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 ^^V-^vvV'.Z 
 
A SEQUEL TO "WHAT SETTLERb SAY. 
 
 }i 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY 
 
 OF TUB 
 
 CANADIAN NOETH-WEST 
 
 -A. SIJii^FLE STJ^TE3^BiTT 
 
 / 
 
 or Toi 
 
 EXPEKIENCES OF WOMEN 
 
 SETTLED IN ALL PARTS Of 
 
 IS^-A-3^ITOB.A. 
 
 AND THC 
 
 NORTH-WEST TERRITORIES. 
 
 1886. 
 

 Ak. 
 
 
 CON-TENTS. 
 
 Advice to New Comers 
 
 " Are you Contented' " 
 
 Churches , 
 
 Cl.inate 
 
 Clothing, Prices of 
 
 ^■'"rying 
 
 Dressmakers, Demand for 
 
 Forming the New Hi-n-.c 
 
 Indian Question 
 
 Introduction 
 
 Milliners, Demand for 
 
 Poultry Raising 
 
 Provisions, Prices of 
 
 i>^'hools 
 
 Sirvant Gills, Demand fur 
 
 Shall the Family accompai y the Settler? 
 Success of Settlers 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 llors-e Road over the Rocky Mountains 
 
 Uu'Appdle Valley, Harvesting 
 
 Rtsidcncf, St. John's, Manitoba 
 Saskatchewan River, above the Rapids 
 
 rAGB 
 
 lO 
 
 43 
 
 '4 
 
 3<> 
 
 %6 
 3« 
 
 5 
 
 40 
 
 3 
 
 38 
 26 
 
 19 
 3a 
 
 3 
 43 
 
 ••• ••• 
 
 18 
 
 38 
 
 7 
 
 
 u 
 
 
» 
 
 OK THK 
 
 CANADIAN NORTH-WEST 
 
 1 
 
 .1 
 
 I 
 
 Wirn the mother, wife, or sister, or family, very often rests in a large degree the answer 
 to the tirst question : " Shall we emigrate?" and also to the second question, " Where shall we 
 make our new home ? " It was with a view to issist in the replies to these questions that letters 
 were, in the month of September, 1885, sent out to as many women throughout the Canadian 
 Xorth-West as could be addressed with accuracy. No selection was made in sending out the 
 (luestions, for none was possible ; and in the publication of the replies on the various points, 
 <.'vcry care has been taken to preserve the thoroughly representative character of the 
 pamphlet by giving replies of every class and excluding none that would be likely to help 
 to a better understanding of the true condition of affairs in the North-West. The replies 
 stand just as they were written, and tell their own tale with a force possessed by no elaborate 
 reports upon the country from mere visitors. The originals may be seen at any time on appli- 
 cation to Alexander Begg, Canadian Pacific Railway Offices, 88, Cannon Street, London, E.G. 
 It should perhaps be added that by some miscarriage a few of the letters — probably under 
 a dozen — fell into the hands of men settlers. As this pamphlet deals exclusively with what 
 women say, the replies of such have, of course, bctMi omitted. 
 
 SHALL THE FAMILY ACCOMPANY THE INTENDING 
 
 SETTLER 7 
 
 This is an important matter, the settlement of which confronts the intending settler upon the 
 very commencement of his preparations for leaving the old country. The question addressed vn 
 this point asked, "Would you recommend an emigrant to bring his wife and family with him 
 from the old country, or leave them behind till he has a home leady for them ? " It will 1 e 
 seen from the replies that many advise that the family shall accompany the new settler, as in a 
 large number of cases they are found a comfort and an incentive to energy and speedy settlement. 
 If the intending settler goes out with sufficient capital to allow of his placing his family in comfort 
 able lodgings in one of the towns or cities of the North-West while he himself is "locating" his 
 farm and erecting comfortable quarters, then it may, in most cases, be advisable to take wife and 
 family in the first instance. If, on the other hand, the emigrant has little or no capital, but 
 intends, by becoming a farm-hand, to assist some resident farmer, and thus gain experience and 
 capital, it then becomes a question whether the wife and family arc accustomed to farm work, or 
 could be of assistance on a farm. If so, little difficulty should be experienced during the season in 
 securing situations for all — it may been one farm — and the family circle could thus be maintained 
 until the head of the family has launched out into farming on his own account. If the wife and 
 
 I 
 
 ^ » 11 JL 
 
 G7 
 
4 WHAT WOMBN SAY OF THE CANVDIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 family be not so suited to farm life, it will probal)ly be most advantageous to leave them in the 
 old country until a home be provided in the new land. 
 
 'liie most re|^rcsent;itive replies run as follows. They are written from all parts of the 
 country, as may be seen on reference to the full names and postal addresses given in the replies 
 to subsequent (|iicstions. 
 
 Adshead, Mrs. Raciiael. — " If they are used to work bring them with him, as expense will be- 
 lighter to bring all in one removal." 
 
 Andkrson, Mrs. M. G. — " I should say come early in the spring (say end of March), bring wife and 
 family ; they will b; of irreat assistance in forming a comfortable home quickly." 
 
 Asiinv, Mrs. E. " Yes, bring them, as he can rent a house in the country at very small cost, 
 especially if some of them are old enough to be useful." 
 
 Biccid, Mrs. K. S. — " Let him bring his family, but early in the Spring, so that he can have a home 
 ready for Winter." 
 
 Br:i,i., .Mis. Helkn. — " I would recommend the wife and family to come with the father. I and 
 eight children came with my husband." 
 
 BuTHUNK, Mrs. A. — " If he has money enough to spare to pay for their board while he is looking 
 around, by all means take ihem with him. Some women have more pluck than men, and are more 
 anxious to jjet settled." 
 
 Brow.n, Mrs. John.—" I stayed behind, but I would prefer going along." 
 
 Brown, Mrs. (Revd.) N. — " If he has a little means it would be better for them to come together, 
 if not, he had better come first and get a home ready." 
 
 BurciiKK, Mrs. G. — " I believe he should bring his wife and family if his wife be fairly healthy, and 
 his children of pretty good size, so that one can help the other to surmount the difficulties of settlement ; 
 but come in the Spring." 
 
 CAMJ'BiiLL, Mrs. R. — " By all means bring wife . " -lily along, as there are too many single men 
 here now." 
 
 Chkasm'v, Mrs. Georgf. — " If the family is sn^ .:i, leave them ; if grown up, bring them. There 
 will be lots of work for them." 
 
 CosGRovE, Mrs. James B. — " Bring family by all means. A family arrived six weeks ago (August, 
 1885), from Birmingham, England, and they are well suited." 
 
 Cresar, Mrs. William. — " If he has some means, he had better bring them ; if not, he had better 
 leave them for a year after becomes." 
 
 Davies, Mrs. (Ri.vd.) P. W. — " I believe they would do just as well to bring them right along if 
 they come as early as possible in the Spring. They can have a house and be in it before Winter." 
 
 DovDEN, Mrs. A. — " I came in the Spring with my husband, and think it was the better plan." 
 
 Foley, Mrs. R. D.— " Yes, if he has means to make them comfortable, bring them." 
 
 Forbes, Mrs. G. — " Certainly, bring them along and do the best till they get a home. A house 
 can be easily got." 
 
 Franklin, Mrs. B. — " Bring them if it is warm weather, and camp out till he can build a log-h >use." 
 
 GowLER, Mrs. A. — " I think it would be best, as a house can be got for a trifle, and food i , cheap 
 and plentiful." 
 
 Gregory, Annie. — " If he intends to purchase land, bring them with him. If he intends to settle 
 on uncultivated land, leave them behind until he has a home ready for them." 
 
 Hall, Mrs. W. B. — " In most cases a home is sooner secured by all emigrating together." 
 
 ^Hanson, Mrs. J. D.—" According to his means. If a son and daughter came with the father they 
 could go and work out, and learn the ways of the country, and make friends ; so that when the whole 
 family came they would not feel so lonely, and be able to show how things require to be done in the 
 North-West." 
 
 Hanev, Mrs. A. W.— " I would bring every soul of them." 
 
 f\ 
 
 
WHAT WOMEN SAY Ol THE CANADIAN NORTH-WfcST. ^ 
 
 HuDDM-STONE, Mrs. T.— " My advice is, if the emi^'r.mt is a farmer, to bring his wife and family, 
 rent a farm for a year, and lnok out for land, leaving his family on the farm ; or if an emigrant has 
 means of support for a year, bring his family with him. House rent is low here.* 
 
 Jeffery, F^avinia. — " l)y all means ; we have already too many bachelors." 
 
 I.EECii, Mrs. John. — " i think a man with small capital had better leave his family behind till he 
 gets settled." 
 
 McDonald, Mrs. A. G. — " If he has a working family I would advise him to bring them along 
 with him. A man cannot farm alone very well." 
 
 McKay, Mrs. (Revd.) M. — " Bring the family with him. A house can easily be secured, when a 
 family can make a home far quicker. Or even a farm, costing next to nothing, might be rented with 
 advantage for a year." 
 
 McKay, Mrs. Philip. — "A man should provide a home for his family before they come here. A 
 newly married couple might come together." 
 
 McKenzie, Mrs. Jean. — " I came here with my father's family from Scotland to Ontario, in 1843, 
 and married there, ard came with my husband and family here, so others can suit themselves. Pl«nty 
 of work to do for them here, if willing, and plenty to eat." 
 
 McRayne, Mrs. J. A. — " Anyone having money to keep their family for six months, bring them." 
 
 Marlatt, Mrs. S. R. — " Preferable, I think, to bring his family and leave them in one of our large 
 towns, as houses are plentiful, rents low, and living reasonably cheap." 
 
 Proctor, Mrs. H. — " Bring them with him ; there are few difficulties now to contend with since 
 the Canadian Pacific Railway has been opened." 
 
 Roddick, Mrs. G. — " It is better to come together, as there is no difficulty now in obtaining 
 supplies and house to rent at a moderate figure." 
 
 Rose, Mrs. H. — " If he has means to provide for them there, most decidedly bring them along, and 
 apply that means in making a house for them here." 
 
 Stirton, Mrs. James. — " Bring them by all means. The wife is an important factor in commencing 
 a homestead." 
 
 Sumner, Mrs. J. Q. — " If they are all willing to take a hand in making the home they should come 
 by all means." 
 
 Sutherland, Mrs. J. — " A strong family, willing to work, should come together ; but each family 
 should decide for themselves." 
 
 Whimster, Mrs. M. — "That would depend upon the means at his disposal. A man with a few 
 boys growing up would do better to take them along with him, if possible with a little capital, and with 
 a thrifty growing family, using strict economy, their success would be ensured." 
 
 Yeoman, Mrs. G. M. — " Bring every chick and child, unless there is some strong reason for not 
 doing so ; they will all help to pull through, and foel all the better for havinef done so, even if it is a 
 severe tug. I speak from experience." 
 
 
 FORMING THE NEW HOME. 
 
 A very general opinion seems prevalent among intending settlers, and especially among 
 those of the female sex, that the formation of a home in such new countries as the Canadian 
 North-West, is accompanied with almost unheard-of hardships and privations. In the very early 
 days, when no railways traversed the country, when one's destination had to be reached by long 
 and most tedious journeys in stage coach, or on a loosely-put-together buggy, the act of settlement 
 was undoubtedly something to be looked forward to with hesitation and even dread. But things 
 have much altered since those days. The railway takes the intending settler and his family 
 almost to the threshold of his new home. There will generally be found people of the same race 
 speaking the same language, and for the most part always ready to lend a helping hand to the new- 
 
m 
 
 6 WHAT WOMKN SAY OF THR CANADIAN NORTH-WEST, 
 
 cnnier. One sof)n th(*refore learns tf) feel at home, and can apply oneself to make the farm a 
 prosperous one, and tlie home one of comfort and contentment. 
 
 The questions asked on this point were twofold, aiul, as will be seen by the replies, covei 
 the whole ^'round : — 
 
 (t) Did you experience any difTicu'iyor hardship in commencinjj your home in the Norlh- 
 VVest, and does your present position co ;ipensate for any inconvrcuicnce or trials you may have 
 endured ? 
 
 (2) Did you find difficulty in acco nmodatin;,' yourself to the methods of home life peculiar 
 ii; a new country like the North-West, and have you any sug^jostion to make on this point for 
 the benefit of the new comer ? 
 
 Mrs. W. E.Abbott, of Emerson : — "i. Nohirdship whatever. 2. None whatever ; I was muc!. 
 suprised finding everything so convenient." 
 
 Mks. R. Adshbad, of St. Charle-i : — "i. Pl"nty of trouble in coming to Red River before th* 
 advent of railroads or steamboats, but am well satisfied now. 2. No; our e.xpf'rience wa-i auift-d to t!i(? 
 N.W. Strangers will find a little difference in the social r^ilations, being murefre«iand less constrained.' 
 
 Mrs. James P. Ai.exa.nder, of Sourisford P.O. : — " i. We experienLcil *• th difficulty a 1 1 
 hardship, but faith in the future of our alopted coun'.''y was stroiiq, and wu hcive not oeen disappo!nte<l. 
 2. We found no difficulty on this point. Let the newcomer m<ike up his mind to ada;!t hipisdf to the 
 circumstances in which he finds himself ; he will have to souner or lat<?r, if he would succeed." 
 
 Mrs. S. Bali.anty.vb, of Emerson: — " i. There may be a few difficulties or inconvenience to 
 eniount'-T, but really no hardships, and these are m ire than compensated tor by knowing tlia": vou have 
 a home which you can call your own, and no landlord. 2. Those wlih means need find no difference. 
 Those without will probnbly find little also," 
 
 Mrs. H. Bakti.ett, of Gr/gg Farm, Brando j : — " i. Ilnve not had any hardships yet. 2. Nu 
 difficulty. Be prepared to do pleny of work to succeed we!!.' 
 
 Mrs. N. B.\rti.ev, of Watt-^view: — " i. Not any pa>-ticnlar diificnlty but a little inconvenience 
 the fiist season, as we lived in ten's until a house could be built. 2. None whatever. I rather like iu 
 It is novel, and there is a feeling of freedom and independetice." 
 
 Mrs, S. J. Batcock, of Brookwood Farm, Orange Ridge: — " I. To the first part of this que-fion, 
 yes, as we had then to go 100 miles for our provisions. To the second, yes, as we now have railway 
 and market within a day's journey, schools and churches. 2. I found, as ail must, the want of home 
 with frienels and associations, but after once settled make up your mind that you are going to put up 
 with a little inconvenience and you will soon be satisfied." 
 
 Mrs. E. Beesley, of Marlborough, near Moose Jaw: — " 1. Very little difficulty, no hardship > 
 Fully compensated. 2. No difficulty; would suggest to bring plenty of warm woollen clothes with 
 them and no furniture, as it can be purchased here as needed." 
 
 Mrs. a. Bell, of Portage la I'rairie: — " i. Difficulties experiepced ten years ago, do not exist now 
 owing to railways, &c,, &c. Yes, 2. No, except coming among strangers. ' 
 
 Mrs. a. Bethunk, of Archibald : — " i. We experienced a little difficu'ty, which is but natural in 
 a new country, and wiiich we exjiected on arrival, but nothing to what oar people went through and 
 put up with in Ontario, in sc'tling in early days. V/e are now quite comfortable and desire no change, 
 only we are trying to get more land." 
 
 Mrs. W. Bowen, of Calgnry: — "i. None. I have since married, and think I am well compensated. 
 2. None. A new comar should take the people as he finds them, and he will soon get into the Western 
 irode of living." 
 
 Mrs. a. J Bridgman, of Medicine Hat: — " i. Yes, we were a little inconvenienced at first, but 
 I am glad I came, and intend to stay. 2. No. Incoming settlers will do well to take people just as 
 they find them. There are some mean people in every rommunitv. I like the people in the 
 North-West." 
 
 f 
 
WHAT WOMKN SAY OF TUP. CANADUN NORTH-WRST. 
 
 IHE SAbKATCUKWAN KIVEK, AUOVE THfc; RAPIUS. 
 
 Mrs. E. Broadguest. of Turtle Mountain : — " i. We had a little inconvenience the first season 
 coming in, as there were no bridges on the rivers or creeks, nor even ferry boits, but that has been all 
 altered lately. 2. One does not live so very different to anyone e ise. Anyone can easily accommodate 
 themselves to any little change necessary." 
 
 Mrs. E. Brown, of Drumconner: — "i. Not much. 2. No'.e whatever. I rather enjoy the change." 
 
 Mrs. N. Brown (Rev.), of High Bluff : — " i. Have never experienced any hardships, and think it a 
 very easy country to get settled in. The only difficulty is in obtaining help. Would not like to leave 
 it. 2. No more difficulty here than in any otiier country ; but any woman coming here should understand 
 housekeeping as efficient hired help is scarce." 
 
 Mrs. R. Campbell, of Bridge Creek : — " i. When we came here we had to travel by waggon 
 from Winnipeg, on very bad roads. It is different now, as the railway runs past our door. 2. No 
 difficulty." 
 
 Mrs. a. M. Chrisp, of Prendwick, Elkhorn : — " i. I did not experience any hardships in 
 commencing my home here, my husband being out a year before, and had a good house built before 
 bringing me out. 2. No ; because I adhere to the English customs." 
 
 Mrs. C. C. Clitten, of Bird's Hill:—" i. No difficulty or hardship. 2. No difficulty. Would 
 suggest that women coming to this country who have not been accustomed to domestic work should try 
 and learn that art, especially bread-making." , 
 
 Mrs. J. B. CoSGROVE,of Menota: — " 1. Small houses are inconvenient for a while, but no hardship. 
 I am well satisfied in having made the change. 2. It makes no difference, apparently, what a person's 
 state in life has been heretofore. They all seem to j^et right, and to work contentedly. Costly fine 
 clothing is not required. Bring plenty of good old conntr_> underclothing and bedding." 
 
 f 
 
8 
 
 WH VV WOM^N SAT OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WBST. 
 
 Mrs. J. W. Davidson, of Rapid City : — " i. I did not, as my husband had a home for me before I 
 was marrieJ. We are doing well considering the small capital we had to begin with. 2. No; this 
 country is as natural^as any other, and its ways are easily learnt." 
 
 Mrs. p. W. Davies (Rev.), of Chater : — " x. Certainly there were some things that were rather hard 
 to bear, such as living in very small houses, being a long distance from town, and for a short time being 
 without a school, and with limited gospel privileges; but those things soon come around all right. 
 2. I cannot say that I did. I came determfned to stay and make my home in the country, and have 
 been so well pleased with it that I have had no desire to ^'o back. We want people of determination 
 and enL "^'v, who are willing to begin at the bottom and work their way up, unless they have means to 
 begin at the top with." 
 
 Mrs. J. DoDDS, of Sunnyside: — " i. It is like other parts of the world, the less capital you have 
 the more difficult it is to start. I had 8s. ^d. when I got to Manitoba, and would sell now for about 
 ;^2,ooo. a. None. 
 
 *' A pretty little wife, as a partner for life, 
 And a thousand or two in the bank ; 
 And a good friend who is honest and true, 
 Is just the thing for Frank.' " 
 
 Mrs. a. Gowler, of Assiniboine P.O. : — " I. It was very hard then, but altogether different n«w, 
 as the country is more advanced. I am very well satisfied; we are very comfortable." 
 
 Mrs. a. GREeoRY, of Ninga P.O., Turtle Mountain : — " i. As this district was unsettled when 
 we came out, the life was at first necessarily rough, but subsequent comforts and present position quite 
 compensate for eafrly inconveniences. 2. None whatever. Leave English prejudice at home, and copy 
 Canadians in sundry small household matters." 
 
 Mrs. R. Hodnett, of Birtle: — " i. Provisions were scarce and dear, and many of the necessaries 
 of life were difficult to procure, but all that is past now. 2. Adaptation seems peculiar to the people 
 here, and all who come must try that virtue. Drop prejudices, and resolve on succeeding." 
 
 Mrs, L. Jeffery, of Minnedosa: — " i. There is always more or less difficulty in commencing 
 home in a new country, but patience, perseverance and trust in God overcome all. The star of hope 
 now shines before us, and the future of the N.W. bids fair to be glorious. 2. I have never found any 
 difficulty on this point." 
 
 Mrs. a. Johnston, of Mowbray: — " i. I experienced none, and my present position fully 
 compensates for any inconvenience. 2. I, being from Ontario, had no difficulty. The thought of coming 
 to the N.W. nearly broke my heart, but now I am settled I never felt happier." 
 
 Mrs. J. Kelly, of Morris : — " i. Only the dearness of provisions, which are quite cheap now, and 
 my present position compensates. 2. Not the least difficulty, our part being settled with the best of 
 Ontario people. It is best for new comers to husband their resources." 
 
 Miss E. Lawford, of Rossburn : — " i. Not a great many, though no one expects to get a home 
 for themselves without some hardships, though there are not one quarter of the hardships as experienced 
 by the first settlers in Ontario. We had only £i and no stock, but now have a good farm pretty well 
 stocked. 2. Yes, just at first, but the fact that you have no rent to pay, and everythingyou do towards 
 making your home comfortable is your own for life, encourages one. Lining the house with felt paper 
 makes the house snug for winter." 
 
 Mrs. G. LirsKTT, of Meadow Lea: — "i. Considerable difficulty, but present position sufficient 
 compensation. 2. Yes, at first, from absence of society, but it is quite different now." 
 
 Clementina Livingstone, of Lake Francis : — " i. I did, many, and my present position does not 
 make up or compensate for them. 2. I do not like Canadian home life." 
 
 Mrs. M. Lowe, of St. Agatha : — " i. My husband was £,2 in debt when we landed at his father's 
 place. We had nothing but willing hands and fair management, and to-day we are worth between 
 ;^i,ooo and .^i,6oo, with an incumbrance of £^0. 2. A family coming here with ;fioo or jf200 in cash 
 can settle down nicely, and ii: a few years will be surprised (if thrifty) how soon they become 
 comfortable." 
 
 Mrs. L. J. Lowes, of Carberry: — " i. Hardship, none. Position comfortable and convenient to 
 railway, churches and village schools. 2. Had no difficulty whatever, as my husband came out first and 
 had things comfortable when I came." 
 
 Mrs. M. McKay (Rev.), of Strathclair :— " i. Upon the whole, we enjoy life in the North- 
 Wtst well. With money one can get all the luxuries of city lifb, and without you can get comfort here 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
i 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OP THE CANADIAN NORTH-VEST 9 
 
 for which you have to pay handsomely in a city. 2. If one has means he can make himself all right, 
 but with or without much means let there be good habits, since without these people who should have 
 done well have miserably failed." 
 
 Mrs. G. Murdoch, of Calgnry, N.W.T : — " i. My home was provided by my husband before I 
 came. He is so well satisfied th.it he would not leave here and go elsewhere. 2. I conformed to the 
 habits of the country, and advise all who come to at once do the same, or else stay where they are." 
 
 Mrs. C. F. Newman, of Ossowo : — " 1. I am very well satisfied, and am glad that I did emigrate. 
 2. I found a very great difference between this and the old country, but find it very convenient when 
 used to it." 
 
 Mrs. a. Orr, of De Clare : — " i. My hi-sband was here two years before my arrival, and I have 
 not experienced any difficulties or trials since I came. 2. No. You can get anything in this country 
 as well as in any other, if you have plenty of money." 
 
 Mrs. J. W. Parker, of Blythefield : — " i. Coming in 1872, want of society, schools, and a great 
 many other things made it hard, but these difficulties are to a great extent things of the past, and 
 independence and a sure prospect for one's children in this new country compensate for many draw- 
 backs. 2. No Canadians have difficulty in accommodating themselves to any circumstances, and no 
 one with reason and common sense need have any such difficulties in a country settled and controlled 
 by Canadians." 
 
 Mrs. H. Proctor, of Woodlands: — " i. We have had no more hardships than could have been 
 expected in any new country, and up to the present have been well repaid with thanks for such a 
 providential change of home. 2. The difficulties are easily overcome. We have friends all round, by 
 showing ourselves friendly." 
 
 Mrs. M. Ramsey, of Stuartburn : — " i. Coming from a city, and at the time we came, I certainly 
 did experience many privations that settlers may now avoid in our part of the country (Stuartburn), as 
 a person can now rer a farm and house till he has time to look up a homestead. 2. Yes, I found it 
 difficult, not being accustomed to farming, and of course found it a great change; but the novelty was 
 pleasing, and now I like it." 
 
 Mrs. H. Shaw, of Calgary: — " i. Being accustomed to European luxuries, and in as good, if not 
 better, position at home than I can expe:t to be here, I scarcely know how to answer this question. 
 Hardships none; inconveniences many, as it takes three or four years to convert bare prairie into a 
 comfortable farm. 2. No." 
 
 Mrs. J. H. Slater, of Balmoral: — "i. I had a little difficulty at first. I am satisfied with my 
 present position. No one need endure hardships if they have money enough to keep them one and a half 
 or two years. 2. Not the least in accommodating myself to the methods of the country." 
 
 Mrs. R. H. Smith, of Ninette : — " i. Yes ; distance from market stores and post-office were great 
 drawbacks at first, but present position compensates. 2. Houses seemed inconveniently small at first, 
 but I soon got accustomed to that. Every person having a family should get cow, pig, and hens 
 at once." 
 
 Mrs. W. Smith, of Almasippi : — " i. It was hard at first, but I would not like to leave it now to 
 go back to city life again. We are very comfortable he*-'* " 
 
 Mrs. H. L. Stewart, of Meadow Lea: — " i. Yes, trom inexperience of the ways of the country; 
 but present position compensates. 2. No, though the winter is a very cold one, do not feel it as much 
 as in the old country, on account of the dryness of the climate. One requires good, strong, warm 
 clothing." 
 
 Mi'.s. J. Sutherland, of Kildonan East : — " i. My parents came to this country with little or 
 no money, but by exercising ordinary economy and industry were in comfortable circumstances at my 
 earliest recollection, raising a family of 10 children, I being the third. 2. Any emigrant should be 
 prepared to meet some difficulties and privation the first year or two, unless posseised of a few hundred 
 dollars in cash on arrival." 
 
 Mrs. J. M. Sutherland, of Virden : — " 1. I had no hardship; my husband came as'a missionary 
 of the Presbyterian church, and situations and houses were ready for us. 2. It is the general opinion 
 thcit a woman must work harder here than at home, but my work is not different." 
 
 "^Mr M. J. Taylor, of Bale St. Paul : — " i. Starting in life, as we did, with little means at our 
 command, we experienced some hardships, but are now in comfortable circumstances. 2. There is very 
 little difficulty on this point, and a new comer very soon gets into our mode of living." 
 
lO 
 
 WHAT V(rOM&lr SAY Of THE CANADIAN NORTH-WBST. 
 
 Mrs. R. p. Thompson, of Miami : — " i. Very little. Yes, more than compensated, and I think 
 if a few hundred people from the old coun'^y were here their answer would be the same. 3. Yes ; at 
 first we felt the want of the comforts ot our old home, but we soon accustomed ourselves to (file 
 new one." 
 
 Mrs S. Thompson, of Beaver Creek: — " i. A little ; at first we had no school, now we have a 
 school beside us, meeting every Sunday, and things looking comfortable. 2. A little hard at first, soon 
 got used to it." 
 
 Mrs. Henry West of Clear Springs P.O., Man.: — " i. Yes; because we had little or no means 
 to start with We worked hard, and a kind Providence has blessed our labours with success. We have 
 4 horses 26 head of cattle, and kinds of machinery necessary for a farm. 2. We found no difficulty. 
 A stranger may soon get acquainted with the methods of Canadian life," 
 
 ADVICE TO NEW COMERS. 
 
 The following answers are given to the request " Kindly give any advice that may be of 
 service to incoming mothers, wives, daughters, sisters, and any practical information or any 
 household receipt that may be of service to them." In these answers much will be found of 
 service and valre to the intending settler. 
 
 Mrs. ] Alexander, of Sourisford, Southern Manitoba: — "Bring plenty of blankets and bedding, 
 also body-clothes. A good supply of yarns is useful. Bring no furniture or kitchen furnishings." 
 
 Mrs S. Ballantvne, of Emerson, Southern Manitoba : — " Men with means or men without 
 means who are paying rents in the old country will certainly better their condition by coming here. If 
 poor, those of the family old enough to work will find employment, and thus aid the family in getting 
 a start, and our Canadians are very charitable in the way of helping decent poor men to erect buildings 
 without charge, and they also aid such in many other ways. I was born in Scotland, lived there till I was 
 21 years of age, and emigrated to the Province of Quebec, lived there over two years, came to Ontario, 
 lived on a farm 18 years, in the city 14 years, and in Manitoba over 8 years, and should know of what I 
 speak, and I must say without fear of contradiction, or an attempt at such, by any person who has 
 lived in Manitoba, that for soil, climate, weather and delightful seasons, it stands unrivalled by any 
 country yet known. Our present fall weather cannot be equalled in any -ountry on the globe." 
 
 Mrs. N. Bartlev, of Wattsview: — " Plenty of good, warm clothing, also bedding, dishes, knives 
 and forks, and any useful article (such as a sewing machine, if a good one) that can be packed easily, 
 instead of disposing of it for a trifle, as is generally the way when setting out and leaving their homes." 
 
 Mrs. E Beeslev, of Marlborough, near Moose Jaw : — " Would wish all to come who are willing 
 to work. They will soon make for themselves and families comfortable homes, and will be independent, 
 as tliere is plenty of good land to be easily obtained. It is a healthy climate. I can write from 
 experience, as I came myself in poor health, and since settling here have enjoyed the best of health, and 
 have not paid one cent for medicine." 
 
 Mrs. A. Bf.tiiune, of Archibald, Southern Manitoba: — "Families should first husband their 
 finances to the greatest extent roisible, only buying for the first year or two those articles they cannot 
 possibly do without, and don't pay anybody for anything you can do yourself. Be sure your farm is 
 high and dry before you spend a dollar on it. On arrive, get your garden planted with the necessary 
 vegetable seeds, look after your garden well, have your cellar frost-proof, get a few little pigs from your 
 neighbours, and buy nothing that you can raise ; buy a cow and feed her well, and if you don't get along 
 v/ell in Manitoba you won't do so anywhere else, I'll assure you." 
 
 Mrs. N. Brown (Rev.), of High Bluff, Man. : — " This is a splendid country for industrious people, 
 but every one coming here should kno.v how to work. There is nothing here that I consider any draw- 
 back to people who wish to make a good home for themselves, Of course they must not expect the 
 same luxuries and social advantages of older countries. Although the winter here is very cold, yet the 
 air is dry and healthy, and (although 25 years of age when I left England, and consequently knowing 
 all about U) I prefer the winters here to those in England." 
 
 Mrs. E. Butcher, of G'endinning, Man.: — "All the advice I can give to those coming out is not 
 to expect too much the first or second year, but with industry and perseverance, a contented disposition, 
 and a willingness to be cheerful under any difficulties that may arise, and in the course of a few years 
 
WHAT WOMEN SAV Ot THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 II 
 
 any family can make themselves a comfortable home. I suppose the cold winter is the greatest 
 objection intending emigrants have to Manitoba. 1 have now been here four winters, and certainly we 
 have some "cold weather, but neither myself nor children have suffered from the cold. We have a 
 comfortable log houEc, and our stove keeps up and downstairs warm. It is now the 9th of 
 November (1885), and we ploughed up to the 3rd; last year we ploughed until the 16th. I have not felt the 
 cold more than in Ontario, in which country I was born and raised, although we have more de,o;rees of 
 frost ; the air being drier, t'.ie cold does not seem to penetrate as much. I have been out riding with the 
 thermometer 25 degrees below zero and in a blinding snowstorm, yet did not suffer from cold. Of course 
 1 was well and warmly clothed." 
 
 Mrs. G. BuTc^iER, of Russell P.O., Shell River, Man.: — " Don't be preju<liced in your minds in 
 f.ivour of English methods of cooking, baking, washing, &c., or be too proud to ask advice when you 
 come. You will find ntw methods here more suited to th'^ country and your altered circumstances. 
 Every housekeeper here learns to be baker, laundress, tailoress, soap and candle maker, and dairy- 
 V Oman. New settlers can be taken by the hand by earlier arrivals, and information, recipes, etc., are 
 freely tendered to those desirous of learning. There is great social freedom amongst settlers, so that it 
 would be superfluoua to give any recipes. Learn to knit, bring plenty of good woollen underclothing, 
 fishermen's knitted jerseys, and boys' good tweed suits. Boys' clothing here is difficult to obtain." 
 
 Mrs. S. Chambers, of Birtle, Man.-. — " Provide yourselves with warm substantial clothing for the 
 winter, strong boots, etc. Do not burden yourselves with heavy articles ci furniture. Our houses arc 
 small, and all that is necessary can be procured here. 1 have kept tender house-plants blooming in the 
 winter here. The summers arc delightful," 
 
 Mrs. a C. Clarke, of West half of Sec. 34, Tp. i, Range 15 West, Cartwright : — " 1 would advise 
 mothers a. id wives to bring lots of girls with them. Daughters and sisters, come prepared to go 
 housekeeping for some poor bachelor." 
 
 Mrs, C. C. Clitten, of Bird's Hill : — " To women settling in the country would suggest that they 
 pay some attention to gardening, and bring seeds with them ; all the small fruits grow in great 
 perfection here. Make a point of setting out raspberries, currants, and strawbe.ries, as soon as possible ; 
 these aP. grow wild here, and of very fine flavour, and they also add so mich to the comfort of the 
 home. Native hops and grapes are here, and I am told that the cultivated cherry and fine plum do 
 well here planted in bluffs, only enough cleared for their growth, the native trees protecting them till' 
 they get their growth, then clear away from them." 
 
 Mrs. W. Cooper, of Treheme : — " If you intend to help to farm — i. Bring good, warm, strong, 
 serviceable clothing; study comfort in choosing, more than fashion. 2. If your husband's means arc 
 small, be sure to do your utmost to have a cow, some chickens and pip^. 3. Lend a helping hand to 
 the men. not supposing it is out of ? woman's sphere, as the first year brings lots of extra work on the 
 men. 4. Pay as you go, if possible. 5. Bring a few simple medicines with you, or procure them 
 in town, before going in the country on your farm." 
 
 Mrs. p. W. Davies, (Rev.), of Chater : — " Do not come thinking to have a fortune in a year or so. 
 Many have come expecting this ; some have succeeded in it, others have been disappointed. Too many 
 come expecting to commence here just where they left off in some other country, where perhaps their 
 parents or friends have been years working away to get the home they are leaving. Of course they will 
 be disappointed, for they cannot have everything at their hands just as they have in old settled places. 
 But come determined that, with the blessing of God, you will have a home for yourself and children, 
 and do not be above work, but rather willing to turn your hand to any respectable work that may 
 present itself, and there is sure success." 
 
 Mrs. D. G. Dick, of Dominion City : — " Do not come expecting to find a ParaUiie. Eve was the 
 only woman that found one, and bhe was not contented in it." 
 
 Mrs. J. D. Hanson, of Oakdale Park, Turtle Mountain: — "Bring warm flannels and long 
 stockings or socks — any quantity. Canton flannel garments keep out the wind well, but this clothing 
 rarely required. Thick strong boots and cork soles, cloth slippers, rubber cloaks and coats, shawls, 
 scarves and mits. Chamois leather vests made long over hips, and ulsters lined with chamois or rubber 
 to the waist. Blankets, light and dark colour; railway rugs, warm. Feather beds, if accustomed to 
 them ; pillows, leaving out one for each traveller. Bring all kinds of yarn, particularly coarse for 
 socks. For the greatest comfort on a long railroad journey from the sea to the North-West, I 
 would also suggest one or two paper basins, soap, flannel, sponge, towel, comb, brush, small looking- 
 glass, &c., put in a bag. Also an extra bag, strong and dark, handy to put in extra things quickly 
 when the train stops before ycu are quite prepared to leave, and a strap to fasten it with quickly and 
 
12 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 securely. Each one of course with a shawl arid strap, slippers and soft head covering for night, and 
 the pillow can be strapped in shawl. Drinking vessels, and a large mug to convey water safely on 
 cars to your seat. A pound of tea steeped in a quart of water is most refreshing, and easily bottled and 
 diluted ; carry sugar, and buy milk at stations and bread and butter also. Strong boxes or packing 
 cases with handles, and well corded to stand long journey and rough handling. Barrels, useful for 
 packing crockery and glass ware, which require an expert to pack to reach destination safely. Bring all 
 little household treasures and valuables and pictures, thus making a home-like feeling atound you at 
 once. Men's underwear best bought here, as being thick'^r and made suitable to the climate. Good 
 whips and raw hide lashes invaluable in the North-West." 
 
 Mrs. a. B. Harris, of Beulah, Manitoba: — " Insist upon getting a good, warm house up the first 
 thing. Bring plenty of warm bed-clothes and flannel clothing. I would suggest that a man should 
 spend his first summer putting up buildings, digging a well, and gettirvg everything into shape for his 
 wife and family. He will save time in the long run. A cold house and no water when it is wanted 
 will make a smiling face look sour and make her a grumbler." 
 
 Mrs. p. Hyde, of Silver Creek:— "As I came from the old country myself, I think for the working 
 class this country is far ahead of the old country." 
 
 Mrs. D. Hvsop, of K'Uarney, Manitoba: — "I should suggest that new comers bring a stock of 
 medicines that have been habitually used in the family, as the doctor is difficult always to obtain and 
 his charfjcis are high, and a good stock of warm clothing for winter ; also that they obtain a thorough 
 knowledge of bread-making, as that is one of the most important parts of housekeeping out here, 
 because the air is bracing and appetites good." 
 
 Anne Johnston, of Mowbray, Manitoba : — "Women as a rule are timid in breaking up their home. 
 I, for one, thought my real happiness gone when we pulled up stakes and started for this country ; but 
 on arriving here I found my thoughts were all imaginary, as real happiness commenced here. The 
 thought of having homes for our boys beside us, and keeping our girls at home busily engaged in butter 
 and cheese making, and surrounded by their family, is a great comfort to father and mether. There is 
 plenty of remunerative work for all on their own farm." 
 
 Mrs. Kate Lawrence, of Clearwater : — " All I have to say !s that there is plenty of homes and 
 situations for all in this country, and no one .leed be afraid to come if they intend K) work, for the old 
 .saying is a true one, even in this country, 
 
 • Where there's a will, there's a way,* 
 or rather, 
 
 • We've plenty of work and good pay.' " 
 
 Clementina Livingstone, of Lake Francis, ManitoLa: — " My advice to intending emigrants is 
 that of Punch to bachelors about to marry — ' don't.' If they are to come, my advice is first, beware 
 of those interesting works of fiction, the Government pamphlets. Take their bedding, blankets, and 
 worsted stockings with them, as those articles are especially shoddy here. Finally, I.tender Josh Billings' 
 advice, ' Expect little, and you shall get it." " 
 
 Mrs. Mary Lowe, of Ste. Agathe : — " I have known several Scotch girls who came here some 
 years ago. They are all married, and some of them have done extra well. Smart clean girls can do 
 better here than men." 
 
 Alice McConwick, of Fleming, N.W.T. : — "Come prepared to farm. Get stock as you can. 
 This is a beautiful place to live in. Bring all you can with you, such as clothes, lots of bedclothes. 
 There were people here yesterday from England ; they think there is nothing to hinder people from 
 being rich here." 
 
 Mrs. N. McGregor, of Dalton : — "Mothers, do not fret too much. Wi 'es, do your best to help 
 your husbands to make the new home. Daughters, do not wear too much finery, and stick to the young 
 men. Sisters, judge for yourselves : there are plenty of fine single men in this part to keep you smiling 
 all the time." 
 
 Mrs. M. McInnes, of Calgary P.O., Alberta, N.W T.: — " I can give no household receipt, as such 
 can easily be obtained here. I found no difficulty in obtaining anytliing that I required. As for myself, 
 1 am well pleased with the country. Should anyone desire to come to this district, they will find some 
 beautiful sections yet vacant." 
 
 Mrs. Jean McKenzie, of Burnside, Man.: — "Keep cheerful; don't grumble at a few little 
 inconveniences which may occur at first settling ; help your husbands and brothers as much as possible, 
 
WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 »3 
 
 both in work and cheerful a Jvice, and you will soon fir.d yourselves and them in comfortable circum- 
 stances, and proprietc.'j of farms with plenty of stock around you, with the finest of wheat and other 
 grain and vegetables of all kinds growing for you. But above all, keep as much as possible out of 
 debt, buy no luxury of any kind on credit that you can do without, ar.d you will soon be prosperous and 
 happy. No rent to pay, and no landowner to turn you out at expiration of lease. Plenty of good 
 land can be got here at low price, and every thrifty man nd woman can soon be their own proprietors." 
 
 [Mr. a. Johnston, pro Mr. John Pollock, of Wolf Creek : — '• If you have any young girls in your 
 country who would like to start housekeeping, this is the place to come. There are lots of young men 
 who want housekeepers. I would like to give over the job of washing the dishes mys.'lf."] 
 
 Mrs. L. Poyntz, c/o Geo. Armstrong, Esq., Dalton P.O., Man.:—" Will be pleased to inform or 
 instruct any such on personal application.'' 
 
 Mrs. Hannah Proctor, of Woodlands P.O., Man.: — " Any man or woman of industrious habits, 
 wishing to come here with a view of bettering their position, can do well. If they do not do well, the 
 fault rests with themselves. For example : I have had 14 children to provide for. Up to date, our 
 farm has 100 acres under plough, also 100 sheep, 100 head of cattle, pigs, poultry, and farm machinery 
 and implements, with two yoke of oxen, two teams of horses, which my husband states, taking the 
 stock at fair value, and other articles at cost price, are worth over 12,000 dollars (;f2,40o), all paid for, 
 with a reasonable amount in the bank. Also a farm of 640 acres, with house and buildings, and other 
 improvements, for which my husband states he would not accept any sum less than 20,ooodoliars (;^4,ooo) 
 with many thanks, at present. Compare this with our arriva., in 1873, in Winnipeg, with absolutely 
 nothing, for we were provisioned at the expense of the Government till we found employment; and 
 with patience and perseverance, and the industrious habits of the whole family, we have honourably 
 attained our present position to-day ; and let me, with confidence, say to persons of the right kind, 
 ' Come thou, and do likewise.' " 
 
 Susan Rhind, of Westbourne, Man. : — " They must learn how to bake bread, and keep their spirits 
 up under any little difficulties that may arise. I have kept flowers in the house every winter. If they 
 have singing birds, pets, or pictures, bring them." 
 
 Mrs. F. Robbie, Birtle P.O., Man. : — " Keep your eye.s open. Live within your means. Take no 
 notice of grumblers. Make ready for winter. Let the children wear woollen underclothing. Take in 
 the Nor* -West Farmer, and a weekly newspaper. Settle near a railroad, if possible. Go in for mixed 
 farming. Never blame the country for any misfortune you may have. Have a good garden. Exhibit 
 all you can at the Fall Shows. Determine that the North-West is to be your home." 
 
 Mrs. H. Rose, of Minnedosa, Man. : — " I would merely sucfg / that persons having any kind of 
 musical instruments should bring them if possible ; also that girls earning money be very careful who 
 they lend it to, and I think the better way is to put it in some safe bank as soon as eai-ned." 
 
 Mrs. J. M. Sutherland, of Virden : — "Anyone coming with a family needs money enough to 
 keep them for a year at least. If they are willing to work, and are not afraid of any kind of work, such 
 as milking cows, attending poultry, &c., there is no need to fear but they can make a home here. 
 Bring all your warm clothing. The winter is certainly cold, but healthful and pleasant." 
 
 Mrs. I. T.WLOR, of Headingley: — " Molhers, come with a determination to bettor your circum- 
 otances, and be prepared to meet what disidvantages must necessarily come to you in a new country 
 like this, and you will socii better your circumstances." 
 
 MRS. S. T.U'LOR, of Parkisimo, Man.: — " Families which have been raised to farming need little 
 advice. Others coming to Manitoba can get assistance from older settlers, who are always ready to 
 advise new comers if asked. \n our settlement we have a good class of settlers for that." 
 
 Mrs. R. p. Thompso.v, oI Miami P.O., Man. :~"They will all want to make up their minds to 
 meet with some disadvantages and difficulties, and to make up their minds to OTcrcome them, and 
 accommodate themselves to the new home. All should come with means enough to buy one or two 
 cows and a few hens, which will soon bring in quite a portion of the living ; then in a year or two they, 
 by careful management, will have some poultry, eggs, butter, &c., to sell, and there is always a ready 
 .sale for such produce at fair prices. I sold a lot of spring chicicens at the door a few days ago for 40 
 cents (is. 8d.) per pair, and geese for 3 dollars (12s.) per pair If i can be of any service m giving any 
 information .of any kind to intending immigrants, I giadly offer to do so, as I am well aware i>i th« 
 overcrowded state of the old country, especially in the cities. As to any one coming to this part (Miami), 
 I will undertake to help them to find suitable homes. There are places here to rent on easy terms, with 
 buildings, where families could move ri^ht in. Then there is a lot of good land to be sold at fivo 
 
 I 
 
in 
 
 H 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAV OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 dollars (;^i) per acre, and soine for less. I could find hofnes for eight or ten good girls on fcims at 
 from five to eight dollars {£i to £i I2s.), per month, according to ability, &c." 
 
 Mks. S. J. Wheatland, of Donore, Manitoba: — "Before making up your mind to con.c to 
 Manitoba, sit down and consider well whether you can forego the comforts you have been used to for a 
 while, .-md whether you can stand the isolation from society that you will have to undergo for a time if 
 you contemplate farming in the North-West. Of course, all these things will be different if }ou h.a e 
 money to purchase a farm in a settled part of the country. If you can answer these questions satis- 
 factorily to yourselves, then 1 think you might come and consider that you are safe to get along. Of 
 course, we have had several bad seasons, still, I have good faith in the country, and with the experience 
 we have had we might be able to baUle with the seasons successfully. I would recommend mixed 
 farming as most suitable to the country. I do not trust to grain, but keep some cows, poultry, and other 
 stock ; pigs are also profitable, and will help to fill the purse and improve the farm." 
 
 Mrs. G. U. White, of Foxton : — " I think this is a good country for any person who is willing to 
 work. One of our neighbours came here and had only 45 dollars {£g) when he landed in Winnipeg. 
 He is now in a good position.'* 
 
 CLIMATE. 
 
 The climate of any country is a matter of importance to an intending settler in that country. 
 The climate of the Canadian North-West is a matter of supreme importance, for the simple 
 reason that its characteristics are still very little understood in the United Kingdom, where ih.e 
 thermometer is taken as a sole guide, irrespective of the moist or dry state of the atmosphere, 
 and the general conditions of life in the country. It will be seen by a study of the following 
 representative answers that the climate throughout summer and winter is healthy and agreeable 
 for men, women, and children, beyond anything known in the old country. Further, that only 
 on a few days during the winter does the thermometer full to a very low point, that even en 
 these few days no inconvenience need be felt if ordinary precautions are taken, and that with 
 this small exception, the whole winter is a most desirable period for general outdoor and indcor 
 mechanical and other work on the farm, and also a much enjoyed opportunity for healthy 
 recreation. The questions asked were : — 
 
 (i) How does the climate of the North-West suit you, and do you consider it healthy ? 
 
