcover'd, iieing Ibcall'd by the Natives and nei:;hbouritig llluiders j what may be I'.e Etym:)logy of that Indian Appellation, we know not. '2^iV*'] The i4/Vof this Kljnd (confidcring itsfmal! Latitude) is very temperate, being niij^htily qua!ii'v"d by V.ipours that daiiv aJcend from (he F.3rth. The oppofuc Piace of tlie' Gl be to Cuba is tnat part of the Eud- Indian Ocean, ]\ing between ijoand 120 Degrees of Longi- iiide, with 20 and 2; LVgrccs of South Latiiudc. j^Otl.1 This Climite (lying in the fame Climate with the Northern Part of Ni^n? Spain) is net fo Icrtiie in Grain as Weed, being i^cnerally cover'd over with Trees, (ome oi vvhich CiO drop the purcrt Rozin : Here is freat plenty cf FiOi and licih -, and in feme puts are divers Liiids of evcellent hruus The lengrh of the Days ar.d Nights in Ciilhiy 15 much the fame as m the North ol Ativ 6; enable him cither to walk upon dry Ground, or Iwim m tlic Water, N:«cure hal furniOi'd him both with I'cct and Fins. In moving on the Land he — very fwift, (providing his Courfe be ftraight forward) but extremely flow in turning, and therclore eafily avoided. Laftly , fn Jum.iic.t are producd fome rare Plants, much regarded by the inquifnive B't.t' mfl. But for a particular account of them, and all others, found both in this, and fcveral of the Car'ike Hlands, I refer the Rcadei to a curious Catalogue, publilh'd feme Years ago by that great Promoter of Natural Knowledge, the ingenious Dr. Sloane. 1Jlrc!)bin)Op?icfe0^ &c.J A)-ckb}jl)opncl:'s , B'iP;opriclis , Vniverfuks. None. jS^tluncrS*] The Inhabitants of thi^ Tfland being Engliflj^ are muchf the lame in Manners with thofe in tlie Kingdom of England^ onlvj with this Difference, that the generality of 'em is fomevvhat more] vicioully inclin'd, a thin^ too common in moff of our Weftern l'lan-| tations. Ilangu.ige.] This ifland being fntircly inhabited by £«^///7.', they re- tain, and Aill ufe, their own Native Lupgnagi. dBiobcmtUCnt.] Jumiica, is wholly fubjcrt to the Crown of £/?^/.if?.'/, and rul'd by a particular Govtrnour, luit thither by his Majefly, the King of Greai Bi'itivn. The Laws i)y which they are governed, arc ^ (as near as can be) tliole of Er.gLind. Here they have leveral || Courts of judicar^Tv tor hearing and determining ot all Caufes | between Man and Man 5 and tor tnc better Alfiflancc of the Go- vernour, he h furnilh'd with hisCouneil to cjnlult with, when Occaficn requires. ah tha opting t le Eiigii ioubtedl :»rnin3l iich Ma ■pi fed S ^PrmoO m\= Bamc] I himle ; :v the fii ;ivn Cgu ■t intole ] the A i chat ii?o Deg ;[iide. le SdtL Yx)' trui' id to ri furf, tha icre is i kefs , in tliencc d ig kept litre is fiufe th |isd as li pod flor [ngth 0} part II. American IJlatiJs, 4C/ iRcligion/J Tliclnhabi rants of this iHand, are of the fame Religion trh that publickly profels'd, and by Law cfUbUHi'd, in England-, ex- tpting the Negroe-Slaves, who, (both here, and in other Illands of 'e£n^//p Plantations) are Hill kept in woful Ignorance ^ which is un- ijubtedly a grievous Scandal to our Holy Frofeffion in general, and an ,5ornin2bIe Shame to their refpeftive Mafters in particular: But let lich Makers know that the time is coming, when the [nowj de- pifed Souls of thofe toiling Slaves will certainly be required at their ^mds. 4 M .ii>j Jniverfit'iei.] , are muchi" gUnd^ only I Iwhat more ftern Plan- 7.', they re- )f England ^ iiefly, the 'crn'd, arc ^ ve Icverul all Ciules ' the Go- 1 Occaficn §>. 5. Hzfpaniola, Bamc] TpHlS Tfland (difcover'd by Columbus, Anno 1492.) is i term'd by the Spaniards, EipanioU -, by the French, E- hgmJe ', by the Italians, Germans, and Engl'ifl), /ijp.:niola; fo cali'd :v the firft Planters therein, r/:^. the Spaniards) a? a Diminutive ot cJieir .vn Country. '^iv,2 The Air of this Ifland is much inferior ro that in Imiucj. J being much infcfttd with Morning Heats , which w^uld e intolerable , were they not allayed by fome cooling Breezes ] the Afternoon. The oppofite Place of the Glebe to Hiipaniola , i chat part of the Enlt'Indian Ocean , lying between 120 and :^i?o Degrees of Longitude, with 17 ajad 21 Degrees of South Lav :;iide. j ^oil.J This Ifland is !>lcfs'd \vith an extraordinary rich and fer- |lc .*)('//. The Trees and Meadows in ic are Hill (0 Green, that we ny tru.y fay, it enjoys a continual Spring. Herbs and brtits arc fiid to ripen in eighteen Days, and fo rich and fruitful is the Native [iirf, that of fevrral Grain, thcromrtjon Increafc is an Hi)ndred-iold, licre is abundance cf S'alm-Trees o-f a prndipjous hciji,iith and b)g- sels, in whofe Body an Incifion being made near the Top, from ;liencc doth i, they botli lying under the fame Para] lels of Latitude. ' CommoDitteS*] The chief Commodities of tliis Ifland, arc CatrlJ Hides, Caflia, Sugar, Ginger, Cocheneel, Guiacum, (fy-c, IRatities,] in this Ifland is fome (lore of Genippa-Trees ^ whoi Fruit (about the bignefs of a Man's Two Fifls) being prefs'd befor thorow ripe, affords a Juice as black as Ink, and fie to write vvithi did it not difappcar iatirely in nine or ten Days. (2.) Here gmv anotherTrce, cali'd Mixn.wUlx or VwArf AppU-Tree^ wliofc Fruit is of , venemous a quality, that if any Vcxim eat thereof, he's inftanri! feiz'd with an unquedionable ThirO, a:id dies raving Mad in a fhoi time. (5.) Of the many Infefts belnni^ing to this iOand, the Glow worm (term'd by tlie Sparurds Cjcbinillas) is mail remarkable, ant that chiefly for two little Sp^t ks on his Head, which by Night give (4 much Light, that it a Pcrfonlav three or four of thoie Creatures to gethcr, he may fee to read tlie riiulicil Print. (4.) In Hij'pamjU ari Spiders, about the bignefs n' an ordinary Hen's Kgg, having Legs a] long as SeaCrabs of a middle Size. They are Hairy all over, and h3v( Four black Teeth like R^ibbcts, and coniinonlv bite very fliarply, buj are not venomous. ($.) Moll renurkabicof all Creatures in tiiis Iflanc is the Caymctn^ Ccomm jnly reckon'd the Crocodile of HifpanioU) whicJ being an Animal ot a prodigious bignefs, is much noted for his rari Subtilty in catchinp, his Prey ^ far lying upon a River fide , he fo gal thercth his Body together, that, in Form, he rcfemhles exadlly thi large Trunk of an old Tree. In which Pollure he continues till Cac] tie, or other Crearures come to the River to drink, when to their fur] prize, he fuddcnly fprings up and aifaults them; And ( to enhauncd the Woflder) this ftrange Creature is (aid to ufe yet a more llrange SirJ tagemto cffeft his End ^ for Travellers generally affirm of him, That bel fore he lays himfelf (as aforefa'd) upon the River-fide, he's employer for fome time in fwallowing down feveral hundred weight of fmall Pec^ bic Stunes. By which additional weiglit -if his B^dy, he can keep a h\ (let hold of his Prey, and be the fooner ble to draw ic into, and divJ ivith it under Water. Vid. Late hijlory f the Buccaneers i/i America] Part 1. Cap. 4. 3rcl)biri)0p;tcU6 , &c.] Here is One Archjifrnpric^ , v'lx^. that o( St. Domingo. >^uifragan to whom are S:. j a^o in Cnba , St. John A^\ t^ort-ricoj 3nd Coro in Terra fnm.i. '^11 ilJfrd Part I J lart II. American IJlands. fame Paraf UnitJCtfltics*] Vniverfitks, None. 409 are Cattid yees^ whol refs'd befoi Tice withil Here grn^ ruitisof e's inftantl] I in a fhor , the Glow irkable, an^ lighc give rearurcs tof ij'paiujlu ar( ing Legs aj r, and hav( fliarpiy, but n this Iflanc joU) whicf "or his rarj he fo gaj exaftly ihi les till Cail to their furl enhau!ic( Irange S;n| n, Thac be] :'s employ I ffmallPcej keep a faj , and dive in America] ^anncrsO The Inhabitants of &h in I I ''The ^ngltffj^ but little efteem'd. The French and Dutch, The trench. The EngUflj^ but of fmall Account. The Englifl) and French* The Engitfl). The Englifl). The Engitfljy but moftly inhabited by Infli <^ The French, The French. The £n^////; and Natives. The French, The Engl'ifl), The French, The £n^//7/j and D«^c^, cfpecially the latte The French, The Englifl}, Of all the Caribee Iflands belonging to the EngUflj^ the moft rJ markable (upon fevcral Accounts) is B^rWo's. Of it therefore il particular. BJRBADO'S. Anguila ' St. Martin San^a Crux — Burbada - St. Chriftophers Kievis or Mevis Antego — — Montferrat Marigdctnt Dominica Mtrtinico Barbido's St. /-MC/s to be feen upon this Ifljn<^, we may reckon thofj fmall Flics, (tcrm'd diyouyoHj nioft obferwable , and that chiefly foj their Wings, which give a mighty Luftre in the Night-time whilj they ily. 7I^XC\)biU)0pikh^y &c.] Arcbb}ftjOi)rkks^ B'ifljoprkks, Vnherfitki None. fanners*] The Inhabitants of this Ifland (excluding iheNegroes being muAIy Eng/ifJ), arc much tiie fame in Behaviour and Manner o| living, with thole here in England* llanguage,] What was faid of the Inhabitants in refpeft o£ ^tumerA the fame may be affirra'd of them in Point of Language- " ' ' Vegroes^ the generality of them (if any confiderable ti Ifland) do alfo underfland and fpeak Engliflj, As for th time upon thj Part ^eligio As for ferve f for tht when ( vu^ar Slaves fuch a it's but no Law oor an) of the that vvi n. Pah ftian L; odiervv belong d^clJCtumCilt.^ This Ifland, belonging to the Crown of England, rul'd by a particular Governor appointed and fenc thither by His Maje the King of Great Britain. He vmh his Council do d'lcufb all Matters Importance, and the better to quell any Infurrcftionrhar may be nia (efpecially by the Slaves) he ftiil kreps a Standing Militia, confiAinj; Two Rc^'.iments of Horfe, and Five uf Foot, always in readin(fs up 4 call. The Law^ by which this Ifland is governed, (cxcep: lome B} A^s which immediately concern the Plantarion) are cne f me wii Are the thofe of Eigland. The Ifland be-np divided into tour Circuiis in ejcfcj of them is eflablifli'd an Inferior Court of Judi'eJrory f :i Slave (^as all agree) w -u'd noc jc. Paul in his Epiftle have told Philem^n^ That 'cwd: asaiuft the Chri- jtian Law to keep fuch ? But we find that the Strain ot that EpiOlc run? odiervvays. § 8. The Liicayes. THE Ludyes (f > call'd from Licayone^ the biggefi of 'em all ) are thole leveral lUands lyiu^ North ot Cuba aod Hifpaniola , They belong moflly to the Spaniards y aad the chici of chem Are thofe of I I hcarin/. lay be mj ')f Jufticc i icn tnerea vcr contradij calls an anner our Erne, thofe hoicn out Bahama- Lucayme \C'ig.ate Ouanah I Tuma Samana^- Maiaguam 't? 'J u Sl ^ew Providence ) >.J «^ F.lutheria ^1 an'i J ^ I S:, Salvador — Extended from the v.. of Tegeft am Flo- rida^ t J the N. of Hifpanolia, Of thefe Iflands, Bahama mav be reckoned the mifl remarkable, and that chiefly for the famous rapid Channel between that Illand and the iMain, through which the Spanijh Fleets ufually pals in their return from A/tfx/co to Europe. A PalVage equally fatal to the Sparhrd^ as fortunate !0 the EngUjh. Kara! to the tormer for fom^ dreadful S.iipwrecks Ui- flain'd therein •, and fortunate to the latter, for valt Quanticics of Flate recover'd by skiltul Divers. This Illand is al-ooblcrvab c tor feveral un- common Infeits found upon ir, particularly the bahawa-Sjider already rncation'd, Page 3^1. %fM^M Ec §. 9. The 414 American IflanJs. §. 