 (2) Is the climate healthy for children, and will you kindly offer any suggestions to new 
 comers on this point ? 
 
 Mrs. J. Alexander, of Sourisford, Man.: — " i. Admirably. I consider it extremely healthy. 
 2. They grow like mushrooms. Our children have rot had any illness all these years." 
 
 Mrs. T. Alexander, of Lowestoft, Man. : — " i. Well. Very healthy. 2. Very healthy for 
 children. They need plenty of warm clothing." 
 
 Mrs. M. G. Anderson, of Grenfell, Assa., N.W.T.:— " i. My health has improved, and I consider 
 the climate very bracing and exceptionally healtliy. 2. The climate is decidedly healthy for children. 
 My experience recommends that intending immigrants, both young and old, should be well supplied 
 with flannel underclothing for winter and summer use." 
 
 Mrs. S. J. Batcock, of Brookwood Farm, Orange Ridge P.O., Man.:—" i. I don't think there is 
 a healthier country in the world. 1 have had the best of health. 2. There cannot possibly be a mor^ 
 healthy country for children. Mine have scarcely had a day's sickness. Plenty of warm clothing and 
 wholesome food is all they need." 
 
 Mrs. E. Beeslev, of Marlborough, near Moose Jaw, As?a., N.W.T.: — " i. Suits me well. I 
 consider it very healthy. 2. Yes. We were often sick before residing here ; n w we could not be more 
 healthy." 
 
 Mrs. K. S. Begg, of Fort Garry P.O.: — " i. The climate is healthy, both for natives and emigrants 
 more so than Scotland. My husband is Scotch, and ought to know." 
 
W r.VT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORIH-WKST, 
 
 15 
 
 Mrs. a. Biii l, of Portage la Prairie : — " i. The atmosphere being so dry, I experience more vigour 
 and vitality than I used to. 2. Exceedingly so; less sickness here among them than in other climates." 
 
 Mrs. Helen Bell, of Burnside: — " i. It is pretty cold in winter, but very healthy. 2. It is very 
 healthy for children." \- 
 
 Mrs. R. Bligh, of Fort EMice: — " i. I think it a healthy climate. 2. As far as I know. 1 have 
 rot seen any but healthy children here, and in one case I know a child who was delicate before .she 
 came here, and is quite robust now." 
 
 Mrs. a. Bole, of Regina, N.W.T.: — " i. I like the climate well, and consider it very healthy. 
 2. Children coming from any of the countries of Europe get very fleshy." 
 
 Mrs. T. Bowman, of Greenwood, Manitoba: — "i. It could not possibly be more healthy. It is 
 vffy cold in winter, but a dry cold ; it does not thaw and then freeze. 2. It is, if they are warmly 
 clothed in winter. It is very healthy for any consumptive people." 
 
 Mrs. a. J. Bridgman, of Medicine Hat, N.W.T. : — " i. I love the climate, and consider it very 
 li2.aUhy. 2. I have one boy eleven months old, who has never been sick a day." 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth Broadguest, of Turtle Mountain :— " i. Have never been in better health, and 
 <he climate is perfect as far as sickness is concerned. 2. I have eight children, three of whom have 
 u(ten born here ; none of them have ever been ill at all, and we have never had a doctor inside the 
 i.o'jse professionally." 
 
 Mrs. R. J. Brooks, of Asessippi, Manitoba: — " i. I like the climate. 2. Very much so. My 
 children were very delicate in Ontario, but have been very healthy since I came here." 
 
 Mrs. E. Brown, of Drumconner P.O. : — " i. I was delicate in Ontario, but since I came to Manitoba 
 ciy health has been good. 2. It is all that could be desired." 
 
 Mrs. N. Brown (Rev.), of High Bluff, Manitoba :—" i. I consider it very healthy, and like it 
 Tvell. Never had as good health anywhere else as I have had here. 2. Yes, it is decidedly healthy for 
 cr-.ildren, but parents coming here should provide them with warm clothing." 
 
 Mrs. G. Butcher, of Russell P.O., Shell River. Manitoba: — " i. The weather I find tries me, 
 <?"ppcially the strong winds and thunder, but I am weok and nervous. I consider it a healthy country. 
 a. My six children have enjoyed the best of health since coming hero. The eldest, a lad of 16, was 
 s ibject to asthma when in England ; he is now perfectly free from the complaint. I believe this climate 
 t J be well suited to the health of children." 
 
 Mrs. R. Campbell, of Bridge Creek : — " i. Very healthy. 2. I have a family of seven children, 
 and they have never had any sickness since we came here to live." 
 
 Mrs. J. Chester, of Otenaw P.O., Southern Manitoba : — " i. The climate is good, and I consider 
 il veiy healthy. 2. When I came to Manitoba, I brought three delicate children; they have become 
 ...ronsr and healthy." •• . 
 
 Mrs. Fannie Clarx, of Two Rivers, Man.: — " i. The climate of the N.W. suits me perfectly. 
 
 ;j. It is considered very healthy for children. It is very .seldom a cliild's death is heard of." 
 
 Mrs. C. C. Clittfn, of Bird's Hill, Manitoba: — "i. Admirably. I consider it very healthy. 
 '2. Particularly healthful for children. I know of delic-'ite children walking two miles and a half to school 
 i: -eryday, and have not had a day's sickness since cominjj here." 
 
 Mrs. W. Copeland, cf Richmond P.O. : — " i. It is the healthiest I ever was in ; no rain in the 
 f li!, and no mud. It is a little cold in winter. 2. When we came to this country, we had a boy we 
 :\nected to die wiih asthma, but he has never had it since.'' 
 
 Margaret Corbett, of Springfield : — " i. I cons'der it very healthy, and not at all unpleasant. 
 2. I think the climate muJt be jjood on that point (children), for I don't see any lack." 
 
 Mrs. p. W. Davies (Rev.), of Chater P.O., M.^n.:— " i. I am delighted with the climate, and 
 consider it very healthy. 2. I think it is, and can give my own experience, I have five cliildren, and 
 both my husband, my children, and myself have better health than for several years before coming to 
 this country.'' 
 
 Mrs. a. Djvden, of Ste. Agathe :— " i. Summer I think splendid ; the winter is cold, but dry and 
 healthy. 2. The climate is good for children. We have four, and have never required to call a doctor 
 since we came to live here." 
 
i6 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WtST. 
 
 Mrs. W. a. Doylb, of Beulah :— " i. I do not like it as well as that of Ontario, but I think it is 
 quite as healthy. 2/ Forchildren I find it to be a very favourable climate. We have a family of four, 
 all as strong as could be wished," 
 
 Mrs. R. Downik, of Crystal City, Rock Lake Co.:—" i. Yes, most decidedly so; the climate suits 
 me quite well ; lots of sunshine. 2. I think there is no healthier climate known than this for children. 
 In summer nice bright warm days, and scarcely any spring. Winter turns into summer quickly, leaving 
 little time for the'Veedingof diseases. Winter is clear, cold, and very healthy." 
 
 Mrs. M. M. Drurv, of Rapid City : — " l. Admirably ; my health has improved very much since I 
 haVe come here. Yes, very healthy. 2. Decidedly so. They should have plain clothing and whole- 
 some food with plenty of open air exercise in summer ; a good warm house, plenty of instructive books, 
 and keep them indoors only when cold in winter. There is no fear of epidemics." 
 
 Mrs. A. M. Duensing, of tl^e Anglo-American Hotel, Emerson;— "i. It suits me, as also my 
 husband, very well. Two to three years ago, I suffered very much with rheumatism here, which I got 
 through a severe cold in hunting after my cows in the evening in the fall, through the long wet grass 
 and bush, but am entirely recovered. 2. \'fry healthy ; only I believe men, women, and children ought 
 to wear underflannels, winter and summer." 
 
 Mrs. R. Dl'NAMore, of Bridge Creek : — " i. Healthy. 2. As far as my experience goes it is very 
 healthy fpr children. In Ontario cur doctor's bill each year was from 30 to 50 dollars, but since coming 
 here they have not cost us a dollar." 
 
 Mrs. J. M. Fee, of Melgund : — " i. I like it well, and consider it healthy. My mother, who is over 
 70, lives with me, and likes it. 2. Yes, healthy for childien : bring all you can of them." 
 
 Mrs. R. FiNPLAv, of ^'hoal Lake: — " i. It suits me splendidly; is exceedingly healthy. 2. We 
 have six children, and we have never had a professional call from a doctor yet." 
 
 Mrs. S. Finn, of Morris-. — " i. The climate is not disagreeable by any means. The winter is 
 cold, but healthy. 2. I know of no country more healthy. Bracing atmosphere is just the thing for 
 young people with weak lungs, and this is free from humidity." 
 
 Mrs._Flott, of Strathclair: — " 1. Very healthy. 2. Yes, but children should be well wrapped up 
 in winter, and allowed to play out in the snow on all fine days, as the snow is quite dry and powdeiy." 
 
 Mrs. C. H. Freeman, of Elkhorn : — " i. It suits me very well, although the winter is very long 
 and severe, and 1 consider it healthy. 2. The climate is very healthy for children ; I hear every or;e 
 speak of their children being so healthy here, and I think I can speak well of this country for myself, 
 for I was ailing for four years in Ontario, and I am now well and hearty." 
 
 Mrs. L. Gartz, of Red Deer, Alberta, N.W.T. • — " i. The finest climate I have ever lived in. 
 2. Have not had a day's illness in a family of eleven." 
 
 Mrs. E. J. Gibson, of Waneche P.O. (Tp. 5, R. 22, Sec. 36) Selkirk Co. : — " i. I am pleased with 
 the climate, and consider it very healthy. Mr. Gibson had to give up businer.s because of poor health, 
 and he is here as well as anyone. 2. The climate could not be better for children. I have known some 
 that were delicate who since coming here have grown strong and healthy." 
 
 Mrs. A. Gregcrv, of Ninga P.O., Turtle Mountain : — " i. Suits me well ; consider it very healthy. 
 2. Yes, healthy enough. Let them have plenty of outdoor life ; no fear of them taking cold as in 
 England." 
 
 Mrs. a. W. Haney, of Wolf Creek P.O.. Wolseley, N.W.T. :— " 1. Splendidly. 2. It is; it far 
 exceeds Ontario, and is indeed very prolific. There is scarcely a house where there is not a baby in it." 
 
 Mrs. W. Henderson, of Rounthwaite P.O.: — "1. Suits one well, but rather cold sometimes, 
 although healthy. 2. My own children were puny and delicate when I came here ; now they are robust 
 and healthy." 
 
 Mrs. R. C. Hodnett, of Birlle: — " 1. Is healthy, certainly ; a little severe in the depth of winter, 
 but very agreeable most of the year." 
 
 Mrs. J. HoNeyman, of Eden, Beautiful Plains, Man.: — "i. Extremely healthy; I have good 
 health, and am entirely free from headaches, which I used to be subject to in the old country. 2. I have 
 never seen more healthy children than there are here." 
 
 Mrs. J. Hunter, of Neepawa: — " i. The climate is clear, and very healthy in winter; c:ear and 
 cold ; there are n6 thaws. 2. I think the climate is healthful for children ; some days in winter they 
 are not able to go out — that is, small children. Our eldest boy nnd girl went to school all last winter.'' 
 
 ) 
 
rtAl WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WBST. 
 
 17 
 
 * •• 
 
 LAVINIA Jeffery, of Miimedosa (Sec. 22, T. 13, R. 18 West), Manitoba. — •' i. The N.W. is con- 
 sidered very healthy, particularly so for me, having a weak chest. 2. Children do well in this country, 
 and the man who brings the largest family will be likely to become the most prosperous, provided he 
 can bring a little capital as well." 
 
 Anne Johnston, of Mowbray. — " i. I am well satisfied with the climate, as it is not so change- 
 able as in Ontario, and I consider it very healthy. 2. The North- West is very healthy for children ; you 
 seldom hear of a child being ill, and not one death in this neighbourhood since I came five years ago." 
 
 Mrs. J. H. L. Joslvn (Rev.), of Broadview P.O., Assa., N.W.T. — " i. Climate is fair and healthy. 
 fi. Healthful for children, but all garments should be woollen, not cotton, and if possible furs." 
 
 Mrs. M. Lowe, of Ste. Agathe: — " i. I was delicate owing to dampness in Ontario, and subject 
 to colds, but the dry air here has given me splendid health, 2. I have fine children, and they have 
 enjoyed the best of health so far. As the snow is dry in winter, they are not subject to colds from wet 
 feet, &c." *• 
 
 Mrs. L. McDermot, of Dundee P.O., Manitoba : — "Suits me well, and consider it very healthy; 
 very little illness. 2. Very healthy for children. I have three ; they have never had an hour's illness, 
 with exception of colds." 
 
 Margarkt McGill, of Carollton : — "Cold, but pleasant and healthy. (30th October — there were 
 traces of a shower of rain last night, the only rain for the last two months, I did not sec or hear it.) 
 2. Singularly and exceptionally healthy for children and adults. Comers must obey circumstances 
 when they come." 
 
 Mrs. J. McIntvre, of Miltpn Farm, Regina, N.W.T. -. — " i. I like the climate, and consider it 
 healthy. 2. It is the country for children. One of our little boys was so delicate in Ontario (15 months 
 ago) we thought the journey would kill him, but every day since we came here he has grown better, and 
 is now strong and healthy." 
 
 Mrs. M. McKay (Rev.), Strathclair P.O. : — " i. Find summer delightful and winter cold, though 
 healthy, and yet not as hard to endure as the fo/<i 0/ /tfvtf>-/y. 2. Very healthy. Only three or four 
 funerals within 20 miles of us since arrival (summer of 1882) ; yet winter demands plenty of warm 
 clothing." 
 
 Mrs. R. McKay, of Crystal City : — " i. Warmer in wintc- and a little cooler in summer; some 
 days would suit me better. 2. Very healthy for the parents. No fear of the children. Just see them 
 at meal time." 
 
 Mrs. J. A. McRayne, of Sourisford : — " i. It suits me better than Ontario, and I consider it very 
 healthy. 2. Very healthy for children. I had an idea before I came here that infants could not live 
 here, it was so cold ; but it is just the place for them." 
 
 Mrs. B. Marshall, of Ardpatrick P.O.: — " i. I like it, and consider it very healthy, 2. Very 
 healthy. Some of my children were subject to croup and other diseases peculiar to children, but since 
 I came to Manitoba it has entirely left them." 
 
 Mrs. M. Ogletree, of Portage la Prairie : — " i. Am much pleased with the climate; have not 
 used 25 cents' worth of medicine since coming to the country, 2. Never had the pleasure of raising 
 any children ; have grown-up step-children. I think there is not as much sickness amongst children in 
 this country as in Ontario." 
 
 Mrs. J. Parr, of Bradwardine, Man.: — " i. I think the climate very nice, and believe it is very 
 healthy. 2. I have five children, and they have never cost one dollar since I came here. They should 
 have warm woollen clothing." 
 
 Mrs. T. F. Pordy, of Regina (Sec. 12, Tp. 21, R. 19), N.W.T.:—" i. Like it well; it is very 
 healthy. 2. Children grow immensely, and are healthy with plenty to eat and warm clothes. I have 
 been here four years, and have never seen a child ill." 
 
 Matilda Ramsey, of Stuartburn, Man. : — " i. Consider it the healthiest in the world, as there is 
 no form of disease peculiar to this climate. In this respect I consider it unequalled. 2. Judging from 
 the children I see round me, I think it is, as I have rarely seen a sick child. I would suggest that each 
 family should provide a good supply of warm clothing, as our winters are cold." 
 
 Mrs. E. Robb, of Calgary, Alberta, N.W.T. : — " 1. I consider it particularly healthy. 2. My little 
 boy, seven years old, has never had a day's sickness in the North-West." 
 
 Mrs. A. Robertson, of Erinview, Stonewall: — "i. Very well; I consider it very healthy. 
 2. Very healthy, but they must v/ear high, long-sleeved dresses, and long stockings instead 01 socks." 
 
.nji\i n- »♦«,.,, 
 
 Mrs. E. Rounthwaite, of Rounlhwaite P.O., Man.: — " i. Well, it is very healthy. ^. u i» 
 particularly healthy for children : ours have not ailed at all." 
 
 * Mrs. J. Rutherford, of Silver Creek P.O.: — " i. Suits me well; I was in bad health before I 
 canne to the North-Wcst ; have had the best of health ever since. 2. Very healthy. All sickly people 
 and children improve very much by coming out to this country." 
 
 Mrs. a. Scott, of Portage la Prairie : — " i. Well. It is healthy; the winter is cold, but with 
 comfortable clothing it is very enjoyable. 2. Very healthy ; children grow like weeds." 
 
 Mrs. J. A. Senegal, of St. Francois Xavier P.O.: — " l. Climate is agreeable, and very hcVhy. 
 2. My children have been in the best of health ever since I came to the country, and I believe X'.e 
 cL.nate beneficial to all children as long as they are properly clad for the seasons." 
 
 Mrs. H. Shaw, of Midnapore, Calgary, N.W.T. : — " i. Climate very healthy, and winters within 
 50 miles of the Rockies by no means severe. 2. Co"»ld not be healthier. Having eight children, I spesk 
 froti experience." ■* 
 
 ivTrs. O. M. H. Shuman, of Whitemouth : — " i. VeryVell ; and it is very healthy. I have not 
 been ill since 1 have been in the North-West. 2. My little girl has always been healthy and strong:. 
 Children with plenty of out-door exercise soon become very rugged and strong.'' 
 
 Mrs. C. B. Slater, of Wapella, Assa., N.W.T. — " i. Excellently; exceedingly healthy. 2. Yea, 
 healthy." 
 
 i N 
 
 HORSE ROAD OYER THE ROCK^ MOUNTAINS. 
 
WHAT WOMEN SAY Of THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 »9 
 
 ^N 
 
 M«s. R. H. Smith, of Kinette, Man.: — " i. Climate here is better than in Ontario, and I consider 
 it healthy. 2. I have been three years in this place, and only know of two deaths in the set'lcment. 
 With plenty of good food and clothing children are all right." 
 
 Mrs. W. Smith, of Almasippi P.O.: — "i. I like it wtll, and it i<j very healthy. 2. My children 
 were very delicate before we came here, but they have been very healthy since." 
 
 Mr.s. R. T. Stead, of Cartwright P.O., Chesterville, Man. : — " i. December, January and February 
 r.i^her cold, but the remainder of the year lovely; I think the country very healthful. 2. The climule \^ 
 all th.1t could be desired for children." 
 
 I^Irs. H. L. Stewart, of Meadow Lea P.O., Man.: — " i. Very well. Yes. 2. Yes, very. I have 
 a large family, and all have been remarkably healthy since we came to Manitoba, particu'arly myself, 
 as I used to suffer from rheumatism. ' 
 
 Mrs. J. G. Sturoeon, of Stockton, Man.: — " i. In ordinary circumstances very henlthy. Three 
 doctors at different times have failed to make a living in our district. 2. Yes, children born and 
 reared in this country are'strong and sturdy." 
 
 Mrs. J. Sl'Theri.and, of Kildonan East: — " i. E.xceedingly healthy, even more so than the 
 Eastern Provinces, where I have liSd one winter's experience. 2. Quite healthful ; children do not 
 roq aire any different treatment from that practised in Great Britain or the United States. I raised a 
 family of 14 children to man and woman's estate." 
 
 Mrs. E. Weightma.v, of West Hall, Man. (formerly of Edinburgh, Scotland) : — " i. I have bettei 
 health than when in Scotland; there is very little sickness around here. 2. My youngest girl, aged 10, 
 was delicate when I settled; she is now much stronger. I find the children very healthy all round; 
 care should be taken in the shape of warm underflanne! for winter use." 
 
 Mrs. J. M. Wellwood (Rev.), of Minnedosa: — " i. As far as my experience goes as a minister's 
 wife, it is very healthy, e.\cept for bronchial and rheumatic affections. 2. Yes. Give them stout boots 
 and warm, clothing, with plenty to eat, and they will get on." 
 
 Mrs. Amelia B. Wenman, of Souris P.O.: — " i. Suits us all; is enjoyable, and very healthy. 
 Of course the winters are cold, but bright and cheerful. 2. I have never had any cause to think this 
 climate is not healthy for children — indeed I think with common sense people need have nothing to fear. 
 I recornmend flannel to wear." 
 
 Miss Charlotte Whitcomb, of Craigilea P.O.: — " i. Summers are pleasant, and suit me. I 
 consider it extremely healthy. 2. The climate is decidedly healthy for children. Children suffering 
 from pulmonary diseases would benefit by living in Manitoba." 
 
 Mrs. Wright, of Beaconsfield P.O.: — " i. It suits me very well, 2. Children here are th« 
 picture of good health." 
 
 Mrs. Eliz^vbeth Yeskey, of Pleasant Home, Lisgar County : — " i. The climate suits us better 
 than any other we have tried ; we prepare for the cold, and find it very heathy. 2. We find plenty of 
 wholesome food and warm clothing is all the medicine children need in Manitoba or the North-West." 
 
 SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES. 
 
 The following replies will show exactly in what measure religious and educational facilities 
 e.tist throughout the Canadian North-West. Representative replies are given for each district 
 HO as to give a correct idea in regard to the whole country. The questions were : — 
 
 (i) Have you schools within a reasonable distance from you, and are they well conducted ? 
 (2) Have you churches near }'ou, and if so, of what denomination are they ? 
 
 Alamed.\. Mrs. McCaughey : — " i. We have no schools yet. 2. We have a Presbyterian church, 
 which is u?ed by other denominations also." Mrs. C. Proyer says : — " There ar<» Episcopal, 
 Presbyterian, and Methodist services every fortnight." 
 
 Alexandria. Mrs. T. D. Elliott : — " i. We have good schools near at hand. 2. A Methodist church 
 
 quite near." 
 Almasippi. Mrs. W. Smith: — " i. Yes, and well conducted schools. 2. We have no churches, but 
 < have services in our houses. English (Church of England) and Presbyterian ministers." 
 
 Archibald. Mrs. A. Bethune: — " i. We have plenty of schools, varying from aquarter to three mii^s. 
 2. Three churches, Presbyterian, Methodist and English church, and sometimes (although 
 the churches are Urge) no sitting room 'a to be had. They all have nice organs and 
 choirs." 
 
 
20 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OP THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 Ardpatrick. Mrs. B. Marshall : — •' i. Schools within a reasonable distance and well conducted. 
 a. Presbyterian and English Missions." 
 
 Arnaud. Mrs. J. Q.Sumner: — " x. In any locality where there are 14 children you can have a 
 school, and all schools in this country are well conducted. 3. We have no church closer tlian 
 eight miles." 
 
 AsESSiPPi. Mrs. R. J. Brooks : — " i. None yet, but expect soon to have one. a. English, Presbyterian 
 and Methodist churches." 
 
 AssiNiBOiNE. Mrs. H. M. Hunt : — " i. School quite handy and well conducted, a. We have Church 
 of England, Methodist and Presbyterian." 
 
 Austin. Mrs. M. McGregor :—" i. School is within four miles, and well conducted, a. We have 
 preaching in the school-house — Methodist and Presbyterian." 
 
 Baie St. Paul. Mrs. J. Taylor:—"!. Yes, one and a-haU miles away. Presbyterian, Methodist 
 and English churches." 
 
 Balgonie. Mrs. R. N. Leepart :— " i. No school near. a. Churches within six miles, English, 
 Presbyterian and Methodist." 
 
 Balmoral. Mrs. J. H. Slater r " i. Yes, I live within a mile of a school, a. Presbyterian churchy 
 six miles. There is serv.je in our school-house. ' 
 
 Beaconsfield. Mrs. E. Ashby : — "i. School within throe miles. Teacher holds third certificnte. 
 . a. English church, and a building where the Mct':odists and Presbyterians meet once a 
 fortnight." 
 