9. The Sotovento, TH E Sotovento I/lands^ are thofc lying along the Northern Coafl of Terra Firma, They belong moftly to the Spaniards y and recti v'| the Title Sotovento Cquafi fub ventoj from them, becaufe they appear te the Leeward of their Fleet coming down before the Wind to enter tl Gulf of Mexico, The chief of fuch Illands Are thofe of * fTrinidada — Afargarita— Tortuga Orchilla — Rocca Bona)re Curacao Oruba Found frcm E. * w. iDd feri jround Peebles md pJe jpon th ifhich i kir Ce whereas jhich h part of I k fami ;jine Pa Com Trmdada (term'd by the Natives SamfonateJ is obfervable for bein|, jes, Co( iaconfh Creature .■hither. !iid very .'ilk, anc :.iem. furround ulcor b •^•ith the i"iat rem a noted place of Battery between the Inhabitants of Sew Spain^ n thofe of Peru. And Margarita is much frequented upon the account 1 Pearl Fifliery, from whence it derives its Name. The reft are noc any great moment. §. TO, Bermudas, l^amc] 'TpH IS little Clufter of Iflands ( lying about Five hundrc X Leagues Eaftof florida) is term'd by the Italians^ Be tnuda ; by the French^ Bermudes^ by the Spaniards^ Germms^ and I glif\.\ Bermudas. So cali'd from one John Bermudas^ a Spaniard^ w fnade the firft Difcovery of them. They are otherwife term'd the 5«4 K ^^Js B. wer Iflandsy from Sir George Summers^ an Engliflman^ who futfcr'd Shi^ wreck near to them. Anno i6op. %ix*'] The Air of thefe Iflands is reckon'd extraordinary healthful breathe in, the Sky being almoft always ferenc and fmiling. But wh< overcaft at any time, then they're fure of a terrible Tempeft, attend^ with frightful Claps of Thunder, and Flafties of Lightning. So healtl ful are thefe Iflands to breathe in, that their Inhabitants (now in numl about Four or Five thoufand) are feldom vifited with Sicknefs, and gc ucrally arrive to a good old Age. The oppofite Place of the Glol^ei Bermadi l\'one. nucli th fn^lanJ, tlangt tfpcef o Ungnage, Part III i?art II. American Ijlaiids. rn Coafl oj md recti v'J y appear t^ [0 eater il frcm E. 413 ]:rmualat, is that part of the raft Eafl-IndiaOcenD, lylog between 1^4 ifld 138 Degrees of Longitude, with 52 and 55 Degrees of South La- :[ude. ^Oil.] The Soil of thefe Iflands has been hitherto reckon'd v?ry rich 13d fertil, yielding the Labourer Two Crops a Year ^ and me Arable jfound is of fuch an excellent Mould that it affords neither Sand, Hints, Peebles, nor Stones fo hard as are fit to grind Knives. Bur how rich ind pienriful foever thefe Iflands have been hererofore, they are now ipon the decHning Hand, and gr^winji a pace both poor aud barren. Kor xhich is commonly affign'd a tw" told Keafon, i;/:^. (i.) The Fall of leir Cedars which formerly did flficlcer their Fruit from hurtful Winds, vhcrcas now they're continually blafled. (2,) A certain Worm r r Anc jhich ha§ lately bred fo much among them ao 10 confume the greatell le for bemj J Spain^ at ie account I lare not [art of their Cnrn. The length ot the Days and Nights in Bermudof, :he fame as in the Northmoft parts of Florida, they both lying under 1 ;jine Paralkls of Latitude. IS the five hundr Italians^ Si mSy and £ )antard, w rd the 5«4 I fuffer'd Ship. healthful But win left, attends So healtl )vv in numl; Inefs, and g? Ithe Globe 1 Bcrmniii CommoDttics.] The chief Commodities of thefe Iflands, are Oran- ges, Cochineel, Tobacco, Cedar-Wood, fome Pearls, and Amber-Gris a confiderable quantity, iyc, iRariticS*] Obfervable are thefe Iflands for nourifhing no venomous Creature, none fuch being found upon them, nor able to live it brought :hither. Here indeed arc many Spiders, but thofc no ways poyfon 'Us- !iid very remarkable for their Webs, having the refcmblance oi Raw- ;ilk, and woven fo ftrong, that little Bird-^ are fomevi:^.es incan^Ied ia :aem. (2.) If Wells are dug in Bermuda^ above the Surface of rhe furrounding Ocean, the Wjter is fvveer and frclh ; hut ii V'.ver, then laltor brackifh ^ and all of them have fome f'^niiDlc KIux and Reflux i'ith the Sea. (3.) Upon the Coall of thefe Ifljnds, h 1 ..mcrnnv s taken liat remarkable bifh, termd the F'/^-f//?; j being ib calld from a pare i his Back-Bone, which hach the exait refemulai.ce of a File. 11lrcl)bifl;opiicfe0, Sic] Archbifkopricks , Bijhprkl^s, Vniverfitks^ \'0De. fanners.] The Inhabitants of thefe Iflands being Etiglijh^ are nuch the fame in Manners and Way of living, with thole here in fn^Und' llcinguagc] what was faid of the Inhabitants of Bermudas in ^fpeft of Manners J the fame may be affirmed of ihcm in I'oint of E c 4 d^oDcnt^ f 1 I *«;; 4l If 4i6 American Iflands^ Part If IPart dPobcrnmCHt.] Thcfe if and?, being wholly fubjeft, and of right ^ longing to the Crown of h rj rn.y, arc rul'd by a particular Govcrnc appointed and lent thither by luc Kiogot Etigland. 3lrm0f] IRcligion*] The Religm here eftablifti'd, and publickly profefs'd, the Frotejiatitf according to the Reformation of the Church of En^And} §. 1 1. Terra del Fuogo, THIS is a large Triangular Ifland (or, as fome think, feveral) It ing on the South part o^i Amerkit^ and feparated from the mat Continent by the Streighrs of Magellan. It's call'd by the Name of Teh* radel Ft'o^o, becaufe (it feems) the firft Dilcoverers thereof did obferlp fome particular Vulcam'^ upon ir. Our Knovvledge of this -fland and ii Inhabitants, is, at beft, but very uncertain ; and almoft every new A( venturer in thcle Parts of the World, give us a new Relation of thin^ Whi foever therefore defiresa cerrain or fatisfaftory Account, muft fcr his Enquiry to the better Difcovery of A Iter- times. And fo much for Amenca and its Iflandso Part Iff 1 Part 11. 4»7 3f right • Govcrnc A N jrofcfs'd, f APPENDIX, feverdl) I 11 the ma' lame of Te\ did obfer (land and 'i cry new Afi n of thin nc, mufi Cornprehendin g brief Account of the European Plantations in AJia , jifrick ^ and America : As alfo fome Rea-# fonable Propofals for the Propa- ^s;ation of the Blefled Gofpel in all Pagan Countries. IN running over the various Divifions of Afut^ Afrkk and Armrkay I have under vhc Title l^ Government tranfiently mention'd chofe Principal Kingdoms or States in Europe^ who arc moflly concern'd. in thofe Countries , but fince a more particular Account of the Tame is defir'd by feme, 1 fhall endea\^our to do it in thefe following Lines, — — jand then by way oi Conclufion to tlie whole Treatife, fliall fubjoin I , fome Propofals for the Propagation of the BlelTed Gofpel in all Pagan Counrries. To return to the firft. The chief of the European Nations, who have any Footing in Afi.i^ Af'jcli^ and Aincrku^ are thcle following, xi^. The Evgl'iih, The .Spaniards^ The Portninei-jy The French, The Dutch. The Danes, A Of all thefe in Order. §. I. To 4i8 An Appendix. Part II. Part] i I §. I. To the Englijh belong rVort St, George [alicer Madraffipatam] on Coaft CormancfeL Bombay Caftlc a. d Ifland, on the Weft Coaft of Decan. f'Carac.l ^ Trim!) Watch .— Triml)-Bafs ■ Port Nova fort St. Davids- Cud ulor Cunn.tmere' J>On Coaft Cormandeh A Trade . or Fafto- | Man/da J lories at <( Daca-^ ^^mtckpatam- Ar:^apore -^— ... Pettipnli Maffalipatam — Madapollam — Vkeagaparam — Bengal > Hugly .— Ballefire CaffumbeT^ar — - -J >»In the Gulf of Bengal Tutta Nutta Pattana Agra Cambaya Surat Amadarad — Barocb .— Callkut Carnar — *-- Gujfarat . Cambdia — BattkklLy — Durmjotonam- Tull) Cherey - Beattaer •la the Mogkh Empire- z) — I ! >0n the Coaft of Malabuf. j B: ingon : {JDdbul in Vccan* A • ^<;orl ries ^ Id Part II| Part IL M, A Trade Mocha — MackuUa Shahare - IKifen Durg£ — Doff are— Aden • Ifpahan ■ — Qombroone < Bajfora Smyrna in Njtolia, Aleppo in Syria. Achem Indrapma • Bengalis — Jamhe — I— . Eyer Banna An Appendix. 