 Beautiful Plains. Mrs. E. J. Gardiner: — "i. There is every convenience for schools. 3. We have 
 Methodist and Presbyterian churches near us." 
 
 Beaver Creek. Mrs. S. Thompson: — "1. Good day-school and Sabbath school. 2. No church; 
 use the school-house, both Methodists and Presbyterians." 
 
 Beaver Rapids. Janet Traguan : — " i. Schools not required here, but there are schools wherever 
 required. 2. Presbyterian church, three miles; Methodist, five miles off ' 
 
 Beulah. Mrs. A. B. Harris: — "School within half a mile, fairly well conducted. 2. One Wesleyan 
 Methodist church, in which we have Presbyterian and Episcopal services." 
 
 B;nscarth. Mrs. J. Brunt: — " i. Just as good as in Ontario, and nothing could beat our school 
 system there. 2. We have Church of England, Methodist and Presbyterian within a reasonable 
 distance for a new country." 
 
 Bird's Hill. Mrs. C. C. Clitten : — " i. Schools two and a-half miles either way from us, both well 
 conducted. 2. Church of England, two miles ; and Presbyterian, three and a-half miles." 
 
 BiRTLE. Mrs. S. Chambers: — "i. Good and well conducted schools within cne and a-half miles. 
 Yes, Presbyterian, Methodist, Baptist, and Church of England, all within one and a-half miles." 
 
 Blythfield. Mrs. R. Griffith : — " i. There is a first-class district-school a mile from here, which is well 
 conducted. 2. There is not a church near by, but there is a Presbyterian service every two 
 weeks." Mrs. J. W. Parker, in the same district, says : — " 1. Plenty of schools now, but we 
 had none for eight years. They are well conducted. 2. Yes, Presbyterian and Methodist," 
 
 Bradwardine. Mrs. J. Parr: — " 1. One mile from school, well conducted. 2. None. Church of 
 England service, one mile ; Methodist, the same ; and Presbyterian, three miles, in school* 
 houses." 
 
 Brandon. Mrs. E. J. Woodsworth : — " i . Good schools in town, and well conflucted. 2. Yes ; Methodist, 
 two Presbyterian, Paptist, Episcopalian and Roman Catholic." Mrs. J. Leech also says : — 
 " I . We have a well conducted school on our own farm. 2. Our nearest church is in the City of 
 Brandon, three and a-half miles from us. There are Episcopalian, Presbyterian, Baptist, 
 Methodist and Roman Catholic." Mrs. C. F. Powers writes : — " i. Two schools in each town- 
 ship, kept open eight months each year, and are well conducted, a. Churches and other places 
 of worship convenient to all on our land." 
 
 Bridge Creek. Mrs. R. Dunamore : — "i. One mile; very well conducted. 2. Three miles ; Presby- 
 terian, Methodist, and Episcopalian." 
 
 Broadview. Mrs. J. H. L. Joslyn (Rev.) :— " 1. Srhool in town during part of the year. It is a good 
 one. 2. Methodist and Presbyterian churches here." 
 
 I 
 
*:-. 
 
 f 
 
 WHAT WOMKN SAY OI THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 91 
 
 BURNSlDi. 8Mrs. H. Boll : — *' i. The school is half a mile off; it is well conducted. 2. A Methodist 
 church is near the school and a Presbyterian two and a-half miles off." Mrs. J McKcnzicalso 
 says : — " I. School within a mile, and as well conducted as in Ontario. I consider them, there 
 and here, second to no other country. 2. Presbyterian church, to which I and try family 
 belong, within one and a-half miles, and Methodist church one mile." 
 
 Calf Mountain. Mrs. F, Bolton : — " i. Yes. 2. Methodist and Presbyterian." 
 
 Calgary. Mrs. W. Brown : — " i. Both public and private schools in town. 2. Four churches , Eng. 
 
 lish, Methodist, Catholic, and Presbyterian." Mrs. M. Mclnnesalso says : — " We have schools 
 
 within a reasonable distance, and they arc well conducted. 2. One Church of England and a 
 
 public building for all denominations." 
 Carrolton. Margaret McGill : — " i. Yes, there are schools from a few rods to three miles, which is 
 
 the greatest distance, and they are well conducted. 2. Methodist and Presbyterian churches." 
 
 Carberry. L. J. Lowes : — " i. School half a mile, which is well conducted. 3. Methodist and Pres- 
 byterian churches half a mile." 
 
 Carman. Mrs. L. McKnight : — " i. Yes. 2, Two churches within three miles, Presbyterian and 
 Methodist." 
 
 Cartvvright. Mrs. J. Gimby : — "i. Yes, well conducted. 2. Yes; English, Presbyterian, an! 
 Methodist, all within easy reach." Mrs. J. M. Menarey: — " i. Yes, compare favourably with any 
 country. 2. Yes ; Methodist, Presbyterian, and Church of England." 
 
 Chater. M s. p. W. Davies (Rev.): — " i. As fast as there are settlers or children enough within 
 rer.jonable distance of each other, schools are being opened up, and are as well conducted as 
 can be expected in a new country. Satisfactory, I think. ( 2. There are a good many churches 
 through the country, and where there are none, services are carried on in private houses. The 
 Methodists and Presbyterians are in the ascendancy, I think. There are also Episcopalian, 
 Baptists, and others." 
 
 ChUMAH. Mrs. J. L. Fraser : — " i. Will have a school in another year. 2. Are within a reasonable 
 distance of Methodist, Presbyterian, and Church e<f England." 
 
 Clandeboye. Mrs. M. M. Muckle: — " i. Yes, very well conducted. 2. The nearest church is four 
 miles distant, the road to which is very b.id. Episcopal service in school-house every Sunday. 
 Presbyterian service every second Thursday evening, as well as mission services." 
 
 Clear Springs. Mrs. H. West: — " i. Yes, 2. Yes; Presbyterian and English churches." 
 
 Clearwater, Mrs. K. Lawrence: — "i. Yes, one mile; and they are well conducted, 2, Yes, one 
 mile ; English, Presbyterian and Methodist." 
 
 Craigilea, Miss C. Whitcomb: — " i. Yes, in towns and cities, generally speaking at a higher rate 
 (i.e., more plentiful in proportion to the population) than in the old country and Ontario." 
 
 CreefoRD. Mrs, J. Connell: — " i. Yes. 2. Yes; Presbyterian and Methodist." 
 
 Crystal City. Mrs. W, Parr: — "i. Yes, within a quarter of a mile, and well conducted. 2. Yes, 
 Methodist and Presbyterian." Mrs. R. Downie also says: — " i. Yes, good schools, and well 
 conducted in every respect. 2. There are some churches here, but at this early period 
 preaching is generally conducted in schools or private houses ; Presbyterian, Methodist, 
 English, and Baptist churches." 
 
 Dalton. Mrs. N, McGregor: — "i. There are three within six miles, and they are well conducted, 
 2, There are two, Methodist ana Presbyterian, as well as Church of England missionaries." 
 
 Orr : — " i. Have no schools at all. 
 
 2. Have Methodist and Presbyterian 
 2. Three churches in the 
 
 De Clare. Mrs. A 
 
 Churches." 
 Dominion City, Mrs. D. G. Dick: — " i. Good school within half a mile. 
 
 neighbourhood, viz., Presbyterian, Episcopalian, and Methodist." 
 
 D'>NORE. Mrs. S. J, Wheatland: — " i. Yes. 2. Sometimes the Methodists preach in the school* 
 house," 
 
 Drl'mconner. Mrs. E. Brown : — "i. Yes, 2, Yes; Methodist and Presbyterian," 
 
 Dry River, Mrs. W. E. Tisdale: — " i. Yes, and our school is well conducted. 2, Services are held 
 from three to seven miles from us by Presbyterians, Methodists, Baptists, and Roman 
 Catholics." 
 
I'fT 
 
 22 
 
 UUM- WOMEN SAY OF THE CAMADlA.N NORTH-'.VCST, 
 
 DuNDi'E. Mrs. L. McDermot :— " i. One mile, and well conducted. 2. Ohurches of all denominations 
 within a reasonable distance." 
 
 r!MEHS0N. Mrs. E. Vesey-Fitzgerald : — " i. Yes. 2. There is a Methodiot service held about a mile off." 
 Mrs. S. Ballantyns says : — " i. There are well conducted schools estabiis'.ied in every settlement 
 as soon as there are children enough. 2. There are churches of all denominations in all old 
 settlement;-, and the new will have them in due time." Mrs. W. E. Abbott :— " i. Yes, on our lot, 
 a very short distance from our house. 2. We have churches of every denomination, at least 
 English, Presbyterian, Bap'ist, two Metholist and Rjmau Catholic." 
 
 Fairmount. Henrietta W. McGill : — "i. Yes, quarter mile from us, well concuc'^d. 2. Ye?, ore 
 Presbyterian." 
 
 Fleming. Alice McConwick : — " i. No school yet, expect to have one soon. 2. A minls'er preaches 
 here .it my house />>-o tein." Mrs. J. N. Barg^ss says: — " i. No, thnt is the only fault I find ; 
 the nearest school is 12 miles. 2. \Ve have no ciiurchcs, but have services every two weeks." 
 
 FjOKKnta. Mrs. a. McKenzie : — " i. School two miles distant, and well conducted. 2. Church in the 
 school-house, Protestant." 
 
 Fu.ir Ei.' tCE. Mrs. R. Bligh : — "i. We have not any school at present. 2. No church near us, but 
 .1'. have a Presbyterian and Methodist minister who holds service in a house near us every 
 week." 
 
 Fort rr.xuRV. Mrs. Katheriae S. Begg ; — " i. There are now plenty of schools everywhere, and, as 
 far as I know, well conducted. 2. We have also plenty of churches of every denomination." 
 
 FoxTON, Mrs. A. McNeill : — " i. Our school is quite near, and well conducted. 2. We have churches 
 (Pre.sbyterian) near." 
 
 Gauthier. Mrs. J. Fraser : — " i. Yes, but poorly conducted. 2. Catholic churches." 
 
 Gladstone. Mrs. Margaret Covey : — "i. Yes, within two miles there are two schoob. 2. Church 
 of England, Presbyterian, Methodist, and Baptist." 
 
 Glenboro. Mrs. Duncan : — " i. No school. 2. Methodist and Presbyterian churches." 
 
 Glenda .e. Mrs. J. C. Walker : — " i . Our nearest school is one and a-half miles away ; well conducted. 
 2. We have services in our school-rooms, Methodist and Presbyterian." 
 
 GLBNDiNNiNG. Mrs. Elizabeth Butcher: — "No school at present, not sufficient children. 2. No 
 churches, but preaching in private houses ; Wesleyan, Pnesbyterian, and Episcopal." 
 
 Grange, Mrs. Gardiner : — " i. Yes. 2. Union Church about two and a-half miles." 
 
 Greenwood. Mrs. T. Bowman : — " i. The greatest distance from schools is three miles. 2. Churches 
 within reasonable distances, Presbyterian and Methodist." 
 
 Grenfell. Mrs. M. G. Anderson: — " i. Schools are being organised in this immediate neighbour- 
 hood, and will be working in the course of a few months. 2. Two churches, Presbyterian and 
 Church of England; Methodists and Baptists hold regular services." Mrs. W. Hall says :— 
 " I. Two schools within two miles, both well conducted. 2. Yes; Episcopal, Presbyterian, 
 and Roman Catholic." 
 
 Headinglev. Mrs. J. Taylor: — "i. Yes, schools are provided at reasonable distance. 2. Yes; 
 Episcopalian, Presbyterian, Methodist, Baptist, and Roman Catholic." Mrs. A. C. Dawson 
 says : — "i. Yes, within 10 minutes' walk, well conducted. 2. Presbyterian, Church of 
 England, and Roman Catholic." 
 
 Heaslip. Mrs. S. A. Heaslip: — " i. Our school is 40 rods away, and well conducted. 2. No church, 
 but all denominations use the school-house." 
 
 M TNE. Mrs. D. Dick : — " i. We have no schools near us yet. 2. There are no churches near us." 
 
 MoRDEN. Mrs. D. J. McCuish : — " i. I have two boys going every day, one is nine years old, the other 
 seven. 2. We have four : Presbyterian, Methodist, English, and Baptist." 
 
 Morris. Mrs. J. Kelly : — " i. We have a school within a mile; well regulated. 2. Presbyterian and 
 Methodist in school-house." Mrs. Susannah Finn says: — " i. Yes; we have a good school, 
 and an able and successful teacher. 2. Methodist, Presbyterian, and Church of England." 
 
 Mowiia^V. Anne Johnston : — " i. Well conducted school within half a mile. 2. Service every Sun- 
 day; half a mile — Methodist and Presbyterian." 
 
WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 93 
 
 Napinka. Mrs, D. G. Morrison : — " i. We have schools within a reasonable distance, and well con- 
 ducted. 2. Services are held in school-houses and farm-houses, Presbyterian and Methodist." 
 
 Neepawa. Mrs. T. N. Robinson :—" i. One within half a mile, and is we!! conducted, z. Yes, 
 Methodist and Presbyterian." 
 
 Nelson. Mrs. T. N. Wilson: — " i. Schools are located all over the Province within two to three 
 miles of each other. 2. Where there are no churches, services are held in the school-houses • 
 chiefly Church of England, Presbyterian, and Methodist." 
 
 Newhaven, Mrs. W. Shields :—" I, One and a half miles, and well conducted. 2. Yes ; Presbyterian, 
 Wesleyan-Methodist, English, and Church of England.'' 
 
 NiMiTAV^r. Mrs. G. C. Wright:—" i. Not as yet, but schools are fast being established all over the 
 
 country. 2. We have no churches, but services for all dv;nominations in private houses." 
 Ninette. Mrs. R. H. Smith : — " i. No. 2. Methodist and Presbyterian." 
 Niverville. Mrs. T. W. Craven :— " i. Yes, well conducted. 2. One church, Presbyterian." 
 
 Oakburn. Mrs. J. Menzies :— " i. Schools are within distance, and are well conducted. 2. We have 
 Presbyterian, Baptist, and Methodist." 
 
 Oak Lake. Mrs. A. Malcolm :— " 1. We have a school half a mile away, and well conducted. 2. Yes, 
 of Presbyterian denomination." Mary E. Mitchell:—" i. School half a mile away, and is well 
 conducted. 2. Churches within five miles, Presbyterian and Roman Catholic." 
 
 Oakland. Mrs. T. H. Metcalfe :— " i. Good school close by, and well conducted. 2. The nearest 
 church is five miles. Presbyterian, Methodist, and English." 
 
 Oak River. Mrs. C. F. Haight :— " i. School in every township that is settled, and they are, so far 
 as I know, well conducted. 2. Some settlements have churches, if able to build them, but in 
 most settlements service is held in the largest and most convenient house." 
 
 Odanah. Mrs. P. L. McDougall : — " i. Yes, within two miles; they are well conducted. 2. Yes; 
 we are three miles from church — Presbyterian." 
 
 Orange Ridge. Mrs. S. J. Batcock:— "i. Yes. 2. Methodist, but other denominations lold 
 services." 
 
 Orrwoi.d. Mrs. Christina Eraser: — " i. School quite convenient, and is well conducted. 2. Use 
 school-house for church. Mostly Methodist in this neighbourhood." 
 
 Ossowo. Mrs. C. F. Newman : — " i. About a mile distant. 2. The old English church is very near." 
 
 Otenaw. Mrs. J. Chester :—" 1. Our schools are good and well conducted. 2. In country places few 
 churches are yet erected, but we have ministers of almost every denomination." 
 
 Parkisimp. Mrs. Sarah Taylor : — " 1. School just starting within a mile. 2. Church four miles off. 
 but have service regularly in neighbourhood." 
 
 Pendennis. Mrs. T. R. Horner: — " i. The nearest schools are four miles away. 2. Nearest church 
 12 miles off; but English, Presbyterian and Methodist services are held at our house and 
 those of our neighbours." 
 
 Pilot Mound. Mrs. J. Farquharson :— "i. Schools are becoming more plentiful in the older settlements 
 but they cannot be very numerous until the country is better settled. 2. We have no churches,* 
 but worship in school houses and private houses. We have Baptist, Presbyterian, and' 
 Methodist ministers." 
 
 Pipestone. Mrs. W. Lothian : — " i. The settlement Is too young, but a movement is on foot to 
 e?tablish a school soon. 2. No churches as yet ; services are held in the houses." 
 
 Poplar Point. Mrs. J. Stainger :— " i. Yes; and well conducted schools. 2. Methodist and 
 Church of England." 
 
 Portage LA Prairie. Mrs. M. Whimster :— " i. We have excellent schools, well conducted and 
 
 years. 2. We are well off for churches, Presbyterian, 
 Episcopalian, Roman Catholic and Methodist." Mrs. B. Franklin says:— "i. Pl»»nly of schools, 
 
 they are much improved of late years. 
 
 Episcopalian, Roman Catholic and 
 
 all free and with good teachers. 2. Yes; Episcopal, Baptist, Methodist, Preebyterian] 
 
 Catholic and Disciples." Mrs. A. Bell: — " i. School in centre of town, with a principal and 
 
 six other teachers. 2. Yes; Presbvterlan, Haptist, Episcopalian, Methodist and Roman 
 
 Catholic' 
 
24 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAV OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 Rapid City. Mrs. TurnbuU : — " i. We have schools in Rapid City, but the public school is closed 
 from want of funds. 2. Four churches, English (Church of England), Baptist, Methodist 
 and Presbyterian." Mary M. Drurysays: — " i. Yes; at Rapid City, six miles, highly spoken 
 of. 2. At Rapid City, Presbyterian, Methodist, Baptist, Church of England ; Roman Catholic 
 Priest at intervals from Winnipeg." 
 
 Rat Portage. Margaret Gadbois : — " i. Yes, yes. 2. Yes; Roman Catholic, English, Presbyterian, 
 Methodist." 
 
 Reaburn. Mrs. J. K. Champion : — " i. Good school a mile and a half from us. 2. Presbyterian and 
 Methodist three miles. Church of England six miles." 
 
 Red Deer, Alberta, N.W.T. Mrs. L. Gartz:— " i. No schools yet. 2. No church, but occasional 
 preaching," 
 
 Regina. Mrs, J. Mclntyre: — " i. One at Regina; not settled in with families enough in this 
 immediate part round my farm for schools yet. 2. Presbyterian, Methodist, English, Roman 
 Catholic." Mrs. T. F. Purdy : — " i. Schools are scarce on account of there being so many 
 bachelors in this part. 2. Churches at our own houses every week, Methodist, English 
 Church, Presbyterian." 
 
 Richmond. Mrs. W. Copeland : — "i. We have a school one mile off. 2. School-house answers tlic 
 purpose of a church ; Methodist, Presbyterian and Baptist." 
 
 RossBURN. Miss E. Lawford: — " i. Yes; and better than we had in the old land. The children 
 are brought along with their lessons very quickly. 2. Presbyterian, Methodist, and sometimes 
 English Church. They take turns in preaching in the school-house." 
 
 Rounthwaite. Mrs. E. Rounthwaite : — "i. Yes, fairly well conducted. 2. Yes, Church of England, 
 and chiefly Presbyterian." Mrs. W. Henderson says : — " i. Yes, in most places, and well 
 conducted. 2. At a reasonable distance, Methodist, Presbyterian, Episcopalian, and Roman 
 Catholic." 
 
 Ste. Agathk, Mrs. F.Jackson: — "i. Yes, and well conducted. 2. Church a mile and a-half, either 
 side of us, Presbyterian and Catholic." 
 
 St. Annes. Mrs. H. Granger: — "l. There are two schools at a reasonable distance and the 
 educational system is good. 2. There is one Roman Catholic Church within a mile." 
 
 St. Charles. Mrs. R. Adshead : — "i. Yes. Two schools, Protestant and Roman Catholic. 2. Two, 
 Protestant and Roman Catholic." 
 
 St. Francois Xavier. Mrs. S. Lumsden :— " i. Yes. 2. Catholic, one mile; Presbyterian, six miles; 
 Church of England, eight miles." 
 
 Salterville. Mrs. T. McCulloch : — "i. Schools are convenient and well conducted. 2. Yes, 
 Methodist, Presbyterian, Church of England." 
 
 Selkirk. Mrs. A. H. Vaughan : — "Good common schools, well conducted. 2. Yes; Church of 
 England, Presbyterian, Methodist, and Roman Catholic." 
 
 Shell River. Mrs. G. Butcher: — " i. A school is open three and a-half miles from us ; conducted 
 by a teacher holding an English Government certificate. 2. Church of England services are 
 held three and a-half miles away, and Presbyterian four miles distant." 
 
 Shoal Lake. Mrs. R. Findlay:— " i. Within quarter of a mile; it is the best conducted school in 
 
 Shoal Lake County." Mrs. M. Parkinson:—"!. Yes. 2. Yes; Presbyterian, Church of 
 
 England, Baptist." 
 Silver Creek. Mrs. P. Hyde :— ■" l. About a mile off ; well conducted. 2. Presbyterian, Methodist, 
 
 and Church of England." 
 Smith's Hill. Mrs. J. Armstrong:— " 1. Schools are becoming plentifu', and are generally well 
 
 conducted. 2. We have Methodist, Presbyterian, and English meeting-places, but no churches." 
 
 Snowflake. Mrs. A. H. Anderson: — " i. Our school is two miles away; well conducted. 2. Yes, 
 
 V we have Methodists : that is all here." < 
 
 SouRis. Mrs. J. A. Moir: — " i. Our school is only a mile from us, and is well conducted. 2. Yes ; 
 Presbyterian, Methodist, and Church of England." Mrs. A. B. Wenman ;— " 1. Schools are 
 
 1/ 
 
;\HAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 ^5 
 
 •;n 
 
 
 / 
 
 growing up in every direction, and are, I believe, equal to anything in the old country. They 
 are only a few miles apart. 2. We have three churches within three or four miles of us, 
 English, Methodist, and Presbyterian." 
 
 SouRiSFORD. Mrs. J. P. Alexander: — " i. No; this is one of our greatest drawbacks, but if the 
 railway was through our district (South-western Manitoba), this would soon be remedied. 
 2. No church, for the same reason as above." Mrs. R. H. Little, also from Sourisford, says : — 
 " I. We have a school within a quarter of a mile, and well c ..ducted. 2. Have service every 
 Sabbath, Presbyterian and Methodist." Mrs. J. A. McRayne: — "i. We have one within a 
 mile ; it is well conducted. 2. No churches yet, but two students, Presbyterian and 
 Methodist." 
 
 Springfield. Mrs. M. Corbett: — "i. We have schools, and they are well conducted. 2. We have 
 Church of England, Presbyterian, and Methodist, all near." 
 
 Stockto>j. Mrs. J. G. Sturgeon : — " i. Six months in the year a good school. 2. Methodist and 
 Presbyterian services held in the school-house." 
 
 Stonewall. Mrs. W. Eagles: — " There is a good school half a mile from us. I believe it is well 
 conducted. 2. There are four Protestant churches within two and a-half miles of heie." 
 Mrs. Mary Bell: — " I. Yes, within a mile. 2. Yes; Church of England, Presbyterian, Baptist, 
 Methodist." 
 
 Str.\tiiclair. Mrs. Flott : — " i. As a rule the schools are too far away from here, but well conducted. 
 2. Yes ; Presbyterian and Baptist." 
 
 Stuartburn. Mrs. M. Ramsey: — " I. No, not yet, shall soon. We have not lived in this place long: 
 our first home was twelve miles nearer town; there there are schools every three miles, well 
 conducted. 2. No church, but have service once in two weeks during summer; Presbyterian." 
 