419 :-| 1 i>ra Arabia FxUx, I 7 Perfia. ^1 ?•<; or Fadto.< ^>'' ^'''^<^^'' Ties at I I'y-f^'^r^g, — :/. Mn the Ifland Sumatra. Bancokla ■ Silabar-— Peque — Tinnacore Cudda — .On the AUlay Coafl. Tunqueen ^ Canton I Erroy ^m China, fiocl^fieu^-^-...-^- Tefiampoo-Coid — Siam • . . ^ , , Camboida 5^" ^"^ Kingdom of Siam. Mindano in the Ifland Mindano, Borneo in the Ifland Borneo. Judda upon the Red Sea. I Afacajjur in the Ifle Celebes, but now cKpcU'd. .^Bantam in Java, till expell'd by the Dw^c/;, 1^82. 3f '^1 *' ^ >3l 4.20 yin Appeyidix. Part irf ^Tangier on the Coaft of Barbary near the Straits^ but now dcmol liil'ed. The Iflaad of St. Ndena, Weft of Ethhph^ S. Lat. i^ Degr. Jo rart . i In ^"Charles Fort upon an Ifland in the River Gambia, Sierra. d'Leon upon Bence Ifland, Lat. 8. d. lo m. N. ( Scrber a River -7^ i *- n -^ » _ >0n the Coaft Malgudte, Drurvyn — Rio d: St. Anciro- Jeaque Jeaque- C. St. Appolonia Axym'm CotrnrC'Bay. A Trade J Succundc or Fadto- On the Qiiaqua, Coaft. rn pa lar th jics at Of ho Cor j\ chief of all- Fyeder'ickshurg formerly Dani/h but fold to die Englijh >0n the Golden Coafl. Ann?j%.:m unforificd -k Amam :bou-- > -\ Aggitu^ of no defence ^ loxnjo ■"^ M'lem'M ^In the Kingdom of Loargo. \_Cubendu > — ^ ■ So :$ fKetv Epglmd- Nerv Torl^' Penfilvaniu •-. "^ » Alar/lutid I irgntia Carofina L Parcicu'irly mentioned from Page ^ to '^y8. i^As alfo they pofTefs Port ^tlj>n in Nudfon's b.iy. i ( ^:" ' I Ml '" S Th U Th Ac St., 7tTi ^'<^ c Fer Chit i^Scvc Part irP'art II. It now dcmoi Ati Appendix, Degr. tmh'ja. lo m.N.i \Hdte. )afl. '"Many fflandsj ^I^evofoundUnd in parr. Jamaica^ one of the greater Antilles, BemHdas, lying F. o{ Fhric/a, New Province, one of the Uca'ps, Long JJland, lying S. of AVk^ rori^. Angu'ULi- ^ Berb^dw 421 parricu- <{ St.Chr'iJhpher larly thofe of 3lden Coaft. Nevis- Antego Alonjerrat - Dominicii — St. Vincent- BarhAdoes-^ lobiigO' - — t Ten of the Citribee '^ Iflands. Some Settlements C Surinam at y Af,iyAri/> Alardne — :| On the Coaft of r^rr^ f Loitngo^ §.2. To the Sfa7iiards belong / Lucmj , .;■ '^ Tandaya— ., ^J Mindano— - l\'S. Juan ' / MindoYe r reft Six of the Pbjlipp'in, and moftof the Panay i ^ The Trade on the Weft Coaft of Africa. ^i The Canary Iflands, particularly mention'd, Page 544. ^Nen^ Spain, whofc Parliafnents are -^^OuadalaUrx. I . _ , , , COuatimala^ I A confiderable Part of New Mexico, _ , St. Matthews 5 ^" ^^^'^'''^''- Terra Pirnta, vvhofe Parliaments are^^ ^^^Awa. ; ^ Grunada, i^t?n/, whofc P.iiliamcnts are —- ^ — ^ Z/w^. Chili. (- ^' ^'' ^'''^*'' Chili. A great part of Paraguay, CCtiba, I. Several Iflands, particularly thofe of ^ /^p'lnioU XPort'Rico, §• ^. To I 422 An Appeyulix. §. 5. To the Fortngueze belong. Part n| j?art 1 I: \)^ ' ["Several Faftories in Perfia. Chaul, a aonfiderable Town AfafigAn, a little Village The Fores'? iWorra ^*" ^^^^^• of J'Caranga - Ekphanta Uland, near rhac of Bombay, Goa, with her FortrefTes and adjacenc Iflands j n«,!l* Dii4 Ifland and Citv, nc^r Gujarat, ^ I Macaco, upon the Coaft of China. c>«.- \ Commendo formerly Englijl} •n r •"/ St. George del Mina, chief of i **'" ^ Maurea or Fort M#« ^jiea, yvi.J ^orm^nO;' formerly Erghjh Crevicoeur — ■ ■ The City of Coro in the North of Terra Firma, Some ^^'^rts on the Coafl of Guyana. On the Go'd Coa(h ;.icly ap txtenr, iverfprci :thcr5, V Jur more ie fclfoi iihabited y^ueri] i Aruba — I Bon Airy- Saha i Iflands. EkJJachh' Three of the Sotovento l Two of the Caribecs ntar S, Cmt* LlThusa prn'on to ^is nielai ifilfcft ol 5.5. Part Il| iPart IL Si Appendix, 425 §. 