 Si;mmer. Mrs. Sarah Cosgrave :— " I . None within a reasonable distance, 2. None within a 
 reasonable distance." 
 
 SuNNYSiDE. Mrs. J. Dodds: — " I. Very good school within a mile and a quarter. 2. Yes; Presbyterian 
 Methodist, and English Church." «■ 
 
 Swan Lake. Mrs. G. B. Gordon: — " i. School quite near and well conducted, I believe. 2. Church 
 of England about three miles off ; Methodist and Presbyterian services in school-house." 
 
 ToDDP'JRN. Mrs. J. M. Dow : — " I. Abouthalf a mile off ; well conducted. 2. Episcopal, Presbyterian, 
 and Baptist clergymen preach in the school-house near us." 
 
 Treiierne. Mrs. W. Cooper: — " i. We have schools, distance from one to four miles. I think them 
 well conducted. 2. No churches built yet, but we are supplied with services every Sunday in 
 our school-houses by Presbyterian, Methodist, and Episcopal ministers." 
 
 Turtle Mountain. Mrs. E. Broadguest:— " i. With'n four miles, but I havealways had the children 
 taught at home. 2. Church of England, Presbyterian, Methodist, and Baptist." Mrs. Ella M. 
 Turner: — " i. Shall have a school next year. 2. Two churches, three and six miles distant ; 
 Methodist and Presbyterian." 
 
 Two Rivers. Mrs. Fannie Clark : — " i. Our school is one mile away, and is well conducted. 2. Wc 
 
 have service held in the same house we live in at present, 
 reasonable distance." 
 
 We have all denominations within 
 
 ViOLADALE. Mary E. Grierson : — " 1. Violadale school is one mile from this point ; the teacher holds a 
 certificate. 2. Presbyterian and Wesleyan services are held in the school-house ; Church of 
 England services once a fortnight at a neighbour's house, one and a-half miles distant." 
 
 ViRDEN. Mrs. J. M. Sutherland: — " i. School at the door, and well conducted. 2. Presbyterian, 
 English, and Methodist." 
 
 Wakopa. Mrs. T. A. Sharpe: — "i. We have two schools, one east and one west, aboat three miles 
 distant ; they are on the whole well conducted. 2. Religious service is conducted in the 
 school-house by the Presbyterian and Established Church, but we have no church building." 
 
 Waneciie. Mrs. E. J. Gibson : — "i. We have a school less than two miles from us; it is usually 
 
 well conducted, 
 denomination." 
 
 2. Yes, we have services at a reasonable distance, and almost every 
 
36 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANAOIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 Wapaha. Mrs. T. Cook : — " i. No schools. 2. No churches. Church of England service held in 
 . private house." 
 
 Wapella. Mrs. J. M. BIythe : — " i. Seven miles off. 2. A church in conlcmplation ; part of funds 
 raised." Mrs. C, B. Slater:—" i. Yes. 2. Yes; English and Presbyterian." 
 
 Warliegh. Mrs. Wm. Howey : — " i. Yes, two ; they are well conducted. 2. Yes; Methodist." 
 
 Wattsview. Mrs. N. Bartley : — " i. Good schools, and well conducted. 2. Yes; Church of Enjjland, 
 Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian." 
 
 Westbourne. Susan Rhind : — " i. Yes; good schools near by. 2. Yes; Episcopalian and Baptist. 
 Mrs. M. Stewart: — " I. We have, and they are well conducted. 2. We have an English 
 church within five miles, and other denominations preach in the school-house." 
 
 West Hall. Mrs. E. Weightman : — " i. Wherever there are the number of children, a school has 
 been formed and a good teacher placed. 2. Not very near; Presbyterian and Methodist." 
 
 Whitemouth. Mrs. S. J. Carrigan : — "i. Yes, we have, and they are well conducted. 2. We have 
 service in our school-house by the Methodists, and Presbyterians hold service here." Mrs. 
 O. M. H. Shuman : — " i. At present we have a private school. 2. Methodist." 
 
 Winnipeg. Mrs. E. G. Conklin : — " i. There are schools available in every settled township in the 
 province, with good teachers. 2. Churches belonging to Presbyterian, Episcopal, Methodist, 
 Baptist, and Roman Catholic, all over the province." Another Winnipeg lady, who does not 
 wish her name published, writes : — " i. Both the Collegiate and Cameron Schools are of the 
 best. 2. We are blest with no denomination ; the church is a few yards off." 
 
 Wolselev, N.W.T. Mrs. A. W. Haney:— "i. We have; they are first-class. 2. We have 
 Presbyterian." 
 
 Woodlands. Mrs. H. Proctor: — "i. A good school only a few hundred yards distant, well conducted; 
 also church, post office, and storr. 2. Church of England, Presbyterian, and Wesleyan, close 
 by us, and as well attended as in England." Mrs. J. Porteous ; — '' i. We are well surrounded 
 with schools, and most of them are conducted in a first-class manner. 2. Yes ; Methodist, 
 Presbyterian, and English Church." 
 
 DAIRYING AND POULTRY RAISING. 
 
 The richness of the natural grasses of the Canadian Xorth-West is now liappily being taken 
 more advantage of among farmers. Where formerly the only method of farming was growth 
 of cereals, may now also be seen the general adoption of stock-raising, for which the country is 
 so obviously adapted. Much greater attention is in consequence being paid to dairy farming, 
 and as will ''C seen by the following replies, the pursuit is generally suicessful and profitable. 
 Poultry is very generally kept among farmers, and with every success, 'owls are, as might be 
 expected, the most numerous, and are in many instances, according to Professor Fream's report, 
 kept in very large flocks. Turkeys, geese, and ducks are also profitably maintained. Special 
 means are, of course, necessary for housing in winter, for which cither underground houses or 
 cattle sheds are useci, and this being done no losses are reported. The cheapness of bird food 
 and demand for eggs are other inducements to poultry raising. The questions asked were :— 
 
 (i) Do you consider the North-West a good country for producing butter and cheese.'' 
 
 (2) How do poultry thrive, and arc they profitable ? 
 
 Mrs. W,E. Abbott : — "i. Excellent. 2. Well; I have quite a large poultry yard." 
 
 Mrs. M, G. Anderson: — "1. Both butter and cheese are produced of excellent quality. The 
 country ofTers splendid openings for experienced dairy farmers. 2. Poultry thrive well and are very 
 profitable.*" Eggs, 8d. to is. 3d. per dozen ; dressed poultry, 8d. to lod. per pound." 
 
 Mrs J. Armstrong : — " i. There is a good deal of butter made here (Smith's Hill), but not much 
 cheese, 2. Poultry thrive well, but require great .xttention." 
 
WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NOKTII-WEST. 
 
 -»7 
 
 •n s - ^ ■ ■ . ■ gj c «, :- , — - 
 
 
 1 
 
 Mrs. E. Beesley : — " i. Yes; excellent. 2. Thrive well, and very pro.ltable. Egp;s 2 cents each 
 all the summer." 
 
 Mrs. K. S. Begg : — " i. First-rate as a dairying country; could not be beaten an/where. 2. 
 poultry thrive well, and are very profitable. Geese, ducks, turkeys and hens pay well. ' 
 
 Mrs. J. M. Blvthe : — " i. Yes; excellent cheese, equal to rich Cheshire. 2. Very well, if the 
 poultry are housed well in winter ; give little trouble." 
 
 Mrs. a. J. Bridgman' : — " i. Yes, first-class. I have made the most beautiful butter I ever saw or 
 tasted. 2. Yes, poultry thrive and do well." 
 
 Mrs. E. Broadguest : — " i. First-class in Soulhern Manitoba. I know for a certainty more can be 
 produced per cow than I have ever known before, 2. Poultry do very well, and prices for them are 
 very high." 
 
 Mrs. J. Brunt : — •' i. I think there is no bett»r country in the world, it is far ahead of Ontario for 
 butter. 2. Poultry are about the most profitable thing we have, and they thrive very well." 
 
 Mrs. E. Butcher : — " i. Excellent. Cows give more milk than in Ontario, and with our luxuriant 
 grasses make better butter. 2. Poultry do well and profitably." 
 
 Mrs. G. Butcher: — " i. I think the dairy industry will be the great work of this country. 2. 
 Poultry thrive well. They require care in winter. They are one of the most profitable investments we 
 have. We began with six chickens in 1882, now we have 80 hens." 
 
 Mrs. J. Carvers: — " i. I do ; in fact, I think the natural grasses of the prairie far ahead of the 
 same food, even of Ontario, for producing rich milk and splendid butter. 2. First-rate ; can raise any 
 amount of poultry. They are very profitable indeed." 
 
 Mrs. J. K. Champion : — " i. I consider it excellent, both are of the best qucdity. 2. Thrive well ; 
 1 have chickens hatched nth June weighing now (October) 5J lbs. (four months old).' 
 
 Mrs. J. CoNNELL: — "i. Yes, it far beats Ontario on account of the coo' evenings. 2. Poultry 
 thrive and pay well if they have a warm place in winter." 
 
rr' 
 
 28 
 
 Mrs, 
 Ontario. 
 
 WHAi WOMEN SAY OF THB CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 J. B. CosGROVE : — "i. The best in the world. 
 
 The butter is, without doubt, superior to 
 2. I bought one pair of Spanish hens, and this year raised 70 chickens (three summers)." 
 
 Mrs. Emma Cowlord :— " i. Yes. 2. They thrive well, but are not profitable on bush farms." 
 
 Mrs. J. W. Davidson :— " i. There is no better country in the world. On an average 8 lbs. of 
 milk to I lb. of cheese. 2. There is no trouble in raising poultry here." 
 
 Mrs. W. a. Doyle :—" 1. Yes, decidedly. It cannot be surpassed for that, provided those who 
 undertake the dairy farming business understand it and are particular." 
 
 Mrs. M. M. Drurv : — " i. A first-class country for dairy farming and produce. 2. Well ; I have 
 150 fowls, they are very profitable. Eggs readily find a market at Rapid City or Brandon." 
 
 Mrs. G. Forbes : — " i. Certainly it can't bn beaten if people go the right way to work ; the grasses 
 are of the best, the climate good. 2. Poultry thrive well ; plenty of eggs, and pay near towns." 
 
 Mrs. J. L. Eraser :—" i. None better. 2. Splendid. My hens continued to lay all last winter. 
 Eggs from lod. to is. 8d. per dozen ; chickens 6Jd. per lb. dressed." 
 
 Mrs. G. B. Gordon : — " i. Yes; though prices for butter at least have been very low this season. 
 2. Well. Poultry raising is generally profitable." 
 
 Mary E. Grierson : — "i. This section of country (Violadale) is more adapted for dairying 
 purposes and stock raising than for crop growing, except so much as can be consumed on the farm. 
 The yield of milk and butter can scarcely be surpassed. 2. Poultry raising is the most profitable branch 
 in the housekeeper's province. I have always been successful, and reared 160 chickens from 11 hens." 
 
 Mrs. R. Griffith : — " i. Yes, I consider it ahead of the famous Eastern Townships, as I made 
 butter and cheese there for 30 years. 2. With proper care poultry thrive and pay well." 
 
 Mrs. C. F. Haight : — " i. The North-West, except in parts where it is all plain, could not be 
 excelled for producing butter and cheese. 2. Poultry do well, and are very profitable." 
 
 Mrs. R. C. HodN^tt : — " i. There are few better countries for dairyin'g of my acquaintance. Wc 
 produce an excellent article. 2. Poultry do well, and hitherto profitable, but a likelihood of over- 
 production here (Birtle)." 
 
 Mrs. J. Hunter: — "1. It is splendid for butter, but cheese is not much made here (Neepawa). 
 Manufactured rennet is very scarce. 2. Poultry thrive splendidly, and very profitable." 
 
 Mrs J. Kelly : — "i. Manitoba produces more butter and cheese to the pound of milk than Ontario, 
 2, Poultry do well ; are quite an item in farm produce." 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth Kenny : — " 1. Yes; cows give better milk and more than in Ontario. Butter 
 asses as Ai, 2. Thrive well and are profitable." 
 
 Miss E. Lawford : — " i. There could not be better, as the milk is far richer than in the old 
 country, and there is plenty of pasture. 2. If they have a warm house in winter they pay well. I know 
 a great many who keep house with their egg-money." 
 
 Clementina Livingstone : — "i. Not nearly so good as the old country. The cows do rot yield 
 the same quantity of butter. 2. Poultry thrive, but I do not think they are profitable here (Lake 
 Francis)." 
 
 Mrs. M. M. Logan : — " i. I think it cannot be excelled for producing butter. I do not know about 
 cheese, 2, All kind of poultry thrive well and are profitable." 
 
 Mrs. M. Lowe : — " l. There is no limit to the hay or pasture. 2. Poultry do well if well fed, and 
 are profitable. We kept 100 poultry over last winter, and will keep 150 this winter." 
 
 Mrs. T. McGee : — "i. First class, better than Ontario, as the grass is very rich and nutritious. 
 s. They thrive well and are profitable, the lowest price in summer for eggs is $A. to lod. per dozen." 
 
 Miss McGill: — " i. Yes, excellent, nnd because of the dry climate cattle winter more easily and 
 are fatter and stronger in tbf spring than in Ontario, 
 warm in winter." 
 
 2. Poultry thrive well ; but must have a house 
 
 Mrs. p. McKay : — '' First class. 2. Poultry thrive well, the profit depends on the price of eggs." 
 
 Mrs. Jean McKenzie . ■- ' i. First class for both butter and cheese. I have made both in Scotland 
 and Ontario, and I consider I can make them better here than in either of those countries, which I 
 attribute considerably to our cool summer nights and nutritive native grasses, 2. Poultry thrive well, 
 and are both profitable and useful." 
 
WHAT WOMEN SAY OP THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 ap 
 
 )f 
 
 Mary M. Muckle : — "i. Decidedly; butter of good quality a/way* commanding a good price. 
 2. Excellently, and with intelligent management poultry are very profitable. Eggs in winter are wortli 
 from IS. Cd. to 2s. a dozen." 41 
 
 Mrs. a. Naismith : — " i. The best I have ever seen. The cows we brought with us give about a 
 quarter more milk than in Ontario. 2. Poultry thrive well ; very profitable." 
 
 Mrs. M. Ogletree : — " i. No better country in the world, to my knowledge. I make both 
 cheese and butter. 2. If kept warm and fed well poultry do well and are very profitable." 
 
 Mrs. J. W. Parker: — " i. I believe it to be the best in the world. It is certainly better than 
 Ontario, which is famous for its production of these articles. 2. They thrive splendidly, and are very 
 profitable. I have as fipe geese, turkeys, ducks and hens, as I ever saw anywhere, healthy and easily 
 raised." 
 
 Mrs. a. Pickering : — " i. Yes. 2. Thrive well enough, but I have not made much by them. I 
 think if I had a different breed I should do better." 
 
 Mrs. E. Pollock -. — " i. I consider it far superior to any other I was ever in. 2. They do very 
 well, and eggs are a good price." 
 
 Mrs. H. Proctor : — " i. No bett.er in the known world for good butter and cheese. This I know 
 by 20 years' experience in England as a butter-maker. 2. Poultry thrive well, and have been very 
 profitable with us." 
 
 Mrs. Susan Rhind :— "i. Yes, first rate. 2. Very well and profitable. I have a large number 
 of poultry." 
 
 Mrs. J. Rutherford: — "l. The North-West produces the best butter and cheese on this 
 continent. 2. Poultry thrive well if cared for, and they are the most profitable things on the farm." 
 
 Mrs. T. a. Sharpe : — " i. None better. 2. They thrive well. Our hens laid all last winter, with 
 a moderately comfortable house and good feed." 
 
 Mrs. J. M. Sherk : — " i. Excellent. Butter made here being fully as good as can be made in any 
 part of Ontario. 2. Poultry thrive well with suitable winter quarters, and are profitable." 
 
 Mrs. O. H. M. Shuman . — " i. I have seen very fine butter produced in the North-West, and 
 there are great facilities for cheese factories. 2. Poultry do as well here as anywhere." 
 
 Mrs. J. G. Sturgeon: — " i. With butter at ten cents (sd.) per pound here (Stockton), scarcely. 
 Cheese would pay well. 2. Most kinds of poultry do well." 
 
 Mrs. J. Sutherland : — " i. Excellent ; by a careful test it has been shown that 9§ lbs. of our milk 
 are equal to 1 1 lbs. of Ontario (for cheese) ; butter equally excellent. 2. Poultry thrive well, and are in 
 good demand." 
 
 Mrs. R. p. Thompson : — " i. Yes, most excellent. We milked nine cows this last summer, and 
 made a lot of fine butter, which sold at 20 cents (lod.) per lb. in Winnipeg, and cheese sold at 
 14 cents (yd.). 2. They thrive well, and are very profitable." 
 
 Mrs. W. E. Tisdale: — "i. Yes; and we find by experience that cattle will produce 25 per cent, 
 more here on the natural pasturing than on the best fields of the Eastern provinces. 2. Poultry thrive 
 well, and are very profitable." 
 
 Mrs. TuRNBULL: — "i. Yes. 2. Poultry thrive well, though this year has not been so good for 
 them." 
 
 Mrs. E. Weightman : — " i. Very good butter. Cheese has been made by a good many people 
 this summer, and sold well. We expect to do more in that way next year. 2. My poultry do well ; 
 turkeys and hens are all I have as yet tried." 
 
 Mrs. a. B. Wenman : — " i. I thin'^ this a fine country for both butter and cheese. I know our 
 butter is splendid. 2. Poultry do pay well ; our hens lay all the winter." 
 
 Mrs. M. Whimster : — " i. Yes, I do, and I have had long experience. This is the best butter 
 country 1 have ever seen. 2. Poultry thrive well, and are profitable." 
 
30 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST, 
 
 PRICES OP PROVISIONS AND CLOTHIFJQ. 
 
 In a new country such as the Canadian Norlh-West, where but little attention has as yet 
 been paid to the local manufactory of cloth, linen, and other clothing materials, there naturally 
 exists a difTerencc, larger in some parts and smaHcr in others, between the current prices of 
 Rtich articles, and the charges made in older-settled countries. Time, however, with the advent 
 of railways, increased settlement and enterprise, does not take long to remedy any 'inequality of 
 this nature, while it must also be remembered that the natural produce of the country is so 
 alnindant as to enable the settler to afford any such prices. The questions asked on these 
 points were as follows. The full postal addresses of the writers may be found given in 
 connection with previous replies :— 
 
 1. Can you obtain the ordinary necessaries of life without difficulty, and at reasonable 
 charges ? 
 
 2. Is clothing more expensive than it was in the country you came from, and can it be 
 obtained easily? 
 
 Mrs. W. E. Abbott : — " i. Quite as reasonable as we could in Ontario. 2. Very little difference in 
 clothing; easily obtairved." 
 
 Mrs. J. P. Alexander : — " i. Yes, and quite 50 per cent, cheaper than at home (Scotland). 2. 
 Clothing not more expensive, but scarcely equal in quality." 
 
 Mrs. M. G. Anderson : — " i. Necessaries of life are easily obtainable, and at rather less cost than 
 in England. 2. Clothing easily obtainable, rather dearer. I would therefore advise emigrants to bring 
 i'.ll the clothing they possibly can." 
 
 Mrs. E. Ashby : — " i. Yes. 2. Rather more expensive out in the country." 
 
 Mrs. S. J. Batcock : — "i. Yes, everything can be got at reasonable prices. 2. I find that 
 clothing is no more expensive, and can be got in any quantity." 
 
 Mrs. a. Bell : — " i. Yes, even the greatest luxuries. Weighty articles are considerably higher, 
 such as hardware, &c. 2. Very little difference th clothing; easily obtained." 
 
 Mrs. H. Bell : — "i. Yes. 2. When we came first, clothing was dear; we can get it very 
 reasonable now." 
 
 Mrs. a. Bethune : — " i. We have six stores here (Portage la Prairie), and get sugar 16 lbs. at 
 4s. 2d., 4 lbs. tea at the same price, and dry goods nearly as cheap as in many parts of Ontario. 2. Many 
 clothing things are about the same ; woollen and cotton goods a little dearer." 
 
 Mrs. J. M. Blythe -. — " i. Yes. 2. More expensive (Blythewood, Wapella), and not so good." 
 
 Mrs. N. Brown (Rev.) : — " i. There is nothing but can be obtained here (High Bluff, Man.), and 
 almost all at reasonable prices. 2. Clothing quite as cheap as in Ontario, but dearer than in England. 
 Everything can be obtained easily, from the plainest to the most elaborate." 
 
 Mrs. J. N. Burgess : — " i. Yes. 2. Some things are dearer here (Fleming, N.W.T.), and some 
 things are not." 
 
 Mrs. G. Butcher : — " i. Yes. 2. Clothing more expensive here (Russell, Shell River), especially 
 boots and sfioes, the latter of poor quality and workmanship. Clothing can be easily obtained at all 
 the stores." 
 
 Mrs. J. Carvers : — "i. Fully as easily as in Ontario. 2. A little more expensive, but working 
 people can have more means to obtain them than in Ontario." 
 
 Mrs. J. Chester : — " i. Yes, you can get anything here, and very reasonable. One can live well 
 •and cheaply. 2. I find very little difference in prices, you can get any clothing necessary here." 
 
 Mrs. a. M. Chrisp : — " i. Yes, reasonable prices. 2. Moderate, but very inferior here (Elkhorn)." 
 
 Mrs. a. C. Clarke : — " i. Yes, but at enormous prices here (Cartwright). 2. Yes, clothing 
 10 per cent, more, without m.uch difficulty." 
 
ca 
 
 WHAT WOMEN S>AY Of THE CANAniAN NORTH-WEST. 3 I 
 
 Mrs. R T. Siead: — " i. Yes, provisions obtained without difficulty here (Cartwright), and at 
 reasonable charges. 2. Easily obtain clothing ; not more expensive." 
 
 Mks. Wm. Cooper :— " i. Yes, a e within reasonable distance of four stores. 2. Clothine is more 
 expensive, but can be obtained easily." 
 
 Mrs Wm. S. Cresaer:— "i. Yes, plenty of convenient stores here (Silver Creek); charges 
 reasonable. 2. Clothing can be obtained 'lere. Cotton as cheap, but woollen higher." 
 
 Mrs. J. W. Davidson ;—" i. There is plenty of everything, as cheap as many countries. 2. It 
 is cheaper than in Ontario. 
 
 Mrs. a. Dovden : — " i. We can. 2. Clothes not very expensive now. Everything we buy is at a 
 very reasonable price." j t, j 
 
 Mrs R. Downie :— " i. Yes ; since the opening of IheC.P.R. and its brandies, nearly everytlu'ng 
 n be obtained for money. 2. Not much difference in price of clothing, it can easily be obtained." 
 
 Mrs. M. a. Empev :— " i. As well as in most country places. 2. If you have money there ii r.o 
 trouble; clothing is not unreasonable in price." 
 
 Mrs S. Fi.\n :— " i. Yes. 14 lbs. of sugar for 4s. 2d. ; flour 8s. 4d. for 100 lbs, and other things 
 equally cheap. 3. Ready-made clothing is che.ip." 
 
 „,. ^^RS. T. Frame:— " I. Yes. 2. Ten per cent, more for clothing ; but can be easily obtained here 
 (Virden)." 
 
 Mrs. Gardi.ver : — '■ i. Yes. 2. I found clothing more expensive when I came, but everythinsr 
 is cheaper now." 
 
 Annie Gregory:— "I. Yes. 2. Woollens can be obtained easily, but not so good. Boots and 
 other suitable clothing for the country are cheaper." 
 