6, To the Danes belong. " "^^Sr;: >on the Coafl of CortmndtU In Afrka is Chriftianburg or S. Frandfco X^vjer in Guinea, III America is A^ew Denmark in the North part thereof. right ihcl Thefe arc the chief of the European Planradons in Afix, Afiicl^^ and f America : And to chefe we might have here added the lateSetdement of ;hc Scots at Darien, had not that Unfortunate Colony met with repeated iifmal Difafters. Now follows the Utter part of the Appendix, contaiaing thme Reafonable Propofals for the Fropagation of the Blejjed Gofi)el in all Pagan Countries : efpecially thofe adjacent to the Englifli Plantations in North America. the QM lds> CraK* S- 6 . BY what hath been briefly faid in the forego! np;Treatife, concerning the State of AeZ/^/o/i in all Countries of the World, it may fuffici- ;!idy appear in general, That the ChrHHan Rclighn is of a very fmall txtcnr, if exaftly compared with thole many and vafl Countries wholly iverfpread with grols Idolater s^ numerous Mahomet anSy and many ;iherf, who either know nor, (or at lead) own nox^thcEkiXedMeffiis, Jut more particularly, this grcar and fad Truth may farther appear by le following Calculation, in^',cnioufly made by fome, who dividing the jihabited World into thirty Parts, do find that of 'em are polfefs'd by Blind and grnfs Idolaters, JfewSy Tkilis and Saracens, Thofe of the Greek Church. -ri r^,.c u^ y Church of ^omc. Thus67jr//lMn;/>' taken ill its larf^efl Latitude, bears no greater Pro- prtion to the other prolly falfe Religions, thau ¥\vc to Twenty five, i!iis melancholy Confidcration doth force me to bewail that woful fijicft of the bc^l k'jrc of the Chriftian Church, for not being fo Ff dili;j:nt Ir 'li I- ei ol lo ^^6 A7i Appendix. Part Hf |Pa diligent as others arc, in endeavouring to alwUfli fleathcnilli Ido^ larry, and that mod lan»entable Ignorance, which as yet oycr-ihadow^ eth lb great a rart of the inhabrtcd World. It's undrubrfi);| well known, that t',: effedtual rcrfbrmance of fuch a Wrik a| this, wouM require no inconliderahie Steck of Money (it beinj" now impraftiuhlc to make Solemn Miffions, or qualifie Men for rhcm without confiderable Charges) and yet a fuflficieiit V'und mii;hr be { eafily rais'd, that none could rcafonably comphin of the Burdcr Ihould the following Tropofals be fo happily made, as to n^ect \vich| due Reception. 1 " Did every Free-holder of the Three Kingdoms advance only fo ? 'j^ * *' One Year the five hundreth p^rt of his Yearly !n.\:mcs . Did rhof y^ ' Merchants of this great City (who are particularly rcncern'd inoi '^^^" Foreign Plantations, and daily imploy great Multitudes of Pa^;i| ^^^^ ** Slaves in their Service) allow the Two hundreth p Jargon :u6h U G Pard ."lole \ p you t his pur tc |ur ncv' the i llind, i lies of irtb^ < ihl\n6 Vones J hich V Part III !3theni(li I(|q# ovcr-ibjdo^v| undrubredif h a Wci'k j| -y ( it bcin(' len for them mii;hr be 1 the Burdc meet wichf MHce only fo| s . Did rhof ncern'd inoi udcs of Pa^iil of One Yeai gdoms (who( rs) appropnji 1 Revenues. ogechcr inc.ij macter were lat the Annul ■ly fome Pia I fince Ratior iues taught Money mi^ of young Scl number bfij o arford a ccj and be fjf at grfic WlI which irTipo r^ua^csj do iou5 niuhitu I] nice difTcK iviliz'd Nadi (.1 IT. pie of c was to OJc I extingu:ih Did we t ic ptobabiy *•' HuiuirJ Part II. An JppemUx. 427 " Hundreds of Clifiilians to live among the Natives, and thofe to " endeavour in the moft allurinc; manner to inflruft the younger fore " of the Indians in the Eng'ifh Tongue. J Then in the next or fol- " lowing Age we might addrcfs our felves to chofe blind Gentiles in '* our own Language, and lb inflilling in them by degrees, the Prin- " ciples ol:" Chriftianity, might thereby in a fhorc time, bring in many " Thoufands of Souls to the Sheepfold of the Paflor and Bifhop " of our Souls. I think it needlefs to exprefs how commendable (uch a Defign would be in