 Mary E. Grierson :— " i. Yes, and goods are becoming cheaper each year and of a better 
 quality. 2. Good clothing is more expensive, but working clothes are much the same as in Encland." 
 
 Mrs. W. B. Hall : — " i. All home comforts and even luxuries are cheap now. 2. Very little if 
 any difference in price of clothing, and if one has the means all kinds are to be had at a reasonable 
 figure." 
 
 Mrs. A. W. Haney:— " i. I can. There is everything here that heart can wish for, cheap anc) 
 good. 2. I don't think there ii much difference in price of clothing, and it can be easily obtained." 
 Ann Hoard: — " i. Yes. 2. No more expensive than at Michigan, when I was there." 
 
 Mrs. T. Huddleston :— " i. Yes, very reasonable. 2. Very little difTerence in clothing, if any • 
 th'; . \ilway having made great changes since my first coming here." ' ' 
 
 Mrs. D. Hysop: — " i. Yes, can easily obtain provisions, and reasonably. At first it was dilTicult, 
 as we had to go 60 miles to get things at a reasonable rate. 2. Can now obtain clothing easilv, as 
 there are several stores within short distance, and one does not require expensive clothing here." ' ' 
 
 Lavinia Jefferv : — " I. The farm produces abundantly all we need except clothing ; the dairy 
 more than covers all groceries. 2. AH clothing can be obtained easily, but at a dearer rate here 
 (Minnedosa) than in Ontario." 
 
 Anne Johnston : — " i. Can obtain necessaries of life very reasonably. 2. Clothing is very cheao 
 and can be oblained easily." ' ' ' 
 
 Mrs. J. H. L. Joslyn (Rev.) :— " i. No difficulty, but cost 25 per cent, here (Broadview, N.W.T ) 
 above Ontario. 2. Clothing 50 per cent, here, and medium quality." ' 
 
 Mrs. S. Lumsden : — " i. Yes. 2. More expensive, but can be obtained anywhere you may settle." 
 Mrs. J. Leech:— "1. We even get both the neceKSr.ries and luxuries of life at very reasonable 
 rates. 2. There is no difficulty in procuring all kind;? of clothing here. Prices slichtiy in advance 
 of Ontario prices." '^ 
 
 Mrs. M. Lowe :- " i. We cannot complain at all. 2. Since the last two years clothing can be got 
 very reasonable." ^ 
 
 MiH/D. }. McCuiSH :— " I. We can. 2. Clothes are about 10 per cent, dearer here (Morden)." 
 
 Mrs. M. McGregor :—" I. All the necessaries of life are easily obtained at a reasonable price. 
 2. Clothing is as cheap here as in Ontario." 
 
 I 
 
3a 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 Mrs. M. McKay (Rev.) :—" I. Prices usually not unrcason«ble. 2. Clothes considerably dearer 
 here (Strathclair), but everything is getting cheaper and cheaper every season." 
 
 Mrs. Jean McKenzie :— •" i. This is now the case, formerly it was not the case before the rail- 
 ways were built. 2. Clothing is considerably more expensive here than in the old country, but of 
 course easily obtained." 
 
 Mrs. R. Owen : — " i. Ym. 2. Clothing can be got for about the same price." 
 
 Mrs. J. W. Parker : — " l. Yes, and always could. 2. Clothing is easily obtained, and cheap." 
 
 Mrs. A. Pickering : — "1. Yes, provisions are getting more reasonable all the time. 2. I think 
 that now clothing is almost as cheap as in Ontario." 
 
 Hannah Proctor : — " 1. Yes, and at reasonable prices, and the variety is equal to the rural part 
 of England. 2. Clothing can be obtained easily at prices about as cheap as in England. Much re* 
 duced since 1873." 
 
 Mrs. H. Sanderson: — " 1. We have good stores (Minnedosa), and prices are more moderate 
 since we got the railway. 2. Yes, clothing is more expensive, but our stores have excellent stocks." 
 
 Mrs. p. J. Sherlock: — " i. The necessaries of life are cheap and easily obtained. 2. Clothing 
 easily obtained here (Rosser) at a slight advance in price." 
 
 Mrs. W. E. Tisdale: — "i. Yes. 2. I can clothe my family as cheaply here as in the old 
 Provinces." 
 
 Mrs. Turnbull: — "i. Yes, but everything very expensive here (Rapid City). 2. Clothing is 
 rather more expensive here than where I came from, but can get everything here." 
 
 Mrs. E. M. Turner : — " i. Necessaries can be obtained very easily and reasonable. 2. As far as 
 my experience goes, I do not think clothing is much more expensive." 
 
 Mrs. M. Wiiimster: — " i. Yes. 2. Clothing was more expensive, but now it is reasonably 
 cheap and much improved." 
 
 Mrs. G. M. Yeomans : — " 1. Yes, and prices are moderate. 2. Clothing costs less hsre, for all use 
 stronger materials, and it is easily obtained." 
 
 DEMAND FOR SERVANT GIRLS. 
 
 The following answers, from nearly all districts of the Canadian North-West, show 
 conclusively that a large demand exists for " hard-working honest girls " as farm helps or as 
 general servants. Of course, with girls, as with those of the male se.x, there must be a 
 determination to apply oneself with cheerfulness and industry to the kind of life met with on 
 the prairie. The questions asked were :^ 
 
 (i) Can hard-working honest girls easily obtain situations at good wages on farms or 
 households in the North-West, and what advice, in this respect, would you give to young girls 
 who contemplate making the North-West their home ? 
 
 (2) Please state, if possible, the general wages paid to girls as cooks, housemaids, and 
 farm helps ? ■ ■ . 
 
 Alameda. Mrs. G. S. McCaughey: — " i. A few girls can obtain good wages here, but there are not 
 many required yet. 2. 32s. per month is generally what is paid." Mrs. C. Troyer also says, 
 writing from Alameda : — " i. Yes, and girls who never worked. 2. From £1 to ;^3 per week." 
 
 Alexandria. Mrs. G. Cheasley : — " i. There is a lot of work at good wages for girls, but it is as well 
 for them to keep out of towns, and particularly not to hire at hotels and boarding-houses 
 after coming here. 2. From i6s. to 32s. per month for farm help; mostly about £1 per 
 month." Mrs. T. D. Elliott says : — " i. Good girls can get plenty of good places at good wage§ 
 then marry good young men with good farms. 2. From ^i to £2" 
 
WHAT WOMEN SAY OF TUB CANADIAN NORTH-WLST. 
 
 33 
 
 u 
 
 Almasippi. Mrs. W. Smith : — " i. Girls can find good situations. Wages on farms from £i to £2 
 per month, and in cities from £2 to ^20 per month. They arc in great demand." 
 
 Archibald, Mrs. R. Owens : — " i. Any decent girl who is willing to work can obtain fair wages the 
 year around. 2. Cooks, £2; housemaids, £2 8s. ; and for farm helps 32s. to £2 per month." 
 Mrs. A. Bethune : — "i. Good girls are very scarce here, at from £2 to £2 per month. My 
 only advice would be to them, keep good company, be willing to work, have a knowledge ol 
 cooking and housework in general, and not to get married the minute their first month is 
 finished." 
 
 AssiNiBOiNE. Mrs. A, Gowler : — " i. Yes, very easily. Any amount of work, and good wages. 2. 
 From 32s. to £4." 
 
 Austin. Mrs. H. M. Hall: — " i. Situations are easily obtained here, and good wages. 2. From £2 
 to £t^ a month." 
 
 Baie St. Paul. Mrs. M. J. Taylor': — " i. There is a great demand fcr the kind of girls you speak of, 
 with a prospect of bettering themselves very shortly. 2. Cooks £4 per month, housemaids 
 £2, and farm helps £1 iza." 
 
 Balgonie. Mrs. R. N. Le-:;p.-\rt : — " i. From £2 to ^'3 a month. Should advise them to bring their 
 mothers with them. 2. ;^5 4s. a month for cooks." 
 
 Beautiful Plains. Mrs. E. J. Gardiner : — " i. Good honest girls can do well in this country, and 
 can obtain good wages. This is a fine country for girls who want to work. 2, The general 
 wages for girls are from £1 12s. to £2 per month." 
 
 Beulah. Mrs. A. B. Harris : — " i. I think many farmers would employ female labour if good girls 
 could be got for say i6s. to £1 2s. per month, but at present £2 to £4 is what good girls are 
 asking per month. As the country is largely settled with bachelors, good girls do not require 
 to be long at service as they can soon get homes of their own. 2. In cities, £2 to £4 ; in the 
 country, £l I2s. to £2 8s." 
 
 Bird's Hill. Mrs. C. C. Clitten : — " i. Girls can easily get good situations and good wages. Would 
 again advise young girls to learn general domestic work ; that is the great demand, and brings 
 good pay. 2. From £2 per month to ^5, according to their ability." 
 
 Birtle. Mrs. C. E. Minton : — " i. Good working girls are in great demand at all times. None but 
 the strong and healthy should come. If possible they should come as the daughters or sisters 
 of other immigrants, and in all Cuses provided with a letter to a clergyman from their former 
 clergyman." Mrs. F. Robbie says : — " i. Good girls are wanted in towns and cities, some- 
 times on farms. There are lots of well-to-do bachelors who are wanting wives, and good, 
 honest hardworking girls can soon find homes of their own. 2. Cooks £2 to £4 ; housemaids 
 and farm helps, £1 4s. to £2 8s., according to age and experience." 
 
 Blvthfield. Mrs. J. W. Parker:—" i. Such girls are in great demand always, in fact the want of 
 such help is one of the greatest drawbacks to the life of farmers' wives in this country. Their 
 future here would be assured. The country is full of good homes and good situations for such 
 girls. 2. From £l 4s. to £2 4s., according to qualifications." 
 
 Bradwardine. Mrs. J. Parr: — "i. Yes, any number of them; come right here and they will get 
 good wages. 2. Farm helps, from £2 to £2 8s.; cooks, from ;^'5 to ;^io ; housemaids, from £2 
 to £4." 
 
 Brandon. .Mrs. H. Bartlett : — " i. Good girls can obtain very good wages, from £2 to £2 4s. in town, 
 and £1 I2S. to £2 in the country." Mrs. G. Roddick says: — " i. Vcs, very readily. Bring a 
 note of introduction to some minister, and there will be no difTiculty. 2. They receive from 
 £1 i2s.to £2 8s. per month." 
 
 Broadview. Mrs. J. H. L. Joslyn (Rev.) : — " i. There is demand, but few would supply the need. 
 The bachelors want wives the rather, 2 Cooks, £2 per month ,, housemaids, £2 • and farm 
 help?, £2." 
 
 Burnside. Mrs. J. R. Fox : — " i. They can obtain situations ea<^ily anywhere, but wages are not as 
 high as they were two years ago 2. Wages of housemaids and farm helps from £1 3s. to £2 
 per month ; cooks higher." Mrs. S. J. Smith : — " i . They can get good situations and big wages. 
 I would give a good girl, for the year round, £2 a month. If a girl has any friends, she had 
 better go to them and they will get her a good place, or if she has none, let her come to Burn- 
 side, I will get her a good place. 2. For good cooks, from £2 to ^3." 
 
o4 
 
 WHVT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 Calgary. Mrs. E. Robb : — " i. Good servant girls arp scarce, and can easily obtain good places at 
 good wages {£2 to £$ per month), and finally good husbands. 2. Cooks, £6 to £S per 
 month ; housemaids and farm helps, £2 to £s per month." 
 
 Carberry. Mrs. L. J. Lowes: — " i. Good girls can obtain situations at from £2 to £2 8s. per 
 month on farms, and stand good chances of making homes for themselves. 2. Cooks, ^,3 ; 
 housemaids, £2 83. ; farm helps, £2." 
 
 Carman. Mrs. L. McKnight : — " i. Plenty of work for girls and good wages. Girls do not commonly 
 work ont doors, there being sufficient housework for them to do. It is, however, advisable for 
 them to marry, as there are many bachelors in this new country. 2. Housemaids, from £1 I2s. 
 to £2 per month." 
 
 CaRTWRIGht. Mrs. J. Grimby : — " I. Yes, girls are scarce; great demand and good wages. We 
 want a large number of working girls. 2. From £i 12s. to £4. per month." 
 
 Chater. Mrs. P. W. Davies (Rev.): — " i. General servants are in good demand in many parts of the 
 country, and I would advise girls coming out with the intention of going out to service to 
 advertise in the Manitoba Free Press, or have some friend to make it known publicly where they 
 may be found." 
 
 Clearwater. Mrs. K. Lawrence : — " i . The great trouble in this country is there are not enough girls to 
 dr 'he work, and I often wonder if there is such a lot of girls in England out of work why they 
 don't come here, as here a good girl would not be one day without a place. I would gladly 
 answer any girl who wishes to come out here, and even get her a place. All the talent she 
 needs is to be respectable and industrious. 2. Farm helps, from £1 4s. to £2." 
 
 If they cannot obtain situations as 
 2. From £1 45. to £2 and £2-" 
 
 Crystal City. Mrs. W. Parr: — " i. Yes, girls are very scarce, 
 servants, I think they can as Mrs. for some lone bachelor. 
 
 Dalton. Mrs. G. M. Yeomans : — " i. Yes, and any who wish to settle down as farmers' wives, they can 
 certainly do so by working in some farmer's family." 
 
 Dominion City. Mrs. R. W. Dick: — " i. Yes. 2. From £2 to £2" 
 
 Dundee. Mrs. L. McDermot. " i. Good working girls can easily get employment at fair wages on 
 farms, as girls are scarce. 2. Cooks in hotels, £2 to £2 per month ; farm helps, £1 2s. to 
 £2 per month." 
 
 Edmonton. Mrs. H. T. Taylor : — " i. Yes, there is a great demand for servants ; there are not any 
 girls here, consequently housekeepers have to do their own work. 2. No scale of wages, but 
 £2 a month is generally paid to native girls." 
 
 Elkhorn. Mrs. C. H. Freeman : — " It is harder work to get a situation now at good wages than when 
 I came here, but I think they can do well working out ; they can make a good living if they 
 will work. 2. When I came here the wages for cooks was £8 to ;^I2, and housemaids and 
 farm helps £2 to ;^4 a month." 
 
 Emerson. Mrs. A. M. Duensing : — " i. They can easily obtain siuations at good wages, and I would 
 advise them, that when they have a good place, that is, good treatment, good and plenty to 
 eat and drink, and a good bed, to stay in their place, and not to follow too soon the example 
 of the majority of the Canadian girls, to think that they are ladies and thit work is a disgrace. 
 2. At present cooks from 12 to 20 dollars {£2 8s. to £4) per month ; housemaids, 8 to 12 
 dollars {£i 12s. to £2 8s.) the month." 
 
 F.\IRM0UNT. Henrietta McGill : — " i. Yes, young girls that understand milking and doing general 
 housework, can obtain situations easily at good wages. They will do even better on farms 
 than in towns, as the dangers are less. 2. Cooks, from 15 to 20 dollars {£2 to £4. per month) ; 
 housemaids, 8 to 10 dollars (;^i 12s. tO;^2) ; farm helps, from 6 to 8 dollars (;^i 4s. to ^i 12s)." 
 
 Gladstone. Mrs. D. J. Gerow : — " i. Girls can find work at good wages, and so come along as many 
 as can. The only trouble is they are sure to be picked up by our numerous bachelor neighbours. " 
 
 Glendoro. Mrs. Duncan : — " x. They can. I would say let them not be afraid to put their shoulder 
 to the wheel and all will be well. 2. General servant in town, 12, 15, and 20 dollars (^2 S:., 
 £2 and £4) a month. In country, 10 and 12 dollars {£2 and £2 8s.)." 
 
 Grange. Mrs. Gardiner : — " i. Yes, I think it is a very good country for working girls, far belter than 
 in Scotland. 2. Girls get from 12 to 15 dollars {£2 8s. to £2) P^^ month, and are always in 
 great demand," 
 
 <» 
 
 ' 
 
WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 35 
 
 GRiiEisWooD. Mrs. T. Bowman : — " i. It really coul^l not be beaten, for R^ol piris can get alinrnt 
 any wages they ask ; they can easily gut 15 d )ll.irs {£X) per month. WcuilJ advise any girl 
 to come that can, for she will make as much in one month here as in three elsewhere, j. As 
 cooks, men can get 60 dollars {£i2) per month, a female 20 to 25 dollars (£^ to i,';), ho'-is:- 
 maids 12 to 15 dollars {£2 Ss to £2). For farm helps 10 to 15 dollars {£2 to £2).'' 
 
 Grenfkll. Meta G. Anderson : — " 1. Hard working and honest girls can easily obtain situations at 
 good wages on farms and otherwise, and bachelors abound. My advice to them is ' Be y.^ 
 humble.' 2. Wages of servants: Good cooks at hotels /j. to £;^ per month, in privjtfT 
 families £2 to £2. Housemaids from £2. Farm helps £1 to £2, acconling to age and 
 experience. Middle-aged women unJers'.anding farmwork can obtain good homes and "•ooJ 
 wages." 
 
 IIradi.nGI.ey. Mrs. a. C. Dawson : — "i. Yes, wish I could get one. Let them take places in t''3 
 country even at small wages rather than in towns. 2 In Winnipi;g a cook received from 
 20 to 30 dollars (£4 to ^6). Housemaids 10 to 15 dollars {£2 to ^'3). Farm helps 5 dollars 
 {£1) upwards." 
 
 High Bluff. Mrs. N. Brown (Rev.) :—" 1. There are plenty of good places both on farms and in 
 towns where girls can get good wages. I consider that good girls hnve a better chance to get 
 on here than in any other place in the world. 2. On farms, from 8 to 12 dollars (^'^ 12s. to 
 £2 8s.) per month, and in towns from 10 to 20 dollars {£2 to £^)." 
 
 Kii.DON'AN East. Mrs. I. SutherlanJ : — " i. Honest working girls are in great demand, not only as 
 helps, but the country being overrun with bachelors no one can hope to keep a girl more than 
 a few months, and in many cases but a few weeks, when she is married and away. 2. Cooks 
 £2 per month. Housemaids £2 los. Farm helps £1 123, These are the average wage; '' 
 
 KiLLARNEY. Mrs. D. Hysop: — " 1. Think that good honest girls will always find employment here at 
 good wages. 2. General servants out here get from 8to 15 dollars (£1 123. to £2) per month." 
 
 Lake Fbancis. Ann Hoard : — " i. Plenty of employment at good wages for right kind of girls, that 
 is those who cari cook and do general housework. 2. From 8 to 15 dollars {£i 12s. to ^,'3) 
 in country for good general servants." 
 
 Manitou. Mrs. R. D. Foley : — " i. Yes, very good wages can be had, and plenty of demand, in fact 
 good girls are scarce. 2. Fr6m 8 to 10 dollars {£1 I2s. to £2) in private families." 
 
 Meadow Lea. Mrs. W. J. Bodkin ; — " i. Yes, girls, that is good girls, are in great demand, and 
 command good wages. My advice is to stop as long as they can in one place and save money, 
 instead of racing about the country, looking for higher wages. 2. Housemaids and farm 
 helps from 8 to 12 dollars (;^i 12s. to £2 8s.) per month, with board." 
 
 Medicine Hat. Mrs. A. J. Bridgman: — " i. Ye.^, they can easily get situations. 1 woild advise 
 them to get in private families if possible. 2. Cooks get from 25 to 30 dollars (^5 to £6) 
 per month, housemaids get from 15 to 20 (.^3 to £4)." 
 
 MiLLFORD. Mrs. J. B. K. Wilson: — "i. Yes, they can always get place and fair wages, and marry 
 more promising young men than from where they come from, for it is ambition that brings 
 them here, and it will not be cast down. 2. Hotel cooks, from 10 dollars (£2) and upwards, 
 housemaids and general servants on farms, from 5 to 10 dollars (;^i to £2) a month, according 
 to strength and understanding." 
 
 MiNNEDOSA. Lavinia Jeffey ; — " 1. Boys are more in demand thin girls ; few girls will accommodate 
 themselves to the work of a N.W. farm, and the towns and cities are at present over supplied. 
 2. Fro:n 9 to 20 dollars (^i i6s. to ;^4) per month." Mrs. J. M. Wellwood (Rev.): — " i. Yes, get 
 the address of some good families, come direct and stick to their place. They will get from 6 to 12 
 dollars (^i 4s. to £2 8s.) in private families, according to their strength and knowledge ot 
 household work. 2. From 6 to 12 dollars, (^1 43.10 £2 8s). As a rule, only one servant is 
 kept, who is supposed to do general work." 
 
 KfooSE Jaw. Mrs. E. Beesley : — " i. Plenty of work in town for industrious girls 2. 15 1025 
 dollars {£2 to £s) per month." 
 
 Nelson. Mrs. T. N. Wilson (Rev.) : — " ;. Honest willing girls are much needed all over the country, 
 and it would be well for girls coming out to realize their true station, and understand that they 
 have to work honestly and not be carried away with too high ideas, coming into a new country, 
 which too often unfit them for their work. They will be much appreciated and sought for. 
 
 •" 2. Cooks ;f36y> housemaids jf2o to ;^30, farm helps ;^i8 to £2$ per year." 
 
36 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OP THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST, 
 
 NlVERVH-LE. Mrs. G. W. Craven : — " i. Yes ; my advice to young girls would be when they get a 
 situation to stop, and not to expect too much until they get acquainted with the country, and 
 not want to go from one place to another. 2. Housemaids and farm helps would get about lo 
 dollars {£2) a month." 
 
 Oakburn. Mrs. J. Menzies : — " i. Yes, good girls can easily obtain situations at good wages, and 1 
 think any young girl will be happy here. 2. Cooks, I think, 12 dollars {£2 8s.), housemaids 
 6 to 8 dollars (£1 4s. to £1 i2s.) per month." 
 
 0.\i. Lake. Mrs. A. Malcolm : — " i. There are any amount of situations here for good honest girls. 
 2, Housemaids and farm helps, 8 to 15 dollars (;^l 12s, to £2) per month." 
 
 Oak River. Mrs. D. D. Fraser : — "i. They can, quite easily. Come at once, as girls are scarce. 
 2. Cooks, as high as 40 dollars (;^8) ; farm helps, 10 to 15 dollars {£2 to £2)." 
 
 Pendennis. Mrs. T. R. Horner: — " l. Good girls can easily find good situations at good wages, as 
 good girls are rcarce. 2. Farm helps, from 8 to 10 dollars (32s. to £2) per month, and cooks 
 in hotels have f -om 25 dollars (;^5) upwards." 
 
 Pilot Mound. Mrs. J. Farquharson: — " i. Hardworking, honest girls are much required for household 
 work, 2. I think perhaps from 6 to 10 dollars (24s. to £2) per month, board included." 
 
 Pipestone. Mrs. W. Lothian : — " i. There is a good demand for such. The wages (especially in the 
 towns) are better than at home. 2. Cooks, 15 to 25 dollars per month {£2 to ;^5) ; housemaids, 
 12 to 15 dollars {£2 8s. to £2) ; farm, helps 8 to 12 dollars (32s. to £2 8s)." 
 
 Pleasant Home. Mrs. E. Yeskey : — " 1. Good girls willing to work arc needed all over the country. 
 I would advise them to bring all the serviceable clothes they can, and if they have friends to 
 have some place ready to come to. 2. On farms, from 6 to 10 dollars (24s. to £2). I cannot 
 state the wages for anything else." 
 
 Poplar Point. Jane Stainger: — " i. Unless they have friends here or places appointed to go to, 1 
 would not advise them to come. 2. All the way from 5 to 15 dollars a month {£1 to £;}), 
 and perhaps more." 
 