itfelf; and how dcfirable the Promo- lion thereof (hould be to all who ftile themfelves ChriflianSj of what Party or Profcffion focver they are. And I humbly fuppofe it mighc be a Work (if unanimoufly minded by Chriftians) m re becoming the Followers of the Prince of Peace , than to be Abettors of the frequent Jarrs and Broils of Chrijlendom. Befides, there's certainly nothing that could prove more beneficial to the PubJick Good of this Nation, and particular Intereft of the Crown of England ; for did mofl (or many) of the Natives underftand or fpeak our own Language, [hen might we not thereby more exadlly difcover the In-land Parts of ihefe Countries , and with greater Security improve them to the ;reateft Advantage? Might we not thereby make Multitudes of idle, ivaudring Indians^ very ufeful to our En^///?; Colonies ; and then chiefly tmploy Europeans for the Guard and Safety of the Country. Yea, iid many ot the Natives but tolerably underiland and fpeak the £«^////j Tongue i then might we not (in all human Appearance) civilize ;hem entirely in a (Tiort time, and lb add many Thoufands of new £r^/i/7; Subjefts to the £n^////; Empire? All which are morally impof- iible now to be done^ fmce the numerous Dialedls of their barbarous Jargon^ together with their own B^nbarit), are asfo many Barrs againft '.ueh Undertakings. Great Sirs, Pardon thdc Propofals here offered to the ferious Confideration of lofe whom they chiefly concern \ and give me leave to declare un- 10 you how infinitely it would tend to the Glory of God, the Good f his Church, and Honour of our Nation \ did we finccrely cndea- our to extend the Limits of our Saviour's Kingdom, with thofe of ur new Dominions; and to fpread the true Reform d Religion j as far s the EngUfl} Sails have done for Tr^flfick , with what Anxiety of lind, and Fatigue ot Body, do we pierce into the remotcA Coua- ies of the World ? And all to heap up a little White and Telhw irtb^ or to purchale fome things (call'd frmoMX by Man) which bflratting humane lancy] do differ nothing from common Fibble tones ; and yet what a fupine negled doth attend us, in doing thac hich would bring more Honour to oui Holy Religion, nnd prove ac Ff2 Uft J 4^8 , , An appendix. Part laft more profitable to our fclvcs, than the aOual PoffclTion of thcJreafures in the Univcrfel What a lamenrable thing is it ! T| ihofe very. Indians who border npon the Engl'ifh Pale (not to mer fome thoufands of AV^roey who flave in our Service) fhould ftill coj nue in moft wretched Ignorance, and inftead of Knowing and \\ shipping the True God^ (hould as yet reverence not only Stociii Stones i but aifo adore the Devil himfcif ! Chriftians / Shall we cc and thirft after their Talents of Gold, and yet keep hid in a Nap| that Talent entrufted to us ? Shall we greedily bereave them of i[ Prec'tQtis Pearls, and not declare unto them the Knowledge of the Pe of Price ^ No \ no I let us not aft as others have done, in making G| our Gody and Gain the folc Defign of our Trading. But let us cffeSua improve thofe choice Opportunities (now in our hands) for the fingv Glory of our great God, and of Jefus Cbrift., our BlefTed Redcen And let our Planters duly confider, That to extirpate Natives, is rati a fupplanting than planting a new Colony ; and that it's far more nourable to overcome Pagam[m in one, than to deftroy a thoufand gans. Each Convert is a ConquejK Advertifement to the Bookbinder.' TThe World- Europe- ■before Page Scandinavia^ htrngSweden^ Denwarl^^6cc,' jMojcQvia ' . Frarxe -^ * Cermarj — .. . Poland . ■ ^ . Spain and Portugal ^<; Italy Turhy in Europe- Scotland — - England- Ireland^ Ajia Africa — — - \Amer'm^ 2 — 2 11.. >«■■ ^ rt oi ! Tl ler col M b cc f t[ \ Pe am ingi cer rati re Dd Page — 2 — 2