 Portage la Prairie. Mrs. B. Franklin: — "i. Yes, if they are willing to work. There is a great 
 scarcity of girls because none here like to go to work on a farm, because they have to assist 
 with the milking (a good healthy exercise). My advice would be : ' Don't be afraid of good 
 honest work, even if it sometimes be hard.' 2. From 9 to 12 dollars (36s. to £2 8s.) per month, 
 in towns, to general servants. I do not know about the country." Mrs. A. Scott: — " i. A 
 large number of honest girls, such as a farmer's wife could take into her family without fear, 
 would find good homes and good wages. We will willingly teach them the customs of the 
 country." 
 
 Rapid City. Mrs. J. N. Davidson : — " i. There is a great demand for working girls here. The only 
 troi'jie is they get married before they have been here six months, or a year at most. There 
 are only two single girls in this township, and I could not say how many bachelors. 2. Cooks 
 in hotels get from 15 to 25 dollars a month {£3 to £5) ; farm-girls get from 7 to 20 dollars 
 (^i 8s. to ;^4), according to what they can do." Mrs. M. M. Drury : — " 1. Yes, in certain 
 localities. Let them apply to the minister of whatever denomination they belong to as a 
 precautionary measure. Bring plain, comfortable clothing, and sufficient good sense to avoid 
 all romantic ideas of accepting the first offer of marriage on arriving here ; also frivolous 
 notions about dress, reading novels, and the like. Set themselves to work steadily to learn 
 the ways of housekeeping in this country, after which they may prove bright ornaments to the 
 bachelor-farmers' homes." 
 
 Rat Portage. Mrs. M. Gadbois : — "i. Yes; get acquainted with the country before getting too 
 independent in their own minds. 2. From 8 to 15 dollars (323. to £2) per month." 
 
 Reaburn. Mrs. J. K, Champion: — " i. Hard working, honest girls are in demand at reasonable 
 wages. 2. Farm helps get from 8 to 10 dollars (32s. to £2) a month." 
 
 Regina. Mrs. G. T. Boulding : — " i. I think there is plenty of work for good girls, at good wages. 
 2. Good cooks get 20 dollars {£4) or more a month; others from 7 to 15 dollars (28s. to £2) 
 a month, according to work." 
 
 Richmond. Mrs. W. Cope. and: — "i. All who are willing to work will soon get a place at good 
 wages according to what she can do, 2, From 10 to 20 dollars (.^2 to £i\)." 
 
WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WSST. 
 
 37 
 
 RosSBURN. Miss E. Lawford: — " i. Yes, there is great demand for servants on farms and in house- 
 holds, at £i per month on farms, and £2 in households. If a girl is willing J;o learn, and 
 respects her character, she is such a prize. The trouble is, we cannot keep them av* there are 
 so many in want of wives, but it is better to learn the ways of the country and "the character 
 of the man before settling down. There are many foolish girls who come out here and get 
 married in haste and repent at leisure. 2. A good cook 12 dollars (^2 8s.), housemaids 10 
 dollars (^2), girls on farms 5 to 8 dollars {£l to £1 12s.)." 
 
 ROUNTHVVAITE. Mrs. W. Henderson: — " l. They can. If girls are steady and well behaved they will 
 have no trouble in getting work. 2. Farm girls get from 6 to 10 dollars (24s. to £2) a month.' 
 
 Selkirk. Mrs. A. H. Vaughan :— " i. A good country for working girls. No difficulty in getting 
 good situations, at high wages as compared with other countries. Get a good situation and 
 remain steady. 2. Cooks get high wages according to their ability. Housemaids and farm 
 helps about 10 dollars {£2) per month." 
 
 Shell River. Mrs. G. Butcher: — " i. Most of the people heieabouts are not in a position to keep 
 servants at regular wages. There seems at present but slight prospects for servants in rural 
 districis. The country is as yet too young. I have heard it is ditTerent in town.'' 
 
 SOURIS. Mrs. J. A. Moir : — " l. Yes ; good girls are very scarce and command good wages, I would 
 advise all girls coming to the country to hire on a farm at first, 2. Cooks get from 20 to 25 
 dollars {£4 to ^^5) per month ; housemaids and farm helps, from 10 to 20 dollars (£2 to £4) 
 per month." 
 
 SOURISKORD, Mrs. R. H. Little : — " i. They can easily obtain situations at good wages, but I would 
 not advise them to try fc country situations. 2. From 8 to 12 dollars {£1 12s, to £2 8s,)" 
 
 Springfield. Mrs, M. Corbett : — " i. I think they can get good wages and good homes. 2. Farm 
 helps, from 8 to 12 dollars (^i I2s. to £2 8s.) per month." 
 
 Stonewall. Mrs, W. Eagles: — " i. Any industrious girl can get a situation and good wages if she 
 knows how to do housework. I would advise girls who have to earn their own living to come 
 here. 2. From 8 to 15 dollars (£1 12s. to £2) per month." 
 
 Swan Lake. Mrs. G. B. Gordon :— " i. Yes. The Girls' Friendly Society, Winnipeg, affords perhaps 
 the best medium for obtaining good suitable situations, 2, From 8 to 15 dollars (£'. 12s. to 
 £3) per month," 
 
 Turtle Mountain. Mrs. J. D. Hanson: — " i. In many places hard-working girls are in great 
 demand, and can command good wages when they can work, bake, churn, milk and cook. 
 People are willing to show those who are willing to learn. Let a girl come with a good 
 character and go to a minister, and he will recommend her where to apply. Nurses would do 
 well out here, 2. Capable general girls' wages varv from 6 to 15 dollars (£1 4s, to £2) ■ farm 
 helps, 20 to 30 dollars (^4 to £C>) pei mouth, according to seasons; harvest hands, 30 dollars 
 (£6) per month." 
 
 ViRDEN, Mrs. J. M. Sutherland: — " i. Good girls are in great demand for household servants; the 
 wages given are about 10 dollars a month {£2). 
 
 Wapella. Mrs. C. B, Slater: — "i. Good domestics always in demand, at from 10 to 20 dollars (£2 to 
 ;^4) a month. Come along all who are willing to work. Lots of bachelors needing wives. 
 2. Hotel cooks 20 to 30 dollars {£4 to £6), for housemaids 15 to 20 dollars {£j to ^4), and 
 10 to 20 dollars (£2 to ;^4) for farm helps.'' 
 
 Wattsview. Mrs. N. Bartley : — " 1. Plenty of work for good girls at fair wages. 2. Towns, from lo 
 to 18 dollars {£2 to £2 12s.), farm helps 6 to 10 dols. (;^i 4s. to £2)." 
 
 Westbourne. Susan Rhind : — " i. Very easily. Take advice from Government Emigration agents or 
 clergymen. 2. Girls in the country get 8 to 12 dollars (;^i 12s. to £2 8s.) a month." 
 
 Whitemouth. Mrs. S. J. Carrigan : — " i. Yes, they can, as girls are scarce and wages high. They 
 a'-e gct'.i.ig 6 to 20 dollars (£1 4s. to ;^4 per nioi.th. In Ontario I have had girls for 3 dollars 
 (12s.) per month. This is a good place for girls, 2, Cooks get from 20 to 25 dollars (.^4 to 
 ^5) per month, and on the farms and in private houses they get from 6 to 15 f'ollars (j^i 4s. 
 to £2) per month." 
 
 Winnipeg. Mrs. E. G. Conklin ; — " i. Bring all the girls possible to this country. Servants get good 
 wages, and are in good demand. 2. General servants in the city, 12 to 15 dollars {£2 8s. to 
 
3S 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 £2) per month. Cooks extra." Mrs. V. Lawrence: — " i. As a general rule good experienced 
 giVls can obtain situations in towns at fair wages. 2. About from 8 to 12 dollars {£\ 12s. to 
 £2 8s.) a month." 
 
 WOLSELEY. Mrs. A. W. Haney : — " i. As far as I am aware, girls get from 10 to 12 dollars {£z ta 
 £2 8s.) 3 month ; they are rot very plentiful." 
 
 Woodlands. Mrs. H. Proctor: — "i. A number of steady girls, who have been used to farms and 
 dk, OS in England, will do well at reasonable wages, and doubtle.ss would marry well in this 
 country. Other branches are fairly supplied. 2. Farm servants, about 10 dollars (;^2) ptr 
 month, with board ; cooks, 20 dollars (^4) or more, according to ability." 
 
 OPENINGS FOR GIRLS IN TRADES. 
 
 Question : Are there openings for girls in trades, such as milliners, dressmakers, &c., and 
 can you state general wages ? 
 
 Alexandria. Mrs. T. D. Elliott : — " Plenty of these girls needed. I cannot say what wages they 
 would get." 
 
 Asessippi. Mrs. R. J. Brooks: — " Good openings. Milliners, dressmakers, &c., are scarce." 
 
 Assinidoine, Mrs. A. Gowler : — " Yes, a great deal of work and good pay." 
 
 Austin. Mrs. M. McGregor : — " For plain sewing girls get from 4s. to 5s. per day." 
 
 Beaconsfield. Mrs. Wright : — " Dressmakers find plenty to do." 
 
 Beautiful Plains. Mrs. E. J. Gardiner: — "There is a good chance for milliners and dressmakers, 
 and good wages," 
 
 HARVESTING ON THE PRAIRIE, QU'APrEI.LE VAM-HY, N.W.T, 
 
WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 .39 
 
 Bir,D's Hill. Mrs. C. C. Clitten : — " Good openings in these lines. Sewing girls get 5s. and 6s. per 
 day." Mrs. A. G. McDonald says : — " I think times are pretty dull in that line of business at 
 present." 
 
 BiRTLE. Mrs. S. Chambers : — " Yes, sewing girls here get 3s. a da^' and board." On the other hand, M.s. 
 F. Robbie says ; — "At present there is no demand for this class in this part of Manitoba." 
 
 Blythefield. Mrs. R. Griffith : — " Dressmakers get 4s. per day and board, sewing at a person's own 
 residence." Mrs. J. W. Parker says: — "Dressmakers could find employment around and 
 amongst farms at good wages anywhere." 
 
 Bradwardinb. Mrs. J. Parr : — " Yes, any number ; they could make from ^8 to ;^io per month." 
 
 Brandon. Mrs. J. Leech : — "The demand for milliners and dressmakers in our town is rather small, 
 as it is pretty well supplied with both." Mrs. C. Powers says : — " More demand for girls who 
 can make boys' and men's clothing." 
 
 Broadview. Mrs. J. H. L. Joslyn (Rev.) :— " I think not." xMrs. A. H. Tullock, however, says: — 
 " Milliners and dressmakers do well in this country." 
 
 BuRNSiDE. Mrs. H. Bell :— -" Yes, they can get from 3s. to 4s. per day." Mrs. J. McKenzie : — "There 
 may be a few openings for such, but like dudes, kid-g!oved gentry. &c. &c., there seems to be 
 a plentiful crop in our cities and towns here, but they are of little or no value on a farm, either 
 as servants or wives. But I have known several brought-up town and city girls who have 
 turned out first-class, both as helps on the farm and as farmers' wives, when they set to work and 
 learnt, but those who say ' I was never brought up to work,' are of no use here or elsewhere." 
 
 Calgary. Mrs. E. Robb : — " Very few openings here for trade girls." 
 
 Carberrv. Mrs. L. J. Lowes : — " There are plenty of openings for milliners ; average wages £2 per 
 month." 
 
 Carman. Mrs. L. McKnight : — " Plenty of work for dressmakers, especially in towns or villages, but I 
 cannot state waqfes. Do not know about other trades." 
 
 Cartwright. Mrs. J.Gimby: — " I don't know the wages, but there are openings for such lines of 
 business." 
 
 Crystal City. Mrs. R. Downie : — " Yes, there is a demand for this class here." 
 
 Dalton. Mrs. E. Yeomans : — " Yes ; wages from 2s. per day and board, and upwards." 
 
 Dominion City. Mrs. D. G. Dick : — '-Cannot say what wages, but know there are openings." 
 
 Emerson. Mrs. E. Vezey-Fitzgerald :— " About 12s. a week for milliners, &c." 
 
 Emerson. Mrs. A. M. Duensing: — " No openings just here, but no doubt there are in Winnipeg and 
 other new-starting towns. Sewing girls from 50 cents (2s.) to i dollar (4s.) per day. Dres:;- 
 rnakers get from i dollar (4s.) to 2 dollars (8s.) per day." 
 
 f- ■\'^SY<..<E. Christina McDonald: — "Girls can get work of any description by applying to any 
 ntjents in Winnipeg, on landing. Wages for situations behind tlie counter 25 to 40 dollars 
 vJS to ;^8) a month." 
 
 Greni '• J. Mrs. M. G. Anderson : — " There are openings for a limited number of milliners and dre.s^s- 
 niakers in the larger towns of tlie N.W.T. at good wages, but am unable to state figures." 
 
 Headingley. Mrs. W. B. Hall : — ' There seems a good general demand for girls in all these trades. 
 Sempstresses get i dollar (4s.) per day." 
 
 High Bluff: Mrs. N. Brown (Rev.) : — " First class openings. They can make money fast. Sewing 
 girls in private families get i dollar (4s.) per day and board." 
 
 Manitou. — Mrs. R. D. Foley : — " The country here seems to be well supplied with such." 
 
 Medicine Hat. Mrs. A. j. Bridgman : — " There are openings. I can't state wages." 
 
 iii^.iMi. Mrs. R. P. Thompson : — " There are openings for all such just here ; tailoresses are mostly 
 .' n demand. Dressmakers get 6 dollars {£1 4s.) per week, and board themselves in Winnipeg." 
 
 AiiLLKOKD. Mrs. J. B. K. Wilson : — "There is room for milliners' shops, and dressmakers can earn 
 75 cents (3s,) a day to go out through the country.'' 
 
 Minnedosa. Mrs. H. Sanderson : — "There is a fair supply here, tl.ey seem to get plenty to do; their 
 charges are high." 
 
40 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 Neepawa, Mrs. J. Hunter: — "There is not much^for milliners and dressmakers to do here in this 
 part, for the shopkeepers get all the hats ready trimmed, and everyone makes her own dress." 
 
 Nelson. Mrs. T. N. Wilson : — " Sewing girls are much needed in the country and towns. Wages from 
 2s. to 3s. per day, with board." 
 
 Ossowo. Mrs. Emma Cowlord : — " Yes. Wages from i dollar 25 cents to i dollar 50 cents (53. to 6s.) 
 a day." Mrs. C. F. Newman : — " There are none in the country." 
 
 Portage la Prairie. Mrs. M. Whimster: — " Girls going out to work by the day sewing, get from 
 75 cents to I dollar (3s. to 4s.), and dressmaking from 4 dollars to 6 dollars (i6s. to 24s.), 
 according to the amount put on them." Mrs. P. McKay : — " These trades are well supplied." 
 Mrs. A. Bell : — " Not a great demand. Better for sewing girls going from house to house ; 
 wages 75 cents (3s. a day and board, except Sundays)," 
 
 Rapid City. Mrs. J. W. Davidson : — " Girls of this description are plentiful. Wages are from 50 
 cents to I dollar 50 cents (2s. to 6s.) per day. I believe they can do well at piece work." 
 Mrs. Turnbull : — " No such openings in Rapid City ; those who were here in the business had 
 to give it up." 
 
 Regina. Mrs. J. Mclntyre : — "We want milliners and good dressmakers in Regina. Please send 
 them along." Mrs. G. T. Boulding : — " Yes, there is. We have to pay high prices for 
 such kinds of work." Mrs. W. Copeland : — '' I know a ;';'r! in Winnipeg who gets 100 dollars 
 (;^2o) a month as head dressmaker." 
 
 Ste. Agathe. Mrs. M. Lowe: — "This line has been much adopt. /the housemaids. It seems 
 to be a fair line of business for a smart girl." 
 
 Shell River. Mrs, G. Butcher: — "There appears to be a demand for milliners and dressmakers. 
 The charge for making a trimmed dress is here 5 dollars (;^i)." 
 
 Smiths Hill. Mrs. J.Armstrong: — "In the country chances for such are very small, but sewing 
 girls get 50 cents and 65 cents (2s. and 3s. a day)." 
 
 SouRis. Mrs. A. B. Wenman : — " I believe milliners and dressmakers get plenty to do here, and are 
 well paid, but I cannot say what they pay assistants." 
 
 Treherne. Mrs T. C. Forbes : — " The supply equals the demand at present." 
 
 Turtle Mountain. Mrs. A. Gregory: — " Not many in the country ; dressmaking, &c., is generally 
 done at home. Have no experience of towns." 
 
 Two Rivers. Mrs. F. Clark: — "Yes, very good in towns of any size, but they can do better as farm 
 helps." 
 
 Virden. Mrs. J. M. Sutherland : — " Girls here set up on their own account, and have the profit all to 
 themselves. I pay 5 dollars (;^i) for getting a dress made." 
 
 Wattsview. Mrs. N. Bartley : — "I should think so; in villages or towns. Dressmakers, from 
 5 dollars to 10 dollars (;^i to £2) and upwards, according to amount of labour.'' 
 
 Whitemouth. Mrs. S. J. Carrigan : — " Yes, we have lots of that work to do, and they have, I think, 
 been getting about i dollar (4s.) per day. 
 
 Winnipeg. Mrs. E. Lawrence : — " Very few openings in these lines at present." 
 
 Wolselev. Mrs. E. Kenney : — " Good openings, but I cannot state wages, that depends on 
 themselves." 
 
 THE INDIAN QUESTION. 
 
 So much has been written in recent times as to the Indians of the Canadian North-West, 
 that intending settlers are very liable to be under false impressions, unless the exact position of 
 affairs is clearly pointed out. This is done in a complete manner by the following replies from 
 women in all parts of the North-West, as far cast as Rat Portage, and as far west as Calgary at 
 the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains, and it will be seen that of the whole 320 or so replies 
 all, with one or two solitary exceptions, state that they experience no dread whatever of the 
 Indians. If this be so with the members of the female sex, what can others have to fear ? 
 
WHAT WOMEN SAY OI' THB CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 41 
 
 The question asked was : "Do you expei'ience any dread of the Indians?" 
 " No " or " None " is the simple answer of Eighty-one women. 
 
 " No, NEVER DID," " NoT A BIT," " NoT IN THE LEAST," " No\E WHATEVER," are the rcplicS 
 
 of One Hundred and Seven. 
 
 The other replies are as follows : — 
 
 Name. 
 
 Answer. 
 
 Adshead, Mrs. Rachael 
 Alexander, Mrs. J. P. ... 
 Allison, Mrs. George ... 
 Anderson, Mrs. A. H — 
 Anderson, Mrs. M. G. 
 Armstrong, Mrs. J. 
 Ballantyne, Mrs. S. ... 
 
 Bartley, Mrs. N 
 
 Begg, Mrs. K. S 
 
 Bell, Mrs. Allan 
 
 Bell, Mrs. H. 
 
 Bethune, Mrs. A 
 
 Bligh, Mrs. R 
 
 Blythe, Mrs. J. M. 
 Bowman, Mrs. T. 
 Broadguest, Mrs. E. ... 
 Brooks, Mrs. R. J. 
 
 Brunt, Mrs. J 
 
 Burgess, Mrs. S 
 
 Burnell, Mrs. M 
 
 Butcher, Mrs. E 
 
 Carter, Mrs. A 
 
 Carvers, Mrs. J 
 
 Chester, Mrs. J 
 
 Cooper, Mrs. W. 
 Cosgrove, Mrs. J. B. ... 
 
 Cresaer, Mrs. W. S. ... 
 Davidson, Mrs. J. W. ... 
 
 Davies.Mrs. P. W.(Rev. 
 
 Dick, Mrs. D. G 
 
 Dick, Mrs. K. W. ... 
 
 Dickson, Mrs. J 
 
 Douley, Mrs. J 
 
 Doyden, Mrs. A 
 
 Doyle, Mrs. W. A. ... 
 
 Dow, Mrs. J. M. ... 
 Dowie, Mrs. R. ... 
 Drury, Mrs. M. M. 
 
 Dver, Mrs. M. 
 
 No 
 
 No: 
 
 no Indians around here, 
 they are perfectly quiet and harmless. 
 No ; have not seen any Indians. 
 No ; have not seen an Indian for months. 
 
 No ; there are a few Indians who excite pity and compassion, but no dread. 
 We do not experience any dread of the Indians. 
 None whatever, the Indians are quiet here. 
 No, none whatever. 
 We have no dread of the Indians, they are a very harmless people if well 
 
 treated. 
 None whatever ; I have visited these here in their tents. 
 1 have had, but not now. 
 Poor things, no. I often like to feed them when they come around. I hope 
 
 the different Churches will soon have them christianised. 
 No, not any, and live close near an Indian reserve. 
 None whatever ; about as much as gipsies. 
 None whatever ; they are hundreds of miles away. 
 None whatever. Have only seen two in the last five yenrs. 
 The Indians call in, but are very friendly. 
 None ; they seem to be very peaceable. I live near a reserve. 
 None ; they are quite harmless. 
 There are none around here. 
 Have never seen one. 
 
 No ; we have no trouble with them in Manitoba. 
 Not the least; in fact, in point of honor in any deaUngs we nave with them they 
 
 put some of the whites to shame. 
 They have never given me any trouble. 
 
 None whatever; they are friendly in this part of the Province. 
 I have never seen any since I came to the farm, now going on three years. 
 
 Never think of them. 
 None whatever ; those in this part are quite harmless. 
 The Indians have never been troublesome in this part of the country, in fact 
 
 they are seldom seen. 
 No ; I don't think I have seen fifty in three years. 
 
 None whatever, although they often call at my house to sell fish and wild fruit. 
 I live within a short distance of an Indian reserve, but I do not dread them. 
 No, no, no. 
 
 No ; I have never seen one where I live. 
 No ; we never see any in these parts. 
 1 had a fear of them before coming here, but have found those on our reserve 
 
 a quiet inoffensive lot, and have had them working on the farm several 
 
 times. They are Presbyterians. 
 Not the slightest ; we have an Indian reserve within two miles of us. 
 None whatever ; I have not seen one for six years. 
 None whatever ; I consider them quiet, civil, and inoffensive, so far as my 
 
 experience is concerned. 
 1 never liad any dread of the Indian. 
 
42 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST, 
 
 Name. 
 
 Answer. 
 
 Empey, Mrs. M. A. . 
 Fee, Mrs. Jno. M. 
 Findlay, Mrs. J;is. 
 Findlay, Mrs. R. ... . 
 
 Franklin, Mrs.B 
 
 Freeman, Mrs. C. H. . 
 
 Gardiner, Elizabeth J.. 
 
 Garratt, Mary J 
 
 Gordon, Mrs. G. B. . 
 Grierson, Mary E. 
 Haight, Mrs. C. F. . 
 Hall, Mrs. W. B. 
 Harris, Mrs. A. B. 
 Harvey, Mrs. A. W. . 
 Heatli, Elizabeth... 
 Holland, Elizabeth M. A.| 
 
 Johnston, Anne 
 
 Joslyn,Mrs.J.H.L.(Rev.) 
 
 J ones, Mrs. J 
 
 Kelly, Mrs. J 
 
 Lumsden, Mrs. S. 
 
 Lawford, Miss E 
 
 Lawrence, Mrs. Kate ... 
 
 Leech, Mrs. J 
 
 r eepart, Mrs. R. N. ... 
 
 Logan, Maria M 
 
 Lowe, Mrs. M 
 
 Lowes, Letitia J 
 
 M:Cuish, Mrs. D.J. ... 
 
 McGill, Margaret 
 
 McGill, Henrietta 
 McGregor, Mrs. M. ... 
 McGregor, Mrs. N. ... 
 Mclnnes, Mrs. Malcom 
 Mclntyre, Mrs. John ... 
 
 McKay, Mrs. M 
 
 McKay, Mrs. Philip ... 
 McKenzie, Mrs. Jean ... 
 
 McKnight, L 
 
 McLaren, Mrs. R. C. ... 
 McKenzie, Mrs. Alex.... 
 
 Marlett, Mrs. R. S. ... 
 Marshall, Mrs. B. 
 
 Mayfair, Agnes 
 
 Mcnzies, Mrs. John 
 Morrison, Mrs. D. G. ... 
 Muckle, Mary M 
 
 Naismith, Mrs. Alex. .. 
 
 N()thin;oj to fear, as there are none near us. 
 
 No ; th-y are not numerous enough in Manitoba to do much harm. 
 
 No ; han'ly ever seen. 
 
 None whatever ; they are quite inoffensive here. 
 
 None at all ; they are harmless if well fed. 
 
 I was in dread of the n last spring, but I don't mind them now, as the disturb* 
 
 aiice is all over with them. 
 We have no rea on to dread th'-m. 
 No ; nor did we ever during the rebellion. 
 None ; though we have a rtserve close by. 
 Ni t the slightest ; quifethv reverse. 
 Noue whatever. Indians here are perfectly harmless. 
 Have not seen one for ten years. I have no fear of them. 
 No, I rather like them. 
 Not at present ; they are quite tamejiow. 
 Not any in this neighbouihood. 
 Have scarcely seen any. 
 The Indians are very quiet. 
 Yes. 
 
 No ; the squaws will wash and scrub for you. 
 No Indians in this part. 
 None. They are hundreds of miles away, with sufficient force to keep them 
 
 quiet. 
 None whntever. They are all right if treated kindly but firmly. 
 No; the Indians are all right if people would let them alone. I never knew 
 
 them to bother anyone. 
 I had a great dread ot the Indians when I first came to the country, but not 
 
 the least fear of them now. 
 No danger of Indians. 
 Not much. 
 
 The Government will see after the Indians ir the future. 
 None. 
 
 None whatever ; seldom see any. 
 
 - \ . ^ bit ; nor did we when the soldiers were up West. 
 No ; they are very quiet. 
 No dread of Indians whatever. 
 
 No ; we live three miles away from the Sioux reserve. 
 I cannot say that I have e.xperienced any dread of the Indians. 
 None ; they are perfectly harmless. 
 None in this neighbourhood. 
 No ; we often had them to work on the farm. 
 None whatever ; but have often received help from the women. My husband 
 
 employs them on his farm. 
 Not the slightest dread whatever. 
 Just a little. 
 The Indians are a most harmless element of the community, and need excite 
 
 no fear. 
 I have never experienced any dread of the Indians. 
 Certainly not ; the Indians are kind and civil. 
 None whatever; they are seldom seen here. 
 Not very much ; only I do not like theitt. 
 No ; they are peaceable and very quiet h'-re. 
 Not now. For some years I felt uncomfortable at receiving visits from them* 
 
 but now often find them most useful *' helps " 
 I had a little last spring, but our fears were groumdless. 
 
WH\T WOMEN SAY OI' THE CAN MM AN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 4J 
 
 Name. 
 
 Newman, Mrs. C. F. .. 
 Ogletree, Mrs. Mary ,, 
 
 Oliver, Mrs. Thomas 
 
 Owens, Mrs. R , 
 
 Pi.kering, Mrs. Alf. .., 
 
 Pollock, Mrs. E 
 
 Pound, Mrs. W. C. ... 
 Powers, Mrs. C. F. ... 
 I'mctor, Mrs. Hannah... 
 Pardy, Mrs. T. F. 
 Roddick, Mrs. George , 
 
 Rospberry, Mrs. F. S ... 
 Rowsome, Mrs. Sarah E 
 Rutherford, Mrs J. .., 
 Sanderson, Mrs. Hugh 
 Sharpe, Mrs T. A. 
 Slater, Mrs. C. B. 
 S'atcr, Mrs J. Henry .. 
 Stewart, Margaret 
 Siurgeon, Mrs. J. George 
 Sutherland, Mrs. J. ...J 
 
 Sutherland, Mrs. J. M. 
 Thompson, Mrs. R. P. 
 Tisdale, Mrs. W. E. ...| 
 Umphrey, Mrs. S. . I 
 Wakefield, Mrs. A. G.' 
 
 Walker,]. C ! 
 
 Wenman, Mrs. A. ...I 
 Wenman, Mrs. A. B. ...i 
 
 Whimster, Mrs j 
 
 Wilson, Mrs. J. B. K. ...' 
 Wright, Mrs. G. C. ..,'< 
 Yeoman, Mrs. G. M. .. i 
 
 Answer. 
 
 No ; for there are none here. 
 
 Not any. My husband is an Indim agent. I sometimes accompany him to 
 
 the reserves, where there are a number of Indians. 
 No danger from Indians 
 I hav.! n )t seen one for four years. 
 Find them very quiet people. 
 None. I have not seen ten in three years. 
 No dread. No Indians near here. 
 
 We see, and have no more trouble than people in any other parts of Canada. 
 No ; there are not any residing very near 
 No. As a rule they are houour.ible if you do right by them. 
 No; and never had any fear, even when alone 50 miles from the nearest 
 
 neighbour. 
 I have no fear of Indians, for I never see one. 
 None whatever. We hardly ever see an Indian here. 
 No dread whatever. They are quite harmless. 
 No. There are not m:my around here, and are peaceable. 
 No ; no more dread than I would h.ive in Toronto. 
 Not the slightest at any time. 
 Not the least ; scarcely ever see one. 
 No, and have no reason or cause. 
 There are no Indians in this part of Manitoba. 
 No serious dread of Indians at present, and at but few points can there ever be ; 
 
 none whatever in Manitoba. 
 None. I hire a squaw to do my scrubbing. 
 
 None whatever. I often wish they would come round with mats and baskets. 
 None whatever. Indeed there are but few in these parts. 
 No fear of the red man. 
 
 None whatever, and we corner an Indian reserve. 
 I do not experience any dread whatever. 
 
 I have no dread of Indians ; they are very harmless and quiet. 
 The Indians are perfectly harmless; no one dreads them at all. 
 None whatever. I have Indians around me every day, and have no dread. 
 Not in the least, and never did. 
 
 None whatever. Have seen but few since I have come here. 
 No. We eniptoy them continually, and treat them honestly, and thev fear 
 
 and r.-'spf?ct us. 
 
 "ARE YOU CONTENTED?" 
 
 " Are you contented with your present lot and prospects ahead?" The answers to tlii.s 
 question are decidedly interesting. Ong hundred and Jlfty -three merely answer Yes, Perfecllv, and 
 so on ; while /a^ only reply No or Not at pyc%ent . The other answers are given below, and it 
 will be noted that several speak of a lack of railway facilities. This need,, much felt in some 
 out-of-the-way parts, is now beinj; rapidly met. In no co.mi^ry in the world, probably, has 
 railway building progressed so rapidly as in the Canadian xNorth-West. The want of such facilities 
 has hitherto been particularly experienced in the southern part of Manitoba. Last year, how- 
 ever, a large part of this district was opened up by the e.xtension of the Manitoba south-western 
 lines, and the work is to be pushed further west in the coming season. Intending .settlers 
 sh.iuid, in choosing their land, bear in mind the important question of good railway facilities. 
 
44 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 Mrs. Rachael Adshead . — " Quite contented, and things look brighter in the future." 
 
 Mrs. J. P. Alexander : — " Would be perfectly contented with both had we the railway facilities 
 we were led to expect." (Sourisford, Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. J. Armstrong : — " I feel quite contented with my present lot, and prospects are good." 
 
 Mrs. S. Ballantyne: — "Yes. But all people do not enjoy contentment under equal circum> 
 stances. Still, people with a home provided for them and in which the laws of the country protect 
 them, should be contented." 
 
 Mrs. N. Bartley : — " If this country should prosper and markets be established I should be well 
 content." 
 
 Mrs. S. J. Batcock : — " I cannot say that I am satisfied with my lot as it is, but have every faith 
 for the future, and would not wish to leave the country." 
 
 Mrs. Katherine S. Begg : — " We are so contented that we would not change places for a good 
 farm in Scotland." 
 
 Mrs. a. Bell : — "We had an opportunity of making our home in Ontario, but preferred 
 returning to this climate." 
 
 Mrs. a. Bethune : — "Yes, only the past two seasons have not been favourable to the growing of 
 our grain, the seasons in question having been cold and wet, and our very rich soil does not require 
 much moisture." 
 
 Mrs. E. Broadouest : — " Perfectly, and feel confident of success in the future." 
 
 Mrs. S. Burgess : — " I am. I consider this is the best move I ever made for myself and family. 
 They have got good homes of their own, and these they would never have had in England if I had 
 remained there." 
 
 Mrs. G. Butcher : — " We yet suffer from the boom of '82. Capital is scarce here (Shell River). 
 Barter prevails too much. Markets for goods are distant, and fuel is difficult to obtain. Our crops 
 were injured, but we think money will be more plentiful. Railways, also, will come nearer, coals will 
 be obtainable, better km Us of grain will be grown, and new methods of cropping to suit the seasons 
 will be pursued. Factories for making woollen clothing will work up the native wool, others will give 
 us beet sugar, and in a short time our farms will maintain us." 
 
 Mrs. J. Carvers : — " We are well content with our lot now and have abundance. Getting in a 
 nice stock of cattle, and plenty of the best of food for man and beast." 
 
 Mrs. S. Chambers : — " I do not regret coming here, and am hopeful for the future." 
 
 Mrs. J. Chester : — " I have every reason to be content and grateful for our prosperity." 
 
 Mrs. W. Copeland : — " Yes, we have a better home and 160 acres of land of our own, which we 
 would never have had in Ontario." 
 
 Mrs. J. B. Cosgrove -. — " Perfectly contented. Plenty to eat and drink. Good neighbours, and 
 not from hand to mouth as many in older countries are." 
 
 Mrs. M. Covey : — " Yes, if times improve as there is every prospect of their doing." 
 
 Mrs. W. Cresaer: — " I am quite contented at present, and I believe there is a great future for 
 this country." 
 
 Mrs. J. W. Davidson : — " I would not change my place in Manitoba for a more comfortable one 
 in Ontario." 
 
 Mrs. P. W. Davies (Rev.) : — " I am, and if it were necessary would not hesitate to go with my 
 husband and family on a homestead or section of land, and risk making a comfortable home in a 
 reasonable time." 
 
 Mrs. a. Doyden : — " We meet with failures and disappointments, yet I can safely say I am very 
 contented and happy." - 
 
 Mrs. W. a. Doyle : — "I cannot say I am not contented, but I think the prospect for the success of 
 the country is very doubtful, though many around us are most sanguine for a successful future." 
 
 Mrs. R. Downie : — " Yes ; good land, schools, churches, and nearly all the conveniences of older 
 settl'jd parts of Canada and a healthy climate make good prospects." 
 
 Mrs. E. Estlin : — "No; principally owing to distance from market. Brandon is 75 miles frono 
 here (Turtle Mountain, Southern Manitoba)." 
 
 i 
 
WHAT WOME^f SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WBST. 
 
 4.5 
 
 Mrs. R. Findlay : — " We are quite contented with our present condition, and future prospects appear 
 very favourable." 
 
 Mrs. G. Forbes: — "Very much. Our prospects are good, seeing we hav« r. railroad at hand." 
 (Holland, Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. T. C. Forbes : — " Fairly well contented with present lot, and very hopeful for future." 
 
 Mrs. B. FRAtJKLiN : — " Quite contented. Manitoba is going ahead. It is the best place to live in 
 on the Western Hemisphere." 
 
 Mrs. G. L. Fraser: — " Yes, if we only had a railroad a little nearer." (Chumah, North- Western 
 Manitoba.) 
 
 Mary Jane Garratt : — " I am quite contented with my home, and believe there is a grand future 
 for this great North-West." 
 
 Mrs. E. J. Gibson : — " No, I am not very contented, not that it is in the least the fault of the 
 country or climate." 
 
 Mrs. G. Greenlav: — " If the future proves as favourable as the past while I have lived in this 
 country 1 shall be satisfied." 
 
 Annie Gregorv : — " Yes ; with railway accommodation an accomplished fact, the prospect ahead 
 seems good." (Turtle Mountain, Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. C. F. Haight: — "I am contented, although we have had many drawbacks. But in an entirely 
 new country, perseverance and courage is necessary for years, then success will follow." 
 
 Mrs. J. D. Hanson : — "Yes, as the railroad promises to come within a few miles of us, instead of 
 having to team 70 miles to Brandon, our nearest town." (Turtle Mountain, Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. a. B. Harris : — " Better contented with the prospects than the present. Notwithstanding, 
 we have done fairly well." 
 
 Mrs. R. C. Hodnett : — " This is a serious question. However, we are sanguine, and, with market 
 convenient, cannot fail to prosper." 
 
 Mrs. T. Huddlestone : — " Yes. The country has so changed since my coming here, that the same 
 diflicuhies I had to contend with are done away with." 
 
 Mrs. H. M. Hunt : — " I have faith in the future of this country, but at present times are dull." 
 
 Mrs. J. Hunter: — "Yes, we are quite contented with our lot, and would not like to so back to 
 Onta-.io to live." 
 
 Mrs. p. Hyde : — Yes, if we only had a railroad near at hand." (Silver Creek, North-Western 
 Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. D. Hysop : — " With the completion of the railroad that is now being built, we shall be 
 contented with our home." (Killarney, Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Lavinia Jkffery :— '• Perfectly contented and hopeful. Believe the struggles of this country will 
 soon be a thing of the past. The generality of farmers this harvest show that they can grow grain 
 second to no other country." 
 
 Anne Johnston: — '• I am content with my lot, and the prospect ahead, now that our family can 
 have a home near us." 
 
 Mrs. (Rev.) J. H. L. Joslyn : — " Bearing in mind that I reply from my own point of view, I am 
 contented and hopeful." 
 
 Mrs. J. Jones : — " Prospects are good." 
 
 Miss E. Lawford : — " Yes ; we are looking forward to the railway making a better market for our 
 grain in the future." (Rossburn, North-Western Manitoba.) 
 
 Maria M. Logan : — " Not unless we have a railroad nearer to us. 
 Manitoba.) 
 
 (Melgund, Southern 
 
 Mrs. M. Lowk : — " We ata content with the past, and prospects are certainly for next year the 
 best we have had for two years. A dry summer, and the fall ploughing all nearly done, and the weather 
 is still fine, 22nd October. My husband is delighted with the prospects of having nothing to do next 
 spring but harrow in his grain." 
 
4<5 
 
 WHAT WOMEN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 Mrs. D. J. McCuiSH : — ' I am quite contented with the present, and Iknow the prospect ahead is 
 good." 
 
 Mrs. T. McCulloch : — " I am content with my home. The first year is the most difficult insetting 
 seed grain and farming implements." 
 
 Mrs. L. McDermot, — " Well contented with lot and prospect ahead. Don't think we could 
 better our position anywhere." 
 
 Mrs. T. McGee : — " Like Paul the ApostW, ! have learned that in whatsoevor state I am therewith 
 to be contented. I'hc prospects ahead I hope are preUy good." 
 
 Mks. M. McGregor : — " I am quite contented in my new home, and have the pleasure of seeing 
 my four sons settled on farms of their own and doing well." 
 
 Mrs. N. McGrkgor : — " Certainly: three babies and good hou«e and buildings and stock, &c., &c. 
 
 Mrs. McIntyke : — " I like my present position, and hope for better." 
 
 Mrs. p. McKay : — "The prospects at present ahead are as good as I could expect in any 
 country." 
 
 Mrs. R. McKay: — " Yes : but more cultivation of land requires hands, and this means more 
 work, which cannot be done without. The prospects are thus very encouraging." 
 
 Mrs. Jean McKenzie;—" Quite contented. All grumblers and idlers had better stay where 
 they are, for they are no benefit to this or any country." 
 
 Mrs. a. McNeill : — " I am very well satisfied with the way we have got along. I think there is 
 not any other place in the world where people can get along so well as in this country." 
 
 Mrs. J. McRavne: — " ! would be quite contented with my lot, if there was only a railroad or 
 market near." (Sourisford, Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. a. McKenzie : — " My present situation is most comfortable, and the more satisfactory in 
 that I expect my position goes on improving as the prosperity of the country advances." 
 
 Mrs. S. R. Marlatt: — " The prospects of farmers in this part of the country are quite satisfac- 
 tory. I am not living on a farm at present, but hope to be before long." 
 
 Mrs. B. Marshall:— "I am quite content. I see comfort and independence ahead for myself 
 and family." 
 
 Mrs. J. Menzies : — " I am quite contented at present, and the prospects ahead are bright." 
 
 Mary E. Mitchell : — "Yes ; and I think the prospect is good in this country." 
 
 Mrs. D. G Morrison : — " I am very contented here. We make our living, and that is all. Our 
 prospects are nothing without a railroad." (Napinka, Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. R. Nelson : — " No, we consider we made a great mistake in coming here." (Birtle, Norih- 
 Western Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. M. Ogletree : — " I would not be more contented in any part of the world." 
 
 Mrs. T. Oliver: — " Yes, we have a good home for our family in a good settlement." 
 
 Mrs E. Pollock: — "Well contented if the South-Western Railway was built lOO or 150 miles 
 further west." (Napitika, Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. J. PoRTicus : — " Yes ; I do not know of a country more suitable for a family with limited 
 means." 
 
 Mrs. C. F. Powers : — " Perfectly satisfied with this country, and there is a great fortune in store 
 for all people coming to this country to settle their families and make homes for themselves." 
 
 Mrs. Hannah Proctor : — " Quite so, unless times change for the worse. We have great hope 
 ior the future prosperity of this country, with abundance to satisfy the requirements of a family." 
 
 Mrs. C. Proyer: — " More especially considering the hardships of the working classes in the old 
 ctunti /." 
 
 Mrs. T. F. Purdy : — " Very much so, with the exception of dry weather, and crops being shortish 
 this last two years, but very splendid " 
 
 MiTiLDA Ramsey: — " I have no substuntial reason to be discontented, and I believe there is a home 
 
WHAY WOMEN SAY OP THB CANADIAN NORTH-WEST. 
 
 47 
 
 here for thousands, which can be nnadeby industry and perseverance, as I have never seen anyone want 
 who was willing to work." 
 
 Mrs. Geo. Roddick : — " We have not all the comfoits of a former home, but the family have 
 better prospects here." 
 
 Mrs. H. Rose : — " When I cc ider the hardships my husband h.is passed through, I am 
 thankful things are as well with us, iind hope for still better things as the countr) improves." 
 
 Mrs, F". S. Roseberry : — "I am well contented with my prcs('iit lot, and evtrylhing seems 
 promising ahead." 
 
 Mrs. E. Rounthwaite : — " No, our present prospect ahead is not encouraging." (Rounthwaite, 
 Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. Sarah Rousome: — " Since the building of the South-Western Railway we feel that th'nijs 
 will soon be all right, as we have suffered for the want of a regular market before." (Wakoj.a, 
 Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. J. Rutherford: — " Yes, I prefer it to Ontario. I am very hopeful of this country." 
 
 Mrs. H. Sanderson, Sen. : — "Yes; I think there is nothing to hinder industrious people from 
 making a comfortable home in this country." 
 
 Mrs. J. A. Senegal : — " Yes, quite contented ; have a comfortable home and progressing every 
 year." 
 
 Mrs. Helen Shaw : — " The principal grievance here (M'dnapore, N.W.T.) is a prohibitory liquor 
 law, depriving the people against their wish of beer, wines, aud spirits. Otherwise there is nothing 
 much to complain of." 
 
 Mrs. R. H. Smith : — " Our present lot is not too pleasant on account of damage done to our farm 
 by prairie fires, but prospects are good." 
 
 Mrs. S. J. Smith ; — " I am, and I think there are good times coming." 
 
 Mrs. W. Smith : — " Yes, and the prospect ahead is good " 
 
 Mrs. H. L. Stewart : — " Yes, with the exception of the want of society here." (Meadow Lea.) 
 
 Mrs. J. Stirton : — " Perfectly contented." 
 
 Mrs. J. G. Sturgeon : — " Not as things are at present for farmers." (Stockton, Southern 
 Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. J. Q. Summer : — " I am perfectly so. We have made a good home, and we will, no doubt, 
 continue to prosper." 
 
 Mrs. J. Sutherland -. — " Perfectly contented. The outlook ahead I consider good, and brightenii ^ 
 every year as railroads and other facilit es extend." 
 
 Margaret J. Taylor : — " Contentment is a very precious jewel. By the blessing of God we have 
 done well," 
 
 Mrs. R. p. Thompson: — "Yes. Prospects are good; we have plenty of good land, 35 head of 
 cattle, and six horses. We raise about Soo bushels of wheat every year, and are in a fair way to 
 become pretty well off." 
 
 Mrs. W. E. Tisdale : — " Yes ; we have an independent home, and our property and stock are 
 increasing, and the whole family has enjoyed better health than ever bef'" e." 
 
 Mrs. W. Todd : — " Quite content with my present lot, and every faith in the future of the country." 
 
 Mrs. S. Umphrey: — "I am well contented with my lot; would not go back to Ontario again. 
 Prospects for the future ai e very good for industrious people," 
 
 Mrs. a. G. Wakefield: — " We are not contented here (Rossburn). We intend in the future to 
 go in for stock raising, which will pay better than farming." 
 
 Mrs. ]. C. Walker: — "With my present lot I am quite content, and prospects grow brighter 
 every year." , 
 
 Mrs. a. Watson : — " Quite contented with present lot, and consider the prospects ahead very 
 good." 
 
 Mrs. J. Watson : — " Yes, I think there is a bright prospect ahead." 
 
48 
 
 WHAT WOMKN SAY OF THE CANADIAN NORTH-WKSI. 
 
 Mrs, E. Wkichtman : — " Yes, and more so after the railway is opened next summer to the south 
 of us, as farm produce will be more easily marketed." (West Hall, Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. a. Wenman : — " I am pretty well content with my present state of things, but shall be better 
 so when we get a railway through, so that we can ship our grain without hauling so far." (Souris 
 Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. a. B. Wenman : — " I am quite content with my prospects here, for I believe there is a grand 
 future for this country." 
 
 Mrs. G. U. White : — " That is a hard question to answer. We have plenty of hay for our stock, 
 lots of wood, and excellent water, which we should be thankful for ; still we miss many luxuries we had 
 in Ontario." 
 
 Mrs. J. B. K. Wilson: — "All but the want of a railroad, which is a great inconvenience to 
 me." (Millford, Southern Manitoba.) 
 
 Mrs. T. N. Wilson : — " I can heartily say that I am very well contented with my present and the 
 good prospects in store, not only for me but for the country in general." 
 
 Mrs. J. W. Wood ; — " As far as the country is concerned I am." 
 
 Mrs. Wright : — " We all live in hopes of a better future." 
 
 Mrs. G. C. Wright : — " I am, for the sake of my family. I think anyone having a family can get 
 for them homes which they never could in older countries." 
 
 Mrs. G. M. Yeoman : — " We think the prospect ahead brightening yearly. To us it always looked 
 good, but we are hardly content to stop with the present. We wish to get a few steps more up the 
 ladder." 
 
 H. Blacklock & Co., Printers, Ike, 75, Farringdon Road. London. E.G.— [1462.] 
 
If, after reading this pumplilet, you de.^ire further information 
 on any points regarding the Canadian North-West, write fully regarding these 
 points to the undersigned. 
 
 If you have not yet read the pamphlet, " What Settlers Say,*' 
 sent free of charge, detach this slip and post at once to 
 
 ALEXANDER BEGG, 
 
 Canadian Faoiflo Railway Offices, 
 
 88, Cannon Stbeet, London, E.G. 
 
 {Name and full Postal Address.) 
 
 1 
 
 m ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Date 
 
 1886.